NR-512 Fundamentals of Nursing Informatics Entire Course
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<strong>NR</strong>-<strong>512</strong> <strong>Fundamentals</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nursing</strong> <strong>Informatics</strong> <strong>Entire</strong> <strong>Course</strong><br />
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<strong>NR</strong>-<strong>512</strong> <strong>Fundamentals</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nursing</strong> <strong>Informatics</strong> <strong>Entire</strong> <strong>Course</strong><br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 1 Discussion<br />
Integration <strong>of</strong> <strong>Nursing</strong> <strong>Informatics</strong> Skills and Competencies (graded)<br />
<br />
Reflect on your own practice. Discuss how informatics is used in your practice. What is your primary area<br />
where you would use informatics?<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 2 Discussion<br />
Wisdom Versus Judgment (graded)<br />
How does the concept <strong>of</strong> wisdom in nursing informatics compare to the concept <strong>of</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>essional nursing judgment?<br />
What is DIKW and how do you “use” it in your practice?<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 3 Discussion<br />
Reflections on Second Life Experiences (graded)<br />
You are working in Second Life now completing a number <strong>of</strong> activities. What do you see as a benefit to augmenting<br />
course assignments through the use <strong>of</strong> a virtual learning environment (VLE)?<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 4 Discussion<br />
<strong>Informatics</strong> Skills (graded)<br />
How do the informatics skills you are now developing/expanding upon and validating help you meet current<br />
informatics skills levels? Did the TANIC self-assessment change your impression <strong>of</strong> your current informatics skill<br />
levels?<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 5 Discussion<br />
Knowledge Generation Through <strong>Nursing</strong> <strong>Informatics</strong> (graded)
In one <strong>of</strong> the reading assignments this week you reviewed advance nurse practitioner (APN) roles and the<br />
application <strong>of</strong> project management concepts, one <strong>of</strong> the major elements <strong>of</strong> NI, but new to most nurses. Does this<br />
have an application to your practice? Why or why not?<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 6 Discussion<br />
HealthIT Hot Topic <strong>of</strong> the Week and Impact on Practice (graded)<br />
What was the HealthIT Hot Topic you selected related to your specialty? Why did you select it? How will this impact<br />
your practice?<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 7 Discussion<br />
Safeguarding Health Information and Systems (graded)<br />
<br />
A new concept for some organizations is to allow nurses to bring in their own devices known as bring your<br />
own devices (BYOD) to use at work. What are some <strong>of</strong> the security issues you might encounter if this were allowed?<br />
How would you address these issues?<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 8 Discussion<br />
Reflection on Second Life Experiences, <strong>Nursing</strong> <strong>Informatics</strong> Skills and Impact on Speciality (graded)<br />
Discuss how <strong>Course</strong> Outcomes were supported and met by the activities you have completed in this course.<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 4 Scavenger Hunt<br />
W4_<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Second Life (SL) Scavenger Hunt Work Sheet<br />
Student Name: Dorinda Ezell Avatar Name: Dvezellnr<strong>512</strong><br />
INSTRUCTIONS<br />
Instructions:<br />
1. As you complete the Scavenger Hunt, please<br />
write your answers to the questions on this<br />
worksheet.<br />
2. Save it as a MS Word document in the<br />
following<br />
format: YourName_<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong>_ScavengerHunt<br />
3. Upload the worksheet to the Drop Box in your<br />
course page by the end on Week 4 on Sunday at<br />
11:59 pm MT.
Remember if you need assistance when you<br />
are in Second Life, please contact the Support<br />
Specialist<br />
in-world or<br />
email.com”>vle@whitemouseproductions.com<br />
Support<br />
Assistance<br />
in Second<br />
Life<br />
4:00 am –<br />
12:00 pm<br />
eastern<br />
time,<br />
Monday-<br />
Friday<br />
10:00 am<br />
– 2:00 pm<br />
eastern<br />
time,<br />
Saturday-<br />
Sunday<br />
Phone<br />
Support:1-<br />
855-623-<br />
7013<br />
9:00 am –<br />
1:00 pm<br />
eastern<br />
Monday-<br />
Friday<br />
3:00 pm –<br />
9:00 pm<br />
eastern<br />
Monday-<br />
Friday<br />
STATION 1 — Points Possible = 20<br />
Find the ANA Code <strong>of</strong> Ethics book in the<br />
Medical Library; click and get the web link<br />
towww.nursingworld.org. Select from Provision<br />
1, 2, or 3. Bring content from the Provision you<br />
selected – discuss and report on the Provision<br />
you selected here. Reference the Provision you<br />
will discuss here; cite in proper APA format.<br />
ANSWER:<br />
As per the Code (ANA 2015) all registered<br />
nurses have a set <strong>of</strong> obligations and ethics that<br />
they have to follow. There are 9 prime<br />
responsibilities <strong>of</strong> the nurses with statements<br />
explaining the how these provisions are guided<br />
hereafter.<br />
These provisions came by in a scenario <strong>of</strong> Mrs.<br />
Williams who was severely ill but her condition<br />
had not been spoken <strong>of</strong> to their family members<br />
as well. Two nurses taking care <strong>of</strong> this patient<br />
Keisha and Kyle broke the patient<br />
confidentiality clause and spoke about the<br />
condition <strong>of</strong> Mrs. William in an elevator openly<br />
while her daughter who was unaware <strong>of</strong> the<br />
condition heard about her mother and broke
down.<br />
“PROVISION 1: The nurse practices with<br />
compassion and respect for the inherent<br />
dignity, worth, and unique attributes <strong>of</strong> every<br />
person” (Lachman, 2014 ).<br />
“Respect for human dignity.”In this case we<br />
have two nurses who despite being<br />
compassionate and maintaining a good<br />
relationship with the patient they disrespected<br />
her privacy and did not pay heed to the need<br />
for confidentiality.<br />
“Relationships with patients” The nurses were<br />
friendly in nature but not individuals to help<br />
build relationshipas they spoke indiscriminately<br />
about the patient in the elevator while the<br />
patients daughter heard upon them. This led to<br />
the relative getting anxious about the patient.<br />
“Nature <strong>of</strong> health.”In retrospect the nurses prior<br />
to being <strong>of</strong>f from duty should have ensured that<br />
the reports were delivered to the patients<br />
relatives. At the same time they should have<br />
made sure that the Doctor in charge and the<br />
surgeon had delivered the news <strong>of</strong> impending<br />
surgery and the worsening condition <strong>of</strong> Mrs.<br />
Williams to the family.<br />
“The right to self-determination.”It was crucial<br />
after the results were out to ensure that the<br />
discussion regarding the surgery and thereafter<br />
about what best next step was possible for the<br />
patient and all pros and cons should have been<br />
well discussed.<br />
American Nurses Association (ANA). (2015).<br />
Code <strong>of</strong> ethics for nurses with interpretive<br />
statements. Silver Spring, MD: Author.<br />
Lachman, V. D., Swanson, E. O. C., &Winland-<br />
Brown, J. (2014). The New ‘Code <strong>of</strong> Ethics for<br />
Nurses with Interpretive<br />
Statements’ (2015): Practical Clinical<br />
Application, Part<br />
I.nursingworld.or/”>http://www.nursingworld.org<br />
STATION 2 – Points Possible = 30<br />
Go to the<br />
City<br />
Government<br />
building and<br />
locate the
mayor. Click<br />
on him to get<br />
information<br />
about aabout<br />
a federal<br />
hurricane<br />
disaster plan<br />
disaster<br />
plan. Answer<br />
these 3<br />
questions:<br />
Where will<br />
this plan be<br />
used? Who<br />
will oversee<br />
the<br />
plan?Where<br />
was it used<br />
most<br />
recently in<br />
2013?Place<br />
your<br />
answers<br />
below and<br />
then<br />
continue to<br />
the next<br />
page <strong>of</strong> the<br />
worksheet to<br />
complete<br />
Station 2.<br />
ANSWER:<br />
Good<br />
morning sir, I<br />
am Dorinda<br />
looking for a<br />
few answers<br />
regarding<br />
your disaster<br />
management<br />
program for<br />
a school<br />
scavenger<br />
hunt<br />
1. Where will<br />
this plan be<br />
used? Post<br />
Hurricane
2. And who<br />
will oversee<br />
the plan?<br />
FEMA<br />
3. Can you<br />
tell me<br />
where has it<br />
been used in<br />
the past?<br />
Hurricane<br />
Sandy in<br />
2013 is the<br />
most<br />
successful<br />
illustration<br />
for this<br />
program.<br />
STATION 2 – continued<br />
Take<br />
picture/”selfie”<br />
with the<br />
mayor. To take<br />
a<br />
picture:choose<br />
your snapshot<br />
camera icon<br />
from your left<br />
toolbar. Then<br />
click on Save<br />
to Disk. Then<br />
from<br />
the highlighted<br />
green<br />
dropdown<br />
barchoose 320<br />
x 240and then<br />
click SAVE.<br />
Remember to<br />
save the<br />
photograph to<br />
your desktop<br />
to easily locate<br />
it. Copy and<br />
paste your<br />
photo in the<br />
box on the
next page.<br />
Step 1 Step 2<br />
Step 3<br />
STATION 2 – copy and paste your picture in this box<br />
STATION 3 – Points Possible = 30<br />
Find the<br />
board room in<br />
the Hospital<br />
Administration<br />
Building. Click<br />
on the CEO to<br />
receive<br />
information on<br />
a new cardiac<br />
wing. Answer<br />
these two<br />
questions:<br />
Who is the<br />
donor and<br />
what are the<br />
two next steps<br />
for hospital<br />
board project?<br />
Place your<br />
answers<br />
below.<br />
ANSWER:<br />
Greetings Sir,<br />
My Name is<br />
Dorinda and<br />
for a school<br />
project I need<br />
to gather data<br />
regarding the<br />
Cardiac wings<br />
put in place<br />
by your<br />
institution?<br />
1. May I ask<br />
who is the<br />
Donor? The<br />
cardiac wing<br />
was created<br />
through<br />
anonymous<br />
donor.
2. What are<br />
the next two<br />
steps for<br />
hospital board<br />
project? We<br />
hope to target<br />
next the<br />
opening <strong>of</strong> the<br />
Cardiac Wing<br />
as the<br />
completion <strong>of</strong><br />
the wing is<br />
due Jan 2017.<br />
STATION 4 – Points Possible = 30<br />
Locate the<br />
Smartroom in<br />
the<br />
Hospital/Urgent<br />
Care building.<br />
Find the patient<br />
sitting on the<br />
exam table;<br />
complete hand<br />
washing prior<br />
to interacting<br />
with the<br />
patient.<br />
You are now<br />
going to assess<br />
the patient for<br />
newly<br />
diagnosed prehypertension.<br />
Your patient<br />
has just had his<br />
blood pressure<br />
taken. Click on<br />
the blood<br />
pressure cuff to<br />
get his blood<br />
pressure. What<br />
is your patient’s<br />
BP? Now click<br />
on your patient<br />
to get answers<br />
to the following
questions:<br />
What is your<br />
diet? How<br />
many times a<br />
week do you<br />
exercise?<br />
Document your<br />
answers to ALL<br />
questions<br />
below.<br />
ANSWER:<br />
BP: 130/90<br />
Hello, I am<br />
Dorinda your<br />
nurse, I shall<br />
begin with<br />
checking your<br />
blood pressure<br />
followed by a<br />
couple <strong>of</strong><br />
questions in<br />
regards to your<br />
diet and<br />
exercise so as<br />
to help you get<br />
it under control<br />
will that be fine<br />
with you?<br />
1. What is your<br />
diet? Due to<br />
pressure<br />
issues my diet<br />
is that <strong>of</strong> low<br />
sodium<br />
consumption.<br />
2. How many<br />
times a week<br />
do you<br />
exercise?<br />
Currently I<br />
work out three<br />
times a week<br />
which is<br />
relatively<br />
higher than my<br />
regular<br />
schedule.<br />
STATION 5 – Points Possible = 30
STATION 5 – Points Possible = 30<br />
Go to the<br />
patient room on<br />
the first floor <strong>of</strong><br />
the<br />
Hospital/Urgent<br />
Care building.<br />
Observe the<br />
patient in bed<br />
hooked up to<br />
an EKG.Click<br />
on<br />
EKGmachine<br />
and determine<br />
whether the<br />
EKG findings is<br />
a normal or<br />
abnormal<br />
reading. If<br />
abnormal<br />
readingwho<br />
and whatwould<br />
you do next?<br />
Place your<br />
answer below.<br />
ANSWER:<br />
Greetings, how<br />
are you today, I<br />
am your nurse<br />
Dorinda. I am<br />
going to go<br />
through your<br />
vital signs<br />
today.<br />
HR-111, BP<br />
156/97, SPO2<br />
89<br />
First readjust<br />
the pulse ox<br />
and once again<br />
check for blood<br />
pressure, if<br />
reading<br />
remains the<br />
same than put<br />
the patient on<br />
oxygen
cannula to help<br />
them breathe<br />
as the oxygen<br />
level in body is<br />
low(2LNC, at<br />
this time is<br />
what I would<br />
put it on), while<br />
this takes place<br />
would call in<br />
my tech to run<br />
the EKG and<br />
apply IV. Draw<br />
blood and get<br />
labs and check<br />
electrolytes<br />
and cardiac<br />
enzymes, stat,<br />
(along with<br />
cultures,). This<br />
will be done<br />
keeping in<br />
mind the policy<br />
<strong>of</strong> the hospital.<br />
I shall continue<br />
conversing with<br />
the patient find<br />
out issues<br />
regarding pain,<br />
cardiac history<br />
and other<br />
chronic<br />
problems. To<br />
ask them<br />
regarding their<br />
previous visit to<br />
their local<br />
doctor and<br />
medications<br />
that they have<br />
been<br />
prescribed, and<br />
medications<br />
presently being<br />
taken. Lastly<br />
would contact<br />
their Dr. In<br />
chargeand
discuss if<br />
patient will be<br />
admitted to<br />
hospital.<br />
STATION 6 – Points Possible = 30<br />
Go to City Government Building. Find theinfectious disease department<br />
inPublic Health Office.<br />
Find the representative who most likely would be in charge <strong>of</strong> any Zika<br />
virus outbreak in the community.<br />
Click on the representative to get the web link to the CDC <strong>of</strong>fice<br />
providing oversight for Zika.<br />
Identify the correct type <strong>of</strong> mosquito and list three symptoms indicating<br />
infection. What test is required for diagnosis and what are the vaccine<br />
options? Place your answers below.<br />
ANSWER: Hi, I am Dorinda, I need some information regarding Zika<br />
virus.<br />
I would like to know if there is a web link which talks about this virus in<br />
detail? Yes there is follow the link<br />
below.cdc.gov/zika/index.html%20?”>http://www.cdc.gov/zika/index.html<br />
?<br />
1.What is the type <strong>of</strong> mosquito that carries the Zika virus? Zika is<br />
spread through the bite <strong>of</strong> infected Aedes species mosquito<br />
(Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus).<br />
2.What are the three symptoms indicating infection? Red Rashes,<br />
high fever combined with Joint pain.<br />
3.What test is required for diagnosis? The Zika virus can be<br />
confirmed through the blood or urine test.<br />
4.What are the vaccine options? Currently there are no specific<br />
options available.<br />
STATION 7 – Points Possible = 30<br />
Go to the<br />
Education<br />
classroom in the<br />
Hospital<br />
Administration<br />
Building; Take<br />
photo standing<br />
beside title slide<br />
only <strong>of</strong> PowerPoint<br />
presentation;<br />
Copy and paste<br />
your photo in the<br />
worksheet.Choose<br />
your snapshot
camera icon from<br />
your left toolbar.<br />
Then click<br />
on Save to Disk.<br />
Then from<br />
the highlighted<br />
green dropdown<br />
barchoose 320 x<br />
240and then click<br />
SAVE. Remember<br />
to save the<br />
photograph to<br />
your desktop to<br />
easily locate it.<br />
Copy and paste<br />
your photo in the<br />
box on the next<br />
page.<br />
Step 1 Step 2<br />
Step 3<br />
STATION 7 – copy and paste your photo below<br />
TOTAL POINTS POSSIBLE = 200<br />
Remember to: Save this worksheet<br />
as a MS Word document in the<br />
following format:<br />
YourName_<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong>_ScavengerHunt<br />
Place it in the Scavenger Hunt folder<br />
in the Drop Box in your course page<br />
by the end on Week 4 on Sunday at<br />
11:59 pm MT.<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 5 HealthIT Hot Topic <strong>of</strong> the Week Assignment<br />
<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong><br />
HealthIT Topic <strong>of</strong> Week Assignment<br />
Guidelineswith Scoring Rubric<br />
Purpose<br />
This assignment is designed to help students<br />
Develop an appreciation for informatics, basic skills and knowledge required in practice settings.Students<br />
will select a “hot” or popular topic <strong>of</strong> particular interest to their practice to discuss. The topic will be selected from the<br />
website using the link provided in the course Assignments section.<br />
<strong>Course</strong> Outcomes<br />
Through this assignment, the student will demonstrate the following ability.
(CO 6) Describe health information systems within healthcare setting and the pr<strong>of</strong>ession <strong>of</strong> nursing in all practice<br />
domains and settings including electronic health records (EHR), their management and patient-care information<br />
technology (IT). (PO 4)<br />
(CO 7) ExploretrendsandissuesinNIandtheirimpactonnursingpracticeinall domains.(POs9,11)<br />
Due Date:Sunday 11:59 p.m. MT at the end <strong>of</strong> Week 5.<br />
Total Points Possible: 125<br />
Requirements<br />
Students will login to FierceEMR and FierceHealthIT using the link provided in the course Assignments and select a<br />
“current/popular” topic <strong>of</strong> the week that may impact their practice. Students, in a pr<strong>of</strong>essionally developed paper, will<br />
discuss the rationale for choosing the topic, how it will impact practice in a positive or negative manner, citing pros<br />
and cons. Include a discussion <strong>of</strong> how informatics skills and knowledge were used in the process relevance to<br />
developing the assignment. In the conclusion, provide recommendations for the future. Submit completed<br />
FierceHealthIT Topic paper for Wk. 5 to dropbox by end <strong>of</strong> Week 5.<br />
Preparing the paper<br />
1. 1. TheFierceEMR and FierceHealthITCurrent/Popular Topic <strong>of</strong> the Week assignmentmust be a pr<strong>of</strong>essional,<br />
scholarly prepared paper. See the guidelines for writing a pr<strong>of</strong>essional, scholarly paper in the <strong>Course</strong> Resources. The<br />
pr<strong>of</strong>essional paper will have an introduction, body <strong>of</strong> paper to explain what you are doing, summary/conclusion, and<br />
at least three scholarly references.<br />
2. 2. Required texts may be used as references, but a minimum <strong>of</strong> three sources must be from outside <strong>of</strong><br />
course readings.<br />
3. 3. All aspects <strong>of</strong> the paper must be in APA format as expressed in the 6th edition.<br />
4. 4. The paper (excluding the title page, introduction and reference page) is 4-6 pages in length.<br />
5. 5. Ideas and information from pr<strong>of</strong>essional sources must be cited correctly.<br />
6. 6. Grammar, spelling, punctuation, and citations are consistent with formal academic writing<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 6 Narrated PowerPoint Presentation Assignment<br />
<br />
<br />
PowerPoint Presentation (PPT) Assignment<br />
Guidelineswith Scoring Rubric<br />
Purpose<br />
This assignment is designed to help students<br />
Develop an appreciation for informatics, basic skills and knowledge required in practice settings.Students<br />
selected a popular topic <strong>of</strong> particular interest to their practice to discuss in week 5. This week student will develop<br />
a narrated slide PowerPoint (PPT) presentation <strong>of</strong> 8-10 slides summarizing the assignment.<br />
Refer to the PowerPoint sample template in <strong>Course</strong> Resources.<br />
<strong>Course</strong> Outcomes<br />
Through this assignment, the student will demonstrate the following ability.<br />
(CO 6) Describe health information systems within healthcare setting and the pr<strong>of</strong>ession <strong>of</strong> nursing in all practice<br />
domains and settings including electronic health records (EHR), their management and patient-care information<br />
technology (IT). (PO 4)<br />
(CO 7) ExploretrendsandissuesinNIandtheirimpactonnursingpracticeinall domains.(POs9,11)<br />
Due Date:Sunday 11:59 p.m. MT at the end <strong>of</strong> Week 6.<br />
Total Points Possible: 150<br />
Requirements<br />
The FierceEMR and FierceHealthIT topics <strong>of</strong> the week assignment for week 5 will be summarized in 8-<br />
10narratedslides for week 6. Studentswillsummarize the rationale for choosing the topic, how it will impact practice in<br />
a positive or negative manner, including pros and cons. Include discussion <strong>of</strong> how informatics skills and knowledge
were applied in the process relevance to developing the assignment. In the conclusion, provide recommendations for<br />
the future. Submit completed FierceHealthIT Hot Topic narrated PPTassignment to dropbox by end <strong>of</strong> Week 6.<br />
Preparing the Presentation<br />
1.TheFierceEMR and FierceHealthIT Topic <strong>of</strong> the Week is a recap <strong>of</strong> the assignment from Wk.5 andmust be a<br />
pr<strong>of</strong>essional, scholarly prepared PowerPoint narrated presentation <strong>of</strong> 8-10 Including at least three scholarly<br />
references.<br />
2.You should have at least 8-10 slides. It is important to note that if you could not give your presentation and<br />
someone would have to stand in for you, he or she would need to know what you were going to say. Use the<br />
speaker-notes section so that someone may step in for you and not miss a beat.<br />
3.Maintain the 6x6x6 rule for a pr<strong>of</strong>essional PowerPoint presentation. No more than 6 lines per slide, 6 words per<br />
line, and 6 slides without a graphic.<br />
4.All aspects <strong>of</strong> the presentation must be in APA format as expressed in the 6th edition.<br />
5. 5. Ideas and information from pr<strong>of</strong>essional sources must be cited correctly.<br />
6. 6. Grammar, spelling, punctuation, and citations are consistent with formal academic writing.<br />
<strong>NR</strong><strong>512</strong> Week 2 <strong>Informatics</strong> Key Terms Quiz<br />
Question 1. Question :<br />
(TCO 1) Match the <strong>Informatics</strong> Key terms with their definition.<br />
3<br />
: Wisdom » 3 : Knowledge applied in a practical manner<br />
2<br />
: Cognitive science » 1 : Foundational science for informatics that looks at how the human mind works<br />
5<br />
: Electronic health record » 5 : Longitudinal record <strong>of</strong> one’s health and treatment interventions<br />
7<br />
: National Health Information Infrastructure » 7 : An initiative to improve healthcare quality, efficiency, and<br />
effectiveness by making healthcare information available when and where it is needed through technology,<br />
standards, interoperability, governance, and cooperation<br />
1<br />
: Cognitive informatics » 2 : Emerging field <strong>of</strong> study that focuses upon how information is processed both in the<br />
human mind and the computer<br />
6<br />
: Information science » 6 : Foundational science for informatics that looks at the application and use <strong>of</strong> information<br />
and knowledge in organizations and the interface between people, organizations, and information systems<br />
4<br />
: Artificial intelligence » 4 : Field or application that attempts to capture human thought processes and intelligence<br />
Question 2. Question :<br />
(TCO 1) Match the <strong>Informatics</strong> Key terms with their definition.<br />
2<br />
: Electronic medical record » 2 : An online record <strong>of</strong> treatment, typically limited to one episode, whether that might be<br />
an emergency room or clinic visit or a hospital stay<br />
7<br />
: Knowledge work » 7 : Process that generates information and knowledge as a product<br />
3<br />
: Health information exchange » 3 : The process <strong>of</strong> electronic transmission or sharing <strong>of</strong> healthcare information or an<br />
organization that organizes and oversees the transmission process
6<br />
: Information system » 6 : The people, data, actions, and components used to create information for a user or<br />
organization<br />
4<br />
: Knowledge » 4 : Processed information which places relationships in context<br />
5<br />
: Data » 5 : Raw fact without meaning in itself<br />
1<br />
: Computer science » 1 : Foundational science for informatics that looks at the theory underlying information and<br />
computation and their implementation in computer systems