Tafseer Usool at-Tafseer
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T<br />
BOOKS OF TAFSEER<br />
he books of tafseer have been divided into two general c<strong>at</strong>egories according<br />
to the emphasis of their authors in their explan<strong>at</strong>ions. The tafseers of those<br />
who restricted their expla-n<strong>at</strong>ions to transmitting wh<strong>at</strong> was explained in the<br />
Qur’aan or st<strong>at</strong>ed by the Prophet (r), his companions, and their students were<br />
referred to as tafseer bir-riwaayah or tafseer bil-ma’thoor (tafseer according to<br />
transmission). The authors of such tafseers also avoided unfounded interpret<strong>at</strong>ions<br />
and unnecessary expla-n<strong>at</strong>ions and always accepted authentic narr<strong>at</strong>ions. This is<br />
not to say th<strong>at</strong> such tafseers are totally free of personal judgment and opinion, for<br />
any tafseer, of necessity, must reflect the opinion of the individual who compiles<br />
it. But in this case, personal opinion was kept to a minimum.<br />
On the other hand, those tafseers in which the authors often relied on their<br />
personal opinions for explan<strong>at</strong>ions, inter-pret<strong>at</strong>ions and deductions were called<br />
tafseer bid-diraayah or tafseer bir-ra’y (tafseer according to opinion). In some of<br />
these types of tafseers, narr<strong>at</strong>ed explan<strong>at</strong>ions from the Prophet (r), the<br />
sahaabah,and their students (taabi‘oon) are mentioned prior to personal<br />
interpret<strong>at</strong>ion, and the deductions or opinions are in agreement with narr<strong>at</strong>ed<br />
explan<strong>at</strong>ions, gramm<strong>at</strong>ical rules, and lexical meanings, while in others there is a<br />
partial or even total disregard for narr<strong>at</strong>ed explan<strong>at</strong>ions, gramm<strong>at</strong>ical rules, and<br />
word meanings. <strong>Tafseer</strong>s of the first type are acceptable, while those based mostly<br />
or solely on unfounded opinion are considered heretical or bordering on heresy.<br />
Allaah and His Prophet (r) have expressly forbidden unfounded explan<strong>at</strong>ions of<br />
the Qur’aan. For example, it was forbidden in the verse,<br />
(<br />
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