The Complete Book of Spaceflight: From Apollo 1 to Zero Gravity

430 Tenma
Telstar Telstar 1, the first active-repeater communications
satellite. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Telstar Series
quarter of 2002 to provide expanded C-band, Ku-band,
and Ka-band coverage for North and South America.
(See table, “Telstar Series.”)
Tenma
A Japanese X-ray astronomy satellite, launched by ISAS
(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science). It carried
detectors developed at the Goddard Space Flight Center
with a greater energy resolution (by a factor of two)
than proportional counters and performed the first sensitive
measurements of the iron spectral region for many
cosmic sources. Tenma (“Pegasus”) was known before
launch as Astro-B. It stopped operating in October 1985.
Launch
Date: February 20, 1983
Vehicle: M-3S
Site: Kagoshima
Orbit: 497 × 503 km × 32°
Tereshkova, Valentina Vladimirovna (1937–)
A Soviet cosmonaut who became the first woman in
space. Tereshkova was born in Maslennikovo, near
Yaroslavl in western Russia. Her father was a tractor
driver and her mother worked in a textile plant.
Tereshkova began school at age 8, but she withdrew to
work in the same factory as her mother at age 16. She
continued her education through correspondence
courses, during which time she parachuted as a hobby.
When Tereshkova was selected for the Soviet space program
in 1962, she became the first person to be recruited
Spacecraft Date
Launch
Vehicle Site Orbit Mass (kg)
Telstar 1 Jul. 10, 1962 Delta B Cape Canaveral 945 × 5,643 km × 45° 77
Telstar 2 May 7, 1963 Delta B Cape Canaveral 972 × 10,802 km × 43° 79
Telstar 3A Jul. 28, 1983 Delta 3925 Cape Canaveral GSO at 76° W 625
Telstar 3C Aug. 30, 1984 Shuttle STS-41 Cape Canaveral GSO at 125° W 625
Telstar 3D Jun. 17, 1985 Shuttle STS-51 Cape Canaveral GSO at 76° W 630
Telstar 401 Dec. 16, 1993 Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral GSO at 97° W 3,375
Telstar 402 Sep. 9, 1994 Ariane 421 Kourou Lost in orbit 3,485
Telstar 402R Sep. 24, 1995 Ariane 421 Kourou GSO at 89° W 3,410
Telstar 5 May 24, 1997 Proton 2KDM4 CK Baikonur GSO at 97° W 3,500
Telstar 6 Feb. 15, 1999 Proton 2KDM3 CK Baikonur GSO at 93° W 3,700