java_tutorial

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Java About the Tutorial Java is a high-level programming language originally developed by Sun Microsystems and released in 1995. Java runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX. This tutorial gives a complete understanding of Java. This reference will take you through simple and practical approaches while learning Java Programming language. Audience This tutorial has been prepared for the beginners to help them understand the basic to advanced concepts related to Java Programming language. Prerequisites Before you start practicing various types of examples given in this reference, we assume that you are already aware about computer programs and computer programming languages. Execute Java Online For most of the examples given in this tutorial, you will find a ‘Try it’ option, which you can use to execute your Java programs at the spot and enjoy your learning. Try following the example using the ‘Try it’ option available at the top right corner of the following sample code box − public class MyFirstJavaProgram { } public static void main(String []args) { } System.out.println("Hello World"); i
Java Table of Contents About the Tutorial ............................................................................................................................................ i Audience ........................................................................................................................................................... i Prerequisites ..................................................................................................................................................... i Execute Java Online .......................................................................................................................................... i Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................ ii JAVA – BASICS ............................................................................................................................. 1 1. Java – Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 2 History of Java ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Tools You Will Need ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Try It Option .................................................................................................................................................... 4 What is Next? .................................................................................................................................................. 4 2. Java - Environment Setup ......................................................................................................................... 5 Try it Option Online ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Local Environment Setup ................................................................................................................................. 5 Popular Java Editors ........................................................................................................................................ 6 What is Next? .................................................................................................................................................. 6 3. Java – Basic Syntax .................................................................................................................................... 7 First Java Program ........................................................................................................................................... 7 Basic Syntax ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 Java Identifiers ................................................................................................................................................. 9 Java Modifiers.................................................................................................................................................. 9 Java Variables .................................................................................................................................................. 9 Java Arrays ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 Java Enums .................................................................................................................................................... 10 Java Keywords ............................................................................................................................................... 10 Comments in Java .......................................................................................................................................... 11 Using Blank Lines ........................................................................................................................................... 12 Inheritance .................................................................................................................................................... 12 Interfaces ....................................................................................................................................................... 12 What is Next? ................................................................................................................................................ 12 4. Java – Objects & Classes.......................................................................................................................... 13 Objects in Java ............................................................................................................................................... 13 Classes in Java ................................................................................................................................................ 14 Constructors .................................................................................................................................................. 14 How to Use Singleton Class? ......................................................................................................................... 15 Creating an Object ......................................................................................................................................... 17 Accessing Instance Variables and Methods ................................................................................................... 18 Source File Declaration Rules ........................................................................................................................ 20 Java Package .................................................................................................................................................. 20 Import Statements ........................................................................................................................................ 21 A Simple Case Study ...................................................................................................................................... 21 What is Next? ................................................................................................................................................ 23 ii
Page 4 and 5: Java 5. Java - Basic Datatypes ....
Page 6 and 7: Java Java - String Buffer delete()
Page 8 and 9: Java File Class ...................
Page 10 and 11: Java The Dictionary Class .........
Page 12 and 13: Java - Basics
Page 14 and 15: Java Distributed: Java is designe
Page 16 and 17: 2. Java - Environment Setup Java In
Page 18 and 19: 3. Java - Basic Syntax Java When we
Page 20 and 21: Java Java Identifiers All Java comp
Page 22 and 23: Java class const continue default d
Page 24 and 25: 4. Java - Objects & Classes Java Ja
Page 26 and 27: Java Each time a new object is crea
Page 28 and 29: Java This will produce the followin
Page 30 and 31: Java Example This example explains
Page 32 and 33: Java Import Statements In Java if a
Page 34 and 35: Java Now, compile both the classes
Page 36 and 37: Java Example: short s = 10000, sho
Page 38 and 39: Java Prefix 0 is used to indicate o
Page 40 and 41: 6. Java - Variable Types Java A var
Page 46 and 47: 7. Java - Modifier Types Java Modif
Page 48 and 49: Java Protected Access Modifier - Pr
Page 50 and 51: Java private static void addInstanc
Page 52 and 53:
Java The Abstract Modifier Abstract
Page 54 and 55:
Java Example public class MyRunnabl
Page 56 and 57:
8. Java - Basic Operators Java Java
Page 58 and 59:
Java // Check the difference in d++
Page 60 and 61:
Java This will produce the followin
Page 62 and 63:
Java Example The following program
Page 64 and 65:
Java Example The following simple e
Page 66 and 67:
Java 9 &= Bitwise AND assignment op
Page 68 and 69:
Java c /= a = 1 c %= a = 5 c = 2 =
Page 70 and 71:
Java Precedence of Java Operators O
Page 72 and 73:
Java While Loop in Java A while loo
Page 74 and 75:
Java Syntax The syntax of a for loo
Page 76 and 77:
Java } This will produce the follow
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Java Expression: This evaluates to
Page 84 and 85:
Java nested if statements You can u
Page 86 and 87:
Java Flow Diagram Example public cl
Page 88 and 89:
Java } } This will produce the foll
Page 90 and 91:
Java A switch statement can have a
Page 92 and 93:
Java What is Next? In the next chap
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Java 17 sqrt() Returns the square r
Page 98 and 99:
Java // Returns double primitive da
Page 100 and 101:
Java Example public class Test{ pub
Page 102 and 103:
Java Java - toString() Method Descr
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Java } } System.out.println(Math.fl
Page 108 and 109:
Java } } System.out.println(Math.ri
Page 110 and 111:
Java Return Value This method retu
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
12. Java - Character Class Java Nor
Page 128 and 129:
Java Character Methods Following is
Page 130 and 131:
Java Example public class Test { }
Page 132 and 133:
Java Example public class Test{ } p
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Java The StringBuilder class was in
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Java Parameters Here is the detail
Page 146 and 147:
Java 11 void setLength(int newLengt
Page 148 and 149:
Java Using String's static format()
Page 150 and 151:
Java 15 int hashCode() Returns a ha
Page 152 and 153:
Java 35 boolean startsWith(String p
Page 154 and 155:
Java Java - String compareTo(Object
Page 156 and 157:
Java } } result = str3.compareTo( s
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Java Example public class Test { pu
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Java Parameters Here is the detail
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Java } } }catch( Exception ex){ } S
Page 170 and 171:
Java Example import java.io.*; publ
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Java fromIndex -- the index to sta
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Java Return Value Example This met
Page 182 and 183:
Java System.out.println(Str1.region
Page 184 and 185:
Java Java - String replace() Method
Page 186 and 187:
Java Java - String replaceFirst() M
Page 188 and 189:
Java } } System.out.println(retval)
Page 190 and 191:
Java } } System.out.println(retval)
Page 192 and 193:
Java } } System.out.println(Str.sta
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Java Syntax Here is the syntax of t
Page 198 and 199:
Java Java - String toLowerCase() Me
Page 200 and 201:
Java Java - String toString() Metho
Page 202 and 203:
Java Syntax Here is the syntax of t
Page 204 and 205:
Java valueOf(char[] data, int
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Java The above statement does two t
Page 210 and 211:
Java The foreach Loops JDK 1.5 intr
Page 212 and 213:
Java public static void fill(int[]
Page 214 and 215:
Java 5 int compareTo(Object obj) Op
Page 216 and 217:
Java Simple DateFormat Format Codes
Page 218 and 219:
Java } } // display time and date u
Page 220 and 221:
Java I Two-digit hour (with leading
Page 222 and 223:
Java } } } catch (Exception e) { }
Page 224 and 225:
Java 5 GregorianCalendar(Locale aLo
Page 226 and 227:
Java void roll(int field, boolean u
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Java Example Following example illu
Page 232 and 233:
Java re? Matches 0 or 1 occurrence
Page 234 and 235:
Java Methods of the Matcher Class H
Page 236 and 237:
Java The start and end Methods Foll
Page 238 and 239:
Java } } System.out.println("lookin
Page 240 and 241:
Java PatternSyntaxException Class M
Page 242 and 243:
Java Parameter List: The list of
Page 244 and 245:
Java Example public class ExampleVo
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Java } } You will need to call a co
Page 252 and 253:
Java this(); } //Assigning the loca
Page 254 and 255:
Java } } System.out.println("The ma
Page 256 and 257:
Java out = new FileOutputStream("ou
Page 258 and 259:
Java Standard Streams All the progr
Page 260 and 261:
Java The two important streams are
Page 262 and 263:
Java This method reads upto len num
Page 264 and 265:
Java DataInputStream The DataInputS
Page 266 and 267:
Java FileOutputStream FileOutputStr
Page 268 and 269:
Java public String toString() 3 Con
Page 270 and 271:
Java DataOutputStream The DataOutpu
Page 272 and 273:
Java Example Following is the examp
Page 274 and 275:
Java 3 public File getParentFile()
Page 276 and 277:
Java 18 public String[] list(Filena
Page 278 and 279:
Java Example Following is an exampl
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Java Writes a portion of an array o
Page 284 and 285:
Java Listing Directories You can us
Page 286 and 287:
Java If you try to compile the abov
Page 288 and 289:
Java IllegalMonitorStateException I
Page 290 and 291:
Java Catching Exceptions A method c
Page 292 and 293:
Java return -1; }catch(FileNotFound
Page 294 and 295:
Java Example public class ExcepTest
Page 296 and 297:
Java try(FileReader fr=new FileRead
Page 298 and 299:
Java To demonstrate using our user-
Page 300 and 301:
Java Sorry, but you are short $200.
Page 302 and 303:
Java Inner Classes (Non-static Nest
Page 304 and 305:
Java } } Outer_Demo.Inner_Demo inne
Page 306 and 307:
Java Anonymous Inner Class as Argum
Page 308 and 309:
Java 297
Page 310 and 311:
Java Java - Object Oriented 299
Page 312 and 313:
Java Copy and paste the following p
Page 314 and 315:
Java Differentiating the Members If
Page 316 and 317:
Java Invoking Superclass Constructo
Page 318 and 319:
Java Now, if we consider the IS-A r
Page 320 and 321:
Page 322 and 323:
22. Java - Overriding Java In the p
Page 324 and 325:
Java } } b.bark(); This will produc
Page 326 and 327:
23. Java - Polymorphism Java Polymo
Page 328 and 329:
Java } public void setAddress(Strin
Page 330 and 331:
Java mailCheck() on e is quite diff
Page 332 and 333:
Java { System.out.println("Construc
Page 334 and 335:
Java Inheriting the Abstract Class
Page 336 and 337:
Java You have to place the abstr
Page 338 and 339:
Java public void setAge( int newAge
Page 340 and 341:
26. Java - Interfaces Java An inter
Page 342 and 343:
Java A class uses the implements ke
Page 344 and 345:
Java The Hockey interface has four
Page 346 and 347:
Java Following package example cont
Page 348 and 349:
Java What happens if the Employee c
Page 350 and 351:
Java Like the .java source files, t
Page 352 and 353:
28. Java - Data Structures Java The
Page 354 and 355:
Page 356 and 357:
Java 10 void flip(int startIndex, i
Page 358 and 359:
Java // set some bits for(int i=0;
Page 360 and 361:
Java This constructor accepts an ar
Page 362 and 363:
Java 17 Object get(int index) Retur
Page 364 and 365:
Java 36 void setSize(int newSize) S
Page 366 and 367:
Page 368 and 369:
Java static void showpop(Stack st)
Page 370 and 371:
Java boolean isEmpty( ) 3 Returns t
Page 372 and 373:
Java Object put(Object k, Object v)
Page 374 and 375:
Java Hashtable(int size, float fill
Page 376 and 377:
Page 378 and 379:
Java Apart from the methods defined
Page 380 and 381:
Page 382 and 383:
Java The Collection Interfaces The
Page 384 and 385:
Java boolean equals(Object obj) 6 7
Page 386 and 387:
Java } } //HashMap Map m1 = new Has
Page 388 and 389:
Java Example The above interface ha
Page 390 and 391:
Java Example Set has its implementa
Page 392 and 393:
Java Example SortedSet have its imp
Page 394 and 395:
Java 7 8 int hashCode( ) Returns th
Page 396 and 397:
Page 398 and 399:
Java Example SortedMap has its impl
Page 400 and 401:
Java } } Vector dayNames = new Vect
Page 402 and 403:
Java 10 AbstractMap Implements most
Page 404 and 405:
Java Object get(int index) 10 Retur
Page 406 and 407:
Java // remove elements from the li
Page 408 and 409:
Java 6 Object clone() Returns a sha
Page 410 and 411:
Java } } // display the array list
Page 412 and 413:
Java 5 6 7 8 boolean isEmpty() Retu
Page 414 and 415:
Java LinkedHashSet hs = new LinkedH
Page 416 and 417:
Java 11 12 13 Object last() Returns
Page 418 and 419:
Java 3 4 5 boolean containsKey(Obje
Page 420 and 421:
Page 422 and 423:
Java 14 15 Object remove(Object key
Page 424 and 425:
Java Following is the list of const
Page 426 and 427:
Java } }; Thread t = new Thread(run
Page 428 and 429:
Java // Put elements to the map lhm
Page 430 and 431:
Java Apart from the methods inherit
Page 432 and 433:
Java } } } System.out.println(); //
Page 434 and 435:
Java 4 Vector(Collection c) Creates
Page 436 and 437:
Java 24 int lastIndexOf(Object elem
Page 438 and 439:
Java v.addElement(new Integer(4));
Page 440 and 441:
Page 442 and 443:
Java 4 Enumeration keys( ) Returns
Page 444 and 445:
Java 13 int size( ) Returns the num
Page 446 and 447:
Java boolean containsKey(Object key
Page 448 and 449:
Page 450 and 451:
Java Set states; String str; capita
Page 452 and 453:
Java boolean equals(Object bitSet)
Page 454 and 455:
Java System.out.println("Initial pa
Page 456 and 457:
Java 5 static void fill(List list,
Page 458 and 459:
Java 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 static
Page 460 and 461:
Java How to Use an Iterator ? Often
Page 462 and 463:
Java int previousIndex( ) 7 Returns
Page 464 and 465:
Page 466 and 467:
Java public class Example{ public s
Page 468 and 469:
Java Example Following example illu
Page 470 and 471:
Java return max; // returns the lar
Page 472 and 473:
31. Java - Serialization Java Java
Page 474 and 475:
Java } } System.out.printf("Seriali
Page 476 and 477:
32. Java - Networking Java The term
Page 478 and 479:
Java Returns the port of the URL. 5
Page 480 and 481:
Java URLConnections Class Methods T
Page 482 and 483:
Java } { } try { URL url = new URL(
Page 484 and 485:
Java ServerSocket Class Methods The
Page 486 and 487:
Java public Socket() 5 Creates an u
Page 488 and 489:
Java { String serverName = args[0];
Page 490 and 491:
Java } { System.out.println("Socket
Page 492 and 493:
Java // Get system properties Prope
Page 494 and 495:
Java // Assuming you are sending em
Page 496 and 497:
Java try{ // Create a default MimeM
Page 498 and 499:
34. Java - Multithreading Java Java
Page 500 and 501:
Java void start( ); Example Here is
Page 502 and 503:
Java Step 1 You will need to overri
Page 504 and 505:
Java Thread: Thread-2, 2 Thread: Th
Page 506 and 507:
Java Example The following ThreadCl
Page 508 and 509:
Java System.out.println("Starting t
Page 510 and 511:
Java Multithreading Example without
Page 512 and 513:
Java Counter --- 3 Counter --- 2 Co
Page 514 and 515:
Java This produces the same result
Page 516 and 517:
Java public T1(Chat m1) { this.m =
Page 518 and 519:
Java } synchronized (Lock2) { Syste
Page 520 and 521:
Java } } } } synchronized (Lock2) {
Page 522 and 523:
Java } } catch (InterruptedExceptio
Page 524 and 525:
Java Thread: Thread-2, 7 Suspending
Page 526 and 527:
Java destroy: This method is only
Page 528 and 529:
Java Example HTML applet Tag
Page 530 and 531:
Java Not valid in base, br, frame,
Page 532 and 533:
Java onresize onstorage onundo onun
Page 534 and 535:
Java Media Events Following tags ha
Page 536 and 537:
Java Getting Applet Parameters The
Page 538 and 539:
Java Following are the specific ste
Page 540 and 541:
Java public void mouseExited(MouseE
Page 542 and 543:
Java Playing Audio An applet can pl
Page 544 and 545:
36. Java - Documentation Comments J
Page 546 and 547:
Java @exception Adds a Throws subhe
Page 548 and 549:
Java /** * This is the main method
show all

java_tutorial

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?