United States yearbook - 1940 (1)

Oppjl
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
JESSE H. JONES, Se c r eta r y
Bl/EEAU OF THE CENSUS
VERGIL D. REED, Acting D irector
STATISTICAL ABSTRACT
OF THE
UNITED STATES
1940
SIXTY-SECOND NUMBER
C O U PILHD U N D ER T H E S U P E R V IS IO N OP
L kY eiine Bisamcs
Chief Statistician, Territorial, Insular, and Foreign Statistics
By K a th le e n II. D u g an , Editor
the Census
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1941
F o r sale by the Superintendent o f D ocum ents, W ashington, D, C.
Price $1.50 (Buckram)

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
D epartment op C ommerce,
B u re a u op th e C ensus,
Washington, D. G., February 18, 1941 ■
Sir: I have the honor to submit herewith for publication the sixtysecond
issue of the Statistical Abstract of the United States. This
annual volume is a compilation of authoritative statistics relating
to the social and economic condition of the population and to the
industrial, commercial, and governmental activities of the Nation.
It is designed to serve as a convenient reference work for businessmen,
economists, statisticians, students, and others who may have need
of a statistical compendium covering a wide range of subjects.
The present volume was prepared in the Division of Territorial,
Insular, and Foreign Statistics, of this Bureau, under the supervision
of Kathleen H. Dugan, editor, and under the administrative direction
of LeVerne Beales, Chief Statistician for the Division.
The first 34 issues of the Abstract were prepared and published by
the Bureau of Statistics, originally a bureau of the Treasury Department
and later of the Department of Commerce and Labor; the next
25 by the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, now of the
Department of Commerce; and subsequent issues by the Bureau of
the Census.
The statistical tables contained in the Abstract are compilations of
data collected by the various statistical agencies of the Federal
Government, by several State agencies, and by a considerable number
of nongovernmental organizations. M any of these agencies have
rendered valuable assistance not only in supplying advance data but
also in the actual preparation of tables for inclusion in the Abstract.
Special mention on this account is due the following-named agencies
of the Federal Government: The Bureau of Foreign and Domestic
Commerce, the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation, and
the Weather Bureau, of the Department of Commerce; the Bureau of
Agricultural Economics, the Agricultural Marketing Service, the
Office of Foreign Agricultural Relations, the Farm Credit Administration,
and the Forest Service, of the Department of Agriculture; the
Office of Education and the Social Security Board, of the Federal
Security Agency; the Bureau of Fisheries, the General Land Office,
the Bureau of Mines, and the National Park Service, of the D epartment
of the Interior; the Immigration and Naturalization Service, of the
Department of Justice; the Bureau of Labor Statistics, of the Department
of Labor; the Bureau of Customs and the Bureau of Internal
Revenue, of the Treasury Department; the Federal Communications
Commission; the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;
the Interstate Commerce Commission; the Railroad RetirementBoard;
the United States Maritime Commission; and the Veterans’ Administration.
Respectfully,
Vergil D. R eed,
Acting Director oj the Census.
To Hon. J esse H. J ones,
Secretary oj Commerce.
n

CONTENTS
1. AREA AND POPULATION
Table
Page
1. Territorial expansion of continental United States and acquisitions of outlying Territories and
possessions.....................................................................................- ....................................................... 1
2. Area, by States: 1930.................................... 1
3. Area and population of continental United States: 1790 to 1940..................................................... 2
4. Population of continental United States and outlying Territories and possessions: 1920,1930, and
1940.......... 2
5. Population, by States: 1940 (preliminary figures).......................................................... 3
0. Population of cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants: 1040 (preliminary figures)____ ____________ 3
7. Population, by States: 1790 to 1930........ 4
8. Population per square mile, by States: 1800 to 1930........................................ ......... 6
9. Population, for urban size groups and for rural territory: 1900 to 1 9 3 0 .____ 7
10. Population of places with 8,000 inhabitants or more: 1790 to 1930_............................. ...... 7
11. Population, urban and rural, by States: 1910 to 1930......... 8
12. Population on farms and in rural areas other than farms, by States: 1920 and 1930________ 9
13. Population, estimated as of July 1, by States: 1928 to 1937.......... 10
14. Population, estimated as of July 1, for continental United States, 1850 to 1938, and for certain
outlying Territories and possessions, 1910 to 1938-........................................... 11
15. Population, by race and nativity, by sex, continental United States: 1930 and earlier years.......... 11
10. Population, by sex, by race or nationality, and nativity, by States: 1920 and 1930. ............ 12
17. Population, by race, by States: 1880 to 1930.................................. 14
18. Population, by race or nationality, nativity, and parentage, by States; 1020 and 1930.................... 16
19. Population, by race, nativity, and parentage—Percent distribution, by States; 1910 to 1930.......... 18
20. Population, by race or nationality, nativity, and parentage, continental United States: 1870 to
1930........................................................................................................................ 19
21. Population, urban and rural, by race, nativity, and parentage, by sex and age groups, continental
United States: 1930................................................................................. -. 20
22. Population—Median ago, by race, nativity, and sex, continental United States; 1920 and 1930... 21
23. Population, by sox, race, nativity, parentage, and age groups, for Alaska and Hawaii, 1910, 1920,
and 1030, and for Puerto Rico, 1920, 1930, and 1935................... 21
24. Population, by race, nativity, and parentage, for cities having, in 1930, over 50,000 inhabitants:
1920 and 1930........... 22
25. Population, foreign-born white, by country of birth, by States; 1930............................... 28
20. Population, foreign-bom, by country of birth, continental United States: 1880 to 1930..... 32
27. Population, foreign-born white, by country of birth, continental United States: 1920 and 1930___ 33
28. Population, foreign-born white, urban and rural, by country of birth, continental United States:
1930...................................................'...................... 33
29. Population, foreign-born white, by mother tongue, continental United States: 1920 and 1930....... 34
30. Population, foreign-born white 21 years of age and over—Citizenship status, by sex, by country
of birth, continental United States: 1930.................................................................................. _........ 35
31. Population 21 years of age and over, by race, nativity, parentage, and sex, and males 18 to 44 years
of age, by States: 1930................................ 30
32. Population, by age groups, by States: 1930............ 38
33. Population, by age groups—Percent distribution, by States: 1930....................................................... 40
34. Population, by race, nativity, parertage, and sex, by age groups, continental United States: 1930. 41
35. Marital status, by sex, by States: 1930................................................................................................... 42
36. Marital status, by sex, race, nativity, and parentage, continental United States: 1920 and 1930__ 44
37. Marital status, by sex, race, nativity, and parentage, for urban and rural population, continental
United States: 1930........................-.............. 45
38. Dwellings, by size, and families, by home tenure, for urban and rural areas, continental United
States: 1920andl930..................................... ............ -............... 45
39. Families, by home tenure and size of family, by States............... 40
40. Families, by race and nativity of head, and dwellings, by class, by States: 1930........... .................. 47
41. Families, by size, by number of children under 10 years of age, and by number of gainful workers
(including those temporarily unemployed): 1030............................................................................... 48
I II

IV
CONTENTS
Table
Pase
42. Homes, nonfarm, by value or monthly rental, by race and nativity of head of family, for the
United States: 1930-................... --------- 48
43. Homes, nonfarm, owned, by value groups, by States: 1930.......................................- .................... — 49
44. Homes, farm, owned, by value groups, by States: 1930.................................................-.................... 60
45. Homes, nonfarm, rented, by monthly-rental groups, by States: 1930................................................. 61
46. Homes, farm, tenant, by valuo groups, by States: 1930.......................-.............................................. 62
47. Illiteracy of persons 10 years of age and over, by race, nativity, and sex, by geographic divisions:
1930...........................................-........................................................................................................... 63
48. Illiteracy of persons 10 years of age and over and 21 years of age and over, by race, nativity, and
sex, by States: 1930.......-........ -....................-............ 64
49. Illiteracy—Percent distribution for table 48............-.....................— ...........................------- 66
60. Population 10 years of age and over—Total and number gainfully occupied, by sex and age, continental
United States: 1920 and 1930______ -..... -........................................................ _........ 56
51. Gainful workers 10 years of ago and over, by sex and age groups, by race and nativity, and by
occupation groups, continental United States: 1930................................................ 56
62, Gainful workers 10 years of age and over, by sex, by occupation groups, by States: 1930................. 58
53. Gainful workers 10 years of age and over, by sex, by States: 1020 and 1930............ 60
64. Gainful workers 10 years of age and over, by occupation groups, by sex, continental United States:
1920 and 1930-........— -....................................................................................................................... 61
66. Gainful workers 10 years of age and over, by occupation, by sex, continental United States: 1920
and 1930......... -------------- 61
66. Religious bodies—Denominations, by number of churches and by membership: 1926 and 1936___ 71
67. Religious bodies—Value of church edifices, expenditures, and number and membership of Sunday
schools: 1936--------------- 72
2. DEFECTIVES AND DELINQUENTS
68. Mental patients, mental defectives, and epileptics in State institutions, and prisoners in State
and Federal prisons and reformatories: 1910 to 1939.......................................... 73
69. Movement of patient population In hospitals for mental disease and in institutions for mental
defectives and epileptics: 1936, 1937, and 1938................... 73
60. Patients in hospitals for mental disease and In institutions for mental defectives and epileptics,
by States: 1938......................— ~ .............................................. -............ 74
61. First admissions to hospitals for mental disease, by psychosis, by sex: 1937 and 1938....................... 76
62. Patients with psychosis in Stato hospitals for mental disease—Discharges and deaths, by psychosis:
1937 and 1938........................................................................ 76
63. First admissions to State hospitals for mental disease, patients yrith psychosis only—By sex and
age groups: 1937andl938..................................................-................................................... 76
64. First admissions to institutions for mental defectives and epileptics—By sex, mental status, and
typoofepilepsy: 1937 and 1938............................................. -............................... 76
65. Prisoners in State and Federal prisons and reformatories—Received from courts, by color, nativity,
age groups, and sex: 1936,1937, and 1938....................................................................... 76
66. Prisoners in State and Federal prisons and reformatories—Present January 1 and received from
courts during the year: 1936, 1937, and 1938...... 77
67. Prisoners in State and Federal prisons and reformatories—Received from courts, by offense: 1930,
1937, and 1938....................................................................... 78
68. Movement of population in State and Federal prisons and reformatories, by sex: 1937 and 1938— 78
69. Prisoners discharged from State and Federal prisons and reformatories—By time served, ollense,
and method of discharge: 1938........................................ -..................................................... 79
70. Juvenile delinquents in State institutions—Total present January 1 and number of males and
females received from courts during year, by States: 1933................................................................ 80
71. Juvenile delinquents received from courts, by offense, by sex and age: 1033................................... 80
72. Children under institutional care, by type of care, by States: Dec. 31, 1933..................................... 81
73. Children under institutional care, by type of care, race, and time under oare, by sox and age:
Dec. 31, 1933...................................... -...................... 81
74. Children under institutional care, by sex, by status of parents as living or dead: Deo. 31,1933___ 82
76. Blind and deafmutes, by sex: 1890 to 1930................................................................. 82
76. Blind and deafmutes, by States: 1930............................................................ 82
3. VITAL STATISTICS
77. Deaths and death rates, for death-registration area: 1880 to 1930........ 83
78. Death rates per 1,000 population, by sex and by age groups, for death-registration States: 1901
to 1933....................................................... 84
79. Deaths, by States: 1938 and 1939.......................................................... 84
80. Death rates per 1,000 population, by States: 1920 to 1939............ 1_____ 86
81. Death rates per 1,000 estimated population, by race: 1920 to 1933.................. ...................... -85

CONTENTS
V
Table
Page
82. Deaths, from selected causes, 1038, and death rates per 100,000 population, 1000 to 1938, for the
death-registration area........................................................................................... 86
83. Death rates per 100,000 population, for leading causes of death, by States: 1938......................____ 87
84. Births, deaths, and deaths under 1 year of age, by sex, for birth-registration'area: 1915 to 1939___ 88
85. Births and deaths, by place of occurrence and by place of residence, for selected cities: 1938___ 80
8G. Births and excess of births over deaths, by States: 1030 to 1989.................................... 90
87. Birth and death rates and rates of excess of births over deaths, per 1,000 population, for birthregistration
area: 1020 to 1933.......................................................... 91
88. Birth rates and rates of excess of births over deaths, per 1,000 population, by States; 1920 to 1939.. 92
89. Births and stillbirths, by legitimacy, by States: 1938........................................ 92
90. Deaths of infants under 1 year of age, 1937 to 1939, and death rates per 1,000 births, 1925 to 1939,
by States................... 94
91. Death rates per 1,000 births, for infants under 1 year of age, for birth-registration area, by principal
causes of death: 1920 to 1938....................................... 95
92. Death rates per 1,000 births, for infants under 1 year of age, by age groups, for birth-registration
area: 1920 to 1938.............. . . ......................... 96
93. Births and deaths in Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands......................................... 96
94. Homicides and suicides, for cities having 100,000 population or more in 1900: 1900 to 1938....... ___ 96
95. Birth- and death-registration areas—States included and year when admitted: 1880 to 1933____ 97
96. Marriages, divorces, and annulments, continental United States: 1887 to 1937.......................... —. 97
97. Marriages, divorces, and annulments, by Status: 1931 and 1032........ 98
4. IMMIGRATION, EMIGRATION, AND NATURALIZATION
98. Immigration: 1821 to 1939................................................... 99
99. Aliens admitted and departed: 1910 to 1939....................-.............. 99
100. Aliens debarred and deported: 1900 to 1939..................... 100
101. Immigrant aliens admitted, by sex, age, occupation, illiteracy, and amount of money brought;
emigrant aliens departed, by sex, age, and occupation: Years ended June 30, 1020 to 1939......... 100
102. Immigration, by country of origin, by decades: 1841 to 1930......... 101
103. Immigrant aliens admitted and emigrant aliens departed, by country of last or of future permanent
residence: 1930 to 1939.................. 102
104. Immigrant aliens admitted and emigrant aliens departed, by race or nationality; 1930 to 1930.... 103
105. Immigrant aliens admitted—Percentages, by race or nationality: Years ended June 30, 1935 to
1939... .......................................................................................... 103
106. Immigration quotas allotted and quota aliens admitted, by country of birth: Years ended June
30, 1925 to 1939.................................................. 104
107. Aliens admitted, by classes, under the Immigration Act of 1924, as amended: Years ended June
30, 1934 to 1939..................................................... . ................. 105
108. Aliens deported, by principal causes, country, race or nationality, and sex: Years ended June
30, 1937 to 1939.......... 105
109. Aliens and citizens, total arrivals and departures and arrivals at principal ports: Years ended
June 30,1915 to 1939............. . ............................ 106
110. Aliens registered under acts of Mar. 2,1929, and Junes, 1934: Years ended June 30,1930 to 1939.. 106
111. Naturalization certificates issued, by States and outlying Territories and possessions, by sex:
Years ended June 30,1936 to 1939..... _.................... 107
112. Naturalization certificates issued, by country of former allegiance: Years ended June 30, 1936 to
1939................................................................. 107
5. EDUCATION
113. Schools, public elementary and secondary—Summary for continental United States: 1870 to
1938........ 108
114. Schools, elementary and secondary, public and private—Enrollment and attendance, by States
and outlying areas: 1920 to 1038....... 109
115. Teachers in public elementary and secondary schools—Numbers and salaries, by States and
outlying areas: 1020 to 1938...... 110
116. Schools, public elementary and secondary—Expenditures, by States and outlying areas: 1934,.
1936, and 1938....................................................................................................................................... Ill
117. Schools, public elementary and secondary—Enrollment, white and Negro, for 18 States: 1934,
1936, and 1938........ 112
118. High schools, public aud private—Enrollment, by States and outlying areas..-.................... 112
119. High schools and academies—Teachers, pupils, and graduates, by sex, for continental United
States: 1900 to 1938........................................................................... 113
120. School and college enrollments and expenditures, for continental United States: 1900 to 1938-- 114
121. Institutions of higher education—Faculty, students, and recipients of degrees, by sex, for continental
United States; 1932 to 1038............................................... - ................................................. 114

V I
CONTENTS
Table
122. Junior colleges—Number and enrollment, for continental United States: 1918 to 1938__________ 116
123. Institutions of higher education—Income and expenditures, for continental United States: 1932
to 1938________________________ -_____ n s
124. Institutions of higher education—Faculty, enrollment, and recipients of degrees, by States,
Territories, and outlying possessions: 1938.........................
no
126. Professional sohools—Enrollment by principal courses, by States, Territories, and outlying
possessions: 1938.......... 118
126. Institutions o( higher education—Students enrolled in and graduating from teaoher-training
courses, by States and outlying areas: 1934,1936, and 1938_______________ :. 119
127. Institutions of higher education—Volumes in libraries, 1934 and 1936, value of property and
endowments, 1936 and 1938, and expenditures, 1938, by States, Territories, and outlying possessions--........................
-_ 120
128. Summer, extension and correspondence, nurse training, and commercial schools—Number of
students, by States and for Hawaii, Philippines, and Puerto Rico......... ..................................... 121
129. Residential schools for the blind, the deaf, the mentally deficient, and the delinquent—Number
of schools and of pupils, by States: 1936______________________________________ — 122
130. Special schools and olasses for exceptional children—Enrollment for city school systems, by
States: 1938....................-.......... 123
131. Vocational schools and vocational teaoher-training courses. Federally aided—Number of teachers
an d students, by Class of school or course and by sex: Years ended June 30,1920 to 1939........ 124
132. Vocational schools and vocational teacher-training institutions—Expenditures under vocational
education acts: Years ended June 30,1920 to 1939..................................——................... 126
133. Vocational schools and vocational teacher-training institutions—Total expenditures from Federal
money, by States and Territories and for Puerto Rico: Years ended June 30,1920 to 1939------- 126
134. Vocational courses, Federally aided—Students enrolled, by class, by States and Territories and
for Puerto Rico: Year ended June 30,1939...______ 127
136. Vocational rehabilitation of disabled persons, by number and by cases on roll, by States and for
Haw aii and Puerto Rico: 1930 to 1939________ 128
6. PUBLIC LANDS
136. P ublic and Indian land, entries and patents—Acreage: Years ended June 30,1938 and 1939------ 129
137. P ublic and Indian land, entries under all acts—Acreage, by States: Years ended June 30,1926
to 1939.................................................................................................................................................. 129
138. Public land, homestead entries—Acreage for United States, 1868 to 1939, and by States, 1921 to
1939, for years ended June 30............................. -.......................................................... - 130
139. P ublic and Indian land, stock-raising homesteads—Number ol original entries and acreage, by
States, from passage of act of Dec. 29,1916, to June 30, 19391........ -........................ 130
140. P ublic land—Timber-and-stone, coal, mineral, and desert-land entries—Acreage, by States,
to June 30, 1939............. -........... -........-............ 131
141. Lands patented or certified on account of railroad and wagon-road grants—Acreage, by States:
Y ears ended June 30,1916 to 1939------------------ 131
142. L ands patented or certified to States and corporations for railroad, wagon-road, and river-improvement
purposes—Acreage: 1860 to June 30,1939------ 132
143. L and grants (Including scrip) to States for educational and other purposes—Acreage, by States
and for Alaska, to June 30, 1939----- 133
144. R eceipts under Mineral Leasing Act of Feb. 26,1920: From date of the act to June 30,1930____ 134
146. P ublic land, withdrawals and restorations for specified purpose—Acreage: 1927 to 1939------------ 134
140. Public lands, unappropriated and unreserved—Acreage, by States: June 80,1800 to 1939.,......... 135
147. Lands under jurisdiction of Office of Indian Affairs—Acroago, by States: 1881 to 1989.......... 136
7. CLIMATE
148. Clim atic conditions of selected oities, by months.......................... —...................... 136
8. MILITARY A ND CIVIL SERVICES, ELECTIONS. AND CONGRESSIONAL
REPRESENTATION
149. A rm y of the United States—Strength of component parts: 1890 to 1939---------------------- 149
160. N ational Guard—Organized strength, by States: Jane 30,1939-------------- 160
161. N avy, Marine Corps, Naval Reserve, and Marine Corps Reserve—Organized strength: 1906 to
1939.................... -...............................................................-..............................-.............................. 150
162. Vessels of the U. S. Navy fit for service (including those under repair)—Number and displacem
ent: 1906 to 1939____ ---------- 160
163. Vessels of the U. S. N avy fit for service (including those under repair)—Number and displacem
ent, by type: Dec. 31,1939_____ 151
164. American National Red Cross—Expenditures and adult membership: Years ended June 30,
1931 to 1939.......... - ......................................... -..................................................-...............- ............ !*1
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CONTENTS
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Table
Page
155. Veterans' Administration and predecessor organizations—Disbursements for relief of veterans.. 152
156. Pensions, compensation, disability allowance, and emergency officers’ retirement pay—Living
veterans receiving benefits, deceased veterans whose dependents were receiving benefits, and
disbursements for benefits: 1866 to 1939........................................................................................ 153
157. Pensions, compensation, disability allowance, and emergency officers' retirement pay—Annual
average payments, per veteran, to living veterans and to dependents of deceased veterans, by
wars: 1910 to 1939........................................................................... ................................................. 154
158. Term and converted insurance claims awarded, by type of award, to June 30, 1939, and for years
ended June 30,1935 to 1939............................................................................................................. 154
159. Life insurance (Government) in force and premiums paid: 1924 to 1939......................................... 155
160. Life insurance (Government)—Converted insurance issued and in force, by plan____________ 165
161. Life-insurance fund (Government)—Financial statement, from origin, May 31,1919, to Dec. 31,
1938........ leg
162. Adjusted-compensation awards, as of June 30, 1939...........-............................................................. 156
163. Beneficiaries receiving hospital or domiciliary care authorized by Veterans' Administration:
1921 to 1939....................................................................................................................................... 156 *
164. Retirement of Federal military personnel and other special classes of Federal employees: 1931
to 1939............................................................................................................................................... 157
165. Federal service—Summary of employment and pay rolls, by class of service, 1938 and 1939, and
by months, 1939......... 157
166. Employees in Federal executive civil service: 1816 to 1939............................................... . ............. 157
167. Employees in Federal executive civil service, by classification status of positions and by sex, by
departments and independent offices: December, 1939........................... 158
168. Civil service—Classified competitive positions, persons examined, passed, and appointed: 1884
to 1939..................................................................................................... 160
169. Civil service—Persons examined for and appointed to certain positions in the Postal Service:
Fiscal years 1936 to 1939........................... — 160
170. Oivil service and Canal Zone retirement: 1921 to 1939......... 161
171. Injuries to civil employees of the United States and claims received under U. S. Employees’
Act: Sept. 7,1916, to Dee. 31, 1939— ........... 162
172. Injuries to civil employees of the United States, by departments and independent offices: 1939.. 162
173. Popular vote for Presidential electors, by chief political parties, 1888 to 1936, and by States, 1936— 163
174. Electoral vote for President, by chief political parties and by States: 1916 to 1936................... 184
176. Apportionment of Congressional representation, by States, from adoption of Constitution to
1930........................................ 165
9. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
176. Receipts and expenditures of the National Government, by class of accounts: 1939 and 1940---- 166
177. Receipts and expenditures of the National Government: 1789 to 1940...... 167
178. Receipts and expenditures of the National Government, by major classifications: 1935 to 1939... 169
179. Expenditures of the National Government, by object and accounts: Fiscal year 1939------------- 171
180. Receipts of the National Government, by sources and accounts: Fiscal year 1939........................ 176
181. Internal revenue receipts, by chief tax sources: 1863 to 1940...... 178
182. Internal revenue receipts, by tax sources in detail: 1935 to 1939......................................... ............. 179
183. Internal revenue receipts, by States and Territories: Fiscal years 1938 and 1939-------------------- 180
184. Income tax returns, individual—Summary: 1913 to 1938______________ -. 181
185. Income tax returns, individual—Analysis: 1929 to 1937............................................................. 181
186. Income tax returns, individual, by family relationship: 1932 to 1937...........................................— 183
187. Income tax returns, individual—Percent distribution of income by source, by net-income olasses:
1937............................- ...................................................................................................................... 188
188. Income tax returns, individual—Income distributed by source, by States and Territories: 1937— 184
189. Income tax returns, individual, by net-income classes: 1931 to 1937--------------- 186
190. Income tax returns, individual, by States and Territories: 1935, 1936, and 1937.................... ....... 186
191. Income tax returns, individual—Analysis, by net-income classes: 1937..-............................. ....... 188
192. Income tax returns, corporation—Summary: 1911 to 1938............................................................... 189
193. Income tax returns, corporation—Analysis, 1927 to 1937, and by States and Territories, 1937----- 190
194. Income tax returns, corporation, by States and Territories: 1934 to 1937....................................... 192
195. Income tax returns, corporation, by industrial groups; 1930 to 1937.........................................—— 193
196. Gross income of corporations, by industrial groups: 1930 to 1937------------ 195
197. Income tax returns, corporation, by industrial groups and industries: 1937-................................ 196
198. Income tax returns, corporation—Receipts, deductions, profits, and tax: 1924 to 1037.................. 198
199. Dividends paid, according to income tax returns of corporations, by industrial groups: 1934 to
1937.................................................................................................................................................... 199
200. Income tax returns, corporation—Recoipts, deductions, profits, and tax, by industrial groups:
1937'...............................................'............-..................... -................... 109
201. Assets and liabilities of corporations: 1930 to 1937......................-..............- .................................... 202

V I II
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Page
202. Assets and liabilities of corporations, by industrial groups: As of Deo. 31, 1937, or at close of
fiscal year nearest thereto........................................................ -............ -........................ 202
203. Income tax returns, corporation, by total-assets classes, by industrial groups: 1937...................... 204
204. Gift tax returns, Federal-Summary: 1934 to 1937............. 205
205. Estate tax returns, Federal—Summary: 1916 to 1038......... 205
206. Estate tax returns, Federal—Analysis of returns of resident decedents, 1036 to 1938, and by net
estate (before specific exemption) classes, 1938............................ -.............................. 206
207. Public debt of the United States: 1800 to 1940,.--........-................................................................... 207
208. Public debt of the United States—Issues outstanding on Dec. 31,1939.......... 208
209. Indebtedness of foreign governments to United States as of Mar. 31,1940..................... 209
210. Public debt of the United States—Transactions during fiscal years: 1933 to 1939........................... 210
211. Contingent liabilities of the United States—Principal amounts of obligations outstanding as of
Dec. 31,1939....................................................................... -.............— ............................... -.......... 211
212. Securities owned by the United States Government as of Deo. 31, 1939........—........ 212
213. Tax-exempt securities—Estimated amounts outstanding, interest on which is wholly or partially
exempt from Federal income tax: 1913 to 1939.................-..........-.................................................. 213
10. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
214. Revenues and cost payments, 1912 and 1932, and debt, 1902, 1912, 1922, and 1932, for Federal,
State, and local governments.......................................... —.............-............................................... 214
216. Revenues and cost payments of local governments, by source and function: 1932................... 214
216. Revenues and cost payments of general government of States, by source and function: 1932
and 1937________ -......................................................................................-......................... 216
217. Revenues and cost payments of general government of States, by States: 1937.............................. 216
218. Revenues and cost payments of general government of States: 1915 to 1937......... 218
219. Revenues, cost payments, and gross, funded or fixed, and net debt of State public-service enterprises,
by States: 1937................. -..................... 218
220. State aid to minor civil divisions, by purpose and type of aid: 1937.............................................. 219
221. Assessed valuation of property subject to general and selective property taxes, by States: 1932
and 1037............................................ 219
222. Tax levies—Levies of general and selective property taxes, for State purposes, by States: 1917
to 1937............-................................................................ - ................................................................. 220
223. Tax levies—'Totallevics of general property taxes of State and local governments, by States:
1880 to 1932.......... -.......................................... 221
224. State tax collections, by type of tax, by States: 1939....... __......................... 222
225. Bond issues—State proposals voted on in general elections, by typo of governmental unit
affected: 1938 and 1939..................................... -..........-............................... 223
226. Employees of State governments—Number, January 1940, and amount of pay rolls, January 1940
and year 1939, by States........................................................-.......................................................... 223
227. Employees of State and local governments—Number, January 1940, and amount of pay roils,
January 1940 and year 1939........................................... _...... 224
228. Employees of State and local governments—Percent distribution, by governmental functions:
January 1940................................................................... -....................... -........................................ 224
229. N et debt of State and local governments: 1902 to 1937................................................-................. 225
230. Gross debt of general government of States, by classes, by States: 1932 and 1937........................... 226
231. Net debt of State governments, by States: 1902 to 1937--.......................................___................. 227
232. Debt and sinking-fund assets of State governments; 1880 to 1937........................ 228
233. N et debt of local governments, by classes of civil divisions, by States: 1937................................... 228
234. Not debt of local governments: 1902 to 1937........................................................................................ 229
235. Revenues and cost payments of local governments, by States: 1932............................... 230
236. Revenues, cost payments, and net debt, for cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants: 1937.............. 232
237. Levies of general property taxes, 1930 to 1937, and assessed valuation of property, 1937, for cities
of 100,000 or more inhabitants..................................... -........................... 236
238. Revenues, cost payments, gross and net debt of general government and of public-service enterprises,
for cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants—Summary: 1926, 1936, and 1937. ....................... 237
239. Bond issues—City proposals voted on in general elections, by number of proposals, amounts
submitted, and number of cities submitting: 1938 and 1939....................... 238
240. Employees of municipal governments, for cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants—Number,
January 1940, and amount of pay rolls, January 1040 and year 1939............... 238
11. BANKING AND FIN ANCE
241. Coinage of the United States: 1793 to 1939........... .............. 240
242. Money in circulation, by kind: 1924 to 1940........................................................_........................ 240
243. Money—Stock, by kind: 1860 to 1940................................... 241
244. Money in circulation, money held in Treasury and in Fedora! Reserve System, and total stock:
1800 to 1940.......................................................................................................................................... 242

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246. Federal Reserve banks—Principal assets: 1915 to 1939..................... 243
24®, Federal Reserve banks—Principal liabilities: 1915 to 1938................................................................ 214
247. Federal Reserve banks—Holdings 0/ United States securities, as of Dee. 31: 1928 to 1939............. 245
248. Federal Reserve banks—Holdings of discounted Mils, by class and by maturity: 1928 to 1939__ 245
249. Industrial advances and commitments under section 13b of the Federal Reserve Act, June 19,
1934, to Dec. 27,1939............................................. - .......................................................................... 246
250. Federal Reserve banks—Discount rates in effect Jan. 1,1933, and changes to June 28, 1940____ 246
251. Federal Reserve banks—Average annual late of earnings on bills and securities: 1924 to 1830___ 247
252. Federal Reserve banks—Volume of operations in principal departments; MSS to 1939........... 248
253. Federal Reserve banks—Operations of branches: 1936 to 1939............................ - .....— 248
264, Federal Reserve agents' gold-certificate fund—Summary of transactions: 1922 to 1983....-------- 240
255. Federal Reserve interdistriot settlement fund—Summary of transactions: 1022 to 1939.............. 249
266, Federal Reserve interdistrict settlement rund—Summary of transactions, by districts: 1939_ 260
257. Federal Reserve banks—Profit and loss statement: 1926 to 1939.................................................... 260
268. Federal Reserve System, all member banks—Number, capital accounts, and total deposits:
1915 to 1939—................................................................................................................................. m
269, Federal Reserve System, all member banks—Doans and investments, by class, on Deo. 31:
1930 to 1939....................... 261
260. Federal Reserve System, all member banks—Assets and liabilities as ol Deo. 31: 1920 to 1939....... 252
261. Federal Reserve System, reporting member banks in 101 leading cities—Principal assets and
liabilities: 1036 to 1940........................... -.......................................................................................... 264
282. Federal Reserve System, all member banks—Earnings, expenses, and dividends: 1926 to 1939,... 266
283. All reporting banks in the United States—Number, loans, investments, and deposits: 1928 to
1940.......... 255
234. All active banks—Principal assets and liabilities, by class of banks: 1S4& to 1839 .......................... 266
286. All active banks—Loans and investments, by class, as of June 30: 1938 and 1939-------- 288
266. All active banks—Assets and liabilities: 1920 to 1939-...........................................-.......................... 259
267. All active banks—Summary, by States, June SO, 1939.................................. 260
268. National banks—Assets and liabilities as of Dec. 31; 1938 and 2939................ 291
269. National banks—Summary, by States, Deo. 30, 1636..................................... 282
270. National banks—Capital, surplus, capital funds, net addition to profits, dividends, and ratios:
1896 to 1929.......... 283
271. National banks—Loans and investments, by close, as of Dec. 31: 1930 to 1639................. 283
272. National banks—Fiduciary activities: 1930 to 1939.............................................................. 284
273. Banks—Number, personnel, and pay roll, by type of bank, for the United States: 1936......... 265
274. Banks—Number, personnel, and pay roll, by States: 1935............................................................... 255
275. Bank suspensions—Number of banka and amount of deposits: 1921 to 1939................................... 266
276. Savings, certain major items, for the United States: 1921 to 1939................. —........ - 266
277. Savings banks—Number of depositors and amount of savings deposits, continental United
States; 1820 to 1910......................................................................................................... 267
278. Savings and other time deposits and depositors in banks, continental United States: 1010 to
1939.............................................................................. - ................... 267
279. Savings and other time deposits and depositors in ail banks and trnst companies, by States and
for Hawaii, on or about June SO: 1910 to 1939........................................................................-........ 268
280. Mutual savings banks—Number of savings depositors and amount of savings deposits on or
about June 30, by States: 1937,1938, and 1939............... 269
281. Savings deposits and depositors in all active banks, continental United States, on or about June
3D: 1932 to 1939........................................................................................... -...................................... 269
282. Insured and noninsured banks—Number of banks and amount of deposits, by sire of deposits:
June 30,1939............... -........................................... 270
283. Insured commercial banks—Prinoipal assets and liabilities, as of Doc. 31: 1038 and 1039----------- 270
284. Insured and noninsured commercial bants—Number of banks and amount of deposits, by
States: June 30, 1939........................-..........------------- 271
285. Building and loan associations—Failures: 1020 to 1939........ 271
286. Building and loan associations—Number, membership, assets, and loans, continental United
States, 1898 to 1939, and by States and for Alaska and Hawaii, 1937 and 1038..... - 272
287. Postal-savings business-summary: 1911 to 1940_____-____________ 273
288. Postal-savings deposits and depositors, by States................................ -........ 273
289. Federal Housing Administration—Volume of business transacted—Trend and status of borne
mortgage, rental housing, and property improvement insuring operations: 1934 to 1039--------- 274
299, Federal Housing Administration—N et volume of home mortgages accepted tor insurance, rental
bousing mortgages dosed, and property-improvement loans insured, by type 0/ institution
originating insured loans: Cumulative 1334 through December 1039------ 274
291. Federal Housing Administration—Volume of insured loans, by type of insuring operations, by
States, Territories, and for Puerto Rico and Canal Zone: Cumulative 1034 through December
1939............. 275

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202, Home Owners’ loan Corporation—Summary of refinancing operations from the beginning of
operations, June 13,1933, to the close of the lending period, June 12, 1030, by States and for
Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico__............-................................... 276
203, Federal home loan hanks—Principal assets and liabilities, as of Dec/31, total, 1036 to 1939, and
by banks, 1930............................................................ -.— 277
-294. Federal Home Loan Bank System—Member institutions and institutions Insured by the Federal
Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation: 1936 to 1939_....... __................ _____------- 277
296. Farm Credit Administration-Loans and discounts advanced and outstanding: 1920 to 1939-__ 278
290. National farm loan associations and production credit associations—Number, by districts, Deo.
31,1939.......... 278
297. Farm Credit Administration—Loans and discounts outstanding Dec. 31,1039, by States------- 279
298. Federal land banks and Land Bank Commissioner—Number and amount of loans closed during
1938 and 1939, by States............................................. -.............................-...................- ............ — 280
299. Federal land banks—Principal assets and liabilities as of Dee. 31: 1931 to 1939......... 281
300. Federal Farm Mortgage Corporation—Principal assets and liabilities as of Dec. 31,1039__.......... 281
301. Joint-stock land banks—Principal assets and liabilities as of Doe. 31: 1934 to 1939,................. 281
302. joint-stock land banks—Farm mortgage loans closed and outstanding: 1922 to 1939............ 282
303. Joint-stock land banks—Number and amount of loans outstanding, by States: Dec. 31,1930----- 282
304. Banks for cooperatives—Loans advanced and outstanding, by banks and b y commodities, by
type of loan; 1939.............................................................................-..........— ------ 282
306. Federal intermediate credit banks—Principal assets and liabilities as of Dec. 31: 1927 to 1930. 283
306. Federal intermediate credit banks—Loans and discounts made, by type of institution: 1936 to
1930....................... -............. — 283
307. Production credit associations—Applications received and loans closed during 1938 and 1939 and
loans outstanding Dec. 31, 1938 and 1939, by S ta te s------ --------------- 284
308. Reconstruction Finance Corporation—Loan and other authorizations, by character of loans;
purchases of securities from P1VA; and allocations to other governmental agencies: Fob. 2,
1932, to Dec. 31, 1939................................................................ —. -286
309. Governmental corporations and credit agencies of the United States—Assets and liabilities as of
Dec, 31,1939............................................................................................................- ................___ 286
310. Bank clearings for leading cities: 1922 to 1939................................................................. 287
311. Bank debits to individual accounts—Volumo reported by banks in 141 leading cities, by districts,
1922 to 1039, and by months, 1036 to 1939.............................................. 288
312. Bank debits to individual accounts—Volume reported by banks in each of 141 leading cities:
1930 to 1039.—........ ___:..................-.................. 289
313. Foreign exchange rates on cable transfers, New York: 1931 to 1939.................. 291
314. Foreign exchange rates on cable transfers, New York, by months: 1937 to 1940................. 292
316. Interest and acceptance rates—Call money, time loans, and acceptances, New York: 1912 to
• 1949............................................................................................ —. — 293
316. Fire and marine insurance business, continental United States and outlying Territories and
possessions: 1890 to 1038...................................... —......................................... 294
317. Fire and lightning insurance—Business transacted by members of the National Board of Fire
Underwriters, continental United States and outlying Territories and possessions: 1920 to
1938........................................................................... 296
318. Fire losses, total and per capita, continental United States: 1876 to 1939........ 29B
319. Life insurance—Summary of financial condition and policy account of United States companies:
1850 to 1030......................................................................................................................... 296
320. Life insurance—Financial condition and business of United States companies: 1900 to 1938____ 296
321. Life insurance—Policies issued and terminated, United States companies: 1936 to 11)39......... 298
322. Life insurance—Operations of United States companies, from organization to Jan. 1, 1939____ 298
323. Life insurance written and in force, by States: 1937 and 1938................. 209
324. Life Insurance of fraternal orders in the United States: 1901 to 1038________________________ 300
325. Casualty, surety, and miscellaneous insurance companies—Financial condition and business
transacted: 1896 to 1938......................................... 300
326. Stock casualty, surety, and miscellaneous insurance companies—Premiums and losses, by class
of insurance: 1937, 1938, and 1939........ 301
327. Mutual accident and sick benefit associations—Financial condition and business transacted:
1901 to 1938............... 301
328. Insurance carriers and insurance agencies and brokerage offices—Offices, personnel, and pay roll,
by Statos: 1938....... 302
329. Insurance carriers and insurance agencies and brokerage offices—Number of offices, personnel,
and pay roll, by type of insurance, for the United States: 1935................................... 303
330. Financial institutions other than banks—Number, personnel, and pay roll, by type of institution,
for the United States: 1936................................................................................... 303
331. Commodity exchange transactions—Volume of trading in principal grain futures and amount of
Federal taxes collected on sales of ail commodities for future delivery: 1922 to 1040__________ 304

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332. Securities listed on New York Stock Exchange—Values: 1929 to 1940_._______ 304
333. Sales on New York Stock Exchange—Volume: 1914 to 1939................ 304
334. Sales of stooks and bonds on all registered exchanges: 1938,1939, and 1940...................... 305
335. Brokers’ loans—Amounts outstanding: 1928 to 1940........................................................................... 305
336. Customers’ debit balances, money borrowed, and related itorns—Stock exchange firms carrying
margin accounts: 1937 to 1940........................ 305
337. Stock prices—New York Times averages: 1916 to 1940................................... - ............. _................. 306
338. Stock and bond prices—Averages, by class: 1918 to 1940.......................... -...................................._ 306
339. Stock and bond yields—Percent: 1922 tol940__.......... 307
340. Cash dividend payments on 600 common stocks: 1931 to 1940................. 307
341. Net profits of 221 corporations, by type of business: 1932 to 1939........ . ........ - . .____ _______ -. - 308
342. Capital issues—Summary, by classes: 1922 to 1939.................... 308
343. Capital issues—New capital and refunding, by class: 1932 to 1939-.-........................-...................... 309
344. Foreign oapital issues (governmental and corporate) publicly offered in the United States: 1916
to 1939.......................................................................................____........................... 310
345. Industrial and commercial failures—Number and liabilities: 1857 to 1939....................................... 310
346. Industrial and commercial failures—Number and liabilities, by months: 1936 to 1940................... 311
347. Industrial and commercial failures—Number and liabilities, by industrial groups and size of
liabilities: 1938 and 1939............................................................................. -........................... 311
348. Industrial and commercial failures—Number and liabilities, by industrial groups and industries:
1938 and 1939........................................................................................................... 312
349. Industrial and commercial failures—Number and liabilities, by States: 1938 and 1939--^---------- 313
12. INCOME, EXPENDITURES, AND DEBT
350. National income and income paid out: 1929 to 1939................. -.............................................. 314
351. Income paid out, by types of payment: 1929 to 1939............................................... 314
352. National income, by industrial divisions: 1929 to 1939........... -...................................... - .......... 315
353. Number of employees and the per capita income of employees: 1929 to 1939................................... 315
354. Consumer incomes—Distribution of families and single individuals and of aggregate income received,
by incomo level: 1935-36......................._•.............................-................................................ 316
355. Consumer expenditures—Aggregate and average outlay of families and single individuals for
consumption, gifts and personal taxes, and savings, by incomo level: 1935-36________ 317
356. Consumer expenditures—Aggregate and average expenditures of families and single individuals
for main categories of consumption, by income level: 3935-36....................... 318
357. Consumer expenditures—Aggregate and average disbursements of families and single individuals
by main categories: 1935-36................................................................................. 319
358. Net debt in the United States: 1929 to 1939............. 320
359. Gross and net public debt: 1929 to 1939............................................................ —.......... 321
300. Gross and not corporate debt: 1929 to 1939.....................................................- ............ 321
13. PRICES
361. Prices, wholesale, retail, and farm—Indexes, by months: 1924 to 1940..................... — 322
362. Prices, wholesale—Indexes, by major commodity groups: 1890 to 1940.............-........................ 323
363. Prices, wholesale—Indexes: 1860 to 1889.......................... ................................ - ........................ 324
364. Prices, wholesale—Indexes, by subgroups of commodities: 1913 to 1940........................................... 324
368. Prices, wholesale, ofleading commodities: 1923 to 1939.....................................—....................... 325
366. Prices, wholesale—Indexes, all commodities, and by economic classes: 1916 to 1940....................... 328
367. Cost of goods purchased by wage earners and lower-salaried workers in 33 large cities combined—
Indexes: 1913 to 1940............................................... 328
368. Cost of goods purchased by wage earners and lower-salaried workers in each of 33 largo cities—
Indexes: 1935 to 1940.............. 320
369. Cost of food, retail in 51 large cities—Indexes, by cities: 1935 to 1940............................. 330
370. Cost of food, retail—Indexes, by commodity groups: 1929 to 1940............-...................... 331
371. Prices, average retail, of principal articles of food: 1923 to 1940...................................... 332
372. Unit values, annual average, of important domestic articles exported: 1911 to 1939 ........................ 333
373. Unit values, annual average, of important articles imported: 1909 to 1930....................................... ,334
14. WAGES, HOURS OF LABOR, AND EMPLOYMENT
374. Hours and earnings, average, in selected manufacturing industries: 1035 to 1939............. 336
375. Earnings, average weekly, in manufacturing industries; cost of living; weekly earnings adjusted
to cost of living—Indexes: 1922tol939....................... 338
376. Hours and earnings, average, in selected nonmanufacturing industries: 1935 to 1939. --------------- 338
377. Wage rates—Average hourly rates for common labor in important industries: 19.28 to 1930____ 339
378. Wage rates—Hourly rates for common labor in road building; by geographic divisions r-. 1926 to
1940............................................................................................................................................................ 339

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379. Employment and pay rolls in manufacturing industries—Indexes, by months: 1922 to 1940......... 340
380. Employment in manufacturing industries—Indexes adjusted for seasonal variations, by months:
1925 to 1940_________ -.................. -............................................. -................ 340
381. Employment and pay rolls in manufacturing industries—Indexes for durable-goods and nondurable-goods
groups, by months: 1920 to 1940........... 341
382. Employment and pay rolls in manufacturing industries—Indexes, by industry groups: 1921 to
1940.....................-.................................- ....... -..........................- ........- ........................................ 342
383. Employment and pay rolls in manufacturing industries—Indexes, by industry groups and industries
: 1935 to 1039.................................................... — . ........................... -.... 343
384. Employment and pay rolls in manufacturing industries—Indexes, for specified States: 1925 to
1940.............. -........ - ............ 346
385. Earnings, weekly, in manufacturing industries—Indexes for specified States: 1925 to 1940........... 346
386. Earnings, average weekly and hourly, in 25 manufacturing industries, by labor groups: 1925 to
1939....................... -............... -..... 346
387. Employment and pay rolls in nonmanufacturing industries and businesses—Indexes, by kind of
business: 1931 to 1940................-......... -....................... 347
388. Employment, pay rolls, and average weekly wages for full-time employees, by occupational
groups, for specified industries or businesses: 1935............................ 348
389. Wage rates per hour and hours per week—Indexes of union scales in building and printing trades,
by occupations: 1909 to 1939................ 349
390. Wage rates—Distribution of union members in building, printing, and bakery trades, union
street-railway employees, and union motor-truck drivers, by hourly wage rates, as of June 1,
1939................... -................................................................-.................. 353
391. Strikes—Number, workers involved, and man-days idle, by major issues involved: 1927 to 1939.. 364
392. Strikes—Number, workers involved, and man-days idle, by industry groups: 1935 to 1939____ 355
393. Civilian Conservation Corps—Enrolled strength and amount expended or obligated: July 1933
to June 1940................ 356
394. Employment and pay rolls on construction projects financed from regular Federal governmental
appropriations: 1934 to 1940.......................... 366
395. Employment and pay rolls on projects financed from Public Works Administration funds: July
1933 to June 1Q4G.......................................................... — 367
396. Employment and pay rolls on projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation Acts
funds: July 1935 to June 1940............................... -...... - 368
397. Public employment services—Major activities: July 1933 to June 1940............................................ 359
398. Public employment services—Major activities, by States and Territories: 1938 and 1939............. 360
399. Public employment services—Private and public placements, by major occupational groups,
by sex, by States and Territories: 1939................... 361
400. Public employment services—Placements, by major industrial groups, by sex, by States and
Territories: 1939..................................... 364
15, SOCIAL SECURITY
401. Old-age insurance—Number of employees, by age and by sex, by interval of earnings, for the
United States: 1938....... 366
402. Old-age insurance—Number of employees and amount of taxable wages, by sex, by States and
Territories: 1938....................................................................... 369
403. Old-age insurance—Number of employees and amount of taxable wages, by race and by sex, for
selected States and Territories; 1938................................................................................. 370
404. Old-age insurance—Number of employees in fourth quarter of 1938 and total amount of their 1938
taxable wages, by age groups, by sex, and by industrial divisions............................................... 371
406. Old-age and survivors Insurance—Number of employing organizations, amount of taxable pay
rolls, and number of employees on last day or last pay roll of quarter, by quarters: 1938 and
1939................................ 372
406. Unemployment compensation—Subject employers and workers with wage credits under State
unemployment compensation systems, by States and Territories, as of June 1939..................... 372
407. Unemployment compensation—Number of initial and continued claims received .by State
agencies and amount of benefit payments, by States and Territories: 1938 and 1939................. 373
408. Unemployment compensation—Number of employees, by major industrial divisions, by States
and Territories: 1938......................................................................................................................... 374
409. Unemployment compensation—Reported taxable pay rolls, by major industrial divisions, by
States and Territories: 1938........ 375
410. Unemployment compensation—State funds available for benefits, collections, interest earned,
and benefits paid, by States and Territories: 1939...... 376
411. Amount of public assistance and earnings of persons employed under Federal Work Programs in
continental United States: 1933 to June 1940......................................................................... 377
412. Recipients of public assistance and persons employed under Federal Work Programs in confcipential
United States, by selected months; March 1933 to June 1940.;-5_g- „ „ , 378

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413. Old-age assistance—Growth: 1915 to 1939............. 379
414. Amount of public assistance and earnings of persons employed under Federal Work Programs
in continental United States, by States: June 1040......................... 380
415. Recipients of public assistance and persons employed under Federal Work Programs in continental
United States, by States: June 1940................ 381
416. General relief, by States: June 1938, 1939, and 1940................... 382
417. Federal grants to States and Territories—Advances certified by Social Security Board to Secretary
of Treasury for public assistance and for administration of unemployment compensation
laws and State employment services: Fiscal year 1939-40........... 383
418. Railroad retirement—Benefit payments certified to the Secretary of the Treasury, by class of
payment: 1036 to 1939........... 384
419. Railroad retirement—Annuities and pensions—Number of certifications and terminations by
death, and number in force at end of period; 1936 to 1039.......................................-..................... 385
420. Railroad retirement—Employee annuities, by class of employer and occupational group, and
by type of annuity, certified through June 1939............
38G
421. Railroad retirement—Annuities and pensions in force June 30,1939, and lump-sum death benefits
certified through June 30, 1939, by States.........-...........-...................................... 387
422. Railroad unemployment insurance—Number of applications for certificates of benefit rights
received, certificates of benefit rights issued, claims received, certificates of waiting-period credit
issued, number and amount of benefit payments certified, average benefit payment,
and number of accounts opened and exhausted: July 1039 through May 1940............. 388
16. POSTAL SERVICE
423. United States Postal Service—Summary: 1800 to 1939............................................................ 389
424. Postal Service revenues, by source: Years ended June 30,1910 to 1939............................................ 390
425. Postal money-order business—Summary: Years ended June 30,1910 to 1939, - .............................. 390
426. Postal Service expenditures, by object: Years ended June 30,1910 to 1939.........-........ - .............. 301
427. Transportation of domestic mails, by class of service: 1915 to 1939....................... 391
428. Delivery service—City and rural free delivery and star-route service: 1870 to 1939..........-............. 392
429. Postal Service operation—Summary for principal items: Years ended June 30,1015 to 1030.......... 392
430. Postal Service operation—Number of offices and mileage of rural routes, 1939, and gross receipts,
1920 to 1939, by States and outlying areas..................................... - ............................................... 393
17. COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
431. Telephone systems—Equipment, traffic, employees, salaries and wages, revenue, and investment:
1912 to 1937........... -.......... -................... 394
432. Telephone systems—Wiro mileage, number of telephones and calls,, all systems and lines, by
States: 1932 and 1937............... -......................................................... 395
433. Telephones—Number and wire mileage in all systems, and number of telephones in the Bell
System; 1895 to 1939............................ -.-.................................. 393
434. American Telephone & Telegraph Co. and principal telephone subsidiaries (Bell Telephone
System)—Summary: 1920 to 1939.................. 390
435. Radiotelephones—Summary: 1937-............. ______....................-................................... -.........- 390
436. Telephone systems—Summary, class A carriers: 1920 to 1939....................................................... 397
437. Radiotelegraph carriers—Summary: 1933 to 1939......................----................ -......... - ................ --- 397
438. Wire-telegraph carriers (land line and ocean cable)—Summary: 1026 to 1939.............................. --- .398
439. Western Union Telegraph Co.—Line and wire mileage, offices, and finances: 1867 to 1930............ 398
440. Telegraph systems, land and ocean-cable—Summary: 1012 to 1937........ 399
18. POWER
441. Energy from mineral fuels and water power—Annual supply, by source: 1871 to 1939.............. — 400
442. Generating plants—Installed capaoity, by type of prime mover: 1920 to 1039.................................. 400
443. Electric energy—Production, by type of prime mover: 1920 to 1039................... 401
444. Generating plants—installed capacity, by class of ownership: 1920 to 1939----------- 401
445. Electric energy—Production by class of ownership: 1920 to 1939............................................... 402
446. Consumption of fuel for production of electric energy: 1920 to 1939................ 402
447. Generating plants—Installed capacity by type of prime mover and by class of ownership, by
States: 1939........................................ -............................... -........... -................... — 403
448. Electric energy—-Production by type of prime mover and by class of ownership, by States: 1939. 404
449. Electric light and power industry—Summary: 1902 to 1937................................. - . 405
450. Electric light and power industry—Generating facilities, energy generated, and fuel consumed,
by reporting sources: 1937...................................................... -................................................... 400
451. Sales of electric energy—Number of customers, energy sold, and revenue from electric service:
1937............................................................................................................................. -........... 406

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452. Sales to ultimate consumers—Number of customers, energy sold, and revenue from electric
service, by class of service, privately owned and municipally owned electric utilities; 1937___ 407
453. Generator capacity and energy generated, all plants, and energy generated, privately owned and
municipally owned electric utilities, by States: 1937.................................................... -............... 408
454. Electric light and power industry—Output, sales, revenue, and customers: 1926 to 1939___: ----- 409
455. Average typical bills for specified quantities of electric energy in cities of 50,000 population or
more: 1924 to 1940---- -................................................................. 409
456. Net monthly bill for specified quantities of electric energy, based on rates as of Dec. 15, 1938
and 1939, by cities........................... -...............................-.............— ........................................... 410
457. W ater power, developed and potential: 1921 to 1040........................... ...... 411
19, PUBLIC ROADS AND MOTOR VEHICLES
458. Rural roads—Mileage, funds available, and disbursements, 1921 to 1939, and construction under
Federal aid, 1030 to 1939..__.................................... -............. 412
459. State-highway systems—Mileage of rural roads and of urban extensions as of Deo. 31, 1938, and
rural mileage surfaced, 1937 and 1638....... 413
460. Highways under supervision of State-highway departments—Disbursements (including Federalaid
funds) for, by States: 1921 to 1939.......................................................................... 414
401. State-highway funds available, by source, and disbursements, by purpose, by States: 1939------ 415
462. Road construction and grade-crossing projects, Fedoral-aid and emergency: Status as of Dec. 31,
1939....... -----................ - ............. 416
463. Motor vehicles—Factory sales and registrations: 1900 to 1939.........-................................... 417
464. Passenger cars—Factory sales, by wholesale-price classes: 1926 to 1939............................................ 417
465. Motor vehicles—Factory sales in United States, by months: 1932 to 1940........... 418
466. State motor-fuel taxes—Receipts, 1937, 1938, and 1939, and tax rate, 1938 and 1939...... 418
467. Motor-vehicle registrations (combined figures tor passenger cars and motor trucks), by States:
1915 to 1939...................................................................................................................................... 419
468. Motor-vehicle registrations and revenues, by States: 1939.................................................. 420
469. Motor-vehicle fatalities in continental United States; 1914 to 1938......................... 421
470. Motor-vehicle fatalities, by States and for largo cities having death registration: 1926 to 1938.... 422
20. TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND—STEAM AND ELECTRIC RAILWAYS,
EXPRESS COMPANIES, MOTOR BUSSES, AND CIVIL AERONAUTICS
471. Steam railways—Mileage owned and mileage operated: 1890 to 1939.................................... . . ....... 424
472. Steam railways—-Miles of road owned, by States: 1860 to 1938........................................................ 425
473. Steam railways—Milos of road owned and operated: 1842 tc 1939................................................... 426
474. Steam railways (class I)—Mileage operated, locomotives, and freight-car capacity, by districts:
1920t;o 1938............................................... — .......................................................... 426
475. Steam railways (class I)—Mileage of road and tracks operated, by districts: 1920 to 1938............. 427
476. Steam railways (class I)—Equipment installed and retired: 1914 to 1938........................................ 427
477. Steam railways (all reporting companies)—Equipment in service: 1921 to 1938..-........................ 428
478. Steam railways—Cars in service, by class: 1925 to 1938................................................................ 428
479. Steam railways—Number and compensation of employees: 1890 to 1939..1.................................... 420
480. Steam railways (class I)—Number and compensation of employees, by districts and by Glass: 1938
and 1039.......... 429
481. ' Steam railways—Receiverships and trusteeships: 1881 to 1939.................................................... 430
482. Steam railways (all reporting companies)—Capitalization: 1890 to 1938.......................................... 431
483. Steam railways—Stock outstanding, dividends, and interest: 1891 to 1938.................................... 431
484. Steam railways—Securities actually outstanding: 1925 to 1938............... 432
485. Steam railways—Investment, income, and dividends: 1910 to 1938..................... 432
486. Steam-railway freight service—Train miles, car miles, tonnage and related averages; 1891 to
1939...................................................................... 433
487. Steam-railway freight service—Tons carried, ton miles, revenue, and average haul: 1891 to 1939.. 434
488. Steam railways (class I)—Operating revenues, froight and passenger revenue, and freight tonmiles,
by months.................................. 435
489. Steam railways—Passengers carried and passengor rovonue: 1891 to 1939......... _............................ 430
490. Steam railways—Revenues, expenses, and income: 1891 to 1939...................................................... 437
491. Steam railways (class I)—Income account of operating roads: 1921 to 1939..................................... 438
492. Steam railways (class I)—Railway tax accruals, by States: 1920 to 1938......................................... 439
493. Steam railways—Revenue freight originated and carried, by commodity groups, all roads, 190B
to 1916, class I roads, 1910 to 1939............................................................. 440
494. Steam railways (class I)—Revenue freight originated and carried, by commodity groups and
commodities: 1920 to 1939............................................................... 441

CONTENTS
XV
Table
Pago
498. Steam railways (class I)—Revenue freight, average number of weekly car loadings, by principal
commodity groups, by months: 1935 to 1939........................-......................................................... 444
496. Steam-railway accidents—Number of persons killed and injured, by causes of accidents: 1931 to
1939................................................................... 445
497. Steam-railway accidents—Number of persons killed and injured, by status: 1891 to 1939.............. 446
498. Steam railways (class I)—Fuel consumption and rail and tie replacements: 1936,1937, and 1938-. 446
499. Express companies—Income account: 1921 to 1939................................... 447
500. Pullman Company—Summary of operations: 1910 to 1939.............................................................. 447
501. The Alaska Railroad—Summary of passenger and freight services: Years ended June 30, 1938
and 1939.......... — -.................... 448
502. Electric railways—Summary: 1890 to 1937...........-..................................... 448
503. Electric railways—Track mileage, equipment, traffic, and personnel: 1917 to 1937......................... 449
504. Electric railways—Track mileage, passenger traffic, passenger revenue, and revenue car-mileage,
by States: 1932 and 1937............................................................. -..................... _......... 450
505. Electric railways—Incomo account of operating companies: 1922 to 1937................................... 451
506. Electric railways—Receiverships and trusteeships: 1910 to 1939................................................. 451
507. Electric railways—Summary for elevated and subway lines: 1912 to 1937........................................ 452
508. Electric railways—Mileage of elevated track and subway and tunnel track, by States: 1917 to
1937 ............................................................... 452
500. Electric railways—Financial summary for elevated and subway lines: 1912 to 1937....................... 453
510- Trolley-bus lines—Summary: 1932 and 1937..................-...................................... 453
511. Motorbus lines—Summary for lines operated by electric railways and by subsidiary and. successor
companies: 1927,1932, and 1937............................... -........... -............... 454
512. Motorbus lines—Mileage and passenger trafflo, by States: 1932 and 1937............. 455
513. Motorbus lines—Summary for public carriers and private carriers: 1934 to 1939........... ................ 456
514. Civil aeronautics—Summary: 1930 to 1939......................................................................................... 457
21. WATERWAYS, WATER TRAFFIC, AND SH IPPIN G
515. 'Water-borne commerce of tbe United States—Cargo tonnage, foreign and domestic: 1033 to 1938-. 468
516. Commerce of principal United States ocean ports: 1938— ............................................................... 459
517. Commerce of principal Great Lakes ports: 1935 to 1938.---............................... 459
518. Freight traffic on New York State canals—Tonnage moved: 1837 to 1939........._..........................— 460
519. Freight and passenger traffic on St. Marys Falls Canal (Sault Ste, Marie'): 1S90 to 1939------------ 461
520. Freight traffic on Ohio River—Tonnage, ton-mileage, and value: 1926 to 1928__--------------------- 461
521. Commerce on principal rivers, canals, and connecting channels of the United States: 1933 to 1938. 462
522. United States Merchant Marine—Summary: 1789 to 1939.......................................... —.......... 463
523. United States Merchant Marine—Number and gross tonnage of vessels on June 30, 1939, by year
of build.......................................................
4G4
524. United States Merchant Marine—Number and gross tonnage of vessels on June 30,1939, by tonnage
groupings.. . .................................................... —....................................... — .......................... 464
525. Merchant vessels launched in the world and in the United States: 1910 to 1939--------------- 466
526. Merchant Marine of the world and of the United States: 1895 to 1939........... 465
527. Commercial traffic through the Panama Canal, total, 1915 to 1939, and by nationality of vessel,
1939................................................................................... 466
528. Commercial traffic through the Panama Canal—Summary, fiscal years ended June 30: 1933 to
1939................... 466
529. Panama Canal—Revenues, expenses, and computed surplus: 1914 to 1939____ 467
530. Marine wrecks and casualties occurring to vessels of the United States, 1916 to 1939, and by
regions, 1936 to 1939...................................................... -. 4G7
531. Merchant vessels under the control of the United States Maritime Commission: As of Dec. 31,
1939............................................................. — 4G8
532. Foreign and intercoastal commerce—Cargo tonnage, by coastal districts: 1936, 1937, and 1938---- 468
533. Water-borne imports and exports—Cargo tonnage, by flag of carrier vessel, 1921 to 1938, and by
coastal districts, 1935 to 1938...................... - 469
534. Water-borne imports and exports—Cargo tonnage, by trade regions and countries: 1930,1937, and
1938 ................................................................................ 470
535. Water-borne imports and exports—Cargo tonnage, by States and ports: 1936, 1937, and 1938---- 472
536. Water-borne imports and exports—Cargo tonnage, by major commodities and by coastal districts:
1938........... 474
537. Vessels entered and cleared in foreign trade—-Not tonnage: 1840 to 1939......................... 476
538. Vessels entered and cleared in foreign trade—Net tonnage by rogions and by customs districts:
1936 to 1939.................. 477
539. Vessels entered in foreign trade-—Net tonnage, by classes: 1881 to 1939______________________ 478
540. Vessels cleared in foreign trade—Net tonnage, by classes: 1881 to 1939---- - 479

X Y I
CONTENTS
Table
Page
541. Vessels entered and cleared at seaports in foreign trade—Net tonnage, by countries of origin
and destination: 1914 to 1939..................... 480
542. Vessels entered and cleared at seaports in foreign trade—Not tonnage, by nationality of vessel:
1914 to 1939— ............ 481
643. Exports (including reexports) and imports of merchandise—Value, by method of carriage:
1830 to 1935...1................. 482
22. FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE UNITED STATES
544. Foreign trade of the United States—Summary; 1921 to 1939........ 483
648. Merchandise trade of continental United States with foreign countries and outlying Territories
and possessions; 1903 to 1939........................................................... 484
646. Gold under earmark for foreign account in the United States: 1926 to 1939..........................................484
647. Balance of international payments to the United States: 1938 and 1939....................................... 485
548. Exports and imports of gold, by months: 1934 to 1939................................................ 485
549. Exports and imports of silver, by months: 1934 to 1939................................................................. 486
550. Exports (including reexports) and general imports of merchandise, by months: 1936 to 1940___ 486
551. Exportable goods, production and proportion exported: 1909 to 1937.......... 486
552. Exports and Imports of merchandise: 1791 to 1939....... 487
553. Exports and imports of gold, silver, and of merchandise, gold, and silver combined: 1821 to 1939.. 488
564. Supplement to tables 652 and 653: Calendar years 1900 to 1915, and fiscal years ended June 30,
1926 to 1940................... 489
555. Exports and imports of merchandise, with trade balances: 1700 to 1894........... 490
656. Exports and Imports of merchandise, per oapita: 1791 to 1939. 490
557. Imports entored for consumption and duties thereon: 1821 to 1939................................ 491
568. Exports of United States merchandise—Value of selected articles: 1821 to 1939........ _........ 492
559. Imports—Valuo of selected commodities: 1821 to 1939.............................................. 494
660. Exports of United States merchandise and imports—Indexes of quantity, unit value (price),
and total value: 1913 to 1939........ 490
561. Exports and imports of merchandise, by economic classes—Percent distribution: 1821 to 1939... 497
502. Exports of United States merchandise and imports, by economic classes: 1821 to 1939........ 498
503. Imports of merchandise, free and dutiable, and percent free, by economic classes: 1821 to 1939.. 600
664. Foreign trade with each continent, by economic classes: 1921 to 1939.............................................. 502
666. Foreign trade—Percent each continent furnishes or takes of total in each economic class: 1926
to 1039...................... 503
666. Foreign trade—Percent each economic class forms of total for each continent: 1926 to 1939.......... 603
567, Exports (including reexports) and general imports of merchandise, by continents: 1821 to 1939__ 604
568. Exports and general Imports, by continents—Percent distribution: 1821 to 1939........................... 606
660. Imports for consumption, free and dutiable, by principal countries: 1937, 1038, and 1939. ........... 507
670. Exports (including reexports) and general imports of merchandise by continents, commercial
regions, and countries: 1021 to 1939............... 508
671. Exports (including reexports) and imports of merchandise, 1937, 1938, and 1939, and duties collected,
1939, by customs districts........................................................................... 514
672. Exports (including reexports) and imports of merchandise, by groups of customs districts: 1860 to
1939.............................. 515
673. Exports (including reexports) and imports of merchandise, by principal customs districts: 1860 to
1039.................................... . ................................................................................................. 616
674. Imported dutiable merchandise entered for consumption—Values, calculated duties, and average
rate of duty, by tarill schedules: 1914 to 1939............. 618
575. Exports of United States merchandise, by commodity groups and articles: 1926 to 1939.............. 521
576. Imports of merchandise, by commodity groups and articles: 1926 to 1939.................................. 675
577. In-transit and transshipment trade of the United States: 1932 to 1939................................ 614
23. COMMERCE OF NONCONTIGUOUS TERRITORIES
578. Imports and exports of Alaska: 1882 to 1939....................................................................................... 616
579. Imports and exports of Puerto Rico: 1901 to 1939.............................................................................. 616
580. Imports and exports of Hawaii: 1901 to 1939........................................................ 616
581. Imports and exports of the Philippine Islands: 1901 to 1939..............-.......... 617
582. Imports and exports of American Samoa: 1916 to 1939............... 617
683. Imports and exports of the Virgin Islands: 1911 to 1939...................... 618
584. Imports and exports of Guam: 19)6 to 1939.............................................. 618
685. Shipments of principal products to the United States from Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the
Philippine Islands: 1936 to 1939 ........................................................................................................ 619
586. Shipments of merchandise from the United States to Alaska, Hawaii. Puerto Rico, and the Philippine
Islands: 1938 and 1939..................................................................................... 620

CONTENTS
X V II
24. IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
Table
Page
587. Irrigation projects, Federal—Consolidated financial statement, as of June 30, 1939...... 622
588. Irrigation projects, Federal—Costs and amounts to be repaid by water users, by projects, to
June 30, 1939................................................................. _. 623
589. Irrigation projects, Federal-Charges and rental, by projects, to June 30, 1939............................... 624
590. Irrigation projects, Federal—Acreage irrigable and cropped, and value of crops, by projects: 1936. 625
591. Boulder Canyon project—Financial statement as of June 30,1930...................... 025
692, Irrigation projects, Federal—Acreage irrigable, irrigated, and net area iti cultivation, and value
of crops, 1924 to 1939; not area, production and value of crops, 1938 and 1939................... 526
593. Irrigation enterprises—Summary for the 19 irrigation States: 1910,1920, and 1930____ 627
594. Irrigation enterprises, by character, by acreage and investment: 1920 and 1930 .............................. _ 627
595. Irrigation enterprises, by area, 1910, 1920, and 1930, and by investment and costs, 1920 and 1930,
by States........................ 628
590. Irrigation enterprises, by acreage and investment, by drainage basins: 1920 and 1930.................... 629
597. All crops and irrigated crops in irrigation States, by acreage and value: 1929_____ 029
598. Irrigated farms reporting and acreage of irrigated land from which crops were harvested, by
States: 1929 and 1934.................. 630
598. Irrigated crops harvested, by acreage, production, and value: 1828..................................... 631
600. Drainage on farms and drainage enterprises—Summary: 1920 and 1930............ . . ........................... 632
601. Drainage enterprises—Area and Investment, by year of organization and by character; 1930___ 632
602. Drainage enterprises- Area and investment 1919 and 1929; condition and occupied farm area,
1929; by States............................................................ 633
25. FARMS—GENERAL STATISTICS
603. Population, farms, and farm property—Summary: 1850 to 1935............. 634
604. Farms—Average values per farm and per acre, by States: 1920 to 1935______________________ 636
605. Farms, by number and acreage, by States: 1910 to 1935...................... _........ 630
006. Farm land, by use, by States: 1929 and 1934....... _........... 638
607. Farm property—Value, by elass, by States: 1820, 1925, and 1930......... .............. 640
608. Farms—Number and acreage, by size groups: 1900 to 1935_____ _______ 042
609. Farms—Number, by size groups, by States: 1935..................... 643
610. Farms—Number and acreage, by color and tenure of operators: 1900 to 1035..............._.............. 644
011. Farms—Number, by tenure of operators, by States; 1930 and 1935................... 646
612. Farm acreage, by tenure of operators, by States: 1930 and 1035........................ __ 046
613. Crop land—Acreage available and acreage in crops, by tenure of operators, by States: 1934.......... 647
614. Farms and farm acreage—Percentage operated by tenants, by States: 1910 to 1936......................... 048
016. Farm land and buildings, value, and average value por farm, by tenure of operators, by States;
1930 and 1935.............. 649
616. Farms—Number, acreage, and value, by color of operators, for North and West, and by color
and tenure of operators, for South, by States: 1930 and 1935...... 660
017. Farm-mortgage Indebtedness—Summary by tenure of operators, 1930 and 1935, and for farms
operated by full owners, 1910 to 1935........................ __ 653
618. Farm-mortgage status of full owners, by age, 1020 and 1930, and by color and age, 1930............... 653
619. Farm mortgages—Number of mortgaged farms and amount of mortgage debt, by States: 1030
and 1935....................................................................................................................................................... . . . 654
820. Mortgaged farms operated by full owners—Number, acreage, and value, and amount of mortgage
debt, by States: 1030 and 1935.................................... 655
621. Taxes on farms owned wholly by operators, by States: 1929.......................... 660
622, Farm population, housing, and labor, by States: 1935........................................ 057
023. Part-time work off farms—Operators reporting, by number of days worked, 1929 and 1934, and
by occupation and color and tenure of operator, 1934............................ 058
624. Part-time work off farms—Operators reporting, by number of days worked, by States: 1929 and
1934............................................................................................. 069
625. Farm expenditures for specified purposes, by States: 1929....................................... ......................... 660
626. Farm machinery and facilities, by States: 1930........................................ 662
627. Farm wage rates and index numbers, for the United States, 1909 to 1939, and by geographic
divisions, 1938, 1939, and 1940................................................ —......................................................... 064
628. Fertilizer consumption, by States: 1932 to 1939.............................................. 665
629. Farmers’ cooperative marketing and purchasing, by States: 1924 and 1929.............. 666
630. Farmers' business associations, by number, membership, and value of business done, by States
and by commodity groups: 1935-36,1037-38, and 1938-39......................... 667
26. FARM PRODUCTION AND RELATED STATISTICS
631. Farm income—Estimated cash and gross income, by major groups of commodities, and Government
payments: 1936 to 1939................................................................................... -............. 668
632. Farm income—Estimated cash and gross income, by commodities: 1938 and 1939........ 609
267708°— 41----- -2

X V III
CONTENTS
Table
Page
833. F arm Income—Estimated gross and cash Income and Government payments, by States: 1938
and 1939..................................................... -........ 070
634. F arm Income and expenditures—Estimated cash income, production expenses, and net cash:
1024 to 1930..................................................................................................................................... 671
035. Farm income and expenditures—Estimated gross income, expenditures, and income available for
operators' capital, labor, and management: 1924 to 1936....... 671
635. F arm production—Indexes of volume, by major groups of products: 1921 to 1939.......................... 672
637, Prices received by farmers—Indexes, by major groups of products: 1910 to 1940....... 672
038. Prices received and paid by farmers, and wholesale prices—Indexes, annually, 1910 to 1939, and
quarterly, 1938 to 1940....... 673
639. Agricultural products exported—Value of chief products: 1910 to 1939____ 673
640. Agricultural produots exported—Value, by major groups: 1910 to 1939______________ -.. 674
041. Agricultural products imported—Value, by major groups: 1926 to 1939____________________— 674
642. Agricultural products exported—Indexes of quantity: 1910 to 1940__________ 674
643. Agricultural and forest products—Exports and imports: 1857 to 1940....... 676
27. FARM ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS
644. Domestic animals on farms—Number and value: 1880 to 1940...............-____ _________ 676
645. Domestic animals and chickens on farms—Number and value, by kind, and farms reporting:
1925, 1930, and 1935............................................................................................................................. 670
048. Domestic animals on farms, by kind, by age groups: 1930 and 1035..................................... 677
547. Domestic animals on farms—Number, by kind, by States: 1930 to 1940.................................. .... 678
648. Chickens on farms, 1930 and 1935, and eggs produced and chickens raised, 1929 and 1034, by States. 680
649. Domestio animals—Receipts and shipments, by kind, by stockyards: 1921 to 1939............. — 031
650. Domestio animals—Receipts, local slaughter, and Stocker and feeder shipments at public stockyards,
by kind: 1021 to 1930.....................................................................- ............. ._.......... 682
65]. Domestio animals—Receipts at public stockyards, by kind, by months: 1931 to 1940.................. 682
052. Domestio animals—Average prices recetvod by farmers and average Chicago market price, by
kind: 1911 to 1039................................................ . ...................... 682
653. Domestio animals—Monthly average prices at Chicago, by kind; 1935 to 1940--............... 083
064. Domestic animals—Monthly average prices received by farmers, by kind: 1938, 1939, and 1940.. 683
656. M eats and animal products—Wholesale prices and indexes, by kind: 1000 to 1930......... 684
656. M eat animals slaughtered—Total and slaughter under Federal inspection, bykind: 1901tol939._ 684
657. M eats and lard—Production, foreign trade, and consumption, by kind: 1032 to 1939....... —........ 685
658. Animal products of farms—Quantity and value, by kind: 1924,1929, and 1934___________ 636
659. M ilk produots—Quantity, by kind: 1934 to 1939..___ I . . . . .................... 686
660. B u tter and cheese—Production, gross receipts at leading five markots, and cold-storage holdings:
1921 to 1940................................. 687
061. B utter, butterfat, and cheese—Average prices received by farmers and wholesale prices at New
Y ork: 1927 to 1940............................................. 687
682. M ilk—Estimated consumption in manufacture of milk products: 1932 to 1938----------------------- 688
603. Oleomargarine—Production and materials consumed: 1916 to 1939_______ 688
664. Poultry—Average prices received by fanners and receipts at leading fonr markets: 1914 to 1940. 630
666. Eggs—Prices, receipts at leading markets, and storage: 1931 to 1940...... 080
066. Anim al products and fish—Cold-storage holdings, by kind, by months: 1936 to 1940....... - .......... 690
667. M ilk and butter—Production, by States: 1924 to 1935_____ 691
608. Wool—Production, imports, and exports: 1830 to 1939_____ 602
660. Wool—Prices, value of imports, and receipts at Boston: 1014 to 1939..................... - ....................... 602
670. Wool—Estimated production and weight per fleece, by States: 1932 to 1939_________________ 693
671. Wool consumed In manufactures: 1910 to 1939 ............................. 693
072. Anim al produots—Chief classes, by quantity and value, and animals slaughtered: 1931 to 1937___ 694
28. FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
673. Crop production—Indexes for important crops: 1919 to 1939.............. 696
674. Acroago losses—Estimated acreages of certain crops planted and not harvested: 1919 to 1939....... 605
676. Crops—Acreage, production, and value, by kind: 1900 to 1034______________________ —........ 696
076. Agricultural commodities—Production, by ohlof kinds: 1800 to 1939_______ 698
677. Principal crops—Acreage, production, and value: I860 to 1939_______ -......—_____ 699
678. Potatoes—Acreage production, and value, by States: 1928 to 1039.........-......... — ..........—.......... 704
679. Corn—Acreage, production, and value, by States: 1028 to 1930_______ — ....................... 706
680. W heat—Acreage, production, and value, by Statos: 1928 to 1039..................... 708
081. Tobacco—Acreage, production, and value, by Statos: 1928 to 1039 .................................................. 710
682. W heat, spring and winter—Acreage and production: 1921 to 1039......................................... .......... 711
683. Sweetpotatoes—Acreage, production, and value, by States: 1928 to 1930........................................ 711
684. Oats—Acreage, production, and value, by States: 1028 to 1989......................................................... 712

CONTENTS
X IX
Table
Page
685. Barley and rice—Acreage, production, and value, by States: 1928 to 1939_....... 713
686. Rye and grain sorghums—Acreage, production, and value, by States: 1928 to 1939........................ 7U
687. Cotton and cottonseed—Acreage, production, and value, b y States: 1911 to 1936........................... 715
688. Hay, tame—Acreage, production, and value, by States: 1928 to 1939........ 718
689. Hay, wild—Acreage, production, and value, by States: 1928 to 1939....... 719
660. Truck crops, commercial—Acreago, production, and value, by kind, 1928 to 1939, and for leading
States, 1939...............................-................................................................................... 720
691. Orchard and citrus fruits and grapes—Production and value, by kind: 1928 to 1939................. 721
692. Apples, peaches, pears, and grapes—Production, by States: 1928 to 1939................................... 721
693. Apples, peaches, and pears—Production: 1891 to 1939....... ..................................................-.............. 722
694. Apples, peaches, pears, and grapes—Prices received by farmers, by States: 1936 to 1939.............. 722
695. Sugar beets—Acreage, production, prices received by farmers, and value, 1001 to 1939, and by
States, 1936 to 1939.................................................................................. -. 723
696. Sugarcane and sirup—Production, 1931 to 1939, and by States, 1937, 1938, and 1939-------- 723
697. Sugarcane, cane sugar, and molasses—Production in continental United States: 1909 to 1939___ 724
698. Sugarcane and cane sugar—Production of Hawaii: 1926 to 1939...............................-........................ 724
699. Sugarcane and cane sugar—Production of Puerto Rico: 1926-27 to 1938-39— „..................... 725
700. Maple sirup and sugar—Production, 1859 to 1940, and by States, 1938,1939, and 1940................... 725
701. Sugar, beet and cane, chiefly raw—Production, for continental United States, Puerto Rico,
Hawaii, Philippines, and world; 3870 to 1939............ 726
702. Sugar, beet and cane—Stocks, production, trade, and calculated disappearance in continental
United States: 1866 to 1939........................... -................................................ 726
703. Sugar, beet and cane, raw—Percent distribution of consumption in continental United States,
by source: 1870 to 1939................................................................................................................-........ 727
704. Sugar, raw and refined—Wholesale prices, New York, 1891 to 1939, and by months, 1937, 1938,
and 1939.............. 728
705. Rubber—World production and U. S. imports: 1911 to 1939........ - ...........................— 728
706. Cotton—Production, consumption, exports, imports, prices, and carry-over: 1905 to 1940.......... 729
707. Cottonseed and cottonseed products—Production, value, and exports, 1881 to 1940, and by
States, 1940................................................................................................—................. — ................. - 730
708. Cotton (excluding linters)—Exports, by countries: 1866 to 1940--------- 731
709. Coffee—Imports and reexports: 1830 to 1939.................... 731
710. Tea—Net imports: 1830 to 1939.................................. — 732
711. Cocoa and chocolate—Imports: 1871 to 1939..................... - .................................—-.......................... 732
712. Silk and silk manufactures—Imports and exports: 1871 to 1939...........- .................... - ................ — 732
713. Corn, rice, flaxseed, and tobacco—Exports and imports: 1852 to 1940................................................ 733
714. Wheat—Supply, distribution, and disappearance, in continental United States; 1920 to 1939__ 733
715. Wheat—Exports and imports: 1852 to 1940.............................. - . 734
716. Corn, wheat, and oats—Commercial stocks, by months: 1930-31 to 1939-40..............-..................... 734
717. Wheat, corn, and oats—Receipts at primary markets, by crop years: 1931 to 1939......................... 735
718. Grain received at six Atlantic ports, by port and by kind: 1910 to 1939_______ 735
719. Grain prices—Average market prices, by kind, by market: 1909 to 1939— ............. - ...................... 736
720. Average prices received by farmers for specified crops—M onthly averages: 1937 to 1040_______ 736
721. Freight rates on wheat from Buffalo and Chicago to New York: 1902 to 1939-............................... 737
722. Grain-mill products—Grains ground and flour, feed, etc., produced: 1929 to 1937.......................... 737
723. Selected foods, processed and manufactured, by quantity and value: 1933, 1935, and 1937............ 739
29. FORESTS AND FOREST PRODUCTS
724. Forests—Area, saw-timber stand, and annual growth estimates, by regions: 1938.......................... 740
725. Stand of saw timber (estimated), by region and kind of wood: 1938— ........... - ............................... 741
726. National forest areas, by States, and for Alaska and Puerto Rico: June 30,1939............................ 741
727. National forest reservations—Land purchases, by States and for Puerto Rico, to June 30,1039---- 742
728. National forests—Summary of operations: 1933 to 1939....................................................................— 742
729. Forest fires—Number, area, and damage: 1931 to 1939........................................................ -............ 743
730. Forest fires—Number, area burned, and damage, by cause, in protected areas: 1931 to 1939......... 743
731. Forest Arcs—Area burned, by type, and damage, by kind, in protected areas: 1933 to 1939_______ 744
732. Timber removed annually from commercial forests........... ........ 744
733. Lumber—Production, by kind of wood, and average mill value: 1899 to 1938.................................. 745
734. Lumber—Production, by regions and States: 1889 to 1938................................................................... 746
735. Lumber—Average mill value per 1,000 board feet, by kind of wood: 1899 to 1038................. 747
736. Veneers—Wood consumed in manufacture, by States and by kind of wood: 1931 to 1937______ 747
737. Lath and shingles—Production, 1899 to 1938, and by States, 1935 to 1938.......... 748
738. Cooperage stock—Production, by kind: 1909 to 1937____ - ______________ 748
739. Pulpwood—Consumption by mills, and mill cost: 1899 to 1938_____ 749
740. Wood pulp—Production, 1899 to 1938, and by States and by process, 1909 to 1938—......... 749
741. Paper and paperboard—Production, by kind: I9S1 to 1938................. 750
742. Turpentine and rosin—Production, 1899 to 1940, and by States, 1919 to 1940__ -............................ 750

X X
CONTENTS
30. FISHERIES
Table
Page
743. Fishery products—-Quantity and value, by sections and States: 1880 to 1038................................ 751
744. Fisheries—Summary for the United States, by sections: 1938.........-.............................................. 753
745. Fishery products landed at Seattle by U. S. vessels, and fish received by Seattle wholesale
dealers: 1936 to 1939 _- . ..............-....................................................... -.................... 753
746. Fishery products landed at Boston and Gloucester, Mass., and Portland, Maine, by U. S.
vessels: 1939 and earlier years................................. —.......................... -.................................. 754
747. Fishery products, canned, and byproducts—Value, by kind, for United States (including
Alaska): 1932 to 1939............................................... ---..................... -. 754
748. Salmon, canned—Output, by kind, for Washington, Oregon, and Alaska: 1039 and earlier years.. 755
749. Fishery products of Alaska—Quantity and value, by kind; 1925 to 1939_________ 765
750. Salmon canned in Alaska—Output and average price, by kind: 1911 to 1039— 756
751. Fish propagation—Output of eggs, fry, and fingerlings, by Bureau of Fisheries, 1895 to 1939, and
by kind, 1939—............................... 756
31. MINING AND M INERAL PRODUCTS
752. Mineral products of the United States—Value, for metallic and nonmetallic: 1881 to 1939......... 767
753. Nonferrous metals—Yearly average prices, by kind: 1896 to 1939.......................... 767
754. Mines and quarries— Summary for producing and nonproducing enterprises: 1929......................... 768
755. Mines and quarries, producing—Summary: 1909 to 1929.......................................... 758
756. Mines and quarries, producing—Summary, by States: 1019 and 1929.............................................. 759
757. Mines and quarries, producing—Summary, by industries: 1919 and 1929........................................ 760
768. Mineral industries—Summary for specified industries: 1035............................................................. 761
769. Mines and quarries, producing—Establishments classified by number of wage earners, by
principal industries: 1929................................................... -. 762
760. Mines and quarries, producing—Hours of labor, by industries: 1929............................................... 762
761. Mineral production, by States and for Alaska: 1932 to 1938............................................................ 763
762. Mineral products of the United States—Quantities and values: 1920 to 1939.......................... . ...... 764
763. Iron ore—Production, shipments, exports, and Imports, 1881 to 1939, and production, by region,
State, and kind, 1936 to 1939...... 768
764. Pigiron and ferro-alloys—Pi oduction, by States, disposition, kind, andfueland materials used:
1900 to 1939..............-....................... 768
765. Pig iron and ferro-alloys and steel ingots and castings—Production, exports, and imports: 1871
to 1939........................................................................ 769
760. Rolled and miscellaneous steel products—Production, by kind: 1010 to 1939........... 769
767. Iron and steel, finished rolled—Production, exports, and imports: 1870 to 1939................. 770
768. Steel, wire and wire products, tin. plate and terneplnte, and cast-iron pipe and fittings—Production:
1933, 1035, and 1937................................... -. 771
760. Steel ingots and castings—Production, by grade: 1890 to 1939............. 773
770. Blast furnaces and steel mills—Summary: 1889 to 1937....................., .................... 773
771. Iron and steel—Aggregate exports; 1890 to 1939............................. 773
772. Iron and steel—Exports, by kind: 1936 to 1939.............................. 774
773. Iron and steel—Exports, by destination; 1937,1938, and 1939...................................... 774
774. Iron and steel—Average annual prices, by class or kind: 1891 to 1939............................................ 775
775. Aluminum and bauxite—Production, exports, and imports: 1913 to 1939....................................... 775
776. Copper—Production, exports, imports, and consumption: 1910 to 1939........................................... 776
777. Copper—Smelter production, by State of origin of ore: 1930 to 1939.............. 776
778. Copper—Smelter and refinery output: 1850 to 1939........... 777
779. Copper—Exports and imports: 1891 to 1939............. 777
780. Lead, recoverable—Mine production, by States and for Alaska: 1920 to 1939................................. 778
781. Lead—Production of refined primary and secondary lead, 1830 to 1039, and by class and source,
1880 to 1939..................................................................................................... 778
782. Lead—Supply and distribution of refined primary pig: 1910 to 1939-........................................ 779
783. Nonferrous metals and alloys, and finished products thereof—Production, by kind: 1933, 1935,
and 1937................... 779
784. Zinc—Production of ore, by States, smelter production, and primary slab zinc available for consumption:
1910 to 1939.......................................................... 780
785. Zinc, primary—Smolter production from domestic ore: 1875 to 1939...................... 780
780. Gold and silver—Production in continental United States, Alaska, Puerto Rico, and Philippine
Islands: 1792 to 1939............................... 781
787. Gold and silver for use in manufactures and the arts: 1880 to 1939._.............................................. 782
788. Silver—Prices, London and New York, and value in the dollar: 1835 to 1939........ 782
780. Coke—Production, exports, and imports: 1896 to 1939................... 783
790. Coke—By-product and beehive production, by States: 1915 to 1939.............................................. 783
791. Coal—Production, 1821 to 1939, and by States, 1911 to 1939.............................................................. 784
792. Coal—Exports, imports, and bunker coal laden on vessels in foreign trade: 1891 to 1939............. 785

CONTENTS
X X I
Table
p age
793. Coal—Shipments, value, and employment in mines: 1890 to 1939........................ 785
794. Bituminous coal—Consumption, by class of consumer: 1889 to 1039................................................. 788
705. Strikes in anthracite and bituminous coal mining industries, by major issues involved: 1928 to
1039-.............................................. 786
796. Coal for household use—Retail prices, by cities: 1929 to 1939...............................*............................ 787
797. Goal—Average retail prices and indexes for large cities combined: 1931 to 1940....... _............ 788
798. Natural gas and natural gasoline—Production, 1906 to 1939, and by States, 1926 to 1939............... 788
799. Manufactured-gas industry—Fuel consumed, by kind and by use: 1932 to 1939.............. 789
800. Manufactured-gas and natural-gas industries—Summary: 1932 to 1939..................... 789
801. Gas prices—Monthly prices of specified quantities, by cities, based on rate as of Deo. 15, 1939- - 790
802. Petroleum, crude—Production: 1861 to 1939................................. 791
803. Petroleum, crude and refined—Production, imports, exports, and bunker oil laden on vessels
in foreign trade: 1871 to 1939........................*.............................. 791
804. Petroleum, crude—World production; United States production by regions and States: 1911
to 1939.................................. ................................................... . . ............... 792
805. Petroleum and petroleum products—Stocks on Dec. 31: 1920 to 1939.................................. 792
806. Oils, crude and refined—Supply and demand: 1933 to 1939............................................................... 703
807. Petroleum products—Production, by kind: 1933,1935, and 1937......................................... - 793
808. Petroleum and natural gasoline—Amounts run to stills; refinery production, stocks, exports, and
apparent consumption of products: 1918 to 1939............ 794
809. Petroleum and natural gasoline—Amounts run to stills, 1938 and 1939, and refinery products,
1939, by regions........................................... 794
810. Petroleum pipe lines—Summary: 1921 to 1930........................._— ____ 795
811. Petroleum and petroleum products—Prices, 1921 to 1939, and by months, 1939........ 795
812. Oil wells, number and production, 1937 and 1038, and number of oil and gas wells drilled, 1938
and 1939, by States........................................ - ............ 795
a 813. Asphalt—Supply, distribution, and value: 1933 to 1939..................................................................... 796
814. Gypsum—Supply, sales, imports, and exports: 1935 to 1939.............................. 796
815. Portland cement—Production, by States; shipments, imports, and stocks: 1910 to 1939.............. 797
816. Portland cement—Shipments, by States, and exports: 1936 to 1939............- ................................ 707
817. Cement—Production, by kind: 1890 to 1939............................ 798
818. Stone—Sales, by kind and by use: 1933 to 1939___-----.................. 798
819. Glass and glassware—Production, by kind: 1931, 1935, and 1937—- - - .............- ................... 799
820. Clay products—Production, by kind: 1933,1935, and 1937*.——............... —........ ------------ 799
821. Clay building materials—Production of brick, tile, and fire-clay products: 1915 to 1938................ 800
822. Salt—Production, exports, and imports, 1880 to 1939, and production, by States and by kind,
1915 to 1939.................................... — .-----. -..... 8G0
823. Accidents in mineral industries—Number of men employed, killed, and injured, and rate: 1924
to 1938-......... - ................................. 801
824. Accidents in mineral industries—Number of men employed, killed, and injured, by industry
groups: 1938 and earlier years............................................................................................................ 801
32. MANUFACTURES
825. Manufactures—Summary: 1849 to 1937.......................... 802
826. Population, wage earners, and production—Indexos: 1899 to 1937................................................. - 803
827. Manufacturing establishments classified according to number of wage earners: 1935 and 1937— 803
828. Manufacturing establishments classified by value of products: 1937................................................. 803
829. Industrial production—Indexes, by groups: 1923 to 1940......................... - .......... 804
830. Manufactures—Summary for industry groups and industries: 1931 to 1937.......... 805
831. Manufactures—Summary, by States: 1935 and 1937............... - ........................ .............. ■839
832. Manufactures—Summary for industrial areas: 1935 and 1937..................... 841
833. Textile manufactures—Production, by kind: 1935 and 1937....... -..................................... 842
834. Boots and shoes (other than rubber)—Production, by class: 1914 to 1939..................................... 844
835. Leather—Production, by principal types of raw stock: 1928 to 1939.............. 845
836. Leather—Production, by kind: 1931,1935, and 1937------ . ------------- 845
837. Chemicals—Production, by kind: 1933,1935, and 1937----- 848
838. Miscellaneous products made by chemical processes: 1938,1935, and 1937................ 848
839. Tanning materials, natural dyestuffs, mordants and assistants, and si7.es—Production, by kind:
1933, 1935, and 1937................................................. -......... - ................ -................... 850
840. Rubber products—Production, by kind: 1933, 1935, and 1937................... - .......... *.......................... 850
841. Printing and publishing—Receipts and circulation: 1920 to 1937............ - .............. ........................ 851
842. Engines, turbines, water Wheels, windmills, and locomotives—Value, by kind: 1929 to 1937....... 851
843. Machinery—Value of the principal classes manufactured: 1929 to 1937----- 852
844. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies—Value, by classes: 1929 to 1937—.......................... 853
845. Farm equipment—Production, by class and kind: 1937,1938, and 1939— ______ - 854
'846. Mapbtoe torts—Production, by kind: 1933,1935, and 855

X X II
CONTENTS
Table
Page
847. Machine-tool accessories and machinists* precision tools—Production, by kind: 1933, 1935, and
1937. ................................. -........................................................ 855
848. Refrigerating and ice-making apparatus—Production: 1935 and 1937................................ 856
849. Radios, radio tubes, and phonographs—Production: 1935 and 1937......................................... 857
850. Motor vehicles and aircraft—Production: 1933, 1935, and 1937_____________________________ 858
851. Bicycles—Production: 1890 to 1937........ 858
862. Cotton spindles, cotton consumption, and stOGks: 1840 to 1940.......................... 859
853. Cotton spindle activity, 1938,1939,1940, and cotton consumption, 1931 to 1940, by States........... 860
854. Explosives—Amounts (excluding exports) manufactured and sold, continental United States
and Alaska: 1915 to 1939............ ..... 860
865. Tobacco products—Production, by kind, 1901 to 1939, and by States, 1939............. 861
856. Tobacco consumption in the United States: 1933 to 1939....................... 861
857. Tobacco, leaf—Amounts consumed in the manufacture of cigars, cigarettes, chewing and smoking
tobacco, and snuff: 1896 to 1939............ . .................................... ........ 862
858. Distilled spirits, wines, fermented malt liquors, and cereal beverages—Production, tax-paid
withdrawals, and imports.......................................................................... _..................................... 862
859. Denatured alcohol: 1910 to 1940-............ -............... 863
860. Ethyl alcohol and other distilled spirits, except brandy—Materials used in production, by kinds::
1901 to 1940................. 863
861. Motion-picture production—Summary: 1921 to 1937................................ 864
862. Patent applications, caveats filed, and patents and certificates of registration issued since initiation
of the patent system: 1836 to 1939................... .. 865
33. DISTRIBUTIONS, SERVICE, AND HOTELS
863. Manufacturers' sales—Distribution, by primary channels, by industry groups: 1929 and 1935.. 866
864. Manufacturers' sales—Primary channels of distribution and distribution expenses, by industry
groups: 1935.......................................................... 867 *
865. Wholesale trade—Summary, by States: 1929, 1933, and 1936............ 868
866. Wholesale trade—Net salos, 1929 to 1930; number of establishments and net sales, by type of
operation, 1933 and 1935.............. 870
867. Wholesale trade—Summary, by type of operation and kind of business: 1935................................ 870
868. Wholesale trade—Summary for 25 cities: 1935.................................................................... 876
869. Wholesale trade—Percentage changes in sales: 1935 to 1937............................................................... 875
870. Retail trade—Percentage changes in sales, for total stores, independents, and chains, by kind-ofbusiness
groups: 1935 to 1637 and first half of 1937 to first half of 1938............. 876
871. Retail trade—Net sales, by kind of business groups: 1932 to 1939.................... „ 876
872. Retail trade—Number of stores and net sales, by business groups and kind of business: 1929,
1933, and 1935.............. 877
873. Retail trade—Summary, by business groups and kind of business: 1935.......................... ................ 878
874. Retail chains—Summary: 1929, 1933, and 1935................... 879
875. Retail trade—Number of stores and net sales, by typo of operation: 1929,1933, and 1935______ 879
876. Retail trade—Summary for 26 kinds of business, by type of operation: 1935................................... 880
877. Retail trade—Summary, by States: 1929,1933, and 1935_....................... 882
878. Retail trade—Summary for each city having (in 1930) 50,000 or more inhabitants: 1935................. 884
879. Sales by department stores—Indexes of values, by Federal Reserve districts, 1922 to 1939, and
by months, 1937 to 1940............................................. : ......... 885
880. Sales by chain stores—Indexes of values, 1936 to 1939, and by months, 1938, 1939, and 1940.......... 886
881. Sales by selected groups of retail outlets—Indexes of dollar values, 1932 to 1939, and by months,
1938, 1939, and 1040....................................................................................... _ 886
S82. Retail sales of general merchandise in small towns and rural areas—Indexes of dollar values,
by regions, 1932 to 1939, and by months, 1938, 1939, and 1940............... 887
883. Service establishments—Summary, by service groups and kind of service: 1935............................. 887
884. Service establishments—Summary, by States: 1935.............. 889
885. Power laundries, cleaning and dyeing establishments, and rug-cleaning establishments—Summary.:
1919 to 1935.............................. 890
886. Hot.els—Summary for hotels with 25 or more guest rooms, 1929,1933, and 1935, and for all hotels,
by size, 1935........... 890
887. Hotels—Summary, by States: 1935___________ 891
888. Advertising agencies—Summary: 1935................................................................................ . . . . 892
889. Radio broadcasting—Summary: 1935............................ __.......... g92
34. CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING
800. Construction contracts awarded in 37 States—Value of construction and floor space of buildings,
by class of contraction: 1925 to:1939.__............. 893 /
891. Construction contracts awarded in 37 States—Value, by districts and States: 1932 to 894 1 /

CONTENTS
X X III
Table
Page
892. Construction contracts awarded in 37 States—Value, by public and private ownership, and
floor space, by months: 1936 to 1940..................................................................................... ............- 895
893. Construction contracts awarded—Indexes of value: 1919 to 1940........................................................ 895
804. Building permits issued—Number and cost of buildings, for principal cities: 1035 to 1939............ 896
895. Building permits issued—Number and cost of buildings, by class: 1038 and 1939........................... 890
896. Building construction-Cost, families provided for, and population, for 257 identical cities:
1923 to 1939................................. 899
897. Construction and other projects financed from Federal funds—Value, by type, 1936 to 1939, and
by fund, 1939................................1................................................. 900
898. Construction in the United States—Estimated expenditures for public and private construction:
1916 to 1939... 901
899. Construction industry—Summary, by class of contractor: 1935....................................................... - 902
900. Construction industry—Summary, by States: 1935.................. -......................................................... 903
901. Construction industry—Summary for 46,429 establishments, by class of contractor, and by
States: 3935,.............. 904
902. Construction industry—Value of work done, by class of construction, and by class of contractor:
1935______ 905
903. Construction industry—Summary, by States: 1929 and 1935.............................................................. 905
904. Residential structures—Summary for 04 cities: 1934................-........................................................- 007
905. Building-material prices and construction costs—Indexes; 1914 to 1939......................... 907
906. Urban housing, financial survey—Units surveyed, value of 1-family dwellings, rents, mortgages,
and family income, for 52 cities..................................... - .................................................................. 908
35. NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM AND RECREATIO NAL D EM O N STRATIO N AREAS
907. Areas administered by National Park Service, by type: June 30, 1940.............................................. 910
008. Areas administered by National Park Service—Name, year established, location, acreage, and
special characteristics: June 30,1940.................................................................. ---. 910
909. Areas under jurisdiction of National Park Service—Appropriations for administration, protection,
and improvement, and revenues: Fiscal years 1917 to 1940........................ -.......... - ............. 917
910. Visitors to National Parks and Monuments: 1916 to 1940.................................................................... 917
36. SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS FOR OUTLYING T ER R IT O R IE S AND POSSESSIONS
Oil. Outlying Territories and possessions and principal cities or towns—Population, 1900 to 1040, and
dwelling units, 1940............................................................... ................. ............-............................ 918
912. American Samoa—Population, by sex, race, nativity, and age: 1920,1930, and 1940......... 919
913. Guam—Population, by sex, race, nativity, and age: 1920, 1930, and 1940......................................... 919
014. Panama Canal Zone—Population, by sex, race, nativity, citizenship status, and age: 1920, 1930,
and 1940........................................ 920
915. Virgin Islands—Population, by sex, race, nativity, citizenship status, and age: 1917, 1930, and
1940----......... - ............................................................................. 920
916. Alaska—Manufactures, by industries: 1899 to 1939.................. —........................................—--------- 021
917. Hawaii—Manufactures, by industries: 1899 to 1939----------------------- — .--------- 022
Appendix........................................................................................ 925
Index............................................................................................. 920

STATISTICAL ABSTRACT OF THE UNITED STATES
1. AREA AND POPUI.ATION
N o. 1.-—T erritorial E xpansion of Continental United States and
Acquisitions of Outlying T erritories and P ossessions
N o t e .— Gross aruas include surfaoo of inland waters except Groat Lakes, Strait of Juan do Fuca, and Strait
of Georgia. Revisions aro due to greater accuracy of current maps. For dates of organization of States
and Territories, see table 2, p. 1, Statistical Abstract, 1931, and previous issues
ACCESSION
Date
Gross
area,
square
miles
ACCESSION
Dato
Gross
aroa,
square
miles
Aggregate (1030).................. 9, 798,396 Outlying territories and posses-
711,606
Continental United States_____ 3,026,786 Alaska Territory................. 1867 586,400
892,135
1898 6,407
1803 827,987
1899 114,400
1819 58,666
1890 3,435
1810 13,435
1899
206
1843 389,166 American Samoa................. 1000 7G
1840 286,541 •Panama Canal Zone........... 1904 549
Mexican Cession................. ,1848 529,180 Virgin Islands of the U. S._ 1917 133
Gadsdon Purchase.............. 1853 29,070
i Includes drainage basin of Red Rivor of the North, not a part of any accession, but in the past sometimes
considered a part of the Louisiana Purchase.
Source; Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Reports of Fourtoonth and Fifteenth Censuses,
Population, Vol. I.
No. 2 .— A r ea , by States: 1930
DIVISION AND STATE
AREA
(SQUARE MIUES)
DIVISION AND STATE
AREA
(SQUARE MIXES)
Land Water Total
Land Water Total
Continental U. S__ 2,973,776 >63,013 3,026,789
New England______
Maine.....................
Now Hampshire...
Vermont.................
Massachusetts.......
Ebodo Island.........
Conneotiout...........
Middle Atlantio..........
Now York..............
Now Jersey............
Pennsylvania.........
East North Central__
Ohio........................
Indiana...................
Illinois.....................
Michigan................
Wisconsin_______
West North Central—
Minnesota..............
Iowa........................
Missouri.................
North Dakota.......
South Dakota........
Nebraska................
Kansas...................
South Atlantic............
Delaware...............
Maryland...............
Dist. of Columbia..
61,976 4,448 66,424
20,895 3,145 33,040
9,031 310 9,341
9,124 440 9,564
8,039 227 8,266
1,067 181 1,248
4,820 145 4,065
100,000 2, m 102,564
47,054 >1, 550 49, 204
7, 514 710 8,224
44, 832 * 294 45,126
245, 564 2, 541 248,105
40, 740 >300 41,040
36,046 *309 36,354
56,043 2 622 56,666
57,480 1 500 57,980
56, 256 * 810 56,066
510,804 7,576 518,379
80,858 >3,824 84,682
55,586 501 50,147
68,727 693 09,420
70,183 654 70.837
76, 868 747 77, 635
76, 808 712 77,520
81,774 384 82,158
208,073 13,837 282,910
1,965 405 2,370
9,041 2,386 12,827
62 8 70
South Atlantio—Con.
Virginia......... ......
West Virginia___
North Carolina-..
South Carolina....
Georgia................
Florida.................
East South Central—,
Kentucky............ .
Tonnessoe............ .
Alabama............. .
Mississippi.......... .
West South Central-,
Arkansas...............
Louisiana..............
Oklahoma............
Texas................... .
Monntain_________
Montana_______
Idaho....................
Wyoming....... ......
Colorado...............
New Mexico____
Arizona.................
U ta h -...................
Nevada.................
F&ciflo........... -..........
Washington..........
Oregon...................
California..............
40,202
21,022
48,740,
30,490
58,726
54,801
170, 609
40,181
41,087
51, 279
46,302
420,748
62, 526
45, 409
69,414
m , 398
869,009
140,131
83,364
97,648
103,858
122,503
113, 810
82,184
109,821
318,096
60,836
95, 007
155,662
2,366
148
3,686
494
640
3,805
1,974
417
336
719
503
8,043
810
3,097
643
3,498
634
360
290
131
146
2,806
869
6,028
2, 291
1,092
2,045
42,027
24,170
52,426
30,089
59,265
68,666
181,483
40.698
42,022
51,098
46,865
437,794
53,336
48,506
70,067
265,896
866,017
146,097
83.888
97,914
103,948
122, 634
113, 056
84, 990
110, 690
324,123
69,127
96.699
168,297
i Does not Include the water surface of tho oceans, tho Gulf of Mexico, or tbo Groat Lakes, the Strait
of Juan de Fuca, and tho Strait of Georgia, lying within tho jurisdiction of the Unitod States.
>Exclusive of Great Lakes. , „
3 Exclusive of water aroa of the Strait of Juan de Fuca and Strait of Georgia.
Source; Department of Commerce, Bureau of tho Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Voi. I.
1

2 AREA AND POPULATION
N o. 3 .— A b b a a n d P o p u l a t i o n o f C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1790 t o 1940
N o t e .—The enumeration of 1870 was incomplete in the Southern States. The last column shows the estimated
rate of increase corrected for 1870 and 1880
AREA
(SQUARE MILES)
POPULATION
c e n s u s y e a s
G ross
Land
Water
Number
Per
square
mile1
Increase over preceding census
Number
Percent
Corrected
percent,
estimated
1700............... — 892,135 867,980
1800__________ 892,135 867,980
1810...................... 1,720,122 1,685,865
1820__________ 1,792,223 1,753,588
1830...................... 1,792; 223 1,753,588
1840...................... 1,792,223 1,753,688
1850...................... 2,997,119 2,044,337
I 8 6 0 .................. 3,026,789 2,973,965
1870...................... 3,026,789 2,973,905
1880...................... 3,020,789 2,973,905
1890...................... 3.026,789 2 ,973.965
1900...................... 3,026,789 2,974,169
1910...................... 3,020,789 2,973,890
1920.................... 3,020,789 2,973,776
1930..................... 3,026,789 2,973,770
1040 *................... 3,020,789 2,973,770
24.155
24.155
34,257
38.635
38.635
38.635
52,782
62.824
52.824
52.824
52.824
52,630
62,809
53.013
53.013
53.013
3,029,214
5,308,483
7,239,881
0,638,453
12,866,020
17,069,463
23,191,876
31,443,321
38,558,371
50,155,783
02,947,714
75,994,575
91,072,266
105,710,620
122,775,046
131,409,881
4.5
6.1 1,370,209 35.1
4.3 1,931,398 36.4
5.5 2,398,572 33.1
7.3 3,227,587 33.5
9.7 4.203.433 32.7
7.9 6,122,423 35.9
10.6 8,251,446 35.6
13.0 7,116,050 22,6
16.9 11,597,412 30.1
21.2 12,701,931 25.5
25,6 13,046,861 20.7
30.9 15,977,691 21.0
35.5 13,738,354 14.9
41.3 17,064,426 *16,1
44.2 8,634,836 7.0
»Based on laud area.
* In comparing this percentage of increase with that shown for the decade 1910-1920, allowance should
be made for the fact that the period between the censuses of 1910 and 1920 was less than a full decade, and
that between the 1920 and 1930 censuses was more than a full decade. An increase of 16.1 percent for 123
months (the time between Jan. 1, 1020, and Apr, 1, 1930) is equivalent to 15.7 percent for exactly 10 years;
and the 1020 increase for 110J4 months (the time between Apr. 15, 1910, and Jan. 1,1920) is equivalent to
15.4 percent for 120 months, Making this adjustment, the rate of increaso for the decade ending in 1930
is only slightly higher than that for the preceding docado.
* Area is that of 1930; population figures are preliminary.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Reports of Fourteenth and Fifteenth Censuses,
Population, Vol. I; 1940 figures, preliminary reports, Sixteenth Census.
N o. 4.— Population op Continental United States and Outlying T erritories
and P ossessions: 1920, 1930, and 1940
N ote.—These data represent actual enumerations, not estimates, as in table 14. For several of the outlying
possessions they relate to dates other than 1020 and 1030, as indicated by footnotes. The census
of continental United States was as of Jan. 1 in 1920 and Apr. 1 in 1930 and 1040. For additional statistics
on population for certain of tho outlying possessions, see seo. 36
AREA
Gross area
(land and
water) in
square
miles1
POPULATION
1020 1030 1940 *
United States, with outlying territories and possessions..
Continental United States................................................
Outlying territories and possessions.................................
Alaska Territory........................................................
American Samoa____ -___— ..................................
Hawaii Territory........................................................
Panama Canal Zone....................................................
Military and naval, etc., sorvices abroad..................
Philippine Islands.......................................................
Virgin Islands of the United States...........................
Total continental United States and incorporated
territories (Alaska and Hawaii).................
Total Statistical Customs Area—Continental
United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico,
and beginning Jan. 1,1935, Virgin Islands.........
3,738,395 117,823,165 137,008,435
3,020,780
711, 006
636.400
76
206
6,407
640
3,435
114.400
133
3,019,500
8,623,031
105,710,020
12,112,545
55,030
8,056
13,275
255,912
22,858
1,299,809
117,238
310,314,310
6 26,051
106,021,568
107,321,377
122, 775, 046
14,233,380
59,278
10,055
18,500
308,836
30,407
1,543,013
89,468

POPULATION— STATU AND CITY 3
N o. 5 .—P opulation, by States: 1940 (Preliminary F igures)
N o t e .— Figures are based on announcements made by local supervisors and are subject to revision. For
population by States at earlier censuses, see table 7, p. 4
D irarO N AND STATE
Continental United States.. 5181,400,881
New England________
M aine-------- ---------
New Hampshire___
Vermont....................
Massachusetts_____
Rhode Island______
Connecticut-----------
Middle Atlantic............
New York________
New Jersey................
Pennsylvania______
East North Central------
Ohio...........................
Indiana.....................
Illinois................. .....
Michigan..... ..........—
Wisconsin..................
West North Central___
Minnesota________
Iowa................. .........
Missouri__________
N orth Dakota_____
South Dakota______
Nebraska_________
Kansas............. ........ .
South Atlantic_______
Delaware_________
M aryland..................
District ol Columbia.
8,426,666
846,139
489,716
357,598
4,312,332
711,009
1,710,112
27,419,893
13,379,022
4,148,562
9,891,709
28,550,823
6,880,023
3,416,162
7,874,165
5,245,012
3,125,881
13,490,492
2,785,890
2,635,430
3,775, 737
639,090
641,134
1,313,468
1,790,137
17,771,099
264,603
1,811,646
663,153
Percent
inereaso,
1930-
1949 1
DIVISION AND STATE
Population,
1940
Percent
increase,
1930-
1940 >
7.0 South Atlantic—Continued
2,664,847 10.0
3.2 West Virginia___ _______ 1,900,217 9.9
6.0 North Carolina_________ 3,503,174 12.4
5.2 South Carolina_________ 1,905,815 9.6
—.6 Georgia— _____ ________ 3,110,953 7.8
1.6 Florida________________ 1,877,791 27.9
3.5 East South Central_________ 10,762,967 8.9
8.4 Kentucky______________ 2,839,927 8.6
4.4 Tennessee______________ 2,910,992 11.3
8.3 Alabama_____ _________ % 830,285 7a 0
2.7 Mississippi___ ____ ____ 2,181,763 8.6
2.7 West South Central..... ........... 13,052,218 7.2
5.0 Arkansas.. ........................ 1,948,268 fi.l
3.7 Louisiana________ ____ 2,355,821 12.1
5.6 Oklahoma______________ 2,329,808 -2 .8
3.2 Texas............................... „ 8,418,321 10.2
8.3 Mountain________________ 4,128,042 11.5
6.4 Montana...................... 554,136 3.1
1.6 Idaho................................... 523,440 17.6
8.7 Wyoming_____ ________ 246,783 9.4
2.6 Colorado_______________ 1,118,820 8.0
4.0 New Mexico___ _ _____ _ 528,087 24.9
-6.0 Arizona_________ _______ 497,789 14.3
-7.5 Utah................................... _ 548,303 8.0
-4 .7 Nevada______. . . _______ 110,014 20.8
-4.4 Pacific__________ ________ 0,682,781 18.2
12.5 Washington..___________ 1,721,370 10.1
11.0 Oregon___ _____________ 1,087,717 14.0
11.0 California______ ________ 6,873,088 21.1
36.2
i A minus sign ( - ) denotes decrease.
1 Including allowance tor supplemental (125,000) not distributed by States.
N o . 6 ,—P opulation of Cities of 100,000 or More I nhabitants: 1940
(P r e l im in a r y F ig u r e s )
N ote.—Figures are based on announcements made by local supervisors and are subject to rovision. For
population at earlier censuses, seo table 24, p. 22
CITY 1040 CITY 1940 CITY 1940
Akron, Ohio................
Albany, N. Y .............
Atlanta, Ga................
Baltimore, M d...........
Birmingham, Ala.......
Boston, Mass..............
Bridgeport, Conn-----
Buffalo, N. Y .............
Cambridge, Mass.......
Camden, N. J .............
Canton, Ohio..............
Charlotte, N. O..........
Chattanooga, T enn...
Chicago, 111.................
Cincinnati, Ohio........
Cleveland, Ohio.........
Columbus, O hio.......
Dallas, Tox.......... ......
Dayton, Ohio.............
Denver, Colo....... ......
Des Moines, Iowa___
Detroit, Mich........... ^
D uluth, Minn______
Elisabeth, N. I-.........
Brie, P a.....................
Fall River, Mass____
F lint, Mich.................
F ort Wayne, Tnd.......
F ort Worth, T ot:____
Gary, Ind...............
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Hartford, Conn..........
Houston, Tex..............
243,130
130,447
302,538
854,144
264,151
769,520
146,900
575.150
111, 120
117,777
107.862
100,327
128,138
3,384,656
452,852
878,385
304,936
203,306
211,450
318,415
159,155
1,618,549
100,238
100,396
116,247
115,567
151,275
116,190
177,748
110.863
164,061
166,329
386.150
Indianapolis, Ind....... 386,170
Jacksonville, Fla........ 174,336
Jersey City, N. J ....... 301,012
Kansas City, Kans... 121. 258
Kansas City, Mo....... 400.175
Knoxville, Tenn........ 112,002
Long Beach, Calif__ 163,441
Los Angeles, Calif___ 1,406,792
Louisville, ICy............ 318,713
Lowell, Mass........... 101,331
Memphis, Tenn......... 291,312
Miami, Fla................. 170,877
Milwaukee, Wis......... 589,558
Minneapolis, Minn__ 489,971
Nashville, Tenn......... 167,415
Newark, N. J ........... _ 428,236
New Bedford, Mass. _ 110, 290
New Havon, Conn... 160, 257
New Orleans, La....... 492, 282
New York, N, Y ....... 7,380, 259
Bronx Borough__ ; 1,385,777
Brooklyn Borough-. 2,060,479
Manhattan Borough. 1,871,474
Queens Borough 1, 291,3H
Richmond Borough. 171,215
Norfolk, V a -.~ ......... 143,275
Oakland, Calif........... 304,909
Oklahoma City, Okla. 204,517
Omaha, Ncbr............. 223,186
Paterson, N. J—......... 139,651
Peoria, 111................... 105,003
Philadelphia, P a........ 1,935,086
Pittsburgh, P a........... 665,384
Portland. Oreg...........
Providonco, R. I ____
Reading, P a ...............
Richmond, Va............
Rochester, N. Y.........
St. Louis, M o.............
St. Paul, M inn...........
Sacramento, Calif___
Salt Lako City, Utah.
San Antonio, Tox.......
San Diego, Calif.........
San Francisco, Calif..
Scranton, P a ...............
Seattle. Wash .........
Somerville, Mass___
South Bond, In d------
Spokano, Wash___ .
Springfield, Mass-----
Syracuse, N. Y ...........
Tacoma, Wash_____
Tampa, F la________
Toledo, Ohio—...........
Trenton, N, J ----------
Tulsa, Okla.................
Utica, N. Y .................
Washington, D. O___
Wichita, Kans............
Wilmington, Del.......
Worcester, Mass........
Yonkers, N. Y ...........
Youngstown, O hio...
307,572
253,214
110,704
190,341
324,694
813,748
288,023
105, 530
150,019
253,143
202,038
629,553
140.303
366,847
102.304
101, 410
122,462
148,989
205,637
107,520
107,674
281,096
124. 685
141,750
100,534
663,153
113,540
111, 432
193,402
142.404
167,428
Source ot tables 5 and 6: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; prelfminory reports, Sixteenth
Census.

4 A R E A AN D PO PU L A T IO N
N o. 7 .— P opulation, by
N o t e ,—The c e n su s of 1870 in the
DIVISION AND
PO PU LA TIO N
1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860
1 Continental'll. S. - - 3,629,214 5,308,483 7,239,881 9,838,453 12,888,020 17,069,453 23, 191,876 81,443,321
2 1,009,408 1,833, Oil 1,471,973 1,060,071 1,864,717 2,234,822 2, 728,116 3, 135,283
3 Maine................. 96, 540 151,719 228,705 298,335 399,455 501,793 583,169 628,279
4 New Hampshire. 141,885 183,858 214,460 244,161 280,328 284,574 317,976 326,073
5 Vermont--------- 85,425 154,465 217,895 235,981 280,662 291,948 314,120 315,098
0 Massachusetts, _ 378,787 422,846 472,040 523,287 010,408 737,609 994,514 1,231,066
7 Rhode Island--- 63,825 69,122 76,931 83,059 97,199 108,830 147,545 174,620
8 Connecticut....... 237,946 251,002 261,942 275,248 297,675 309,978 370,792 460,147
9 Middle Atlantic— 958,632 1,408,566 2,014,703 2,808,845 3,687,664 4,526,260 5,898,736 7,458,985
10 New York-........ 340,120 589,051 959,049 1,372,812 1,918,608 2,428,921 3,097,394 3,880,735
11 New Jersey____ 184,130 211,149 245, 562 277,575 320,823 373,306 489,556 672,035
12 Pennsylvania--. 434,373 602,305 • 810,091 1,049,458 1,348,233 1,724,033 2,311,786 2,906,215
13 East Korth Central. 51,006 272,342 792,719 1,470,018 2,924,728 4,523,280 6,926,884
14 45,365 230,760 581,434 937,903 1,819,407 1,980,329 2.339,511
15 5, 041 24,520 147,178 343,031 685,806 988,416 1,350,428
in 12,282 65,211 157,445 476,183 851,470 1,711,951
17 4,762 8,896 31,639 212,267 397,654 749,113
18 30,945 305,391 775,8 8 1
19 19,783 66,586 140,465 426,814 880,336 2, 109,832
20 6,077 172,023
21 43,112 192,214 074,913
22 * 19,783 66,586 140,456 383,702 682,044 1,182,012
23 (»)
24 » 4,837
25 28,841
2(1 107,206
27 South Atlantia____ 1,851, 806 8,886,494 2,674,891 3,061,063 8,645,752 3,926,269 4,679,090 5,384,703
28 Delaware........... 59,096 64,27S 72,674 72,74? 76,74? 78,085 91, 532 112,216
29 Maryland—....... 319,728 341,54? 380,546 407,35C 447,04C 470,01? 583,034 087,049
30 14,09? 24,02? 33,03? 39,834 43,712 51,687 75,080
31 Virginia0............ 747,610 880,200 974,000 1,0Q5,366 1,211,406 1,239,797 1,421,601 1,598,318
82
33 North Carolina. 393,751 478,103 555,500 038,829 737,987 753,419 869,030 992,622
34 South Carolina-. 249,072 345,59] 415,115 502,741 581,185 594,39? 668,607 703,708
35 Georgia.............. 82, 542 162,686 252,43? 340,081 516,82! 091,392 906,186 1,057,280
36 34,73( 54,477 87,445 140,424
37 East South Central. 10B,368 335,407 708,590 1,190,489 1,815,989 2,575,445 3,383,271 4.020,091
38 Kentucky........... 73, 677 220,955 406,61] 564,317 687,917 779,821 982,405 1 ,1 5 5 ,0 8 4
39 Tennessee........... 35,691 105,602 261, 721 422,82? 081,90: 829,21C 1,002,717 1.109,801
40 127,90: 309,52] 590,75( 771,62? 964,201
41 8,85C 40,352 75,448 136,621 375,651 606,526 791,305
42 77,618 167,680 248,127 449,985 940,261 1,747,807
43 7 1 . 002 14) 273 30,388 97,574 209,897 435,450
44 76, 55C 153)407 215,73G 352,411 517,762 708,002
45
40 212,502 604,215
47 72,927 174,923
48
49
50
51 34,277
52 61,547 93,516
53
54 U tah................. 11,38C 40,273
55 0,857
56 105,89 4 4 4 ,0 5 3
57 11,594
58 1 3 , 2 9 4 52,465
59 ......... S 3 ,69" 379,994
1
i A minus sign (—) denotes decrease.
1 Includes population (325,404) of Indian Territory and Indian reservations, specially enumerated In
1890, but not included in the general report on population for 1890.
* Includes persons (6,318in 1830 and 6,100 in 1840) on public ships in the service of the United States not
oredited to any division or State.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Beports, Population, Vol. I.

P O P U L A T IO N B Y ST A T E S 5
S t a t e s : 1790 to 1930
Southern States is considered incomplete
p o p u l a t i o n —c o n t i n u e d
PERCENT
IN CREASE I
PERCENT
DISTRIBU­
TION
1870 1880 1890’ 1900 1910 1920 1930
1900-
1930
1920-
m o 1020 1930
38,668,371 60,165,783 62,947,714 76,994,675 91,972,206 106,710,620 122,776,046 61.8 18.1 100.0 100.0 i
3,487,984 4,010,629 4, 700, 749 6,692,017 0,552,681 7,400,000 s, m , 34i 48.0 10.3 7.0 0.7 2
620,916 648,936 601,086 694,466 742i 371 768,014 797,423 14.8 3.8 .7 .6 3
318,300 346,991 376,530 411, 588 430, 672 443,083 465, 293 13.0 5.0 .4 .4 4
330,551 332,286 332,422 343, 641 355,950 352,428 359, Oil 4.6 2,0 .3 , 3 5
1,457,351 1, 783, 085 2,238,947 2,805,346 3,366, 416 3,852,350 4,249,614 51.5 10.3 3.6 3.5 8
217.353 276,631 345,50G 428,566 642,01C 604,397 687,497 60.4 13.7 .6 .6 7
637,454 622,700 746,268 908,420 3,114,756 1,380,631 1,006,903 70.9 10 4 1.3 1.3 3
8,810,806 10,498,878 12,708,220 16,464,678 19,316,892 22,281,144 26,260,760 69.9 18.0 21.1 21.4 9
4,382, 759 5,082,871 6 ,0 0 3 ,174 7,2G8, 894 9,113,014 10,385,227 12,588,066 73.2 21.2 9,8 10.3 10
906,006 1,131.116 1,444,933 1,883,669 2,637,167 3,155,900 4,041, 334 114.5 28.1 3.0 3.3 11
3,621,951 4,282,891 5,258,113 6,302,115 7,665, 111 8,720,017 9,031,360 62.8 10.5 8.2 7.8 12
9,124,617 11,208,688 13,478,306 15,986, 681 18,260,821 21,476,643 26,297,186 68,8 17.8 20.3 20.6 13
2 ,6 6 5 ,2 m 3, IBS, 062 3,672,326 4,157,545 4,707,121 5,759,394 6.646. 697 59.9 15.4 u 5.4 14
1,680,637 1,978,301 2,102,404 2,516,462 2,700,870 2,930,390 3,238,503 28.7 10.5 2.8 2.E 15
2,639,891 3,077,871 3,820,352 4,821,550 5,638,591 6,485,280 7, 630, 064 58.3 17.7 6.1 6.2 16
1,284,059 1,638,937 2,093,89C 2,420,982 2,810,173 3,068,412 4,842,325 100.0 32. r 3.5 3.0 17
1,054,670 1,316,497 1,693,330 2,069,042 2,333,380 2,632,067 2,930,006 42.0 11.7 2.5 2.4 18
8,866, 694 6,157,44S 8,932,112 10,347,423 11,037,921 12,544,249 13,296.915 28.5 6.0 11,9 10.8 19
439, 706 780,773 1,310,283 1,751,394 2,075,708 2,387,125 2,563,963 46.4 7.4 2.3 2.1 20
1,194,020 1,624.616 1,912,297 2,231,853 2,224,771 2,404,021 2,470, 939 10.7 2.8 2Jjl 2,0 21
1,721,295 2,168.380 2,679,185 3,106,665 3,293,335 3,404,055 3,629, 367 16.8 0.C 3.2 3.0 2?r
» 2,405 1 38,909 190,983 319,140 677.056 646,872 680, 845 113.3 6.3 .0 .6 23

6 AREA A ND POPULATION
N o. 8.-— P o p u l a t io n p e r S q u a r e M i l e , b y St a t e s : 1800 t o 1930
N o t e . — The population of continental United States has heen divided by the total land area, although it
included at each census some unorganized territory which was not canvassed by the enumerators. For
each State or Territory the population as returned at a given census has hcon divided b y the land area
as constituted at the time that census was taken. The areas of Indian reservations, outside of Indian
Territory, are included in the areas of the several States and Territories, although the population was
not ascertained and cannot bo considered in figuring density of population prior to 1800. The census of
1870 in the Southern States is considered incomplete. Population density in 1030 of Alaska, Hawaii,
and Puerto Rico, and of Philippine Islands, Dec. 31,1018, based on gross area, and not land area, was
as follows: Alaska, 0.1; Hawaii, 57.5; Puerto Eico, 449.5; Philippine Islands, 90.0
DIVISION AND STATE 180(1 1850 1809 1870 1880 1800 1900 1910 1920 1930
Continental U. S....... e . i 7.9 10.6 13.0 16.9 21.2 25.6 30.9 36.5 41.3
Hew England.-....... 19.9 44.0 60. 6 66.8 64,7 75.8 00.2 105.7 119.4 131.8
6.1 19.5 21. 0 21.0 21.7 22.1 23. 2 24.8 25.7 26.7
New Hampshire.- 20.4 35.2 30.1 36.2 38.4 41.7 45.0 47.7 49.1 61.5
16.9 34.4 34. 6 36.2 36.4 36. 4 37.7 39.0 38.6 30.4
Massachusetts----- 52.6 123.7 163.1 181.3 221.8 278.6 349.0 418.8 479.2 52S. 0
Rhode Island____ 64.8 138.3 103. 7 203.7 259.2 323.8 401.0 508. 5 56G.4 644.3
52.1 76.9 96. 5 111.5 129. 2 154.8 188. 5 231.3 280.4 333.4
Middle Atlantic____ 14.0 69.0 74.6 88.1 105.0 127.1 154.5 193.2 222.6 202.6
12.4 65.0 81. 4 02.0 106.7 120. 0 152. 5 191.2 217.0 264.2
New Jersey—....... 28,1 65.2 89.4 120.0 150. 5 192.3 250,7 337.7 420.0 837.8
Pennsylvania____ 13.4 51.6 04.8 78.0 95.5 117.3 140.0 171.0 194.5 214.8
East North Central-.. .2 IB. 4 28. 2 87.2 45.7 54.9 05.2 74.3 87.5 103.0
O hio.—................. 1.1 48.6 57. 4 65.4 78.5 90.1 102.1 117.0 141.4 163.1
0 27.5 37. 6 46.8 55.1 61.1 70.1 74,9 81. 3 80.8
15.2 30. 6 46.4 55.0 68.3 86.1 100. 6 115.7 136.2
6.9 13. 0 20.6 28.5 30. 4 42.1 48.9 63.8 84.2
5.6 14. 0 19.1 23.8 30.6 37.4 42.2 47.6 53.2
3.1 3.0 7.6 12.1 17.5 20.3 22.8 24.0 20.0
(l) 2.1 5.4 9.7 16.2 21.7 25.7 29.5 31.7
3 .5 12.1 21.5 29.2 34.4 4a 2 40.0 43.2 44.5
9.9 17.2 25.0 31.6 30.0 45.2 47.9 49.5 52.8
(i) (l) (0 2.7 4.6 8.2 9.2 9.7
w p i 0 4.5 5.2 7.6 8.3 9.0
.2 1 .0 6.9 13.8 13.0 15.5 16.9 17.9
1.3 4.6 12.2 17.6 18.0 20.7 21.6 23.0
South Atlantio.. __ 8.6 17.4 19.9 21.8 28.2 32.9 38.8 45.3 62.0 68.7
32.7 46.6 67.1 63.6 74.6 85.7 94.0 103.0 113.5 121.3
34.4 58.0 69. 1 7 a 6 04.0 104.9 119.5 130.3 145.8 164.1
D ist' of Columbia- 160.6 891.2 1.294. 5 2,270.7 3,062.6 3,972.3 4,645.3 6,517.8 7,292.9 7,852.7
13.7 22.1 . 24.8 30.4 37.8 41.1 40.1 51.2 67.4 60.2
i a 4 25.7 31.8 39.9 ea 8 60.9 72.0
North Carolina__ 0.8 17.8 20.4 22,0 28.7 33.2 38.0 45.3 52.5 65.0
South Carolina__ 11.3 21.9 23. 1 23.1 32.6 37.7 44.9 49.7 55.2 67.0
1 .6 15.4 1a 0 20.2 2d 3 31.3 37.7 44.4 49.3 49.5
1.6 2.6 3.4 4.9 7.1 9.6 13.7 17.7 26.8
East South Central... 2.9 19.7 22.4 24.5 31.1 35.8 42.0 40.8 49.6 65.1
6.6 24.4 28.8 32.’9 41.0 46.3 63.4 67.0 60.1 65.1
2.5 24.1 26. 0 30.2 37.0 42 4 48.5 52.4 56.1 62.8
15.0 18.8 19.4 24.0 29.6 35.7 41.7 45.8 51.6
.3 13.1 17.1 17.0 24.4 27.8 33.5 3A 8 38.6 43.4
2.6 4.9 6.6 9.8 11.0 16.2 20.4 23.8 28.3
4.0 8.3 9.2 15.3 21.5 25.0 3 a o 33.4 3 5.3
11.4 15.6 16.0 20.7 24.6 30.4 36.5 39.6 46.3
«3.7 311.4 23.9 29.2 34.5
.8 2.3 3.1 6.1 8.5 11.6 14.8 17.8 22.2
.2 .3 .4 .8 1.4 1.9 3.1 3.9 4.3
.1 .3 1.0 1.7 2.6 3.8 3.7
.2 .4 1.1 1.9 3 .0 5.2 5.3
.1 .2 .6 .9 1.5 2.0 2.3
.3 .4 1.9 4.0 5.2 7.7 9.1 10.0
New Mexico____ .3 .4 .7 1 .0 1.3 1.6 2.7 2.0 3. 5
.1 .4 .8 1.1 1.8 2.9
Utah ................... « .3 1.1 1.8 2.6 3.4 4.5 5.5 6.2
.1 .4 .6 .4 .4 .7 .7 .8
.2 1.0 2.1 3 .5 6.9 7.6 13.2 17.5 25.8
,1 .4 1.1 5.3 7.8 17.1 20.3 23.4
W o
.5 1.0 1.8 3.3 4.3 7.0 8.2 10.0
2.4 3.6 5.5 7.8 9.5 16.8 22.0 36. 5
1Less than one-tenth of 1. .
2Dakota Territory: Less than ono-tonth of 1 in 1860, 0.1 in 1870, and 0.9 in 1880,
Qn
3Oklahoma and Indian Territory combined. Separate data ar3 as follows: Indian Territory, 5.9 in !89U
and 12.7 in 1900; Oklahoma, 2.0 in 1890 and 10.3 in 1900.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Reports of Fourteenth and Fifteenth Censuses,
Population, Vol. I.

POPULATION— XJEBAN AND RURAL 7
No. 9 .—P opulation, for Urban Size Groups and for Rural T erritory:
1900 t o 1930
N ote.—Prior to 1930 all incorporated places and also towns (townships) in Massachusetts, Rhode Island,
and New Hampshire having 2,500 or more Inhabitants, are classed as urban areas. For 1930, urban areas
also include unincorporated political subdivisions with a total population of 10,000 or more inhabitants
and a population density of 1,000 per square mile and include for the 3 New England States named above
only those towns which contain a village of more than 2,500 inhabitants comprising, either by itself or
when combined with other villages within the same town, more than 50 percent of the population of the
town. The total urban and rural population for 1880 and 1800 is as follows: Urban—1880, 14,358,167;
1890, 22,298,859; rural—3880, 35,707,616; 3800, 40,649,355; percent urban—1880, 28.0; 1890, 85.4
1000
1010
1820
CLASS
Number
of
places
Population
Number
of
places
Population
Number
of
places
Population
Total. 76,994, 676 91,972,206 105,710,020 .
Urban territory............................
Places of 1,000,000 or more—
Places of 600,000 to 1,000,000.
Places of 250,000 to 600,000-
Places of 100,000 to 260,000-
Places of 60,000 to 100,0 0 0 -
Places of 25,000 to 60,000- - - -
Places of 10,000 to 25,000.
Places of 5,000 to 10,000.......
Places of 2,500 to 5,000.........
Rural territory..............................................
Incorporated places of less than 2,500-
Other rural territory.............................
1,801
339
23
40
82
280
408
893
8,930
30,380,433
6,429,474
3,645,087
2,861,296
3,272,490
2,709,338
2,800,627
4,338,250
3,220,706
3,103,105
45,614,142
6,301, 533
S0,312,009
2,313
35
11
31
69
119
367
612
1,106
11,829
42,166,120
8,501,174
3,010,6G7
3,949,839
4,840,468
4,178,915
4,026,045
5,524,434
4,254,850
3,879,732
49,806,146
8,104,628
41,041,618
2,787
39
13
43
76
143
459
721
1,320
12,853
64,804,609
10,145,632
6,223,769
4,540,838
6,519,187
5,266,747
5,075,041
6,042,742
4,997, 794
4,593,953
51,406.017
8,963,125
42,442,892
1930 PERCENT OP TOTAL POPULATION
Number
of
places
Population 1900 1910 1920 1930
Total. 122,776,046 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Urban territory......... ...................
Places of 1,000,000 or more..
Places of 600,000 to 1,000,000.
Places of 250,000 to 500,000,..
Places of 100,000 to 260,000...
Places of 50,000 to 100,000-..
Places of 25,000 to 50,000__1
Places of 10,000 to 25,000—
Places of 5,000 to 10,000.......
Places of 2,600 to 5,000.........
Rural territory.............................................
Incorporated places of less than 2,600-
Other rural territory............................
3,165
6
8
24
56
98
185
006
851
1,332
13,433
68,954,829
16,064,556
6,763,987
7,966,228
7,540,060
6,401,448
6,425,693
9,007,200
5,807,156
4,717,590
68,820,228 60.0
9,183,453 8.3
44,630,770 61.7
40.0 45.8
8.5 9.2
2.2 3.3
3.8 4.3
4.3 6.3
3.6 4.5
3.7 4.4
6.7 6.0
4.2 4.6
4.1 4.2
54.2
8.0
45.3
51.4
9.6
5.9
4.3
4.8
6.6
4.7
4.3
48.8
8.5
40.2
56.2
12.3
4.7
6.5
6.1
5.3
5.2
7.4
4.8
3.8
43.8
7.5
36.4
N o. 10.-—P opulation of P laces Wit h 8,000 I nhabitants or M ore: 1790 to 1930
PLACES OF 8,000 INHAB­
ITANTS o n MORE
FLACES OF 8,000 INHAB­
ITANTS OR MORE
TEAR
Population
Total population
Number
of
places
Percent
of total
population
TEAR
Population
Total population
Number
of oftotal
Percent
places population
1790......... 3,920,214 131,472 6 3.3 1870....... 38,558,371 8,071,875 226 20.9
1800......... 6,308,483 210,873 6 4.0 1880___ 60,186,783 11,305, G98 285 22.7
3810.- - 7,239,881 356,920 11 4.9 1890....... 02,947,714 18,244,239 445 29.0
1820......... 9,638,453 475,185 13 4.9 1900___ 75,994,676 25,018,335 547 32.9
1830.......... 12,866,020 864,^00 26 6.7 mm 91,972,206 35,570,334 768 38.7
1840.- . 17,069,453 1,453,994 44 8.5 1020 106,710,620 40,307,640 924 43.8
1850.......... 23,191,876 2,897,686 85 12.6 1930........ 122,775,040 60,333,462 1,208 49.1
1860.......... 31,443,321 5,072,250 141 16.1
Source of tables 9 and 10: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Roports,
Population, Vol. I.

8 ABBA AND POPULATION
No. 11.— P opulation, U rban a n d R u r a l , by Status: 1910 to 1930
Note.—Sco hcadnote, table 9. The proportion of urban and rural population in 1930 as compared with
data for earlier censuses was affected by changes in the classification. If the segregation of urban and
rural had been made in 1930 on the same basis as in 1920, the percent urban in 1930 tor the areas affected
would have been as follows: United States, 65.9; New Hampshire, 66.3; Massachusetts, 95.3; Rhode
Island, 97.5; Connecticut, 65.0; New York, 83.4; Now Jersey, 77.5; Pennsylvania, 65.7; California, 72.4
DIVISION AND STATE
1910 1920 1930
PERCENT
URBAN
Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural 1910 1920 1930
Continental U. S....... 42, 166,120 49,806,146 54,304,603 51,400,017 68,954, 823 63,820,223 45.8 51.4 56.2
Hew England.................... 4,998,082 1,554,699 5,865,073 1, 535,836 6,311,976 1,854,365 76,3 79.2 77.8
Maine............................ 262,248 480,123 299,569 468,445 321,506 476,917 35.3 30.0 40.3
New Hampshire1 ------ 255,099 176,473 279,761 163.322 273,079 192,214 59.2 63.1 68.7
. Vermont-....... -............. 98,917 257,039 109,976 242,452 118,700 240,845 27.8 31.2 88.0
Massachusetts *______ 3,125,367 241,049 3,650,248 202,108 3,831,420 418,188 92.8 94.8 90.2
Rhode Island* ............ 624,054 17,956 589,180 15,217 036,429 52,068 96.7 97.5 92.4
ConnecticutK___ ____ 731,797 382,959 930,339 444,292 1,131,770 475,133 65.6 07.8 70.4
Middle Atlantio................. 13,723,373 6, 592,519 16,072,595 6,588, 549 20,394,707 5,800,048 71.0 74.9 77.7
New York1.................... 7, 185,494 1,928,120 8, 689,844 1,795,383 10,521,952 2,000,114 78.8 82.7 83.0
Now Jersey1.................. 1,907,210 629,957 2,474,930 680, m 3,339,244 702,000 75.2 78.4 82.6
Pennsylvania1............... 4,080,609 3,034,442 5,607,815 3,112,202 0,633,611 3,097,839 60.4 04.3 67.8
East North Central......... 9,617,271 8,633,350 13,049,272 8,428,271 10,794,908 8, 502,277 52.7 60.8 06.4
Ohio............................... 2,606,143 2,101,078 3,077,136 2,082,258 4,007,371 2,139,326 55.9 63.8 07.8
Indiana.................... .. 1, 143,835 1,557,041 1,482,855 1,447, 535 1,705,892 1,442, 611 42.4 50.6 55.5
Illinois........................... 3,476,929 2,101,002 4,403,153 2,082,127 5,035,727 1,994,927 61.7 67.9 73.9
Michigan....................... 1,327,044 1,483,129 2,241,600 1,428,852 3,302,076 1,540,250 47.2 61.1 08.2
Wisconsin..................... 1,004,820 1,329,540 1,214,508 1,387,499 1,553,843 1,385,163 43.0 47.3 52.9
West North Central........... 3,873,716 7,704,205 4,727,372 7,816,877 5,566,181 7,740,734 33.3 37.7 41.8
Minnesota..................... 850,294 1,226,414 1,051,593 1,335,532 1,257, 010 1, 306, 337 41.0 44.1 49. 0
Iowa..........................— 680,054 1,544,717 875,495 1,528,526 979,292 1, 491, 647 30.0 36.4 39.6
Missouri........................ 1.398,817 1,894,518 1,580,903 1,817,152 1,859,110 1,770,248 42.5 46.6 51.2
North Dakota............. 63,236 513,820 88,239 558,033 113,300 567,539 11.0 13.6 16.8
South Dakota................ 70,073 607,215 101,872 534, 675 130,007 561,942 13.1 16.0 18.9
Nebraska................... 310,852 881,302 405,306 891,066 480,107 891,856 2fi. 1 31, a 35.3
Kansas........................... 493,790 1,197,169 017,964 1,161,293 729,834 1,151,165 29.2 34.9 38.8
South Atlantio.............. .. 3,092,153 9, 102,742 4,338,792 9,051,480 5,088, m 10,095,467 25.4 31.0 36.1
Delaware................ ...... 97,086 105,237 120,707 102.23(1 123,146 115,234 48. (I 54.2 61.7
Maryland.................. 058,192 037,154 809,422 580,239 974.869 050,667 50.8
District of Columbia__ 331,009
437,671
486.869 100,0 100.0 60.0 100.0
60.8
Virginia..................... 476,529 1.585.083 073,984 1.635.203 785,537 1.030,314 23.1 29.? 32.4
"West Virginia________ 228,242 902,877 369.007 1,094,694 491,504 1,237,701 18.7 25.2 28.4
North Carolina......... 318,474 1,887,813 490,370 2,068,753 809,847 2,300,429 14.4 19.2 26.5
South Carolina........... 224,832 1,290,508 293,987 1,389,737 371,080 1,307,086 14.0 17.5 21.3
Georgia......................... 533,660 2,070,471 727,859 2,167,973 895,492 2,013,014 20. fi 25.1 30.8
Florida.......................... 219,080 533,539 355,825 612,645 759,778 708,433 29.1 30.7 61.7
E&Bt South Central___— 1, 674,229 6,836,672 1,994,207 0,899,100 8,778,687 7,108,627 18.7 22.4 28.1
Kentucky___________ 555,442 1,734,403 633,543 1,783,087 799,026 1,815,563 24.3 20.2 30.0
Tennessee...................... 441,045 3,743,744 611,220 1,726, m 896,538 1,720,018 20.2 20.1 34.3
Alabama....................... 370,431 1.767,062 509,317 1,838,857 744,273 1,901,975 17.3 21.7 28.1
Mississippi................... 207,311 1,589,803 240,121 1,550,497 338,850 1,670,971 11.5 13.4 16.0
West South Central______ 1,957,456 6,827,078 2.970,829 7,271,395 4> 427,439 7,749,391 22.3 29.0 30.4
Arkansas................... 202,681 1,371,768 290,497 1.461,707 382,878 1,471,604 12.9 16. fl 20.0
Louisiana....................... 496,510 1,159,872 028,103 1,170,346 833.532 1,268,061 30.0 34.9 30.7
Oklahoma...................... 320,155 1,337,006 539.48C 1,488,803 821,681 1,574,359 19.3 20,0 34.3
Texas............................. 938,104 2,958,438 1,512,689 3,150,539 2,389,348 3,435,307 24.1 32.4 41.0
Mountain................ —... 847, 511 1.036,000 1,214,980 2,121,121 1,457,922 2,243,867 86.0 36.4 39.4
Montana........................ 133,420 242,633 172,011 376,878 181,036 356,57C 35.5 31.3 33.7
Idaho............................. 09,898 255,690 119,037 312,829 129,507 315,525 21.5 27.0 29.1
Wyoming....................... 43,221 102,744 67,348 137,054 70.0U7 155.408 29. (i 29.5 81.1
Colorado.................... 404,840 394,184 453,259 486,370 519,882 515,909 50.7 48.2 50.2
New Mexico........... ...... 46,571 280,730 64.960 295,390 100,816 316,501 14.2 18.0 25.2
63,260 141,094 117,527 210,636 149.850 285,717 31.1) 35. ? 34.4
Utah....................... ....... 172,934 200,417 215,584 233,812 266,264 241,683 40.3 48.0 52.4
Nevada......................... 13,307 08,503 15,254 62,153 34,464 56,594 10.3 19.7 37.8
Pacific....................... ...... 2, S82,329 1,809,975 3,471,483 2,085,388 5, 534,881 2,669, 662 68.8 62.4 87.6
Washington................... 605,530 630,400 748,736 007,880 884.539 078,857 53.0 65,5 50.6
Oregon........................... 307,060 305,705 891,019 392,370 489,740 464,04C 45.6 49.9 51.3
California1................ 1,460,739 907,810 2,331,729 1,006,132 4, 160,590 1,516, 655 01.8 68,0 73.3
1See headnote.
Source; Department of Commerce, Buroau of the Census; Reports of Fourteenth and Fifteenth Censuses,
Population, Vol. I,

PO PULATION— FARM AND RURAL N O NFARM 9
No. 1 2 .— P o p u l a t i o n o n F a r m s a n d i n R u r a l A r e a s O t h e r T h a n F a r m s ,
b y S t a t e s : 1920 a n d 1930
NOTE.—Fcr farm population Jan. 1, 1936, as roportod in the Agricultural Census of 1935, consult Index
for roforonocs to tables In section 25, Farms—Ooneral Statistics
DIVISION AND STATE
farm population
Number
Percent
of total
population
RURAL-FARM
POPULATION
URBAN-PAR SI
POPULATION
1920 1930 1920 1930 1930 i m 1020 1930
Rural
nonfarm
population,
1939
Continental U, S ... 31, 614,239 30,445,350 29.9 24.8 31,358,640 30, 157, 513 255, 629 287,837 23, 682, 710
New England................ 625,877 578,251 8.6 7.0 636,422 469. 083 80,456 74,168 1,355,282
Maine...................... 167,601 170,095 25.7 21.4 186,020 101,429 8,575 0,666 314,488
New Hampshire....... 76, 021 62,850 17.2 18.5 04,607 54,911 11,414 7,939 137,303
Vermont.................... 125,203 122,904 35.5 31.4 124,445 111, 898 818 1.000 128, 947
Massachusetts......... 118,564 123,255 3.1 2.9 01,732 80, 309 56,822 42,940 337,879
Rhode Island.........— 16,136 16,477 2.5 2.4 5,315 10,289 9,821 0,188 41,779
Conneotleut.............. 93,302 80,770 6.8 6.4 00,297 80, 247 3,005 6,523 304,886
Middle Atlantic............ 1,892, 780 1, 707,719 8.5 0.5 1,881,181 1, 073,694 31, 823 84, 025 4,192,849
New York................. 800,747 719,929 7,7 5.7 782,084 700,44(5 17,703 13,483 1,356,068
New Jersey............... 143,708 131,096 4.6 3.2 136,847 121,008 6,861 10, 088 581,082
Pennsylvania-.......... 648,334 856,694 10.9 8.9 941,300 840,240 6,974 10,454 2,251,509
East North Central....... 4,918, 633 4,488,933 22.9 17.7 4,887,204 4,453,114 26,429 35. 319 4,049,163
Ohio.......................... 1.139,329 1,013,229 10.8 15.2 1.133.912 1, 004,288 5,417 8,941 1,136,038
Indiana..................... 907, 295 813,007 31,0 25,1 902,820 80S, 981 4,475 4,028 633,630
Illinois--—................ 1,008,202 099.249 16.9 18,1 1,090,786 991,401 7,526 7,848 1,003,626
MioUigan.................. 848,710 782,394 23.1 16:2 844,499 775,436 4,211 6, 958 764,814
Wisconsin................. 920,037 881,054 35.0 30.0 015,237 873,008 4,800 8,046 512,165
West North Central__ - 6,171, 696 5,068,136 41.2 38.1 5,153,183 6,086,561 IS, 413 32, 574 2,705,173
Minnesota................. 897,181 895,349 37.6 34.9 893,460 888,049 3,721 7,800 418.288
Iowa.......................... 984,799 977,900 ,41.0 39.6 077,004 864,059 7,105 13,247 626,988
Missouri.................... 1,211,340 1,114,484 35.0 30.7 1,207,899 1, 108,069 3,447 5,515 601,279
North Dakota........... 894,500 397,294 61.0 58.4 393,622 396,871 878 423 F70,668
South Dakota........... 302,221 300,205 56.0 50, H 361,886 389,431 335 774 172,611
Nebraska.................. 584,172 535,701 45.1 42.6 082,738 582,081 1,434 2,720 308,875
Kansas...................... 737,377 707,190 41.7 37.0 735,884 704,001 1,403 2,695 440,664
South Atlantia............... 6,416,698 6,808,176 45.9 37.3 6,307,757 6, 878,956 18,941 19,220 4,216,511
Delaware................... 61, 212 40,530 23.0 19.5 51,151 46,302 61 228 68,932
Maryland.................. 279,225 237,456 10.8 14.0 277,656 236,172 2,569 1,234 420,485
Dist. of Columbfa--. 894 435 .2 .1 894 435
Virginia..................... 1,064,417 950,757 46.1 30.3 1,059,913 948,740 4,504 2, m i 087,668
West Virginia........... 477,924 440,114 82.7 26.0 476,631 447,750 1,293 1,364 789,951
North Carolina......... 1, 601,227 1,590,918 68.7 50.5 1,499,946 1,697.220 1,281 2,698 763,209
South Carolina------- 3,074,693 910.471 63.8 52.7 1,072,479 914,098 2,214 2.373 453.587
Georgia...................... 1.685,213 1,418,514 58.2 48.8 1,680,611 1,413,710 4,602 4.705 099,295
Floriaa...................... 281,893 278,981 29.1 19.0 279,370 274,949 2,523 4,032 433,484
East South Central____ 6,182, 937 6,096,098 68.8 51.6 5.174,808 5,084,436 8,131 10,661 2,024,092
Kentuoky.................. 1,304,862 1,176,624 64.0 45.0 1,302,342 1,174,232 2,520 2,292 641,331
Tennessee.................. 1,271,708 1,215,452 54.4 46.5 1.269,179 1,213,065 2,520 2,387 606,953
Alabama.................... 1,336, 886 1,340,277 56.9 50.6 1,334,613 1,336.409 1,372 3,868 565.566
Mississippi................ 1, 270,482 1,302,843 71.0 67.8 1,208,772 1,360,729 1,710 2,114 310,242
West South Central....... 5,228,199 5.323,412 61.0 43.7 6,210,570 5,307,939 17, 629 18,473 2,441,452
Arkansas................... 1,147,049 1,119,464 65.6 60.4 1,144,482 1,117,330 2,667 2,134 354,274
.Louisiana.................. 780,050 s3o, am 43.7, 89.5 784,455 820,882 1,595 3,724 441,179
Oklahoma................. 1,017,327 1.024.070 50.2 42.7 1,015,899 1,021,174 1,428 2,896 653,185
Texas......................... 2,277,773 2,352, 272 48.8 40.4 2,265,734 2,342,563 12,039 9,719 1,092,314
Mountain...................... 1, 108,367 1,138,718 36.0 30,8 1,153,998 1,123,893 15,374 15,025 1,120,174
Montana................... 225,607 204,504 41.1 38.1 225,389 203,962 278 632 162.00ft
Idaho........................ 200,902 188, 305 46.5 42.3 190,503 186,100 4,330 2,265 129,425
Wyoming-................ 07,300 78.152 34.6 32.4 67,076 72,905 230 247 82,563
Colorado.................... 260,073 282,827 28.3 27.8 265,281 281,038 702 1,789 234,871
New Mexico........... 161,446 158,631 44.8 37.5 160, 542 167,906 904 725 158, 505
Arizona...................... 90,600 98,995 27.1 22,7 90,167 98,819 393 170 186,808
Utah.......................... 140,249 116,713 31.2 22.8 131,872 106,667 8,377 9,046 134,916
Nevada...................... 16,164 16,441 20.0 18.1 16, 103 16,296 01 lie 10,258
Paciflo........................... 1,014,173 1,148,919 13.2 14.0 986,544 1,101,038 28,629 47,872 1, 668, 614
Washington.............. 283,382 304,737 20.9 19.5 280,022 300,143 3,360 4,504 378,714
Oregon....................... 214,021 223. 607 27.3 23.5 212,609 221.645 2. 012 2,122 242,495
California................. 616,770 020,606 16,1 10.9 493,518 570,360 23,257 41,150 937,805
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Voi, IX.
207706“— 41— S

10 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 13.— P o p u l a t i o n , E s t im a t e d a s o f J u l y 1, b y S t a t e s : 1928 t o 1937
N o t e .—Estimates of population for 1028 and 1929 are based on the assumption that the increase (or decrease)
each year between t h e censuses of 2020 and 1030 I s equal to the annual average change between
the two enumerations, For 1930 to 1937, the total population is estimated upon the basis of the available
birth, death, immigration, and emigration figures, allowance being made for unregistered births and
deaths. For State estimates for 1934 and 1936 a study of local conditions was made through State data,
principally school statistics, State censuses, and a review o f the farm population ns indicated by the
Agricultural Census of Jan. 1,1936. The figures for 1930 to 1933 are obtained by interpolation between
the 1030 census figures and the 1934 and 1935 estimates. For ostimato for continental United States for
1038, see table 14, p. 11. No later estimates of the population of States will bo made untilthe 1040 census
figures have boon compiled. For actual enumerations for 1940 (preliminary figures), see table B, p. 3; for
1790 to 1930, see table 7, p. 4
(All figures in thousands!
DIVISION AND
STATE
1929 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 103a 1036 1937
Continental V. S. lie, bos 121, 628 123, 091 124,113 124,974 125,770 126,620 127,521 128,420 120,267
Hew England......... 8,030 8,110 8,186 8,252 8,308 8,380 8,414 8,497 8,581 8, 697
Maine----. ------- 792 795 800 810 819 829 837 845 853 856
Now Hampshire. 462 464 468 475 482 489 496 502 508 510
Vermont............ 358 359 361 364 368 371 374 377 380 383
Massachusetts— 4,182 4,221 4,257 4,279 4,295 4,309 4,326 4,376 4,425 4,426
Ehode Island.__ 673 681 087 686 685 683 681 681 681 081
Connecticut___ 1,668 1,590 1,613 1,638 1,859 1,670 1,700 1,717 1,734 1,741
Middle Atlantic__ 26,678 25,968 26,334 26,559 26,741 28,911 27,095 27,245 27,399 27,478
Now York.......... 12,212 12, 427 12, 015 12,690 12,743 12,791 12,846 12,890 12,936 12,969
New Jersey....... 3,890 3,977 4,057 4, n o 4,158 4,202 4,249 4.288 4,328 4,343
Pennsylvania.... 9,176 9,565 9,662 9,759 9,840 9,918 10,000 10,067 10,136 10,176
East North Central. 21,646 26,018 26,321 25,377 28,415 26,444 26,479 25,692 26,708 26,841
Ohio................... 6,495 0,582 6,650 6,074 0,085 C, 691 6,7U1 6,707 0,713 0,733
Indiana.............. 3,180 3,216 3,261 3,292 3,328 3,304 3,400 3,420 3,469 3,474
Illinois________ 7,136 7,547 7,647 7,693 7,726 7,766 7,790 7,817 7,845 7,878
Michigan............ 4,642 4,756 4,829 4,786 4,750 4,710 4,080 4,731 4,783 4,830
Wisconsin......... 2,887 2,917 2,938 2,932 2,920 2,917 2,908 2,908 2,908 2,926
West North Central- 13,168 13,242 13,325 13,416 13,490 13,559 13,636 13,708 13,782 IS,819
Minnesota.......... % 534 2,551 2.569 2,585 2,506 2,607 2,619 2,627 2,635 2,052
Iowa......... ......... 2,460 2,466 2,476 2,492 2,503 2,513 2,525 2,534 2,543 2,552
Missouri............. 3,691 3,013 3,648 3,707 3,762 3,814 3,868 3,913 3.050 3,989
North Dakota... 676 678 682 687 690 093 697 700 703 708
South Dakota... 683 089 093 093 092 002 692 092 602 692
Nebraska............ 1,964 1,372 1,877 1,375 1,372 1,3C8 1,364 1,304 1,304 1,864
Kansas............... 1,802 1,873 1,880 1,877 1,875 1,872 1,870 1,878 1,880 1,864
South Atlantic........ 16,486 15,662 15, 850 16,084 IB, 287 16,480 16,630 16,878 17,072 17,280
Delaware............ 236 237 230 243 247 250 253 256 259 201
1,000 1,618 1, 635 1,045 1, 051 1,057 1,064 1, 669 1,674 1,879
Dist. of Columbia. 478 483 492 509 520 643 500 594 019 627
Virginia.............. 2,403 2,414 2,434 2,480 2,521 2,502 2, 604 2,037 2,671 2,706
West Virginia... 1,684 1,710 1,735 1,754 1,771 1,786 1,802 1,816 1,830 1,865
North Carolina- 3,066 3,126 3,186 3,237 3,284 3,331 3,378 3,417 3,457 3,402
South Carolina.- 1,729 1,736 1,745 1,767 1,786 1,803 1,821 1,840 1,860 1,875
Georgia..........— 2,906 2,908 2,917 2,014 2,967 2,988 3,011 3,035 3,060 3,085
Florida............... 1,383 1,432 1,478 1,505 1,534 1,560 1,587 1,614 1,042 1,670
East South Central. 9,718 9,814 0,026 10,059 10,178 10,288 10,408 10,512 20,629 10,781
Kentucky........... 2,681 2,600 2,628 2,677 2,721 2,765 2,810 2,840 2,883 2,020
Tennesseo___... 2*509 2,596 2,030 2,675 2,712 2,747 2,785 2,824 2,864 2,893
Alabama............ 2,696 2,024 2,658 2,608 2,734 2.768 2,805 2,834 2,864 2,895
Mississippi------- 1,972 1,094 2,010 2,009 2,009 2,008 2,008 2,008 2,008 2,023
West South Central. 11,847 12,035 12,212 12,332 12,432 12,624 12,623 12,705 12,720 12,900
Arkansas............ 1,837 1,847 1,863 1,894 1,922 1,948 1,976 1,999 2,023 2,048
Louisiana........... 2,050 2,079 2,104 2, 111 2,113 2,115 2,118 2,120 2,122 2,132
Oklahoma.......... 2,333 2,369 2,403 2,429 2,460 2,470 2,491 2,509 2,528 2,548
Texas.................. 5,626 5,740 6,842 5,898 5,947 6,991 6,038 6,077 0,117 6,172
Mountain............... 3,639 3,676 3,704 3,714 3,721 3,725 3,733 3,746 3,769 3,792
M ontana......... 540 538 537 6311 535 533 531 531 531 530
Idaho................. 443 444 447 454 460 460 473 470 485 493
Wyoming........... 220 223 226 228 229 230 231 232 233 235
Colorado............ 1,019 1,029 1,033 1,044 1,049 1,053 1,058 1,002 1,060 1,071
New Mexico...... 413 419 423 423 422 422 422 422 422 422
Arizona.............. 418 428 433 426 419 412 400 400 406 412
Utah................... 498 504 509 510 512 613 514 515 516 510
Nevada............ 89 90 91 93 95 96 98 99 100 101
Pa/nfln 7,746 8,002 8,224 8,320 8,404 8,479 8,659 8,638 8,719 8,839
Washington....... 1 528 1,548 1,568 1,684 1,598 1,010 1,623 1,633 1,643 1,658
Oregon............... 925 041 957 969 980 090 999 1,008 1,017 1,027
California____— 6,293 8,613 5,699 5,707 5,828 5.879 6,937 6,997 0,059 a, 154
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual population estimaies.

P O PU L A T IO N 11
No. I I . — P o p u l a t io n , E s t im a t e d a s o p J u l y 1, f o e C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d
S t a t e s a n d C e e t a i n O u t l y in g T e r r i t o r i e s a n d P o s s e s s i o n s
N o t e.—Estimates, except for continental United States and Hawaii, 1930 to 1938, are based on the assum p­
tion that the increase each year between 2 successive censuses is equal to the annual average increase
between the 2 enumerations. Revised estimates lor continental United States and Hawaii, 1930 to
1938, are based on available data regarding births, deaths, immigration, and emigration, allowance being
made each year for unregistered births and deaths. Estim ates for Puerto Rico, 1930 to 1038, are based
upon a census taken as of Dec. 1,1935. No further estim ates during this intorcensal decade
YEAR
Continental
U. S.
YEAR
Continental
U. S.
YEAR
Continental
U. 8. Alaska Haw aii Puerto
Rico
?hfll opine
Islands
1850....... 23,260,638 1882... 52,820,768 1910... 92,267,080 64,156 193,282 1,121,913 8,876,170
1866....... 27,386,359 1S83__ 54,099,061 1911- 03,682,189 63,196 199,874 1,140,038 9,045,363
1856___ 28,211,604 1884... 56,370,154 1912... 96,007,208 62,236 20C>, 466 1,169, 364 0,214, 558
1857....... 20,036,649 1885... 56,668,347 1913... 9G.512,407 61,276 213,058 1,178,006 9,383,749
1858....... 29,861,794 1886... 57,037, 540 1914... 97,927,516 60,316 219,650 1,196, 816 9,652,942
1850....... 30,686,939 1887. - 59,21C, 733 1915— 99,342,625 59,356 226,243 1,216, 452 9,722,135
I860....... 31,502,613 1888... 60,405,927 1916,.. 100,757,735 58,396 232,836 1,234, 268 9,891,328
1861....... 32,214,118 1889... 01,775,121 1917... 102,172,845 57,430 239,429 1,252,994 10,000, 521
1862....... 32,925,623 1890... 63,056,438 1918... 103,587,955 56,476 240, 022 1,271,720 10,220.714
1863....... 33, G37,128 1891... 64,361,124 1919, 106,003,065 55, 516 252,616 1,290,446 10,398, 503
1864....... 34,348,633 1892... 65,605,810 1920... 100,543,031 65,243 261,390 1,311,717 10, 666,889
1805....... 35,060,138 1893... 66,970,496 1021-. 108,207,853 65,656 272,364 1,335, 532 10,755,275
1866....... 35,771,043 1894... 68,275,182 1922... 109,872,675 56,070 283, 332 1,359,347 10,903,661
1867___ 36,483,148 1895... 00,570,868 1923__ 111,537,497 56, 484 294,300 1,383,162 11,072,047
1868....... 37,194,663 1806... 70,884,554 1924__ 113,202,319 56,898 306,268 1,406,977 11,240,433
1869....... 37,906,168 1897... 72,180,240 1925... 114,867,141. 57, 312 316,236 1,430, 792 11,408,819
1870....... 38,655,010 1898... 73,403,926 1026... 11C,531,963 57,726 327,204 1,454,607 11,677,205
1871....... 39,814,757 1809... 74,708,612 1027__ 118,190,785 58,140 338,172 1,478,422 11,745,591
1872....... 40,074,498 1900... 76,129,408 1928... 119,861,607 68,564 349,140 1,502, 257 11,913,978
1873....... 42,134,239 1901... 77,747,402 1929... 121,526,429 58,968 360,109 1,520,052 12,082,366
1874....... 43,293,980 1902... 79,305,396 1930... 123,091,000 59,400 368,000 1,552,000 12, 250, 752
1875....... 44,463, 721 1903... 80,983,390 1931... 124,113,000 69,800 377,000 1, 583, 700 12,419,100
1876........ 46,613,462 1904... 82,601,384 1932... 124,974,000 60,200 383,600 1,015, 400 12,589,400
1877........ 46,773,203 1006... 84,219,378 1933... 125,770,000 60, 600 382,000 1,647,000 12,758,400
1878....... 47,032,945 1906... 86,837,372 1934... 126,626,000 61,000 382,000 1,078,600 12,927,400
1879....... 10,092,687 1907... 87,455,360 1935__ 127,521,000 61, 600 386,200 1,710,300 13,096,400
1880....... 50,262, 382 1908... 39,073,360 1936... 128,429,000 62,000 392,500 1,742; 000 13,289.000
1881........ 51, 541, 575 1909... 30,691,864 1937... 120,257,000 62,200 309,000 1,774,000 13,439,000
1938... 130,216,000 62,700 405,000 1,806, 000 ....................
Sourco: Department of Gommorco, Bureau of the Census; annual population estimates.
No. 1 5 .—P opulation, by Race and Nativity, by Sex, Continental United
States: 1930 and Earlier Years
N o t e . — Figures for “All other" in 1930 inolude Mexicans; prior t o 1930 Mexicans were classified for the
most part as white. See fontnoto 2, table 20
CLASS
1910 1920 1930
MALES PKU 100
PEM AU23
Male Female Male Female Male Female 1910 1920 1930
All classes__ 47,332,277 44,339, 989 53, 900,431 51, B10,189 62,137,080 60,687, 986 106.0 104.0 102.6
White.................... 42,178,245 39, 553,71248,430,655 46,390.200 55,163,864 53,700,353 100.6 104.4 102.7
Negro...................... 4,885,881 4,941,882 6,209,436 6,253,605 5,855, 669 6,035,474 98.0 99.2 97.0
Indian..................... 135,133 130,660 125,068 119,309 170,350 162,047 103.5 104.8 105.1
Chinese................... 66,856 4,675 63,891 7,748 59,802 16,152 1,430.1 605,6 394.7
Japanese.................. 63, 070 9,087 72,707 38,303 81,771 57,063 694.1 189.8 143.3
A ll other................. 3,092 88 8,674 814 805,634 067,877 cu 1,065.6 120.6
White population:
Native, total......... 34,054,457 33,731,055 40,902,333 40,205,828 48,010,146 47,487,655 102.7 101.7 101.1
Native parentage.. 25,229,218 24,250,357 29,036,781 28, 785,176 35,460,001 34,076,613 104.0 103.0 1Q2.3
Foreign or mixed
parentage.. 9,426,239 9,472,598 11,265,552 11,420,662 12,550,144 12,811,042 99.8 98. e 98.0
Foreign........ 6,466,793 6,459,618 7,810,531 7,884,008 8,438,676 8,600,545 100. C 99.1 98.6
Mixed.......... 2,968,440 3,013,080 3,465,021 3,536,644 4,111,468 4,250,407 y8.E 97.7 96.7
Foreign born......... 7,523,788 5,821,757 7,528,322 0,184,432 7,153,709 6,212,698 129.2 121.7 116.1
1800 1870 1880 1890 1906
Total males______ 16,085,204 10,493,565 25,518,820 32,237,101 38,816,448
Total females............ 15,358,117 19,004,806 24,636,963 30,710,613 37,178,127
Males per 100 females. 104.7 102.2 103.6 105.0 104.4
■>Ratio not shown, nmnhcr of females being loss than 100.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. II.

12 AREA AND POPULATION
N o . 1 6 .— P o p u l a t i o n , b y S e x , b y E a c h o r
TOTA L P O P U L A T IO N 1930
D IV IS IO N A N D S T A T E
1830 1030 Native white
Male Female Male Female
Males
per
100 females
Male
Female
Males
per
100 females
Foreignborn
white
Male
Continental IT. S__ 63, 900,481 51, 810,189 62,137,080 60,637, 960 108.5 48, 010,145 47,487,655 101.1 7,163,709
Hew England_____
Maine ............
New Hampshire..
Vermont ___
Massachusetts__
Rhode Island___
Connecticut.......
Middle Atlantic___
New York_____
New Jersey_____
Pennsylvania___
East North. Central..
Ohio.....................
Indiana...............
Illinois.............
Michigan.............
Wisconsin........
West North Central.
Minnesota...........
Iowa.....................
Missouri..........
North Dakota__
South Dakota__
Nebraska.............
Kansas.................
South Atlantic____
Delaware.............
Maryland............
Dlst. of Columbia.
Virginia................
West Virginia__
North Carolina..
South Carolina...
Georgia................
Florida.............
East South Central..
Kentucky............
Tennessee............
Alabama..............
Mississippi.........
West South Central.
Arkansas..........
Louisiana.............
Oklahoma............
Texas...................
Mountain.— ______
Montana.............
Idaho...............
Wyoming............
Colorado..............
New Mexico____
Arizona...............
U tah....................
Nevada________
Pacific.....................
Washington____
Oregon.................
California............
8, 672, 591
388,752
222,112
178,854
1,890,014
297,524
695.335
11, 206,445 11,054,699 13, 188, 681
5,187,350 5,197,877 6,312,520
1, 590,075 1,565,825 2,030, 644
4,429,020 4,290,997 4,845, 517
11,035,041 10,440, 502 12, 904, 783
2, 055,980 2,803,414 3.361.141
I, 489,074 1,441,316 1, 640, 061
3, 304,833 3,180,447 3,873, 457
1, 928,436 1,739,976 2, 519, 309
1,356,71S 1,275,349 1, 510, 815
3,450,067
1,245,537
1,229,392
1,723,319
341,073
337,120
672,805
909,221
7,035,848
113,755
729,455
203, 543
1,168,492
763,100
1, 279,062
838,293
1,444,823
495,320
4,471, 690
1,227,494
1, 173,967
1,173,105
897,124
5, 265, 829
895,228
903.335
1,058,044
2,409,222
1,789,299
299,941
233,919
110,359
492,731
190,466
183,602
232,051
46,240
2, 964,028
734,701
416,334
1,813,591
3,728,318
379,262
220, 971
173,574
1,962,342
306,873
685,296
6,085,132
1,141,5S8
1,174, 029
1,680,736
305,199
299,427
623,667
860,033
6, 964,429
109,248
720,206
234,028
1,140,695
700,601
1,280,061
845,431
1,451,009
473,150
4,421, 017
1,189,136
1,163,918
1,175,099
893,494
4,970,395
850,976
895,174
070,239
2,254,006
1,546, 802
248,948
197,947
84,043
446,898
169,894
150, .560
217,345
31,167
2,602,245
621,920
367,055
1,613,270
4, 024, 657
401, 285
231, 759
183, 266
2,071,672
335, 372
801, 303
6, 786, 442
1,316, 571
1,255,101
1, 822, 866
359, 615
363, 650
700, 348
961, 291
7, 880, 0S4
121, 257
821, 009
231,883
1, 216, 046
889, 871
1, 575, 208
853, 158
1,434, 527
737, 675
4, 947, 502
1,322, 793
1,304, 559
1,315, 009
1.005.141
6, 188, 624
939,843
1,047, 823
1,233,284
2,965, 994
1, 949, 798
293, 228
237, 347
124, 785
530, 752
219,222
231,304
259, 999
53,161
4,268, 659
826,392
499,672
2,942, 595
4,141, 684
396,138
233,534
176, 345
2,177,942
352,125
806, 600
13,072,069
6,275,546
2,010,690
4,785,833
12,392,402
3,285,556
1,598,442
3,757,197
2,323,016
1,428,191
0, 511,473
1,247,382
1,215,838
1,806,601
321,230
329, 199
671,615
919,708
7, 912, 955
117,123
810, 517
254,986
1,205,805
839,334
1,595,068
885,607
1,473,979
730,530
4,939,712
1,291,796
1,311,997
1,331,239
1,004,680
5,989, 906
914,639
1,053, 770
1,262, 776
2,858,721
1,751, 991
244,378
207,685
100,780
505,030
204,095
204,269
247,848
37,897
3,925,774
737,004
454,114
2,734,656
97.2
101.3
99.2
103.9
95.1
95.2
99.5
100.9
100.6
101.0
101.2
104.2
105.5
103.2
100.9
111.9
110.5
105.2
104.5
99.6
103. 5
101.3
90.9
100.8
106.0
98.8
96.3
97.3
101.0
100.2
102.4
99.4
98.8
100.0
103.3
102.8
99.4
106.2
103.8
111.3
120.0
114.3
123.8
105.1
107.4
113.2
104.9
140.3
108.7
112.1
110.0
107.6
3,067, 723
349,764
189,967
160,080
1,532,751
24G, 989
588,172
9,879,094
4,442,330
1,481,862
3,955,902
104.1 10,605,117
102.3 2,845,524
102.6 1,498,772
103.1 3,027,347
108.4 1,951,137
105.8 1,282,337
5,976,171
1,085,126
3,151,068
1,625,545
294,141
313,906
630,013
876,372
5,541,147
04,919
629,427
153.330
870,949
795,879
1,115,181
470,192
912,606
489,664
3,010,047
1,196,873
1,064,404
848,196
500,574
4, 555,245
690,265
044,305
3,079,456
2,135,229
1,586,710
236,894
214,007
105,264
443,117
166,993
132,145
229,578
38,712
3,208,891
658.330
427,154
2,123,407
3,163, 080
345,051
191,723
155,824
1,605,539
250,313
605,630
10,023,968
4,517,414
1,502,905
4,003,649
10,448,622
2,841,461
1,482,230
3,020,856
1,858,766
1,245,309
5, 838,039
1,065,653
1,131,579
1,623,952
271,954
289,899
608,343
846,759
6, 60S, 859
93,890
629,650
170,652
860,636
766,535
1,110,979
468,582
910,451
486,484
6, 556, 902
1,169,651
1,061,140
836,869
489,233
4,374,504
668,478
638,945
1,017,215
2,049,866
1,448, 962
207,472
193,101
S9,145
432,594
156,965
116,642
222,605
30,438
3,129,719
618,513
404,400
2,106,806
97.0
101.4
99.1
102.7
95.5
95.2
97.1
98.6 2,761,740
98.3 1,653,170
95.6 443,132
98.8 665,438
101.5
100.1
101.1
100.2
105.0
103.0
102.4
101.8
101.7
100.1
108.2
108.3
103.6
103.5
100.7
101.1
100.0
89.8
101.5
103.8
100.4
100.3
100.2
100.7
101.5
102.3
100.3
101.4
102.3
104.1
104.2
100.8
106.1
104.2
108.1
114.2
110.8
118.1
102.4
106.4
113.3
103.1
127.2
102.5
106.4
105.6
100.8
904, 742
50.299
41,100
22,824
500,462
83.151
197,846
1,766,458
351,985
76,957
657,937
464,902
214,677
591,094
217,983
92,129
81.299
60,378
37,665
63,386
38,254
170,300
9,281
50,26G
15,652
13,701
32,864
5,089
3,120
8,175
32.152
83,369
12,292
7,394
9,326
4,347
97,320
6,006
20,376
15,544
55,394
169,997
44,899
18,947
12,439
48,004
4,755
9,392
22,978
8,583
658,669
142,594
62,078
454,027
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Eeports, Population, Vol. II.

POPULATION— SEX AND RACE 13
N a t io n a l i t y , a n d N a t i v i t y , b y S t a t e s : 1920 a n d 1930
1930—-Continued
Foreign-bom
white—Con. Negro Mexican Indian Chinese Japanese DIVISION
Fomale
Males
per
100 females
Male
Males
per
Female 100 females
Male
Male
Male
Female
Female
Female
Male Female
6,213,698 115.1 5,855,689 6,035,474 97.0 758,674 083,859 170,350 162, 047 59, 802 15,152 81, 771 57, 063 u. s.
AND
STATE
929,568 97.3 40, 963 47,123 99.7 69 38 1,273 1,193 3,233 501 277 76 N. E.
60,069 100.5 597 499 119.0 2 518 494 93 22 2 1 Me.
41,500 99.2 524 200 197.0 1 33 31 71 13 M TT
20.237 112.8 310 258 120.2 1 20 16 20 51 1 v t
645.174 93.4 20,097 26,268 99.3 43 23 458 416 2,530 443 151 50 Maas.
87,663 95.0 4,802 6,051 90.3 0 4 154 104 170 27 15 2 It. I.
185,025 108.9 14, 573 14,781 98.6 20 7 90 72 340 51 108 22 Conn.
2,607,302 110.1 520. 826 632,078 97.9 4,650 2,207 4,012 8, 097 12,508 1,502 2,740 922 M, A,
1,638.379 107.5 199,485 213,329 93.5 1,879 1,019 3, 584 3, 389 8,649 1,016 2,201 729 N. Y.
401,310 110.4 102,929 105,899 97.2 295 159 123 00 1,008 175 322 117 N. J.
507,013 117.2 218,412 212,845 102.6 2,370 1,029 305 218 2,246 311 217 70 Pa.
1,467,466 121,2 475, 388 456,082 104.6 87,907 20,410 10,446 9,371 5,421 919 755 267 E. N. C.
292,100 120.5 169,128 160,176 106.0 2,806 1,231 252 183 1,168 257 131 66
58,177 132.3 57,008 54, 914 103.9 6,708 2,934 158 127 247 32 5 3 18
560,221 117.4 104,425 164,547 99.9 18,210 10,690 250 219 2,796 390 414 lea 111.
375,306 123.9 88,936 80,517 110.'5 8,629 4,807 3,835 3,245 902 179 138 38 Mich,
171,636 125.1 5,811 4,928 117.9 1,048 748 5,951 5,597 308 55 19 5 Wls.
438,183 126.3 167, 550 164,284 102.0 22,925 16, 880 24,848 23,397 1,481 307 602 941 W. N. C.
170,311 1 2 8 .0 5, 005 4,440 112.7 2,069 1,557 5,001 5,380 422 102 51 18 Minn.
73, GOG 125.2 8,987 8,393 107.1 2,380 1,015 349 311 120 27 10 3
08,091 119.4 111, 929 111, 011 100.0 2,834 2,155 330 242 521 113 80 14 Mo.
44,770 134.9 243 134 181.3 370 232 4,203 4, 094 93 10 60 31 N.Dak,
27,983 134.6 343 303 113.2 481 335 11,172 10,061 64 0 11 8 S.Dak.
61,900 122.0 7, 003 6.689 105.0 3,586 2,736 1,074 3,582 152 42 414 260
31,402 121.0 33,980 32,364 105.0 11,200 7,960 1,333 1,121 53 7 30 7 Eaps.
133,978 127.1 2,156,631 2,264,857 95.2 426 266 9,657 9,403 1,477 892 278 116 S. A.
7,604 122.1 10,983 15, 610 108.7 24 3 2 32 6 8 Del.
44,827 112.1 140, 500 135,873 103.4 38 18 34 16 389 103 27 II M d.
14,280 109.6 62,225 69,843 89.1 41 26 17 23 305 93 50 2 8 D , O.
10,119 135.4 321, 545 328, 620 97.8 20 16 436 343 239 54 37 6 Ya.
18,060 176.2 60,873 54,020 112.7 155 102 15 3 74 12 6 3 W . Va,
3,699 137.6 446. 600 472,147 94.0 8 2 8,353 8,226 59 9 11 0 N .O .
2,140 145.4 379,300 414, 381 91.5 4 5 474 485 38 3 11 4 S.C.
5,742 142.4 513,451 557, 674 92.1 38 9 20 17 181 72 23 9 Qa.
20,905 119.5 215,148 2 1 0 , 0 8 0 09.3 07 8 8 209 288 160 40 105 48 F l a .
24,306 137.2 1,801,662 1,350,686 95.9 780 618 1,072 1,034 589 154 32 14 E, S. 0.
9,648 128.7 113,501 112. 539 100.9 53 35 lfl 6 47 13 7 2 K y .
6,072 130.4 232,669 245,077 94.9 10 9 85 7C 60 10 S 3 Tonn.
6,384 140.1 457,144 487, 690 93.7 27 42 228 237 44 s 10 9 A l a .
2,702 160.9 498,338 511,380 97.4 694 627 743 715 438 123 1 M i e s .
72,812 133.6 1,126,608 1,166,448 97.8 858,151 337,846 48,270 47,400 1,287 345 438 255 w. s. c .
4,107 144.1 230,909 241,554 98.1 248 101 21C 198 181 05 fl 3 Ark.
14,634 140.2 379, 173 307.153 95.6 2,392 2,100 ' 80C 73f 327 95 33 19 La.
11,209 138.7 80,818 86,380 101.7 4,434 2,92C 46,741 45,081 17? 28 G7 37 Okla.
43,002 128.8 422, 608 432,350 97.7 351,077 332,004 616 485 546 157 323 190 Tex.
117,917 144.2 16,312 18,913 117.2 182,905 116,408 62,634 49,649 2,676 677 7,030 4,382 m .
28,062 100.0 710 546 130.0 1,760 805 7,601 7,184 427 59 51C 243 Mont.
11,607 104,7 395 273 144.7 907 371 1,833 1,805 295 4C 847 574 Idaho.
7,219 172.3 099 551 126.9 4,582 2,592 985 808 a s 17 045 381 Wyo.
37,402 128.3 5.739 6,089 94.3 30,824 20,852 748 647 195 38 1, 847 1, 36fi Colo.
3,042 150.3 1,631 1,319 110.1 30,775 28, 565 14,861 14,077 108 25 157 92 N.Mex,
0,199 151.5 0,352 4,397 144.6 69,102 56,071 22,471 21,255 846 205 532 347 Ariz.
20,794 110.6 609 490 122.0 2,728 1,284 1,516 1,368 282 CC 2,056 1,212 U tah.
3, 692 232.5 277 239 115.0 2,221 860 2,456 2,415 410 73 442 106 N ev.
601,068 131.6 46,069 45,063 100.0 200,962 188,iei 18,238 17,003 31,288 10,395 69,569 60,882 Pao.
101,662 140.3 3,797 3,043 124.8 477 85 5.778 5,476 1,723 472 10,200 7,637 Wash.
43,397 143.0 1,21C 1,024 118.2 1,247 321 2.442 2,334 1,525 55C 2,0151 2. 03E Oreg.
366,007 127.6 40,052 40,996 97.7 199,228 108,786 10,018 9,194 27,988 9,373 56,440 41,016 Calif.

14 AREA. AND POPULATION
N o . 1 7 . —
P o p u l a t i o n , b y
N o t e . — F ig u re s lo r “ A ll o th e r" in clu d e M e x ic a n s in 1930; p rio r to 1930, M e x ic a n s w e re d aam flo il
1880
1896 t
1980
DIVISION AND STATE
White
Negro
All
other2
White
Negro
All
other
White
Negro
Continental U, S__ 48,402,970 6,580,793 172,020 172,000 55,101, 258 7,488,070 357,780 66, BOO, 100 8, 833, 004
Hew England................. S. 968,789 39,925 1,815 4,083, 191 44, 580 2,978 6,627,026 59,080
Maine......................... 646,862 1,451 633 659, 263 1,190 033 092,220 1, 310
New Hampshire.......... 846,229 685 77 375,840 614 76 410,791 002
Vermont....................... 331,218 1,057 11 331,418 937 07 342,771 820
Massachusetts............. 1,763,782 18,697 606 2,215,373 22,144 1,430 2,769,704 81, O'
Rhode Island............... 209,939 6,488 104 337,859 7,303 254 419,050 0,002
Connecticut................. 510,709 11,547 384 733,438 12,302 518 892.424 16,220
Middle Atlantic............... 10,305,055 189,492 2,331
New York.................... 5,016,022 05,104 1,745 6,923,955
New Jersey................... 1,092,017 38,853 246 1,396,581
Pennsylvania............... 4,197,016 85,535 340 6,148,258
East Worth Central........... 11,012,047 183,298 11,323
Ohio.............................. 3,117,920 79,900 242
Indiana........................ 1,938,798 39,228 275
Illinois........................ 3,031,151 46,368 352
Michigan...................... 1,614,660 15,100 7,277
Wisconsin ................... 1,309,618 2,702 3,177
V/fcBt Worth. Central....... 6,949,576 202,323 6,744 8,060,083
Minnesota_________ 776,884 1,564 2,325 1,206,408
Iowa.............................. 1,614,600 9,516 499 1,901,000
Missouri........ .............. 2,022,826 145,350 204 2,628,468
North Dakota.............. 36,192 113 604 182,407
South Dakota.............. 96,855 288 1,025 328,010
Nebraska...................... 449,704 2,385 253 1,047,090
K ansas........................ 052,155 43,107 834 1,370,019
South Atlantic.................. 4,054, 112 2,941,202 1,883
Delaware___________ 120,160 26,442 6
Maryland..................... 724, 893 210,23C .20
District ol Columbia.. 118,006 59,59( 22
Virginia....................... 880,868 631,01C 91
"West Virginia ............ 592,537 25,88t 34
North Carolina............ 867,242 631, 277 1,231
South Carolina............ 391,105 604, 332 140
Georgia........................ 810,006 725,133 141
Plorfda......................... 142, C05 126,690 108
East South Central 3,857,593 1, 924,996 2,562
Kentucky..................... 1,377,17£ 271,452 00
Tennessee.................. 1,138,831 403,151 377
Alabama............ .......... 662,185 600,102 217
Mississippi_____ ____ 479,398 650,291 1,908
West South Central.......... 2,243,722 1,087,705 2,703
Arkansas................. 591, 531 210,666 328
Louisiana..................... 454,954 483,655 1,337
Oklahoma3. .................
Texas_______ ______ 1,197,237 393,384 1,128
Mountain........................ 614,821 5,022 33,276
M ontana.................. 35,385 340 3,428
Idaho............................ 29, oia 53 3,544
Wyoming..................... 19,437 298 1,054
Colorado.......... .......... 191,120 2,435 766
New Mexico__ _____ 108,721 1,015 9,829
Arizona..................... 35,16C 155 5,125
U tah............................ 142,423 232 1,308
Nevada_____ ______ 53,556 488 8,222
Paoiflc............................ 997,455 6,830 110,293
Washington.___ _____ 67,10G 325 7,592
Oregon......................... 163,075 487 11,206
California.................... 707,181 6,018 91,495
13,253,725
3,584,805
2,146,730
3,708,472
2,072,884
1,680, —
6,692,149
140,060
828,403
154,605
1,020,122
730,077
1,055,382
462,008
978,357
224,949
4,306,608
1,500,462
1,336,637
833,718
544,861
3,206,836
818, 752
658,395
172,554
1,745,935
i, n r ,
127,690
82,117
50,324
404,534
142,018
55,734
205,925
39,121
1,754,644
340,829
301,982
1,111,833
226,320
70,002
47,038
107,596
207,023
87,113
45,215
57,028
15,223
. 2,444
224,089
3,683
10, 085
150,184
373
541
8,913
49, ,710
3,262,690
28,386
215,657
75, 572
635,438
32,690
501,018
088,934
858,816
160,180
2,119,707
268,071
430,678
678,489
742,659
1,378,090
309,117
550,193
21,609
488,171
12,971
1,490
201
922
6,215
1,960
1,357
588
242
14,110
1,602
1,186
11,322
12,100 15,110,862
0,127 7, 160,881
714 1.812,317
2,259 6,141, 004
17,557 15, 710,053
411 4,000,204
453 2,458, 502
852 4,734,873
6,783 2,398,603
10,058 2,057,911
47,935 10,065,817
10,192 1, 737,030
522 2,218, 067
543 2,944,843
8,203 311, 712
20,040 380,714
0,647 1,050, 620
1,770 1,410,319
3,083
41
240
125
420
27
1,549
207
181
203
3,689
102
203
1,194
2,190
67, 257
342
1,000
64,494
1,421
83, 601
13,744
0,230
2,300
2,500
15, 408
31,152
4,266
7,902
119,530
14,801
14,536
90,243
6,700, 058
153,077
952.424
101,532
1, 102,855
915,233
1,203,003
557,807
1,181,294
207,333
5,044,847
1,802,300
1, 540,180
1,001,152
041, 200
4,771,006
044,680
729,612
670, 204
2,420, 009
1, 579,855
226,283
154,495
80,051
520, 040
180,207
02,903
272,465
35, 405
2,293, 013
496, 304
394, 582
1,402,727
326,921
90, 232
00,844
150, 845
257, 842
96,901
57, 505
85, 078
16,810
2, 542
237, 90S
4,059
12, (193
101, 234
280
465
B, 200
62,003
3,720,017
30, 007
235,064
80,702
000,722
43,4(10
624,460
782,821
1,034,813
230,730
8,499,088
284,706
480,243
827,307
007,030
1,604,000
360, 856
080,804
86,684
020,722
18, 560
1,823
293
940
8,570
1,610
1,848
072
134
14, 664
2,514
1,105
11,048
> P°P"W ion specially enumerated in Indian Territory and on Indian reservations,
to 1890Cl W 111(112113 in Indian Territory and on Indian reservations, not enumerated at censuses prior
su“ pSX“ A ^ C

R ace, b t Sta tes: 1880 to 1930
POPULATION— RACE 15
most port as white.
tion of 1020
See footnote 2, table 20, for the estimated number of Mexicans Included in the
1900-
Con.
AH
other
White
1910 1920 1930
Negro
All
other
White
Negro
All
other White Negro All
other
D IV IS IO N
A N D
S T A T E
361,385 81, 731, 967 9,827,703 412,546 94,820,915 10,483,131 420,674 108,884,207 11,891,143 2, 010, 090 TJ.S.
8,892 6,480, 514 0 0 ,3 0 0 6,861 7,316,076 79,051 5,779 8, 085,113 94,086 7.142 IT. E.
921 739,095 1,303 1,013 705. 695 1,31C 1,00E 795,183 1 ,0 9 6 1,144 Me.
135 429,906 504 102 442,331 021 131 464,35C 70C 1 6 3 N. Ha
44 354,298 1,621 37 351,817 572 39 368,965 56S 78 V t .
3, G08 3,324,920 38,065 3,435 3,803,524 45,406 3,360 4, 192,926 52,365 4,323 Mass.
414 632,492 9,629 589 693,980 10,036 381 677, oie 9,913 6 6 8 R . I .
770 1,098,897 15,174 6 8 6 1,358,732 21,040 853 1, 576,073 29,354 876 Conn.
17,895 18,880,462 417,870 17, 570 21,641,840 600,188 19,121 25, 172,104 1,052,899 85,747 M. A.
12, 781 8,966,845 134,191 12,678 10,172,027 198.483 14,717 12, 150,293 412,814 24,959 N . Y.
1 ,5 0 8 2 ,4 4 5 ,8 9 4 8 9 , 7 6 0 1,513 3,0 3 7 , 0 S 7 1 1 7 ,1 3 2 1 ,6 8 1 3 ,8 2 9 ,2 0 9 2 0 8 ,8 2 8 3,2 9 7 N. J.
3,000 7,467,713 193,919 3,479 8,432,726 284,568 2,723 9, 192,602 431, 257 7,491 Pa.
17.880 17,827,822 3 0 0 ,8 3 6 22,163 20,938, 862 514,554 22,127 24,277,683 930,450 89,072 E. IT. O.
440 4,654,897 111, 452 772 5.571,893 180,187 1,314 6,331,136 309,304 6,257 Ohio.
455 2,030,961 CO, 320 505 2,849,071 80,810 509 3,116,136 111, 982 10,385 Ind.
1,599 5,526,902 109,049 2,580 6,299,333 182,274 3,073 7, 286,361 328,972 35, 321 i n .
6,603 2,785,247 17,115 7,811 3,801, 027 60,082 6, 703 4, 650 ,1 7 1 100,463 22, 701 Mich.
8,589 2,320,555 2,900 10,405 2,610,938 5,201 9,928 2,913,859 10,739 14,408 Wis.
43,897 11,361,821 242,662 43,638 12,225,887 278,621 40,341 12, 873,487 331,784 91,644 W. U, 0
9,399 2,050,227 7,084 9,397 % 308,936 8,800 9,380 2,638,973 9,445 15| 535 M inn.
493 2,209,191 14,973 007 2,384,181 19,005 835 2,448,382 17,380 5,177 Iowa.
688 3,134,932 157,452 051 3,225, 044 178,241 770 3,398,887 223,840 6,640 Mo.
7.148 569,855 017 6,584 039, 054 407 6,451 071, 243 377 9, 225 N.Dalc.
20,391 563,771 817 10,300 619.147 832 10,508 069, 453 640 2 2 , 7 5 0 B . D a k .
3,505 1,180,293 7,689 4, 232 1,279, 210 13,242 3,911 1, 353, 702 13,762 10,509 Nebr.
2,173 1,634,352 64,030 2,607 1,708,906 57,925 2,426 1,792,847 66,344 21,808 Kans.
8,405 8,071,603 4,112,488 10,804 0,648, 940 4,326,120 10,212 11, 349,284 4,421,388 22,917 S. A.
61 171,102 31,181 39 192, 615 30,335 53 205,694 32,002 84 Del.
556 1,062,639 232,250 457 1,204,737 244,479 445 1,354,170 270, 379 977 M d.
484 230,128 94,440 495 320,86C 109,900 745 353,914 132,068 887 D. O.
607 1,380,800 671,000 707 1,017,9 0 9 000.017 1,261 1, 770,405 650,165 1,281 Va,
68 1,156,817 64,173 129 1,377, 235 80.345 121 1,613,934 114,893 378 W. Va.
5,738 1,500, 611 097,843 7,933 1,783,770 763,407 11,937 2,234,048 918,647 16,681 N. 0 .
188 679,101 835,843 396 818,538 804,719 467 944,040 793; 681 1,044 S. O.
224 1,431,802 1,170,987 332 1,089, 114 1,200,365 353 1,836,974 1,071,125 407 Ga.
479 443,034 308,669 316 638,153 329,487 830 1,035,205 431,828 1,178 Fla.
3,024 5,764,328 2,652, 513 3,062 8,387,547 2, 623,532 2,228, 7,224,814 2,658, 238 4,882 E.S.O.
159 2,027,951 261,656 298 2,180,560 236,938 132 2,388,364 220,040 185 Ky.
187 1,711,432 473,088 260 1.886,993 451,758 134 2,138, 619 477,646 291 Tenn.
238 1,228,832 908,282 979 1,447,032 900,662 490 1,700, 775 944,834 639 Ala.
2,440 786, 111 1,009,487 1,510 853,962 935,184 1,472 996,856 1,009,718 3,247 Miss.
67,169 8,721,491 1,984,426 78,617 8,115,727 2,003,579 62,918 9,099,981 2,281, 951 794,898 W. S. 0.
128 1,131,026 442,891 532 1,279,757 472,220 227 1.374.900 478,463 1,113 Ark.
1,209 941,086 713,874 1,428 1,096,611 700,257 1,641 1,318,160 7 7 6 ,3 2 6 1 ,1 0 7 La.
64,503 1,444,531 137,612 76,012 1,821,104 149,408 57,081 2,123,424 172,198 100, 418 Okla.a
1,319 3,204,848 090,049 1,046 3,918,165 741,694 3,369 4,283,491 854, 904 686, 260 Tex.
79,212 2,620,456 21,487 61,595 8,212,899 30,801 92,401 3,303, 589 30,225 307,978 Mt.
15,523 360,58C 1,834 13,030 634,20C 1,658 12,971 517,327 1, 250 19, 023 Mont.
6,984 319,221 CGI 5,722 425,668 920 6,278 437, 562 008 6,802 Idaho..
2,640, 140,31S 2,236 3,412 100,14C 1,375 2,881 214,067 1, 250 10,248 Wyo.
2084 783,415 11,453 4,160 924,103 11,318 4,208 061,117 11,828 62, 846 Colo.
13,493 304,594 1,028 21,079 834,673 5,733 19,944 331,755 2,850 88, 712 N. Mex.
28,180 171, 408 2,009 30,877 291,440 8,005 34,708 204,378 10,749 100,446 Ariz,
3,612 366, 583 1,144 5,024 441,901 1,440 6,049 495,955 1,108 10, 784 Utah.
6,796 74,276 513 7,086 70,699 346 0,302 81,425 510 9,117 Nov.
108,416 4.023,873 29,196 139,236 6,353,634 47,790 105,447 7,498,376 90,122 605, 936 Pac.
19,285 1,109,111 6,058 26,821 1,319,777 0,883 20,061 1,521,009 6,840 35, 457 Wash,
17,849 055,0M 1,402 16,183 709,140 2,144 12,099 937,029 2,234 14, 523 Oresr.
71, 281 2,259,072 21,645 90, 232 3,204,711 38,703 123,387 5,040,247 81,048 555, 950 Calif.
! Includes population of Indian Territory for 1890 and 1900.

1 6 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 1 8 .— P opulation, by R ace or N ationality,
N o t e .— F ig u re s for 1020 for th e n a tiv e w h ite o f fo re ig n p a re n ta g e a n d of m ix e d p a re n ta g e a n d for t h e foreign-
D IV IS IO N A N D STATE
• N A T IV E W H IT E
Native parentage Foreign parentage Mixed parentage
F O R E IG N -
BORN
W H IT E
1930 1030 1920 1030 1920 1030 1920
Continental U. S.
New England.............
Maine.......................
New Hampshire___
Vermont..................
Massachusetts.........
Rhode Island...........
Connecticut.............
Middle Atlantic...........
New York................
New Jersey..............
Pennsylvania..........
East North Central......
Ohio..........................
Indiana....... ............
Illinois......................
Michigan.................
Wisconsin................
West North Central__
M innesota-...-.......
Iowa.........................
Missouri.........-.......
North Dakota.........
South Dakota.........
Nebraska.................
Kansas.....................
South Atlantic..............
Delaware________
Maryland.................
Dist. of Columbia...
Virginia....................
West Virginia......... -
North Carolina.......
South Carolina........
Georgia.....................
Florida.....................
East South Central.......
Kentucky— ..........
Tennessee...............
Alabama...................
Mississippi..............
West South Central___
Arkansas..................
Louisiana.................
Oklahoma................
T ex as......................
Mountain.....................
M ontana...............
Idaho........................
Wyoming.................
Colorado..................
New Mexico............
Arizona...................
• U tah.........................
Nevada....................
Pacific.........................
Washington.............
Oregon.....................
California.................
58,431, 957 70,136,614 15, 694, 539 16, 999, 021 0, 991, 665 8, 361, 965 13, 712, 754
2,803,149 3, 167,082 1,908,340 2,120,423 7S5,936 943, 298 1,870,654
495,780 515,243 86,160 87,094 76,416 92,478 107,349
225,512 239,438 81,039 83,791 44,547 58,461 91,233
228,325 234,090 42,100 40,771 36,866 41,043 44,526
1,230,773 1,429,784 1,093,268 1,202,191 401,959 606,315 1,077,534
173,553 210, 963 182,060 207,032 04,268 88,307 173,499
440,205 537,564 421,133 499,544 111, 880 156,694 376,513
9,831,013 11,449,898 6,397,951 6,254,301 1*700,302 2,198,863 4,912, 575
3,668,266 4,473,940 2,844,083 3,351,491 873, 566 1, 133,307 2,786,112
1,212,075 1,571,528 829,058 1,044,704 256,741 368, 535 738,613
4,750,071 5,404,424 1,724,810 1,858,100 569,995 607,021 1,387,860
11,790,370 14, 500,675 4,043,692 4,370,186 1,881, 521 2,182,978 3,223,279
3,669,122 4,325,311 838,251 921,783 386,823 439,891 678,697
2,329,544 2,606,744 227,066 225,153 141,593 150,105 150' 868
3,066,563 3,708,990 1,467,036 1, 006, 599 558, 783 672,614 1,206) 951
1,070,447 2,364,038 775,288 917,856 429,257 528,009 726,635
1,054,694 1,436,492' 730,051 698,795 366,065 392,359 460,128
7,475,548 8,547,483 2,126,126 1,948,472 1,251,762 1,320,255 i;s7i, m
827,627 1,114,316 708,120 655,750 347,010 380,613 486,164
1,528,553 1,697,638 376,710 332,051 253,271 263,058 225^ 647
2,536,936 2,770,338 300,064 272,240 202,018 200,919 186,026
207,950 256,622 203,973 193,107 96, 512 110,360 lBi; 503
308,598 376,378 141,341 132,497 86,817 95, 930 82,391
757,064 873,849 231,948 216,227 140, 555 148,280 149,652
1,308,804 1,463,442 163,964 144,600 126,500 125,089 110,678
8,779,416 10,412,388 353,643 384,887 199, 961 247,801 315,920
139,870 155,024 23,288 23,477 9,641 10,308 19,810
893,088 1,039,796 143,203 144,418 06,269 74,863. 102,177
239,488 262,427 35,129 36,809 23,095 24, 746 28,548
1,634,494 1,692,703 30,514 28,552 22,116 25,330 30,785
1,232,857 1,161,544 56,025 66,854 25,847 34,016 61,906
1,765,203 2.208,563 5,737 7,910 5,740 9,678 7,099
799,418 925,439 7,025 6,477 5,694 0,858 6) 401
1,642,697 1,792,199 16,371 15,215 13,860 15,343 16', 186
532,295 874,373 35,751 65,116 27,099 46,659 43,008
6,092,782 6,971,937 115,484 103,333 87,842 91,679 71,939
2,039,134 2,269,840 65,931 64,320 44,715 42,664 30,780
1,832,757 2,087,383 20,423 19,303 17,335 18,867 15,478
1,304,129 1,646,339 19,591 19,700 15,650 19,026 17,662
826,762 968,075 9,539 10,010 9,042 11,122 8,019
6,959,786 8,358,280 416,799 800,278 280,810 276, 191 459, 333
1,226,692 1,329,205 19,030 16,130 20,060 19,398 13,975
941,724 1,172,572 67,016 61,797 43,000 48,881 44,871
1,679,107 1,994,305 53,083 48,405 49,030 53,901 39,968
3,112,202 3,867,198 276,670 173,886 168,714 154,011 360,519
2, 002, 508 2,300, 256 451,132 401,071 306, 034 314,346 453,225
275,803 283,539 101,918 94,580 62,919 66,247 93) 620
294,262 320,189 47,920 42,888 44, 633 44,031 38j 963
122,884 148,381 25,234 26,439 10,773 10,689 25,255
603,041 669,106 130,059 125,631 74,049 80,974 116,954
273,317 302,753 18,865 10,741 13,414 10,464 29; 077
151,145 210,247 39,534 18,002 22,671 19,638 78,099
245,781 318,470- 75,901 60,526 611764 64,188 56,455
36,285 47,570 11,701 12,365 7,911 9,216 14; 802
2,887,387 4,433,736 884,372 1,118,320 B48,007 786, 554 1,033,868
711,706 873,627 214,618 229,003 143,398 174,153 ' 250j 055
497,726 629,974 95,827 108,797 73,442 92,783 102,151
1,677,965 2,930,135 573,927 780,460 331,107 519,618 681,662
Source: Department of
Vol. Ill, Part 1.
Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population,

POPULATION— RACE 17
Nativity, and P arentage, by States: 1920 and 1930
b o rn w h ite in c lu d e M o x tc a n s w h o w e re g iv en a se p a ra te classification in 1930. S e e fo o tn o te 2, t a b l e 20
FOREIGN*
HORN
WHITE—
CO!l.
Ne g r o MEXICAN INDIAN CHINESE JAPANESE
DIVISION
AND
STATE
1930 1920 1030 1930 1920 1930 1920 1930 1920 1930
13, 366,407 10,463, 131 11,891,143 1, 422, 633 244,437 332, 397 61, 639 74,964 111, 010 138, 834 TJ. S.
1,834,310 79,061 94,086 107 1,715 2,466 3, 602 3,794 347 352 N . E.
100,368 1,310 1,096 2 830 1,012 161 115 7 3
82,660 621 790 i 28 64 05 84 8 N . H .
43,001 572 568 1 24 30 11 34 4 1 V t
1.054,036 45,460 52,305 66 555 874 2,544 2,973 i 9r 201
170,714 10,030 9,913 10 110 318 225 197 35 17 I t I
382,871 21,046 29,354 27 159 162 566 391 102 130 C o n n .
3,269,042 600, 183 1,052,899 6,757 5,940 7 ,7 0 9 8,812 14,005 3.266 8 ,6 6 2 M , A .
3,101,549 198,483 412,814 2,898 6,603 6,973 6,793 9,665 2, G8G 2,030 N . Y .
844,442 117,132 208,828 454 100 213 1,190 1,783 325 439 N . J .
1,233,061 284,508 431,257 3,405 337 623 1,829 2,557 255 293 P a .
3.223,924 514,654 930,450 68,317 15,695 19,817 5,043 0,340 027 1,022 E . N . 0 .
644,161 186,187 309, 304 4,037 151 435 941 1,425 130 187
135, ,34 80,810 111,982 9,642 125 285 283 279 81 71 I n d
1,218,158 182,274 328,972 28,906 104 469 2,776 3,192 472 664 HI,
840,268 60,082 169,453 13,336 M 1 4 7,080 702 1,081 184 176 M ic h .
386,213 5,201 10,739 2,390 9,011 11,548 251 363 60 2 4 ■VYis.
1,059,277 278, 521 331,784 39,805 37,263 48,245 1,678 1,733 1,215 1,003 W . O.
388,294 8,809 9,445 3,626 8,701 11,077 508 524 85 69
165,735 19,005 17,380 4,295 529 660 235 153 20 19
149,390 178,241 223,840 4,080 171 678 412 034 135 94 M o .
105,148 407 377 008 0,254 8,387 124 103 72 91 N D a k ,
65,648 832 646 816 10,384 21,833 142 70 38 19 S .D a k .
115,346 13,242 13,752 6,321 2,888 3,256 189 194 804 674
00,716 67,925 00,344 19,150 2,276 2,454 68 60 52 37 K a n s .
304,278 4,325, 120 4,421,338 691 13,673 18,060 1,824 1,868 360 393 S . A.
10,885 30,335 32, 602 24 2 5 43 38 8 8 D o 1.
05,093 244,479 270,379 66 32 50 371 492 29 38 M d .
20,032 109,066 132,068 67 37 40 401 398 103 78 D , 0 .
23,820 090,017 650,165 36 824 779 278 293 66 43 V a.
51,520 80,345 114,893 267 7 18 08 86 10 9 ■W.Va.
8,788 703,407 918, 047 10 11,824 16,579 88 68 24 17 N . C .
5,266 864, 710 703,681 9 304 950 93 41 16 15 S. 0 .
13,917 1,206,365 1,071,126 47 125 43 211 253 9 32 G a.
59,057 329,487 431,828 185 618 587 181 200 106 153 F la .
67,665 2,523, 532 2,658,238 1,403 1,023 2,100 642 743 86 46 E . S. C,
21,840 235,938 226,040 88 67 22 62 GO 9 9 E y .
13,066 451,758 477,640 25 50 161 57 70 8 11
16,710 900,052 944,834 69 405 465 59 52 18 25
7,049 935,184 1,009,718 1,221 1,105 1,458 304 661 1 M iss.
170,232 2,063, 579 2,281,951 695,996 60, 618 95,670 1,534 1,582 578 687 W , S, 0 .
10,173 472,220 478,403 400 106 408 113 251 5 12 A rk .
34,910 700,257 776,326 4,552 1,006 1,530 387 422 57 52 L a .
26,753 149,408 172,198 7,354 67,337 92,726 201 206 67 104 O kla.
08,306 741,694 854,964 683,681 2,109 1,001 773 703 449 519 T e x .
287,014 30,801 SO, 225 249,314 76, 899 102,083 4,330 3,252 10, 792 11,418 M t,
72,961 1,658 1,256 2,671 10,956 14,708 872 480 1,074 753 M o n t.
30,454 920 668 . 1,278 3,098 3,638 585 335 1, 569 1,421
19,058 1,375 1,250 7,174 1,343 1,845 262 130 1,194 1 ,026
85,400 11,318 11,828 57,076 1,383 1,395 201 233 2,464 3,213 C olo.
7,797 5,733 2,850 59,340 10,612 28,041 171 133 251 240 N .M e x
l j y o i 8,005 10,749 114,173 32, 080 48,720 1,137 1,110 550 879
43,772 1,446 1,108 4,012 2,711 2,860 342 342 2, 936 3, 269 U ta h .
12,275 346 516 3,090 4,907 4,871 089 483 754 008 N e v .
1,159,765 47,790 90,122 370,143 31,011 35, 241’ 84,205 41,681 03,490 120, 251 P ao ,
244,256 6,883 0,840 562 9,001 11,263 2,363 2,195 17, 387 17,837 W a sh ,
105,475 2,144 2,234 1,668 4,500 4,776 3,090 2,075 4,151 4 ,958 O re s.
810,034 38,703 81,048 368,013 17,300 19,212 28,812 37,361 71, 952 97, 450 C alif.

1 8 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 1 9 .— P opulation, by R ace, Nativity, and P arentage—P ercent D istribution,
by States: 1910 to 1930
N ote.—Percentages for 1930, particularly in sonic States, are affected by the change in classification of
Mexicans. See footnote 2, table 20
PERCENT OF TOTAL POPULATION
PERCENT OF WHITE POPULATION
DIVISION AND STATE
White Negro Native, 1930 Foreign born
m o 1920 1930 1010 1020 1030 Total
Native
parentage
Foreign
parentage
Mixed
parentage
1910 1920 1930
Continental U. S... 88.9 89.7 88.7 10.7 9.9 9.7 87.7 64.4 15,6 7.7 16.3 14.5 12.3
New England______ 98.9 98.9 98.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 77.3 39.3 28.3 11.7 28 0 25.6 217
Maine.... ................ 99,7 90.7 99.7 .2 .2 .1 K7.4 64.8 11.0 11.6 14.9 14.0 12.6
New Hampshire— 99.8 09.8 09.8 .1 .1 .2 82.2 51.6 18.0 12.6 22.5 20.6 17.8
Vermont________ 99.6 90.8 00,8 .5 .2 .2 88.0 65.2 11.4 11.4 14.1 12.7 12.0
Massachusetts....... 08.8 08.7 98.7 1.1 1.2 1.2 74.8 34.1 28.7 12.1 31.6 28.3 25.2
Rhode Tsland......... 98. i 88.3 98.6 1.8 1.7 1.4 74.8 31.2 30.6 13.0 33.4 29.2 26.2
Connecticut........... 08.6 98,4 98.1 1.4 1.6 1.8 75.7 34.1 31.7 9.9 29.9 27.7 24.3
Middle Afclantio........ 87.7 97.2 95.9 2.2 2.7 4.0 79.1 45.6 24.8 8.7 25.6 22.7 20.9
New York.............. 08.4 117.0 96.5 1.5 1.0 3.3 73.7 30.8 27.6 9.3 30.4 27,4 26.3
New Jersey............ 00.4 06.2 04.8 3.5 3.7 5.2 77.9 41.0 27.3 9.6 26.0 24.3 22.1
Pennsylvania......... 07.4 06.7 05.4 2.5 3.3 4.5 86.6 58.8 20.2 7.0 19.3 16.5 13.4
East North Central__ 08.2 97.6 66.0 l.B 2.4 3.7 86.7 59.7 18.0 9.0 17.1 16.4 13.3
O lio..........., ........... 97.fi 06.7 95.3 2.3 3.2 4.7 89.8 68.3 14.6 6.9 12.8 12.2 10.2
In d ian a................ 07.7 97.2 96.2 2.2 2.8 3.5 95.7 83.0 7.2 4.8 0.0 5.3 4.3
Illinois.................... 08.0 97.1 96.2 1.9 2.8 4.8 70.3 51.9 22.1 9.3 21.8 19.2 16.8
Michigan.............. 00.1 98.2 06.0 .6 1.6 3.5 81.0 50.8 19.7 11.4 21.4 20.2 18.1
Wisconsin............... 99.4 09.4 99.1 .1 .2 .4 86.7 40.3 24.0 13.5 22.1 17.0 13.3
West North Central.. 87.6 97.6 96.8 2.1 2.2 2.6 91.8 63.4 16.1 10.3 14.2 11.2 8.2
Minnesota............. 00.2 99.2 09.0 .3 .4 .4 84.7 43.9 25.8 15.0 20.4 20.5 15.3
Io w a .................... 99.3 99.2 110.1 .7 .8 .7 03. 2 011.3 13.6 10.3 12.4 9.5 6.8
M isso u ri............. m,2 94.7 03.6 4.8 8.2 0.2 95.fi 81.7 8.0 6.0 7.3 6.8 4.4
North Dakota___ 98,8 08.9 08.1! .1 .1 .1 84.3 38.2 28,8 17.3 27.4 20.5 15.7
South Dakota___ 96.6 07.3 1)6.6 .1 .1 .1 90.2 66.1 19.8 14.3 17.8 13.3 9.8
Nebraska.............. 99.0 08,7 08.2 .« 1.0 1.0 91.5 04.0 10.0 11.0 14.9 11.7 8.5
Kansas................... 96.7 06,6 96.3 3.2 3.3 3.5 96.1 81.1 8.1 7.0 8.3 G.S 3.9
South Atlantic_____ 66.2 69.0 71,9 33.7 30.9 28.0 97.3 91.7 3.4 2.2 3.6 3.3 2.7
Delaware________ 84.6 86.4 8(1.3 15.4 13.6 13.7 91.8 75.4 11.4 5.0 10.2 10.3 8.2
Maryland__ _____ 82.0 83.1 83.0 17.0 10.9 16.0 93.0 76.8 10.7 5.5 0.8 8.6 7.0
Dist, of Columbia. 7L3 74.7 72.7 28.5 25.1 27.1 91.5 74.1 10.4 7.0 10.3 8 7 8.5
Virginia....... . ........ 67.4 70.1 73.1 32.(1 20.0 26.8 98.7 95.6 1.0 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.3
West Virginia____ 94.7 04.1 03.3 5.3 5w9 ftfl 96.8 90.6 4.1 2.1 4.9 4.5 3.2
N orth Carolina__ 68.0 69.7 70.5 31.6 29.8 20.0 99.6 98.8 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4
South Carolina___ 44,8 48.0 54.3 65.2 51.4 45.6 99.4 98.0 .7 .7 .9 .8 .6
Georgia.................. 64.9 68.3 63.2 45.1 41.7 30.8 00.2 97.6 .8 .8 1.1 1.0 .8
Florida_________ 58.9 66.0 70.5 41.0 34.0 20.4 94.3 84.5 5.3 4.5 7.6 0.7 6.7
East South Central... 68.4 71.0 73.1 31.5 28.4 26.9 99.2 96.5 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.1 .8
K entucky............ 88.0 00.2 91.3 11.4 9.8 8.8 99.1 96.0 2.3 1.8 2.0 1.4 .9
Tennessee—.......... m 3 80.7 81.7 21.7 10.3 18.3 99.4 97.6 .9 .9 L I .8 .6
Alabama............... 57.5 61.6 64.3 42.5 38.4 35.7 00.1 00.8 1.2 n 1.6 1.2 .9
M ississippi-......... 43.7 47.7 40.6 66.2 52.2 50.2 00.3 97.2 1.0 i . i 1.2 .9 .7
West South Central_ 78.6 79.2 74.7 22.8 20.1 18.7 08.1 91.8 3.3 3,0 5.2 5.7 1.9
Arkansas................ 71.8 73.0 74.1 m i 27.0 26.8 110.3 00.7 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.1 .7
Louisiana— ......... 56.8 61.0 62,7 43.1 38.0 30.9 07.4 80.0 4.7 3,7 5.5 4.1 2.6
Oklahoma.............. 87.2 89.8 88.6 8.3 7.4 7.2 08.7 03.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.2 1.3
T ex as................... 82.2 84.0 73.5 17.7 15.0 14.7 07.7 00.0 4.1 3.6 7.6 9.2 2.3
Mountain................... 96.7 96.3 89.2 .8 .0 .8 91.3 69.0 12.1 9.6 17.3 14.1 8.7
M ontana............... 95.9 97.3 96.2 . 5 .3 .2 85.0 54.8 18.3 12.8 26.4 17.5 14.1
Idaho..................... 98.0 98.6 08.3 .2 .2 .2 93,0 73.2 0.8 10.1 12,7 0.2 7.0
Wyoming.............. 96.1 97.8 94.9 1.5 .7 .6 1)0.8 00.3 12.4 9.2 10.3 13.3 0.2
Colorado................ 08.0 98,3 92,8 1.4 1.2 L I 01.1 OS). 6 18.1 8.4 m 2 12.7 8.9
New Mexico......... 93.1 92.0 78.4 .5 1.0 .7 97. 0 01.3 8.2 3.2 7.4 8.7 2.4
Arizona.................. 83.9 87.2 60.7 1.0 2.4 ' 2.5 04.1 79.6 7.1 7.4 27.3 26.8 5.9
U tah...................... 98.2 08.3 07.7 .3 .3 .2 01.2 04.2 14.0 12.9 17.3 12.8 8.8
N evada.-—.......... 00.7 01,3 89.4 .6 .4 .0 84.9 68.4 15.2 11.3 24.2 20.9 16.1
Pacific----------------- 96.0 96.2 91.5 .7 .9 1.1 84.6 69.1 14.9 10.6 21.4 19.3 16.6
W ashington...___ 97.1 07.3 97.3 .8 .5 .4 83.9 57.4 15.1 11.4 21.7 18.0 16.1
Oregon.................. 07.4 08.2 08.2 .2 .3 .2 88.7 67.2 11.0 9.(1 16.7 13.3 11.3
California.______ 95.0 06.3 88.8 .0 i .i 1.4 83.9 68.1 16.6 10.3 22.0 20.0 10.1
Source: Department of Coumicrco, Bureau of the Census: Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol.II.

POPULATION'— RACE 19
N o. 2 0 .— P opulation, by Race ob N ationality, N ativity, and P arentage,
Continental U nited States: 1870 to 1030
CLASS 18701 1880 1890 1900 1910 W 0 1930
38,668,371 60,155,783 62,947,714 75,084,675 81,978,268 105, 710, 0SO m , 775,048
White*............................. 33,589,377 43,402,970 65,101,258 06,809,190 81,731,957 04,820,015 108,864,207
4,880,009 6,580,793 7,488,670 8,833,994 9,827,703 10,403,131 11,891,143
Mexicans...........................
325,731
366,407
248,253 237,100 265,683 244,437 332,307
63,199 105,465 107,488 80,863 71,531 61,639 74,954
55 148 2,039 24,320 72,157 111,010 138,834
3,175 9,488
Foreign or mixed parentage. 5,324,208
4,107,098
1.157,170
5,498,712
100.0
32,001,142 43,475,840 53,698,154 65,653,290 78,456,380 91,789,928 108,570,897
6,667,229 0, 679, 943 9,240,560 10,341,270 13, 515,880 13,920,602 14,204,149
28,005.005 86,843, 291 45,979,301 50,505,870 68,386,412 81,108,181 .95,497,800
22,771,397 28,608,424 34,476,716 40,949,362 49,488,575 58,421,957 70,136,614
8, 274, 807 11,503,675 15, 646,017 18,897,837 22,686, 204 26,361,186
6,363,769 8,085,019 10, 632,280 12,016,311 16,694,539 16,999,221
1,911,098 3,418,056 8,013,737 5,981,526 6,991, 665 8,361,965
0,559,670 9,121,867 .10, 213,817 13, 345,645 13, 712, 754 18,366,407
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
88.0 89.7 88.7
10; 7
9.7
.1
1.2
.1 .4 .3 .3 .2
,2 .2 .2 . i
.1
,1 .1
( l) W
85.6 80.7 85.3 86.4 86.3 86.8 83.4
14.4 13.3 14.7 13.6 14.7 13.2 11.6
72.0 73.6 73.0 74.6 74.4 76.7 77.8
59.1 57.0 54.8 63.0 53.8 55.3 57.1
16.5 18.3 20.6 20.5 21.5 20.7
10.8 12.7 12.8 14.0 14.0 14.8 13.8
6.6 6.8
13.0 10.9
White2............................... 87.1 86.6 87.5 87.9
12.7 13.1 13.9 11.8
Mexican *...........................
Another *...........................
Foreign or mixed parentage. 13.8
Mixed....................... 3.0 3.8 5.4 6.6 6.5
14.2 13.1 14.5 13.4 14.5
Inorease over preceding
oensus: *
7,116,050
22.6 11,697,412
80.1 U2,466,467 24.9 13,046,861 20.7 16,077,691 21.0
White2............................. 6,668,840
Mexican.............................
Percent............................
24.8 0,813,503
2 9 .2
438,170
9.0 1,700,784 34.9
13,680,920 11, 707,938
26. 7 21.2 14,022,761 22.3
889,247
13.5 1,346,318 903,760
18.0 11.2
—18, 290 40, G7G —7, G01
—41.5
—11.4 —11,057 28,487
168,1
—4.5 12.0
28,206 42,266 2,010 —17,625 —18,332
80.9 G6.9 1.9 —36.4 —20.4
55 03 1,801 22,287 47,831
(10) 1,277.7 1,093.0 196.0
All other *......................... 3,175
13,738,354
14.9
13,088,958
mo
635,368
-21,246
—8.0
—9,892
—13.8
33,853
53.8
8,813
198.8
13,333,548
17.0
404,806
3.0
6,680,618
20.8 10,484,698 81.8 0,896,863 22.8 11,955,145 22.3
12,803,081 10.5
1,428,632
34.5 1,112,714 20.0 2,569,604
38.6 1,091,716 11.8 3,174,610 30.7
6,269,881
Percent_____ _______ 23.1 8,747,626 31.1 0,018,732 24.5 10,615,088 23.3 11,791,033 20.8 12,721,740 18.0
5,797,027
25.6 6,789,924 6,473,646 8,530,213
20.3 18.8 20.9 8,033,382 18.1
Foreign or mixed parentage. 2,050,590 3,228,808
30.0 4,142,342 3,251,820 3,788,367
65.4 36.0 20.8 20.0
2,106,671
52.7 1,721,260 2,547,261 2,284,031
27.0 31.6 21.5 2,778,228 21.5
753,0 2 8 1,507,558 1,595,081 967,789 1,010,130
65.2 78.9 46.7 19.3 16.0
1,306,959 1,065,067 2,562,188 1,001,950 3,131,728 367,209
34.1 19.4 39.1 12.0 30.7 2.8
17,064,426
161
“14,743,833
“15.7
1, 428,012
13.6
• 721,992
• 103.1
87,060
36.0
13, 316
21.6
27, 824
25.1
41,490
437.3
16,780,969
IS. 3
283, 457
2.0
“14,032,820
118.1
11,714,667
20.1
»2,018,163
*13.0
“1,477,386
“9.6
*1,440,777
“20.8
*111,013
*.8
i Enumeration in Southern States incomplete; this effects especially figures /or the Negro population.
1 White population includes Mexicans prior to 1930. The estimated number ot Mexicans included in
the white classification in 1920 was as follows: Total, 700,641; native white, 243,181 (172,704 of foreign parentage
and 70,477 of mixed parentage); foreign-born white, 457,300. For close comparison with 1930, adjusted
figures for 1920 may be obtained by deducting these from the white papulation as reported in 1920.
• Exclusive ot Indians in Indian Territory and on Indian reservations, not enumerated prior to 1800.
1 Comprises Filipinos, Hindus, Koreans, Hawaiians, Malays, Siamese, Samoans, and Maoris.
* Less than one-tenth of 1 percent. • A minus sign (—■) donotes decrease.
! Exclusive of 326,464 persons (117,368 whites, 18,636 Negroes, 189,447 Indiana, and 13 Chinese), specially
enumerated in 1890 in Indian Territory and on Indian reservations.
“ Increase over figures adjusted for 1020 on account of Mexicans. See footnote 2,
5 Increase over estimated number in 1920. 10 Percent not shown where base is less than 100.
Sourcg: Depajtmgnt of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vql, U,

2 0 AREA AND POPULATION
N o. 2 1 .—P opulation, Urban and Rural, by Race, Nativity, and Parentage,
by Sex and Age Groups, Continental United States: 1930
N ote.—For definition of urban and rural population, see table 9, page 7
NUMBER
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
CLASS Urban Rural Urban Rural
1030 1930 1930 1930 1920 1930 1920 1930
Total....................... 54,304,603 68, 954,823 51,406,017 53,820,223 loo.o 100.0 100.0 100.0
White............................... 60,620,084 62,836,605 44,200,831 46,027,602 93.2 91.1 86.0 85.6
Negro............................... 3,550, -173 5,193,913 0,903,058 6,607,230 6.6 7.5 13.4 12.4
All other1........................ 125,046 924,305 301,528 1,005,361 .2 1.3 .6 2.0
Native -white:
Native parentage___ 24,656,720 33,497,232 33,866,228 36,639,382 45.2 48.6 65.9 68.1
Foreign or mixed parentago....................
15,706,372 18,612,514 6,979,832 6,748,672 28.9 27.0 13.6 12.5
Foreign-born white......... 10,356,083 10,726,859 3,366,771 2,639,548 19.1 15.6 6.6 4.9
CLASS
Male
Urban
Female
sex distribution, 1930
Males
per 100
females
Male
Rural
Female
Males
per 100
females
Total....................................... 34,154,760 34,800,063 98.1 27,982, 320 25,837,908 108.3
W h ite .............................. -......... - 31,162,570 31,074,035 98.4 24,001,284 22,026,318 109.0
Negro................................................ 2,479,158 2.714,755 91.3 3,376,511 3,320,719 101.7
All o th er......................................... 513,032 411,273 124.7 604,525 490,806 123.2
Native white:
Native parentage...................... 16,515,816 16,681,416 97.3 18,944,186 17,695,197 107.1
Foreign or mixed parentage— 0,004,667 9,607,847 93.7 3,545,477 3,203,105 110.7
Foreign-horn white......................... 5,042,087 5,084,772 111.0 1,511,622 1, 127,926 134.0
AGE DISTRIBUTION, 1930
CLASS
Under 5
years
5 to 9
years
10 to 14
years
15 tu 19
years
20 to 44
yearn
45 to 64
years
65 years
and over
Unknown
U R B A N PO PU LA TIO N
Total urban........ 5,626,360 6,211,141 5,949,693 6,015,411 29,071,885
Percent of total . 8.2 9.0 8.6 8.7 42.2
12,490,762 8, 523, 535
18.1 5.1
66,036
.1
M ale-- .................... 2,856,018 3,128, 680 2,970,010 2,881,288 14,351,722 6,304,005 1,627,928 36,004
Female...................... 2,771,842 3,082,455 2,079,674 3,134,123 14,720,103 0,180,667 1,895, 607 30,032
W hite...................— 5,074,431 5,621,105 5,455,278 5,486,937 26,166,057 11,611,834 3,306,066 54,897
Negro....................... 427,007 468,357 407,867 447, 155 2,520,611 773,870 139.108 9,338
All other................... 124,322 121, 679 86,548 81,319 385,217 105,058 18,361 1,801
Native white:
Native parentage-. 3,517,183 3 ,597, 090 3,171,407 3,053,878 13,545,214 5,077,408 1,495,526 38,926
Foreign or mixed
parentage............ 1,533,643 1,920,459 2,160,882 2,156,157 7,315,446 2,797,669 720,309 7,949
Foreign-horn white.. 23,605 102,956 122,989 276,902 5,305,397 3 , 7 3 6 ,7 6 7 1,150,231 8,022
R U R A L PO PU LA TIO N
Total rural____ 5,818,030 6,396,468 6,065, 184 5,536,704
Percent of total. 10.8 11.9 11.3 10.3
17,951,362
33.4
8,924,219 3,110,270
16.6 5.8
27,986
.1
Male. - ..................... 2,951,156 3,252,422 3,098,758 2,876,537 9,223,378 4,866,974 1,697,283 15,812
Femalo..................... 2,866,874 3,144,046 2,956,426 2.660,167 8,727,984 4,057,246 1,412,987 12,174
White...... ................. 4,852,965 5,335,039 5,091,004 4,624,647 15.365,687 7,890,311 2,846,517 22.432
N egro..................—. 802,599 900,024 843,675 .803,373 2,197,204 912,361 233,611 4,303
All other................ — 162,466 161,405 120,505 108,684 388,471 121,657 31,142 1,161
Native white:
Foreign-born white. - 4,183 • 18,735 24,747 47,728 950,274 ■1,085,017 607,062 1,802
Native parentage.. 4,421,982 4,723,348. 4,356,946 3,878,625 11,865,306
Foreign or mixed
parentage............ 426,800 592,956 709,312 698,294 2,550,107
6,440,380 1,934,361
1,364,914 404,094
18,436
M95
>For 1030 includes Mexicans. See note 2, table 20.
Source; Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Veil, U,

POPULATION— NONCONTIGUOUS TERRITO RIES 21
No, 3 2 .— P opulation— Median 1 Age, by Race, Nativity, and Sex, Continental
United States: 1920 and 1930
N A TIV E W H IT E
S E X
A LL CLASSES
Total
Native par*
entago
Foreign
o r mixed
parentage
P O R E IG N -
B O R N WHITE
N E G R O
1 020 1030 1 0 2 0 1 030 1 020 1 9 3 0 1920 1030 1 9 2 0 mo m o 1 0 3 0
Total...... ................. 2 6 .2 0 6 . 4 2 2 . 4 2 3 .8 2 2 .7 2 3 . 3 2 1 .6 2 5 .1 4 0 . 0 4 4 . 4 3 2 .3 2 3 . 4
Male. ............................... 2 6 .8 2 0 . 7 2 2 . 4 2 3 .7 2 2 .8 2 3 . 4 2 1 .4 2 4 .7 4 0 . 1 4 4 . 0 2 2 . 8 2 3 . 7
Female.......................— 2 4 . 7 2 6 .1 2 2 . 3 2 3 .9 2 2 .6 2 3 . 3 2 1 .0 2 5 .4 3 9 , 0 4 4 . 0 2 2 . 0 2 8 . 2
' D e f in it io n ov M n n iA N .—The median is the numerical valuo of the half-way point in a series of units
arranged according to size, ago, value, weight, or some other measurable! characteristic. Therefore there
are as many units above tile median size, weight, etc., as there aro below it. One-half the population is
older than tho median ago and tile other half is younger. One-half of tho homes have a value above the
median value, the other half a valuo below it.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census; Fifteenth Ceusus Reports, Population, Vol. II.
No. 3 3 .—P opulation, by Sex, R ace, Nativity, Parentage, and A ge Groups,
for Alaska, H awaii, and Puerto Rico
N o t e ,—Data represent actual enumerations. For estimated total population for intercensal years, see
table 14, p. ll. The population of Puerto Rico for 1935 is according to a census taken as of Deo. 1 of that
year by the Puerto Biban Reconstruction Administration; see Population Bulletin No. 2. For total
population for 1940, see table 4, p, 2, and table 911, p. 918
m o 1020 1930
1910 1920 1930
ALASKA
Total.......... 64,368 66,036 69,278
Mala....................... 45,857 84,639 35,764
Female....... ........... 18,499 20,497 23,514
W hite..................... 38,400 27,883 28.640
Indian.................... 25,331 26.558 29,983
Chinese.................. 1,209 66 26
Japanese................. 913 312 278
Negro...................... 200 128 136
All other................ 294 99 215
Native.................... 43,921 42,766 48,709
Foreign-born.......... 20,435 12,270 10,569
Native white......... 18,420 16,286 18,460
Native parentage- 10,003 0,538 10,980
Foreign parentage 4.760 4,174 4,324
Mixed parentage- 2,673 2,574 3,148
Foreign-born white- 17,974 11,597 10,180
Under 6 years......... 5,363 6,600 0,356
Under I y e a r.... 1,108 1,152 1,339
5 to 9 years............. 4,020 5. 590 0,078
10 to 14 years.......... 2,870 4,292 5,095
16 to 10 years.......... 3, 634 3, 270 4, /ii5
20 to 44 years......... 36,070 22,676 21,036
46 years and over-. 11,966 13,224 15,839
Ago unknown........ 622 297 139
HAWAII
Total.............. 101,.900 266, 912 368,336
Male....................... 123,099 151,140 222,640
Female................... 68,810 104,766 145,696
Hawaiian................ 20,041 23,723 22,636
Part-Hawaiian__ : 12,506 18,027 28,224
W hite....... —.......... 44,048 64,742 80,373
Chinese.................. 21,674 23,607 27,179
Japanese________ 79,676 109,274 139,631
Filipino_________ 2,301 21,031 63,062
Korean................... 4,633 4,960 6,461
Negro..................... 695 348 563
Other races............— 376 310 217
Hawaii—continued
Native..................... 98,157 168,671 299,799
Native parentage- 47.347 79,242 161,708
Foreign parentage 42,387 73,079 100,946
Mixod parentago. 0,423 10,350 31,145
Foreign-horn........... 93,752 87,241 68,637
Under 5 years....... 24,065 38,550 48,180
Under 1 year___ 5, 515 8,579 9,573
5 to 9 years......... 19, 055 30,195 47,119
10 to 14 years_____ 13,537 22,060 38,042
15 to 19 years_____ 13,650 20,045 33,490
20 to 44 years__ ... 95,721 103,410 147,919
45 years and over... 25,825 40,933 53,483
Age unknown......... 56 113 103
P U E R T O RICO
1920 1930 1935
Total.......... 1,299, 809 1, 643, 913 1, 723, 534
Male........................ 647,826 771,761 SOI, 035
Female................ 651,984 772,152 861, 899
Native........-........... 1,291,042 1, 537,896 1, 718, 218
Foreign-born.......... 8,167 0,017 6, 310
White...................... 948,709 1,140,719 1, 312, 406
Native................. 941,228 1,141,114 1,307, 617
Foreign-born___ 7,481 5, C05 4,979
351,160 397,194 411,038
Native............... 350,414 396,782 410,701
Foreign-born____ 086 412 337
Under 5 years......... 200,255 226,468 246,437
Under 1 year....... 43,184 44, 033 63,462
6 to 9 years............. 196,131 224,022 239,148
10 to 14 years.......... 168,054 199,337 224,780
15 to 19 years.......... 126,248 186,160 183,039
20 to 44 years.......... 441,128 608,729 600,666
46 years and over.— 168, 090 198, 985 229,546
Age unknown......... 297 222 16
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tho Census; Outlying Territories and Possessions, 1030; see
also headnoto.

22 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 2 4.— P o p u latio n , by Race, N ativity, and P a re n ta g e , f o r
N o te.—The 1930 figures for “ Other races’’ include Mexicans who in 1920 were classified for the most
population of the city. The increase from census to census includes that
TOTAL POPULATION
NATIVE WHITE, NATIVE
PARENTAGE
CITT
1800 1000 1910 1920 1930
Number
1920 11)30
Percent,
1930
Akron, Ohio..................... 27,601 42,728 69,067 208,435 255,040 125,079 162,699 63.8
Albany, N. Y .................. 94, 923 94,151 100,263 113,344 127,412 56,205 66,566 52.2
Allentown, Pa_........... 25,228 35,416 51,913 73,602 92,563 51,937 64,147 09.3
Altoona, Pa.... ................ 30, 337 38,973 52,127 60,331 82,054 43,390 61,060 75.5
Asheville, N. O,............... 10, 235 14,694 18,702 28,504 50,193 19,984 33,585 66.9
Atlanta, Ga..................... 65,533 89,872 154,839 200,016 270,366 124,948 166,613 61.6
Atlantic City, N. J____ 13,055 27,838 46,150 60,707 66,198 22,087 24,464 37.0
Augusta, Qa..... ........... —
Austin, Tex...... ........... —
33,300 30,441 41,040 52,548 60,342 26,883 33,310 55.2
14, 575 22,258 29,800 34,876 63,120 20,905 31,666 59.6
Baltimore, M d.............. 434,439 608,957 558,485 733,820 804,874 378,380 427,372 53.1
Bayonne, N. J-............... 10,033 32,722 55,545 76,754 88,979 14,497 20,085 22.6
Beaumont, Tex............... 3,296 9,427 20,640 40,422 57,732 21,71C 32,900 57.0
Berkeley, Oalif_.............. 5,101 13,214 40,434 56,036 82,109 28,66£ 43,755 53.3
Bethlehem, Pa. a.............. 9, 621 10,758 12,837 60,358 67,892 26,503 29,82C 51.5
Binghamton, N . Y ......... 35,005 39,647 48,443 66,80C 76, 662 40,03C 46,369 60.5
Birmingham, Ala............ 26,178 38,415 132,685 178, S0C 259,678 92,211 141,493 54.5
Boston, Mass.3................. 448,477 660,892 670,685 748,06C 781,188 181,811 200,13C 25.6
Bridgeport, Conn............ 48,800 70,990 102,054 143,555 140,710 36,816 37,587 25.6
Brockton, Mass............ 27,294 40,003 56,878 66,254 63,797 24, 643 24,909 39.0
Buffalo, N. Y.................. 255, 064 352,387 423,716 506,776 573,076 165,135 212,586 37.1
Cambridge, Mass............ 70,028 91,886 104,83S 100,694 113,643 20,045 31,10C 27.4
Camden, N. J ................. 58, 313 75,935 94,538 116.301 118,70C 56,249 52,912 44.6
Canton, Ohio................. 20,189 30,007 50,217 87,001 104,906 63, 783 65,09C 62.0
Cedar Rapids, Iowa........ 18,020 25,656 32,811 45, 560 50,097 20,667 36,025 64.2
Charleston, S. C............. 54,955 55,807 58,832 67,957 62,265 28,262 28,248 45.4
Charleston, W. Va.......... 6,742 11,099 22,996 39,608 60,408 31,044 48,167 70.7
Charlotte, N. C............... 11,657 18,091 34,014 40,338 82,675 30,196 54,819 66.3
Chattanooga, Tenn____ 29,100 30,154 44,604 57,895 119,798 34,911 81,212 07.8
Chester, Pa............. ........ 20,226 33,988 38,537 58,03C 69,104 26, 627 26,866 45.4
Chicago, 111.................. 1, 099,850 1, 008, 575 2, 185,283 2, 701,705 3,376,438 642,871 943,301 27.9
Cicero, 111........................ 10,204 18.31C 14,557 44,995 60,602 6,47C 13,564 20.4
Cincinnati, Ohio............. 296,008 325,902 363,591 401,247 451,160 206,605 264,123 58.5
Cleveland, Ohio.......... 261,353 881,708 560,663 796,841 900,429 212,247 242,832 27.0
Cleveland Heights, Ohio.
2,955 15,236 50,945 9,053 26, 210 51.4
Columbia, S. C............... 15,353 21,108 26,319 37,624 51, 581 21,605 30,417 59.0
Columbus, Ohio_______ 88,160 125,500 181,511 237,031 290,564 159,069 201,778 69.4
Covington, K y............ 37,371 42,938 53,270 57,121 65,252 37,391 49,297 75.5
Dallas, Tex.................. 38,067 42,635 92,104 158,976 200,475 112,509 192,680 73.9
Davenport, Iowa....... .... 26,872 35,254 43,028 56,727 60,751 29,394 36,214 59.6
Dayton, Ohio.................. 61,220 85,333 110,577 152,559 200,982 100,996 142,059 70.7
Dearborn, Mich..............
844 911 2,470 50,358 (*) 20,351 40.4
Decatur, 111.................. 16,841 20,754 31,14C 43,818 67,510 33,254 45,939 79.9
Denver, Oolo................... 106,713 133, set 213,381 266,491 287,861 144, 678 169,457 58.9
Dos Moines, Iowa........... 60,093 02,13£ 86,368 126,468 142, 559 84,361 100,236 70.3
Detroit, Mich_________ 205,870 285,704 465,766 993,678 1,568, 662 313,997 637,844 34.3
Duluth, Minn............. 33,115 52,969 78,406 98,917 101,463 23,931 30,675 30.2
Durham, N. 0 ................ 5,485 6,670 18,241 21,719 52,037 13,608 32; 382 62.2
East Chicago, Ind........... 1,255 3,411 19,098 35,967 54,784 5,954 11,621 21.0
East Orange, N. J...........
21,506 34,371 50,710 68,020 27,455 ’ 33,647 49.5
East St. Louis, 111......... 15,109 29,655 68,647 60,707 74, 347 38,854 45,826 Cl. 6
Elizabeth, N. i _____ ... 37,764 52,130 73,409 95,783 114,589 25,887 33,606 29.3
El Paso, Tex................. 10,338 15,906 39,279 77,560 102, 421 27,456 32,810 32.0
Erie, Pa.......................... 40,634 52,733 00,625 93,372 115,967 . 41,179 65,286 47.7
Evanston, 111_________
19,259 24,978 37,234 63,338 16,723 31,987 60.6
Evansville, Ind 50,758 59,007 69,647 86,264 102,249 60,270 80,329 78.6
Fall River, Maas 74,398 104,863 119,295 120,485 115,274 19,168 24,368 21.1
Flint, Mich..................... 9,803 i 3 , io a 38,55C 91,699 166,492 60,186 91,567 68.5
Fort Wayne. Ind........ 35,393 45,115 63,933 86,549 114,946 67,675 86,106 75.0
Fort Worth, Tex........— 23,076 26,688 73,312 106,482 163,447 75,515 126' 116 77.2
Fresno, Calif............... 10,818 12,470 24,892 45,086 52,513 23,793 25,914 40.3
Galveston, Tex............... 29,084 37,789 36,981 44,255 52,938 17,289 22,401 42.3
Gary, Ind.......................
16,802 55,378 100,426 16,519 33,635 33.5
>Includes Indians, Chinese, Japanese, and other nonwhite. (See headnote.)
»Bethlehem borough includes West Bethlehem prior to 1920. Consolidated with South Bethlehem
borough as Bethlehem city between 1910 and 1920. Combined population 1890, 19,823; 1900,23,999; 1910,

POPULATION'— PRINCIPAL CITIES 23
C i t i e s H a v in g , i n 1930, O v e r 50,000 I n h a b i t a n t s : 1920 a n d 1930
putt as white. Sco footnote 2, table 20, Percents show proportion which specified class forms of total
duo to annexation of territory as well as to direct growth
NATIVE WHITE, FOREIGN
OH MIXED PARENTAGE
FOREIQN-TIOIIN WHITE
negro a n d o th e r
RACES 1 9KX, 1030
Number Percentcent,
Number
Per-
Number
1020 1930
1930
1920 1930
1930
1920 1930
Percent,
1930
Male
Female
CITY
89,760 49,477 19.4 37,889 31.668 12,4 6,717 1L290 4.4 130,029 126, Oil Akron.
38,186 40,47fl 31.8 17,636 17,91S 14.1 1,308 2 ,462 1.1 01,947 65>466 Albany.
12,767 18,439 19.9 8,612 9,607 10.4 18(1 376 A 45,437 47,12C Allentown.
10,729 13,425 10.4 5,312 6,961 7,3 900 718 .9 40,351 41,708 Altoona.
808 1,506 3.0 555 842 1.7 7,167 14,260 28.4 23,124 27,069 Asheville.
8,009 9,007 3.3 4,738 4,727 1.7 02JJ31 90,119 33.3 126,493 143,873 Atlanta.
10,690 16,147 24.4 7,009 9,903 15.0 11,021 15,084 23.7 31,449 34,749 Atlantic Oity.
2,078 1,953 8.2 927 734 1.2 22,000 24,345 40.3 28,329 32, 013
4,476 4,020 9.3 2*647 1,617 3,0 6,948 14, 911 28.1 25,204 27,860 Augusta.
Austin.
102,839 160,342 19.9 83,911 74,410 0.2 108,000 142,750 17.7 396,888 408,986 Baltimore.
30,103 41,681 40.8 25,472 24,89fl 28.0 682 2,314 2.0 47,119 41, 860
3,558 4,084 7.1 1,918 1,523 2.6 13,236 19,225 83.8 28,844 28,888 Bayonne.
Beaumont.
16,954 21,69C 20.3 9,678 12,163 14.8 1,840 4,001 6.fl 38,623 43,480 Berkeley.
12,646 16,837 29.1 10,043 10,092 17.4 800 1,142 2. C 29,086 28,804 Bethlehem.!
15,742 18,967 24.7 10,308 10,566 13.8 000 760 l.C 37,206 30, 460 Binghamton.
10,255 13,191 5.1 0,084 6,867 2.3 70,260 99,127 88.2 125,855 133,823 Birmingham.
300,75fi 329,27C 42.1 238,619 229,35C 29.4 17,576 22,432 2.9 383,454 397,731 Boston.*
57,990 04,979 44.3 40,414 40,759 27.8 2,335 3,391 2.3 73,001 73,656 Bridgeport.
23,868 24,070 87.7 17,124 14, 275 22.4 019 534 .8 30,941 32,860 Brockton.
216,377 227,007 39. ? 121,53C 118. SIC 29.(1 4,783 14,207 2.5 284,40C 288,616 Buffalo.
43,101 44, QIC 39.3 32,104 32,33C 28.4 5,444 5,597 4.9 54,013 60,030 Cambridge.
31,242 35,75C 30.1 20, 202 18,015 15.7 8,650 1L417 9.0 59,442 59,258 Camden.
1 7 ,3 0 4 23,534 22.4 14,88C 13,213 12.(1 1,324 3,009 2.9 63,301 61,006 Canton.
12,348 14,225 25.4 5,863 4,974 8.9 088 873 1.0 27,139 28,968 Cedar Rapids.
6,180 4,318 0.0 2,143 1,611 2.0 32,372 28,088 46.1 28,382 38,883 Charleston,S.O.
2,084 3,786 0.2 1,364 1,741 2.9 4,520 0,704 11.2 29,681 30; 727 C h a r l e s t o n ,
W. Va.
983 1,778 2,2 614 893 1.1 14,045 26,185 30.5 39,583 43,092 Charlotte.
2,860 3,819 3.2 1.240 1,464 1.2 18,894 33J503 27.8 57,932 61,800 Chattanooga.
13,908 14,906 26.3 11, 202 8,048 18.0 7,203 9,294 16.7 30,424 28,740 Chester.
1,140,810 1,332,373 39,6 805,482 842,067 24.9 112,530 268,707 7.7 1,710; 003 1,006,776 Chioago.
23,050 33,382 50.1 15,400 19,490 29.3 9 100 .2 34,284 32,318 Cicero.
121,005 104,154 23.1 42,827 34.835 7.7 30,150 48,048 10.0 218,095 232,105
310,241 354,771 39.4 239,538 229,487 26.5 34,815 73,339 8.1 456,866 443,673 Cincinnati.
Cleveland.
4,101 16,529 32.4 1,890 7,016 14.9 186 690 1.2 23,199 27,740 Cleveland
Heights.
918 1,101 2.1 644 624 l.C 14,457 19,630 37.9 24,005 27,576 Columbia.
39,697 40,638 14.0 16,066 16,279 6.3 2% 310 32,909 11.3 143,359 147,206 Columbus.
13,801 10,573 10.2 2,883 1,900 2.9 3,046 3,482 5.0 31,000 33,562 Covington.
13,649 16,007 6.4 8,730 0,473 2.6 24,088 44,766 17.2 126,071 134,404 Balias.
18; 991 17.80C 29.4 7,644 6.621 9.3 698 1,066 1.7 3U192 30,66C Davenport.
29,38? 29,768 14.8 13, 111 12,014 0.C 0,064 17,161 8.5 99.822 101,160 Dayton.

24 AEEA AND POPULATION
N o . 2 4 .— P o p u l a t i o n , b y R a g e , N a t i v i t y , a n d P a r e n t a g e , f o r C i t i e s
city
TOT All POPULATION
1890 1900 1910 1920 1930
NATIVE WHITE, NATIVE
PARENTAGE
Number
1920 1930
Percent,
1930
Glondale, Calif-..............
Grand Rapids, Mich___
Greensboro, N. C ...........
Hamilton, Ohio--...........
Hammond, Ind...............
Hamtrnmck, Mich.........
Harrisburg, P a ------------
Hartford, Conn...............
Highland Park, Mich-__
Hoboken, N. J ____
Holyoke, Mass.......
Houston, Tex..........
Huntington, ‘W. Va.
Indianapolis, Ind—
Irvington, N. J___
Jackson, Mich____
Jacksonville, P in -..
Jersey City, N. J —
Johnstown, P a -__
Kalamazoo, M ich..
Kansas City, Kans.
60,278
3,317
17,565
5,428
39,385
53,230
43,648
35,637
27,557
10,108
105,436
20,798
17,201
163,003
21,805
17,853
38,316
87,565
10,035
23,914
12,376
50,167
79,850
427
59,364
45,712
44,633
11,923
169,164
5,255
25,180
28,429
200,433
35,936
24,404
51,418
2,746
112,571
15,895
35,279
20,925
3,559
G4,186
98,915
4,120
70,324
57,730
78,800
31,161
233,650
11,877
31,433
57,699
267,779
65,482
39,437
82,331
13, 536
137, 034
19,861
39,075
36,004
48,615
75,917
138,036
46,499
68,166
60,203
138,276
50,177
314,194
25,480
48,374
91,558
298,103
67,327
48,487
101,177
02,736
168,592
53,569
52,176
64,560
66,268
80,339
164,072
52, 959
59,261
56,537
292, 352
75, 572
364,161
56,733
55,187
129, 549
316,715
66,993
54, 786
121,857
9,032
56,079
13,364
27,201
14,953
2,073
59,268
40,327
19,605
43,217
79,450
38,086
40,112
34,606
4,185
62,204
45,582
23,079
68.9
47.1
71.1
70.9
53.6
7.4
77.4
27.8
43.6
14,473 13,372 22.6
10,994 13,221 23.4
72,433 173,692 59.4
44,720 60,854 88.5
219,297 265,349 72.9
9,806 21,101 37.2
30,058 36,202 65.0
39,960 68,915 53.2
87,083 100,101 31.6
34,207
27,873
56,575
34,687
34,009
72,256
Kansas City, Mo. 132,716 163,752 248,381 324,410 399,746 209,134 270,885 67.8
Kenosha, \Tis_..
Knoxville, Term.
Lakewood, Ohio.
Lancaster, Pa__.
Lansing, Mich—
Lawrence, Mass—
Lincoln, Nebr___
Little Rock, A rk ..
Long Beach, Calif.
Los Angeles, Calif.
Louisvillo, Ky___
Lowell, Moss.........
Lynn, Mass_____
Macon, Ga............
Madison, W is.................
Malden, Mass.................
Manchester, N. H ...........
MoKeesport, Pa___-___
Medford, Mass................
Memphis, Term............ „
Miami, Fla______ ____
Milwaukee, Wis..............
Minneapolis, M inn.........
Mobile, Ala.....................
Montgomery, Ala...........
M ount Vernon, N. Y__
Nashville, Tonn_______
Newark, N. J ..............
New Bedford, Mass.......
New Britain, Conn........
New Haven, Conn.........
New Orleans, La.............
New Rochelle, N. Y___
Newton, Mass________
New York, N. Y.&.........
Niagara Falls. N. Y ___
Norfolk, Va„...............
Oakland, Calif___ ___ _
Oak Park, 111...............
Oklahoma Oity, Okla..
Omaha, Nebr*.............. .
Pasadena, Calif..............
Passaic, N. J ...................
0,532
22,535
32,011
13,102
44,654
55,154
25,874
564
50,395
161,129
77,690
55,727
22,746
13,426
23,031
44,126
20,741
11,079
64,495
204,468
104,738
11,600
32,637
3,355
41,459
10,485
02, 559
40,169
38,307
2,252
102,479
204,731
94,909
68,513
23,272
10,164
33,664
50, 987
34,227
18,244
102,320
1, 681
285,315
202,718
21,371
36,340
15,181
47,227
31,220
85,892
43,073
45,941
17,809
319,108
223,928
100,294
89,336
40,665
25,531
44,404
70,063
42,694
23,150
131,105
6,471
373,857
301,408
31,076 38,460 61,521
21,883 30,346 38,136
10,830 21,228 30,910
76,168 80,805 110,364
181,830 240,070 347,469
40,733 62,442 90,652
16,519 25, 098 43,910
81,298 108,027 133,605
242,039 287,104 330,075
9,057 14,720 28,867
24,379
2,507,414
34,871
48,682
4,151
140,452
4,882
13,028
33,587
3, 437,202
19,457
46,624
66,960
10,037
102,555
9,117
27,777
39,806
760,883
30,445
67,452
150,174
19,444
64,205
124,090
30,291
54,773
40,472
77,818
41,732
53,150
57,327
94,270
54,948
65,142
55,593
576,673
234,891
112,759
99,148
52,995
38,378
49,103
78,384
46, 781
39,038
162,351
29, 571
457,147
380,582
60,777
43,464
42,726
118,342
414,524
121,217
59,316
162,537
387,219
36, 213
46,054
5,620,048
50,760
115,777
216,261
30,858
91,295
191,001
45,354
83,841
1Includes Indians, Chinese, Japanese, and other nonwhites.
1 Population shown is for New York City as now constituted.
50,202
105,802
70,509
59,049
78,397
85,008
75,933
81,679
142,032
1,238,048
307, 745
100,234
102,320
53,829
57,809
58,036
76,834
54,632
59,714
253,143
110,637
578,249
464,350
68,202
66,079
61,499
153,860
442,337
112,597
68,128
162, 655
458,762
54,000
05,276
6,930,446
75,460
129,710
284,063
63,982
185,389
214,006
76,086
62,959
11,409
63,558
20,557
42,126
38,373
17,232
85,432
38,279
48,468
54,401
51.8
62.1
59.3
34.3
80.7
54.3
80.8
09.5
12,325 14,039 16.6
33,381 50,501 66.5
40,851 55,838 68.4
37,888 99,992 70.4
294,458 818,028 40.9
139,403 212,121 68.9
24,676 26, 929 26.9
33,988 34,370 33.8
27,923 20,199 54.2
10,145
15,087
18,851
16,284
15,463
82,795
14,348
130,845
133,178
29,060
21,145
15,010
74,022
113,413
20,098
11,161
44,401
190,041
11,730
20,148
1,104,834
13,477
57,759
00,279
20,206
71,446
86,525
27,966
8,816
35,085
17,823
21,377
20,368
21,319
137,074
64,072
217,729
194, 704
36,326
33,734
20,386
103,757
108,574
22,104
13,600
44,770
242,282
18,292
. 29,631
1,505,200
20,696
72,687
131,755
34,034
154,179
108,433
44,797
9,888
60.6
30.7
27.8
37.3
35.7
54.1
57.9
37.7
41.9
53.3
51.1
33.1
07.4
2-1.5
10.7
20.0
27.5
52.8
33.9
45.4
21.7
27.3
56.0
46.4
53.2
83.2
50.7
58.9
15.7

POPULATION-PRINCIPAL CITIES 25
H a v in g , in 1930, O v e r 50,000 I n h a b it a n t s: 1920 and 1930— Continued
NATIVE WHITE, FOR­
EIQN OR MIXED FAR- FOREIGN-BORN WHITE NEGRO AND OTHER
ENTAGE
RACES 1
SEX,
1U30
Number
Perc
e n t,
Number
1920 1030 1930 1920 1930
Perc
e n t,
1930
Number
1920 1930
Perc
e n t,
1930
Male
Female
CITY
2,738 12, 660 20.2 1,561 5,762 9.2 205 1,097 1. 7 29, 785 32,951
62,038 68,865 34.9 28,365 27,240 16.2 1,162 3,037 1.8 82; 340 86,252
354 057 1.8 168 472 .9 5,97$ 14, Q54 26.2 25, 566 28,003 Greensboro.
8,473 7,909 15.2 2,663 % 183 4.2 1,338 1,972 3.8 20,11C 26,066
12,765 10,552 30.3 8,118 9,687 15.0 165 715 1.1 33, 63f 30,921
21,458 27, i)01 49.6 23,062 20,025 35.6 2,022 4,167 7.4 30, 090 26,172
7,242 8,014 10.0 4,144 3,704 4.6 5,263 0,417 8. C 38, 833 41,506
62, 687 67,357 41.1 40,007 44,628 27.1 4,355 6,606 4.0 80,015 84,057
13,789 14, 239 20.9 12,661 14,362 27.1 444 1,279 2.4 27, 307 25,592 Highland Part.
29,948 24, 221 40.9 23,490 21,100 35.7 252 508 .9 32,634 26,627
28.782 20,939 47.6 20,255 16,232 28.7 172 145 .3 20, ms 29,610
19,823 29,702 10.2 12,012 11,293 3.9 34,008 77, 60S 26. 6 145,962 146,390
1,834 2,974 3.9 732 1,097 1.5 2.891 4, 047 6. 1 37, 081 38,491
43,156 40,975 11. S 18,958 13,740 3.8 34,783 44,097 12.1 170, 047 187, 514
10,058 22, 258 39.2 5,508 13,239 23.3 108 135 .2 28,174 28,55C
11,656 12, 070 21.0 5,316 5, 071 9.2 844 1,844 3.3 28,072 27,115
6,118 8,062 6.2 3,894 4,363 3.4 41,686 48, 22C 37.2 62, 018 67,531
123,045 133,473 42.1 75,981 70,313 22.2 8,094 12,828 4.1 159, 315 157,400 Jersey City.
19,307 21,060 31.4 12,142 9,478 14.1 1,671 1,708 2.6 33, 579 33,414
12, 027 13,300 24.3 7,207 6,440 11.8 780 1, 037 l.{ 26, 931 27,855
18,472 19, 312 15.8 11,060 7,593 0.2 14,474 22, 696 18.6 60,807 60,090 Kansas City,
57,063 02, 578 15.7 27,320 24,278 0.1 30,893 42,005 10.5 194, 542 205,204 Kansas City,
Mo,
10,235 20, 520 40.8 12,714 12.257 24.4 114 263 .5 25,743 24,519
2,141 2,449 2.3 812 824 .8 11,307 17,007 16,2 50,973 54,829
13,800 22,424 31.8 7,256 9,047 13.7 111 15C .2 33,475 37,034
7,387 7,405 12.4 2,714 2,778 4.0 923 1,298 2.2 28,618 31,331
12,244 15,848 20.2 5,985 6,030 8.5 725 1,468 1. G 30,785 38,612 Lansing.
42, 604 42,172 49.6 39,063 28,633 33.7 278 224 .3 41,502 43,560
13,437 17,008 23.2 7,198 0,525 8.0 932 1,209 1.7 30,048 39,8B5
5,003 4,743 5.8 1,798 1,373 1.7 17,485 ID, 725 24.1 38,60t 43,070
10,353 25, 929 18.3 6,799 13,255 9.3 553 2,85C 2.0 08,2M 73,770
140, 349 273, 708 22.1 112,057 181,848 14.7 29,800 164,464 13.3 610,678 027,370
43,745 39, 243 12.8 11,021. 8 ,983 2.9 40,122 47,308 15.4 148,084 159, 661 Louisville.
49,793 46,994 40.9 38,040 20,129 20.1 250 182 .2 47,380 52,848
36, 361 39, 954 39.0 27, 858 27,091 20.6 941 905 .9 49,891 52,429 Lynn.
1,277 1,010 1.9 608 455 .8 23,007 23,165 43.0 24,707 29,062 Macon.
14, 068 17,127 20.6 4,852 5,274 0.1 313 413 .7 27, m 30,303 AMison.
19,38(5 23, 595 40.7 14,105 15,064 27.5 648 054 1.1 27,72$ 30, 308 Malden.
31,939 33,402 43.0 27,510 21,944 28.0 78 51 .1 36,81$ 40,010 Manchester.
17,878 21, 032 38.6 11,870 11,122 20.4 049 2, JJC 3. i; 27,994 20,038 MoKeosnort.
14,470 24,109 40.4 8,654 13, 072 22.9 651 ON u : 28,872 80,842 Medford.
12,543 14,192 5.6 5,775 5,262 2.1 61,238 90, 015 38.2 120,581 132, 502 Memphis,
3,353 13,171 11.9 2,563 8,218 7.4 9,302 25,170 22.8 54, C2G 50,008 Miami.
213, 911 241, 605 41.8 110,008 109,383 18.9 2,323 0,442 1.0 290,048 287,601 Milwaukee.
155,1515 183,941 39.0 88,032 80,834 17.4 4,217 4,877 i.i 225,547 238,809 Minneapolis.
5,783 5, 288 7.8 2,000 1,992 2,0 23, 023 24,590 36.1 32, COO 35,536 Mobiio.
1,725 1,740 2.6 761 031 1.0 19,833 29,974 45,4 30,635 35,444 Montgomery.
16,253 23,163 37.7 10, 090 14,270 23.2 1,368 3,071 6, r: 29.634 31,805 Mount Vernon.
6,294 6, 480 3.6 2,387 1,788 1.2 36, 039 42,841 27.8 71,945 81,921 Nashville.
166,807 178,818 40.4 117,003 115,204 20. (! 17,301 30,741 9,f 223,702 218, 574 Newark.
47,355 49, 371 43.8 48, 689 37,333 33. 2 5,075 3,72f 3.3 54,137 58,400 New Bedford.
26,602 33, 418 40.1 21,230 20,746 30. 5 323 364 .5 34, 294 33,834 New Britain.
67,729 72,393 44.5 45,680 40,001 24.6 4,721 5. 401 3,3 79,649 83,IOC New Haven.
69, 283 65,786 14.3 25,992 19,081 4.3 101,303 131,032 28. e 219,25G 239,512 New Orleans.
13, 349 18,416 34.1 8,457 12,556 23.3 2, 677 4,736 8 .8 20,762 27,238 New Rochelle,
16,148 21,418 32.8 10,170 13,557 20.8 570 070 1 .0 29,372 35,904 Newton.
2,303,082 2,788, 625 40.2 1,991,547 2,293,40C 33.1 100, 585343,221 At 3,472,059 3,467,490 New York.*
18,874 20,385 38.9 17,88G 24,407 32.4 623 1,012 1.8 38,778 36, 682 Niagara Pails.
7,880 8,488 (1.5 0,587 4,339 3 .3 43,651 44,190 34,1 05,040 64,601 Norfolk.
68,663 86,230 30.4 45,162 40,488 17.4 12,267 10,50C 5.8 142,434 141,629 Oakland.
13,829 21,353 83,4 6,634 8,411 13.1 189 184 .3 30,058 33,924 Oak Park.
7,948 11,711 6.3 3,477 3,143 1.7 8,424 16,356 8.8 93,751 91,638 Oklahoma City.
69,140 64,436 30.1 36,381 28,788 13.6 10, 555 12,34C 5.8 105,890 108,110 Omaha.0
0, Oil 14,472 19.0 6,785 9,874 13.0 1,592 0,943 9.1 33,740 42,346 Pasadena.
28,042 29,850 47.4 20,365 21,338 33.9 . 618 1,877 3.0 31,324 31,635 Passaic.
8 Omaha and South Omaha cities consolidated between 1910 and 1020. Combined population, 1890,
148,514; 1900, 128,500; 1910, 160,366.
2 0 7 7 0 ( 5 ° — 4 1 ---------4

26 A R E A AN D PO PU L A T IO N
No. 2 4 t . — P o p u l a t i o n , b y R a c e , N a t i v i t y , a n d P a r e n t a g e , f o r C i t i e s
TOTAL POPULATION
NATIVE WHITE, NATIVE
PAHENTAGE
CITY
1390 1900 1910 1920 1930
Number
1920 1930
Percent,
1930
Paterson, N. J ................. 78,347 105,171 125,600 135,875 138,513 31,824 33,838 2 4.4
Pawtucket, R. I.............. 27,033 39,231 61,622 04,248 77,149 14,780 20,394 2 6.4
Peoria, 111............................... 41,024 56,100 06,950 76,121 104,969 46,213 73,758 70.3
Philadelphia, Pa---------- 1,040,964 1,293,697 1,549,008 1,823,779 1,960,961 698,782 740,598 38.0
Pittsburgh, Pa................ >343,904 >451,512 533,905 588,343 609,817 216,530 272; 182 40.0
Pontiac, Mich................. 6,200 9,769 14,532 34,273 64,928 20,031 38,178 58.8
QQ0 7 663 9,9,, 951 50 909
Portland, Me.................. 36,425 50,145 68, 571 69,272 70,810 35,969 38,318 54.1
Portland, Oreg________ 46,385 00,420 207,214 258,238 301,815 136,216 166,874 55.3
Providence, R. I ............. 132,140 175,597 224,326 237,595 252,981 63,728 70,772 28.0
Pueblo, Colo.................. 24,558 28,157 41, 747 43,050 50,096 23,596 30, 031 59.9
Quincy, M ass............... 10,723 23,899 32,642 47,876 71,983 14,845 25, 88C 36.0
Racine, Wis................... 21,014 29,102 38,002 58,593 67,542 17,211 2 5 ,04£ 37.1
Reading, Pa................... 58,661 78,901 96, 071 107,784 111,171 81,000 79,807 71.8
Richmond, Va________ 81,388 85,050 127, 628 171,667 182,92S 102,956 116, 53C 63.2
Roanoke, Va................... 10,159 21,495 34,874 50,842 69,206 39,000 54,153 78.2
Rochester, N. Y.............. 133,896 162,608 2 18,14S 295,750 328,132 111,976 127,435 38.8
Rockford, 111--..................... 23, 584 31,051 45,401 65, G51 85,864 24,141 36,558 4 2.0
Sacramento, Calif. ......... 26,386 29,282 44,690 65,908 93,750 32,696 47,436 50.6
Saginaw, Mich.............. 46,322 42,345 60,510 61,003 80,715 25,805 36,841 45.6
St, Joseph, Mo................ 52,324 102,979 77,403 77,939 80, 935 53,531 6 0 ,69

Po p u l a t io n — pr in c ipa l c it ie s 27
H a v i n g , i n 1930, O v e r 50,000 I n h a b i t a n t s : 1920 a n d 1930— C on tin ued
NATIVE W HITE, FOREIGN
OR MIXED PARENTAGE
FOREIGN-HORN WHITE
NEGRO AND OTHER
R a c e s 1
SEX , 1930
N u m b e r
P e r -
c e n t,
1930
N u m b e r
P e r -
c e n t,
1930
N u m b e r
1920 1930 1920 1930 1920 1030
P e r ­
c e n t,
1930
M a l e
F e m a le
C IT Y
67,2 8 6 68,9 7 7 4 2 .0 4 5 ,1 4 5 4 2 ,0 0 9 3 0 ,8 1,0 2 1 3,0 8 9 2 .2 0 0 ,1 7 8 6 9 ,3 3 5
28,0 8 4 34,2 2 6 4 4 .4 2 1 ,0 2 4 22,2 1 8 2 8 .8 360 311 . 4 3 7 ,3 1 4 39,8 3 5
19,904 21,241 2 0 .2 7 ,7 9 0 6 ,7 3 0 0 .4 2 ,1 5 4 3,234 3 .1 6 2 ,5 1 2 52,457
601, 471 619,235 3 1 .7 397, 927 308,624 1 8 .9 135,599 222, 504 1 1 .4 9 6 8 ,2 8 1 982,6 8 0 P h i l a d e l p h i a .
213,405 233,063 3 4 .8 120, 206 109,0 7 2 16.3 38,0 8 2 55, 50{ 8 .2 332, 576 337,241 P i t t s b u r g h .
8 ,4 2 9 14,1 8 9 2J. 9 5 ,1 8 5 9 ,1 6 2 14.1 G28 3 , 39C 5 .2 3 4 ,0 8 7 20,041 P o n t i a c .
2,1 5 3 3,2 8 4 0 .5 1 ,4 1 3 1, 570 3 .1 3 ,9 2 3 11,927 2 3 .4 2 0 ,7 6 0 24,136 P o r t A r t h u r .
19, 692 20,6 0 2 2 0 .0 1 3 ,2 2 9 11,071 1 6 .5 382 31C . 5 3 3 ,8 3 1 30,070 P o r t l a n d , M e .
09,631 8 0 ,0 6 7 2 6 .8 4 7 ,1 1 4 4 8 ,3 3 0 1 0 .0 5 ,3 2 7 5,6 3 8 1 .9 1 5 0 ,4 0 4 151,321 P o r t l a n d , O r e g .
99,077 111,894 4 4 .2 6 8 ,9 5 1 04,6 0 5 2 5 .5 5,8 3 9 5,710 2 .3 121, 227 131,754 P r o v i d e n c e .
10, 540 10,3 7 8 2 0 .7 7 ,3 9 3 4 ,7 2 2 9 .4 1,5 1 5 4,0 0 6 9 .9 25, 301 24,792
10, 214 28,371 3 9 .4 1 3 ,7 4 9 17,6 5 2 2 4 .5 M 71 . 1 3 5 ,4 3 9 36, 544 Q u i n c y .
24,8 5 8 27,6 0 2 4 0 .9 1 6 ,1 9 9 14,2 8 8 2 1 .2 325 605 .9 34,441 33,008 R a c i n e .
1C, 298 19,813 1 7 .8 0, 553 9, 563 8 .0 933 1,088 1 .8 54, 555 56,616 R e a d i n g .
9,9 8 1 10,2 8 9 5 .0 4 ,0 3 7 4 ,0 1 6 2 .2 54,093 53,05* 29. C 8 5 ,7 1 5 97, 214 R i c h m o n d .
1 ,6 3 0 1,8 5 0 2 .7 869 831 1 .2 9,3 4 3 12,372 1 7 ,9 33, 271 35, 935
110,792 123,163 3 7 .5 7 1 ,3 2 1 74, 096 2 2 .8 1,661 2,838 . 9 1 6 0 ,2 0 1 167,871
23,041 29,8 6 2 3 4 ,8 1 7 ,3 4 3 18,1 6 4 2 1 .2 526 1,280 1 .5 , 4 3 ,4 2 9 42,4 3 5 R o c k f o r d .
18,6 3 8 24,214 2 5 .8 1 0 ,8 7 3 1 2 ,6 1 2 1 3 .5 3,701 9,4 8 8 1 0 .1 4 9 ,7 9 0 43, 000 S a c r a m e n t o .
24,119 27,803 3 4 .4 11, 605 11, 099 1 3 .8 374 4,9 7 2 6 .2 40, 894 39,821 S a g i n a w .
13,7 5 8 11,8 5 0 1 4 ,6 0 ,4 2 3 3,8 8 0 4 .8 4 ,2 2 7 4,511 5. G 39, 681 41,254 S t . J o s e p h .
230, 894 207,901 2 5 ,3 103, 239 8 0 ,3 8 6 0 .8 70,282 95,081 1 1 .6 401, 706 420,254 S t . L o u i s ,
102,198 110,885 4 0 .8 51, 595 4 4 ,1 4 3 1 0 .3 3, 527 4,961 1 .8 131, 570 140,036 S t . P a u l .
41,1 1 3 41,8 8 4 2 9 .9 1 9 ,4 3 4 17,2 3 5 1 2 .3 1,329 2,197 1. 0 69, 033 71,234 S a l t L a k o C i t y .
33,854 23,0 9 6 10. 0 36, 04C 8 ,0 3 9 3 .5 14, 580 100,805 43. 5 1 1 3 ,6 7 0 117,860 S a n A n t o n i o .
17,680 30,7 2 5 2 0 .8 13, 241 10, 306 H . i 2,1 2 7 13,971 9 .4 7 4 ,2 9 0 73,705 S a n D i e g o .
182,043 200,2 8 5 3 2 .5 1 4 0 ,2 0 0 153,3 8 6 2 4 .2 16, 654 30,425 6 .2 3 3 8 ,033 298,381 S a n F r a n c is c o ,
12,952 18,037 3 2 .3 7 ,8 2 0 9,0 3 1 1 0 .7 859 1,886 3 .3 2 3 ,2 7 7 29,374 S a n J o s e .
6,3 6 3 5 ,7 7 2 6 .8 3, 247 2,4 5 1 2. 9 39,222 38,955 4 5 .8 3 9 ,5 4 0 45,4 8 4 S a v a n n a h .
31,858 33,9 8 0 3 5 .5 2 0 ,4 9 0 20,161 2 1 ,1 478 700 .7 4 8 ,8 6 9 4(1,823 S c h e n e c t a d y .
59,931 01,8 8 8 4 3 .1 28, 568 25,430 1 7 .7 509 763 . 5 70,0 0 1 73,372 S c r a n t o n .
89,004 103, 251 2 8 .2 7 3 ,8 7 5 72, 975 2 0 .0 12,732 15,035 4 .1 1 8 0 ,0 8 3 179, BOO S e a t t l o .
2,3 2 5 3,851 5 .0 1, 290 1,541 2 .0 17, 506 27,362 3 5 .7 36,483 40,172 S h r e v e p o r t .
20,026 21,4 8 8 2 7 .1 11,2 1 0 8,5 0 1 1 0 .7 1,234 1 ,44G 1 .8 3 9 ,2 9 5 3 0 8 8 S i o u x C i t y .
30,254 42,689 4 1 .1 2 4 ,1 8 2 29, 545 2 8 .4 366 322 ,3 5 0 ,0 6 5 63,843 S o m e r v i ll e .
22,3 9 0 29,051 2 7 .0 1 3 ,3 9 1 1 4 ,0 2 0 1 3 .5 1,287 3,504 3 .4 52, 555 51,638 S o u t h B e n d .
29,230 30,7 0 3 2 6 .6 1 6 ,8 2 0 1 0 ,1 9 0 1 4 .0 1, 057 1,187 1 .0 5 7 ,8 1 6 57,698 S p o k a n e .
14,893 15,9 7 8 2 2 .2 6, 255 6, 245 8 ,7 2, 780 3,347 4 .7 3 4 ,5 4 4 37,320 S p r in g f i e l d .
46,6 0 4 55,967 3 7 .3 3 1 ,2 5 0 3 2 ,0 4 2 2 1 .8 2,8 1 5 3,235 2 .2 72,688 77,2 1 2 S p r in g f i e l d .
3,137 3 ,3 8 0 5 .9 973 838 1 .5 1, 660 1,787 3 .1 2 7 ,5 0 2 30,025 S p r ln g f l o ld .
8,0 0 5 7,3 5 3 1 0 .7 2 ,7 5 7 2 ,1 3 5 3 .1 7,041 8,282 12.1] 3 3 ,8 8 7 34,856 S p r in g f i e l d .
67,979 70,2 4 4 33. fl 3 2 ,3 2 1 35, 010 1 6 .7 1,3 4 5 2,152 i .t : 1 0 3 ,68C 105,046 S y r a c u s e .
29,336 32, 540 30. ft 20, 503 19, 700 1 8 ,6 2,409 2,258 2 .1 54,154 52,663 T a c o m a .
11,837 22, 290 22. 0 10. 606 14,430 1 4 .3 11, 563 21,339 2 1 .1 4 9 ,7 4 7 51,414 T a m p a .
9,7 7 9 8 ,3 2 0 1 3 .2 3 ,6 6 7 2, 665 4 .2 3, 001 3,488 5 .6 30, 326 32,484 T e r r e H a u t e .
75,1 8 5 78,0 8 5 2 0 .9 3 8 .1 4 5 33,4 7 4 1 1 .5 5,7 7 9 13,977 4 .R 147, 691 143,027 T o l e d o .
8 ,1 0 2 8 ,5 4 8 1 3 .3 4 ,0 0 0 2, 205 3 .6 4,3 2 0 7,518 1 1 .7 30,461 33,6 5 9 T o p e k a .
40,6 3 4 4 0 ,0 8 2 3 7 .4 3 0 ,0 7 3 2 6 ,7 5 7 2 1 .7 4,3 8 7 8 , 12C 0 .6 0 1 ,9 3 8 61,418 T r e n t o n .
20,827 24,4 5 4 3 3 .0 1 1 ,4 7 7 10,2 0 3 14. C 612 078 .si 34,418 38,345 T r o y .
5,210 9 ,2 7 5 6. ft 2 ,0 2 5 2 ,0 9 0 1 ,9 9,174 17,362 1 2 .3 7 0 ,1 1 4 7 1 ,1 4 4 T u l s a .
8,9 5 2 24,0 5 9 4 2 .5 5 ,8 6 2 18,5 3 5 3 1 .6 30 07 . 1 2 9 ,1 1 6 29,5 4 3 U n i o n C ity .*
30, 756 41, 642 4 0 .9 2 3 ,2 5 7 21,309 20. y 392 49C .5 49,189 52,551 U t i c a .
3,0 9 8 3 ,1 7 8 6 .0 1 ,7 0 7 1,1 8 4 2 .2 7 ,7 3 8 11,077 2 i. r 25, 516 27,3 3 2 W a c o .
68,824 61,555 1 2 .0 2 8 ,5 4 8 29,9 3 2 6 .1 110,711 132,955 2 7 .3 2 3 1 ,8 8 3 254,986 W a s h . , D . C.Q
38,695 44,3 1 4 4 4 .4 2 9 ,8 9 4 27,811 2 7 .8 1,0 0 4 1,711 1 ,7 50, 200 49,6 0 3 W a t e r b u r y .
14,720 15,441 26. i; 5 , 7 9 £ 5,071 8 .2 3 , 03S 2,201 3. £ 2 9 ,8 5 2 31,807 W h e e l i n g .
7 ,5 6 0 1 0 ,4 0 0 0 .4 3 ,0 2 1 2 , 203 2. (i 3,594 0, 788 6 .1 54,174 56,9 3 6 W i c h i t a .
30,000 3 0 ,4 8 6 4 2 ,1 1 4 ,5 6 7 14,0 8 8 1 7 .0 557 914 1 .1 42,6 2 4 4 4 ,0 0 2 W i l k e s - B a r r e ,
26,235 2 5 ,0 2 9 2 3 .5 16.2 7 9 1 2 ,5 9 2 1 1 .8 10,786 12,138 1 1 .4 53,2 9 7 53,3 0 0 W i l m i n g t o n .
442 778 1.0 29C 428 . e 20,740 3 2 .56£ 4 3 . a 3 5 ,7 9 2 39,4 8 2 W i n s t o n - S a l e m .
74,257 8 4 ,0 7 2 4 3 ,0 53,418 51,047 26,1 1,363 1 , 4 9 2 .fc 95,488 99,8 2 3 W o r c e s t e r .
42,419 55,381 4 1 .1 2 5 ,70C 34, 065 25.3 1,9 9 8 3,412 2 .5 0 8 ,8 2 7 07,8 1 9 Y o n k e r s ,
3,3 4 3 3 ,4 7 0 6 .3 1,192 1 ,2 4 5 2 .2 1,424 2 .27( 4 .1 26,82* 28,431 Y o r k .
45,302 59, 565 3 5 .0 3 3 ,8 3 4 3 2 ,9 3 8 1 9 .4 6,7 6 3 14,894 8 .8 8 0 ,7 3 0 83,2 6 3 Y o u n g s t o w n .
!Union and West Hoboken towns consolidated as Union City In 1926, combined population 1900,
38,281; 1910, 60,420; 1920, 00,726.
* Population shown is tor District of Columbia, with which the city is now coextensive.

28 AREA AND POPULATION
N o. 2 5 .— P o p u l a t i o n , F o b e ig n - B o h n W h i t e ,
NORTHWESTERN EUROPE
DIVISION AND STATE
Total
foreignborn
white
United Kingdom
Belgium
lingland
Scotland
Northern
Wales Ireland
Irish
Free
State
Norway
Sweden
Denmark
Netherlands
Continental U« S__ 13,368,407 80S, 672354, 323 00,205 178,832 744, 810 347, 853 596,250 170,474 133,133 64,194
Hew England____ 1,834,310 135, 490 54,228 2,834 S3,607 IBS, 113 8,860 66,023 7,026 2,814 3,884
Maine............... 100,308 4,403 1,906 137 827 3,288 534 1,882 840 41 51
New Hampshire- 82,660 3,922 1,728 72 1,010 4,807 390 1,608 166 16? 523
Vermont............ 43,061 1,920 1,454 462 377 1,429 127 1,089 140 34 22
Massachusetts.-. 1,004,030 78,418 32,724 1,358 20,378 138,360 5,454 36,810 3,070 1,890 1,950
Rhode Island__ 170,714 24,696 0,401 224 3,845 13,895 543 6,181 280 138 907
Connoctieut____ 382,871 22,002 10,013 581 7,000 31,328 1,800 18,463 3,129 548 425
Middle Atlantic..__ 6,269,048276, 138 137,861 20,336 02,550 361,602 55,697 91,046 26,878 SO, 960 12, 692
New York.......— 3,101,040146.485 07,623 7,037 41,521 251,704 44,882 01,233 17,407 14,909 6,144
New Jersey...... 844,442 S1.C2E 34,721 1,532 15, 75C 47,486 7,87C 13,300 6, 665 14,762 2, 874
Pennsylvania__ 1,233,051 78,019 35,517 17,767 36,288 62,312 2,045 16,4 52 2,006 1,289 3,074
East North Central— 8,283,924 170,013 84,579 14, 585 23,322 08,881 74,228 165,786 42,397 57,443 33, 053
Ohio.................. 644,151 40, 665 17.862 0,897 5,028 17,87! 1,650 7,390 2,184 2,235 1, 846
Indiana.............. 135,134 7,405 3,808 934 LQ45 3,931 730 4,666 964 1,992 3,254
Illinois............... 1,218,158 50,085 24,83£ 3,277 10,054 57.208 30,250 111,010 18,945 14,828 11, 664
Michigan........... 840,208 62,721 36,257 2,230 0,136 11,39C 7,201 23,905 7,210 32,128 13, 931
Wisconsin_____ 380,213 8,477 2,723 1,241 1,057 3,473 34,301 18,808 13,094 g; 260 2,458
West North Central. 1,059,277 38,641 13,035 3,882 0,750 28.083 131,904 147,988 50,103 20, 532 5, 590
Minnesota--—... 388,294 SU45 3,241 682 1,403 5,095 .71,562 00,623 13,831 4,832 l’ 701
Iowa................... 105,735 0,016 2,871 1,183 1,77? 4,17C 12,932 16,810 14,698 10,135 932
Missouri______ 149,390 7, Bit 2,41! 673 1,308 8, SOI 675 3,806 1,497 706 859
North Dakota__ 105,148 1,592 891 111 320 803 31,337 8,470 2,936 658 238
South Dakota__ 65,648 2,15! 012 265 351] 862 13,001 0,540 5,298 3,008 239
Nebraska......... 115,340 4,213 1,223 383 801 2,502 1, 691 14,335 10,210 020 523
Kansas............... 00,710 5,208 1,778 785 780 1,021 746 7,315 1,723 513 1,098
South Atlantic......... 804,278 25,073 8,859 1,797 3,637 12,163 2,691 4,940 2,339 1,824 1,397
Delaware.......... 16,8 85 1,302 502 45 ooc 1,364 141 294 99 56 29
Maryland........... 95,093 5,007 1,020 477 813 4,032 703 764 464 343 152
Dist.of Columbia. 20, 932 2,835 884 116 493 3,020 228 435 229 151 92
Virginia............. 23,820 M88 1,239 332 375 780 318 467 330 264 101
West Virginia..— 51,520 11282 1,267 607 222 659 57 303 75 42 non
North Carolina.. 8,788 1,208 477, 35 03 253 95 100 65 20lj 19
South Carolina_ k m 479 179 13 90 185 65 106 39 241 52
Georgia.............. 33,917 1,328 534 83 147 546 125 266 108 67 45
Florida............... 59,057 7,084 1,707 280 534 1,309 859 2,145 921 476 217
East South Central— 57,085 6,060 1,041 377 507 2,768 447 1,246 478 296 184
Kentucky........... 21,840 1,478 624 114 101 1,650 46 170 72 59
TdnZtARMft. 13, ooa 1,351 433 104 100 491 68 232 123 5fY 28
Alabama............ 15,710 1,760 860 141 102 413 205 038 182 60
Mississippi____ 7,049 470 124 18 54 198 68 206 99 32 37
West South Central. 170,232 11,193 6,241 612 1,212 4,021 2,292 5,534 2,316 1,044 1 009
Arkansas............ 10,173 800 229 51 10C 354 72 249 '138 80, ' 78
Louisiana........... 34,910 1,512 435 66 234 970 487 433 315 2.2n 307
Oklahoma.......... 20,753 2,099 80S 235 262 000 243 835 516 166 217
Texas......... ....... 08,396 6,782 1,711 260 616 2,007 1,490 4,017 1,360 578 407
Mountain............ 287, 914 33,070 10,934 3,385 3,173 10,262 16,360 26,839 13,246
Montana...........
5,038 1,343
72,961 0,020 2, 721) 580 1,095 3,95C 8,001 5,655 2) 541
30, *154
ll 253 ‘509
3,252 1,025 m 284| 619 2,148 4,200 1,667 341 HR
Wyoming.......... ID, 658 2,105 M24 222 179 584 647 1,783 ' 775 mi iaft
Colorado............. 85,408
New Mexico___ 7,797 6,891
048 2,877 1,061 900 3,184
354 99 91 218 1,261 119 8,328 263 2,374 810 300
Arizona 16,691 101 64 34
2,309 579 139 235 653
Utah.
295 778
43,772
364 100
10,851
50
1,669 862 234 584 1,698 4,389 4,883 2,325
12,276
79
904 285 67 155 463 191 443 '541 ' 44 24
Paoiflo___ ___ 1, 169, 766 113,400 39,047 8, 397 14,086 42,237 50,483 66,350
Washington____
33,901 IS, 383
244,256
5,042
20,304 8,024 1,694 2,154 4,942 31,429 34,084 7.175 3l 484 l! 242
Oregon..—........ - 105,476 8,077 3,820 592 1,03 9 2.802 7,450 11,032 3,651 1,002 'asi
California—___ _ 810,034 85,019 27,803 4,111 10,892 34,493 17,604 41,734 23,176 8,897 3,119

P O P U L A T IO N — F O R E IG N -B O R N W H IT E 29
b y C o u n t r y o f B i r t h , b y S t a t e s : 1930
NORTHWESTERN
EUROPE—con. CENTRAL EUROPE EASTERN EUROPE
Luxemburg
Switzerlan
d France Germany
Polaud Czechoslovak
ia
Aust
r ia
Hungary
Yugosla
v ia
Russia
Lithua
n ia
Latv
ia
D IV IS IO N
AND
STATE
8,04.8 113,010 135,232 1,608, 814 1, 208, 683 491, 838 370.914 274,450 211,416 1,153, 624 193, 606 20,673 TJ. S.
« 3,641 11,723 50,005 136,774 18,024 11,946 11,107 1,334 103,310 41,753 2,006 sr. e .
5j 5 1 314 818 1,706 241 23C 3C 16 1,830 1,121 9 2 Me.
2 82 299 1,517 4,101 132 174 47 36 1,427 1 ,084 4 6 N. H .
1 158 182 577 1, 562 191 132 15C 71 660 160 21 V t.
31 1,272 6,020 20,638 71,442 2,066 4,260 005 305 07,084 25, 219 2,315
11 204 2,013 3,09C 8.69C 274 838 138 24 5,890 922 93 R. I,
26 1,774 2,889 23,465 49,207 12, 220 6,306 0,836 882 26,769 13, 247 339 C o n n .
867 SO, 986 52,449 672, 671 616.628 199, 706 216,000 138,753 54,602 650,250 69, 882 9,052 M. A.
632 16,671 32,145 349,196 350,383 56,176 142, 298 70, G31 10,017 481, 300 22, 933 5,971 N. Y.
117 8,765 10, 520 112,753 102,573 32, 351 24,01C 32,332 3,643 62,152 9,870 1,194 N. J.
218 5,649 9,784 110,622 166, 072 1 1 1 , 171 49,692 33,790 40,102 1 1 5 ,7 9 2 37,079 1,887 Pa.
3,970 27,068 24,101 624,437 416,669 190,709 82,000 100,778 102,437 175,108 67,872 4,451 E, H\ C.
103 7,624 5, 746 95,697 04,493 08, 738 20,547 47,020 38,884 32,027 7, 5R1 721
56 1,624 2,160 28,152 17,482 8,326 2,70C 7,674 6,646 4,749 2,109 110 I n d .
2,786 7,315 10,156 190,605 173,007 7B, 420 33,33C 20,395 28,173 87, 028 44, 733 2, G09 111.
375 2,834 4,581 81,714 119,228 17,646 13,299 19,188 10,408 34,348 9, 340 G74 M ic h .
596 7,669 1,459 128,269 42,359 19,580 12,709 6,490 12,200 10,418 4,109 331 W is.
2,874 11,660 7,329 228,951 34,418 40,005 22,924 7, 295 17,049 83, 728 3,837 684 W, N. C.
1,032 2,041 1,246 59,993 15, 015 11,415 7,288 1,681 8,888 11,902 1,283 255 M in n .
873 2,096 1,435 53,901 1,875 8, 280 1,596 295 1,300 4,482 835 06
54 3,678 2,353 42,276 8,324 4,496 7,928 3,484 2,753 15,680 805 167 Mo.
2 0 2 369 237 10,114 2 ,1 2 8 1,800 1,4 0 7 8 9 8 330 22,0 1 7 121 3 3 N.D ak.
380 618 229 12,739 717 2,589 678 231 223 9,023 46 7 S.Dak.
204 1,364 558 32,544 4,445 14, 313 1,803 372 762 11,234 589 145
129 1,594 1,271 17,384 1,915 3,044 2,104 334 2,781 8,781 158 11 leans.
86 2,248 3,950 38.226 28,239 8,309 7,578 6,737 3,065 36,870 5,681 1, 384 S. A.
75 147 1,459 2, 954 159 435 157 7 1,400 90 29 Del.
19 407 773 18,925 12,027 3, 344 2,634 1, 210 275 18,782 3,422 024 Md.
8 300 707 3,411 1, 5G2 193 493 228 55 4. Old 256 142 D. C.
3 191 365 2,605 1,221 927 492 560 67 2,989 400 261 Va.
11 398 546 3,129 5, 545 2,831 2,254 3,083 2,440 2,209 1, 009 71 W.Va,
4 87 156 003 319 56 146 70 9 758 121 31 N.C.
1 26 76 747 510 52 74 32 13 556 60 49 s. c.
114 278 1,682 1,156 115 225 136 39 2,200 155 115 Ga.
39 600 902 5,464 945 638 825 852 160 2,012 168 02 Fla.
19 1,681 1,402 12,188 2,711 878 1, 239 1,093 560 5,029 424 182 E. S. C.
4 916 583 7,552 890 194 484 557 201 1,620 180 40 Ky.
3 443 217 1,783 900 181 223 208 25 1,803 106 66 T e n n .
7 150 466 2,114 556 483 380 284 135 1,067 88 49
5 83 196 739 296 70 146 44 189 524 44 27 M is s .
93 2,681 5,698 38,411 6,800 14,885 4,690 1, 241 1,141 10,850 680 247 w, s. c.
7 618 254 2,980 304 404 293 07 1 1 8 4 0 1 5 2 1 0 A r k .
10 260 2,935 3,610 655 332 467 301 397 1, 375 31 23 La.
31 493 717 5,893 1,162 1,867 530 191 162 3,613 189 74 Okla.
45 1,410 1,792 25,913 4,589 12, 282 3, 300 622 464 5,467 308 140 Tex.
238 6,693 4,071 28,731 5,125 5,018 6,002 1, 572 12, 133 20,800 614 135 M t.
108 901 053 6,155 1,144 1,714 1, 435 360 3,877 4,212 175 19 Mont.
41 1,038 381 3,427 227 541 399 106 489 1,153 18 4 Idaho.
7 250 359 1,714 604 521 457 175 1,322 1, 375 35 6 Wyo.
51 1,202 1,072 9,988 2,488 1,714 2,468 690 3,650 12,970 262 61 Colo.
5 117 259 930 97 143 316 59 490 219 24 4 N.Mex.
12 279 SOS 1,4 3 3 253 178 341 94 m 483, 58 18 A m .
9 1,419 261 4,104 230 119 41Q 72 989 342 36 15 Utah.
8 387 783 974 82 88 176 16 532 122 6 8 Nev.
822 27,076 24,449 115,295 20,318 10,106 18, 035 7,870 19,045 69,554 2,963 1,682 P ao.
263 3,578 1,986 20,642 3,942 2,202 3,128 579 4,701 9,229 868 276 Wash.
122 4,034 1,144 12,913 2,080 1,691 1,664 404 JL 641 6,278 319 167 Oreg.
,437 20,063 21,319 81,840 14,290 6,212 13,243 6,806 12, 743 44,047 1,776 1,189 Calif.

30 A R E A A N D P O P U L A T IO N
N o . 2 5 .— P o p u l a t io n , F o r e ig n -B o rn W h i t e ,
EASTERN EUROPE—continued
SOUTHERN EUROrE
ASIA
DIVISION AND STATE
Estonia
Finland
Rumania
Bulgaria
Turkey
in
Europe
Other
.Europe
Greece Italy i
Spain Portugal
Armenia
Palos*
tine
and
Syria
Continental IT. S - . 3,650 140,478 146,393 9,399 2,957 174, 626 1,790,424 58,302 69,974 25,065 32,166 63,362
iQTew England____ 189 18,503 3,434 238 311 26,423 253,098 2,393 35,674 4,643 10,687 11, 504
Maine__________ 4 1,406 27 5 16 748 2,359 4C 78 261 134 486
New Hampshire__ 3 1,380 35 15 7 3,233 1,938 2(J 247 204 151 413i
5 555 15 4 225 3,082 478 46 £ 14 274
Massachusetts....... 89 13,077 1,689 lift 217 16,780 126,103 798 24,840 3,116 7,705 7,403
Rhode Island____ 1C 448 480 48 38 1,100 32,493 110 8,118 282 1,909 1,249
Connecticut--.___ 71 1,081 1,178 50 33 3,337 87,123 017 2,346 771 774 1,679
Middle Atlantic..—. . . 1,949 SO, 200 72,888 1,844 1,043 51, OSS1,046, 16926,617 10,052 8,604 8,412 21,464
Now York.............. i, (ion 17,444 51,014 978 840 33,387 629,322 17.605 5,106 4,595 4,874 13.024
Now Jersey______ 234 2,721 6,686 124 77 6,020 190,858 4,982 3.055 1,040 1,947 2,939
Pennsylvania........ 210 2,125 15,126 442 117 11,648 225,979 2,840 1,291 2,969 1,591 5,521
East JTorth Central-.. 401 42,046 48,871 4,914 424 49, X01 244,504 4,568 546 7,500 5,927 12,598
Ohio..................... . 31 6,633 19,580 1,086 06 12,050 71.406 1,566 185 1,562 468 4,496
Indiana_________ 1C 265 3,292 403 11 4,087 0,873 597 88 362 127 783
Illinois____ ______ T27 4,302 13,172 1,037 99 20,003 110,449 i.osa 102 1,446 1,636 1,661
Michigan________ 123 27,022 11,482 1,594 201 10,061 43,087 1,324 131 3, 757 3,322 5,219
Wisconsin_____ UU 6,724 1,345 194 17 2,900 12,509 66 40 370 375 549
West North Central.- 58 28.328 9,012 BM 34 8,018 81,653 859 32 1,032 267 3,294
M innesota.........— 3C 24,300 2,819 238 7 1,765 6,401 42 5 138 fll 705
Iowa___________ 4 70 284 159 2 1,910 3,834 22 i m 63 680
Missouri................ 0 100 2,321 351 19 2, 405 18,204 46t 14 547 8C 889
7 873 2,518 39 303 105 $ 1 27 22 239
South D akota.—.- 3 825 410 46 3 279 305 7 1 25 a 233
Nebraska............... 3 48 336 BO 3 S22 8,642 18 4 14C 24 395
2 52 824 29 534 2,105 10$ ( 8( 4 253
South Atlantic—____ no 1,101 2,743 218 106 11,449 39,612 6,277 393 792 823 4,818
Delaware________ 11 50 91 2 4 339 3.762 121 7 83 a 7
M aryland_______ 39 376 811 16 6 1,617 10,872 281 33 185 30 133
Dist. of Columbia. 2 60 160 16 25 1,347 4,330 14£ 23 85 68 306
Virginia_________ 9 68 172 0 23 1,288 1,853 111 67 104 183 569
West Virginia____ 0 144 607 121 12 2,479 12,088 1,372 49 172 1€ 1,317
North Carolina___ 4 0 83 7 « 1,006 43i 21 S 37 2 701
South Carolina___ 2 38 21 1 fl 627 lSfi 1C 3 30 413
Georgia............... 8 104 343 £ 12 1,107 712 7£ 90 4fl 23 411
F lo rid a___ —_____ 40 333 646 38 12 1,552 5,262 4,125 122 70 48 962
E ast South C entral___ 12 154 464 4,1 22 2,304 7,288 213 39 259 32 I, SOI
27 202 20 14 466 1.581] 07 26 75 8 447
24 98 3 3 628 1 946 17 3 93 13 133
A la b am a____ — 11 51 133 16 a 003 2,140 68 7 55 8 508
1 52 31 34S 1,01£ 31 s ae a 713
W est South Central... 53 297 847 29,(1 37 3,331 22,186 1,437 104 607 53 3.821
Arkansas................ i 1C at . 34 s 312 952 7 1 31 4 227
Louisiana............. Si 82 127 2f 12 674 13,526 66£ 52 135 15, 954
25 140 109 642 1,157 5C 12 71 10 838
Tex os___________ 28 ISO 044 49 23 1,803 6,550 714 30 370 24 1, 802
M o u n ta in ..——. . ___ 84 5,765 1,436 640 20 6, 716 23,774 3,480 224 256 193 1,207
M ontana.............. SH 2,700 041 107 1 84$ 2,840 67 H 67 43 100
Idaho.................. £ 858 110 29 1 414 1,158 1,086 18 12 14 45
W yom ing............ 1C 633 55 m 2 888 1,653 119 23 18 24 49
Colorado........... 13 563 460 271 9 1,230 10,670 210 16 77 85 281
C 41 20 11 292 1.25G 152 4 14 2 193
Arizona................... 12 300 75 38 2 356 822 473 21 24 14 299
U tah....................... 3 507 64 37 a 2,107 2,814 274 8 36 37 151
2 163 20 0 400 2,563 1,099 121 8 24 23
Pacific____________ 692 25,004 e , m 890 280 17,181 122.251 13,793 22,910 1,402 6,272 2,835
Washington_____ 149 11,002 787 247 76 2,881 lS 274 280 114 219 113 294
Oregon.................... 107 5,607 843 174 17 1, 575 4,728 497 101 61 47 198
California............. m 3,406 5,341 m 1B7 12,675 107,249 13,016 22,896 1,122 8,112 2,343

P O P U L A T IO N — F O R E IG N -B O R N W H IT E 31
B y C o u n t r y oit B i r t h , b y S t a t e s : 1930— C ontinued
ASIA--eon. AMERICA OTHER COUNTRIES
Turkey
In
Asia
Other
Asia 2
French
Canada
Other
Iceland
Mexico
Cuba
I f f
Newfoundland
Contra]
and
South
America
Australia
Azores
5
o
DIVISION
AND
STATE
46, 651 15,401 370,852 907, 5»9 23,971 23,743 15,944 15,482 37,509 12,720 35,427 2,764 22, 726 tr. s.
8,348 1,294 264,261 262,760 12, 533 146 350 1,037 2,460 597 22, 272 73 3, 235 IT. E.
131 35 36,947 36,706 204 4 11 45 31 2C 2 100
250 22 37,082 13,27? 228 4 m n 84 20] 3 4 71 N . H.
17 10 17,320 0,862 101 0 8 8 30 14 3 I 31 Vt.
6,124 400 115,241 172,810 10,086 85 198 602 1, 300 369 18, 562 61 2, 422
1,084 92 31, 601 7,777 256 12 14 128 352 50 3, 501 2 296 R . I.
733 669 25, 570 12,238 758 31 103 235 023 118 107 7 315 Conn.
81,183 4,409 33, 336 147,411 8,046 3,551 7,099 9, 884 20,149 2,626 168 166 6, 484 M . A.
16, 673 3,163 28,955 118,919 6,374 2,744 6,058 8,372 10, 032 1, 659 138 114 4,661 N. Y.
2,353 579 2,470 14,051 932 288 552 1, 023 2,415 428 50 48 1,034 N, J.
2,157 667 1,911 14,441 740 510 489 489 1, 702 539 10 4 889 Pa,
8,593 . 4,362 42,308 252,217 1.725 2, 005 689 571 8, 310 1, 684 22 227 8, 671 e . i t . a
1,826 614 2,606 24,241 217 309 180 110 683 307 2 6 600
297 288 082 5,519 ■ 69 218 30 22 148 08 3 3 178 Ind.
2,048 2,411 6,180 37,400 386 1,430 287 207 1,483 70S 7 123 1 ,290 Ill,
3,504 036 28,539 173,777 975 700 151 190 774 445 8 32 97 G Mich.
858 113 4,202 11,280 78 188 32 27 222 125 2 03 467 Wis.
507 600 10,631 52,323 185 1,084 124 157 711 470 5 1,046 1,323 W .N .O .
83 159 6,484 20,018 48 • 115 13 14 114 86 2 268 368
67 70 008 5,725 42 170 10 31 83 81 1 9 2 2 0 Iowa.
240 90 588 4,824 38 359 60 78 247 146 10 2 7 5 Mo.
33 28 1,354 10,887 11 32 4 2 46 25 724 102 N.Dak.
28 24 402 2,850 8 14 1 7 16 1 8 1 5 92 B . m k .
28 62 430 3,042 34 2 1 2 6 0 08 4 7 I 1 9 123 Nebr.
23 55 669 3,408 4 156 24 10 137 67 1 2 144 ICans.
1,647 674 2,055 15,384 301 377 6,072 2,439 1,304 400 24 33 866 S. A .
21 8 61 390 8 14 1 7 26 84 8 1 47 Del.
180 68 291 1,975 01 40 105 121 279 86 3 13 196 Md.
108 64 223 1,458 33 01 80 49 231 43 2 6 88 D. C.
230 00 157 1,460 27 24 48 43 114 53 7 81 Va.
369 79 118 839 15 101 27 8 06 40 1 54 W.Va.
108 61 80 850 20 11 24 14 30 22 1 1 57 N . O.
03 34 31 247 7 6 15 15 12 4 1 25 S. C.
185 37 109 985 20 21 60 32 70 30 4 60 Ga.
163 133 085 7,171 104 09 6,287 2,131 888 114 12 6 258 Ela.
157 105 347 2,763 46 138 100 180 262 87 4 165 E. S. C.
48 33 90 822 21 24 22 12 30 29 60 Ky.
30 20 02 847 12 27 21 16 66 27 1 36 Tonn.
62 26 117 785 11 43 46 130 92 19 3 46 Ala.
17 20 42 309 2 44 11 22 78 12 24
448 207 094 7,326 126 4,455 382 327 1,443 278 11 13 673 w. s. c.
18 7 77 618 39 37 5 7 29 19 42 A r k .
117 48 222 750 18 6 5 7 2 2 9 130 1 ,0 2 3 4 5 1 125 Da.
45 51 243 1,876 15 169 15 21 71 46 3 1 92 Okia.
• 268 161 452 4,073 53 3,692 133 109 320 166 8 11 314 T gx.
293 267 3,678 23,302 134 2,284 70 104 513 616 168 137 839 M t.
79 47 1,966 8,787 33 88 3 19 65 71 5 1C 109 Mont,
11 17 571 3,031 41 68 3 4 30 53 27 12 107 Idaho.
13 22 118 1,018 3 67 2 13 19 13 1 1 42 Wvo,
78 73 572 5,244 27 336 28 33 213 114 1 1 161 Colo.
8 17 62 551 6 390 7 3 50 10 1 29 N.Mex,
20 53 158 1,860 16 1,086 19 21 58 85 2 4 07 Ariz.
34 22 97 1, 093 5 177 3 4 38 215 07 274 Utah.
40 16 134 818 4 72 5 7 40 46 116 6 60 N o t .
6,670 3, 623 13,342 154,083 876 8,824 458 783 7,357 5,964 12,742 1,066 5,869 Pao.
646 408 4,340 43,724 250 115 20 57 350 583 15 741 686 Wash.
164 149 1,345 10,571 67 61 11 32 161 273 27 49 321 OrOK.
4,770 8,060 7,057 93, 788 550 8,648 427 604 6,850 5 ,1 0 8 12,700 276 4,333 Calif.
3 Except possessions of the United States.
* Comprises Africa, Pacific Islands, Cape Verde Islands, and other Atlantic islands, "C ountry not
specified,” and "At sea.”

32 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 26.-—P opulation, Foreign-B orn, by C o u n try op B irth , C o n tin e n ta l
United States: 1880 to 1030
COUNTRY OP BIRTH
1880 I860 I960 1910 1920 1930
TERCENT OF
INCREASE I
1910-
1920 1930-
1930
Total foreign born,
Europe...............
Northwestern Europe____
England........._...............
Scotland...........................
Wales.............................. .
Northern Ireland______
Irish Free State............ .
Norway............................
Sweden................... ........ .
Denmark and Iceland
Netherlands........... ........
Belgium *.......................
Luxemburg.....................
Switzerland.....................
France1...........................
Germany1............ ........
Poland ...................
Czechoslovakia 4...........
Austria3........................
Hungary3. . . . ..............
Yugoslaviai........... ......
Serbia3..........................
Montenegro5________
Russia and Lithuania..
Latvia and Estonia__
Finland.........................
Rumania1.....................
Bulgaria3..................
Turkey in E uropes.. .
Southern Europe_______
Greece3.........................
Albania____________
Italy J............................
Spain..........................
Portugal.........- .........
Other Europe_________
Asia____________
Armenia, Palestine, Syria, and
Turkey in Asia........... - M c> 59, 729 102,751 142,184 72.0 38.4
C hina......................... . 104,465 106,70] 81, «34 56, 7fif 43,50C 46,12i -2 3 .' 5.9
Japan.............................
403 2,292 24,781 07, 74' 81,502 70,901 20.1 -12.9
India...............................
1, 703 2,141 2,033 4, 064 4,90] 6,851 5.1 19.4
Other Asia......................
1,05' 2,260 11,80S 2,501 5,236 10, 50£ 102.1 100.7
America.
807,330 1,068,245 1,817,880 1,439,231 1,727,01 2,102,20£ 16. fl 21.7
Canada and Newfoundland ®.
Canada-
French *..............................
Other 8................................
Newfoundland 1...................
West Indies..............................
Mexico.....................................
Central and South America...
8,670,048 3,249,680 0,341,276 3, 515, 8S6 3,020, 692 14,204,149 8,0 2.0
8,744,811 3,020, 608 8,871,780 1,791, 841 11,882,063 11,748,309 .8 —1.1
8,484,484 1,880,752 4,202, 683 4,239,067 3,880,064 3,728,050 —9.0 -2 .7
664.160 909,002 840,513 877,719 813,853 809,563 -7.3 - .5
170,136 242,231 233,524 26LQ76 254,570 354,323 -2 .5 39.2
83,302 100,079 93, 58S 82,488 07,066 GO, 206 -18.7 -10.2
}l,864,571 1,871,609 1,615,459 1,352,251 1,037,234
1744,810 (178,832 j-23.3 -ll.Q
181,729 322,605 336,388 403,877 363,863 347,852 -9.9 -4 .4
1M, 337 478,041 582,014 666,207 625, 585 595,250 -6.0 -4 .9
84,106 132, 543 163,600 181,049 189,154 182,238 4.1 -3 .7
68,000 81. 828 04,931 120,003 131, 76G 133,133 9.7 1.0
15, 535 22,839 29,757 49,400 62,687 64,194 26.9 2.4
12,836 2,882 3,031 3, 071 12, 585 9, Q48 309.8 -28.1
88,621 104,069 115,593 124.848 118,659 113,010 -5.0 -4 .8
306,971 113.174 104,107 117,418 153. 072 135,592 30.4 -11.4
- 2,187,770 3,420, 620 4,138,848 6,024,041 6, 184, 845 5,807,790 1.8 —3.9
1,960,742 2,784,894 2,663,418 32,811,237 1,686,108 1,608,814 -27.0 -4 .6
48, 857 147,440 383,407 3937,884 1, 139, 979 1,268,583 21.5 11.3
362,438 491,638 35.6
124,024 241,377 432, 798 3845, 555 675, 627 370| 914 -31.9 -35.6
11, 526 62,435 14.5,714 495,909 397,283 274,450 -19.8 -SO. 9
160,430 211, 416 24. 8
4,639
5,374
i 35,722 182,644
1} 423. 720 >1,184,412 1, 535, 563
fl ,347,234
1 24,223
} 29.6 -10.7
1 \ 82,641 129,680 149,824 H2, 478 15.5 -4 .9
16,032 65,023 102. 823 146,393 56.0 42.4
11,498 10,477 0,399 -8 .9 -10.3
41,205 «1,830 80, 910 732. 230 5,284 2, 257 -S3.0 -57.3
88,285 208, 848 530, 200 1, 525,875 1,011,213 2, 106,205 25.3 10.2
776 1,887 8,515 101,232 175,976 174,526 73.7 - . 8
(7) 5,608 8,814 57.2
44, 230 182,580 484,027 1,343,125 1,610,11! 1,700,429 19.9 11.2
5,121 6,185 7, 05C 22.10? 40,535 59,362 124.1 19.8
8,138 15,996 30,008 59,360 69,981 ' 73,164 17.9 4.5
3,788 12, 678 2,251 8,858 6,001 18,265 108.5 176.5
. 107,880 113,386 120, 248 191,484 237, 950 275,865 24.8 IB. 8
- 717,167 QS0,938 1,179,922 1,209,717 1,138,174 1,310,36f -5.0 15.1
302,49« 395,12? 385,082 307,78C 370,85' —20.1 20. 5
678,442 784, 79C 819,554 817r 138 915', 53' —.2 12.0
5,08( 13,24f 23,08 160. H 81.0
. 16,401 23,25f 425,43f ®47,635 478\ 965 106', 24 65. S 34.5
. 68.391 77.851 103,391 221,91 486,41! 641,46 2 119. $ 31.9
5, 273 6,19? 8,G3f 0,964 23,46f 44,13 J 135. t 88.1
All other........................ . - 20,77S 27,31 81,88 43,331 73,67E 77,87 70. 5.7
»A minus sign { - ) denotes decrease.
3 Boundaries changed between 1910 and 1920. Statistics for 1910 relate to pre-war boundaries.
3Persons reported in 1910 as of Polish mother tongue born in Germany (190,096), Austria (329,418), and
Russia (418,370) have been deduefcod from the respective countries and combined as Poland for comparison
with number reported in 1920 as born in Poland. Though Poland before 19.19 was divided among
Russia, Germany, and Austria, the censuses of 1880 to 1900 listed it as a country of birth.
4 Created since 1010,
5 Included os part of Yugoslavia in 1920 and 1930.
8 Turkey in Asia included with Turkey in Europe prior to 1010.
* Albania included with Turkey in Europe in 1910 and earlier years,
s Newfoundland included with Canada prior to 1910.
9 Except possessions of tho United States.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau o! tho Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. II.

PO PULATION— FO R EIG N -BO R N BY COUNTRY OF B IR T H 33
No. 27,—P opulation, F oreign-Born W hite, by Country on? Bir th, Continental
United States: 1920 and 1930
COUNTRY OP BIRTH
Number
11)20 1930
Number
Percent
Percent
TotoL_.............. 13,712,754 100.0 13,386,407 100.0
Europe........... 11,877,991 86.6 11, 740,121 87,8
Northwestern Europe„.........
...... 3,828.870 27.0 3,724,085 27.9
England.............. 812,828 5,9 808,672 0.1
Scotland............. 254,507 1.9 364,323 2.7
Wales.................. 07,000 .5 00,205 .5
Northern Ireland f 178,832 1.3
Irish Free State.. \ 744,810 5.5
Norway.............. 303,802 2.7 347,862 2.0
Sweden_______ 025,580 4. H 595,260 4.5
Denmark............ 1189,154 11.4 179,474 1.3
Netherlands....... 131,708 1.0 133,133 1.0
Belgium............ 62,080 .5 64,194 .5
Luxemburg........ 12,585 .1 9,048 .1
Switzerland........ 118,659 .9 113,010 .8
Franco................ 152,890 1.1 135,232 1.0
Central Europe___ 4,330,860 81.6 4,225,816 31.8
Germany______ 1,086,102 12.3 1,008,814 12.0
Poland________ 1,139.978 8.3 1,268,583 9.5
Czechoslovakia.. 302,430 2.6 491,638 3.7
Austria________ 575,02,5 4.2 370,914 2.8
Hungary............ 397,282 2.9 274,450 2.1
Yugoslavia____ 109,437 1.2 211,416 1.6
Eastern Europe___ 1,803,965 13.2 1, 871,980 12.6
Russia________ i .11,153,624 8.6
Latvia________ H. 400,489 10.2 \ 20,673 .2
Estonia________ 1 I 3,550 «
Lithuania......... 135,008 1.0 193,600 1.4
Finland_______ 149,824 1.1 142,478 1.1
Rumania -......... 102,823 .7 146,393 1.1
COUNTRY OF BIRTH
E. Europe—Con.
Bulgarin.............
Turkey in Europe........
-___
Southern Europe..-
Greece...............
Italy...................
Spain____
Portugal______
Other Europe____
Asia________
Turkey in Asia__
A rm enia.-.-.........
Palestine and Syria.
Other Asia............
America_____
Canada—French. -
Other..................
Newfoundland___
Mexico_________
Cuba___________
Other West Indies *.
Central and South
America_______
Other coimtries.
Australia...............
Iceland_________
Azores__________
Other A tla n tic
islands................
All other............ .
Number
1920 1330
Number
Percent
Percent
10,477 0.1 9,399 0.1
5,284 m 2, 257 «
1,902,781 13.9 2,09S, 220 16.7
175,972 1.3 174, 520 1.3
1.610.109 11.7 1,790,424 13.4
49,247 .4 58,302 .4
67,453 ■5 69,974 .5
11, 609 .1 25,085 .2
110,460 .8 157,580 1.2
11,014 .1 46. 651 .3
30,020 .3 32,100 .2
66,102 .4 63, 362 .5
7,708 .1 15, 401 ,i
1, 068, 801 12.1 1,395, 070 10.4
307,780 2.2 370,852 2.8
810,092 5.9 907,509 0.8
13.242 .1 23,971 .2
a 478,383 3.5 23, 743 .2
} 20,309 .2 / \ 15,482
15,944 .1
.1
20,929 .2 37,509 .3
67,512 .6 73,630 .0
10,801 .1 12,720 .1
(') 2,704
i f 35,427 .3
\ 38,984 .3
i 1 4,052 w
17,727 .1 18,073 .1
1Iceland included with Denmark,
2 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
&Made up largely of persons who would have been classified as Mexicans In 1030. See note 2, table 20.
4Except possessions of the United Statos.
No. 2 8 .— P opulation, F oreign-Born White, Urban and R ural, by Country
op Birth, Continental United States: 1930
COUNTRY OF B1RTII Urban Rural
Percont
urban
Total...................... 10, 720, 869 2, 639, 548 80.8
Europe................... 9 ,43B, 606 2,301,616 80.4
Northwestern Europe. 2,821, 391 902, 844 75.8
England................... 041,200 107,472 79.3
Scotland................. - 295, 541 58,782 83.4
Wales....................... 45,068 14,237 76.4
Northern Ireland... 150,782 28,050 84.3
Irish Freo State....... 071,727 73,083 00.2
Norway__________ 194,986 152,910 50.0
Sweden....... ............. 408,032 187,218 68.5
Denmark................. 107,127 72,347 59.7
Netherlands............. 80,400 62, 007 60.4
Belgium................... 47,130 17,058 73,4
Luxemburg.............. 5,093 3,355 02.9
Switzerland.............. 07,918 45,002 00.1
France...................... 104,805 30,307 77.5
Oentral Europe............ 3,312, 860 912, 836 78.4
Germany................. 1,170,050 431,804 73.2
Poland...................... 1,090,114 172,409 86.4
Czechoslovakia....... 348,201 143,377 70.8
Austria..................... 308,482 62,432 83.2
Hungary................... 228, 042 45,808 83.3
Yugoslavia............... 164, 501 50,915 73.1
Eastern Europe............ 1,461, 826 220,1 5 5 8 6 .8
Russia................. — 1 ,0 4 1 ,1 7 3 112,461 0 0 .3
Lithuania................. 108,090 25, 510 8 0 .8
Latvia...................... 18, 744 1,920 9 0 .7
Estonia..................... 2 ,9 3 2 608 8 4 .0
Finland.................... 7 9 ,8 0 7 62,011 5 0 .1
COUNTRY OF BIRTH Urban Rural
Percent
urban
E. Europe—Con.
Rumania.......- ........ 131,4 6 5 1 4 .9 2 8 8 9 .8
Bulgaria.................. 7,3 4 0 2 , 0C3 7 8 .2
Turkey in Europe- 2 ,1 6 8 99 9 5 ,0
Southern Europe......... 1 ,8 3 0 , 701 282, 525 8 7 .5
Greece..................... 169, 370 1 5 ,1 5 0 9 1 .3
Italy........................ 1 ,5 7 3 ,0 0 3 2 1 7 ,4 2 1 8 7 ,9
Spain.............-........ 4 0 ,1 8 1 1 3 ,1 2 1 7 0 .2
Portugal......... ........ 5 2 ,1 4 1 1 7 ,8 3 3 7 4 .5
Other Europe_______ 21, 739 3 ,3 2 6 8 6 .7
Asia...................— 142, 889 14, 691 9 0 .7
Turkey In Asia........ 43, 272 3 ,3 7 9 9 2 .8
Armenia..................... 28, 829 3 ,3 3 7 8 9 .0
Palestine and Syria.. 57, 357 6 ,0 0 5 9 0 .5
Other A sia................ 13,4 3 1 1 ,9 7 0 8 7 .2
America_______ 1 ,0 9 2 , 240 3 0 2 ,8 2 4 7 8 .3
Canada—French___ 292, 564 7 8 ,2 8 8 7 8 .0
Other............ .......... 0 9 0 ,1 7 4 2 1 1 ,3 9 5 7 0 .7
Newfoundland--....... 22, 021 1 ,0 5 0 9 1 .9
Mexico........................ 18, 506 5 ,1 4 7 7 8 .3
Cuba........................... 1 5 ,1 2 8 816 9 4 .0
Other West Indies A. 1 3 ,9 0 0 1 ,5 2 2 0 0 .2
C e n . a n d S . A m e r i c a . 33, 803 3 ,7 0 0 9 0 .1
Other countries— 53,1 1 8 2 0 ,6 1 8 7 2 ,1
Australia..-................. 10, 208 2 ,5 1 2 8 0 .3
Iceland........................ 1 ,3 4 8 1 ,4 1 0 4 8 .8
Azores....... ........ ........ 23, 382 1 2 ,0 4 5 6 0 .0
Other Atlantic Islands 3 ,4 2 7 625 8 4 .0
All other.......... .......... 14, 753 3 ,6 2 0 7 0 .0
1Except possessions of the United States,
Source of tables 27 and 28: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Roports,
Population, Vol. II,

34 ABEA AND POPULATION
No. 29.—P o p u l a t i o n , F o r e i g n - B o r n W h i t e , b y M o t h e r T o n g u e , C o n ­
t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1020 a n d 1030
11 ^ oen *>y deducting from the total a ad from Spanish mother tongue,,
the estimated number of norsons who would hnvo. k

P O P U L A T IO N — C IT IZ E N SH IP OF F O R E IG N B O R N 35
N o. 3 0 . — P opulation, F oreign-B orn W h ite 21 Y ears op A ge and O yer—■
C it iz e n s h ip Status, by Se x, by C ountry op B irth, C ontinental U nited
St a t e s: 1930
Note.—Figures for 1920 havo been adjusted by deducting from the total tho estimated number of persons
who would have been classified as Mexican In 1930
M A L E
F E M A L E
C O U N T R Y O P B IR T H Total 21
years
and
over i
Naturalized
Number
Having
first
papers
Aliens
Percent
Total 21 Naturalized H aving
and
first
over i
Number
Percent
papers
Aliens
1920,total____ 8,747,394 3,908,924 40.0 1,114,432 1,973,918 5,445,935 2,883,092 52.9 77,301 2,118,196
1930,total____ 6,797,494 4,217,676 62.9 926,454 1,435,309 5,840,149 3,409,860 68.4 291,962 1,807,52a
E U R O P E
N. W, Europe:
England................. 391,838 272,500 09.0 46,807 50,871 370,363 255,642 67.9 18,871 84,708
Scotland________ 103,688 96,710 5 9 . 1 31,002 20,092 154,249 84,019 64.6 11,550 52,398
Wales................. 30, 046 23,158 76.6 2,952 3,127 26,530 20,488 77.2 953 3,793
Northern Ireland. 78,114 60,247 72. (J 9,040 9,366 93,971 63,806 07.9 4,703 20,677
Irish Free S ta te .- 310,731 2 2 2 , 6 4 2 70.3 39,630 38,017 404,515 200,098 65.8 2 3 ,0 5 5 89,530
Norway................. 1 9 1 ,2 4 8 135,482 70.8 23,208 20,173 147,020 108,430 73 8 6.234 20, 814
Sweden.................. 3 2 6 ,0 6 3 2 3 5 ,6 8 0 72.1 89,476 41,881 255,443 193,445 75.7 10,489 43,219
Denmark...... ........ 107,423 80,911 75.3 12,267 10,808 07,100 51,800 77.3 2,075 9,047
Iceland................ 1,358 939 09.1 188 179 1,361 935 69.2 64 291
Netherlands—....... 73,288 50,305 08.0 9,332 11,397 51,629 35,673 60.1 2,379 11,867
Belgium............ 33,260 2 2 ,789 . 68.5 4,877 4,569 20.887 17,267 64.2 1,804 0,845
Luxemburg_____ 6,383 4,452 82. 7 386 351 3,609 2,701 78 7 158 436
Switzerland........... 62,061 42, 521 67.5 7,843 10,052 40,530 32,447 09.7 2,465 9,408
France.................. 63,246 41,637 35.8 0,589 12,258 00,034 41,644 03.1 3,053 18,268
Central Europe:
Germany............... 813,204 588,205 72.3 108,098 87,696 734,959 534,407 72.7 46,037 121,004
Poland................... 056,348 303,022 56.4 110,597 169,490 500,282 252,427 46.1 30,238 264,007
Czechoslovakia__ 246,763 150,915 K 8 33,703 47,975 220,989 134,209 69.1 10,229 75,893
A ustria--___:___ 188,070 125,143 00.5 22, 955 33,232 171,222 1D2,916 00.1 8,607 62,813
Hungary________ 133,007 80,138 69.9 22,025 28,284 128,180 67,012 52.3 7,788 49,188
Yugoslavia....... — 120,732 00,234 47.6 24,040 39,562 75,706 33,747 44.6 4,464 35,857
Eastern Europe:
Russia................... 580,065 398,920 07.7 07,378 107,518 614,400 295,915 67,6 22,071 178,318
Latvia.................... 10,687 7,132 00.7 1,650 1,773 9,187 5.132 66 9 684 3,214
Estonia.............. 2,292 1,052 46.9 051 631 1,078 419 38.9 174 444
Lithuania.......... 109,223 66,700 61.1 18,511 32,031 80,821 34,826 43.1 4,081 30,918
F inland................ 76,331 38,033 50.6 12,204 23,323 63,551 33,549 52.8 3,306 24,955
Rumania............... 76,241 49,298 65.5 11,751 12,767 64,058 35,832 55.9 3,656 22,871
Bulgaria________ 7,346 2,813 38.3 1,896 2,435 1,615 017 38.2 130 821
Turkey In Europe. 1,179 665 55.0 234 260 874 293 33.5 64 500
Southern Europe:
Greece-___ _____ 126,019 02,649 49.9 22,701 36,516 41,717 12,825 30.7 2,168 26,340
Albania___ _____ 0,146 2,227 30.2 1,380 2,390 1,913 300 18.8 98 1,410
M y - ........................... 980,631 545,729 55.3 119,191 299,016 093,177 303.114 43.7 21,840 347,291
S p ain .................... 40,250 7,654 18.8 6,098 25,408 14,715 2,086 20.3 049 10,516
Portugal________ 40,204 8,129 20,2 4,237 26.872 26,728 4,602 17.9 681 19,631
Other Europe—____ 9,086 4,289 47.2 1,812 2,358 5,993 3,105 52.8 289 2,102
ASIA.
A rm enia.............. — 18,240 10,106 55.4 3,048 4,702 11,900 4.327 36.3 604 6,670
Palostino............ ....... 3,106 1,907 31.4 488 596 1,981 1,083 54.7 124 684
Syria...................... .. 30,094 17,997 58.1 4,707 7,449 23,131 9,876 42.7 1,082 11,866
Turkey in Asia____ 26,626 14,582 55.0 4,709 6,661 16,809 5,701 33.9 994 9,586
Other Asia.............— 8,658 3,533 40.8 1,761 3,016 4,306 2,038 40.4 339 1,789
A M E R IC A
Canada—French___ 167,493 80,019 51.4 22,209 63.572 101,060 81,177 50.2 6,633 07,570
Canada—Other____ 364,192 204,047 60.0 63,090 84,461 409,098 245,777 60.1 21,963 116,804
Newfoundland......... 10,177 4,239 41.7 2,250 3,208 10,914 4,604 41.3 832 4,995
Cuba.................... 7,734 1,681 21.7 500 4,844 5,167 1,880 26.9 92 3,300
Other West Indies 2- 0,971 3,042 52.2 D32 1,910 7,042 3,024 42.9 453 2,888
Mexico...................... 10,471 2,057 19.0 794 0,085 8,072 2,732 31.5 229 4,940
Central and South
America..............— 18,052 5,359 29,7 3,128 8,503 11,989 3,809 32.6 596 6,011
O T H E R C O U N T R IE S
Afrioa......................... 3,771 2,040 54.1 040 875 2,851 1,620 53.3 187 064
Australia................. 0,257 3,770 00.3 807 1,285 6,026 3,488 62.0 200 1,494
Azores...................... 18,201 5,070 27.9 1,791 10,704 15,619 3,394 21.7 416 11,216
Other Atlantio Is,»__ 2,241 780 36.2 324 1,006 1,639 562 36.5 62 813
Pacific Islands.......... 2,104 1,179 56.0 310 408 1,796 1,056 58.8 109 608
All other Includes Cape Verde Islands,
i Includes country not specified and born at sea.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. II.

3 6 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 8 1 .— P opulation 21 Y ears op Age and Over, b y . R ace, N ativity,
"PERSONS 21 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER
DIVISION AND STATE
All classes
Total M ale Female
N ative w hite
Total Native parentage
Male Female Male Female
Continental XT. S. ■78,943, 624 37, 058, 757 35,888,887 28,418,580 26,343,811 19,257,937 18, 858,829
New England____
M aine-_.............
New Hampshire
Vermont............
Massachusetts—
Rhode Island—
Connecticut___
Middle Atlantic.
New York__
New Jersey—.
Pennsylvania.
East north Central.
Ohio_________
Indiana______ -
Illinois...........
Michigan..........
Wisconsin__ ...
West Forth Central.
Minnesota........ .
Iowa....................
Missouri.............
North Dakota.-.
South Dakota....
Nebraska............
Kansas............... .
South Atlantic................
D elaw are...................
Maryland..................
District of Columbia-.
Virginia......................
West Virginia.............
North Carolina...........
South Carolina...........
Georgia.....................
Florida—....................
East South Central.
K entucky...........
Tennessee..........
Alabama............
Mississippi........
West South Central.
Arkansas.............
Louisiana............
Oklahoma___ ...
Texas................. .
Mountain........
M ontana___
Idaho_____
Wyoming—
Colorado___
New Mexico.
Arizona____
U tah............ .
N ovada,___
Pacific______
Washington.
Oregon..........
California—
5.095,074
487, 125
294.055
220,428
2, fiSfi, 487
421,197
985,782
18,311,742
8,142,851
2, 512,112
5, 056, 770
15, 685, m
4,132,251
2,003,010
4,841,768
2,930,409
% 768,818
8,000,433
1,537, 083
1,506,129
2,269, 657
358,182
385,80S
812,450
1,130,224
8,416,339
148, 702
996,928
341, 465
1,300,893
000, 087
1,542,125
819, 384
1,408,567
8GG,198
5,220,520
1,422,434
1,418,144
1,348,401
1,031,547
2,481,494
244,320
145,551
112,374
1,287, 970
202, 029
489,250
3,139, 533
4,078, 340
1,2&1, 298
2,840, 895
8,057, 827
2,095,788
1,016, 313
2,469,903
1,558,021
917,712
4,104,361
707, 900
705,863
1,137,503
100,028
207,413
410,139
580,455
4, 183,568
76,068
500, 540
1G0, 80G
650,357
471, 779
758, 445
395, 234
731, 490
438, 847
2,602, 304
718,280
701,194
(166,742
516,08?
0. 8,391,080 611.094
968,231 494,940
1,134, 852 566, 008
1, 287,131 673, 398
3, 220, 880 1,650, 675
2, 108,221
318, 611
246,770
132, 954
623, 523
216, 956
244,115
264,498
60,794
6,495,930
1,010,167
621,375
3, 864, 388
1,142, 751
181,494
136, 212
77, 205
323, 224
115,667
134,401
136, GOO
37,588
2,902,980
545,410
331,805
2,025, 774
2,813, 580
242,805
148, 504
108, 054
1,398, 517
219,108
490, 532
8,122,209
4.0(54, 511
1,250,814
2,800,884
7,827,438
% 036,463
986, 706
2,371,775
1,381,388
851,106
3,890,072
740,023
740,26G
1,132,154
162, lfvi
178,305
393,311
549,760
4,231,771
72,734
496,379
180,650
050,536
429, 208
783, 680
424,150
767,077
427,351
2,618,222
704, MS
716,950
081,659
515,465
3, 219,184
473,282
667,944
613,733
1, 504,205
065,470
137,117
110, 558
55, 749
300,299
101, 289
109,714
127, 538
23,206
2, 592,941
464, 757
289, 570
1,838, 014
1,598,613
197,844
100, 010
92,231
787,645
120,480
291,803
5,204,885
2,306, 059
773, 669
2,004,557
6,018,332
1,651,202
808, 602
1,707,070
1,055,413
701,045
3,386,937
577,121
668,246
980, 255
134,504
164,305
349,159
513,197
2,941,028
56,450
366, 680
103,713
474,388
402,410
549,843
232, 780
474,735
280,017
1,884,478
635,197
562, 170
427,670
259,441
2,487,846
350,862
341, 731
586,864
1,199,389
860,977
131,757
115,088
GO, 648
255, 941
88,478
79,927
110,074
25,066
2,086,484
304,969
265, 741
1,375,774
1,712,944
197,040
109,812
90,440
808,395
133,911
313,340
5,423,528
2,480,405
807,451
2,135, G7G
6,948,338
1,067,026
804,572
1,723,009
983,707
680,024
3,815,275
508,332
G62,364
091,121
116,807
145,621
336,300
494,730
2,964,483
50,235
374,862
120,223
473,819
382,477
568,366
237,315
482,159
270,027
1,870,187
625,417
571,321
425,358
254,071
2,353,497
340,600
340,854
535,781
1,136,166
709,230
106,511
98,072
46,890
248,348
79,217
66,703
105,789
17,640
1,980,351
362,415
246,006
1,371, 030
882,269
153, 689
71,515
08,922
384, 681
54,159
149,303
3,217,491
1,284, 253
442,163
1,491,075
4 ,0S2,748
1, 261, 525
769,727
1,038, 559
048,340
314,588
2,229,208
227, 425
443,075
802, 002
47, 098
83, 078
216, 777
406,448
2, 758, 634
48,222
300, 548
84,181
456, 862
381,014
544, 681
228, 570
464,741
249,815
1,814,288
597,498
548,620
415,719
252,451
2, 278,927
346,077
300, 530
646,316
1,0S0,004
628,341
80, 013
83, 006
45,284
191,148
81,708
66,128
63, 541
16,915
1,416,036
264,735
190,171
955,130
920,380
151, 979
72, 236
60, 947
414y DD3
57,644
156, 671
3,279, 158
1,306, 156
450,191
1,522, 811
3,899,207
1,247,068
760, 552
1,014, 262
581,925
205,400
2,101,666
215,765
435,426
707,097
40,420
73,135
207,300
392,422
2,768, 881
47,452
302,820
06,000
457,435
361,021
552,915
232,943
471,645
245,960
1,797,378
581,238
556,542
412,584
247,012
2, 149,292
S28,216
299,897
499,358
1, 021,821
548, S09
82, 638
70, 667
33, 001
182, 227
72,707
54,440
60, 242
11,487
1,334,661
236,039
177,399
921,223
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population,

P O P U L A T IO N — 21 Y E A R S OP A G E A N D O Y E R 37
P a r e n t a g e , a n d S e x , a n d M a l e s 18 t o 44 Y e a r s o f A g e , b t S t a t e s : 1930
p e r s o n s 21 y e a r s op a g e a n d o v e r —c o n tin u ed
N a t i v e w h i t e — C o n . F o r e ig n - b o r n w h i t e N e g ro A ll o t h e r
F o r e ig n o r m ix e d
p a r e n ta g e
M a le F e m a le M a le F e m a le M a le F o m a lo
M a le s
18 t o 44
y e a r s o f
a g o
DIVISION
AND
STATE
M a l e
F e m a le
7 ,1 0 0 ,0 4 3 7 ,4 8 4 ,9 8 2 6 ,7 9 7 ,4 9 4 6, 840,149 3 ,2 3 5 ,4 4 1 3 ,296,498 905,2 4 2 409, 400 2 5 ,8 3 9 ,2 0 7 u . s .
7 1 4 ,3 4 4 792,564 8 5 1 ,2 2 6 870,489 29,596 20,175 4,0 6 1 972 1 ,6 2 2 ,3 4 6 N. E,
4 4 ,1 5 5 4 5 ,0 0 7 4 5 ,7 1 2 45,1 7 9 391 322 373 268 1 4 5 ,0 4 8 M e .
3 5 ,0 9 6 37,5 7 6 3 8 ,4 6 7 3 8 ,5 1 2 409 157 75 23 8 6 , 1G4 N . H .
2 3 ,3 0 9 23,4 0 3 1 9 ,9 0 6 17,481 197 122 40 11 6 8 ,3 1 7 V t.
4 0 2 ,9 6 4 453,4 9 2 4 8 1 ,2 5 5 513,156 16,406 16,492 2 ,6 6 4 474 8 5 1 ,4 3 2
66,3 2 1 7 6 ,2 6 7 7 8 ,3 2 4 8 2 ,1 2 4 2 ,9 3 7 3,015 288 118 1 3 6 ,2 9 8 E . I .
1 4 2 ,5 0 0 156,669 187,5 7 1 174,037 9,2 5 5 9,067 621 88 3 3 4 ,1 8 7 C o n n .
1 ,0 8 7 ,3 9 4 2, 144,368 2 ,6 1 2 ,8 4 7 2 ,8 4 7 ,9 0 9 360,152 846,165 22,149 4 ,5 4 9 5 ,7 7 9 ,0 7 2 M . A .
1 .0 8 2 ,4 0 6 1 ,1 7 4 ,2 4 9 1 ,5 5 8 , 419 1 ,4 3 3 ,6 8 2 140,078 146,988 15,1 8 4 3 ,4 3 6 2 ,8 9 4 ,1 5 7 N . Y .
3 3 1 ,6 0 6 357,2 6 0 419, 503 376,929 05,7 5 0 66,146 2,2 8 6 288 8 9 8 ,0 9 0 N . J .
5 7 3 ,4 8 2 612,860 6 3 6 ,3 3 5 537, 358 144,324 133,031 4 ,6 7 0 825 1, 086,8 2 5 P a .
1 ,0 8 0 ,6 8 4 2 ,0 4 9 ,1 3 1 1 ,6 7 0 ,0 2 1 1 ,8 6 8 ,8 5 9 325, 519 295,717 39,955 14, 627 5, 527, 666 E . N . C .
3 8 0 ,6 7 7 419,0 6 8 335, 484 275,065 105,736 03,555 3,3 6 6 817 1 ,4 1 4 ,1 9 7 O h io .
128,8 7 5 134,020 7 3 ,8 4 5 65,1 8 9 38, 260 35,392 5,6 1 6 1, 553 6 5 6 ,2 2 3 I n d .
G 08,511 708,747 6 3 0 ,7 2 7 531,973 115,261 111,431 16,035 5 ,3 0 2 1, 7 2 2 ,2 6 8 111.
4 0 7 ,0 0 4 401,7 8 2 430, 934 341,4 9 2 62,139 52, 207 9,6 3 5 3, 982 1, 116,6 9 9 M ic h .
3 8 6 ,4 5 7 384,6 2 4 208, 031 165,137 4 ,1 3 3 3,1 3 2 4,5 0 3 2 ,8 1 3 6 1 8 ,2 7 9 W is .
1 ,1 6 7 ,7 3 4 1 ,1 6 3 ,7 1 0 5 7 7 ,0 6 0 454,477 113,497 108,278 20,877 18,0 4 2 2, 7 1 9 ,7 4 8 W, N, 0 .
3 4 9 ,6 9 6 352,567 2 1 2 ,0 0 1 105,450 3 ,0 9 0 3,115 4,158 3 ,1 1 7 533, 059 M in n ,
224, 271 226,938 9 0 ,0 2 7 71,685 6 ,0 1 0 6,320 1,580 807 4 0 1 ,1 8 5 I o w a .
177,6 5 3 194,024 7 8 ,7 2 0 66,3 5 0 75,9 3 7 74,520 2,5 8 5 1,1 6 3 7 4 2 ,4 0 0 M o .
8 6 ,5 6 6 7 6 ,3 8 7 5 8 ,9 2 5 43,3 8 3 177 101 2 ,3 6 2 1 ,8 0 3 130,7 5 8 , N .D a k .
8 0 ,4 1 7 72,4 8 6 3 0 ,8 8 6 27; 288 239 181 6,893 6 ,3 0 5 145,1 0 1 S . D a k .
1 3 2 ,3 8 2 129,000 0 1 ,9 4 2 60, 502 4 ,9 6 7 4,554 3 ,0 7 1 1 ,9 5 5 2 8 0 ,3 4 0 N e b r .
1 0 0 ,7 4 0 102,308 3 7 ,6 5 3 3 0 ,8 1 0 22,4 7 7 20,487 7 ,2 2 8 3 ,7 4 2 3 8 1 ,7 1 3 K a n s ,
182,3 0 4 195, 602 1 6 2 ,7 7 5 126,484 1, 078, 366 1,138,875 6,399 4 ,1 2 0 3, 0 8 5 ,8 7 6 S, A .
8 ,2 2 8 8 ,7 8 3 8 ,8 7 4 7,223 10,069 9,270 65 6 5 0 ,7 2 0 D e l.
6 6 ,1 3 8 7 2 ,0 4 2 4 8 ,3 1 9 4 2 ,8 5 9 84,881 78,683 663 76 3 5 0 ,0 3 7 M d .
1 9 ,5 3 2 23,6 3 3 1 4 ,9 7 0 13,5 2 5 41,5 8 4 46,804 642 104 113,0 7 6 D . Cl.
1 7 ,5 2 6 16,3 8 4 1 3 ,1 3 7 0 ,6 0 8 162,285 166,935 547 174 4 6 7 ,0 6 8 V a .
2 1 ,4 0 2 2 1 ,4 5 0 3 1 ,4 2 5 17,263 37,731 29,424 207 44 3 4 6 ,0 8 6 W .V a .
5 ,1 6 2 5,4 5 1 4 ,8 3 3 3 ,4 5 7 200,355 218,620 3 ,4 1 4 3 ,2 3 7 587, 065 N . C .
4 ,2 1 0 4 ,3 7 2 2 ,9 9 6 2 ,0 2 6 169,190 184,698 268 211 3 0 9 ,6 8 1 8 . C .
9 ,0 9 4 10,5 1 4 7 ,8 5 9 6,4 6 5 248,683 279,404 213 40 5 6 2 ,2 3 4 G a ,
3 0 ,2 0 2 3 3 ,0 6 7 3 0 ,3 6 2 2 5 ,0 5 8 127,988 123,037 480 229 3 0 8 ,7 0 0 F la .
7 0 ,1 0 0 78,701 8 2 ,2 9 7 2 3 ,2 8 0 634,048 718,007 1,481 768 1, 8 7 6 ,0 5 9 E , S. C .
3 7 ,6 0 9 4 4 ,1 7 9 11, 977 0 ,2 1 9 71,020 • 69,483 92 20 4 0 7 ,0 9 0 K y .
1 3 ,6 5 0 14,770 7 ,1 1 6 6 ,3 8 0 131,770 140,198 132 61 6 0 4 ,7 0 7 T e n n ,
1 1 ,9 5 1 12,774 8, 099 C, 136 229, 903 250,047 170 118 4 9 1 ,5 6 8 A la ,
0 ,9 9 0 7,0 5 9 4 ,2 0 6 2 ,5 4 5 251,349 258,279 1 ,0 8 7 670 3 8 3 ,2 8 8 M is s .
2 0 8 ,9 1 9 204,205 94, 543 70,0 8 7 614,877 021,009 104,664 174,481 2, 540,6 1 6 w, s, 0 .
1 3 ,7 8 5 12,480 5 ,9 0 0 4,0 5 1 128,795 128,335 392 200 3 5 6 ,3 3 0 A r k .
3 5 ,2 0 1 4 0 ,9 5 7 1 9 ,8 1 0 13,9 5 2 203,259 211,788 2 ,0 9 9 1 ,3 6 0 4 3 2 ,0 0 6 L a .
40, 548 36, 423 1 5 ,1 7 8 1 0 ,8 5 2 48,3 6 4 45,798 2 2 ,9 9 2 21, 302 5 0 0 ,6 7 3 O ld a .
1 1 0 ,3 8 5 114,345 53, 646 4 1 ,2 3 2 234,4 5 9 235,178 160,181 1 5 1 ,6 2 9 1, 2 5 7 ,6 0 0 T e x .
2 3 8 ,0 3 0 220, 921 1 0 4 ,1 7 2 112,222 11, 880 9,546 9 9 ,7 1 6 7 4 ,4 7 3 7 9 0 ,3 1 7 M t.
5 1 ,1 4 4 43,8 7 3 4 3 ,2 1 8 26,4 3 8 559 402 5 ,9 6 0 3, 766 1 1 8 ,6 2 2 M o n t.
3 2 ,0 8 2 27,405 1 8 ,2 8 3 10,901 310 208 2,5 3 1 1 ,3 7 7 9 1 ,2 1 3 I d a h o ,
1 5 ,3 6 4 12,989 1 2 ,0 2 8 0 ,8 1 7 560 402 3 ,9 6 9 1 ,6 4 0 5 6 ,4 4 5 W y o .
0 4 ,7 9 5 66,121 4 0 ,0 6 7 36,0 9 3 4 ,1 8 0 4,381 16,4 2 7 11,4 7 7 . 2 1 3 ,7 0 3 C o lo .
0 ,7 6 8 6 ,5 1 0 4,641. 2 ,8 0 8 081 787 2 1 ,6 6 9 18, 387 8 5 ,2 3 3 N .M e x ,
3 3 ,7 9 9 22,323 8 ,9 8 4 5 ,8 1 1 4,591 2,8 1 6 40,8 9 9 3 4 ,3 2 4 9 9 ,7 8 8 A m ,
46, 533 46,5 4 7 21, 073 19,743 454 352 4 ,4 5 9 1, 654 1 0 1 ,7 3 0 U t a h .
8 ,1 5 1 0,1 5 3 8 ,3 7 8 3,5 2 1 242 107 3 ,9 0 2 1 ,8 4 8 23, 583 N e v .
620, 448 845,690 6 2 4 ,0 6 4 466,285 82,501 31,887 209,9 4 0 114,4 6 8 1, 8 0 0 ,9 0 8 P& c.
1 3 0 ,2 3 4 126,376 1 3 4 ,5 6 8 93,6 9 5 2 ,8 9 5 2,1 6 6 12,9 7 8 6, 481 3 4 5 ,1 3 7 W a s h ,
69, 570 0 8 ,6 0 7 6 9 ,0 0 4 4 0 ,2 6 0 978 730 0 ,0 8 2 2 ,5 6 5 20G, 921 O reg .
4 2 0 ,0 4 4 460,7 0 7 4 3 0 ,4 9 2 332,3 3 0 28,6 2 8 28,932 190,880 105, 422 1, 3 3 8 ,8 5 0 C a lif.

38 AREA AND POPULATION
N o. 3 2 . — P o p u l a t io n , b y A g e
N o t e .— F o r t o ta l s fo r a ll a g e s, so c t a b l e 7.
F o r a g e d i s t r i
DIVISION AND STATE
U n d e r
5 y e a r s
5 t o 9
y e a r s
10 t o 14
y e a r s
15 t o 10
y o a r s
20 to 24
y e a r s
25 to 20 30 to 34
y e a r s y e a r s
35 t o 39
y e a r s
1 Continental U. S__ 1 L, 444,3 9 0 1 2 ,0 0 7 , 800 1 2 ,0 0 4 ,8 7 7 11, 552,115 10, 870,378 9, 833, 608 9, 120,421 9 ,2 0 8 , 645
2 New England.........
3 Maine..............
4 New Hampshire.
5 Vermont__ ____
6 Massachusetts...
7 Bhode Island___
8 Connecticut........
9 Middle Atlantio......
10 New York...........
11 New Jersey.........
12 Pennsylvania__
13 East North Central..
14
15 Indiana...............
115 Illinois.................
17 Michigan............
18 Wisconsin...........
19 West North Central.
20 Minnesota_____
21
22 Missouri.............
23 North Dakota__
24 South Dakota__
25 Nobraska...^__
2(j Kansas...............
27 South Atlantic.........
28 Delaware............
29 Maryland............
30 Dist. of Columbia.
31 Virginia..........
32 West Virginia__
33 North Carolina_
34 South Carolina...
35 Georgia...............
as Jlorffla................
37 East South Central..
38 Kentucky............
39 Tennessee...........
4Q Alabama.............
41 Mississippi..........
42
43
West South Central.
Arkansas............
44
« Oklahoma..........
40 T e x a s .................
47
48 Montana______
49 Idaho............
50
51 Colorado-!...........
52 New Mexico__
53
54 Utah______ .
55 Nevada.............
.w
57
58
Washington........
68 California_____
889,7 8 2
7 5 ,0 3 7
3 9 ,3 5 0
3 3 ,2 3 2
349,0 4 0
5 9 ,0 2 4
132,899
2 ,2 1 4 ,8 0 5
989,294
329,668
896,8 4 3
2 ,2 0 8 ,8 2 1
573,1 6 4
285, 030
015,826
403,441
271, 360
1 ,2 0 5 , 821
231, 001
220, 277
305,862
7 5 ,7 2 0
71,3 2 4
130,337
171,094
1 ,7 1 4 ,9 0 3
10,2 8 3
144,629
32,3 0 4
257, 138
207,087
301,150
205,076
316,404
141,832
1,122, 861
2 9 2 ,8C6
281,8 1 8
313,8 8 2
234,295
1, 314, m
208,700
230, 538
264,537
f ill, 108,
383,566
49,2 6 3
45,8 1 4
22, 495
65, 070
53,853
5 0 ,0 8 7
59,261
7 ,1 2 3
589,079
114,854
6 8 ,8 5 8
405,307
7 0 8 ,8 4 2
7 9 ,7 2 7
4 3 ,5 4 3
3 4 ,7 0 5
3 9 0 ,6 5 7
6 7 ,6 2 0
152,530
2 ,4 7 0 ,2 0 4
1 ,0 8 4 ,8 3 9
3 8 0 ,0 1 8
1 ,0 0 4 ,4 4 7
2 ,4 1 4 ,1 6 3
6 3 9 ,2 7 2
3 1 4 ,9 1 7
6 8 1 ,7 8 2
4 8 6 ,9 7 0
2 9 1 ,2 2 2
1 ,8 2 8 ,7 6 1
256, 761
2 4 2 ,9 6 3
339, 137
7 8 ,1 1 9
7 7 ,0 6 1 -
1 4 1 ,4 8 7
1 9 0 ,3 4 3
900,7 4 1
2 2 ,3 2 1
1 6 2 ,6 6 6
3 6 ,6 2 4
2 9 1 ,8 7 5
220,366
4 2 7 ,1 1 2
2 4 0 ,7 5 0
3 5 3 ,9 1 0
152,1 2 7
1, 203,971
3 1 6 ,2 3 1
3 0 6 ,6 2 9
3 3 1 ,7 1 3
2 4 9 ,3 9 8
1,425,4 2 1 ,
225,8 2 8
248, 187
2 8 5 ,8 4 6
6 6 5 ,5 6 0
408, 679
5 3 ,0 9 2
5 0 ,0 7 0
2 4 ,0 9 7
10-1,780
5 5 ,0 0 4
5 0 ,4 5 7
6 2 ,2 3 9
7 ,8 5 0
682,9 2 7
136,013
8 1 ,5 2 0
465,3 9 4
7 8 1 ,5 9 5
7 4 ,0 6 1
4 2 ,0 2 8
3 3 ,7 1 3
3 8 7 ,0 0 3
6 4 ,7 4 4
1 6 0 ,0 4 6
2 ,4 4 7 ,2 9 2
1 ,0 7 8 ,1 8 6
3 8 4 ,3 4 2
9 8 4 ,7 6 4
2 ,3 3 4 ,9 6 1
6 1 2 ,7 6 8
2 9 7 ,0 5 8
6 8 3 ,1 8 9
4 5 5 ,4 6 9
2 8 6 ,4 7 7
1 ,2 8 7 ,8 1 7
2 5 3 ,7 8 8
2 3 5 ,8 2 0
3 2 5 ,0 5 8
7 9 ,8 8 6
7 5 ,3 9 2
1 3 6 ,3 3 9
1 8 1 ,0 3 4
1 ,7 5 7 , 877
2 2 ,6 1 4
1 5 2 ,6 1 3
3 2 ,7 1 2
2 0 9 ,6 2 6
193, 285
3 8 2 ,2 9 8
222, 808
338, 860
142,881
1, 0 9 2 ,2 0 0
2 8 0 ,2 3 8
2 8 0 ,1 7 8
3 0 3 ,4 4 0
2 2 8 ,3 4 4
1 ,2 9 6 ,0 7 7
2 1 1 ,0 1 3
227,6 3 1
2 5 8 ,0 3 0
5 9 9 ,4 0 3
392,5 7 9
5 0 ,3 9 6
4 9 ,8 4 0
21, 750
9 8 ,9 4 0
4 0 ,3 4 6
4 2 ,8 6 1
5 9 ,3 8 4
7 ,0 6 2
6 4 5 ,1 7 9
138,3 9 3
8 2 , 6G0
4 2 4 ,1 2 6
715,562
68,683
3 8 ,8 2 2
31,371
366,149
62,414
148,123
% 354,216
1 ,0 7 1 ,3 1 3
304,390
918,507
2 ,2 2 7 ,2 1 3
578,1 3 3
284,714
676,053
410,886
271,427
1 ,2 4 1 ,6 6 8
239,046
223,542
320,555
75,343
69,609
132,100
174,573
1 ,6 7 9 ,4 1 0
21,173
145,804
3 5 ,8Q0
255,757
175,834
360,040
211,345
334,836
138, 215
1 ,0 5 1 ,1 8 3
258,156
276,4 3 7
294,168
222,402
1 ,280,1 6 0
202,734
217, 602
252,755
607,069'
352,747
50.135
44, 565
20,162
96,1 3 2
43.135
39,981
52,7 6 2
6,875
649,976
137,922
83,3 7 0
428,684
657,3 8 3
6 0 ,5 7 5
3 4 ,8 6 7
27,8 2 9
345, 573
56, 677
131,862
605,8 7 0
5 3 ,1 1 0
31, 562
24, 590
3 2 4 ,1 3 5
5 1 ,6 9 0
120, 783
2 ,3 0 3 ,3 3 9 2 ,1 8 7 ,9 7 4
1 ,1 3 9 ,0 2 9 1,122, 879
350,4 0 2 332, 810
8 1 3 ,9 0 8 732, 285
2 ,1 6 7 ,7 3 2
5 6 4 ,2 5 3
286,101
675,0 7 2
418,2 0 2
2 4 4 ,1 0 4
1 ,1 3 3 ,9 1 3
214,432
201,1 6 7
313,6 5 0
61,853
50,5 8 4
120, 788
162,439
1,482, 580
20,122
145,840
4 8 ,3 8 7
217,0 0 3
153,487
304,8 4 7
106,354
288, 126
137,814
929,003
221,061
248,619
259.361
199.362
1 ,1 9 2 ,7 3 2
175,308
206,496
230,891
580,037
320,176
4 3 ,7 5 3
3 7 ,4 5 8
20, 445
86,0 1 3
3 7 ,7 9 7
40,4 5 3
46, 072
7 ,2 8 5
683, 514
130,401
77,9 8 6
475,127
6 0 1 ,8 0 4
52, 613
3 1 ,7 6 9
2 3 ,4 1 5
3 2 1 ,4 9 9
115.881
081,1 2 9
3 3 1 ,3 3 2
7 0 3 ,4 2 0
2 ,0 8 3 , 777 1, 909,728
523, 558 505, 940
2 4 5 ,7 7 2 2 3 2 ,8 5 0
6 5 3 ,1 5 0 621,7 9 8
4 1 5 ,9 0 4 3 9 1 ,8 5 4
225, 333 2 1 7 ,2 8 6
1 ,0 0 5 , 810
193,469
1 8 0 ,3 5 7
2 8 7 ,1 7 6
4 8 ,9 8 8
50, 745
104,3 7 0
140,5 1 3
1 ,2 1 7 ,7 6 8
18,241
132,2 4 8
4 8 ,1 2 0
176,9 3 8
130, 593
239, 921
120,4 6 8
222, 930
128,2 9 9
759,9 3 0
189, 040
2Q3, 213
208, 954
158, 723
1 ,0 2 3 ,8 7 2
141, 422
178,953
197,256
506,241
280,0 7 0
3 8 ,1 9 5
31, 028
18,4 8 9
7 7 ,3 1 0
3 2 ,3 3 2
37, 633
37, 333
7 ,7 5 0
688, 733
120,6 5 1
7 2 ,0 5 3
4 9 6 ,0 2 9
954, 553
189, 705
174,9 2 9
2 6 7 ,0 0 2
43,3 4 1
4 8 ,1 2 2
99. 601
131,8 5 3
1 ,0 5 0 ,2 5 7
17,857
124, 358
4 5 ,0 9 5
156,596
116,803
197,171
98,8 5 9
183,399
110,119
835,008
171,188
172,774
164, 833
126, 211
8 6 4 ,4 0 9
116, 776
148,247
168,737
430, 649
259, 669
3 5 ,4 7 6
29. 059
18,130
74,1 9 1
2 7 ,9 8 4
3 3 ,4 5 0
3 3 ,9 6 7
7 ,3 1 2
669,2 1 4
115,448
71,102,
4 8 2 ,6 6 4
630,3 8 8
52, 853
3 2 ,4 7 2
2 3 ,7 8 2
335,4 4 1
6 2 ,0 9 9
129, 721
2 ,1 3 3 ,1 9 0
1, 072,3 8 6
3 3 8 ,2 2 2
7 2 2 ,5 8 3
2 ,0 1 1 ,2 3 5
523, 088
2 3 4 ,9 8 1
0 3 8 ,9 9 4
3 9 0 ,3 9 2
217, 780
965,954
192,934
177,8 0 1
271,6 8 8
42,9 3 1
48, 278
99,811,
132,451
1 ,0 4 7 ,4 2 8
18, 221
124,305
4 3 ,5 8 7
158, 211
112,145
188,488
104, 760
186,959
UG, 752
031,872
169,932
171,9 5 6
163,991
125, 093
837,821
119,0 9 2
146, 687
1 6 0 ,6 7 2
4 1 1 ,1 7 0
268, 505
40, 559
30, 111
18,80S
7 7 ,3 3 7
2 8 ,5 1 7
3 2 ,9 3 9
3 2 ,4 7 2
7, 762
6 8 8 ,4 7 2
1 2 2 ,8 3 3
7 6 ,0 1 9
4 8 8 ,6 2 0
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. II,

Gbotjps, by S t a t e s : 2930
P O P U L A T IO N — A G E D IST R IB U T IO N 39
button ot iivban and rural population, sea table 21, p. 20
40 to 44 45 to 40 50 to 54 55 to 59 60 to 64 65 to 69 70 to 74 75 to 79 80 to 84 85 years Vnyears
years years years years years years years years
over
Known
7,690, 195 7,042,279 6,975,804 4,645,677 3,751,021 2,770,60S 1,950,004 1,106,390 534,676 272,130 04,022 1
559, 449 601,959 443,176 372,375 311,630 229,017 159,133 61,652 46,417 24,071 5,159 2
48,339 46, 757 43.5SS 38,041 33, 537 20, 542 2o, on 12,554 G, 407 3,435 591 3
29,981 28,113 20,07(1 24,068 20,548 15,846 12, 506 7,428 3,735 2,045 244 4
21, 794 21,04C 20,092 17,626 14,99C 11,49? 9,318 5,830 2,978 1, 629 118 5
290,004 265,410 234,252 197,278 159,330 117,605 78,842 44,273 21,897 11, 578 3,048 6
40,608 42,181 37,062 30,288 24,984 17,398 11, 621 6,441 3,018 1,475 221 7
114,00(1 97, 658 81,604 84,176 58,241 40,127 20,775 15,126 7,382 3,909 037 8
1,851,303 1,687,001 1, 334, m 1,035,773 830, 506 800,488 403, 506 220,204 102,684 49,889 18,344 9
924,968 780,001 650,197 504,264 406, 041 293,447 195, 668 105,102 48,984 24,064 10,500 10
291,871 240,388 206,434 157,128 124, 876 88,44C 58,951 31,432 14,707 7,414 2,704 11
034,474 659,952 473,553 374,381 299,881 218, 673 148,887 83,010 38,803 18,405 5,074 12
1,767,937 1,616,615 1,262,141 1,004, 693 826, 273 634,007 448,113 253,427 120,784 59,335 17,350 13
468,317 403, 04(1 344,777 275,190 224,168 170,465 123,143 71,313 33,727 16,188 3,187 14
213,101 104, 770 170,038 143, 306 120,800 04,361 60,147 40,064 19,407 9,118 2,260 15
657, 037 470, 373 383,102 298,912 246, 310 183,196 123,500 66,210 31,751 30,345 7,383 16
334,001 275, 056 221, 237 171,220 137, 264 106,038 75,070 43,087 20,731 9, 956 2,875 17
194,881 108,758 142,987 115, 965 97,731 79,947 57,178 32,148 15,058 7,728 1,830 18
887,038 789, 649 061,664 543, 720 461,101 353,721 257,853 149,457 75,211 38,859 7,237 19
172,98C 147,143 122,171 100, 813 84,372 60,079 48,.255 26, G2S 12, 69c a, 824 008 20
157,635 144, 003 126,366 107, 596 02,343 72,043 54,239 32,088 16,305 8,670 1,242 21
242, 356 220, 334 193,097 158, 408 131,730 99,311 71,878 41,648 21,004 10,624 2,780 22
30,509 35,633 29,235 22, 425 17,123 13,019 9,112 4,926 2,181 1,037 393 23
44,205 37,499 30,289 23,648 18,902 15,211 11,058 6, 204 2,041 1,403 376 24
89,866 76,815 04,691 52,041 42,783 34,431 25,525 14,834 7,68? 3,821 750 25
120,437 107,622 95,816 '.8,789 03,848 49,727 37,791 23,039 12,431 6,480 719 26
873,080 783, 698 690,506 498,869 393,400 278,068 201,837 lie, 582 67,216 30,268 IS, 436 27
15,901 14,16C 13,001 10,024 8,578 0,844 4,887 2,893 1,338 716 138 28
107, 307 94,870 82,455 64,676 52, m 30,202 27,416 15,430 7,353 3,478 3,806 29
30, 320 32, 574 28,732 21,009 10,958 11,712 7,094 4,315 2,205 1,267 1,782 30
130, 024 125, 007 110,423 82, 933 65,198 46,935 34,815 20,321 10,212 5,395 1,184 31
94, 045 85, 398 70,728 53,648 41,530 29, 675 21,19? 12,868 6,147 3,156 733 32
163,231 137.981 120,305 85,539 63.743 40, 085 34,683 20,076 0.82C 5,157 2,119 33
86, 580 78.138 65,371 44,318 36,173 23,596 16,845 9,437 4,670 2,010 502 34
151,166 133,154 131,455 84,633 67,562 45,142 33,738 19,505 9,564 5,329 1,814 35
92, 775 81,647 67,065 51,580 40,757 20,785 20,709 11,717 5,847 3,144 1,237 30
622,777 493, 807 435,628 318,979 247,026 175, 781 128,018 75,745 37,924 20,3B2 7,091 37
140,945 133,430 119,940 95,182 76, 270 57,870 41,709 24,518 11,881 6,084 1,388 38
141, 664 128, 582 124,30C 89,015 68,211 48.478 34,880 20,410 10,160 6,102 3,625 39
180,871 138,403 100,459 73,716 55.948 30,240 29,184 17,243 8,668 4,899 1,269 40
103,407 93,452 84,919 58,466 46, 597 30,187 22,176 13,568 7,215 4,297 809 41
685, 835 613,304 499,120 372,852 282,876 192,729 141,073 88,978 40,862 22,165 8,613 42
08, 025 96, 405 79,352 59,439 44,001 20,086, 22,381 13,255 G. 448 3,530 778 43
118, 615 107, 570 85,585 62,463 46,358 30,924 21,400 13,026 0,382 4,115 805 44
133, 075 114,124 99,000 76,782 56,400 39,676 28,582 ID, 648 7,983 3, m 1,030 45
330, 108 295,109 235,177 174,168 136,116 92,143 08,710 41,040 20,049 10,511 4,191 46
242,207 210, 696 172,397 132,098 108, 588 78,430 52,665 28,643 13.122 6,716 2,432 47
42,127 35, 034 27,834 20,025 16, 580 12,323 7,911 3,931 1,688 847 337 48
28, 413 25, 330 21, M3 16,419 13,258 0,730 6,029 3,484 1,668 799 214, 40
16, 281 13,013 10,243 7,358 5, 409 3,988 2,592 1,336 665 220 178 50
GO, 33C 02,302 53,363 42,608 ' 35, 427 26,883 18,190 10,011 4,534 2,169 701 61
22. 800 19,703 15,691 12, 693 10, 250 7,274 4,604 2,750 1,314 823 204 52
27, 063 23,295 18,113 13,037 9,921 6,650 4,473 2,613 1,259 773 625 53
28,713 24, 693 20,262 15, 230 12,571 9,503 6,846 3,756 1,702 858 223 54
7,400 6,823 5,048 4,128 3,170 2,079 1,360 762 392 221 50 55
633,5S0 567,400 476,998 368,418 801,782 228,385 157,806 86.722 41, 676 20,471 16,161 56
118, 105 108,280 00,223 09,260 57,530 44,440 30,075 16,110 7, 329 3,549 1,980 57
71,070 05.063 55,290 43,869 36,640 28.199 20.167 11,139 5, 366 2,461 442 58
443, 499 393, 647 331,479 255,289 207,562 155,746 107, 564 50,473 28,881 14,401 13,739 59

40 a r e a a n d p o p u l a t i o n
No. 3 3 .— P o p u l a t i o n , b y A g e G r o u p s — P e r c e n t D i s t r i b u t i o n , b y S t a t e s -
1930
N o t e .— P e rc e n tag e s a re b a s e d o n fig u re s in ta b le 32
DIVISION AND
STATE
Under
5
5 to
9
10 to
14
15 to
19
20 to
24
25 to
29
PERCENT IN AGE GROUP
30 to
34
35 to
39
•40 to
44
45 to
49
50 to
54
55 to
59
00 to
64
05 to 70 to
69 74
76
and
over
Continental 0, S._ 9.3 10.3 0.8 8.4 9.9 8,0 7.4 7.6 0.6 5.7 4.9 3.8 8.1 2.3 1.6 1.8
New England___ 8.4 9.4 0.3 8.8 9.0 7.4 7.4 7.7 6.8 6.1 5.4 4.6 3.8 2.8 1.9
Maine...............
2.0
0.4 10.0 0.3 «. a 7.0 0.7 6.0 6.6 0.1 5.9 B.S 4.9 4.2
New Harap-
3.3 2.5 2.8
shire.............. 8.5 0.4 9.0 fi.S 7.5 6.8 G.S 7.0 0.4 0.0 5.7 5.2 4.4 3.4 2.7
Vermont_____
2.8
9.2 9.7 9.4 8. V 7.7 0.8 6.5 6.0 6.1 5.9 5.6 4,9 4.2 3.2 2.6 2J)
Massachusetts. 8.2 9.2 9.1 8.0 8.1 7.6 7.0 7.0 7.0 0.2 5.5 4, 0 3.7 2.8 1.9 1.8
Rhode Island — 8.7 9.8 9.4 0.i 8.2 7.5 7.5 7.6 6.8 6.1 5.4 4.4 3.6 2.5 1.7 1 rt
Connecticut__ 8.3 9.5 10.0 9.2 8.2 7.6 7.5 8.2 7,1 6.1 5.1 4.0 3.6 2.5 1.7 1.0
Middle Atlantic-- 8.4 9.4 0.3 9.0 8.8 8.8 ft f 8,1 7.0 6.0 fi. 1 3.9 3.2 2.3 1. 5 1.4
New York......._ 7.0 8.6 8.6 8.6 9.0 8.0 8.6 8.5 7.3 G.2 5.2 4.0 3.2 2,3 1,6 1.4
New Jersey....— 8.2 9.4 9.5 «.U 8.7 8.2 8.2 8.4 7.2 6.1 5.1 3.0 3.1 2.2 1. 5
Pennsylvania.. 9.3 10.4 10.2 9.5 8.5 7.0 7.3 7.5 0.6 5.8 4.0 3.9 3.1 2.3 1.5 1.5
E. Worth Central-. 8.1 9.5 9.2 8.8 8.6 8.2 7.8 S.O 8.9 0.0 5.0 4.0 S.3 2.5 1.8 1. 7
Ohio________ 8.6 9.0 9.2 8.7 8.5 7,9 7.6 7.9 6.9 0.1 3.7 4.1 3.4 2.0 1.9 1.8
Indiana______ 8.8 9,7 9.2 8.8 8.0 7.0 7,2 7.3 6.6 0.0 5.3 4.4 3.7 2.9 2.1 2.1
Illinois-............. 8.1 8.0 9.0 8.0 8.8 K.G 8.1 8.4 7.3 6.2 5.0 3.9 3.2 2.4 1.6 1.5
Michigan........ 9.0 10.1 0.4 8.0 8.6 8,6 8.1 8.2 6.9 5.7 4. 6 3.5 2.8 2.2 .1.0 1.5
Wisconsin......... 9.2 0.9 9.7 9.2 8.3 7,7 7.4 7.4 6.6 5.7 4.9 3.9 3.3 2.7 3.3 x .e
W. Worth Central. 9.1 10.0 0.7 9.3 8.5 7.8 7.2 7.3 6.5 6.8 S. 0 4.1 3.4 0 7 1 9 9 . n
Minnesota........ 9.0 10.0 9,9 9.4 8.4 7.5 7.4 7.5 6.7 5. 7 4.8 3.9 3.3 2,7 1.9 1.8
Iowa................. 8.9 9.8 9.5 9.0 8.1 7.3 7.1 7.2 6.4 5.9 5.1 4.4 3.7 3.0 2.2
Missouri........
2.3
8.4 9.3 9.0
North Dakota.. 11.1 11. 5 11.7 11.1
0.0 8.6 7.9 7.4 7.5 6.7 0.1 5.3
ft, T 7.2 0.4 0. 3 6.8 5.2 4. 3 13
4.4 3.6 2.7 2.2 2.0
South Dakota.. 10.3 11.3 10.9 10.0 8.0 7.3 0.9 7.0 6.4 5.4 4.4 3.4 2.7 2.2 l.ft 1.5
Nebraska.......... 9.5 10.3 9.0 9 .6 8.8 7.6 7.2 7.2 6.5 5.6 4.7 3.8 3.1
Kansas.............
2.5 1.9 1.9
0.1 10.1 9.0 9.3 8.0 7.5 7.0 7.0 0,4 5.7 6.1 4.2 3.4 2.6 2.0 2.2
South Atlantic___ 10.9 12.1 u . i 10.6 0.4 7,7 6.6 6.6 5.5 5.0 4.4 Ls, 2 2.5 l.B 1.3 1 s
Delaware_____ 8.1 9.4 9.5 8.0 8.4 7,7 7.5 7.6 6.7 5.9 5.5 4.2 3.6 2.9 2.1 2,1
Maryland____ 8.9 10.0 9.4 8.0 8.0 8.1 7.0 7.0 0.0 5.8 5.1 4.0 3.2 2.4 1. 7 1.6
Dist. of Col___ 6.0 7.3 6.7 7.4 9.9 9.0 9.3 9.0 7.5 0.7 5.9 4.4 3.5 2.4 1.6 1.0
Virginia............ 10.0 12.1 11.1 10.6 0.0 7.3 0.5 6.0 5.2 4.0 3.4 2.7 1 0 I 5
West Virginia.. 12.0 12.7 11.2 10.2 a n 7.6 0.8 6.5 5.6 4.0 4.1 3.1 2.4 1.7 1.2 1.3
N . Carolina___ 12.3 13.5 12.1 11.4 9.0 7.6 6.2 fi.fi 4.8 4.4 3.8 2.7 2.0 1.5 1.1 1.1
S. Carolina....... 11.8 13.8 12,8 12.2 u. a # .« 5.7 0.0 5.0 4.5 3.8 2.5 2.1 1.4 1.0 1.0
Georgia.......... 10.9 12.2 11.7 11.5 ».# 7.7 0.3 6.4 5.2 4.6 4.5 2.9 2.3 1.6 1.2 1,2
Florida................. S.7 10.4 0,7 9.4 y.4 8.7 7.5 7.5 6.3 6.6 4,0 3,5 2.8 2.0 1.4 1.4
E. South Central.. 11.4 12.2 11.0 10.0 9.4 7.7 6.4 0.4 5.3 5,0 4.4 3.2 2.5 1. 8 1. 3 1 4
Kentucky____ 11.2 12.1 10.7 9. 9 8.6 7.2 0.5 6.5 5.0 5.1 4. G 3. 6 2.9 2.2 1 6 1 fi
Tennessee____ 10.8 11.7 10.7 10. (1 0.5 7.8 6.6 6.0 5.4 4.0 4.8 3.4 2.6 1.9 1.3 1.4
Alabama.......... 11.9 12.5 11.6 U . 1 0.8 7.9 6.2 0.2 4.9 5.2 4.0 2.8 2.1 1.5 1.1 1 2
Mississippi....... 11.7 12.4 11.4 11.1 9.0 7.9 6,3 0.3 5.1 4. C 4.2 2.9 2.3 1.5 1.1 1.2
W. South Central.. 10.8 U.7 10.6 10.6 9,8 8.4 7.1 8 .9 5.6 5.0 4.1 3.1 2.3 1.0 1 9 L_2
■Arkansas.......... 11.3 12.2 11.4 10.11 0.6 7.0 6.3 6.4 5.3 5.2 4.3 3.2 2.4 1.6 I 9. 1 3
Louisiana____ 11.0 11.8 10.8 10.4 9,8 8.5 7.1 7.0 5.6 5.1 4.1 3.0 2.2 1. 5 1.0 1.1
Oklahoma........ 11.0 ll.fi 10.8 10. 6 0.0 8.2 7.0 6.7 5.6 4,8 4.1 3.2 2.4 1.6 1.2 1.2
Texas............... 10.5 11.4 10.3 10.4 10. t) 8.7 7.4 7.1 5,8 5.1 4.0 3.0 2.3 1.6 1.2 1.2
Mountain........... 10.4 11.0 10.3 0.5 8.0 7.6 7.0 7.3 0.5 5,7 4.7 3.6 2.0 %. 1 1 4 \ %
Montana.......... 9.2 10.0 10.5 0.3 8.1 7.1 6.6 7.5 7.8 0.6 5.2 3.8 3.1 2. 3 1. 5 1.2
Idaho................ 10.3 11.8 11.2 1IJ. 0 8.4 7.0 6.5 0.8 6.4 5.7 4.8 S. 7 3.0 2.2 L 5 i a
Wyoming......... 10.0 10.7 0.0 8.9 9.1 8.2 8.0 8.3 7 S 4.5 3.3 2.4 1,8 1.1 .9
Colorado___. . . 9.2 10.1 9.5 9 .2 H.4 7.5 7.2 7,8 6.7 0.0 5.2 4.1 3.4 2.6 1.8 L_6
Now Mexico... 12.7 13.0 10.9 10.2 8.0 7.0 0.6 7.0 5.4 4.7 3.7 3.0 2.4 1.7 1.1 1 2
Arizona............. 11.5 11.6 9.8 9.2 0.3 8.6 7.7 7.0 ft, 2 5.3 4.2 3.0 2.3 1.5 1.0 L I
Utah______. . . 11.7 12.3 11.7 10,4 0.1 7.4 0.7 0.4 5.7 4.9 4.0 3.0 2. 5 1.9 1.3 L_2
Nevada............. 7.8 8.6 7.8 7,0 8.0 8.6 8.0 8.5 8.1 7.5 6.2 4.5 3.5 2.3 1.5 1.6
Pacific................. 7.2 8.3 7.9 7.9 8.3 8.4 8.2 8.4 7.7 6.9 6.8 4.5 3.7 2.8 1.8 1 8
Washington__ 7.3 8.7 8.9 8.8 8.H 7,7 7.4 7.0 7.0 6.9 5.8 4.4 3.7 2.8 1.9 L_7
Oregon.......... 7.2 8.5 a. 7 8.7 8.2 7.11 7.5 7.9 7,5 6.9 5.8 4. G 3.8 3.0 2.1 2 0
California........ 7.1 8.2 7.5 7.6 8.4 8.7 8.5 8.6 7.8 6.9 5.8 4.6 3.7 2.7 1.9 1 .8
Source: Department ot Commerce, Bureau oi the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. XI.

POPULATION— AGE DISTRIBUTION 41
No. 3A .— P opulation, b y R ace, N ativity, P arentage, and Sex, b y A ge
Groups, Continental United Sta tes: 1930
ALL CLASSES*
1930
AGE GROUP
1900 1910 1020 183#
Native white
Foreign
Native or mixed
parentage parentage
Foreignborn
white
Negro
NUMBER
All ages___ 76, 994, 675 01,972,266 106, 710,620 122,776,040 70, ISO, 614 26, aal, 186 13,366,407 11,891,143
Under 5 years....... 9 ,170, 628 10,631,364 11, 573.280 11,444,300 7, 930,105 1,960,443 27,788 1,230,206
Under 1 year___ 1, 916, 809 » ,a n ,w 2,190,791 i,5A9,8W 846,962 1,428 232,378
fi to 0 years........... 8. 874,123 9, 760, 032 11,398,075 12,607,609 8, 321,038 2,513,415 121,601 1,308,381
10 to 14 years____ 8.080,234 9,107,140 10,641,137 12,004,877 7,528,352 2,870,194 147.730 1,251,542
IS to 19 years____ 7.556,089 9,063,603 0,430,550 11, 552,115 6,932,503 2,854,451 324,630 1,250,528
20 to 24 years..- _ 7.335,016 9,056,984 9,277,021 10,870,378 6,355,507 2, 448,656 061,992 1, 203,191
25 to 29 years........ 6, 520,441 8,180,003 9,086, 401 9,833, 608 5,509,780 2,042,910 1,021,008 1.071,787
30 to 34 years........ fi. 556,039 0, 072,186 8,071,193 9,120,421 4.916,005 1.946,931 1,240, 830 864, 514
35 to 39 years........ 4,904,781 0,396,10C 7,775, 281 9,208,646 4,675,975 1,876,978 1,631, 667 800, 000
40 to 44 years........ 4,247,166 5,281,587 8,345, 557 7,090,105 8.053,253 1.551,078 1.604,176 687,423
45 to 49 years........ 3,454,012 4; 469,197 6,763, 62C 7,042,279 3,464, 299 1, 303,470] 1, 505, 214 630, 065
60 to 54 years........ 2.942,829 3,000,791 4,734, 873 5.975,804 2, 941, 020 1,150, 600 1.317, 370 504,590
68 to 59 years........ 2,211,172 2,786,951 3,549,124 4.646,077 2,300,842 003.652 1,028,613 309,397
60 to 64 years........ 1,701,303 2.267,150 2,982, 548 3,751,221 1,821,621 744,795 910, 677 242, 169
65 to 69 years........ 1.302,926 1, 679,503 2,06S, 476 2.770,605 1, 346,942 535,584 712,314 155,177
70 to 74 years........ 883,841 1,113,728 1,395,036 1,950, 004 1,019,306 358,13C 460, 614 99,096
75 to 79 years........ 519,857 667,302 856, set 1,106,39C 612,33C 157,752 269,780 68, 711
80 to 84 years........ 281, 612 321,751 402,779 534, 676 303,217 52,094 140,892 33, 377
85 to 89 years..--- 88, 600 122,818 156,539 205,4GG 115,450 18,389 56,575 14,948
90 to 94 years........ 23, 992 33,473 39,9BG 51, 604 27; 26C 3,23G 13, 954 0,332
95 to 99 years........ 6,260 7,391 9,579 11,033 4,723 644 2,714 2,611
100 years and over. 3,504 3,555 4,267 3,084 659 71 45C 2,467
Unknown___ . . . 200, 584 169,055 148,699 94,022 57,361 10,144 9,824 13,731
PERCENT
All ages....... 100.0 m .o 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Under 5 years..,.. 12.1 11.6 10.9 9.3 11.3 7-7 .2 10- 3
Under 1 year___ 2.6 8.4 2.1 l.S 2.2 1.4 c) 2.0
5 to 9 years_____ 11.7 10.0 10.8 10.3 11.9 9.9 .9 11.5
10 to 14 years........ 10.6 9.9 10.1 9.8 10.7 11.3 1.1 10.5
15 to 19 years........ 9.9 9.9 8.9 9.4 9.9 11.3 2.4 10.5
20 to 24 years........ 9.7 9.8 8.8 8.0 9.1 0.7 5.0 10.1
25 to 29 years........ 8.5 8.9 8.0 8.0 7.9 8.1 7. C 9.0
30 to 34 years........ 7.3 7.6 7.6 7.4 7.0 7.7 a a 7.3
35 to 39 years____ 6,5 7.0 7.4 7.5 6.7 7.4 12.2 7.5
40 to 44 years........ 5.6 5.7 6.0 6.5 5.6 0.1 12.7 5.8
45 to 49 years........ 4.5 4.9 5.5 5.7 4.9 5.1 11.7 6.3
50 to 54 years. . . . 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.9 4.2 4.5 9.C 4.2
55 to 59 years____ 2.9 3.Q 3.4 3.8 3.3 3.8 7.7 2.6
60 to 64 years........ 2.4 2.5 2.8 3.1 2.6 2.6 0.J 2.0
65 to 69 years____ 1, 7 1.8 2.0 2.3 1.9 2.1 5.2 1.3
70 to 74 years____ 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.4 3.4 .8
75 to 79 years____ .7 .7 .8 .9 ,9 .6 2.C .5
80 to 84 years. . . . .3 .3 .4 ,4 . 4 .2 i .i .3
85 years and over. .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 ,1 .e .2
U nknow n........... .3 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1
AGE GROUP
NUMBER, 1030
Mate 'F e m a l e Male
PERCENT
a g e g r o u p
NUMBER, 1030
Female
Male Femaie Mate
PERCENT'
Female
All ages.. 82,137, 030 60,837,988 m o 100.0 6 0 t o 5 4 y e a r s ___ 3,1 3 1 ,645 2,844,159 5.0 4.7
85 to 59 years__ 2.426.902 2,219.685 3.9 3.7
Under 5 years.. 5,800, 174 5,638,216 0.3 9.3 60 to 64 years__ 1,941,608 1,800,713 3.1 3.0
U n d e r 1 y e a r . . 1 ,1 1 2 ,1 7 1 1 ,0 7 8 ,6 2 0 1 . 8 1 .8 65 to 69 years__ 1, 417,812 1,352,793 2.3 2.2
5 t o 9 y ears..... 6 ,3 8 1 ,1 0 8 0,2 2 6 ,5 0 1 1 0 .3 10.3 70 to 74 years___ 8 9 1 ,6 4 7 0 5 8 , 357 1.0 1.0
10 to 14 years... 6,068,777 5,936,100 9.8 9.8 75 to 79 years__ 6 47, 6 0 4 558, 780 *.9 .9
16 to 20 years. — 5, 757,825 5, 794,290 9.3 9.0 80 to 84 years__ 251,138 283,538 .4 .5
20 to 24 years... 6,336,815 6, 533, 563 8.6 9.1 85 to 89 years__ 90,803 114, 576 .1 .2
26 to 29 years... 4,860,180 4,973,428 7.8 8.2 90 to 94 years__ 20,431 31,233 w .1
3 0 to 34 years... 4,581, 786 4,5 5 8 , 6 3 5 7 . 3 7 .6 0 5 t o 99 years.... 4,283 6,750 c*5
35 to 39 years... 4,679,860 4,628,785 7.5 7.5 100 years and
40 to 4 4 y e a r s . . . 4 ,1 3 6 ,4 5 8 3 ,8 5 3 , 7 3 6 6 . 7 6.4 o v er.............. 1,403 2,561 0
45 to 49 years... 3,671,924 3,370,355 5.9 5.6 Unknown..,___ 51,816 42,200 .1 .1
1Totals include races not shown separately for 1930. 1Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. II.
26770(1“—41-----5

42 AREA AND POPULATION
N o. 3 5 .— M a e i t a l S t a t u s ,
M A L E S 1 5 Y E A R S O F AGE AND O V E R
DIVISION AND STATE
Number
Percent of total
Total Single Married Widowed
Divorced
Unknown
Single
Married
W owed
id­
Continental U. S*—. 43, 881,021 14, 953,712 20,327,109 2,025,030 489,478 85,886 34.1 80.0 4.6
Hew England.*........
Maine.................
New Hampshire..
Vermont.............
Massachusetts__
Rhode Island......
Connecticut____
Kiddle Atlantic .
New York........
New Jersey___
Pennsylvania.-.
East North Central..
Ohio.................. .
Indiana............. .
Illinois............
Michigan.......... .
Wisconsin......... .
West North Central..
Minnesota...........
Iowa....................
Missouri..............
North Dakota___
South Dakota......
Nebraska.............
Kansas...........— .
South Atlantic....... *__
Delaware..................
Maryland...... -....... .
District of Columbia.
Virginia......................
West Virginia.........
North Carolina....... .
South Carolina____
Georgia.......... -....... .
Florida................... .
East South Central..
Kentucky..........
Tennessee...........
Alabama.-.........
Mississippi.........
West South Central*.
Arkansas.........
Louisiana........
Oklahoma........... .
Texas..................
Mountain._
Montana..
Idaho.......
Wyoming,
Colorado........
lolorado..
New Mexico-
Arizona..........
Utah..............
Nevada..........
Pacific.............
Washington..
Oregon.........
California__
2,901,480
285.114
108,405
131,484
1,501,904
238,674
575,789
9,580,982
4,714,608
1,476,159
3,390,215
9.378,073
2,438,685
1,185,534
2,809,347
1,300,530
1,079,977
4,844,547
939,795
899,826
1,330,661
241,350
249,409
403,502
685.114
6,107,443
88,886
588,895
181,673
802,623
675,038
968,308
516,760
926,871
517,783
3,214,755
870,198
864,634
835,246
644,677
4,144,135
613,805
692,160
823,058
2,015,112
1,354,047
211,910
163,154
89,966
379,165
141,079
158,021
108,237
41,915
3,295, 609
028,340
381,529
2,285,734
1,024,840
90,569
54,469
44,303
545,566
84,434
204,999
8,413,072
1,718,371
612,215
1, 183, 086
3, 100, 837
769,282
351,910
985,343
001,745
392,557
1, 673,652
367,844
298,856
415,233
104,297
97,168
172.548
217,606
1,757,014
30,568
205,202
63,695
284,780
195,006
336,359
180,416
304,704
156,884
1,005,370
270,339
270,671
260,977
197,383
1, 325,261
183,707
230,262
254.549
650,743
480,101
86,283
59, 389
35,726
125,015
47,817
57,232
59,334
18,305
1, 1 8 3 ,9 0 5
224,795
130, 768
808,390
1,701,884
172, 525
100,586
77,076
870,610
110,310
340,877
6,073, 131
2,761,908
892,349
2,018,874
5,701,788
1,514,131
760,884
1,715,640
1,095,503
625, 578
2,878,764
520.870
645,117
825,917
125, 670
138.870
297,725
422, 595
3, 129,689
52,694
348,063
107,418
473.870
352,122
689,236
312,663
509.512
324,121
2,016,400
546, 342
541,706
521, 268
406,994
2, 565,028
3S9,325
422, 503
517.512
1,235,686
775,881
111,406
93,455
48,671
227,494
83,537
90,370
100,785
20,053
1,886, 658
357,7Q2
221,806
1,307,050
146.012
17,444
10,680
8,232
72,410
11,568
25,678
421.004
197,157
62,415
161,432
435,523
117,191
62, 775
127,762
78,849
48,940
827,080
41,981
43,180
68,248
9,269
10,447
21,694
33,161
233.004
4,712
28,854
8,113
35,948
22,899
37,605
21,918
45,205
27,750
150,167
43,573
41,673
38,946
31,965
195,646
33,107
32,460
37,683
92,306
62, 615
9,397
6,990
3,715
18,895
7,938
7,785
5,842
1,953
147, m
28,951
18,332
100.012
24,588 4,606 35.8 58.7 5.0
4,102 474 31.8 60.5 0.1
2,545 185 32.3 59.7 6.3
1,779 94 33.7 58.6 6.3
10,610 2,808 SO, 8 58.0 4.8
2,070 292 86. + 58.8 4.8
3,482 753 35.6 59,2 4.5
50,541 22,634 86.6 59.2 4.4
22,117 15, 055 86.4 68.6 4.2
7,137 2,043 34.7 60.5 4.2
21,287 5,536 84.9 59.6 4.8
126,309 13,608 38.1 80.8 4.6
33,606 2,385 31.6 62.1 4.8
18,078 1,889 20.7 63.3 5.3
35,562 5,040 34.3 59.8 4.5
28,161 2,212 33.3 60.0 4.4
10,814 2,082 30.3 67.9 4.5
58,184 8,067 34.5 59.4 4.7
8,135 965 39.1 56.4 4.5
11,758 915 33.2 60.6 4.8
18,442 2,711 31.2 62.1 5.1
1,611 503 43.2 52.1 3.8
2,314 610 39.0 55.7 4.2
5,045 890 34.0 59.7, 4.4
10,279 1,473 31.8 61.7 4.8
36,338 10,788 84.0 00 0 4.6
661 251 84.4 59.3 5.3
4,869 1,007 34.8 59.1 4.9
1,808 639 35.1 50.1 4.6
5,801 2,224 35.5 59.0 4.5
5,183 428 S3.9 61.2 4.0
3,815 1,283 ,34.7 60.9 3.9
1,418 361 34.9 00.5 4.2
6,341 1,100 87.0 01.4 4.0
6,442 2,686 30.3 02.6 5.4
31,127 5,701 31.3 62.7 4.9
9,005 039 31.1 02.8 5.0
8,269 2,225 31.3 62.7 4.8
7,307 748 32.0 62.4 4.7
6,540 1,789 30.0 03.1 5.0
53,534 4,766 32.0 61.9 4.7
7,057 519 29.9 63.4 5.4
6,121 814 33.3 61.0 4.7
12,548 866 30.9 62.9 4.6
27,808 2,609 32.6 61.3 4.6
24,269 2,301 36.1 67.3 4.6
4,338 396 40.7 52.6 4.4
3,020 300 36.4 57.3 4.3
1,811 243 39.7 54.1 4.1
6,938 823 33.0 60.0 5.0
1,678 109 33.9 59.2 5.6
2,957 277 36.1 57.0 4.9
2,163 123 35, 3 59.9 3.5
1,574 30 43.7 47.8 4.7
84,588 18,203 35.3 67.2 4.5
14,870 2,019 35.8 56.9 4.6
10,126 497 34.3 58.1 4.8
50, 586 10,687 35.4 57.2 4.4
Source: D e p a r t s of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Beports, Population, Vol. I I

y S e x , b y S ta te s: 1930
POPULATION— MARITAL CONDITION 4 3
F E M A L E S 1 5 Y E A R S O F A G E A N D O V E R
Total Single Married Widowed Divorced
Number Percent of total nvisroN
AND
Unknown
Single Married
"Widowed
42, 837,148 11, 300,853 26,170,756 4, 734,207 573,148 52,385 26.4 61.1 u . i v . s.
S T A T E
3,044,692 970,318 1,697,891 840,868 80,705 3,085 31.9 66.8 11.2 it. e .
283,484 72,768 172,270 83,899 4,211 330 25.7 60.8 12.0 Me.
171,907 48,174 99,922 21,148 2,534 129 28.0 58.1 12.3 N. H.
120,417 32,274 76,472 16,004 1,582 85 25.6 60.5 12.7 Vt.
1,020,410 651,892 869,725 181,875 15,020 1,898 34.1 53.7 11.2 Mass.
266,835 85,282 140,678 27,821 3,056 98 33.2 54. 7 10.8 B .I.
585,639 181,923 338,724 60,151 4,302 630 31.1 57.8 10.3 Conn,
9,647,467 2, 804,829 5,622,781 1.036.636 64,684 16,587 29.4 58,9 10.9 M. A.
4,721,139 1,417,657 2,738,973 522,983 30,596 10,930 30,0 58.0 11.1 N. Y,
1,470,247 416,041 884, 506 158,585 9,678 1,437 28.3 CO. 2 10.8 N. J.
3,356,081 971,131 1,999,302 357,068 24,360 4,220 28.9 so. a 10.6 Pa.
6,901,167 2.240.305 6, 040, 826 034, 140 182,220 3,170 25.1 62.9 10.4 E. IT. C.
2,384,808 594,443 1, 400,574 255,108 37,165 1,618 24.0 62.8 10.7 Oilio.
1,155,964 202,586 744,990 128,917 18,458 L013 22. 7 64.4 11.2 Ind.
2,780, 610 735,489 1,701,891 299,551 40,186 3,393 26. 5 61.2 10.8 h i.
1,029,915 373,677 1,075,686 154,241 25,259 1,152 22.9 66.0 9.5 Mich.
1,009,970 280,110 621,285 96,323 11,158 1,004 27.7 61.6 9.5 Wis.
4.632,669 1,226,694 2.865.634 475,523 61,903 3,810 26.6 01.0 10.3 W. N. O.
882, 618 270,487 519,131 83,104 9,283 613 30.6 58.8 9.4 Minn.
872,053 226,333 543,432 89,464 12,224 600 20.0 62.3 10.3 Iowa.
1,328, 759 323,109 825,087 158,222 21,162 1,179 24.3 62.1 11.9 Mo.
205,764 65,124 124,632 14,292 1,474 242 31.6 60.6 6.9 N.Da'k.
218,703 61,087 138,030 17,363 2,021 262 27.9 03.1 7.9 S. Dak.
471,298 123,988 296,670 44,089 6,072 479 26.3 62.9 9.4 Nebr.
663,414 155,766 418,552 68,989 9,072 435 23.8 64.1 10.6 Kans.
5,246.825 1,414,211 3,146,495 628,831 63,461 8,827 27.0 60.0 11.8 S. A.
85,276 22,203 52,344 9,037 731 61 26.0 61.4 11.7 Del.
582,733 158,908 340,075 69,352 5,853 1,885 27.3 59.5 11.9 Md.
204.556 61,709 109,427 29,766 2,992 062 30.2 53.5 14.6 D. 0.
800,689 224,421 475,428 92,050 7,765 925 28.0 59.4 11.6 Va.
632,840 133,490 346,508 40,874 5,600 311 25.1 05.0 8 . 8 W .V a.
1,001,408 2Q3,855 506,027 103,850 0,704 972 29.3 59.5 10.4 N . O.
663,365 160,775 318,837 70, 694 2,067 392 29.1 57.0 12.8 s. o.
972.461 250, m 673,377 135,213 12,271 741 25.8 69.0 13.9 Ga.
613,688 107,925 326,812 69,095 8,878 878 21.0 03.6 13.5 Pla.
3,253,427 787,662 2,020,680 893,040 48,053 3,892 24.2 62.1 12.1 E.S.O.
855,056 204,684 543,928 95,357 10,411 676 23.9 63,6 11.2 Ky.
883,297 218,534 543,405 100,237 13,026 2,095 24.7 61.5 12.0 Term.
861,967 214,039 524,158 110,080 13,019 671 24.8 60.8 12.8 Ala.
653,107 150,305 409,389 81,360 11,597 450 23.0 62.7 12,5 Miss.
3,990, 245 917,077 2,668,815 445,917 71,142 3,294 22.9 64.0 11.2 w. s. c.
505,127 126,357 388,783 70,231 9,421 335 21.2 65.3 11.8 Ark.
703,077 178,203 424,774 89,141 10,142 817 25.3 60.4 12.7 La.
764.569 162, m 513,982 72,782 14,397 444 21.3 67.2 9.5 Okla.
1,933,472 449,553 1,231,278 213,703 37,182 1,698 23.3 63.7 11.1 Tex.
1,173,018 274,065 701,801 118,611 16,968 1,013 23.4 64.9 9.B Mt.
ICG, 045 40.253 108,514 14,503 2,659 116 24.2 05.4 8.7 M ont.
130,154 31.359 91,745 10,927 1,995 128 23.0 67.4 8.0 Idaho.
67,267 14,139 46, 831 5,156 1,057 75 21.0 69.0 7.7 Wyo.
357,230 83,460 226,078 40,337 7,013 362 23.4 63.3 11.3 Colo.
126.045 29,828 82,557 12,852 1,628 80 23.5 65.0 10.1 N .M ei.
133,547 28,613 87, 791 14,650 2,348 145 21.4 65.7 11.0 Aria.
168,726 41,308 99,613 15,338 2,357 110 20.0 62.8 9.7 U tah.
27,208 5,109 18,232 2,849 911 7 18.8 07.3 10.5 Nev.
2,981,639 664,897 1,657,878 382,611 91,061 6,707 22.3 02.3 12.2
645,700 122,'694 362,466 50,054 13,701 876 22,5 64.6 10.3 Wash,
339,219 74,867 218,946 36,489 8,783 134 22.1 64.5 10.8 Ores.
2,096,630 46Q, 836 1,286,461 270,068 68,567 4,698 22.3 61.4 12.9 Calif.

44 AREA AND POPULATION
N o. 3 6 . — M a r it a l S t a t u s , b y S e x , R a c e , N a t i v i t y , a n d P a r e n t a g e ,
C o n t in e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1020 a n d 1930
N o te .—Figures for "AU other” sn 1930 include Mexicans; prior to 1630 Mexicans were classified for the
most pert as white. See footnote 2, t&bte 20. The marital condition of mates and tamales 15 years of
age and over hy race and nativity for each geographic division and of white and Negro persons for each
State haring a Negro papulation of over 5 percent of the total is shown in Statistical Abstract, um ,
tables 23 and 24
M A L E S 1 5 Y K A B S A N D O V E K
F E M A L E S 1 5 T » A B S A N D O V E R
CLASS
Number Percent Number Percent
All classes—
Single.—
Married—
Widowed-
Divorced.
Unknown.
W hits-...........
Single------
Married__
Widowed—
Divorced—
Unknown..
Native white, total..
Single.................
Married............
Widowed-..........
Divorced._____
Unknown______
Native white, native parentage—...................
Single..................... —
Married.......................
Widowed__________
Divorced___________
Unknown....................
Native white, foreign or
rained parentage___
Single----------------
Married..................
Widowed...............
Divorced................
Unknown............—
Foreign-bom whits.
Single..................
Married_______
Widowed______
Divorced........
Unknown______
Negro___________
Siegio— ...........
Married...............
Widowed______
Divorced___ . . . .
Unknown...........
All other________
Single..................
Married_______
Widowed______
Divorced...........
Unknown______
1920 1930 1920 1630 m o 1930 1028 1930
88,020,683 43,881,021 100.0 100.0 86,177,818 42,887,140 100, D 200.0
i % m , m 14,953,732 35.1 34.1 9,610, 902 12,3m , m 27.3 26,4
21,849,288 26, 337.100 50,2 60.0 21,318,933 20,170,766 60.6 61.1
1,768,308 2,020,030 4, a 1 6 3,917; 625 4,734,207 11.1 11.1
235,2S4 489,478 .8 1.1 273,304 573,148 .8 1.3
DO,240 85,080 .3 .2 SO, 751 82,385 .1 .1
88,333,508 88,614,160 100.0 l o o t f "81654,841 33,530,220 TooTo” 100.0
It, 782,885 13,304,500 85,3 34.1 8,772,732 10,223,306 27.7 26.8
1.9, S9S, 113 23,003,312 69.1 GO. 2 10,210, 238 23,444,243 60.7 01.3
3,549,184 1, 745,213 4.6 4.0 3,800,002 4,023,372 10,7 10.5
207,063 428,073 .6 1 .1 228/ 565 477,624 .7 1.2
87,881 73,049 .3 . 2 43,044 45, 684 .1 .1
20,088,047 82,210,100 100.0 100.0 25,740,856 32,155,087 m o 100.0
9,827,638 11,858.502 38.1 20.8 7,930.933 9,459,175 30.8 29.4
14,705,171 18,642,713 56.7 67.9 IS, 088,735 10, 200,906 58.6 59.7
i, 111, Ito 1,0:2,341 ASj 4.0 2,480,407 3.030/472 9.6 0.4
175,713 305, M3 .7 1.1 200,900 425 082 .8 i.a
73,430 01,217 .3 .2 35,872 38,352 a a
19,092,107 23,308,480 100.0 100.0 IS, 620,748 20,878,600 100,0 100.0
8,778, SIS 8,054,686 35.5 315 6,268,490 0,284,818 28.4 27.2
11, 244,289 14,013,140 58.9 80.0 11,196.865 14,143,008 00.4 81,6
874,821 970,085 4.6 12 1,880; 000 % 227,8G0 10.2 9.7
134,788 279,723 .7 1,2 IBS, 743 324,768 .8 1.4
61,000 45,826 .3 ,2 27,050 27,485 a .1
8,000,940 8,840,648 100.0 m o r,4U, 108 9,173,483 100.0 100.0
3,151,100 3,803,905 43.1 43.0 2,668,443 3,204,357 37,0 S4.9
3,550,882 4,029,573 50. S 52.4 3,800,870 5,057,238 54.0
238,204 300,253 3.4 3.5 595,407 802,612 8.8 8.7
49,924 85,520 .6 1.0 48,180 100, OH .7 1,1
11,740 15, SOI .2 .2 8,222 11,307 a a
7,262,530 7,004,069 100.0 100.0 6,913,835 a, 065,148 100.0 100.0
1,855,047 1, SOS, 937 ®.e 21,5 835. 790 770,131 H .l 12.7
4,802,042 4,000,609 87,6 70.8 4,123, 503 4, 248,337 69.7 70.0
438,049 462,872 6.0 6.6 &Z0, 255 092,000 15.6 16.4
3 1 ,850 62,830 .4 .9 27,666 61,942 *5 .0
24, 561 11,832 .3 .2 7,772 6,832 .1 .1
3,893,211 8,841,482 100.0 100.0 3,483,100 4,069,643 100.0 100.0
1.104, S77 1,270, 050 82.6 32.2 825, 25S 953,8QG 24.1 23.3
2,059, 407 2,357, 821 60.4 59.8 2,039,181 2, SOS, 144 59,6 58,5
200, 784 247, 595 5,9 8.3 507,901 652,633 14.8 15.9
28,080 55,713. .8 1,4 43,871 88,868 1.8 2.2
10,504: 0,383 ,8 .2 6,829 6,071 .2 ,1
161,208 725,4CS 109.0 100,0 99,574 617,808 too.o 100.0
80,023 318,266 41.7 43.9 18,012 123, Ml 19.0 23.9
300,74S 365,673 52.5 60.5 m , 514 328,369 88.8 63.5
8,410 32,228 4.4 4.4 10,002 68,172 10.0 11.2
532 6, m .5 .8 8BS 6,656 .9 1,8
1,756 3,254 A 278 630 .a .1
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Ueports, Population, Voi. II.

POPULATION— DWELLINGS AND FAMILIES 45
No. 3 7 .— M a r i t a l S t a t u s , b y Sbx, R a c e , N a t i v i t y , a n d P a r e n t a g e , f o r
U r b a n a n d R u r a l P o p u l a t i o n , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1930
CLASS
PERSONS 16 YEARS OP AGE AND OVER
PERCENT OP TOTAL
Total' Single Married Widowed
Divorced
Single
Marrieowed
Wid­
Divorced
1920
Urban population:
Males....................................... 19,098,800 1.082,294 11,605,237 807,500 142,778 35.5 58.9
Females................................... 19,618,764 5,698,073 11,310,188 2,305,622 1S6,181 29.0 67.6
4,6
12.2
0.7
.6
Rural population;
Males....................................... 17,225,163 5,985,271 10,244,029 860,808 92,506 34.7 50.5 5.0 .5
Females................................... 15,558,751 3,918,229 10,008,745 1,522,003 87,123 25.2 64.3 0.8 .6
1930
URBAN POPULATION
Males, total_________________ 26,201,037 8, 501,813 15,242,615 1,086,856 316,383 33.7 60.5 4.3 1.3
White..................................... 23,012,880 7,769,480 13,057,981 955,319 282,736 33.8 60.7 4.2 1.2
Negro....................................... 1,842,020 576,114 1,112,731 118,454 30,800 31.3 on. 4 6.4 1.7
All other.................................. 340,122 156,219 171,903 13,083 2,838 45.1 40.7 3.8 .8
Native white—
Native parentage................ 11,322,687 3,843,634 6,850,950 420,680 172,211 33.9 60.fi 3.8 1.5
Foreign or mixed parentage. 0,173,305 2,748,154 3,154,845 195,809 62,597 44.5 51.1 3.2 1.0
Foreign-horn white................. 5,810,834 1,177,692 3,952,186 329,770 47,928 21.3 71,6 0.0 .0
Females, total______________ 26,966, 592 7,228, 604 15,199,397 3,076,806 426,058 27.8 56.5 11.8 1.6
White..................................... 23,672,905 6,713,677 13,891,824 2,668,272 367,805 28.4 58.7 11.3 1.0
Negro..................... -.............. 2,048,053 454, 635 1,158,802 376,331 54,790 22.2 56.6 13.4 2.7
All other.................................. 246,634 60,382 148,771 32,203 4,003 24.6 00.0 18.1 1.0
Native white—
Native parentage................. 11,888,265 3,473, 117 6,908,864 1,252,402 237,642 20.2 58.1 JO. 6 2.0
Foreign or mixed parentage. 0,824,105 2,560,477 3, 555,597 613,842 84,950 87.5 52.1 0.0 1.2
Foreign-horn white................. 4,960,475 680,083 3,427,363 802,028 45,278 13.7 60.1 16.2 .9
RURAL POPULATION
Males, total.................... -........... 18,679, 984 6,461,899 11,084,494 938, 180 173,095 34.5 69.3 6.0 .9
White...................................... 10,201,270 5,595,020 9,045,331 789,894 145,337 34.5 50.5 4.9 .9
Negro....................................... 2,099,433 694,836 1,246,090 129,141 24,904 33.1 59.3 6.2 1.2
All other.................................. 379,281 162,034 194,073 19,145 2,854 42.7 61.2 5.0 .8
Native white—
Native parentage............... 12,046.773 4,211,052 7,162,100 646,405 107,512 36.0 50.fi 4.5 .0
Foreign or mixed parentage 2,667,281 1,055,752 1,474,728 110,387 22,023 39.6 55.3 4.1 .9
Foreign-born white.............. 1,487,216 328,225 1,008,413 133,102 14,002 22.1 67.8 8.9 1.0
Females, total______________ 16,870, 667 4,077,959 10,971,359 1,657,401 146,490 24.2 65.0 9.8 .9
White___________________ 14,547,324 3,515,629 9.552,419 1,365,10C 109,768 24.2 65.7 0.3 .8
Negro__ ________________ 2,061,499 499,171 1,239,342 276,332 34,078 24.3 60.4 13.5 1.7
All other.............. ................... 271,734 63,169 179,508 25,969 2,653 28.2 6 6 .1 9.6 1 .0
Native white—
Native parentage................ 11,090,334 2,781,701 7,234,804 075,468 87,12( 25.1 65.2 8.? .8
Foreign or mixed parentage. 2,362,32? 643,88C 1,501,641 188,77C 16,00* 27.-1 63. t 8. f .7
Foreign-born whito................. 1,104,667 90,048 815,974 190,872 6,660 8.2 73.9 17,3 .6
1Includes persons whose marital condition was not reported.
N o. 38.— D w ellings, b y Size, and Fam ilies, b y Home T e n u re , f o r U rban
a n d R u r a l A reas, C o n tin e n ta l U nited S ta te s: 1920 an d 1930
TENURE
TOTAL URBAN RURAL
1920 1930 1920 1930 1920 1930
Number of dwellings................... 20,697,204 25,204,976
22,833, 110
3-or-more-family dwellings - -
Number of families...................... 24,351,670
Families having homes:
Owned—Number................. 10,860,960
Percent................ . 44.0
Hentod—Number................. 12,943,698
P e rc e n t--______ 63.2
Tenure unknown—Number- 541,118
Percent— 2.2
1,728,087
643,779
»29,904,663
14,002,074
46,8
15,319,817
51.2
582,772
1.9
9,484,550 13,046,699
11,001,881
1,430,570
12,803,047
4,707,716
30.8
7,879,348
61.5
215,984
1.7
614,208
17,372, 524
7,432,554
42.8
0,681,359
55.7
258, Oil
1.5
11,212,654 12,168,277
11,831,249
297,517
11,548,629
6,159,245
53.3
5,064,250
43.0
325,134
2.8
29,511
12,532,139
0,569,520
52.4
5,638,458
45.0
324,161
2.0
1 Private families only, excluding 78,178 institutions, hotels, etc. These quasi-family groups were included
In the count as made for 1020.
Source of tables 37 and 88: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports,
Population, Vols. II and VI.

46 ABBA AND PO PU L A T IO N
N
N o. 39.—F amilies, by H ome Tentjkb and Size of F amily, by States
o t e .— A family is defined as a group of persons related either by blood or by marriage or adoption who live
together as 1 household usually sharing the samo table. Single persons living alone are counted as familiCSl
however, as are a few small groups of unrelated persons sharing tho samo living accommodations as
"partners.” In the 1920 count, inmates of an institution were treated as a single family as were also oth er
quasi-family groups. Families not reporting tenure are included in tho totals for all families
DIVISION AND STATE
A ll FAMILIES
PERCENT OF TOTAL
AVERAGE POPU­
LATION PER
FAMILY 2
Owner Tenant Owners Tenants
families, families,
1930 1030 •
1120 mo> 1929 1930 1920 1930 1930 1939,
incl.
inst.
1930,
p rlv .
only
Continental!!. S__ 24,351,676 29,904,683 14,002,074 15,319,817 44.8 49.8 63.2 51.8 4.34 4.10 4. 01
New England____ ... 1,703, 812 1,981,499 915,441 1,042,621 39.2 48.2 59.8 52.6 4. 34 4.11 4. OO
Maine.................... 186,10G 197,826 119,898 74,368 58.5 60.6 39.7 37.6 4.13 4.02 3. 93
New Hampshire.-- 108,334 119,337 64,823 63,078 48. V 54.3 49.1 44.5 4.09 3.89 3. 76
Vermont.— .......... 85,804 89,188 52,813 35,503 56.4 50.2 41.0 39.9 4.11 4.02 3. 03
Massachusetts....... 874,708 1,021,160 430,238 560,645 34.4 43.0 64.fi 65.8 4.40 4.15 4.03
Rhode Island......... 137,160 165,343 67,467 90,432 30.0 40.8 67.7 BR.a 4,41 4,15 4.05
Connecticut........... 311, 610 388,645 171,202 213,445 37.0 44.1 01.3 54. 0 4.43 4.12 4. 03
Middle Atlantic......... 5,085,080 6,374,380 2,893,965 3,463,389 36.7 44.8 61.8 54.3 4.38 4.11 4. 01
2,441,125 3,153,124 1,155,036 1,057,733 30.3 36.6 08.4 62.1 4 3.98 3. Rft
Now Jersey............ 721,841 ‘ 985; 636 470, 500 502; 497 37.7 47.7 00,8 51,0 4.37 4.00 4.02
Pennsylvania........ 1,922,114 2,235,620 1,198,420 1,003,159 44.4 53.6 53.9 44.9 4.64 4.30 4, 23
E. North Central____ 5,143, 913 6,362,823 3,305,203 2,868,065 61.4 68.4 46.8 45,1 4.17 8.97 3. 88
Ohio....................... 1,414,008 1,607,918 012,295 703,050 50.9 63.7 47.7 45,0 4.07 3.91 3.83
Indiana.................. 737,707 843,066 474,196 353,807 53,6 56.2 44.2 42.0 3.97 3.34 3. 77
Illinois................... 1,534,077 1,929, 396 882,900 1,017,115 42.0 45.8 55.2 62,7 4.23 3.94 3.84
Michigan............... 862,745 1,180, 554 685,516 470, 682 57.0 58.1 40.5 40.4 4. 26 4. OE 4.01
Wisconsin. .......... 505,316 711,889 440,197 256,811 62.6 81.8 35.7 36.1 4.42 4.12 4.04
W. North Central....... 2,967,849 3, 317, 881 1,762,814 1,480,748 56.0 58.1 42.5 44.6 4.84 4.00 3. 82
Minnesota.............. 626,026 606,496 349, 008 243, 606 59.4 57.7 38,4 40.2 4.54 4. 21 4.11
Iowa...................... 586,070 035,704 340,778 282,007 50.7 fia.fi 4fl.fl 44.5 4.10 3,88 3.82
Missouri................ 820,043 939,476 450,810 461,203 48.4 48.0 49,3 49.1 4.11 3.85 3. 7fi
North Dakota....... 134,881 145, 005 81, 352 57, 399 02.9 56.1 33.4 39.0 4.80 4, as 4.02
South Dakota........ 142,703 161,013 82, 482 72,002 59.3 51.2 37,2 45.3 4.40 4,20 4,24
Nebraska............... 303,436 342,090 181, 300 152,835 55.7 52.0 41.4 44, fi 4 27 4.01 3.04
Kansas................... 435,000 487,188 267,115 210,100 55.4 64.8 42.0 43.1 4.00 3.86 3,78
South Atlantic............ 2,991,828 3,511,860 1,466,339 1,969,291 40.8 41.8 66.3 66.1 4.68 4.49 4.41
Delaware............... 52,070 59,092 30,187 27,804 43.8 51.1 64.3 47.1 4.28 4.02 3.87
Maryland.............. 324,742 385,179 208, 503 169, 359 49. (J 54.1 49.3 44.0 4.40 4.23 4.11
Dist. of Columbia-. 96,194 126,554 47, 220 75,254 29.0 37.0 AH. 3 50.9 4.56 3.86 3,70
Virginia................. 483,363 520,089 272, 208 217,497 50.1 61.4 47.9 46.8 4.78 4.57 4. 48
West Virginia____ 310,008 373,941 168, 843 198,730 45, (i 45.1 51.8 53.1 4.72 4.62 4. 55
North Carolina__ 513,377 644,033 270,046 349, 655 45.0 43.5 50.9 54.3 4.98 4.01 4.85
South Carolina___ 349,126 365,680 111, 257 248, 335 31.0 30.4 65.2 67.9 4.82 4.75 4. 70
Georgia................. 628,525 652,79a 194,450 440, Oil 29.0 29.8 07.0 07.4 4.01 4.45 4.38
Florida.................. 234,133 376,490 163,956 212, 740 40.6 40.9 55.0 60.5 4.14 3.89 3.81
E. South Central____ 1,977,381 2,273,8 69 924, 989 1,298,272 41.6 40.7 55.7 57.1 4. 50 4.34 4.29
Kentucky............ 646,308 609,405 306,284 290,370 50.5 50.3 47.3 47.6 4.42 4.28 4. 23
Tennessee.............. 616,10S 600,625 270,260 314,841 46.6 45.0 51.0 52.4 4.50 4.35 4. 29
Alabama................ 508,700 591,625 198,472 381,466 33. 9 33,5 02.8 04.5 4.62 4,47 4.42
Mississippi............ 403,108 471,704 149,973 311,586 33.0 31.8 04.0 06.1 4.44 4.25 4.22
W. South Central....... 2,242,810 2,868,262 1,117,460 1,658,094 40.7 89.0 56.9 57.8 4. 67 4.24 4.18
Arkansas................ 390,96C 438,63£ 108,767 251,897 43.8 38.5 53,3 57.4 4.48 4,22 4. TO
Louisiana............... 389,913 485,365 165,731 307,273 32.4 34, 1 03.8 03.3 4.61 4.32 4.
Oklahoma.............. 444,524 564,164 225.266 320,565 43.0 39.9 52.1 50.8 4.56 4.24 4.17
Texas.................... 1,017,413 1,380,096 557,086 770,209 41.5 40.4 55.4 50.5 4.58 4.21 4.15
Mountain.................. 803,853 914,408 470,330 415,398 53.6 81.4 43. 5 45.4 4.16 4. 03 a. 02
Montana................ 139,912 136,210 71,419 59,636 58, 5 52.4 38.1 43.8 3.92 3. 92 a. 70
Idaho..................... 100,500 108,044 59,584 44,996 58.0 55.1 37.8 41.6 4.30 4.10 4 m
Wyoming............... 48,476 56,887 26,425 28,322 49.6 46.5 45.9 49.8 4.01 . 3. 95
Colorado.............. 230,843 267,324 131,671 127, 970 50.6 40.2 47.4 47.9 4.07 3. 80
New Mexico....... 83,706 98,546 64,439 40,428 67.5 55.2 39.3 41.0 4.30 4. 28
Arizona.................. 80,208 105,992 45,808 56,380 41.2 43.2 55.1 53.2 4.17 4. 09 a. qr
98,346 115,936 60,583 44,610 50.0 60.0 30.2 38.5 4.67 4. 37
Nevada.................. 21,862 25,469 11,561 12,977 45.5 45.4 50.0 51.0 3.54 3. 54 3.32
Pacific____________ 1,445,360 2,300,191 1,126,493 1,123,209 46.7 48.9 50.8 48.8 3.85 3.64
Washington........... 342,228 423,833 246,138 167, 609 63.6 57.8 44,3 39.5 3.90 3, 07
202,890 266,328 154,283 106,712 53.6 57.9 44.2 40.1 3.86
California.............. 900,232 1,610,030 726,072 848.8S8 42,5 45.1 54.8 52.7 3,81 3. 51 a 34
' Private families only, excluding 76,178 institutions, hotels, etc.
eluded In the count as mado for 1920, ’
These quasi-family groups were in-
" V " '* * U014I4K 44041 r u u t l iUL
l fl„r,st °-th? 2,OTef|!Scs shown for 1930 is obtained by dividing the total population by the combined
comnarabfe^lTh^th/^^2oen v ^n^Uam*haTn ^ Br°uPs (institutions, hotels, etc.). This figure is strictly
total
tmnTumniniSn
population living
i i
in.
,
private
3 S
families
£ he £60?,ml
by tho number
avcrflS°
of
presented
private families.
for 1030 Is obtained by dividing tile
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Eeports, Population, Vol. VI,

P O P U L A T IO N — D W E L L IN G S A N D F A M IL IE S 47
N o . 4 0 . — F a m i l i e s , b y R a c e a n d N a t i v i t y op H e a d , a n d D w e l l i n g s , b y
C l a s s , b y S t a t e s : 1930
D IV ISIO N AND STATE
All
classes
FAM ILIES I
Native
white
Foreignborn
white
DW ELLIN G S
Negro Total 1-family 2-famlly
3-ormorcfamily
Quasifamily
groups
Continental 17. 29,904,063 20,968, 803 6 ,736,401 2,603,766 35,204,976 22,833,110 1,728,087 643,779 75,178
Slew England.........- 1,981,499 1,203,304 753,231 22,864 1,453,2221 1,124,366 224,255 104,6 0 1 6,928
Maine................... 197,820 158,687 38,033 269 172,088 15M06 13,920 3,063 651
New Hampshire— 119,337 85,503 33,672 117 101,712 39,813 8,007 2,992 322
Vermont_______ 89,188 72,922 10,117 136 79,465 72,380 6,778 1,321 244
Massachusetts___ 1,021,100 570 761 427,385 12,6 3 7 703,222, 511,051 126,274 CA807 3 ,3 8 4
Rhode Island___ 166,343 89,926 72,711 2,542 115,293 81,162 23,065 11,070 408
Connecticut....... - 388,045 210,615 104,713 7,174 280,552 214,688 46,302 19,602 968
Middle Atlantic___ 6,374,380 3,921, 2222,200,620 243,371 4,465,195 8,732,533 600, 666 232,097 14,644
New York.,____ 3,153,124 1.763,041 1,207.716 95,021 1,736,050 1,299,216 275,924 169,916 8,988
New Jersey_____ 986,030 576,991 358,084 48,636 721,143 680,836 99,690 40,717 1,991
Pennsylvania___ 2,235,620 1,590,690 643,020 90,114 2,008,990 1,852,481 126,061 31,464 3,565
East North Central— 6,362,823 4,733,363 1,390.490 222,240 6,812,851 4,731,788 424,656 166,497 13, 668
Ohio___________ 1,097,918 1,339,077 281,75(1 76,700 1,474,893 1,335,303 107,024 32,566 2,023
Indiana____ ____ 843.000 752,373 00.205 28,771 789,785 767,409 24,877 7,4flg 1,385
Illinois_________ 1,929,390 1,313,063 530,272 78,737 1,405,127 1,163,81!! 163,074 88,221 6,064
Michigan_______ 1,180,654 800.076 330,738 30,600 1,018,846 925,348 74,644 18,953 2,588
Wisconsin______ 711,889 628,174 178,619 2 ,523 024,201 569,019 55,032 6,250 1,708
West North Central.. 3,317,881 2,097,414 515.044 87,863 3,037,237 2,800, 810 139,649 36,678 7,731
Minnesota______ 600,496 417,174 183,806 2,592 542,051 603,000 31,007 7,444 1,863
Iowa__________ 036,704 547,268 82.870 4,671 004,001 583,18G 10,622 4,199 1,188
Missouri----------- 939,470 809,330 69,749 69,010 809,426 727,440 04,372 17,613 2,336
N orth Dakota___ 146,006 01,405 51,805 120 137,703 133,030 3,712 961 384
South Dakota___ 161,013 123,228 33,033 100 164,334 149,028 3,684 822 319
Nebraska.............. 342,999 279,629 67,817 3,700 326,970 310,419 7,292 2,268 777
Kansas................. 487,188 429,490 35,875 17,088 403,744 447,213 13,200 3,271 874
South Atlantic,.......... s , i n , m 2,401,398 132, ISO 074,692 3,243,652 3,064,048 148,808 30,666 7,621
Delaware.............. 69.092 44,331 7,060 7,082 54,040 52,234 2,016 690 201
Maryland............. 385,179 282,287 41,442 61,100 340,117 318,240 22,890 4,981 903
Dist. of Columbia. 126,654 83,700 11,580 20,996 84,003 74,049 6,805 3,449 465
Virginia................ 529,089 377,070 10,373 140,720 4G2,575 400,083 22,650 3,942 084
West Virginia----- 873,941 826,305 22,258 20,274 352,749 330,834 13,301 2,014 723
N orth Carolina— 044,033 467.087 3,7G2 180,128 014.292 58D, 546 21,844 2,903 1,218
South Carolina... 306,080 104,768 2,302 108,324 345, m 320,370 13,334 2,501 589
Georgia................. 662,793 300, 793 5,927 249, 942 602, m m , 5iC 3 2 ,4 1 1 6,517 1,213
Florida— ........... 370,400 230,451 20,894 110,361 350,243 832,547 13,067 4,039 1,320
East South Central— 2,273,359 1, 591,0BB 27,341 063,847 2, 127,637 2, 013,878 97,793 15,866 3,427
Kentucky______ 009,406 538,218 10,470 60,672 500.32£ 633,015 27,280 6,428 966
Tennessee______ 6 0 0 ,025 474,078 0,060 120,402 558,163 628,242 24,815 6 ,0 0 0 906
Alabama-............ 591,625 361,060 7,320 222, 533 664,50C 623,93t 27,270 3,8CC 844
Mississippi........... 471,704 217,143 3,479 260,240 448,490 428,080 18,422 1,982 662
West South Central— 2,866,262 2,000,970 81,770 604,918 2,686,296 2, 664,712 107,888 24,199 6,072
Arkansas.............. 438,630 310.328 5,074 123,009 410,881 403,206 14,005 2,021 645
Louisiana............. 485,303 270,508 10,648 100,876 468,38C 438,605 10, 334 8,481 1,051
Oklahoma______ 564,104 492,672 13,370 40,238 620,05£ 601,347 19, 09C 5,822 1,183
Texas__________ 1,380,090 087,402 40,778 210,705 1,281,876 1,211,606 5 6 ,990 13,375 3,193
Mountain................. 914,408 994,119 138,437 8,743 846,808 909,045 27,000 9, 603 4,148
Montana.............. 130,210 97,790 34,136 468 126.854 122,144 3,367 1,353 800
Idaho................... 108,044 91,910 14,381 220 102.992 09,808 2,510 G7G 472
W yom ing........... 50,887 45,001 9,221 418 63,5GG 61,509 1,005 455 286
Colorado............... 207,824 210,335 41,470 3,638 242,648 230,007 8,304 8,637 1,099
New Mexico____ 98,646 76,405 3,707 799 92,530 87, 921 3,824 785 279
Arizona................ 105,992 63,629 7,001 2,776 98,633 03,854 3,044 1,135 028
U tah..................... 116,930 92,-285 21,143 331 105,788 100, 743 3,787 1,258 816
N evada--............ 25,409 17,757 6,373 194 23,894 23,084 560 281 2G0
Paoiflc...................... 2,300,181 1,650,929 600,302 96,328 2,032,278 1, 941,320 67, 276 33,682 12,040
Washington____ 423,833 309,320 106,809 2,059 382,530 308,917 8,843 4,779 2,212
Oregon.............— 266,328 216.200 46,609 674 240,668 239,009 4,941 2,648 1,860
California______ 1,610,030 1,134,340 347,864 22,695 1,403,181 1,333,334 43,492 26,365 8,481
i Private families only, excluding 75,178 institutions, hotels, etc. Totals for all classes include "O ther
races''not shown.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, V o l VJ,

4 8 A R E A AN D PO PU L A T IO N
N o . 41.—F am ilies, by Size, by N umber of Children U nder 10 Y ears of
A be, and b y N u m b e r of Gainful W orkers (Including T hose T em porarily
U nemployed) : 1930
ITEM
All
classes
Native
white
NUMRER
Foreignborn
white
Negro
Other
races
All
classes
Native
white
PERCENT
Foreignborn
Negro Other
races
white
Alt families........ 2$, $04,093 20,968,80316,738,401 H, 803,756 395,633 166.0 100.0 100.0 300.0 m o
Families comprising—
I person.................... 2,357.403 1,537,193 438,214 338,114 45,942 7.9 7.3 7.0 13.1 11.6
2 persons.................. 6,882,836 6,068,897 1,126,051 730,812 60,075 'll A 24.1 19.6 25.4 35.2
3 persons................... a,22fl,61« 4,608,372 1,061,617 500,090 57,640 20,8 22.0 18,5 I?, e 14.5
4 persons.................. S, 284, AM 3,787,696 1,030,380 301,880 54,740 17,6 28.1 18.0 12.9 13.8
5 persons.................. 3, 574, 362 2,479,570 780,249 265,136 49,407 12.0 11.8 13,8 0.5 12.5
6 persons................. 2,273,30C 1, 514, 586 523,838 m , 720 41.156 7.8 7.2 0.1 6.9 10,4
T persons................. _ 1,393,356 802, m 328,553 141,140 31,841 4.7 4. S 5.7 5.0 7,9
8 persons___ _____ 842, 659 618,378 202,098 99,800 22,4QC 2,8 2.S 3.5 8.6 5.7
9 persons-.............. 493,174 291,999
272,068 153,564 118,872 67,807 14,896 1.0 1.4 2.1 2.4 3.7
lb parsons________ 66,198 43, 573 8,733 .9 .7 1.2 1.6 2.2
11 persons________ 138,815 74,183 34,567 25,411 4,675 .5 .4 A ,6 1,2
12 or more persons__ 115,405 56,074 27,859 20,584 4,008 A .a A .! 1.2
Families baring—
No children under 10. 17, 687,364 12,218,802 3, 544,03C 1,655,217 171,305 58. S 58. S 61,8 69. C 43.3
1 child under M....... 5,746,168 4,184,081 1,045,547 467,576 67,045 18.2 IQ A 18.2 16.7 17.2
2 children under 10.. 3, 525,307 2,542,041 630,07< 288,372 58,821 11A 12.1 11.1 10,5 14.8
3 children under 10.. 1, 787,89C 1,243,760 305, 50c 390,38C 48,043 6.C 5.9 5.3 6.5 12.1
4 children under 10.. 851, S7« 660,506 188,65? 121,107 31,70S 2.8 2.7 2 A 4.5 8.0
5 children under 10.. 811, On 188,425 50, m as, m 13,470 l.< .£ ,t 2.1 3.4
B or more.................. 96,106 53,172 15,892 22,725 4,517 .3 .5 Ac .5 1.1
Families haring—
No gainful workers.. 1,803,871 i, 327, an 371,311 86,227 18,657 6.0 «.{ 0.6 3.1 4.7
I gainful worker....... IS, 568,705 13,838,488 3,116,526 1,532,55J 260,161 62 A 65 J 84. { 54.7 i 65.8
2 gainful workers__ 6,321,8k A 201,458 1,288,825 75a m 72, 035 21,1 20.0 22.5 27.: 18.4
3 gainful workers.... 2,140,386 1, 263,185 559,771 250, &3i 26, 78! 7.2 6.1 10.5 8A 1 0.8
4 or more.................. 1,089,885 617,016 380,052 175,446 17,371 S.6 2, 5 6.3 8.3 4.4
No. 1 2 . — B o m b s , N o n f a r m , b y V a l u e o f M o n t h l y R e n t a l , b y R a c e a n d
N a t iv it y o f H e a d o f F a m il y , f o r t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1930
VALUE OR MONTHLY
RENTAL
Owned nonfam homes.
Value under $1,800..
$1,000 to $1,490........
$1,500 to $1,009........
$2,000 to $2,909.......
$3,000 to $4,999.......
$6,000 ta $7,499.......
$7,500 to $9,999........
$19,000 to $14,090...
$15,000 to $19,989...
$20,0 0 0 and over__
Not reported..........
Rented nonfarm homes.
Rental under $10.. .
$10 to $14................
$15 to $19.................
$29 to $29.................
$30 to $49.................
$30 to $74.................
$75 to $99................
$100 to $149.............
$150 to $19G.............
$200 and over.-.__
Not reported..........
Total...............................
Urban.....................
Rural-nonfarm.......
All
classes
Native
white
IQ.503,388 7,38M&7
' 794,724 484,442
570,047 409,054
531,277 391,222
1,167,325 852,063
2,343,789 1,675,141
2,297,029 1,608,879
980,468 687,099
908, 557 620,065
339, 535 235,363
354,337 267,927
209,318 152,201
NUMBER
Foreignborn
white
Negro
43,024 12,088
32,353, §49 8,282,235 2,683,875 1,290,697
3,563,952 899,403
1,330, Q27 80S,816
1,302,387 880,754
2,545,208 1,739,044
3,191,435 2.219,130
1,503,401 1,024,828
343,071 242,247
163,292 117,425
46,297 33,678
45,750 35,084
315,829 214,726
2,504,034
SO, 356
85,522
92,109
249,018
603,331
653,830
292,545
279,222
102,052
84,826
108,873
183,011
2 5 9 ,942
591,708
806,670
423,704
90,545
43,098
11,908
10,287
53,231
480,324
188,795
66,51ft
42,337
50,404
59,377
31,838
10, m
6,676
1,897
1,289
479,539
241,898
133,854
188,070
149,096
49,353
8,838
1,949
452
14?
37,402
Other
races
78,071
41,131
8,955
5, 609
6.S40
5,920
2,681
716
593
223
200
3,107
m , 842
76,137
85,302
21,837
26,289
16,539
5,510
3,442
910
359
232
10,380
Median * value of owned nonfarm homes
$4,776
5,743
2,661
$4,766
s ,m
2,775
$6,678
6,076
3,168
*1,641
1,948
0
m
n , Z0i
A)1
classes
100.0
7.6
5.4
5 .1
11.1
22.3
21.9
9.4
5.6
3.2
3.4
2.0
100.0
12.7
10.8
10.5
20.6
25.8
12.2
2.8
3.3
A
A
2.6
N a­
tive
white
100.0
6.6
5.6
5.3
11.5
22.7
21.8
9.3
8.4
3.2
3.6
2.0
100.0
10.0
10.5
10.7
21.0
26.8
12.4
2.9
1.4
A
A
2 .6
PERCENT
Foreignborn
Negro Other
races
white
100.0
3.1
3.3
3.6
9.7
23.5
25.5
a . 4
10.9
4.0
3.3
1.7
100.0
4.2
7.1
ZQ.l
22.9
31.2
16.4
3,5
1.7
.5
A
2.1
100.0 100.0
30.3 54.1
13.8 11.8
8.8 7.4
12.4 0.0
12.4 7.8
6.6 3.6
2.X ,9
1.4 .8
.4 .3
.3 .4
2.5 4.1
100. D 100.0
37.2 39.1
18.7 18.1
10.4 11.2
14.6 13.5
11.6 B, 5
3.8 2.8
.7 .7
.2 .5
(0 .1

PO P U L A T IO N — H O M ES 49
No. 4 3 .— Homes, N onfarm , O wned, b y V a lu e G ro u p s, b y S ta te s : 1930
N o t e.—T otals include homes w ith value u n k n o w n
V IV ISTO N AND STATE
All
owned
nonfarm
homes
Under
$1,000
$1,000
to
$1,499
NUMBER, OF HOMES WITH VALUE—
$1,500
to
$1,990
$2,000
to
$2,099
$3,000
to
$4,090
$6,000
to
$7,439
$7,500
to
$0,900
$10,000
and
over
Median
value1
United States— 10, SOS, 388 794, 724 570,047 581,277 1, 167,325 2,343,789 2,297,029 989,468 1,000,428 $4,778
New England........... 802,593 21,612 25,422 26,804 70,795 178,693 212,043 87,294 155,60S 6,834
Maine.................... 84,903 10,022 8,779 6,757 13,453 20,132 14,102 3,828 5, G32 3,233
New Hampshire.. 50,947 4,001 4,00C 4,103 8,905 14,717 8,860 2.323 2,95fi 3,533
Vermont............... 31,704 1,995 2,17C 2,092 4,82C 8,715 6,552 2,019 2,778 4.031
Massachusetts___ 415,619 3,832 7,344 9,650 30,893 92,975 120, 672 5 7 , 286 87,185 8,240
Khode Island........ 6 4 ,4 8 0 508 1,130 1.41C 4,62S 14,044 20, 210 8 , 637 12,420 G, 153
Connecticut-......... 154,880 1,264 1,990 2,302 8,005 28,210 42, 541 23, 201 44,722 7,013
Middle Atlantic____ 2, 6 2 2 , 747 63,674 64,369 87, 506 183,024 490,139 041,018 337,443 037,810 8,467
Now York............. 1,017,475 15,349 19,392 19,534 54,581 147, 484 243,443 161. 965 336, 250 7,492
New Jersey.......... 448,023 4,101 6.02C 6,635 22,523 71,045 113,442 70,042 147, 013 7,420
Pennsylvania........ 1,056,649 34,224 38,967 41,396 110,920 271, 610 284,131 106,435 154,338 5,206
East North Central__ 2,700,273 143,116 136,406 133,430 290,864 014,716 640,459 296,894 390,065 5, oaa
Ohio...................... 748,412 31,601 30,636 32,643 75,584 182,365 108,053 82,427 104,03C 5,201
Indiana-................ 347, 704 33,86C 28, 466 26,662 61,527 90,135 06,834 19, 63C 22,85C 3,054
Illinois................... 765,546 37,033 36,146 32,568 69,3G£ 141,756 170, 542 100,887 103,73S 5,887
Michigan............ 542,154 29,498 27,867 27,640 58,848 119,761 126,845 63, 528 70,90C 6,087
Wisconsin............. 296,457 11,123 12,403 14,017 35,52G 80,000 78,185 29,422 28,467 4,781
West North Central— 1, 132,096 94,780 87,760 86.660 177,380 804,831 220, 564 81,946 73,702 8,704
Minnesota............. 227,336 11,164 11,103 13,171 31,827 68,402 58,317 14,003 15, 261 4,207
Iowa-................... 233, 609 10,332 18,059 18,750 38,906 67,430 47,137 11,428 10,385 3,057
Missouri................ 800,093 28,770 22, 683 20,328 30,112 OS, 600 5 7 ,328 22,092 34,014 4 ,0 5 0
NorthDakota....... 35,880 4,719 4,036 3,675 6,382 8,301 5,172 1,126 1,087 2,762
South Dakota....... 39,997 3,797 3,573 3,603 7,477 10,708 6,575 1,544 1,401 3,180
Nebraska.............. 117,657 6,410 8, 426 9.191 20,648 36.105 23,133 6,534 5,690 3,717
Kansas................... 177,624 23,679 19,791 17,982 33,328 45,175 22,892 5,259 5,804 2,768
South Atlantic_____ 926,400 130,127 74,107 58,647 113,400 191,100 156,087 68,828 111, 963 3,740
Delaw are............. 24,063 1,180 1,149 1,224 2,779 5,822 6,245 2,411 2,785 4,878
Maryland.............. 176, 702 9,290 6,788 7,521 21,051 54,793 42,204 12,055 19,149 4,525
Dist. of Columbia. 47,190 78 211 249 850 3,435 0,698 12,287 19,400 9,240
Virginia................. .140,230 23,5S3 13, 024 10,071 19, 222 28,707 22,989 9, 906 16.425 3,392
West Virginia....... 103,802 11,108 8,088 7,008 15,292 23,308 17,775 5,915 10.490 3.020
North Carolina--- 185,375 23,787 14,794 12,030 19,735 24,814 10,722 6,288 13,680 2,763
South Carolina__ 66, 707 14,134 4,946 3,492 6,520 9,471 7,804 2,761 5,275 2,710
G eorgia............... 114,808 23,766 11,138 8,127 14,880 20,015 10, 215 6,247 10,631 2,860
Florida..... ............. 119,523 23,211 12,229 8,205 16,071 20,275 16,435 5,458 14,133 2,892
East South Central-- 463,271 89,775 46,557 36,186 61,887 80, 559 66,474 23,438 31599 9,84 4
Kentucky.............. 154,085 27, 568 13,582 10,450 18,864 31,350 26,877 9,294 12,355 3,268
Tennessee............- 138,660 23,502 14,119 11,907 19,605 28,377 19,146 7,333 10,565 2.903
Alabama________ 105,494 20,057 11,732 8,839 15,136 10,817 14,323 4,694 8,151 2,710
Mississippi............ 65,032 IS, 048 7,124 4,984 8,192 11,009 7,128 2,116 3,525 2,074
West South Central__ 716,962 152,932 66,222 63,231 100,760 152,040 92,187 28,773 60,376 2, 763
Arkansas............... 81,653 20,600 10,079 7,438 12,103 14, 017 7,834 2, 253 3J80 2,090
Louisiana.............. 111,071 27,970 9,826 7,281 12, GCS 19,336 15,069 5,895 10,617 2,730
Oklahoma............. 149,483 35,880 14,770 11,350 21,186 30,841 17,435 5, 246 8,973 2, 512
Texas..................... 374,755 68,482 31,547 27,162 54,792 87,256 51, 849 16, 370 27,290 2,998
Mountain.................. 306,747 64,007 28,027 24,278 46,859 60,809 41,884 10.843 13,467 2,694
Montana............... 39,378 8,177 4,705 3,893 0,579 8,041 4,416 1,136 1,386 2,3G4
Idaho__________ 32,095 5,900 3,922 3,140 5,964 7,593 3,176 622 773 2,433
Wyoming.............. 15,269 2,370 1,400 1,083 2,321 3,740 2 ,5 0 5 606 773 3,130
Colorado................ 96,552 13, 936 8,009 7,443 15, 263 24,275 15, 746 4,382 5,410 3, 200
Now Mexico......... 30,716 15, 090 2,312 1,650 2,724 3,760 2,370 662 916 «
Arizona--.............. 33,017 0, 361 2,796 2,295 3,844 6,249 4,179 1,167 1,814 2,303
Utah.......... ........... 50,730 5,932 4,078 4,389 9,100 14,712 7,695 1,444 1,684 3,'008
Nevada................. 8,990 2,641 716 470 1,064 1,539 1,207 374 705 2,541
Pacific....................... 932,297 44,702 41, 516 44,976 114,376 250, 623 225, 925 71,012 123,932 4,699
Washington........... 188,333 15.557 14,434 10,244 37,025 56,312 29, 445 6,133 9,337 3,310
Oregon.......... ........ 111, 762 9,186 8,217 8,442 10,160 35, 017 19. 770 4,415 5.907 3,574
California.............. 632,202 19,960 18,804 20, 290 58,191 159, 294 176, 701 60,464 108,888 5,491
*For definition of median, see note 1, table 22. 2 Less than $1,000.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. VI.

50 AJREA AND PO PU L A T IO N
N o. 4 4 .— -H o m e s , P a u m , O w n e d , b y V a l u e G r o u p s , b y S t a t e s : 1930
DIVISION AND
STATE
All
homos
on farms
opm ted
by owners
or
managers
Under
$1,000
$1,000
to
$1,409
NUMBER OP HOMES VALUED AT—
$1,600
to
$1,009
$2,000
to
$2,999
$3,000
to
$4,999
$5,000
to
$7,499
$7,800
to
$9,999
$10,000
and
over
Value Median
not reported
value*
United States___ 3, 824, 283 1, 589, 960 554,824 859,149 482,438 837,894 112,358 20,368 22,108 146,154 $1,135
New England____ 117,040 27,098 19,715 14,090 21, 539 18,382 7, 915 1, 658 1,928 4,720 1,832
Maine_________ 37,251 13,638 7,675 4,607 5,190 3,266 1,071 191 153 1,554 1,274
New Hampshire. H , 110 3,417 2,917 2,073 2, 758 1,640 467 00 104 644 1,596
Vermont............. 22,489 6,130 4,576 3,259 4,364 2, 634 760 111 120 545 1,541
Massachusetts... 2 4 ,15C 2,335 2,699 2,405 6,132 6,001 2,997 657 749 1, 281 2,799
Rhode Island___ 2,907 294 391 317 594 676 332 77 97 ‘ 129 2,652
Connecticut....... 16,127 1,284 1,557 1,629 3,495 4,165 2,298 527 705 567 2,976
Middle Atlantic__ 305,148 64, dm 58, 888 89,306 05,476 51, 739 20,173 3,852 4, 932 10,646 1,986
New York........... 138,693 22,482 24,088 17,970 30,869 24,507 9,619 1,823 2,429 4,807 2,076
New Jersey____ 21,430 1, 586 2,070 1,918 4,560 5,765 3,143 675 804 920 3,046
Pennsylvania__ 145,025 30, 918 27, 801 19, 499 30,047 21,467 7,411 1,354 1,699 4,829 1,792
E. N. Central.......... 702,625 201, 574 131, 705 84, 812 185,345 87,826 23,542 3,467 2,933 21,322 1, 539
Ohio................... 161,692 45,945 3L458 22, 504 31,085 IS, 882 4,866 737 674 5 ', 541 1,515
Indiana............... 120,006 46,088 26,329 10, 25S 19.281 10,641 2,562 322 326 4,688 1, 275
Illinois................. 122,015 97,332 20,925 13,032 20,197 17,200 7,224 1,343 1,113 3,648 1,536
M ichigan,.. . . . . 143,177 4 0 ,26G 29.203 21, 372 27,720 15,737 3,446 497 466 4,400 1,498
Wisconsin........... 148,040 31,343 23,730 21, S44 37,053 25,465 5,444 568 354 3,046 1,910
W. ST. Centra.!____ 688,586 2Q3, m 117,383 84,414 11B, 256 88,032 29, 604 4,781 3,058 19,496 1,521
Minnesota.-....... 127,617 33,635 21,278 17, 972 27, 421 10,122 4, 722 544 258 2,764 1,712
Iowa_______ _ 113,313 12,828 15,474 14,507 27,032 26,416 11,086 1,979 1,160 2,771 2,459
Missouri.......... ... 166,864 78,580 32,553 18,06£ 18,765 10, 258 3,089 561 570 4j425 1,041
North D akota.,, 50, 575 16,529 9,263 6,45C 8,289 5,868 1,663 247 131 2t 135 1,415
South D akota.-. 40,063 15, 742 7,191 5,501 7,930 5,731 1,898 245 137 1,677 1,448
Nebraska........... 68,438 13,678 11,813 9,372 14,135 11,730 4,432 741 466 2,070 1,910
Kansas................ 95, 716 32, 770 19,808 12,479 14, 684 8, 907 2,614 464 330 3,654 1,335
South Atlantic........ 548,804 324, 034 74,112 89,774 43,429 27,475 10,163 2,827 3,454 24,126 782
Delaware............ 6, 425 1,969 1,470 802 906 680 310 45 88 ‘ 156 1,397
Maryland........... 31, 702 9, 217 5,064 3,637 5,555 4,512 1,765 410 74u 862 1,661
Dist. of Col......... 80 2 7 7 10 19 14 6 g
Virginia_____ _ 122, 640 63,166 17,312 10, 744 12,885 9,165 3,773 897 1,330 3 ,3D8 941
West Virginia__ 67, 294 39,392 10,377 5,543 5,528 2,929 839 197 194 9,' 296 810
North Carolina.. 142, m 9 3 ,84S 19,79£ 9,771 8,510 3,941 1,064 247 270 4'648 700
South Carolina-. 55,163 37,240 6,406 3,161 3,280 1,953 '741 158 233 1,893 605
Georgia............... 81,298 56,436 9,722 4,21? 4,077 2,172 722 142 217 3j 506 617
Florida.. ___ 42, 229 22, 760 3,865 1,896 2,678 2,104 935 225 374 7,392 073
E. S, Central.-....... 408, 238 343,714 48,580 21,169 20,499 11, 762 4 ,08Q 899 1,310 16,233 512
Kentucky______ 158,078 112,794 15,36? 7,245 7,958 5,114 1,849 407 '621 6,311 (J)
Tennessee--....... 132,137 02,772 15,057 7,286 6,634 3,540 1,089 251 347 4,259 598
Alabama............. 90,975 70,912 9,008 3,447 2,865 1,472 512 111 125 2,523 (J)
M ississippi,.. _ 87,046 67,320 7,746 3,179 3,042 1,636 630 130 217 3,140 (>)
W. S. Central-.. ... 415, 903 263,036 65,574 29,407 28,222 15,082 4,204 879 1 ,1Q8 18,411 711
Arkansas............ 89,643 71,186 8,332 3,201 2,291 1,042 321 68 105 3’ 117 (i)
Louisiana............ 53,894 39,914 6,186 2,312 2,331 1,463 584 110 189 l! ROR 540
Oklahoma_____ 78,537 47,571 11,928 6,062 5,547 2,795 755 171 196 3! 5i2 761
Texas................... 193, 829 104,385 30,129 17,832 18,050 9,762 2,544 530 618 0,979 879
Mountain............... 182,488 97,391 22,581 13,547 16,990 11,626 3,628 611 714 15, 400 806
Montana........... 35, 807 21,680 4,587 2,511 2,951 1,858 645 94 114 1 427 719
Idaho_________ 31,115 14,570 4,665 3,015 3,780 2,388 644 82 62 1' onn 1,004
Wyoming............ 12,491 7,624 1,495 820 948 640 254 50 100 551 ' 702
Colorado........ 39,264 1 9 ,60C 5,46? 3,336 4,198 2,882 918 169 165 2,533 921
New Mexico.___ 25, 074 18,369 1,571 605 846 498 160 37 60 2,838 (1)
Arizona______... 11, 842 6,087 1,005 637 84? 747 266 67 118 2’ 007 685
Utah.................... 23,838 8,226 3,357 2,27c 3,067 2,250 561 72 52 3‘, 980 1,254
Nevada___ ____ 2,997 1,235 378 251 343 363 180 40 43 164 i;240
Paoific.................... 215, m 74,616 31,206 22, 550 32,682 25,991 9,149 1,899 2,671 14,800 1,414
Washington____ 58, 826 24,453 9,857 6,591 8,315 5,298 • 1,437 257 211 2] 407 \ 191
Oregon.......... 46,368 19,912 7,417 5,126 6,317 4,219 1,113 169 183 1,804 1,187
California-.......... 111, 274 31,050 13,932 10,830 18,050 16, 474 6,599 1,473 2,277 10, 589 1,747
• 1For definition, of median, see note 1, tahlo 22. J Leas than $500,
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; special report on Farm Dwellings.

POPULATION— -HOMES 51
No. 4 5 .—H omes, N onfarm, R ented, by Monthly-Rentai, Groups, by
States: 1930
K o t e .— Totals include homes with monthly rental unknown
DIVISION a n d
STATE
Ail rented
nonfarm
homes
Under
$10
*10 to
$14
*15 to
*10
*20 to
$29
$30 to
*49
$50 to
$74
$75 to
$60
$100
and
over
NUMBER OF HOMES WITH MONTHLY RENTAL-
Median
rental*
United. States.. 12,351, 549 1,563,962 1, 330,927 1,302,387 2,545,208 3,191,486 1,503,401 343,071 255,339 $27.16
NVw England--- 1,025, 519 46,608 102,656 189,308 299,291 309,949 87,810 IB, 39 B 11,349 27.29
Maine............. 70,427 10,062 12,87C 13,093 18,942 11,003 2,095 288 108 19.35
N. Hampshire. 51.40C 5,945 10,445 11,194 14,095 7,081 987 114 64 18.83
Vermont......... 31,673 4.88S 6,642 6,037 8,394 4,487 739 82 38 18.46
Massachusetts. 665,87C 13,80S 45,20E 05,684 160,224 196,25( 69,608 11,683 7,748 29.70
Rhode Island 95.644 4,39C 11,465 16,005 33,588 22,660 4,605 1,021 797 24.49
Connecticut.,- 210,606 7,628 10,125 26,095 64,047 68,478 19,822 3,208 2,534 28.41
Mid. Atlantic—-. 3,382,819 128, lz6 194,826 274,996 677,338 1, 103,907 634,017 150,537 141,611 36.84
New York___ 1,923,410 30,346 70,886 121,993 331,529 030,309 465, 802 109, 740 112,880 41. 94
New Jersey.-- 496,802 7,582 19,523 35,4 0 7 110,029 187,412 93,740 19,485 12,825 37.49
Pennsylvania- 963, 607 90,197 104,417 117,596 235,180 280,126 84,475 21,306 15,930 20.01
E. BT. Central__ 2, 542, 67S 157,675 219,987 257,832 520,036 729,137 448,748 109,407 67,296 32. 58
Ohio............... 690,692 41,400 64,998 79,706 170,342 227,370 76,180 14,646 7,998 20.08
Indiana........... 286,426 33,858 44,814 44,020 69,071 65,116 18,94ft 2,840 1,461 22.47
Illinois______ 906,619 44, 905 64,312 77,373 149,311 220, 918 221,046 60,898 37,131 39.69
Michigan....... 440,777 23,545 25,043 29,887 79,151 149,617 100,701 17,17C 8,207 37. 90
Wisconsin...... 218,069 13,961 20,820 26,156 62,161 00,116 20, 971 5, 007 2,419 28.70
W. N\ Central--- 1,003,989 109,162 150, 613 160,178 229,613 239,368 76, 967 14, 368 8,818 23.43
Minnesota___ 182,867 11,855 20,327 26,451 45,275 53,113 18,118 2,600 1,303 26.83
Iowa............... 172,445 16, 669 29, Oil 29,701 44,415 38,521 8,649 1 ,1 2 8 416 22.00
Missouri......... 357,810 44, 665 48, 532 45,842 71,973 00,140 34,334 8, SU 6,010' 24.99
N. Dakota___ 29,680 3,061 5,037 4,641 6,113 6,342 2,556 203 67 22.08
S. Dakota....... 35,746 3,660 6,476 0,594 8,376 7,339 1,841 136 78 20. 68
Nebraska___ 88,986 8,048 14,601 14,782 21,080 20,264 5,693 892 497 22.61
Kansas........... 136,466 21,304 26,630 22,107 32,275 23,634 4,707 584 251 19.03
South. Atlantic.— 1,377,451 479, 491 225, 425 140,525 208, 731 181,462 71,466 18,444 11,424 14.17
Delaware........ 23,497 2,966 2,587 2,742 6,691 6,294 2,013 398 248 25.58
Maryland....... 161,923 19,398 17,183 17,801 39,044 38,042 9,581 2,839 2,650 24.84
Dist.of Col--- 76,223 482 2,201 4,018 9,979 27,062 19,433 6,101 3,735 44.28
Virginia.......... 186,338 56,352 35,413 23,844 29,511 22,819 9,646 1,837 917 14.77
W . Virginia-- 176, 748 67,793 30,157 19,117 28,160 19,897 6,543 1,112 553 13.13
N. Carolina-.. 202,022 82,081 41,928 20,826 25,387 17, 233 6,692 1,299 574 11.90
S. Carolina__ 132,013 81,796 17,518 8,791 10,886 7,621 1,637 356 190 (>)
Georgia........... 242,642 110,845 42,466 22,868 25,803 20,287 8,303 2,002 962 10.70
Florida__ ..... 188,045 57,778 35,973 20,518 34,264 22,307 7,307 1,600 1,589 14.66
E, S. Central....... m , m 275,678 134, 637 73,443 00,025 85,742 23, 939 5,034 2, 663 13.21
Kentucky___ 196,527 62,760 36,933 23,506 32,400 23,816 7, 537 1,723 1,056 14.35
Tennessee....... 194,016 04,417 40,588 24,372 27,675 19,744 8, 635 1,949 801 13. 66
Alabama......... 205,076 100,576 38,917 17,780 19,993 14,374 5,125 960 623
Mississippi.__ 97,601 47,026 18,099 7,785 9,948 7,808 1,942 402 183
W. S. Central__ 954, S77 248,629 104,039 118,163 185,044 144,573 49, 736 8,063 4,687 16.92
Arkansas........ 103,324 42,708 19,201 10,297 13,802 8,783 2,084 304 200 11. 56
Louisiana__ 190,860 57,704 32,910 27,432 35,924 23,278 7,163 1,515 1,018 15.52
Oklahoma....... 188,301 36,058 32,042 22,816 39,717 36,461 11,914 2,317 1,100 20.07
Texas.............. 471,902 113,059 79,880 5 7 ,618 95,001 77,051 21,674 3,927 2,349 17.83
Mountain__ .... 334,641 57, 640 55, m 47,330 74, 038 03, 893 17, 634 2 ,8 2 6 1,882 19.98
Montana........ 45,186 6,099 7,441 0,747 10,634 9,328 2,604 323 179 21.31
Idaho.............. 31,993 5,666 6,657 5,243 7 ,4 5 7 4,823 897 89 80 17.99
Wyoming....... 23,293 3,161 4,550 3,770 5,062 4,495 1,000 129 93 19.53
Colorado......... 100,980 13,662 15,470 13,563 23,623 21, 700 Q, 540 1,185 725 22.38
New Mexico.. 31,222 11,314 5,110 3,272 4,766 4,066 970 118 98 13.46
Arizona........... 49,009 10,194 7,847 6,271 9 ,6 2 6 9,0 3 3 2,728 526 411 19.17
Utah............... 40,842 6,349 7,034 6,869 10,555 7,928 1,979 30C 158 20.70
Nevada........... 12,118 2,196 1,760 1,645 2,465 2,470 921 156 138 21.12
Paoiflo................. 1,036,901 61,144 82, 975 100,662 261,142 363,419 106,806 10,948 16,199 29.82
Washington__ 149,822 14, 885 20,223 22,356 39,331 33,43C 10,511 1,567 921 23.60
Oregon............ 93.093 13,143 14,009 14,681 24,2X2 19,641 4,248 56 C 474 21.61
California....... 793,986 33,116 48, 743 63,525 107,590 300,348 92,038 17,821 14,804 32.73
*Tor definition of median, see note i, table 22. 1 Less than $10.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tho Census; Fifteenth Census .Reports, Population, Vpl, VI,

52 AREA AND POPULATION
N o. 4f>.— H o m e s , F a r m , T e n a n t , b y V a l u e G r o u p s , b y S t a t e s : 1930
DIVISION AND
state
All tena
n t -
f a r m
h o m e s
Under
$ 1 ,0 0 0
$ 1 ,0 0 0
t o
$ 1 ,4 9 9
N U M B E R O F H O M E S VALU ED AT—
$ 1 ,5 0 0
to
$ 1 ,9 9 9
$ 2 ,0 0 0
to
$ 2 ,9 9 9
$ 3 ,0 0 0
to
$ 4 ,9 9 9
$ 6 ,0 0 0
to
$ 7 ,4 9 9
$7,600
to
$9,9 9 9
$10,0 0 0
a n d
o v e r
Value
n o t
r e ­
p o r t e d
Median
value1
United States__
New England........
Maine________
New Hampshire.
Vermont............
Massachusetts—
Rhode Island__
Connecticut___
Middle Atlantic.—
New York.........
New Jersey___
Pennsylvania...
E. N, Central____
Ohio...................
Indiana— .........
Illinois...............
Michigan_____
Wisconsin........
W. N, Central.......
Minnesota.........
Iowa..................
Missouri.......... .
North Dakota..
South Dakota-.
Nebraska..........
Kansas..............
South Atlantic...
Delaware.......
Maryland___
Dist. of Col— .
Virginia...........
West V irginia-
North Carolina.'
South Carolina.
Georgia.........
Florida..........
E. S. Central.
Kentucky..
Tennessee..
Alabama__
Mississippi
W, S. Central.
Arkansas.,
Louisiana..
Oklahoma,.
Texas.........
Mountain_______
Montana.........
Idaho................
Wyoming—.......
Colorado............
New Mexico___
Arizona,..........
U ta h ...............
Nevada...........
Pacific__________
Washington___
Oregon..............
California_____
1 , 7 4 2 ,6 5 1 2 3 3 , 0 6 1 1 8 7 ,1 6 5 1 5 9 ,6 7 6 8 7 ,7 7 3 8 1 ,7 1 6 3 ,0 8 8 2 , 398 2 7 7 ,0 4 8 «
t, aas 2 , 0 3 6 1 ,2 1 9 822 1 ,2 4 1 1 ,0 0 8 418 75 66 998 $ 1 , 613
1 ,7 5 5 731 3 0 6 144 157 107 2 7 4 2 2 7 7 1 ,0 1 3
796 2 6 8 1 4 4 07 114 07 6j 3 8 9 4 1, 2 8 8
2 ,4 0 9 694 4 5 5 310 4 7 0 268 8 2 14 10 1 0 0 1 ,5 0 4
1 ,4 4 2 1 9 9 161 112 249 2 6 2 1 2 6 17 27 2 9 9 2 , 4 4 0
415 5 6 54 53 71 79 2 9 4 4 6 5 2 ,1 6 9
1 ,0 6 8 9 0 1 0 9 106 180 226 148 3 3 20 157 2 , 8 3 6
6 8 ,4 6 6 7, 996 8, 652 6 ,5 1 7 1 1 ,4 1 7 8 ,9 7 3 3 ,0 9 9 481 508 4 , 8 1 2 2 ,0 5 8
2 1 ,1 1 3 3 , 1 2 6 3 ,7 0 8 2 ,7 1 9 4 ,7 4 8 3 ,4 4 4 1 ,1 6 3 2 0 2 2 2 7 1 ,7 7 6 2 ,0 2 4
3,048 278 4 2 8 351 869 956 4 0 8 74 8 5 5 0 0 2 , 7 6 8
27, 394 4 , 5 9 2 4 ,5 1 6 3 ,4 4 7 6 ,8 0 0 4 ,5 7 4 1 ,5 2 8 205 196 2 , 5 3 6 1 ,9 8 2
263, 977 72, 0 9 4 5 1 ,0 4 4 8 7 , 019 5 0 ,6 4 3 2 9 ,0 1 5 6 ,6 3 7 7 9 0 677 1 6 ,1 5 8 1, 510
5 7 ,6 0 4 1 4 ,9 6 4 1 1 ,6 4 8 8 ,7 8 4 1 1 ,2 6 4 5 ,6 6 0 1 ,0 6 6 135 9 6 3 , 9 8 8 1 , 511
64, 676 1 9 ,0 0 9 1 1 ,4 8 8 7 ,2 2 0 8 ,1 6 4 3 ,6 3 8 705 9 7 8 0 4 ,1 7 4 l j 2 6 9
9 2 ,4 8 2 2 5 ,7 8 3 1 7 ,4 3 2 1 1 ,9 0 0 1 7 ,4 1 2 1 1 ,5 1 2 3 ,3 3 8 4 2 9 302 4 ,3 7 4 I ! 5 3 5
2 6 ,1 9 5 6, 6 5 2 5 ,0 6 6 3 ,9 7 4 6 ,1 6 9 2 ,0 4 9 538 5 9 52 1 ,8 3 7 i ; 571
3 3 ,1 2 1 5 , 7 8 6 5 ,4 1 1 5 ,1 4 1 8 ,0 3 4 5 ,2 5 6 991 70 4 7 i ; 7 8 5 i ; 935
4 4 4 ,1 6 9 166, 6 1 1 8 3 ,1 4 1 5 5 ,8 4 9 6 5 ,4 1 4 3 4 ,2 7 0 7 ,6 8 4 981 515 3 0 ,7 2 4 1, 2 4 7
57, 638 1 4 ,3 6 6 1 1 ,1 7 3 9 ,8 0 2 1 2 ,4 4 0 5 ,9 8 8 9 8 6 84 40 2 ,7 0 0 L 597
101, 615 1 8 ,1 0 1 1 0 ,5 3 9 1 6 ,3 4 4 2 3 ,3 7 6 1 4 ,9 6 0 3 ,7 3 9 4 7 0 2 4 8 4 ,8 5 8 i ; 829
8 9 ,9 7 6 5 2 ,4 5 1 1 3 ,7 1 2 6 ,9 5 7 6 ,1 0 2 2 ,6 1 2 628 8 8 59 6 ,6 0 7 7 6 3
2 7 ,4 0 0 11, 2 9 6 5 ,1 3 3 3 , 064 3 ,2 6 2 1 ,5 5 6 342 38 28 2 ,6 8 1 1 ,1 0 4
3 7 , 0 9 4 1 4 ,0 0 8 6 ,9 7 0 4 ,7 6 4 5 ,1 8 2 2 ,4 2 7 502 64 24 3j 144 1,213
6 1 ,020 20, 5 8 3 1 3 ,2 2 2 8 ,2 1 0 9 ,1 0 2 4,4 4 8 1 ,0 7 2 1 3 6 4 ,1 6 3 i ; 2 9 6
70, 3 2 6 34, 8 0 7 1 3 ,3 8 3 6 ,7 0 8 5 ,9 5 0 2 ,3 7 9 515 82 51 6 ,4 5 1 9 3 3
509, 574 401, 7 0 8 2 6 ,3 0 2 10, 570 9 ,4 0 3 4 ,9 6 6 1 ,4 8 7 2 8 3 310 54, 545 (2)
3 , 2 8 2 1 , 0 0 3 6 6 5 327 444 320 133 13 14 '3 6 3 1 ,3 4 3
11, 4 4 L 3, 6 6 3 1 ,7 6 5 1 ,2 2 2 1 ,9 3 7 1 ,3 5 7 4 2 8 8 0 9 5 8 9 4 1,458
24 6 3 1 5 7 1 1
4 7 , 9 7 0 3 1 ,5 2 5 4 ,1 4 6 2, 212 2 ,3 0 3 1 ,4 3 4 4 0 2 0 8 123 5 ,6 3 7 (2)
1 5 ,3 4 7 1 0 ,8 8 1 1 ,3 9 3 693 645 349 76 14 20 1^ 2 7 6 m
137, 615 1 0 8 ,6 6 4 8 , 6 9 7 3 ,0 1 7 1 ,8 7 9 622 131 2 2 27 14', 5 5 6 (3)
102, 708 8 7 ,5 7 3 3 ,1 7 9 1 ,0 8 0 867 3 6 4 97 24 18 9 ,5 6 0 (»)
1 7 4 ,3 6 0 1 4 6 ,8 8 8 5 ,8 9 6 1 ,8 0 0 1 ,1 2 0 3 9 0 97 2 5 10 1 8 ,1 6 4 (a)
1 6 ,7 3 7 1 1 ,5 0 5 5 5 8 212 203 123 3 2 6 3 4 ,0 9 5 (>>
693, 978 493, 5 8 3 14, 758 5 ,2 2 8 4 ,3 9 0 2 ,1 4 4 621 120 113 7 3 ,0 7 6 (i)
8 8 ,4 2 1 6 2 ,1 4 3 4 , 8 3 4 1.95C 2 , 00C 1 ,0 8 6 326 59 59 1 5 | 0 5 6 G)
1 1 3 ,6 2 0 8 0 ,2 3 8 4 , 8 7 6 1 ,8 4 3 1 ,3 7 5 614 173 3 5 26 1 5 ' 3 3 8 (i)
1 6 0 ,4 2 0 146, 3 7 2 3 ,0 5 8 S6C 561 248 58 17 11 1 5 ’ 2 3 5 (j>
2 2 5 ,6 1 7 1 9 5 ,7 8 0 1 ,9 8 6 575 442 197 64 9 17 26i 5 4 7 (’>
6 8 7 ,2 3 1 6 4 3 ,3 0 0 3 3 ,7 2 8 1 8 ,0 5 5 8 ,4 6 4 2 ,9 2 5 597 153 124 8 4 ,8 0 2 (*>
.102,691 128, 3 0 3 2,952 84£ 472 2 0 7 4 0 13 11 1 9 ,8 3 6 (3)
1 0 7 ,5 5 1 9 4 ,2 7 9 1 ,5 1 7 532 443 209 62 2Q 13 10i 4 7 0 (2)
126, 329 9 9 ,1 3 0 7 ,9 3 4 2 ,8 7 7 1 ,8 5 1 722 168 34 31 1 2; 5 8 8 (i)
3 0 1 ,6 6 0 2 2 1 ,6 7 8 2 1 ,3 2 0 8 ,7 9 6 5 ,6 9 8 1 ,7 8 1 330 86 69 4 1 i 9 0 2 ( ’)
5 8 ,8 2 6 3 4 ,7 3 6 7 ,8 5 3 3 ,9 4 1 3 ,7 8 5 1 ,8 4 1 463 89 62 6 ,5 7 6 6 8 2
1 1 ,6 2 8 7 ,6 4 9 1 ,3 1 4 623 842 295 90 1 0 10 9 9 5 5 5 7
1 0 , 559 6 ,7 8 0 1 ,5 7 2 854 813 385 8 4 10 10 1 ,0 5 3 8 0 1
3,520 2 ,1 9 3 459 223 219 101 3 8 7 6 '2 7 4 ftftK
2 0 , 692 1 1 ,1 9 6 2 ,9 6 4 1, 707 1 ,5 9 9 736 171 26 22 2 ,2 7 2 8 0 0
6 ,3 3 0 4 ,8 0 1 3 5 8 164 119 6C 2C 5 2 7 9 5 C)
2,331 1 ,3 5 4 254 12f 122 78 26 5 7 359 6 3 4
3 ,3 2 1 1 ,5 6 7 358 222 234 138 21 4 3 774 789
445 1 9 6 7 4 22 37 43 13 2 2 56 991
4 6 ,2 7 0 2 1 ,1 4 5 6 ,8 7 4 4 ,1 5 6 4 ,8 1 9 2 ,6 3 1 709 168 m 5 ,8 5 7 9 5 2
1 2 ,0 7 8 6 ,0 6 3 1 ,9 0 7 n o t 3 ,2 2 5 648 13E 2 8 17 0 4 5 914
9 ,7 9 0 4 ,8 5 1 1 ,6 4 8 9 8 1 1 ,0 0 7 439 107 20 10 729 935
2 4 ,4 0 2 1 0 ,5 3 1 3 ,3 2 1 2 ,0 6 9 2 ,5 8 7 1 ,5 4 4 463 108 96 3 ,0 8 3 6 8 3
1For definition of median, see note 1, table 22$ 2 Less than $500.
.Source; Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; special report on Farm Dwellings.

POPULA TIO N — ILLITERACY 53
N o. 4T.—I lliteracy or P ersons 10 Years op Age and Oyer, by R ace,
Nativity, and Sex, by Geographic Divisions: 1930
N ote.—For definition of urban population, see table 9. Illiteracy in this and subsequent tables is defined
as inability to write in any language, regardless of ability to read, Percents represent proportion
illiterate in the total number of persons of given class and age
DIVISION, SEX, AND
AGE
ALT, CLASSES 1
Number
NATIVE WHITE,
NATIVE
PARENTAGE
Number
NATIVE WHITE,
FOREIGN OR
MIXED
PARENTAGE
Number
FOREIGN-BORN
WHITE
Number
NEGRO
Number
Percent
Percent
Percent
Percent
Percent
United States, 1920 a__ 4,931,905 6.0 1,109,875 2.6 132,697 0.8 1,703,740 13.1 l, 842, 161 22.9
10 to 20 years......... 598,794
21 years and over.. 4,333, 111
Urban, total.......... 2, m , 1 1 2
Rural, total........... 2,976,793
2.7
7.1
4 . 4
7.7
171,504
938,311
155, 4 9 3
964,382
1.3
3.0
.8
3.8
30,339
102,358
55,620
77,077
United States, 1930„_ 4, 283, 753 4.3' 9B0; 469 T s J 116,666 1,304,084 9.9 1, 513,892 16. 3
Males.................... 2 ,1 0 8 ,2 9 3 4 . 4 5 7 7 ,3 1 2 2.1 62, 736 .6 573,977 8.1 801, 940 17.6
Females................ 2,085,460 4.8 409,157 1.5 53,929 .5 730,107 11.9 711, 943 15.1
10 to 20 years ___ 420,538 1.0 131,151 .8 17,015 .3 7,582 1.3 207, 242 7.5
21 years and over . 3,803,215 6.8 855,318 2 .2 99,660 .7 1,290,502 10.3 1,306,650 20.0
Urban, to t a l.................. 2, 300, 804 3 .2 163,227 .6 60,369 .4 1,058,845 10.0 395,840 9.2
10 to 20 years......... 65,863 ,5 17,056 .2 9, 061 .2 6,325 1.3 22,550 2.3
21 years and over.. 1,734,741 AO 146,171 .7 60,708 .5 1,052,520 10.4 373,293 11.2
Rural, total............... 8,483,149 6.0 823,242 3.0 56,296 1.0 245,2S9 9.4 1,118,043 22.4
10 t o 2 0 y e a r s ___ . m , m 2.8 114,005 1.3 7,354 .5 1,257 1.5 184,686 10.3
21 years and over.. 2,128,474 7.3 709,147 3.8 48,942 1 .2 243,082 9 .0 933,357 2 9.2
New England......... 245, 270 3.7 14,080 .6 16,049 .7 210,046 11.0 4,187 5 .5
10 to 20 years......... 5,460 .3 1,934 .3 2,415 .3 1,000 1.1 83 .5
21 years and over.. 239,810 4.7 12,140 .7 13, 634 .9 209, 046 12.1 4,104 7.0
Urban, total_____ 198,234 3.8 4 ,903 .3 9,998 . 5 170,423 11,0 3,089 4.7
Rural, total........... 47,036 8.1 9,177 1.1 6,051 1.6 30,623 11.5 1,098 u .o
Middle Atlantic____ 757,228 3 .5 52,050 .6 80,693 .6 686,479 12.2 32,223 3,7
10 to 20 years.. ... 19,062 .4 6, 564 .3 6,715 .3 4,307 1.8 1,275 .7
21 years and over.. 738,166 4.5 45,486 .7 23,978 .6 632,172 12.7 30,948 4 .4
Urban, total........ 621,593 8.7 23^ 135 .4 21,245 .4 546, 551 11.9 25,644 3 .3
Rural, total........... 135,635 2.9 28; 915 1.0 9,448 1.0 89,928 15.0 6,570 7 .3
East North Central__ 442,004 2.1 79,697 .7 30,587 .6 281,646 8.8 30,454 4.7
10 to 20 years......... 13,607 .3 7i 424 .2 3,305 .2 1,337 1.0 779 .5
21 years and over.. 428,457 2.7 79,, 973 .9 27,282 .7 280,308 9.2 35,675 5.7
Urban, total____ 315,740 2.3 97j 727 .4 14,882 .4 232,547 8.8 30, 204 4.3
Rural, total........... 126,318 1.9 51,970 1.1 15,705 1.1 49,008 8.9 6,250 9.3
West North Central.. 156,063 1.4 .a 15,562 .5 51,982 4.9 21,170 7.6
10 to 20 years......... 9,771 .4 R*911 .3 1,572 .3 222 1 .0 845 1.5
21 years and over.. 146,297 1.8 1.1 13,990 .6 51,760 5 .0 20,325 9.2
Urban, total_____ 63,093 1.4 .5 6,182 .4 28,156 5.6 12,930 5.9
Rural, total........... 02, 075 1.5 40,' 922 1.1 10,380 .6 23,826 4.3 8,234 14.1
South Atlantic_____ 1,012, 523 8.9 3.6 4,202 .8 31,328 10.4 682,056 19.7
10 to 20 years........ 1 5 8 , 1 8 2 4 . 1 1.7 483 .3 180 1.6 109,534 9.6
21 years and over.. 859,341 10.2 4.9 3,719 1.0 31,148 10.8 552,521 25.0
Urban, t o t a l ______ 2 2 0 , 7 2 9 4.7 1.4 2,228 .6 21,604 9.8 157,917 13.2
Rural, total........... 791,794 10.5 271,791 5.3 1,974 1.5 9,724 12.1 504, 138 23.2
East S o u t h Central... 7 2 7 ,8 8 1 0.6 5.1 2,078 1.2 4,238 7.4 452,082 22.0
10 to 20 years......... 98,970 4.2 2.3 137 .5 18 1.1 59,563 0.2
21 years and over.. 628,891 12.0 6.3 1,941 1.3 4,220 7.0 392,519 28,0
Urban, total......... 121,549 5.4 1.7 740 .6 2,721 6,6 93, 019 14.8
Rural, total........... 006,312 11.5 243; 097 0.4 1,332 2.8 1,517 9.6 359,063 25.2
West South Central__ 675,791 7.2 2.7 10,181 2.0 15,958 9.4 302,280 17.0
10 to 20 years........ 101,159 3.6 1.2 1,150 1.1, 91 2.0 35,062 6.5
21 years and over.. 574,632 8.7 3.3 9,031 2 .2 15,867 9.6 267,218 21.0
Urban, total____ 157,892 4 .4 1.0 2,929 1.1 7,694 7,8 70,728 11.4
Rural, total........... 517,899 8.9 140,072 3.7 7,252 3.0 8,864 u .6 231,552 20.0
Mountain. 120,868 4.2 1.5 2,816 ,4 15,962 6.0 1,070 4,1
10 to 20 years......... 13,462 1.7 .5 354 .2 93 1 .0 51 1 .1
21 years and over.. 107,404 5.1 2.0 1,962 .4 15,869 5.7 1,019 4.8
Urban, total_____ 22,478 1.9 .7 833 .3 6,622 4.9 622 3.4
Rural, total........... 98,388 5.7 22,119 2.1 1,483 .5 9,440 6 .2 448 6 .8
Pacific.................... 140,082 2 .1 .3
9,917
4,997 .3 56,446 4.9 2,371 3.1
10 to 20 years......... 5,865 .4 .2 884 .2 334 .6 50 . 4
21 years and over.. 140, 217 2 . 6 .3 4,113 .3 56,112 5.1 2,321 3 , 6
Urban, total.......... 79,290 1.7
8,384
.2 2,326 .2 33,727 4.1 1,690 2.5
Rural, total........... 60,792 3.1 0,179 .5 2,671 .0 22,719 7.0 681 6,9
.0
.9
.5
1.4
56,595
1,707,145
1,327, 620
436,220
6.7
13.7
13.0
13.3
329,174
1,512,987
402,170
1 ,4 3 9 , 991
13.0
27.4
13.4
28.6
1Includes Indians, Chinese, Japanese, and other nonwhtte not shown separately,
J Figures for native white of foreign or mixed parentage and for foreign-born white in 1920 include
persons of the Mexican race who were given a separate classification in 1930,
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol, II.

54 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 48.—I l l i t e r a c y or P e r s o n s 10 Y e a r s o f A g e a n d O y e r a n d 21 Y e a r s
o f A g e a n d O y e r , b y R a c e , N a t i v i t y , a n d S e x , b y S t a t e s : 1930
NUMBER OF ILLITERATE PERSONS 10 TEARS OF AGE AND OVER
ILLITERATE PERSONS
OF VOTING AGE
DIVISION AND STATE
All classes i
Total Male Female
Native
white
Foreignborn
white
Negro Male Female
Continental U. S__ 4,283,763 2,198,293 2,085,460 1,103,134 1,304,084 1, 513,892 1,942,730 1,920,486
New England..____ 245, 270 110,237 135,033 30,129 210,048 4,187 107,180 132,621
Maine--................. 17,172 10,294 6,878 8,017 8,393 43 9,580 6,512
New Hampshire- — 10,231 5,341 4,890 2,366 7,820 27 5,166 4,772
Vermont................. 6,299 3,805 2,494 3,261 3,005 22 3,635 2,378
Massachusetts....... 124,158 52,936 71,222 9,652 111, 568 2,303 61,766 70,159
Rhode Island......... 27, 536 12,027 15,509 2,732 24,124 635 11,742 15,247
Connecticut........... 59,874 25,834 34,040 3,501 55,136 1,157 25,310 33,553
Middle Atlantic____ 757,228 337,076 420,149 82,743 638,479 82,223 827,861 410,815
New York.............. 388,883 165,262 223,621 34,654 341,345 8,604 160,435 218,745
New Jersey-.......... 128,022 57,051 70,371 11,672 107,192 8,711 66,065 68,867
Pennsylvania......... 240,323 114,160 126,157 36,517 187,942 14,908 110,851 123,203
East Horth Central__ 442,004 223,325 218,739 110,284 231,646 88,454 216,361 212,786
Ohio....................... 123,804 63,489 60,315 32,387 74,131 16,213 61,239 68,493
Indiana................ 43,721 24,609 19,112 22,510 13,536 5,605 23,605 18,442
Illinois.........-......... 153,507 73,953 79,554 28,284 108,884 10,044 71,750 77,748
Michigan............... 76,800 38,020 38,180 14,790 55,034 4,201 37,340 37,233
Wisconsin............... 44,232 22, 654 21,578 12,313 29,960 391 21,721 20,880
West North Central... 158,088 83,165 72,903 88,838 51,982 21,1 7 0 ' 77,263 69,084
Minnesota............. 26,302 13,185 13,117 7,244 16,759 160 12,428 12, 543
Iowa....................... 16,870 8,624 7,255 8,177 6,932 777 8,008 6,782
Missouri................ 67,905 3SU03 29,742 39,252 11,183 16,532 35,394 28,181
North Dakota........ 7,814 3,850 3,964 1,763 4,649 11 3,456 3,704
South Dakota........ 6,763 3,191 3,572 1,639 2,422 12 2,942 3,374
Nebraska............... 12,725 6,124 6,601 3,762 6,924 450 5,709 6,287
Kansas................... 18,680 10,028 8,652 7,001 4,113 3,228 9,326 8,163
South Atlantic............ 1, 012, 623 565,466 457,067 814,683 31,328 662,055 455,740 408,695
Delaware................ 7,805 4,160 3, C45 1,896 2,392 3,496 3,984 3,536
Maryland............... 40,010 26,987 22,923 13,202 11,539 25,073 25,105 21,807
Dist. of Columbia.. 6,611 2,827 3,784 533 1,411 4,591 2,741 3,715
Virginia.................. 162,588 93, 660 68, 922 65,482 1,738 95,148 78,805 61,645
West Virginia........ 62,492 38, 701 25,701 42,470 9,788 10,173 33,224 23,629
North Carolina___ 230,261 130,482 105,779 93,372 450 139,105 107,944 94,279
South Carolina....... 192,878 99,523 93,355 36,246 297 156,065 74,332 77,980
Georgia.................. 210,730 115,869 94,867 46,898 554 163,237 91,613 83,459
F lorida................ 83,242 45,151 38,091 14,478 3,150 65,167 37,998 33, 545
East South Central__ 727,861 405,309 322,552 270, ISO 4,238 452,082 342,070 280,821
Kentucky............... 131,545 77,834 63,711 101,695 1,267 28,553 66,858 48,047
Tennessee............... 145,460 84,489 60, 971 87,406 754 57,251 71,939 54,985
Alabama................. 251,095 133,645 117,450 60,959 1,335 188,673 110,665 103,359
Mississippi............. 199,761 109,341 90,420 20,070 882 177,605 92,708 80,430
West South Central__ 676,791 350,340 325,461 182,487 15,958 302,280 293,660 280,982
Arkansas................ 96,818 53, 666 43,152 35,890 666 60,102 45,541 38,656
Louisiana............... 219,750 109,745 110,005 71,903 6,677 139,393 93,624 97,725
Oklahoma.............. 51,102 30,114 20,988 27,796 1,479 12,560 26,141 18,946
Texas..................... 308,121 156,815 151,306 46,878 7,136 90,225 128,444 125,655
Mountain................... 120,866 57, 857 63,009 29,046 15,962 1,070 61,435 65,989
Montana................ 7,303 4,042 3,261 932 3,085 52 3,873 3,116
Idaho..................... 3,743 2,177 1,566 1,151 1,198 25 2,045 1,475
■Wyoming............... 2,895 1,074 1,221 381 811 47 1,541 1,102
Colorado................ 23,141 10,710 12,425 5,807 7,331 403 9,902 11,646
New Mexico.......... 41,845 18,329 23, 510 18,733 530 140 15,739 20,567
Arizona.................. 33,969 16,309 17,660 960 551 360 13,994 14,998
TJtah..................... 4,640 2,642 1,998 952 1,547 30 2,390 1,765
Nevada.................. 3,330 1,908 1,362 130 909 7 1,891 1,300
Pacific...................... 146,082 75,525 70,557 14,814 58,448 2,871 72,304 67,853
Washington........... 13,458 7,043 6,415 3,031 7,103 174 6,527 6,107
Oregon.................. 7,814 4,423 3,391 2,043 3,743 49 4,170 3,201
California............... 124,810 64,059 60,751 9,840 45,600 2,148 61,667 58,545
1The total includes 362,043 illiterate persons among the Mexicans, Indians, Chinese, Japanese, and other
aonwhite population.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. II.

POPULATION— ILLITERACY 55
No. i9 .— I l lite r a c y —P e rc e n t D is trib u tio n f o r T a b le 48
DIVI8ION AND STATE
PERCENT ILLITERATE AMONG PERSONS 10 YE AR8 OP AGE AND OVER
AH classes
Male
Native
white
Foreignborn
white
Negro
PERCENT
ILLITERATE
AMONG
PERSONS OP
VOTING AGE,
1030
Continental 17. S---------- 6.0
1920 1930 1930 1930 1920 i 1930 1929 ‘ £930 m o 1930 Male
tf*.
CO
Female
Female
4.4 4.S 2.0 l.fl 18.1 0.8 22.9 16,3 5.2 6.4
I7ew England..................... 4.9 S. 7 3.4 3.9 .7 .6 14.0 11.6 7.1 5.5 4.3 6,1
Maine........................ 3.3 2,7 3,2 2.1 1 6 1,6 111 8.5 5.0 4.8 3.9 2.7
New Hampshire............ 4.4 2.7 2,8 2.5 .7 .8 16,4 9.6 6.7 3.9 3.6 3.2
Vermont........................ 3.0 2.2 2.6 1.7 1 5 1.3 11.3 7.2 6.2 4.9 8.2 2.2
Massachusetts........— 4.7 8,6 3.1 3.9 A .4 12.8 10.7 6.8 5.4 4.0 6.0
Rhode Island................. 0.6 4.9 4.4 5.4 .7 .7 16.5 14.3 10.2 8.1 6.8 7.0
Connecticut................... 6.2 4.6 3.9 6,1 .4 .4 17.0 14.6 0.2 4.9 5.2 0.8
Middle Atlantic.................... 4.9 8.6 3.1 3.9 .6 .6 15.7 IS. 2 5.0 3.7 4.0 6.1
NewYork..................... 6.1 3.7 3.1 4.3 .6 .6 14.2 10.8 2.9 2.5 3,9 6 A
New Jersey.................... 6.1 8.8 3.6 4.2 .6 .5 15.3 12.9 6.1 5.1 4.4 5.5
Pennsylvania................ 4.0 3.1 2.9 8.3 .8 .6 18.9 15.4 6.1 4.2 3.9 4.4
East Worth Central_______ 2.9 2.1 2.1 2.2 .9 .7 10.8 8.8 7.8 4.7 2.7 2.8
O hio...................... ...... 2.8 2.3 2.3 2.2 .9 .7 12.6 11.6 8.1 0.4 2.0 2.9
Indiana—................ 2.2 1.7 1 8 1 5 1.3 .9 11.8 10.1 9.6 0.0 2.3 1.9
Illinois........................... 3.4 2.4 2.3 2.6 .8 .6 11.0 9.0 6.7 3.6 2.9 3.3
Michigan....................... 3.0 2.0 1 9 2.1 .7 5 9,0 6.7 4.2 3.0 2.4 2.7
Wisconsin...................... 2.4 1.9 1 8 1 9 .7 .0 8.4 7.8 4.1 4.4 2A 2.5
West Worth Central.............. 2.0 1.4 1.6 1.4 .9 .7 6.4 4.9 10.5 7.6 1.9 1.8
Minnesota..................... 1.8 1.3 1 2 1 3 .4 .4 5.4 4.3 8 .1 2.6 3.6 1.7
Tnwn 1.1 .8 .8 .7 .5 .4 4.0 3.6 8,1 5.4 3.0 .9
Missouri........................ 3.0 2.3 2.6 2.0 2.0 1.6 0.6 7. 5 12.1 8.8 3.1 2.5
North Dakota............... 2.1 1.5 1 4 16 .4 A 6.6 4.4 4.0 3.4 1.8 2.3
South Dakota................ 1.7 1.2 11 1.4 .4 A 4.7 3.7 6.2 . 2.2 1.4 1.0
Nebraska....................... 1.4 1.2 1 1 1.2 A .4 6.4 0.0 4.8 3.9 1.4 1.6
Kansas.......................... 1 0 12 1.8 1.2 .0 .5 10.5 6.8 8.8 6.9 1.6 1.5
South Atlantic................— 11.6 8.3 9.2 7.5 6.1 8.7 12.8 10.4 26.2 19.7 10.9 0.5
Delaware.-................... 6.9 4.0 4.2 8.8 18 1 2 17.3 14.3 19.1 13.2 5.2 4.0
Maryland.,................... 5.0 3.8 4.1 3.6 1.8 1.3 13.4 12.2 18.2 11.4 5.0 4.4
District of Columbia.— 2.8 10 1 4 1.7 .3 .2 6.1 4.8 8.6 4.1 1.7 2.1
Virginia.......................... 11.2 8.7 10.0 7.4 5.9 4.8 7,1 7.4 23.5 10.2 12.1 9.5
West Virginia................ 6.4 4.8 5.5 4.1 4.6 3.7 24.0 19.2 15.3 11.3 7.0 5.5
North Carolina............. 13.1 10.0 112 8.9 8.2 5.6 6.8 5.2 24,5 20.0 14.2 12.0
South Carolina___ ___ m i 14.9 15.8 14.1 6.5 5.1 fl.2 5.7 29.3 26.9 18.8 18.4
Georgia............... ;____ 15.3 9.4 10.6 8.3 5.4 3.3 5.4 4.0 29.1 19.0 12.5 10.9
Florida....................... 9.6 7.1 7.7 6.6 2.9 1 9 6.3 5.4 21.5 18.8 8.7 7.8
East South Central_______ 12.7 9.8 10.8 8.6 6.4 5.0 9.1 7.4 27.9 22.0 13.1 11.0
Kentucky...................... 8.4 0.6 7.7 6.4 7.0 5.7 7.3 5.8 21.0 16.4 9.3 0.8
Tennessee...................... 10.3 7.2 8,4 6,0 7.3 5.4 8.3 5.8 22.4 14.9 10.3 7.7
Alabama........................ 16.1 12.8 13.5 11.6 6.3 4.8 10.9 8.5 31.3 26.2 16.6 15.2
Mississippi.___ _____ 17.2 13.1 14.4 118 3.6 2.7 13.3 tz o 29.3 23.2 18.0 15.6
West South Central— ......... 10.0 7.2 7.3 7.0 4.1 2.0 29.9 9.4 26. 3 17.0 8.7 8.7
Arkansas........................ 9.4 6.8 7.4 6.2 4.6 3.5 8.3 6.6 21.8 16. 1 0.2 8.2
Louisiana....................... 21.9 13.5 13.6 13, 5 10.5 7.3 21.9 19.2 38.5 23.3 16,6 17. 2
Oklahoma...................... 3.8 2.8 3.2 2.4 2.3 1 7 14.0 5.6 12.4 9.3 3.9 3.1
Texas............................. 8.3 6.8 6.8 6.8 3.0 1 4 33.8 7.3 17.8 13.4 7.8 8,0
Mountain.............................. 3.2 4.2 3.7 4.6 2.0 1.2 12.7 5.6 5.3 4.1 4.6 6.8
Montana........................ 2.3 1.7 17 1.7 .3 .3 5.6 4.3 6.0 4.0 2.1 2.3
Idaho............................. 2.5 11 1.2 1.0 , 3 A 6.5 4.0 5.4 4.2 1.5 1.3
Wyoming....................... 2.1 16 17 1.6 ,3 .3 9.0 4.2 5.3 4.2 2.0 2.C
Colorado........................ 3.2 2.8 2.5 3,1 1.4 .8 12.4 8.G 6.2 3.0 3.1 3.9
New Mexico.................. 15.6 13.8 112 16.7 116 7.7 27.1 6.8 4.3 8.0 13.6 20.3
Arizona...............-........ 15.3 10.1 9,0 11.4 2,1 .5 27.5 3.6 4.6 4.0 10.4 13.7
Utah......................... 1.9 12 1.3 11 .3 3 6.3 3.G 4.6 3.2 1.7 1.4
Nevada.......................... 5.9 4.4 4.3 4.6 .4 .2 8.6 7.5 5.1 1.6 5.0 5.6
Pacific)................................... 2.7 2.1 2.1 2.1 .4 .3 8.6 4.9 4.6 S.1 2.5 2.6
Washington_____ -___ 1.7 1.0 i n 1,0 .3 .3 4.7 2.9 4.0 2.9 1.2 1.3
Oregon........................... 1.6 10 10 .9 .4 .3 6.1 3. Q 4.7 2.6 1.3 1.1
California..................... 3.3 2.6 2.6 2.0 .4 .3 10.6 5.7 4.7 3.1 3.0 3.2
1A part of the decreases from 1920 to 1930 in the percentage illiterate in some States is doubtless due to
the separate classification iij 1930 of Mexicans who were included in 1920 with the white population,
Source; Department Of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol, II,

5 6 A R E A AN D PO PU L A T IO N
No. 50 .— P o p u la tio n 10 Y e a r s o f A g e a n d O v e r — T o t a l a n d N u m b e r
G a i n f u l l y O c c u p ie d , b y S e x a n d A g e, C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s :
1920 a n d 1930
TOTAL MALE f e m a l e
YEAR ANP AGE
T o ta l
n u m b er
10 years
of age
an d over
G a in fu lly
occupied
N u m b e r
P e r ­
c e n t
T o ta l
n u m b e r
10 y ears
of age
a n d over
G a in fu lly
o c c u p ie d
N u m b e r
P e r ­
c e n t
T o ta l
n u m b e r
10 y e a rs
of ago
a n d o v er
G a in f u lly
o c c u p ie d
N u m b e r
P e r ­
c e n t
1890...................................
1900-..................................
1910................................
1920...............................
10 to 13 years ..
14 y e a rs ..................
15 y e a rs ..............
10 y e a rs .................-
I? y e a rs ...... ............
18 a n d 19 y e a rs ...
20 to 24 y e a rs ...-
25 to 44 y e a r s ___
45 to 64 y ears........
65 y ears and over.
U n k n o w n ..............
1930...................................
10 to 13 y e a rs........
M y e a rs ...................
16 y e a rs ................
16 y e a r s ........... ..
17 Years............... .
18 a n d 19 y ears. .
20 to 24 years ... .
25 to 20 years .. .
30 to 34 y e a rs ..
35 to 39 years.
40 to 44 years . ..
45 to 49 years... .
50 to 51 y e a rs ...
55 to 59 y e a rs____
00 to 04 y e a rs ____
65 to 69 y e a r s ___
70 to 74 y e a rs ____
75 years and over.
U n k n o w n _______
47, 413, 559 23,318,183
57,949,824 29,073,233
71,580, 270 38,167, 336
82, 739, 315 41,614,248
8,594,872 378,063
2,046, 265 257,594
1,861,445 425,201
1, 972, 958 778,957
1,855,173 933,691
3,740,980 2,246,203
9, 277, 021 5,930,467
31, 278, 522
17,030,165
4,933,215
148,699
08,723,047
9,622,492
2,382, 385
2, 295, 699
2,367, 315
2, 295,822
4,593, 279
1(1,870, 378
9, 833, 60S
9,120, 421
9, 20S, 645
7, 990,195
7,042,279
5, 975, 804
•1,645, 677
3,751,221
2, 770, 605
1,950,004
1,013,196
94, 022
18,906,959
9, 904, 654
1, 6S9, 737
72, 722
48,829,920
235, 328
157, 660
274,130
587,817
891,024
2, 542,213
7,147,053
6, 255,677
5, 567, 327
5, 619, 242
4, 881, 298
4,276,070
3, 555, 091
2, 640,064
1,950,528
1, 227,042
642,902
335,023
44,431
49.2 24, 352, 659 19,312, 651
50.2 29,703,440 23,753,830
53.3 37,027,558 30,091, 564
50. S42,289, 969 33,004,737
4.4 4,336,009 258,269
12.6 1,033,297 174, 683
22.8 925,679 281,306
39.5 976,834 501,134
50.3 926,033 602, 322
60.0 1,845,246 1,443,968
4, 527, 045 4,121,392
63.9
60.7
58. 2
34.3
48.9
16.028.920
9,114,960
2,483, 071
92, 875
49.5 49,949,798
2.4 4, 862, 291
6.0 1,206,486
11.9 1,154, 648
24.8 1.181.920
38.8 1,157,150
55.3 2,264,107
65.7 5, 336,815
63.6 4,860,180
61.0 4, 561,786
61.0 4,679,860
61.1 4, 136,459
60.7 3,671,924
59.5 3,131, 645
56.8 2,425,992
52.0 1,941, 508
44.3 1,417,812
33.0 991,647
17.5 915,752
47.3 51,816
15, 579, 586
8,552,175
1,492,837
57,075
38,077,804
162,260
110,839
187,643
386,511
577,983
1, 599,708
4,799, 505
4,714,266
4,454, 400
4, 571, 641
4, 036, 561
3, 509,094
2,996, 041
2, 256, 771
1,084,743
1, 072, 900
570, 233
295,616
31, 029
79.3 23,060,900
80.0 28,246,384
81.3 34, 552,712
78.2 40,449,346
6.0 4, 258, 863
16.9 1,012,968
30.4 935,766
51.3 990, 124
65.0 929,140
78.3 1,895,734
91. Q 4,749,976
97.2
93.8
60.1
61.5
15, 249,602
7,915,205
2,450,144
55,824
76.2 48,773,249
3.3 4, 760, 201
9.2 1,175,899
16.3 1,141,051
32.7 1,185,395
49.9 1,138, 672
70.7 2,329, 172
89.9 6, 533, 563
97.0 4, 973, 428
97.6 4, 558, 035
97.7 4, 528, 785
97.6 3,853, 736
97.2 3, 370,355
95.7 2, 844,159
D3.0 2, 219,685
86.8 1,809,713
75.7 1,352, 703
57. 5 958, 357
32.3 997,444
59.9 42,206
4,005, 532
5, 319, 397
8,075, 772
8,549, 511
119, 804
82. 911
143, S95
277, 823
331, 300
8Q2. 235
1,809, 075
3,417, 373
1,352, 479
196, 900
15, 647
10,752,116
73,008
46, 821
86, 487
201, 300
313, 042
942, 445
2,347, 548
1,541, 411
1,112, 927
1,047, 601
844, 737
706, 970
559, 050
383, 293
265, 785
254,142
72,060
39, 407
13, 402
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; 'Fifteenth Consus Reports, Population, Vol. V.
1 7 . 4
1 8 . 8
23. 4
2 1 . 1
2 . 8
8 . 2
15. 4
27. D
3 5 . 7
4 2 . 3
38. 1
2 2 . 4
17, 1
8 . 0
28. O
2 2 . O
1. fi
4 . 0
7. A
17. O
2 7 . fi
40. 5
4 2 .4
31. O
24. 4
23. 1
21. 9
21. O
10. 7
1 7 . a
1 4 . 7
1 1 . 4
7 . 0
4. 0
31. 8
N o . 5 1 .— G a in fu l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o f A g e a n d O v e r , b y S e x a n i> A g e
G r o u p s, by R ace and N a t iv it y , a n d by O c c u p a t io n G r o u p s , C o n t in e n t a l ,
U n it e d St a t e s: 1930
Note.—Percents represent the proportion which persons employed form of the total number of persons
of the specifier] class and age. For totals for all ages, seo table 50
SEX AND AGE
NATIVE WHITE
Number
EOREIGN-ROEN
WHITE NEGRO OTHER RACES
Number
Number
Number
Percent
Percent
Percent
Percent
Male........................ 27, 511, 862 73.4
16 to 13 y e a rs................... 91,449 2.2
14 a n d 15 y e a rs .-- ___ 205, 931 10.1
10 a n d 17 y e a r s ... ___ 772,196 38.6
IS a n d 19 y e a rs............... 1,314,411 68.9
2ft to 21 y e a rs.............. 3,875, 562 89.2
2n to 29 y e a rs............... 3,618,047 97.0
30 to 34 y e a rs..................... 3, 327, 876 97.6
35 to 39 y e a rs ................... 3,20), 217 97.6
40 to 44 y e a rs___ ___ 2, 702, 381 97.5
45 to 49 y e a rs.............. 2, 342, 080 97.1
50 to 54 y e a rs___ 1,999,902 95.6
55 to 69 y e a rs____ . . . 1, 550, 040 93. 1
60 to 64 y e a rs...... ............ 1,141,958 87.5
65 to 69 y e a rs .............. 727, 512 77.0
70 to 74 v e a rs ................. 410,154 59.4
75 yours and o v e r................ 205, 784 33.5
Unknown......... 19,353 53. 0
6,255,071 88.4
321 . 5
2, 202 6.3
24, 584 43.2
62,431 77.6
298, 518 93.5
504,561 97.9
639,702 98.3
876,374 98.2
942,067 98.0
859, 530 97.5
690,811 95.6
509, 352 91.9
■102,834 83.3
263,369 09.7
116,780 48.0
56,045 23.5
4, mo 82.0
3, 662, 898 B0.2 647,978 78.0
66. 323 13.3 4,167 4.8
83, 727 34.5 6,622 17.8
149, 853 01.2 17,861 47.1
190,823 81.7 32,103 76. f>
517, 707 93.5 107, 718 91.0
483, 423
403,804
418, 037 97.1 76,013 97. 2
329,762 97.2 61,751 97.2
314,200 97.2 S3, m 96.9
268, 330 06.7 36,998 05.3
160, 770 95. G 24, 600 92.0
96.6 108,235 96.0
96.9 83,018 96.8
123, 515 92.6 16,436 85.8
72, 6-46 • 87.7 9, 373 77.2
38, 786 76.2 4, 513 61.0
30,228 54.2 3, 559 41. &
4,959 70.2 1,727 77.0

P O P U L A T IO N — G A IN FU L L Y OCCUPIED 57
N o . 51.— G a i n f u l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o f A g e a n d O v e r , b y S e x a n d A g e
G r o u p s , b y R a c e a n d N a t i v i t y , a n d b y O c c u p a tio n G r o u p s , C o n t i n e n t a l
U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1930— Continued
SEX AND ARE
NATIVE WHITE
N um ber
FOREIGN-BORN
WHITE
Number
NEGRO
Number
OTHER RACES
N um ber
Percent
Percent
Percent
Percent
Fem ale...................... 7,681,608 20.5 1,156,056 IB. 8 1,840,642 33.9 03,910 16.2
10 to 13 years...................... 29.057 .7 105 .2 41,878 8.4 2, 028 2.4
14 and IS years................... 80.863 4.1 1,516 4.4 48,129 19.1 2, 800 7.6
16 and 17 years................... 403.308 20.6 22,001 38.6 81, 710 31.7 0 ,32S 17.4
18 and 19 years................... 762.322 39.5 57,002 64.5 113,542 41.5 8,889 23.8
20 to 24 years...................... 1,848,817 41.5 181,553 52.9 209,103 46. C 18, 075 21.6
25 to 29 years...................... 1, 106,705 29.0 154,198 30.5 267,688 40.0 12, 820 17.0
30 to 34 years...................... 769,781 22.3 122,865 20.6 210,157 46.9 10,124 10.8
35 to 39 years...................... 682,261 20.8 136,152 18.4 219,586 47.7 9,002 17.2
40 to 44 years...................... 546,023 20.0 124,165 17.0 ICO,355 47.8 7,204 17.9
45 to 49 years___________ 447,514 10.1 1DB, 431 16.0 144, on 48.0 6, 020 17.6
60 to 64 years...................... 362,804 18.2 89,029 15.0 103,328 45. 5 3, 880 16.7
55 to 59 years...................... 201,257 16.4 62,370 13.2 57,172 42.2 2,493 15.0
60 to 64 years...................... 176,139 14.0 46,237 10.8 41,711 38.3 1,698 13.2
85 to 00 years...................... 102,223 10.9 27,511 8.2 23,512 32.5 895 10.6
70 to 74 years...................... 18,758 7.1 12,152 5.6 11,328 23.5 431 7.9
75 years aud over............... 24,051 3.5 6, GGfl 2.7 8,272 13.2 40£ 5.4
Unknown............................ 8,725 28.1 1,420 37.3 3,143 47.1 114 15.9
SEX ANI) AflE
Agriculture
Forestry
and
fishing
Extraction
of
minerals
M anufacturing
and
mechanical
industries
Transporta­
tion and
com­
munica­
tion
Trade
Public
service
(not
elsewhere
classified)
Professional
service
Domestic
and
personal
service
Clerical
occupations
Male......... 9,502,059 260,140 983, 664 12,224,846 3,581,943 5,118,787 838,022 1,727,650 1, 772, 200 2,038,494
10 to 13 years___
14 and 15 years...
16 and 17 years...
18 and 19 years...
20 to 24 years___
25 to 29 years___
30 to 34 years___
35 to 39 years___
40 to 44 years___
45 to 49 years___
50 to 54 years___
55 to 59 years......
00 to 64 years___
65 to 69 years___
70 to 74 years-----
75 years and over.
Unknown.......... .
Female___
10 to 13 years___
14 and 15 years...
16 and 17 years...
18 and 19 years...
20 to 24 years.__
25 to 29 years___
30 to 34 years___
35 to 39 years___
40 to 44 years___
45 to 49 years___
50 to 54 years___
55 to 59 years___
60 to 64 years___
65 to 69 years.....
70 to 74 years___
75 years and over.
Unknown.......... .
139.697 219 135 3,493 506 14,126 132 843 2,500
203.403 1, 330 1,034 31,696 7,579 30,08? 327 3,203 7,943
433,082 6,790 18,336 233,080 49,105 93,868 4,224 14,617 33,612
527,910 10,574 40,070 484,121 117,40C 158,65? 2LQ4C 33,876 61,146
1,156,936 33,572 130,183 1, 560, 806 488,773 548,072 85,809 189,192 193,758
902, 211 31, 252 130,251 1,569,965 541,351 639,81C 96, 75c 259,527 211,064
825,080 26,960 123,035 1,501,455 600,921 670,867 101,105 233,631 205,957
895,899 28,850 133,188 1,586,037 480,106 685,911 99,40( 219,188 225,774
849,079 27,353 120,256 1,410,114 398,055 591,139 84,764 189,698 203, Q21
844,949 25,738 104,392 1,214,428 329,880 503,290 78,104 162,528 177,055
802,094 21,363 76, 590 957.615 251,127 418,09C 76,182 142,30C 148,105
062,246 16,218 50,130 690,130 174,165 307, m 65,293 106,043 100,086
539,104 10,517 30,229 490,122 120,549 220,388 55,913 79,425 84,994
385,893 0,413 15,969 29i, 323 66,262 132,35C 39.334 47,373 67,016
241,862 3,181 6,219 134,647 23,735 07,6811 20,662 26,687 31,021
147,309 1,480 2,346 66,980 8, m 31,80S 8,824 15, 775 15,701
4,645 316 593 11,374 3,514 4,232 684 1,744 2,571
909,939 329 759 1,880,307 281,204 962,680 17, 583 1,526, 234 3,180,851 1,980,830
65,866 3 2 1,208 77 620 11 126 4,095
60,531 10 13 31,809, 555 4,781 16 G72 30, 701
72,989 18 70 164,005 17,233 44,480 42 8,458 120,547
67,036 26 95 219,666 41,291 85,063 9C 74,677 204, 153
112,811 36 147 390,002 88,858 181,613 1,562 419, 057 481, 358
70,047 29 71 236,542 49,175 122,340 1,981 287,874 392,392
57,883 32 70 181,184 29,586 106,275 2,132 385,890 327, 764
08,689 40 75 178,610 20,943 112,422 2, 504 156,604 355,605
65,157 30 52 144,425 12,889 96,016 2,442 119,390 306,697
67,113 25 53 113,402 8,275 78,683 2,196 93,231 281,591
61,344 22 39 85,110 5,474 57,397 1,914 74,240 235,668
46,234 20 31 67,614 3,268 35,641 1,289 49,112 160, 858
38,200 10 14 38,567 1,962 20,379 743 30,322 125,785
26,198 9 12 22,072 S94 10,009 406 14, 721 76, 010
16,063 4 6 9,435 333 4,062 148 6,007 35, 442
12,440 4 1 4,068 257 1,748 67 2,721 17, 709
438 2 2 1,849 234 1,151 35 2,726 5, 070
003
11.879
77.880
144,364
415,443
332,082
204,727
217,274
162,182
128,712
102,267
74,467
53,502
30,967
14, 530
6,258
1,357
100
4,221
77,499
249, 442
664, 814
380,.960
222,311
152, 209
97, 730
62,317
37,827
20,226
0, 813
3,813
1,161)
492
1,889
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Consus; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. V,
287700°— 41-------0

58 AREA AND PO PULA TIO N
No 52.— Gainful W orkers 10 Y ears op Age and
N ote.—F or total num ber of m ales and
MALE
DIVISION AND STATE
Agriculture
Forestry
and
fishing
Extrac­
tion oi
minerals
Manufacturing
and mechanical
industries
Transportation
and
communication
'Trade
Public
service
(notelsewherc
classified)
Professional
service
Domestic
and
personal
service
Continental IT, S_..........
9,662,059 250,140 983, 564 12,224,345 3, 561, 943 5,118, 787 838,622 1, 727, 650 1, 772, 200
New England.................. 206,338 22,007 6, 601 1,175,759 232,075 308,617 76,897 124,777 125,706
Maine.......................... 49,971 9,10? 1, 434 05,266 24,372 27,923 6,257 8,971 8, 853
New Hampshire......... 2 1, m 2 ,17( 510 69,375 13,422 16,371 3 ,0 0 6 5, 760 6, 040
Vermont..................... 37, 234 740 2, 35C 37,105 10,438 11, 500 2,790 3,898 3,416
Massachusetts......... 5 3 ,72C 7,687 1, 435 008,316 126,171 210,499 42,528 72,660 72,361
Rhode Island.............. 8,607 1,065 237 111, 631 17,722 30,870 7,394 9,189 10, 645
Connecticut................. 35,311 1,227 626 254,066 39,950 71,446 13,922 24,299 24,390
Middle Atlantic.... ......... 566,058 13,474 311,790 3,353,133 899,336 1,328,792 218,847 469,079 497,316
New York................... 260,23? 5,196 9,110 1,568,416 458,713 742,401 115,927 252, 223 314,451
New Jersey.................. 61,975 2,845 3, 63c 580,945 139,348 208, 593 37,570 75,135 68,806
Pennsylvania_______ 243,850 5,433 299,038 1,203,772 301,275 377,798 05,344 131, 721 113,999
East North Central.......... 1,413,202 25,802 144, 609 3,237,041 764,512 1,109, 246 155,074 374,889 352,559
Ohio............................ 303,582 2,212 39,374 889,451 214,32C 285,560 38,131 100, 508 80,357
Indiana........................ 243,947 1,291 21, 095 383,615 97,80C 126, 616 10,979 44, 276 37,955
Illinois......................... 343,74C 2,387 60, 526 910,372 255,602 392, 334 51,342 120,233 137,104
Michigan..................... 241,066 12,531 20, 38C 730,149 124,374 196,085 34,804 66,315 62, 281
Wisconsin.................... 280,801 7,240 3,234 323,454 72,416 108,651 13,758 37,497 28,802
West North Central......... 1,652,311 11,144 S3,120 898,148 385, 735 546,327 60,270 169,337 156,269
MinnevSota................... 294,294 6,040 10,735 185,558 72,685 106,140 13,501 33, 788 30,103
Iowa............................ 324, 072 772 8,662 158,321 71,415 99,154 11,002 29, 561 23, 649
Missouri...................... 358, 242 3,751 16,31? 308,142 112,300 108,290 19,546 50,457 55,605
North D akota---. ... 130,811 36 1,08? 20,751 13,782 19,373 1,856 6, 854 4, 737
South Dakota............. 127,584 217 1 ,49f 25,935 14,170! 21,490 2,723 7,780 4 , 040
Nebraska..................... 193,334 155 57C 76,164 38,499 67,011 6,053 17,433 14, 684
Kansas......................... 223,966 174 14,251 122,287 62,815 74,869 11,589 23,464 21,041
South Atlantic___ _ - 1,878,088 53,350 140, 392 1, 215,490 375,928 480,244 lie, we 168, 993 180,178
Delaware..................... 16, 737 351 61 29, 529 8,590 8,016 2,311 3,468 3,147
Maryland____ _____ 81,405 6,052 5 ,02c 188,682 67,669 73, 341 19,601 25,218 24, 010
District of Columbia— 1.05? 5( 84 41,80G 16,174 26, 612 13,106 10,645 16,746
Virginia-.................... 252,330 11, 340 16, OOE 179,833 67,483 71,198 26, 431 23,440 25,181
West Virginia............. 112,767 5,20? 109,90C 122,064 44, 762 41,709 5,318 18, 500 13,300
North Carolina........... 429,30? 8 ,99C 2,730 221,930 48,019 76,607 11, 620 23, 285 27,672
South Carolina........... 250,031 3,345 927 114,925 28,285 37,606 7,913 11,321 12, 539
Georgia........................ 412,31] 5,161 3,414 189,220 59, 265 83,229 18,667 23,633 29,763
Florida........................ 115,929 12,825 2,241 127,435 46, 781 67,126 12,210 21,423 27,130
East South Central.......... 1,492,053 19,677 108,262 551,071 211, 844 252,098 33, 693 80,129 87.783
Kentucky.................... 342,580 2 ,17C 61,750 141,932 61, 650 69,651 10,244 24,339 23,167
Tennessee— ............... 346,27f 4,400 14. 594 169,672 62,810 79,554 9,802 23,747 28,968
Alabama...................... 388,316 5 ,46C 31,402 163,731 52, 698 63,528 8,702 19,153 21, 530
Mississippi.................. 4 1 4 ,8 72 7,638 509 75,836 34,686 30,365 4,885 12,890 14,118
West South Central. . .. 1, 640,003 28,919 90,424 707,265 303,355 418,400 67,009 126,303 148,155
Arkansas..................... 336,36C 0, 975 7,391 77,120 34,400 43,800 4,633 14,774 13, 526
Louisiana.—............... 248, 64t 13,350 7,072 140,086 64,846 67,191 11, 210 38,340 27,066
Oklahoma.-............... 293,270 2, 207 41,273 133,925 61,457 85,852 12,158 28, 391 27,344
Texas.......................... 761,719 6,387 34,688 360,118 152,652 221, 557 39, 008 64,858 80,219
Mountain................ 415,488 12, 455 80,794 236,104 116,122 131, 691 24,604 53,034 46,706
Montana..................... 77,400 2,810 14, 949 32,398 18,119 17,230 3,016 6, 588 6,082
Idaho......................... 64,112 5, 470 5,577 25,419 10,751 13,774 1,020 5, 590 4,149
Wyoming.................... 29,781 814 6,312 14,792 9,363 6, 542 3,911 2,978 2,906
Colorado.................— 101,990 1,249 17,483 70,761 32,193 45, 533 6,438 16,646 14,842
Now Mexico.............. 66,689 1,142 7,002 20,158 12,638 10,059 1,296 4,742 4,242
Arizona............... 36,511 809 13,973 30,491 13, 274 16,771 4,794 7, 014 6,469
Utah........................... 40,284 235 10,506 34,268 14,114 18,146 2,945 7, 575 6] 684
Nevada....................... 8,710 120 4,092 7,817 5,680 3,630 584 1,871 2,331
Pacific............... ............. 498,520 63,452 47,572 852,344 273,036 477,372 81,092 173,049 178, 540
Washington................ 99,374 31,894 5,710 176,909 56,326 76,928 15,715 25, 581 25,329
Oregon........................ 78.769 18,625 2,165 98,865 34,030 45,261 6,058 15,879 14,451
California............. ...... 320,377 12,933 39,097 576,570 182,680 356,183 69,319 131,689 138,760
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vql, V ,

P O P U L A T IO N — O C C U P A T IO N S 59
O v ee, b y S e x , b y O c c u p a t io n G r o u p s , b y S t a t e s : 1930
females gainfully employed, see table 53
MALE—
c o n .
FEMALE
Clerical
occupations
Agriculture
Forestr
y
and
fishing
Extraction
of
minerals
Manufacturing
and mechanical
industries
Transportation
and
communication
Trade
Public
service
(not
elsewhere
classified)
Profess
io n a l
service
Domestic
and
personal
service
Clerical
occupations
DIVISION
AND
STATE
S, 038,494 909, 939 329 759 1,886,307 281,204 062,680 17,583 1, 526,234 3,180, 251 1, 980, 830 u. s.
161, no 0,281 20 303,199 20,681 70,839 1,074 127,401 217, 812 194,484 N. E.
7,968 1,489 10 18,719 1,803 5, 522 111 11,217 20, 271 9, 351 Mo.
4,548 574 19,928 991 3, 144 44 6,976 12,164 6,135 N. H.
3,326 880 4, 345 872 2) 210 73 6,283 10, 471 4, 203 V t.
89,939 1,923 4 104; 977 12,296 40, 600 594 70,959 110,800 117, 880 Mass.
11,974 226 3 39,831 1,350 5, 923 67 8,884 16, 581 14,984 K . I .
33,965 1,189 3 56,300 3, 609 12, 980 185 24,172 38, 519 41,891 Conn.
074,312 16,301 12 228 619,546 80,255 231,748 3,293 353,868 690, 807 630,461 M. A.
381,563 7,140 6 110 297,958 48,318 117, 722 1,800 193,848 376,596 371,607 N. Y.
116,678 2,086 2 5 108,770 12,000 32,245 461. 51,816 104, 698 104,33t N. J .
175,981 7,075 4 113 212,818 19,847 81, 781 1,032 108,204 218,513 154, 505 P a .
466,113 37,946 16 193 373,634 05,297 225,294 3, 693 303,286 684,778 471,878 E, ET. O.
116,602 8,004 44 101,791 15, 688 60,897 1,045 78,533 157,89a 116, 04f Ohio.
42,187 5,937 2 8 40,480 5,908 25,881 575 34,770 66,647 46, 000 Ind.
189,510 8,231 2 1C 125, 324 20,517 75, 342 1,038 96, 081 192,311 190, 012 in .
79,480 6,586 10 130 65,882 10,599 40, 306 682 57,471 109,839 78,317 Mich.
38,334 9,128 2 1 41,057 6,495 22,808 356 35,831 58,081 41,895 Wis.
171,021 44,701 20 52 108,748 30,677 102,437 2,372 191,617 293,665 174,016 W.N. O.
38,989 9,295 15 1 20,581 5,930 21,271 358 40,471 01,955 41,088 Minn.
22,705 6,809 2 14,828 6,600 18, 848 450 39,171 49,403 28, 411 Iowa.
60,022 12, 635 6 12 53,085 8,872 30, 563 534 40,870 91,852 00, 79t Mo.
4,790 3, 575 1,244 1,14C 2,938 138 10,711 12,76C 3, 707 N . D.
3,999 3,158 2 i; 747 1,099 4,080 181 10,950 11, 725 4, 308 S. D.
14,494 3,865 5,835 3,281 10,294 238 22,231 28,151 15,820 Nebr.
20,016 5, 424 35 9i 428 4,665 14,443 473 27,107 37,818 19,817 Kans.
168, 981 269,344 87 84 248,087 21,282 83,713 2,013 169,760 519,030 150,168 S, A.
4,108 679 4,075 427 1,800 28 2,602 7,147 4, 2lf Del.
33,085 2,677 6 34,730 3,499 14,111 257 18,745 50,277 27, 300 Md.
22,022 23 4,792 2,417 6,044 652 10,524 33,736 30, G3( D. 0.
25, 487 18,157 9 3 33i 022 3,139 11,384 235 25, 227 70,050 21, 041 V a .
14,576 5,433 23 11,634 2, 137 8,558 110 16,304 27,73c 10,257 \V . V a
17, 935 70,654 35 1 68,789 2, 645 10,800 16£ 28, 70S 75,77( 15,417 N. 0.
8,170 88, 590 7 32,605 1, 242 5,370 5£ 15, 5(K 50,93( 0,3h s . 0 .
25, 547 85,630 8 15 43,834 3, 722 13,102 245 25,791 118,7G( 20,82C Ga.
16,855 17,601 22 12 14,510 2,147 12,457 250 10,290 72,618 14,071 Fla.
72,327 293,133 38 29 81,561 11,975 42,083 793 78,749 256,878 61.906 E. S. O.
22,919 16,917 2 11 20,941 4,176 13, 372 30f 20,404 51, 132 20,35( Ky.
23,330 30, 576 13 4 32, 042 3, 494 12,310 195 22, 7IC 73,022 20,052 Term.
17,700 104,445 16 12 21,95C 2,465 10, 04C 14C 20, 604 80,815 13,621 Ala.
8, 378 142,195 7 2 1(i6,628 1,840 6,954 140 15, 071 51, 909 0,970 Miss.
126, 682 188,817 81 108 54,824 20,479 72,015 1,504 116, 670 311,376 95,997 w , s . c .
9,671 48,025 24 1 4,834 2, 045 7, 351 172 13,135 35, 955 7,651 Ark.
20,380 48,152 38 62 14,802 3, 215 12,495 140 18,195 77,940 10,367 La.
22, 772 12, 812 4 12 5,998 4, 63C 14,392 301 24, 690 46,12( 20,31< Okla.
67,853 79,828 15 28 29,189 10, 589 37,777 825 60, 544 151,248 51,605 Tex.
42,508 13, 896 10 40 19,041 7,441 26,219 952 61,721 77,8S4 38,066 M t.
6,792 2,100 2 2 1,22C 96C 3, 490 140 8, 368 11, 201 4, 706 Mont.
3,484 1,416 3 1,232 772 2,867 114 5,827 6,883 3,171 Idaho.
2,32C 1,014 1 363 435 1,184 7C 3,470 4,465 1,737 Wyo.
14,73C 4,078 1 5 6,972 2,681 9,224 20C 10,846 26,408 15,517 Colo.
2,538 2,211 4 C 3,164 514 1,733 73 4,383 8,004 2,009 N. M.
5,189 1,912 9 4,212 508 3,038 146 5,572 10,405 4, 078 Ariz,
7,25E 963 S 2,701 1, 294 3,978 105 5,977 8,123 G, 835 Utah.
1,247 193 8 174 187 696 38 1,278 2,345 983 Nev.
164,870 19,400 45 58 79,797 22,917 108.232 1,886 148, m 219,163 170, 337 PftC.
25,288 4,703 27 1C 11,502 3,908 17, 308 281 23,407 39,151 20,070 Wash.
14,40C 3,110 7 2 8,301 2,461 10,188 183 10,008 24,702 10,120
S r?B-
126,182 11,647 11 40 59,994 16, 548 80,436 1,422 103, 797 155,315 128,138 Calif.

6 0 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 53.— G a i n f u l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s op A g e a n d O v e r , b y S e x , b y S t a t e s :
1920 a n d 1930
Note.—The percentages represent the proportion which persons occupied form of the total population
of the given sex 10 years of age and over
MALES
FEMALES
DIVISION AND STATE
Number Percent Number Percent
1020 1930 1020 1930 1020 1930
1920 1930
Continental U. S__— S3,064, 737 38, 077, 804 78,2 76.2 B, 549, 511 10, 752, 116 21.1
22. 0
Hew England................ 2,363,377 2 , 489,486 80.4 75.8 871, 015 941,881 29.0 27. 5
Maine--- .......... — 245,013 240,110 77.9 74.4 64,845 68,493 21.1 21. 4
New Hampshire.— 143,525 142,710 79.2 75.2 49,302 49, 956 27.3 25.9
Vermont............... 111, 585 112,800 77.2 75.9 26,899 28,397 19.2 19.9
Massachusetts.-... 1,225,103 1, 285,310 80.9 75.8 503,155 528,999 31.0 29.2
Rhode Island____ 194,438 209,343 82.0 77.2 80,562 87.829 32.7 30.4
Connecticut........... 443,653 490,201 81.0 76.0 146,252 178,007 27.1 20.8
Middle Atlantic............. 7,122. m 8,322,037 80.1 78.9 2,117,517 2,635, 509 24.1 24.5
Now York.............. 3,367,909 4,108, 232 80.4 78.1 1,135,295 1,415,105 26.9 26.9
New Jersey............ 1,014,063 1,295,594 80.8 77.6 295,990 416,512 23.9 25.1
Pennsylvania......... 2, 740,127 2,918,211 79.5 75.1 686,232 803,892 2 0.7 20.9
East North Central__ _ 6,951.808 8,042,807 78.7 70.3 1, 584,041 2,065,414 13.9 20.4
Ohio..... .................. 1,891,54C 2,070,158 79.4 75.6 409,970 539,606 18.3 20.1
Indiana___-........... 931,647 1,015,761 77.7 76.1 185,385 235,304 16.0 18.1
Illinois.................... 2,086,800 2,469, 210 78.8 76.8 540,938 715,468 21.3 22.9
Michigan................ 1 ,2 2 8 ,6 3 1 1, 567, 525 80.0 77.0 245,383 350,822 18.1 10.4
Wisconsin............. 813,184 014, 247 75.8 74.0 182,365 215,214 18.3 18.7
West North Central..—. 8,815,681 4,108,872 74.6 74.7 772,315 946,105 16.2 18.0
Minnesota...........— 742,047 791,833 75,3 74.1 164,006 200,965 18.4 19.9
Iowa....................... 717,377 749,313 73.2 73.5 141.321 163, 522 15.2 16.5
Missouri............... 1,072,545 1,158, 734 77.4 77.5 244,615 299, 234 18.1 20.1
North Dakota........ 178,754 204,090 70.9 72.4 28,328 36, 213 13.0 14.8
South Dakota......... 186,885 210,3-43 72.2 73.1 29,686 37,310 13.3 14.6
Nebraska................ 385,292 417,287 72.9 73.5 71,789 89,721 14.8 36.7
Kansas...----------- 531,881 575,072 73.8 74.0 92,510 119, 200 13.7 16.1
South Atlantio............... 4,086,041 4,681,700 77.5 75.7 1,243,953 1,473, 514 23.8 24.1
Delaware--............ 73,122 77,221 79.7 77.1 18,102 20,883 20.8 21.6
Maryland............... 406,257 515,187 80.0 77.4 137,221 157,692 23.8 23.9
Dist. of Columbia.. 143,401 155,028 82.6 78.4 92, 026 88,825 45.5 40.1
Virginia.................. 677,300 007,944 76.4 74.4 156,210 182, 267 18.1 19.5
West Virginia......... 433, 077 488,254 76.0 72.5 57,439 82,198 11.2 13.1
North Carolina___ 693, 155 808,000 75.5 74.7 2Q2,697 272,965 21.9 22.9
South Carolina....... 468, 601 480,976 77.0 70.4 205, 650 206,701 3 3.4 31.2
Georgia.................. 840,412 850,219 78.6 77.4 288, 745 311,939 2 0.7 27.4
Florida................... 300,050 448,955 77.7 76.1 85,262 140,984 2 3.3 25.7
East South Central........ 2, 608,411 2,008,937 77.9 77.2 702,433 827,744 21.1 21.8
Kentucky ............ 719,629 760,417 77.1 75.1 131,493 146,678 14.5 14.8
Tennessee .............. 677,988 763,062 70.5 75.8 162,108 195,324 17.2 19.1
Alabama................. 684,348 772,281 79.5 78.1 223,868 254,014 2 5.8 25.1
Mississippi............. 526,446 613,177 78.7 80.6 194,964 231,728 2 9.1 30.3
West South Central____ 3, 049,275 3,656, 565 70.2 76.2 686,973 801,667 17. 8 18.6
Arkansas................ 518,754 548,652 77.7 70.2 115,810 119,193 18.2 17.0
Louisiana............... 628,507 624,196 77.2 77.4 152,726 191,420 2 2.4 23.5
Oklahoma_______ 586,834 698,658 73.6 73.2 94,504 129,346 13.2 14.5
Texas.................. 1,415,180 1,785,059 76.0 77.0 303,843 421,708 17.8 18.9
Mountain......... ........... 1, 077,774 1,159,563 77.1 74.9 177,220 235,250 15. 2 17.3
Montana________ 185,905 184,205 78.9 76.6 28,278 32,274 15.2 16.7
Idaho................... 135,950 139,946 75.5 74.2 17,509 22,285 1 2.0 13.9
Wyoming............__ 72,134 79,709 81.7 78.8 9,402 12,739 35.0 16.4
Colorado............. I? 303,870 321,874 76.8 74.9 62,587 80,993 17.8 20.0
New Mexico........... 107,090 120,506 74.5 73.3 14,941 22,101 12.1 14.7
Arizona................ 112,193 135,325 78.1 76.0 18,386 29,971 1 6.4 19.4
Utah..................... 127,418 141,016 74,0 71.2 21,783 28,984 13.7 15,4
Nevada............... 33,214 36,982 84.3 81.2 4,334 5, 902 17. 7 10.3
Faciflo........................... 1,979,071 2,809,847 79.8 77.6 434,039 765,172 20.4 23.2
Washington............ 485,767 638,054 80.3 77.0 92,900 126,676 1 8.7 20.6
Oregon.................... 207,791 328,503 78.1 77.0 54,492 81,142 1 8.4 21.3
California............... 1,226,113 1,943,290 80.0 77.7 286,647 557,354 2 1 .4 24.2
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. V.

POPULATION— OCCUPATIONS 61
N o. 5 4 . — G a in f u l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o f A o r a n d O v e r , b y O c c u p a t io n
G r o u p s, b y S e x , C o n t in e n t a l U n it e d S t a t e s : 1920 a n d 1930
[Forcont not shown whore loss than 0.11
YEAR AND GENERAL DIVISION OF
OCCUPATIONS
NUMBER
PERCENT
DISTRIBUTION
Total Male Female Total Male
j S 1
1 £ .0 !
i ® ’ ;
PERCENT
O V TOTAL
Male
Female
i m ..................-........................... 41,614,248 33,084,787 8,549,511 100.0 100.0 100.0 7 9 .5 a o .5
Agriculture. .................................... 10,005,812 9,582,006 1,083,146 25.6 29.0 12.7 8 0 .8 1 0.2
270,214 269,541 673 .6 .8 9 0 .8 .2
Extraction of minerals..................... 1,090,228 1,087,359 2 ,8 6 4 3 .31 9 9 .7 .3
Manufacturing and mechanical Industrics.........................
.............. 12,831,879 10,901,527 1,030,352 30.8 33.0 22.6 8 6 .0 15.0
Transportation and communication. 3,090,829 2,872, 559 224,270 7.4 8.7 2 .6 0 2 ,8 7 .2
Trade................................................. 4,257,684 3,585,701 871,983 10.2 10.8 7 .9 8 4 .2 15.8
Public service (not elsewhere classifled).............................................
738, 525 727,939 10,680 1.8 2 .2 .1 0 8 .6 1.4
Professional service........................... 2,171, 251 1, 154, 221 1,017,030 5.2 3.5 11.9 53.2 4 0.8
Domestio and personal service__ _ 3,379,995 1,193,313 2 ,186,082 8.1 3 .6 2 5.0 35.3 04.7
Clerical occupations......................... 3,111,830 1,680, 911 1, 421,925 7.5 5.1 16. G 54.3 45.7
1930____ .............................................. 48, 829,920 88,077,804 10,762,116 100.0 m o 100.0 7 8.0 2 2.0
Agriculture........................................ 10,471,908 9, 562,059 900,939 21.4 25.1 8 .5 01.3 8 .7
250,460 250, 140 320 . 5 ,7 9 9.9 .1
Extraction of minerals.................... . 984,323 983,564 750 2.0 2,6 90.9
Manufacturing and mechanical industrics.-.........................
........... 14,110, 052 12,224,345 1 ,880,307 28.9 32.1 17.5 8G.0 13.4
Transportation and communication- 3,843,147 3,501,943 281,204 7.9 9 .4 2 .6 9 2.7 7.3
Trade................................... ............ 6,081,467 5,118,787 962,080 12.5 13.4 9.0 8 4 .2 15.8
Public service (not elsewhere classifled).............................................
850, m 838,622 17,583 1.8 2 ,2 .2 9 7.0 2.1
Professional service........................... 3,253,334 1, 727,650 1 ,520,234 0.7 4.5 1 4.2 63,1 46.9
Domestic and personal service........ 4,962, 451 1,772,200 3,180,261 10.1 4.7 29.6 35.8 64.2
Clerical occupations......................... 4,025,324 2,038,494 1,986,830 8.2 5.4 18.5 60.6 40.4
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. V.
N o . 5 5 .— G a in f u l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o f A g e a n d Ov e r , b y O c c u p a t io n , b y
S e x , C o n t in e n t a l U n it e d St a t e s : 1920 a n d 1930
[Tho 1920 figures for certain division totals have been corrected to oonform with the 11(38 classification]
OCCUPATION
1920 1030
Total Male Female Total Male Female
All occupations_________ _______ 41, 614,248 83, 064, 737 8, 649,611 48, 820,820 38,077,804 10,762, 116
Agriculture 1........................................... 10, 666,812 9, 532, 666 1,083,146 10,471, 998 9, 602, 059 909,039
Farmers (owners and tenants) ................... 6, 387,360 0,121, 783 205,577 6, 012,012 5, 749,367 202,045
Farm managers and foremen........................ 92,324 77, 984 14,340 67,222 66, 259 963
Farm laborers................................................ 4,180,128 3,382,890 803,220 4,302,704 3, 740, 433 648,331
Wage workersa........................................... 2,336,009 2,109, 422 220,687 2,732,972 2, 501. G40 171,323
Unpaid family workersJ .......................... 1,850,119 1,273,477 576,642 1,659,792 1,184,784 475,008
Forestry and fishing................................. 270,214 209, 641 673 269,469 250, 140 320
Fishermen and oystermen............... ............. 52,830 52, 457 379 73,280 73,071 200
Foresters, forest rangers, and timber cruisors. 3,053 3,661 2 8,057 8, 042 15
Owners and managers of log and timber
camps....................................................... 8, lit 8,397 IS 8,899 a, m 10
Owners and proprietors............................. 6,315 6, 307 £ 5,66G 5, 641 0
Managers and officials............................... 2,095 2,090 5 1,249 1, 248 1
Lumbermen, raftsmen, and wood choppers. 205,315 206,036 279 102,233 162,138 65
' Because oi changes made in 1930 in the classification of agricultural pursuits, it is impossible to group
tho 1920 occupations exactly according to the 1930 classification. It is believed, however, th at tho effect
of the difference in grouping on the comparability of figures here presented is negligible. Figures have
been adjusted to exclude those employed on turpentine iarms classified In “ Agriculture" in 1920 (see note 5).
* Since, in 1920, only farm laborers on general farms were distinguished as working on “home farm" or
"working out," farm laborers on dairy farms, stock farms, truck farms, poultry farms, etc., who were, in
fact, working on the "home farm” as “unpaid family workers" were not included In “ Farm laborers (homo
farm )/’ Hence, as here compiled for 1920, tho number of farm laborers classified as “ Wage workers” probably
is somewhat top large and the number classified as "Unpaid family workers" somewhat too small.

62 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 55.— G a i n f u l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o p A g e a n d O y e r , b y O c c u p a tio n , b y
S ex, C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s ; 1920 a n d 1930— Continued
Extraction of minerals............................ .
Operators, managers, and officials..............
Operators........... -...........................-.......
Managers and officiate..............................
Foremen, overseers, and inspectors.............
Goal mice operatives.................................
Copper mine operatives....................... „......
Gold and silver mine operatives..................
Iron mine operatives...................... ...
Lead and zinc mine operatives.............. ......
Other and not specified mine operatives__
Quarry operatives.......................................
Oil and gas well operatives...........................
Salt well and works operatives.....................
Manufacturing and mechanical industries...................................................
Apprentices to building and hand trades...
Carpenters’ apprentices....... -.................. '
Electricians’ apprentices.........................
Machinists' apprentices 3..........................
Plumbers’ apprentices............................. .
Apprentices to other building and hand
trades.........................................
Apprentices to dressmakers and rn illiners__
Apprentices to printers and bookbinders...
Otber apprentices in manufacturing L
Bakers.........................................................
Blacksmiths, forgemen, and hammermen. _
Boilermakers...........................................
Brick and stone masons and tile layers...
Builders and building contractors......... .
Cabinetmakers....................................
Carpenters............................................ ” ,
Compositors, linotypera, and typesetters
Coopers................................. ......
Dressmakers and seamstresses (not in factory)..........................................................
Dyers....................................................
Electricians.......................................
Electrotypers, stereotypers, and llthog-'
raphers....... .................. ........... ..............
Engineers (stationary), cranemen, etc."""'
Engineers (stationary)............................. ’
Engravers...........
Filers, grinders,
(metal).......
buffers, and polishers
Foremen and overseers (manufacturing)«
Furnace men, smelter men, heaters, nudalers,
etc............................................
Glass blowers.............................. "
Jewelers, watchmakers, goldsmiths,” and
silversmiths..........................
Loom fixers................
Machinists................!.........
Millwrights.........................
Toolmakers and die setters and sinkers” !
Managers and officials (manufacturing) *
Manufacturers 5......................
Mechanics (n. 0. s.s)............... .....................
Air transportation..,................................ .
Automobile factories, garages, repa'irshops
Railroad and car shops........
Other industries..............
Millers (grain, flour, feed, etc!)"” ............
Milliners and millinery dealers ............ .
Moiders, founders, and casters (metal) ”
Oilers of machinery.
_
1030 1930
Total Male Female Total Male Female
1,090,223 1,087,359 S, 864 984, 333 983,604 759
34,325 34,143 182 30, 896 30, 755 141
17,334 17,216 118 15, 511 15,423 88
16,901 16,927 64 15,385 15,332 53
3fl, 931 33, 023 8 34,280 34,274 12
733,93G 732,441 1, 405 621, 661 621,645 116
36, 054 30,918 136 30,939 30,938 3
32, 700 32,06G 34 18,157 18,148 9
38,704 38,605 90 24,248 24,245 3
20,798 20,740 49 16,164 10,153 1
20,591 20,533 58 33,346 33,316 30
45,162 45,084 78 05,288 65,203 25
85,550 85,303 247 105, 224 105,212 12
5,472 4,994 478 4,124 3, 717 407
12,831,379 10,601,527 l,930,ssa 14,110,863 12,224,345 1, 886,307
73,953 73, 897 56 40,133 40,105 28
4,805 4,797 8 4,138 4,133 5
9,502 9, 557 5 4,611 4,604 7
39, m 39, 448 15 13, 606 13,600 6
7,386 7,386 5, 937 5,937
12,737 12,709 28 11, 841 11,831 10
4,326 17 4,300 2,181 20 2,161
11,603 10, 306 1, 237 10,928 10, 575 353
50,518 48, 687 3,831 24,210 22, 855 1, 355
97,940 93, 347 4,593 140,800 131,884 8,916
221, 421 221,410 5 147,469 147,460 9
74,088 74, 088 49,923 49,923
131, 284 131, 257 7 170,903 170,890 7
90,109 90, 030 70 367,512 1G7, 310 202
45,511 45, 503 a 57,897 57,890 7
887,379 887, 208 171 929,426 929,370 50
140,165 128, 859 XI, 306 183,632 173,303 10,269
19, 000 19,001 5 11,347 11,347
235,855 336 236,519 158,380 452 157,928
15,109 14,978 131 17, 719 17,425 294
212, 964 212, 945 19 280,317 280,279 38
13,716 13,530 186 10,692 16,448 244
279, 984 279, 940 44 316, 964 316,942 22
242, 096 242, 064 32 250,078 256,000 18
37,888 37, 876 12 60,886 CO! 882 4
16,053 14, 492 601 19,437 18,747 690
59, 785 57,315 2,470 78,600 76,264 2,336
143,875 143,862 13 127,294 127,293 1
308,137 277,066 30,171 338, 504 310,037 28,467
40,806 40,800 G 35,166 35,165 1
9,144 9,056 89 3,268 3,209 69
39,592 37,914 1,678 38, 662 37,408 1,254
15,961 15,958 s 19,215 19,180 35
894,662 894, 654 £ 701,095 761,075 20
801,901 801,89fl 5 640,289 040,285 4
37,669 37, 0G0 42,012 42,006 6
55,092 56,089 3 78,704 78,784 10
249,950 241,619 8,331 312,75G 302,334 10,422
183, 696 178, 75C 4,945 207,901 202,190 6,711
5» 28L 741 0®281,690 51 638,253 038,100 63
(7) (J) o 3,400 3,405 1
0) 0 o 394,188 394,169 19
to 0 21,847 21,847
0) 0 218,812 218,7G9 43
23,272 23,265 15, 040 15,906 40
73, 255 3,057 69, 59S 44, 948 4,846 40,102
123, 681 12.3, 668 If 105,155 105,139 19
24,012 24, 568 44 31,210 31,169 41
8 iVvQrtTw \ luuu&iuws iu xv/zv, was iransierreci to Frofessioi
rorestry' 8t0- " £n 192°.
' C a m U S X S to iW n o t available. * i,nM “ 0 not ComparabIa data tor m
**>•■

POPULATION— OCCUPATIONS 63
No. 5 5 . — G a i n f u l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o f A g e a n d O v e r , b j O c c u p a t i o n , b y
S e x , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1920 a n d 1930—Continued
OCCUPATION
t Manufacturing, eto.—Continued.
Painters, glaziers, varnishors, etc................
Jjtaatnolers, iacquerers, and japanners.......
Painters, glaziers, and varnishers:
B uilding,..._____
F actory.................... '.'!" _ ....................
Paper hangers........................
P attern and model makers!!___!!!!!!!!!.!
Piano and organ tuners...... . .........................
Plasterers and cement finishers....................
Plum bers and gas and steam fitters______
Pressmen and plate printers (printing)____
Rollers and roll hands (metal).....................
Roofers and slaters,,................
Sawyers..... .....................................................
S hoem ukm anil cobblers (not in factory), _
Skilled occupations (noteisewhoreclassifiod).
Stoneeuiters..................................................
Structural ironworkers (building)...............
Tailors and tailoresses..................................
T insm iths and coppersmiths.........................
upho 1st erei’s________________________
Operatives (n. o. s.6):
B uilding industry.......................................
Chemical and allied industries...... ...........
Charcoal and coke works____ _______
Explosives, ammunition, and fireworks
factories_______ ___
Fertilizer factories................ !................
G as w orks.............................. _.............
P a in t and varnish factories..................
Petroleum refineries................................
Rayon factories................................... ...
Soap factories........................................ —
O ther chemical factories.......................
Cigar and tobacco factories......................
Clay, glass, and stone industries...............
Brick, tile, and terra cotta factories___
Glass factories........................................
Lim e, cement, and artificial stone factories_____
______ _______________
M arble and stone yards........................
Potteries..................... . ............................
Clothing industries.....................................
Corset factories.........................................
Glove factories......................................
H a t faetoides (felt)_____. ___________
Shirt, collar, and cuff factories..............
Suit, coat, and overall factories_______
Other clothing factories_____________
Food and allied industries..........................
Bakeries__ _______ ______ _____ ___
B utter, cheese, condensed milk'factories.
Candy factories........................................
Fish curing and packing..........................
Flourand grain mills...............................
F ru it and vegetable canning, etc_____
Slaughter and packing houses...............
Sugar factories and refineries..................
Other food factories_________. ____
Liquor and beverage industries..............
Iron and steel, machinery, and vefn'e/e
industries.......... ...................................
Agricultural implement factories...___
Automobile factories..............................
Automobile repair shops.....................
B last furnaces and steel rolling mills 10-„
Car and. railroad shops,............................
Ship and boat building.........................
Wagon and carriage factories,...............
Other iron and steel and machinery
factories u ....................................
N ot specified metal industries...............
1920
Total Male Female
323,032 319,097 3,335
4,137 3,108 969
248, 497 248,394 103
70,398 08,135 2,263
18,740 18,338 408
27, 720 27,603 57
7,047 7,007 40
45,870 45,87C 6
206,718 200,715 3
18,083 18,683
25,061 25, 001
11, 378 11,378
33,809 33,80C 9
78,859 78,591! 260
12, 348 12, 3H 2S
22,090 22, 090 3
18,83G 18,830
192, 232 160,404 31,828
74,9G8 74,957 11
29, 005 27,338 2,267
7,003 6,683 20
870,41G
h 722
* 61,287
1, G92
* 10,129
30
7,379 4,811 2,568
1,407 1,352 55
9,462 9,294 168
6,521 4,686 . 835
8,891 8, 229 662
(9 n
0,288 3, 239 3,049
29, 746 17, 984 11, 702
145,222 01, 262 83,960
85,434 72, 209 13,105
9,087 9,357 630
44,881 37,636 7,195
7,633 7,426 207
5,546 5, 478 68
17,437 12,372 6,065
409,361 143, 718 265,643
12,042 1,115 li, 527
23, 357 0,584 1«, 773
21, 17 8 14, 716 6,462
52, 377 10,301 42, 016
143,872 79,357 64,615
155, 035 31,585 124,350
204,550 131,453 73,097
2(1,441 8,858 11,683
18,841 10,09C 2,745
52, 281 20, 913 31,308
7,580 4,363 3,223
8,112 7,524 588
10, 204 3,898 6,306
49,801 41, 906 8,085
8,806 3,144 662
17, 033 9,791 7,842
15,655 14, 960 695
089, 980 632,161 57,819
7, 722 7,130 586
121,164 108,376 12,788
«

6 4 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 55.— G a i n f u l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o f Age a n d O v e r , b y O c c u p a ti o n , b y
S e x , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1920 a n d 1930—Continued
OCCUPATION
1920 1930
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Manufacturing, eto.—Continued.
Operatives (n. o. s.«)—Continued.
Metal Industries (except Iron and steel).. bi, m 00,844 30,447 91,852 61,049 30,803
Brass mills................. ............................. 17,482 13,576 3,906 14,834 11,600 3,228
Clock and watch factories...................... 18,244 10,043 8,201 15,030 8,492 6,544
Copper factories...................................... 2,98(3 2,834 152 2,950 2,824 120
Gold and silver factories........................ 6,239 4,432 1,807 6,002 3,877 2,025
Jewelry factories.................................... 16,083 8,946 6,137 13,079 7,766 6,213
Lead and zinc factories........................... 2,464 2,180 278 2,014 1,840 174
Tinware, enamelware, etc., factories.... 19,356 12,167 7,189 23,29G 15, 250 8,040
Other metal factories............................. 9,437 6,660 2,777 13,847 9,394 4,463
Leather industries________ __________ 279,231 196,437 82,794 267,518 175,768 01,750
Harness and saddle factories.................. 18,135 17,573 562 7,104 6,890 274
Leather belt, leather goods, etc., factories
................................................ 17,189 12,800 4,380 16,533 11,080 5,463
Shoe factories_____________ ________ 206,225 132,813 73,412 200,928 128,377 81,551
Tanneries________________________ 32,226 28,598 3,028 28,993 25,395 3,598
Trunk, suitcase, and bag factories >a__ 5,456 4,644 812 4,000 4,026 874
Lumber and furniture industries_______ 108,719 150,079 18,640 177,457 157,861 19,596
Furniture factories................................ 55.717 48,906 6,811 75,235 66,131 9,104
Piano and organ factories....................... 19,852 16,949 2,903 8,177 7,535 642
Saw and planing mills ,3~....................... 67,320 54,016 3,304 58,980 56,383 2,597
Other woodworking factories................. 35,830 30,208 5,622 35,059 27,806 7,253
Paper, printing, and allied industries___ 155,524 87,679 67,845 105,911 102,421 63,490
Blank book, envelope, tag, paper bag,
etc., factories____________________ 13,694 5,117 8,677 17,127 6,488 10,030
Paper and pulp mills............... .............. 64,669 41,821 13,348 63,629 49,709 13,920
Paper box factories................................. 20,452 7,077 13,375 14,284 5,707 8,517
Printing, publishing, and engraving___ 00,709 34,104 32,545 70,871 40,457 30,414
Textile industries—
Cotton mills........................................... 302,464 153,269 149,185 302,501 166,818 145,683
Knitting mills........... -........ ................... 107,604 20, 022 80,682 134,006 44,203 80,803
Silk mills................................................. no, 721 42,963 72,768 125,770 52,080 73,090
Textile dyeing, finishing, and printing
mills..................................................... 17, 730 12,154 6,582 19,613 13,947 5,666
"Woolen and worsted m ills..................... 126,418 64,703 61,715 101,821 52,701 49,000
Other textile mills..............- ................... 1* 122,464 » 54,033 « 68,431 133.600 65,312 68,348
Carpet mills......................................... 23,387 13,003 10,384 28, COO 16,486 12,123
Hemp, jute, and linen mills............... 6,742 2,811 3,031 4,503 2,074 2,429
Lace and embroidery mills.......... ...... 19,083 6,086 12,997 11,417 4,221 7,190
Rope and cordage factories.......... ...... 8,454 4,714 3,740 5,469 3,067 2,402
Sail, awning, and tent factories.......... 3,643 2,538 1,005 4,275 2,566 1,700
Other and not specified textile mills__ i< 61,256 w 24,881 “ 30,374 79,387 36,898 42,489
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries.. 536,832 344,668 192,264 536,108 353, 744 182,364
Broom and brush factories.................... 12,606 10,219 2,387 9,521 7,622 1,899
Button factories...................................... 12,977 7.768 5,209 7,505 4,496 3,069
Electric light and power plants............. 15,040 15,610 339 49,269 49,218 51
Electrical machinory and supply factories..................................................
64,841 37,452 27,389 117,327 72,012 45,315
Rubber factories..................................... 86,204 67,370 18,834 80,835 59,540 21,289
Straw factories----------------------„------- 14,102 7,751 6,351 1,818 584 1,234
Turpentine larms and distilleries.......... 1,138 1,130 8 1,368 1,360 8
Other and not specified manufacturing. }«329,015 18 197,268 ■8131,747
f 268,405 158,966 109,409
N ot specified industries and services.___ [ 163,152 123,252 29,900
Laborers (n. o. s.»):
Building, general, and not specified
laborers________________________ 686,722 671,487 16,235 1,115,607 1,104,132 11,635
Laborers and helpers, building construction______________
________ CO o (’) 419,802 419,675 127
General and not specified laborers.......... pi m (0 695,866 684,457 11,408
Chemical and allied industries................. l« 134,313 w 130,699 “ 3,614 151,918 148,507 3,411
Charcoal and coke works....................... 9,384 9,352 32 4,783 4,772 11
Explosives, ammunition, and fireworks
factories.................................. 8,467 7,821 646 5,047 4,447 600
Fertilizer factories................................. 12.943 12,808 135 18,248 18,157 80
Gas works........................... ................... 18,846 18,787 58 28,897 28,884 13
Paint and varnish factories.................... 4,841 4,077 164 6,171 G, 017 164
Petroleum refineries................................ 31,795 31,600 229 40,810 40,645 171
Rayon factories_____ ____-________ (“) (“) (i#) 4,962 4,451 511
Soap factories....... ——........—................ 4,715 4,346 369 4,793 4,560 233
Other chemical factories_______„_____ 43,323 41,342 1,981 38,200 36,568 1,632
0 Not otherwise specified. ’ Comparable figures for 1020 not available.
18 Operatives and laborers in leather bag factories, included in the group, “ Leather belt, leather case, etc.,
factories" in 1020, were transferred to the group, "Trunk, suit case, and bag factories" in 1030.
!S Includes box factories (wood). u See note 8, p. 63, and note 16 below.
ia Somo operatives and laborers included in "Other and not specified manufacturing" in 1920 were
classified in "Other and not specified textile mills" in 1930. "Helpers in motion-picture production,"
included in "Operatives, other miscellaneous manufacturing and mechanical industries” in 1920, were
classified tn "Professional service" in 1930, » See note 8, p. 63.

POPULATION— OCCUPATIONS 65
N o. 5 5 .— G a in f u l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o f A ge a n d O v e r , b t O c c u p a t io n , b y
S e x , C o n t in e n t a l U n it e d S t a t e s : 1920 a nd 1930— C ontinued
OCCUPATION
1930 1930
Total Male Female Total Male Peniala
Manufacturing, etc.—Continued.
Laborers (n. o. -Continued.
Cigar and tobacco factories........................ 35,157 21,295 13,862 20, 681 14,094 0,487
Olay, g l a s s , a n d s t o n e industries........ ...... 1 2 4 ,5 4 4 1 2 0 ,2 1 5 4 ,3 2 9 145,605 142,095 3,570
Brick, tile, and terra-cotta factories....... 48,636 48,099 537 59, 543 58,792 751
Glass factories....................................... 28,937 26,401 2,476 28, 108 26,362 1,746
Lime, cement, and artificial-stone factories.......................................................
30,051 29,884 167 38, 634 38,475 159
Marble and stone yards.......................... 6,084 5,061 23 8,102 8,097 5
Potteries................................................. IX, 8 3 6 io , n o 1,126 11, 278 10,369 909
Clothing industries................................ 12,770 0,414 6,362 15,203 8,558 0.735
Corset factories.................. ..................... 771 194 577 350 133 217
Glove factories________ . _ ____ 1,767 89E 868 1,150 550 609
H at factories (felt)................................... 989 825 164 1,142 966 176
Shirt, collar, and cuff factories............. 2,708 1,317 1,391 4,136 2,314 1,822
Suit, coat, and overall factories............ 3,984 2,22S 1, 705 3, 794 2,456 1,338
Other clothing factories--...................... 2,667 960 1,607 4,712 2,139 2,573
Food and allied industries.............i ____ 170,005 153,092 16,373 154,886 136,802 18,084
Bakeries................................................... 8,315 6,861 1,44C 12, 362 10,786 1,576
Butter, cheese, and condensed-milk factories.....................................................
15,190 14,174 1,016 17,433 10, 518 915
Candy factories.................................... 6,584 4,398 2,186 5, 552 4,080 1,472
Fish curing and packing-...................... 6,300 5,261 1,039 6,172 4, 596 1,576
Flour and grain mills.............................. 18,121 17,983 138 15,997 15, 839 158
Fruit and vegetable canning, etc........... 13,068 9,743 3,315 10,544 14, 987 4,557
Slaughter and packing houses............... 59,548 65, 436 4,112 43,045 39, 384 3,661
Sugar factories and refineries................. 16,733 15,414 319 9,298 9, 038 260
Other food factories................................ 16,680 14,119 2,507 16,968 13,281 3,087
Liquor and beverage industries............ 10,630 10,295 235 8,615 8, 293 222
Iron and steel, machinery, and vehicle industries.................................................
729,613 717, 022 12,591 662,131 G52, 027 10,104
Agricultural-implement factories........... 11,400 11, 292 117 10, 873 10, 735 138
Automobile factories........................... 83,341 80, 874 2,467 123, 717 120,160 3, 567
Automobile repair shops........................ (*i (») m 12, 653 12,617 36
Blast furnaces and steel rolling mills »

66 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 55.-— G a i n f u l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o f A g e a n d O v e r , b y O c c u p a t i o n ,
b y S e x , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1920 a n d 1930— Continued
OCCUPATION
1930 1930
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Manufacturing, etc.—Continued,
Laborers (a. o. s.®)—Continued.
Textile industries—Continued.
Otlior textile mills...................................
Carpet mills..........................................
Hemp, jute, and linen mills................
Lace and embroidery mills.................
Rope and cordage factories.................
Sail, awning, and tent factories..........
Other and not specified textile mills..
Miscellaneous mfg. industries w...... ..........
Broom and brush factories.....................
Button factories.......................................
Electric light and power plants.............
• Electrical machinery and supply factories....................................................
.
Rubber factories......................................
Straw factories......................................
Turpentine farms and distilleries 18.......
Other and not specified mfg. industries.
Transportation and communication........
Water transportation: 20
Boatmen, canal men, and lock keepers...
Captains, masters, mates, and pilots___
Longshoremen and stevedores...................
Sailors and deck hands............................. .
Road and street transportation; w
Bus conductors...;....................................
Chauffeurs and truck and tractor drivers
&..........................................................
Draymen, teamsters, and carriage drivers
22, S 3 ............ ............. . ......... .................... ..
Oarage owners, managers, and officials...
Garage laborers...........................................
H o stfe and stable hands..........................
Laborers, truck, transfer, and cab companies.......................................................
Laborers, road, street, etc., building and
repairing...................................................
Laborers, street cleaning...........................
Owners, managers, and officials, truck,
transfer, and cab companies...................
Railroad transportation:Sf)
Baggagemen aud freight agents________
BoD or washers and engine hostlers_____
Brakemen, steaui railroad__________ ...
Conductors, steam railroad____________
Conductors, streot railroad____________
Foremen and overseers..............................
Steam railroad_______ _______ _____
Street railroad............................. ...........
Laborers (includes construction laborers).
Steam railroad.......................................
Street railroad....................................... .
Locomotive engineers JS_...........................
Locomotive firemen2S- .............................
Motomien..............................................
Steam railroad___ ________ _______ _
Street railroad____________________
Officials and superintendents...________
Steam railroad...................................... .
Street railroad........................................
Switchmen, flagmon, and yardmen..........
Switchmen and flagmen, steam railroad.
Switchmen and flagmen, street railroad.
Yardmen, steam railroad........................
Ticket and station agents...............
1« 22,140 J« 18, 619 i‘ 3,621 23.199 20,320 2,879
3, 953 3,378 576 4,828 4,230 592
1,712 1,474 238 061 863 98
944 677 267 569 444 125
4,268 3,805 463 2,021 2,032 289
283 237 46 721 661 60
» 10,080 >)
( i i ) pi) 1,002 1,002
285,045 284,096 949 972,418 970,910 1,602
420, ISO 419,450 73ft 111,224 111, 178 46
42,151 41.944 207 00,965 09,543 422
81,450 31,339 111 00,693 00,530 167
18, 970 18, 873 3 6,054 6,054
l “ ) (M) (») 40,970 40,920 50
115,830 115,073 163 290,354 290,308 46
11,196 11,192 4 16,673 16,672 1
23,497 23,231 266 41,084 40,508 676
16,810 16,789 30 16.377 16,361 i a
25.305 25,271 34 18,300 18,300
114,107 114,107 88,197 88,197
74,639 74,539 73' 332 73', 332
53,760 63,507 253 3d! 697 35i 680 17
79,294 79,21C 78 79,737 79,082 55
73,046 72,980 66 73,910 73,860 50
6,248 0,236 12 5,827 5,822 5
495.713 488.650 7,054 4621474 459.000 3,384
470,192 463, CIS 6.58C 435,058 431,947 3,111
25,514 25,01/ 408 27,416 27,143 273
100,899 109,899 101,201 101,201
91,345 01,345 67, 096 67,096
06,519 60,499 20 60*723 60,718 6
3,5GC 3, 5QC 2,754 2,754
62,959 62,939 20 57.969 57,964 5
33,881 35.83C 51 37,989 37,963 20
32,420 32, 335 41 34, 380 34.359 21
3, 465 3,445 1C 3, 60S 3,604 6
111, 565 in , 00c 565 102, 773 102,484 289
101,917 101. 35C 558 92,217 91,928 280
2,500 2, 40C 4 2, 608 2,608
7,148 7,145 3 7,948 7,948
23,585 24, 324 2,261 27,160 25,370 1,790
9 Not otherwise specified. 1* See note 8, p. 63, and note 15, p. 64. 18 See note 5, p, 62.
18 See note 15, p. G4. 20 Selected occupations. 21 Not classified separately in 1920.
22 Neither In JD20 nor in 1030 was the attem pt to distinguish chauffeurs and motortruck drivers from
draymen, teamsters, and carriage drivers very successful.
23 Teamsters in agriculture, forestry, and the extraction of minerals are classified with the other workers
in those industries, respectively; drivers lor bakeries and stores are classified as deliverymen in trade, and
drivers for laundries ore classified as deliverymen in domestic and personal service.
2{ Included with “Draymen, teamsters, and expressmen” in 1920.
25 Because of indefinite returns by census enumerators, it Is probable that some stationary engineers
wore included with locomotive engineers, and some firemen of stationary boilers with locomotive firemen.

P O P U L A T IO N — O C C U PA T IO N S 67
No. 5 5 .— G a i-N tto W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o r A g e a n d O v e r , b y O c c u p a t i o n ,
b y S e x , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1920 a n d 1930— Continued
OCCUPATION
1920 1930
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Transportation, etc.—Continued.
Express, post, radio, telegraph, and telephone
:1S
Agents, express companies......................... 6,293 5,193 100 4,176 4,102 74
Express messengers and railway mail
clerks...................................................... 25,006 24,996 9 25,008 25, 600 8
Express messengers_________________ 9,138 9,129 9 8,211 8,207 4
15,867 15,887
17,397 17, 393 4
Mail carriers.............................................. 91,451 90,131 1,320 121,333 120, 204 1,129
Postmasters 20.............................................. 31,935 20,727 11,208 34,421 20,818 13,603
Radio operators................................... . . . . (!J) (u) (17) 4,955 4,000 40
Telegraph and telephone linemen............. 37,917 37,905 12 71,625 71. 024 1
Telegraph messengers................................. 9,403 8,989 434 16,176 15. 997 179
Telegraph operators.................................... 22 79,434 22 62,574 »716, 860 67,821 51,699 18.122
Telephone operators.................................... 190,100 11,781 178, 379 248,884 13,626 235,250
Other transportation and communication:
Apprentices, steam railroad, telegraph
and telephone, and other transportatlou,
etc...................................._............... M (Jl) (SB) 6,151 6,097 64
Aviators 20.................................................. 1,312 1,304 8 6,097 0,031 66
Foremen and overseers (n. o. .......... 29,863 29,824 39 52,135 52. 061 74
................................................ 30,197 20,652 645 37,990 34, 9S7 3,003
Air transportation.................................. (U) (ll) pi) 1,090 1, 085 5
Telegraph and telephone........................ 11,603 11, 059 544 18, 957 10, 084 2,873
Other transp. and communication....... 18,594 18, 493 1D1 17,943 17, 818 125
Other occupations....................................... 48,124 46, 634 1,490 86, 717 83, 794 1,023
Road, street, etc., building and repair-
ing.......................................................... 4,436 4,331
104 8, 505 8, 524 41
Steam railroad........................................ 28. 621 27, 9IC 705 42, 619 42. Oil 608
Street railroad........................................ 9,25S 9,088 171 13, 375 23, 242 133
Other transp. and communication___ 5,809 5, 299 510 21,158 20, 017 1,141
Trade......................................................... 4,257,884 3,685, 701 871, 983 6,081,407 6,118,787 062,680
Advertising agents..................................... (SO OT (si) 49,020 43, 304 5,656
Apprentices, wholesale and retail trade....... (4 m m 2, 444 2, 337 107
Bankers, brokers, and money lenders_____ 161,613 156, 309 5, 304 221, 50-1 212, 312 9,192
Bankers and bank officials......................... 82, 375 78,14S 4,226 03, 356 87, 429 5, 027
Commercial brokers and commission men. 27,552 27,352 194 23, 638 23, 352 286
Loan brokers and pawnbrokers................. 5,473 5,321 152 13, 602 12, 930 titVi
Stock brokers............................................... 29,609 20,232 376 70, 950 69,157 1,703
Brokers not specified and promoters......... 16,604 16,248 356 19,998 19, 444 554
“ Clerks” in stores &..................................... 413,918 243,621 170,397 401, 991 238.844 163,147
Commercial travelers..................................... 179,320 176,514 2,80(1 223, 732 219,790 3,942
Decorators, drapers, and window dressers.. 8,852 7, 692 1,155 20,149 13,911 0,238
Deliverymen, bakeries and stores33........... 170, 235 a* 170,031 a* 196 159, 444 159, 328 116
Floorwalkers and foremen in stores............. 20, C04 16,665 4,039 32,6G4 27, 928 4,036
Foremen, warehouses, stockyards, etc......... 5,833 6,802 31 5,590 5, 44C 159
6 N ot otherwise specified. 20 Selected occupations. •i Not classified separately in 1920.
28 Postmasters were classified in “Public service" in 1620.
a* Radio and. wireless operators were included with telegraph operators in 1920. 20 See note 4, p. 62.
29 Aviators, designated “Aeronauts” and classified in “Other professional pursuits" in 1920, ware trans*
ferred to “Transportation and communication” in 1930. , . . . .
30 Foremen in garages, greasing stations, etc., included in “ Other transportation and communication."
31 Classified in 1920 in the group “Agents" in “Clerical occupations.”
39 Group more strictly confined in 1930 than in 1620 to persons specifically returned as “ Clerks in stores."
33 Some deliverymen probably returned and classified as chauffeurs, others as teamsters or truck drivers.
31 Includes deliverymen for laundries classified in “Domestic and personal service" in 1030.

68 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 5 5 .—Gainful Workers 10 Years op Age and Over, by Occupation,
b y Sex, Continental United States: 1920 and 1930—Continued
Trade—Continued.
Inspectors, gaugers, and samplers..............
Insurance agents, managers, and officialsfnsurance
agents..........................................
Managers and officials, insurance cos.........
Laborers in coal and lumber yards, etc__
Coal yards and lumber yards..................
Grain elevators........... .............................
Stockyards................... ............................
Warehouses......................_......................
Other and not specified trade. . . ............
Laborers, porters, and helpers in stores__
Newsboys....................................................
Proprietors, managers, and officials (n. o. s.6)
Employment office keepers--....................
Proprietors, etc., advertising agencies___
Proprietors, etc., grain elevators__
Proprietors, etc., warehouses___ ______
Other proprietors, managers, and officials.
Real estate agents and officials................ .
Managers and officials, real estate cos.
Real estate agents...................................
Retail dealers _________ _______ ____
Automobiles and accessories....................
Books, music, news, and stationery____
Buyers and shippers of livestock and
other farm products.............................. .
Candy and confectionery..........................
Cigars and tobacco.................................
Coal and wood...........................................
Department stores.....................................
Drygoods, clothing, and boots and shoes..
Drugs and medicines 3?............................. .
Five and ten cent and variety stores___
Plour and feed-.-......................................
Pood (except groceries and hucksters’
goods)............................. ........................
Furniture* carpets, and rugs.....................
Gasoline and oil filling stations________
General stores.........„.............. ................
Groceries........................ ..........................
Hardware, implements, and wagons___
Hucksters and peddlers............. -...........
Ice............................................................
Jewelry......................................
Junk and rags................... _
Lumber...................................... ............
Opticians............................... . . . . I ___I
Other specified dealers.......................... _
Not specified dealers.................................
Salesmen and saleswomen______ _______
Auctioneers................................
Canvassers &.....................................
Demonstrators..............................
Sales agents....................................
Salesmen and saleswomen.......... __
Undertakers...................................................
Wholesale dealers, importers, and exporters!
Other pursuits in trade...............................
Advertising agencies__________
Grain elevators........................ I.II.III!
Warehouses and cold storage plants.........
Wholesale trade, and retail trade (except
automobile):
Fruit and vegetable graders and packers________
_______ ___________
Meat cutters............
Other occupations..........
Other trade industries.............
Public s ervice (not elsewhere classifle d).
Firemen, fire department...................
Guards, watchmen, and doorkeepers.
Laborers, public service......................
1920
Total Male Female
13,714 12,683 1,031
134, 978 129,589 5,389
119,918 114,835 5,083
15, 000 14, 754 306
125, 609 124,713 806
08,543 68,454 89
11,312 11,244 68
22,888 22,850 29
22,866 22,150 710
m (!.) (ii)
125,007 110, 602 8,4Q5
27,961 27,635 320
34,776 33,715 1, Q61
3,02fi ■ 2,357 669
(3 S ) ( 3 i )
w
8,858 8,836 22
6,353 6,310 43
10, 539 16,212 327
149,135 139,927 9,208
m (41) (ii)
(!1)
(“> (U)
1,328,275 1,249,295 78,980
28,768 28,626 142
25,369 23,028 2,341
48, 309 48,228 81
40,091 32,308 7,723
19,141 18,031 1, no
26,55G 26,057 499
11,752 10,800 952
133,100 121,379 11,727
80,157 76,995 3,162
5,908 4,899 1,069
9,309 9,212 97
202,444 196,838 5, 600
27,145 26,453 692
(S S )
(ss>
(J!)
SO, 026 76,317 3, 709
239,230 216,058 23,177
48,933 48,213 720
50,402 48,493 1,909
8,203 8,106 37
21,433 20,652 781
24,773 24,581 192
27,687 27,589 98
12.632 11, 743 889
as 91,107 38 85, 085 JS 6, 022
65,728 69, 483 6,245
1,192,199 826, 8GG 305, 333
5,04S 5, 045 3
14,705 10, 514 4,191
4,823 1,639 3,184
41,841 40,207 1,634
1,125,782 769,461 356,321
24,469 23,342 1,127
73, 574 72,780 794
67,611 52,106 15, 505
m)
OT (

P O P U L A T IO N — OCCUPATIONS 69
N o . 5 6 . G a in f u l W o r k e r s 10 Y e a r s o p A g e a n d O v e r , b y Oc c u p a t io n ,
b y S e x , C o n t in e n t a l U n it e d S t a t e s: 1920 a nd 1930— C ontinued
OCCUPATION
P u b l i c Service—C o n tin u ed .
M arshals, sheriffs, detectives, etc..
D etectives..................................
M arshals and constables____ I.
P robation and truant officers__
Sheriffs........................................
Officials and inspectors (city).__
Officials and inspectors (county)..
Officials and inspectors (State)__
aiT lnifllo un/1 4 /TT.St.j m
P o licem en____ 1...........
Soldiers, sailors, a n d marines 42............
O ther p u b lic service pursuits................
Professional service........................
Actors.........................
S h o w m e n ................IllIII""!"” !"II
A rchitects....... .................
rtists, sculptors, and teachers of art—
A uthors.....................................
E ditors and reporters__I—I——
Chemists, assayers, and metallurgists.
Clergym en............................................
College presidents and professors 48__
D entists................................................
esigners____... .
D raftsm en................... ~
Inventors.
.Lawyers, judges, and justices____
M usicians and teachers of music..
O steopaths.........................
Photographers................. .-III!II.
Physicians and surgeons__
T eachers (athletics, dancing, otc.).
Toachors (school). ._ .
Technical engineers.....................................
Oivil engineers and surveyors___"I
Electrical engineers...........................
Mechanical engineers 4) (IS) (“ ) 31,241 6, Q4E 24,592
18,409 12,046 6,703 47,042 30,141 17,801
c> m 0) 198,549 143,300 55,184
10,071 8,688 1,483 11,756 0,848 ’ 1,008
3,777 3,479 298 2,050 2,430 220
( I S ) (») (») 3,935 3,861 74
24,897 24,066 242 29,129 28.810 310
(“) (“> (IS) 11,916 9,203 2,713
(U) (SI) (I.) 1,023 1,888 36
s« 14,774 60 6,872 « 7,902 17,040 7,806 0,774
12,884 7,953 4,931 15,020 0,408 5,562
3,360 3,163 197 to, n s 9, 741 077
11,736 9,574 2,102 14,515 11, 613 3,002
m ,.(*>) (“) 1,819 1,639
« 41,078
180
« 14,151 1126,927 31,290 11,339 19,951
1118,395 “ 17,138 “ 1,257 19,723 18,001 1,032
’ figures for 1920 not available. » See note i, p. 62.
« i n 1920 this group included “Postmasters," elassifiedin ‘‘Transportationand eornmmilnotinr,” man
J f e d u t a ^ resident in continental United States atdaET o C e n * 1930*
,, Probably includes somo teachers m schools below collegiate rank.
? i AeS| ^ so, all technical engineers Dot elsewhere chemical and metallurgical engineers. « See note 29 u 67
« «

70 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 55.— G a in fu l W orkers 10 Y ears of Age and Over, by Occupation,
by Se x , Continental Un ited States: 1920 and 1930—Coutinued
OCCUPATION
m o 1930
Total Male Female Total Male Femalo
Professional service—Continued.
Semiprofossional, etc., pursuits—Contd.
Technicians and laboratory assistants.... « w „„ M , 15,988 8,288 7,700
Other occupotions__ ____ ______ . . . . . . . 4,267 3,187 1,070 10,521 8,765 1,760
Attendants and helpers______ .__________ (?) 10 « 170,384 114,769 55,626
Attendants, pool rooms, bowling alleys.
golf clubs, etc__________________ ___ («) M (“) 10,168 10,047 121
Dentists’ assistants and attendants.____ 6,708 1,768 4,940 13,715 770 12,945
Helpers, motion-picture production... . . . (“) ('•) (“) 2,213 1,234 079
Laborers, professional service________ _ («) H 25,383 23,762 1,021
Laborers, recreation and am usem ent..... (“) m m 29,893 29,468 435
Physicians’ and surgeons’ attendants..... 7,061 641 6,410 14,042 689 13,353
Stage hands and circus helpers_________ 6,803 6,377 426 4,274 4,099 175
Theater ushers......... .................... ........... 6,221 2,868 2,353 12,461 9,308 3,153
Other attendants and helpers__________ 6,629 4,039 2,890 52,236 29,392 22,843
Domestic and personal service________ 3, 379,666 1,183,818 2, 180, 882 4, 952,461 1, 772, 200 3,180, 251
Barbers, hairdressers, and manicurists.___ 216,211 182,965 33,246 374,290 201,099 113,194
Boarding and lodging house keepers______ 133,392 18,652 114,740 144,371 17,093 127, 278
Bootblacks...................................................... . 16,175 15,142 33 18,784 IS, 747 37
Charwomen and cleaners............................. 30,803 11,848 24,955 61,932 20,943 40,089
Cleaning, dyeing, and pressing shop workera..............................................................
21,667 17,094 4,573 88,118 66,615 21,003
Owners, managers, and officials.......... — m (21) m 22,116 10,822 2,294
Foremen and overseers____ ___________ w M W 319 470 349
Laborers.................................................... («) m 4,649 3.010 039
Other operatives___________ _________ m («) 00 60,034 A% 313 18,321
Elevator tenders.............. ...... ....................... 40,713 33,376 7,337 67,614 55,255 12,369
Hotel keepers and managers...................... 65.583 41.449 14i134 66,848 39,538 17,310
Housekeepers and s te w a rd s .......____ . . . 221,612 17,262 204,350 250,746 20,383 230, 303
Janitors and sextons...................................... 178,028 149,590 29,038 300, 625 273,805 36,820
Laborers, domestic and personal service___ M32,893 „ 13,092 12,230 1,453 24,545 22,482 2,003
Laundry operatives ”__________ _______ 120,715 39,968 80,747 240,704 80, 229 160,475
Deliverymen51______________________ ('») m 20,673 20*658 15
Foremen and overseers_______________ 3,611 2,076 1,535 6,337 3,583 2,754
Laborers___________________________ 13,107 6,570 6,637 10,203 11,001 8.292
Other operatives_____________________ 103,997 31,322 72,075 194,501 46,087 149,414
4,773 4,773 3,506 3,606
Nurses (not trained)________ ___ . . . . . . . . . 151,996 19,338 132,658 153,443 13,867 139,576
Porters (except in stores)_______________ 88,168 87,083 485 127,488 127,436 62
Domestic and personal service_________ f 57,612 67,699 13
Professional service__________________ t 7,700 7,760 16
Steam railroad_______ _______________ 22.513 22,486 27 27,648 27,647 1
Other porters (except in stores)................. 22,447 22,268 179 34,402 34.440 22
Restaurant, eafS, and lunch-roam keepers.. 87,987 72,343 15,044 105,406 125,398 40,008
Servants:
Cooks___. . . . . ___ . . . . . . . .____. . . . . . . . . . 398,476 129,857 268,01! 505,392 194,297 371,095
Other servants______________________ “ 872,471 «»128,966 « 743,515 1,433,741 109,877 1,203,864
Waiters____ __ ___________ . . . . ___ . . . . . 228.985 112,064 116,921 393,288 161,315 231,973
Other pursuits________________________ 63,300 61,381 1,619 33,830 32,022 1,808
Cemetery keepers____________________ 5,540 5.49C 44 9,762 9,706 57
Hunters, trappers, and guides_________ 7,332 7,283 44 6,210 6,132 87
Other occupations___________________ 50,428 48,597 1,831 17,840 16,185 1,604
Clerical occupations __. . . . . . . . . . . . 3,111,830 1,089,911 1,421,925 4,026,824 2,038,494 1,986,830
Agents, collectors, and credit men________ M161,067 »>149,427 «* 11,640 196,107 182,030 13,477
Bookkeepers, cashiers, and accountants___ 734,683 375,561 359,224 030, 648 447,937 482, 711
Accountants and auditors____ ______ _ 118,451 105.073 13,378 191, 671 174, 557 17,014
Bookkeepers and cashiers______ ______ 010,237 270,491 345,746 739, 077 273, 380 465, 697
Clerks (except “ olerks" in stores)................ 1,487,905 1,015,742 472,163 1.997.00C 1.290.447 706.553
Messenger, errand, and office boys and girls63 113,022 98,703 14,254 90,379 81,43C 8,949
Stenographers and typists______________ 615,154 60,410 664,744 811,190 30,050 776,140
7 Comparable figures for 1920 not available. « Not classified separately in 1920.
53 Largely distributed among 3 groups—“ Semiskilled operatives, other ohemical factories” ; “ Other
occupations” under “Somiprofessional pursuits”; and “ Other clerks” under “Clerical occupations.”
** included in 1020 in “ Other servants” in “ Domestic and personal service.”
MIncluded in “ Operatives, other and not specified manufacturing industries,” p. 64.
3ft “Laborers, professional service” ; “ Laborers, recreation and amusement’*; and “Laborers, domestic
and personal service” comprised the 1920 group “ Laborers, domestic and professional sorvico.
57 Some owners of hand laundries probably are included with laundry operatives.
« Some delivorymon probably returned as chauffeurs, u Included with “Deliverymen” in “ Trade.”
flo “ Attendants, pool rooms, bowling alloys, golf dubs, etc.,” classified in “Professional servico” in 1030,
formod a part of the 1920 group “Bellboys, chore boys, etc.,” which was a subgroup of tho group “ Servants.”
87 See noto 39, p. 68, and note 62 below.
®*“Advertising agents” classified in “Trade” in 1920 and “ County agonts, farm demonstrators, etc.,”
classified in “Professional service” in 1930, included with “Agents” in “ Clerical occupations” in 1920.
Canvassers, classified in “ Clerical occupations" in 1920, were transferred to “Trade" in 1930.
63 Except telegraph messengers.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tho Consus; Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, Vol. V.

RELIGIOUS BODIES 71
N o. 5 6 .— R e l i g i o u s B o d ie s — D e n o m in a tio n s , b y N u m b e r o f C h u r c h e s a n d
b y M e m b e r s h ip : 1926 a n d 1936
CHURCHES RE­
PORTING MEM­ NUMBER OF MEMBERS MEMBERSHIP BY AGE, 1030
denomination
BERS
1926 1936 1926 1930
Under 13 13 years Age not
years and over reported
All denominations____ 232, 154 199,302 64,676,346 65,872,366 7, 852,273 38,534,987 11,485, 126
Adventists (6 bodies) .............. 2,576 2.536 146,177 165,818 4,247 151,037 10, 531
Baptist bodies.............................. eo, 102 49,478 8,440,922 8,262,287 650,731 6,841,818 869, 788
Northern Baptist Convention.. 7,611 6; 284 1,289,966 1,329,044 60,691 1,114,460 153.893
Southern Baptist Convention. 23,374 13,815 3,524,378 2,700,155 135,152 2,181, 025 383,378
American Baptist Association.. 1,431 1,064 117.858 115.022 2,076 93.955 18,901
Negro Baptists........................ 22,081 23,093 3,196, 623 3,782,404 339,975 3.170.103 272, 386
Freo Will B aptists.-.............. 1,024 920 79,692 70,648 1,005 05,386 10,162
Primitive Baptists.................. 2,267 1,726 81,374 69,157 220 00,132 8,805
All other (15 bodies)................ 2,404 2,576 161,131 189,802 11,522 156,157 22, 123
B reth ren , Germ an B a p tis t
(Dunkers) (4 bodies)............... 1,279 1,381 158,248 188,290 13,511 158,118 16,601
1,913 2,113 202, OQR 268, 916
183,352 85, 563
Church of the Nazarene............. 1,444 2,197 63,558 136,227 8,472 120,030 7,725
Churches of Christ..................... 6,220 3,815 433, 714 309,551 748 23,603 285, no
Congregational and Christian
5,300
976,388 19, 657 737,665 219,066
Disciples of Christ...................... 7,648 5,506 1,377,595 1.196.315 76,783 980.815 138,717
Eastern Orthodox Ohurohea........ 446 658 259, S94 856,638 86,242 197,885 92, 711
Greek Orthodox Church......... 153 241 110,495 189,368 28,712 87,027 73,629
Bussian Orthodox Ohurch. .. 199 229 95,134 89,810 18,572 54,745 16,193
All other (0 bodies).................. 94 189 44,766 77,700 18,058 55,913 2,889
.'Evangelical Ohurch.................... 2,064 1, 095 208,080 212,446 10,197 194,697 7,652
Evangelical C ongreg atio n al
Church...................................... 163 160 20,449 23,894 920 22,218 750
Evangelical an d R eform ed
Church..................................... 2,990 2,875 675,804 723,877 55,493 490,046 178,388
Federated Churches................... 361 508 69, 077 88,411 2,477 73,478 12,456
Friends (4 bodies)....................... 885 717 110,422 93,697 11,904 79,868 1,925
3,118 3, 728 4,081,242 4,706,184
4,708,184
Latter-day Saints________ ____ 1,887 2,072 606, 661 774,169 173, 580 478,144 122,445
Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints............. . 1,275 1, 452 642, 194 678,217 168,668 405,705 103,844
Reorganized Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-Day Saints. 692 567 64,367 93,470 4,861 70,036 18,573
Ail other (4 bodies)..... ...........
53 2,482 51 2,403 28
Lutheran bodies___1.................. 8,988 14, 788 2,606,633 4,244,890
American Luth. Conference
5,855
1,424,442 1,016,194 3,081,889 143,807
350,780 1,023,013 50,649
Evangelical Luth. Synodical
C o n fe re n c e of N o rth
America1............................... 4,762 4,926 1,292,620 1,463,482 390, 261 1,056,647 10,674
United Lutheran Ohurch In
America............................. 3,650 3,484 1,214,340 1,286,612 261,481 949,928 75,203
All other (9 bodies).............. 594 523 99,573 70,354 16,672 52,301 1,381
Mennonites fl7 bodies)............ 826 913 87,164 114,337 2,846 99,454 12,037
Methodist bodies____________ 80,844 42.327 8.079; 619 7.001.637 601.834 5.505.090 894.713
Methodist Episcopal Church. 26; 130 18.349 4,080,777 3.509,703 237, 451 % 870,106 402,206
Methodist Protestant Church- 2,239 1,498 192,171 148,288 8,262 124.863 15,163
Methodist Episcopal, South.. 18,096 11,454 2,487,694 2,061,683 189, 988 1,561,805 309,890
African Methodist Episcopal. 6,708 4,578 545,814 493,357 57,005 364,274 71,478
African Mcth. Episcopal Zion. 2,466 2,252 456,813 414,244 65,820 332,376 16,048
Colored Methodist Episcopal 2,518 2,063 202,713 269,915 36, 201 160,836 72,878
All other (15 bodies)................ 2,487 2,133 113,637 104,387 6,507 90,830 7,050
P o lish N a tio n a l O atholio
Church........... ................... 91 118 61,574 03,306 13, 584 42,173 7,609
Presbyterian bodies_________ 14,744 12.685 2. 632.010 2. 613.663 98,708 2, 107,847 507,098
Presb. Church in the TJ. S. A.. 8,947 7,780 1,894,030 1,797,027 58,458 1,494,053 245,416
Cum berland Presb. Church 1,097 699 67,938 49,975 2,813 44,855 2,307
United Presbyterian Church. 901 778 171 571 170,967 6,821 155,165 9,981
Presb. Church In the U. S . 3,365 2,967 357, 769 449,045 28,506 377,938 42,601
All other (6 bodies)................. 434 452 40,702 45,739 3,110 35,836 6,793
Protestant Episcopal Church... 7,299 6,407 1,859,086 1,735,335 280,082 1,150,318 295,935
Reformed bodies.......................... 673 988 256,265 299,694 40. 884 248,806 10.005
Reformed Church in America. 717 695 163.739 184,536 10,847 171,958 1,731
All other (2 bodies)................ 256 291 102,626 115,158 30.037 76,847 8,274
Roman Catholic Church........... 18,940 18,400 18,605,003 19,914,937 4,650,061 12.310,771 2,948,106
1,052 1,088 74,768 103,038 30,209 72,829
Spiritualists (4 bodies)............ 611 424 60,631 27,362 2,242 21,703 3,407
Unitarians............. ................... 353 305 60.152 59.228 1,219 57,274 735
United Brethem (3 bodies). .. 3,375 2,762 395,888 392,897 27,580 344,365 20,952
Univcrsalist Church___ _____ 498 339 54.957 45.853 760 36,143 9,960
All other denominations............ 20,694 12,981 3,010,468 873,045 79,108 718,642 76,206
1 Represents the merger of the Congregational Churches and the General Convention of the Christian
Church. As it was formed since the Census of Religious Bodies, 1926, no comparative data are available.
2 Represents the federation of 5 separate bodies—namely, American Lutheran Church, Evaugelical
Lutheran Augustana Synod of North America, Norwegian Lutheran Church of America, Lutheran Free
Church, and United Danish Evangelical Lutheran Ghureh in America. As itwas formed since the Census
of Religious Bodies, 1926, no comparative data arc available.
9 Includes 4 synods, of which the largest is che Synod of Missouri, Ohio, and other States.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Religious Bodies, Part I.

7 2 AREA AND POPULATION
No. 57.— Religious Bodies— Value of Chuech Edifices, Expenditures,
and N umber and Membership op Sunday Schools: 1936
DENOMINATION
All denominations,.................
Adventists (0 bodies)..................
Baptist bodies..................................
Northern Baptist Convention__
Southern Baptist Convention___
American Baptist Association..._
Negro Baptists.............................
Freo Will Baptists...................
Primitive Baptists...................
All other (15 bodies).....................
Brethren, German Baptist (Bunkers)
(4 bodies)................................
Church of Christ, Scientist..............
Church of tho Nazarene...................
Churches of Christ......................
Congregational and C h ristian
Churches ..................._
Disciples of Christ........................
Eastern Orthodox Churches..............
Greok Orthodox Church
Russian Orthodox Church___
All other (0 bodies).............. .. _
Evangelical Church.........
E vnngolical C o n g re g a tio n a l
Church....... .........................
Evangelical and Reformed Church.
Federated Churches...........
Friends (4 bodies).......................
Jewish Congregations............
latter-day Saints...................
Church of Jesus Christ of Latterday
Saints..........................
Reorganized Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter Day Saints__
All other (4 bodies!.. . .
Lutheran bodies............ ..
American Lutheran Conference..
Evangelical Lutheran Synodical
Conference of North America..
United Lutheran Church in
America......................
All other (9 bodies)............
Monnonites fl 7 bodies)...
Methodist bodies .
Methodist Episcopal Church
Mothodist Protestant Church..
Methodist Episcopal, South .
African Mothodist Episcopal
African M ethodist Episcopal
Zion............................
Colored Mothodist Episcopal.
All other G5 bodies')....
Polish National Catholic Church .
Presbyterian bodies. ... .
Presbyterian C hurch in the
V. S. A ...........................
Cumberland Presbyterian
Church..............
United Presbyterian Church
Presbyterian Church in the U. S
All other f6 bodies')... .
Protestant Episcopal Church_____
Reformed bodies. . .
Reformed Church in America..
All other (2 bodies')___
Roman Catholic Ohnrch
SalvationArmv—... .. .
Spiritualists (4 bodies')
Unitarians....... .................
United Brethren (3 bodies). .
Universalist Church____
All other denominations.
VALUE OF CHUECH
EDIFICES
Churches
reporting
Amount
EXPENDITURES
DURING YEAR
Churches
reporting
Amount
SUNDAY SCHOOLS
Churches
reporting
Number
of
scholars
173,754 83,411,816,467 188, 767 $518,953,671 162, 201 18,389,020
1,758 8,776,620 2,417 0, 574, 658 1, 845
44,251
119,756
389, 661, 696 47, 617 55,779,246 42, 870 4,382, 097
5,922 167,576,463 6,168 19,577,463 5,904
12,370
892,872
117, 706, 295 13,521 19,630,844 12,161 1.604.105
848 1, 507, 798 1,020 352,529 798
21, 045
50, 008
93, 798,181 22,652 14,978, 500 21, 076
692
1,656,638
1, 090, 779 843 102,620 609 42, 455
1, 365 2,180,047 1, 054 157, 530 41
2,009
2, 631
5, 742, 133 2,259 889, 754 1, 297 73, 388
1,243
1, 544
1,701
2,932
4,084
5,083
524
107
214
143
1,060
155
2,697
477
630
2, 024
1,434
1,040
380
14
18,472
5,524
4,175
3,384
389
696
39, 853
17,719
1,410
10,740
4,078
2,008
1,979
1,910
108
11, 509
7,022
617
737
2,762
371
5,715
903
627
276
15,061
828
89
228
2,629
307
8,659
9,900,815
65,361,301
8,987,961
10, 717,977
149, 755,0-41
88, 070,194
13, 694,231
6, 688, 227
4, 926, 500
2, 079,504
21,043, 229
3,296,428
77, 581, 798
10,870,046
5,366,674
123, 284, 677
20,774,350
19, 004, 244
1, 015,120
94, 980
279,428, 601
81,027,758
78,292, 729
117, 577,984
2,530,130
4, 767,432
540,194,814
345,402, 555
12,533,920
137,567,532
20,710,623
14,750,165
6,148,826
9,081,187
3, 409, 265
852, 755, 588
270,464,345
2,160,676
23,070,774
53,197,115
3,856,678
266,400,447
80,826,420
24,851,873
5,474, 556
787,001,357
21,781,052
934,165
19,098,977
28,253,033
9,286,523
55,104,146
1,333
2,076
2, 152
3, 533
5, G31
5,361
638
240
227
171
1,687
100
2, 822
492
606
2, 159
1,984
1,416
480
38
14,485
5,799
4,726
3,468
492
840
41, 637
18,157•
1,463
11,300
4,523
2,230
1,886
2,078
117
12,015
7,272
1,720,956
10, 429,418
3,797, 224
2, 274, 432
16,110,465
11, 273, 964
1,991,119
1,013,132
501, 433
386,554
4, 057, 521
401, 969
9, 325, 381
1,408, 560
898, 758
14, 404, 427
3,373,466
2, 963, 690
399,010
10, 766
43,431,160
13,187,871
15,433,728
14,366,730
442,822
1,111,773
79, 563,248
46,231,459
1,704,717
21,558,363
4,059,809
2,319,367
1,378,746
2,310,787
422,188
48,210,689
34,316,610
651 376,524
775 3,711,043
2,895 9,123,628
422 682,884
6,117 29,288,532
948 5,670, 517
657 4,010,032
291 1,660,485
15,720 139,073,358
1,085 6,056,923
380 296,005
300 1,846,760
2,730 4,574,149
301 824,170
12,081 14,702,529
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Religious Bodies, Part I.
1, 104
1, 742
2, 098
2, 935
4, 815
5,171
299
129
101
69
1, 559
155
2, 661
484
591
1, 028
1,900
1, 431
449
26
12, 373
4,909
3,821
3,334
309
685
37,010
16,228
1,331
9,374
4,207
2,059
1,976
1,835
72
11,685
7,378
569
758
2,576
404
4,929
924
675
249
8,053
1,075
71
268
2,603
208
10,976
138,123
139, 758
220, 608
191,150
526,907
761, 257
21, 549
13,553
4,293
3, 703
248,666
30,193
480, 909
61, 502
52,057
104,392
293,885
264,321
28,451
913
1, 976,102
444,417
289,795
627,181
14,709
113,136
4, 647, 631
2,515,181
121,983
1,261,966
238.185
167,362
94,668
148.186
4,091
1.686.105
1,154,985
35,206
133.226
331,833
30,855
432, 679
153, 951
119,317
34,634
972,891
122,463
2,797
14,879
337,154
12,811
833.227

2. DEFECTIVES AND DELINQUENTS
[Data in this sootion rotate to continental United States]
No. 5 8 .— M e n ta l P a tie n ts , M e n ta l D efectives, and E pileptics i n S ta te
In stitu tio n s, and P ris o n e rs in S ta te and F e d e ra l P risons and Reform ­
a to rie s: 1910 to 1939
[Ratio equals number per 100,000 population]
Y E A R
STATE HOSPITALS FOB MENTAL
DISEASE 1
Patients present
Jan. 1
Numb
e r
Ratio
First admissions
Ratio
STATIC INSTITUTIONS FOR,
MENTAL DEFECTIVES AND
EPILEPTICS
Patients presout
Jan. 1
Number
Numb
e r
First admissions
Ratio
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS
AND REFORMATORIES
Prisoners present
Jan. 1
Ratio
Prisoners
rocoived from
courts
Ratio Numbor
Number
Numbor
1910........... 1.59, 090 173.0
317, 411 18.9
68,736 74.7 20,710 32.5
1922........... 222, 40(5 204.0 B0,2H6 45.8 43, 679 40.0 ” 7,'467" "(UT
1923......... 229, 064 207.5 40, 680 42.1 81, 050 74.0 38,628 34.6
1930 a........ 280, 252 228.8 02, 738 61.1 08, 085 55.5 10,137 8.3 120, 400 104.1 60,013 60.0
10311........ 202, 284 230.3 07, 152 54.1 72, 606 68.7 10,727 s .s 120, 453 110.0 71,520 60.9
1932 a........ 305,031 244. 8 07, 083 53, 7 70, 720 61.6 10, 570 8,7 137, 082 118. 2 07,47 7 57.8
1033 >......... 321, 824 250. 7 09, 308 65. 2 84,131 (17. 1 10, SOI) 8.6 137, 007 110.9 62,801 52.9
1034 f......... 332, 094 203. 1 09, 934 55.2 87, 382 09.2 10.670 8.3 136, 8)0 115. 0 02, 251 51.9
1035 i ........ 342, 107 200.1 72,438 60. 8 89, 700 70.11 10, 290 8.1 138, 316 115.3 65, 723 54.3
1030 I......... 353,604 27(1. 2 76, 309 50.4 91, 754 71.7 9,884 7. 7 144,180 119. 2 60,925 50. 0
1037 t........ 364, 563 282. 9 78, 217 00.5 03, 772 72.8 11, 357 8.8 145,038 119.1 03,562 51.8
1038 !......... 374, 169 288. 2 70,408 01.4 90,897 74.0 10,322 8.0 152.654 08,326 ( State
490,019
444,989
54,930
1,300
53,504
153,300
110,323
33,222
9,845
139,415
00,909
11,3(58
30, 203
875
513,804
457, 083
55,011
1,422
54,480
424,028
374,109
49,850
1,300
48, 403
106,220
70,408
21,085
5,727
06,168
66,706
15,142
25, 514
4,734
451
10,015
6,682
30,977
741
436,002
384, 573
50, 519
1,422
40,007
111, 679
90,095
14,584
12,488
10,711
845
932
9,609
5,346
1,297
2,813
53
114,558
99,343
15, 216
113,700
08,705
14,995
802
14,103
14,750
12,550
901
1,239
11,328
0,647
1,527
3,004
58
117,184
102,333
14,851
980
13,871
116,644 111,304
102, 010 96,897
14,028 14, 407
1,081 1,081
13,547 13, 386
13,290 11, 828
11,014 10,322
900 844
680
10,023
6,214
970
2,702
77
110,91!
105,408
14,413
1,269
13,144
662
8,722
6,289
810
2,540
77
114,470
100,217
14, 263
1, 269
12,984
On parole or otherwise nbsont.......
1Institutions uncior Federal, State, private, anti local government control.
Soureo or tables 58 and 50: Dopartmont ol Commerce, Bureau of tho Census; annual reports, Patients In
Hospitals for Montnl Diseaso, Montal Defectives and Epileptics in Institutions, anti Prisoners.
2 0 7 7 0 0 ° — 4 1 -------- 7 73

7 4 DEFECTIVES AND DELINQUENTS
No. 6 0 .— P a t ie n t s in H o spit a l s fo e, M e n t a l D is e a s e a n d i n I n s t i t u t i o n s
fo r M e n t a l D e f e c t iv e s a n d E p il e p t ic s , by S t a t e s : 1938
[Katio equals number per 100,000 population as estimated for July 1, 1937]
PATIENTS IN HOSPITALS FOR MEN­
TAL DISEASE
MENTAL DEFECTIVES AND EPILEPTICS IN
INSTITUTIONS
On
books
at boginning
of
year
First admissions during
year
Total
Male
On
books
at begin­
Ratio
ning of
year
Female
Total
First admissions during year
Male
Female
Ratio
Defective
l£piloptfo
United States
New England:
Maine..............
NewHampshire
Vermont..........
Massachusetts
Rhode Island..
Connecticut__
Middle Atlantioi
New York.......
New Jersey___
Pennsylvania..
E. N. Central:
Ohio...............
Indiana............
Illinois.............
Michigan.........
Wisconsin........
W. N. Central:
Minnesota___
Iowa................
Missouri..........
North Dakota-
South Dakota.
Nebraska.........
Kansas.............
South Atlantic:
Delaware.........
Maryland........
Dist.ofCol......
Virginia...........
West Virginia.
North Carolina
South Carolina.
Georgia..-.......
Florida.............
E. S. Central:
Kentucky........
Tennessee........
Alabama..........
Mississippi......
W. S. Central:
Arkansas.........
Louisiana........
Oklahoma........
Texas...............
Mountain:
Montana.........
Idaho___ ___
Wyoming........
Colorado..........
New Mexico...
Arizona........
Utah...............
Nevada............
Pacific:
Washington__
Oregon.............
California........
499,919 110,323 64,861
2.780
2,244
1,835
26,751
2,962
8,058
77,416
18,633
38,056
24,292
10,210
32,742
IS, 016
12,844
12,034
9, 992
13,041
2,039
1,017
4.300
5,531
1,322
9.052
5,862
13,643
4,117
8,490
4.780
9,601
4,843
7,319
6, 257
7,584
6,075
6,180
6,832
7,705
14,290
1,908
1.053
1,065
4,783
866
1,069
1,140
355
7.301
4,880
26,154
518
448
574
4.277
641
2.277
14,665
5,031
5,189
5,178
1,997
8,662
4,281
2,716
1,999
1,920
3, 278
415
287
742
1,049
246
2,399
789
3,159
1,083
2,404
1,372
1,737
655
2,289
1,901
2,916
2,046
1,913
2, 012
1,476
3,322
365
244
111
592
188
253
244
81
1,503
1,081
7,729
291
244
312
2,330
318
1,213
7,895
2,880
2,891
2,744
1,147
5,307
2,301
1,551
1,237
1,179
1,837
287
164
444
568
142
1,414
518
2,137
667
1,499
803
1,007
361
1,509
1,144
2,261
1,205
1,333
1,038
898
1,989
245
161
79
423
107
163
141
59
931
679
4, 538
1includes 652 persons neither defective nor epileptic.
45,462 85.4 116,644 111,814 6,281 5,338 9.0 8,979 1,983
227 60. 5 1,017 105 58 47 12.3 105
204 87.8 636 104 44 60 20.4 93 l i
262 149.9 308 26 4 22 6.8 24
1,947 96.6 7,900 428 232 196 9.7 320 80
323 94.1 1,027 62 22 40 9.1 61 1
1,084 130.8 1,340 46 25 21 2.6 34 12
6,770 113.2 20,192 2,669 1,516 1,153 20.6 2,027 301
2,151 115.8 6,613 637 297 340 14.7 330 163
2,298 51.0 7,821 474 264 210 4.7 354 90
2,434 76.9 8,695 696 381 315 10.3 449 247
850 57.5 4,000 282 136 146 8.1 175 107
3,355 110.0 9,151 1,087 638 449 13.8 933 148
1,890 88.0 6,675 426 257 169 8.8 373 53
1,165 92.8 3,255 373 191 182 12.7 341 18
762 75.4 3,424 465 226 239 17.5 398 73
750 75.6 3, 392 158 71 87 6.2 126 32
1,441 82.2 2,047 338 181 157 8.5 255 82
128 58.8 911 90 48 42 12.7 90
123 41.5 701 60 30 30 8.7 46 10
298 54.4 1, 604 103 49 54 7.6 83 16
481 56.3 2,166 199 107 92 10.7 101 08
104 94.3 444 67 38 29 25.7 61 6
985 142.9 1,148 104 54 50 6.2 102 2
271 125.8 760 45 27 18 7.2 39 5
1,022 116.7 1,668 256 129 127 9.4 181 74
416 58.1 81 5 5 .3 4 1
905 68.8 693 49 23 26 1.4 48 1
569 73.2 744 51 19 32 2.7 46 2
640 56.3 334 26 12 14 .8 26
294 39.2 540 93 47 46 6.6 59 34
780 78.4 976 47 29 18 1.6 32 15
817 67.8 638 50 27 32 2.0 56 3
655 100.7 639 29 19 10 1.0 29
751 100.1 344 46 20 26 2.3 46 ____
580 93.4
974 94.4 1,050 71 4i 30 3.3 55 16
578 57.9 994 87 __39 48 3.4 67 20
1,333 53.8 2,671 615 361 254 10.0 441 1GS
120 67.7 417 101 52 49 18.7 98 3
83 49.5 541 34 11 23 6.0 27 7
32 47.2 475 32 17 15 13.6 27 4
169 55.3 629 38 24 14 3.5 33 5
81 44.5 86 10 5 5 2.4 9 1
90 61.4
103 47.0 543 169 100 69 32.6 156 22 80.2
13
572 90.7 1,570 168 92 76 10.1 146 22
402 105.3 1,090 84 50 34 8.2 84
3,191 125.6 4,688 500 263 237 8.1 419 41
M o X f D & S ropotts' *» Hospitals lor

MENTAL PATIENTS 75
No. 6 1 .— F ir s t A d m is s io n s t o H o s p it a l s f o r M e n t a l D is e a s e , b t P s y c h o s is ,
b y S ex: 1937 a n d 1938
NUMBER PERCENT D IS T R IB U T IO N
Admitted
1038
1038 to
PSYCHOSIS
1937,
1337,
State
total
Total Male Female total Total Male
Female
hospitals,
1988
Grand total................................ 110,082 110,323 64,831 45,462 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.9 79,408
Total with psychosis................ 03,236 93,541 51,886 41,656 84.7 84.8 80.0 91.6 69,753
General paresis.......... __............ 7,517 7,827 6,126 1,701 6.8 7.1 9.4 3.7 6,112
Other forms of syphilis of the C.N. 8. 1,629 1,497 1,073 424 1.5 1.4 1.7 .9 1,082
With epidemic encephalitis........ 373 332 215 117 .3 .3 .3 .3 254
With other infectious diseases......... 639 456 248 208 .6 .4 .4 .6 315
Alcoholic................................ . ........ 5,639 4,940 4,131 809 5.1 4.5 6.4 1.8 3,434
Due to drugs and other exogenous
poisons.......................................... 663 634 316 318 .6 .6 .5 .7 316
Traumatic.......................................... 586 624 636 88 .6 .6 . 8 . 2 471
With cerebral arteriosclerosis.......... 1 1 ,5 4 3 1 1 ,9 8 9 6 ,9 1 0 5 ,0 7 9 1 0 .6 1 0 .9 1 0 .7 1 1 . 2 1 0 ,4 0 7
With pfcher disturbances of circulatio
n ................................................ 7 4 2 7 2 0 4 3 0 2 6 0 . 7 . 7 . 7 . 6 5 4 8
With convulsive disorders—............. 1 ,9 5 2 1 ,9 4 2 1 ,1 1 8 8 2 4 1 . 8 1 . 8 1 . 7 1 . 8 1 ,5 8 6
Senile.................................................. 8 , 5 3 0 8 , 6 7 6 4 ,4 3 6 4 ,1 4 1 7 . 7 7 . 8 6 . 8 9 . 1 6 ,5 4 4
Involutional psychoses..................... 3 ,6 7 7 3 ,8 4 5 9 5 6 2 ,8 8 9 3 . 3 3 . 6 1 . 5 6 . 4 2 ,6 3 3
Due to other metabolic, etc., cliseases............................................
1 ,3 9 3 1 ,3 3 8 5 6 1 7 7 7 1 . 3 1 . 2 . 9 1 . 7 1 ,0 9 0
With organic changes of the nervous
system.................................... ........ 8 7 6 8 9 5 5 7 2 3 2 3 . 8 . 8 . 9 . 7 659
Psychoneurosos...................... .......... 3 ,7 9 5 4 , 2 2 9 1 ,8 1 6 2 ,4 1 3 3 . 4 3 . 8 2 . 8 5 , 3 2 ,2 3 4
Manic-depressive.............................. 1 2 ,6 2 6 1 2 ,2 8 2 5 ,0 4 7 7 ,2 3 5 1 1 . 5 1 1 .1 7 . 8 1 5 . 9 8 ,6 1 9
Dementia praccox (schizophrenia) . 2 0 ,6 5 8 2 1 ,2 7 9 1 1 ,5 0 0 9 ,7 7 0 1 8 . 8 1 9 .3 1 7 .7 2 1 . 5 1 6 ,3 9 5
Paranoia and paranoid conditions.- 1 ,8 1 2 1 ,8 6 2 8 7 1 9 9 1 1 . 6 1 . 7 1 . 3 2 . 2 1 ,2 0 1
With psychopathic personality....... 1 , 2 5 2 1 ,2 0 7 7 9 5 4 1 2 1 .1 1 . 1 1 . 2 . 9 854
With mental deficiency.......... .. 3 , 0 8 9 3 ,0 6 6 1 ,7 0 4 1 ,3 5 1 2 . 8 2 . 8 2 . 6 3 . 0 2 ,5 5 4
All other with psyohosis................. 4 ,2 4 6 4 ,0 1 2 2 ,5 1 6 1 ,4 9 6 3 . 9 3 . 6 3 . 9 3 . 3 2 ,4 3 3
Total without psyohosis........... 1 3 ,8 4 3 1 0 ,7 8 2 1 2 ,9 7 8 3 ,8 0 6 1 5 .3 1 5 .2 2 0 . 9 8 . 4 9 ,6 6 6
Epilepsy............................................ 583 641 4 2 6 2 1 5 . 5 . 6 . 7 . 5 3 0 2
Mental deficiency............................. 1, 587 1 ,6 8 6 1 ,0 5 1 6 3 5 1 . 4 1 . 6 1 . 6 1 . 4 1 ,3 6 7
Alcoholism.......... ............................ 8 ,4 5 3 7 ,6 0 4 6 ,6 6 2 9 4 2 7 . 7 6 . 9 1 0 . 3 . 2 . 1 4 ,2 3 0
Drug addiction................................. 9 3 4 9 3 1 5 3 4 397 . 8 . 8 . 8 . 9 4 2 0
Psychopathic personality................ 885 1 .0 9 6 8 1 5 2 8 0 . 8 1 . 0 1 . 3 . 6 6 7 8
Primary bohavior disorders_____ 340 4 0 8 236 172 .3 ,4 ,4 .4 271
All other without psyohosis............. 4, 0 5 5 4, 417 3 ,252 1,165 3,7 4.0 5 .0 2.0 2 ,3 2 7
No. 6 2 .— P a t ie n t s W it h P s y c h o s is i n S t a t e H o s p it a l s f o b M e n t a l
D is e a s e — D is c h a r g e s a n d D e a t h s , b y P s y c h o s is : 1937 a n d 1938
PSYCHOSIS
Total i
Discharges
1937 1338
Deaths
in
hospitals
Total i
Discharges
Deaths
in
hospitals
Recovered
Improved
Recovered
Im ­
proved
Total............... .......................... 42,833 18,760 23,783 31,663 45,841 15,142 36, 614 30,213
General paresis................................... 2, 496 278 1,883 3,421 2,629 325 1,077 3,315
With other forms of syphilis of the
C. N . S............................................. 548 97 402 520 598 102 425 528
With epidemic encephalitis.......... 169 13 112 123 164 28 09j 101
With other infectious diseases.......... 238 115 100 220 210 110 85 162
Alcohollo............................................. 3,736 2,363 1,210 672 3,781 2,306 1,334 551
Duo to drugs and other exogenous
poisons............................................. 356 205 133 48 339 310 n o 41
Traumatic........................................ 284 88 173 108 331 90 207 126
With cerebral arteriosclerosis........... 2,625 386 1,748 7,067 2,620 460 1,750 6,821
With other disturbances of oirculation...................................................
182 64 92 387 261 62 166 396
With convulsive disorders................ 1,075 152 672 951 1,098 170 712 919
Senile................................................... 990 63 644 5,779 1,009 73 648 5,379
Involutional psychoses...................... 1,307 494 692 716 1,560 578 835 679
Duo to other metaholio, eto., dis*
eases................................................. 741 283 381 637 659 285 306 551
With organio changes of the nervous
system.............................................. 287 48 175 476 334 49 205 418
Psychoneuroses.................................. 2,270 748 1,242 152 2,471 833 1,426 153
Manic-dopressivs............................... 10,056 5,507 3,951 2,816 10,840 6,081 4,128 2, 600
Dementia praecox (schizophrenia). . 10,893 1,648 7,713 5,641 12,036 1,025 8,411 5,242
Paranoia and paranoid conditions... 847 128 574 433 003 193 573 413
With psychopathic personality____ 1,012 510 414 208 1.024 530 400 82
With mental deficiency..................... 1, 599 383 870 882 1,804 482 1,022 913
All other with psychosis......... -........ 1,237 292 614 799 1,170 232 605 823
' Includes tboso discharged as unimproved or with condition not reported.
Source of tables 01 and 02: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual reports, Patients
In Hospitals for Mental Disease.

76 DEFECTIVES AND DELINQUENTS
N o. 6 3 .— F i h s t A d m issio n s t o S t a t e H o s p i t a l s f o r M e n t a l D i s e a s e ,
P a t i e n t s W ith P s y c h o s is O n ly — B y S e x a n d A g e G r o u p s : 1937 a n d
1938
ITEM
1937 1938
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Total............................................ 68,849 38,016 30,633 69,763 88,439 31,314
Age:
Under 15 y e a rs........................................ 362 190 172 316 173 143
15 to 19............................................... 2,803 1,579 1, 224 2,840 1,578 1,262
20 to 24_____ ___________ 5,347 3,013 2,334 5,374 3,109 2,265
25 to 29.............................. ............. 8,481 3,408 3,013 6,402 3,404 2,908
30 to 34............................................. 6,564 8,571 2,993 6, 763 3,689 3,074
35 to 30................................................ 6,002 3,808 3,184 6,940 3,763 3,177
40 to 44...,.......................................... 6,193 3, 272 2,921 6,172 3,172 3,000
6,014 3,208 2,806 6,136 3,107 3,029
50 to 54................................................ 8,639 3,078 2,561 5,684 3,082 02, 602
55 to 50................................................ 4,605 2,660 1,935 4,756 2,684 2,072
60 to 64.............. ................................ 4,220 2,407 1,819 4,361 2, 514 1,847
65 to 69.............................................................. 4,000 2,411 1,589 4, 308 2,467 1,841
70 and o v e r...................................................... 9,029 5,168 3,861 9,163 5,268 3, 805
604 383 221 538 330 199
N o . 6 A .— F ir s t A d m issio n s to I n s t it u t io n s f o r M e n t a l D e f e c t i v e s a n d
E pileptics— B y S e x , M e n t a l S t a t u s , a n d T y p e o f E p il e p s y : 1937 a n d
1938
1938
STATUS AND TYPE
1037,
total
Total
State Institutions
Other institutions
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Defective, total____________
Idiot..................................
Imbecile.......... . .................
Moron...............................
Not reported..,..................
Epileptic, total...............1.........
Symptomatic__________
Idiopathic______ ______
Not reported...................
Neither defective nor epileptic.
9,607 8,979 8,337 4,484 3,863 642 336 307
1,596 1,409 1,361 757 604 48 25 23
3,072 2,803 2,554 1,363 1,191 249 146 104
4,596 4,300 4,070 2,147 1,923 239 122 117
343 458 352 217 135 106 43 63
3,250 i,98S 1,386 i , m 766 97 33 64
537 461 448 293 155 13 4 9
1,262 1,210 1,187 684 503 23 4 19
460 312 251 144 107 61 25 36
684 662 99 34 65 553 274 279
N o. 6 5 . ^ P risoners i n State and F ederal P risons and R eform atories—
R eceived F rom Courts, b y Color, N ativity, Age Groups, a n d Se x : 1936,
1937, and 1938
COLOR, NATIVITY,
AND AGE
1930 1937
1938
Total Male
Female
AGE 1930 1937
1938
Total Male
Fomalft
Total.......... 60,925 83,552 88,326 65, 087 3,259
Color and nativity:
■White............. 44,70S 46, 325 49,714 47,559 2,158
N ative......... 41,513 43.103 46,421 44, 445 1,976
Foreign-horn. 3,105 3,222 3,293 3,114 179
N rcto............... 15,478 16,443 17,846 16,765 1,080
All other........... 739 784 767 743 24
Ace:
Under 18 years. 21 42 32 31 2
15 to 17______ 2,322 2,95? 2,825 2,632 103
1 8 -................... *2,005 2,89f 3,34C 3,165 175
1 9 -................... 3,020 3,238 3,577 3,423 154
Age—Con.
20............... . 2,921 3,060 3,388 3,214 144
21 to 24............. 12,159 12, 221 13,134 12, 585 549
25 to 29............. 11,858 U , 515 12,830 11,957 582
30 to 34............ 8,217 8, 566 8,955 8,510 446
35 to 39............. 6,454 6,950 7,148 6,746 402
40 to 44............. 4,116 4,481 4,732 4,519 213
45 to 49______ 2,817 3,079 3,211 3,062 140
50 to 54............. 1,891 1,952 2,115 2,024 91
55 to 59______ 1,137 1,249 1,208 1,169 39
60 to 64............. 634 667 610 892 27
66 and over___ 562 621 601 586 15
Unknown........ 108 03 931 852 79
Source of tables 03,64, and 65: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual reports, Patients
in Hospitals for Mental Disease, Mental Defectives and Epileptics in Institutions, and Prisoners,

PRISONERS 77
No. 6 6 .— P r i s o n e r s m S t a t e a n d F e d e r a l P r i s o n s a n d R e f o r m a t o r i e s —
P r e s e n t J a n u a r y 1 a n d R e c e iv e d F ro m C o u r t s D u r i n g t h e Y e a r : 1936,
1937, a n d 1938
PRESENT JAN. 1
PRISONERS RECEIVED FROM COURTS
STATE
1036 1037 1938 1036 1037
1038
Total Male Female
United States1______ 144,180 145,038 152,654 60,925 63,552 68,323 65,007 3,259
Federal prisons ........._........ 14,762 15,374 15,309 11,456 11,171 12,538 12,116 422
State prisons.................... 129, 418 129,684 137,345 48,466 62,381 55,788 52, 951 2,837
New England:
Maine................. .............. 524 504 574 310 320 371 308 63
New Hampshire................ 228 257 262 111 113 118 117 1
Vermont............................ 386 326 332 287 272 313 28G 27
Massachusetts................... 2,034 2,899 3,265 952 1,025 916 611 305
Rhode Island..................... 580 581 564 503 608 528 492 36
Connecticut....................... 1,299 1,243 1,204 531 576 521 359 162
Middle Atlantic:
New York.......................... 9,891 10,379 11,263 3,179 3,119 3,203 2,902 301
Now Jersey........................ 3, HO 3,079 3,457 1,481 1, 556 1,577 1,428 149
Pennsylvania..................... 6,511 6,034 6, 668 1,846 2,159 2,437 2,330 107
East North Central:
Ohio................................... 8,645 8,174 8,795 2, 249 2, 636 2, 973 2,885 S8
Indiana.................. ...... 4,474 4,360 4,669 1,363 1,395 1,451 1,403 43
Illinois............................... 10, 579 9,848 11,137 1, 592 1,736 1,797 1,702 95
Michigan........................... 7,206 6,503 6 ,m 2,385 2,441 2,726 2,611 115
Wisconsin.......................... 2,331 2,819 2,791 966 2,391 2, 523 2,414 109
West North Central:
Minnesota.......................... 2,594 2,506 2,379 882 873 1,008 953 55
Iowa................................. 2,835 2,733 2,664 794 894 839 777 02
Missouri........................„ 4,671 4,917 4,855 1,384 1, 734 1, 960 1,914 46
North Dakota................... 268 271 255 215 204 236 234 9
South Dakota . .............. 571 557 528 290 260 272 204 8
Nebraska........................ 1,266 1,303 1,266 636 647 530 514 16
Kansas.............................. 2,705 2,796 2,534 1,026 908 896 841 55
South Atlantic: 1
Delaware........................... 470 525 521 279 238 224 213 11
Maryland.......................... 2,899 2,947 2,752 2,870 2,700 3, 047 2,920 127
District of Columbia........ 1,430 1,668 1,670 663 666 733 095 38
Virginia............................. 3,794 4,074 4,248 1,861 1,913 2, 004 1,942 02
West Virginia.................... 2,294 2,322 2,396 1,070 998 1, 037 1,008 29
North Carolina... ______ S, 283 3,616 3,818, 1,445 1,405 1,441 1,333 108
South Carolina.................. 1,244 1,310 1,250 656 005 661 610 51
Florida............................... 2,849 3,233 3,254 1,254 1,348 1,340 1,281 59
East South Central:1
Kentucky.......................... 3,306 4,261 4,174 2,181 1,829 2,012 1,959 53
Tennessee.......................... 3,093 3,071 3,024 1,726 1,442 1,420 1,366 54
Mississippi........................ m « 2,671 m ft 914 876 39
West South Central:
Arkansas............................ 1,872 1, S59 1,917 971 945 869 846 23
Louisiana__ __________ 3,001 3,044 3,274 1,004 1,193 1,176 1,101 75
Oklahoma.......................... 4,670 4,256 3,904 2,410 2,102 2,210 2,146 64
Texas.................................. 5,904 6,948 6,400 2,829 2,974 3,230 3,145 85
Mountain:
Montana............................ 562 538 578 277 317 333 330 3
Idaho.................................. 300 305 325 197 203 210 209 1
322 363 • 364 116 202 190 190
Colorado............................ 1,321 1,359 1,437 716 885 891 879 12
Now Mexico...................... 604 559 651 343 410 386 378 S
Arizona............................... 613 688 696 377 397 338 335 3
Utah.................................. 325 278 304 109 159 147 143 4
Nevada. ............................ 186 197 230 113 141 133 ISO 3
Pacific:
Washington....................... 2,012 1,986 2,166 768 783 841 825 16
Oregon.............................. 909 1,060 1,035 463 521 528 524 4
California........................... 8,578 8,108 8,108 1, 777 2,132 2,278 2,218 60
' No report received from the State prison In Georgia or Alabama.
2 No report received from the State prison.
Source: Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census; annual reports, Prisoners.

7 8 DEFECTIVES AND DELINQUENTS
No. 67.— P r i s o n e r s i n S t a t e a n d F e d e r a l P r i s o n s a n d R e f o r m a t o r i e s —
H ecssiv ed F ro m C o u r t s , b y O f f e n s e : 1936, 1937, a n d 1938
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS AND REFORMATORIES (ENTIRE YEAR)
OFFENSE
1939, 1937,
total total
1938 Percent, 1938
Total Male Female Total Male Female
AH offenses................... .........
Homicide..........................................
"Robbery..........................................
Aggravated assault.........................
Other assault....................................
Burglary.........................................
Larceny, except auto theft...............
Aufo theft......................................
Embezzlement and fraud..............
Stolen property.................................
Forgery.,.......................................
Rape.................................................
Prostitution and commercialized
vice..............................................
Other sex offenses.............................
Violating drug laws..........................
Violating liquor laws.......................
Carrying weapons, etc.....................
Nonsupport or neglect......................
Violating traffic and motor-vehicle
laws...............................................
Disorderly conduct and drunkenness
1...........................................
Gambling..........................................
Other offenses..................................
Not reported...................................
1Includes vagrancy,
60, 925 63,562 68, 326 65,067 3,259 100.0 100.0 100.0
3,731 3,703 3,049 3,298 351 5.3 5.1 10.8
5,300 5,298 6,098 5,992 106 8.9 9.2 3.3
2,27C 2,874 3,205 3,097 168 4.8 4.8 5. 2
1,055 417 184 166 18 .3 .3 .6
11,655 12,071 13,170 13,068 102 19.3 20.1 3.1
10,048 11,126 11,831 11,397 434 17.3 17.5 13.3
3,178 3,597 3,697 3,662 35 5.4 5,6 1.1
2,072 1,745 1,990 1,920 70 2.9 3.0 2.1
566 543 553 526 27 .8 .8 .8
4,064 4,548 5,552 5,363 189 8.1 8.2 5.8
1,420 2,067 1,959 1,959 2.9 3.0
514
1,692 } 2,354 2,516 1,908 608 3.7 2.9 18.7
1,701 1,614 2,375 2,131 244 3.5 3.3 7.5
5,884 5,362 5,230 5,109 127 7.7 7.9 3.9
383 403 351 344 7 .5 . 5 .2
443 547 598 5Q3 95 .9 .8 2.0
408 541 711 698 13 1.0 i . i .4
1,208 1,830 1,738 1,409 329 2.5 2.2 10.1
61 38 35 35 . 1 . 1
2,218 2,874 2,818 2,482 330 4.1 3.8 10.3
150
No. 68.— M o v e m e n t o f P o p u l a t i o n i n S t a t e a n d F e d e r a l P r i s o n s a n d
R e f o r m a t o r i e s , b y S e x : 1937 a n d 1938
[Figures are complete except for Alabama and Georgia in both years and for Mississippi in 1937]
ITEM
1937
Total Male Female
1938
Total Male Femalo
Prisoners present at beginning of year.
Admissions during year............................
Received from courts.......
Parole violators returned....................
Escaped prisoners returned................
Other admissions..............
Transferred from other penal institutions.
Discharges during year______________
Sentence expired.................. I
Pardoned...........................................
Sentence commuted........ ..
Paroled............................................
Conditionally pardoned..................
Other conditional release., ..
Escaped...........................
Executed...........................
Died..................................................
Other discharges..........
Transferred to other penal institutions..
145,038 139, 090 5,048
71,110
63,552
5,925
1,336
294
10,874
65,302
24,024
156
229
27,328
1,411
S, 676
1,335
102
1,082
960
II, 799
67,418
60,334
5,691
1,205
188
10,732
61,850
22,871
148
219
25,748
1,350
8,317
1,220
102
1,053
813
11,567
3, 692
3,218
237
131
106
142
3,452
1,153
7
10
1,580
52
359
115
29
147
232
Prisoners present at end of year. 149,921 144,723 5,198
152,654 147,376 5,279
75,957 72,150 3,807
68,326 05,067 3,259
5,964 5,677 287
1,354 I, 284 70
313 122 191
12,130 11,884 240
67,662 84,013 8,949
25,017 23,875 1,142
152 143 9
258 253 5
27,684 25,951 1,733
1,723 1,653 70
9,372 9,004 368
1,272 1,213 59
121 110 o
990 970 20
1,073 832 241
13, 261 13,013 248
159, 818 154,383 6,435
Source of tables (57 and 68: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tbe Census; annual reports, Prisoners.

PRISONERS 79
No. 69.—P ris o n e rs D ischarged From S ta te and F e d e r a l P riso n s an d
R e fo rm a to ries— By Time Served, O ffense, and M ethod o f D isc h arg e:
1938
N ote.—F igures relate to discharge of “felony” prisoners, a classification adopted because of variations
from State to State in the proportion of prisoners committed to reporting institutions for short terms or
minor offenses. Data for prisoners committed for offenses commonly classified ns “misdemeanors’' are
not included
TIME SERVED
OFFENSE AND METHOD OF
DISCHARGE
Total
Under 6 months
6 to 11 months
12 to 17 months
1 o0
S3 O
OO H
8
&c*
3 years
4 years
5 years
6 to 9 years
10 to 19 years
20 years and over j
All offenses........... 59,876 2,837 12,899 12,326 7,822 9,407 6,496 2,726 1,994 3,262 972 40
Expiration....................... 21,574 1,453 5,085 3,154 2,700 3,469 2,210 1,123 737 1,293 341 9
Parole, pardon, conditional
release.............. 38,302 1,384 7,814 9,172 5,122 6,028 3,285 1,003 1,257 1,969 631 37
Murder.....................— .. 1,299 1 12 40 52 119 104 112 106 356 367 31
355 4 25 15 41 27 26 37 07 80 3
Parole, etc__ -______ 044 1 8 24 37 78 77 86 69 259 277 28
Manslaughter--------------- 1,789 61 179 303 104 315 231 160 116 215 33 2
Expiration........ .......... 587 9 86 68 67 91 87 46 41 89 12 1
Parole, etc_________ 1,202 42 93 245 127 224 144 104 76 126 21 1
Bobbery____ __________ e,i&4 68 221 484 460 1,044 966 708 710 1,272 277 4
Expiration........ -........ 1,617 24 81 65 85 255 267 233 148 359 00 1
Parole, etc_________ 4,677 34 140 419 376 789 689 475 562 913 178 3
Aggravated assault__ _ 3,177 261 682 663 302 498 293 147 100 109 30 2
Expiration.................. 1,628 105 480 227 180 229 121 72 46 51 18 —
Parole, etc_________ 1,640 66 202 436 203 269 172 75 54 58 12 2
Burglary......................... — 12,768 266 1,904 2,861 1,889 2,677 1,446 602 455 520 147 2
Expiration .................. 5,627 114 872 1,022 036 1,165 650 345 214 231 78 1
Parole, etc................... 7,141 141 1,032 1,859 954 1,412 796 347 241 280 60 • 1
larceny, fraud, and stolen
property.......................... 13,349 841 3,839 3,287 1,826 1,972 860 283 126 301 14 1
Expiration................... 6,764 458 1,926 046 677 847 464 121 71 240 7 1
Parole, etc................... 7, 585 383 1,913 2,341 1,148 1,125 396 102 55 55 7 —
Auto theft........................... 3,611 78 608 868 584 739 344 138 72 70 10 __
Expiration.................. 780 33 123 84 06 214 109 55 38 23 5 Parole, etc................... 2,731 45 485 784 488 525 235 83 34 47 5 Forgery............................... 4,691 164 1,089 1,227 655 706 396 134 90 123 17 Expiration.................. 1.003 74. 393 376 203 215 147 76 49 63 7 —
Parole, etc.................. 2, 028 80 696 851 392 491 249 58 41 60 10 —
Eape.................................. 1,674 35 195 273 171 275 220 107 88 145 62 3
Expiration................ 468 8 82 41 42 80 62 38 31 51 22 1
Parole, etc.................. 1,116 27 113 232 129 195 168 69 67 04 40
Other sex offenses............. 1,630 69 346 302 212 219 137 92 61 73 19
Expiration..........-___ 497 30 143 46 63 68 44 38 26 42 12
Parole, etc................. 1,033 39 203 256 140 166 03 54 35 31 7 —
1,739 SRI 40ft 51 14 12
49 44 inn 7 7 33 9 11
1,362
305 317 308 142 18 5 1
Carrying, etc., weapons... 366 31 52 74 66 57 47 28 0 13 1 —
7 15 30 4
Parole, etc ................. 237 7 29 67 47 42 8 22 5 9 1 ___
Nonsupport or neglect___ 515 56 198 134 74 31 18 2
36 13 17 1
286 29 86 38 21 1 1
filfl lfifi 43 12 5 2
284 51 40 50 12 8 4 2
3,076 ROl 472 149 81 4 1
64 20 5
10 13 3
Other offenses.................. 2,822 182 607 618 363 315 176 74 42 49 5 1
Expiration.................. 815 108 222 121 120 8 8 84 28 10 23 1 1
Parole, etc................... 1,507 74 385 307 233 227 92 46 23 26 4 —
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual reports, Prisoners,

8 0 DEFECTIVES AND DELINQUENTS
No. 70.—Ju v e n ile D e lin q u e n ts in S ta te In s titu tio n s —T o ta l P re s e n t
J a n u a r t 1 and N um ber op M a les a n d Fem ales R eceived From C o u rts
D u r i n g Yeah, b y S ta te s: 1933
STATE
Presont
Jan. 1
received from
COURTS
Total
Male
STATE
Present
Jan. 1
RECEIVED FROM
COURT8
Total
Male
Female
Female
United States.. 30,496 17,017 IS, 153 3,864 South Atlantic-Con.
inn
New England: West Virginia... 612 361 203 98
H e in e ...,_____ 335 101 73 28 North Carolina— 1,129 614 392 122
New Hampshire. 125 56 36 21 South Carolina.. 400 235 227 8
253 74 54 20 729 572 500 72
Massachusetts__ 787 570 441 129 Florida............ — 428 365 316 46
Rhode Island__ 232 248 230 18 East South Central:
594 190 127 63 1,106 300 201 105
Middle Atlantic: Tennessee........... 479 279 211 08
1, 0fl7 696 170 907 412 346 67
133 V 573 1,300 273 216 157 103 64
Pennsylvania. . . 2,628 866 ' 629 237 West South Central:
East North Central: Arkansas............ 206 321 260 71
1.584 1,1R2 878 304 171 84 58 26
'775 296 206 90 616 366 226 171
850 506 336 170 1,192 593 462 231
Michigan............ 961 398 293 105 Mountain:
643 294 204 90 276 92 61 31
Vest North Control: Idaho................ 41 3 2 1
734 661 430 231 167 46 32 14
721 281 228 53 403 219 140 79
Missouri............ 1,258 472 377 95 New Mexico___ 164 127 105 22
North D akota... 246 101 75 26 Arizona.............. 78 148 127 21
South D akota... m 82 49 13 Utah................... 168 54 39 16
447 158 98 60 26 12 12
355 194 142 52 Paciflo:
186 184 184
527 79 41 38 166 119 94 25
762 372 316 56 1,157 900 778 122
Dist. of Ool........ 603 417 373 44
No. 71.— J u v e n i l e D e l i n q u e n t s R e c e i v e d F ro m C o u r t s , b y O f f e n s e , b y
S e x a n d A g e : 1933
SE X AGE (T E A K S )
OFFENSE
Total
Male
Female
Under
12
12 13 1 4 1 5 1 0 17 18
19
and
2 0
All offenses..................... 17,017 1 3 ,1 6 3 3 ,8 6 4 1 ,1 3 7 1,246 1 , 877 2 , 8 3 4 3 ,7 3 3 3 ,1 8 6 2 ,0 4 2 693 369
Homicide......... ...................... 6 7 55 2 2 3 5 11 6 14 9 2 6
Robbery------------- ------------ 2 4 7 246 2 2 4 14 13 3 9 50 6 2 22 41
Assault................................... 2 2 2 2 0 0 13 10 13 16 21 61 51 33, 13 4
Burglary......... ........................ 2 ,1 7 7 2 ,1 6 0 11 96 121 200 277 4 1 9 478 351 141 95
Larceny, except auto theft... 3 , 8 7 6 3 ,7 2 7 149 322 801 490 674 796 654 376 139 66
6 7 9 679 2 7 22 5 6 1 2 8 163 184 3 6 3 1
7 8 7 4 4 3 4 7 23 19 12 10
7 9 79 1 3 7 25 21 11 4 7
Otlier sex offenses................. 2 0 9 63 1 4 6 3 7 9 29 57 49 41 8 a
41 41 1 7 I T 2
5 8 58 1 5 16 13 11
Violations ol traffic and motor-
2E 2(3 3 6 12 4 i
Disorderly conduct and vagrancy..................................
2 0 2 163 3 9 9 16 19 2 9 4 4 4C 29 6 1 0
Drunkenness.......................... 4(3 23 2 3 2 2 1 4 9 1 7 7 2 2
All other offenses.................... 3 7 5 366 2 0 36 19 3 2 5 6 65 6 7 7 2 2 3 1 6
Other reasons:
Violation of parole or pro-
246 183 6 3 3 2 29 26 50 5 6 34 13 6
Immorality and sex dolinquency..............................
5 6 3 6 6 4 8 7 6 16 4 9 8 2 136 122 120 1 9 3
In danger of leading immorel
lllo------- ------------ 133 1 2 1 2 1 8 6 1 6 2 1 2 8 3 2 1 1 7 5
3 6 1 184 1 7 7 2 2 22 4£ 90 88 5fi 32 2 1
Incorrigl bil i t y..............— 2 , 5 5 6 1 ,5 7 9 0 7 7 1061 1$2| 292 4 6 2 6 3 9 6 6 4 263 6 2 17
Delinquency........................ 4 ,0 7 6 2 ,5 7 2 1 ,5 0 3 286 319 508 7 8 5 1,014 667 3 9 3 7 6 3 7
4 0 3 370 33 43 00 67 8 7 1 3 0 18 8
Other reasons...................... 4 1 8 324 0 4 62 57 68 71 70 60 24 1 2 4
Source of tables 70 and 71: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Juvenile Delinquents in
Public Institutions, 1033,

CHILDREN UNDER 'INSTITUTIONAL CARE 81
No. 7 2 .— C hild ren
Under I nstitutional C are, by T ype of C a re, by
States: D ec. 31, 1933
STATE
Total
Free
FOSTER HOKE
STATE
Total
FOSTER. HOME
Free
Institution
Institution
Boarding
Working
Boarding
Working
tr. s___ 842,929 140,352 31, 538 66,350 4,689
S. Atl—Con.
IT. England: W .V a......... 2,249 1,209 978 60 2
M aine.......... 3,096 904 448 1,659 85 N. O.......... 4,238 3, 941 228 62 7
N. H ............ l' 381 968 62 255 96 S. C........... % 128 1, 959 149 19 1
V t................ 7. 141 503 359 263 16 Ga............. 2,072 1, 773 115 176 8
12, 368 2,472 1,324 7,952 620 Fla............. 1,783 li 288 460 36
R. I-.......... 2, 445 1,229 ' 171 983 62 E. S. Central;
Conn____ 5, 073 2, 511 268 2,16C 134 K y ............. 3,805 2, 874 362 537 32
Mid. Atlantic: Tenn........... 3,388 2,902 338 129 19
N . Y ............. 47,937 25, 235 3,174 19,026 502 Ala............ 1,881 1,189 364 323 5
N. J ................. 7. 252 3| 086 724 3,238 204 1,238 5-15 689 1 3
P a................ 29', 737 16,990 2, 662 9,570 515 W. S. Central:
E. N. Central: Ark............. 598 562 17 6 13
Ohio............. 18,902 10,976 2, 255 6, 274 457 La.............. 2,199 1,994 133 36 30
7’ 876 4,817 l] 952 1,078 29 2,487 2,241 230 11 5
Ill............... 10,301 1 898 2,830 417 5, 685 5, 074 311 273 27
M ich........__ 6,499 2,703 I) 652 1,957 187 Mountain:
6,116 2,854 957 1,055 250 1,126 830 239 4C 18
W. N. Central: Idaho.......... 422 168 163 86 6
5,018 1,563 1,752 1,406 294 318 135 135 21 27
S’ 961 2,012 '832 71 46 2, 207 1,911 137 126 33
M o............... 5,798 4 ,029 1,099 597 73 394 387 6 1
N . Dak_, . 483 ’285 128 56 14 411 360 21 28 2
S . Dak. .. 8QD 753 133 4 ’ 351 134 74 142 1
1 619 1,099 437 38 45 89 80
K ans........... 2,067 1,234 714 89 20 Pacific:
S. Atlantic: Wash.......... 1,959 1,502 319 127 11
D el.............. 568 234 235 97 2 1,420 802 294 2SS 36
M d.............. 4,249 2,283 642 1,227 97 Calif............ 7,146 4, 448 686 1,848 164
Disc, of Col - 3,928 ‘ 914 150 820 44
N o. 7 3 .— C h ild r e n U n d e r I n s titu tio n a l C are, by T ype o f C a re , H ace,
and Tim e U n d e r C a re , by Sex and Age: D ec. 31, 1933
ITEM
Total
Male
SEX
Female Under
1
AGE (YEARS)
1 to 6 6 to 9 10 to 13 lla n d
15
10 and
17
18 to 20
Unknown
Total............. 242,929 120,982 113,947 6,269 33, 887 57,092 78, 329 32, 705 20, 740 10, 030 887
Typo of care:
Institution......... 140,352 70,677 64,675 2,747 14,720 35,028 62,334 20. 190 10, 801 3, 919 613
Foster home....... 31,538 15,634 15, 904 1,810 6,879 5,114 6, 456 3,911 4, 310 2,937 115
Boarding homo . 06,350 35,922 30,428 1,708 15,273 16,902 19,429 8,143 3, 721 1,056 118
Working home.. 4,689 1,749 2,940 4 25 48 110 461 1,902 2,118 21
Bex:
Male_______ 128,982 128,982 3,312
113,947 2,957 20,005 30,999 42,202 17, 013 10,103 4,822 436
Female................
H3,947 16,892 26, 093 36,127 15, 692 10,547 5, 208 431
Color:
W hite........... 222,788 119,078 103,710 5,915 33,516 51,830 71, 577 30.314 19,509 3,413 708
Negro................. 15,883 8,218 7,665 286 2,913 4,063 5,188 1,890 963 496 84
Other races......... 4,258 1,680 2, 572 68 468 1,193 1,504 501 268 121 75
Time under care:
Under 1 year--.. 48,564 25,831 22, 733 6,269 11,684 13,334 11,721 3, 387 1,400 517 252
1 y e a r ............. 37,156 19,745 17, 411 10,418 10,776 10,620 3, 21C 1, 572 413 147
32, 995 17, 723 15i 239 7,020 9,349 10,889 3,577 1,031 413 86
29,240 15,460 13,780 4,309 7,878 10,546 3,708 1,961 687 91
22,324 11,847 10,477 2,351 5,533 8,731 3,242 1,786 637 44
5 to 9 years......... 57,232 30,178 27, 054 1,027 10,159 22,483 11, 979 7,969 3,495 120
10 to 13 years___ 11,692 6,114 5,578
3,201 3,037 3,184 2,249 219
14 to 2.0 years___ 3,247 1,820 1, 427
500 1,158 1,580
Not reported___ 479 '261 218
28 63 138 65 49 39 97
Source ut tables 72 and 73: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Children Under Institutional
Care, 1933.

82 DEFECTIVES AND DELINQUENTS
N o, 7 4 .— C h i l d r e n U n d e r I n s t i t u t i o n a l C a r e , b y S e x , b y S t a t u s o p
P a r e n t s a s L iv in g o r D e a d : D e c . 31, 1933
STATUS OF BARENTSES
LIVING OR DEAD
Total.........- .............
Legitimate children_____
Both parents dead,...
Father dead...............
Mother living__
Mother unknown.
Mother d ead ............
Father living___
Father unknown.
Both parents living...
Total Male Female
STATUS OF PARENTS AS
LIVING OR DEAD
m, m 128,982 113,847 Legitimate children—Con,
211, 163
21,834
38, 223
31,302
0,921
51,905
38, 414
13,551
49,900
111,581
11,319
21,006
17,368
3,638
26,580
19,549
7,031
26,111
99, 572
10,515
17,217
13,934
3,283
25,385
18,865
6,520
23,789
Father living, mother
unknown................
Mother living, father
unknown................
Both parents unknown.--
.............
Illegitimate ohildren........
Mother dead..............
Mother living............
Mother unknown___
Total Male Female
6,119
21,237
21,876
31,776
1,815
20,630
9,331
3,355
11,469
11,741
17,401
971
11,130
6,300
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census; Children Under Institutional Care, 1933.
2,704
8,708
10,134
14,376
844
9,600
4,031
N o. 7 5 .—Blind and D bafmutes, by Sex: 1890 to 1930
N ote.—Variations in the number of blind and dcafmutes are due in large part to changes in methods of
enumeration. For a discussion of methods used, etc., see source (footnote)
RACE
BLIND
Total Male
DKAFMUTESt
1880______ so, m 28,080 22,488 40,592 22,420 18,163
1B0D______ 64,763 37,054 27,709 24,369 13,495 10,874
1910............ 57,272 32,443 24,829 44,708 10,507 8,646
1920______ 52,667 30,160 22,407 44,885 10,166 15,860
1930.......... 63,593 35,585 27,008 57,123 29,267 27,856
W hite.... 52,024 30,302 22,622 52,193 26,694 25,409
Negro___ 9,169 5,422 3,747 4,202 2,164 2,038
Mexican.. 784 450 334 410 216 194
Indian__ 681 380 301 233 168 115
All other. 35 31 4 35 25 10
AGE
1930, byage:
Under 6.-
5 to 9.......
10 to 14...
15 to 19—
20 to 24—
25 to 44...
45 tOfl4...
65 a n d
over___
BLIND
Total Male
28,152 14,705
Unknown. 70 41
DEAFMUTES
Fem
a le Total Male Female
Female
Total Male Fe­
505 284 221 919
1,113 648 465 3,950
1,815 1,042 773 6,262
2,040 1,172 868 5,674
1,971 1,187 784 4,708
10,072 6,335 3,737 16,801
17,855 11,171 6,684 12,343
13,447
29
6,388
78
male
501 418
2,082 1,868
3,324 2,938
3,053 2,621
2,470 2,238
8,626 8,175
6,144 6,199
3,027
40
3,361
38
i
Figures for 1900 and male and femalo for 1910 and 1020 cover the returns on special schedules only.
No. 7 6 .— B l i n d a n d D b a f m u t e s , b y S t a t e s : 1930
[Ratio equals number per 100,000 population]
STATE
BLIND
Ratio
DEAFMUTES
Ratio
United States. S3, 583 51.8 57,123 46.5
Hew England:
Maine................... 626 78.5 444 65.7
Now Hampshire.. 251 53.0 222 47.7
V erm ont............. 223 62.0 214 69.5
Massachusetts__ 1,924 45.3 1,820 42.8
Rhode Island....... 347 50.5 330 40.3
Connecticut......... 681 36.2 568 35.8
Middle Atlantic:
New York............ 4,418 36.1 5,373 42.7
New Jersey.......... 1,222 30.2 1,324 32.8
Pennsylvania....... 4,373 43.4 4,699 48.8
East North Central:
Ohio...................... 4,164 62.5 3,047 45.8
Indiana................. 2,204 68.1 1,713 52.0
Illinois................ 4,490 58.8 3.315 43.4
Michigan............ 1,742 36.0 2,336 48.2
Wisconsin.......... 1,530 52,1 1, 757 59.8
West North Central:
Minnesota............ 1,049 40.9 1,226 47.8
Iowa...................... 1,577 63.8 1,162 47.0
Missouri_______ 3,879 106.9 1,099 56.1
North Dakota___ 195 28.6 300 44.9
South Dakota___ 253 36.5 428 01.3
Nebraska____ . . . 552 40.1 854 62.0
Kansas_________ 1,246 06.2 1,173 62.4
South Atlantic:
Delaware_____ — 101 42.4 64 26.8
Maryland____ — 799 40.0 737 45.2
Cist, of Columbia. 201 53.6 157 32.2
state
BUND
Ratio
DEAFMUTES
Number
Number
Number
Number
Ratio
S. Atlantic—Con.
Virginia................ 1,405 58.0 1,373 56.7
West Virginia---- 814 47.1 791 45.7
North Carolina—. 1,318 41.6 1,334 42.1
South Carolina... 1,028 50.1 846 48.7
Georgia................ 1,788 61,6 1,288 44.3
Florida................. 816 55.6 725 49.4
East South Central:
Kentucky............ 1,977 75.6 1,316 50.3
Tennessee............. 1,540 58.9 1,426 54.5
Alabama.............. 1,416 63.6 1,048 39.6
Mississippi.......... 1,121 55.8 829 41.2
West South Central:
Arkansas.............. 1,101 50.4 918 49.5
Louisiana............. 1,252 69.6 1,062 50.6
Oklahoma............ 1,167 48.7 1,372 67.3
Toxas.................... 2,606 44.7 2,348 40.3
Mountain:
M ontana.._____ 235 43.7 305 56.7
Idaho__________ 156 35.1 130 30.0
Wyoming---------- 53 23.5 60 26.6
Colorado_______ 751 72.5 532 51.4
New Mexico........ 607 143.4 263 62.1
Arizona................ 259 59.5 174 39.9
Utah.................... 238 46.9 277 54.5
Nevada___ ____- 64 70.3 30 32.9
Pacific:
Washington..___ 792 80.7 746 47.7
Oregon................. 496 52.0 549 67.6
California______ 2,597 45.7 2,101 37.0
Source of tables 75 and 76*. Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of Census; Blind and Doafmutes in the U .S., 1930.

3. VITAL STATISTICS
G e n e r a l N o t e .— Births and deaths are registered by the States, and transcripts of the original certificates
are received and tabulated by the Bureau of the Census. Because of the gradual expansion of the
"registration” areas up to 1933 (see tables 77, 84, and 95), the numbers of births and deaths recorded for
earlier years for the areas as a whole are not strictly comparable, but, in most cases, tho expansion of the
areas had only a negligible effect on tho comparableness of the rates. Beginning with 1933, all States have
been included in both the birth and death registration areas.
All birth and death statistics in this section, except as noted in table 85, have beon compiled according
to the places in which the births or the deaths occurred. The alternative is to allocate each birth and each
death to the State, city, and county of residence or usual place of abode. (For comparison of births and
deaths by place of occurrence and by place of residence, for selootod cities, see tabic 85. For State totals the
difference in most cases would be negligible.) Inasmuch as the population census is compiled according
to the usual place of abode, the tabulation of vital statistics according to place of occurrence has seriously
restricted, for certain purposes, the use of those data. Tho factors to be considered depend upon the specific
purpose for which the data are to be used. If crude death rates—and especially the rates for individual
causes of death—are used as indexes of tho health conditions of a community, comparisons of rates for
different States or cities are not strictly valid unless the ago, sox, and racial composition of the population
of each area is considered. It is obvious that, if the population in 1 State is generally older than that in
another, tho crude death rate will bo higher, even though there arc no essential differences between the
rates for identical age groups. Moreover, in a few States the rates for certain causes, notably tuberculosis,
are abnormally high because the deaths represented by these rates include those of considerable numbers of
persons who have gone to the States In question in the hope of recovering their hoalth. Similar considerations
apply also to crude birth rates. For oxamplo, comparison of tho birth rate of Xarea having a certain
proportion of women of childbearing ago with the rate of another community of a different population
composition is erroneous if the rates are usod as a measure of intrinsic biological fertility.
Rates are based on midyoar estimates of population. For estimates of population for continental United
States, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico, see table 14, p. 11; for individual States, see table 13, p. 10. Rates for
continental United States for 1939 are based on population estimates for 19.38 as no estimate is available for
1939. Rates for individual States or groups of States for 1938 and 1939 are based on population estimates
for 1937 as no later estimates are available. No estimates of population by sox, by race, by age groups, or
for urban and rural areas have been made for years later than 1933. Data for stillbirths (see table 89)
are excluded from the figures for both births and deaths.
In all tables giving statistics by race, data for Mexicans have been included with those Tor the white
population.
N o . 7 7 . — D e a t h s a n d D e a t h R a t e s , fo r D e a t h -R e g is t r a t io n A r e a ;
1S80 t o 1939
YEAR
REGISTRATION AREA
(CONTINENTAL U. 9.)
Population
(midyear
estimates)
Percent
ofU.S
total
population
N o t e .— S e e g e n e r a l n o t e a b o v e
Percent
OfU.S.
total
area
TOTAL DEATHS
Number
Rate
per
1,000
population
DEATHS UNDER
1 YEAR OP AGE
Number Percent
of all
deaths
DEATHS UNDER
5 YEARS OF AGE
Number
Percent
offlll
deaths
I860...... ........... i 8, 538,366 17. 0 0.6 169,453 19.8 48,041 28.3 74,810 44.0
1890.................. »19, 659, 440 31. 2 3. 0 386, 212 19.0 86,790 22. 6 133,778 34.6
1000-.............. 30,705,018 40.5 7.1 539,939 17.6 111, 687 20.7 164,137 30.4
1905.................. 34, 052,201 40.4 7.2 545,533 16.0 105,553 19.3 147,384 27.0
1900.................. 41,983, 419 48.9 20.3 658,106 16.7 133,105 20.2 186,978 28.4
1007.................. 43,016,990 49.2 20.3 687,034 16.0 131,110 19.1 183,774 26.7
1808.................. 40,780,913 52.5 24.4 691, 674 14.8 136,432 19. 7 189,365 27.5
1909.................. 60,870,518 56.1 2a 7 732,638 14.4 140,057 19.1 106, 534 26.8
1010.................. 53,831,742 68.3 33.6 805,412 16. 0 164,373 19.2 217,319 27.0
1011.................. 59,183, 071 03.2 37.2 839,284 14.2 149,322 17.8 209,482 25.0
1012.................. 60,359,974 63.5 37. 2 838,251 13.9 147,455 17.0 204,039 2 4 .4
1013.................. 63,200,625 65.5 38.6 890,848 14.1 159,435 17.9 225,129 2 5 .3
1914.................. 66,813,316 67.2 41.3 808,060 13.6 156,075 17.3 214,120 23.8
1915.................. 07,095,681 67.6 41.3 909,156 13.6 148,561 16.3 203, 223 22.4
1016.................. 71,349,162 70.8 44.0 1,001,921 14. 0 164,660 16.4 234,081 23.4
1017.................. 74,984.498 73.4 45. 4 1,068,932 14.3 171,024 16.0 243, 708 22.8
1918.................. SI, 333,675 7a 5 52.0 1,471,367 18.1 193,855 13.2 306,143 20.8
1919.................. 85,166,043 81.1 55.6 1,996,436 12.9 161,621 14.7 229,813 21.0
1920................ 87,632,592 82.3 58.0 1,142,558 13.0 174,710 15.3 248,432 21.7
1921.................. 89,102,434 82.3 68.0 1,032,009 11.6 160,011 16.5 220,688 21.4
1922.................. 93,806,240 85.4 60.1 1,101,863 11.7 158,660 14.4 218,201 10.8
1923_________ 97,816,104 87.7 68.0 1,193,017 12.2 166,274 13.9 233.918 19.6
1924.................. 100,082,062 88.4 70.3 1,173,990 11.7 161,404 13.7 220,122 18.7
1025.................. 102,651,999 89.6 7a 9 1,219,019 11.8 161,961 13.3 218,294 17.9
1926.................. 104,638,301 o a i 74.7 1,285,927 12.3 163,343 12.7 226,824 17.6
1927.................. 108,177,568 91.6 76.6 1,236,940 11.4 147,134 11.9 199,607 16.1
1928.................. 114,258,516 96.3 80.8 1,378,676 12.1 156,858 11.3 216,090 16.7
1029 ................ 116,317,515 95.7 88.6 1,386,363 11.9 148,886 10.7 206,028 14.9
1930.................. 118,472,000 96.2 91.2 1,343,366 31.3 145,374 10.8 105,200 14.5
1931.................. 119,470,000 96.3 91.2 1,322,687 n . i 132,874 10.0 178,537 13.6
1932.................. 120,291,000 66.3 91.2 1,308,529 10.9 121,267 93 160,508 12.3
1933.................. 125,770,000 100.0 100.0 1,342,106 10.7 120,887 9.0 161,902 12.1
1934.................. 126,626,000 m o 100.0 1,396,903 11.0 130,185 0.3 173,360 12.4
1935.................. 127,521,000 100.0 100.0 1,392,762 10.0 120,138 8.6 156,945 11.3
1936................. 128,429,000 m o 100.0 1,479,228 11.5 122,535 8.3 158,827 10.7
J937—............... 129,257.000 100.0 100.0 1,450,427 11.2 119,931 8.3 154,323 10.6
1938.................. 130,215,000 100.0 100.0 1,381,391 10.6 116,702 8.4 148,522 10.8
1939................ 1 130,215,000 100.0 100.0 » 1,387, 797 10.7 3108,532 7.8 0) »
1 E n u m erate d population for census year ended M ay 31.
a 1938 estim ate. N o 1039 estim ate available. * Provisional figures. * N ot availab le.
Source; D ept, of G om ., B u r. of tb e Census; V ital Statistics—Special R eports, V ol, 9, Nos. 2,29,45, a n d 47,
83

84: VITAL STATISTICS
No. 7 8 .— D e a t h R a t e s p e r 1,000 P o p u l a t io n , by Se x a n d b y A g e G r o u p s ,
f o r D e a t h -R e g is t r a t io n S t a t e s : 1901 to 1933
SEX AND AOE (JBOUP
REGISTRATION STATES AS OP
lono
1901-
19051
1911-
10151
1021-
19251
REGISTRATION STATES AS OF
1020
1930 19331 1920 1925 1930 1932 10331
B oth e e x ee , a ll ag e s_______________ _______ 16.8 14.6 12.3 ll.fi 11.2 18.0 11.9 11.4 n . i 10.9
U n d e r 1 y e a r............................................. 138. 2 123.0 89.2 68.0 51.2 96.9 83.9 69.2 57.9 53.8
1 to 4 y e a rs ...............................- ..................... 15.8 11.8 7.7 4.8 3.7 9 .8 6.9 5.4 4 .3 4, 1
6 to 9 y e a rs ...................................................... 4.1 3.1 2.6 1.9 1,6 3.0 2.2 1.9 1.6 1. 5
10 to 14 y e a rs.................................................. 2.7 2.1 1.9 1.4 1.3 2.3 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.3
15 t o 19 y e a r s ........................ - ..................... 4 .4 3 .5 2 .9 2.3 1.9 4.0 3 .2 2. 7 2 .3
20 to 24 y e a rs............................ . . . ..........— 6 .1 4.9 3.8 3.3 2.7 5.7 4.3 3 .8 3 .3
25 to 34 y e a r s ................................................ 7. IS 6.1 4.6 4.0 3.6 6.8 5.0 4 .5 4.1 4.g
35 to 44 y e a rs.................................................. 9 .9 9 .0 6.8 0.3 5.9 8 .2 7.1 6 .7 6.3 6.?
45 to 54 y e a rs.................................................. 14.4 14.3 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.1 12.0 12.3 11.9 11.
56 to 64 y e a rs.................................................. 27.1 27.6 25.0 25.4 26,9 23.0 23.9 24.4 24.4 2 i . \
G6 to 74 y e a rs.................................................. 55. 1 68.0 54.6 53.9 56.2 51.8 52.3 52.0 52.5 S2. 5
76 y e a rs a n d o v e r......................................... 137.8 140.1 136.2 134.6 143.2 133.2 133. 7 130. 5 138.1 130.2
Mn-lea, a ll a g e s ....................................................... 16.6 16.5 12.9 12.3 11.9 13.4 12.6 12.4 11.9 u . 2
U n d e r 1 y e a r......................................... 152.7 136.7 100.5 76.2 57.2 I0R.K 94.2 77.2 64.8 59.5
1 to 4 y e a rs .....................................- .............. 16.6 12.4 8.1 5.2 4.0 10.2 7.3 5 .8 4 .5 4 .1
6 to 9 y e a rs ..................................... ................ 4 .2 3.3 2.9 2.1 1,7 3.1 2.4 2.1 1.7
10 t o H y e a rs .................................................. 2 .8 2 .2 2 .1 1.6 1.5 2 .4 2 .0 1.7 1 .6 l . J
15 to 19 y e a rs........... - ______________ __ 4 .4 3.7 3.1 2.5 2.1 4.2 3 .2 2 .9 2.5 2.®
20 to 24 y e a rs.................................................. 6 .2 5.3 3.8 3.4 ■l. H 5.4 4.3 4 .0 3 .6 3.2
25 to 34 y e a rs ................................... .............. 7 .8 6.6 4 .6 4.2 3.7 fi.fi 5.1 4 .8 4 .3
35 to 44 y e a rs_________________ _______ 1 0.6 10.1 7.3 7.1 fi.fi 8 .3 7 .6 7 .4 6 .9 6 ^
45 to 54 y e a rs .................................................. 15.6 15.9 13.0 13.9 14.0 12.5 13.0 13.8 13.3 ia.1
55 to 64 y e a rs.................................................. 29. 1 30. 1 26. 9 2S.4 29.2 24.6 25. 9 27.1 27.3 27. 6
65 to 74 y e a rs ..................................... ............ 58. 2 61.7 57.7 58.3 61.0 53.8 56.2 56.6 56. 6 57.0
75 y e a rs a n d o v e r____ ________ _______ 142.9 144.6 138. 7 139.3 148.3 135. 5 137.6 135.7 143. G 142.3
F e m a le s , all ag es__________________ ____ 14.0 13.6 11.8 10.7 10.5 12.6 11.2 10.5 10.2 10.5
U n d e r 1 y e a r................................. ................ 123. 3 109.0 77.5 59.7 44.9 84.7 73.3 00.9 50.9 47.0
Xto 4 y e a rs ..................................... ................ 16.2 11.3 7.2 4.5 3.4 9 .4 6 .5 5 .0 4 .0 3.4
5 to 9 y e a rs..................................... . .............. 4 .0 a. 9 2.3 1.7 1.4 2 .8 2.Q 1.7 1 .5 1.8
10 to 14 y e a rs .................................................. 2 .7 2.0 1.7 1.2 1.1 2.1 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.4
15 to 19 years....................................... 4 .4 3.2 2.8 2.2 1.7 3.9 3 .2 2 .5 2.1 1.1
20 to 24 years..................... .............. 5 .9 4.5 3 .7 3.2 2 .6 5.9 4 .3 3 .7 3 .2 3.9
25 to 34 years....................................... 7 .3 b.6 4.5 3.8 3 .4 7 ,2 4 .0 4 .3 4 .0 3 .0
35 to 44 years...................................... 9 .0 7.9 0.2 5.4 5.2 8 .0 6 .6 6 .0 5 .7 5.8
45 to 54 years....................................... 13. 1 12.6 11.1 10.5 10.4 11.6 10.9 10.6 10.3 10.5
55 to 64 years........ ........................ 25.1 24.9 23,1 22.4 22.6 22.4 21.7 21.4 21.4 21.1
65 to 74 years....................................... 52. 1 54,5 51.7 49.9 51.7 49.8 48.4 47.3 48.3 47.2
75 years and over................................ 133.3 136.4 134.2 130.7 138.9 131. 2 130.3 125.9 133.2 131.0
1Average. 2 Latest data available; see general note, p. 83.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; official records (not published elsewhere).
N o. 7 9 .— D e a t h s, b y S t a t e s : 1938 a n d 1939
AREA 1038 1939 1 AREA 1938 19391 AREA 1938 1939 1
United States.,.
White...........
Other races..
Alabama..........
White...........
Othor races..
Arizona............
Arkansas..........
W h ite ...___
Other races..
California____
W hite...........
Other races..
Colorado..........
Connecticut...
Delaware..___
Dist. of Col___
White___...
Other races..
Florida.............
White...........
Other races..
Georgia............
White...........
Other races..
Idaho...............
Illinois..............
Indiana..........
Iowa.................
1,381,391
1,195,431
185, 960
29, 530
16,038
13, 498
6,002
16, 971
11,809
5,162
76,187
72, 872
3,315
12, 615
17, 582
3,190
7, 962
5,138
2,824
21,024
13,459
7,565
33,783
18,283
is, mo
4,645
84,709
38,573
25,623
1,387,797
(2)
(2)
28.305
(2)
(2)
5,839
IB, 521

DEATH BATES 85
N o. 8 0 .— D e a t h R a t e s p e r 1,000 P o p u l a t io n , b y St a t e s : 1920 t o 1939
N ote.—See general note, p. 83
AJU5A 1920 1925 1930 1933 1933 1834 1935 1936 1937 1938 19391
Registration a re a 3. 13.0 11.8 11.3 10.9 19.7 11.0 10.9 11.5 11.2 10.6 10.7
A labam a...................... 11.6 11.4 10.1 9.8 10.5 10.1 10.9 10.7 10.2 9.8
A rizona............................... 15.4 12.9 13.4 13.9 15.0 16.1 10.8 14.6 14.2
A rkansas........................ .. 0 0 10,2 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.1 9.1 9.0 8.3 8.1
C alifornia.......................... 13.3 12.3 11.6 11.8 11 6 11.5 12.1 12.6 13.0 12.4 12.6
C olorado............................. 14.5 12.7 12,7 12.0 11.4 11.8 12.4 12,8 12.9 11.8 11.7
C o n n ectic u t...................... 13.6 11.8 10.7 10.2 10.4 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.1 10.2
D elaw are............................ 14.8 13.6 13.6 12.9 13.2 13.3 12.5 12.8 12.6 12.3 12.1
D is tric t of C o lu m b ia ,, . 14.7 16.1 15.0 15.1 14.5 14.8 14.3 14.7 13.9 12.7 13.2
F lo rid a ................................ 12.8 13.6 12.4 11.9 12.0 12.8 12.4 12.8 12.6 12.6 12.8
G eorgia..................... 0 12.1 10.8 10.4 11.8 11.3 12.2 11.2 11.0 10.3
Id a h o ................................... 0 7.8 0.3 8.8 8.7 9.3 0.5 10.3 9.6 9.2 9.6
Illinois................................ 12.8 11.5 10.9 10.8 10.6 11.2 10.9 II. 8 11.1 10.8 11.0
In d ia n a ............................... 13.4 12.6 12.1 11.0 11.3 12.0 11.6 12.3 11.8 11.1 11.4
Io w a................................... 0 10.0 10.6 10.3 10.2 10.6 10.4 11.2 10.4 10.0 10.4
K a n sa s________________ 11.4 10.2 10.4 10.4 10.5 10.7 10.8 11.5 10.3 10.0 9.9
K e n tu c k y _____ _______ 11.8 11.3 11.2 10.7 10.3 10.7 10.3 11.2 10.6 10.0 10.1
L ouisiana................... ....... 11.9 12.8 11.7 11.0 10.9 11.0 11.2 12.2 11.7 11.6 11.5
M a in e ...................... ........... 16.4 13.8 13.9 13.1 13.4 13.1 13.0 13.3 13.4 12.3 12.6
M a ry la n d ........................ 14.6 14.0 13.2 12.7 12.4 12.6 12.7 13.1 13.2 12.4 12.4
M assachusetts_________ 13.8 12.7 12.6 11.5 11.8 11.7 11.5 11.8 11.8 11.2 11.5
M ich ig an ........................... 13.8 11.5 10.7 10.4 10.3 10.8 10.8 11.5 11.1 10.5 10.8
M innestoa_____________ 10.7 10.2 10.0 9.9 9.7 10.1 10.0 10.9 10.1 9.9 10.1
M ississippi____________ 12.2 11.6 12.0 10.1 10.8 10.9 10.6 12.0 11.8 11.3 11.2
M isso u ri............................ 12.6 11.7 11.8 11.6 11.1 12.1 11.0 12.3 11.3 10.7 10.7
M o n t a n a .......................... 9.6 9.6 10.1 9.9 9.8 10.6 11.8 11.8 11.4 10.5 10.9
N eb ra sk a ______________ 10.0 9.3 9.7 9.4 9.4 9.8 9.7 10.1 9.7 8.8 8.9
N e v ad a _______________ 0 0 12.7 14.1 12.8 13,2 13.4 14.4 13.1 12.6 12.4
N ew H am pshire_______ 16.2 14.4 13.5 13,1 13.3 12.9 13.0 12.7 12.8 12.6 12.4
N ew Jersey ........................ 12.9 11.6 10.7 10,3 10.4 10.3 10.1 10.4 10.4 10.1 10.1
N ew M exico__________ 0 0 15.6 14.1 13.8 14.5 14.9 14.8 15.2 14.1 14.1
N ew Y ork......................... 13.8 12.3 11.7 11.8 11.8 11.0 ll.'fi 11.9 11.9 11.4 11.5
N o rth C arolina______ _ 12.6 11.3 11.2 9.5 9.2 10.4 9.8 10.3 9.7 9.6 9.1
N o rth D akota.................. 0 7. C 7.9 7.5 7.9 8.4 8.4 8.0 7.7 7.4 7.7
O h io ................................... 12.8 11.8 11.5 11.4 10.9 11.5 11.5 12.1 11.9 11.1 11.4
O klahom a.................. ....... 0 0 8.2 7.9 8.2 8.6 8.4 9.2 8.4 7.8 8.0
O regon.................... ........... 11.7 11.0 11.0 10.6 10.6 10.0 11.3 12.2 12.0 11.6 11.6
Pennsylvania________ 13.8 12. 6 11.8 11.1 10.7 11.0 10.8 11.1 11.3 10.5 10.6
Rhode Island................. 14.3 12.7 U.7 11.8 11.6 11.3 11.5 11.9 12.2 12.2 11.4
South Carolina.............. 14.1 12.8 12.9 11.1 to. 7 11.7 11.1 11.5 11.0 11.0 10.3
South Dakota................ 0 0 8.5 8.3 8.8 9.3 9.1 8.9 8.0 7.9 8.9
T ennessee.......................... 12.1 11.2 11.4 10.6 10.2 10.9 10.0 11.4 10,5 10.1 9.0
Toots.............................. w w 0 « 9.8 9.9 10.1 10.8 10.6 9.8 9.8
Utah............................... 11.5 9.3 9.0 8.6 8.5 9,4 9.8 9.9 9.6 0.4 9.1
V erm o n t........................... 15.7 14.4 13.0 12.9 12.5 13.0 12.7 13.0 13.0 12.0 11.9
Virginia.......................... 13.2 12.4 12.5 11.5 11.1 11.7 11.5 12.1 11, 5 10.9 10.6
Washington................... 11.1 10.4 10.6 10.4 10.4 10.8 11. X 11.8 11.5 n .2 11.2
West Virginia................ 0 10.7 10.5 10.1 9.3 10.0 10.1 10.0 10.3 9.5 9.4
W isconsin.......................... 11.2 10.5 10.4 10.4 10.1 10.5 10.6 11.4 10.9 10.5 10,7
Wyoming___________ w 9.0 9.2 9.0 8.0 9.1 9.8 10.3 10.3 9.5 9.4
1Provisional figures. J In continental United States. s Not in registration area.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of Census; Vital Statistics—Special Reports, Vol. 0, No. 45.
N o . 8 1 .— D e a t h R a t e s p e r 1,000 E st im a t e d P o p u l a t io n , b y R a c e : 1920 to
1933 i
REGISTRATION AltEA 1
Total
White
Other
races
ALL REGISTRATION
CITIES
Total
White
RURAL PART OF REGIS­
TRATION AREA
Other
races Total W hite
Other
races
1920.
1922.
1023.
1924.
1925.
1026.
1927.
1928.
1929.
1030.
1931.
1032.
19333
13.0 12.6 17.9 14.2 13.6 22.7 11.9 I t . 6 16.2
11.7 11.4 16.4 12.7 12.2 19.8 10.8 10.6 13.0
12.2 11.7 1C. 6 13.2 12.6 21.4 11.2 10.9 13.9
11.7 11.2 17.2 12.8 12.1 21.8 10.7 1 0.2 14.6
11.8 11.3 17.6 13.0 12.3 21.9 10.8 10.3 14.9
12.3 11.7 18.0 13.4 12,7 22.1 11.2 1 0.7 15.4
11.4 10,9 16.6 12.5 11.9 20.6 10.4 1 0.0 14.1
12.1 11.6 17.1 13.3 12.7 21.1 11.0 1 0 .6 14.9
11.9 11.4 16.9 13.1 12.4 20.6 1 0 .9 1 0 .4 14.9
11,3 10.8 16.4 12.3 11.7 19.5 10.4 9 .9 14.4
i n 10.6 13.8 11.9 11.4 18.6 10.2 9 .8 13.5
m e 10.6 14.6 11.7 11.2 17.4 10.2 9 .8 12.6
10.7 10.3 14.1 11.5 11.0 17.2 9 .9 9 .6 12.2
i In continental United States. 3 Latest data available; see general note, p. 83.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report on Mortality Statistics.

N o. 8 2 .— D e a t h s , F r o m S e l e c t e d C a u s e s , a n d D e a t h R a t e s p e r 100,000 P o p u l a t i o n , f o r t h e D e a t h - R e g i s t r a t i o n A r e a 1
Detailed
Int. List
No.
1,2
78
9
10
11,107*109
11
107
108
109
15
18
23
24-32
38
45-53
59
82a, c
90-93,94a,
95
106
119,120
121
122
124
130-132
140,142a.
145
141,142b,
143, 144,
146-150
157-161
163-171
172-175
206
208
210
CAUSE OP DEATH
All causes..
Typhoid and paratyphoid fever..........
Measles................. . ........ _.........
Scarlet fever______________________
Whooping oough__________________
Diphtheria.........—...............................
Influenza and pneumonia (ailforms),.
Influenza..........................................
Bronchopneumonia _________
Lobar pneumonia______________
Pneumonia unspecified----------------
Erysipelas......................... ....................
Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis__
Tuberculosis of the respiratory system
Other forms of tuberculosis.................
Malaria........................................... .......
Cancers and other malignant tumors.
Diabetes mellitus.................. —..........
Cerebral hemorrhage and softening....
[Diseases of the heart *_____________
Bronchitis...........................................
Diarrhea and enteritis6........................
Appendicitis..........................................
Hernia, intestinal obstruction7______
Cirrhosis of the liver______ ________
Nephritis..
jpuerporal septicemia..
J-Other puerperal causes.........................
Congenital malformations and diseases
of early infancy..............................
Suicide..................................................
Homicide.............................................
Automobile and railroad train collision.
Automobile and streetcar collision.......
Automobile accidents (primary) 8____
Other external causes_______ ______
Number
of deaths,
1938
1,331,891
2,418
3,296
1,206
4, 778
2, 556
104, 443
16,520
39.611
44,474
3,83S
712
1,024
58,027
5,708
2.378
149, 214
31,037
99,199
282, 423
3, 625
18,508
14,300
12.612
10, SOS
100,520
3,333
6,620
63,208
19,802
8,799
1,489
165
30,564
61,774
1990
1,755.0
35.9
12.5
10.2
12.1
43.3
203.4
22.9
21.9
■158. 6
5.1
(4)
181.7
21.4
7.9
03.0
9.7
71.5
132.1
45.7
133.2
9.7
12.2
12.9
89.0
5.7
7.6
91.8
11.5
2.1
(0
(4)
(4)
79.0
1910
1,496.2
23.5
12.3
11.6
11.4
21.4
162.1
14.4
47.1
46.4
54.3
4. 5
.4
136.0
24.3
2.2
76.2
14.9
75.7
158.8
23.4
117.4
11.4
12.4
13.9
98.1
7.2
8.5
88.1
16.0
5.9
(*)
(*) 1.8
82.6
REGISTRATION ABBA *—RATE
1920 1930
1,303.8
7.8
8.8
4.6
12.5
15.3
208.0
70.9
54.5
73.0
9.5
3.1
1.6
97.0
17.0
3.6
83.2
16.0
81.7
159.1
13.2
54.3
13.4
10.6
7.1
89.2
12.5
84.7
10.2
7.1
(0
(*)
10.4
60.9
1,133.9
4.8
3-2
1.9
4.8
4.9
102.7
19.5
34.3
45.4
3.5
2.1
3.6
63-4
8.1
2.9
97.3
19.0
81.0
205.7
4.2
26.3
15.3
10.3
7.2
00.8
4.7
8.1
61-0
15.7
9.0
1.5
.4
24.5
54.2
1935
1,092.9 1,151.8
2.8
3.1
2.1
3.7
3.1
104.0
22.1
33.4
4 5 .2
3.2
1.7
2 .1
4 9 .8
5.2
3.5
107.9
22.2
76.6
213.1
3.1
14.1
12.7
10.3
7.9
81.2
4.1
5.8
49.4
14.3
8.3
1.2
.2
26.8
50.1
1930 1937
2.5
1.0
1 .9
2 .1
2.4
119.3
26.3
36.8
52.8
3.4
1.6
2.4
50.6
5.0
3.1
111.0
23.7
81.2
227.9
3.4
16.3
12.8
10.5
8.2
83.2
3.6
5.9
49.7
14.2
8.0
1.3
.2
27.8
56.5
1,122.1
2.1
1.2
1.4
3.9
2.0
114.5
29.4
35.4
46.6
3.1
1.0
1.7
49.0
4.6
2.1
112.0
2 3 .7
7 7 .0
2 2 2 .3
3 .1
3 4 .6
1 1 .9
10.1
8 .5
7 9 .6
2.9
5.4
49.0
14.9
7.6
1.4
.2
28.8
51.1
1938
1,060.9 1,719.5
1.9
2.5
.9
3.7
2.0
80.2
12.7
30.4
34.2
2.9
.5
.8
44.6
4.4
1.8
114.6
23.8
76.2
2X6.9
2.8
14.2
11.0
9.7
8.3
77.2
2.6
5.1
48.5
15.2
6.8
1.1
.1
23.5
47.4
1900
31.3
13.4
9.6
12.3
40.4
202.2
26.7
22.8
152.7
5.4
( 4>
1 7 4 .5
21.9
6.3
64.0
11.0
76.5
337-4
45.2
139.9
8.8
11.9
12.6
88.7
5.8
REGISTRATION STATES OP 1900 (INCLUDING
D. C.)—R a te
88.2
10.2
1.2
(4)
72.3
1910
1, 582.4 1,376.0
i See general note, p. 83. 2 In continental United States. 3 includes capillary bronchitis. * Not separately tabulated. « Excludes diseases of coronary arteries,
o Includes ulcer of the duodenum from 1900 to 1920. 7 Excludes adhesions of intestines from 1900 to 1920. 8 See also tables 469 and 4/0.
Source- Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census; Vital Statistics—Special Reports, Vol. 9, Nos. 18, 23, and 40 and official records (not published elsewhere).
18.0
12.6
12.2
1 0 -7
2 2 .5
1 7 4 -4
1 5 .5
5 2 .6
5 2 .4
5 3 .9
4.9
.3
1 3 8 .1
2 6 .6
1 .3
83.0
1 7 .6
88.0
180.9
2 6 .6
1 1 9 .4
31.1
12.6
1 4 .4
1 0 7 .3
6 .7
94.6
15.4
3.9
0
a 2.0
75.8
1920
4.9
10.3
5.2
11.9
17.3
209.2
54.9
64.8
82.4
7.0
3.6
1.8
93-1
18-6
.2
98. 7
20.4
96.4
197.6
17.1
55.6
13.2
11.1
7.7
97.4
6.0
11.5
90.8
10.9
4.2
(
VITAL STATISTICS

DEATH RATES 87
No. 8 3 . — D e a t h R a t e s P e b 100,000 P o p u l a t i o n , b o b L e a d i n g C a u s e s o e
D e a t h , B y S t a t e s : 1938
Note.—See general note, p. 83. Numbers following causes represent those of the detailed International
List of Causes of Death
AREA
Total
Diseases
of the
heart
90-95
Cancers
and
other
malignant
tumors
45-53
82
Cerebral
hemorrhage,
embolism,
thrombosis
Influenza
and
pneumonia
(all
forms)
11.
107-109
130-132
Nephritis
Tuberculosis
(all
forms)
23-32
Congenital
malformationsanrl
diseases
of early
infancy
157-161
All
other
causes
United States......... 1,060.9 268.9 114.6 86.7 80.2 77.2 48.9 48.6 33B.8
Alabama..................... 1,020. 2 164. 1 58.2 75. 7 102.1 80,5 55. 8 54.2 429.5
Arizona....................... 1, 456. 8 207.8 85.0 53.2 180. 7 62.1 234.0 79.0 548.5
Arkansas..................... 828.7 124.7 55.5 61.1 89.5 70.4 49.1 34.9 343.5
California.................... 1,238.0 362.5 147.7 90.1 69.6 77.6 65.4 43.6 381.4
Colorado...................... 1,177.9 257. 6 118.7 87.8 115.2 87.5 60.5 62. 7 388.0
Connecticut................. 1,009.9 316.2 141.9 81.8 53.4 77.9 36.1 36.5 266.1
1 225. 7 366. 3 119. 5 1QIL 4 81. 6 100.4 51. 7 49.4 356. 3
District of Columbia.... I, 269. 9 341. 5 139.9 83.1 87. 2 99.5 71, Q 63. 0 384,1
Florida........... ............. 1,258.9 260. 5 92.7 111.4 97.3 98.2 59.0 59.0 480.8
Georgia........................ 1,095. 1 177.8 03.7 99.2 113.5 111.9 52.4 60.7 416.0
Idaho........................... 921. 9 216.6 91.9 66.9 84.8 56,8 22. 1 62. 5 320. 3
Illinois........................ 1,076. 0 316. 5 137.3 74.1 62.2 91.4 46.9 41.7 305. 9
Indiana........................ 1,110.3 289.1 119.3 106.3 74.4 105.2 40.4 44.8 330.9
Iowa............................ 1,004. 0 252. 0 131.3 106.8 78.2 59.9 19. 2 45. 6 312.1
Kansas........... ........... 996. 9 237.7 119.8 103.6 65.8 90.0 22.9 42. 7 314. 5
K entucky.................. 1,003. 8 203.0 77.7 82.9 96. 9 66.2 69.7 60.0 347.3
Louisiana..................... 1,161. 7 250.4 88.2 71. 2 122.0 100.3 66.7 75.5 387.3
Maine.......................... 1,227. 5 337.4 150.5 114.8 93.2 82.5 30.5 G6.6 352.0
Maryland.................... 1, 241. 6 327. 8 136.1 104.7 87.0 130.4 78.7 53.0 323. 9
Massachusetts............. 1,120. 8 302. 0 150. 9 96. 7 74.0 69.2 38. 0 39.7 283. 6
Michigan.................. 1,049. 4 289. 2 120. 4 94.3 60.8 57.2 39.3 57. 0 325. 2
Minnesota................... 987. 1 252.1 140.4 90.2 79. i 41.0 30.8 51.7 301.8
Mississippi.................. 1,127. 0 101.0 69.1 73.7 102.7 100.6 57.4 52.8 509.6
Missouri................... 1,066.9 250.3 123.8 87.0 97.0 m o 48.0 39. 5 317.7
Montana...................... 1,054. 5 242.7 103.3 81.1 80.9 58.3 44.7 51.0 392,6
Nebraska................... 877.1 215.7 119.4 86. 1 63.9 58.0 16.6 39.8 277.7
Nevada........................ 1, 259. 4 306.9 127.7 61.4 85.1 76.2 78.2 52. 5 471.3
New Hampshire......... 1, 254. 9 379.8 154.1 120. 6 88.0 101.0 29.0 52. 7 329.6
New Jersey.............. 1,009. 2 319.8 128,2 79.6 60.9 72.4 43.9 32. 0 272.3
New Mexico................ 1, 412. 8 154.3 66.6 54.7 129.1 59.2 115.2 83. 2 750.5
Now York................... 1,136. 2 367.8 156.9 73.4 67.7 71.1 50.6 40. 1 307.5
North Carolina........... 962. 2 177.1 54.8 90.0 92.9 86.0 53.5 68. 9 338.8
North Dakota............. 737. 7 150. 6 89.0 65,4 59.1 40.9 19.8 55.0 257.9
Ohio ........................... 1,112.4 282.7 131.3 108.6 72.9 77.4 45.0 46. 9 348.7
Oklahoma................. 783.2 140.2 69.0 68.6 74.6 51.8 42.7 44. 3 292.0
Oregon......................... 1, 147.4 289.4 144.9 107.3 67.1 106.1 30.1 42.0 360.6
Pennsylvania.............. 1, 054. 3 308.1 121.9 83.8 72.7 82.4 43.1 46. 5 290.0
Rhode Island.............. 1, 215.3 362. 7 159.0 98. 7 85.5 105.0 40.5 46. 8 317.0
South Carolina............ 1,105. 0 196.7 54.8 95.7 118.2 90.0 50.0 56. 5 443.0
South Dakota.............. 792.2 167.9 87.0 69. 9 65.2 39.0 34.4 44.9 283.8
Tennessee.................... 1,012.4 165.4 74.7 81.7 109.1 63.6 77.5 46. 5 394.0
Texas..... ..................... 975. 5 174.2 74.4 70.8 95.2 57.6 66.9 55. 8 380. 5
Utah............................. 935. 1 240.3 88.6 56. 1 75.5 54.3 19.3 77, 3 323.7
Vermont.................... 1,198. 7 330.6 133.9 116.4 94.5 84.6 39.2 55.6 337.9
Virginia....................... 1,093. 1 237.0 81.7 102.5 98.7 87.4 66.8 66.7 352.1
Washington............... 1,117. 5 301.5 137.7 107.3 76.4 69.5 43.1 41. 5 340.4
West Virginia.............. 952. 6 171. 6 75.7 73.0 91.2 69.7 50.1 67.5 353.9
Wisconsin.................... 1, 049. 4 295.0 140.3 90.6 67.3 03.7 32.1 51.8 308.6
Wyoming..................... 951.1 217.0 89.8 62.1 75.7 53.6 25.5 60.9 366.4
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Vital Statistics—Special Reports, Vol. 9,
No. 30.

88 VITAL STATISTICS
N o. 8 i . — B irth s, D eaths, and D eaths Under 1 Y,ear of Ag e, by Se x , f o r
Birth-R egistration Area: 1915 to 1939
N o t e .— See g eneral n o te, p. 83
YEAR
Population
of registration
area 1
Percent
of
u . s.
total
population
Percent
of
U. S.
total
area
BIRTH REGISTRATION AREA 1
Births
Deaths
Total Male Female Total Male Female
1015......... 30, 936,179 31.1 9.8 770,304 398, 615 377, 089 436, 593 234,871 201,722
1920......... 63t 740, 689 59.8 38.7 1, 508,874 775, 322 733,552 836,134 438, 201 397,933
1924......... 80, 260, 025 76.2 56.8 1, 930, 614 992,431 938,183 1, 006, 994 542,637 464, 357
1925......... 87,480, 096 76.2 56.6 1, 878,880 966,973 911,907 1,030, 518 555,267 476, 251
1926......... 89,682,479 77.0 63.2 1, 856,068 953,638 902,430 1,093,511 589, 653 503,858
1927......... 103,575,656 87.6 72.0 2, 137, 836 1,099, 287 1,038, 549 1,176, 805 638,080 538, 725
1928......... 113,050,663 94.3 80.8 2, 233,149 1,147, 625 1,085, 524 1,361,987 738,801 623,006
1929......... 115,097. 972 94.7 88.6 2,169,920 1,114,814 1,055,106 1,369,767 745,491 624,260
1930........ 116,656,000 94.7 88.6 2,203,958 1,131,976 1,071,982 1, 321, 367 723,315 598, 052
1031......... 117, 622,000 94.7 88.6 2,112,760 1,084,404 1,028,356 1,301,405 714,277 587,128
1932____ 119,027,000 95.2 91.2 2,074,042 1,063,885 1,010,157 1,293, 269 704,506 588,763
1933____ 126,770,000 100.0 100.0 2,081,232 1,068,871 1,012,361 1,342,106 737, 312 604,704
1934......... 126,626,000 100.0 100.0 2,167, 636 1,112,703 1,054,933 1, 396, 903 772, 595 624, 308
1935......... 127,521,000 100.0 100.0 2,155,105 1,105,489 1,049, 616 1,392,752 771,320 021, 432
1036......... 128,429,00ft 100.0 100.0 2,144,790 1,099,405 1,045, 325 1,479, 228 821,439 657, 789
1937......... 129,257,000 100.0 100.0 2, 203.337 1. 130,641 1.072,096 1,450,427 808, 834 641, 593
1938........ 130, 215, 000 100.0 100.0 2, 280,962 1,172,541 1,114,421 1,381,391 764,902 610,489
1939........ 3130, 215, Oftft 100.0 100.0 *2, 262, 726 m m

BIBTHS AND DEATHS 89
N o. 8 5 .— B ir t h s a n d D e a t h s, by P l a c e o f O c c u r r e n c e a n d b y P l a c e o f
R e s id e n c e , f o r S e l e c t e d C i t i e s : 1938
N ote.—T he first find second columns comparo tho numbers of births occurring in tho spociflcd cities (regardloss
of the places of residence of the mothers) with tho numbers of births to mothers whose permanent
homes were in the specified cities (regardless of the piaces of occurrence of such births). Similarly, tho
third and fourth columns comparo the numbers of deaths occurring in the specified cities (regardless of
the places of residenceiof the decedents) with the numbers of deaths of residents of the spodfiod oifcies
(regardless of the places of occurrence of such deaths). Tor example: The total number of births oc«
enrring in Akron (including births to mothers having their permanent homes elsewhere) was 4,212;
whereas the total number of births to mothers having their permanent homes in Akron (including births
occurring elsewhere) was 3.825
AREA
BIRTHS BY
TLACE OF—
O c c u r­
ren ce
R e sid
en ce
DEATHS BY
PLACE OF—
O ccu r­
ren ce
R e s i­
d en ce
AREA
BIRTHS BY
PLACE OF—
DEATHS BY
PLACE OF—
Occurrence
Residence
Occurrence
Residence
A k r o n .,........................ 4,212 3,825 2,054 1,943
A lb a n y ........................... 2, 607 1,709 1,770 1,582
A tla n ta .......................... 6,507 5.888 4,310 4, 204
B a ltim o r e - ................... 16,208 13,036 11,001 10,303
B irm in g h a m ................ 5,835 5,256 3,767 S. 700
B o s to n ........ ................... 15,910 12,002 10,860 9,515
B rid g e n o rt................. 2,804 2,139 1,636 1, 509
Buffalo"..............- .......... 10, 308 8,806 7,122 6,621
C a m b rid g e.............. 2,216 1,807 1,375 1,345
C a m d e n ......................... 3, 369 1,868 1,601 1,311
C a n to n ......... ................. 2, 291 1,805 1,110 1,020
O h a tta n o o g a ................ 2, 575 2,261 1,910 1,684
C h ic a g o ....................... 51, 660 52,171 35,210 36,243
C in c in n a ti.................... 9,106 7.306 0,692 6,110
O l o v o l a n d ................. 15,847 14,133 9, 572 0, 251
C o lu m b u s ................ 5,699 5,109 4.243 3,734
D a lla s ............................. 6,077 5,116 3,272 2,907
D a y to n ......................- 4,522 3,932 2,6.19 % 449
Denver.................... 6,281 5 ,39S 4,359 3,964
Dos Moines............. 3,216 2,702 1,813 1,558
Detroit..................... 28,814 27,403 12,817, 12,958
Duluth.................... 1,952 1 ,6G0 1,209 1,077
Elizabeth................. 2,383 1.701 1,336 1,109
El Paso.................... 2,752 2,512 1,390 1,252
Erlo......................... 2,691 2,231 1,293 1,100
Evansville.............. 2,098 1,813 1,312 1,207
Fall R iv er.............. 1,589 1,348 1,568 1,497
F lin t...................... 3,771 3,231 1,261 1,170
Fort Wayne............. 2,117 1, 48 1,285 1,219
Fort Worth.............. 3,305 2,853 1,905 1,776
Gary........................ 2,512 2,138 974 970
Grand Rapids......... 3,004 3.052 1,608 1, 586
Hartford................... 4,134 2,552 2,124 1,731
Houston_________ 7,666 6,839 4 , m 3.866
Indianapolis............ 6,086 6,655 5,153 4,795
Jacksonville, Fla__ 3,003 2, G32 2,159 1,973
Jersey City.............. 6,916 4, 370 3.522 3,326
Kansas City, Kans.. 2,240 2,057 1,532 1,301
Kansas City, M o... 0,342 5,769 5,147 4,800
Knoxville................. 2,278 1,938 1, 446 1,262
Long B each.--....... 2,902 2, 504 1.630 1,768
Los Angeles______ 20,500 21,937 16,849 15, G32
Louisville.......-........ 6,129 5,685 4,254 4,104
Lowell.................... 1,812 1,502 1,413 1,341
Lynn........................ 1,434 1,383 1,049 1, 071
Memphis................. 5,443 4.645 4,222 3,328
Miami...................... 2,512 2,573 1,667 1,555
Milwaukee.... .......... 0,980 9,402 5,203 6,753
Minneapolis______ 8,867 7,532 5,10C 4,630
Nashville.................. 3,770 3,57E 2, 726 2, 294
Newark, N. J .......... 7,925 0, 316 4,004 4,752
New Bedford........... 1,715 1, 508 1,235 1,229
New Haven............. 3,407 2, 298 2,010 1,662
New Orleans............ 10,284 7, 90G 8.073 0,580
New York-.............. 101,020 100,383 73,788 74,051
Norfolk ..................... 2,257 2,257 1,030 1,607
Oakland................... 5,270 4,156 3,611 3,703
Oklahoma City___ 4,310 3, 778 2,218 1,837
Omaha.- ........... - 4,417 3,780 2,084 2,425
Paterson................... 2,830 i , m 1,710 1,482
Pooria....................... 2,835 1,993 1,450 1,210
Philadelphia............ 30,768 28,817 24,214 23,722
Pittsburgh............... 14,465 10,839 8,125 6,080
Portland, Oreg___ 5,060 4,030 4,003 3,680
Providence........... 6,551 3,045 3,280 3.098
Reading.................... 1,331 1,401 1,240 1,277
Richmond................ 3,651 2,887 2,770 2,414
Rochester................. 5,484 4,277 3,563 3,365
St. Louis.................. 14,105 11,963 10.590 0,878
St. Paul................... 5,546 4,877 3,000 2,811
Salt Lake City------ 3,905 3,081 1,803 1,423
San Antonio............. 6,445 6,085 3,335 3,185
3,781 2,878 2,440 2,082
San Francisco_____ 8,639 7,682 8,512 7,085
Scranton................... 2,674 2,113 1,868 1,074
Seattle....................... 5,775 6,073 4,807 4,562
Somorvlllc------------ 1,301 1,093 962 1,132
South Bond_______ 1, 645 1,545 886 903
Spokane. — ......... 2,615 1,824 1,611 1,352
Springfield, M ass... 1,883 1,478 1,750 1,521
Syracuse................... 4,096 2,004 2,522 2 ,2 3 5
Tacoma.................... 2 , 203 1, 608 1,472 1, 230
Tam pa................ — 1,829 1,774 1,162 1,171
Toledo...................... 5,163 4, 633 3, 522 3, 293
Trenton.................... 2,609 1,043 1, 637 1, 468
Tulsa........................ 2, 647 2,430 1,426 1, 388
Utica......................... 1, 876 1,472 1,401 1,421
Washington, D. 0 .. 12, 038 10.368 7,962 7, 586
W ichita.................... 2, 304 1, 086 1,159 1,083
Wilmington, D el--- 2, 586 1,873 1,511 1,341
Worcester........... — 3,523 2,822 2, 451 2 ,243
Yonkers.................... 1,836 1,700 1, 243 1, 343
Youngstown.......... 3,573 2,997 1,718 1,640
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tho Census; Vital Statistics of the United States, 1938
Part n .
267706°— 41-------8

9 0 VITAL STATISTICS
N o . 8 6 . — B i r t h s a n d E x c e s s o f B i r t h s O v e r D e a t h s , b y S t a t e s : 1930 t o
1939
N ote.—Sog general note, p. 83. For number of deaths in each State for 1938 and 1939, see table 79; for
number in birth registration area, see table 84
AREA
NUMBER OF BIRTHS
EXCESS OF BIRTHS OVER DEATHS
1030 1935 .1937 1938 193!) 3 m s 1937 1938 1939 2
Total birth registration
area in continental
U .S -.......................... 2,203.958 2, 155,105 2, 203, 337 2,286,962 2,202,726 762,353 762,910 905, 571 874, 089
White.................... 1,953,163 1,888,012 1,928,437 2,005, 955 0 680,653 073,880 810,524 0
Other races............. 250,795 267,093 274,900 281,007 (s) 81,700 79, 260 95,047 0
Urban4.......................... 1,030,074 997,332 1,007,239 1,121,394 1,124, 031 271,015 303,439 395, 593 390,039
B und*........................... 1,123,284 1,157,773 i , m , a o 8 1 ,1G5,508 1,138,095 491,338 449,471 509, 978 484,890
Alabama........................
White......................
Other races_______
A rizona.......................
Arkansas.......................
White......................
Other races.............
California......................
White................
Other racos.............
Colorado......................
Connecticut..................
Delaware.......... ............
District of Columbia...
W hite....................
Other races.............
Florida...........................
White.......... ...........
Other races.............
Georgia..........................
W hite...................
Other races.............
Idaho...................... .
Illinois. .........................
Indiana..........................
Iowa____ ____ _____
Kansas..........................
Kentucky.....................
White....................
Other races............
Louisiana......................
W hite.....................
Other races.............
M aine..........................
Maryland.....................
White....................
Other races...........
Massachusetts..... .........
Michigan.......................
Minnesota.....................
Mississippi....................
White......................
Other races.............
Missouri........................
Montana....................
Nebraska.......................
Nevada................. .......
New Hampshire...........
New Jersey...................
New Mexico.................
New York.....................
North Carolina.............
White.......... ..........
Other races.............
03,757 62, 230 61,611 62,032 61,884 33,654 30,768 32, 496 33, 579
40,782 38,304 38,208 38,812 n 22,503 21,680 22, 774 0
22,975 23,875 23,403 23, 220 0 11,151 9,088 9, 722 0
10,376 9,130 10,494 10,878 10,707 3,062 3,875 4,876 4,868
41,093 35,084 35,236 37,182 35, 664 19,508 16,872 20, 211 19, 043
32,009 27,176 26,615 28,477 ( 4 15,720 13,893 16, 668 0
9,084 8,509 8,021 8,705 (4 3,779 2,979 3, 543 0
84,206 80,131 94,230 101,844 103,443 7,675 13,974 25, 057 26,328
70,508 76,097 89,745 96,878 0 6,982 13,100 24, 006 m
4, 638 4,034 4,485 4,966 0 686 874 1, 661 «
18,814 18,837 19,610 20, 509 20,688 5,703 5,777 7,984 8,136
27,693 22,258 2 2 ,7 7 4 23,783 23,463 4,590 4,882 6, 201 5, 768
4,474 4,036 4, 356 4,431 4, 784 82? 1,005 1,232 1, 014
9,376 10,803 12,343 12,938 14,037 2,320 3,016 4,976 5,747
6,324 7,162 8 ,2 7 4 8,809 0 1,904 2,818 3,671 0
3,052 3, 641 4,069 4,129 0 416 798 1,305 0
26,993 28, 051 29,507 31, 096 32,333 8,005 8,547 10,072 11,028
18,602 19, 579 20,564 21, 756 0 6,616 7,107 8,297 (3)
8,391 8,472 8,943 9,340

BIRTH AND DEATH 'RATES 91
No. 8 6 .—B ikths and Excess o f B irth s O ver D eaths, b t S ta te s : 1930 t o
1930— C ontinued
AREA
NUMBER OF BIRTHS EXCESS OF BIRTHS OVER DEATHS 1
1980 1935 1937 1938 1930 > 1035 1937 1938 1939 3
North Dakota................ 14,783 13, 055 12,637 13,041 13,160 7,705 7,197 7,833 7,733
Ohio................................ 118,26C i o i , 10a 107, 570 112,007 109,281 23, 747 27,387 37,708 32,348
Oklahoma...................... 42,505 43, 691 41, 450 4 4 ,18S 43, 428 22, 0OC 20,143 24,231 23,050
W h ite ............................. 3 9 ,4BS 40, 300 37, 616 39, 972 (» 22,181 19,382 22,000 f>)
Other ra c e s -................ 3,037 3, 331 3.84C 4,210 m 419 761 1,331 (3)
Oregon............................ 13,468 13,179 15,457 16, 245 10,708 1,749 3,110 4,461 4,920
Pennsylvania................. 189,468 101,100 161,288 165,984 161,044 62, 011 46,339 58,702 53,017
Rhode Island................. 12,191 10, 215 1 0 ,24C 10,536 10,445 2,377 1,906 2,260 2,670
40, 4G0 40, 59£ 40,642 4 1 ,12C 42, 548 20, 245 20,103 20,402 23,274
W hite....................... 20,057 19, 590 19,745 20,352 (*) 10,436 10,469 n , o i 7 «
Other races.............. 20,403 21, 008 20,892 20,768 (!) 9, 800 9,834 9,385 m
South Dakota................ («) 12, 850 11,908 11,826 11,477 6, 534 5,049 0,344 6,028
Tennessee................. 52, 052 53,314 51,938 53,651 53,352 23, 312 21,706 24, 363 24,626
W hite...................... 44, 540 44,981 43,859 45,602 22,8(51 21,777 24,112 m
Other races.............. 8,100 8, 333 8 ,07E 8 ,04G (») 451 —71 251
Texas.................. ........... m 114, 721 116,057 121,156 121,033 53,068 50,009 60,048 GO, 808
W h it e ............................. (•) 100,700 1 02,12S 106,343 (* 50,711 48,828 57,480 p )
Other races.............. (») 13, 965 13,928 14,813 m 2, 347 1,781 3,4(58 t 3)
U tah............................... 12,945 12, 695 12,693 13, 214 13,007 7,029 7,704 8,301 8, 294
Vermont..................— 6,934 6 ,5 9 ) 6,326 0, 301 6,376 1,814 1, 345 1, 710 1,830
Virginia.......................... 64, 703 51,487 51,960 53,495 52.920 21,129 2 0 ,8 3 1 23,916 24, 279
White....................... 38,972 36, 610 36,834 38, 402 S’ 17,338 16, 854 19, 212 ft
Other races.............. 15,731 14, 877 15,116 15,033 (*> 3, 791 3, 977 4,704 ra
Washington................... 23, 019 22, 390 25,030 26,767 26,537 4,193 5,942 8, 230 8, 023
W e s t Virginia................ 41, 014 41, 774 42,240 42,434 41,647 23,434 23,050 24, 668 24, 053
Wisconsin...................... 80, 788 52, 502 53,543 55,004 54,170 21,808 21, 570 24, 300 22, 745
Wyoming....................... 4,471 4, 362 4, 530 4,946 6,038 2,078 2 ,1 0 0 2,711 2,827
‘ A minus sign indicates on excess of deaths over hirths. ‘ Provisional figures.
» Not available. 8 Not in the birth registration area.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Vital Statistics of the United States, 1938,
Part I and Vital Statistics—Special Reports, Vol. 9, Nos. 40 and 60.
No. 8 7 .-—Birth and D eath R ates and R ates op E xcess op Births Over
D eaths, per 1,000 P opulation, for Birth-R egistration Area: 1920 to
1933
N o te.—For rates for the total birth registration area for 1934 to 1939, see table 84. No later data available
by race or for urban or rural areas. See also general note, p. 83
AREA 1920 1925 1927 1928 1030 1930 1931 1932 U33
Total birth registration area;1
White:
TMrthff 23.4
12.7
Other races:
Births.............................. 2Q.9
18.3
Urban: 2
Rural: a
23.7 21.fi 20.6 19.8 18.9 18.9 18.0 17.4 16.5
13.1 11.8 11.4 12.0 11.9 11.3 11.1 10.9 10.7
10.6 9.7 9.2 7.8 7.0 7.6 6.9 6.6 5.8
21.2 20.4 19.6 18.6 18.6 17.7 17.0 16.1
11.4 10.9 11.6 11.3 10.8 1 0 .0 10.5 10.3
10.7 9.8 9.5 8.0 7 .3 7.8 7.1 6.5 5.8
25.4 23.6 22.2 21.8 21.5 2 0 .9 21.3 2 0 .2
17.6 16.6 17.1 16.9 16.3 15.5 14.5 14.1
8.6 7.8 7.1 5.1 4 .4 5.2 5.4 6.8 6.1
23.9 21.9 21.0 20.1 1 0 .4 19.1 17,5 1 0 .7 15,6
14.0 12. 7 12. 4 13.3 13.0 1 2 .3 11.0 116 11.5
9.9 9.2 8.6 6.8 6.4 6.8 5.8 5.1 4.1
23.5 21.0 20.3 19.5 18.4 18.7 18.4 18.1 17.4
Deaths.......................... 12.2 10.9 1 0 .4 11.0 10.9 10.5 10.8 10.2 9.9
11.8 1 0 .1 9.0 8.5 7 .5 8 .2 8.1 7.9 7.5
1 In continental United States.
1 Includes all cities having a population of 10,000 or more in 1930, and certain towns and townships eaoh
having a population of 10,000 or more and a population density of 1,000 or more per square mile.
3 Includes cities having less than 10,000 population.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report on Births, Stillbirths, and
Infant Mortality Statistics.

9 2 VITAL STATISTICS
N o . 8 8 .— B n m i R a t e s a n d R a t e s op E x c e s s op B i r t h s o v e r D e a t h s p e e
1,000 P o p u l a t i o n , b t S t a t e s : 1920 t o 1939
N o t e .— S g u g e n e r a l n o t e , p .
AREA
, BHITH3 PER 1,000 POPULATION
m o m s m o 1935 1837 1938 18392 1935 1930 1935 1937
T o ta l b ir th
registration
areaJ______ 23.7 21.5 IS. 9 16.9 17.0 17.6 17.4
EXCESS OF BIRTHS OVER DEA TH8 PER
1,000 POPULATION I
9.7 7.8 6.0 5.0
Alabama................... w M 24.0 22.0 21.3 21.4 21.4
Arizona..................... («) m 24.0 22.5 25.5
« 12.6 11.9 10.6 11.2
26.4
11.6
26J)
Arkansas................. («> 0 22.1 17.9 17.2 18,2 17.4 ‘
8.6 7.5 8.7 11.8 11.8
California.................. 19.0 18.4 14.8 13.4
o 11.9 H.R 8.2 9.9
15.3
9.3
16.5 HL8 8.1
Colorado-.. .
3.2
(*) 0) 18.1
1.3
17.7
2.3 4.1
18.3 19.2
4.3
19J{
Connecticut 24.5 19.8 17.2 13.0 13.1
M 5.4 5.3 5.4 7.4
13. 7
7.6
13 5 8.0 6.5
Delaware............ V) 20.2
2.7
18.7
2.8 3.6
15.8 16.7 17.0 18 3
3.3
6,7 6.1
D istrict of Columbia 20.1 19.6 19.1
3.3
18.2
4.1 4.7
19.7
6.2
20.6 2JL4 4.5
Florida................
4.1
(‘j 23.8 18. 3
3.0
17.4
5.8 7.9
17.7 18.6 19 d
9.2
10.2
Georgia...............
5. 9

BIRTHS AMD STILLBIRTH'S 93
N o. 8 9 .— Births and Stillbirths, by L egitimacy, by St a t e s: 3938— Con.
AREA
Total
LIVE BIHTHS
Total
STILLBIRTHS
STILLBIRTHS PER 100
LIVE BIRTHS
Total
Legitimate
Illegitimate
Legitimate
Illegitimate
Legitim
ate
Illegitimate
Alabama.................... 62,032 56,854 5,178 2, 595 2,162 433 4 .2 3 .8 8 .4
W hite............ 38,8X2 38,110 702 1,131 1,084 47 2. 9 2 .8 • 6 .7
Other races............. 23, 220 IS, 744 4,476 1,464 1,078 386 6 .3 5 .8 8 .6
Arizona... 10,878 10,623 255 297 283 14 2.7 2 .7 5 .5
Arkansas— ................ 37,382 35,706 1,170 1, 245 1,127 118 3.3 3. 2 8 .0
W hite........ ............. 28, 477 28, 028 449 760 732 28 2 .7 2. G 6 .2
Other races................... 8,705 7,678 1,027 485 395 90 5.6 6 .1 8 .8
Colorado........ 20, 599 20,004 535 514 491 23 2.5 2 .4 4 .3
Connecticut—............ 23,783 23, 304 479 520 512 14 2.2 2 .2 2 .9
Delaware.......... 4,431 4.002 369 134 116 18 3.0 2 .9 4 .9
District of Columbia. 12, 938 11,833 1,105 441 360 81 3 .4 3 .0 7 .3
W hite_____________ 8,809 8,631 178 239 226 13 2. 7 2 .6 7 .3
Other races............. 4,129 3,202 927 202 134 68 4.9 4 .2 7 ,3
Florida.................. 31,096 28,977 2,119 1, 532 1, 328 204 4 .9 4. 6 9 .0
W hite.......... 21, 756 21, 364 392 714 603 21 3 .3 3 .2 5 .4
Other races.. 9, 340 7,613 1, 727 818 035 183 8 .8 8 .3 10. G
Georgia.-................... 64,636 59,743 4,893 3,413 2, 921 402 5.3 4 .9 10.1
W hite........................... 38,899 38,290 GOD 1,403 1, 358 40 3 .6 3 .5 7 .4
Other races.. 25, 737 21,453 4,284 2,010 1,563 447 7 .8 7 .3 10.4
Idaho.................... 11, 277 11,127 150 229 222 7 2 .0 2 .0 4 .7
Illinois....... ........... 122, 562 110, 292 3,270 3,207 3,059 148 2 .6 2 .6 4.5
Indiana___ 60,192 59,123 1,069 1,287 1,246 41 2 .1 2 .1 3 .8
Io w a .................... 43, 221 42,427 794 1,097 1,057 40 2 .5 2 .6 5 .0
Kansas...... ........... 29, 574 29,093 481 695 674 21 2 .4 2 .3 4 .4
Kentucky .... 61,878 60,236 1,642 2,009 1,878 131 3 .2 3 .1 8 .0
W hite................. 58,085 57, 560 1 ,125 1,842 1,747 95 3 .1 3 .0 8 .4
Other races.................. 3,193 2, 676 517 167 131 30 6.2 4 .9 7 .0
Louisiana___ 48,867 44,801 4,066 2,076 1 ,6 3 6 440 4 .2 3 .7 10.8
W hite____ . 28, 084 28,155 529 862 828 24 3 .0 2. 9 4 .5
Other races.................. 20,183 16,646 3, 537 1,224 808 416 6 .1 4 .9 11.8
Maine....... 15,218 14, 708 510 625 492 33 3 .4 3 .3 6 .5
M aryland................... 29,013 26, 785 2, 228 1, 266 1, 099 107 4.4 4 .1 7 .6
W hite— ................... 22,713 22,167 546 805 820 45 3 .8 3 .7 8 .2
Other races.. . 6, 300 4, 018 1, 682 401 279 122 0 .4 8 .0 7 .3
Michigan............. 96,963 94, 034 2, 320 2,741 2, 639 102 2 .8 2 .8 4.4
Minnesota....................... 50,062 48, 904 1, 158 1,249 1, 210 39 2 .6 2 .6 3 .4
Mississippi. .. . 53,694 49, 297 4, 397 2, 552 2,166 386 4 .8 4.4 8 ,8
W hite............... 24,098 23, 835 263 711 690 21 3 .0 2 .9 8 .0
Other races............. 29, 596 25, 462 4,134 1,841 1,476 365 6 .2 5 .8 8 .8
Missouri..................... 58, 567 56, 615 1, 952 2,048 1,012 136 3 .5 3 .4 7 .0
M ontana........ 10, 673 10, -too 213 250 246 4 2 .3 2 .4 1 .9
Nebraska........................ 22, 401 22,191 210 514 501 13 2 .3 2 .3 6 .2
Nevada................ 1, 888 1,853 35 42 42 2.2 2 .3
New Hampshire. 7, 830 7, 647 183 245 220 16 3.1 3 .0 8 .7
Now Jersey............... 56, 043 54, 624 1,419 1,670 1,596 74 3 .0 2 .9 5.2
Now Mexico . .. 14, 290 13, 724 506 376 356 20 2 .6 2 .6 3 .5
N orth Carolina. ............ 79, 934 73,844 6, 090 3,075 2,637 438 3 .8 3 .6 7 .2
W hito........ 54, 459 53.014 1,445 1,583 1, 510 73 2 .9 2 .8 5 .1
Other races.................. 25,475 20,830 4,645 1,492 1,127 365 5 .0 5 .4 7.B
North Dakota............... 13, 011 12, 747 294 276 264 12 2 .1 2.1 4.1
Ohio____ 112, 667 110,039 2,628 3,098 2, 975 323 2 .7 2 .7 4.7
Oklahoma.................. 44, 188 42, 950 1,238 1,199 1,130 69 2 .7 2 .6 5 .6
W hite— 39,972 39,319 653 1,032 993 30 2.6 2 .5 6.0
Other races. 4, 216 3,631 585 167 137 30 4 .0 3 .8 5 .1
Oregon................. 16,245 16,018 227 349 337 12 2.1 2 .1 5 .3
Pennsylvania.................. 165,984 160,365 5,619 4,959 4,644 315 3 .0 2 .9 6.6
.Rhode Island................. 10, 536 10,240 200 286 277 9 2 .7 2 .7 3 .0
South Carolina............ 41,120 36,593 4, 527 2,082 1, 720 362 5 .1 4 .7 8 .0
W hito___ ____ 20,352 19,848 504 632 613 19 3 .1 3 .1 3 .8
Other races......... 2 0 ,76S 16,745 4,023 1,450 1,107 343 7 .0 0 . 6 8 .5
South Dakota............... 11,826 11,620 206 263 25G 7 2.2 2.2 3.4
Tennessee.. 53,651 51,290 2,361 1, 052 1, 778 174 3. 6 3 .5 7.4
W hite............. 45,602 44,674 928 1,434 1, 384 50 3.1 3 .1 5 .4
Other races__ ______ 8,049 6,616 1,433 518 394 124 6.4 6 .0 8 .7
U tah____ 13,214 13,086 128 280 273 7 2.1 2.1 5 .5
Vermont___ 6,301 6,103 198 168 160 8 2 .7 2.6 4 .0
Virginia..................... 53,495 49,498 3,997 2,141 1,811 330 4 .0 3 .7 8 .3
W hite.................... 38,462 37,390 1,072 1,170 1,103 67 3 .0 2 .9 6 .3
Other races................. 15,033 12,108 2,925 971 708 263 6 .5 5 .8 fi.O
Washington................... 26,767 20, 235 532 452 432 20 1.7 1 .6 3 .8
W est Virginia................. 42,434 40, 546 1.888 1,675 1, 553 12 2 3 .9 3 .8 6.5
Wisconsin.................. 55,004 53, 924 1,080 1,205 1, 230 35 3.3 2 .3 3.2
Wyoming...................... 4,946 4,874 72 02 90 2 1 .9 1 .8 2.8
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Vital Statistics—Special Reports. Vol. 9. Nos.
20 and 46, ana official records (not published elsewhere).

9 4 VITAL STATISTICS
N o . 9 0 . — D e a t h s o f I n f a n t s U n d e r 1 Y e a r o f A g e , 1937 t o 1939, a n d
D e a t h R a t e s p e r 1,000 B i r t h s , 1925 t o 1939, b y S t a t e s
AREA
NUMBER OF INFANT DEATHS
deaths OF INFANTS UNDER 1 YEAR OF AGE l’ER
1,000 LIVE BIRTHS
1031 1938 1 9391 1925 1930 1935 1937 1938 1939 i
Total birth, registration area 119, 931 116,702 108, 632 72 65 56 54 51 48
W h ita ______ _______ 9 7 ,0 6 4 94,4 8 5 ( !) 68 60 52 50 47
Other races................. 22, 867 22,217 (>) 111 100 83 83 79 (!)
Urban 3................ - ........... 65, 463 53,680 50,956 73 63 54 52 48 45
w hite......................... 47,000 46,515 (*) 69 59 51 48 4 4 w
Other races.............. 8 , 463 8 ,1 6 5 w 125 109 90 90 83 (!)
Rural *......... ..................... 64, 408 63,022 57,576 70 66 57 57 54 51
White......................... 69, 064 4 8 ,9 7 0 67 62 53 52 50 m
Other races................. H , 404 H , 052 (>) 101 95 80 80 77
Alabama................... ........... 3, 844 3 ,7 7 2 3 ,6 8 8 (s) 72 63 62 61 60
White. .................... 1, 958 2 ,0 9 0 (*) (s) 60 52 51 54 )
Other races............... 534 481 (!) 0 ) 56 49 62 55 «
California.............-........... 5, 070 4 ,4 5 0 4 ,3 6 7 69 59 50 54 44 42
W hite____________ 4, 784 4 ,1 8 7 66 57 49 53 43 (2)
Other races.._ . ......... 286 263 « 65 80 57 64 53 (2)
Colorado........................... 1,441 1,240 1,133 ( o 94 73 73 60 55
C onnecticut................... 921 804 848 73 56 43 40 36 36
Delaware ......................... 278 234 193 91 78 66 04 53 40
District of Columbia........ 751 622 668 87 71 59 61 48 48
W hite.................... ... 340 328 w 67 52 41 41 37 (2)
Other races... .......... 411 294 (*) 132 110 96 101 71 «
Florida.......... ................... 1 ,7 6 5 1,802 1,821 74 64 02 60 58 56
White ...................... 906 1,055 w 60 50 50 47 48 (2)
Other races................. 799 747 0 ) 97 81 70 81 ( 2)
Idaho................................. 453 603 503 ( s) 57 51 44 45 45
Illinois............................... 4, 967 5, 016 4 ,431 73 56 46 43 41 37
Indiana ........................... 2, 789 2, 560 2,291 68 58 51 50 43 39
Iowa.................................. 1 ,8 6 2 1, 752 1,698 56 54 47 44 41 39
Kansas.............................. 1,302 1, 272 1,150 62 53 50 44 43 39
Kentucky......................... 3,321 3, 704 3 ,1 0 4 70 85 59 59 61 52
W hite..................... 3 ,0 0 2 3. 486 ( !) 67 62 57 57 59 (2)
Other races................. 319 308 « 120 122 99 103 06 (2)
Louisiana.......................... 3, 020 3 , 278 3 ,0 6 7 (3) 78 69 68 67 62
W hite......................... 1,426 1,549 ( !) f t 62 58 54 54 (2)
Other races................. 1, 594 1 ,7 2 9 (3)

DEATHS AND DEATH BATES 95
No, 9 0 .— D e a t h s o f I n f a n t s U n d u e 1 Y e a r o f A g e , I9S7 t o 1939, a n d
D e a t h R a t e s p e r 1,000 B i r t h s , 1925 to 1939, b y S t a t e s — Continued
AREA
NUMBER OF INFANT
DEATHS
DEATHS OF INFANTS UNDER I YEAR OF AGE FER
i, ooo liv e birth s
1937 1938 1939 ' 1935 1930 1935 1937 1938 1931) i
Pennsylvania................... 8,109 7,623 7,336 82 68 51 50 40 40
Rhode Island.................... 487 462 414 73 62 47 48 44 40
South Carolina................ 3,074 3,303 2,826 (») 89 79 76 80 66
White____ ________ 1,238 1,311 m W 69 62 63 64 m
Other races.................. 1,836 1,992 (>) h 108 96 88 96 (!)
South D akota.. . . 608 518 489 h w 52 51 44 43
Tennessee............. 3,171 3,405 2,901 m 76 64 61 63, 54
W hite........................ 2,485 2,722 m m 69 60 57 60 pi
Other races................ 686 683 « m 115 84 85 85
Texas.................................. 8, 575 7,889 8,099 (») (•) 72 74 65 67
IVhito,....................... 7, 295 6,718 (*) (*) m 70 71 63
Other races................ 1, 280 1,171 « m m 83 92 70 m
U ta h ,.............. 52C 618 512 56 57 49 41 47 39
Vermont........... 313 305 295 72 65 40 49 48, 46
Virginia............................. 3, 019 3,540 3,228 81 77 70 70 66 61
W hite....... .................. 2,180 3,193 n 68 65 69 59 57j (3)
Other races................. 1,439 1,347 m 111 107 96 95 90 m
Washington..................... 998 1,035 975 56 49 45 40 39 37
West Virginia.. 2,610 % 643 2, 265 80 81 61 62 62 55
Wisconsin........................ 2,324 2,301 2,171 67 60 46 43 42 40
Wyoming......................... 252 256 220 64 69 51 56 52 44
Total for area having
birth registration in
2M7*.............. 55,992 54,143 49,865 73 63 52
1Provisional figures.
1Not available.
5 Not in the birth registration area.
1 Exclusive of Rhode Island,
50 47 44
N o . 9 1 .— D e a t h R a t e s p e r 1,000 B i r t h s , f o r I n f a n t s U n d e r 1 Y e a r o f
A g e , f o r B i r t h - R e g i s t r a t i o n A r e a , by P r i n c i p a l C a u s e s o f D e a t h :
1920 t o 1938
N ote.—Sec genera] note, p. 83
DEATHS UNDER 1 YEAR OF AGE PER 1, 000 LIVE BHtTHS
CAUSE OF DEATH Registration area i Registration area as of 1917
(exclusive of Rhode Island)
m o 1925 1930 1935 1930 1937 1938 1920 1925 1930 1935 1937 1938
All causes......................... 85.8 71.7 84.0 56.7 57.1 54.4 51.0 86.1 72.8 83. 1 52.3 50.4 47.0
Measles.............. „ . 1.0 .3 .4 .4 .1 0, .3 1.0 .4 .3 .4 .1 .3
Scarlet fever.......... _ , 1 ,1 1 . 1 (*) m w .1 .1 .1 c!i n
Whooping cough ........................ 3.0 1.8 1.5 1.4 . 8 1.4 1.4 3.0 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.0
Diphtheria3.................................. .5 .3 .2 . 1 .1 .1 .1 .5 .3 .2 . 1 .1 .1
Influenzaand pneumoniaf lobar
and unspecified). ..................... 5.9 4.4 3.8 3.6 4.0 3.8 3.0 5.7 4.4 3.6 3.1 3.1 2.5
Dysentery............... ...................... .4 .3 .4 .4 .5 .5 .5 .3 .3 .3 . 2 .3 .3
Erysipelas..................................... .4 .3 .3 .3 .2 .1 .1 .4 . 4 . 4 . 3 . 1 .1
T etan u s.......... .1 .1 .1 . 1 .1 .1 .1 .1 w m (a>
T ubcrculosis (all fo rm s)......... _ 1.0 .0 5 . 3 .3 .3 .2 1.0 .7 .5 .3 .3 .2
Syphilis........................................ .9 .7 .8 .7 .7 .7 .6 .8 .7 .7 .5 . 5 .4
Convulsions.................................. 1,0 .7 .4 . 3 .3 .2 .2 1.0 .7 .4 .3 . 2 .1
Bronchitis and bronchopneumonia............
. . __ 9.6 7.7 6.8 5.8 0.1 5.6 6.1 10.1 8.0 7. 2 5.8 5. a 4.9
Diseases of the stomach * _ . 1.2 .6 .3 . 2 .2 .2 .2 1.1 6 .3 . 2 . 1 . 1
Diarrhea and enteritis 5 .............. 14.9 11.2 7.8 4 9 5.7 5.3 5.0 15.2 n .2 7.6 4.0 4. 1 4. 1
Congenital malformations........... 6.2 6.2 5.3 4.8 4.9 4.6 4.5 6.4 C. 3 5.9 5. 5 6.2 5.1
Congeneftal debility and other diseases
of early infancy................ 7.7 5.9 4.7 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7 7.7 6.1 4.8 3.7 3,5 3,4
P reraature birth..... ............... 19.4 17.2 16.7 15.4 15.7 15.3 14.3 19.1 17.6 16.8 15. 6 15. 4 14. g
Injury at birth______ ________ 3.7 4.9 4.8 4. 5 4.5 4.4 4.4 3.9 4.9 5.3 4. a 4.6 f- 6
External causes............................. 1.0 1.0 1.1 I 0 1,2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 .9 1.0 1.0 l-o
Unknown or ill-defined diseases. 2.5 2.2 4.0 3.4 3.3 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.0 2.0 1. 2 1,0 ■9
All other causes............................ 5.4 6.2 4.5 4. 2 4.3 3.8 3.6 5.3 5.4 4.6 4.1 3.7 3. 4
»In continental United States.

9 6 VITAL STATISTICS
No, 9 2 .—D e a th B ates pee 1,000 B irth s, f o r I n f a n ts U n d e r 1 Y e a r o f
Age, b y A g e Groups, f o r B irth -R e g is tra tio n A rea: 1920 to 1938
N o t e .—See g en eral n o te, p . 83
DEATHS UNDER 1 YEAR OF AGE PER 1.00U LIVE BIRTHS
AGE
R e g istra tio n area i
R e g istra tio n a re a as of 1917 (ex c lu siv e
o f R h o d e Isla n d )
1920 1935 1930 1935 1936 1987 1938 1920 1935 1930 1935 1937 1638
Total u n d e r
1 y e a r.......... 85.8 71.7 64.6 55.7 67.1 54.4 51.0 86.1 72-8 63.1 52.3 50.4 47.0
14.8 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.1 14.7 14.1 14.8 15.0 14.9 14.8 14.6 14.1
4.6 4.2 4.2 3.7 3.9 3.7 3 .6 4.6 4.3 4 .2 3 .7 3 .7 3.5
3.4 3.2 2 .9 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.3 3.4 3 .2 2.9 2 .4 2 .3 2 .3
6.4 5.8 5.1 4.4 4.3 4.0 3. 7 6.4 5.9 5 .0 4.2 3 .7 3 .4
5.4 4.4 3.9 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.6 5.4 4.5 3.8 2.9 2 .7 2.4
3.8 2.9 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 3.8 3 .0 2.5 1.9 1.8 1.6
3.1 2.3 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.5 3.1 2 .4 2.1 1.0 1.6 1.4
U n d e r 1 m o n th .- .. 41.5 37.8 35.7 32.4 32.6 31.3 29.6 41.5 38.3 35.4 31.6 30.3 28.7
7.3 5.8 5.3 4.4 4.4 4.3 3.9 7.2 5.9 5.1 4 .0 4 .0 3 .5
5.7 4.6 4.2 3.5 3.0 3.5 3.2 5.7 4 .? 4.1 3.2 3.1 2.8
3 to 5 m o n th s........... 13.1 10.3 8.8 7.1 7.7 7.2 6.7 13.2 10.5 8.4 6.2 6.2 5.6
6 to 8 m o n th s.......... 10.1) 7.4 6.2 4.8 5.1 4 .8 4.4 10.1 7 .5 5.9 4.1 4 .0 3 .7
9 to 11 m o n th s........ 8.3 5.8 4 .6 3.5 8.0 3 .4 3 .2 8.5 5 .9 4.3 3 .1 2 .9 2.6
• In continental United States.
No. 9 3 .—Births and D eaths in H awaii, P uerto R ico, and Virgin I slands
HAWAII PUERTO RICO VIRGIN ISLANDS
1926 1930 1935 1937 1938 1937 1938 1930 1935 1937 1938
Number:
Births.......................... 0 10,814 9,1D6 8,983 9,062 0 Hi 592 G56 725 703
Deaths„................... 4,108 3,865 3. 306 3, 547 3, 224 37,129 33,874 484 492 498 488
Excess of births over
deaths....................... (>) 6,949 5,890. 5,436 5,838 (>) (0 108 164 227 215
Rate per 1,000 population:
Births.......................... to 29.4 23.8 22.5 22.4 0 0 m m m
Deaths....................... 13.0 10.5 8.6 8.9 8.0 20.9 18.8 m « m (4
Excess of births over
deaths........... ........... (*) 18.7 15.2 13.6 14.4 « 0) (?)

MARRIAGES, DIVORCES, AND ANNULMENTS 97
N o. 95*-— B i r t h - a n d D e a t h - R e g i s t r a t i o n A r e a s — S t a t e s I n c l u d e d a n d
Y e a r W h e n A d m itte d : 1880 t o 1933
N o te.—In each year prior to 1933, the death registration area included besides the registration States, as
given below, a number of cities in nonregistration States. Beginning with 1933, all States have been
included in both the birth and death registration areas
DEATH REGISTRATION STATES AND TERRITORIES
State Year State Year
M assachusetts... Kansas___ _____ 1914
Now Jersey......... 1880 South Carolina.. 1916
TH«t. nf Onl 1917
Connecticut........ |
\ 1918
Now Hampshire. Oregon.................
Rhode Island___ Mississippi..........
} 1910
1020
)
L 1900 J. 1922
BIRTH REGISTRATION STATES AND TERRITORIES
State Year State Year
1021
Massachusetts .. M o ntana........... 1922
New Hampshire- > 1916 Iowa....... ............. 1924
New York.......... North D akota...
Pennsylvania__ West V irginia... 1925
Rhode Island *... Arizona________
1923
■1927
Colorado............ North D akota... 1924
1906
Pennsylvania___ West Virginia...
| 1925
North Carolina.. Colorado..............
South Dakota * . Arizona.............. 1926
1917 f 1928
1008
1927 U ta h ..................
1928
1909 ] 1929
Washington____
1929
New Mexico.......
Wisconsin........... South Dakota__ 1932
1933
1933
N orth Carolina
1910
Oregon................ 1919
1917 South Carolina0. Virgin Islands__ 1924
K entucky______ Virgin Islands__ 1024
1920 1029
1932 Delaware..........
Virginia.............. J 1913
Mississippi.........
i Droppedfrom area in 1900; readmitted in 1919. * Dropped from area in 1910; readmitted in 1930.
t Included only municipalities having n population of 1,000 or more in 1900; remainder added in 1910.
*In 1925, State registration law declared unconstitutional; readmitted in 1928.
i Dropped from area in 1919, readmitted in 1921. 6 Dropped from area in 1925; readmitted in 1928.
N o. 9 6 .— M a r r i a g e s , D i v o r c e s , a n d A n n u lm e n ts , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d
S t a t e s : 1887 t o 1937 _____________________
YEAR
1918
MAEIIIAOES 1 DIVORCES] MAKMAOES 1 DIVORCES >
N u m b e r
P e r
1,000
N u m b e r
p o p u ­
la tio n >
P e r
1,000
p o p u ­
la tio n 3
YEAR
N u m b e r
P e r
1,000
N u m b e r
p o p u ­
la tio n 3
P e r
1,000
p o p u ­
la tio n 3
N u m ­
b e r of
a n n u l ­
m e n ts 3
1887. 482, 680 8 .7 27,919 . fi 1913 . . . 4 1,021,398 10.6 491,307
.9
1888_____ 501,373 8.8 28,609 5 19U 4 1,025,002 10.5 4 100,584 1.0
1 8 8 9 . . 530,037 9 .1 31,735 .5 1916.......... 4 1,007,595 10.1 4 104,298 1.0
1 8 9 0 . . 542,307 0.0 33,461 .5 1916.......... 81,075,775
10.7 6 114,000 1.1
1891............ 502,004 9 .2 35,540 6 1917 4 1,144,200 11.2 4 121,564 1.2
1X09
577,335 9 .1 36, 579 6 1918 4 1,000,109 9.7 4 116,254 1.1
1893 578,467 9 .0 37,408 .6 1019 .. 4 1,150,180 11.0 4 141,527 1 .3
1894 565', 798 8.6 37,568 .6 1920 — 4 1,274,470 12.0 4 170,505 1.6
1XOA 506,633 8 .9 40,387 .6 1091 4 1 ,163,803 10.8 4 159,580 1.6
1896 613,719 9 .0 42,937 .6 1922 1,134,151 10.3 148,815 1 .4
1897 022,112 8 .9 44,699 .6 1923 1,229,784 11.0 165,096 1.6
1X98 625,253 8.8 47,849 .7 1924 1.184.574 10.5 170,952 1.6
1X99 650,585 9 .0 51,437 .7 1925. . 1,188,334 10.3 175,449 1.6
1000______ 685,101 9 .3 55, 751 .7 1926.......... 1.202.574 10.3 180,853 1.6 3 ,8 2 5
1901 71G, 287 9 .6 60,984 .8 1927 . . . 1,201,053 10.2 192,037 1.6 4 ,255
1909 746,364 9 .8 61,480 .8 1928.......... 1,182,497 9 .9 195,939 1.6 4 ,237
1903____ _ 785,020 10.1 64,925 .8 1929.......... 1,232,559 10.1 201,468 1 .7 4 .4 9 8
100-1............ 780, S56 9.9 66,199 .8 1930.......... 1,126,856 9.1 191,591 1.6 4 ,3 7 0
1 9 0 5 . . . . . 804, 016 10.0 67,976 .8 1931 . . 1,060,914 8.6 183,664 1. 5 4 ,3 3 9
1003............ 853,079 10.5 72,062 .0 1932____ 981,903 7.9 100,338 1 .3 8 ,9 0 3
1607 . 4930,936
10.7 476, 571 .9 1933. - f 1,008,000 8. 7 i 165, 000 1 .3
1 9 0 8 ____ 4857,401
0.6 476, 852 .9 1934___ ' 1,302,00ft 10.3 i 204. 001) 1.6
1909 4897i 354 9.9 479, 671 .9 1935 U 327,000 10.4 7 218, 000 1. 7
1910 4018,100
10. 3 483, 045 .9 1936 ’ 1,309,000 10.7 i 236,000 1.8
1911 .......................... 4055, 287 10.2 489,219
1.0 1937.......... »1,420,000 11.0 7 250, 000 1.0
1912 4 ..........................
1,004,002 10.6 404,318
1.0
i F or years prior to 1907, exclusive of data for counties for which returns were lacking or incomplete.
J Statistics for annulments were collected for tho first time in 1926.
3 Based on estimated midyear population. See note 1. 4 Estimated.
0 Including estimates for 106 counties which failed to make returns.
• Including estimates for 05 counties which failed to make returns.
r-Estimates by Samuel A. Stouffcr and Lyle M. Spencer, published in the American Journal of Sociology,
Ja n u ary 1939, pp. 551-554.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of Census—table 95, annual report-son Mortality Statistics and Births, •
Stillbirths, and Infant Mortality; table 96, annual reports on Marriage and Divorce, 1931 and 1032, except
as noted; Vital Statistics—Special Reports, Vol. 9, No. GO.

9 8 VITAL STATISTICS
No. 97.-— M a r r i a g e s , D i v o r c e s , a n d A n n u l m e n t s , b y S t a t e s : 1931 a n d 1932
N ote.—T bo Bureau of the Census has not collected data since 1932. For estimates for the United States,
1933 to 1937, see table 96
MARRIAGES
DIVORCES
DIVISION AND STATE
Number
Per 1,000
unmarried
population
15 yrs. and
over •
Number
Per 1,000
married
population i
Number of
annulments
1031 1032 1931 1932 1931 1032 1931 1933 1931 1932
Continental TJ. S.......... 1, 060,914 881, 903 30.3 23.3 183, 684 180,338 3.5 3.0 4,339 3,903
tiew England.................... 56,284 46,463 21.6 19.3 7,937 7,626 2.3 2.2 90 08
Maine........................... - 6,234 6,564 27.8 24.8 1,342 1,219 3.9 3.5 ft 17
New Hampshire............ 6,635 5,437 39.6 38.8 660 029 3.3 3.1 10 0
9 554 2,405 24.6 23.1 325 365 2.1 2.4 2
Massachusetts________ 26,206 22,817 19.0 10.4 3,586 3,543 2.0 2.0 00 66
4 535 4 nsn 21. 6 18.8 674 730 2.4 2.6
Connecticut_________ l6; 030 9,160 20.6 18.7 1,351 1,140 2.0 1.6 15 14
Middle Atlantic____ ____ 200,300 183,590 25.4 23.1 16,484 13,437 1.4 1.2 1,192 1,141
Now York___ _______ 114,322 104,C65 28.9 26.2 5,091 4,886 .9 .9 1,019 1,025
New Jersey...................- 20,458 22,840 22.3 19.1 3,152 2,736 1,7 1.5 89 75
Pennsylvania............ 59,826 56,086 21.9 20.4 7,241 5,815 1.8 1.4 54 41
East North Central............. 106,050 173,443 27.8 24,4 48,551 39,420 4.1 3.4 608 377
O hio-............................. 43,004 29, 663 23. 6 10.2 13,312 11, 170 4.4 3.7 82 58
Indiana........................... 2 38,372 236,105 45.2 42.4 7,278 6,322 4.8 4.2 84 76
Illinois............................ 71, 034 05,088 31.9 28.7 13,893 11,745 4.0 3.4 204 131
Michigan........................ 28,850 28, 552 22.5 22.0 9,425 7,821 4.3 3.5 76 64
Wisconsin....................... 14,784 14,035 17.5 16.5 2,643 2,356 2.1 1.0 62 48
West Worth Central........... 107,3ST 69,950 28.7 20.7 22, 531 19,443 8.9 3.4 172 162
Minnesota............... -- . 19, 207 17, 346 24.5 22.0 2,807 2,473 2.7 2.4 23 11
Ioivn................................ 14,190 8,014 20.8 11.7 4,117 3,353 3.8 3.1 27 21
Missouri......................... 33,971 35,158 33.7 34.7 8,994 7,887 5.4 4.7 44 52
North D akota............. 3,633 3, 600 18.4 18.3 487 370 1.9 1.5 10 8
South Dakota............... 6,995 7,185 36.4 37.4 753 602 2.7 2.4 12 4
Nebraska......................- 11,030 il, 757 20.3 31.2 1,531 1,454 2.6 2.4 29 46
Kansas ....... -..........— 18,311 16,800 36.8 33.8 3,842 3,244 4.5 3.8 27 20
South Atlantic__________ 169,853 149,009 38.4 35.9 14,573 12,397 2.8 1.9 203 328
Delaware __________ 1,013 902 14.7 13.1 1.81 176 1.7 1.7 8 ft
Maryland..................... 21,703 22,779 51.8 47.8 2,014 1,714 2.9 2.4 20 13
Dist. of Columbia.......... 5,310 4,947 31.3 29.1 215 140 1.0 .6 4 48
Virginia.......................... 25,295 24,626 38.7 37.7 3,130 2,613 3.3 2.7 34 10
West Virginia................. 18,173 18,480 43.9 44.3 1,599 1,201 2.3 1.7 43 35
North Carolina.............. 13,130 11, 614 16.5 14,5 1, 525 1,311 1.3 1.1 16 10
513 60.1 58.1 19 20
Georgia........................... 28j 483 25, 747 37.7 34.1 2,346 2,153 2.1 1.9 33 38
Florida................... , ...... 17,336 15,301 44.8 30.0 3,563 3,089 5.3 4.6 26 24
East South Central............. 101,480 97,530 41.5 89. B 14,093 12,254 8.5 3.0 46 31
Kentucky...................... 34,250 31,689 53.8 49.6 4,472 3,985 4.1 3.6 22 18
Tennessee...................... 10,696 18,051 29.7 27.1 4,069 4,191 4.3 3.8 13 8
Alabama....... ................. 25,945 26,102 39.6 38.1 2,942 2,166 2.8 2.0 7 a
Mississippi..................... 21, 589 22,688 44.7 46.7 2,015 1,912 2.4 2.3 4 6
West South Central............ 119,110 118,933 39.1 38.8 27,766 25,477 5.4 4.9 289 297
Arkansas......................... 24,637 25,802 50.8 59.6 3,476 3,010 4.4 5.0 8 14
Louisiana....................... 20,167 19,127 36.5 84.4 1,601 1,404 1.9 1.6 17 19
Oklahoma...................... 33, 923 33, 935 60.5 60.1 6,901 5,991 6.6 5.7 143 127
Texas.............................. 40, 483 40,069 27.0 26.5 15,788 14,172 6.3 5.6 121 137
Mountain........................... 47,844 43,204 48.1 43.3 13,223 11,050 8.5 7.1 m 212
M ontana...................... 5,062 4,970

4. IM M IGRATION, EMIGRATION, AND NATURALIZATION
Ge n e r a l N o t e .—In compiling immigration and emigration statistics, Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Itieo,
beginning w ith 1904,1901, and 1902, respectively, have been treated as integral parts of the United States,
In prior years th e transfer of population between these areas and the United States was treated as immigration
and emigration. The movement of population between the Philippine Islands and the United
States was treated as immigration and emigration prior to July 1, 1898, and has been so treated since
May 1,1934, b u t was not accounted for in the statistics for the period between those dates
N o. 9 8 .— I m m ig r a t io n : 1821 to 1939
Note.—F or 1821 to 1867 the figures represent alien passengers arriving; for 1868 to 1903, immigrants arriving;
for 1001 to 1900, aliens adm itted; for 1907 to date, immigrant aliens admitted. Bata are for fiscal yearB
ended Ju n o 30 except as noted; for periods they are totals, not annual averages
p e r i o d o n
Y E A H
1 8 2 1 -1 8 3 0 i __.
1 8 3 1 - 1 8 4 0 1 . , .
1 8 4 1 - 1 8 6 0 * . . .
1 8 5 1 -1 8 6 0
1 8 8 1 -1 8 7 0 i . . . .
1 8 7 1 - 1 8 8 0 .............
1 8 8 1 - 1 8 0 0 .............
1 8 9 1 -1 9 0 0 .............
1 8 0 1 -1 9 1 0 ______
1 9 1 1 -1 9 2 0 .............
1 9 2 1 - 1 0 3 0 ______
1 9 0 0 - 1 9 0 4 _____
1 0 0 5 - 1 0 0 9 ______
1 9 1 0 - 1 0 1 4 .............
1 9 1 5 - 1 9 1 0 .............
1 0 2 0 - 1 9 2 4 .............
1 9 2 5 - 1 9 2 9 .............
1 0 3 0 - 1 0 3 4 .............
1 0 3 ,5 -1 0 3 9 _____
N um ber
1 4 3 , 430
6 9 0 , 125
1 , 7 1 3 , 251
2 , 6 0 8 , 2 1 4
2 , 3 1 4 , 8 2 4
2 , 8 1 2 , 1 0 1
6 , 2 4 6 , 0 1 3
3 , 0 8 7 , 6 6 4
8 , 7 9 6 , 3 8 6
5 , 7 3 5 , 8 1 1
4 , 1 0 7 , 2 0 9
3 , 2 5 5 , 1 4 9
4 , 9 4 7 , 2 3 9
5 , 1 7 4 , 701
1 , 1 7 2 , 679
2 , 7 7 4 , COO
1 , 5 2 0 , 9 1 0
4 2 6 , 9 5 3
2 7 2 , 422
L870............................ 1 0 9 , 9 8 0
1877............................ 1 4 1 , 8 5 7
PERIOD OR YEAR
E N D E D —
YEAR
Number
1878................ 138,469
1879................ 177,826
1880................ 457, 267
1881................ 669,431
1882................ 788,002
1883................ 603,322
1884................ 518; 592
1885................. 396,346
1886................ 334,203
1887_............. 400,109
1888.............- 546,889
1889................ 444,427
1890................ 450, 302
1891................ 560, 310
1892................ 570, SO8
1893................ 439, 730
1894................ 285,631
1896................ 258, 538
1896................ 343J67
1807....... ........ 230,832
1898................ 229,290
1899................ 811, 715
YEAR N u m b e r YEAR N u m b e r
1900................. 448,572 1929 _______ 309,556
1901................. 487,918 1923 -
522,919
1002................. 048,743 1924 ................ 700, S96
1B03................... 857,046 1925 ........... , . 294, H U
1904................... 812,870 1926--------------- 304,488
IflOfi 1,020,499 1027 335,175
1906.................. 1,100,735 1928............. 307,255
1907..................
1908
1909 ................
1,285,349
782,870
761,786
1929............. ..
1930...............
1931...................
279,678
241,700
97,139
ffllO 1,041,570 1932 ............. 35,576
1911............... .. 878, 587 1033.................... 23,068
1912 ................ 838,172 1934.................... 29,470
1913............... .. 1, 197,892 1935.................... 34,950
1914 .............. 1, 218, 480 1930................... 36,329
1915 ................ 326,700 1937.____ 50,241
1938 . 67,
1 9 1 6 .................. 298,826 1939 .......................... 82,998
1017 . 295, 403 Calendar
1018 . 110,018 y ears:
1919 ................ 141,132 1937................... 62,613
1920 ................ 430,001 1938........... — . 76, 082
1921................... 805,228 1939................... 73,564
*Calendar years.
i Oot. 1,1820, to Sept. 30, 1830.
1 Oct. 1,1830, to Bee. 31,1840. *Jan. 1,1861, to June 30,1870.
N o . 9 9 . — A l i e n s A d m i t t e d a n d D e p a r t e d : 1910 t o 1939
ADMITTED
Immigrant
Nonimmigrant
Total
DEPARTED
Emigrant Nonemigrant
Total
EXCESS OF ADMIS­
SIONS OVER DE­
PARTURES 1
Immigrant
over emigrant
June 30:
1010-1014, total. 5,174,701 901,099 6,075,800 1,442,892 1,316,762 2,769,654 3.731,809 3,316,146
1916-1819,total. 1,172,679 440,004 1.012,743 618,223 502.636 1,180,859 554,456 431,834
1926-1024. total. 2.774,600 810.352 3.584,952 892,984 723.824 1,616,808 1.SS1,616 1.968.144
1025-1020,to tal. 1,620,010 861, 590 2,472,600 389,740 843,861 1,233,007 1,131,164 1,238,893
1930-1034, to tal 426,063 789,443 1.216,396 335,600 930,282 1,271.972 91,263 -65,570
1935-1039, to ta l. 272,422 851,110 1,123,532 153,248 877,691 1,030,939 119,174 92,593
m o .................. 111, 132 95,889 237,021 123,522 92,709 216,231 17,610 20,790
1020.................... 430,091 191,675 621,676 288,315 139,747 428.062 141,686 193,514
1921.................... 805, 228 172,935 978,163 247,718 178,313 426,031 557,610 652.132
1022.................... 300,560 122,949 432,505 198,712 146,072 345,384 110, 844 87,121
1923.................. .. 522,010 150,487 673,406 81,450 119,136 200,586 441,469 472,820
1924.................... 700,896 172,406 879,302 70,789 139,956 210,745 630,107 662.557
1025.................... 201, 314 164.121 468,435 92,728 132,762 225,490 201, 586 232.945
1026___ ____ 304,483 191, 618 406, 106 76,992 150,763 227,755 227,496 268,351
1927.................... 335,176 202,826 638,001 73,366 180.142 253,508 261,809 284.493
1928.................... 307,255 103,376 500,631 77,457 196,899 274,350 229,708 220,275
1929................. 279, Q78 199,649 479,327 69,203 183,295 252,498 210,475 226,829
1030.................... 243.700 204.514 446.214 50,601 221. 764 272,425 191, 039 173,789
1031.................... 07,130 183,540 280,679 61,882 220,034 290,916 35,257 -10,237
1932........ ........... 35, 676 130, 295 174,871 103,295 184,362 287,657 -67,719 -112,786
1033.................... 23,068 127, 660 150,728 80,081 163,721 243,802 -57,013 -03,074
1934.................... 29, 470 134.434 163,904 39, 771 137, 401 177,172 -10,301 -13,268
1935__________ 34, 056 144,765 179,721 38,83d 150,216 189,050 -3,878 -9,329
1936--................ 30, 329 154, 570 190,899 35,817 157,467 193,284 512 —2,385
1937.................... 60,244 181,640 231,884 26,730 197,846 221,582 23, 508 7,302
1938.................... 67,895 184,802 262,687 25, 210 107,404 222,614 42,685 30,083
1930.................... 82,008 185, 333 268,331 26,651 174,758 201,409 56,347 66,022
Dec. 31:
1938................... 76,082 171,169 247,261 25,036 182,704 207,740 51,046 39,511
1039-................. 73,564 185,388 258,952 26,350 181, 367 207,717 47,214 51,235
> Excess of departures indicated by a minus sign.
Source of tables 98 and 99: Department of Labor, Immigration and Naturalization Service; Annual Report
of Secretary, mimeographed releases, and records.
69
Total

100 IMMIGRATION, EMIGRATION, AND NATURALIZATION
N o . 1 0 0 .— A l ie n s D e b a r r e d a n d D e p o r t e d : 1900 t o 1939
PERIOD OR TEAR
ENDED JU N E 30
1900-1904, total.
1905-1909, total.
1910-1914, total.
1916-1919, total.
1920-1994, total.
1025-1920, total.
1930-1934, total.
1935-1930, total.
1928_________
1927...............
1928...................
Debarred
year ended
JUNE 30
Debarred Deported
Deported
Deportable
Indigent
aliens
aliens returned
at
voluntarily
departed
their request
20,499 2,510 1920......................... 18,127 12,908 25,888
58,688 6,709 1930......................... 8,233 16' 631 11)387
115,655 16,010 1931......................... 9,744 18,142 11,719 541
74,929 11,835 1032......................... 7, 004 19,420 10, 776 2,637
90, 208 21, 694 1933........................ 5, 527 19,866 10, 347 1,645
102, 601 56, 594 1934......................... 5, 384 8,879 8,010 446
35, 052 82,043 1935......................... 5, 558 8,319 7,978 114
36,198 43,820 1930......................... 7,000 9,195 8,251 180
20,550 10,904 1937....... .................. 8,076 8,829 8,788 140
19, 755 11,662 1938...,.................. 8,066 9,275 9,278 ■1,070
18,839 11,625 1939..............__........ 0,498 8,202 9,590 • 1,825
1 Does not include ir>7 Filipinos returned at their own request In 1936, 680 in 1937, 602 in 1938, and 302 in
1039.
N o . 1 0 1 .— I m m ig r a n t A l ie n s A d m it t e d , b y S e x , A g e , O c c u p a t io n , I l l it e r ­
a c y , a n d A m o u n t o f M o n ey B r o u g h t ; E m ig r a n t A l i e n s D e p a r t e d , b y
S e x , A g e , a n d O c c u p a t io n : Y e a r s E n d e d J u n e 30, 1920 t o 1939 1
1926-1924,
total
1925-1920*
total
1930-
1934,
total
1935-
1939,
total
1937 1938 1939
Admissions, to tal.____________ 2,774,600 1, 520,910 426,983 272,422 50,244 67,896 82, 998
Males................... ................... i, 577, m 836, 001 192,884 110,832 21, 604 29, 959 30, 423
Females........................................ 1,197,104 084,819 234,069 152,500 28,580 37, 936 43, 575
Males per 1,000 females.............. 1,318 1, 221 824 785 768 790 905
Under 16 years - ........................ 516,293 247,373 74,398 44,520 8,326 10,181 12, 204
16 to 14 years.............................. 2,003,460 1,135,903 301,084 181,158 33,007 47,068 54,235
45 years and over........................ 254, 841 137,634 51,471 46,735 8,011 10, 046 16, 559
Illiterates, number i................... 75, 231 20, 556 8,180 5,786 1,278 1,317 1,002
Percent.................................. 2.7 1.4 1.9 2.1 2.6 1.9 1.2
Reporting occupations—
Professional.............................. 79,309 58,053 20,068 21,715 4,162 5,463 7,225
Skilled....................................... 510,236 280,107 67,507 32,567 6,007 8,607 10, 231
Unskilled_________________ 954,418 505,119 97,980 33,846 6,400 10,509 9,137
Farmers______ __________ 74,973 51,001 12,238 4,674 852 1,508 1,186
Farm laborers....................... 111,583 101,120 17,779 2,134 378 609 415
Common laborers________ 400,575 194,587 24,025 8,196 1,740 2,208 1,855
Servants.............................. 288,100 149,447 41,400 17,914 3,213 5,919 6,420
Other unskilled.................... 13,178 8,964 2,638 928 217 265 261
Commercial ....... ......... .......... 59,924 27,535 10,723 23,027 3,655 5,813 10,268
Miscellaneous...................... 95,895 50,198 11,440 6,506 1,223 1,491 1,663
Bringing—
Less than $50............................ 954, 147 549,474 112,955 69,997 14,321 17, 847 17,542
$60 or more ......................... 822,386 598,087 218,644 130,917 22,485 33,205 43,705
Amount brought ($1,000)____ 171,467 111, 743 46.016 59,437 8,993 14,783 24,854
Departures, total______________ 892,984 389,746 335,690 153,248 26,786 25,210 26,651
Males................................._ ...... 682,170 278,700 216,014 94,612 16,434 15,427 16, 600
Females........................... ........... 210,814 111, 037 119,076 58,636 10,302 9, 703 10,051
Males por 1,000 females.............. 3,236 2, 610 1,819 1, 614 1,595 1, 574 1,652
Under 16 years............................ 39,280 18,493 26,118 10.087 1,927 1, 609 1,381
16 to 44 years................. ............. 635,980 285, 080 226,108 94,890 16,069 15,048 16,047
45 years and over................. ....... 217, 724 85,573 83,464 48,271 8,740 8, 553 0, 223
Reporting occupations—
Professional.. .................... 14,057 13, 001 12,426 8, 502 1,426 1, 502 1,709
Skilled...................................... 75,550 47,652 47,073 18,773 3,211 3,220 3,508
Unskilled.................................. 551,908 104,158 131,976 55,943 9,620 8,918 9,558
Farmers......................... ....... 30,083 7, n o 7,463 3,573 680 525 683
Farm laborers....................... 8,719 975 3, 840 4,326 558 1,058 841
Common laborers..............._ 489,256 164, 040 08,857 36,627 6,243 5,548 6,388
Servants................................ 22, 692 20, 500 21,114 10,881 2,046 1,700 1, 528
Other unskilled............. ....... 1,158 855 702 536 99 87 118
Commercial .......................... 21,799 13, 453 11,687 7,244 1,322 1,121 1,180
Miscellaneous..................... ..... 23,486 14,021 12,207 3,958 040 550 608
1Unable to read or write in any language.
8 Agents, bankers, hotel keepers, manufacturers, and merchants and dealers.
Source of tables J00 and 101: Department of L a b o r , Immigration and Naturalization Service; Annual
Report of Secretary, mimeographed releases, and records.

IMMIGRATION
101
m ^ - T ' ^ ? U M I 3 T T I O N ’ BT GoTTN °* ° KtGIN- b y D e c a d e s: 1841 t o 1930
for iW to 1000, aliens7a i S i U e d ^ t X
immigrants arriving;
trios whence alions came; thereafter countries o K nil’ Data prior to 1000 cover connlists
of countries separately reported SnTio etmnaes i n E S W W 0wlng t0 tor
c o u n t r y
Grand total...
Total Europe.........
A u stria..............
H u n g a ry ............. .
Belgium............ .
Bulgarin *...........
Czechoslovakia.
Denmark..
F inland...
Frnnce..:..
Germany..
Greece......
Italy............. .
Netherlands..
Norway........
Sweden_____
Poland *.........
Portugal...............
Rumania..............
S o v ie t U n io n
(Russia)............
Spain....................
Switzerland..........
Turkoy in Europe.
United Kingdom.
England.......
Ireland..........
Scotland.......
Wales...........
Not specified.
Yugoslavia......... .
Other Europe___
T otal Aaia
China 6________
Japan4.................
Turkey in Asia A
Other Asia4.......
T otal A m e ric a 7___ _
Canada and Newfoundland
7.......
Mexico7..............
Central America8.
South America A
West Indies4___
Other America...
A frica4...........„........
A u s tr a l i a , Tasmania,
and New
Zealand................
Pacific Islands (not
specified)..............
All other countries..
18Umo
1851- 1801- 1871- 1881- 1891- 1801-
18101
1911- 1921-
1880 1890 1900 1810 1020 1930
1,718,251 2, 598,214 2,314,824 2,812,191 5,246,613 3,687,564 ,8, 795, 386 5,735,811 4, 107,209
1, 597,601 2,462,660 27085,270
2,272, 262 4,737,048 3, 558, 978 8,136,016 4, 378,584 2,477,853
5,074
639
77, 262
434,626
10
1, 870
8, 251
13,903
105
550
651
2,209
4, 644
79
35
47
62,468
41, 723
3, 271
308
3,579
13,52 8
53,144
;, 738
3,749
76,358
951,667
31
9, 231
10,789
20, 931
1,164
1,055
457
9,298
25,011
83
41,456
41,397
58
74,720
59, 309
3,078
449
1,224
10,060
210
29,169
7,800
6,734
17,094
35,986
787,468
72
11,725
9,102
71,631
37,007
2,027
2,658
2, 512
6, 697
23, 286
129
8
64,090
64,301
186
2
141
166,607
153,878
2,191
95
1,397
9,046
312
17,969
72,969
7,221
31,771
72,206
718,182
210
55,759
16, 541
95,323
115,022
12,970
14,082
11
39, 284
5,266
28, 293
337
, 047, 703 1, 338,093 1,042,674 984,914 1,462,839
32, 092 247,126 222, 277 437, 706 644,680
780, 719 914,119 435, 778 436,871 655, 482
3, 712 38, 331 38, 769 87, 564 149, 869
1, 201 6, 319 4, 313 6,631 12,640
229,979 132,199 341,537 16,142 168
1,001
123,623
123, 201
149
67
406
404,044
383,640
5,162
157
1,128
13,957
358
1,028
790
353,719
20,177
88,132
50,464
452,970
2,308
307,309
53,701
176, 586
301, 776
51,806
16,978
6,348
213, 282
4,419
81,988
1, 562
682
68,380
61,711
2,270
2,220
2,179
426,987
393,304
1,913
404
2,304
29,042
857
7,017
5,557
789
592,707 2,145, 206
/ 453,649
1 442,693
18,107 41,635 33, 746
160 39,280 22,533
3,426
50, 231
30, 770
505,152
15, 979
651,893 2, 015, 877 1, 109,524
26,758 48,262 43,718
95,015 190, 505 06,395
226, 266 249, 534 95,074
96,720
4,813
27, 508
12, 750
505,290
8, 731
31,179
3,628
659, 954
216, 726
388,416
44,188
10,557
67
122
71,236
14,799
25,942
26, 799
3,696
38,972
3,311
971
549
1,075
33,066
350
2,740
1,225
14,063
05, 285
73,379
341,498
167, 519
69,149
53,008
1, 597,306
27,935
34,922
79,976
865, 015
388,017
339,005
120, 469
17, 464
665
243,567
20,605
129, 797
77,393
15,772
361.888 1,143,671 1,616,716
179,226
49,642
8,192
17,280
107, 548
7,368
11,975
1,049
«33,523
41,983
756
61,897
143, 945
184, 201
89,732
13,311
921,201
68, 611
23,091
54,677
487,589
249,044
146,181
78,357
13,107
1,888
8, 111
192,559
21, 278
83,837
79,389
8,055
742,186
219, 001
17,159
41,899
123, 424
8,443
12,348
1,079
1,147
32,808
30,680
15,848
2,945
102,194
32,430
16,091
49,610
412,202
51,084
455,315
26,948
68,531
97,249
227,734
29,994
67,646
61,742
28,958
29,070
14,659
*550,804
157,420
220, 591
159,781
13,012
49,064
22,983
97,400
29,907
33,462
19,165
14,866
924,515
459,287
15,769
42,216
74,899
31
1Jan; J, 1861, to Juno 30, 1870. i Includes Serbia and Montenegro prior to 1920.
1 From 1899 to 1919 Poland is included with Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Russia.

5. EDUCATION
No. 113.— S c h o o ls , P u b l i c E l e m e n t a r y a n d S e c o n d a r y — S u m m a ry r o b
C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1870 to 1938
1870 1880 1890 1900 1910
Total population......................................
Population 5-17 years, in c lu s iv e ,___
Percent of to tal population......... .......
P upil 5enrolled in public schools.—
Percent of total population.................
Percent of population 5-17, inel____
Average dally attendance.......................
Percent of pupils enrolled................
Average num ber of days schools in
session............. .........................................
Average num ber of days attended per
enrolled p u p il. ..................................
N um ber ofteaohors................................
M ale................... .................................
Fem ale.................................................
Percent male teachers..............................
Salaries: Teachers, supervisors, and
principals (thousands of dollars)___
Average annual salary per teacher___
T otal expenditure lor education
(thousands of dollars) >....................
Per capita of to tal population............
Per capita of population 5-17, inclusive........................................................
Per pupil enrolled.................................
P er pupil in average attendance___
138,558,371
112,055,443
31.3
0,871,522
17.82
57.00
4,077,347
59.3
132.2
78.4
200, 515
77,529
122.080
38.7
37,833
$189
63,897
$1.64
$5.26
$9.23
$15.55
i 50,156,783
>15,065,767
30.0
9,867,395
19.67
65.60
6,144,143
62.3
130.3
81.1
286,593
122,795
163,798
42.8
65,943
$195
78,096
$1. 66
$5.18
$7.91
$12. 71
i * 02,622,250
‘ * 18,543,201
29.6
12,722,631
20.32
68.61
8,153,635
64.1
134.7
86.3
363,922
125, 525
238,307
34.5
91, 830
$252
140,507
$2.24
$7.68
$11. 04
$17. 23
>> 75,602,515
>«21,404,322
28.3
15,603, n o
20.51
72.43
10,632,772
68.6
144.3
99.0
423,002
126, 588
200,474
29.0
137,088
$325
214,065
$2.84
$10.04
$13.87
$20.22
191,972,260
■24,239,948
20.4
17,813,862
19.37
73.49
12,827,307
72.0
167.6
113.0
623,210
110,481
412,729
21.1
268,916
$486
428, 260
$4.63
$17.68
$23.93
$33.23
1920 1930 1934 1936 1938
T otal population....................................... >105,710,620 1 122,774,040 *126.620.000 4 128,429,000 4 130,216,000
Population 5-17 yoars, Inclusive........... >27,728,788 I 31,571,322 431,618,000 4 31,547,000 * 30,789,000
Percent of total population________ 26.2 25.7 25.0 24.6 23.0
Pupils eurollod in public schools_____ 21,578,310 25,078,016 20,434,193 26,307,098 25,975,108
Percont of total population................ 20.4 20.9 20.9 20.6 19.9
Percent of population 5-17, tncl____ 77.8 81.3 83.6 83.6 84.4
Avorage daily attendance....................... 16,150,035 21,264,880 22,458,190 22,298,767 22,298,200
Percent of pupils enrolled................ 74.8 82.8 85.0 84.6 86.8
Average num ber of days schools in
161.9 172.7 171.6 173.0 173.9
Average num ber of days attended per
121.2 143.0 145.8 146.3 149.3
679,533
95,666
583,867
14.1
854,263
141,771
712,492
16.0
847,120
161,949
685,171
19.1
870,903 877,266
179,073 186,103
691,890 692,163
20.6 21.1
Salaries: Teachers, supervisors, and
principals (thousands of dollars)___ 590,120 1, 250, 427 1, 067, 042 1,146, 460 1,202,392
Avorage annual salary per te a ch e r8- . $871 $1,420 $1, 227 $1, 283 $1, 374
T o tal expenditure (or education
1,036,151
$9.80
2,316,790
$18.87
1,720,105
$13.58
1,968,898
$15.33
2,233,110
$17.16
Per capita of population 5-17, In-
$37.37 $73.88 $54.40 $62.41 $72.53
Per pupil in average a tte n d a n c e ...
$48.02 7 $89.84 ’ $04.70 »$74.38 7 $85.58
$04.16 7 $108. 49 7 $76. 22 7 $87.95 7 $99.70
*Census enumeration as of Juno 1,1870 to 1900; Apr. 15,1910; Jan. 1, 1920; Apr. 1,1930.
* Excluding population of Indian Territory which is not covered by public-school statistics, and also,
for 1890, population of Indian reservations. These were not enumerated at censuses prior to 1890.
5 Current expense, capital outlays, and interest.
4 Census estimates for July 1. See table 14, p. 11.
* Estimated by Seripps Foundation.
8 Based on total number of teaehors, supervisors, and principals.
7 Not including data for night, summer, part-time, and continuation schools separately reported.
Source (except for population statistics and estimates): Federal Security Agoney, Office of Education;
Biennial Survey of Education, chapter on Statistical Summary of Education.
108

EDUCATION 109
N o . 1 1 4 . — S c h o o l s , E l e m e n t a r y a n d S e c o n d a r y , P u b l i c a n d P r i v a t e —
E n r o l l m e n t a n d A t t e n d a n c e , b y S t a t e s a n d O u t l y i n g A r e a s : 1920 t o 1938
OUTLYING AKEA
PUBLIC ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS
PRIVATE AND PAliOCIlIAL
SCHOOLS, e x c l u d in g k in -
DEUGAUTENS
Pupils enrolled i
Average days attendance
per year
per pupil enrolled
Pupils enrolled
mo 1930 1938 mo 1930 ms 1920 1936 1038
Continental U . S_ 21, 678, 316 25, 678,01526,975,108 121.2 143.0 149.3 1,699,481 2.838,7752,687,483
How England______ 1,242.221 1,492,320 1.467,883 145.9 160.0 101.6 203,034 341,345 345, 536
M a in e....................... 137,681 154,455 164,016 142.4 160.0 102.1 16,093 29,726 30,282
N o w Hampshire__ 64,206 74,240 70,390 144.3 159.0 156.1 24,209 31,473 29,484
V erm ont........ ......... 61,785 65,976 67,931 131.6 151.2 159.3 7,770 11,502 11,515
M assachusetts......... 623,586 759,492 744.871 140.6 163.1 161.7 120,268 172,821 175,386
R h ode Island........ 93,501 118,704 119,159 142.9 151.6 158.3 23,662 32,303 34,573
C onnecticut............ 261,463 310,453 295,516 144.1 157.9 164.3 62,027 63,430 64,29G
M iddle Atlantic........ 3,926,080 4,870,924 4,999,827 145.2 159.3 158.6 401,596 819,200 841,206
N ew York............... 1,719,841 2,141,479 2.308,456 148.8 163.4 150.4 238,47S 393.251 « 377
N ew Jersey.............. 694,78C 792,012 740,383 151.3 167.7 104.0 40,124 125,167 127,266
Pennsylvania.......... 1,610,469 1,937,433 1,944,088 139.0 156.4 159.2 122,994 300,774 315, 563
East North Central___ 3,871,428 4,875. 526 4. 742,811 134.9 159.2 162.1 534,830 747, 615 745,973
O hio.......................... 1,020,663 1,277,630 1,251,006 130.7 m e 106.3 107,828 178,132 172,302
In d ian a.................... 566,288 667,379 689,657 125.8 155.1 152.6 20,27fi 60, 97a 60,985
Illin o is..................... 1,127,560 1,395,907 1,281,854 144.fi 162.5 162.2 241,731 253,595 252,504
M ichigan................. 691,674 070,682 959,827 120. e 161.5 103. C 82,24J 130,80< 143,099
W isconsin.............. 465,243 564,022 500,40E 138.9 (60.3 162.9 76,741 115,055 117,044
West Worth Central__ 2,724, 640 2,863,762 2,731,157 127.4 148.9 151.1 180,183 205,906 269,416
M innesota............... 503, 597 551,741 530,792 125.5 149.1 150.4 45,374 63,43( 65,232
Iow a- ..................... 514,521 554,655 519,15C 137.2 147.4 152.1 31,191 50,116 53,879
M issouri.................. 672,483 650,073 705,612 128.6 158.6 152.3 54,32C 76,041 78,192
N o rth Dakota......... 168,283 109,277 146,511 127.4 145.5 154.3 6,288 10,084 10,042
S outh Dakota......... 146,955 165,624 142,514 112.4 149.4 138.7 4,35*2 10,532 11,009
N ebraska............. IT 311,821 325,216 280, 91C 122.3 m o 154.0 23,927 26,23( 24,558
K ansas.................... 406,880 431,166 396,602 124.8 143.7 149.9 20.720 28,870 26,504
South Atlantic............. 3.282,217 3.765.278 3,952,147 98.3 125.3 142.4 118, 111 126,773 129, 983
'Delaware................. 38,483 42,360 44,992 129.2 150.6 159.6 5,405 7,727 7,048
M aryland................ 241,618 277,459 293,686 130.3 168.0 163.4 27,285 54, m 55,8S9
D ist, of Columbia.. 65,296 80,965 100,072 143.8 146.5 140.9 12,057 14, Q3fi 11, 791
V irginia................. 605,190 502,950 583,556 102.2 131.fi 146.0 12,914 12,18C 12,267
W est Virginia____ 346,256 396,505 443,789 102.8 146.6 156.6 4,82C 8,5 Tc 8,655
N o rth Carolina----- 691,249 866,939 881,874 91.8 110.7 143.2 25,39S 6,952 6J95
S outh Carolina___ 478,045 469,37C 488,749 76.0 109.1 127.7 9,34C 5,312 5,097
Georgia.................... 690,918 713,290 730,894 98.6 111.7 130.9 14,03C 9,10C 8, 820
F lo rid a .................. 225,160 340,434 383,935 98.0 119.0 139.3 6,802 6,937 9, 118
East South Central,__ 2, 137,794 2,434, 6382,616,927 84.3 114.7 122.9 69,425 74,481 80,410
K entucky................ a 536,332 688,354 618.318 78.7 121.4 124.1 18,578 41,706 43,501
Teunessoe.............. 819,862 627,747 637,020 08.5 125.3 134.9 23,762 11,435 12,322
A labam a.................. 569,94(1 022,988 670,481 70.4 114.0 122.0 18,598 13,666 M, 707
Mississippi.............. a 412,670 695,449 590,208 76.9 97.7 109.7 8,487 7,674 9, 730
W est South CentraL— 2.402,181 2, 881,420 2,920,281 103.4 118.1 135.4 66.171 12L 293 120.447
Arkansas............ —- 483,172 456,185 465,272 85.2 108.3 121.2 2.0S6 6,732 7,320
Louisiana___ _____ 354,079 434,557 460,946 107.7 121.5 141.8 26,647 60,66C 00.800
Oklahoma.............., 689,282 682,650 038,602 100.5 119.4 135.5 8,772 8,565 9.357
T exas....................... 1,035,648 1,308,028 1,355,401 112.0 126.4 137.9 17,766 48,336 48,904
M ountain__________ 794, 536 898,248 915, 213 120.3 140.6 147.7 26,639 39, 7401 44,182
M ontana............ — 120,576 120,337 110,403 120.7 151.0 156.7 3,735 8,073 8,046
Id ah o______ _____ 115,192 120,947 121,411 120.9 132.4 150.8 3,000 3,241 2i 849
W yoming................ 43,112 54,505 56.070 117.4 141.3 147.3 1,051 1,937 2,067
Colorado................ - 220,232 240,482 227, 237 114.4 142.8 150.3 3,85*1 13,006 IS, 102
N ew Mexico______ 81,398 102,084 129,877 120.5 128.5 137.8 4,178 7,324 10,669
Arizona__ -______ 76,505 103,806 110,050 98.6 128.1 130.8 3,185 4,475 3,880
U ta h ........................ 117,40G 138,046 138,907 138.5 150.7 156.0 6,218 1,366 1,388
N evada___ ____ 14,114 18,041 20,352 125.8 148.5 147.2 SIS 258 281
1,138,319 1,61$, 009 1,728,862 124.6 148.7 162.2 43,992 100,422 104,930
W ashington______ 201,053 344, 731 339,977 128.1 145.0 149.4 8,450 18,499 18,486
Oregon..................__ 161,02E 2D2, 595 183,861 137.5 140. J 151.7 6,051 12,79! 11.040
California.............__ 696,238 1,068,683 1,105,024 120.2 151.6 153.1 29,491 69, 132 75.404
3,360 5,071 0,428 132.3 148.7 141.6 728 752
1,952 %647 154. f> 500 480
3,486 7j003 6i ICO 114.2 180.0 107.2
3,683 1,604 194.7 179. 6 145 277
H aw aii........................ 41,350 71, 657 88,886 168.3 161.6 172.9 7, 573 14,441 10, 432
936,678 1 121,233 1,492,002 156.0 172.8 170.0 30, 534 96,279
Puerto’ Rico................ 180,458 221,248 202,200 145.7 167.1 m.s 5,823 0,100 JD, 887
3, 061 3,400 169.3 33 1, 377
' Includes kindergarten; excludes elementnry pupils In college training schools.
J For 1919.
3White schools.
Source; Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Survey of Education, chapter on Statistics
of State School Systems.

n o
EDUCATION
No. 115.— T u a c h ebs i n P u b l ic E l e m e n t a b y a n d S e c o n d a b y S chools—
N u m b e b s and S a l a b ieb, b y S t a tes a n d O u t l y in g A b b a s : 1920 to 1938
NUMBER OF TEACHERS I
SALARIES OF TEACHERS, SUPERVISORS,
Per-
AND PRINCIPALS
DIVISION, STATE, OR
teach-
O U T L Y IN G AREA
Total, Average annual salary
1920 1930 1936 1938 1938
(dollars)
male, (1,000
1938 dollars) 1920 1930 1936 1938
Continental V. S. 3879, 533 854, 263 870,903 877, 266 21.1 1, 262,392 3871 1, 420 1,283 1,374
New England....... 43, 480 52, 642 52,394 50, 382 16.2 90, 985 1.064 1,636 1. 592 1, 727
Maine................... 7,020 (1,547 6, 489 6,202 17.0 5,334 603 942 798 SCO
New Hampshire.. 3,047 3,051 2,976 2,855 19.6 3,719 759 1,254 1,207 1,258
Vermont............... 2,902 2,978 2,557 2,574 10.8 2,616 667 963 917 952
Massachusetts___ 319,085 26,229 26,354 25,152 17.2 52,540 21, 262 1,875 1, 834 2,009
Rhode Island....... 2,971 4,026 4,307 4,008 16.8 7,487 1,070 1, 437 I, 604 1, 756
Connecticut.......... «8, 455 9,811 9,711 9,591 13.0 19,289 1,124 1,812 1, 679 1,862
Middle Atlantic........ 123,254 165,475 172.438 173, 716 20.4 386,770 1,133 2.103 2, 010 2,018
New York............ 01, 703 82, 204 87, 307 87, 225 19.0 209,023 1, 256 2,493 2,414 2, 322
New Jersey.......... 17, 440 25, 555 26, 571 26,887 18.1 56,354 1, 282 2,113 1,804 2,006
Pennsylvania....... 44, 111 57, 716 58, 500 59,604 23.4 101,393 92Q 1,620 1,549 1,593
East North Central... 128, 955 165, 838 102. 468 162,483 24.9 267,007 1,010 1, 568 1,411 1, 506
Ohio..................... 33, 751 41, 432 41, 353 42,086 27.5 05.456 1,088 1,665 1, 522 1, 50 G
Indiana................ 17,209 21,847 20,741 21,179 29.2 31, 570 964 1,466 1,294 1, 375
Illinois.................. 36,590 47,766 47,677 45,438 23.3 77,297 1,081 1,630 1, 300 1, 008
Michigan.............. 24,302 34,552 31,788 32,283 22.5 53,167 911 1, 534 1, 499 1, 586
Wisconsin......... 17,094 20, 239 20, 899 21,497 22.8 29,517 915 1,399 1,280 1,307
West North Central.. 117, 051 122, 294 118, 660 118, 988 18.9 118,673 797 1,134 911 972
Minnesota............ 19, 575 22,169 21,190 21, 242 16.8 25,603 882 1,251 1,120 1,185
Iowa..................... 27, flfiO 24, 585 24, 387 24, 319 16.4 23,113 827 1,094 875 932
Missouri............... 21,12G 24,200 24, 860 25,898 24.2 29,364 797 1, 235 1,048 1,134
North Dakota___ 8, 975 8,85C 8, 334 8,110 2L5 5,566 728 900 648 684
South Dakota....... 7, 853 8,943 8, 570 8,267 22.1 6,233 696 956 711 752
Nebraska............ 14, 873 14,400 13, 989 13,864 14.2 11, 530 705 1,077 772 813
Kansas_________ 16,089 19,141 17,339 17,282 18.2 17,264 761 1,159 855 903
South Atlantic.......... 84,688 112.005 114,376 118,623 17.4 120, 310 580 945 882 973
Delaware.............. 1,134 1,420 1,672 1,629 19.9 2,740 848 1, 570 1, 555 1,623
Maryland............. 6, 675 8,745 8,427 8,565 18.3 14,017 902 1, 518 1,455 1, 504
Dist. of Columbia. 2,090 2,722 2,910 3,003 13.8 7,388 1,359 2,269 2,376 2,339
Virginia................ 14, 271 16,477 16, 586 16,914 14.1 15,383 546 861 810 804
West Virginia....... 11, 221 15,837 15,191 14,883 26.2 18,080 m 1,023 1,091 1,096
North Carolina... 18, 852 23,375 23,144 23,751 15.4 22,428 464 873 735 897
South Carolina__ 9,099 13,398 13,663 14,309 16.8 10,612 464
Georgia.................
788 637 734
15,921 19,071 20,783 22,686 17.4 16,274 426 084 587 715
Florida................. 0,819 10,900 11,999 12,888 16.0 13,388 518 876 905 1,003
East South Central. __ 51,145 65,922 69.394 72,242 23.6 53,465 423
Kentucky.........
804 676 695
13,348 15,323 17,359 17,558 26.5 15,740 *413 890 787 835
Tennessee............. 13,277 18,331 19,847 20,181 25.5 16, 245 494 902
Alabama...............
718 726
12,558 17,130 18,521 18,919 18.6 13, 662 484 792 600 707
Mississippi........... 11,902 15,138 13,667 15, 634 23.8 7,818 * 291 620 571 479
West South Central. 83, 832 80. 837 88.054 91,360 22.9 90,244 643
Arkansas..............
023 826 951
10, 476 12. 990 12, 250 12,738 27.9 7,339 477 073 504 571
Louisiana............. 8, 900 12,173 13, 085 14,001 18.5 13,861 723 941
Oklahoma.............
793 982
15, 380 19,807 19, 570 20,098 26.9 21,057 768 1,072
Texas..................
783 1,027
29, 001 35, G07 43,743 44,523 21.0 47, 987 612 924 941 1,013
Mountain............. __ 30,130 35.336 32, 909 33,719 25.6 43,180 958
Montana............. ~
1,330 1,148 1,220
7, 215 6,422 5,348 5,468
Idaho....................
20.5 6,248 958 1, 215 1,073 1,077
3, 082 4,500 4,496 4,289 32.0 4,880 932
Wyoming............
1, 200 ' 943 1,087
2, 232 2, 751 2,705 2,768 24.3 2,905 809
Colorado...............
1, 239 1,023 1,053
7, 386 9, 744 8,770 9,048 22.4 12,015 929 1, 453
New Mexico____
1,248 1, 294
2, 752 3,400 3.432 3,709 21.2 4, 526 803 1,113
Arizona..........
984 1,090
1,955 3,273 2,832 3,151 25.5 5,164 1,279
Utah.....................
1, 037 1,399 1,535
3, 904 4, 452 4,404 4,429 36.6 6,135 992 1,330
Nevada................
1,177 1,324
704 794 916 857 22.6 1,267 1,103 1, 483 1,521 1,405
Pacific_________ 36, 998 54.110 59,672 55,748 20.8 121,758 1.182 1,949 1,832
Washington....... _I
2,003
9,877 11,140 10,585 10,219 25.4
Oregon................
18,919 1,229 1, 550 1,369 1,740
7,778 0,208 7,017 7,225 18.5 10,010 870
California...........
1, 612 1,154 i; 286
19,343 30,768 42,070 38,304 20.0 92,829 1,272 2,123 1,776 2,201
Alaska 5................... 184 253 297 300 28.0 1,325 1, 002
American Samoa__
26 59 64
Cana) Zone............ 202 175 203 213 49.8 359,366 1,324
Guam......................
1, 541 1,667 1,619
125 171 171 5 1 ,09R
Hawaii..................... 1, 326 2,241 2,686 3,018 19.3 5,481,163 1,181 1,812 1, 640
Philippine Islands..
1, 768
21, 254 20,167 26,260 36,199 43.9
Puerto Rico............. 3,832 4,451 5,083 5,701 24.3 5,125,109 635
Virgin Islands..........
848 755
112
846
103 113 27.4 90,203 572 615 745
nA1^ '^ n eLsJJPerintendonts, principals, and supervisors for States not reporting them separately, but
not lor all States. These numbers are, therefore, somewhat smaller than those on which average annual
saiai salaries les are based. eased.
J Includes 231 part-time teachers 3 Estimated. *For 1919. s White schools.
tisSticsrofSteSchoofSysfem fn°y’ 0* CO°f Educ!'tion; Biennial Survey °£ Education, chapter on Sta-

EDUCATION 111
No. 116.— S c h o o l s , P u b l i c E le m e n t a r y a n d S e c o n d a r y — E x p e n d i t u r e s ,
b y S t a t e s a n d O u t ly in g A r e a s : 1934, 1936, a n d 1938
DIVISION, STATE,
OE OUTLYING
ABEA
TOTAL EXPENDITURES
(THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
PER CAPITA OF TO-
TAL POPULATION
(DOLLARS)
PER CAPITA OF ENROLLMENT (DOLLARS)1
For current
expenses
For outlay
Continental TT. S___
New England____
Maine................
New Hampshire.
Vermont............
Massachusetts..
Rhode Island...
Connecticut___
Middle Atlantic...
New York.........
New Jersey____
Pennsylvania...
East North Central.
Ohio...................
Indiana..............
.Illinois................
Michigan...........
Wisconsin........
West North CentraL
Minnesota____
Iowa.................
M issouri...........
North D akota..
South Dakota...
Nebraska...........
K ansas.............
South Atlantic____
Delaware...........
Maryland........
Dist. of Col........
Virginia...____
West Virginia.. .
North Carolina.
South Carolina .
Georgia............
Florida.............
East South Central-
Kentucky..........
Tennessee..........
Alabama............
Mississippi____
W est South CentraL
Arkansas............
Louisiana...........
Oklahoma..........
Texas.................
Mountain........ ......
Montana............
Idaho...............
Wyoming...........
Colorado........
New Mexico___
Arizona..........
Utah............
Nevada..............
Pacific____ _____
Washington.......
Oregon...............
California...........
Alaska3________
American Samoa..
Canal Zone...........
Guam....................
Hawaii...............
Philippine Islands.
Puerto Rico........
Virgin Islands----- 12
1931 1036 1938 1634 1930 1938 1934 1936 1038 1934 1030 1938
1, 730,105 1,90B, B9B2,233, 110 13. 58 15.33 17.15 62. 52 67. 88 76. 39 2.24 6. 60 9. 20
137, 808 138,055 144,420 15.19 10.16 10, 77 70,64 85.37 92. 98 2. 61 4.64 4.71
8,831 8,490 9,70(1 10.55 9.95 11.29 51.30 SO. 56 55.83 .37 .30 3.20
5,850 0,770 6,851 11. 79 13.33 13.38 73.62 76.56 83.17 1.59 9. 75 6.51
3, 593 4.162 4,930 9.61 10.05 12. 77 53.87 59.18 70.08 .30 1.92 2.50
72,885 78, fllE 78,527 16.85 17.77 17.74 87.06 95.27 100.89 4.07 5. 40 3.49
10,798 11,878 13,586 15.86 17. 44 19.95 85.16 91.30 96.76 1.14 5. 97 16.76
25,851 28, 736 30,826 15.22 16.57 17.63 77.19 85.02 09.84 1.01 3.88 3.79
580,438 573, 771 859,175 19.22 20. 94, 23.01 97.18 102. 67 118.31 2.80 8. 89 14. 81
289,872 327, 503 370,487 22. 58 25.32 28.53 120.75 128. 22 140. 58 3. 57 13.21 18.62
83,888 88,969 96,897 19.75 20.56 22.22 98. 25 102.75 122. 26 2.33 6. 55 6. 73
146, 678 157,299 191,791 14.68 15. 52 18.76 70.08 73.51 85.22 2.11 4. 90 13.39
359, 557 412, 040 480, 932 14,12 18.05 17.98 70.01 78.25 87.19 2.41 6.49 10.40
99,926 115,452 121,822 14.92 17.20 18.03 74. 86 82. 76 86. 00 1.49 6.15 0.80
43,338 49,867 55, 261 12.75 14.42 16.83 60.07 05.10 72.14 1.76 6.8C 7.82
100, 022 121, 508 145,44fl 13.69 15 49 18.37 73.13 82.39 97. 96 3.54 8. 76 15. 01
08, 360 79, 345 92,678 14. 61 16.5S 18.9fi 68.45 78.43 80.70 I. 58 3.92 7. 56
41,311 46, 408 51,725 14. 21 15.98 17.55 66.31 74.11 82.56 4.15 5.86 8.99
177.009 198,107 211, 808 13.07 14, SB 15.28 59.29 64.96 70. 73 2.26 5.08 0.78
39,306 46,128 47,392 15.02 17.51 17.74 68.25 77.80 81. ig 1.92 6. IS 8.09
33,947 38,942 41,497 13,46 15.31 16.20 61.45 67.17 73.84 .54 5.22 6.09
40,895 40, 444 50,379 10.68 10.22 12.52 54.39 53. 56 64. 72 2. 4d 3. 25 6.68
9,501 10,840 10, 326 13.63 15.42 14. 54 57.57 65.86 07.65 1. 5f 4.05 2.82
9, 529 12,738 11,832 14.05 18.41 17.10 58.10 75.49 75.07 1.48 7. AS 7.95
17,163 19,914 19,297 12, 58 14.66 14.15 52.95 CO. 28 03.92 1.23 4. 3S 2.63
27, 208 29,161 31,085 14.82 15.46 16.90 58.80 63.88 67.93 5.89 6. 51 9.82
143,408 171, 578 196, 016 8.40 10 05 11.22 33.95 39.41 44.31 1.94 3. 53 6.10
4,380 5,442 4, 271 17.31 21.01 16.24 81.80 87. 68 92.47 13.32 30.14 1.35
21,435 23,210 24,410 12. sa 13,87 14. 4fl 05.20 70. 02 74.72 7.5C 7 .« 7.95
9,177 11,170 12,017 10.39 18.04 18.89 87.09 99. 80 102. 03 9.36 10.87 16.01
20, 302 23,270 25, 704 7 83 8, 71 9.36 32.72 35. 38 36.88 1.87 4. 72 6. 96
19,761 24,440 25,738 10.97 13.36 13.50 44.40 52.22 55.54 1.04 2.12 2.46
22, 557 28,669 38,717 6.68 8.29 10.96 24.14 30. 45 37.99 1.05 1.8C 5.92
11, 700 14,610 17,065 5.95 7.80 9.02 23.49 26.74 31.47 .55 3.85 3. 44
19,330 19,979 24,333 5.91 6, 53 7.81 23.82 25. 7C 30.68 1. 36 .91 2. 51
14, 706 20,782 23, 761 9.27 12.66 13.96 37.74 50. 09 55.35 .01 3.78 6. 52
04, 917 81,082 90,133 0.231 7.64 8.30 24. 55 27. 11 30.08 1.07 4.46 5.68
17, 034 21,613 23.826 6.07 7. 50 8.04 26.96 31.93 35.37 .98 2. 41 3.17
18,875 22,040 24, 289 6.61 7.76 8.30 28.16 30.64 34.5G .01 3.1C 3. 57
17, 460 20,729 20,616 6 23 7.24 7.03 24.52 24.17 28.27 1.97 6.3< 2. 30
11,548 16,700 21, 402 5.89 8.32 10. 49 18.25 21. 61 21.83 .68 5.80 14.43
107, 804 126,217 165, 367 H M 9.87 12. 09 36. 34 S9.54 49.76 1, 36 8.25 fl. 85
9,069 10,408 13,643 4. 59 5.15 6. 57 18. 86 21.23 26.31 1.0C 1.35 3.01
15, 890 18,715 26,507 8.51 8. 82 12. 36 33.82 38.87 48.42 .52 \.2l 8.99
25,139 24, 754 34,713 10.10 9. 79 13. 50 38.85 36.45 52.51 1.47 1.17 3.84
57, 506 72,340 90,504 9.53 11.83 14. 51 42.12 47.44 60.97 1.72 5.57 6.80
59, 652 70,947 80,696 10.10 18.87 21. 07 68.06 72. 07 77.85 1. 27 6.98 6.01
8,825 11.180 11,768 IS.62 21. 05 21. 47 73.65 87. 64 94. 77 1. 39 10.84 11.82
6,755 8,684 10,047 14.28 17.90 20. 01 55.21 62. 30 08.00 1.87 9.44 13.8.1
4,392 5,174 6,186 19.01 22.21 26.10 76. 66 87.84 92.45 1.91 3.92 16,14
16,992 18,751 20,345 16. Ofl 17. 59 18. 89 70.37 73.81 82.20 ,78 4. a 5.90
5,653 6,768 8,774 14.06 16. 04 20. 79 60.46 62.24 57.60 .63 5.9C 9.96
6, 671 7, 521 9,774 17.28 18.52 23. 33 70.57 72.75 80.00 1. 23 2. 61 8. 72
8,190 IQ,412 11,197 15,93 20.18 21.41 55.81 03.24 70.51 1.55 10. SS 9. 65
2,174 2,457 2,605 22.18 24. 57 25. 54 110.01 120. 20 117.02 2.15 12. 58 10.98
159,114 195,841 218,60S 19.26 22.40 24.34 91.74 98.59 111. 12 4.21 19.06 16. 30
22,036 27,239 31,545 13.59 10. 58 18.83 63.09 73.92 88.96 1.5S 7.2C 3.83
13,049 15, 746 17,653 13.06 15.48 16.99 03.86 72.97 82.59 .89 10. 63 8.46
124.029 152,856 169,365 21.09 25.23 27.04 105. 52 110.09 122.06 5.61 23.95 19.67
804 695 780 13.18 11.21 12.38 116.04 108.75 118.96 28.68 3.72 2.18
21 16 13.99 1.95 1.48 7.04 10.10 6.14
018 472 428 13.44 9.43 7.92 56.21 68.50 69.44 28. 54 .20
67 66 2 88 3.05 2.86 14. 79 14. 75 14. 29
5, 091 5,643 7,533 12.24. 14.36 20. 09 60.84 63.43 77. 00 I. 60 2.16 7.38
11, 479 12, 527 14,350 .80 .94 1.08 9.22 8. 93 8. 58 .52 1.20 1.04
4,827 5, 554 8,377 2. 93 3.19 4.55 19.96 20. 57 25.87 .20 .82 5.60
108 104 222 4.92 4.73 10.08 30.61 31.49 37.60 .14 .34 27.72
1 Enrollment in night, summer, part-time, and continuation schooisnotincluded where separately reported.
2 White schools.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Survey of Education, chapter on Statistics
of State School Systems.

1 1 2 EDUCATION
No. 1 1 7 .— S c h o o l s , P u b l i c E l e m e n t a r y a n d S e c o n d a r y — E n r o l l m e n t ,
__________ W h i t e a n d N e g r o , f o r 18 S t a t e s : 1934, 1936, a n d 1938
STATE
ENROLLMENT IN—
AVERAGE
DAYS ATTEND­
ANCE PER
PUPIL EN­
ROLLED
White schools Negro schools W hite Negro
1934 1836 1938 1934 193G 1938 1938 1938
Total
Delaware..............................
M aryland...........................
District of Columbia..........
Virginia................................
West Virginia......................
North Carolina...................
South Carolina....................
Georgia.................................
Florida.................................
Tennessee...........................
Alabama..............................
Mississippi..........................
Missouri...............................
Arkansas..............................
Louisiana.............................
Oklahoma............ _............
Texas...................................
Kcntuoky.............................
7, 648,815 7, 774, 848 7, 683, 000 2, 430, 098 2,438,981 2,411, 967 141 120
38,801
237,310
61,437
424, 767
409,371
014,784
257, 870
491, 529
277, 629
539, 498
435, 995
308, 775
675, 342
347, 791
204, 269
575, 802
1,098, 318
559, 527
38,882
239,781
64,075
431,864
421,073
618,571
258,623
485, 135
284,483
539,820
445,810
308, 775
064, 520
348,837
294,257
608. 528
1,140, 200
580,814
37, 896
235,155
64,056
429,226
415,137
613,537
264,800
465,071
281,497
530,161
443,829
301,486
659,047
352,114
294,192
590,020
1,133,031
572,689
7,147
50,368
32,675
160,890
25,493
280,741
228, 842
273,336
104,881
115,809
212,986
299,261
44,246
108,889
167,338
47,695
213,344
50,157
7,218
58,376
35,132
160, 174
28,659
270,204
219, 292
263, 402
101, 280
113,391
231,252
299, 261
46, 736
312, 032
171,337
249, 521
24,427
47,287
7 ,0 %
58,531
36,616
154,330
28,052
208,287
223, 949
265, 823
102, 438
107,750
226,652
288,722
46,565
113,158
106, 754
48, 636
222, 370
45,629
No. 1 1 8 .— H i g h S c h o o l s , P u b l i c a n d P r i v a t e — E n r o l l m e n t
Note.—From State reports; ao data included tor seventh and eighth grade pupils in junior high schools
DIVISION AND
STATE
New England.......
Maine..............
N. Hampshire..
Vermont.. .........
Massachusetts..
Rhode Island...
Connecticut__
1830
287,807
30,005
14,158
11,000
105,408
17,386
59,350
PUBLIC
1938
41Q,655
37,360
20,390
12, 734
226, 260
28,040
85,771
1938
408,403
37,761
20,318
13,158
227,031
28,264
80,071
Private,
1938
86,743
7,328
6,689
3,050
29,560
7,109
12,095
DIVISION, STATE,
OR OUTLYING
AREA
ContT U. S.__ 4,390,402 5,974,537 6,220,934 446,833 S. Atl,—Con.
Georgia___
Florida........
Middle Atlantic...
New York.........
Now Jersey___
Pennsylvania...
E. N. Central........
Ohio..................
Indiana.............
Illinois...............
Michigan..........
Wisconsin.........
W. K. Central___
Minnesota........
Iowa...... ...........
Missouri............
Noith Dakota..
South D akota..
Nebraska..........
Kansas..............
S, Atlantic______
Delaware..........
Maryland____
Dist.of Col.......
Virginia...........
West Virginia..
N. Carolina___
S. Carolina.......
843, 156 L, 342,791 1,413,308
424,834 651, 322 714,604
119, 929 205, 702 202,200
298,392 485,677 406, 504
978, 978 1,285,813 1,280,636
265. 721 338,606 343,982
144,001 180,837 186,260
301,119 351,682 347,382
101,795 246,152 236, 070
106, 337 168,636 172, 942
509, 523
98, 613
117, 229
132, 050
29, 097
31, 338
68, 986
91, 610
484,277
7, 009
42, 296
16, 399
74, 027
48, 814
116, 937
52, 887
081,783
141,690
135,451
147,299
33,428
38,049
79,175
306,671
6B2,922
11,470
58, 063
22,653
105,031
76,907
165,864
69,417
697, 421
139, 848
136, 504
160,641
34,039
37, 729
81, 281
107, 319
738, 833
11, 653
61,263
24, 380
114, 359
83, 025
181, 202
76, 162
123, 016
56,166
10,411
48,039
106, 645
28, 744
6,611
34,127
25, 270
11, 893
44,368
8,884
12,476
10,905
2, 635
1, 334
3, 749
4,385
32,119
1, 575
10,075
3, 398
6,042
1,963
2, 354
2, 080
E. S. Central...
Kentucky...
Tennessee...
Alabama....
Mississippi..
W. S. Central.
Arkansas..
Louisiana..
Oklahoma.
Texas........
Mountain..............
Montana_____
Idaho................
Wyoming.........
Colorado...........
New Mexico__
Arizona.............
U tah................
Nevada.......
Pacific_______
Washington.,
Oregon.........
California__
Alaska..................
American Samoa.
Canal Z one.......
Guam .................
H aw aii...............
Philippine Islands.
Puerto Rico.........
Virgin Islands___
PUBLIC
102
100
152
149
156
146
147
140
142
135
126
131
147
126
152
136
142
123
1936 1938 1938
80, 701
45,207
245, 503
62,470
69,691
61,054
52, 288
444,420
40,280
57,843
104,159
230,138
170, 567
24, 787
27,172
11,164
43,217
12,587
15, 259
32,619
3,762
366,097
85, 428
47,687
231,982
785
632
7, Q6G
71,155
7, 054
63
100, 004
66,913
325, 139
84, 200
94,895
81,208
64,710
660, 397
61,262
78, 495
127, 243
293, 397
218, 511
32,981
32, 627
14, 745
55, 014
14,880
18,859
42,424
4,972
463, 646
101,427
56,928
310, 291
1,282
43
1,132
108
12,675
55, 563
10, 572
229
111, 570
72,310
344,334
01,511
97, 046
87,278
67,899
G08,463
65, 508
86, 743
133,279
322, 933
223.123
31,080
32, 898
15, 522
54, 462
20, 570
20, 348
42,057
5, 286
508,323
105, 293
60,487
342, 543
150
154
147
137
159
130
105
115
133
134
114
87
152
105
124
134
119
132
Private,
1938
3,182
2,450
20,460
8,287
4,829
4,988
2,356
20,249
1,520
10, 306
1,802
6,561
8,420
1, 544
488
113
3, 528
1,431
779
537
24,213
5,018
2, 481
16,714
1,361 11
72 180
955 ...........
76
1G, 093
68, 084
12, 329
308
153
4, 500
Source of tables 117 and H8: Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Survey of Education,
chapter on Statistics of State School Systems.
2,597
98

EDUCATION 113
No. 119.— H i g h S c h o o l s a n d A c a d e m ie s — T e a c h e r s , P u p ils , a n d G r a d u a t e s ,
B y S e x , f o r C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1900 t o 1938
N o t e ,—Data arc from reports received from the schools. In 1938, 26,250 public high schools out of a total
of 25,467 furnished complete reports. The total enrollment in all high schools as reported by the State
departments of education is shown for 1920,1930, and 1938 in table 120
1900 1910 1920 1930 1934 1938
ALL IU G TI SC H O O L S A N D A C A D E M IE S
S c h o o ls r e p o r tin g .................................................... 7,983 11,994 16,419 24,997 26,214 27,850
T o ta l seco n d a ry p u p ils 1___ _______________ 030,048 1,032, M l 2,041,308 4,464,721 5,610,691 6,529,500
P e r c e n t of to ta l p o p u la tio n .......................... 0.83 L 12 1.93 3.63 4.43 5.01
N u m b e r of p e rso n s 14 to 17 y e a rs o f age in
t o t a l p o p u la tio n *............................................. 30,116,795 7,220,208 7, 735,841 9,341,221 9,648, 700 9, 740,000
R a t i o of n u m b e r of p u p ils to t o ta l n u m b e r
o f a g e sp ecified , p e rc e n t................................... 10.30 14.30 26.39 47.69 58.15 67.04
PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS
S c h o o ls re p o rtin g ..................................................... 6,005 10,213 14,326 22,237 23,614 25,250
T e a c h e r s , to tal_____________________________ 20,372 41,867 m 7,986 10,152 « 95,231 e 57,548
Evening schools .............. ......................... b m (•) m 2D0,824
Ungraded vocational schools................... h m « h « 34,472
Percent of total population in public
high schools........................................ ........... 0. 69 .99 1,76 3.38 4.22 4.81
Number graduated during year, total......... 81, 737 111,363 230,902 591,719 808, 610 1,029, 549
Boys...................................................................... 22,575 43, 657 90,516 267,298 382,871 481,123
Girls..................................................... 39,162 67,706 140,386 324,421 423,639 548, 426
PBIVATii m a n SCHOOLS AND a c a d e m ie s
1933»
Schools reporting___________ „___ ______ 1,078 1,781 2,093 2,760
2,600
Teachers, totn.1 10,117 11,146 14,946 22,014 IS,175
Men....................................................... 4,275 4,612 5,698 8, 680 7, 294
Women............................................... 5,842 6,634 9,248 13, 434 11,881
Secondary pupils, total................ ............... 110,797 117,400 184,163 809,052 270,128
Boys____ _________________ _ „ 55,734 55,474 84,222 146, 517 126. 210
Girls..................................................... 55,063 61,920 99,931 162, 636 143,918
Negro pupils (included above) _______ S . S 9 0 8 ,8 8 6 9 ,5 8 6 9 , 8 6 8 G ,7 6 0
Total in schools lor hovs only............. » 20,838 47,925 88,137 73, 723
Total in schools for girls o n ly ..........
b
28,317 55,658 91,605 83,050
Total in coeducational schools______ b 62,245 80,570 129,310 113,355
1 Excludes seventh and eighth grades in junior high schools.
2 Census enumerations except figure for 1934 which is census estimate as of July 1 and figure for 1938 which
is estimate by Scripps Foundation.
*Excluding data for Indian Territory, which is not included in public-school statistics.
*Includes teachers in junior high schools as follows: 1920,1,301 men, 5,009 women; 1930, 9,277 men, 30,755
women; 1934,10,404 men, 29,629 women; 1938, 14,845 men, 33,240 women.
4 No data.
6 Includes 34,633 special students for 1934 and 18,851 for 1938.
’ Latest data available; included in 1934 and 1938 totals.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Survey of Education, chapter on Public
High Schools and chapter on Private Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1932-34, for statistics on private
pehools.

1 1 4 EDUCATION
N o. 120.— School and College Enrollments and E xpenditures, for
Continental United States: 1900 to 1938
SCHOOLS 1900 1810 1920 1030 1938
ENROLLMENT
Elementary and kindergarten, total1......... 16,224,784 18,467,228 20,864,488 23. 688,479 22,042,902
Kindergartens (public and private)........... m , 894 7 Slfi, 1S9 610,949 777,890 644,840
Public elementary schools and kindergartens...................................................
14,983,859 16,898,791 19, 378,927 21, 278, 593 3 19,790,426
Private elementary schools and kindergartens
(largely estimated).................. 1,240,925 1,558,437 1,485, 561 2,309,886 2, 252,476
Secondary students, total1_____________ 695,603 1,111,393 2,496,676 4,799,867 8,736,939
Public high schools.................................. 519,251 915,061 * 2,200,389 * 4,399,422 * 6,226,934
Privato high schools............................. .. 110,797 117,400 4213,920 5 341,168 « 446,833
Public and private institutions of higher
education7 .......................................... 65,855 78,932 81,367 59, 287 63,172
Students in institutions of higher education,
total................................................ 237,592 355,215 597, 880 1,100,737 1,350, 905
Normal schools and teachers’ colleges
(excluding secondary students)........... 69,593 88, 561 135,435 176,462 145,649
Colleges, universities, and professional
schools (excl. preparatory students)... 167,999 266,654 402,445 924, 275 1, 205,256
Percent of total population in institutions
of higher education...................... .31 .39 .57 .90 1.04
expenditures (thousands of dollars)8
Public elementary and secondary schools.. 214,965 426,250 1,036,151 2.316, 790 2, 233,110
Private elementary and secondary schools. c) 53,542 (») 233,277 214,862
Public institutions of higher education »■_.
Private institutions of higher education I0. } 46,780 91,896
/ 115,597 288,909 " 270,833
\ 100,769 343,340 h 265,824
i Excluding pupils in residential schools (or exceptional children.
>1912.
3 Includes 42,252 elementary pupils in college training schools and colleges.
* From State reports.
* Figure for 1928.
o Estimated.
7 Includes secondary students in teacher-training institutions.
s Including outlays. Expenditures for education in all schools reporting finances, including schools
for the delinquent, deaf, blind, feeble-minded, and Indians, not shown in this tabic, amounted to $3,233,-
601,000 in 1930 and $3,003,018,000 in 1038. The latter figure excludes auxiliary operations (see note 11).
9 No data.
Expenditures for all departments, ineluding preparatory.
» Excludes expenditures for auxiliary enterprises and activities, included in prior years, amounting to
$51,476,000 for public institutions and $87,718,000 for private institutions.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Survoy of Education, chapter on
Statistical Summary of Education.
No. 121.— I n s t i t u t i o n s o f H i g h e r E d u c a t i o n — F a c u l t y , S t u d e n t s , a n d
R e c i p i e n t s o f D e g r e e s , b y Sex, f o r C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1032
t o 1938
N ote.—Data In this table cover universities, colleges, professional schools, junior colleges, teachers’ colleges,
and normal schools, both publicly and privately controlled, regular session. For student enrollment
for earlier years, see table 120
i in
1932 1034 1936 1038
Faculty (reduced to full-time basis), total..................... 100,789 99,036 110,225 123,077
M en............................................................................ 71,680 71,592 78,316 87,990
Women....................................................................... 29,109 28,343 31,909 35,687
Resident college enrollment, total.-................................ 1,154,117 1, 056,300 1,208,227 1,350,905
M en........................................................................... 667,181 616,720 709,672 803,893
Women....................................................................... 486,936 439,640 498,555 547,012
Degrees conferred:
Baccalaureate and first professional, total............... 138,063 136,156 143,125 104,943
M e n ................................... ................................ \ 83,271 82,341 86,007 97,678
Women.............................................................. . 54| 792 53,815 57,058 67,265
Masters, including advanced engineering (men
and women)............................................................ 19,339 18,204 18,302 21,628
Doctors (men and women)....................................... 2,900 2,815 2,770 2,932
Honorary (men aud women)..............................— 1,167 1,280 1,347 1,500
Source: Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Survey of Education, chapter on
Statistics of Higher Education.

EDUCATION 115
No. 122.— J u n i o r C o l l e g e s — N u m b e r a n d E n r o l l m e n t , f o r C o n t i n e n t a l
U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1918 t o 1938
YEAR
alt. s c h o o l s r e p o r t in g PUBLICLY CONTROLLED PRIVATELY CONTROLLED
Number Enrollment Number Enrollment Number Enrollment
1018........................................................ 49 4,504 14 1,307 32 3,137
1920................................................... 52 8,102 10 2,940 42 5,162
1022_________ _______ _____ _____ 80 12,124 17 4, 771 63 7,353
1924.............. ..................... ................... 132 20,559 39 9,240 93 11,319
192fi____________ ___________ _ 153 27,095 47 13, 859 10G 13,236
1928_______________ _________ 248 44,855 114 28,437 134 16, 418
1 9 3 0 ............................................. 277 55,016 129 36,501 148 19, 115
1932........................................................ 342 85,063 159 58,887 183 26,176
1034_________________________ 322 78,480 152 55, 869 170 22, G il
1 9 3 3 ..----------------------------- -------- 415 102,453 187 70, 557 228 31, 896
1038______________ ___________ _ 453 121, 510 200 82, 041 244 39,469
No. 123.— I n s t i t u t i o n s o p H i g h e r E d u c a t i o n — In c o m e a n d E x p e n d i t u r e s ,
f o r C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1932 t o 1938
N ote.—All money figures in thousands of dollars. See hoadnote, table 121. For total expenditures for
earlier years, see table 120
1933 1934 1930 103S
INCOME
N u m b e r o f i n s t i t u t i o n s r e p o r t i n g ................... .................... 1 ,3 8 0 1 ,3 5 7 1, 541 1, 586
I n c o m e fo r e d u c a t i o n a l a n d g e n e r a l a n d fo r p l a n t ex -
t e n s i o n p u r p o s e s , t o t a l ............................................... - - ........ 508,254 430, 528 4 9 1 ,1 0 0 580, 372
S t u d e n t f e e s __________________ _____________ ___________ _ 150,049 138, 257 168,134 1 7 8 ,9 9 6
E n d o w m e n t o a r n itig s .............................................................. 60,903 65, 533 60, 090 70, 654
F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t ......................................................- - - - - ____ 1 ] 19.827 43, 234 29, 345
S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s ........................ ..............................................- . } 174,663
r 119,583 140,9 5 9
| 117,551
C o u n t y , c i t y , a n d d i s t r i c t g o v e r n m e n t s .............................. 1 i 2 1 ,0 5 0 2 2 ,0 9 1
P r i v a t e g if ts a n d g r a n t s ................................................................... 29,948 27,468 3 7 ,1 1 5 36. 908
S a le s a n d s e r v ic e o f o r g a n iz e d a c t i v i t i e s .......................... .. 21,009 17,75!) 24, 943 27, 947
O t h e r ( i n c l u d i n g t h a t f o r in c r e a s e o f p h y s i c a l p l a n t ) . 71,083 54,183 2 6 ,9 5 5 7 3 ,4 7 2
A u x i l i a r y e n t e r p r i s e s a n d a c t i v i t i e s ............................................. 114,267 97, 637 100, 47!) 130,5 2 3
I n c o m e f o r in c r e a s e o f p e r m a n e n t f u n d s ................................... 47, 677 27, 478 4 7 ,0 3 9 4 9 ,5 8 3
EX PEN D ITU RES
N u m b e r o f i n s t i t u t i o n s r e p o r t i n g ...................... - ................ 1,357 1,327 1 ,5 4 0 1 ,5 8 6
E x p e n d i t u r e s f o r e d u c a t i o n a l a n d g e n e r a l p u r p o s e s ,
t o t a l . . . . . . . ............ ..................... ......................................................... 420,633 369,661 4 1 9 ,8 8 3 4 7 5 ,1 9 2
G e n e r a l a d m i n i s t r a t i o n a n d e x p e n s e ...................................... 47,232 43,155 4 8 ,0 6 9 5 6 ,4 0 6
R e s i d e n t i n s t r u c t i o n :
C o lle g e s , s c h o o ls , a n d d e p a r t m e n t s ................................... 232,645 203,332 2 2 5 ,1 4 4 2 5 3 ,0 0 6
R e l a t e d a c t i v i t i e s .............................- .............................................. 21,297 14,155 2 0 ,2 4 1 2 4 ,0 3 1
O r g a n i z e d r e s e a r c h ............. ...................................... ................. 21,978 17,064 2 2 , 0 0 1 2 5 ,2 1 3
L i b r a r i e s ..................................................................... - .............................. U , 379 13,387 15, 531 1 7 ,5 8 S
P h y s i c a l p l a n t o p e r a t i o n a n d m a i n t e n a n c e ........................ 56,797 51,046 5 6 ,8 0 2 6 2 ,7 3 8
E x t e n s i o n .......................................................... - ....................................... 24,066 2 0 ,0 2 0 29, 427 3 4 ,1 8 9
O t h e r ........................................................................................ .................... 5,239 7 ,5 0 2 2 ,5 8 0 2 , 0 2 0
A u x i l i a r y e n t e r p r i s e s a n d a c t i v i t i e s ............................................. 115,890 99,6 6 8 121,5 0 8 1 3 9 ,1 9 4
C a p i t a l o u t l a y , t o t a l ............................................................................... 08,290 29,503 4 7 ,3 0 9 7 0 ,4 6 6
B u i l d i n g a n d g r o u n d s ........................................................................ 83,272 22,365 3 9 ,6 0 6 5 8 ,5 2 3
E q u i p m e n t .............. .................................................................................. 15,018 7,138 7 ,7 6 4 11, 943
Source of tables 122 and 123: Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Survey of Education,
chapter on Statistics of Higher Education.

116 EDUCATION
No. 124.— I n s t i t u t i o n s o f H i g h e r E d u c a t i o n — F a c u l t y , E n r o l l m e n t , a n d
DIVISION, STATE, OR
OUTLYING AREA
Number
of
institutions,
1038
FACULTY,
1938 (re-
duced to fulltime
basis)1
Men Women
1 Continental U. S._. 1,690 87,990 35,687 1, 055, 380 1, 208, 227
2 New England........... 127 S,Q42 2,881 73,374 78,508
3 Maine............... 15 436 265 4, 536 4, 725
4 New Hampshire.. 7 548 140 5,066 5,171
5 Vermont............. 10 390 157 2,037 3,147
6 Massachusetts__ 65 4, 890 1,607 47,131 50, 439
7 .Rhode Island....... 6 514 173 4, 400 5, 036
8 Connecticut......... 24 1, 258 539 9, 004 9,'
9 Middle Atlantic....... 222 10,984 8,022 245,474 262,070
10 New York............ 101 11,040 3,595 101, 852 173, 2;
11 New Jersey......... 30 1,477 409 14,054 17, 633
12 Pennsylvania..... 91 6, 887 2,018 09, 568 71,182
13 East North Central... 319 16,202 6,383 200, 840 253,176
14 Ohio.................... 62 4, 453 1, 641 59, 326 66, 346
15 Indiana.............. 38 2, 224 741 23, 522 27,126
16 Illinois.............. . 9G 5, 215 1,964 67, 071 87,772
17 Michigan______ 68 2,797 1,248 36, 232 45,845
18 Wisconsin............ 61 1, 603 789 22, 789 26,087
19 West North Central.. 24B 9,787 4, 558 124,680 137,131
20 Minnesota____ . 36 1, 72G 835 26, 425 28, 394
21 Iowa................... 66 1,995 948 22,196 26,452
22 Missouri............... 54 2, 752 1,116 30,148 31,690
23 North Dakota... . 10 480 210 7, 244 6,118
24 South Dakota... . 16 501 259 4, 722 5,812
25 Nebraska.......... 24 911 404 13, 682 15,766
26 Kansas.............. 43 1,422 726 20, 263 22,899
27 South. Atlantic. . 259 10,328 5,100 107,991 131, 658
28 Delaware... ... 3 120 44 827 842
29 Maryland............. 28 1,430 637 13, 461 14, 652
30 Dlstrictof Columbia. 21 1, 245 400 14, 731 19,263
31 Virginia............. 42 1,772 963 18, 077 20,353
32 West Virginia... . 21 691 309 9,142 12,091
83 North Carolina... 52 2,037 1,006 21, 027 26, 285
34 South Carolina__ 31 911 475 9, 391 11,252
35 Georgia....... 47 1,343 805 15, 021 17, 738
36 Florida......... 14 749 371 6, 314 9,080
37 East South Central... 139 4,899 2,853 58, 522 69, 553
38 Kentucky.......... 36 1,145 723 17, 029 19,862
39 Tennessee........ 44 I, 755 703 19, 300 22,003
40 Alabama. . . 25 1, 215 702 13, 627 16, 547
41 Mississippi........ 34 784 635 7, 666 11,141
42 West South Central . 108 6,552 3,486 88, 077 100,220
43 Arkansas........ 23 739 423 7, 617 8, 762
44 Louisiana.......... 21 1,383 658 13, 625 18,090
45 Oklahoma........ 37 1,180 733 23, 204 27,470
46 Texas............... 87 3, 244 1,672 44,171 54, 898
47 Mountain 60 3,132 1,216 38, 224 45,882
48 Montana......... 10 328 149 4,450 5, 224
49 Idaho............. 9 360 129 4, 000
50
5, 619
IVyominB-. ........ 1 155 46 1,191 1,682
61 Colorado.......... 17 956 394 11, 717 13,334
52 New Mexico... 7 373 142 2,002 3,558
53 Arizona........ 5 292 124 4, 552 5, 008
64 Utah............. 10 563 211 9,122
66 Nevada__ ..
10,393
1 105 21 990 1,064
56 Pacific____ 144 8,427 3,188 107, 578 121,138
57 Washington__ 22 1,232 456 16, 467
58 Oregon.............
21,315
20 816 302 9, 208 12,603
59 California........ 102 8,379 2,370 81,903 87,215
60 U, S, Service Schools. 3 547
61 Alaska............. 1 30
153
62 Canal Zone . .
193
1
63 Hawaii................ 1 202 70 1,601
64
2,003
Philippine Islands.. 3 473 98
8,970
65 Puerto Rico...... . 2 306 141 1,768 2,485
STUDENTS OF COLLEGE GRADE
Total enrollment excluding duplicates a
m i
1836
1938
Arts and sciences,
1938
Undergraduate
Total Men Worn- Men Wornen
350, 905 803,893 547,012 374,147 315,143
87,611 67,139 30,472 26,714 16,695
5, 300 3, 053 2,253 1, 476 1,256
5, 502 4, 082 1,420 3, 276 940
3, 514 1,844 1,670 1,281 1,129
56, 916 36, 797 20,119 12, 081 11, 255
5, 081 3,482 1,509 2, 251 536
11, 292 7,881 3, 411 5, 349 1,579
290,797 177,670 113,127 75,341 56,510
193, 473 114, 210 79, 263 50, 355 42, 287
19, 706 14, 551 5,155 7, 734 2,502
77, 618 48,909 28,709 17,249 11,721
287,271 176,417 110,854 74,220 67,365
75, 770 40, 323 29, 447 10,830 15, 210
30, 558 2Q, 572 9, 980 6, 794 4,937
98,466 59, 886 38, 580 24,890 21,151
54, 324 32, 775 21, 549 15, 551 11,830
28,103 16, 801 11, 202 7,149 4, 237
145,643 85,032 60,011 40,000 32,899
30,069 17, 594 12, 475 8,828 6,798
27,329 10,137 11,192 8, 333 6, 799
34,769 20,151 14, 618 7, 734 7,619
7,410 4, 216 3,194 1,791 992
5, 532 3,110 2, 422 1,470 1,268
15, 984 9, 368 6, 616 3, 527 2, 782
24, 55Q 14,456 10,094 8, 308 6, 641
148,683 82, 977 65,706 45, 768 44,963
981 585 390 292 244
15, 365 9, 526 5,839 4, 834 3, 883
21,362 13,713 7,639 4, 66C 4,050
23,155 12, 555 10, 600 7, 246 5, 980
13,118 6,822 6, 296 4,314 3, 748
28, 730 15,102 13, 628 10,067 9,214
13,967 7,388 6,670 4, 460 5,770
20,815 11,395 9, 420 5, 576 7,933
11,200 5, 891 5, 309 4,319 4,132
73,309 38,741 34, 588 19,156 20,307
19, 997 10, 468 9,529 4,836 6, 019
23, 578 11,868 11, 722 5, 954 6,008
17,817 10,006 7,751 3, 757 3,808
11,917 6,351 5, 566 3,608 4,472
125,366 70, 694 54, 675 34,271 34, 219
9, 563 5,558 4,005 3,161 2,689
21,813 12,962 8, 851 6,477 4, 637
28,273 15, 332 12, 941 5,378 5, 746
65, 720 36,842 28,878 19, 255 21,147
50,982 30,909 20,073 12,738 10,630
5,792 3, 351 2, 441 1,272 1,256
5, 743 3, 025 2,123 1,398 1,219
2,047 1,315 732 617 317
15,427 9,165 6,262 3,274 3,644
4, 101 2,593 1,508 1,166 638
5,404 3,180 2,224 1,368 053
11,242 6,939 4,303 3, 272 2, 250
1,221 741 480 371 353
137,191 80,265 60,826 47,940 41, 555
24,296 14, 426 0,870 6,578 0,365
14,246 8,669 5, 577 3,461 2,438
98,649 57,170 41,179 37,901 32,752
4,049 4,049
217 14Q 68 39 16
143 79 64 79 64
2,478 1,147 1,331 543 442
7,991 6,001 1,990 1,266 670
4,199 1,909 2,200 590 314
j ^d5ni" lstra^yt\ offlcers, extension service, and organized research, in addition to regular force
Includes data for special and unclassified students not accounted for separately.

EDUCATION 1 1 7
R e c ip ie n ts op D egrees, b y S tates, T errito rie s,a n d O u tly in g P ossessions: 1938
STUDENTS OF COLLEGE GRADE —c o n t i n u e d
A r t s a n d s c ie n c e s ,
1 9 3 8 — C o n ti n u e d
P r o f e s s io n a l (a ll d e p a r t m e n t s ) 1938
G r a d u a t e U n d e r g r a d u a t e G r a d u a t e
M e n W o m e n M e n W o m e n M e n W o m e n
NONCOLLEGIATE
(e x c lu d in g t r a i n ­
in g sch o o l’s) 1038
E le m e n ­
t a r y
S e c o n d ­
a r y
DEGRE
ES C O N FERRED ,
1838 3
B a c c a l u i r e a t e
a n d fn 3 t* p ro -
fe ssi rm a l G r a d ­
u a t e
M e n
W o m e n
2 9 ,0 8 5 19,852 381,2 0 3 199,981 28,789 15,095 3,385 32,874 9 7 ,6 7 8 e r , 265 24, 600 1
2 , 643 1 ,2 0 1 2 6 ,8 3 3 11,937 1,683 687 1,847 8 ,9 5 1 4 ,7 0 8 2 ,1 0 7 2
11 8 1, 239 983 27 6 180 523 270 46 3
43 15 837 465 32 27 815 124 45 4
21 22 529 517 13 2 279 240 35 5
1, 874 897 2 1 ,4 2 7 7, 515 1,713 362 1,330 5 ,4 6 5 3 ,1 0 3 1, 572 6
249 118 973 945 9 561 309 192 7
545 141 1, 828 1 ,5 1 2 189 167 101 1, 308 0 0 2 2 7 7 8
8 ,7 5 6 5 ,8 6 8 8 5 ,2 2 8 4 2 ,4 6 3 10,880 8,387 146 4 ,9 0 9 2 1 ,0 8 7 1 2 ,9 6 9 7, 660 9
6 ,8 2 2 4, 484 5 1 ,0 1 0 25, 604 7 ,9 5 8 6 , 960 145 3 ,7 6 8 1 1 ,7 1 4 7, 625 5 ,8 7 1 10
299 16 6, 487 2 ,6 1 8 323 20 81 1 ,7 5 7 861 226 11
1, 635 1, 368 27, 731 14, 241 2 ,5 9 9 1 ,3 8 7 1,069 7, 596 4 ,4 8 3 1 ,5 5 3 1.2
r, 084 5 ,4 8 0 91, 339 4 6 ,5 7 7 5 ,0 9 0 2 ,4 0 0 4 ,7 9 3 2 0 ,8 2 1 1 3 ,0 4 0 5 ,8 1 7 13
1 ,3 8 1 828 24, 287 12,8 7 6 1 ,1 9 5 014 388 5 ,0 7 3 3 ,0 5 0 1 ,1 3 7 14
477 251 12,9 6 0 4, 787 362 111 579 3 ,0 3 1 1, 394 579 15
3, 298 3 ,0 5 0 30, 659 14,451 1 ,4 0 7 504 2, 088 6 , 556 3, 8 8 8 2 ,1 2 4 10
I , 222 . 947 14, 757 7 ,8 8 0 1 ,6 4 8 1,123 596 3, 698 2 ,4 9 4 1 ,3 1 2 17
90(1 404 8 , 676 6 , 583 418 114 544 2 ,2 6 3 1 , 608 665 18
2 ,6 1 3 1,371 4 1 ,0 8 7 2 5 ,9 6 4 2 ,2 4 5 706 769 8 ,0 3 3 10,804 6 ,8 9 3 2 ,3 1 3 19
389 339 7. 067 5 ,3 5 2 1 ,1 1 5 250 1 ,8 3 8 2, 233 1 ,4 2 2 435 20
1 , 0 0 2 4 9 3 6 , 483 3, 754 319 164 161 874 2 ,1 6 9 1 , 3 7 5 758 21
503 282 1 1 ,6 6 7 6 , 586 252 110 , 43 970 2 , 538 1, 548 466 2 2
120 47 2, 287 2 ,1 4 9 18 6 117 445 284 57 23
36 13 1, 590 1 ,1 4 7 14 439 428 244 31 24
196 70 5 ,6 0 8 3, 746 157 42 540 1, 0 2 1 1,191 814 218 25
277 121 5, 785 3, 230 370 193 25 774 1,800 1, 206 348 2 6
a, 4i4 1,365 33,827 19,083 1,782 550 1,440 5 ,0 3 2 10,758 8 , 610 1,725 2 7
4 1 289 151 187 8 8 03 6 28
441 135 3, 797 1 ,6 7 9 491 112 96 1, 242 772 240 29
870 710 7 ,4 5 3 2 ,6 0 9 741 274 o i 308 1, 0 0 9 710 5 7 7 30
325 47 5 ,4 6 5 4 ,7 7 3 163 38 707 1, 733 1, 250 175 31
53 25 2, 440 2 ,4 9 4 75 29 120 700 810 123 32
464 2 2 2 4. 502 4 ,1 8 0 94 14 418 813 2, 0 0 0 1 ,9 5 2 278 33
25 41 2 , 888 736 33 54 714 1 ,0 5 5 1 ,0 2 0 873 52 34
164 145 5, 592 1 ,3 2 7 80 15 1 ,6 6 2 1,4 8 9 1, 264 211 35
6 8 30 1 ,4 0 1 1 ,1 3 4 105 14 247 84 721 816 '6 3 30
650 582 19, 533 IS, 392 518 322 150 4 ,3 0 1 4 ,9 5 7 4 ,4 0 2 856 37
260 261 6 ,2 1 5 3 ,1 7 3 173 85 109 1, 604 1 ,4 1 0 1, 241 233 38
292 251 5 .4 6 3 5 ,2 4 3 176 223 41 7 8 7 1 ,5 2 2 1 , 37J 408 39
76 54 6 ,2 3 5 3 ,8 9 8 53 12 397 1, 257 1 ,0 2 7 131 40
22 16 2 ,6 2 0 1 ,0 7 8 116 2 1 ,5 1 3 768 763 24 41
1, 331 1,167 3 4 ,5 0 0 19,101 1,248 477 649 2 ,4 0 8 8 , 247 8 ,0 6 3 1, 602 42
18 8 2,431 1 ,3 2 5 11 6 106 69C 417 41 43
276 2 2 0 5, 672 3, 8 0 9 537 04 327 60S 1, 577 1 ,1 8 0 208 44
344 272 9, 600 6 ,8 6 9 158 128 143 761 1, 789 1 ,9 5 0 344 45
693 007 16, 797 7 ,0 3 8 540 249 179 1 ,0 3 1 4 ,1 9 1 5 ,1 1 6 849 46
764 002 17,341 9 ,3 9 4 816 428 1, 605 3 ,3 7 5 2, 231 841 47
30 20 1 ,9 6 8 1 ,1 5 5 81 10 51 366 198 35 i S
53 29 2 ,1 1 9 864 55 11 282 380 165 S3 49
29 3 2 650 380 19 3 128 78 37 50
321 300 5 ,8 1 8 3 ,0 0 1 462 296 223 1 ,0 7 3 800 483 5.1
53 76 1 ,4 1 4 816 30f 224 129 39 52
43 40 1 ,6 6 5 1 ,1 3 9 104 92 315 304 75 53
208 77 3, 365 1 ,9 6 0 94 16 642 794 497 85 54
27 48 342 79 1 95 60 4 55
2 ,9 1 0 2 ,1 9 6 2 7 ,4 6 8 12,070 2, 229 1,193 242 2 ,2 4 8 8 ,1 5 9 5 ,8 4 9 1,889 56
517 485 7 ,0 7 7 2 ,9 8 5 290 104 172 1 ,0 9 5 X, 107 2G7 57
113 61 4, 951 2 ,9 4 9 152 123 79 528 093 677 155 58
2 , 280 1 ,0 5 0 15, 438 6 ,1 3 6 1 ,7 8 7 966 163 1, 547 5, 471 4 ,1 6 5 1 ,2 0 7 59
4 ,0 4 9 739 60
126 52 13 7 61
6 2
21 18 540 794 47 105 118 80 20 03
23 20 4, 677 I, 293 81 44 909 645 182 15 64
3 S 1 ,3 1 8 1, 908 242 160 65
3 Not including honorary degrees. See table 121.
Source; Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Survey of Education, chapter on Statistics
of Higher Education.

118 EDUCATION
No. 125.— P r o f e s s i o n a l S c h o o l s *— E n r o l l m e n t b y P r i n c i p a l C o u r s e s , b y
S t a t e s , T e r r i t o r i e s , a n d O u t l y i n g P o s s e s s i o n s : 1938
N ote.—Data were reported by 771 institutions representing both independent and u n iv e rsity schools.
N um ber of students taking courses in professions other than those coverod by this table were- A rchitecture,
3,010; fine arts, 0,098; forestry, 4,789; journalism, 2,816; library science, 1,404; m usic, 10,008; v eterinary
medicine, 2,362; all other, 39,861
DIVISION, STATE, OR
OUTLYING AREA
Continental IT. S..
New England..........
Maine................
New Hampshire..
Vermont..............
Massachusetts__
Rhode Island......
Connecticut........
Middle Atlantic....
New York..........
New Jersey.........
Pennsylvania----
East North. Central.
Ohio................... .
Indiana..............
Illinois.................
Michigan........... .
Wisconsin..........
West North Central__
Minnesota..............
Iowa........................
Missouri.................
North Dakota........
South Dakota.........
Nebraska..............
Kansas...................
South Atlantic.............
Delaware........... .
Maryland.............
District of Columbia.
Virginia..................
West Virginia.........
North Carolina___
South Carolina.......
Georgia...................
Florida................
East South Central__
Kentucky..............
Tennessee..............
Alabama................
Mississippi............
West South Central.—
Arkansas..............
Louisiana..............
Oklahoma............
Texas....................
Mountain..........
Montana___
Idaho............
Wyoming......
Colorado.......
Now Mexico..
Arizona.........
Utah.............
Nevada..........
Pacific.............
Washington..
Oregon..........
California......
U. S. Service Schools.
Alaska...................
Hawaii...................
Philippine Islands—
Puerto Rico..........
Agriculture
Commerce
and
business
IS
I a-r
29,171 100,388 7,527
997 8,329 399
417
239 103
99
7,908 399
103 '258
139
2,764 30,058 1,802
1,513 21,071 909
368 966
873 8,021 993
4,367 26,872 1,767
1,201 7,681 327
668 3,200 153
1,010 14,177 848
549 2,795 282
933 1,013 157
5,258 7,421 1,139
853 1,085 301
1,593 800 154
843 2,114 540
364 189
343 103
490 1,960 144
772 1,170
3,272 3,974 895
60
396 443 280
692 190
551 1,209 123
256
839 59
455 345
536 573 302
179 593
2,369 3,807 243
376 914 105
081 782 138
794 1,387
518 724
4,929 5,758 374
429 491
919 1,308 166
1,057 2,404
2, 524 1,555 208
2,564 3, 944
217 530
281 503
190
728 1,534
283 80
237
538 1,297
90
2,681 8,225 808
566 1,768
757 1,551 159
1,338 4,900 049
7
131
36
437 240
412 307
Educat
io n
212,651
10,463
1,131
543
442
6 ,395
592
1,360
52,969
32,132
3,487
17,350
44,434
10,757
5,018
9,278
10,134
9,247
26,253
5, 055
2, 527
7, 643
2,437
1,298
3,850
2,843
17,755
60
1,622
1, 631
3,311
3,681
5,189
300
987
884
17,468
5.010
6.010
4,709
1,733
21,978
1,074
3,651
7, 745
8,903
8, 779
794
1,275
381
1,934
1,129
1,905
1,272
29
12,657
3,300
1,382
7,875
22
892
413
1,698
E n g i ­
neering
Home
economics
17,814
179
118
47
182
105
2,239
1,818
421
3,367
838
690
546
744
549
3,974
683
1,468
178
311
169
421
744
1, 879
62
185
700
171
42
114
352
253
1,500
238
738
524
2,031
250
478
5G8
735
1,228
159
83
350
78
123
382
53
985
326
639
12
99
41
235
M o d i- N u r s - P h a r - T h e -
c in e m g m a e y olog-y
37,254 25,435 8 ,2 1 6 8,306 12,814
6,552 2,378 149 592 1,487
45
38
144
6 ,007 1,080 352 1,074
90
545 216 149 150 338
7, 378 5, 236 1, 372 2 ,2 3 0 3 ,2 9 4
5,990 2, 804 467 1,286 1,371
404 213 604
984 2, 432 905 731 1,319
6,787 5,986 2 ,2 9 3 1,836 2,759
1,338 943 345 061 032
625 431 186 413 321
2,914 2 ,9 5 5 1 ,1 0 0 230 1,491
1, 417 977 289 532 41
m 680 807 274
2,844 3,430 1,905 1,005 1, 615
702 1,109 687 167 355
427 384 256 107 119
751 926 537 200 994
61 49 94
87 31 91
524 606 290 181 65
292 331 135 105 82
6 , 670 3 ,0 1 9 702 741 1,509
015 068 In
80
183 525
4,293 774 105 50 159
561 557 286 118 280
146 41 47
282 434 85 144 133
110 164 100 97 31
362 381 56 295
301 46
1,315 1,334 413 303 681
398 343 85 471
534 857 373 95 50
262 98 40 72
121 36 ___ 41
2, 225 2,310 545 413 1, 043
141 303 96
355 1,033 148 77
468 223 125 94 210
1,261 751 272 242 737
855 302 88 380 68
85 20 01
47 136
40
287 240 00 123 6 8
101
95 62
2 ,8 2 8 1 ,4 3 4 751 8 6 6 548
408 227 362 123
429 275 258 152
1,991 1,159 266 352 425
741 550 346 185 40
133 113
of Higher Education

EDUCATION 119
N o . 1 2 6 . — I n s t i t u t i o n s o f H i g h e r E d u c a t i o n — S t u d e n t s E n r o l l e d i n a n d -
G r a d u a t i n g F r o m T e a c h e r - T r a i n i n g C o u r s e s : 1934, 1036, a n d 1938
N o t e .—This table covers students enrolled In educational courses in schools of arts and sclonces, as well as
those enrolled in professional schools and teacher-training institutions
STUDENTS IN REGULAR
SESSION
GRADUATES
DIVISION, STATE, OR OUT­
LYING AREA
1934 1936 1938
With
degrees
1934 1930 1938
With
degrees
With
degrees
Without
degrees
Without
degrees
Without
degrees
Continental U. S_____ 287,571 312,269 313,728 32,227 22,305 34,224 21,126 39,461 17,365
New England............... ...... 14, 129 15,771 15,048 1,609 1,453 1,595 896 1,875 683
M aine.............................. 1,654 1,800 1,683 17 358 30 145 122 251
New Hampshire. ......... 1,025 083 651 45 148 42 135 38 67
065 1,133 718 30 8 134 18
Massachusetts_________ 8,683 9,501 9,782 1,217 678 1,222 452 1,194 235
705 943 780 169 167 143
Connecticut...................... 1,337 1,711 1,434 161 239 120 30 360 2
Kiddle Atlantic_________ 64,789 75,340 78,314 8,719 3,961 8,891 3,069 9,863 2,276
Now York........................ 38,293 49,305 46,851 4,019 1,740 5,120 1,816 5,614 1,569
New Jersey....................... 4,621 3,796 4,197 616 882 637 343 747 45
Pennsylvania.................... 21,975 22,149 22,266 3,184 1,339 3,134 910 3,502 662
East North Central............... 53, 549 67, 870 60,840 6,504 4,430 6,952 4,299 8,185 2,908
Ohio.................................. 16,011 15,016 14,670 1,728 967 1,690 1,053 2,202 986
Indiana............................. 7,771 7,824 8,311 812 786 865 573 871 546
Illinois.. ... ................... 11, 578 14,977 12,500 1,151 807 1,451 1,002 1,652 508
M ichigan......................... 8,535 10,430 10,917 1,545 746 1,616 906 2,017 219
Wisconsin.................. ...... 9,654 9,629 10,442 1,268 1,121 1,332 765 1,443 640
West North Central.............. 38,993 37,161 37,593 3,829 4,948 3,835 4,040 3,939 4,802
Minnesota........................ 8, 684 8,060 7,881 731 1,063 825 635 899 383
Iowa.................................. 5, 300 5,305 5,554 292 678 270 771 350 688
Missouri........................... 7,757 7,471 8.090 1,250 614 1,239 347 1,168 464
North D akota-............... 2, 909 2,170 2,604 305 407 295 587 239 570
South Dakota................... 2,430 1,980 2, 632 75 720 72 862 80 999
Nebraska.......................... 5, 425 6,201 4,779 641 438 509 536 570 635
Kansas.............................. 6,488 6,005 5,984 036 948 619 902 633 1,054
South Atlantio...................... 30,040 86,925 39,887 2,215 2,912 2,492 2,814 3,086 1,901
307 312 206 12 7 18 20
Maryland......................... 1,690 2,057 2,272 117 340 191 143 203 122
District of Columbia....... 2,38V 2,089 2,318 199 7 243 9 267 45
Virginia---------- ----------- 4, 752 6,857 5,443 459 921 581 054 564 . 478
West Virginia................... 4, 721 6, 276 4,034 485 234 617 713 725 312
North Carolina................. 7, 773 8, 711 9,985 401 762 480 540 743 59
South Carolina................. 2,869 3,409 4,321 88 5 49 33 33 67
Georgia— ........................ 3, 397 5,432 5,819 248 307 102 335 .264 310
Florida.............................. 2, 344 2, 882 3,999 206 329 211 381 277 508
East South Central................ 26, 377 20, 312 20,536 2,003 1,515 2,382 1,482 2,967 1,376
Kentucky......................... 9,492 8,080 8,203 678 976 839 258 983 324
Tennessee......................... 7,087 6,119 8,296 759 99 857 88 991 318
Alabama........................... 6, 634 7, 211 6,415 385 318 466 709 685 555
Mississippi........................ 2,104 4,002 3,535 181 122 221 347 398 179
West South Central.............. 26,498 85, 933 35, 558 3,425 502 4,135 1,628 5,440 1,103
Arkansas.......................... 2,376 3,112 3,047 167 85 202 91 251 191
Louisiana.......................... 3,801 3,707 4,942 353 277 391 392 077 148
Oklahoma......................... 6,977 11, 494 7,878 1,411 7 1,356 404 1,054 175
Texas................................. 13,340 17, 020 19, 091 1,494 133 2,186 681 2,858 639
Mountain.............................. 13, 585 10,272 11,335 1,352 1,334 1,480 1,090 1,801 1,320
M ontana.................-........ 1,673 1,523 1,195 38 342 52 346 55 388
Idaho.....................-.......... 2,298 1,819 2,001 136 328 129 232 170 379
W yom ing.-..................... 292 358 381 50 43 45 49 09 48
Colorado........................... 3, 578 3,201 2,850 449 310 463 227 592 205
New Mexico................... 1,115 1, 510 1,534 158 0 129 91 153 48
Arizona......................... 1,884 1,359 1,937 3,50 143 425 49 392 31
U tah.................................. 2,488 467 1,279 171 144 226 84 370 129
257 35 92 15 12 8
Pacific....... .......................... 20,416 10, 679 18,116 2,571 1,250 2,473 i , m 2,816 040
Washington...................... 3,408 2,659 3,070 290 626 337 410 503 431
Oregon.............................. 1,821 3,236 2,059 99 430 160 489 153 385
California......................... 15,187 10,785 12,080 2,182 194 1,970 329 1,659 124
26 21 12 3
293 365 561 86 159
1,657 2,177 700 679 66 1679 103
’ 598 ' 690 1,990 41 189 98 255
i For 1934.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Survey of Education, chapter on
Statistics of Higher Education.

1 2 0 EDUCATION
N o . 1 2 7 . — I n s t i t u t i o n s o f H i g h e r E d u c a t i o n — V o lu m e s in L i b r a r i e s , 3A34
a n d 1936, V a l u e o f P r o p e r t y a n d E n d o w m e n ts , 1936 a n d 1938, a n d
E x p e n d i t u r e s , 1938, b y S t a t e s , T e r r i t o r i e s , a n d O u t l y i n g P o s s e s s i o n s
[All money figures in thousands of dollars]
VOLUMES IN LI­
BRARIES
VALUE OF PLANT
AND PLANT FUND 1
END OW M ENT
FUNDS
isxp®NOTroBEa, 1938
DIVISION, STATE, OR
OUTLYING AREA
11)34 193G 1 1930 1038 1030 1938 3
Current
Capital
outlay
Auxiliary
activities
Continental U. S..,
Now England............ -
M aine.....................
New Hampshire----
Vermont...................
Massachusetts.........
Rhode Island...........
Connecticut.............
Middle Atlantic...........
New York................
New Jersoy____—
Pennsylvania...........
East North. Central.......
Ohio....... ..................
Indiana___—
Illinois......................
Michigan_________
Wisconsin___ ____
West North Central----
Minnesota................
Iowa.........................
Missouri............—
North Dakota..........
South Dakota..........
Nebraska..................
Kansas......................
South Atlantic___ ..___
Delaware..................
Maryland.................
Dist. of Columbia...
Virginia....................
West Virginia..........
North Carolina..—
South Carolina........
Georgia.....................
Florida.....................
East South Central.......
Kentucky.................
Tennessee.................
Alabama..................
Mississippi...............
West South Central-.-^
Arkansas..................
Louisiana.................
Oklahoma.................
T ex as.._________
Mountain......................
Montana................
Idaho........................
W yom ing................
Colorado............ ......
Now Mexico...........
Arizona....................
Utah.........................
Nevada...................
Pacific.........................
Washington.............
Oregon......................
California.................
Alaska..........................
Hawaii........................
Philippine Islands......
Puerto Rico.................

EDUCATION 12 121
No. 1 2 8 .—Summer, Extension and Correspondence, Nurse T raining, and
C ommercial Schools—N umber o f Students, b y States and for H awaii,
P hilippines, and Puerto R ico
D IV IS IO N , STATE, OH OUT­
LYING AREA
Summer
schools,
students, i
1037
Extension
and correspondence
students,2
1938
N U R S E -T R A IN IN G
SCHOOLS, 1936
COMMERCIAL SCHOOLS,
1933
Schools Students Sohools Students
Continental United States. 420, 864 371,173 1,381 79,149 651 102,286
New England......................... 13,306 13,687 162 9,619 00 18,886
Maine.................................. 1,127 218 24 797 5 484
New Hampshire.................. 547 2 19 744 4 633
Vermont.............................. 1.280 158 12 417 1 60
Massachusetts..................... 8,622 6,432 79 5,191 26 5,822
Rhode Island...................... 054 4,640 7 635 7 4,789
Connecticut........................ 867 2,237 21 1,736 17 2,097
Middle Atlantic...................... 76,115 60,545 294 19, 654 148 27,280
New York.......................... 50, 504 21,431 115 8,175 71 15,024
Now Jersey.... ..................... 3, 718 7,333 48 3, 349 24 2,548
Pennsylvania...................... 20, 893 81,781 131 8,130 53 9,708
East North Central.................. 88,955 66,163 207 10, 030 123 17,929
Ohio..................................... 19,408 11,180 71 4, 421 38 6,138
Indiana................................ 10,759 10,991 28 1,723 18 2,106
Illinois.................................. 27,709 17,142 108 5, 504 31 5,482
Michigan............................. 16,429 9,729 31 2,563 23 3,204
Wisconsin............................ 12, 650 20,112 29 1,825 13 999
West North Central................. 52,282 39,437 178 9,540 70 9,968
Minnesota........................... 9,358 12,193 20 2,577 14 1,579
Iowa..................................... 8, 832 5 ,5 5 5 31 1,043 13 1,744
Missouri.............................. 15r 298 8,647 30 1,896 11 2,063
North Dakota..................... 1,757 1,910 16 615 8 620
South Dakota..................... 2, 221 877 16 632 3 333
Nebraska............................ 6,779 5 ,6 3 5 14 900 3 519
Kansas................................. 8,037 4,620 42 1,377 18 3,110
South Atlantio....................... 54,910 29,801 182 8,622 67 7,173
Delaware............................. 354 396 7 310 1 55
Maryland............................ 2,684 952 26 1,632 6 737
District of Columbia.......... 4,441 230 8 912 5 1,763
V irginia.............................. 6; 612 6,307 24 1,115 10 1,009
West Virginia..................... 6,043 3,460 31 841 6 945
North Carolina_________ 16,858 9,328 37 1,378 10 596
South Carolina__________ 4,256 421 20 776 7 239
Georgia.___ ____________ 8,744 4,082 15 950 10 1,009
Florida..............................- 5,918 5,625 14 690 12 760
East South Central- ____ 32,703 26,055 95 8,714 41 4,122
Kentucky______________ 9,292 4,350 ' 18 819 13 1,300
Tennessee............................ 8,185 4,205 21 1,417 17 1,591
Alabama.............................. 11, 277 16,426 26 885 5 600
Mississippi................. ....... 3,040 1,068 30 603 6 ' 631
West South Central________ 62,522 35,848 86 4,669 57 6,944
Arkansas.---------- ----------- 4,240 3,540 8 321 0 500
Louisiana.------- ------------- 9,992 14,406 14 1,177 5 208
Oklahoma-.......................... 12, 539 5,853 14 C02 16 2,979
35,751 12,040 50 2,459 31 3,257
Mountain_______________ 20,271 18,048 48 2,368 16 4,012
Montana.......................... — 1,450 1,642 12 539 3 913
Idaho__________________ 1,381 447 8 281 1 178
985 873 1 33
Colorado.................-........... 10,212
2,320
Arizona. ____________ 1,523
Utah .............. -............... 2,254
146
Pacific...................................... 31,722
Washington____________ 8,131
Oregon________________ 3,616
California- ___________ 19,975
78
4,635
1,746
1,034
7,671
79, 589
6,427
88
73,074
16
2
4
6
769
66
198
492
69
24
9
36
5,137
1,400
563
3,174
6 1,463
4
2
69
19
6
44
473
995
10,973
3,536
1,068
6,369
1,189 512 3 720
1,563
6 409
12 592
Puerto Rico________ ____ 1,909 1,420
2 74
216
1In institutions of higher education.
2 Collegiate and noncollegiate in institutions of higher education.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Survey of Education, chapter on Statistics
of Higher Education pud chapter on Statistics of Commercial and Business Schools. 1932-34.
267706°— 41------16

122 EDUCATION
No. 1 2 9 . — R e s i d e n t i a l S c h o o l s f o r t h e B l i n d , t h e D e a f , t h e M e n t a l l y
D e f i c i e n t , a n d t h e D e l i n q u e n t — N u m b e r o f S c h o o l s a n d o f P u p i l s ,
b y S t a t e s : 1 9 3 6
UUNII AND FAR-
TIALI. Y-SEEIN G
DEAF AND HARD OF
HEA RING
MENTALLY DEFICIENT
DELINQUEN T
STATE
S ta te
schools
P r i v a t e
s c h o o ls
a
CO
S Ah
S ta t e P r i v a t e S ta te P r i v a t e S ta t e P r i v a t e
s c h o o ls s c h o o ls sch o o ls s c h o o ls s c h o o ls s c h o o ls
%
(n
w
w
a .S3
tn JS Vi
6
a
a 6
X
a
X
o
o
a X
&
X *3
o
6
a 3 ■s & •3 3
CO Ah GQ Ah m Ah CO Ah m Ah CD Ah
Continental U.S.. 43 4,713 1,138
A la b a m a .
A r iz o n a ..
A r k n n s a s .
C a lifo rn ia .
C o lo r a d o .
Connecticut.................
D e la w a r e ..........................
D l s t . of C o lu m b ia ..........
F l o r i d a . . - . _________ 1
G e o r g i a . . . . ................... 1
I d a h o . .
I llin o is .
I n d ia n a .
Iow a
K a n s a s .
Kentucky.............. 1
L o u is ia n a ............... 2
Maine.......................
M a r y l a n d ............................
Massachusetts.......... .
M i c h i g a n ...
M in n e s o ta .
M is s is s ip p i.
M i s s o u r i - . .
M o n t a n a . . .
N e b r a s k a ....................... 1
N e v a d a .................................
N e w H a m p s h ir e ............ .
N e w J e r s e y . . .....................
N e w M e x ic o ............... l
N e w Y o r k ...........
N o r t h C a ro lin a .
N o r t h D a k o ta ..
O h i o .......................
Oklahoma........
O regon.......................... i
P e n n s y l v a n i a ....................
R h o d e I s l a n d . ...................
S o u th C a r o lin a ......... i
S o u th D a k o t a ............ i
T e n n e s s e e .
T e x a s _____
U t a h , .........
V e r m o n t..
V ir g in ia —
W a s h in g t o n ..
W e s t V irg in ia .
W is c o n s in .___
W y o m in g _____
2 207
1 40
1 130
1 127
1 60
94
128
1 23
1 238
1 135
1 196
1 110
189
110
1 200
1 128
1 74
1 115
1 22
5 4
100
1 170
2 247
1 37
1 261
2 166
71
101
36
1 197
2 350
1 43
2" " l5 2 '
1 105
2 131
1 151
1 65
2
1
2
112
275
33
2 230
423
48 1 1 ,3 0 0 31 4 ,0 8 0 71 18,834 59 3 ,0 5 5 133 26,941 21 4 ,2 3 3
2 427 1 117 3 840
1 80 1 147.
1 311 10 2 215
1 309 1 33 2 380 3 98 3 823
1 212 2 0)
16 2 281
1 160
1 95 1 250 445 1 16 2 438
188
2 230 1 80
218 1 121 1 s i 4 785
1 258 1 131
3 696 1 8
1 284 1 70 4 568
1 80 114 1 24
608 80 2 708 5 220 2 761 1 20
1 444 2 . 775 1 5 2 705
1 367 2 704 2 33 2 703 1 45
.1 238 2 0) 12 2 389
1 351 233 120 1 374
1 242 1 51 173 1 5 0 2 108
1 114 389 2 271
1 180 3 03 268 2 53 3 473 4 1 ,1 8 0
4 453 4 985 4 64 7 1 ,1 4 9 1 22
1 476 1 49 2 1,103 2 52 2 823
1 314 1 13 2 1,105 5 772
1 182 1 0) 1 250
1 300 2 152 1 396 13 6 1,101
1 85 (0
2 180
1 194 216 0) 3 399
1 "
13
1 168
00
1 3 3 5 4 1,008 0 307 383 165
1 138 15
2 225
S 1, 7 1 0 G 2, 799 11 285 1 ,9 1 9 1, 397
a 471
238 6 952
l 133 237 1 210
l 456 1 102 3 1,020 4 1 ,4 0 5
2 456 . _______ 1 150 22 4 605
1 123 1 252 142
2 403 4 732 3 1,105 6 1 ,1 8 7 6 1,801 3
1 108 1 235 1 10 2 202
1 203 1 530 3 325
120 1 80 1 U 7
1 339 1 143 1 24 3 1, 270
2 639 2 462 6 1, 379
153 1 (0
1 128
07
1 132
2 252 110 3 42 4 702
1 147 1 702 2
2 320 1 81 3
1 231 i 65 2 587 2 325 2
1 (') . . . 2
263
467
457
111
1
125
94
029
■D a t a n o t a v a ila b le .
fJourco: Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Biennial Surrey of Education phantnr on
Statistics of Special Schools and Classes for Exceptional Children " 1 ouaptor °n

EDUCATION 123
No. 130.— S p e c i a l S c h o o l s a n d C l a s s e s f o e E x c e p t i o n a l C h i l d r e n —
E n r o l l m e n t f o e C i t y S c h o o l S y s te m s , b y S t a t e s : 1938
STATE
Blind
and
partially
seeing
Deaf
and
hard
of
hearing
ENROLLED FOR DAY SCHOOL CLASSES
Speech
defectives
Crippled
Delicate
Epileptics
Mentally
deficient
Truants
or behavior
problems
Moutally
gifted
Total
enrolled
•in
school
Enrolled
for
home
or
hospital
in -
struetton
Continental U, S. 7, 846 10, 848 124,840 13, 737 23,470 162 103,637 11, 568 2,842 '299,267 14, 424
9 09 293 115 480
15 42 57
California............. 435 1,699 12, 206 912 2, 688 2 0, 277 1, 988 844 i 27,152 2, 773
14 31 9CG 490 1,501
41 10 292 2,056 2,390 10G
448 448
08 2,701 87 124 1,223 338 4,601
24 30 '414 49 523 74
2 0 12 7 1 175 15 218 4
700 GG0 9,j atR %957 2J104 15 6,116 1,261 14,433 1, 564
45 238 1, 921 498 553 2,396 50 5,701
16 172 *271 136 26 1,344 1, 964 74
357 122 204 743
73 21 22 447 34 597 260
114 10 4, 000 92 371 i 4,628 366
M aine.-................ 12 159 14 48 G6 299 28
154 217 1 105 343 451 6,601 8,871 406
Massachusetts___ 433 1,842 4,667 113 279 8j 654 130 27 16,145 1,681
Michigan.............. 845 536 11,532 1, 711 3,697 128 6,983 995 373 26,699 654
232 183 3,794 427 124 2.438 14 7,212
104 155 1,470 344 374 1,360 612 4,419 387
111 88 109
203 2,831 191 3,225 40
39 156 195
220 979 0,684 032 279 4,868 619 14,281 523
New York_____ 2, 292 752 33,304 3, 249 8,772 14 19,233 084 45 i 68,356 2, 452
34 420 454
75 75
1,110 700 3,656 1,476 1,261 8,077 3,193 1,249 20,721 939
17 64 1,531 1,612 37
22 44 49 72 672 129 988 153
Pennsylvania....... 395 fiS4 18,801 528 817 2 12,721 701 04 i 34,760 663
43 1, 583 35 188 707 19 2,575 138
74 115 180
17 17
16 158 166 308 638 9G
170 104 298 86 658
102 337 210 646 59
57 57
60 29 87 395 939 18Q 1,709
149 138 1,033 53 2,585 381 4,330 453
‘ 150 150
132 550 9, 283 660 649 2,707 45 14,008 588
163 i 216
1Includes 317 undistributed by type: California, 201; Louisiana, 36; New York, 11; Pennsylvania, 17;
Wyoming, 53.
2 County unit system.
Source: Federal Security Agency, OJllco of Education; Biennial Survey of Education, chapter on
Statistics of Special Schools and Classes for Exceptional Children.

124 Ed u c a t i o n
No. 181.—V ocational Schools and V o c a tio n a l T each e r-T ra in in g C ourses,
Federally Aided— Number of T eachers and Students, by Class of
School or Course a n d b y Sex: Years E nded June 30, 1920 to 1939
N o t e .— Seo beadnote, table 134. Data f o r Hawaii are included b e g i n n i n g 1 9 3 0 , f o r Puerto U i e o b e g i n ­
ning 1936, and for Alaska beginning 1937
CLASS OF SCHOOL Oil
COURSE
TEACHERS
PUPILS
1920 1930 1 1937 1938 1939 1020 1930 1937 1938 1939
VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS
265,058 981,432 1,344,644 1,810,082 2,085,427
103i 228 603,514 701,273 ,001,164 1,145,322
101,830 377,018 553,371 808,918 940,105
Evening....................... 2,505 9,842 9,611 14, 024 15,980 73,122 322, 704 380,047 5G9,708 657,003
Part-time...................... 1,7711 5,408 8, 005 [0. 783 12, 519 122, 074 407, 285 373, 406 438,993 486, 551
A ll-d ay.............................. 3,331 9,245 15,322 20,402 24, 306 68,002 241, 486 579,220 783, 051 924, 372
319 504 874 710 9,957 11,902 18,330 16,001
31,301 183, 311 386,302 460, 876 538, 586
29,351 180, 490 369,701 458,806 536, 353
1,950 7,821 16,541 2, 070 2, 233
1,878 2.778 3,858 3,908 60,462 120,620 158,813 181,962
306 1,588 2^212 2', 321 4,104 29,090 42,900 51,693
All-day-....................... 1,570 4,346 6,121 6) 940 7,960 31,301 113,728 224,678 246,213 291,653
3 IS 664 666 620 9,957 11,902 12,950 13,378
184,819 618,154 580,805 685,804 715,239
Male............................. 133,872 422,575 416,340 565,068 538,794
50,947 195, 579 164,565 120,736 176,445
Evening....................... 1,779 6,030 4,348 5,023 5,504 48,354 164,867 126,291 163,319 156,464
Part-time, total.......... 1,036 4,081 6,323 7,483 9,035 115,241 381,898 295,844 338,282 362,410
Trade extension .. 350 1,747 4,003 4,887 6,744 17,159 45.601 150,411 183, 591 221,145
General continuation. 1,286 3,234 2,320 2,590 2,291 98,082 336,297 145,433 154,691 141,265
All-day....................... 1,047 3,054 4,992 6,071 7,609 21,224 71,389 159,770 184,203 196,365
48,938 174,967 377,437 627,394 741, 503
5 449 5,172 14,427 22,430
48,933 174,518 372,206 612,967 719,067
Evening...................... 780 2,934 2,484 3t 782 4,868 24,768 97,375 134,130 215,168 236,034
Part-time...................... 137 181 594 927 962 7,73J 21,222 48,52( 54,211 65,592
All-day......................... 714 1,845 4,20f 7,391 8,677 16,43; 56,36? 194,781 352,635 436,354
20i 9( 5,38C 3,523
VOCATIONAL TEACHER-
TRAINING COURSES
36,008 90,000
16,917 47,739
19,091 42,360
761 1,640 32,408 83,143
161 ‘ 201 3, coo 6,956
Total, all classes.............. 1, OSS >843 9 080 >1, 366 1,680 12,456 20, 738 3 23,378 31,444 40,798
Male...................... — 05" >51! *371 180( 1,07? 6,Q8i 12, 53' * 13,49? 18,7a 21.135
42 2 32c 330' 356( All 5,47 8, 20c 30,871 14, 6K 19, 663
291 195 ICC 34C 43E 2,31( 3, 32c 35,823 5,0013 5,037
T ra d e and Industry... 3K 334 231 44C 594 6,15 11, 20{ 39,196 11, 200 15,630
41* Bli 301 521 585 3,655 6,2Qi 38,35C 12,63' 12,133
Distributive occupa-
- 05 SI ......... 1,931 8,098
Other and not specified i .........
i Totals for teachers omitted because of duplications in State by types of schools.
>Excluding duplications.
i Includes the following numbers of students training in service (not reported separately for other years):
Total, 13,590; male, 8,000; femalo, 4,930; agriculture, 3,375; trade and industry, 0,355; home economics, 3,830.
Source; Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Digest of Annual Reports of State Boards for
Vocational Education.

EDUCATION 125
N o. 1 3 2 .— V o c a t i o n a l S c h o o l s a n d V o c a t i o n a l T e a c h e r - T r a i n i n g I n­
s t i t u t i o n s — E x p e n d i t u r e s U n d e r V o c a t i o n a l E d u c a t i o n A c ts : Y e a r s
E n d e d J u n e 30, 1920 t o 1939
CLASSIFICATION OF EXPENDITURE 1020 1930 1030 1937 1938 10301
EX PEN D ITU R ES FOR ALL SCHOOLS, EXCEPT TEACHER TRAINING
Total____________________ $0,888, 500 $27,405,498 $31,140,122 $34,045,445 $41,411,122 $48,443,318
From Foderal money_____ _____ 1,745,298 6.361.381 8,721,474 8,962,852 16,018, 628 17, 423, 803
From State money......................... 2,008,306 7,166.810 7, 630,646 7,893,382 8,013, 517 9, 252, 482
From local money............................ 3,134,896 13,877,307 14. 788,002 17,189, 211 17, 378,977 21,767, 033
Agricultural schools......................... 2,437,285 8.743.382 10, 327, 234 10,842,818 13, 600, 314 15,428,167
From Fedora! money.................. 889,886 3,173,624 3, 862,001 3,966,716 6, 107,590 6,638,380
From State money....................... 678,824 1,787,246 2, 039,397 2,168,014 2,188,733 2,442,136
From local money........................ 868, 575 3.782.512 4, 424,936 4, 70S, 088 5, 303, 091 6,347,651
Trade or Industrial schools............. 2,408, 919 8,814, 506 12, 434,178 14,156, 953 318115847 220,832,644
From Federal money................... 509, 385 1.718, 733 2,783,041 2,939,688 Hi, 046,142 26,301,254
From State money....................... 780, 568 2,538,657 3,700,849 3,656,131 H, 175, 219 24,612,056
From local money......... ............ 1,112, 966 4,557,176 5,950,288 7, 561,134 37, 894, 486 29,919,334
Homo economics schools................ 1,054,489 4,382,037 5,806,761 5,890,065 9,135,326 11,565,399
From Federal money................... 155, 768 678,226 1,428,801 1,442,323 3, 670,805 4,124,089
From State money....................... 329, 634 1,286,530 1, 358,614 1, 547, 286 1, 558,302 2, 106,434
From local money........................ 569,087 2,417,281 3, 019,346 2,900,456 3, 906, 219 5,334,876
Part-timo general continuation
schools....................................... 987,807 5.465.513 2, 571,950 3,155, 609
From Federal money.................. 100,259 790,798 646,732 614,125
From State money.................... 213,280 1, 564,377 531,786 521,951
From local money........................ 584,268 3,120,338 1,393, 432 2,010,533
Distributive occupational schools.
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
559,635
194, 091
91,203
274, 281
(3)
(3)
(3)
(J)
617,108
360,080
91,856
165,172
EX PEN D ITU R ES FOR TEACHER-TRAINING INSTITUTIONS
Total........................................ 81,646, 663 $2, 453, 400 82,286,046 $2, 343, 001 $3, 583,415 34,211, 531
From Federal money..................... 731,204 1,042.844 1, 027,450 1, 050,817 1, 718, 491 2,010, 751
From State money___ _________ 661,979 1,060, 338 974,089 1,008,167 1, 433, 235 1,681,738
From local money........................... 253,480 344, 219 284,507 289,017 431.689 519,042
Training teachers of agriculture__
From Federal money...................
From State money.......................
From local money........................
Training teachers of trade or industrial
subjects........................
From Federal money...................
From State money.......................
Fromlocal money........................
Training teachers of homo economics........................................
From Federal money...................
From State money.......................
From local money........................
Training teachers of distributive
556, 580
250,835
232,013
73,732
490,655
226, 765
210,199
53,601
599, 428
253, 004
210, 767
126,057
820.444
352, 636
364.893
108,015
770,802
342, 346
348, 343
80.114
856,155
347,863
353,102
155,190
756,323
335,079
326,897
94,347
731,141
336,770
325,262
69,109
798,582
355,601
321,930
121,051
788, 077
348,267
341,054
99,656
760,254
351,596
342,246
66,412
798,770
350,954
324,867
122,949
1, 202,898
570,642
496.689
135,567
1,143,631
540,895
463,096
139,640
1,153,491
552, 834
447,876
152,781
83,395
54,120
25, 574
3, 701
1,340,038
623,611
656,381
160,046
1,372,168
653,734
554,537
163,897
1,298,793
606,433
517,955
174,405
200,532
126,973
52,865
20,694
1Excludes additional expenditures from State funds amounting to $13,642, not distributed by class of
schools.
2 Includes expenditures for part-time general continuation schools. 123 Not reported separately.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Office of Education; Digest of Annual Reports of State Boards for
Vocational Education,

126 EDUCATION
N o. 1 3 8 .— V o c a t io n a l S c h o o l s a n d V o c a t io n a l T e a c h e r - T r a in in g I n s t i­
t u t io n s— T o ta l E x p e n d it u r e s P r o m F e d e r a l M o n e y , b y S t a t e s a n d
T e r r it o r ie s a n d f o r P u e r t o R ic o : Y e a r s E n d e d J u n e 30, 1020 t o 1939
STATE 0E OUTLYING AREA 1990 1030 1936 1837 1939 1930
Total.............................. sa, 476,603 87,404,223 $9,748, 924 *10,013,609 $17, 737,119 *19,434, 554
Alabama.......................... — 64,072 170, 491 243, 533 248,017 400,226 530, 855
Arizona_________________ 18,140 34, 310 45, 940 48.209 84, 700 97, 518
Arkansas................................ 43,616 133,793 184, 742 185,733 360, 702 410, 592
California............................... 70,477 230,129 414,792 415,907 743,388 801, 288
Colorado................................. 23,001 68,038 81,388 88,494 176,444 185,150
Connecticut.......................... 39.028 78,486 96,082 101,745 149,445 167,783
Delaware............................... 17,012 27,377 44,492 44,922 90,818 104,033
11,767 37,615
24,187 67,611 115, o n 118,483 230,087 239,926
Georgia.................................. 69,412 216,311 274, 939 274,972 687,723 606.138
Idaho...................................... 20,181 38, G76 54, 576 54,576 111.572 110,734
159,998 424,459 455, 467 498,846 828,621 874, 921
Indiana................................. 74,206 208,700 265,162 263,962 401,945 520, 328
54,940 173,097 173, 501 190,915 251,362 310,166
Kansas_____________ ___ 36,506 108,912 139, 526 150,042 193,986 247,081
Kentucky_____ _____ ____ 61,413 165,889 221, 251 231,587 324,397 415, 964
Louisiana... . ____________ 43,390 128,466 181,679 188,775 378,975 388, 217
19,672 44,470 52,269 56,001 84,479 99.267
Maryland..................... ......... 25,064 85,394 110, 751 111,698 214,919 232,978
Massachusetts............... ....... 100,881 241,496 274, 552 280,872 470,131 481, 550
Michigan............................... 82,749 264,335 367, 885 368,086 083,666 704,583
65,322 1 73.1G6 220,345 220,412 326,496 390,627
Mississippi.................... ........ 49,393 138,074 206,866 206,866 377,241 468,191
Missouri________ ___ ___ 74,626 240, 648 289,357 297,072 524,642 688,315
Montana-.-............................ 18,090 39,999 59,431 57,175 105,890 124,831
Nebraska................................ 33,202 88,866 107,151 116,574 183,054 210,692
Nevada................................... 13,849 24, 993 33,261 31,631 48,968 62,390
New Hampshire................. 10,913 28.107 38, 557 37,100 54,730 72,410
63,664 206, 848 268,309 268, 523 422,688 446,877
New Mexico........................... 19,144 35, 339 50, 231 53,047 106,600 115,918
191,061 080,030 845, 320 849.636 1, 489,971 1,490,036
North Carolina...................... 46,185 192,201 287, 886 303,787 584,146 641,040
North Dakota........................ 20,211 57,606 54, 274 66,433 102, 613 118,677
131,378 399,616 502, 692 604,040 860,543 886,002
Oklahoma............................... 30,361 150,820 214,088 217,723 302,972 461, 645
24, 071 58,381 81, 093 81,143 167,094 168, 515
Pennsylvania......................... 190,604 667,658 667, 700 718,280 1, 164, 568 1,299, 642
20,728 50,210 57, 525 56,82) 77,865 86,316
South Carolina....................... 44,252 126,656 170, 822 170,655 371,158 380,901
South Dakota........................ 10,872 ■44,212 51,915 GO, 844 05,006 108,721
46,477 175.463 241, 358 243,282 471,453 511, 473
90,740 339,279 516, 555 620,948 1,024, 249 1,063,112
Utah....................................... 10,962 37.718 48, 701 50,131 115,133 114, 983
17,602 35,827 38, 094 39,211 66,801 77. 343
Virginia.................................. 62,751 171,237 222, 720 222,714 418,314 476, 319
34,047 96.874 121, 607 125,561 226,302 236, 924
■ 28,609 91,180 116, 876 126,466 190,797 235,121
60,966 188.283 246,072 246,072 492,362 508, 024
Wyoming............................... 13,383 28,487 42,022 44,416 02,984 103,088
4,848 '9,862 7,407 11,511
30,686 45,871 45,870 94,384 98,937
Puorto Rico............................ 99, 820 102,623 145,185 297,021
Source; Federal Security Agenoy, Office of Education; Digest of Animal Reports of State Boards for
Vocational Education.

EDUCATION 1 2 7
N o . 1 3 4 .— V o c a t io n a l C o u r s e s , F e d e r a l l y A id e d — St u d e n t s E n r o l l e d ,
b y C l a s s, b y S t a t e s a nd T e r r it o r ie s a n d f o r P u e r t o R ic o : Y e a r E n d e d
J u n e 30, 1939
N o t e —-Institutions federally aided are reimbursed from Federal funds provided under the act known as
“ The Smith-Hughes Act," or the “ National Vocational Education Act of 2917,” and subsequent acts
extending the benefits of vocational education to Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico and providing for
the further development of vocational education. These aots, administered by the Office of Education,
provide appropriations for reimbursement in part from Federal funds for expenditures by States and local
communities for vocational education
DIVISION, STATE,
OR OUTLYING
AREA
VOCATIONAL OTHER THAN TEACHER­
TRAINING
Total
Agricultural
Trade Home
and industrial
economics
Distributive
VOCATIONAL TEACHER-TRAINING
Agri- Trado Homo Dis-
Total cul- and in- eco- tributural
dustrial nomics tlvo
T o ta l,------ 2,086,427 538, 586 715,239 741,503 60,099
New England......... 88,183 6,137 59,090 21, 229 1,677
Maine.................. 4,521 1,659 676 2,137 49
New Hampshire. 3,800 510 1,117 1,850 326
3,223 1,328 634 1, 261
Massachusetts... 60,466 1,516 43,883 13, 336 731
Rhode Island___ 3,990 619 1,832 668 571
ia , 194 505 10,948 1, 671
Middle Atlantic___ 324,012 30,811 222,991 56, 868 14,367
New York.......... 193, 283 13,405 149,121 22, 691 7,670
New Jersey........ 32,259 2,419 24, 621 4, 410 809
Pennsylvania-.. 08,470 14,807 49, 249 28, 452 5,872
East North Central.. 327,716 74,243 124,109 118, 058 11,305
Ohio.................... 73, 526 21,757 31, 854 18, 481 1,434
Indiana ----- 32,003 12,087 13, 279 24, 363 1,734
Illinois.............. - 57,957 16,200 23,192 17, 605 900
Michigan.......... . 67,386 8,800 28, 538 26, 309 3,729
Wisconsin.-. -. 76,784 14,700 27, 240 31, 300 3,448
West North Central. 178,201 57,443 35,312 76, 622 6,924
Minnesota.......... 28,875 12,453 5,312 10,923 187
Iowa-------------- 31,308 16,360 4,654 9,806 488
Missouri........... . 42,020 13,544 11,879 12,789 3,814
N orth D akota... 11,286 1,584 1,021 7,525 550
South D akota... 7,571 2,416 516 4,608 31
Nebraska............ 26,039 4,741 3,731 17,738 429
Kansas ............ 28,496 6,345 7,599 13,133 1,419
South Atlantic____ 346,942 134,431 71,037 127,862 13,812
Delaware.......... 0, Oil 938 2,434 1,897 742
Dist. of Columbia 2,029 729 905 395
Maryland-------- 16,030 3,171 7,083 5,187 589
Virginia.............. 43,554 17,255 8,427 16,341 1,531
West Virginia... 15,664 5,442 6,167 4,055
N orth Carolina.. 65,909 29,537 10,630 24,661 1,081
South Carolina.. 64,472 24,441 8,051 19, 642 2,338
Georgia. ............. 107,009 45,628 14,823 41,888 4,670
Florida................ 36,264 8,019 12,693 13,286 2,266
East South Central. 189,668 79,444 31,526 71,068 7,520
Kentucky........... 27,922 11,411 4,920 10,704 887
Tennessee.......... 56,327 24,820 9,652 20,034 1,821
Alabama............. 52,349 15,779 13,943 19, 792 2,835
Mississippi......... 52,900 27,434 3,011 20, 638 1,977
West South Central. 287, 085 104,864 47,815 125,280 9,136
A rkansas........... 45,317 23,827 3,770 16,042 1,678
Louisiana......... 50,751 18,577 8,316 23,202 656
Oklahoma........... 35,351 12,513 6,744 14,869 1,225
Texas 155, 066 49,937 28,985 71,167 5,577
Mountain................ 86,528 17,241 24,810 35,787 8,690
M ontana. .......... 8,059 2,317 1,672 3,530 540
Tdaho ........... 6,035 2,102 865 2, 321 687
Wyoming........... 7,036 1,091 1,403 2, 231 1,060
Colorado______ 27,870 3,260 13,307 9,658 1,645
New Mexico....... 6,203 1,415 1,204 2,627 957
5,057 1,240 1,004 2,813
U tah................... 23,383 4,809 3,781 11,682 3,211
2,886 347 1,514 1,025
Pacific ................ 221,132 21,605 98,161 89,488 16,878
Washington___ 27,674 6,127 10,476 10,901 170
Oregon .............. 13,154 3,288 2,818 5,991 1,057
California_____ 180, 304 12,190 79,867 72,696 16,651
946
897 49
12,073 % 057 2,103 7,913
Puerto Rico........... 25,102 10,320 2,388 12,394
40,798 5,037 15,530 12,133 8,098
2,768 179 2,102 353 35
201 100 101
07 13 32 52
34 21 13
2,054 36 1,835 148 35
373 9 325 39
10,368 528 3,616 1,196 6,028
6.603 134 1,094 400 4,975
889 114 578 189 8
2,876 280 1,944 607 45
7,458 601 3,019 1,862 1,976
458 139 147 172
817 203 209 316 90
1,666 660 1,005
4,281 239 1,858 '330 1,854
237 20 145 40 32
4,274 897 1,219 1,914 244
682 136 381 165
934 194 414 326
849 200 409 234 6
127 43 84 . . . . . .
275 69 15 191
421 209
986 43 705 238
4,158 685 1,835 1,810 128
62 8 29 19 6
211 131 80
460 35 368 47
468 94 305 9
430 lil7 30 273
629 210 182 237
910 117 344 422 27
998 88 657 167 86
2,640 830 592 1,136 82
552 180 136 227 9
516 113 138 223 42
930 335 252 312 31
642 202 66 374
3,884 577 709 2,371 227
328 83 48 185 12
810 197 127 419 67
892 119 206 419 148
1,854 178 328 1,348
1,668 660 484 556 08
116 42 74
100 85 15
570 00 278 175 27
131 50 31 18 20
68 19 23 26
619 343 25 251
04 10 42 12
3,268 18JL 1, 864 896 310
604 48 355 185 10
918 49 269 339 201
1,746 101 1,240 372 33
128 82 40
193 193
Source: Foderal Security Agenoy, Offloo of Eduoation; Digest of Annual Reports of State Boards for Vocatlonal
Eduoation.

128 EDUCATION
No. 135.—V o catio n al R e h a b ilita tio n op D isabled P ersons, by N um ber
A,Nb 13 v Oases on R o ll, by S ta te s an d por H aw aii and P u e r to Rico:
1930 t o 1939
accordance with ^ e Civilian Vocational Rehabilitation Act of June 2,1920, Congress set up a
° cooperation 'viLl: the States for the vocational rehabilitation of persons disabled in industry
m?nhS ? 1S!;n« W htv:end 0,.^ e ftsoaI V?8r 8 ,10 States, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, and Puerto
20I?,pt?39 1937 1938 m o i m o 1235 1936 1937 1938 19391
Total____ 4, 612 9,422 10s 388 n , 09i 9, a n 10,747 >20,394 40,941 41,726 42,055 47,843 532,463
Alabama______ __ . 170 214 172 174 248 2S4 1,082 1,099 1,087 774 1,082 739
30 44 67 70 72 62 55 216 281 282 297 207
Arkansas........................__ 45 93 76 77 81 74 431 768 434 431 531 465
California........................ 267 976 1,052 1,201 1,053 1,137 606 2,341 2,491 2,413 2,859 3,136
0 81 83 89 83 83 86 301 260 265 319 288
Connecticut..... .......... 87 74 75
Distriot of Columbia.. .. 260 246 129
Florida............. _.............. 22 101 114 162 162 1.94 361 405 500 588 520 480
Georgia,_______ ______ 114 201 m 27C 234 24! 464 1,054 1,166 1,223 1,020 656
15 40 55 00 48 52 102 101 181 150 193 179
Illinois............................. 283 695 662 1,079 910 995 >810 813 1,164 1,284 1,054 1,404
Indiana.......... ._.............. 140 322 486 22C m 175, 928 1,351 1,772 1,856 1,806 1,212
Iowa_____ _________ 71 Kb lie 133 102 104 290 409 442 456 526 577
Kentuokv_____ . . . 140 307 337 251 166 225 608 1,056 347 497 748 527
Louisiana.......................... 35 SI 112 126 143 165 271 013 854 1,316 1, 245 460
Maine............................... 23 69 56 52 48 48 139 210 105 162 ’ 160 152
M aryland,....... .............. 5 101 101 97 97 98 74 397 424 373 380 102
Massachusetts............... 132 151 188 144 162 175 361 658 662 781 872 093
Michigan........... .......... 283 1,111 980 917 469 513 876 3,003 2,790 1,018 1,659 1,002
Minnesota......... .......... 149 381 60 127 152 143 40C 761 2,034 2,430 3,144 1, 577
Mississippi....................... 139 110 187 Iflfl 138 188 809 1,652 1.222 1,276 1,270 1,032
Missouri______________ 80 170 250
4
314 393 0 92 395 707 890 602
Montana________ ____ IS 41 w 68 67 59 97 267 269 360 171 168
Nebraska........................ 53 47 64 62 Of 6c 14.4 227 210 254 266
Nevada...........................
260
1C 22 12 23 17 17 12 79 74 84 76 32
New H am pshire........... 47 31 U
New Jersey....................... 243 476 612 432 476 461 1,087 1,822 1,402 1,303 1,001 1,020
Now Motlwi. ‘ 14 31 35 32 2ft 27 73 115 118 101 112 78
Now York....................... 540 703 757 78C 57f 99! 1,821 2,428 2,80S 2,577 2,042 1,648
North Carolina..... ........... 72 23C 257 3ii 38£ 30C 72 2 1,243 1, 204 1,301 1,406 1,234
North Dakota................. 34 53 45 4C 4f 54 151 176 216 238 249 241
Ohio_________ ______ 471 472 464 479 361 442 971 1,052 1,107 909 1,219 022
Oklahoma_________ ___ 110 212 304 218 330 420 1,547 1,789 1.236 1,008 1,101 965
Oregon______________ u . 58 6( 91 8f 92 '54 201 376 411 481 224
Pennsylvania................... m 456 64( 831 981 955 1,71! 2,961 2,694 2,354 2,292 1 304
Rhode Tsland__________ s 24 51 31 40 47 53 132 158 181 108 87
South Carolina................. n 06 72 74 79 115 374 005 687 742 826 269
South Dakota.................. 12 30 36 40 21 26 69 1261 143 110 119 120
Tennessee___ _________ 124 163 177 17C 205 194 677 2,061 1,884 1,033 3,492 1,233
Texas________ _______ 12 210 25C 295 322 424 144 1,528 2,009 2,647 2,734 1,921
Utah_____ __________ 33 50 100 101 26 54 102 298 200 184 430 280
Vermont........................... 12
Virginia............................ 33 240 262 276 214 201 800 970 i, 012 1,199 1,403 775
Washington....... .............. 38 57 76 06 100 378 366
West Virginia_________ 103 119 114 134 162 120 289 389 707 660 471 340
Wisconsin____________ m 344 438 502 406 453 l,00fl 3. m 21973 2,943 3,076 2,400
Wyoming_____ __ ____ 28 67 62 65 25 18 139 198 208 169 132 91
7 18 30 7
23 103 06 301 967 273
1 Figures arc subject to slight corrections. * Includes 96 applications pending
3 The status of these oases on Juno 30, 1939, was as follows: In training, 14,639; In other preparation status,
1,491; training Interrupted, 3,626; awaiting placement after training, 6,461; awaiting placement after other
preparation service, 2,743; in employment, being followed up, 3,163.
1 Notreported. Closed, lack of State appropriation, 1926 to 1930.
Source: Federal Security Agenoy, Office of Education; Digest of Annual Eoports of State Boards for
Vocational Education.

6. PUBLIC LANDS
G e n e r a l N o t e .—An original entry is a first claim to a given tract of public land. Perfected entry is made
after required lapse of time and compliance with other conditions. A patent is a conveyance or grant of
land to a claimant who has made his perfected entry. By Executive orders of Nov. 26,1934, and Feb. 5,
1936, public lands were temporarily withdrawn from settlement, location, sale, or entry. Both orders,
however, were made subject to valid existing rights
N o. 1 3 6 .— P u b l i c a n d I n d i a n L a n d , E n t r i e s a n d P a t e n t s — A c r e a g e : Y e a r s
E n d e d J u n e 30, 1938 a n d 1939
CLASS
Total.......................................
Homesteads.......................................
Stook raising..................................
Enlarged.........................................
Reclamation...................................
Forest..............................................
Sec. 22891, et al_...........................
D eserts.-...........................................
Original
entries
1938 1939
Perfected
e n t r i e s
Patented
Original
entries
Perfected
entries
Patented
130,943 1,478,184 2, 324,872 301, 740 1,198,080 3,281,224
81,910
43,078
4, 507
15,756
611
17,958
696
1,417,398
1, 214,727
78,441
21,600
2,045
2,475
97,210
12,884
16,492
120
1.663.072
1.328.072
91,367
23,371
6,074
106,133
14,366
9,866
89
70,926
24,963
7,940
7,387
060
29,979
3,070
1,158, 268
1,015, 944
48,203
13,524
3,197
3,039
74,361
12,157
15,314
892
2,646 a 156,027
11,085 2,839
546 2,967 7,011
»819,842
Miscellaneous.................................... 45,145 21,205 84,926 64,707 2 ,0 8 6
137,426
1,467,714
1,268,213
76,555
17, 278
3,610
102,058
11,863
16,989
439
8 ,7 0 3 8,830
2,403
81,460,933
85, 514
226, 539
1Original act.
2 Includes 160,749 acres acquired by the State of California for State park purposes under act of June 29,1936.
• Includes souool section land patented to States under act of June 21, 1934:1938, State of Iowa, 072,060
acres; 1939, State of Montana, 1,298,700 acres.
N o. 1 3 7 .— P u b l i c a n d I n d i a n L a n d , E n t r i e s U n d e r A l l A c ts — A c r e a g e , b y
S t a t e s : Y e a r s E n d e d J u n e 30, 1926 t o 1939
N o t e .— Offices are not maintained in States where only small areas of public lands remain undisposed of!
entries in these States, if any, are made directly in the General Land Office (Washington, D. C.) and
figures are grouped under that heading in tbo following table. See also general note above
ITEM AND STATE
1926-1930,
total
ORIGINAL ENTRIES
1931-1935,
total 1936 1937 1938 1939
Perfected
entries,
1939
Patented,
1939
Total....................... 20,611,977 18,232, 143 425,834 124,530' 130,943 301,740 1,198,080 8,281,224
Public la n d ...-___ ____
rndian land___.....____
19.915,866
690, 111
19,770
34,552
1,907,087
125,143
1,796,051
2,071,887
88,010
17,754,108
477,046
(2)
40,118
2,900,417
M3,688
1,120,687
1,430,974
399,502
26,242
113,612
10,918
All homesteads............... 19,072,070 15,743,383 383,660 121,777
Stock-raising homesteads........................
16,357,627 13,723,337 326,331 74,909
Other entries_________ 1,630,907 2,488,700 42,178 2,763
Alaska_____ _________
Arizona______________
California___ ________
Colorado_____________
8,487
44,920
P)
15,737
52,968
12,634
10,967
3,863
13,480
127,494
3,449
81,910
43,078
49,033
7,905
11,028
297,107
4,543
24,963
230,815
1,126,783
71,297
70,026 1,158,268 1,467,-714
16,752
9,632
33,842
32,862 * 153,103 7,112
1,015,944
39,812
6,613
64,012
54,033
164,096
1,288,213
1,813,510
7,450
346,064
119,678
202,818
29,565
Pi
Idaho.............................. 971,117 704,352 31,083 8,577 .9,815 3,815 86,308 76,454
15,732

1 3 0 PUBLIC! LANDS
No. 138.— P u b l i c L and, H o m estead E n tr ie s —A creag e f o r U n ite d S ta te s ,
1868 t o 1939, and by S ta te s , 1921 t o 1939, f o r Y e a rs E n d ed J u n e 30
N ote.—See general note, p. 120
it e m a n d s t a t e
m i - m s , 1826-1930, 1981-1935,
total total total
ALL IIOMESTEADS
1936 1937 1988 1939
Original entries, total. _ 36,079, 61718,880, US 16,260,771 357, 467 110,921 78,461
Alabama..............
Alaska.................
Arizona-.............
Arkansas__ . —
California............
Colorado.............
Florida......... ......
Idaho............ ......
Kansas................
Louisiana............
Michigan........... .
Minnesota......... .
Mississippi........ .
Montana.............
Nebraska............
Nevada...............
New Mexico-—
North D akota...
Oklahoma...........
Oregon...............
South Dakota.—.
Utah....................
Washington........
Wisconsin.......... .
Wyoming............ .
General Land Office*.
51,
1,402,
216,
2,201,
4,368,
168,
1,842,
40,
14,
21,
47,
22,
4,528,
122,
281,
6,705,
128,
80,
2,118,
1,177,
1,456,
288,
IQ,
7,634,
i 0,770
88, 640
*1,727,107
125, 002
1,608, 383
1,528,44Q
86,305
027, 604
(0
i 5, 782
&J, 410
*1,80(1, 547
63,187
214, 709
3,023,088
67, 256
126, 871
727, 010
276, 205
*1,200,966
70,088
P)
,064,145
34, 063
(a)
38,660
1,124,034

PUBLIC LANDS 131
No. 14:0.— P u b l i c L a n d — T im b e r - a n d - S to n e , C o a l , M i n e r a l , a n d D e s e r t -
L a n d E n t r i e s — A c r e a g e , b it S t a t e s , t o J u n e 30, 1939
STATE
f k o m p a s s a g e o f a c t 1 t o j u n k so, 1939 IN YEAR ENDING J u n e 30, 1930
Timber
and
stone
Coal
Desert land
Mineral
Desert land
Timber
and other
Original Perfected stone tban Original
Perfected
coal1
Acreage of entries____
Alabama................... 43, 735 230
Alaska...................... 1,103
Arizona.................. . 2,943
618
Arkansas..................
13.866,088 004,448 32,833,380 9,966,029 892 7, B18 3,070 11,571
305,573
2,809,214
402,207
6,693 2,592,933 461,806 1,232 1,660
6,636
« 216,609
684
5,198,565
3,227,744
20,021
i, 072,443
1,069,129
300
097
884
418 2,047
619
Colorado.................. 160
Dakota Territory......
Florida..................... 109,194
Idaho..................... 3,277 3,119,749 l", 122,140 413 509 120 1,692
Michigan.................
Minnesota.................
Mississippi................
Nebraska..................
1,017,472
119
160,277
149,667
1,409,176
19,818
064,294
07
Novada............... 6,642
163
8,646
40
1,661
26,613
6,624
Now Mexico____
North Dakota........ .
Oklahoma.........
Oregon................ 10, 672
64,768 6,983,026 3,049,074 246 720
666,077
2,160,269
85,278
174,018
279,708
20,254
1,355
228
80 800
120
3,817,897
1,120,437 §51,088
388 1,180 1,000
South Dakota__
63,910 3,624 609,290 180,683
Utah.................. 3,236 76,828 1,513,639 491,028
1,040 40 1,612
2,174,411 64,894 998,578 136,551
65
Wisconsin............. 80,362
Wyoming................. 458,142 113,924 6,648,785 1,607,498 385 1,601
General Land Office.. 8,964 8
319
Number of entries. .. 108,024 4,417 159,966 64,396 12 127 25 87
Money payment, dollars 35, 610,504 11,992,602 7,901,883 9,667,531 4,590 30,436 768 10,872
1Dates of passage of original acts; Timber and stone, June 3,1878; coal, Mar. 3,1873; desert land, Mar. 3,1877.
2 No entries for coal land in 1039.
3 Includes 68,496 aores within Uto Reservation.
No. 141.— L a n d s P a t e n t e d o r C e r t i f i e d o n A c c o u n t o f R a i l r o a d a n d W a g o n -
R o a d G r a n t s — A c r e a g e , b y S t a t e s : Y e a r s E n d e d J u n e 30,1916 t o 1939
1010-m o ,
total
1921-1925,
total
1926-1930,
total
1931-1035,
total
1938 1087 1938 1939
Railway grants, total....... fi, 878,874 6,180,079 11,124,880 1284, 591 4,266 818 3,302 2, 403
120
350
1,163,775
California.................... 310,262
160
Utah
3,451,578
227
1,032,816
14,482
039
170, 011
1399,409
188,329
oni
208,604
100
1,005
102,108
80 73
40 19
484
1.044
510
5,220
5,744
240
1,704,549
515, 222
1,625,406
623
39,372
112,351
381,113
720
7,344
19,637
328
600
251,343
200
712, 504
344,121
70
23,986
160
166, 283
1, 405
14, 624
34,366
2,716
436
163,700
146,482
120
1,280
2,979
1,693
320
2,788
21,118
104,218
1,177
76,438
7
80
2,815
316
297
21,103
42
31, 685
14,847
3,700
3,010
3,159
90
883
62,530
3,155 727 1,838 1,905
871
240
040
91 474
1Figures for 1026-30 include 398,000 acres and for 1931-36,1,118 acres for Muscle Shoals (river improvement).
21931 only; acreage is for Muscle Shoals (river improvement).
Source of tables 140 and 141: Department of the Interior, General Land Office; Annual Report of the
Secretary and records in General Land Office.
18
480

132 PUBLIC LANDS
No. 142.— L a n d s P a t e n t e d o k C e r t i f i e d t o S t a t e s a n d C o r p o r a t i o n s f o r
R a i l r o a d , W a q o n - R o a d , a n d R i v e r - I m p r o v e m e n t P u r p o s e s — A c r e a g e :
1850 t o J u n e 30, 1939
State grants, total______ ____ 38,208.888
Illinois: Illinois Central_____________ 2,696,133
Mississippi, total___. _____ . . . . . . ____ 1,076,346
Mobile 4 Ohio.................................... 737,130
Vicksburg 4 Meridian.____________ 199,102
Gulf & Ship Island_______________ 139,113
Alabama, total________________ ;___ 3,147,407
Mobile & Ohio..................................... 1 *419,628
Alabama & Florida___ ___________ 399,023
Selma, Rome & Dalton........................ 458, 671
Coosa & Tennessee............................. 68,306
Mobile Si Girard.................................. 302,181
Alabama 4 Chattanooga..................... 664, 212
South & North Alabama..................... 445,558
Musoio Shoals (river improvement). . 400,018
Florida, total............................................ 2,218,706
Florida Central & Peninsular............. 743, 393
Florida & Alabama.............................. 100,691
Pensacola & Georgia.................. .......... 1,279,237
Florida, Atlantio 4 Gulf Central........ 29,384
Louisiana: Vicksburg. Shreveport & Pacifio.......................................................
373,057
Arkansas, total.............................. .......... 2,503,720
St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern. 1,326,124
Little Rook & Fort Smith................... 1,053,083
Memphis 4 Little Rock..................... 135,514
Missouri, total.........................-.............. 1.837,968
Southwest branch olthe Pacific road.. 1,161,285
Hannibal & St. Joseph......................... 611,323
Bt. Louis, Iron Mountain 4 Southern. 65, 360
Iowa, total....................... ........... ........... 4,920,023
Burlington 4 Missouri River.............. 389, 000
Chicago, Rook Island 4 Pacific—........ 1 483, 214
I 161,533
Cedar Rapids 4 Missouri River____ { * 922,898
I 244,023
Dubuque & Sioux Oity....................... 1 656,407
Iowo Falls & Sioux City............ .......... 683,057
Des Moines Valley (river-improvement
grant)___________ 840,171
Chicago, Milwaukee 4 St. Paul, formerly
McGregor 4 Missouri River.. 326,216
Sioux City 4 St. Paul_____________ 322,413
Michigan, total.___________________ 3,134,068
Port Huron 4 Lake Michigan______ 37,467
Jackson, Lansing & Saginaw_______ 744,256
Grand Rapids & Indiana---------------- 862,521
Flint & Pere Marquette___________ 613,169
Marquette, Houghton 4 Ontonagon.. 305,930
Ontonagon 4 Brule River__________ 34,227
Bay de Noquet 4 Marquette_______ 128,301
Chicago 4 North Western_________ 6X8,180
Wisconsin, total............... . ...... 3,662,322
Chicago, St. P aul, M inneapolis 4
O m aha (formerly W est W isconsin).
W isconsin R ailroad F a rm M ortgage
Land Co....................................................
Chicago, St. P aul, M inneapolis 4
Om aha (formerly St. Croix 4 L ake
Superior)___________ _____________
B ranch to Bayfield------ ---------------------
Chicago 4 N orth W estern___________
W isconsin C entral___________________
814,831
163,160
816,488
471,721
546,767
839,366
M in n eso ta, to ta l_______________________
S t. P aul, M inneapolis 4 M an ito b a'
(form erly first division, S t. P a u l 4
Pacific)__________________________ _
W estern R . R . (succeeded b y S t. P a n l
4 N o rth ern Pacific R . R . C o.)___
S t. P an l, M inneapolis 4 M an ito b a
(formerly S t. V in cen t extension of
th e St. P a u l 4 Pacific)..........................,
M innesota C en tral.................................
W inona 4 S t. P eter...................................
St. P a u l & Sioux C ity ..............................
St. P a u l & D u lu th .....................................
Southern M innesota, from a p o in t on
th e M ississippi R iver to H o u s t o n -
Southern M innesota E xtension (now
Chicago, M ilw aukee 4 St. P a u l) ...
H astings 4 D akota................................ . .
8,046,673
Includes 36,685 acres of th e C hicago, R ook Isla n d 4 Paoiflo R y .; 109,757 acres of th e C ed ar R ap id s
4 M issouri R iver R . R .; a n d 77,636 acres o f th e D u b u q u e 4 Sioux C ity R . R ., situ ated in th e old D es
M oinos R iver g ra n t of A ug. 8,1846, w hich s h o u ld h e d e d u cted .
* D eclared to b e 1 grant.
< See M innesota for original gran ts. „ _ „ „ „ „ „
< Leavenworth, Lawrence 4 G alveston in c lu d e s 180,937 acres a n d M issouri, K ansas 4 T exas 270,071
acres in th e Osage ceded reservation w h ic h are to h o d e d u c te d un d er decision of th e S u prem e C o u rt.
Source: Department of the Interior, General Land Office; Annual Report of the Secretary and records
. In General Land Office,

PUBLIC LANDS 133
No. 1A3.— L a n d G r a n t s ( I n c l u d i n g S c rip ) t o S t a t u s f o r E d u c a t i o n a l a n d
Other P u r p o s e s — A c r e a g e , b y S t a t e s a n d f o r A l a s k a , t o J u n e 30, 1939
N o t e .— T h is t a b le d o e s n o t in o lu d e d a ta fo r g ra n ts to S ta te s fo r ra ilro a d a n d w a g o n -ro a d p u rp o se s , etc.
(See tab le 142)
STATE
T o ta l
C om m on
schools
U niversities,
agricultural
colleges,
a n d other
educational
M iscellaneous
In stitu ­
tions
In te rn a l
Im provem
ents
(general
item s
only)
Sw am p
A ll other
203, 422, 714 98,632,429 17,034,059 1 8,991,060 11,489,244 64,866,804 7,530,635
2, 200, 70S 011,627 383, 785 181 600, 000 440,455 24,060
A la sk a ...................... 21,447, 450 21,009,209 438,250
10, 543, 673 8 ,093,150 840,117 500,000 1,101,400
A rk a n sa s ................. 9, 373, 033 033,778 106,080
600, 000 7,686,495 56.080
8,619, 200 5, 534,293 196.080
600, 000 2,190,509 108,378
4, 433, 808
180, 000
90, 000
21, 084, 606
270, 000
8,639, 555 2,963,098 386, 086 » 250,000 3 9 ,171
Illin o is ......................
I n d ia n a ....................
3,639,301
4,306, 293
3,032, 937
3,614,417
990,320
068,578
1, 000,679
2, 907,520
520.080
436.080
286.080
151,269
533,368
1, 016, 804
500, 000
500, 000
1,400, 004
1,250,231
1,106, 354
123,589
25,000
49,824
55,028
M a s s a c h u s e tts ___
N o w H a m p s h ire ..
352, 509
11,035, 740
210, 000
210,000
360, 000
8, 787, 733
8,374,121
5,021, 070
5,578,974
5,871,058
3,458,711
2,723,647
150.000
210.000
12,789,910
900.000
N o rth C arolina__
N o r th D a k o ta ___
270.000
3,163, 551
2,493,006
3,005,760
2,495,366
724,266
1,375,000
4,375,515
780.000
120.000
180,000
3,436,373
U ta h
300.000
180.000
7, 464, 497
150.000
800.000
5,844,196
300, 000
180, 000
556,141
150, 000
300.000
500, 160 564,000
3,044,471
150, 000
6,222,644
4, 139, 209
3,685,618 138,200 32,000 600, 000
78.080
180,000
00,000
975,307 182, ICO
600, 000 20,322,019 5,120
270, 000
330.000 22,509
807,271 256, 292
210.000
210,000
360.000
600, 000 9,472,177
1,021,867
2,874, 951
824,213
1,221,813
5, 108,258
2,730,951
2,061,967
286,080
212,100
348,240
370.080
388,721
136.080
136.080
150.000
210.000
1,346,546
990.000
270.000
336.080
600,120
1,050,000
136,166
780.000
120.000
180,000
366.080
100,000
32,000
12,800
500, 000
500.000
500.000
500.000
500.000
500.000
5,680, 270
4,706,130
3,347,373
3,432,441
1,209,516
80,880
1,253
48,640
184,079
69,680
12,800
8,711,324 760,000 1,082,046
3,309,360
a 250,000 82,076
1,019,072 26,332 24,216
>670,760
600,000 286,108 63,882
S o u th C a ro lin a .-.
S o u th D a k o ta ___ 2,733,084 3 250,640 85,569
W est V irg in ia___
2,376,391 336.080
150.000
3200,000 132,000
982,320 382,160
500, 000 S, 859,406 1,048,740
3,470,000 136.080 2420, 000
113,120
1 In c lu d e s acreage of g ran ts for "ed u catio n al and charitable” purposes, as follows: Id a h o , 160,000; N o rth
D a k o ta , 170,000; S o u th D a k o ta, 170,000; W ashington, 200,000. Includes also 669,000 acres g ra n te d to O klah
o m a fo r "ch arita b le , p enal, a n d publio b u ild in g ” purposes, and 290,000 acres g ra n te d to W y o m in g for
" c h a rita b le , educational, penal, etc.” purposes.
2See fo o tn o te l.
S o u rce: D e p a rtm e n t of th e In te rio r, G eneral L a n d Office; special report.

134 PUBLIC LANDS
N o . 1 4 4 .—Receipts XJndeb Mineral Leasing Act of F e b. 25, 1920: F rom
D ate of the Act to J une 30, 1939
STATE
T o ta l
1921-1934,
total
1935 1930 1937 1938 1939
Dollars Dollars D ollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
Total____________ 116,350,607 90,181,751 3,024,652 4,353,391 6,622.300 6,527, 114 6,741,333
A la b am a _____________ 192,223 156,371 11,838 6,476 7,586 5,113 5,839
A rizona .. .
785 305
1
480
C a lifo rn ia ...-_________ 38,148,150 24,575,989 1,984,604 2,351,833 3,107,988 3,422,606 2,705,140
C olorado____- ________ 1, 501,934 878,929 98,668 121,998 144,814 122,457 135,168
Id a h o _____ ___________ 39,837 27,093 3,749 3,856 3,137 1,674 326
K a n sa s_________ _____ 220
40
180
L o u isia n a......................... 471,738 66,918 8.898 6,204 64,668 247,807 77,243
22
OO
M o n ta n a !____________ 2,618,226 2,022,676 83,460 97,326 106,317 96,704 112,744
140
140
N e v a d a -_____________ 10,530 9,416 640 160 160 160
1
N e w M exico—................ 3,040,103 819,617 245,645 322,362 521,311 804,740 832,718
N o rth D a k o ta ............... 346,387 225,991 25,188 23,741 22,823 25,051 23,601
21
21
S o u th D a k o ta ................. 5,533 2,502 426 270 427 451 1,366
U ta h ................................... 1,322,904 748,688 69,974 112,361 139,360 121,980 130,740
04,300 63,399 542
350
W y o m in g ____________ 08,181,308 60,683,944 1,391,221 1,307,804 1,603,743 1,670,358 1,716,299
N o. 1 4 5 .— P ublic Land, Withdrawals and Restorations for Specified
Purpose—Acreage: 1927 to 1939
N o t e .—T hese figures cover w ithdraw als and resto ratio n s (or purposes show n only. T h e y do n o t include
n atio n al forests (sea tables in' sec. 29, F o rests a n d Forest P roducts), national parks, w ith d raw als
u n d e r th e reclam ation act, or sm all m iscellaneous reservations
C oal land
W ith d ra w a ls o u ts ta n d in g
J u n e 30—
1027 _______ - ................. 30,635,330
1928-......... ....... - ..... .............
1029___ - ...............................
1930.........................................
1931...............................- ____
1032.........................................
1033.........................................
1 9 3 4 .....................................
1035.........................................
1036.........................................
1937.........................................
1938 ..
1930.........................................
29,940,372
20,883,366
20,826,446
29,005,974
29,070,864
28,213,468
27,277,025
26,076,775
26.071.813
26.971.813
26.071.813
26,757,028
139, 416
O il la n d
5,273,302
5,275, 236
6.183.006
5.183.006
5.269.420
6.250.420
‘ 5,155,016
5,156,016
■6,188,503
>6,108,593
■5,168,503
■5,168,503
>4,850,164
P h o sp h a te
land
2,307,919
2,031,306
2,006,045
2.004.705
2.004.705
2,004,765
■1,889,472
1,889,456
1.889.601
1.880.601
1,889,601
1.889.001
1.889.001
Potash
land
7,548,637
7,548,216
9.411.939
9.411.939
9,411,900
9,411,906
9.411.006
9.411.006
9,414,460
0,411,906
9.411.006
9.411.006
9,411,000
P o w er-site
re s e rv e 1
4,916,131
4,994,937
5,079,487
6,118,942
5,077,532
4,949,421
4,910,683
5. 147,654
5,165,267
5, 180, 547
5,267,722
5,847, 583
5,362,718
1,789
214,454
1,170,455
24,833
729,038
422,760
R eservoir
sites
253,608
254,528
264.050
264.050
254.010
254.010
264.010
254.010
254.010
254.010
264.010
254.010
254.010
P u b lic
w a ter
reserve
302, B21
302,876
405, 231
410,339
427,774
437,220
471,401
480,708
402,848
495,028
400,083
407,113
409, 808
17
23,340
17, 603
4,142,233
1,178, 392
215,370
90,324 46,226 210,463
12,618
F lo rid a .......................................... 66,790
11, 520 276,239
60S, 022 19, 842
408,900
M ich ig an .............. .................___ 1,240
M in n e so ta ............ .................—.
12,309
0,044, 408 1 ,338,607 280,089 297,199 9,080 12,038
7G1
N e v a d a ...,.................................. 83, 673
39,422 62,696
17,001
N ow Mexico.................... ........
9,282,160. 244,972
15,040
4,119, 616
6,954,364
4,361
S o u th D a k o ta ......... ..................
U ta h ....................... ..................... 3,404, 043
691,801
W isconsin:____________ - _____
84,304
H ew w ithdraw als during
y e a r e n d ed Ju n e 30—
1937..................................
1938.......................................
1939
Restorations of la n d previously
w ithdraw n, y e ar
e n d e d Ju n e 30—
1037
1038
1030 01A WM SflQ. 430
■1,035,034 277,344 649,612
252,682
17
663,940 18,003. 88,797
240
26,040 40,321
36,327 1, 280
2,143,991 641,777 989,133 104,139 118,734 101,807
89,862
87,680
15,382
2,687
7,819
247
1, 335
1,600
4,200
280
070
1,810
1 Includes d a ta for w ith d raw als u n d e r act of Ju n o 25,1910, power-site designations un d e r acts of J u n e 20,
1010, a n d J u n e 9,1916, a n d pow er-site classifications u n d e r act of M ar. 3, 1879.
s A djusted.
» In clu d es 13,578 acres w ithdraw n as h eliu m reserve.
Source of tables 144 and 145; Department of the Interior* General Land Office; Annual Report of the
Secretary and records in General Land Office,

PUBLIC LANDS 135
N o . 1 4 6 .— P u b l ic L a n d s, U n a p p r o p r ia t e d a n d U n r e s e r v e d — A c r e a g e , b y
St a t e s ': J u n e 30, 1890 t o 1939
N ote.—Public lands outside Alaska were withdrawn from all disposition with certain exceptions by Executive
orders issued in 1934 and 1035, in furtherance of the Taylor Grazing Act and for conservation and
development of natural resources, Figures exclude unappropriated and unreserved public lands in
Alaska estimated at 323,000,000 acres on Apr. 30,1938
STATE 1890 1900 1910 1930 1030 19381 1939
Total..........
Alabama.........
Arizona_______
Arkansas__ .
California_____„
Oolorado______
Florida___ ____
Idaho.......—___
Kansas_______
Louisiana............
Michigan............
Minnesota....... „
Mississippi.........
Missouri.......... —
Montana............
Nebraska______
Nevada— - ___
New Mexico.__
North Dakota__
Oklahoma...........
Oregon.,_____
South Dakota__
Utah..................
Washington........
Wisconsin..........
Wyoming...........
a 586,216,861 2557,643,120 343,871,674 200,320,128 178,979,446 177,336,354 176f 352,237
I, 105,000 359,250 108,210 37,200 (4) 15,640 15,640
49,699,052 50,280,986 41,401,369 18,268,909 15,180,880 13,879,323 13,827,154
4,902,329 3,403,444 512,705 276,596 190,969 142,240 142,240
53,922,718 42,467,512 24,864,884 19,585,801 10,623,488 16,330,029 17,322,713
39,994,446 39,650,247 21,726,102 8,941,185 8,027,468 8,104,597 7,746,563
5,624,426 1,696,411 453,000 120,077 18,897 10,200 10,200
46,957,290 43,286,694 24,743,804 8,805,112 10,617,970 12,077,498 11,722,178
6,000
755,791 I, 196,900 137,180 4,346
880 8S0
1,358,853 442,224 88,911 14,240
3,400 . 3,400
832,707 430,483 107,890 73,823 I 3,960 3,960
6,013,554 4,696,203 1,563,302 256,297 189,845 31,160 81,160
1,407,480 285,804 47,068 33,360 m
6,320 6,320
1,151,463 337,946 2,510 18 «
480 480
64,807,827 67,963,057 30,015,943 5,973,741 5,601,877 6,217,045 5,811,572
II, 226,584 0,798,688 1,879,486 66,844 22,628 17,500 17,500
50,804,540 61,277,506 66,474, 688 64; 287,175 51,454,493 52,340,582 51,789,780
56,360,326 56,541,170 36,454, 602 18,448,878 15,664,121 13,772,695 11,730,620
30,497,400 18,726,230 1,410, 225 81,044 146,506 83,207 87,487
43,694,693
5,733,572 5,007 7,404 (

7. CLIMATE
No. 148.—C lim atic C onditions on S elected C ities, by M onths
Note.—The table presented herewith shows the more important facts concerning the weather at a number
of points in continental United States and outlying aroas solocted with a view to covering all the important
climatic sections. The temperature extremes include the entire period of observations to Dec. 31,
1939. Other data are standard normals or long-time averages covering periods ranging up to 50 years
or more. Average hourly wind velocity data are reduced to true velocities. Temperatures are Fahrenheit
STATION Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. M ay Tune July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Annual
ALABAMA, MONTGOMERY
Temperature:
Daily mean maximum........
Daily mean minimum.___
Highest on record-_______-
48.2 61.6 57.8 66.3 73.4 79.6 81.7 80.8 70.3 66.6 55.8 49.4 66.5
57.8 00.7 68.0 75.6 83.3 89.8 90.9 89.9 86-4 76.5 68.4
40.2 42.4 48.3 65.1 63.1 70.2 72.4 71.9 67.5 50.3
66.1 .75.3
46.1 40.8 50.2
81 84 90 92 99 106 107 103 106 96 80 818 107
5 -5 . 20 30 43 48 61 68 46 31 18 —5
Precipitation:
Total, inches.-___ . . . . ___ 6.20 5.45 5.99 4.30 3.84
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 11 10 10 8 9
Total snowfall, Inches 0.2 0.3 (>) w 0
Percentage of possible sunshine
51 54 62 68 71 72 04 67 69
3.80 4.80 4.23 2.09 2.46 3.23
110 120 110 80 6 7
0 «
4.84
10
0.3
61.19
113
0.8
69 04 40 64
Number of clear days -........... 9 9 12 13 13 S s 9 13 16 14 10 134
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 7.0 7.8 7.0 7.4 6.6 6.3 6.1 6.5 0.3 6.4 0.7 7.1 0.8
ARIZONA, PHOENIX
Temperature:
Monthly mean.............. ...... 51.2 66.1 60.7 07.0 76.0 84.5 89.8 88.5 82.7 70.0 59.7 52.0 09.7
Daily mean maximum......... 04.9 09.0 74.5 82.4 90.7 101.2 103.3 101.3 97.2 86.4 74.7 05.3 84.2
Daily mean minimum____ 38.5 42.7 47.0 62.0 60.0 69.2 77.2 75.9 09.1 50.1 45.2 39.1 50.1
84 92 95 103 114 118 118 115 112 105 96 82 118
Lowest on record . 10 24 30 35 30 4H 03 58 47 30 27 22 16
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 0.80 0.77 0.68 0.40 0.12 0.07 1.07 0.96 0.76 0.47 0.70 1.00 7.78
Days with 0.01 Inch or more. 4 4 4 2 1 1 6 6 3 2 3 4 39
Total snowfall, inchos___ _ )
B o (1)o
Percentage of possible sunshine________
_________ 46 03 72 83 88 94 96 90
9 12 14 It: 21 26 28 23
Hourly wind velocity, miles— 5.4 8.0 0.2 7.2 7.9 8 .2 7. aj 7.2
186
iTrace.
s Less than 1 day.
64.0
78.6
51.2
100
54.2
06.0
43.3
86
35 27
46.2
54.9
38.3
70
18
0.21 0. 57 0.93 1. 45
1 2 40 7
0 0

CLIMATE 137
No. 148.— C l i m a t i c C o n d itio n s , E t c . — Continued
S T A TIO N Jan. Peb Mar. Apr May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dee. Annual
C A L IF O R N IA , LO S A N G E L E S
Temperature:
M onthly m e a n ................... 54. £ 55. 6 57.5 59.4 62.2 66.1 70.2 71. 1 69. C 65.3 60.0 56.6 62.4
Daily mean maximum......... 64.6 (IK. B C7.4 69.6 71.7 76.4 81.2 82. C 80.4 76.2 72,7 66,8 72.9
Daily mean minimum____ 45.7 4(1.4 48. G 50.6 53.4 56.6 59, II 60.7 58.7 54. s; 50.0 47.5 52.9
Highest on record................. 9( 92 at IOC 103 105 IOC 100 108 102 OR 9 ? 109
Lowest on record................ 2i 2 t 31 3C 4C 4C 4S 41 4 4 4C 34 3C 28
Precipitation:
Total, inches___________ 3.1C 3.07 2.78 1, 04 0.45 0.08 0.01 0. 02 0.17 0. G£ 1. 2C 2.6c 15.23
Days with 0.01 inch or more. (i 6 6 4 2 1 (>) w 1 2 3 (! 37
Total snowfall, inches_____ (>) o 0 c 0 c c ( 0 C « CO CO
Percentage of possible sunshine...................................
7( OS G£ as 6S 7t 71 7t 77 76 n 7i 73
N um ber of clear d a y s - ................. 15 12 IS 12 11 IS 1C 15 17 17 i t 17 179
H ourly wind velocity, miles.. 6.2 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.7 5,0 6.2 6.1
C A L IF O R N IA , S A N D IE G O
Temperature:
M onthly mean................. . 54.2 55.1 56.7 58.5 60. £ 63. £ 67.2 68.7 G7. 1 63,7 59.7 66. ( 61.0
Daily mean maximum__ _ 62.5 62.9 64.0 65.3 66.3 69,2 72.5 74. C 73. C 70.5 68.4 04.5 67.7
D aily mean minimum......... 46.6 48.1 50. C 52.7 55.0 50. C 62.5 63. t 61.5 56, £ 51.8 48.4 54.8
Highest on record........ ........ SB 89 99 06 % 9E lOt 95 11C 0f 91 Hi 110
Lowest on record.............. 25 34 36 30 45 5C 54 64 5C M 30 32 25
Precipitation;
Total, inches..................... 2.06 % n a 1.72 0.77 0.35 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.08 0.54 0.7f 1.87 10. 30
D ays with 0.01 inch or more. 7 7 7 4 3 1 1 1 1 s 4 t 4 6
Total snowfall, in ch es____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c 0 0 C c 0
Percentage of possible snnshine....................................
68 66 67 68 6(1 62 68 71 72 71 77 71 68
N um ber of clear days.............. 15 13 18 14 12 13 10 18 18 14 1& 17 m
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 6 . 2 6.7 7.1 7.3 7.3 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.3 6 . 1 6 . 1 6.7
C A L IF O R N IA , S A N FRA N CISC O
Temperature:
M onthly mean..................... 49.9 52.2 54.2 55.0 50.8 58.5 58.5 59.1 60.9 60.5 50.3 51.3 56.1
Daily moan maximum......... 55.0 58.4 60.7 62.2 63.4 66.fi 65.1 05.3 68.3 67.8 62.8 5 0 . 2 0 2 .6
Daily mean minimum......... 44.7 47.0 48.2 49.3 50.6 52.2 52.8 53.3 54.6 53.7 50.6 40.3 50.3
Highest on rr>or>rd 78 8fl 86 89 97 100 09 92 101 96 S3 14 101
Lowest on record , 29 33 33 40 42 46 47 46 47 43 38 27 27
Precipitation:
Total, inches...................... 4.54 3.85 3.14 1.61 0.80 O .lfi 0.02 0. 01 0.46 1.12 2 .35 3.95 22.02
Days w ith 0.01 inch or more. 11 11 10 6 4 2 w > 2 4 7 10 07
Total snowfall, inches_____ (>) 0.1 ( 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.3
Percentage of possible sunshine.,..................................
53 57 63 71 71 75 69 63 70 70 63 56 66
N um ber of clear days.............. 11 10 12 14 15 17 15 13 1 6 16 14 11 164
H ourly wind velocity, miles.. 7.6 7.8 8 . 7 9.7 10.6 11.2 11.5 1U.9 9.4 7.9 7.1 7.3 9.1
C O L O R A D O , D E N V E R
Temperature:
M onthly mean...................... 29.8 32.7 39.3 47.1 56.2 66.3 72.2 70.7 62.0 51.2 39.8 32.3 50.0
D aily mean maximum.. . . . 42.8 44.8 51,4 59.7 68.8 80.2 85.6 84.3 76.5 64.6 52.5 44.3 63.0
D aily mean minimum........ 18.3 20,0 27.1 35.3 4 4 .4 53.4 59.3 58.1 49.1 38,1 27.6 2 0 . 2 37.7
Highest on record................. 76 77 82 86 92 9 9 102 105 97 90 79 74 105
Lowest on record.................. -29 -25 -11 4 19 32 42 40 21 - 2 -18 -25 -29
Precipitation:
Total, inches......................... 0.4Q 0.53 1.04 2.06 2,21 1.38 1.68 1.43 0.99 1.05 0.66 0. 73 14.05
Days w ith 0,01 inch or more. 4 6 8 9 10 8 9 9 6 6 5 5 8 6
Total snowfall, inches.......... 4.8 7.9 10.7 9.0 2.0 M 0 0 0.8 4.5 6.5 9.0 56.1
Percentage of possible sunshine.....................................
68 67 64 63 0 0 69 68 66 70 70 67 65 66
Num ber of clear days.............. 15 12 10 9 8 12 11 11 15 16 15 14 148
H ourly wind velocity, m iles.. 7.6 7.7 8.2 8.4 7 .7 7.4 6.0 6.0 6,7 7.0 7.8 7.2 7.4
C O N N E C T IC U T , H A R T F O R D
Temperature:
M onthly mean..................... 25.5 27.2 35.0 46.7 57.6 67.4 71.6 68.9 61.7 51.2 39.5 29.8 48.5
Daily moan maximum......... 35.9 35. 2 45.5 56.9 68.7 77.3 82.0 79.7 73.4 63.1 49.9 38.0 58.8
D aily mean minimum......... 20.7 19.1 28.7 38.3 48. V 57.5 63.3 00.9 54.5 43,9 34.5 24.2 41,2
Highest on record............... 70 69 82 91 94 08 101 lUU 95 91 77 07 101
Lowest on record____-........ -12 -15 4 11 32 40 48 43 32 24 6 - I S -18
Precipitation;
Total, inches......................... 3.94 3.83 3.90 3.36 3.60 3.08 4.37 4. 29 3.49 3. 52 3. 55 3.97 44,00
Days w ith 0.01 inch or mure. 12 10 11 12 12 11 10 10 9 9 10 10 126
Total snowfall, inches.......... 11.0 13.8 6.2 1.4 m 0 0 0 0 ( 0 2.1 8.6 43.1
Percentage of possible sunshine.....................................
46 55 55 53 56 57 57 56 53 53 45 43 52
N um ber of clear days.............. 9 10 11 » 10 10 9 10 11 12 8 9 118
H ourly wind velocity, miles.. 8 . 6 8.7 9.1 9.1 8.5 7.8 7.6 7.2 7.1 7.6 8.3 8 . 1 8 . 1
1 Trace. * Less than 1 flay.
267706°— 41--------11

1 3 8 CLIMATE
N o . 1 4 8 .— C l im a t ic C o n d i t i o n s , E t c .— Continued
STATION J a n . F e b . M a r. A p r. M a y J u n e J u ly A u g . S e p t. O c t. N o v . D e c .
A n ­
n u a l
DELAWARE, WILMINGTON 3
T e m p e r a tu r e :
M o n th ly m e a n ............................ 33.1 32.6 42.3 52. 3 63.0 71.5 76.3 74.0 68. 2 56, 8 45.6 35.0 5 4.2
D a ily m e a n m a x im u m .......... 40. 6 40. 5 51. 6 62.9 73.7 81.8 85.8 83.4 7 7 .4 66. 2 53.7 42.3 63.3
D a ily m e a n m in im u m ............ 25.0 24. 6 32.9 42.0 52.4 61.1 60.7 64.8 58.7 47. 5 37. 4 27.8 45.1
H ig h e s t o n r e c o r d -................... 71 78 80 97 98 102 106 107 98 90 78 70 107
L o w e s t o n r e c o r d ....................... - 1 0 - 1 5 6 11 31 41 49 47 33 23 11 - 7 - 1 5
P r e c ip ita tio n :
T o ta l, in c h e s ............................. 3. 47 3. 26 3. 53 3.48 3.58 3.91 4.96 4.88 3 .66 3.09 2.99 3. 52 44.33
D a y s w ith 0.01 in c h o r rao ro . 10 9 10 9 10 9 9 10 7 6 8 9 106
T o ta l s n o w fa ll, in c h e s ............ 0.2 6.7 3.5 0.9 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0 .6 4 .3 22.3
N u m b e r of cle a r d a y s .. . . . 13 13 15 15 16 16 17 16 16 18 14 13 182
D. C., WASHINGTON
T e m p o m tu rc :
35. 3 42. 6 53.3 63. 7 72.2 76.8 75. 0 68. 1 57.4 45. 2 30. 6 55. 0
D a ily m e a n m a x i m u m ........... 42.2 43. 5 5 2 .3 63.5 74.5 82.4 8 6.6 84. 1 7 8.2 6 7.0 54. 4 44. 3 6 4.4
D a ily m e a n m in im u m _____ 20. 7 27.1 34.4 43.6 54.0 62.9 67.7 65.8 59.3 47.4 37.3 29.1 46.3
H ig h e s t o n re c o rd - .................. 77 84 93 95 97 102 106 106 104 93 83 74 106
L o w e s t o n re c o r d ....................... - 1 4 - 1 5 4 15 33 43 52 49 36 26 11 - 1 3 - 1 5
P r e c ip ita tio n :
T o ta l, in c h e s ................................ 3. 55 3. 27 3. 75 3. 27 3.70 4.13 4.71 4.01 3. 24 2. 84 2. 37 3. 32 12.16
D a y s w ith 0.01 in c h o r m o re . 11 10 12 11 12 11 11 11 8 8 9 10 124
T o ta l sn o w fa ll, in c h e s ____ 6.3 0.1 3.9 0, 5 (>) 0 0 0 0 o ) 0 .7 3 .4 20.9
P e rc e n ta g e of p o ssib le su n -
s h ln o .................................................. 46 53 55 58 61 63 64 61 62 61 53 47 57
N u m b e r of c le a r d a y s ................ 9 9 10 10 11 11 11 11 12 14 10 10 128
H o u r ly w in d v e lo c ity , m ile s .. 7.9 8 .5 8 .9 8. C 7.2 6.5 6 .2 6.0 6 .0 6 .7 7 .5 7 .5 7 .3
FLORIDA, JACKSONVILLE
T e m p e r a tu r e :
M o n th ly m e a n _____________ 58.0 62.6 68.7 75.0 79. 9 82.1 81.7 7 8 .3 71.1 62.2 50.3 69.3
D a ily m e a n m a x i m u m ... ... 64.8 66. V 72. C 77.4 83.4 87.9 89.9 89.4 8 5 .6 78.3 70.8 65.2 7 7.0
D a ily m e a n m in im u m _____ 47.5 49.1 54.1 59. 9 66.4 71.9 73.8 73.7 7 1 .5 63. 5 54.1 47.9 61.1
H ig h e s t o n re c o rd ...................... 83 86 91 92 99 101 104 101 99 95 86 83 104
L o w e s t o n re c o rd ...................... 15 10 26 34 46 54 65 64 49 37 26 14 10
P r e c ip ita tio n :
T o ta l, in c h e s ................................ 2. 8C 2. 97 2. 01 2. 38 4.02 5.33 6.71 5.81 7 .3 5 4. 46 1. 98 3. 02 49. 74
D a y s w ith 0.01 in c h o r m o re . 9 8 £ 7 9 13 15 15 13 10 7 8 122
T o ta l s n o w fa ll, in c h e s ______ w w o 0 0 0 Q 0 0 0 C M C‘)
P e rc e n ta g e of p o ssib le su n -
s h in e ................................................. 56 59 6£ 73 71 65 64 65 62 59 62 53 63
N u m b e r of c le a r d a y s ............... K 1C 1? 13 12 8 8 8 9 12 13 11 127
H o u r ly w in d v e lo c ity , m i l e s . . 9.1 9.5 9.7 9.6 9.1 8.8 8 .6 8 .2 8 .6 9 .2 8 .9 8.9 9 .0
FLORIDA, MIAMI
T e m p e r a tu r e :
M o n th ly m e a n ........................... 00. 5 67.3 70.2 72.1 76.4 80. C 81. C 81.4 80. 1 77. C 71.8 68. C 7 4.4
D a ily m e a n m a x im u m ........... 74.4 74. t 70.7 79. £ 8 2 .7 85.4 87.1 87.4 8 6 .2 83. C 77.6 75.3 8 0.9
D a ily m e a n m in im u m ........... 02.1 61.4 63. b 67. 7 71.5 74.6 76.1 76.5 75. 6 72. £ 66.4 63. C 6 9.3
H ig h e s t o n re c o rd ...................... 8f 88 92 91 94 94 90 96 95 93 8b 91 96
L o w e s t o n re c o rd ....................... 21 27 3' 45 5( 01 66 67 62 52 30 3( 27
P r e c ip ita tio n :
T o ta l, in c h e s ................................ 2. 52 1. 8c 2.17 3.01 6. 22 6.86 5. 42 6.17 8. 34 8. 44 2.91 1.69 55. 66
D a y s w ith 0.01 in c h o r m o re . ' 7 7 8 12 IE 15 10 18 10 It 7 137
T o ta l s n o w fa ll, in c h e s ............ ( ( ( C ( ( ( ( C t C t 0
P e rc e n ta g e of p o s s ib le s u n -
s h in e .................................................. 66 71 7i 71 67 61 67 G£ 64 63 64 67 67
N u m b e r o f c le a r d a y s .............. 11 11 12 1( 7 5 6 5 7 I It 97
H o u r ly w in d v e lo c ity , m i l e s . . 9.7 9.7 10.0 9.9 9.4 8.4 8.2 8 .2 8 .8 9. f 10.7 9 .3 9 .3
FLORIDA, TAMPA
T e m p e r a tu r e :
M o n th ly m e a n .......................... GO. 1 61.1 66.8 70.1 76.1 80.2 81.2 81.5 7 0 .; 74.3 66. { 61.1 7 1 .8
D a ily m e a n m a x im u m _____ 70.2 71.5 76.: 80.' 85.1 88.6 89.1 89. 7 8 8.2 82. ( 75.1 70.7 HO. 7
D a ily m e a n m in im u m ........... 52, ( 53.7 57.1 62. ( 67.7 71.1 73. # 73.1 72. ‘ 66.1 58.2 53.1 6 3 .6
H ig h e s t o n rec o rd ................ 85 8C 92 9: 9‘ Of 97 97 96 m 8b 8( 98
2; 22 32 38 52 59 65 66 54 43 32 19 19
P r e c ip ita tio n :
2.61 2. 56 2. 4c 2.01 2, 91 7.25 7.95 8.1 1 6. 41 3. 01 17; 2. 07 49. 36
D a y s w ith 0.01 i n c h o r m o re . 7 7 e 5 7 14 17 17 15 8 5 C 114
T o ta l sn o w fall, in c h e s ............ ( 0 ) ( ( ( ( ( I ( ( ( w M
P e rc e n ta g e of p o s s ib le su n -
s h in e ................................................. o: 6C 7: 75 7 ‘ 66 61 65 65 66 6( 61 67
i : i: l* 11 11 1 f 6 1 11 1[ i; 123
H o u r ly w in d v e lo c ity , m i l e s . . 8.5 8. 8.7 8. G 8.0 7.5 7. C 6.9 7.7 8.G 8.3 8 .0 8 .2
1 T ra co . 3 N o d a ta o n p erce ntago of po ssible - u n sh no or hourly l w in d v elo e i ty a v iiila b lt

CLIMATE 139
No. 148.— C l i m a t i c C o n d itio n s , E t c . — Continued
STATION J a n . F e b . M a r. A p r. M a y J u n e J u ly A u g . S e p t. O c t. N o v . D e c .
GEORGIA, ATLANTA
A n ­
n u a l
T e m p e r a tu r e ;
M o n t h l y m e a n ............................ 42.6 45.3 52. C 61.0 69.6 7fi.O 78.1 77.0 72.4 6 3,0 52.1 4 4.7 6 1 .2
D a i ly m e a n m a x im u m ............ 51.4 53.9 61.8 70.3 78.7 8fi.fi 87.1 85.9 81.8 7 1.5 60.5 52.3 7 0 .1
D a i l y m e a n m in im u m ............ 35.7 3 7.0 4 3 . 4 51.6 60.1 67.2 69.7 Oil. 0 6 4 .6 6 3 .8 4 4.6 3 7.7 5 2 .7
H i g h e s t o n re c o rd ...................... 76 78 87 93 97 102 103 101 102 94 82 75 m
L o w e s t o n re c o rd ........................ - 2 - t 8 25 38 39 58 55 43 28 14 1 - 8
P r e c i p i ta t io n :
T o t a l, in c h e s .................................
D a y s w i t h 0 .0 1 i n c h o r m o r e .
4.95 4 . 7£ 5.30 3.61 3.47 3.74 4.65 4. 45 2 .99 2 .59 3.03 4. 70 48.27
12 u 11 in 10 11 13 12 3 7 8 11 124
T o t a l sn o w fa ll, in c h e s —......... 1.0 0.9 0.2 (0 0 0 0 C 0 0 « 0 .4 2 .5
P e r c e n ta g e of p o ssib le s u n -
s h i n e ................................................ 40 54 61 66 67 68 61 61 64 67 61 47 60
N u m b e r o f c le a r d a y s _________ 0 9 12 11 11 10 8 8 12 16 13 10 129
H o u r l y w i n d v e l o c i t y , m i l e s . . 11. 5 11.8 1 1.7 10.7 0 .5 8.6 8 .4 8,0 8 .7 9 .9 10.8 1J.1 10.1
IDAHO, BOISE
T e m p e r a tu r e '.
M o n t h l y m e a n ................... ........ 29.8 3 4.8 42.7 50.4 57.1 05.3 72.9 7 1.8 61.9 51.1 41.0 32.1 50.9
D a i ly m e a n m a x im u m ............ 37.il 4 3 .2 52.8 62.4 70.7 79.7 80. 7 8 7.9 75.7 64.1 s o . t 3 0.0 6 2.8
D a i ly m e a n m in im u m ............ 21.8 2 6.6 32.8 38. fl 45.0 51.4 58.0 56.5 47.5 3 9.4 31.0 24.5 8 9.4
H ig h e s t o n re c o rd ....................... 62 69 83 92 100 107 1U 121 102 05 85 70 121
L o w e s t o n r e c o r d ,. _____ - 2 8 - 1 3 - 6 11 25 3C 40 32 22 14 -1 C - 1 8 - 2 8
P r e c i p i ta t io n :
T o ta l, in c h e s ................................. 1.73 1. 44 1. 35 1.18 1.43 0. 92 0.24 0 .19 0.53 1. 24 1. 2 8 1. 57 13.10
D a y s w i t h 0.01 in c h o r m o re . 11 9 9 7 7 6 2 2 3 6 H 10 79
T o t a l sn o w fa ll, i n c h e s ............ 8 .4 5 .6 2 .9 0 .7 c1) 0) 0 C CO 0.1 1.5 5 .3 24.6
P e r c e n ta g e of p o ssib le s u n -
s h in e ................................................... 37 52 62 70 75 81 88 88 78 69 51 40 66
N u n i b o r o f c le a r d a y s ................. 5 6 7 0 11 14 22 22 IS 14 £1 e 143
H o u r l y w i n d v e lo c ity , m il e s .. 5 . 7 6.1 6.8 7 .0 6.8 6.2 5.9 6.6 5.5 5 .3 5.5 5 .4 6.0
ILLINOIS, CHICAGO
T e m p e r a tu r e :
M o n t h l y m e a n ............................ 2 2 . 7 26.3 35.3 46.9 57.5 67.3 72.5 71.6 65.2 54.0 40.1 2 8.8 49.1
D a i ly m e a n m a x im u m ............ 31.1 33.4 43.0 54.7 65.6 75.7 80.6 79.2 73.3 6 1 ,7 47.0 3 5.2 66. 7
D a ily m e a n m in im u m ............ 17.9 19.8 29.0 39.6 49.2 59.3 05.2 64.2 57.3 4 5 .9 33.4 22.8 41. 9
H i g h e s t o n re c o rd ....................... 66 38 81 90 98 102 108 102 100 87 77 68 105
L o w e s t o n re c o rd ........................ -2 0 -21 -1 2 17 27 40 50 47 32 14 - 2 - 2 3 —23
P r e c i p i ta t io n :
T o t a l , ix to h e s................................. 1 .90 2 .1 4 2 .78 3.54 8 .8 0 3.83 3.21 3 .D 2.5? 2.37 2 .04 32.86
D a y s w i t h 0.01 in c h o r m o re . 11 10 12 11 12 11 9 £ £ £ 1C 11 124
T o t a l s n o w fa ll, in c h e s______ 8.8 8.6 5 . G 1.2 « C C 0 c 0.1 i.e 0.8 33. 0
P e r c e n ta g e of p o ssib le s u n -
s h i n e ................................................... 4 5 5C 53 57 54 7C 7c 69 5£ 46 40 58
N u m b e r o f c le a r d a v s ............ 8 7 8 9 10 1C 13 13 12 12 S 7 117
H o u r l y w i n d T elo city , m i l e s . . 12.0 12.0 13.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 11,0 12.0 12.0 11.0
INDIANA, INDIANAPOLIS
T e m p e r a tu r e :
M o n t h l y m e a n ............................ 28.4 •31.1 40.0 52.1 62.9 71.6 75,7 73.7 66.9 5 5.7 42.3 3 2 .2 5 2 .7
D a i l y m e a n m a x im u m ........... 36.3 3 8.6 48.8 61,2 72.2 81.4 85. a 8 3.5 76.9 64.7 4 9 .8 3 9 .0 0 1 ,5
D a i ly m e a n m in im u m ............ 21.6 23.2 32.1 43.1 52,5 62. t 66.8 64.1 57. S 46.4 34.6 25.5 44.3
Highest on record................. 70 73 84 90 96 101 106 103 10C 89 78 69 106
Lowest on record.................. -25 - 1 8 0 19 31 39 48 44 30 22 - 5 -15 -25
Precipitation:
Total, inches......................... 2.95 2.73 3. 93 3.62 3.89 3.62 3.34 3.31 3.40 2.78 3. 35 2 .9 8 30. B0
Days w ith 0.01 inch or more. 13 10 13 12 13 11 10 9 0 9 11 12 132
Total snowfall, inches.......... 6.0 4.7 3.7 0.7 0.1 0 0 0 0 o 1.4 4.6 21.2
Percentage of possible sunshine.......................................
43 47 47 55 61 68 72 68 67 62 50 30 57
Num ber of clear days.............. 6 6 6 7 9 8 11 11 12 12 8 6 102
Hourly w ind velocity, m iles.. 11.5 11.6 12.1 11.8 10.5 9.6 8.7 8.4 9.3 9 .9 11.2 11.2 10.5
IOW A, DE3 MOINES
Temperature:
M onthly mean..................... 20.1 33 7 35.9 60.1 61.3 70.6 75.4 73.1 65.6 53.4 38.4 26.0 4 9.5
Daily mean maximum......... 29.8 33.4 46.1 60.6 71.7 80.8 86.6 84.0 75.9 63.9 47.6 34.2 59.5
Daily mean minimum......... 12.0 15. G 27.5 40.4 51.3 61.0 65.6 63.3 55.2 43.2 29.5 18.0 40.2
Highest on record.......... ...... 65 78 88 92 105 103 110 110 99 92 82 69 110
Lowest on record........... ...... -30 -26 -10 n 26 37 48 40 26 7 ~10 —21 -3 0
Precipitation:
Total, inches......................... 1.07 1.12 1.78 2.91 4.56 4.76 3.50 3. 52 3.67 2.50 1.43 1.22 32.04
Days with 0.01 inoh or more. 8 8 9 in 12 11 9 9 9 8 7 8 108
Total snowfall, inches_____ 8.6 7.1 5. S 1.2 « 0 G 0 0 0.3 2.3 7. Q 31.8
Percentage of possible sunshine....................
. . ............... 54 57 57 59 62 67 74 70 63 63 54 49 61
Num ber of clear days.............. 10 9 8 8 8 8 12 13 12 13 10 9 120
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 10.1 10.8 11.2 11.5 0.9 9.1 8.3 8.2 8.6 9.5 10.5 9.8 9.8
i Trace.

140 CLIMATE
No. 1 4 8 .— Climatic Conditions, E tc.— Continued
STATION Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Annual
KANSAS, DODGE CITY
Temperature;
Monthly mean.................... 29.0 33.2 42.8 53.6 63.5 72.5 78.4 77.7 69.4 56.1 42.0 32.6 54.3
Daily mean maximum........ 41.7 40.1 66.3 1)7.1 75.2 85.4 90.8 89.6 81.8 69.4 55.9 44.7 07.0
Daily mean minimum......... 17.« 21.0 29.2 40.9 61.1 01.0 66.1 64.8 56.4 43.8 29.8 21.1 41.9
Highest on record................ 71) 84 98 95 101 107 109 109 103 94 86 79 109
Lowest on record.„ ............ -20 -20 -10 9 19 36 40 43 30 10 -13 -15 -26
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 0.41 0. 77 0. 89 1. 94 2.89 3.30 3.14 2. 67 1. 90 1.30 0. 73 0. 57 20. 51
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 4 5 6 7 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 4 75
Total snowfall, inches......... 3.4 5.2 4.2 0.9 0) 0 0 0 0 0.3 1. 5 3.0 18.5
Percentage of possible sun-
68 68 68 68 07 74 77 78 . 76 75 71 67 72
Number of clear days............. 15 18 13 13 12 15 16 17 17 18 16 15 180
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 10.0 10.7 12.5 13.3 12.5 12.0 10.7 10.0 11.1 10.9 10.1 10.1 11.2
KENTUCKY, LOUISVILLE
Temperature;
Monthly mean.................... 34.4 37.2 45.4 56.4 00.6 74.7 78.6 77.0 70.5 59.3 46.7 37.6 57.0
Daily mean maximum........ 42.7 45.1 64.6 65.7 75.9 84.2 88.2 80.4 80.5 (18.0 54.7 44.7 05.9
Daily mean minimum......... 27.2 28.5 36.8 40.0 56.4 65.3 69.1 67.5 61.0 49.1 38.2 30.2 48.0
Highest on record................ 74 78 88 91 98 102 107 105 102 91 79 74 107
Lowest on record................. -20 -14 3 21 33 43 54 47 36 23 1 —7 -20
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 4.00 3. 55 4.39 3.88 3. 72 3.82 3.70 3.42 2.78 2. 65 3. 61 3.74 43.26
Days'with 0.01 inch or more. 12 10 12 12 11 11 10 9 8 8 10 11 123
Total snowfall, inches........- 4.1 3.8 2.2 0.2 (0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.5 3.0 13.9
Percentage of possible sun-
43 48 52 57 63 69 72 69 68 65 51 39 58
Number of clear days............. 8 7 8 9 10 9 12 12 13 14 10 7 l i e
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 9.9 10.2 10.8 9.9 8.5 7.8 7.1 6.7 7.2 7.0 9.3 9.5 8.7
LOUISIANA, NEW ORLEANS
Temperature:
Monthly mean.................... 54.2 57.3 62.8 08.8 76.4 80.6 82.4 82.2 79.2 71.0 01.6 55.6 69.3
Daily mean maximum........ 02.7 05.1 71.1 76.8 82.9 88.2 89.5 89.4 86.2 78.4 09. V 03.3 70.9
Daily mean minimum____ 47.4 49.5 55.2 61.1 07.8 73.8 75.5 75.0 72.9 04.2 54.4 48.3 62.1
Highest on record............... 83 84 9U 90 U6 102 102 1011 99 94 89 84 102
Lowest on record................. 15 7 2£ 38 52 58 66 03 54 40 29 19 7
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 4.34 4. 25 4.72 5. 24 4. 6C 5.86 6.37 5.80 5 .03 3. 30 3.14 4. 79 57.46
Days with 0.01 inch or moro. It t 9 7 9 13 15 14 10 7 7 10 120
Total snowfall, inches......... 0.1 0.2 (0 C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 « 0.3
Percentage of possible sunshine....................................
« 51 57 6£ 65 64 57 58 65 68 60 45 58
Number of clear days............. I 11 11 11 9 7 7 12 10 13 9 124
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 8.7 9.1 9.1 8.7 7.9 7.1 6.8 6.7 7.6 8.0 8.2 8.0 8.0
MAINE, PORTLAND
Temperature:
Monthly mean.................... 22.4 23.8 31.8 43.0 53.3 02.5 08.1 06.4 69.6 49.9 38.0 27.6 45.5
Daily mean maximum........ 30. 5 31.1 30.7 50.4 61.4 70. £ 76. £ 74.11 67.6 57. £ 45.4 84.8 53. 3
Daily mean minimum........ 15. < 15.8 24.£ 35.4 45.5 54. £ 60. C 58. C 52.2 42.4 31.9 20.5 38.1
Highest on record................ 05 5i 71 81 90 9b 10c 9t 96 85 74 05 103
Lowest on record................. -18 - I t -7 1 27 38 4£ 46 89 22 - f -2.1 -21
Precipitation:
Total, inches..................... 3.97 4.0( 3.86 3 . 3£ 3.4C 3.2£ 3.24 3.14 3.1C 3.14 3.46 3.97 41.94
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 12 11 li 1] 12 12 12 11 11 I f 11 12 138
Total snowfall, inches....... 19.2 20. i 11.7 4, ( (■) ( ( ( C (■) 4.1 1 1 .fc 71.9
Percentage of possible sunshine....................................
51 5( 5( 57 61 6: 6' 64 61 57 46 4C 57
Number of clear days............. 12 l: li i: 12 12 12 11 11 1C 11 12 138
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 8. S 9.1 9.C 9 .4 8.7 7.8 7.5 7.0 7 .7 8.4 8.9 9.7 8.5
MARYLAND, BALTIMORE
Temperature:
Monthly mean.................... 33.8 35.' 42. C 53.1 04.- 72.7 77.2 75.6 68.5 58.2 46. £ 37.2 66.4
Daily mean maximum........ 41. J 42. i 51.5 62.5 73.1 81.8 86.: 83. t 77.2 66.' 54.: 44. ( 63.6
28.1 28.2 35.5 14.1 55. ‘ 64.- 09. { 07.' 61. ( 49. 5 39.1 30. £ 47.8
7< 8C 8£ 94 9£ lOf 10' IDE 101 92 82 72 107
Lowest on record............... - } l t 34 i t 54 61 39 30 12 -8 —7
Precipitation:
3.5 3. a< 3. 71 3. 34 3. 54 3 8! 4.64
1 1C 15 11 11 11 4.37 3.37 2.89 2. 66
11 9 8 9 3.37 42. 50
Days 'with 0.01 inch or more. 11
11 125
ft ' 6.; 4.: 0.£ CO 1 I 1 ( (0 0.' 3 ! 23.2
Percentage of possible sun-
4 1 6 61 51 6 6^ Of 6£ 64 64 5£ 4E 59
) 1 1( 1( i 1C 1C 15 1C 1C C 121
Hourly wind velocity; miles. 7. 1 8. 8. 8, 7.! 7. 7.5 6. t 7.1 7.4 7. 7.' 7.7
i Trace.

CLIMATE 141
N o . 14.-8.— Climatic Conditions, E tc.-—C ontin ued
STATION Jan. Peb, Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
MASSACHUSETTS, BOSTON
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 27.9 28.8 35.6 40.4 57.1 66.5 71.7 09.9 63.2 53.6 42.0 32.5 49.6
Dally mean maximum......... 35.8 36.6 43.4 64.5 65.7 75.2 80.1 77.8 71.2 61.0 49.3 39.0 57.6
Daily mean minimum......... 20. (J 21.0 27.8 38.3 48.6 57.8 03.3 62.0 55.2 45,5 34,8 25.4 41.6
Highest onrGcord................. 70 68 83 80 97 100 104 98 102 90 78 09 104
Lowest on record................. -13 -18 -8 11 31 42 50 47 34 25 - 2 -17 -18
Precipitation:
Total, inches......................... 3. 61 3.37 3.57 3.34 3.18 2.8£ 3. a 3. 02 3.14 3.15 3. 33 3. 45 40.14
Days with 0,01 inch or more. 12 1U 12 11 11 1C K 10 0 fl 10 11 125
Total snowfall, inches.......... 11.4 13.0 7.5 2.2 o 0 0 0 0 0) 1.5 7.9 43.5
Percentage of possible sunshine...............
.................. 4£ 58 57 58 59 63 64 03 62 50 48 48 57
Number of clear days.............. 5 10 10 9 9 10 0 11 12 11 9 0 118
Hourly wind velocity, m iles.. 11.2 ll.fi 11.7 10.0 10.0 9.5 9.1 8.7 9.3 10.0 10.8 11,0 10.3
Michigan, Detroit
T emperature:
Monthly mean................... 24.4 25.8 33.4 40.2 58.0 07.4 72.1 70.3 03.5 52.5 39.2 29.3 48.5
Daily iriean maximum......... Hl.fi 32.1 41.6 64.8 67.2 76.7 81.9 70. 4 72.5 60.1 45. 7 35.0 50.5
Daily mean minimum......... 18.7 18.3 26.6 37.4 48.fi 58.4 63.6 01.8 65.6 44.5 33.1 23.4 40.8
Highest on record................. 66 65 81 88 95 104 105 104 IOC 80 75 05 105
Lowest on record................. -16 -20 -7 8 28 38 4£ 43 3C 22 0 -24 -24
Precipitation:
Total, inches ................ 2.07 2.18 2.40 2.46 3. 21 3.56 3.32 2. 78 2. 9C 2.32 2.44 2. 35 32.06
Days with 0,01 inch or more. 14 12 13 11 12 11 9 0 1C 10 12 14 137
Total snowfall, inches_____ 10.7 10.2 7.5 1,5 0.2 (J C C c 0.1 2.8 9.0 41.9
Percentage of possible sunshine.....................................
36 42 48 51 58 65 68 65 61 53 36 28 62
Number of clear days.............. 5 fi 7 8 9 10 12 12 11 10 a 4 99
Hourly wind velocity, m iles.. 12.0 11.9 11.8 11.5 10.3 0.0 9.2 0.0 9,7 10.5 11.8 11.0 10.8
MINNESOTA, MINNEAPOLIS
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 12.7 15. fl 29.6 46.4 57.7 67.5 72.3 60, 9 01.4 48.9 32.4 19.6 44.5
Daily mean maximum......... 21. li 24.7 38.2 55.4 67.8 V7.2 82.8 80.0 71.7 58.1 40.4 26.7 83.7
Daily mean minimum........ 5.1 8.0 21.7 30.6 48.1 58.3 B3.3 60.8 62.7 40.7 26.6 12.1 36.1
Highest on rocord................. 52 64 83 91 106 104 108 103 104 90 77 50 108
Lowest on record................. -34 -33 -17 6 22 86 44 42 20 10 -13 -27 -34
Precipitation:
Total, inches......................... Q.8C 0.95 1.42 2.23 3.07 4. 22 3.73 3.12 3.13 2.08 1.27 0. 08 27. Q6
Days with 0.01 inch or more. fc 7 8 10 11 11 0 0 0 0 7 8 106
Total snowfall, inches_____ 0.C 7.0 8.2 3.7 0.3 0 0 0 (') 0.5 4.3 7 .6 42.0
Percentage of possible sunshine.....................................
4£ 53 56 57 61 65 73 CC 58 50 40 30 56
Number of clear days.......... s 9 9 0 8 7 11 11 11 10 7 8 108
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 11.4 11.7 12.5 12.7 11.9 10.5 0.9 0.8 11. I 11.7 11.6 11.2 1 1 .3
Mis s is s ip p i, Vicksburg
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 48.2 61. R 58.5 66.6 72.9 79.0 81.3 80.8 76.2 66.7 56. t 50.0 05.fi
Daily mean maximum........ 67.1 60.3 67.6 74.9 81.8 88.3 90.1 89.1) 86. C 70.6 00.3 88.5 74.8
Daily mean minimum......... 40.6 42. g 49.4 66.4 63.4 70.2 72. e 72.1 67. 2 50.9 47.4 41.8 56.7
Highest on record................. 82 84 92 92 07 101 102 101 104 94 80 82 104
Lowest on record________ 3 -1 22 31 43 62 59 64 42 31 22 10 —1
Precipitation:
Total, inches. ...................... fi. 37 4.82 5.57 5.19 4.32 3.90 4.53 3.40 2. 87 2.77 3. 71 5.33 51.93
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 11 10 10 0 8 9 H 9 7 6 8 10 108
Total snowfall, inches.......... O.S 0.4 r>) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (•> 0.3 l.fi
Percentage of possible sunshine......................................
46 51 68 65 71 74 70 72 76 71 61 44 63
Number of clear days.............. 9 0 11 11 11 12 9 11 14 17 13 10 137
Hourly wind velocity, m iles.. 8 .1 8.4 8.7 8.1 7.1 6.5 8.2 6.0 0.4 6.7 7.4 7.9 7.3
MISSOURI, ST. LOUIS
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 31.1 34.8 44.1 56.1 67.0 75.0 78.8 77.5 70.fi 58.8 45.4 34.0 56.2
Daily mean maximum......... 38.7 43.0 52.0 05.1 76.9 83.6 87.4 80.4 79.5 67.5 53.5 42.5 64.7
Daily mean minimum......... 23.4 26.6 35.3 47.6 58.2 66.4 70.2 08.0 Gl.fi 50.1 37.3 27.3 47.7
Highest on record................ 74 84 92 03 96 104 110 108 103 91 83 75 n o
Lowest on record................. -2 2 -18 3 20 32 44 55 62 37 21 3 —15 - 2 2
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 2.34 2.56 3.38 3.81 4.34 3.82 2.98 2. 99 3.46 2.72 2.83 2. 21 37.44
Days With 0.01 inch or more. C 0 11 u 11 11 9 8 8 8 8 9 112
Total snowfall, inches.......... 4.9 5.6 3.8 0.6 0.1 0 0 0 0 « 0.8 3.2 19.0
Percentage of possible sunshine.....................................
4t 50 55 58 64 67 70 68 06 64 55 45 59
Number of clear days.............. 11 9 10 11 11 10 19 14 14 16 II 10 139
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 11.8 11.8 12.5 11.9 10.9 10,0 9.2 8.9 9.7 10.6 11.7 11. 5 10.0
1 Trace.
Annual

1 4 2 climate
N o. 1 4 8 .— Climatic C onditions, E tc .— Continued
STATION Ian. F eb. M ar. A pr. M ay June Ju ly Aug. Sept. Oct. 'Tov. D ec.
MONTANA, HELENA
A n ­
nual
T em perature:
M o n th ly m e a n ........................ 20.2 23.0 32.4 43.6 51.6 59.2 66.7 65.0 56.6 44.9 33.2 24.2 43.3
D aily m oan m axim um .......... 28.7 32.2 41.8 54.1 62.6 71.4 80,8 79.3 67.5 55.6 41.4 32.6 54.0
D aily m ean m in im u m .,___ 12.4 15.0 23.4 33.2 41.1 48.4 54.5 63.2 44.2 35.fi 24.0 17.2 33.6
H ig h est on record................... 63 69 73 86 96 102 103 99 92 84 71 64 103
L ow est on record..................... -4 2 - 4 1 - 2 0 - 1 0 22 31 36 29 6 - 8 - 2 2 -4 0 -4 2
P recipitation:
T o tal, inches............................. 0.87 0.65 0.79 1.12 2.29 2.34 1.14 0,77 1.25 0.89 0.74 0.78 .3.63
D a y s w ith 0.01 inch or m ore. 0 8 9 8 11 12 8 6 7 7 7 8 100
T o tal snowfall, inches........... 10.4 8.4 9.6 5.8 2.1 w « w 0.9 4.2 6.7 8.9
Percentage of possible sun-
57.0
sh in e .................................. ......... 44 63 58 60 58 63 76 73 63 56 48 42 85
N u m b e r of clear days................ 6 6 7 7 0 8 15 16 12 10 7 6 104
H o u rly w ind velocity, m ile s,.- 7.4 7.6 8.4 8.7 8.7 8.4 8.1 7.8 7.9 7.7 7.4 7.3 8.0
NEBRASKA, OMAHA
T em p eratu re:
M o n th ly m ean.................... .. 21.9 25.5 37.0 51.2 62.4 71.6 76.7 74.4 66.8 54.3 38.5 26.4 50.6
D a ily m ean m axim um .......... an. 7 35.0 47.1 61.6 72.2 81.7 87.2 84.8 76.7 64.6 48.2 35.4 60.5
D a ily m ean m in im u m .......... 13.8 17.0 28.2 41.8 52.8 62.4 67.6 65.5 56.6 44.fi 30.1 19.3 41.5
H ig h est on record................... 07 78 «i 94 103 107 114 111 104 96 80 72 114
L ow est on record.................... -3 2 - 2 6 - 8 6 25 40 50 44 30 8 -1 4 - 2 0 -3 2
P recipitation:
T o tal, in c h e s...........................
D ays w ith 0.01 inch or more.
0.70 0.89 1.37 2.51 3.77 4.56 3.54 3.05 3.21 2.17 1.07 0. 93 27.77
7 6 7 10 12 11 9 9 8 7 5 6 97
T o ta l snowfall, in c h e s .,___ 6.4 6.2 5.7 0.7 o 0 0 0 0 0.4 2.2 5.0 26.9
Percentage of possible su n ­
sh in e ............................................ 56 60 59 60 64 70 77 70 66 64 56 51 63
N u m b e r of clear d ay s................ 11 10 9 9 9 10 14 13 14 14 i i 10 135
H o u rly w ind velocity, m iles... 9.4 9.9 10,4 10.4 9.6 8.5 7.7 7.6 8.3 8.8 9.3 9.1 9.1
NEVADA, RENO
T em p eratu re:
M o n th ly m e a n ........................ 31.5 36.3 41.1 47.5 54.2 62.4 70.1 68.7 60.5 50.8 41.5 33.3 49.9
D aily m ean m axim um .......... 42.6 47.6 53,9 60.1 68.6 78.4 87.9 86.5 77.5 66.7 55.2 44.5 64.1
D aily m ean m in im u m .......... 20.9 24.8 29.2 34.2 40.7 47.1 53.2 51.9 44.5 35.9 28.1 22.6 36.1
H ig h est on record_________ 67 76 79 88 98 100 106 103 96 89 80 69 106
L ow est on record.................... -1 9 - 1 2 - 3 14 16 2fi 36 35 24 16 5 - 7 -1 9
P recipitation:
T o tal, inches............................. 1. 64 1.18 0.81 0.47 0. 63 0.29 0.25 0.22 0.26 0.36 0. 64 0.98 7.63
D a y s w ith 0.01 inch or m ore. 7 t e 4 4 ?, 2 2 2 3 4 6 49
T o tal snowfall, inches........... 10.1 6.7 5.1 1.8 o . a w C 0 w 0.3 1.4 4.9
Percentage of possible sun-
30,1
sh in e........................................... 61 64 71 7E 79 84 9( 90 86 78 70 60 76
N u m b er of clear days................ 12 11 12 14 It 2( 25 24 22 20 16 12 203
H o u rly w in d velocity, m ile s.. 6,1 6.5 7.6 8.4 8.1 7.9 7.4 7.1 6.8 6.1 6.0 5.7 7.0
NEW HAMPSHIRE, CONCORD
T em perature:
M o n th ly m ean........................ 21.0 22.8 30.8 43.4 64.3 62.9 68.5 66,8 69.3 49.7 37.7 20.8 45.4
D aily m ean m ax im u m ......... 31.1 33. 5 41.] 66.7 68.7 7(U 81.7 78.2 70.9 60. C 46,4 34. e fif i.f i
D aily m ean m inim um ........... 11.7 12.5 22. ( 33.5 44.7 53.2 58.7 66,3 49. C 38.5 28.5 17.1 35.5
82 Ufa 101
- I f 22 32
H ig h est on record...................
L ow est on record....................
11
- 3 1
6*
—3‘
92
7
102
3£
9C
35
9f
25
92
16
at:
- 1 7
65
-2 4
102
- 3 5
P recipitation:
T otal, inches............................ 3 .0( 3.19 3.5( 3. 54 3.45 2.86 3.08
D a y s w ith 0.01 inch or m ore. i: H It 11 9 in 10
T o ta l snowfall, inches........... 17.fi 18. ] 11.1 4. £ « t t C C 0.1 5.3 12.4 70.5
P ercentage of possible sunsh
2.81
I
3 .0c
1(
2.7£
1C
3.01
11
3. ia 37. 51
t 120
in e............................................ 4i 55 61 64 64 6f 67 57 54 5C 44 44 53
N u m b e r of cloar days................ l; 12 14 1] IS l i 12 12 12 12 It 1C 145
H o u rly w in d velocity, m ile s.. (1.6 6.9 7.4 7.6 6.6 5.9 5.4 5.1 5.2 6,0 6.5 6.3 6.3
NEW JERSEY, ATLANTIC CITY
T em perature:
M o n th ly m ean........................ 32. < 33.1 38.1 47 A 58.] 66.1 72.: 72.6 60.8 66.! 45. f 36. < 52.3
D aily m ean m axim um .......... 40. i 40.: 46.: 64.7 64.1 73.1 78.i 78. t 73.1 63.4 52.9 43.1 59.2
? f l * 26. a 32.! 4i.; 51. ( 60.! 66.1 66.7 61. * 50. { 39.: 29. fa 46.1
6? r 71 8C 9l . 9" 10S 104 94 9C 77 6£ 104
— 7 - t £ If 32 4 5'- 4£ 3" 29 1C - 9
P recipitation:
T o tal, inches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .„. . . . . . . . 3.4 3.3 . 3.6' 2.9' 3.0 3.0 3.9 ■ 4.4 2.6. 3.2 2 .8S 3 .9< 40,56
D ays w ith 0.01 Inch or m ore 1 I 1 ISi l: i : 1' It 11 1 ! l: 123
4. 6. J 2. i o . ; i ■) (' I 1 I 0.( 2.1 15.4
P ercentage of possible sun-
51 5 1 6 7 6 6 - 6 05 6 I 0 64 5f 6 CO
• 3 3 1) 1) 1 10 1 3 11 1 I 11 1] It 124
H ourly w ind velocity, m iles. . 16. 3 15. 3 16. 5 16. I 14. 5 13.81 13. 2 13. ll 13, 14.: 15. 15. ( 14.7
i Trace.

CLIMATE 1 4 3
N o . 1 4 8 .— C l im a t ic C o n d it io n s, E t c .— Continued
STATION
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug, Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
' 5 !►
! £ ?
N E W MEXICO, SANTA FE
Temperature:
M onthly mean.....................
Daily mean maximum.........
Daily mean minimum.........
Highest on record.......... ......
Lowest on record..................
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................
Days with 0.01 inch or more.
Total snowfall, inches..........
Percentage of possible sunshine............................
..........
Number of clear days..............
Hourly wind velocity, miles..
N E W YORK, BUFFALO
Temperature:
M onthly mean....................
Dally mean maximum____
Daily mean minimum.........
Highest on record........ ........
Lowest on record.................
Precipitation:
Total, inches_____ ______
Days with 0.01 inch or more
Total snowfall, inches.........
Percentage of possible sum
shine,....................................
Number of clear days..............
Hourly wind velocity, miles. .
N E W Y ORK, N EW YORK
Temperature:
M onthly mean....................
Daily mean maximum.
Daily mean minimum........
Highest on record.................
Lowest on record_____
Precipitation:
Total, inches.........................
Days with 0.01 inch or more.
Total snowfall, inches___
Percentage of possible sunshine.....................................
Num ber of clear days..............
Hourly wind velocity, miles..
N O RTH CAROLINA, ASHEVILLE
Temperature:
M onthly mean.....................
Daily mean maximum.........
Daily mean minimum.......
Highest on record.................
Lowest on record.................
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................
Days with 0,01 inch or more.
Total snowfall, inches..........
Percentage of possible sunshine....
................................
Number of clear days.. ..........
Hourly wind velocity, miles..
N O R T H DAKOTA, BISMARCK
Temperature:
M onthly mean.....................
Daily mean maximum____
Dally mean minimum........
Highest on record.................
Lowest on record..................
Precipitation:
Total, inches.......................
Days with 0.01 inch or more.
Total snowfall, inches..........
Percentage of possible sunshine......................................
Number of clear days..............
Hourly wind velocity, m iles..!
i Trace.
28.8 33.1 30.7 46.7 55.7 64.8 60.0 67.4 00.9 80.4 38.0 30.7 48.8
39.5 43.5 51.1 59. C 08.1 78.2 80.2 79.2 73.0 02.2 49.9 40,7 00.4
18. t 22. G 28.2 34. £ 43.5 52.2 50.8 56. t 49.2 38.7 27.8 20.7 37.5
70 75 89 84 8G 93 96 97 90 85 77 05 97
-13 -11 - 2 11 20 33 43 40 21 18 -11 -13 -13
0.07 0.76 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.08 2.38 2.28 1.45 1.18 0. 68 0.74 14.27
e 7 7 fi 7 13 13 8 5 4 fl 88
0.3 0.6 5.1 3.5 0.5 w 0 0 0.1 1.1 3. 6 S.7 82.6
72 71 71 76 75 80 69 71 77 80 77 71 74
17 12 14 1? u 16 £ It lfl 20 18 17 177
6.9 7.2 8.0 8.2 8.1 7.3 0.3 5.9 0.1 0.5 0.8 fl. 8 7.0
24.6 24.3 81.1 42.8 54.6 64.4 09.8 68.6 62.4 SI. 9 36.4 29.8 47.0
31.7 30. E 38.5 50. C 61.7 71.5 76. t 75.7 G9.G 58.8 45.0 36.2 53.8
19. t 17.2 25. C 34. £ 46.2 57.2 63.1 01. ( 55.4 44.7 33.8 24. C 40.2
7C 65 7fi 8d 94 97 Of % 95 92 73 oe 97
-14 -20 - 4 5 25 39 46 44 36 24 2 - 0 -20
3.30 2.95 2.67 2.50 3.10 2.82 3. 03 3,08 2.92 3, 29 3.02 3. 30 36.00
It 17 Ifi 12 12 11 It It 11 12 15 It 164
18.8 16.8 10.4 3.3 0.2 0 0 0 w 0.5 0.0 17.2 73.2
30 41 48 52 59 66 08 65 60 48 32 24 52
2 3 5 7 8 9 1(1 £ 9 7 3 2 74
17.8 16.6 15,9 14.0 13.1 12.3 12.0 11.7 12.8 14.3 16.8 17.3 14.0
30.9 31.3 37.7 49.4 60.6 68.8 73.8 73.1 60.8 SO. 3 44.2 35.0 52.3
37.4 38.4 45.4 67.2 68.5 77.0 81.7 80.1 73.7 63.7 51.0 41.2 59.6
24.5 24.2 30.2 41.0 52.6 60.5 65.9 06.2 59.8 49.0 37.3 28.8 45.0
65 . 73 80 91 96 97 102 102 100 88 74 08 102
- 0 -14 3 12 34 44 54 51 39 27 7 -13 -14
3. 66 3.82 3.64 3.23 3.24 3. 33 4. 24 4.33 3.39 3. 53 2.96 3.62 42.99
12 10 12 11 11 10 10 It 9 U 9 11 126
7.8 10.0 6.1 1.1 « 0 0 0 0 0) 0.8 0.2 32.0
62 59 59 60 62 04 05 63 63 62 53 51 60
6 8 9 & 9 P f £ 1C 11 y t 105
17.2 16.9 17.7 16.3 14.1 13.3 12.6 12.3 12.0 14.6 16.2 10. 6 16.0
35.4 38.5 44.0 53.9 52.6 08.7 71.7 70.5 05.0 (55.3 45,1 37.8 54.1
48.2 49.2 57.3 65, fi 73.8 80.3 82. fl 84.1 77 A 07. 4 513.7 48.4 65.9
29. e 29.8 36.6 43.5 61.8 59.2 62. fl 03. £ 56.0 41.8 35. 7 30.0 45.4
77 80 87 80 HI 98 90 9t 95 85 76 78 99
- 5 - 6 8 20 31 40 46 47 35 20 4 - 4 - 0
a is 3 07 3.02 3. 43 3.93 4. 30 4.16 3.04 2.75 2. 23 3.20 40. 28
13 10 12 11 12 13 15 14 10 7 8 10 135
2.8 2.7 2.0 0.3 0 0 0 1 0 0.2 0.4 2. 0 10. 4
48 52 55 59 01 61 • 58 57 58 61 58 46 57
10 10 11 11 10 8 7 7 10 15 14 11 124
9.6 9.0 10.2 9.3 7.3 5.9 5.4 6.4 5.8 7.0 8.6 y.s 7.8
7.8 10.3 24.2 42.1 54.5 63.7 69.8 67.3 58.1 44.0 28.5 14.7 40. 5
18.3 21.9 35.3 64,6 66.5 75.7 82.9 81.1 70.9 57.1 38.0 25.0 52.3
-2 .4 1.3 14.9 31.6 42.7 52.8 57.9 56.1 45.2 33.2 18.2 5. 5 20.7
CO 65 81 90 102 107 114 105 105 91 74 04 114
-45 -45 -36 -3 13 31 32 32 10 -1 0 -2 8 -4 2 —45
0.46 0.44 0.89 1.52 2. 32 3.35 2.24 1.82 1.23 0. 94 0. 57 0.57 IB. 34
7 7 7 8 10 12 9 8 7 0 0 7 94
5.7 5.2 7.5 3.0 0.8 0 0 0 0.1 1.1 5.0 6. 0 34.4
52 50 55 58 58 02 72 08 02 58 50 48 59
11 11 11 12 12 12 16 16 14 13 11 11 150
9.0 9.4 10.4 11.3 10.8 10.1 9.1 0.0 9.6 0.7 9.3 8.9 9.7

144 CLIMATE
N o. l - i 8 .— C l im a t ic C o n d it io n s, E t c .— C ontinued
STATION Ian. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
OHIO, COLUMBUS
Annual
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 28. C 30.7 39.1 51.2 62.3 70.9 74.9 73.0 66.5 55.2 41.9 32.4 52.2
Daily mean maximum........ 36.9 38.4 48.4 60.6 71.9 80.8 85.2 82.6 76.9 64. 5 50.0 39.3 61.3
Daily mean minimum......... 22.3 23.1 31.3 41.5 52,0 61.0 65.2 63.0 56.9 45.4 34.6 25.7 13.6
Highest on record................. 72 72 84 90 96 101 106 103 99 90 78 67 106
Lowest on record________ —20 -20 0 16 31 39 49 42 32 20 -5 -12 -20
Precipitation:
Total, inches................. ...... 3.06 2.67 3. 50 2.87 3. 59 3.31 3.55 3.26 2.57 2.46 2.77 2. 73 36. 34
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 14 12 14 12 12 12 11 10 9 9 11 13 139
Total snowfall, inches......... 7.2 5.6 3.4 1.0 c) 0 0 0 0 0.1 1.6 4.4 23.3
Percentage of possible sunshine.....................................
38 44 47 56 63 69 72 68 66 59 45 34 55
Number of clear days............. 0 6 7 9 9 10 12 12 12 12 7 5 107
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 11.8 11.8 12.2 11.8 10.4 9.4 8.7 8.5 9.1 10.1 11.3 11.2 10.5
OKLAHOMA, OKLAHOMA CITY
Temperature:
Monthly mean.................... 36,4 39.6 50. Q 59.8 67.7 76.0 80.6 79.7 72.8 61. 5 48.8 39.3 ^59.4
Daily mean maximum........ 47.8 50.9 61.6 70.8 77.6 87.0 91.7 92.0 84.8 73.2 60.0 48.9 70.5
Daily mean m inim um ...... 27.6 21). 5 38.8 49.0 58.0 66.8 70.6 70.0 63.2 51.2 39.0 30.0 49.5
Highest on record............ 83 90 97 96 98 107 109 113 105 97 86 79 113
Lowest on record................. -11 -17 4 20 33 46 55 49 35 16 9 —2 -17
Precipitation:
Total, inches....................... 1.19 1.11 1.98 3. 29 48.8 3.67 2.80 2.89 3.05 2.86 1.87 1. 50 31.15
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 6 5 7 8 10 8 6 7 7 6 6 6 82
Total snowfall, inches.......... 2.3 1.8 1.2 « 0 0 0 0 0 (>) 0.3 1.7 7.3
Percentage of possible sunshine.....................................
67 60 62 64 65 74 78 78 73 67 63 fiR 67
Number of dear days.............. 18 11 12 12 10 14 16 17 16 17 15 13 166
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 11.6 12.6 13.8 13.6 12.0 10.9 9.6 9.2 10.2 10.7 11.5 11.4 11.4
OREGON, PORTLAND
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 39.4 42.1 46.9 51.8 56.0 62.4 66.7 66.7 61.7 54.2 46.8 41.2 63.1
Daily mean maximum........ 44.2 48.3 54.7 61.2 67.0 72.1 78.2 80. (1 71.6 62.7 52.2 46.2 61.5
Daily mean minimum......... 34.2 36.3 39.9 48.2 48.1 52.0 56.4 56.3 52.3 47.1 10.7 36.8 45.4
Highest on record................. 65 68 33 9? 9t 101 105 102 97 88 73 65 105
Lowest on record................. -2 7 20 28 32 3£ 43 43 35 20 11 3 - 2
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 6. nr 5.36 3.91 2.87 2.1C 1.52 0.61 0.64 1.98 3.12 6.1C 6.72 41.62
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 21 17 17 15 i;- If 4 8 12 17 It 155
Total snowfall, inches.......... 6.C 3.4 0.6 0) w ( ( C C (0 0.5 3. c. 13.8
Percentage of possible sun*
shine....... ......................... 26 3i 4( 41 52 56 71 67 54 4c 28 2c 45
Number of clear days.............. < 4 5 i 7 5 16 16 11 7 4 4 92
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.1 6.9 6.8 0.8 6.4 6.4 6.1 7.0 7.5 6.9
PENNSYLVANIA, PITTSBURGH
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 30.7 32.1 39.6 51.2 62.< 70.7 74.6 72. C 66.-; 55.7 43.2 34.2 52.8
Daily mean maximum____ 38.8 39.6 48.8 QQ.fi 72.: 80.1 84.2 82,1 76.4 64.3 50.6 40. H 61.5
Daily mean minimum......... 23.7 23.fi 31. c 41.' 51.8 60.fi 64.8 62.1 57.1 45. ( 35. ( 27.1 43.8
Highest on record........ ........ 7E 77 8' 9l 95 98 io; io; 102 9] 71 7i 103
Lowest on record......... ........ -H —2C : l: 27 3( 4{ 45 35 2( ] -1 -20
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 3. Of 2. 65 3.0! 2.95 3.2: 3.8: 4. OS 3.2; 2. 51 2.52 2. 21 2.86 30.17
Days with 0.01 inch or more 1. u lfi 1L 1? 15 12 1( < 1( 12 h 149
Total snowfall, inches......... 8., . 7.6 5.7 2. C 0) C 0 0 Q 0.1 1.8 6.5 32.2
Percentage of possible sun-
3' 3? 4fi 5C 5! 66 6' 65 5) 4( 3( 50
4 4 C ' G g fl 10 1C 10 4 4 87
Hourly wind velocity, miles. 11.' 11.' 12. C 11. t 10. C 9.4 8.8 8.6 8.0 9.8 11.3 11.4 10.4
RHODE ISLAND, PROVIDENCE
Temperature:
Monthly mean_________ 27. 29.1 35.' 46.' 58., 68. 73. < 71. C 63.2 52.2 40.' 31.6 49.8
Daily mean maximum....... 87. * 36. 45.. 55.: 67.5 75.: 81.: 79.: 72. < 62,3 50.2 39.' 58.5
Daily mean minimum....... 22. 20.1 29. 38.i 48.5 56.' 63. 61.fi 54.' 44.8 35.: 25.3 41.6
Highest on record........ ...... 6. GC 8- 9 9' & 101 9' 9f R" 7f 68 10C
- - r . 1 35 41 51 4C 3C 27 s - l i -17
Precipitation:
3.7 3. 6 3.4 3.2 2.9' 2.6 3.2‘
Days with 0.01 inch or more 1I 1( 15 1- 15 11 1C 3. 51 1C
3.18 £ 3.15 £ 3.06 1C 3.38
11 39.19
128
Total snowfall, inches____ 9. 0. 5. 1. w ' C (o 1.2 5. C 31.5
Percentage of possible sun-
5 i 5) 5 5 i 6 6 O' 6r & 6 55 5i 58
1) 1 12 1) 1L 1L 1 is 15 14 11 U 13R
Hourly wind velocity, miles. 12, 712. I 13. 1 12. 1 11. 5 10. 9. 7 9. 10.5 11. [ 11.1 12.4 11.6
1T tm

CLIMATE 145
N o . 1 4 8 .— C l im a t ic C o n d it io n s , E t c .— Continued
STATION Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Tune July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Annual
SOUTH CAROLINA, CHARLESTON
Temperature;
Monthly mean..................... 4fl.fi 52.4 57.1 64.5 72.7 78. £ 81.4 81. C 70. e 67.8 58.1 51.7 66.0
Daily mean maximum........ 68.3 59.7 65. f 72.1 79.7 85.5 88. C 87.2 83.1 74.7 65. £ 69, 2 73.2
Daily mean minimum......... 43.2 44.5 50.1 57.1 05. t 72.4 75.1 74. t 70. f 60.8 50.7 44.2 59,1
Highest on record________ 8? 82 U< 91: M 101 104 102 10C 95 82 81 104
Lowest on record................. 10 7 24 32 4 5 4£ 61 62 4£ 37 22 12 7
Precipitation:
Total, inches.___................. 3. 02 2.98 3.02 2. 5c 3. Of 4, 5( 6.81 0. 5c 4.55 3.27 2.14 2. 72 45. 22
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 1C C I 7 t 11 i; lc It 7 7 £ 113
Total snowfall, inches ....... « 0.1 (0 c C C ( I C C C 0.1 0.2
Percentage of possible sunshine...................
5£ 5£ 65 7? 72 6£ 65 65 08 0£ 68 56 05
Number of clear days............. 10 10 12 13 12 t 7 3 « 14 12 11 128
Hourly wind velocity, miles.-. 10.5 11.1 11.6 11.4 10.8 10.2 9.6 9.2 10.3 10.9 10.1 10.3 10.5
SOUTH DAKOTA, HURON
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 11.3 14.3 28. £ 45.1 56.4 66.2 71. f 69.4 01. J 47.7 31.5 18.7 43.6
Daily mean maximum........ 22.7 26.2 40. f 57. £ 68. £ 78.1 85. c 83.4 74. 5 60. £ 42.5 29.1 55.0
Dally mean minimum......... 1.7 5.2 19.7 34.1 44.3 55.4 60. c 57. £ 48. E 35.6 20.2 9.1 89. 7
Highest on record................. 64 70 85 94 10C 10C 111 lit 10C 94 7t 71 111
Lowest on record................ —43 -37 -25 5 2C 31 41 3c 18 - ( -28 -34 -48
Precipitation:
Total, inches......................... 0.56 0.54 0.91 2.24 2. 98 3.7£ 3.16 2. 4 i 1.57 1.28 0. 5£ 0. 57 20. 65
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 7 e t i 11 11 i £ 7 ( 5 7 95
Total snowfall, inches.......... 6.C 5.0 6.h 2.3 0.1 C C C « 0 . b 3. c 5.2 28.2
Percentage of possible sunshine......................................
56 64 63 63 95 7C 7e 71 65 oc 52 50 01
Numbor of clear days.............. u 10 10 10 11 11 14 15 IE in 11 10 140
Hourly wind velocity, miles... 10.6 10.8 11.7 12.7 11.8 10,0 9.6 9.1 10.7 10.8 10.4 10.0 10.8
TENNESSEE, NASHVILLEj
Temperature:
Monthly m ean.................... 38 6 41.6 49.2 69.0 68.2 76.6 79.1 77.8 71.8 01.0 40.0 41.0 59.3
Daily mean maximum........ 47.6 50.2 50.0 69.0 78. ft 85.7 88.7 87.7 82.2 71.4 58.3 49.2 08.9
Daily mean m inim um........ 31.2 32.9 40.4 49.6 68.4 66.6 70.1 68.7 02.2 50.3 39.9 33.2 50.3
Highest on record................ 78 79 89 90 96 101 106 1U6 104 92 81 75 106
Lowest on record.___ ____ - 1 0 -13 3 25 36 42 54 51 38 20 8 - 2 -13
Precipitation:
Total, inches......................... 4.70 4.13 5.11 4.13 3. 87 4.00 3.88 3.71 3.42 2.40 3. 50 4.20 47.20
Days with 0 .0 1 I n c h o r m o r e - 12 11 12 11 10 11 11 0 8 7 9 11 122
Total snowfall, inchos......... 2.4 2.7 1.8 « o ) 0 0 0 0 (>> 0.3 1.4 8 .1
Percentage of possible sunshine......................................
43 48 54 60 66 69 70 69 68 65 55 43 59
Number of clear days______ 8 7 9 9 10 9 10 12 13 15 u 8 m
Hourly wind velocity, miles,.. 10.2 10.5 11.1 10.6 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.2 7 .7 8.4 9 .5 9 .7 9 .1
TEXAS, FORT WORTH
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 45.4 48.3 67.7 65.0 72.3 79.9 83.6 83.0 76.9 66.7 65.6 47.5 65.2
Daily mean maximum. .. . 5 0 59.4 68.5 75.3 81.9 90.6 93.8 94.3 87.8 78.2 00.8 56.9 76.6
. Daily mean minimum......... 36.4 38 1 46.5 54.4 62.5 70.0 73.8 73.9 67.8 60.8 46.4 37.4 56.4
Highest on record................ 03 96 100 100 107 107 109 m 104 99 87 84 112
Lowest on record________ - 1 - 8 15 30 34 48 56 55 40 24 20 7 - 8
Precipitation:
Total, inches ...................... 2.05 1.76 2. 32 4.02 4. 05 3. 35 2. Cl 2.62 2.49 2.81 2, 58 1.87 33.13
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 6 7 7 7 9 6 5 5 6 0 0 6 75
Total snowfall, inches......... 0 .8 0 .6 0.3 « 0 0 0 0 0 M 0 .1 0 .6 2.4
Percentage of possible sunshine......................................
59 60 68 68 71 78 81 81 76 72 64 60 69
Number of clear days............. 12 11 13 11 11 13 15 15 16 16 14 13 160
Hourly wind velocity, miles... 10.3 10.7 11.6 11.5 10.7 10.4 9.5 9.2 9 .1 19.3 9.8 9.8 10.2
TEXAS, GALVESTON
Temperature:
Monthly moan.................. 53,8 56.3 62,4 68.7 74.8 80.7 83.4 83.0 80.1 72.7 63.3 56.4 69.6
Daily mean maximum........ 50.6 61.9 67.4 73.6 80.0 85.8 87.8 87.9 84.8 77.8 08.0 61.8 74.8
Daily moan minimum......... 48. G 51.0 57.3 64.3 71.(1 70.9 78.0 78.6 75.4 67.9 68.0 51. U 64.9
Highest on record .............. 70 83 85 86 93 99 101 1UU 90 94 85 80 101
Lowest on record................. 11 8 30 38 52 57 06 07 54 41 20 18 8
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 3.41 2.83 2.68 3.06 3.42 4.37 3.71 4. 28 6. 57 4.36 3. 33 3. 75 44.77
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 1ft 9 8 7 6 7 9 9 9 7 8 10 99
Total snowfall, inches......... « 0.3 (o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M 0.3
Percentage of possible sunshine......................................
51 51 55 62 69 76 72 70 70 74 62 49 63
Number of clear days.............. 10 9 10 11 12 15 14 14 15 18 13 1C 151
Hourly wind velocity, miles... 11.2 11.4 11.5 11.8 1 1.2 10.3 9.5 9.1 9.9 10.2 1 0.8 u . i 10.7
i Trace.

1 4 6 c l im a t e
N o. 14:8.— C l im a t ic C o n d it io n s, E tc.— Continued
STATION Jam Peb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
TEXAS, SAN ANTONIO
Annual
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 52.3 65.4 62.8 69.1 75.1 81.0 83.8 83.5 79.0 70.5 60.3 53.7 68.9
Daily mean maximum........ 62. y 66.2 73.3 70.7 85.0 91.3 94.0 94.6 39.3 81.5 71.0 63. 5 79.4
Daily mean minimum____ 42.0 45.3 51.9 58.0 65.3 71.2 73.2 73.2 69.3 60.2 51.3 44.5 58.9
Highest on record.-.............. 87 91 97 100 103 106 106 107 103 98 80 86 107
Lowest on record.—............ 6 4 21 35 44 48 60 57 46 32 22 15 4
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 1.46 1.65 1.84 3.19 3.20 2.46 2.17 2.42 3.05 2. 23 1.90 1.61 27.18
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 8 7 7 7 8 7 6 5 7 6 7 8 83
Total snowfall, inches.......... 0.2 0.1 « 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (0 0.2 0.5
Percentage of possible suns
h in e ....... ............................ 50 52 57 58 61 70 73 76 68 66 53 48 61
Number of clear day s............ 11 10 11 9 0 12 14 14 12 15 11 12 139
Hourly wind veloolty,miles.. 8.1 8.7 9.3 9.0 8.5 8.1 7.6 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.8 7.8 8.1
UTAH, SALT LAXE CITY
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 29.2 33.8 41.7 49.6 57.4 67.4 75.7 74.5 64.4 52.5 41.1 31.9 51.6
Daily mean maximum........ 36.5 41.4 60.6 59.9 68.0 79.8 88.7 86.8 76.5 03.2 49.5 38.9 61.7
Daily mean minimum......... 21.8 26.3 32.8 40.0 47.4 56.0 64.2 62.8 53.0 42.4 32.3 24.9 42.0
Highest on record.............. - 62 68 77 86 93 102 105 101 97 88 74 62 105
Lowest on record................. -20 -13 0 18 25 32 43 42 29 22 - 2 -10 -20
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 1.31 1.51 1.98 2.05 1.92 0.80 0.51 0.85 0.98 1.44 1.35 1.43 16.13
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 10 10 10 9 8 5 4 6 5 6 7 10 89
Total snowfall, inches_____ u .s 10.6 m i 3.4 0.3 (0 C 0 to 1.0 5.5 11.3 53.9
Percentage of possible sunshine...................................
46 4£ 57 64 60 78 79 77 77 09 58 46 64
Number of clear days.............. 8 7 1C 10 12 17 18 17 18 10 12 8 153
Hourly wind velocity, miles._ 6.7 7.7 8.1 8.6 8.6 8.5 8.1 7.0 8.0 7.4 6.6 6.3 7.7
VERMONT, NORTHEIELD
Temperature;
Monthly mean..................... 15.2 16.4 26.4 40.3 52.8 61.3 65.0 63.4 56.1 45.5 32.8 20.4 41.4
Daily mean maximum........ 26.8 26.4 37.0 49.8 64.3 69,0 77.7 74,9 67.9 55.9 41.7 20.6 51.7
Daily moan minimum......... 5.1 5.4 16.2 20.3 40.2 48.0 53.7 50.4 44.3 34.4 24.5 11.0 30.4
Highest on record................. 62 61 75 85 0? 9C 93 96 92 85 72 65 98
Lowest on record___ _____ -32 -35 -22 -3 It 2£ 34 31 2C £ -14 -41 -41
Precipitation:
Total, inches........................ 2.35 2.25 2, 56 2.28 2. 75 3.10 3.53 3.63 3.07 2.80 2.93 2.49 33.84
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 14 11 12 12 1? 13 14 12 12 12 13 13 152
Total snowfall, inches____ 18.4 18.2 14.2 6.4 0) 0 0 0 0 0.9 8.2 14. 5 82.6
Percentage of possible sunshine....................................
32 4£ 5: 4t 5c 53 51 57 50 43 30 31 48
Number of clear days.............. fi ( 7 6 ( 5 5 6 7 6 3 4 66
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 7.8 8.0 8.1 8.2 7.7 6.9 6.6 a. 3 6.2 7.9 7.9 7.4 7.3
VIRGINIA, RICHMOND
Temperature:
Monthly mean__________ 37.0 39.6 47.2 56.6 66.5 74.1 78.5 76.5 70.5 59.6 48.3 39.8 57.9
Daily mean maximum........ 48. ( 48.6 58. * 67.1 77. ( 83.7 87.7 85.7 80.5 70.3 58. 7 48.6 67.8
Daily mean minimum......... 30.2 29.8 37.1 45.6 55.5 63. i 68. 1 07.1 61.2 49.2 38.9 31.3 48.2
Highest on record................ 78 82 ft 96 0f 104 105 107 101 94 82 77 107
Lowest on record—.............. - ] 1* 11 35 41 52 49 41 28 14 —2 —3
Precipitation:
Total, inches....... - .............. 3.21 3.17 3.68 3.41 3.71 3.90 4.73 4.42 3.25 2.88 2.21 3.29 2.02
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 11 1( i: 1( 12 11 1] 11 10 7 7 ID 121
Total snowfall, inches......... '6 A 3 .? . 2/ 0.4 0 0 0 c c IV ? 2.8
Percentage of possible sun-
4i 5. 51 a 40 60
It 1C 1 12
Xu
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 8.2 8. 9. 8.r 7.C 6.C 6.4 6.1 6.5 6.£ 7.4 7.5 7,4
1Trace.

CLIMATE 147
N o. 1 4 8 .— C l im a t ic C o n d it io n s, E tc .— Continued
STATION Jan. Fob. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oet. Nov. Dec- Annual
WASHINGTON, SEATTLE
Temperature:
Monthly mean..................... 39.5 41.1 44.9 49.4 54.5 59.0 63.1 63.1 58.1 51.4 45.6 41.7 51.0
Daily mean maximum____ 44.4 47.3 51.7 57.7 63.2 68.3 73.2 72.8 06.0 58.6 50.9 46.3 58.4
Daily mean minimum......... 35.7 36.6 39.0 42.3 47.1 51.7 64.8 55.0 51.6 46.7 41.3 37.8 45.0
Highest on record................. 07 70 81 85 92 98 95 92 92 82 68 65 98
-Lowest on record____ 3 4 20 30 36 40 46 40 30 2!) 15 12 3
Precipitation:
Total, inches......................... 4.04 3.8£ 3.05 2.38 1.87 1.33 Q. 03 0.70 1.77 2. 84 5.03 5.60 34.03
Bays with 0.01 inch or more. 10 16 le 13 12 £ 4 5 0 13 17 18 151
Total snowfall, inches.......... 5.1 3. £ o.s 0.2

1 4 8 CLIMATE
N o. 1 4 8 .— C l im a t ic C o n d it io n s, E t c .— Continued
STATION Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Not. Dec.
Annual
ALASKA, JUNEAU
Temperature:
Monthly mean.................... 27.fi 30.0 33.7 40.6 47.7 54.2 56.8 55,4 50.3 43.3 35.0 30.6 42.2
Daily mean maximum........ 81. 5 34.6 38.9 47.0 55.3 62.5 (18. 7 61.8 66.3 48.1 40.1 34.4 47.8
Daily mean minimum........ 24.2 25.5 29. C 34.3 40.1 46.1 40.9 49.4 44.4 38.7 31.4 26.6 36.6
Highest on record................ 54 57 61 69 81 87 89 87 77 66 64 60 89
Lowest on record................ -15 —15 -5 13 24 33 3E 36 29 13 -1 -10 -15
Precipitation:
Total, inches....................... 7.27 5.6C 5.47 5.44 5.32 3.92 5.05 7.31 10.31 11.10 9.02 7.52 83.39
Days with 0.01 inch or more. 15 17 18 18 17 17 18 2C 23 2(1 2f! 219
Total snowfall, inches......... 28.8 24.6 14. C 14.8 0.1 C 0 0 0.1 1.5 9,4 26.0 109.3
Percentage of possiblo sunshine.....................................
24 30 37 37 37 39 29 29 27 18 22 24 29
Number of clear days........... . 5 5 6 5 5 6 5 6 5 3 5 6 02
Hourly wind velocity, miles.. 7.4 7.7 7.2 6.4 6.1 5.6 5.2 4.8 5.8 7.2 7.8 8.0 6.6
HAWAII, HONOLULU
Temperature:
Monthly m ean.................. 70. C ■70.E 71.4 73. C 74.8 76.6 77.7 78.4 78.2 76.8 74.5 72.4 74.0
Daily mean maximum........ 70. a 76.5 76.7 78.1 80.1 81.7 82,7 83.5 83.3 82.0 79.7 77.7 79.8
Daily mean minimum____ 05.8 65.8 00. li

8. MILITARY AND CIVIL SERVICES, ELECTIONS, AND
CONGRESSIONAL REPRESENTATION
No. 149.— A rm y o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s — S t r e n g t h o f C o m p o n e n t P a r t s :
1890 t o 1939
N o t e .— Prior to 1 9 1 4 , table covers quinquennial years and years in which considerable changes occurred
In the number of Regular Army. Figures for Officers* Reserve Corps include Regular A rm y enlisted
men and also, prior to 1 9 2 4 , National Guard officers holding commissions in the Reserve. There isf
therefore, some duplication in the grand totals, but the number of this personnel is not so great as to
make a material difference in the figures
J U N E a o —
Grand
total
1800......... 136, 024
1895......... 140, 051
1000......... 223, 306
1901 .................... 200, 696
1902 .................... 186,806
1905...... 178, 269
1908......... 187,309
1009......... 203,386
1910......... 200,378
1012......... 213,313
1914......... 226,810
1015......... 236, 410
1910......... 244,483
Total
R E G U L A R A R M Y 1 N A T IO N A L G U A RD 1 R E S E R V E F O R C E S
27,080
27,172
68,156
81,680
75, 684
60,066
78,428
84,450
80,718
91,461
97, 700
105, 098
107, 041
1917 .................... 029,863 250.367
1018......... 2,246,103 741, 084
1918
3,673,888
....................
(Nov. 11)
**3,673, S8S
1919 .................... 931,422 836,882
1920 .................... 363,640 200.367
1921 .................... 407.620 227,874
1922 .................... 373,697 146,069
1923 .................... 370,042 130, 064
1924 .................... 397,794 140, 644
1926......... 400, 162 134,624
1020......... 410,902 133,033
1027 .................... 421,610 133, 079
1028 .................... 426,075 134,331
1020........ 421, 466 137,360
1030......... 426,826 137,472
1031 .................... 439,081 138,648
1032 .................... 440,162 133,042
1933 .................... 445,449 135, Oil
1934 __________ 440,764 136,970
1036.......... 440,788 137,960
1936 ........ 474,353 ICO, 114
1937 _____ 484.620 178,101
1038......... 490,810 183,447
1939__ . . . 607,160 187,886
Officers
2,108
2,164
2,480
2,940
3,731
3,934
8,966
4,208
4,430
4,650
4,883
4,798
5,025
6,332
10, 518
“ 188, 434
"78,003
" 15, 610
>s 14,124
>114,076
>•12,082
"12,501
"12,909
>113,105
" 13,175
" 13,174
»13,168
" 13,195
" 13,205
>i 13,153
>i 13, 223
>i 13,147
>i 12,862
>112,902
ii 13,108
ii 13,296
ii 13,807
Enlisted
men Total Officers
"3,485,454
758,879
184,848
213,250
131,004
118,282
128,143
121,715
119,928
119,904
121,157
124,192
124,277
125,443
110,889
121,788
123,823
125,008
153,212
164,993
170,151
174,079
Enlisted
men
Total
24,921 109,635 8,566 100,980
25,018 112,879 0,227 103,052
65,069 122,213 8,246 113,987 3,361
71,853 110,221 (•) (')
63,022 111, 313 8,080 102,633
72,402 110,941 8,683 102,358
80,251 118,926 8,975 109,951
76,270 119,060 9,166 110,505
80,811 121,852 9,142 112,710
92,877 128,043 8,792 119,251 816
101,196 129,398 8,705 120,693 * 19
102,616 132,194 8,589 123,605 * 4,648
244,025 •314,581 '11,000 303,581 04,925
730,666 ‘ 445,678 ' 12,000 1433,678 1,059,341
37,210 1,108
56,090 2,073
113,640 6,843
159,658 8,744
160,508 9,675
177,428 '• 10,996
177,525 i* 11,506
174,960 "11,435
181,142 " 12,102
181,221 " 12,428
176,988 "12,535
182,715 "12,930
187,386 " 13,249
187,412 « 13,649
185,025 " 13,509
184,701 " 13,607
185,915 " 13,671
189,173 " 13,721
192,161 " 14,110
197,188 " 14,443
199,491 " 14,066
36,012
54,017
107,797
150,014
150,923
166,432
165,930
163,534
168,950
168,793
164,453
169,785
174,137
173,863
172,356
171,284
172,344
175,452
178,061
182,745
184,825
57,330
107,083
66,006
67,870
78,480
79,722
94,013
102,900
107,208
110,523
107,118
106,638
113,047
119,708
124,513
119,003
116,913
119,066
114,358
116,175
119,773
Officers Enlistod
men
>1,531
>350
*31,467
»3, Oil
•ifi
n o
•4,048
1923, 001
«45,573
>68,232
>06,905
>67,300
«76,923
8 76,322
8 88,80S
97,125
8101,563
8 105,059
101,917
>108,210
«114,836
»119,185
8114,357
8112,590
8115,169
8 111, 169
8 113,177
8116,719
• 11,767
• 33,861
" 1
w 480
“ 1,657
“ 3,400
“ 5,116
“ 6,775
» 5,736
“ 6,404
“ 5,191
“ 4,721
“ 4,837
“ 4,872
“ 5,023
“ 4,040
“ 4, 323
“ 3,897
i* 3,189
“ 2,998
“ 3,064
»Includes Philippine Scouts beginning with 1902. Figures for 1019 to 1626, inclusive, include in most
eases World War emergency personnel still in service. All emergency enlisted men still in service were
discharged on July 2,1921. On Nov. 11,1026, the last emergency officer was discharged, thereby completing
th o demobilization of the World War Army. Retired personnel on active duty are not included.
3 State militia prior to act of June 3, 1916.
8 U . S. Volunteers.
1 Figures on officers and enlisted men not available.
* Regular Army Reserve. The Regular Army Reserve was abolished by act of June 4, 1920.
6 Includes National Guard personnel in Federal service.
1 Estimate.
1 Officers* Reserve Corps. Beginning with 1924, figures do not inolude Individuals who hold commissions
also in the National Guard.
• Includes Regular Army Reserve, 8,382; Enlisted Reserve Corps, 35,000 (estimate).
“ Includes Ofllcors* Reserve Corps, 86,262; National Array, 40.118 (estimate).
Estimated enlisted strength of the National Army. Practically all members of the Regular Army
R eserve and the Enlisted Reserve Corps had, by this date, been assigned to duty with Regular Army,
N ational Guard, and National Army organizations.
u Estimates only. Under orders of the Secretary of War all components had been m ergedinto 1 army
k now n as “ The United States Army.**
“ Beginning with 1019, figures for commissioned officers include warrant officers in the following numbers:
1019, 37; 1920, 68; 1921,1,159; 1922, 1,151; 1923, 1,085; 1924, 1,063; 1925, 1,028; 1926,1,325; 1927, 1,262;
1928, 1,208; 1929, 1,138; 1930,1,089; 1931,1,028; 1932, 973; 1933,920; 1934, 860; 1935, 825; 1036, 784; 1937, 794;
1938, 782; 1930,776.
h Enlisted Reserve Corps.
10 Beginning with 1924, figures for commissioned officers include warrant officers in the following num ­
bers: 1024, 87; 1925, 100; 1026,162; 1927,182; 1028,184; 1929, 188; 1930,108; 1031, 198) 1932, 204; 1933, 205;
3934,198; 1035,201; 1936,198; 1937, 204; 1938, 207; 1039, 211.
Source: War Department, Annual Report of Secretary and records.
149

150 MILITARY AND CIVIL SERVICES, ELECTION'S, ETC.
No. 150.— N a t i o n a l G u a r d — O r g a n i z e d S t r e n g t h , b y S t a t e s : J u n e 30, .1939
STATE
Officers
1
tin -
liste d
m e n
STATE
O fficers
1
E n ­
liste d
m en
STATE OR TERRI­
TORY
Offlc
o r e 1
’ -*«*«»
Enlis
te d
m e n
T otal........................ 4,088 184,828
A la b a m a ................... 227 2,043
A rizon a .................. S4 1,208
A rk an sas.................. 204 2,522
C aliforn ia................. 833 7,078
C olorad o_________ 173 1,881
C o n n ecticu t............
D ela w a re...............
336
66
4,075
831
D is t. of C ol........... 110 1,584
F lorid a........... .......... 186
G eorgia..................... 201
Id a h o ................ ........ 122
Illin o is___________ 729
In d ian a 374
Io w a .................. .. 200
V fm sns 267
K en tu c k y .............. 224
2.388
3,232
1,393
0,851
4,514
3.713
3,024
2.713
' In clu d es 2 1 1 w arran t officers,
Louisiana...............
M a in e .........................
M a r y la n d .................
M a ssa c h u se tts-__
M ich ig a n _________
M in n eso ta ................
M ississip p i..............
M isso u ri............. . . .
M o n ta n a _________
N eb ra sk a _________
N o v a d a ......................
N o w H a m p s h ir e ..
N e w Jersey.............
N e w M ex ico_____
N e w Y o r k ..............
N o rth C a r o lin a ...
N o rth D a k o ta___
O h i o . . . ...............1__
153 2 ,0 6 0 O klah om a................ 41(1 4 ,9 1 5
188 2 ,3 9 3 O regon....................... 255 3 ,3 2 0
262 3 ,2 5 0 P e n n sy lv a n ia ......... 872 1 1 ,1 7 6
707 9 ,4 8 2 R h o d e Isla n d ......... 173 1 ,9 2 9
387 4 ,0 1 7 Sou th C a r o lin a ... 184 2 ,2 7 4
377 4 ,7 7 8 South D a k o ta___ 114 1 ,3 2 6
178 2 ,0 9 2 T e n n e s se e .......... .. 218 2, 396
326 4 ,1 7 3 T ex a s......................... 712 8 ,4 0 3
84 1 ,2 0 0 U ta h ............................ 149 1, 008
131 1, G85 V erm ont.................... 93 1 ,2 3 2
21 270 V irgin ia.................... 272 3 ,0 3 7
103 1 ,3 6 7 W ash in gton ............. 263 2 ,8 6 5
460 6 ,6 0 1 W est V irgin ia____ 131 1 ,8 2 2
79 035 W isconsin ............— 384 4 ,8 7 2
1 ,4 3 3 10,404 W yom in g.......... — 62 796
273 3 ,2 2 3
96 1,238 H aw aii............. ......... 110 1 ,7 8 4
721 8 ,7 6 6 P uerto R ico ______ 102 | 1 ,4 7 0
No. 151.—Navy, M arine Corps, N a v a l R eserve, and M arine Corps
R eserve—O rganized S tre n g th : 1905 to 1939
JUNE 80—
Officers
NAVY NAVAL RKHKItVK > MARINE CORPS
E nlisted
men
Officers
E n listed
m en
Officers
E nlisted
m en
m a r i n e c o r p s
RESERVE
Offieors
E n listed
men
1 9 0 6 .. .
1910—
1915—
1 9 2 0 .. .
1 9 2 2 .. .
1 9 2 3 .. .
1 9 2 4 .. .
1925—,
1 9 2 0 -
1 9 2 7 -
1928..
1 9 2 9 -
1030..
1 9 3 1 -
1932..
1983.
1934.
1935-
1936.
1037.
1938.
1039.
-
2,262
2,921
3 ,7 8 0
9,1 7 1
7,831
7,873
8,126
8,389
8,674
8,904
8,863
8,006
H, 085
9,200
9,423
0,449
9,682
9,721
0,736
9,820
. 10,172
. 10,597
30,804
45,070
52,561
107,601
88,580
82,355
87,8.27
84,289
82,101
83,506
84,276
85,284
84,872
80,863
81,093
79,200
80,312
82,818
93, DM
100,161
104,848
110,187
405
540
60S
‘ 28,482
>5,340
4,222
3,976
3,818
3,736
3,771
4,091
6,078
7,002
7,549
7,889
7,978
8,557
9,671
*11,187
*12,287
*13,395
*14,018
4 ,4 7 6
5 ,9 6 1
7 ,7 0 6
1,3 4 9
»13, 400
16, 098
21, 015
24,457
25,054
26, 293
27, 072
28,821
31, 777
34, 586
34,802
32,889
32,309
32,049
33,029
37,138
40,012
41,985
273
334
344
1,106
1,142
1,140
1,157
1 ,168
1,178
1,200
1,198
1,182
1 ,212
1,184
1,196
1,102
1,187
1,183
1,208
1,312
1,358
1,331
0,932
9,152
9,908
16,061
20,098
18, 533
19,176
18,310
17,956
18,000
17,822
17, 015
18,172
17, 686
16,365
14,876
16,174
10,007
10,040
16,911
16,097
18,013
1 Naval M ilitia prior to 1917. 1 Enrolled. 'Approxim ate.
* Includes Aviation Cadets: 1938,369; 1937,664; 1938,812; 1939, 1,032.
‘ Includes Aviation Cadets: 1936,25; 1937, 60; 1938, 63; 1939, 83.
504
440
180
137
160
250
378
418
445
488
580
557
642
045
689
*715
‘ 848
‘ 923
‘ 1,061
4 ,7 5 0
1,110
443
601
483
2,047
5 ,086
8,300
9,119
10,285
6,426
8 ,4 3 7
8,7 4 2
7,6 7 6
8,3 7 8
9,737
11,796
13,944
14,964
N o . 152.—V essels q t th e U. S. Navy P it fo r Service (Including Those
U nder R epair)—Number a n d Displacem ent: 1906 to 1939
DATE
N um ­
ber
TOTAL FIGHTING SHIPS NONFIGHTING SHIPS
Displacem
ent
N um ­
ber
N um ­
ber
Displacement
Displacement
June 30; Tons Tons Tons
.............................................. 270 892, 692 200 618,116 70 174, 477
1010................................................................. 308 1,075,407 220 828,695 88 240, 712
1915................................................................. 843 1,352,136 230 913,334 HE 438,801
1929— ................................ -.......................... 705 2,111,457 018 1,309.880 177 741, 577
1925................................................................ 754 2,274, 370 567 1,269,791 187 1, 004,586
1030—............................- .............................. 685 2, 228, fll7 651 1, 305, 744 134 922,873
December 31:
1935................- .............................................. 565 2,043, 024 436 1,165,780 129 687,844
m e ................................................................. 550 2,048, 384 416 1,155, 560 134 802,824
1937..................... .......................................... 555 1,720, SOS 424 1,214,340 131 506,528
1938................................................................ 661 1,773, 688 422 1,279,136 129 494,453
1939................—.............................. ............. 683 1,808, 013 445 1,343,160 138 625,453
Sources: T a b le ISO, W a r D e p a rtm e n t, A n n u a l R e p o rt of S e c re ta ry and records. T ables 151 a n d 162,
N a v y D e p a rtm e n t records*

NAVY VESSELS— AMERICAN RED CROSS 151
N o . 1 5 3 .— V e s s e l s o p t h e TJ. S. N a v y F i t f o b S e r v ic e ( I n c l u d in g T h o s e
U n d e r R e p a ir )— N u m b e r a n d D is p l a c e m e n t , b y T y p e : D e c . 31,1939
N o t e .—Displacements of all vessels arc given as standard displacement except floating drydock, Ardi,
certain miscellaneous auxiliaries, and unclassified vessels, which are given as load displacement, vessels
under construction Dec. 31,1939 (exclusive of those in experimental program), were as follows: 8 battleships,
300,000 tons; 4 light cruisers, 24,000 tons; 2 aircraft carriers, 34,500 tons; 30 destroyers, 48,460 tons;
14 submarines, 19,300 tons; 1 mine layer, 6,000 tons; 2 mine sweepers, 1,300 tons; 2 destroyer tenders, 18,900
tons; 1 submarine tender, 9,250 tons; 2 seaplane tenders, 17,250 tons; 4 seaplane tenders (small), 6,780
tons; 1 repair ship, 9,100 tons; 3 ocean-going tugs, 3,450 tons; total, 74 vessels, 498,290 tons. In addition
to new construction for combatant vessels authorized by acts of Mar. 27, 1934, and M ay 17, 1938, for
w hich funds have not been appropriated, 2 light cruisers, 2 mine sweepers, 2 destroyer tenders, 2 subm
arine tenders, 2 seaplane tenders, 3 seaplane tenders (small), 2floating drydocks, 2oilers, and 1 transport
have been authorized but contracts have not been placed
C L A S S A N D T Y P E
Grand total. _.
Battleships, total...
N ot over age.......
Over age...............
Cruisers, total3___
H eavy:
N o t over age__
L ight:
N o t over agea_„
Over age...........
Aircraft carriers___
N o t over ago.......
Destroyers, total___
N o t over age.......
Over ag e.............
Subm arines, total..
N o t over ago.......
Over age...............
M in e laying—
n o t over age___
M ine vessels, total._
M in e layers____
L ig h t mine layers—over
age...
M in e sweepers__
Patrol vessels, total.
E agles..................
Subm arine chasers
IN C O M M IS­
S IO N 1
O U T O F COM -
M TSStO N
Num ­
ber
Number
Displacement
Displacement
Tons
403 1,646,414 121
Tons
222, 199
15 464,800
14 438,200
1 26,100
97 328,976
18 171,200
17 143, 675
2 14,100
5 a 120,100
5 s 120,100
* 182 *236,070 36 38,670
* 67 *104,260
115 131,810 36 38,970
5 63 • 71,175 87 27,035
* 80 ■44,185 1 1,475
32 24,280 30 26,460
1 2,710
31 32,080 5 7, 560
1 4,200 1 4,200
8 9,400
22 18,480 4 3,360
80 14,966 4 1,030
8 3,440 1 430
11 825 2 150
CLASS A N D T Y P E
IN COM M IS­
S IO N 1
O U T O F. COM ­
M IS S IO N
Number
Displacement
Number
Displacement
Patrol vessels—
Con. Tons Tons
5 7,680
River gunboats— 5 2,310 1 450
1 710
Auxiliaries, total__ 87 334,102 29 115,270
Destroyer tenders. G 40,000 2 13,425
Submarine tenders....................
6 30,045 1 6,076
Seaplane tenders. 3 25,100
Seaplane tenders,
small................ U 9,750 5 5.950
Repair ships____ 2 14,750 1 0, 625
F loating dry-
1 2,482
Store ships.......... 2 9,980 2 9,960
2 12,550
Oilers.................. 11 62,255 8 39,720
A m m unition
2 14,050
Cargo ships......... 3 12,210 2 8,930
3 9.6 nso
1 7! 276
Ocean-going tugs. 19 15,555 3 2,160
Submarine rescue
vessels.............. 5 5,300 1 960
1 8,725
Miscellaneous__ 13 69,300 8 200
Unclassified........... 12 44,647 n o 131,434
1Includes vessels in reduced commission. 3 includes 2 light cruisers in commission but not completed.
* Excludes weight allowance under Washington Treaty for providing against air and submarine attack.
* Includes 9 destroyers in commission but not completed.
8 Includes 4 submarines in commission but not completed.
* IT. S. S. C u y a h o g a in service b ut not in commission.
7 Includes U. S. S. C o n s titu tio n , in service but not in commission.
N o . 1 5 4 . — A m e r ic a n N a t io n a l R e d C r o s s — E x p e n d it u r e s a n d A d u l t
M e m b e r s h ip : Y e a r s E n d e d J u n e 30, 1931 to 1939
N o t e .—-Expenditures in thousands o f dollars. Expenditures do not include chapter budgets. For the
fiscal year 1939, additional expenditures by the 3,710 chapters were estimated at about $7,160,000
A d u lt membership (thousands):
T o ta l, including insular and foreign.
Continental U, S., including Alaska.
Percent of total population*___ -
Expenditures, total.............................
1931 1932 1933 1934 1936 1936 1937 1938 1939
4,076
3,962
3.2
15,182
4,004
3,900
3.1
6,653
3,702
3,608
2.0
3,674
3,802
3,711
2.9
3,717
3,838
3,734
2.9
2,946
4,138
4,027
3.2
7,683
4,904
4,774
3.7
25,985
5,524
5,380
4.2
10,360
D E T A I L O F E X P E N D IT U R E S a 1938 1939 D E T A IL O F E X P E N D IT U R E S * 1938 1939
D isaster relief_________
D om estic___________
In su la r and foreign___
C ivilian re lie f................
N u rsin g service...............
F irs t aid, life saving, etc.
W ar se rv ic e .-..................
Ju n io r R ed Cross_____
7,440
6,717
723
192
370
596
145
2,623
2,276
347
21
221
378
619
149
General service and assistance to
chapters___________________
Public information and roll call,
including assistance to chapters.
League of Red Cross Societies___
Other...................... .......................
Supervision of sorvice activities
and general management___. ..
5, 069
5, 506
4.2
5,041
058 598
416 417
78
69 187
395 428
1 B ased on revised population estimates of the Bureau of the Census.
3 A ctivities common to all services, such as central stenographic section, flies, etc., have been prorated
to th e various services according to tne use that the services make of them.
Sources: Table 153, Navy Department records. Table 164, The American National Red Cross; annual
rep o rt, except as noted,

1 5 2 MILITARY AND CIVIL SERVICE'S, ELECTIONS, ETC.
No. 155.— V e t e r a n s ’ A d m i n i s t r a t i o n a n d P r e d e c e s s o r O r g a n i z a t i o n s —
D i s b u r s e m e n t s f o r R e l i e f o f V e t e r a n s
N o t e ,—In thousands of dollars. The Veterans’ Administration is responsible for extending to veterans
and dependents of deceased veterans certain benefits provided by law; namely, pensions and compensation,
insurance, adjusted compensation, emergency officers’ retirement pay for veterans of the World
War, and hospital and domiciliary care for veterans of all wars
Y EA TtS E N D E D
J U N E 3 0 —
To Juno 30,1022-
1923 ........
1924 ........
1925 ........
1920......................
1927 ........
1928 ........
1929 ........
1930 ........
1931 ........
1932 ........
1933 ........
1934 ........
1935 ........
1936 ........
1937 ........
1938 ........
1939 ........
Grand total__
YEAES ENDED
JUNE 30—
Total for
relief of
veterans
8,472,049
743,635
654,786
620,823
653,404
644,062
059,871
673,289
684,023
759,367
841,437
833,409
545,838
600,916
3,839,120
803,004
029,830
600,222
Total
6,702,765
388,607
345,490
346,748
372,281
403,630
410,765
418,821
418,433
48S, 389
>545,800
a 550, 585
* 321,395
3 374,426
3 399,010
> 396,046
* 402,784
2 416,719
Span-
isb-
American
War
i.41 OOI
21,140
26,000
30,223
67,233
70,674
76,846
83,761
102,260
113,758
126,306
66,014
77,763
108,684
114,924
118,183
125,208
PENSIONS AND COMPENSATION
Civil
War
5,985,182
238,625
203,000
186,208
171,006
106,493
149,669
143,564
125,785
121,904
107,866
98,273
69,815
63,630
66,037
46,590
39,233
33,179
Total
369,544
125,619
115,516
129,615
164,464
173,493
181,816
188,947
190,245
253,984
313,280
315,576
184,198
219,851
221,156
219,469
230,203
242,866
Death
compensation
i
World War
60,238
18,552
19,412
25,474
31,199
29,344
30,824
31,049
32,970
31,446
36,719
35,58G
32,786
OU, I OK!
36,154
44,983
55,825
Serviceconnected
disability
compensation
1
299,306
107,067.
96,103
104,141
133,255
144,149
150,992
163,102
155,045
181,911
189,550
184,834
139,446
171,877
169,382
166,418
106,875
166,949
Emergency
officers’
retirement
pay
4,796
11,229
10,938
11,553
9,969
2,181
2,700
3, 283
3,130
3,117
2,991
Disability
allowance
or nonservice
29,600
75,458 .
86,187
9,785
11,543
12,710
13,769
15,227
17,100
23,360,159313,702,602 1,412,176 8,006,683 3,838,831 622,063 2,880,403 65,906 270,450
PENSIONS AND
COMPENSA­
TION—
continued
Other
wars
Allotments
and allowances
Regular
establishment
United
States
Military
and naval
Insurance
Government
life
insurance
Adjustedservice
certificates3
Adjusted
service
and dependent
pay
Hospital
and domiciliary
facilities
and
services—
construction
Administration,
etc.*
All
other
209,689 60,704 328,458 8,189 917 513,411 683,448 334,861
192J.................... 2,643 3,533 99,418 6,700 2,644 97,000 8 274 149,529
1924..................... 2,513 3,321 101,240 7,482 9,215 84,382 13 ]00i 066
1925..................... 2,475 3.350 104,136 8.962 4,607 3,038 3,895 88,924 10 60,501
1020..................... 2,342 3,65C 136,975 9,882 15,355 6,626 4,511 83,005 ‘ if 25,819
1027..................... 2,693 3,812 120,964 11,804 14,408 9.960 4,690 77,498 •188 2,228
1028................... 4,610 4.OOf 120, 771 17,664 17,098 10,163 5,222 78,020 H i 238
1029................— 4,031 4,60a 121, 340 22.302 19,746 6,453 4,044 80,524 • 9 60
1030..................... 4,956 4,607 122,70S 24,677 20,131 3,130 8,241 80,693 2 45
1031__________ 4,885 5,271 117,924 25,952 19,392 2,463 ' 9,040 06,120 5 82
1032..................... 4,903 5,007 123,741 28,737 23.216 2.48C 12,876 104,360 s 219
1033..................... 5,005 6,4(X 123,0311 28,002 24,621 2,252 13.517 90,812 £ 603
1031..................... 3,915 7,832 103, 208 20,073 23,413 1,895 8 3,171 66,484 3 136
1036_______ . . . . 4,031 9.232 100,356 27,172 25; 562 1,361 •2,903 77,807 ■i 331
1930__________ 3,905 0,711 94,025 28,20(1 3,228,42! 1,00C 8 2.938 83,181 »i 2,160
1037..................... 3,621 11,411 88,052 29,306 282,65C 1,54C 8 8,964 84,741 2,594
1038.................... 3,636 11,515 82,522 31,636 13,83* 1,352 8 9,347 85.881 2,473
1939..................... 3,522 11,840 38,394 35,331 7,414 1,185 810,958 87,900 o 2,321
Grand to tal.,. 8274,091 170,862 2,127,400 378,379 3,739,878 53,986 *117,001 1,966,712 582,942 691,168
i Includes pension payments to a small number of veterans and dependents of vetorans.
>Includes disbursements to participants in yellow-fever experiments: 1932, $24,000; 1933, $26,000; 1034,
$18,000; 1935, $18,000; 1930, $17,000; 1937, $16,000; 1938, $15,000; 1939, $16,000; total to June 30,1939, $149,000.
5 Represents payments mado on adjusted-service certificates and amounts reimbursed to "0. S. Government
life-insurance fund on account of loans made from that fund on certificates under provisions of World
War Adjusted Compensation Act as amended, and of Adjusted Compensation Payment Act, 1930.

VETERANS!’ a d m i n i s t r a t i o n 1 5 3
N o . 1 5 6 .— P en sio ns, C ompensation, D isability Allowance, and E mergency
Officers’ R etirem ent P ay— Living Veterans R ec eiv in g B e n e f it s,
D eceased Veterans W hose D ependents W e r e R eceiving B e n e f it s, and
D isbursem ents for B e n e f it s: 1866 to 1939
NUMBER ON ROLLS
JU N E 30 OR
YEAR ENDED
JU N E 8 0 - Total Living
I860.
1870.
1875.
1880.
1885.
1890.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
1900.
1907.
1908.
1909.
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
J uNiii 30
126,722
198,086
234,821
250,802
345,125
537,944
970,524
976,014
993,714
991,519
903,529
997,735
999, m
990,545
994,702
998,441
985,971
907,371
951,687
946,104
921,083
892,008
860,294
820,200
785,239
55,652
87,521
122,989
145,410
247,146
415,654
751.456
747,492
758,611
754,104
752,510
748,649
739,443
729,356
720,921
717, 761
701,483
680,479
658,581
633,085
602,622
570.456
538,302
503,633
470,623
1 1 )0
111, 832
105,392
97,979
122,290
219,068
228,522
235,203
237,415
241,019
240,080
260,003
207,189
273,841
280,680
284,488
286,892
203,106
313,159
318,461
321,642
321,932
316,567
314,616
TOTAL VETERANS, ALL WARS
AND REGULAR ESTABLISH­
MENT
T otal'
Living
1020............. 769,543 410,627
1625.......... 700,139 456,330
1030_____ 840,833 342,010
1034.......... 838,855 381,225
1985............. 838,937 886,966
1936.......... 852, 032 600,662
1037 .................... 841,037 698,610
1038 .................... 836, 953 600, 848
1939........ 842,431 002,767
15,450
29.351
29,270
56,689
65,172
106.094
139,812
139,950
144,652
138,355
138,462
138,631
137,604
137,760
141.094
141,143
(39,000
138,155
153,093
161.974
159.974
157,325
152,986
174,172
172,418
JUNE 30 OR
YEAR ENDED
JUNE SO—
NUMBER ON ROLLS
Total
1915___ 748,147
1910___ 700,572
1917 __________ 673, 111
1918 ___ 649,497
1010____ 673.832
1020____ 769,543
1921___ 708,672
1922.— 772,370
1923 __________ 778,180
1924 __________ 762,547
1925 __________ 790,130
1926 __________ 807,088
1927 ___ 816,380
1928 ___ 834,304
1929 ___ 831,964
1930 __________ 840.833
1931 __________ 1,079,987
1032___ 1,278,046
1933 __________ 1,270,667
1934 __________ 838,855
1935 __________ 838.937
1936 ____ 852,032
1937 __________ 841.937
1938 __________ 836,953
1939 __________ 842,431
NUMBER ON ROLLS BY WARS *
Dec
e a se d 1
849,916
333,609
298,223
257, 630
252,982
251,470
243,427
236,105
230,674
WAR WITH
MEXICO
148 2,423
17 1,257
630
351
204
247
221
195
168
INDIAN WARS
3,745
3,924
5,454
4,370
3,899
3,513
3,119
2,814
2,525
Living
CIVIL WAR
437,723
403,872
370,147
341,032
338,216,
419,627
422,691
430,942
436,776
427,163
456,630
472,623
489,805
516,500
625,061
542,610
790,782
994,351
997,918
>581,226
685,955
600,562
598,510
000,848
602,767
Living
Deceased
Living
Deceased
Living Dec
e a se d
2, 483
3,034
4,191
4,006
4,745
4, 648
4, 590
4, 426
4, 251
243,629
120,626
49,018
18,455
13, 273
9,664
7,0S1
5,048
3,510
290,100
241,193
107,674
112,577
100,290
87,543
76,131
66,873
57,015
D e­
ceased
Deceased
Disbursements
(thous.
of dollars)
Disbursements
(thous.
of dollars)
310,424 105,518
306,200 169,155
302,964 100,895
307,865 180,177
335,016 233,401
349,916 310,418
345,881 380,026
341,437 377,158
341,404 388,007
335.394 345,490
333, 609 346,748
334,465 372,281
326, 575 403.630
317,798 410,705
306,003 418,821
298,223 418,433
289,206 488,389
283,695 545,777
272,749 550,559
257,630 321,377
252,982 374,407
251, 470 308,092
243,427 390,030
236,105 402,709
239,074 416,704
SPANISH-AMERI-
CAN WAR
Living
23,144
101,871
186,811
166, 231
164, 602
179,160
175,361
170, 766'
165, 710
Deceased
7,288
18,363
30,919
36,022
39,045
48, 872
50, 292
53, 345
55,832
REGULAR ES­
TABLISHMENT
■WORLD WAR
JU N E 80—
1920.
1925.
1930.
1934.
1935.
1936.
1937.
1938.
1939.
Living
14,477
12, 399
16.661
29,484
32,124
81,192
33,036
33,062
34,185
4,554
3,762
3,830
5,838
7, 240
7, 505
8,109
8,725
9,415
Total
134,484
211, 693
285, 666
363, 685
372,157
377, 024
379,963
380,160
396,821
76
49
44
Living
134,408
211,044
279,539
332, 218
336,876
337,707
336,528
340, 590
342,072
Deceased
Pensions
Compensation
(serviceconnected)
Emergency
officers'
retirement
pay
6,083
1,565
1,577
1,811
1,841
1,831
1,813
Total
42,997
66,979
90,969
29,903 09,220
33,604 101,364
37,440 102,653
41,594 104,082
40,748 102, 540
62,936 112,042
Deceased
52
21
15
Si
8
Compensation
42,940
05, 058
90,954
99, 229
90, 394
90, 059
99,032
95,118
99,822
Disability
allowance
(nonservice)
Pensions
Serviceconneoted
Nonserviceconnected
1,979
2,904
0,050
7,422
• 12,220
1 The reduction In this item from the prior fiscal year was due essentially to discontinuance of disability
allowance (nonservice) except for veterans permanently and totally disabled.
a For disbursements by wars, see table 155.
* Includes veterans of the War of 1812 whose dependents were receiving pensions (1 for 1989), not shown
separately.
4 Included under “Compensation.”
Source: Veterans’ Administration, Annual Report of Administrator,
267706°— 41-------12

1 5 4 MILITARY AND CIVIL SERVICES, ELECTIONS', ETC.
No. 157.— P e n s io n s , C o m p e n s a tio n , D i s a b i l i t y A l l o w a n c e , a n d E m e r ­
g e n c y O f f i c e r s ' R e t i r e m e n t P a y — A n n u a l A v e r a g e P a y m e n t s , p e r
V e t e r a n , t o L iv in g V e t e r a n s a n d t o D e p e n d e n t s o f D e c e a s e d V e t e r a n s ,
b y W a r s : 1910 t o 1939
Note .—Averages calculated by dividing total Annual value of benefits, as of June 30, by number on rolls
JUNE
30—
AVERAGE VOR VET­
ERANS OF ALL
WARS AND REGU­
LAR e s t a b l i s h ­
m e n t
Total
WAR
OF
1812
WAR WITH MEXICO INDIAN WARS CIVIL WAR
Total
Total
Total
Living
Deceased
Deceased
Living
Deceased
Living
Deceased
Living
Deceased
1910___ $172 $184 $149 $151 $167 $238 $144 $132 $110 $144 $174 $187 $148
1916-.. 215 203 148 149 176 356 146 168 230 145 220 275 147
1920___ 358 422 280 233 240 414 230 203 240 149 369 452 281
1026___ 408 464 344 360 363 709 359 202 243 149 477 699 360
1930___ 475 514 404 640 586 586 446 513 359 542 852 452
1934— . 432 462 385 614 581 581 443 534 357 661 1,078 465
1935.__ 428 448 383 510 579 579 435 529 358 533 1, 000 463
1930___ 457 484 393 420 676 576 431 627 358 520 1,047 462
1037___ 460 490 383 420 679 670 428 630 358 617 1,130 461
m x 477 496 427 240 577 577 485 684 358 507 1,130 459
1939.... 489 503 454 240 679 579 495 726 358 498 1,164 468
SPANISH-AMERICAN
WAR
REGULAR ESTAB­
LISHMENT
*
WORLD WAR
JUNE
30—
Total
Living
Deceased
Total
Living
Compensation
Living Deceased
Compon-
Disabilitgency
Emer­
Deceased
Total i sa-
tion allowance
or cers’ Total1 Serv­
offi­
Total' (service
non- retiremenice
con­
service
pay
connectednected
Nonservioe
connected
1910__ $128 $121 $159 $173 $160 $197
1915.... 134 129 160 176 169 200
1920__ 142 132 175 181 173 204 $417 $449 $449 $316 $310
1925-.. 206 193 278 198 192 219 421 463 453 317 317
1930__ 889 389 389 232 235 219 49g 553 629 $1, 682 331 331
1934__ 371 390 285 220 220 260 439 467 476 $307 1, 017 337 337
1935__ 368 388 286 234 224 280 445 472 481 315 1, 628 348 348 $359
1936.— 491 523 371 241 228 296 446 471 482 319 1, 638 352 352 '357
1937__ 509 540 370 273 266 299 444 470 482 32Q 1,641 351 351 353
1038__ 633 585 368 272 265 299 464 467 481 320 1,637 450 457 365
1039__ 565 632 3QS 272 263 305 474 463 479 319 1, 633 512 631 351
1In computing these averages, pensions paid to a small number of veterans (see table 150) wore included.
No. 158.— T e r m a n d C o n v e r t e d I n s u r a n c e C la im s A w a r d e d , b y T y p e
o f A w a rd , t o J u n e 30, 1939, a n d f o r Y e a r s E n d e d J u n e 30, 1935 t o 1939
Number of awards made during period or year:
Term and automatic insurance—
Total original awards.............................
Original d eath .,...............................
Original disability...........................
Disability changed to death..................
Converted Insurance-
Total original aw ards,,...........................
Original death,.................................
Original disability.............................
Disability changed to death....................
Number of awards active at end of year:
Term and automatic insurance.
Death........ ..........................................
Disability...............................................
Converted insurance....................................
Death____ _____________
Disability........................
Total to YEAR ENDED JUNE 30—
June B0,
1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
196,262
166, 218
40,044
22,806
52,887
34, 813
18,074
6,802
006 513 349 395 420
128 93 71 67 70
478 420 278 328 350
437 380 371 376 325
8,672 3,486 3,661 3,772 3,938
2,427 2,523 2,714 2,701 2,746
1,145 963 947 1,071 1,103
451 538 615 614 567
145,126 142,216 137,419 113,463 34,047
131, 442 128,721 124,332 100, 783 21,636
13, 684 13,495 13,107 12,680 12,4U
13,199 14,168 15,008 15,755 16,845
3,754 4,318 4,993 5,639 6,350
9,445 9,850 10,015 io, no 10,495
portsUtand records 1W flnd 158: Vetwsns’ Administration; Annual Report of Administrator, monthly re-

VETERANS* ADMINISTRATION 1 5 5
No. 159*— L i f e I n s u r a n c e ( G o v e r n m e n t) i n F o r c e a n d P re m iu m s P a i d :
1924 t o 1939
[Amounts in thousands of dollars]
J U N E 3 0 O R Y E A R
E N D E D J U N E 8 0 —
Total
INSURANCE POLICIES IN FORCE JUNE 30
Yearly renewable
term insurance
(war time)
U. S. Government
life Insurance excl.
yearly renewable
Number Amount Number Amount Number Amount
PREMIUMS PAID
DURING YEAR
Term
Insurance!
u. s.
Government
life
1 0 2 4 .............................................. 6 6 2 ,6 0 0 2 , 9 8 4 ,5 7 3 2 0 9 .3 8 5 1 ,0 0 9 ,0 3 1 3 5 3 .2 1 5 1 , 3 7 6 ,6 4 3 1 4 ,0 0 4 3 5 ,3 4 5
1 9 2 6 .............................................. 5 5 2 ; 3 4 0 2 , 8 6 6 ,0 2 0 1 7 7 ,3 2 8 1 ,3 7 2 ,0 9 1 3 7 6 ,0 1 2 1 , 4 9 2 ,9 3 7 1 3 ,4 0 9 3 9 .3 8 8
1 9 2 6 .............................................. 5 5 3 ,6 6 0 2 , 7 8 1 ,5 8 7 1 3 0 ,1 0 3 1 , 0 0 8 ,5 1 1 4 2 3 ,6 5 7 1 , 7 7 3 ,0 7 6 1 0 ,4 5 8 4 4 ,4 1 7
1 9 2 7 ______________________ 5 8 7 ,0 8 0 2 , 8 0 3 ,0 4 5 8 7 ,1 0 0 8 7 2 ,0 7 6 6 0 0 ,8 8 0 2 ,2 2 0 ,0 7 0 6 ,7 6 4 5 4 ,0 4 8
1 9 2 8 . ........................................... 6 6 0 ,3 7 4 3 , 1 1 3 ,6 4 9 266 1 ,6 6 4 6 6 0 .1 0 8 3 , 1 1 1 ,9 9 6 1 ,3 7 4 7 1 ,1 1 3
1 9 2 9 ........................................... 6 5 0 ,0 6 6 3 , 0 5 6 ,9 1 0 2 2 9 1 ,3 4 2 6 4 9 ,8 3 7 3 , 0 5 8 ,6 7 7 5 5 2 6 9 ,2 6 3
1 9 3 0 . ........................................... 6 4 8 ,2 4 8 3 , 0 4 2 ,7 4 3 2 0 4 1 ,1 4 2 6 4 8 ,0 4 4 3 . 0 4 1 .6 0 1 1 ,0 3 2 6 7 ,1 6 8
1 0 3 1 - ........................................... 6 4 6 ,0 5 5 3 , 0 2 4 ,4 4 5 01 506 0 4 5 ,9 6 4 3 ,0 2 3 ,9 3 8 2 0 8 6 9 ,2 0 1
1 9 3 2 . ........................................... 0 4 1 ,2 4 7 2 , 9 7 7 ,3 3 0 2 9 246 6 4 1 ,2 1 8 2 , 9 7 7 ,0 8 3 2 6 8 6 7 ,6 6 8
1 9 3 3 .............................................. 6 1 6 ,0 6 0 2 , 7 8 2 , 7 0 0 0 1 6 ,0 6 0 2 ,7 8 2 ,7 0 0 2 4 5 6 7 ,0 6 2
1 9 3 4 .............................................. 568', 2 2 6 2,0 6 6 ; 7 3 3 5 9 8 ,2 2 0 2 , 0 6 0 ,7 3 3 1 0 4 6 8 ,2 4 1
1 0 3 6 .............................................. 6 9 0 ,8 6 6 2 , 6 0 5 ,4 0 0 121 3 8 9 8 9 0 ,7 4 4 2 . 6 0 5 .0 1 1 1 7 0 6 4 ,9 5 0
1 0 3 0 _____________ _________ 5 6 3 ,2 1 3 2 , 5 6 0 ,9 2 2 1 4 9 4 3 9 5 9 3 ,0 6 4 2 .5 9 0 ,4 8 2 7 9 6 3 ,0 4 7
1 9 3 7 .............................................. 5 9 6 ,9 8 2 2 , 5 7 8 ,3 3 0 1 6 0 357 5 9 6 ,8 3 2 2 , 5 7 7 ,9 8 2 6 6 6 3 ,4 0 1
1 9 3 8 .............................................. 0 0 2 ,9 6 3 2 , 5 6 6 ,8 6 3 349 663 6 0 2 ,6 1 4 2 , 5 6 0 ,2 4 0 6 7 0 2 ,8 2 1
1 9 3 0 .............................................. 6 0 6 ,0 7 1 2 , 6 6 2 ,3 6 4 3 5 5 6 4 2 6 0 6 ,7 1 6 2 ,6 6 1 ,7 1 2 6 0 6 2 ,3 2 5
1 N et premiums.
N o. 1 6 0 .— L i f e I n s u r a n c e ( G o v e r n m e n t) — C o n v e r t e d I n s u r a n c e I s s u e d
a n d i n F o r c e , b y P l a n
PLAN
Number
ISSUED TO JUNE 30, 1030 IN FORCE JUNE SO, 1030
Amount
(1,000
dollars)
Average
policy
Percent of total
Number
Number Amount
Amount
(1,000
dollars)
Total.................................... 1,030,345 4,383,085 4,264 100.00 100.00 60S, 716 2, 661,712
210, 607 1,024,898 4,869 20.43 23.38
270,081 1,040,895 3,841 26.30 23.75
37, 294 183,505 4,921 3.62 4.19
244,463 622,791 2,648 23.73 14.21
46, 617 188,559 4,143 4.42 4.80
45,031 210, G73 4,678 4.37 4.81
146,434 960,350 6, 603 14.11 21. 91
Duration more than 5 years.
6-year level premium term___... 81, US 161,414 4,868 3.02 3.46
137,713
186,999
28,232
100,863
29,083
30,664
45, 663
4
23,263
7,091
15,305
20,714
18,445
2,269
22,284
2,366
1,236
605,45G
721,049
143,147
277,253
124,161
145,065
284, 965
28
135,840
46, 742
102,349
104, 512
92,291
12, 221
61, 227
3, 627
1, 250
N o. 161.— L i f e - I n s u r a n c e F u n d ( G o v e r n m e n t) — F i n a n c i a l S t a t e m e n t ,
F ro m O r i g i n , M a y 31, 1919, t o D e c . 31, 1938
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
Total to
Dec. 31,
1938
Income, total.............................. 1, 625, 544
Prem ium s................................. 1,030,352
353,719
Received fromtr. 8. on account
of extra hazards of military
and naval sorvico................... 86,704
Consideration lor supplementary
installment contracts
under claims........................... 141,885
Other income............................. 12,881
Disbursements, total-____ _____ 643,818
Claims (death and total perm
anent disability)------------- 288,572
Surrender values................ ....... 151,724
M atured endowments....... ...... 5,082
Year
ended
Dec. 31,
1938
116,843
62,373
38,802
3 ,2 6 1
11,496
410
56,052
20,963
13,021
889
Disbursements—Continued.
Dividends paid policyholders..
Paid on supplementary installment
contracts under
olalms.....................................
Other disbursements................
ledger assets, Deo. 31, 1938, as
per "balance” under income
and disbursements, total......
Book value of bonds, amortized.......................................
Policy loans..............................
Adjusted-service oertifioate
loans___________________
Cash on hand______________
Total to
Year
Deo. 31,
ended
1638
Dec. 31,
1638
87,746
60,886
16,800
981,726
825,106
147,420
2,664
6,439
7,790
1 1 ,5 6 5
1 , 8 2 5
Source of tables 166> 160, and 161: Veterans' Administration, Annual Report of Administrator and records.

1 5 6 MILITARY AND CIVIL SERVICES, ELECTIONS, ETC,
N o. 1 6 2 .— Ad jt jsted-O o m pbn b a.t io n A w a r d s , as o f J u n e 30, 1936
N o t e .—Amounts in thousands of dollars. The Adjusted Compensation Payment Act, 103G, provided for
payment of adjusted-service certificates on or after June 15,1936
Number Amount
Total awards.............................. 4,113, 041 3, 764, 119
Dependents................-........... 146, 386 49, 760
Less than $60 (cash).-......... 11, 748 318
134, 638 45,742
Payments on certificates matured
by death.........................
Applications certified for pay-
Number Amount
240,864
237, 59G
3,494,607 1, Ml,, 587
$60 lump-sum payments.... 3,701 M aturity value of certificates
3,066,655 3,714, 358
3,424,119
$60 or less (cash)................ 176,872 5,812
Certificates.............—......... 3,789,783 3,708,647
N o . 1 6 3 .— B e n e f ic ia r ie s R e c e iv in g H o s p it a l o r D o m ic il ia r y C a r e A u t h o r ­
iz e d b y V e t e r a n s ’ A d m in is t r a t io n : 1621 to' 1639
N o t e .—During the fiscal year 1039, a total ot 1,070.003 out-patient treatments were given and 1,127,162 outpatient
examinations were made. O n June 30, 1930, there were 3,019 veterans domiciled in State and
Territorial homes who wore eligible (or cure in facilities controlled by the Veterans’ Administration and
for whose oare the Federal Government reimburses these homes at the rate of $120 per year for eaoh person
TEAR
ENDED
JUNE
SO—
Total
reoeiving
hospital
or
domiciliary
oare at
end of
y ear1
BENEFICIARIES REOEIVINO HOSPITAI.
TREATMENT, ALL FACILITIES AND HOS­
PITALS 1
Aver-
d a ily
p a ­
tients
1021........
1 9 2 2 ............
1 8 2 3 ______
1 9 2 4 ............
1 9 2 6 ............
1 9 2 6 ________________
27,840
24, 526
22,008
27.447
27,012
1927 __________ 26,386
1 9 2 8 . . . . . 26,300
1 9 2 9 ________________ 27,642
1930 .................... 20,513
1931 51,980 .................... 32,713
1932 62, --------------- 265 42.448
1933 44,644 .................... 42,620
1934 48,349 .................... 36,192
1936 61,922 __________ 41,172
1 0 3 6 ______ 51,128 43,616
1937 57,180 .................... 44,042
1938 64,924 .................... 02,637
1939 69,287 __________ 68,560
Patients remaining at end of
year
Total
20,237
26,800
23,611
21,730
20,010
24,915
25.310
25,899
27,487
30.311
34,048
43,567
33,457
39,446
42,599
41,642
40,142
50,670
63,861
10, 337
10,849
9,577
8,082
9,314
7,308
6,658
6,046
6,121
6,274
6,193
6,499
5,425
5,032
6,134
4,539
4,789
9,231
9,194
9,461
11,905
12,220
12,538
12,839
13, 461
14,941
17,001
20,160
20,109
22, 226
23, 368
24,447
20,394
29,267
31,190
T u­
berculosis
Nouropsyobiatrio
General
Veterans
receiving
domiciliary
oare at
end of
year >
8,401
0.789
4.840
4,187
6; 301
6,387
6,114
7,015
7,905
9p 000
11,764 *17,032
10.908 18,688
7.923 11,187
12,187 9,404
14,107 0,323
12,550 9,586
14,969 11,038
10,546 14,254
17,768 15,426
VETERANS’ ADMINISTRATION
FACILITIES
Hospital >
Domiciliary
Oper- Aver- Op-
Aver- ating Per age eratage
ex- diem daily ing
dally peuses cost domi- ex*
13,607
11,882
11,630
16,855
16,507
17,305
17,801
19,245
20,233
22,20?
25,040
32,606
35,220
30,030
40,072
41,9
46,039
49,147
23,531
21,658
10,188
23,354
25,322
25,282
26,001
28,178
28,620
30,414
31,900
33,391
32,620
39,850
42, 380
43, 252
44,204
47,988
4.74
4.1
4.55
4.04
4.10
4.00
4.00
4.01
3.84
3.72
3.44
2.74
2.61
2.78
2.82
2,81
2.05
2.68
10,190
10,406
12, 008
10,304
13, 514
15,709
3,649
4,024
4,474
4,290
4,872
5,218
VETERA N S UNDER HOSPITAL OR DOM ICILIARY OARE, BY GLASS OF BENEFICIARY
TYPE OF CARE AND
y e a r (June 30)
Hospital treatment:
1925-.................
1930.....................
1935.....................
1937 .......
1938 .......
1939,...................
Domiciliary care: *
1935.....................
1930.....................
1937....................
1938...................
1939 .......
ALL "WARS AND REGULAR
ESTABLISHMENT
Total
26,610
30,311
42,599
40,142
50,670
53,861
9,323
0,586
11,038
14,254
16,426
22,771
16,219
12,046
11,824
11,998
12,097
919
892
982
1,217
1,121
Regular
establishment
Service
connected
Noneervico
Total Serv-
3,839
14,092
30,563
34,318
38,672
41,764
8,404
8,694
10,056
13,037
14,305
26,029
28,850
38,033
41,228
45,496
48,627
7,406
8,072
9,599
12,762
14,058
pa-
(dol- cili- penses
tlents (k o ? lars)* ary (1,000
lars) care dolls.)
WORLD WAR
Spanishcon-
Nonservice*
Americanected
22,771
15,297
10,746
10,341
10,385
10,443
727
060
763
044
863
3,258
13,553
27,287
30,887
35, 111
38,084
6,739
7,406
8,836
11,808
13,195
664
1,313
2,369
2,504
2,638
2,715
1,286
057
902
871
764
Oivil
War
All
other
wars
17
79 60
117 70 2,010
83 72 2,255
62 90 2,384
48 85 2,486
30 41 494
19 37 601
1142 30 496
26 601
18 584
1 Veterans' homes were not under the jurisdiction of the Veterans’ Administration prior to July 1030.
J Includes Veterans' Admin, beneflclaries eared for in Army, Navy, Marino, and State and civil (contract)
hospitals, St. Elisabeths, and hospitals operated in connection with National Veterans’ homes.
1 Beginning 1933, figures include hospitals operated in connection with Veterans’ Admin, homes.
4 Excludes hospitals which operated for only part of the year under unnatural conditions.
4 Includes domiciliary members roceivlug hospital treatment.
* Includes omergency, observation, and unclassified cases.
Sources of tables 1G2 and 153: Veterans' Administration, Annual Report of Administrator and records,

FEDERAL EMPLOYEES 157
N o . 1 6 4 . — R e t ir e m e n t o f F e d e r a l M il it a r y P e r s o n n e l a n d Ot h e r S p e c i a l
C l a s s e s o f F e d e r a l E m p l o y e e s : 1931 t o 1939
N ote.—Retired pay in thousands of dollars. With the exception of foreign service officors, who contribute
S peroent of their pay to the foreign service retirement fund, the personnel covered in this table m ake no
direct contribution to their retirement pay. For data relating to Federal civil employees retired under
the civil service and Canal Zone retirement acts, see table 170
ARMY NAVY MARINE CORPS COAST GUARD 1 OTHER “
TSAR
ENDED Number Retired Number Retired Number Retired Number Retired Number Retired
on ro ll» p a y on r o ll * p a y on roll 3 p a y on rolli p a y o n roll * p a y
1031.............. 12,152 20,303 4 ,112 8,251 718 1,205 1,021 1, 255 467 727
1032.............. 12,632 21,004 4, 611 9,027 756 1,316 1,072 1,289 505 840
1033.............. 12,811 20, 218 5,176 9,151 797 1,276 1,138 1,200 558 866
1034.............. 13,332 19,344 5,645 10,059 825 1,261 1,207 1,253 636 985
1035.............. 14,161 23,444 6,869 11,937 894 1,480 1,255 1,465 071 1,121
1930.............. 14,530 24,708 7,675 13,572 1,029 1, 747 1,330 1,618 712 1,250
1937.............. 14,831 25,387 8, 449 14,802 1,108 2, 010 1,408 1,722 746 1,349
1938......... . 15,080 25,805 9, 505 16,309 1,109 2,176 1,485 1,822 782 1,474
1 939.............. 15, 501 26,479 10,681 17,789 1, 258 2, 322 1,681 1,962 819 1,594
1Includes commissioned and warrant ofBcors, enlisted men, and certain members of the former Life
Saving Service.
J Includes retired personnel for following groups of employees: Officers and employees engaged In Bold
service or on vessels of the Lighthouse Service, except persons continuously employed in district offices
and shops and 4 executive positions of the Lighthouse Sorvico; commissioned officers of the Coast and
Geodetic Survey and Public Health Service; Foreign Service officers (State Dept.); and retired judges.
3 Number on roll June 30. 1 Average number on roll.
N o . 1 6 5 . — F e d e r a l S e r v ic e — S u m m a r y o f E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s , b y
■ C l a s s o f S e r v ic e , 1938 a n d 1939, a n d b y M o n t h s, 1939
TEAR AND
QUARTER
TOTAL
Employees
1
1938................ 1,194,714 1,877,090
1939................ 1,293,333 2,025,350
Ja n .-M a r.. 1,222,692 481,786
Apr.-June._ 1,268,071 490,070
July-Sept._ 1,817,404 515,807
Oot.-Deo— 1,364,568 530,098
EXECUTIVE SERV­
ICE
851,013
616,426
873, 377
904,771
034,467
053,088
1,543,122
1,666,060
396,311
409,984
422,602
436,172
MILITARY SERV­
ICE1
JUDICIAL SERV’
ICE
LEGISLATIVE
SERVICE
Pay roll
(thous.
of dollars)
Pay roll
Employees
s of dol­
(thous.
lars)
Pay
Pay
Employees
8
roll
(thous.
E m ­
roll
ployees8
(thous. Em ­
ployees8
of dollars)
335,415 313,095
360,243 338,825
341,793 $0,184
356,310 81,650
375,220 87,692
403,640 89,300
2,157
2,259
2,252
2,240
2,212
2,328
of dollars)
6,368
6,091
1,651
1,674
1,073
1,693
5,229
5,405
5,270
5,335
5,505
5,512
Pay
roll
(thous.
of dollars)
14,521
14,765
3,630
3,653
3,730
3,743
1 These figures inolude in addition to officers and enlisted men in the Army, Navy, and M arino Corps,
nurses in active service, midshipmen at the United States Naval Academy, and the Coast Guard.
1 Annual and quarterly figures for employees are averages of figures as of the end of each month.
No. 1 6 6 .— E m p lo y e e s i n F e d e r a l E x e c u t i v e C i v i l S e r v i c e : 1816 t o 1939
N ote.—This statement does not inolude the legislative, judicial, or military branches of the Federal Government
or employees of the District of Columbia. I t includes employees in both classified positions
(subject to competitive examination under civil service law) and unclassified positions (exempted from
competitive examination by law and Executive order), but excludes temporary substitute employees in
the Post Office Department. Number on and prior to June 30,1937, refers to employees having Federal
appointments on last day of month; thereafter, to employees on pay roll with pay during last rogular
pay period of month. See also tables 107 and 168
1816.
1821.
1831.
1841.
1861.
1801.
1871-
1881.
1801.
1001.
1911.
1916.
1918.
JUNE so—
Total
number1
8,211
19,800
23,700
83,300
49,200
63,090
107.000
106.000
266,000
301,360
480,827
i 017,760
JUNE 30—
Total
number1
DATS
1920. 3691,116
1921 3 562,252 1Q34— .Tnnfi 3 0 ___
1095 527,517 1935— June 3 0 . . . _________
ig38— June 30.............................
T)p.e. 31 .... ...
Male ‘ ....................
1923 — 515,772
1924 _ 521,641
1925...................
109fi
1027
532,798
528,542
527,228
Female *____ _
1928................... 540,867
1Q9.Q
559,579
loan
580,494
ioai
588,206
1932............ 683,196 Female...... ............
Total In Dist.
number of Col.
672,091
673,095
719,440
824.269
841,664
861,926
861,914
693,800
168,100
920,310
932,305
760,036
172.269
06,437
89,132
103,463
117,103
115,409
115,590
119,547
71,000
48,600
123,364
126,345
76,687
49,658
Outside
Dist. of
Col.
506,654
683,963
815,987
707,166
726.265
736,336
742,367
622,800
119,600
700,046
806,060
683,340
122,611
i Approximate prior to 1921. “As of Nov. 11. “As of July 31. J Estimated.
Sources; Table 164, War and Navy Depts., Coast Guard, Dept, of Justice, and the several offices named
in footnote 2; Annual Reports and records. Table 165, Dept, of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, records;
m onthly figures are published currently in pamphlet “Employment and Pay Rolls.” Table 106, Civil
Service Commission, Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report of Employment,

N o , 167.—-E m p lo y e e s i n t h e F e d e r a l E x e c u t i v e C i v i l S e r v i c e , b t C l a s s i f i c a t i o n S t a t u s o f P o s i t i o n s a n d b y S e x , b y j—J
D e p a r t m e n t s a n d I n d e p e n d e n t O f f i c e s : D e c e m b e r 1939

Federal Communications Commission-- ____- m 596 28 397 227 429 401 28 252 177 195 195
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation______ 1,388 537 851 863 525 483 384 99 252 231 905 153 752 611 294
Federal Loan Agency........................................„ 19,894 155 19,739 11,008 8,886 4,500 64 4,436 2,465 2,035 15,394 91 15,303 8,543 6,851
Federal Power Commission................................. 790 439 301 557 223 521 354 167 349 172 269 135 134 218 51
Federal Security Agency...................................... 20,819 16,386 4,433 12,451 8,368 4,406 3,841 565 2,087 2,319 16,413 12,545 3,868 10,364 6,049
Federal Trade Commission--------------- ---------- 660 327 333 422 238 573 301 272 361 212 87 26 61 61 26
Federal Works Agency......................................... 46,659 8,638 38,021 26,750 19,909 12,166 4,517 7,649 8,086 4,080 34,493 4,121 30,372 18,664 15,829
5,109 2,237 2,872 3,248 1,861 5,109 2,237 2,872 3, 248 1,861
Golden Gate International Exposition Com-
25 25 18 7 3 3 1 2 22 22 17 5
Government Printing Office.............................. 5,874 5,600 274 4,818 1,056 5,874 5,600 274 4,818 1,056
Interstate Commerce Commission___________ 2, 661 2,645 16 1,862 799 1,853 1,844 9 1,244 609 808 801 7 618 190
Maritime Commission__________________ 1,581 1,469 112 1,173 408 929 828 101 574 355 652 641 11 599 53
Maritime Labor Board................. ........... ........... 34 31 3 16 18 32 29 3 14 18 2 2 2
Mount Rushmore National Memorial Com-
47 47 46 1 2 2 1 1 45 45 4fi
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.. 715 681 34 613 102 62 61 1 32 30 653 620 33 581 72
National Archive’s................................................. 853 352 1 209 144 353 352 1 209 144
National Capital Park and'Planning Commissio
n __________________ _______________ 28 12 16 23 5 28 12 16 23 5
National Labor Relations Board. - _________ 874 449 425 518 356 480 262 218 304 176 394 187 207 214 180
National Mediation B o a rd_____ ___________ 73 33 40 38 35 25 17 8 18 7 48 16 32 20 28
14 14 13 1 14 14 13 1
16,505 1,638 14,867 15,923 582 126 126 10 1,512 14,867
2,352 2,317 35 lj 527 825 1,383 1,348 35 622 '969
Securities and pYehanpe. CommissioTi 1,616 907 709 i ; obi 535 1,282 '780 502 845 437 334 127 207 236 98
Smithsonian Institution___________________ 486 355 131 342 144 486 355 131 342 144
Tariff Commission____________________ — 303 290 13 190 113 295 282 13 182 113 § 8
14,597 14,597 13,526 1,071 10 6
Veterans’ Administration_____________ _____ 38,493 36,393 2,100 25,236 13,257 5,247 5,188 59 1,933 3,314 3^246 31,205 2,041 23; 303 9,943
1 Number on Federal pay roll w ith pay during last pay-roll period of month. Does not include employees in legislative or judicial branches of U. S. Government, military and
naval forces of United States, employees of District of Columbia government, or enrollees in Civilian Conservation Corps •work.
* The unclassified positions winch are excepted from competitive requirements of the Civil Service Act and rules in the several departments and independent establishments
include all unclassified positions regardless of whether financed by regular or emergency funds. They also include unclassified positions where the employees occupying these positions
have civil cervice status and jobs filled by unskilled laborers who are appointed in accordance with the provisions of the labor regulations promulgated by the President.
3 Not including temporary substitute employees, consisting of 1,061 in the District of Columbia and 53,376 outside the District of Columbia.
* Includes employees hired under special letters of authorization.
Source: Civil Service Commission, Semi-Annual Report of Employment.
CIVIL SERVICE
Cjt

160 MILITARY AND CIVIL SERVICES, ELECTIONS, ETC.
N o. 1 6 8 .— C iv il S e r v ic e — C l a s s i f i e d C o m p e titiv e P o s i t i o n s , P e r s o n s
E x a m in e d , P a s s e d , a n d A p p o in te d : 1884 t o 1939
YEAR
ENDED
JUNE
30—
Competitive
classified
positions
1
Examined
Passed
Percent
that
passed
YEAR
ENDED
JUNE
30—
Appointed
Competitive
classified
positions
1
Passed
Examined
Percent
tlmt
passed
Appointed
1884a... 13,780 3,542 2,044 57.7 489 1913— . 282,597 141.905 94,360 66.5 35,154
1885 3... 16,690 6,347 4,141 65.2 1,800 1914.... 292,460 215, 587 147,520 08.4 41,935
1886 L . 17,273 7,602 5,034 06.2 1,881 1915.... 292,291 167,795 114,632 68.3 36,397
1887 «... 19,345 15, 852 10,746 07.8 4,442 1916— 296. 920 154, 722 113, 792 73.5 42,058
1888.... 22,577 il, 281 6,808 00.9 2,616 1917.... 320,899 212.114 152, 653 71,9 86,312
1889.... 29,650 19,000 11, 978 02.8 3,781 1918.— 642,432 551,391 387, 903 70.4 213,530
1800.... 30,620 22,994 13,047 60.7 5,182 1919__ 592, 901 438,259 299,820 68.4 179,533
1891.... 33,873 19,074 12, 786 07.0 5.395 1920.... 497, 603 293,327 103,915 66.1 116, 309
1892.... 37,523 19,460 12,160 02.6 3,001 1921.... 448,112 303,309 203, 209 67.0 101,711
1893.... 43,916 24,838 14,008 50.4 4,291 1922— 420,088 206,007 128,952 02.0 63,8G7
1894__ 46,821 37,379 22,131 59.2 4,704 1923.... 411, 398 204,200 122, 918 60.2 67, 094
1895.... 64,222 31,030 19,811 03.8 4,703 1024.... 415, 693 225, 723 136, 461 60.0 67, 349
1896.... 87,044 31,179 20, 714 00.4 5,086 1025.... 423, 538 201, 415 122,495 00.8 50,104
1897...- 86,886 60,671 29,474 68.3 3.047 1920.... 422,300 202,846 106, 964 52.2 38, DIG
1898.... 89,306 45,712 30,600 06.0 7,870 1027.... 422,998 251,679 100, 937 42.4 42, 063
1899.... 93.144 49,164 36,312 74.0 9,557 1928— 431,763 236,997 123,830 52.2 40,317
1900.— 94,893 46,602 34,965 75.0 9,889 1029.... 145,957 243,510 125, 726 51.6 47,913
1901..... 106,205 48,093 33,621 09.7 10,291 1930.... 462,083 267,429 132,991 49.7 41,075
1902.... 107,000 60,558 40,509 66.9 13,298 1931.... 4681050 248,438 121,670 48.9 41,528
1903.... 135,453 109,829 87,983 80.1 40,270 1932.... 467,161 257,109 89,717 34.8 25,080
1904.... 154,003 127,846 100,078 78.3 48,909 1933.... 450,096 191,771 80,082 46.4 12,216
1905.... 171,807 143,053 111, 741 78.1 38,990 1934.... 450,592 296,447 169,555 57.2 22.757
1906.... 184.178 117; 277 91,345 77.9 39,050 1935— 465,229 430,114 198,266 46.1 36,182
1907— . 194,323 129,317 93,920 72.0 43,003 1936.... 498,725 732,229 380,052 53.1 51.777
1908— 206,637 161,793 120,760 74.0 42,153 1737.... 532,073 820,681 393,920 48.0 75,648
1909— 234,940 158,484 123,440 77.9 40,043 1938.... 562,909 388,404 197,424 50.8 51,454
1910—
1911— 222,278
227,657 105,024 115,644 87,709 76.9 43,686 1939— 622,832 566,671 254,096 45.7 06,290
70,159 66.8 23,256
1912— 217,392 106,078 50,251 55.9 20,969 Total.. 10,264,6Q8 6,024,016 58.7 2,168,730
i Figures for years prior to fiscal year ending June 30,1931, are approximate,
i July 10,1883, to Jan. 16, 1884. i Jan. 10,1884, to Jan. 16,1886. * Jan. 10, 1886, to Jan. 16, 1886.
• Jan, 10,1888, to June 30,1887.
No. 169.—Civil Service—P ersons E xamined for and Appointed to Certain
P ositions i n t h e P ostal Ser v ic e: F iscal Y ears 1936 to 1939
EXAMINED
APPOINTED
TITLE
1930 1937 1938 1939
1930
1937 1938 1939
Total.................................
Olerk-carrier..............................
Laborer, Postal Service.............
Postmaster, fourth class.........
Railway postal clerk..................
Rural carrier.............................
Village carrier............................
271,024 311, 681 09,697 57,880 8,323 2i, eis 9, 703 9, 638
107,642
5,578
6,869
146,093
0,980
172
245, 471
51, 304
15
2, 532
211
11, 552
386
42,974
8,947
3,703
78
13,472
523
30,073
861
003
1,639
5,182
2,173
90
10,654
315
4,403
174
3,049
400
198
16, 683
666
1
2,472
2, 586
193
119
5,939
024
2, 447
393
207
113
6, 501
298
28
32
239
1,870
277
274
59
Source of tables 168 and 169; Civil Service Commission, Annual Report.

CIVIL SERVICE RETIREMENT 161
No. 170.— C i v i l S e r v i c e a n d C a n a l Z o n e R e t i r e m e n t : 1921 t o 1939
N o te.—Retirement for civil service employees was established by net of May 22, 1020. Under tills not
ns amended July 3, 1926, and May 29, 1030 (effective July 1, 1030), employees of th e classified service
and certain other groups, including unclassified laborers subject to labor regulations, are eligible for
retirement on annuity at tbo ages of 82,05, and 70, according to the class of service, if they have rendered
a t least 16 years of service. The last-named act permits the optional retirement of employees 2 years
before reaching the retirement ago where they havo rendered at least 30 years of service and also permits
retirement on account of permanent and total disability after 6 years of service. From the basic compensation
of each employee within the scope of the acts there Is deductod 3)4 percent (2}£ prior to July 1,
1926) thereof for deposit to tlio credit of the retirement fund. All amounts deducted prior to July 1,1930,
and thereafter amounts deducted less $1 per month are credited to the employee’s individual account.
Under the amendment of May 20, 1930, annuities ate composed of (1) a sum equal to $30 (or each year
of servicenot exceeding 31) (provided it does not exceed three-fourths of average salary for any five consecutive
years), and (2) the amount of annuity purchasable withtbe sum oredltod to the individual's acoount,
together with interest at 4 percent per annum, with the provision that the annuity shall in no ease be less
than an amount equal to the average salary, not to exceed $1,600 per annum, received during any five
consecutive years, multiplied by the number of years of service, not exceeding 30, and divided by 40, By
act of Mar. 2,1031 (effective July 1,1931), special provision was made for employees of the, Panama Canal
and Panama Canal Railroad, who theretofore had been eligible for retirement under the oivil service
retirement and disability act
JU N E 30
OE YEAR
ENDED
JU N E 30—
NUMBER ON CIVIL SERVICE RETIREMENT
ROLL BY CAUSE OF RETIREMENT
Total Age 1 Disability
Involuntary,
less
than
30
years'
service
i
30 years’
service
CIVIL SERVICE RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY FUND
(THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
Voluntary
separation
Involuntary
separation
Total
*
1021-26,- 90,269
1927 14,119 .................... 11,353 2,706
27,168
1928 1C, .................... 383 12,173 3,210
29,503
1929 lfl, .................... 501 12,924 3, 577
52,520
1930 17,70S .................... 12, 504 3,904 l, 270
66,447
1931 22,650 .................... 15,357 4,947 1,374 972 58,277
1932 25,567 .................... 10, 600 6,973 1,404 1,590 61,479
1933 32,835 .................... 21, 613 7,281 1,539 2,402 61,246
1034........ 44,708 22,969 8,941 1,861 3,944 6,903 60,222
1935........ 48,665 23,863 9,886 1,997 4,310 8,609 61,912
1930........ 51,206 24,603 10,877 1,098 4,610 9,118 84,268
1987____ 53,306 25,391 12,044 2,021 4,961 8,889 94,203
1038 56,130 __________ 20,670 13,340 2,050 5,401 8,669 127,103
1039 58,385 27,709 14,315 2,029 5,896 8,436 133,497
T otal..
Receipts
91,919
24,356
26,455
28,123
29,048
29,044
31,890
30,494
28,703
30,089
32,406
34,990
37,322
39,189
Disbursements
Salary
deductions
Appropriations
T otal« A n n u ­
ities
19,950
20,500
21,000
21,000
21,000
21,000
21,000
40,150
46,200
73,235
75,087
44,808
13,395
14,752
16,063
18,120
23,992
28,938
34,838
47,667
62,744
66,709
69,132
62,476
63,818
30, 443
9, 598
10,000
12, 005
13,108
19,800
23,546
30, 048
30, C21
40,971
50,243
61,901
54,153
56,531
Refunds
and
interest4
14,333
3,862
3,771
1,006,203494,028 380,122 837,448 449,018 87,070
Balnncolu
fund
Juno
30
68,235
82,985
4,067 119,442
5,049 156,783
4,160 101,047
3,924 223, £88
4,789 249,907
8,036 202,562
5,773 271,730
6,460 299,280
7,228 334,309
8,322 399,077
7,287 408,755
1938 1939 1038 1939
GIY1L SERVICE RETIREMENT
CIVIL SERVICE RETIREMENT—COn.
K um ber on the roll June 80 by—
Number on the roll June 30 by—
Sex and cause of retirement—
Rates per annum—
50,398 52,216 3 2
24) RRR 25)828 !fsinn-.$iOQ 122 131
10) 524 11) 191 $2nn-$s«a 710 753
Voluntary, 30 years’ servico.. 5,078 5)551 $300-$399...................................... 1,303 1,361
Involuntary, 30 years’ servico. 8,130 7,909 $400-$499.__________________ 1,971 2,034
Involuntary, less than 30 $600-$5Q9..................................... 3,238 3,290
1,778 1,737 4,372 4,556
5! 732 6)169 $7M-$709 3,209 3,672
1,782 l) 881 $R0(>-$R0ft 3,003 3,348
2)816 3) 124 $onn-$QQa 3,687 3,639
Voluntary, 30 years’ service.. 323 '345 $1,000-51,090.............................. 4,092 4,149
Involuntary, 30 years’ service. 539 527 $1,100-51,199________________ 11.129 10,436
Involuntary, loss than 30 $1,200______________ _______ 18,578 20,198
272 292 $1,901-$! van 082 865
$l)300-$l)399............................ 22 31
Vocations— , $1,400-51,499.............................. 11 14
12,156 11,012 2 4
8)740 8,955 $l)600-$l*69Q.............................. 2
9,516 9,630 978 978
Post-office clerks....................... 6) 601 6,684 Annual value of roll (1,000 dolls.). . 54,887 57,074
Railway postal clerks_______ 4,048 4,215 CANAL ZONE RETIREMENT
10,989 11,489 507 678
2)041 4,394 1,346 1,343
Hazardous occupations______ '884 1)034 Disbursements for annuities, years
Indian field service......... .......... 555 072 ended June 30 (1,000 dollars)____ 076 766
i Involuntary separation included with separation on account of ago prior to 1930.
* Includes receipts from interest, not shown separately.
>Includes direct settlements, adjustments for canceled checks, etc., not shown separately, in the am ount
of $1,359,000 on June 30,1039.
* Lump-sum paymonts of total amounts in fund to credit of employees or beneficiaries.
Source: Civil Service Commission, Retirement Report,

1 6 2 MILITARY AND CIVIL SERVICES, ELECTIONS, ETC.
No. 171.—Injuries to Civil Employees op the United States and Claims
Received Under U. S. Employees’ Act: Sept. 7, 1916, to Dec. 31, 1939
N ote.—The U. S. Employees’ Compensation Commission, created by act of Sept. 7,1916, is charged with
the duty of administering the law providing compensation for civil employees of the United States who
suiter personal injury while in the performance of official duties. This table does not include data for
Civilian Conservation Corps onrollees or for persons employed as civil employees of the United Statos on
work relief projects financed through funds provided by the several Federal emergency relief appropriations,
excepting those administrative employees who are eligible for benefits under the act of 1916
INJURIES REPORTED
CLAIMS RECEIVED FOR DISABILITY
AND DEATH
. PERIOD COVERED
Nonfatal Fatal Total
Percent
change
from
previous
year
Disability
Death
Total
Percent
change
from
previous
year
Sept. 7,1916, to Dec. 31,1917.._ 16,831 245 16,076 6,429 227 6,656
Year endine Dec. 31—
1018...................................... 23,448 070 24,118 +50.00 12,183 438 12,621 +89.60
1019...................................... 25,203 610 25,813 +7.00 13,425 490 13,924 +10.30
1020.................. -.................. 19,557 523 20,080 -22.21 10,505 427 10,932 -21.50
1921___ _______________ 18,028 302 18,390 -8.40 7,857 310 8,167 -26.30
1922...................................... 17,905 354 18,259 -.71 6,804 282 7,086 -13.20
1023..................................... 17,713 279 17,992 -1.40 0,466 236 6,702 -5.40
1024...................................... 20,260 278 20,538 +14.15 6,890 224 7,114 +6.15
1925___________________ 20,377 314 20,691 +.74 6,987 274 7,261 +2.07
1020..................................... 19,208 319 19,527 -5.63 6,830 274 7,104 —2.16
1927...................................... 20,190 357 20,547 +6.22 7,272 286 7,557 +6.38
1028...................................... 21,886 303 22,180 +7.99 7,928 259 8,187 +8.34
1029...................................... 25,376 314 25,690 +15.78 9,074 203 9,337 +14.05
1930...................................... 25,775 294 26,069 +1.48 9,077 206 9,283 -.6 8
1031...................................... 28,176 262 28,438 +9.09 9,240 108 9,408 +1.36
1032...................................... 25,117 231 25,348 -10.87 7,039 190 7,829 -16.78
1933.......... ........................... 24,920 230 25,150 -.7 8 7,226 188 7,414 -5.30
1034___________________ 34,121 292 34,413 +38.83 10,124 238 10,302 +39.70
1035...................................... 32,822 307 33,129 -3.73 8,070 250 8,920 -13.92
1036...................................... 38,119 391 38i 510 +16.24 7,711 313 »;024 -10.04
1037.................................................. 37,304 329 37,093 -2.12 6,764 200 7,014 -12.59
1038.............................................- 38,069 302 38,371 + 1 .8 0 6,101 222 0,323 -9.85
1939...................................... 42,939 269 43,208 + 1 2 .0 1 6,638 197 0,835 +8.10
No. 172.— I n j u r i e s t o C i v i l E m p lo y e e s op t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s , b y D e p a r t ­
m e n t s a n d I n d e p e n d e n t O f f i c e s : 1939
N o t e .—See h e a d n o to , ta b le 171
DEPARTMENT OR INDEPENDENT OFFICE
Number
DEPARTMENT OR INDEPENDENT OFFICE
Number
Total..............-........... -
War...................................
Navy.................................... .
Post Office..........................
Interior............................... .
Treasury............................... .
Commerce.......... ...... .......... .
Agriculture...........................
Justice................................. .
Labor...................... -........
State....................— ........... .
Arohiteot of the Capitol....... .
Farm Oredlt Administration
43,208 Federal Communications Commission..
7,898
2,240
13,318
3,929
2,121
052
7,532
194
134
18
34
72‘
Government of the District of Columbia,
International Boundary Commission__
Legislative offices, miscellaneous............
Nat'l Adv, Com. for Aeronautics.........
Securities and Exohango Commission...
Tennessee Valley Authority...................
All other groups..................................
31G
347
1,313
616
41
224
21
17
22
833
102
767
481
Source of tables 171 and 172: U. S. Employees’ Compensation Commission, Annual Report.

POPULAR VOTB 1 6 3
N o . 1 7 3 .— P o p u l a r V o t e f o r P r e s i d e n t i a l E l e c t o r s , b y C h i e f P o l i t i c a l
P a r t i e s , 1888 t o 1936, a n d b y S t a t e s , 1036
N o te—The column "miscellaneous Independent” represents so-ealled independent, progressive, and
farmer-labor parties variously designated as follows: 1888, Union Labor Party; 1892, 1900, and 1004,
Populist; 1896, National Democrat; 1908, Populist and Independent; 1912 and 1910, Progressive; 1020,
1928, and 1932, Parmer-Labor; 1936, Union. In 1924, column represents votes for La Pollette-Wheeler
electors, variously designated under party names as Independent Progressive, Progressive, Socialist,
Socialist and Independent, Parmer-Labor, etc.
Communist
1833-
1802-
1896.
1000.
1904.
1908.
1912-
1916,
1920-
1924-
1928.
1932-
1936-
Alabanaa..............
Arizona................
Arkansas..............
California.............
Colorado...............
Connecticut.........
Delaware..............
Florida..................
Georgia.................
Idaho....................
Illinois..................
In d ian a--.............
Iowa.....................
Kansas.................
K entucky.............
Louisiana.............
M aine...................
M aryland............
Massachusetts___
Michigan..............
Minnesota............
Mississippi...........
Missouri............. -
M ontana..............
Nebraska.............
N evada................
New H am pshire-
New Jersey.........
Now Mexico........
New York............
N orth Carolina__
N orth Dakota__
Ohio....................
Oklahoma_____
Oregon________
Pennsylvania___
Rhode Island___
South Carolina__
South Dakota___
Tennessee____
Texas..... ..........
U tah...... ..........
V erm ont..........
Virginia...........
W ashington___
W est Virginia___
Wisconsin.......
W yoming........
T otal1 Republican Democrat
11,381,408
12,048, 603
13,813, 243
13,964,618
13, 523, 519
14,887,133
15,031,169
18,528, 743
26,705,346
29,058, 647
30,879, 414
39,810,522
45, 647,117
6,444, 337
5, 190, 802
7,035, 638
7,219, 530
7,028,834
7,679, 006
3,483,022
8, 538, 221
10,162, 200
15,726, 003
21,392,100
15,701,841
16,070, 583
275, 744 35, 368
124,103 33,433
179, 428 32, 039
2, 038,882 830,431
488, 670 181, 207
690,783 278, 085
« 127, 608 54, 014
327,305 78, 248
293,178 36,942
390, 023 66, 250
3,950, 522 1,570,393
1, 050,807 691,570
1,142,733 487,077
865,013 307, 727
626, 206 369,702
329,778 30,701
304, 240 108,823
624,806 231,435
1,840,357 708.013
1,805,003 009,733
1,129,975 360,461
162,090 4,443
1,828,635 697,891
230,512 63,598
60S; 032 247,731
43,848 11,923
218,114 104,642
1,820,437 720,322
168,820 61,710
ii 5,596,398 2,180,670
839,462 223,283
273,716 72; 751
3,012i 425 1,127, 709
749,740 245,122
414,021 122,706
4,138,105 1,690,300
311,149 125,012
115,437 1,046
296,452 125,077
475,631 146,510
843,482 103,874
210,677 64,555
143,089 81,023
334,6B0 98, 330
092, 338 206,892
830,073 325,480
1,258,712 380,828
103,382 38,739
5,540,050
5,554, 414
* 6,407,946
6,358,071
5,084,401
6,400,100
0,286, 214
9,120,600
0,147,353
8,385, 580
15,010,443
22,821,857
27,470,673
238,100
80, 722
140,705
1,700,830
295,021
382,189
69,702
240,117
255,304
125.683
2,282,999
934,974
621,750
464,520
541,044
202,894
120,333
389,612
042,710
1,016,704
698,811
157,318
1, 111, 043
159,690
347,454
31,925
108,460
1,083,850
105,838
3,018,208
610,141
163,148
1,747,122
501.066
2G6,733
2,353,788
105,233
113,701
160,137
327,083
734,485
150,240
62,124
234,080
459,579
602,582
802.684
62,624
Socialist Miscellaneous
inde­
and Socialist-Labopendent
a
136,454
127,519
436,184
434,645
026,090
508,510
950,074

1 6 4 MILITARY AND CIVIL SEN VICES, ELECTIONS, ETC.
No. 174.— E l e c t O B A L V o t e f o r P r e s i d e n t , b y C h i e f P o l i t i c a l P a r t i e s
a n d b y S t a t e s : 1016 t o 1936
1910 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936
STATE
1
0CL
a>
M
Democratic
1 CL

CONGRESSIONAL REPRESENTATION 165
No. 175.— A p p o r t i o n m e n t o f C o n g r e s s i o n a l R e p r e s e n t a t i o n , b t S t a t e s ,
F r o m A d o p tio n o f C o n s t i t u t i o n t o 1930
N ote.—T he ratios for 1870 and subsequent years Indicate the numbers of inhabitants per member of
the House of Representatives, as provided for by the several apportionment acts. The ratio for each
year prior to 1870 was based on a total made up of (a) the number of free persons, excluding Indians not
. taxed, and (6) three-fifths of the number of slaves
STATE
Constitu
­
tion
«
g
C>
©CO
1700 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1670 I860 1890 1900 1910 1930
o
©
CO
CO
Ratios under Constitution and apportionment acts
|
CO
CO 1
40,000
47,700
70,680
! 05
127,381
131,425
Number of Representatives
Total______ 65 106 142 186 213 242 232 *237 »243 3 293 382 367 3D1 435 496
— -J-. • -■ — — ._j ■----- --—^ .. ■:a«B -----: —~-=C=

9. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
G e n e r a l n o te a s to bancs w e d i n c o m p ilin g s ta tis tic s o f re c e ip ts a n d e x p e n d itu r e s o f th e U n ite d S ta te s G o v e r n ­
m e n t,—Four different bases are used In compiling both the roeoipts and expenditures of the Government.
These bases, in the caso of receipts, aro the daily Treasury statements (unrevised and revised), warrants
issued, and collections reported. The expenditures of the Government are published on the first 3 of
these bases and also on the basis of oheoks issued. Figures in the daily Treasury statements (unrovised)
which aro on a current cash basis are compiled from the latest dally reports from the Treasury offices or
public depositories. Owing to the distance of some of these offices and depositories from the Treasury,
reports from them are somewhat delayed in reaching the Treasury, and consequently it is necessary to issue
the unrovised Treasury statements before they are received. The figures for actual transactions during
a month or year which are calculated to take into account these delayed reports are said to be on a basis
of daily Treasury statements (revised). The unrevised figures are the basis of the Budget estimates
submitted to Congress by the President.
It is provided by law that warrants shall be issued by the Secretary of the Treasury in acknowledgment
of money received, and th at warrants must be drawn by the Secretary of the Treasury for all disbursements
of money. Some of theso warrants for expenditures do not represent actual payments but
are merely advances of credit to disbursing officers, who then issue checks in payment of Government
obligations. Expenditures on the basis of warrants issuod include unoxpendod balances to the credit of
disbursing officers at the end of the year but do not include expenditures made during the year from unoxpended
bnlances of the preceding year.
Expenditures on the basis of checks issued (table 170) represent most accurately the actual expenditures
during any given year. They differ from expenditures shown by daily Treasury statements (rovisod),
beoause they include chocks outstanding at the end of the year and exclude unpaid oheoks at the beginning
of the year.
Government transactions are classified according to the accounts through which they are offected. The
three classes of accounts are: General fund accounts, which include the general revenues and from which
the operating expenses of the Government, including capital outlays and fixed charges, are paid under
appropriations by Congress; speolal fund accounts, or funds received under special authorizations of law
which are earmarked for some specific purpose; and trust fund accounts, representing money received and
held in trust for tho benefit of individuals or olasses of individuals. The latter are not strictly Government
moneys and are shown separately in all tables except No. 177. (See headnoto of that table.)
All figures for receipts and expenditures include postal surpluses or deficiencies only; postal revenues
other than surplus receipts and postal expenditures payable from postal revenues are shown In table 177
No. 176.-— R e c e i p t s a n d E x p e n d i tu e e b o f t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e b n m b n t, b y
C l a s s o f A c c o u n t s ; 1939 a n d 1940
N ote,—All figures in millions and tenths of millions of dollats. Figure are on tho “current cash’’ basts
shown by dally Treasury statements, unrevised; see general note above
YEAR
ENDED
JUNE flO
AND
MONTH
RECEirTS, GENERAL AND 8PECIAL
ACCOUNTS
Total
Customs
Income
tax
Internal
revenue
« ao
§ 3
r-4 ©
*-4
v 5
O
O f-i
Other n
5
Total
EXPENDITURES, GENERAL AND
8PECIAL ACCOUNTS
■B& I
o +»#
W§
hi o
g .2 §
o
Revolving
(net)
t i t
a s
M-C
y
o
i s
D e b t r
men
TRUST AC­
COUNTS, IN­
CREMENT ON
GOLD, ETC.
Receipts
I
1
S'
w
1039......... 6,667.8 318.8 2,188.8 2,972.5 187.8 0, 268.3 8,432.4 92.5 685.2 58.2 1,917.4 1,033.1
1, 941.0
1940......... S. 024.8 348.6 2,125.3 3,177.8 m . i 0, 668.1 8, 736.4 63.9 746.0 129.2 2, 077.6
1039
J u ly -..-. 307.8 26.6 42,2 222.8 17.3 807.3 639.2 .9 167.1 . i 280.0 349.9
420.0 27.2 38.0 336.3 18.5 822.0 745.3 10.7 66.1 240.4 284.4
Sept____ 718.8 35.6 320.0 338.1 16.0 703.3 728.8 6.3 60.2 9.1 87.7 42.2
Oct.......... 321.6 32.4 37.7 233.9 17.5 764.5 701.9 8.8 53.0 .8 135.5 130.1
407.0 20.0 34.1 320.8 23.0 691.0 632.6 5.1 63.0 .4 216.7 wro . t
Dec........ 669.1 27.8 310.1 198.8 23.4 880.3 822.9 1.5 58.0 9.0 107.6 123.1
1940
Jan......... 314.5 35.8 45.3 212.6 20.8 713.0 713.2 4.0 16.0 .8 113.7 77.2
Feb......... 443.8 26.7 62.7 332.0 23.5 668.4 654.2 3.8 10.0 .4 184.2 148.2
M ar____ 034.2 28.7 665.5 220.0 19.1 1,006.4 816.0 5.6 134.8 50.0 193.6 182.2
Apr........ 304.2 26.5 47.6 214.2 16.0 792.3 757.0 6.0 20.0 9.3 104.7 47,1
M a y .--. 399.6 26.3 40.2 316,3 16.8 648.8 642.3 1.0 3.5 2.0 168,6 251.8
Tune........ 784.2 28.1 463.8 231.1 61.2 1,069.8 833.1 3.4 135.0 47.4 288.3 348.8
1 Excess of credits; deduct.
Source: Treasury Department, Dally Statement of the United States Treasury.
166

RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES— NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 1 6 7
No. 177.— R e c e i p t s a n d E x p e n d i t u r e s o p t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e r n m e n t :
1789 t o 1940
N o t e .—In thousands of dollars. Figures prior to 1910 are on the basis of warrants issued (net); thereafter
on the basis of daily Treasury statements (unrevised) except as noted. General, special, and trust accounts
are included for 1789 to 1930; trust and related accounts (increment on gold, etc.) are excluded
beginning with 1931. For explanation of bases used and of accounts, see general note, p. 106. Expenditures
from trust funds, etc., are shown for 1935 to 1939 in table 178
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
ENDED
JU N E 30—
1780-1800 *. 5,717
1801-1810 7. 13,056
1811-18207. 21,032
1821-18307_ 21,923
1831-18407. 30,461
1841-1850 7. 28,545
1851—1860--. 60,237
1861-1865— 160,907
1800-1870-. 447,301
1871-1876— 336,830
1876-1880— 288,124
1881-1885__ 360,961
1886-1890— 375,448
1891-1895__ 352,891
1896-1900-. 434,877
1001-1605-. 559,481
1903............. 561,881
1004............. 541,087
1905............. 544, 275
1006............. 504,984
1907............. 665, 800
1008............. 601,862
1909 . 604,320
1910 . 675, 512
1911 . 701,833
1912 . 692,609
1913 . 724, 111
1914. - ................ 734, 673
1915. .
1916.............
1017.............
1918 .
1919 .
1920 .
1921 .
1922 .
1923 .
1924 .
1925 .
1926 .
1927-...........
1928.............
1929. .
1930. .
1931 ” ..........
1932 i»..........
1933 u..........
1934 »..........
1935 »8_........
1936 i*_____
1937 »..........
1938 19-------
1939 « - ........
1940 72____
Total*
697, 911
782, 635
1, 124,325
3, 664, 688
5,162, 257
6,694,565
5, 624,938
4,109,104
4,007,135
4,012,045
3,780,149
3,602,750
4,126,394
4,042,348
4,038, 250
4, 177, 942
3,189, 039
2,005,725
2,079, 697
3,115, 554
3,800, 467
4,115,057
6,293,840
6,241,661
5,667,824
5,924,830
Customs
3
5,020
12,046
16,383
19,852
20,470
25,649
54,498
08,980
178.903
186,200
146,594
201,963
216,557
176,861
185,089
260,117
284,480
261,276
261, 799
300,252
332,233
286,113
300,712
333, 683
314,497
811,322
318,891
292,320
209,787
213.186
225,962
179,998
184, 458
322.903
308,564
256,443
561,929
645, 638
547, 561
579,430
605,600
568,986
602,263
587,001
378,354
327,756
250,750
313,434
343,353
386,812
ORDINARY RECEIPTS
Internal revenue
Income
and profits
tax
* 28,005
50,604
7,760
(*) 10 29
u 77
Miscellaneous
*375
201
1,545
32
6
*1
«64,666
171,310
112.217
110,697
132,102
120,683
150,228
206,623
255,374
230,810
232,904
234,006
249,150
260,667
251,711
240, 213
208,982
289.012
293,029
309,411
308,600
335,468
387, 765
449, 685
872,028
1,206, 601
1,460,082
1,300,380
1,145,125
045,865
953.013
828,638
855,699
644,422
021,010
007, 308
628,308
569,387
503,670
858.218
20, 952
33, 517
28, 583
35,000
71,381
80, 202
124,937
359,681
2,314,000
3,018, 784
3,644,949
3,206,046
2,068, 128
1,078,007
1,842,144
1,760, 588
1,982, 040
2, 224, 993
2,173, 963
2,330, 712
2,410, 987
1,860, 394
1,057,336
746,200
817,901 181,822,642
1,099,119 18 2,178,571
1,426, 575 ‘*2,080,276
486,357 1*3,168,414 ‘*2,433,726
359.187 1*2,640,285 ‘*3,034,034
318,837 **2,188,757 ‘*2,972,404
348,591 1*2,126,325 ‘*3,177,809
Sales
of public
lands*
457
1,624
1,
7.452
2,085
4,583
655
2,110
2,223
1,025!
6,080
8,097
2,660
1,526
5,670
8,926
7.453
4,859
4,880
7,879
9.732
7,701
6, 356
5.732
5,393
2, 910
2, 572
2,107
1,888
1,893
1, 969
1,405
1, 910
1, 530
895
057
522
624
754
021
385
315
396
230
170
103
90
87 74
71
90
248
Ci»)
*30
*22
51
(8)
3,800
3, 600
5, 200
48, 631
89, 006
5, 213
81
S u r ­
plus
postal
receipts
Miscellaneous
recoipts
283
330
1,430
050
2,633
809
1,157
10,904
44,368
28,429
23,808
26,790
24,111
23,136
41.639
38,321
37,665
■39,465
43,521
40,703
66,081
54,306
49,695
45.639
59,075
54,283
57,893
65,940
66,787
54, 759
81,903
247,950
561, 204
959,508
718,412
538,431
820,077
670,728
042,788
544,932
653, T““
678,006
402, i—
551,250
381,273
116,704
224,420
101,417
179,337
216,219
210,272
208,060
187,517
273,112
Surplus (+)
or deficit
(—) ordinary
receipts
compared
with expenditures
chargeable
against
them ‘
-59
+3,970
-2,911
-H, 761
± i r
+74
-522,878
+69,669
+49,370
+32,526
+109,270
+90,314
-10,708
-22,574
+23,922
+44,875
-42,673
-23,004
+24,782
+80,732
-57,334
-89,423
-18,105
+10,031
+2,728
-401
-408
-92,676
+48,478
-853,357
-9,033,254
-13,376,038
■ +212,475
+86,724
+313,802
+309,057
+505,307
+250,506
--377,768
- -635,8X0
--398,828
+184,787
+188,789
-901,950
-2,942,051
-2,245,453
-3,255,303
-3,782,000
-4,952,929
-3,252,540
-1,449,626
-3,600,514
-3,741.240
Postal
revenues,
excluding
surplus
postal
receipts
»
117
403
862
1,400
3,347
4,622
6,798
10,061
16,422
23,642
29,702
42,011
62,508
72,965
90,311
132,823
134,224
143,583
152,827
107,933
183,585
191,479
203,562
224,129
237,880
246,744
266, 020
284,135
283,748
312,058
324,520
295,845
274,941
431,937
403,401
484,772
532, 828
572, 949
599. 591
059,820
683,122
693.634
696,948
705,484
656, 463
588,172
587, 631
586,733
630, 795
605, 343
726,201
728.634
745,955
Postal
expenditures,
excluding
postal
deficiencies
8
108
390
823
1,415
3,272
4,580
6,947
10,357
17,443
23,601
29,253
42,466
52,120
74,001
80,226
133,471
136,043
145,893
152,356
165,802
182,648
195,501
201,541
221,515
237,661
246,961
261,082
283,558
291,945
300,728
319,890
322,628
362,161
418,007
489,506
481,816
524,366
574,774
616,120
640,286
687,865
603,675
687,709
711,988
656,880
500,840
582,620
578,764
632,633
667,021
730,919
728,187
743,410

168 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. ITT.— R e c e ip ts a n d E x p e n d i t u r e s o p t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e r n m e n t -
1789 t o 1940—Continued
EXPENDITURES CHARGEABLE AGAINST ORDINARY RECEIPTS (THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
ENDED
JUNE 30—
T o ta l
T o t a l
C iv il a n d
m is c e lla ­
n e o u s
O r d in a r y e x p e n d itu r e s
W a r
'.D e p a rtm
e n t 16
N a v y
D e p a r t ­
m e n t 16
I n ­
d i a n s ^
P e n ­
s io n s is
P o s ta l
d e f i­
c i e n ­
c ie s 17 10
I n t e r e s t
o n t h e
p u b l i c
d e b t
P u b l i c
d e b t
r e ti r e -
‘m o n t s
1789-1800 zo. 5,770
3801-1810 20_ 9, 086
1811-1820 20. 23, 943
1821—1830 20. 16,102
1831-1840 20. 24,495
1841-1850 20, 34,097
1851-1860— 6Q, 103
1861-1865... 683,785
1866-1870-. 377, m
1871-1875... 287,400
1876-1880— 255,598
1881-1885.,. 257,691
1886-1890.,. 279,134
1891-1895... 303, 599
1896-1900... 457,451
1901-1905... 535, 559
1903............... 517,006
1004............... 583, 660
1905 _____________
567,279
5 ,7 7 6
9 ,0 8 6
23,943
16,162
24,495
34,097
60,163
683,785
377,642
287,460
255.598
257,691
279,134
363.599
457,451
5 3 5 ,55D
517,006
583,660
567,279
5 70.202
820
1,871
2, 589
3 ,1 4 5
5 ,0 1 6
7 ,8 4 4
2 1 ,2 3 3
2 5 ,8 9 4
54, 525
0 9 ,1 5 2
5 0 ,8 1 9
6 8 ,2 5 6
8 2 ,3 6 5
9 7 ,0 4 8
9 7 ,1 7 1
129,897
133,073
131,3 5 7
127, 968
.131, 039
1,464
1,632
10,742
3,919
8,321
13,401
15,784
547,753
127,816
40,186
37,170
43,010
40,085
50,326
111, 278
133,362
118,030
165,200
126,094
137,320
149,775
175,840
192,487
180,823
107,199
184,123
202,129
208,350
202,160
183,176
1906 ..........................
570, 202
1007_______ 579,129 579,129 145,642
1908 .......................... 659,106 ..........................
0 59,196 162, 532
1909 ..........................
093,744 693,744 167,001
1910 ..........................
693, 617 603,617 171,581
i o n ............ 691,202 691.202 173,839
1912 _____________
689,881 689,881 1 7 2 ,2 5 7
1913 ..........................
724, 512 724,512 1 6 9 ,8 0 2
1914 ..........................
735, 081 735,081 170,5 3 0
1015.............. 7 6 0 ,5 8 7 7 60,587 2 0 0 ,5 3 3
1916 ..........................
7 3 4 ,Q56 7 34,050 1 9 1 ,7 5 3
1917 ..........................
1 ,9 7 7 ,6 8 2 977,682 1 ,1 4 4 ,4 4 9 377,041
1918 .......................... 12,697,837 ..........................
696,702 0 . 869,955 143.0 1 6
1919.............. 1 8 ,5 22,895 514,880 6 ,6 2 7 ,7 2 0 009.076
1920 _____________
6 ,4 8 2 ,0 9 0 4 03,344 2 ,7 7 1 ,1 4 2 621,953
1921 _____________
5, 538,209 115,928 1 ,9 1 6 ,1 2 2 118.076
1922 ..........................
3 ,7 9 5 ,3 0 3 372,608 1 ,0 9 1 ,6 5 2 457,756
1923 ..........................
3 ,6 9 7 ,4 7 8 294,628 1 ,1 6 0 ,6 3 4 397,051
1924 ..........................
3, 506, G7S 048,678 1, 131,1 5 5 357,017
1925 ..........................
3 ,5 2 9 ,6 4 3 063,105 1 ,1 8 3 ,8 8 2 370,981
1926 ..........................
3 ,5 8 4 ,9 8 8 097,612 1 .2 9 3 .7 0 3 364,090
1927 ..........................
3 ,4 9 3 ,5 8 5 974,030 1 ,2 0 4 ,3 7 6 309,114
1928-............. 3 ,6 4 3 ,5 2 0 103,265 1 .3 4 0 .7 0 3 400,000
1929 .......................... 3 ,8 4 8 ,4 6 3 ..........................
298,859 1 ,4 7 1 ,4 5 3 425,947
1930 _____________
3 ,0 9 4 , 152 440,209 1 ,5 9 7 ,5 1 2 464,854
193125.......... 4 ,0 0 1 ,5 9 8 651,510 1 ,8 0 0 ,6 4 1 478,419
193222. . . 4 ,0 4 7 ,7 7 7 535,147 2 ,6 3 9 ,2 8 0 477,450
1033 « .......... 4 ,3 2 5 ,1 5 0 863,545 2 ,0 0 0 ,1 3 0 449,395
1934 22.......... 6 ,3 7 0 .' 011,083 4 ,1 5 3 ,8 4 4 408,895
193522........... 7 , 583, 009,875 4 ,7 9 7 ,0 5 2 489,155
1936 »2.......... 0 ,068. 665,645 6 ,2 5 4 ,3 1 8 618,919
1937 22.......... 8,546, 442,409 5 ,9 1 5 ,9 1 4 628,348
1938 s2.......... 7,691, 625,822 4 ,9 7 8 ,3 2 1 644,525
1039 22.......... 9,268, 210,092 0 ,3 9 5 ,8 8 0 695,780
1940 22.......... 9,666, 536,001 6 ,6 5 6 ,3 1 1 907,160
si 745
1 ,6 3 7
4 ,6 7 6
3 ,2 9 5
5 ,0 4 2
7 ,6 1 9
1 1 ,9 9 7
6 5 ,3 3 0
2 8 ,3 8 3
2 3 ,3 2 7
1 5 ,9 9 0
1 5 ,8 6 3
1 7 ,8 7 2
2 0 ,1 8 5
4 8 ,0 8 6
8 6 ,2 8 7
8 2 ,6 1 8
1 0 2 ,9 5 6
1 1 7 ,5 5 0
1 1 0 ,4 7 4
9 7 ,1 2 8
1 1 8 .0 3 7
1 1 5 ,5 4 6
1 2 3 ,1 7 4
1 1 9 .0 3 8
1 3 5 ,5 9 2
1 3 3 ,2 6 3
1 3 9 ,6 8 2
1 4 1 ,8 3 6
1 5 3 ,8 5 4
2 3 0 ,6 3 3
, 2 7 8 ,8 4 0
, 002,811
7 3 6 ,0 2 1
6 5 0 ,3 7 4
4 7 0 ,7 7 5
3 3 3 ,2 0 1
3 3 2 ,2 4 9
3 4 6 ,1 4 2
3 1 2 ,7 4 3
3 1 8 ,9 0 9
3 3 1 ,3 3 5
3 6 4 .5 0 2
374, 166
3 5 4 ,0 7 1
3 5 7 ,6 1 8
3 4 9 .5 0 2
2 0 7 ,0 2 9
4 3 6 ,4 4 8
5 2 9 ,0 3 2
5 5 0 ,8 8 4
5 9 6 ,2 7 8
6 7 2 ,9 6 9
8 0 1 ,6 2
27
164
317
599
2 ,6 1 2
1,458
3 ,2 6 7
3,203
4,488
7,504
5,405
7,328
6, 429
10,651
11,832
11,711
12,935
10,438
14,236
12,747
1 5 ,1G4
14,5 8 0
15,695
18,504
20,934
20,135
20,306
20,215
22,130
17,570
3 0 ,5Q8
30,888
34,593
40,517
41,471
38,500
45,143
46.754
38.755
48,442
36,792
38, 901
34,087
32,067
26,779
20,125
22,722
23,373
2 7 ,0X9
28,876
30, 033
33,378
46,964
(«)
82
79
741
1 ,2 4 8
2 ,5 7 2
1 ,7 9 0
1,531
4 ,8 5 8
23,428
30,166
35,051
57,790
82, 657
140,186
141,642
140,114
138,426
142,559
141,774
141,035
139,310
1 5 3 ,8 9 2
161,710
160, 696
157,981
153,590
175,085
173,440
164,383
159,302
ICO, 318
181,138
221,615
213,344
260,611
252,577
264,148
228,262
218,321
2 07,190
230,556
220,401
( 24)
2, 629
3 , 7 0 4
4 ,8 7 7
3 ,0 5 0
21 331
21195 1 ,7 0 1
w 3, 674 2, 776
2 ,1 4 6 34, 601
21 3 ,5 6 2 1 3 5 ,4 4 1
5, 544 1 1 1 ,0 8 0
4 ,0 7 2 100,1 0 1
21 1 ,7 0 2 6 3 ,7 4 2
5 ,6 9 0 44, 027
6 ,8 0 1 2 9 ,4 0 2
9 ,2 7 9 3 8 ,1 6 4
6 ,3 3 9 2 7 ,8 4 9
2 ,7 6 9 2 8 ,5 5 0
6 ,5 0 3 24, 016
1 5 ,0 6 5 24, 591
12,8 7 3 24, 309
7 ,0 2 9 2 4 ,4 8 1
1 2 ,8 8 8 2 1 ,4 2 6
19,501 21, 304
8 ,4 9 6 21, 343
21, 311
1, 568 22, 010
1 .0 2 7 2 2 ,8 0 0
2 2 ,8 6 4
6 ,6 3 7 2 2 ,9 0 3
5, 500 22, 901
24, 743
2 ,2 2 1 1 8 9 ,7 4 3 1 ,1 3 4
344 0 1 9 , 2 1 6 8 ,0 1 5
115 1 ,0 2 0 ,2 5 2 78, 740
130,128 999, 145 4 2 2 ,2 8 2
6 4 ,3 4 0 0 9 1 ,0 0 1 4 2 2 ,6 9 5
3 2 ,5 2 7 1 ,0 5 5 ,9 2 4 4 0 2 ,8 5 0
12,639 940, 003 4 5 8 ,0 0 0
2 3 ,2 1 7 8 8 1 ,8 0 7 466, 538
39, 506 8 3 1 ,9 3 8 4 8 7 ,3 7 0
2 7 ,2 6 3 787, 020 519, 555
3 2 ,0 8 0 7 31, 7 0 4 540, 255
9 4 ,7 0 0 6 7 8 ,3 3 0 5 4 9 ,6 0 4
91, 714 659, 348 5 5 3 ,8 8 4
145,644 O il, 560 440, 082
202,876 5 9 9 ,2 7 7 412, 030
117,380 6 8 9 ,3 6 5 461, 605
52,003 7 5 6 ,6 1 7 3 5 9 ,8 0 4
63,070 8 2 0 ,9 2 6 5 7 3 ,5 5 8
SO, 039 7 4 9 ,3 9 7 4 0 3 ,2 4 0
4 1 ,8 9 7 23 8GG, 384 103,0 7 1
44,2 5 9 23 0 2 0 ,2 8 1 6 5 ,4 6 5
4 1 ,2 3 7 040, 540 5 8 .2 4 0
40,870 1 ,0 4 0 ,9 3 0 1 2 9 ,1 8 4
ment includp e x p o n d l t o S ®
ar0 in0lUdC

RECEIPTS ANP EXPENDITURES-— NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 169
N o. 1 7 8 .— R e c e i p t s a n d E x p e n d i t u r e s o p t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e r n m e n t, b y
M a j o r C l a s s i f i c a t i o n s : 1935 t o 1939
N o t e .—I n th o u s a n d s o f d o lla rs. Figures are for years ended June 30. They arc on the basis of daily
Treasury statements (unrevised). See goneral note, p. 166
1935 1038 1937 1938 1939
GENERAL AND SPECIAL ACCOUNTS
Reoeipts, total. 8, 800,467 4,115,967 5,293, 840 6, 241,661 6,867,824
Internal revenue.................................................... 3, 277,690 3, 512,862 4,597,140 6,074,318 5,361,221
Inoome tax........................................................ 1,099,119 1,426,575 2,157,527 2,634,618 2,182,300
Unjust enrichment tax......................................
5,887 5,667 0,457
Taxes under Social Security Act......................
252,161 604,449 631,224
Taxes upon carriers and their employeos.........
345 150,132 109,257
Processing tax on farm products...................... 521,380 76,640 3 (2)
Miscellaneous internal revenue........................ 1, 657,192 2,009,627 2,181,218 2,279,463 2,231,983
Customs.................................................................. 343,353 386,812 486,357 359,187 318,837
Principal and interest—foreign obligations......... 608 547 691 588 500
Proceods of other Government-owned securities. 38,106 00,361 68,259 64,965 58,402
Panama Canal tolls, eto....................................... 24,704 25,000 25,371 25,108 24,834
Seigniorage............................................................. 58,035 39,207 48,012 35,603 22,759
Other miscellaneous receipts.-............................. 57,911 60,210 67,211 81,891 81,270
General expenditures, total......................... 8,225,007 8,899,828 4,297,089 4, 680,648 5,827,746
Departmental, to tal3............................................
Legislative establishment..................................
Executive proper.................................-.............
State Department..............................................
Treasury Department.......................................
War Department (nonmilitary)*......................
Department of Justice.......................................
Post Office Department....................................
Department of the Interior...............................
Department of Agriculture...............................
Department of Commerce................................
Department of Labor.........................................
Shipping Board.................................................
United States Maritime Commission..............
Civil Aeronautics Authority....... . ...................
Independent offices and commissions..............
Unclassified items..........................................
Adjustment for checks outstanding.................
Publfo buildings3...................................................
Public highways 8..................................................
River and harbor work and flood control3.........
Reclamation projects8 fl.._....................................
Rural Electrification Administration.................
Panama Canal3.....................................................
Postal deficiency (current)...................................
Postal deficiency (prior years)..............................
Railroad Retirement Board......................... -___
Social Security A ct»............................................
United States Housing Authority3....................
District of Columbia (United States share)3__
National defense:3
Army 1..........................................-...........-........
Navy............................................................ . . . .
Veterans’ Administration .............................
Agricultural Adjustment program......................
Farm Tenant Act*-—........................................
Civilian Conservation Corps 1.............................
Farm Credit Administration 3.............................
Tennessee Valley Authority8.......... -..................
Interest on the public debt..................................
Refunds of receipts:
Customs........................-....................................
Internal revenue................................................
Processing tax on farm products......................
To States of taxes collected under the Social
Security Act.................................................
355,993
10,624
458
15,861
121,863
2,128
32,279
514
55,211
62,037
32,316
13,012
W , S 4 8
29,473
- 6 , 4 1 6
26,209
55,’il9
8,700
63,970
4,539
212,187
321,411
555, 573
711,819
12,979
820, 926
20,716
24,532
31,208
420,105
21, 510
425
16,816
132,289
1,486
37,842
3 178
66,081
76,740
35,134
15,254
3 12, 100
40,196
2,008
m
15, 045
28,800
71,399
13,889
"n,~448
86,039
270
28,445
503, 015
23,077
502
17, COO
147,440
3,214
38,680
«2 ,6 2 2
86, 90S
101,206
38,178
16,836
3 1,007
3 5,081
43,434
3 1 , 18S
- 7 8 8
33,990
89,703
140,470
5,207
040
11,917
48,322
* 1 6 ,4 2 6
5,479
182,769
5,708 6,000
373,015
391,424
575, 082
532, 524
11, 551
21,017
749,397
14,085
30,100
10,082
360,028
497,084
680,236
627,061
321,181
27,272
10 41,995
860,384
16,549
32,849
6,510
550,508
26,780
470
10,327
152,076
2,005
42,030
2,900
98,878
112,774
41,178
18,102
2,073
3 1 ,9 4 9
41,583
47
+438
60,818
162,037
164,995
39,908
10,628
11,361
43,407
8 851
31,872
291,453
165
5,000
404,702
569,455
581,765
361, 659
3,052
324,080
8,155
42,002
926,281
16,156
32,792
10,233
40,562
044,992
21,944
447
19,145
159,765
3,370
43,396
3 1,669
118,524
126,492
34,607
18,845
0) 43.507
13,519
47,626
42
- 4 ,7 0 9
45.125
176,787
185,972
50,096
30,901
9,802
41,199
3 38
3,345
341,621
3,417
5,000
441,213
633,389
551,914
786.507
26,634
289,831
4,574
40,807
040,540
10,079
39,177
12,005
3 Less than $500. 3Included in "Miscellaneous internal revenue."
3 Additional expenditures are included under "Recovery and relief" or “Revolving funds (net).”
3 Expenditures for 1936 include adjustments in classification of repayments to appropriations deposited
by Army disbursing officers in 1934 and 1935, as follows: Increase—National defense, Army (general expenditures),
$65,582,000. Decrease: General expenditures—War Department, nonmilitary, $607,000. Recovery
and relief—Civilian Conservation Corps, $50,790,000; public works, all other, for War Department, nonmilitary,
$640,000; public works, national defense, Army, $13,072,000. Trust accounts—Other, $473,000.
3 Excess of credits, deduct.
• Boulder Canyon project only, for 1937, other reclamation projects included in "Departmental—Department
of the Interior. . „ ,
t Represents repayments of funds by Post Office Department of grants for fiscal years 1925 to 1933.
8 Represents payments and repayments on account of adjustment of grants for prior years.
9 Administrative expenses and grants to States.
30 Compensating differences in tho amount of $1,000 between these classifications and figures shown in
Dally Treasury Statement for June 30, 1937.
2 6 7 7 0 6 ° — 4 1 ------- 1 3

1 7 0 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 1 7 8 ,— R e c e i p t s a n d E x p e n d i t u r e s o f t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e r n m e n t , b y
M a j o r C l a s s i f i c a t i o n s : 1935 t o 1939—Continued
[In thousands of dollars. Figures are lor years ended June 30]
OENEBAL AND SPECIAL ACCOUNTS—continued
Recovery and relief expenditures, total___
Agricultural aid:
Federal Farm Mortgage Corporation..............
Federal land banks............ _..............................
Commodity Credit Corporation......................
Relief:
Federal Timer penny Belief Administration411,_
Civil Works Administration............................
Civilian Conservation Corps >* **___________
Department of Agriculture—relief....................
Public works (Including work relief):
Boclamation projects11 u..................................
Public highways 11.............................................
River and harbor work and flood control >•_ ..
Public Works Adm., loans and grants___ ___
Works Progress Adm., tool. Nat.Youth Adm ..
Public buildings 14..........................................
National defense:'4
A rm y1!.............. .............................................
N avy...............................................................
All other, including administrative expenses >*.
Aid to homo owners:
Homo-loan system:
Reconstruction Finance Corporation funds.
Federal snvings and loan associations..........
Emergency housing...........................................
United States Housing Authority »........ .......
Federal Housing Administration ............
Farm Security Administration,............ .........
Miscellaneous...................................... ................
Revolving funds (net), total......................
Agricultural aid:
Farm Credit Administration 11 14..................
Other..................................................................
Public works:
Loans and grants to States, municipalities, eto.
Loans to railroads..........................................
Transfers to trust accounts, etc., total____
Old-age reserve account.......................................
Railroad retirement account................... ...........
Adjusted-service-oertiflcate fund........................
Government employees retirement funds (XT. S.
share)...............................................................
Debt retirements, total_______________
Total expenditures..
Excess of expenditures over receipts..................
Less public-debt retirements.......................
Excess of expenditures excluding publlo-debt
retirements........................................................
TRUST ACCOUNTS, INCREMENT ON BOLD, ETC.
Receipts, total14_____________________ ,
District of Columbia...........................................
Government life-insurance fund..........................
Adjusted-service-certlflcatefund..........................
Civil-service re tirement fund...............................
Foreign-service retirement fund.........................
Canal Zone retirement fund...............................
Alaska Railroad retirement fund..___ _______
Indian tribal funds..............................................
Insular possessions................................................
Other...................................................................
Unclassified item s................................................
Increment resulting from reduction In weight of
gold dollar............................................. ............
Seigniorage n........................................................
1Less than _____ $500.
U33
S, 368, 5S0
48,047
136
1,820, 094
11,327
435, 509
80, 501
23, 821
317, 357
147, 025
32,757
01,299
115,037
118,278
46,200
29,487
6,480
16,964
6,424
51,028
246,829
20, 504
111,827
137,707
66,231
71,009
50,000
21,009
573, 558
7, 583, 434
3, 782, 068
573, 558
3,209,408
392,669
47,957
69,532
5,781
61,740
443
549
6,681
28, 951
31, 812
» 8, 617
1936
5,441,164
60,487
96,852
495,592
676
486,281
2,882
10,024
216,096
152,319
1,263,661
52, 942
9,639
137,608
206,647
17,696
19,689
24,906
14,506
133,016
35,735
11,011
‘ 18,716
‘ 1 1 6 0 7
172,116
1187,m
1,314,155
1,773,403
40,662
4,962,929
403,240
4,549,689
475,104
41,562
70,341
10,468
84,112
454
1,085
6,861
19,062
43,361
2,344
1937
3,073,383 2,237, 564
64,181
24
12,401
297
64,677
476
9,739
260,909
94,484
1,896,447
42,259
19, 205
59,801
254, 248
20, 664
22
50,734
16,740
209,696
‘ s , e m
203, 536
‘ 1 1 6 8 0
‘ S , 1 4 6
224,480
‘ 8 ,1 1 9
968,401
266,000
666,665
48,735
103,971
8,646,880
3,252,540
103,071
3,148,5
904,021
38,698
03,076
4.137
94,189
601
1.138
97
6,949
18,218
44,008
« 1 6 4
5, 727
69,828
94,362
4,369
222
1,897
2
25,498
84, 676
33,639
1,472,499
16,800
20,803
20,823
120,102
4,735
12
22,458
20, 488
11, 726
180,149
7,149
120,963
‘ 8 ,4 1 6
‘ 4 , m
136,875
‘ 8 ,9 7 7
387,000
146,403
73,256
65,486
7,891,287
1,449,626
05,465
1,384,101
1,727,032
45,381
93,459
1,475
127,143
512
1,155
342
0,720
15, 380
30,355
599
3, 104,688
7,819
42,882
108
1,060
222
654
2
29,233
27,720
7,020
288,708
2,239,003
6,206
48,306
30,580
164,266
(>)
06
5,212
9,141
183,623
8,003
92,464
«6 ,6 6 8
‘ 8 ,7 4 9
100,766
885,204
503,000
107,007
75,107
68,246
9,288,388
3,800,614
68,246
3,642,208
1,917,362
52,342
05,021
1,020
133,479
510
1,168
303
16,362
10, 554
29,001
11400
1,738 784 1,576 1,095 481
140,111 175,789 39,787 90,351 90,207
1Exoess of credits, deduot.
" Includes expenditures made by Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation from funds provided for
Federal Emergency Relief Administration.
11 Figures include expenditures from funds allocated by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation,
■i See note 4, p. 169.
14 Additional expenditures under this account are shown under general expenditures.
14 Expenditures for 1935 to 1937 include only Boulder Canyon project, other reclamation projects being
included in “Public Works—All other."
18 Effective Dec. 81, 1937, transfers from the general fund are treated as receipts instead of offsets against
expenditures. The figures for the fiscal year 1937 include adjustments on this account.
11 Counter-entry receipts, deduot.
>®Resulting from issuance of silver certificates against silver acquired under Silver Purchase Aot of 1934.

EXPENDITURES— NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 171
No. 178.— R e c e i p t s a n d E x p e n d i t u r e s o p t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e r n m e n t , b y
M a j o r C l a s s i f i c a t i o n s : 1935 t o 1939— Continued
[In thousands of dollars. Figures are for years ended Juno 30]
1035 1936 1937 1638 1036
TRUST ACCOUNTS, INCREMENT ON GOLD, ETC.—
continued
Receipts, total—Continued
Unemployment trust fund .............................. 18,949 294,440
207,262
Expenditures, total t*................. ........ ..........
District of Columbia........... ................................
Government life insurance fund...........................
Adjusted-service certificate f u n d ____________
Civil-service retirement Cund..........- ....................
Foreign-service retirement fund...........................
Canal Zone retirement fund...............................
a SSO, 996 560.384 629,133
42, 811
68,894
6,529
61,784
461
576
Indian tribal funds................................................ 1,295
4,667
Unclassified items.......................... ....................... 304
Transactions in chocking accounts of governm
ental agencies (not), etc.20........ -................. «537, m
Chargeable against inorement on gold.................
Unemployment trust fund....................................
46,011
68,460
* 1 9 ,6 0 0
83,641
435
1,081
13,032
47,309
‘ 1,7*4
* 1 0 8 ,9 9 6
113,023 403,829
18,909
42,851
73,687
26,059
93,787
492
1,124
67
7,666
33,765
1,190
• S I S , 841
100,782
294,386
267,127
762,833
402,412
147,813
1,472,032
46,453
113,719
2,270
126,998
525
1,156
344
8,287
27,272
23
> 9 0 5 ,9 8 7
51,638
750,680
400,604
146,049
838,087
529.951
109,299
1,033,076
47,381
01,092
1,222
132,851
521
1,142
308
4,902
46,728
66
> 7 6 8 ,8 9 6
> 1 ,6 U
6,500
836,795
528, 762
106,774
Excess of recoipts (+) or expenditures ( - ) ------- +720,665 -85,220 +274,888 +256,000 +884,286
s Excess of credits, deduct. 18 See note 4, p, 169.
18 See note IQ, p. 1/0.
i0 The figures for 1085 inolude $333,245,000, which amount represents transfers on May 31,1935, of balances
in cheoking accounts of certain special agencies of the Government. The figures since that date represent
net transactions of those agencies.
Source: Treasury Department, Annual Report of the Secrotary. Figures published currently in “Daily
Statem ent of the United States Treasury."
No. 179.— E x p e n d i t u r e s o f t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e r n m e n t , b y O b j e c t a n d
A c c o u n t s : F i s c a l Y e a r 1939
N ote.—Figures are on the basis of cheeks issued. See general note, p. 166
OBJECT OF EXPENDITURE Amount OBJECT OF EXPENDITURE Amount
GENERAL AND SPECIAL ACCOUNTS
Legislatives
TJ. S, Senate*.........................................
House of Representatives...................
Legislative, miscellaneous-..................
Architect of the Capitol....... ..................
R e c o v e r y a n d re lic ,f.______ ________
Botanic Garden_____ _____________
L ibrary of Congress ___ _________
R e c o v e r y a n d r e lie f. _____ _________
Government Printing Office *_______
Total legislative 1____ -__________
General....................... —
R e c o v e r y a n d r e li e f.___________
Executive office..*___________________
Independent offices:
American Battle Monuments Com’n .
Board of Tax Appeals * _____ _______
Central Statistical Board____ ______
C e n s u s o f p a r ti a l e m p lo y m e n t, u n e m ­
p l o y m e n t , a n d o c c u p a tio n s , reco v e ry
a n d r e l i e f.............................................
Civil Aeronautics Authority >..............
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f ...............................
Civil Service Commission *...................
Civilian Conservation Corps1..............
R e c o v e r y a n d r e lie f...............................
Em ployees' Compensation Com’n i ...
R e c o v e r y a n d r e lie f. .............................
F arm Credit Administration1.............
Federal Communications Com’n i___
1,000
d o lla r s
3,712
8,633
3,263
89
106
2,804
1 85
3,307
21,829
m
447
140
535
127
85
13,766
u r n
3,178
290,300
88
4,866
9 ,1 1 6
3,460
1,779
1 For tru st fund expenditures, see p. 175. 3 Excess of oredits, deduot.
* Heretofore stated under Department of the Interior.
GENERAL AND SPECIAL ACCOUNTS—COn.
Independent offioes—Continued.
Fed. Emergency Adm. of Publio
Works, administrative expenses *___
R e c o v e ry a n d r e li e f...........................
F e d . e m e rg e n c y h o u s in g , rec. a n d r e lie f K
F e d e r a l E m e r g e n c y R e l ie f A d m in i s tr a ­
tio n , recovery a n d r e lie f........................
Federal Homo Loan Bank Board1____
F e d . H o u s in g A d m . , rec. a n d r e lie f i___
Federal Power Commission ».............
R e c o v e ry a n d r e lie f.............................
Federal Prison Industries, Inc.............
Federal Trade Commission..................
General Accounting Office1. . . ............
R e c o v e ry a n d r e lie f....................... -
Golden Gate Internat’l Expos.............
Interstate Commerce Commission___
Maritime Labor Board.........................
Mount Rushmore National Memorial
Commission3. . . .................................
Nat. Adv. Com'teefor Aoronautics«...
National Archives............. __.................
National Capitol Pork and Planning
Commission........................................
N a t . E m e r g e n c y C o u n c il, rec. a n d r e lie f.
National Labor Relations Board 3.......
National Mediation Board...................
N a t . R e s o u r c e s C om H cc, rec. a n d r e lie f..
New York World’s Fair___________
P u b l ic W o r k s A d m . , rec. a n d relief:
G r a n ts................... ...........................
L o a n s ................................................
1,000
d o lla rs
6
8 8 ,8 8 4
68
1 ,1 5 0
1,121
1 8 ,1 8 0
1,868
81
* 8 #
2,176
5,288
L 8 8 0
1,090
8,434
144
2,249
810
632
805
2 ,8 6 0
407
m
2,354
8 8 5 ,8 0 9
18,7 4 1

1 7 2 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 179.—E x p e n d i t u r e s o f t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e r n m e n t, b y O b j e c t a n d
A c c o u n ts : F i s c a l Y e a r 1939—Continued
OBJECT OF EXPENDITURE
OBJECT OF EXPENDITURE
A m o u n t
GENERAL AND SPECIAL ACCOUNTS— COB.
Independent offices—Continued. I
Railroad Retirement Board*.................1
Rural Electrification Adm.1.................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .......................... .............
Securities and Exchange Com’n*.........
Smithsonian Institution........................
Social Security B o ard :'4
Administrative exponsos...............—
Grants to States.................................
Temp, Nat. Economic Com'tee___...
Thomas Jefferson Memorial Cora’n - .
Tennessee Valley Authority.................
U, S. Constitution Sosquicentenninl
Commission................ ____ ______
U, S. Maritime Commission *..............
U. S. Shipping Board Bureau1............
U. S. Tariff Commission__ ________
Veterans' Administration:
Salaries and expenses (inch printing).
Adjusted service and dependent pay.
Hospital and domiciliary facilities
and services.-............................
Military and naval insurance____
E m e r g e n c y r e lie f, r e c . a n d r e l i e f ...........
P u b l i c W o r k s A d m ,, r e c . a n d r e l i e f . .
Army and Navy pensions...............
Miscellaneous!.............................
Total, Veterans' Administration
G e n e r a l ...............
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .
W o r k s P r o g r e s s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n 1.............
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . ......................................
M i s c e lla n e o u s c o m m is s io n s , h o a r d s ,
etc .* .....................................................................
R eco v e ry a n d r e l i e f . _ ....................................
R e v o l v i n g f u n d s , recoaery a n d re lie /
■ F arm ers’ c r o p p r o d u c tio n a n d iuuve&lin
g l o a n s ..................................................... ..
R o a n s a n d g ra n ts to S t a t e s , m u n ic ip a l­
ities, r a ilr o a d s , e tc_____ _________________
L o a n s a n d re tie / i n s tric k e n a g r i c u l t u r a l
a r e a s ( tr a n s fe r to F a r m C r e d it
A d m . ) .................................................................
T r a n s f e r s t o t r u s t a c c o u n ts
R a ilr o a d r e ti r e m e n t a c c o u n t .......................
G o v e r n m e n t e m p lo y e e s ’ r e ti r e m e n t
f u n d s ( U n ite d S ta t e s s h a r e ) :
A la s k a R a i l r o a d r e ti r e m e n t f u n d ___
C iv il S e r v ic e r e ti r e m e n t a n d d i s ­
a b i l i t y f u n d ..............................................
C a n a l Z o n e r e t i r e m e n t f u n d . . . . ............
Total, Independent offices!..
General............................ .
Pecouery a n d r e lie f. ...............
Department of Agriculture:
Office of the Secretary.......... —.
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f .____________
Office of the Solicitor.................
Office of Information.................
L ibm y.......................................
Office of Experiment Stations.-
Special research fund................
Extension Service......................
Weather Bureau..................... ..
Bureau of Animal Industry___
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f .........................
Bureau of Dairy Industry—— .
Bureau ot Plant Industry....... .
Forest Service*........... ..............
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f .........................
Bureau of Chemistry and Soils.
1 For trust fund expenditures, see p
1,000
d o lla r s
3,558
37,550
1,0 2 8
4,722
1,275
10,995 I
305,711
52]
372
41,288
88
| 42,975
028
87,927
1,185
6,604
so, m
768
1 3 6 5
416, 721
29
“1 556,610
551,488
6 ,1 2 8
68
2 ,2 3 2 , 848
392
*577
9 7 ,4 1 3
22,166
107,094
175
74,244
500
4 ,2 8 0 ,6 3 8
1 ,5 3 9 ,8 5 3
2 ,6 9 0 ,7 8 6
810
A, 185
217
1*258
100
6 ,7 6 4
1 ,3 6 9
1 8 ,6 9 0
4 ,0 2 4
1 0 ,6 6 7
1
680
4 ,7 5 8
2 4 ,3 7 6
7 ,4 8 5
1 ,3 8 7
GENERAL AND SrEClAL ACCOUNTS— COB.
Department of Agriculture—Continued.
Bureau of Entomology and Plant
Quarantine.................................
R e c o v e r y and r e l i e f ........................................ .
Bureau of Biological Survey.............
R e c o v e r y and r e l i e f .____ - ............................ .
Bureau of Agricultural Economics—
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f............... .........................
Bureau of Agricultural Engineering..
R e c o v e r y a n d r e lie f..........................................
Bureau of Home Economics..........
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f.......... - ............................
Enforcement of the Commodity Exchange
Act.... ............................
Food and Drug Administration1......
Soil Conservation Service.................
R e c o v e r y «.?id r e l i e f . ..........................................
Miscellaneous *................-............—
Recow a n d r e l i e f . .........................................
Total, Agriculture, departmental *—
General..................................-
R e c o v e r y a n d relief.....................
Public highways, including forest
roads and trails, grade-crossing
elimination, etc...........................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f ..........................................
Farm Security Administration*.........
R e c o v e r y a n d r e lie f..........................................
Farm Tenant and Rehabilitation Act-
Agricultural Adjustment program:
Salaries and general expenses,.........
Advances to Agricultural Adjustment
Administration—- .........
Administration of the Sugar Act of
1937.............................................
Exportation and domestic consumption
of agricultural commodities
Agricultural contract adjustments..
Elimination of diseased cattle__
Retirement of cotton pool participation
trust certificates__ -..........
E m e r g e n c y relie f, rec. a n d r e l i e f. . . . . . .
Soil Conservation and Domestic
Allotment Act.........................
Federal Crop Insurance Act.......... .
Administration of Price Adjustment
Act of 1938.............................
M is c e lla n e o u s , reco v e r y a n d r e l i e f .___
Total, Agricultural Adjustment
program*.............................
General.................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e lie f_______ ________
R e f u n d s of r e c e ip ts ..
T o ta l, D e p a r tm e n t o f A g r ic u ltu r e * .
G e n e ra l.................................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e lie f________ ________
D e p a r t m e n t of C o m m e rc e :
O ffice of t h e S e c r e ta r y .....................................
B u r e a u of A ir C o m m e rc e ..............................
R ecovery a n d r e l i e f .........................................
B u r e a u of F o re ig n a n d D o m e s tic C o m ­
m e r c e ................................ ...............................
B u r e a u o f C e n s u s ............................................. .
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f ........................................
B u r e a u of M a r in e I n s p e c tio n a n d
N a v ig a tio n ..................................................
N a tio n a l B u r e a u o f S ta n d a r d s .................
B u r e a u of L ig h th o u s e s ..................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f .......................................
C o a s t a n d G e o d e tic S u r v e y .......................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f .......................................
B u r e a u o f F is h e rie s .........................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e lie f........................................
P a t e n t O ffice..................................... . . .
1,000
d o l l a r s
8 ,9 1 5
7 ,6 3 7
2 ,8 3 5
2 ,0 9 6
6 ,3 2 4
145
492
19
296
587
620
2 ,2 3 5
2 2 ,8 4 6
1 1 ,4 7 7
1 ,0 3 6
1 ,5 9 7
160,739
127,6 1 2
3 3 ,1 2 8
175,7 3 1
34, U 8
5
1 8 1 ,2 1 8
2 7 ,4 0 5
1 ,5 0 8
2108
6 1 ,9 3 0
2 1 0 ,5 7 9
418
2 ,7 3 0
1 ,2 3 8
111
4 7 6 ,8 5 1
8 ,4 0 1
2 3 ,1 6 7
24
7 8 6 ,8 2 2
7 8 6 ,7 1 5
107
1, 366, 067
1 ,1 1 7 ,4 6 6
2 4 8 ,6 9 0
1 ,4 7 4
2,000
3 7
3 ,0 9 4
* 2 ,0 0 5
2 ,6 3 6
2 ,0 9 0
1 1 ,6 8 9
2 ,3 1 $
2 ,3 1 5
850
2,021
1,405
4 ,7 1 4
_____ ... _ .- .1 7 5 . 1 E x c e s s o f c r e d i t s , d e d u c t.
* F o r a d d i t i o n a l e x p e n d i tu r e s s e e u n d e r T r e a s u r y D e p a r t m e n t a n d D e p a r t m e n t s o f C o m m e r c e a n d
L a b o r ; t o t a l e x p e n d itu r e s u n d e r S o c ia l S e c u r ity A c t, $871,638,000 ( a d m in is tr a tiv e , $20,396,000: g r a n t s to
S ta te s , $321,985,000; o ld -a g e r e s e rv e a c c o u n t.- $529,257,000).
8 E x c l u s i v e of e x p e n d i tu r e s u n d e r t h e S o c ia l S e c u r it y A c t s t a t e d o n p . 173.

EXPENDITURES— NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 1 7 3
N o . 179.— E x p e n d i t u r e s o f t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e r n m e n t, b y O b j e c t a n d
A c c o u n t s : F i s c a l Y e a r 1939—Continued
OBJECT OF EXPENDITURE
A m o u n t
o b je c t o f e x p e n d it u r e
A m o u n t
GENERAL AND SPECIAL ACCOUNTS—con.
Department of Commerce—Continued.
Miscellaneous................................... ....
Total, Commerce, departmental1_ _
General...........-...........................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . ................................
Social Security A ct0............................
Total, Department of Commerce l ~
General-.......................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f .................................
Department of the Interior:
Office of the Secretary 1.........................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . . . - ..................................
Bonneville project...................... -..........
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .........................................
N at. Bituminous Coal Coznmission..-
Oeneral Land Office1...........................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .........................................
Geological Survey..................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .........................................
Bureau of Minos..................-................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .........................................
National Park Service1— .................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . . . ....................................
Office of Education-...............................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .........................................
Government in the Territories 1...........
. R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f ............................................
P u e r t o R i c o R e c o n s t r u c t i o n A d m i n i s -
t r a t i m , r e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f .......................
B e n e f ic ia r ie s ....................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f............ ...............................
Miscellaneous.........................................
Indian Affairs:1
Salaries and general expenses............
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .......... .........................
Education............................................
General support and administration
1.................................................
Miscellaneous expenses......................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f.......................................
Interest on Indian tribal funds.........
Total, Interior, departmental i____
G eneral........................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f..................................
Bureau of Reclamation (projects) 1___
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .........................................
United States Housing Authority........
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f ............................................
Total, Department of the Interior
General-......................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f ........ ................ .........
Department of Justice:
Office of the Attorney General:1
Salaries and expenses-.......................
Bureau of Prisons............ -........ ........
Federal Bureau of Investigation:___
Veterans’ Insurance Litigation.........
Miscellaneous......................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . ...................... ..............
T he Judiciary:
Salaries and expenses, U. S. Supreme
Court..............................................
Salaries and expenses of judges.........
U. S. Court of Customs and Patent
Appeals.............................................
U nited States Customs Court...........
Court of Claims..................................
Territorial courts................-.............
Expenses, etc., U. S. courts...............
Miscellaneous......................................
Private relief acts...............................
Special deposit accounts L --.........
1,000
d o l l a r s
17
38,7 8 1
3 4 ,0 5 0
4 ,7 8 5
84
3 8 ,8 0 8
3 4 ,1 4 1
4 , 7 2 5
3 ,1 0 4
6 8 5
1,688
8 ,3 6 1
3 ,4 1 5
5 ,1 4 2
1 8
3 ,1 2 1
2 ,0 0 5
2 ,8 5 6
9 9
2 1 ,3 4 8
2 0 ,4 6 2
27,154
5 7 7
4 ,3 0 9
9 5 6
1 8 ,2 8 0
2,323
501
194
1 ,9 4 0
68
10,0 7 2
2 ,7 1 9
2 8 ,1 3 3
8 ,6 5 1
377
50,2 2 0
2 8 ,9 6 8
3 ,4 8 8
4 , m
261,0 7 6
171,611
7 9 ,4 6 5
3 ,3 9 4
242
6 ,6 2 9
488
1 ,2 0 7
522
2 ,7 1 7
110
244
230
104
14,781
119
63
a211
GENERAL AND SPECIAL ACCOUNTS—corf.
D e p a r t m e n t o f J u s t ic e — C o n tin u e d .
P e n a l a n d c o r r e c tio n a l i n s titu t i o n s L .
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . ....................................-
T o ta l, D e p a r t m e n t o f J u s tic e 1
G e n e r a l..........................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f ...................
D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r :
O ffice o f th e S e c r e t a r y ...................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . ................ -
W a g e a n d H o u r D i v i s io n ............................
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s .........................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . ..............................
I m m i g r a t i o n a n d N a tu r a l i z a t i o n S e r v ­
ic e 1............ ......................................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f ........................................
C h ild r e n ’s B u r e a u ...........................................
W o m e n ’s B u r e a u .............................................
U , S . E m p l o y m e n t S e r v i c e 1.................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . ......................................
M is c e lla n e o u s 1.................................. - ............-
T o ta l, L a b o r , d e p a r t m e n t a l 1.............
G e n e r a l .................................... - ..............-
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . . . . .................... -
S o c ia l S e c u r it y A c t : 0
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e e x p e n s e s ......................
G r a n t s to S t a t e s ............................................
T o ta l, L a b o r D e p a r t m e n t 1
G e n e r a l- .................................
R ecovery a n d r e l i e f............
N a v y D e p a r t m e n t ( n a tio n a l d e f e n s e )
S a la rie s , N a v y D e p a r t m e n t — ...............
C o n ti n g e n t e x p e n s e s , e t c ...............................
O ffice o f t h e S e c r e t a r y l . . . . ........................
B u r e a u of N a v i g a t i o n 1...................................
N a v a l A c a d e m y ..................................................
B u r e a u o f E n g i n e e r i n g ....................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .......................................
B u r e a u o f C o n s tr u c t i o n a n d R e p a i r . . -
B u r e a u o f O r d n a n c e .........................................
B u r o a u of S u p p lie s a n d A c c o u n ts :
F u e l a n d t r a n s p o r t a t i o n ........................
M a i n t e n a n c e .....................................................
N a v a l s u p p l y a c c o u n t h i n d ............. - - ■
P a y , s u b s tis te n c e , a n d t r a n s p o r ta -
tio n , N a v y .......... - ......................... - ...........
C lo th in g a n d s m a ll- s to r e s f u n d ..........
N a v a l w o r k in g f u n d ................................... •
O t h e r ite m s 1...................................................
B u r e a u o f M e d ic in e a n d S u r g e r y 1-------
B u r e a u o f Y a r d s a n d D o c k s .....................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f ............................... —
B u r e a u o f A e r o n a u t i c s ..................................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .......................................
M a r in e C o rp s :
P a y ..................................................... ...................
G e n e r a l e x p e n s e s a n d o t h e r i te m s L -
R e p la c e m e n t o f n a v a l v e s s e ls .....................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f ..........................................
G e n e ra l a c c o u n t o f a d v a n c e s ..................
P r i v a t e r e lie f a c t s ...............................................
M is c e lla n e o u s ....................................— - . .
T o ta l, N a v y D e p a r t m e n t ( n a tio n a l
d e f e n s e ) L ...............- ..........................
G e n e r a l.........................
R e c o v e r y a n d r e l i e f . .
P o s t O ffice D e p a r t m e n t :
P r i v a t e re lie f a c t s .........................................
D e fic ie n c ie s in t h e p o s ta l r e v e n u e s -
M is c e lla n e o u s e x p e n s e s ............................
1 F o r t r u s t f u n d e x p e n d i tu r e s , s e e p . 175.
3 E x c e s s o f c r e d i t s , d e d u c t .
* E x c l u s i v e o f e x p e n d i tu r e s u n d e r S o c ia l S e c u r i t y A c t s t a t e d b e l o w .
* F o r t o t a l e x p e n d i t u r e s u n d e r t h e S o c ia l S e c u r it y A o t, s e e n o t e 4, p . 172.
7 E x c l u s i v e o f P o s t a l S e r v ic e p a y a b l e f r o m p o s t a l r e v e n u e s .
T o ta l, P o s t O ffic e D e p a r t m e n t 1 L —
1,000
d o lla r s
13,128
6 ,1 1 7
49, 885
43, 764
6, m
2, 224
8
1 ,0 4 4
816
9 6 8
9 ,7 8 1
5 S
5 394
145
4 ,3 9 5
1,241
43
21, 062
1 8 ,8 4 2
2,210
317
8, 290
29, 658
27, 449
2 ,8 1 0
4 ,0 5 5
763
1, 720
11, 668
2 ,0 1 7
24,430
4 6
2 1 ,9 2 6
2 7 ,4 4 5
9 ,8 7 0
10,039
a 5,08*
1 9 9 ,4 4 6
1 ,4 4 6
* 1 , 2 5 9
2 ,0 9 4
2, 504
2 2 ,1 2 5
35, 5 4 9
4 7 ,6 0 6
22
1 8 ,7 3 4
8 ,6 4 0
219,5 7 7
3 ,9 8 3
* S 7 2
224
70
669,153
629,553
39,601
33
41,237
* 8 9 1
40, a

174 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 179.— E x p e n d i t u r e s o p t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e r n m e n t, b y O b j e c t a n d
A c c o u n ts : F i s c a l Y e a r 1939—Continued
OBJECT OF EXPENDITURE
g e n e r a l a n d s p e c ia l a c c o u n t s — con.
Department of State:
Foreign intercourse11................. ..........
Amount
1,000
dollars
2,703
16,543
145
140
19,638
19, 3S6
14S
Transfer to trust account:
Foreign service retirement fund 1__ 188
Treasury D epar tment:
Division of Research and Statistics—
Office of Chief Clerk and Superintend-
Oustody ot departmontnl buildings—
Offico of Com. of Acots. and Deposits i.
Office o£ the Treasurer of United States.
Office of Comptrolfer of tho Currency..
Bureau of Engraving and Printing___
To promote the education of tho blind.
Procurement Division:
Repairs, equipment, operating expenses,
etc., public buildings.........
19,719
19,574
145
219
1,516
169
129
405
665
1,693
3,005
10,054
6,820
20,533
2G9
1,503
694
248
58,531
445
1,242
24,941
6,737
9,731
1,010
888
* 16,399
1,971
2,421
115
132
132
2,208
1,028
• I t 8
6 ,m
5,715
u
Total, Treasury, departmental1__ 188,708
158,583
87,818
Refunds of receipts:
15,868
Processing tax on farm products__
Procurement Division, public building
construction and sites, etc............
Federal land banks, recovery and relief:
Subscriptions to paid-in surplus (re-
38,060
12,288
7,085
45,007
6.S9S
161
11 591
Payments to Federal land banks, reductions
in interest rate on morts
o , 640
Payments to Fed. Farm Mortgage
Corp,x reduction in interest rate on
mortgages, recovery and relief............ 7,819
Total, Treasury Departmentl .
General................................
Recovery and relief__..........
882,497
278,691
88,807
OBJECT OF EXPENDITURE
GENERAL AND SPECIAL ACCOUNTS— COn.
Transfers to trust account:
Old-age reserve appropriated account,
Social Security Act______ _______
War Department:
National defense:
Salaries, War Department.................
Contingent expenses..........................
Office of Secretary of W ar..................
Recovery and relief............................
Genera! Staff Corps............................
Recovery and relief....... -............—
Army War College.............................
Adjutant General’s Department.....
Finance Department:
Pay of the Army....... ......................
Finance Service...............................
Judgments.......................................
Other items..............-.....................
Quartermaster Corps:
Army transportation........— -----
Barracks and quarters and other
buildings and utilities-------------
Clothing and equipage. -................
Construction ofbuildings, etc., at
military posts................-..........
Recovery and relief........................
National Industrial Recovery, recowry
and relief. — ...............-
Construction and repair of hospitals...............................................
Incidental expenses of the A rm y...
Regular supplies of the Army.........
Subsistence of the Army................
.Emergency relief appropriations,
recovery and relief..........................
Other items.....................................
Signal Corps................................... .
Recovery and relie/............................
Air Corps.......................................... -
Medical Department.........................
Corps of Engineers.............................
Ordnance Department.......................
Recovery and relief..........-...............
Chemical Warfare Service.................
Chief of Infantry..............-................
Seacoast defenses...............................
Recovery and relief...........................
Military Academy.............................
National Guard Bureau....................
Organized Reserves...........................
Citizens’ military training.................
National Board for Promotion of
Rifle Practice-... ....... .................
Army account of advances................
Accounting funds.
Miscellaneous__
Total, national defense ............
General......................................
Recovery and relief.......................
Nonmilitary activities:
Quartermaster Corps, miscellaneous.
Recovery and relief...........................
Signal Corps......................................
Bureau of Insular Affairs...................
Recovery and relief..........................
War claims and relief acts.................
Total, nonmilitary activities l.
General..............................
Recovery and relief.............
Rivers and harbors *..............
Recovery and relief...............
Total, War Department1 *
General........................
Recovery and relief........
/For trust fund expenditures, see p. 175. *Excess of credits, deduct.
: Exclusive of expenditures under the Social Security Act stated below.
6 For total expenditures under the Social Security Act, see note 4, p. 172.
6 Exclusive of refunds of receipts. 9 Exclusive of Panama Canal.
Amount
1,000
dollars
503,000
4,785
740
74
m
386
25
74
75
164, 226
1,163
238
2,903
12,228
13,284
.14,509
8,707
u , m
580
494
3, 602
3,130
29,098
86,174
1,490
6,335
*1
83,165
1,397
840
28,925
1,324
82
7,386
2 69
3,184
43,019
9,941
6,517
598
«9,054
161
94
406, 137
445,123
51,014
2,021
8
179
449
18
209
2,873
2,858
15
ISO, 182
11, 648
696, 835
634, 164
68,671

EXPENDITURES— NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 1 7 5
N o, 1 7 9 . — E x p e n d i t u r e s o f th is N a t i o n a l G o v e r n m e n t, b y O b j e c t a n d
A c c o u n t s : F i s c a l Y e a r 1939—Continued
OBJECT OP EX PEN D ITU RE Amount OBJECT OF EXPENDITURE Amount
GENERAL AND SPECIAL ACCOUNTS— Con,
Panama Canal_____________________
District of Columbia1___ ___________
Interest on tlie public debt___________
Public-debt retirements:
Sinking fund................. .......................
Received from foreign governments
undeT debt settlements....................
Estate taxes, forfeitures, gifts, etc___
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
funds, recovery and relief:^
Disaster Loan Corporation stock______
Revolving f unds (net), agricultural aid..
Fed. Emergency Relief Adm_________
Total classified expenditures,
checks-issued basis.................
General.........................................
Recovery and relief____________
1,000
dollars
10, 202
5,24fi
940,958
48,515
120
9,609
8,000
2 5, 508
19
9,297,321
6,076, 571
•5, m0,750
Adjustment between chocks and cash.. J $8,918
Unclassified items, cash basis......................... 2
Total cash expenditures, general
and special accounts...............
General____ ___ _____________
Recovery and relief____________
TRUST AND RELATED ACCOUNTS
Legislative................................................
Library of Congress...............................
Government Printing Office________
Independent offices_____ ___________
Board of Tax Appeals______________
Civil Aeronautics Authority________
Civil Service Commission__________
Civilian Conservation Corps................
Employees’ Compensation Comn........
Farm Credit Administration,...............
Federal Communications Cornn_____
Fed. Emergency Adm. of Public
Works, administrative expenses____
Federal emergency housing_________
Federal Home Loan Bank Board____
Federal Housing Administration____
Federal Power Commission___ _____
General Accounting Office....................
Nat. Adv. Com. of Aeronautics...........
National Labor Relations Board____
Railroad Retirement Board_________
Rural Electrification Adm_________
Securities and Exchange Comn______
Social Security Board______________
U. S. Maritime Commission________
U. S. Shipping Board Bureau_______
Veterans’ Administration__________
Miscellaneous....................................
Adjusted service certificate fund___
Government life insurance fund___
Welfare and Recreational Association
of Public Buildings and Grounds___
Works Progress Administration_____
Miscellaneous commissions, boards,
etc_______ ____________________
Department of Agriculture.......................
Forest Service................................. ......
Food and Drug Administration_____
Special deposit accounts.___________
Miscellaneous................„............. ..........
Farm Security Administration______
Agricultural Adjustment program.......
Departm ent of Commerce.......................
Department of the Intorior___ _______
Office of the Secretary_____ ________
General Land O ffice...___ ________
National Park Service_____________
9,208, 338
6.071,197
8,197,141
762
193
569
156,689
6
25S
58, 576
2,949
21
2,180
S
3
395
2
44
>1
*5
1
*1
*628
289
37
45
2 3,418
94,705
2,430
1,085
91,191
2,742
21,014
14
2,446
963
2
*1,180
130
2,471
16
228
6,079
3
112
348
TRUST AND RELATED ACCOUNTS—COn.
Department of the Interior—Con. ;
Government in the. Territories....... ....
Beneficiaries.........................................
Special deposit accounts............... ......
Indian Aflairs:
General support and administration.
Tribal funds................. ...... ..............
Special deposit accounts...................
Bureau of Reclamation (projects)........
Department of Justice............................
Alien Property Custodian__________
Judicial, fees and other collections,
clerk of U. S. Circuit Court of Appeals.......
.......................... ................
Judicial, special deposit accounts____
Penal and correctional institutions___
Department of Labor.............................
Immigration and Naturalization
Service...... .............. .........................
U. S. Employment Service..................
Miscellaneous....................... ...............
Navy Department (national defense).__
Office of the Secretary..........................
Bureau of Navigation.........................
Bureau of Supplies and Accounts........
Bureau of Medicine and Surgery____
Marine Corps.............................. ........
Special deposit accounts___________
Post Office Department.........................
Department of State................................
Foreign intercourse........... ..................
Special deposit accounts____ _______
Foreign service retirement fund..........
Treasury Department_______ _______
Office of Oom. of Accts. and Deposits.
Bureau of Customs.............................
Bureau of Internal Rovenuo..............
Public Health Service_____________
Miscellaneous_________ __________
War Departm ent..................................
National defense_________________
Nonmilitary activities.........................
Rivers and harbors_______________
District of Columbia_________ _____
Chargeable against increment on gold...
Unemployment trust fund......................
Additional loan fund. Public Works Administration,
act of 1938...............................
Old-age reserve account, Social Security
Act..................................... —
Transfers to trust accounts:
Old-age reserve account.......................
Railroad retirement account. --------
Government employees’ rotiroment
funds (IT. S. share):
Civil service retirement fund (including
District of Columbia
share)_____________________
Canal Zone retirement fund...............
Alaska Railroad retirement fund—
Foreign service retirement fund-----
Total classified items, checksissued
basis.................................
Adjustment between checks and cash...
Unclassified items, cash basis.......... —
Transactions in checking accounts of
governmental agencies (net)........ ........
Total trusty and related accounts,
oash basis__________________
Total expenditures, cash basis.......
General and special accounts-----
Trust and related accounts.........
1 For trust fund expenditures, see “Trust and related accounts.” 3 Excess of credits, deduct.
lfl On basis of daily Treasury statements beginning July 1,1938.
Source: Treasury Department, Annual Report of the Secretary.
1,000
dollars
146
163
H05
6,257
*■1,141
527
211,978
316,504
3,271
401
860
266
84
171
10
2,279
35
1,502
155
31
4
3,009
3,520
2840
329
35, 263
1L 477
44
21,039
55
15, 602
5,329
19
2, 445
2,865
47,324
5. 500
840,203
21, 041
26, 257
503,000
107,094
76,087
500
175
188
1, 803, 813
* 2,478
3768,886
1,033,078
10,301,414
9, 268,338
1,033,076

1 7 6 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 180.—R e c e i p t s op t h e N a t i o n a l G o v e e n m e n t, b y S o u r c e s a n d
A c c o u n t s : F i s c a l Y e a r 1939
N o t e .—Data are on basis of warrants issued. See general note, p. 166
SOURCE AND ACCOUNT
Amount
SOURCE AND ACCOUNT
Amount
REVENUE RECEIPTS
1,000
General and special accounts:
dollars
Internal revenue......... .............-........... 6,182,406
Income tax.......................................... 2,151,376
Taxes under Social Security A ct___ 630,445
Other taxes............................. 2,380.646
Customs________________________ 319,034
Miscellaneous taxes_________, _____ 3,657
Tonnage tax_............................... ...... 1, Q86
Immigration head, tax........................ 1,135
Federal intermediate credit banks
Iranchisetax.................................... 700
Other................................................... 76
Interest, exchange, and dividends___ 28,713
Interest on bonds of foreign governments
under funding agreements.. 424
Interest on obligations of E. F. 0 . . . 12,088
Interest on loans to States, municipalities,
etc., P. W. A .................... 077
Interest on advances to Colorado
Elver Bam fund, Boulder Canyon
project............................................. 3,700
Interest collections of Farm Security
Administration.................. . 738
Miscellaneous interest...................... •_ 908
Dividends, Federalhomoloan banks. 1,840
Dividends on shares of Federal
savings and loan associations....... . 1,689
Earnings from payments to Federal
Reservo banks for industrial loans. 110
Military and naval insurance >....... . 719
Other.................................................. 116
Fines and penalties___-___________ 8,670
Judicial.............................................. 983
Customs Service.............. -................ 1,277
Liquidated damages.......................... 101
Navigation..................................... . 158
Penalties, cotton and tobacco marketing
quotas, Agricultural Adjustment
Act of 1938................ ......
Other........._............................. .........
1,015
135
15,343
215
1,492
3,966
304
104
118
183
1,009
1, 551
207
4, 527
551
475
610
1,432
652
045
123
62
0, 817
4,036
509
1,068
Fees................. _..........................
Agricultural Commodities Act........
Clerks, United States courts............
Consular and passport.....................
Copyright.........................................
Immigration (registry earned).........
Indian lands and timber..................
Marshals, United States courts.......
Migratory-bird hunting stamps___
Naturalization (earned)................
Navigation.........................................
Patent (earned).................................
Purchase of Army discharges...........
Registration, securities and exchanges............................................
O ther................................................
Forfeitures_______________________
Bonds ot aliens, contractors, etc.......
C uat oms Service................................
Unclaimed moneys and wages remaining
in registry of courts..........
Other...................................................
Assessments____;_________________
Colorado River Dam fund, Boulder
Canyon project...............................
On Federal and joint-stock land
bank3 and Federal intermediate
credit banks *..................................
On Federal home loan banks and receipts
from othor sources A ..........
On banks for reimbursement to the
General Fund for expenses of conservatorships......................
. . . . 1,025
Immigration, overtime service.......... 130
Other.......................................................... 48
revenue receipts—continued
General and special accounts—Con.
Reimbursements.....................................
Collections under Grain and Cotton
Standards Act-.............................. -
Administrative costs, Federal Power
Act................................................
By District of Columbia for advances
for acquisition oflands.......
Maintenance of District of Columbia
inmates in Federal penal and
correctional institutions------------ -
By contractors for excess cost over
contract price..................................
Inspection of food Bnd farm products
Government property lost or damaged.................................................
Hospitalization charges and expensos.
Expenses of international service of
icc observation and patrol............
Maintenance, operation, and irrigation
charges, irrigation systems,
Indian Service................................
Of appropriations for Indian tribes..
Reclamation fund, collections.........
Reimbursement to U. S. by Japanese
Govt, on account of sinking of
U. S. S. Panay.................................
Revenues, power systems, Flathead
Reservation, Mont..........................
Other..................................................
Gifts and contributions_______ —
Sales of Govt, property (products)........
Scrap and salvaged materials, condemned
stores, waste paper, otc.--
Agriculturai, livestock, and dairy.
products and livestock....................
Card indexes, Library of Congress.-
Electric current.........................-........
Public documents, charts, maps, etc.
Seal and fox skins and furs.................
Subsistence (meals, rations, etc.) —
Other.................................................
Sales of services____________ —
Alaska Railroad fund receipts...........
Laundry and dry cleaning.................
Quarantine charges (including fumigation,
inspection, etc., of vessels).
Storage and. othor charges.............
Telephone, telegraph, and radio...
Tolls and profits, Panama Canal.
Other..................................................
Rents and royalties___ ____________
Rent of public buildings, grounds,
etc....................................................
Rent of land.....................................
Receipts under Mineral Leasing
acts...................................................
Royalties on oil, gas, etc.....................
Rentals from property under foreclosure
proceedings..........................
Other....................................-...........
Permits, privileges, and licenses_____
Alaska fund.........................................
Business concessions..........................
Immigration reentry permits............
Licenses under Federal Water Rower
Act...................................................
Permits to enter national parks___
Range improvements.........................
Receipts from public lands under
Grazing Act, 1934............................
Other..................................................
*Repayments to appropriations, representing cash receipts.credited to appropriations.
; For expenses of examination, Farm Credit Administration.
8 For salaries and expenses, Federal Home Loan Bank Board.
1,000
dollars
10,093
257
300
180
185
334
1, 041
183
194
494
144
4, 960
500
142
706
33
3, 840
1,649
117
265
233
591
195
102
687
29, 341
2,512
1, 270
191
131
415
24, 475
348
7, 854
232
447
5, 744
1,169
124
137
2, 970
282
188
144
320
1, 222
260
527
34

RECEIPTS— NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 1 7 7
No. 180.— R e c e i p t s o f t h e N a t i o n a l ' G o v e r n m e n t, ' b y S o u r c e s a n d
A c c o u n t s : F i s c a l Y e a r 1939—Continued
SOURCE AND ACCOUNT Amount SOURCE AND ACCOUNT Amount
1,000 NONREVENUE HECEII’TS“ COUtinued
dollars Trust accounts—Continuod,
1,000
26,037 Deposits, unearned proceeds, lands, dollars
etc., General Land Office................... HS?
5,955 Deposits to Indian tribes, judgment
23,083 fund.................................................... 10,502
4,906 Deposits to sundry accounts, compensation
4-percont fund.......................... 254
330
153 Indian moneys:
5,624,745 Proceeds of labor, agencies, etc......... 1,878
Sales and leases oi Indian lands, etc.. 3,577
Deposits, leases, etc., Annette Islands
Reserve, Alaska.................................. 103
40,931 Contributions for roads, etc., Alaska.. 285
1,852 Contributions to reclamation fund____
Deposits of commissary funds, Federal
prisons.......................................... 306
204
Deposits of funds of Federal prisoners. - 578
1,079 Deposits of collection, U. S. marshals
and clerks of U. S. courts................... 2,707
110 Doposits, unearned naturalization foes,
130 Department of Labor......................... 315
33,249 Funds advanced to XT. S. Employment
Service by District Unemployment
Compensation Board....... 184
103
Naval fines and forfeitures................... 287
Naval hospital fund...................
1,317
197 Profit from sale of ships’ stores, N av y .. 804
Pay of the Navy, deposit fund............. 181
Pay of the Marine Corps, deposit fund. 170
8,811 Doposits, unearned passport and application
fees, Department of State.- * m
190
248 Settlement of claims between the
2,044 United States and Mexico...............— 534
Settlement of claims between tho
290 United States and Turkey................. 100
1,003 Deposit of Chinese indemnity in settlement
of claims growing out of
120 bombing of S. S. President Hoover... 205
Internal revonue and customs duties,
406 Philippine Islands_____ _________ 10,486
161 Pay of the Army, deposit fund......... 1,680
64 Soldiers* Homo permanent fund........... 000
For river and harbor improvements 6_. 937
Contributions for flood control______ 1,253
43,223 Miscellaneous.....................-................... 822
District of Columbia receipts *........ .......... 62,192
222,011 Total nonrevenue receipts, trust accounts...............................................
274,203
120 Total nonrevenue reoeipts_________ 317,426
668
58,410 Total revenue and nonrevenue receipts,
warrants basis.................. 5,942,171
331
94j 889 General and special accounts_____ 5,007,008
Trust accounts....... .....................— 274,203
324 Increment resulting from reduction in
tho weight of the gold dollar_________
R E V E N U E RECEIPTS—continued
General and special accounts—Con.
Mint receipts.....................................
Profits on coinage, bullion deposits,
etc...............................................
Seigniorage......................................
Forest reserve fund.............................
Deposits, postal funds, Canal Zone___
U, S. share, Dist. of Col. receipts.........
Total revenue receipts_________
N O N R E V E N U E RECEIPTS
General and special accounts:
Repayment of investments........... .....
Collections of loans, IT. H. A............
Principal on securities received from
Reconstruction Finance Corp......
Repayment of loans to States, municipalities,
etc., P. W. A............
Repayment of emergency crop loans,
Farm Credit Administration____
Repayment of loans, R. E. A_____
Repaymentofloans, F. S. A...........
Sale of chattels, Farm Security Administration
(emergency relief)__
Repayment of farm loans and receipts
from submarginal land program,
Farm Tenant A ct.............
Repayment of subscriptions to preferred
shares, Federal savings and
loan associations........ -................
Other.,...........................................
Sales of public lands..........................
Sales of Government property..............
Capital equipment (trucks, horses,
cars, machinery, furniture, etc.)---
Land and buildings........................
Rands, etc., on account of militarypost
construction fund.................
Oregon and California land-grant
fund............................................
"War supplies and ordnance material
Other.........................................
Total nonrevenue receipts, general
and special accounts.......... .......
Trust accounts, exclusive of District of
Columbia.______ ____________
Alaska Railroad retirement and disability
fund............................ .......
Canal Zone retirement fund________
Civil-service retirement fund_______
Foreign Service retirement fund.........
Government life-insurance fund.........
Library of Congress, gift fund and
trust fund.... ..................................
deposits, unearned proceeds of sale of
publications, Supt. of Documents,
Government Printing Oince______
O. C. 0., deposit fund.......................
Loan by U. S. Housing Authority for
low-rent housing fund, Dist. of Col.
Alley Dwelling Authority..............
Deposits, unearned fees, S. E. O.........
Deposits, general post funds, national
homes, Veterans7Administration__
Deposits, funds of patients and Incompetent
beneficiaries, Vet. Adm......
Adjusted service certificate fund interest
on investments and loans...........
Receipts, Welfare and Recreational
Assfn of Pub. Bldgs, and Grounds..
Deposits of miscellaneous contributed
funds, Department of Agriculfcuro--.
Doposits, rural rehabilitation, F. S. A.
Proceeds from sale of hides (Federal
Surplus Commodities Corporation)..
Forest Service cooperative work____
Personal funds and pension money of
patients, St. Elizabeths Hospital__
624
4,006
610
110
105
% 323
1,020
2,814
125
5,245
263
944
230
Seigniorage7................
_
Old-age reserve account (interest on
investments)................ — ............. ........
Railroad retirement account (Interest
on investments)......................................
Moneys received but not covered by
warrants___________ ____ ________
Transfers from General Fund:
Civil-service retirement fund (U. S.
and Dist. of Col. share).....................
Old-age reserve account.........................
Railroad retirement account.......... .......
Othor retirement funds (U. S. share)—
Unemployment trust fund........................
Total receipts.........1.......................
Adjustment to basis of daily Treasury
statements.............................................
Total receipts, basis of daily Treasury
statements (unrevised)___
General and special accounts—
Trust and related aocounts.........
482
90,267
26,951
2,202
15
75,087
503,000
107,004
803
830,046
7, 685,077
+100
7, 585,186
5,007,824
1,017,362
< D ebit item , deduot. 5 Contributions and advances.
9 D istrict of Columbia share; for United States share see last item under “ Revenue receipts.”
7 Resulting from issuance of silver certificates against silver acquired under Silver Purchase Act of 1034.
Source: Treasury Department, Annual Report of the Secretary.

1 7 8 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 181.— I n t e r n a l R e v e n u e R e c e i p t s , b y C h i e f Tax S o u r c e s : 1863 t o 1940
N ote.—All figures in thousands of dollars. The figures represent collections by internal revenue officers
throughout the country, including deposits by postmasters of amounts received from sale of internal revenue
stamps and deposits of Internal revenue collected through customs offices, and, therefore, differ
from those in tables 170 to 178 and 180 which represent the deposits of these collections in the Tronsury or
depositories during the fiscal year concerned, there being thus an overlapping of time. Certain items,
included in the totals In the last column, are shown in detail in the second part of the table
Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E O R
Y E A R E N D E D
J U N E 3 0 —
Total
Spirits
and
wines 1
Fernentod
malt
iquors*
Tobacco
raanuact
tiros1
Income
and
profits *
Legacies,
Inheritances,
estates,
etc.
Sales
taxes Docu­
not men­
tary
listed
O ther1
separately
stam ps3
1
1 8 0 3 -1 8 6 5 -------------- 1 2 2 ,0 4 2 1 8 ,0 7 9 2 ,6 5 1 7 ,0 9 7 2 8 ,0 0 5 3 0 5 4 3 ,4 4 4 6 , 9 1 5 1 5 , 9 4 5
1 8 0 6 -1 8 7 0 ................... 2 2 1 ,7 9 7 3 7 ,2 2 9 5 ,9 3 1 2 1 , 9 6 2 6 0 ,6 0 4 2 ,2 7 7 0 3 ,2 8 3 1 4 ,9 3 2 2 5 , 5 8 0
1 8 7 1 -1 8 7 5 ____ _ 1 1 9 ,0 7 1 4 9 ,8 7 7 8 , 0 8 4 3 4 , 4 5 0 7 , 7 6 0 4 2 ,5 0 5 2 ,9 3 1 9 , 7 4 5 0 , 0 2 4
1R7K-1 KflH H O ; 6 8 1 5 5 ,6 1 4 1 0 ,5 1 0 4 0 , 0 0 0 (®)
3 4 1 6 , 2 7 2 3 , 9 4 3
1 8 8 1 -1 8 8 5 ...................
ts f in iftn n
1 3 2 ,0 6 4
1 2 6 ,7 1 1
7 1 ,1 6 3
7 2 ,0 4 5
1 6 ,6 1 4
2 2 ,9 3 1
3 6 ,9 6 4
3 0 ,9 0 1
7 29
7 0
14
4 , 4 3 3
5
2 , 8 0 8
8 1 5
1 8 9 1 -1 8 0 5
isoo-iflnn. .
1 6 0 ,2 6 2 8 6 ,8 9 8 3 0 ,8 4 1 8 0 , 8 0 2 4 77 3 , to 1 , 7 0 3
2 0 0 ,6 2 4 92', 87G 49, 593 4 1 ,9 0 0
7 2 ,0 0 0 1 ,0 7 1 8 2 5 , 2 5 3 4 , 3 0 7
m m m o fi 2 5 5 ,3 1 4 1 2 8 .1 7 8 5 8 ,9 3 0 4 0 ,0 5 0
3, 6 5 2 1 ,0 5 3 : 2 3 , 0 5 0 4 , 2 6 9
iftnn mm 2 0 1 ,3 2 1 1 4 4 ,5 5 7 5 8 ,0 0 9 6 2 ,0 2 0 4 2 0 ,9 6 0 7 90 1 6 7
1 , 7 3 0
1 0 1 1 -1 0 1 6 3 5 6 ,8 5 1
2 ,8 5 5 ,7 6 1
1 5 5 ,8 5 4
226, 2 9 3
0 8 ,0 0 3
93, 3 5 2
7 4 ,8 0 6
1 6 0 ,8 5 3
4 9 , 737
1 ,9 8 4 ,4 7 3
7 3 0 4 2 0 ,4 9 4 3 , 4 9 4
1 9 1 6 -1 0 2 0 ................... « 5 9 ,7 9 9 7 7 ,8 0 0 38,650 217,501
1021-1025 ......... 3,158,075 42,400 17 301,176 2,121,913 126,415 180,135 58,374 322, 540
1920-1930............ 2,804,284 17,482 M 405,614 2,222,033 81,262 55,484 51, £86 60,810
1031-1036______ 2,316,494 02j 513 5139,894 425,988 1,117,807 91,012 194,265 44,840 295,133
101A 512,723 158,682
809,394 192, 111 88,771 88,064 124,037 4,219 38, n o 9,939
1917____ ____ 91,807 103,202 387,382 6,077 775 8,254 19, 095
1018................... 3,608,956 317,554 120,286 150, ISO 2,852, 325 47,453 30,037 21,875 140,639
1919.................... 3,856,150 305,211 117,840 20(1,003 2,600,784 82,030 79,400 43,751 355,131
1920.................... 5,407,580 07,905 41,006 296,809 3,950,936 103,636 207,069 81,259 562,100
1921.................... 4,505,357 82,598 25 255,210 3,228,138 154.043 220,398 69,804 570, 071
1922.................... 3,197,451 46,663 46 270,760 2,086,918 130,410 174,361 55,919 424, 465
1023.................... 2,621,746 30,354 4 300,015 1,601,090 120,705 185,117 61,490 217, 070
1924.................... 2, 796, 170 27,5B0 5 325, 039 1,841,759 102,907 200,922 58,526 238, 781
1925.................... 2, 584,140 05,003 2 346, 247 1,701,659 w 108,040 140,877 46,008 155, 444
1920.................... 2,830,000 20,430 16 370, 060 1,974.104 *®110, 216 150,220 49,801 146, 640
1927.................... 2,865,083 21,195 1 370,170 2,219,652 100,340 66,850 32, 003 48, 572
1028.................... 2, 790,530 15,307 (») 303,450 2,174,573 00,087 61,062 43,818 48, 347
1920.................... 2,030,054 12,777 M 434.445 2.331.274 61,897 5,724 58,798 34,140
1930.................... 3,040,146 11,695 450,330 2,410,269 64,770 2,070 72,909 27,407
i«3i 2,428,220 10,432 444,277 1,800,040 48,078 150 41,960 23,202
wan 1,557,729 8,704 398,570 1,056,757 47,422 96 27,854 18,317
1033......... .......... 1,619,839 8.016 35.158 402,739 740,791 i®34,310 243,010 53,430 95,770
1034 2,672,230 89,952 168,960 425,169 819,056 w 113,138 380,300 62,174 607.885
1935.................. 3,299,430 195,458 215,504 450,170 1,105,791 i®212; 112 342,159 38,782 730,391
1930____ _____ . 3,620,208 256,338 249,126 501,166 1,427,448 *0 378,840 382,733 64,846 250,713
1037.................. . 4,653,105 312,661 281,584 652,254 2,173,708 *®305,548 450,039 06,733 511,008
1038----........... . 5,058,705 294,780 273,192 568,182 2, 022,813 >« 410,874 417,200 42,180 1,023,532
1939 ................. . 5,181,674 324,459 203,841 580,150 2,178,431 >0 360,715 390, 098 36, 942
10-10.................. . 6,340,452 356,477 26V, 776 60S, 618 2,121,073 1®360,071 0447,114 33,807 1,040,530
1,145,665
1910.
1920.
1921.
1022.
1923.
1924.
1025.
1026.
1927.
1028.
1029.
Transportation
and
communication
15
237,840
289,348
301,612
103,790
30,381
34,062
Corporation
capital
stock
28,776
03,020
81, 626
80,612
81,668
87,472
90,003
97, 386
8, 070
8, 089
6, 950
Theater
admissions,
etc.
50,020
76,721
89,731
73,386
70,176
77,713
30,008
23,981
17,041
17, m
0,083
Transportation
and
communication
12
Corporation
capital
stock
1930....... 47
1931........
1032
1933....... 22,032
1034....... 29,630 80,108
1935....... 29,221 91,R08
1036___ 30,892 94,943
1037....... 36,814 137,499
1038___ 36,494 139,349
1030___ 35,048 127,203
1940....... 37,870 132,739
Theater
admissions,
eto.
4,231
2,770
1,860
16,621
14,613
15,370
17,112
19,740
20,801
10,471
21,888
24,457
27,691
29,688
27,470
27, 065
22,744
Coconut,
etc.,
oils,
processed
Payroll
taxes
48
265,745
742, GOO
740,429
833,521
Sugar
Aot of
1937
30,669
65, 414
68,145
1Including special taxes relating to manufacture and sale.
J Including receipts from excise tax on corporations for the years 1010 to 1914; munition manufacturers*
tax for 1917 and 1018; and also excess-profits tax for 1917 to 1023, and 1034 to>1940.
3 Includes proprietary stamps prior to 1896-1900.
4 Some of the major items in this column are sbown in detail in lower part of table.
s Figures for 1 year only. 6 Less than $500. 7 Average for 2 years. 8 Average for 3 years.
• Average for 4 years, i®Includos gift tax. 11 Not including repealed taxes.
19 Transportation, including oil by pipe line, telephone, telegraph, radio, and cable.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Annual Report of the Secretary, Annual
Report of the Com missioner of Internal Revenue, Comparative Statement of Internal Rovonuo Collections
published monthly.

INTERNAL REVENUE COLLECTIONS 179
N o . 1 8 2 .— I nternal R evenue
Receipts, by Tax Sources in D etail:
to 1939 1
N o te.—All figures in thousands of dollars. Data ore for years ended Juno 30. See also headnote, table 181
SO U R C E m s 1930 1937 1 9 3 8 1239
Grand total___________ „__ _______ ________ 9 ,2 9 9 ,4 3 8 1 ,9 2 0 ,2 0 8 1 ,6 5 3 ,1 9 5 5 , 0 6 8 ,7 8 5 6 ,1 8 1 ,5 7 4
Income tax___________ ;________________________ 1 , 0 6 9 ,2 3 0
r> 7 2 ,118
Rectifiers; retail and wholesale liquor dealers;
Brewers; retail and wholesale doalors in malt
Bonds of indebtedness, issuos of capital stock,
Miscellaneous taxes:
1 ,4 1 2 ,9 3 8
7 3 8 ,5 2 2
5 2 7 ,1 1 3 0 7 4 ,4 1 6
6 ,5 6 0 1 4 ,5 0 9
0 1 ,5 0 8 9 4 ,9 4 3
1 4 0 ,4 4 1 2 1 8 ,7 8 1
7 1 ,0 7 1 1G 0 .0 5 0
4 1 1 ,0 2 9 5 0 5 ,4 6 4
1 5 ,1 0 8 1 0 ,5 5 8
1 5 0 ,6 2 6
0 ,3 8 2
6 ,7 8 0
562
Telephone, telegraph, radio, and coble facilities— i § , 741
2 0 2 ,8 7 2
7 ,8 8 1
8 ,0 6 8
1 ,4 1 1
2 ,1 4 8 ,6 0 4
1 ,0 5 6 ,9 2 3
1 ,0 9 1 ,7 4 1
2 5 ,1 0 5
0 ,0 7 3
1 3 7 ,4 9 9
2 8 1 ,6 3 0
2 3 ,9 1 2
6 9 4 ,2 4 6
3 2 ,2 3 7
2 4 1 ,8 1 2
1 1 ,0 3 5
5 ,9 9 1
0 6 0
i , 6 8 6 ,2 4 4
1 ,2 0 9 ,0 3 2
L, 2 8 6 ,3 1 2
3 6 ,5 6 9
6 ,2 1 7
1 3 9 ,3 4 9
3 82) 176
3 4 ,6 9 9
5 6 7 ,0 7 9
2 8 ,2 5 0
2 3 1 ,8 1 6
10, 8 3 4
5 , 8 0 2
1 ,0 5 0
0 ,8 9 9
6 .1 7 9
0 ,0 1 8
8 ,6 0 2
7 ,3 7 6
1 0 ,4 0 1
7 ,1 1 4
9 , 8 1 4
3 ,0 2 2 67 6 6 3 11
2 1 1 ,2 1 5 2 4 4 ,5 8 1 2 7 7 ,4 6 5 2 6 0 ,3 4 8
2 , 1 5 1 ,3 7 5
1 , 1 2 2 ,6 4 1
1 , 0 2 8 ,8 3 4
2 7 ,0 5 6
0 ,6 8 3
1 2 7 , 2 m
3 3 2 ,2 8 0
2 8 ,4 3 6
6 8 7 ,8 0 0
2 5 ,0 1 5
2 5 8 ,5 6 0
1 0 ,6 7 7
6 ,3 9 5
1) 3 5 9
7 ,1 5 2
9 ,8 7 2
5 ,4 2 8
2 5 9 ,7 0 4
4 ,3 4 0
4 9 9 ,1 7 9
1 1 ,6 9 3
4 ,5 4 5
6 0 1 ,1 6 6
1 2 ,2 2 8
4 ,1 2 9
9 9 2 ,2 9 4
1 3 ,2 4 7
3 , 8 4 4
5 6 8 ,1 8 2
1 2 ,7 5 1
3 ,6 3 7
5 8 0 ,1 5 9
1 2 ,7 0 3
144 133 1 4 5 131 120
17 10 1 9 21 10
3 8 5 ,4 6 0 4 2 5 ,4 8 6 4 7 6 ,0 2 7 4 0 3 ,4 3 3 5 0 4 ,0 3 7
6 ,6 1 2 6 ,6 0 3 6 , 6 6 0 6 ,6 7 9 6 ,0 3 2
5 4 ,3 7 2 5 5 ,4 1 3 5 5 ,0 3 8 5 3 ,9 8 2 5 4 ,7 5 7
976 1 ,2 8 2 1 ,1 1 6 1 ,1 8 3 1 ,4 9 4
5 2 2 2 7
4 3 ,1 3 8 6B, 9 9 0 6 9 ,0 1 9 4 6 ,2 3 3 4 1 ,0 8 3
1 7 ,0 3 5 2 8 ,1 6 3 2 8 ,6 5 2 2 0 ,0 8 4 1 0 ,3 8 0
1 8 ,7 4 7 3 3 ,0 5 5 3 1 ,3 6 1 1 8 ,3 5 5 1 7 ,0 6 4
3 ,9 5 1 2 ,9 4 4 5 ,0 0 7 3 , 5 9 9
1 2 4 9
4 ,3 5 1 4 ,1 4 4 4 ,1 8 7 4 ,0 5 3 4 ,1 4 1
1 ,1 4 0 085 0 3 4 ■ 1 4 2 2 6 2
8 4 2 ,2 7 5 8 8 2 ,7 7 8 4 5 0 , 680 4 1 7 ,2 0 0 3 0 6 ,0 8 2
2 7 ,8 0 0 2 7 ,1 0 3 3 1 ,4 6 3 8 1 , 565 30, 4 9 7
1 ,4 2 7 1 ,0 1 0 1 8 2 3 1 4 8 8 1 12
0 ,0 0 0 6 ,8 8 6 G, 1)00 4 ,6 8 4 1 134
1 6 1 ,5 3 2 1 7 7 ,3 4 0 1 0 0 ,5 3 3 2 0 3 , 6 4 8 2 0 7 ,0 1 0
3 2 ,5 7 7 3 3 ,0 7 6 3 5 ,0 7 5 3 8 ,4 5 5 3 0 ,8 5 0
1 2 ,0 4 4 1 3 ,3 0 2 1 8 ,3 1 0 1 6 ,3 3 7 1 1 1 ,5 3 1
2 ,0 7 6 3 ,3 2 1 5 ,9 2 0 5 ,3 4 2 1 3 6 8
6 ,1 5 8 7 ,0 0 0 9 ,0 3 1 8 ,0 0 7 0 ,0 0 8
3 8 ,0 0 3 4 8 .2 0 1 0 5 ,2 0 5 4 3 ,3 6 5 4 2 ,7 2 3
0 ,4 5 0 7 ,1 1 0 1 0 ,0 8 6 7 ,9 8 9 7 ,9 3 5
2 0 ,0 3 8 3 2 ,2 0 8 4 0 ,8 1 9 8 1 , 507 3 4 ,8 1 0
3 .0 2 6 ■ 6 ,0 7 6 0 ,7 5 4 5 ,8 4 9 1 4 ,8 3 4
0 ,0 0 4 7 ,9 3 9 0 ,0 1 3 8 ,8 2 9 0 ,0 5 3
4 ,4 8 0 5 ,5 3 1 0 ,8 0 2 6 , 063 1 851
2 ,1 4 3 2 ,4 9 6 3 ,2 3 4 2 ,8 2 7 2 ,9 7 0
00 61 109 88 67
343 978 0 8 0 1, 357 ■ 1 8 0
793 8 0 7 0 2 9 1, 005 U U
2 ,2 6 0 3 ,2 3 5 1 8 0 6 i 4 4 7 1 01
0 ,4 8 0
1 5 ,3 7 9
2 ,3 1 8
2 ,0 4 9
581
5 ,7 8 4
2 4 ,4 5 7
1 ,7 6 0
2 1 ,0 9 8
0 ,7 9 4
1 7 ,1 1 2
1 ,0 9 7
2 4 ,5 7 0
1 1 ,2 4 4
Admission to theaters, concerts, cabarets, etc___ 1 0 ,7 4 0
Narcotics, including special* taxes and marihuana. '5 5 4
2 ,0 4 0
3 , 2 1 2 3 ,3 1 7
3 0 , 509 6 5 ,4 1 4
2 3 ,9 7 7 2 4 ,0 0 4
1 2 ,5 1 7 1 0 ,9 5 5
2 0 ,8 0 1 1 9 ,4 7 1
2 , 0 1 3 1 ,9 8 1
2 ,2 0 4 2 ,3 4 8 2 , 4 6 6 2 , 2 1 0
573
5 7 4
5 7 2
0 ,0 0 1 6 ,2 8 8 6 ,5 5 1 6 ,2 1 7
2 7 ,0 9 1 2 9 ,0 8 8 2 7 ,4 7 0 2 7 ,6 0 5
1 ,1 6 4 8 0 4 091 » 1 0 6
2 0 ,0 4 4 1 ,1 9 3 1 9 7 i 1 1 8 > 8 8
48 2 6 5 ,7 4 5 7 4 2 ,0 6 0 7 4 0 ,4 2 0
6 8 ,1 1 9 0 0 ,2 6 7 1 0 1 ,1 0 7
2 0 7 ,3 3 0 5 0 2 ,9 1 8 5 2 9 ,8 3 6
48 2 8 7 1 4 0 ,4 7 6 1 0 0 ,4 2 7
Agricultural adjustment and related taxes................ 9 2 6 ,2 2 2 7 1 ,6 3 7
1Tnoludes delinquent taxes collected under repealed laws.
Souroe: See sourced table 181. ,

1 8 0 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES'
No. 1 8 3 .
I n t e r n a l R e v e n u e R e c e i p t s , b y S t a t e s a n d T e r r i t o r i e s : F i s c a l
T e a r s 1938 a n d 1939
N ??nEtM fnUwhS* f c r 49 of doI'a' Sec headnote, table 181, Tax receipts are credited to the
«f6 ^dnStir0rma5 0, aooelPt8 In the various States do not indicate tho tax burden
of tne respective States, since the taxes may eventually lie borne by persons in other States
DIVISION, STATE, OR
TERRITORY
t o t a l 1
TAXES
MISCELLANEOUS
INTERNAL
REVENUE
p a y -r o l l
TAXES 2
v m
1939
1938
1999 1938 1930 1938 1939
Total..
New England................
Maine........................
New H am pshire....
Vermont..................__
Massachusetts...........
Rhode Island............
Connecticut_______
Middle Atlantic_____
Now York................ "
New Jersey............
Pennsylvania..........
Past North Central__
Ohio...........................'
Indiana...................._
Illinois...................
Michigan.___ _____
Wisconsin_______ _
West North Central...
Minnesota...............
Iowa........................
Missouri...................
North Dakota.........
South Dakota.........
Nebraska................
Kansas.....................
South Atlantic_______
Dolaware................3"
Maryland-...............
District of Columbia
Virginia..................
West Virginia............
North Carolina____
South Carolina;..........
Georgia...................
Florida....................__
East South Central..
Kentucky........... .
Tennessee........... .
Alabam a.....___
Mississippi_____
West South Central..
Arkansas..............
Louisiana............ .
Oklahoma........... .
Texas.................
Mountain_____
Montana___
Idaho........... .
Wyoming___
Colorado......
New Mexico..
Arizona..........
Utah............
Nevada........
Pacific___ ____
Washington..
Oregon
California. ...
Alaska....................
Hawaii______ . . . .
Philippine Islands
Puerto Rico . . .
5,6 6 3 ,7Q& 5,181, 574 2,586,244 2,151,875 2 ,329,881 2, 289, 770 742,800 740, 429
344,076
16,076
9,197
4,736
186,278
32,479
90,311
, 930,125
, 244,299
210,510
475,817
, 352,708
335,417
114,103
497,964
308,183
96,081
279, 856
71,406
24,593
134,617
1* 579
1,071
20,991
24,637
808,007
80,717
108,973
35,761
202,404
24,348
327,018
12,101
33,725
42,959
177,883
122,201
32,142
16,929
6,611
256,021
8,046
45,780
82,662
139,526
68, 634
6,000
4,362
3,353
34,283
2,959
4,513
8,138
4,920
385,001
34,491
14, 940
315,570
905
14,395
406
852
301, 503
15,453
7,640
4,327
160,905
27,653
85,625
1, 692,442
1,051,913
201,827
438,672
1,134,009
288,246
114,874
430,320
258,163
86,406
273,990
68,831
23,553
137, 710
1,598
I , 972
19,130
21,191
850,056
71,864
106,518
30,140
212,823
22,209
310, 008
10,533
33,837
51,432
186, 548
132,147
32,758
15,491
6,152
253,944
7,943
40,859
59,338
139,804
68,500
5,922
4,230
2,826
34, 598
2,884
4,370
9,616
4,046
855,627
32,055
14,003
398,969
192,162
8,768
5,109
2,466
99,877
17,481
58,451
998, 777
691,504
1G0,399
206,874
626,494
164,622
36.903
23G, 997
160,980
36,990
101,032
31,215
12.904
58,825
770
923
7,821
9,473
257,628
58,632
44,690
19, 548
28,692
13,805
27, m
7,139
18,898
28,566
46, 567
17,436
16,727
8,695
3, 709
115.045
4,169
19,349
21, 5S7
69,940
35,870
2,699
2,437
1,575
17,573
1,565
2, 581
3,927
3,514
181.045
17,245
7,505
156, 295
960 538
I I , 10,196 894
373
1,729
149, 859 101,420 97,348 60,496 64,298
9, 555 3,254 2,730 3,053 3 ,1 0 8
4,252 2,024 1,012 1, 404 1. 776
2,063 1,090 1,045 1,179 1,219
73, 827 59,013 57,409 27,388 29, 669
12,256 11,162 11,108 3,835 4 ,1 8 9
47,006 24,283 23,441 13, 570 14,278
800, 751 073,503 632, 118 267, 846 259, 676
550,070 394,104 337, 693 158,091 104,180
84,103 88,210 03,987 21, 900 23,738
166, 579 191,188 200,430 77,255 71,667
506,401 538,238 495,432 189,976 182,175
120, 621 132,667 120, 619 48,128 47,006
31, 599 67,338 72,148 9,022 11,127
197,550 177,301 163, 648 S3, 005 75,222
125, 528 110,795 90, 654 30, 408 30,081
31,103 48,137 42, 663 11, 854 12,740
110,158 94,288 104, 771 63, 634 69,063
26, 417 23,898 27,198 10, 353 15,215
11,711 6,556 5,867 5,133 5 ,9 7 4
55,817 50,280 68,368 25,512 23, 530
082 296 340 513 576
830 502 515 546 627
7, 059 5,586 5,447 7,584 6 ,0 2 4
7,639 7,171 7,035 7,003 6 ,5 1 7
230, 500 547,819 557,874 62, 600 61, 875
61, 564 8,693 6,978 3, 391 3 ,3 2 2
43,642 51,741 51,033 12, 542 11,845
16,800 8,112 6,036 8,100 7, 404
25,208 163,402 177,546 10,250 10, 070
11,637 5,469 5,366 5,074 5, 297
2i, m 200,964 276,697 8,305 8, 997
5,4GQ 2,287 2,149 2,675 2, 984
16,955 7,305 9,709 7,525 7 ,1 7 4
24,397 9,786 22,280 4,008 4, 784
39, 801 111,272 126,223 20, 044 20,465
14,162 97,167 110,731 7, 598 7, 254
15, 225 9,275 11,016 6,140 6, 517
7,343 3,361 3,055 4,874 8 ,0 9 4
3,131 1,469 1,420 1,432 1, 001
112, 294 109,687 108, 867 31, 279 82, 983
3,974 2,155 2,199 1,723 1, 770
17. 591 21,965 24,182 4,472 5 ,0 8 6
20,857 35,280 32,384 6,786 6 ,0 9 7
09, 871 50,287 49,902 19,-299 20,0 3 1
31,684 21,090 25, 452 11, 574 11,364
2,554 2,104 2,182 1,197 1 ,1 8 6
2,012 80S 1,096 1,117 1,121
1,415 1,213 844 565 567
15,209 11,815 14,668 4,894 4 ,7 2 1
1,591 790 640 596 654
2,489 939 846 993 1, 043
3,441 2,712 4,557 1,490 1, 617
2, 972 698 619 713 454
lo i, m 180,163 138,926 53, 793 66, 988
14, 279 10,011 11,149 7,234 7, 227
6,399 3,367 3,174 4,067 4 ,4 3 0
141,035 116,784 122, 603 42, 491 46, 331
56S 140 144 221 247
7,570 2,961 2,931 3,237 1, 393
406 873
12 852 1,717
* S f s c S f a u l G a S A rt3!rU3t “ COTlntS 08 M lows' TotaI' 1938' *K031,000; 1939, $19,220,000.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Annual Report of the Commissioner

I n c o m e t a x r e t u r n s 181
N o . 1 8 4 . — I n c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , I n d iv id u a l— Su m m a r y : 1913 t o 1938
N ote.—All money figures in thousands of dollars. Statistics tiro based on the taxpayers’ returns as filed,
unaudited except to insure proper execution of the return. XJndor the revenuo laws these classes of individuals
were required to file personal returns; For 1913 to 1016, those with net income of $3,000 and over;
1917 to 1924, and 1932 to 1938, $1,000 and over; 1925 to 1931, $1,500 and over; or if married and living with
husband or wife filing a joint return, $2,000 for 1917 to 1923, $2,500 for 1024, and 1932 to 1938, and $3,500
(or 1025 to 1931; also, beginning 1921, individuals with gross income of $5,000 or over regardless of net
income. D ata for returns showing no net income, filed in accordance with the latter provision, are not
included in statistics shown. Partnership net income or net loss is reported on tho individual returns of
copartners according to their shares. All income-tax data include Alaska and Hawaii
CALENDAR
YEAR
NUMBER OF RETURNS
Total
Taxable
1918................... 357,598
1914................... 357, 515
1916 ............................................
336,052
1918................... 437,036 362,970
1917 ..... 3,472,890 2,707,234
1018............... .. 4,425,114 3,392,863
1910................... 5,332,760 4,231,181
1920................... 7,259,944 5,518,310
1021................... 6,862,176 3, 589,985
1922 ..... 3,681,249
1923 ..... 4,270,121
1924 ............................................
7,369,788 4,489,698
1925 .....
1026...................
1927 .....
1928 .....
1029...................
1930 .....
1931 .....
1932 .....
1933 ...................
1934 .....
1936...................
1038...................
1037..................
1037 (p rel.)a..
1038 (prel.) 3..
4,171,051
4,138,092
4,101, 547
4,070,851
4,044,327
3,707, 509
3,225,924
3.877.430
3,723, 558
4,094,420
4,575,012
5,413,499
6, 360,148
6.231.431
6,056,720
2, 501,166
2,470,990
2,440,941
2, 523,063
2,458,049
2,037, 645
1, 525, 546
1,936,095
1, 747, 740
1,795,920
2,110,890
2,861,108
3,371,443
3,310,201
2,905,034
Nontaxable
74,006
765,050
1,032,251
1,101, 570
1,741,034
3,072,191
3,106,232
3,428,200
2,880,090
1,669,885
1,887,102
1,660,600
1,547,788
1,586, 278
1,669, 864
1,700,378
1,941,335
1,075, 818
2,208, 500
2,464,122
2,552,391
2,978,705
2,921,230
3,061,686
Net
income
3.900.000
4,000,000
4.600.000
0,208,578
13,652,383
15,924,639
19,859,491
23,735,629
19.577.213
21.336.213
24,777,466
25,656,153
21,804,676
21,058,506
22, 545,091
25,226,327
24,800,736
18,118,635
13,604,996
11,655,009
11,008,638
12,796,802
14,909,812
19,240,110
21,238,574
21,088,537
18,664,057
TAX BEFORE TAX CREDITS
Normal
tax
12,729
16,559
23,996
51,441
156,897
476,433
468,105
478,250
308,059
355,410
378,388
257,795
216.360
200,599
215,817
281,895
162,332
120,476
82,302
156,606
164, 277
123,261
162,814
330,197
334,660
330.360
231,758
Surtax
15,525
24,487
43,948
121,046
433,846
651,289
801, 625
596,804
411,327
474, 581
464,918
437,541
432,853
448,330
511,731
688,825
582,393
316,816
186, 078
239,232
244,307
388,130
504, G25
883,820
807,019
802,840
255.243
Tax on
capital
net gain
31,066
38,016
48,603
117,571
112,510
134,034
233,451
284,054
65.422
10.423
6,030
10,435
Credits
against
taxi
220,555
39,673
32,229
28,060
30,943
30,910
27,441
34,998
41,676
71,915
50,890
Total tax,
less
credits
28, 254
41,046
67,044
178.387
*796,381
1,127,722
1,269, 630
1,075,054
719.387
801,057
661,665
704, 205
734, 555
732,471
830, 639
1,104,254
1,001, 038
476,715
246,127
329,062
374,120
511,400
657,430
1,214,017
1,141,660
1,142,206
* 764,175
1See table 185 for dotail, beginning with 1920.
3 Includes war excess-profits taxes of $101,250,000 on iudividuals and of $103,888,000 on partnerships.
3 Preliminary figures lor 1937 returns filed through August 1938, and for 1938 returns filed through Juno
1939. Complete figures Include additional returns filed to Decomber 31, including final returns replacing
tentative returns which are not tabulated.
* Includes alternative tax of $277,174,000. The alternative tax is imposed on returns with net long-term
capital gain when such alternative tax is less than the sum of tho normal tax and surtax computed on net
income including not long-torm capital gain; and the alternative tax is imposed on returns with net longterm
capital loss when such alternative tax is greater than tho sum of the normal tax and surtax computed
on not income after deducting net long-term capital loss.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenuo; Statistics of Income, Part 1.
N o. 1 8 5 .— I n c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , I n d i v i d u a l — A n a l y s i s : 1929 t o 1937
[All money figures, except as indioated, in millions of dollars. See headuoto, table 1841
1920 1030 1031 1032 1033 1934 1935 1030 1937
29, 845 22,819 17,288 14,382 13,894 18. 093 17,317 21, 888 24,464
11,173 9,022 8,325 8,137 7,390 8,000 0,901 11,661 14,149
3,828 2,628 l! 890 1,205 1/403 1, 717 1, 855 2,374 2,493
1.846 1,090 730 483 604 632 740 1,022 1,139
Profits from sals of real estate, stocks,
2,336 637 302 113 420 (■) w (*) «
Capital 'net gain from sale of assets
2.847 660 170 50 134 (a) w (5) (*)
* 211 4510 5974 6434
1,270 976 771 530 448 510 572 685 768
4,783 4,107 3.114 1,972 1, 559 1,966 2,235 3,174 3,514
508 420 369 311 270 289 329 826 831
40 38 25 26 32 33 44 44 48
1,008 1,608 1,338 1,142 962 909 901 888 862
O ther income...................... _............... 200 230 '236 331 167 221 231 240 225
For footnotes, see p. 182.

182 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 1 8 5 .— I n c o m e T a x R e t t o n s , I n d i v i d u a l — A n a l y s i s : 1929 t o 1937— Con.
General deductions1 234______ ______
Contributions......................................
Net loss from sale of real estate,
stocks, bonds, etc.®.........................
Net capital loss.................................. .
Business loss.................-.....................
Partnership loss1...............................
Interest paid10...................................
Taxes paid « ___________ „______
All other...........................................
Net income i....................................
Prior year loss deduction.................
Exemptions and credits:
Personal exemption______ -....... .
Credit lot dependents--............ -
L e s s e x e m p tio n s a n d c r e d its i n excess
o f n e t income.................................
Earned incomo credit.........................
Dividends7............... ......................
Interest on Government obligations *
Capital net gain from sale oi assets
held over 2 years............................ .
L e s s credits ............................... .
Not exemptions........................
Net income subjeot to normal tax_____
Normal tax..............................................
Surtax.........-...........................................
Tax on capital not gain from sale of
assets held over 2 years......................
Less tax credits:
25porcent of taxon earned not income..
12H percent on net loss from sale of
assets held over 2 years..................
Nettax..
Average net incomo per roturn..
(M l money figures, except as indicated, in millions of dollars]
1029 1030 1931 1932 1033 1934 1935 4536 1937
-***-
0«9
184 (6) > 146
f
| 173 135 113
62 64 67
\ 30 29 24
3,622
( 508 617 S04
| 2,378 2,040 1,944 \ 608 541 597
1 861 688 764
24,801 18,119
29 40 13,605 11, 666
44 29 11,009 12, 797 14,910
0 0 O') 00
u ,« a 11,010 9,682 8,517 8,305 (7,029
\1,247 8,485
1,289
2,648
386
3,218
440
( 0 « &130 5264
80 98
21 29
645 561
GOO 837
788 986
19,240
CO
21,239
0 0
9,921
1,452 11,623
1,597
Jt . o i s S, 07/, 2 ,2 7 ? f,7JM 1,775 2,040
« 876 1 12944 ,9 0 6 u 1 1,231
,6 6 2 1 ,7 7 6
's 1,481
4,783 4,197 3,114 1,972 i, 659
40 38 25 20 32 1,966
38 2,235 (0
44 44 (7>48
2,347 566 170 50 134
15 % $
17,022 13, m l 10, 700 8,846 8,252 9,715 11,089 10,985 12,875
7,760
162
582
9ft*
4,884
12S
317
Cf
3,861
82
18(1
2.781
157
239
2,766
184
244
id fl 10
3,082
123
388
3,820
153
505
8,255
330
884
6,364
335
807
22 21 r (ii) (») CO (H)
1(] 2- 72 61
l,oo 2 47 7 24 9 38
4,04 1 3,70. 5 3,22 5 3;87
$9,13 2 $4,8S 7 $4,21 7 $3,00
$24 3 $1? 3 $71 $8
S7<
3,72-!
$2,05(
$1«
cii
4,091
$3,121
$121
65)
4,671
$3,251
$144
1,214
5.41S
$3, m
$224
1,142
0,350
$3,345
$180
t Total income and net income for 1020 to 1033 include net capital gains from sale of assets held over
2 years, whereas net income has not been reduced nor have deductions been increased by amount of net
oapital losses from such sales. For treatment of capital gains and losses for 1934 and later years, see note 5.
* Excludes salaries and wages of the individual, his wife, or dopondent minors derived from business
conducted by the individual.
3 Dividends on stock of domestic corporations prior to 1036, taxable interest on obligations of the United
States for all years, and prior to 1934, capital net gain from sale of assets held more than 2 years, received
through partnerships and fiduciaries wore reported under their respective classifications. For 1934 and
subsequent years, income of partnerships and fiduciaries includes proportion ol not capital gains and losses
resulting from sales of capital assets through these entities required to be reported undor Revenue Acts of
1934 and 1936.
4 Exclusive of amount taxed as capital net gain from sales of assets held over 2 years.
3 Undor the Revenue Acts of 1034 and 393(1, certain percentages (varying according to the period for which
assets were held) of gains or losses from the sale oi all capital assets are taken into account in computing n et
income, the deduction for capital losses being limited to $2,000 after subtracting capital gains. Amounts
shown as "net capital gain." and "net capital hiss” represent the proportion of gains and losses required to
be Included and are not comparable with "profits (or net loss) From salo of roal estate, stocks, bonds, etc."
and "capital net gain from sale at assets held over 2 years” reported for earlier years; they exclude gain or
loss on sale of capital assots through partnerships or fiduciaries (sec note 3).
4 Amount reported for tax a t I 2 \ i percent In lieu of normal tax and surtax.
7 On stocks of domestic corporations prior to 1936; includes dividends on stocks of both domestic and
forofen for 1936 and 1937, subject to normal lax and surtax. 8 *Not wholly exempt from tax.
8 Other than reported for tax credit on capital net loss from sale of assets hold more than 2 years.
10 Excludes amounts reported in business deductions. 11 No deduction allowed for prior year loss.
» Beginning with 1034 limited credit for earned income was allowed against net income in computing
taxable income.
» Loss in ordinary net income for given year and net loss for prior year deductible from capital net gain.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Statistics of Income, Part 1.

INCOME TAX RETURNS' 183
N o. 1 8 6 .—-In c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , I n d i v i d u a l , b y F a m ily R e l a t i o n s h i p
1933 1933 1934- 1935 1930 1937
N umber of returns__________ 3,877,430 3,723,658 4,094,420 4,575,012 5,413,499 6,350,148
Joint returns of husbands and wives l. 1,021,105 1,850,803 2,034,946 2,100,020 2,302,833 2,782,822
Separate returns of husbands and
wives: M en........ ................................ « m (?) 3124,355 3150,364 3168,081
Women_________________ 83.005 79,630 87,471 3105,559 3130,211 3 158,302
Single men, heads of families.............. 265,253 204,221 283,875 312, 557 867,410 444,386
Single women, heads of families.......... 169,140 104,471 171,173 170,653 199,535 213,490
All other men..................................... ... 820,852 779,269 880,651 1,033,214 1,290,657 1,597,843
All other women................................... 623,483 509,244 603,214 BOO, 703 709,092 891,778
Community property returns______ 15,092 15.970 23,790 31,148 49,311 54, 231
Estates and trusts................................. m d ( w 1,391,784 2,071,764 2,044,910
Womon.................................. 446,858 420,730 488,729 615, 621 927,083 934,579
Single men, heads of families.............. 629,946 622,703 670,492 771,008 967.960 1,211,750
Single women, heads of families_____ 371,362 351,838 381,062 409,441 511,590 529,327
All other men...... .................................. 1,644,614 1,610,777 1,816,535 2,068,702 2,706,848 3,127,141
All other women_________________ 1,350,482 1,108,087 1,295,313 1,416,313 1,775,820 1,920,838
Community property returns____— 178,993 100,454 279.075 371,910 620,126 666,980
Estates and trusts................................ (

1 8 4 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
N o . 1 8 8 . I n c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , I n d iv id u a l— I n c o m e D is t r ib u t e d
s o u r c e , b y S t a t e s a n d T e r r it o r ie s : 1937
[All figures in thousands ol dollars. For total tacoino, see table 190]
BY
TAXABLE IN­
TEREST
Divt-
Salaries,
Bank
dendson
Partially
wages,
deposits,
stock of
DIVISION, STATS, OR com­
Income
Bents
domestic
sod
nership
taxexempt
Part­
TERRITORY mis­
sions,
notes,
m o rt-' Gov­
from
and Business
Net
foreign
profit * fiduciariesties
royal­
capital
Other
etc.
gages,
corporationsernment
profit
income
gain 6
corporation
obligega*
bonds2
turns3
Total_________ 14,148,610 9, 914,898 802,849 47,665 1,139,301 830,772 758,444 2,493,420 434,114 224, 986
Now H am pshire-.,.
Vermont.............. .
Massachusetts..........
Rhode Island............
Connecticut.___ .
New York.................
.Now Jersey_____
Pennsylvania...........
East North Central___
O h i o ..................................
1, 186,048
50,536
30,601
3 8 ,1 2 0
081,704
94,781
295,308
4,685,918
2 ,5 0 5 487
717,450
1, 302,063
3,462,086
878,515
287,025
Illinois.................. 1,268, 317
Michigan.................. 732, 057
Wisconsin................. 285,572
West North Central___ 863,696
Minnesota_______ . 217,3 2 6
Iown.......................... 110,056
Missouri................... 339, 473
North Dakota........... 20,116
South Dakota_____ 10,506
Nebraska................... 80* 166
87,105
1,330,280
44,315
Maryland................. 314,337
Dist. of Oolumbla...
West Virginia...........
North Carolina____
South Carolina.........
Georeia.............. ..
East South Central____
Kentucky.................
Tennessee.................
Alabama...................
201,534
172,211
125,450
114,788
49,985
143,810
109,860
374,240
111, 621
13S.18C
89,124
Mississippi............... 35' 118
West South Central___ 386,851
37, 049
Oklahoma___ «... __
Toxas........................
117,018
122,702

INCOME TA.X RETURNS 185
N o. 189.— I ncome T ax R etu rn s, I n d ividual, by N e t- I ncome C l a s s e s:
1931 t o 1937
N ote.—See headnoto, table 184. The net income hero shown Is subject to doduotlon of exemptions to give
net income subject to tax; see tables 186 and 191. Data for returns with net incoino under $6,000 are
partly estimated and partly tabulated
NET-INCOME CLASS 1931 193$ 193$ 1934 1935 1936 1337
N u m b er of retu rn s. 3, 225,924 3,877,480 3,723,668 4,094,420 4,576,012 5,416,499 6,350,148
U nder $1,000---------- 185,391 350,038 397,076 320,460 299,594 277,803 297,143
$1,000 to $2,000_____ 862,153 1,489,689 1.480,717 1,008,096 1,777.931 2, 111, 789 2,524,763
$2,000 to $3,000_____ 675,019 907,966 914,108 980,682 1,123,699 1,317,752 1,671,990
$3,000 to $6,000_____ 912, 030 703,755 699,076 762, 636 873,673 1,029,144 1, 251,213
$5/100 to $10,000____ 417,655 261,014 220,754 200,824 339,842 440,886 471,171
$10,000 to $26,000. — 137,764 79,210 76,643 102,892 123,564 176,649 178,446
$26,000 to $50,000— . 24,308 18,480 18,423 20,931 20,029 41,137 38,948
$60,000 to $100,000— 7,830 5,902 6,021 6,003 8,033 13,620 12,318
$100,000 to $160,000.. 1,034 995 1,084 982 1,395 2,606 2,269
$160,000 to $300,000- 1,056 595 696 690 896 1,544 1,358
$300,000 to $600.000.. 268 140 141 116 206 330 312
$600,000 to $1,000,000. 149 86 81 86 109 178 162
$1,000,000 and over.. 77 20 50 33 41 61 49
In thousands of dollars
N et incom e________ 13,004,996 11,665,909 11,008,638 12,796,802 14,909,812 19,240, n o 21,238,674
U nder $1,000____ _ 100,022 231,140 264,785 211,113 198,900 187,113 202,401
$1,000 to $2,000.......... 1. 309,430 2,146,834 2.093.292 % 277,726 2.634.828 3,011, 409 3,592,283
$2,000 to $3,000.......... 1,041, 504 2,437,261 2,205,586 2,467,851 2,831,683 3,326,252 3,980,864
$3,000 to $6,000.......... 3,618,716 2,597,915 2,207,458 2,839,348 3.249,107 3,821,708 4,646,965
$5,000 to $10,000........ 2,807,001 1, 077,039 1,637,875 1,952,801 2,283,402 2,977,790 3,170,671
$10,000 to $25,000.... 2,000,721 1,160,398 1,112,086 1, 513,692 1,822,271 2,628,092 2,039,518
$26,000 to $60,000— 820,048 029,039 630,006 708.530 382, 309 1,400,463 1,310, 431
$50,000 to $100,000... 528,049 393,200 401.049 405,976 535.772 913, 618 824, 201
$100,000 to $160,000.. 190,508 - 119,896 129,169 117.744 166,379 311, 279 272,264
$160,000 to $300,000- 212,059 118,008 130,215 140,960 179,911 307,930 272,724
$300,000 to $600,000- 102,180 62,469 64,570 43,832 77,907 124, 623 117,477
$600,000 to $1,000,000. 102,311 67,874 60,700 59,464 73,811 122,762 114,899
$1,000,000 a n d o v e r- ]0G, 060 35,240 80,867 57,775 73,630 107,641 85,416
N et tax •..................... 246,127 329,962 374,120 511,400 667,439 1,214,017 1,141, 569
U nder $1,000.............. 24 103 97 111 125 331 468
$1,000 to $2,000. ........ 943 12,254 10,345 8,659 10,068 14,010 17,202
$2,000 to $3,000.......... 2,466 9,822 7,710 7,567 9,311 13,088 15,622
$3,000 to $6,000_____ 3,832 20y 895 18,397 18,349 20,738 32, 232 38,852
$6,000 to $10,000____ 12,407 35,016 35,077 43,086 48,728 79,360 83,529
$ 1'1,000 to $25,000.__ 31,897 60,160 64,977 83,960 103,784 175,013 175, 709
$26,000 to $60,000— 40,096 43,646 62,365 84,907 106,670 191,339 179, 395
$60,000 to $100,000... 44,780 47,160 67,491 84,792 112,816 216,046 194, 507
$100,000 to $150,000- 23,135 24.469 30,369 38,166 64,132 116,186 102, 062
$160,000 to $300,000.. 28,793 31,912 40.412 67,995 74,039 147,381 131, 000
$300,000 to $600,000.. 15,411 18,664 17,910 20,854 37,246 71,470 67,480
$600,000 to $1,000,000. 15,457 19,018 21,221 30,745 38,323 78,945 74,156
( 1,000,000 and over.. 26,886 16,476 27,759 32,211 41,499 77,138 01,457
Average tax rate on
net income, percent_____________
1.81 2.83 3.40 4.09 4.41 6.31 5.87
U n d e r $1,000............. .02 .04 .04 .05 .06 .18 .23
$1,000 to $2,000.......... .07 ,67 .49 .38 .40 .47 .48
$2,000 to $3,000......... .15 .40 .34 .31 .33 .42 .39
$3,000 to $5,000.____ .11 .80 .83 .05 .64 .84 .84
$6,000 to $10,000------ .44 2.12 2.28 2.21 2.13 2.67 2.03
$10,000 to $26,000___ 1.59 4.32 4.94 5.65 5.69 6.68 0.66
$26,000 to $60,000___ 4.89 6.92 8.31 11.98 12.09 13.66 13.60
$60,000 to $100,000... 8.48 11.99 14.34 20.89 21.06 23.65 23.60
$100,000 to $160,000- 11.77 20.41 23.51 32.41 32.54 37.32 37.49
$160,000 to $300.000.. 13.58 27.04 29.03 41.14 41.15 47.86 48.00
$£00,000 to $500.000.. 15.08 35.36 32.82 47.58 47.81 57.40 67.46
$600,000 to $1,000,000. 15.11 32.86 37.43 61.70 51.92 64. 31 64.82
$1,000,000 and over.. 16.19 46,75 31.90 65,75 56.36 71.00 71.96
i Includes normal tax and surtax, and also prior to 1034, tax at 12H peroont on capital net gain from sale of
assets held more than 2 years, less tax credits.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Statistics of Income, P a rt 1.
2 6 7 7 0 6 ° — 4 1 ------- 1 4

186 UATIOHAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 190.— I n c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , I n d i v i d u a l , b y
[All money figures, except average per return
1935
1930
1937
DIVISION, STATE,
OR TERRITORY
Numher
at
returns
Tax
Net income
Number
of
returns
Tax
Net Income
Number
of
returns
Total income
Deductions,
including
contributions
Total.. 4, 676, 012 14, 908,812 857,430 5, 413, 499 19,240, 110 1,214,017 9,350,148 24,454,099 3,215, 625
New E ngland---. 411, 819 1,430,574 56,540
Maine..............
501,463 1,758, 803 560,664 2,179,848
21,826 09,455
285, 948
2,568
N. Hampshire.
25,057 88,859
28,12* 108,752
17, 087 51,654
13,647
1,435 19,664
Vermont..........
62,820
21,04]
10, 903
77,055
30. 294
9, GOO
504 12,193
Massaohusetts.
37,146
13,874
257, 496
45,93S
825, 327
5, 280
31,804 284,320
Hhofie Island...
988,904 314, 39C
33, OM
1,218,784 104,901
113,641 6,002 38,424 141,958
Connecticut-.
43,272
100,893
174,607 23, 312
310,303 17,227 121,805 439, 100 146,303 554,117 60, 133
Middle Atlantio. _.
New York____
New Jersey___
Pennsylvania...
East North Central
Ohio..................
Indiana..........
Illinois.............
Michigan..........
Wisconsin..........
West North Central
Minnesota........
Iowa..................
Missouri............
North Dakota_
South Dakota...
Nebraska___
Kansas..........
South Atlantic__
Delaware.........
Maryland........
Dist. of C ol....
Virginia.........
, West Virginia..
North Carolina..
South Carolina.
Georgia............
Florida...........
East South Central.
Kentucky........
Tennessee..........
Alabama.........
Mississippi........
West South Central.
Arkansas......
Louisiana..........
Oklahoma.........
Texas.......... ......
Mountain.........
Montana___
Idaho..........
Wyoming__
Colorado.....
New Mexico.
Arizona.........
U tah............
Nevada____
Paeifloand Alaska.
Washington and
Alaska............
Oregon__
Calif ornia.
Hawaii____
1,486, 569
852. 076
223, 489
389, 994
954,705
245,888
82,438
345,857
173, 790
105, 785
380, 782
72, 258
57, 788
110,370
10.019
9, 582
31, 253
39,492
423,913
11, 371
02, 550
95, 271
54,835
37,224
35,813
10,820
40.702
38,021
121, 815
30.703
42, 341
20,141
13, 570
230, 534
14,085
40,123
44, 909
131,447
110,885
19,924
11,006
8,738
33,475
9,272
13, Oil
14,088
0,441
470,948
09.019
33,
307,
13,262
5,110,802
3,106,204
737, 155
1, 273,383
3, Oil, 203
766, 529
245,980
1,171, 834
508, 270
258, 500
991, 700
222,818
148,626
358,008
23,077
24,094
93,113
111,404
1, 395, 985
64,700
316,888
263,067
171, 204
100, 920
124,880
47,010
160, 953
144,093
377, 980
125, 101
135, 557
80,443
30,879
744,844
43, 351
122, 582
139,148
430, 153
342,887
50,720
29,803
23, 703
108, 379
25,400
38, 298
39, 903
20,881
1,401, 533
197,924
91,
1,172,
40,
294. 028 1,707,778
202, 071 976,939
34,004 250,328
57,053 470, 511
122,499 1,193, 960
28,082 308,780
8,487 103,303
51,134 418,303
28,310 239,303
5, 577 124,202
26,264 389, 954
6,673 80, 291
2,701 07,345
12,426 130,621
191 10,809
345 10, 724
1,796 30,887
2,042 47,374
SB, 440 491, 661
11,402 13,739
12, 013 105,673
7,170 100,803
6,260 G2,44Q
2,276 47, 527
0, 419 42, 075
803 19, 975
4,149 49, 612
8,933 44,048
10, 251 141, 245
3,742 45,189
3,937 48,048
1,702 31,712
870 16,296
26, 791 268,447
'797 10, 587
3,066 43,728
3, 433 51,277
19, 498 150,856
9, 008 141,031
931 23, 916
351 14, 201
646 10,702
4,057 40,332
365 11,222
64S 16,842
080 16,262
1,364 7,664
47,628 562,546
3,868 88,040
1,620
42,033
37,778
436, 128
2,390 16, 214
s * o table 185, Se
tions, exempt from normal tax, distributed by States.
6, 396, 931
3,804, 453
928,163
1,004,325
4, 211, 572
1,078,986
332,021
1, 599, 035
802, 578
338,951
1,259, 198
290,979
184,118
462,885
20,705
27,750
115,138
145,617
1, 777, 951
96,695
391,588
327,408
218,974
145,746
166,362
61.787
181,626
197, 70S
491,489
157,007
173,317
106,648
64, 517
981,442
61,157
100,055
170,780
569,444
451, 976
68.788
41,092
30, 327
146,499
34,953
51,444
50,927
27,045
I, 872,310
259,650
118
1,494;
68,
13,201
1,654
19,100
44,387
-2,074
8,395
6,632
27,266
19,139
1,129
8,935
799
1,420
1,458
2,226
97,517
7,876
1,843,978 7,911, 023 1,141, 084
1,070,028 4, 003,053 727, 447
297,052 1,142, 836 141,199
570, 291 2,165,134 272, 4 38
1,481,851 5,445,725 022,547
384,077 1,386,048 157,904
132,218 452, 274 50, 359
505, 05C 2,035, 245 230, 450
308,480 1, no, 171 125,435
151,820 461, 987 58, 330
441, 923 1,549, 502 208, 381
107, 560 369, 512 47, 795
72,359 230, 729 33, 968
145,457 565, 739 73,923
11,408 33,320 4,977
11,328 32, 571 4,701
40,629 130, 392 16,114
53,182 181, 230 20,013
572,791 2,289,401 292, 891
16,836 124, 310 19, 968
133,183 514,441 67, 390
110,658 369,025 39,109
71,045 281, 513 30,079
59, 323 193, 080 19,415
48,045 211, 535 36,040
23,316 84,158 13, 241
56,788 236,936 31,883
52,417 274, 397 39, 706
187, 572 635, 841 80, 257
51,192 190, 535 28,470
58,598 222,204 20,735
39,959 148,894 18, 766
17,823 08, 148 12, 280
824,759 1, 382, 045 210, 815
18,502 75,260 11,205
54,510 220, 650 28,891
55,323 232,002 41, 478
100,415 854,833 129, 241
167,010 677,009 88.55Q
30,408 88, 427 8, S44
15,683 48, 584 5,249
12,247 39,158 3,870
45,371 178, 563 22,401
13, 596 47,725 5,255
20,809 70,759 8,327
19,892 68,830 9,216
8,944 36, 023 3, 388
666,412 2,409, 710 292,541
104, 386 323, 631 27,840
51,802 162,638 18,604
510, 224 1,923, 541 246,091
17,394 73, 336 8, fill

INCOME TAX RETURNS 1 8 7
S t a t e s a n d T e r r i t o r i e s : 1935, 1936, a n d 1937
and per oapita tax, in thousands of dollars] 3
1937—Continued
N et income
Personal
exemption
and
credit for
dependents
'
Tax
Average per
return
N et income
Tax
Percent
of
lation
filing
returns2
Percent of United States
total
Tax per
capita
of total
population
Population
2
Returns
Net
in-
Tax
D IVISION,
STATE, OR
TERRITORY
21,238, 674 IS, 120,718 1,141,680 3,344. 58 179. 77 8.80 4.90 100. 00 loo.oo 100. OO100. 00 Total.
1, 393, 901 1,112, 288 107, 023 3,842,19 188. 86 12.45 e. so 6. 63 8.92 8.92 0. 38 N. E.
95,105 57,823 5, 222 3,381. 76 185. 68 6.10 3.29 .60 ■44 .45 .40 Maine.
68, 046 42, 748 3,230 3,144.32 149.28 8.33 4.24 .39 .34 .32 .28 N. H.
40, 047 28, 381 1.231 2,029. 73 88.75 3.22 3.62 .30 .22 .19 .11 Vt.
1, 053, 823 626,154 52,382 3,351.96 166.01 11.84 7.10 3.41 4.05 4.96 4. 59 Mass.
151, 295 85,515 10,067 3,496.29 232.63 14.78 6.35 .52 .68 .71 .88 11,1.
484, 984 271,607 34,891 3,330.37 . 240.02 20.04 8.35 1.34 2.29 2.28 3. 06 Conn.
6, 769, 040 4, 076, 888 444,966 3,482. 53 228. 90 16.19 7.07 21. IS 30.61 31.88 38. 98 M. A.
3, 875, 003 2, 255, 367 296, 063 3, 619. 94 270. 53 22.85 8.26 9.09 in. so 18.25 25.93 N. Y.
1.001, 037 631,357 51, 564 3,371.91 173. 58 11.87 6.84 3.35 4.68 4.72 4.52 N. J.
1, 892, 097 1,100,154 97,339 3,284.27 168.91 9.57 5.66 7.84 9.08 8.91 8. 53 Pa.
4, 823,177 3, 017, 159 243,664 S, 255. 27 164.45 9.48 5.73 19.92 23.33 22.71 21. 34 E. N. O-
1, 228,085 787, 008 69,703 3,197. 50 155,44 8.87 5.70 5.19 6.06 5.78 5.23 Ohio.
401, 014 275, 069 15,705 3,039.79 118. 78 4. 52 3.81 2.08 2,08 1.89 1. 38 Ind.
1, SOI 785 h 033. 070 103,228 3, 573. 48 204.39 13.10 0.41 6.07 7.95 8.50 9.04 in.
084,736 610,366 51,435 3,192.16 166.73 10.05 6.39 3.72 ■1.36 4.64 4. 51 Mioh.
403, 650 301, 647 13,593 2,658, 78 89. 53 4.65 5.19 2.26 2.39 1.00 1.19 Wis.
1,341,121 947, 377 47, 616 3,034. 74 107. 75 8.46 3. 20 10. 05 6.93 8.31 4.17 W. N. 0.
321,717 219,480 11,909 2,991. 05 110.72 4. 49 4. 00 2.04 1.69 1.51j 1.04 Minn.
190,771 157, 931 4,886 2, 719. 37 87.53 1.91 2.84 1.97 1.14 .93 .43 Iowa.
491, SI 6 311,883 23,083 3,381.17 158. 60 5.79 3. 05 3.08 2.29 2.32 2.02 Mo.
28, 352 26,138 359 2,485. 27 31.40 .51 1. 02 .54 .18 .13 .03 N. Dak.
27,870 24, 958 377 2, 460. 31 33.20 .64 1. 04 .53 .18 .13 .03 S. Dak.
120, 277 88,857 2,951 2,960.38 72.63 2.16 2.98 1.05 ,64 .57 .26 Nebr.
154, 317 118,131 4,051 2,901. 68 76.18 2.17 2,85 1.44 .84 .73 .35 Kaus.
l, 998, 611 1, 218, 094 118,172 8,485. 58 206. 31 6.86 S. 32 13.31 9.02 8.40 10.36 S. A,
104, 342 33,101 25, 219 0,107. S3 1,487.91 00. 62 6, 45 ,2( .27 .49 2. 21 Del.
457,052 280,168 21,500 3,431.70 161. 4 4 12.81 7.91 1.2f 2.1C 2.15 1.88 Md.
329,910 211,020 11, 630 2,981. 40 106.10 18. 55 17.05 .48 1.74 1.55 1.02 D .C .
245,434 157, 432 12,379 3,425. 70 172. 78 4. 57 2. 65 2.0E 1.13 1.1C 1.08 Va.
173, 071 120,868 5,204 2,927. 6C 87.72 2.70 3.11 1.44 .9'i .82 .4e W. Va.
175,495 109, 988 10,582 3,007. 67 217. 54 3.03 X. 36 2. 6t .77 .83 .93 N. 0 .
70, 917 53, 281 2,001 3,041. 56 85.83 1.07 1. 24 1.45 .37 .33 .18 s. c .
205. 053 129, 438 8.370 3,612.13 147.45 2.71 1.81 2.38 .80 .97 .73 Ga.
234, 031 116, 801 21,287 4,476.23 406.10 12.76 3.14 1.29 .83 1.10 1.86 Fla.
649, 683 364,266 18,989 8,279. 113.32 1.77 1. 56 8.27 2.64 2.69 1.66 E. S. O.
108, 060 110,056 5,723 3,282.91 111. 80 1.96 1.75 2.25 .81 .71 , 5C K y .
195, 520 125,817 7,568 3,336.79 129.15 2. 02 2.0E 2.2E .02 .02 .66 Tenn.
130,127 86, 963 4,150 3,256. 52 104.01 1.44 1. 3E 2.2E .61 .61 .36 Ala.
55, SGS 41, 429 1, 542 3,134. BS 80. 53 .70 .88 1.50 .28 .26 .14 • Miss.
1,171, 820 700,184 62,290 3,608.30 161.01 4.05 2. 52 9.94 5.11 5.52 4.58 W; S. C.
04,054 43, 459 1,934 3,462.02 104.53 .94 . 9C 1. 58 ,2t .31 .17 Ark.
191, Cfifl 117, 242 8,172 3, 615. 45 149.90 3.83 2.50 1.04 . 8t ,9C .72 La.
190, 524 231,403 8,266 3,443.85 149. 41 3.24 2.17 1. Of .87 , 9C .72 Okla.
725, 592 408, 000 33,918 3, 694.18 172.69 5. 50 3.18 4.76 3. 09 3,42 2.07 Tex.
610,519 354,215 18,738 8,066.82 112.19 4.94 4,40 2.92 2.03 2.40 1.64 Mt.
79, 581 02.395 1, 225 2,612.02 40.32 2.26 5. 05 .42 At .37 .11 Mont.
43, 335 32.25C 692 2,763.21 44.21 1. 41 3.1? .31 .25 . 2C .0( Idaho.
35,287 26,091 1,061 2,881.32 80. 07 4. 51 5. 21 .u .10 .17 .00 Wyo.
150,102 96,034 9,010 3,441. BC 198. 50 8.41 4.21 .81 .71 .74 .70 Oolo,
42, 40£ 29,121 1,141 3,123. 67 83.95 2.7C 3. 22 .31 .21 .20 • 1C N. Mex.
62,432 43,866 1,542 3, 000. 24 74.11 3.74 6. 05 .32 .33 .21 .14 Ariz.
59,614 47,156 1,620 2, 900. 88 SI. 42 3.12 3. S3 .4C .31 .28 .14 Utah.
31,635 17,297 2,440 3,537.02 272. 79 24.16 8. 86 .08 .14 .15 .21 Nov.
2,117,170 1,290,249 86,403 3,176. 97 129. 65 9.71 7.49 6.86 10,49 9.97 7.67 Pacific and
Alaska.
295,685 107,757 8,315 2,832.01 79.66 4. 83 6.07 1.33 1.64 1.39 .73 Wash, and
Alaska.
144,034 106,342 3.252 2,780.48 62.77 3.17 5. 04 .70 .82 .68 .28 Oreg.
1,677,450 986,150 74,836 3,287.67 140. 07 12.16 8. 29 4.74 8.03 7.90 0.56 Calif,
64,826 40,039 3,709 3,726.85 213.24 9.30 4.36 .31 .27 .31 .32 Hawaii
3 Based on Census Bureau estimates as of July 1,1937. See table 13, p. 10.
Source; Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Statistics of Income, Part 1.

18S
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 191.—In c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , I n d i v i d u a l — A n a ly s is , b y N e t - I n c o m e
C lasses: 1937
[All money figures, except average tax per return, in thousands of dollars]
NET-INCOME CLASS
(THOUSANDS OF DOL­
LARS]
N u m b e r
of re tu rn s
T o ta l
Incom e
G e n e ra l
d e d u c ­
tio n s in ­
c lu d in g
c o n tr ib u ­
tio n s
N e t incom
e 1
EXEM PTIO NS FROM NORMAL TAX
Personal
exemption
and credit
for de*
pendents
Earned
income
credit
Interest
on Government
obligations
«
T o tal......................... 0,350,148 24,464,999 3,216,525 21,238,574
U n d e r 1, f r e e s.................. 208,732 341, 111 152,910 188,201
U n d e r 1, ta x e d ................. 28,411 26,685 12,484 14,200
1-2, free 3............................. 1,200,423 1,847,317 203,909 1,643,349
1-2, ta x e d ............................ 1,318,340 2,149, 647 200, 613 1.948,934
2-3, f r e e 3- , ........................ 1,120,006 3,160,543 303, 205 2,857,240
2 -3 , ta x e d ............................ 461,900- 1,271, 543 147,928 1,123,615
3 -4 , f re e 3............................. 362,777 1,303,443 106,921 1, 196, 522
3-4, ta x e d ............................ 522,193 2,070,341 260, 519 1,819,822
4-5, f r e e 3............................. 19.931 95, 649 10.456 85,093
4-6, ta x e d ............................ 346,312 1, 771,710 220,182 1, 545,528
5-8, free 3............................. 746 4,813 815 3,998
5-6, ta x e d ............................ 181,902 1,154,423 160, 400 994,023
g—i d .................................... 288,623 2,544,377 371,828 2,172,550
10-25...................................... 178,446 3.108,371 468,853 2,639,518
25-50.......... ............................ 38,948 1,560,467 241,025 1,310. 431
60-100............................ 12,318 987,107 162,846 824,261
100-150.......................... 2,269 327,123 54,850 272,204
150-300.......................... 1,358 336,396 02. G72 272,724
300-500......................... 312 148,859 31,381 117,477
500-1,000....................... 162 141.652 27, 253 114,390
1,000 and over.............. 40 103,732 18, 316 85,410
13,120, 718 1, 480, BOO 47,965
428, 842 6,460
1, 111 1, 203
2,377, 977 115,895
1.322. 698 103,020
3.207, 467 202,498
620,220 110, 740
1,225,434 04,218
1, 204,459 172,941
83,101 0, 567
870, 271 137, 573
3, 752 243 241
471, 256 82,919 3,154
737, 075 101,997 9,704
433,878 144, 682 10,426
90, 315 35,313 0,070
27, 786 11,192 f>, 220
4,901 2,019 1,608
2,013 1,137 1,030
638 230 473
363 113 118
110 38 37
PERCEN T DISTRIBUTION
NET-INCOME CLASS
(THOUSANDS OF DOL­
LARS)
Total
Normal
tax
Surtax
Total
Effective
tax rate
(percent)
Returns
Not Income
Tax
Total.. 1,141,569 334,566 307,016 179.77 6.37
Under 1, free
Under 1, taxed.-
1-2, tree1_____
1- 2, taxed..........
2- 3, free *..........
2- 3, taxed..........
3- 4, free3..........
3- 4 , taxed..........
4- 5, free A .....
4-6, taxed........
8-0, free3...........
6-6, taxed..........
0-10.— ............ .
10-25..................
25-50.................
50-100................
100-150.............
160-300..............
300-600-............
600-1,000...........
1,000 and over.
408
17,2 17,202
15,622 16,622
17.686
"21,"280
18,260
65,269
175,709
179,395
191,607
192,062
131,060
67,489
74,166
61,467
17,686
'o i’i-io
17,486
60,060
81,808
47,407
31,232
10, 551
10,706
4,646
A 552
3,400
774
14,603
93,901
181,088
103,275
91, 511
120,354
02,844
69,004
58,048
16.47
'iOo
34.67
'33.68
117 61.41
100.38
226.22
984.00
4,006.01
15,790.49
44,081.00
96,509.46
216,311.78
457,752.20.
1,254,231.29
3.30
.89
1.39
.97
"1.38
1.84
3.00
6.66
13.60
23.60
37.49
48.06
57.45
64.82
71.95
100.00 100.00 190.00
4.23 .80
.45 .07 .04
10.00 7.74
20.76 0.18 1. 51
17.64 13.45
7.12 5.29 1. 37
5.71 5.63
8.22 8. 57 1.64
.31 .40
5.45 7.28 1.86
.01 .02
2.86 4.08 1.00
4. 54 10, 23 6.72
2.81 12.43 15.31)
.61 6.21 15. 71
.10 3.88 17.04
.04 1.28 8.94
,02 1.28 11.48
w .55 5.01
.54 0.50

INCOME TAX RETURNS 189
No. 192.—In c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , C o r p o r a t i o n — S u m m a ry : 1911 t o 1938
N ote.—All money figures in thousands of dollars. Statistics aro based on taxpayers* returns as filed, unaudited
except to Insure proper execution of the returns. They include data for Alaska and Hawaii.
All corporations are required to file returns except thoso specifically exempt, such as mutual, fraternal,
civic, charitable, etc., not operating for profit. Under the Revenue Act of 1934, the privilege of filing
consolidated returns, whioh had formerly been permitted for groups of affiliated corporations, was limited
to steam and electric railroads. The Revenue Act of 1936 extended this privilege to street, suburban,
and interurban electric railways. These changes resulted in marked differences between the industrial
and the net-income or deficit classifications of returns for 1934 and subsequent years and those for 1933
and prior years and also in the distribution of returns by size-of-assots classes. Corporations are classified
industrially according to their prodominant business. Owing to the diversified activities of m any corporations,
the industrial groups include some corporations not engaged exclusively in the industries
classified. Tables showing the effect of the discontinuance of the consolidated return on the tabulated
data will ho found in Statistics of Income for 1034, P art 2
NUMBER OF RETURNS
TAX
CALENDAR
TEAR
Total
Reporting
net
income
Reporting
no
net income
2
Inactive
corporations
Not income
*
Deficit1
Total
Income
tax
War-and
excessprofits
tax
1 9 1 1 ......
1 9 1 2 .....
1 9 1 3 ......
1914-.............
1 9 1 5 .....
1 9 1 6 ...
1917 ....
1918 ....
1919 ....
1920 ....
1 9 2 1 _ ........... ..
1922 ....
1 9 2 3 ......
1 9 .2 4 ......................
1 9 2 5 ......
1 9 2 6 ......
1 9 2 7 .—
3 9 2 8 ........................
1 9 2 0 ........................
1930
1931
....
__
1 9 3 2 . ......
1 9 3 3 . ......
1 9 3 4 . ......
1 9 3 5 . ......
1 9 3 6 .........................
1 9 3 7 ......................
1 938 ( p r e l . ) ___
288,352
305,336
316,909
7 299, 445
7 366, 443
341, 253
351,420
317,579
320,198
345, 505
356, 307
382,883
398,033
417, 421
430, 072
455, 320
475, 031
495,892
509,436
518,736
516,404
508,636
504,080
528,898
533,631
530,779
529,097
520,500
3 55.129
a 01,116
188,866
174, 205
190,911
206, 984
232. 070
202, 061
200, 634
203, 233
171, 239
212, 535
233, 839
236, 889
252, 334
258,134
259,849
268, 783
269,430
221,420
175,898
82,646
109,786
145,101
164,231
203,161
192,028
160,885
1 233,223
* 244, 220
128, 043
125, 240
175, 532
134, 269
119, 347
115, 518
110, 564
142, 362
185,158
170,348
105, 504
181, 032
177, 738
197,186
165, 826
174,828
186,691
241,616
283,806
369,238
337, 056
324,703
312,882
275, 696
285,810
301,146
49, 356
52,281
53,415
55.700
56.700
66,762
57,238
59,004
56,618
51,922
61,269
49,460
3,503,000
4,161, 000
4,714, 000
3,940, 000
5, 310, 000
8, 765,909
10, 730, 360
8, 301, 511
9, 411, 418
7,902, 655
4, 336, 048
6, 963,811
8, 321, 529
7, 586,652
0,583, 684
0, 673, 403
8,081,884
10,617,741
11,653,886
0, 428,813
3,683,368
2,153,113
2,985,072
4, 275,197
6,104,723
9,478, 241
9,634,837
0,525,989
« 28, 583 «28, 583
* 35, 006 « 35,006
t
o 43,128 «43,128
• 30, 145 « 30,145
A « 56,994 « 56,904
056,904 171,805 171,805
629, 008 2,142, 446 503, 098
089,772 3,158, 764 653,108
995,546 2,175, 342 743,536
2, 029,424 1, 625, 235 636,508
3,878, 210 701,576 366,444
2, 193, 776 783,776 775,310
2. 013, 555 937.100 937, 106
2, 223, 926 881,550 881,550
1, 962, 628 1,170,331 1, 170,331
2,168,710 1,229,797 1,229,797
2,471,739 1,130,674 1,130,674
2,391, 124 1,184,142 1,184,142
2,914,128 1,193,436 1,193,436
4,877,595 711,704 711,704
6,970,913 398,994 308,994
7,796,687 286, 576 285,576
5. 533,339 423,008 416,093
4,181,027 596,048 688,375
3,468,774 735, 125 710,156
2,152,024 •1,191,378 »1,169,765
2,280,846 •1,276,172 81,232,837
2,853,093 • 859,566 »853,578
1,688,748
2, 505,666
1,431,806
088,726
335, 132
8, 466
8 6,076
8 7,673
8 24,969
8 21,613
8 43,335
8 5,988
1 For 1935 and prior years, net income or deficit represents amount for income tax computation. For
1936 and later years, not incomo or deficit represents amount for excess-profits tax computation and Includes
dividends received on stock of domestic corporations subject to taxation under title 1 of the effective rovenno
acts and interest received on certain Government obligations subject to excess-profits tax and excludes
contributions or gifts (limited to 5 percent of net income before deduction of contributions or gifts).
2 Includes inactive concerns prior to 1927. 8 Returns showing net income in excess of $5,000 exemption.
1 R eturns showing net income not in excess of $5,000 exomptlon or deficit. 8 N ot available.
• Receipts for year ended Juno 30 following year in stub as reported by Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
Figures shown for 1911 and 1912 and $10,671,000 of the amount shown for 1013 are excise tax receipts.
7 Figures for 1015 contain approximately 32,000 returns which properly belong in 1014.
8 Excess-profits tax (effective June 30, 1933, under provisions of the National Industrial Recovery Act).
• Includes surtax on undistributed profits according to provisions of Rovenue Act of 1936.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Statistics of Income, Part 2.

1 9 0 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
N o . 1 9 3 . I n c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , C o r p o r a t io n — A n a l y s i s ,
Nora.—All money figures in thousands of dollars, For amount of “net loss for prior year" allowed as
................ - See also headnpte,
DIVISION, STATE,
OH TERRITORY
1927-.
1928..
1929-
1930-
1931-
1932-
1933.
1934.
1935.
1937......................
New England......
Maine...............
NewHampshiro
Vermont_____
Massachusetts..
Rhode Island...
Connecticut__
Middle Atlantic- -
New York____
Now Jersey...
Pennsylvania..
Hast North Central
Ohio.................
Indiana--.........
Illinois.-.........
Michigan.........
Wisconsin........
West North. Central.................
Minnesota..
Iowa...............
Missouri..........
NorthDalcota..
South Dakota..
Nebraska...
Kansas..............
South Atlantic___
Delaware.
Maryland ..
Hist. of Col.
Virginia............
West Virginia..
North Carolina.
South Carolina.
Georgia...........
Florida........... .
East South Central...............
.
Kentucky........
Tennossec........
Alabama..........
^Mississippi___
West South Central................
Arkansas.........
Louisiana......
Oklahoma___
Texas..............
Mountain............
Montana........
Tdaho...............
Wyoming........
Colorado..........
New Mexico...
Arizona....... .
Utah............
_ Nevada........
Pacifto______
Washington..
Oregon........ .
California...
Alaska____ _
Hawaii____ _
Total
number
of returns
m , 031
495,892
509,430
518,736
510,404
508,636
504,080
528,898
533,631
530,779
629,097
41,842
3,787
1.429
1,182
22,548
3,498
9,398
278,393
121,825
27,481
27,087
107,395
26,483
12,012
30,281
16,424
15,595
47,563
10,637
7,910
15,157
2,439
2,348
4,511
4,561
48,356
3,177
6,212
2,847
6,832
4,505
6,020
3,413
5,600
9,750
16,0S5
4,961
5,073
3,572
2.429
30, 588
2,551
6,382
5, 591
16,074
18,273
2,092
2,160
1,190
6,071
1,032
1,497
2,691
940
41,588
11, 072
5,395
25,320
246
808
J No income data reported,
Number
reporting
net
income
Percent
of total
number
of returns
259,849 64.70
268,783 54.20
269,430 62.89
221,420 42. OS
175,808 34.06
82,046 1G. 25
109,786 21,78
145,101 27.44
104, 231 30.78
203,161 38.28
192, 028 36. 29
16,004 36. 80
1,312 34. D4
624 43.07
482 40.78
8,034 35.03
1,164 33.28
3,388 36.06
50, 580 28.88
33,341 27.37
7,091 25.80
10,154 37.49
43,903 40.88
11,790 44. 52
5,163 40.94
13, 823 38.10
6,860 41.77
6,267 40.19
IB, 219 38.31
4,114 38.68
3,266 41.15
6,884 38.82
630 25.83
663 27.81
1,026 30.05
2,067 45.10
21,312 44.07
1,606 60. 62
2,619 40. 55
1,219 42.82
3,220 47,26
2,213 49.12
3, 145 52.24
1,653 45.50
2,626 46.89
3,203 32.86
7,368 45. 95
2,345 47.27
2,356 46.44
1,542 43.17
1,125 46.32
13,352 43.64
1,178 46,18
2,689 42.13
% 234 39,96
7,251 45.11
0,477 35.45
930 34.88
004 32.13
606 42.52
2,030 33.44
462 44.77
563 37.61
1, OOS 37.40
275 29.26
15,168 38.47
3,615 32.65
1,848 34. 25
9,705 38.03
106 43,00
633 65. 97
RETURNS WITH NET INCOME
Gross income
2
115,324, 340
127,369, 525
129,633, 792
89,561,495
52,051,035
31,707, 963
46,752, 366
62,920, 954
77,441, 606
104,763,755
108, 989, 095
7,040, 729
312,183
179,042
115,149
4,060,493
519,030
1,854,232
38,405,084
27,611,532
2,831,569
9,052,583
31,334,461
7,822,207
1, 654,860
11,405,620
8, 420, 984
2,030,890
6, 858, 030
1,820,448
777, 572
2,878, 862
73, 659
77,087
432,455
595,947
8,114,368
1,664,258
1,134,486
453, 204
988,325
681,886
1,337, 685
430, 311
888,360
535,851
2, 411,254
907, 035
828,127
463,431
212,601
&, 563,825
24.6,553
859, 373
1,215,198
3,242,701
1,521, n s
150, 954
122, 328
48, 456
572,856
73, 559
135, 008
233, m
184,033
6, 569, OSS
914, 624
435,038
5,219,431
10,813
271,649
Expenses
and deductions
106,342,465
.116, 751, 784
117, 979, 006
83,132, 082
48,367, 667
29, 554,850
43, 766, 394
58,045, 757
72,276, 783
95,285, 514
99,354, 258
0. 510, 709
287, 689
165,636
1Q7, 547
3,769,934
477,156
1,702,747
35, 581,833
24, 767,486
2, 477,324
8, 337,023
29,019,781
7,220,663
1, 533,714
10, 624,573
7, 740,756
1,900,175
0, 224, 002
1, 714,762
731,146
2,661,078
71,217
74,424
405,088
567,187
7,023,823
1,133,170
1,011,967
411,009
880,138
628,830
1, 232, 120
403,860
827,174
405,555
2, 283, 226
850.214
778.899
433.899
200.214
5,135,192
232,546
791,493
1,116,493
2,994,660
1,402,014
142,209
110,125
45,008
516,265
69,484
127,243
216,132
175,458
5,952, SOS
848,060
412,489
4,091,444
9,555
230,330
Net income
2
Total
Tax
Income
8,981,884 1,130,674 1,130,674
10, 017, 741 1,184,142 1,184,142
11,653,880 1,193,436 1,193, 436
6, 428, 813 711, 704 711,704
3,083,368 398,994 398,994
2,153,113 285, 676 285, 576
% 985,972 423, 008 416,093
4,275,107 * 596, 048 588,375
5,164,723 * 735,126 710,156
9,478.241 1,189,765
9,634,837

INCOME TAX RETURNS 191
1027 to 1937, a n d b y S t a t e s and T erritories, 1937
a deduction from not income in computing taxable net incomes for 1027 to 1032, soe table 108, p. 198,
table 192 ____________________________ ___ ______________
RETURNS WITH NET
INCOME— con.
T a x - Percent
Con. distri-
Excess
profits
of total
tax
Number
reporting
no net
income
RETURNS. WITH NO NET INCOME
Percent
of total
number
of returns
Gross income1
Expenses
and deductions
Deficit3
INACTIVE COR­
PORATIONS 1
Percent
Number
of number
oftotal
returns of returns
STATE,
OR TERRI-
TORT
165, S20 34,91 29,074,012 31,545,761 2,471,730 49,356 10.30 1927,
174,828 35.26 25, 411,989 27,803,114 2,391,124 52,281 10.54 1028,
186,691 36.63 30,987,717 33,901,846 2, OH, 128 53,416 10.49 1929,
241,016 46. 68 40,500,564 51, 378,159 4,877,505 55.700 10.74 1030.
283,806 54.96 55,464,204 82,436,117 6,970, 018 50.700 10. 98 103).
369, 238 72. 69 49,375,775 57,172,461 7,796,687 56,762 11.16 1032.
6,976 100,00 337,056 66.87 30,890.055 42,423,394 6,533,339 57,238 11.35 1033,
47, 673 100.00 324, 703 61.39 37,010,200 42,001,326 4,181,027 59,004 11.17 1934.
424,969 100.00 312,882 58.03 36,404,664 39,063,438 3,408,774 66,618 10.59 1935.
21, 613 100.00 276, 006 51.94 27, 514,178 29, 606. 202 2,162,024 51,022 9.78 1936.
43,335 100.00 285,810 54.02 32,977,931 35,258,827 2,280,846 51,259 9.69 1937.
2,655 5. 76 24,155 57.73 3,022,730 3,249,057 220,277 2,683 6.41 H .E ,
70 .25 2,040 63.87 202,044 216,806 13,802 435 11,49 Maine.
97 .16 759 53.11 57,282 59,877 2,614 46 3.22 N. H.
61 ,10 642 64. 31 52,372 55,680 3,317 58 4.01 Vt.
1, 260 3.02 13,191 58. 50 1,852,242 1,980,000 127,758 1,323 5.87 Mass.
442 .60 2,063 68.08 273,252 285, G17 12,365 271 7.75 R . I ,
735 1. 74 5,460 68.10 584,708 651,008 66,361 560 5.85 Conn.
13, 603 36.69 112,030 63. 51 12, 992, 545 13,937,608 945, 060 13,777 7.81 Mid. Atl.
8,886 26.10 70,704 65. 60 9,363,880 10,012, 507 048, 620 8,690 7.13 N. Y.
823 2. 97 18, ISO 66.18 1, 426, 500 1,552,968 127, 468 2,204 8.02 N. J.
3,804 7.62 14,050 51.87 2, 203,105 2,372,187 168, 972 2,883 10.04 P a .
11, 400 88.19 52,483 48.87 7,602,397 8,053,463 451, 069 11,009 10.25 X, N . D.
3, 444 6. 95 13,132 40.50 1, 640, 586 1, 740,090 03, 613 1,501 5. 89 Ohio.
685 1. 31 5, 745 45. 55 505,503 535,026 30, 332 1,704 13.51 Ind.
3,030 9.51 18,607 51.20 4,020, 226 4, 230, 745 207, 610 3,851 10.61 in .
l r 934 8.40 7,717 46.00 875, 543 951,481 75,930 1,847 11.25 Mich.
1, 411 1.82 7,282 46,00 545,449 589, 215 43, 760 2,046 13.12 Wis.
2,504 6.07 23,212 48.80 2, 017,833 3,110,180 192.346 6,132 12,89 W. N, 0.
607 1.19 4,000 46. 63 754, 043 804,044 49,100 1,563 14.69 M ina.
324 .5 5 3,350 42.47 383,807 405,208 21, 401 1,290 16.38 Iowa.
1,270 2.63 7,008 50. 59 1,195,824 1,200,615 04, 791 1,605 10. 59 Mo.
20 .03 1,334 64.60 42,008 45,158 2,250 475 19.48 N. Dak.
9 .03 1,348 57. 41 48,178 50,705 2,527 347 14.78 S. Dak.
108 .31 2,819 51. 41 163,446 176,200 11,815 666 12.55 Nebr.
1G8 .33 2,224 48. 76 328,728 339,100 10,402 280 6.14 Hans.
8, 362 9.38 22, 871 47.30 2, 146, 957 2,294,900 147, 942 4,173 8.63 S. Atl.
374 3.10 1,174 36, 95 134,477 150,088 15,611 398 12.53 Del.
456 1.22 2,076 47.89 532,787 500,533 36,705 718 U. 56 M d.
101 .42 1,403 49.28 247,764 254, G56 6,802 225 7.90 D. O.
308 1. 23 3,184 46.00 235.861 258,065 22,214 410 6.13 Va.
4SS .65 2,034 45.15 168,317 181,907 13,590 258 6.73 W. Va.
445 1.25 2,578 42.82 214,545 224,329 . 9,785 297 4.03 N. C.
369 .39 1,014 47.29 119,821 126,603 6,872 246 7.21 S. 0.
386 .71 2,722 48.61 230,260 243,058 12,798 252 4.50 Ga.
347 .41 5,187 63.20 263,186 286,571 23,385 1,360 13.95 Fla,
1,217 1.82 7,644 47.06 630,022 666,604 36,562 i , m 7.00 E. S. O.
401 .69 2,282 46.00 108,305 204,591 11,196 334 6. 73 Ky.
381 .61 2,380 47.03 233,258 245,744 12,486 331 6.52 Tenn.
291 .37 1,704 49,38 133,143 140,700 7,657 266 7.45 Ala.
144 .15 1,112 45.78 70,226 76,569 5,343 102 7.90 Miss.
3,237 4.92 14,233 46.62 1,211,132 1,307,250 96,117 3.013 9.85 W. S. O.
137 .16 1,141 44.73 75,025 79,096 3,471 232 0.09 Ark.
456 .76 3,098 48.54 225,259 238, 940 13,089 505 9.32 La.
498 1.09 2,824 50.51 818,242 343,164 24,922 533 9.63 Okla.
2,140 2.01 7,170 44.61 592.006 646,042 54,035 1,053 10.28 Tex.
817 1.25 8,526 46.66 500,068 633,993 43,924 3,271 17.90 Mt.
43 .10 1,423 52.80 00,663 74,562 4,S99 330 12.26 M ont.
181 .14 791 36.62 32,795 35,744 2,040 075 31.25 Idaho.
39 .03 560 47.06 21 000 22.318 1,267 124 10.42 W y o .
292 .69 3,001 40.43 231,072 253,772 22,100 1,040 17.13 Colo.
43 .05 429 41.57 18,037 19,951 1,314 141 13.66 N . Mex.
81 .09 680 45.42 43,276 46,066 2,791 254 16.97 Anz,.
120 .10 1,226 45.56 77,428 84,035 0,007 457 16.98 Utah.
18 .0 6 415 44.15 95,537 97,545 2,007 250 20.00 Nev.
4,320 6.51 20,409 49.07 1,830,434 1,969, 693 139,269 6,011 14.46 Paoiflo.
405 .07 5,360 48.32 312,410 338,557 20,147 2,107 19.03 Wash.
200 .27 2,779 51.50 222,574 237,133 14,569 769 14.26 Oreg.
3,655 5.67 12,280 48.80 1,295,450 1,394,003 98,653 3,135 12.48 Calif.
21 .01 98 39.84 4,510 4,831 321 42 17.07 Alaska.
140 .40 250 30.94 20,303 31, 253 1.950 25 3.00 Hawaii.
>See note 1, table 102.

1 9 2 NATIONAL SOVEENMESra: FINANCES
No. 194, In c o m e T a x B e t u r n s } C o r p o r a t i o n , b y S t a t e s a n d T e r r i t o r i e s *
1934 t o 1937
[All figures in thousands of dollar*. See headnote, table 192]
DIVISION, STATE,
OR TERRITORY
N ET INCOME (CORPORATIONS REPO RTING
N E T IQ D N M E)1
1634 1936 1236 1937 1031
TOTAL INCOME AND EX C ESS-PR O FITS TAX*
1935 1930 1937
Total..
N ew England.
M aine_____
Vermont_____
Massachusetts.
Rhode Island..
Connecticut__
M iddle Atlantic.
New York___
New Jersey...
Pennsylvania.
E&at North Central. 1,021,888 1,387,898 2,348,161
Ohio......................
2,814,679 142,787
- 269,674 324,748 585,888
Indiana.................
601,644 36,329
- CO,116 82,779 128,287
Illinois..................
121,146 8,485
- 368,385 401,603 793,017
Michigan.............
780,047 51,500
- 282,682 460,520 720,735
Wisconsin...........
680,228 39' 187
- 51,209 02,182 120, 224 130, 714 7,19a
West North Central..
M innesota..____
Iowa______ ____
Missouri____ I ’.]
N orth Dakota___
South Dakota__ .
Nebraska______
Kansas_________
South Atlantic______
D elaw are..._____
M aryland______
D ist, of Columbia. - 22,871 27,023 40, 287
Virginia.................
42,195 3] 194
- 54,082 56,778 94,764
West Virginia.......
108,187 i 018
29,008 34,388 53,120 53,056
North Carolina...
4' 030
05, 500 70,243 103,821
South Carolina__
105,565 125
14,109 11,774
Georgia___ ____
22,920 26,451 L966
35,120 26,083 63,953 61,180 4,901
Florida........ ......... - 10,458 22,106 40,840 40,296 2i 346
East South Central... 88,098 08, 90S 158, 570
Kentucky.______
148,037
43,078
12,306
46,686 67,875
Tennessee______
56,820
28, 511
e| 147
33,141 53,267
Alabama_______
49,228
10, 940
4,012
11,121
Mississippi_____
25,291 29,532 l ’ 568
4, 070 6,015 12,137 12,447 662
West South Central..
Arkansas_______
Louisiana.............
Oklahoma______
Texas__________
Mountain.........
M ontana___
Idaho______
Wyoming__
Colorado.......
New Mexico.
Arizona.........
U tah..............
Nevada........
Pacific_____...
Washington..
Oregon_____
California.-...
Alaska..
Hawaii.,
4,275,197 6, 164,723 9, 478,241 9,634, 837 696,048
285,294 364,280 574, 503 530,023 40,947
12,038 13,410 22,357 24,405 1,770
7,760 7,074 10, 716 18,407 1,074
4,005 4,787 6,601 7,602 557
177,305 223,173 350,995 290,559 24,604
20,307 25,398 40,184 42,474 2,827
73,210 90,438 143,740 151,486 10,115
- 1,089,217 1,977,382 3, 739,043 3, 913,851 234,854
-1,191,532 1,447,030 2,090,810 2,844,040 105,793
- 107,161 180,725 373,429 354,245 23,171
- 330,624 349,027 674,798 715, 560 45i 890
- 273,608 377,641 478,067 431,129 38,304
59,810 08,070 123,540 105,687 8,387
27,254 34,031 50, 225 46,426 3j 841
- 142,891 134,044 222,864 217,784 19,917
2,083 2,236 2, C80 2,442 298
1,736 2,206 3,410 2.6G3 249
19,905 15,994 32,674 27,368 2,701
16,990 20,800 42,674 28,759 2,821
387, 087 433, 369 1,041, 403 1,090, 543 53,040
93,329 128,568 400,945 531,088 13', 027
55,948 55, 806 124,717 122, 519 7,724
- 170,009 208,835 370,411 428, 634 25,231
8,002 7,101 13,313 14,007 859
31,487 35,823 02,750 67,880
49,076 01,861 81,217 08,703
92, 504 103,850 213,131 248,041 13,061
- 60,955 74,440 123, 488 119,176 8,464
5, 520 8,022 10,609 8,745 ‘ 787
3, 600 8,435 10,373 12,202 521
- 1,413 1,922 2,757 3,358 200
32, 985 38,338 60, 733 56,590 4,039
2,069 2,151 4,217 4,075 297
3, 278 4,401 6,478 7,765 472
7,608 9,358 10, 532 17,807 1,062
3,403 3, 213 11,780 8,574 '486
. 263,000 312,143 598,178 616, 202
. Jil, /04
30, 701
32,449 63,898 65,665
0, 235
3,037
13,830 24,911 22,550 1 203
228,691 285,864 507,369 527,987 31,831
550 830 910 1,257 82
10, 580 31, 236 47,421 41, 319 2,290
1 See note 1, table 192.
3 Includes surtax on undistributed profits for 1936 and 1037
Source; Treasury Department, Bureau ol Internal Keveuue; Statistics of Income, Part 2.
736, 125 1,191,378 1, 270, 172
51, 598 75,010 73, 559
1,910 2,828 3, 236
1,001 1,538 1,910
677 1,007 1,294
31,810 43,938 38, 515
3,576 5,606 8,329
12,624 20,033 22,275
277,381 420,279 408,291
202,888 294, 505 333,042
25,242 41,041 37,959
49,231 83,833 97,290
202,333 sia, 794 359,766
46,168 82,892 88,052
12,102 10, 528 19, 298
00,302 115,008 121,414
68,915 109,158 107,232
8,840 10, 308 23, 170
30, 289 05,183 64, 651
9,068 15,241 15,175
4,972 7,021 6,987
18,833 31,719 33, 606
332 349 337
315 448 357
2,269 4,750 4,025
2,000 5,655 4,104
61,224 112, 022 119, 858
18,265 37,183 39, 018
7,809 14,524 15,544
3,833 5,930 5,414
7,0G3 14,539 15,058
4,863 7,439 8, 275
9,817 15,302 15,938
1,660 3,709 4,900
3,802 8,737 8,994
3,212 5, 259 5,251
13, 785 24, 549 03, 230
0, 592 10, 557 8,810
4,732 8,205 7,S28
1, 592 3,932 4,753
860 1,854 1,839
29,945 61, 330 62,721
1,023 1,830 2,010
5,236 8,347 9,053
8,830 11,013 13,939
14.850 30,140 37, 119
10,048 18,181 15, 930
1,240 1,546 2,254
007 1,397 1,780
. 277 357 464
5,470 8,354 7,586
313 542 570
642 881 1,120
1,331 2,015 2,378
450 1,039 785
44,404 78, 780 83,077
4,058 7,971 8,540
1, 998 3, 674 3,490
37,810 62,115 71,038
126 131 186
4, 350 5,591 5,099

INCOME TAX RETURNS 193
No. 195.— I n c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , C o r p o r a t i o n , b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s :
1930 t o 1937
N ote.—All money figures in thousands of dollars. See headnote, table 192. Inactive corporations are
excluded. For 1933 to 1937 total tax includes excess-profits tax, and for 1936 and 1937, surtax on undistributed
profits. See also note 4, table 193
YEAR
RETURNS WITH NET INCOME
N um ber
Net i n ­
c o m e 1
Total tax Number
All corporations
RETURNS WITH
NO NET INCOME
Deficit > Number
RETURNS WITH NET INCOME
Net income
1
RETURNS WITH
NO NET INCOME
Total tax Number Deficit1
Agriculture and related industries
Ift30_— 221,420 6,428,813 711,704 241,016 4,877,606 3,475 40,484 4,041 6,431 86,370
1931— 176,808 3,683,368 398,094 283,806 6,070,913 2,546 14,002 1,201 7,364 98,778
1 0 3 2 ... 82,646 2,153,113 285,576 369,238 7,796,687 1,163 5,070 676 8,615 04,062
1933— 109,786 2,985,972 423,068 337,056 5,533,339 1,443 14,894 2,157 7,818 60,212
1934— 145,101 4,276,197 596,048 324,703 4,181,027 1,096 30,672 4,278 7,331 85.272
1935— 164,231 5,164,723 735,125 312,882 3,408,774 2,321 43,901 6,196 6,734 40,253
1936— 203,101 9,478,241 1,191,378 275,006 2,152,024 2,020 65,837 8,983 6,025 32,707
1937— 192,028 9 ,634,837 1,276,172 285,810 2,280,846 2,636 57,320 7,838 6,067 33,583
Mining and quarrying
Manufacturing--Total
1 0 3 0 ... 4 ,700 194,118 21,474 7,533 238,459 40,641 2,767,508 316,992 60,863 1,030,844
1 6 3 1 ... 3 ,8 3 2 71,154 7,211 8,291 325,963 30,270 1,404,619 165,311 68,815 2,287,589
1932___ 2 ,868 62,676 7,445 9,178 287,042 14,985 757,501 99,949 72,931 2,503,865
1 0 3 3 ... 2,982 71,680 10,201 8,806 248,127 26,354 1,460,632 207,302 62) 295 1, 266,686
1934— 4 ,4 6 0 166,003. 21,884 9,083 105,873 34,023 1,006,104 265,943 67,260 920,180
1935— 4 ,5 2 7 162,936 22,916 9,188 173,879 37,976 2,482,773 356,883 63,700 666.320
1930— 5,148 300,048 38,012 8,042 124,140 46,926 4,072,531 607,602 46,104 370,093
1937— 5,083 427,621 60,859 8,484 128,368 41,974 4,127,465 852,271 50,006 424,344
Manufacturing—Continued
Food products8 Liquors and beverages *
1030 . 7,897 430,451 49,860 0,328 128,498
1 0 3 1 .. 6, 466 32Q, 910 30* 823 7,524 20§i 478
1G 32... 3, 029 199,387 2 5 ,2 0 1 1 0 ,0 5 3 207,2 1 1
1033— 4,247 264, 606 37,537 7; 934 86,’ 428 898 73,363 10, 696 1,648 14,176
1 0 3 4 -.. 5,374 302,328 42,410 7,150 51,130 1,368 97,048 13,820 1,540 16,723
1 6 3 5 ... 5, 312 317, 671 45,254 7,283 55,807 1,466 107,824 16, 731 1,481 16, 355
1036— 6,233 417, 565 60,076 6,028 37, 743 1,767 176,013 28,803 1,294 13,324
1937— 5,300 286,098 40,706 6,040 63,804 1,633 102,769 20,080 1,478 18, 421
Tobacco products Textile mill products >
1 0 3 0 ... 196 143, 788 17,216 197 0,056 5,078 105,610 11,122 8, 753 369, 690
1931— 155 142,494 17,000 211 5, 006 4,875 77,830 7,351 9, 603 342, 637
1932— 114 188,399 19,061 256 5,151 2,467 41,052 5,047 11, 872 332, 249
1933— 122 66,224 0,006 261 14,893 5, 664 203,733 28, 774 0, 310 96, 838
1934— 131 96, 296 13,246 245 2,086 5, 682 141,702 19, 706 9, 741 124, 914
1 0 3 6 ... 139 09, 419 13, 714 228 1,221 6,120 171,425 24,604 9, 254 100, 258
1 0 3 6 ... 163 127, 908 18,432 211 . 1,108 3,003 221,004 30,036 3, 782 44, 055
1 9 3 7 ... 140 126,648 18,646 213 2,040 3, 013 160,320 27,153 4, 490 69,374
Clothing and apparel8
Leather and Its manufactures
1930 . . 894 38,691 4, 389 1, 615 04,124
1931 . . 754 30,091 3, 340 1, 487 04, 737
1932 -- 468 18,687 2,404 1,816 61, 797
1933 . . 973 47,586 6,740 1, 805 20, 701
1934 . . 976 36,468 5, 084 1. 308 17, 645
1936 1,000 47,766 6, 766 1, 268 Q, 009
1936--- 8,633 56.344 8,677 4,455 14,044 I) 200 60,047 7,791 1,144 14; 272
1 9 3 7 ... 2,760 32,845 5,104 5,120 19,030 1,023 34,601 5,257 1,811 13, 664
Rubber, bone, celluloid, and ivory produots
Forest products
1 9 3 0 ... 227 12.242 1,336 354 68,876 2,340 35,825 3, 591 4,868 152, 460
1931— 174 14,004 1, 371 361 38,154 1, 525 14,966 1, 379 5,150 109,138
1 9 3 2 ... 96 2,770 301 426 41,517 541 , 5,271 600 6, 029 212, 389
1033— 215 13, 339 1,919 330 10,000 1,638 22,745 3, 272 4,882 95,335
1034— 267 14,976 2,114 340 10,560 1,812 27,210 3, 806 726 76, 708
1035— 286 30,119 4,464 312 0,989 2, 384 37,068 5,443 4,100 53, 628
1 0 3 0 ... 330 54,771 8, 639 259 3,183 3,145 80,841 13, 257 3,360 37, 950
1937— 320 47,454 6,372 294 3,712 3,102 93,569 14, 485 8, 373 25, 040
I For definition of net income and deficit, see note 1, table 192.
II “ Food products" includes “Liquors and boverages,” for years prior to 1933.
* "Textile mill products” includes "Clothing and apparel,” for years prior to 1938.

1 9 4 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 195.— In c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , C o r p o r a t i o n , b t I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s :
1930 t o 1937— Continued
[A ll m o n e y f ig u r e s i n t h o u s a n d s o f d o lla rs ]
RETURNS WITH NET
INCOME
RETURNS WITH NO
NET INCOME
RETURNS WITH NET INCOME
RETURNS WITH NO
NET INCOME
YEAR
N u m b e c J
T o ta l
ta x
N u m b e r D e f i c i t 1 N u m b e r
N e t i n ­
c o m e i
T o t a l
t a x
N u m b e r
D e f i c i t i
M a n u f a c t u r i n g — C o n tin u e d
P a p e r , p u lp , a n d p r o d u c ts
P r i n tin g , p u b lis h in g , a n d a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s
1930 1 ,1 ______________
1 4 73,641
1931 ______________
332 37,472
1 932 ______________
473 1 6 ,6 0 0
1933 ______________
993 5 2 ,3 5 6
1 934 1 ,2 ______________
0 8 8 0 ,8 8 9
1 0 3 5 . . 1 ,2 . 9 6 92,321
1 9 3 6 .. 1 ,4 . 4 0 123, 346
1 9 3 7 . . 1 ,3 . 8 3 140,044
8,475
4,239
2 ,2 3 7
7,419
11,334
12,952
10,630
23,439
953
1,200
1 ,5 8 2
1 ,1 0 6
1 ,0 3 2
938
848
807
3 0 ,3 7 9
6 3 ,7 7 0
8 1 ,0 7 5
3 6 ,0 0 0
2 8 ,4 1 8
3 1 ,9 0 4
1 5 ,8 1 0
1 2 ,0 3 0
6,098
4, 593
iU 5 5
2, 713
4,490
4, 895
5 ,4 6 9
5,117
170,137
115,795
5 8 ,8 0 4
71,079
117,465
140,037
188,475
183,821
1 9 ,0 4 1
1 2 ,8 9 5
7 ,7 9 5
9 ,9 7 7
1 6 ,3 4 9
1 9 ,7 1 8
2 7 ,8 2 2
2 7 ,5 4 4
5 ,2 7 1
0 ,8 1 0
9 ,5 1 0
8 ,8 8 6
7 .6 1 8
7 ,4 9 5
6 ,8 1 1
7 ,0 7 9
54, 512
7 7 ,8 0 2
9 6 ,1 7 0
57, 917
6 4 ,1 5 3
45, 978
2 8 ,4 7 5
36, 776
C h e m ic a ls a n d a llie d p r o d u c t s 1 P e tr o le u m a n d o t h e r m i n e r a l o il p r o d u c t s 4
1 9 3 0 .. 3 ,2 . 8 7
1 9 3 1 .. 2 ,7 . 0 7
1 9 3 2 .. 1,741 .
1 9 3 3 .. 2 ,4 . 5 8
1 9 3 4 .. 3 ,0 . 4 9
1 9 3 5 .. 3 ,1 . 5 6
1 9 3 6 .. 3 ,3 . 0 3
1 9 3 7 .. 3 ,1 . 0 7
5 34,077
251,493
1 67,778
2 72,900
324,031
368,1 2 8
479,278
4 57,119
62,961
29,409
22,644
38,775
45,170
51,269
65,142
64,144
3 ,7 2 7
4 ,0 4 7
5 ,3 1 5
4 ,6 9 6
4 ,5 5 9
4 ,3 5 0
3, 508
3 ,6 7 6
1 7 5 ,4 5 9
3 1 8 ,8 6 4
2 2 3 ,2 6 6
189,2 1 3
178,5 4 3
1 1 4 ,3 3 1
1 8 ,7 6 9
1 9 ,0 6 2
357
324
224,627
300,815
23, 071
3 4 ,9 5 1
389
381
2 1 ,1 1 0
2 1 ,2 5 7
S to n e , c la y , a n d g la s s p r o d u c ts M e ta l a n d i t s p r o d u c t s ‘
1 9 3 0 . . 1,805 .
1 9 3 1 .. 1,149 .
1 9 3 2 .. . 424
1 9 3 3 .. . 642
1 9 3 4 .. . 097
1 9 3 5 .. 1,253 .
1 9 3 6 .. 1,781 .
1 9 3 7 .. 1,684 .
9 2 ,8 1 2
41, G83
1 3 ,2 7 0
3 4 ,7 6 2
61,751
8 8 ,6 9 5
161,5 1 6
161,524
10,487
4 ,6 1 4
1 ,7 6 0
4 ,0 1 2
8 ,6 5 0
12,666
24,507
26,486
2 ,7 ^ 3
3 ,0 7 6
3 ,6 8 5
3 ,1 8 6
2 ,7 4 7
2 ,5 2 4
2 ,0 1 5
2 ,2 6 3
5 3 ,3 7 4
7 9 ,1 7 1
110,0 9 8
55, 635
3 6 ,5 2 7
3 1 ,2 1 6
1 6 ,6 0 7
1 7 ,4 1 6
8,188
4,744
1,917
4,291
6,844
8,420
10,467
10,491
1 ,0 0 3 ,0 2 0
355,221
71,098
287,192
535,147
874,503
1,1 1 3 ,9 2 0
1,3 8 1 ,3 5 0
116,149
40, 624
9 ,5 5 8
4 0 ,9 4 2
7 4 ,4 1 5
128,4 4 2
175, 431
240,821
1 1 ,9 0 4
1 4 ,1 7 4
16,1 9 1
1 3 ,8 4 9
12,4 3 7
1 0 ,7 0 2
8 ,5 6 3
8 ,7 7 5
4 0 0 ,3 7 5
7 6 0 ,9 5 1
1 ,0 5 4 , 566
4 0 4 ,1 2 6
2 7 8 ,4 2 1
1 6 9 ,1 0 8
74, 915
7 0 ,7 2 7
M o t o r v e h ic le s , c o m p le te o r p a r t s 4
M a n u f a c t u r i n g —-A ll o t h e r
1 9 3 0 .. .
1 9 3 1 ...
1 9 3 2 ..
1 9 3 3 ..
1 9 3 4 ..
1 9 3 5 ..
1 9 3 0 .. 367
1 9 3 7 .. 381
433,348
415,814
66,174
65,726
390
426
1 1 ,6 6 4
1 3 ,0 4 7
2,918
. 2,206
960
1 ,5 0 0
1,825
2,144
2 ,3 7 8
2,166
105,216
56,661
24,377
51,736
70,192
108,897
155,987
136,668
1 1 ,7 5 6
6, 201
3 ,2 7 3
7 ,4 8 2
9 ,8 3 7
1 5 ,8 6 1
23, 576
2 3 ,2 7 0
4 ,2 8 0
5 ,2 7 2
5, 606
4 ,8 4 2
3 ,7 6 7
3, 076
3 ,0 4 7
3 ,3 1 9
1 3 4 ,4 4 3
1 4 3 ,3 7 5
138, 367
8 5 ,1 7 5
41, 456
3 0 , 433
17, 878
20, 430
C o n s tr u c t i o n
T r a n s p o r ta tio n a n d o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s
1 9 3 0 ..
1 9 3 1 ..
1 9 3 2 ..
1 9 3 3 ..
1 9 3 4 ..
1 9 3 5 ..
1 9 8 6 ..
1 0 3 7 ..
8,871
6,457
2,115
2,140
3,353
4 ,2 4 2
6,202
6,103
150,548
80,6 9 9
30,6 9 1
23,638
31,6 9 4
40,260
74,130
8 4 ,4 6 3
15,210
7 ,6 2 5
3 ,6 3 9
3 ,4 4 1
4 ,5 4 8
7 ,4 8 2
11,773
14,617
9, 674
1 1 ,6 7 5
1 5 ,2 0 4
1 4 ,1 1 2
1 2 ,5 8 8
1 1 ,8 0 8
10,443
10,761
8 2 ,4 8 8
111, 048
141,0 6 0
9 1 ,4 4 5
6 6 ,4 8 2
5 5 ,7 3 7
3 7 ,3 0 5
3 6 ,8 9 0
12,109
10,933
6,700
7,429
9,808
10,600
11,196
10,856
1,334,229
902,635
708,168
657,272
919,208
927,144
1 ,3 76,520
1,503,021
156,573
105,585
9 8 ,1 1 8
9 2 ,5 8 2
126,920
128,705
173,428
198,179
9, 522
1 0 ,6 2 2
14,9 8 1
14,3 4 0
15, 571
14,8 3 3
1 3 ,6 5 7
1 3 ,8 1 6
3 3 3 , 528
605, 249
8 3 9 ,0 5 1
7 4 3 ,1 1 0
842, 896
572, 047
3 5 3 ,8 8 5
410, 0 04
1 F o r d e f in itio n o f n e t in c o m e a n d d e f ic it, s e e n o t e 1, ta b le 192.
.'ig G h e m ic a ls a n d a llie d p r o d u c ts ” i n c lu d e s ‘'P e t r o l e u m a n d o t h e r m in e r a l o il p r o d u c t s , ” f o r y e a r s p r i o r
s ‘'M e t a l a n d i t s p r o d u c ts ” i n c lu d e s “ M o t o r v e h ic le s , c o m p le te o r p a r ts ,” fo r y e a r s p r i o r t o 1936.

■INCOME TAX RETUKNS 195
No. 195.— I n c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , C o r p o r a t i o n , b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s :
1930 t o 1937—Continued
[All money figures in thousands of dollars]
RETURNS WITH NET INCOME
RETURNS WITH NO
NET INCOME
RETURNS WITH NET INCOME
RETURNS WITH NO
NET INCOME
TEAR
Number
Net income
i
Total
tax
Deficit1
Number
Number
Total
tax
Net income1
Number
Deficit1
Trade
Service
1930.. 59,741 .
1981— 46,049
1932.. 20,951 .
1033— 39,276
1934.. 52, . 823
1935— 57, 813
1936.. 69,263 .
1937.. 62,432 .
651,097
460,036
234,674
436,820
670,336
707,428
1,136,419
1,004,765
04,100
46,708
30, 644
02,189
94,277
108,806
178,540
168,386
71,746
SO, 799
111,363
93,621
88,053
87,008
76, 257
80,662
738,695
1,025,431
1,039,924
476,184
349,102
SOI, 252
21S, 049
230,798
18,741
15,637
7,140
7,566
11,194
13,358
18,445
19,191
234,227
117,925
64,302
60,982
107,807
127,448
232,164
225,726
23,705
11,081
8,396
8,717
15,211
18,243
32,446
34,146
19,472
22,688
36,142
35,419
34,718
39,289
41,258
41,017
179,230
241,288
480,481
378,023
283,406
268, 518
243,235
210,064
Finance—Banking, insurance, etc.
Nature of business not given
72,102
59,129
1930—
1931.. .
1932—
1933.. .
26,396
22,369
1934.. 27,257 .
1936.. . 33, 231
1930— 43,886
1937. 43, 581
1,064,816
570,602
287,092
2Q0, 569
462,414
603,274
2,219,938
2,143,795
100,466
56,100
30,670
36,362
62,860
85,814
144,842
180, 780
64,477
75,434
98,725
99,314
98,839
91,702
71,828
73,498
1,560,677
2,260,843
2,335,500
2,273,800
1,667,190
1,381,593
771,494
802,643
1,040
1,046
339
228
188
163
197
172
1,786
1,790
1,041
479
908
560
648
061
88
105
135
69
127
83
86
91
1,898
2,228
2,099
1,262
1,251
1,500
1,482
1>510
12,303
18,724
14,813
6,838
6,058
9,108
5,209
4,152
i For definition of net income and deficit, see note 1, table 192.
No. 196.— G r o s s I n c o m e o p C o r p o r a t i o n s , b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s : 1930 t o
1937
Note.—In millions of dollars. For 1930 to 1036 gross income excludes nontsxable Income, except dividends
on capital stock of domestic corporations, but includes receipts from all other sourcos. For 1936 and
1937 gross income includes Interest on certain Government obligations subject to excess-profits tax, nnd
dividends, unlike former years, are taxable. Sales are Included on gross basis, but only net profits from
the sale of capital assets are Included. See also headnote, tablo 192
INDUSTRIAL GROUP 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1926 1937
Total___ ___ ______________ 130,062 107, 515 81,084 83,642 100,831 113,936 132,278 141,967
Agriculture and related industries___
Mining and quarrying____________
Manufacturing, total...........................
Food products........... .......................
Liquors end beverages___________
Tobacco products_____ _________
Textile mill products____________
Clothing and apparel........................
Leather and its manufactures..........
Rubber, bone, celluloid, and ivory.
Forest products......... ...................
Paper, pulp, and products_______
Printing, publishing, etc_________
Chemicals and allied products-....
Petroleum and other mineral oil
products........... .............................
Stona, clay, and glass products.. ..
M etal and its products....... .............
Motor vehicles, complete or parts...
All other manufacturing...................
Construction.........................................
Transportation and public utilities.—
T rade.................. .................................
Service.................. .................................
Finance—Banking, insurance, etc___
Nature of business not g iv en ..........
671
2,699
58,650
}l2,015
1,171
} 0,417
1,389
1,100
1,988
1,579
2,663
| 9,727
1,410
jl7 ,198
1,994
3,042
15,996
37,209
4,165
13,297
33
492
2,229
44,033
9,365
1,184
5,301
1,110
817
1,348
1,272
2,285
7,324
1,041
11, 514
1,482
2,236
13,380
30,593
3, 879
10,830
37
368 395
1,065 1,068
31,976 35,151
7,290
f 7,285
1 592
1,040 943
3,884 4,652
841 988
636 718
864 994
1,009 1,163
I , 1,651 789
6,458
670
6, 507
1,000
1,438
II, 239
23,133
3,092
8,157
15
0, 286
719
8,137
1, 022
1,079
10, 609
24,199
2,821
7,421
10
538
2,538
41,003
8,345
1,069
1,060
5,250
1,033
756
1,095
1,314
1,857
6,649
840
10,628
1,206
1,257
11,110
33, Oil
3,374
7,905
6
590
2,625
47,898
9,328
1,324
1,111
5,907
1,164
789
1,318
1.492
2,028
7,428
1,018
13,555
1,436
1.493
11,685
37,630
3,708
8,503
5
726
3,067
56,955
10,390
1,672
1,216
f 4,511
I 2,283
1,283
962
1,748
1,729
2, 283
/ 3,925
\ 4,605
1,381
/12,570
\ 4,784
1,663
2,013
12,812
43, 271
4, 649
8,777
8
783
3,680
62,457
10,879
1,822
1,301
4,632
2,250
1,332
1,107
1,030
1,888
2,438
4,220
5 ,287
1,636
15,343
4,753
1,839
2,462
13,449
46,437
* 4,837
8,953
0
Source of tables 196 and 190: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Eovenuo; Statistics of Income,
Fart 2.

1 9 6 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 197. — I n c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , C o r p o r a t i o n , b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s a n d
I n d u s t r i e s : 1937
N ote,—F o r t o ta ls for a l l c o r p o r a t i o n s s e e t a b l e 193.
[ A ll m o n e y f i g u r e s i n t h o u s a n d s o f d o lla r s ]
G r o u p t o t a l s i n c l u d e i n d u s t r i e s n o t s h o w n s e p a r a t e ly
RETU R N S W ITH N E T INCOME
R E TU R N S W ITH NO NET
INCOME
N u m ­
b e r
G r o s s
i n c o m e 1
N e t T o t a l
i n c o m e 2 t a x 3
N u m ­
b e r
G r o s s
I n c o m e 1
D e f ­
ic it a
A g r ic u ltu r e a n d . r e la t e d i n d u s t r i e s ................... 2, 636 5 31,954 57,320 7, 838 6 ,0 6 7 2 5 1 , m 33, 683
M in in g a n d q u a r r y in g , t o t a l — .............- ............. __ 6 ,0 8 3 2, 679,785 427,621 00, 869 8, 484 1 ,0 0 0 , 672 123,308
M c to l m i n in g .............................................................. . 318 887,1 5 7 211,218 29, 801 678 1 1 2 ,3 9 5 12,228
A n t h r a c i t e ....................................................................... 22 51,764 1 ,2 8 2 172 113 164,841 20, 590
B itu m i n o u s c o a l, lig n it e , p e a t , e t c ............... 539 500,523 22,2 8 9 3, 208 1, 276 421, 519 23,066
O il a n d g a s ....................... - ............................................ 1,014 804,9 2 0 115.955 15, 801 2 ,3 5 8 2 2 2 ,1 3 4 3 8 ,4S1
M a n u f a c tu r in g , a g g r e g a te ...................................... — 41, 974 5 1 ,4 6 8 ,2 0 8 4 ,1 2 7 ,4 0 6 862, 271 5 0 ,0 0 5 10, 9 8 8 ,4 0 0 424,344
F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c ts , t o t a l ................... 5, 300 7 ,2 7 6 ,7 4 1 286,098 40, 790 6 ,0 4 0 3 ,6 0 2 , 288 63,804
B a k e r y a n d c o n f e c tio n e r y p r o d u c t s ------- 1 ,4 8 2 1 ,204, 555 7 7 ,0 0 2 11,970 2 ,1 8 7 378, 363 13,170
C a n n e d p r o d u c ts — f is h , f r u i t , v eg o -
ta b l e s , p o u l t r y , e t c ........................................... 776 712, 388 4 2 ,1 0 9 6, 573 1 ,0 8 2 2 2 0 ,1 0 8 7,824
M i ll p r o d u c t s — b r a n , flo u r, f e e d , e t c . . . 433 040, 243 13,171 1, 063 750 553, 622 12,794
P a c k in g - h o u s e p r o d u o t s — f r e s h m o a ts ,
h a m , l a r d , b a c o n ; m e a t c a n n i n g , b y -
p r o d u c ts , e t c ..................................................... 478 2 ,4 6 6 ,4 7 9 29,0 6 8 3 ,1 1 4 499 1, 9 3 0 ,8 5 7 11,606
S u g a r - b e e t , c a n e , m a p l e , a n d p r o d u c t s - 86 581,004 3 5 ,4 5 9 4 ,6 4 9 74 53, 960 5,567
L i q u o r s a n d b e v e ra g e s , t o t a l . . . . ........................ 1 ,0 3 3 1, 529,312 102,769 29, 080 1 ,4 7 8 2 9 2 ,4 2 4 16,421
S o f t d r i n k s —c id e r , m in e r a l o r s p r in g
w a te r , e t c .............................................................. 1 ,1 0 5 300,5 1 7 6 8 ,1 0 2 11, 300 739 45, 315 1,835
L i q u o r s — w in e , b e e r , m a l t e x t r a c t , m a l t
y e a s t, a lc o h o l, e t c ......................... ................ 528 1 ,2 2 8 ,7 6 5 94,6 6 7 17, 782 739 2 4 7 ,1 0 9 14,580
T o b a c c o p r o d u c ts ....................................................... 140 1 ,2 6 4 ,7 7 9 120,648 18, 645 213 3 0 ,7 0 3 2,010
T e x tile m i ll p r o d u c ts , t o t a l .......................... .... 3 ,0 1 3 3, 014,4 6 2 166,326 27,1 5 3 4 ,4 9 0 1, 5 1 7 ,4 2 6 09,374
C o tto n g o o d s — d ro s s g o o d s , p l a i n c lo th ,
e tc .; n a p p i n g a n d d y e i n g ............................. 503 816,076 52, 058 0 ,4 5 6 368 208, 202 12,195
W o o le n a n d w o r s te d g o o d s —w o o l y a r n ,
d r e s s g o o d s, w o o l p u l l in g , e t c ................. 211 3 26,082 9 ,1 4 7 1,571 337 2 7 3 ,9 1 1 9,329
S il k a n d r a y o n g o o d s , s p i n n in g , e t c .......... 184 3 20,698 34, 554 5, 079 530 1 9 6 ,4 0 5 10,927
C a r p e t s , flo o r c o v e r in g s , ta p e s t r ie s , e t c . . 62 149,143 7,124 1, 205 94 4 8 ,7 0 9 2,179
K n i t g o o d s —s w e a te r s , h o s ie r y , e t c ............. 511 4 25,207 15,684 2, 601 804 2 4 9 ,5 2 3 10,287
C lo t h i n g a n d a p p a r e l — c u s to m - m a d o ,
f a c t o r y - m a d e c o a ts , u n d e r w e a r , o t c ............ 2 , 79C 1 ,4 3 9 ,7 6 2 3 2 ,8 4 5 5 ,1 0 4 5 ,1 2 0 809, 937 19,036
L e a t h e r a n d I ts m a n u f a c t u r e s , t o t a l ............. 1,023 903,149 34,601 5, 257 1, 311 3 0 8 ,5 7 0 13,564
B o o ts , s h o o s , s l ip p e r s , e t c . . . . ........................ 4 8 5 646,9 9 5 2 4 ,4 4 2 3, 630 001 1 5 8 ,7 1 1 6,111
G lo v e s , s a d d l e r y , h a r n e s s , t r u n k s , tin -
is liin g a n d t a n n i n g l e a th e r , e t c ................ 538 310,154 10,159 1, 627 710 2 0 9 ,8 0 0 7,453
R u b b e r , h o n e , c e llu lo id , a n d i v o r y p r o d -
u c t s , t o t a l .............................................................. 32C 1 ,0 1 2 ,0 4 3 4 7 ,4 5 4 0 ,3 7 2 294 9 4 ,9 1 1 3,712
T i r e s a n d tu b e s , e t c ............................................. 35 746,097 20, 134 2, 606 24 4 1 ,7 3 9 847
R u b b e r b o o ts , s h o e s , h o s e , a n d a r tif ic ia l
r u b b e r , e t c .........................- .................................. 245 226,554 17,444 3 ,0 5 8 197 4 9 ,4 0 5 2,055
B o n e , c e llu lo id , a n d i v o r y p r o d u c t s _____ 4C 30,302 3 ,8 7 5 647 73 3 ,7 6 7 210
F o r e s t p r o d u c ts , t o t a l .................... ......................... 3 ,1 0 2 1,4 5 7 ,0 3 1 9 3 ,50fi 14, 485 3 ,3 7 3 4 7 2 ,1 0 5 25,640
S a w m ill a n d p la n in g - m lll p r o d u c t s ____ 1, 302 679,5 2 2 62,074 7 ,6 4 2 1 ,4 2 8 259, 740 14,085
C a r r ia g e s , w a g o n s , f u r n i t u r e , e t c ............ 1.74C 778,400 4 0 ,8 9 5 0 ,8 4 3 1 ,0 4 5 2 1 2 ,4 2 5 11,554
P a p e r , p u l p , a n d p r o d u c t s ....... .................... .. 1, 383 1 ,6 4 0 ,87S 140,044 23, 43C 867 241,191 12,039
P r i n t i n g , p u b lis h in g , a n d a llie d i n d u s tr i e s 5 ,1 1 7 1,908,5 3 1 183,821 27, 544 7, 079 529, GDI 30,776
C h e m ic a ls a n d a llie d p r o d u c t s , t o t a l ......... 3 ,1 0 7 3 ,8 8 2 ,7 0 2 457, n o 04,144 3, 676 337,351 19,062
C h e m ic a ls p r o p e r , a c id s , c o m p o u n d s ,
e t c ............................................................................... 380 995,697 203,384 26, 988 357 5 7 ,7 1 3 3, 338
P a i n t s , p ig m e n ts , v a r n is h e s , c a r b o n
b la c k , l a m p b l a c k , p u t t y , r o s i n , t u r -
p e n t i n o .................................................................... 578 515,580 39,5 4 1 6 ,1 1 3 467 51, 276 2,474
D r u g s , o ils , s o a p , a n d o t h e r c h e m ic a l
s u b s t a n c e s - - . - ........ ........... ............................ 1 ,0 1 8 2 ,2 08,268 204,753 29, 601 2 ,6 9 0 203,3 2 1 11,780
F e r t i l iz e r s .................................................................. 23] 103,168 9,441 1,43E 1G2 25,014 1,470
P e t r o l e u m a n d o t h e r m i n e r a l o il p r o d u o t s 32< 4 ,6 3 8 ,2 1 ] 300,815 3 4 ,9 5 1 381 648,653 21,257
S to n e , d a y , a n d g la ss p r o d u c t s ......................
M e t a l a n a i t s p r o d u c ts , t o t a l . . . ....................
I r o n a n d s te e l— p r o d u c ts o f b l a s t fu r -
1 ,68- 1 ,3 1 7 ,0 3 ] 161,524 2 5 ,48( 2,2G£ 2 1 8 ,9 1 5 17,416
1 0 ,4Gl 1 4 ,0 4 2 ,1 6 8 1 ,3 8 1 ,3 5 0 240,821 8 , 7 7 5 1 ,3 0 1 , 2 3 5 70, 727
n n c e s , ro llin g m ills , f o u n d r ie s , e t c ____ 1,141 3 ,0 0 2 ,9 0 2 245,076 41,331 621 2 4 0 ,2 3 7 15,284
L o c o m o tiv e s a n d r a il r o a d e q u i p m e n t . . . 10( 450,012 47,3 0 5 7,901 Gf 3 4 ,0 5 2 1,039
F a c t o r y m a c h in e r y ......................................... ... 881 701,890 7 6 ,3 0 3 1 3 ,1 9 7 72S 8 8 ,4 6 7 5,025
A g r ic u ltu r a l m a c h in e r y a n d e q u i p m e n t 28( 727, 111, 895 21, 544 207 2 4 ,7 7 2 1,956
E l e c tr i c a l m a c h in e r y a n d e q u i p m e n t . . . 428 1 ,2 1 0 ,4 9 8 167,675 25,791 302 33, 240 2 ,3 0 7
B u ild i n g , c o n s t r u c t io n , g a s , a n d m i n in g
m a c h in e r y a n d e q u i p m e n t .......................... 1 ,3 7 5 1 ,4 6 1 ,8 7 2 1 5 7 ,98t 30,7 0 5 98C 191,761 8 ,9 3 8
H o u s e h o ld m a c h in e r y a n d e q u i p m e n t . . 577 555,201 50,782 9 ,0 7 f 78S 8 2 ,2 9 2 4 ,2 2 7
O ffice e q u i p m e n t , o t e .......................................... 239 390, 205 59,391 10,491 189 2 2 ,6 0 3 1,723
M e t a l b u i l d in g m a t e r i a l a n d e q u i p -
m e n t ........................................................................... 1,201 8 6 1 ,2 ft 6 9 , 5 U 11,71$ 1 , 14C ICO, 901 10,282
H a r d w a r e , to o ls, e t c ...................................... 1 , 7G( 1 ,294,962 173,206 33,374 1 ,1 0 2 101,4 3 8 0 ,3 0 7
P r c c io u s - m c ta l p r o d u c ts a n d p r o c e s s e s - . 385 323,935 19, 602 3,60S 477 4 4 ,1 0 ! 1 ,5 0 9
M o t o r v e h ic le s , c o m p l e t e o"r p a r t s . . 381 4 ,5 5 4 ,8 9 2 1 415,814 0 5 ,7 2 6 426 107,0 0 3 1 3 ,0 4 7
F o r f o o tn o te s , see p* 197,

INCOME TAX RETURNS 197
N o . 197.— I n c o m b T a x R e t u r n s , C o r p o r a t i o n , b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s a n d
I n d u s t r i e s : 1937— Continued
[ A l l m o n e y f i g u r e s i n t h o u s a n d s o f d o l l a r s ]
RETURNS WITH NET INCOME
RETURNS WITH NO NET
INCOME
Number
Gross Net Income
income > <
Total
tax s
Number
Gross
income 1
Manufacturing—Continued.
Radios, complete or parts........................... 115 255,103 12,109 2,142 160 82,552 4,096
Airplanes...................................................... 46 132,193 13,268 2,436 80 13,591 2,458
Construction, total............................................ 6,103 1, 088, 060 84,46S 14, 617 10,761 773, 852 38, 890
Building and construction above ground
—installing machinery, moving, wrecking,
razing, etc......................................- 3,629 627,381 19,919 8,584 7,116 376,993 14,507
Other construction underground and on
surface—bridge building, waterfront
construction, related industries, oto____ 2,388 897,127 54,086 9,306 3,527 340,405 19,338
Shipbuilding and repairing........................ 80 103,543 9,853 1,600 119 47,488 3,046
Transportation and other public utilities,
total.......................................................... 10, 860 9,034,200 1,603,021 198,179 13,818 4,416,002 410, 004
Steam railroads......................................... 219 2,021,401 205,330 27,635 305 2,504,526 230,283
Electrio railways—Pullman cars, refrigerator,
stock, poultry, and fruit cars; lassors............................................................
342 318,802 74,086 11,208 394 463,806 72,368
Water transportation and related activities.............................................................
1,028 609,968 66,634 10,920 943 214,806 10,983
Aeiial transportation.................................. 82 25,690 2,120 302 425 39,366 4,208
Autobus lines, taxicabs, and sightseeing
companies................................................ 932 225,044 25,034 3,717 1,007 112,699 5, 612
Cartage and storage—food storage, packing
and shipping, local transportation,
etc.............................................................. 3,815 649,920 34,961 5,236 .6,013 375,874 21,429
Electric light and power companies............ 776 2,552,033 453, 061 65,648 401 195,407 16, 628
Gas oompanies, artificial and natural......... 430 601,977 76,824 11,331 386 120,940 10, 698
Pipe-line companies.................................... 177 304, 90S 114, 081 18,040 93 45,814 2709
Telephone and telegraph companies....... — 1,200 1,400,989 379,728 33,5Q5 1,767 150,810 9,399
Radio-broadcasting companies.......... - ___ 280 115,634 19.009 3,156 187 9,177 1,160
W ater companies......................................... 995 77,414 17,008 2,443 651 17,335 2,762
Trade, total._________________ ________ 62,432 36,057,451 1,064,765 168,386 80, 852 10,379,209 230.798
Wholesale........................ ............................ 15,045 14,850,640 323,377 52,497 14,825 3,886,521 70,190
Rotnil......................................................... 32; 059 13,310,470 470,538 75,299 46,477 3,873,860 97,096
Wholesale and retail................. ...... ........... 11,348 6,240,962 209,470 31,883 11,072 2,227.301 46,976
Commission............. -.................................. 2,011 393,465 36,037 5,498 2.010 166,094 6.030
Service, total......................... ......................... 19,191 2,626,377 225,720 34,146 41,017 2,211,927 210,064
Domestic service—laundries, hotels, restaurants,
etc., operating apartments or
9,114
3,626 1,071,761 04,106 9,671 24,477
Amusements, total...................................... 723,023 83,240 11,958 5,577 1,484,047
322,940 144,745
29,158
Theaters, legitimate, vaudeville, eto....... 85 13,690 1,700 228 140 5,153 1,331
Motion-picture producers....................... 01 123,003 13,804 1,539 133 115,844 10,727
Motion-picture theaters................ ......... 2,177 472,636 53,120 7,534 1,707 106,335 6,386
Other amusements—circuses, golf links,
racetracks, pleasure resorts, eto.......... 1,302 113,193 14,556 2,656 3,507 05,609 10,714
Professional—curativo, educational, en-
Elneering, legal, etc.................................. 2,138 176,931 18,097 3,033 3,917 131,798 19,709
Business service—detective bureaus,
trade shows, mimeographing, publishing
directories, advertising, eto................ 2,604 509,524 44,865 7,213 3,771 181,073 9,945
Finance, total................................................. 43, 581 6,000,402 2,143,795 139,786 73,498 2,962,308 302,643
National banks............................................ 3,740 693,150 101,391 5,305 2,006 224,271 38,208
State and private banks, savings banks,
loan and trust companies......................... 6,101 608,358 102,080 6,530 4,402 224,598 59,747
Joint-stock land banks.......................... 5 770 82 12 37 3,744 3,793
Building and loan associations; mortgage,
note, or pawnbrokers; insurance agents,
promoters, foreign exchange.................... 8,017 719,870 217,534 31,704 9,874 165,962. 69,929
Investment trusts, stock syndicates, stook
pools, bolding companies, eto.................. 4,477 1,846,483 1,304,603 00,638 2,712 97,624 139,345
Stook and bond brokers, investment
brokers, investment bankers................... 697 205,289 13,094 1,624 1,481 572,276 64,274
Real estate and realty holding companies—realty
development, bolding or
leasing; realty trust, etc........................ 19,010 486,845 107,969 13,638 51,938 534,076
Insurance companies, total........................ 838 1,579,630 206,432 20,274 1,000 1,120,766 200,805
226,481
Life insurance—mutual or stock.............. 143 02,414 4,442 392 477 898,996 140,905
Other insurance—accident, casualty,
fire, marine, title, etc..............-............. 695 1,517,217 201,990 19,881 523 230,770 85,675
1 G r o s s I n c o m e c o r r e s p o n d s t o t o t a l in c o m e , a s r e p o r t e d o n fa c e o f r e t u r n , p l u s " c o s t o f g o o d s s o ld ” a n d
" c o s t o f o p e r a t i o n s .”
1 S e e n o t e l , t a b l e 192, a s t o 1037 n e t in c o m e o r d e f ic it.
! I n c l u d e s in c o m e t a x , e x c e s s - p r o f its ta x , a n d s u r t a x o n u n d i s t r i b u t e d p r o f its .
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Eevenue; Statistics of Income, Part 2.

1 9 8 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No, 198.— I n c o m e s T a x R e t u r n s , C o r p o r a t i o n — R e c e i p t s , D e d u c t i o n s ,
P r o f i t s , a n d T a x : 1924 t o 1937
N
o t e ,— See headnote and note 2, table 192. Data in the following table are combined totals for returns
reporting net Income and those reporting no net income. The number of returns is shown in table 192
[All figures in millions of dollars]
COMPILED B1CEIPTS
COMPILED DEDUCTIONS
TEAB
Total
com- Gross
piled sales ■
receipts >
Gross
receipts
from
other
operations
1
Other
receipts
Tex-exempt income
Dividends
from domestic
corporations
Interest
on taxexempt
obligations
•
Total
compiled
deductions
Cost
of
goods
sold
Cost
of
operations
i
Interest
paid
1024.
1025.
1020.
1027.
1028.
1029.
1930.
1031.
1032.
1033.
1034.
1033
1030.
1937.
110,747
134,780
142,629
144,809
153,80S
181,158
136, 588
108,067
81, 638
84,234
101,400
114,660
132, 723
142,443
01, 908
101, 476
106, 206
106, 884
112, 436
118,101
97, 941
76,494
53,294
57,777
74,309
85, 332
100, 686
108, 383
0,420
>10, 334
28,508
26,207
21,045
19,588
18,082
18,652
10,700
22,886
24,862
7,187
»31, 669
1 26, 085
> 26, 457
» 28,0 9 5
11,320
10,283
8,107
6,046
5,857
5,752
5,801
1 8,527
'8,468
915
1,176
1,606
1,658
1,017
2,503
2,571
1,909
1,260
1,020
2,217
8,014
g
517
520
500
501
523
537
526
542
554
592
050
714
724
741
112,952
125,464
133,119
130,230
142, 038
149, 289
131,940
108,834
85,467
85,164
98,520
109, 227
7 124,952
7134,013
71,739
8Q, 652
82,484
83,487
87,265
91,076
76,190
58,774
41,430
43,626
57, 458
66, 280
78,023
84,108
9,420
8,670
9,190
10,859
12,231
3,445
3,617
3,989
4,375
4,581
4,925
4,801
4,492
4,043
3,511
3,422
3,261
3,081
3,003
YEAR
COMPILED DEDUCTIONS— COP.
Taxes “
Compiled
net
profit
less
total
tax
Depreciation
and depletion
Other
deductions
Complied
not
profit
or loss8
Net
Income
or
deficit *
Net
loss
for
prior
year10
Total
tax u
DIVIDENDS
PAID 1*
Cash
Stock
1924— ----- 1,070 3,187 32,911 6,796 6,363 220 882 5,914 4,339 511
1925______ P

INCOME TAX BETUBNSl 199
No. 199.— D i v i d e n d s P a id , A c c o r d in g t o I n c o m e T a x R e t u r n s o f C o r ­
p o r a t i o n s , b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s : 1934 t o 1937
N ote.—In millions and tenths of millions of dollars. For totals for earlier years, soo table 108. See also
headnotc, table 102
INDUSTRIAL GROUP
19M 1936 1936 1931
Gash Stock Cash Stock Cash Stock Cash Stock
Total.................................................. 4,859.4 214.8 5,940.8 136.8 7,379.3 344.9 7,614.0 188.7
Agriculture and related Industries_____
M ining and quarrying..........................
Manufacturing, total.............. ..................
Pood products______________ _____
Liquors and beverages_________ ____
Tobacco products___________ _____
Textile mill produots____ __________
Clothing and apparol........ ....................
Leather and its manufactures...... ........
Rubber, bone, celluloid, and Ivory___
Forest produots.....................................
Papor, pulp, and produots....................
Printing, publishing, etc.......................
Chemicals and allied products..............
Petroleum and other mineral oil produots.............................................-........
Stone, olay, and glass produots..........
M etal and its products_____-........... —
Motor vehioles, complete or parts........
All other manufacturing.....................
Construction............................................
Transportation and other publlo utilities.
Trade...........................................................
Service................... ............. .......................
Finance—Banking, insurance, eto........ —
N ature of business not given................—
20.4
266.1
1,809.7
258.7
25.6
96.6
} 99.0
’ 22. S
20.0
33.4
44.6
82; 0
| 363.4
44.9
} 477.1
42.3
23.4
1,221,4
398.7
03.1
1,248.9
1.6
0.0
4.5
104.7
9.0
1.5
1.0
9.4
1.4
.1
1.0
5.8
9 .8
32.1
34.7
257.1
2.193.5
264.7
57.7
98.7
101.9
23.4
16.4
36.1
5 8 .5
9 6 .9
5 7 0 .7
2.4 63.1
29.1 733.3
2.3 74.1
2.1 29.8
21.3 1 ,2 8 3 .8
33.3 6 1 0 .1
4.2 7 1 .1
44.2 1.559.6
.9
3.6
3.1
49.7
3.3
1.4
.2
7.5
.9
.1
.8
2.9
3 .9
57.1
283.1
2.960.3
311.9
90.9
108.0
/ 132.0
\ 28.4
29.9
40. B
02.1
76.3
132.0
f 3 5 5 .0
1 3 1 4 .3
114.7
f 722.3
{ 321.9
100.7
50.3
1 .3 3 6 .4
750.8
168.7
1,792.1
.4
10.8
1 .8
14.4
2.2
4.2
5.0
28.6
2.8
38.3
1.4
2.9
218.2
17.1
12.3
.9
5.3
3.2
1.2
.6
3.5
4.9
6.4
11.9
120.9
3 .2
23.6
1.0
2,0
4.6
21.5
31.8
4.0
00.5
.6
i Less than $50,000.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Statistics of Income, P art 2.
50.1
381.2
2,963.4
201.2
99.0
108.9
133.0
23.3
30.1
43.4
68.0
91.8
126.8
846.4
277.4
116.5
863.6
277.1
87.0
63.5
1.360.8
718.7
163.8
1.839.9
2.7
N o. 2 0 0 .— I n c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , C o r p o r a t i o n — R e c e i p t s D e d u c t i o n s ,
P r o f i t s , a n d T a x , b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s : 1937
[All figures in millions and tenths of millions of dollars, See headnoto, table 192]
1.9
2.4
93.0
6.8
6.6
« 4.7
.9
.2
1.7
1.8
5.9
2.4
13.7
6.1
.6
38.8
1.3
1.7
4.6
25.2
24.0
2.9
34.6
«
Ail corporations
i
Agriculture
Mining
ana
quarrying
Total >
MANUFACTURING
Food,
excluding
beverages
Liquors
and
beverages
Tobacco
products
Textile
mill
products
Compiled receipts, total ........................
Gross sales ...........................................
Gross receipts from operations 4-.~___
Interest_________ ________________
R e n ts___________________________
N e t capital gain.............................. ......
D ividends received:
Domestic corporations ®___ ______
Foreign corporations7____________
Other receipts................................. ......
Interest on Government obligations:
Subject to excess-profits tax 6_____
W holly tax-exempt *_______ „____
Compiled deductions, total10_________
Cost of goods sold u ,______________
Cost of operations n_______________
Compensation of officers___________
R ent paid on business property_____
B ad debts_____________ _______ __
Interest paid_____________________
Taxes paid other than income and
excess-profits taxes *3_____________
Contributions or gifts »____________
Depreciation______________ _______
Depletion____________________ ____
N et capital loss___________________
O ther deductions..__________ _____
F o r footnotes, see p. 201.
142,443.4 783.6 3, 583.6 82,474. 4 10, 880. 3 1, 822, 2 1,301,7 4, 633.6
108,882.8 827.1 3,038.0 GO. 244. 4 10,853.1 1. 778. 5 1,280. 3 4, 410. 6
24. $61.8 105.1 332.7 051.0 94.4 10, 0 2.8 54.6
2,601.0 4.1 13.1 111.7 10.7 2.7 .9 6.9
1,549.4 12.7 28.5 128. 8 18.4 5.0 2.6 11.7
306.3 5.9 24.3 35.7 2.6 1.1 ,6 2.0
2,682.2 12.7 86.6 524.4 46.3 6.5 8.3 12.4
209.1 3.5 .7 92.9 12.9 1.0 1.2 1.0
1,110.9 12.0 64.7 349.3 42.1 10.6 8.8 26.0
264.5 .2 2.7 17.7 1.6 .3 .91 1.7
470.3 .4 3.1 17.8 1.3 .5 .3 1.7
134,613.1 769.3 3,281.2 58,763.6 10,658.7 1,675.4 1,176. 9 4,434.9
84,107.8 435.6 1,979.9 45,550.0 8,921.5 1,012.3 952A 3,660.6
12,231.3 39.4 137.5 428.9 49.6 6.8 1.9 32.1
2,809.2 22.0 80.1 1,004.0 99.6 32.2 7.0 86.8
1,664.8 16.0 11.9 295.3 41.3 5.7 1.0 17.4
756.4 6.0 10.8 185.6 19.3 7.0 .8 9.0
3,003.1 19.0 68.7 374.2 44.1 13.0 5.1 27.0
6,005.6 24.5 139.0 1,407.1 123.3 264.6 84.6 74.9
32.7 .3 .9 14.4 1.4 .6 .2 .9
3,342.0 33.6 170.7 1,370.1 144.3 35.3 7.5 100.6
623.9 7.3 275.7 216.4 .3 .1 w 1.0
164.5 2.6 3.0 16.8 1.3 . 5 “ > „ 1.1
22,351.7 163.6 433.1 7,878.6 1,211.6 298.6 116.0 413.6

2 0 0 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 2 0 0 .— In c o m e T a x R e t u r n s , C o r p o r a t i o n — R e c e i p t s , D e d u c t i o n s ,
P r o f i t s , a n d T a x , b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s : 1937— Continued
[All figures in millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
All
corporations
Agriculture
Mining
and
quarrying
Total»
MANUFACTURING
Food,
excluding
beverages
Liquors
and
beverages
Tobacco
products
Textile
mill
products
Compiled net profit or loss10__________
Deduct tax-exempt itoms....... _...........
Net income or deficit '• ........................
Income tax (normal tax and surtax on
undistributed profits)...........................
Excess-profits tax ...................................
Total ta x ...........i ............................
Compiled net profit lesstax.....................
7,830.3
470.3
7,354.0
1,232.8
43.3
1,270.
6,554.
24.1
.4
23.7
7.5
.4
7.8
16,3
302.4
3.1
209.3
56.5
4.4
60.9
241.6
3.721.0
17.8
3.703.1
629.9
22.4
652.3
3,068.7
223.6
1.3
222.3
40.0
.8
40.8
182.8
146.8
.5
146.3
28.1
1,0
29.1
117.7
124.9
.3
124.6
18.6
.1
18.6
106.2
98.0
1.7
97.0
26,2
1.0
27.0
71,5
manufacturing—continued
Clothing
and
Leather
apparel
Rubber
Paper
Forest
products
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Compiled receipts, total a.............................................
Gross snles *...........................................
Gross receipts from operationss - .......
Interest..................................................
Bents...............-......................... — ..............
Not capital gain................................................................
Dividends received:
Domestic corporations«.............................
Foreign corporations > ................ ...
Other receipts........................................
Interest on Government obligations:
Subject to excess-profits tax®............
Wholly tax-exempt»..........................
Compiled deductions, totalw_________
Cost of goods sold11_______________
Cost of operations11...............................
Compensation of officers........................................
Rent paid on business property.................
Bad debts................— .....................................................
Interest paid........................................................................
Taxes paid other than Income and
excess-profits taxes >'.............................................
Contributions or gifts H.........................................
Depreciation........................................................................
Depletion................................................................................
Net capital loss.................................................................
Other deductions............................................................
Compiled net profit or loss i®._________________
Deduct tax-exempt items___________________
Net incomo or deficit ____________________
Income tax (normal tax and surtax on
undistributed* profits).............................................
Excess-profits tax.................................................................
Total ta x ..__ _________ _______ _______
Compiled net profit leas tax___________
For footnotes, see p. 201.
2,249.9 1,831.8 1,107.0 1,030.4 1,883.4 3,439.5 4,330.4 5,287. B
2,184.0
SO. 4
1.2
1.7
.4
1.4
.2
10.1
.2
.1
1,312,8
5.8
1.2
1.4
.4
2,1
(It)
7.0
.2
.1
1,079.3
2.6
4.6
.6
.3
13.9
.6
5.0
.1
.1
1.864.2
26.4
4.3
6.8
3.8
8.8
(“) 15.1
. 6
.3
1,837.7 2,190.9 4,0G3.1
8.0 171.8 25.0
6.0 5.2 6.8
4.1 12.7 7.4
2.4 2.5 2.6
16.4
.8
11.1
2,239.9 1,310.7 1,063.2 1.862.2 1,760.1 2,291.2 8,782.0 5,007.3
1,702.3
35.7
76.3
25.6
5.8
7.5
1,108.8
3.8
28.1
8.2
3.1
5.6
16.7
.3
12.2
.1
.2
123.7
21.2
.1
21.1
5.0 5.2
.1 .1
23.0
.4
10.1
.1
.4
259.7
13.9
.1
13.8
6 . 1
8.8
5.3
15.9
805.3 1,413.4 .2 14.3
10.0 52.8
3.9 8.9
3.6 11.2
9.5 18.5
44.5 37.7 .2 .4
22.0 45.8
(it) 30.7
.1 .9
164.1 227.6
43.0 68.2 .1 .3
43.7 67.9
6.2 13.6 .1 ,9
0.4
37.5
14.5
53.7
.7
.3
31.8
.7
21.1
1.5
1.3
81.7
8.5
23.2
1.8
2.3
4,852.0
234.3
13.7
20.2
2.5
125.8
5.2
20.6
.4
1.0
1,332.6 1,430.7 2,680.0 3,477,7
2.7 82.7 6.8 108.8
39.6 110.6 71.5 13.1
9.4 36.2 14.9 43.9
13.0 15.4 13.1 17.2
22.6 17.9 20.7 30.8
32.5 50.6 98.2 154.6
.6 1.3 1.1 .8
61.8 47.4 102.7 228.6
2.8 .3 4.3 107.6
.3 .8 .6 .1
242.1 491.4 769.1 764.2
128.9 148.9 440.4 280.5
.3 1.3 2.3
1 . 0
128.0 147.0 438.1 279.6
22.7 26.9 63.1 34.2
.7 .7
1 . 0 .8
29.4
1019
27.6
120.8
64.1
970.9
35.0
245.8

INCOME TAX RETURNS 201
No. 2 0 0 .—Income T ax R e tu rn s, C orporations—R eceipts, D eductions,
P ro fits , and Tax, b y I n d u s tr ia l Groups: 1937—Continued
[AH figures in millions and tenths of millions of dollars] i*7*ioI
HANUFACTURINO—
continued
Stone,
etc.
Metals
Motor
vehicles
Trade
Construction
Transportation
and
other
public
utilities
Service
Finanoe
Compiled receipts, total a. _.................... 1,630.7 16,349.4 4,764.6 2,462. 6 13,467.9 46,439.9 4,838.6 "6,393.8
1,483.6 14,835.4 4,632.0 1, 003.3 43,470.0
Gross receipts from operations6......... 18.0 211.7 7.2 1,414,1 12,826.5 1,235.4 4,643.4 77 3,446.1
Interest................................................. 2.4 30.0 4.4 4.7 108.9 80.8 14.7 2,250.8
Rents..................................................... 3.3 20.8 6.7 8.3 02.5 90.6 179.0 1,001.8
Net oapital gain................................... 2.8 7,6 3.3 4.0 26.5 12.5 16.4 180.7
Dividends received:
Domestic corporationsfl................. 12.8 101,4 41.6 6.2 824.2 93.8 33.5 1,001.8
Foreign corporations7...................... 2.Q 28.6 27.6 .1 2.3 23.2 2.C 84.5
Other receipts.................................... 9.3 94,2 20.2 20.7 63.1 415.2 47.6 147.5
Interest on Government obligations:
Subject to exness-profits ta x 8......... l.G 47, 1.2 .0 4,8 3. a .7 234.5
Wholly tax-exempt ’........................ . .7 0.0 1.7 1.0 8.7 3.3 1.2 440.9
Compiled deductions, total 1°.................. 1,301.8 14,032.8 4,360.0 2,414.3 12,368.2 44,602.7 4,821.6 l» 7,911.6
1,001. 7 10,808,3 3,894.7 812.0 35,384.3
Oost of operations u............................ 9.5 0 5 ,0 .9 1.120.0 7. 308.8 632.3 1,070.7 i> 872.8
Compensation of officers..................... 35.9 270.0 16. S n o . a 104. £ 875. C 230.4 >■411.6
Rent paid on business property......... 6.4 63.4 6.3 12. C 163.1 662. C 240. £ 161.8
Bad debts............................................. 5.5 61.4 2.

202 NATIONAL GOVEBNMENT FINANCES
No. 2 0 1 .— A s s e t s a n d L i a b i l i t i e s o f C o r p o r a t i o n s : 1930 t o 1937
[All money figures in millions of dollars. See lieadnote, table 192]
ASSETS
DEC. 31 (or
at close of
fiscal year
n e a r e s t
thereto)
Number
of
returns
filed1
Number
of
balance
sheets
Total
assets
or total
Uabili-
Cash*
Notes
and accounts
receivable1
Inventories
Taxexempt
investm
ents4
Investments
other
than taxexempt
Capital
(less depreciation
and
depletion)
1932.
1033.
1934.
1035.
1036.
1037.
463,036
459,704
451,884
446,842
469,804
477,113
478,857
477,838
403,173
381,088
392,021
388,564
410,026
415> 205
415,054
416,902
334,002
296,497
280,083
268,206
301,307
303,150
303,180
303,357
21,012
15,880
15,917
15,230
19,961
23,604
26,102
24.340
59,675
48,667
30,504
35,835
40,520
38, G90
40,219
40,329
18,771
15,140
12,372
13,597
14,311
14,788
16,584
18,515
10,228
10,667
11,917
13,571
19,084
21,863
24,313
83,809
76,305
75,630
70,474
90,573
90,163
86,208
85,065
120,994
114,303
108,553
104,958
102.751
100,480
97,873
100,320
DEC. 31 (or
atdoseof
fiscal year
n e a r e s t
thereto)
1931.
1932.
1933.
1934.
1085.
1030.
1937.
ASSETS—
con.
Other
assets
19,511
10.534
16,120
14.535
14,007
13.501
11,882
10.794
Notes
and
accounts
payable
26,870
23,251
20.562
19,362
27,021
25,332
25,580
* 14,748
Bonded
debt and
m ortgages
50,282
48,101
47,222
45,883
48,604
49,822
47,023
7 59,699
Other
liabilities
95,568
81,782
78,730
75,384
84,006
89,066
97,100
8 87,276
LIABILITIES
Capital stock4
Preferred Common
19,117
19,217
10,076
18,394
19.976
19,533
18,591
18,364
Surplus
and undivided
profits
Deficit
87.007 61,832 6,734
79,794 61,976 7,624
78,413 45,664 9.584
74.088 44,792 0.696
84,070 48,986 12,347
82,733 48,828 12.163
78,072 48,043 11,237
77,330 •58,524 !« 12,694
Net
surplus
55,098
44,352
36,080
35,096
36,G39
36,665
36,806
45,930
1Excludes inactive corporations.
3 Cash in till and deposits In banks.
3 Less reserve for bad debts. Includes loans and discounts of banks. 4 See note 5, table 198.
*For balance sheets in which common and preferred stock are not reported separately, the combined
amount is tabulated as "Common stock.” For balance sheets with no par stock and not reporting capital
stook value, the not worth is tabulated under "Surplus and undivided profits."
8Accounts payable only, excludes notes payable with original maturity of less than 1 year.
3Includes notes payable with original maturity of less than 1 year,
4Unlike former years, excludes '^Surplus reserves."
>Sco note 12, table 202. 10 See note IS, table 202.
Source; Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Statistics of Income, Part 2.
No. 2 0 2 .— Abbetb a n d L i a b i l i t i e s o f C o r p o r a t i o n s , b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s :
As o f D eo. 31, 1937, o r a t C l o s e o f F i s c a l Y e a r N e a r e s t T h e r e t o
[All money figures in millions of dollars. Seo headnote, table 192]
T o ta l1
Min.
ing
and
quarrying
Agriculture
Total'
MANUFACTURING
Food,
excluding
beverages
Liquors
and
beverages
Tobacco
products
Textile
mill
products
Number of corporations submitting
balance sheets 3...................................... 410.902 7,046 11,467 85,474 11,110 2,870 323 7,128
Assets, total4________ . ________ 303,357 1,987 0,146 56,723 6,860 1,851 1,077 3.628
Cosh ‘ ......................................................... 24.340 77 333 3,283 411 70 09 207
Notes and accounts receivable................. 40,329 141 677 7,004 752 160 179 413
Inventories................................................ 18,515 179 340 11,454 1,105 301 512 980
Investments—-tax-exempt8...................... 23,088 3!) 160 1,145 99 25 34 100
Investments—other than tax-eramnt__ 85,065 307 1,578 8,380 880 117 100 271
Capital assets—Land, buildings, and
equipment 7............................................ 100. 320 1,174 5,748 21,537 2,223 503 03 1,550
Other assets1............................................. 10,794 00 311 2,920 296 115 01 108
Liabilities, total4............................ 303,367 1,987 9,146 55,723 5,860 1,351 1,077 3,628
Accounts payahlo >................................... 14. 748 216 018 4,078 489 134 51, 264
Bonds, notes, and mortgages payable i°_. 59,699 309 1,511 7,407 947 273 131 433
Other liabilities11___ ____......___ . . . . 87,276 103 394 2,309 220 77 44 123
Capital stock;
Preferred_______ _______________ 18,364 65 332 5,671 741 60 136 444
Common_______________ .__ . . . . . 77,339 080 4,120 20,280 2,022 406 434 1,427
S u r p l u s 11--------- ----------------------------- i n , m B IB 3,218 17,412 t . e t e 448 2 8 9 1 ,1 7 7
L e s s d e fi c it13........................................ 1 2 ,6 9 4 sot 1,048 2,124 m 41 6. tso
Net surplus___ _____. ________ ______ 45,930 214 2,165 15,288 1,440 402 283 947
For footnotes, seep. 203.

INCOME TAX RETURNS 203
No. 2 0 2 .— A s s e t s a n d L i a b i l i t i e s o f C o r p o r a t i o n s , b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s :
A s o f D e c . 31, 1937, o r a t C l o s e o f F i s c a l Y e a r N e a r e s t T h e r e t o — Con. 1*8*10I
[All money figures in millions of dollars]
Clothing
Leather
MANXJFACToniWG— c o n tin u e d
Rubber
Forest
products
Paper
P rinting
Number of corporations submitting
balance sheets 8............. . ....................... 7,319 2.212 586 6,072 2,169 11.052 6,220
Assets, total4__ _______________ 827 751 1,006 2,170 2,283 2,603 4,493
Cash5.......................................................... 70 56 45 82 109 132 276
Notes and accounts receivable________ 238 157 176 264 291 464 494
Inventories........................-________ ___ 283 296 255 435 321 202 800
Investments—tax-exempt *-------- -------- 11 9 6 24 31 87 151
Investments—other than tax-exempt — 53 51 199 261 402 511 957
Capital assots—Land, buildings, and
equipment’....... ...........—.................. 126 146 245 1,040 1,047 034 1,485
Other assets8............................................ 45 36 80 72 81 522 332
liabilities, total4______. . . ____. . . 827 751 1,006 2,179 2,283 2,603 4,493
Accounts payablo*.................................. 130 60 106 174 111 280 317
Bonds, notes, and mortgages payable10- 120 131 194 349 417 350 547
Other liabilities” ...................................... 41 32 27 98 124 157 154
Capital stock:
Preferred......................................... 92 92 197 151 424 276 542
304 86 274 897 m 788 1,565
S u r p l u s * * - - ............................................. m m m 787 680 m 1 ,4 7 7
L e s s d e fi c it11........................................ 4 S 66 27 S B ! 08 176 109
Net surplus..............-................................ 134 150 207 510 512 752 1,368
Trade
Petroleum
MANUFACTURING—Con.
Con- Public-
Stone,
etc.
Motels Motor struction
ties 14
utili- ,
vohieies
Service
Chemicals
612
7.262
269
640
904 71
1.475
3. 757
146
7.262
3,444
2 ,1 1 9
248
Finance
Number of corporations submitting
balance sheets3..................................... 3,684 18,252 769 14,807 20,776 128.200 49,761 98,438
Assets, total4....... ........................ 1,983 16,677 6,118 1,702 64,648 18,869 10,896 140,402
Gash3..................................................... 131 895 362 140 1,181 1,287 356 17,685
Notes and accounts receivable_____—. 179 1, 942 378 643 1,592 5,180 568 24, Oil
Inventories.............................................. 297 3, 662 694 170 818 5.328 175 47
Investments—tax-exempt8..................... 67 299 97 47 164 235 58 22,140
Investments—other than tax-oxompt... 228 2,113 536 193 8,061 2.327 912 62,696
Capital assots—Land, buildings, and
equipment ’.......................................... 1,009 6,086 1, 032 494 40,629 3, 071 8,271 9,785
Other assets8.......................................... 73 081 120 116 2,602 825 506 3,438
liabilities, total4______________ 1,983 16, 677 3,118 1,702 64,648 18, 853 10,835 140, 402
Accounts payable •................................. 114 1, 674 242 277 1,822 3,710 775 2,636
Bonds, notes, and mortgages payable 234 2,138 105 290 26,907 2,952 5,737 14, 386
Othor liabilities11. - ................................ 76 642 126 244 3,327 941 693 70, 257
Capital stock:
Preferred........................................... 103 1, 703 266 86 4,066 1, 314 655 0,264
Common........................................... 840 5, 523 780 618 21,354 6, 588 2,546 20,802
S u r p l u s 13................................................ ess 4, 65S u s e s 4SS 9, m 4,610 1 ,868 * / , 281
Less d eficit**.......... -..............-......... 107 466 s i IBS 2,084 1,162 1,889 4, S I S
Net surplus..................................- ......... 526 4, 098 1,612 287 7,172 3,348 529 16,966
1Includes data for corporations not reporting nature of business.
3 Includes data for lines of manufacture not shown separately.
8 Excludes returns for inactive corporations and returns with fragmentary balance sheet data.
* Adjustments of assots and liabilities are made in tabulating tho data, if the following conditions appear ,
on tho balance shoots: (0 a negative amount reported in assets is transferred to its appropriate place under
liabilities and "Total assets” and "Total liabilities” are increased by the amount; (2) a deficit in surplus
shown under assots is transferred to liabilities and "Total assots” and "Total liabilities” are decreased by,
the amount of the deficit; and (3) reserves for depredation and depletion when shown under liabilities are
transferred to the corresponding asset accounts and “Total assets" and "Total liabilities" are reduced by
the amount of such rosorves.
I In till and deposits in bank. * See note 5, table 198. ’ Loss depreciation and depletion.
8 Includes copyrights: formulas; goodwill; patents; trade-marks; sinking funds; deferred charges; organization
expenses; prepaid and suspense items; interest, discount, coupons, and dividends receivable; guaranty
deposits, and deposits on oontraots, meters, and leaseholds; and oash value of life insurance. Other assets
of life insuranoo oompanies include market value of real estate and bonds in excess ot book value; interest,
rents, and premiums duo; and agents' balances.
*“Aocounts payable”only. Notes payable arc included in “Bonds, notes, and mortgages payable"for 1937.
10 Includes notes payable, which for 1030 woro included in “Notes and accounts payable.”
II Includes all reserves other than surplus and reserves for depletion, depreciation, and bad debts; deterred
and suspense items; funds held in trust; borrowed securities; discount and dividends payable; outstanding
coupons and certificates; and overdrafts. Other liabilities of life insurance companies include net value of
outstanding policies and securities and borrowed money. Other liabilities of banks include deposits (time, .
savings, demand, etc.) and bank notes in circulation.
11 Includes "Surplus reserves,” “ Paid-in or capital surplus,” and “Earned surplus and undivided profits.”
If one or more of these amounts arc negative they are tabulated as “Deficit” and the remaining positive
items are tabulated as "Surplus and undivided profits.” In prior years the not amount oi "Surplus and
undivided profits” or "Deficit” was tabulated from oaoh return. See note 13.
i* Consists of negative amounts for "Paid-in or capital surplus" and “Earned surplus and undivided
profits.” See note 12. 13 Includes transportation.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenuo; Statistics of Income, Part 2,

2 0 4 NATIONAL GOVEENM1ENT FINANCES
No. 2 0 3 .—Income T ax R e tu rn s, C orp o ratio n , by T otal-A ssets C lasses,
b y I n d u s tr ia l G roups: 1937
[All money figures (except assets classes) in millions and tenths of millions of dollars. See headnote,
table 102, regarding effect of discontinuance of consolidated form of return]
TOTAL-ASSETS
CLASS (THOUSANDS
OP DOLLARS)
Number
of
returns
1
Total
assets or
liabilities
*
Total
compiled
receipts3
Compiled
net
profit
or loss *
Net income
or
deficit3
Number
of
returns
1
Total
assets
or liabilities1
Total
compiled
receipts
3
Compiled
net
profit
or loss1
Net income
or deficit
3
All corporations
Agriculture
Total.......... 416, 902 808,357.2 138, 906.8 1 .776.6 7,306.1 7,046 1,987.1 746.0 25.8 25.4
Under 50.............. 228,721 4,179.5 10,923.3 ‘ 1S1. s *131.7 3.171 69.1 60.5 * S.1 a 8.1
50-100................... GO, 238 4,282.4 7,607.8 37.9 37.6 1,265 90.0 62.8 • 1,5 « 1,5
100-260....... ......... 58,817 9,283.4 12,308. 2 178.2 176.3 1,313 206.6 95.6 ‘ .4 ‘■4
250-500................. 27,992 9,868.0 9,794.3 242.1 235.0 596 203.2 70.6 A .4
500-1,000............. 17,587 12,325.4 0,830.2 317.4 303.8 353 244.4 66.6 1.7 1.7
1,000-6,000............ 17,897 37,278.4 21,029. 0 1,107.9 1,056. 6 300 592.3 160.9 6.7 6.5
5,000-10,000.......... 2, 620 18,186.7 8,461.7 542.3 617.0 34 223.5 79.9 4.3 4.2
10,000-60,000........ 2, 281 46, 641,9 19,622. 2 1,639.8 1, 566. 0 13
50,000 and over... 749 101,311.4 38,639. 6 3,842.3 3,547. 5 1
Mining and quarrying
Manufacturing
Total........... 11,4B7 9,146.2 8,272.6 290,3 293.6 85,474 55,728.1 61, 560.2 3,686.2 3,668.0
Under 50.............. 4,911 95.1 90.3 *6,5 *6.5 43,324 820.0 2,301.9 H I . 8 H I . 9
50-100................... 1,707 122.8 89.4 «.9 t.9 12,468 891.6 1,947.5 13.6 13.6
100-250................. 1,028 308.2 172.9 1.9 1.0 13,266 2,105.4 3,925.6 72.5 72.3
250-500................. 1,097 392.2 214.4 6.6 0.6 6,667 2,352.4 3,847.2 116.6 110.1
600-1,000........... 727 507.7 227.2 6.6 6.6 4,260 2,991.4 4,390.6 171.4 170.6
1,000-5,000______ 821 1,744.7 508.5 30.1 36.7 4, 237 8,917.0 11,033.7 634.4 630.8
5,000-10,000.......... 137 923,3 259.8 21.2 21,0 598 4,171.6 4,217. 5 291.1 280.2
10,000-50,000......... 117 2,251. 5 804.7 83.9 83.1 521 10,510.6 0,773.8 807.6 803.7
5Q,QQG and over... 22 2,800.7 785.4 147.9 146.4 143 22,057.1 20,122.4 1,620.8 1,614.1
Construction
Transportation and other public
utilities
Total......... 14,807 1,702.0 2,356.4 47.3 46.4 20,775 64,048.0 13,234.6 1,084.2 1,075.9
Under 60.............. 10,192 1G3.Q 606.0 6,1 ‘ 6.1 12,206 197.2 393.0 •4-4 U . f
50-100................. 2,016 141.9 203.5 .5 .5 2,258 159.3 213.8 4.4 4.4
100-260................. 1,627 234.0 406.1 6.8 6.3 2,275 300.5 322.4 10.1 16.0
260-600................. 571 200.fi 293.6 7.6 7.4 1,125 397.0 269.1 10.6 10.5
500-1,000............... 264 181. fl 211.7 6.9 6.4 867 010.2 312.2 22.8 22.7
1,000-5,000............ 20S 393.9 328.5 25. C 24.7 1,133 2,647.1 808.8 67.2 66.9
5,000-10,000........ ie 113.1 111.2 4.6 4.6 31C 2,248. fi 522.8 46.8 46.5
10,000-50,000____ la 376 8, 647.4 1,983.0 251.2 249.8
60,000 and over... i 219 49,474.4 8,409. 5 669.5 663.5
Trade
Service
Total........... 128,200 18,852. 8 44,199.2 845.5 842.2 49,751 10,835.0 4, 005.1 35.7 34.5
Under 50.............. 85,321 1, 568. a 5,925.1 *84.8 *S4.8 28,980 452.3 1,076.8 8.4 f l8.4
50-100................... 19,047 1,342.5 4,262.1 23.4 23.4 6.411 457.4 418.3 6.8 6.7
100-250................. 14, MS 2,220. a 6,226.0 69.8 69.7 0,666 1,065.0 691.6 13.5 13.4
250-500................. 4,93; 1,713.5 4,388.2 74.2 73,9 3,686 1,278.3 430.8 0.7 8.5
500-1,000............... 2,392 1,630.5 3,837.3 70.5 70.3 2,058 1,434.8 444.3 3.4 3.1
1,000-5,000............ 1,708 3,290.1 7,023.8 171.fl 171.2 1,717 3,422.3 923,7 14.9 14,4
5,000-10,000......... 17£ 1,220.8 2,449.6 66.2 65.8 157 1,056.6 209.0 4.8 *18
10,000-60,000........ 147 2,606.0 4,784.1 153.8 153.1 71 1,147.4 319.6 *4.5 *4.6
50,000 and over... 26 3,245. 2 5,303.0 250.3 249.7 6 530.9 191.2 7.6 7.6
Finance—Banking and insurance
Nature of business not reported
Total........... 98,438 140,402.3 8,927.3 1, 756.8 1,321.0 944 60.7 6.4 *1.4 * 1.4
Under 50.............. 39,851 807. G 565.6 o 25.1 *25,3 765 7.5 5.1 1,0

FEDERAL GIFT AND ESTATE TAX RETURNS 205
N o. 2 0 4 .— G i f t T a x R e t u r n s , F e d e r a l — Su m m a r y : 1934 t o 1937
[All money figures end net gift classes in thousands of dollars]
TOTAL 1937:
Nontaxable
returns,
1934 1936 1036 1937 no net
gifts
1937: TAXABLE RETURNS—NET GIFT
CLASSES
Under
60
60-200 200-600 600-
1,000
1,000
and
over
Number of returns_____ 9,270 22, 563 13,420 13, 695 9, 567 3, 265 604 141 24 4
Total gifts before exclusions...............................
888,763 2,180, 614 482,783 668,109 260,322 131, 683 102,699 61, 304 21, 636 10, 664
Real estate.................. 57, 723 150, 991 39,811 46,704 30, 401 10, 343 4,426 1,501 35
Stoolcs and bonds....... 640, 761 1, 558i 724 290,462 356,421 145,053 73, 092 70,400 41, 335 10,606 9, 885
Gash............................ 106, 265 185,889 88,469 86,074 37, 223 24, 684 15,716 5,845 1, 00c 641
Insurance.................... 35, 620 101,144 02,465 28, 732 12,0CC 11,177 4,384 60S 377 118
Miscoifaneous............. 48, 384 138, 766 32, a m 5 0 ,1 7 8 25, 585 12, 291 7,6 0 4 1,056 2 ,0 6 2 20
Exolusions not exceeding
siona............................... 805, 376 1, 013,165 370,408 447, 447 178, 403 07, 303 02, 214 48,1B3 20,815 10, 510
$5,000 for each donee__
Total gifts after oxclu-
83,377 217, 358 112,376 120, 662 71, 919 34, 281 10,385 3, 111 820 145
Deductions........................ 203, 290 717,155 235,428 200, 608 178, 403 63, 783 28, 505 3, 045 1,633 181
Charitable gifts after
exclusions”. .............. 73, 814 113, 320 47, 635 76, 614 49, 208 7, 26C 16, 761 1,811 1,412 61
Specific e x e m p tio n . 104, 476 60S, 835 187, 703 190,995 129,194 46, 524 12,803 2,134 220 120
N e t gifts............................. 637,086
6B, 383
1, 196,001
160, 708
134,970 180, 939 43, 620 63,649
15,664 22, 768 2, 561 6,582
44, 249
6,708 19,182
4,181 10,330
8,737
1Specific exemption allowed for 1084 and 1035, $50,000; for 1080 and 1037, $40,000, taken in 1 year or spread
over a period of years at option of donor. For 1036 and 1037 data nro adjusted according to the provisions of
Soc. 301 (b) of tho Revenue Act of 1935.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau'of Internal Revenue; Statistics of Income, P art 1.
No. 2 0 5 .— E s t a t e T a x R e t u r n s , F e d e r a l — S u m m a r y :. 1916 t o 1938
N ote.—All money figures in thousands of dollars. Under the various revenue acts e s t a t e tax returns are
required: (1) In the case of every citizen or resident (only every resident for deaths prfor to May 11,1934)
decedent if gross estate exceeds $60,000 for deaths prior to Feb. 26,1026, and from June 6, 1032, to Aug. 30,
1036; $100,000 for deaths from Feb. 20, 1926, to June 6, 1932; and $40,000 for deaths on or after Aug. 31,
1936; (2) in the case of every nonresident alien (every nonresident citizen and alien if decedent died prior
to May 11,1934) who owned property in the United States at date of death. Estates of decedents dying
on or after June 6, 1932, are subject to two taxes, that levied under the Revenue Act of 1920 and an additional
tax levied under the act of 1032 or that act as amended. i
RETURNS
FILED
GROSS ESTATE
NET TAXABLE
ESTATE
TAT
YEAB
Resident
doeodents'
Nonresident
decedents'
Sept. 9,1916-Jan, 15, 1022____ 42,230 2,896
Jan. 16-Dec. 31,1022_________ 12,603 1,313
1023------- --------- --------- --------- 13,963 1,166
1 9 2 4 ................................. 13,011 1,602
1925 ..................................................................
14,013 2,000
1920__J.............. ...........................
1927.................................................
1028.......... - ....................................
1929 ______ __________
1930 ________________
1931 ..................................
1932 ..................................
1933'_______________________
1934*...............................................
1936'...............................................
1 0 3 0 >.........................-____ _____
1.937*.................................... .........
1038 '..............................................
13,142
0,363
8,070
8,682
8,798
8,333
7,113
8,727
10,363
11,110
11,005
16,037
15,932
1,426
1,347
2,167
1,761
1,584
1,566
1,304
1,548
1,500
1,614
1,716
1,095
1,710
Resident
decedents
1
8,785,642
2,966,960
2,774,741
2,640,922
2,968,364
3,386,207
3,140,290
3,503,239
3,843,614
4,108,617
4,042,381
2,795,818
2,026,931
2,244,107
2,435,282
2,290,257
2,707,739
3,040,977
Nonresident
decedents
>
107,507
68,113
29,587
25,600
42,726
21,056
26,045
51,032
49,732
57,106
33,195
34,570
34,026
23,178
24,609
16,103
26,019
22,648
Resident
decedents
1
5,407,674
1,652,832
1,804,821
1,372,421
1,621,008
1,951,909
1,735,840
1,943,429
2,268,323
2,376,973
2,327,319
1,391,669
970,868
1,160,533
1,316,888
1,245,305
1,022,018
1,724,539
Nonresident
decedents
'
101,849
52,142
27.440
23,395
37,861
20,567
26,777
49,075
45,653
50,481
20,013
31,868
30,056
20,033
22,888
14,627
23,095
20,670
Resident
decedents
i
351,138
117,624
88,384
71,451
80,223
101,324
40,031
40,501
43.303
39,003
44,540
22.304
69,429
95,228
153,763
195,301
305,784
314, 620
Nonresident
deeddonts*
5,378
2,938
720
488
1,099
481
755
1,398
1,086
2,614
660
1,310
1,986
988
1,703
1,066
2,665
2,182
i Includes citizens residing outside the United States who died on or after May 11,1934.
>Excludes citizens residing outside the United States who died on or after May 11, 1934.
' The not taxable estate for decedents who died after 4:69 p, m. Juno 6,1932, is net estate subject to the
additional tax under the Revenue Act of 1932 or that act as amended. The data on not taxable ostate for
tho years 1933-37 have been revised. Tho tax is tho tax imposed by tho Revenue Act of 1926 plus the
additional tax under the Revenue Act of 1932 or that Act as amended.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Statistics of Inoome, P art 1.

N o . 2 0 6 .—E s ta te T ax R etu rn 's, F e d e r a l—A n aly sis o f R e tu rn s o f R e sid en t D e c e d e n ts ,1 1935 to 1938, and by N e t E s ta te
(Before Specific E xemption) Classes, 1938
[All money •figures and net estate (before specific exemption) classes in thousands of dollars] _______________________________________
1938____________________
Taxable—-filed under all acts
1936
Net estate (before specific exemption) classes3
Total
Nontaxable
Total
Under 50
50 under 200 under
5,000
200 600
and
1,000 | 5,000 over
N um ber of returns.
11,110 11,605 15,037 15,932 2,712 13,220 2,655 8,510 1,546 240 245 24
Gross estate, total__
2,435,2B2 2,296,257 2,767,739 S, 046,077
2,844,112 151,552 975,955 606,459 231,189 610,359 268,597
Beal estate. ._ _____________ 383,333 353,106 445,059 464,383 71,601 392,781 41,661 208,677 79,570 18,310 37.315 7,247
Bonds, exempt or partially exempt______ ___ 322,102 254,153 311,742 412,648 9,920 402,728 7,472 70,006 68,711 32,066 102,523 121,951
Other bonds_____________________________ 198,846 184,713 195,820 197,804 9,254 238,550 9,031 77,917 55.868 15,317 24,708 5,709
Capita] stock in corporations_______________ 901,311 923,300 1,165,585 1,273,672 55,300 1,218,372 41,356 331,296 268,429 121,324 338,702 117,264
Mortgages, notes, cash, ete_________________ 351,759 313,839 396,790 429,652 31,962 397,691 38,657 197,167
23,976 46,543 7,378
Insurance (gross)------------------------------- ------ 144,135 129,819
Insurance (net)..................................................
73,316 69,783 8,952 60,832 3,957 28,490 15,603 3,989 7,410 1,382
All other property............—............................... 133,795 137,326 179,427 199,035 15,877 183,158 9,417 62,400 34,312 16,206 53,155 7,666
Deductions, total..______ . . . . . 1,943,789 1,762,684 2,215, 858 1,885, 755 266,231 1,119,523 138,804 542,161 160,444 57,673 165,794 45,647
Specific exemption under 1926 a c t3................... . 1,110,350 1,159,650 ‘ 503,150
Specific exemption under 1932 act or that act
as amended3_______________ ___________
640,650 n o , o i o 530,640 106,200 341,930 62,150 9,600 9,800 960
Charitable, public, and similar bequests____ _
128,053 126,571 200,036 30,891 169,145 5,692 36, 613 25,478 16,768 82,825 1,763
Property from an estate taxed within 5 years
31,798 37,411 48,214 804 47,410 3,475 24, 319 10,319 1,823 7,471 4
Funeral and administrative expenses, debts,
mortgages, etc.,___ __________________
375,507 548,726 496,855 124,527£ 372,328 23,437 139,292 71,495 29,484 65,700 42,922
Debts, mortgages, etc__________________
(0 (8) 317,315 111, 320 205,995 14,087 81,168 36,699 16,742 37,199 20,100
Funeral and administrative expenses_____
(0 (*) 156.845 11, 684 145,161 8,542 52,907 81,828 12,071 26,754 13,001
Losses during administration.,^_________
(«) 1,073 7,250 4,963 22,533 24, 353
Bet tax_____________________________________ 153, 763 195,801 305, 784 314, 620
314> 620 259 32, 814 60,507 29,918 104,190 86, 937
1Includes returns of all citizen decedents, regardless of place of residence, who died after M ay 11, 1934.
2 The basis for net estate classes is the amount of net estate before the deduction of specific exemption. For returns of decedents who died on or after 5 p. m., June 6,1932, the
net estate and specific exemption used are those providedin computing the additional taxunderthe Revenue Act of 1932 or that act as amended and not those provided under the 1926 act.
3 Specific exemption allowed under act of 1924 and prior acts is $50,000; act of 1926, $100,000. Specific exemption allowed for computing additional tax under act of 1932 and
act of 1932 as amended by 1934, $50,000; and act of 1932 as amended by 1935, $40,000.
* For years 1935-37 the deduction tabulated is that computed under 1926 act; for 1938 the deduction is that used for computing additional tax under 1932 act or that act as
amended, except for 19 returns for decedents who died prior to June 6, 1932. 3 Not reported separately. 8 Less than $500.
7 Credits for estate, inheritance, legacy, or succession taxes paid to any of the several States, Territories, or District of Columbia and gift taxes paid to the Federal Government.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Statistics of Income, Part 1.
bo
o o
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES

JUNE
30—
1800.
1810.
1820.
1830.
1840.
1850.
1865.
1860.
1865.
1870.
1875.
1878.
1870.
1880.
1881.
1882.
1883.
1884.
1886.
1886.
1887.
1888.
1889.
1890.
1801.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1800.
1900.
1001.
1902.
1903.
PUBLIC DEBT 207
No. 2 0 7 .— Public D ebt o p the United States: 1800 t o 1940
[All figures except per capita in thousands of dollars]
GROSS DERT 1
Amount
82,976
53,173
91,016
48,565
3,573
63,453
35,588
64,844
2,677,920
2 ,436r 453
2,166,277
2,159,418
% 298,913
2,090,900
2,019,286
1,866,916
1,721,959
1,025,307
1,678,651
1,555,660
1,405,485
1,384,632
1,240,471
1,122,397
1,005,807
968,210
961,432
1,016,898
1,096,913
1,222,720
1,226,794
1,232,743
1,430,701
1,263,417
1,221,672
1,178,031
1,159,400
Per
capita
$15.87
7.40
9.68
3.83
.21
2.77
1.32
2.06
77.07
63.19
49.06
45.37
47.05
41.09
39.35
35.37
32.07
29.60
28.11
27.10
24.97
23.09
20.39
17.92
15.76
14.88
14.49
15.04
15.91
17.40
17.14
16.90
10.33
16.56
16.71
14.89
M. 40
Interest
bearing1
35,418
64,683
2,217,709
2,035,881
1,708,676
1,780,738
1,887,716
1,709,993
1,625,568
1,449,810
1,324,229
1,212,664
1,182,151
1,132,014
1,007,692
036,622
815,864
711,313
610,520
685,020
585,037
635,042
716,202
847,304
847,365
847,367
1,046,049
1,023,479
087,141
931,070
914, 541
170
161
2,129
3,570
11,426
5,594
37,015
7,621
6,724
16,261
7,831
19,656
4,101
9,704
6,115
2,496
1,911
1,816
1.615
2,786
2,094
1,851
1,722
1,037
1,347
1,263
1,218
1,176
1,410
1,281
1,205
Matured
■Noninterest
bearing
'
458,000
397.003
436,175
373,089
374,181
373,295
386,994
390,845
389,899
393,088
392,299
413,941
451,078
445,013
431,705
400,208
393.003
380,404
374,301
380,005
378,080
373,729
378,082
384,113
389,434
238,702
233,016
245,680
243,660
JUNE
30—
1904.
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1014.
1915.
1910.
1917.
1918.
GROSS BERT 1
Amount
1919. 25,432,034
1020. 24,207,918
1921. 23,970,251
1922. 22,904,079
1923. 22,349,688
1924. 21,251,120
1925. 20,510,272
1926. 19,643,183
1027. 18,510,174
1928. 17,604,201
1920. 16,931,198
1930. 10,185,308
1031. 16.801.486
19.487.010
1932.
1933.
1934.
1,136,259
1,132,357
1,142,523
1,147,178
1,177,090
1,148,316
1,146,940
1,163,085
1,193,839
1,193,048
1,188,236
1,101,264
1,225,146
2,975,619
12,243,620
22,538,672
27,063,086
1036. 28,701,167
1930. 33,545,385
1937. 30,427,091
1938. 37.167.487
1939. 40,445,417
1940. 42,971,044
Per
capita
$13.88
13.60
13.50
13.33
13.46
12.91
12.69
12.28
12.48
12.26
12.00
11.83
11.96
28.57
115.65
240.09
228.32
221.09
208.97
200.10
186.86
177.82
167.70
150.04
146.69
139.40
131.49
135.37
155.93
179.21
213.66
225.07
261.20
281.82
285.43
308.84
325.22
Interest
bearing 3
895.157
895.158
895.159
894,834
897,504
913.317
913.317
916, 353
963, 777
905, 707
967, 953
960, 7.59
971, 663
2,712, 549
11,986, 882
25,234,406
24,061, 005
23,737, 362
22,711, 036
22,007, 591
20,081, 586
20,210,906
10,383, 771
18,250,944
17,317, 095
16,638,941
15,921, 892
16,519, 589
19,161, 274
22,157,643
26,480,488
27,645,230
32,755, 632
35,802,587
36,578, 085
39,891, 844
42,380,000
Matured
Noninterest
b e a r­
ing*
1,971 239,131
1,370 235,829
1,128 246,236
I , 087 261,257
4,130 276,056
2,884 232,114
2,126 231,408
1,880 236,752
1,760 228,301
1,060 225,682
1,553 218,730
1,607 210,998
3,473 252,110
14,232 248,837
20.243 237.504
II, 236,429 100
6,748
10,940
25,261
98,172
30,241
30.243
13,328
14,707
45,332
60,751
31,715
51,823
60,087
65,911
54,266
230,663
169,363
118,530
141,351
142,293
204,591
230,075
227,959
227,793
243,925
239,293
275,123
246,084
244,523
241,264
241.505
231,701
230,074
265,650
315,118
518,332
825,274
620,390
505,974
447,452
411,280
380,444
INTEREST-REARING BERT
Net debt,
Special
Gross
Non- including
Certificates
of bills. Govt, bearing Interest
Treasury issues to
BATE debt i *
interest- matured
Bonds * Notes 1 o
indebtedness
5 valuo and trust
tions,
maturity agenoies d e b t1 obliga­
funds
. cto.<
1917—Apr. 5~. 1 281 960 U, 023, 657
268.411 (')
1919— Aug. 31. 20 m 20H 17, 102, 803 5,044,707 4,201,209
245,400 25, 700,306
1920— June 30. 24 207 918 10, 218, 385 5,073,784 2,768,020
230,823 24,330,890
1924— Juno 30. 21 251 120 10, 025, 450 4,148,013 807,514
209,634 21,178,046
1925— June 30.. 20 510 272 10, 842, 200 2,730,931 533,285
95,400 305, 360 20,439,234
1920—Juno 30.. ID 043 1H3 10, 928, 279 1,708,713 452,870
203,900 259.412 19,672,705
1027—Juno 30.. 18 510 174 15, 305 1,085,964 UOM, UUO
358,500 250,230 18,422,288
1928—June 30.. 17 004 201 13, 818 2,582,118 1,252,408
402,352 280, 590 17,487,606
1920—Juno 30.. 10 931 198 12, 124, 702 2,207,138 1,040,200
600,902 292, 266 16,742,755
1030—June 30.. 10 185 308 12, 111, 336 1,620,110 1,264,355 165,916 764,171 203,410 16,985,383
1931— June 30-, 1ft 801 480 13, 530, 523 451,719 1,801,778 444, 580 290,089 281,897 16,481,025
1932— June 30.. 10 487 010 14, 249, 058 1,201,284 2,725,730 615, 632 308,970 325, 737 19, 225,532
1933— Juno 30.. 22 538 672 14, 223, 207 4,648,379 2,108,328 954, 493
381, 029 21,834,505
1934— Juno 30., 27 003 08(1 16, 509, 857 0,053,112 1,617, 245 1,404,035 auu, 408 572, 508 24,773,076
1935— June 30- 28 701 107 14, 935, 10,023,252
2,052, 898 033,242 1, 055, 037 27, 634,672
1936— June 30- 33 545 m 18, 304, 080 11,380,985
2,363, 610 020,142 780, 753 31,828,883
Dec. 31. 34 400 489 21), 574, 907 10,288,948
2, 202,929 032,045 700,000 33,127,418
1937— Juno as 30- 427, 091 21, 324, 232 10,017,241
2,303,094 1,658,020 624,504 34,466,647
Dec. 31. 37, 286 210 21, 402 10,647,067
1,052,104 2,220,754 570, 820 34,859,361
1938— June 30. 37, 167 487 23, 001, 023 0,146,923
1,154,164 2,075,675 688,802 35,864,520
Dec. 31. 39 439 O il 25, 962, 304 8,406,370
1,306,166 3,150,010 528,101 37,000,656
1939— June 30.. 40 445 417 27, 571, 712 7,242,710
1,307,669 3,760,854 653, 573 33,430,022
Doc. 31. 41 960, 699 29, 576, 322 6,202,606
1,454, 743 4,231,400 495, 538 30,773,622
1940— June 30.. 42 971, 044 29, 920, 321 6,382,600
1,302,194 4,774,804 SOI, 035 41, 381,908
i After deducting gold reserve against United States notos. Figures for 1800 to 1850, Inclusive, are as of Jan, l,
>Exclusive ol bonds issued to tho l’aclfio railways and the Navy pension fund.

208 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
N o . 208-— P u b l i c D e b t o e t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s -
D e c e m b e r 31, 1939
Interest-bearing debt outstanding........
Bonds:
Panama Oanal loan of 1961............
Conversion bonds of 1916-47..........
Postal savings bonds, series 18-49-
Treasury bonds:
4 # percent of 1947-52...................
4 percent of 1944-64___________
3& percent oi 1946-50................. .
3H percent of 1943-47................. .
3H percent of 1940-43................
percent of 1941-43...................
3H percent of 1946-49 ..........—.
3 percent of 1961-65.....................
3yi percent of 1941......................
3% percent of 1943-45..................
3 # percent of 1944-46................. .
3 percent of 1945-48.....................
3% percent of 1949-52_________
2 % percent of 1955-60................. .
2H percent of 1945-47................. .
■ 2% percent of 1948-51_________
9M percent of 1951-54_________
2 U percent of 1956-59.................
2H percent of 1949-53_____ _
2k percent of 1945.................
2 U percent of 1948...................... .
2 % percent of 1958-03.................
2% percent of 1950-52................. .
2 % percent of 1960-65................. .
2 percent of 1947...........................
2 percent of 1948-50....................
2 } i percent of 1961-53.................
United States savings bonds:»
Series A-1935...............................
Series B-1036—
Series 0-1937..
Scries C“1938__
Series D-1039..
TJnclassifted sales................................
Adjusted service bonds of 1945.............
Adjusted servfco bonds (Government
Life Insurance Fund aeries 1046).
Treasury Notes:
Series A-1940........................................
Series B-1Q40........................................
Series 0-1940................ -.......................
Series A-1941.............................„...........
Series B-1941........ ~...............................
Series 0-1941..........................................
Series A-1942.........................................
Series B-I942..........................................
Series C-1942....................... ..................
Series A-1943..........................................
Series B-1943.........................................
Series A-1944..........................................
Series B-1944..................——................
Series C-1944..........................................
Old-age reserve account, series 1941-44__
Eateot
interost
Percent
2,9
Railroad retirement account, series
1942-44.
Civil Service retirement fund, series
1040-44.
Foreign Service retirement fund, series
1040- 44.
Canal Zone retirement fund, series
1940-44.
Alaska Railroad retirement fund, series
1041- 44,
1Excopfc where otherwise indicated.
* Payable 20 years from date of issue.
3 Amount outstanding is current redemption value
maturity, 10 years after date of issue. Interest rate is
* A t option of holder.
Redeemable (on
and after) i
1 year from date
of issue.
Oct. 16,1947...
Dec. 15,1944..
Mar. 15,1946..
June 15, 1943..
Juno 15,1940..
Mar. 15,1941..
June 15,1046..
Sept. 15,1951..
June 15,1958-
Sept. 15,1950-
Dec. 15, I960..
Dec. 16,1948.
Dec. 15,1051.
After 60 days from
issue date.
....do.................
-do..
Oet. 15,1943...
Apr. 15, 1944-
JunelB, 1946..
Dec. 15, 1949..
Mar. 15, 1955..
Sept. 15,1945..
Mor. 15, 1948..
June 16,1051..
Sept. 15, 1956..
Deo. 15,1949-
-do-
-do_.
On demand *.......
On demand.........
After 1 year from
date of issue.
.......do..................
-do„
..do..
-do„
-Iss u e s O u t s t a n d in g o n
Payable
June 1,1901.........
Jan. 1,1946-47___
Jan. 1-July 1,
1940-55,J
Oct. 15, 1962.........
Dec. 15, 1954........
Mar. 15, I960.......
June 15, 1947........
June 15, 1943........
Mar. 15, 1943.......
June 15,1949........
Sept. 15,1955.......
Aug. 1, 1941.........
Oot. 15,1945.........
Apr. 15, 1946........
June 15,1948.....
Dec. 15,1952........
Mar. 15,1960.......
Sept. 15, 1947.......
Mar. 15,1951.......
June 15,1954........
Sept. 15,1959.......
Dec. 15, 1953........
Deo. 15, 1946........
Sept. 15,1948___
June 16, 1063........
Sept. 15,1952.......
Dec. 15,1965........
Dec. 15,1947........
Dec, 15, 1950........
Dec. 15,1953........
Various dates from
Mar. 1, 1045.
Various dates from
Jan. 1, 1946.
Various dates from
Jan. 1,1947.
V arious dates from
Jan. 1,1948.
Various dates from
Jan, 1, 1949.
June 16, 1945.........
On or after June 15,
1946.
Mar. 15,1940.........
June 15, 1940.........
Dec. 15,1940.........
Mar. 15,1941.........
June 15,1941.........
Dec. 15,1941.........
Mar. 15,1942.........
Sept. 15, 1942.........
Dec. 15, 1042.........
June 15, 1943____
Dec. 15, 1943.........
June 15, 1944.........
Mar. 15,1944____
Sept. 15,1944........
June 30, 1941 to
1944.
June 30, 1942 to
1944.
June 30, 1940 to
1944.
.......do....................
_do..
..do...... ............ June 30, 1941 to
1944. I
Amount
outstanding
.
1,000
dollars
41,465,181
49,800
28,895
117,673
758,946
036,693
489,080
454,135
352,993
644,870
818,627
755,432
834,453
400,528
518,738
035,874
491,375
611,094
214,429
223,496
620,687
981,827
786,141
540,844
450,978
918, 781
185,842
485, 385
701, 075
571,431
090,963
175,759
321,631
420,146
507,237
695,453
108,421
270,591
500,158
77,401
738,428
737,162
676, 708
503,878
204,425
426, 360
342,143
232,375
629,117
420, 973
415, 520
515, 211
283, 006
1,435,200
77,200
540,500
3,795
4,250
738
. Bonds are sold at a discount, payable at par on
approximate yield if held to maturity.

PUBLIC DEBT 209
N o . 208.-— P u b l ic D e b t o p t h e U n it e d St a t e s — I s s u e s O u t s t a n d in g o n
D e c e m b e r 31, 1939— Continued
SECURITY
Interest-bearing debt outstanding—Con.
Treasury notes—Continued.
Postal Savings System, series 1942-44___
Government Life Insurance Fund, series
1943 and 1944.
Fedoral Deposit Insurance Corporation,
series 1943 and 1944.
Certificates of indebtedness—Sneoial:
Adjusted servico certificate fund, series
i«4n
Unemployment trust fund, series 1040...
United Statos (legal tender) notos ($346,-
681,000) less gold reserve ($160,030,000).
National and Federal Beservo bank notesfl.
Bate
of interest
Percent
2
2
2
4
2H
*0.007—
0.036
Redeemable (on
and after) i
After 1 year from
date of issue.
....... do....................
....... do....................
Payable
Juno 30, 1042 to
1944.
Juno 30, 1943 and
1944.
Dec. 1, 1943 and
1944.
Jan. 1, 1940.........
Juno 30, 1940____
Various dates from
Jan. 3 to Mar.
27, 1940.
On presentation...
Amount
outstanding
1,0 0 0
d o lla r s
71,600
3,269
71,000
14,800
1,509,000
1,454,743
97,130
398,408
190,642
63
202,499
1,979
3,237
>Except where otherwise Indicated.
» Treasury bills are non-interest-bearing short-term securities sold on a discount basis with competitive
bids for each issue. The average sale price gives an approximate yield on a bank-discount basis. Yields
on all issues outstanding Dec. 31, 1039, ranged between the percents given above.
1 Assumed by the United States on deposit of lawful money for their retirement.
Source: Treasury Department, Statement of the Public Debt of the United States. Preliminary figures
published currently in ‘‘Dally Statement of the United States Treasury."
N o . 2 0 9 . — I n d e b t e d n e s s o p F o r e ig n G o v e r n m e n t s t o U n it e d St a t e s
Note.—In thousands of dollars. Figures are as of Mar. 31, 1940. Indebtedness of Qermany to United
States on account of costs of the American Army of Occupation and awards of the Mixed Claims Commission
is not included. On Mar. 31, 1940, this totaled $1,204,493,000 (reichsmarks converted to dollars
at par). Payments by Qermany to Mar. 31, 1940, amounted to $33,688,000.
COUNTRY
Germany (Austrian Indebted-
Total indebtedness
(payments
on pay­
Total
principal
ments
deducted)
rocoivod
FUNDED INDEBTEDNESS
Indebtedness
Prlnotpal
(not)
Accrued
interest
Payments on
account
Interest
UNFUNDED IN­
DEBTEDNESS 1
Payments on
account‘
Principal
Principal
Interest
»13,346,161 2,749,90S 11,231,004 23,901
467, 663 52,191 400, 080 56,873 17,100 14,490 2,058 18, 544
12,287
10,000 2,287
i65,789 20,134 165, 24i 547 19,830
304
21,321 1, 248 16,400 4,855
1,247
1
8,143 5,891 8,042 100 958 4,624
309
4,200,333 486,076 3,803, 060 336,683 161,350 38,660 64,690 221,886
20,017
6,674,431
34,626
2,413
2,026,626
8,790
863
2,024, 849
4,040
518
100,830
762
36
26,980
4.308.000
31,610
1,909
2.004.000
6,879
36 863
1, 206,431 232,000 1,232,771
3,010 981 1,807
504 74 443
20,626 37,100 6,767
1,911 9 622
202,182
3 357,897
1,159
7,870 1,238 0,198 1,673 235 1,002
169
142
22,646 200,067 60,768 1,287 19,311
4,791 03,861 1,064 2,700 29 1,799
8,750
2,589 61,625 193 1,225 728
206,816
64,914
3 395,002
61,818
364
26
1
57,509
131
10
2
27
2,048
263
B, 760
636
Paymonts of governments which have funded their dobts woro made prior to the date of the funding
agreements.
* See note 1 for principal amount of unfundod Indebtedness and accrued interest.
1Inoludos balances or amounts postponed under provisions of Joint resolution of Dec. 23, 1931.
1 Tho German Government has been notified that the Government of the United States will look to the
German Government for tho discharge of this indebtedness of the Government of Austria to the Government
of the United States.
Source: Treasury Department, Statement of tho Publio Debt of tho United States.

2 1 0 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
No. 210.— P u b l i c D e b t op t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s — T r a n s a c t i o n s D u r i n g
F i s c a l Y e a r s : 1933 t o 1939
[In thousands of dollars. “ Debt bearing no interest” Is amount after deducting gold reserve]
1133 i m 1035 1036 1037 1038 1030
Gross debt outstanding at beginning
of fiscal gear.......... 18,487,010 23, 538,072 27, 063,080 28,701,137 33,645,386 30,427,091 37,167,487
Interest-bearing debt............ 19,181, 274 22,187,843 26,430,488 27, 545, 230 32,766,632 36,802,587 38, 578, 085
Matured debt....................... 60, OS7 66,911 54,266 230,663 169,303 11S, 530 141, 351
Debt bearing no interest...... 265,660 316,118 618,332 826,274 620,390 506,974 447,452
Public debt issues.................
Pre-war issues........................
Certificates of indebtedness..
Treasury bills------------------
Treasury notes.....................
United States savings bonds.
Adjusted service bonds.........
Treasury bonds------- --------
Treasury (war) savings securities...................................
National and Fed. Res, bank
9, 897, 083
18,380
2,500,228
3,081,895
3,962,694
13, 582, 827 13, 126,731
27,580 25,719
1,875,251 213,000
4,385,976 4,007,066
2,796,256 4,911,170
62,507
4,177,903
2 1
3,351,393
14, 120,728
20,744
391,670
3,550,159
3,509,993
265,439
1,688,752
4,484,36!
9,591, SOB 9,621,317 13,080,783
651,339
3,604,543
1,404,697
522,231
640,747
2,768,352
1,455,870
3,757,949
1,978,370
505,176
12,761
1,910,603
notes, deposits for retirement...............
................... 93, 884 319,963 664,277 223,010 600
Publio debt redemptions..........
Pre-war issues.......................
Certificates ol Indebtedness-
Treasury bills........................
First Liberty loan....... .........
Second Liberty loan.........
Third Liberty loan...............
Fourth Liberty loan.............
Victory Liberty loan.............
Treasury notes............ -........
Troasury bonds.....................
United States savings bonds.
Adjusted service bonds.........
Treasury (war) savings securities...................................
National bank and Federal
Reserve bank notes, retirements..................................
Misc. noninterest-bearing debt.
6,645,420
2,010
3,181, 689
2,719,302
2
654
1,000
5
152
663,016
42,834
210
44,383
9,068,514
2,242
2,466, 649
3,929,410
2
410
712
1,855,531
111
045,457
61,113
11,477,710
1,801
1, 098,370
3, 320,590
1,788,407
280
456
3,077,590
70
1, 335, 620
555
531
143 123
116,725
2
9,276,511
073,194
405,019
3,233,135
103,305
169
253
1,276,755
48
2,138,641
2
11,253
957,492
77
247,310
2
428 477
2
6,710,203
1,830
449,687
3,666,199
14,850
130
160
19,460
42
1,043, 250
632
36,328
463,275
42
114,402
1
8,880, 921
1,777
909,010
4,850,487
18, 783
114
200
15,439
27
2,875,007
322
60,869
82,625
31
59, 111
1
1,749,000
5,227,360
2,015,896
715,669
6,661
3,372,302
9,808, 863
310
1,360,910
5,06G, 764
2,386
148
5,480
52
3,212,210
9
82,067
42,368
19
30162
10
Oross debt outstanding at end
of fiscal year...___ _____ 22,638,672 27,053,086 SB, 701,167 33,645,385 30,427,091 37,167,487 40,
Interest-bearing.................... 12,167,043 26,480,488 27,645,230 32,765,632 35,802,587 30,678,686 39, 445,417
891,844
Matured debt....................... 65,911 64,200 230,663 169,363 118,630 141,351 142,293
Debt bearing no interest...... 315,118 518,332 825, 274 020,390 60S 974 447,452 411,280
Source: Troasury Department, Annual Report of the Secretary.

CONTINGENT LIABILITIES OE THE UNITED STATES 211
N o . 211.— C o n t i n g e n t L i a b i l i t i e s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s — P r i n c i p a l
A m o u n ts o f O b l i g a t i o n s O u t s t a n d i n g a s o f Deo. 31, 1939
[All figures ia thousands of dollars]
Amount TITLE Amount
Guaranteed by U, S. (as to principal and
interest), total_____________:______ I 6,70S, 827
Unmatured obligations.................
Commodity Credit Corporation___
notes, Series D, 1941.............
1% notes, Series E, 1941..................
Federal Farm Mortgage Corporation................................................
3% bonds of 1944-49.........................
3H% bonds of 1944-64......................
3% bonds of 1042-47.........................
2M% bonds of 1942-47...,...............
Federal Housing Administration......
3% debentures, Series A . . ..............
2%% debentures, Series B—
2nd called.......................... .........
2%% debentures, Series B-~
Uncalled.........................................
Homo Owners’ Loan Corporation—
3% bonds, Scries A, 1944-52............
244%
f
bonds, Series G, 1942-44.........
’a bonds, Series K, 1940................
I bonds, Series L, 1941— .........
% bonds. Series M, 1945-47........
Koconstruotion Finance Corporation.................................................
42% notos, Series N ..........................
8,821,189
406,794
202,553
204,241
1,289,388
835,080
94,079
230,470
103,148
3,643
2,127
600
750
* 2,731,230
778, 579
879,039
127,807
190,838
754,907
* 1,006,067
211,400
Guaranteed bjr U. S.—Continued.
Beconstruction Finance Corporation-Continued.
42% notes, Series P ........... ..............
42% notes, Series R ..........................
1% notes. Series S.............................
Tennessee Valley Authority..............
U. S. Housing Authority, 152%
notes, Series B, 1944....................
Matured obligations...................
Commodity Credit Corporation,
H% notes, Series 0, 1939.................
Federal Farm Mortgage Corporation,
1H% bonds of 1939..........................
Federal Housing Administration,
iH debentures, Series B—1st called.
Home Owners’ Loan Corporation___
1H% bonds, Series B, 1939-49.........
15s% bonds, Series 0 , 1938..............
2% bonds, Series E, 1938.................
142% bonds. Series F, 1939..............
On credit of United States, total....... ;___
Postal Savings System:
Funds due depositors......................
Tonnossoo Valley Authority, 2K%
bonds, Series A, 1943........................
Other obligations:
Federal Reservenotes (face amount).
298,639
310,090
275,888
«
1114,157
*2
•430
4
82,222
H 81,024
5
86
207
u 1,278,982
1! 1,270,662
118,300
10 4,048,642
i Maturod interest amounted to $3,554,000 on Doc. 31,1939.
i Does not include bonds of 1940 amounting to $10,000,000 bold by the Treasury and reflected in the
public debt.
• Does not include Scries N bonds amounting to $20,000,000 held by the Treasury and reflected in the
public debt; but does Include bonds amounting to $3,000 hold by the Homo Owners’ Loan Corporation as
“Treasury” bonds pending cancelation.
i Docs not include notes amounting to $10,898,000 hold by the Treasury and reflected in the public debt.
1 Bonds amounting to $273,000 issued under Section 15a and an interim certifteatc amounting to $60,000,000
issued under Section 18c of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, as amended, are held by the Treasury
and reflected in tile public debt.
I Does not include Series 0 notes amounting to $10,000,000 held by tbe Treasury and reflected in the
public debt.
•Funds have boon deposited with the Treasurer of the United States for payment of outstanding
matured principal and interest obligations guaranteed by tbe United States.
8 Does not include notes amounting to $243,000 in transit (or redemption on Dec. 31,1939.
* Does not include bonds amounting to $11,000 in transit (or redemption on Doc. 31,1030.
10 Does not include bonds amounting to $332,000 in transit for redemption on Doc. 31,1030.
II Matured interest amounted to $34,920,000 on Deo. 31,1939.
11 Figures are as of Oct. 31,1939—those of Doe. 31,1030 not available. Oflsot by cash in designated depository
banks and the accrued interest amounting to $54,949,000, which is secured by tbe pledgo of collateral
as provided in tho Regulations of the Postal Savings Systran, amounting to $54,007,000; cash in possession
of System amounting to $85,080,000; Government and Government-guaranteed securities amounting
to $1,174,619,000 held as investments; and other assets.
11 Held by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
» In actual circulation, exclusive of $9,904,000 redemption fund deposited in the Treasury and $316,977,000
of their own Fedora! Reserve notes held by the issuing banks. The collateral security for Federal Reserve
notes issued consists of $5,371,000,000 in gold certificates and in credits with tho Treasurer of the United
States payable in gold cortifloatos, and $1,366,000 in commercial paper.
Source: Treasury Department, Statement oi the Public Debt oi the United States.

2 1 2 NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES'
N o . 2 1 2 .— S e c u r it ie s O w n e d b y t h e U n it e d St a t e s G o v e r n m e n t a s or
D ec. 31, 1939
N ote.—All figures in thousands of dollars. On the basis of the face value of the securities received by the
U nited States, with due allowance for repayments. To the extent that the securities are not held in the
custody of the Treasury, the statement is made from reports received from other Government departm
ents and establishments. The amount of foreign obligations was $13,346,154,000 on Dec. 31, 1039; for
detailed figures for such obligations as of Mar. 31,1940, see table 200
SECURITY Amount SECURITY Amount
Total. 2, n r, 188
Capital stock____ ______ ___________
Banks for Cooperatives___ ________
Central Dank for Cooperatives...........
Commodity Credit Corporation_____
Disaster Loan Corporation_____ ____
Electric Home and Farm Authority..
Export-Import Bank of Washington..
Federal Crop Insurance Corporation..
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation__________
_______________
Federal Farm Mortgage Corporation.
Federal home loan banks.....................
Federal intermediate credit hanks___
Federal land banks..............................
Federal National Mortgage Association..............................-........-...........
Federal savings and loan associations..................................
.................
Federal Savings and Loan Insurance
Corporation.......................................
Homo Owners’ Loan Corporation___
Inland Waterways Corporation..........
Panam a Railroad Company................
Production credit corporations............
Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
R F C Mortgage Company....................
Regional agricultural credit corporations...................................................
Tennessee Valley Associated Cooperatives,
Ino............................................
U. S. Housing Authority.....................
U. S. Housing Corporation.................
U. S. Spruce Production Corporatio
n ...................................................
Paid-in surplus____________ _______
Federal intermediate credit banks___
Federal land banks...............................
Federal National Mortgage Association....................................................
1,753,461
99.000
50.000
100,000
22.000
360
>46,000
16,000
150.000
200.000
124,741
70.000
125.000
•10,000
39,679
• 100,000
‘ 100,000
12,000
7.000
120.000
• 309,216
>26,000
6.000
1
1,000
‘ 1,905
100
2 i s , e e o
30,000
187,690
> 1,000
Bonds and notes_________ __________
Federal Farm Mortgage Corporation.
Home Owners’ Loan Corporation.......
Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
Tennessee Volley Authority................
U. S. Housing Authority.......... ..........
Other securities____________________
Farm Credit Administration:
Loans to cooperative marketing
associations and stabilization corporations........................................
Loans to Joint stock land banks.......
Seed, feed, drought relief, and crop
production loans.............................
Farm Security Administration:
Rural rehabilitation loans to tanners,
etc...... ......... -............. —
Interior Department:
Indian loans................... —
N avy Department:
Sales ot surplus property...................
Public Works Administration:
Advances to States, municipalities,
railroads, and others....................
Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration:
Loans............. ....................................
Capital stock of Puerto Rico Cement
Corporation...........................
Rural 'Electrification Administration:
Advances to cooperatives, States,
and private utilities.......................
Treasury Department:
Counties and mnnicipallties______
Railroads..........................................
Securities received by the Bureau of
Internal Revenue in settlement of
tax liabilities...............................
U. S. Maritime Commission:
Ship construction and reconditioning
loans, ship sales notes, etc.......
101,171
10,000
20,000
10,898
60,273
10,000
373,836
30,961
18
167,717
267,146
2,624
4,607
72,393
4,142
1,220
>183,244
2,394
30,186
172
58,022
■Reconstruction Finance Corporation funds amounting to $45,000,000 and appropriated funds amountin
g to $1,000,000,
>Reconstruction Finance Corporation funds.
1 Home Owners’ Loan Corporation obligations issued for capital stock subscriptions.
* Balance after deducting funds expended for subscriptions to capital stock of Federal Savings and Loan
Insurance Corporation.
‘ Balance after deducting funds expended on account of securities included elsewhere in this table.
9 T he balance of the amount paid In hy the United States on outstanding stock is $34,100,000, Above
am ount represents net amount of assets available to liquidate such stock.
1 1ncludes Reconstruction Finanoe Corporation funds amounting to $109,786,000.
Source: Treasury Department, Statement of the Public D ebt of the United States.

TAX-EXEMPT SECURITIES 2 1 3
No. 213.— T a x - E x e m p t S e c u r i t i e s — E s t i m a t e d A m o u n ts O u t s t a n d i n g , I n ­
t e r e s t o n W h ic h is W h o l l y o r P a r t i a l l y E x e m p t F ro m F e d e r a l In c o m e
Tax: 1913 t o 1939
Note.—In millions of dollars. Data are revised figures as of June 30
JUNE 30—
Total
INTEREST EXEMPT PROM NORMAL INCOME TAX AND SURTAX
Total outstanding issues
States,
counties,
oities,
etc.
Federal
farm
loan
system3
Total
Net outstanding issues1
States,
counties,
cities,
etc.
U. 8.
Government
Territories
and
possessions
U. S.
Government
Territories
and
possessions
Federal
(arm
loan
system >
IfilR fi fi31 4,528 906 37 4,910 3,908 966 36
1914 6,954 4,949 908 37 5,283 4 ,2 8 0 m so
IftIK 6,427 5,417 970 40 6,682 4.682 961 39
lOlfi £ 887 5,875 972 40 6,034 5,082 913 39
£ 290 2,713 46 8,120 6,430 2,646 45
1918.............. 9,187 6,643 2,387 46 lii S, 118 6,694 2,325 45 54
1919.............. 10,169 7,042 2,796 47 274 3,939 5,990 2,766 46 137
1920.............. 11, 308 7,746 3,112 49 401 10,029 6,066 3,080 48 235
1921.............. 11,922 8,476 2,936 61 460 10,615 7,380 2,905 57 267
1922.............. 12,994 9,893 2,294 77 730 11, 601 8, 565 2,269 76 591
1923.............. 14,074 10,598 2,294 120 1,002 12,443 9,092 2, 273 118 960
1924 _____1 15,290 11,633 2,294 132 1,231 13,537 10, ooo 2, 278 125 1,128
1925 ....... 16, 645 12,830 2,176 134 1,606 14,748 11,077 2,162 126 1,384
1926.............. 17, 636 13,664 2,164 149 1,660 16, 688 11,776 2,151 134 1,528
1927.............. 18,846 14,735 2,164 158 1,789 10, 602 12,716 2,151 141 1,686
1028.............. 19,892 15,699 2,166 101 1,860 17,623 13,560 2,152 149 1,762
1929.............. 20,957 16,760 2,168 162 1,867 18, 642 14,479 2,154 147 1,762
1930.............. 23,785 17,985 8,764 165 1,871 20.722 16, 660 3,230 152 1,706
1931.............. 26,760 19, 060 4,043 162 1,886 22, 778 16,918 3,933 148 1,779
1932.............. 28, 310 19,330 7,046 160 1,780 26,086 17,930 5, 345 137 1,674
1933.............. 31, 499 19,617 10,133 155 1,694 27,946 18,074 8,162 131 1,588
1934_______ 33,354 18,823 12,194 150 2,187 28,852 17,234 9, 623 125 1,870
1935.............. 35,080 18,972 13.565 144 2,399 29,411 17,172 10, 650 118 1,471
1936.............. 36,947 19, 212 16, 272 145 2,318 31, 240 17, 317 12,405 119 1,399
1937.............. 30, 591 10,152 16,006 146 2 ,2 2 8 * 27, 907 14,854 1 1 ,6 0 0 120 1 ,3 0 3
1938.............. 84,959 19,170 13,402 146 2,151 * 25, 063 14,738 8,898 123 1,304
1939.............. 34,666 19,626 12,800 160

10. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCES
AND EMPLOYMENT
Q b n e e a t , Note,—The term “ General government," a s used In this seotion, covers all governmental
transactions other than those ol public-service enterprises.
No. 214,—Revenues and Cost Payments, 1912 and 1932, and Debt, 1902,
1912, 1922, and 1932, P oe F ederal, State, and Local Goveenments
Total amounts in millions and tenths of millions of dollars; per oapita in dollars. For annual estlmatesbi
State and local securities outstanding, see table 213; for data for large cities, tables 236 and 238]
AGGREGATE
Total
Per
capita
NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT
Total
Per
capita
STATES
Total
Per
capita
COUNTIES
Total
Per
capita
All
other
civil
CITIES,
TOWNS, VIL­
LAGES, AND
BOROUGHS
Per
Total capita
divisions
i
Revenue receipts:
1912...................... 2,789.9 28.74 >963.6 9.82 367. ( 3.8C 370. C 4.32 * 1,098.7 124.32 (*)
1982...................... 11,477.3 92.18 3,906.6 31.24 “2,605.8 “20.24 1,411.8 12.8? 3,694.6 45.32 2,050.3
Gross debt less sink-
: mg-hmdasBfltB*.
1902...................... 2,838, t 35.0! * 969.6 12.22 239. ‘ 3. OS 196. f 2.8C 1,340.? (*) 86.7
1912...................... 4,860. { 49. u: 0 1,028.8 10.6f 346.1 3.67 371.6 4.3* 2,871. f 64.2f 232.7
1922...................... 30,845. ( 283.7(

REVENUES AND' COST PAYMENTS— STATE 2 1 5
No. 2 1 6 .—R evenues and C ost Paym ents o f G e n e ra l G overnm ent o f
S ta te s, by S ource and F unction: 1932 and 1937
Note.—F or statistics of public-service enterprises for 1937, see table 219. Revenues exclude borrowings and
other nonrevenue receipts. Cost payments exclude outlays and interest, and debt retirements and other
noncost payments. Because of a obange in classification of accounts for 1937, it is impracticable to present
comparable data for 1932 for some of the items. Data for 1937 are for fiscal years ended in 1937; those in
the 1932 columns are for fiscal years ended in 1932, except for 7 States, for which 1931 fiseal-year data
were included
SOURCE OF REVENUES AND FUNCTION OF COST
PAYMENTS
Revenues of 48 State governments, total.
Taxes:
General property.............................
Selective property...........................
Special property..............................
Income:
Corporation.................... ..........
Individual.................................
Inheritance and estate....................
Poll.'................................................
Severance.........................................
General sales and use...................................
All other........................................................
Business...............................................................
Nonbusincss license and permit;
Motor vehicles..............................................
All other............................................... ........
Unemployment compensation...........................
All other4....................................................... .....
Nontaxes:
Special assessments and special charges............
Grants..................................................................
Charges for current services...............................
Contributions from public-service enterprises.
All other7..........................................................
Cost payments for operation and maintenance of
48 State governments, total__________________
General administrative, legislative, and judicial...
Protection to person and property...........................
Health and sanitation:
Grants to minor civil divisions_____ _______
All other___________ -
Development and conservation of natural resources:
Grants to minor civil divisions..........................
All other.......... ...................................................
Highways:
Grants to minor civil divisions_____________
All other___ ___________________________
Oharities:
Grants to minor civil divisions----- --------------
All o th er...____________ ____________ ____
Hospitals and institutions for handicapped..........
Correction............. -.
Education:
Schools:
Grants to minor civil divisions. . . _______
All oth er--............ ....................................
Libraries.............................................................
Recreation___________________ —
Contributions to public-service enterprises............
All other..................................... —
1933 1937
Amount Per
Percent
of
Amount Per
(thousands
of
capita
(thousands
of (dol-
capita
(doltotadollars)
lots) dollars) lars)
Percent
of
total
2, HO, 898 17.27 100,0 4,093,196 81.90 100.0
| 320, 440
/ 206, 433 1. 61 5.0
2.58 16,0
1 47,817 .37 1.2
106, 613 .86 5.0 119,147 .98 2,9
} 47,526 .38 2.2
\ f 164,153
81,046 .63 2.0
1.28 4.0
142, 961 1.16 6.7 114,903 .90 2.8
6,114 .04 .2 4, 654 .04 .1
(') 0) 44,137 .34 1.1
415,680
(>)
W m (>) 208,372 1.62 5.1
8267,290 82.16 '12.6 304,870 2.38 7.4
3.35 19.4 040, 301 5.00 15.9
0) 430, 990 3.36 10.5
266,812 2.14 12.4 809,458 2.41 7,6
14,063 .11 .7 17,363 .14 .4
340,770 2.70 8.5
184,027 .27 1.6 56,025 .44 1.4
18, 626 .15 .9 2,843 .02 .1
227,732 1.84 10.6 • 685,420 4,66 14.3
162,168 1.23 7.1 179,076 1.40 4.4
220,415 1.72 8.4
u 109,655 >*.88 11 7.1 391,143 3.05 14.9
166,060 1.26 10.1 183,277 1.43 7.0
63,269 .51 4.1 65,526 .61 2.5
403,498 3.25 26.0 686,262 4.96 24.2
187,809 1.51 12.1 191,256 1.49 7.3
2,376 .02 .2 2,455 .02 . 1
8,024 .06 .5 6,815 .05 .3
(«) w w 2,635 .02 .1
10,926 .0 9 .7 M100,292 .78 3 .8
i Included in all other taxes, if there were receipts from this source.
» Included in business taxes, if there were receipts from this sourc*.
s Includes sales taxes other than motor fuel, if there were receipts from this source.
* Includes following .taxes: Incorporation, franchise, documentary stamp, mortgage registry, stock transfer,
and other miscellaneous; and severance taxes for 1932.
*Frora minor civil divisions, $20,613,000: from Federal Government: Total, $564,807,000; highways, $317,-
409,000; education, $24,844,000; public health, $12,933,000; relief, $155,061,000; unemployment compensation
administration, $9,236,000; all other, $45,323,000.
* Not available.
7 Includes donations, pension assessments, fines, forfeits, escheats, highway privileges, rents, and
interest.
8 Includes $3,878,000 grants to minor civil divisions. 9 No data.
io Less than H o of 1 percent.
n Includes supervision of charities, hospitals, and correction.
io Includes $35,030,000 grants for general purposes.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report, Financial Statistics of States;
special release and official records,

216 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
No. 2 1 7 .— Revenues and Cost P ayments of
[All figures, except per capita, in
REVENUES
Total
Tax
D m aro N AND
STATE
Par capita *
Inher-
Amount! TotaU Propertcome
and
In­
itance
1037 i m estate
Bales
Busi-
Nonbusiness
license
and
permit
Unemployment
com-
pensation
Total, 48 States. 4,093,196 831. 90 817. 27 3,105,445 373,397 245, 199 114,903 1,288,670 304,870 326,821 346,770
New England____
Maine________
N, Hampshire—
Vermont............
Massachusetts-
Rhode Island—
Connecticut___
Middle Atlantic__
Now York.........
Now Jersey.......
Pennsylvania...
E, N, Central____
Ohio...................
Indiana..............
Illinois...............
Michigan...........
■Wisconsin.........
W. N, Central.......
Minnesota.........
Missouri............
N. Dakota........
S. Dakota.........
Nebraska..........
Kansas..............
S, Atlantic______
Delaware...........
Maryland-——.
Virginia...........
W. Virginia......
N. Carolina.......
8. Carolina.......
Georgia.............
Florida...........—
E. S, Central__ ...
Kentucky.........
Tennessee... . . .
Alabama...........
Mississippi.......
W. S. Central........
Arkansas..___
Louisiana..........
Oklahoma.........
Texas________
Mountain..........
Montana_____
Idaho................
Wyoming.........
Colorado...........
N. Mexico.........
Arizona.........
Utah.................
Nevada.............
Pacific..................
Washington___
Oregon..............
California..........
Hawaii...............
286,673 33. 37 20.68 218, 717 40,817 9,293 13,701 54,072
20,519 34.52 28.61 21,100 5,549 979 6,135
18,515 36.37 3 24.46 13, 530 2,943 709 3,826
12, 524 82, 78 30.23 9,174 1,092 533 235 2,835
145,332 32.84 317.2C 110,676 23.823 8,760 7,689 24,787
21,957 32.24 18.87 16,452 2,348 803 2,388
68,837 38. 85 22.9£ 45,606 4,867 3,285 14.152
1,016,511 87.05 10.5C 811,064 128,779 135,098 58,019 172,878
494,968 38. 28 20.1C 404,931 13, G31 104,892 ’33,650 65,303
143,470 33. Oil 22.37 109,872 29, 776 7,541 29,149
378,072 37.23 17.48 207,160 83.372 30,201 16,828 77,024
80S, 6S8 32.28 14.87 657, 157 41, 718 10,807 16,872 372,428
249,37G 37.04 11). i ’t 201, m 10, 217 2,208 109,894
101,332 20.23 17.

REVENUES AND. COST PAYMENT'S— STATE 217
G e n e r a l G o v e r n m e n t o f S t a t e s , b y S t a t e s ; 1937
thousands of dollars. See headnote, table 216]
r e v e n u e s —c o n tin u e d
Nontax
COST PAYMENTS
Operation, maintenance, and interest
T otal1 Grants
Charges
for
current
services
Interest
Contributions
Total
from
Total
publicservice
Per capita3
enterprises
1937
Amount
1032
Operation
and
mainte-
lays
DIVISION
AND STATE
987, 750 685,420 179,076 50,794 3,483,824 2,761,448 $21.44 $13.40 2,626,421 122,027 711,876 TJ.S.
69, 966 42,110 13,736 1,088 223,391 190,815 22.19 15.24 186, 595 4,021 32,776 N. E.
8,329 4,874 2,993 28,017 22,405 26.20 24.37 21,23C 1,175 5,612
4,986 2,607 1,299 835 16,900 13,177 26.80 m . 69 12,664 513 3,732 N. H.
8,350 2,153 482 252 11,127 8,471 22.17 19.42 8,174 297 2,656 Vt.
34,657 21,673 4,882 98,617 91,248 20.02 312.04 90,511 737 7,370
6, 606 4,229 091 22,802 14,361 21.01) 12.04 13,353 1,008 8,442 R. I.
13,131 6,574 3,389 45,018 40,954 23.5(J 16.95 40,662 291 4,964 Conn.
204, 547 94,441 30,698 22,727 810,912 698,224 25.45 17.4£ 662,01( 88,20E 113, 68E M. A.
90,038 49,088 11,073 429,734 367, 237 28.31! 20.57 344,112 23,120 02,497 N, Y.
33, 697 14,911 6,089 107,406 92,761 21.30 ih. 5:j 85,10C 7,655 14,735 N. J.
80, 012 30,442 12,936 22,727 273,682 238,225 23.46 12.09 232,798 6,427 35,457 Pa.
175,360 100,683 31, 856 11,396 687,144 565, 861 21.94 11.81 552,OSS 13,778 121,288 E.N. C.
48,191 25,575 0, 503 6,900 192,501 175,740 20.1(1 7.37 175,257 482 16,761 Ohio.
19,807 9,002 7,263
76,000 63,628 18.35 10.8C 63,459 17C 13,28C Ind.
41, 704 37,110 3,288 175,82G 130,485 16.59 9.09 121,831 8,654 45,335 111.
44,104 18,900 8,047 4,496 162,431 134,560 27,99 18.29 130,172 4,388 27,871 Mich.
21,563 10,096 6,695 79,484 61,447 21.00 17.64 61,364 82 18,037 Wis.
135, 256 92, 047 27,013 1,449 375,495 273, 689 19.80 11.01 259,626 IS, 06S 101, 906 W. N. O.
37,160 21,639 6,441 102,711 70,487 28.93 17. 29 72,170 4,311 26,224 Minn.
21,693 14,244 5,378 1,449 75,060 61,500 24.14 9.79 61,163 337 14,460 Iowa.
23,200 16,986 5,868 81,005 59,149 14.83 38.97 54,294 4,856 22,456 Mo.
10, 620 7,633 1,721 20,520 14,878 21.10 15.41 13,574 1,305 5,642 N. Dak.
10,610 6,961 1,967 20,419 14,158 20.46 10.07 12,003 2,155 6,201 S. Dak.
14, 482 11,321 2,046 32,105 21,748 15,94 9.96 21,731 17 10,357 Nebr.
17, 602 13,282 3,592 42,175 25,669 13.7U 11.62 24,687 982 16, 506 Kans.
89, 426 49,479 26, 964 7,138 362, 506 263, 605 15.92 11.36 248,180 15,425 88. 801 S. A.
3,166 2,023 539 12,038 9,411 86. ID 33.75 9,322 8E 2,627 Del.
11, 591 6,426 4,212 3 37,505 30,339 18.08 14.57 28,427 1,912 7,226 Md.
19,810 7,916 6,240 4,39C 55,990 38,561 14.34 13. ie 37,607 955 17,429 Va.
12,300 6,584 2,662 2,745 49,001 40,033 21.65 10.2C 36,352 3,68] 9,628 W, Va.
19,230 11,458 5,801 74,70S 55,428 15.95 12.39 48,385 7,044 19,28] N. 0.
8,129 6,224 1,718 32,857 23,734 12.71 8.52 22,012 1,722 9,12c S. O.
8,992 6,087 2,031 40,396 24,922 8.08 6.72 24,897 24 15,474 Ga.
6,219 2, 761 3,101
40, 290 41,178
53,414 37, 202 13,146 397 183, 348 130, 871 24.85
12.26 12.77 41,178 8,113 Fla.
19. 57 119,217 11,864 62,477 E. 8. C.
13, 030 8,144 4,320 47,693 35,171 12.12 9.5£ 33,78C 1,384 12,422 Ky.
11, 600 6,813 4,058 40,205 38,529 13.38 11. Of 33,799 4,73( 7,67f Term.
11,710 7,555 2,816 397 49,391 38,305 13.26 310.18 35,081 3,222 11,086 Ala.
17,074 14,690 * 1,952 40,159 18,867 9.36 3.91 16,55C 2,317 21,292 Miss.
94, 624 61,935 14,441 319,046 248,115 19.13 11. 56 233,363 12,72] 72, 93] w .s .c .
6, 233 3,607 2,345 26,633 23,090 11.34 12. It 18,079 5,017 3,537 Ark.
14,830 8,390 3,449 67,248 53,032 24.87 *13.98 47,00C 6,032 14,216 La.
21, 531 16,060 2,337 71,381 58,200 22.02 9.19 67,039 66] 13,181 Okla.
52,029 33,877 6,310 153,784 111, 787 18.10 11.44 110,675 1, 111 41,998 Tex.
70, 993 49, 826 8,761 3,1G£ 172,695 112, 937 20.86 18. 89 110,680 2,258 50,768 m .
11,149 7,537 933 1,47C 20,895 11,487 21.47 14.57 11,018 47C 9,408 Mont.
7,732 6,079 742 807 18,210 16,682 33.84 12.71 16,575 107 1, 529 Idaho.
7,480 5,645 449 342 13,161 7,162 80.48 24,01 7,021 141 5, 090 Wyo.
13, 736 9,746 2,804 49,155 31,273 29.25 13.47 30,626 347 17,882 Colo.
11, 938 7,432 1,228 23,281 13,173 31.22 16.93 12,604 569 10,108 N. Mex.
6,023 4,932 713 19,101 11,038 29.19 »18.27 11,827 111 7,103 Arlz.
8,900 5,874 1,695 55t 21,216 17,644 34.06 19.59 17,175 469 3,572 Utah.
4,027 3,582 198 7,676 3,578 35.42 29.8C 3,634 43 4,098 Nev.
94,166 67,89E 13,459 3, 4S( 338,78e 269,630 30.71 16.29 257,631 12,000 89, ise Fac.
23,432 14,375 3,51f 1,81( 71,033 55,255 33.65 17.04 54.57f 679 15,777 "Wash,
15,508 9,726 2,128 1,614 35,352 21,991 21. 52 320.23 19,758 2,232 13,361 Oreg.
55,226 33,568 7,815 232,402 192,384 31.49 15.35 183,297 9,088 40,017 Calif.
5,485 2,410 758 297 13,788 11,804 20.81 w 11,508 296 1,985 Hawaii.
2 6 7 7 0 6 °— 41--------16

2 1 8 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
N o . 2 1 8 .— R evenues and C ost P ayments of Gen era l Governm ent of
States: 1915 to 1937
[AU figures, except per capita, in thousands of dollars]
R E V E N U E S
COST p a y m e n t s
T S A R
Total
Per
capita
Total
Operation, maintenance, and interest
Total
Per
capita
Operation
and maintenance
Interest
i
Outlays
1
ltn f i 455,517 $4.63 492,769 397,579 $4.04 379,030 18,546 95,103
1919............................ 071,911 6.39 037,886 596,741 5.39 642, 061 24,080 71,145
1025....................-____ 1,475,146 13.10 1,606,164 1,103,140 0.79 1,035,478 67,662 503,024
1030.............................. 2,224,754 18.24 2,280,711 1,491,937 12.23 1,390,506 101,431 788,774
1032.............................. 2,140,896 17.27 2,446,433 1,991,999 13.41 1,552,075 109,921 784,437
1937.............................. 4,093,196 31.90 3,463,324 2,751,448 21.44 2,629,421 122,027 711,876
t Includes data for public-service enterprises prior to 1037.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report, Finanoial Statistics of States.
N o . 2 1 9 .— R e v e n u e s , C o s t P a y m e n ts , a n d G r o s s , F u n d e d o r F i x e d , a n d
N e t D e b t o f S t a t e P u b l i c - S e r v i c e E n t e r p r i s e s , b y S t a t e s : 1937
Note.-—In thousands of dollars. For statistics of general government, by States, see table 217
D IV IS IO N AND
STA TE
R E V E N U E S COST PA Y M EN TS D E B T 1
Alco-
Alcoholic beverage
holic
monopoly system
beverage
All
Total
other Total Contribution
All Funded
or Net*
other Gross’
m onov Total to gen- Other fixed*
oly
system
fund
Total 27 States.. 264,90S 245,519 18,885268,953 261,901 60,791200,510 17,652 91,057 88,770 77,419
5,730 5,698 162 4,340
3,830 3,839 3,839 4,259 4,259 81 648 648 618
n , n ................... 3,839 835 3.004
vt ............ 1,760 1,769 1,769 1,769 2&2 1,617
1,057 i.,057 886
886 11,109
R .I.................. 120 120 112 112 1,222 11,109 1,222 3,807 089
92 92 92 92
Mill. All.:
Fa.................... 76,800 79,890 83,155 83,156 22,727 66,428
e , s . a .:
Ohio 54,195 54,105 55,010 55, 010 6,900 48,110
in ........................ 16 16 20 20 12 12 12
Mlnti 34,031 34,529 402 35,992 35,626 4,490 31,130 366
W. N. G.:
8,728 8,728 8,622 8,022 1,449 7,173
TJ T>nV 6,342 6,342 5,807
5,867
839
673
673 2,000 3,425 2,000 3,013 3,013
8 . Dak.............. 839
226
S. Atl.:
Md.................. 05 95 05 96
Va .................. 16,565 16,565 16,431 16,431 4,390 12,041
TV. Va................. 12,705 12,705 12,218 12,218 2,746 9,473
fla 550 550 165
165 3,763 3,763 3,732
E. S. C.:
Ala.................. 3,828 2,660 1,178 3,210 2,262 397 1,866 958 9,676 9,576 9,575
W. S. C.:
La .................... 4,701 4,701 4,287 4,287 38,833
100 36,958 100 36,968 100
Mt.:
7,677 6,895 682 8,929 7,195 1,470 5,725 1,734 1,267 1,267 1,266
3,910 3,910 4,279 4,279 '807 3,472
1,985 1,985 1,985 1,985 342 1,643
Utah................. 4,024 4,024 3,012 3,912 560 3,362
Pacific:
3,154 3,164 3,092 3,092 1,81fl 1,276
8,114 8,114
7 ,650 7,656 1,614 6,042
Calif................. 3,147 3,147 % 316 2,316 19,103 19,103 17,064
980 980 888 888 11,214 11,214 11,214
■No debt reported for alcoholic beverage monopoly systems.
i includes floating debt not shown separately.
3 Comprises $71,013,000 of debt incurred for ports, harbors, docks, wharves, piers, and terminals, and
$17,757,000 for all other purposes, such as subway, airport, canal, mill and elevator, cement plant, railroad,
and for water conservation.
* Net debt is funded or fixed debt less sinking-fund assets.
Source of tables218and 210; Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report, Financial
Statistics of States,

ASSESSJ3I) VALUATION 0 *’ PROPERTY 219
N o. 2 2 0 .— St a t e A id t o M in o r C iv il D iv is io n s , b y P u r p o s e a n d T y p e
op A id : 1937
[In thousands of dollar.)]
PURPOSE Total Grants
Local shates
of shared
taxes
Total......... ................................. ........................................... 1,968,508 1,108,460 260,048
Development and conservation of natural resources................
180,046
3,878
302,002
807
2,238
220,522
642,592
2,009
13,754
35,030
3,878
209,771
807
2,238
220,415
030,262
145,01Q
92, 232
107
0,330
i 2,000
«13,754
1Consists of local shares of taxes for firemen's relief, teachers’ pensions, and police pensions.
» Consists of amounts shared for two or more purposes which could not ho segregated. Purposes for
whioh shared are: General, highways, charities, and schools.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report, Financial Statistics of States.
N o. 2 2 1 .— A s s e s s e d V a l u a t io n o f P r o p e r t y S u b je c t to G e n e r a l a n d
S e l e c t iv e P r o p e r t y T a x e s , b y St a t e s : 1932 a n d 1937
Note.—In millions of dollars. Valuation reported is the total that was subject to general and selective property
taxes for the State and local units within the State. The proportion of the total valuation that was
taxed by different governmental units, and the rates of taxation thereon, varied widely according to State
and local legislation. Figures do not show the relative wealth of the several States, owing to differences
in the bases of assessment and practices thereunder
D IV IS IO N A N D
S T A T E
Grand total...
New England..
Maine........
N .H ..........
V t...............
Mass..........
R. I............
Conn..........
Mid. Atlantic...
N . Y...........
N . J............
P a..............
E. N. Central...
Ohio...........
Ind.............
Ill...............
Mich..........
Wis........
W. II. Central..
M inn____
Iowa...........
Mo.______
N . D ak___
8. D ak.......
Nebr..........
Kans..........
S. Atlantic____
Del.............
Md______
Dist, of Col.
total
163,317
13,918
757
679
441
3,151
49,149
39,132
13,453
5.073
7,209
8,203
6.074
17,292
2,308
1,464
4,789
880
1,500
2,670
3,066
14,167
202
2,762
1,846
Total
Real
1937
Personal
Other1
139,615 110,465 23,062 6,089
12,177 10.558 1,534 86
664 574 90
686 504 44 37
322 242 33 47
0,269 6,743 520
1,357 942 41(1
2,970 2,554 425
44,272
25,608
6,250
38,049
26,688
4,775
4,774 448
1,027 448
12,354 8,007 3,747
30,071 22,768 5,980 1,823
*8,782 7,901 ■'831
5,069 2,488 2,557 24
5.153 3,763 992 408
0,260 4,797 1,115 338
4,816 3,828 435 553
16.496 16.898 3,366 1,231
2,042 1,200 830
3,243 2,437 503 243
3,797 2,709 552 440
487 350 131
1,036 786 158 91
2,174 1.581 603
2,717 1,733 533 461
12,777 7,978 3,698 1, 203
307 307 m
2,651 1,907 743
1,780 1,144 636
DIVISION AND
STATE
1932,
total
Total
1937
Real
Personal
Other1
S. Atlantic-con.
Va_._......... 2,353 2,080 1,144 697 238
W. Va........ 1,878 1,738 830 323 685
N. G........... 2,831 2,200 1,679 444 177
s. 0 .......... 408 3QQ 190 170
Ga.__......... 1,268 1,060 634 260 166
Fla............. 520 602 242 323 37
E. S. Central__ 6,627 5,201 3,819 1,438 535
Ky ........... 3,060
T enn.„__ 1,064 2,449
1,475 1,306
1,125 1,144
97 253
Ala............. 1,211 925 609 122 193
Miss........... 692 443 279 74 89
W, S. Central... 8, 216 6,235 4,358 1,587 m
Ark............ 555 427 306 120 1
La.............. 1,606 1,339 927 412
Okla........... 1,754 1,222 749 182 290
Tex ......... 4,241 3,248 2,376 873
Mountain_____ 4,539 3,458 2,150, 491 817
Mont......... 411 334 189 67 89
Idaho____ 428 381 276

2 2 0 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
N o . 2 2 2 .— T a x L e v ie s — L e v i e s o r G e n e r a l a n b S e l e c t i v e P r o p e r t y T a x e s ,
f o r S t a t e P u r p o s e s , b y S t a t e s : 1917 t o 1937
LEVIES OF GENERAL AND SELECTIVE PROP­
ERTY TAXES (THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
AMOUNT PER CAPITA (DOLLARS)
m i; MM m ;
19J* 1937 1917 1822 1927 1932 1937
Total..........
Alabama............ .
Arizona...............
Arkansas............
California...........
Colorado.......
Connecticut.......
Delaware...........
Florida...............
Georgia..............
Idaho................
Illinois...............
Indiana..............
Iowa.........-........
Kansas...............
Kentucky..........
Louisiana...........
Maine................
Maryland_____
Massachusetts..
M ichigan...___
Minnosota.........
Mississippi........
Missouri............
Montana............
Nebraska...........
Nevada..............
New Hampshire.
New Jersey........
New Mexico___
New York..........
North Carolina..
North Dakota...
Ohio..................
Oklahoma..........
Oregon...............
Pennsylvania...
Rhode Island...
South Carolina..
South Dakota...
Tennessee..........
Texas.................
Utah..................
Vermont..........
Virginia..............
Washington.......
West Virginia...
Wisoonsin..........
Wyoming..........
188,299 384,248 388,789 340,141 236,410 1.83 3.27 8.13 2.74 1.B4
4,337 6,133 7,203
1,971 3,773 4,460
3,400 6,033 5,345
2,508 6,647 6, oil
2,002 2,221 1,813
508 385
1,982 4,477 5,927
4,771 5,958 6,376
686 2,807 2,980
20,017 18,002 27,271
8,202 14,109 11,933
4, 421 .12,482 10,804
3,875 5,901 9,502
0,460 8,615 10, 521
4,170 8,270 9,918
2,568 3,982 4,880
3,310 6,101 5,006
8,000 12,000 12,000
11,861 25,881 29,334
6,280 8,371 10,720
2,575 5, 667 4; 345
3,425 0,023 6,458
1,523 2,182 1,940
3,076 7,426 5,850
864 1, 214 1,229
1,299 2, 901 3,037
12,118 25.172 36,545
1,250 1,586 2,824
1,074 21,254 22, 723
2,461
1,418 4,702 3,843
3.462 15,870 11, 471
2,408 844 849
2,550 8,835 5,287
870 1,256 1, 559
2,036 3,270 2,895
1,308 3,685 4,808
2,383 6,231 3,442
12,374 25,354 20,164
2,425 4,496 8, 245
1,068 2,036 1, 017
3,084 0,634 6,878
7,003 10,897 13, 792
1, 230 3,108 2,982
10, 518 15,773 7,451
910 1,124 1,971
7,843 6,011 1.86 2.56 2.87 2.94 2.08
5,830 1,879 7.59 10.46 9.87 13.22 4.69
4,827 3,738 1.95 2.81 2.79 2.59 1.84
10,723
5, 074 3,353 2.61 7.13 5.60 4.85 3.14
i, 775 1,630 1.02 1.65 1.12 1.09 .94
2.49 1.60
2,539 i, 232 2.22 4.37 4.42 1, 67 .74
5,079 3,181 1.67 2.01 2.01 1.96 1.03
2,459 1,965 1.62 0.15 5.61 5. 50 3.99
28,349 3.26 2.70 3.76 3. 66
5,992 5,994 2.94 4.73 3.80 1.83 1.73
8,108 9,444 1.99 5.12 4.46 3.68 3.71
7,265 5,407 2.10 3.31 5.21 8.83 2.89
9,786 5,311 2.71 3.53 4.10 3.71 1.83
9,580 7,699 2.28 4.51 5.13 4. 51 3. 61
5,858 4,950 3.32 5.15 6.17 7.32 5.79
0,275 5,494 2.43 3.43 3.71 3.80 3.27
7,500 12,250 2.15 3.02 2.83 1.75 2.77
42,214 8,034 3.86 0.73 8.60 8.61 1.80
15,029 17,374 2.77 3.41 4.02 5.82 6. 67
4,031 3,640 1.32 3,16 2.43 2.28 1.76
5,480 5,730 1.00 1.75 1.84 1,60 1.44
2, 254 2,149 3.32 3.69 3.55 4.19 4.02
0,198 3,776 2.42 5.02 4.21 4.47 2. 77
1,472 1,255 8.09 15.69 16.88 16.00 12.42
2,998 2,651 2.91 6.51 6.69 6.43 5.21
37,302 27,804 4.13 7.67 9.84 9,03 0.41
2,186 1,727 3.07 4.30 6.73 6.08 4.09
2,601 2,160 .10 2.00 2.00 .20 .17
4, 507 1,451 1.02 1.39 49,
3,328 2,109 1.88 7.20 5.99 4.87 2.99
6,182 .67 2.66 1. 72 .92
6,161 1.11 .40 .36
4,593 1,032 3.08 10.92 5.96 4.78 1.01
14,990 1. 48
1,209 1.41 2.02 2 22
2,698 2,747 1.25 1.89 1.57 1.55 1.47
4,805 51 1.86 5.69 6.04 6.96 .07
1,331 1,180 1.04 2.63 1.39 .50 .41
27,344 20,135 2.81 5.24 4.87 4.60 3.27
6,124 3,180 6.60 9.60 10.13 9.97 0.14
1, 207 421 2.93 5, 7H 2.88 3.52 1.10
4,730 3,736 1.41 2.80 w 1.94 1.39
12, 008 3,061 6.01 12.01 .8.81 7.59 2.22
3,568 1, 310 .88 2.05 1.77 2.03 .71
7,811 6,602 4.18 5.86 r*) « 2.26
1,612 57Q 5.11 5.47 8.21 7.04 % 43
• Not computed.
s t e t01927’ and 1937’ " Fi“ >

GENERAL PROPERTY TAXES 221
No. 223.— T a x L e v i e s — T o t a l L e v i e s o f G e n e r a l P r o p e r t y T a x e s
S t a t e a n d L o c a l G o v e r n m e n t s , b y S t a t e s : 1880 t o 1932
Norn.—The data represent the total levies of general property tares of States, counties, cities, villages’
towns, boroughs, townships, school districts, etc., and for tfil purposes. They do not cover "spcoial
assessments” on property benefited by specific improvements nor special property tares applying only
to limited classes, nor tares based on other standards than property, such as 1ncome, volume of business,
inheritance, etc., which have been steadily growing In relative importance. The change in buying
power of money affects materially the comparability of the figures. For data for 1860, 1870, and 1800,
by States, see table 437, Statistical Abstract of 1922
DIVISION AND
STATE
LEVIES 07 GENERAL PROPERTY TAXES
(THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS)
AMOUNT PER CAPITA (DOLLARS)
1880 1902 Mil 1922 1932 I860 1903 1913 1922 1932
Grand total___ 813,821 724,787 1,349,841 3,603,726 6,028,763 6.26 9.22 1191 32.23 40.37
Hew England--------- 42,492 76,306 127,232 270,616 S99,604 10.60 13.29 18.63 36.69 49.49
M aine.................. 6,182 6,866 8,987 22.206 31,308 7.99 9.78 11.86 28.83 39.13
New Hampshire.. 3,179 4,166 6,978 16,029 20,320 9.16 9.96 16.98 33.71 43.42
Vermont________ 1,746 1,911 4,020 9,188 12,101 5.25 6.52 11.17 26.07 33.61
Massachusetts----- 24,327 49,219 82,666 166.286 231,212 13.64 17.06 23.27 39.33 63.00
Rhode Island____ 2,603 6,133 8,192 19,926 28,063 9.74 13.66 14.13 32.12 41.60
Connecticut-------- 5,366 8,021 16,489 47,794 76,610 8.62 8.63 13.96 33.30 46.39
middle Atlantic____ 94,130 211,936 364,208 840,028 1,464,289 8.97 13.17 17.71 38.89 64.91
New York______ 66,393 132,711 221,467 464,878 824,022 11.09 17.49 22.80 42.72 64.32
New Jersey_____ 8,968 20,966 49,424 146,366 260,605 7.92 10.64 17.98 44.27 65.25
Pennsylvania____ 28,779 58,269 93,376 230,795 370,672 6.72 8.96 11.62 26.70 38.12
East North Central_ 78,602 172.421 222,021 869,682 1,220,670 7.00 10.47 16.38 39.27 47.62
Ohio....................... 25,767 47.460 76,697 224,423 302,861 8.05 11.16 15.45 37.63 45.42
Indiana_________ 11,943 27,968 45,644 117.138 138,341 6.04 10.84 16.63 39.20 42.31
Illinois..________ 24,686 63,013 84,834 260,380 301,159 7.99 10.56 14.37 37.60 6d 49
Michigan_______ 8,628 23,477 47,998 108,707 266,718 5.27 9.48 16.34 43.90 63.76
Wisconsin_______ 7,688 20,603 36,848 108,944 121,691 6.77 9.61 16.23 40,46 40.94
West North Central. . 85,490 95,010 180,440 490,820 611,666 6.70 0.00 16.08 38.52 38.26
Minnesota______ 4,346 17,761 38,108 107,325 120,345 6.57 9.65 17.47 43.78 46.61
Iowa___________ 11,062 22.603 36,670 105,842 101,197 6.81 10.17 16.48 43.36 40.84
Missouri_______ 11,832 21,785 36.491 91,446 103,234 5.46 6.82 10.68 26.64 28.27
North Dakota___ 1 4,186 11,875 31,107 27,931
} >478
}*3.64
fll. 44 17.97 47.13 40.84
South Dakota___ \ 4,329 10,720 32,483 29,976 UO. 69 16.67 60.18 42.88
Nebraska............... 2,792 9,499 19,781 53,236 48,622 0.17 8.80 16.04 40.26 36.01
Kansas.................. 4,980 14,847 27,896 69,331 80,362 6.00 10.14 16.66 38.83 42.47
South Atlantic........... 21,668 48.386 91,136 256,316 369,097 2. 84 4.31 7.16 17.73 22.48
604 1,317 1,791 4,841 5,915 4.12 7.00 8.61 21.20 24.63
Maryland.............. 5,437 10,698 16,860 40,026 55,158 6.82 8.79 12. 30 26.96 33.43
Dist, of Col........... 1.469 3,351 5,390 12,866 25,254 8.27 11.62 15.51 28.26 51.33
Virginia................. 4,694 6,896 13,822 33,878 48,386 3.10 3. 64 6.49 14.32 17.83
W est Virginia....... 1,994 5,607 10,020 38,436 50,667 3.22 6. 52 7.67 25.39 28.85
North C arolina... 1,616 3,076 9,989 87,017 47,711 1.37 2.04 4.33 13.08 14.76
South Carolina- 1,840 3,736 6,899 20,886 27,379 1.86 2.73 4.39 12.09 16.70
Georgia.................. 3,014 8,204 18,414 36,673 45,540 1.96 3. 58 6.73 12.01 16.65
Florida................... 685 2,681 8,436 32,194 58,097 2.17 4.79 10,22 31.44 38.25
East South Central... 11,996 27.167 51,663 126,781 160,478 2.16 3. 60 6.95 13.98 16.07
Kentucky.............. 5,201 10,462 17,660 37,322 61,063 3.16 4.74 7.66 15.28 19.38
Tennessee.............. 2,616 7.626 14,112 36,127 43,989 1.63 3. 68 6.31 14.83 16.63
2,062 4,899 9,971 22,684 32,790 1. 63 2.69 4.45 0.46 12.25
Mississippi______ 2,217 4,180 0, 011 30,648 32,686 1.96 2.61 6.28 17.12 16.06
West South Central.. 10,794 29,966 77,723 m , 35i 390,028 3.24 4.36 8.17 11.05 26.87
Arkansas_______ 1,839 4,446 10,621 17,476 20,382 2.29 3.30 0.40 0.77 iao3
Louisiana_______ 4,386 8,478 14,432 41,662 66,063 4.67 6.91 8.27 22.66 26.82
13,377 10,705 64,079 68,944 *3.77 10.16 26.69 28.34
T exas...________ 4,669 13,684 32,965 100,234 176,649 2.87 4.26 7.90 22.60 29.66
4,717 24,312 64,327 144,466 100,320 7.22 13.76 18.46 41.23 42.99
384 4,092 11,245 26,008 20,317 9.80 16.63 26.83 43.94 48.95
187 1,896 6,952 18,669 19,109 6.73 11.11 18.36 40.68 42.85
Wyoming____ . . . 230 1,074 2,610 8,366 10,038 11.07 11.16 16.98 40.68 47.76
Colorado..._____ 2,152 10,741 16,931 44,688 44,887 11.07 19.34 19.17 46.75 42.91
New M exico...... 164 1,410 3,426 8,805 11,908 1.37 7.15 9.26 23.89 27.69
A rizona............... 293 1,635 4,358 16,852 21,807 7.26 12.69 18.88. 42.54 48.90
Utah...................... 435 2,848 6,629 17,711 19,676 8.02 9.81 16.18 37.82 88.28
N ev ad a ....___. . . 872 617 2,276 5,068 6,178 14.00 14,67 24.02 65.47 67.15
14,247 41,236 111,033 284,766 430,311 12.78 16.42 2S. 28 48.81 60. 66
Washington__ . . . 605 9,003 31,206 66,288 78,131 6.73 16.48 23.21 47.13 46,17
1,114 4,920 17,139 40,090 41,488 6.37 11.43 22.64 49.55 42.73
California............... 12,628 27,312 62,680 178,383 815,692 14.60 17.81 23.60 48.97 63.45
1 Dakota Territory. ~ 9 Oklahoma and Indian Territory combined.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; 1880 to 1022, Deoennial Census reports, Wealth*
Debt, and Taxation; 1032, Financial Statistics of State and laical Governments.
o f

222 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
No. 2 2 4 .— S t a t e T a x C o l l e c t io n s , b y T y p e o p T a x , b y S t a t e s : 1939
[In thousands of dollars]
Total i
Property
taxes
Inheritance
and
estate
taxes
Inoome
taxes
Motor
vehicle
fuel
SALES TAXES
and
General
Busi­
Alcoholinesslicense
bever- Other taxes
Motorvehicle
licenses
U nem ­
ploym
ent
compensation
taxes 2
Total_______
New England;
Maine........ ......
N. Hampshire..
Vermont_____
Massachusetts..
Rhode Island...
Connecticut___
Middle Atlantic:
New York____
New Jersey.......
Pennsylvania...
E. K. Central:
Ohio.................
Indiana.............
Illinois..............
Michigan..........
Wisconsin.........
W. N. Central;
Minnesota____
Iowa.................
Missouri...........
North Dakota...
South Dakota...
Nebraska_____
Kansas............ .
South Atlantic:
Delaware..........
Maryland____
Virginia............
West Virginia...
North Carolina.
South Carolina..
Georgia.............
Florida.............
E. S. Central:
Kentucky____
Tennessee____
Alabama...........
Mississippi___
W. S. Central:
Arkansas..........
Louisiana..........
Oklahoma.........
Texas................
Mountain:
Montana_____
Idaho.............. .
Wyoming.........
Colorado...... ...
New Mexico__
Arizona.............
Utah.................
Nevada.............
Pacific:
Washington.—.
Oregon..............
California..........
3,860,785 259,218 133,026 329,364 800,881 442,336 173,619 403,576 363,810 798,993
23.173 5,112 678 5,808
13,170 2,858 746 600 3,518
11,164 496 317 715 2,565
142,665 18,000 11,082 19,405 20,465
22,071 fl 1,323 4,216
64,187 4,439 3,793 2,936 0,721
535,430 2 35,450 148,800 07,235
160,840 35,477 6,916 24,709
297,631 20,103 21,077 16,533 49,119
252,742
90,008
252, 690
169,346
91,320
83,480
70,449
88, 766
10,806
17, 243
20,747
41,973
11,643
44,890
54,288
51,307
78,802
35,963
49,470
55,327
52,134
47,323
48,898
29, 532
31,433
78,760
61.174
130,699
14,483
12,986
8,579
36,502
15,799
16,536
17, 735
4, 550
6,524 5,446 51,086
7,213 1,071 23,085
563 5,630 41,024
10.808 4,964 28,511
14,065 3,635 14,729 19,864
12,345 1,980 10,295 19,380
8,678 1,610 4,261 16,129
6,814 1,039 6,181 12,764
767 32 419 2,542
2,255 41 555 5,082
6,382 *63 311,035
4,852 500 2,232 10,098
2581 1,0971 2,096
6,583 2,005 874 10,373
2,584 830 4,238 17,218
1,202 700 1,311 6,520
1,949 881 9,716 25,010
1,071 191 2,741 11,770
4,699 230 4,984 20,557
2,113 1,635 23,499
6,263 1,867 3,460 13,149
1,230 1,438 3,203 18,805
5,087 198 1,911 14,368
2,353 100 1,710 11,095
3,444 174 651 10,321
7,710 030 5,608 18,027
100 565 7,144 14,414
14,964 604 44,217
•1,864 233 838 4,508
1,503 108 1,410 4,892
703 43 2,570
5,047 944 1,493 8,851
1,994 51 555 4,571
2,936 400 1,344 2.994
3,428
1,376
336 1,639 3,644
1,320
40,105
19,982
81,517
51,488
15,858
22,332
2,751
3,810
9,728
5,
6,065
4,
5,489
10,706
1,870
7,191
3,454
3,668
3,613
63,387 4,054 2,018 15,514 16,381
29, 547 498 4,874 11,552
313,119 11,188 8,372 40,902 47,513 87,910
1,084
528
542
5,345
1,023
2,933
26,740 1,271
8,634 66
14,207 11,159
25,466
4,246
9,483
4,387
5,513
95
348
1,165
173
2,572
7,813
1,186 1,892
4,256
90(1 491
1,341 621
1,608
503 1,276
664
2,507 269
1,449
1,774 648
2,435 4,196
1,670 2,602
3,591
5,080 3,504
785 2,621
37(1 3,184
623 2,692
1,609 1,427
% 579 6,246
692 3,l2f
5,682 6,903
680 1?
226 16!
324
2,153 18;
737
672 81?
118 341
180
2,031 1,850
890
9,854 ......
2,1
1,754
I, r ~
22,260
4,744
6,441
67,516
20,508
53,907
27,979 26,899 55, 444
5,120 8,908 19, 610
24,382 23,955 66, 140
I I, 20. 669 147 36, 543
4,877 13,183 15,401
9, US
3,101
5,980
340
432
880
2,961
4,221
4,847
9,958
«3,243
9,176
3,199
3,932
11,311
4,097
6,412
5,462
2,584
1,600
7,712
3,717
7,645
1,406
1,074
398
3,483
658
862
512
229
6,696
2,432
18,582
3,668
343
2,468
7,040
2,806
6,709
46,944
20,610
35,091
3 9,180
11,766
10,214
1,510
845
2,528
4,016
1,180
5,125
6,721
4,904
7,967
5.666
2,178
6.666
3,352
4,348
3,459
268
3,120
5,116
5,565
8,317
1,545
1,378
600
2,171
1,813
1,002
1,166
4,404
3,155
13,239
3,934
2,733
1,602
37,807
7,600
15,643
119,143
43,970
75,796
14, liG
8, 077
19, 567
1,106
1,143
3, 985
5,695
2,238
11,862
9,897
9,466
10,683
4,420
8,454
6,034
10, 931
8, 481
8,135
2,142
3, 298
9, 550
5, 615
22,709
2, C75
2,001
1,427
4,951
1,417
2,139.
2,625
936
10,058
6,437
75,367
1Totals include items not shown separately and not included elsewhere.
1 Amounts deposited with the Federal Treasury in State clearing accounts during the fiscal year, as reported
by State agencies to the Social Security Board and published monthly in the Social Security B ulletin.
3 Data are for calendar year 1938.

STATS EMPLOYEES 223
N o . — B o n d I s s u e s — S t a t e P r o p o s a l s V o te d o n i n G e n e r a l E l e c t i o n s ,
b y T y p e o p G o v e r n m e n t a l U n i t A f f e c t e d : 1938 a n d 1939
N o. 2 2 6 . — E m p l o y e e s o p S t a t e G o v e r n m e n t s— N u m b e r , J a n u a r y 1940, and
A m o u n t o f P a y B o l l s, J a n u a r y 1940 a n d Y e a r 1939, b y S t a t e s
N ote.—Figures in this table cover State employees, and, except as noted, include employees in Stateoperated
public-service interprises but exclude thoso of contractors and schools (except administrative
employees of Departments of Education) and persons on work-relief. The data include full-time aud
part-time permanent employees and temporary employees. A blank spaco indicates figures were not
reported *
DIVISION AND STATE
Number
of employees
January
1940 ■
AMOUNT OP
FAY ROLL
(THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
Jan.
19403
1939 8
DIVISION AND STATE
Number
of employees
Jtuiutii y
19491
AMOUNT OP
PAY ROLL
(THOUSANDS OP
DOLLARS)
Jan.
1940 3
19393
New England:
N6w Hampshire__ 5,172
1, 733
385.8
184.6
East North Central:
Ohio 22,300 2, 265. 7
South Atlantio:
6,214.3
4,978.1
South Atlantic—Con.
7,922
12,511
783.0
12,943.6
7,201
9,450.0
7,846 830.3
11,687 1,387.8 16, 053.1
8,075 844.0 10, 500.0
50,424 87,805.4
9,403 075.5 7,875.7
14,405 23, 964.3
5,720 648.8
West South Central:
21, 254 7,991 802.8 10,364.1
17i 922 2,108. 0 17,799 1,068.1 25,610.6
11,040 i; 527.8
2,169 308.3 4,338.7
12,448 1, 469.8 3i 186 3,791.9
7,900 ' 793.5
13, Oil 1,109.1 13,010.6
3,405
3i 040 269.7 3, 236. 6 441.5 5,298.9
Utah.....................— 2,928
3,701.5
0,379 654,0 8,003.9
1,126 147.7
2,131
9,452
10,883
Pacific:
217.1 2, 983. 4
8,361 934.3
8,000. 0
6,749
8,428.9
1,295.8 18; 059. 3 32,818 4,631.0 63,816.0
*Pay period ended nearest January 31. In some cases data are for December 1039, or some other month
in 1930.
2 In some cases data are for December 1939 or some other month in 1939.
3Calendar year or fiscal year ended in 1030, except as noted.
4 Data, if any, for public-service enterprises not reported.
6 Covers only employees subject to Illinois Civil Scrvico Act.
# Excludes employees and pay rolls of Department of Education.
7Excludes general executive, legislative, and judicial employees and pay rolls.
8 Data are for fiscal year ended June 30, 1940.
9 Excludes employees and pay rolls of legislature and of State institutions for the handicapped.
10 Excludes employees and pay rolls of Department of Public Welfare and of Department of Higher
Education.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; State and Local Government Quarterly Employment
Survey, Vol. 1, No. 2.

224 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES! AND EMPLOYMENT
No. 227.— E m p lo y e e s op S t a t e a n d L o c a l G o v e r n m e n ts — N u m b e r , J a n u ­
a r y 1940, a n d A m o u n t o p P a y R o l l , J a n u a r y 1940 a n d Y e a r 1939
N o t e .—-Fig u re s in th is ta b le a rc estim a te s. T h e tw o lim its sh o w n in d ic a te th e a p p ro x im a te ra n g e w ith in
w h ich i t is b e lie v e d th e t r u e fig u re s lie . D a t a for school em ployees a re e x c lu d e d
TYPE AND SIZE OP GOVERNMENTAL UNIT
Cities, incorporated places, and New England towns;
Number of
employees,
end of January
1910
(thousands)
AMOUNT OP PAY ROLL
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
January
1040
Calendar
year 1980
535-545 57-58 675-685
466-475 65-66 800-810
280-200 26-28 325-335
>170-200 4- 5 55- 60
300-315 28-30 345-365
i 200-300 6-10 60-100
1More than three-fourths of these employees are part-time and temporary.
Sources: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; State and Local Government Quarterly
Employment Survey, Vol. 1, No. l.
No. 228.— E m p lo y e e s op S t a t e a n d L o c a l G o v e r n m e n ts — P e r c e n t D i s ­
t r i b u t i o n , b y G o v e r n m e n t a l F u n c t i o n s : J a n u a r y 1940
N ote.—Distribution is shown ns percent of totnl. Data for school employees are excluded
TYPE AND SIZE OF GOVERNMENTAL UNIT
GOVERNMENTAL FUNCTION
States
Cities, towns, and
incorporated places
Over
100,000
population
Under
100,000
population
Counties
8 12 11 33
6 28 31 6
33 17 23 23
25 10 7 31
23 11 13 8
5 13 16
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau ol the Census; State and Local Government Quarterly
Employment Survey, Vol. 1, No. 1.

PUBLIC DEBT— STATE AND LOCAL 225
No. 2 2 9 .— N e t D e b t o f S t a t e a n d L o c a l G o v e r n m e n t s : 1902 t o 1937
N ote—Net debt is gross debt loss sinking-fund assets of States, counties, cities, towns, villages, boroughs,
townships, school districts, and all other civil divisions combined
DIVISION AND STATE
TOTAL (THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
PER CAPITA (DOLLARS)
1902 1912 1932 l t t » i 1937 1902 1912 1922 19311 1937
Grand total........... 1, 865,035 3,821,897 8,689,740 17,698,176 17,694,632 23.73 39.87 79, sa 142.74 136.12
N e w England, ........... 301,478 390,660 550,709 831,097 996.928 62,52 56.95 72.46 100.31 115.96
Maine..................... 15,047 22,798 42,467 64, 520 67,913 21.46 30.08 54.90 80.00 79.34
New H am pshire... 11,418 11,300 10,123 81,735 38,037 27.27 25.87 30.10 07.81 74.59
Vermont................. 6,217 0,981 11.994 27.180 24,965 15.08 19.39 34,03 76,60 65.18
Massachusetts........ 209,703 207,129 329,942 436,000 576,982 72.72 76.28 83,04 101.77 130,80
Rhode Island.......... 28,160 30,710 49,239 110,363 121,486 02.87 52.99 79.88 158.55 178.89
Connecticut............ 31,888 62,036 100,964 100,700 107,646 33.89 44.03 70.33 98. 69 90.23
Kiddle Atlantio.......... 646, 887 1, 648, 680 2,616,431 5,842,169 6,247, 302 40.16 76.28 114.19 219.07 227.30
New York.............. 437,372 L, 132,432 1,883,820 3,477,233 3,880,110 57.04 116.59 168.16 271.40 300.11
Now Jersey............. 99.99 * 88.63
M innesota............ 40,084 70,304 269,008 i 342, 893 8 327,621 22.07 32.20 109.99 >132.01 ■123.54
Iowa................... .. 17,440 35,420 151,014 241, 991 204,502 7.84 15.94 02.11 07. 60 80.13
Missouri.................. 60,397 01,022 118,270 334,205 307,419 15.79 18,37 34.46 91.53 92.11
North Dakota........ 6,008 13,261 40,200 »07, 614 « 4 0 ,515 15.31 20.07 00,89 >98.70 83,840 >73,909 15.60 19,72 78.09 >110,94 >100.80
Nebraska................ 22,416 30,745 ■ 97,765 110,500 97,182 21.01 20.80 73.93 79.73 71.25
Kansas................... 35, 774 62,808 123,470 150,104 107,648 24, 42 31.36 09.10 82.51 07.75
South Atlantic............. 169,209 266,196 743,216 1,947,646 1,608,877 14.79 20.02 51.61 121.90 98.43
Delaware............... 4,146 0,860 22,461 29,088 23,178 22.04 3 2 .OS 98.32 121.20 88.80
Maryland............... 80,643 59, 540 120,054 201,168 260,178 25.18 44.70 81.48 168.28 *54.96
14,540 9,061 166
3,055 50. 42 26.03 .36
4.87
Virginia................... 47', 481 01,030 119,115 181, 242 160,287 25.07 29.09 50.33 74.40 57.76
West Virginia........ «4,70S • 11,195 70,512 151,594 132,801 >4.78 »8. 57 46, K 86.33 71.26
North Carolina___ 15,348 34,344 182,711 632,747 477,101 7.88 14.88 00. US 164.84 130.03
South Carolina....... 16,751 21,287 05, OK 171,69E 125,65f 11.43 13.6-1 37.64 98.45 67.02
Georgia.................... 21,28C 32,54* 64,038 100,985 88, 032 9 . 2t 11.81 21. M 36.70 20.91
Florida.................... 6,247 18,424 08,266 513,022 437,496 9.3( 22,72 95.06 337.74 261.97
East South Central___ 91,055 160,820 370,553 827,098 796,744 11.64 18.61 41.17 82.80 74.15
Kentucky................ 22, S42 30,031 50,51! 113,41* 118.00' 10.31 12.85 20.6* 43.04 40.44
Tennessee................ 32, 717 69,09! 133,337 323,401 316,726 16.71 26.41 56.2] 122. 3( 100.48
Alabama................. 27,092 43,00! 75,198 210,822 190,53! 14.32 19,2- 31.3] 78.76 68.02
Mississippi............. 8, 404 28,028 111,499 179,302 101,302 5.M 15.25 62.27 88.27 79.78
West South C entral... S3,002 237,435 704,546 1,568,766 1,429,873 12.06 24.95 66.70 125.98 110.33
Arkansas............. 4,22( 13,813 9 1 ,28( 255,861 259,4b 3.1! 8.32 51.05 137.2( 126.67
Louisiana—............ 37,777 75,00] 120,94< 360.411 344,741 20,3' 42.9! 60.1* 160.05 161.70
Oklahoma............... • 4 ,54i 60,72! 120,07! 194,08* 133,57 >6.0! 31.32 61.76 70.71 52.42
Texas....................... 36,450 87,894 360,343 748,301 080,142 11.35 21.07 73.71 125.03 111.17
Mountain.................... 56,786 112,770 372,776 487,047 484,965 32.16 38.26 106.99 130.21 127.89
Montana................. 8,92] 18,141 05,221 71,261 70,221 33.87 43.21 110. 2( 132.51 130.36
Idaho................... . 3,884 14,13: 02,10! 78,460 71,221 22.02 3 7 ,3< 13Q.2< 175.9( 144.48
2 ,5GC 4 ,3 2 19,12* 43,000 38,062 26.01 26.41 03.02 187.81 165.80
Oolorado_________ 22,067 39,047 09,19* 120,60f 146,24( 39.06 44.89 101.78 123.81 136.55
New Mexico_____ 4, C8( 7,605 26,011 36,948 49,88! 22. ft 20. 7( 67. H( 85.01 118.22
0,892 10,381 44,972 71,777 55,019 50.76 46. Q1 124.61 160.0! 136.73
Utah........................ 0,018 15,23* 50,041 40,14? 40,60* 22.81 37.77 106.85 80.78 78.22
1,564 3,1ST 7,004 0 ,04( li, soe 27.07 33.66 00.40 108.1( 117.78
68, 761 286, 55] 827,411 1,516,696 1,878,8SC 28.30 60.08 141.23 179.14 212.60
29,665 95,971 100,062 217,431 231,181 53.71 71,37 120.21 137.27 130,43
11,302 43,82* 138,094 198,84S 108,26* 26.11 57.96 170.80 204.70 103.84
California.............. 17,808 146,765 520,254 1 ,0 9 9 ,41f 1 ,478,8ft 11. oc 55.01 142.81 186.15 240.31
i D ata included (or State debt for 18 States are for fiscal year 1931.
» farm-mortgage and other rural-credit assets amounting to $121,337,000, resulting from rural-credit
loans, held by the State sinking funds of Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota, were not deducted
from gross debt. The sinking funds for these States inolude farm mortgages and other rural-credit assets as
follows: Minnesota, $67,281,000; North Dakota, $31,303,000; South Dakota, $32,763,000.
■farm-mortgage and other rural-credit assets were not deducted from gross debt for Minnesota, North
Dakota, and South Dakota.
1 Indebtedness oflocal governments. Sinking-fund assets of State governments exceeded the gross debt.
• No State indebtedness reported; the Virginia-West Virginia debt settlement was not made until 1919.
* Includes $863,000 indebtedness of local governments in Indian Territory reported separately In 1902.
Sources: Department of,Commerce, Bureau of the Oensus; 1902 to 1922, Decennial Census reports. Wealth,
Debt, and Taxation; 1932, financial Statistics of State and Local Governments, 1937, Treasury Department,
Division of Research and Statistics; Securities Exempt from the Federal Income Tax.

226 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
No. 230.-—Gross D ebt op General Government op States, by Classes,
by States: 1932 and 1937
[All figures, except per capita, in thousands of dollars]
GROSS DEBT AT CLOSE OS S E A R 1
DIVISION AND STATE
Total
Amount
Per
capita
1033 1937
Ponded
or
fixed
All
other1
Amount
Total
Per
capita
Funded
or
fixed
All
other3
Total, 48 States______ 2, 907,495 $23.46 2,379,816 527,079 3,276,677 325.53 3,023, 103 262,673
New England..................... ... 200, 687 24.37 107,304 93,284 228,668 26.62 113,625 116,043
27,462 34.33 27,252 211 30,056 35.15 30,056
New Hampshire.............. 7,016 15.06 6,510 500 14,305 28.10 14,134 171
9,645 26.51 8,630 915 7,923 20.74 7,923
Massachusetts................ 12l', 067 28.30 20,626 91,441 138,463 31.28 28,493 109,070
Rhode Island......... ....... 21,930 31.51 21,930
33,018 48.48 33, 018
Connecticut_-.............. 13,563 8.32 13,351 217 4,903 2.82 1 4 , 902
Middle Atlantic______ „___ 809,460 30.38 673,927 135,472 1,039,297 37.88 977,038 62,264
New York..................... 579,864 46.26 444,846 135,018 726,024 56.07 663,700 02,264
141,230 34.18 141,216 14 178,758 41.23 178,768
88,306 9.09 87,866 441 134,616 13.25 134,515
East North Central................ 330,811 12.87 291,564 39,248 366,689 11.85 306,349 340
Ohio............................. 7,887 1.17 6,311 1,576 10,602 1.57 10, 602
Indiana........................... 4,963 1.52 3,162 1,802 4,646 1.34 4,046
Illinois.......................... 222,737 28.75 190,961 31,776 206,344 26.12 206,004 340
Michigan....................... 9 4 , m 18.05 89,946 4,094 83,915 17.45 83,915
Wisconsin..................... 1,184 .40 1,184
1,184 41 1,184
West North Central._______ 342,079 26.59 326,897 15,181 847,806 26.17 340,436 7,371
Minnesota...................... 98,162 38.02 9 4 ,9 5 1 3,211 126,803 47.58 119, 700 6,006
Iowa........................ ....... 17,636 7.08 12,732 4,804 7,003 2.76 6,953 50
Missouri........................ 108,162 28.84 104,854 308 121,295 30.41 121,295
North Dakota................. 45,449 66.45 41,348 4,102 2 6 ,6 0 1 37.73 25,305 1, 2 0 6
South Dakota________ 61,432 73.58 50,275 1,157 44,889 64.87 44,869 20
Nebraska.................... 929 .67 238 691 531 .39 532
Kansas-......................... 23,410 12.37 22,500 910 21,685 11.57 21, 6 8 5
South Atlantic.................... ..... 436.066 28.16 337,006 99,000 399,147 24.09 396.428 2,719
Delaware* - .................... 3,210 13.40 3,216
3,531 13.58 3,181 350
Maryland...................... 36,797 21.68 35,591 206 52,004 30.99 62,004
Virginia.......................... 28,302 11.03 26,343 1,058 29,987 11.15 29,492 495
West Virginia................. 89,620 51.04 80,070 3,550 84,056 45.40 84,060
North Carolina.............. 188,616 58.36 176,873 12, 742 164,280 47.26 102,607 1,673
South Carolina............... 70,946 44.09 5,173 71,772 41,590 22.27 41,590
Georgia........................ . 13,178 4.53 4,739 8,438 23,694 7.68 23,492 202
Florida........................... 392 .26
392
East South Central............... 236,148 28.56 147,166 87,983 261,475 24.46 245, 610 15,966
Kentucky.......... ........... 16,607 6.30 2.674 13,933 30,843 10.62 15,248 15,596
Tennessee...................... 94,001 35.77 44,939 49,663 104,042 36.13 104,042
Alabama........................ 82,343 30.00 66,535 16,808 73,473 25.44 73,404 09
Mississippi.... ............... 41,697 20.45 33.018 8,579 63,117 26.35 52,817 300
West South Central________ 276,724 22.37 242,942 33, 781 836,763 26.18 333, 166 3,588
104,628 88.27 160,480 4,146 164,402 8 0 .7 1 164,403
Louisiana ..................... 83,884 39.47 73,455 10,429 129,716 60.84 126,474 3,242
Oklahoma..................... 14,347 5.90 1,424 12,023 12,899 5.08 12,899
Texas... ...................... 13,867 . 2.33 7,583 6,283 29,737 4.83 29,391 346
Mountain........................... - 60.245 16.12 44,285 16, 930 76,522 20.24 73,695 2,827
Montana................... 10,834 20.15 5,833 5,001 10,824 20.23 10,824
Idaho............................. 7,067 15.81 4,461 2, 606 2,287 4.66 2,287
Wyoming....................... 6.190 22.69 4,050 1,146 3,886 16.54 3.215 671
Colorado........................ 6,162 7.80 7,355 807 30,189 28.24 30,066 134
Now Mexico.................. 12,232 28.45 10,752 1,481 16,810 39.83 15,964 857
Arizona.......................... 3,708 8.41 301 3,407 2,932 7.17 1,700 1,107
Utah.............................. 11,445 22.27 10,525 920 8,743 16.88 8,743
Nevada.......................... 1,600 17.39 1,008 592 851 8.43 851
Paciflo............. ..... ............. 213,435 25.61 208,725 7,710 380, 819 31.92 237,868 42,466
Washington_____ ____ 8,267 5.22 7,350 007 14,588 8.86 14,688
Oregon........................... 60,990 63.21 58,749 2,250 48,789 47.74 48,789
California____ ___ 147,179 24.92 142,626 4,553 216,942 3 5 .5 1 174,486 42,4 5 6
Hawaii................................ (

PUBLIC DEBT— STATE 227
No. 231.— N e t D e b t o p S t a t e G o v e r n m e n ts , b y S t a t e s : 1902 t o 1937
N o t e .— N o t d e b t is g ro ss elobfc less s in k in g -fu n d a sse ts p rio r to 1932; th e re a fte r, fu n d e d o r fix ed d e b t less
s in k in g -fu n d a sse ts. D e b t o f p u b lie -so rv ie e e n te rp ris e s in c lu d e d p rio r to 1937, b u t e x c lu d e d for 1037
DIVISION AND STATE
TOTAL (THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS)
P E R CAPITA (DOLLARS)
1902 1912 1923 1932 19371 1902 1912 1962 1932 19371
Total, 48 States... s 234,065 345, 942 985, 544 2,029,560 2,424,648 2. 99 3. 67 8, 64 10.37 18. 90
Hew England______ 74,961 05, 570 110,458 75,797 101,452 13, no 13.92 14.63 9.21 11.81
M aine.--................ 2,785 1,255 12,900 27,009 29,969 3.97 1.67 16.09 33.76
New Hampshire__ 1, 551 1,956 3,018 46,005 13,901 3. 71 4. 50 6.77 12.89 27 31
Vermont.................. 363 570 2,112 8,710 7,843 1.05 1. 58 5.90 24.19
Massachusetts........ 65, GG4 79,551 76,996 >17, 260 22,772 22.87 22.78 19.38 4 04
Rhode Island.......... 2,620 5,127 9,338 16, 807 26,906 5.83 9.02 15.05 24.15 30 00
Connecticut............ 1, 678 7,111 6,088 w w , 1.78 6.12 4.24 (*) «
Middle Atlantic------- 8, 676 86, 847 252,805 485,073 734,476 .63 4.22 11.04 17.47 20 77
Now York............... 8,187 86, 205 180,542 328,050 626,900 1.08 9.05 17. 52 25.00 40 09,
New Jersey........... M 642 16,355 62,185 86,906 (*) .24 4.98 15.05 20 04
Pennsylvania......... 389 m 40,908 75,438 121, 670 .06 5. 56 7.76 11.98
East North Central__ 18,608 18,105 99,440 266,270 250,731 1.18 .95 4.49 9.97 0 79
Ohio....... ................ 4, 685 5,142 30,143 6,036 10,427 1.10 1.05 5.05 .89 1 55
Indiana................... 2,914 1, 350 2, 325 2,935 4,468 1.13 .49 .78 .90
Illinois............ ........ 2,155 2,273 13,880 189,629 200, 630 .43 .39 2.08 24.48 25 50
Michigan................. 6,566 7,089 50,934 56,487 34,123 2.65 2.41 13.25 11. 38 7 in
Wisconsin............... 2,278 2, 251 2,164 1,184 1,184 1,07 .93 .80 .40 ,41
West North Central-- 10,233 8, 180 74, 681 104,116 212, 740 .07 .68 5.86 14. 52 15 40
Minnesota.......... 1,755 1, 345 20,308 37,003 62, 660 .95 .63 8.28 14. 33 23. 66
Iowa......................... 50 357 1,457 14,721 6,458 .02 .10 .60 5.94 2 53
Missouri.................. 4,366 4, 671 30,450 s 103,006 119,215 1.37 1.40 8.87 28.25 29. 89
North Dakota........ 068 820 5,913 3,748 m 2.64 1.20 8.94 5.48 (4)
South Dakota....... . 457 370 15,431 14,500 2, 511 1.08 .58 23.84 20.74 3 63
Nebraska................ 2,005 374 1, 038 238 531 1.88 .31 .78 . 17 .30
Kansas.................... 632 243 78 20,001 21,467 .43 .14 .04 11.06 11.46
South Atlantio............. 51, 646 61, 942 128,630 S86,622 354,498 4.86 4.07 8. 86 24.97 21 S9
Delaware................. 702 763 5,834 2,071 3,118 4.05 3.70 25. 55 8.63 11.99
Maryland............... 4,943 7, 334 22,129 35, 591 50,787 4.06 5. 56 14.90 21. 50 30.27
Virginia ............... 23,540 22, 043 21,750 24,024 23,892 12.76 10.40 9,10 9.87 8.88
24,181 82,844 76, nin
North Carolina___ 6, 755 8,059 34,713 164,913 136,420 3.47 3.54 13.11 61. 02 39.25
South Carolina....... 6,730 6,190 8,729 67,143 40,771 4.88 3.08 5.05 38.48 21,83
Georgia - - ................ 7,870 6,034 5,410 10, Q36 23,402 3.44 2.57 1.82 3.45 7.61
Florida.................... 1,033 619 869 1.84 ,77
East South Central___ 35, 880 83, 846 56, 984 193,408 229, 987 4.62 3.89 6. 33 19. 38 21. 51
Kentucky............... 2, 291 4,441 7, 745 2, 291 14,929 1.04 1.90 3.17 .87 5,14
Tennessee................ 17,985 11,812 19,142 91,570 91,007 8.68 5.32 8.08 34. 62 31.60
Alabama................ 12,727 13,132 15,233 3 06, 534 72, 591 6.73 5.95 6. 30 24.97 25.14
Mississippi............. 2,877 4,401 14,864 33,013 61, 400 1.79 2.41 8.30 16.23 25.53
West South Central__ 19,287 26,309 28, 493 242,494 328, 708 2.80 2.77 2.70 19. 80 26. 56
Arkansas................. 1,191 1, 230 2, 722 160,278 103,859 .8 8 .76 1. 52 85.94 80.44
Louisiana................ 13, 593 13,546 14,829 3 73,313 126,325 9. 48 7.89 8. OS 34. 50 50.25
Oklahoma............... 510 6,931 4,797 1,342 11,936 1 .1 0 3. 74 2.28 .55 4.70
Texas...................... 3,993 . 4, 650 6,145 7, 561 26, 049 1. 24 1.14 1.27 1.27 4.33
Mountain__________ 11,322 IS, 278 60, 646 34,254 88,729 6.41 4. 51 14.43 9.17 17.85
Montana................. 1, 201 1, 513 7, 579 4, 315 9,850 4.57 3.73 12,80 8.03 18.41
Idaho..................... 321 2 ,1 4 3 7,673 3, 005 2,204 1.84 5 .9 2 16.81 8.87 4,4 9
Wyoming................ 301 122 4,011 4,048 3, 215 3.12 .7 7 19. 50 17. 68 13.68
Colorado................ 3,797 3,174 12,019 5,940 30,050 6.72 3.70 12.33 5.68 2 8 .1 2
New Mexico........... 099 1, 218 4,954 10,090 15, 243 4.94 3.41 13.44 23.46 36.12
Arizona.................... 3,099 3,065 2,740 3 270 1,598 23.86 13. 28 7.59 .61 3.91
Utah........................ 974 1,430 9,819 4,774 3,901 3.36 3.02 20.07 9.29 7.53
Nevada.................... 624 608 1, 751 863 602 14.70 6.70 2 2 .0 2 9. 27 0 .5 6
Pacifio____________ 4,463 11,810 138,441 180, 933 145,268 1.77 2.48 23.03 21.41 16. 64
Washington............ 1,272 1, 556 13,191 7,350 12, 547 2.31 1 .2 1 9.38 4.65 7. 62
Oregon..................... 236 31 39,083 3 31,138 20, 389 .54 .04 49.42 32.27 25.82
California................ 2,955 10, 223 85,207 142,445 106,332 1.92 3.83 23.41 24.12 17.40
Hawaii........................ (») (») m (*) C1) (*) w W w «
1Excludes dobt of public-service enterprises. See lieadnoto.
*Revised figure $239,369,000, not distributed by States. 3 Data for the flsoal year 1931.
* Sinking-fund assets exceed gross debt or funded or fixed debt. See headnote.
4 Virginia-West Virginia debt settlement not made until 1910. «No data.
Source: Department of Commerce, Buroau of the Census; 1902 to 1922, Dcconnial Census reports, Wealth,
Debt, and Taxation; 1932 and 1937, Financial Statistics of States, special releases, and official records.

2 2 8 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
N o. 2 3 2 .— D ebt and Sinkin g-F und Assets o p State Governm ents: 1880 to
1937
N o t e .— All figures except per capita in thousands o f dollara. Debt of public-service enterprises included
prior to 1937 but excluded for 1937
TEAK
Total
Funded
or fixed'
onoss debt
Debt to
public
trust
lands
Floating
Other
floattag*
Current
u
Sinkingfund
assets
O ltosa DEBT LE8S
TOTAL SINKING-
FUND ASSETS
Amount
Per
capita
FUNDED AND
FLOATING, LESS
ASSETS IN
OENEEAL SINK-
Amount
Per
capita
1880— 306,017 261,090 25,723 19,198 31,271 274,746 $5.48
1800— 268,196 204,641 33.642 19,912 46.985 211,210 3.37
1002 4„ 274,149 163,819 40,808 69.622 34,869 ‘ 239,360 3.03
1906— 278,136 228,831 38,252 11,052 39.255 238,870 2.85
1910. 322.949 271,807 39.486 11,856 66,814 ‘ 256,143 2.78
1012... 422,707 290,404 38.630 93,773 76,981 ‘ 345,042 3.57
1916... 532,713 403,166 33,508 147 95,902 88,038 444,675 4.62 369,246 $3.76
1019... 693,623 547,346 40,648 612 105.017 146,077 546,946 5.20 •406,875 4.44
1922... 1,162,648 985,850 42, 368 134,721 227,105 935,643 8.64 4833.580 7.70
1024... 1,592,643 1,358,932 43,459 1,490 188,762 810,942 1,281,701 11.52 1,130.094 10.16
1926... 1,746,651 1,608,127 46,306 1,226 189.993 346,687 1,398,964 12.42 1,248,602 11.09
1026... 1,858,037 1,609,704 39.635 13,143 195,495 378.056 1,479,981 12.77 «1,327,514 11.46
1027— 1,996,428 1.725,720 39,378 34,903 195,418 401,697 1,593.731 13.59 1,444,927 12.32
1928... 2.144,332 1,867,291 38,470 42,191 190,374 410,565 1.733,777 14.61 »1,684,565 13.35
1929... 2,300,057 1,971,170 37,668 46,677 244,542 443,761 1.856.306 15.38 1,089,675 14.04
1930... 2,444,122 2,004,495 37,885 106,226 205.616 449,910 1,994,212 16.35 1.833.428 16.03
1931... 2,066,070 2,259,078 37,769 129,466 239,768 406,293 2,169,784 17.61 1,976,844 16.04
1932*.. 2,007,495 2,370,816 O TO 627,079 1360,249 ‘2.029,566 16.37 ('») (I0|
1937... 3,276,077 3,023,103 « TO ” 252,673 I 698,455 »2,424,648 18.90 (10) (TO
i Prior to 19251 contingent or special assessment debt was included with funded and fixed debt. In
this table, it has been excluded Irom funded and fixed and included with current debt, except for 1880,
1890,1095, and 1910, when no segregation could be made.
>Includes special assessment debt, revenue bonds and notes, and warrants,
i Not segregated prior to 1915; Included with funded and fixed.
4 Revised figures.
4 There was an excess of sinking-fund assets over debt in one State.
4 Includes figures for the fiscal year 1931 lor 7 States. See table 231. ' Included in funded or fixed.
4 Included In current. * Ponded or fixed debt loss sinking-fund assets.
14 Not computed. 11 Excluding outstanding warrants.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report, Finanolal Statistics of States,
and offioial records.
D IV IS IO N A N D STA T E
No. 2 3 3 -—N et D ebt op L ocal G overnm ents, by Classes of Civ il D iv isio n s,
b y Sta tes: 1937
N ote.—In thousands of dollars. N et debt is gross debt less sinking-fund assets. Por combined total, see
table 231. The term “ municipal” comprises city, town, village, borough, and township governments.
The terra “ other local" comprises county, school district, special district, and special authority governments
Munici
p a l
Other
local
D IV ISIO N AND STA TE
Total............................... 8 , 9 3 4 ,8 2 7 6 , 8 8 8 ,2 3 6 South Atlantic—Con.
Knrth r w m l
7 1 8 , 636
2 7 , 800
2 3 ,0 1 1
1 0 ,1 9 4
4 2 6 ,3 6 9
9 3 ,0 3 9
1 3 3 , 0 7 2
4 ,0 9 3 , 909
2,691, fis a
7 8 8 ,9 2 0
6 1 3 ,3 3 1
1 ,4 4 0 , 657
3 9 1 ,4 5 3
7 3 ,6 9 1
4 1 2 , 5 7 2
4 8 6 , 5 7 2
7 0 , 2 6 9
4 1 5 ,7 1 4
1 3 1 ,1 9 8
41] 6 2 2
143j 4 8 8
9 , 0 6 7
9 , 7 7 6
3 3 ,1 4 2
4 7 , 4 3 2
7 2 4 ,7 8 6
1 2 ,8 6 6
1 6 9 ,8 2 7
3 , 0 5 5
1 0 7 , 972
1 0 ,1 7 7
3 ,3 9 1
' 848
6 3 ,4 4 1
4 4 2
2 9 ,3 7 3
1 ,3 3 9 , 226
6 3 4 ,2 1 9
2 8 4 ,6 5 3
4 1 7 ,3 4 8
1 ,1 4 6 ,1 0 8
3 2 3 , 723
7G, 044
5 2 8 ,9 5 5
1 3 4 ,6 7 0
81', 7 1 6
5 0 8 ,5 5 3
8 6 ,0 4 7
1 5 6 ,2 8 0
1 1 0 ,9 2 1
1 5 ,1 6 1
2 2 ,6 8 6
3 4 ,0 4 0
6 3 ,4 1 8
Oklahoma........................
8 2 1 ,1 3 3 Washington......................
5 ,8 7 3 Oregon............................
4 7 ,1 8 1 C alifornia.....................
Municipal
110,804
13,168
111,703
40,108
36,012
197,183
2B1, 703
56,076
115,849
78,331
81,547
402,279
17, 632
74.240
04,779
245,728
137,067
11,478
7,963
8,356
65,248
8,071
16,933
18,088
1,940
720,177
116,114
05.240
638,817
Other
local
27,464
38,679
198,008
42,157
19,863
249,813
232, 968
46,013
107.020
46,229
83,300
712,274
80,838
157,142
56,856
417,438
292,240
47,414
61,284
27,041
51,952
27,485
38,688
19,271
9,106
893,063
104.020
77, 661
711,473
District ol Columbia____
Source: Treasury Department, Division of Research and Statistics; Securities Exempt from the Federal
Income Tax,

PUBLIC DEBT— LOCAL GOVERNMENTS 229
No. 2 3 4 .—N e t D e b t op L o c a l G o v b b n m e n ts : 1902 t o 1937
N o n —Net debt is combined gross debt less sinking-fund assets of all olvil divisions. Debts of State
governments are not included in this table but are included in table 229
DIVI8ION AND STATE
TOTAL (THOUSANDS OV DOLLARS)
PER CAPITA (DOILARS)
1902 M12 1822 19U 1937 1992 1912 1922 1132 1937
Grand total_______ 1,630,070 3,476,064 7,764,190 15,216,881 14,824,003 20.74 36.81 71.01 122.21 114.69
New England............. 226, 516 206,301 440,261 708,057 820,307 30.40 43.03 57.92 86.89 99.12
Maino________ ______ 12,261 21,643 29.661 37,310 37,477 17.40 28.42 38.21 40.04 43.78
New Hampshire........ 0,862 9,346 13.106 26,230 26,402 23.50 21.40 30.47 63.91 51.77
Vermont____________ 4.864 6,411 9,882 17,636 17,042 14.03 17.81 28.04 48.90 44.60
Massachusetts_______ 143,70S 187,678 262,946 373,744 488,810 40.85 62.85 03.66 87.12 110.44
Rhode Island____ . . . . 26.630 26,680 39.901 03,646 03.631 60.84 44.16 64.32 134.41 137.34
Connecticut_________ 30,210 44,926 94,866 160,692 163,046 32.11 38.01 60.09 98.62 93.05
Middle Atlantic________ 637,311 1,461,733 2,363,666 6,241,045 5,430, 134 39.62 71.06 103.15 100.63 197.62
New York..................... 429.186 1,040,227 1,497,278 3,014,161 3,326,871 56.65 107.71 140. fi4,040 63,70C 126,18C 182,645 121,636 >4.60 27.74 60.48 76.07 47.74
Teias___ __________ 32,467 83,238 360,198 738,074 003,106 10.11 19.96 72.44 12110 107.46
Mountain...____ . . . . . . . . 46,463 09,497 322,230 430,308 410,307 25.76 33.78 91.96 110.04 no. 69
M ontana.................... 7,717 16,033 57,060 61,063 68,802 29.30 30.08 07.40 115.24 100.26
Idaho____________ . . . 3,660 11,087 54,620 71,489 69.237 20.18 31.64 110.43 160.20 L40.44
Wyoming___________ 2,266 4,202 16. Ill 37,441 35.307 23.64 25.73 73.62 163.60 150.63
Colorado.....________ 18,26C 36,473 87,17( 122,755 117,200 32.34 41.20 89.01 117.86 109.43
New Mexico_________ 3,681 6,441 20,05f 26,635 3A655 17.70 17.41 64.42 69.39 84.20
Arliona_____________ 3,492 7,321 42,23! 68,101 54,021 26.89 31.73 117.02 162.00 132.68
U tah.............................. 6,638 13,851 40,221 40,451 37,369 10.45 34.24 86.80 78.71 71,98
Nevada.......................... 940 2,576 5,258 8,576 11,046 22.21 27.19 67.87 03.21 100.36
Paoiflo............................... 64,204 274,741 888,070 1,323,328 1,813,240 21.63 J7.01 117. 90 160.09 182.51
Washington....... ........... 28,285 94,415 156,87! 209,174 220,14S 61.40 70.21 110.88 132.05 132.78
Oregon............................ 11.06C 43,707 08, 111 165,461 142.807 25.57 57.80 121.27 170.40 139.06
California....................... 14,043 136,629 434,087 058,603 1,260,290 0.71 61,18 110.40 101.48 203.17
1Inoludos $863,000 indebtedness of local governments in Indian Territory reported separately in 1902.
Sources: Dopartmont of Commerce, Bureau of tho Oonsus; 1902 to 1022, Dcconnial Census reports,
Wealth, Debt, and Taxation; 1032, Financial Statistics of State and Local Governments. 1937, Treasury
Department, Division of Eesearcb and Statistics; Securities Exempt from the Federal Income Tax.

230 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
N o . 2 3 5 . — R e v e n u e s a n d C o s t P a y m e n t s o e
[All figures, except per capita,
AIL LOCAt'
COUNTIES
Revenue receipts
Governmental-cost
payments
Revenue
receipts
DIVISION AND STATE
Total
Per
capita
From taxes
Total
General
property
Total
Per
capita
Operation,
maintenance,
and interest
Total
Per
capita
G rand total___
New England..
Maine..........
Vermont_____•.
Massachusetts..
Rhode Island...
Connecticut__
M iddle A tlantic..
New York___
Now Jersey__
Pennsylvania..
Ohio..........
Indiana__
Illinois----
Michigan..
Wisconsin.
West North Central.
Minnesota...........
Io w a ...................
Missouri...............
North Dakota__
South Dakota___
Nebraska______
Kansas...............
South Atlantia...........
Delaware...............
Maryland..............
Dist. of Columbia.
V irginia............. .
West Virginia___
North Carolina__
South Carolina__
Georgia_________
Florida................. .
East South Central.
Kentucky_____
Tennessee_____
Alabama.............
Mississippi____
West South Central.
Arkansas...____
Louisiana........... .
Oklahoma............
Texas...................
47 M ountain..
48 ” Montana___
49 Idaho........... .
50 Wyoming___
51 Colorado.....
52 New Mexico.
53 Arizona__ _
64 Utah.............
55 Nevada.......
56
57
58
59
Pacific..............
Washington.
Oregon........
* California...
e, 643,983 $63.36 4,716,897 4,361,307 7,056,780 $56.68 5,580,939 1,313,832 $11.98
508,457 61.68 411,739 364,045 651,376 00.88 439,536 17,149 2.57
33,988 42.49 25,146 24,011 36,944 46.18 29,375 1,961 2.46
26,614 66.87 21,41C 19,275 24,87C 53.14 21,012 1,805 3.86
14,14E 39,29 10,084 0,995 14,265 39. OS 12,207 73 .20
309,9G9 72.26 252,171 212,413 338,095 79.04 265,827 11,395 3.35
32,969 47.36 26, 561 26,25C 38,717 55.63 29,069
90,751 55. 08 76,367 72,101 97,485 59.81 82, 040 1,915 1.17
1,928,176 72.12 1,407,208 1,317,885 2 ,210,898 82.90 1,053,038 207,805 11. 80
1,131,165 88.29 844,73S 777,30C 1,277,190 99.69 945,031 86,587 15.13
335,288 81.14 213,851 200,16c 417,468 101.03 305,326 57,676 13.96
466,723 46.97 348, C1G 340, 372 516,234 53.09 402, 082 63,542 8.20
1, 634,389 61.63 1,103,993 .1, 040, 859 1, 586, 278 61.72 1,254,000 307,745 11.98
418, 206 62.08 301, 302 273,923 416, 417 61.81 324,548 90, 609 13.45
163,137 49.89 127, 632 125,802 158,878 48.59 131,780 32,830 10.04
469,902 60.66 333,42C 314,75! 484,55C 62.55 365, 692 46,330 5.98
341,703 68.86 214,006 208,201 328,808 66.27 279, 417 82,046 16. 53
191,441 64.40 130,453 118,160 196,625 66.20 162, 563 55,930 18.83
663,831 46.65 492,342 438,472 087,988 49.65 538, 504 186,388 14.78
160, 278 60.53 107,486 102, 525 148,001 57.32 119,034 40; 357 15. 63
149,032 60.14 118,683 83,831 150,67C 60.8C 113,190 G6; 843 26.97
132, tiHCi 36.30 99,610 93,697 148,668 40.71 115,178 19,202 G. 81
27,781 40.62 22r576 20,082 28,464 41. 61 25,494 8,122 11.87
34,760 49.71 27,354 25,322 31,876 45.60 27,719 10,317 14.76
64,840 46.78 43,682 40,707 64,363 46.44 56,812 16,017 11.56
98,670 52.15 72,051 71,707 95,895 50.68 81,077 24, 530 12.97
499,943 31,29 848,828 318, 328 502,462 31.45 432, 696 187,978 12.04
10,829 45.12 5,44f 8,307 10,998 45.83 7,831 3,204 13. 60
71,026 43.05 52,762 47,931 83,186 50.42 63,577
45,284 92,04
18| 673 22.42
29,929 24,697 48,134 97.83
63, 967
34,433
26.29 43,825 37,018 64, 23C 26.40 55,709
62,497 29.90
26,217 15.2G
47,131 46, 655 53,49C 30.40
79, 384
44,489
24.66
17', 032 9.70
56,369 52,47! 82,494 25.52 76,162 4 2
38,783 21.09
,052 13. 01
23,741 22,21] 30,533 17.51 28,908
59,460 20.43
12) 735 7.30
39,898 34,947 56,880 19.55
80, 714
52,472
53.14
17) 853 6.14
49,722 45,083 72,517 47.74 69,055 30) 152 19.85
221, 764 22.20 147,008 128,434 229,930 2S. 02 198,927 99,548 9.97
• 55,182 20.94 39, 699 37,482 57,023 21.64 47', 578 11)864 4.50
65, 046 2 4 ,8 2 4 2 ,8 7 4 30,35C 69,8SS 26.42 59,051 32) 419 12.26
51, 609 19.28 28, 726 24,425 53,626 20.03 45,635 32,405 12.10
49, 317 24.27 36,709 28,176 49,392 24.31 44,663 22) 8G0 11.25
368, 932 29.66 242,415 226,312 401,220 32.43
3u, 746
324,212
1C. 49
86,462
16, 640
7.26
15,52f 29,283 15.70 27,396 11) Rfil fi 8 6
68, 762 iS'j£. 2t) 45,925 41,392 79,080 37.09 60,070 fl, u r n 3 79.
. 190, 608 31.57
32.07
48,946
130,904
47,881
121,513
88,376
204,482 36.32
34.41
73, 694
163,052
20,382
48,043
8.38
8.08
203, 071 54.4S 133,360 126,225 200,979 58.78 179,492 62,605 18 Tft
29,193 54.30 22,942 21,477 28,210
26,882
52.47
60.27
26, 208 11) 262
18,198
20. 95
IB,593 24,887 55.80
13, 912 60.75
23,310
8,633
7,824 17. 54
8,053 13,161
62,898
57.47
60.13
12,247
40,096
4,780 20.87
38,805 63,124
12, 518
60.35
29.11
54,820
8 , 518
15,269 20.28
8,298 12,007
30,028
27.92
67.33
10,840
16,728
2,371 5. 51
15,480 29,490
20, 601
66.12
40.08
26,016
13,225
12,513 28. 06
12,930 22,637
7, 639
44.04
83.03
18, 769
5,010
4,401 8. 56
4,588 7,463 81.12 6,677 4,185 45.49
671, 729
103, 964
55, 613
612,162
79.39
66. 63
67.27
86.72
426,016
55,445
37,982
332,589
401,797
54, 519
30, 586
310, 692
700,701
113,451
55,541
537,709
83.52
71.62
57.20
91.04
662,634
86,996
46,406
429,133
»Includes school districts, townships, and other civil divisions not shown separately.
179,168
20,172
15,725
143,255
22.96
12.73
16.19
27.29

BEVBNUES AND COSO? PAYMENTS— LOCAL
RNMBNTS, b y States: 1932
c o u n t ie s —c o n tin u e d
CITIES, TOWNS, VILLAGES, AND BOROUQHS
Governmental-cost
payments
Revenue receipts
Governmental-cost
payments
Total
Per
capita
Operation,
maintenance,
and interest
Total
Per
capita
ffrom taxes
Total
General
property
Total
Per
capita
.1,020,835 877,142
411,B28 $12.88 1,100,556 3,373, 594 2. 54 2,251,289 2,067,496 3,694,647 $46.32 2,777,222
17, 826 2.68 18, 636
2, ooe 2. 58 •1,680
2,205 4.84 2,070
112 .31 77
11,655 3.43 7,992
1,728 1.06 1,711
271, 775 16.44 172,845
119,906 20. 90 64,602
71.451 17.2G 53,426
80,418 10.37 54,757
303. 477 11. 81 229, 690
87,683 13.02 62,121
30,771 9.41 25,109
54,198 7.0(1 40,484
68,392 13.78 56,059
02,433 21.02 45,917
196,787 16.69 134,743
34,848 13.50 23,479
75,36C 30.42 43,958
24,674 8.74 17,249
8,741 12.78 6,731
10,435 14.93 8,144
17,606 12,77 14,603
26,026 13.23 20,670
166, 723 11.96 149,428
3,132 13.05 2,691
19,962 23.06 10,700
25,519 14. 86 22,900
17,433 9.93 12, 700
46,439 14.37 43.161
9,561 6.48 8,839
16,829 6.78 16,119
27,848 18.33 27,309
102, 396 10.26 81,403
11,688 4.44 10,906
33,643 12,72 30,069
32,044 12,31 29,217
24,121 11.87 21, 222
92,958 7.81 76, 240
11, 751 6, 30 11, 073
0,384 3.84 0,117
23,432 9.63 18, 949
51,391 8.06 40,101
61,277 17.77 67,196
10,905 20.28 10,016
7, 750 17.30 7,265
4,486 19. 5Q 4,133
15,151 20.13 13,031
2,364 5.50 2, 299
12,155 27.25 11, 796
4, 569 8,80 4,033
3,891 42.29 3,723
188, 607 26.46 176,474
21,915 13.84 18,980
16,852 17.-36 12,026
159,837 30.45 143, 568
412,750 60. 85
12,171 36.49
10, 751 46.14
4,909 31.08
297,912 69.28
32,672 46.84
54,275 51.28
1,202,323
915,550
195,584
181,189
859,273
169,444
47,034
174,150
109,249
98,796
220,583
69,971
29,094
61,573
4,638
6,715
18,956
29,736
247,441 35.40
7,472 48.38
50.977 48.02
45,284 92.04
37,000 41.04
8,153 12.45
27,061 24.90
9,404 18. 29
25,851 21.74
35,579 38.70
88,432
25,778
30,693
19,204
13,757
123.012
3,527
31.978
23,174
64,333
51,690
5,569
4,124
3,122
22,904
2,360
5,509
6,778
1,225
277,090
47,998
19,080
210.012
60.43
82.57
58.26
20.10
34. 24
33.37
22.31
27.33
44.76
52.31
28.74
43.37
19.95
27.05
17.87
24.03
24.86
28.81
25.66
25.92
20.50
20.62
20.29
21. 86
6.40
32.58
19. 68
22.06
26. 33
22.06
20. 00
26.31
35.47
17.16
31.38
18.38
22.42
45.10
46.84
31.90
40. 46
337,798 293,996 452,980 66.79
9,838 9,267 13,041 39.10
9,110 7,990 10,280 44.12
3,275 3,249 4,938 30.89
242,393 203, 010 326,830 76.00
26,401 26,090 38,418 55.07
46,781 44,389 59,473 56.20
955, 174 892,136 1,423,863 66. 58
688,945 638,048 976,060 88.02
136,805 126,860 228,098 67.94
129,424 127,228 219,705 31.65
375,479 336,055 870,068 34.85
91,116 74,459 171,522 33.78
28,643 27,008 47, 513 22.25
85,629 73,877 180,332 28.31
99,724 98,745 171,283 45.30
70,407 61, 066 100,316 53.11
131,350 122,330 217,462 28.88
46,194 43,863 68, 202 42.27
16,779 15,927 26,740 18,34
30,704 34, 021 69,857 30.69
2,124 2,047 3,965 15.57
3,684 3,698 6,050 21.65
10,212 9,826 16,713 21.92
13,659 13,048 25,935 25.12
165,827 137, 612 263, 718 36.30
3,064 2,942 7,797 50.48
37,262 33,532 61,087 57.54
20, m 24,697 48,134 97.83
24, 60S 21,472 38,46G 41.92
6,856 6,615 8,192 12.51
13,745 12,608 25,083 23.08
6,972 6,060 8,377 16.29
15,580 13,074 24,441 20.56
19,850 18, 662 32,138 34.05
66, 940 50,023 95, 216 27.31
17, 621 16,146 28,452 28,61
19,458 18,048 33,738 32.53
10,909 7,452 20,682 22.21
8,952 8,378 12, 344 23.59
74,713 70, 857 133, 746 28.77
2,374 1, 671 3,273 5.94
19,063 17,803 36,433 37.12
12,252 11,396 23,856 20.26
40,424 39,987 70,184 24.07
26,445 24,635 62,491 26.74
2,800 2,735 4,098 19.80
2,174 2,127 3,696 17.92
1,524 1,413 2,749 23.16
11, 37C 10, 768 23,114 35.80
1,15€ 948 2,050 14.84
2,667 2, 455 5,805 32.54
3,764 3,479 8,733 23.68
928 7Z0 1,346 24.84
187, 583 129, 962 294,216 47 89
17,98£ 17, 600 52,610 51.35
9,732 9,309 18,042 30.17
109,842 102, 953 223,558 49.44
1
2
3
4
567
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
20
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
40
60
61
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
tinent of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Financial Statistics of Stati

2 3 2 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
No. 2 3 6 .—R evenues, Cost Payments, and N et D ebt,
N 0/T;Iu thousands of dollars. The figures cover the government of the city corporation proper and also
with the cities, and also include a percentage of the financial statistics of tho county governments in which
the ratio of assessed valuation of tho city to that of the independent district or county. Net debt repre
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Revenues
C o s t p a y m e n t s
3
&
| General property taxes j
Other local taxes and
licenses
Shared taxes
| Grants
Service charges for current
services
Total
Operation and maintenance
i 0Eh
General adminis- !
trative, legisla- |
tive, and judicial!
1
Police |
Total..
New Y ork...........
Chicago...................
Philadelphia.......
D etroit....................
Los A ngeles...........
Cleveland........... ...
St. L o u is ............I.
Baltimore................
Boston.....................
P ittsburgh..............
San Francisco.........
Washington, D. C
Milwaukee.............
Buffalo.................
Minneapolis_____
New Orleans..........
Cincinnati..............
Newark................
Kansas City, Mo. .
S eattle....................
Indianapolis...........
Rochester..-.........
Jersey City..............
H ouston..................
Louisville_____
Portland, Oreg.......
Columbus, Ohio...
Toledo.....................
Oakland.................
D enver....................
A tla n ta .................
Dallas___ ____
St. P a u l...................
B irm in g h am .......
Akron......................
M em phis_____
Providence........
San Antonio___
Omaha________
Syracuse............
D ayton...............
Oklahoma Oity..
Worcester...........
Richm ond_____
Youngstown___
Grand Rapids...
Port W orth____
H artford.............
F lint....................
New Havon.......
2,708,293 1,766,972 172,688 97,487 404,968 S3,998 2,620,557 2,025,052 159, 557 192,718
771,046 459, 756 80,282 39,306 118,963 12,087 781,324 010,261 45,107 57,072
281,586 103,001 19,896 314 46,461 8,68(1 238,618 172,901 17,846 18,228
112,197 77,869 1,83ft 1, 779 8,688 3,216 113. 953 82,191 8,807 11,651
114,0G2 82,776 1,275 5.450 13,960 6,844 109, 938 84,128 6,378 10,325
108,114 63,220 3,630 4,675 27,958 4,159 112,850 81,329 7.874 7,130
62,959 38, 331 248 4,856 13,671 2,781 60,290 48,268 3,818 4,457
41,394 28,876 5,648 2,189 2,94C 46,810 34,620 3,683 5,255
63, 748 34,101 3,125 2,484 8,161 887 48,821 38,297 2,301 4,501
78, 513 55,210 2,104 5,406 8,255 2,813 73,869 63,972 4,474 5,031
56,151 44,855 291 870 4,728 1,797 54,499 38.623 5,374 3,029
47, 971 31,512 842 1,713 8,113 1,440 43, 977 36,200 3,484 3, 520
43, 917 22.071 11,752 2 6,812 1.107 43,568 36,642 2,158 3,719
45,153 29, 062 892 4,103 6,037 1,938 41,229 35, 564 2, 368 2,964
47,409 32, 689 296 2,724 9,328 939 54,573 39,885 2,883 2,763
34,075 21,238 808 153 8,055 1,054 35,998 28,311 1, 675 1,418
29,072 19,306 4,416 26 2,830 790 22. 509 15,128 2,344 1,500
34,681 17,864 257 2,507 7,217 2,120 31,348 23,052 2.127 1,566
43,373 30,007 4,133 116 5,29fl 1,436 42,664 35,162 2,846 3; 588
22, 010 16,211 2,272 ___ 2,126 728 24,117 15,635 2,041 1,390
21,870 13, 523 1,027 349 4, 606 1,054 20,130 17,101 1,758 1,425
18,000 13,758 238 249 2,801 656 17,112 14,724 950 1,235
32,233 22,127 226 1,899 5,194 1,3X0 31,137 25,365 1,747 1,218
34, 308 24,167 3,253 59 3.853 1,350 29,910 22,794 2,534 2,988
17,104 12, 238 646 2,923 853 17,653 10,652 1,037 823
13,847 10,311 641 6 962 774 14,632 10, 728 790 924
18,242 14,603 565 727 236 614 14,917 12,619 1.192 1,094
14,340 8,304 91 1, 225 2,092 392 11,417 7,954 566 676
13. 084 8,439 212 1,127 2,628 1,082 12; 781 9,540 489 838
14,834 9, 730 476 159 3,763 436 13,995 12,315 517 1,048
20,120 11,919 627 110 5,308 754 10,499 16,323 1,198 1,004
10, 717 5,976 1,207 27 600 858 10,477 8,195 399 882
9,498 6,777 423 1,221 442 9,535 6,590 307 639
13,203 8.215 007 65 2,267 508 12,839 8,611 444 737
6,210 2,950 1,191 144 825 226 6,591 5,286 287 520
12,350 7,176 20 076 2,404 606 11,564 7,967 407 482
9,270 5,729 1,410 119 1,330 263 7,407 5,401 279 536
16, 681 12,640 474 379 1,703 449 17,094 13,031 899 1,100
7, 025 5,235 328 1,104
8,718 6,729 970 48 326 291 7] 482 5,786 287 535
15,544 10,660 108 816 2,877 476 14,812 12, 965 624 713
10,663 0,813 80 650 1,810 661 8,499 6,555 315 475
7,568 4, 613 366 94 1, Q57 317 7,768 4,912 232 516
13,704 9, 6u8 377 1,398 1,432 614 13,465 12,360 463 961
9,306 5,615 1,145 160 632 476 9,319 6,826 591 565
7,507 4, 773 50 538 1,501 150 6,290 5,582 270 394
0,046 4,317 76 38 1,338 541 5,900 4,845 230 362
6,880 111
11,851 9,748 360 177 705 512 11,458 9,447 567 866
8,345 5, 398 53 31 1,444 736 6,186 5,363 198 402
9,646 8,317 290 188 354 265 8,588 7,503 381 798
; rn X 3 « . 22S S n2 ; f£ QZ n W r# elY and not included elsewhere,
includes $5,000,000 from tho Federal Government as representing its share of local expenses.

FINANCES OF CITIES 233
fo b C i t ie s o f 100,000 o r M o r e I n h a b it a n t s : 1937
Independent.school districts, sanitary districts, and other independent districts practically coextensive
there aro cities having over 300,000, population. The percentage included in each case is based upon
sents funded or fixed debt less assets in general sinking funds
w
Fire 1
general GOVERNMENT—continued PtTBUC-SERVICE e n t e r ­
p r is e s
Cost payments--Continued
Operation and maintenance—Continued
j Highways ,
Sanitation and
waste removal
i ( Hospitals 1
i !
1
j Chanties
1 i
3 ©o
•s
CQ
| Kecreation
Interest
Outlays
Net debt j
1
Income
Payments |
. 1
128,064 100, 242 09, 947 98,059 332,083 506, 129 58,132 222,582 372, 923 8, 903,791 403, 023 459,418 S, 499,040
26,139 22,730 32,147 28, 632 148,942 151,346 10,498 43,414 127,649 680,026 107, 531 124,792 1,167,736 1
7,775 10,095 9, 517 5,858 33,878 41,598 7,683 27,036 38,022 381,231 15,225 15,449 17,842 2
4,224 1,496 3, 580 3,916 1, 508 28,649 2, 422 17,245 14, 517 243,333 18,238 17,380 200,090 3
5,063 4, 233 4,915 6,985 8,198 20,958 1,881 14,157 11, 054 283,744 27,628 25,475 92,451 4
6,928 4, 680 1, 971 4,373 11,379 26,082 2,476 0,004 25,517 126,450 35,897 90,260 189,691 5
2,846 3,766 1, 983 2,524 8, 316 14,261 1,082 5,723 6,300 90,715 9,158 7,767 27,035 6
2,246 2,018 887 2,020 2,730 10,300 1,533 3,211 8,989 78,807 4,733 3,633 7 ,678 7
3,007 3,148 2,567 1,847 5,306 9, 200 1,053 5,412 5,112 96,005 9,163 9,684 58,095 8
3,660 2,927 3,021 3,709 13, 501 10,289 2,480 4,413 6,484 84, 516 8, 550 6, 478 45,640 9
2,003 2,937 1,753 982 4,189 12,167 1,092 5,867 10,009 132,724 4,034 3,278 7,714 10
3,364 1, 207 895 1,070 4,641 0,009 1,870 2 ,492 5,285 50,475 16, 663 17,470 111, 934 11
2,444 1,708 1, 827 3, 912 3,370 10,239 1,599 0,926 2,455 1,740 2,160
1,975 2, 212 2, 990 2,507 6, 300 9,123 1,828 2,463 3,212 44,627 3,719 3; 740 4, 559 13
2,242 2,145 1, 775 2,053 10,061 10,073 1,339 5,209 0,479 124,511 3,078 2,493 12,470 14
1,177 1, 736 594 1, 086 8,883 7,807 864 2, 507 5,180 55,977 1, 007 1,845 3,957 15
1,246 1, 589 1,251 G1 152 3,898 366 3,673 3,707 69,481 4,112 3,039 H, 939 16
1,292 1,501 893 1,842 3,285 7,588 418 3,380 4,015 49,80S 0,202 5,397 16,405 17
2,104 955 2,035 2,610 5, 481 9,607 666 5,642 1,061 77,053 4,222 3,778 45,690 18
882 1,370 732 1,161 345 5,312 853 2,782 6,700 54,570 2 ,4 0 4 2,513 15,10-1 19
1,360 2,251 019 1, 006 543 5, 536 507 1,663 1,375 29,424 13,783 15,074 59,936 20
1, 606 1,001 733 812 1,778 4, 915 410 1,326 1,063 28, 744 0, 282 5,724 8,617 21
1,174 1,500 1,455 1,248 5,979 6,904 734 2,659 3,113 50,495 2,193 1,193 12,130 22
1,252 975 953 3,360 1,939 5,452 620 3,354 3,762 68,116 2,179 1,624 11,001 23
808 1,090 524 492 383 3,013 214 2,074 4,927 41, 704 3,158 2; 572 9,908 24
612 681 512 833 904 3,910 398 1,644 2,260 33,069 1,980 1,854 972 25
1,273 1,012 335 356 907 3,681 431 1,075 622 28,983 3,092 3,055 19, 608 26
054 559 418 4 514 3,409 81 1,476 1,988 24,212 2,259 1,710 5,306 27
774 673 488 37 670 4,285 167 1,695 1, 540 34,887 1,077 1,438 698 28
1,204 570 226 2 22 5 ,7 2 2 577 631 1,040 11,452 5,635 4,675 41,159 29
1,001 748 414 634 4,801 4,594 735 869 2,318 14,888 4,310 6,384 24,567 30
713 458 500 745 277 3,474 177 559 1,723 11,948 2, 366 2,134 2,160 31
731 302 447 189 178 3,147 261 1,255 1,091 28,041 1,930 1,454 8,006 32
854 526 303 267 702 3, 372 379 1,605 2, 532 24,37£ 1,107 071 6,005 33
652 250 276 12 122 2,433 226 1,093 211 19,853 20 2,163 3,007 34
367 730 310 373 4,231 62 1,711 1,887 27,236 1,622 1,410 10,439 35
024 625 368 512 4 1,649 292 907 1,039 19,119 1,000 1,787 9,026 36
1,100 676 771 504 1,060 4,488 505 1,647 3,310 32,872 2,276 1,737 13,177 37
405 310 375 20 2,805 250 1,117 994 20,57* 1,002 752 4,759 38
710 417 208 13 2 2,702 154 1,100 596 10,130 3,788 3, 222 2,421 39
805 758 768 91 3, 446 3,925 382 1,227 621 34,521 934 772 5, 579 40
452 506 410 3 374 2,705 199 751 1,194 12,199 1,150 719 4,881 41
423 249 203 11 24 2,484 173 657 2,199 8,203 1,185 861 6,048 42
891 987 333 850 2,831 3,832 208 277 828 8,910 090 538 2,700 43
591 470 369 366 563 2,419 168 1,417 1,076 17,041 2,230 2 ,330 7,478 44
304 312 101 84 20 2,871 200 477 231 7,882 1,370 1,299 805 46
442 198 182 141 341 2,339 174 543 512 9,232 900 753 1,623 46
463 251 217 73 223 2,091 209j 1,010 2,007 21,074 1,000 869 5,443 47
753 430 445 220 1,700 3,171 370 791 1, 220 16,575 1,271 2,119 7,285 48
332 308 218 079 179 2,544 118 787 30 11,411 842 503 1,164 49
707 363 265 214 1,162 2,620 227 576 510 11,702 64 34 405 50
Net debt
City number in order of size j
2 6 7 7 0 6 °— 41- ■17

i
2 3 4 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
No. 2 3 6 .— R e v e n u e s , C o s t P a y m e n ts , a n d N e t D e b t ,
[In thousands of dollars]
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Kevenues
Cost payments
City number in order of size
OITT
J Total i
j General property taxes j
1
w
1
1 0
s i
3 8
0
Shared taxes
Grants
Service charges for current
services
Total
Operation and maintenance
•a
§
General administrative,
legislative,
and judicial
Police
51 San Diego................. 7,955 4,826 315 74 2,229 220 7,035 6,253 470 519
62 Long Beach.............. 8,963 5,384 318 52 2,284 173 9,224 6,523 424 563
53 Nashville................. 5,448 3,663 318 60 1,095 102 5,504 3,871 259 489
54 Springfield............ 11,428 8,474 285 1,116 086 353 10,708 9,269 382 731
55 Tulsa................... 5,748 4,403 195 64 883 65 4,911 3,616 176 261
50 Bridgeport............... 8,453 7,059 273 186 447 272 7,528 6,652 351 562
57 Des Moines............. 6,200 5, 553 250 79 193 5,747 4- 40ft
58 Scranton............... 5,338 3)866 111 192 857 42 5,015 4,091 248 386
69 Salt Lake City........ 5,544 3,850 233 000 252 5,012 4,441 am aas
60 Yonkers.............. . 13,468 10,270 98 498 1,663 91 12,793 10,795 754 978
61 Paterson................... 8,464 6,350 820 23 653 358 6,682 5,171 256 637
62 Jacksonville............. 5,844 2,313 310 992 74 5,702 4 R67
63 Albany..................... 8,195 6,075 25 529 898 89 7,894 6,601 404 827
64 Norfolk..................... 6,125 4,080 719 121 419 262 5,561 3,936 443 469
65 Trenton.................... 7,473 5,309 587 17 976 242 6,099 4,994 214 524
66 Chattanooga............ 4,251 2,420 134 19 1,161 199 4,330 2,841 118 204
67 Kansas City, Kans__ 3,665 2,975 148 u 265 62 4,297 2,076 160 236
68 Port Wayne______ 3,360 2, 504 94 84 455 50 2,979 2,634 82 242
69 Camden................... 7,814 6,022 1,245 11 928 83 6,030 4,020 367 426
70 Eric.......................... 4,642 3,906 15 119 279 61 4,337 3,613 284 259
71 Elizabeth................. 5,893 4,580 453 16 612 46 5,646 4,444 211 520
72 Wichita.................... 4,670 3,716 157 21 79 300 3,814 3,132 91 220
73 Spokane................... 4,345 2,082 227 94 1,346 200 4,206 3,601 176 268
74 Pall River____ . . . . 5,590 3,496 175 903 626 93 4,976 4,609 191 355
75 Cambridge............... 8,644 6,426 221 962 690 189 7,783 6,490 323 514
76 Now Bedford........... 5,942 3.506 185 1,000 844 105 6,644 5,058 220 411
77 Beading................... 5,136 3,971 136 100 674 89 4,905 3,323 241 285
78 Knoxville________ 4,667 3,417 120 39 659 136 4,411 3,065 163 296
79 5,124 3,090 315 1, 9flQ
80 South Bend............. 3; 241 2,425 50 86 '510 70 3^ 197 2,604 76 240
81 Tacoma.................... 4,077 2,025 300 87 1,170 312 3,744 3,300 207 244
82 Miami....... .............. 7,303 4,014 680 si a
83 Gary........................ 4,001 3,185 35 121 546 74 3,558 3,032 104 317
84 Canton..................... 4,379 2,457 23 394 874 150 3,699 2,959 142 267
85 Wilmington, Del__ 4,283 2,477 102 11 1,362 36 3,746 3,240 219 345
86 Tampa..................... 4,481 2,784 382 K44
87 Somerville............„ 6,092 4)077 155 361 703 64 6)336 5) 890 258 375
88 El Paso___ ___ ___ 2,753 1,812 74 7ni
89 Evansville............... 3; 157 2,188 80 53 562 217 3) 542 2’707 80
00 Lynn........................
288
6,372 4,209 201 609 767 180 6,308 5) 291 234 382
01 Utica........................ 6,264 4,503 30 329 1,128 34 5,820 4,949 267 378
92 Duluth.................... 5,199 4,029 131 17 641 155 4,394 3,567 329 278
03 Watcrbury.............. 5,795 5,106 167 110 63 177 6,768 6,432 309 421
04 Lowell.................... 5,524 3,990 150 615 564 140 5,301 4,957 235 335
1Totals inolude Items not shown separately and not included elsewhere.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report, Financial Statistics of Cities.

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OX

236 STATE AND LOCAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
No. 237.— L e v ie s o f G e n e r a l P r o p e r t y T a x e s , 1930 t o 1937, a n d A s s e s s e d
V a lu a t i o n o f P r o p e r t y , 1937, f o r C i t i e s o f 100,000 o r M o r e I n h a b i t a n t s
[In thousands of dollars]
•SJf
o'H
&2
0 3
1930 1932
LEVIES OFGENERAL PROPERTY TAXES
1933
Total-. 2,171,682 2,088,017 1, 846, 371 1,772,847 1,774,461 1,806,463 1,821,2 150,716, £
New York..............
Chicago................
Philadelphia..........
Detroit...................
Los Angeles...........
Cleveland_______
St. Louis...............
Baltimore..............
Boston...................
Pittsburgh.............
San Francisco........
Washington, I). 0 .
Milwaukee.............
Buffalo.................
Minneapolis..........
New Orleans.........
Cincinnati.............
Newark........-.......
Kansas City, Mo..
Seattle...................
Indianapolis..........
Rochester..............
Jersey City............
Houston................
Louisville..............
Portland, Oreg.......
Columbus, Ohio__
Toledo...................
Oakland.................
Denver..................
Atlanta..................
Dallas....................
St. Paul.................
Birmingham..........
Akron....................
Memphis...............
Providence.............
San Antonio..........
Omaha...................
Syracuse...............
Dayton..................
Oklahoma City__
Worcester..............
Richmond.............
Youngstown__ ...
Grand Rapids........
Fort Worth...........
Hartford.............
Flint......................
New Haven_____
San Diego..............
Long Beach...........
Nashville..................
Springfield, Mass..
Tulsa....................
Bridgeport...........
Des Moines..........
Scranton...............
Salt Lake City__
Yonkers...............
Paterson...............
Jacksonville..........
Albany.................
Norfolk................
Trenton................
Chattanooga........
Kansas Oity, Kang _
Fort Wayne........
Camden..................
Brie............ .......
Elizabeth............7"
Wichita........... .......
Spokane........
Fall River........7"""
Cambridge.............I
For footnotes, seo p. 237,
497,399 534,140
i 226,321 a 229,405
100,830 98,993
104, 258 94, 214
84, 610 61,035
55,180 34,426
36, uo 37,176
30,744 36, 546
61, 942 67, 751
47, 541 46,809
32, 502 32, 705
24,050 25, 254
35, 622 31, 934
38,080 33, 760
25,161 24,260
20, Q71 19,801
24, 906 18,164
35,085 34,350
10,34 2 18,166
24, 525 20,328
19,342 16,229
20,649 20,981
23, 971 24,644
16,188 14,406
15,374 12,980
16, 875 14,916
12,825 9,285
15, 629 10,090
15,947 15,498
15,026 12,970
11,380 10, G19
11,798 11,617
13,24C 12,494
8,329 7,040
12,227 7,007
10,427 9,525
13,556 13,207
9,800 10,421
11,211 9,024
13,029 11,978
10,112 7,819
6,752 7,399
10,238 11,697
7,365 7,041
8,276 5,828
9,368 8,552
7,842 7,188
9,320 10,529
8,611 7,794
8,941 9,533
8, 516 7,877
8,322 8,695
6,273 5,474
8, 787 9,872
7,045 7,208
7,840 7,724
7,685 7,741
6,218 5,7C5
6, 411 6,374
10, 720 12,014
9,053 7,935
6,349 4,220
8,599 8,136
5,402 6,172
7,823 7,378
4,638 4,154
5,061 5,158
5,488 3,668
6,741 6,210
4,801 6,362
6,640 5, 725
6,413 4,314
5,104 4,097
5,032 5,016
6,391 7,160
1934
455, 802 471,296
a 188,131 * 153,470
92, 970 80,147
68, 519 67,958
63, 949 53,210
32,186 31,051
33,719 29,743
33, 204 31,702
59,013 63,163
43,636 41,860
31,756 26,586
24,304 20,922
30, 560 30,993
27,961 30, 751
24,946 26,658
18,798 17,647
16,201 12,670
28/817 30,729
19,154 18,503
16,417 13,876
16,006 13,077
18, 541 21,332
23, 627 25,307
13, 203 12,389
11,931 12,266
16, 316 13,864
6, 249 5,976
9, 755 7,772
14,292 11,363
11,992 11,755
8,707 8,714
10,948 9,482
13, 542 13, 016
6, 374 6,784
6,290 6,000
8, 790 8,706
12, 609 12,556
8,828 8,366
8,679 8,463
8,712 10,685
6, 661 5,038
5,813 5,139
10, 518 9,918
6, 550 6,527
5, 671 4,368
7,435 5,858
7,188 7,158
9,783 9,447
7,020 5,360
7,419 8,475
7,543 5,934
6,575 6,397
4,984 5,357
8,832 8,692
6,688 5, 517
7,122 6,809
7,164 6,850
5,471 5,289
5,915 5,868
10,982 11,183
6,778 7,342
3,480 3,909
8,033 7,956
5,107 4,912
6, 068 6,430
3,604 3,628
4, 605 4,686
4,076 4,051
6,281 5,958
4,702 4,340
5, 511 5,70Q
3, 625 4,183
3, 541 3,479
4,506 4,629
6,393 7,100
1935
468,649
170,399
74,768
66,702
61, 783
33,052
29,273
33,536
61, 796
41,741
28,743
20, 558
28,806
27, 985
25,691
16,910
14, 696
31, 767
19,416
12,930
13, 915
20,611
26, 384
12,021
11,360
14, 200
6, 798
7,164
10,891
12,192
9,038
9, 662
13,305
5,871
5,930
8,869
12,497
7,204
8, 527
9,925
6,030
4, 577
10,732
6,252
4,387
5,820
6,651
’ 9,827
8,435
6,121
6,697
5, 227
8,717
4,942
7,363
6,851
5,274
5,857
11,075
6,859
3,167
8,093
4,659
6,466
4,137
4,477
3,832
5,804
4,379
5,745
4,008
3,242
4, 555
7,545
1936
452,683
186,300
73,385
66,233
58,486
33, 431
30,536
34,874
62,363
40,860
30,633
20,022
30,347
32, 721
23,580
16,583
15,219
35,043
19,254
13,157
15,024
23,084
27, 907
12,644
12, 546
14,743
7,386
8,090
11,282
12,855
8,892
9,742
13,074
5,760
7,280
8,636
12,609
6,999
8,358
11,414
5,578
4,841
10, 586
6,320
4,745
4.157
6,719
9,403
4,976
8,364
7.158
7,543
5,261
9,562
5,372
6, 932
7,603
5, 312
5,371
10,804
7,807
3,053
7,652
4,273
6,246
3,943
4, 598
3,493
5.878
3,882
5,485
4,314
3,226
4,318
7.879
1037
Assessed
valuation,
1937
459,320 16, 599, 695
186,300 1,956,929
73,385 3, 624,961
66,233 2,291, 720
65,694 1,702, 717
33,431 1,168,927
30,212 1,125, 977
34,874 1, 621,821
62,455 1, 625,194
40,800 1,100,444
30,900 980,422
21,453 1, 780,269
30,347 940,266
32, 721 963,317
23,580 550,214
17,056 420, 530
15,219 806,105
35,529 901,938
19,254 527,458
13,157 250,450
15,024 505,862
23,084 625,203
26,251 593,394
12,966 293,438
12,389 418,903
14, 609 270,540
7,386 348,400
8,090 392,777
12,406 257,263
12,855 363,132
10,906 370,791
9,742 281,941
13,074 273, 644
5,760 160,000
7,280 206,681
9,003 281, 669
12, 609 637,112
7,019 208,727
8,358 271,955
12,631 375, 398
5, 678 278, 911
5,033 110,839
10,480 285,058
6,424 265, 913
4, 745 263, 586
4,018 185,435
6,719 162,381
9,403 352,325
4,825 175,063
8,364 308,411
6,756 149, 066
7,838 208,124
5,040 160, 548
9,165 284,593
5, 086 100, 523
6, 932 232, 613
7,603 163,629
4,727 107,193
5,369 130, 910
10,768 314,896
7,774 173,514
3,105 71, 951
7,662 233,028
3, 932 150,817
6,393 161, 434
3,943 112,424
4,598 93, 707
3,493 147,006
5,865 136, 578
3,882 126,276
5,221 139, 675
4,314 135,160
3,226 70,942
3,815 96,876
6,994 177,929

finances op cities 237
No. 287.— L e v i e s or G e n e r a l P r o p e r t y T a x e s , 1930 t o 1937, a n d A s s e s s e d
V a l u a t i o n o p P r o p e r t y , 1937, p o r C i t i e s or 100,000 o r M o r e I n h a b i t a n t s —
Continued
[In thousands of dollars]
1City No. in
Iorder of size
CITY
LEVIES OF GENERAL PROPERTY TAXES
1030 1932 1033 1034 1035 1936 1037
Assessed
valuation,
1937
76 New Bedford....... .... 8,376 6,357 4,688 4,681 4,715 4,714 4,402 109,294
77 Heading............. ..... 4,623 4,554 4,330 4,312 4,312 4,600 4,600 145,684
78 Knoxville________ 4,841 4,791 4,251 4,310 4,496 4,636 4,006 126,694
70 Peoria...................... 4,146 4,154 3,338 3,306 3,477 3,588 3,588 78,336
80 South Bend_______ 5,304 4,021 3,882 3,405 3,107 3,162 3,152 128,172
81 Tacoma__________ 5,314 4,936 3,007 3,495 3,160 2,864 2,864 49,521
82 Miami..................... 6,674 5,886 3,841 4,420 4,442 4,723 6.416 138,609
83 Gary....................... 6,275 4,301 3,861 4,018 4,724 4,252 4,262 128,058
84 Canton................... 5,015 2,780 2,548 1,939 2,002 2,237 2,237 130,541
88 Wilmington, Del...... 3,883 3,730 3,530 3,540 3,102 2,972 2,972 152,146
88 Tampa..................... 5,394 4,402 4,892 4,543 4,498 4,249 4,587 88,707
87 Somerville________ 3,730 6,008 4,009 4,475 4,637 4.980 5,175 118,806
88 El Paso......... ......... 3,760 4,175 3,013 3,672 3.106 2,856 2,856 81,642
80 Evansville____ ___ 4,416 3,187 3,770 3,220 3.272 3,504 3,504 115,511
on Lynn........... ............ 4,123 6,007 4,746 4,834 4,890 4,903 4,507 137,392
01 Utica................... 6,428 6,427 4,200 5,166 4,884 5,446 4,427 130,988
02 Duluth................... 6,234 a 6,344 6,000 6,732 6,845 6,934 6,934 125,770
03 Waterbury_______ 7,060 6,841 5,527 5,234 8,187 5,114 5,192 164,834
94 Lowell..................... 4,413 6,008 4,820 4,366 4,679 4,949 4,332 102,645
1Data for year ending Dec* 31, 1929. * Data for year ending Dec. 31,1931.
* Data for year ending Doc. 31, 1932. 4Datajor year ending Dec. 31,1933.
Source: Department of Oornmerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report, Financial Statistics of Cities.
No. 2 3 8 .— R e v e n u e s , C o s t P a y m e n ts , G r o s s a n d N e t D e b t or G e n e r a l
G o v e r n m e n t a n d or P u b l i c - S e r v i c e E n t e r p r i s e s , e o r C i t i e s or 100,000
o r M o r e I n h a b i t a n t s — S u m m a ry : 1926, 1936, a n d 1937
1926 1939 1937
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Percent
of total
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Percent
of total
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Percent
of total
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Revenues, total......................
General property taxes......
Other revenues..............
Cost payments, total........ .....
Operation and maintenance.............................
Interest_______ _____
Outlays.............................
PUBLIC-SERVICE ENTERPRISES
Payments, total__________
Operation and maintenance.............................
Interest...........................
Outlays.............................
Net debt.............................
2,096,343 100.0 2,602,955 100.0 2,703,293 100.0
1,489,822
600, 621
2,310,870
2,389,137
‘ 265,783
666,000
5,203,850
14,488, 673
230,170
274,022
126,284
(!)
148,738
1,082,811
(')
71.1
28.9
100.0
00.1
‘ 11.1
28.8
1,726,053
876,902
2,882, 551
1,847, 700
234,733
800,112
6,447,880
10,331,517
00.3
83.7
100.0
7 7.0
0.0
12.5
1,760,972
941,321
2,820, 557
2,025,052
222,582
372,923
5,368,833
3,003,791
G5.2
34.8
100.0
77.3
8.5
14.2
290,267
408,623
100.0 362,477 100.0 469,410 100.0
45.7 134,489
(•) 119,332
54.3 138,020
2,838,343
(«)
84.3
80.4
35.3
a183,844
113,481
162,091
2,797,270
2,409,040
40.0
24.7
35.3
i Includes data for public-service enterprises.
*Includes administrative expense of enterprises owned but leased for operation.
*Included In data for general government.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tbo Census; annual report, rinanoial Statistics of Oities.

2 3 8 STATES AND iLOOAL FINANCES AND EMPLOYMENT
N o. 2 3 9 .— B o n d I s s u e s — C i t y P r o p o s a l s V o te d o n i n G e n e r a l E l e c t i o n s ,
b y N u m b e r o p P r o p o s a l s , A m o u n ts S u b m itte d , a n d N u m b e r o p C i t i e s
S u b m i t t i n g : 1938 a n d 1939
BOND-ISSUE MEASURES 1938
Number subm itted ..________________
Approved..............................................
Percentage approved_____________
Amount, submitted (thousandsotdollars).
Approved________ ______________
Percentage approved______________
Cities, number submitting____________
Approving *________ ____________
66 92
42
125,426
Total
Northeastern
1
1939
Region
North
Central9
Southern
8
Mountain
and
Paoiflc
158 66 2 24 30 10
47,237
78,189
38
46
33
33
50
63,309
22,022
41,287
35
35
2 7
17
100 29
225 30,346
225 3,081
26,365
166 18 2 13
18
12
60
20,880
14,433
6,447
69
14
6
4
60
11,858
3,383
8,475
296
31 21 2 7 9 3
27 18 7 7 4
1 Now England and Middle Atlantic. 2 East North Central and West North Central. 9 South Atlantic,
E ast South Central, and West South Central. * In 1938, 12 cities and in 1930,4 cities both approved and
defeated bond-issue proposals.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; special releases.
N o. 2 4 0 .— E mployees op M unicipal Governments, for Cities op 100,000
or M ore I nhabitants—N umber, J anuary 1940, and Amount op P ay
R olls, J anuary 1940 and Year 1939
N o te .—Figures in this table cover both full-time and part-time permanent employees and temporary employees.
The data are reported separately for general governmental functions and public-service enterprises
operated by the municipal government. Persons on work-relief and employees of contractors and
schools are excluded. A blank space indicates figures were not reported
rS 'O
i s
o
Now York, N. Y .......
Chicago, 111.................
Philadelphia, Pa........
Detroit, Mich............
Los Angeles, Cali!__
0 Olevoland, Ohio.........
7 St. Louis, Mo............
8. Baltimore, M d ._ .......
0 Boston, Mass.............
IP Pittsburgh, P a..........
11 Son Pranoisco, Calif..
12 Washington, D. 0 . ~
13 Milwaukee, Wls........
14 Buffalo, N. Y .............
15 Minneapolis, M in n -
16 New Orleans, La___
17 Cincinnati, Ohio.......
18 Newark, N, J ............
IB Kansas Oity, Mo___
20 Seattlo, Wash............
21 Indianapolis, Ind......
22 Rochester, N. Y ........
23 Jersey City, N. J-----
26 Houston, Tex........... .
25 Louisville, K y.......... .
20 Portland, Orog......... .
27 Oolumbus, Ohio........
28 Toledo, Ohio............
29 Oakland, Oallf.........
30 Denver, Colo............
31 A tlanta,G a...... ........
32 Dallas, Tex___ ____
33 St. Paul, Minn.........
34 Birmingham, A la.. -
36 Akron, Ohio........ . . .
Per footnotes, see p. 239.
NUMBER OF EM-
PLOYEKS JANUARY
1940 4, 363
4,796
3,861
2,680
3,920
2,297
8,449
1,861
1,803
1,816
in 3, 339
2,518
2,253
n 1,585
1,323
1,332
11,176
4,033
766
6,504
10,443
940
797
647
1,894
050
452
8 467
654
646
2,762
213
378
443
266
• 449
•517
533
195
309
172
16
203
a m o u n t o p p a y r o l l ( th o u s a n d s o f
d o llars)
January 1940 *
‘ 4,240
2,765
2,763
‘ 1,847
1,331
11,312
1,400
931
575
402
"518
265
302
312
216
254
385
290
249
169
162
General
governmental
Publicservice
enterprises
789
94
1,023
1,645
125
7 322
— '72
77
421
25
General
governmental
functions
214,982
"33,"029"
16,255
814, 760
20,006
15,745
10,000
11, 509
8,645
"6,"944
4,825
4,922
3,629
' 2,'862
5,028
3,438
2,822
11 3,276
2,032
2,040
1939 >
Publicservice
enterprises
23,607
"'i.'ias
1,527
989
1,012
3,868
1,034
872
1,125
'■‘928
5,056
'"237
648
427
648
770
. 281
416
424
80
310

MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES 239
No. 240. E m p l o y e e s o p M u n i c i p a l G o v e r n m e n t s , f o b C i t i e s o f 100 000
o n M o r e I n h a b i t a n t s — N u m b e r , J a n u a r y 1940, a n d A m o u n t o p P a y
R o l l s , J a n u a r y 1940 a n d Y e a r 1939—Continued
1City No. in j
| order of size \
CITY
NUMBER OF EM­
PLOYEES JANUARY
1940 l 2
General
governmental
functions
Publicservice
enterprises
AMOUNT OF PAY KOM. (THOUSANDS OP
nOLLAKS)
General
governmental
functions
January 1940 1 1939 3
Publicservice
govern­
General
enterprisemental
functions
Publicservice
enterprises
36 Memphis, Tenn..................... 2,149 10 200 1 2, ass
37 Providence, R. X_____ 2,546 115
38 San Antonio, T ex._.............. 1,601 12 81 1 977
39 Omaha, Nobr........................ 1,025 6 121 1 1,579 6
40 Syracuse, N. Y____________ ___ 1,986 184 274 19 3, 600 231
41 Dayton, Ohio.........................„ 1,264 156 161 33 1,921 387
42 Oklahoma City, Okla..................... 1.005 «132 137 M15 1, 863 167
43 Worcester, M a ss.,....................... 2,545 149 324 21 4,25 5 270
44 Richmond, Va......................... 1,785 393 233 64
45 Youngstown, O hio.--. ................ 985 205 123 20 1,480 261
40 Grand Rapids, Mich.............. 1,335 155 141 17 1,850 215
47 Fort Worth, Tex..................... _ _ 1,143 135 152 16 1,832 196
48 Hartford, C o n n ............................... 2 113 g
49 Flint, Mich........................................ 1,042 66 124 11 1,551 144
60 New Haven, Conn........................ 1,735 5 218 1 2,708 8
51 San Diego, Calif................................ 1,267 231 187 30 2,205 350
52 Long Beach, Calif............................. 1,503 467 240 69 2, 796 754
53 Nashville, Tonn...............................
54 Springfield, Mass.............................. 1,934 146 3,242 257
65 Tulsa, Okla........................................
56 Bridgeport, Conn..................... ........ 1,733 0 216 - 0 2,795 0
57 Des Moines, Iowa............................. 1,915 162 130 24 1,747
58 Scranton, Pa.................................... 809 Ifl7
59 Salt Lake City, XJtah........................ 1,065 65 117 5 1,023 69
60 Yonkers, N. Y ...................................
Cl Paterson, N. J ......................... .......... 1,068 0 tfiO o
62 Jacksonville, Ela............................... 1,386 655 193 89 2,308 1,065
63 Albany, N. Y ....................................
64 Norfolk, Va........................................ 1,220 68 148 11 1,797 138
65 Trenton, N. J ................................... J, 192 178 177 23
66 Chattanooga, Tenn..................... _
07 Kansas City, Kans........................... 482 679 64 95 700 1,093
68 Fort "Wayne, Ind............................... 575 894 78 62
69 Camden, N. J .................................... 976 69 no
70 Erio, Pa............................................. 747 182 83 22 1,066 266
71 Elizabeth, N. J........................... . 846 49 130 8 1,596 100
72 Wichita, Kans.................................. 717 31 64 3 846 39
73 Spokane, Wash.................................. 777 134 97 15 1,334 195
74 Fall River, Mass............................... 995 70 107 9 1,363 i n
75 Cambridge, Mass.............................
76 New Bedford, Mass.......................... 921 85 114 10
77 Reading, P a....................................... 710 160 83 19 1,028 233
78 Knoxville, Tonn............................... 777 430 84 64 629 407
79 Peoria, 111....................................... . 709 0 o 913 0
80 520 113 868 169
81 Tacoma, Wash................... ...... ........ 698 507 1,326 960
82 Miami, Fla......................................... 1,966 114 214 13 2,570 155
83 Gary, I n d ........................................ 595 0 87 0 146 0
84 Canton, O hio.......................... ........ 552 99 66 10 834 130
85 Wilmington, Del............................... 1,017 160 110 17 1,345 224
86 Tampa, F la ................................... 858 83 91 10 1,062 122
87 Somerville, Mass...................... ........ 854 47 116 7 1,604 88
88 E l Paso, Tox______ ____________ 543 103 68 u 853 143
89 Evansville, In d................................ 607 136 94 18 998 209
90 871 79 1,746 206
91 Utica, N. Y ........................................
92 Duluth, Minn.................................... 2,662 694 101 29 1,356 359
93 Waterbiiry, Oonn............................. 927 51 120 6 1,427 73
94 Lowell, Mass..................................... 967 102 122 16 1,497 180
i Pay period ended nearest Jan. 31.
i In some cases data are for Deoember 1939 or some other month In 1939.
* Calendar year, or in some cases, fiscal yoar ended in 1939.
‘ Excludes employees and pay rolls of Sanitary and Park Districts.
* Includes 11,664 temporary election employees earning $68,000 in the month.
* Includes 4,640 temporary election and registration employees earning $149,000 in 1939.
f Monthly pay roll estimated by city officials as one-twelfth of annual pay rolls.
* Covers only classified civil service employees. Data ior employees as ot Deo. 1,1939.
* Includes bridge employees not reported separately from harbor-faoillties employees.
*• Excludes employees of Colorado Museum of Natural History and Denver Art Museum, to which city
contributed a lump sum.
11 Data are for 1938. Excludes hospital and charities employees earning $283,472 in 1938.
» Includes 26 temporary employees, some oi whom apparently also performed genoral governmental
functions hut are not reported twice.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; State and Local Government Quarterly Employment
Survey, Vol. 1, No. 3,

PERIOD 1OR
CALENDAR
YEAR
3793-3800-.
1801-1810--
1811-1820--
1821-1830._
1831-1840--
1841-1860.-
1851-1865.-
1850-1860.-
1801-1865--
1860-1870-
1871-1876.-
1876-1880..
1881-1885..
1886-1890-.
1891-1895..
1896-1900-
1901-1905-.
1 9 08-1910-
1911-1915..
1916-1920-
1921-1925-
1 9 2 6-1930-
1931-1 0 3 5 -
11. BANKING AND FINANCE
N o. 241.— C o in a g e o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1793 t o 1939
( All figures in thousands of dollars]
Total Gold Silver Minor
2, 534
0,971
9,328
18,836
40,464
111,960
237,390
155,945
185, 015
126,901
201,346
378,084
300,384
300,322
328,759
546,055
589,215
596,088
218,388
171,721
826,838
496,704
207,915
1,014
3,251
3,167
1,903
18,778
89,216
214,143
130,2G4
175, 094
115,418
168,075
241,754
243, 745
126,180
260,169
411, 684
4 75,045
635,840
176, 535
35,525
535,005
424,221
139,595
1 9 0 1 ........... 134,094 101,735
1902 ..........................
79, 601 47,185
1903 ..........................
65,810 43,684
1904 ..........................
250,782 233,402
1905 ....................
58,269 49,638
1906 ....................
92,335 78,793
1907 ....................
148,128 131,907
1908-......... 145,499 131,839
1909........... 98,621 88,777
1,440
3,589
5,971
1G, 781
27,343
22,363
22,972
24,060
7,146
5,610
31,833
136,397
142,057
175,003
63,861
127,018
102,769
48,054
27,180
99,892
281,107
51,109
56,408
30,838
30,028
19,874
15,090
6,332
10,661
13,178
12,392
8,088
1,084
2,299
2,891
3,042
1 ,469
1,750
CALENDAR
YEAR
Total Gold Silver M in o r
79 1910 .......................... 111, 505 104,724
151 1911 .......................... 65,791 56,177
191 1912 .......................... 27,417 17,499
151
1913 .......................... 33, 285 25,433
342
1914 .......................... 61,750 53,458
381
1915 .......................... 30,145 23,908
276 1916 .......................... 33,743 18,525
1,021 1917 .......................... 36,540 10
2,775
1918 .......................... 31,446
5,873
1919 ........... 20, 778
I , 438
1920 .................... 50, 214 16,990
834
1921 .................... 100,783 10, 570
3,981 1922 .................... 166,077 80,680
5,139
4,729
1923 .................... 114,575 45, 305
7,352
1924 .................... 229,947 200,010
1925 .................... 216,457 192,380
10,801
1920........... 102,828 78,541
12,195
1927 .................... 141,147 125,645
14,672
1928 .................... 189,773 177,300
36,304
1929 .................... 54,225 -40,235
10,600
21,374
1930 __________ 8,731 2,440
1031........... 61,823 60,895
I I , 912
1932 .................... 68,423 66,665
2, 12Q
2,448
1933 .................... 13,130 12,035
1934 _____ 25,952
2,251
1935 ........... 38,581
1936 .................... 46,388
1937 .................... 31,124
1938 __________...
12,718
1939 .................... 38,289 -
1Figures for periods are totals, not annual averagos.
Source1. Treasury Department, Bureau of the Mint; Annual [Report.
3. 744
6,457
7,341
3,184
6,084
4,114
8,881
29,412
25,473
11,008
25, 057
89,058
84,325
60,283
. 21,627
19,874
19,826
11, 286
8,749
8,591
2,658
621
1, 562
896
22,092
31,237
34,057
22,036
8,998
27,913
3, 037
3 ,167
2, 677
4,007
2,208
2,003
6,333
6,118
5, 973
9,700
8,107
1,166
73
2,927
2,310
4,203
4,403
4,210
3,006
5, 400
3,833
307
196
206
3,860
7,344
11,731
0,088
3,720
10, 370
Total.... 6, 288, 584 4,526,218 1, 574,809 1S7, 557
No. 242.— M o n e y in C i r c u l a t i o n , b y K in d : 1924 t o 1940
[Allfigures in millions and tenths of millions of dollars. For total circulation for earlier years, see table 244]
DATE
Total
Gold
coin
Gold
certificates
Silver
dollars
Silver
certificates
Treasury
notes
of
1890
Subsidiary
silver
Minor
coin
United
States
notes
Federal
Reserve
notes
Federal
reserve
bank
notes
N a ­
tional
bank
notes
June 30:
1024___ 4,849.3 393.3 801.4 54.0 364.4 1.4 253.0 97.0 297.8 1,843.1 10.1 733. 8
1925---- 4,816.2 402.3 1,0018 54.3 382.8 1.4 262.0 100.3 282.0 1,030.1 6.9 081.7
1020-.. 4,885.3 391.7 1,057.4 51.6 377.7 1.4 270.1 104.2 294.9 1,079.4 5.5 661.5
1927.... 4,851.3 385.0 1,007.1 48.7 376.8 1.3 275.0 108.1 292.2 1,702. 8 4.6 650.1
1928.— 4,796.6 377.0 1,019.1 46.2 384.0 1.3 278.2 111.1 298.4 1,020. 4 4.0 650, 2
1929— 4,746. 3 308.5 935.0 43,7 387.1 1.3 284.2 115.2 262.2 1,092. 7 3.6 062.8
1930-.. 4,522.0 357.2 994.8 38.0 386.9 1,3 281.2 117.4 288.4 1,402.1 3.2 650.8
1931.— 4,821.9 303.0 900.5 34.3 377.1 1.2 273.1 117.4 299.4 1,708.4 2.9 648. 4
1932-- 5,695.2 452.8 715.7 H0.1 352.6 1.2 256.2 113.6 289.1 2,780. 2 2.7 700. 9
1933.— 5,720.8 320.9 265.5 28,0 360.7 1.2 256.9 112.5 268.8 3,060.8 125.8 919.6
1034.__ 5,373.5 m 149.7 30.0 401.5 1.2 280.4 119.1 279.6 3,008.4 141.6 901.9
1935___ 5,507.1 (0 117.2 32,3 701. 5 1.2 295.8 125.1 286.4 3,222.9 81.5 704. 3
1936__ 6,241. 2 (') 100.8 35.0 954.6 1.2 316.5 134.7 278.2 4,002. 2 52.0 366.1
1937-__ 6,447.1 Cl 88.1 38.0 1,078.1 1.2 340.8 144.1 281,5 4,168.8 37.6 208.9
1938— 6,400.9 « 78,5 39.4 1,230.2 1.2 341,9 145.6 262.2 4,114. 3 30.1 217.4
1939— . 7,046.7
1
71.9 42.4 1,453.0 1.2 361.2 154.9 260.0 4,483.6 25.6 186.5
1640--- 7,847.5 « 66.8 46.0 1,581.7 1.2 384.2 169.0 247.9 5,163.3 22.4 165.2
Dec. 31:
1038— 0,856.4 (0 75.2 41.6 1,339.0 1.2 357.3 151.4 257.2 4,405.3 27.6 200.6
1039— 7,598.1 w 69.5 45.2 1,554.3 1.2 380.9 164.3 272.1 4,911.8 23.8 176.1
1 Under orders of the Secretary of the Treasury of Dec. 28,1933, and Jan. 11 and IB, 1934, all gold coin
domestically owned (with minor exceptions) was required to be delivered to the Treasurer of the United
States, and under the Gold Reserve Act of 1934 (Jan. 30) withdrawn from circulation and formed into bars.
Gold coin ($287,000,000) shown on Treasury records as then outstanding was dropped from statements.
Source: Treasury Department; Annual Report of the Secretary, Circulation Statement of United States
Money published monthly.
240

MflNEY 241
N o . 243.— M o n e y — Stock, b y Kind: 1860 t o 1940
Noth.—Amounts in thousands of dollars. Figures prior to 1890 were revised in 1926 from the best available
data, but the older records, especially from 1800 through the early 70’s, are not complete and figures for
gold and silver for those years are only estimates. In 1927, data were revised to include minor coins beginning
1000 (no satisfactory data available for earlier years) and gold coin and bullion held abroad for Federal
Reserve banks and to exclude gold earmarked for foreign account
J u n e so
(EXCEPT
AS INDI­
CATED)
1860.
1865.
1870.
1875.
1880.
1885.
1890.
1894.
1895.
1890.
1897.
1898.
1899.
1900.
1901.
1902.
1603.
1904.
1005.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1915.
1916.
1017.
1918.
1919.
1921.
1922.
1923.
1924.
1925.
1926.
1927.
1928.
1929.
Total i
442,102
1,180,197
899,876
925,702
1,185, 550
1,637,434
1,685,123
1,805,079
1,819, 360
1,799,975
1,906,770
2,073, 574
2,190,094
2,366,220
2,511,472
2,593,910
2,717,646
2,838,023
2,919,494
3,109,380
3,158, 111
3,423,068
3,451,521
3,460,856
3,000,989
3,701,065
3,777,021
3,797,826
4,050,783
4,541,730
5,678,774
6,900, 237
7,688,413
8,158,496
8,174, 528
8,276,070
8,702,788
8,846,542
8,299,382
8,428,971
8,667,282
8,118,091
8,538,796
8,306,564
9,079,624
0,004,605
10,078,417
Gold coin
and
bullion a
214.000
189.000
189,500
121,135
351,841
588,697
005, 663
627,293
636,256
599,598
690,239
861,515
963,498
1,034,384
1,124,639
1,192, 595
1,248, 682
1,327,650
1,357,656
1,475,707
1,406, 389
1,618,133
1,642,042
1,036,048
1,753,107
1,818,188
1,870,702
1,890, 657
1,985, 639
2,444, 636
3,220,242
3,162,808
3,113, 306
2,865, 482
3,274,730
3,784,652
4,040,554
4,488,301
4,360,382
4,447,397
4,687,298
4,100,103
4.32-1,351
Silver
dollars
* 2,743
69,660
208,639
380,083
548,000
547, 777
551,724
556,590
561, 351
563,097
506,131
568,183
570,135
673,643
572,870
568,229
568, 252
508,250
568,260
668,277
568.278
568.279
568,278
508,273
568.272
568.272
508,271
568,270
499,516
308,146
268,857
288,788
381,174
491,887
503,755
522,001
533,491
537,944
539,902
539,061
Subsidiary
silver
21,000
9,500
10,000
28,000
72,862
74, 940
76,825
76, 250
76,954
75,972
75,818
70,128
74,867
82,864
89,823
07,184
102,036
107,002
114,824
118, 225
130, 452
147,356
156,409
155,150
150.007
170,588
175,106
182.007
185,430
188,890
198,276
231,857
242,870
258,865
271,314
271,211
209,180
277,014
283,472
288,023
205,500
209,010
304,187
United
States
notes
431,060
356,000
375, 772
346.681
346.681
Frac- Other
tional United Statepaper
States bank
cur- cur- notes
rency3 rency
25,006
30,879
42,129
340.681 ...........
340.681 ...........
346.081 --------
346.081 , ri
346.081 Minor
340.681 coin
340, 681 _____
340.681
346, 681
346.681
346.681
346, 081
346, 681
346, 681
340.681
346.681
340, 681
340.081
340.681
346, 681
346, 681
346.681
346, 681
346.081
346.681
340.081
346.681
26,520
28,404
30,643
32,035
34,519
36,384
30,403
42, 550
44,304
45,108
47,204
51,028
53,094
56,951
59, 536
01,327
63.909
69,688
78,146
82.909
236,507
2,507
551
Federal
Reserve
notes
84,261
176,108
547,408
1,847,580
2,687,557
340,631 02,479 3,405,877
346.081 08,522 3,000,430
340.081 98,593 2,555,062
346.681 99,050 2,670,902
340.081 102,445 2,339,048
346.681 104,004 1,042,240
340.081 108,891 1,995,206
340.081 113,205 2,077,478
340.681 116,689 2,002,811
346.681 120,640 2,194,970
346.681 126,001 1,746,601
346.681 126,887 2,101,578
346.681 120,493 3,028,307
340.681 126,746 3,336,800
340,081 127, 711 3,350,088
346.681 133,040 3,492,854
346.681 139,057 4,296,310
346.681 150,054 4,508,073
346.681 157,183 4,420,815
346.681 161,147 4,763,080
346.681 173,909 5,481,778
1930 .................... 4,534,866 539,060 310,978
1931 .- 4,055,921 639,058 308,010
1932 .................... 3,918,696 540,008 304,883
1033 .................... 4,317,564 540,007 208,634
1034 13,634,381 .................... 7,850,181 8541,567
205,892
1935......... 15,113,035 9,115,643 8858,951
312,416
1036------- 17,402,493 10,608,417 81,255,291 331,716
1037------- 10,376,090 12,318,271 *1,382,276 368,899
1938 20,096,865 __________ 12,962,954 H, 684,243 373,461
1939 23,754,736 .................... 16,110,079 *1,777,664 379,812
1940 28,457,959 --------------- 19,963,001 * 1,000,240 402,261
Dec. 31:
1938 22,099,382 __________ 14,511,024 81,084,703
1939 25,880,973 __________ 17,643,57781,845,291 376,227
390,460 346,681 340,681159,057
168,943
4, 790,047
5,274,523
207,102
142,920
2,223
904
Federal
Reserve
bank
notes
9,000
12,790
15,444
187,607
201,226
150,772
80,495
22,083
10,596
7,176
5,713
4,854
4,155
3,711
3,260
2,974
2,772
141,326
100,666
84,354
53,300
38,472
30,840
20,074
22,809
Nationalbank
notes
146,138
299,767
354,408
344,505
318,577
185,071
206,855
211,601
220,001
231,442
227,900
241,351
309,640
353,742
356,672
413,071
449,235
495, 720
561,112
603,789
698,334
689,920
713,431
728,105
745,135
759,158
75Q, 072
810,274
744,176
715,420
724,205
719,277
719,038
743,290
758,202
747,440
778,012
733,366
702,669
704,140
690,621
704,204
098,317
097,004
736,674
970,001
954.095
760.096
371,722
272,164
220,688
189,202
167,190
28,079 202,904
24,276 178,222
Percentage
of
gold to
total
money
48.41
16.01
21.06
18.09
29. 68
38, 29
41.28
34. 75
34.97
33.31
36.51
41. 55
43. 09
43.71
44. 78
45.98
45.95
46.78
40.50
47.46
46.43
47.27
47.57
47.19
48.01
49.11
40.53
49.78
40.02
63.83
50.71
45.80
40.49
35.12
40.00
45.73
46.53
50.74
52.54
52.76
52.93
50.02
50.64
54.59
54.58
43.52
42.84
57.62
60.32
60.96
63.57
64.60
67.82
70.16
05.07
68.17
1 The totals involve a duplication to the extent that United States notes, Federal Reserve notes, Federal
Reserve bank notes, and national bank notes, all included in full, are in part secured by gold, also included
in full. Gold certificates, silver certificates, and Treasury notos of 1890 have been excluded, however,
since they are complete duplications of the equal amounts of gold or silver held as security therefor aud included
in the totals.
8 By a proclamation of the President dated Jan. 31,1934, the weight of the gold dollar was reduced from
25.8 to 15?4i grains of gold, 0.9 fine. The value of gold is therefore based on $35 per fine ounce beginning
June 1934; theretofore, it is based on $20.67 per fine ounce.
1 There has been no fractional currency in actual circulation to any extent since 1878.
* Silver bullion in Treasury.
8 Includes silver bullion as follows: Juno 30, 1934, $1,560,000; June 30, 1935, $313,309,000; June 30, 1936,
$708,211,000; June30,1937,$835,190,000; June 30,1938, $1,037,103,000; Dec. 31, 1938, $1,137,624,000; Juno 30,
1939, $1,230,586,000; Dec. 31, 1930, $1,296,212,000; June 30,1940, $1,353,162,000.
Sourco: Treasury Department; Annual Report of the Secretary, Circulation Statement of United States
Money published monthly,

2 4 2 BACKING AOT FINANCE
No. 24=4—M oney in Circulation, M oney H eld in T reasury and in F ederal
R eserve System, and T otal Stock: 1800 to 1940
N o t e .—All figures except per capita in . thousands of dollars, In conformity with revisions in the form of
circulation statement in 1922 and 1927, figures for 1915 on have been compiled to include i n the holdings
of Federal Reserve banks and agents, and, hence, in stock of money, gold bullion and foreign coin held
by them and gold coin and bullion held abroad for the account of Federal Reserve banks, and also to
include in the holdings of Federal Reserve banks and agents, and, hence, exclude from circulation, all
forms of money held by them whether as Reserve against Federal Reserve notes or otherwise. See also
beadnote, table 243. Per capita figures based on population estimates of the Treasury Department
Stock of
JUNE 30 money in
(EXCEPT AS the United
INDICATED) States1
Total
MONEY HELD IN THE TREASURY
In trust Gold Held for
against reserve Federal
gold and aRainst Reserve
silver United banks
certifl- States and
cates i notes > . agents
AH
other
money
MONEY OUTSIDE OF THE
TREASURY 1
Held by
Federal
Reserve
banks
and
agents
In circulation
Amount *
Per
capita
(dol-
1800. 28,000 1,500
1,500
26,500
1810. 58,000 3.000
3.000
65,000
1820. 60,100 2.000
2.000
67,100
1830. 03,100 6,753
5,756
87, 344
1840. 189,969 3, 064
3,664
186,305
1850. 285,367 6,605
6,605
278, 702
1860. 442,102 6,695
6,695
4435,407
1865 1,180,197 96,657
96,667
1,083,541
1870. 899,876 156,994 32, 085
124,930
774, 966
1875. 925,702 109, 461 17, 549
91,912
833,789
1880. 1,185,550 225,922 13,753 100,000
112,168
973, 382
1885. 1,537,434 473,126 228,261 100, 000
144,865
1,292, 669
1890. 1,685,123 684,259 428, 387 100, Q00
155,872
1,429,251
1895. 1,819,360 701,339 483,947 100,000
117,391
1,601,968
1900. 2,366,220 969,492 684,503 150.000
134,990
2,081,231
1903. 2,717,640 1,108,982 851,068 150.000
167,914
2,399,732
1904. 2,838,023 1,224,813 939, 096 150.000
135,117
2,552, 906
1905. 2,919,494 1,245,501 949,347 150.000
146,163
2,623,34Q
1906. 3,109,380 1,330,109 995,419 150.000
184,690
2,774,690
1907. 3,158,111 1,420,507 1,076,259 150.000
194,247
2,813,863
1908 .................... 3,423,008 1, 597,132 1, 253,219 150.000
193,913
3,070,155
1909 ........................................
3,451.521 1,599,621 1,290,020 150.000
152,695
3,148,826
1910 ........................................
3,406,856 1, 603,186 1,285,014 160.000
168,172
3,148, 684
1911 ........................................
3,606,989 1, 731,084 1,387,149 150. 000
193,936
3,263,053
1912 ........................................
3,701,065 1,782,320 1,415,576 150.000
210,744
3,335,220
1913 ........................................
3,777,021 1,834,112 1,475,783 15Q, 000
208,329
3,418,692
1914 .................... 3,797,825 1,845, 570 1,607,170 150.000
188,391
3,459,434
1916.......... 4,060,783 1,907,605 1,619,429 152,977
195,259 382,965 3,310,582
1916 ........................................
4,541,730 2,350,530 2, 067,400 162.979
146,147 593,345 3,649,258
1917 ........................................
5,078,774 2,859,390 2,003,301 152.979 626,295 116,731 816,365 4,060,404
1918 ........................................
6,906,237 2, 976,251 1,407,694 152.979 1,205,082 210,496 855,984 4,481, 697
1919 ........................................
7,088,413 2, 907,812 906,673 152, 979 1,410,080 432,074 810,636 4,876,638
1920 ........................................
8,158,490 2,379,664 704,63B 152.979 1,184,276 337,771 1,015,881 5,467,589
1921 __________ 8,174,528 2, 921,089 919,643 152.979 1,637,857 310,610 1,262,089 4,910, 002
1022- ____ 8,270,070 3,515, 683 1,000,578 152.979 2,108,887 253, 139 1,297,803 4,463,172
1023___ 8,702,788 3,821.846 1,150,168 152.979 2,285,170 233,529 1,207,836 4,823,275
1924 __________ 8,840,542 4,248,438 1,028,139 152.979 2,260,891 206,429 1,370,935 4,849,307
1925 --------------- 8,299,382 4,176,381 % 069,799 163, 021 1,752,744 210,217 1,367,501 4,815,208
1926 __________ 8,428,971 4,210,358 2,139,770 154,189 1,717,348 199,050 1,473,118 4,885,200
1927 --------------- 8,667,282 4,150,056 2,096,205 155,421 1,712,003 105,427 ,1,753,110 4,851,321
1928 --------------- 8,118,091 3, 725,650 1,980,701 1 5 6 .0 3 9 1,387,650 195,199 1,582,570 4, 790, 620
1929 --------------- 8,538,796 3,789,880 1,854,373 160.039 1,502,426 217,049
1930 __________
1,850,980 4,740,297
8,306,564 4,021,037 1,978,448 166.039 1,796,239 91,211 1, 741,087 4,521, 988
1931 __________ 9,079,024 4, 227, 735 2,10Q, 103 166.039 1,776,690 98,902 2,226,059 4,821,933
1932 __________ 9,004, 505 3,493,122 1,979,137 156.039 1,235,737 122,209 1,795,349 5,695,171
1933 __________ 10,078,417 3,797,692 1,711,721 166.039 1,771,486 158,446 2,271,682 5,720,764
1934-.._ 13,634,381 8,408,392 5,453,713 166.039 *3,999,055 2,798,640
1035......
1,306,985 >5,373,470
15,113,035 9,997,362 7,131,431 160,030 *6,532,590 2,709,891 1,147,422
1936 __________
5, 567,093
17,402,493 11,851, 635 9,355,224 156, 039 *6,80L087 2,340,372 3,36Q, 854
1937 __________
6, 241,200
19,376,690 13,685,480 10,240,964 156, 039 *6,030,913 3,288,477 3,454,205 6, 447,066
1938 --------------- 20,090,805 14,535,027 12,233,068 156, 039 *7,889,838 2,146 520
1939 .......
3,503,570 6, 400,891
23, 754, 736 Z7,862, 071 15,299,202 150.0 3 9 *10,708,118 2,407,369
1940 ....................
3,436,467 7,046,743
28,457,959 21,836,936 19,651,067 1 5 6 .0 3 9 614,938,896 2,029,829
Dec. 31:
3,485,695 7,847,501
1938- 22,099.382
1939.. 25,880,073 16,175,514
10,466, 246 13,469,141
17.057,065 156.039 156.039 48,983,148
*12,393,580 2,550,333
2,253,142 3,554,453 6,856,409
3,480,069 7, 598,143
4.99
7.60
6.96
6. 78
10.91
12. 02
13.85
31.18
20.10
18.97
19.41
23. 02
22.82
23,24
27.28
29.82
31.18
31.51
32.77
32.69
35.19
35.41
34.84
34.72
34. 87
36.12
34.93
32. 90
35.63
39.05
42.33
45.96
51. 38
45.29
40.61
43.18
42.64
41.73
41. 71
40.90
39.97
39.08
30.74
38.85
45,67
45.40
42.44
43.66
48.60
40.88
49. 62
53. 72
59.39
52.46
57.71
mL?coId aEm?VQr and Treasury notes of 1890 are excluded before combining money outside of the
EJ 5 tho TreaBu.ry in order to avoid duplication, since the gold and silver held in Treasury
as security against these currencies is included. See also notes 1 and 2, table 243.
j gotn of these items include also reserve against Treasury notes of 1890.
i * e 24mi.* 4 Includes total stock of silver dollars and subsidiary silver.
' i j , ^ n°t included In the total since the gold held as security against the
gold certificates is included in the column, “In trust against gold and silver certificates;”
Money p u b S ^m m itW y meDt' Ammal Re:port ot the Secretary, Circulation Statement of United States

FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS 243
No. 245.— F e d e r a l R e s e r v e B anks— P r in c ipa l As s e t s: 1915 to 1939
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
bank and date
Total
assets
Total
RESERVES
Gold
and gold
certificates
Total i
RESERVE BANK CREDIT OUTSTANDING
Total
bills and
securities
3
Bills discounted
Bills
bought in
open
market
United
States
securities
AUF. R. banks:
Deo. 31, m s . . . . 090,810 555,4S1 542. 710 109, 761 84,179 32,300 23,723 16, 856
Dec. 31,1920___ 6, 264,106 2,260.396 2,050,435 3,354,634 3,234,828 2,687,393 260,406 287! 029
Dec. 31,1925___ 6,109,404 2,824,371 2,701,315 1,459,172 1,395,122 842,993 374,356 374,568
Deo. 31, 1930___ 6,200,648 3,081,617 2, 041, 219 1,373,332 1,351,852 251,398 363,844 729,467
Dec. 31, 1935___ 11,026,800 7,835,351 7,570,801 2,485,631 2,472,733 4,672 4! 656 2,430,731
Juno 30, 1036___ 11,574,073 8,384,645 8,119,491 2,472,679 2,467,445 4,082 3,077 2', 430| 227
Deo. 31, 1930___ 12,624,093 9,121,156 8,864.621 2,500,163 2,460,870 2,913 3,080 2,430, 227
June 30, 1937___ 12,496.481 9,158,687 8,846,378 2, 661,674 2,562,072 9,929 3,801 2,526,190
Deo. 31, 1937___ 12,879,630 9,481,015 9,129,327 2, 612,136 2,592,470 9,866 '540 2,504,015
June 30, 1938___ 14,313,643 11,040,729 10,645.316 2, 505,520 2,580, 287 8,214 537 2j 564! 015
Deo. 31, 1938___ 15,580, 692 12,165,806 11,797,593 2,600,983 2,584,179 3,071 549 2, 564,015
June 30, 1939.,-. 17,171,809 13,874,046 13,523,562 2,578,603 2,668,257 4,714 656 2,550,637
Doe. 30, 1939___ 19,027,335 15,524,217 15,209,023 2,592,667 2,502,079 6,765 2, 484, 270
Boston:
Dec. 31, 1930___ 839, 165 575,952 555,760 179,513 178,382 1,092 225 174,190
Dec. 31,1937___ 800,453 539,154 503,891 190,761 190,215 651 41 186,794
Deo. 31,1938___ 908,247 690, 759 660,647 196, 096 194, 90S 41 41 192,971
Dec. 30,1939___ 1,166,983 895,268 366,740 188,273 181,712 30 180,381
New York;
Dec. 31,1936___ 4,449,769 3,605,237 3,440,426 071,533 653,447 1,146 1,100 645,243
Deo. 31,1037___ 4, 035,428 3,666,028 3, 687, 008 753,810 747,448 3,120 212 739,704
Deo. 31,1038.... 0, 276, 648 5, 221.095 5.117.171 833,308 820, 561 1,045 215 815,422
Dec. 30, 1939.... 8, 351,673 7,298,769 7,227,053 822,310 775,920 2,348 771, 537
Philadelphia;
Deo. 31,1936___ 803,759 520,960 496,602 214,063 214,305 313 317 208,990
Deo. 31,1037___ 790,418 502,331 475,301 223,547 222,688 2,153 55 216,853
Deo. 31, 1938___ 869,972 570.918 547, 607 224, 046 227,114 1,177 56 222,761
Deo. 30, 1939___ 1,176,352 873,603 847,133 216,536 216,442 663 212,695
Cleveland:
Deo. 31, 1936.... 1, 038,809 680,072 665,905 253, 991 247,305 28 294 245.709
Deo. 31,1937___ 1, 028,127 700,416 072,794 254,119 251,193 673 50 249, 601
Deo. 31,1938..-- 1,154,703 808,443 784.692 258, 212 258,734 245 51 257,820
Deo. 30,1939.... 1,422,007 1,060,000 1,028, 726 271,038 200,192 655 259,222
Richmond;
Deo. 31, 1936___ 616, 767 319, 070 302,605 129, 767 128, 449 163 121 125,510
Deo. 31,1037.... 519, 200 320,065 295,046 138,422 136,782 695 23 134, 396
Deo. 31, 1938.... 666,024 379, 784 357,867 125, 910 322,018 207 24 120.321
Dec. 30, 1939.... 632,001 426,701 406,538 136,215 130,074 272 128,854
Atlanta:
Doc. 31, 1936___ 400,687 260, 696 252,148 99,983 99, 727 31 108 99,188
Deo. 31, 1937-.. 394,745 249,282 232,108 114,178 113,345 960 19 132,238
Dec. 31, 1938___ 429,149 291, 370 275.850 106, 255 105, 552 186 19 104,522
Dec. 30, 1939___ 401,016 318, 237 301, 570 104,691 101, 206 210 100,392
Chicago:
Deo. 31,1936___ 2,091,963 1,695,557 1,604,960 287,937 285,787 35 385 283.933
Dec. 31, 1937___ % 186,479 1,804,394 1,760,703 282,953 282,985 229 65 281,991
Dec. 31,1938___ 2, 539, m 2,252,400 2,200,843 270, 615 277,001 129 68 276, 380
Deo. 30,1930___ 2,904,322 2,490,102 2,456,286 273,141 274,113 643 273,146
8t. Louis:
Dee. 31,1936___ 428,337 273, 416 256, 051 116,755 116,359 40 86 115,809
Dee. 31,1937___ 446, 552 299, 352 283,247 112,237 112,746 23 3 112,483
Doo. 31,1938___ 480, 908 337, 307 317. 673 10B, 339 106,859 45 2 106,791
Deo. 30,1939.... 559,813 432,453 414,670 87,140 84,434 201 84,222
Minneapolis;
Dec. 31,1036___ 298.062 184,211 176,910 91, 555 91,842 10 61 90, 707
Dee. 31,1937.... 302,394 195,866 180,103 83,821 83,823 175 2 83,009
Doo. 31, 1938___ 328.698 249,844 242.058 57,326 57.915 134 2 56.815
Deo. 30, 1939.... 361,632 268,053 258,785 72,883 68,450 266 67,441
Kansas City:
Dec. 31, 1930___ 436,305 208,039 254,882 128, 563 126,758 22 87 125, 855
Dec. 31,1937___ 461,371 291,812 267,252 128,043 120,829 1,080 16 125,263
Deo. 31, 1938___ 472,747 319,624 304, 851 115, 334 114,173 641 16 113,248
Deo, 30, 1939___ 520,6G0 366, 748 349,330 116,430 113,316 031 112, 204
Dec. 31,1936___ 308,844 177,255 170, 560 101,056 102,061 12 87 100,637
Dec. 31, 1937___ 328,614 196,217 182,068 99,719 100,736 43 16 90, 731
Deo. 31, 1938___ 349,923 225.089 210,680 93,446 95,073 24 16 94, 258
Deo. 30,1939— 379,512 257,819 242,560 92,125 90,695 150 90,045
San Francisco;
Dec. 31,1930___ 912,206 643,190 627,922 224,547 216,457 21 218, 214.396
Dec. 31,1037___ 985,849 715,199 983,023 230,520 223,680 158 38 221, 962
Dec. 31, 1938___ 1,063, 337 807,167 777, 555 208,190 204,181 97 39 202, 697
Deo. 30, 1039.... 1,091, 364 840,248 809,626 211,885 205,435 396 204, id!
i Includes, in addition to total bills and securities, amounts due from foreign banks and Reserve bank float.
* Includes municipal warrants, industrial advances, eto., not listed separately.
Source; Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Annual Report and Federal Reserve Bulletin.
Figures published currently in Federal Reserve Bulletin. . ,

2 4 4 BANKING AND FINANCE
N o. 2 4 6 .— F e b b b a l R e s k b v e B a n k s — P b in c ip a l L ia b i l i t i e s : 1915 to 1939
[All figures, except reserve percentages, in thousands of dollars]
BANE AND DATE
Oapital
Surplus1
DEPOSIT LIABILITY
Total
Members'
reserve
Federal
Reserve
note circulation
Federal
bank
notes 3
Reserve
percentage
All F. B. banks:
Deo. 31,1015—
Deo. 31,1920-
Deo. 31,1925..
Deo. 31, 1930-
Deo. 31,1035..
June 30,1030..
Dec. 31,1936..
June 30, 1937..
Deo. 31, 1937..
June 30,1038..
Dec. 31, 1038-
June 30, 1939-
Dec. 30,1930..
Boston:
Deo. 3], 1030-
Dee. 31,1937-
Dec. 31,1938-
Dee. 30,1939..
New York:
Deo. 31, 1036-
Dec. 31, 1037-
Doc. 31, 1938-
Dec. 30, 1939-
Phfladelphia:
Dec. 31, 1036-
Dec. 31, 1037-
Deo. 31, 1038-
Deo. 30,1039..
Cleveland:
Deo. 31,1930-
Dee. 31,1937-
Dec. 31,1938-
Dec. 30,1039..
Richmond:
Deo. 31, 1936..
Deo. 31,1037-
Doc. 31,1938-
Dec. 30, 1939-
Atlante:
Dec. 31, 1936-
Dec. 31, 1937-
Dee. 31, 1038-
Deo. 30,1039-
Chicago:
Dec. 31, 1930-
Deo. 31,1937-
Deo. 31,1038-
Dec. 30, 2039—
St. Louis:
Deo. 31, 1936-
Dec. 31, 1937-
Dec. 31, 1938-
Dec. 30,1939-
Minneapolis;
Deo. 31,1930-
Doc. 31,1937-
Doc. 31, 1938-
Dec. 30, 1939..
Kansas City:
Deo. 31, 1030-
Dec. 31,1937-
Dec. 31,1938-
Doo. 30,1039-
Dallas:
Dec. 31, 1030-
Dec. 31,1937-
Dec. 31,1933-
Dec. 30, 1939..
Sau Francisco:
Dec. 31, 1936-
Dec. 31, 1937-
Dec. 31,1038 .
Deo. 30, 1930-
54,914 * 401,326 I 401,175 188,817
99,821 202,036 1,861,498 1,780,679 3,336,281 216,841
117,237 220,310 2,257,388 2,212,098 1,838,164
109,640 274, 636 % 517,133 2,470,583 1.663,538
130,612 109,736 6,385,809 5,587,208 3,709,074
130,917 172,014 6,584,729 5,632,735 4,034,482
130,83G 173,044 7,108,919 8,606,430 4,283,537
132,302 173,344 7,278.172 6,900,288 4,206,477
132, 744 176.422 7,576,692 7,026,809 4,283,011
133,573 176,422 9, 246,688 8,023, 527 4,148, 537
134,575 170.410 10, 087,998 8,724,050 4,451,824
135,039 176,416 11, 701,174 10,018,493 4,511,216
135,599 178,559 12,940,781 11,653,232 4,958,546
9,385 12.700 373,372 353,497 361,758
9,388 12,774 426,106 402,354 285,413
9,411 12,957 492,229 392,294 384,130
9,334 13,279 658,262 544,545 408,195
50,590 59,218 3,183,084 2,042,652 921,697
51,068 59,687 3,381,083 3,071,762 664,902
51,043 59,920 4,932,483 4.460,340 1,029.296
60,972 60,435 6, 760, 862 6,319,837 1,269,922
12,211 17, 687 398,896 381,210 312,078
12,258 17,877 385,409 365,046 318,035
12, 213 18,112 458,830 374,231 320,582
12,115 18,591 719,877 598,597 ' 348,938
12,604 16,330 600,110 451.331 418,454
13,036 15,330 601,702 470,054 433,328
13, 546 15.330 619,753 477,880 427,467
13,830 15,330 839,402 680,194 463,123
4,719 8,291 232,428 215,791 208,787
4,800 8,373 242,513 220,566 209,905
8,005 8,276 290,692 231,576 208, 287
6,171 8,493 328,574 282,998 229,650
4,272 6,370 171,148 158,750 189,101
4,401 6,350 195,881 181,212 162,016
4,495 6,343 240,967 188,709 151, 398
4,621 6,438 255, 318 211,821 162,941
12,324 22,920 984,855 936,169 963,398
12,020 23,816 1,062,028 1,011,438 993,362
13,488 24,095 1,502,037 1,299,880 996,721
13,404 24,253 1,654,213 1,528,702 1,085,378
3,782 5,200 200,896 182.277 183,580
3,808 5,212 224,785 204,984 182,088
3,946 5,230 255,974 209,543 183,131
4,073 5,247 321, 949 270,676 193,549
2,943 4,119 133,823 120,530 136,096
2,893 4,154 137, 568 126, Oil 137,570
2,903 4,154 165,228 113,568 136,857
2,931 4,163 194,691 154,788 141,427
3,062 4,755 229,976 218.402 162,081
4,001 4,755 248,312 233,775 167,924
4,212 4,755 25B, 942 227,796 171,390
4,314 4,755 206,539 260,687 183,908
3,825 6,113 179,067 168,143 91,863
3,891 5,102 202,282 190,570 86,374
3,961 5,168 230,366 ‘ 183,468 81,' 375
4,066 5,240 269,395 210,794 83,576
10,150 11,341 520,664 478,088 334,644
10, 046 11,926 588, 963 649,037 342,694
10,352 12,086 939, 497 564.765 361,210
10,623 12,345 651, 699 583,593 388,040
’ J.U U JU U U S S U I IJ]
* Netliability. 3 Notdeposits. ---—r—...... *. j_,WB Due to member u ic u u JB i banks—net.
ijQ ua.a— u e u .
94.1
43.3
69.0
73.7
77.6
7 9.0
80.1
79.7
79.9
82.4
83.7
86.6
86.7
78.3
70.8
70.6
83.9
85.4
84.7
87.6
90.9
73.3
71.4
74.0
81.7
74.7
74.9
77.2
80.6
72.5
70.9
70.1
76.5
74.0
09.7
74.3
76.1
87.0
87.8
90.1
91.1
71.1
73.6
76.8
83.9
68.2
71.2
82.7
79.7
88.4
70.1
74.1
76.3
65.4
68.0
72.2
75.2
76.8
70.8
80.7
80.8
B " * ? Bul;

FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS 2 4 5
No. 247.— F e d e r a l R e s e r v e B a n k s — H o l d i n g s o f U n i t e d S t a t e s S e c u r i ­
t i e s , a s o f D e c . 31: 1928 t o 1939
[All figures in millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
BANK AND YEAR Total Bonds Notes
Certificates
and
bills
BANK AND YEAR Total Bonds Notes
Certificates
and
bills
All F. R. banks:
Richmond:
1028............... 228.1 53.9 106.0 68.2 1CWR i2n. a 39. 5 54.3 26.0
1020.-........... 510. 0 76.8 215.6 218.2 1030.............. 128.9 70.1 68.8
1930............... 729.5 163.8 226.5 339.2 Atlanta:
1031.............. 817.0 300.4 33.0 423.0 1938 104. 5 84.3 47.2 23.1
1032.............. 1,855.1 421.9 299.7 1,133.0 1939............... 100.4 54.0 45.8
1933............... 2,437. 5 443.3 1,053.3 ' 940.9 Chicago:
1034.............. 2,430. 3 395.7 1,607.1 527. 5 1938............... 276.4 90.6 124.7 61.0
1035............... 2,430. 7 216.2 l’, 641.6 573.0 1939............... 273.1 148.5 124.6
1080.............. 2,430. 2 400.6 1,341.0 508.0 St. Louis:
1037............... 2,564. 0 751. 6 1,155.0 057.5 1938 ... 100.8 35.0 48.2 23.6
1038............... 2,564. 0 840.9 l i m e 560.2 1939.................- 8 4.2 45.8 38.4
1930................... 2,484. 3 1,351.0 1,133.2
Boston: 19381 - .............. 56.8 18.0 25.6 12.5
1938................... 193.0 03.3 87.1 42.6 1030.................. 67.4 30.7 30.8
1 0 3 0 ,... 180.4 98.1 82.3
Now York: 1 0 3 8 .- .: .......... 113.2 37.1 61.1 25.0
1938................... 8 1 5 .4 267.4 367.9 180.1 1939................... 112.2 6 1.0 51.2
1939................... 771. 5 419.0 351.9
Philadelphia: 1038................... 94.3 30.9 42.5 20.8
1038................... 222.8 73.1 100.5 49.2 1939................... 90.0 40.0 41.1
1930................... 212.7 115.7 97.0 San Francisco:
Cleveland: 1938................... 202.7 66.5 91.5 44.8
1938................... 257.8 84.0 116.3 56.9 1939................... 204.1 111.0 93.1
1930.......... 259.2 141.0 118.2
N o . 2 4 8 .—-Fe d e r a l R e s e r v e B a n k s— H o l d in g s o f D is c o u n t e d B il l s , b y
C l a ss a n d b y M a t u r it y : 1928 to 1939
[All figures In thousands of dollars]
1028
1020
lOBO
1031
1032
1033
1034
1036
1030
1037
1038
DIO. 81—
Total (all
classes)
1,060,400
632,421
261,308
638,293
234,932
07,500
7,002
4,672
2,913
0,860
3,071
8,705
REDISCOUNTED BILLS
Soourod
by U. S.
Govt,
obligations
direct or
fully guaranteed
074
756
447
3,601
1,000
338
5
Otherwise
secured
and unsecured
216,077
173,286
00,062
214,005
01,301
10,887
057
781
310
1,820
015
5,800
MEMBER BANK COLLATERAL NOTES
Secured
by U. 8.
Govt,
obligations
direct or
fully guaranteed
058,242
352,773
88,090
317, 535
00,000
20,891
3,470
1,538
2,186
6,476
2,090
540
Secured
by other
eligible
collateral
180,573
105,607
Secured
by bills
and securities
not
eligible
for discount
or
purchase1
Discounts
for individuals,
partnerships,
and
corporations
102,262
67,956 13,974 701
31,246 18,824 404
1,214 1,647 74
803 1,594 6
37 374 1
676 883
437 520
224 68 25
DATS Total Within
15 days
MATURITY OF DISCOUNTED BILLS
10 to 30
days
31 to 60
days
61 to 90
days
After
90 days
Average
for year3
Deo. 20, 1028....................... 1,167,679 1,012,581 38,740 69,500 38,616 ' 18,124 0.78
Dec. 31, 1929....................... 832,421 508,072 36,331 48,742 25,932 13,344 8.00
Deo. 31, 1980....................... 251,398 175,601 17, 659 26,906 19,459 11,813 10.27
Deo. 30, 1931..—................ 1,023,883 851,308 39,895 61.106 61,407' 20,167 11.03
Deo. 2 8, 1982....................... 267, 382 187,581 20,288 29,013 19.603 10,997 11.49
Deo. 27,1983....................... 110,552 82,787 5,013 8,890 11,748 1,214 9.84
Dee. 26,1034...................... 9,281 7,281 404 884 038 74 13.14
Deo. 31, 1036...................... 4.672 2,116 185 170 1,628 568 7.49
Dec. 30, 1936...................... 6,377 4,737 171 161 302 6 13.32
Dec. 29,1937....................... 12,847 10,097 395 582 414 769 12.01
Doc. 28,1938...... -.............. 6,980 5,845 321 202 175 437 15.79
Dec. 27, 1939....................... 8,051 1,807 230 1,698 3,787 629 20.91
1Section 10 (b) ot the Federal Reserve Act.
1Represents average maturity (in days) of all time bills discounted during year.
Source of tables 247 and 248: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Annual Report and
Federal Reserve Bulletin. Figures published currently in Federal Reserve Bulletin.

i
i
246 BANKING AND FINANCE
No. 249.—I ndustrial Advances and Commitments Under Section 13b of
t h e F ederal Reserve Act, J une 19, 1934, to December 27, 1939
[Amounts in thousands of dollars]
YEAR
APPLICATIONS
DECEIVED TO
DATE,NET
Number
I
APPLICATIONS
RECOif-
APPROVAL BY
INDUSTRIAL
ADVISORY
COMMITTEES
TO DATE
1 Number
1
1
I
APPLICATIONS APPROVED TO DATE BY FEDERAL RESERVE
BANKS (WITH AND WITHOUT CONDITIONS)
Number 1
Total
Amount |
M L
03 fl
{4
§ °
r t |
■a
to
1 Federal Reserve bank
commitments outstanding
o a
+»
'O «
(B-u
(> 0)
O g
A O
*4
O f t
03
T3
CDJO
f t g £
K & ©
° 5 .
s i l l
8 -g
'■§§
s n
w ©
•S ■*§ m
g ’.S'E?
Total to:
Dec. 26,1034........... 5,053 187,696 1,122 54,531 084 49,634 13,589 8,225 20,966 5,558 1, 296
Dec. 31,1935........... 7,615 306, 70S 2,170 132,4.65 1,993 124,49? 32,493 27, m 11,548 44,025 8,778
Dec. 30,1936........... 8 ,37C 342,695 2 ,50C 1.49,20: 2 ,28C 139,821 25,52f 2 0 ,95S 8,226 77, QIC 7,208
Deo. 20,1937........... 8,677 363,292 2, 64C 15S, 743 2 , 40C 150,987 20,216 12,7S( 3,369 107,384 7,238
Dec. 28,1938........... 9.33E 398,898 2 ,04( 181,956 2,65? 175, oi; 17,345 14,161 1,946 128,839 12,722
Dec. 27,1939........ 9,567 414,414 3,065 194, 370 2,781 188,222 13,683 9, 220 2,659 151,679 10,981
>Includes Industrial advances past due 3 months or more which are not included in i ndustrial advances
in the weekly statement of condition of tho Federal Reserve banks.
>Includes applications approved conditionally by tbe Foderal Reserve banks and under consideration by
tipim ouue.
J Does not include financing institution guaranties of advances and commitments made by Federal
Reserve banks, which were outstanding in the amount of $1,381,187 on Dee. 27, 1939.
Source: Board oi Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Figures published currently in Federal
Reserve Bulletin.
No. 250.—F ederal R eserve B anks—D iscount R ates 1 in E ffect J an. 1,
________________ 1933, and Changes to J une 28, 1940___________________
111
MONTH ESTAB­
LISHED
New
York
St.
Louis
Boston
Philadelphia
Cleveland
Richmond
Atlanta
Chicago
Minneapolis
Kansas
City
Dallas
San-
Francisco
Rediscounts tor and advances to member banks under secs. 13 and 13 (a) of the Federal
Reserve Act (except last paragraph of sec. 13)
In effect Jan. 1,
1933............... SH 2K 3 H 3 A OA m 3H 3H 3 A 3 A 3 %
1933—Mar-.— .
a
3 lA
3
m 3
3 3 3 3 3
2 m 04
2K
2 K
1934—Feb......... 2 m 2 3 3 2H 3 3 2
Mar........ 3
2 A
2 m 2 2 2 m m May....... 04 2 2 2 2
1937—Aug........ 1 m m m lA 1A
Sopt___ I K
i A m
m
04
1939—Sept....... 1 (?) 0 0 w 0
In effect June
28, IQ4G.......... 1 1 i A m lA >1M n A n H l A ! i A l OA 1/4
Advances to member bants under sec. 10 (b) of tho Federal Reserve Act (added by act of
Feb. 27,1932)
1933—Jan, s....... 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 5
July........ ■4 H 4K 4H
4H
434
Aug........ m Oct......... 4 4 4 4
4 4 A 4
Dec......... 04
1934—Mar____
July____ i'A 4
1935—Jan......... m 4
Aug........
2A
Sept....... 2A OA 04. 2)4
Oct.........
2H
2 2 2 H 2A 2A
Nov........
2 A
1937—Aug........ 2 2
Sept....... 2 2 2 2 2
In effect June
28,1940........ 2 2 2 2
For footnotes, see p. 247.

F E D E R A L R E S E R V E B A N K S 2 4 7
N o. 2 5 0 .— F ederal R eserve B anks— D iscount R ates in E ffect Jan. 1,
1933, and Changes to J une 28, 1940— Continued
m o n t h e s t a b ­
l i s h e d
New
York
St.
Louis
Boston
Philadelphia
Cleveland
Richmond
Atlanta
Chicago
Minneapolis
Kansas
City
Dallas
San
Francisco
1933—Mar........
Apr.........
Advances to individuals, partnerships, and corporations, seoured by direot obligations
of United States (last paragraph of sec. 13 of the Federal Reserve Aot, added by act
of Mar. 9, 1933)
0 4 0 4 O i m 4M iA 4A 0 4
4H iA 0 4
m
4 4 4 4 4 4
1A84—Feb......... 4 4
4 I
1986—Feb......... 4
May........
3H
1988—Apr......... 214 2A O i 0 4
3
1939:
To banks—
Sept.........
To others—
In effect June 28,
1040:
To banks..
To others..
l
1 l H
1
2 H
l
3jt!
2 A
1H
2}4
'1 U
3 U
iA 1 1 i O i i 1 0 4
1A
4
1 1
4
i
4
i n 3
l
2H
1
m
i For rates for 1914 to 1921, see Statistical Abstract 1928, table 249; for 1922 to 1932, Statistical Abstract
1933, table 232. For ratos on industrial advances authorized by sec. 13b of the Federal Reserve Act, which
are not shown in this table, see source.
11 percent on rediscounts and advances seoured by direot and eligible guaranteed obligations of the
United States.
a Prior to Jan. 1, 1933, the rate of 5A percent was specified for each advance under sec. 10 (b).
*Rate of 214 percent to other lenders (than banks).
Source: Board of Governors of tho Federal Reserve System, Annual Report and Federal Reserve Bulletin.
Figures published currently in Federal Reserve Bulletin.
N o. 2 5 1 .— F e d e r a l R eserv e B anks—A verage A n n u al R a te o f E arnings
on B ills and S ecu rities; 1924 to 1939
BANE AND TEAR
All
classesi
AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE
(PERCENT) ON—
Discounted
bills
Purchased
bills
BANE AND TEAR
All
classes'
AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE
(PERCENT) ON—
U. S.
securities
Discounted
bills
Purchased
bills
U, S.
securities
1024........................ 3.83 4.28 3.31 3.67
1926........................ 3.61 3.68 3.17 3.66
1926........................ 3.70 3.97 3.66 3.60
1927........................ 3.60 3.83 3.49 3.41
1928— .................. 4.24 4.66 3.97 3.64
1029........................ 4.86 5.03 6.00 3.93
1930........................ 3.25 3.93 2.86 3,06
1931........................ 2.20 3.01 2.04 1.86
1932....................... 2.33 3.43 3.93 1,84
1933..--------------- 1.98 3.23 1.49 1.83
1034................ ...... 1.91 3.41 .67 1.00
1936. ................... 1.68 2.14 .73 1.04
1936....... ................ 1.49 1.76 .81 1.46
1937— ________ 1.69 1.64 .71 1.66
1938........................ 1.37 1.42 .48 1.34
1939........................ 1.44 1.20 .45 1.43
1 Covers, besides classes specified, earnings on industrial advances and small amounts of municipal
warrants, Federal intermediate credit bank debentures, and Federal land bank bonds.
Source; Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Annual Report.

2 4 8 BANKING AND FINANCE
N o ,
F e d e r a l R e s e r v e B a n k s — V o l u m e o p O p e r a t io n s i n P r in c ip a l
D e p a r t m e n t s : 1935 t o 1939
[All figures in millions and tenths of millions of dollars)
BANK AND YEAR
All F. R. hanks:
1935 ........ 220.5 314 28. 5
1936 ......... 167.6 25.2 8.5
1937 ....... 533.1 25.3 4.9
1938 .................... 237.2 .................... 2.8 .................... 6.5
1939 .........
Boston.............
Now York.......
Philadelphia__
Cleveland........
Richmond___
Atlanta............
Chicago...........
St._ Louis..........
Minneapolis.--
Kansas C ity ...
Dallas..............
San Francisco...
i Revised.
Bills
discounted
87.0
Bills
chased
in open
m arket
for own
account
2.1
Industrial
advances
3.8
Currency
and coin
received
and
counted
10.113, 2
10,335.9
10,487.3
9,154.9
9,562.5
Checks
bandied
202.989.7
234.417.8
256,453.6
'231.820.2
255,938.0
COLLECTION ITEMS U.S.G ovt.
HANDLED obliga-
U.S.
Government
coupons
paid
751.9
798.9
865.5
854.3
890.6
AH
other
7, 948. 6
7, Q89. Q
6,159.8
5,321.4
5,442.6
issues,
redemptions,
and
exchanges
by fiscal
agent departm
ent
34,101. 7
27.419.9
20, 905. B
27,032.4
28.999.9
9.2 .1 .8 743.2 15,654.7 58.3 391.4 853.9
39,8 .8 .3 3,391.2 76,502.4 645.5 1,783.2 2Q, 101,7
10.3 .2 . 1.6 703.1 24,237.7 60.4 197.4 518.2
3.7 .2 .1 629.4 25,782.6 52.7 398.3 614.1
8.Q .1 .1 476.7 13,720.1 16.0 245.7
2.4
333.8
.1 .2 416.1 12.738.2 8.2 204.9 173.5
2.6 .3 .2 1,376. 3 34,116.6 76.2 841.2
2. G
4,212.4
364.3 13,959.1 17.8 360.7 665.5
1.2
.3 183.3 5,501.3 12.8 351.7 324.6
5. 5 .1
284.4 11,427.1 17.4 316.8
2, 4
390.2
,1 196.4 8,564.3 7.2 221.3
3.1 .1
312.1
,2 798.1 13,733.9 28.2 221.0 599.9
Transfers
of
funds
80,483.1
87, QOl. G
94, 696.8
82,219.7
3.437.0
29,077.8
3.197.1
3.227.2
6,372.9
2,445. 9
18,329.0
3.564.3
1.085.8
4,486.7
4.202.9
8,754.2
N o. 2 8 3 . F e d e r a l R e s e r v e B a n k s — O p e r a t i o n s o f B r a n c h e s : 1935 t o 1939
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
FEDERAL RESERVE
BRANCH AND YEAR
All branches:
1935...........
1036............. .
3937............. .
1938______
1039______
No.
No.
2. Buffalo...............
4. Cincinnati.........
Pittsburgh.........
No. 5. Baltimore..........
Charlotte...........
No. 6. Birmingham__
Jacksonville___
Nashville...........
No.
No.
New Orleans__
7. D etroit..............
8. Little Rock.......
Louisiville........ .
Hemphis.......... .
9. Helena....... .......
No.
No. 10, Denver..... .........
Oklahoma Oifcy..
Omaha...............
No. 11. El Paso______
Houston.............
San Antonio___
No. 12, Los Angeles___
Portland______
Salt Lake City.,
Seattle.............. .
Bills discounted
and
boughti
Currency
and coin received
and
counted
18,286 2,362, 111
12,611 2,461,429
34,536 2,404,099
27,185 2,122,907
10,747 2,248,156
B77 145,119
118,087
293,182
1,286 184,832
60,844
44,443
93,704
40,493
500 89,116
777 329,439
160 32,481
756 59, 018
87 53,538
111 16,650
1, 095 57,285
43,399
3, 786 39, 764
161 15, 517
43,012
155 38, 468
863 287, 781
48, 207
503 30, 231
20 83,566
Checks
handled
49, 995, 681
58,324,415
03,721,272
55,733,763
63,187,905
2,538,014
4, 703,002
11,414,973
4,331,772
2,093,793
1,817,493
2,347,205
1,628,208
1,868,364
6,725,151
1,145,061
2,627, 843
1,311,670
534,127
2,263,324
2,041,560
1,885,859
472,029
2,042, 695
1,237,981
3,711,532
3,553, 369
1,223,994
1,608,886
NONCASH COLLECTION
ITEMS HANDLED
Government
All other
coupons
91,653 1,485,723
88,921 1,582,596
95,281 1,366,779
a 88,054 1,203,748
S3,980 1,228,703
1,704 30,031
11,756 80,456
18,166 50,817
11,976 H3,405
376 21,312
369 21,869
761 29,316
523 36,066
2,581 06,767
5,911 164,873
332 59,045
3,880 50, 402
753 41,750
442 13,677
2,884 49,623
824 27,235
2,234 79, 912
205 9,938
1,661 60,908
805 52,819
10,238 68,342
1,936 30,790
1,1H 22, 921
2,560 21,799
Transfers
of funds
14,981, 665
15,398,765
18,282, 530
15,546,419
17,028,177
832,857
388, 521
817,248
903,767
1,493,563
129,805
225,983
122, 593
364,817
3,181,227
224, 998
441, 970
561,444
195,827
641,784
773
768,125
133,584
1,383,345
482,422
2,200,791
402,595
385,845
648,294
Fiscal
agencyissues,
redemptions,
and
exchanges
ofU.S.obligations
816,534
627,509
417,839
392,126
407,458
1, 502
30,547
122,523
158,978
552
358
1,197
32,930
8,466
801
2,644
2,887
5,218
2,325
3,671
19,592
2,556
739
9,072
1Not including industrial advances.
3 Revised.
records. cords^ ° f ta**les 252 anci 253: #oard of Governors of the Federal Reserve Sysh■em, Annual Report and official

FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS 2 4 9
N o. 254:.'— F e d e r a l R e s e r v e A g e n t s ’ G o ld-C e r t if ic a t e F u n d — S u m m a r y
o f T r a n s a c t io n s: 1922 to 1939
[ A l l f i g u r e s i n m i l l i o n s a n d t e n t h s o f m i l l i o n s o f d o l l a r s ]
FEDERAL RESERVE AGENT AT—
B a l a n c e
J a n . 1
W i t h ­
d r a w a l s i
D e p o s i t s 1
T r a n s f e r s
t o b a n k
T r a n s f e r s
f r o m b a n k
B a l a n o e
D e c . 3 1
All F. R. banks;
1922 ........................
1923 .........................
1924 .........................
1925 ____________
1926 ____________
1927 .........................
1028_______________
1929 .........................
1930 ........................
1931 .........................
1932 .........................
1933 ____________
1934 ...... ..................
1935 .........................
1930...............................
1937................................
1 9 3 8 -.............................
1939_______________
Boston.............
Now York.......
Philadelphia.
Cleveland........
Richmond.......
Atlanta............
Chicago............
St. Louis-.........
Minneapolis,
Kansas City__
Dallas________
San Francisco..
1 , 3 9 4 . 9 9 2 4 . 0 4 0 2 . 9 6 0 9 . 5 1 , 3 2 6 . 8 1 , 6 8 1 . 1
1 , 6 8 1 . 1 7 6 5 . 0 1 4 8 . 5 5 6 5 . 7 1 , 1 4 0 . 0 1 , 6 4 8 . 6
1 , 6 4 8 . 9 6 2 0 . 0 1 4 9 . 5 1 , 0 2 2 . 8 1 , 1 5 8 . 3 1 , 3 0 7 . 9
1 , 3 0 7 . 9 5 5 0 . 8 1 2 6 . 0 0 7 6 . 6 1 , 0 6 1 . 7 0 6 0 . 2
9 6 0 . 2 5 0 8 . 2 1 1 2 . 3 1 , 7 9 9 . 4 2 , 2 5 8 . 5 9 6 3 . 4
9 6 3 . 4 4 5 4 . 2 6 3 . 3 2 , 4 5 8 . 4 2 , 9 1 4 . 3 1 , 0 2 8 . 3
1 , 0 2 8 . 3 4 7 3 . 6 7 0 . 5 1, 6 3 1 . 4 1 , 7 6 8 . 1 7 6 1 . 0
7 6 1 . 9 3 6 8 . 5 1 4 9 . 9 1 , 5 0 0 . 6 2 , 2 1 0 . 2 1 , 2 6 2 . 9
1, 2 6 2 . 0 . 5 1 , 1 0 1 . 7 9 4 7 . 8 1 , 1 0 9 . 4
1 , 1 0 9 . 4 1 . 0 1 . 3 1, 6 7 8 . 5 1 , 8 1 9 . 5 1 , 2 5 0 . 7
1, 2 5 0 . 7 4 . 0 3 , 1 0 1 . 6 3 , 0 8 4 . 5 1 , 2 3 7 . 6
1 , 2 3 7 . 6 4 . 0 4 , 0 3 0 . 3 3 , 9 3 8 . 5 1 , 1 4 9 . 7
1 , 1 4 9 . 7 1 . 0 1 , 0 0 3 . 3 2 , 4 5 8 . 3 2 , 6 0 5 . 7
2 . 6 0 5 . 7 . 6 8 6 4 . 0 2 , 2 2 3 . 7 3 , 9 0 5 . 8
3 , 9 6 5 . 8 1 , 8 1 0 . 3 1 , 1 5 8 . 2 3 , 3 1 3 . 8
3 , 3 1 3 . 8 3 2 6 . 7 4 3 0 . 5 3 , 4 2 3 . 6
a ' 4 9 3 . 6 3 4 9 . 0 5 0 8 . 4 3 i 5 8 3 . 0
3! 5 8 3 . 0 2 1 5 . 5 6 9 8 . 5 4 . 0 6 6 . 0
4 2 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 4 4 0 . 0
6 6 5 . n 1 2 0 . 0 3 5 0 . 0 8 8 5 . 0
3 4 5 . 0 3 0 . 0 3 7 5 . 0
4 5 7 . 0 2 4 . 5 5 8 . 5 4 9 1 . 0
2 3 0 . 0 2 5 . 0 4 5 . 0 2 5 0 . 0
1 6 9 . 0 1 1 . 0 1 8 0 . 0
2 5 0 . 0 1 5 . 0 1 0 5 . 0 3 4 0 . 0
2 0 7 . 0 1 1 . 0 1 3 . 0 2 0 9 . 0
1 4 3 . 5 4 . 0 8 . 0 1 4 7 . 5
1 8 5 . 0 5 . 0 1 5 . 0 1 9 5 . 0
9 2 . 5 n . o 1 3 . 0 9 4 . 5
4 2 9 . 0 3 0 . 0 4 5 0 . 0
> W i t h d r a w a l s f r o m a n d d e p o s i t s i n t h e F e d e r a l r e s e r v e a g e n t s ' g o l d f u n d , o t h e r t h a n t r a n s f e r s t o o r
f r o m b a n k , p r a c t i c a l l y c e a s e d w i t h t h e d i s c o n t i n u a n c e o f t h e a g e n t s ' g o l d r e d e m p t i o n f u n d i n A u g u s t
1 9 2 0 .
S o u r c e : B o a r d o f G o v e r n o r s o f t h e F e d e r a l R e s e r v e S y s t e m , o f f i c i a l r e c o r d s .
N o. 2 5 5 . — F e d e r a l R e s e r v e I n t e r d is t r ic t Se t t l e m e n t F o n d — S u m m a r y
oe T r a n s a c t io n s : 1922 to 1939
[ A l l f i g u r e s i n m i l l i o n s a n d t e n t h s o f m i l l i o n s o f d o l l a r s ] i
D A IL Y S E T T L E M E N T S
B E T W E E N F E D E R A L
Y E A R
B a l a n c e
a t b e g i n ­
n i n g o f
p e r i o d
R E S E R V E B A N E S I n t e r ­
r e s e r v e
F e d e r a l b a n k
T r a n s i t r e s e r v e t r a n s f e r s
c l e a r i n g s n o t e
W i t h -
d r a w a l s
D e p o s i t s
B a l a n c e
a t e n d
o f p e r i o d
c l e a r i n g s
1 9 2 2 ............................................................................. 5 2 2 . 1 7 5 , 3 3 0 . 0 0 ) 1 , 1 5 4 . 0 1 , 7 9 3 . 0 1 , 8 2 5 . 3 5 5 4 . 4
i g 2 3 ................. ...................................................... 5 5 4 . 4 8 0 , 6 1 4 . 7 ( i ) 1 , 0 3 9 . 2 1 , 7 6 4 . 3 1 , 7 8 1 . 1 5 7 1 . 1
9 7 , 6 9 8 . 3
1 0 2 4 .............................................................................. 5 7 1 . 1 ( i ) 0 1 9 . 6 1 , 9 2 1 . 8 2 , 0 3 0 . 2
6 7 9 . 5
1 , 7 8 8 . 6
1 9 2 5 .............................................................................. 6 7 9 . 5 1 0 8 , 2 8 9 . 5 0 ) 9 0 9 . 0 1 , 7 7 9 . 0 6 8 0 . 2
1 9 2 6 .............................................................................. 6 8 9 . 2 1 1 5 , 4 5 5 . 3 6 3 5 . 8 1 , 0 4 3 . 4 3 , 0 2 9 . 2
6 6 5 . 3
3 . 0 0 5 . 3
3 , 7 9 7 . 3
1 0 2 7 ............................................................................ m . 3 1 2 3 , 0 3 1 . 5 6 7 3 . 2 2 , 4 3 6 . 7 3 , 6 6 0 . 3
5 2 8 . 2
1 9 2 8 .............................................................................. 5 2 8 . 2 1 3 2 , 5 2 5 . 2 6 5 8 . 4 1 , 1 7 2 . 6 3 , 0 1 4 . 4
6 8 7 . 0
2 , 8 5 5 . 6
1 9 2 9 .......................................................................... 6 8 7 . 0 1 4 5 , 1 3 2 . 4 7 5 8 . 7 1 , 0 5 2 . 1 3 , 1 6 0 . 3 5 1 1 . 2
2 , 9 8 4 . 6
1 5 1 , 4 5 8 . 8
1 , 5 3 0 . 2
1 9 3 0 .............................................................................. 5 1 1 . 2 6 6 9 . 4 2 , 0 0 3 . 8 1 , 9 7 0 . 0 4 1 7 . 4
1 9 3 1 .............................................................................. 4 1 7 . 4 1 2 4 , 1 3 7 . 3 5 4 0 . 1 1 , 0 0 5 . 0 2 , 7 2 9 . 0 2 , 6 2 5 . 7 3 1 4 . 1
1 9 3 2 ........................................ ..................................... 3 1 4 .1 8 9 , 5 2 7 . 6 5 4 5 . 4 1 , 6 4 8 . 4 4 , 1 5 6 . 6 4 , 1 8 2 . 8 3 4 0 . 3
1 9 3 3 ........................................................................... 3 4 0 . 3 7 5 , 7 2 5 . 4 6 1 4 . 4 2 , 5 7 5 . 0 4, 5 4 8 . 6 4 , 8 2 0 . 5 6 1 8 . 2
1 9 3 4 ........................................................................... 6 1 8 . 2 8 0 , 8 1 0 . 0 6 0 2 . 0 2 , 0 8 4 . 0 2 , 0 1 6 . 4 3 , 1 1 0 . 5 1 , 7 1 8 . 3
1 9 3 5 .................................................................... 7 1 8 . 3 9 1 , 0 2 6 . 6 6 4 4 . 0 1 , 4 7 2 . 0 2 , 2 7 7 . 5 4 , 1 3 1 . 2 3 , 5 7 2 . 0
1 ,
4 , 0 2 8 . 7
1 9 3 6 .............................................................................. 3 , 5 7 2 . 0 1 0 2 , 0 7 3 . 7 7 8 6 . 9 1 , 8 6 9 . 0 3 , 1 7 9 . 3 2 , 7 2 2 . 6
2 , 8 8 0 . 8
1 9 3 7 ............................................................................... 2 , 7 2 2 . 6 1 0 7 , 1 5 7 . 0 8 0 9 . 7 2 , 6 0 1 . 5 4 6 8 . 5 0 2 6 . 7
2 , 8 8 0 . 8 9 3 , 1 7 4 . 3
1 9 3 8 .............. ........................................................ 7 7 1 . 2 1 , 5 5 3 . 0 5 3 7 . 9 3 , 0 4 6 . 4 5 , 3 8 0 . 3
1 9 3 9 .............................................................................. 7 4 3 . 7 1 , 1 2 0 . 0 7 2 7 . 1 3 , O S S . 5 8 , 3 1 7 . 7
5, 3 8 9 . 3 1 0 2 , 0 0 1 . 5
i I n c l u d e d i n t r a n s i t c l e a r i n g s .
S o u r c e : B o a r d o f G o v e r n o r s o f t h e F e d e r a l R e s e r v e S y s t e m , o f f i c i a l r e c o r d s ,
2 6 7 7 0 6 ° — 4 1 ,------------1 8

2 5 0 BANKING AND FINANCE
No. 2 5 6 .—Federal Reserve I nterdistrict Settlement F und—Summary,
o f T ransactions, b y Districts: 1939
[All figures in millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
FEDERAL RESERVE
BANK
Balance
Inn. 1
d a il y s e t t l e m e n t s b e t w e e n
FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS
Transit clearings
Federal Reserve
note
clearings
INTERRESERVE
BANK TRANS­
FERS
Withdrawals
Deposits
Dec. 31
Total__.... 5, m . 3 102,061.6 102,061.5 743.7 743.7 1,120.0 1,120.0 727.1 3,655. 5 B, 317.7
240.3 6,884.7 7,175.0 63.4 50.6 80.0 22.0 1 0.0 4 2 6 .8
New York........... 2,480.9 31,064,6 30,789.7 155.1 169.4 26.0 570.6 356.0 1,051.0 4,340.4
Philadelphia........ 201.5 7,978.6 8,227.8 69.2 60.6 15.0 5.0 32.0 62.0 471.1
326.fi 8,074.7 8,612.4 87.9 61.3 255.0 60.6 24.5 536.9
Richmond.,____ 126.6 7,113.4 7,124.9 67.1 66.1 10.0 10.0 65.5 75.0 155.6
Atlanta.-______ 106.3 4,080.7 3,728.2 32.3 76.8 80.0 12.5 255.0 120.8
Chicago_______ 1,160.2 14,086.2 14,923.6 108.0 03.7 m o 66.0 107.5 76.0 1,315.7
St. Louis______ 109.8 6,217.7 6,070.3 38.0 63.9 5 .0 95.0 13.5 151.0 204.9
Minneapolis—__ 98.0 2,341.1 % 169.0 25.2 24.4 5.0 50.0 8.0 149.0 m . i
Kansas City____ 118.fi 5,228.9 4,991.8 42.8 20.9 65.0 15.5 235.0 153.4
Dallas___ _____ 118.0 4,368.1 4,226.2 27.6 21.6 15.0 55.0 13.5 141.0 147.7
San Francisco...... 331.0 4,652.fi 4 ,022.7 36.3 4 7 .4 126.0 30.6 527.0 334.3
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, official records.
No. 2 5 7 .—F ederal R eserve Banks—Profit a n d Loss Statement:
1920 TO 1939
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
BANK ANP YEAR
All Federal Reserve hanks:
1026......................
1 0 2 7..... ...................... .
1928.____ ____ _
1 9 2 3 .........................
1930 ___________
1931 ___
1932 ___
1933 ___________
1 9 3 4 ____
1 9 3 6 ______________
1636----------------
1937 ___
1 0 3 8 ______________
1 9 3 9 _______ ______
Boston.........
New York__
Philadelphia—
Cleveland__
Richmond__
Atlanta.........
Chicago........
St. Louis......
Minnoapolis-
Kansas Clty„
Dallas..........
San Francisco.
Gross Net
earnings earnings
47,600
43,024
64,063
70,956
36,424
29,701
60,019
49,487
48,903
42,762
37,001
41,233
36,201
38,501
2,800
11,211
3,204
3,84B
2,046
1,647
4,255
1,010
1,135
1,095
1,466
3,217
10,612
13,048
30,403
7,988
2,972
22,314
7,957
18,231
9,437
8,812
10,801
9,882
12,243
1,035
4,831
1,208
897
523
382
983
457
174
811
352
803
7,320
7,764
8,458
0,684
10,209
10,030
0,282
8,874
8,782
8,505
7,941
8,010
8,110
504
3,055
725
823
272
820
239
175
256
241
634
Balancein
fund at
close of
business
Payments
Receipts Payments
Receipts
Payments
Receipts
Dividend
payments
Franchise
tax
to government1
818
250
2,685
4,283 17
2,011
Raid
U. S.
Treasury
(see,
13-b)
Carried
to surplus
8,404
5,044
21,070
22,530
11, m
117,008
> 11,021
1 U17
0e 450
298 634
227 466
177 2,683
120 1,443
25 4,108
0) ) 471
1,776
480 74
217
15 05
5 158
218
>1
4 251
1 110
259
Capital
and
surplus,
Doe. 31
363,689
366,800
401,334
447.900
444,276
419,089
429,891
422,376
299,687
300,248
303,880
308,166
310.901
314,168
22.663
111, 407
30,706
20,160
13.664
11,060
87,747
9,320
7,084
0,009
0,300
22,973
1The Banking Aot of 1033 eliminated the provision In the Federal Reserve Act for the payment of a
franchise tax.
>Deducted from surplus account.
* Exclusive of a reserve of $8,158,000 for depreciation on U. S. bondB oharged to surplus and returned dlreot
to surplus at the end of 1031 and 1032, respectively.
1Less tban $600.
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Annual Report,

FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM 2 5 1
No. 2 5 8 .— F e d e r a l R e se r v e System , A ll M em ber B anks— N um ber, C a p ita l
A cco u n ts, and T o ta l D ep osits: 1915 t o 1939
Note.—All national banks In continental United States are members of the System i*8
DATE
NUMBER OF BANES
CAPITAL ACCOUNTS 1
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
All
member
banks
National
banks
State
member
banks
All
member
banks
National
banks
State
member
banks
TOTAL DEPOSITS (MIL­
LIONS OF DOLLARS)
All
membetional
mem­
Na­
State
banks banks ber
banks
Deo 31, 1916.................... 7,031 7,600 31 2,126 2,087 39 10, 030 10,398 238
Deo. 29, 1920......................... 9,600 8,126 1,481 4,120 2,855 1,266 24,220 16,275 7,944
Deo. 31, 1025......................... 9,489 8,048 1,441 4,678 8,020 1,658 34.250 21,077 IS, 173
Deo. 81, 1927.................... 9,034 7,769 1,276 6,341 3,372 1,970 36, 067 22,856 13,SOI
Deo 81, 1928......................... 8.837 7,029 1,208 5,899 3,682 2,218 39,067 24,335 14.732
Deo 31 1929.................... 8,622 7,403 1,119 6,709 3,836 2,873 37,981 22,738 16,243
Deo 31 1930............ ........... 8,052 7,033 1,019 0,693 3,889 2, 704 37, 029 22,830 14,193
Deo 31 1931......................... 7,246 0,308 878 5,999 3,619 2,480 30, 711 19. 210 11, 501
Deo 31 1932........................ 6,816 0, on 805 5,409 3,238 2,171 28, 090 18,486 10,204
Deo. 33 1933 3..................... - G, 011 5,154 857 4,902 2 ,8 9 7 2, OGfl 27.167 17,655 9,012
Deo. 31, 1934......................... 6,442 6,462 980 5,054 3,024 2,030 33,848 21,637 12,211
Deo. 31, 1936.................... .... 6,387 6,380 1,001 5,146 3,090 2,046 38,464 24,802 13,062
Deo. 31, 1930........................ 6,370 5,325 1,051 5,275 3,165 2,111 42,885 27,556 15,329
Deo. 31, 1937......................... 0,341 6,260 1,081 5,371 3,238 2,134 40,839 26,487 14,352
Doo. 31, 1938............... ......... 6,338 6,224 1,114 5.424 3,321 2,103 43,363 27,990 15,367
Deo. 33, 1939........—......... — 6.362 6,187 1,175 6,522 3,397 2,124 49,340 31,559 17,781
i Comprises aggregate book value of capital stock, capital notes and debentures, surplus, undivided
profits, reserves for contingencies, and other capital reserves.
* Beginning with 1033, figures rolate to licensed banks only.
No. 259.-—F e d e r a l R e se r v e System , A ll M em ber B anks— L oans and
In v e stm e n ts, by C lass, on D ecem ber 31: 1930 t o 1939
[ I n m i l l i o n s o f d o l l a r s ]
1930 1936 1938 1939
Contral
Reserve
city
banks
Other
Reserve
city
banks
1939
Country
banks
National
banks
State
banks
Loans, total1____________ 23,870 12,176 13, 208 13,962 3,866 5,329 4,768 9,022 4,640
Commercial and industrial loans3. 4,732 5,386 2,134 2,101 1,151 3,484 1,001
Agricultural loans3_____ ____ ’717 '730 14 221 495 620 109
Commercial paper bought in
open market............................ 866 272 248 291 21 111 158 193 98
Bills, acceptances, etc., payable
in foreign countries.................. 65 29 10 9 2 6 1 7 2
Aooeptances of other banks,
payable In United States........ 815 181 88 63 54 8 2 30 32
Reporting banks’ own acceptances3. 160 95
Loans to brokers and 'dealers 92 60 30 2 54 37
in securities»........................... 2,178 1,248 078 700 652 119 20 314 476
Other loans for purchasing or
carrying securities 1.................. 7,200 2, 893 775 700 256 222 224 415 285
Beni estate loans:
On farm land....................... 387 251 278 289 1 94 104 232 57
On residential property....... fl, 720 1,884 07 862 955 1, 208 676
On other properties_______ 1 717 784 78 379 328 462 323
Loans to banks__________ «... 631 98 125 56 44 9 4 27 30
All other loans ‘_______ _____ 9,820 5, 000 2, 721 2,877 470 1,165 1, 233 1,970 906
Overdrafts________________ 11 7 8 11 7 3 2 5 6
Investments, total1________ 10,989 17,810 18,863 19, 879 7, 579 6,944 5, 456 12,788 7,190
U.S. Government direct obligations. 4,125 10, 501 10,882 11,184 4,528 4,222 2,434 7,102 4,082
Obligations guaranteed by U. S,
1, 768 2,840 3,144 1,447 972 725 1, 956 1,188
Obligations of Government oorpotations
and agencies not
guaranteed byU. S________
Obligations of States and political
273 331 377 164 129 94 258 119
subdivisions______________ 1,692 2,177 2,448 2,692 741 890 1.061 1,782 910
Other bonds,notes,and debentures*. 4,418 2,681 2,402 2,143 521 575 1,046 1,470 672
Corporate stocks8_______ ___ 754 509 460 439 188 165 06 221 219
i Figures for loans and investments beginning Dec. 31,1938. are not entirely comparable with prior call
dates becauso investments and other assets (principally loans) indirectly representing bank premises and
other real estate are no longer included In loans and investments but are now reported separately. Such
investments and other assets amounted to $94,569,000 and $49,939,000, respectively, on Dec. 31,1938.
i Not reported separately where no figures are shown.
1Figures prior to Dec. 31,1938rcpresent allloanson securities,exceptloansto banksand tobrokoisand dealers.
* This is a residual item and, because of revised loan classification beginning Dec. 31, 1938, the residual
amounts are not comparable.
8 Corporate stocks of foreign corporations were reported in combination with bonds, notes, and debentures
prior to Deo 31,1938.
Souroe of tables 258 and 259: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Annual Report, and
Federal Reserve Bulletin. Figures published currently in Federal Reserve Bulletin.

1 9 3 9 ( D e c . 3 0 ) . . . . 1 2 , 2 7 2 5 , 3 2 9 6 , 9 4 4 4 , 2 2 2 2 , 7 2 2 3 , 1 1 8 3 4 8 2 , 4 8 5 1 7 , 7 4 1 3 , 6 3 3 5 3 4 3 5 • 1 4 9 , 0 0 4 4 , 6 0 2 8 , 1 7 6 9 , 7 5 6 1 1 , 8 2 8 1 3 4 6
No. 2 6 0 .—F e d e r a l R e s e r v e S y s te m , A l l M e m b e r B a n k s — A s s e t s a n d L i a b i l i t i e s a s o f D e c . 31: 1920 t o 1939
fAH figures, except number of banks, in millions of dollars]
to rrv
LOANS AND INVESTMENTS
DEPOSITS
CALL DATE (DEC. 31,
EX CEPT AS IN D I­
CATED)
T o t a l
L o a n s
I n v e s t m e n t s
u . s .
G o v t . O t h e r
T o t a l d i r e c t s e c u ­
o b l i g a ­ r i t i e s
t i o n s
R e ­
s e r v e
w i t h
F e d -
e r a l
R e ­
s e r v e
b a n k s
B a l ­
a n c e s
C a s h w i t h
i n d o ­
v a u l t m e s ­
t i c
b a n k s 1
T o t a l
I n t e r b a n k
D o ­
F o r ­
m e s ­
e i g n
t i c
b a n k s
b a n k s
U . S .
G o v t .
P o s t a l
s a v ­
i n g s
A l l o t h e r
D e ­
T i m e
m a n d
N e t d e ­ B i l l s
D e ­
m a n d p a y ­ C a p ­
m a n d
N u m ­
d e p o s ­ a b l e i t a l
d e p o s ­
b e r o f
i t s s u b ­ a n d a c ­
i t s a d ­
b a n k s
j e c t t o r e d i s ­ c o u n t 3
j u s t e d 2
r e s e r v e c o u n t s
A l l m e m b e r b a n k s :
1 9 2 0 ( D e c . 2 9 ) _____ 2 5 , 5 3 1 1 9 , 5 5 5 5 , 9 7 6 2 , 6 1 9 3 , 3 5 7 1 , 7 6 3 6 7 8 1 , 5 7 7 2 4 , 2 2 0 3 , ( 6 2 3 1 6 0 1 4 , 6 5 3 * 6 , 1 8 8 1 3 , 0 5 3 1 5 , 3 4 5 3 , 0 3 6 4 , 1 2 0 9 , 6 0 6
1 9 2 5 ______ __________ 3 0 , 8 8 4 2 1 , 9 9 6 8 , 8 8 8 3 , 7 2 8 5 , 1 6 0 2 , 2 3 S 5 7 5 2 , 1 5 5 3 4 , 2 5 0 4 , 1 6 9 3 0 4 9 6 1 9 , 1 2 4 1 0 , 5 5 7 1 5 , 9 4 3 1 9 , 2 6 0 7 3 3 4 , 6 7 8 9 , 4 8 9
1 9 2 9 ............. .................... 3 5 , 9 3 4 2 6 , 1 5 0 9 , 7 8 4 3 , 8 6 3 5 , 9 2 1 2 , 3 7 4 5 5 8 % 1 6 8 3 7 , 9 8 1 3 , 6 1 2 6 9 8 1 4 3 1 2 2 2 0 , 5 4 3 1 2 , 8 6 2 1 6 , 6 4 7 1 9 , 7 9 7 8 7 9 6 . 7 0 9 8 , 5 2 2
1 9 3 0 ........................................ 3 4 , 8 6 0 2 3 , 8 7 0 1 0 , 9 8 9 4 , 1 2 5 6 , 8 6 4 2 , 4 7 5 5 9 3 2 , 4 5 6 3 7 , 0 2 9 3 , 9 8 0 7 8 4 2 6 7 1 8 9 1 8 , 7 9 6 1 3 , 0 1 2 1 5 , 8 6 9 1 8 , 9 6 9 3 5 5 6 , 5 9 3 8 , 0 5 2
1 9 3 1 ____________________ 3 0 , 5 7 5 1 9 , 2 6 1 1 1 , 3 1 4 6 , 3 1 9 5 , 9 9 6 1 , 9 7 5 5 2 3 1 , 6 6 2 3 0 , 7 1 1 2 , 8 9 5 . 4 2 5 4 1 2 4 6 3 1 5 , 7 5 3 1 0 , 7 6 4 1 3 , 6 5 8 1 6 , 0 6 7 8 3 9 5 , 9 9 9 7 , 2 4 6
1 9 3 2 ....... ..................... ........... 2 7 , 4 6 9 1 5 , 2 0 4 1 2 , 2 6 5 6 , 5 4 0 5 , 7 2 6 2 , 5 1 1 4 2 3 2 , 4 1 6 2 8 , 6 9 0 3 , 6 9 5 2 4 5 4 7 5 7 0 8 1 3 , 8 1 3 9 , 7 5 3 1 2 , 6 9 1 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 4 7 5 , 4 0 9 6 , 8 1 6
1 9 3 3 ( D e c . 3 0 ) ‘ _____ 2 5 , 2 2 0 1 2 , 8 3 3 1 2 , 3 8 6 7 , 2 5 4 5 , 1 3 2 2 , 6 7 8 4 7 1 2 , 0 3 1 2 7 . 1 6 7 3 , 2 2 2 1 3 6 9 6 7 7 7 8 1 3 , 8 0 7 8 , 2 5 8 1 2 , 6 7 4 1 4 , 8 2 1 1 4 3 4 , 9 6 2 6 , O i l
1 9 3 4 ............................ ........... 2 8 , 1 5 0 1 2 , 0 2 8 1 6 , 1 2 2 9 , 9 0 6 6 , 2 1 6 4 , 0 8 2 6 0 9 3 , 1 4 9 3 3 , 8 4 8 4 , 7 0 3 1 5 4 1 . 6 3 6 4 5 2 1 7 , 5 8 9 9 , 3 1 5 1 5 , 6 8 6 1 8 , 8 5 1 1 3 5 , 0 5 4 6 , 4 4 2
1 9 3 5 __________________ 2 9 , 9 8 5 1 2 , 1 7 5 1 7 , 8 1 0 1 0 , 5 0 1 7 , 3 0 9 5 , 5 7 3 6 6 5 3 , 7 7 6 3 8 , 4 5 4 5 , 8 4 7 4 4 9 8 4 4 2 1 8 2 1 , 0 5 6 1 0 . 0 4 1 1 8 , 8 0 1 2 2 , 1 6 9 7 5 , 1 4 5 6 , 3 8 7
1 9 3 6 ........................................ 3 3 . 0 0 0 1 3 , 3 6 0 1 9 , 6 4 0 1 1 , 6 3 9 8 , 0 0 0 6 , 5 7 2 6 9 7 4 , 0 6 6 4 2 . 8 8 5 6 , 5 5 5 4 3 8 8 8 2 1 0 4 2 4 , 1 8 1 1 0 , 7 2 6 2 1 , 6 4 7 2 5 , 4 5 0 1 5 5 , 2 7 5 6 , 3 7 6
1 9 3 7 ________ ___________ 3 1 , 7 5 2 1 3 , 9 5 8 1 7 , 7 9 4 1 0 , 5 7 4 7 , 2 2 0 7 , 0 0 5 5 8 9 3 , 4 1 4 4 0 , 8 3 9 5 , 5 6 5 4 6 3 7 8 1 9 5 2 2 , 6 4 7 1 1 , 2 8 8 2 0 , 3 8 7 2 3 , 7 4 1 1 2 5 , 3 7 1 6 , 3 4 1
1 9 3 8 ____________________ 3 2 , 0 7 0 1 3 , 2 0 8 1 8 , 8 6 3 1 0 , 8 B 3 7 , 9 8 0 8 , 6 9 4 7 4 6 4 , 2 4 0 4 3 , 3 6 3 6 , 6 4 2 5 1 1 7 9 0 8 6 1 2 4 , 0 5 2 1 1 , 3 0 7 2 2 , 2 9 3 2 5 , 9 8 3 6 5 , 4 2 4 6 , 3 3 8
1 9 3 9 ( D e c . 3 0 ) _____ 3 3 , 9 4 1 1 3 , 9 6 2 1 9 , 9 7 9 1 1 , 1 8 4 8 , 7 9 4 1 1 , 6 0 4 8 4 1 5 , 5 0 6 4 9 , 3 4 0 8 , 6 5 2 7 5 9 7 4 3 8 5 1 2 7 , 4 S 9 1 1 , 6 4 7 2 5 , 6 8 1 3 0 , 3 2 6 3 5 , 5 2 2 3 6 2
1 9 3 4 .............................. 7 , 7 6 1 3 , 1 5 9 4 , 6 0 2 3 , 2 4 6 1 , 3 5 6 1 , 5 7 6 8 6 1 0 3 9 , 5 1 3 1 , 7 9 9
1 9 3 5 ....................... _ 8 , 4 1 8 3 , 4 3 4 4 , 9 8 4 3 , 4 2 5 1 , 5 6 0 2 , 5 4 1 6 5 1 1 1 1 0 j 9 0 8 2 , 3 3 8 3
1 9 3 6 _________ _____ 9 , 2 8 0 3 , 8 5 5 5 , 4 2 6 3 , 7 3 9 1 , 6 8 7 6 1 1 2
1 9 3 7 _ _ ............. ..................... 8 , 3 1 3 3 , 6 7 3 4 , 6 4 0 3 , 2 0 7 1 , 4 3 3 2 , 7 3 8 5 6 1 2 0 1 0 , 7 5 9 2 . 1 0 8 4 2 3 3 8 2
1 9 3 8 . _______________ 8 , 3 3 5 3 , 2 6 2 5 , 0 7 2 2 , 9 6 3 2 , 1 1 0 4 , 1 0 4 6 8 1 0 9 l l ' 7 0 6 2, 6 8 8 4 4 2
BANKING AND FINANCE
1 9 3 9 ( D e c . 3 0 ) _____ 9 , 3 3 9 3 , 2 9 6 6 , 0 4 3 3 , 4 9 7 2 , 5 4 6 5 , 9 1 5 8 9 1 2 5 1 4 ; 5 0 7 3 i 5 4 3 6 9 5 7 4 9^ 4 5 9 7 3 6 8 , 8 9 9 1 3 ! 0 8 1 1 , 5 9 2
C h i c a g o : 7
1 9 3 4 ............. .......................... 1 , 5 8 1 5 3 2 1 , 0 4 9 7 4 3 3 0 6 4 1 5 4 0 2 0 7 2 , 1 5 4 4 4 5 2 4 6
1 9 3 5 ............................ . 1 , 8 6 8 4 7 6 1 , 3 9 2 1 , 0 6 1 3 3 1 5 1 1 3 9 2 Q 9 < 5 7 4 5 2 2 4 9 8
1 9 3 6 . ............................... 2 , 1 0 0 6 3 3 1 , 4 6 7 1 , 1 0 7 3 6 0 5 5 8 3 2 1 8 8 2. 8 3 9 5 9 9 7 2
1 9 3 7 ______ _____________ 1 , 9 0 1 6 3 5 1 , 2 6 6 9 1 6 3 4 9 5 9 6 2 7 1 7 9 2 , 6 3 6 5 2 8 6 5
5
1 9 3 8 - : . _____ ____________ 1 , 9 6 9 5 3 9 1 , 4 3 0 1 , 0 0 5 4 2 5 8 8 4 3 5 2 3 5 3 , 0 1 9 6 5 8 9 8 3
1 9 3 9 ( D e e . 3 0 ) _____ 2 , 1 0 5 5 6 9 1 , 5 3 6 1 , 0 3 1 5 0 5 9 9 3 4 2 2 8 4 3 , 3 3 0 8 7 9 9 8 0 8 3 1 , 8 6 7 4 9 2 i j 7 3 9 2, 4 4 1 2 5 0 1 4
O t h e r R e s e r v e c i t i e s :
1 9 3 4 ........................................ 1 0 , 0 2 8 4 , 3 1 2 5 , 7 1 5 3 , 8 0 9 1 , 9 0 7 1 , 2 6 8 2 0 7 1 , 5 4 3 1 2 , 2 9 7 2 , 1 0 1 1 7 6 2 0 1 8 6 5 , 6 7 3 3 , 6 9 9 5 , 1 3 6 3 9 R
6 , 0 4 3 1 , 6 1 4
1 9 3 5 ______ _______ 1 0 , 7 8 0 4 , 3 4 7 6 , 4 3 2 4 , 0 7 6 2 , 3 5 7 1 , 5 9 4 2 5 6 1 , 7 7 9 3 4 , 0 2 3 2 9 3 8 5 7 9
1 9 3 6 . ......................... .. 1 1 , 7 9 5 < 7 9 4 7 , 0 0 0 4 , 4 2 6 2 , 5 7 4 2 , 1 0 8 2 8 5 1, S 1 6 1 5 ; 7 6 5 2 , 9 6 3 3 4 4 0 7 3 5
1 9 3 7 ..................................... 1 1 , 4 1 4 5 , 2 0 3 6 , 2 1 1 3 , 9 6 2 2 , 2 4 9 2 , 3 1 0 2 0 0 1 , 4 7 0 1 4 , 9 5 8 2 , 4 9 6 3 4 2 5 6 3 4 7 , 7 1 1 4 , 4 2 7 6 , 8 7 0 3 4 f t
1 7 3 5 8 ' 1 1 1
1 9 3 8 ............. .............. ... 1 1 , 6 5 4 4 , 9 6 3 6 , 6 9 1 4 , 2 7 8 2 , 4 X 3 2 , 3 5 4 3 2 1 3 , 9 4 0 1 5 , 8 2 9 2 , 8 2 7 5 7 4 2 4 * 1 7 8 , 0 0 0 4 , 5 0 2 7 , 2 1 4 8 , 5 2 7 ■\ 7 7 7 2 4 4

Country banks:
1934 __________________
8,780 4,025
1935 ........ 8,919 3,918
1936 ____ 9,825 4,078
1937____ _____ 10,124 4,446
1938 __________________
10,113 4,444
1939 (Dee. 30)__
By districts:
Boston:
1938 ........
1939 (Deo. 30)....
New York:
1938 __________
1939 (Dec. 30)__
Philadelphia:
1938 __________
1939 (Dec. 30)__
Cleveland:
1938 ____
1939 (Deo. 30)__
Richmond:
1938
1939~(Dec.~§0)" 11
Atlanta:
1938-_
1939 (DecV30)."I”
Chicago:
1938 ........
1939 (Dec. 30)....
St. Louis:
1938
1939"(Dec.'36j.‘";
Minneapolis:
1938 ..
1939 (Deo. 30)....
Kansas City:
1938
1939"(De‘oV36).'"I
Dallas:
1938 ...............—.
1939 (Dec. 30)----
San Francisco:
10,224
1,923
10,804
11,847
2,327
2,342
2,770
1,265
1, 321
1,087
1,138
4,346
4,558
1,147
1,159
751
787
1,136
901
922
1938 ........
1939 (Deo. 30)__ 3,678 3,941
4*768
915
979
4,267
4,333
906
945
1,106
566
622
560
5S9
1,346
1,469
513
556
357
483
543
456
496
1,869
1,967
4,756 2,108 2,647 822 275 1,296 9,886 358 2 178 210 4*499
5.002 1,940 3,062 927 305 1,676 10,949 431 1 137 136 5,282
5,747 2,368 3,379 1,247 319 1,929 12,458 499 2 178 69 6,355
5,677 2,490 3,188 1,361 307 1, 645 12)486 433 1 78 61 6,251
5,669 2; 636 3.033 1,353 322 1,956 12,309 469 2 US «44 6.496
5,456 2,484 3,022 1,578 363 2,614 13,762 597 2 154 •35 7,158
981 625 356 391 163 243 2,490 274 25 2 5 04 m w
m 585 359 543 169 301 % 741 363 16 27 «4 1,694
6,537 3.676 2.861 4,451 127 389 14*753 2,781 444 186 9.127
7,514 4,221 8,293 6,305 155 484 17,685 3,659 697 126 10,946
1,421 628 794 375 50 310 2,861 325 9 77 6 12 1,357
1,396 613 783 596 5 4 449 3)231 451 6 78 • ID 1,599
1,741 1,041 700 474 71 427 3,457 352 1 50 *8 1,709
1,762 1,031 731 675 82 551 3,866 462 2 56 6 1,972
699 461 289 231 42 263 1,725 271 1 38 #3 882
699 449 250 282 49 372 1)951 358 1 44 • 3 9 93
527 285 262 188 31 272 1,537 293 1 60 • 1 1 800
549 236 313 208 37 399 1)740 371 1 63 *6 905
3,001 1,898 1,102 1,289 n o 712 6.236 ' 920 10 141 • 3 3.494
3,089 1,860 1,229 1,515 128 974 6,952 1,218 n 142 « s 3,771
633 337 297 209 24 226 1,543 318 24 •3 799
603 294 309 270 26 329 1,725 422 23 *4 864
453 277 175 113 18 200 1,028 142 1 3 •2 524
430 249 181 154 19 221 1,125 175 1 3 ‘ 2 582
615 30s 307 228 25 426 1 ,7 1 1 393 27 •2 990
593 279 314 259 30 506 1,854 481 28 •3 1,035
446 248 198 182 26 364 1.408 247 1 41 •2 895
425 218 207 216 28 480 1,577 332 2 38 2 973
1,810 1 ,1 2 0 689 562 62 409 4,616 327 17 118 ‘ 9 1,958
1,975 1,160 825 580 64 437 4,892 359 24 115 •4 2,153
4*639 4,292
< 962 5,047
5,355 6,039
5,652 5,968
5,656 6.224
5,817 6*866
643 1,425
637 1,587
2.214
2,257
8,461
10,294
1,081
1,088
1,254
1,497
1,336 1,596
1,369 1,857
531 815
552 917
371
394
726
825
1,668 3,253
1,803 3 ,5 1 1
399
411
736
791
356
362
488
541
299 913
306 960
221 845
231 919
2,188 1,781
2,238 1,983
4,427
3,992
4,839
4,868
4,914
5,048
1,506
11,466
14,273
1,356
1,581
1,555
1,807
862
948
810
864
3,626
3,927
846
901
438
504
912
774
815
1,830
2,042
13 1,650
6 1,687
3 1,750
12 1,775
6 1,798
3 1,851
1 388
1 391
1 1,993
1 ,9 9 7
1 487
490
1 542
561
208
215
179
187
. 573
588
164
169
113
117
1 177
1 186
i Prior to Dee. 31, 1935, excludes balances with private banks to the extent that such balances were reported in “Other assets.” Prior to Dec. 31,1933, excludes time balances
with domestic banks which, on that.date, amounted to $62,000,000 and which, prior to that time, were reported in “Other assets.” , n . . .
3 Demand deposits other than interbank and V . S. Government, less rash items reported as in process of collection and, prior to Dec. 31, iess casn items reported on nana
U 3 Aggregate book value of capital stock, capital notes and debentures, surplus, undivided profits, reserves for contingencies, etc. 4 Postal savmgsmcluded m time deposits.
i Beginning 1933, figures relate to licensed banks only. . • Includes United States Treasurer's time deposits, open account. central reserve city banks only.
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Figures published currently in Federal Reserve Bulletin.
100
167
439
452
6,058
5,999
5,951
5,945
356
353
* 772
655
652
639
406
410
320
315
787
804
391
392
461
467
734
736
544
544
288
282
TEDHRAI, RESERVE SYSTEM 253

254 BACKING AND FINANCE
No. 2 6 1 .— F e d e r a l R e s e r v e S y s t e m , R e p o r t in g M e m b e r B a n k s in 101
L e a d in g C i t ie s — P r in c ip a l A ss e t s a n d L ia b il it i e s .- 1935 TO 1940
(In millions of dollars. Monthly averages of Wednesday figures]
i
•a--
S 3
“ 0
If
V
jl
s
TJ. 3. GOVisMiiTttt'r
OBLIGA­
TI OH 8
Direct |
3 *
S S
s**
o
Other securities r
R e se rv e s w itir j
Federal Reserve
banks 1
Cash in vault
Balances with domestic
banks
Demand deposits
| adjusted2
TJ. S. Government
deposits2
Time deposits, except
interbank
1Interbank deposits
Capital accounts |
1935:
March___ ..____ 19,701 8,141) 7,845 749 3,627 3,481 306 2,015 11,800 1,004 4,870 4,003 3,483
June.................. 10,887 8, 023 7,010 943 3,006 4,041 318 2,018 12,814 764 4,874 5,02C 3,499
September........ 20,187 7, m 8,045 1,094 3,119 4,251 336 2,212 13, 283 628 4,863 5.391 3,492
December.......... 20, 7fi0 8,184 8,433 1,131 3,021 4,694 376 2,312 13,904 609 4,872 5,829 3,518
1030:
March............... 21,449 8,226 8,737 1, 248 3,238 4,301 365 2,334 13,882 046 4, 923 6,030 3,512
June.................... 22,373 8, 535 9,202 1, 303 3,333 4,88(1 387 2,290 14,563 797 5,037 5,954 3. 543
September....... 22,520 8,622 9,320 1, 246 3,326 4,995 383 2,311 14,9G2 837 6,036 6,317 3, 503
December........... 22,7CC 9,03C 9,241 1,242 3,247 5,264 427 2,439 15,544 601 5,045 6, 505 3, 555
1937:
January.............. 22,734 8,908 0,263 1,23G 3,243 5,202 401 2,307 15,516 611 6,062 6,501 3,563
February............ 22,000 8, 982 9,113 1,212 3,288 5,326 387 2,252 15,572 409 5,094 6,402 3,568
March............... 22,610 9, 28( 8,802 1, 206 3,31f 5, 205 359 1,008 15,420 369 5,142 6,112 3, 578
April................... 22,280 9,391 8,447 1,181 3,253 5,340 340 1,967 15,283 312 6,146 G, 023 3,581
May.................... 22,201 9, 522 8,320 i,i6a 3,195 5.35C 338 1,790 15.420 201 5,104 5,674 3,593
June.................. 22,330 9,697 8,355 1,16C 3,118 5,332 316 1,761 15,300 378 5,233 5, 619 3, 602
July.................... 22, 219 9, 74S 8.268 1,17C 3,03S 5,291 312 1,771 14,984 447 6,254 5,708 3, 697
August............... 22,332 9,92? 8,229 1.16C 3,014 5,140 296 1,083 14,918 515 5,245 5, 565 3, G07
September.......... 22,187 10,026 8,068 1,131 2,962 5,312 305 1,703 14,843 016 5, 283 5, 567 8, 612
October...... ....... 21,889 9,89( 7,914 1,132 2,952 MM 326 1,781 U, 756 555 6, 278 5, 612 3, 617
November........ 21,556 9, 551 7, Q70 1,127 2,001 5,348 320 1,804 14,636 424 5,287 5,483 3,623
December.......... 21,484 9,451 8, P'16 1,113 2,874 5,358 341 1,850 14,570 579 5, 203 5. 470 3,030
1938:
January.............. 21.285 9,137 8,118 1,131 2,89C 5,6,14 315 1,986 14,438 665 5,210 5, 715 3,024
February............ 21, 214 8, m 8,168 1,147 2,962 5, G4C 294 2,016 14,509 038 5,237 5,078 3,623
March............. 21,072 8,881 7,992 1,151 3,037 6,724 302 1,992 14,360 700 5, 239
April...............
5,037 3’ 626
20,819 8,604 7,955 1,179 3,081 5,885 342 2,107 14,437 612 5,223 5,743 3; 620
20, 732 8,43( 7,980 1,354 2, ifflfc 6,07C 384 2.29C 14,579 549 5, 214 6,024 3,645
May..................
Juno................. 20,096 8,384 7,864 1, 453 2,995 0,407 308 2,406 14,932 501 5,231 6,101
July....................
3, 049
20, 530 8,211 7,701 1, 567 3,047 6,675 403 2,435 15,021 452 5, 211 0, 240 3,045
August............... 20,675 8, 215 7,702 1,646 3,112 6,602 387 2,416 15,118 425 5,206 0,240 3' 657
September........ 21, 078 8, 26S 7,957 1,668 3,185 6,712 41(3 2,412 15,377 491 5,213 0‘ 393 3,661
October........... 21, 323 8,282 8,084 1, 682 3,275 7,005 425 2,446 15,088 563 5,164 6, 001 3, 6fi3
November_____ 21, 347 8,310 8, ISC 1,881 3,217 7.17C 438 2,467 15,825 536 5,135 719 3, 677
December.......... 21, 580 8, 465 8,191 1,708 3,222 7,219 483 2,452 16, Q87
1939:
585 6,140 6,690 3, 683
January............ 21,468 8,338 8,191 1,728 3,211 7,437 440 2,501 16,054 631 5,173
February______
6,858 3,675
21,527 8,107 8,178 1,891 3,201 7,352 41C 2, 543 10,042 631 5,181 G, 851 R* 689,
March____ ___ 21,705 8,241 8,186 2,027 3,251 7,427 41C 2,58C 16,032 031 5,211
April...................
7, 098
21,727
3, 687
8,127 8,225 % 033 3,342 7,073 424 2,596 18, 455
May................
628 5, 219
21,693
7, 227 3,695
8,091 8,296 2, 033 3,272 S,3fU 423 2,644 16,796
June..... ............
589 5,245 7,287 3', 712
21,887 8,001 8,383 2,119 3,291 8,460 447 2,727 17,182 553
July.....................
5,232
22,046
7, 334 3' 721
8,146 8,409 2,158 3,242 8,645 448, 2,765 17,360 551 5, 228 7, 510 3 71 fi
August_______ 52,327 8,170 8,537 2,205 3,34f fi, 951 440 2,808 17,717 544 5,247 7 770 3, 79.9
Soptomber.......... 22,384 8,322 8,467 2,226 3,369 0,643 477 2,951 18,209 540 5,231 8'. 305 3 71 fi
October............ 22,571 8,421 8,566 2.232 3, 852 9,957 482 3,062 18,611 538 5,242 fij 638
November.......... 22,960 8,573 8, 714 2,338 3,341 9,803 484 3,103 18,742 535 5.' 248 8 R80
December........... 23,353 8,802 8,774 2,412 3,365 9.630 532 3,063
1940:
18,862 570 5,255 8] 700 3.713
January.............. 23,157 8,587 8,833 2,410 3, 327 10,065 484 3,087 18,940 578 5, 264 8, 810
February______ 23,220 8,520 8,862 2,419 3,410 10,273 473 3,104 ID, 210 573 5,271 8 8GQ
March________
3j 710
23,380 8, a o i 8,904 2,384 3,483 10,304 468 3,184
April________ .
19,344 575 5,329 9,004 3 721
23,489 8,640 8,941 2,398 3,504 10,661 405 3,229
May................
19, 515 579 5,335 9”. 137 3j 735
23,555 8,509 9,053 2,407 3,496 11,032 474 3,240 19,971 579 5.313 9) 203 3.750
, ■ 3hru?!7 1037amounts previously classified as loans or securities but indirectly represent-
P fifil11* Prepes or other real estate owned are classified among “Other assets " These nmnnnti nn wnh
8 ,1M0, were $47,000,000 tor loans and $53,000,000 for securities amounts on i eb.
of cSStion ^epos*ts ° ^ er ^ a n interbank and U. S, Government, less cash items reported as in process
anVliad acoount' ” wWoh ftm°u n M t0 *6'000-000 “ March 1039
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,
eral Reservo Bulletin,
Figures are published currently in Fed-

ALL EXPORTING BANKS 255
No. 2 6 2 .— F ederal Reserve System, All M ember B anks— Earnings,
E xpenses, and D ividends: 1926 to 1939
[All figures, except ratios, in millions end tenths of millions of dollars]
AH, MEMBER BANKS 1939
1926 1930 1935 1937 1938 1039 National
banks
State
member
banks
Loans and investments i....... 29,673.9 36,306.4 28,898.5 32,503.8 31,538.2 32. 766.9 21,172.8 11,584.1
Loans1.................-........... 20,809.1 26,018.2 11,086.2 13,825.6 13,317.4 13,366.7 8,647.1 4,718.6
Investments1................— 8,864.8 10, 377.2 16,913.3 18,678.8 18,220.8 19,303.2 12,525.7 6,866. 5
Capital funds >..................... 4, 689.3 0,722.8 5,118. 6 6,327. 6 5,384.6 5,487.9 3,373.2 2,114.8
Current earnings, total____ n, 918.1 2,167.0 1,206.0 1,321.3 1,274.4 1, 295.9 846.1 449.8
Interest earned............... 1, 015.6 1,867.6 067.3 1,033.4 991.8 1,001.6 083.2 321.4
Expenses, total.................... 1,367.3 1, 604,3 832.5 902.4 890.0 894.8 570.8 315.0
Interest paid---------------- 609.1 771.0 200.7 176.2 171.0 159.1 113.9 45.2
Salaries and wages______ 372.7 451.8 334.5 372.1 370.9 387.9 246.2 141.8
Net earnings.................. ...... 3 660.8 663.6 374.1 418.9 884.3 401.1 260.3 184.8
Recoveries, profits on securities,
etc............................. 801.8 118.2 376.0 256.2 279.2 326.6 210.3 116.2
Losses and depreciation____ 193.1 366.3 638.3 338.5 398.1 880.2 225.9 154.3
Net profits...___________ 410.6 306.6 211.9 336.6 205.5 347.5 250.7 96.8
Cash dividends declared»__ 272.7 372.0 186.8 201.0 198.3 207.0 130.8 76.2
Ratios:
Loans and Investments per
$1 of capital funds........... $0.47 $6.26 $6.66 $6.10 $6.86 $5.97 $0.28 $6.48
Net profits per $100 of loans
and investments............. $1.41 $0.87 $0.73 $1.04 $0,84 $1.06 $1.18 $0.84
Net profits per $100 of capital
funds................. ....... $0.14 $4. 56 $4.14 $6.32 $4.93 $6.33 $7.43 $4.68
Averages of amounts reported for call dates. 1Profits on securities included in earnings,
i Includes interest on capital notes and debentures beginning 1933, when first issued.
No. 2 6 8 .— A l l R eporting Banks in the U nited States— N umber, Loans,
Investments, and D eposits: 1928 to 1940
Note.—Money figures in millions of dollars. This table covers all national banks in continental United
States, all State commercial banks, trust companies, mutual and stock savings banks, and such private,
Morris Plan, and industrial banks as are included in abstracts issued by State banking departments.
Also includes, during the period June 1934-June 1936, private banks which, under provisions of sec. 21
(a) of the Banking Act. of 1933, submitted reports to the Comptroller of the Currency. Morris Plan
and industrial banks in New York and North Carolina were not included until June 30,1937; in Connecticut,
not until Dee. 31,1938
date i
1928— Deo. 31__
1929— Dec. 31__
1930— Dec. 31__
1931— Dec. 31—
1932— Dec. 31—
1933— June 30».
Dec. 30__
1934— June 30__
Dec. 31__
1936—June 29__
Dec. 31__
1936— June 30__
Dec. 31__
1937— June 30__
Dec. 31__
1938— June 30__
Dec. 31__
1030—June 30__
Dec. 30—
1940—June 29..
NUMBER OP BANKS LOANS INVESTMENTS DEPOSITS •
All
banks
25,570
24,630
22,769
19,906
18,390
14,519
15,011
15,835
16,039
15,994
15,837
15,752
15,628
15,527
16,393
15,287
15,206
15,082
15,035
14,962
Member
banks
8,837
8,522
8,052
7,240
6,816
5,606
6,011
6.375
6,442
6,410
6,387
6,400
6.376
6,357
6,341
6.338
6.338
6,330
6,362
6,398
Nonmember
banks
16,739
16,108
14,717
12,720
11,574
8,913
9,000
9,460
9,697
9,584
9,450
9,352
9,262
9,170
9,062
8,949
8,808
8,762
8,673
8,664
All
banks
40,782
41,918
38,135
31,305
26,063
22,203
21,977
21,278
20,473
20,272
20,329
20,679
21,449
22,514
22,198
21,130
21,354
21,318
22,167
22,341
Member
banks
26,165
26,160
23,870
19,261
16,204
12,868
12.833
12,623
12,028
11,928
12,176
12,642
13,360
14,286
13,968
12,g38
13,208
13,141
13,962
13,960
Nonmomber
banks
15,627
15,768
14,264
12,045
10,859
9,346
9,144
8,756
8,446
8,844
8,154
8,137
8,089
8,229
8,240
8,192
8,147
8,176
8,205
8,372
Member
All
banks
banks
17,484
16,499
18,074
18,399
18,883
17,872
18,342
21,224
22,984
24,146
25,388
27,778
28,076
27,182
26,368
26,252
27,676
28,299
28,714
28,995
10,629
9,784
10,989
11,314
12,265
11,928
12,386
14,662
16,122
16,857
17,810
19,717
19,640
18,454
17,794
17,783
18,863
19,462
19,979
20,482
Nonmember
banks
6,966
6,716
7,086
7,084
6,617
5,944
5,950
6,671
6,862
7,288
7,577
8,062
8,436
8,728
8,574
8,469
8,712
8,836
8,736
8,513
All Member
banks
banks
56.766
55,289
53,039
45,821
41,643
37,998
38,605
41,870
44,770
45.766
48,964
51,336
53,701
53,287
52,440
52,195
54,054
55,992
58,344
60,582
34,826
33,865
32,560
•27,432
24,803
23,338
23,771
26,615
28,943
29,490
32,169
34,093
36,893
35,440
34,810
34,745
36,211
38,027
39,930
42,039
Nonmember
bonks
21,940
21,424
20,479
18,389
16,840
14,669
14,734
15,266
16,828
16,270
16,805
17,238
17,809
17,848
17,630
17,449
17,843
17,965
18,414
18,543
>Date of reports of member banks; figures for nonmember banks as of nearest available date.
• Exclusive of interbank deposits, with following exceptions: For dates prior to Dec. 30, 1933, memberbank
figures include interbank deposits not subject to immediate withdrawal, which aggregated $103,000,000
on that date; nonmember-bank figures for all call dates include interbank deposits to the extent (estimated
at $160,000,000 for June 30, 1937, but since reduced to probably a small amount) that they were not reported
separately in a few State bank abstracts.
1 Beginning June 30, 1933, all figuros, except for mutual savings banks, relate to licensed banks only, with
some exceptions as to nonmember banks.
Source of tables 262 and 263: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Figures published
currently in Federal Reserve Bulletin.

256 BACKING AND' FINANCE
N o. 264;.— All Ac tiv e B a nks— P r in c ip a l A ss e t s a n d L i a b il it i e s , b y C l a s s
o f B a n k s: 1840 to 1939
N o te ,—Includes banks in Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Philippine Islands, and beginning w ith 1935,
those in Virgin Islands and in 1938, those in Canal Zone, Guam, and American Samoa. D ata arc as of
Juno 30 or about June 30 except data for the earlier years for banks other than national, for which reports
were of various dates. Figures for banks other than national for the earlier years, especially through 1885,
are incomplete. Figures for mutual savings banks include some stock savings banks for years prior to
1910 and also a few in several more recent years; since 1926 only one is included. Private banks are not
included prior to 1890; statistics for private banks, except for 1934 and 1936, cover only banks under State
supervision and those voluntarily reporting; for 1934 and 1935, they include also private banks which
submitted reports to the Comptroller of the Currency under provisions of the Banking Act of 1933
[All figures, except number of banks, in millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
ON OR ABOUT
JUNE 30 (SEE
s e a d n o t e )—
Number
of
banks
Loans
and
discounts
1
Cash
and bal-
Invest- ances
merits 8 with
other
banks 8
Total
assets
Capital,
surplus,
Cir­
and cula­
tion 5
undivided
profits *
Total
DEPOSITS
Excluding interbank
and U . S.
deposits
Demand
T im e 8
All banks:
1840...........
1850...........
1860...........
1865 e.........
1870 ».........
1875...........
1880...........
1885...........
189Q...........
1895,..........
1900............
1905............
1910............
1915............
1920.......... .
901
824
1,502
1,643
1,037
3,330
3,355
4,350
8,201
9,818
10,382
16,410
23,095
27,062
462.9
364.2
691.9
517.5
863.8
1,748.0
1,662.3
2.272.2
3,853.5
4,268.9
5,657.7
9.027.3
12.521.8
15.758.7
30.139 30.650.1
1924 .................. 29,348 31,288.3
1925 .................. 28,841 33.598.5
1926_.......... 28.140 35.843.2
1927 .................. 27,061 37.103.3
1928 .................. 26,213 39.156.0
1929 .................. 26,330 41.433.1
1930 .................. 24,079 40.510.1
1931 ............ 22,071 35.210.5
1932 .................. 19,163 28.089.9
1933 »o......... 14,624 22.387.8
1934 «......... 15,894 21.431.2
1935 .................. 16,053 20.419.3
1930............ 15,803 20.839.2
1937 _________ 15,580 22.698.2
1938 .................. 15,341 21.311.2
1939 .................. 15,146 21.516.3
National banka:
1865............ 1,294 362.4
1870............ 1,612 719.3
1875...... 2.076 972.9
1880............ 2.076 994.7
1885............ 2,689 1.257.7
1800............ 3,484 1.933.5
1895............ 3,715 2.016.6
1900............ 3,732 2,644.2
1905............ 5,668 3.929.5
1910............ 7,145 5,455.9
1915............ 7,605 6.065.1
1920........... 8,030 13.502.1
1924 .................. 8,085 11.958.3
1925 .................. 8,072 12.590.2
1026........... 7,978 13.328.7
1927 .................. 7,796 13.854.5
1928 .................. 7,691 14.927.4
1929 .................. 7,536 14.811.3
1930 .................. 7,252 14.897.2
1931 .................. 6,805 13.185.3
1932 .................. 6,150 10.286.4
1933 M......... 4,902 8.119.8
1934 w........ 5,422 7.697.7
1935 .................. 5,431 7.368.7
1936 .................. 5,374 7,763.3
1937 .................. 5,299 8.812.9
1938 .................. 5,248 8,334.0
5,209 8.573.7
.For footnotes, see p. 258.
42.4
20.6
70.3
412.3
469.7
801.9
904.2
1, 042.0
1.173.2
1.565.3
2.498.4
3.953.0
4.087.8
5.840.1
11.252.0
14.193.6
15,374.9
15.815.1
17.255.1
18.771.8
17.348.7
17.044.7
20.060.2
18.223.2
17.930.7
21.289.5
24.217.2
27.859.5
27,274.1
26.345.5
28.385.8
H 394.0
452.7
442.8
451.5
432.2
310.7
447.2
774.6
1.204.6
1,576.3
2.026.5
4,050.9
6.107.2
5.705.2
5.842.3
6.393.2
7.147.4
6.656.5
6.888.2
7,674.8
7.196.7
7.371.6
9.348.6
10,716.4
12.482.6
12.122.3
11,644.3
12.552.9
98.7
114.9
195.7
392.0
405.6
540.4
666.6
902.0
1.123.4
1.442.0
2.256.0
3.349.5
4.437.3
5.008.5
8.367.4
9.025.0
9,906.8
9.803.1
10.089.5
9.363.2
9.271.4
11,178.0
10,366.9
7.367.7
7.764.8
10,215.7
12.397.5
15,122.4
15.628.6
17.470.7
20,626.6
343.9
360.8
431.9
517.5
603.1,
730.3
893.0
1.400.3
1.982.9
2.549.9
2.697.0
4.495.4
4.457.2
4.791.9
4.790.4
4.877.2
4.617.8
4.282.1
5.415.3
4.995.2
3.485.9
4.118.9
5.607.0
6.868.2
8.381.4
8.377.9
9.450.0
11,074.8
657.7
532.3
999.9
1,357.4
1.780.8
3.204.7
3.308.9
4.426.8
6.357.6
7.609.6
10.785.8
16.918.2
22.450.3
27.804.1
52.828.2
57.084.8
61.898.1
64.686.1
67.922.0
71.137.8
71.718.7
73.462.4
69.757.1
57, 190.1
51.293.9
56.157.6
60.386.9
67.188.2
68.924.8
68.277.7
73.601.3
1.126.5
1.505.8
1.913.2
2.035.5
2.421.9
3.061.8
3.470.6
4.944.2
7.327.8
9.896.6
11,7Q5.7
23.276.3
22.535.4
24.263.7
25,215.0
26,470.9
28.280.5
27.275.4
28.872.4
27.474.6
22.360.5
20.855.6
23,900.2
26.056.5
29.696.8
30.328.8
30.377.6
33.180.6
i 358.4
* 217.3
7 421.9
»451.5
8 648.3
846.8
825.5
1.039.9
1.558.1
1.779.7
1.906.9
2.902.7
3.841.2
4.535.5
5.954.0
7.053.3
7.350.5
7.808.4
8.272.2
8.897.4
9.667.5
10.281.5
9.831.1
8.538.5
7.385.3
7.852.8
7,835.7
7.971.1
8.236.4
8,182.0
8.294.2
380.3
561.8
686.9
624.5
725.0
934.5
987.2
1.013.1
1,406.9
1.856.6
2.105.4
2.622.1
2,916.2
2,970.1
3.089.4
3.239.5
3.571.0
3,674.8
3.976.1
3.755.7
3.279.8
2.856.6
3,001.0
3.086.4
3,165. 7
3.212.2
3.273.8
3.389.5
107.0
131.4
207.1
179.7
336.1
318.3
318.4
269.2
120.4
178.8
265.3
445.5
675.6
722.7
688.2
729.7
648.5
651.2
650.9
649.1
049.5
652.3
639.3
652.2
730.4
698.3
222.1
131.5
201.2
318.1
318.1
269.1
126.3
178.8
265.3
445.5
675.6
722.7
088.2
729.7
648.5
651.2
650.9
649.1
649.5
652.3
639.3
652.2
730.4
698.3
222.1
119.9
146.3
309.7
089.0
775.1
2,008.6
2,222.1
3,078.2
4,576.4
5,538,6
8,513.0
13,332.8
17.584.2
22,031.7
41,725. 2
47.709.0
51.995.1
54.069.3
56.751.3
58.431.1
57.910.6
59.847.2
56.864.7
45.390.3
41,533.5
46, 625.0
51, 586.1
58.339.8
59.822.4
59,379. 0
64,576.7
I* 614.2
705.5
897.4
1.085.1
1.410.0
1.978.8
2.278.9
3.621.5
5.407.5
7.257.0
8.821.2
17.166.6
18.357.3
19.921.8
20.655.0
21.790.6
22.657.3
21.598.1
23, 268.9
22.198.2
17.460.9
16.774.1
19.932.7
22.518.2
20.200.5
26.765.9
20.815.9
29.469.5
75. 7
109.6
253.8
458. 4
598.2
1.787.0
1,951.6
2,734. 3
4,072.5
4,921. 3
7.239.0
11.350.7
14.963.7
18,965. 7
37,208.1
42,903. S
46,715.2
48,820. 6
51,062.1
53,244.7
24,350. 2
24,098. 5
21,326.2
16,405. 0
15.248.9
17.519.0
21.557.1
25.404.9
26,932.5
25,856.4
28.906.2
2 8 , 0 5 4 . 5
20, 145.3
28,999.4
2 4 , 7 2 1 . 2
21,352. 7
22,44Q. 8
23.128.1
24,045. 3
25,051.0
25,302. 7
25.780.2
398. 4
542. 3
686. 5
833. 7
1,106. 4
1,521. 7
1,730. 0
2,458. 1
3, 783. 7
5,070. 5
6, 426. 2
13, 671. 8
14,818. 8
16,320. 7
17,057. X
18,202. 8
19,3Q0. 4
10.504.3
10.920.2
10.105.9
7.940.7
7,884.2
9.265.8
11.273.9
13.452.4
14,403.8
13.890.3
15,580.2
8, 235.6
8, 648.8
8,431.4
7, 221.8
6,160. 6
6.791.2
7.130.1
7, 533. 0
7.788.3
7.976.1
8,072. 0

ALL ACTIVE BANKS 2 5 7
N o. 2 6 4 .— A l l A c t i v e B a n k s — P r i n c i p a l A s s e ts a n d L i a b i l i t i e s , b y C la s s
o f B a n k s : 1840 t o 1939— Continued
[All figures, except number of banks, in millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
O N O R A B O U T
JU N E 3 0 {SEE
H E A D N O T E )—
N u m ­
b e r
o f
b a n k s
L o a n s
a n d
d i s ­
c o u n t s i
I n v e s t ­
m e n t s 2
C a s h
a n d b a l ­
a n c e s
w i t h
o t h e r
b a n k s *
Total
assets
Capital,
surplus,
Cir­
and cula­
tion s
undivided
profits4
Total
DEPOSITS
Excluding interbank
and TJ. S.
deposits
Demand
Tim efl
S t a t e ( c o m m e r ­
c i a l b a n k s } : u
1 8 4 0 ....................... 901 4 6 2 .9 4 2 .4 9 8 . 7
1 8 5 0 ....................... 824 3 6 4 .2 2 0 .6 1 1 4 .9
1 8 6 0 ....................... 1 ,6 6 2 6 9 1 .9 7 0 .3 1 9 5 .7
1 8 0 5 » .................... 3 4 9 1 5 5 .1 1 8 .3 4 8 .1
1 8 7 0 ' ................... 3 2 5 1 4 4 .4 1 7 .1 4 4 . 8
1 8 7 5 ....................... 5 8 6 2 4 2 .0 6 3 .4 6 7 .2
1 8 8 0 ....................... 0 5 0 2 8 2 .3 6 1 . 9 1 0 9 .9
1 8 8 5 ....................... 1 ,0 1 5 4 9 0 .9 9 0 . 8 1 7 9 .4
1 8 9 0 ....................... 2 ,7 2 2 1 , 1 1 6 .1 1 6 8 .2 2 8 7 .6
1 8 9 5 ....................... 4 , 3 6 9 1 , 3 4 3 .8 3 0 9 .8 4 3 1 .3
1 9 0 0 ....................... 5 ,0 0 9 1 , 9 3 3 .5 5 8 9 .9 7 0 7 .0
1 9 0 5 ....................... 9 ,0 4 0 3 , 7 2 0 .9 1 ,2 8 1 .7 1 , 1 9 0 .1
1 9 1 0 ....................... 1 4 ,3 7 8 5 . 2 3 0 .3 1 ,4 2 4 . G 1 , 6 9 5 .2
1 9 1 5 ....................... 1 7 ,7 9 1 6 , 8 0 8 . 5 1 ,9 2 8 .4 2 , 1 3 3 .2
1 9 2 0 ....................... 2 0 ,0 9 0 1 4 ,4 2 7 . 5 4 ,4 5 2 . (! 3 , 0 0 8 .0
1 9 2 4 ....................... 2 0 ,0 9 0 15, 4 7 8 . 2 5 ,8 3 3 .8 4 , 2 8 9 .2
1 9 2 5 ....................... 1 9 ,6 3 5 1 6 , 7 3 8 .7 0, 2 8 3 .4 4 , 8 4 4 .3
1 9 2 6 . .................... 1 9 ,0 5 3 17, 7 9 9 .8 6 , 5 3 1 .3 4 , 7 4 1 .4
1 9 2 7 ....................... 1 8 ,1 8 0 1 8 ,0 9 2 . G 7 ,3 0 9 . G 4 , 9 2 5 .9
1 9 2 8 ....................... 1 7 ,6 0 2 1 8 ,6 2 9 . S 7 ,8 4 4 .8 4 , 4 8 2 .3
1 9 2 9 ................... 10, 7 9 2 2 0 ,7 2 5 .8 6 , 8 8 8 ,6 4 . 7 4 5 .0
1 9 3 0 ....................... 1 5 , 86C 1 9 , 6 5 1 .4 7 , 1 6 2 .4 5 , 4 5 0 .9
1 9 3 1 ....................... 14, 3 8 2 16, 9 2 9 .5 7 , 8 9 3 .2 4, 9 0 5 .5
1 9 3 2 ....................... 1 2 ,1 0 2 1 1 ,6 3 4 .4 0 , 8 1 9 .5 3 , 4 3 0 .9
1 033 ‘0................. 8 , 9 6 2 8 , 3 0 4 .2 6 , 4 4 5 .9 3 , 2 0 8 .7
1 9 3 4 .................. 9 , 0 6 8 7, 9 5 3 .6 7 , 4 2 5 .0 3 , 9 1 3 .7
1 9 3 5 ....................... 9 , SOS 7 , 5 8 0 .9 8 , 5 9 0 .0 4 , 9 1 5 .1
1 9 3 6 ....................... 9 , 7 3 2 7 , 8 5 4 .3 1 0 ,0 9 2 .9 6 , 0 5 3 .7
1 9 3 7 ....................... 9 , 6 3 2 8 , 7 0 6 .1 9 , 4 8 9 .4 6 , 5 6 5 .4
1 9 3 8 ....................... 0 ,4 5 8 7 , 9 6 8 .4 9 , 1 5 6 .7 7 , 3 1 5 .0
1 9 3 9 ...................... 9 ,3 2 1 7, 9 7 5 .8 9 ,9 3 7 .1 8 , 7 1 7 .6
M u t u a l s a v i n g s
b a n k s : i*
0 7 4
1 8 7 5 ....................... 6 3 2 .5 2 9 5 .7 4 1 .2
1 8 8 0 ....................... 029 3 8 5 .4 3 9 0 .8 3 9 ,1
1 8 8 5 ....................... 64G 5 2 3 .7 5 1 9 . C 5 9 .5
1 8 9 0 ....................... 6 3 7 6 9 5 .6 6 8 6 .1 6 9 .3
1 8 9 5 ....................... 6 6 4 8 2 3 .0 8 0 1 .0 8 9 .7
1 9 0 0 ....................... 6 5 2 1 , 0 0 1 .0 1 , 1 2 8 .1 1 1 4 .0
1 9 0 5 ....................... 008 1 , 2 0 9 .8 1 , 4 5 3 .1 1 4 0 ,3
1 9 1 0 ...................... 038 1 , 7 2 7 .2 1 , 0 7 6 .1 1 0 0 .7
1 6 1 5 ....................... 6 3 0 2 , 1 7 0 .0 1 ,8 0 9 . G 2 0 6 .3
1 9 2 0 ....................... 620 2 , 5 9 1 .5 2 , 7 1 0 .3 2 2 6 .7
1 9 2 4 ___________ 613 3 , 7 7 5 .7 3 , 2 1 7 .5 2 5 0 .1
1 9 2 5 ....................... 011 4 , 1 8 3 . 1 3 , 3 5 1 .2 2 4 3 .3
1920....................... 02C 4 ,0 2 3 . fl 3 , 4 0 0 ,1 2 4 2 , 6
1 9 2 7 ....................... 618 5 ,0 0 4 , G 3 . 5 2 3 .4 2 5 7 .3
1 9 2 8 ....................... 6 1 6 5 , 5 1 1 .9 3 , 7 6 0 .6 2 4 3 .6
1 9 2 9 ....................... on 5 . S O I. 5 3 , 7 7 5 .8 2 2 3 .6
1 9 3 0 ...................... 0Q6 6 , 8 9 0 .0 3 , 8 7 2 .4 2 9 6 .8
1 9 3 1 ...................... COO 0 , 0 5 1 . 1 4 , 4 7 6 . 2 3 0 4 .3
1 9 3 2 . . . . ............ 5 9 4 6 , 1 4 0 .0 4 , 1 9 4 .6 4 4 3 . 2
1 9 3 3 1 0 .................. 5 7 6 5 , 9 4 1 . 0 4 , 1 0 3 . 2 4 2 8 .5
1 9 3 4 1 0 ................. 5 7 8 5, 0 4 7 .3 4 , 2 6 6 .7 5 1 4 .4
1 9 3 5 ....................... 5 7 1 5 , 3 4 2 . 5 4 , 5 1 1 .4 5 2 2 .8
1 9 3 6 ....................... 566 5 , 1 1 3 .6 4 , 8 5 3 .4 5 4 4 .6
1 9 3 7 ...................... 5 6 4 6 , 0 1 1 .0 5 , 1 7 8 .0 5 2 9 .1
1 9 3 8 ___________ 5 6 2 4 , 9 2 7 .0 5 ,1 7 0 .4 5 7 5 .1
1 9 3 9 ....................... 552 4 , 8 9 5 .4 5,3 5 3 . 5 6 9 9 .8
Private banks:
1 8 9 0 ....................... 1 ,3 6 8 1 0 8 .4 8 .0 3 6 . 2
1 8 9 5 ...................... 1 , 07C 8 5 . 5 7 .3 2 7 .5
1 9 0 0 ....................... 98£ 7 8 .4 5 .8 3 4 .7
1 9 0 5 ....................... 1 ,0 2 8 1 0 7 .1 1 3 . 6 3 6 .3
1 9 1 0 ....................... 934 1 0 8 .4 1 0 . 4 3 1 .5
1 9 1 5 ....................... 1 ,0 3 0 1 1 5 .0 1 5 . 3 3 2 .0
1 9 2 0 ....................... 799 1 2 8 . G 3 2 . 2 3 7 .4
1 9 2 4 .......................
For footnotes,
560
e e p . 25
8.
7 6 .0
3 5 . 1 2 8 .5
657.7 7 3 5 8 .4 107.0 119.9 7 6 .7
5 3 2 .3 7 2 1 7 .3 131.4 146.3 109.6
9 9 9 ,9 > 421.9 207.1 3 0 9 .7 2 5 3 .8
2 3 1 .0 > 7 1 .2 4 8 .2 7 4 .7 6 0 .0
215.1 8 80. 5 44. S 6 9 .6 5 5 .9
395.2 114.3 .2 261.7 2 5 0 .9
481.8 1 4 5 .1 .3 3 1 7 .9 2 9 8 .8
802.0 2 1 3 .1 .1 5 6 3 .4 532.7
1 ,6 4 4 .1 422.4 .1 1 ,1 5 0 .1 1 ,1 1 3 ,1
2. 251. e 5 9 0 .7 1 ,5 7 8 .2 1, 5 0 6 .1
3, 378,4 673.4 2 ,6 5 9 .0 2 ,5 5 0 .2
6 ,4 5 7 .8 1 ,2 4 6 . C 5 ,0 5 8 .8 4 ,7 0 2 .6
8 ,7 4 1 ,2 1 ,0 6 0 .5 0 ,8 4 0 .2 6 ,4 0 8 .6
11, 5 1 1 .4 2 ,0 3 7 . ] 0 ,1 2 3 .7 8 ,4 5 4 .8
23, 720.5 2 ,8 7 9 .5 1 9 ,1 9 9 .7 18, 2 4 0 .1
27. 033.7 3 ,4 6 7 .1 2 2 ,5 3 6 .1 2 1 ,2 7 1 .2
29, 566.2 3 ,0 0 9 .5 2 4 .7 9 4 . C 2 3 ,1 2 1 .3
3 0 ,8 7 4 .6 3 ,8 0 4 . 5 2 5 ,7 0 3 .3 2 4 ,0 6 0 ,8
32, 275. £ 4 ,0 9 1 .5 2 0 ,7 5 9 .1 2 4 ,6 6 9 .6
3 3 ,0 2 0 .4 4 ,3 0 7 .! 2 0 ,9 8 8 .4 2 5 ,1 6 0 .9
34, 280.4 4 ,9 8 5 . £ 2 7 ,1 9 7 .7 13, 091.1 11,4 6 6.6
3 4.180. C 5 ,2 1 9 .4 2 7 ,2 8 1 .4 1 3 ,1 2 7 .3 1 1 ,3 4 7 .5
31, 008. 6 4,921. a 2 4 ,5 7 1 .6 1 1 ,1 8 9 .1 1 0 ,5 0 5 .3
23, 640.0 4 ,1 9 6 .7 1 7 ,8 4 0 .7 8 ,4 4 2 .5 7 ,4 4 2 .0
1 9 ,4 2 4 .3 3 ,3 0 8 .9 1 5 ,0 1 3 .3 7 ,3 4 2 .5 6 ,4 6 2 .3
20, 659. 6 3, 4 7 3 .4 1 6 .5 4 4 .0 8, 053.7 6 ,7 8 9 .5
2 2 ,4 4 1 .0 3 ,3 6 6 .5 1 8 ,6 3 6 .5 9, 948.8 6 ,0 1 9 .2
25. 351. 3 3 ,3 8 0 .9 2 1 ,4 9 0 .3 11, 608.7 6 ,4 1 7 .2
2 0 ,1 4 6 .1 3 ,6 2 1 .5 2 2 ,1 9 2 .7 1 2 ,0 0 2 .7 7 ,0 1 7 .0
25, 700.0 3 ,4 7 9 .5 2 1 ,8 5 3 .6 1 1 ,5 6 2 .7 7 ,1 5 6 .2
2 7 ,8 4 6 .7 3 ,4 7 0 .9 ......... 2 4 ,0 0 9 .0 12,823. 9 7 ,2 5 4 .5
8 9 6 .2 4 5 .6 8 4 9 .6 8 4 9 .6
8 8 1 .7 56. C 8 1 9 .1 8 1 9 .1
1 ,2 0 3 . C 101. £ 1 ,0 9 5 .2 1 ,0 9 5 .2
1 ,4 8 6 .6 145.4 1 ,3 3 0 .1 1 ,3 3 6 .0
1 ,7 6 6 .7 168. C 1 ,5 0 7 .4 1 ,5 9 7 .3
2 ,3 3 0 .5 1 9 5 .5 2 ,1 3 4 .7 2 ,1 3 4 .5
2,9 0 7 . a 2 1 7 .5 2 ,7 3 0 .6 2 ,7 3 6 .5
3 ,0 5 2 .4 2 8 9 .5 3 ,3 6 0 . e 3 ,3 0 0 .6
4 ,3 1 9 .4 360. C 3, 9 5 1 .1 8 ,9 5 0 .6
6 ,6 1 9 . C 4 2 2 .5 5 ,1 8 7 .1 5 ,1 8 6 .8
7 ,3 0 4 .7 058. f 6, 0 9 3 .4 8 ,6 9 3 .2
7 ,9 1 3 . C 7 4 9 .7 7,151. £ 7 ,1 4 7 .0
8 ,4 2 2 .2 831. £ 7 .5 7 7 . e 7 ,5 7 7 .5
9 ,0 1 1 .2 920.3 8 ,0 7 7 .3 8, 076.5
9 .6 8 8 .2 1 ,0 0 0 .2 8, 6 7 3 .2 8 ,6 7 2 .8
1 0 ,0 0 6 .5 984.9 9 ,0 0 3 .3 9 8 .5 8 ,9 0 3 .1
1 0 ,2 0 6 .3 1 ,0 6 8 .7 9 ,2 1 5 .9 1 0 .3 9 ,2 0 5 .3
1 1 ,1 9 1 .8 1 ,1 4 0 .7 1 0 ,0 3 5 .3 3 .7 1 0 ,0 3 1 .1
1 1 ,1 3 4 .1 1 ,0 5 1 .4 1 0 ,0 3 9 .0 3 .4 1 0 ,0 3 5 .4
1 0 ,9 6 7 .1 1 ,2 0 9 .8 9 ,7 1 3 .3 3 .1 9 ,7 0 9 .0
1 1 ,0 0 5 .1 1 ,2 6 3 .2 9 ,7 8 0 .1 2 .5 9 ,7 7 7 .3
1 1 ,1 7 2 .5 1 ,2 2 4 .7 9 ,9 1 9 .8 1 .9 9 ,0 1 7 .6
1 1 ,4 0 9 .1 1, 320. 6 1 0 ,0 6 0 .0 3 .7 1 0 ,0 5 6 .0
1 1 ,6 4 4 .7 1 ,4 0 3 .8 1 0 ,2 1 3 .4 4 ,2 1 0 ,2 0 8 .9
1 1 ,5 7 2 .0 1 ,3 3 9 .3 10, 200.4 1 1 .0 1 0 ,1 0 8 .0
1 1 ,7 9 8 .8 1 ,3 4 5 .2 1 0 ,4 3 2 .8 2 .6 1 0 ,4 2 9 .9
165.2 6 5 .8 1 0 5 .4 101.6
130.6 4 3 .7 8 4 .1 8 1 .8
126.8 2 5 .0 9 7 .7 9 6 .2
165.2 3 2 .3 130.0 127.9
160.0 2 8 .6 1 2 6 .4 124.0
177.7 3 3 .0 1 3 5 .7 134.1
212.0 2 9 .8 1 7 1 .8 169.3
160.9 2 1 .3 1 2 2 .2 120,5

258 BANKING AND FINANCE
No. 26A.— A l l A c t i v e B a n k s — P r i n c i p a l A s s e ts a n d L i a b i l i t i e s , b t C l a s s
op. B a n k s : 1840 t o 1939—Continued
[All figures, except number of banks, in millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
ON OB ABOUT
JU N E 30 (SEE
HEADNOTE)—
Number
of
banks
Loans
and
discounts
>
Cash
and bal-
Invesl- ances
meats > with
other
banks *
Private banks—
C ontinued.
1025................... 528 80.5 35.2
1 0 2 8 ................. 405 03.1 35.5
1027 ______________ 467 91.2 28.7
1028 ............................ 404 86. £ 20.0
1020............... 391 94. ( 27.8
1030 .................... m .................... 65.5 21.7
1031 .................... 284 44. C 16.0
1032 .................... 227 28.5 12.5
1033 ......... . 184 22.8 10.0
1034 l»......... . m 132.5 259.3
1035 ............ . 24? 121.2 309.4
1030.............. 131 107. £ 430.6
1037............ 36 108.? 484.5
1938........... 7S 91.2 308.1
1830............ 04 71.4 542.3
27.3
28.8
20.1
10.0
20.7
18.0
12.0
7.8
8.8
00.7
91.5
142.6
158.3
130.0
134.5
Total
assets
155.2
174.2
164.1
148.8
168.5
114.6
82.1
86.4
46.0
832.7
716.8
731.2
805.1
628.1
775.2
Capital,
surplus,
Cir­
and cula­
tion'
undivided
profits *
21.2
22.8
21.0
18.4
22.0
17.3
13.4
10.6
10.0
115.1
168.1
103.8
00.0
89.4
88.0
Total
127.5
133.2
124.4
112.2
111.5
81.0
50.0
40-7
32.8
367.7
611.5
683.1
650.3
500.7
665.5
DEPOSITS
Excluding interbank
and TJ. B.
deposits
Demand
Time •
i2e .2
131.2
123.2
110.6
66.4 49.2
34.7 43.8
27.6 31.5
10.1 21.4
10.1 10.8
197.0 82.9
332.5 55.1
440.1 38.2
521.8 36.9
392.4 32.5
409.5 20.8
I Acceptances of cither banks and hills of exchange or drafts sold with endorsements are excluded for
national and State banks beginning with 1920 and for other banks beginning with 1029.
i Securities borrowed excluded for national banks beginning with 1003 and for other banka beginning wltb
1920, Not reported separately tor prior years.
5 Includes lawful reserve, exchanges for clearing house, and all cash itoms except for 1936 to 1939, for whloh
years, cash items not in prooess of collection are cxoluded.
i Includes reserve accoun ts, and for banks other than national for 1934 to 1939, capital notes and debentures.
Interest, taxes, and other expenses accrued and unpaid are excluded for national banks beginning with 1920
and for other banks beginning with 1020.
i Figures for natlonaibanks represent national bank circulation only; comparatively small amounts of
State bank notes outstanding for 1870 to 1010, for which national banks converted from State banks or
merged with State hanks assumed liability, are not included in the figures for national banks or for all
banks.
• Includes postal savings, 1 Capital only. >Includes capital only for banks other than national.
• Figures for State banks, except number of banks and capital, estimated, '»Licensed banks only.
n U, S, Government securities only.
"Includes State bank circulation outstanding.
II Inoludes loan and trust companies and, with some exceptions (see headnote), stock savings banks.
" Figures given under capital, surplus, etc., represent surplus and undivided profits, including reserves,
exceptthat they include capital for any stook savings banks Included (see headnote).
No. 265,— A l l A c t i v e B a n k s — L o a n s a n d I n v e s t m e n t s , b t G l a s s , a s o f
J t j n e 30: 1938 a n d 1939
N o t e —In millions and tenths of millions of dollars. In reports furnished for banks other than national
for some States, the classification of loans and investments is incomplete; in such cases, the distribution
hes been estimated based on classifications reported to Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
1938 1930
Loans and discounts,
total!............................. 21,811.2 21,516.3
Obligations guaranteed by
U. S. Government:
Commercial and industrial
RcconstructionFinance Oorp. 263.5 723.6
loans....................................... (!) 5,382.5
Home Owners’ Loan Corn... 1,670.2 1,909.2
Agricultural loans_____ ____ to 1,242.1
FederedFamMostgageCorp. 587.9 625.4
Open market paper.................. (») 477.6
169.6 309.2
Loans to brokers and dealers
Obligations of States and
in securities............................ (») 773.6
3,483.2 3,902.7
Other loans for the purpose of
Other bonds, notes, and debentures:
purchasing or carrying
stocks, bonds, and other
Not guaranteed by 0 . S.
securities................................ (») 861.8
Government:
Real-estate loans:
169.1 126.5
On farm land......................... 588.0 579.8
Federal intermediate credit
On residential properties___ | 8,125.1
/ 7,274.1
banks_______ ____ ___ 167.2 143.8
On other properties............... 1 1,060.6
167.7
Loans to banks......................... 135.6 63.1
Other domestic corporations;
All other loans, including over*
1,708.8
drafts...................................... 12,463.0 3,811.2
4,636.8
I.44L1
728.8
Investments, total______ 26,345.5 28,386. 8
302.0
Foreign, public and private..
276.6
270.5
TJ. S. Government direct obligations_________
____ ___ 14,083.1 15,223.3 Stocks of Federal Reserve banks
Stocks of foreign corporations..
9.7
and other domestic corporations___________________
838.3 712.3
>Includes rediscounts and overdrafts.
1 Not available.
Source Of tables 264 and 265; Treasury Department, Comptroller of the Currency; Annual Report.
1938
1930

ALL ACTIVE BANKS 259
N o. 2 6 6 .— A l l Active B a n k s — A s s e t s a n d Liabilities: 1920 t o 1939
N ora.—AU money figures in thousands of dollars. Data rolato in general to June 30, Include banks In
Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Philippine Islands, and beginning 1035, Virgin Islands, and beginning 1938,
Canal Zone, Guam, and Amorioan Samoa 1*3*7
Number of banks................................ 30,139
Assets, total................................. 62,828,247
Loans and discounts1..........................
U. S. securities, direct obligations___
Securities fully guaranteed by U. S.
Other investments...............................
Gash in vault........................................
Balances with other banks a.__...........
Miscellaneous assets.......................
liabilities, total_____ . . . . . . . . . .
Demand deposits3.............. -...............
Time deposits4...................................
United States deposits.......................
Deposits of other banks *.....................
Total deposits...............................
Interest, taxes, and other expenses
acorued and unpaid..........................
Bills payable and rediscounts, etc___
Miscellaneous liabilities.......................
Capital stock paid in 7.........................
Surplus.................................-...............
Undivided profits—net........................
Reserves for contingencies ............
Number of banks...................................
Assets, total______ __________
Loans and discounts .......................
U. S. securities, direct obligations.......
Securities fully guaranteed by U. S.
Government......................................
Other investments................................
Gash in vault....................... ..................
Balances with other banks >________
Miscellaneous assets................... .........
liabilities, total______________
Demand doposits»________________
Time deposits *------------------- ----------
United States deposits________ ____
Deposits of other banks8__________
Total deposits..............................
Interest, taxes, and other expenses
acorued and unpaid...........................
Bills payable and rediscounts, etc___
Miscellaneous liabilities................ ......
Capital stock paid in 7_____________
Surplus____________________ _____
Undivided profits—net.........................
Reserves for contingencies8................
1920 1925 1930 1935 1937 1938
28,841
61,898,134
24,079 16,053 15,580 15,341
73,402,37610,386,863
68,924,767 68,277,707
22,098, 176 21,811,161
14,669,033 14,033,068
30,860,050
8,213,094 33,598,500
4,160,478 40,510,108
8,846,938 0,410,200
2,201,560
8,038,862
1,076,378
7,291,019
2,658,844
52,828, 247
11,214,421
951,286
8,955,529
3,017,914
81,898, 134
■37,208,077 46,715,203
175,788
4,281, 359
i i , w , a .(
(«)
3,033, 999
0 2,115, 041
2,702,639
2,410, 346
. 840,998
Total, all
banks
147,220
5, 132,630
(•)
772,823
• 1,779, 768
3,169, 711
3,173,334
1,007,439
National
banks
15,14C 5,209
73,601,32C 33,180,678
21,510,271 8,673,70S
15,223.31C 6,899,88!
14,097,790
865,970
10,312,062
3,820,508
73,402,370
24,098,510
29,145,285
117,190
213,722
6,272,473
69,847,195
122,737
713,495
2,497,451
8,889,419
4,668, 099
f 1,154,804
I 268,276
Total
2,082,492
9,933,103
784,570
1,612,972
3,862,900
30,386,853
21,557,078
23,128, 115
19, 727
824,415
0,056, 788
1939
1,686, M
66,823
71, 776
827,407
3,005, 443
3,093, 562
617, 791
618,938
2,399,453
10,805, 053
958,317
14, 670,297
3,323,828
68,924, 767
2,691,194
9,571,210
1,044,251
10,420,417
3,150,400
68,277, 707
20,032,488
25,051,049 26,850.355
25,362, 713
672,885 602, 101
7,165,948 7.568,381
69,80S, 970 69,879,660
70, 959
55,857
739, 140
3,260, 660
3,700,484
787,737
497,560
Banks other than national
State
(commercial)
Mutual
savings
0,93" 0.321 552
40,420,74S 27,846,706 11,798,804
12,942,57C 7,975,752 4,895,448
8,323,431 5,288,786 2,653,735
83,244
42,47G
500,468
3,204.751
3,611,508
805,176
560,444
Private
64
776,282
71,376
380,910
3,507,51f 1,869,841 1,607,071 1,256.986 389,725 50.960
9,594,03’ 3,733,15' 5,811,78( ) 3,301,330 2.310,044 110,397
1,042,40? 630,58( 511,82! I 443,530 63,655 4,643
19,684,18! 10,544,22! 9,039,06! > 8,274,024 636,095 129,843
3.072,07' 979,18! 2,093.494 1,216,289 850,102 27,103
73,601,321 33,180,67! 40,420,74' ! 27,846,706 11,798,804 776,282
28,906,181 15,580,161 13,326,02( 12,823,915 2,565 499,540
25,786,221 8,071,991 17,714,234 7,254,603 10,429,009 29,822
786,16) 491,20! \ 293,95( ) 293,958 1
9,009,12 6,326,11 > 3,773,01' 2 3.636,570 328 136,105
64,676,69, to, i,m, Jfi. } 86,107, B&i ’ jU, 008,966 to a st, SOS 666,467
96,71<
2G,72*
806,98
3,160,09
3,551.70(
988,583
593,824
45,97! I 50,73* I 44,033
3,54! ) 23,18* I 21,160
272,07! ) 334,90i > 301,650
1,562,95! 1,597,14( ) 1,545,759
1,170,82. > 2,380,88* 1 1,318,171
449,35, I 539,23( ) 380,144
206.38 I 387,44 2 226,834
6,540
486
13,783
9,873
1,034,902
158,575
141,837
153
1,539
19,472
41,608
27,811
511
18,771
1 Includes rediscounts and overdrafts.
1 Includes reserve with Federal Reserve banks or other reserve agents, exchanges for clearing house,
cash items in process of collection, and, except for 1936 to 1939, also cash items cot in process of collection.
3 Exclusive of deposits of other banks and U. S. demand deposits.
1 Includes postal savings; excludes time balances of banks.
* Includes certified and cashiers’ checks, and, except for banks other than national for 1920 and 1926,
cash letters of credit and travelers' checks outstanding; also includes dividends unpaid for 1920 and 1926,
and dividend checks outstanding bgeinning with 1930.
* Interest, taxos, and other expenses accrued and unpaid included with miscellaneous liabilities.
7 Includes, for banks other than national for 1935 to 1939, capital notes and debentures. Common oapital
stock inoluded represents net book value for national banks, par value for other banks.
* Includes reserves for dividends prior to 1935, and for 1934 to 1939, retirement fund for preferred stock
and capital notes and debentures.
Source; Treasury Department, Comptroller of the Currency; Annual Report.

2 6 0 BANKING AND PINANQE
N o . 2 6 7 .— A l l A c t iv e B a n k s — S um m a ry, b y S t a t e s : J u n e 30, 1939
{All figures, except number of b ants, in millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
DIVISION AND STATE
OR TERRITORY
Number
of
banks
Total
assets
or liabilities
Loans
and discounts,
inch
rediscounts
and
over*
drafts
Investments
Cash
and balances
with
other
banks1
Capital,
surplus,
ana reserves
*
Total
(incl.
Interbank
and
U. S.)
DEPOSITS
Excluding interbank
and U. S.
deposits
Time
(tool.
Demand postal
savings)
15,148 78,601.3 21,510.3 28,385.8 20,626.6 8,294.2 84,570.7 28,906.2 85,786,2
16,088 78,148. 8 21,818.6 28, 293.2 20,628.7 8,238.1 64,225.8 28,762.0 25, 613. 0
Grand total...
Continental IT, S__
New England.......... 925 7,660. 9 2,767.1 3,124.8 1,338.4 920.2 8,703.0 1, 823. 2
Maine..................
4,437.4
102 386.5 108.9 199.1 07.6 52.0 333.6 74. 2
New Hampshire- 107 322.1 103.5 106.1 39,4 • 39.9 281.5 45.4 9.28 7
Vermont.............. 84 201.0 85.1 71.5 26.4 34.4 165.9 27.3
Massachusetts... 390 4, 697. 6 1,724.5 1, 829.3 881.3 540.6 4,132.0 1, 208. 3 2r 562.4
Rhode Island___ 35 559.2 171.2 283.0 74,9 73.0 479.5 128.7 340 a
Connecticut____ 207 1,494.6 674.0 574.7 248,8 179.4 1.310.6 339. 3
Middle Atlantic___ 2,384 34,128.1 9,173.6 IS, 898.4 9,436.6 4,1U. 2 29, 560.8 13,004.7
New York...........
11, 219.1
888 25, 380.4 6,996.5 0, 872.3 7,451.7 2,876.0 22,097.4 10,086. 2 7' 486.7
New Jersey......... 393 2,320. 7 660.2 998.2 489.2 202.8 2,046. 4 723.8 1,256.4
Pennsylvania___ 1,103 6,427.0 1,516.9 3,028.0 1,495.6 972.4 5,417.0 2,194. 7
East North Central— 3,110 11,392. 2 2,711.3 4,976.0 3,711.6 1,104.7 10,243.6 6,214. 8
Ohio.....................
3,592.4
705 2,778.9 844.4 1.018.5 809.4 307.0 2,459.6 1,133. 8
Indiana................
1,110.9
512 1,022.3 283.1 395.8 310.9 108.2 911.8 493.2
Illinois................. 855
329.1
4,874.3 931.3 2,083.5 1,772.3 421.0 4, 432.0 2,465.0
Michigan.............
1,065.8
456 1,683.1 394.9 726.4 524.0 163.7 1,523.1 734.1 ' 650. fi
Wiscohsi u .......... 682 1.033. 5 257.5 460.8 294. Q 114.7 916.2 388. 4
West North Central. 3,408 4,459.4 1,409.0 1, 507. 5 1,436.2 450.4 8,978.1 2,107. 6 h 19,1 ft
Minnesota_____ 683 I, 082. 8 317.9 412.1 325.7 104.2 969.4 433.4
Iowa.....................
' 392.5
048. 700.0 317.1 200.5 176.7 69.6 637.7 359.4 9.95 S
Missouri.............. 636 1,678.4 445.1 590.2 C06.9 159.4 1,501.4 757.7
North Dakota—. 169 79.6 24.4 29.1 22.0 10.5 68.9 36.1
South Dakota__ 166 101.9 38.1 32.2 27.9 12.4 89.2
Nebraska______
55.8
426 352.0 120.4 111.1 111.5 39.7 311.5
Kansas.................
190.1
680 455.8 146.9 132.3 164.5 54.6 400.0 276.1
South Atlantic____ 1,587 4, 272. 7 1,843.1 1,448.0 1,331,1 518.1 3,732.8 1,823.0 ^367 6
Delaware............. 46 280.7 78.4 107.2 08.2 47.2 212.7 127.1 SO . 9
Maryland............ 190 1,003. 7 207.4 497.4 273.6 106. 7 894.2 331. 2
Dist. of Columbia. 22 372.7 104.5 130.9 114.9 47.3 323.7 174.6 110 5
Virginia............... 315 687.2 291.5 175.7 101.9 85.8 596.1
West Virginia__
246.1
181 341.8 130.7 86.5 106.4 50.9 289.7 150.8
North Carolina.. 228 490.8 160.3 140.1 167.3 55.1 431.6 9,24 fi
South Carolina... 151 167.9 55.7 39.3 59.0 17.6
Georgia________
139.7 96.4
284 519.7 218.0 114.0 166.2 64.0 451.3 236. 5 118 0
Florida.......- ........ 170 438.1 87.6 151.9 183. B 43.0 393.3 235.5
East South Central.. 1,134 1,702.9 655. S 445.4 530.2 214.2
Kentuchy,.........
1,474.3 769.3
414 544.6 204.8 148.6 168.4 71.1
Tennessee............
463.8 243.5
299 589.4 240.8 133.2 191.5 66.6 520.3
Alabama_______
242.9
21fl 348,9 135.8 92.5 103.6 49.0 298.4
Mississippi.......... 205
160.0
220.1 73.8 71.2 66.6 27.4
West South Central..
191.8 112.9
1,602 2, 939. 6 884. 2 796.4 1,165.8 810.7
Arkansas..............
2,812. 2 1,626.6
216 202.7 74.7 50.5 72.1 25.4
Louisiana............
176.5 108.7
146 559.1 159.6 173.0 202.6
Oklahoma______
51.1 504.8 276.3
396 510.5 148.0 141.5 215.3 56.4 458.9 288.9
Mountain____ ____
Montana..............
Idaho...................
Wyoming.........
Colorado_______
New Mexico.......
Arizona_______ _
Utah.....................
N evada... .........
Pacific.............
Washington.........
Oregon.................
California.............
Canal Zone.............
Guam......................
Hawaii....................
Philippines.............
Puerto Rico
American S am o a-
Virgin Islands
844
488
113
50
58
144
41
12
59
11
450
146
75
229
1,601.2
1, 050.1
151.6
102.1
72.4
361.0
64.8
04.7
160.5
40.1
5, 637. S
507.2
328.8
4,611.3
13 10.0
21 9.3
,6
12 136.9 15
18
11
208.9
75.0
.2
1.6
502.0
293. 1
32.4
28.7
25.2
84.0
21.8
31.0
58.5
11.5
2.082.0
190.1
06.1
1,789.9
6.7
.3
.3
49.2
111,4
28.2
(I,.a
431.4
337. S
56.5
38.0
17.1
110.1
19.7
30.0
50.6
15.2
2,071.7
208.7
129.8
1,733.2
6.6
.7
.2
54.1
22.0
3.5
.1
.4
675.6
403.6
58.7
33.3
28.7
161.1
22.1
30.8
55,6
12.4
1,175.7
180.1
94.1
901.6
183.9 1,471.9
104.0 948.0
15.7 135.6
10.1 91.7
8.3 63.9
34.5 325.2
5.4 59.3
7.4 86.5
19.6 149.1
3.0 36.7
498.6 4,973.0
53.7 540. G
27.2 300.4
417.7 4,132.7
6.0 2.2 16.8
1.0
9.0
.1 .1 .4
28.3 20.8 115.4
63.0 27.0 148.5
10.9 5.7
(*) .5
(,).2
59.2
.2
1.4
952.7
551.4
83.6
59.5
36.7
184.2
43.7
53.3
69.6
20.9
1,851.8
255.8
149.0
1,447.0
8.7
2.2
.1
47.2
58.1
27.4
.1
A
85.6
479 9
167.0
98.8
67.7
477.5
46.0
113.2
RR 9,
233.2
209.5
41.3
28.9
22.0
00.2
12.3
30.2
60.3
14.3
2, 617.8
224.5
122.7
2,270.6
7.3
2.6
.3
62.4
73.1
26.4
.1
1.0
and exchanges for clearinghouse. ° aB ' oasD ms m prooess 01 couection’
! Less^than WojoOoT* “ d debentnres and retirement fund for preferred stock and capital notes, etc.
Source: Treasury Department, Comptroller of the Currency; Annual Report.

NATIONAL BANKS' 261
N o . 2 6 8 . — N a t io n a l B a n k s— A s s e t s a n d L ia b il it ie s a s o f D e c . 31: 1938
a n d 1939
N ote.—I n thousands of dollars. Includes banks in Alaska, Hawaii, and Virgin Islands
103S (DEC. 30)
1938
All
banks
Central
reserve
cities
Other
reserve
cities
Country
banks
Nonmember
banks
Number of banks............................................. 5, 230 5,193 16 241 4,930 6
Assets, total____ _________________ 81,606,177 35,319,257 0,404,208 14,272,463 11, 580,715 61,883
Loans and discounts, including overdrafts__ 8,489,120 9, 043, 632 1,688,088 3,876, 425 3,457, 235 21,884
tf. S. Government securities, direct obligations.................................................................
7,172,471 7,117,420 2, 258, 523 3,043,076 1,800,206 15,615
Obligations guaranteed by XJ. S. Government 1,533,488 1,956,515 717,636 727,951 510, 248 680
Obligations of States and political subdivisions.......................
. ...................................... 1,607,120 1,784,899 343,318 624,983 813,860 2,738
Other bonds, notes, and debentures.............. 1,918,603 1,731,837 377,679 449,290 900,944 3,924
Corporate stocks, including stock of Federal
R'oser ve banks.............................................. 227,412 220,905 111, 512 60, 250 49,111 32
Total loans and investments................... - so, m , sis 21.866.208 6, J,90,766 8,781,076 7,631,604 44, 87S
Cash in vault...................................................... 555,304 615,698 55,114 281,18C 276,046 1,369
4,775,236 6,493,702 3,104,219 2,225,920 1,163,644
Balances with other banks and cash items__ 4,375,869 5,394,123 ‘ 575', 880 2,502,318 2,216,166 9,759
Bank,promises owned, furniture and fixtures. 617,601 600, 296 99,358 222,147 277,16C 1,631
Real estate owned other than bank premises.. 146,811 131, 091 12,674 40, 27C 78,825 22
Investments and other assets indirectly representing
bank premises or other real estate__ 69, 522 65,551 995 53,811 10,745
Customers* liability on acceptances outstanding..........................................................
64, 404 55,845 31,134 23, 88C 82£ 2
Interest, commissions, rent, and other income
earned or accrued but not collected................ 60,60C 58, 033 18,431 27,75£ 11,682 161
Other assets............... ........................................ 52, 517 49, 020 9,746 23,184 15,015 1,076
Liabilities, total..................................... 31,660, 177 35, 319, 257 9,404,206 14,272,453 11, 680,716 61,833
Demand deposits of individuals, partnerships,
and corporations.................................. 12, 962, 084 14,940, 600 4,843,278 5, 732, 536 4,345,632 19,155
Time deposits of individuals, partnerships,
and corporations............................................. 7, 619, 614 7,717,408 613,08C 2, 903, 337 4,177,195 23,796
Deposits of U. S. Government, including
postal savings.................................................. 684, 932 589,IOC 90, m 343.907 143,927 4,363
Deposits of States and political subdivisions.. 2.138,982 2,080,992 315,245 841,626 919,897 4 224
Deposits of banks............................................... 4, 500,63f 5,809,785 2,481,667 2,904,138 462,423 1,557
Other deposits (certified and cashiers’ cheeks,
etc.)............................................................... 344,498 386, 017 109,523 151,423 123,124 047
Total deposits......................................... ss, 050, ere SI, 618, m 8,459,786 18, 938,966 10, rn , 198 54,042
B Ills payable, rediscounts, and other liabilities
5,60S 2,882 121 2,76]
Mortgages or other liens on bank premises
292 12C 12C
Acceptances executed by or for account of
reporting banks and outstanding................... 71,786 64,176 35,300 27,926 948 2
Interest, discount, rent, and other income
collected but not earned.................................. 29, 282 37, 700 0,232 20,882 10,580 15
Interest, taxes, and other expenses accrued
and unpaid..................................................... 40, 96C 41,031 12, 33* 18,80C 9,81C 83
Other liabilities.................................................. 139,425 156,23C 125,482 20, 335 9,40t 6
Capital stock...................................................... 1, 570,622 1, 632, 908 295,384 647,881 685,831 3,800
Surplus.............................................................. 1,149,005 1, 216, 222 342,165 428, 67( 443,026 2,365
Undivided profits............................................. 419, 65< 446,405 84,15f 179,35( 181,70( 107
Reserves..................................................... ........ 188,863 210,590 43,373 91, 619 74,325 1,373
Source: Treasury Department, Comptroller of the Currency; Abstract of Reports of Condition of Na
tional Banks,

262 BANKING AND O TANO B
No. 2 6 9 .— N a t i o n a l B a n k s — S u m m a ry , b y States: D e c . 30, 1939
N ote.—All money figures In thousands of dollars. Figures include reserve cities in each State
DIVISION A.ND
STATE OR
TERRITORY
Number
of
banks
Total
assets
or
liabilities
Loans
and
discounts
(including
overdrafts)
Investments
Cash
and
balances
with
other
banks1
Capital,
surplus,
and
reserves
>
Total
DEPOSITS
Demand
deposits
of individuals,
partnerships,
and corporations
Time
deposits
of individuals,
partnerships,
and
corporations
Total.......... B, 193 36,319,267 9,043,632 12,811,576 12,503,613 3,405,118 31,612,062 14,940,600 7,717,408
Neve England____ 322 2,403,043 760,212 70S, 515 989,030 806,068 2,186, 712 1,197,292 455,840
Maine................. 38 138; 372 39,085 55,240 40,604 18,144 119,890 39; 87£ 66,999
How Hampshire- 62 88,863 32,056 30,046 24,311 14,514 74,032 36,812 22,086
Vermont-......... - 42 08,234 26.462 22,210 17,994 10,235 57,800 18,080 35,767
Massachusetts.- 126 1,710,135 610,708 445,818 681,008 203,840 1,488,176 849,861 225,188
Rhode Island--- 12 124,474 43,722 37,879 41,147 16,922 106,968 74,563 17,484
Connecticut___ 63 382,875 os, m 117,313 133,875 42,408 818,843 178,098 88,316
Middle Atlantic__ 1,363 12,116, 643 2,604,688 4,967,947 4,195,998 1,261,946 10,860,067 6,370,364 2,242,140
New York. -___ 437, 7,627,183 1,552,483 3,068,201 2,828,361 707,439 6,748,497 3.868.449 764,669
New Jersey.. „ 22(3 981,054 244,811 405; 630 285.945 105,715 872,043 318,023 413,797
Pennsylvania.-. 603 3,608,306 8 0 0 ,2 9 4 1,494,116 1,081,702 448, 791 3,038,927 1 ,283,8 9 2 1,003,674
EastNorth Central. 883 7,203,241 1,427,083 2,881,828 2,756,406 602,369 3,577,982 8,106, lfil 1,614,798
Ohio.................... m 1,279,615 339,340 439,916 460,667 137,914 1,138,257 535,386 362,911
Indiana.............. 126 571,759 128.728 231,232 198,976 63,009 617,272 230,268 147,300
Illinois................ 327 3, SOft. 958 679.623 1,536,378 1,533,383 283, 518 3,508, 012 1,608,442 647,741
Michigan........... 82 060,596 172,067 409,145 355,078 71,512 877,081 423,657 251,854
Wisconsin.......... 106 594, 413 107, 325 264,659 207,702 56,405 536,460 218, 368 204,890
West North Central 783 0,598,216 728, 000 819,311 097,423 227,480 2,357, 657 1,031,827 494,116
Minnesota.......... 181 828,005 234, 895 281,170 203,279 74,643 744, 033 308, 202 205, 730
Iowa............ ....... 108 277, 0S3 86, 287 ' 81,288 104,690 25,232 252, 220 109,813 03,099
Missouri........ 83 797.780 193,906 245,390 348,504 58,938 736,019 309,844 109,366
North Dakota. 61) 57,343 21,469 18,873 14,756 6,232 50,886 25,448 10, 641
South D akota... 41 68, 429 25, 542 20,123 20,600 6,639 61,507 27,888 16,670
Nebraska-------- 135 204,710 90,014 92i 514 104,784 27,800 200,001 130,927 43,340
Kansas............... 182 273, 057 70, 207 79,953 110,798 27,996 245,391 119,115 36,358
South Atlantic____ 460 2,248,705 640,747 717,857 822,950 218,688 2,020,121 919,042 616,888
Delaware............ 15 24.568 8; 399 8,754 6,316 5, S79 19,145 9,355 8)624
M aryland_____ 63 420,180 66,638 207,585 138,985 31,479 387,285 150,947 95,233
Dist. of Ool........ 0 232,186 51,608 81,270 91,132 20,935 210,650 129,363 46.995
Virginia.............. 130 438,434 163.583 114,693 146,977 50,607 386,091 148,830 143,904
West Virginia... 77, 187, 807 67,190 47,576 64,812 24,149 163,176 73,915 61,670
North Carolina- 42 128,154 41,060 2 8 ,2 1 4 55,702 13,623 114,262 0 0 ,7 3 0 27,633
South Carolina.. 20 94, 755 31,001 18,108 43,650 8,553 86,057 47,957 13,737
Georgia_______ 62 374, 957 136,354 89,542 138,652 34,217 338,450 148,205 65,792
Florida.............. 62 345, 605 74,914 122,135 137,724 20,846 315,000 149, 660 62, 500
East South Central. 256 1,135, 667 399, 560 285,53$ 413,157 119,090 1.012,346 416,086 270,891
Kentucky.......... 06 208, 313 104,880 80,952 106,446 30,911 269,208 127,436 89,011
'Tennessee......... 71 488, 658 185, 734 112,007 173,824 45,651 439,252 158,429 110,002
Alabama............ 66 270, 776 88, 016 68,967 99,850 34,369 235,344 100,360 67,804
Mississippi____ 24 70, 817 20, 324 23,609 33,037 8,150 71,541 20,872 24,014
West South Central 734 % 568, 626 719, 520 669,107 1, 111, 177 244,897 2.316,341 1,131,664 342,165
Arkansas.........— 49 129, 92S 34,853 33,495 58,874 13,354 116,217 53,809 27; 107
Louisiana_____ 2t 416, 739 113,463 129,038 162,443 30,521 332,191 158,595 65,831
Oklahoma.......... 211 457.850 120,172 122,860 195.341 49.595 407,112 192; 623 65,950
Texas_________ 445 1,565,108 442,032 383,705 694,619 160, 927 1,409,821 726,627 183,207
Mountain________ 211 770,014 201,846 223,771 328,955 67,625 999, 451 344, 622 134,368
M ontana______ 42 94,257 18,348 32,018 41,416 8,600 85,392 44, 714 23,172
Idaho.................. IS 55, 748 16, 348 18,808 19,432 4,840 50,812 25,340 14,860
Wyoming........... 2t 56,476 17,030 14,039 24,613 5,783 50,451 21,561 14,863
Colorado............ 78 313,023 70,809 87,500 150,465 27,956 283, 941 145,921 70, 697
New Mexico___ 22 56,364 16,350 16, 253 22,841 4,009 52,320 . 25,097 10,005
Arizona.............. 5 69,569 27,424 17,122 23,050 5,128 63,955 34,940 16,186
U tah................... 1a 83,560 23,666 23,792 32,980 8,323 74,804 30,318 21,127
Nevada.............. 6 41,020 11,782 14,052 14,252 2,787 37,776 16,722 14,463
Paciflo__________ 172 4,126,413 1,540,192 1,516,216 924,396 849,886 3,750,371 1,404,907 1,573.424
Washington___ 46 481,964 156,664 163,627 101,492 42,081 433,001 210,141 132,469
Oregon ........... 27 302, 741 83,901 124,154 86,984 23,316 278,187 120,230 98,872
California_____ 100 3,340,711 1,299,927 1,237,435 675,914 284.439 3,034,183 1,008,536 1,342.003
Alaska___ _____ 4 8,721 2,663 1,953 3,912 845 7,876 4,388 2,308
Hawaii................... 1 51,568 18,060 20,682 9,558 6,661 44,810 14,666 20,023
Virgin Islands....... 1 1.504 561 354 648 229 1,856 211 865
1Includes reserve with Federal Reserve banlcs, oxchanges for clearing house, and cash items in process
of collection. .
5 Includes preferred stook retirement fund.
Source: Treasury Department, Comptroller of the Currency; Abstract of Reports of Condition of
National Banks.

NATIONAL BANKS 263
No. 270.— N a tio n a l B anks— C a p ital, Surplus, C a p ita l Funds, N e t Additio
n to P r o fits, D ividends, and R atios: 1896 to 1939
Note.—All figures, except ratios, in millions and tenths of millions of dollars. Net additions to profits,
are calculated before deducting dividends. Figures include data for banks in Alaska and Hawaii and,
beginning 1935, in Virgin Islands
PERIOD
(TEARS ENDED
JUNE 30)
CAPITAL, PAR
VALUE
Preferred
stook
Common
stock
Surplus
Capital
funds1
Net
addition
to
profits
DIVIDENDS
On
preferred
stook
On
common
stock
RATIOS (PERCENT)OF NET
ADDITIONS TO PROFITS
TO—
Common
capital
Common
and
preferred
capital
Capital
funds
1896-1900 (avg.) «. 026.3 249.4 972.1 57.1 45.4 9.12 5.88
1901-1905 (avg.) 2. 780.0 352.4 1,257.7 103.4 66.4 14.17 8.22
1900-1010 (avg.)8- 011.1 556.7 1,671.6 139.3 97.0 16.29 8.33
1911-1915 (avg.).. 1,047.4 700.4 2,023. 7 148.7 117.9 14.20 7.36
1016-1920 (avg.).. 1,138.0 832.3 2,307.4 217. 3 130.7 19.44 9.42
1021-1925 (avg.)-.. 1,322.7 1,069.0 % 881.4 204.6 166.4 15.47 7.10
1926-1930 (avg.).. 1,670.6 1.389.2 3,510. 2 263.0 203.9 16.81 7.62
1931-1936 (avg.)- *830.3 1,467.1 1,076.0 3,105.0 ‘ 1 0 7 .6 * 0 .6 127.8 ‘ 7.33 •0.43 3S. 37
1922...................... 1,307.2 1,048.8 2,848.5 183.7 165.9 14.05 6.45
1Q9.3 1,328.9 1,070.6 2,875.7 203.fi 170.2 16.31 7.08
1924 1,334.0 1,080.6 2i 916.2 196.7 163.7 14.67 6.71
1925...................... 1,369.4 1,118.9 2,970.1 223.9 165.0 16.35 7.54
1,412.9 1,198.9 3,080.4 240.2 173.8 17.64 8.07
1927 i, 474.2 1,256.9 3,239.5 262.3 180.8 17.12 7.79
192R 1,593.9 1,419.7 3,571.0 270.2 205.4 16.05 7.67
1929...................... 1,627.4 1,479.1 3,674.8 301.8 222.7 18.55 8.21
1930...................... 1,744.0 1,591.3 3,976.1 246.3 237.0 14.12 6.19
1931...................... 1,687.7 1,493.9 3,755.7 52.6 211.3 3.11 1.40
1932...................... 1,560.0 1,259.4 3,279.8 31 S 9 .8 169.2 3 8.9 1 6 4 .8 6
1933...................... 53.8 1,463.4 040.0 2,856.0 3£ 1 8 .4 («) 09.1 *14.93 ‘ 74.39 3 1 84
1934...................... 412.1 1,326.7 854.1 3,001.0 5 8 0 3 .6 3.4 72.4 3n . 88 ‘ 17.49 • 10.7/
1935-..................... 626.1 1,288.8 831.8 3; 086.4 71.4 10.2 87.2 5.64 3.03 2.31
1936...................... 443.5 1.254.8 973.4 3,165,7 241.7 20.4 105.2 19.20 14.23 7.03
1937...................... 299.0 1,288,7 1,073.2 3,212.2 286.6 14.6 139.0 22.24' 18.06 8.92
1038...................... 266.1 1,311.3 1,118.4 3,273.8 208.4 9.8 134.0 15.89 13.21 0.37
1939...................... 246.6 1,319.4 1,170.8 3,389.5 225.0 8,6 120.3 17.05 14.36 0.04
1Represents aggregate of capital stook, surplus, undivided profits, and reserves. In tlio years 1898 to
1933, inclusive, the amount of capital stock included in capital funds consists of the par value thereof,
whereas subsequent to 1933 only the book value of capital stock is included in capital funds.
2 Averages for years ended Aug. 31.
3 Average for period Aug. 31,1905, to June 30,1010.
* Average for 1933 to 1935.
* Deficit.
* Less than $50,000.
Source: Treasury Department, Comptroller of the Currrency; Annual Report.
No. 271.— N a tio n a l B anks— Loans and Investm ents, by C lass, as o f
D ecem ber 31: 1930 to 1939
[All figures in millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
1939
1930 1035 1936 1937 1938 (Deo. 30)
14,369,4 7, 508.8 8,271.2 8, 813.6 8,489.1 9,049.6
(a) (a) (S) (*) 3,090-6 3,489.8
M w 374.1 430.3 612.2 620.7
Real estate loans:
On farm land (including improvements)........ 301.7 209.0 210.9 216.6 225.2 232.1
On residential property (other than farm)___ } 1,274.5 1, 1 1 1 ,2 1, 2 2 1 .1 1,346.2 fl, 003.0 1,216.6
1 413.3 462.0
992,7 420.2 639.6 359. S 398.9 314.0
Other loans for the purpose of purchasing or
carrying stooks, bonds, and other securities... (>) (») W m 477.7 416.3
413,7 63.6 52.9 42.2 53.6 26.5
Oorameroial paper bought in open market......... 279.6 205.5 244.3 259.6 169.0 193.0
Acceptances of other banks payable in United
lG^G 71.7 76.6 64.9 43.0 30.8
Notes, bills, acceptances, and other instruments
evidencing loans, payable in foreign countries. 35.4
Acceptances of reporting banks purchased or
13.1
( 105.6
16,302.9
All other loans, including overdrafts_______
jlO, 902.3
1 Includes overdrafts. a Not available.
9.3
90.5
5,453.0
16.1
81.2
6,008.6
7 .2
67.1
1,848.3
6.9
54.2
1,982.2

2 6 4 BACKING AND FINANCE
N o. 2 7 1 .— N a tio n a l B anks— L o a n s a n d I n v e s t m e n t s, b y C l a s s ,
D e c b m b e b 31: 1930 t o 1939-—Continued
1930 1935 1936 1037 1938
a s of
1939
( D e c . 30)
I n v e s tm e n ts , to ta l.......... — ................... ................
7, 0 9 3 .1 11,477. 5 1 2 ,7 8 0 .0 11, 7 6 3 .0 1 2 ,4 5 9 .2 12, 811.6
U . S. G o v e rn m e n t d ire c t o b lig a tio n s ...........- ...........
O b lig a tio n s g u a ra n te e d b y TJ. S.........................
R e c o n s tru c tio n F in a n c e C o r p o r a tio n .......... .........
H o m e O w ners* L o a n C o r p o r a tio n --------------------
F e d e ra l F a r m M o rtg a g e C o r p o r a tio n ...................
O th e r G o v e r n m e n t c o rp o r a tio n s a n d a g e n c ie s .
O b lig a tio n s o f S ta te s a n d p o litic a l s u b d iv is io n s .
O th e r b o n d s , n o te s, a n d d e b e n tu r e s :
I I . S , G o v e r n m e n t c o rp o r a tio n s a n d a g e n c ie s
n o t g u a ra n te e d b y U . S .:
F e d e ra l l a n d a n d in te r m e d ia te c r e d it b a n k s »_
O th e r d o m e s tic c o rp o ra tio n s :
R a ilr o a d s .......................................................... - .............
P u b lic u tilitie s ................................................................
I n d u s tr ia ls ........................................................................
F o re ig n , p u b lic a n d p r iv a t e ..........*--------------------
C o rp o ra te sto c k s:
F e d e ra l R e s e rv e b a n k s ..................................................
O th e r b a n k s - . . . - . ..............................- ...........................
O th e r d o m e s tic c o rp o r a tio n s ......................................
2 ,6 5 4 .8 6 ,5 5 4 .8
1 ,2 5 7 .3
183.5
754.7
319.1
1 ,1 0 7 .9 1 ,4 5 2 .9
6 9 9 .1
8 1 5 .8
} 1 ,0 4 0 .4
521.1
9 9 .9
] 1 1 2 .6
40.7
194.2
1 8 .2
584.0
607. Q
428.9
163.9
7 9 .4
2 6 .3
UO. 6
7 ,3 0 0 .2
1 ,3 8 5 .4
142.7
8 9 9 .4
3 4 3 .3
1 ,5 0 3 .5
2 1 0 .0
1 4 .8
6 9 6 .1
7 2 4 .7
5 3 5 .0
162.7
7 8 .5
2 5 .6
1 4 3 .5
8 ,7 0 3 .9
1 ,3 0 9 .0
189.7
8 2 6 .8
2 9 2 .5
1 ,4 0 1 .4
2 0 9 .7
1 5 .3
623.0
579.7
4 6 8 .7
135.1
8 0 .1
2 0 .1
148.0
7 ,1 7 2 .5
1, 533. 5
2 5 7 .5
8 4 3 .0
3 3 0 .3
9 3 .7
1, 6 0 7 .1
1 5 9 .2
6 8 .0
5 6 2 .6
5 3 8 .0
/ 4 0 5 .3
I 5 6 .6
1 2 9 .0
8 1 .3
6 7 .6
8 7 .7
. 8
7 .1 1 7 .4
1 .9 5 6 .5
439.6
9 8 8 .3
288.0
240.6
1 ,7 8 4 .9
164.0
9 3 .7
515.6
4 1 0 .5
3 7 4 .5
4 7 .2
126.5
82.1
5 4 .1
8 3 .9
.8
3 Not reported separately prior to 1934.
Sourco: Treasury Department, Comptroller of the Currency; Abstract of Reports of Condition of National
Banks.
No. 272.— N a t io n a l B a n k s— F id u c ia b y A c t iv it ie s : 1930 t o 1939
[All money figures, except averages, in thousands of dollars]
YEAR ENDED JUNE 30—
Banks authorized to exercise fiduciary powers:
Number, total.......................................................
Number exercising powers.............................
Numbor having authority but not exercising
powers.........................................................
Capital, total.....................................................
Assets, total.......................................................
Trusts, individual, total number........................ ........
Living trusts........................................ -..........
Court trusts___ _______ ________ _________
Trust assets, individual, total value..................-........
Investments, total_____ _________ ________
Bonds....................................... ..................
Stocks..................................................... .......
Real-estate mortgages....................................
Real estato....................................................
Miscellaneous................................................
Deposits in savings banks__................................ .
Deposits in own banks__________ _________
Deposits in other banks.......................................
Other assets..........................................................
Trusts, corporate, number...........................................
Bond issues outstanding, bank acting as trustee___
Insurance trusts:
Number of banks administering____ ________
Number being administered...............................
Assets under administration, volume..................
Agreements not operative:
Number of banks holding...........................
Number of agreements..................................
Insurance policies held, face value................
Gross earnings of trust departments reporting lees. -
Average per trust3............................................
Average per trust department3..........................
1930 1935 1937 1938 1930
2,472 1,932 1,913 1,905 1,884
1,820 1,578 1, 551 1,543 1, 534
643 364 362 362 350
« 1,508,133 1,301, 368 1,293, 638 1,283,457
23, 529,097 22, 543,478 26,205,956 25,980,953 28,828,244
79,912 129,711 135,772 135,655 136,451
(> 69,162 70,665 68,905 70,839
m 60,549 65,107 06, 750 65,612
4,473,041 0,251,292 9,656,397 9,419, 017 9, 283,907
3, 705, 931 8,341,958 8,135,314 8,059,393 7,817,871
W 4,066,254 3,982, 282 3,918,331 3, 786,977
« 2,442,394 2, 555,195 2, 590, 944 2, 514,227
(’) 663,917 580,471 570,893 550,378
C) 597,552 595,745 594,389 573,050
(’) 571,841 421,62C 384,836 393,239
8,693 20,207 25,352 38, 940 33,014
153,516 354,343 500, 595 358, 570 355,831
15,845 8,277 11,40c 14, 296 15,004
589,055 526,507 983,734 947,812 1,062,187
11,511 16,801 15,98c 17,109 10, 750
11,803,717 11,605,145 10,670,033 10,218, 407 9,768,727
163 282 209 324 343
m 1,04! 1, 21c 1, 297 1,493
13,495 47,346 55,706 57,904 66,790
680 704 .702 704 704
13,5ii 17,68< 16, 25f 16, 071 15,533
586,706 681,142 839,827 612,34S 589,664
22,765 2 6 ,47E 33,771 33,447 31,685
$24f $18' $225 $217 $206
$14,839 $18,723 $23,962 $23, 401 $22,216
wm^ vcmj o i u j n u a , t t u u U U UIV A UC U JJIU lH O f

BAITKS 265
No. 2 7 3 .— B a n k s — N u m b e r , P e r s o n n e l , a n d Pat R o l l , b t T y p e o p B a n k ,
f o r t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1935
Note.—Data for 20 State banks and 3 foreign bank agencies, from which no reports were received, are not
included. Unit banks are individual organizations with no branches. Federal Reserve banks and their
branches and agencies and foreign bank agencies are considered as unit banks in this report. The number
of branch banks includes 890 main offices and 3,332 branches
[Fay roll in thousands of dollars]
TYPE OP BANK
NUMBER OP BANKS
Total
Unit
banks
Branch
banks
TOTAL EMPLOY­
MENT
Number
i
Pay roll
EXECUTIVES AND
SALARIED COR­
PORATION OFFI­
CERS
Number
1 Pay roll Number
i
ALL OTHER EM­
PLOYEES
Pay roll
All banks............... 19, ESI 15,359 4,222 266,458 487,695 58,482 197,318 207,976 290,378
1Count of employees as of December 1935.
»Includes 23 foreign banking agencies.
N o. 2 7 4 .— B a n k s— N u m b e r , P e r s o n n e l , a n d P a y R o l l, b y S t a t e s : 1935
N ora.—Data for 20 State banks and 3 foreign bank agencies, from which no reports were received, are cot
included. These are located as follows: New Hampshire, l; Massachusetts, 8; Rhode Island, 3; New
York, 8 (including 3 foreign bank agenoies); Michigan, 2; Arkansas, 1; Texas, 2
[Fay roll in thousands of dollars]
DIVISION AND STATE
National banks................ 6,726 5, 226 1,409 114,102 211,044 23,862 87,835 90,240 124,109
State banks...................... 11. 574 9,143 2,431 119,603 210,090 30,841 90,355 88,822 120,044
Private tanks................. 283 236 17 2, 589 4,972 251 467 2,338 4,505
Mutual savings banks... 073 492 181 13,997 31,360 2,482 12,735 11,615 18,634
Industrial and Morris
Plan banks................... 249 155 94 2, 350 3,982 521 1,714 1,829 2,208
Federal Ees. and Jointstock
land banks2____ 107 107 13,757 24,428 525 4,210 13,232 20,218
Number
of
banks
TOTAL EMPLOY­
MENT
Number
1
Pay
roll
United States......... 19,581 268,458 487,696
New England................ 1,245 21,080 41,325
Maine.......................... 164 1,315 2,190
Now Hampshire____ 112 850 1,392
Vermont___________ IOC 781 1,303
Massachusetts............ 552 12,200 24,171
Rhode Island............ 77 1,705 3.388
Connecticut______. . . 234 4,188 8,882
Middle Atlantic______ _ 3,412 94,419 197,367
Now York__________ 1,630 01.6 4 6 135,182
New Jersey_________ 643 9,131 17,706
Pennsylvania_______ 1,239 23,043 44,479
East North Central_____ 3,786 48,330 80,573
Ohio______________ 889 12,113 20,730
Indiana....................... 611 4,870 0,787
Illinois................. ........ 892 18,938 33,330
Michigan__________ C05 7,346 11,739
Wisconsin.................— 728 6,003 7,988
Vest North Central____ 3,820 28,418 39,472
Minnesota__________ 704 5,891 9,788
Iowa______________ 805 3,901 6,324
M issouri....________ 707 8,308 12,801
North Dakota______ 208 978 1,302
South Dakota_______ 214 090 1,322
Nebraska__________ 453 2,098 3.970
Kansas____ ________ 729 3,587 4,898
South Atlantic_____ . . . . 2,038 IB, 891 82,437
Delaware___________ 62 792 1,491
Maryland.................... 292 3,455 6,882
Dist. of Columbia___ 63 1,734 3,234
DIVISION AND STATE
Number
of
bauks
TOTAL EMPLOY­
MENT
Number
1
Pay
roll
South Atlantic—Con.
Virginia........................ 401 3,827 0,127
West Virginia_______ 188 1,589 2,640
North Carolina_____ 338 2,630 3,826
South Carolina______ 169 937 1,370
Georgia_____ ______ 372 3,120 4,698
Florida____________ 103 1,901 3,169
East South Central_____ 1,372 10,089 14,833
Kentucky__________ 477 3,480 5,073
Tennessee................... 393 3,062 4,530
Alabama...................... 251 2,128 3,227
Mississippi.................. 251 1,424 2,003
West South Central____ 1,825 16,131 26,210
Arkansas...................... 260 1,410 1,905
Louisiana... ............ 204 2,380 3,800
Oklahoma.................... 418 3,251 4,887
Texas......................... 943 9,084 14,558
Mountain............. ......... 814 6,667 9,343
Montana..................... 122 784 1,382
Idaho.......................... 88 607 838
■Wyoming............... — 00 439 727
Colorado___________ 108 1,909 3,282
New Mexico-—........... 44 334 528
Arizona_____ ______ 39 492 849
Utah............................ 72 854 1,495
Nevada.................... 21 148 242
Pacific .......................... 1,470 24,519 47,134
Washington..... ........— 241 3,075 5,337
Oregon......................... 140 1,921 3,122
California__________ 1,083 19,523 38,070
1Count of employees as of December 1935.
Source of tables 273 and 274: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business reports
on Banks.
207706°— 41------- ID

266 BANKING AND FINANCE
N o . 2 7 5 . — B a n k S u s p e n s io n s — N u m b e r o p B a n k s a n d A m o u n t o p D e p o s it s :
1921 to 1939
N ote.—Banks closed either permanently or temporarily, on account of financial difficulties, by order ol
supervisory authorities or by the directors of the bank
YEAR OR PERIOD
1921-1920.-1.........- ..................
1930 .............— -........
1931 .............................
1932 .............................
1933 >........................... ............
1934 .............................
1Q3fi
Itttfl .
1037........................................
1938 .................... ........
1939 .............................
Total
5, 714
1,352
2, 294
1,456
4,004
57
34
44
59
55
42
NUMBER 07 BANES
Na- '
tional
State Non*
member member
766 229
161 27
409 107
276 55
1,101 174
141414
4,719
1,104
1,778
1,125
2,729
*58
>30
*43
*53
*53
*35
DEPOSITS (IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS)
Total
1,625,468
853,363
1,690,669
715,826
3,598,975
36,937
10,015
11,306
19,723
13,012
34,998
National
363,324
170,446
439,171
214,150
1,610,549
40
6,313
507
7,379
36
1,341
State
member
128,677
202,390
293,957
55,153
783,399
Nonmember
1,133,407
480,518
957,541
446,323
1,295,027
*36,897
94,702
910,709
910,636
912,765
99,028
2
1,708
1
211
3
24,629
Total 1921 to 1939.......... 15, 111 2,728 598 11,785 8,610,092 2,812,256 1,490,133 4,307,703
i Comprises banks suspended before banking holiday, licensed banks suspended or placed on restricted
basis fallowing banking holiday, unlicensed banks placed in liquidation or receivership, and unlicensed
bonks granted licenses alter June 30,1033. At close of banking holiday (Mar. 15,1633) 1,400 national banks
w ith deposits (on Deo. 31,1632) of $1,642,674,000, and 226 State bank members with deposits of $926,777,000
had not been licensed to reopen. On Apr. 12,1933, the earliest date following the banking holiday for which
corresponding data are available regarding nonmember banks, there were in the Unitod States 1,108 unlicensed
national banks with deposits o( $1,818,541,000, 152 unlicensed State member banks with deposits
of $842,682,000, and 2,038 unlicensed nonmember banks with deposits of $1,317,007,000. By tho end of June
1933 supervisory authorities had completed their examination of all or nearly all the banks not granted
licenses immediately following the banking holiday and had authorized such of the banks to reopen as could
quality for licenses. On June 30, 1933, there remained 986 unlicensed national banks with deposits of
$1,028,347,000,114 State member banks with deposits of $236,268,000, and 1,983 nonmembor banks with deposits
of $1,063,984,000 to be rehabilitated and reopened or to be placed In liquidation or receivership. All
such banks are treated as suspensions.
a Includes 8 insured nonmember banks in 1934, 22 In 1935, 40 in 1936,47 in 1937, 47 in 1938, and 26 in 1939,
with deposits of $1,912,000, $3,763,000, $10,207,000, $10,168,600, $11,721,000, and $6,689,000, respectively.
Federal deposit insurance became operative Jan. 1,1934.
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Systom. Figures published currently in Federal
Reserve Bulletin.
N o . 2 7 6 . — S a v in g s , C e r t a i n M a j o r Ite m s , f o r t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s :
1921 t o 1939
N ote.—In millions of dollars. The last column should not be added to other items, as there is muoh
duplication between it and them. For example, banks and Insurance companies both invest their
assets In securities of corporations, On the other hand, many forms of savings, some of largo amount,
are not listed
CALENDAR
YEAR
{EXCEPT AS
NOTED)
Increase
In savings
and other
time deposits
in
banks, excluding
postal
savings1*
Increase
in postal
savings
deposits1
Increase
in assets of
building
and loan
associations
*
PREMIUMS PAID TO LIFE-INSUR­
ANCE COMPANIES, LESS OPER­
ATING EXPENSES
Total
Ordinary
companies Industrial
companies
Corporate
savings *
New
capital
issues
1fl21 1,348 IB 366 1,086 717 369 3,577
1022............. 1,094 * J5 452 1,166 747 419 1,747 4,304
1923______ 2,129 >6 600 1,295 806 489 2,528 4,304
1024..........- 1,432 1 823 1,483 916 567 1,575 5.593
1925............. 1,943 *1 743 1,690 1,043 647 2,957 6,220
1020............. 1,568 2 825 1,873 1,145 729 2,335 6,344
1927............. 1,378 13 822 2,079 1,269 81Q 1,115 7,791
1928-............ 2,323 5 860 2,206 1,372 924 2,400 8,114
1929-............ 2 679 2,430 1,433 997 2,166 10.183
1930............. 236 22 129 2,573 1,493 1,079 %4>W 7,023
1931............. *s s e 172 411 2,730 1,688 1,142 ‘ 7, sir 3,116
1932............. 4 4, *64 437 ‘ 667 2, 594 1,449 1,145 ‘ 8,001 1,192
1938............. ‘3,308 402 776 2,421 1,367 1,054 u , m 710
1934............. 788 n ‘ 567 2,564 1,487 1,077 ‘ 1 ,4 8 8 1,386
1936............. 1,138 7 ‘ 668 2,034 1,831 1,103 ‘ 1,163 1,412
1936............. 093 27 • m 2,595 1,441 1,158 ‘ 800 1,973
1937---------- 1,097 30 86 2,588 1,392 1,196 ‘ 860 2,101
1938 147 4 18 « 84 2,634 1,414 1,220
I 2,354
1939............. 482 10 46 2,640 1,414 1,226
2,293
1 Based oh figures shown In table 278 deducting postal savings deposited in banks,
1 Data are for fiscal years ended June 30. 1 Includes data for fiscal years for some States.
1 Not profit less cash dividends and income and profits tax as compiled from income tax returns.
■Decrease.
Sources: See sources of tables 198,278, 286, 287,320, and 342.

SAVINGS DEPOSITS 267
No. 277.— S a v in g s B a n k s — N u m b e r o f D e p o s i t o r s a n d A m o u n t o f S a v in g s
D e p o s i t s , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1820 t o 1910
Note.—Data tor later years are as of June 30 or about June 30. In earlier years reports were of various
dates. Prior to 1900 data include both mutual and stook savings banks; beginning 1900 they are for
m utual savings banks only, which in that year had about 90 percent of the savings deposits in all
savings banks. For figures for later years and also savings deposits in all classes of banks, see
table 278
[Depositors in thousands, deposits in millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
YEAR
Savings
deposits
YEAH
Savings
deposits
TEAR
Depositors
Depositors
Depositors
Savings
deposits
1820.................. 9 1.1 1888.
1830 38 7.0 1889.
1840 70 14.1 1890.
18J10 25i 43.4 1891.
18/10 604 149.3 1802.
1808 981 242.6 1893.
1870.................. 1,031 649.9 1894.
1875.............. 2,300 924.0 1895.
1880.................. 2,886 819.1 1890.
1885.................. 8,071 1,095. 2 1897.
1886................ 3,159 1,141. 6 1898.
1887.................. 8,418 1,235. 2 1899.
3,838 1,304.2 1900.................. 5,370 2,134.6
4,022 1,425.3 1901.................. 5,612 2.260.3
1,259 1,524.8 1902.................. 6,871 2,280.2
4.633 1,023.1 1903.................. 6,117 2,512.6
4,782 1,712.8 1901-................ 6,280 2,602.0
4,831 1,785.2 1905.................. 6,404 2,736.5
4,778 1,748.0 1906................. 6,763 2,008.7
1,876 1,810.0 1907................. 7,071 8,055.3
5,005 1,907.2 1908................. 7,137 3,005.7
5.201 1,930.4 1909................. 7,205 3,144.6
5, 239 2,027.2 1910................. 7,182 3,300.0
5,524 2,179. 5
Sourco: Treasury Department, Comptroller of the Ourrenoy; Annual Eoport.
No. 278.— S a v in g s a n d O t h e r T im e D e p o s i t s a n d D e p o s i t o r s i n B a n k s ,
C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1910 t o 1939
N o t e ,— Savings and other time depositors in State banks and trust companies, stook savings and private
banks, are not shown for earlier years, as data are very lnoomplete. Figures for this class of banks and
totals exclude 0 States in 1920 and 1927, 4 in 1928 to 1930, 3 in 1931, 2 in 1932 and 1933, and 1 in 1934 to
1937, and include for a number of others incomplete or estimated data or data for an earlier year
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1915.
1916.
1917.
1918.
1919.
1920.
1921.
1922.
1923.
1921.
1925.
1920.
1927.
1928.
1929.
1930.
1931.
1932.
1933.
1931.
1936.
1936.
1937.
1938.
1939.
ON OR ABOUT
JUNE SO—
SAVINGS AND OTHER TIME DEPOSITS
(MIXTIONS OP DOLLARS)
All
banks
6,835
7,903
8,101
8,518
8,712
8,807
9,169
10,870
11,635
13.010
15.189
10,601
17,679
19,727
21.189
23,131
21,696
20,091
28,413
28,218
28,179
28,220
24,281
21,126
21,753
22.011
23,161
21,192
21,620
25,081
Mutual
savings
banks
« (*)
3,159
3,609
3,812
3,910
3,915
4,102
1,339
1,382
1,732
6,058
5,568
5,818
0,273
6,693
7,162
7,526
8,040
8,668
8,901
9,206
10,031
10,010
9,700
9,803
9,872
10,010
10,101
10,151
10,385
State,
etc.,
banks!
(')
3,021
3,200
3,308
3,318
3,611
3,641
4,361
4,817
5,532
6,608
7,255
7,687
8,707
9,337
10,172
10,993
10,963
11,696
11,126
11,170
10,111
7,283
5,453
5,452
6,873
6,265
6,791
6,876
7,003
National
banks
1,011
1,480
1.530
1,309
1,451
1,321
1,716
2,173
2,330
2,770
3,103
3,677
4,071
1,680
6,158
6,810
6,178
7,088
8,060
7,889
8,097
8,045
6,968
6,912
6,198
0,860
7,188
7.531
7,699
7,693
SAVINGS AND OTHER TIME DEPOSITORS
(THOUSANDS)
All
banks
16,702
18,356
• 53,188
52,761
62,729
151,399
« 11,352
39,252
• 39,562
41,315
42,397
14,226
11,549
16,120
Mutual
savings
banks
(*)
7,001
8,031
7,901
7,043
7,917
8,051
8,326
9,040
9,079
9,002
9,687
10,015
10,381
10,639
10,060
11,190
11,613
11,875
12,077
12,511
12,735
12,995
13,312
13,115
13,374
13,626
14,132
11,103
State,
etc.,
banks 1
23,212
22,828
•26, 361
26,467
26,115
•23, 662
•17,520
11,286
•12,734
13,631
13,988
14,977
11,549
15,303
National
banks
2,087
2,311
2,075
2,906
(») 6,763
7,980
8,109
8,873
11,068
11,865
12,570
11,337
10,181
'16,122
' 16,537
' 16,193
'14,097
' 11,978
'13,480
' 14,269
»15,035
'16,723
' 15,858
'15,924
' Includes deposits evidenced by savings passbooks, time certificates of deposit payable in 30 days or overtime
deposits, open account, postal savings redeposited in banks, and, for some States, Christmas savings,
and similar accounts.
• Includes State, stock savings, and private banks and trust companies.
1 Combined data for other than national hanks included in total.
• For data for 1910 and earlier years from reports of the Comptroller of Currency, see table 277.
• N ot available.
• Figures include depositors for State-chartered hanks In States which did not previously report depositors
as follows (figures in parentheses are the number of depositors for the first year the given States reported):
Beginning 1928, Ohio and Idaho (2,376,000 depositors); beginning 1931, Missouri (023,000 depositors); beginning
1032, Colorado (60,000 depositors); and beginning 1931, Indiana (286,000 depositors).
’ Represents the number of savings passbook accounts.
Source: American Bankers’ Association, Savings Deposits and Depositors.

268 BANKING AND FINANCE
No. 279.— S a v in g s a n d O t h e r T im e D e p o s i t s a n d D e p o s i t o r s I n A l l B a n k s
a n d T r u s t C o m p a n ie s , b y S t a t e s a n d f o r H a w a ii, o n o r A b o u t J u n e
30: 1910 t o 1930
DIVISION AND STATE
SAVINGS AND OTHER TIME DEPOSITS
(MILLIONS AND TENTHS 01* MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
SAVINGS AND
OTHER TIME DE­
POSITORS
(THOUSANDS)
1910 « 1920 m s 1930 1935 m s 1939 1838 1930
Continental IT. S. 6,835,5 15, 188.6 23,134.1 28,478. 0 22, 814.0 24,625.6 25,080,9 44, 549 45,420
New England.......... 1,480.6 2,639.9 3,750.2 4,832. S 4,303.8 4,392.8 4,423.4 6,933 6,956
Maine—................ m o 204.0 265.7 319.3 235.4 246.2 248.0 543 545
New Hamnshire.. 88.7 147.8 190.5 227.1 217.7 223.9 228.2 368 371
Vermont.............. 74.3 133.1 173.4 205.1 143.7 138.1 136.2 278 208
Massachusetts__ 783.0 ■1,471.0 2,139.5 2.800.1 2,507.5 2,543.9 2,560.9 3,730 3,743
iRhode Island___ 123.9 215.4 299.2 372.0 334.1 337.1 330.5 589 602
Connecticut 281.5 407.5 681.0 908.2 865.3 903.4 921.7 1,424 1,426
Middle Atlantic-___ 2,098.4 4,706.3 8,778.0 11,789.6 10,307.9 10.918.1 11,040.4 17,789 17,789
New York______ 1,825.3 2, 807.8 5,546.1 7,016.2 6,935.0 7,328.0 7,412.2 10,400 10,543
New Jersey_____ 234.4 576.9 1,040.0 1,397.3 1,175. 5 1.211.0 1,231.1 2,513 2,484
Pennsylvania___ 692.7 1,320.6 2,187.5 2,776.1 2,197.4 2,379.0 2,397.0 4,810 4,762
East North Central.. 1,082.1 2,779.3 4,074.3 4,817.2 2,718.1 3,376.2 3, 507.3 . 7,804 8,100
Ohio..................... 334.0 811.9 1,164.1 1,410.8 805.1 1,001.6 1,079.3 2,419 2,373
Indiana................ 76.4 281.2 259.5 301.1 246.0 317.1 328.0 C01 015
Illinois_________ 351.7 085.1 1.258.6 1,306.9 781.4 964.0 1.020.3 2,358 2,386
Michigan............. 102.7 051.3 939.0 1,150.9 437.5 000.5 046.4 1,452 1,566
Wisconsin............ 128.3 340.8 463.1 521.fi 351.6 427.1 432.8 1,034 1,169
West North Central— 609.6 1,803.1 1,870.1 1, 734.5 975.3 1.089. 8 1,118.0 2,648 2, 623
Minnesota 140.7 485.3 630.0 507.1 345.6 388.0 391.5 897 802
Iowa-................... 194.6 551.4 524.9 405.2 169.9 215.0 225.5 492 505
M issouri............ 113.3 247.4 372.2 391.3 259.0 294.5 304.8 772 743
North Dakota___ 34. 4 121.5 06.0 57.fi 31.2 28.7 28.2 53 54
South Dakota___ 39.1 134.9 102,1 07.4 25.5 25.0 20.7 01 52
Nebraska............. 64.0 166.4 213.2 137,0 06.7 02.8 03.0 174 169
Kansas................. 33.4 107.2 131.2 109.0 77.4 75.1 78.4 200

SAYINGS DEPOSITS 269
No. 280.— M u t u a l S a v in g s B a n k s — N u m b e r o r S a v in g s D e p o s i t o r s a n d
A m o u n t o p S a v in g s D e p o s i t s o n o r A b o u t J u n e 30, b y S t a t e s : 1937, 1938,
a n d 1939
N ote.—T here are no mutual savings banks in States not shown
[Deposits in thousands of dollars]
DIVISION AND STATE
DEPOSITORS
DEPOSITS
1937 1938 1939 1937 1938 1939
ContinentalUnitedStates. 13,626,426 14,132,117 14, 198,058 10,163,740 10,151,410 10,384,874
New England........................... 4,620,869 4,582,501 4,674,114 3,417,963 3,394,072 3,412,100
Maine.................................. 241,661 243, C28 246,816 127,225 126,930 128,355
New Hampshire................. 235,206 236,025 237,780 167,498 166,902 160,885
Vermont............................. 103,035 100,703 91,138 64,274 61,300 57, Oil
Massachusetts.................... 2 .8 4 8 ,8 8 8 2,816,889 2,817,444 2,103, 834 2.144,444 2,152,061
Rhode Island______ ____ 210,902 209,130 212,994 176,102 170, 023 177,583
Connecticut........................ 981,611 976,120 968,042 719,030 718,473 726,305
Middle Atlantic____________ 7,858,327 8,667,321 8,748,088 6,129,188 6,220,784 6,428,662
New York......................... 0,467,563 7,100,547 7,262.677 i 6,240,087 5,330,851 6,614,825
New Jersey......................... 493,626 556,824 492,302 300,397 303,956 310,934
Pennsylvania..................... 997,148 1,009,950 988,104 573,702 579,077 503,003
East North Central__________ m t 191 219,332 210,053 143,033 145, 519 144,759
Ohio................................... 170, 687 170,717 165,448 118,614 121,003 121,730
Indiana................-............. 30,098 27,591 23,667 20,087 20,037 18,555
Wisconsin........................... 21,408 21,024 20,938 4,432 4,479 4,468
West North Central____ _____ 90,043 87,705 86,560 66,412 65,290 66,109
Minnesota.......................... 90,043 87,705 86,560 66,412 65,290 66,109
South Atlantic______________ 4GB, 250 485,547 488,249 256,486 260.042 263,304
Delaware............................ 54,243 55,200 66,430 35,422 30,896 38.953
Maryland........................... 405,007 410,338 411,819 221,064 223,146 224,361
Pacific____________________ 176,761 109,711 110,009 150,660 66,708 60,940
Washington....................... 106,043 107,710 108,714 61,361 63,875 67,654
Oregon................................ 1,773 2,001 2.285 1,522 1,828 2,286
California............................ 67, 035 (*) m 87,777 (>) p )
■As of Jan. 1,1037.
1 *3No mutual savings banks.
Source: American Bankers' Association, Savings Deposits and Depositors.
No. 281.— S a v in g s D e p o s i t s a n d D e p o s i t o r s i n A l l A c t i v e B a n k s , C o n t i ­
n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s , o n o r A b o u t J u n e 30: 1932 t o 1939
N o t e .—Savings deposits, as shown in the following tabic, inoludo doposits evidenced by savings passbooks
and time certificates of deposit. They do not include time deposits, open account, postal savings deposited
in banks, and Christmas savings and similar accounts. Data beginning 1 M3 rolato to licensed banks only
YEAR
SAVINGS DEPOSITS
SAVINGS DEPOSITS
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Savings
deposi-
Savings
Evi- tors i YEAR AND CLASS OF Evidenced
Time (thou- BANK denced Time tors 1
deposi­
Total by certif- sands) Total by cortifsavings
icates of
savings icatcs of sands)
(thou­
pass- deposit pass- deposit
hooks
books
1932.
1933.
1934.
1936.
1936.
1937.
1938.
22,596 20,495 2,101 43,021 1039.......................... 24,118 22,903 1,214
19,379 17,706 1,613 35,729
20,495 19, Oil 1,484 38,530 National banks......... 7,304 6, 753 551
21,730 20,090 1,640 30, 794 State (commercial)
22,604 21,014 1,590 41,094 banks3.................... 6,420 5,761 660
23,426 22,082 1,343 42,645 Mutualsavings banks 10,382 10, 382
23,587 22,332 1,256 41,874 Privafco banks............ 11 7 4
42,793
16,924
13,679
13,266
23
i Represents number of savings passbook accounts.
>Includes stock savings banks and loan and trust companies.
3 Less than $500,000.
Source: Treasury Department, Comptroller of the Currency; Annual Report.

270 b a n k in g a n d f in a n c e
\
N o . 282.— I n s u r e d a n d N o n i n s u r b d B a n k s — N u m b e r o f B a n k s a n d A m o u n t
o p D e p o s its , b y S iz e o p D e p o s its : J u n e 30, 1939
[Amount of deposits in millions and tenths of millions of dollars. Date for banks in Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto
Rico, and Virgin Islands are included]
CLASS o r BANK
All
banks 100
and
under
SIZE OE DEPOSITS CLASSES (IN THOUSANDS OS' DOLLARS)
100 to
250
250 to
500
600 to
1,000
1,000
to
2,000
2,000
to
5,000
5.000
to
10.000
10,000
to
50,000
60,000
and
over
Humber of banks..- 116,137 821 2,842 3,256 3,036 2,171 1,605 627 561 170
Commercial banks........... 114,685 821 2,838 3,253 3,012 2,110 1,461 513 395 128
Insured.......................... 113,571 508 2,623 8,105 2,020 2,077 1,427 501 380 124
Member oi Federal
Boserve System.. i 0,330 35 463 1,117 1.52Q 1,201 1,043 418 321 118
National................. 6,203 29 305 933 1,281 1,115 851 309 220 70
State........................ 11,127 6 68 184 239 176 192 109 101 48
Nonmember............... 17,241 473 2,060 1,938 1,400 786 384 83 69 6
Noninsured ................. 11, 014 313 315 148 02 42 34 12 15 4
Mutual savings banks__ 552 4 C 24 52 144 114 160 42
4£ 1 2 5 6 13 8 8 6
503 3 4 19 40 131 100 168 36
Deposits8________ 04,416. 8 56.6 494.4 1,182.1 2,167.5 S, 087.0 4,914.5 4,403.8 11,848, 9 36,281,5
Commercial b an k s......... 53,984. 9 55.0 493.0 1,180.0 2,148.5 2,988.7 4,441.0 3,579.4 8,159.0 30,938.8
Insured.......................... 62,328.8 37.5 443.7 1,127.5 2,084.8 2,080. S 4,336.2 3,494.0 7,764.3 30,109.0
Member of Federal
Eeseryo System.. 45,873.1 2.7 80.5 417.: 1,104.5 1,820. e 3,198.5 2,938.2 0,071.3 29,627.7
National................ 20,415. 2.1 74. ( 348. { 931.! 1,574.4 2,601.2 2,158.0 4,500.9 17,223.6
Stato........................ 16,467. f .5 12.5 68. < 172.’ 262.! 597.3 779.6 2,170. a 12,404.1
Nonmember............... 0,453.6 34.7 357.2 710.2 980.! 1,104.2 1,130.8 555.8 1,093.0 481.3
Noninsured................... 1 058.: 18.1 60.2 52.6 03.! 67. f 106.8 86.4 394.8 829.7
Mutual savings banks__ 10,430, ‘ .1 2.: 19. ( 78.! 473. f 824. i 3,089. a 6,342.7
1,246.0 .......
A 4.2 9.5 40.7 61.8 185. C 943.9
Noninsured................. 9 ,1 8 4 .4
.4 1.3 14.7 68.8 432.9 762.6 3,504.8 4,398.0
1Includes figures for 0 insured commercial banks (4 State bank members of the Federal Reserve System
and 2 banks not members oi the Federal Reserve System) with no deposits and 30 noninsuied commercial
banks for which deposits are not available,
a Excludes figures for 30 noninsured commercial banks for which data are not available.
Source*. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Annual Report.
No. 283.— I n s u r e d C o m m e r c ia l B a n k s — P r i n c i p a l A s s e t s a n d L i a b i l i t i e s ,
a s o p D e c . 31: 1938 a n d 1939
N ote.—All figures, except number of banks, in millions of dollars. Includes 3 insured national banks in
the Territories and possessions not members of the Federal Reserve System. Excludes 2 insured State
banks not members of the Federal Reserve System for 1038 and 3 for 1030 i
1938 1839 1938 1930
13,650
56,800 13,536
63,147
Demand deposits of individuals,
partnerships, and corporations...
Tune deposits of individuals, part*
56,800 63,147
Loans* and discounts, including
23,477 27,197
16,024 16,866
Direct obligations of the TJ. S. 14,013 14,471
11,939 12,153 TJ. S. Government deposits............ 838 790
Obligations guaranteed by the
Deposits of other banks; States
2,568 3,414 and political subdivisions; cash
Other bonds, stocks, and securities~ 0,944 0,860 letters of credit; certified, officers*,
and travelers’ checks 050 1,067
out-
Balances with othej; blanks,jnclud- 11,461 13,618
banks, and cosh items in process 4 9 ,7 7 9
10,226
586 6 6 ,0 546
7 6
2,140 20,808 Miscellaneous liabilities_________
1,977 Capital stock *............................... 2,982 2,914
2,347 2,443
Undivided profits____________ 742 789
Reserves for contingencies and
other capital accounts_________ 366 378
i Includes capital notes and debentures.
Source: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Annual Report and report on Assets and Liabilities
of Operating Insured Banks.

INSURED AND NONINSURED BANKS 271
N o . 2 8 4 .— I n s u r e d a n d N o n i n s t j r e d C o m m e r c ia l B a n k s — N u m b e r o f
B a n k s a n d A m o u n t o f D e p o s i t s , b y S t a t e s : J u n e 30, 1939
n rv rs ro N a n d
STATE
NUMBER OF
BANKS, JUNE
30—
DEPOSITS (THOU­
SANDS OF DOLLARS)
Insured
banks
Insured
Noninsured
Noninsured
banks
DIVISION AND
STATE
NUMBER OF
DEPOSITS (THOU­
BANKS, JUNE
30—
SANDS OF DOLLARS)
Insured
banks
Insured
Noninsured
Noninsured
banks
Total............ ‘ 13,571 >1,014 52,326,764 1,658,182 South Atlantic—
Continued.
New England__ 503 49 3,040,070 225,291 N. Carolina__ 220 7 423,648 7,697
M aine---------- 01 0 189,109 10,100 S. Carolina... 109 41 132,404 7,646
N.IIampshire. 66 8 81,792 6,660 Georgia.......... 200 >81 447,964 5,575
76 108,376 161 3 391,101 2,190
Massachusetts >193 '7 1,922,808 58,181
Rhode Island. 16 7 238,329 63,651 E. S. Central....... 1,066 03 1,455,710 18,023
Connecticut.. 102 18 499,000 80,799 Kentucky___ 373 36 454,030 8,629
Tennessee___ 290 9 617,047 2,602
Middle Atlantic. 2.1M 50 22,238,380 873,284 Alabama........ 2 0a e 296,211 2,160
N ew York___ 730 18 15,839,717 814,773 Mississippi... 194 11 187,216 4,572
New Jersey.— 359 6 1,701,462 2,301
Pennsylvania. ‘ 1,003 >26 4,697,220 56,210 W. S . Central__ 1, 610 103 2,589,213 26,966
Arkansas____ 208 6 175,706 746
E. N. Central___ 2,088 108 10,014,125 59,805 Louisiana....... 145 1 504,305 348
Ohio............. 683 ID 2,332,688 4,532 Oklahoma___ 382 14 456,803 2,117
476 2D 870,489 12,434 781 >82 1,462,399 22,744
Illinois______ 1835 17 4,423,653 17;185
431 >32 1,473,517 21,440 478 10 942,426 5,664
563 11 904,778 4,294 113 135,577
Idaho_______ 48 2 88,4 7 4 3,248
2,068 4 44 3,609,201 126,249 58 63,860
Minnesota___ *648 32 893,348 10,136 Colorado____ 137 7 323.309 1,867
Iowa............... 583 >70 008,056 32,282 New Mexico.. 40 1 58,862 459
500 3fl 1,496,090 5,386 12 86,509
159 13 67,674 21,040 Utah 59 140,133
165 1 88,688 *513 11 36,696
Nebraska........ 367 59 303,076 8,471
456 224 351,669 48,412 410 13 4,854,889 48,668
Washington.. 137 4 ■462,637 10,283
South Atlantic__ 1,481 144 3,375,369 93,961 Oregon_____ 71 2 293,895 4,211
Delaware____ 42 2 173,303 322 California___ 1202 7 4,098,357 34,194
M aryland___ 175 2 603,132 60,486
22 323,682
Virginia.......... 313 1 595,124 148 possessions... 4 30 7,353 181,252
W , Virginia... 173 7 285,011 3,998
i Includes 6 banks with no deposits, distributed as follows; California, 1; Illinois, 1; Massachusetts, 1;
Pennsylvania, 3.
3 Includes 30 banks for which deposit figures are not available, distributed as follows: Georgia, 14; Iowa, 4;
Massachusetts, 1; Michigau, 4; Pennsylvania, 6; Texas, 11.
Source: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Annual Report.
N o . 2 8 5 .— B u i l d i n g a n d L o a n A s s o c i a t i o n s — F a i l u r e s : 1920 t o 1939
[Liabilities and estimated loss in thousands of dollars. Liabilities not available prior to 1030]
TEAR
Number
failed
Estimated
loss
TEAR
Number
failed
Liabilities
Estimated
loss
1920 2 1 193ft 190 80,438 24,676
1021. .. 6 92 1931 120 61,909 22,328
1022................. 4 159 1932 . 122 52,818 20.337
1023 9 133 1933............................... 88 215,517 43,955
1024. ... 18 398 1934 68 34,728 10,174
1926............................... 26 500 1935............................... 239 31.946 15,782
1926............................... 12 381 1936............................... 144 20,310 9,052
1027............................... 21 1,013 1937.............................. 269 44,739 16,775
1028......................... . 23 *568 1938............................... 277 30,025 11,281
1020 159 2,313 1939.............................. 183 84,901 27,040
Source; United States Building and Loan League, Secretary's Annual Report*

2 7 2 BANKING AND FINANCE
No. 286.— B u i l d i n g a n d L o a n A s s o c i a t i o n s — N u m b e r , M e m b e r s h ip , A s s e t s ,
a n d L o a n s , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s , 1895 t o 1939, a n d b y S t a t e s a n d
f o r A l a s k a a n d H a w a i i , 1937 a n d 1938
N om .—Mortgage loans and assets in thousands of dollars, Figures for most States are as of Deo. SI; for
YEAR
(SEE NOTE)
ms.
1900.
1905.
1010.
1915.
1920.
1922.
1923.
1924.
1926.
19211.
1927
Members
Total
assets
2EA.lt
(SEE NOTE)
Associations
Associations
Members
Total
assets
6,973 ' I, 645,120 024,700 1928_______ 12. m 11,006,905 8,016,034
5,490 1 1,495,136 614,119 1929______ 12,342 12, 111, 209 8,695,154
5,326 1,686.61J 640,765 1930___ _ 11,767 12,336,754 $834,129
6,937 2,216,912 946,560 1031______ 11.432 11,324,698 8, 412,360
6,806 3,334,899 1,484,206 1932______ 10,086 10,102,258 7,745,282
8,624 6,026,781 % 534,320 1933_______ 10,7X6 9,196,093 6,972,243
10,009 6,364,144 3.342,531 19343........... 10,009 8,342, 566 6,445,270
10,744 7,202.880 3,942,940 1935 *........... 10, 521 7,032,804 5, 883, 590
11,844 S, 654, 362 4, 765, 937 1936*........... 10, 243 6,101, 70S 5, 619,954
12,403 9, 886,907 5,609,170 1937 *........... 9,751 6, 210,413 6, 705, 559
12,626 10,

POSTAL SAVINGS' SYSTEM 273
N o. 2 8 7 .— P o s t a l S a v in g s B u s in e s s — Su m m a r y : 1911 to 1940
Noth.—In addition to main offices thore were 802 branches and stations in operation on June 30, 1939.
Data include Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands
[All money figures', exoept average prinoipal per depositor, in thousands of dollars]
YEAR ENDED
JU N E 30—
Offices
in
operation,
Deposits
June30
Withdrawals
Balance
to
credit
of depositors,
June 301
Number
of depositors,
June 30
AMOUNT OP SAVINGS
STAMPS
Sold
Redeemed
Outstanding,
June30
Average
principal
per depositor
Balance
on deposit
in
banks,
June 30
1911............. 400 778 101 077 11,918 $57 5 3 2 572
1015.............. 8,832 70,315 48, 074 65,685 525, 414 125 157 150 56 60,086
1920.............. 5,583 139,209 149, 256 157, 276 508,508 309 72 69 59 126,426
1922.............. 6,020 96, 508 111, 101 137,736 420, 242 328 74 68 62 44,160
1023.............. 6,047 88, 008 94, 073 131, 871 417, 902 315 78 77 63 61,844
1924.............. 5,995 94,933 93,790 132,814 412,584 322 69 69 63 96] 370
1025.............. 5,896 89, 708 90,349 132,173 402,325 329 52 54 01 97,898
1026.............. 5,853 90,751 88,746 134,179 399, 306 336 44 47 59 101,176
1927.............. 5,896 103, 607 90,426 147,359 411,394 358 38 38 58 114,597
1928.............. 5,897 96,386 91,602 152,143 412, 250 369 34 35 58 118, 715
1929.............. 5,976 112,446 110,945 153,645 410,584 369 28 28 57 127,639
1930.............. 5,998 159,959 138.332 175, 272 46G, 401 376 26 26 58 148,255
1931.............. 6,666 366,901 194.756 347,417 770,859 451 28 27 58 306,120
1932.............. 6,743 860, 196 422, 792 784,821 1, 545, 190 508 36 34 60 681,727
1933.............. 7,071 1,160,327 763, 961 1,187,186 2,342, 133 507 45 42 64 976,377
1934.............. 7,247 9GG, 651 955,917 1,197,920 2, 502,082 468 56 64 67 094,575
1935.............. 7,301 944,9G0 938,017 1,204,863 2, 598, 391 464 62 59 69 384,510
1936.............. 7,299 933,071 906. 261 1, 231,673 2,705,152 455 64 60 73 203,010
1937_______ 7,266 972,743 936,743 1,2G7,674 2, 791,371 454 62 59 76 136,095
1938.............. 7,245 929.480 945,365 1,251,799 2,741,509 457 58 58 76 114,055
1939_______ 7,162 897,339 886,846 1,262, 292 2,767, 417 456 59 57 78 68,267
1940.............. (?) & 1,293,409 (»S « m
1Includes small amounts, shown on balance sheet as unclaimed, not included in table 288.
3 Not available.
N o. 2 8 8 .— P o s t a l Sa v in g s D e p o s it s a n d D e p o s it o r s , b y S t a t e s
BTATE OR TERRI­
TORY
N u m b e r
of d e ­
p o sito rs,
J u n e 30,
1939
BALANCE TO CREDIT
OP DEPOSITORS
(THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS), JU N E
30—
STATE OR TERRI­
TORY
N u m b e r
of dep
o sito rs,
J u n e 30,
1939
BALANCE TO CREDIT
OP DEPOSITORS
(THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS), JU N E
30—
19S8 1939 1938 1939
G ra n d to ta l____ 2, 767,417 1, 251,723 1, 262, 188 S. A tlan tic— C o n .
C ont’l TJ. S—............... 2, 762, 218 1,248,273 1,258,708
W e st V irg in ia___ 14,126 7,654 7,257
N o r th C a r o lin a - - 41,695 14,588 14,127
77,600 48,176 46,112
12,625
M a in e ........................ 4,342 2,005 1,984
139,779 32,243 32,510
N e w H a m p s h ir e . 3,465 1,898 1,808
S o u th C a r o lin a - _ 39,930
33,338
15,405
12, 630
15,542
V e r m o n t.................. 995 631 530 E. S o u th C e n tra l___ 81, 677 34,453 36,068
M a s s a c h u s e tts ... 43,418 28,083 27,895 K e n tu n lry 18,501 8,680 10', 568
R h o d e I s la n d ____ 3,682 1,710 1,745 T e n n e sse e ________ 17,036 8,763 8,817
21,698 11, 949 12,150
28,311 9,307 9,344
M id d le A tlan tic------ 442, 758 190,937 191,484
M ississip p i............. 17,729 7,803 7,338
N e w Y o r k ............... 239.160 98,051 97,822 W. S o u th C e n tra l___ 180, 634 78,903 77, 541
N e w J e rs e y ............. 68,572 32,746 34, 441
28,434 12,771 12,953
P e n n s y lv a n ia ____ 136,026 60,140 59,222 L o u is ia n a ................ 18,366 8,854 8,749
E„ N o rth C e n tra l___
O k la h o m a
859,065 415,227 423,271
40,571 21,546 20,932
142,460 69,219
T e x a s ....................
67,144
84,263 33,731 34,907
I n d ia n a ......... ...........
M ic h ig a n ________
85,170
375,089
194,847
60,599
38,283
173,886
96,845
36,995
40,441
178,808
98,178
38,700
129,071
25,818
17,013
8,971
56,974
12,875
6,499
3,824
56, l ie
12,448
6,205
3,756
W. N o rth C e n t r a l ... 392.360 212, 438 210,640 C o lo rad o .................. 37,092 18,635 18,880
M in n e s o ta .............. 63, m 40,374 38,915
N e w M e x ic o .......... 10,009 3,784 3,709
102,377 59,419 59,224 A rizo n a __________ 17,132 6,406 6,278
82, 321
U ta h ............. ............
39,302 39,903
a, 640 2,751 2,605
N o r t h D a k o ta ___ 19,651 10,040 9,667
N e v a d a __________ 5,496 2,201 2,175
S o u th D a k o ta ___ 24,844 12, 830 12,658 P a c ific_____________ 261,270 114, 318 117,350
N e b r a s k a ................. 47, 389 25,812 25,603
73, m o 3 3 ,128 33,188
K a n s a s ...................... 52,123 24,662 24,670 O reg o n...................... 46; 094 17,576 17,682
327,883 100, 848 100,114
C a lif o r n ia .............. 148,157 63,612 66,487
D e la w a re ................. 1,340 446 419
i ; asn 906 844
M a r y la n d ................ 9,497 4,698 4,551
lj 767 427 433
D is t. of C o l............ 35,149 8,140 8,223
11,244 2,028 2,098
V irg in ia .................... 13,029 5,038 4,960 V irg in I s la n d s ........... 858 90 109
Source of tables 287 and 288: Post Office Department, Office of the Postmaster General; Operations of
the Postal Savings System.

274 BANKING Altf) FIKANCEl
No. 2 8 9 .—F ederal H ousing Administration—Volume op Business T ransacted—
Trend and Status op H ome Mortgage, R ental H ousing, and
P roperty Improvement I nsuring Operations: 1934 to 1939
N ote.—Amounts in thousands of dollars. The program oi providing insurance for long-term mortgages
on Individual homes and on large-scale rental projeots and lor short-term charaoter loans for prop rty
improvements is carried on by the Federal Housing Administration under the provisions of the National
Housing Act and its amendments. Tho Federal Housing Administration lends no money but provides
insurance for loans made by banks and other private lending institutions
YEAR AND STATUS
TOTAL
MORTGAGES ON 1-
TO 4 - F A im .Y
HOMES
M O R T G A G E S ON
R E N T A L AND
GROUP HOUSING
PROJECTS 1
PROPERTY-IMPROVE­
MENT LO A N S IN ’
SURED
A m o u n t N u m b e r A m o u n t N u m b e r A m o u n t N u m b e r A m o u n t
INSURANCE WHITTEN
1934.................................. ........................
1936..........................................................
30,451
319,857
1936 ......................................... 557,106
1937 .......................... .......................... 495,305 ..........................
1938 .........................................
1939 .......................... ..............
693,583
053, 824
m
23,397
77,231
102,076
109,279
163,747
(*>
03,882
308,945
424,373
473,240
669,416
(*)
2
4
15
117
131
(5)
2,355
2,101
10, 549
47, 589
51, 341
72, 658
636, 747
617, 697
124,758
382, 325
513,091
30,461
223,620
246,160
00,383
172,747
233,007
T o t a l . , .......................... .........
C o m m itm e n ts o u ts ta n d in g ____
T o ta l a c ce p te d for in s u r ­
a n c e .....................................
E x p ire d c o m m itm e n ts ..................
M o rtg a g e s i n p ro c e s s 3...................
R e je c tio n s a n d w ith d ra w a ls
G ro ss b u sin e ss tra n s ­
a c te d ......................................
3,050,215
238, 477
3, 288, 692
233, 328
213,152
003,360
466,730
63,307
619,037
01,466
39,669
189,039
1,969,862
238,477
2,208,339
233,328
187,715
903,360
269
(3)
269
W 72
CO
113,935
(3)
113,936
(0
26,488
co
2,840,276 980,418
2,346,276 966,418
4, 038, 531 8 1 0 ,111 3,532,741 341 139, 372 2,346, 276 960,418
1Includes rental and release olauBe projects repealed by Juno 3,1939, amendment.
J N ot in operation pending neoessary changes in State laws.
* Rental housing mortgages committed for insurance are included as mortgages In process; 32 mortgages
for $14,292,000 under examination are not Included in this tablo.
* Rental housing mortgages rejected, withdrawn, or expired, numbering 872 for $064,860,000 arc not
recorded in total gross business transacted.
Ho. 2 9 0 .—F e d e ra l H o u sin g A dm inistration—N e t Volume op Home M o rtg
a g e s A ccepted f o r In su ra n c e , R e n ta l Housing M o rtg ag es C losed, and
P ro p erty -Im p ro v em ent L oans Insured, by Type op I n s titu tio n O rigin
a tin g In su re d L oans: C um ulative 1934 T hrough D ecem ber 1939
Note—Amounts In thousands of dollars. See headnote, table 289
TYPE OP LENDING INSTITUTION
TOTAL
MORTGAGES AC­
CEPTED ON 1* TO
4-famh.yhomes 1
MORTGAGES CLOSED
ON RENTAL AND
GROUP HOUSING
PROJECTS 8
PROPERTY-IMPROVE­
MENT AND NEW
CONSTRUCTION
LOANS INSURED
Amount Number Amount Number Amount Number Amount
Total................................. 3,288,692 619,037 2,208,339 269 US, 936 2,346,276 960,418
National banks......................... 1,044,375 153, 044 034,305 35 7,800 924,162 402,380
State banks and trust companics....................................-
810,126 131,423 540,365 23 11,652 579,608 258,110
Total commercial banks- ~ 1 ,8 8 0 , m i *85,067 1,180,760 58 i9 , m 1. SOS, 7 70 8 8 0 ,4 9 0
Mortgage companies................. 390,83C 87,890 380,729 10 837 408 270
Savings and loan associations- - 279,645 GO, 874 260,829 10 1,610 14,829 8,200
Insurance companies................ 270,611 41,071 200,080 148 79,611 40 20
Finance companies................... 250,704 3,354 14,218 1 200 667,983 236,345
M utual and stock savings
banks_______ _____ _____ 83,626 15,453 70,980 7 6,004 15,942 6,634
61,659 2,012 Si 637 138,105 53,022
700 1,447 ' 766
3,279 8 3,279
All others 4. ........................... — 78,000 10,410 74,099 21 3,236 3,602 671
1Premium-paying mortgages plus mortgages accepted for insurance outstanding Dec. 31, 1939.
* Includes release-clause projects and all mortgages closed under the expired sec. 210.
• The RFC Mortgage Co. and tlio Federal National Mortgage Association.
1 Includes Investment companies, private and State benefit funds, endowed institutions, production
credit associations, and other miscellaneous types. Property Improvement loans include adjustment of
3,121 loans for $620,000.
Source oi tables 280 and 290: Federal Loan Agency, Federal Housing Administration; Annual Report.

FEDEBAL HOUSING ADMINISTRATION 275
No. 2 9 1 .— F e d e r a l H o d s i n g A d m i n i s t r a t i o n — V o l u m e o r I n s u r e d L o a n s ,
b y T y p e o r I n s u r i n g O p e r a t i o n s , b y S t a t e s , T e r r i t o r i e s , a n d f o r P u e r t o
R i c o a n d C a n a l Z o n e : C u m u l a t i v e 1934 T h r o u g h D e c e m b e r 1939
Note.—'Amounts in thousands of dollars. See headnote, table 280
D IV IS IO N .AND S T A T E O R
O U T L Y IN G A R E A (LOCA­
T IO N O F P R O P E R T Y )
T O TA L
M O R T G A G E S ON
1 - TO 4-F A M IL Y
H O M E S 1
M O R T G A G E S O N
R E N T A L A N D
G R O U P H O U S ­
IN G PR O JE C T S 2
P R O P E R T Y -IM P R O V E ­
M E N T L O A N S I N ­
S U R E D
Amount Number Amount Number Amount Number Amount
Total ____________ 3 3,288,692 619,087 2,208,939 269 113,935 32f34B,276 >966,418
Hew England___________ 130,846 14,356 94,047 9 1,687 191,963 65,212
7,382 1,476 4.404 7,477 2,978
7 ?.ia 1,048 3,871 8,078 3,342
6^768 1,280 4,162 8,683 1,616
Massachusetts________ 55,353 4,403 22,073 2 383 84,884 32,898
Rhode Island...................... 16,382 1,909 8,603 1 114 17,734 7,665
Connecticut.................... 38,747 4,240 2 0 , 9 4 4 3 1,090 40,102 16,713
Middle Atlantic_________ 786,410 90,080 424.857 07 43,244 618,056 298,309
New York......... ................ 3S8,706 35,233 177,070 34 28,350 342,598 183.260
New Jersey___________ 190,626 26,020 121,208 17 7,280 141,218 62,138
P e n n s y l v a n i a ________ . _ 187,079 29,827 120,573 16 7,614 134.240 62,892
East North Central......... .. 731,324 119,968 549,611 86 14,105 461,715 187,708
O hio............................... 179,083 30,967 141,772 3 1,940 100,038 35,371
Indiana............................. 92,690 18,680 60.185 u 2 , 4 3 3 65,532 21.073
Illinois..................................... 193,747 27,769 137,950 7 6,167 125,651 49,624
Michigan................. - ___ 220,830 35,794 170,229 1 2 2,946 136,765. 47,664
Wisconsin........................ 44,965 6,168 30,370 3 619 33,729 13.977
West N o r t h C e n t r a l __________ 216, 553 30,023 146,206 3 5 8,901 173,957 61.446
Minnesota-...................... 50,307 7,702 29,774 8 2,896 45,937 17,637
9fi 1 2 2 4 , 4 4 4 10,044 27,274 10.078
Missouri.......................... 83; 607 13,703 57,494 18 5,478 63,967 20,637
4 ,1 6 7 780 2,400 3,607 1,758
n oai 4.370 3,575 1,561
15 4KR 3, 0 7 6 1 3 ,1 0 2 12,528 4,382
Kansas............................ 30', 9 3 6 7; 649 25,013 9 630 17,169 5,393
S o u t h Atlantic..................... 849,351 56,984 237,972 66 31,392 191,439 80,647
Delaware......................... 8.149 1,085 5, 271 1 400 5,081 2,478
Maryland........................ 60, 837 8,451 37, 7 9 6 13 7,041 38,297 15.000
Dist. of Columbia........... 19, 387 1, 024 10,276 2 2,410 14,083 6,701
Virginia....... ........................ 69,967 0,350 4 2 ,0 5 6 26 1 4 ,8 2 0 28, 670 13,091
West Virginia.................. 21, 381 3,806 16,908 1 650 9,127 3.822
North Carolina................ 34,843 5,732 24,208 10 3,350 10, 787 7,280
South Carolina.. . . . ___ 17, 568 3,420 1 3 ,0 5 8 1 240 1 1 ,2 4 8 4.270
Georgia............................ 47,082 8,801 84,154 5 1,309 30,587 11. 619
Florida............................. 71,139 13, 626 53, 645 6 1,113 36, 583 16,381
East South Central.............. 127,602 23,640 8 8 ,8 6 8 16 4,143 96,192 34,661
K e n t u c k y ....................................... 32, 232 4,907 22,291 1 1 ,0 0 0 24, 522 8.941
Tennessee_______ _______ 46, 654 9,007 33,486 7 1,785 32,434 11,383
Alabama.......................... 2 8 ,1 8 5 5,065 18,744 6 1,324 24,460 8,118
Mississippi....................... 2 0 , 691 4,661 14, 337 1 34 14, 776 6. 220
W e s t South C e n t r a l __________ 212, 742 41, 568 156,407 SO 4,965 142. 639 51,370
Arkansas.......................... 18, 379 3,313 10,01a 1 320 16,642 6,043
Louisiana........................ 26,465 4,767 18,094 3 753 22,201 7,618
Oklahoma........................ 38,786 7,713 29,493 6 313 25,454 8,981
T e x a s ................................................... 131,112 25,776 98,804 20 3, 579 78, 342 28,728
Mountain—.......................... 107, 708 21,431 76, 523 6 1,009 73, 071 31,177
8 900 1, 594 5,690 6,056 3,209
1 0. 779. 9. filfl 8’, 163 12,855 4, 609
0 50R 2\ 547 1 894 3,266 1,614
Colorado.......................... 24, 090 4| 886 17,606 4 940 16,162 5, 644
7 70S 1,531 5,388 4,297 2, 319
Arizona............................ 18,066 3,030 10,912 ■ 1 69 15,473 7,085
Utah 20 934 4,470 16,205 12,870 4,729
5 732 ' 8 5 7 3, 7G4 3, 692 1,968
6S9,185 112,164 450,220 10 4,649 417, 887 175,817
Washington..................... 69, 524 12, 622 41,776 2 1,119 71,738 26,628
9 a 181 4.198 13,460 84,100 12,721
California....................... 543; 481 96,334 403,083 8 3, 530 311, 793 135, 968
1 558 287 3, 246 311 311
5 D82 1,164 4, 644 752 438
’468 82 449 2 0 19
4 3 4
i P rem ium -paying m ortgages plus m ortgages accepted for insurance outstanding D ec. 31, 1930.
8 Includes $4,685,000 of m ortgages on release clause projects insured under sec. 207, a n d $7,618,000 of m ortgages
closed u n d e r th e expired sec. 210. . . . . -
3 Includes u n d istrib u te d ad ju stm en ts in the total for an additio n of 7,842 notes and a deduction of
$ 201, 000.
Source; F ederal L oan A gency, F ederal H ousing A dm inistration; A n n u al E e p o rt.

276 BAHIUH-G AND F IN A N C E
No. 292.—Home Owners’ Loan Corporation—Summary op Refin a n c in g
Operations from the Beginning of Operations, J une 13, 1933, to t h e
Close of the Lending P eriod, June 12, 1936, by States and for Al a s k a ,
Hawaii, and Puerto Rico
[Amounts in thousands of dollars]
APPLICATIONS RECEIVED LOANS CLOSED »
N um ber A m ount N um ber A m ount
N u m D e r a f
b o rro w e rs
Total ...................................................... 1,886, 491 8,173,358 1,025,950 3, 093, 451 1, 017. 844
Ohio......................................................... 193,' 502
W est V irginia................................ 48,182
Florida.............................................
Georgia .............................................. 23,343
N orth Carolina............................
24,303
South Carolina................................
9,997
Puerto Rico..................................
2,385
Region 3B (Memnhis!.................. .. . 153,848
Arkansas____ ...
19, 708
K entucky..................
20,460
388,902
22,327
7,781
50, 419
3,677
81,920
167,872
12,338
2,608
178,734
2; 815
4,428
1,668,315
118,167
19, 591
229,141
9,424
423,638
809,717
51,723
6,914
637,677
9,373
27,546
167,949
10,288
3,413
26,158
1,940
36, 543
81,656
6,277
1,674
90, 791
1,676
2,148
781,061
4< 235
7,734
109,070
4, 513
175 327
411,276
24,701
4,199
287, 583
5,108
12,144
104, 219
1 0 ,2 8 1
3 , 398
2 4 , 524
1, 867
30i 330
8 0 ,1 1 6
0 ,1 1 8
1, 676
00, 491
1 , 843
2, 088
28,854 86,875 16,030 45,602 Ifi, 920
121,483 450', 186 58,851 167,014 58, 704
21,154 03,697 12,086 37,695 1 2 ,0 3 7
212,094 752,309 107, 785 828,749 107, 035
704 127 98,020 305,878 98, 660
18,592
9,139 22,871 0 ,0 7 9
11?
64,007 147, 798
28, OlO
16, 706 37,038
03, 581
i s , 011
13, 554
14,966
12,442
5,748
591
31,394 1 2 , 321
5, 083
261,039
62,208
55,932
62,829
61,753
23,250
5,067
3B7,047
31,866
81,855
Louisiana....................... ............. . 24,747 7ol 610 14, 546
M ississioni..
18,000
M issouri ... 45, 066 145,058
Tennessee................... . 24,405
13,880
Region 4A ("Chicago!..................... ........ 182,872 720,373
Illinois............ . . ................
127,128
W isconsin.....................
Region 4B (D etroit)._____
Indiana.........
227, 582 130,080
M ichigan...........................
1,724
206,633
18, 678
36,464
74,877
31,034
394, 827
115,388
352,185
112,171
240,014
191,413
22,922
38, 832
33, 644
B l, DIB
10, 345
8, 701
24, 638
13, 7 02
103, 088
09, 985
33, 101
129, 941
81,240
8 1 ,1 2 0
Region 5A ("Omaha!_______ 155,968
Colorado.................
96, 681
94, BOB
Iowa......................
l l , 013
Kansas........... ...
10, 830
19, 633
M innesota...
18, 604
IS , 504
N ebraska................. 21,109 47,966 21, 021
N orth D akota....
13,718 28,114 13, 597
7! 458
South Dakota
25,373 4,478 9,038 4 , 416
9,296
6,156 10,897 6, 122
Region 5B (D allas)____
119,684
Now Mexico.
71, 213 162,723 70, 777
Oklahoma...........
2,557 5,134 2 , 4 6 2
Texas.............
86,336 23,967 54,380 23, 960
44, 089 103,209 44, 355
Region 0 (San Francisco!........
A m ona.........
112,628 260,499 112, IBB
California....
25,558 6,542 15, 771 6, 508
Idaho......................
51, 617 136,706 51, 659
M ontana.............. 10,098 4, 728 8,184 4 , 692
Nevada................ ' ' 3,693 7,285 3 , 679
Oregon.................. 1,274 3,299 1, 211
U tah.............. ..........................
9,502 18,554 9 , 4 16
W ashington..........
14,879 35,256 10, 852 25,036 10, 7 49
Wyoming.............. 76,568 21, 454 38,882 21, 4 3 8
H aw aii.......... 7,882 2,475 5,463 2 ,4 4 6
Alaska...........
6,828 481 1,293
481
64 136 10
26 ,
10
In c lu d e s s. 100 lo a n s m a d e to b o rro w e rs In a d d itio n to t h e i r o r ig in a l lo a n s
Board—Applications received, Fifth A n n u a l
by the auditors of Home Owner" K ‘° M e m l H °me Loarl Bank B o a rd

TEDEBAL HOME LOAN BANK SYSTEM 277
N o. 2 9 3 .— F e d e r a l H o m e L o a n B a n k s — P r i n c i p a l A s s e t s a n d L i a b i l i t i e s ,
a s o k D e o . 3 1 , T o t a l , 1935 t o 1939, a n d b y B a n k s , 1939
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
ASSETS
LIABILITIES
BANK
Total
Capital stock issued and
Ad-
Investments—
outstanding
Surplus,
Vances IT. S,
reservB,
oat- Government
se­
Cash Deposits Fully paid
and undivided
Partially
iae
paid profits
curities
Members
Govt.
U. S. (members)
All banks:
1035......................... 120,422 102,705 18,657 4,454 4,869 24,194 94,196 590 2,279
1930......................... 101,086 145,401 9,480 6,514 11,146 28,126 117,860 305 3,416
1037......................... 250, 877 200,095 32,620 23,203 12,772 34,577 124,741 440 6,204
1938......................... 283,80ft 108.842 46,404 37,850 21.975 37,882 124,741 144 7,679
1939____________ ‘m , 080 181,313 50,430 122,163 129.704 40,048 124,741 60 9,819
19,671 7,410 8,160 3,948 2,602 3,982 12,468
431
New York_____ 28,257 19,820 2,217 0,129 3,582 4,670 18,963 18 1,031
Pittsburgh.___ 22,944 10,259 4,986 1,592 2,402 2,649 11,146 3 1,022
Winston-Salem 21,765 19,820 1,620 343 1,661 4,108 0,208 1 1.072
33,898 18,339 11,366 4,058 0,765 7,560 12,776 12 1,375
Indianapolis___ 20,779 10,044 7,376 2.415 6,188 2.885 0,677 1 527
37,101 25, 882 4,440 6,724 5,835 4,719 14,174
1,235
Des Moines___ 19, 940 17,019 1,367 911 1,947 2,379 7,395 8 629
13,712 9,844 2 ,4nn 1,328 55 2,119 8,772
703
13,628 10,947 i; 939 597 1,140 1,752 7,834
541
Portland....... —_ 8,204 5,274 1,355 607 BSD 1,190 5,060 1 448
Los Angeles. . . . 23,068 18,155 3,215 1,663 5,007 2 876 0,068 17 606
1Totals are less than su m s of figures for individual backs because of exclusion frozs totals of data for
Interbank transactions. F igures for 1935 to 1938 have boon similarly adjusted.
Source: Federal Loan A gency, Federal Home Loan Bank Board; February issue of Federal Home Loan
Bank. Review.
N o. 2 9 4 .— F e d e r a l H o m e L o a n B a n k S y s te m — M e m b e r I n s t i t u t i o n s
a n d I n s t i t u t i o n s I n s u r e d b y t h e F e d e r a l S a v in g s a n d L o a n I n s u r a n c e
C o r p o r a t i o n : 1935 t o 1939
[All money figures in thousands of dollars]
. 1935 1936 1037 1038 1989
M e m b e r in stitu tio n s as of D e c . 81:
N u m b e r— .................... ......... ..................................... 3,466 3,760 3,932 3,061 3.920
S ta te -c h a rte re d i n s titu tio n s ........................ 2,479 2,560 2,014 2,594 % 522
F e d e ra l sav in g s a n d lo o n associations___ 087 • 1, 200 1,318 1,357 1,398
A ss e ts......... ..................................................................... 3,020,000 3,336,306 4,110.808 4,432,288 4,740,983
S ta te -c h a rte re d i n s titu tio n s .......................... 2, 525.000 2,658,858 3,017,809 3,121, 528 3,104,923
F e d e ra l sav in g s a n d lo a n associations___ 405,000 7S2, 948 1,098, 909 1,310,710 1,570,060
F e d e ra l h o m e lo o n b a n k l o a n s to m e m b e rs :1
l o a n s a d v a n c e d d u r in g y e a r . . . .......................... 59,130 93,257 123.251 81,958 94,781
R e p a y m e n ts d u rin g y e a r ..............- ....................... 42, 994 50,651 08.557 S3,211 112,310
A m o u n ts o u ts ta n d in g D e o . 31............................. 102,795 145,401 200,095 198,842 181,313
I n s u r e d in stitu tio n s :
N u m b e r __________ ___________________________ 1,090 1,674 1.879 2,097 2,195
S ta te -c h a rte re d a s s o c ia tio n s -------------------- 135 382 560 737 798
F e d e ra l sav in g s a n d loan associations___ 964 1,192 1.313 1,360 1,397
A ssets_______________ ___ —________________ *641,454 11,047,419 1.760.309 2.128; 706 2,506,944
S ta te -c h a rte re d a s s o c ia tio n s _____________ *226,747 *487,013 669.726 817,026 932,630
F e d e ra l sav in g s a n d lo an associations___ *414,707 *600.408 1,096.583 1,311,080 1,574,314
N u m b e r of in v e s to r s ................................................ 842,639 1,384,000 1,699,057. 2,125,800 2,386,000
State-chartered assoolations...................... 338, 910 698,000 828. 723 903,100 973,800
Federal savings a n d loan associations___ 503, 729 686,000 770,334 1,102,700 1,412,200
i Figures include negligible amounts of loans to other than member institutions.
3 Assets as of date of insurance.
Source: Federal Loan A gency, Federal Home Loan Bank Board—Member institutions, Quarterly
R eport of Membership Progress of Federal Home Loan Bank System; loans to members, records of Comptroller's
office; insured institutions, Quarterly Reports of Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation.

278 BANKING AND I-TNANCK
No. 295.— F a rm C r e d i t A d m i n i s t r a t i o n — L o a n s a n d D i s c o u n t s A d v a n c e d
a n d O u t s t a n d i n g : 1920 t o 1939
[In thousands of dollars]
YEAR
A d v a n c e d d u r­
ing—
FARM MORTGAGE
LOANS hr 1—
F e d e r a l
l a n d
b a n k s
66,985
91,030
224,301
192,083
165, 510
127,355
L a n d
B a n k
C o m ­
m is ­
s io n e r
LOANS TO COOPERATIVES
BY—
F e d e ra l
i n t e r ­
m e d ia te
c r e d it
b a n k s
( d ir e c t)
B a n k s
fo r c o ­
o p e r a ­
tiv e s ,
in c l u d ­
in g c e n ­
t r a l
h a n k
A g ric u l­
t u r a l
M a r k e t ­
i n g A c t
r e v o lv -
n g f u n d
FEDERAL INTER­
MEDIATE CREDIT
BANES, LOANS TO
AND DISCOUNTS
FOR—
P r o d ,
c r e d i t
a s s o c 'n s ,
r e g ’l
a g ric .
c r e d i t
c o r p 'n s ,
b a n k s
fo r
c o o p 's 2
P r i v a t e
f in a n c ­
i n g i n ­
s t i t u ­
t io n s
P r o d u c ­
t i o n
c r e d i t
a s s o c i­
a tio n s
R e g io n ­
a l a g r i ­
c u l t u r a l
c r e d i t
c o r p o ­
r a t i o n s
E m e r ­
g e n c y
c r o p
a n d
d r o u g h t
l o a n s
IQ9.R . ____ 35,519
9,367
83,223
34,004
» 414
100,243
53,488
1 9 2 6 ................... 131,318
140,384
102,236
103,941
51,039
53,573
73,521
87,121
83,568
> 244
1930 ...................
64,253
47,971
43,588
109,927
14,823
193,395
94,667
109,047
. . ____ 42,015
145,127
126,773
122,867
1 9 3 2 ................... 27,570
80,245
............
34,488
151,578
24,597
1933 .... 151, 634 70,812 27,910 27,144 40,687 109,746 141,017 27 223, 116
1934 .... 730,307 553,136 57,369 40,371 9,555 223,597 124,949 107,216 140, 589
1935
1936
1937
....
....
....
248,671
109,170
63, 092
196,395
77,258
40,020
44,509
3,755
5,129
66,348
81,294
97,584
7,402
20,449
5,935
252,738 116,909 196,306
271,700 106,206 228,090
342,979 101,458 286, 578
90,655
34, 607
18,603
1938 .... 61,418 29,395 2,668 94,946 7,911 370,888 90,466 302,623 5, 718
1939 .......................... 51,582 ..........................
27,417 4,156 83,380 1,214 381,222 86,558 320,961 4,664
O u tstan d in g
D e c . 31—
1920 ....................
1921......................
349,679
432,523
639,486
1093
1924....................
1925 ...................
1Q26....................
1927....................
1928....................
799,597
927,568
1,005,685
1,077,819
1,155, 044
1,194,821
33,627
43,507
53,780
52,704
31,993
36,174
1929.................... 1,198,514
26,073
14,510
1930.................. 1,189, 004 ....... 64,37"
136,69£
1931.................... 1,167,895
45,17" ....... 156, m ............
1932.................... . 1,128,50 ___ 9,86
158,88
1933 .. 1,232,70 70,73 15, 21 18,69" 157,765 73,263
1934 .. . 1,915,79 > 616,82 5 S3,96 27,85 54,86 99,675
1935 .. 2,071,92 ) 794,72 3 2,73 50, OK 44,43 104,700
1930.................... 2,064,15 836,77 3 1,64 69,64" 53,75 129,875
1937 .. 2,035,30 1 812,74 3 1,81 J 87,63' 30,98 2 165,194
1938 .. 1,982,22 752,85 92 3 8 7 ,40f 23,72 168,39S
1 9 8 0 ............... 1,904,65 j 690,88 3 1,83 )! 76,251 20, 54 !\ 165,231
9,105
18,760
26,272
39,730
43,924
45,103
50,018
65,633
74,691
82,518
60,989
55, 672
47,162
41,01"
40, 464
3 3 ,54f
33,354
27
60,852
94,09C
105,212
138,16?
148,03"
154, m
24,37"
144, 03C
87,102
4 3 ,40C
25, 288
15, 592
11,081
8 ,00£
a 1 ,QQ2
* 1,480
3 5,760
* 5,340
55, 78S
64,205
57,376
70,471
96,849
10, 029
3 2 ,5Q3
19, 647
15,274
3 1,052
3 1,052
3 3,817
3 2, 358
3 2, 512
3 2, 207
3 2,101
3 2, 292
2 2, 246
2 7,976
3 8,046
49, 769
90.354
90, 863
111, 238
172,863
165, 309
172,701
171, 489
168,330
1For loans by joint stock land banks, see table 302.
2 Amounts in this column arc duplicated in loans shown for the 3 agencies concerned.
*Amounts advanced for the fiscal year ended June 30 and outstanding as of June 30.
Source: Department of Agriculture, Farm Credit Administration; Annual Kcport, Quarterly Beport
on Loans and Discounts.
N o . 2 9 6 .'— N a t i o n a l F a r m L o a n A s s o c ia tio n s a n d P r o d u c t i o n C r e d i t
A s s o c ia tio n s — N u m b e r, b y D i s t r i c t s , D e c . 31, 1939
DISTRICT
NATIONAL FARM LOAN
ASSOCIATIONS
Total
Active
Production
credit
associations
Inactive
DISTRICT
NATIONAL FARM LOAN
ASSOCIATIONS
Total Activo Inactive
Production
credit
associations
Total........ 3,910 3,722 188 541 347 347 53
District 1........ 164 135 29 35 490 490 42
District 2........... 210 210 36 321 321 41
D istricts. . .. 373 315 58 94 318 317 1 36
District 4 ............. 461 461 43 171 ian 30
District 5........... 258 253 5 26 District 12............ 274 227 47 33
Source: Department of Agriculture, Form Credit Administration; Annual Report.

FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION 279
No. 297.— F a r m C r e d i t A d m i n i s t r a t i o n — L o a n s a n d D i s c o u n t s O u t s t a n d ­
i n g D e c . 31, 1939, b y S t a t e s
[In thousands of dollars]
DISTRICT AND STATE
T otal1
Federal
land banks
Land Bank
Commissioner
Federal
intermediate
credit
banks
Production
credit associations
3
District
banks for
cooperatives
Total------------------ ----- 3 2,852,681 1, 004,665 690,880 200,426 154,496 * 62, 739
District No. 1______________ 120,141 72,364 80,791 12,477 11,266 4,317
Maine................................... 11,623 6,488 3,532 1,117 774 542
New Hampshire.................. 2,280 1,330 751 210 176 17
Vermont............................... 7,851 4,041 1,441 1,203 1,084 496
Massachusetts..................... 12,841 7,004 3,897 81.0 614 1,236
Rhode Island....................... 2,337 1,200 599 453 473 56
Connecticut..................... 11,019 6,496 3,002 1,302 1,303 123
New York............................ 67, OH 35,097 12,985 6,000 5,372 1,748
New Jersey,........ -.............. 15,176 9,093 4,584 1,322 1,400 99
District No, 2___ __________ 108, 306 78,060 21,203 9,742 8,434 4,469
Pennsylvania....................... 30,091 19,681 6,907 2,860 2,692 811
Delaware___ ___________ 1,440 830 413 170 190 7
Maryland............................. 13, 036 7,946 3,302 1,452 1,543 844
Virginia...............................- 37, 076 26,630 6,452 2,096 2,112 2,369
West Virginia....................... 11,312 7,881 2,686 767 826 19
Puerto Rico.......................... 14,152 10,092 1,543 2,301 1,071 409
District No. 3-------- ------------- 122,149 63, 900 47,955 8,921 7,211 2,733
North Carolina— ............... 36,137 18,816 14,810 902 1,001 419
South Carolina.................... 24,227 13,410 10,218 458 597 3
Georgia,................................ 39,806 22,256 15,334 1,820 2,037 209
Florida.................................. 22,889 9,418 7,593 3,735 3,486 2,042
District No, 4_____ -_______ 276,622 184,652 65,229 22,178 20,549 S, 71S
Ohio...................................... 81,817 53,843 19,085 7,585 6,580 1,438
Indiana................................ 98,471 68,137 20,804 7,837 7,032 1,803
Kentucky........................— 51,308 33,875 13,460 3,556 3,044 285
Tennessee............................. 44,026 28,697 11,881 3,197 3,292 127
District No. 5.___ _________ 112, 518 73,681 20,328 10,982 4,970 10,607
Alabama............................— 38,125 27,692 8,243 1,794 1,058 341
Mississippi.......... -............... 42,967 20,280 7,608 5,409 1,650 0,955
Louisiana........................... 31,420 19,689 4,477 3,779 1, 602 3,311
District No. 6........................... 277,940 193,295 62,247 19,710 18,980 2,544
Illinois................................. 180,056 137,505 37,325 10,639 9,553 1,000
Missouri..................-........... 64,490 38,743 18,491 0,433 5,770 900
Arkansas.............................. 26,800 10,967 6,431 2,638 1,651 584
District No. 7............................ 456,131 296,523 135,034 21,157 14,287 3,877
Michigan.............................. 73, 036 48,026 21,922 2,354 2,288 1,249
Wisconsin.............. ............. 126,200 74,904 42,887 0,922 5,593 1,104
Minnesota..........-................ 165,231 111,780 42,361 9,891 5,634 1,116
North Dakota...................... 91,064 00,753 27,804 1,900 772 408
District No. 8............................ 500,830 375,498 108,188 14,840 13,346 2,238
Iowa...................................... 200,508 201,586 52,641 4,852 4,588 1,168
South Dakota...................... 71,574 49,579 18, 551 2,999 2,989 294
Nebraska.............................. 152,267 114,857 32,721 4,028 3,827 642
■Wyoming.............................. 10,481 9,476 4,285 2,461 1,942 234
District No. 9______________ 245,089 158, 510 64,971 10,467 12,387 6, 557
Kansas................................. 131,166 90,317 37,035 2,998 2,602 1,020
Oklahoma.................... ........ 57,635 34,701 15,487 6,388 3,124 2,557
Colorado............................. 41,919 26,690 0,673 4,360 4,084 1,954
Now Mexico...................... 14,469 8,802 2,776 2,741 2,487 20
District No. 10.......................... 267,400 194, 563 46,096 23,115 12,027 2,906
Texas...,............................ 267, 400 194,503 46,096 23,115 12.027 2,909
District No. 11.......................... 199,717 117, 052 52,074 21,208 13,500 12,990
Arizona................................. 12,344 8,160 2,324 1,750 1,785 76
U tah..................................... 25,191 14,455 5,277 4,375 1,892 1,008
Nevada................................ 4, 913 2,977 705 1,149 1,190 41
California...___ ________ 157,209 91,460 43,768 13,928 8,642 11,865
District No. 12.._____ _____ 166,838 101, 678 36, 756 22, 111 19,541 6,795
Montana............................... 34,576 16,712 10,240 7,276 7,153 66
Idaho............ ..................... 41,429 26,654 8,803 5,291 5,079 631
Washington.......................... 46,224 31,370 8,525 3, 906 2,310 2,902
Oregon.................................. 44,605 26,942 9,187 5,638 4,990 3,106
1In obtaining totals in this column adjustments were made to avoid duplication arising from the fact
th at production credit associations and banks for cooperatives borrow from and rediscount loans with the
Federal intermediate credit banks.
3 Includes outstanding loans of associations which have been placed in liquidation.
3 N ot including loans for the Central Bank for Cooperatives which have not been allocated by States.
* Includes participation by the Central Bank for Cooperatives,
Source: Department of Agriculture, Form Credit Administration; Annual Report, Farm Credit
Quarterly,

2 8 0 BANKING AND FINANCE
No. 2 9 8 .— F e d e r a l L a n d B a n k s a n d L a n d B a n k C o m m is s io n e r — N u m b e r
a n d A m o u n t o n L o a n s C l o s e d D u r i n g 1938 a n d 1939, b y S t a t e s
[Amounts in thousands of dollars]
F E D E R A L L A N D
B A N K D IS T R IC T A N D
S T A T E
F E D E R A L L A N D B A N K S
L A N D B A N K C O M M I S S I O N E R
1 9 3 8 1 9 3 9 1 9 3 8 1 0 3 9
T O T A L A M O U N T
O F L O A N S ( B A N K S
A N D
C O M M I S S I O N E R )
Nuni'
ber
Amount Number
Amount Number
Amount Number
Amount
1 9 3 8 1 9 3 9
Total............. 1 4 ,1 7 1 6 1 , 4 1 8 1 8 , 6 2 4 6 1 , 6 8 2 1 7 , 4 5 3 2 9 , 8 9 5 1 6 , 4 2 3 2 7 , 4 1 7 8 0 , 8 1 4 7 8 , 9 9 9
Distriofc No. t
1 , 1 4 1 3 , 1 2 1 1 , 1 0 7 3 , 0 2 8 1 , 3 7 8 2 , 3 9 6 1 , 2 7 8 2 , 2 2 8 6 , 6 1 7 5 , 2 5 6
Maine.............. _ 4 6 1 1 3 1 7 4 6 7 4 1 3 2 3 5 4 8 2 4 5 93
New Hampshire. 3 4 6 3 2 7 5 5 6 4 8 0 3 9 5 6 1 4 3 111
Vermont.............. 7 2 1 6 6 6 7 1 4 1 9 5 1 2 4 6 5 8 7 2 9 0 2 2 8
Massachusetts... 1 2 9 3 0 3 9 6 2 2 3 1 7 7 3 0 9 1 4 1 2 8 3 6 1 2 5 0 6
Rhode Island___ 1 9 4 8 20 4 9 2 7 6 0 2 3 4 5 1 0 8 94
Connecticut........ 1 3 3 3 7 8 1 5 4 4 6 9 1 6 9 3 3 8 1 8 7 3 6 8 7 1 6 8 3 7
New Y ork... 5 3 4 1 , 5 4 2 5 5 7 1 , 6 9 4 5 7 1 9 2 7 5 7 8 9 2 6 2 , 4 6 9 2 , 5 2 0
New Jersey......... 1 7 4 5 0 8 1 6 0 4 6 2 211 4 2 6 210 4 1 6 9 3 4 8 6 7
District No, 2.......... 0 1 9 2 , 0 0 9 4 9 1 1,666 6 5 1 1,021 5 3 9 8 8 1 3 , 0 3 0 2 , 4 2 6
Pennsylvania___ 2 7 0 7 1 9 1 8 6 5 5 1 2 4 2 28'8 1 7 7 2 3 9 1 , 0 0 7 ' 7 9 0
Delaware.. . _ 1 7 6 5 8 20 1 7 22 1 5 1 9 7 7 3 9
M aryland- .. 5 6 2 1 3 6 3 220 0 4 121 7 0 1 0 7 3 3 4 3 2 7
Virginia............... 1 6 9 6 1 3 1 5 4 4 5 8 1 6 9 2 4 2 1 4 7 2 0 7 8 5 5 6 6 5
West Virginia___ 8 9 2 2 7 6 2 1 9 6 8 7 1 0 5 7 2 102 3 3 2 2 9 8
Puerto Rico........ 1 8 1 8 2 1 8 120 7 2 2 4 3 5 8 1 8 7 4 2 5 3 0 7
DistriotNo. 3 . _ . . 0 7 6 1 , 4 7 6 8 7 9 2 , 1 0 4 1 ,6 3 3 1 , 8 7 0 1 , 8 2 9 2 , 2 2 9 3 , 3 4 4 4 , 4 2 3
North Carolina—. 2 2 9 4 4 4 3 1 8 6 0 4 5 4 6 6 1 1 6 3 3 ' 7 8 8 1 , 0 5 5 1 , 4 8 2
South Carolina_ 1 0 6 2 3 0 1 3 4 3 2 9 2 5 8 2 9 3 2 7 9 3 5 4 5 2 3 6 8 3
Georgia................ 2 8 3 5 7 3 3 3 6 6 9 6 7 1 4 7 6 9 7 5 1 8 4 3 1 , 3 4 2 1 , 5 3 9
Florida................ 5 8 2 2 8 9 1 4 7 6 1 1 5 1 9 7 1 6 6 2 4 4 4 2 6 7 1 9
District'No. 4 ____ 1 , 6 6 9 4 , 4 6 9 1,666 4 , 8 8 0 1 , 8 8 9 S , 0 2 6 1 , 8 9 7 2 , 9 8 8 7 , 4 9 6 7 , 8 0 3
6 4 3 1 , 6 2 3 5 9 6 1 , 7 0 1 5 6 5 8 9 8 5 1 2 7 9 8 2 , 6 2 1 2 ,5 8 9
Indiana............... 5 5 1 1 , 6 3 5 5 8 1 1 , 0 3 3 6 6 5 1 , 0 8 0 6 8 4 1 , 0 1 8 2 , 7 1 5 2 ,6 5 1
Kentucky........... 2 0 8 6 4 3 232 8 3 0 2 9 3 4 7 1 3 0 7 5 0 4 1 , 1 1 4 1 ,3 4 0
Tennessee............ 2 5 7 668 2 5 7 6 2 0 4 6 6 6 7 7 4 9 4 6 6 3 1 , 1 4 5 l j 2 8 3
District No. 5 1 , 4 1 4 S , 0 1 7 1 , 1 0 8 6 , 2 6 3 1 , 9 1 9 1 , 6 6 3 1 , 6 0 4 1 , 5 9 5 4 , 6 7 0 4 , 8 4 8
Alabama__ ____ 8 3 7 1 , 4 2 4 6 5 4 1 , 2 6 6 1 , 0 2 8 7 7 8 8 6 4 7 0 4 2,202 1 , 9 6 0
Mississiuui.......... 4 0 6 9 5 7 2 8 1 1 , 2 6 0 6 4 7 6 3 5 4 8 9 5 3 8 1 , 4 9 2 1 , 7 9 8
Louisiana______ 1 7 1 6 3 6 ■ 1 7 3 7 3 7 2 4 4 3 4 0 2 5 1 3 5 3 9 7 6 1 ,0 9 0
District No. 6 . 1 , 0 7 5 7 , 9 8 9 1 , 4 4 0 7 , 2 9 4 1 , 8 5 7 3 , 3 6 6 1 , 3 7 4 2 , 8 2 7 1 1 , 3 5 5 10,121
Illinois................ 1 , 1 1 7 6 , 1 8 7 1 , 0 5 5 6 , 0 5 0 9 2 2 2 , 3 1 0 8 7 4 2 , 0 9 7 8 , 4 9 7 8 , 1 4 7
Missouri.............. 4 2 8 1 , 2 9 3 2 8 5 8 4 3 4 6 8 6 5 9 3 1 7 4 5 5 1 , 9 5 2 1 , 2 9 8
Arkansas______ 1 3 0 5 0 9 100 4 0 1 2 6 7 3 9 7 1 8 3 2 7 5 9 0 6 0 7 6
District No. 7 _________ 7 8 6 2,7 9 3 7 4 9 2 , 9 4 0 8 7 1 1 , 4 5 8 8 2 5 1 , 2 7 8 4 , 2 5 1 4 , 2 1 6
M ichigan....___ 1 5 3 3 9 9 222 6 4 2 2 2 3 3 0 2 2 8 3 3 7 8 7 0 1 1,020
Wisconsin............ 221 8 0 1 1 9 7 7 6 6 2 6 6 4 6 6 2 0 8 3 2 5 1 , 2 6 7 1 , 0 9 1
Minnesota........... 3 6 2 1 , 5 9 3 3 3 0 1 , 6 3 2 3 8 2 6 9 0 3 3 4 5 7 3 2,2 8 3 2 ; 1 0 5
District No, 8_________ 1 , 6 4 9 8 , 3 2 9 1 , 7 6 0 9 , 1 7 8 1 , 7 9 0 4 , 8 4 3 1 , 7 0 3 3 , 7 1 5 1 2 , 8 7 2 1 2 , 8 9 3
Iowa...... .............. 8 5 4 4 , 8 7 5 9 5 9 6 , 8 1 4 7 9 1 2 , 1 3 2 8 4 5 2,021 7 , 0 0 7 7 , 8 3 5
South Dakota__ 7 6 3 0 0 7 0 2 6 0 1 7 8 3 9 4 122 2 6 5 G 9 4 ' 5 3 4
Nebraska............. 6 7 0 2 , 8 3 7 6 0 2 2 , 7 4 6 7 2 7 1 ,5 5 3 6 1 9 1 , 1 5 2 4 , 3 9 0 3 , 8 9 7
Wyoming............ 4 0 3 1 7 6 9 3 5 0 9 4 2 6 4 1 1 7 2 7 7 5 8 1 6 2 7
District No. 9 _________ 1 , 5 6 1 4 , 8 8 2 1 , 5 3 2 4 , 8 2 1 1 , 8 3 9 2 ,8 1 1 1 , 5 7 4 2 , 2 7 0 6, 9 9 3 7 , 0 9 1
Kansas............... 8 4 7 2 , 6 3 1 8 0 6 2 , 6 2 0 7 4 9 1 , 0 9 3 6 9 5 9 8 2 3 ', 7 2 4 3 , 6 0 2
Oklahoma........... 4 0 8 1,112 4 0 5 1 , 1 2 4 4 7 5 5 9 7 4 3 1 5 4 1 1 , 7 0 0 l', 6 6 5
Colorado.............. 2 1 4 7 2 1 2 3 4 7 9 2 2 7 6 4 3 7 3 1 9 5 3 2 1 , 1 5 8 L 3 2 4
New Mexico........ 9 2 2 1 8 8 7 2 8 5 1 4 0 1 8 4 1 2 9 2 1 5 ' 4 0 2 5 0 0
District No. 1 0 ________ 1 , 2 5 2 4 , 1 8 3 1, 3 1 8 4 , 6 3 7 1 , 6 3 5 2 , 6 6 5 1 , 6 9 3 2 . 7 9 6 6 , 8 3 8 7 , 4 S S
Texas................... 1 , 2 5 2 4 , 1 8 3 1 , 3 1 8 4 , 6 3 7 1 , 6 3 6 2 , 6 5 6 1 , 6 9 3 2 , 7 9 6 6 , 8 3 8 7 ; 4 3 3
District No. 1 1 ________ 1,002 5, 5 9 8 6 8 2 4 , 0 2 0 1 , 2 1 8 3 , 1 5 1 886 2 . 3 2 5 8, 7 4 9 6 , 3 4 5
Arizona............... 9 4 3 5 3 8 2 3 7 8 1 1 6 2 7 3 102 2 9 6 6 2 7 '6 7 4
Utah.......... ......... 6 2 202 20 1 4 0 68 1 3 8 3 5 7 2 3 3 9 212
Nevada________ 1 4 1 0 3 6 20 1 6 5 3 4 1 5 1 5 6 3 5
California............ 8 3 2 4 , 9 4 0 6 0 5 3 , 4 8 2 1 , 0 1 9 2 , 6 8 7 7 4 6 1 , 9 4 2 7 , 8 2 7 ■ 6 , 4 2 4
DistrictNo, 1 2 ________ 8 8 7 3 , 7 5 4 8 9 2 3 , 7 7 2 1 , 0 7 3 2 , 1 4 6 1, m 2 , 3 1 2 6 , 8 0 9 0 , 0 8 4
Montana______ 1 3 2 4 9 7 1 3 8 4 6 1 2 0 4 4 3 3 2 2 9 4 2 7 9 3 0 888
Idaho................... 2 6 0 9 3 6 2 6 3 8 8 5 2 8 6 4 8 8 3 0 7 5 3 3 1 , 4 2 4 1 , 4 1 8
I Jf
r:
a
2 5 3 1 , 3 2 1 2 4 6 1 , 2 8 6 2 9 1 6 4 5 2 9 2 7 0 7 1 , 9 6 6 l ! 9 9 3
Oregon................. 2 4 2 1,000 2 4 5 1 , 1 4 0 2 9 2 5 7 9 2 9 3 6 4 5 i ; 5 7 9 1 , 7 8 6
Source: Department of Agriculture, Jarm Credit Administration; Annual Report,

FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION 2 8 1
No. 299.— F e d e r a l L a n d B a n k s — P r i n c i p a l A s s e t s a n d L i a b i l i t i e s a s op
D e c . 31: 1931 t o 1939
[In thousands of dollars]
ASSETS
LIABILITIES
D ECEM BER
31—
1931.
1932.
1933.
1934.
m s .
1936.
1937.
1938.
1939.
Total
Mortgage
loans 7
1,282,880 1,162,889
1,380,527 1,116,236
1,514,410 1,213,110
2,230,025 1,895,810
%391,897 2, 070, 612
2,466,863 2,062,559
2,389,979 2,033,542
2,341,118 1,976,717
2,300, 172 1,896,213
u . s.
Qovt. obligations,
direct and
fullyguaranteedJ
12,249
100,648
65,894
91,952
41,019
42,498
50,852
66,891
88,874
Cash on
hand and
In banks
Farm
loan
bonds
outstanding8
11,272 1,1C9,877
12,260 1,147,407
28,880 1,241,610
30,088 1,784,305
26, 624 1,927, m
50,970 1,964,480
20,231 1,797,435
20,103 1,762,054
37,184 1,742,835
Capital stock
Owned
by U. S.
Govt.
205
125,046
124,048
117,017
12s , m
124,060
124,122
124,960
125,000
Other4
65,471
04,001
69,619
103,977
112,893
114,487
113,844
113,320
111, 476
Paid-in
surplus,
U. S.
Govt.
17,418
769,269
r 94,291
7128,010
7 160.426
7183,310
7 187,875
Reserve
and undivided
profits *
15,869
« 1 6 ,0 2 3
« 1 7 ,0 2 5
« 4 ,0 7 5
027,871
8 40,277
• 62,013
« 78,892
« 9 1 ,6 3 8
1Less payments on principal and principal of delinquent and extended installments.
1Less amounts sold under repurchase agreements.
*Unmatured. Figures for 1932 include $18,500,000 of bonds issued to the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
and for 1933, $142,118,000.
1Owned by national farm loan associations and individual borrowers.
4 N ot including speoial reserves set up against particular assets.
6 Less impairment or deficit. The decrease in reserves and undivided profits for 1934 resulted largely from
a change in accounting procedures. Includes earned surplus beginning with 1937.
’ Includes olaims not yet paid: $8,064,000 for 1034, $2,710,000 for 1035, $6,094,000 for 1936, $3,621,000 for 1937,
$881,000 for 1038, and $186,000 for 1939.
No. 300.— F e d e r a l F a r m M o r t g a g e C o r p o r a t i o n — P r i n c i p a l A s s e ts a n d
L i a b i l i t i e s a s o f D e c . 31, 1939
[In thousands of dollars]
Amount
J
Amount
Assets, total - ___ ______________ _ 1,516,377 liabilities, total_________________ 1,516,377
Mortgage loans (unpaid principal)......... . i 600,880 Federal Farm Mortgage Corporation
Cash with the Treasurer of the United
bonds outstanding, less on hand........... 1,279,388
States and undepositecl receipts............ 18,936 Accrued interest on Federal Farm Mortgage
Corporation bonds (not yet due)__ 8,349
Consolidated Federal farm loan bonds
(par).........................................................
Matured interest on Federal Farm Mortgage
Corporation Accrued interest receivable (not yet duo).
bonds...................
761,130
16,763
28,668
i First-mortgage loans, $251,764,000; second-mortgage loans, $439,116,000.
Reserve for losses on mortgage loans____
Capital stock, XI. S. Government.............
1,217
6,387
21,036
200,000
No. 301.— J o i n t - S t o c k L a n d B a n k s — P r i n c i p a l A s s e t s a n d L i a b i l i t i e s
a s o p D e c . 31: 1934 t o 1939
N o t e .—Banks in receiverships are not included after date of receivership. The Farm Mortgage Act of
1933, approved May 12, prohibited the joint-stook banks from making new fann-mortgago loans, except
in connection with refinancing of existing loans, and provided for the orderly liquidation of the banks
fizz thousands cl dollars)
A ssets, total_________ ____ ________
M ortgage lo a n s 1................................................
P u rch a se m oney m ortgages, contracts, e tc .
C ash a n d securities_____________________
R e a l estate, sheriffs' certificates, e tc_____
O th e r assets___________ __ _____________
liabilities___________ . . . _______
B o n d s 1______________ __________ ________
N o te s payable__________________________
O th e r liabilities_____________ _____ _____
C a p ita l stock an d paid-in su rp lu s_______
E a rn e d surplus, reserves, a n d u n d iv id ed
profits.................................................................
1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
336,611 964,620 226,124 194,352 168,625 149, 542
232,859
14,013
33,266
49,067
7,416
336,611
270,230
9,170
8,714
38,098
10,399
165,300
18,000
21,247
53,954
6,029
264,820
205,228
7,331
6,468
37,682
7,911
126,517
22,586
21,741
50,908
4,282
226,124
105,010
9,382
7,422
37,103
7,207
99,276
25,242
17,076
49,249
3,509
104,852
133,172
7,163
5,919
35,802
12,296
83,467
24,036
10,741
41,520
2,701
168,526
111,373
8,293
5,424
34,117
9,318
62,878
22,212
25,439
30,911
2,102
140,542
96,871
7,611
3,850
33,858
i Less payments on principal and principal of delinquent Installments.
3 Includes bonds matured or called and certificates in lieu of fractional bonds.
Source of tables 298, 300, a ad 801: Department of Agriculture, Farm Credit Administration) Annuo]
Report.
2 6 7 7 0 6 ° — 4 1 ------- 2 0
7,352

2 8 2 BANKING AND FINANCE
No. 3 0 2 .—Joint-Stock Land Banks—Farm Mortgage Loans Cl o s e d a n d
Outstanding: 1922 to 1939
Note.—In thousands of dollars. Banks In receivership are included
YEAR
Loans
closed
Loans outstanding
Dec. 311
YEAR
Loans
closed
1922............................. 133,088 218,775 1931............................. 5,407
1923............................. 189,748 392,639 1932............................. 2,181
1924............................. 74,587 446,429 1933............................. 739
1925 131.431 545,559 1934
210
192fi 123,020 832,47D 1935 .................. 275
1027............................. 83, 710 669,798 1936............................. 337
1028...... 40,572 656, 516 1937............................. 307
1029............................. 18,180 626,980 1938............................. 176
1930............................ 5,236 590,811 1939............................. 803
1Unmatured principal, except for banks in receivership, for which unpaid principal is used.
L o a n s o u t­
s ta n d in g
u g o . 3 i 1
C3fl.
4 , 383
705
1 , 103
3 ,0 3 5
1 , 014
352
0 . 708

FEDERAL INTERMEDIATE CREDIT BANKS 285
No. 3 0 3 .— F e d e r a l I n t e r m e d i a t e C r e d i t B a n k s — P r i n c i p a l A s s e ts a n d
L i a b i l i t i e s a s o e D e c . 31: 1927 t o 1939
[In thousands of dollars]
ASSETS
LIABILITIES
All banks:
1927........
im .....
T o ta l
L o a n s a n d d is c o u n ts 1
C o o p e ra ­
tiv e associa
tio n s
B a n k s
for co o p ­
e ra tiv e s
F in a n c ­
in g in s titu
tio n s
U .S .o b ­
lig atio n s,
d ire c t
a n d fu lly
g u a r­
a n te e d 3
C ash on
h a n d
a n d in
b a n k s
P a id -in
c a p ita l
a n d s u r­
p lu s,U .S .
G o v e rn ­
m e n t
S u rp lu s
earn e d ,
reserv es,
a n d u n ­
d iv id e d
p ro fits 3
118,073 31,991 43,924 500 3,865 25,000 1,680
118,006 36,174 45,103 50 3,242 27,000 1,934
1929 .................... 110,812 26,073 50,018 1,117 2,930 30,000 2, 210
1930 .................... 167,649 64,377 65, 633 2,234 4,482 30,000 3,239
1931 .................... 156, 499 45,177 74,691 1,366 4,118 30,000 3,947
1932 .................... 137,172 9,866 82,518 6,813 8,511 32,000 2,166
1933 .................... 195, 049 15,211 134,252 32,747 8,979 60,000 3,579
1934 .................... 273,449 33,969 155, 347 74, 205 5,316 100,000 3,397
1935 .................... 239,755 2,731 8,047 143,822 «73,255 9, 587 100,000 5,962
1936 .................... 255,086 1,641 22,314 148,576 1 73,215 8,876 100,000 8,386
1937 ........................................
290,707 1,813 29,165 175,803 « 73,404 8,245 100,000 12.601
1938.......
288,029 920 25,284 176,126 e 73,999 9,587 100,000 16,195
328,763 1,835 17, 911 180,153 « 74,800 52, 707 100,000 19,180
Springfield....... 19,881 900 240 11,337 4,500 2,852 5,400 1,668
Baltimore____ 18,417 2,072 9,089 5,200 1,987 5,800 1,176
Columbia........ 16,519 400 6,921 6,325 2,749 10,200 283
Louisville........ 34,167 975 21,148 5,050 6,880 5,800 1,815
New Orleans.- 15,997 3,813 5,524 8,650 2,911 6,200 798
St. Louis......... 30, 566 935 282 19,529 4,275 5,426 5,500 1,491
St. Paul........... 33, 762 1,177 17,857 9,350 5,224 10,700 2,745
Omaba______ 24,798 341 14,449 7,150 2,622 8,800 2,650
Wichita_____ 26,857 2,254 13,870 7,250 3,424 9,600 1,901
Houston.......... 34,067 438 23,046 6,360 6,194 7,800 2,627
Berkeley.......... 35,460 4,275 16,577 9,500 4,986 13,400 393
Spokane........... 38,272 1,644 20,806 7,200 8,450 10,800 1 ,614
1 Exclusive of interbank loans.
* Less sold under repurchase agreement.
* Net amount after deducting Impairment or deficit.
1Adjusted for debentures held by banks of issue and by other Federal intermediate credit banks.
* Carried at cost or par, whichever is lower.
Debentures
outstanding
(unmatured)
*
50,450
42.475
45,695
101,225
77,490
72,270
128,185
164,370
131,005
143.950
174.950
168, 725
207.200
12,700
11.350
5.950
26,375
8.950
23,300
19,925
13.200
15.200
23.350
21.475
25,425
No. 306.-— F e d e r a l I n t e r m e d i a t e C r e d i t B a n k s — L o a n s a n d D i s c o u n t s
M a d e , b y T y p e o p I n s t i t u t i o n : 1935 t o 1939
[In thousands of dollars]
YEATl AND RANK
Total
LOANS TO AND DISCOUNTS FOR
FINANCING INSTITUTIONS
Total
Production
credit associations
Other
Discounts
for banks
for cooperatives
Direct
loans to
cooperative
associations
1935.
1936.
1937.
1938.
1939
Ṡpringfield...
Baltimore__
Columbia___
Louisville__
New Orleans.
St. Louis.......
St. Paul........
Omaha..........
Wichita........
Houston.......
Berkeley___
Spokane.......
414,156 300,114 210,670 149,444 9,533 44,509
381,661 347,634 241,428 106,206 30,272 3,755
449.506 407,281 305,823 101,458 37,156 5.129
464,022 422,219 331,753 90,466 39,135 2,668
471,938 438,247 351,690 86,557 29, 5S3 4,156
24,447 21,313 20,370 943 1,134 2,000
20,923 16,907 15,614 1,293 4,016
36, 784 36,045 35,217 828 739
40,301 38,454 35, 257 3,197 1,847
30,189 26,042 20,058 6,984 4,147
45,101 41,990 35,946 6,044 1, 560 1,551
30, 744 29,542 23,600 5,942 1,202
81, 745 31,250 27,448 3,802 495
34,613 81,649 27,125 4,524 2,964
73, 944 72,284 33,793 38,491 1,660
54,206 46,201 38,149 10,052 7,400 605
48, 939 46,670 41,113 5,457 2,369
Source of tables 305 and 306: Department of Agriculture, Farm Credit Administration; Annual Report.

2 8 4 BANKING AND FINANCE
N o 3 0 7 .— P boouctio n C r e d it A ss o c ia t io n s— -Ap p l ic a t io n s R e c e iv e d a n d
L oans C losed D u r in g 1938 a nd 1939 a n d L o a n s O u t s t a n d in g D e c . 31,
1938 and 1939, by Sta t es
N o t e — Amounts in thousands of dollars. Includes data for associations which have been placed in
liquidation
DISTRICT AND STATE
Total..
District No, I........
Maine...............
New Hampshire.
Vermont...........
Massachusetts...
Rhode Island—
Connecticut......
Now York.......
New Jersey.......
District No, 2.......
Pennsylvania...
Delaware—. .__
Maryland1...... .
Virginia........... .
West Virginia...
Puerto Rico___
District No. 8....... .
North Carolina-
South Carolina..
Georgia............ .
Florida.............
District No. 4....... .
Ohio.................
Indiana.............
Kentucky........
Tennessee........
District No, 5.......
Alabama..........
Mississippi.......
Louisiana.........
District No. 6.......
Illinois..............
Missouri..........
Arkansas..........
District No. 7.......
Michigan.........
Wisconsin........
Minnesota.......
North Dakota..,
District No. 8.......
Iowa.................
South Dakota...
Nebraska..........
Wyoming........ .
District No. 9...... .
Kansas............ .
Oklahoma.........
Colorado...........
New Mexico.....
District No. 10 ...
Texas............
District No. 11.......
Ari2ona.........
Utah.................
Nevada.............
California......
District No 12.
Montana...........
Idaho................
Washington......
Oregon *............
NUMBER OF
APPLICATIONS
RECEIVED
LOANS CLOSED
1938 1939
808,489 278, Q98 243,484 302,823 234,288
18,899 17,509
1,147 1,009
606 432
2,240 2,076
1,271 1,047
491 407
I, 382 1,482
9,440 8,930
2,310 2,120
17,603 15,962
7,945 7,018
519 493
2,261 1,947
5,210 5,0-43
1,277 101
291 360
56,630 50,400
22,055 20,326
14,205 12,178
Hi, 325 14, 644
4,051 3,252
45,274 43,203
14,582 13,444
13,038 12,134
7,921 8,606
9,133 8,959
SO, 971 27,505
0,817 5.705
16,034 14,258
8,120 7,542
40,072 36,320
1B,Q6G 13,594
13,136 12,630
10,870 10,096
34,943 30,917
8,022 6,593
13,529 13,143
10,510 9,475
2,270 1.706
II. 11,294 390
4,464
3,335
3,204
327
15,876
5,017
7,070
2,347
S36
11.717
11.717
10,661
1,104
745
134
8, G78
12,547
3,823
3,489
3,013
2,222
4,290
3,428
3,267
309
13,636
3,875
6,596
2,384
781
II, 797
11,797
8,789
903
618
110
7,135
10,789
3,378
3,373
2,006
1,972
Number
Amount
advanced
Number
13.038 18/114
703 827
301 321
1,730 1, 685
772 1,017
244 846
997 2,014
6,792 9,350
1,499 2,354
12,858 13,906
5,615 4,606
405 281
I , 2,867 603
4,036
925
274
45,071
18,871
11, 030
13,094
2,676
35,682
II, 713
9,881
7,252
6,836
24.038
4,865
12, m
6, 711
29,489
11, 951
8,698
8,840
27,601
5,723
U> 649
8,641
1,588
9,081
3,120
3, 059
2,620
282
10,895
3,017
5,347
1,825
706
10,549
10,849
6,898
749
598
101
5,45Q
8,468
2,918
2,457
1,654
1,439
320,981 156, 851 148,037 156,884 134,496
3,498
1.003
1,560;
28,899
7,935'
4,633
6,573
4,758
32,663
10,577
11,870
5,162
5,054
18,588
4,215
8,368
6.004
84,353
17, 574
10,629
6,150
81.973
3.295
8,427
9,141
1,109
25,600
9.295
5,458
7,407
3,439
26,893
5.663
6,400
8,948
5,883
30.498
30.498
82, 992
3,810
4,238
2,578
22,366
41,182
14,643
11,023
4,615
10, 902
LOANS OUTSTANDING DEC. 31
Amount
advanced
Number
1938 t m
Amount Number
Amount
U, 492 U, 323 11,044 11,968
1,194 875 09S 774
202 174 227 17?
1,535
755
1,101 1,47C 1,084
815 01C 014
230 54S 202 473
898 1,381 871 1,363
5,326 6,34S ■6,404 4 372
1,280 1,484 1,202 1, 400
9,579 1,600 10,018 8,434
4, 504 2,594 4,64£ 2,002
318 154 332 190
1,319 1, ISO 1,310 i, m
2,301 1,731 2,702 2,112
802 712 826 826
275 1,211 288 1,071
15,104 7,108 13,115 7, 911
3,758 1,006 3,897 1,091
3,412 869 1, 017 697
6, HE 1,785 5, 574 2,037
1,821 3,440 2, 027 3,480
29,929 17,584 32,409 SO, 648
10,417 6,147 10, 538 G, 580
8,783 5,002 9,303 7,033
5,504 2,747 6,808 3,044
6> 135 2,780 6,700 3, 292
7,264 8,919 9,185 4, 970
1,810 1,181 2, 468 1, 068
3,324 1,187 4, 073 1, 051
2,130 1,551 2,044 1, G62
17, 210 12,274 19,405 10, 980
8,876 7,397 9,579 9, 553
0,097 3,754 7,178 5, 770
2.243 1,123 2,648 1,061
29,225 15, 632 26,088 14, 287
6,762 2,950 5,31G 2,288
11,660 5,9 OS 11,079 8,693
8,710 6,707 8,176 5,034
2, Q03 938 1, 517 772
7,032 11,901 7,901 13, 346
2,600 4,008 2,595 4,588
2,885 2,731 2.844 2,990
2,224 3,468 2,228 3;&27
223 1,694 234 1, 042
8,767 11,480 8, 537 12, 386
2,820 2,075 2,683 2,692
4,138 2.811 3, 834 3,124
1,358 3,567 1, 551 4,084
451 2,427 469 2,487
6, S19 10,211 7,103 12,027
6,319 10,211 7,103 12, 027
6,291 16, 397 5,336 IS, 500
635 1,813 559 1,785
517 2,268 513 1,892
94 1,436 92 100
4,945 10,880 4,172 8,041
7,733 22,108 6,748 19, 541
2,396 6,840 2,262 7,153
1,937 5,475 1,800 6,079
2,093 3,925 1, 561 2,319
1,307 6,868 1,125 4, 090
Mucn.de., all of Northwest L i v e
c k S t i M
Source: D e p a r t s of Agriculture, Farm Credit AdmUxtetrettav, AnmmiReport.

RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE CORPORATION 285-
N o . 3 0 8 .— R e c o n s t r u c t i o n F in a n c e ) C o r p o r a t io n — L o a n a n d O t h e r
A u t h o r i z a t i o n s , b y C h a r a c t e r o f L o a n s ; P u r c h a s e s o f S e c u r i t i e s F ro m
P W A ; a n d A l l o c a t i o n s t o O t h e r G o v e r n m e n t a l A g e n c ie s : F e b . 2, 1932,
t o D e c . 31, 1939
[In thousands of dollars]
loan and other authorizations, by character of loan, total...................
B ants and trust companies__ ________ _________ _________
Loans to aid in the reorganization or liquidation of closed
banks2..... ....................... .........
Loans to open banks 3............................................. ...............
Loans on and subscriptions for preferred stock, and purchases
of capital notes or debentures.................................
Agricultural financing institutions, etc_____________________
Loans to Federal land banks....... -............................... _.......
Loans to Federal intermediate credit banks................... ......
Loans to regional agricultural credit corporations.......... ......
Loans to Commodity Credit Corporation.............................
Loans to Secretary of Agriculturo to acquire cotton.............
Loans to joint-stock land banks.............................................
Loans to agricultural credit corporations......... -...................
Loans to livestock credit corporations......... -..........-............
Authorizations for financing exports of agricultural surpluses......................................................................................
Loans for financing agricultural commodities and livestock.....................................................................................
Other financial institutions.............................................................
Building and loan associations (including receivers)............
Insurance companies:
Loans.................................................................................
Loans on and subscriptions for preferred stock..............
Mortgage-loan companies:6
Loans.................................. ............................... ............
Loans to the R. F. 0 . Mortgage Co................................
Loan to Federal National Mortgage Association............
Subscription for stock of tbe R. F. C. Mortgage Co----
Subscription for stock of the Federal National Mortgage
Association..........................-..........................................
Railroads (including receivors and trustees)................................
Business enterprises—loans and p a r t i c i p a t i o n s ................
Mining, milling, or smelting of ores—loans.................................
Self-liquidating projects.................... -.......
Drainage, levee, and irrigation districts.......................................
Repair of damage by earthquake, flood, etc................................
Other............................................................ -................................
Loans to credit unions......................-............. -......................
Loans to processors, or distributors subject to processing
Loans to State funds for securing repayment of deposits of
public moneys.....................-...........................-...................
Loans to refinance public-school district obligations..........
Loan for payment of teachers’ salaries...................................
Amounts made available for relief, under the Emergency
Relief and Construction Act of 1932, as amended..............
Loan to Rural Electrification Administration.......................
Purchases of securities from Public Works Administration..............
Allocations to other governmental agencies......................................... *678
TOTAL, FE B , 2 ,1 0 3 2 , TO
DEC. 31, 1939
Disbursed
Repaid1
Outstanding
Deo.
31,1939
7,362,605 5,608,251 1, 756, 354
3, 303, 746 2,642, 386 660, 359
994,582 944,908 49, 584
1,138,234 1,067,395 70,839
1,169,929 629,093 539,936
1,449,601 1,445,044 4, 657
* 387,236 211, 237 79,420 131,817
5,088 2,385 2,703
408, 331 322,259 86,072
88,729 4.731 83,098
12,003 10.335 1.668
482, 745 335,955 140,790
6D0 584 16
15 15
13,065 13,065
280 4 276
22,300 22,300
200,085 3 299,985
146,600 2 146,498
623,275 502.467 120,808
2,474,418 •2,474,418 —
1Exclusive of repayments unallocated, pending advices, as of Dec. 31, 1939.
9 Includes loans to receivers, liquidating agents, and conservators; loans through mortgage loan companies
to aid closed banks; and loans on assets of closed banks under Sec. So of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Act, as amended.
3 Excludes loans through banks to business enterprises (shown elsewhere).

2 8 6 BANKING ASH STOANGE
N o. 3 0 9 .— G overnm en ta l C o r po r a t io n s a n d C r e d it A g e n c ie s o f th e
Un ited Sta tes— Ass e t s a nd L ia b il it ie s a s o f D e c . 31, 1939
[In millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
Total
AbsoIs, total 1..................... 12,822.7 1,687.2
Loans.......................... 8,1341 1,072.9
Preferred stock, etc........ 741,1 488.7
Cash®................. -......... 452.6 13.0
investments:
U. S. securities........... 757.9 48.1
Securities guaranteed
by U .S.................... 129.9
Other i n v e s tm e n t s ..891.4 8.3
Other assets................ 1,708.7

N o. 3X0.—Bank Clearings for Leading Cit ie s: 1922 to 1939
N ote.—In millions of dollars. Cities are listed in order of importance according to clearings in 1939. No figures are given for Los Angeles, which ranked eighth in 1929 but has not
reported clearings for any subsequent year. Comparability of figures for different years is affected by the tendency toward consolidation of banks, eliminating former clearings,
between 2 or more banks. Z>ebits to individual account (tables 311 and 312) are a better measure of volume of payment. For figures for earlier years for all cities reporting to-
New York Clearing House Association, 1882 to 1920, and for figures for 146 identical cities, 1920 to 193S, see table 293, Statistical Abstract, 1937
CITY 1922 1923 1934 1925 1926 1927 1933 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Total______________ 363, 680 380,088 421,604 473,977 484,625 516,358 593,454 686,156 520, 155 393, 125 245, 763 232,715 251,447 285; 499 313, 603 317,080 279, 210 290,200’
New York______________ 217, 900 213,996 249,868 283,619 290, 354 321, 234 391,727 477,242 347,110 263,270 160,138 157,414 161, 507 181, 551 193,549 186,740 185,156 165,914
Philadelphia___________ 22,488 24, 651 25,645 29,079 29,258 28,354 29,377 31,837 26, 360 19, 701 13, 970 12,424 14,515 16, 909 18, 745 19,724 17,969 19,823
Chicago________ ____ ___ 28,036 31,113 31, 654 35,392 34,907 35,958 37,842 36,714 28, 708 19,201 10, 937 9,612 11,194 13,195 15,728 17, 013 14,561 15,556
Boston------- -------------- 16, 453 19, 310 21,323 22,482 25,130 26,468 25,829 27,610 23,080 18, 373 10,554 9,405 9,843 10,646 11, 863 11,914 10,507 11,516
San Francisco _____ ____ 7,274 8,049 8,366 9,479 9,800 10,118 11,491 10,938 9,559 7,142 5,054 4,685 5,475 6,469 7, 230 7,914 7,053 7,350
P ittsburgh______________ 6,758 8,213 8,037 8,857 9,198 9,289 9,453 10,163 9,247 6.656 4,160 3,795 4,465 5,246 6,664 7,387 5,561 6,119
D etroit____ ____ ___ ____ 5, 3S9 6,694 7,356 8.431 8,813 8, 770 10,434 11,558 8,440 6,167 3,236 1,941 3,575 4, 523 5,351 5,868 4,420 5,054
Cleveland— .......... ............ 4,646 5,550 5,441 5,997 6,179 6,457 6, 913 7,964 6,638 5,123 3,344 2,531 2,979 3,417 4,265 5,128 4,352 5,028
K ansas City, M o___ ____ 6,811 6,882 6.582 7,036 7,302 7,245 7, 254 7,451 6,302 4.400 3,186 2,864 3,619 4.348 4.769 5,258 4,406 4,767
St. Louis............................... 6, 718 7,204 7,174 7, 627 7,632 7,387 7,566 7,278 6,146 4. 588 3,070 2,897 3,452 3,941 4,498 4,815 4,211 4,528
Baltimore______________ 4,142 4.838 5,025 5,832 5.954 5.618 5.260 5.287 4,820 3.852 2,893 2,044 2,640 2,911 3,349 3, 643 3,274 3,586
M inneapolis______ ______ 3, 370 3,677 4,026 4,463 4,110 4,095 4,420 4, 705 4,016 3,172 2,438 2,518 2,704 3,045 3,337 3,686 3,256 3,467
A tlanta___________ ______ 2 ,191 2,734 2,896 3,604 3,056 2,688 2,679 2,928 2,258 1,836 1,414 1, 503 1,957 2,205 2.601 2,880 2,671 3,010
C incinnati______________ 3,003 3,445 3,353 3,710 3,885 3,877 3,901 3.911 3,203 2,838 2,089 1,815 2,124 2,466 2,881 3,230 2,780 2,985
Dallas_____ ................. 1,393 1,739 2,214 2,557 2,518 2, 651 2,784 2,882 2,122 1,803 1, 381 1,401 1,743 1,969 % 402 2,700 2,535 2,789
H o u s t o n __________.....___ 1, 243 1,487 1,578 3,766 1,881 1,873 1,826 2,009 1,676 1,385 1,009 1,051 1,246 1,420 1,809 2,166 2,124 2,387
R ichm ond____________ 2,304 2.608 2,823 2,839 2,610 2,517 2,320 2,333 2.287 1, 749 1,369 1,288 1,568 1,697 1,863 2,112 1,982 2,106
N ew Orleans____________ 2,406 2,811 2,986 3,170 3,085 3,056 2,908 2,734 2, 315 2,010 1,362 934 1, 251 1,434 1,706 1,973 1,905 2,067
Seattle_________________ 1, 658 1.949 2,039 2,205 2,353 2,367 2,543 2,654 1.998 1,563 1,141 985 1,184 1, 460 1,727 1,986 1,709 1,842
L ouisville_____________ 1, 336 1,532 1,612 1,744 1,782 1,880 1,936 1,941 1,850 1,134 911 916 1,189 1,395 1, 631 1,786 1,636 1,779
Buffalo_______ _________ 2,011 2,346 2,310 2,782 2,727 2, 736 2.850 3, 396 2, 604 1,930 1,294 1,206 1,342 1,473 1,693 1,887 1.539 1,663
Portland, Oreg__________ 1, 601 1,872 1,899 2,015 2,104 1.979 1,986 2,074 1,770 1,384 896 847 1.078 1,279 3,472 1,652 1.472 1.603
D enver___ _____________ 1,464 1. 656 1.611 1,668 1,689 1, 733 1,864 1,861 1,694 1,295 960 862 1,050 1,264 1,481 1,666 1,486 1,576
Omaha_________ ________ 1,982 2,103 2,004 2,188 2,104 2,102 2,312 2, 398 2,183 1,725 1,102 997 1, 375 1, 503 1,647 1,611 1,468 1,566
St. Paul— ______________ 1,600 1,805 L 618 1,631 1, 617 1,556 1,626 1,438 1,200 1, 016 768 760 1,034 1,171 1,290 1,348 1,258 1,329
W ashington, D. 0 * ______ 980 3,102 1.167 1,353 1,393 1,386 1,436 1,481 1,318 1,233 957 618 739 935 1,128 1,256 1,147 1,206
Birm ingham ____________ 1,125 1, 306 1,367 1,372 1,338 1.333 1,284 1, 277 1,010 669 455 506 737 816 927 1,055 950 1,103
M em phis- _____________ 1,009 1,140 1,114 1,233 1,197 1,192 1,173 1,240 954 660 551 600 760 828 1,036 1,043 956 1,100
M ilwaukee_____________ 1, 570 1, 876 1, 912 2,062 2,200 2,246 2,158 1,825 1,487 1,157 774 562 695 829 1,027 1,095 992 1,051
Indianapolis____________ 886 1,055 985 904 1,192 1,208 1,208 1,286 1,092 852 630 490 597 724 862 956 888 977
N ashville_______________ 898 1,004 1,012 1,122 1,127 1,199 1,180 1, 235 1,079 628 460 468 575 697 809 934 904 973
Jacksonville.......................... 514 653 808 1,446 1,505 1,002 833 778 675 589 431 384 530 625 754 921 860 970
N ew ark.................................. (0 896 988 1,129 1,310 1, 374 1,520 1, 874 1, 791 1,542 1,100 785 861 915 1,013 1,057 905 938
Salt Lake C ity ................... 672 785 805 S9S 922 924 954 1,035 918 715 490 460 549 648 756 857 708 787
H artford............................... 490 567 654 763 801 832 904 1,035 768 589 424 421 445 558 591 605 550 581
Columbus, Ohio_________ 729 788 729 803 880 923 892 906 793 602 386 346 447 526 611 644 532 554
Providence^_____________ 581 633 622 718 714 729 814 876 684 574 428 370 411 460 539 571 525 548
i No data available. .
Source: Commercial and Financial Chronicle.
sesnmnp mvs

2 8 8 BANICING AND FINANCE
N o . 3 1 1 . — B ank D e b i t s t o I n d i v i d u a l A c c o u n ts — V o lu m e R e p o r t e d by
B a n k s i n 141 L e a d in g C i t i e s , b y D i s t r i c t s , 1922 t o 1939, a n d b y M o n th s
1935 t o 1939 ’
N o t e .*— All figures m millions of dollars, Figures represent debits or charges on books of reporting
member and nonmember banks to deposit accounts of individuals, firms, and corporations, and of
United States, State, county, and municipal governments, including debits to savings accounts, payments
from trust accounts, and certificates of deposit paid. Debits to accounts of other banks or in settlement
of clearing-house balances, payment of cashiers' checks, charges to expense and miscellaneous
accounts, corrections, and similar charges are not inducted
Y E A R
Total
1922 ............. 439, 364
1923 ............. 463,726
1924 ............. 491,691
192*>.......................... 570,064
1920........................ GQ7,956
1927 ............. 673,861
1928 ............. 806, 405
1029.......................... 935,027
1930 ............. 661,057
1931 ............ 483,357
1932
322,366
1933 CXI months) 1__ 282,706
1934 ............. 331,505
1935 ............. 374,170
1936 .............. 428,606
1937 ............. 433,042
1938 .......................... 373,523
1939 ............. 389,680
YEAR
1922 .......
1923 .............
1924 .............
1925 ..............
1926 ........
1927 .............
1028..........................
1929..........................
1030..........................
1931 .............
1932 .............
1933 (11 months) i__
1934 .......
1935 ........
1G38_.................
1937..........................
1938.......................
1939,.................
Atlanta
district
(16
cities)
0,579
11,137
11, 721
13, 013
14,264
13, 790
13,707
14, 267
11, 023
9,010
7,350
6,445
8, 004
8,536
0,586
10,840
10,270
11,007
YEAR Jan. Feb.
All districts:
1935.................
1930..................
1937................
1038..................
1939..................
Excl. New York
City:
1935 .
1936 .
1637..............
1038..................
1939..................
New York City:
29,980
35,424
39,488
32,084
32,393
14,983
17,499
20,391
17,607
17,860
26,659
31,572
34, 530
25,647
27,581
13,110
15,766
17, 629
14, 633
15,201
1935 ..........................
14, 907 12, 549
1936 . 17,925 15,806
1937 . 10,090 16,907
1038................ 14, 477 10,015
1939.................. 14,533 12,380
1No flguros available for March.
Total,
excl.
New
York
City
109,509
225,330
228, 101
250,690
268,901
282, 303
308,193
331, 938
277, 317
217, 523
154, 401
134, 257
165, 557
190, 165
219, 670
235, 206
204, 745
218, 208
New
York
City
230,855
238,396
263, 530
313,374
339,055
391, 558
500,211
603,089
384,639
263,834
167,964
148,440
165,948
184,006
208,936
107,836
168,778
171,382
Boston
district
(11
cities)
22,892
24,851
25,675
29,014
31,033
33,666
34,228
37,472
30,221
24,153
17,727
16,556
18,365
20,497
23,461
23,696
20,386
21,478
CHICAGO DISTRICT (21 CITIES)
Total
49,304
55, 367
55, 905
63,575
67,217
70,196
70,062
88,910
72,434
55,257
38,043
32,129
41, 252
49, 644
58,81Q
01, 717
52, 525
57,101
City of
Chicago
32, 331
35,279
35, 723
40,470
42,839
45, 070
51,162
58, 739
47,094
35,065
23,823
21,930
26,326
31,111
36,612
37,348
32,757
34, 966
M a r. Apr. May
Excl.
Chicago
31,649 31,560 30,108
37,496 34,783 33, 225
42,013 37,144 34,416
32,120 31,16S 28,841
34,486 30,143 31,928
15,754 15,645 15,557
17,866 17,497 10,998
21,610 20,062 19, 302
17, 373 16,597 16,023
18, 211 16,832 17,763
15,895 15,905 14,551
19,620 17,285 10,227
20,308 17.082 15,114
14,740 14,672 12, 828
16,274 13.311 14,165
16,073
20,088
20,272
23,105
24,378
24,225
27,000
30,171
25,340
20,192
14,220
10,100
14,926
18,533
22,198
24,309
19,768
22,135
June
31,475
37,503
30,463
32,707
3,9883
15,808
18,880
20,030
17,160
18,676
15,667
18,623
16,434
15,837
15,312
NEW YORE DIS­
TRICT (7 CITIES)
Total
Excl.
New
York
Philadelphia
district
(10
cities)
Cleveland
district
(13
cities)
Richmond
district
.(7
cities)
247,007 7,212 10,98S 22,290 7,716
246,493 A 097 22,301 26,140 8,601
271,861 8,331 22,773 25,775 8,298
322,843 9,409 25,253 2 8 , 72 6 9,103
348,833 9,778 26,248 30,022 9,386
401,819 10,260 27,291 32,180 9,231
5 1 1 ,5 8 4 11,374 30,463 33, 317 0,086
616,060 12,072 33. 440 36,025 9,379
395,354 10,714 26, 000 31, 256 8,896
272,183 8,8 4 9 21,062 24,079 7,661
174,577 6, 613 14,811 15,427 6,994
154,108 5,659 12,070 13, 011 4,852
172,647 6,699 15,794 16,475 6,341
191,390 7,390 17,807 19,028 6,988
216,903 7,968 19,442 22,571 8,005
206,583 8,747 20, 217 24,925 8,817
176,766 7,978 18,150 19,802 7,952
179,573 8,192 19,724 21, 462 8,465
O b.
Louis
district
(5
cities)
10,939
12,794
12,812
14,386
H , 741
14,750
15,405
15,651
13,031
10,464
7,832
6,087
8,491
9,667
10,974
11,697
10,305
11,311
July
33,287
34,816
30,914
30,505
30,477
16,550
18,617
20.163
16,677
17,883
16,737
16,199
16,751
13,828
12,794
Minneapolis
district
(9
cities)
6,071
7,495
8,240
9,039
8,301
8,699
9,297
10,139
8,662
8,710
5,038
5,079
5,751
6,471
7,258
7,687
6,000
7,253
Aug.
30,268
31,469
31,896
28,270
30,613
15,530
17,106
18,42Q
16,023
17,406
14,732
14,362
13,476
12,247
13,318
Kansas
City
district
(15
cities)
12,445
13,494
12,778
14,193
14,824
15,088
10,082
17,818
15, 770
11,930
8,644
7,876
•iu, yAJ-
12,475
13,908
12,156
12,407
Sept,
20,030
33,242
33,371
29, 525
33,604
15,016
17, 586
18,652
10,440
18,526
14,014
15, m
14, 718
13, 085
15,138
Dallas
district
(10
cities)
Oct,
32, 577
37,313
36,085
33,235
32,711
16,844
20,142
19,934
18,096
19,029
15,733
17,1 7 1
16,151
15,140
13, 683
6,125
0,217
6,227
7 ,1 0 7
7,474
7,782
8,415
9,190
7,790
6,084
4,066
4,339
5, 550
0,356
7,484
8,786
8 ,1 7 4
8,012
Nov,
32,227
35,869
31, 603
20,463
31,676
16,085
18,475
18,171
17,039
1 8 , 636
15,542
17,304
13,432
12,425
13,041
San
Francisco
district
(18
cities)
24,5 6 2
28,936
20.635
32,731
35,663
39,470
45,670
46,673
39,924
31.255
22.256
19,356
23, COB
26,872
31.636
34,170
30,106
31,214
Deo.
36,360
45,896
39,114
39,966
40,010
18,676
23,238
20,837
21,087
2 2,386
17,684
2 2 ,6 5 8
18,2 7 7
18,879
17,633
and Fe^erS Beserv^BulleUn. °f tIle 'Federa* ^ eserve System, annual and current reports on hank debits

DEBITS TO INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS 289
No. 312.
B a n k D e b i ts t o I n d iv id u a l A c c o u n ts — V o lu m e R e p o r te d
B a n k s i n E a c h o e 141 L e a d in g C itie s : 1930 t o 1939
____________N o m -A U figures in millions of dollars. For totals by districts, see table 311
BY
DISTRICT AND CITY
1030 1931 1932 1933 1 1934 1936 1936 1937 1938 1030
Boston district:
Bangor, Maine
Boston, Moss.........
Fall River, M ass...
Hartford, C onn___
Holyoke, Mass.......
Lowoll, M ass..........
New Bedford, Mass.
New Haven, Conn.
Providence, 21. I ...
W aterbury, Conn..
Worcoster, M ass...
Now York district
Albany, N. Y.s.......
Binghamton, N . Y.
Buffalo, N, Y.........
Now York, N. Y._.
Passaic, N. J...........
Rochester, N. Y__.
Syracuse, N . Y .......
Philadelphia distriot:
Altoona, P a.............
Chester, P a .............
Lancaster. P a.........
Philadelphia, Pa.L.
Scranton, P a...........
Trenton, N- J.........
Wilkes-Barre, Pa__
Williamsport, Pa__
Wilmington, D el...
York, Pa..................
Cleveland distriot:
Akron, Ohio...........
Cleveland, Ohio__
Columbus, O hio...
Dayton, Ohio.........
Erie, Pa...................
Groonsburg, P a ___
Lexington, K y .......
Oil City, F a...........
Pittsburgh, P a.......
Springfield, Ohio...
Toledo, Ohio..........
Wheeling, W , V a..
Youngstown, Ohio.
Riohmond distriot:
Baltimore, M d.......
Charlotte, N. C__
Columbia, S. C___
Greenville, S. 0 __
Norfolk, Ya.............
Raloigk, N. C.........
Richmond. Y a.......
Atlanta district:
Atlanta, G a........ ..
Augusta, Go...........
Birmingham, A la..
Chattanooga, Tenn.
Jacksonville, F la...
Knoxville, T e n n ...
Macon, Ga_............
Mobile, Ala............
Montgomery, Ala..
Nashville, Tenn__
Now Orleans, L a...
Pensacola, F la.......
Savannah, Ga........
Tampa, Fla............
Vicksburg, Miss__
Chicago district:
Bay City, Micb__
Bloomington, 111...
Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
Chicago, 111.............
Davenport, Iowa...
Decatur, 111............
Des Moines, Iowa..
Detroit, Mich.........
Dubuque, Iowa___
Flint, M ich..
190
22, 074
277
2, 469
170
223
297
1, 355
1,882
439
845
For footnotes, seep, 200,
157
17,346
234
2,110
142
196
230
1,159
1,514
351
707
116
12,603
104
1,698
no
145
103
848
1,186
264
540
114
11,128
152
1,454
94
130
149
624
1,059
234
417
146
13,290
182
1,677
101
142
175
700
1,107
290
456
164
14,762
188
2,000
109
157
213
748
1,350
310
497
185
16,942
210
2,257
122
167
211
862
1,573
337
594
190
16,779
226
2,306
139
184
222
910
1,674
390
676
159
14,288
194
2,091
118
158
184
815
1,482
303
572
2,213 1,684 1,704 1,589 2,025 2,334 2,189 2,452 2,642
285 233 189 159 189 214 245 259 ' 237
4, SdO 3, 532 2,454 2,066 2,420 2,329 2,985 3,209 2,596
166
14,907
214
2,248
127
165
209
SG6
1,022
332
624
384, 639 263,834 167,904 148,449 165,048 184,006 208, 936 197; 836 168,778 171,382
493 432 293 173 215 264 285 320 287
1, 907 1,677 1,228 1,035 1,140 1,179 1,404 1,512 1,336 1.40Q
1,081 800 686 637 711 770 858 '995 '880 962
192 146 112 82 97 102 122 139 115 122
204 229 158 119 116 131 151 163 142 160
39 i 316 203 146 180 216 267 312 274 298
22, 254 17,840 11,907 10,645 13,030 14,741 15,974 16,345 14,553 15,814
700 700 605 457 520 531 554 553 507 523
90S 924 703 584 736 812 807 844 813 909
468 410 328 256 272 207 295 207 263 208
211 171 114 73 90 103 127 132 116 124
885 684 601 454 575 700 890 1,143 1,124 1,237
200 241 180 154 179 204 249 289 243 269
1,170 942 684 . 362 538 611 738 840 691 802
9,382 7,822 4,889 3,842 4,738 6,614 6,806 7,571 6,069 6,780
2,206 1,788 1,141 696 1,451 1,850 2,129 2,257 1,939 2,005
1, 000 804 623 403 489 589 765 012 723 763
467 375 240 182 226 257 320 397 300 323
236 100 63 42 60 65 81 93 80 83
208 236 187 161 208 238 249 302 280 282
106 147 106 65 86 106 122 138 112 119
11,937 9,101 6,027 5,478 6,800 7,604 8,677 9,456 7,332 7,676
271 209 138 111 144 168 193 230 192 201
2,190 1,492 893 792 1,024 1,129 1,483 1,070 1,340 1,443
528 440 319 292 324 342 306 417 326 351
812 603 314 285 387 455 552 637 471 566
5,166 4,413 3,384 2,454 3,137 3,427 4,049 4, 417 3,926 4,182
582 600 407 404 541 613 655 728 637 738
303 261 109 139 208 296 318 351 295 325
219 181 124 128 161 180 240 248 207 229
682 606 425 371 505 540 554 616 550 588
288 259 180 170 288 317 390 474 471 513
1,656 1,480 1,305 1,185 1,499 1, 614 1,800 1,982 1,866 1,870
1,917 1,625 1,283 1,200 1,560 1, 726 1,908 2,197 2,266 2,449
258 207 154 151 197 202 213 216 185 220
1,475 1,158 739 635 817 752 888 1, 069 945 1,060
571 455 320 275 329 393 458 512 480 536
834 684 513 477 013 702 792 901 841 017
372 307 247 167 221 257 297 346 341 368
203 156 113 106 131 145 171 182 161 187
443 350 272 234 281 309 366 464 443 446
288 205 153 157 236 259 260 279 249 274
1,087 826 640 583 743 863 911 1,005 936 1,023
3,631 3,162 2,307 1,920 2,202 2,198 2,463 2,719 2,589 2,655
80 70 62 51 69 80 97 106 97 103
442 362 286 252 204 313 303 402 330 337
354 298 226 187 252 267 307 346 319 341
70 54 46 49 61 72 92 97 88 01
139 113 74 H , 92 102 119 141 123 130
173 143 97 75 97 119 141 159 140 144
549 468 339 176 230 267 293 291 276 298
47,094 35,065 23,823 21,939 26,326 31, 111 36,012 37,348 32, 757 34,966
566 455 265 140 177 210 260 284 244 257
234 177 121 104 134 153 194 210 202 223
980 857 096 611 851 1,103 1,110 1,146 1,081 1,125
11,693 9,051 6,255 3,807 6,621 8,733 10, 010 11,928 8,899 10,439
179 137 86 63 81 100 107 116 106 110
446 360 251 161 216 205 323 364 233 209

2 9 0 BANKING AND FINANCE
N o. 3 1 2 ,— B a n k D e b i t s t o I n d i v i d u a l A c c o u n t s — V o lu m e R e p o r t e d b t
B a n k s i n E a c h o f 141 L e a d i n g C i tie s : 1930 t o 1939— Continued
DISTRICT AND CITY
1930
1931 19331 1934 1935 1936 103? 1938 i m
Chicago district—Continued.
Port Wayne, In d ._ ...........
Grand Rapids, Mich.........
Indianapolis, Ind._ ...........
Kalamazoo, Mich........... . .
Lansing, Mich....... ...........
Milwaukee, Wis________
Peoria, 111...........................
Rockford, 111.....................
Sioux City, Iowa............
South Bend, Ind................
Waterloo, Iowa____ _____
St. Ionia district:
Evansville, Ind............ .....
Little Rock, Ark................
Louisville, K y................ __
Memphis, Tenn.................
S t Louis, M o...................
Minneapolis district:
Aberdeen, S. Dnk._........__
Billings, Mont...................
Duluth, Minn_________
Fargo, N. Dak............ . .....
Grand Forks, N. D ak___
Helena, Mont...................
Minneapolis, M in n .........
St. Paul, Minn_________
Superior, Wis.....................
Kansas City district:
Albuquerque, N. Mex___
Bartlesville, Okla..................
Colorado Springs, C olo......
Denver, Colo....................
Joplin, Mo.............. ........
Kansas City, Kans...........
Kansas City, Mo______
Muskogee, Okla...............
Oklahoma City, Okla___
Omaha, Nobr_________
Pueblo, Colo...................
St. Joseph, Mo.._______
Topeka, Kans..........„......
Tulsa, Okla......................
Wichita, Kans..................
Balias district:
Austin, Tex..... ................
Beaumont, Tex________
Dallas, Tex___________
El Paso, Tex__________
Fort Worth, Tex....... ......
Houston, Tex.......... ........
Shreveport, La.............. ...
Texarkana, Tex................
Tucson, Ariz.....................
Waco, Tex.......................
San Francisco district:
Boise, Idaho______ ____
.Fresno, Call/....................
Long Beach, Calif._____
Los Angeles, Calif............
Oakland, Calif..............
Ogden, U tah.......... ........
Pasadena, Cali/....... ........
Portland, Oreg.................
Reno, Nev___ . _______
Sacramento, Calif_____ I
Salt Lake City, Utah___
San Diego, C alif.............
San Francisco, Calif........
Seattle, Wash............ .......
Spokane, Wash.............
Stockton, Calif...............
Tacoma, Wash.. ..
Yakima, W ash....
554
881
2,105
304
362
3,532
604
378
678
617
246
324
494
2,184
1,681
8,348
74
98
384
207
84
105
5,081
2,038
92
151
314
202
2,058
130
, 240
4,986
126
1,473
2, 507
252
563
246
1,780
743
243
302
2,641
433
1,084
2,222
451
97
131
192
175
395
580
11,999
2,317
224
403
2,10Q
133
581
885
057
15,055
2,814
612
285
529
178
434 283 216 272 323 399 437 365 377
754 538 330 429 508 598 673 554 937
1,885 1,482 1,226 1,565 1,810 2,106 2,439 2,188 2,402
252 176 116 149 192 230 270 225 259
281 177 100 172 213 261 310 239 271
2,932 2,215 1,988 2,457 2,760 3,276 3,402 2,906 3,108
£D1 372 338 455 540 746 762 660 m
271 133 129 170 217 203 330 266 286
603 304 290 374 417 471 436 421 440
446 291 190 262 341 432 474 390 442
172 84 77 121 159 185 200 193 210
269 187 161 202 253 341 386 316 362
329 223 187 267 339 418 450 407 478
1,674 1,248 1,196 1,551 1,660 1,885 1,984 1,772 1,863
1, 206 988 958 1,202 1,289 1,594 1,570 1,375 1,086
7,086 5,387 4,485 5,271 0,125 6,736 7,308 6,435 6,922
60 40 31 39 47 51 59 56 58
84 60 56 73 95 110 118 116 120
611 410 419 412 425 506 609 513 545
179 144 120 147 177 201 217 207 220
72 52 37 43 49 54 00 59 60
91 68 04 97 130 124 131 120 138
3,871 2,913 3,196 3,441 3,737 4,170 4,380 3,897 4,097
1,669 1,300 1,123 1,461 1,768 1,993 2,053 1,883 1,054
72 51 33 37 43 49 51 50 52
127 92 70 105 126 148 181 172 100
209 207 225 252 265 208 370 330 353
169 128 112 134 150 181 190 170 172
1,687 1,231 1,134 1,474 •1, 099 1,945 2,098 1,820 1,800
91 72 74 87 100 113 123 109 110
185 133 104 121 134 158 183 182 201
3,886 2,830 2,659 3,119 3,388 3, 703 4,184 3, 536 3,685
94 78 71 80 85 96 100 91 96
1,043 720 667 852 997 1,136 1,341 1,200 1,232
2,004 1,329 1,146 1,448 1,608 1,841 1,861 1,660 1,729
218 150 143 167 170 195 230 202 189
414 272 253 312 310 347 331 301 327
204 148 131 169 180 202 211 212 221
1,086 872 760 1,033 1,229 1,555 1,899 1, 641 1,563
543 384 328 417 495 555 606 531 530
221 191 173 261 320 293 358 377 410
236 168 141 195 240 262 307 279 279
2,001 1,585 1,505 1,955 2,162 2,671 3,000 2,824 2 , m
290 185 156 215 248 294 336 317 349
837 632 552 697 810 914 1.096 974 974
1,799 1,360 1,325 1,606 1,922 2,223 2,667 2,534 2,729
344 279 261 350 358 489 571 524 522
70 44 37 41 43 52 60 50 50
125 99 73 90 102 121 143 135 139
159 123 116 139 151 164 177 159 166
159 118 104 147 179 202 224 205 213
272 188 161 227 274 322 382 375 386
307 244 279 354 407 434 431 453
9,288 6,561 5,590 6,487 8,021 10,216 11,074 9,802 10,037
2,247 2,021 1,782 1,535 849 1,118 1, 269 1,141 i; 209
107 116 116 152 169 182 207 ' 183 101
354 249 198 218 258 297 343 311 309
1,711 1,177 1,142 1,478 1, 700 1,054 2,122 1,809 1,028
119 82 55 92 104 121 138 134 140
558 451 201 737 1,279 1,199 1,472 1,467 1,599
711 515 457 588 658 770 885 742 830
558 400 317 360 500 574 638 686 590
11,179 7,742 6,899 8,181 9, 568 10,638 10,993 9,482 9,631
2,242 1,515 1,338 1,652 1,880 2,316 2,533 2,157 2,316
485 328 244 367 445 538 592 513 564
208 151 126 170 191 232 258 232 230
385 243 209, 265 304 389 42g 382 429
142 93 82 128 139 161 177 155 158
xi juonins; no ngures available for March.
in accoraanco with approved formula and are not
f0\ cities
comparable
t0 whIch
with
thJs
later
DOte
figures.
is *dexed, were not compiled
a n d ° lS e r a ^
the Pederal E °serve System, annual and current reports on bank debits

EXCHANGE KATES 291
N o . 3 1 3 . — F o r e i g n E x c h a n g e R a t e s o n C a b l e T r a n s f e r s , N e w Y o r e
N o te.—Exchange quotations on various countries are partly or wholly nominal as follows: Argentina,
Bulgaria, Chile (official), Colombia, Hungary, and Uruguay (controlled)—since April 1933; Brasil
(official)—April 1933-November 1937, Dec. 31, 1B37, and since Jan. 22, 1938; British India—Sept. 1
and 21-30, Oct. 1-16, and since Oct. 24, 1939; Chile (export)—since Nov. 30, 1937; China—Mar. 26-29,
Aug. 18-23, 1937, and since Mar. 14, 1938; Czechoslovakia—Sept. 26-Oct. 10, 1036, and Sept. 22-Oct. 4,
1938; Denmark—Aug. 26 and Sept. 1,1939: Finland—Sept. 20-0ct. 15, 1936, and Aug. 26, Sept. 2, 6-8,
and since Nov. 30,1939; France—June 29-30,1937; Germany—Aug. 25-28 and since Aug. 31,1939; Greece—
slnee Sept. 26,1936; Hong Kong—Max. 26-29,1937, and Aug. 30-Oct. 16,1939; Italy—Nov. 23,1935-Apr. 1,
1936, Oct. 2-3,1930, and Aug. 26-28, Sept. 1,5-7,1039; Japan—Jan. 9-Feb. 26,1937, and Aug. 31-Sept. 2,
Sept, 8, Sept. 22-Oot. 16 and Oct. 24, 1939; Mexico—since Mar. 22, 1938; Norway—Aug. 26, 30-31, and
Sept. 2,1939; Poland—Apr. 28-Aug. 4, Sept. 29-Oet. 24,1936, Apr. 15, 1038, and Aug. 25,1930; Portugal—
Sept. 26,1936-Oot. 7,1037, Sept. 28, Oct. 4, 1938, and Aug. 25-30, Sept. 1-2,1939; Rumania—since Aug. 8,
1936; Spain—since July 31,1936; Straits Settlements—Mar. 26-30, 1037, and Aug. 25, Aug. 20-Oct. 10,1939;
Sweden—Aug. 25-28, and Aug. 30-Sept. 2, 1939; Yugoslavia—Aug. 11,1938-Sept. 16,1938, and Aug. 25,
and since Nov. 6, 1939. In Sept. 1936 exchange quotations on ail other countries, with the exception
ol Canada, Straits Settlements, and United Kingdom, were partly nominal.
Monetary unit
YEARLY AVERAGE RATE DJ DOLLARS
1031 1932 19331 1934 1 1935 1936 1937 1938 1930
North America:
Canada............... 0.0633 0.8800 0.0190 1.0101 0.0049 0.0901 1.0000 0.0942 0.9602
Mexico,................ Peso*_______ >.3540 .3185 .2810 .2774 .2778 .2776 .2775 .2212 .1930
South America;
Argentina............. Peso8_______ .6674 .5844 7280 .3358 .3266 .3314 .3206 .3260 '.3086
.0703 .0732 .0700 .0843 .0820 5.0857 o. 0864 .0584 •. 0600
Chile................... .1207 .0701 .0768 .1015 .0508 .0512 a. 0517 0617 8.0517
Colombia............. ....... do.............. .9657 .9528 .8170 .6178 .5801 .5708 .6073 .5595 .5706
.5536 .4706 .6034 .7906 .8026 .7987 .7907 .6437 •. 0201
Europe:
B elgium ............. B elga............ ,1303 .1301 .1700 .2329 .1842 .1692 .1088 .1689 .1685
.00716 . 00710 .01004 . 01285 . 01205 . 01296 .01285 . 012423 >0.01211
Czechoslovakia..- Koruna _____ . 02062 . 02962 . 03823 . 04242 . 04104 .04008 . 03403 . 03407 >>.03425
.2606 .1883 .1907 .2250 .2188 .2219 .2207 .2182 .2035
. 02388 . 01655 01871 02228 . 02163 .02190 .02181 . 02157 . 01995
. 03020 . 03028 . 05031 . 06560 . 06601 . 06114 .04046 .02878 . 02510
Germany.............. Reichsmark— .2363 .2375 .3052 .3938 .4026 .4030 .4020 .4016 .4006
. 01203 .00832 .00723 .00040 .00930 .00029 .00006 .00896 . 00815
Hungary.............. .1745 .1745 .2236 .2967 .2960 12.2956 .1978 .1973 ia.1924
Lira................. .05200 . 05125 .06709 .08502 . 08247 . 07292 . 06261 . 05261 . 05196
Netherlands......... Guilder........... .4023 .4029 .5172 .6738 ,6771 .6448 .5504 .5501 .5334
Norway............... .2605 .1800 .2143 .2532 .2463 .2497 .2484 .2457 .2323
.1120 .2128 .2441 . 1886 .1888 .1887 .3802 .1886
. 04244 . 03196 .04427 ” 04038
1884
.03017 .04600 .04458 .04513 .04470
Rumania.............. Leu................. .00505 .00597 .00780 .01001 .00928 .00738 .00729 .00733 ” ,00711
Spain.................... Peseta______ .0055 .0804 .1072 .1362 .1368 .1231 .0605 .0660 ” .1016
.2525 .1847 .2203 .2508 .2527 .2563 .2540 .2520 2300
.1940 .1040 .2484 .3237 .3250 .3019 .2294 .2287 .2252
United Kingdom. Pound............. 4.5350 3.5001 4.2368 6.0303 4.0018 4.9709 4.0440 4.8804 4.4354
Yugoslavia........... Dinar_____ .01768 .01641 .01761 . 02272 .02284 .02297 .02306 .02312 >*.02272
Asia:
Hong Kong.......... Dollar______ .2433 .2346 .2045 .3872 .4822 .3171 .3069 .3046 .2745
China_________ Yuan-Shanghai.u
.2244 .2174 '1.2860 .3409 .3657 .2975 .2061 .2136 .1188
.3369 .2635 ,3182 .3788 .3606 .3752 .3733 . sana .3328
Japan................... Yen................. .4885 .2811 .2565 .2972 .2871 .2002 .2879 .2845 .2596
Straits Settle* Dollar_______ .5245 .4040 .4023 .5001 .6717 .5826 .5707 .5602 .8174
ments.
>Between Mar. 10, 1933, and Jan. 31, 1034, the foreign exchange value of the United States dollar was
permitted to depreciate as a result of restrictions placed on gold shipments to foreign countries. By Executive
order of Jan. 31, 1934, the weight of the gold dollar was reduced tol6$4i grains of gold nine-tenths line,
59.08 percent of the former weight of 25.8 grams.
»Silver peso quoted in place of gold peso beginning July 30, 1931. Average for 1931 is for silver peso for
July 30 to Dec. 31. Average for gold peso for Jan. 2 to July 29 was $0.4765.
8 Paper peso, equivalent to 44 percent of gold peso, quoted in place of latter beginning Deo. 13, 1933.
Average for 1933 is for gold peso for Jan. 1 to Deo. 10. Average for paper peso Dec. 13 to 31 was $0.3333,
I No quotations available Aug. 20-Oct. 16.
‘ Average free market rate, quoted In addition to official rate beginning Aug. 3, was $0.0588 for Aug. 3 to
Dec. 31.
8 Revised; average is for Jan. 1-Nov. 17 and Deo. 24-31. Free market rate discontinued beginning Deo.
24; revised average for Jan. 1-Dec. 23 is $0.0620.
>Average free market rate, quotod as nominal in addition to official rata beginning Apr. 10, was $0.0512
for Apr. 10-Dee. 31.
* Export rate $0.0400, first reported Nov. 30,1937.
i No quotation available Sept. 1. -Nov. 28. Avorage noncontrolled rate, quotod as nominal in addition to
controlled rate beginning June 22, was $0.3079, no quotations available Oot. 17-Nov. 28.
No quotations available beginning Aug. 30. u No quotations available beginning Mar. 15.
II Reported on new basis beginning Aug. 3,1936. Average for 1936 is for rates reported on old basis for
Jan. 1 to Aug. 2. Average .rate reported on new basis lor Aug. 3 to Deo. 31 was $0.1978.
IJ No quotations available Aug. 26-Nov. 8. 11 No quotations available beginning Aug. 26.
11 No quotations available Aug, 26-Nov. 5. 16 No quotations available Jan. 25-Mar. 31.
" Quotations prior to 1933 are for old yuan, containing 23.9026 grams of pure silver; those beginning 1933
are for new yuan, containing 23.4934 grams of pure silver.
’* Average quotation for new yuan, Apr. 10 to Dec. 31. (See note 17.) Average for old yuan from Jan. 1
to Apr. 9 was $0.2021.
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; monthly figures published currently in
Federal Reserve Bulletin,

2 9 2 BACKING AND FINANCE
No. 314;.—Fobeign E xchange Rates on Cable T bansfebs, N ew Y ork,
bt Months: 1937 to 1940
N o ra —For yearly average rate, see table 313. See also headnote ol table 313 regarding rates partly or
wholly nominal
CANADA
BRAZIL c h i l i: i
(D OLLAR)
Argentina
(M ILREIS) (PESO)
Mexico
(peso)
(peso)
Official Free Official Free Official
Belgium
(belga)
F r a n c e
(franc)
1937: Dollars D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s D o l l a r s Dollars
1 ,0 0 0 5 0 .2 7 7 5 0 .3 2 5 7 0 .0 8 7 0 0 .0 6 1 1 0 .0 5 1 7 0 .1 6 8 5 0 .0 4 5 9 0.4022
.9994 .2 7 7 5 .3 2 9 0 .0 8 7 2 .0 6 6 6 .0 5 1 7 .1 0 8 7 .0 4 4 4 .4007
.9 9 9 8 .2 7 7 5 .3 3 0 2 .0 8 7 2 .0 6 4 0 .0 5 1 6 .1 6 8 4 .0 3 5 2 .4012
.9 9 9 5 .2 7 7 5 .3 3 3 1 .0 6 4 5 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 9 9 .0 3 3 9 .4030
1038:
.9 9 7 2 .2 5 6 0 .3 3 2 3 .0 5 8 7 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 8 8 .0 3 1 2 .4024
. 0801 .2 0 9 1 . 3305 .0 5 8 6 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 9 0 .0 2 7 8 .4027
.9 9 3 7 .1 9 4 6 .3 2 0 3 .0 5 8 6 .0 5 1 8 .1 6 8 8 .0 2 6 9 .3097
.9 0 0 6 .1 9 9 3 .3 1 1 4 .0 5 8 6 .0 5 1 8 .1 0 8 4 .0 2 6 8 .4006
1939:
January............. .9 9 1 9 . 1948 .3 1 1 3 .0 5 8 6 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 8 9 .0 2 6 4 .4007
.9 9 5 0 .1 9 9 7 .3 1 2 4 .0 5 8 6 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 8 6 .0 2 0 5 .4012
.9908 .2 0 0 3 .3 1 2 3 .0 5 8 6 .0 6 1 7 .1 6 8 2 .0 2 6 5 .4010
.6 9 4 8 .2 0 0 2 . 3121 .0 5 9 9 .0 5 3 8 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 8 4 .0 2 6 5 .4006
.9 9 0 2 .2 0 0 3 .3 1 2 1 .0 6 0 6 .0 5 3 9 .0 5 1 7 .1 7 0 2 .0 2 8 5 .4012
.0 9 7 7 .1 9 7 5 .3 1 2 2 .0 6 0 6 .0 5 1 7 .0 5 1 7 .1 7 0 1 .0 2 6 6 .4011
Ju ly .................. . 9984 .1713 ,3 1 2 1 .0 6 0 6 .0 5 0 6 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 9 9 .0 2 0 5 .4011
.9 9 4 9 .1 0 8 0 .3 1 1 2 . 0606 . 0502 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 9 7 .0 2 6 1 .3980
. 0126 .1002 .0 0 0 6 .0 5 0 2 .0 5 1 8 .1 7 0 3 .0 2 2 7 .3986
. 8933 .2016 .2 0 7 7 .0 6 0 6 .0 5 0 5 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 7 3 .0 2 2 7 .4009
.8776 .2050 .2 9 7 7 . 0606 .0 5 0 3 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 4 9 .0 2 2 2 .4013
.8702 .1819 .2 9 7 7 .0 6 0 6 .0 5 0 3 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 5 8 .0 2 2 3 .4010
1640:
.8 8 0 2 .1060 .2 9 7 7 .0 6 0 6 . 0501 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 8 3 .0 2 2 5 .4012
.8 0 0 5 .1065 .2 9 7 7 .0 0 0 6 ,0 5 0 2 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 8 6 .0 2 2 6 .4012
.9 0 0 1 .8288 .1065 .2 9 7 7 .0 6 0 6 .0 5 0 3 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 9 8 .0 2 1 3 .4011
.0 0 9 1 .8 4 2 4 ,1500 .2 9 7 7 .0 6 0 6 ,0 5 0 3 .0 5 1 6 .1 6 8 9 .0 2 0 0 .4012
May.................. .0091 .8007 .1665 .2 9 7 7 .0 0 0 5 .0 5 0 2 .0 5 1 7 .1 6 7 4 .0 1 8 5 .4003
June................... .9 0 9 1 .8007 .1837 .2 9 7 7 .0 6 0 5 , 0503 .0 5 1 7 .0 2 0 1 .3097
UNITEDKlNODOM
(POUND)
Official
Free
Italy
(lira)
Ger*
m a n y
(rolchsmark)
Netherlands
(guilder)
Spain
(peseta) Sweden
(krona)
China
(yuan*
Shanghai)
British
India
(rupee)
Japan
(yen)
Straits
Settle-.
moats
(dollar)
1937: D o lla rs D o lto rs D o lla rs D o lla rs D o lla rs D o lla r s D o lla r s D o l l a r s D o l l a r s Dollars
4.8851 0.0526 0. 5470 0.0612 0.2519 0.2066 0.3689 0.2840 0.5719
4.9355 .0526 .5498 .0522 .2644 .2965 .3725 .2871 .5784
4. 9530 .0526 .5615 .0648 .2553 .2066 .3739 .2887 .5808
4.0004 .0520 .5500 .0618 .2675 .2047 .3771 .2908 .5859
1938:
4.9845 .0526 . 5556 .0581 .2607 .2822 .3704 .2886 .5812
4.9580 .0520 .5534 .0577 .2556 .1884 .3674 .2888 .6743
4 8038 . 0520 .5394 .0523 .2477 .1717 .3583 .2800 .5579
4,6703 .0520 . 5436 .0500 .2405 .1611 .3480 .2721 .5430
1939:
4.6004 .0520 .5410 .0461 .2404 .1620 .3488 .2721 .5425
February........... 4.0857 .0520 . 5363 ..... .2413 .1580 .3501 . 2730 ..5442
4.6854 .0526 .5300 .2413 .1602 .3506 .2730 .5-139
4.6805 .0520 .5313 .2411 .1002 .3490 .2727 .5-127
4.6813 .0526 .5300 .1102 .2411 .1599 .3492 .2728 .5-137
4.6824 .0526 .5317 .1102 .2411 .1343 .3402 .2728 . 5151
4.6815 .0620 .5328 .1102 .2411 .1004 .3491 .2728 .6470
4.6107 .0525 .5348 .1100 .2400 .0716 .3441 .2687 .5400
3.9951 .0514 .5318 .1049 .2376 .0670 .2993 .2310 .4071
4 0105 .0505 .5312 .1015 .2379 .0704 .3030 .2351 .4702
3.9247 .0504 .5308 .1004 .2380 .0835 .3013 .2344 .4625
3.9301 .0505 .5311 .0995 .2380 .0749 .3003 .2344 .4610
1940:
3.0039 .0505 .5321 .0095 .2381 .0783 .3014 .2344 .4018
3.9634 .0505 . 5314 .0995 .2381 .0701 .3016 .2344 .4043
4.0350 3.7691 . 0505 .8310 .0081 .2382 .0641 .3018 .2344 .4076
4.0350 8. 5259 .0505 .5308 .0914 . 2369 .0599 .3020 .2344 .4714
May.... .............. 4.0360 3.2736 .0604 .5308 .0913 .2379 .0508 .3012 .2344 .4712
Juno...... ............ 4.0350 3. 8010 .0504 — .0913 .2380 .0576 .3011 .2343 .4711
i Export rate Is $0.0400; first reported Nov. 1937.
Source; Board el Governors of the Federal Reserve System; figures published currently In Federal
Reserve Bulletin.

INTEREST' AND ACCEPTANCE RATES 293
No, 315.— I n t e r e s t a n d A c c e p ta n c e R a t e s —- C a l l M o n e t , T im e L o a n s ,
a n d A c c e p ta n c e s , N e w Y o r k : 1912 to 1940
N o t e .— R a t e s s h o w n a r e t h e r a n g e (lo w a n d h i g h ) fo r t h e y e a r , m o n t h , o r w e e k
TEA R AMD
M ONTH
C a ll
m o n e y >
TIM E LO A N S
60 to 90
d a y s
P r i m e
b a n k ­
e r s '
a c c e p t­
4 t o 6 a n c e s
m o n t h s * (90
d a y s ) 2
YEA R AND
MONTH
C a ll
m o n e y 1
TIME LOANS
60 t o 90
d a y s
4 t o 6
m o n t h s 1
P r i m e
b a n k ­
e r s ’
a c c e p t ­
a n c e s
(90
d a y s )1
1012........................ 1 % -S 0 2 ~V A 3 -8 * 4
1913........................
1934
1 -1 0 2^4 -6 2 4 -6
1 8 1 A -................... 1 ^ -1 0 2 -8 3 -8
1915........................ 1 - 3 214-4 2^4-4
1916........................ 1 H - 1 5 214-484 234-6 O c t. 20 4 - l
8/7—1
H 1
1917....................... l H - i o 2 ^ -6 23/f-Q O c t. 27 1 54-1 54-1 34 -5 4 s
1918....................... 2 " -6 5 " -6 5 jJ - 0
1919..................... 2 - 3 0 5 - 8 51^-8 1 4 42^ - 43^ 29 * l 34-1 54-1
1920........................ 5 -2 5 7 -1 0 7 - 9 514-654
1921....................... 3 H - 9 m - m 454-8 414-6 1935
1922..................... m - o 314-5 334-514 3 - 4
1D23..................... • m - o 434-554 414-534 i -4 3 4 J a n . 6 t o A p r .
1Q2 ik -w - 34-3 3 4 N o v - 9 to D e o .
2 8 {................... 54 1 1 34
1932
1936
J a n u a r y ............. 2A- 3 >A 3 - 4 3 - 4 254-3 J a n - 4 to M a y
F e b r u a r y . . . . . 2 Yl 3 )4 -3 3 4 3 )4 -3 3 4 m - w . 9

2 9 4 BAK ICING AND F IN A N C E
N o. 3 1 6 .— F i r e a n d M a r i n e I n s u r a n c e B u s i n e s s , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d
S t a t e s a n d O u t l y i n g T e r r i t o r i e s a n d P o s s e s s i o n s : 1890 t o 1938
N ote.—D ata cover transactions of both United States and foreign companies
__________________[All figures except num ber of companies in thousands of dollars]
STOCK. AND MUTUAL COMPANIES
CALENDAR
YEAR
1800
1806.
1900.
1905.
1910.
1915.
1920.
1923.
1024.
1925.
1926.
L927.
1928.
1920.
1930.
1931.
1932.
1933.
1934.
1936.
1036.
1937.
1938.
N um ­
ber of
companies
580
666
463
660
593
613
789
763
801
854
860
870
886
031
004
003
3 683
3 372
3 720
3 734
3 543
3 561
3 665
Capital
(stock
companies)
86,732
70,226
73,161
76,128
94,734
107,675
176,906
211,165
232,408
269,283
278, 498
316,689
386,931
441,445
448,151
418,375
338,6X0
331,831
332,330
338,273
328,109
334,216
333,613
Total
assets 1
322,678
347,564
413,027
544,182
572,899
873,946
1,569,141
1,782, 383
1,913,477
2,092,499
2,248, 107
2,503,063
2,867, 832
3,084,057
2,834,708
2,640,863
2,484,357
2,229,590
2,273,866
2, 556,122
2,816,293
2,630,816
2, 751, 313
N et
surplus
108,734
118,228
162,658
211,545
206,212
321,014
464,506
661,668
629,262
700,402
733,964
908,496
1,124,478
1,235,047
1,077,819
802, 323
738,466
806,494
970, 637
1,211,318
1,268,922
1,143, 983
1, 256,379
N et premiums
143,346
161,447
182,131
270,387
203,303
419,361
995,295
878,907
970,806
1,050,676
1,110,896
1,108,434
1,131,966
1,179,932
1,071,537
929, 252
796,940
734,467
802,870
837,035
890,855
972,128
921,673
Total
income
157,858
175,750
198.313
292,995
291,534
469,381
1, 073, 625
1,002, 176
1, 070, 748
1, 188,087
1,228, 399
1,259, 386
1, 371, 928
1,438,222
1, 217, 705
1,088,413
1,004,089
831,982
910,047
954,073
1,021,068
1,092,907
1,034,031
Losses
p aid 5
75,335
89,213
108,307
124,926
123,692
221,701
451,470
504,795
624,302
559, 931
681, 234
644, 264
631, 630
641,801
683,461
629, 070
446,989
328, 610
331,371
296,966
371,744
373,779
397,310
Disbursements
D ividends
12,946
14,066
16,029
22,877
34,857
26,509
63,815
78,487
76,652
81, 430
92,897
99,230
107, 303
118,648
127,077
119,991
104,356
93,720
107,951
124,380
113,026
114,990
127,226
Other
disbursements
49,819
54,203
65,881
93,310
94,389
157,730
371,479
38Q, 106
390,128
419,427
447,935
448,983
469,429
506,242
493.342
436,489
499,446
450,992
419,393
432,283
423,017
482, 550
494,445
LLOYD'S AND INTEUINSURANCE COMPANIES
TOTAL
Total
Income
N um ­
ber of N et premiums
associations
Total
Losses1 disbursements
Net
premiums
Total
Income
Losses3
Total
disbursem
ents
1906..
1 9 1 0 ..
1015..
1920..
1023..
1924.
1925.
1026.
1027..
1Q28-.
1 9 2 9 -
1930-
1031-.
1032,
3 9 3 3 ..
1934.
1935..
1038-
1937-
1 9 3 8 ..
37
31
45

ITB1E LOSSES' 295
N o . 3 1 7 .— F i r e a n d L ig h t n i n g I n s u r a n c e — B u s in e s s T r a n s a c t e d b y M e m ­
b e r s o p t h e N a t io n a l B o a r d o p F i r e U n d e r w r i t e r s , C o n t in e n t a l U n it e d
S t a t e s a n d O u t l y in g T e r r i t o r i e s a n d P o s s e s s io n s : 1920 t o 1938
[All money figures in million! and tenth! of million! of dollar!. No later data available]
m e m s 1930 m s m e 1937 1938
Number of companies, totaf___ 150 210 239 190 197 198 198
United States companies... 121 166 199 160 160 161 101
Foreign companies........ ...... 45 45 40 36 37 37 37
Net premiums written_______ 633.9 644.3 684.0 381.7 371.4 m o 360.9
Net premiums earned________ 150.9 699.0 614.7 380.5 373.9 372.2 368.5
N et losses paid_____________ _ 226.0 351.1 320.4 137.0 153.4 145.9 161.3
Not losses incurred................... Z46.1 354.1 329.7 135.0 153.9 140.3 160.4
219. 5 281.2 304.0 189.5 186. 2 186.4 184.6
Taies.*___ _______ _________ 27.6 20.1 29.7 19.1 19.8 18.3 18.6
Percent oi—
N et losses incurred to net
premiums earned_______ 54.6 69.1 63.6 35.fi 41.1 39.3 40.8
Net expenses to net premiums
earned_________ 4 8.7 46.9 49.4 49.8 49.5 49.8 49.8
N et expenses to net prorations
written.............. 41.1 43.6 62.0 49.6 50.1 48.6 50.2
Taxes to net premiums
written............................... 5 .2 3 .1 5.1 fi.0 5.3 4 .8 5.0
No. 318.— F i r e L o s s e s , T o t a l a n d P e r C a p i t a , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s :
1876 t o 1939
N o t e .— Amount*, except per capita, in thousand* of dollar*. Prior to 1916 figures are as compiled by the
New York Journal of Commerce and include losses oi $10,000 or over in the principal cities of the United
States, adding 16 percent (or small and unreported losses. These figures are not comparable with those
shown (or later years (the 1010 Journal of Commerce figure being $211,531,000 as against $268,378,000)
which cover all fires reported to the Actuarial Bureau Committee, adding 25 percent (or unreported
and uninsured losses prior to 1935 and SO percent thereafter
YEABLY
a v e r a g e o r
YEAR
Loss
YEARLY
AVERAGE OR
YEAR
Loss
YEARLY
AVERAGE OR
YEAR
Loss
YEARLY
AVERAGE OR
YEAR
Loss
1878-1880. . 69,912 inni ... 166,818 1014 221,439 1927 472,934
1881-1885......... 95,763 iw ra ............ 161,078 1 0 1 6 ............... 172,033 1Q2R— ............. 464,607
1886-1890......... US, 02? i{m 146,302 1 0 1 0 ......... ........ 1268,378 1929
469,446
1891 . 143,765 10(14 229,198 1017................— 289,636 1939 .. . . 601,981
1802. ............... 151,510 lflftR .... 166,222 1018.................... 363,879 1931.................... 461,044
1803. _ 167,844 ionft 618,612 1010 320,540 1 9 3 2 ...
400,869
1894 140,006 1007 216,086 1090 447,887 1933........... 271,463
1895.................... 142,110 100ft 217,886 1091 495,406 1934.
271,197
IftfW 118,737 1000 188,706 1099 606,641 1935.................... 235,263
116,356 win 214,003 1008 535,373 1935_____ . . 266,659
1898____ _____ 130,694 19U .................... 217,005 1024.................... 649,062 1637.................... 264,969
1800................... 153,598 1919. 206,439 1026 . .. 650,418 1938.................... 258,477
IMG 160,930 1018 203,764 1090 . .. 561,981 1Q39_ 274,943
CITIES REPORTING ACTUAL LOSS
TOTAL UNITED STATES
YEAS
Number
ol
cities
Population
(thousands)
Actual reported
loss,
total
Loss per
capita
Population
(thousands)3 Estimated
loss
Loss per
capita3
1928................................................... 446 51,836 140,038 $2.70 119,862 464,607 $3.68
1929................................................. 473 53, i l l 145,069 2.72 121,526 459,446 3 .78
1930 ............................................... 464 60,206 160,981 3.01 123,091 601,980 4.08
1 9 3 1 ............................................. 454 51,084 125,934 2.47 124,113 451,643 3.64
1932...................................... ............ 468 51,296 113,947 2.22 124,974 400,859 3.21
1933............ ....................................... 461 51,663 77,686 1.51 126,770 271,463 2.16
1934....................... ........................... 468 61,179 82,770 1.69 126,626 271,197 2.16
1935.................................................... 469 63,181 69,720 1.33 127,521 235,263 1.85
1 9 3 6 . .. . .......................................... 467 53,802 76,390 1.46 128,429 266,659 2.08
1937............ ....................................... (3)
C) (J) 129,257 264.959 1.97
1938.................................................... (>) m
0>) ¥ )
230,215 258,477 1.99
1939..................... .............................. (») w m W 131,162 274,943 2.10
i See headnote.
1 Population figures are estimates by the Bureau of the Census. Per capita loss is based on these estimates.
3 N ot avaiiablo.
Sources; Table 317 through 1830, Tho Spectator, Philadelphia, Pa.; Insurance Yearhook; table 317 beginning
1933 and table 318, National Board of Firo Underwriters, reports and records, except as noted.

2 9 6 B A N K IN G AND F IN A N C E
No. 3 1 9 ,— Lif e I nsurance— Summary of F inancial C ondition and P olicy
Account of U nited States C ompanies: 1850 to 1939
Note.—Figures include domestic and foreign business of United States companies but do not include
operations of the Veterans’ Admn. (see pp. 154 and IBS), or United States business of foreign companies
[All figures, except number of policies, in millions of dollars)
T E A R
A s s e t s
( a d ­
m i t ­
t e d )
D e c . 31
L i a b i l ­
T o t a l
i t i e s , !
i n c o m e
D e c . 31
P r e ­
m i u m
i n ­
c o m e
I N S U R A N C E
W R I T T E N A N D
P a y ­
p a i d f o r
m e n t s
D U R I N G Y E A R
t o
p o l i c y ­
h o l d e r s O r d i ­ I n d u s ­
n a r y 1 t r i a l
P O L I C I E S I N F O R C E D E C . 3 1
N u m b e r
( t h o u s a n d s )
A m o u n t
O r d i ­ I n d u s ­
O r d i ­ I n d u s ­
T o t a l
n a r y 1 t r i a l
n a r y i t r i a l
1 8 5 0 _______
I 8 6 0 _______
1 8 7 0 _______
1 8 8 0 .............. 4 5 3
1 8 9 0 _______
7 7 1
1 9 0 0 _______
1 9 0 5 ..............
1 9 1 0 ..............
1 0 1 3 ..............
1 9 1 4
1 , 7 4 2
2 , 7 0 6
3 , 8 7 6
4 , 6 5 9
4 , 9 3 5
1,493
2 ,373
3,665
4,136
.................................... 4,365
1 9 1 5 .............
1 9 1 0 ..............
1 9 1 7 ..............
1 0 1 8 ______
IQ 1 9 .............
5 , 1 9 0
5, 537
5, 9 4 1
5 , 4 7 5
6 , 7 5 9
679
4, 938
5, 253
5, 634
6 ,2 0 2
6,432
1 9 2 0 7 ....................................
, 3 2 0 6,989
1 9 2 1 ............. 7 , 9 3 6 7,548
1 9 2 2
1 9 2 3
8 ....................................
, 6 5 2 8 , 124
9 ....................................
, 4 5 5 8,902
1 9 2 4 ______ 1 0 , 3 9 4 9,799
1 9 2 5 1 1 ....................................
, 5 3 8 10,867
1 9 2 8 ............. 1 2 , 9 4 0 ' 12,177
1 9 2 7 1 4 ....................................
, 3 9 2 13,539
1 9 2 8 1 5 ....................................
, 9 6 1 15,043
1 9 2 9 1 7 ....................................
, 4 8 2 16, 507
1 9 3 0 1 8 ....................................
, 8 8 0 17,802
1 9 3 1 2 0 ....................................
, 1 6 0 19,116
1 9 3 2 2 0 ....................................
. 7 5 4 19,774
1 9 3 3 2 0 ....................................
, 8 0 0 19,885
1 9 3 4 2 1 ..................................... 8 4 4 20,813
1 9 3 5 2 3 ....................................
, 2 1 6 2 2 ,2 2 0
1 9 3 6 2 4 ....................................
, 8 7 4 23, 702
1 9 3 7 2 0 ....................................
, 2 4 9 25,084
1 9 3 8 2 7 ..................................... 7 5 5 20,511
1 9 3 9 2 9 ....................................
, 2 4 3 27,926
8 1
1 9 7
4 0 1
6 4 2
7 8 1
9 4 6
985
1 , 0 4 3
1 , 1 1 8
1 , 2 4 9
1 , 3 2 5
1 , 5 6 0
1 , 7 6 4
1, 9 5 1
2 , 1 4 9
2 , 4 2 7
2 , 7 0 3
3 , 0 1 8
3, 3 3 0
3 , 6 7 3
4 , 0 8 8
4 , 3 3 7
4 , 5 9 4
4 , 8 5 0
4 , 6 5 3
4 , 6 2 2
4 , 7 8 6
5 , 0 7 2
5 , 1 8 0
5 , 2 6 7
5 , 3 5 7
5 , 4 5 3
158
325
516
593
715
746
784
848
929
994
1,207
1,385
1, 537
1, 686
1 ,900
2 , 122
2, 384
2, 624
2,874
3,146
3, 350
3, 524
3, 661
3, 504
3,322
3,521
3,692
3,683
3,702
3,800
3,825
5 6
9 0
1 6 0
2 6 5
3 8 7
4 7 0
5 0 9
5 4 5
666
5 9 0
7 1 0
7 3 9
7 4 5
8 3 8
9 7 3
1 , 0 8 8
1 , 1 7 4
3 , 2 4 3
1 , 3 7 3
1, 5Q 0
1 , 6 9 9
1, 9 0 2
2 , 2 4 7
2 , 6 0 7
3 , 0 8 7
3 , 0 1 6
2 , 7 0 5
2 , 5 3 5
2 , 4 2 9
2 , 4 3 7
2 , 6 7 8
2 , 6 4 2
742
1,280
I, 726
1,822
2,650
2,457
2,621
3,213
3, 840
3,088
7,010
8,400
6,787
7,606
9,455
10,152
I I , 817
12,413
12,671
14,108
14,529
14,100
12,379
9,721
9,114
9,395
9,417
9,481
1 0 ,0 1 2
8,204
8,840
242
566
661
735
850
858
074
099
1,051
1,1 4 3
1,305
1,615
1,943
2,268
2,015
3,043
3,656
4,048
4,466
4,505
4,738
4,860
4,847
4,793
4,073
4,885
4,722
4,854
4,784
4,423
3,676
2 9
6 0
8 3 9
686
1 , 3 2 0
3 , X 76
5 , 6 2 1
6 , 9 6 4
8, 7 7 5
9 , 0 4 5
9 , 8 9 0
10, 0 9 8
1 1 , 5 8 2
1 2 , 7 6 8
1 5 , 7 1 6
1 0 , 6 9 5
1 7 , 6 8 5
1 8 , 8 1 4
2 0 , 6 3 4
2 2 , 0 9 2
2 3 , 8 9 4
2 5 , 5 0 1
2 7 , 1 4 6
2 9 , 1 5 1
3 1 , 3 3 9
3 2 , 7 7 6
3 3 , 5 3 1
3 2 , 8 1 8
3 1 , 9 5 2
3 2 , 6 4 3
3 3 , 3 9 9
3 4 , 4 1 6
3 5 , 2 7 6
3 5 , 9 6 2
3 7 , 0 1 7
2 3 7
3 , 8 8 3
1 1 , 2 1 9
1 6 , 8 7 3
2 3 , 0 3 4
2 9 , 4 3 2
3 1 , 1 5 0
3 3 , 1 4 2
3 5 , 6 7 5
3 8 , 7 6 4
4 1 , 8 5 2
5 1 , 2 9 5
4 9 , 8 0 5
5 4 , 0 9 7
5 8 , 2 8 3
6 3 , 4 6 1
0 8 , 2 4 8
7 3 , 7 3 0
7 7 , 9 6 5
8 2 , 2 4 6
8 5 , 8 4 4
8 9 , 4 1 5
8 0 , 4 3 0
8 8 , 2 2 8
8 2 , 9 4 5
8 1 , 5 1 7
8 2 , 5 7 9
8 3 , 0 7 1
8 6 , 7 1 5
8 8 , 8 8 1
8 8 , 5 1 0
8 7 , 9 3 4
6 9
1 8 0
2 , 2 6 3
1 , 6 0 2
4 , 0 5 0
8, 5 6 1
1 3 , 3 6 4
1 6 , 4 0 4
2 0 , 5 6 4
21, 580
2 2 , 7 8 4
2 4 , 6 7 9
2 7 , 1 8 9
2 9 , 8 7 0
3 5 , 8 8 0
4 2 , 2 8 1
4 5 , 9 8 3
5 0 , 2 9 1
5 6 , 8Q 4
6 3 , 7 8 0
7 1 , 6 9 0
7 9 , 6 4 4
8 7 , 0 2 2
9 5 , 2 0 6
1 0 3 , 1 4 6
1 0 7 , 9 4 8
1 0 8 , 8 8 6
1 0 3 , 1 5 4
0 7 , 9 8 5
9 8 , 5 4 2
1 0 0 , 7 3 0
1 0 4 , 6 6 7
1 0 9 , 5 7 2
1 1 1 , 0 5 5
1 1 3 , 0 7 7
6 0
1 8 0
2 , 2 6 3
1 , 5 8 2
3 , 6 2 1
7 , 0 9 3
1 1 , 0 5 4
1 3 , 2 2 7
1 6 , 5 8 7
1 7 , 4 2 6
1 8 , 3 4 9
1 9 , 8 6 8
2 1 , 9 6 6
24, 1 6 7
2 9 , 2 7 3
3 5 , 0 9 2
3 7 , 9 7 7
4 1 , 4 0 4
4 6 , 6 9 6
5 2 , 4 3 6
5 8 , 8 6 6
6 5 , 4 5 7
7 1 , 4 7 4
7 8 , 5 2 1
8 5 , 2 4 4
8 9 , 6 6 1
9 0 , 0 1 1
8 5 , 8 8 9
8 0 , 8 3 1
8 0 , 8 9 2
8 2 , 4 3 3
8 5 , 2 0 3
8 8 , 9 8 1
9 0 , 0 6 9
9 2 , 8 3 6
21
4 2 9
I, 4 6 8
2 , 3 1 0
3 , 1 7 7
3 , 9 7 7
4,1 6 4
4 , 4 3 5
4 , 8 1 1
5 , 2 2 3
5 , 7 0 3
6 , 6 0 7
7 , 1 9 0
8 , 0 0 6
8 , 8 8 7
1 0 , 1 0 7
I I , 3 4 4
1 2 , 8 2 4
1 4 , 1 8 7
1 5 , 5 4 8
1 6 , 6 8 6
1 7 , 0 0 2
1 8 , 2 8 7
1 8 , 2 7 4
1 7 , 2 6 5
1 7 , 1 5 4
1 7 ,6 5 1
1 8 , 2 9 8
1 9 , 4 6 4
2 0 , 591
2 0 , 9 8 6
2 1 , 1 4 0
S a%

LIFE INSiUBANOE' 297
N o . 3 2 0 .—Lots I nsurance— F inancial C onbition and B usiness op U n it e d'
States C om pa nies: 1900 to 1938— Continued
1800 1910 1920 1930 1935 1937 1038
Expenditures, total.............. ........ 2fl7, 580 540,342 i, 198, see 3,108,537 3, 592,956 3, 610, 343 3,744,417
Paid to policyholders________ 168, 688 387,302 744, 649 2,248,776 2, 535,113 2,430, 972 2, 578,089
Death losses.......................... 100,721 180,654 340,964 866, 745 877,418 037,283 934,010
Matured endowments....... - 18,336 4 6 ,3 4 9 1 0 1 ,1 8 1 1 1 2 ,0 2 7 1 4 4 ,081 154,680 175,924
Annuities2............................ 4,122 7,420 16,897 111,124 205,925 240,26G 250j122
Surrendered policies, etc__ 22, 050 77,618 119,061 614,223 882,533 ' 069,302 771', 155
Dividends............................. 22,860 75,354 167,647 553,658 424,256 435,431 446,878
Other expenditures.................. 08,892 163,040 463, 717 961,781 1,057,843 1,173,371 1,166,328
Commissions, salaries, travcling
expenses of agents— 61,282 87,629 257,822 497,549 407,436 431,717 414,024
Medical fees, salaries, other
employee costs.......... ........ 13,034 20,037 01, 560 134,253 133,448 140, 050 143, 748
Dividends to stockholders.. 1,028 2,14C 5,308 21,917 10,382 18,225 13,605
Other..................................... 23, 548 37,235 129,021 208,042 506,577 582,479 594,960
Admitted assets, Deo. 31, total... 1,742,414 3,875,877 7,319,997 18,878,611 23,210,490 20,249, 049 27,764,661
Keai estate owned.................... 158,119 172,961 172,011 647, 662 1,986,133 2,100,494 2,177,301
Heal estate mortgages............ 501,499 1,227,232 2,174,863 7, 677, 044 5,330,86C 5,229,415 5,444.460
Stocks owned.............. ........... 794,632 129,622 51,350 405,951 631,377 512,935 537,706
Bonds owned............................ 7,191 1,669,845 3,588,728 6,352,333 9,964,947 13,182,800 14,381,461
Collateral loans........................ 84,489 18,941 41,301 31,008 12.760 8,618 7,016
Premium notes and loans....... 88,501 495,100 868,916 2,807,012 3,639,609 3,399,484 3,388,933
Nat deferred and unpaid
premiums............................. 33,269 60,956 130,923 439,894 459,71C 474,566 485,038
Cash in office and banks__ 75,440 71,113 124,747 152,210 828,598 725,619 769,606
Other........................................ 19,276 50,107 177,162 606,600 563,502 525,050 562,550
Asset items not admitted......... 12,249 25,186 77,424 373,463 * 430,295 >473,161 >406,270
L i a b i l i t i e s , Dec. 31, totaL.......... 1,483,378 S,665,435 6, 989,309 17,802,142 22, 219, 729 26,084,340 20,510, 782
Reserve...... ............................. 1,443,452 3,226,906 6,337,970 16,231,489 20,404,206 23,202,360 24, 495, 202
Losses and claims unpaid....... 9,863 17,072 43,110 134,954 153,193 111,026 116,603
Claims resisted..................... 999 1,779 2,476 11,446 24,434 17,581 16,834
Dividends unpaid and left to
accumulate........................... 3,598 5.533 53,048 303,346 366.926 401,282 432,440
Surplus apportioned

298 B A N K IN G AND F IN A N C E
N o, 3 2 1 .'—L ife I nsurance— P olicies I ssued and T erm ina ted, U nited
States C ompanies: 1935 to 1939
[Number of policies in thousands, amounts in thousands of dollars. See headnote, table 310]
TERMINATIONS
business i
Total
Death
Expiry
Lapse
Change
Maturity
Surrender
Disability
ORDINARY2
Number:
1935........ 4,798 3,899 201 110 816 944 1,714 53 4
1930____ 4,459 3,409 271 105 793 755 1,471 0 6
1937 4,302 3,227 276 107 852 675 1,303 10 4
1938........ 4,213 3,647 270 116 045 705 1,410 9 3
1939____ 4,652 3,559 281 159 1,130 793 1,181 6 0
Amount;
1935____ 9,416,743 7,800,404 761,877 116,871 1,273,327 2,348,370 2,872,602 484,026 18,784
1930____ 9,481,148 6,518,625 780,890 125,930 1,009,320 1,740,449 2,469,431 376,083 17,522
1937____ 10,012,398 6,069,582 800,175 124,523 921,612 1,511,462 2,375,084 321,570 15,176
1938........ 8,204,103 7,004,053 808,035 1&3.83G 976,283 1,088,092 2,037,136 743,281 16,391
1939____ 8,839,523 6,014,449 811,596 183,930 873,095 1,619,736 2,115,262 387,467 23,363
INDUSTRIAL
Number:
1935........ 19,600 18,080 787 248 1,479 4,030 11,510 26 (
1938........ 17,432 17.753 785 340 2,119 4,308 10,175 24 1
1939........ 14,955 16,723 782 395 1,775 4,200 8,670 1 1
Amount:
1935........ 4,721,870 4,086,203 153,720 28,814 411,849 944,084 2,634,097 12,686 63
1930........ 4,863,849 3,688,809 160,284 27,951 450,108 815,249 2,224,747 10,404 64
1937........ 4,783, 662 3,624,391 167,586 30,644 473,441 807,049 2,136,661 9,000 101
1938........ 4,422,814 4,087,941 159,489 43,286 632.003 1,065,049 2,181,393 10,490 231
1930........ 8,670,406 3,549,215 100,498 54,940 521,039 1,038,102 1,767,333 6,942 299
1New issues, old policies revived or increased, and additions by dividends.
2 Including group.
3 Less than 500.
Source: The Spectator, Philadelphia, Pa.; Insurance Yearbook, Life Volume.
N o . 3 2 2 .— L ife I n s u ra n c e — O p e ra tio n s o f U n ite d S ta te s Com panies,
F rom O rg a n iz a tio n to Jan. 1, 1939
N o t e .— Figures include domestic and foreign business of United States ooinpanies, but do not include
operations of the Veterans’ Admn. (see pp, 154. and 155), or United States business of foreign companies
[Number of policies in thousands; money figures in thousands of dollars]
Total
Ordinary
companies
Industrial
companies
Total insurance issued since organization:
Number of policies............- - .............
Amount................................................
561,468
348,022,305
i 113,529
255,053,552
2 447,938
2 92,968,753
Insurance in force Jon. 1, 1939:
Number of policies..................................................
Amount....................................................................
Receipts sinoe organization, total...................................
Premiums and annuity......... .................................
Interest, rents, etc...................................................
Payments to polioyholders since organization, total___
Death claims..........................................................
Endowments and annuities3_____ _____ _____
Purchased policies, surrender values........—.........
Dividends to policyholders...................................
Admitted assets, Jan. 1, 1939................ ........................
Capital, apportioned funds, and surplus, Tan. 1, 1939.
124,478
111, 054,689
93,057, 786
70,376,766
22,681,020
45,718,158
18,036,688
5,667,698
12,480,452
9,533,319
27,754,661
2,048,792
i 35,962
‘ 90,068,984
56, 855,198
43, 572,023
16, 283,176
30,727,941
12,134,103
3,924,499
7,936,887
6,732,452
17,314,198
1,136,080
2 88,516
2 20,985,705
S3.202,588
26,804,743
8,397,845
14,960,217
5,902, 585
1,743,199
4,543,566
2,800.868
10,440,462
912,712
2 Includes data for group business of ordinary companies and ordinary and group business of industrial
companies.
9 Industrial business only.
3 Includes disability and double indemnity.
Source: The Spectator, Philadelphia, Pa.; Insurance Yearbook, Life Volume.

LIFE INSURANCE 299
N o , 3 2 3 .—L ira I n s u r a n c e W h itte n an d in F o rce, by S ta te s : 1937 an d 1938
N O T E . — F i g u r e s c o v e r b u s i n e s s t r a n s a c t e d i n c o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s , i n c l u d i n g U n i t e d S t a t e s business
of Canadian companies. They include data for some small companies which confino thoir business to
the State In which they domicile, and usually to several small cities, which are not included in tables
319 to 322. Further differences betwoon totals in this tablo and in the preceding tables are due to duplications
from reinsurance
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
DIVISION AND STATE
ORDINARY (INCLUDING GROUP)
INDUSTRIAL
Written In force Written In force
1937 1038 1837 1938 1997 1038 1937 1838
United States K . 12,175,248 10,286,980 87,765, 151 88,803,388 4, 803, 856 4, 416, 430 20, 076, 586 20, 401,392
STew England.............
Maine.....................
New HanjsphJre-__
Vermont.................
Massachusetts.......
Rhode Island.........
Connecticut............
Middie Atlantic.........
New York..............
New Jersey.............
Fennysl vania........
East North Central__
Ohio........................
Indiana...................
Illinois....................
M ic h i g a n _____
Wisconsin...............
West North Central...
Minnesota............
Iowa....................
Missouri...............
North Dakota........
South Dakota........
Nebraska................
Kansas..................
South Atlantic.........
Delaware...............
Maryland...............
Dist. of Columbia..
Virginia.................
West Virginia.........
North Carolina___
South Carolina.......
Georgia...................
Florida..................
East South Central__
Kentucky..............
Tennessee..............
Alabama...............
Mississippi..... .
West South Central.. _
Arkansas............
Louisiana...........
O k la h o m a ...............
Texas...................
Mountain.............
Montana.................
Idaho......................
Wyoming............ _
Colorado.................
Now Mexico..........
Arizona...............
Utah.......................
Nevada...................
Pacific
W ashington....___
Oregon....................
California........ _
798,285
45,698
82, 724
22,723
393, 282
92,665
239, 172
3, 373, 975
1,841,285
466, 471
1,006, 219
3,287,115
810,150
329,491
1,038,818
852, 636
256,019
1, 088, 883
265,190
184,035
339,857
27, 589
21,104
93, 610
137,437
1,068, 105
37,857
146, 057
95.439
147,470
118, 141
169, 042
77,331
104, 750
111, 416
481, 728
119,012
172,675
123,893
66,147
831, 079
65,753
117,028
1 6 7,904
480, 304
303,452
43,824
29,506
17,584
108,197
24,894
27.440
44,403
7,602
943, 051
137, 253
98, 366
707,432
833, 552
39,607
32, 565
19, 079
325,057
52,105
164, 539
6, 714, 679
456,171
314,803
221, 357
3, 5 3 3 .0 4 5
537, 272
B, 746,781
449,463
322,983
223,086
3,550,069
539,063
1,656,117
1,652,030
2, 778,175 27,377,060 27,482, 562
1,577, 429 15, 571,077 15,624,956
396, 155 3,706,859 3.769.384
802, 592 8,100,024 8,088,223
2,641,810 21,019,444 21,060,450
626,440 5, 711,645 5,696,055
253, 534 2,057,078 2,050,022
841, 425 7,356,923 7,443,193
731, 731 3.825, 966 3,783,376
188,670 2,067,831 2,078,204
935,132 8, 260,080 8.383.385
212,184 1,884,038 1,927,560
162,280 1,513,907 1,538,435
310,061 2,614,318 2,640,681
23, 999 222,843 223,314
21,505 228, 668 227,896
01,413 831,851 835,038
113,685 964,454 970,441
944,483 7, 509,467 7,715,445
27, 753 277,923 283,081
129,303 1, 207,161 1,232,888
89,590 744,573 771,309
125,567 1,119,772 1,153,932
114,797 807,903 819,306
148,389 1,122, 730 1,157,444
64,144 501.487 514,566
140, 952 1,057,973 1,078, 111.
103,087 669,854 704,718
398, 543 3, 188,807 3, 220,307
109,5 7 8 953,383 969,137
144,611 1,041,951 1,054,133
88,542 763,992 762,158
55,813 429, 281 434,870
804, 800 4, 802, 383 5,032,458
60, 256 433.488 437, 721
104,419 793,006 819,559
141, 412 971, 515 985,069
498,513 2,604, 355 2,790,107
263,041 2,060, 553 2, 105,258
20,570 293,110 293,225
25,659 200,706 205,002
17,956 121,665 126,830
90,195 706, 781 808,021
20,573 118,090 124,777
34,181 168,070 184, 796
36,960 301,112 306,408
7,947 53,019 55, 289
872, 874 6, 570, 955 8,804,493
129,843 1,094,304 1,112,793
78,157 651,194 663,796
664,874 4.825, 357 5,027,904
370,788
21,616
16,743
0,225
205.051
37,904
80,220
1,361,662
648,589
251,402
461.672
939,957
308,831
131,358
203.120
149,922
56,727
240, 232
37,880
26,521
131,703
404
9
13,855
29,764
060,656
19,156
124,323
54, 043
148.672
48,620
145, 730
130,944
175,040
114.120
401,009
83,587
157,333
113.052
47,037
317, 524
31,384
44,437
31, 939
200, 765
40, 367
2, 646
2,025
428
25, 666
9,642
3, 705
6,234
00
171,459
16,292
7,129
148,030
i United States totals include small amounts not distributed b y States.
Source: The Spectator, Philadelphia, Pa.; Insurance Yearbook, Life Volume,
326,133
19, 224
16,185
8,036
179,365
34,736
68,587
1, 157,986
512,719
221,375
423,891
854.248
285, 286
119,412
272,441
128,813
48, 203
218, 778
34,260
23,114
110,627
132
6
11,589
28,049
062,922
1 6 , 944
122, 609
54, 545
145,177
45,701
139,053
128.248
163,755
146, 70S
385,168
81,322
160,985
108,660
34,193
328,388
30,277
51,103
30, 547
214, 461
37,757
1,700
1,236
236
13,674
9,400
6, 730
4,765
11
147,881
14,057
5,918
127, 006
2, 170,480
117,388
94, 550
47, 099
1,185,943
226,061
498,545
7,668,322
3,812,779
1,437,330
2,418, 213
4,398,685
1,374,102
606,954
1,417,569
687, 608
313,432
1,085, 917
185, 747
132,333
575,678
570
248
02,659
128,676
2,237,398
80, 944
494,670
163,298
324,021
140,5S3
311,283
203,858
290,047
210,685
766, 226
261,666
278,257
178,840
40,463
737, 601
63,593
164,212
96, 053
413,803
163,188
14,872
8, 2 9 9
1,045
87,020
13,671
4,439
33,300
444
843,325
103,611
41,248
698,466
2,170,476
117,939
97,417
47,153
1,181, 792
228,720
487,447
7, 646, 661
3, 693, 731
1,460, 812
2, 486,019
4,474, 960
1,400, 438
608, 569
1, 401, 700
684, 979
319, 273
1, US, 084
193,800
137,943
583.966
458
293
64,558
134, 067
2,346, 174
82,465
501, 426
173, 256
343, 451
150,456
328, 374
221,110
317,741
227,804
803, 588
270, 543
295, 203
188,171
49, 052
789,115
65,455
179, 250
100,161
444, 249
174, 652
15, 220
8,426
1,090
90,174
16,459
9, 540
34,283
459
875, 339
105, 746
42, 637
726.966

3 0 0 BANKING AND FINANCE
N o. 3 2 4 .— L if e I n s u r a n c e o f F r a t e r n a l O r d e r s in t h e U n it e d St a t e s
N ote.—Although the number of orders reporting varies considerably, most of the larger orders report
regularly, so that the figures are fairly comparable from year to year. Prior to 1020 the figures for the
number of orders as given below include all known to be in existence whether reporting or not
[AU money figures in millions and tenths of millions of dollars]
CALENDAR YEAH.
Number
ot
orders
Assets
Total
INCOME
'
Net received
from
members
Total
DISBURSEMENTS
Paid
for
claims
To
agents
and for
management
Amount
ofinsur-i
ance
written
during
year
IN FORCE AT END
OF YEAR
Amount
1001........................... 489 29.4 81.6 72.2 77.3 04.1 8.9 799.6 5, 656. 5 4,519
1905.......................... 570 64.6 96.7 91.4 85.2 72.6 11.3 1,026.3 8,150.4 6,119
1910........................... 497 129.4 128.6 114.3 110.2 92.3 16.9 1, 331. 6 9,562. 5 8,558
1915........................... 472 212.8 133.3 122.3 123.6 98.7 16.1 922.9 8,094. 4 7,696
1920.......................... 1336 326.1 181.2 165.2 135.8 109.6 26.2 1,178.0 8.879. 5 8,439
1025........................... ‘ 224 628. 3 222.1 188.4 160.5 121.2 36.2 1,105.9 9,769.6 8,452
1930........................... ! 255 881.6 251.1 109.2 199.2 147.0 44.1 1.287.3 8,940.2 7,770
1932........................... 1 226 8B2. 4 212.4 163.8 167.0 117.3 31.1 699.6 7,122.7 6,413
1933........................... >■206 906.1 192.6 152.1 156.3 111.0 39.7 502.1 6,394. 6 0,118
1934................. ......... ‘ 262 900.7 197.7 149.0 166.7 114.8 30.3 524.3 6, 299. 7 6,246
1935-.......................... i 266 994.3 205.1 152.2 158.6 111.0 39.4 662.8 6,182. 5 6,462
1036........................... i 240 1,039.3 211.7 150.5 166.6 116.4 32.6 585.8 6.164.4 6,076
1937-......................... 1255 1,098.1 224.4 159.2 166.5 116.6 36.5 666.2 6,332.7 7,015
1938...................... — ‘ 243 1,134.2 218.1 155.3 161.9 111.1 32.0 569.1 6,347.8 7,014
1 Number reporting.
Source: The Spectator, Philadelphia, Pa.; Insurance Yearbook, Life Volume.
N o. 3 2 5.'— C a su a l t y , S u r e t y , a n d M is c e l l a n e o u s I n s u r a n c e C o m p a n ie s —
F in a n c ia l C o n d it io n a n d B u s in e s s T r a n s a c t e d : 1895 to 1938
[All figures, except number of eompauies, in thousands of dollars]
YEAR
s to c k : c o s , 8
Number
of certificates
(thousands)
Number
of
companies
Capital
(.stock
companies)
Assets -
Net surplus
over
capital Net premiums1
and
liabilities
Total
income
Losses
paid 4
Actual
expenses
Total
of management
*
expenditures
1895................... 53 20,676 42,211 13,044 16,684 19,318 5,916 8,766 15,695
1900................... 57 23,572 65,808 27,059 27,186 30,348 12,755 15,419 27,507
1905................... 84 43,030 152,866 39,070 55,344 63,191 21,647 28,922 54,354
1910................... 154 65,485 309,710 78,176 94,395 111,042 41,465 57,915 100,113
1915................... 181 78,024 603,670 78,035 160,320 174,892 76,444 74,251 159,397
1920................... *186 93,737 1 ,014,386 92,861 459,170 489,774 196,360 183,514 400,724
1925_________ *274 159,030 1,934,744 202,680 698,729 762,037 347,440 286,024 660,093
1030................... 387 260.387 3,192,848 304,313 901,651 1,003,831 534,029 378,621 960,307
i m ................... 19 4 , m S ,1 S S ,8 6 6 €08,075 6 8 9 ,5 8 7 844,487 m , o m m , o e o 80S,78%
1932 a................. 8 182 155,864 1,165,096 136,641 601, 558 747,671 364,202 252,095 727,315
1933«________ *177 151,328 1,076,949 144, 708 570,288 662,066 303,129 230, 627 039,899
1934 o________ »179 150,257 1,093,279 171,525 617,423 682,896 S00,580 239,215 641,662
1035 *................. *170 147,300 1,213,183 222,304 666,304 718,627 297,721 254, 793 649,384
1930*>_„............ ‘ 178 155,027 1,365,024 284,659 725,754 787,701 294,266 278,102 681,995
1937 «................. ‘ 178 149, 546 1,367,779 277,024 783,688 838,390 299,630 300, 594 716,949
1038 8................. 8 186 152,300 1,494,067 322,011 770,933 820,870 298,660 300,202 725,970
ALL COMFA-
NJES T
1933_________ 8 478 151,328 1,302,363 227,698 775,712 878,353 409,844 299,422 851,565
1 0 3 4 ................ 8 480 150, 257 1,340,150 259,790 860,722 957,354 419,112 317,411 880,923
1935_________ 4 480 147,300 1,507,277 319.846 953,380 1,029,671 428,493 340, 765 917,047
1930_________ ‘ 483 155,027 1.710,170 390,922 1,060,392 1,149,509 446,154 375,236 986,274
1937................... 8 502 149, 546 1,732, 576 372,847 1,171,576 1,255,215 474,125 409,184 1,067,461
1038................... 8 521 152, 300 1,898,609 | 430,342 1,163,127 1,243,532 476,067 426,997 1,101,237
1Total premium receipts prior to 1010.
1 Figures for 1895 to 1930 (also 1932 figures In italics) include adjustment expenses excluded thereafter.
» Including taxes.
4 Figures through 1930, and 1932 figures in italics, include data for companies which transact life Insurance
in addition to accident and health insurance. Income and disbursement items include business of accident
and health branches only of these life insurance companies, where companies were able to segregate data,
while capital, assets, and net surplus include total amounts of these items for such companies, excluding,
however, data for a tew very large companies for which accident and health business is only a small proportion
of the total business. Capital, assets, and not surplus are therefore overstated and In part duplicated
in figures for life insurance companies in other tables. Figures for 1932 to 1938, except 1932 italic figures,
relate to casualty, surety, and miscellaneous insurance companies only.
5 Number of companies reporting. *See note 4.
i Includes stock casualty, surety, and miscellaneous insurance companies, shown separately above,
mutual companies, reciprocals, and Lloyd’s; number of companies and income and disbursement items
also Include accident and health departments of life insurance companies.
Source; The Spectator, Philadelphia, Pa.; Insurance Yearbook, Casualty and Surety Volume.

INSURANCE 301
N o. 3 2 6 .— S t o c k C a s u a l t y , S u r e t y , a n d M i s c e l l a n e o u s I n s u r a n c e C om ­
p a n i e s — P re m iu m s a n d L o s s e s , b t C l a s s op I n s u r a n c e : 1937 t o 1939
N o t e .— All money figures in thousands of dollars. Data cover about 80 percent of the business of stock
casualty, s u r e t y , a n d m i s c e l l a n e o u s insurance companies, excluding a large number of smaller companies
and those that do not transact multiple casualty lines
1937 1938 1939
CLASS
Premiums
received
Losses
paid1
Ratio,
percent
Premiums
received
Losses
paid i
Ratio,
percent
Premiums
received
Losses
paid i
Ratio,
percent
Total_________________ 753,570 349, 608 46.4 729,762 349,718 47.9 780, 308 340, 799 47.5
A ccident3................................... 45,430 18, 957 41.7 46,297 19,834 42.8 49, 202 20,389 41.4
Automobile collision................... 6 , 240 3,979 63.7 6,598 3,587 54.4 7, 403 3, 512 47.4
Automobile fire and theft 8____ 1,092 529 31.3 1,828 616 33.7 1,249 542 43.4
Automobiles liability................... 212,649 112,938 53.1 206,874 112,920 54.6 98,964 106,016 53.3
Automobile property damage—- 58, 581 28,203 48.1 56,063 29,136 52.0 155,761 30,429 54.4
Automobile {not segregated)1— 4,027 2,538 51.5 4, 956 2,368 47.8 6,127 2,493 40.7
Burglary and theft-................... 28,399 7,459 26.3 25,934 7,661 29.5 27,264 7,391 27.1
Credit........................................ 3,210 630 19.6 2,858 2,224 77.8 2,707 1,324 48.9
Engine and machinery--........... 5,510 1 ,2 2 2 2 2 . 2 3,827 1,136 29.7 3,403 077 28.2
Firo.............................................. 1 ,1 2 2 327 2 9.2 1,028 404 39.3 1,195 408 34.0
Fidelity. ___________ ____ 41,438 12,452 30.1 40,319 12,414 30.8 40,790 1 2 ,1 0 0 29.8
Health *................................... 17,678 11,419 64.8 17,741 11,860 66.9 21, 648 14,108 65.5
Liability.. ................. 79,107 32,839 41.5 78,785 33,147 42.1 80,696 33,194 41.1
Livestock.......................... -........ 599 433 72.3 080 461 67.8 601 418 69.6
Noncancelable accident and
health....................................... 3,964 5,288 133.4 3,752 4,712 125. 6 3,072 4,235 137.9
Plate g/ass................................... 10, 4 8 4 4 ,0 7 4 4 1 A 11, O ld 6 ,0 2 9 4 5 . 6 10,104 4 ,4 6 9 44.2
Property damage and collision8. 4,642 1,036 22.3 4,712 1,095 23.2 5,350 1,324 24.8
Sprinkler and water damage__ 654 241 36.9 625 243 38.9 602 2 1 2 35,1
Bteam boiler___ -........ ........... 9,002 968 1 0 .8 8,131 950 11.7 7 , 596 1,003 13.2
Surety......................................... 43,406 12,339 28.4 47,482 10,871 22.9 49,901 11,901 23.8
Workmen’s compensation.......... 174, m 9 0 ,0 4 0 6 1 .0 159,250 8 8,577 55.6 155,484 89, 710 57.7
Other........................................ 351 196 55.8 1 ,0 0 1 474 47.3 1,106 •589 50.5
1Including adjustment expenses. 2Combined accident and health included with accidonfc.
* Figures fo r m o to r - v e h lc le fire and theft insurance of .stock fire and marine companies are as follows;
1937, premiums received, $205,560,000; losses paid, $98,270,000; 1938, premiums received, $182,623,000; losses
paid, $92,292,000; 1939, premiums received, $192,480,000; losses paid, $81,628,000.
1 1ncludes small amounts of automobile plate glass, windstorm, and miscellaneous desses,
4 Other than automobile.
Source: The Spectator, Philadelphia, Pa.; Handy Chart of Casualty, Surety, and Miscellaneous Insur
artce Companies, except figures in note %, which are from Insurance Year Book, Fire and Marine Volume
N o . 327.'— M u t u a l A c c id e n t a n d S ic k B e n e f it A s s o c ia t io n s— F in a n c ia l
C o n d it io n a n d B u s in e s s T r a n s a c t e d : 1901 t o 1938
N ote,—Although many small companies have not reported all years, the large companies have reported
regularly, and the figures are fairly comparable from year to year
YE Alt
1901
1806...
1910
1915
1020.__
1925....................
1920
1930....................
3931.................
1932............— .
1933-..............
1934
1935 .......
1936 .......
1937 .................
1938....................
/All figures, except number of companies and certificates, in thousands of dollars]
102
165
197
177
167
1167
1148
1156
* m
1109
1101
*112
1109
i 105
i 102
1102
Number
ol
companies
Admitted
assets
1,617
3,769
5,169
7,103
13,709
46,682
51,852
39,551
3 8 ,4 5 7
34,900
33, 721
36,174
39,419
43,177
47,546
52,395
1,490
3,198
3,666
4,483
9,690
31,558
35,646
25,901
25, 238
22,735
22,806
24,636
21,417
22,463
22,746
24,827
Net
surplus
Premiums
or
assessments
2,957
6,134
9,291
10,969
19,538
40,807
51,314
47,036
4 2 ,2 5 2
35,180
31,003
31,254
32,707
37, m
43,011
49,537
In ­
come
(Including
Interest)
3,201
7,513
10,938
12,555
22,712
44,903
56,453
50,542
45,714
38,126
33,047
34,341
35,764
4 0 ,2 5 7
46,125
52,024
Paid
for
claims
1,643
3,513
5,109
6,955
10,580
22,395
30,894
29,185
29,116
25,286
10,387
19,175
20, Oil
20, 770
24,281
27,599
Paid to
agents,
medical
examiners,
and for
management
1,753
3,330
4,258
4,354
8,771
15,019
19,239
18,086
17,610
13,045
11,359
12, 211
12,274
14,049
15,842
17,326
Total
disbursements
3,348
G 862
10.434
11,769
19,944
36,672
50,072
48,338
46,0 2 2
39,592
32,285
31,807
32,964
35, 033
40,518
45,504
Number
of certificates
written
during
year
286,183
667,809
946,340
693,654
713,270
807,722
826,509
963,011
1,023,1 8 9
507,3C8
521,266
811, no
710,697
1,002,487
1,157,763
1,348,572
Number
of certificates
in
force at
end of
year
310,092
887,804
1,382,415
1,359,366
1,853,328
2,170,562
2, 543,834
2,483,753
2 ,5 3 1 ,1 8 5
1,751,103
1,717, 619
1,899,022
1,914,519
2,248, 249
2,584,056
2,840,144
1 Number reporting; for prior years figures include all known companies, whether reporting or not.
Source; The Spectator, Philadelphia, Pa.; Insurance Yearbook, Casualty and Surety Volume.

3 0 2 BANKING AND FINANCE
N o. 3 2 8 .1 I n s u r a n c e C a r r i e r s a n d I n s u r a n c e A g e n c i e s a n d B r o k e r a g e
O f f i c e s — O f f i c e s , P e r s o n n e l , a n d P a y R o l l , b y S t a t e s : 1935
N ote.—See lieadnote, table 329
[Pay roll and commissions in thousands of dollars]
DIVISION AND STATE
c a r r ie r s; h o m e
OFFICE
N u m ­
b e r of
o f­
fices
E m ­
p lo y ­
ees
(fu lltim
e
a n d
p a r t -
tim e ) ,
a v g .
for y e a r
T o t a l
p a y
ro ll
c a r r ie r s; b r a n c h , d e p a r t m e n t a l ,
AND MANAGERIAL OFFICES
N u m ­
b e r of
offices
E m -
Payees
(fu lltim
e
a n d
p a r t-
t im e ) ,
a v g ,
for y e a r
T o t a l
p a y
ro ll
O ffice s o lic i-
to rs
N u m ­
b e r
C o m ­
m i s ­
s io n s
INSURANCE AGENCIES
AND BROKERAGE
OFFICES 1
N u m ­
b e r o f
offic es
E m ­
p l o y ­
e e s
( f u llt
im e
a n d
p a r t -
t i m e ) ,
a v g .
fo r y e a r
P a y
ro ll
U n i t e d S ta te s___ 4, 428 159, 314 268,770 8,303 126,888 266, 776 78,747 8 7 ,1 9 0 56, 824 103,309 H I , 469
N e w E n g l a n d _____ .... 339 07,107 4 7 ,7 9 0 516 10,426 22 724 6, 762 7 ,7 7 0 S, 626 6, 783 9,230
M a i n e _____________ 55 IBB 256 44 599 1,312 410 388 439 075 720
N e w H a m p s h t r e .. 25 445 863 28 422 933 214 246 205 346 315
V o r m o n t .................... 12 444 913 22 251 564 132 124 283 244 293
M a s s a c h u s e t t s . . . . 154 1 0 ,3 5 5 17,221 263 6,435 13,446 3,5 2 6 4, C6S 1 ,6 7 0 3 ,3 3 8 4,5 6 0
R h o d e I s l a n d ___ 30 884 1,789 48 739 1,676 578 821 104 382 608
C o n n e c t i c u t ........... 63 14, 003 26,7 5 4 no 1,980 4,793 902 1, 529 805 1 ,7 9 8 2,774
M id d le A tla n tic 846 08, 728 122, 408 1,833 42,168 95,452 19,867 21,7 8 1 11,7 1 2 2 8 ,1 9 2 44,976
N e w Y o r k ............ 431 45, 204 8 2 ,6 3 3 733 23,763 52, 587 13,124 13, 693 5 , 403 1 0 ,7 3 7 29,713
N e w J e r s e y _______ 63 14, 731 23, 504 205 6,352 15,119 1,707 2 ,0 2 0 2 ,4 7 9 3 ,2 5 0 4,382
P e n n s y l v a n i a ......... 351 8 ,7 0 3 16,2 6 8 635 12,243 27,746 4 ,9 4 6 6 ,0 6 2 3 ,7 7 0 8 ,2 0 5 10,881
E a s t N o r t h C e n tr a l—
O h io ..........................
I n d i a n a ___________
I ll in o i s .........................
M ic h i g a n
W is e n n s in
W e st N o r t h C e n tra l—
M in n nan fa
I o w a ..............................
M is s o u r i .................
N o r t h D a k o t a ____
S o u t h D a k o t a ____
N e b r a s k a ...................
K a n s a s .................
S o u th A tla n tic_____
D e l a w a r e ..............
M a r y l a n d .............
D i s t. o f C o l..........
V ir g in ia....... ........
W e s t V i r g in i a ___
N o r th . C a r o l i n a . . .
S o u t h C a r o l i n a . . .
G e o r g i a ...............
F l o r i d a . : ..............
E a st S o u th C e n t r a l ..
K e n t u c k y .............
T e n n e s s e e ............
A l a b a m a .............
M is s i s s i p p i..........
W e st S o u th C e n tra l—
A r k a n s a s .............
L o u i s ia n a ........
O k l a h o m a ........
T e x a s ...............__
M o u n ta in
M o n t a n a ______
I d a h o
W y o m i n g _____ _
C o lo r a d o
N e w M e x ic o___
A r iz o n a ... .
U t a h ..................
N e v a d a
P a c iflo ____
W a s h i n g t o n ______
O r e g o n . . ..............
C a lif o r n ia .............
1 ,191
210
125
434
137
285
964
250
221
211
44
57
125
50
324
15
44
27
73
21
01
43
23
17
174
36
56
42
40
340
37
55
48
206
102
3 2 2
23
(3)
37
6
»24
148
18
17
108
28,4 8 5
5,4 0 3
2,5 3 3
9 .2 8 4
2 ,5 0 0
3 ,8 5 5
12, 598
2,371
3 ,6 9 3
2,053
247
252
2,006
979
11,494
124
0,404
902
1,22]
125
1,234
613
302
569
3 ,3 1 7
578
1,314
959
408
0,1 2 6
281
1,121
032
4 ,0 0 2
1.285
3 281
72
(»)
774
«
38
■120
6,112
808
358
3,946
3 6 ,0 6 8
8 ,9 4 6
4 ,5 8 1
13,090
3 ,8 7 8
5 ,5 9 3
19,8 3 2
3,2 8 3
5,8 3 4
4 ,8 9 1
355
304
3,5 4 0
I, 625
16,6 6 6
220
10,124
1 ,0 0 7
2 ,1 5 0
201
1,994
833
725
746
5,1 1 2
954
2,1 3 1
1, 524
503
8 ,2 8 6
312
1 ,3 0 8
902
5 ,7 6 4
1 ,4 2 0
* 260
84
777
23
64
J374
11,293
1,090
403
0,710
61,228
14, 971
7,0 2 2
26,588
7,900
4,687
18,304
4,2 9 8
2,3 5 3
8,2 8 9
162
202
1,605
1,335
25,816
915
4,459
2,375
3,563
1.525
4.525
1,391
5,323
1,740
9,388
3,050
3,804
2,042
486
8, 799
806
2,284
1,641
4,068
2,899
328
92
(*)
1,623
38
111
3 707
22,166
2,206
984
18,976
14, 805
4,481
1,111
5,483
2,351
1,179
6,875
1,304
1,408
2,583
194
137
704
345
10,844
250
1,191
895
1,591
583
1,050
1, ICO
2,290
1,828
4 ,6 2 2
841
1,953
1,182
640
7,594
456
1, 024
926
4,5 8 8
1, 8S2
286
73
(3)
789
137
126
3 421
8,940
1,225
644
5,0 7 7
16, 941
6 ,0 7 7
950
5 ,7 3 3
3,001
1,1 2 0
6, 656
1,401
1,2 1 4
2 ,8 5 9
113
81
644
284
IS, 445
304
1, 620
1,116
2 ,2 4 8
859
1,1 5 0
1,540
2 ,4 9 4
2 ,0 4 5
4 ,3 1 0
803
1,8 3 0
1,0 8 6
585
7,521
397
1,3 5 7
894
4 ,8 7 3
1,684
222
73
(2)
679
105
173
3 432
7 ,0 7 6
1,063
485
5 ,5 7 8
11, 076
2 ,4 5 9
1 ,5 4 1
3 ,4 0 6
1 ,8 2 2
1 ,8 4 8
8, 876
1,8 1 4
1 ,7 6 1
1 ,9 5 2
380
319
1 ,3 8 9
1,2 6 0
4 ,7 3 5
136
295
183
685
416
783
427
1 ,0 0 2
749
3 ,0 0 8
948
933
555
570
4 ,3 5 2
446
388
1,124
2 ,3 9 4
1,991
354
276
152
640
118
181
234
36
7,2 5 1
1 ,0 2 8
716
5,5 0 7
21,4 9 1
6 ,3 6 2
1 .8 9 0
7 ,3 8 6
3, 567
2 ,2 8 6
10,473
2 ,2 9 1
1 ,3 0 8
4 ,1 1 3
258
232
1 ,2 2 1
1 ,0 5 0
9, 529
185
1 ,0 9 9
821
1, 577
658
1 ,2 8 3
609
1 ,9 5 5
1 ,3 4 2
4 ,3 5 7
1, 300
1, 685
974
398
5. 956
647
1,1 5 9
1 ,0 4 7
3 ,1 0 3
2 ,5 9 6
308
252
92
1,0 0 3
106
296
510
29
13,932
2 ,4 1 0
1 ,1 8 0
1 0 ,3 4 2
28,460
7,501
2,135
11,070
4,903
2,851
13,404
3,142
1,402
6,2 4 5
235
238
1,279
863
13,179
244
1,575
1,320
2,0 7 3
801
1, 038
747
2,8 7 1
1,841
5,1 5 8
1,3 3 5
2 ,1 5 3
1 ,2 1 9
451
0 ,6 6 2
774
1,013
1,096
2 ,8 7 9
3 ,1 2 6
382
255
90
1 ,3 2 4
107
411
525
32
17,274
2 ,0 8 8
1 ,2 7 2
13,314
0 * iDSUrance 3Dd rea‘ estate o f lt a TOmbi“ d uata tor united States are shown
i Now Mexico combined with M ontana.
Rnnrft „ . * Wyoming combined w ith Utah.
Source. Departm ent of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business report on Insurance.

B’lS'AlTCIAL INSTITUTIONS’ 303
N o. 3 2 9 .— I n s u r a n c e C a r r ie r s a n d I n s u r a n c e A g e n c ie s a n d B r o k e r a g e
O f f ic e s — N u m b e r o f O f f i c e s , P e r s o n n e l , a n d P a t R o l l , b y T y p e o f
I n s u r a n c e , f o r t h e U n it e d St a t e s : 1935
N ote.—Carriers include all types of insurance coverage except title insurance and the guarantee of mortgages.
Each carrier is considered as having only one home office. Insurance agencies and brokerage
offices include insurance agencies, sub-agencies, and brokerage offices identifiable as business establishments!
managing agencies for one or more carriers; attomeys-in-fact for Lloyds Associations and for reciprocal
exchanges; and underwriter agencies. Classifications by kind of insurance in the case of multiple
line companies submitting a consolidated report are based on the kind of insurance from which the major
portion of the business is derived. For employment by occupational groups, see table 388
Carriers: Homeoffioes_____________________
Tslfa
Casualty, surely, and miscellaneous______
Carriers: Branch, departmental, and manage-
Lir*
Casualty, surety, and miscellaneous______
Insurance agencies and brokerage offices.........
Insurance offices_____ _________________
Insurance and real estate offices__________
Number
of offices
4,428
11,209
3 2,620
599
8,809
6,171
689
1,442

3 0 4 BANKING AND FINANCE
No, 3 8 1 .-—Commodity E xchange T ransactions—Volume of T rading in
P rincipal Grain F utures and Amount of F ederal T axes Collected on
Sales of All Commodities for Future Delivery: 1922 to 1940
N ote.—Trading in wheat and corn futures usually accounts for around 90 percent of the total volume of
trading in grain futures. Statistics of the volume of future trading are not collected for commodities
other than grains. The value of all futures sales is roughly indicated, however, by the amount of taxes
collected on such sales. Since Oct. 3, 1917, stamp taxes upon sales of products or merchandise on
exchanges, boards of trade, or similar places, for future delivery, have been in effect as follows: On each
$100 of such sales or a fractional part thereof in excess of $100, 2 cents prior to July % 1924:1 cent July 2,
1924, to June 21,1932; 5 cents June 21,1032, to May 11,1934; 3 cents May 12,1934, to June 30,1938; repealed,
effective July 1,1038
[Volume of trading in wheat and corn in thousands of bushels; taxes in thousands of dollars]
VOLUME OF TRADING
1 IN—
YEA R 1 Wheat ‘
futures
Com
futures
Taxes on
sales of
produce
for future
delivery1
YEAR
VOLUME OF TRADING
Wheat
futures
IN —
Corn
futures
Taxes on
sales of
produce
for future
delivery 1
ig22................... 12,701,922 4,839,449 5,645 1936 8,017,322 2,098, 455 3,350
1923.................... 10,078, 513 4,649,005 7,625 Jan.-June.-.. 3.396,337 471,839 1,195
1924.................... 11,223,017 6,215,579 6,507 5,220,985 1,620,616 2,155
1926.................... 20,628,785 6,408,648 5,070 1937 " 12,576,416 2,002,125 5,445
1926.................... 15, 636, 261 4,099,745 3,524 Jan.-June__ 6,437,607 1,325,110 2,041
1927................... 10,858,465 6,709, 000 3,488 6,138,809 1,337,015 2,504
1928................... 10,947,471 6,838,591 3,578 1938 ' 6,845,056 1,578,823 1, 344
1929.................... IS', 770i 598 4,943,104 3,766 Jan.-June.. . 3,013, 220 635.850 1,005
1930.................... 14,737, 859 4,741,285 2,518
3,231,830 942,973 249
1931.................... 8,337, 633 4,241,070 1,110 1939 * 6,270,359 1, 530,050 to
1932.................... 9,598,775 1,579, 695 2,460 Jan.-June___ 2, 273,346 632, 395
1933 ...... 12,385,619
S3
3,864,062 7,479 July-Dee....... 3,997,013 897,655
1934 ...... 8,915,344 3,418,012 4,950 1940:
1035.................... 8,462,821 2,365,603 3,277 Jan.-June___ 4,377,943 494,215 «
1Figures represent sales of stamps.
* Tax repealed.
Sources-. Dept, of Agriculture, Commodity Exchange Administration; monthly reports on volume
of trading. Treasury Dept., Bureau oflnternal Revenue; Comparative Statement of Monthly Collections.
No. 332.—S ecu rities L isted on New Y ork S tock E xchange—V a lu e s
[Value, except average price, in millions of dollars]
JAN. 1—
Face
value
BONDS
Market
value
Average
price
1929 *48, __________ 589 47,379 $97.51
1930 49, __________ 058 46,892 95.69
1931 50, __________ 073 47,385 94.63
1932 52, __________ 360 37,848 72.29
1933 *41, __________ 305 31,918 77.27
1934 41,829 __________ 34,861 83.34
757
1,128
1,297
1,310
1, 312
1,293
STOCKS
Shares
(millions)
Market
value
67,478
64, 708
49,020
26, 694
22, 768
33,095
Average
price
$89.10
57.38
37.80
20.24
17.35
25.59
JAN. 1—
Face
value
BONDS
Market
value
1935___ 44,810 40,660
1936.. 42,893 .. 39,399
1937.. .. 40,280 45,054
1938.— 47,694 42,782
1939 51,554 47,053
1940.. 54,067 .. 49,920
STOCKS
Average
(mil­
Shares
price lions)
Market
value
$90.73 1,305 33,934
91.85 1,318 46,946
97.35 1,360 59,878
89.70 1,412 38,869
91.27 1,424 47,491
I92.33 1 1,435 46,468
Average
price
$25.99
35.62
44.02
27.53
33.34
32. 37
1Approximately $12,000,000,000 par value British Government bonds were added to the list during
April 1928 and approximately $1Q,0Q0,GQQ,GQ0removed from the list during December 1932.
Source: New York Stock Exchange, Year Book.
No. 333.— S ales on N ew Y ork Stock Exchange—Volume: 1914 to 1939
YEAR
Stocks,
millions
of
shares*
BONDS, PAR VALUE (MILLIONS OF
DOILARS) *
Total
Corporate
U. S.
Government
State,
municipal,
foreign
YEAR
Stocks,
millions
of
shares*
BONDS, PAR VALUE (MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS) ^
Total
Corporate
TJ.S.
Government
State,
mimic*
ip a l,
foreign
1914.......... 48 462 427 1 34 1927......... 577 3,269 2,142 290 837
1915_____ 173 961 907 3 51 1928......... 920 2,903 1,967 188 749
1916_____ 233 1,150 845 1 304 1929......... 1,125 2,082 2,182 142 658
1917.......... 186 1,057 471 286 300 1930......... 810 2,764 1,927 116 721
1918.......... 144 2,063 356 1,436 271 1931.......... 577 3,051 1,846 296 908
1918.......... 317 3,809 622 2,901 286 1932......... 425 2.967 1, 642 670 755
1020.......... 227 3,977 827 2,861 289 1933......... 655 3,369 2,099 501 769
1021......... 373 3,324 1,043 1,957 324 1934......... 324 3,726 2,239 885 602
1922......... 250 4 ,37G 1,905 1,873 592 1935......... 382 3,339 2,287 674 378
1923......... 236 2,700 1,568 796 425 1936......... 496 3,576 2,899 319 359
1924.......... 282 3,804 2,346 877 082 1037......... 409 2,793 2,097 349 847
1925.......... 454 3,334 2,332 391 661 1938......... 297 1,860 1,484 127 249
1926.......... 451 2,987 2,004 262 721 1939......... 262 2,046 1,480 311 255
*Exclusive of odd-lot and stopped sales.
Source: Commercial and Financial Chronicle.
*Exclusive of stopped sales.

STOCK EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS 3 0 5
N o. 8 3 4 .—Sales of Stocks and B onds on All R egistered E xchanges
[ All money figures in millions of dollars; number of shares of stock in millions. Stock sales include rights
_______
and warrants!
YEAR Atrn
QUARTER
Market
Jvalzid o f
all sales
ALL R E G IS T E R E D EXCHANGES
Stocks
Shares Market value
Par
value
Bonds
Market value
Market
value of
all sales
N E W Y O R K STOCK EX CHANGE
Stocks
Shares Market value
Par
value
Bonds
Market
value
1938.................................. 13,927 542 12,338 2 ,3 1 0 1 ,580 12.3QG 424 u , o i 6 1 ,9 3 2 1,290
J e n . - M n r . . ........ 2, m 114 2 ,5 2 0 551 386 2,576 87 2 ,252 472 324
Apr.-June_____ 3 ,5 2 4 102 2 ,1 6 9 612 365 2 ,2 2 4 79 1,930 421 294
July-sept.......... 3 ,9 3 9 152 3 ,5 6 3 543 386 3, 529 122 3 ,2 1 5 452 314
Oct.-Dcc_____ 4 ,5 5 8 m 4 ,1 0 5 704 453 3 ,9 7 0 137 3 ,6 1 9 587 357
1939........... ...................... 1 3 ,3 4 7 467 11,426 2 ,5 9 0 1,921 11,488 366 9 ,9 7 0 2 ,1 2 1 1,518
Jan.-Mnr.......... 3 ,3 0 3 114 2 ,8 4 0 637 463 2,804 88 2,461 495 343
Apr.-June------- 2 ,4 1 3 88 2 ,0 4 0 503 372 2; 052 68 1,776 393 277
July-Sopt-------- 4 ,4 1 1 155 3 ,7 4 9 820 662 3 ,8 7 8 125 3,316 705 501
O e t . - D e c _____ 3 ,2 1 9 110 2 ,7 9 6 830 423 2 ,7 6 4 86 2,417 528 337
1M0;
Jan.-Mar_____ 2,381 87 1 ,9 9 0 525 341 1 ,9 3 3 64 1,669 429 266
Apr.-June........ J 3 ,5 0 8 140 3,133 585 376 2, 903 112 2,695 472 2g8
No. 38S .— B r o k e r s ’ L o a n s—A m o u n ts O u tsta n d in g : 1928 t o 1940
N o te .—-In millions of dollars. Figures cover net borrowings by all New York Stock Exchange members
on collateral contracted for and carried in Now York City. Figures are reported as of the first of eaoh
month hut are here shown ns of the end of the preceding m o n t h __________________________
TEAR Mar. June Sept. Deo.
YEAR AND
MONTH
Total
Demand
Time
YEAR AND
month
Total
Demand
Time
1028.............. 4, mo 4 , m 5,514 6,440 1939: 1939-Con.
1929.............. 6,804 7,071 8.649 3,990 Jan___ 666 033 34 Nov......... 574 544 31
1030 ............. 4,050 3.728 3,481 V, 894 Feb____ 683 640 37 D ec.......... 594 565 30
1931............. 1,909 1,391 1,044 587 M ar......... 055 617 38 1940:
1032 . '633 244 '380 347 Apr.......... 547 515 32 Jan_____ 660 533 27
1933.............. 311 780 897 84S M ay........ 540 515 30 Feb......... 555 529 26
1934............... 981 1,082 832 880 June........ 537 509 28 M ar......... 570 BBC 20
1035.- . . 773 800 781 938 July......... 554 527 27 A p r........ 67s 561 20
1036............... 997 989 072 1,051 A ug'-----. 509 478 81 M ay........ 409 391 18
1037............... 1,159 1, 186 1,039 069 Sept......... 467 434 34 June........ 332 317 15
1938............... 821 470 524 717 Oct.......... 634 502 32
No. 3 3 6 .—C ustom ers’ D eb it B alances, M oney Borrow ed, and R e la te d
Item s—Stock E xchange Firms C arrying M argin Accounts: 1937 to 1940
N o te ,—All figures in m illions of dollars. Data relate to member firms of the New York Stock Exchange
carrying margin accounts. Figures are derived from money balances as shown by the ledger and do
not include the value of securities carried for customers or owned hy the firms. For detailed discussion
of these figures, see Federal Reserve Bulletin, September 1936_____________________________________
YEAR AND MONTH
Customers’
debit
balances
(not)1
d e b it balances
Debit balances in
investment and
trading accounts
of—
Cash on
hand
and in
banks
Money
borrowed
1
Customers’
credit
bal-
CREDIT BALANCES
Credit balances in
investment and
trading accounts
of—
Partners Firm
ances1 Partners Firm
Credit
balances
ncapital
accounts
(net)
1037—September.... 1,303 48 128 230 1,088 352 26 12 385
December__ 985 34 108 232 688 363 26 10 355
1038—March........... 831 29 95 215 576 320 25 9 315
June---------- 774 27 88 215 495 347 22 11 298
September.... 823 20 70 218 559 325 20 7 300
December.... 991 32 108 190 754 307 22 5 305
1939—March........... 953 27 84 174 609 284 20 9 294
June.............. 834 25 73 178 570 300 21 0 280
September__ 856 20 64 217 520 392 22 11 283
December.... 906 16 78 207 637 335 23 7 277
1040—March........... 886 15 78 186 815 317 21 7 270
June.............. 653 12 58 223 376 329 22 5 209
1Excluding balances with reporting firms (l) of member firms of New York Stock Exchange and other
national securities exchanges and (2) of firms' own partners.
1 Includes all money borrowed except from other member firms of national securities exchanges.
Sources: Table 334, Securities and Exchange Commission, Statistical Series; table 336, Commercial
and Financial Chronicle published currently; table 336, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,
monthly figures published currently in Federal Reserve Bulletin.

306 BANKING AND DISTANCE
No. 3 3 7 — S t o c k P r i c e s — N e w Y o r k T im e s A v e r a g e s : 1916 t o 1940
YEAR
50 STOCKS
(DOLLARS PER SHARE)
H ig h
L o w
A v e ra g e
clo sin g >
26 INDUSTRIALS
(DOLLARS PER SHARE)
H ig h
L o w
A v e ra g e
c lo s in g 1
25 RAILROADS
(DOLLARS PER SHARE)
H ig h
L o w
A v erage
c lo sin g 1
1916.... .............................. 101.51 80.91 80. 60 119.30 86.60 99.14 85. 70 74. S3 80.05
1917................................ 90.40 57.43 77. 23 90.74 02.81 85.44 81.22 52. 06 89.12
1918................._.............. 80.10 64.12 71.16 01.55 71. 31 80.98 70.75 56. 94 61.34
1919___ — ____ 09. 50 69.73 83.92 138.12 80.37 105. 77 68. 78 54. 48 62.06
94. 07 62.70 81. 58 120.83 70.55 107.21 63. 55 48. 53 55. 94
1921 *__ _________ 73.13 68.35 86.30 90.00 66.24 79.38 56. 54 47. 59 53.21
93. 06 66. 21 80.48 116.24 79.86 98.58 70. 53 52. 57 62.38
1923_________ _______ 02. 52 77.15 83.97 118.44 90. 05 107.78 67. 05 54. 61 60.15
1924.......................... __ 107.23 82.20 91.13 135.11 103.26 116.08
1925_____________
81. 41 57.80 67.18
138.21 101.10 117.57 185.36 128.83 152.65 05. 29 73. 50
1028______ ______
82.48
142. 35 109.63 129. 49 180.03 137.66 165.70 102.60
1927..........................
81.61 93.27
185.47 135.82 164.18 247.48 171.40 214. 54 124. 22
1928_____________
99. 34 113.81
231,45 173.13 195.49 332.58 233. 42 208. 92 132.80
1929_..................
112. 84 122. 06
811.90 164.43 251.08 469.49 220.95 366.29 158. 71
1930.................._____
107. 92 135.87
245.60 135.43 190. 59 358.16 196.67 285. 0G 136. 00
1931___ ,____ _____
74.20 113.51
173,07 67,61 125.09 251.22 110.73 187.15 94. 93 24. 40
1932_______ ____
63, 01
80.88 33.98 57.81 129.16 57.62 93.63 33. 06 10. 34
1933____________
21.99
98. 05 46.86 74. 03 150. 21 75.39 US. 42 47. 57 18. 31 30.84
98.27 74.95 85. 62 153.18 123.34 137.84
1935___ __________
43.30 • 25. 54 33.10
110.74 77.92 96. 92 203. 58 134.02 107,29
1936— .....................
33.35 21.12 29.58
144.44 111.90 127.87 243.60 101.26 215. 72
1937................... _
47. 45 31. 82 40.03
142.93 82.07 121.57 238.72 141.82 204.60
1938........................
51,47 21.35 38.65
110.74 69. 70 93.07 105.78 124.93 166.52 25. 94 14.47 20.84
114.27 84. 79 1Q2.05 202.90 151.56 181.40 27.86
Jan.-June:
18.03 22.71
1039....................... 109.94 84.79 07.86 192.03 151.56 173. 90 26. 35 18.03
1940..... ......... ........
21.82
111.78 82. 32 102.74 108.84 147.97 183.81 24.73 10.19 21.67
1 Average oi Saturday closing prices for these stocks.
No. 338.—- S to c k a n d B o n d P r i c e s — A v e r a g e s , b y C l a s s : 1918 t o 1940
Figures in boxes indicate the number of issues. Data not available where blank spaces occur
N o t e .
IT. S.
Government
3
(dollars)
Munici
p al3
(dollars)
(15)
Corporate, dollars per $100
bond
Total
(60)
Industrial
(20)
Public
utility
(20)
Rails
(20)
COMMON STOCKS (1926 = 100)
Preferred
stocks i
(dollars
per
share)
(20) Total
(420)
Industrial
(350)
Public
utility
(40)
Eaiiroad
(30)
1918 ....................
1919 ....................
1920 ....................
1921 ....................
1922—........
1923............
1924_........
3625—........
1920............
1927............
1928_.........
1929 ....................
1930 ....................
1931 .................... 104.7
1932 .................... 93.8
1933 .................... 102.3
1934 .................... 104.0
1935 .................... 105.5
89. G
90.1
83.7
82.5
93.2
92.0
93.7
OS. 2
95.3
00.7
95.6
92.7
95.4
06.4
87.8
87.1
96.1
97.6 03.6 97.3 101.7
100.7 95.9 99.2 107.0
100.8- 95.8 100.0 108.7
98.1 93.2 07.7 103.3
99.3 92. G 99.4 106.0
90.9 81,8 07.2 93.8
69.5 63.1 80.5 64.8
73.4 69.2 80.6 70.5
84.5 81.0 87.8 83.9
105.3 88.6 88.2 98.2 79.4
1936 ........................................
103.7 110.8 97.5 92.2 105.4 94.7
1937 ............ 101.7 110.3 93.4 90.1 100.4 89.6
1938 .................... 103.4 113.7 78.9 82.9 95.3 58.6
1939 ............ 106.0 116.3 81.6 80.0 100.9 58.0
Jan.-June';
1 9 3 9 ......... 108.5 117.6 81.4 85.8 100.7 57.5
1940........ 106.6 118.1 81.2 86.0 100.8 56.2
104.4 60.7 56.0 59.9 68.7
110.0 70.7 72.6 60.3 70.1
103.2 64.2 60.1 54.5 63.0
103.0 55,2 51.6 57.8 61.8
114.0 67.7 64.7 70.9 72.7
114.4 69.0 66.6 73.8 71.9
115.2 72.8 69.6 78.9 76,7
118.6 80.7 88.4 04.0 89.5
121.0 100.0 100. Q 1Q0.0 100.0
127.1 118.3 118.5 116.0 119.1
130.0 140.0 154.3 148.9 128,5
127.4 190.3 189.4 234, G 147,3
126.4 149.4 140.6 214.0 124.9
119.1 94.7 87.4 148.7 72.5
96.1 48.6 46.5 79.1 26.4
104.8 63.0 65.7 78.1 37.7
120.7 72.4 81.1 08.0 41.5
133.8 78.3 90.8 71.4 34,0
138.9 111.0 127.3 104.3 51,2
130.2 111.8 131.3 94.8 49.3
135.6 83.3 99.4 73.2 20.1
141.2 89.2 104.9 84.6 28.2
142.0 87.4 102.8 83.0 27.2
140.2 87.5 102.5 84.4 27.4
i Average of prices adjusted to a $7 annual-dividend basis.
J Average price of outstanding issues due or callable after 12 years.
3 Average yield on 16 bonds converted to equivalent price for 3% percent bond having 22 years to date
a rd ° s S tfM Co00"6116 bands’ Board Qf Governors of Federal Reserve System; other figures, Stand-

DIVIDENDS— SECURITY YIELDS 307
N o . 339.— S t o c k a n d B o n d Y i e l d s — P e r c e n t : 1922 t o 1940
N o te.—Figures in boxes indicate number of issues. Data not available where blank spaces occur
BONDS
STOCKS
YEAH
u .s .
Treasury
(Treasury
Dept,)*
Municipal
(Bond
Buyer)
(20)
Corporate (Moody's Investors’
Service)
Total
(120)
Industrial
(40)
Railroad
(40)
Public
utility
(40)
Municipal
(Standard
Statistics
Co.)
(15)
Preferred
industrial
i
(Standard
Statistics
Co.)
(20)
Common (Moody’s Investors'
Service) 3
Total
Industriaroad
Rail­
(200) 4
(125) (25)
Public
utility
(26)
1922........... 4.30 4.21 5.95 6.04 5.89 5.93 4.23 6.14
1923_____ 4.36 4.27 6.04 6. 04 6,24 5.83 4.25 6.12
1924........... 4.00 4.21 5.80 5.90 5.90 5.61 4.20 6.08
1925........... 3.80 4.13 5.47 5.61 5.51 6. 29 4.09 5.90
1926........... 3.08 4.14 5.21 5.37 5.13 5.12 4.08 5. 78
1927........... 3.34 3.99 4.97 5.10 4.83 4. 96 3.98 5. 51
1928........... 3.33 4.05 4.04 5.10 4. 85 4.87 4.05 5.35
1929........... 3. CO 4.32 5.21 5.31 5.18 5.14 4.27 5. 50 6 3.5 *4.0 *4.4 8 2.6
m o .......... 3.20 4.12 5.09 5.25 4. 96 5.05, 4.07 5.54 4.6 4.9 5.6 3.7
1931........... 3. 34 4.07 5.81 6.08 0.09 5.27 4.01 5.81 6.2 6.4 7.8 5.4
1932........... 3. 68 4. 77 0.87 6. 71 7.61 6,30 4. 65 7.33 7.4 7.3 6.3 8.0
1933........... 3.31 5.14 5.89 5.34 6.09 6.25 4. 71 6.71 4.4 3.7 2.7 6.9
1934........... 3.12 4.22 4.96 4. 52 4.96 5.40 4.03 5.81 4.1 3.4 3.0 6.9
1935........... 2.70 3.38 4. 46 4. 02 4. 95 4. 43 3.41 5.23 4.1 3.5 4.0 6.3
1930_____ 2. 65 2.93 3.87 3.50 4.24 3.88 3.07 5,04 3.5 3.4 2.7 4.5
1937........... 2.68 3.03 3.94 3. 55 4.34j 3.93 3.10 5.14 4.8 4.8 4.3 6.5
1938........... 2.56 2.99 4.19 3. 50 5. 21 3.87 2.91 5.17 4.4 3.9 5.3 6.4
1939.......... 2.36 2.82 3.77 3.30 4.53 3.48 2.76 4.96 4.2 3.9 3.7 5.5
Jan.-June1.
1939....... 2.31 2.73 3.79 3.30 4.59 3.49 2.69 4.03 4.1 3.7 3.7 ■5.6
1940....... 2.32 2.70 3.62 3.14 4.42 3.31 2.66 5,00 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.5
1 Prior to 1926, averages of yields of all outstanding Treasury bonds due or callable after 8 shears, together
with certain Liberty Loan issues; beginning 1926, averages of yields of bonds due or callable after 12years.
3 High grade.
* Average of monthly figures computed by dividing the aggregate annual dividends being paid as of the
end of each month by the market value of all outstanding shares of the companies as of the same date.
4 Includes 15 banks and 10 insurance stocks.
8 Average of figures for June to December.
N o. 340.— C a s h D i v i d e n d P a y m e n ts o n 600 C om m on S to c k s : 1931 t o 1940
YEAR AND MONTH
Total annual
payments
at
Number
current
of shares,
rates adjusted1
(millions (millions)
of dollars)
WEIGHTED AVERAGE DIVIDEND RATE PER SHARE (DOLLARS)
Total, 600
stocks
492 industrials
36 railroads
30 public
utilities
21 banks
21 insurance
1031, a v erage.................. 2, 234. 7 015.72 2.33 1.85 4.80 2.97 5.75 3.37
1032, average..____ 1,326.9 925.60 1.43 1.08 1.38 2.51 4.75 2.34
1933, average..____ 1,008.0 924.04 1.09 .78 .88 2.18 3.77 1.70
1034, average.............. 1,108.2 923.16 1.20 .95 1.10 1.99 3.67 1.71
1035, average.............. 1,215. 5 919.28 1.32 1.14 1.23 1.85 3.23 2.12
1036, average.............. 1,493.1 923. 01 1.62 1.52 1.29 1.03 3.01 2.23
1937, average..............
March.................
June..................... 1,933. 7 923.50 2.09 2.08 1.77 2.10 3.07 2.37
September_____ 1,963.9 923. 60 2.13 2.14 1.77 2.05 3.07 2.37
December............ 2,026.2 929.10 2.18 2.22 1.69 2.06 3.07 2.38
1938, average.............. 1,386. 3 929. 59 1.49 1.35 1.24 1.95 3.03 2.30
March 1,457. 6 029.00 1.57 • 1.42 1.64 1.97 3.07 2.38
June..................... 1,287.1 929.10 1.39 1.22 1.18 1.04 3.00 2.22
September ......... 2,203. 9 020.10 1.39 1. 24 1.09 1.93 3.00 2.24
December 1,315.0 935.03 1.41 1.28 .85j 1.92 3. 01 2.31
1939, average.............. 1,406. 9 935.15 1,50 1.40 .96 1.93 3.01 2.37
March................ 1,334.2 935. 03 1.43 1.30 .90 1.92 3.01 2.31
June................... 1,382.4 935. 03 1.48 1.37 .90 1.94 3.01 2.39
September........... 1,423.8 935.03 1.52 3.42 .90 1.95 3.01 2.39
1,942.9 923.97 2.10 2.10 1.76 2.08 3.07 2.35
1,885. 7 923.50 2.04 2.02 1.77 2.08 3.07 2.25
December..........
1940:
March................. 1,631.3 936. 43 1.74 1.68 1.26 1.95 3.01 2.64
June... _ . . . 1,690.4 936.43 1.81 1.77 1.29 1.96 3.01 2.44
1,689.4 930.43 1.70 1.63 1.26 1.95 3.01 2.53
1 Adjusted for stock dividends and splits but not for changes in share capitalization due to other causes.
Source; Moody’s Inv$stor§’ Service,

3 0 8 BANKING AND FINANCE
N o , 341.— N e t P r o f i t s o f 221 C o r p o r a t i o n s , b y T y p e o f B u s i n e s s : 1932 t o
1939
Note.—In millions and tenths of millions of dollars. Figures in parentheses indicate the number of com*
panies. For net profits of all corporations as compiled from income-tax returns, see tables 108 and 200,
pp. IQS and 1QQ__________________________________
_
CLASS AND NUMBER OF COMPANIES 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Industrial (108)...................................... i 9 9 . 6 170.7 308.7 557. 5 895.9 977.9 391.0 743.0
Automobiles, parts and accessories
(28) 2................................................. i 48.8 85.2 94.6 225.1 348.6 283.3 90.2 239.0
Ohemicals (13)................................... 39.9 64.5 79.8 99.0 122.0 136.1 85.9 128.8
Food products and beverages (19)... 59.5 66.4 72.0 67.6 82.9 77.5 75.5 81.5
Machinery and machine manufacturing
(17)....................................... W 4.5 1.8 17.6 26.0 41.2 53.2 22.4 29.3
Metals and mining (12)..................... IS. 7 3.2 8.2 11.7 16.5 23.8 8. 5 14.2
Petroleum (13)....................... ........... 5.0 6.5 14.5 29.6 56.1 73.2 40.1 41.4
Steel (11)............................................. i m . s > 6 0 .8 22.4 100.3 165.1 i 6 .S 93.4
Miscellaneous (55)............................. 1IS.7 3.9 44.9 76. L 128.3 165.7 66.7 114.8
Public utilities other than telephone
companies and steam railroads (53) L 198.6 169.0 163.6 176.1 197.8 205.8 188.7 207.1
i Deficit. 3Excluding tires.
* Net income. For operating income of telephone companies and Glass I railroads, see tables 436 and 490.
No. 342.—- C a p i t a l I s s u e s — S u m m ary , b y C l a s s e s ; 1922 t o 1939
Note.—In. millions and tenths of millions of dollars. Data cover domestic and foreign issues in the United
States. Preferred stocks of no par value and all common stocks are taken at their offering price, other
issues at par, except that in the figures for corporate issues for 1916 to 1918 all stocks are included at their
market value. Corporate issues for 1916 to 1918 exclude real estate offerings and privileged stock subscriptions
included in figures beginning 1919, and issues of less than $100,000. State and municipal Issues include
bonds issued by States, Territories, and possessions, counties and municipalities, and by school and
road districts and other independent governmental bodies
YEAR
Total
issues
New
capital
Foreign
government
Railroads
Corporate
TOTAL ISSUES, BY KINDS
Befunding
Farmloan
and
.Gov't
agencies
State
and
municipal
1922........................ 6,236.9 4,304.4 931.6 651.5 980.4 015.8 525.5 386.4 1,143.7 632.4
1923........................ 4,989.7 4,304.4 685.3 518.2 1,138.4 1,044.8 631.4 392.5 1,071.3 293.1
1924........................ 6,352.5 5. 593.2 769.3 940.3 1,529.6 805.7 563.0 179.1 1, 407. 8 927.0
1925........................ 7,126.0 6.220.2 905.9 514.7 1,710.0 1,270.2 1, 243.2 188.2 1, 408. 4 791.3
1926........................ 7,430.3 6,344.1 1,086.1 422.6 1.968.0 1,610.2 1,298.8 131.3 1, 375. 6 623.9
1927........................ 9,933.7 7, 791.1 2,142.6 962.8 2,977.4 1,673.8 1,706.2 179.6 1,522.5 912.4
1928.....................- 9,991.8 8,114.4 1,877.5 727.7 2,562.3 1,816.9 2,710.9 63.9 420.9 689.2
1929........................ 11,592.2 10,182.8 1,409.4 817.2 2,442.8 2 459.8 4,306.6 1,435.7 130,1
1930........................ 7,677.0 7,023.4 ■653.7 1,026.5 2,566.2 1,151.0 728.6 86.5 1,407.0 619.6
1931........................ 4,022.9 3,115. 5 907.4 516.5 1,538.9 329.6 204.0 125.6 1,258.0 50.4
1932..... .................. 1,730.3 1,192.2 538.0 61.0 640.3 20.9 21.8 169.6 3 850.8 66.0
1933........................ 1,053.7 709.8 344.2 99.9 92.7 186.6 2.3 90.2 3522.0 60.0
1934........................ 2,212.3 1,386.3 825.9 249.2 158.4 53.2 30.2 721.7 3 939. 5 60.0
1935........................ 4,752.3 1, 412.1 3,340.2 196.7 1,283.8 706.5 80.4 1,137.1 >1,231.8 116.0
1930........................ 6.254.3 1. 973.3 4,281.0 796.1 2,125.3 1,258.0 452.6 376.2 Jl,120.7 126.5
1937........................ 4,001.3 2,100.7 1,900. ft 356.7 827.5 1,036.9 212. 5 437.7 2 907.7 222.3
1938........................ 4,457.9 2,353.7 2,104.2 72.4 1, 222. 6 798.1 46.1 1,146.0 31,107.6 65.0
1930 ...................... 5,836.7 2,203.4 3,543.3 1S5.S 1,319. 5 508.5 105.3 2,461.6 31,128.8 67.5
CORPORATE ISSUES BY CLASS
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1025
1926
1927
YEAR
Total
Public
utilities Industrials
1 laneous
Miscel­
Longterm
bonds
and
notes
2,188. 5 1,4
1.530.0 1,0
1.344.8 1,0
2, 739. 7 633.7
2, 966.3 1,234.4
2, 390.9 1.896.2
3.073.8 2.304.3
3.232.8 2.316.4
3,838.6 2.566.3
4 .738.1 3,040.2
5, 299. 6 3,648.0
X 319.2 5.190.4
Shortterm
bonds
a n d
notes
35.0
75.5
47.1
540.2
660.8
215.4
145.0
180.5
403.0
386.9
333,8
355.5
OF SECURITY (NEW CAPITAL AND REFUNDING)1
Stocks
781.5
454.5
297.7
1.565.8
1, 071.1
279. 3
624.0
736.0
866.3
1,311.0
1.317.8
1,773.3
1928.
1929.
1930-
1931.
1932.
1933-
1934.
1935-
1936.
1937.
1938.
1939
YEAR
Long- Shortterm
term
Total bonds bonds Stooks
and end
notes notes
7,817,9 3,916.6 274.1 3, 627.2
10,026.4 2,842.3 262.6 6,921,4
5,473.3 3,248.0 667.0 1,568.3
2,589.0 1, 840. 8 406.1 343.1
643.9 405.8 214.0 24.0
381.6 138.6 90.4 152.7
491.1 287.0 169.5 34,6
2,267.4 2,066.1 50.5 150.8
4,631.9 4,001.3 62.8 567.9
2,433.7 1,678.6 94.7 760.4
2,139. 2 2,032. a 10.6 96.5
2,178.9 1,873.3 76.8 228.8
1Comprises the following classifications given in the original detailed statements: Iron, steel, coal, copper,
etc,, equipment manufactures, motors and accessories, oil, rubber, and miscellaneous industrials.
See noto 1, table 843. 3 Figures for 1916 to 1018 are from the New York Journal of Commerce.
Sources: Table 341, Federal Reserve Bank of New York; table 342, Commercial and Financial Chronicle,
A T /io n r n a ' 1

■capital is s u e s 309
No. 3 4 S . — C a p it a l I s s u e s — N e w C a p it a l An d R e f u n d in g , b y C l a s s; 1933
t o 1 9 3 9
[In millions and tenths of millions of dollars. See headnote, table 342]
KIND OF ISSUE 1932 1933 1934 1935 1930 1937 1938 1939
TOTAL
1,730.3 1,053.7 2,212.3 4,752.3 6, 254.3 4, 001.3 4,457. 9 5,838. 7
Corporate. total 643.9 381,8 491.1 2,287.4 4,631.9 2,433.7 2,138.2 2,178.9
Domestic:
Long-term bonds and notes.. 405.8 138.5 287.0 2,066.1 3,963.3 1,578,6 2,032.3 1,793.8
Short-term bonds and notes— 214.0 88.8 168.3 60.6 62.8 94.7 10.5 76.8
10.9 15.2 3.2 123.7 270.8 > 468.4
13.1 137.4 31.4 27.2 282.1 292.0
.1 63.0
78.6
17.8
1.6 1.2 j .
161.1
67.7
79.5
66.0 60.0 50.0 116.0 48.0 88.3 40.0 67,5
10,0 78.6 134.0 25.0
Farm-loan and government agencies.. 169.6 90.2 721.7 1,137.1 375.2 437.7 1,140,0 2, 461.6
State and municipal:
Domestic 1.................................... 849.6 620.5 939.6 1,220. 2 1,117.4 902.3
U. 8. Territories and possessions- 1.3 1.5 11.7 3.3 5.4 1,099.8
7.9 1,126.8
2.0
NEW CAPITAL
1,192.2 709.5 1,386.8 1,412.1 1,973.3 2,100,7 2, 353.7 2,293.4
Corporate, total...................................... 325.4 160,7 178.3 403.6 1,215.0 1,225.0 872.0 371.2
Domestic:
Long-term bonds and notes.. 271.0 23.6 112.1 322.9 816.5 769.1 803.1 275.1
Short-term bonds and notes.. 34.1 18.7 31.6 11.3 23.0 47.8 3,6 4 5
15.2 3.2 54.5 90.0 204.6
105.1 31.4 14.8 262.5 203.5
10.5
9.7
Canadian____________________
Other foreign.. ____________ _
.1 23.0
26.0 69.3
Other foreign government................... 25.0
i? arm-loan and government agencies.. 77.1 63.9 405.1 150.1 21.9 157.0 480.9 924.4
State and municipal:
D om estic1...................................... 762.5 483.4 803.0 855.0 734.9 711.6 970.6
X J , S. Territories and possessions. 1.3 1.6 3.5 1.6 3.8 5.2 .5
REFUNDING
47.9
17.3
25.9
538.0 344.2 825.9 3,340.2 4, 231. 0 1,900. 6 2,104.2 3, 543.3
Corporate, total .. 318. E 220.9 312.8 1,833.9 3,417.0 I, 203. 7 1, 287.2 1,807.8
Domestic:
Long-term bonds and notes.. 134.8 114.9 174.9 1,743.1 3,140.8 800.5 1, 229. 2 1,518.7
Short-term bonds and notes— 179.9 72.1 136,7 39.2 39.7 46.9 6.9 72.3
4 69.2 180.9 263.8 30.6 135.2
3.4 32.3 12.3 19.6 88.6 .5 2.0
Canadian . . . . ......... 30.0 79.5
1.0 1,2
Canadian Government_____ . _ 40.0 60.0 60.0 116.0 48.0 85.0 40.0 8.3
10.0 78.5 134.0
Farm-loan and government agencies.. 92.5 26,3 316.6 987.0 353.3 280.7 665.2 1,537.1
State and municipal:
Domestic. 1 87.0 37.1 136,6 365.2 382.4 190.7 129.1 188.8
U. S. Territories and possessions.
8.2 1.8 1.6 2.6 1.5
CORPORATE ISSUES, NEW CAPITAL
Total___ ... 325.4 160,7 178. S 403.6 1,215.0 1, 225.0 872.0 371.2
Railroads.......... _ . 13.1 12.0 72,7 79,. 8 267.4 231.7 16.0 85.0
Public utilities 274.4 34.2 49.4 83.6 123.7 153.3 272.8 68.3
Iron, steel, coal, copper, etc________ 3.5 3.4 .6 112.9 149.0 130.6 157.0 20.3
11.6 3.7
.9 14,4 13.2 18.5 2.7
Other industrial and manufacturing.. 10.9 106.2 23.8 76.0 236.4 330.2 142,6 108.4
Oil................ 1 8 L0 10.3 62.8 194.3 224.1 56.6
Land, buildings. etc... . 8.1 .9 .4 2.0 12.0 10.1 6.3 4.6
Rubber........... .................... 2.2
.5 9.5 3.3 37.2 .2
Shipuini:.............. .6 .5
Itiv. trusts, trading, holding, etc....... 1.2 1.1 18.8 2.0 12.9 .3 4,1 2.0
Miscellaneous . 12.0 3 11.0 29.6 326.9 148.9 12.1 33.2
_ 1 These figures do not include funds obtained by States and municipalities from any agencies of the
Federal Government.
Source: Commercial and Financial Chronicle,

3 1 0 BANKING AND FINANCE
No. 34,4.— F o r e i o n C a p i t a l I s s u e s ( G o v e r n m e n t a l a n d C o r p o r a t e )
P u b l i c l y O f f e r e d i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1 9 1 6 t o 1939
______________________________ [Amounts in thousands of dollars]
Number
of
Issues
Total
nominal
capital
Estimated
refunding
to Americans
i
1916........ 102 1,169,601 3,700
1017........ 65 720,297 37,650
1918 . 28 23,465 2,600
1919 .................... 65 771,045 .................... 379, 257
1920 .................... 104 602,938 105, 500
1921 .................... 110 692,413 .................... 69,105
1922 .................... 152 863,048 99,421
1023......... 76 497,W 77,000
1924........ 120 1,217,218 247, 994
1Q25........ 164 1,316,166 239,700
1026........ 230 1,288,459 162, 978
1927........ 265 1,577,414 246,654
Estimated
now
nominal
capital
1,155,901
682,647
20,8G5
391,787
497,438
623,308
763,627
420,597
969,224
1,076,466
1,125,481
1,336,760
YEAR
Number
of
issues
Total
nominal
capital
Estimated
refunding
to Americans
i
Estimated
new
nominal
capital
1928............. 221 1,489,302 238,410 1,250,951
1929............. 148 705,768 34, 637 671,231
1930............. 121 1,087,560 182,227 005,333
1931............. 41 285,200 60,366 228,835
1932............. 7 87,885 58,630 29,355
1933............. 8 72, 275 ao, on 12,183
1934............. 2 9,387 9,387
1935............. 11 73, 088 9, m 64,030
1036............. 15 142, 272 147,668 -5,986
1937............. 9 163,051 150,2Q0 12,851
1938............. 7 63,073 27,626 35, 443
1939............. 12 83, 391 47,600 85, 791
*■£■!?.previous repatriations and purchases by investors of other countries these figures include,
redemption1"recei1^ ^ears> substantial amounts of bonds not held in the United States at the time of their
t & a ^ °' EOteiEn aCti ot
No. 3 4 8 .— I n d u s t r i a l a n d C o m m e r c ia l F a i l u r e s - - N u m b e r a n d L ia b il it ie s :
1857 t o 1939
f xcInde $ al ( stato and financial companies. These revisions bring
rtn ? a vf r{jcord ipore in accordance with the type of concerns covered by “Total number of concerns
in business, in which no changes were made
. YEAH OR
YEARLY
AVERAGE
1857-1860.
3861-1865..
1860-1870.,
1871-1875.
1874-
1875.
1876..
1877- .
1878-
1879..
2880.
1881.
1882.
1883.
1884..
1885-.
1880..
1887-
1888-
1889..
1890..
1891..
1892..
1893-
1894..
1895-
1S90-
1897-
1898-
1800-
1 9 0 0 -
1901-
1902..
1903-
1004-
1 0 0 5 -
Total
number of
concerns in
business
702,157
746,823
781,689
822,250
863,993
904,759
919,990
969,841
994,281
1,040,002
1,051,140
1,110, 590
1,142,951
1,172,705
1,393,113
1,114,174
1,209,28 2
1,151,570
1,658,521
1,105,830
1,147,595
3,174,300
3,219,242
1.253.172
1,281,481
1.320.172
1,357,455
4,185
2,038
2,648
6,147
5,830
7,740
9,092
8,872
10,478
0,658
4,735
5,582
6,738
9,184
10,90S
10,037
9,834
9,634
10,679
10,882
10,907
12, 273
10, 344
15, 242
13,885
13,197
15, 088
13,351
12,18«
9,337
10, 774
11, 002
11,615
12,009
12,199
11, 620
Current
liabilities
( 1,000
dollars)
132,925
52,873
75,488
158,221
155, 239
201,060
191,118
190, f>70
234,383
98,140
G5,762
81,156
101,548
172,874
226,343
134, 220
114.044
167,561
123,832
148,784
189,857
189,869
114.044
346,780
172,993
173,106
220,101
154,333
130,003
90,881
138,490
113,091
117,477
155,444
144,202
102,076
Number
of
failures
Average
liability
$31,762
25, 944
28,508
30.738
20,628
25,977
21, 020
21,491
22,369
14,742
13,886
14,539
15,071
18,823
20,637
12,628
11,658
17,393
11,596
13,672
17,407
15,470
11,025
22,752
12,459
13,124
14,985
11.56Q
10, 722
9,733
12,855
10,279
1Q> U4
12,880
11,820
8,913
1906.
1007-
1908-
1909-
1910-
1011..
1912..
1013..
1014..
1015..
1916..
1017..
1918-
1919..
1920..
1921..
1922..
1923..
1924-.
J 925..
1926--.
1027—
1928__
1920__
1930...
1931 .
1932 .
fflSSi..............
19331............
1934..............
1935—
1936...
1937—
1938—
1939—
1939 U.
Total
number of
concerns in
business
1,392,949
1,418,075
1,447,554
1,486,389
1,515,143
1,525,024
1,564,279
1,616,517
1,655,496
1,074,788
1,707,630
1,733,225
1,708,061
1,710,000
1,821,400
1,927,304
1,983,106
1,996,004
2,047,302
2,113,312
2,158,457
2,171, 088
2,199,049
2,212, 779
2.183.008
2,125,288
2,076, 580
1,000, 701
1,960, 701
1,973,900
1,982,905
2,009,935
2,056,598
2,101,933
2.116.008
2,116,008
10, 682
11, 725
15, 690
12,924
12, 052
13,441
15,452
10,037
18,280
22,156
16,903
13,855
9,982
6,451
8,881.
10,652
23,676
18,718
20, 015
21,214
21,773
23,146
23,842
22,909
26, 355
28, 285
31,822
SO, S07
19,85 0
12,091
12,244
0,607
9,400
12,836
II, 408
14,768
Current
liabilities
( 1,000
dollars)
119,202
107,380
222.310
154,340
201,757
191,062
203,118
272, 073
357,009
302,286
196,212
182,441
163,020
113,201
295,121
627,401
623,895
539,387
543,226
443,744
409,233
520,105
489,559
483.252
668,282
736.310
928, 313
BOS, 830
457.520
333,959
310,580
203,173
183.253
246,505
168,204
182.520
Number
of
failures
Averago
liability
$11,159
13,835
14,169
11,942
15,947
14,215
13,146
17.003
19,679
13,644
11,547
13,168
16,331
17,502
33,231
31,926
26.351
28,816
26.351
20,m
18,795
22,471
20,533
21.004
25,357
26,032
29,172
s i ret
23,038
27,620
25,366
21,148
19,310
19,204
14,744
12,359
with figures for earlfer
1Q3S m italics are on the old basis and are comparable
i New scries indiidp7vn^nn^nrvr ,ufUre+/0T those for subsequent years are tbo revised series.
business
uusmess witn
with
insumciont
insnfilciertf^^^
assets to cover all claims, m addition
to creditors
to failures
&ud
Included
small concerns
In former
forced
series.
out of
Source: Dun and Bradstreet, Inc. Monthly data published currently in Dun's Review.

INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL FAILURES 311
No. 8A6.— I n d u s t r i a l a n d C o m m e r c ia l F a i l u r e s — N u m b e r a n d L i a b i l i t i e s ,
b y M o n t h s : 1936 t o 1940
N ote.—la b ilitie s in. th o u san d s of dollars. C u rre n t liabilities include all accounts a n d notes payable
a n d all obligations, w h e th er in secured form or not, know n to b e hold b y banks, officers, affiliated companies,
supplying com panies, or th e G overnm ent. D eferred liabilities (th e difference betw een current,
ns defined above, a n d th e to tal) aro therefore long-term obligations held b y th e public
TEAR Jan. Peb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Number:
1936 .................. 1,126 019 980 865
1937 .................... -.................. 841 766 801 818
1938 ........................................ 1,377 1,149 .................... 1,107 1,172
874
875
818
703
1,123 1,073
1939 ........................................ 1,263 963 .................... 1,057 1,064 .................... 1,028 847
1939 (new series)1.......... 1, 567 1,202 1,322 1,331 1,334 1,119
1, 237 1,042 1,197 1, 201 1,238 1,114
Current liabilities:
I936.._...........................
1937-..............................
1938...........................—
1930................................
1039 (new series)i..........
Total liabilities:
1936 ........-........
1937 ..................
1938 ..................
1930................................
1939 (new series)1..........
609
001
1,038
885
1,153
077
736
1,015
859
1,120
600
584
800
758
1,043
642
815
097
916
1,234
713
842
984
886
1,184
709
1,009
876
882
1.153
21,413 22,494 20,04,6 20,757 20,505 21,395 14,318 10,034 12,006 9,051 10,003 13,291
12,003 14,004 22,591 12,803 13,088 12,829 12,780 14.950 9,818 14,079 16,400 27,818
21,415 21,028 40,325 21,147 19,139 15,018 14,761 16,382 14,341 13,219 12,302 36,528
19,122 12,788 17,851 17,435 14,664 11,460 14,128 11,250 9,402 16,140 11,877 12,078
20,790 13,682 19.002 18,570 15,897 12,581 14,999 12,637 10,545 17,464 13,201 13,243
15,279 13,472 11,681 16,247 13,068 13,734
24,522 28,413 23,273 24,472 25,963 24,790 35,011 10,584 15,074 12,374 19,022 14,452
14,992 22,887 78,878 13,626 14,965 16.737 13,055 19,473 11,308 15,381 17,709 30,003
27,162 25.501 80,373 29,355 19,831 16,892 15,008 17,252 15,183 16,960 17,281 64,730
23,192 12,795 18,104 20.693 19,501 11,616 22,763 11,714 10,586 16,795 13,550 13,700
24,860 13,580 19,316 21,837 20,734 12.737 23,634 13,092 11,729 18,119 14,874 14,034
16,805 13,000 12,130 17,114 13,437 25,101
1Includes v o lu n ta ry discontinuances w ith loss to creditors and sm all concerns forecd o u t of business w ith
insufficient assets to cover all claim s, in a d d itio n to failures included in form er series.
No. 347.— I n d u s t r i a l a n d C o m m e r c ia l F a i l u r e s — N u m b e r a n d L i a b i l i t i e s ,
b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s a n d S iz e op L i a b i l i t i e s : 1938 a n d 1939
[L iabilities in thousands of dollars. See headnote, table 340]
1938 1939
INDUSTRIAL GROUP AND SIZE OP
LIABILITIES
Number
Percent
C urrent
liabilities
Total
liabilities
Number
Percent
C urrent
liabilities
Total
liabilities
Total______________________________ 12,830 100.0 246,505 335,534 11,408 100.0 188,204 195,138
Under $5,000................... .................. 5,131 40.0 12,049 12,949 4,675 41.0 12,088 12,088
$5,000 to $25,000............................... 6,026 46.9 04,023 64,023 6.388 47.2 55,164 55.164
$25,000 to $100,000------ -------------- 1,396 10.9 63,148 63,148 1,118 9.8 51,295 51,205
$100,000 to $1,000,000— -------------- 263 2.0 54,356 63,021 213 1.9 39.355 45,002
$1,000,000 and over........................... 20 .2 52,030 132,393 14 .1 10,302 30,089
Manufacturing_______ _____________ 2,428 100.0 08,251 158,011 2,187 100.0 60,895 79,024
Under $5,000....................—.............. 534 22.0 1,395 1,395 494 22.8 1,341 1,341
$5,000 to $25,000................................. 1,237 50.9 14,424 14,424 1,134 52.3 12,108 12,198
$25,000 to $100,000............................. 488 20.1 23, 555 23, 555 305 18.2 19,092 19,092
$100,000 to $1.000,000....................... 167 0.5 36,071 42, 242 134 6.2 26,012 29,735
$1,000,000 and over........................... 12 .5 22,806 76,305 10 .5 8.252 17,258
Wholesale trade_____ -........................... 1,289 100.0 49,732 60,397 1,256 100.0 22,352 31,002
Under $5,000.......... ........................... 302 23.4 806 806 328 26.1 912 012
$5,000 to $25,000................................. 709 55.0 8,323 8,323 702 55.9 7,022 7,022
$26,000 to $100,000...-............... — 237 18.4 10,762 10,752 196 15.6 8,580 8,680
$100,000 to $1,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 ....................... 39 3.0 a, 45i 6,982 28 2.2 4,547 5,286
$1,000,000 and over........................... 2 .2 23,400 39,534 2 .2 601 8,602
Retail trade----------------- ----------------- 7,906 100.0 76, 528 77,919 6,926 100.0 69,714 60,051
Under $5,000..-............................... 3,856 48.7 9,035 9, G35 8,451 49.8 8,305 8,805
$5,000 to $25,000.......................... 3,505 44,2 34,077 34,677 3,062 44.2 20,973 29,973
$25,000 to $100,000............................... 518 6.6 21.572 21,572 385 5.6 10,143 16,143
$100,000 to $1,000,000........................ 44 .6 7,707 8,801 27 .4 4,793 5,130
$1,000,000 and o v e r ..- .................... 2 0) 2,937 3,234
C onstruction................................................. 625 100,0 10,031 10,081 582 100.0 10,800 10,806
Under $5,000...................................... 234 37.4 023 623 220 87.8 569 '569
$5,000 to $26,000................................. 290 47.4 3.442 3,442 265 45.6 2,901 2,901
$25,000 to $100,000........................... 80 13.8 4,313 4,313 84 14,4 4,690 4,690
$100,000 to $1,000,000........................ 9 1.4 1,703 1,703 13 2.2 i 2,646 2,610
C om m ercial service........ ........................... 609 lo o .o 11,913 23,126 478 100.0 8,487 13,656
Under $5,000...................................... 205 36,0 490 490 182 38.1 461 461
$5,000 to $25,000................................. 279 49. Q 3,157 3,167 225 47.1 2,470 2,470
$25,000 to $100,000............................. 67 11.8 2,966 2,956 58 12.1 2,700 2,790
$100,000 to $1,000,000.......................
$1,000,000 and over...........................
i L ess th an one-tenth of 1 percont.
14 2.5 2,423 3,203 u 2.3 1,357 2,805
4 .7 2,887 13,230 2 .4 1,356 5,129
Source of tables 340 and 347: D u n and B radstreet, Inc., N ew Y ork C ity.
c u rre n tly in D u n ’s R eview .
M o n th ly d a ta published

3 1 2 BANKING AND FINANCE
No. 348.— I n d u s t r i a l a n d C o m m e r c ia l F a i l u r e s — N u m b e r a n d L i a b i l i t i e s ,
b y I n d u s t r i a l G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s : 1938 a n d 1639
i n d u s t r ia l q r o u p
CURRENT LIABILITIES
(THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
AVERA G E LIABILITY
(DOLLARS)
1038 1039 1939 i 1938 1939 1939 1 1938 1939 1930 1
Grtm d to ta l-
Manufacturing___ _
Foods...................
Textiles.................
Forest products...
Paper, printing,
lishing......... ......
pub-
Fuels................................
Leather and leather products___
____________
Stone, clay, and glass
products........................
Iron and steel.................
M achinery.....................
T ransportation equipment.............................
.
Miscellaneous................. .
Wholesale trade__
Farm products, food,
groceries.........._ .....
Clothing and iurnishings
Dry goods and textiles...
Lumber, building materials,
hardware............ .
Chemicals and drugs.......
Fuels.................................
Automotive products___
Supply houses..................
All other........................
Retail trade_____________
Foods..............................
Farm supplies, general
stores.............. ............
General merchandise.......
Apparel.............................
Furniture and house
furnishings.-.............
Lumber, building materials,
hardware..............
Automotive products___
Restaurants.................... .
Drugs................................
All other.................. ........
Construction,.............
General contractors.___
Carpenters and builders..!
Building subcontractors.
Other contractors........... .
Commercial service______
Cleaners, dyers, and
tailors............................
Haulers, busses, taxis,
etc........................... ......
Hotels..............................
Laundries.........................
Undertakers.....................
All other,-......................
12, 83Q 11,408 14,768 246,605 168,204 182, 520 19,204 14, 744 12,359
% m 2,167 2,919 98,251 66,895 71,152 40,468 30, 870 24,375
445 525 030 15,316 19,438 19,933 34,418 37,025 31,341
597 444 668 16,818 10,125 11,615 28,171 22,804 17,388
210 188 235 6,417 5,291 5,463 30, 557 28,144 23,247
186 166 252 6,675 3,621 4,170 35,887 21,813 16, 548
98 80 106 2,126 1,067 1,200 21, 694 13, 338 11,429
48 58 60 19,504 5,383 5,390 400,333 92, 810 89,833
80 89 125 2, Q16 3,774 4,021 28,200 42, 404 32,168
82 70 81 3,783 1,943 1,999 46,134 27, 767 24, 679
142 113 137 8,616 3,786 3,914 60, 676 33, 504 28,569
156 130 159 6,084 5,918 6,204 39, 000 45, 523 39,019
57 31 30 3,403 1,233 1,273 59, 702 39, 774 32,641
827 273 422 7,493 5,316 5,970 22,914 19,473 14,147
1,889 1,256 1,534 .49, 732 22, 350 23,942 38, 682 17,796 15,608
467 478 570 8,420 8,961 9,280 IS, 030 18,747 16,281
105 80 95 1,789 962 1,039 17, 038 11,900 10,937
52 38 06 1,258 714 981 24,192 18,789 14,864
100 100 131 4,451 2,685 2,837 44,510 24,387 21,656
46 53 67 22, 502 704 883 489,174 14,981 13,179
31 27 29 1,654 643 656 53,355 23,815 22,621
96 74 82 1,744 032 969 18,107 12, 595 11,817
108 91 114 1,578 1,144 1,237 14,611 12. 571 10,851
2S4 309 380 6,336 5,627 6,060 22, 310 18, 210 15,947
7, 926 6,825 9,050 76, 528 59,714 87,378 9,657 B, 623 7,445
2,066 1,909 2,555 11,387 11,012 12,748 5,512 5,768 4,089
287 266 294 2,474 2,029 2,100 8, 620 7, 628 7,143
401 360 394 4,333 3,760 3,948 10,805 10,417 10,020
1,807 1,508 1,890 16,866 11,958 13,585 9,334 7, 930 7,188
010 480 551 10,043 4,708 5,014 16,404 9,808 9,100
406 381 430 4,655 5,033 5,260 11,460 13, 210 12,233
659 477 623 10,485 5,824 0,085 15,910 12, 210 9,767
699 663 1,229 7,693 6,937 9,324 11, 006 10,463 7,587
400 440 539 3,812 3,934 4,349 8, 287 8, 941 8,069
551) 441 545 4,780 4, 529 4,965 9,019 10,270 9,110
886 682 646 10,081 10,806 11,031 16,130 18, 567 17,076
78 76 85 1,376 2,627 2,671 17,641 34,566 31,424
180 150 101 4,274 3, 550 3,613 23,744 23, 667 22.441
345 336 379 3,518 3,856 3,973 10,197 11,476 10,483
22 20 21 913 773 774 41,500 38, 650 36,857
669 478 619 11,913 8,437 9, on 20,937 17, 651 14, 567
128 100 127 1,309 1,180 1,247 10,227 11,800 9,819
148 119 144 3,200 2,131 2,302 21, 622 17.908 15,986
46 39 43 3,856 2,099 2,119 83,826 53,821 49,279
52 48 64 1,622 1,163 1,261 31,192 24, 229 19,703
51 30 33 473 213 216 9,275 7,100 6, 545
144 142 208 1,453 1,651 1,872 10,090 H, 627 9,000
1 se^£s includes voluntary discontinuances with loss to creditors and small concerns forced out of
business with insufficient assets to cover all claims, in addition to failures included in former series.
Review6*
an^ Bradstreet, Inc., New York City. Monthly data published currently in Dun's

IN D U S T R IA L AND CO M M ERCIA L FA ILU R ES' 313
N o . 3 4 9 .— I n d u s t r ia l a n d C o m m e r c ia l F a il u r e s — N u m b e r a n d L ia b il it ie s ,
b y S t a t e s : 1938 a n d 1939
DIVISION AND STATE
N U M BER OF CONCERNS
IN BUSINESS
Number
FAILURES
Percent
CURRENT
LIABILITIES
(THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
1938 1930 1938 1932 1938 1939 1938 1239
United States_____ 2 ,1 0 1 ,9 3 3 2 ,1 1 6 ,0 0 8 12,836 11,4 0 8 0 .6 1 0 .5 4 246,606 168,204
New England................... 155, 856 155,421 1,291 1,018 .8 3 .6 6 42,969 16,583
Maine............................ 14,8 9 7 15,0 4 8 116 93 .7 7 .6 2 2,562 1,101
New Hampshire........... 9 ,0 7 7 10,0 7 7 67 50 ,0 9 .5 0 813 770
Vermont..... .................. 6,805 6 ,9 5 7 29 21 .4 3 .3 0 375 270
Massachusetts............... 8 1 ,2 0 0 7 9 ,2 0 4 552 498 .5 8 .6 3 11,429 10,711
Rhode Island............ - 12,2 3 4 1 2 ,5 0 9 137 92 1 .1 2 .7 4 1,145 757
Connecticut................... 30,9 4 4 8 1 ,6 2 0 391 264 1 ,2 5 .8 3 26,645 2,9 7 4
Middle Atlantic___ _____ 604,236 502,7 5 4 4,820 4 ,1 3 2 .0 2 .8 2 101,147 04,007
Now York..................... 2 5 3 ,0 0 7 253,6 2 3 2 ,9 3 8 2 ,7 8 3 1 .1 6 1 . 1 0 , 53,107 40,3 0 2
New Jersey.................... 8 5 ,5 0 0 8 2 ,6 2 9 700 556 .8 2 .6 8 12,561 8,111
Pennsylvania............... 165,7 1 9 166,6 0 2 982 790 .5 9 .4 7 35,479 15,5 9 4
East North Central............ 447,163 465,2 2 2 2, 616 2 ,2 5 9 .5 6 .5 0 44,736 35,3 6 2
Ohio............................... 114,131 113,527 632 490 .5 5 .4 3 9 ,8 0 7 7 ,4 1 0
Indiana.......................... 58.3 9 2 68,4 7 6 178 168 .3 0 .2 9 2,2 3 2 3 ,2 5 5
Illinois........................... 141,821 146,731 922 911 .6 5 .6 2 18,5 4 5 14,0 9 3
M ichigan..................... 7 2 ,4 5 8 7 4 ,3 2 1 474 386 .0 5 .5 2 9 ,4 9 5 6 ,4 0 2
Wisconsin...................... 60.3 6 1 6 2 ,1 6 7 310 305 .6 1 .4 9 4 ,6 5 7 4 ,1 9 6
West North Central........... 250,8 6 5 261, 703 699 647 .2 8 .2 6 9 ,4 8 2 7 ,6 5 8
Minnesota..................... 4 9 .1 5 2 5 0 .2 8 6 128 132 .2 6 .2 6 2,3 6 0 1,3 3 4
Iowa.............................. 4 8 ,2 5 2 4 7 ,8 3 3 114 85 .2 4 .1 8 965 871
Missouri........................ 6 6 ,7 6 2 6 6 ,2 6 4 257 203 .3 8 .3 1 3 ,7 3 7 3 ,8 5 2
North Dakota............... 1 0 ,6 9 4 1 0 ,7 5 5 9 19 .0 8 .1 8 112 185
South Dakota— ........... 12,121 1 2 ,0 5 7 18 24 .1 5 .2 0 209 138
Nebraska....................... 2 7 ,4 4 5 2 7 ,0 0 8 95 114 .3 5 .4 2 1 ,1 7 2 631
Kansas........................... 3 6 ,4 3 9 3 7 ,5 0 0 78 70 .2 1 .1 9 027 547
South Atlantio..........— 203,202 2 0 6 ,0S9 1,035 936 .6 1 .4 6 12,664 12,095
Delaware....................... 4 ,6 9 2 4 ,8 5 0 8 8 .1 7 .1 6 72 53
Maryland...................... 29,4 9 8 2 9 ,1 8 5 145 147 .4 9 .5 0 1,958 1,5 9 3
Dist. of Columbia..- — 9 ,2 0 8 9 ,7 1 7 64 46 .7 0 .4 7 814 719
Virginia......................... 30,6 6 4 3 1 ,2 7 3 205 172 .6 7 ,5 5 ■2,605 1 ,5 0 0
West Virginia.............. 21,5 8 6 21.351 116 81 .5 4 .3 8 766 2,1 4 5
North Carolina............. 33,0 6 5 3 3 ,8 5 2 140 111 .4 2 .3 3 2,123 1,400
South Carolina.............. 15,181 15,4 4 8 40 49 .3 2 .3 2 764 300
Georgia.......................... 29,4 2 8 29,6 9 3 170 166 .5 8 .5 6 1,438 2,2 6 8
Florida......................... 2 9 ,8 8 0 3 0 ,6 7 0 138 155 .4 6 .5 1 2,124 2,1 1 7
103. 539 106,176 503 361 .4 9 .3 4 7,290 4,4 8 7
Kentucky...................... 32,9 0 9 3 3 ,6 7 7 130 85 .4 0 .2 5 3,410 1 ,3 6 6
Tennessee...................... 29,5 0 0 3 0 ,0 9 0 155 114 .5 2 .3 8 1,573 844
22,2 0 0 2 2 ,2 7 0 120 84 .5 4 .3 8 1,443 1 ,4 6 2
Mississippi.................... 18.000 19,1 3 9 98 78 .5 2 .4 1 864 815
West South Central_____ 182,002 181,441 636 590 .2 9 .3 3 5,792 7,2 0 6
Arkansas........................ 21,9 7 4 2 1 ,6 8 4 D7 86 .4 4 .3 9 909 689
Louisiana....................... 2 6 .1 2 4 2 6 ,7 2 6 61 44 .2 3 .1 6 820 979
Oklahoma...................... 3 4 .0 7 7 3 4 ,8 1 6 153 172 .4 5 .4 9 1 ,6 6 2 1 ,9 5 2
Texas................^........... 9 9 .8 2 7 9 8 .2 1 5 225 289 .2 3 .2 9 2,441 3 ,6 8 6
64.2 6 6 6 6 ,7 0 2 333 290 .5 2 .4 3 4,806 9 ,8 5 5
9 .2 9 9 9 ,5 8 9 20 15 .2 2 .1 6 166 163
Idaho............................. 7 ,8 3 8 8 ,0 4 3 50 36 .6 4 .4 5 340 217
Wyoming....................... 4 ,3 4 9
19,0 3 7
4,5 2 1
2 0 ,8 3 4
16
104
1
130
.3 7
.5 2
.0 2
.6 2
69
1,514
2
1 ,5 9 0
New Mexico.................. 7,2 0 3 7 ,4 0 6 21 27 .2 9 .3 6 m 490
5 ,8 5 5 6 ,1 7 4 18 22 .31 .3 6 209 604
Utah.................. ............ 7 ,7 4 6 7,9 6 5 94 42 1 .2 1 .6 3 1,355 639
2,041 2 ,1 7 0 .10 17 .4 9 .7 8 627 344
190,776 191, 660 1,303 1,176 .6 8 .0 1 17, 820 17,051
35,113 3 5 ,6 6 3 232 208 .6 6 .6 8 2,601 3 ,4 0 7
21.9 5 6 22,8 6 3 194 164 .8 8 .7 2 1,811 1 ,5 9 4
California___ _______ 133,7 0 7 133,024 877 804 .6 6 .6 0 13,408 11,960
Source: Dun and Bradatreet, Inc.. New York City. Monthly data published currently in Dun’s
Statistical Review. .
287706°— £1—■— 22

13. INCOME, EXPENDITURES, AND DEBT
[Data in this section relate to continental United States]
No. 3 S 0 .— N ational Income and Income Paid Otjt: 1929 to 1939
N o t e .—National income produced is not value of commodities produced and services rendered (gross
value less expenditures for materials and interindustry services—such as transportation and communication—used
in productive processes, for taxes, and for depreciation of capital equipment). Income paid
out is amount actually distributed to individuals as salaries, wages, interest, dividends, entrepreneurial
withdrawals, and net ronts and royalties. Imputed income from ownership of durable goods (including
owned homos), imputed value of services of members of family, earnings from odd jobs, direct relief and
charity, earnings from illegal pursuits, and olianges in value of assets not derived by groups professionally
engaged in handling of assets are not included either in income produced or in income paid out. Business
. savings (positive or negative) represent difference between income produced and income paid out
AMOUNT
(millions of dollars)
1929 1930 1031 1933 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
National Income............... 82,885 68,801 54,310 40,074 42,430 50,347 55,870 05,165 71,172 63,610 69,878
Business savings........... 2,274 -5,310 -8 , 506 -9,215 -3,085 -1,441 -2 0 1,014 910 -1,397 778
Corporate savings___ 1,250 -3,910 -S , 893 -6,374 -2,818 -2,172 -1,264 -873 -800 -2,140 -277
Business savings of
entrepreneurs.......... 1,024 -1,400 -2 , 013 -2,841 -207 731 1.238 1,887 1,710 743 1,055
Income paid out............ 80,611 74,211 82.816 49,289 45,516 31,788 65,896 04,161 70,262 66,007 68,600
PERCENTAGES OF 1020
National income............... 100.0 83.1 65.6 48.8 51.2 60.7 67.4 78.6 86.9 76.7 83.7
Income paid out............... 100.0 92.1 77.9 61.1 56.5 64.2 69.3 79.fi 87.2 80.5 85.1
Cost of living index1....... m o 97.5 89.1 80.2 76.2 79.1 81.1 82.1 84.7 83.4 82.6
Wholesale price index1- - 100.0 90.7 76.6 68.0 69.2 78.6 83.0 84.8 90.6 82.5 80.9
1Bureau of Labor Statistics.
No. 351.—I ncome Paid Ou t, by T ypes oe P ayment: 1929 to 1939
i
\
AMOUNT (MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1930 1937 1938 1939
Income paid out, total____ 80,611 74,211 62,816 49,289 45,615 51,788 56,866 64,151 70,262 65,007 68,600
Compensation of employees,
to tal..-............ ..................... 62,776 47,919 40.362 31,516 20,592 34,247 37,239 42,703 47,542 44,301 40,768
Salaries (selected industries) 1- 6,153 5,059 4,928 3,688 3,260 3,760 4,032 4,370 4,881 4,536 4,052
Wagos (seloctod industries) 14,916 12,332 9,371 6,482 6,786 8,515 9,666 11,166 13,068 10,232 11,630
Salaries and wages (all other
industries)............................ 31,276 20,178 25,558 20,883 18,485 20,110 21,699 23,962 20,200 25,655 26,794
Work-roliof wagesa..................
69 132 646 1,430 1,339 2,383 1,783 2,146 1,869
Social Security contributions
3 7 290 950 1,119 1,196
Other labor income................ 432 450 449 431 415 429 466 523 600 614 627
Dividends and intorest, total__ 11,851 11,715 10,270 8,393 7,351 7,937 8,055 9,721 9,704 8,258 8,960
Dividends................................. 5,945 5,634 4,280 2,727 2,193 2,725 2,931 4,651 4,752 3,370 4,124
Interest..................................... 5,909 6,081 6, 090 5,060 5,158 5,212 5,124 5,070 5,042 4,888 4,882
Entrepreneurial withdrawals.. . 12,620 11, 903 10,148 8,156 7,304 8,149 8,011 9,818 10,813 20,473 10,826
Net rents and royalties............... 3,364 2, 674 2,030 1,224 1,208 1,455 1,691 1,000 2,113 1,975 2,060
1Includes mining, manufacturing, steam railroads, Pullman, railway express, and water transportation.
* Includes pay roll and maintenance of Civilian Conservation Corps enrollces and pay rolls of Civil
Works Administration, Federal Emergency Relief Administration, and the Federal Works Program projects
plus administrative payrolls outside Washington, D. C., for all oxcopt the Foderal Works Program.
Area office employees and their pay rolls under the Federal Works Program are included with the regular
Federal Government employment and pay roll figures.
Source of tables 350 and 351: Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce.
Annual and current figures are published in “Survey of Current Business” and reprints.
314

NATIONAL INCOME 315
No. 3 5 2 .—N ational I ncome, by Industrial D ivisions: 1929 to 1939
National income________
Agriculture..................................
Mining.........................................
Electric light and power and gas.
Manufacturing............................
Contraot construction...............
Transportation..................-........
Communication.........................
Trade...........................................
Finance.........................................
Government, including workprogram
wages......................
Government, excluding workprogram
wages......................
Work-program w ages............
Service..........................................
Miscellaneous..............................
Social seourity contribution of
[In millions of dollars]
1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 • 1935 1930 1937 1938 1939
82, 983 88,901 54,310 40,074 42,430 80,347 65,870 65,185 71,172 83, 910 09, 378
7,268
1,883
1,425
1,324
20,808 14,987
3,070 2,759
7,108 0,155
1,047 1,011
11,314 9,245
8,915 7,830
0,330
9,616
4,012
6,022
1,327
0,438
8,725
8,472
3, 729
748
1,240
10.194
1,862
4,946
907
7,415
6,441
6,459
59
7,343
2,967
2,551
524
1, 090
0,009
900
3,022
722
5,290
4,895
0,355
132
6,670
2,393
3,419
590
1, 026
1,127 1,152 1,233 1,380 1,365
8,162 10,610 12,402 14,978 16,994 12,350
581 735 964 1,570 1,902 1,749
3,587 3,817 4,133 4,795 6,088 4,261
640 679 723 770 839 808
6,031 6,971 7,608 8,610 9,131 8,593
4,318 4,630 5,131 6,749 6,189 5,837
5,917
•646
5, 321
2,192
4,663
001
6,202
1,430
6,181
2,518
3
5,276
1,028
6,584
1,339
6.828
2,695
7
5,970
1,299
7,003
2,333
7,643
2,897
299
6,378
1, 530
7,370
1,783
8,477
3,161
5,432
1,072
7, 701
2,145
8,067
3,102
5,035
1, 232
1,384
15, 425
2,148
4,800
863
9,136
5,983
0,330 0,438 6,518 0,487 6, 663 7,632 7,923 9,446 9,153 9,846 9,884
8,015
1,809
8,374
3,319
950 1,119 1,190
i Data on dividends, interest, and corporate savings by industrial divisions for 1934 and for subsequent
yoars are based on a different industrial classification than are the estimates of these items for earlier years
because of a chango in the Revenue Aot of 1934. Spooial tabulations of the Bureau of Internal Rovenus
permitted the malcing of estimates for 1034 on the oarlior basis. For spociflc items in certain industries the
variations are substantial, but for total incomo the changes wore small. The 2 estimates wore averaged in
compiling this table.
N o. 8 5 3 .— N umber of E mployees and the P er Capita Income of
E mployees: 1 1929 to 1939
•
1939 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
(thousands)
All employees__________ 35,563 33,122 29, 715 26,222 26,133 28,402 29,726 31,858 33, 768 31,239 32,419
Salaried employees (selected industries)
i..... .................... ......
Wage earners (selected industries)
1_______ ________ ____
Salaried employees or wage earners
(all other industries).........
PER CAPITA INCOME OF
EMPLOYEES
AU employees__________ 91,472 31,433 31,941 21,180 31,092 21,140 31,191 31,240 21,309 31,294 31,329
Salaried employees (selected industries)
.......................
Wage earners (selected industries)
8......................................
Salaried employees or wage earners
(all other industries)., ___
2,478
10,964
2,373
9,649
2,050
1,693
1,634 1,831 1,922 2,068 2,206 2,064 2,100
8,155 6,877 7,430 8,553 9,021 9,765 10,618 8,832 9,404
22,121 21,100 19,510 17,652 17,069 18,018 18, 782 20,025 20,944 20,343 20.9J5
2,483
1,360
2,511
1,278
2,404
1,149
2,119
943
1,995
913
2,054
2,098
2,113
2,213
2,198 2,215
996 1,071 1,143 1,231 1,159 1,237
1,414 1,383 1, 310 1,183 1,083 1,116 1,156 1,197 1,254 1,261 1,281
i Averages for the calendar year. The numbers represent in some industries a full-time equivalent.
Unpaid family farm labor and work-roliof employees have not been included.
* Includes mining, manufacturing, steam railroads, Pullman, railway oxpress, and water transportation.
Source of tables 352 and 353: Department of Oommerco, Buroau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce.
Annual and current figures are published in "Survey of Curront Business” and reprints.

3 1 6 INCOME, EXPENDITURES, AND DEBT
N o. 3 5 4 .— C o n s u m e r I n c o m e s — D i s t r i b u t i o n o f F a m i l i e s a n d S i n g l e IN D I­
V IDUALS AND OF A G G R EG A TE IN C O M E R E C E IV E D , BY IN C O M E I /E V E L :*1 1935-36
N o t e ,—These figures are estimates based primarily on sample data collected in the Study of Consumer
Purchases, a Works Progress Administration project conducted by the Bureau of Home Economics and
I .
Statistics in cooperation with the National Resources Committee and the Central
Statistical Board. Findings of that study were supplemented by income tax statistics and by other
sample data on family and individual incomes
1KCOME LEVEL
A ll le v els.
Under $250........
$250-$500...........
$500-$750_____
$750-$l,000.........
$1,000-$!,250.—
$1,250-$1,500___
$1,600-$],760___
$1,760-52,000....
$2,000-$2,250— -
$2,250-52,500....
$2,600-53,000....
$a,Q00-$3,500 -—
$3,600-51,000....
$l,000-$4,500....
$4,500-55,000..-
$6,000-57,500....
$7,600-510,000...
516,000-520,000..........
$20,00fi-$25,000..........
$25,000-530,000...........
$30,000-540,000..........
$40,000-550,000......... .
$50,000-$100,000____
$100,000-$250,QQO___
$250,000-$500,000___
$500 ,QOO-$1,000,000 _.
$1,000,000 and over.
All levels____
Under $2EO______
$250-$600................... .
$600-$760....................
$760-$1,000................
$1,250-$1,600............
$1,600-51,760._____
$1,750-$2,0DD............
$2,000-52,250............
$2,250-52, TO........... .
$2,600-$3,000............
$3,000-53,600...........
$3,600-54,000............
$4,000-54,500_____
$4,600-56,000_____
$6,000-57,600............
$7,500-510,000.........
$10,000-516,000....... .
$15,000-320,000____
$20,000-526,000....... .
$25,000-530,000.......
$30,000-*40,000....... .
$40,000-560, m ....... .
$50,000-5100,000___
$100,000-5250,000.-..
$250,000-5500,000....
$600, ooo-$i,000,000.,
$1,000,000 and over.
V jailU E S AND SINGLE
INDIVIDUALS, TOTAL
Number
Percent
at lative
Cumu­
or
amount each percent
level
Number
or
amount
FAMILIES
Percent
at
each
level
Nuin 3er of units
SINGLE INDIVIDUALS
Number
or
amount
Cumulative
percent
Percent
at
each
level
Cumulative
percent
39,438,300 100.00 29,400,300 100.00 10,058, 000 100.00
2,123,534 5.38 5 .38 1,162,890 3.95 3.95 960, 644 9. 55 9.55
4, .*587. 377 11.63 17.01 3,015.394 10.26 14. 21 1,571,983 15. 63 25.18
5,771,080 14.63 31.64 3,700,215 12.92 27.13 1,972,745 19. 62 44.80
6,876,078 14,90 46.54 4, 277,048 14.56 41. 68 1,599, 030 15. 91 60.71
4,990,095 12.65 69.19 3,882,444 13.20 54.88 1,108, 551 11.02 71.73
3,743, 428 9.49 68.68 2, 865,472 9.75 04.63 877,966 8. 73 80.46
2,889,904 7 .32 76.00 2,343,358 7.97 72. 60 546, 546 5. 43 85.89
2,290, 022 5.82 81.82 1,897,037 6.45 79.05 398,085 3.97 89.88
1,704, 635 4.32 80.14 1,420,883 4.83 83.88 283, 652 2 .82 92.08
1,254,070 3.18 80.32 1,043,977 3.55 87.43 210,099 2.09 94.77
1,475, 474 3.74 93.06 1, 314,199 4.47 91.90 161,275 1.60 96.37
351,919 2.16 95.22 743,559 2.53 94.43 108,360 1.08 97.45
602,159 1.27 *6.49 438,428 1.49 95.92 63,731 .03 98.08
286,063 ,7 2 97.21 249,948 .85 96.77 36,105 .3 0 98.44
178,138 .45 97.00 152,647 .52 97.29 25,491 .2 6 98.09
380, 206 .96 98.02 322,950 1.10 98.39 57,310 .5 7 99.26
215, 642 .5 flj 99.17 187,060 .64 99,03 28, 582 .2 8 99.54
162, 082 .39 99.56 131,821 .45 99.48 20,861 .21 99.75
67,923 .1 7 99.73 58,487 .20 99.68 9,436 .0 9 99.84
3 9 ,825 .2 0 99.83 34,208 .12 99.80 5,817 .0 6 99.90
25, 683 .06 99.89 22,233 .08 99.88 3,350 .0 3 99.93
17,059 .0 5 69.94 15,561 .05 99.93 2,398 .0 2 99.95
8,340 .02, 99.96 8,603 .02 99.95 1,737 .0 2 99.97
13,041 .03 99.99 10,671 .04 99.99 2,470 .0 2 99.99
4,14.4 .0 1 100.00 3,336 .01 1QQ. 00 808 .0 1 m o o
916 699 (3) 217 (a)
240 m 197 (2) 43 (a)
87 h 75 p) 12 p)
Amount of aggregate income fin thousands of dollars)
59, 258, 628 100.00 ______ 47, 079,288 100.00 11,579,300 100.00
294,138 0.50 0 .50 135,836 0.28 0.28 158,302 1.37 1.37
1, 767, 363 2.98 3 .48 1,166.509 2.45 2.73 600,854 5.19 6.56
3,615,653 6.10 9 .58 2,384,017 5.00 7.73 1,231,636 10.63 17.19
5, 129, 506 8,05 18.23 3, 738,014 7.84 16.57 1,391,492 12.01 29.20
5, 589, 111 9.42 27.66 4, 348,429 9 .12 24.69 1 ,240,682 10. 71 3 9 .91
5,109,112 8.62 38. 27 3, 907,765 8.20 32.89 1,201,347 10.37 50.28
4.600,793 7.87 44.14 3, 777,570 7,92 40.81 883,223 7.63 57.91
i, 214, 203 7. 31 51.25 3 ,468,803 7.27 48.08 745,400 6 .44 64.35
3,602,801 6.08 57. 33 3,002,082 6.30 54.38 600,779 5.19 69.54
2,90S, 932 5.01 62.34 2,471,672 5.18 59.56 497,260 4.29 73.83
4, 004, 774 6.76 69.10 3,568,624 7.48 67.04 438, 150 3. 77 77.60
2, Jib, 43SJ 4.02 73.72 2,385,993 5.00 72.04 349,494 S. 02 80.62
3.14 76. 86 1,625,887 3.41 75.45 237,497 2 .05 82.67
1 ,2Q2,826 2.03 78.89 1,048,368 2.20 77.05 154,458 1.33 84.00
1. 42 80.31 719,447 1.51 79.16 122,319 1.06 85.06
2,244,400 3.79 84.10 1,900,091 3.99 83.15 344,315 2. 97 88.03
1,847,820 3.12 87.22 1,605,632 3.37 86.52 242, 188 2.09 90.12
2:96 90,17 1,496.600 3.14 89.66 250, 325 2.16 92.28
1, 174, 574 1.98 92.15 1,013,664 2.13 91.79 100,910 1.39 93.67
880,114 1. 50 93.66 762,240 1.60 93.39 126, 874 1.10 94.77
720, 208 1.22 94.87 627, 567 1.32 04.71 92,701 .8 0 95.57
641, 272 1.08 95. 96 560,390 1.18 95.89 SO, 882 .70 96.27
390,311 .6 6 90.61 314,689 .66 96.55 75,622 .6 5 96.92
908,485 1. 53 88,14 755,017 1.58 98.13 153,468 1.33 98.25
539,

CONSUMER EXPENDITURES’ 317
No. 3 5 5 .— Consumer E xpenditures— Aggregate and Average Outlay
op F amilies and Single I ndividuals for Consumption, Gifts and Personal
T axes, and Savings, by Income Level: 1935-36
Note.—These figures are estimates based primarily on sample data collected in the Study of Consumer
Purchases (see hcadnote, table 364), supplemented by data from various other sources. The estimates
apply to the 12-month period from July 1935 through June 1936, and cover all families and single individuals
in the United States. A family is defined as 2 or more persons sharing a common income and living
under a common roof. Single individuals include persons lodging in rooming houses and hotels, living
as lodgers or servants in private homes, or maintaining independent living quarters as 1-person families
INCOME LEVEL
FAMILIES AND
SINGLE INDIVID­
UALS 1
Number
Percentage for-
Percent
Aggregate
Amount
(millions
o f dollars)
Percent
Average
per consumer
unit
INCOME »
Gifts and
personal
taxes!
Current
consumption3
Savings
3
All levels................ 39,468,300 100.0 69,269 190.0 $1,602 84.7 6.2 10.1
Under $500........................... 6,710,911 17.0 2,061 3.6 307 136.8 2.0 -38.8
$500-5750................................ 6,771,960 14.6 3, file 6.1 626 107.6 3.0 -10.5
5760-$1,000— -..................... 5,870, 078 14.0 6,130 8.6 873 101.6 3.4 -4 .0
$l,000-$l,250......................... 4,900,996 12.7 5, 689 9.4 1,120 08.1 3.6 -1 .7
$1,250-$! ,500........................ 3,743,428 9.6 6,109 8.0 1,365 94,1 4.0 1.9
$1,500-$!,750......................... 2,889,904 7.3 4, 601 7.9 1,613 91.8 4.0 4.2
$1,750-52,000......................... 2, 266. 022 6.8 4, 214 7.1 1,835 90.0 4.2 5.8
$2,000-52,500......................... 2,968, 611 7.5 6, 572 11.1 2,221 86.7 4.4 8.9
$2,500-53,000......................... 1,475, 474 3.7 4,005 6.8 2,714 83.6 4.4 12.0
$3,000-$4,000......................... 1, 364, 078 3.4 4,669 7.8 3,306 79.0 4.9 10.1
$4,000-$5,000......................... 464,191 1.2 2, 046 3.4 4,405 73.1 6.7 21.2
$5,000-510,000....................... 595, 908 1.6 4, 092 6.9 6,867 03.6 6.0 29.8
$10,000-515,000................... 162, 682 .4 1,747 3.0 11,442 53.0 8.1 38.9
$15,000-520,000..................... 67,923 .2 1,176 2.0 17, 293 51.7 8.1 40.2
$20,000 and over.............. 110,136 .3 4,646 7.8 42,175 35.1 14.1 50.8
INCOME LEVEL
o u t l a y f o r —
Current consumption > Gifts and personal taxes < Savings *
Aggregate
Amount
(millions
of dollars)
Percent
Average
per consumer
unit
Aggregate
Amount
(millions
of dollars)
Percent
Average
per consumer
unit
Aggregate
Amount
(millions
o( dollars)
Percent
Average
per consumer
unit
All levels____ 50, 214 1 0 0 .0 5 1 ,2 7 3 3 ,0 6 7 100.0 578 5 ,9 7 8 1 0 0 .0 SIM
Under $500..................... .. 2 ,8 1 7 5 .6 420 44 1 .4 6 - 8 0 0 l - 1 3 . 4 - 1 1 9
$500-5769............................ 3 ,8 8 8 7 .8 673 109 3 ,6 10 - 3 8 2 - 6 . 4 - 6 6
$760-51,009......................... 5 ,2 0 9 1 0 .4 886 175 5 ,7 30 - 2 5 4 - 4 . 3 - 4 3
$1,000-51,250— ............. 5 ,4 8 7 1 0 .9 1 ,0 9 9 199 6 .5 40 - 9 7 — 1 .6 - 1 9
$ 1 ,2 5 0 -5 1 ,6 0 0 -................. 4 ,8 0 7 9 .6 1 ,2 8 5 207 6 .7 55 95 1.6 25
5 1 ,6 00-51,750..................... 4 ,2 7 8 8 .5 1,4 8 0 187 6,1 65 196 3 .3 08
$ 1 ,7 50-52,000..................... 3 ,7 9 4 7.6 1, 652 175 6 .7 76 245 4 .1 107
$2,000-52,600____ _____ 5 ,6 9 5 1 1 .3 1 ,9 2 5 290 9 .4 98 587 9 .3 198
$2,500-53,000..................... 3 ,3 4 8 0 .7 2 ,2 0 9 175 ' 5 .7 119 482 8.1 326
53,000-54,000..................... 3 ,6 3 1 7 .2 2 ,6 8 1 226 7 .4 167 742 1 2 .4 548
$4,000-55,000_________ _ 1 ,4 9 4 3 .0 3 ,2 1 9 117 3 .8 252 434 7 .2 934
$5,000-510,000................... 2 ,6 0 4 5 .2 4 ,3 6 9 270 8 .8 454 1, 218 2 0 .4 2,044
$10,000-516,000................ 925 1 .8 6,060 143 4 .7 933 679 1 1 .4 4,449
$15,000-520,000— .......... 607 1.2 8 ,9 3 7 95 3 ,1 1,403 473 7 .9 6,9 5 3
$20,000 and over....... 1 ,6 3 0 3 .2 14,7 9 9 655 2 1 .4 5,9 4 4 2 ,3 6 0 3 9 .5 21,432
i Excludes residents in institutional groups.
*Includes the total net money income received during the year by all members of the economic family
and by single individuals, plus the imputed value of tbo following nonmoney items: Occupancy of owned
homes, rented farm homes, and rent-free homes; food produced by rural families for their own use: fuel
and ice obtained free by farm families.
* Includes, in addition to goods and services purchased during tbe year, the imputed value of the nonmoney
items mentioned in note 2. All purchases of durable consumer goods, except payments on homes
and improvements to homes, are considered current expenditures for the year. Automobile expenditures
cover purchase and operating costs for family and personal use only, excluding costs chargeable to business
use.
* G ifts include gifts made to persons outside the economic family, to churches and other religious organizations,
and to welfare agencies. Taxes cover only personal income taxes, poll taxes, and certain minor personal
property taxes. Taxes on automobiles and on owned homes, and sales and excise taxes are included
in consumption expenditures. Business taxes and taxes on income-producing property were deducted
in calculating net income.
4These estimates represent net changes in family and personal assets or liabilities, exclusive of gains or
losses from revaluation of assets. At the lower income levels they appear as average net deficits for the
year, the surpluses of some families in the income group being more than offset by the deficits of other
families.
Source: National Resource? Committee, report on Consumer Expenditures in the United States.

No. 3 5 6 .— C o n s u m e r E x p e n d i t u r e s — A g g r e g a t e a n d A v e r a g e E x p e n d i t u r e s o p F a m i l i e s a n d S i n g l e I n d i v i d u a l s p o r M a i n C*5
C a t e g o r i e s o p C o n s u m p t i o n , b y I n c o m e L e v e l : 1935-36
oo
N o t e .— See h e a d n o te a n d fo o tn o te s, ta b le 355
EX PEN D ITU R E BY INCOME LEVEL
CATEGORY OE CONSUMPTION
A ll
lev els
U n d e r
$500
$500-
$75Q
$750-
$1,000
$1,000-
$1,250
$1,250-
$1,500
$1,500-
$1,750
$1,750-
$2,000
$2,000-
$2,500
$2,500-
$3,000
A g g reg ate (m illio n s o f d o lla rs)
All i t e m s ______________. . . . ____ ________ 50,214 2, B17 3,888 5, 209 5,487 4, 807 4,278 3,794 5, 695 3,348 3, 631 1,494 2,604 925 807 1,630
16,S65 1, 254 1,645 2, 097 2,074 1,745 1,474 1 ,24G 1, 776 1,000 1, 020 3S6 602 182 116 248
H o u s in g ................. . . . ...................................... 9,506 634 7S1 999 1,037 887 7S6 701 1,041 600 662 271 481 192 107 327
5,285 269 382 525 571 490 435 391 578 302 402 in 316 106 72 215
5,261 212 356 495 523 479 435 388 616 375 425 187 329 125 83 233
3,781 63 118 218 316 315 327 327 549 342 375 169 299
2,205 104 140 197 216 198 193 172 260 158 177 74 148
1,643 30 72 119 146 142 137 127 204 128 151 66 128 54 34 105
1,422 37 63 121 151 140 135 131 190 112 122 45 83 31 17 44
1,032 60 85 110 115 100 90 78 120 70 71 30 51 17 25
966 46 77 112 117 107 89 79 116 62 66 25 37 12 7 14
T r a n s p o r ta tio n o th e r t h a n a u to m o b ile -- 884 59 81 99 93 83 69 60 89 45 52 21 38 20 26 49
R e a d in g ................................... .................................. 551 32 - 46 62 64 58 47 41 63 34 38 15 25 8 5
506 S 18 28 34 35 32 32 55 41 47 24 43 30 32 47
O th e r ite m s ___________ . _________________ 307 9 24 27 30 28 29 21 38 19 23 10 24 6 5 14
A v e ra g e p e r c o n s u m e r u n it (d o lla rs)
All ite m s ___________________________ 1,273 420 873 886 1,099 1,285 1,480 1, 852 1,925 2.269 2, 6B1 3,219 4, 389 8, 080 8,937 14,799
428 187 285 357 415 466 510 543 601 677 753 83X 1, 010 2,195 1, 715 2 ,2 5 2
241 94 135 170 208 237 272 306 352 406 489 584 807 1,258 1, 579 2,964
134 40 66 89 114 131 150 370 195 246 296 368 531 697 1, 065 1, 948
133 32 62 84 105 129 150 169 208 254 314 406 551 821 1,219 2, 111
96 9 20 37 63 84 113 142 186 232 277 363 502 675 932 1, 792
56 16 24 33 43 53 67 75 88 107 131 159 248 255 447 899
42 4 13 20 29 38 48 55 69 87 112 142 215 350 502 951
36 6 11 20 30 37 47 57 64 76 90 9S 139 201 245 405
26 9 15 19 23 27 31 34 41 48 53 64 85 108 145 232
24 7 13 19 24 29 31 34 39 42 49 53 63 78 100 124
T r a n s p o r ta tio n o th e r t h a n a u to m o b ile .. . 22 9 14 17 19 22 24 26 30 30 38 46 63 131 384 443
R e a d in g ...................................................................... 14 5 8 11 13 15 16 18 21 23 28 32 42 56 67 118
13 1 3 5 7 9 11 14 18 28 34 51 72 198 464 430
O th e r i t e m s . . . . . .......................................... ........ 8 1 4 5 6 8 10 9 13 13 17 22 41 37 73 130
$3,000-
$4,000
$4,000-
$5,000
$5,000-
$10,000
$10,000-
$15,000
$15,000-
$20,000
$20,000
a n d
o v e r
INCOME, EXPENDITURES, AND
Source: National Resources Committee, report on Consumer Expenditures in the United States.

COSfSUMEK EXPENDITURES' 319
N o. 3 6 7 .— C onsumer E xpenditures—Aggregate and Average D isbursem
e n t s or F amilies and Single Individuals, bt M ain Categories: 1935-39
N o t e .— S e e h c a d n o te , ta b le 356
CATEGORY OP DISBURSEMENT
DISBURSEMENTS PERCENTAGE O f— p e r c e n t a g e o f
AGGREGATE
A g g reg
a te (m illio
n s of
d o lla rs)
A verage
(dollars)
P e r
c o n ­
su m e r
u n i t i
P e r
c a p ­
i t a 1
T o ta l
c o n su m e r
in c o m e 3
T o ta l
c o n s u m p ­
tio n exp
e n d i­
tu re s
DISBURSEMENT
FOR EACH CATE­
GORY MADE BY—
F a m ­
ilies
Single
in d i­
v id u als
50.260 1.608 470 100.0 Rfl 5 19.5
C u r r e n t c o n s u m p tio n • ................................... 50, 214 1,273 39!) 84.7 100.0 81.3 18.7
F o o d ........................................................................ 10.865 428 134 28.5 33.6 8 1 3 18.7
P u r c h a s e d . .................................................... 14, 753 374 117 24.0 29.4 78.6 21.4
2.112 54 17 3 .6 4 .2 100.0
H o u s i n g ................................- ............................. 0, 500 241 76 16.0 18.9 70.7 23.3
M o n e y e x p e n s e .......................................... 7,125 181 57 12.0 14.2 69.9 30.1
I m p u t e d v a lu e ______ _______________ 2,381 60 10 4 .0 4 .7 07.0 3.0
H o u s e h o l d o p e ra tio n _________________ 5 ,2 8 5 134 42 8.0 10.0 90.1 9.9
C l o t h i n g . ......... . ................................... 5.261 133 42 8 .9 1 0 .5 78.6 21.4
A u t o m o b i l e ........................- ............................. 3,781 96 30 6.4 7 .0 88.7 11.3
M e d i c a l o a re ..................................................... 2, 205 56 18 3.7 4 .4 84.0 16.1
R e c r e a t i o n —. ................................- .............. 1, 043 42 13 2.8 3.3 74.0 26.0
F u r n i s h i n g s ............................ _........................ 1,422 30 11 2.4 2.8 07.7 2.3
P e r s o n a l c a r e ................................ ................... 1,032 26 8 1.7 2.0 80. S 19.5
T o b a c c o . . - ..................................................... m 24 8 1 6 1 9 7 8.2 21.8
'T r a n s p o r t a t i o n o th e r t h a n n u to m o -
b i l e ..........................- ................. ................... - 884 22 7 1 .5 1 .7 52.4
R e a d i n g ................................................................ 551 14 4 .9 i . i 70.4
47.0
20.6
10.7
28.3
G i f t s «......................................................................... 2,178 55 17 3.7 60.8 39.2
880 23 7 15 79.2 20.8
0,078 151 47 10.1 8 0.4 io. a
E d u c a t i o n . .........................................................
O t h e r i te m s ................................... ...................
600
307
13
8
4
2
.9
.5
1.0
.6
89.3
71.7
i Excludes residents in institutional groups,
1 Includes the total net money income received during the year by all members of the economic family and
by slnglo individuals, plus the imputed value o f the following nonmoncy items: Occupancy of owned homes,
routed farm homes, and rent-free homos; food produced by rural families for their own use; fuel and ice obtained
free by farm families.
3 Includes, in addition to goods and services purchased during the year, the imputed value of the nonmoney
i t e m s mentioned in note 2. All purchases of durable consumer goods, except payments on h o m e s
and improvements to homes, are considered current expenditures for the year. Automobile expenditures
cover purchase and operating costs for family and personal use only, excluding costs chargeable to business
use.
4 Figures cover rural families only.
* Gifts include gifts made to persons outside the economic family, t o churches and other religious organizations,
and to welfare agencies. Taxes cover only personal income taxes, poll taxes, and certain minor personal
property taxes. Taxes on automobiles and ou owned homes, and sales and excise taxes are included in
consumption expenditures. Business taxes and taxes on income-producing property were deducted in
calculating net income.
8 These estimates represent net changes in family and personal assets or liabilities, exclusive of gains or
losses from re valuation o f assets. At the lower income levels they appear as average net deficits for the year,
the surpluses of some families in the income group being more than offset by the deficits of other families.
Source; National Resources Committee, report on Consumer Expenditures in the United States-

No. 3 5 8 .—N et Debt in the U n ite d States: 1929 xo 1939
Note.—-Net indebtedness in.tlia United States consists of public and private, long-term and short-term, corporate and noncorporate debts, originated for productive, consumptive,
and otner_ purposes, after deductions have been made fox duplicating and overlapping- debts (1) incurred and recorded more than once in the performance of one purpose, and
\~) debts issued and bold by issuers or by tbeir affiliates. The debts of financing intermediaries, such as banks, insurance companies, governmental corporations and lending
agencies which assemble tbe savings of initial lenders and make loans directly or indirectly to ultimate borrowers are accordingly excluded from tbe totals. Excluded also are
those debts of private corporations issued and held by units of a “corporate system” bound t o g e t h e r b y & c o m m o n management, and the debts of Government units issued and
held by tbeir sinking, trust and investment funds. Assets of such funds other than those consisting of tbe debt instruments described are not deducted in obtaining net debt.
The aggregates are, in tbe main, composed of indebtedness outstanding at the end of tbe calendar year, and accordingly are treated as year-end totals
[In millions of dollars]
co to
^
BnbUe and. private debt, grand total..... .......
Public debt, total..............................................
Federal and Federal agencies_______„______
State and local..—______________________
P riv a te d e b t, total____________________________
Long-term debt____________________ _______
C orporate_________________________ ] „ ..........'
Individual and other noncorporate— __ —
Farm m ortgage_________________________
Urban real-estate mortgage___________
Short-term debt_______________________
Corporate___,______________________
Individual and other noncorporate_______
Commercial and for purchase of securities.
Consumer________________________
192$ 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938
172,596 173,091 1B?,010 156,058 149,230 148,871 150,883 155, 566 180, 526 159, 384
28,946 29,614 32,428 34,462 36,030 37, 503 40, 900 45,980 48,118 48, no
15,706 15,382 16,984 18,142 19,691 22,051 25,424 29,697 32, 736 32,834
1 3 , 240 14,232 15,444 13,320 16,339 15, 452 15,476 15,583 15,382 15,276
143,650 143,477 133,582 121,598 113,200 111,368 109,983 110,286 112,408 111,271
87,146 91,626 89,889 86.205 81,273 77.569 75,440 73,445 74,901 74,796
4 5 , 316 48,937 48,027 46,845 45,444 42,828 41,637 40,361 42,086 42,043
41,830 42 689 41,862 39,360 35,829 34,741 33,803 33,084 32,815 32,753
9.458 9,214 8,638 7,887 7,786 7,639 7,390 7,214 7,071
33* 231 32.648 30,722 27,942 26, 955 26,164 25, 694 25,601 25,682
51 851 43.693 35,391 31,927 33, 799 34, 523 36,841 37, 5 07 36,478
26* 119 23,229 20,365 19,199 * 21.094 21,164 21, 924 21,392 21,659
25,732 20,464 15,026 12,728 12,705 13, 359 14, 917 16,115 14,819
18. 3 3 2 14,094 20,303 3,291 7,723 7,499 7,642 7,990 7,419
7,400 6,370 4,723 4, 437 4,982 5,860 7,275 8,125 7,400
Source: [Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; Survey of Current Business, June 1940.
193$
162, no
30,804
35,221
15.583
111,906
74,342
41,335
33, 007
7,071
25,936
37,564
22,257
15.307
7,242
8,065
INCOME, EXPENDITURES, AND DEBT

N o. 35& .— G b o s s a n d N e t P u b l i c D e b t : 1929 t o 1939
N ote.—In millions at dollars. The figures show gross public debt and the deductions made in arriving at net public debt. Sea hesdnote, table 3SS
1939 1930 1931 1932 1633 1934 2935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Gross public debt.------ ------------ -- -- ------------------ — 34,928 35,682 38, 771 42, 265 46, 611 54, 038 59,708 64, 684 68,985 68, 598 69, 575
Federal and Federal agencies.................................................... . 18,168 17, 897 19.711 22, 935 27, 094 35, 215 40,734 45, 472 47,833 47,428 49,949
Federal___ -_______________________________ ___ 16,301 16,026 17,826 20,805 23,815 28,480 30,557 34,406 37,286 39,439 41,961
Federal agencies.............................................................. .......... 1,867 1,871 1,886 2,130 3,279 6,735 10,177 11,066 10,547 7,989 7,988
State and local__ -_________ __________________________ 16,760 17,985 19,060 19,330 19, 617 18,823 18, 972 19,212 19,152 19,170 19, 626
Duplicating debt:
Total public-debt duplications------------- ------------------------- 5, 982 6,268 6,343 7,803 10,581 16, 535 18,806 19, m IS, 367 18,438 18, 771
Federal and Federal agencies..__ ______________ _______ 2; 462 2,515 2,727 4,793 7,403 13,164 15,310 15,775 15,097 14,594 14,728
State and local----------------------------------------------- 3,520 3, 753 3,616 3,010 3,178 3,371 3,496 3,629 3,770 3,894 4,043
3Sfet public debt_______________ ________________________ 28,946 29,614 32,428 34,462 36,030 37,503 40,900 45,280 48,118 48,110 50,804
Federal and Federal agencies.. ________________ _________ 15.706 15,382 16,984 18,142 19,691 22,051 25,424 29,697 32,736 32, 834 35,221
State and local_______________________________________ 13,240 14,232 15,444 16,320 16, 339 15,452 15,476 15, 583 15,332 15,276 15,583
'
N o. 3 6 0 .— G r o s s a n d N e t C o r p o r a t e D e b t : 1929 t o 1939
N ote.—In millions of dollars. The figure® show gross corporate debt and the deductions made in arriving at net corporate debt. See headnote, table 358
1929 1939 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Gross corporate debt________________ ...______ ________ ____ 90,291 91,670 88,964 SI, 988 78,819 77, 927 76,545 75, 509 76, 597 76,500 78, 000
Dong-term_______ ___________________________________ 55,348 59,769 58,614 57,146 55,410 52,211 50,749 43,930 50,784 50,490 49,400
Short-term...................... ...................................................... 34,943 31,901 28,350 24,842 23,409 28,716 25,796 26, 579 25,813 26,010 26,600
Intercorporate holdings___ ________ _________________ _ 16,366 16,614 15,708 14,778 14,176 14,005 13,744 18,224 13,119 12,798 12,408
Long-term___________________________________________ 10,032 10,832 10, 587 10,301 9,966 9,383 9,112 8, 569 8,698 8,447 8,065
Short-term______________________________________ ____ 6,334 5,782 5,121 4,477 4,210 4,622 4,632 4,655 4,421 4,351 4,343
Bet corporate debt------------ ------------------------------------------ 73,925 75,056 71,256 67,210 64,648 68,922 62, 801 62,285 63,478 63,702 63,592
Long-term—____ -— ------------------------------------------------ 43,316 48,937 48,027 46,845 45,444 42,828 41, 637 40,361 42,086 42,043 41,335
Short-term____________________________-_____________ 28,609 26,119 23,229 20,365 19,199 21,094 21,164 21,924 21,392 21, 659 22,257
PUBLIC AND C0RF0KATE DEBT
Source ot tables 359 and 360: Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; Survey of Current Business, June 1940

13. PRICES
General Note.—T he wholesale-price index of the Department of Labor is based on primary market
quotations ol 734 commodities beginning 1926, 813 beginning January 1938, and 863 beginning March 1940;
a smaller number of commodities was covered in earlier years. The price of eaoh article is weighted by
the approximate quantity marketed during a period approximating that covered by the index. Beginning
with 1921, in computing indexes for commodity groups, articles falling under more than one of the
classifications wore included under each classification. For example, articles produced on the farm which
roach the consumer practically unchanged in form, such as potatoes, milk, and eggs, were included among
both farm products and foods. However, in computing tne index for all commodities such articles wore
counted only once,
The rotall-food-cost indexes presented in this section for periods beginning January 1935 are revised
indexes based on the distribution of expenditures as shown by the 1934-36 study made by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics of expenditures of wage earners’ and lower salaried workers' families. Differences in
changes in retail-food costs as shown by the revised, as compared with the unrevised, data are due largely
to the relatively greater importance of citrus fruits and greon vegetables and the lesser importance of cereals,
potatoes, and apples in the revised index. The revised indexes are computed from prices of 54 foods. Aggregate
costs of 54 foods in eaoh of 51 cities, weighted to represent total purchases, have been combined for the
United States with the use of population weights. In accordance with a recommendation of the Central
Statistical Board, Bureau of the Budget, an average of the years 1935-39 is being used as a base in presenting
those revised indexes of food costs. Indexes for all periods prior to January 1935 are converted from
Inuexos computed for corresponding periods on the 1923-25 base.
The farm-price index is based on prices paid to producers for 34 major crops and, beginning 1924, also 13
commercial truck crops. Average quotations for the period August 1909-July 1014 are used as a base,
and each price scries is weighted by the average annual marketings of farmers in the years 1924 to 1920.
N o. 3 0 1 .— P r i c e s , W h o l e s a l e , R e t a i l , a n d F a r m — I n d e x e s , b y M o n t h s ;
1924 t o 1940
YEAR
Yearly
average
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Doo.
Wholesale prioes
(lB26arg.«s100):
1924................ 0a. i 99.6 69.7 68.5 97,3 95.9 94.9 95.0 97.0 97.1 98.2 99.1 101.5
1025................ 103.5 102.6 104.0 104.2 101. 9 LG1.6 .03.0 104.3 103.9 103.4 103.6 104.6 103.4
1926................. 100.0 103.2 102.0 100.6 100.3 LOO. 5 .00.4 90.6 99.1 90.7 99.4 08.4 97.9
1927................ 95.4 66.6 05.8 64.7 94.1 94.2 94.1 94.3 95.2 96.3 96.6 96.3 96.4
1928.............. 00.7 96.4 95.8 95.5 96.6 97.5 90.7 97.4 97.6 98.6 96.7 95.8 95.8
1929............... 96.3 96.9 95.4 90.1 95.5 94.7 05.2 96.5 96.3 96.1 95.1 93.5 03. 3
1980................ 80.4 92.6 01.4 00.2 90.0 88.8 86.8 84.4 84.3 84.4 83.0 81.3 79.6
1931................. 73.0 78.2 76. R 76.0 74.8 73.2 72.1 72.0 72.1 71.2 70.3 70.2 68.0
1932................. 64,8 67.3 aa.8 60.0 65.5 64.4 63.9 64.5 65.2 05.3 04.4 G3.9 62.6
1933.............. 65.9 61.0 69,8 60.2 60.4 62.7 05.0 68.0 09.5 70.8 71.2 71.1 70,8
1034............. 74.9 72.2 73.6 73.7 73.3 73.7 74.fi 74.8 76.4 77.6 76.5 76.5 76.9
1935................. 80.0 78.8 70.5 79,4 80.1 80.2 79.8 79.4 80.6 80.7 180.5 80.6 80.9
1936................. 80.8 80.6 80.6 76.6 79.7 78.6 79.2 80.6 81.6 81.6 81.5 82.4 84.2
1 9 3 7 .......... 80.3 SB. 9 86.3 87.8 88.0 87.4 87.2 87.9 87.6 87.4 85.4 83.3 81.7
1938................. 78.6 80.9 79.8 79.7 78.7 78.1 78.8 78.8 78.1 78.3 77.6 77.5 77.0
1939............. 77.1 70.9 76.9 76.7 76.2 70.2 75.6 76.4 75.0 70.1 79.4 79.2 79.2
1040 . _
79.4 78.7 78.4 78.6 78.4 77.5
Retail food priees
(1935-1939 avg.«
100):
1929................ 132.6 130.0 129.6 128.4 127.7 129.7 131.3 134.9 136.9 136.7 136.3 135.2 133.9
1930................ 126.1 132.4 131,0 129.2 130.8 129.9 128.2 123.4 122.4 124.5 123.8 120.5 110.6
1031......... 103.8 113.0 108.9 107.7 106.2 104.6 102.1 102.2 102.6 102.1 101.2 09.0 96.6
1932.............. 86.4 02.2 89.2 89.5 89.0 80.7 85.6 86.5 84.0 84.4 84.0 83.1 82.0
1933................ 84.1 79.2 76.1 75.7 76.1 79.1 82.2 89.9 91.2 obi 90.7 89.8 87.8
1934............... 93.5 89.4 92.0 92.3 91.5 02.4 03.2 93.3 94.2 07.8 06.2 95.2 04.6
1035................. 100.4 98.4 100.4 99.7 101.9 101.3 160.5 99.4 99.4 100.5 100.0 101.3 102.1
1936................ 101.4 101.5 100.1 98.5 98.4 08.1 101.7 102.6 104.0 104.8 103.0 101.9 101.6
1937................. 105.3 103.1 103.6 105.0 105.1 106.1 100.0 106.3 100.9 107.9 106.5 104.1 102.7
1038............. 97.8 90.7 97.3 97.5 98.4 97.5 98.2 98.6 97.6 98.1 97.1 96,2 97.2
1939 ... 95.2 95.8 94.8 94.6 94.2 94.0 93.8 94.3 93.5 98.4 97.6 96.7 94.0
1940
94.8 06.6 95.6 96.2 97.0 93.3 97.4
Farm prioes (Aug.
1909-July 1914=
100):
1924................ 143 148 147 140 139 137 138 139 147 141 147 145 148
1925................. 156 155 154 150 152 152 156 168 160 155 156 156 155
1026................ 145 153 152 149 151 160 148 144 141 143 138 138 135
1027................. 139 133 132 131 131 134 188 139 142 148 148 147 147
1928................ 149 149 144 145 148 155 150 162 146 149 148 146 147
1929................ 146 147 145 140 144 142 142 147 152 150 149 145 147
1930................. 126 145 140 135 136 134 131 120 118 120 113 110 104
1031................ 87 101 95 97 97 92 86 86 82 80 77 79 75
1932................ 05 71 68 69 67 63 58 03 65 66 64 62 63
1033.............. 70 BO 65 55 58 6R 71 83 79 80 78 80 78
1934................ 00 77 83 84 82 82 86 87 96 103 102 101 101
1035................ 108 107 111 108 111 108 104 102 106 107 109 108 110
103ft 114 109 109 104 105 103 107 116 124 124 121 120 120
1937................ 121 131 127 128 130 128 124 125 123 118 112 107 104
1938.... ........... 05 102 97 96 94 92 92 95 92 95 95 04 90
1939................ 93 94 D2 91 89 99 89 89 88 08 97 97 96
1940................ 90 101 97 98 98 95
Sources: Wholesale and retail prices, Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics: data published
currently in ‘'Wholesale Prices" and "Retail Prices.” Farm prices, Department of Agriculture, Bureau
of Agricultural Economics; Annual Report, Agricultural Statistics; data published currently in “Crops
and Markets.”
322

WHOLESALE PRICES 323
N o . 3 6 2 .— P r ic e s, W h o l e sa l e— I n d e x e s, b t M a jo r C ommodity Gr o u p s:
1890 t o 1940
N o t e .—See general note, page 322. For indexes for all commodities for prior years, see table 363. For
index numbers (based on 1910-14 as 100) showing price changes in farm products and foods compared
with all other commodities combined, see table 63S, p. 873
[1926-100]
PERIOD
All
commodities
Farm
products
Foods
Hides
and
leather
products
Textile
products
Fuel
and
lighting
Metals
and
metal
products
Building
materials
Chemicals
and
allied
products1
House
furnishing
goods
Miscellaneous
1890........................... 56.2 50.4 55.5 47.5 57.8 38.1 105.3 40.5 78.2 49.9 97.9
1891..................... ..... 55.8 54.2 54.8 47.9 54.6 37.0 92.2 44.2 74.0 50.4 94.3
1892........................... 52.2 49.5 51.0 47.2 55.2 34.8 84.0 41.7 74.6 48.1 86.6
1893........................ 53.4 51.3 54.7 45.1 54.1 35.3 76.8 41.6 72.7 48.1 89.0
1894.......................... 47.9 44.6 48.2 43.0 46.1 34.3 65.7 39.8 65.5 45.3 86.4
1895........................... 48.8 43.9 47.3 49.4 44.3 40.3 70.4 38.8 64.7 43.5 88.0
1898........................... 46.5 39.6 44.1 45.2 43.1 39.5 71.2 38.9 65.0 43.4 90.2
1897........................... 46.6 42.5 45.5 45.0 42.9 33.9 65.0 87.4 70.9 42.5 92.5
1898.......................... 48.5 44.9 47.8 48.3 44.9 34.5 06.3 39.6 77.4 44.0 93.4
1899........................... 52.2 46.8 47.7 49.4 47.7 41.2 100.0 43.6 81.1 45.0 97.4
1900........................... 56.1 50.5 50.8 49.4 53.3 46.3 98.0 46.2 82.1 48.0 102.0
1001........................... 55.3 52.8 50.5 48.0 48.1 44.6 03.1 44.3 84.2 48.9 93.4
1902........................... 58.9 58.4 53.3 50,8 49.4 51.8 01.0 45.3 86.5 49.2 88.1
1903........................... 59.6 55.6 52.0 49.9 52.8 60.3 60.2 46.7 84.1 50.9 98.0
1904........................... 59.7 58.5 54.0 49.7 52.9 53.3 79.0 45.0 84.1 50.3 109.5
1905........................... 60.1 56.4 55.1 53,9 64.1 46.6 89.1 48.1 82.3 49.7 117.4
1900........................... 61.8 57.3 53.4 57.7 58.7 52.0 102.4 54.0 76.8 51.3 115.3
1007......................... 65.2 62.2 57.0 58.0 63.5 54.4 109.8 66.8 78.5 55.0 108.2
1908........................... 62.9 62.2 58.7 55,6 64.8 53.7 86.8 52.0 70.6 51.0 07.8
1909........................... 87.6 69.6 62.6 61.5 68.5 51.8 84.5 53.7 79.9 61.7 129.0
1910........................... 70.4 74.3 64.9 60.2 58.4 47.6 85.2 66.3 82.0 54.0 152.7
1911.......................... 64.9 66.8 62.0 58.8 55.5 46.7 80.8 56.3 81.6 52.7 108.6
1912........................... 69.1 72.6 66.8 64.5 55.7 61.4 89.5 55.9 80.7 63.0 106.4
1913........................... 69.8 71.5 04.2 08.1 57.8 61.3 90.8 56.7 80.2 56.3 93.1
1914........................... 68.1 71.2 64.7 70.9 54.6 56.6 SO. 2 52.7 81.4 56.8 89.9
1915........................... 09.5 71.5 65.4 75.5 54.1 61.8 86.3 53.5 112,0 66.0 86.9
1916........................... 85.5 84.4 75.7 03.4 70.4 74.3 116.5 67.6 160.7 61.4 100.6
1917........................... 117.5 129.0 104.5 123.8 98.7 105.4 150.6 88.2 165.0 74.2 122.1
1918........................... 131.3 148.0 119.1 125.7 137.2 109.2 136.6 98.6 182.3 03.3 134.4
1919........................ 138.6 157.6 129.5 174.1 136.3 104.3 130.9 115.0 157.0 105.9 139.1
1920.......................... 154.4 150.7 137.4 171.3 164.8 163.7 149.4 150.1 164.7 141.8 167.5
1921........................... 97.6 88.4 90.6 109.2 94.5 96.8 117.5 07.4 115.0 113.0 109.2
1922........................... 96.7 93.8 87.6 104.6 100.2 107.3 102.9 07.3 100.3 103.5 92.8
1923........................... 100.6 08.6 92.7 104.2 111.3 97.3 109.3 108.7 101.1 108.9 99.7
1924........................... 93.1 100.0 91.0 101.6 100.7 92.0 106.3 102.3 98.9 104.9 93.6
103.5 109.8 100.2 105.3 108.3 96.5 103.2 101.7 101.8 103.1 109.0
1926........................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
1927........................... 96.4 99.4 96.7 107.7 96.8 88.3 90.3 94.7 96.1 97.6 91.0
1928........ ................. 96.7 106.9 101.0 121.4 95.6 84.3 97.0 94.1 95.0 95.1 85.4
1929................. ........ 65.3 104.9 99.9 109.1 90.4 83.0 100.6 95.4 04.0 94.3 82.6
1930........................... 86.4 88.3 90.5 100.0 80.3 78.6 92.1 89.9 88.7 92.7 77.7
1931........................... 73.0 64.8 74.6 86.1 66.3 67.5 84.6 79.2 79.3 84.9 69.8
1932........................... 64.8 48.2 61.0 72.9 54.9 70.3 80.2 71.4 73.9 75.1 64.4
1933........................... 05.9 51.4 60.5 80.9 64.8 66.3 79.8 77.0 72.1 75.8 62.5
1934..................... 74.9 05.3 70.5 86.6 72.9 73.3 86.9 86.2 75.3 81.6 69.7
1936........................... 80.0 78.8 83.7 89.6 70.9 73.5 86.4 85.3 79.0 80.6 68.3
1936........................... 80.8 80.9 82.1 95.4 71.5 76.2 87.0 86.7 78.7 81.7 70.5
1937........................... 86.3 80.4 85.5 104.6 76.3 77.6 95.7 05.2 82.6 89.7 77.8
1638........................... 78.0 68.5 73.6 92.8 80.7 78.6 96.7 90.3 77.0 80.8 73.3
1939........................... 77.1 65.3 70.4 95.6 C9.7 73.1 04.4 90.5 70.0 86.3 74.8
1939
January................... 76.9 67.2 71.5 93.1 65.9 72.8 04.4 80.5 76.1 85.4 73.2
February................. 76.9 67.2 71.5 91.9 66.1 73.0 04.3 89.0 76.8 85.2 73.5
M a rc h .............. 76.7 65.8 70.2 91.8 66.0 73.1 94.3 89.8 76.0 85.2 74.1
April........................ 76.2 63.7 63.6 90.9 66.9 73.4 94.0 89.6 75.6 85.4 74.4
M ay......................... 70.2 63.7 68.2 91.6 67.5 73.9 03.5 89.5 76.6 85.5 74,2
June......................... 75.6 62.4 67.6 92.3 67.3 73.0 93.2 89.5 75.2 85.6 73,8
Ju ly ......................... 75.4 62.6 67.5 92.5 67.6 72.8 93.2 89.7 74.5 85.6 73.4
August..................... 75.0 61.0 67.2 92.7 67.8 72.6 03.2 89.6 74.2 85.6 73.3
September............... 70.1 68.7 75.1 98.5 71.7 72.8 94.8 90.9 76.6 86.6 70.6
October................... 79.4 67.1 73.3 104.6 75.5 73.9 95.8 02.8 77.6 87.8 77.6
November............. 79.2 67.3 72.3 104.0 76.4 74.1 06.0 93.0 77.4 88.4 77.0
December................ 79.2 67.6 71.9 103.7 78.0 72.8 96.0 93.0 77.7 88.6 77.4
1940
January................... 70.4 69.1 71.7 103.6 77.9 72.7 95.8 93.4 77.7. 87.9 77.7
February................. 78.7 68.7 71.1 102.4 75.4 72.4 95.3 98.2 77.6 88.0 77.3
March...................... 78.4 07.9 70.2 101.8 74.0 72.2 95.5 93.3 77.0 88.0 76,9
April........................ 78.8 69.4 71.6 101.8 72.9 71.8 94.5 92.5 76.8 88.4 77.7
M ay......................... 78.4 67.9 71.4 101.3 72.9 71.7 94.5 92.5 76.7 88.6 77.7
June......................... 77.6 60.2 70.3 00.2 72.6 71.4 94.7 92.4 76.1 88.5 77,8
1 Prior to 1926 “chemicals and drags.” Indexes for the 2 groups are not strictly comparable.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; data published currently in "Wholesale
Prices.”

3 2 4 prices
No. 363.— P r i c e s , W h o l e s a l e — I n d e x e s : I860 t o 1889
101L Iu

WHOLESALE PRICES 325
No. 365.— P r i c e s , W h o l e s a l e , o p L e a d i n g C o m m o d itie s : 1923 t o 1939
N o t e . — This list is a selection from among the 863 commodities entering into the general index of whole*
sale prices of the D epartm ent of Labor (see general note, p. 322). For weights of the bushel and barrel,
except as noted, see Appendix, p. 923
C O M M O D ITY
Unit
A V E R A G E P R IC E
mam
s 1939 1985 1930 1937 1938 1931
I . — F A R M P R O D U C T S
Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
Dollars Dollars Dollars
0.609 0.702 0.729 0.809 0.490 0.428
Corn, No. 2, yellow, Chicago_____ ...d o ----- . ,952 .832 .859 1.044 .554 .507
Com, No. 3. yellow, Chicago_____ ...d o ----- .938 .815 .847 1.025 .542 .499
Oats, No. 2, white, Chicago............. ...d o ....... ,473 .486 .417 .383 .437 .299 .345
Rye, No. 2, Chicago......................... ...d o ....... .932 1.016 .577 .779 .977 .678 .530
Wheat, No 2, red winter, Chicago. ...d o ....... 1.407 L 304 i. 907 1.007 1.219 .778 .803
Wheat, No 2,hard, Kansas C ity.. ...d o ....... 1.338 1.180 »1.040 1.123 1.201 .777 .756
Wheat, No. 1, northern spring, ...d o ....... 1.359 1,276 11.165 1.247 1,319 .865 .808
Minneapolis.
Cattle, steers, good to choice, Ohl- 100 lbs... 10.093 13.493 11.701 9.948 14.141 10. 295 10.438
oago,
Hogs, good to choice, light ‘Chicago. ...d o----- 9.534 10.663 >9.779 10.385 10.781 8.706 7.098
Lambs, native, fair to good, Chi- ...d o----- ............ 13.689 8.670 9.500 10.441 8.083 8.832
cago.
Poultry, live fowls, Chicago............ Pound.. .218 .273 .185 .188 .190 .184 .154
Cotton, middling. New Orleans.... ...d o ....... .205 .186 1.119 .120 .113 .087 .091
Eggs, firsts, Chicago-....................... Dozen__ .339 .354 .251 .241 .219 .213 .175
.370 .368 .263 .262 .229 .226 .184
1.310 1.258 1.565 1.175 1.214
Wash.
Oranges, choice, California, Chi- ...d o —__ 6.209 6.540 3.295 3.629 4.411 3.057 3.239
cago.
Hay, alfalfa, Kansas City................ Ton 1__ 22.199 24.566 17.076 16. 313 19.063 15.014 14.207
Hay, timothy, No. 1, Chicago......... ...do.’.— 24. 055 20.394 19.020 15.971 17.596 14.510 16.577
Milk, fluid, Chicago......................... 100 lb s.. 3.001 2.955 2.250 1,872 2.079 1.745 1.602
...d o....... 3.419 3.997 3.290 3.450 .159 2.957 2.837
Peanuts, Norfolk............................... Pound.. .063 .049 .036 .035 3.040 .034 .033
Flaxseed, Minneapolis..................... Bushel.. 2.853 2.706 1.753 1.043 ,2,126 1.922 1.824
100 lb s.. 20.125 121.875 1 9 .4 0 4 l4 194 21.434 IQ W0
1.845 1.606 .933 1.012 1.693 1.089 1.254
Wool, Ohio, medium grades, Bos- Pound.. .548 .487 .313 .400 .433 ,204 .365
ton.
II.— F O O D S
Butter, creamery, extra:
.437 .437 .287 .320 .332 .271 ,253
.450 .449 .296 .330 .343 .278 .260
.470 .458 .300 .336 .345 .283 .277
Cheese, whole milk, Chicago........... ...d o ,.... .219 .221 .156 .167 .172 .138 .142
Milk, exaporated, Now York.......... C ase'... 3.984 3.807 2.910 3.256 3.211 3.016 2.050
Beef, fresh, oaroass, steers, Chicago. Pound.. .170 .231 .176 .152 .211 .168 .163
Lamb, fresh, Chicago....................... ...d o___ .258 .256 .166 .169 .176 .160 .107
.228 .244 .225 .240 .231 .218 .200
Pork, 'mess, New York__________ B arrel 31.055 30.370 29.891 31.530 32.414 27.084 21.405
(200 lbs.)
.174 142 . 154 .106 (176
Pork, fresh (composite price), Chi- ___do___ .161 .183 .192 .178 .182 .155 .133
cago.
.324 .214 . 21R ,223 .218 IRA
.075 .076 .069 .064 .068 .058 .058
Bread. New York .070 .066 .069 .000 .008 .072 .052
.162 .157 .072 . 075 .088 .063 .052
Salmon, canned, red. No. 1, tall, Doz.cans. 2.645 2.709 1.840 2 .231 2.380 2.182 2.100
cannery.
Flour, short patents, Kansas City.. Barrel__ 7.160 6.535 6.625 5.844 5.969 4.788 4.317
Flour, standard patents, Mizrne- ...d o___ 7.468 6.786 7.876 6.836 8.716 6.306 5.242
apolis.
Flour, patents, Portland, Oreg____ ___do___ 7.992 7.176 7.343 7.117 6.657 5.250 5.510
.046 .042 .046 .050 .039 .039
2.802 2 .0 5 3 2.512 2.526 7 7 1 6
Lard, prime, contract, New York.. Pound.. .141 .120 .145 .116 .117 .086 .069
Oleomargarine, cartons, uncolored, ...d o__ - .250 .151 .153 .156 .146 .133
Chicago.
R ice, Blue Rose, New Orleans___ — do___ .054 .038 .040 .040 .036 .033 .034
Salt, American, medium, Chicago.. Barrel 2.389 2.214 2.513 2.488 2.543 2.750 2.750
Sugar, granulated. New Y o rk ...... Pound.. .071 .051 .049 .048 .047 .045 .046
Sugar, raw, 96®, New York_______ — do___ .058 .038 .032 .036 .036 .029 .030
Cottonseed oil, New York_______ ___do___ .110 .097 .104 .098 .092* .079 .066
1Processing tax not included.
* Ton of 2,000 pounds.
* Case of 4 dozen 14^-ounce cans. Price for 1923-26 and 1929 computed from price of 16-ounce cans.
* Barrel of 280 pounds.

326 p ric e s
No, 3 6 5 ,— Prices, W holesa le, op L eading Commodities: 1923 to 1939— Con.
AVERAGE PRICE
COMMODITY
U nit
1923-
1925
im 1935 1936 1937 1938 1039
ni.—HIDES AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Hides, packers, heavy, native
steers, Chicago.
Calfskins, packers, Chicago................
Goat skins, Brazil, New York...........
Leather:
Calf, chrome, B grade, tannery-
Glazed kid, top grade, Boston— _
Side, black, chrome tanned, .
B grade, Boston.
Sole, oak, scoured backs, Boston.
Shoos:
Child's, oxford, factory.___—
Men's, black calf, lace, oxford..
Women’s, black, calf, blucher
oxford.
IV.— TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Cotton goods, mill:
Damask, table, mercerized,
mill, 68-inch.
Denims, 28-inch.........................
Drillings, brown, 30-inch...........
Gingham, 32-inch.......................
Muslin, bleached, scries 1.........
Print doth, 27-inch....................
Sheeting, bleached, series 1.......
Sheeting, brown, series 1...........
Yarn, carded, white, northern,
22/1’s cones.
Hosiery and underwear:
Hosiery, women's, pure silk...
Hosiery, men's, silk____ _____
Men's union suits, knit, ribbed.
Rayon, 160 second quality, Now
York.
Silk, raw, Japan, 20-22 yellow,
Now York.
Woolen and worsted goods, mill:
Suiting serge, 15-ounco___. . . . .
French serge, 54-inch *.............
Yarn, fine weaving, 2/50’s.........
Thread, 6-cord...................................
V.— FUEL AND LIGHTING
Coal, anthracite, chestnut................
Coal, bituminous, mine run.........—
Coke, Connellsville, furnace...........
Electricity........................ ................
Manufactured gas...........................
Natural gas......................................
Petroleum, crude, Kans.-Okla.........
Fuel oil, refinery, Pennsylvania___
Gasoline, refinery, Pennsylvania...
VI.— METALS AND PRODUCTS
Iron ore, non-Bessemer....................
Pig iron, basic, furnace....................
Pig iron, Bessemer, Pittsburgh____
Nails, wire, base price, Pittsburgh..
Pipe, cast-iron, 6-inch, New York—
Skelp, grooved, Pittsburgh..............
Steel billets, moiling, Pittsburgh..
Steel plates, Pittsburgh...................
Steel rails, m ill................................
Steel sheets, No. 27, mill..................
Steel, structural, mill.......................
Tin plate, Pittsburgh............ .
Aluminum, virgin ingot, New York.
Copper, ingot, electrolytic, refinery.
Lead, pig, desilverized, New York.
Silver, bar, fine, New York______
Tin, pig, Now York_____ _____
Zinc, pig, slab, New York................
Dollars
Pound.. 0.158
..d o __ .107
..do___ .811
Sq. f t ...
..do....... .681
..do___ .266
Pound.. .480
Pair.....................
...do.....................
...do.....................
Yard__
...do......
...do......
...do......
...do......
...do......
...do......
...do......
Pound..
Do&.prs.
...do.......
Dozen __
Pound._
...do.......
Yard__
...do.......
Pound._
Spool...
.233
.183
.070
.486
.167
. 469
12.337
2.136
2.478
2.460
.033
Ton > 12.378
. . . do.L.. 4. 387
.__do.L__ 4.378
100 kwh.
1,000 cu. ft
Barrel «. 1.519
Gallon.. .056
...d o___ .130
Ton
—do.L__
do.L--
100 lbs..
Ton
100 lb s..
Ton
Pound..
Ton i . ..
Pound..
100 lb s..
3Ton of 2,QQQpounds.
*For 1023-1926, 35-ineb; for 1929, 39-inch.
4.624
21.873
24.860
57.540
2.149
38.465
.021
43.000
.035
2.220
Pound..
—do....... .139
..do....... .083
Ounce. _ .672
P ound.. .502
,072
Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
0.171 0.130 0.139 0.172 0.118 0.123
.209 .146 .183 .200 .136 .179
.760 .667 .628 .718 .408 .470
. 376
.725 .530 .572 .622 .567 .679
.288 .188 .196 .246 .190 .219
.629 .344 .367 .415 .317 .320
.896 .899 .934 .011 .988
3.467 3.693 3.863 4.158 3.937 4.019
2.883 2. 608 2.563
.370 .386 .392 .411 .378
.381
.181 .141 .132 .142 .103 .106
.116 .107 .113 .080 .084
.125 .123 .109 .112 .097 .102
.174 .154 .148 .155 .128 .130
.052 .049 .043 .048 .036 .036
.419 .299 .306 .314 .249 .250
.125 .11Q .097 .107 .070 .079
.358 . .305 .295 .300 .230 .244
9.313 5.241 5.144 5.452 5.116 5.433
2.117 2.070 2.091 2.000 2.129
7.712 7.186 7.024j 6.647 6.436
1.180 .553 . 5G6 .603 .502 .495
4.880 1.684 1.747 1.762 1.583 2.615
1.961. 1.788 1.918 2.165 1.730 1.915
1.015 1.103 1.193 1.068 1.059
1.967 1.550 1.717 1.939 1.648 1.656
.037 .021 .017 .020 .023 .023
11.505 9.590 9. 735 9.372 9.445 9.143
3.953 4.242 4.272 4.294 4.327 4.311
2.780 3.567 3.076 4.384 3,967 4.091
2.040 1.930 1.780 1.720 1.832 1.702
.985 .965 .942 .929 .030 .909
.491 .517 .493 .479 .493 .487
L 233 .940 1.038 1.157 1.118 .954
.048 .040 .045 .044 .040 .042
.091 .052 .056 .054 .049 .045
4.443 4.500 4.500 4.872 4.950 4.950
18.189 18.170 19.115 23.019 21.692 21.077
20.500 19.966 20.909 24.727 23.544 22.956
2.579 2.517 2.154 2.688 2.575 2.461
36.666 45.113 45.460 52.039 50. 923 49.800
1.859 1.713 1.800 2.048 1.996 1.900
34.642 27.264 29.750 36.481 35.442 34.000
.019 .018 .019 .022 .022 .021
43.000 30.375 36.627 41.894 41.793 40.000
.030 .026 .027 .032 .032 .031
1.921 l.SOO 1.880 2.215 2.172 2.100
4.860 5.225 6.087
.243 .205 .205 .205 .2051 .205
. 181 .080 .095 .132 .100 .110
.068 .041 .047 .060 .047 .051
.533 .643 .453 .451 . 435 .395
.462 .504 .464 .544 .423 .504
.068 .047 .053 .069 .050 .055
6 Barrel of 42 gallons.
7Ton of 2,240 pounds.

WHOLESALE PRICES 327
N o . 3 6 5 . — P r ic e s , W h o l e s a l e , o f L e a d in g C o m m o d it ie s : 1923 t o 1939— Con.
COMMODITY
Unit
1023-
. 1025
AVERAGE TRICE
1020 1035 1936 1037 1088 1939
VI.—METALS, ETC.—continued
Agricultural implements, factory: Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
Cultivator, l*row, riding Each__ 48.289 849.820 47.783
17.150 17.150 18 87 5 MR 047 17 R7R
16.815 15.788 816.708 Ifi U3
..._do....... 65.002 66.827 68.488 60.659 flfl. 394
740.423 691.708
Motor trucks* we Kilted average ...do___ . 971.575 742.048 740. 562 782.097 803.606 859,564
price of 94- to 3H-ton capacity.
/. o. b. factory.
VH,*—BUILDING MATERIALS
Douglas fir, No. 1 common 1,000 ft>_ 17.920 17.961 16.836 19.487 20.872 17.678 19.336
boards, mill.
Maple, hard. No. 1, Chicago______ ___do___ 66.038 54.623 45.925 47.346 64.068 52.442 51.058
Oat, plain, white,No.1, Cincinnati. ___do....... 60.200 57.623 44. 509 45.000 53.308 44.769 43.789
44,000 45. 750 51.305 50.000 48.731
3G 021 37.467 44. &9.R 41 335 40. 701
2.650 2. 547 2.778 2.757 2.816
1,000___ 11.768 11.737 12.048 11.996 12.046
Cement, Portland............................. Barrel... 1.888 1.601 1.663 1.667 1.667 1.667 0
Linseed oil, raw, New York............ Pound.. ,134 .123 .094 .008 .108 .090 .092
White lead, in oil. New York------- ...d o___ . 141 .138 .110 .114 .128 .116 .123
Glass, plate, 6 to 10 sq. ft., N. Y— Sq. f t ... .638 .386 .260 .208 .289 .290 .290
2.433 2.849 2.887 2.530 2.736
Limei building,plant..!.................. Ton 9.586 7.987 7.208 7.090 7.120 7.154 7.097
vm.—CHEMICALS AND ALLIED
PRODUCTS
Acid, sulphuric, 66°, works_______ __do.1__ 14.267 15.500 16.500 15.500 16.039 16.500 10.600
.407 .377 .341 .336 .299
Ammonia, anhydrous, New York.. Pound.. .289 .140 .158 .160 ,160 .160 .160
100 lbs 1.345 1.230 1.230 1.157 1.050 1.050
3.280 2.950 2.600 2. COO 2.479 2.300 2.300
Tallow, packer's prime, Chicago... Pound.. .088 .085 .070 .066 .082 .056 .054
Alcohol, grain, New York................ Gallon.. 4.802 2.745 4.505 4.517 4.663 4.670 4.789
Phenol. U. S. P., works..............— Pound.. .201 .138 .143 .142 .137 . 145 .138
Superphosphate, Baltimore............. Ton 1— 8,732 9.731 7.870 7.000 8.164 7.808 7.664
Nitrate of soda, 96 percent, N. Y ... 100 lbs.. 2.520 2.167 1. 275 1.330 1.411 1.450 1.460
23.904 25.250 27.923 28.098 27.668
Fertilizers, mired, South Atlantic, ...doA _. 22.400 16.940 15.605 17.880 17.341 18.060
. 3-8-3.
IX.—HOPSEJUIlNISHINa GOODS'”
1.333 1.201 1.306 1. 489 1.240 1.265
2.630 2.102 2.317 2.753 2.729 3.014
Sewing machines, electric................ 63.054 64.025 68.467 67.833 67.553
Stoves, gas......................................... 50.188 59.544 68.665 74.316 73.753
Vacuum oleaners, electric, without ...d o ___ "20.000 14.725 10.036 10.143 10.143 10.143 10.143
attachments.
30.839 33.165 29.048 29.948. 29.453
speed, 6-sheet capacity, factory.
X.—MISCELLANEOUS
Bran, Minneapolis........................... T on1__ 24.546 26.694 20.498 21.642 25.976 16.784 18.716
Cottonseed meal, prime, Memphis. ...do.*... 41.020 38.542 25.401 25.688 29.212 21.524 23.418
Middlings, standard, Minneapolis. ...do.*... 26.850 27.741 21.759 23.899 28.113 17.591 19.728
Pauer. newsprint rolls, destination. 62.00 40.00 41.00 42.50 50.00 50.00
New York basis.
Paper, wrapping, manllla. No. 1. 100 lb s.. 10.490 9.125 9.125 9.125 9.128 9.115 8.904
Jute, New York.
Wood pulp, sulphite, domestic, ...d o___ 2.133 3.484 2.384 2,072
unbJeaohed, mill.
Rubber, plantation, ribbed, N. Y .. Pound.. . 434 .206 . 124 .105 .194 .147 .179
Automobile tires, balloon, faotory.. 9.319 9.683 11.575 12.110 (•)
Cylinder oil, Oklahoma..'................ Gallon.. ,168 .206 .140 .167 .170 .133 .147
Neutral oil, Pennsylvania................ .264 .269 .236 .211 .240 ,151 .189
Soap, laundry, bars, white, destt- Pound.. .046 .046 .050 .047 .047
nation.
Starch, laundry, New York............ ...d o .,... .056 .058 .058 .058 .058 .050 .050
Tobacco, plug, New York............... ...d o....... .698 .696 .642 .642 .642 .642 .642
Tobacco, smoking, 1-oz. bag, N, Y_. Gross... 8.868 8.320 5.120 5.120 5.120 5.120 6.120
Cigarettes, destination.............. 1,000.— 5.398 6.380 6.380 5.507 5.513 5.513
* Ton of 2,000 pounds. ! 11-month averago. * Data not avallablo.
'» Owing to frequent changes In patterns announced by manufacturers, prices ot individual articles of
furniture are only roughly comparable from year to year and are not shown. 11 Average for 1024 and 1925.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics! data published currently in “Wholesale
Prices."

328 p r i c e s
N o . 3 6 6 . — P r ic e s , W h o l e s a l e — I n d e x e s , A l l C o m m o d it ie s a n d b y E c o n o m ic
C l a s s e s : 1916 t o 1940
N ote.—Figures in boxes indicate number of quotations. As orginally published, Bradstrcct’s “Index”
Is the dum of the prices per pound of 96 commodities; Dun’s represents the aggregate cost per capita of a
ycaT’s supply of the approximately 300 commodities included. In the following table, both series have
been expressed as a percentage of 1926 by the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Oommerce. Indexes
of the National Bureau of Economic Research for 1916 to 1028 are unwoighted geometric moans for
approximately 490 commodities (converted from a 1913 base to a 1920 base by the Bureau of Foreign
and Domestic Commerce); for subsequent years they are weighted arithmetic means for 680 price sories,
the weights being based upon tbe average value of production in 1927 and 1931. For method of computing
the Department of Labor indox, see general note, p. 322
YEAR
Bradstreet's
index
(1026**
100)
96
Dun’s
index
(1926=
100)
300
All
commodifies
863 *
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
(1926=1001
1113
Raw
materials
Semimanufactures
983
Manufactured
products
i
6633
NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RE­
SEARCH (1929=100)
All
commodities
680 *
Producers’
goods
4184
Consumers’
goods
2924
Durable
goods
2224
Nondurable
goods3
469 *
1916-1920......... 129.7 113.0 125.5 127.7 155.7 119.3 125.1 134.2 112.6
1921-1925......... 98.8 07.6 99.3 97.4 105.5 99.2 103.7 105.9 100.4
1926.................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 103.4 103.8 102.7
1927.................. 99.4 99.4 05 4 96.5 94.3 95.0 100.1 100.4 99.5
1928.............— 102.4 103.1 96. 7 99.1 94.5 95.9 101.3 101.6 100.8
1929.................. 97.3 101.0 96.3 97.5 93.9 94.5 100.0 100.0 100. Q loo.o 100.0
1930................ 81.8 91.3 80.4 84.3 81.8 88.0 90.5 88.5 93.2 93.1 89.1
1931.................. 66.6 77.3 73.0 65.6 69.0 77.0 76.5 73.2 80.7 84.8 72.7
1932.................. 54.3 70.7 64.8 55.1 69.3 70.3 67.4 64.0 70.6 78.5 61.5
1933.................. 62.1 78.1 66.9 66.5 65.4 70.6 69.4 68.3 70.9 80.4 64.1
1934.................. 71.8 88.6 74.9 68.6 72.8 78.2 78.8 78.6 79.2 87.0 74.4
1935.................. 77.4 92.0 80.0 77.1 73.6 82.2 83.4 82.9 83.9 86.0 81.2
1936.................. 78.7 96.7 80.8 79.8 75.9 82.0 84.2 84.9 83.5 87.7 81.7
1937.................. m (») 86.3 84.8 85.3 87.2 90.7 92.9 88.0 98.2 87.2
1938.................. h h 78.6 72.0 75.4 82.2 81.9 82.7 80.7 90.2 76.2
1939.................. « h 77.1 70.2 77.0 8 0.4 80.5 8 1.0 7 8.6 9 4.9 74.0
Jan.-June:
1939______ ffl (•) 7 6.4 6 9.5 7 4.5 8 0.0 79.4 80.0 77.5 94.1 72.7
1940............. m (*) 7 8.6 7 2.4 7 9.3 8 1 .2 82.7 84.3 8 0.6 96.9 70.6
i Formerly “Finished products.”
3 Perishable and semidurable.
3 Effective March 1940. In earlier years a smaller number of commodities was included.

COST 03? LIVING 329
N o. 3 6 7 . — C o st o f G o o d s P u r c h a s e d b y W a s h E a r n e r s a n d L o w e r -S a l a r ie d
W o r k e r s i n 33 L a r g e C it ie s C o m b in e d — I n d e x e s : 1913 to 1940— Continued
YEAR AND MONTH All Items Food Clothing Rent
Fuel,
electricity,
and
ice
Housofurnishings
Miscellaneous
1932............................ -............... 07.6 86.5 00.8 116.9 103.4 85.4 101.7
1033.......................... -................. 02.4 84.1 87.9 100.7 100.0 84.2 98.4
1934............................................. 06.7 03.7 90.1 94.4 101.4 02.8 97.9
June..................................... 05.3 93.0 06.6 04.0 100.8 92.0 97.0
November 16....................... 00.2 95.4 96.5 93.0 101.8 93.6 97.8
1935........................................- 08.1 100.4 90.8 94.2 100.7 94,8 98.1
Maroh 16............................. 97.8 90.7 06.8 03.8 102.1 04,2 98.1
October 15........................... 98.0 100,0 96.9 94.6 100.5 05.7 97.9
1936............................................. 99.1 101.3 97.0 00.4 100.2 06.3 08.7
July 15................................. 99.4 102.6 97.2 00.5 99.1 05.0 98.7
December 1 5 .................... 00.8 101. 6 09.0 98.1 100.6 97.9 99.1
1937-........................................... 102.7 105.3 102.8 100,9 100.2 104.3 101.0
June 16....... -....................... 102.8 100.0 102.5 101.0 09.2 104.3 100.9
December 15....................... 103.0 102.7 104.8 103.7 100.7 107.0 102.0
1938............................................. 100.8 97.8 102.2 104.1 99.9 103.3 101.5
March 16............................. 100.9 97.5 102.0 103.9 101.2 104.7 101.0
June 16................................ 100.0 98.2 102.2 104.2 08.0 103.1 101.8
September 15...................... 100.7 98.1 101.4 104.2 09.3 101.9 10L6
December 15....................... 100.2 97.2 100.9 104.3 100.0 101.7 101.0
1039..........-................................. 00.4 05.2 100.5 104.3 99.0 101.3 100.7
March 15............................. 00.1 04.6 100.4 104.3 100.1 100.9 100.5
June 15................................ 08.6 03.6 100.3 104.3 07.5 100.6 100.4
September 15....................... 100.6 08.4 100.3 104.4 08.6 101.1 101.1
December 16....................... 90.6 94.0 101.3 104.4 90.9 102.7 100.9
1940:
00.8 95.6 102.0 104.5 100.6 100.5 100.8
June 15................................ 100.5 08.3 101.7 -104.0 98.6 100.1 100.6
N o . 3 6 8 . — C o st o f G o o d s P u r c h a s e d b y W a g e E a r n e r s a n d L o w e r -S a l a r ie d
W o r k e r s in E a c h o f 33 L a r g e C it ie s — I n d e x e s : 1935 t o 1940
[1935-39 average=100]
CITY
INDEX OP TOTAL COST OP GOODS PURCHASED
FOR—
U5
1
W
H
-s
o
D e c . 15,1936
D e c . 15, 1937
gg 25 A
irT
£
fi
g
10
Si
S
D e c . 15,1939 |
©
s
JO
fl fl
3
H*
F o o d
INDEX, JUNE 1G, 1040, FO R-
U . S , (38 c itie s ) !.... 98.0 00.8 103.0 100.2 06.1 99.6 100.5 98.3 101.7 104.6 98.6 100.1 100.6
A l t a n t a ........................ 99.8 100.9 102.6 100.0 98.8 98.7 98.5 03.2 102.3 104.3 96.5 97.7 100.0
B a l tim o r e .................. 08.0 09.7 101.9 100.0 99.6 98.9 100.5 98.7 101.5 104.1 97.3 101.2 100.6
B i r m i n g h a m - .......... 08.3 100.0 104.1 1.00.4 99.1 99.5 99.0 92. C 102.5 113.8 89.8 96.9 100.1
B o s to n ......................... 90.2 09.3 102.2 OR. 3 98.1 97.9 100.0 98.6 100.9 100.5 104.0 97.7 90.9
B u f f a lo ........................ 97.2 0 0.0 103.6 100.4 90.3 99.7 1 0 1 .2 100.1 101,0 106.2 97.7 y y .4 100.8
C h ic a g o ...................... 97.2 9 9.5 103.3 100.8 9£U | 60.8 101.4 09.0 00,8 108.6 97.9 101.7 100.2
C in c in n a ti................. 99.0 9 9.9 102.0 00.1 98.2 98.2 98.8 04.4 104.0 102.2 90.6 00.3 100.5
C le v e la n d .................. 97.4 9 8.4 102.9 101.4 101.0 100.9 101.8 99.0 102. Q 107.0 107.6 loo. a 99.3
D e n v e r —.................... 97.2 9 9.9 103.3 90.9 9 9.2 99.7 90.7 00.2 90.0 106.7 97.0 102.2 00.8
D e t r o i t ........................ 96.5 9 9.5 100.4 100.7 99.8 99,8 100.9 98.3 101.8 107.7 97.0 09.5 99.9
H o u s t o n ...................... 97.0 99.6 103.0 101.4 100.0 101.3 100.7 07.9 103.2 100.7 93.1 104.6 90.0
I n d ia n a p o lis ............. 08.4 100.0 103.5 100.0 90.3 99.6 100.2 90. e 103.3 100.8 95.3 09.3 99.5
Jacksonville........... 99.2 100.7 102.7 99.1 98.4 99,3 100.2 100.2 101.4 103.6 06.3 00.3 98.9
Kansas Oity.......... 98.0 99,9 102.6 99.7 99.1 99.3 98.6 92.0 102.9 102.7 97.3 97.5 101.0
Los Angeles........... 96.1 09.4 103.2 102.6 101.2 100.4 100.8 97.4 103.4 106.6 05.5 100.2 101.2
Manchester........... 98.9 99.7 101.0 98.8 98.0 99.0 100.5 99.8 100.2 101.8 102.7 100.0 100.2
Memphis............... 07.6 101.0 102.5 99.5 98.5 98.9 08.4 02.7 102.1 105.3 94.0 101.4 100.0
Minneapolis.......... 96.8 99.6 103.4 100.9 100.2 101.1 100.8 97.9 100.8 108.0 95.6 103.2 100.9
Mobile................... 68.0 60.0 102.0 99.6 99.4 00.7 99,2 97.3 100.0 105.7 94.5 102.0 08.6
New Orleans......... 08.9 100.6 101.0 9 9.0 99.4 100.4 101.1 100.9 1 0 1 .5 103.2 09.8 102.3 100,3
New York............. 98.7 9 0.5 102.8 100.2 99.2 100.1 101.6 101.1 101.1 102.6 99.6 97.5 102.4
Norfolk.................. 100.1 101.2 101.8 99.0 98.4 98.5 98.5 94.7 103.5 102.2 92.3 99.4 100.9
Philadelphia......... 99.0 100.8 101.6 99.4 98.2 98.6 99.2 95.9 101.3 103.1 06.8 101.0 100.8
Pittsburgh............. 08.3 100.0 102.6 100.3 97.8 98.8 100.6 98.0 102.6 105.7 99.8 101.7 90.2
Portland, M aine.. 100.1 100.5 101.8 97.8 06.6 97.6 98.9 96.9 100.0 100.6 100.4 00.4 99.0
Portland, Oregon.. 05.7 9 9.4 103.2 101.7 100.7 100.9 100.7 99.8 103.2 106.5 91.6 00.0 100,3
Richmond.............. 00,7 102,0 102.0 00.8 08.6 98.8 98.5 02.7 103.5 102.8 97.0 102.0 100.2
St. Louis................ 08.2 99.7 102.7 99.6 99.0 99.1 09.5 97.5 102.8 101.6 99.3 06.3 100.1
San Francisco....... 07.8 98.8 103.0 101.4 100.3 100.2 100.1 96.7 103.2 103.7 91.8 101.2 101.6
Savannah.............. 100.0 100.2 101.9 69.5 98.7 99.7 100.8 99.6 101.8 104.8 97.6 104. S 100.0
Scranton............... 100.3 101.8 101.2 07.0 96.9 97.4 98.7 98.3 101.7 98.1 94.7 08.2 100.0
Seattle................... 05.0 99.6 103.2 101.2 100.9 100.9 101.7 99.7 103.9 106.8 98.3 OK. 5 101.7
Washington, D. O. 99.4 100.4 102.2 09.7 98.9 98.9 100.1 98.3 102.9 99.9 06.8 104.5 100.6
1Index numbers for food based on prloes for 51 cities.
Source of tables 367 and 368: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics: data published periodically
in “ Changes in Cost of Living,”
2 6 7 7 0 6 ° — 4 1 ------- 2 3
C lo th in g
■u
S
F u e l, electricity
, a n d ice
H o u s e fu r­
n is h in g s
3
!

3 3 0 PBICES
N o . 8 6 9 .— C o st o p F o o d, R e t a il , in 51 L a r g e C it ie s — I n d e x e s , b y C i t i e s :
1935 t o 1940
N o t e .— 1936-30 ayerage=100. Sales t a x e s i n c l u d e d w h e r e v e r a p p l i c a b l e . See s e c o n d p a r a g r a p h o l
g e n e r a l n o t e , p . 3 2 2
1038 1039 1940
BUGION AND CITY 1936 193ft 1937 1938 1939
Sept,
13 Dec.
13 Mar.
14
June
13
Sept. Dec.
12
Mar.
12
June
18
United States_____ 100.4 101.3 105.3 97.8 95.2 98.1 97.2 04.6 03.6 98.4 04.9 95.6 98.3
Hew England:
Boston....................... 101.0 101.2 104.7 97.8 95,3 08.9 96.4 95.3 94.4 98.1 92.8 95.9 98.0
Bridgeport................ 100.6 101.1 106.3 68.3 94.8 08.1 96.7 94.4 04.9 97.8 93.0 06.2 08.5
Pall lllver................. US. H 100.7 106.0 98.5 96.0 08.3 98.1 95.6 04.0 07.9 05.3 96.8 100.3
Manchester............... 91). 0 101.9 104.2 97.9 96.1 07.8 96.4 94.6 06.1 99.8 95.0 07.8 09.8
New Haven.............. 100.0 101.4 105.8 98.1 04.7 08.3 97.1 93.7 03.0 98.5 oa.fi 95.3 98.6
Portland, Maine___ m 2 102.5 105.6 90,2 93.0 07.7 94.9 91.7 92.1 97.7 92. C 92.9 96.0
Providence................ 100.1 101.4 106.9 97.7 94.9 08.8 06.2 93.7 03.8 99.7 03.3 96.3 99.5
Kiddle Atlantic:
Buffalo..................... 100.7 101.4 104.7 07.4 95.9 06.4 98.0 95.5 94.8 100.0 94.3 96.6 100.1
Newark..................... 08.7 loo. a 105.4 98.4 96.7 S8.fi 98.4 96.6 95.6 100.0 96.0 99.3 101.0
Now York................. m o 101. c 104.1 07.3 96.fi 98,0 98.6 96.3 93.7 100.6 07.1 09.8 101.1
Philadelphia,........... 100.1 102.5 105.7 97, S 94.4 07,3 05.3 93.9 93.7 07.4 94.2 93.2 96.0
Pittsburgh................ 100.2 101.4 100.4 OK. 6 93.5 00,0 97.1 90.8 02.7 07.1 03.3 93.8 98.0
Rochester.................. 00.1 101.5 105.8 OS. 6 04,0 06. 2 97.3 04.1 93.5 98.1 96.0 97.2 101.6
Scranton.................... 100.2 102.5 105.5 07.1 94.3 95.0 98.9 93.6 93.1 09.0 96.1 96.4 08.3
East North Central:
Chicago..................... 100. c 101,4 100.1 97.8 94.0 99.0 96.3 93.5 03.1 97.4 94.6 94.2 09.6
Cincinnati..........— 102.6 103.5 105.5 90.2 98.6 96. S 94.1 92.0 00.3 95.4 01.7 92.6 94.4
Cleveland.............— 100.3 100. t 104.1 98.6 96.3 109.1 99.4 96.5 96.1 98.0 05.7 95.9 09.0
Columbus, Ohio....... 103.2 103.9 104.0 90. C 92.3 95.6 94.8 94.5 80.0 94.7 92.5 92.0 94.0
Detroit...................... 99. 6 ioi. a 106.8 98.2 03.7 06/7 96.9 94.0 92.4 96.2 04.1 04.5 08.3
Indianapolis.............. 100.0 101.9 106.5 97.6 98.fi 07.9 9fi. 9 94.0 92.2 06.0 94.0 94.0 96.6
Milwaukee............ .. QQ.C 101.5 107.0 OS. 6 98.7 97,7 96.3 94.2 92. C 96.2 92,7 02.8 98.1
Peoria.............. , ........ WO. 4 101.1 104.6 97.3 96.6 08.2 97.2 95.1 96.8 98.9 96.2 95.0 100.1
Springfield, 111.......... 100.2 100.7 105.9 07.7 95.5 07.9 90.9 94.8 95.1 99.4 00.1 93.0 98.2
West North Central:
Kansas City............. 101.4 101.2 105.6 07.5 04.3 97.6 sa i 04.0 92.8 97.6 93.4 91.2 92.9
Minneapolis..,. . . . . . 90,2 100.8 104.9 07.9 97.2 98.4 98.1 96.2 96.4 99.6 08.0 97.1 97.9
Omaha..................... 103.5 101.? 105.4 Ufi. 4 94.7 03.6 93.8 92.4 94.2 99.8 05.5 04.3 98.3
St. Louis......... .......... 99.7 101.2 105.2 98,2 05.7 99.6 97.1 96.1 03.1 98.8 95.1 06.2 07.5
St. Paul..................... 101.1 101. C 104.4 97.5 96,1 97.5 97,4 95.1 95.6 98.0 96.4 93.3 97.2
South Atlantio:
A tla n ta ...------------ 102.2 102.2 105.7 95..6 94.3 96.5 96.5 94.5 92.7 98.3 93 fi 96.0 03.2
Baltimore------- ------ 99.8 100.9 104.3 08.3 98.7 98.5 07.8 96.5 06.1 09.4 94 6 96.6 08.7
Charleston, S. 0 ...... 99.2 101.1; 104.3 98.5 06.4 99. G 09.1 95.4 .94.4 09.8 07,4 95.7 05.8
Jacksonville.......... 99.9 100.9 104.1 98.4 96.7 100.1 97.9 95.1 94.6 100.4 97.4 95.9 100.2
Norfolk...................... 101. 0 102.4 105.0 06.7 94.2 95.5 95.6 94.2 02.1 97.3 04.0 93.0 94.7
Richmond___ _____ 101.6 103.0 106.4 00.5 02.0 96.3 96.2 92.7 90.1 96.4 92 5 91.1 92.7
Savannah................ 90.8 101.5 104.4 07.5 oa.7 97.4 07.2 04.7 05.1 100.8 06,0 07.3 99.6
Washington, D, 0 __ 102.6 101.4 105.0 90.1 95. G 96.9 96.2 94.6 93. e 99.5 03.8 96.1 98,3
Bast South Central:
Birm ingham ........... 102.2 102.6 107.7 95. e 91.9 90.0 94.7 90.9 80.4 96.4 93.0 92.0 92.0
Louisville.................. 103.8 100.fi 104.9 Ott. 4 93.0 96.0 96.1 63.3 92.3 97.1 94.0 93.5 95.2
Memphis....... ........... 103.3 102.0 i o t a 9(5.1 92.7 95.7 05.1 9X2 90.6 97.6 02.8 92.3 92.7
Mobiio....................... 100.2 100.3 105.6 97.7 06.3 97.1 06.4 96.7 06.6 100.2 05.8 96.3 97.3
West South Central:
Dallas........................ 103.7 102.2 105.0 06.7 92.5 97.3 97.1 90.8 80.5 94.8 94.4 90.6 01.2
Houston.......... .......... 99.0 90,9 103.9 98. 7 07.3 98.6 90.0 05.3 05.7 100.9 08.8 97.7 97.9
Little Rook............... 101.0 102.2 105.8 Uti.2 94.8 95.4 95.2 94.5 02.5 98.7 95.4 95.3 95.3
Now Orleans............. 100.6 100.2 103.4 97.7 98.1 98.0 97.6 97.0 05.1 102.4 98.5 99.8 100.9
Mountain:
B utte----------------— 99.5 101. Q 105.1 OS. 4 96.0 98.8 96.5 95.7 97. r 98.1 94 9 94.6 99.0
Denver..................... 100.4 101.6 106.3 97.1 94.6 95.5 95.0 94.1 04.5 95.7 95.0 93.9 96.2
Salt Lake Oifcy......... 100.4 100.9 105.9 97.0 98.8 96.7 97.8 93.1 97.7 99.4 96.6 94.0 101.0
Pacific:
Los Angeles.............. 100.3 99.9 106.0 07.7 06.2 97.6 100.7 96.4 94.1 99.2 94,6 95.6 97.4
Portland, Oreg......... 96.7 90.8 105,6 99.7 98.3 08.8 99.6 97.6 97.2 101.6 97 0 97.6 99.8
San Fianolsco........... 100.8 ioo. a 104.4 98.5 96.9 99.2 08.6 95.5 93.5 99.0 96,1 95.0 96.7
Seattle----------------- 98.9 100.6 105.5 97.9 97.2 96.8 97.4 96.7 95.9 102.0 96.6 08.7 99.7
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; data published currently in "Retail Prices.”

KETAIL COST OF FOOD 331
N o , 3 7 0 .— Cost o f F ood, Retail—-Indexes, by Commodity G r o u p s : 1929
t o 1910
N o t e .— 1935-39 average= 1 0 0 . See second paragraph of general note, p. 322
YEAR AND MONTH
All
foods
Dorsals
and
bakery Meats
products
Dairy
products
Eggs
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Total Presli Canned Dried
Beverages
Fats
and
oils
Sugar
1929............................. 132.6 107.6 127.1 131.0 143.8 109.0 173.5 124.3 171.0 164.8 127.2 114.3
1930............................. 126.0 104.3 119.1 121.0 121,4 177.6 186.7 118.6 158.7 143.4 119.2 107.4
1931............................. 103.9 91.4 101.1 102.8 95.6 125.7 128.7 103.3 118.7 124.6 96.0 99.1
1932______________ 86.4 82.6 79.3 84.9 82.3 103.5 105.9 91.1 91.2 112.6 71.1 89,6
1933-........................... 84.1 84.7 68.9 82.8 77.9 113.8 118.9 87.0 88.4 102.4 66.4 94.3
1934............................. 93.7 98.3 78.9 90.9 88.6 119.1 122.3 103.9 101.1 107.6 76.4 97.9
1935............................. 100.4 101.8 99.9 97.5 104.2 99.7 08.8 106.2 100.8 104.0 110.3 100.7
Mar, 12................. 99.7 101.1 97.6 100.4 86.7 102.3 100.7 108.5 103.6 108.3 107.4 05.9
June 1 8 -.............. 100.6 100.9 102.2 94.6 94.3 102.9 101.4 108.5 104.2 ' 103.2 110.2 101.0
Sept. 10................ 100.5 101.6 106.1 93.8 113.8 91.9 88.4 104.1 100.2 100.8 117.5 104.1
Doc. 17.................. 102.1 104.2 100.5 100.4 114.0 100.-0 100.2 101.1 91.8 99.4 100.9 104.0
1930............................ 101.3 100.7 98.9 101.6 103.3 104.8 106.2 100.9 96.6 99.4 102.8 09.6
Jan. 14.................. 101.5 102.7 100.7 101.5 104.6 100.4 100.0 101. C 91.4 99.2 107.5 100.9
F e b .11................. 100.1 101.4 98.5 102.6 100.4 98.7 98.0 100. C 00.2 90. C 104.4 99.1
Mar. 10................ 98.5 100.6 97.1 100.3 94.4 07.4 97.3 99.6 89.8 09.5 102.8 08.4
Apr. 21________ 98.4 100.3 98.2 98.3 8 1.4 101.1 102.4 90.2 88.2 99.4 102.1 98.7
May 19................. 98.1 99.7 97.6 9 5.2 84.7 102.7 104.6 98.0 88.2 99.6 101.4 99.2
June 1 6 ................ 101.7 99.4 98.8 96.7 8 9.4 115.8 121.7 98. £ 89.5 98.2 100.2 100.3
July 14.................. 102.0 99.6 100.1 100.5 96.2 112.8 117.5 99. a 91.4 98.3 100.1 100.9
Aug. 18................. 104.0 100.6 100.8 104.9 106.6 110- 7 113.7 101.5 98. S 69.4 101,6 100- 9
Sept. 15................ 104.8 101.1 102.8 106.3 111.5 108.8 110.6 103.3 102.4 99.7 103.1 100. 0
Oct. 13.................. 103.0 101,1 99.2 104.4 119.2 105.0 105.3 103.5 105.3 100.0 103.3 90.0
Nov. 17................. 101.9 100.8 96.5 104.1 128.8 101.6 100.7 102.0 110.6 100.0 103.0 98.0
Dec. 15................. 101.6 100.8 96.0 104.4 122.6 102.1 101.2 102.9 112.9 100.3 104.1 98.0
1937............................. 105.3 103.3 105.8 106.4 101.2 107.9 108.6 103.2 116.0 103.6 105.8 101.2
Jan. 12_________ 103.1 101.4 98.5 105.5 108.6 107.1 107.5 103.3 114.9 101.7 106.5 99.7
Fob. 16................. 103.6 100.9 97.4 105.0 92.3 115.3 118,0 103.4 119.6 102.2 106.8 101.1
Mar. 16................. 105.0 101.8 98.8 106.8 91.4 118.7 122.1 103.9 122.7 102.8 107.0 100.8
Apr. 13.................. 105.1 102.8 101.5 103.6 92.0 116.9 119.7 104. Q 123.1 103.2 107.5 101.3
May 18................. 106.1 104.2 103.5 101.8 87.5 120.5 124.3 104.3 123.3 103.4 106.4 101.4
June 15................ 106.0 104.7 106.3 101.3 88.6 115.9 118.2 104.6 123.3 104.0 107.3 100.5
July 13.................. 106.3 104.9 111.8 102.7 06.1 107.4 107.0 104,9 122.6 104.5 107.5 99.2
Aug. 17................. 106.9 104.7 115.7 103.8 101.8 102.7 101.3 103.6 120.0 104.9 107.9 98.0
Sept. 14................ 107.9 104.2 115.3 106.3 111.5 103.1 102.4 102.9 115.5 104.7 100.2 102.0
Oct. 12.................. 106.5 103.8 112.3 107.8 115.6 98.6 97.2 101.8 107.3 104. 5 105.5 103.6
Nov. 16................. 104.1 103.2 106.3 109.4 120.4 93.6 91.2 101.3 101.4 104.1 102.2 103.2
Dec, 14................. 102.7 102.9 101.6 111.3 109.1 95.4 93.9 100.8 98.0 102.7 98.7 102.7
1938............................. 97.8 99.8 98.9 99.6 100.3 03.2 92.1 97.4 93.3 97.7 93.5 97.9
Jan. 18—........... 99.7 102.5 98.0 106.2 99.6 94.3 92.7 100.4 90.1 100.5 96.2 101.9
Feb. 16.................. 97,3 102.4 94.8 103.8 83.8 93.6 61.9 100.2 94.9 99.3 95.1 102.3
Mar. 15................. 97.5 102.1 97.4 103.2 81.1 92.9 91.1 99.8 93.7 99.0 95.0 101.1
Apr. 12________ 98.4 101.8 99.1 101.4 80.5 97.2 96.0 99.5 93.2 98.3 94.2 99.8
M ay 17................. 97.5 101.4 98.7 98.1 86.9 96.0 95.4 99.3 92.8 97.8 93. 3 98.6
June 14............... 98.2 101.0 100.9 96.6 89.9 97.2 97.1 98.0 92.6 97.4 92.8 97.7
July 12.................. 98.5 100.5 103.0 96.7 90.1 94.6 93.7 98.3 93.5 97.2 03.2 96.8
Aug. 16................. 97.5 100.0 101.8 96.5 102.8 90.3 88.4 97.2 93.8 96.7 93.6 95.8
Sept, 13................ 98.1 97.3 102.2 97.7 110.5 90.4 88.9 95.3 93.8 06.4 93.1 94. S
Oct. 1 8 ............. 97.1 96.4 98.3 97. e 122.4 90.4 89.5 93.8 92.4 96.3 92.6 95.0
Nov. 15................ 96.2 96.0 96.3 97.7 123.8 88.5 87.1 93.4 01.3 96.6 91.9 95.3
Dec. 13................. 97.2 9 5.7 96.0 99.7 120.6 92.0 93.0 92.7 91.1 90.4 90.9 95.7
1939............................. 95.2 94.5 96.6 95.9 91.0 04.5 95.1 92.3 93.3 95.5 87.7 100.6
Jan. 17.................. 95.8 95.3 96.6 98.4 93.8 94.0 94.6 92.5 90.2 96.5 89.8 95.3
Feb. 14.................. 94.8 94.8 97.0 97.4 83.5 93.2 93.7 92.0 90.1 96.3 88.9 94.7
Mar, 14________ 94. e 94.6 97.1 95.7 81.0 94.3 95.2 91.8 89.7 96.2 88.2 94.6
A pr. 18.................. 94.2 94.3 97.8 91.7 78.8 96.3 97.7 92.2 90.2 96.0 87.5 94.7
May 16................. 94.0 94.1 97.6 90.5 78.6 96.0 98.7 91.5 89.3 95,1 86.8 95.0
June 1 3 . . . .......... 93.6 94.1 96.7 90.5 79.2 06.2 97.7 91.5 90.1 95.0 86.3 95.5
July 18.................. 94. a 94.0 97.2 91.8 86.9 95.7 97.1 91.5 90.2 95.0 86.4 95.7
Aug. 15________ 93.5 93.4 95.7 93.1 90.7 92.5 92.8 91.6 00,3 04.0 84.6 95.6
Sept. 19................ 98.4 94.5 101.0 98.2 105.6 94.4 94.6 92.7 98.5 95.1 92.3 119.2
Oet. 17— ............ 97.6 94 9 96.8 100.5 106.5 94.7 94.6 93.2 100.9 96.2 89.0 115.5
Nov. 14................ 96.7 95.0 94.4 101.2 110.7 93.4 93.0 03.3 99.8 95.1 87.5 108.1
Dec. 1 2 ............... 94.9 95.1 91.7 102.2 96.9 91.9 91.1 93.3 100.5 95.0 86.0 103.5
1940:
Jan. 16................ .. 94.8 97.0 91.0 103.3 89.4 92.4 9 1.7 93.3 100.5 04.6 86.2 100.5
Peb. 13.................. 96.6 97.8 90.0 103.9 98.0 99.5 101.1 92.7 101.1 94.5 84.0 09.2
Mar. 1 2 . , .......... 95.6 97.9 91.0 102.3 81.5 99.4 101.0 92.8 101.1 93.9 83.6 98.4
Apr. 16______ 96.2 98.4 93.1 101.0 77.7 101.3 103.4 92.9 100.8 93.7 82.8 97.8
May 14................. 97. C 98.4 94.9 99.1 77.9 104.0 107.8 92.9 100.9 93.3 82.9 97.3
June 18................. 98. a 97.7 96. C 98.2 77.9 110.6 115.7 92.7 100.9 02.8 82.0 97.3
July 1 6 ................ 97.4 97.4 98.0 98.8 87.8 100.4 102.2 92.7 100 9 92.8 82.1 96.1
Sources: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; data published currenty liu “Retail Prices,1

332 p e i o e s
No. 871.—Prices, Average R e ta il, o v P rin c ip a l A rtic le s op Food: 1923
t o 1040
N o t e .—Prices in cents per pound except for milk (cents per quart), eggs and oranges (cents per dozen), and
tomatoes (cents per No. 2 can). Bata are averages of prices as reported by retail dealers in 51 large cities.
Prices for individual cities are combined with the use of population weights
YEAR AND
MONTH
Wheat
flour
Corn
meal
Bread,
white Eountl
steak
Chuck
roast
1923............. 4.7 4.1 8.8 34 3 20.8
1924............. 4.9 4.6 8.9 34 8 21.6
1925............. 6.1 5.4 0.3 36.2 22.8
1920............. 6.0 6,0 9.3 37.1 23.7
1927............. 5.5 5.1 9.2 38.7 25.2
1928............. 5.3 5.3 8.9 43.7 29.0
1929............. 5.1 5.3 8.8 46.0 31.4
1930............. 4.6 5.3 8.6 42.6 28.6
1931............. 3.6 1.5 7.7 35.4 22.7
1932............. 3.2 3.6 7.0 29.7 18.5
1933............. 3.9 3.5 7.1 25.7 16.0
1934............. 4.9 4.4 8.3 28.1 17.5
1935............. 5.0 4.6 8.3 36.0 24.0
1930............. 4.8 4.7 8.2 341 22.3
1937............. 4.8 5.1 8.6 39.1 25.7
Mur. 10... 5.0 5.1 8.2 35.7 23.4
Juna 15—, 4.9 5.3 8.6 39.6 25.9
Sept, 14... 4.7 5.1 8.8 44.0 28.4
Bee. 14-.-. 4.3 4.5 8.8 35.9 24.6
1938............. 4.0 4.2 8.6 34.9 22.8
Mar. 15... 4.2 4.3 8.8 31.9 21.3
June 14.... 4.0 4.2 8.8 36.0 23.2
Sept. 13... 3.7 4.1 8.3 37.0 23.6
Dec. 13—. 3.6 3.9 8.1 35.0 23.2
1939............. 3.8 4 0 7.9 36.0 23.4
Mar. 14... 3.0 3.9 7.9 35.7 23.5
June 13.... 3.6 4,0 7.9 36.2 23.4
Sept.19... 4.0 41 7.8 38.0 24.1
Dec. 12 — 4.3 41 7.8 34.0 22.9
1940:
Mar. 12... 4.5 4.2 8.1 33.7 22.0
June 18—. 4.4 4.2 8,1 36.1 22.7
YEAR AND
MONTH
1923 .................... 13.9 49.9 11.4 49.7
1924 .................... 13.4 51.0 H .l 44.8
1925 .................... 13.9 55.4 .................... 10.8 57.1
1920.......... 14.0 51.9
1927.......... . 14.1 48.7
1928......... 14.2 60.3
1929 .................... 14.4 52.7
1930 .................... 14.1 44.5
1931 .................... 12.6 35.0
1932 .................... 10.7 30.2 6.5 30.2
1933 .................... 10.4 28.8 .................... 6.9 27.3
1934 .................... 11.2 32.5 .................... 6.6 34.1
1935 .................... 11.7 37.6
1930........... 12.0 37.1
1937 .................... 12.5 36.2
Mar. 16.. 12.5 32.9
June 15... 12.2 31.8
Sept. 14.. 12.7 39.8
Dec. 14... 12.9 38.6
1938 .................... 12.5 35.5
Mar. 14..
June 13...
Sept. 19..
Dec. 12—
1940;
Mar. 12..
June 18—
12.9
12.5
Eggs
Mar. 15.. 12.7 28.7
June 14... 12.3 31.8
Sept. 13.. 12.5 41.3
Dec. 13... 12.5 42.8
1939 .................... 12.2 32.1
12.4 28.6
11.5 27.9
12.4 37.4
12.8 34.2
28.0
27.5
10.0
10.2
9.9
9.7
9.1
7.9
6.4
6.4
6.4
6.6
6.4
6.3
6.3
6.2
6.3
6.2
6.0
6,2
6.3
6.3
6.1
6.2
6.4
6.4
6.4
51.0
52.0
58.0
44.7
57.1
35.0
32.0
33.6
38.9
36.4
40.6
46.1
29.4
26.7
24.8
20.8
30.1
26.8
28.9
24.2
28.6
35.5
27.5
26.8
33.2
5.5
5.2
5.2
5.5
5.4
5.1
5.3
5.6
3.8
4.1
4.0
3.0
3.9
4.3
3.7
3.9
4.1
3.1
3.7
3.5
4.4
3.8
2.9
3.0
3.6
3.7
3.5
3.7
3.5
3.9
3.6
Pork
chops
Bacon,
sliced
Ham,
whole
Lamb,
leg
Chickens,
roasting
Butter
30.3 39.7 36.9 35.8 55.8
31.0 38.4 37.2 30.4 62.2
37.0 47.1 38.6 38.0 55.2
39.9 50.8 39.0 40.2 63.6
37.2 47.8 39.1 38.2 56.3
35.2 44.4 39.6 38.9 56.9
37.5 43.9 40! 2 41.2 65.5
36.2 42.5 35.1 36.7 46.4
29.6 36.6 29.9 32.2 35.8
21.5 24.2 23.8 25.6 27.8
19.8 22.6 21.8 21.8 27.8
25.5 29.1 25.2 25.9 31. 5
36.1 41.3 29.7 27.9 30.9 36.0
34.1 40.7 31.7 29.2 32. 5 39.5
36.7 41.3 31.0 30.3 34.1 40.7
33.4 39.7 29.9 28.9 31.3 41.8
38.0 40.5 30.8 31.8 33,3 38.2
41.7 44.5 33.3 31.8 37.3 40.7
31.5 39.8 28. 4 30.0 30.2 45.5
32.9 36.7 .29.0 28.3 34.2 34.7
32.2 37.3 28.3 28.4 35.9 30.9
35.0 36.2 20.1 29.8 30.3 32.2
37.0 37.0 30.4 28.2 32.7 32.8
29.6 35.1 28.3 27.6 30.3 35.8
30.4 31.9 27.5 28.2 30.6 32.5
30.3 34. Q 28.1 27.5 31.5 31.4
29.6 31.2 27.8 30.0 31.5 30.5
35.6 31.8 28.3 29.9 30.8 34.2
25.0 28.7 25.3 26.8 27.5 35.9
24.9 26.9 24.0 27.1 28.8 35.7
26.7 26.1 23.8 30.2 33.4 33.6
Onions
G. 4
5.9
7.0
6.0
6.3
6.2
6.7
5.0
4.3
5.0
3.5
4.4
5.1
3.8
4.1
4.5
4.5
3.8
4.3
4.3
4.6
4.6
3.3
3.9
3.8
4.1
3.9
3.4
3.2
3.8
6.9
3.0
2.8
3.6
4.9
3.8
2.7
3.2
3.6
2.4
1.7
2.3
2.3
1.9
3.2
2.8
3.8
2.9
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.7
1.8
2.2
2.5
2.3
2.7
2.5
2.4
2.6
3.0
Milk,
fresh
(delivered)
Bananas
Oranges
Cabbage
Potatoes
Tomatoes,
canned
12.5
12.8
13.2
11.8
11.9
11.7
12.8
12.1
10.1
9.3
9.1
10.5
10.2
9.5
9.4
9.6
9.6
9.2
9.0
8.9
8.9
9.0
8.8
8.6
8.6
8.5
8.7
8.6
8.7
8.5
8.5
Prunes,
dried
18.7
17.4
17.1
16.8
15.1
13.5
15.3
16.1
11.7
9.2
9,. 5
11.4
11.1
9.9
10.5
10.7
10.7
10.6
9.7
9.1
9.1
9.0
9.1
9.0
8.9
8.9
8.9
8.9
9.0
9.8
Coffee
36.9
42.6
50.4
50.2
47.4
48.2
47.9
39.5
32.8
29.4
26.4
26.9
25.7
24.3
25.5
25.2
25.5
26.0
24.9
23.2
23.5
23.1
22.8
22.8
22.4
22.8
22.3
22.3
22.1
21.7
21.:
Lard
17.5
18.8
23.0
21.7
19.0
18.3
18.1
16.8
13.1
8.7
8.9
11.7
19.5
16.4
17.0
17.5
17.2
17.2
14.7
13.0
13.6
12.7
13.0
12.0
11.0
11.3
10.4
13.2
10.4
9.5
9.2
Cheese
37.4
36.2
37.5
37.6
38.6
40.8
39.5
36.8
29.7
24.4
23.9
25.0
27.0
28.3
29.4
29.6
29.2
29.3
29.7
27.0
28.5
26.7
25.9
25.7
25.3
25.1
24.8
25.4
26.2
26.3
25.3
Sugar
Source. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; data published currently in “ Retail Prices,”
9.0
7.0
6.8
7.2
6.9
6.4
6.1
5.6
5.0
5.3
5.5
5.7
5.6
5.6
5.7
5.6
5. 7
5.6
5.3
5.5
5.3
5.1
5.2
5.4
5.1
5.2
6.4
5.0
5.3
5.2

No. 3 7 2 .— U n it Values, Ann ua l Average, of I mportant D om estic Artic les E x po r t ed: 1911 to 1939
N ote.—T h evaluesotthe goods are required by law to represent their m arket value a t th e p o rt of exportation. T he headnote to table 373 also applies to th istab le
YEAR
ENDED—
B a c o n , h a m s , a n d s b o u l-
1 d e rs , p e r p o u n d |
P o r k , p ic k le d , p e r p o u n d
E g g s , p e r d o z e n
M ilk , c o n d e n se d a n d
e v a p o ra te d , p e r p o u n d
B u t te r , p e r p o u n d
C h e e se , p e r p o u n d
L a r d , p o r p o u n d
S o le le a th e r,b e n d s ,b a c k s ,
a n d sid e s, p e r p o u n d
C o rn , p e r b u s h e l
R y e , p e r b u s h e l
W h e a t, p e r b u sh e l
W h e a t flo u r, p e r b a rre l
O il c a k e a n d oil cak e
m e a l, p e r p o u n d
C o tto n s e e d oil, refin ed ,
p e r p o u n d 1
S u g a r, p e r p o u n d
1
Ih
Q
P.
T o b a c c o , leaf, p e r p o u n d j|
C o tto n , p e r p o u n d 1
BOARDS,
PLANKS, AND
SCANTLINGS,
P E R M F E E T
J u n e 30— C ts. C ts . C ts . C ts . C ts. C ts . C ts . D o ts . DoZs. Dote. Dote. C ts . C ts . C ts . Dote. D o ts . C ts . C ts. D o ts . D ote. D ote. D ote. C ts . C ts . C ts . C ts . C ts. C ts. C ts .
1911 13.3 10.8 50 9 i i . f .5 6 .9 5 .95 4 . 8fi 1.4 7.6 4.1 6 .42 73 1 1.1 14.5 4 .99 2 .4 8 2 .9 8 .5 5 .6 3 .5 2.1 2 .3 12.5
1912_____ 12.1 9 .5 22.0 8 .0 24.1 1 4.2 9 .8 .7 2 .8 7 .9 4 4 .63 1 .4 6 .0 4 .6 6 .65 .5 1 11.5 1 0.2 __ ___ 5 .11 2 .54 3 .3 9 .0 5 .7 3 .4 2 .0 2 .2 13.5
1913.......... 13.1 10. 6 21, 5 8 .7 24.3 17. G 1 7 .2 . 5£ .61 .9 7 4 .67 1.4 6 .6 3.? 6.19 .4 2 11. d 12.(1 ______ ______ 5 .3 0 2 .5 2 3 .9 13.7 6 .3 3 .5 2 .1 2 .1 16.4
1914.......... 13.fi 10.fi 23.1 8 .3 23.8 17.1 11. S .7 5 . 7C .9 5 4.61 1.4 7 .2 3 .6 4.64 .43 12.1 18.8 ____ ______ 5 .27 2 .4 9 4 .7 1 4 .2 6 .4 3 .4 2 .1 2 .1 14.9
1915_____ 13. fl 10.fi 24.1 8 .2 24.3 15.3 11.0 . .8 1 1 .1 7 1 .2fi 5.86 1.4 6. £ 4 .7 4.53 .4 7 12.fi 8 .7 ______ ______ 5 .2 7 2 .5 3 3 .2 1 1.1 6 .0 3 .2 2 .0 2 .2 1 4.2
1916.......... 13. £ 10.6 2 3.2 8 .0 2 6.6 16.7 11.2 __ _ .81 1.06 1.24 5.65 1 .6 8 .5 4.£ 5 .65 .4 7 12.] 12. S ______ ______ b. 2b 2.43 3 .5 1 5 .5 6 .4 3 .6 2.6 2 .9 2 2 .5
1917.......... 17. £ 1 4.8 30.4 9 .7 3 2.6 23.1 17.? 1 .12 1. 6? 1 .9£ 7. SC 1.5 12.5 6 .2 6.53 .4£ 14.7 1 8.2 ______ 5 .56 2.94 4 .1 2 0.7 6 .6 5.4 3 .8 3 .9 2 8 .5
1918.......... 26.7 22.7 37.8 12.9 3 8.6 24.3 25. C 1.84 1 .9£ 2.37 11.11 2 .5 18.2 6 .7 7 .36 .53 24.1 29.4 ______ 6 .1 6 3.89 5 .0 2 1 3 8 .9 10.3 5 .1 5 .1 2 8.1
D e o . 31—
1919.......... 31.5 25.3 48.5 14.3 50.7 37.8 31.2 _____ 1 .66 1.88 2.41 11.0£ 3.5 21.2 7. fi 16. RS .9 8 33. £ 33. £ 39.52 74.96 8 .2 5 4 .6 6 6 .0 24.7 1 2.2 8 .1 5 .3 5 .5 2 1 .8
1920.......... 2 5 .2 19.8 50 fi 15.6 58.0 31.0 23.4 ____ 1.4S 2.14 2. 7S 11.31 3.1 18. £ 10. S 16.72 1.54 52.4 36. C 52.96 120.10 9 .44 8 .8 5 8 .6 2 7.4 15.3 8 .0 5 .7 5 .8 1 9 .6
1921.......... 17. £ 12.8 32.5 12.5 40.8 23.1 13. C ____ .7 2 1.48 1.55 7.01 2. C 9 .f 5 .2 5. I t . 65 39.7 1 6.2 32.26 80.45 19.92 5.94 5 .4 2 4.6 12.5 7 .2 5.(J d. O 1 3 .3
1922.......... 17.3 12.1 26.3 10.0 37.2 24.9 11. S .7(1 .9 7 1.25 5. fid 2.1 11. t 3. fi 5. 25 1.0S 33.1 21.6 31.05 71.00 1(1. 72 5.95 4 .4 2 1.9 9.3 4 .0 3 .3 3 .4 1 3 .6
1923____ 14.4 11.7 27.5 11.3 43.9 26.2 12. f 35. t .8 7 .9 1 1.1? 5.4(1 2 .2 12. ( fi.fi 5 .1 4 1.07 32.] 29.6 40.11 75.53 10. 91 5.46 3 .2 16.3 9 .0 5 .3 4 .0 3 .9 15.1
1924_____ 1 4 .2 11.£ 26.5 10.7 41.5 26.0 13.2 32.1 .9 7 1.1C 1 .4c 5. 7(1 2.1 ll.fi fi.fi 5.30 .8? 29.5 27.7 34.78 71.74 11.17 4. 65 3 .6 14.1 9 .7 5 .4 4 .0 3 .6 1 3.7
1925.......... 20.1 16. (J nn. l 11.7 45.1 26.3 17.1 35.8 1.12 1. SC 1. 72 7.65 2.3 12.1 3 .7 9 .02 • 9£ 32.7 24.5 36.12 71.12 11.19 4. 39 4 .4 15.3 9 .5 5 .1 3 .8 3.4 14.5
1926.......... 21.6 16.5 2 8.8 12.1 46.1 28.6 15.5 38.1 .8 6 1. OS 1.46 7.02 1.5 ll.fi 3 .6 12. 61 .9 2 28.5 17.5 33. IS 70.90 11.42 4.95 4 .4 14.8 10.9 5 .1 3 .4 3.4 14.2
1927.......... 18.4 14.3 27,0 12.3 46.3 30.1 13.5 40.4 .8 5 i.ir 1 .42 6.65 1. £ 10.6 4 .1 9. Sfl . 6C 27.5 17.? 33.01 67.90 11.1)9 4 .4 4 3 .9 11.5 9 .8 5 .1 3 .4 3 .2 13.6
1928.......... 16.5 14.2 30.4 12.2 4 7.7 3 0.7 13.fi 50.7 1.02 1 .2C 1.25 6.23 2.S 11.4 3 .5 8.40 .53 2 6.8 20.4 31.20 63.68 10. 96 4.12 3 .4 10.7 10.2 4 .7 2 .9 3.0 14.8
1929.......... 17 £ 14.3 33.8 12.1 47.0 27.8 12.7 43.8 1.01 1.05 L 2 4 5.91 2 .2 12.3 3.(1 7.98 .5 2 26.2 19.7 32.27 66.45 10.71 4 .22 3 .4 10.6 10.1 4 .9 3 .0 3 .2 1 8.0
1930.......... 17.fi 13.7 27.2 11.5 41.7 25.7 11.4 38.3 .9 4 .88 LOG 5.31 l.£ 9.8 2.4 6.32 .44 2fi.fi 14.4 26.45 62.50 10. 7fi 4.17 3 .2 9 .4 9 .0 6 .0 2 .8 3 .0 1 3.4
1931------- 14. a 10. (J 2 2.7 10.5 32.2 22.4 9. fi 29.1 .6 9 .49 .6 2 3.57 1.2 9.(1 2.1 4.25 .3d 21.fi 9.C 22.91 50.96 10.75 4.01 1 .9 5 .9 6,6 4 .1 2 .4 2.6 9 .4
1932____ 9.7 6 .8 21.7 8 .5 24.4 18.3 5 .8 26.0 .3 6 . 5(J . Revised to exclude haters beginning 1915.
Source: D epartm ent of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; annual report. Foreign Commerce and N avigation of the U nited States, and December
issue of M onthly Sum m ary of Foreign Commerce of th e U nited States.
R o s in , p e r b a rre l c
p o u n d s
S p irits o f tu rp e n tim
g allo n
S o f tw o o d s 3
to
•a oo£t
§
w
A n th r a c ite , p er
to n
COAL
B itu m in o u s , por
to n
P e tro le u m , c ru d e , p e r
g allo n
G a so lin e , n a p h th a , e tc .,
p e r gallon
K e ro s e n e , p e r g allo n
T i n p la te a n d te rn e p la te ,
p e r p o u n d
W ire n a ils , p e r p o u n d
W ire , p e r p o u n d
C o p p e r, re fin e d , p e r
p o u n d
AVERAGE EXPORT VALUES
CO
CO

No. 373.— U n i t V a l u e s , A n n u a l A v e r a g e , o r I m p o r t a n t A r t i c l e s I m p o r t e d : 1909 t o 1939
N o te —The -values are repaired bylaw to represent the values of the goods in (he foreign markets whence exported to the United states. “ Ton" signifies long ton of 2,240 pounds.
The averages are obtained by dividing the total value of imports of the specified article by the total quantity, and as in some commodities there may be considerable variations
in price between different grades, methods of packing, etc., and as the proportions of the grades, etc., may vary from year to year, the averages in such cases may show the actual
price movements only r o u g h l y _________________________________________________________________ ______________________
TEAR
ENDED—
Cheese,
per
pound
flSH, CURED,
PER BARREL
(200 POUNDS)
Herring
Mackerel
HIDES AND
SKINS, PER
POUND
Goat
C attle
Rice,
per
pouud
W heat,
per
bushel
Copra,
per
pound
Flaxseed,
pear
bushel
Cocoa,
per
pound
Coffee,
per
pound
Tea,
per
pound
Cane
sugar,
per
pound
Rubber,
crude,
per
pound
Shellac,
per
pound
TOBACCO, LEAP,
PER POUND
Cigar
wrappers
Other
leal
unman­
Cotton,
ufac­
tured,
per
pound
Jute
and
jute
butts,
per ton
Flax,
per
ton
C en ts D o lla r s D o lla rs C en ts C e n ts C en ts D o lla r s C en ts D o lla r s C en ts C en ts G ents C en ts C e n ts C e n ts D o lla r s C e n ts C e n ts D o lla r s D o O m s
1WI0 10.5 6.80 Id 47 25.0 12.4 2 .7 .8 9 2,8 1.40 11.4 7.5 16.2 2.30 69.8 2 0 .8 .95 55.58 15a 7 46.08 257.57
1910.......... 17.3 6.98 10.43 26.6 117 2.6 .92 3.6 1.71 10.5 7.9 16.0 2 .5 9 100.0 1 3 .2 .98 52.90 18.4 54.71 277.10
1911.......... 17.4 7.24 9.50 25.0 114 2.8 .94 1 1 a 04 10.5 10.3 17.2 2.45 105.8 14.9 1.08 53.62 21.8 72.33 342.47
10X2__ 18.9 7.79 12.19 24.4 15.3 3.4 .82 1 4 1.90 10.9 13.3 18.0 2.81 S4.4 12.2 1.25 5L 17 18.4 71.12 346.65
1913 18.6 8.24 10.07 25.7 17.3 3.7 .70 1 5 1.54 12:4 13.8 18.4 2.18 79.5 13.9 1.29 45.30 18.9 74.01 318.01
1914____ 17.3 7.21 10.98 26.2 18.6 3.2 .89 5.3 L22 1L8 1L1 18.4 2.00 510 16.1 1.28 5a 4 i 15.8 105.38 290.37
1915........ 18.7 6.57 12.27 24.3 18.3 2.4 1.10 3.8 125 11.9 9.5 18.1 3.21 48.3 12,5 1.28 46.39 12.5 56.26 399.60
1916__:_ 23.5 7.86 13.65 27.2 20.3 2.4 1.02 4.1 1.38 14.4 9.6 18-7 3.70 57.9 12.8 1.43 4a 37 17.2 73.07 505.59
1917.......... 30.8 9.44 16.14 52.5 25.9 2.8 1.74 5.1 2.03 11.8 i a i 18.6 433 56.8 23.4 1.34 45.67 27.6 87.45 535.01
1918_____ 41.6 10.44 20.74 47.4 25.3 3.5 2.02 5.5 2.56 10.3 9.0 20.4 4.82 52.1 4L5 1.14 50.48 34.9 92.11 1,037.72
Dec. 31—
35.9 13.65 24.99 71.5 30.8 6.9 1.88 6.4 3.16 14.8 19.5 24.9 5.60 40.3 48.6 1.40 82.61 41.0 134.51 904.21
1Q9fl 35.4 12.49 18.81 l i a s 31.0 10.3 2.10 1 6 3.03 15.8 19.5 27.0 12.56 42.9 80.8 1.80 88.23 46.2 100.93 566.77
1921- . . . 32.3 11.05 15.32 37.8 12.9 3.4 1.54 3.9 1.66 7.6 i a e 18.6 3.94 17.8 48.9 2.00 9L71 23.7 93.08 566.91
31.4 10.18 17.34 40.5 14.5 3.4 1.15 3.7 2.09 9.3 12.9 24.5 2.59 15.1 59.3 2.04 74.39 25.6 107.38 575.03
1923_____ 32.4 9.95 15.91 43.9 16.0 3.3 .99 1 0 2.01 8.2 13,5 28.2 4.93 26.7 59.7 2.35 80.18 26.4 128.33 511.09
lira *___ 29.2 12.09 17.37 39.3 13.1 3.9 1.00 1 4 LSI 7.8 17.6 29.3 4.39 23.7 53.5- 2.56 97.87 SO. 3 114.02 515.19
102ft ... . 27.8 13.30 15.60 '4a 7 16.0 1 3 1.39 5.0 2.40 10.0 22.3 31.2 2. 76 48.4 51.0 2.34 80.27 33.7 100.69 680. 59
26.9 12 09 12.05 44.6 14.7 1 5 1.39 5.1 1.84 10.0 21.6 32.7 2.47 54.6 33.6 2.25 75.88 25.5 215. 06 478. 07
1977 30.7 12,69 13.10 43.6 17.4 1 6 1.31 1 6 1.74 13.4 18.4 31.6 3.06 35.6 41.4 2.15 64.90 22.2 131.52 479.08
1928_____ 30.3 13,15 13.96 46.0 23.1 4.0 L 17 1 5 1.78 12.4 21.3 30.3 2.68 25.0 42.4 2.06 62.02 24.9 129.45 698.47
1979 29.2 12,54 1 5 .4 5 47.4 16.0 1 1 1.11 1 2 1.92 9.8 20.4 28.9 2.14 19.1 38.4 1.84 65.37 23.9 128.35 579.24
193(1 25.7 14.13 12.40 40.7 13.0 3.6 .98 3.7 2.11 3.4 13.1 26.6 1.85 12.9 27.3 1.60 52.99 19.7 107.75 429.26
1931.......... 23.8 12.39 9.30 31.6 8.4 2.9 .64 2.4 .98 5.6 10.0 21.6 1.77 6.6 16.3 1.47 45.92 9.9 69.71 222.45
1932 ... 22.5 9.32 6.66 20.0 5.6 2.6 . 53 1.8 .6 5 , 4.1 9.1 13,1 1.63 3.5 13.3 1.33 39.22 9.9 64.19 216.50
1933.......... 21.9 8.94 8 . 11 21.0 7.8 2.8 . 56 1.4 .98 4.0 7.8 I t'2 1.87 4.9 9.9 1.82 34.11 10.6 56.27 276.17
1934_____ 22.4 10.02 9.82 26.4 7.9 2.9 .78 1.2 1.00 4 4 8.7 •21.3 1.96 9.8 17.7 2.00 39.32 13.4 62.95 374.08
1935-__ - 22.9 10.66 10.56 24.3 8.6 2.7 .78 2.1 .89 4.4 7.8 19.9 2.26 11.4 13.6 2.18 36.65 14.0 72.82 490.07
1930.......... 21.2 9.64 10. 52 28.7 9.9 2.6 .91 2.1 1.15 5.2 7.7 21.7 2.66 14 5 11.7 2.19 38.65 13.2 82.09 442.68
1937___ — 21.1 8.38 12.67 33.0 12.6 3.0 1.12 3.3 1.26 8.5 8.9 22.5 2.60 18.5 10.8 1.97 46.08 12.4 83.69 442.63
1938.......... 21.2 8.74 10. 35 22.6 8.7 3.3 .67 1.8 1.29 4.4 6.9 22.5 2.19 14.1 8.9 2.03 52.70 9.0 84.35 613.35
1939.......... 21.7 9.30 9.45 23.3 9.01 3.0 .56 1.6 1.15 4.2 6.9 21.6 2.15 16.0 8.0 1.67 5L54 8.0 100.90 454.34

YEA R ENDED—
per Hemp,
ton Manila,
per ton
Sisal,
per
ton
W O OL, P E R POUND
Jute
burlaps,per
pound Carpet
Clothing
Combing
Silk,
raw,
per
pound
Boards,
planks,
deals,
per M
feet i
"Wood
pulp,
per ton
PtUpwood,
per
cord
Newsprint
paper,
per
pound
Bituminous
coal,
per ton
Petroleum,
crude,
per
gallon
Bar
iron,
per
pound
Tin
plates,
teraeplates,
per
pound
Copper,
Digs,
ingots,
bars,
per
pound3
Tin,
bars,
blocks,
pigs,
per
pound
Sodium
nitrate,
per ton
Tune 30—
D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s C e n ts C e n ts C e n ts C e n ts D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s C e n ts Dollars C e n ts C e n ts C e n ts C e n ts C e n ts
1909 ____ ... 153.45 115.60 111. 71 5.9 11 21 21 3.38 5.96 18.85
Dollar*
31.47 2.4 2.85
L 8 2.7 13.3 28.54
1910 ... 161.89 112.78 114.44 5.0 13 24 25 3.21 6.39
3a 60
18.37 31.11 2 .1 2.75
1 .8 2 .8 12.5 30.52 3d 65
1911 ... 177.78 116.04 102.72 5.3 13 23 26 3.25 6.40 18.51 28.42 2.2 2.83
2 .0 3.2 11.9 36.67
1912....... ........
31.29
219.75 116.74 103.67 6.6 13 21 24 3.11 6.47 17.46 29.78 2.1 2.85 1.9 2 .0 4.3 12.7 41.56 32 03
1913................ 193.67 171.08 115.71 9.0 14 23 25 3.15 6.71 17.38 32.14 2 .0 2.77 1.5 2 .0 3.4 15.3 4d 30 35.17
1914............... 177.34 196.82 119.98 S. 6 17 25 26 3.42 6.75 19.13 33.49 2.0 2.71 L5 2 .0 3.0 14 4 39 35
1916.............. 217. 73 180,12 11D. 74 7.0 17 23 25 3.00 6.67 18.99 33.82 2.0 2.90 L4 1.9 3.3 13.4 32.44 9ft 34
1916................ 252.45 178.30 112.87 9.0 22 28 29 3. SI 6.51 18.98 33.27 1.9 2.99 L 4 2 .8 7.9 19.5 35.34 29.98
1917................ 258.17 225.03 180.82 10.8 29 36 39 4.61 6.78 2 a 86 60.71 2 .4 3.23 1.4 4.1 10.8 26.1 39.97 35 06
1918................ 403.40 352.99 343.18 13.3 40 54 62 5.25 9.46 25.49 62.66 2.8 4.42 1.3 4.8 8.4 24.5 54.60 43.64
Dec. 31—
1919________ 561.59 280.95 273.65 14.8 38 51 59 7.35 9.99 32.24 65.24 3.5 5.48 L2 5.1 12.4 90 a 56.73 48.00
1920................ 411.75 304.09 185.52 15.6 32 51 58 9.48 13.62 42.31 110.50 4.7 6.06 LS 6.1 14.5 18.6 58.54 47.75
1921................ 255.56 184.71 118.00 8.7 12 22 20 5.71 14.23 34.67 63.30 5.0 6.56 1 3 4.7 1 2 .1 12.6 30.71 48.71
1922________ 232.40 124.89 103.33 9.4 17 25 29 7.21 10.53 29.54 5d 31 3.5 5.92 L3 2.8 5.1 12.5 30.26 48.21
1923................ 288. 61 130. 32 109.19 11.2 21 37 38 7.92 9.95 31.75 60.52 3.7 aos L6 2.6 a 2 14.3 39.56 47.05
1924............ 345.50 175.54 142.98 10.3 24 46 47 6.39 10.24 3a 10 55.71 3.7 a 73 2.3 2.7 6 .8 47 39 47 R1
1925....... ......... 458.87 290. 51 170.79 13.6 30 46 53 6.21 10.20 3a 33 sa 09 3.6 4.90 2.9 2 .0 12.6 12.9 5a 40 47.23
1926............... 373.73 263.92 182.86 13.7 26 35 39 5.91 10.25 28.79 59.01 3.3 4.85 3.1 2.3 6.1 12 fi 60.63 46.79
1927................ 309. 08 255.49 153.32 11.8 26 34 37 5.27 10.32 27.82 57.37 3.3 4.98 3.2 2.0 3.0 11.8 63.30 40.24
1928................ 341.41 202.65 145.10 12.9 25 44 44 4.87 10.45 2a 98 53.27 3.2 4.91 2.7 2.9 7.4 12.4 4a 80 3a 81
1929................ 290.74 186.95 156.58 12.0 27 38 38 4.91 10.81 27.52 52.75 3.0 4.88 2.4 3.0 11.2 i a i 47.06 37.52
1930................ 259.95 138.08 138.50 9.1 20 26 25 3.57 10.76 23.84 49.63 2.9 5.34 2.5 3.3 11.5 13.2 33.31 37.71
1931............... 145.17 95.60 83.44 6.7 12 24 20 2.28 10.97 20.86 42.72 2.7 a52 2.0 2.5 9.7 8.5 24.82 38.34
1932................ 148.38 62.91 50.10 5.0 9 14 15 1.54 8.61 19.29 35.45 2.4 5.34 1.6 2.3 2.9 a 7 21.12 29.19
1933................ 211.00 56.99 56.89 6.1 10 19 18 1.52 7.41 22.03 33.09 1.9 4.63 1.3 2.8 a o a 2 3a 36 19.07
1934................ 254.15 66.31 70.91 7.4 13 24 23 1.27 7.54 2a 39 38.34 1.7 4.52 1 7 3.0 11.3 7.0 sa 02 19.32
1935................ 235. 54 80.52 71.03 7.0 14 23 21 1.42 7.48 24.54 >36.59 1.7 4.07 1.7 2.0 1L7 6.Q 48. 50 2a 32
1936_______ 317.22 144.99 104.45 6.4 18 26 27 1.70 7.84 24.01 3 36.37 1.8 4.25 1.7 2.6 11.9 8.3 44.30 19.39
1937.............. 284.49 177.95 115.06 6.3 27 33 33 1.84 8.14 27.45 3 41.04 1.8 4.04 L 8 3.2 13.0 11.7 52.84 18.53
1938................ 288.26 115.58 88.43 5.6 19 32 30 1.61 8.53 24.65 3 42.55 2.2 4.37 1.7 2 .6 13.1 9.2 40.30 18.59
1939................. 313.88 90.83 | 72.90 6.3 18 25 24 2.34 8.34 26.89 3 37.45 2.2 4.81 1.6 3.7 11.2 9.6 44.95 IS. 55
* Revised to exclude cabinet woods beginning 1939. * Unrefined copper beginning 1916. 3 Beginning 1936, tons of 2,000 pounds, air-dry w eight.
Source: D epartm ent of Commerce, B ureau of Foreign and D omestic Commerce; annual report, Foreign Commerce and N avigation of th e U nited States and Decem ber issue C O
of M onthly Summary of Foreign Commerce of the U nited States. ' C O
C *
average import values

14. WAGES, HOURS OF LABOR, AND EMPLOYMENT
[Bate, in this section relate to continental United States* except as noted, For data relating to hours of labor,
wages, and employment shown in other sections, consult the index]
No. 3 7 4 .—H ouss a n d E a r n i n g s , A v e r a g e , i n S e l e c t e d M a n u f a c t u r i n g
I n d u s t r i e s : 1935 t o 1939
N ote.—The averages in this table are based on monthly data supplied by representative establishments
in the respective industries. As the number of such establishments varies slightly from month to month,
tbo averages for different years are not in all cases strictly comparable; but the reporting “samples" are,
in general, large enough to be representative of the industries. The average weekly earnings do not represent
full-time earnings, inasmuch as the data from which they aro computed cover both full-time and parttime
workers. The average weekly hours and average hourly earnings arc derived from somewhat smaller
samples than the average weekly earnings, and therefore the product obtained by multiplying the hours
by the hourly earnings is not identical with the average weekly earnings
YEAH
Avers
e ,
Averweekly
earnings
A
hours
Average
lourly
earnings
Average
weekly
earnings
Averweekly
hours
weekly
hours
Average
lourly
earnings
Average
weekly
earnings
Average
Average
hourly
earnings
Average
weekly
hours
weekly
earnings
Average
Ayerage
hourly
earnings
All manufacturing
industries
Blast furnaces, steel
works, and rolling
mills
Cast-iron pip®
Hardware
10SC________
1036...............
103?................
1038................
1030................
$20,85
22.00
24,95
22.70
24. 58
36.5
30.1
38.6
35.5
37.6
$0,559
. 564
.834
.639
.644
$23.12
27.37
31.46
23.78
20,92
34.0
40.9
38.7
28.7
35.5
$0.664
.671
.818
.835
.843
$16,40
18.99
21.17
10,16
21.33
31,0
38.2
37.8
32.8
36.4
$0,400
.403
.656
.577
.581
$20.27
22.90
24.69
22.25
25.47
37.1
41.0
38.5
33.6
38.1
$0.640
.562
.641
.002
.668
Steam and hot-water
heating apparatus
and steam fittings
Stoves
Structural and ornamental
metalwork
Agricultural implements
(including
tractors')
1036................
1030________
1937................
1038................
1939................
$21.70
24.25
27.08
23.15
26.19
37.3
41.2
40.0
33.1
37.6
$0. 581
.587
.076
.600
.697
$21.58
24.12
25.02
23.07
25.25
38.1
41.7
30.4
36.0
38.1
$0.660
•.582
.638
.603
.666
$20.68
24,32
28.18
25.08
27.95
35.2
41.7
41.2
36.0
38.6
$0.580
.584
.084
.723
.727
$25.28
25.94
30.60
28.25
29.61
39.4
80.4
30.7
35.8
37.7
$0.046
.061
.773
.791
.780
Electrical machinery,
apparatus,
and supplios
Engines, turbines,
water wheels, and
windmills
Foundry and machine-shop
products
Machine tools
1936 .
1930..............
1937 ..
1938 ..
1039..............
$22.00
24.08
28.05
25.37
28.43
30.8
39.9
39.4
34,2
38.5
$0. 623
.624
.711
.741
.740
$24.40
28,87
30.47
28.31
31.44
37.5
40.6
40.5
30.2
40.0
$0.651
.663
.757
.786
.790
$22.00
25.55
28.51
24.94
27.83
37.8
42.4
41.9
35.0
38.9
$0,599
.601
.680
.711
-716
$25.89
28.40
32.24
26.61
32.25
41.5
44.6
45.1
36.3
42.9
$0,624
.036
.716
.733
.752
Radios and phonographs
Textilo machinery
and parts
Aircraft
Automobiles
1035 ..
1036 ..
1037 ..
1938................
1930................
$19.40
20.10
21.20
21.55
22.34
35.0
37.3
30.3
30.0
38.5
$0. 542
.640
.688
.601
.581
$22.40
24. 55
27.52
23.00
26.19
36.7
41.0
42.4
34.7
39.8
$0. 013
.599
.651
.004
.660
$25.75
26.08
27.83
20.02
30.34
40.9
42.1
42.3
40.1
41.5
$0.650
.632
.666
.728
.745
$27.41
29.75
31.94
30.46
32.90
37.1
38.5
36.9
32.9
35.6
$0.739
,774
.891
.925
.920
Shipbuilding
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and
copper products
Smelting and refining-copper,
lead,
and zinc
1936................ $24, 77 32.8 $0. 750 $21.09
1936 ____________________
27.35 36.7 .760 23.38
1037 .. 30.81 37.1 .811 25,96
1038 .. 30.91 36. B .837 24.67
1930................ 31.91 38.0 .835 26.68
89.0
41.3
40.4
36.3
89.2
$0.542
.566
.043
.679
.680
$22.86
24.75
27.69
24.81
28.57
39.3
41.6
39.6
34.6
39.6
$0.582
.595
.697
. 719
.723
$21.61
23.90
27.91
2G. 15
26.67
38.9
41.5
41.3
38.2
38.2
$0. 550
.578
.676
.685
.099
Stamped and enameled
ware
Lumber—millwork
Lumber—sawmills
Brick, tile, and terra
cotta
1935................
1035................
1937 ..
1933................
1980................
$19.97
22.44
24.29
22.65
23.92
37.4
40.0
38.8
35.0
38.1
$0,534
.558
.025
.620
.627
$17.90
20.16
21.76
21.26
22.17
39.5
43.2
42.0
39.2
41.1
$0.454
.467
.520
.542
.640
$14,41
17.18
18.07
18.01
18.20
37.2
43.1
43.3
40.4
38.4
$0,387
.398
.438
.446
.476
$16.14
18.94
20.88
18.88
20.55
35.8
41.9
40.2
36.1
37.8
$0.450
.453
.519
.523
.543
336

w ages a n d h o u r s oe labor 3 3 7
N o. 3 7 4 .— H otros and E arnings, Average, in Selected M anufacturing
I n d u str ies: 1935 to 1939— Continued
TEAR
Average
weekly
earnings
Average
weekly
hours
Average
hourly
earnings
Average
weekly
hours
weekly
earnings
Average
Average
hourly
earnings
Average
weekly
hours
weekly
earnings
Average
Average
hourly
earnlugs
Average
weekly
hours
weekly
earnings
Average
Average
hourly
earnings
1935................ $19.39 33.9 $0.572
1930................ 22.27 38.5 .579
1937 ... 25.35 38.8 .655
1938 ........................................
25.47 37.1 .687
1939 .. 26.87 38.2 .699
1935 ...
1936 ..
1937 ...
1938 ..
1939 ...
1935 .
1930................
1937 ...
1938 ...
1939 ...
1936-.............. $13.72 35.9 $0.383
1936 . 14.14 36.5 .393
1937 ... 16.76 37.9 .457
1938 ... 15.86 36.0 .454
1939 ........................................
16.77 36.9 .464
1935................
1030...............
1937..............
1038 ...
1039 ...
1935 ...
1936 ...
1937 ...
1938 ...
1939 ...
1935................
1930................
1937................
1938-..............
1939................
1935................
1930................
1937 ...
1938 ..
1939....
$13.06
13.79
14.97
13.35
14.26
Cement Glass Pottery Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods
34.6
37.5
36.2
33.7
36.7
$0.376
.368
.413
.396
.389
Woolen and worsted
goods
$18.13
18.11
19.99
18.53
19.21
36.8
30.2
35.3
34.1
36.4
$0.493
.501
.569
.545
.528
Canning and preserving
$20.57
21.38
23.91
25.08
24. 68
$18.92
19.55
20.57
20.72
21.78
$25.29
26.54
30.13
29.86
31.30
$22.53
23.69
27.10
27.65
28.11
$20. 56
22.35
24.97
23.72
25.32
35.4
36.8
37.1
33.6
35.2
$0.584
.609
.675
.7 07
-721
Dyeing and finishing
textiles
$18.95
20.17
21,23
20.27
20.82
35.4
38.9
37.5
37.2
38.6
$0.533
.517
.561
.541
.535
$19.08
21,22
23.12
21, 67
22.74
$17.30
17.89
18. 87
18.93
18.98
36.3
39.9
39.9
35.0
37.2
Hosiery
34.3
35.5
35.5
34.9
35.6
$0.540
.553
.596
.632
.625
$0. 515
.522
.547
.552
.536
$20. 55
20. 61
21.28
20.00
23.25
$15.55
15.44
16.16
15.32
15.78
36.5
36.7
34.1
31.4
36.1
Silk and rayon
goods
34.8
36.2
35.9
34.9
36.5
Clothing, men’s Leather Beverages
$18.27
18. 39
18.98
17. 35
19.32
$15.98
16.38
17.76
17.88
18.64
30.4
32.2
32.0
29.5
33.2
Confectionery
36.7
39.5
39.3
37.9
38.1
$0.595
.560
.591
.586
.581
$0.436
.418
.454
.476
.492
Sugar, beet Sugar refining, cane
42.1
43.8
42.6
44.0
42.9
Boxes, paper
38.1
40.9
40.4
38.4
40.2
$0.498
.495
.574
.678
.585
$0. 497
. 481
.515
.544
.547
$22.04
22.71
26.18
24.02
23.91
$20. 56
22. 33
24.75
23.57
24.92
38.5
38.8
41.0
39.1
37.6
$0.568
.579
,629
.613
.636
Papor and pulp
38.9
41.6
41.0
38.1
40.3
$0.529
.537
.604
.619
.620
$21.47
21.99
23.90
23.52
24.43
$21.68
23,60
25.59
26.12
25.80
38.2
39.2
38.8
37.3
38.7
Flour
39.4
43.8
44.3
43.7
42.3
$0. 562
.561
.617
.632
.634
$0.548
.036
.571
.593
.605
Chewing and smoking
tobacco and snuff
$15.03
15.81
17. 67
17. 64
17. S3
34.9
36.7
30.2
35.1
34.1
$0.432
.444
.491
.505
.514
Printing and publishing-book
and
job
$27.48 37.4
28,41 38.6
30.05 39.4
29.55 37.5
30.30 38.3
$0.737
.742
.773
.798
.804
Chemicals Fertilizers Paints and varnishes
39.7
40.6
39.9
38.0
40.0
Soap
38.0
39.4
39.8
39.0
39.8
$0. 630
.053
. 755
.780
.784
$0.593
.601
.682
.708
.707
$11.00
12.77
15. 05
14.86
14.71
33.6
38.5
40.1
37.1
35.8
$0.327
.332
.378
.401
.412
Petroleum refining
$27.81
29.36
33.72
34.91
34.97
35.0
35.8
36.0
35.9
36.1
$0.801
.827
. 945
.978
.974
$23.32
25.12
27.59
27.21
28.48
39.8
41.9
41.2
39.1
40.5
$0. 686
.600
.670
.697
.704
Rubber goods, other
than boots, shoes,
tires, and inner
tubes
$19.65
21.39
22.99
21.66
23.34
37.6
40.3
39,1
36.5
38.0
$0.527
.535
.592
.597
.605
$30.04
31.50
33.05
32.95
33.46
39.0
40.5
40.4
39.1
39.0
$0. 564
.563
.622
.638
.044
Slaughtering and
meat packing
$22.84
23.89
27.27
28.10
27.85
40.4
42.2
41.0
41.0
40.6
$0.447
.426
.450
.435
.429
$0.770
.784
.820
.849
.865
$0.559
.565
.665
.688
.686
Cigars and cigarettes
$13.97
14.77
16. 32
16.19
16.69
35.0
35.7
37.2
35.6
35.6
$0.395
.405
.440
.457
.471
Printing and publishin
g -n ew sp ap ers
and periodicals
$33.11
35.15
36.85
37.13
37. 58
36.8
37.0
37.0
36.3
36.1
Rayon and allied
products
$19. 48
20.52
23.70
22. 78
24. 52
37.9
38.6
38.5
35.3
37.9
Rubber tires and
inner tubes
$27.01
30.72
30.08
28.11
33.36
32.3
35.4
31.8
29.6
35.0
$0.892
.922
.962
.987
1.004
$0.514
.532
,617
.645
.646
$0.842
.873
.950
.948
.957
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; monthly figures are published currently in
the Monthly Labor Review and in a pamphlet, "Employment and Pay Rolls.”

3 3 8 WAGES, HOUKS, AND EMPLOYMENT
N o. 3 7 5 . — E a r n in g s, A v e r a g e W m k l y , in M a n u f a c t u r in g I n d u s t r ie s ;
C o st o f L iv in g ; W e e k l y E a r n in g s A d ju s t e d to C o st o f L iv in g — I n d e x e s :
1922 t o 1939
Note —V993-25 average=100. The indexes of average weekly earnings in this table are derived from the
employment and pay-roll indexes shown in table 379. The indexes ot cost ot living aro those shown in table
307, p. 328, converted to a 1923-25 base. The significance of changes in average earnings is affected by such
considerations as labor productivity, labor cost par unit of output, iabor turnover, and wholesale prices.
Suoh qualifying data are embodied in detailed reports of the Burean of Labor Statistics
Y E A R
Average
weekly
earnings
Cost of
living
Weekly
earnings
adjusted
to cost of
living
YEAB
Average
weekly
earnings
Cost of
living
Weekly
earnings
adjusted
to cost of
living
89.5
90.1
99.6
101.3
102.5
102.9
103.8
104.2
96.8
97.2
99.0
99.2
101,8
102,6
100.7
99.5
99.5
96.9
92.1
100.1
100.4
99.5
99.0
102.2
104.3
104.7
99.9
1931........................ 86.8
1932........................ 70.4
1933........................ 68.3
1934........................ 75.3
1935.................... 81.2
1936........................ 86.7
1937........................ 94.4
1938........................ 86.8
1939........................ 93.8
88.2
79.2
75,0
77.7
79.6
80.4
83.4
81.8
80.7
98.4
88.9
91.1
96.9
102.0
107.8
113.2
106.1
116.2
Source: Seeheadnoto,
No. 3 7 6 .'—H ours and E arnings, Average, in Selected N onmanueacttjring
I n d u stries: 1935 to 1939
N ote.—See beadnote, table 374
YEAB
Average
weekly
earnings
Average
weekly
hours
Average
hourly
earnings
Average
weekly
hours
weekly
earnings
Average
Average
hourly
earnings
Average
weekly
hours
weekly
earnings
Average
Average
hourly
earnings
Average
weekly
hours
weekly
earnings
Average
Average
hourly
earnings
1935................ $25.08 31.7 $0.823
1030................ 25.63 30.8 .833
1937 ____________________
25.19 28.8 .873
1938 _
1939 ..
1935 ..
1936 .-
1937 ..
1938 ..
1039................
1935................
1036 ..
1037 ..
1038 ..
1039 ..
Anthracite mining
23.76
25.67
25.3
27.7
,922
.023
Crude petroleum
producing
$28,88
29.03
33.24
34.12
34.09
36.1
38.2
39.7
39.7
38.3
$0.785
.768
.827
.844
.873
Wholesale trade
$26.93
28.53
29.94
29.48
29.85
41.3
42.6
42.8
42.2
41.7
1935................ $13.57 47.8
1930................ 13.07 48.3
1937 .................... 14.78 47.7 —
1938 .. 14,93 40.8
1939 .. 15.25 47.1
$0,648
.667
.098
.700
.715
Bituminous coal
mining
$19.58
22.71
23.84
20.80
23.88
$28.32
29.29
30.61
30.89
31.07
26.4
28.8
27.9
23.5
27.1
Telephone and
telegraph
c)
39.1
39.1
$0.745
.794
.850
.878
.886
w
(0
$0. 797
.800
Retail trade—total
$19.96
20. 68
21.73
21.14
21.17
41.8
43.5
43.3
42.6
42.6
$0.521
.522
.551
.543
.548
Metalliferous mining
$23.33
25.45
30.59
26.67
28.05
38.7
42.0
43.8
39.5
40. Q
$0. 593
.605
.700
.678
.705
Electric light and
power
$31.07
32.22
34.22
34.15
34.38
39.3
40.1
40.3
39.9
39.6
$0,790
.803
.853
.858
.869
Retail trade—general
merchandising
$17.02
17.51
18.49
17.82
17,80
39.0
40.8
39.8
39.4
39.3
$0.466
.460
.503
.481
.480
Hotels (yearround)2 Laundries Dyeing and cleaning
$0.279
.287
.308
.315
.324
$15.65
16.06
16.82
17.15
17.69
40.7
42.5
42.9
42.0
42.7
$0.306
.374
,301
.411
.417
$18.27
18. 65
19.72
19.93
19.96
41.7
42.8
42.7
41.8
41.8
$0.437
.442
.470
.483
.490
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining
$16.68
19.69
22.20
21,0Q
21. Cl
34.9
41.4
41.6
38.6
39.2
$0.475
.475
.533
.543
.550
Street railways and
busses
$28.31
30.03
31.48
32.23
33.13
45.3
46.3
45.9
44.9
45.9
$0.616
.638
.676
.707
.714
Retail trade—other
than general merchandising
$22.47
23.41
24.48
24.03
24.10
42.7
44.4
44.4
43.7
43.7
$0. 538
.541
.567
.562
.670
Private building construction
8
$24.51
27.08
30.24
29.18
30.34
30.1
32.8
33.4
32.1
32.6
$0.815
.824
.903
.908
.932
1 Not available.
* Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
8 Not including projects financed by Public Works Administration, or Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Funds, or regular governmental appropriations.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; monthly figures are published currently in
the Monthly Labor Review and in a pamphlet, “Employment and Pay Rolls,”

WAGES FOR COMMON LABOR 339
No, 377,— W a g e B a t e s — A v e r a g e H o u r l y B a t e s f o r C om m on L a b o r i n
I m p o r t a n t I n d u s t r i e s : 1928 t o 1939
Note—In cents per hour as of July 1 of each year. Figures represent entrance ratos paid unskilled adult
males in important industries employing considerable numbers of common laborers
TEAR
All in ­
dustries
covered
M anufacturing
Public
utilities
Building
construction
i
INDUSTRY
Total
1939
N orth
and
West
South
and
Southwest
Total, 13 industries*.
Manufacturing—Con.
1928.......................... 42.8 40.2 42.9 47.4 43
1929......................... 43.2 40.7 42.8 48.3 52.2 56 3
1930.......................... 42.9 40.5 44.0 47.0 R9„ 7 5Q. n
1931......................... 40.3 38.3 44.6 42.6 36 2 46.5 29. fl
1932......................... 35.6 31.8 41.5 39.9 Foundry and machine-
1933......................... S3.3 30.5 38.7 38.3 49.6 51,6 34 9.
1934......................... 42.0 40.7 41.8 45.5 51.8 59.9 40 8
1935.......................... 43.0 41.5 42.0 48.1 58.3 60 O 44 3
1930.......................... 43.4 42.5 42.9 60.9 47.3 49.0 37 1
1937.......................... 51.4 51.4 46.7 55.3 87.4 Sfl 9
1938.......................... 50.9 50.5 48.0 56.6 57.2 58.6 43 3
1939.......................... 50.0 48.7 48.5 60.1 61.7 53 7 34 9
Total, 20 industries: Paper and pulp................... 47.1 50.5 39.1
1938........................ 50.8 50.4 48.0 56.6 64.2 68.0 67.7
1939.......................... 49.9 48.7 48.6 60.1 Rubber tires and inner
tubes________________ (2) (s)
1930
Soap....... ............................ 55.2 0 (’)
Public utilities................... 48.5 51.3 36.1
N orth Electrio light and power— 47.7 50.1 38.4
Total and Electric street-railway and
W est west
city motorbua operation
and maintenance............ 49.9 52.4 32.1
AU 20 industries........... 49.9 55.7 33.7 M anufactured and nat-
48.7 54.7 33.1 ural gas___ __________ 47.7 51.3 36.2
Automobile parts.............. - 65.8 55.8 Building construction.......... 60.1 67.3 37.7
1Figures through 1635 coyer a small amount of construction outside the building Industry.
* Representative data not available. a Withheld to avoid disclosing plant identity.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; December 1039 Monthly Labor Review.
No. 378.— W a g e R a t e s — H o u r l y R a t e s f o r C om m on L a b o r i n R o a d
B u i l d i n g , b y G e o g r a p h i c D iv is io n s : 1926 t o 1940
[In cents per hour]
YEAR AND MONTH
United
States,
average*
New
England
Middle
Atlantic
South
Atlantic
East
South
Central
West
South
Central
East
North
Central
West
North
Mountain
Central
Pacific
Federal-aid projects:3
1926........................... 38 50, 40 29 25, 27 38 36 43 62
1927.......................... 39 49 47 27 26 30 39 38 46 53
1928........................... 40 60 44 3 20 26 28 39 88 46 53
1920........................... 39 51 43 27 26 81 40 38 46 53
1030.......................... 39 60 42 25 25 28 38 37 47 63
1931........................... 30 46 38 21 20 23 37 86 45 51
1932.......................... 32 36 30 10 19 26 *37 34 44 48
1933 1........................ 35 36 30 23 20 28 41 35 44 52
19341........................ 40 42 41 26 25 33 49 38 60 57
1936 '........................ 43 43 44 26 27 33 51 38 51 67
1030........................... 41 * 44 45 26 30 31 49 41 52 57
1937........................... 41 45 47 26 28 31 66 44 53 61
1938.......................... 4D, 45 50 27 28 37 60 46 55 06
1989........................... 42 48 52 29 29 37 60 46 66 65
1940 (Jan.-Junel... 44 61 64 33 33 39 64 44 66 70
Emergency, Publio
Works, or Works
Programfl projects :7
1933.......................... 37 40 39 24 23 29 40 39 60 52
1934.......................... 42 43 41 31 30 36 50 44 65 58
1936........................... 41 45 43 31 30 36 63 47 56 67
1936........................... 38 *42 49 27 20 29 49 39 52 58
1937.......................... 40 49 50 27 29 80 61 48 52 03
1938.......................... 38 50 52 26 30 31 67 51 60 03
1939'...................... 39 ■ -40 60 28 31 33 es 52 57 66
i Changes in United States wage rates are affected by the relative number of men employed in areas with
higher or lower wage rates.
3 Beginning with March 1932 through December 1935, data from State projects also are included.
1Avorage for 10 months.
* Average for 11 months.
s Federal-aid projects were at a low level for 1633 to 1635 and wage rates are not representative; see data
for emergency, etc., projects. 6 Works Program as such abandoned July 1939.
1Data are based upon the type of project that employed the greatest number of men for the given year,
8 Data not available after 1636.
Source; Federal TYbrfes Agency, Publio Roads Administration; records,

3 4 0 .m dE-s, hoiues, a k b e m pl o y m e n t
No. 8 7 9 .— E m p lo y m h n t a n d P a y R o l l s in M a n 'o t a c t u b i n g I n d t j s t b i b s —-
I n d e x e s , b y M o n t h s : 1922 t o 1940
Note,-“Monthly average, 1028-26=100. Indexes are based on monthly reports from representative establishments
in 00 manufacturing industries. These industries and industry groups are shown in tables
381-3S3. The base used in computing these indexes is the 3-year average, 1023-25, taken as 1QQ. Indexes
are not adjusted for seasonal variation. Indexes in this table and tables 380-383 have been adjusted
to conform with the Federal Biennial Census statistics on factory employment and pay rolls through
the year 1937 and supersede the previously published series. It was not found practicable to follow
some of the modifications made by the 1937 census in industry classifications because comparable data
were not available from the census for the base-period years 1923 and 1925. In such cases the indoxes of
employment and pay rolls between 1935 and 1037, as in earlier revisions, were adjusted to movements of
selected census data on the assumption that such movements would agree closely with those of the fornier
census series. For indexes of employment adjusted for seasonal variations, see table 380
YEAR Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov, Deo. Average
EMPLOYMENT
\ m ..........•.......... 82.4 84.5 85.8 86.7 87.9 80.6 00.5 03.1 05.1 96.6 98.0 00.1 90.7
1923................ m 2 102.4 104.0 106.1 105.2 105,7 104.6 104.8 105.3 104.0 102.8 101.1 103.8
1924.................... 100.1 101. 7 101.9 100.1 96.8 03.8 00.6 02.0 04.2 95.0 94.5 96.1 96.4
1025.................... 90.0 08.3 99,2 90.1 98. G 98.4 08,3 ion. n 101.9 102.6 102.2 101.8 90.8
1926.................... 101.0 102,0 102.5 101.8 100.8 100*8 00.7 101. R 104.0 103.6 101.6 100.3 101.7
1027..................... 98.0 100.2 100.9 100.3 99.6 90.7 08.6 99.0 101.2 100.2 98.0 96.5 99.5
1928................... 95.3 07.2 98.2 97.8 97.8 08-5 98.4 101.1 103.3 103.5 102.6 102.1 99.7
1020..................... 101.7 104.1 105,4 106.7 100. c 100.8 107.3 100.2 110.3 109.0 104.0 100.7 106.0
lUBU._________ 98.2 98.3 97.9 97,3 05.6 93.6 90.4 89,7 90.7 88,7 85.4 82.0 92.4
1931..................... 80.1 80.8 81.2 81.2 89.6 78.8 77.7 77.0 78.3 75.6 72.7 72.0 78.1
1032..................... 70.0 71.2 70.1 87,8 65.2 83.2 61.0 07,7 66.1 67.2 66.3 66.1 66.3
1033..................... 03.3 04.7 62,3 63.6 66.8 71.0 76.2 81.3 85.0 84.6 81.2 79.5 73.4
1034..................... 78.8 83.7 87.2 88.3 89.0 87.8 80.3 87,4 83.5 85.9 84.3 85.6 85.7
1035..................... 80.7 89.0 91.0 91.2 80.0 38.3 88.7 91.7 93.0 95.2 04.6 94.2 91.3
1036..................... 02.3 92.7 93,9 96.5 00.4 07.0 98.4 101,2 103.8 104.9 104.9 100.4 99.0
1937..................... 104.7 107, 6 110.1 111. 3 lll.fi m n 110.9 112,3 112.3 110.3 104.1 97.4 108.6
1038..................... 90.0 01.1 90,6 83.6 86.1 84.3 84.7 88, P 92.0 92.4 93.3 94.0 89.7
1039..................... 02.2 03.6 94,3 94.1 03.0 93.4 93.5 06.3 100.2 103.6 103.8 104.1 90.8
1940_____ _____ 101.4 101.4 100,8 99.0 09.0 99,4
JAY ROLLS
1022..................... 60.0 72.5 74.4 73.0 77.0 80.0 80.2 84.1 87.0 88.7 92.2 94.6 81.2
1023..................... 03.9 07.6 102.6 103.8 107.3 107,2 102.0 103.1 103.8 105.9 103.9 102.7 102.9
1924.................... 98.0 104. 5 104.5 102.0 97.6 91.9 85.3 80,1 92.4 94.8 03.1 97.6 96.0
1925..................... oo.o 101. c 102.8 100.4 101.4 99.2 07.5 100.1 99.4 105.3 105.1 105.6 101.1
1029..................... 101.0 105,7 107.2 104.0 103.6 103.7 09,4 103.3 105.1 108.0 104.3 103.0 104,2
1027.................... 08.0 104.8 100,6 105.0 104. S 103.2 00.1 102.5 102.1 102.7 98.9 100.0 102.4
1028..................... 0(3.0 102. C 103.5 101.3 102.3 102.7 100.2 104.6 106.2 109.5 100.2 106.9 103.5
1020...................... 103.8 110,6 118.0 114.1 114.3 112.7 108.fi m .5 114.4 113.7 104.0 101.2 110.4
1930.................... 90.5 99. C 09.7 08.5 98.1 92. G 85.0 83. i 84.3 82.9 77.3 75.4 89.4
1931..................... 70.3 74.4 75.9 74.7 73. 6 69.0 66.6 66.4 63.8 61.8 58.3 57.8 67.8
1932..................... 64. D • 55.4 53.6 49.6 46,8 43.7 40.4 41.4 44.0 46.8 43.6 42.4 46.7
1033..................... 40.3 41.4 38.3 40.4 44,4 49.1 52.7 58.fi 61.3 61.1 57.3 56.5 5Q.1
1034...................... 5(1.1 62.9 67.2 69. e 69.7 67.4 62.1 65.1 60.8 64.(1 62.5 66.2 64.5
1935..................... 07,5 72.6 74.4 74.fi 71. £ 69. £ 69.1 74. f 76.8 79.5 7a e 80.5 74.1
1930..................... 70.9 70. e 80.5 82.6 84.0 84.2 83.5 87.3 87.2 92.9 94.4 99.2 85.8
1037..................... 04.0 100.1 108.9 109.7 110.1 107, fl 105.2 108.7 104.9 104.9 93.3 84.6 102.5
1938..................... 75.3 77.5 77.6 74.9 73.2 71.1 71.1 77.3 81.6 84.2 84.4 87.1 77.9
1939_____ _____ 83.7 80. C 87.6 85.5 85. C 80.5 84.4 89.7 03.8 101.6 101.0 103.7 90.8
1910.................... 98.3 07.8 98.2 96.3 96.3 97.9
Source! Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Indexes are published currently in a pamphlet
entitled “Employment and Pay Bolls,” and in Monthly Labor Review.
N o. 3 8 0 .— E m p l o y m e n t in M a n u f a c t u r in g I n d u s t r ie s— I n d e x e s A d ju s t e d
f o r Se a s o n a l V a r ia t io n s , b y M o n i e s : 1925 to 1940
N ote.—-Monthly average, 1923-25=100. Indexes are based upon data shown in table 870. For a descrip.
tion of mothods of adjustment see Federal Reserve Bulletin, October 1038, p. 836, and October 1030, p. 878
YEAR Jan. Fell. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug, Sept. Oot. Nov. Dec. Average
1925..................... 08.1 08.6 08,7 09.0 00.0 98.9 90.4 99.7 99.9 10UJ 102.0 102.4 99.8
1026..................... 102.7 102.4 162.0 101.7 101.1 101.3 1M.0 101.5 man 102.0 101.4 101.0 101.7
1927.............. 100.4 100.8 100.4 100.2 100.1 100.1 yy.7 99.6 99.1 08,4 87.9 97.4 99.5
1928..................... 07.3 07.8 07.0 07.7 98.2 98.7 99.2 100.4 100.0 101.7 m2.7 103.3 99.7
1020..................... 104.2 105.0 105.3 106.4 106,6 107.0 108.1 108.4 107.8 106.6 104.4 101.9 106.0
1930..................... 100.6 09.0 07.7 97.0 95.7 93.9 91.2 89.0 87.7 80.7 85.3 83,8 92,4
1931..................... 82.4 81,4 81.1 81.0 80.7 70.2 78.7 77.5 76.0 78.0 72.6 72.4 78.1
1932..................... 71.8 71.4 69.9 67.6 65.3 63.6 61.9 82.4 64,4 65.8 66.2 65.5 89.3
1033..................... 84.9 65.0 02.2 63.8 67.1 72.2 77.4 81.0 82.8 82.9 81.2 80.1 73.4
1034............. ........ 80.7 S3.9 80.0 88.3 89.0 88.3 87.3 86.4 81.3 84.4 84.6 86.4 85.7
1035..................... 88.9 00.0 00.6 00.7 90.0 89.2 110.0 01.0 02.0 63.0 94.2 94.7 01.3
1036..................... 04.6 93.3 93.0 05,1 90.7 97. 0 90.8 100.6 101.6 102.4 104.4 106.9 99.0
1037.................... 107.3 108.4 100.8 111.0 111.8 111.2 112.3 111.7 HO. 3 107.8 103.7 97.9 108.6
1988..................... 93.0 01.9 00.4 88.2 86.4 85.2 86.0 87.0 89.4 00.2 92.8 04.4 89.7
1039..................... 94.6 04.3 04.0 03.8 93.3 94.3 95.3 95.9 97.5 101.2 103.4 104.5 96.8
1040..................... 103.0 102,1 100.4 99.2 99.2 100.2
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; indexes are published currently in Federal
Reserve Bulletin.

e m p l o y m e n t a n d pay rolls 341
No. 381. E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s in M a n u f a c t u r i n g I n d u s t r i e s —
I n d e x e s n o r D u r a b l e - G o o d s a n d N o n d u r a b l e - G o o d s G r o u p s , b y M o n t h s -
1926 t o 1910
N o te.—Monthly average, 1923-25=100. See headnote, table 379
TEAR Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oat. Nov. Dec. Av.
DURABLE-GOODS GROUP i
1920...................... 101.3 102.9 103.9 104.3 103. 7 103.2 101.8 103-0 103.5 103.0 100.8 08.6 102.5
1027.............. -........ 96.0 97.9 99.1 99.3 99.2 98,2 95.8 96,4 95.9 95.2 92.9 91.5 96.5
1928.........1............. 90.3 92.8 94.9 96.1 97.7 98.2 97.4 99.9 101,3 101. G 101.0 100.6 97.7
1829.-................... 101.0 103.fi 105.9 108.0 109.3 109.3 109.2 110.3 109.8 107.7 102.5 97.6 106.2
1930..................— - 94.8 05.3 95.1 94.9 93.8 90.8 86.3 83. 7 82.3 80.9 78.1 75.7 87.6
1931........................ 72.3 72.4 72.5 72.6 71.0 69.8 67.1 65,8 65.0 62.2 60.fi 60.2 67.7
1932........................ 58.1 58.8 57.5 55.5 54.0 62.5 5011 48.9 49.2 49.6 50. C 49. e 52.8
1933........................ 47.7 48.5 46.8 47.9 50.9 55.3 69.8 65.0 68.3 68.0 06.1 65.8 57.5
1934..................— - 65.1 09.4 73.5 76.6 78.3 77.6 75.1 72.9 70.7 69.3 68.8 71.2 72.4
1935........................ 73.5 77.3 79.3 80.2 79.7 77.4 77.3 70.1 79.9 83. £ 85.1 84.7 79.8
1936........................ 83.2 83.0 84.7 87.5 89.6 90.5 91.0 91.3 92.5 96.3 98.3 100.4 90.7
1937........................ 97.9 101.2 104.9 107.4 109.1 107.8 108.2 107.6 106.8 107.2 101.4 02.4 104.3
1938........................ 82.4 80.8 80.0 77.7 75.7 73.1 70.9 72.4 75.9 79.7 82.9 S3.? 77.9
1039......................... 82.3 83.3 84.1 84.8 84.0 84.6 83.0 83.9 89.8 9G.1 98.2 100.0 87.8
m o . . . . ......................... 97.4 96.6 96.4 96.0 96.5 97.0
PAY ROLLS
1926........................ 99.0 100.4 108.6 107.8 106.5 106,1 100.2 104. 7 104.6 108,2 103.0 101,1 104,8
1927........................ 93.6 101.8 104.8 104.6 104.7 101.2 94.8 98.5 96.1 97.7 03.7 94.7 98.9
1928....................... 90.1_98,0 101.0 101.4 103.9 103. II 99.0 104.5 104.8 109.4 106.1 105.8 102.3
1928........................ 102.2 111.6 114.6 117.6 118.7 115.8 109.8 115.4 114.6 113.4 102. fl 97.4 111. 2
1930-....................... 91.0 96.1 96.8 97.0 94.8 90.3 79.1 76.0 75.4 74.4 68.6 66.1 83.8
1931......................... 59.1 03.7 65.2 64.6 63.7 58.7 53.6 52.2 48.8 47.7 45. a 44.9 55. G
1932........................ 40.7 41.8 39.5 36.9 36.8 32.6 29.4 27.9 27.8 20.6 29.5 29. C 33.4
1933______ _____ 27. S 27.8 25.8 27.5 32.0 36.4 39.6 45.2 46.0 46.3 43.6 43.8 36.8
1034...................... 43.1 40.fi 54.8 59.6 OO0i 59.2 51.3 51.7 47.1 48.2 48.1 52.7 52.2
1935....................... 55.1 61.6 63.6 64.9 62.6 00.0 58.2 62.5 04. fi 70.4 71.9 73.5 64.1
1936......................... 69.1 68.1 73.2 78.2 81.0 81.6 78.7 79.8 80.1 RR.fi 92.4 97.3 80.7
1937......................... 90.3 96.8 104.9 112.0 113.3 109.9 106.1 109.2 104.7 107.0 93.8 80.2 102.4
1938..................... - 66.5 66.6 66.8 65.0 63.6 61.1 58.1 63.1 08.1 74.6 77.6 79,6 67.6
1039........................ 76. n 77.7 79.4 70.6 78.3 80.7 76.0 81.5 87.8 90.6 100.9 104.0 85.2
1940........................ 98.2 9G. 7 97.6 97. 2 97.5 100.0
EMPLOYMENT
NONDURABLE-GOODS GROUP >
1926........................ 100,7 101.1 101.2 99.4 98.0 98.5 97.7 100.7 104.4 104.2 1112.4 101.9 100.9
1927........................ 101.1 102.3 102.0 101.2 100.0 101.1 101.2 103.3 106.2 104. a 102.8 101.3 102.3
1923........................ 100.1 101.3 101.3 99.4 98.0 98.7 99.4 102.2 105.1 105.4 104.1 103.6 101.6
1929......................... 102.3 104.3 105. C 105.4 103.9 104.4 105.6 108.2 110.8 110.2 106.6 103.6 105.9
m o .................................. 301.4 101.2 100.5 00.0 97.4 96.3 94.3 95.3 98.6 96.2 02.3 S9.9 96.9
1931......................... 87. 5 88.7 89.5 89.4 88.0 87.4 87.8 89.5 90.9 88.1 84.3 83.2 87.9
1932........................ 81.4 83.0 82.1 79.5 75.0 73.4 71.5 75.9 82.2 83.9 81.8 79.8 79.2
1933......................... 78.1 80.1 77. Q 79.1 82.0 87.1 91.8 97.0 100.8 100.3 95.6 92.5 88.5
1934......................... 91. S 67.2 100.2 100.4 99.3 97.6 97.0 101,2 95.8 101.8 99.0 99.4 98.4
1935......................... 00.3 201.3 102.2 101. 7 99.6 93.6 99.3 103.7 107.2 iini. i 103.7 103.2 102.2
1936......................... 101.0 102,0 102.7 103.0 102,8 103.1 105.4 110.7 114.5 113.1 111.3 112.2 106.8
1937........................ 111. 2 113.7 115.1 115.0 113.8 112.6 113.5 116.8 117.6 113.3 106.7 102.2 112.6
1938......................... 98.5 100. 0 100.7 98.7 96.0 94.9 97.8 104.4 107.3 104.6 103.1 103.8 100.9
1939......................... 101,7 103.5 104. C 103. G 101.6 101.8 103.5 108.1 110.2 110.8 109.2 108.0 105.5
1940., 105. S 1QG. 1 105.1 103. C 101.4 101. 7
PAY ROLLS
1026........................ 103.6 1Q5.0 105.6 101.6 100.2 101.1 98.6 102.8 105.6 107.9 104.9 106.3 103.6
1927......................... 104.3 108.2 108.5 105. 5 104.9 105.4 103.9 107.0 108.8 108.3 104.7 106.0 106.3
1028..................— . 103.8 106.4 106. S 101. 2 100.6 102.3 101.5 104.8 107.7 109.7 106.2 108.2 104.9
1929......................... 105.6 a o . o 111.2 110.3 109.5 109.2 107.2 111.3 114.2 114.0 107.1 105.4 109.6
1930......................... 102.6 103. 5 103.0 100.3 07.6 95.7 91.6 02.6 95.3 02.6 87.0 S5.8 95.6
1931......................... 82.8 86,5 87. a 86.0 84.8 82.4 81.1 82.2 80.6 77.7 72.9 72.3 81.4
1032......................... 68. t 70.6 69.3 63. g 59.1 56.1 52,8 56.4 62.1 63.8 59.4 57.4 61.6
1033......................... 54.6 56.6 52.4 54.8 58.3 63.3 67.3 73.5 78.4 77.7 72.5 70.8 65.0
1934......................... 70.7 77. S 81.2 80.fi 79.5 70.7 75.7 80.2 76.2 81.6 78.5 81.4 78.4
1935......................... 81.3 85. C 86.4 85.4 82.2 80.9 81.2 86.8 90.4 89.6 8 0 , 88.4 85.3
1936......................... 85.7 86.1 88.8 87.4 87.3 87.1 89.0 06.8 95.1 97.8 96.6 101.3 02.5
1937......................... 09.4 103.9 107.0 107.0 106.4 105.1 104.1 108.1 105.1 102.5 92.6 89.4 102.6
1938......................... 85.1 89. 6 89. fi 80.0 84.0 82.3 85.7 93.2 0(i. V 94.9 92.1 95.4 89.6
1939......... ............... 92.4 05.3 96.7 02.2 01.0 93.0 93,7 99.0 100.5 103.9 102.4 102.8 97.0
1940.. 98.4 99 1 99. C 95.4 04. a 95.0
1Iron and steel and their products; machinery; transportation equipment; nonferrous metals and their
products; lumber and allied products; and stone, clay, and glass products.
3Food and kindred products; textiles and their products; paper and printing; chemical, petroleum, and
coal products; leather and its manufactures; rubber products; and tobacco manufactures.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. See source of table 379 regarding current
figures.

3 4 2 wages, h oGb s, Aim employm ent
No. 382.— E m p lo y m e n t a n d P a t R o l l s i n M a n u f a c t u r i n g I n d u s t r i e s - —
I n d e x e s , b y I n d u s t r y G r o u p s : 1921 t o 1940
N o t e ,— M o n th ly a v e ra g e , 1923-25=100. Sea h e a d n o te , ta b le 379
YEAR AND
MONTH
Pay
rolls
Employment
Em-
P a y ­
ment
Pay
rolls
Pay
rolls
Pay
rolls
Pay
rolls
Pay
rolls
Employment
Employmont
Employment
Employment
Employment
Pay
rolls
Food and
kindred
products
Textiles
and their
products
Lumber
and allied
products
Paper and
printing
Chemical,
petroleum,
and coal
products
Rubber
products
Leather and
its manufactures
1921.................. 93.3 93.6 92.6 89.3 70.6 6 9 ,7 8 8 .0 82.5 w 1
(■) 0 1 8 6 . 6 86.5
1 0 2 2 .................. 96.5 91.6 97.3 91.4 9 7,4 8 2 .3 92.2 85.9 0 1 0 1 (') 97.3 9 6.1
1923.................. 101.4 99.8 105.2 105.8 101,5 10Q.0 99.2 96.2 102.9 1 0 2 .2 1 0 2 .6 1 0 1 .0 106.6 106.9
1024.................. 98.3 99.3 94.9 93.8 98.3 08.5 99.7 99.5 96.8 UK. 4 0 1 .8 92.9 96.3 95.3
1925.................. 100.3 100.9 99.9 100.4 1 0 0 .2 101.5 1 0 1 .1 104.3 100.3 101.4 105.6 1(16.1 97.1 97.8
1926............. 99.7 1 0 2 .0 99.9 1 0 0 .2 100.3 102.4 104.1 1 1 0 .8 106.5 108.7 105.1 107.0 9 6.6 98.9
1027.................. 1 0 0 .2 103. Q 104. Q 106.8 93.9 0 6,6 104.1 1 1 1 .0 104.2 107.8 105.7 1 1 0 .0 97.7 100.3
1928.................. 103.8 106.3 101.3 101.7 92.1 94.1 105.0 112.3 103.0 108.0 1 1 1 .1 117.5 9 5 .6 95.8
1929.................. 1 1 1 .1 112.9 104.8 105.2 95.2 97.3 111.3 119.5 115.7 120.9 1 1 1 .0 115.1 98.6 99.0
1930.................. 107.8 108.0 92.9 8 5.6 75.8 72.5 108.0 114.6 109.4 1 1 2 .2 36.9 84.7 9 1.2 82.3
1931.................. 95.0 92.0 87.2 7 5.2 56.0 4 6.2 06.3 97.3 95.4 92.0 73.9 62.6 84.3 72,1
1932.................. 8 8 .6 75.0 77.9 53.6 43.6 26.6 85.5 74.8 85.6 71.7 67.6 4 7.4 81.2 57.6
1933.................. 100.3 78.7 90.5 61.8 49.9 30.3 86.7 68.3 07.1 76.2 79.1 65.0 8 7.2 61.2
1934.................. 119.2 98.1 96.7 73.3 56.6 3 7.4 97.4 80.4 1 1 0 .8 90.9 8 8 .8 69.3 94.0 7 3.2
1935.................. 1 2 0 .1 101.4 103.5 8 3 .2 63.6 45.9 1 0 2 .0 88.4 112.5 9 7.4 85.4 7 4.2 96.1 76.9
1930........... 126.2 1 0 0 .1 107.9 8 7.4 70.9 57.5 107.9 96.6 116.1 105.8 90.4 8 6 . 8 98.6 77,7
1937.................. 133.7 124.0 111.3 94.0 76.3 6 6.9 11K.fi 108.9 127.0 129.6 96.7 95.1 102.7 8 6 . 6
1938.................. 126.9 1 2 0 .2 96.0 76.9 6 2.2 52.7 109.7 1 0 1 .6 112.9 115.9 74.9 6 8 . 1 9 5.4 74.6
1939........... 128.2 122.7 103.0 8 6.4 06.0 69.8 1 1 2 .6 107.1 115.6 123.1 84,0 87.5 97.7 79.4
1940
January___ 119.6 117.0 103.5 8 7.6 67.3 58.8 115.1 1 1 0 .0 1 2 1 .0 131.0 90.0 94.1 9 7.4 8 2.3
February... 1 1A 8 115.5 106.6 9 1.3 66.7 60.0 114.6 108.6 1 2 1 .0 131.4 88.(1 88.4 99. S 82.6
March......... 118.8 117.1 1 0 2 .0 89.6 6 6 . 8 6 1.0 114.4 1 1 0 .0 1 2 2 .8 132.6 8 7.2 88.3 98.2 80.3
April........... 119.7 117.7 08.8 8 L 4 66.9 0 1 .4 113,8 109.7 123.4 133.4 84.7 86.5 9 4 .2 70.7
May............ 121.7 121.5 96.0 77.0 Q8 . 0 6 3.3 115.0 113.1 1 2 0 .8 133.5 83.8 87.1 86.5 63.6
June............ 120.7 129.0 93.7 75.4 68.3 6 3 .6 114.5 112.3 119.0 133.2 83.4 80.4 8 6 . 8 67.0
Stone, clay,
and glass
products
Iron and
steel and
their produ
cts2
Nonferrous
metals and
their products
Machinery,
not incl.
transportation
equipment
Transportation
equipment
Tobacco
manufactures
1921.................. 72.2 66.5 6 6 .6 57.0 « 0) 77.5 0 0 .0 ( 0 (■i 108.3 104.5
1922.................. 85. & 7 2 .6 84.1 70.6 U) ro 81.7 72.2 0 ) (i) 105.8 99.1
1923.................. 100.4 98.3 104.1 103.5 104.8 1 0 2 .8 105.8 104.1 107.6 107.7 105.7 104.1
1924.................. 98. fl 100.5 97.0 96.5 96.8 s a . 3 94. £ 04. £ 93.1 90.8 08.8 99.4
1925.................. 100.7 1 0 1 .2 98.9 100. C 98.4 1 0 0 .8 99.3 1 0 1. c 09.3 101.5 95.5 90.5
1 0 2 0........... .. 103.8 104.2 102.3 104. £ (>i (') 107.4 1 1 1.1 99.1 99.5 90. £ 92.1
1927.................. 99. £ 100.5 97.1 98.5 97. C 1 0 1 .1 102.4 106.2 87. £ 89.8 93.4 91.0
1028.................. 95.7 9 6.2 97.0 1 0 0 .6 (M

EMPLOYMENT AND PAY BOLLS 343
No. 8 8 3 .- —E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y B o lls in M a n u f a c t u r in g I n d u s t r ie s -—
I n d e x e s , b y I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s : 1935 t o 1939
N o t e — Monthly average, 1923-35=100. See headnote, table 379
INDUSTRY GROUP AND
INDUSTRY
EMPLOYMENT
PAY ROLLS
1935 1836 1937 1938 1939 1935 1930 1937 1938 1939
Pood and kindred products... 130.1 126.2 133.7 120.9 138.2 101.4 109.1 124.0 120.2 122.7
Baking........................ 134.4 140.2 147.3 144.1 145.4 113.6 121.3 134.4 132.7 134.6
Beverages............................ 200.0 235.7 209.0 268.1 272.9 215.7 202.4 306.1 303.9 313.1
B utter................................. 90.9 99,3 102.2 98.7 95.4 74.2 77.8 83.1 82.5 80.8
Canning and preserving... 155.0 164.5 186.7 152.6 151.6 118.8 120.7 156.5 123.5 128.2
Confectionery..................... 8 3.4 82.4 86.0 82.8 83.0 72.2 71.3 79.9 76.9 80.0
Flour.................................... 79.0 77.4 78.7 77.3 79.2 66.2 68.5 73.7 72.9 75.4
Ice cream ........................... 74.3 76.6 80.1 77.0 77.3 58.1 59.6 64,7 63.5 64.5
Slaughtering and moat
packing.......................... 92.0 98.4 100.6 97.7 100.5 83.5 91.3 104.3 104.3 106.4
Sugar, beet................. ........ 112.1 110.6 113.7 111.2 113.4 84.3 92.2 105.9 109.4 108.2
Sugar refining, can e.......... 93.7 95.0 95.0 93.4 94.7 71.3 72.4 81.9 79.5 80.5
Textiles and their products__ 103.6 107.9 111. S 96.0 103.0 83.2 87.4 94.0 76.9 88.4
Fabrics— ............................ 95.0 96.9 ioo. a 85.3 63.8 77.9 80.9 8 9.0 70.7 81.3
Carpets and rugs............. 81.5 83.1 90.8 64.3 78.1 62.5 64.3 72.6 46.5 65.4
Cotton goods ................ 83.5 88.8 95.5 81.6 89.1 65.8 74.1 87.0 66.9 78.0
Cotton small wares......... 86.8 86.4 88.1 72.3 84.1 73.4 76.9 80.4 64.7 79.0
Dyeing and finishing
textiles_____________ 118.2 120.2 124.2 114.1 126.0 94.5 100.9 108.1 95.5 107.6
Eats, fur-felt.................... 93.3 99.2 101.4 90.7 88.8 82.0 88.3 88.2 73.2 73.6
Hosiery______________ 139.7 146.6 152.3 146.5 152.0 144.7 150.9 162.4 155.4 160.2
Knitted outerwear_____ 103.7 96.0 85.8 67.4 7.1,5 8 0.4 80.7 70.2 51.3 57.1
Knitted underwear......... 74.0 81.5 85.6 67.3 75.1 61.6 70.6 74.9 65.5 60.8
Knitted doth.................. 176.1 179.5 174.9 129.4 138.9 129.2 140,2 143.8 102.5 113.9
Silk and rayon goods___ 100.2 91.9 93.0 71.6 73.9 73.3 66.5 71.0 51.8
Woolen and worsted
goods......................... 0 0.4 88.1 86.9 70.2 85.6 71.5 69.5 75.2 66.4 71. S
Wearing apparel............. 121.0 130.3 131,4 116.4 119.4 90.7 96.5 98.8 84,4 91.2
Clothing, men’s . . .____ 111.3 116.5 117.5 99.2 105.6 79,7 82.2 86.8 67.2 78.7
Clothing, women's.......... 172.7 191.7 190.1 171.7 170.1 120.8 131.2 131.9 119.3 121.3
Corsets and allied garmentis............................
103.2 102.2 107.1 103.3 112.9 93.8 97.7 103,3 100.8 117.1
M en's furnishings........... 126.1 141.1 147.5 130.9 131.5 113.3 121.8 120.0 112.0 118.1
Millinery......................... 71.6 80.1 83.3 81.4 78.8 58.3 68.8 09.1 66.1 63.0
Shirts and collars............. 113.9 121.1 126.7 115.9 122.0 96.6 101.2 104.2 88.1 102.6
Lumber and allied products.. 83.6 70.0 76.3 63.2 66.9 45.9 57.5 66.9 82.7 59.5
Furniture........................ 75.6 80.8 98.3 79.5 86.9 53.6 67.6 8 1.2 01.8 73.6
Lumber, millwork..... ........ 45.3 54.9 62.7 63.7 69.4 30.2 40.7 48.5 40.6 46.9
Lumber, sawmills_______ 53.4 01.7 67.8 57.1 60.5 39.5 50.5 59.3 4 8.5 53.1
P aper and printing________ 103.0 107.9 110.5 109.7 112.8 88.4 96.6 108.9 101.8 107.1
Boxes, paper................ ...... 9 7.2 104.0 114.0 104.0 114.7 91.0 102.3 118.8 109.3 125.2
Paper and pulp................... 106.3 106.8 114.3 104.3 108.5 86.7 95.6 114.0 100.4 110.3
Printing and publishing:
Book and job................... 95.0 09.7 108.0 90.7 99.6 79.3 8 3.0 91.6 8 4 .4 8 0.4
Newspapers and periodicals...............................
101.6 100.2 115.8 113.8 114.8 9 2.7 100.9 106.6 104.8 107.1
Chemical, petroleum, and
coal products__________ 113.6 116.1 127.0 113.9 116.0 97.4 106.8 129.6 115.9 123.1
Other than petroleum refining______________
110.8 114.7 126.7 110.7 114.4 94.2 103.0 126.9 100.7 110.7
Chemicals...................— 115.5 124.2 138.5 115.4 122.7 102.2 117.0 148.9 124.1 139.8
Cottonseed—oil, cako,
and meal...................... 91.1 91.0 114.2 m . i 93.4 62.8 65.5 90.6 90.1 79.2
Druggists' preparations.. 108. S 106.9 126.0 110.1 111.5 101.4 105.1 120.5 116.5 122.0
Explosives___ ________ 77.8 81.5 01.8 86.0 93.1 67.7 82. G 103.4 93.6 107.2
Fertilizers........................ 94.6 95.1 113.1 101.6 106.1 66.3 70.0 92.9 80.6 84.3
Paints and varnishes___ 116.0 122.7 132.7 117.4 122.0 98.8 111.6 131.2 115.0 126.2
Rayon and allied prod*
uets........................ ...... 316.7 320.0 344.1 284.7 208.5 249.8 260.7 321.7 252.1 285.4
Soap.______ _________ 85.0 8 1.0 80.5 79.0 83.0 78.0 80.5 97.0 92.9 99.7
Petroleum refining______ 119.4 121.8 128.3 122.0 120.4 107.9 115.1 138.2 136.1 134.3
Rubber products................... 86.4 90.4 90.7 74.9 84.6 74.2 86.8 95.1 68.1 87,5
Rubber boots and shoes... 68.6 74.4 7 3.0 54.4 58.6 56.9 65.4 72.1 48.3 58.1
Rubber goods, other than
boots, shoes, tires, and
inner tubes................... 120.6 129.7 144.1 118.2 139.7 99.0 114.5 136.3 105.3 133.9
Tires and inner tubes......... 75.4 78.3 83.5 62.5 68.9 69.8 82.5 86.3 60.0 78.5
Leather and its manufactures. 86.1 98.0 102.7 95.4 97.7 70.9 77.7 85.6 74.0 79.4
Boots and shoes.................. 95.1 06.3 101.4 05.7 96.4 74.1 73.8 82.3 73.1 75.0
Leather............................... 92.9 94.1 92.6 78.1 86.5 81.4 84.9 8 9.6 73.0 84.3
Stone, clay, and glass prod-
66.6 70.3 85.8 71.8 79.4 46.0 61.4 75.5 59.6 69.8
Brick, tile, and terra cotta. 43.7 56.8 63.9 51.8 59.4 27.4 41.3 50.8 37.8 47.1
Cement. ....... ........... ........ 5 6.0 62.2 71.5 04.8 66.7 39.8 50.6 64.9 57.8 62.3
Glass.-.............................. 96.1 101.2 113.2 89.-2 100.1 82.2 93.9 116.9 87.1 103.8
Marble, granite, slate, and
other products________ 3 0.7 4 9 .2 54.3 47.5 50.1 26.8 36.0 40.4 34.3 37.7
Pottery............................. 77.1 8 1.1 88-4 80.6 8 7.6 58.7 67.1 80,1 68.0 78.5

3 4 4 WAGES, HOURS, AND EMPLOYMENT
N o . 3 8 3 . — E m p lo y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s i n M a n u f a c t u r i n g I n d u s t r i e s —
i n d e x e s , b y I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s : 1935 t o 1939— Continued
in d u st r y group and
industry
employment
PAY ROLLS
1935 1936 1937 1938 1039 1985 1936 1937 1938 1939
Iro n and. steel and their produ
c ts, not incl. machinery..
B la s t furnaces, steel -works.
B o lts, nuts, washers, and
r iv e ts ..................................
C a st-iro n pipe................. I_I
C u tlery - (not including
s ilv e r and plated cutlery)”,
87.1 100.4 114.6 85.5 95.9 88.5 87,2 iu .2 68,2 90.9
92.1 107.1 123.5 90.9 102.0 68.7 93.0 122.5 96.8
88.1 101.9 118.6 87.1 101.2 73.8 96.7 121.9 76.4 108.0
60.3 72.1 78.4 68.2 74.0 39.2 55.9 68.4 54.2 65.3
a n d edge tools.............. 81.9 87.8 100.5 84.9 94.7 67.0 76.2
84.5
Jf o rg ln g s, iron aud steel....... 51.5 62.1 76.7 50.9 58.8 42.9 57.6 78.5 44.6 63.5
H a r d w a r e ..-
80, & 87.6 103.3 73.8
p lu m b e r s ' supplies............. 66.6 76.2 83.5 73.1 77l 6 60.0 60.3 71.8 56.3 69.2
s ta m p e d and enameled
w a r e . ..... 150.5 166.0 183.8
, n. r.
S te a m and hot-water heatin
g apparatus and steam
fittin g s........ ..................... 62.7 76.2 91.6 72.4 78.3 45.1 62.5 81.1 54.8
S to v e s ................. ...................
67.0
88.9 100.0 105.9 77.8 86.8 66.9 83.5 90.7 64.3 76.4
S tru c tu ra l and ornamental
1 In c a n s and other tinware.
T o o ls, n o t including edge
tools, machine tools, files,
a n d saw s.......................
W iro w o rk ....................
55.2
91.0
70,4
138.7
68.9
101.5
83.1
160.0
78.6
109.7
98.1
185.8
60.6
93.8
76.6
1.27.8
69.3
97.1
86.4
149.4
36.2
82.9
GO. 6
117.8
52.6
95.0
69.1
110.8
48.9
94.4
101.5
77.7 96.3 6G.5 83.7
N o n fe rro u s metals and their
p ro d u c ts..................... M ft 86.1 108.5 86.4 98.2
102.6
A lu m in u m manufactures.... 125.6 140.0 154.8 124.1 150.5 m s 125.3 161.1 125.2 164.1
B ra ss, bronze, and copper
p ro d u c ts .................. 06.7 110.0 127.6 96.9 113.2 70.0
C lo c k s, watches, and timereco
rd in g devices............. 82.6 94.8 106.4 81.3 85.1 72.5 80.1 109.3 71.7 85.3
78.7 81.9 91.0 84.3
07.9 76.5
L ig h tin g equipment............ 73.6 84.7 96.0 70.1 83.0 57.3 68.9 82.9 51.5
a ilv e rw a ro and plated ware. 60.1 57.8 67.0 62.7 69.7 47.3 4B.9 58.9 51.0 62.6
S m e ltin g and refining—
c o p p e r, lead, and zinc___ 66.2 76.3 87.8 73.8 79.0 50.3 65.7 87.4 69.1 75.1
M a c h in e ry , not including
transportation equipments
A g ric u ltu ra l implements
89. 1 103. S 124.0 90.9 99.1 78.5 93.8 128.2 82.3 99.0
C a sh registers, adding :mac
h in e s, and calculating
118.8 142.7 174.3 126.8 121.8 103.9 135.6 196.8 134.2
116,0 129.4 148.4 136.4 95.4
E le c tric a l machinery, app
a r a tu s , and supplies....... 80.7 91.8 115.7 82.3 90.0 66,6 84.1 119.7 78.0 95.4
E n g in e s, turbines, water
w h e e ls, and windmills— 69. 2 81.2 103.1 86.2 99.1 61.1 79.9 116.7 91.8 117.8
F o u n d r y and machine-shop
78.5
99.5
152. 7
91.1
129.0
173.0
107.8
166.9
164.8
79.2
130.5
100.5
85.4
150.9
133.9
62.6
91.4
117.8
80.3 104.0 79.8
175.6
120.5
A u d io s and phonographs..-
140! 7 142,8 86.6
T e x tile machinery and
62.1 70.1 82.5 62.3 76.7 54.3
72.9
T y p e w rite rs and parts........ 110.0 119.8 J53.2 120.4 125.2 97.0 114.8 151.4 103.3 122.4
T ran sp o rtatio n equipment___ 95. 3 103.2 118.3 74.0 86.4 78.1 93.2 116.1 68.4 95.1
407.2 627.7 858.6 828,7 1325.1 341.3
768.6 1285.9
110 A 113.9 128.3 75,8 97.9 89.5 69.2 97.6
C ars, electric- and steam-
33.9 48.2 63.9 32.0 37.5 25.6 38.4 58.9 26.1 31.8
19.5 27.0 46.3 24.6 23.5 12.8 22.0 47.8 21.1 21.6
82.4 105.5 114.6 100.1 122.7 68.8 97.0 103.6 130.3
Tobacco m anufactures.--....... 05.4 66.0 88.0 85.2 64.6 51.5 54, a 00.9 58.8 59.0
C h e w in g and smoking
03.3
65. G G2.5 63.6 63.1 61.4 60.7 61.6 68.3
C ig ars a n d cigarettes...........
66.4
66.4 66.9 65.3 64.9 50.3 53.8 59.9 57.6 57.9
S ource: D epartm ent of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, See source of table 370 regarding current
figures. * &

E M P L O Y M E N T AND PAY ROLLS 3 4 5
No. 384.-— E m p lo y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s i n M a n u f a c t u r i n g I n d u s t r i e s —
I n d e x e s , f o r S p e c if ie d S t a t e s : 1925 t o 1940
N ote.—Index numbers for New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware, relative to monthly average of the
years 1628-25 as 100; for Massachusetts, New York, Illinois, and Wisconsin, monthly average of the years
1025-27. Reports cover the week ending nearest the 15th of the month, except for New York prior to
1035 which covered the week including the 15th of month. The indexes are not adjusted for seasonal
variation and are unweighted, except for Pennsylvania and Wisconsin as stated in footnotes
TEAR AND
MONTH
1025...............
1926 ... — -
1927 ...........
1928 ...........
1929 ...........
1930— ...........
1031................
1932................
1033 ...........
1034 ...........
1035...............
1036 ...........
1037 ...........
1038 ...........
1030...............
January___
February.
March.........
April............
May.............
June______
July.............
August........
September..
October.......
November-.
D ecem ber..
1040
January___
February.
March.........
April______
May............
Juno.............
Massa-
New
chu- York*
setts 1
EMPLOYMENT
New
Jersey
3
Pennsylvan
ia 3
Delawarenois4
Illi­
Wisconsin
»
Massachusetts
4
PAY ROLLS
New
New Penn­
York*
Jerseyn
ia3
sylva­
Delaware3nois*
Illi­
Wisconsin
3
100.1 101.3 99.1 97.5 98.7 99.8 99.5 99.2 101.8 98.3 101.4 97.9
102.0 101.4 101.7 00.4 103.8 103.1 102.5 102.0 108.1 102.7 105.3 104.2
97.9 97.3 95.0 96.7 101.7 97.1 ___ 98.0 98.8 100.7 97.0 98.1 08.0 ___
91.6 93.4 90.9 92.7 103.7 95.3 93.1 95.4 94.6 93.1 98.2 95.2
94.3 07.9 103.2 98.4 112.2 102.6 106.2 96.5 101.7 107.8 102.1 112.9 101.3 109.7
81.5 86.0 03.9 89.5 103.1 88.4 90.3 70.7 85.6 94.9 85.6 101.4 77.0 83.6
73.5 73.4 78.3 74.6 81.9 71.0 73.8 65.9 67.1 71.2 61.3 73.2 53.8 58.9
59.3 50.2 65.8 64.3 68.0 56.5 59.5 46.4 46.5 50.9 40.8 50.7 34.3 38.2
67.6 61.4 69.2 68.8 75.4 69.6 83.7 49.9 46.4 50.2 43.5 54,1 35.6 41.4
71.8 70.8 83.3 77.0 84.8 70.6 74.1 56.7 56.7 62.5 55.4 04.3 47.1 54.3
76.4 74.4 88.3 80.8 86.0 74.3 80.6 62.3 62.6 70.4 61.5 66.8 54.0 65.3
81.5 79.5 94.6 86.9 94.6 82.4 86.7 71.6 69.7 79.5 73.4 81.4 64.9 77.0
84.4 88.1 103.2 94.6 108.2 93.5 100.7 77.7 83.3 94.0 88.6 100.7 81.6 102.5
72.0 77.0 90.4 76.9 84.8 75.0 83.9 63.0 70.0 79.8 61.9 74.9 61.1 80.4
77.4 84.4 97.9 83.3 93.7 80.5 87.2 71.3 80.0 92.6 75.5 86.1 69.9 89.7
74.0 80.0 92.8 78.6 89.0 75.2 80.0 67,6 74.4 84.7 87.4 81.9 63.2 79.5
76.5 81.9 93.8 80.4 90.5 76.8 82.7 70.1 76.8 86.1 70.0 82.5 65.1 85.7
76.8 82.7 94.2 80,0 91.4 77.8 83.6 70.4 70.4 88.1 71.1 84.7 07.3 80.7
75.1 82.0 93.7 80.3 93.1 77.0 83.7 67.4 76.4 86.0 68.0 86.5 66.2 85.3
73.7 80.4 04.3 79.1 92.8 77.6 84.5 66.2 74.4 87.3 67.0 85.3 06.4 86.3
73.2 80.0 95.4 80.0 90.0 78.1 86.9 06.7 75.9 89.2 70.9 85.0 07.3 89.2
75.3 sn.fl 94.4 81.2 89.0 78.3 80.2 69.3 75,8 87.7 69.7 81.1 60.6 86.0
77.6 84.(1 97.7 82.7 93.7 80.7 90.0 71.8 80.2 91.8 74.5 79.7 70.3 91.6
79.0 87.5 100.1 83.7 90.9 82.3 90.0 73.3 82.4 04.2 74.9 86.7 71.7 90.1
82.5 00.6 105.0 00.0 08.6 86.0 89.4 76.5 87.4 104.3 88.7 92.1 77.9 06.2
82.8 01.3 107.4 91.7 08.2 87.7 92.1 78.0 87.8 106.4 89.7 92.9 77.8 09.4
81.0 91.4 106.2 01.4 98.4 87.8 92.9 78.7 80.3 105.7 90.1 94.9 79.1 100.1
80.8 89.7 103.4 88.0 97.1 86.0 91.0 76.8 86.2 100.0 84.4 91.1 75.7 94.7
80.7 90; G 103.5 88.3 90.1 85.0 89.5 74.4 86.7 100.0 81.8 91.6 75.8 94.7
78.0 91.5 103.7 86.8 90.0 85.4 00,9 73.0 89.2 102.2 80.7 03.9 75.2 96.8
76.3 89.3 103.1 85.3 98.5 84.4 90.0 70.0 85.0 101.8 79.2 93.1 74.2 96.1
74.9 88.4 103.8 84.3 98.0 84.7 90.4 70.3 85.0 103.9 79.0 07.0 74.8 97.9
74.6 88.5 105.6 85.5 100.9 85.5 92.4 70.7 80.3 107.5 82.5 98.6 76.4 00.9
i Compiled by Massachusetts Department of Labor and Industries, based upon monthly returns from
approximately 1,800 manufacturing establishments employing about 60 percent of tho factory wage earners
in the State. Office workers assigned to productive departments arc included, but not executives, salaried
officers, etc. The employment indexes are adjusted to the annual State census of manufactures through „
1936. Pay-roll indexes are based upon a computation of employment times average weekly earnings.
s Compiled by the New York State Department of Labor, based upon monthly reports from approximately
2,412 manufacturing firms who employ about 38 percent of all the factory workers in the State.
Reports cover employees in both office and shop, including foremen. Executives and salesmen are omitted,
and administrative and sales offices located away from the plants are not covered.
s Compiled by the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. For Now Jersey, indexes are based upon
monthly reports to the bank for 1925 and 1926 and since then, to the New Jersey Bureau of Statistics and
Records of the Department of Labor. Current reports aro from about 830 manufacturing plants which
account for approximately 60 percent of all wago earners engaged in manufacturing industries of the State
and 67 percent of the total wage payments. For Pennsylvania, indexes are based upon reports collected
by the bank In cooperation with the TJ. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Pennsylvania Department
of Labor and Industry. Current reports aro from over 2,300 manufacturing plants and represent about
59 percent of the wage earners and 64 percent of the wage payments in the manufacturing industries of the
State. Indexes are weighted according to the relative importance of each industry in tho State totals. For
Delaware indexes arc based upon reports collected by the bank in cooperation with the U. S. Bureau of
Labor Statistics. Current reports are from about 82 manufacturing plants and represent approximately
60 percent of all workers engaged in manufacturing industries of the State and 70 percent of the total wag$
payments. The indexes for the 3 States have been adjusted to conform with the Federal Census of Manufactures
data through 1937 and will he similarly adjusted to subsequent censuses.
1 Compiled by the Illinois Department of Labor, based upon monthly reports from about 2,500 manufacturing
plants covering wago earners (production employees) only. Reports represent approximately 69
percent of all wage owners engaged in manufacturing industries of tbe State and 78 percent of the total
wago payments.
* Compiled by the Industrial Commission of Wisconsin, based on monthly reports (covering manual
employees only) from representative manufacturers who employ about 81 percent of total factory earners
and whoso pay rolls are about 83 percont of total factory pay rolls in the State. Employment and pay-roll
indexes computed for months through July 1937 aro weighted, relatives of totals. Employment and pay
roll indexes for subsequent months and indexes of average weokly earnings for all months are unweighted
relatives. The indexes have boon adjusted to Census data through 1035. Comparable indexes for months
prior to January 1029 aro not available.
267700°—41------ 24

3 4 6 WAGES', HOURS, AND e m plo y m e n t
No. 3 8 5 .— E a r n i n g s , W e e k l y , i n M a n u f a c t u r i n g I n d u s t r i e s — I n d e x e s e o r
S p e c i f i e d S t a t e s : 1926 t o 1940
[Index numbers for Slew Jersey. Pennsylvania, and Delaware, relative to monthly average of the years
1923-25 as 100; for New York, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Massachusetts, monthly average of the years 1626-271
See also headnote, table 384]
YEAR AND MONTH
New
York
Now
Jersey
Massachusetts
Pennsylvania
Delaware
Illinois Wisconsin
1226............................................. 99.4 97.9 100.7 99.6 99.4 98.5
1926............................................. 99.8 100.6 105.9 102 5 101.8 101.1
1927............ _.......................— - 100.8 101.6 109.0 102 ft 103.1
1928 ............................... -......... 101.4 102,0 100.8 103 1 102.6
1920............................................ 103.3 103.9 133.0 106.0 106.7 101.1 103.2
W30............................................. ■96,4 99.6 111.8 98,1 103.2 Q5.& 02.2
1931.......................................... 88.3 91.2 101.7 81.1 93.9 83.2 79.5
1932............................................. 75.0 78.6 88.4 63.0 75.9 66.8 64.0
1933............................................. 73.6 75.4 83.6 65.6 72.6 04.2 64.6
1934................................. -........- 70.0 80.1 80.4 76.6 70.0 72.0 73.2
1935............................................. 85.0 84.1 92,2 82.2 78.5 78.1 80.9
1936............................................. 88.8 87.5 99.2 92.9 85.1 84.8 88.7
1037......................................... - 90.0 94.6 109.4 105.1 91.1 94.7 101.7
1938........................................... - 00.0 01.7 106.7 01.2 8 5 .5 88.4 05.9
1939........................................— 96.8 04.7 114.0 102.6 88.9 94.1 102.8
1039
M a rc h .............................. — 95.4 05.0 112.8 101.2 89.6 93.9 103.7
Ju n e .--...............................— 94.9 03.8 113.0 101.0 91.4 93.4 102.7
September____ ____ _______ 90.7 94.1 113.5 101.6 83.9 94.5 99.1
December___ _____ _______ 100.0 97.7 120.0 111.9 93.3 97.9 107.0
1940
March........................................ 98.6 97.4 118.6 106.3 93.4 95.6 106.6
J u n e ........................................ 98.7 07.5 122.6 108.0 94.6 97.1 108.0
Sources: See footnotes 1 to 6, table 384.
No. 3 8 6 .—E arnings, Average Weekly and H ourly, in 25 M anufacturing
Industries, by Labor Gboups: 1925 to 1939
Nora.—Index numbers based on 1.923 as 100. Data cover a representative number ot plants which employed
1,760,000 workers daring 1030. The earnings are computed by weighting the average earnings in
each industry according to the relative importance oi the industry as revealed by the Federal Biennial
Census of Manufactures for 1923. In addition, each labor group is weighted according to the relative
proportion ot the group in each industry as revealed in the Conference Board's studies during the 3-year
period 1027-20. The pay-roll data are based upon the first lull week in each month, or, if a generally
recognized holiday falls in that week, upon the succeeding week.
YEA It
ALL WAGE EARN­
ERS
Actual
am ount
Index
number
MALE, UN­
SKILLED
Actual
amount
Index
number
MALE, SKILLED
AND SEMISKILLED
Actual
amount
Index
number
Actual
am ount
FEMALE
Index
number
WEEKLY EARNINGS
1925............................................ $27.08 101.8 $22.93 102.9 $31.29 101.6 $17.17 00.6
1926..................................... ......... 27.42 m o 23,21 104.2 31.61 102.6 1 7 .2 7 100.2
1927.............................................. 27.53 103,5 23.54 105.7 31.51 102.3 17.37 100,8
1928............................................... 27.80 1 0 4 .6 23.80 107.2 31.04 103.7 17.15 00.5
1029............- ..................... ......... 28.55 107.3 24.40 109.5 32.60 305.8 17.61 102.1
1930---------------------------------- 25.84 97,1 21.90 98.3 29.17 94.7 15.98 02.7
1931.............................................. 22,02 85.0 19.18 86.1 25.05 81.3 14.69 85.2
1932............................................. 17.05 64.1 14.48 06.0 19.48 63.2 11.73 68,0
1933.............................................. 17.71 06.0 14.91 66.9 20.27 65.8 12.35 71.6
1934_______________________ 20.06 75.4 16.46 73.0 22.45 72.9 14.50 84.1
1935.............................................- 22,23 83.5 18.32 82.2 24.98 81.1 15.37 89.2
1938____ __________________ 24.30 91.7 20.00 89,8 27.58 89.5 16.74 91.3
1937.............................................. 26.80 100.7 22.41 100.6 30.39 98.0 17.02 98.7
1938.............................................. 24.43 91. S 120.67 >02.8 i 27.40 >89.2 16.00 91.0
1930.............................................. 27.04 m . a ’ 23.8 2 i 102.4 «30.6 8 *09.1 17.02 98.7
HOURLY EARNINGS
1925............................................. .561 103.7 .455 102.7 .644 104.0 .380 101.6
1920.............................................. .568 105.0 .461 104,1 .652 105.3 .398 103.9
1927..............: .............................. .576 100.5 .471 106.3 .656 106.0 .398 103.9
1928........................................ .579 107.0 .474 107.0 .659 100.5 .396 103.4
1920................. ............................. .680 m i .486 109.7 .668 107.9 .398 103.9
1930............................................. .589 108.9 .478 107.9 .663 107.1 .395 103.1
1031.................................. ........ .564 104.3 .460 103.8 .634 102.4 .371 06.0
1932......................... ................ .408 82.1 .4 0 0 00.3 .550 00.3 .325 84.9
1933.— ................................... .491 90.8 .401 90.6 .550 88.9 .340 88.8
1934.......................................... .580 107.2 .479 108.1 .643 103.9 .427 111.5
1035.......................................... .5 0 0 110.7 .495 111.7 .665 207.4 .437 114.1
1936......................................... .610 114.4 .601 113.1 .680 111.3 .434 118.3
1937.......................................... .695 128.5 .570 128.7 .777 125,5 .473 123.5
1938.......................................... .716 132.3 ‘ .580 >132.3 >.802 1129.6 .482 125.8
1939.......................................... .720 133.1 >.594 >134,1 K 808 1130.5 .475 124.0
i Not including data for the silk industry.
Source: National Industrial Conference Board (Inc.), New York, N. Y,; monthly figuros aro published
currently in Conference Board Economic Record and Conference Board Management Record,

E m p l o y m e n t a n d p a y b o l l s 3 4 7
No. 3 8 7 .— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o lls in N o n m a n u f a c t u k in g I n d u s t r ie s
a n d B u s in e s s e s — I n d e x e s , b y K in d o f B u s in e s s : 1931 to 1940
________(Monthly average, 1039=100]
YEAR AND
MONTH
em­
employment
PAY
BOLLS
ploy­
ment
PAT
BOLLS
EM­
PLOY­
MENT
EM­
PAY
BOLLS
PLOY­
PAY
EM­
PAY
EM­ EM­
BOLLS
PLOY­ BOLLS
PLOY­
PAY
ROLLS
PLOY­
PAY
MENT MENT MENT MENT
ROLLS
Anthracite
mining'
Bitumi- Metallif- Quarrying Orudo-po- Telephone Electric
nous-coal erous and nonino- troloum and tele- light and
mining > mining tallio mining producing graph > powers
1031 34.3 76.0 88.9 61.2 69.1 44.8 07.4 63.4 66.7 61.7 86.6 93.7 06.4 97.8
1032—............ 68.2 66.0 76.3 41.3 36.5 21.6 49.0 29.1 55.3 44.1 79.1 81.1 82.9 80.6
1033................ 69.5 49.0 79.9 45.4 34.6 20.6 44.9 24.7 62.2 44.1 70.6 68.6 77.3 71.8
1934............... 69.4 69.9 92.3 64.0 41.8 20.7 48.9 29.6 77.7 56.9 70,7 72.2 79.8 76.4
TASK 64.7 52.2 94.9 70.1 47.3 33.9 46.0 30.7 74.9 67.9 70.7 76.6 81.4 81.2
1036-.............. 62.5 49.8 97.5 82.7 60.3 48.4 49.8 38.0 72.9 58.6 73.1 89.5 86.7 80.0
1937................ 60,2 46,9 09.3 88.6 76.3 74.0 61.4 45.4 76.6 68.2 78.9 61.5 92.4 100.6
1038................ 52.3 38.2 86.7 07.9 56.0 50.4 42.3 35.1 72.1 60.6 76.2 94.1 89.5 99.7
1039................ 50.6 39.5 78.6 69.9 02.7 56.0 44.3 38.7 05.8 61.0 75.8 05.6 89.0 100.4
1939
January----- 60.0 38.0 88.7 78.2 62.6 55.3 88.3 30.2 07.0 60.6 76.1 93.9 87.4 97.3
Fobruary.... 52.2 45,2 88.6 81.2 60.9 53.4 37.9 29.7 66.4 62.7 74.3 93.6 86.9 97.7
March------- 61.7 34.2 87.4 77.8 61.0 53.6 40.1 33.1 06.2 61.3 74.4 93.8 87.0 98.2
63.0 43.4 25.9 17.0 61.5 52.6 43.0 35.9 65.8 CO. 8 76.1 94.0 87.7 98.3
62.6 57.0 47.9 20.4 61.9 54.1 45.8 39.7 06.1 61.2 75,8 95.7 88.2 99.9
51.2 36.1 78.3 66.5 61.6 53.8 47.3 41.7 67.0 62.5 76.4 95.7 89.2 101.2
July---------- 44.7 25.2 79.4 04.5 60.4 48.5 47.5 40.9 67.3 01.9 76.6 96.6 90.0 101.1
August____ 48.6 33.8 81.4 74.6 60.4 63.0 48.1 42.0 06.7 62.0 76.6 96.3 90.6 102.2
Septembor— 49.4 40.1 86.4 80.2 62.9 56.1 47.0 42.7 65.0 60.8 76.4 06.0 00.6 102.2
October... . 61.9 62.2 93.0 97.8 65.3 63.4 48.0 45.6 64.3 68.8 76.5 67.2 90.4 102.0
Novem ber.. 51.3 42.0 94.9 06.3 66.5 63.9 47.1 42.0 63.8 59.6 76.1 96.4 90.8 102.5
December—. 61.0 26.6 92.0 84.3 67.3 65.0 44.0 39.2 63.8 50.2 75.8 97.4 90.1 102.4
1040
January___ 61.5 62.5 91.8 87.0 66.4 63.6 37.8 20.6 63.2 58.4 76.1 97.4 89.1 101.6
F obruary... 62.0 32.9 91.7 87.0 60.3 64.2 38.3 30.8 63.0 50.0 76.9 06.0 80.2 102.2
62.6 38.4 89.7 78.3 66.2 63,2 41.0 34.1 63,2 58.4 76.0 98.1 80.3 102.3
61,6 30.3 86.2 72,2 67.7 63.5 44.5 88,1, 03.1 59.0 76.7 98,7 e o . o 103.3
62.2 40.0 85.1 75.3 69.2 65.7 46,0 42.7 63.3 58.7 77.3 98.8 90.6 104.2
A p ril.,-—..
M ay............
June---------- 50.2 40.6 83.8 73.9 70.3 65.4 47.9 43.9 63.8 58.8 77.8 100.0 91.2 104.8
RETAIL TRADE 1
Street
railways
and
bussesa 3
Wholesale
trade *
Total
General
merchandising
Year-round
hotels16
Laundries1
Dyeing and
cleaning >
1931............ 84.5 82.7 85.8 81.9 85.8 80.0 92.1 87.9 86.3 81.4 93.1 88.3 85.6 76.1
1039 75.3 87.2 76.8 64.2 75.1 61.6 82.6 69.7 74.1 00.9 85.4 70.5 79.8 59.3
1033________ 69.7 58.1 76.1 56.8 74.2 56.2 84.2 65.4 7a i 51.0 83.1 60.3 84.4 53.7
1AS4 71.5 61.3 82.8 63.0 81.8 03.7 89.7 73.0 83.2 63.8 87.9 66.0 92.7 62.6
1A3S 70.8 62.7 84.0 66.6 84.4 68.9 89.6 74.6 87.4 68.2 90.1 68.4 97.7 66.3
1036................ 71.6 66.1 80.7 69.4 88.7 74,1 94.8 79.6 90.9 72.7 95.6 76.6 104.4 71.9
1087 72.7 09.0 92.0 76.0 93.1 82.2 69.3 88.3 94.9 80.6 100.6 83.0 107.5 77.6
1938................ 89.8 08.6 88.8 74.7 88.3 78.6 94.0 84.3 92.7 80.3 95.7 80.0 104.3 75.3
1939................ 80.0 69.5 89.2 70.6 80.8 80.8 96.8 80.9 92.0 81.2 95.9 83.1 101.3 73.0
1030
January___ 08.6 70.0 38.3 75.5 85.4 77.6 86.6 80.7 91.8 80.2 93.3 79.6 94.2 65.8
F ebruary... 68.7 63.7 87,9 74.6 84,9 70.5 85.2 78.1 02.0 82.8 92.8 78.6 92.1 63.2
March_____ a n . o 69.3 87.4 74.7 86.9 77.7 89.1 80.3 92.7 81.1 92.9 79.3 95.4 07.7
68.5 08.4 87.3 74.8 88.5 79.6 92.7 83.5 93.2 81.9 93.5 79.9 102.2 73.3
68.9 08.0 87.2 74.9 88.8 79.0 92.8 83.6 93.0 82.4 95. 5 83.9 107.0 83.0
June............. 69.8 70.0 88.1 75.8 89.4 81.1 93.3 85.1 92.8 82.0 98.7 80.0 110.1 84.2
July............. 69.1 69.4 87.9 75.8 87.2 79.5 88.2 81.3 00.3 79.1 100.0 88.0 100.5 77.1
August____ 69.2 69,8 80.0 76.2 80.3 78.0 80.3 78.6 89.8 79.2 99.1 85.0 102.7 73.0
September.. 69.2 09.2 00.5 78.0 00,5 80.0 95.8 85.3 91.3 80.4 97.8 84.5 105.2 78.3
October___ 69.5 71.2 92.4 80.3 91.7 83.2 08.0 88,5 92.9 82.2 96.0 83.9 105.1 77.3
November.. 60.3 60.4 92.1 70.0 93.3 83.0 105.9 02.4 01.8 81.8 05.6 82.9 97.8 70.8
December_ 69.0 69.8 92.2 79.1 104.2 91.8 146.4 125.8 90.8 81.1 05.6 83.7 97.4 09.9
1040
January___ 68.8 69.0 90.0 77.1 87.7 70.9 89.3 82.8 91.3 81.1 96.0 83.4 94.0 65.5
F obruary... 68, 7 71.5 00.2 77.1 87,0 79.1 87.9 80.8 92.1 82.7 95.8 83.1 93.7 04:4
March.......... 68.2 60.6 90.5 77.8 01.1 82.0 96.4 85.9 02.0 81.8 96.2 84.1 66.5 72.7
April............ 68.3 60.2 89.3 77.4 89.8 82.3 92.9 85.0 02.7 88.2 97.2 85.6 104.5 70.0
68.4 69.2 88.9 77.4 01.2 83.4 95.1 86.6 93.4 83.0 09.1 88. 5 108.7 85.4
June............. 68.5 70.5 89.6 78.4 01.9 84.8 06.2 89.3 92.0 82.0 102.1 02.4 112.6 89.6
*Adjusted to census figures through 1835- 1 Adjusted to 1937 census figures for electrical industries,
i Covers stroot railways and trolley and motorbus operations at subsidiary, affiliated, and suooessor
companies.
* Adjusted to 1933 census figures.
• Covers year-round hotels having 25 or more guest rooms. Cash payments only; value of board, room,
and tips cannot be computed.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Indexes aro published currently in the
Monthly Labor Review and in a pamphlet, "Employment and Pay Rolls.”

3 4 8 W A G ES, HOTJBS, AND E M P L O Y M E N T
N o . 3 8 8 .— E m p l o y m e n t , P ay R o l l s, and A v e r a g e W e e k l y W a g e s f o r
P u l l- T im e E m p l o y e e s , b y O c c u p a t io n a l G b o u p s, f o r S p e c i f i e d I n d u s­
t r ie s o r B u s in e s s e s : 1035
N o t e .—Pay-roll figures are in. thousands of dollars, Data are for 1 week in 1085—in general, the week
ended October 26, hut where this period was not representative figures are for 1 week of normal employment.
The figures are summarized from reports secured in connection with the 1035 Census of
Business, and cover only those establishments or concerns which gave detailed information by occupational
groups. For the average number of employees (full-time and part-time) and total pay rolls for 1035,
consult index for references to data for the individual industries and businesses shown elsewhere in this
publioation____________________________ ________________________
INDUSTRY AND OCCUPA­
TIONAL GROUP
Wh o l e s a l e t r a d e
Fall-service and limitedfunction
wholesalers___
Executives and salaried
corporation officers—,...
Offloe and clerical employees...................
—...........
Inside selling employees—
Outside selling employees.
"Warehouse employees___
Other employees...............
Manufacturers1sales branch
ea with stocks................
Executives and salaried
corporation officers.......
Offloe and clerical employees...........................
Inside selling employees__
Outside selling employees.
Warehouse employees.......
Other employees...............
Manufacturers’ sales offices,
without stocks.,,..........
Executives and salaried
corporation officers........
Office and clerical employees............................
Inside selling employees...
Outside selling employees.
Other employees...............
Bulk-tank stations 1...... .......
Executives and salaried
corporation officers........
Office and clerical employees........................
Inside selling employees...
Outside selling employees.
Warehouse employees___
Other employees....... .......
Agents and. brokers.............
Executives and salariod
corporation officers....... .
Office and clerical em-
Inside selling employees...
Outside selling employees.
Warehouse employees..
Othor employees...........
RETAIL TRADE
Total—..........- .......................
Executives and salaried
corporation officers........
Office and clerical employees..............-............
Selling employees.............
Waiters and waitresses__
Other employees...............
OTHER INDUSTRIES
Motorbus transportation_...
Executives.............. ....
Office and clerical_____...
Transportation crew____
Maintenance and service..
Other employees...............
Fulltime
employees
I
Pay
roll
for
week
Avg.
weekly
wage
878,064 20,831 $30.72
57,020
151,418
59, S08
134,305
133,139
141,678
188,677
4,170
64,516
8,160
62,018
31,120
27,975
34,328
4,535
3,735
1,671
6,178
2,789
2,927
7,076
1,582 20.02
346 42.34
3,004 48.93
783 25.17
770 27.51
1,678
78.00
24.67
27.90
38.52
20.95
20.66
37.62
120.70
48.88
1.232 188 162.20
13,843
I , 905
14,754
2,594
65,911
2,395
10,120
2,459
24,539
9,293
17,105
61,378
7,857
23,536
3,850 162
II, 564 976
5,854
8,296
2,641,041
107, 342
217,887
1,230,132
301,106
784, 574
29, 752
998
3,234
17,165
6,252
2,103
436
84
876
94
2,184
147 61.31
314 31.02
78 31.72
900 36.02
250 27.82
481 28.13
38.49
726 92.36
118
164
61,661
5,277 49.16
4,523
24,170
3,489
14,202
31.53
44.00
59.35
36.41
33.14
26.75
42.04
47.06
20.12
19.73
19.56
20.76
19. G5
11.50
18.10
859 28.87
72 71.85
80 24.84
486 28.30
173 27.63
48 22.08
INDUSTRY AND OCCUPA­
TIONAL GROUP
OTHER INDUSTRIES—COn.
Motor trucking for hire........
Executives.......................
Office and clerical............
Warehouse and platform..
Transportation crew.........
Maintenance and service..
Othor employees...........
Publio warehousing........
Executives..................
Office and olerical..........
Warehouse and platform..
Other employees.........
Radio broadcasting stations.
Executives.........................
Supervisors......................
Office and clerical............
Station technicians..........
Station talent:
Artists........................... .
Announcers...................
Other employees.............
Advertising agencies______
Executives and salaried
corporation officers____
Other employees....... .......
Insurance carriers: Home
offices.
Executives and salaried
corporation officers___
Office and clerical employees........................
Other employees...............
Insurance carriers: Branch,
departmental, and managerial
offices_________
Executives and salaried
corporation officers____
Office and clerical employees______________
Direct selling employees_
Other employees...............
Insurance agencies_______
Executives and salaried
corporation officers____
Office and clerical employees-..........................
Direct selling employees—
Other employees...............
Insurance and real estate
offices___ ________
Executives and salaried
corporation officers........
Office and clerical employees..........................
.
Direct selling employees..
Other employees..............
Real estate offices________
Executives and salaried
Fulltime
employees
Pay
roll
for
week
I fftbsl |
-S fe M
97.424 2,467 126.32
4,037 248 61.33
12,072 201 24.14
7,332 168 22.92
60,025 1,648 23.44
4,913 130 27.00
3,045 76 25.07
16,691 449 26.90
1,250 82 65.40
3,023 85 28,06
9,000 195 21.02
3,418 88 25.06
10,287 388 37.72
437 42 96.26
690 43 02.07
2,035 49 24.25
2,360 84 35.43
1,999 82 41.03
1,55Q 45 28.94
1,210 43 35.66
12,619 790 61.14
2,335
10,584
344 147.44
446 42.10
153,106 5,058 33.04
8,741 1,073 122.71
123,625 3,397 27.48
10,345 258 24.99
10,395 331 31.81
127,099 5,079 39.96
2,978 277 92.99
53,476 1,410 26.37
63,151 3,094 49.00
7,497 298 39.69
59,764 1,925 32.21
5,946 479 80.64
34,512 847 24.54
18,547 581 31.34
75S 18 23.15
27,701 728 26.29
4,324 242 56.00
16,18C 313 10.32
a, 382 IS 24.71
81j le 19.06
15, 031 405 20.80
corporation officers....... . 1,794 115 02.31
Office and clerical employees............................
8,152 177 21.00
Direct selling employees.. 4,60 107 23.17
Other employees.............. 48^ 16.25
i Figures do not Include employees of commission bulk-tank stations.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Oensus; Census of Business—Wholesale Distribution,
Vol. V; Retail Distribution. Vol. V; separate reports for specified businesses-

WAGES' AND HOOTS OR LABOR 349
N o . 3 8 9 . — W a g e R a t e s p e b H o u b a n d H o u e s p e b W e e k — I n d e x e s o p
U n io n S c a l e s i n B u il d in g a n d P b in t in g T e a d e s , b y O c c u p a t io n s : 1909
t o 1939
Noth.—D ata for the earlier years cover 39 cities. The coverage was gradually extended until, beginning
with 1938,72 cities were included. Prior to 1938 the figures were based upon the scale prevailing May 15
each year. For 1938 and 1939 the study was made as of June 1. The relative wages aro percentages which
indicate the change in wages per hour. The relative hours are percentages showing the change in the
regular full-time hours per week, account not being taken of loss of time from slack work or other causes,
nor of overtime work
[Rates and hours for 1929=100]
TEAR
Wage
rates
1000_____ 35.1
1010........ 36.5
1011,.
37.1
1012____ 37.9
1913___" ~ * 38.8
1014_____ 39.6
1016____ 39.0
ioie____" ‘ 41.2
1017.. . 43.8
1018
48.6
1010
55.7
1920............ 75.2
1021........ 76.0
1922,............... 71.8
1023 .................... 79.4
Hours
101.8
101.0
1024 .................... 85.7 101.9
1025 .................... 80.0 101.0
1920............... 94.8 101.7
1027........ 98.1 101.5
1928............... 98.7 100.9
1029 . 100.0 m o
1030 .................... 104.2 97.2
1031 .
1932 .
1933 ..
1034...............
1936.
1930.
1937
1938.. .
1030............... '
All building
trades
80.3
86.8
87.4
88.4
91.6
08.0
106.7
107.4
106.8
105.5
105.1
104.8
104.6
104.2
104.1
103.7
103.5
102.9
102.4
101,0
101.8
06. Q
94.3
94.0
00.5
80.8
89.8
00.2
88.7
88.5
Elevator
constructors
*Wage
rates
Honrs
35.5
37.0
37.6
38.5
39.4
40.3
40.6
42.0
44.3
49.0
56.0
74.9
76.3
71.9
79.2
85.6
88.8
94.7
97.9
98.7
100.0
104.1
104.5
89.3
86.9
87.4
88.4
91.3
97.6
106.1
100.8
100.4
105.2
104.8
104.5
104.2
103.9
103.8
103.4
103.2
102.6
102.2
101.7
101.6
101.7
101.8
101,8
101.8
101.6
101.4
100.7
100.0
07.1
95.8
94.1
93.8
90.3
89.6
89.0
90.0
88.4
88.3
Engineers
(portable
and
hoisting)
1909.
1010...............
1911............... -
1912__ 41.8
1913...............
43.0
1014__ 41.8 102.7 43.0
1915............... 42.1 102.2 43.0
1016............... 43.1 102.1 44.1
1917 .. 46.2 101.6 40.0
1918 .. 40.2 101.6 53.2
100.8
1919 ........................................ 57.3 100.9 53.3 " 100.3
1920 .. 73.0 100.8 75.5 99.8
1021............... 77.4 100.7 70.7 69.4
1922............... 72.4 100.4 72.2 99.1
1023 .. 70.9 100.5 70.8 98.7
1024 .. 86.3 100.5 84.8 98.7
1926 ..“ 90.5 100.4 88.5 99.0
1925............... 95.3 100.4 93.4 99.2
1927 _____ 98.8 100.4 06.4 100.8
1028
09.8 100.4 100.4 99.7
1929
100.0 100.0 100.0
1930 ........................................
104.7 96.8 107.7
1931 ............... 105.2 95.0 107.7
1932
97.9 05.0 100.7
1933
91.0 93.0 99.6
1034
01.2 92.2 101.4
1036............... 01.3 91.0 103.1
1930.... . . ' 92.4 92.6 104.2
1937..............."" 96.0 92.4 112.6
1938............... 107.7 91.7 116.0
1930............. ” 100.5 89.5 117.4
Wage
rates
Hours
Asbestos
workers
40.0
42.1
47.1
57.3
74.5
75.5
70.3
72.9
81.4
84.6
90.5
95.0
95.6
100.0
105.8
106.8
89.0
88.7
88.6
89.8
93.4
100.6
110.3
110.8
Wage
rates
1Hours
Wage
rates
Hours
1Wage
rates
BUILDING TRADES—JOURNEYMEN
103.0
102.6
102.0
101.0
100.9
101.1
101.1
100.9
101.0
101.0
101.0
100.9
100.9
100.0
96.3
94.0
92.8
91.8
91.7
91.0
91.3
91.0
89.5
89.6
All
journeymen
Bricklayers
30.7
40.4
40.4
41.0
41.7
42.8
42.9
43.3
44.8
48.1
53.4
72.8
72.3
70.4
79.7
84.3
89.2
94.7
97.0
07.8
100.0
102.4
102.2
87.5
85.2
84.5
84.2
84.7
90.0
100.1
100.6
107.3
105.3
104.9
104.9
104.7
104.2
104.1
103.9
103.6
103.6
103.4
103.3
103.3
103.3
103.3
103.2
103.1
103.2
102.7
102.7
100.0
97.0
96.1
93.9
94.9
93.3
03.2
93.2
94.1
91.0
91.1
Carpenters
35.9
37.6
38.1
38.9
39.5
40.1
40.6
41.8
45.5
50.6
58.2
77.8
78.4
72.7
81.0
86.7
8 8.5
95.0
08.1
98.4
100.0
104.0
104.2
85.4
85.2
86.7
87.8
92.3
98.3
107.1
107.3
104.4
103.1
102.6
102.6
102.4
102.0
102.0
102.0
102.0
100.9
100.3
'100.4
100.3
100.4
100.7
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.0
100.0
96.0
95.4
93.0
91.6
90.8
90.4
90.5
90.3
88.6
88.6
BUILDING TRADES—JOURNEYMEN—C o n tin u ed
105.6
104.1
104.0
103.5
103.1
102.4
100.0
95.1
93.7
92.6
91.7
80.7
89.2
80.7
89.5
80.3
89.2
Glaziers
45.9
49.1
71.0
72.2
72.4
70.7
80.9
90.0
91.2
97.4
98.5
100.0
104.0
105.3
88.2
88.0
98.2
94.1
95.5
104.0
112.2
113.0
101,6
101.6
101.2
101.6
101.7
101.2
101.2
100.8
101.2
101.5
101.1
100.0
96.8
95.1
92.9
92.9
88.1
87.5
87.8
87.9
80.3
86.1
Granite
c u tte rs
37.4
87.0
87.7
38.1
40.1
40.3
40.6
42.2
43.8
52.2
61.7
70.0
83.7
83.6
85.1
85.8
86.8
97.7
97.1
98.2
100.0
105.1
105.2
94.2
90.7
90.6
00.5
90.5
91.0
90.3
97.7
102.3
101.9
101.6
101.2
100.0
100.4
100.4
100.3
100.3
100.3
100.3
100.3
100.1
99.3
09.0
100.2
100.3
100.1
100.3
100.3
100.0
96.2
94.4
04.8
93.6
92.1
92.1
01.5
91.0
85.3
86.3
Lathers
36.4
40.3
41.0
41.5
42.7
44.4
47.9
53.3
76.0
77.2
72.5
80.1
86.4
94.2
90.6
100.5
100.8
100.0
104.3
103.7
93.1
89.7
92.1
93.1
95.5
101.8
112.7
116.4
104.0
104.0
104.0
103.5
103.5
103.0
103.0
102.7
102.1
101.9
102.0
102.3
102.1
101.8
101.5
101.0
100.5
100,0
94.3
93.8
93.3
92.9
87.5
87.4
80.5
87.7
86.1
85.4
Hours
Cement
finishers
39.6
40.0
41.5
41.5
42.5
42.9
43.3
43.7
46.2
51.0
57.2
77.7
80.3
74.5
81.6
90.1
00.0
90.7
101.0
100.0
100.0
106.6
107.0
93.4
91.2
92.1
92.6
95.0
101.9
111.3
111.7
Marble
setters
39.0
39.5
39.9
40.1
42.7
43.2
43.6
43.8
43.8
46.1
51.2
67.7
68.8
67.4
76.2
79.7
81.4
91.0
92.9
93.4
100.0
100.3
100.8
92.3
89.2
88.8
89.4
89.9
95.1
103.2
103.fi
108.9
108.7
107.7
107.7
106.5
105.8
105.8
104.2
103.0
102.6
101.7
101.2
101.2
101.1
101.1
101.1
100.8
100.8
100.6
99.9
100.0
06.1
95.0
93.9
95.7
92.2
92.0
91.6
91.7
88.9
88.9
101.5
101.8
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.7
100.7
100.6
100.4
100.4
100.0
100.0
100.1
100.1
m i
100.1
100.1
100.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
94.7
93.0
92.0
91.9
90.9
90.9
90.8
90.8
90.8
00.8
1Wage
rates
Hours
Electricians
(inside
wiremen)
35.3
36.3
30.7
37.1
37.9
39.1
39.9
40.7
43.3
48.2
65.2
72.8
75.4
71.1
73.8
82.4
80.7
91.3
95.1
96.0
100.0
101.8
103.2
98.5
89.0
00.1
04.4
06.0
101.1
111.4
112.0
108.8
108.2
108.0
107.6
107.2
106.8
106.2
105.3
104.9
104.2
103.3
103.0
103.0
103.0
103.0
102.9
102.0
102.9
102.9
102.4
100.0
97.6
96.6
94.3
94.3
88.7
85.1
85.4
89.6
80.1
88.8
Mosaic and
terrazzo
workers
37.7
30.7
42.9
40.1
68.2
69.4
67.4
69.0
81.6
85.7
87.5
91.1
95.8
100.0
104.7
105.6
97.2
89.5
90.8
90.8
91.1
95.4
106.0
107.5
103.0
103.9
100.2
100.2
100.2
100,2
100.2
100.2
100.8
100.2
100.2
99.9
99.9
100.0
94.5
93.0
89.8
01.0
90.9
90.3
89.4
90.0
87.7
87.7

3 5 0 WAGES, HOURS, AND EMPLOYMENT
No. 389.— W a g e R a t e s p e r H o u r a n d H o u r s p e e W e e k — I n d e x e s op
U n io n S c a l e s in B u i l d i n g a n d P r i n t i n g T r a d e s , b y O c c u p a ti o n s : 1909
t o 1939— Continued
[Rates and hours for 1029=100]

W AGES' AND HOURS: OR LABOR 3 5 1
N o . 3 8 9 . — W a g e R a t e s p e r H o u r a n d H o u r s p e r W eeic— I n d e x e s o f
U n io n S c a l e s i n B u il d in g a n d P r in t in g T r a d e s, b y O c c u p a t io n s ; 1909
to 1939— Continued
[Rates and hours for 1929=100]
Elevator
constructors’
helpers
tn
g as § §>© 1 §
Si 05
SP3 1 |
V) 1ft tn
1
w %s w £2 w £ 2 & M H £2 w
BUILDING TRADES—-HELPERS AND LABORERS—c o n tin u e d
Hod carriers
(masons'
tenders)
Marble setters’
helpers Plasterers'
laborers
Steam and
sprinkler
fitters'
helpers
1909.. _ 33.3 110.1 36.0 105.9 26.9 102.8
1910.. ........ 33.8 109.2 86.2 105.9 9.Q T Ifi? a
1911..
34.1 108.6 36.2 105.8 29.3 101.7
1912- ... 34.3 1A7. ft 35.8 100 5 36.6 105 3 iftl A
1913.. . 34.8 107.8 37.9 100.5 37.5 105.3 3L 0 101 3
1914..
37.5 102.9 35.2 100.4 38.1 100.1 38.3 105. 4 31.6 102.6 37.1 102.5
1915..
37.8 102.2 35.4 106.4 38.1 100,1 38.4 105.4 32.6 102.0 38.4 100.9
1016.. . 38.8 102.2 30.5 105.4 38.1 100.1 39.4 104, 4 33. C 101.7 39.8 100.6
1917..
40.9 101.7 40.7 100.3 40.6 101). 1 42.1 104.2 35.1 10L7. 40.8 99.8
1018.. . 43.6 101.7 47.5 106.8 42.5 100.1 48.5 104.2 40.6 100.3 42.1 90.8
1919-
52.9 100.9 65.0 105.0 48.6 1U0.II 55.3 103.8 48. e 100.2 51.0 99.5
1920- . 74.1 100.7 80.8 106.7 82.0 100.0 80.1 m a 70.4 100.2 83.5 99.5
1921..
77.5 100.5 81.2 105.7 81.9 100.2 82.7 103.4 72.2 100.2 84.4 69.6
1922-
73.8 100.6 07.3 105. G 76.2 100.2 72.6 103.4 74.1 100,3 79.3 99.6
1923.. . 77.3 100.6 73.5 105.9 82.3 100.2 80. (J 103.6 78.7 100.3 81.1 100.6
............. .......................... 85.2 100.0 76.8 105.8 89.2 100.2 86. C 103.4 87.2 100.3 88.3 100.5
89.2 100.5 85.8 105.7 84.6 100.2 01.7 103.8 89.7 100.3 90.8 100.5
1926..
96.1 100.5 93.5 105.8 93.0 100.2 97.1 99. G 95. C 100.2 98.4 100.5
99.0 100.5 95.7 105.8 93.3 100. () 98. C 99.4 99.3 100.4 99.5 100.5
.................. 100.9 100.5 95.8 105.8 94.3 100.1 99.6 100.1 101.4 100. 0 101.5 100.6
1929..
100.0 100. C 100.0 100.1 100.0 100.0 HID. 0 100. u 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0
1930- ............... 105.4 96.2 103.8 99.3 101.7 95.9 106.0 97.4 100.3 92.1 108.5 93.6
1931.. ____ __ 105.7 94.7 103.5 98.8 101.8 94.2 105.6 96. C 109.3 91.8 108.5 62.6
............... 96. £ 94.7 85.8 96.fi 93.2 93.8 37.0 90.3 94.3 91.7 95,8 91.4
1933.. ________ _____ 88.9 92.5 84.7 96.1 90.7 94.0 82.5 94.7 91.6 91.6 91.4 91.5
1934-
88.4 91.8 90.3 94.3 90.9 02.3 84.8 91.8 91.9 91.1 91.5 87.6
88.6 91.5 87.4 94.2 01.5 92.3 86.2 90.7 93.0 91.1 94.6 70.3
____________ 89.5 92.1 92.1 94. C 91.6 92.2 88.0 89.2 03.2 91.5 90.0 76.3
1037.
m .t 91.7 99.1 94.? 97.0 92.2 05.8 89.2 100.0 91.8 101.2 81.6
1938- ............... 104.5 91.1 109.1 98.2 105.4 92.2 108.1 85.1 121.8 82.3 111.6 81.6
1939..
107.9 80.8 109.4 92.9 105.9 92,2 m o 84,8 122.5 82.2 111.9 S3. 6
All book and
job trades
Bindery
women
PRINTING TRADES—BOOK AND JOB
Bookbinders
Compositors,
hand
Electrotypers
K
B
Tile layers’
helpers
Machine
operators
1909. 35.7 115. 8 37.5 108.1 36.0 108.8 32.8 107.5 40. ft 107.8
191(1. 37. 6 115. 4 37.9 107.7 37. 0 108.8 34,1 104,7 49 3 107.8
1911. 38.6 115.4 38.6 107.4 38. 6 108.8 36.1 104.0 4 9 1 . R 107.8
1912. 39.3 115,3 38.8 107.4 39.4 108.7 36.6 104.0 43.8 107.5
1913. 40. 0 115.3 39.8 107.4 39.9 108. 7 37.3 103.8 45.0 107.5
1914__________ 40.9 115.3 40.4 107.4 40.9 108.7 39,0 103.6 45.6 107.5
1915......................... 41.1 115.3 37.3 107. C 40.5 lu7, 4 41.1 108.7 39.9 103.6 45.6 107.5
1016__________ 41.7 115.3 37.9 107. C 40. fi 107.4 42.0 108.7 41.0 103.5 45.7 107.7
1917__________ 43.2 115.3 40.6 107,0 43.1 107. 4 42. S 108.7 42.3 103.4 40.8 107.7
1918.________ _ 47.8 115.3 45.3 107, C 48. 4 107.4 47.3 108.7 44.4 103.4 50. 5 107.7
IMS.___________ 58. S 115.2 58.7 107.0 01.8 107.4 57.8 108.7 SO. 9 103.4 60.0 107.7
1920__________ 76.9 110.9 81.1 107.0 81.2 107.4 76.1 108.7 72.9 103.3 77.6 107.7
1921.__ _____ 84.7 102.1 94.7 102.1 88.0 101.9 87.3 102.8 84,7 100.1 87.8 102.1
1922__________ 85.0 100. £ 91.7 100.8 86.3 100.9 88.8 100,7 811.4 98.7 87.9 100.6
1923__________ 88.3 100.2 95.8 100.3 90.5 i n n , 4 90.0 99.7 91,8 99.6 89.5 100.2
1024. ___ 92.0 100.2 97.2 ion. a 100.1 04.9 100.0 95.2. 99.3 93.3 09.8
1925.................. 92.9 100.3 98.3 100.3 05.6 100.4 04.4 100.0 94.9 100.2 93.3 100.2
1920___________ 95.0 100.1 96.4 100.5 97.3 100.3 (in . 3 100.0 95.8 100.2 04.4 100.0
1927.................... 97.3 100.1 98.7 99.9 99.4 100.0 08.0 100.0 96.9 100.3 98.1 100.2
1928...................................... 98.7 100.1 99.2 99.8 98. C i o n . 7 99.5 100.0 07. V 100.2 98.4 100.0
1929. 100.0 100. C 100.0 100.0 i o n . c 1 0 f t . 0 100.0 100. c 100, u 100. C 1 0 0 . < 100.0
1930__________ 101.8 69.9 100.7 99.9 101.2 99.9 102J] 100.0 102.9 98. S 102.7 100.0
1931. _______ 102.5 99.0 101,2 99.8 101.6 99.8 102.8 100.0 105.2 98.1 103.2 100.0
1932_______ 101.4 96.1 98.7 99.9 97.9 99 7 102.5 99.7 104.8 98.2 103.3 99.9
1933. „ 95.8 95.1 94.8 99.9 94.4 99.6 96.3 96.5 98.2 93.1 96.0 95.6
1934__________ 98.4 91.8 99.6 93.6 97.9 93,1 07.3 94.1 105.1 00.1 97.0 92.6
1935................... 100,0 90.4 100.5 92.8 99.3 91.5 g g . o 92.4 106.7 88.2 08. P 91.2
1936. 103.5 90.5 102.4 92.4 100.0 01.5 102.0 91.7 107,1 86.5 102. C 90.4
1937.._________ 106.7 90.3 104.0 91.0 103.4 01.5 106.8 91.0 108.5 86.3 104.8 90.3
1938............. 110.4 89.9 109.0 91.6 107.2 91.2 109.4 91.4 113.4 84.5 107.7 90.1
1939.................. 111. 2 89.6 110.6 90.4 100.3 00.0 109.0 91.4 114.2 83.6 108.0 00.1

3 5 2 WAGES, HOURS, AND EMPLOYMENT
N o . 3 8 9 .— W a g e R a t e s p e e H o u e a n d H o n e s p e e W e e k — I n d e x e s op
U n io n S c a les in B u il d in g a n d F e in t in g T r a d e s , b t O c c u p a t io n s : 1909
t o 1939— Continued
[Rates and hours for 1929=100]
y e a r
W a g e
ra te s
H o u r s
W ag e
ra te s
1
j H o u r s
i W ag e
1 ra te s
H o u r s
1 W a g e
ra te s
H o u rs
W ag e
ra te s
H o u r s
■
M
PRINTING TRADES—BOOK AND JOB— c o n tin u e d
PRINTING
TRADES—
NEWSPAPER
M a c h in e
te n d e rs (m a ­
c h in ists)
P h o to e n ­
g rav e rs
P re ss a ssista
n ts a n d
feeders
P re ssm e n ,
c y lin d e r
P re ssm e n ,
p la te n
AH n e w s­
p a p e r
1909................................................... 31.2 108.5 40.3 108.6 37.5 108 0 4a i
1910................................................ 31.8 108.3 40.6 108.4 38.1 107.8 44 fi m i a
1911.................................................. 33.1 108.3 41.4 108.4 38.9 107.8 45 2
1912................................................ 43.9 108.6 33.6 108.3 42.1 108.4 39.4 107 R
1913............................................ 44.6 108.6 34.4 108.1 42.6 108.4 40.2 107 0
1914....................... ........................... 44.7 108.6 35.3 108.1 43.6 108.4 40.8 107.9
1 9 1 5 ..1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.9 108.6 35. 5 108.1 43. 8 108.4 41.0 107 ?
47.5 100.8
47 R
191G................................................... 45.0 108.8 38.9 108.9 36.0 108.1 44.2 108.4 41.8 107.9 4 8.0 100.6
1917-................................................. 40.1 108.8 42.3 108.9 37.0 103.1 45.6 108.4 43.0 107. £ 49.2 100,6
1 9 1 8 - ............................................. 50.6 108.8 44.9 108.6 44.3 108.1 49.9 108.4 48.4 107.0 51.0 100.6
1919................................................... 62.2 108.8 52.3 108.6 67.1 108.1 60.5 108.4 59.4 107.9 62.2 100.8
1920................................................... 77.0 108.8 7 2.2 100.7 78.4 108.0 78.6 108.4 80.5 107.8 76.1 100.7
1921................................................... 90.1 100.8 76.2 100. ( 84.8 102.2 86.? 102.4 80.0 102.2 82.? 100.4
1922................................................... 89. C 100.4 77. G 100. c 82.1 101.1 84.? 101.2 87.0 101.fi 83.5 102.4
1923.................................................. 90.? 100.1 7 8.4 1 00 . c 91.9 100.4 91.5 100.7 91.6 1 0 0 . a 84.4 102.2
1924.................................................. 04. S 100. G 8 3.9 100. c 91.1 100.6 94.2 100.9 94.3 1 0 0 . fl 89.5 100.8
1925.................................................. 04.0 100.2 86.0 100.2 96.2 100.8 95.4 100.4 04.8 100.5 01.1 100.5
1 9 2 5 ............................................. 9 8.2 m o 91.5 100. c 97.3 100.2 97.3 100.2 99.3 9 9.7 93.1 100.7
1927.................................................. O S. s 100. c 95.0 100. ( 98.5 100.1 97.6 100.2 100.2 0 9 .7 95.0 100.4
1928.................................................. 90.2 m e 98.0 100. c 99.1 100.11 08.3 100.0 98.5 99.0 98.3 100.2
1929.................................................. 100. c m e 100.0 m e m e i o o . e 100.0 100.0 100.0 100. C 100.0 100.0
1930................................................... 101.8 100. c 100.2 9 0 . 8 101.2 100.0 101.8 100.0 101.7 100.0 101.0 99.8
1931................................................... 102.9 m e 100.5 00.8 102. (! 100.0 102.5 100.0 102.? 100.6 101.3 90.8
1032................................................... 103.5 100. c 103.6 9 4 ,0 97.fi 87.0 99.8 91.4 100.0 9 8 .2 101.1 97.3
1933........................... ....................... 97.4 95. c 101.5 91.7 00.0 92.0 93. e 92.4 93.1 9 6.0 94.6 06.8
1934................................................... 100.4 61.5 103.1 n o . 0 94.4 89.? 96.3 89.2 95.7 9 2 .0 95.8 89.1
1935................................................... 100.9 60.7 109.6 86.0 96.5 30.6 97.5 88.9 96.4 9 1.3 101.6 87.6
1936................................................... 104.0 90.2 112.3 Hfi.7 00.7 91.9 101.6 90.7 100.4 9 1.3 103.1 86.5
1937................................................... 107.0 9 0.2 113.7 85.2 104. K 91.7 105.1 00.4 105.0 9 0.0 107.0 85.7
1938................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.3 9 0.1 116.6 84.4 110.2 01.5 108.2 90.1 108.2 90. e 109.8 85.3
1939............................ .. ............. 110.7 9 0.0 117. 5 83.8 110.9 01. 5 109.0 90.1 109.2 9 0.0 111.1 84.6
p r i n t i n g t r a d e s - - N E W S P A P E R — c o n tin u e d
C o m p o sito
rs, h a n d
M a c h in e
o p e ra to rs
M a c h in e
c h in ists)
P h o to - P re s s m e n , S tereo -
e n g ra v e rs w e b p r e s s e s 1 ty p e rs
1909................................................... 43.4 101.5 43.1 101.6 42. 2 q r a
1910................................................... 45.2 101.5 44.4 101.6 43. n OR 6
1911.................................................. 46.1 ,101.5 44.8 101.6 43 6
1912.................................................. 47.1 101.2 45.6 101.3 49.6 100.6 44 fi
1913............................................. 47.9 101.2 46.4 101.2 50.0 100.0 45. 5
1914............................................. 48.4 100.9 46.0 100.9 60.3 100.5 45 R
1615.'.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48. 7 100.8 47.3 100.6 50.6 100,3
1 9 1 6 - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.9 100.7 47.5 100.5 50.7 100.2 42.7 106.9 46.3 0 8 .4 51.3 101.0
1917. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.1 100.7 48.9 1QQ.5 51.3 100.2 44.6 106.9 47.2 9 8.3 52.6 100.9
1918............................................. 52.3 10lU 50.6 100.7 53.8 i o o . a 48.3 105.7 60.9 98.3 54.8 100.9
1919.................................................. 62.9 100.? 61.6 100.7 68.3 m a 56.9 105.4 02.7 9 9.0 61.7 101.0
1020................................................ 76.4 101.1 76.3 100.8 84.3 100.4 65, fi 104.3 77.5 9 8.6 75.3 100.5
1921................................................... 83.3 100. c 81.2 i o o . e 37.0 100.4 77.fi 101.1 83.0 98.4 87.7 99.1
1922. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5,2 102,1 83.4 m i 8 8 . 7 i n i a
1923..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6.0 102.1 84.3 102.0 88.9 101.0 81.0 100.9 79.8 103.0 88.1 100.9
1624............................................. 6 0.6 101.1 89.4 100. f 94. C 100.4 84.4 100.9 8 8.7 9 9.8 0 0.7 100.8
1025— . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.3 101. C 91.1 100. c 01.4 100.9 87.8 100.2 92.7 0 9.2 93.1 100.4
1926............................................. 93.4 101.2 93.4 i o o . a 90.5 100.7 94.4 99.8 92.7 100.3 94.3 100.4
1027. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ............................. 96.6 100.6 95.4 100.2 95.7 m i 95.7 100.2 97.5 100.1 95.5 100,2
1928................................................ 98.3 100.4 98.9 99.9 0 7 . 0 100.3 99.5 100.0 99.6 9 9.7 95.5 100.7
1929............................................ 100.0 100.0 m e 100. C 100. t 100. C 100. C 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
1930.................................................. 100.9 09.7 100.8 1)0.1 100.? 9 0 . ? 101.6 99.9 101.7 99.8 100.8 100.0
1931.................................................. 101.0 99,7 100.9 99.8 101. G 99.? 102.6 99.5 102.3 99.8 101.2 100,1
1932.................................................. 100.0 97. £ 100.2 95. £ 100.4 92.0 103.8 99.4 103.6 9 7.8 100.2 99.3
1933.................................................. 03.4, 96.5 S3.7 95.2 03.3 02.1 0fi.fi 99.6 97.0 0 8.7 04.6 08,1
1934.................................................. 9 4.8 80.7 9 4.9 85.2 04.5 m 100.5 95.5 9 7.2 9 3.9 9 6.0 94.9
1935----------------- . . . . ________ l o o . e 85.6 101.2 84. a 100.9 81.4 105.3 92.4 102.6 91.8 100.5 02.7
1036.................................................. 102.7 84, C 102.9 82.7 102.8 80. C 107.9 92.1 103.1 9 1.4 102.0 92.3
1037_______________ _________ 107.1 83.5 107.3 82.2 107.2 79.7 100.9 91.1 106.5 9 0.3 105.2 90.6
1938.................................................. 109.3 83.5 109.7 82.1 109.8 7 0 . e 115,5 88.0 109.3 8 9.7 108.8 88.8
1939.................................................. 1 1 0 . 1 83.4 110.5 82.1 110.3 79.6 117.8 88.4 111.7 8 9.1 109.9 86.1
a Includes pressmen-in-chargc.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; Monthly Labor Review.

U N IO N W A G E RATES 3 5 3
N o . 390.—Wage Rates-—D istribution op Union Members in B uilding,
P rinting, and Bakery T rades, Union Street-Railway E mployees, and
Union Motor-T ruck D rivers, by H ourly Wage R ates, as op J une 1, 1939
TRADE AND OCCUPATION
Average
hourly
rate
Under
60
PERCENTAGE OF UNION MEMBERS WHOSE RATES
(IN CENTS) PER HOUR WERE—
00
and
under
80
80
and
under
100
100
and
under
120
120
and
under
140
140
and
under
160
160
and
under
180
180
and
under
200
200
and
over
All building trader............ ..
Journeymen (skilled workers)..............-............—
Asbestos workers.............
Boilermakers___'..........
Bricklayers........................
Carpenters........................
Cement finishers........ ......
Elootriotans, inside wirem
en...............................
Elevator constructors.......
Engineers, portable and
hoisting..........................
Glaziers................ ...........
Granite cutters.................
Lathers........... ..................
Machinists........................
Marble setters..................
Mosaic and terrazzo
workers..........................
Painters.............................
Paperhangers....................
Plasterers.........................
Plumbers and gas fitters..
Hodmen..........................
Hoofors, composition........
Roofers, slate and tile___
Sheet-metal workers.........
Sign painters...................
Steam and sprinkler fitters
Stonecutters.............. ......
Stonemasons....... .............
Structural-iron workers...
Tile layers..........................
Helpers and laborers8..........
Building laborers..............
Elevator constructors’
helpers..........................
Hod carriers (masons’
tenders)..........................
Merble setters’ helpers__
Plasterers’ laborers...........
Steam and sprinkler fitters’
helpers...................
Tilelayers’ helpers_____
All printing trades_________
Printing, book and job........
Bindery women...........
Bookbinders......................
Compositors, hand...........
Eleotrotypers...................
Machine operators............
Machine tenders (machinists)......................
Mailers........ ........... .........
Photengravers_________
Fressasslstants and feeders
Prossmen, oylinder...........
Pressmen, platen.............
Printing, newspaper...........
Compositors, hand...........
Daywork.......................
Night work.....................
Machine operators............
D ay work.___________
Night work....................
Machine tenders (maehinsts).......................
Daywork. .................
N ightwork....................
Mailers..............................
D a y w o rk ............ ........
Night work....................
Por footnotes, see p. 364.
$1,304
1. 602
1.662
1. 401
1.441
1.632
1.631
1. 661
1.404
1.279
1. 626
1.469
1. 688
1.442
1.306
1.337
1.086
1. 620
1.470
1,270
1. 397
1.427
1. 608
1.639
1. 364
1.644
1.696
1.497
.866
.790
1.144
.886
1.038
1.094
1,109
1.001
1.193
1.136
.635
1.032
1.205
1.423
1.276
1,286
1.087
1.564
,902
1.246
1.053
1.302
1.349
1.296
1.307
1.406
1.352
1.305
1.413
.934
.917
1.038
0.2 0.9 12.7 30.7 18.9 27.4 4.1 5,1
5.4 4.6 47.8 11.6 18.1 12.5
17.3 42.2 12.5 28.0
.0 6.6 28.9 34.5 23.0 1.1
«
17 O 37.7 12.0 31.6
.4 6.1 44.5 13.9 33.4 1.6 .1
___ _ 1.3 3.2
10,7
14.3
.1 .6 14.4 25.5 15.0 23.6 1.1 19.8
2.0 26.0 37.9 12.5 20.7 ----
.2 .5 8.8 21.4 27.4 19.2 6.4 16.1
.7 4.1 29. b 26.2 8.4 2.0 29.1
36.1 55.7 4.9 .5
2.8
.1
2.8 14.7 26.9 41.3 14.2
.8 4.0 35.8 7.4 51,1
.2 20.9 13.2 64.2 1.5
4.0 49.1 17.1 29.8
.2 a 10.6 32.3 24.0 2 1 .8 w
.6 1 .0 20.7 47.2 3.0 27.5
.9 15.7 18.7 33.3 1.2 30.2
.2 3.3 31.5 30.9 18.4 15.7
10.7 34.0 18.4 34.6 . 2.3
1.4
3.0 8.8 23.8 33.0 0.2 19.9 ___
16.6 32.1 14.2 26.9 5.7 —
.6
(9 11.5 21.7 16.9 32.0 9.3
17.4
7-I
.2 3.5 23.0 2 4 .2 30.8
10.8 13.1 36.9 14.1 16.1 9.2 .3
.3 25.2 20.7 16.5
22.4 26.1 36.3 9.5 8.7
33.3 22.9 42.0
20.7 24.0 28.8 3.1 3.7
86.2
m
8.1 24.6
1.0 13.0
6.0 9.0
Ml . X
38.8
.6 25,1 20.6 13.6 in a
1.3 19.4
6.1 4.2 7.7 31.6 3L6 11.4
0.2 6.8 9.8 31.9 31.3 6.5
72,2 27.8
8.1 1.3
4.5
3.0
2.3
3.0
.6
(0
4,5 45.8 i0 .5 .2
2.6 11.5 29.3 12.0
2.6 28.5 68.6 .3
1.3 27.8 58.9 12,3
3.0 2.9 17.9 74.8 1.4
.6 21.0 42.1 4.9 31.5
5.2 17.5 31.9 30.4 9.0
4. i 42.0 13.4 2.7
7.9 40.2 20.3
31.1 32.5 20.5 7.2 1.0 1.0
.1 1.3 4.7
...........
(9 2.0 26.7
(9 13,6
.1 2.2
,.l
23.9
........... ........... ...........
11.8
1.8 19.8
.3 6.6 17.1 75.8
38.8 30.7 .3
43.5 41.5 1.5 1.0
.........
.........

3 5 4 WAGES, HOURS, AND EMPLOYMENT
No. 390.— W a g e R a t e s — D i s t r i b u t i o n o f U n io n M e m b e r s i n B u i l d i n g ,
P r i n t i n g , a n d B a k e r y T r a d e s , U n io n S t r e e t - R a i l w a y E m p lo y e e s , a n d
U n i o n M o t o r - T r u c k D r i v e r s , b y H o u r l y W a g e R a t e s , E t c . — C o n .
TRADE AND OCCUPATION
Average
hourly
rate
PERCENTAGE OP UNION MEMBERS WHOSE RATES ON CENTS)
PER HOUR WERE—
60
Under and
60 under
80
80
and
under
100
100
and
under
120
120
and
under
140
140
and
under
160
160
and
under
180
180
and
under
200
200
and
over
AU prlnglng trades—Con.
Printing, newspaper—Con.
Phctoengravers........... .
Day work...................
Night work-....... ........
Pressmen in charge.......
Day work...................
Night work.................
Pressmen (journeymen)
Day work...................
Night work.................
Stereotypers...................
Day work...................
Night work.................
Bakery trades ...................
Street-railway employees
Motor-truck drivers1..........
$1,703
1.583
1.829
1.386
1.290
1.514
1.236
1.163
1.357
1.241
1.171
1.334
.769
.755
.793
28.3
3.2
10.3
0.3
81.8
61.1
44.0
0.3
.8
2.7
2.8
5.5
2.0
22.3
35.7
31.5
0.2
10.2
79.6
17.8
54.7
34.6
8.3
13.3
17.1
1.4
53.3
20.0
5.0
47.6
37.5
27.1
4.8
.9
37.2
12.6
2.6
33.0
12.4
.4
2.3
12.2
3.8
45.2
30.7 14,7
13.2
A 28.7
32.0
23.6
.7
39.3
1 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
8 Includes also plumbors' laborers and composition roofers’ helpers, not shown separately.
8 Includes all occupations covered by bakery union agreements.
. 4 Includes conductors, motormen, and bus drivers on lines operated by street railways.
6 Includes drivers of all sizes and ty p»es of trucks In all classes of hauling for which time rates are provided.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics: Monthly Labor Review for November and
December 1939 and January, February, and March 1940, and special pamphlets.
N o . 891.— S t r i k e s — N u m b e r , W o r k e r s I n v o l v e d , a n d M a n - D a y s I d l e ,
b y M a j o r I s s u e s I n v o l v e d : 1927 t o 1939
N o t e .—The term "strike" is here used in the generic sense to include all stoppages of work due to labor
disputes, whether initiated by the employers (lock-outs) or by the workers. Strikes involving fewer
than 6 workers or lasting less than 1 day are not included. Information regarding strikes is obtained
principally from the public press, union publications, and trade journals. Reports are also received from
the various Government labor boards and conciliation services. For tbe first time, information was also
obtained from one of the clothing Unions, which began in 1938 to keep a complete record of all strikes
conducted by the union
NUMBER OF STRIKES
ENDING IN YEAR
NUMBER OF WORKERS INVOLVED
NUMBER 0 7 MAN-DAYS IDLE
YEAR
Major issues Major issues Major issues
Total Wages
or­
Union
Mis­
and gani­
zation
cella­
neous
hours
Total
Wages
and
hours
Union
organization
Miscellaneous
Total
Wages
and
hours
Union
organization
Miscellaneous
1927..
1928..
1929..
1930..
1931
1932..
1033..
1934..
1935._
1936-
1937-
1938- .
1939-
666
620
924
651
796
852
1,672
1,817
2,003
2,356
4,720
2,772
2,639
273
222
373
284
447
560
926
717
700
756
1,410
776
699
240
226
382
207
221
162
533
835
945
1,083
2.728
1,385
1,411
153 310,442 232,217 44,451 42,774 25,680,915 24,049,622 843,535 796,758
172 322,866 139,913 95,320 87,633 13,065,634 10,731,668 1,555,889 778,177
169 286,163 104,050 101,724 80,380 5,304,638 2,311,270 1,953,962 1,039,416
160 181,001 73,223 75,949 32,729 3,107,948 1,300,036 1,467,228 331,084
128 346,660 165,308 115,997 74,304 7,212,127 3,216,684 3,026,865 908,578
iao 324,060 234,158 72,940 17,862 10,521,437 8,583,088 1,740,190 198,150
213 1,143,010 544,084 466,272 134,554 16,663,940 6,300,418 8,664,221 1,590,304
265 1,480,343 340,174 702,367 371,802 19,491,844 4,732,677 12,236,680 2,522,487
268 1,101,002 662, 539 287,876 151,487 14,918,234 6,300,626 7,051,122 1,467,586
317 700,748 250,672 305*019 94,057 11,432,536 3,686,862 6,882,037 864,647
582 1,945,745 435,568 1,163,197 346,980 30,848,394 4,835,573 23,580,248 2,432,573
611 687,620 252,166 224,401 210,972 8,926,009 3,108,445 3,961,769 1,855,885
529 1,177,883 351,703 641,298 184,882 IS, 520,503 3,311,779 13,841,951 1, 366,773
Source: Dept, of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; Bulletin No. 651, Strikes in the United States, 1880-
1936; annual report, Analysis of Strikes. Figures are published currently in Monthly Labor Review,

No. 392.— Strik es— N um ber, W orkers I nvo lved, a nd M a n-D a ys Id l e, b y In d u stry Gr o u p s: 1935 to 1939
N o t e .— See h e a d n o te , t a b l e 391
INDUSTRY GROUP
NUMBER OF STRIKES BEGIN­
NING—
NUMBER OF WOHKEBS INVOLVED IN STRIKES NUMBER OF MAN-DAYS IDLE DURING YEAR
1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1935 1936 1937 1933 1939 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
A ll in d u s tr ie s ............................................. 2, 014 2,172 4,740 2, 772 2,613 1,117,213 788,848 1, 869,621 688,376 1,170,962 15,456,337 13,901,956 28,424, 857 9, 148, 373 17, 812,219
MANUFACTURING
i r o n a n d ste e l a n d th e ir p ro d u c ts , n o t
in c lu d in g m a c h in e ry ....................................... 67 69 226 85 57 16,592 21,610 186,017 29,372 14,466 314,597 484,090 3,405,840 397. 022 212,760
M a c h in e ry , n o t in c lu d in g tra n s p o r ta tio n
e q u ip m e n t........................... ................. 50 73 261 85 85 16,159 29,247 91,625 21,158 25,027 375, 744 944, 720 1 ,3 4 4 , 258 5 8 0 ,2 8 5 433,2 8 8
T r a n s p o r ta tio n e q u ip m e n t.............................. 42 53 165 49 56 38,216 54,049 372,399 82,738 133,635 642,700 718,588 4, 720; 686 318,449 2,656, 269
N o n fe rro u s m e ta ls a n d t h e i r p r o d u c t s ... 44 31 117 38 33 7,486 9,525 29,044 7,708 6,180 187,139 152, 703 677,739 149,745 167,507
L u m b e r a n d a llie d p r o d u c ts_____ _______ 135 143 326 142 170 62, 707 38,270 76,990 22,126 31,145 1,818, 012 1,019,284 1,797, 619 782,707 799,543
S to n e , c la y , a n d g lass p r o d u c ts __________ 85 39 106 42 53 11,833 24,689 24,180 7,954 11,350 346,940 723, 522 612; 010 250,224 136,901
T e x tile s a n d t h e ir p r o d u c ts ............. ............... 497 455 680 536 539 200,636 128,578 213, 455 109,357 90,732 3,634,988 2,777,498 3 ,8 2 7 ,3 9 8 1,424; 937 1,320,994
L e a th e r a n d its m a n u f a c tu r e s ___________ 79 72 142 59 46 16.307 20,472 41,565 14,330 9,492 258,929 218,996 630,405 1 5 9 ,4 6 2 1 8 4 ,3 1 2
R o o d a n d k in d r e d p r o d u c ts _____________ 103 106 266 168 148 26.683 13,859 52,411 55,520 29,560 842; 109 244; 718 673,419 669,765 394; 943
T o b a c c o m a n u f a c tu r e s ___________________ 5 6 30 9 4 902 1,090 10,206 2,579 4,796 36,000 12,573 197.253 347,255 73,665
P a p e r a n d p r in tin g _______________________ 52 47 161 73 58 5,025 5,203 25,297 13,764 5,093 134,543 191,063 480,865 241, 052 181,721
C h e m ic a ls a n d a llie d p r o d u c t s __________ 8 20 66 38 39 832 13.990 11,345 4,040 13,716 5,662 230,766 309,876 78,101 391,820
R u b b e r p r o d u c ts ___ _________ _ ______ 7 43 39 29 19 1,308 76.699 53,829 25,612 9, 694 18,982 477,286 673,719 165,507 73)868
M isc e lla n e o u s m a n u f a c tu r in g ____________ 67 76 194 83 83 9,249 9,536 39,352 13,992 9,290 222,789 211,069 623,279 4 5 0 ,8 3 8 155,082
NONMANUFACTURING
E x tra c tio n of m in e r a ls ....................................... 90 83 111 63 64 479, 514 56,063 162,645 37, 515 383,432 4,019,333 1, 237,470 2,617,559 529,222 7,464,581
T r a n s p o r ta tio n a n d c o m m u n ic a tio n . _ _ _ _ 198 165 370 211 2 5 2 j 64,225 83,231 135,489 76,355 86, 556 959,950 2, 095,435 1 ,868,9 7 4 719,951 856,915
T r a d e . . _________________ _______________ 138 164 523 339 283 16,677 30,532 80,107 39, 626 26,236 219,152 326,749 1,036, 574 825,023 425,689
D o m e s tic a n d p e rs o n a l serv ic e...................... 93 116 372 178 161 29,005 72,246 79,047 H 187 21,134 281,476 861,114 1, 447,465 169, 634 277, 402
P ro fe ssio n a l s e rv ic e ._____ _______________ 23 24 41 47 34 1.922 1,052 7,431 4,037 3,317 15, 626 14,394 103,587 30, 009 35. 086
B u ild in g a n d c o n s tru c tio n ............................... 139 230 328 315 320 17,815 33,225 71,906 44,389 70,097 181,632 345,351 848,018 405,482 633, 488
A g ric u ltu re a n d f is h in g ..................... ............. 29 42 40 48 39 24,211 21,046 7,713 24,313 36, 754 474,368 348,804 61,183 409,951 477,363
W o rk s P ro g re ss A d m in is tr a tio n , relief.
a n d r e s e ttle m e n t p ro je c ts ............................. 95 80 65 87 33 41,163 40,016 52,094 31, 031 144, 920 402,340 232,216 307,922 135, 056 428,242
O th e r n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g i n d u s tr ie s .......... 17 34 109 48 38 696 2,920 14,774 6,673 4,340 8,326 29,042 132; 509 106, 596 30,780
I n te r in d u s t r y .......................................................... 1 3,000
G e n e ra l s tr ik e s ....................................................... 1 1 2 26,000 1,500 21,766 52,000 4,600 21, 700
XNDUSTEIAL DISPUTES
S o u rce: D e p a r tm e n t of L a b o r, B u r e a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s ; B u lle tin N o . 651, S trik e s in th e U n ite d S ta te s , 1880-1936; pnrm fi! r e p o rt, A n a ly s is o f S trik e s. F ig u re s a re p u b lis h e d c u rr e n tly
i n M o n th ly L a b o r R e v ie w .
CO
O i
C7l.

3 5 6 WAGES, HOURS, AHD EMPLOYMENT
No. 398.— C i v i l i a n C o n s e r v a t i o n C o r p s — - E n r o l l e d S t r e n g t h a n d A m o u n t
E x p e n d e d o r O b l i g a t e d : J u l y 1933 t o J u n e 1940
MONTH
1933-3* 1934-35 ] 1935-36 1936-37 1937-38 1938-36 1939-40
Enrolled strength at end of m onth1
293,582
275, 998
208, 700
240,2*1
287,733
278, 517
289,184
278,766
211,747
267,256
285,546
232,677
345,181
338,047
277,704
349,334
337,456
209,479
346.245
332,876
241,810
341,891
329,362
358,658
404,425
505,782
449,580
474,390
470,121
445,147
413,011
392,761
294,921
33lj195
346,460
321,243
345,390 287, 550 291,481 289,630
323,276 264,921 279,693 277,205
261,091 179,127 239,301 208,942
346,553 302,093 291,877 291,628
332, Oil 286,889 283,166 279,946
317,250 275,167 252,521 238,336
351,475 276,953 293,969 295,771
336,054 268,152 286,168 286,160
242,214 238,548 198,004 215,434
310,088 250,474 291,246 271,458
288,127 247,533 280,425 258,474
261,268 231,091 233,439 200,079
OBJECT OF EXPENDITURE
Expended or obligated, years ended June 303 (thousands of dollars)
Total________________ 312,836 444,109 490,079 396,548 308, 599 284,628 278,882
102,534 128,391 154,091 121,930 102,411 107, 588 105,233
49,253 61,804 85,733 56,301 73,023 61,212 50, no
160,6*9 253,914 250,855 218,257 133,165 110,028 117,513
i Excludes Indians and enrollees in Territories and outlying possessions, averaging about 11,000 per month.
Data prior to July 1033 are: April, 37,189; May, 154,238; and June, 279,722.
*Enrollment low because month is at end of O-month-discharge period.
3Includes amounts expended or obligated on Indian reservations and in Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto
Rico, and, beginning with 1934-35, in Virgin Islands. Does not include amounts expended for acquisition
of land, which from April 1933 to June 1937 totaled $81,334,000; no expenditures on this account thereafter.
1 Includes expenditures for subsistence, supplies, material, equipment, repairs and alterations, structures,
travel, utilities, etc.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Civilian Conservation Corps; annual report of C. C. C.
No. 394.— ’E m p lo y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s on C o n s t r u c t i o n P r o j e c t s F in a n c e d
F r o m R e g u l a r F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t a l A p p r o p r i a t i o n s : 1934: t o 1940
N ote.—Pay-roll disbursements in thousands of dollars. No compilations made for months prior to
August 1934. Monthly figures cover periods ended on 15th. Data for employees engaged on forceaccount
projects (projects for which contracts are not let) axe duplicated in figures given elsewhere for
Federal executive service
YEAR OR MONTH
Number
of wage
earners1
Pay-roll
disbursements
Average
earnings
per hour
YEAR OR MONTH
Number
of wage
earners1
Pay-roll
disbursements
Average
earnings
per hour
1094 (Aug. to Deo.)_ 217,616 4,767 $0.547
1085.......................... >40, 583 31, 645 .622
1936........................... J 117,005 125, 903 .660
1937........................... >182,828 211,366 .700
January............. 134,447 12, 874 .721
February.......... 127, 699 11, 970 .730
March............— 128, 642 12,397 .729
April________ 143, g28 14,912 .709
M a y .-.............. 108,030 15, 871 .701
Juno.................. 191,547 18, 233 .690
July................... 208,001 20,894 .675
August.............. 219,627 20,706 .889
September........ 228,571 23,185 .687
October............. 231,822 21,675 .696
November........ 221,252 20,894 , 7GL
December____ 189,147 17,689 .714
1938.......................... 2 216,521 248,684 .710
January__ ____ 159,072 15,957 .733
February.......— 147,570 14, 237 .730
March............... 147,836 14, 654 .740
April................. 167,659 17,031 .715
May.................. 197,061 19,159 .724
Juno..... ............. 216, 531 20,864 .713
July.................. 238,754 23,909 .697
August.............. 257, 553 24,945 .711
1938—Conttoued.
September........ 265,793 27,271 $0.680
October..,___ 263,902 24,917 .692
November____ 245, 150 23,322 .702
December____ 218,689 20,428 .716
1980.......................... 22S6,683 291,082 .736
January............. 181,976 18, 704 .724
February.......... 172,264 16,859 .740
March............... 171,130 18,283 .754
April................. 190,581 10,150 .744
May.................. 216,716 21,812 .735
June.................. 248,525 26,438 .716
July................... 265, 108 25, 776 .732
August.............. 275,506 28,095 .732
September........ 286,652 30,677 .720
October--....... 288,497 29,306 .736
November........ 276,073 28, 088 .747
December____ 255,106 27,294 .757
1940 (8 months)___ 2242, 639 156,109 .783
January............. 206,945 22,259 .798
February........ 203,893 21, 918 .804
March............... 220,310 22,959 .787
April................. 248,824 20,076 .782
May.................. 276,098 30,178 .770
June________ 299,760 31,819 .769
1Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work (projects for which contracts are not let). Includes weekly average for
public-road projects.
j Average of monthly maxima.
„ Jcmrco: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; figures published currently in a pamphlet
“Employment and Pay Rolls.'*

EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS 357
No, 895.—Em ploym ent a n d Pay R o lls on P ro je c ts Financed From P ublic
W orks A d m in istratio n Funds: Ju ly 1933 to Ju n e 1940
N ote.—P ay-roll disbursements in thousands of dollars. Construction projects financed by the Publio
Works Administration are those projects authorized by the National industrial Recovery Act of June
1933. This program of public works was extended to June 30,1937, by the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Acts of 1935 and 1936. The Public Works Administration was continued until July 1,1939, by the
P. W. A. Extension Act of 1937, and to June 30,1941, by the P. W. A. Appropriation Act of 1938. Data for
employees engaged on force-account projects (projects for which contracts are not let) are duplicated
in employment figures given elsewhere for Federal executive service and railroads. Monthly figures
cover periods ended on the 15th. Figures for July 1935 and subsequent months include data for employees
working on P. W. A. projects financed from funds provided by the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Acts of 1936, 1936, and 1937, and P. W. A. Appropriation Aot of 1938. See table 396 *i
TEAR AND MONTH
Number Pay-roll
of wage disburseearners1
ments
Average
earnings
per hour
TEAR AND MONTH
Number Pay-roll Average
of wage disbursements
per
earnings
earners1
hour
1993 (6 months).
July______
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
1994_________
January__
February..
M arch___
A pril........ .
M ay____
June_____
July______
August___
September.
October__
November.
December.
1035...................
January....
February..
M a rch .....
April......... .
M ay...........
June...........
July............
August___
September.
October...
November.
December.,
1936..................
January....
February..
M arch-----
A p ril....... .
M ay...........
June.—. —
July..........
August___
September.
October....
November.
December.
226.052
267
4,848
48,177
146,747
255,512
300,758
) 475,495
208,259
311,428
307,036
383,076
506,459
611,822
643,299
631,098
575,512
526,839
502,288
408,823
* 367,350
329,883
287,994
302,502
369, 673
428,852
454,438
441,094
430,400
373,915
336,080
288,924
244,435
a 313,894
221,777
201,851
247, 260
310,644
364,881
399,791
388,434
381,310
359,445
327,297
301,904
262,183
39,244
26
134
2,0
6,354
11,552
13,092
308,394
12,789
14,347
14,003
18,853
25,970
33,830
34,707
36,539
32,785
30,238
30,624
23,616
270,624
19,747
17, 548
18, 589
23,223
26,007
27,438
26,650
27, 247
24,256
23,054
20,212
16,654
271,332
15,110
13,776
15,828
21,671
26,611
29,057
27,970
28,039
26,771
24, 907
22,854
19,738
80.534 1937........................... »187.464 170.676 60.810
.751 January.............. 216,098 16,204 .827
.638 February_____ 193,854 14,924 .832
.551 March................ 194,271 14,249 .810
.528 April------------- 210,070 16,725 .804
.631 May....... ...... —. 225; 132 17,187 .799
.537 June......... .......... 220.838 17.691 .806
July..........— 210,545 16,844 .809
.689 August----------- 196,491 16,155 .810
.541 September......... 176,214 15,069 .830
.541 October_______ 154,059 13,107 .836
.553 November......... 132,890 11,898 .848
.571 December___ — 116,109 0,633 .853
.564
.564 1938........................... * 182,978 127,226 .836
.573 January.............. 98,743 7,071 .842
.589 February......... 97.497 7.544 .816
.613 March............... 100,588 7,286 .804
.632 April.................. 112,374 8,759 .804
.627 May................... 123,102 9,839 .808
.664 June............ ... 120,902 10,038 .828
July.................... 118,077 9,510 .831
.690 August............... 110,953 10.100 .856
.078 September__ ... 139,125 11.884 .844
.679 October_______ 153,633 11,803 .836
.079 November____ 198,440 16,021 .855
.077 Dooomber.......... 215,697 16,681 .856
.006
.063 1939........................... 2261,301 258,292 .880
.668 January.............. 250,152 17,517 .846
.088 February........... 265.817 18,193 .844
.707 March................ 262,312 18,190 .853
.719 April.................. 303,071 23,584 .801
.744 May.................. 830,495 26,383 .874
.755 Juno................... 342,202 28,002 .870
July.................... 273,801 23.077 .876
.768 August............... 263,036 23,819 .887
.745 September......... 247,422 22,986 .899
.754 October.............. 220,612 20,827 .910
.756 November.......... 204,036 19,152 .020
.746 December.......... 166,657 15,012 .934
.746
.754 1940 (fl months)........ >104,635 81,622 .979
.765 January............. 132,538 12,328 .964
.769 February........... 109.083 10,814 .986
.784 March................ 97,834 9,314 .983
.792 April.................. 99,125 9,918 .900
.800 May................. 97,021 9,943 ..993
.800 June................... 91,609 9,305 .962
1 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
i Average of monthly maxima.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; figures published currently in a pamphlet
"Employment and Pay Rolls."

358 WAGES', HOURS, AND EMPLOYMENT
N o . 3 9 6 ,— E m p lo y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s o n P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d F r o m E m e r­
g e n c y B e l i e f A p p r o p r i a t i o n A c ts F u n d s : J u l y 1935 t o J u n e 1940
N ote.—Pay-roll disbursements in thousands of dollars. The figures cover those projects originally financed
by the Works Program which was inaugurated by the President by the authority of the Emergency Belief
Appropriation Act of 1935, continued by subsequent acts, and abandoned as such in July 1939. Included
are those projects conducted under the supervision of the Work Projects Administration (prior to July
1939, the Works Progress Administration), those conducted by the Public Works Administration, those
of the National Youth Administration (formerly under Works Progress Administration, now in Federal
Works Agency), and other Federal agency projects financed from the Emergency Belief Appropriation
Acts. The activities of the Civilian Conservation Corps financed from the Emergency Belief Appropriation
Act of 1935 are not included in these figures. Unless otherwise stated, figures refer to calendar
months
YEAH AND MONTS
1985 (July to Deo.).
1980........................
1937____________
1988____________
January___
February.—
March.........
April...........
May............
June............
July.............
August........
September..
October.......
November. .
December...
1940 (8 months)..
January.......
February...
March.........
April...........
May............
June...........
PROJECTS OPERATED BY THE
WORK PROJECTS ADMINIS­
TRATION
Numbor
employed
1
* 976,238
* 2,650,359
* 1,897,905
82,749,770
>2,319,282
2,895,126
2 ,9 5 5 ,0 2 0
2 ,9 1 5 ,5 0 9
2 t m , m
2 ,4 6 8 ,0 0 5
2 ,4 3 8 ,2 5 5
2 ,1 4 3 ,0 5 9
1 .8 3 4 .5 9 7
1 ,7 1 9 ,8 7 0
1 ,8 2 2 ,6 6 3
1 ,9 3 0 ,5 8 6
2 ,0 6 9 ,7 5 4
> 2 ,0 1 4 ,8 5 5
2 ,1 0 2 ,2 8 3
2 ,2 4 9 ,9 1 2
2 ,2 1 2 ,2 3 9
2 .0 1 0 .5 9 8
1 ,8 3 7 ,8 5 4
1 ,5 8 3 ,2 4 2
YEAR JND MONTH
238,018
1,592,948
1,187,804
1,719,728
1,609,206
155,991
150,367
157,818
140,447
140,796
133,241
119, (537
108,150
89,390
98,178
101, 533
107,058
861,189
100,198
111, 475
120,685
110,145
110,141
90,545
Pay-roll
disbursements
Average
earnings
per
hour
3.417
.464
.617
.501
.476
.500
.408
.500
.501
.505
.507
.460
.434
.439
.443
.443
.438
.440
.441
.436
.432
.439
.445
.451
NATIONAL YOUTH ADMINISTRATION WORK PROGRAMS
Number
employed
i
>150,965
>159,414
> 196,466
>234,978
237,408
242,454
234,519
228,268
224,889
213,604
207,357
211,217
225,088
237,814
201,184
295,787
*316,224
322,367
336,223
330,282
322,275
300,105
274,
Out-of-school
28,884
32,663
41,658
51,538
4,347
4,472
4,451
4,318
4,286
3,903
2,561
4,145
4,222
4,437
4,864
5,442
35,308
6,810
6,143
6,264
5,
6,594
PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRA­
TION PROJECTS FINANCED
FROM E. R. A. A , 1935,1030,
AND 1937 FUNDS 8 *
Number
employed
1
Pay-roll
disbursements
Average
earnings
per hour
Payroll
disbursements
Average
earnings
per
hour
Nmnheremployed1
* 183,949
$0,381 3,954 1,133 $0,659 * 118,107 34,812 $0,449
1936.............................................................. * 160,085 123,396 .754 >411,178 241, 627 .461
1937................................................... .......... >127,147 118,488 .813 * 242.893 156,468 .623
1938_____________ _________________ * 80,067 79,201 .823 *176,966 101,720 .494
1989___ ________ ___________________ * 21.969 24,210 .864 »124,134 67.960 .437
January------------------------------------ 39.545 3,400 .877 128,017 5,694 .460
February________________ _____ _ 31.297 2,837 .893 126,453 5,929 .446
March______ ___________________ 28,027 2,344 .893 124,105 5,432 .446
April............... —.............................. — 27,068 2,482 .805 143,011 6,885 .461
M ay,___ ______________________ 26.102 2,356 .808 105,116 7,949 .460
June_______________________ ____ 24,271 2,360 .865 193,780 0,021 .424
July__________________ ____ ____ 16,396 1,509 .876 176,470 6,058 .421
August_________________________ 17,773 1,767 .825 77,779 3,592 .424
September— ----- ------------------------ 18,213 1,452 .802 83,045 4,016 .436
October------------------------------------- 13,347 1,207 .787 85,168 4,220 .436
November............—........................... 12.439 1 214 .790 87,955 4,426 .436
December..............................— ------ 12,093 1,172 .785 98,109 4,745 .401
1940 (6 months)------ -------------------------- » 8,191 4,572 .702 >99,381 27,831 .409
January................................................ 0,466 863 .770 96,663 4,411 . .409
February.................................... .......... 8,383 800 .775 92,468 4,431 .412
March................. -............................... 7,813 685 .714 94,326 4,354 .417
April...................................................... 7,875 789 .760 99,484 4,706 .400
May...................................................... 7,785 768 .778 101, Q15 4,787 .406
June...................................................... 7,458 717 .767 112,328 5,148 .406
1Number of persons on pay rolls for periods ending within calendar months.
*. Average. 3 Based on first 6 months. Man hours not available after June.
1Computed as 10-month average. Numbers employed in July and August negligible.
* These figures are included in those appearing in table 395, covering projects under jurisdiction of the
Public Works Administration.
«Data are for monthly periods ending on the 15th. r Note 1, table 394, applies to figures in this column.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau Of Labor Statistics; figures published currently in a pamphlet
“Employment and Pay Bolls/'

PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES' 359
No, 8 9 7 . — P u b l i c E m p lo y m e n t S e r v i c e s — M a j o r A c t i v i t i e s : J u l y 1938
to J u n e 1940
N ote.—T he figures cover the operations of a Nation-wide system of State and Territorial employment
services for which Federal funds are granted to the States and Territories on a matching basis under
provisions of the Wagnor-Peysor Act
YEAR AND MONTH
Active file
(at end of
month)
New applications
COMPLETE PLACEMENTS
Supple.
Total Private
Public
mental
worksand O.W . A., placem
ents1
governmental
and relief1
W. P. A.,
service1
1B3S (July to Dec.) 9,063,809
1834. 5,493,176
1936. 9,367,966
1936. 4,981,631
1937________
Ja n u a ry ...
February..
M arch___
April--------
M ay_____
June_____
Ju ly...........
August-----
September.
O cto b er...
Novomber.
Deoember.
1938................
Ja n u a ry ...
F ebruary..
M arch___
April_____
M ay_____
June_____
Ju ly .--------
A ugust___
September.
October__
November.
December.
1939.
Ja n u a ry .. .
February—
M arch___
April_____
M ay_____
June........—
July______
August___
September.
October__
Novem ber.
Deoember.
1040 (6 months total).
Ja n u ary .................
February...............
M a rc h ..................
A pril..................... .
M ay____ ____ ....
Juno____________
6,282,015
6,116,443
5,495,209
6,619,764
5,309,545
6,016,023
4,040,678
4, 853, 345
4,030,744
4,303,092
4, 421, 070
4,874,031
0,070,143
0,70S, 393
0,784,276
7,258,674
7,624,731
7,831,063
8,087,724
8,119,187
7,960,170
7,742,721
7, 528,670
7, 215,973
7,434,469
7,080,021
6,748,671
0,644,711
6,381,651
6,282,608
0,101,140
5, 789, 759
6,681,820
5,405, 580
5,028,545
6,740,146
6,070,496
5, 920, 294
5,026,183
5,682,447
5,724,029
6,737,673
3,635,090
292,304
262, 290
282,687
288,049
272,035
337,917
295,078
283, 602
278,945
291,187
260,101
452, 035
8,041,442
942,374
740,043
806,113
667,460
077,135
803,495
705,137
022,099
522,880
664,831
602,040
477,029
0, 379,294
643,021
483,180
500,274
478,277
510,460
509,975
494,148
567,608
560,142
645,195
539,016
485,032
3,138,781
617,276
507, 283
474,707
409,820
498,991
540,704
3,101,860 976, 189 482,379 2,304,288
6,818,332 1,483,638 2,014,454 2,120,240
4,457,623 1,107,766 1,432,413 1,917,356
6,091,122 1,508,819 2,214,402 1,308,741
3,640,934 2,952,606 1,218,599 69,070
242,136 143,969 84,183 13,984
250,241 157,738 82,440 10,063
294,308 193,041 91,176 9,491
348,915 219,456 122,676 6,883
379,972 240,763 134,030 5,189
374,038 224,629 143,373 0,036
341,158 207,578 129,387 4,193
367,937 227,991 120,820 3,126
340,048 239,006 103,053 2,490
303,293 210,226 90,392 2,675
224,221 157,602 63,709 2,910
178,687 129,477 46,560 2,630
2,701,178 1,885,409 771,820 43,949
136,841 93,052 41,748 2,041
131,840 91,400 38,704 1,682
177,157 128,890 45,389 2,878
217,570 153,043 58,376 5,258
238,998 159,198 72,941 6,869
240,314 163,743 76,767 5,804
227,015 150,186 67,633 3,790
271,124 189,842 76,960 5,322
281,214 202; 572 75,759 2,883
291,597 207,834 80,109 3,654
250.779 177,841 70,549 2,389
280,117 160,848 67,886 1,383
3,478,989 2,676,300 778,143 22,446
199,445 129,940 67,628 1,877
181.242 126,352 51,545 3,345
253,093 184,898 66,335 2,400
270,493 195,000 73,165 2,338
333,141 242,444 89,189 1,508
343,551 251,357 90,670 1,524
285,760 212,955 72,397 408
330,233 253, 067 82,047 519
352,451 287,160 62,678 2,007
306,154 308,377 50,349 1,428
289,403 248,887 38,810 1,706
205,323 235,257 27,340 2,726
1,841,586 1,449,214 170,276 22,096
220,915 196,222 20,010 4,083
203,332 184,235 10,141 2,966
243,329 217,668 23,227 2,544
294,537 258,907 31,005 4,565
349,559 304,077 41,311 4,171
329,914 288,215 37,922 3,777
153,873
08,214
28,782
1,037,995
31,080
30,811
37,329
42,623
72,746
103,014
121,232
171,880
205,330
113,381
59,591
48,172
359,090
34,141
24,780
30,299
45,001
83,508
141,901
' W . P . A. placements at monthly prevailing wage rate included with “Fublio works and governmental
servico,”
■
1 Verified placements made without aJl the steps necessary for a complete placement. Data not reported
prior to October 1938.
Source: Federal Seourity Agenoy, Social Security Board, Bureau of Employment Seourity; official
records.

360 WAGES, HOURS, AND EMPLOYMENT
No. 398.— P u b l i c E m p lo y m e n t S e r v i c e s — M a jo b A c t i v i t i e s , b y S t a t e s
a n d T e r r i t o r i e s : 1938 a n d 1939
Note.—Soo headnoto, table 397
STATE OB TERRITORY
APPLICATIONS
ACTIVE PILE AS OF
DEC. 31
PLACEMENTS
1933 1939 1938 1930 1938 1039
T o tal_________________ i 14, 697,798 ' 315,064,851 7,215,973 5,746,146 12,701,178 1 2 3,476,889
A la b a m a ........................................ 291,274 248,371 150,469 149,339 52,200 54,099
A la s k a ................................... ........ 5,767 8,849 1,026 2,706 3,618 4,908
A riz o n a .......................................... 66,993 76,316 22,654 21, 748 22,309 30,896
A rk a n s a s ___________________ 105,567 108,113 73,388 57,167 33, 605 53,896
C a lifo rn ia _____- ___________ 1,072,253 1,347,030 319,732 534,375 223,297 258,866
C o lo ra d o ..........._......................... 141,289 105,201 46,851 64,511 45,419 54,087
C o n n e c tic u t..................... 263,560 213,812 110,543 81,230 35,015 53,762
D e l a w a r e . . ............................... .. 34,884 46,547 14,134 11,535 13,506 18,164
D i s tr i c t of C o lu m b ia _______ 119,285 112,561 55,022 34,170 27,969 40,644
F l o r i d a . . .................................. i 7 9 ,8 4 2 * 1 6 9 ,1 2 0 108,943 80,907 1 15,4 7 0 1 37,503
G e o rg ia _____________________ 233,496 394,625 132,972 187,783 62,078 90,222
H a w a ii_____________________ 12,208 18,145 6,056 9,651 7,096 6,033
I d a h o _______________________ 00,262 72,622 22,608 15,722 25,318 32,331
I llin o is _____________________ 527,421 517,745 305,250 181,658 148,374 138,968
I n d ia n a _____________________ 473,657 451,040 221,127 195,998 57,819 87,989
I o w a ____________ _________ 212,622 212,309 100,962 91,901 75,959 90,383
K a n s a s . ................. ............ .......... 123,423 169.752 66,524 37,199 30,628 33,874
K e n tu c k y ......... ........................... 162,296 235,014 98,034 76,863 24,730 33,256
L o u is ia n a ...................................... 256,471 254,435 120,210 106,424 41,803 64,036
M a in e . _________ ___________ 142,197 113,091 51,298 33,987 18,686 24,487
M a r y la n d __________________ 235,183 238,448 70,959 59.441 31,358 43,480
M a s s a c h u s e tts ________ _____ 369,728 356,265 324,368 180,168 24,963 40,905
M ic h ig a n ................... ................... 842,265 666,859 413,552 209,003 64,651 J.30,
M in n e s o ta .................................- 282,124 228,422 203,882 124,816 60,628 73,912
M is s is s ip p i.................................. 255,443 255,221 85,293 84,790 53,843 64,189
Missouri............................... 281,543 435,325 187,691 168,546 42,341 80.674
M ontana........................... 63,537 54,211 33,180 28,020 24,667 21,279
Nebraska.............................. 100, 316 110,799 42,210 47,894 35,604 38,827
Nevada................................. 22,021 31,228 3,973 6,691 10,314 12,831
New Hampshire............ 97,403 80,088 35,052 21,706 17,508 25,229
New Jersey.......................... 329,080 593,089 234,126 276,246 41,910 106,463
New Mexico_____ ______ 59,829 60,817 37,220 35,397 36,609 26,688
New Y ork-................... ...... 2,023, 415 1,830,509 580,357 565,768 165,223 247,286
North Carolina.-................ 373, 205 311,801 155,142 87,973 89,081 107,634
North Dakota............. ........ 65, 595 66,070 28,483 23,576 35,175 36,738
Ohio..................................... 645, 208 845,856 448,436 250,964 98,695 148,314
O klahom a.....................— 169, 507 206,158 58,744 87,153 43,698 60,477
Oregon.................................. 170,847 161,035 85,827 42,071 44,756 70,167
Pennsylvania....................... 1,171,939 1,270,220 1,027,812 413,439 112,175 124,310
Rhode Island.................... 91,516 ■96,305 69,135 37,631 10, 672 12,025
South Carolina.................... 154,305 128,861 131,900 104,579 28,061 37,373
South Dakota...................... 43,949 a 37,048 35,663 30,998 17,990 a 14,121
Tennessee............................. 167,459 167,263 145,618 134,731 46.113 6 i, iO0
Texas.................................... 834, 638 654,092 222, 536 301,004 378,266 360,897
Utah..................................... 76,380 112,897 18,898 23,437 14,760 19,523
Vermont.............................- 44,881 36.914 16, 657 15,640 10,446 14,033
Virginia................................ 272,149 257,399 50,372 52,720 59,135 74,212
Washington......................... 171, 367 228,603 135,195 114,061 23,281 75,729
West Virginia..................... 303, 965 251,035 158,454 74,733 33,799 41,370
Wisconsin______________ 446, 751 341,529 137,509 168,713 67,239 85.736
Wyoming............................. 38,485 42,847 9,305 9,013 12,792 12,325
i Florida State employment service not in complete operation during 1838 and January and February 1039;
private placement activity largely suspended.
3 South Dakota agonoy suspended operations July 28-Sept. 26, 1939.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Employment Security; figures published
currently in Social Socurity Bulletin.

267706'
No. 399.— P u b lic E m p l o y m e n t S e rv ic e s— P r i v a te a n d P u b lic P la c e m e n ts , b y M a jo r O c c u p a tio n a l G ro u p s, b y S ex, b y S ta t e s
a n d T e r r i t o r i e s : 1939
STATE OE TERRITORY
T otal i
A L L GROUPS
PROFESSIONAL
A N D K IN D R E D
W O RK ERS
N o t e .—See headnote, table 397
SALESPERSONS
CLERICAL
W O RK ERS
SERVICE
W O RK ERS
CRAFTSM EN
P R O P! j c t i o n
W OR KERB
PHTSICAL>LABOR
W O RK ERS
M e n Women M en W omen M en W omen M en Women M en W omen M en W omen M en W omen M en W omen
Grand total________ 3,478, B89
Private, total.______ 2,876,800
Alabama__ _______
Alaska____________
Arizona.....................
Arkansas.-....... ........
California..................
Colorado....................
Connecticut.._____
Delaware___ ______
District of Columbia.
Florida2___ ______
Georgia............. ........
Hawaii___________
Idaho..........................
Illinois......................—
Indiana......................
Iowa...........................
Kansas___________
Kentucky..................
Louisiana___ _____
M aine........ _.............
M aryland..................
Massachusetts..........
Michigan...................
Minnesota............
Mississippi................
Missouri.....................
M ontana..................
Nebraska................
Nevada......................
New Hampshire.......
For footnotes, see page 363.
38,555
1,861
26,028
41,340
221,619
45,075
42,455
14,149
36,081
21,975
55,888
3,019
24,115
135,270
83,683
61,087
24,459
20,301
51,873
16,467
31,534
28,741
101,634
54,587
23, S75
66,985
9,767
16,609
9 ,8 2 2
1 8 ,6 1 7
2 ,2 2 2 ,2 9 7 1 ,8 6 0 ,2 2 1 2 8 ,0 8 1 1 0 ,4 9 3 7 6 ,2 3 8 1 2 8 ,7 1 4 4 8 ,8 2 1 9 1 ,8 1 8 2 8 4 ,6 5 5 763, 902 296, 731 2 5 ,9 9 5 873,4 4 1 149,182 1,114,350 8 0 ,1 6 7
1 ,433,2 8 6 1 ,2 8 9 ,6 7 6 2 0 ,8 1 3 8 ,5 2 7 7 6 ,8 2 4 128,686 4 1 ,1 2 7 8 5 ,6 8 4 2 7 5 ,4 8 2 761, 765 183,3 3 6 2 5 ,9 3 6 2 2 5 ,2 7 3 148,9 3 2 8 1 1 ,4 1 1 8 0 ,0 4 5
13 201 135 3 4 5 05 1 ,3 4 5 3 56 541 2 ,1 8 4 4 ,9 1 4 3 ,0 8 7 629 3 ,6 8 1 2 ,6 5 7 1 5 ,4 0 4 3 ,0 8 1
*85 13 3 8 5 20 22 360 351 2 2 7 0 188 3 6 2 0 1
« 733 178 91 4 30 387 142 323 2 , 600 6 ,0 7 0 877 8 1 ,0 0 9 84 1 1 ,9 7 6 1 ,8 2 0
66 32 646 845 219 525 2 ,5 5 6 8 ,1 3 8 1 ,0 6 4 74 1 ,1 2 7 404 2 1 ,3 3 9 4 ,3 0 2
09 4-11 5 ,0 9 6 3 ,1 0 6 6 ,0 0 2 9 ,5 9 3 4 ,1 9 1 1 0 ,1 9 4 2 2 ,2 0 8 5 8 ,8 0 4 1 4 ,2 9 9 817 1 2 ,9 0 7 1 2 ,8 2 7 5 7 ,4 9 4 4 , 070
U 0 22 272 83 1 ,2 5 2 672 615 1 ,1 6 0 3 ,4 9 4 1 1 ,0 2 1 1 ,7 5 4 181 4 ,0 9 9 662 1 7 ,7 5 2 1 ,1 4 3
VO 929 301 94 998 1 ,6 6 1 1 ,1 2 9 1 ,5 3 7 4 ,5 9 2 1 1 ,8 7 5 4 ,9 9 7 858 4, 521 4 ,5 1 8 4 ,9 4 9 386
R* AfiV 446 10 165 380 85 191 744 4 ,7 5 9 1 ,1 4 3 49 489 538 2 ,5 4 9 2 ,5 3 5
154 86 737 1 ,1 1 6 705 1 ,2 6 7 6 ,2 8 5 1 9 ,4 7 3 2 ,2 5 8 32 1 ,0 3 0 315 2 ,6 0 1 57
9* 389 323 49 628 4 10 4 58 793 1 ,8 6 7 3 ,7 2 9 1 ,2 6 9 66 2 ,3 2 1 4 ,0 4 4 5 ,6 3 6 298
1 9 ,9 9 2 463 134 1 ,0 8 5 1 ,4 0 3 1 ,1 5 0 987 5 ,7 6 6 8 ,3 8 5 4 ,4 4 9 909 5 ,0 7 2 4 ,4 1 1 1 7 ,8 5 3 3 .7 6 3
26 3 36 50 47 65 4 82 1 ,0 0 2 335 3 118 12 818 20
7 811 8 6 76 419 385 119 204 1 ,4 0 7 6 ,0 4 7 915 160 2 ,6 0 4 2 0 2 1 0 ,7 1 9 737
730 2 42 4 ,3 1 3 6 ,7 9 1 2 .5 1 9 5 ,9 9 3 1 6 ,6 3 7 4 6 ,2 8 1 8 ,3 0 4 766 1 0 ,6 2 8 7 ,0 9 0 2 2 ,9 2 6 2 ,0 4 3
4 6 ,4 1 6 731 247 3 ,7 3 2 6 ,4 7 1 1 ,3 7 9 4 ,3 2 3 8 ,3 5 8 3 0 ,0 9 6 5 ,8 4 9 470 5 ,1 3 4 2 ,4 7 7 1 2 ,0 7 0 2 ,3 3 2
28, 366 324 134 2, 376 3, 663 8 52 2 ,2 2 4 6 ,6 4 4 1 9 ,6 7 8 3 ,9 0 7 150 5 ,9 1 0 1 ,9 1 0 1 2 ,7 0 6 607
lfi| 704 107 43 1 ,0 0 8 1 ,0 1 2 402 561 3 ,3 7 4 8 ,5 2 2 1, 420 24 2 ,0 2 4 4 07 5 ,4 1 9 135
10 303 81 77 706 1, 649 4 97 941 2 ,3 9 9 6 ,3 6 9 1 ,3 1 1 101 2 ,0 3 2 4 86 2 ,9 6 0 6 80
90, fiSS 237 67 1 ,1 0 3 1 ,8 7 7 665 1 .2 6 2 4 ,9 2 7 1 5 ,4 4 5 3 ,4 4 5 203 2 ,6 8 2 2 ,8 5 4 1 6 ,1 2 5 980
8 ,0 0 3 51 21 379 585 225 300 1 ,1 3 2 4 ,1 7 4 2, 656 707 1 ,3 0 8 9 89 2 ,6 7 3 1 ,2 2 7
1 2 ,301 2 0 5 5 2 7 59 1 ,0 2 3 8 51 1 ,2 8 9 2 ,8 9 8 7 ,1 5 3 6 ,2 7 6 2 7 9 2 ,3 7 7 1 ,4 7 8 5 ,7 9 1 1 ,0 2 7
16] 039 191 57 1 ,2 1 3 1 ,8 5 7 610 1 ,1 6 5 2 ,3 7 5 8 ,6 9 0 3 ,8 0 6 9 4 2 2 ,2 4 5 2 ,7 8 1 2 ,1 0 0 547
45', 070 1 ,4 6 7 182 3 ,5 7 0 4 ,0 8 4 1 ,2 3 3 3 ,0 0 7 8 , 279 3 1 ,5 0 4 1 1 ,3 1 4 909 1 1 ,2 8 4 3 ,6 5 1 1 9 ,4 1 3 1 ,7 3 3
27] 280 1 55 83 1 ,4 5 8 1 ,6 9 0 665 1 ,5 5 5 3 ,3 7 3 22, 517 2 ,9 0 6 2 07 7 ,3 9 4 709 1 1 ,4 8 6 519
9 ,3 9 2 57 32 373 1 ,4 5 4 214 3 8 4 1 ,8 3 2 3 ,6 1 4 749 3 53 1 ,6 5 4 1 ,3 7 1 9 ,6 0 0 2 ,2 8 4
29, 828 423 238 2 ,3 8 6 2 ,5 8 4 2 ,0 6 1 3 ,0 5 7 6 ,5 6 6 1 5 ,9 4 7 5 ,2 0 4 1 ,4 4 8 3 ,2 4 5 3 ,2 3 0 1 7 ,1 9 4 3 ,3 2 4
2 ,6 9 9 35 6 201 146 89 101 509 2 ,4 0 3 844 17 1 ,8 4 6 18 3 ,5 3 9 8
9 120 7 ,4 8 9 89 37 740 609 247 757 2 ,2 8 4 5 ,7 2 8 727 39 1 ,1 0 8 185 3 ,9 2 5 1 3 6
3 ,3 6 2 54 5 3 22 292 76 103 1 ,0 1 5 2 ,8 7 7 1, 293 14 7 29 69 2 ,9 6 6 2
1 3 ,0 9 2 6 ,5 1 0 22 11 300 356 103 2 07 1 ,0 8 0 3 ,6 0 4 1, 564 503 6 ,1 3 4 7 22 3 ,8 8 9 1 07
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES'
CO
C*

N o. 399. - —P u b lic E m ploym ent S e rv ic e s—P r i v a te a n d P u b lic P lai
and T ek r ito h ie s:
STATE OR TERRITORY T o ta l*
ALL GROUPS
PROFESSIONAL
AND KINDRED
w o r k e r s
SALESPERSONS
M e n W o m e n M e n W o m e n M e n W o m e n
P riv a te — C o n tin u e d .
N e w J e rs e y ......................... 09,578 33,449 66,121 527 120 2,817 3,357
N e w M e x ic o _____________ 21,311 15,966 5,328 385 57 '2 0 6 267
N e w Y o r k ................................ 202,1 2 4 86,218 115,143 1 , 773 1,115 4,575 10,108
N o r t h C a r o lin a ..................... 63,431 31,010 32,323 323 89 1,800 9 119.
N o r t h D a k o ta ....................... 31,290 22,285 9,004 46 12 362 306
O h io ........................... .............. 128,932 61,215 67,680 1,220 188 6,097 5,826
O k la h o m a _____ ______ 46,169 25,912 20,234 120 55 913 946
O r e g o n . .............. ................... 50,460 37,976 11,772 341 90 387 460
P e n n s y lv a n ia ................ 94,269 38,356 55,808 804 256 3,827 8,130
R h o d e I s la n d ................ . 9,047 3 ,4 4 0 5,599 49 27 214 300
S o u th C a ro lin a ..................... 15,900 9,896 6,004 34 4 251 491
South Dakota1........... 8,718 4,585 4,132 24 17 326
T e n n e s s e e _________________ 46, 577 22,912 23.663 188 93 1,045 1,722
T e x a s____ ________________ 295,875 180,290 115,585 858 322 9,233 29.031
U t a h ........................................... 15,004 8.457 6.539 399 25 246 ' 76D
V e r m o n t____ _____________ 9,069 5,164 3,905 32 13 170 337
V i r g in i a .................................. 44,332 21,918 22,316 165 36 733
W a s h in g to n __ .................... 66,627 44,284 22,340 487 569 1,632 1 9 3 1
W e s t V ir g in ia ___. . . . . . . 29,591 13,547 15.661 187 37 1,141 l ‘ 692
W is c o n s in _______________ 63,801 30,691 32,868 323 112 1,988 3 j6 l2
W y o m in g _______ ________ 6,724 4,884 1,839 10 5 n o 144
P u b lic , total________ 300,589 789,081 10,648 7,248 1,966 414 28
A la b a m a ______ _________ 15,544 15,422 122 169 37 0
A l a s k a . _____________ 3,047 2,978 65 14 0 o
A riz o n a _______________ 4,868 4,801 65 65 11 o
Arkansas.......................... 12,556 12,433 223 168 13 3
C a lifo rn ia ........................... 37,246 36,311 935 463 104 6
C o lo ra d o ................................... 9 ,012 8,685 326 199 225 1
C o n n e c tic u t........ .......... 11,307 11,235 72 156 17 10
D e la w a r e ................ ........ 4,015 3,993 20 31 g
D is tr ic t o f C o lu m b ia ____ 4,563 4.441 122 38 10 1
F lo r id a ___________ ______ 15,528 15,335 74 125 6 5
G e o rg ia ...................................... 34,334 34,150 180 380 26 0
H a w a ii . . . _ 3,014 2.982 31 17 2 0 0

CEMENTS, BY M aJOR OCCUPATIONAL GROUPS, b y S e x , b y S t a t e s
1939— Continued
362
CLERICAL
W O RK ERS
SERVICE
W O RK ERS
CRAFTSMEN
PRODUCTION
W O RK ERS
PHYSICAL-LABOR
W O RK ERS
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women
1,618 3,121 6,999 40,893 8,348 1,837 4,706 12,671 8,434 4,122 G i
110 224 648 3,085 461 12 1,524 52 12,632 1, 631 fe
4,794 16,509 21,561 65,346 15,306 3,258 12,583 14,858 25,626 3,949 V)
714 1,328 10,032 19,019 4,248 1,475 3,992 6,597 9,901 1,70B
277 363 1,292 7.4 94 430 5 6,172 775 13,706 49
1,838 4,584 14,361 49,917 8,849 645 8,167 3,266 20,683 3,254
718 781 4,782 13,985 1,164 75 2,241 1,265 15,974 3,127
270 556 2,794 5,229 2,955 154 8,126 2,703 23,103 2,580
1,869 3,079 4,930 33,661 9,570 2,029 6,222 7,327 11,134 1,326
286 554 679 2,511 1,073 736 568 1,223 571 179
208 198 2,339 3,618 1,218 368 1,375 812 4,470 483
59 205 1,022 3,058 401 6 1,003 888 1,750 39
799 958 5,460 14,393 2,200 995 2,099 2,276 11,121 3,226 25
3,167 3,521 54,529 58,817 13,569 1,483 34,679 18,802 64.255 3,609
119 272 358 2,245 500 23 1,231 2,448 5,604 766
83 171 809 3,134 633 19 1,004 141 2,433 90
362 554 4,134 10,686 4,300 910 4,724 7,239 7,500 1, 479
721 792 3,092 7, 881 2, 419 327 8,693 3,197 27,240 6,643 a
383 801 1,620 12,263 3,073 200 1,728 599 5.415 139 £*
817 1,973 5,207 23,807 4,167 459 6,149 1,077 12,040 1,828
90 107 607 1,555 203 2 487 12 3,377 14
g
7,994 8,134 9,17S 2,137 1.13,395 59 148,188 200 502,939 122 tel
63 82 44 2 2,726 0 2,252 1 10,168 0
15 9 23 54 116 0 124 1 2,686 0
36 48 108 6 795 0 920 0 2,877 0
75 71 67 38 1,175 0 1,638 0 9,307 0
659 592 904 223 7,364 1 7,634 8 19,276 2
244 86 79 11 431 0 2,430 2 5,301 2
323 42 203 13 1,232 0 2,529 0 6,782 0
22 9 25 2 556 0 554 0 2,805 0
141 101 140 5 579 0 673 6 2,869 0
184 54 133 12 2,013 1 1,921 1 10,954 0
106 137 214 13 5,730 1 4,202 1 23,518 1
18 17 17 7 240 0 269 1 2,421 4
=3

Idaho................... .
Illinois________
Indiana............—
Iow a.________
K ansas.................
K entucky............
Louisiana______
M aine_________
M aryland............
M assachusetts—.
M ichigan______
M innesota_____
M ississippi_____
M issouri—...........
M ontana_______
N ebraska._____
N evada________
New Hampshire-
New Jersey____
New Mexico___
New Y ork_____
N orth Carolina..
N orth D akota.
Ohio___________
Oklahoma_____
Oregon________
Pennsylvania__
Rhode Island___
South Carolina..
South D akota 3_.
Tennessee............
Texas__________
U tah .....................
V erm ont_______
Virginia...............
■Washington____
W est Virginia__
Wisconsin_____
W yoming.........
8,216
3,698
4,306
29,296
9,415
12,955
12,163
8,020
11,946
12,224
28,909
19,355
40,314
13,689
11,512
22,218
3,009
6,612
6,885
5,377
45,162
44,203
5,448
19,382
14,308
19,707
30,041
2,978
21,473
5,403
14, 529
65,022
4,519
4,964
29,880
9,102
11,779
21,935
5,601
8,130
3,383
3,894
28,246
9,364
12,878
11.963
7,991
11,924
12, 111
28, 662
19,104
40,204
13,600
11,277
21,932
2.963
6,457
6,611
5,268
44,442
43,830
5,309
19,063
14,217
19,543
29,654
2,824
21,362
5,316
14,431
64, 728
4,430
4, 951
29,767
8,567
11, 705
20,617
5, 547
85 46 2 1
315 130 119 320
412 132 64 2
958 261 184 0
51 46 6 0
53 56 4 0
200 78 43 2
24 39 2 0
19 43 2 5
113 133 28 1
244 280 27 0
242 113 17 1
52 67 3 5
84 29 14 1
225 213 26 2
274 201 132 1
38 13 4 0
144 25 6 0
274 431 13 1
91 78 9 0
669 566 155 4
357 232 138 7
139 54 45 0
319 180 22 2
91 50 16 1
114 160 16 0
373 340 52 1
154 13 3 0
111 118 32 11
84 61 37 0
91 123 0 0
294 272 13 7
82 58 2 3
12 46 4 0
101 124 23 0
399 112 9 2
64 61 2 3
1,097 419 232 4
52 15 0 1
2 30 44 138
1 385 155 93
0 53 248 155
1 379 481 412
0 51 34 85
I 40 52 50
0 136 130 77
0 16 12 32
0 23 15 90
17 26 227
0 218 176 290
0 124 146 108
0 129 42 107
0 119 63 34
0301 160 149 136
219 126 149
31 22 52
111 82 83
0 251 215 173
100010030 35 72 70
638 349 791
116 164 267
31 80 42
113 166 284
47 49 63
285 77 532
633 291 91
76 108 25
0 76 65 317
1000010310 30 38 153
60 17 109
258 267 655
53 73 35
17 7 5
354 65 232
175 252 300
63 46 47
244 451 628
12 31 79
33 962
40 237
97 323
249 3,240
11 1,154
5 2,447
27 878
7 1,143
1 2,962
59 1,621
39 5,346
77 2, 360
6 1,898
5 1,181
30 2,137
12 2,353
11 375
52 608
40 930
8 373
141 12,284
43 8,115
14 558
128 2,479
24 1, 602
13 2,948
23 3, 520
6 372
13 2,994
7 320
6 1,924
13 5,217
7 461
1 724
10 6,506
121 1,087
13 1,297
338 4, 639
21 863
0 2,704
0 240
0 266
1 6,656
0 1,367
0 1,509
0 886
2 1,403
0 1,660
0 4,244
0 6,749
0 5,350
0 6,321
0 1, 535
7 2, 573
0 4, 604
0 620
0 1,459
0 993
0 1,525
0 11,340
0 5,018
0 2,350
0 2, 410
1 2,136
2 7, 031
0 4,638
36 379
0 3,801
0 2,415
0 1, 685
1 12, 572
0 988
0 1,096
0 3, 660
4 3,029
0 1,976
2
0
2,429
1,405
3
0
4.249
1,978
1
0
3
42
2,963
17,298
0
0
0 6,661 0
0 8,776 1
0 9,906 0
1 5,358 0
1 7,141 0
0 5,868 0
2 15,779 0
2 11,048 0
0 31,677 1
2 10,701 0
12 6,056 1
1 14,405 0
1 1,872 0
0 4,171 3
0 3, 832 6
1 3,187 0
21 18,819 3
11 30,075 1
0 2,274 0
2 13,595 0
1 10,318 0
6 8, 587 0
3 20, 431 1
1 1,959 0
1 14,045 0
1 2, 337 0
44 10, 530 24
0 45, 747 0
0 2,832 0
0 3.063 0
2 18,891 0
13 3,862 0
0 8,258 0
2 12,254 71
0 3,172 0
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES
i Totals include 3,459 private placements and 912 public placements w ith occupation unspecified, not shown separately and n ot included elsewhere,
a Florida State employment service was not in complete operation during January and February; private placem ent activity was largely suspended.
* South D akota agency suspended operations July 28 to Sept. 26.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Em ploym ent Security; Social Security Yearbook.
CO
05
CO

W A G E S, H O U R S , AND E M P L O Y M E N T
No, 400.— P u b lic Employm ent Services— P la cei
STATE OR TERRITORY
AIL GROUPS *
AGRICUL-
TUKE, FOR­
ESTRY, AND
FISHING
Total M en Women M en
W o­
men
M en
Women
Women
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
10
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
3d
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
60
51
62
Total....................
A labam a......... _..........
Alaska_______ „____
Arizona........................
A rkansas____ ______
California.....................
Colorado......................
Connecticut................
D elaw are.....................
D istrict of Columbia.
Florida.........................
G eo rg ia.................
H a w a ii....................
Idaho.........................
Illinois— . ...................
In d ia n a .....................
Iow a..............................
K ansas____________
K entucky....................
Louisiana....................
M aine........................
M aryland...................
M assachusetts............
M ichigan................. ...
M innesota...................
M ississippi..................
M issouri......................
M ontana.....................
N ebraska.....................
N evada........................
New Ham pshire........
N ew Jersey.................
N ew Mexico...............
New Y ork...................
N orth Carolina..........
N orth D akota............
Ohio..............................
Oklahoma...................
Oregon.........................
Pennsylvania.............
Rhode Island...........
South Carolina..........
South D akota............
Tennessee....................
Texas..........................
U ta h .............................
Verm ont___________
Virginia.......................
W ashington................
W est Virginia.............
W isconsin...................
W yom ing....................
3,470, 011 2,225,498 1,251,113 307,673 40,755
54, 099 40,770 13,323 5,309 2,067
4,907 4,455 452 82 2
30,879 22,028 8,851 9,282 1,851
53,896 39,451 14,445 18, 531 4,055
258, 864 158,514 100,35C 35,247 4,118
54,085 38,831 15,254 18,200 990
53,762 32; 731 21,031 2, 50C 233
18, 161 9,082 8,471 122 63
40, 044 18,216 22, 428 20 1
37,352 27,883 9,469 156 72
90, 222 70,005 20,217 5,45C 1,731
6, 033 4,847 1,180 84 0
32, 329 24,431 7,80S 10,45S 782
138,968 69,443 69, 525 5,67E GO
87, 989 41,161 46,82* 2,295 69
90, 383 01,02C 29,362 6,983 457
33,874 23, HE 10,755 1,805 12
33,255 22,88C 10,375 637 44
64, 039 41,147 22,889 4, 716 373
24, 484 16,450 8,034 2,170 50
43,480 31,143 12,337 931 34
40,965 24,603 16,305 601 12
130, 543 85,228 45,315 8,285 182
73, 940 46,414 27,52( 11,679 342
64,189 64,714 9,475 6,832 2,025
80,068 50,743 29,925 9,218 2,618
21,277 18,353 2,924 3,634 63
38,827 31,004 7,762 1,784 30
12,831 9,429 3,402 1,000 140
25,229 19,570 5.659 5,420 20
106,402 40,004 66,398 1,847 119
26,687 21,268 5,419 12,487 1,625
247,277 131,241 116,036 6,222 332
107,626 74,867 32,759 1,794 1,119
36,738 27, 694 9,14< 10,381 54
148,314 80,30C 68,014 6,530 233
GO, 477 40,145 20, 332 13,154 3,068
70,167 58,27S 11,88S 19,344 1,205
124,267 08,072 56,195 1,658 82
12,025 6,265 5,700 47 2
37,373 31, 258 6,115 714 357
14,120 9,904 4,21( 874 0
91,106 37,351 23,755 7,104 3,060
360,896 245,017 115,87G 4,206 56
19, 523 12,891 6,632 3,184 771
14,033 10, lie 3,917 1,709 31
74, 212 51,787 22,425 485 33
76,729 52,903 22,766 26,174 6,023
41,370 25,629 15,741 503 5
86,713 51,667 34, 04C 4, 086 86
12, 325 10,433 1,892 1,497 12
300 841,327 1,402
Lxcludos 278 placements w ith industry unspecified.
uree: Federal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Emci<
rd8.

P U B L IC E M P L O Y M E N T SERVICES' 365
I ndustrial G roups, b y Se x , b y States and T e r r i t o r i e s : 1939
table 397
MANUFACTUR­
ING
PROFESSIONAL,
COMMERCIAL,
AND MECHAN­
ICAL SERVICES
DISTRIBUTION
PERSONAL
SERVICE,
HOTELS, RES­
TAURANTS,
AND
AMUSEMENTS
GOVERN­
MENTAL
SERVICE
TRANSPORTA­
TION, COM­
MUNICATION,
AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
WORK-
RELIEF
PROJECTS
Men
Wom
en
Men
Men
Men
Men
Men
Women
Women
Women
Women
Women
Mon
Women
3 S B , 0 7 7 2 0 9 , 1 7 5 1 0 8 , 2 5 9 5 7 , 9 8 5 1 7 0 , 1 3 1 1 7 9 , 8 0 0 3 0 9 , 7 8 5 7 4 8 , 3 7 3 4 2 , 7 2 8 6 , 4 6 1 5 8 , 9 8 9 3 , 1 3 7 4 6 , 5 9 1 3 , 9 4 1
1 1 , 0 4 1 4 , 1 5 4 7 4 1 4 1 2 1 , 3 8 7 1 , 5 8 1 2 , 2 6 6 4 , 9 4 4 100 3 7 8 0 9 3 4 8 5 9 8 4
120 3 6 9 1 3 1 3 7 1 3 6 6 5 3 5 3 1 3 8 12 1 2 7 2 2 , 4 1 2 5 3
1 , 1 4 4 1 1 8 6 9 9 3 0 4 7 2 9 4 5 3 2 , 8 5 3 6 , 0 1 5 1 2 7 19 0 7 7 3 4 4 8 9 4 5
1 . 3 5 4 8 0 6 7 8 9 4 1 3 1 , 3 0 4 8 8 2 3 , 4 0 0 8,121 2 0 8 66 3 7 0 2 7 6 3 2 5 1
2 3 , 5 0 8 1 6 , 0 3 7 8 , 7 9 0 7 , 3 3 0 1 1 , 4 1 0 1 3 , 6 2 6 2 5 , 6 3 8 5 8 , 0 5 0 4 , 4 5 9 8 3 4 3 , 8 0 3 5 3 3 1 , 1 4 0 7 2
1 , 0 6 0 1 , 1 7 4 1 , 4 4 9 7 9 0 2 , 9 0 3 1 , 2 3 3 4 , 5 7 3 1 0 , 6 8 5 1, 3 8 7 2 3 5 7 1 5 3 5 4 0 8 9 1
7 , 8 4 2 6 , 0 9 8 1 , 0 3 9 0 4 3 2 , 2 8 4 2 , 2 4 1 4 , 5 0 0 1 1 , 3 9 5 1 , 7 0 8 64 7 2 9 3C 200 8
2 , 6 4 5 3 , 0 9 2 2 4 9 1 5 7 4 7 1 4 7 0 1 , 2 8 3 4 , 6 6 3 1 0 6 7 122 4 4 8 1 3
3 1 5 1 5 0 1 , 4 3 5 1 , 1 2 4 1 , 8 6 5 1 , 5 1 3 7 , 6 2 0 1 9 , 4 7 3 5 8 5 122 4 8 5 3 3 1 0
2 , 7 9 2 2 , 5 2 7 6 7 1 3 9 7 5 , 1 4 2 2 , 5 3 6 2 , 1 8 3 3 , 7 9 2 5 6 2 3 6 4 8 4 4 1 9 3 9 2 8
8 , 4 5 0 5 , 9 4 7 1 , 4 7 3 5 0 8 4 , 3 2 1 3 , 2 3 2 6,100 8 , 5 3 2 3 3 2 1 4 8 2 , 0 3 7 5 ? 4 7 6 2 5
2 8 8 2 4 1 1 4 4 7 1 4 4 9 7 5 8 6 9 8 2 220 12 3 5 a 1 , 5 8 3 1 9
6 4 0 3 3 3 6 3 1 2 4 6 1 , 0 0 6 6 2 0 1 , 8 8 9 5 , 8 0 5 2 , 1 4 6 70 3 0 8 13 5 4 2
2 1 , 3 8 1 9 , 0 9 1 6 , 8 3 0 3 , 9 3 1 9 , 9 4 9 1 0 , 0 4 2 1 6 , 9 1 2 4 4 , 9 4 4 1 , 1 7 3 i m 2 , 6 5 0 1 5 9 3 4 2 2 1 4
1 1 , 0 4 6 6 , 1 9 1 3 , 3 9 5 2 , 5 8 4 6, 9 8 6 8 , 3 2 3 1 0 , 4 1 3 20,020 6 1 6 3 9 0 1 , 4 2 6 198 1 9 4 22
5 , 7 8 7 2 , 7 7 2 2 , 5 1 0 1 , 3 4 1 5 , 2 6 4 4 , 5 9 6 7 , 9 5 9 1 9 , 0 6 2 8 1 6 3 5 5 1 , 5 1 1 1 0 6 1 , 7 5 8 0 3 1
1 , 4 1 1 • 6 4 0 1 , 5 4 2 4 3 1 1 , 8 7 4 1 , 0 7 9 4 , 3 4 2 8 , 4 8 6 1 5 2 44 7 8 3 4 8 6 2 5
1 , 7 6 0 1 , 3 0 8 6 4 7 3 6 1 1 , 6 0 7 2, 2 0 6 2 , 7 2 9 6 , 3 4 9 44 2 7 2 3 8 23 3 4 4 33
4 , 0 9 3 3 , 5 5 8 1 , 5 0 1 686 2 , 3 3 1 2 , 4 1 3 5 , 0 8 4 1 6 , 5 7 5 2 7 8 77 3 , 0 4 8 4 8 5 1 4 120
2 , 5 0 6 2 , 8 8 1 4 0 6 2 3 0 9 2 3 7 5 5 1 , 4 0 2 4 , 0 8 3 4 1 15 3 1 2 9 5 0 8
4 , 6 3 8 2 , 7 7 3 1, 2 8 1 5 9 0 2 , 0 9 4 1 ,8 9 0 3 , 4 4 8 6, 9 5 3 2 8 1 1 3 6 3 6 5 2 7 8 3 5
5 , 0 1 2 4 , 5 3 7 9 4 7 7 3 1 2 , 1 4 9 2 , 0 8 6 2 , 3 7 2 8 , 8 0 5 5 9 2 8 3 3 3 4 1 9 3 2 0 2 9
1 0 , 0 3 3 6 , 8 9 0 5 , 0 3 3 1 , 7 4 6 0 , 1 7 4 5 , 8 3 2 1 0 , 2 0 8 3 0 , 1 7 8 4 7 5 1 4 4 1 , 7 0 3 1 7 1 8 4 5 9 8
2 , 6 7 3 1, 6G 0 1 , 9 7 2 1 , 2 6 5 2 , 9 5 0 2 , 6 4 9 5 , 0 3 6 2 1 , 3 5 8 9 6 8 1 8 2 8 0 9 72 2 4 2 3 5
3 , 2 2 0 1 , 0 0 6 6 2 2 202 7 4 5 1 , 4 7 8 1 , 9 2 5 3 , 6 9 5 2 3 8 3 6 3 3 8 20 1 5 1 3 9
5 , 0 7 4 5 , 4 1 2 5 , 2 4 4 1 , 7 6 2 4 , 4 5 1 3 , 8 8 1 8 , 1 0 7 1 5 , 9 8 4 2 9 0 5 6 1 ,0 3 1 1 3 1 1 8 8 20
2 8 3 5 5 1 7 0 1 2 5 3 9 6 1 5 6 5 4 3 2 , 2 7 7 3 7 3 9 2 2 8 1 1 4 8 6 4 1 3 1
7 0 5 3 5 1 1 , 1 2 3 5 5 2 1 , 4 9 2 8 8 3 2 , 4 1 6 5 , 6 5 4 6 7 5 2 1 7 4 0 0 15 1 4 6 4 3
2 6 7 3 4 2 9 6 1 2 3 5 6 9 3 8 3 1 , 4 2 1 2 , 0 3 9 6 5 6 1 6 555 9 6 2 1 7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13-
1 4
15
1 8
1 7
1 8
1 9
20
21
22
2 3
2 4
25
2 6
2 7
2 8
2 9
3 0
4 , 5 5 9 1 , 3 8 2 2 0 5 1 6 7 9 2 3 4 3 6 1 , 2 8 3 3 , 4 9 6 2 ,4 3 1 8 0 2 6 1 7 9 0 0 6 5
1 4 , 3 1 0 1 9 , 0 0 7 2 , 5 0 4 1, 3 3 9 4 , 0 0 3 5 , 1 4 4 7 , 2 1 9 4 0 , 4 1 2 6 4 9 8 5 7 7 5 6 2 5 6 1 1 8 4
5 2 5 3 4 2 1 5 1 7 3 4 8 1 3 1 4 9 7 5 3 , 1 4 9 5 3 4 60 1 3 0 23 3 7 5 2 3
2 1 , 3 8 5 2 3 , 3 6 6 7 , 7 2 5 1 1 , 99C 12, 0 9 1 1 5 , 6 6 1 2 0 , 5 9 0 6 3 , 5 3 5 1 , 5 8 6 4 0 6 9 , 8 7 8 3 1 0 1 4 , 7 1 6 1 7 3
6 , 3 0 3 5 , 1 5 4 1 , 3 6 8 0 0 6 3 , 9 6 8 6, 2 0 ? 1 1 , 3 8 8 1 8 , 9 1 8 4 6 9 1 0 3 5 5 7 6 7 1 , 2 6 8 2 5 3
7 2 7 8 1 7 8 0 8 3 2 3 1 , 1 5 6 4 3 7 1 , 7 0 6 7 , 3 4 6 1 6 8 1 3 1 7 3 9 15 33 6
1 7 , 0 4 7 8, 3 9 2 5 , 6 5 5 3 , 0 1 1 9 , 3 2 7 7 , 3 2 6 1 6 , 4 0 3 4 8 , 5 1 5 5 5 3 2 2 9 1 , 9 0 2 1 3 0 6 9 2 8 0
1 , 6 2 4 1 , 3 4 8 1, 2 1 2 6 6 5 2, 21G 1 ,0 3 1 5 ,7 2 4 1 4 , 09C 110 68 4 1 0 3U 4 7 5 1 9
8 , 6 8 3 3 , 2 5 ? 1 ,2 5 8 61C 1 , 4 6 9 1 , 5 6 5 2 , 8 8 7 5 , 0 9 1 4 , 7 0 2 63 1 , 6 5 8 3 5 3 1 6 4 4
1 4 , 4 0 8 1 1 , 6 2 9 3 , 4 4 6 1 , 5 7 2 5 , 8 1 4 9 , 8 6 2 5 , 8 9 3 3 2 , 5 2 0 1 , 1 4 9 2 4 4 1, 3 1 6 1 0 3 6 , 0 4 7 1 2 3
3 1
3 2
3 3
3 4
3 5
3 6
3 7
38
3 9
40
1 , 6 9 8 2 , 3 3 4 1 8 6 200 5 1 8 5 4 6 6 3 7 2 , 5 0 0 7 1 28 1 3 4 12 4 8 8 1 2 6
2 , 5 8 5 9 1 1 4 0 2 1 4 2 2 , 0 1 5 9 7 4 3 , 0 3 4 3 , 0 0 1 1 8 0 2S 100 9 9 7 3 7 8
6 5 0 4 5 2 3 7 3 2 3 3 0 9 6 4 6 ? 1, 2 5 9 2 ,9 6 9 1 , 4 0 5 73 2 2 7 0 7 0 9
2 , 6 0 8 3 , 4 7 £ 1 , 4 4 1 658 2 , 5 7 2 2, 1 0 c 6 , 28C 1 4 , 30C 2 2 5 a t 5 2 0 4 9 2 4 5 8
4 2 , 8 6 0 2 1 , 50C 2 4 , 0 1 1 2 , 80C 2 3 , 2 9 2 3 0 , 8 5 4 5 7 , 0 9 9 6 0 , 1 4 2 1 , 2 8 7 22C 5 , 7 8 9 1 6 3 5 2 5 4 2
3 , 1 0 6 2 , 4 4 ? 228 1 7 7 6 0 6 9BC 5 8 4 2 ,1 8 4 6 2 2 63 3 3 7 11 2 0 6 2 8
6 5 2 2 6 5 1 9 6 9 2 3 8 6 4 1 5 1 , 0 8 ? 3 , 10C 4 1 9 3 121 5 3 6 9
7 , 5 7 2 4 , 673 95C 34C 4 , 4 0 0 6 , 6 6 5 4 , 5 8 7 1 0 , 5 6 6 1 ,1 5 4 4? 6 5 6 31 1 3 8 44
6 , 3 8 1 2 , 6 2 7 1, 51? 1 , 0 1 5 2 , 56C 4 , 9 0 2 4 , 2 3 2 7 , 7 3 0 2 , 3 8 2 1 5 2 5 5 4 20 6 2 4 2 5 8
1 , 7 2 ? 1,000 1 ,2 3 1 4 6 5 1 , 8 6 5 1 ,8 9 ? 2 ,3 3 d 1 2 , 1 7 ( 6 1 6 31 3 9 4 4 7 2 5 6 21
9 ,6 0 S 4 ,0 8 t 1,3 9 4 1 , 5 8 5 4, 444 4 , 5 0 2 5 , 97C 2 2 , 6 1 2 2. o o e 70S 2 , 3 3 0 4 9 1 3 0 3 3 9 4
1 8 9 1 9 2 0 4 8 1 3 2 8 1 8 6 8 1 9 1 , 5 2 9 2 5 8 4 3 6 3 5 9 1 4 8 4
4 1
4 2
4 3
4 4
4 5
4 6
4 7
4 8
4 0
5 0
5 1
5 2

15. SOCIAL SECURITY
[Lata in this seotion relate to continental United States, Alaska, and Hawaii, except as noted]
GENERAL NOTE
O l d - a g e a n d S u r v i v o r s I n s u r a n c e .—Federal old-age and survivors insurance, administered by the
8ocial Security Board under the Social Security Act as amended in August 1930, covers employment in
industry and commerce. Specified employments are excepted, notably agricultural labor, domestic service,
services for government and for certain types of nonprofit organizations, and self-employment. In
January 1940, monthly benefits became payable to qualified workers at age 65 and also to certain dependents
of beneficiaries and certain survivors of insured workers. Benefits are based on tbo legally defined
average wage of the insured and are paid from the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund,
to which is appropriated annually an amount equal to the total taxes paid by employers and employees
under the Federal Insurance Contributions Act. (A separate system, administered by the Railroad
Retirement Board, covers employees of railroads and certain of their subsidiaries and affiliates. See pp.
384 to 383.)
Figures for 1937 published in the 1939 edition of the Statistical Abstract are not comparable with 1933
figures given in tables 401 to 404.
U n e m p l o y m e n t C o m p e n s a t i o n .—The Federal-State unemployment compensation program provides
for payments to persons who are able and willing to work but are unable to find jobs. The contributions
collected under State laws are designed to provide a fund to be used solely for this purpose. Employers,
and in some States employees also, contribute definite proportions of pay rolls and wages to a special
fund, from which qualified unemployed workers may draw benefits, limited as a rule by the amount of
their prior employment and the wage rate. Under the Social Security Act the Social Security Board has
two statutory responsibilities in the administration of the unemployment-compensation program. It
certifies each year to the Secretary of the Treasury, for normal and additional tax-credit purposes, the State
laws which conform to the standards prescribed; it also certifies grants to defray necessary costs of administering
the State program for those States which, in law and administration, conform to the standards
prescribed in title m of the act. Funds are certified in the amounts determined by the Board to be
necessary for tbo proper administration of State laws, including administration of employment servicos
in connection with payment of benefits. Funds for State employment services are also allocated by the
Board under the provisions of the Wagner-Peyser Act.
Public A s s i s t a n c e .—Under the Social Security Act, the Federal Government shares with the States
the costs of assistance given to needy persons and families. The assistance in which the Federal and State
governments are thus collaborating is of three types: (1) Aid to needy persons aged 65 and over, (2) aid to
the needy blind, and (8) aid to dependent children under the age of 16 who have been deprived of parental
support, or under the age of 18 if regularly attending school. To receive a Federal grant under any one of
these programs, a State must submit a plan which can be approved by the Social Security Board as meeting
the basic requirements of the act, and, after approval of its plan, must supply with its requests for
Federal funds the data required by the Board.
Public assistance under the Social Security Act obviously is related to other forms of publio aid maintained
by Federal, State, and local governments. The Social Security Board has therefore undertaken,
at the request of other governmental agenoies and with their cooperation, to report on all public aid to
persons in need.
N o . d O l . — O ld - A g e I n s u r a n c e — N u m b e r 01? E m p lo y e e s , b y A g e a n d b y
S e x , b y I n t e r v a l o f E a r n i n g s , f o r t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1938
N ote.—Age at birthday nearest July 1, 1938. Of the 06 years or older group, nearly 80 percent became
65 during 1938 and consequently earned some taxable wages In that year before passing the age limit
imposed. Figures corrected to Aug. 15, 1940. See headnote, table 402, and general note above
IN T E R V A L O F E A R N IN G S
P E R A N N U M
a l l a o k s 1 U N D E R IB Y E A R S ! 6 TO 1 0 Y E A R S
Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female
Total------------------------- 31,000,389 22,302,478 8,097,911 43,239 38,276 4,963 2,461,241 1,466,587 994, 654
$1 to $199.................................. 7,705,324 4, 811, m 2,803,004 42,004 87,211 4,793 1,581,410 933,878 647, 632
$200 to $399............................ 3,629,125 2 , 295, 219 1,333,900 844 79C 4E 423,757 268,436 165,321
$400 to $599............................ 3,178, 724 1,949,432 1,229,202 201 145 53 231,913 134,283 97,630
$600 to $799 ...................... 3,141. 596 1,947,060 1,194,527 65 41 24 139, 563 81, 743 67,820
$800 to $999- ........................ 2,700, 332 1. 924,936 805,390 28 15 13 00,489 38,721 21,768
$1,000 to $1,199.............. 2,322, 793 1,837, 636 485,158 12 5 4 17,203 13,409 3,864
$1,200 to $1,399..................... 1,963,109 1,600,630 296, 470 11 a 2 4, 522 4,057 466
$1,400 to $1,599..................... 1,519. 224 1,352, 286 166,938 10 8 2 1,532 1,422 110
41,000 to $1,709..................... 1,087,722 I (W5 JW7 82,125 1 1 4an 305 65
$1 800 to $1,999..................... ' 914,* 281 SR7, 746 fiflj SSB 5 g 123 03 30
$2,000 to $2,100................ 636, 872 606,686 30,186 11 7 4 63 46 18
$2,200 to $2,399..................... 434, 050 417, 704 in , 3 3 48 36 12
$2,400 to $2,599..................... 325j 719 314,263 11,456 2 2 38 28 10
$2,600 to $2,799..................... 269, 036 250, 883 8,463 3 1 2 24 20 4
$2,800 to $2,999..................... 190, 692 185,430 5, 2fiS 3 3 17 16 1
$3;oaa and over................ 901,781 879,584 22! 197 36 21 15 49 35 14
For note 1, see p. 368.
306

'OLD-iAGE INSURANCE 367
No. 4 0 1 .— O ld - A g e I n s u r a n c e — N u m b e r o f E m p lo y e e s , b y A g e a n d b y
S e x , b y I n t e r v a l o f E a r n i n g s , f o r t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1938— C on.
INTERVAL OP EARNINGS
PER ANNUM
20 TO 24 YEARS 25 TO 29 YEARS
Total Male Female Total Male Female
5,792,160 3, 594, 947 2,197,213 5,189, 752 3,557,993 1,811,759
$1 to $199.................................. 1,827,673 1,084,246 743,427 1,133,154 680,306 452,848
$200 to $399............................. 936,619 554,561 382,058 619,381 377,992 24i; 389
$400 to $699............................... 811,012 454; 884 356,128 572,460 343,286 229,174
$600 to $799............................... 794,139 442', 351 351,788 594,053 356; 711 237,342
$800 to $999.............................. 035; 574 396,909 238, 665 565,437 366; 408 199,029
$1,000 to $1,199 ....................... 380,829 200,398 90,431 498,910 372,095 126, 815
$1,200 to $1,399......................... 205, 510 180, 375 25,135 405,889 333,058 72,831
$1,400 to $1,599........................ 102,506 96, 267 6,239 283,730 252,145 31. 585
$1,600 to $1,799......................... 48| 657 46,668 1,889 170,025 166,237 10, 688
$1,800 to $1,999......................... 24,961 24,450 511 125,855 120,677 5,178
$2,000 to $2,199......................... 11,763 11,479 284 72,244 70,035 2, 209
$2,200 to $2,399......................... 5,276 5,221
55 40,794 40,102 692
$2,400 to $2,599......................... 2,434 2,334 100 25,908 25,223 745
$2,600 to $2,799......................... 1,677 1,486 191 17,229 16,896 333
$2,800 to $2,999........................ 965 952 13 10,002 9,842 220
2,665 2,306 299 27, 661 26,980 681
INTERVAL OP EARNINGS
PER ANNUM
30 TO 34 YEARS 35 TO 39 YEARS
Total Male Female Total Male Female
4,349,806 3,169, 739 1,183,066 3,614,406 2 ,640,408 873,997
$1 to $109................................. 786,795 475,572 311, 223 611, 257 378,730 232, 527
$200 to $399.— ........................ 431,483 266,265 165,228 324, 656 203,526 121,130
$400 to $599............................... 408,290 249,417 158,873 307,430 187,777 119, 653
$600 to $799............................... 423,613 260,169 163,444 316,857 198,314 118, 543
$800 to $999............................... 408,214 275, 571 132, 643 298,185 206,994 91,191
$1,000 to $1,199......................... 383,553 289, 579 93,974 279,048 217,677 61, 371
$1,200 to $1,399......................... 359,590 288,681 70,909 271,728 223,359 48,309
$1,400 to $1,599......................... 297,695 254,737 42; 958 233, 593 201,215 32,378
$1,600 to $1,799......................... 219,832 200, 211 19,621 183,122 165,640 17, 482
$1,800 to $1,999 ................. 185,010 174,042 10,968 165,667 153,052 12,615
$2,000 to $2,199......................... 125,313 120,000 Si 313 122,291 115,585 6,706
$2,200 to $2,399......................... 84,169 81,637 2, 532 85,343 81,902 3,441
$2,400 to $2,599......................... 59; 735 58,185 1, 550 65,033 62,788 2, 245
$2,600 to $2,799......................... 44,340 43,403 937 52,469 50,854 1, 615
$2,800 to $2,999......................... 31,211 30,563 648 39,387 38,395 992
100,962 98,717 2,245 158,339 154,600 3, 739
INTERVAL OP EARNINGS
PER ANNUM
T o t a l ______
$1 to $199..........
$200 to $399.......
$400 to $599.......
$600 to $799.......
$800 to $999___
$1,000 to $1,199.
$1,200 to $1,399.
$1,400 to $1,599-
$1,600 to $1,799.
$1,800 to $1,999.
$2,000 to $2,199.
$2,200 to $2,399.
$2,400 to $2,599.
$2,600 to $2,799.
$2,800 to $2,999.
$3,000 and over.
40 TO 44 YEARS 45 TO 49 YEARS
Total Male Female Total Male Female
3,008,897 2,326,106 682,792 2,448, 014 1, 9G8, 530 489, 484
502,248 323,300 178,948 405,406 277,117 128, 289
267,615 172,285 95,330 214,594 145,488 69,106
259,546 161,270 98,276 207,468 135,133 72, 335
266,710 168,456 98, 254 215,911 144,558 71.353
249,819 179,405 70,414 204,398 155,029 49, 369
231,764 188,306 43,398 103,218 163,427 29,791
222,100 189,686 32, 414 184,953 163,411 21, 542
195,660 172,965 22, 695 157,363 142,487 14,876
154,694 141,195 13,499 121,909 112,881 9,088
140,518 129,975 10, 543 112,967 105,086 7,881
107,143 101,238 5,905 83,007 78,489 4, 518
77,428 73,830 3,598 60, 084 67,324 2,760
59,821 57, 503 2,318 47,983 46,115 1,868
49,866 48,191 1,675 39,889 38,198 1,691
37,889 36,789 1,100 30,364 29,464 900
186,076 181,651 4,426 168,440 164,323 4,117

3 6 8 SOCIAL SECURITY
N o . 4 0 1 .— O ld-A gb I n s u b a n c e — N u m b e r o p E m p l o y e e s , b y A g e a n d b y
Se x , b y I n t e r v a l o p E a r n in g s , e o r t h e U n it e d S t a t e s : 1938— Con.
INTERVAL OF EARNINGS
PER ANNUM
50 TO 54 YEARS 65 TO 50 YEARS
T o tal M ale Fomale T o tal M ale F em ale
Total______ _____ - ......... 1, 012,113 1, 687, 987 324,126 1,281,658 1,088,676 192, 982
$1 to $199....................... ............... 327,266 239,722 87,544 229, 791 175,706 54,025
$200 to $300........................- ......... 172,942 127, 479 45,463 123,140 95,379 27, 767
$400 to $500........................- ......... 166,931 118,138 48,793 115, 350 80,004 28, 446
$600 to $799........................- ......... 174,172 126,119 48,053 122,476 93,002 29,474
$800 to'$999.................................... 168,624 136,252 32,372 114,228 95,706 18, 522
$1,000 to $1,109............................. 156,350 137, 760 18,590 106,060 95,441 10, 619
$1,200 to $1,300......... ................... 146,661 133, 271 13,390 97,389 89,929 7, 460
$1,400 to $1,599............................ 119,751 110,942 8,809 77, 503 72,756 4,747
$1,600 to $1,799............................. 60,992 85,590 5,402 56,294 53.419 2, 875
$1,800 to $1,990............................. 79,061 74, 221 4,840 50,123 47,505 2, 618
$2,000 to $2,199............................ 6 9 ,0 6 0 56,119 2,941 3 5 ,1 3 9 33, 649 1, 490
$2,200 to $ 2 ,3 9 9.................................. 4 1 ,6 3 6 39, 952 1 ,6 8 4 2 4 ,7 8 3 2 3 ,0 8 6 1 ,0 9 7
$2,400 to $ 2 ,5 9 9 .................................. 3 3 ,2 0 8 31,821 1,387 19, 561 1 8 ,8 3 9 722
$2,600 to $ 2 ,7 0 9 .................... .............. 2 8 ,1 7 7 27,194 983 16, 284 1 5 ,6 3 3 651
$2,800 to $ 2,000................................. 2 0 ,6 7 2 20,000 672 12, 743 12,3 1 1 432
$3,000 and over....................... 1 2 6 ,6 1 0 123, 407 3 ,2 0 3 8 0 ,7 8 8 7 8 ,7 5 1 2 ,0 3 7
INTERVAL OF EARNINGS
PER ANNUM
60 TO 64 YEARS 05 YEARS
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Total.............................. 788,400 683,087 106,373 99, 774 87,909 11,865
$1 to $190__________-........... 146. 802 116,603 30,199 28,7Q0 24,237 4,553
$200 to $399_______________ 78, 861 63,474 15,387 17,014 14, 673 2,841
$400 to $509...-..............-........ 75,148 58,879 16,269 12,912 11,022 1,890
$600 to $709.............................. 77,137 61,368 15,769 10,403 9,057 1,346
$800 to $999.............................. 73,237 63, Q52 10,185 7,643 7,039 604
$1,000 to $1,199..................-— 06, 097 61,400 5,597 5,924 5,494 430
$1,200 to $1,300____________ 58,615 55,033 3, 582 4,092 3,896 197
$1,400 to $1,599____________ 45, 582 43,268 2,314 2,045 2,803 142
$1,600 to $1,799........................ 32,005 ' 30,024 1,381 2,222 2,151 71
$1,800 to $1,999........................ 27, 980 26, 728 1,252 1, 513 1,457 56
$2,000 to $2,199____________ 19,405 18,751 714 1,113 1,063 50
$2,200 to $2,399____________ 13,391 12,962 429 846 817 20
$2,400 to $2,599_____ ______ 1-1,052 10, 590 462 722 697 25
$2,600 to $2,799.................... . 8, 524 8,184 340 493 471 22
$2,800 to $2,999...................... 6,847 6,596 251 436 425 11
$3,000 and over............... ........ 46,817 45,575 1,242 2,706 2,608 98
INTERVAL OF EARNINGS
PER ANNUM
GG YEARS AND OVER
UNK N O W N
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Total................. . ........... 57, 872 50, 384 7,488 72, 999 5 4 ,8 5 0 18,149
$1 to $ 1 9 9 ............................................. 3 2 ,7 5 4 2 8 ,5 1 0 4 ,2 4 4 49, 974 36, 462 1 3 ,5 1 2
$200 to $399.......................................... 8 ,6 2 9 7 ,4 8 1 1 ,1 4 8 9 ,5 8 4 7, 394 2 ,1 9 0
$400 to $ 6 0 9 ......................................... 5 ,0 2 4 4 ,2 8 2 742 5 ,0 3 9 4 ,0 0 9 1 ,0 3 0
$600 to $790.......................................... 3 ,4 7 6 2,911 565 3 ,0 2 1 2 ,2 6 9 752
$800 to $ 9 9 0 .......................................... 2 ,5 2 0 2, 216 310 1 ,9 3 0 1 ,6 1 9 311
$1,000 to $ 1 ,1 9 9 .................................. 1 ,8 9 2 1,727 165 973 8 54 119
$1,200 to $1,300.................................. 1 ,3 2 7 1,227 100 722 048 74
$1,400 to $1,599.................................. 678 618 60 676 653 23
$1,600 to $1,709.................. ................ 402 368 44 277 257 20
$1,800 to $1,999................................... 341 317 24 157 138 19
$2,000 to $2,199................................... 165 147 18 95 79 16
$2,200 to $2,309......................... ......... 130 128 11 119 104 15
$2,400 to $ 2 ,5 9 9 .................................. 122 107 15 40 31 9
$2,600 to $ 2 ,7 9 9 .................. ................ 36 30 6 25 22 3
$2,800 to $2,0 9 9 .................................. 18 16 2 78 70 8
$3,000 and o w ____________ 343 309 34 289 241 48
1 Excludes 142,433 employees holding Railroad Retirement account numbers and thoir taxable wages
of $38,952,000; also excludes 52,297 employees whose race or sex is unknown and thoir taxable wages of
$24,967,000.
Source; Foderal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Buroau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance;
Social Security Yearbook,

OLD-AGE INSXTRANOE 369
N o .
4 0 2 . — O lU -A g b I n s u r a n c e — N u m b e r o e E m p lo y e e s a n a A m o u n t op
T a x a b l e W a g e s , b y S e x , b y S t a t e s a n d T e r r i t o r i e s : 1938
N ote.—Wages in thousands of dollars. Figures in this table and in tables 401 and 403 are partly estimated,
and, plus the exclusions referred to in note 2 below, represent 100 percent of all employees with taxable
wages in 1038 and their taxable wages. Taxable wages are defined as excluding wages of employees 65
years and over, wages earned in excess of $3,000 in the service of any one employer within a year, and wages
earned outside the industries covered by the Social Security Act. Figures corrected to Aug. 15, 1940.
See also general note, p. 366
STATE AND TERRITORY1
TOTAL s male FEMALE
Employees Wages Employees Wages Employees Wages
Total............................... 31,000,389 26,173,020 22,302,478 01,686, 511 8,697,911 4,478,409
Alabama.............................. 394,304 225,392 312,108 190, 334 82,106 20,058
Alaska..................................... 19,072 17,761 10, 552 16, 717 2, 520 1,044
Arizona.................................... 94, 563 68,041 76,820 01, 475 17, 743 7,105
Arkansas.................................. 194, 543 95, 747 155, 910 84, 805 38, 633 10,942
California................................. 1. 944,038 1,808,427 1, 394, 870 1,502, 045 549,108 306, 332
Colorado.................................. 233.818 173,588 172, 573 140, 228 01,245 27,360
Connecticut............................. 560,273 525,311 887, 421 426,418 172,852 99,893
Delaware.......... ....................... 74,306 61,027 52,279 50, 918 22,' 027 10.709
D istrict of Columbia............. 203,944 170,823 140,308 142, 390 03,030 37,433
Florida..................................... 435,393 223.665 321,370 187, 243 114.023 36,423
Georgia.................................... 642, 162 282, 698 370, 347 224, 642 171.815 68,065
H aw aii................................... 111, 000 63,251 87,817 55, 757 23,243 7,405
Idah o ..................................... 92,915 67,667 72, 662 51,400 20,203 6,257
Illinois...................................... 2, 322,026 2, 267, 954 1,628,496 1,850,327 693,530 408, 627
Indiana.................................... 798,324 062,630 591,463 568, 000 200,801 94, 631
Iow a......................................... 408,074 287,801 294,137 240, 895 113,937 46,866
K ansas..................................... 279, 438 193,724 213,452 160, 331 65,986 24, 303
Kontucky................................. 391,820 251,995 304,105 217, 263 87, 715 34, 732
Louisiana................................. 415,326 268,653 331, 197 230. 600 84,129 32, 053
M aine...................................... 226,553 142, 622 157, 393 116, 691 00,100 25, 031
M aryland................................ 473,176 373, 115 337, 907 313, 052 135, 208 60,063
M assachusetts........................ 1,338, 583 1, 106,876 884, 18D 930,437 454,304 257,439
Michigan.................................. 1,492,740 1, 355.717 1,140,845 1,180,010 345,895 175.101
M innesota............................... 506, 514 422,960 353,913 345,019 152,601 77,341
Mississippi.......................... 210,638 88,664 163,363 74,039 47,276 13, 725
M issouri................................. 805,028 066,349 543,658 527,757 201,370 132, 592
M ontana................................. 96,827 75,907 77,777 68.077 19,050 7,829
N eb rask a ..................... ........ 198,033 132,350 141,040 108,852 56,987 23,498
N evada................................... 29,551 25,309 24,460 22,820 5,091 2,489
Now Hampshire..................... 144,016 100,033 98,140 79,392 40,776 20,641
N ew Jersey______ ________ 1,196,239 1,166,960 820,524 967,359 309,715 209,002
Now Mexico_____ ________ 07,206 43,477 56.285 39,773 11,921 3,704
Now York.............................. 4, 283,899 4,404,708 2,884,737 3,450,824 1,399,102 944,884
N orth C arolina.................... 655,764 361,750 435, 108 280,918 220,050 80,833
N orth D akota......................... 60,810 38,429 44,184 32,470 16,026 5,953
Ohio.......................................... 1,843,178 1,703, 178 1,369,279 1,452,189 473,899 250,989
Oklahoma................................ 324,664 240,116 252,296 211,268 72,363 28,848
Oregon................... .................. 267,029 217,534 198,770 186, 683 68,259 30,951
Pennsylvania_________ ___ 2,607,694 2,426,975 1,908,608 2,055,200 728,896 371,775
Rhode Island ........................ 218,267 199,993 158,789 153,405 89,478 46,528
South Carolina___ ________ 317.974 153,589 227.441 124,077 90,533 29,612
South D akota____________ 68,268 43.632 50,370 37,240 17.898 6,392
Tennessee................. .............. 483,437 282,470 347,427 233,599 136,010 48,880
Texas................... ................... 1,210,697 814,479 943,384 717,831 273,313 96,643
U tah____ _______________ 108,369 80,459 80,067 70,444 28,312 10,016
Vermont____________ ____ 76,126 51,918 50,360 44,304 19,766 7,614
Virginia. ................................ 498,024 320,308 362,445 268,419 136,579 51,889
Washington______________ 430,202 309, 136 318,454 315,037 111,748 64,099
W est Virginia_____________ 396,533 327,411 336,557 290,955 59,976 27,457
Wisconsin................................ 670,864 597,487 491,823 605,310 179,041 92,177
W yoming............................... 51,288 39,593 41,772 36,102 9,610 3,491
1State of employment was indicated only for employees for whom taxable wages were reported for the
fourth quartor of 1038, their wages for the entire year being allocated to that State; State of registration
was utilized for the remaining employees in estimating tbo distribution by State of employment, Of
the latter class, there were 4,840,765 males with taxable wages of $2,531,488,000, and 2*053,531 females with
taxable wages of $407,019,000.
9 See note 1, table 401, p. 308.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance;
Social Security Yearbook.

3 7 0 SOCIAL SECURITY
N o. 4 0 3 .— O ld-A ge I n su r a n c e— N u m b e r o f E m p l o y e e s a n d A m o u n t o p
T a x a b l e W a g e s, b y R a c e a n d b y S e x , f o r S e l e c t e d S t a t e s a n d T e r r i­
t o r ie s : 1938
N ote,—Wages in thousands of dollars. States shown, are those with largest proportions of Negro or other
races among employees with taxable wages in 1937. Figures exclude employees holding Railroad Retirement
account numbers and those whose sex or race was unknown. Figures corrected to Aug. 15, 1940.
See also headnote, table 402, and general note, p. 360
STATE AND TERRITORY >
TOTAL WHITE NEGRO OTHER
Wages
Wages
Wages
Employees
Employees
Employees
Employees
Wages
Alabama........................ 394,304 225,302 276,824 182,807 118,407 42, 540 73 36
Arkansas....................... 194,543 95,747 149,703 83,541 44, 688 12,160 92 47
Delaware....................... 74,306 61,627 66,807 58,790 7,464 2.819 35 12
District ot Columbia.... 203,944 179,823 158,306 155,377 45.350 24,247 280 199
Florida.......................... 435,393 223,005 322,734 194,040 112, 503 29,521 156 96
Georgia....... .................. 542,1(52 282,698 406,612 249,060 135,470 33,608 71 29
Kentucky...................... 391,820 251,995 350,368 235, 283 41,305 16,642 97 70
Louisiana...................... 415,320 268,053 296,372 231,228 118, 672 37,374 282 51
Maryland..................... 473,175 373,115 408,440 343,279 64,574 29,741 152 96
Mississippi__________ 210,038 88.664 128,235 70,732 82,260 17,918 143 13
North Carolina............. 655,704 361,750 512,610 320,707 142,776 40,952 378 91
South Carolina............. 317,074 153,589 244,382 136,292 73,542 17,279 50 18
Tennpssftp. 483,437 282.479 398,870 264,241 84,629 28,213 38 25
Virginia____________ 498,024 320,308 378,617 278,801 119,245 41,332 162 85
Alaska_____ ________ 19,072 17,761 16,372 16,636 48 16 2,652 1,109
Hawaii_____________ 111,060 63,251 23,846 21,506 70 47 87,144 41,608
KALE
Alabama_____ ______ 312,108 196,334 203,812 155,676 108,322 40,624 64 34
Arkansas___________ 155,910 84,805 114,200 73,208 41,670 11,552 80 45
Delaware....................... 52,270 50,918 46,206 48,328 5,956 2,579 27 11
District of Columbia__ 140,308 142,390 102.280 121,392 37,763 20,804 275 194
Florida.......................... 321,370 187,243 224,739 160,277 96,490 26,882 132 84
Georgia.......................... 370,347 224,642 259,514 194,700 110,780 29,918 53 24
Kentucky...................... 304,105 217,263 269,037 201,816 34,975 15,378 93 69
Louisiana...................... 331,197 230,600 220,253 201,581 104, 731 34,974 213 44
Maryland...................... 337,907 313,052 283,540 285,530 54,283 27,434 138 80
Mississippi.................... 163,363 74,939 87,011 57,944 75, 615 16,083 137 11
North Carolina............. 435,108 280,918 333.023 248,673 100, 830 32,156 355 88
South Carolina............. 227,441 124,077 162,498 107,999 64,896 16,061 47 17
Tennessee...................... 347,427 233,599 275,706 208,159 71,626 25,415 36 25
Virginia......................... 362,445 268,419 270,084 232,740 92,213 35, 697 148 82
Alaska........................... 16, 552 10,717 14,463 15,715 34 12 2,055 991
Hawaii.......................... 87,817 65,757 17,739 18,240 62 46 70,016 37,471
FEMALE
Alabama....................... 82,100 29,058 72,012 27,131 10,085 1,925 9 2
Arkansas....................... 38,633 10,942 35,503 10,333 3,118 608 12 1
Delaware....................... 22,027 10,709 20,511 10,468 1, 508 240 8 1
District of Columbia__ 63,636 37,433 56,025 33,985 7, 597 3,443 14 5
Florida.......................... 114,023 36,423 07,995 33,772 16,004 2, 639 24 12
Georgia.......................... 171,815 58,055 147.098 54, 360 24, 699 3,090 18 5
Kentucky..................... 87,715 34,732 81,321 33,467 6,390 1,264 4 1
Louisiana...................... 84,129 32.053 70,119 20,647 13,941 2,400 69 7
Maryland..................... 135,208 00,063 124.903 57,749 10, 291 2,307 14 7
Mississippi.................... 47,275 13,725 40,024 12,788 6,045 935 6 1
North Carolina............. 220,050 80,833 178,887 72,034 41,946 8,796 23 3
South Carolina............. 90,533 20,512 81,884 28,293 8, 646 1,218 3 1
Tennessee.................... 130,010 48,880 123,104 46,082 12,903 2,707 3 1
Virginia......................... 135, 570 51,889 108.533 40,151 27,032 5,735 14 3
Alaska........................... 2,520 1,044 1,909 921 14 5 597 118
Hawaii.......................... 23,243 7,495 0,107 3,356 8 2 17,128 4,137
i See note 1, table 402.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance;
Social Security Yearbook.

OLD-AGE INSURANCE 371
N o . 4 0 4 :.— O l d -A g e I n s u r a n c e — N u m b e r o p E m p l o y e e s i n F o u r t h Q u a r t e r
o p 1938 a n d T o t a l A m o u n t o p T h e i r 1938 T a x a b l e W a g e s , b y A g e G r o u p s ,
b y S e x , a n d b y I n d u s t r ia l D iv is io n s
N o te.—Wages in thousands of dollars. This table excludes data for 2,554,210 workers in covered employm
ent in the fourth quarter of 1938 and for their taxable wages of $2,597,877,000 received during 1938.
These data could not be included because the returns were uncoded industrially, or because the workers
were in industries other than those listed, or because their sex was unknown. The addition of those data
to the totals for workers and wages appearing in the body of the table givos a total of 23,023,916 for workers
an d $23,617,466,000 for taxable wages. These totals differ from those in tables 401 and 402 because they
pertain only to workers employed in the fourth quarter of 1938 and because no adjustments have been
made in this table to exclude 1937 taxable wages which were identified for posting after July 9,1938, or to
include 1938 taxable wages which were identified for posting after May 12, 1939, and additional workers
for w hom they were reported. Workers in the fourth quarter and their taxable wages for the year wero
assigned to the industrial group in which they were employed in the fourth quarter; those in multiindustry
employing organizations were allocated to the primary industry, as determined by the largest
num ber of employees in such organizations in the United States engaged in the same combination of
industries. Figures are corrected to Aug. 15,1940. See also headnotes. tables 401 and 402, and general
note, p. 366
AGE
(YEARS) J
HALE female MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE
Employees
Wages
Em­
Em­
Em­
Employees
Wages ploy­
Wages
Employeeeeeeees
Wages ploy­
Wages ploy­
Wages
Mining and quarrying Oontraot construction Manufacturing
Total___ 666,767 706,577 13,829 13,101 1,067,164 876,334 26,880 20, 611 3,806,682 8,204,462 2,436,180 1,642,289
Under 20_.
20 to 24___
25 to 34....
35 to 4 4 ....
45 to 64....
56 to 64....
65 and over
Unknown.
16,841 6,456
89,366 67,242
202,189 214,104
166,283 202,816
129,382 150,901
59,747 62,946
1,872 1,316
1,087 736
871
2,829
4,788
3,099
1,024
593
18
7
272
1,036
4,763
8, 591
1,874
646
14
6
40,370 9,740
166,349 72,651
317,127 257,031
257,782 263,571
193,802 195,813
84,818 73,912
5,221 2,527
2,030 1,090
2,454
6,685
7,964
4,824
2,700
1,130
37
20
816 295,895 98,708
4, 093 1,033,395 794,310
6,766 2,126,617 2,549,306
4,887 1,682,427 2,301,258
2,872 1,105,784 1,878,496
1,128 571,575 700,982
37 18,460 17,806
12 6,623 3,496
228,616
603,647
809,401
471,913
237,890
79,164
3,035
% 624
Transportation Communication Public utilities
72,596
340,238
501,073
340,485
166,877
52,664
1,475
882
Total___ 637,776 740,004 39,974 36,613 164, 523 263, 686 183,277 190,277 362,794 568, 634 61,109 58,876
Under 2G__
20 to 24___
25 to 34__
35 to 44.__
45 to 54___
55 to 64___
65 and over
U nknow n.
AOs
(Y EA B 8)1
18,255 5,218 2,804
82,683 56,687 8,797
221,984 247,680 13,944
167,886 220,023 8,429
98,340 139,286 4,226
45,100 63,154 1,613
1,759 1,494 64
1,469 601 37
975
5,006
12,415
8,438
4,129
1,686
47
17
34,674
15,456
'43,679
38,410
21,780
10,131
242
151
6,380
10,928
84,340
90,358
50,024
21,370
257
28
9,597
36,269
75,849
41,194
16,141
4,095
89
43
4,369
28,169
82,478
50,734
20,025
4,429
61
14
5,520
33,142
112,012
105,361
64,870
30.961
741
197
1,962
29,036
167,613
191,666
116,038
51,346
788
85
2,276
10,931
19,792
11,208
5,187
1,659
41
15
HALE FEMALE MALE female MALE FEMALE
Wages
Wages
Wages
Wages
Employees
Employees
Em-
P ayees
Employees
Employees
Wages
Employees
Trade Finance Insurance
1,022
9,337
22,913
14,490
6,586
1,904
29
6
Wages
Total.__ 3,203,728 3,439,028 1,700,158 230,319 133,501 216, 043 63,164 66,061 217,403 396,414 167,679 170,978
Under 80—
20 to 24___
25 to 34___
35 to 44___
45 to 64....
65 to 64___
65 and over
Unknow n.
Total.
Under 20.
20 to 2 4 ....
26 to 34.__
35 to 44__
46 to 64....
65 to 6 4 ....
65 and over.
Unknown..
316,438
596, 478
1,000,227
667,427
411, 712
206,623
9,436
5,393
79, 751
401, 889
1,150.783
943/353
584, 803
203, 023
7,633
2,692
304,441 48,613
465,115 210, 540
511,113 320, 508
273, 341 103, 020
149,399 111, 515
57, 394 43,169
2, 552 1,649
2,803 745
2,817
14, 563
46, 277
32,755
22,657
13,815
600
117
1.192
12,762
72,371
63,895
42,191
22,901
650
80
3,705
15,128
23,425
13,069
5,713
2,009
70
45
1,562
12,041
25, 537
10,368
7,059
2,401
64
28
4,151 2,070
22,151 21,170
70,877 137, 476
00,910 132, 738
34,996 70. 774
17, 564 30,442
621 646
124 99
12, 598
42, 743
63, 392
28,971
14,171
5, 573
163
68
Real estate Service Professional services
6, 540
35,482
70, 225
35,270
16,876
6, 404
145
36
234, 231 279,121 95,669 74,127 1,610,436 1,493,310 892,331 499,616 76,806 104,331 170,756 145,479
5,937
20,470
56,691
58,667
54,045
36,2S5
1,750
386
1,962
14,562
63,575
78,221
73,665
45,578
1,463
204
3,728
12,832
24,559
26,095
19,705
8,316
307
129
1,313
8,492
19,765
21,445
16,024
6,831
197
61
139,897
292,748
507,970
332,747
220,947
107, IDO
5,812
3,118
36,826 81,208 22,152
178,478 216,876 104,566
507,951 291,102 173,840
395,577 173,718 112,637
257,293 91,995 61,662
111, 899 34,444 23,320
3,785 1,464 830
1,500 1,524 579
3,381
11,960
31,324
16,583
10,435
5,729
293
101
1,097
8,265
43,854
27,1 1 6
16,020
7,695
227
68
11,868
40,399
61,083
33,207
17,202
6,653
215
129
3,837
24,877
55,431
35,856
18,621
6,620
174
63
1 Age a t birthday nearest July 1,1938.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance,*
official records.

372 SOCIAL SECURITY
N o . 4 0 5 .— O l d -A g e a n d S u r v iv o r s I n s u r a n c e — N u m b e r o f E m pl o y in g
O r g a n iz a t io n s , A m o u n t o f T a x a b l e P ay R o l l s, a n d N u m b e r o f E m­
p l o y e e s o n L a st D a y o r L a s t P a y R o l l o p Q u a r t e r , b y Q u a r t e r s :
1938 a n d 1939
N ote—Taxable pay toll m thousands of dollars. The Social Security Act was amended to include
employment of workers over OS years of age beginning with 1939. Figures are corrected to September
16, 1940
TEAR OR QUARTER
Employing
organisations^
Taxable pay
rolls
Workers on
last day or
last pay roll
of quarter
IfiSfl, total .
1,809,819
1,729,098
1,746,308
1,731,670
1,648,495
1,744,837
1,774,204
1,799,704
> 26,909,806
6,375,932
6,460,262
0,433,019
6,650,002
28,664,273
6,956,639
7,135,117
7,408,305
7,364,152
22,373,417
22,763,163
23,587,711
23,219,715
23,703,803
24,611,827
25,377,216
24,042,008
' An employing organization includes all establishments reported on 1 employer return.
1 D iflors from total taxable wagos i n table 402 which have been adjusted to include all taxable wages in
1038.
Sourco: Federal Security Agency, Sooiai Security Board, Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance;
Fifth Annual Report.
N o. 4 0 6 .— U n e m p l o y m e n t C o m p e n s a t io n — S u b je c t E m p l o y e r s a n d W o r k e r s
W it h W a g e C r e d it s U n d e r St a t e U n e m p l o y m e n t C o m p e n s a t io n S y st e m s,
b y S t a t e s a n d T e r r it o r ie s , a s o p J u n e 1939
N ote.—Figures are estimates (subject to revision) based on data reported by State agencies. See
general note, p. 306 .
STATS ANB TERRI­
TORY
Bize-offlrm
inclusion
(number
of
employees)
Number
of
workers
STATE
Number
of
employers
Sizo-offirm
inclusion
(number
of
employees)
Number
of
employers
Number
of
workera
Tntjkl 719,800 28,075,000
10,600 650,000
Montana................ l..d o ........ 8,600 105.000
4,400 325,000
3,300 145.000
Alaska__________ 8—do........ 500 23.000 N evada................. l —do........ 2,500 30,000
Arizona_________ 3—do........ 3,100 78.000 New Hampshire__ 4—do........ 3,000 125,000
Arkansas.......... ....... 1—do____ 14,000 190,000 New Jersey..—___ B--do........ 14,800 1,000,000
California________ 4 -do........ 51,000 1,700,000 New Mexico_____ 4 .do_... 2,000 70,000
Colorado_________ 8—do____ 4,300 200,000 New York.......... 4..do........ 97,600 4,000,000
Connecticut______ 5—do........ 8,300 485,000 North Carolina___ 8.-do____ 6,800 700,000
Delaware________ l-.do____ 4,800 65,000 North Dakota........ 8 ..do____ 1,100 42,000
Dist. of Columbia., l-.d o ... 14,900 180,000 Ohio.......... —------- 3..do____ 44,400 1,720,000
Florida............. ...... 8—do........ 4,400 350,000 Oklahoma............... 8—do____ 6,100 324,000
Georgia--------------- 8—do........ 7, 200 400,000 Oregon.................... 4..do____ 7.400 226,000
Hawaii--------------- l-.do___ 3,000 119,000 Pennsylvania......... l- d o ........ 146,000 3,100,000
Idaho___________ 1—do........ 8,000 110,000 Ithodo Island........- 4.-do.——. 5,700 300,090
Illinois—------------- 8—do____ 27300 1.620,000 South Carolina....... 8—do........ 3,500 202,000
Indiana......... .......... 8—do........ 9,000 838.000 South Dakota......... 8. do____ 1,200 45,000
Iowa____________ 8._do____ 6,200 320.000 Tennessee.______ 8 -d o ____ 4,600 450,000
Kansas..----- ------- 8—d o __ 6,700 245,000 Texas...................... 8—do____ 13,800 800,000
Kentucky_______ 4-d o____ 7,400 380,000 Utah.................. . 4—do____ 2,500 90,000
Louisiana________ 4 - do____ 12,000 425,000 Vermont________ 8. -do........ 1,100 70,000
Maine..................— 8 -d o ........ 2,900 190,000 Virginia........ .......... 8 -d o ........ 5,800 460,000
Maryland___ ____ 4—do____ 11,000 476,000 Washington............ 8 -d o........ 6,400 300,000
Massachusetts____ 4—do____ 35,590 1,450,000 West Virginia......... 8 -d o ........ 3,300 860,000
Michigan________ 8—do____ 16,100 1,300,000 ■Wisconsin............... 7—do........ 7,000 500,000
Minnesota.............. 1—do........ 40,000 625,000 Wyoming................ l..d o ........ 4,800 40,000
Mississippi............. 8—do........ 3,000 160,000
Source: Federal Security Agonoy, Social Soourity Board, Bureau of Employment Security; .official
records,

I'IVKMrLOYMKX-I o o m p m sa t io # 3 7 3
N o. 407.— U n e m p lo y m e n t C o m p e n s a tio n — N u m b e r o f I n i t i a l a n d C o n -
t i n u e d C la im s R e c e i v e d b y S t a t e A g e n c ie s a n d A m o u n t o f B e n e f i t
P a y m e n t s , b y S t a t e s a n d T e r b i t o b i e s : 1938 a n d 1939
N ote,—Number of claims in thousands and amounts of payments in thousands of dollars. Data reported
by State agencies and corrected to Mar. 15,1040. See general note, p. 366
Month NUMBER OP CLAIMS RECEIVED
STATE and year IN LOCAL OFFICES AMOUNT OF BENEFIT PAYMENTS 1
AND benefits T -I* 1 - .. All unem- Total unem- Partial unem-
TERRITORY first ployment ployment ployment8
payable 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1930 1938 1030 1938 1939
Total____ 9,565 9,766 >46,797 >66,534 396,400 429,820 6303,331 H01,479 414,000 820,971
A la.............. Ian. 1938 201 106 1, 500 914 8,131 4,205 6,810 3, 548 1, 291 742
Alaska Jan. 1939 4 22 34G 0328 012
A rlz........... . . . Ian. 1938 31 27 222 182 1, 900 1,524 1,906 1,471 0 53
A rk............... 81 443 1,816 1,668 90
Calif............... Ian. 1938 694 741 >4,043 4,942 23, 748 88,592 23,147 35; 073 452 2,189
Colo................ 71 441 3,471 3,155 313
C onn_______ Ian. 1938 355 164 1,901 752 12,259 5,121 a 7,940 4,779 # 748 324
D el.................. Jan. 1939 21 102 712 671 40
d . a ............... Jan. 1938 44 23 396 263 1,673 1,437 1,570 1,333 103 65
F la .................. Jan. 1939 117 743 3,504 3,062 217
O a................... 141 789 3,240 3,083 156
H aw aii......... 78 34 287 '263 23
Idaho.............. Sept. 1938 19 31 78 268 366 2,170 366 01,824 (>) ®346
111......... ........ July 1989 453 1,972 16,797 14,31] 2,251
I n d ___ _____ Apr. 1938 7226 7129 a 1,637 1,400 16,309 10,254 14, 622 8,076 1,786 1,277
Iow a................ July 1938 82 95 448 813, 2,556 5,262 2,474 4,827 82 427
73 394 2,288 2,037 251
ICy................. 7143 084 4; 867 4,799 >39
L a ................... Jan. 1938 134 133 770 922' 4,007 5', 040 1,954 5; 338 2,053 302
M aine............. ...d o .......... 9120 104 810 818 657 4, 525 3,044 3,720 2, 574 805 489
M d .................. u 289 7102 1,803 694 10,149 5,704 «2,627 4,501 8416
634
M a ss.,........... 627 616 a %513 2,424 27,228 19,694 27, 228 19,622 (3) w
M ic h ............... July 1938 584 822 3,609 2,092 39i 907 37,161 39, 907 34,140 m 3,021
M in n.............. Jan. 1938 180 103 1,279 1,049 8,200 7,601 8,096 0,003 104 355
M iss................ Apr. 1938 68 62 395 863 1,416 1,447 1,416 1.41G w 822
M o ......... ....... 199 1,188 5,465 5,003 461
M o n t_______ July 1939 18 01 765 '765 (>)
Jan. 1939 45 226 1,305 1,281 823
14 73 816 e 758 «67
N . H ............... Jan. 1938 117 30 ' 559 318 2,734 1,563 2,420 1,332 312 220
N . Jw............... Jan. 1939 u 376 2,253 14,911 14,880 co
N . Mex........... Dec. 1938 4 36 1 176 9 1,226 9 1,181 (>) 96
N . Y . . . .......... Jan. 1938 2,590 1,861 f>) * 7, 208 89,334 79,049 89,334 79,949 c>) (’)
N . C............... ...d o .......... 400 263 3,446 1.280 8,211 4,413 w *3,987 c«) 8250
N . Dak 11 83 545 508 37
Ohio............. 361 3,069 23,687 20,621 1,458
Okla............ Deo. 1938 22 103 22 624 71 4, 244 71 8,887 c«) 357
Oreg........ ....... Jan. 1938 183 125 >762 541 5,921 4,073 5,416 3,656 505 410
P a .................. ...d o .......... 1 1,090 ’ 649 9,230 0,440 71,628 54, 670 71,028 62,615 (>) w
R . I ................. 192 167 1,681 869 9,433 5,805 8,425 5,370 1,008 435
s . c ................. July 1938 34 7114 204 653 505 2,140 365 1,456 230 690
ft. Dak ___ 11 77 394 364 30
T en n ............... Jan. 1938 194 1201 1,906 1,045 6,146 4,582 5,639 4, 231 207 330
T ex .................. ...d o — 317 276 1,803 1,172 9,423 10,004 8,930 >9,792 492 8860
D te h ............... —_do.......... 59 48 302 226 2,463 1,090 2,407 is 1,656 56 13 40
V t.................... ...d o .......... 30 21 153 102 822 576 743 526 79 49
V b................... ...d o .......... 14£ 126 3836 794 5,640 4,493 4,784 4,125 856 266
W ash........... 139 796 Q, 153 5,593 560
W . Va............. Jan. 1938 188, 207 2,141 857 1 2 007 4,220 16, m Si 892 1,876 303
W is................. July 1930 331 is 150 1,441 795 9,524 3,675 “ 8,085 3,370 'Includes payments for part-total unemployment except where otherwise noted. Payments for partial
^unemployment are not provided by State law in Mass., Miss., Mont., N. J., N. Y., and Pa. Of those, only
.'Mississippi provides for payments of less than the full weekly benefit amount for total unemployment,
:i. e., "part-total” unemployment. In Kentucky, which pays benefits for part-total unemployment, the
provision for benefits for partial unemployment became effective Jan. 1940. Provision for payment of
.benefits for partial and part-total unemployment in Mich, became effective Jan. 1939 and in Nebr.mMay 1930.
* Data for Jan. not reported by Calif., Maine, and Oreg.; for Jau.-Mar,, by Mass, and Va.; for May and
; June, by Ind.; and for entire year, by N. Y. 1*4 *Data for Jan.-Mar. not reported by N. Y.
1 Data for Feb.-Mar. not reported by Conn.; for Feb.-July, by Md.; and for entire year, by N. O,
• Data for Jan. not reported by Alaska, Nev.f and Tex.; for Jan.-Mar., by N. C.; and for Jan.-May, by
:idaho. i Exdudes "additional claims.” 8 Loss than $500.
8 Data for Feb., Mar., and Apr. woro for total unemployment only.
»• Data for Feb. and Mar. were for total unemployment only.
u Excludes "additional claims” 8ept.-Dec. in Md. and for Jan.-Sept. in N. J.
Payments for part-total unemployment included with payments for total unemployment.
:»* Includes claims for total and part-total unemployment only.
n< Payments for part-total unemployment included with payments for total unemployment Jan.-Aug.
rand with payments for partial unemployment Sept.-Dec.
Source; Federal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Employment Security; official records.

3 7 4 SOCIAL SECURITY
N o . 4 0 8 .— U n e m p lo y m e n t C o m p e n s a t i o n - N u m b e r o p E m p lo y e e s , b y
M a j o r I n d u s t r i a l D iv is io n s , b y S t a t e s a n d T e r r i t o r i e s : 1938
NOTE.—Data classified by industry groups listed in tbs Social Security Board Industrial Glassification
oocie, edition of Mar. 15, 1937, with slight modifications in .the major industrial divisions. Figures
represent monthly averages and are based on the number of covered employees reported each month on
the various types of pay rolls. Figures are preliminary and subject to revision
STATE AND
TERRITORY
Alabama............
Alaska...............
Arizona...............
Arkansas.............
California............
Colorado............
Connecticut___
Delaware..
Dist.ofOolumbia.
Florida________
Georgia_______
Hawaii_______
Idaho................
Illinois_______
Indiana_______
Iowa....................
Kansas_______
Kentucky..........
Louisiana ®.........
Maine................
Maryland...........
Massachusetts...
Michigan...........
Minnesota.........
Mississippi..........
Missouri..............
M ontana.........
Nebraska...........
Nevada..... ..........
New Hampshire.
New Jersey.........
New Mexico _
New York...........
North Carolina-.
North Dakota. _
Ohio u...............
Oklahoma____
Oregon..............
Pennsylvania lfl._
Rhode Island___
South Carolina..
South D akota...
Tennessee...........
Texas___ ____..
Utah....................
Vermont..............
Virginia n...........
■Washington........
"West Virginia__
Wisconsin w........
Wyoming______
Total
247,887
10,763
58, 604
137,607
1. 271,447
136,886
413, 564
57, 669
158,331
221,382
330, 585
79,839
60, 032
1,803,080
53Q, 651
241,140
170,680
265,986
245, 787
134, 364
346,672
927,882
900,9Q7
397,142
108,444
544, 126
72, 732
116,480
22,885
99,097
839,020
42,501
3,051,981
438,604
31,787
1,307,393
189,920
142,060
2,231,049
175,978
192, 258
35,092
298,804
672,704
75,381
46, 544
316,033
261,109
278, 587
430,210
39,587
27,249
3,268
9,871
7,477
36,421
14,156
726
171
0
2,840
1,597
04
5,499
41,046
11,900
6,115
16,105
53,045
12,642
278
2,487
400
10,234
8,396
638
8,832
8,784
616
5, 352
364
3,122
9,441
5,671
1,767
584
26,924
34,376
845
1, 240
2,829
11,694
64,363
8,862
1,283
18,745
4, 275
106, 629
2 , 0 0 0
8,269
Mining
and
quarrying
Contract
construction
12,139
301
4,224
5,155
60,688
6,184
12,526
3,617
13,607
12,589
15,172
5,122
2,985
30, 503
13,104
11,106
7,865
11,678
12, 574
4, 325
18,383
22,413
23,158
10, 235
10, 631
14, 522
3,780
0 ,0 1 1
1, 511
3,748
21, 045
3.415
129,212
4,030
7,326
41,428
345,026
28,406
253,114
21,660
13,544
59,507
167,145
41,448
11,427
704,049
299,451
80,088
40,094
74,432
83,677
78,057
151,063
493,000
525,355
101,085
47,889
207,733
10, G91
25,836
1,018
61,134
484,995
3,641
109,992 1,161,493
19,756 284,028
1,948 3,841
36,764 654,174
7.416 36,957
5,292 53,198
9,393
2,401
12,069
40,267
3,395
2,146
16,276
12,8S2
5,638
10,944
3,699
109,210
127,437
6,085
138,288
162,841
15,887
23, 346
130, 705
91, 916
80, 524
230, 011
3, 815
*8,805
1,507
7,022
18,831
117,212
18,668
17.563
5,557
11,770
29,923
32,844
5,256
7,264
170,287
46,713
30.727
33,630
32,715
31,787
0,190
39,158
65, 335
46,297
44,188
13, 632
64,258
11.563
21,842
4,188
3,845
60,620
7,075
237,470
12 22,901
6,719
105,173
20,718
15,850
6,117
1211,637
4,458
30,561
98,920
10,477
4,780
42,664
29,945
23,397
32,436
8,055
3.060
39
967
2,235
29.879
4.619
5.620
537
4,850
4,799
6,535
769
1,248
34,512
8,226
7,080
5,268
4,122
4,104
2,548
5,157
18,387
13,031
7,788
2,184
11.880
1,378
4,949
375
1,622
5,663
78
1,499
2,913
24,625
3,740
6,676
722
4,244
4,606
6,721
1,968
2,619
28,903
10,114
6,544
6,097
4,982
5,904
3,087
6,785
15,510
19,722
7,468
1,980
11,014
2,311
2,657
471
2,236
Trade!
44,522
1,061
19,192
40.617
395,810
42, 703
70,081
13,426
65,165
73,037
70,742
15,451
20,913
368,648
99,759
72,222
47,573
61,807
62,039
24,201
79,273
217,278
174,640
145,871
21,829
154,877
23.617
38,805
6,830
17,071
M anufacturing
Transportation
Communication
Utilities
Finance,
insurance,
and
real
estate a
3,142
28
i, tea
3,284
62,107
4,357
23, 094
2,219
15,140
7,076
8,781
1, 646
1,107
74,257
16, 270
8,936
4,514
6,267
8 ,0 1 0
2,479
17,424
43,804
28,479
19,942
2,080
26, 228
1,796
5,769
293
1,875
Service
3 Other *
13,285
347
6 , 940
14, 504
173,783
13,261
20,700
3,920
20,929
25,906
20,345
5,899
6,045
129,009
25,860
18,179
10,303
15,800
2 0, 612
5,905
26,250
57,493
50,780
40,991
6, 585
43, 296
7,640
9,005
2,846
5,998
55,927
13,967 18,185 138,700 37,207
755 1,039 12,848 512 3,696
73,534 67,030 744,000 272,663 305,338
4,402 18 6,074 72, 271 8,900 18,163
1,260 1,294 13,340 6 6 8 2,142
19,848 25,817 305,742 46,344 82,220
5,429 5,092 54,360 5,235 15, 553
3,205 4,349 38,035 4,446 12,750
2,217
1,838
1,387
4,984
15,333
1,777
1,157
4,545
5,940
2,703
0,150
587
3,230
is 2,409
1,262
5,918
19,775
2, 073
1,140
6,844
5, 340
9,822
7,774
758
35,363
29,270
13,451
68,524
192,586
23,039
9,137
67,783
71,131
35,883
86,560
1 0 ,1 0 1
6,069
1,323
854
6,881
18,063
2,373
1,145
8,655
8,723
3 ,190
14, 432
474
9,190
7, 235
2,344
19,256
56,362
6,300
2,308
19,109
20,607
10,189
2 2, 696
3,802
910
5
407
1,163
8 25,296
792
3, m
^5,840
82
1,199
723
8 2, 216
92g
15,272
J?8
14a
23?
1,145
4,375
4,294
692
4,253
3,205
2,148
1,090
1,486
1,167
i
1,204
5,852
169
1174,790
1,342
1
4,378
4,778
«4,0 0 0
104
470
21
929
5,194
1,198
102
807
810,260
743
1U4.207
27
5,law offices, or any comb.).
^ u' n anS i'io'/ ° T lnoluaSa P traae)’ Professional services, industry group
No. 86 (membership organizations, such as trade associations, trade unions, etc.), and industry grout)
No. 88 (governmental agencies other than Federal). h i^ u s try gioup
/iv!lISifry S^oups Nos. 67 and 68 (administrative offices and auxiliary units), industry group
N« n d S5 n .ot elsl;wll®!ie olaf i fle9 . “ '1 otber industries not elsewhere classified.
. ^xciudcs industry group No. 40 (interstate railroads) not covered by State law.
Includes logging and lumbering camps, not attached to sawmills and logging contractors.
$ umts ant* holding companies, * Includes plantation agencies.
adjusted for ohango in coverage from employers of 8 or more to 4 or more, effective Oct 1,1938
J Monthly averages based on data for 8 months (March, and June to December).
„ ‘ ltlGludes approximately 18,000 covered workers in domestic service covered by State law Monthly
averages are derived from monthly employment totals based on the sum of all employees on tiie monthly
pay rolls, plus the highest number on the semimonthly, weekly, and any other pay rolls
ftPFT°fjI’>t ( workers reported under temporary numbers each m onttf 7» See n o te13
J iK lJides sntreot*^ b,urhan, and interurban railways and city and suburban bus lines,
is Sm19;m??fch (April through December). Ifi No industrial classifications reported
D ata adjusted to conform with Social Security Board industrial classifications.
7in udos approximately 13,000 government employees (other then Federal) covered by State law.
Source: Fed. See. Agency, Soc. Sec. Bd., Bur. of Employment Security; Fourth Annual Report.

UNEM PLOYM ENT COMPENSATION 375
No. 409.— U n e m p lo y m e n t C o m p e n s a tio n -— R e p o r t e d T a x a b l e P a y R o l l s ,
b y M a j o r I n d u s t r i a l D iv is io n s , b y S t a t e s a n d T e r r i t o r i e s : 1938
N ote.—In thousands of dollars. See headnote, table 408. Figures are preliminary and subjoct to revision
STATIC AND
TERRITORY
Total
Finance,
Min- Conmtract
Manu­
Trans­
Com­
and confacturintiocatiotieportamuni­
Utili­
quar-
strue-
Trade i insurance,
and
rying tion real
estate*
Service3
Other*
Alabama______ 209,786 23,744 7,317 106,253 «5,118 3,436 8,030 41,636 4,180 9,496 570
Alaska...........— 18,788 7,932 685 6,137 1,690 59 137 1,621 76 446 5
Arizona............ 78,146 15,527 5,839 9,477 11,428 1,258 2,278 22,759 1,884 7,039 656
Arkansas........... 120.030 8,344 3,371 31,160 22,372 2,343 3,435 34,516 4,252 10,052 1,094
California_____ 1,997,284 68,923 87,993 532,472 189,470 50,634 42,170 552,710 104,455 311,208 “57,249
Colorado............ 178,400 18,371 7,370 38,193 30,453 6,604 5,431 50,899 7,032 11,065 2,082
Connecticut___ 666,636 987 18,483 322.815 29,669 10,207 13,744 95,902 44; 64C 24,704 6,485
Delaware........... 82,421 109 3,768 26,808 8.132 844 1,113 14,706 3,911 4,254 718,726
Dist. of Col....... 210,034 0 14,800 22,141 19,036 7,907 7,417 79,092 19,859 39,651 131
Florida.............. 218,976 2,720 12,087 50,600 33,608 5,713 6,743 74,372 9,776 22,568 789
Georgia.............. 302,365 1,084 8,910 120,196 43,008 9.347 9,486 73,956 13,137 10,186 1,056
Hawaii............... 69,450 53 4,878 25,228 6,498 1,183 2,872 16,809 3,075 5,804 «4,059
Idaho______ 70,836 9,219 3,616 14,314 11,108 1,25C 2,935 21,507 1,351 4,620 917
Illinois________ 2,411,554 48,006 64,595 1,034,783 287,756 63,751 57,780 520,788 127,032 178,OOC 38,973
Indiana_______ 697,545 14,256 18,804 398,979 75,244 10,091 16,522 112,871 25; 41C 24,892 476
Iowa____ ____- 294,776 6,806 12,257 100.949 49,191 7,925 9,288 79,200 14,679 16,296 170
Kansas............... 211,496 22,606 7,047 54,023 52,042 6,575 7,062 47,305 7,012 8,171 634
Kentucky.......... 205,314 51,362 10,795 83,533 50,305 4,456 6,986 63,110 9,691 13,820 1,257
Louisiana9........ 283,542 23,710 14,763 86,607 38,035 5,488 9,115 68,999 11,992 10,412 5,421
Maine________ 143,803 388 4,375 76,801 13,343 3,346 4,556 28,513 4,371 5,190 2,830
M aryland.......... 410,032 2,334 19,964 180,197 50,249 7,879 12,303 84,662 27,128 24,758 1,458
Massachusetts. - 1,245,702 400 34,932 618,077 89,175 31,433 %192 295,639 70,790 66,360 10,105
Michigan_____ 1,366,880 20,586 34.630 835,540 72,436 19,416 38,060 220,459 49,244 63,215 4,297
Minnesota____ 612,312 11,721 20,681 143,745 71,949 10,445 12,793 168,189 28,825 41,375 2,680
Mississippi____ 80,650 542 0,668 32,395 16,387 2,172 2,490 21,815 2,499 4,219 573
Missouri............ 708,723 8,615 18,418 259,056 102,978 17,553 18.005 195,947 40,859 4 4 ,2 1 0 3,082
M ontana.......... 98,461 13,977 4,247 10,440 19, 507 1,572 4,097 27,630 2; 273 6,435 2,283
Nebraska........... 147, 065 474 fl, 087 33,821 35,764 0,634 3,712 42, 690 9,578 8 ,3 9 3 2
Nevada.............. 33,600 8,788 1,990 1,423 7,077 556 769 8,871 385 3,740 1
N. Hampshire-- 104, 632 461 3, 710 61, 763 5,551 2,193 8,479 18,232 3,319 5,208 71G
New Jersey....... 1,187,897 4,716 32,564 661,998 94,017 24,810 34,791 194,695 69,781 63,032 6 ,5 9 3
Now Mexico..... 61, 680 13,459 3,984 3,618 10,690 700 1,324 13,991 685 2,920 134
New York ___ 4,282,808 7, 532 161,364 1,632,082 362,903 135,711 126,405 1,012,697 416,319 386,768 11140,967
North Carolina. 371,348 1,164 12,289 221,487 »30,066 4,791 ■* 7,463 66,480 13,313 12,646 1,640
North Dakota... 38,896 748 1,813 4,562 10,872 1,329 1,774 14, 704 994 2,008 1
Ohio I3. .............. 1,889,614
Oklahoma......... 250,611 67,065 6,861 40,621 §1,493 6,323 8.021 61,173 7,410 13,824 11.920
Oregon............... 216,816 1,353 8,425 80,043 26,847 5,167 7,898 59,157 6,868 14,498 86.760
Pennsylvania **
Rhode Island... 2,773,608
208, 978 257 6, 418 121,998 8,935 3,721 6,040 42,117 9,341 9,747 394
South Carolina. 163,077 009 6,669 92,634 1*13,701 1,803 12 3,207 27,750 2,164 4,885 165
South Dakota.. 41,742 5,247 2,000 7,686 6,864 1,350 1,687 13,897 1,207 1,893 11
Tcnnesseo_____ 306,864 10,706 10,133 130,042 44,538 5,814 8,340 71,710 8,903 15,364 1,265
Texas.................. 837,507 115, 111 37,926 201,357 137,114 17,768 28,341 210,712 26,852 49,233 13,093
Utah................... 06,487 12,378 3,821 19,381 17,884 2,084 2,903 25,445 3,500 5,889 3 ,2 0 2
Vermont-........... 53,204 1,837 1,885 25,098 6,836 1,400 1,601 10,439 2,279 1,764 65
Virginia—......... 347,624 20,275 15,011 127,927 62,879 6,992 10,0-12 75,103 12,999 16,469 927
Washington___ 363,453 5,880 19.621 125,734 45,603 9.531 9,164 97,213 13.866 22,299 «14,543
West Virginia_ 340,912 121,946 5,605 100,766 37,050 3,565 15,177 41,076 5,261 9,612 854
W isconsin•*___ 607,056 2,750 16,278 334,213 51,798 11,588 13,042 111, 195 26,590 24,986 1314,616
Wyoming.......... 61,814 13,139 4,412 5,070 13,416 676 1,085 10,684 544 2,748 42
■See note 1, table 408, 3 See note 2, table 408. »See note 3, table 408.
* See note 4, table 408. 3 See note 5, table 408. * See note 6, table 408.
’ Includes $16,297,000 in payrolls for industry group No. 07 (administrative offices and holding companies).
3 Includes $4,029,600 paid to employees of plantation agencies.
* Change in coverage law from employers of 8 or more to 4 or more effective Oct. 1, 1938.
1“ Excludes that part of any employee’s annual wago in excess of $3,000. Does not include approximately
$12,000,000 reported for employees under temporary numbers,
n Includes $30,139 000 reported tor domestic service, covered by State law.
*! See note 13, table 408. Aggregate annual pay rolls by industrial divisions not reported,
i* See note 16, table 408.
*< Includes $12,980,000 paid to government employees (other than Federal) covered by State law.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Employment Security; Fourth Annual
Report,

376 SOCIAL SECURITY
N o . i l O . — U n e m p lo y m e n t C o m p e n s a tio n — S t a t e F u n d s A v a i l a b l e f o r
B e n e f i t s , C o l l e c t i o n s , I n t e r e s t E a r n e d , a n d B e n e f i t s P a id , b y S t a t e s
a n d T e r r i t o r i e s : 1939
N ote,—in thousands of dollars. All data reported by State agencies except interest, which is reported by
the U. S, Treasury. With the shift of covorage of interstate railroads to the Railroad Retirement Board
effective July 1, .1030, State agencies discontinued collection of contributions and payment of benefits io
employees of interstate railroads. Data corrected to Mar. 15,1940. See general note, p. 366
STATE AND TBRRITOBT
Total________
Alabama *................
Alaska_____ ______
Arizona......................
Arkansas....................
California4________
Colorado..... ..............
Connecticut...............
Delaware...................
District of Columbia.
Florida.......................
Georgia......................
Hawaii.......................
Idaho.........................
Illinois.......................
Indiana.....................
Iow a.........................
Kansas.......................
Kentucky5...... .........
Louisiana8.................
M aine..«...................
Maryland..................
Massachusetts..........
Michigan...................
M innesota...............
Mississippi..............
Missouri................... .
Montana,..................
Nebraska_________
Nevada___________
New Hampshire___
New Jersey8______
Now Mexico.............
New York.................
North Carolina.........
North Dakota_____
Ohio...........................
Oklahoma..................
Oregon..................... .
Pennsylvania........... .
Rhode Island 8_____
South Carolina_____
South Dakota.......... .
Tonnessee_________
Vermont____
Virginia..........
Washington-
West Virginia.
Wisconsin......
Wyoming......
Month
and year
first payable
Funds
Fund#
available Collec* Interest Benefits available'
Jan. l, tlons» earned8 paid'1 Dec. 31,
10301
, 19301
1,110,626 824,876 32,192 429,298
Jon, 193S 7,403 8,407 234 4,285
Jan. 1939 886 647 22 350
Jan. 1938 1,937 2,154 54 1, 519
Jan. 1039 6,309 3,434 160 1,816
Jan, 1938 107,036 77,326 3,146 38, 546
Jan. 1039 8,944 5,040 241 3,466
Jan. 1933 16,206 10,684 845 5,126
Jan. 1939 3,916 2,388 118 711
Jan. i m 10, 782 6,763 828 1,423
Jan. 1939 9,871 6,486 295 3, 503
16, 602 8,019 429 8,238
(In 3,260 1,851 09 286
Sept. 1938 3,211 2,001 65 2,193
July 1939 117,940 68,132 3,765 10, 783
Apr. 1938 22,866 20, 000 688 10, 217
July 1938 11,446 8,187 206 5,224
Jan. 1930 10,181 5.441 263 2.288
18,930 11,006 543 4,863
Jan. 1033 12,806 9,808 341 6,034
2,466 4,094 65 3,027
0,209 12.108 206 5,747
51,730 37,766 1,526 19, 651
July 1938 37,723 46,157 1,041 37,114
Jan. 1038 16,127 14,285 468 7,598
Apr. 1938 3,347 2,208 86 1,444
Jan. 1939 34,036 19,567 1,041 5,461
July 1039 4,772 2,746 145 705
Jan. 1939 7,082 3,919 206 1,304
1,628 947 40 815
Jan. 1038 4,350 2,846 116 1,549
Jan. 1939 66,691 45,764 1,998 14,006
Doe. 1938 2,472 1,429 64 1,226
Jan. 1938 138,960 116,235 3,799 80,019
11,195 11,147 343 4,395
Jan. 1939 1,897 987 51 545
97,884 55,427 2,838 23,662
Dec. 1938 13,202 5,687 330 4,241
Jan. 1038 6,080 5,670 159 4,053
70,585 78,587 1,968 54,602
6,060 8,171 196 5,746
July 1038 7,863 3,849 214 2,143
Jan. 1939 1,077 1,126 57 304
Jan. 1038 8,677 8,696 268 4,578
32,783 22,567 944 10,707
2,240 2,687 67 1,694
2,042 1,526 57 574
11,254 10,099 342 4,488
Jan. 1039 18,891 8,036 491 6,146
Jan. 1038 7,217 9,974 216 4,213
July 1036 37,060 14,020 1,068 3,567
Jan. 1930 2,401 1,396 61 1,154
fy&37, 707
JL&49
2V8061
7,W7?
149, m
10, 7605
8 27,77V.
5,7101
16,450*
13,140*1*4
20,712
4,014
3,084
173,044
34,227
14,705
13,627
25,711
17,020
3,588
16,020
tv, ou<
23,272
4,107
40,183
6,898
9,003
1,700)
6,763
90,647
2,730i
178,9745
18,290)
2,390)
132,487
14,8781
7,85ffi
96,538)
9,581
9,783’.
2,766.
12,903
46,587'
3,300)
3,05H
17,207
22,172!
13,104-
60,081.
2,704'
1Represents sum of balances at end of month in State clearing account, benefit-payment account, andi
Unemployment Trust Fund Account maintained in the U. S. Treasury.
* Includes contributions plus penalties and interest collected from employers during 1939. Figures are
adjusted for refunds of contributions and for dishonored contribution checks. Employer contributions
of 2.7 percent arc collected in all States except the District of Columbia and Michigan, in which the rate
is 3 percent; in New York, the ralo is 3 percent for employers covered by State law but not covered by title
IX; thoso employers covered by title IX pay 2.7 percent. Employee contributions arc collected in 6 States.
See note 6.
1 Except Interest oarned on funds in State accounts in the Unemployment Trust Fund which is credited
and reported by the U. S. Treasury in the last month of each quarter.
4Adjusted for voided benefit checks.
4 Employee contributions of 1 percent arc collected in Alabama, California, Kentucky, and New Jersey;
of 0.5 percent in Louisiana; and 1.5 percent in Rhode Island.
8 Under provision of the Connecticutlaw, administrative grants equal to the preliminary and “liquidating"
amount to be transferred to the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Account are to bo withheld by the
Social Security Board, and the State is permitted to withdraw from unemployment compensation insurance
funds the amounts found necessary for administrative purposes, up to the amount so withheld. As of
Dec. 31,1939, $500,000 had been withheld.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Employment Security; Spoial
Tity Yearbook,

PUBLIC ASSISTANCE 377
N o . 4 1 1 . — -A m o u n t o f P u b l i c A s s i s t a n c e a n d E a r n i n g s o f P e r s o n s Em ­
p l o y e d U n d e r F e d e r a l W o r k P r o g r a m s i n C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s :
1933 t o J u n e 1940
N o t e .—In thousands of dollars. Figures exclude cost of administration; of materials, equipment, and
other items incident to operation of work programs. Figures are partly estimated and subject to revision.
See general note, p. 360
TEA R AND
MONTH
OBIIGATIONS INCURRED
FOR—
All
public
assistance
and
earnings
of
persons
employed
under
Federal
work
programs
Special
types
of General
public
relief *
assistance
3
Relief
under
special
programs
of Federal
Emergency
Relief
Administration
4
Subsistence
payments
certified
by
Farm
Security
Administration
i
EARNINGS OF PERSONS EMPLOYED UNDER
FEDERAL WORK PROGRAMS 8
Civilian
Conservation
Corps*
National
Youth
Administration
7
Student
work
program
Outofschool
work
program
Work
Projects
Administration
b
Other
Federal
work
and
construction
projects8
Civil
Works
Program
w
1933 ..
1934 ..
1936...............
1936 ...
1937 ...
1938 ...
1939 ...
Ja n.........
Fob........
M ar.......
Apr........
M ay.......
Juno___
Ju ly___
A ug-----
Sept___
Oct.........
N ov___
Dec____
1940 (6 mos.)
Ja n ____
F eb____
M a r,__
A pr____
M ay___
June___
1,368,159 72,414
2,436,328 80,003
2,594,704 114,663
3,258,776 217,516
2,869,382 397,867
3,487,182 508,980
3,494,490 666, ‘
316, 274 45,
310,087 46,191
318,468 46,369
309, 348 46,201
308,041 46,161
304, 526 47,080
279,112 47,518
276,648 47,756
258,231 47,937
268,659 47, ‘
271,760 48,259
273,634 48,692
1,636,926
270,611
274,083
280,620
270,533
274,806
256,473
808,853
50,079
61,184
61,231
61,682
51,751
62,426
758,762
200,360
433,180
439,004
406,882
476,202
481,726
43,701
46,028
46,587
41.277
39,237
37,052
36,264
38,234
38,647
38,699
38.277
38,721
229,912
42,597
41,494
40,218
37,817
35,378
32,408
5,753
61,069
114,906
3,873
467
140,736
260,957
2,541 332,851
20,3G6 202,307
35,894 245,756
22,587 230,318
19,050 230,513
2,391 20,642
2,327 20,689
2,492 18,103
2,242 19,974
1,687 20,432
1,284 18,037
828 19,317
1,211 10,372
846 17,097
876 19,308
1,156 10,321
1,710 17,621
13,266
1,092
2,309
2,805
2,500
2,144
1,516
108,341
19,426
19,005
17,479
18,051
17,908
15,872
6,364
26,329
24,287
10,598
22,707
2,266
2,457
2,446
2.494
2.494
1, QTm
(«) 6
306
%
2,952
2,962
18,830
2,852
3,114
3,266
3.361
3,423
2,314
28,883
32,664
41, 560
61,538
4,347
4,472
4,451
4,318
4,286
3,093
2,661
4,146
4,222
4,437
4,864
6,442
35,249
5,816
6,138
6,251
5,911
5,554
6,579
166,648 214,956
330,879
238,018 352,151
592,039 638,370
180,266 630,299
750,836 437,101
665,224 657,872
160,606 30.423
154,705 34,158
102.596 35.424
162,457 40,386
147,979 45,765
140.597 53,948
122,112 50,612
111, 54,232
93,050 56,126
101,086 52,965
105,589 51,342
111, 894 46,692
684,097
109,759
116,032
124,363
119,959
114,346
100,638
237,878
37,390
36,207
34,907
40,352
44,302
45,720
i Fignres from the F. S. A. represents net amount of emergency grant vouchers certified to cases and
value of commodities distributed during month.
1 Includes earnings of persons certified as in need and earnings of all other persons omployed on work
and construction projects financed in whole or in part from Federal funds. Figures for the C. C. O. represent
earnings of enrolled persons only.
8 Figures through January 1936 represent payments from State and local funds only. Thereafter, figures
represent payments to recipients from Federal, State, and local funds in States administering the 3 special
types of public assistance under the Social Security Act and from State and local funds only in States not
participating under the act. After 1939, figures includo payments for hospitalization and burials.
* Figures through March 1937 from the W. P. A., Division of Statistics. Figures for 1933-36 Include
obligations incurred for direct relief, and earnings of relief and nonrelief persons (other than of administrative
employees) employed under the general relief program of the F. E. R. A.; they also include an
estim ated amount of obligations incurred for relief extendod to cases by local authorities from public funds
under the poor laws. After 1939, figures include payments for hospitalization and burials.
* Figures from the W. P . A., Division of Statistics; includo obligations incurred for relief extended to
cases under the emergency education, student aid, rural rehabilitation, and transient programs of the
Emergency Relief Administrations largely financed from F. E. R. A. funds.
* Figures estimated by the G. G. C. by multiplying avorage monthly number of persons enrolled by an
average of $70 per month through June 1939, $67 for July-October and $66.25 for November and December.
T h is average amount is based on amount of obligations incurred for cash allowances and for clothing,
shelter, subsistence, and medical care of persons enrolled, and for certain other items.
7 Figures for September 1935-June 1939 from the W. P. A.. Division of Statistics; thereafter, from the
N . Y . A.; represent earnings during all pay-roll periods endea during month.
8 Figures from the W. P . A., Division of Statistics; represent earnings of persons employed on projects
operated by the W. P. A. and. after June 1938, earnings of persons employed on Federal agency projects
financed by transfer of W. P. A. funds; cover ailpay-roll periods ended duringmonth.
8 Figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Construction and Public Employment; represent
earnings on other work and construction projects financed in whole or in part from Federal funds and
cover all pay-roll periods ended during monthly period ended on 15th of specified month.
io Figuros from the W. P . A., Division of Statistics; represent estimated total earnings during month.
u Loss than $500.
Source: Federal Security Agency. Social Security Board, Bureau of Research and Statistics? figures are
published currently in Social Security Bulletin.
267706°— 41-------26

For footnotes, see next page.
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fcp. fcp. CO I J Q O ^ O M O C C O H H H- 1— O 00 -O OT C> OT Cn tP. O “4 CO 03 CO Q < 0 *4 011- 0 -I)P .D Q —4 to 00 tO t O t w O C r
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—4 Cn CO CO to 0 —4 ^*5 OO —4 5o 00 OO —4 —4 C i to 1 (—1t o CO tO tO fc- O fcp. fc^. fc—fc03 1—1 0 OOCCi 1 1 1 1 l
fcP. CO
CO C i —4 fcA .C O fcoO 0 t o 13. 0 t o t o t o fcP. t o CO t ' CD CO fc^-- 4 0 cD I P O O O »-■ CO Cn CO OS O il 1 1 1 1 1 1 t 1
t-' o
co co co to ro to to to to to t o to to to to to to to to t o to to t-* i - - 1—* h -1- 1 >-* i-» «-. »-* j- . i_i ,_i ! ! ! ! | J 1 1 1 1
CO CO to t o C* CO to fc-1 o 1-* to to CO fcp. cc l£r C O tO b 3l-‘ H-Ci-4CnCnCnfcP*- co t o —4 tD -3C 3C C 3 fc i fc » » > i i »
D fc
O tC itO C3 t-C O cn I-. —4 fcp. cn 63 O t o - 4 O O O l— co C n m CD O O t ts C3 —4 CO to CD —4 fcp. CO I I i I I I I 1 I I I
Cases for which subsistence payments were
certified by Farm Security Admn.5
Civilian Conservation Corps7
Student aid
Work projects
National
Youth
Administration
8
*4 fcfl
g td
0 ts
1=1 CD
SJ o
ir 1 za
o*aJ
o»Sf
_t3_tO j>0 _tOw^ J —‘,|- ‘ ^ -i_t0^t0_t0 JOfc_CO_tO CO _CO Co COJiOJOS to , to^to to t o t o ^ 1 JOlJOJiO b3 JO I t I I I ! I l l
t o to to H D C O S O t O C i © s 4 0 < 0 0 > -*0 3fc O tO w tD -4C 3 C 3tC O C O Cn U . CD V— JOrf^tOCO 0 3 0 3 ' « i t i \ \ 1 I
CD O o O [£- C3 C3 —4 —4 03 CO O eo I-— Cn CO 00 O tO CO >p. CO CO ^ O

PUBLIC ASSISTANCE 3 7 9
N o. 4=12.— R e c ip ie n t s o f P u b l ic A s s is t a n c e a n d P e r s o n s E m p l o y e d U n d e r
F e d e r a l W o r k P r o g r a m s, E t c .— Continued
[In thousands]
ESTIMATED R E C IP IE N T S OT
TJNDUPLI- SPECIAL TYPES
CATED OP PUBLIC AS-
TOTAL 1 SISTANCE s
PERSONS EMPLOYED UNDER
FEDERAL WORK PROGRAMS *
YEAR AND
MONTH
Aid to
dependent
children
s i
a s
l a
a j
»R
•g 9
i s
1910—April.
M ay,
June.
6,247
6,030
6,700
17,941
17,106
16, 070
-d
5 3 O
1,044
1,960
1,970
3 3 0
814
3 4 2 8 2 3
340 831
71
71
72
1,646
1,401
1,373
1Estimated by tho W. P. A. and the Sooial Security Board.
1Includes recipients assisted from Federal. State, and local funds for programs administered under State
plans approved by tile Sooial Security Board, and from State and local funds for those administered undor
state laws without Fodoral participation. After 1039, inoludes oases receiving hospitalization and burials.
1 Figures for January 1933-Maroh 1037 from the W. P. A., Division of Statistios. Figures represent the
number aided during the month. Figures for 1933-36 include eases receiving direct relief, and relief and
nonrcliaf persons (other than administrative employees) employed under the general relief program of the
F, E. R. A.; they inoludo an estimated number of general reiiof cases aided by local authorities from public
funds under the poor laws. Alter 1039, figures include eases receiving hospitalization and burials,
1Figures from the W. P. A., Division of Statistics; include cases receiving relief during month under
omorgonoy education, student aid, rural rehabilitation, and transient programs of emergency relief administrations
iargoly financed from F. E. R. A. funds.
‘ Figures from the F. S. A.; represent net number of emergency grant vouchers certified to cases and
number of oases receiving commodities purchased by the F. S. A. and distributed during month.
* Includes persons certified as in need and all others employed on work and construction projects financed
in whole or in part from Federal funds. Figures for C. C. C. represent enrolled persons only.
I Figures from tho O. 0 . C.; estimated for March 1933-Maroh 1936; for subsequent months they are
averages computed by tho O. C. C. from reports on number of persons enrolled on 10th, 20th, and last day
of each month except for the Indian Division, for which averages are computed from daily reports.
* Figures for September 1935-June 1939 from W. P . A., Division of Statistics; thereafter, from the
N. Y. A.; represent number of different persons employed during month.
* Figures from the W. P. A., Division of Statistics; represent average weekly number of persons employed
during month on projects operated by the W. P. A. and, after June 1938, persons employed on Federal
agency projects financed by transfer of W. P, A. funds.
■° Figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Construction and Public Employment; represent
average weekly number of persons employed on other work and construction projects financed in
whole or in part from Federal funds during monthly period ended on 16th of specified month.
u Figures from W. P. A., Div. of Statistics; estimated number employed during month.
II Fewer than 600 persons.
Source: Fedora! Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Research and Statistios; figures are
published currently in Social Security Bulletin.
N o. 4 1 3 .— O l d -A g e A s s is t a n c e — G r o w t h : 1915 to 1939
Number
of State
and Territorial
laws in
effect
Number
of recipients
at
ond of
year
Total
payments
(thousands
of
dollars)
Average
monthly
payment
Numb or
of State
and Territorial
laws in
effect
Number
of recipients
at
end of
year
Total
payments
(thousands
of
Average
YEAR 1
monthly
pay­
YEAR I
dollars)
ment
l a i n 1 42 2 $4.70 1939 16 102,894 25,048 $20.78
1923.............. 2 618 50 7.08 1933 17 115,549 26,167 19.25
1924. 2 723 108 12.41 1934 27 235,265 32,305 14.53
192K 3 817 146 14.86 1935 32 408,502 65,002 15.57
199ft 3 1,166 230 16.46 1936J___ 45 1,107,649 155,484 318.79
1997 3 1,256 231 15.37 1937 i. . . 60 1,579,353 310,792 319.46
1928.............. 6 1,514 286 16.42 1933 51 1,779,300 392,949 319.55
1930..-........ 9 10,648 2,138 10.73 1939............. 61 1,912,356 431,328 319.33
1931 — ....... 10 76,663 16,252 19.01
1 From 1916 to 1922 only Alaska was administering old-age assistance. No data available for 1929.
1 At close of year 42 States wore administering old-age assistance under plans approved by the Social
Security Board. Figures include estimates for Alaska, Arizona, and Nevada, administering old-age assistance
under State laws.
! Average payment per recipient for December.
1 At dose of year, all States and Territories except Virginia were administering old-age assistance under
plans approved by the Sooial Security Board.
Sources; 1916-36, Dept, of Labor, Bur. of Labor Statistios; Monthly Labor Review, October 1936. 1936-
39, Federal Security Agency, Sooial Security Board, Bur. of Research and Statistios; official reports.

380 social security
No. A14.— A m o u n t o p P u b l i c A s s i s t a n c e a n d E a r n i n g s o p P e r s o n s E m ­
p l o y e d U n d e r F e d e r a l W o r k P r o g r a m s in C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s ,
b y S t a t e s : J u n e 1940 i*3
N ote,—In thousands of dollars. See headnote and footnotes, table 411
STATE
Total
OBLIGATIONS INCURRED FOR—
Special types of
public assistance
Other
Federal
work
and
construction
projects
Oldage
assistance
Aid to
the
blind
Subsistence
payments
certified
by
the
Farm
Security
Administration
General
relief
EARNINGS OF PERSONS EMPLOYED
UNDER FEDERAL WORK PROGRAMS
Civilian
Conservation
Corps
National
Youth Administration
Aid to
dependent
children
Student
work
program
Out-ofschool
work
program
Work
Projects
Administration
ToIbI................. 1Sfi6,473 39, BIG 10, 997 1,813 32,408 1,616 16,872 2,314 5, 679 100,638 >46,720
Alabama................ 3,846 187 84 5 24 81 460 15 147 1,842 1,000
Arizona................... 1,216 228 82 10 50 02 160 13 13 381 208
Arkansas................ 2,309 140 56 7 23 17 518 6 84 1,307 230
California_______ 18,086 5,382 707 344 3,186 204 494 139 177 5,256 3,068
Colorado________ 3,630 1.389 170 19 229 66 151 24 28 1,116 429
Connecticut..____ 2,917 461 3 70 6 540 (!) 102 25 53 957 701
360 30 17 - 25 1 24 4 11 163 96
Dtst. ol Columbia- 3,016 80 35 5 53 46 18 25 754 1,996
Florida. . .............. 3,082 423 83 30 58 16 247 26 84 L353 764
Georgia___ _____ 3,389 226 78 11 42 25 503 28 173 1,082 620
Idaho....... .............. 968 100 83 6 32 25 60 6 34 416 100
Illinois.................... 18,964 2,808 3168 *205 3,050 10 765 176 243 8,300 2,532
Indiana................... 6,069 1,193 489 57 549 3 324 44 123 2,658 628
Iowa............... ........ 3,574 1,153 9 62 35 490 4 176 01 91 1,133 369
Kansas................... 2,799 530 100 27 308 41 225 20 08 1,121 263
3.087 420 as 9 43 19 378 17 153 1,710 634
Louisiana............... 3.327 370 310 16 141 12 368 18 173 1,274 646
Maine.................... 1,671 300 59 28 245 5 100 15 00 321 436
Maryland.............. 2,725 327 228 14 178 5 144 24 61 886 868
Massachusetts___ 12,728 2,445 707 27 1,771 w 451 75 100 4,407 2,675
Michigan________ 8,349 1,239 717 19 1,084 13 495 118 171 3,915 578
Minnesota______ 5,671 1,351 305 25 795 20 416 68 155 2,132 404
Mississippi______ 2,500 179 91 6 9 25 360 23 99 1,188 620
Missouri________ 7,659 1,481 264 *91 277 123 644 73 152 3,800 744
Montana................ 1,673 220 66 4 83 94 123 6 27 598 452
Nebraska....... ........ 2,744 459 140 14 133 34 175 32 61 1,207 481
Nevada.......... ........ 357 60 2 (3) 10 1 15 1 6 89 167
Now Hampshire. __ 1,468 124 30 7 169 1 35 6 29 355 711
New Jersey-........... 9,123 646 346 17 1,107 3 431 79 173 3, 609 2,713
New Mexico_____ 1,211 65 48 4 18 115 129 11 46 668 209
New York.............. 28,261 3,036 1,625 73 8,513 10 090 318 646 9,378 3,080
North Carolina___ 3,497 362 156 29 83 36 404 38 127 1,721 592
North Dakota........ 1,240 148 74 4 92 86 190 21 80 515 122
Ohio........................ 14,881 2,863 383 78 1,360 6 730 110 200 7.460 1,176
Oklahoma.............. 4.506 1,289 269 34 954 75 698 47 112 1,685 344
Orogon................... 2,129 410 78 11 155 10 119 10 20 852 457
Pennsylvania......... 23,985 2.160 1,368 392 4,773 12 960 171 393 9, 275 4,444
Rhode Island......... 1,035 132 55 1 >286 m 13 10 38, 634 705
South Carolina___ 3,034 163 49 9 20 12 346 38 90 1,444 863
South Dakota........ 1,404 291 32 4 89 94 102 12 83 541 145
Utah.......................
Vermont..............
Virginia..................
Washington...........
West Virginia........
Wisconsin..............
Wyoming...............
4,049 403 201 18 922 7 430 27 88 1, 608 1,183
7,686 1,221 1 108 100 1,063 111 400 3,488 1,208
1,381 280 120 5 112 10 02 24 20 558 168
489 87 10 4 56 32 25 0 13 198 76
3,848 171 01 18 83
361 42 133 1,095 1,886
6,373 863 156 32 164 277 227 25 08 1,562 2,256
2,932 247 178 14 184
269 26 116 1,638 253
6,795 1,155 468 47 966 17 349 85 148 2,323 237
592 81 24 4 25 20 37 6 10 160 226
i Includes less than $500 not distributed by States.
1Estimated.
3Less than $500.
Source; Federal Security Agency, Social Seourlty Board, Bureau of Research and Statistics; figures are
published currently in Social Security Bulletin.

PUBLIC ASSISTANCE 381
N o . 4 1 5 .-— R e c ip ie n t s o f P u b l ic A s s is t a n c e a n d P e r s o n s E m p l o y e d U n d e r
F e d e r a l W o r k P r o g r a m s in C o n t in e n t a l U n it e d St a t e s , b y S t a t e s :
J u n e 1940
N ote.—See headnoto and footnotes, table 412
STATE
RECIPIENTS OP SPECIAL TYPES
OP PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
Aid to dependent
children
Old-age
assistance
Families
Children
Aid
to the
blind
Oases
receiving
general
relief
Oases
for
which
PERSONS EMPLOYED UNDER FEDERAL
WORE PROGRAMS
subsistence
payments
were
Civilian
Conservation
Corps
National
Youth Administration
certified
by the
Farm
Security
Administration
Student
work
program
Outofschool
work
program
Work
Projects
Administration
Other
Federal
work
and
construction
projects
TotaL......... 1,969,665 346,269 831,059 71,870 1,373,187 00,310 230,573 313,887 269, 195 1,734,497 1 392,621
A labam a-,......... 19, 940 5,914 17,134 OOOl 2,498 1,262 6,050 1,903 6,196 84,523 0,889
Arizona................ 8,136 2,544 7,058 356 3,614 4,234 2,547 1,855 670 5,740 1,738
Arkansas............. 19,755 4,654 12,147 812 4,149 790 7.823 1,043 4,105 26,041 2,046
California............ 141,792 15, 519 37,723 7,161 112, 322 8,383 7,455 16,124 9, 522 76,571 23,414
Colorado.......... 41,152 5,000 14,506 640 14,133 3,001 2,282 2,564 1,425 17,234 3,084
Connecticut........ 17,148 > 1,400 2 3,300 246 19,053 2 1,545 3, 606 2,471 16,724 6,608
Delaware............. 2,686 513 1,387 1,259 34 858 547 649 2,730 970
D istrict of Oo-
S, 868 933 2,757 210 2,131
688 1,682 1,337 10,799 13,078
Florida................ 35,222 3,783 0,641 2,351 9,820 548 3,730 3,665 5,026 25,379 8,852
Georgia................ 28,243 3,815 9,799 1, 111 6,744 1,127 7,600 8, 308 8,863 35,388 7,942
Idaho_________ 8,033 2,804 7,109 278 2,156 770 904 808 1,406 7,237 1,079
Illinois________ 188, 291 2 7, 500 217,000 27,700 148,035 469 11,545 24,434 14,805 136,737 17,218
Indiana___ ____ 66, 255 17, 305 85,736 2,439 41,635 133 4,886 4,611 6,006 47,346 6,382
Iowa......... ........... 55,100 « 3,000 2 7,000 1,460 28, 789 141 2,651 7,307 4,989 10.093 4,197
K ansas................. 27,147 6.416 14,857 1,273 19, 726 2,469 3, 399 3,855 5,425 20,374 3,400
48,734 2 200 2 095 2 5, 700 238 5,704 1,468 6,029 34,463 8,554
Louisiana.......... 31,882 13,081 '36,575 1,067 9,677 628 5,398 1,815 6,059 24,783 6,464
M a in e ........... 13,909 1,527 3,897 1,233 9,924 184 1,518 2.065 2,098 6,240 4,470
M aryland_____ 18,516 7,326 10,730 683 8,462 210 2,167 3,138 3,088 15,220 8,407
M assachusetts... 85,186 12,074 30,486 1,183 08,133 17 6,801 11,789 6,078 05,910 2 a 679
M ichigan........... 73,302 18,639 46,707 863 53,970 450 7,473 15,577 7,965 67,155 6,693
M innesota_____ 62,008 8,804 21,220 036 36,048 983 6,286 10,148 6,655 35,674 3,861
Mississippi.......... 21,610 2 104 2 162 780 1,166 1,103 5,439 3,262 5,932 25,768 8,449
M issouri.______ 92,032 11, 070 26,619 *3,656 23,633 1,910 9,718 9.568 9,360 64,411 9,131
M ontana............. 12; 176 2,370 5,741 105 4,931 3,700 1,862 630 1,420 8,730 3,690
Nebraska ........... 27,784 6,428 12,094 088 10,501 2,115 2,639 4,646 2,027 20,196 5,544
N evada................ 2,272 99 239 14 869 22 233 143 327 1,470 1,173
New Hampshire. 5,786 673 1,727 321 6,872 41 527 566 1,608 6,234 4,925
New Jersey......... 31,145 11,174 25,037 720 48,138 102 6,505 11,707 6,737 68,611 21,508
New Mexico___ 4,483 1,888 5,486 233 2,152 5,873 1,047 1,771 2,162 9,024 2,032
Now York........... 118,760 36,058 71,210 2.847 240,870 340 14,038 42,854 24,932 146,140 27,894
N ortli Carolina.. 36,604 0, 362 23,291 1,047 5,466 390 6,093 4,064 6,658 37,460 7,398
North D akota... 8,822 2,368 6, 575 181 5,080 1,043 2,867 2,373 2,467 9,508 1,351
Ohio..................... 122,886 0,034 27,731 3,064 86, 345 292 11,018 17,080 10,969 118,994 10,042
Oklahoma........... 72,750 18, 557 42,623 2,223 2 12,400 2,706 0,028 5, 617 . 5,326 37,843 3,805
O regon............... 19,173 1,080 4,674 452 0,491 270 1,801 1,610 1,185 12,658 3,640
Pennsylvania___ 98,218 33, 040 86,630 12,062 183,601 445 14,042 29, 071 20,477 158,605 35,877
Rhode Island___ 0,772 1,210 3,270 65 1 10,500 1C 105 2,039 1,630 10,052 5,652
South Carolina.. 19,796 2,004 8,943 794 2,185 413 5,218 5,435 4,304 28,668 8,938
South D akota... 14,752 1, 922 4,243 238 5,319 5,470 2,444 1,225 1,070 9,463 1,790
Tennessee_____ 40,303 14,187 36,041 1,607 2 3,800 118 6,487 2,461 6,600 38,600 10,487
118,380 91 2 230 12,523 3,886 15,889 14,957 15,157 73,246 13,656
U tah__________ 13,639 3,302 8,380 202 5,445 583 939 2.346 1,359 8,702 1,442
Vormont............. 5,442 60S 1,652 153 2,488 44 374 1,128 746 3,833 774
V irg in ia............. 17,438 2,076 9,370 1,023 7,46C 36 5,456 6,325 6,209 26,259 17, 111
W ashington........ 39,192 4 ,97fi 11,813 1,037 11,051 761 3,419 1,891 3,502 23,557 13.687
West Virginia__ 17,816 7,808 21,520 807 15,826 100 4,067 3,572 6,743 30, Oil 2,617
W isconsin.......... 61,545 12,303 28,128 2,008 45,806 825 5,262 11,956 5,513 38,713 2,130
Wyoming______ 3,403 747 1,846 148 1,398 713 668 808 018 2,577 2,001
1Includes 4 persons not distributed by States.
2 Estimated.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Social Security Ewrd, Bureau of BQWWGh Statistics; figures are
published currently in Social Security Bulletin,

382 SOCIAL SECURITY
N o . 4 1 6 .— G e n e r a l R e l i e f , b y St a t e s : J u n e 1938, 1939, a n d 1940
N o t e .— B a s e d o n r e p o r t s f r o m S t a t e a g e n c i e s , c o r r e c t e d t o J u l y 2 5 , 1 9 4 0
ST A T E
N U M B E R O P C A S E S R E C E IV IN G
R E L IE F
A M O U N T O F O B L IG A ­
T IO N S IN C U R R E D F O R
R E L IE F {T H O U SA N D S
O F D O LLA RS) 4
A V E R A G E A M O U N T O F
R E L IE F P E R CASE
11138 1 9 3 9 1 9 4 0 1 938 1939 1 9 4 0 1 9 3 8 1 9 3 9 1 9 4 0
T o t a l *......................... 1 ,6 4 7 , 888 1, 6 6 7 ,9 7 7 1 ,3 7 2 ,6 5 1 3 8 ,7 4 7 3 7 ,0 5 0 3 2 ,3 9 4 3 2 2 .9 0 3 2 3 .8 3 $ 2 3 .6 0
A l a b a m a ................................. 2 ,4 6 4 2 ,0 1 9 2 ,4 9 8 23 18 2 4 9 . 27 9 . 1 1 9 .6 8
A r i z o n a ..................................... 2 ,8 5 7 2 ,8 8 8 8 ,6 1 4 41 36 50 1 4 .1 6 1 2 .5 4 1 3 .8 7
A r k a n s a s ................................. 4 ,1 7 1 3 ,8 0 0 4 ,1 4 9 25 18 23 5 .8 9 4 . 7 5 5 ,6 8
C a l i f o r n i a ............................... 1 0 2 ,4 2 6 1 2 3 ,1 2 7 a 1 1 2 ,3 2 2 2 ,8 8 9 3 ,1 0 1 3 3 ,1 8 0 2 8 ,2 1 2 5 .1 0 2 8 .3 7
C o l o r a d o ................................. 4 1 0 ,9 0 0 1 1 ,9 6 4 1 4 ,1 3 3 4 153 166 2 2 9 1 3 .8 4 1 6 .2 3
C o n n e c t i c u t ........................ 2 4 ,6 0 4 2 0 ,6 9 9 1 0 ,0 5 3 588 540 640 2 4 .0 1 2 6 .0 9 2 8 .3 6
D e l a w a r e ............................... 2 ,0 1 3 1 ,4 5 2 1 ,2 6 9 38 27 25 1 8 .0 9 1 8 .7 8 1 9 .7 7
D i s t r i c t o f C o l u m b i a . 2, 232 1 ,5 6 4 2 ,1 3 1 59 4 0 53 2 6 .2 6 2 5 .7 6 2 4 .6 5
F l o r i d a ...................................... 9 ,3 9 5 8 , 0 7 0 e , 8 2 0 66 57 68 5 .9 3 7 . 0 0 5 .9 1
G e o r g i a ..................................... 7 , 283 5 ,9 3 3 0 ,7 4 4 43 33 4 2 5 .9 4 5 . 51 6 .2 2
I d a h o ........................................ 4 2 ,7 0 0 4 2 ,1 0 0 2 ,1 6 6 4 38 4 27 3 2 1 4 .8 9
I l l i n o i s ....................................... 1 6 7 ,1 0 9 1 8 6 i 6 8 4 1 4 8 ,0 3 5 3 ,2 6 2 4 ,1 1 7 3 ,6 6 0 1 9 .5 1 2 2 .0 5 2 4 .6 6
I n d i a n a .................................... 6 6 .0 3 6 4 5 ,9 3 3 4 1 ,6 2 0 659 552 549 1 1 .7 8 1 2 . 0 2 1 3 .1 0
I o w a ............................................ 2 7 ,4 9 7 2 7 ,2 0 2 2 8 ,7 8 9 4 2 0 438 4 9 0 1 5 .6 1 1 6 .0 9 1 7 .0 3
K a n s a s ...................................... 1 4 ,7 8 9 1 8 ,6 3 3 1 9 ,7 2 8 181 230 3 0 8 1 2 .2 6 1 2 .3 6 1 6 .6 1
K e n t u c k y .......................... 6 , OQO 5 ,1 0 0 5 ,6 0 0 4 5 4 2 ■ 4 3
L o u i s i a n a ............................... 7 ,3 3 3 7 ,8 2 9 9 , 0 7 7 100 101 141 1 3 .5 9 1 2 .8 9 1 4 .6 2
M a i n e ........................................ 1 1 ,6 3 8 1 0 ,1 3 1 9 . 9 2 4 233 206 245 2 0 .1 8 2 0 .3 9 2 4 .6 7
M a r y l a n d ...........................■. 8 ,1 9 0 7 ,5 5 9 8 ,4 6 8 181 168 178 2 2 .1 4 2 2 .3 0 2 1 .0 4
M a s s a c h u s e t t s .................. 7 1 ,3 3 4 6 3 ,1 7 2 0 8 ,1 3 3 1 ,9 3 0 1 ,6 5 9 1 ,7 7 1 2 7 .0 6 2 6 .2 7 2 0 .0 0
M i c h i g a n ............................... 1 1 3 ,6 4 0 0 1 ,8 7 4 5 3 ,9 7 6 2 ,3 7 0 1 ,2 5 8 1 ,0 8 4 2 0 .9 4 2 0 .3 3 2 0 .0 7
M i n n e s o t a ............................ 3 5 ,1 6 7 3 7 ,7 8 7 3 6 ,9 4 8 8 3 6 918 7 9 5 2 3 .7 6 2 4 .2 9 2 2 .1 1
M i s s i s s i p p i ...... .................... 9 4 6 1 ,0 1 3 1 ,1 0 6 4 4 9 4 .0 6 3 . 9 2 7 .5 3
M i s s o u r i ................................. 4 1 ,4 1 4 3 6 ,6 5 0 2 3 , 638 360 409 277 8 .6 7 1 1 .1 6 1 1 .7 1
M o n t a n a .............. _ ............... 7 ,3 8 2 5 ,1 6 1 4 ,9 3 1 114 62 83 1 5 .4 1 1 1 . 9 2 1 6 .9 0
N e b r a s k a ............................... 0 ,3 5 1 8 , 4 1 6 1 0 , 501 83 ' 9 8 . 133 1 3 .0 6 1 1 .7 1 1 2 ,6 7
N e v a d a .................................... 647 6 6 3 8 6 9 9 8 16 1 4 . G5 1 4 .6 7 1 8 .2 7
8 ,7 1 3 7 ,5 5 9 4 6 , 9 0 0 209 174 4 1 5 2 9 4 Oft 2 2 . 9 8
4 7 5 ,3 0 0 4 6 1 ,9 0 0 4 8 ,1 3 8 1 ,6 9 8 1 ,3 8 9 1 108 2 3 .0 1
N e w M e x i c o ....................... 2 ,0 4 5 2 , 1 0 2 2 , 1 5 2 14 15 18 6 .8 6 6 . 9 5 8 . 1 0
N e w Y o r k ______________ 2 7 8 ,5 0 5 2 7 5 ,1 7 9 2 4 0 .8 7 0 9 ,7 0 3 9 ,8 1 7 8 .5 1 3 3 4 . 8 4 3 5 . 6 8 3 5 .3 4
N o r t h C a r o l i n a ............... 6 ,0 8 3 5 , 0 3 2 6 ,4 6 5 39 3 8 33 5 .8 7 6 . 4 3 6 . 0 1
N o r t h D a k o t a _________ 5 , 4 7 2 4 , 0 1 3 5 ,0 8 0 8 6 70 9 2 1 6 .6 7 1 6 . 1 6 1 8 .1 9
O h i o ............................................. 1 0 1 ,8 6 9 8 9 ,0 5 8 8 6 ,3 4 5 1 ,5 8 5 1 ,4 9 2 1 ,3 0 9 1 5 .5 6 1 6 . 5 8 1 5 .8 5
O k l a h o m a 4 ____________ . 4 2 ,1 0 0 1 6 ,5 0 0 1 2 ,4 0 0 236 5 6 54
O r e g o n ___________________ 9 , 5 8 4 8 , 7 7 6 9 ,4 9 1 145 137 155 1 5 ,1 5 1 5 . 6 0 1 6 .3 4
P e n n s y l v a n i a __________ 2 2 8 ,0 4 8 2 6 4 ,1 5 3 1 8 3 ,6 0 1 6 ,2 8 6 7 ,5 7 3 4 ,7 7 3 2 7 .5 7 2 8 .6 (7 2 6 .0 0
1 1 ,3 0 0 1 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 ,5 0 0 288 287 2 8 5
S o u t h C a r o l i n a ________ 3 ,3 4 8 2 , 8 3 2 2 ,1 8 6 45 28 20 1 3 .3 7 9 . 7 2 9 .1 1
4 ,1 7 7 4 , 0 7 2 4 5, 000 54 64 4 8 4 1 3 .0 1 1 3 .3 3
3 ,8 0 0 4 ,0 0 0 3 ,8 0 0 22 22 2 2
T e x a s ___________ ________ 1 2 .7 4 0 1 3; 5 2 9 1 2 ,3 8 4 111 103 101 8 . 7 0 7 . 6 6 8 . 1 8
U t a h ........................................... 3 ,0 7 4 5 ,0 2 0 5 ,4 4 5 61 102 112 1 9 .6 0 2 0 .2 4 2 0 .0 6
V e r m o n t ............................... 2 ,8 7 0 2 ,6 6 9 2 ,4 8 8 64 60 56 2 2 .1 4 2 2 . 4 8 2 2 .3 1
V i r g i n i a ................................... 1 5 .7 2 5 8 , 7 0 3 7 ,4 0 0 113 8 2 83 7 . 1 8 9 . 3 7 1 1 .0 7
W a s h i n g t o n ........................ 1 7 ,6 0 7 « 1 2 , 6 6 0 < 1 1 , 061 224 » 1 7 0 8 1 5 4 1 2 .8 2 1 3 . 4 0 1 3 .9 1
W e s t V i r g i n i a _________ 2 4 ,7 0 3 1 4 ,1 3 7 1 5 .8 2 0 265 112 184 1 0 .7 0 7 . 9 5 1 1 .6 5
W i s c o n s i n ...... ....................... 4 2 , 4 5 2 4 4 ,7 5 0 4 5 ,8 0 3 7 2 0 0 1 2 9 0 7 1 6 .9 5 2 0 . 3 7 2 1 . 1 0
W y o m i n g ............................... 1 ,4 1 2 1 ,4 6 5 1 ,3 9 8 22 26 25 1 5 .7 6 1 7 . 6 4 1 7 .7 3
t A m o u n t o f p a y m e n t s t o c a s e s f r o m S t a t e a n d l o c a l f u n d s . F i g u r e s f o r 1 9 3 8 a n d 1 9 3 9 i n c l u d e m o n e y
p a y m e n t s , a s s i s t a n c e i n k i n d a n d m e d i c a l c a r e ; i n a d d i t i o n , h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n a n d b u r i a l i n c l u d e d f o r 1 9 4 0 .
F i g u r e s d o n o t i n c l u d e c o s t o f a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , o f m a t e r i a l s , e q u i p m e n t , a n d o t h e r i t e m s i n c i d e n t t o t h e
o p e r a t i o n o f w o r k - r e l i e f p r o g r a m s , a n d o f s p e c i a l p r o g r a m s .
3 P a r t l y e s t i m a t e d .
3 D o e s n o t i n c l u d e o a s e s r e c e i v i n g h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n a n d / o r b u r i a l o n l y ; o b l i g a t i o n s i n c u r r e d f o r t h e s e c a s e s
a m o u n t e d t o $ 2 0 ,4 7 5 .
4 E s t i m a t e d .
* D o e s n o t i n c l u d e c a s e s r e c e i v i n g m e d i c a l c a r e o n l y ; o b l i g a t i o n s i n c u r r e d f o r t h e s e c a s e s a m o u n t e d t o
$ 6 ,9 9 4 .
* D o c s n o t i n c l u d e c a s e s r e c e i v i n g m e d i c a l c a r e , h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n a n d / o r b u r i a l o n l y ; o b l i g a t i o n s i n c u r r e d
f o r t h e s e c a s e s a m o u n t e d t o $ 4 0 ,2 7 4 .
Source: Federal Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Kcsoaroh and Statistics; figures are
published currently In Social Security Bulletin.

FEDERAL GRANTS TO STATES 383
N o. 4 1 7 .— F ederal Grants to States and T erritories— Advances Certified
by S ocial Security B oard to Secretary of T reasury for P ublic
Assistance and for A dministration of Unemployment Compensation
Law s and State E mployment Services: F iscal Y ear 1939-40
NOte,—Advances are certified by the Social Security Board to the Secretary of the Treasury for a specified
quarter of operation, which is not necessarily the period in which the certification is made. Revised to
July 31,1940. See general note, p. 366
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE!
UNEMPLOYMENT c o m p e n s a ­
t io n AND STATE EMPLOYMENT
SERVICES
t e r r it o r y
grants
Total
Old-age
assistance
Aid to
dependent Aid to
children the blind
Total
Under
Social
Seourity
Act
Under
Wegner-
Foyser
Aot
Total.. S345, 026, 006 8283,420,478 *231,078,669 846, 213,458 SB, BBS, 361 *61,609,431 *58, 831,672 *3,277,768
Ala............... 2,134, 281 1,488,484 1,021,510 434,804 32,170 645,797 580,797 05.000
Alaska........ 263,496 209,001 209,661
63,835 43,835 10.000
Arlz.............. 2,005,738 1,843,765 1,357,281 431,082 56,402 251,973 238,933 13,040
Ark______ 1,374,646 948,422 703,795 213,290 31,337 426,224 381,304 44,920
Calif............ 38,471, 782 32,107,007 27,974,052 2,662,399 1, 530, 556 4,804,775 4.155.885 148,800
Oolo............. 8,614,148 8,170,3G7 7,226,545 837,921 106,001 443,776 410, 008 27,168
Conn............ 4,110,073 2,830,902 2,803,791
27,111 1,288,171 1,240,017 42,154
Del............... 508,150 280,481 190,946 89,535
227,078 214,828 12,850
D. O............. 1,242,898 745,987 529,037 181', 473 34,577 496, Oil 490,-911
F la_______ 3,770, 567 3,149,259 2,605,267 304,731 170,261 630,308 593,748 36,565
Ga________ 2,659,435 1, 793,018 1,262,735 460,860 69,423 860,417 788,417 78,000
Hawaii____ 464, 560 306,150 118,174 181,860 6,107 158, 410 143,410 15.000
Idaho........... 1,822, 718 1,564,661 1,125,277 390,643 30, 742 258,057 248,383 11,074
Ill_________ 20,755,890 17,401,180 17,401,180
3,354, 710 3,170,126 184,584
in d ________ 11,748,728 9,052,278 7,224,137 2,407,737 320,404 1, 706,450 1, 711, 609 84,941
Town............. 7,690,203 7,015,622 6,806,162
209,460 680, 581 610, 738 69,843
K ans______ 4,475,168 4,020,989 2,973,660 003,354 143,969 454,179 388,864 65,315
K y ._ ............ 3,335,003 2, 512,043 2,512,043
822,960 754,449 68,511
L a .„ ........... 4,920,322 4, 136, 036 2,274,017 1,700,276 96,342 783,687 732,781 50,006
M aine_____ 2,824,220 2,149,292 1,714,052 260,505 174,735 474,928 455,528 19,400
M d............... 4,416,902 3,528,163 2,036,960 1,306,160 95,043 887,739 847,739 40,000
M ass______ 19,710,671 16,489.381 14.313,014 2,011,081 164,686 3,230.290 3, 126,587 103,703
Mich.______ 14.007.511 10.933.200 7,876,527 2; 932,103 124,570 3,074.311 2,045,222 129,089
M inn______ 11,205,434 10,073,596 8,007,079 1,319,260 146,650 1,221,839 1,159,352 62,487
1,370,214 981,420 950,203
31,217 397,794 349, 111 48,683
M o_______ 11,880,101 10,329,884 9,075,672 1,254,212
1,539,217 1,429,217 110,000
M ont__ ___ 2.016,430 1,745,346 1,382,066 330.780 23,500 271,090 256,990 14,100
N ebr______ 4,025,612 3,643,067 2,811,583 757,811 74,263 381,955 344,384 37,571
Nov ______ 535,450 372,564 372,564
152,886 10,000
N . H ._ ........ 1,131,329 811,301 653,218 113,470 44,613 320)028 305,028 15,000
N . J .............. 8,220,896 5,505,000 3,832,457 1,574,192 99,311 2,723,936 2,617,930 106,000
N . M e i..— 801,059 603,602 348,242 233,262 21,998 197,557 186,453 11,104
N . Y --------- 30,805,264 22,670,586 16,378,224 5,873,076 419,280 8,134,678 7,820,762 304,916
N . O______ 4 , 307,800 3,220.912 2,180,633 833,2 0 3 198,070 1,086,087 1 ,000, 725 86,262
N . D a k .— . 1.512,112 1,318,739 041,271 3 5 9 ,582 17,886 193,373 170,858 16,515
Ohio_______ 22,432,810 10,501,972 17,088,925 2,009,652 493,395 2,840,838 2,659,408 181,432
Okla______ 9,055,040 9,267,401 7,842,041 1,218,531 206,829 687,030 628,647 58,990
Orog_______ 3,802,553 3,138,979 2, 725,605 342,014 71,300 663,574 638,568 25,016
Pa_______ 24,310,413 18,022,949 12,365,323 5,657,026
6,287,464 6,015,567 271,897
R. I _______ 1,711,878 1,046,566 816,619 224,467 5,470 605,322 647,291 18,031
S. C L .,........ 2,089,573 1,519,870 1,119,207 339,005 61,168 570,203 528,086 42, H 8
S. D ak____ 1,816,284 1,006,123 1,640,853 25,270 160,161 133,222 16,939
T enn______ 4.749,152 3,875,077 2,491,194 1,271, 530 112,353 874,075 798,398 75,677
Tex_______ 10,153,025 7 ,904,213 7,904,213
2,249,412 2,081,609 187,803
U tah______ 2: 686,299 2,391,894 1,822,942 535,204 33,658 294.405 282,104 12,301
V t.............. 838.167 633.061 525,858 86,782 21.321 204,206 194,200 10,000
V a................. 2,139,120 1,267,053 932,853 249,611 84,589 872,007 811,797 60,270
Wash...— . 7,275,311 6,409,212 5,386,761 840,605 181,846 866,099 825,063 41,006
W . Va------- 3.188,087 2,278,308 1,368,432 821,317 88,559 910,379 865,379 4 5 ,000
Wis______ 9.028.072 8,870,727 6 ,7 6 9 ,9ig 1,801,519 299,289 1,057,345 980,257 77,088
Wyo______ 795,005 622,270 473,783 122,834 25,053 172,735 162,735 10,000
* These data are not comparable with those in tables 411 and 414, showing the amount of obligations
incurred for payments to recipients, which include payments from Federal, State, and local funds and
exclude administrative expense.
Source: Federal Security Agency, Social Seourity Board, Bureau of Accounts and Audits- Annual
Report.

3 8 4
SOCIAL SECUEITY
N o . 4=18.— R a il r o a d R e t ir e m e n t — B e n e f it P a y m e n t s C e r t if ie d t o t h e
S e c r e t a r y o f t h e T r e a s u r y , b y C l a ss o f P a y m e n t : 1936 t o 1939
N o t e ,—The Railroad Retirement Act, as passed in 11)35 and amended in 1937, established a Federal retirement
system for railroad employees. Employers under the act include carriers—railroads, express companies,
and sleeping-oar companies; carrier affiliates—refrigerator-car loan companies, for example;
organizations such as railroad or traffic associations maintained by 2 or more employers; and standard
railway-labor organizations, national in scope. The act provides for 5 classes of retirement benefits:
(1) Employee annuities, both disability and old age, based on an employee's years of aervioo and average
monthly compensation, exclusive of earnings above $300, with employers under the act.
(2) Survivor annuities, paid to the surviving spouse of a deceased employee annuitant who had elected
a reduced annuity during nis or her lifetime in order to provide a lifetime annuity for his or her surviving
spouse.
(3) Death-benefit annuities, paid under the 1935 act to the surviving spouse or dependent next of kin
of a deceased annuitant or of a deceased employee who at the time of his or her death was entitled to
receive an annuity. Theso annuities ore equal to half the annuities paid or payable to tho employee
annuitants before their death, and are payable for 12 months.
(4) Lump-sum death benefits, paid under the 1937 act to a designated beneficiary or to the deceased
employee’s legal representative. These benefits are equal to 4 percent of the compensation earned as an
employee after Dec. 31,1936 (excluding compensation in excess of $300 in any 1 month), less the aggregate
amount of any employee or survivor annuities that may have been paid or payable. If an employee
annuitant had elected a joint and survivor annuity and his or her spouse was alive at the time of his or
her death, the death benefit is not payable until after the death of the spouse.
(5) Pensions paid under the 1937 Act to individuals who wore, on both March 1 and July 1,1937, on the
pension or gratuity rolls of employers under the act and who were not eligible on July 1,1937, for annuities
based in whole or in part on service prior to Jan. 1,1937. The pensions are equal in amount to the
individual pensions or gratuities granted by employers, but cannot exceed $120 per mouth.
The funds of the retirement system come from an equal tax on employers and employees, based on the
amount of compensation, not in excess of $300 in any 1 calondar month, earned by each employee. The
changes in the tax rate are as follows: Calendar years 1937, J938, 1939, rate 2% percent; 1940,1941, 1942,
rate 3 percent; 1943, 1944, 1945, rate 3M percent; 1940,1947, 1948, rate Z}i percent; 1949 and subsequent
years, rate 3% percent. Thus the total amount of the tax available for the first 3 years of the system is
percent of total employee compensation (as defined above), and for the year 1949 and thereafter it
will be 7\i percent
CALENDAR YEAH- OB
MONTH
Total
payments
Employeo
annuities
Survivor
annuities
Deathbenefit
annuities
Lump-sum
death
payments
Pensions
Cumulative through December
1039....................
1 $250,280,014 $107,796,344 $1,023,139 $1,609,318 $2,209,011 $76,982,172
1636................ ................
1037 ............................
1038 ............................
1939...............................................
085,118
40, 771, 704
98,456, 670
110,387,113
672,878
2 21,200,020
66,381,376
79,541,461
11,402
155,364
614,524
841,789
748
298,156
767, 552
602,862
311,840
1,897,771
19,117,555
30,381,387
27,483,230
January......................
February...................
M arch-.........................
April...................................
M ay...........................
Juno...................................
July.....................................
August..............................
September.......................
October......................
November.......................
December........................
8, 973, 200
9,159,325
8,991,519
9,130,100
9,181, 704
9,090, 012
9, 187, 050
9,147, 600
9, 210, 061
9,487,090
9,344, 390
», 463,238
n, 330,103
6,470,105
0,279,071
8,478,510
S, OSS, 327
a, 519,021
0,653,230
0,044,107
0,057,178
0,958,106
0,807,102
7,054,237
59,578
02,570
71,001
63,843
68,081
80,005
60,782
72,709
72,701
71,317
75,417
73,765
57, 248
66,012
34,090
61,862
55,010
60,895
58,005
42,906
48,779
37,345
46,786
37, 834
118,494
182, 597
261,410
196,823
164,804
138,287
130,439
138,400
124,033
197, Q99
125,179
119,300
2,407,786
2,382,041
2,345,251
2,329,056
2,305,482
2,285,144
2, 270,585
2, 240,394
2,308,270
2,222,243
2,109,846
2,178,102
i Total benefit payments on basis of vouchers certified to the Secretary of the Treasury are $8.8 million
more than total on basis of checks drawn by disbursing officer. Amounts are certified to tho Secretary of
the Treasury, and encumbered on books of tho Railroad Retirement Board in latter part of month, but
chocks are not drawn by disbursing officer until first of following month.
s Includes payments, for 3 months before Oct. 1, 1037, of $1,183,542 to temporary pensioners who were
eligible for omployee annuities.
Source: Railroad Retirement Board, annual report. Figures are published currently in Tho Monthly
Review.

RAILROAD RETIRRMEUT SYSTEM 385
N o . 4 1 9 . — R a il r o a d R e t ir e m e n t — A n n u it ie s a n d P e n s io n s — N u m b e r
o p C e r t if ic a t io n s a n d T e r m in a t io n s b y D e a t h , a n d N u m b e r in F o r ce
a t E n d o p P e r i o d : 1936 t o 1939
N ote.—-Figures are based on month in which annuity or pension was first certified or terminated upon
notice of dentil rather than on month in which annuity or pension bogan to accrue or benefioiary died.
Negative figures result from corrections for previously certified claims declared ineligible. See headn'ote,
table 418
CERTIFICATIONS
term inations by d e a t h
CALENDAR YEAR OR MONTH
Total
Employee
annuities
Pensions
Survivor
annuities
Deathbenefit
annuities
i
Total
Employee
annuities
Pensions
Cumulative through December
1939.............................. 168,980 112,318 48,617 2,130 4,008 27,707 13,479 10,028
1938....... ...............................- J, 7G2 1,752 0 5 5 18 18 0
1937-.........................-............. 87,184 37,720 48,276 361 837 3,172 1,043 1,805
1938......... - ............................. 49,797 46,702 212 1,042 1,751 11,680 5,402 4,629
1939......... ....................... ........ 28,237 28,062 29 741 1,416 12,027 7,016 4,434
January.......................... 2,070 2,498 7 62 112 1,168 645 403
F eb ru ary ...................... 2,870 2,716 - 1 56 100 1,172 642 423
M arch______________ 2,928 2,638 0 101 189 1,241 648 450
A pril............................... 2,544 2,327 6 76 136 1,207 651 416
M a y ................................ 2,417 2,210 1 66 141 1,007 578 384
.Tims................................ 2,211 2,000 4 73 134 1,048 565 360
Ju ly................................. 2.006 1,827 2 68 110 981 634 317
A ugust............................ 1,902 1,858 5 46 84 1,003 591 376
September...................... 1, 971 1,753 4 70 144 786 436 242
October.................... ...... 2,101 2,061 2 33 65 1,025 676 347
November___________ 2,313 2,142 - 1 58 114 1,080 585 358
December....................... 2,145 2,022 1 46 77 1,029 565 358
TERMINATIONS b y
d e a t h — c o n tin u e d
IN FOKCE AT END OF PEBIOD »
c l a e n d a r y e a h o r m o n t h
Survivor
a n n u itie s
Deathbenefit
annuities
1
Total
Employee
annuities
P e n sio n s
Survivor
a n n u itie s
D c a th -
b euofit
a n n u i­
tie s 1
C u m u la tiv e through D e c e m ­
b e r 1039.............................................. 78 8,817 138,808 68,539 37,614 2,064 691
1936........................................................... 0 0 1,742 1,732 0 6 5
1937................................... - ..................... 3 261 85,644 38,387 46,326 353 578
1938........................................................... 22 1,627 123,556 79,550 41,931 1,372 703
1930............................................................ 48 1,428 138,808 98,539 37,514 2,064 691
January............................... 1 119 125.053 81.398 41,527 1.432 698
February............................. 5 102 126, 742 83,473 41,002 1,482 695
M arch.................................. 3 140 128,403 85,431 40,050 1,580 742
April........................ ........... 6 135 129,747 87,100 40,250 1,652 745
M ay........ -....................... — 5 130 131,033 88,706 39i 859 1 ,7 1 2 756
June..... .............................. 2 121 132,216 90,162 39,500 1,783 771
July................................ — 5 125 133.255 01,471 39,184 1,836 764
A u g u s t .......................................... 0 120 134,1X9 92.697 38,820 1,875 727
S e p te m b e r .............................. 5 103 135,313 94,031 38,675 1,939 788
October............................... 3 99 136; 388 95,460 38,223 1,970 735
6 132 137,622 97,009 37,872 2,024 717
D e c e m b e r ___________ _____ 3 103 138,808 98,539 37,614 2,064 691
■In a few eases payments are made to more than 1 survivor on account of the death of a single individual.
Such payments are here counted as sin g le ite m s. Terminations include those by death and by expiration
of 12-month period for which death-benefit annuities are payable. Practically all terminations are of the
^ r'o b tato ed, after adjustments, by adding the difference between certifications and terminations to
num ber in force at end of preceding period. Adjustments include suspensions, returns to service, comm
uted lump-sum paymonts, and reinstatements of suspended payments.
Source: Railroad Retirement Board, annual report. Figures are published currently in The Monthly
Review.

386
SOCIAL SECCEITY
N o . 4 2 0 .— Railroad R etirement— E mployee Annuities, by Class o r
E mployer and Occupational Group, and by Type op Annuity, Certified
T hrough June 1939
Note.—See headnote, table 418
CLASS 01 EMPLOYER AND
OCCUPATIONAL GROUR 5
Total.................................................
Class I railroads, total.................................
Executive, professional and supervisory.
Foremen..................................................
Olerioal................................................
Maintenance ol -way and structures,
skilled.................................... ............
Track labor....... ....................................
Maintenance of equipment, skilled.......
Maintenance of equipment, Unskilled-
Helpers and apprentices.........................
Station agents and telegraphers______
Station and platform laborers________
Train and engine service, engineers and
conductors..........................................
Train and engine service, firemen,
brakemen, switcbmon, and hostlers..
Other occupations..................................
Unknown occupations............................
Glass II and III railroads..........................
Class I switching and terminal companies.
Other switching and terminal companies.
Electric railroads........................—............
Express companies.....................................
Pullman Company................................ ...
Oar-loan companies...............................
Railroads in Alaska and Hawaii..............
Railway associations..............................
National labor organizations.....................
TOTAL ANNUITIES
Number
100, 653
91,876
8,280
6,202
4,886
2,582
7,310
16,054
6,313
5,402
2,326
3,016
Percent
100.0
91.3
8.2
G.3
4.8
2.6
7.3
16.6
6.3
5.4
2.3
3 .0
TOTAL EMPLOYEES
WITH CREDITED
WAGES 1938
Number Percent
1, 537,904
1,325,973
77,200
44,736
118,400
29.465
276,446
137,910
72.465
95,807
49,238
08,091
100.0
5.0
2.9
7.7
1.9
17.9
9 .0
4.7
6.2
3.2
4 .4
AGE ANNUITIES
65 and over
Number Percent
79,712
72, 578
6,463
5,000
3,723
2,092
6,036
12,381
4, 535
4,496
1,686
2,599
100.0
91.2
8.1
6 .3
4.7
2.6
7.6
15.6
6.7
5.6
2.1
3 .3
15,181 13.0 84,305 5.5 11, 371 14.3
7,878 7.8 169,966 11.1 5,431 6.8
7,661 7.6 88,079 5.7 6,684 8 .4
92 .1 14,806 1.0 76 .1
1, 694 1.0 20,8 9 0 1.7 1,225 1.5
2,300 2 .3 37,467 2 .4 1,917 2 .4
833 .8 22, 249 1.4 714 .9
766 .8 15,188 1.0 644 .8
1,046 1.6 61,573 4 .0 1,341 1.7
802 .8 25,955 1.7 631 .8
181 .2 12,006 .8 156
.2
43
1,720 .1 39 (?)
215
188
. 2
181
9,798
113 .1
Miscellaneous employers.......................... 218 .2 i7i .2
CLASS OF EMPLOYER AND
OCCUPATIONAL GROUT 1
AOE ANNUITIES—COD.
Under G6
DISABILITY ANNUITIES
30 years of service
Less than 30 years
ofservice
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total------ --------------------------------- 3,810 m o 1 2 , m 106.0 4,167 100.0
Class I railroads, total_________________ 3,439 80.2 12,100 93.2 3,763 80.6
Executive, professional and supervisory. 419 11.0 1,321 10.2 77, 1.9
Foremen______________ ______ ____ 319 8.4 841 6.6 132 3.2
Clerical.... ............................................... 262 6.9 737 5.7 163 3.9
Maintenance of way and structures,
skilled.................................................... as 2.3 250 1,9 152 3.7
Track labor.................................... ... 159 4.2 528 4.1 587 14.1
Maintenance of equipment, skilled....... 721 18.8 1,722 13.3 830 19.9
Maintenance of eq'utpment, unskilled.. 112 2.9 310 2.4 350 8.4
Helpers and apprentices_____ _____ — 152 4.0 391 3.0 363 8.7
Station agents and telegraphers______ 127 3.3 473 3.6 43 1.0
Station and platform laborers...... .......... 03 1.7 189 1.5 165 4.0
Train and engine service, engineers and
conductors........................................... m 12.7 3,119 23.9 206 5.0
Train and engine service, firemen,
brakemen, switchmen, and hostlers.. 358 9.4 1,7 2 6 1 8 .3 308 8 .7
Other occupations................................... 170 4.5 475 3.7 332 8 .0
4 .1 12 .1
Class II and III railroads........................... 90 2.5 216 1.7 57 1.4
Class I switching and terminal companies 70 1 ,8 208 2.6 105 2.5.
Other switching and terminal oompanies.. 27 .7 60 .5 32 .8
Electrio railroads......................................... 38 1.0 42 .3 41 1.0
Express companies.......... -......................... 05 1.7 160 1.3 74 1.8
Pullman Company.... ................................ 20 .5 91 .7 60 1.4
Car-loan companies..........................-........ 0 .2 7 .1 12 .3
2 .1 2 (8)
Railway associations.................................. 8 .2 13 .1 6 , i
National labor organizations_____, _____ 10 .3 54 .4 4 .1
Miscellaneous employers.......................... 29 .8 15 .1 3 .1
i The last railroad occupation has been used in each case. 1 Less than 0.1 percent.
Source: Railroad Retirement Board, annual report. Figures are published currently in The Monthly
Review.

RAILROAD RETIREMENT SYSTEM 387
No. 4 2 1 .— Railroad R etirement—Annuities and P ensions in F orce
J u n e 30, 1939, and Lump-Sum D eath Benefits Certified T hrough
J une 30, 1939, by States
S ee head-
N o t e .— D a ta a re s u b je c t to r e v is io n u p o n v e rific a tio n of a d d itio n a l so rv ice a n d c o m p e n sa tio n .
note, table 418
TOTAL
EMPLOYEE AN­
NUITIES
PENSIONS
SURVIVOR AND
DEATH BENEFIT
ANNUITIES
LUMP'SUM
DEATH
BENEFITS
Monthly
amount
payable
Monthly
amount
payable
Monthly
amount
payable
Monthly
amount
payable
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Total
amount
Total___ 132, 239 $8,290,476 90,185 $5, 896,101 39, 500 $2,305,771 22,564 »$88, 604 16,025 $1,357,761
Alabama............. 1, 550 88,288 1, 288 77,535 217 9,303 45 1,390 244 19,977
A rizona,-........... 333 22,192 230 17, 053 10G 5,016 3 123 51 4,284
Arkansas............. 1,137 68,820 860 55, 60S 244 12,201 33 1, 111 165 14, 268
California........... 6,855 442,215 3,001 273, 252 2,845 165,030 100 3,939 74? 65,686
Colorado............. 1,622 104,240 1,058 72, 745 530 30,602 25 803 191 17,204
Connecticut....... 969 61, 277 587 38,656 358 21,838 24 783 129 12, 432
Delaware............. 622 43, 522 332 24,135 288 19,328 2 5t 60 3,581
Dist. of Col........ 421 28,462 284 20,130 129 7,960 8 372 87 7,512
F lorida.-............ 1,549 108,032 043 68,660 584 38,453 22 91E 187 14,311
Georgia—............. 1,608 99,363 1, 200 81, 654 299 16,122 49 1,687 398 31,410
Idaho__ —.......... 331 21,496 221 14, 290 104 6,986 6 220 36 2,802
Illinois________ 9,698 597,821 6,877 443, 819 2,683 145,484 238 8,518 1,380 123,384
Indiana_______ 5,444 336,030 3,848 244, 523 1,480 87,430 116 4,077 589 47,465
Iowa__________ 3,784 235, 919 2,800 179, 870 899 53,123 85 2,926 318 26,338
Kansas.............— 2,065 175,534 2,026 129, 074 879 44,424 60 2,036 298 26,707
K ontuoky.......... 2,651 147, 511 2,024 116,548 567 29,178 60 1,785 354 29,380
Louisiana--....... 1,051 61,425 753 46, 111 275 14, 189 23 825 176 13,456
Maine.................. 977 52,774 659 39,521 286 12,184 32 1,069 85 8,045
M aryland........... 2.639 169,086 1,629 109,804 978 58,321 32 961 320 25,553
M assachusetts... 3,104 192, 111 2,117 138,121 921 51,626 66 2,364 364 32,212
Michigan............ 3,404 210,064 2,328 150,960 1,058 62,287 78 2,827 426 37,151
M innesota.......... 4,002 241,137 2, 699 168,405 1,226 69,875 77 32,797 356 34,260
Mississippi......... 1,041 67,373 730 43, 542 295 13,305 16 520 133 9,920
Missouri______ 4,451 274, 012 3,176 205,148 1,183 66,124 93 3,340 614 44,973
M ontana......... 728 45,878 584 30,850 131 8,568 13 454 85 8,083
Nebraska............ 1,564 97,625 802 58,910 631 37,499 31 1,116 163 15.475
N e v a d a ............. 137 8,452 103 6,762 30 1, 552 4 148 19 1,649
New Hampshire. 703 41,753 530 34, 233 146 6,825 21 695 38 3,192
New Jersey......... 4,782 321,040 3,102 213,575 1.620 104,909 67 2,565 604 52,034
No w Mexico___ 41G 21, 653 267 15,466 152 5, 932 7 255 40 2,629
New Y ork.......... 10,262 643,811 0,809 440,806 3, 251 190, 203 202 6,652 1,430 122,675
North Carolina.. 1,125 69,069 906 58, 423 168 3,845 51 1,801 215 17,696
North D akota... 435 24,675 306 17, 940 121 6,515 e 3214 62 6,382
Ohio..................... 8,902 574,184 6,069 402,650 2,766 166, 780 138 4,730 1,023 86,254
Oklahoma........... 804 53,386 686 44, 241 100 8,660 18 585 121 10,049
Oregon................ 1,118 69, 760 715 48,019 386 21,228 17 503 106 9,332
Pennsylvania ... 19, 214 1.287,616 12, 800 854,300 6,677 424,306 247 0,004 1,729 139, 318
Rhode Island__ 398 24,132 228 14,412 154 9,079 16 641 38 2,045
South Carolina.. 633 36.891 649 32,797 62 3,359 22 735 103 7,788
South D akota... 372 20,908 297 17, 359 67 3,380 8 259 43 3,359
Tennessee........... 2,386 136, 445 1,906 115,604 399 18, 221 81 2,620 310 24,872
T exas............ — 3,608 225,08C 2,411 105,595 1,041 57,483 56 2,002 706 61, 685
U ta h .................. 643 34, 084 369 25,027 163 9,471 11 486 93 8,307
Vermont........___ 47C 28,235 355 22,686 104 5,203 11 346 55 3,908
Virginia.............. 2,965 177,985 2,068 129,003 887 47,134 50 1,848 525 43,892
W ashington....... 2,071 128,083 1,561 100, 330 471 26,480 39 1,278 191 17, 344
West Virginia-.- 2,044 117,838 L412 85, 337 6(17 31,816 25 685 263 18,674
Wisconsin........... 3, 23? 192,20C 2,435 149, 221 707 40,011 91 2,068 318 26,982
W yoming___... 239 16, 270 151 10,754 84 5,361 4 164 37 4,525
Outside continental
United
States............... 782 47, 221 470 30,613 299 16,203 13 405 82 5,611
i For annuities and pensions in force, residence at timo first check was mailed. For lump-sum death
benefits, residence at time chock was mailed; arbitrarily chosen if divided between 2 or more beneficiaries
residing in different States. This was necessary in less than one-half of 1 percent of the payments.
3 Figures do not represent the number of individuals receiving these annuities. In 4 cases, death benefit
annuity payments were being made to more than I individual and in 157 cases tho same individual was
receiving both a survivor annuity and a death benefit annuity.
31 death benefit annuity at $16.30 payable to 4 beneficiaries was assigned to North Dakota although 1 of
the beneficiaries receiving $4.08 resided in Minnesota.
Source: Railroad Retirement Board, annual report. Figures are published currently in The Monthly
Review

388 SOCIAL SECURITY
N o . 4 2 2 .— R a il r o a d U n e m pl o y m e n t I n s u r a n c e — N u m b e r o f A p p l ic a t io n s
f o r C e r t if ic a t e s o f B e n e f it R ig h t s R e c e iv e d , C e r t if ic a t e s o f B e n e f it
R ig h t s I s s u e d , C la im s R e c e iv e d , C e r t if ic a t e s o f W a it in g - P e r io d
C r e d it I s s u e d , N u m b e r a nd A m o u n t o f B e n e f i t P a y m e n t s C e r t if ie d ,
A v e r a g e B e n e f i t P a y m e n t, a n d N u m b e r o f A c c o u n t s O p e n e d a n d
E x h a u s t e d : J u l y 1939 T h r o u g h M a y 1940
N o m —The Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act, as passed in 1938 and amended in 1939, established
a Federal unemployment insurance system for the same employees who aro covered by the Railroad
Retirement Act. (See headnote, table 418.) Under the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act contributions
first began to accrue and benefits first became payablo as of July 1, 1930. Contributions
amounting to 3 percont of pay rolls are collected from the employers. Ninety percent of the contributions
aroused to pay benefits and 10 percent to pay administrative expenses, Unemployed employees may
draw benefits if they have earned at least $150 of creditable earnings in the base year and have served a
wai ting period of 8 days of unemployment in a period of 15 consecutive days. After the waiting period
has been served, benefits are paid for each day of unemployment In excess of 7 in a period of 15 consecutive
days up to a maximum of 80 days of benefits in the period of I year. The daily benefit amount is related
to the amount ot base-year earnings
Applications
for
certificates
of
benefit
rights
received
i
Certificates
of
benefit
rights
issued *
Certificates
of
Claims waitingreceived
3 period
credit Number
issued 4
BENEFIT PAYMENTS
CERTIFIED 6
Amount
Average
per
certification
Number
of
accounts
opened®
Num ber
of
accounts
hausted7
Cumulative through
May 31,1940... 803,484 201,975 1,857,580 180,425 938,829 SIS, 953, 152 $14.86 156,089 25,243
1939
Period ended Aug.
4,1939................. .
Aug. 5—Sept. 1___
Sept. 2—Sept. 29...
Sept. 30—Oct, 27...
Oct. 28—-Deo, 1..
Deo. 2—r>ec. 29.
1940
83,160
IS, 444
9,828
8,892
21,205
21,130
Dec. 30—Fob.
1940................. .... 18,899
Peb. 3—Mar. l._ . . . 9,117
Mar. 2—Mar. 20. ... 6,410
Mar. 30—Apr. 20 ... 8,167
Apr. 27—May 31. __ 8,237
78,467
16,720
9,802
9, QG5
20,052
20,180
18,355
8,791
6,429
8,131
5,914
129,859
105, 502
111,843
84,892
102,059
113,780
181,785
137,954
140,320
125,366
124,214
51,887
21,537
14,038
8,243
13,795
19,857
22.580
9,660
8,519
6,612
8,797
26,173
63,690
86,940
62,630
70,875
75,130
134,015
111, 800
115,333
100,687
01,544
385, 712
953,890
1,260,397
033, 207
1,087, 320
1,137,973
2,016,070
1,690,429
1,714,152
1,471,226
1,293,767
14. 74
14.98
14.60
14.00
15.34 881,005 610
15,15 14,865 2,750
15.04
15.12
14.8G
14.61
14.13
24,054
12,492
9,069
5,808
7,806
4,253
3,074
3,641
5,053
5,856
i An application for a certificate of benefit rights is submitted the first time an unemployed worker applies
for unemployment insurance benefits, or the first time after the expirntion of a benefit year.
8 A certificate of benefit rights is issued to each employee who has filed an application for a certificate of
benefit rights and is eligible for unemployment-insurance benefits.
8 A claim is prepared for each period of 15 consecutivo days beginning with a day of unemployment.
Itcontains registrations for each day of unemployment in the 15-day period and is submitted at the end of
the period.
4 A certificate of waiting-period credit is issued to an unemployed worker who has filed his first claim for
a 15-day period with registrations for 8 or more days of unemployment.
8 A benefit payment is certified after the waiting period has been served for each period of 15 successive
days with 8 or more days of unemployment. The amount of the certification is the product of the dailybenefit
amount imd the number of days of unemployment in excess of 7 in the 15-day period.
• An account Is opened with the first benefit payment.
? An aocount is exhausted when an employee fins been certified for the maximum number of days of benefits
to which he is entitled in a benefit year.
8 Cumulative through Dec. 1.
Source: Railroad Retirement Board, annual report. Figures are published currently in The Monthly
Review,

16. POSTAL SERVICE
[Postal statistics, unless otherwise noted, include data for outlying Territories and possessions except
Philippine Islands and Canal Zone]
N o . + 2 3 ,— U n it e d S t a t e s P o st a l S e b v io e — Stjm m a b y: 1800 t o 1939
Y EA R
EN D ED
JU N E 30—
Number
of
post
offices
Mileage
of post
routes i
FINANCES
(THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
Gross
revenue
Gross
expenditure
Surplus
(+)
or deficit
(-)«
Revenue
per
capita,
dollars
MONEY ORDERS
ISSUED
(THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
Domestic
1
International
1
Number
of
ordinary
postage
stamps
Issued,
millions
Number
of
pieces
of mail
handled,
millions1
1800 . 003 214 +67
lain 9. an o 496 +66
1820 — 4, 600 1,161 -49
1830 8 ,4 6 0 if 933 —82
1840 __ 13 468 4 718 —175 0.27
1850 18,417 178, 679. 5,213 +287 .20 #2
1860 28)498 940 594 Rt 513 19,171 -10,653 .27 216
1865 20) 550 149, 340 14, 555 13)695 +017 .42 * 1,360 387
1870........ 28) 492 931 239 1R, Ran 23) 099 —5,098 .49 34,054 7 22 468
187R 35,547 977, 873 2ft) 791 83.611 -6.820 .01 77.431 1 ,9 6 5 682
1 880 _ 42,989 343,888 33,315 36,543 -3,222 .66 100,353 8,464 876
1885............. 51,252 365)251 42) 561 50,046 -7,481 .76 117,856 6,840 1,465
1850............. 62,401 427,090 60) 882 66,200 -5,401 .97 114,363 13,230 2,220 4,005
1806............. 70,064 456,026 76,983 87,180 -10,23 C 1.12 156,709 12,900 2,706 5,134
1000______ 70,688 500, 089 102,355 107,740 -5,410 1.34 238,021 16, 749 3, 090 7,130
1003............. 74,160 506,268 134, 224 138,784 -4 , 587 1.06 353, 628 35, 238 5,271 8,887
1904............. 71,131 496,818 143, 583 152,362 -8,813 1.74 378,778 42,560 5,331 9,502
1005______ 68,131 480,805 152,827 167,399 -14,594 1,81 300,003 47,516 5,751 10,188
1006______ 65, 600 478,711 167,933 178,450 -10,643 1.06 444,616 63,048 6,284 11381
1907............. 62,658 463,406 183,586 190,238 -6,692 2.11 479,650 84,081 7,061 12,256
1908............. 60,704 450,738 191,470 208,382 -16,910 2.16 408,700 88,972 7,651 13,304
1009............. 60,144 448,618 203,562 221.004 -1 7 ,48C 2.24 491,075 70, 765 8,732 14.005
1010______ 59,580 447,098 224,129 220,077 -5,881 2.43 547,994 99, 743 9,067 14,85 0
1911............. 69,237 435.488 237,880 237, 649 +219 2.63 578, 111 109, 005 10,046 16,901
1012............ 58,729 436,460 248, 744 248,525 -1,780 2.58 583,337 97, 660 9,929 17,589
1913........... 58.020 436,293 266, 620 262,068 +4,611 2.74 624,489 102,668 10,813 18,567
1034_____ . 56,810 435, 507 287,035 283,544 +4,376 2.91 607,231 101,003 11,112
1015 66,380 433)334 287) 248 298,546 -11,333 2.85 656,139 60,772 11,226
1010 55) 935 4251050 312,058 306,204 +5,829 3.05 719,365 46,357 11,672
1017 65) 414 454) 835 329) 726 319,839 +9,836 3.18 813,319 41,645 12,462
T 0 1 8 S ... 54,347 465, 371 388,076 324,834 +64,127 3.70 004,650 35,865 13,066
1010 *___ 53) 084 455)498 436,239 362,498 +73,736 4.11 1,109,613 39,766 15,020
1020 52) 641 435) 342 437) 150 454,323 -17,270 4.10 1,332)700 32,960 13,213
1021............. 52,168 434,349 463,401 620,094 -157,518 4.28 1,305,370 24,390 13,870
1022 . 51,050 454) 001 484,854 545,644 -60,815 4.41 1,205,327 20, Q51 14,262
1923 ___ . . . 51,613 460,171 532,828 550,851 -24,085 4.78 1,376,461 34,119 15,478 23.055
1024______ 51,266 467.896 572,949 587,377 -14, m 5.08 1,510,705 50,616 15.954 24.358
1025______ 50,957 464,269 699.591 639,282 -39,746 5.28 1.532,567 62,050 17,387 25,836
1020._____ 50,601 470,779 059,820 679,704 -19,072 5.63 1,590,480 03,172 16.333 25,484
1027............. 50,266 478,662 683,122 714,577 -31,506 5.76 1,647,580 68,062 16,000 26,687
1928______ 40,944 487,512 693,634 725,700 -32,121 5.78 1,630,157 71,620 16,676 26.837
1929______ 40,482 491,179 606,948 782.344 -85,48] 5.73 1,058,443 76,113 IB. 917 27,052
1930______ 40,063 503,918 705,484 803,667 -08,216 5.76 1,714,576 72,708 16,259 27,888
1931______ 48,733 528,570 656,463 802,485 -146,066 5.29 1,559,549 62,228 15,559 26,544
1932............ 48,159 537,644 588,172 793,684 —205,551 4.71 1,536,889 48,849 14,651 24,307
1033............ 47,641 536,079 687,631 699,887 -112,376 4.67 1,647,421 35,116 11,917 19,808
1934............. 46,506 536,751 580,733 630,733 -44,034 4.64 1,776,740 30,041 12,526 20,626
1035______ 45,686 514,128 630,795 696,503 -65,808 4.04 1,820,957 30,429 13,610 22)332
1933............ 45,230 517,864 665,343 753,610 -88,310 5.18 1,918,293 31,449 13.835 23,571
1937............ 44,877 519,328 726,201 772,743 -46,615 5.62 2.107,002 33,970 15.109 25,801
1938______ 44,007 510,490 728,634 772,308 -43,812 5.58 2,146,763 33,610 14,912 26,042
1939______ 44,400 553,681 745,985 784,550 -38,692 5.60 2,047,930 29,040 15,074 26,445
i Excluding rural free delivery routes, ocean mail routes, and air mail routes to foreign countries.
1 Audited postal surplus or dofleit which is greater or less than excess of receipts or expenditures by the
am ount of adjusted losses and contingencies.
* International includes foreign countries on domestic basis. For explanation, see headnoto, table 425.
* D ata are for continental United States and are estimates except in 1023 and beginning with 1026, when
figures are accurate calculations. No estimates made from 1014 to 1022, inclusive.
* Postage stamps first issued under act of Mar. 3, 1847, and placed on sale at New York July 1,1847. ,
* From Nov. 1,1864, when monoy-order system first went into operation, to Juno 30, 1865.
i From Sept, i, 1860, to June 30, 1870. International money orders first issued under convention of
Oct. 12,1867.
a Gross revenues of department for 1018 and 1910 include $44,500,000 and $71,202,000, respectively, war-tax
revenue accruing from incroosed postage.
Source; Post Office Department, Annual Report of the Postmaster General.
389

390 POSTAL SERVICE
N o . 4 2 4 .— P ostal Service Revenues, by Source: Y ears E nded June 30,
1910 to 1939
[All figures in thousands of dollarsj
ITEM 1010 m is 1920 1925 1930 1935 1938 1939
Total................................
Ordinary postal revenue..........
Stamps, postal cards, etc.*.
Second-class postage paid
in money (poundrates)*.
Other postage paid in
money under permit----
Box rents...........................
Miscellaneous.....................
Money-order revenues............
Revenue from postal savings,.
SSI, 129 287,218 487,160 566,591 706,484 630,796 728,084 745,066
219,339
202,065
8,174
4,418
4,139
542
4,790
i For volume of this item, see table 429.
279,460
266,037
10,468
7,527
4,981
448
7,175
612
424,406
379,687
25,100
12,960
6,145
614
10,314
2,430
685,333
607,572
20,619
30,301
7,817
1,024
12,000
1,340
686,426
574,851
28,584
73,545
8,539
907
17,496
1,562
598.358
473,407
18,431
96,206
6,596
3,718
20,424
12,013
694,193
515,118
22,437
146,075
7,459
3,105
23,308
11,133
709,461
514,869
21,831
161,955
7,686
3,121
23,460
13,034
N o . 4 2 5 .— P o st a l M o n e y -O r d e r B u s in e s s— S u m m a r y : Y e a r s E n d e d J u n e
30, 1910 t o 1939
Note.—F or revenues from money ordors, see table 424. For value of orders issued for other years, see
table 423, Money orders are exchanged on a domestic basis not only within this country, but with its
outlying possessions, Canada, Cuba, and numerous islands and minor countries neighboring the United
States. International-basis orders are exchanged between the United States and its outlying possessions,
on the one hand, and other than '*domestic basis”, foreign countries, on the other. In this tabic, however,
"International” includes money orders exchanged between the United States and "domestic
basis” foreign countries, and these are not included in “ Domestic”
ITEM 1010 1915 1920 1025 1930 1935 1938 1039
Number of money-order
offices.................... ...... 51,791 55,070 54,395 54,269 54, m 53,106 51,119 50,960
DOMESTIC1
Orders issued:
Number (1,000)___... 76,918 105,073 148,491 197,054 202,273 212,737 247,709 250.082
Amount (1,000 dollars). 547,994 650,139 1,332,700 1,582,567 1,714,576 1,820,957 2,146,753 2,047,930
Orders paid:
Number (1,000)........... 70,490 103,884 147,520 190,038 201,453 212,651 248,383 240,301
Amount (1,000 dollars). 545,632 052,780 1,333,046 1,581,597 1,713,681 1,821,152 2,150,728 2,047,108
Excess of Issues: *
Number (1,000)........... 422 1,100 971 1,015 820 85 -634 781
Amount (1,000 dollars). 2,862 3,353 -346 970 895 -194 -3,975 762
INTERNATIONAU »
Orders iBsued:
Number (1,000)........... 4,500 3,055 1,852 2,966 3,078 2,450 2,656 2,516
Amount (1,000 dollars). 09,743 00,772 32,960 52,660 72,708 30,429 83,616 20,049
Orders paid:
Number (1,000)........... 1,966 2,217 . 1,508 1,765 2,161 1,288 1,719 1,710
Amount (1,000 dollara). 27,244 24,743 25,362 19,765 25,825 18, 641 16,215 16,994
Excess of Issues:
Number (1,000)........... 2,644 837 343 1,201 1,817 1,167 937 807
Amount (1,000 dollars). 72,499 36,029 7,598 32,886 46,883 10,788 17,301 13,955
FOREIGN “ DOMESTIC
BASIS” *
Paid in foreign countries:
Number (1,000)........... 667 665 601 938 1,034 614 731 712
Amount (1,000 dollars). 10,184 9,110 9,568 16,920 20,021 8,180 11,047 10,235
P a id in the U nited
States:
Number (1,000)........... 1,566 1,936 1,246 1,498 1,751 939 1,357 1,303
Amount (1,000 dollars). 17,760 18,386 17,016 15,118 17,935 8,342 12,627 12,372
*Domestic money orders first issued Nov. 1,1864, under act of Congress approved May 17,1864.
’‘Minus sign indicates excess of payments.
’ Includes foreign countries on '"domestic basis,”

POSTAL SERVICE 391
No. 426.—P o s ta l S e r v ic e E xp en d itu res, by O bject: Y eabs Enpbd June
30, 1910 t o 1939
N ote.—All figures in thousands of dollars. For total expenditures, see table 423. Data cover expenditures
during the specified fiscal year, whether on account of that year or of previous years
ITEM 1910 1915 1020 1926 1930 1935 1938 1939
Service In post offices (total) _ 107,771 139,937 234,102 338,046 429,571 378,407 456,663 470,948
Salaries of postmasters--— 27,514 30,400 40,108 47,562 52,850 44,588 48.722 49,403
Salaries of clerks, etc_____ 38,045 53,317 102.319 163,330 201,972 173,510 211,518 216,442
C ity delivery service____ 31,805 42,668 63,620 96,161 127,890 113,163 138,101 141,089
All other expenditures___ 10,405 13,552 28,049 41,987 40,800 47,156 58,222 64,014
Hallway Mail Service_______ 19,380 28.408 38,711 62,900 01,888 52.251 59.082 59,132
Rural Delivery Service______ 37,074 49,806 76,794 93,163 106,347 00,619 91,187 91,181
Transportation of domestic
m a il._____ ________ _____ ■61,940 76,014 99.520 142,141 170,984 134,076 148.531 150,340
B y railroads......................- 49,405 69,670 70,714 99,720 117,266 93.328 90,043 9S, 604
B y other means............... 12,636 17,338 28,806 42,421 69,720 41,348 48,888 61,736
Transportation foreign m ail... 3,204 8,273 6,912 0,175 24,449 30,800 12,750 12,787
Paym ent account of invalid
money orders...................... 600 208 284 138 131 232 193 102
Post Office Department *......... 3,712 4,298 3,612 4,000 3,891
3 Paid out of the General Treasury prior to 1923.
N o . 4 2 7 .— T r a n s p o r t a t io n o p D o m e s t ic M a il s , b y C la ss o p Se r v ic e : 1915
t o 1939
N ote.—Amounts, except as indicated, in thousands of dollars. Since Nov. 1, 1016, all service on steam
railroads is authorized and paid for under the space basis system; formerly, payments wore based on
a system of quadrennial weighings. Railway mail Space units of service vary in size and character and
m ay consist of a car, a section of a oar, or a dosed pouoh carried on a car. Somo cars are railway post
offices, others are for storage only, about20 olassesof units being distinguished. The“ equated unit"
represents a calculation of the equivalent of all the different units in terms of a 60-foot car. Annual
rate of expenditure (regular authorizations) represents estimated cost for transporting normal mail trafflo
over regular routes only, based on oontraets outstanding at the end of each fisoal year. “ Annual cost”
includes emergenoy and side and transfer service. Average rates are based on “ regular authorizations”
CLASS o r SERVICE AND ITEM
YEAR e n d e d JUNE 30, OB AS 0 1 JUNE 30 O r YEAR SPECITIED
1915 1920 1925 1930 1935 1938 1939
Steam railway service:
Length of routes (miles)-__________ 233,676 232,368 230,470 220,410 190,016 187,866 183,478
A nnual travel (thousand miles)—
Regular space units__-__________ ■499,011 561,827 579,25G 564,801 455,214 451,576 455.955
218,349 226,395 228,478 192,130 198,206 203,834
A nnual expenditure3—
Regular authorizations__________ 68,140 83,731 88,991 103,970 86,806 88,762 90,796
89,661 107,491 125,243 99,676 105,065 106,276
Average rate of cost—
P er mile of length (dollars)______ 248.84 360.35 386.12 471.70 436.17 472.48 494.86
P er unit mile traveled (cents)........ 111.66 14.90 15.36 18.41 19.06 19.66 19.91
38.34 39.31 46.70 45.40 44.78 44.54
Electric railway service:
N um ber of routes_____ -__________ 569 543 288 224 135 103 95
Length of routes (miles)___________ 8,183 8,043 8,042 7,012 4,469 3,660 2,967
Annual travel of space units (thousand
miles)____________________ 113,948 ■11,762 10,487 9,829 6,047 4,722 4,112
Annual rate of expenditure________ 810 471 660 671 349 298
Average cost per unit mile traveled
(cents).............................................. *6.87 1 4.01 6.39 6.81 5.77 6.30 6.01
Power boat service:
N um ber of routes................................. 260 266 284 265 106 183 173
Length of routes (miles)___________ 32,402 31,642 49,791 40,130 21,043 20,600 19,440
Annual travel (thousand miles)____ 5,685 3,902 5,298 4,800 2,860 2.464 2.436
Annual rate of expenditure________ 900 '7 7 3 1,402 1,401 1,086 890 917
Average cost per mile traveled (cents) 17.42 19.36 28.16 29.15 37.95 36.38 87.65
Air m ail service:
Length of routes (miles)__________
Mileage scheduled (thousands)..........
*218 3,094 2.655 14, 907 2 8 ,884 33,655 37.080

392 POSTAL SERVICE
N o. 4 2 8 .— D elivery Service— City and Rural Free D elivery and Star-
R oute Service: 1870 to 1939
N ote.—Free oity delivery was inaugurated in 1883; rural free delivery in 1897. Star routes are mail routes
between towns which are let on a contraot basis. Star route service in Alaska is not included in the
accompanying table, data for 1939 being as follows: Number of routes, 08; length, 11,134 miles; annual
travel, 300,103 miles; annual rate of expenditure, $126,007
____________________________
CITY FREE DELIVERY RURAL FREE DELIVERY STAR ROUTES
AS OP JUtf® 30—
N u m b e r
ofofflces
N u m b e r
o f c a r­
rie rs
A n n u a l
c o st 1

'POSTAL SERVICE 393
No. 430.— P o s t a l S e r v i c e O p e r a t i o n — N u m b e r o f O f f i c e s , M i l e a g e o f
R u r a l R o u t e s , a n d G r o s s R e c e i p t s , b y S t a t e s a n d O u t l y i n g A r e a s
DIVISION AND STATE
Mileage
N um ber of rural
of post freeoffices,
delivery
June 30, routes,
1939 Juno 30,
1939
GROSS POSTAL RECEIPTS 1
1920 1925 1930 1935 1938 1939
In thousands of dollars for years ended June 30
Grand total................. 44,400 1,392,657 424,625 584,765 686,351 595,661 691,682 706,846
United States proper______ 43,984 1,392, 601 423,463 583,427 684,610 591,800 687,797 703,301
New England......................— 2,432 43, 664 32,276 43,498 51,376 46, 111 51,074 62,683'
M aine............................... 741 12,301 2,866 3,940 3,912 3,588 3,871 3,860
N ew H ampshire.......... - 354 6,319 1,604 2,035 2,286 2,210 2,536 2,608
Vermont........................ 3G0 8,090 1,220 1,640 1,703 1,059 1,788 1,808
M assachusetts................ 586 8,264 18,913 25,064 29.627 25,890 28,269 20,266
Rhode Island_________ 83 1,290 2,029 2J02 3,297 3,018 3,308 3,471
Connecticut.................— 308 7,300 6,744 8,211 10,550 9,740 11,302 11,601
M iddle Atlantic_________»_ 6,190 116,600 117,897 161,632 194,927 164,619 187,610 190,061
Now Y ork....................... 2,015 49,570 74,772 102,514 125,072 102,748 116,613 118,011
Now Jersey..................... 637 8,822 9,512 14,055 19,708 18,653 21,570 22,247
Pennsylvania.................. 2,538 57,102 33,613 44,303 50,087 43,312 49,528 49,833
East North Central............. — 5,826 306,994 107,343 151,924 175,748 143,663 169,772 173,004
Ohio.................................. 1,379 99,801 24,800 35,417 42,088 34,046 39,595 40,157
In d ian a............................ 931 59,101 9,226 13,774 15,613 13,388 15,712 16,091
Illinois............................ 1,489 72, fill 51,357 70,753 78,767 62,916 74,671 76,323
M ichigan........__............. 1,092 53,635 13,199 18,978 24,133 20,048 24,010 25,037
Wisconsin....................... 964 50,856 8,761 13,002 16,157 13,265 15,275 15,396
West North Central........... 6, 888 381,678 53,971 73,365 80,641 66,926 74,217 75,061
M innesota....................... 1,093 64,446 10,847 16,830 17,614 16,089 17,104 17,380
Iow a.................................. 1,137 64,120 9,392 11,720 13.504 10,932 12,474 12,650
M issouri........................ 1, 577 61,124 18,624 27,230 28,988 22,748 26,072 26,397
N orth D akota................ 640 29,144 2,062 2,360 2,721 2,562 2,715 2,722
South D akota................. 589 26,224 2,066 2,539 2,750 2,433' 2,647 2,592
N ebraska........................ 717 37,537 5,504 6,663 7,279 6,217 6.705 6,775
K ansas............................. 9Q5 60,083 5,476 7,017 7,785 6,945 7,601 7,545
South Atlantio........................ 7, 622 190,136 34,415 46,072 62.293 61,213 60,635 63,180
Delaware......................... 74 3,050 811 999 1,233 1,251 1,607 1,631
M aryland........................ 613 11, 647 6,292 7,101 8,519 7,706 8,846 9,232
D istrict of Columbia__ 1 203 3,536 4,771 0,047 0,307 7,395 8,111
Virginia.................... ....... 1,900 30,500 5,621 7,236 7,985 7,688 8,881 9,260
W est Virginia________ 1,624 12,009 3,164 4,396 4,611 4,274 4,952 4,921
N orth Oarolina_______ 1,212 42,372 4,138 5,814 0,830 7,475 8,775 9,011
South Oarolina_______ 627 26,180 2,289 2,530 2,174 2,037 2,490 2,687
Georgia______________ 957 55,510 6,395 7,734 9,220 8,452 9,895 10,213
Florida_____ _________ 714 14,764 3,179 5,492 6,674 0,023 7,795 8,124
East South Oentral_______ 4,987 148,278 16,546 20,676 23,736 21,330 25,413 25,978
K entucky____________ 2,384 27,135 4,392 0,283 6,827 6,161 7,023 7.073
Tennessee____________ 881 45,634 5,289 7,107 8.540 7,676 9,295 0,563
Alabam a____ ________ 960 39,601 3,418 4,385 5,108 4,624 5.496 5,656
M ississippi____ ______ 772 36,008 2,447 2,801 3,266 2,969 3,508 3,684
West South Central________ 4,90S 165,673 24,678 80.646 37,240 33,206 40,708 41,662
A rkansas____________ 1,146 26,734 2,928 3,585 3,828 3,206 3.900 4,056
Louisiana____________ 705 16,347 4,015 6,055 6,480 5,017 6,187 6.436
Oklahoma___________ 916 44,113 4,730 5; 889 7,272 6,217 7,404 7,380
T ex as..______________ 2,106 78,379 13,005 16,117 20,654 18,707 23,217 23,790
M ountain................ ................ 3,326 36,891 12,178 15,004 17,276 15,914 18,809 19,263
M ontana......................... 640 6,798 2,016 2,180 2,446 2,422 2,649 2,723
Id a h o ..______________ 446 6,976 1,397 1,324 1.513 1,488 1,783 1,854
W yoming____________ 330 1.236 712 053 903 992 1,130 1,176
Colorado........................ . 644 14,889 4,398 5,878 0,810 5,929 6,932 7,054
N ew Mexico_________ 518 3,082 679 900 1,089 1,162 1,484 1,543
Arizona______________ 285 1,733 943 1,137 1,532 1,456 1,870 1,909
U tah.................................. 314 2,010 1,647 2,179 2,347 1,928 2,344 2,358
N e v a d a ..___________ . 148 168 386 453 537 537 608 645
Pacific _____ _____________ 2,952 48,988 26.168 40,r 1® 51,378 48,823 59,559 62,381
W ashington_____ _ 763 16,042 5,036 7,494 8,710 8,026 9,420 9,655
Oregon_____ _________ 088 10,752 3,324 4,809 6,430 5,004 6,162 6,514
California____________ 1,601 22,194 16,198 28,609 37,223 36,793 43,978 46,213
Outlying offices...____ . . . . . 416 66 1 1,062 1,328 1,740 3,860 3,885 3,645
216 82 71 104 98 151 100
1 1 2 3 3 12 11
H aw aii............................. 94 56 362 611 774 834 1,261 1,264
90 406 522 527 56S 741 770
Samoa (T utuila)______ 2 2 2 (*) (3) 0
5 17 11 15 17

17. COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
General Note.—This section covers public telephone systems and land (wire) commercial telegraph systems
operated in continental United States and commercial cable and radiotelegraph systems operated by
companies incorporated in United States
N o . 4 8 1 . — ’T e l e p h o n e S y s t e m s -— E q u i p m e n t , T r a f f i c , E m p l o y e e s , S a l a r ie s
a n d W a g e s , R e v e n u e , a n d I n v e s t m e n t : 1912 t o 1037
AIL SYSTEMS
[All money figures in thousands of dollars]
191% 1917 1922 1927 1932 1937
N um ber of systems and fines------------------ 32,233 53,234 67,253 60,148 1 65,378 •50,600
Milos of wire (thousands)___ ____ ________ 20;248 28,827 37,280 63,836 87,878 • 90,831
N um ber of central offices_______________ 5 11,515 » 21,175 »19,260 20,227 19,228 18,067
N um ber of telephones (th o u san d s)____ 8,730 11,717 14,347 18,523 17,424 319,453
N um ber of calls originating w ith systems
reporting (millions)...................................... M 21,840 24,648 31,614 30,048 33,618
N um ber of employees....................................... « 202,029 312i 015 376,272 334,086 333,102
Salaries and w ages............................ ............ m 175.670 352,926 486,597 458,117 516,010
Operating revenues1......................... ............... « 382,830 665,508 1,023,674 1,001,530 1.180,028
Investm ent In plant and equipm ent............ 0) 1,492,329 % 205,183 3, 548,875 4,791,003 3 5,001,803
SYSTEMS REPORTING ANNUAL INCOME OS'
$5,000 OH MORE, 1012 AND 1917, AND
THOSE REPORTING $10,000 OR MORE,
1022-37
N um ber of systems and lines_____ _______ 1,916 2,200 1,323 1,368 918 846
Miles of w ile, total (thousands)__________ 19,019 27,296 35,503 62,277 86,484 • 80,671
Underground............................................... 9,105 14,849 21.440 39,893 55,230 (')
Overhead__________________________ 9,851 12,449 14,063 22,384 31,248 (')
N um ber of central offices............................... 11,515 12,294 10,666 11,486 12,724 12,530
N um ber of telephones (thousands)............... 7,327 9,054 12,295 10,713 16,284 18,291
N um ber of calls originating with systems
reporting, total (millions)______________ 13,736 19,809 21,901 29,186 29,100 32,032
Local exchange_____________________ 13,395 19,366 21,236 28,100 (’) 31,062
Long distance or toll________ ________ 341 443 660 1,087 n 980
N um ber of employees________________ .. 183.361 244,490 200,333 356,739 320,763 310,950
Salaries and wages______________ _______ 06,041 169,655 341,538 475,840 451,478 610,096
Operating revenues *__________ _________ 244,476 363,832 037,409 990,912 1,046,392 1,167,442
Investm ent in plant and e q u ip m e n t........... 1,081,433 1,435,912 2,129,774 3, 4 7 5 ,2 0 2 4,734,706 4,941,280
BELL SYSTEM (INCLUDED ABOVE)
M iles of wire (thousands)________________ 15,133 23,134 30,614 56,819 SO, 686 81,578
N um ber of telephones (thousands)_______ 5,087 7,327 9,515 13,726 13,798 16,332
N um ber of originating calls (millions)_____ 9,133 14,508 16,567 23,693 25,061 27,667
SYSTEMS REPORTING ANNUAL INCOME OF
LESS THAN $6,000, 1012 AND 1917, AND
LESS THAN $10,000, 1022-37
30,317 51,034 55,930 58,780 43,010 349,714
1,229 1,529 1,703 1,569 1,193 3 1,26(
1,403 1,763 2i052 1,810 1,140 3 1,162
N um ber of originating calls (millions)_____ c) 2,037 2i 746 2,418 948 G8C
t Includes 10,560 connecting lines for which separate reports were not secured; data for such lines, however,
were included in reports of operating companies supplying switchboard service.
1 Includes data for connecting lines having fewer th a n 5 telephones per line, as follows: 11,759 lines; 29,000
telephones; and estimated figures for other item s as follows: 44,000 miles of single wire; and $1,600,000 investm
ent in equipment.
3 N ot reported for systems and lines having less than $5,000 annual income in 1912. For 1917 and 1922,
figures represent num ber of system s and lines reporting central offices; actual num ber of central offices was
probably slightly larger.
* N ot reported except for system s and lines w ith income of $5,000 or more.

TELEPHONE SYSTEMS 395
No. 4 3 2 .— T e l e p h o n e S y s t e m s — W i r e M i l e a g e , N u m b e r o f T e l e p h o n e s
a n d C a l l s , A l l S y s t e m s a n d L i n e s , b y S t a t e s : 1932 a n d 1937
DIVISION AND STATE
MILES Off WIRE
NUMBER OF TELEPHONES
TELEPHONES
PEE 1,000
POPULATION 1
NUMBER OF
ORIGINATING
CALLS
( m il l io n s)
1032 1037 1927 1932 1037 1032 1937 1932 1987
United States..- 87, 077,580 3 90,787,172 18, 522, 787 17,424,408 * 19,424,200 138 169 30,048 33,818
New England............. 7,082, 588 7,777,970 1,548,931 1,513,939 1,608,031 183 187 2,458 2, 576
M aine...................... 617,144 513,660 131,307 124,372 128,288 155 160 205 202
New H am pshire... 288,090 293,852 83,060 79,508 83,601 170 164 127 121
Vermont.................. 149,120 150,203 CO, 793 58,133 67,307 161 160 86 85
M assachusetts........ 4,099, 247 4,102,775 807, 888 832,740 871,31E 193 197 1,368 1,407
Rhode Island.......... 605, aoa 008, m 114,944 110,071 117,23C 15S 172 17C 180
Connecticut............ 2,032,775 2,030,900 290,873 308,517 348,157 188 200 490 681
Middle Atlantic.......... 27,399,026 27,714,601 4,588,211 4,613,733 4,874, 183 172 177 6,906 7,273
Now York............... 15,385,557 15,365,900 2,595,537 2,628,537 2 ,7 1 2 ,32C 204 209 4, 00c 4,227
Now Jersey............. 4,382,769 4,654,521 599,336 642,83C 098,782 154 161 838 938
Pennsylvania......... 7,630,699 7,794, 111 1,393,338 1,342,366 1,463,072 138 144 2,007 2,108
East North C entral... 21,574,870 21,660,970 4,689,751 4,034,981 4,608,168 166 178 6,594 7,248
O hio........................ 5,545,857 5, 088; 43D 1,122,036 D78,394 1,146,985 144 17C 1,712 1,987
Indiana.................... 2,223,608 2,286,510 552,249 444,996 604,50S 136 145 803 803
Illinois...................... 7,590,337 7,485,744 1,085,690 1,507,222 1,608,777 192 212 2,20(1 2,388
M ichigan................. 4,263,778 4 , 24G, 080 711,315 621,958 759,60C 124 157 682 1,190
W isconsin............... 1,941,790 1,943,591 518,401 482,361 528,238 102 181 741 784
West Worth Central__ 7,641,854 7,794,619 2,694,081 2,280,985 2,372,736 169 172 3,969 4,106
M innesota............... 1,610,192 1,680,935 487,011 443,682 400,771 171 182 846 800
Iow a......................... 1,310,798 1,313,255 505,533 484,879 614,4GC 196 202 775 793
M issouri.................. 2,620,741 2,683,609 057,940 592,153 616,177 162 154 1,157 1,207
N orth D akota........ 161,225 175,277 80,198 09,241 72,007 101 102 143 111
South D akota......... 177,521 188,286 107,641 88,798 8 6 ,90C 127 124 119 119
N ebraska................. 736,632 727,487 295,274 247,661 242,143 178 178 367 418
K ansas..................... 1,024,246 1,025,680 393,878 334,681 342,277 176 184 650 669
South Atlantic _____ 5,760,130 6,674,717 1,262,222 1,260, 882 1, 654,122 78 90 2,439, 9,191
Delaware................. 210, 300 245,518 28,901 32,537 41,225 136 158 58 71
M aryland................ 1,070, 400 1, 107,700 107,135 212,014 260, 610 128 149 317 368
D ist. of Columbia. 675,044 840,674 144,985 180,785 226,957 300 362 235 305
Virginia................... 870, 681 1,028,179 183, 608 196,956 237,941 81 88 429 510
W est Virginia......... 446, 781 462,640 140, 077 134,150 155,873 76 84 243 261
N orth Carolina___ 706, 820 772,503 160,607 143,710 170,161 44 51 321 492
South Carolina....... 290, 699 335,114 64,610 57, 215 7 1 ,45£ 33 32 148 187
Georgia.................... 772,176 888,121 178,410 151,264 194,201 62 63 415 555
Florida..................... 706, 380 904,193 162,203 142,251 196,596 92 118 273 382
East South Central__ 2, 587,078 2,778,624 044,270 647,440 633, 969 55 59 1,401 1.830
K entucky................ 803, 203 951,738 222,735 191,23C 208, 19£ 72 71 407 430
Tennessee................ 850,951 922,765 220, 650 192,983 227,25c 78 7£ 632 652
Alabam a.................. 580,087 590,061 121,115 100,812 125,292 37 48 282 357
M ississippi.............. 293, 647 313,970 79, 803 62, 408 73,226 81 30 173 191
West South Central... 6,028,077 5,397,748 1, 149,357 1,002,389 1,194,910 81 93 2,591 3,091
A rk a n sa s_______ 360,944 360,180 118,178 86,078 93,421 40 40 193 210
Louisiana............... 694,367 780,503 137,010 132,735 166,130 62 78 392 495
Oklahoma............... 1,173,051 1,249,638 278,912 241,453 280,937 99 n o 571 656
Texas........................ 2,793,715 3,027,418 614,657 541,525 654,422 90 100 1,435 1,730
M ountain__________ 1,640,865 1,796,089 466, 198 446,492 629,207 116 140 802 988
M ontana................. 181,485 190,152 59,238 56,361 65,817 103 122 96 114
Idaho........................ 184,096 140,380 64,822 49,201 61,927 n o 126 93 116
W yom ing................ 85,233 89,402 28,040 28,346 32; 320 123 138 49 69
C o lo rad o........ ....... 717,589 773,792 183,250 179,063 201,384 171 188 300 344
New Mexico........... 84,722 109,863 21,580 23,100 31,071 53 74 43 60
Arizona.................... 158,261 180,443 33,194 36,004 47,405 80 115 68 93
U ta h .................... 231,113 254,367 63,100 60,082 71,589 116 138 130 i6s
N evada.................... 48, 356 51,690 12, 959 15,276 17,694 164 175 23 28
Paoifio_____________ 8, 363, 209 9,201,928 1,889, 746 1,768,615 2,060,875 205 232 2,997 3,565
W ash in g to n ..,___ 1,029,949 1,000,423 299,109 276,530 314,953 174 190 560 603
Oregon..................... 599. 201 038,654 185,171 160,639 180,591 170 176 307 330
California........... - 6,734, 059 7,502,851 1, 205,406 1,310,446 1,555,421 219 253 2,130 2, 632
* Based on population estim ates as of Jan. 1, 1033, and July 1,1937.
a Does not include 44,000 miles of single wire and 29,000 telephones on 11,759 connecting lines having
fewer than 5 telephones per line.
Source: D epartm ent of Commerco, Bureau of the Census; Census of Electrical Industries, report on
Telephones and Telegraphs.

3 9 6 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
N o . 4=33.•— T e l e p h o n e s — N u m b e r a n d W i s e M i l e a g e i n A l l S y s t e m s , a n d
N u m b e r o p T e l e p h o n e s i n t h e B e l l S y s t e m : 1895 t o 1939
DEC. 31—
Total telephones
1
Total miles
of w ire1
Telephones
in Bell
System «
pe c. ai—
Total telephones
1
Total miles
of wire i
Telephones
in Bell
System >
ISO* 330,500 722,000 309,502
ionn 1.355.900 2.807.000 866,911
1W1R : 4.126.900 8.470.000 2,630,924
10m 7,635,400 16,937,000 5.882,719
101* 10,523,500 24,792,000 9,172,406
iflan 13,320,400 32.000. 000 12,601,035
1021 13,875,200 34.0 0 0 . 000 13,880,219
1 9 2 2 *14,347,306 337,265,958 14,060,606
1 9 2 2
15,369,500 41,400,000 16,000,101
1 9 2 4 16,072,800 46.500.000 15,822,934
1 9 2 *
16,935,900 52.200.000 16,720,224
192ft 17,746,000 57,960,000 17,674,262
1 9 2 7 • 318,522,767 363,836,182 18,386,000
1928............... 19,341,000 69,130,000 19,107,000
1929............... 20,008,000 76,460,000 19,008, 000
1Q3Q............... 20,201,000 83,110,000 20,008,000
1931............... 19,690,000 80,100,000 19, 596, 000
1932............... 317,424,406 387,677, 586 17,341, 000
1933............... 16,711,000 87,000,000 10, 635, 000
1934...............

TELEPHONE SYSTEMS 3 9 7
N o . T 3 6 .— T e l e p h o n e S y s te m s — S u m m a ry , C l a s s A C a r r i e r s : 1926 t o 1939
N o te .—Figures cover Class A telephone carriers which reported for 1039. Class A carriers are those carriers
whose average annual operating revenues exceeded $100,000. The gross operating revenues of Class
A carriers reporting in 1937 represented approximately 90 percent of the revenues of all telephone carriers
as reported for the Census of Electrical Industries for th a t year. (See table 431.) The figures include
d a ta for carriers consolidated and merged prior to 1930, so far as annual data are available. Intercorporate
d u p l i c a t i o n s h a v e n ot been excluded
Miles o f
wire
(thousands)1
EMPLOYEES
N um ­
ber on
Deo. 31
N um ­
ber of
telephones
(thousands)
Operating
revenues
Operating
expenses
Total
compensation
Operating
taxes
Net
operating
income
INVESTMENT IN
TELEPHONE PLANT
P lan t
and
equipment,
total
Invostmcntless
depreciation
Thousands of dollars
1926- .
1927-
1928-
1929-
1930..
1 931-
1032..
1933 ».
1934-
1935-
1930-
1937 3.
1938-
1939-
64.462
60,440
66,862
73,680
80,667
84,323
86,902
82,237
82,112
82.462
83,224
86,484
87,434
80,695
14,382
15, 201
16,046
16,989
17,101
16,803
14,088
14,301
14,020
15,121
16,048
16,993
17,443
18,269
322, 617
327,937
3BQ,102
387,116
346,441
314,839
284,550
207,228
207,782
264,986
281,125
294,955
285,693
286,051
879,838
048,560
1,032,480
1,133,118
1,166,912
1,136,900
1,010,872
309,267 933,082
385,888 944,489
401,987 996,967
433,220 1,076,290
488,014 1,137,717
601,666 1,140,192
510,306 1,197,788
589,447
637,384
691,220
760,270
804,116
768,354
689,070
666,575
865,370
702,208
721,769
774,247
784,261
801,673
73,329
70,530
84,885
87,166
89,810
93,993
89,635
87,868
92,558
08,948
121,300
142,113
161,741
163,637
211,086 2,976,421 2,373,806
225,722 3,210,846 2,592,057
240,021 3,482,862 2,808,107
272,305 1,864,060 3,139,566
263,735 ,210,827 3,457,290
265,427 4,387,09613,672,614
218,031 4,425,966 3,579,575
178,538 4,435,310 3,505,580
186,405 4,444,553 3,436,589
196,679 4,462,305 3,359,862
233,204 4,538,894 3,351,165
221,395 4,677,140 3,416,842
204,201 4,785,660 3,469,026
232,578 4,892,994 3,622,280
1 Tbo decrease reflected in data shown for the year 1933 is duo m ainly to the fact th at prior to th at year
th e total of wire jointly owned w ith other companies was included, whereas from 1933 on, only t h e responde
n ts ' portion of Jointly owned wire was included.
* D ata not reported.
* I n comparing figures in this table, consideration should be given to tho effect of the revision of the
Uniform System of Accounts, F irst Revised Issue, and tbo issue of June 19,1935, as amended, resulting in
certain changes and rearrangements of both the balance shoet and tho income Statement-
Source: Federal Communications Commission, Annual Report.
No. A 37.— R a d i o t e l e g r a p h C a r r i e r s - — S u m m a r y : 1933 t o 1939
N o t e .— All m o n e y fig u re s in th o u s a n d s of d o lla rs. Figures show d e v e lo p m e n t from 1933 to 1939 of carriers
which reported for 1939
1933 1034 1935 1936 1937 19381 19391
Operating revenuess.................. 0,660 7,874 8,404 9,340 10,083 10,342 12,106
Operating expenses................... 6,489 7,289 8,014 8,361 8,833 8,811 9,349
Operating taxes............................ 246 274 211 380 640 646 775
Operating income........................ *f«0 271 80 543 1,101 883 1,958
N e t income.............: ................... i SS6 a 55 31 ,0 0 9 227 1,302 270 1,377
Bovanuo messages transm itted
(thousands).............................. 4,985 6,067 6,704 7,951 9,537 8,826 9,686
N um ber of employees on Juno
39................................................. 1,809 2,359 2,801 2,981 3,112 3,161 3,274
T otal compensation for y e a r...
3,705 4,159 4,492 6,126 5,375 6,811
Investm ent in plant and equipm
ent........................................... 28,311 30,549 31,021 30,844 32,093 32,456 32,282
Capital stock................................ 6,756 7,463 7,604 7.693 7,783 7,808 7,809
TJnmatured fundod debt........... 204 3,664 3,649 898 3,520 1,808 708
* In comparing data for 1938 and 1039 w ith prior years, consideration should bo given to the effect of
certain changes in reporting requirements.
3 One of th e larger radiotelegraph carriers included substantial amounts reported os nontransmission
revenues covering miscellaneous sales, rentals, service foes, etc.
* Deficit or other reverse Hein.
4 D ata not available.
Source: Federal Communications Commission, Annual Report.

398 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
No. 438.— W i r e - T e l e g r a p h C a r r ie r s (L and L i n d a n d O c e a n C a b l e ) —
Sum m ary: 1926 to 1939
N o te —Figures show development from 1026 to 1930 of carriers which reported for 1939 and include, for the
entire period, carriors consolidated and merged in prior years for which annual report data aro available.
Intercorporate duplications h ave n ot been excluded
YEAR
M iles
of
wire
(thousands)
N um ­
ber of
revenue
messages
transm
itted
(thousands)1
INVEST*
HENT
IN
PLANT
AND
EQUIP­
MENT
OPER-
ATING
REVE­
NUES
Thousands of
dollars
Operating
ratio
(percent)2
OPER-
ATING
IN­
COME
NET
IN­
COME
Thousands of dollars
E M P L O Y E E S
DIVI­
DENDS
N u m ­
ber
on
Ju n o
30
Total
com-
pensa-
tion
1926..................................... 2,126 231,722 392,979 180.225 80.79 27,056 22,964 14, 830 87,105 m
1027..................................... 2,249 230,592 412,001 177,640 80.12 27,672 23,184 14,344 83, 017 m
1028...................................... 2,357 240,391 428,500 185,112 80.57 28,609 24,028 15,010 86,340 m
1 9 2 9 ................................ 2,406 251,457 441,080 196.388 81.62 29,510 25,395 22,312 95.014 i1)
1930........ ............................. 2,426 227,104 4S5,659 176,627 85.59 19,733 13,250 23,064 92,048 m
1 9 3 1 .................................. 2.394 196,047 497,383 148,491 87.37 13,829 5,518 11,652 79,509 (»)
1932...................................... 2,389 154,049 499,669 114,982 89.74 6,653 48, 4 3 7 4,445 07,079 m
1933...................................... 2,388 154,207 600,610 114,290 84.61 12,248 4,033 2,800 04,153 00
193d........ ............................. 2 ,39G 108,492 501,313 118,994 8G.36 11,012 1,043 1,781 08,560 73,000
1935..................................... 2,398 174,527 500,690 122,152 83.94 14,417 4,240 4,800 00,122 72,138
1930...................................... 2,423 191,910 501,501 132,637 82.89 16,805 6,914 1,837 09,951 78,450
1937...................................... 2,426 200,611 503,807 135,503 80.62 10,718 1,203 3,082 73,360 85,191
1938.......................... ........... 2,428 185,828 505,146 123,288 90.21 4,248 4 o , 4 8 3 248 03,411 77,417
1039.................................... 2,434 188,670 502,193 128,2G1 87.02 7,781 4 8 , SO S 323 01.689 78,434
W ostemUnion C o,: 1939. 1,913 147,272 334,000 95,660 86.07 6,991 1,380 43,490 60,084
Postal Tclegraph-CaMo
Co. (land-lino systom):
1930.................................. 408 36,774 S3,522 21,115 100.50 * 4 ,1 0 0 14,560 13,804
i In order to avoid duplication, stock and commercial news traffic, telephone toll messages, a n d mobile
a n d foreign m a s s a g e s , domestic haul, are excluded.
1 Ratio of operating expenses to operating revenues. 3 No data. 4 Deficit o r other reverse item.
Source: Fodoral Communications Commission, Annual Report.
No. 439.— W e s t e r n U n i o n T e l e g r a p h Co.— L i n e a n d W i r e M i l e a g e ,
O f f i c e s , a n d F i n a n c e s : 1867 t o 1939
YEAR ENDED—
Milos Of
polo lino
andcablo
Miles of
wire
N um ber
of offices
Receipts Expenses N ctinoom oi
June 30—
1807___
1870___
1876___
1880___
1886___
1890.
1896.
1000.
1005.
1010..
Dec. 31—
1916.
1920.
1923.
1924.
1925.
1926.
1927.
1928.
1929.
1930.
1931.
1932.
1933.
1 9 34.
1935.
1036.
1937.
1038.
1939.
40, 270
84,100
72,833
86,048
147,600
183,917
189,714
192,705
200,224
214,300
238,940
246,214
244,001
240,742
240,307
249,010
261, 756
256, 088
258, 044
260,703
258,052
268,020
257,274
255, 781
264, 691
253, 745
253, 307
262,258
250,503
86,291
112,191
179,496
233,634
402,283
078,997
802,661
933,163
1,184,557
1,429,049
1, 010,709
1,449,710
1,557,390
1,593,903
1, 836,238
1, 008,293
1,783,140
1,889,032
1,934,020
1,948,938
1,913,485
1,890,174
1,902,327
1, 902, 709
1,005,858
1,908,915
1,913,452
1,914, 490
1,913,300
2,866
3,972
6,606
9,077
14,184
19,382
21,360
22,900
23,814
24,826
25,142
24,881
24,078
24,478
24,428
24, 088
24,706
24,842
25,001
24, 298
23,490
21,950
21, 261
21,0 7 8
20,064
20,008
20,445
20,025
19,543
D o l l a r s
6,508,025
7,138,738
9,804,676
12,782,806
17,706,834
22,387,029
22,218,019
24,768, 670
29,033,035
33,880,202
52,478,721
121.473,685
113,028,470
116,235, 503
129,151, 617
130,400,020
134,400,816
139,387,321
148,440,854
133,235, 751
110,547, 245
84, 581,903
84,993,425
88, 7 07, BOS
01,389, 312
100,030, 003
102,07.0,710
93,241,407
97,178, 917
D o l l a r s
3,944,000
4,910,772
0,336,415
0,948,067
12,005,910
16,074,304
10,070,030
18,693,208
21,845,570
26,014,302
40,972,541
108,134.041
99,982,105
101,815,734
112.881.832
121.008.832
119,828,218
123,817, 517
132,872,815
123,987,610
104,572,745
85,412, 508
80, 028, 543
85, 5 1 4 ,1 2 1
80,131,234
02,837, 483
08,760,941
04, 870, 346
95,798,803
D o l l a r s
2.024.920
2,227,066
3,229,163
6,833,038
6.700.921
7,312,726
0,141,389
0, 165,364
7,188,066
7,274,900
11,603,180
13,339,014
13,040,305
13, 419,829
16,289,785
15,307,101
15,132,608
15,669,801
15,577,039
0,248,232
5,074,500
>8 3 0 , COS
4,304,382
2 ,2 4 3 ,0 8 1
5,258,078
7,109,120
3, 325,709
s 1 ,8 3 7 ,8 7 9
1,380,114
1 Figures for 1916 and prior years represent net income before bond interest. 1 Dofloit.
Source: W estern Union Telegraph Co., Now York, N . Y.; annual report.

No. T 4 0 - — T e l e g r a p h : S y s t e m s , L a n d a n d O c e a n - C a b l e — S u m m a r y : 1912 t o 1937
[All money figures in thousands of dollars)
ALL SYSTEMS LAND SYSTEMS OCEAN-CABLE SYSTEMS
1913 1917 1923 1937 1932 1937 1922 1927 1932 1937 1922 1927 1932 1937
N um ber of companies or system s 1 *_____
M iles of pole line 2___________________
Miles of single wire, total3____________
Aerial___________________________
U nderground____________________
Under-water, except ocean cable-----
N autical miles of ocean cable__________
N autical miles of single wire in ocean
cable______________________________
N um ber of offices_____ ______ ________
Operated jointly w ith other companies_________________________
Messages sent, total (thousands)_______
Governm ental____ _______________
P o ll commercial rate_____________
C ontract rate an d free____________
N um ber of employees—June 30________
Dec. 31________
Salaries and wages___________________
Operating revenues....... ............ .................
Taxes assignable to operations during
year, total__________________________
Federal__________________________
Other.......................................................
Investm ent in plant and equipm ent___
Dividends paid.._____________________
2 8 28 25 2 5 23 23 19 IS 17 1 7 6 7 6 6
247,528 241,128 252,991 256,809 256,661 253,576 252,991 254,720 256, 215 250,880 2,089 446 2,696
1,814,196 1,890.245 L 853,250 2,145,897 2.266.054 2,327.832 1,845,237 2, 138,259 2,259.827 2.301,532 8,013 7,638 6,227 26.300
(9 1,809,482 1,718,251 1,940,069 1,956,003 1,983,596 1,714,211 1,836,611 3,952,432 1,071,851 4,040 3,458 3,571 11,745
(9 77,187 131,448 200,979 303,912 335,179 127,475 197,058 301,560 323,421 3,973 3,921 2,352 11,758
(9 3,576 3,551 4,849 6,139 9,057 3,551 4,590 5,835 6,260 259 304 2,797
71 951 qq] (174 06 468 103,671 7 6 , 7 1 1 99,074 96,468 103,671
(4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (9 (4) (4) 105,413
30,864 28,940 27,354 27,666 26,047 2oi 522 27,214 27,530 25,901 25,453 140 136 146 69
5 26,247 23,321 21,935 21,491 19,574 19,201 21,933 21,480 19,569 19,200 2 11 5 1
109,878 8 127,074 191,121 229,5B2 158,378 218,116 181. 519 215,595 147,941 206,987 9.603 13,987 10,437 11.129
(4) 4,597 3,199 2,732 3,655 8,619 3,130 2,657 3,583 8,513 69 75 72 106
(4> 110,618 175,847 214164 146,162 200,901 166,730 200,381 135,797 190,008 9,117 13,784 10,365 10,892
(4) 11,858 12,075 12,686 561 8,596 11,659 12,557 8,561 8,466 417 129 130
7 44,811 64,723 68,632 81,498 66,723 73,457 62,299 74,903 60,933 68,054 6,333 6,595 5,790 5. 4U3
(i) (9 (9 (9 (9 69,737 (9 (9 (9 64,254 (9 (9 (9 5,483
7 24,965 43,764 76,162 99,520 73,949 85,336 68,737 89,984 66,988 77,928 7.425 9,536 6,961 7,408
60,403 106,990 146,805 177,589 114,656 *135,792 s 128,631 9159,682 97,729 117,032 818,174 917,907 16,927 18,760
1,187 5, 397 6,894 7,065 1427 6.964 •5,573 •6,182 •4,034 »6,357 «1,321 9883 9 393 9 608
(9 (9 e>) (9 ft 1,221 ft (9 (9 949 (9 (9 (9 272
(9 (9 (9 19 (9 5,743 (9 (9 (9 5,407 (9 (9 (9 336
222,047 243,358 326,662 426,699 506,445 506,765 • 254,030 >338,143 •415,694 •418,231 8 72,632 0 88,556 9 90,751 ■88,533
6,180 9,817 10,716 14,199

18. POWER
[Data in this section relate to continental United States]
N o. 4:4:1.— E n e r g y F r o m M i n e r a l F u e l s a n d W a t e r P o w e r — A n n u a l
S u p p l y , b y S o u r c e : 1871 t o 1939
No t e— Ths figures, exoapt coal equivalent, represent the equivalent of the heating power of th e olasses of
fuel in trillions of British therm al units. Data represent production, excopt those for oil im ports, and
take no account of exports, imports, or changes in stooks
ANNUAL AVERAGE
On YEAR
B i­
t u m i ­
n o u s
Total
coal
Anthracite
Dom
ostio
oil
N atural
gas
Im ­
ported
oil
W ater
pow er1
Grand
total
fuels
and
water
power
EQUIVALENT IN
BITUMINOUS
GOAL *
M illion
tons of
2,000
lbs.
Per
capita,
to n s
1R71-7R 037 764 1,391 40 (0 1, 520 53 1.4
1R7fi-Rn 718 955 1,673 101 (l) 1, 857 71 1.5
1RR1-RK 985 1,863 2,848 153 24 (0 3,110 119 2.2
IRRfi-OO 1,105 2,474 8,669 198 3 264 0 4; 221 101 2.7
1RM-05 1) 453 3.28fl 4,739 307 2 160 104 5.316 203 3.0
ififlfi-imn ........... 1,513 4,493 6,006 357 a 198 129 6, 690 255 3.5
1901-PR 1) 818 7 , 140 8,058 612 323 209 10,102 386 4,8
1906-10....................... 2', 207 O', 783 11,990 1,037 470 1 369 13; 867 520 5.0
1911-16........- .............. 2,427 11, 527 13,054 1,486 619 72 691 16, 722 638 6.6
1916-20........................ 2,623 13,981 10,604 2,176 820 207 851 20, 648 788 7.6
1021-26..................... 2,112 12,610 14,722 3,888 1,024 500 1,105 21, 308 813 7.3
1020-30........................ 2,084 13,595 15,870 5,375 1,760 408 1,781 25,002 954 8.0
1931-3B........................ 1,460 9, 207 10,607 5, 336 1,824 230 1,931 10,988 7 3 3 6.1
1933.............................. 1,348 8,741 10,080 5,434 1,072 101 1, 931 19,317 7 3 7 5.9
1934......................... 1,555 0, 415 10,970 5,448 1,904 213 1,806 20,431 780 6.2
lo se .................................... 1,419 9, 756 11,175 5,980 2,060 193 2,207 21,615 825 6.5
1936.............................. 1,485 11,604 12,989 6,598 2, 330 194 2, 256 24,307 930 7 . 3
1937............................. 1,410 11,673 13,083 7,675 2,588 165 2, 446 25,057 901 7.7
1938............................. 1,265 0,132 10,387 7,286 2,468 158 2,466 22,765 869 6.7
1930 (prelim inary).. 1,307 10,102 11,589 7,586 2,618 199 2,423 24,416 032 7 .1
i Fuel equivalent is calculated from kilowatt-hours of power produced wherever available, as is tru e of all
public-utility plants since 1010. Otherwise fuel equivalent is caloulatod from reported horsepower of
installed water wheels. Prior to 1890 data wore unsatisfactory, but estimates aro included in total.
1Calculated at 26,200,000 British thermal units per ton.
I Based on am ount ol ooal displaced by gas, as ostimatod b y gas companies.
Source: Figures for 1930 and prior years, Department of Interior, B ureau of M ines. Thereafter, National
Bituminous Coal Commission, now Bituminous Coal Division of D epartm ent of Interior. Published by
D epartm ent of Interior, Bureau of Mines, in Minorals Yoarbook.
No, £4-2#— G b n d b a t i n g P l a n t s — I n s t a l l e d C a p a c i t y , b y Type of Prime
M o v e r : 1920 t o 1939
N ote,—In kilowatts. See headnoto, table 443
YEAR
Total
Hydro
TYPE OF PRIME MOVER
Steam
Internal
combustion
H ydro as
percent
of total
1020—
1021—
1022—
1023—
1924—
1025—
1920—
1927—
1028—
1929—
1930..
1931—
1932—-
1933—
1934—
1935—
1936—
1037—
1938—.
1030—..
14,372,000 3,780, 695 10 490 944 04,470 26.3
16,282,014 3,965,650 11 221, 724 04,040 25.0
16,940,913 4,200,860 11 640 055 102,398 26,3
17,433,118 4, 597, 624 12 721 552 114,042 26.4
19,403,376 5,149,781 14, 210, 155 127,440 26,4
23,612,000 6,158,849 17 160, 846 180, 306 26.2
25.302.322 6,647,346 18 551, 524 103, 452 26.2
27,020,916 7,134,143 19, 683, 534 203,238 26,4
29,714,017 8,060,771 21 335, 347 317,890 27.1
31.022,591 8,166,479 23 129, 693 326,419 25.8
34,055,310 8,041,020 24 095, 862 418,437 20,3
36,369,664 9,444,771 25 4 7 4, 380 450, 513 26,7
35,001,317 9,583,009 25 921, 209 487,099 26.6
36,242,016 9,736,063 20 008 006 408,188 20.0
36,701,072 9,741,739 25 524, 206 525,127 27.2
36,074,442 0,795,138 25 708 200 671,096 27,2
36,664,442 10,436,493 25 519, 062 008,887 28. 5
37,134,382 10, 676, 614 25 872 720 685,048 28,6
39,042,106 11,080,063 27 202 844 773,198 28.3
40,317,924 11,415,165 28 046, 948 855,811 28.3
Source: Federal Power Commission, Electric) Power Statistics.
400

ELECTRIC LIGHT AND POWER 401
N o . 4 A 3 . — E l e c t r i c E n e r g y — P r o d u c t i o n , b y T y p e o f P r i m e M o v e r :
1920 t o 1939
N o t e . — I n thousands of kilowatt hours. Figures lor 1939 in this table and those in table 442 and in tables
444 to 448 are based on the operation o f 4,126 power plants, owned by 1,677 concerns, generating electric
energy for sale. T he production and capacity o f the following types o f plants are included: Privately
owned electric utilities, m ining and manufacturing (exclusive of plants of those concerns whose sales wore
less th an 10,000 kilow att hours per m onth), railways and railroads, municipal electric utilities, Bureau
of Heolnmation, other Federal projects, cooperatives, power districts, State projeots, and publicly owned
noncoiitral stations
YEAR
Total
Hydro
TVFE OF PItIME MOVER
Steam
Internal
combustion
H ydro as
percent of
total
1020. . .
1921.. .
1922 .
1023.. ..
1924.. .
1925—
1920—
1927..
1028..
1929..
1030..
1931..
1932-
1933..
1034..
1036-
1930—
1037-
1938-
1039-
43,334,282
40,880, 083
47, 621,031
66,654, 607
58,887,016
05, 751, 137
73,088,069
70,304,895
80, 557,804
05,926,220
94,861,697
90,728,821
82,370,772
84,730, 229
90,805,624
98,404,073
112,181,242
121,830,813
110,681,423
130,336, 050
15,949,050
14,879,593
17,091,953
10,232,513
19,844,065
22,233,423
20,071,092
20,028,500
33,380,239
33, 100,745
3 1 , 737, 724
20,579,863
33,321,857
34,058,602
33,713,222
39,034,152
39,510,274
44,480,183
44,834,410
44,021,031
27, 218,273
25, 831,166
30,238,485
30, 112,791
38,800, 011
43,223,181
47,279,097
49,907,324
62, 609, 015
02,100, 462
3 2 ,2 7 7 ,8 8 8
00,505,175
48,450,610
60,094,004
56,450,561
58,049,829
71,755,938
70,329,917
70,727,420
85,000,641
166,959
176,324
190,503
209,203
233,339
294,533
337,880
338,975
659,550
574,019
3 35, B8B
843,783
698,305
683,003
641,751
780,092
909,030
1,017,713
1,119,587
1,307,478
30.8
30.4
30.0
34.6
33.7
33.8
35.4
30.0
38.6
34.0
83.5
32.6
40.5
40.2
37.1
36.6
35.2
30.5
38.4
33.8
N o. 4:4:4:.----G EN E RA T IN G PLANTS----INSTALLED CAPACITY, BY CLASS OF OW NER­
SH IP: 1920 t o 1939
N ote.—In thousands of kilowatts. See headnote, table 443
PRIVATELY OWNED
PUBLICLY OWNED
YEAR
Total all
classes
of ownership
Eleotrio
utilities
Mining
and manufacturing
Railways
and railroads
B u­
reau of
Reclamation
F e d e r a l
Other
M unicipal
electric
utilities
Cooperatives,
power
districts,
State
projeots
Noncentral
stations
1020..................... 14,372 12,023 113 1 546 001
1021..................... 16,282 12,707 05 l' 608 034
1 0 2 2..................... 1 5 , 9 5 0 13,410 8 8 1 ' 670 685
1023..................... 1 7,433 14,787 100 1, 691 752 14 AA
1024..................... 19,493 10,740 135 1,677 824 14 44
1925..................... 23, 512 20,045 208 1,772 1,125 14 184 49 55
1920..................... 25,392 21,819 274 1,732 1,204 21 184 99 50
1027..................... 27,021 23,418 369 1,673 1,210 25 184 131 111
1028..................... 29,714 25,901 445 1,464 1,340 29 184 139 116
1029..................... 31, 023 27,953 420 1,303 1,424 30 184 138 111
1080..................... 34,055 30,285 438 1,233 1,001 32 194 154 118
1031..................... 35,370 31,408 431 1,241 1,096 37 104 154 110
1932..................... 35,991 32,033 388 1,216 1,828 38 194 165 139
1033..................... 30,243 32,103 458 1,198 1,879 38 194 172 141
1034-................... 36, 701 31, 647 449 1,224 1,963 3 8 2 5 0 182 138
1935..................... 30,074 31,820 449 1,190 2,001 38 202 175 139
1930............. — 36,605 31,787 447 1,030 2,164 407 396 184 144
1937.................... 37,134 31,958 494 1,020 2,477 407 425 207 146
1038..................... 39,042 33,240 559 991 2.031 672 584 310 149
1939-............. - 40,318 33,908 559 896 2,807 768 883 333 164
Source of tables 443 and 444: Federal Power Commission, Electric Power Statistics.

4 0 2 POWER
N o. i4:S.—E le c tr ic E n erg y — P ro d u ctio n , by C la s s Of O w nership: 1920
to 1939
N o t e . —In millions of kilowatt-hours. See headnote, table 443
PRIVATELY OWNED
PUBLICLY OWNED
YEAH
Total all
classes
of ownership
Electric
utilities
M ining
and m anufacturing
Railways
and railroads
B u­
reau of
Reclamation
Federal
Other
M unicipal
electric
utilities
Cooperatives,
power
districts,
State
projects
Noneentral
stations
1920..................... 43,334 37,716 176 3 754 l S7a
1921..................... 40,886 36,456 161 3.' 545
1922..................... 47,621 41,660 216 a 67a
1923.................__ 65, 555 40,044 321 4' 005 l ' RJS9, 63
1924..................... 58,887 52,316 395 Z, 830 1 0 4 0
1925..................... 65,751 68, 685 485 3,815 2,302 59 44 172 180
1926.................... 73,689 65,480 577 3,759 2, 832 79 439 335 188
1927..................... 79,365 70,920 724 3,223 3,051 104 664 536 243
1928..........- ......... 86, 558 78,207 735 3,029 3,245 134 222 612 374
1929.................... 95,925 87, 514 780 2,965 3,497 128 172 451 418
1930..........- ......... 94,652 86,109 790 2,750 3,604 147 318 518 410
1931..................... 90,729 82, 596 789 2.590 3,435 142 355 421 401
1932..................... 82,377 74.488 596 2,388 3,517 150 295 572 371
1033..................... 84, 730 76,638 740 2,250 3, 583 168 200 054 377
1934..................... 90,806 82,079 1,193 2, 355 3,834 152 205 565 423
IGdb_____ 98,464 89.330 830 2,346 4,229 156 399 732 442
1930..................... 112,181 102,293 607 2,198 4,706 284 780 801 444
1937..................... 121,837 110,464 784 2,140 5,270 1,320 517 863 473
1938..................... 116,081 104,090 857 2,012 6.237 1, 700 1,329 994 462
1939................. 130,336 116,078 851 1,843 5,688 2,692 2,784 944 456
No. 446.— Consumption o f F u e l f o r P ro d u c tio n o f E le c tr ic E nergy:
1920 to 1939
N o t e .— See headnote, table 443
CALENDAR YEAR
Ooal
(thousand
to n s 0
CONSUMPTION OP FUEL C onsum p-
F uel oil
(thousand
b a rre ls!)
Gas
(million
cubic feet)
and coal
eq u iv alen t
of other
fuels
(thousand
tons 1 3)
O u tp u t b y
fuels
(m illion
k ilo w a tthours
*)
C o n su m p ­
tio n per
k ilo w a tt
hour
(pounds)
1920.................................................. 42,938
1921........................................ 31,575
34, 916 25,864
1022.................................. 34,171
27,181 37,770 30, 216
1023................................ 38,966 14,681 31,486 43,306 36, 088
1924....................................
37, 563
48,405 42,687 38,806
1025__________________ _
40,217
45,431
1026........................................ 41, 329 9| 430 53,094
1027.................................
41, 887
46, m
1028__________ ____ _ 41,390 l\ 154 46,471
1920................................
52,808
44,934
112,621 52, 639 02, 295
1030................................ 42,910 0l 263
62, 513
1031................................ 38,714
130,274
1932.................
47,113 60,791
30,290
107,840
1933................................
48, 931
30, 575
37,151
1034............................
50, 546
33, 501 lo' 391 127,892 41, 832
1936.....................
60, 914
34,104 11,378 125,239
1930.................................
59,176
42,025
150,080
1937.........................
72,188
44,766
171,208
1038................................
76, 883
40, 212
170,688
1939.................
50,555 71, 525
40, 223 17^ 423 191,131 59, 514 3 85,800
2.50
2.40
2.10
1.95
1.70
1.69
1.02
1.55
1.50
1.47
1.47
1.40
1,44
1.43
1.41
1.39
1Of 2,000 pounds.
! Of 42 gallons.
3 Includes fuel used for standby purposes.
1 O utput by use of wood not included.
3 O utput b y use of waste not included.
Source of tables 445 and 446: Federal Power Commission, Electric Power Statistics.

ELECTRIC L IG H T AND POWER 403
N o. idN .— G e n e r a t i n g P l a n t s — I n s t a l l e d C a p a c ity , b y T y p e o f P r im e
M o y e r a n d b y C l a s s op O w n e r s h ip , b y S t a t e s : 1939
[In thousands of kilowatts. See hoadnote, table 443]
t y p e o f p r im e m o v e r
CLASS OF OWNERSHIP
DIVISION AND STATE
Total
Hydro Steam
Internal
combustion
Privately owned
Total
Electric
utilities Other
Publicly owned
Municipal
Total electric
utilities
Other
United States........ 40,818 11,415 28,047 858 35,363 33,908 1,455 4,955 0,807 2,148
N ew England___ -____ 3,028 852 2,184 13 2,942 2,663 279 86 74 12
M aine............... *........ 249 192 55 2 247 243 4 2 2 1
N ew Hamsphire......... 318 236 81 1 316 316 0 ) 1 1
Verm ont..................... 178 166 12 (i) 169 161 8 9 9
Massachusetts............ 1, 369 165 1,196 9 1,311 1,108 204 58 52 6
Rhode Island.............. 238 3 235 (i) 233 233 6 6
Connecticut................ 677 91 584 1 667 603 64 9 9
Middle Atlantio_______ 9,747 1, 572 8,141 84 9, 596 9,181 416 151 132 19
N ew York.................. 5, 605 1,170 4,373 23 5,475 5,078 397 90 74 15
N ew Jersey................ 1,130 7 1 ,120 3 1,116 • 1 ,105 11 14 11 3
Pennsylvania............. 3.052 395 2 ,049 9 3.005 2.997 8 47 47 C‘>
East North Central____ 9,069 n o 8,279 81 8,286 8,232 65 773 644 129
O h io ........................... 2,436 13 2,415 8 2,243 2,218 25 194 193 1
Indiana....................... 1,237 35 1,188 14 1,049 1.035 16 188 187 1
Illin o is.,..................... 2.504 50 2,438 16 2,370 2,370 6 129 95 33
Michigan.................... 1,898 345 1,527 20 1,684 1, 082 2 215 124 91
Wisconsin................... 993 267 711 16 945 928 17 48 44 4
West North Central____ 3,168 532 2,327 298 2, 640 2,422 127 603 528 80
Minnesota.................. 676 167 491 28 576 470 106 100 100
Iow a............................ 691 127 490 68 608 589 lo 83 79 4
Missouri..................... 771 151 672 47 687 687 84 84
N orth Dakota........... 90 83 8 82 82 8 8
South Dakota............. 83 4 50 20 64 64 19 19 (i)
Nebraska.................. 356 219
8 L
51 207 207 CO 149 73 W 76
Kansas........................ 400 7 417 67 325 323 2 166 160
South Atlantio________ 4,843 2,061 2,709 73 4,641 4,106 344 302 253 50
Delaware..................... 37 33 4 28 28 Q 9
M aryland................... 068 271 379 7 641 839 2 17 17 «
D ist. of Columbia.,. 257 2 255 255 255 2 2
Virginia....... ............... 573 182 381 i i 535 488 47 39 27 11
W est Virginia............. 733 101 028 5 733 600 37 w (0 c1)
N orth Carolina.......... 1,064 652 394 8 1,002 749 252 52 50 3
South Carolina........... 634 50.1 130 3 631 625 5 4 3 1
Georgia___________ 481 338 142 2 442 441 1 39 11 28
Florida........................ 415 14 307 34 270 276 1 140 137 3
East South Central_____ 2,002 1,221 755 26 1,171 1,077 94 831 64 767
Kentucky................... 363 111 249 3 345 345 (0 18 16 2
Tennessee................... 593 391 199 3 170 89 81 423 21 402
Alabama__________ 982 719 258 5 622 010 12 300 2 357
Mississippi................ 61 49 15 33 33 1 30 24 6
West South Central____ 2,041 139 1,722 180 1,830 1,820 a sii 169 42
161 67 80 14 140 138 2 21 21
Louisiana.................. 409 378 31 374 372 2 35 35
366 2 317 48 317 316 1 49 49
Texas--....................... 1,105 71 916 88 1,000 993 6 106 64 42
Mountain____________ 2,157 1, 581 482 93 1,230 1,165 65 928 62 865
Montana..................... 331 321 7 3 330 330 (0 (>) o) m
Idaho.......................... 261 257 1 3 233 233 0 27 8 20
W y o m i n g .................... 85 47 34 4 38 33 5 47 2 45
Colorado..................... 285 66 209 10 250 221 29 36 34 1
109 1 92 17 106 106 3 3 0)
A rizona______ ____ 416 293 79 44 116 87 29 300 « 300
-Utah................. ........ 181 92 60 9 145 145 16 14 2
N evada...................... 509 504 3 3 12 10 3 497 (■) 497
Pacific______________ 4,278 2, 748 1,468 57 8,207 3,153 64 1,066 882 184
Washington________ 1,002 785 215 2 592 578 14 411 402 8
Oregon.................... 462 278 179 5 355 349 6 107 20 87
California................. 2,808 1,684 1,074 AO 2,200 2,226 34 549 460 89
1Less than 500.
Source: Federal Power Commission, Electric Power Statistics and supplement thereto.

4 0 4 POWER
No. 4 4 8 .— E l e c t r i c E n e r g y — P r o d u c t i o n , b y T y p e o p P r i m e M o v e r a n d
by G la s s op O w n e r s h ip , b y S t a t e s : 1939
N o t e . — I n millions of kilowatt-hours. S o e hoadnote, table 443
TYPE OF PRIME MOVER
CLASS OF OWNERSHIP
DIVISION AND STATE
Total
Hydro
Steam
Privately owned
Total
Other
Total
Publicly owned
Internal
combustion
Electric
utilities
Municpal
electric
utilities
Other
United States___ 130,336 44,022 86,007 1,307 117, 772 115,078 2,694 12, 684 6, 688 6 ,8 7 6
NewEngland________
Maine........................
New Hampshire___
Vermont...............
Massachusetts..........
Rhode Island........
Connecticut..............
Middle Atlantic______
New York.................
New Jersey...........
Pennsylvania...........
East North Central___
Ohio........................
Indiana.....................
Illinois.......................
Michigan..................
Wisconsin.................
West North Central___
Minnesota.................
Iowa..........................
Missouri*..................
North Dakota...........
South Dakota...........
Nebraska_________
Kansas.......................
South Atlantic____ ....
Delaware...................
M aryland...............
Dist. of Colum bia...
Virginia.....................
West Virginia...........
North Carolina.........
South Carolina.........
Georgia......................
Florida......................
East South Central____
Kentucky..............
Tennessee.................
Alabama....................
• Mississippi................
West South Central___
Arkansas...................
Louisiana..................
Oklahoma___ _____
T ex as......................
Mountain______ _____
Montana..................
Idaho.........................
Wyoming.................
Colorado................
New Mexico.............
Arizona___________
Utah........................
Nevada......................
Paoiflc.:____________
Washington..............
Oregon.....................
California_________ 1
1Less than 500.,000.
S, 350 2, 876 5,450 25 8,163 7, 770 394 187 153 S4
873 823 48 2 864 853 10 9 7 2
729 609 119 1 726 720 (*) 3 3
601 600 1 id 579 562 17 22 22
3,428 580 2,829 19 3,311 3,075 236 117 102 15
732 9 723 (0 716 716 16 10
1,087 254 1,730 2 1,908 1,837 131 19 19
32, 970 7,335 25, 579 56 32,640 31,496 1,144 330 246 85
17,325 5.006 11,381 37 17,106 16,019 1,086 219 144 75
4,596 27 4,562 6 4,666 4,534 31 30 21 9
11,060 1,402 9,035 13 10,909 10,943 26 81 80 1
29,995 2,883 26, 984 129 28, 289 28,089 200 1, 706 1, 372 334
8,339 22 8,305 13 7,874 7,789 85 406 464 2
4,405 117 4,322 26 4,113 4,068 45 352 350 2
8,200 187 7,988 25 7, 948 7,931 17 253 157 96
6,010 1,303 4,671 36 5,499 5,496 4 511 285 225
2,880 1,254 1,697 29 2.855 2,800 49 125 110 9
7,860 1,865 5, 496 498 6,816 6, 596 220 1, 043 967 77
1,070 042 987 47 1,499 1,317 182 177 177
2,109 791 1,107 120 1,967 1,923 34 152 144 8
1, 605 307 1,221 77 1,461 1,461 144 • 144
226 218 8 214 214 13 13
162 9 98 55 120 120 42 42 (i)
804 100 624 81 623 622 c) 182 113 69
1,278 16 1,152 110 943 939 4 335 335
15,190 5,562 9,630 108 14,646 14,219 427 544 441 103
16 10 6 2 2 14 14
2,144 1,020 1,100 9 2,120 2,114 7 24 23 1
1,118 13 1,104 1,104 1,104 13
1,875 300 1,496 19 1,792 1,676 iio j 84 54 30
3,220 378 2,841 1 3,219 3,141 78 1 0 (l)
2,489 1,322 1,153 13 2,380 2,187 203 99 88 11
1,568 1,231 331 6 1,562 1, 541 21 6 3 3
1, 612 1,197 412 3 1,558 1, 558 1 54 15 39
1,150 32 1,067 61 890 897 2 251 243 8
6,968 6,057 1, 890 21 4,261 4,197 64 2, 717 107 2, 609
913 399 612 3 872 871 C‘> 42 41 1
2,044 1,460 582 2 830 836 3 1,205 28 1 ,1 7 7
3,943 3,198 742 3 2,507 2,457 49 1,437 5 1,432
67 54 13 34 33 1 33 33 (!)
6, 980 239 6,482 258 6, 564 6,633 31 416 355 61
231 107 109 15 201 197 30 30
1,885 1,828 57 1,803 1,800 4 82 82
1,112 1 1,030 SO 1 ,015 1', 012 3 97
■*
97
3,762 131 3, 515 106 3, 545 3,626 20 207 147 61
7,493 6,017 1,307 166 4,386 4,262 124 3,108 148 2 ,9 5 8
1,575 1,550 19 6 1,573 1,672 1 2 (l) 2
1,127 1,126 1 « 973 973 C1) 153 30 123
141 50 87 4 92 79 13 49 4 45
760 210 527 18 6S4 640 44 76 70 6
282 2 252 28 273 273 8 8 0)
1,327 963 266 99 336 282 54 992 0 991
425 270 145 10 383 383 42 35 7
1,855 1,841 11 3 71 59 ii 1, 784 0 1 ,7 8 4
14, 631 12,188 2,299 44 12,016 11, 916 100 2, 515 1,000 ‘815
3,643 3,420 221 • 1 2,692 2,675 17 950 904 4 7
1,484 1,130 340 9 1,268 1,246 23 216 t53 153
9,404 7,638 1,733 33 8,055 7,995 60 1,348 934 415
Source: Federal Power Commission, Electric Power Statistics and supplement thereto.

e l e c t r ic l ig h t a n d p o w e r 4 0 5
N o . 4 4 9 .-— E l e c t r ic L ig h t a n d P o w e r I n d u s t r y '— S u m m a r y : 1902 to 1937
NOTE.—Figures cover all establishments engaged either in the generation and distribution of eleotrio energy,
or the distribution or transmission of eleotrio energy, to public or private consumers. Statistics do not
inolude establishments which consume all current generated, such as manufacturing and mining companies,
railroads, railways, hotels, and other enterprises not in the nature of public utilities, unless a
portion of their generated output is sold commercially. Plants operated by the Federal Government
or by States were not included unless energy was sold commercially. For classification of reporting
sources for 1937, sec table 450
Number of reporting establishments,!
total................................
Generating all or part of ourrent..
Distributing or transmitting only.
Number of separate generating
stations.........................................
Prime movers, hp. (thousands).......
Steam engines.................................
Steam turbines................................
Internal-combustion engines____
Hydroturbines and water wheels..
Generators, by type of prime mover,
rated kilowatt capacity (thousands)
...........................................
Steam engines................................
Steam turbines................................
Internal-combustion engines.........
Hydroturbinos and water wheels..
O utput,i*4 *7kilowatt-hours (millions)..
Reported as generated...................
By steam......................................
By internal-combustion..............
By water..................................
Reported as purchased or received
from other sources.....................
Num ber of customers (thousands)..
Ultimate consumers................ ......
Resale............................... ..............
Hevenuo from eleo. service ($1,000)..
Ultimate consumers.......................
Resale...............................................
Kilowatt-hours sold (millions).........
Ultimate consumers.......................
Resale..............................................
Kilowatt-hours distributed for other
purposes (nonrevanue)(millions).
N ot reported sold...........................
Energy lost In transmission, distribution,
conversion, etc........
Percent loss (based on total outp
u t).......................... —.............
Employees, number......... ........ ........
Salaries and wages ($1,000)...............
Operating expenses (includes cost of
fuel, purchased and interchanged
power, maintenance and other
operating expenses) ($1,000)_____
Value of electric utility plant (millions
of dollars)............................
Fuel used for electric generation: '*
Coal, anthracite (1,000 short tons).
Coal, bituminous (l,000short tons).
Coke (1,000 short tons)..... .............
Fuel oil (l,000 bbls. of 42 gals.)___
Gasoline (1,000 bbls. of 42 gals.)...
Gas, manufactured (1,000,000
cubie feot).....................................
Gas, natural (1,000,000 cubic feet)..
1902
3,620
0
0
1,845
.1, 304
12
430
1,212
1
)
1
>
(>)
.0
30,320
20,047
0
505
0
0 0
0
(?)
1912 1917 1922 1927 1032 1937
5,221 6,542 6,355 4, 335 3,426 3, 501
4, 040 5,124 4,389 2,331 1,788 1,812
675 1,418 1,900 2, 004 1,041 1,689
0 6,052 6,444 4,801 4,339 3 4,027
7,530 12,937 19,851 35, 710 47, 907 50,220
f 1,895 1,702 1,371 994 049 712
\ 3,054 6,747 12,355 24, 323 32,904 33,177
111 210 303 548 881 1,101
2,409 4,277 5,822 9,844 13,632 15,230
5,106 8,004 14,813 25,811 34,623 36,481
1
1 097 453 521
I 6,209 0,003 < 17,848 24,033 24,600
l 417 698 702
0 2,780 4.351 8,850 0,540 10,598
14,183 31.044 60,274 96,829 ill, 710 168,300
11.509 25,438 40,292 74,686 79,057 121,097
ft (a) ft 45,391 45,375 74,230
ft 0 577 715 1,089
0 ft ft 28, 718 33,507 45,779
2,014
3,838
5,006
7,179
9,083
12,710
22,142
21, 790
32,058
23,802
47,202
27,219
(*)
ft ft 21,780 23,858 27,216
ft 0 ft 4 3 3
4287, 139 3502, 000 n, 020,439 1,802,655 1, 975,304 2,356,513
255, 001 444, 535 945,428 1,067,046 1, 821,105 2,177,617
81,177 57, 525 75,011 135, 610 154,198 178,896
ft 25,752 41,006 79, Oil 83,205 132,930
0 18, 287 32,948 03,012 05,806 103,070
ft 7,405 9,017 15,300 22,309 29,850
0 ft 0 17,817 23,451 35,370
0 0 ft 6,342 9,769 17,450
0 0 7,136 12,470 13,092 17,914
0 0 14.2 12.9 12.3 10.6
79,335 105,541 160,762 251,020 244,573 *281,335
01,102 95,242 212,433 f 367,032

4 0 6 POWER
No. 450.—E lectric Light and P ow er I ndustry— Gen era tin g F a c il ities,
E nergy Generated, and F uel Consumed, by R eporting S ources: 1937
N o t e.—The system of classification by reporting sources, as shown in this table, Is a new one recently
adopted by the Bureau of the Census in collaboration with the Federal Power Commission. This classi*
flcation differs slightly from that employed by the Federal Power Commission. (See headnote, table
443.) The differences in the figures are due mainly (1) to the inclusion in the census survey of data for
certain small concerns not canvassed by tho Federal Power Commission, and (2) to the inclusion in tho
Federal Power Commission survey of data for a larger proportion of the energy output of certain concerns
grouped under "Other sources” than is accounted for in the census survey
Number of reporting establishments, companies
or systems.....................................................
Number generating all or part of current..........
Number reporting distribution or transmission
only............ .........................-..................—
Number of generating stations.............................
Steam................................................................
Internal-combustion.........................................
Water.............................................................
Composite L.....................................................
Generators by type of prime mover:
Total number.................................................
Total kilowatt capacity (thousands)...............
Steam ongines:
Number........................................................
Kilowatt capacity (thousands)-...................
Steam turbines:
Number.........................................................
Kilowatt capacity (thousands).____ _____
Internal-combustion:
Number. _________ __________________
Kilowatt capacity (thousands).....................
Hydroturbines and water wheels:
Number......... ...............................................
Kilowatt capacity (thousands)....................
Generated output (millions of kilowatt-hours)__
By steam..........................................................
By internal-combustion—________________
By water power.............— ...........................
Fuel used for electric generation: •
Coal, anthracite (thousands of tons of 2,000
pounds).........................................................
Coal, bituminous (thousands of tons of 2,000
pounds)........................................................ .
Coke (thousands of tons of 2,000 pounds)......... .
Fuel oil (thousands of barrels of 42 gallons)__
Gas, natural (1,000,000 cubic feet)....................
All
sources
Privately
owned
electric
utilities
Municipally
owned
electric
utilities
Cooperatives,
power
districts,
etc.
Federal
and
State
Other
sources7
S, 501 1,340 1,860 181 26 96
1,812 818 885 10 18 75
1,089 522 976 105 7 20
4,027 2,916 963 27 28 93
1,112 813 257 2 6 35
1,283 748 623 4 2 6
1,426 1,220 120 21 21 38
200 129 63 14
10,721 7,643 2,763 86 72 287
36,481 82,193 2,499 147 859 783
801 528 292 3 1 2 38
621 417 91 2 w 11
2,726 2,000 502 3 1 8 94
24,600 22,824 1,401 1 65 308
3,490 1,835 1,622 8 4 21
762 381 374 2 2 3
3,646 3,120 277 56 58 134
10,598 8,570 634 142 791 460
121,097 109,920 6,254 706 1,964 3,204
74,230 70,716 2,675 (*) 838
ij 089 390 078 6 ” 3 5
45,779 38,807 1,900 760 1,951 2,361
2,024 1,930 93 1
40,4G9 37,810 2,128 1 524
88 85 4
713,899 11,275 2,590 13 7 14
169,453 140,823 12,030
1Includes statistics for privately owned concerns (manufacturing and mining companies, railways, and
railroads) and publicly owned ones (United States national parks, State colleges, and certain municipal
plants).
* Stations having more than 1 type of primo mover,
s Reported as idle equipment. 4 Less than 600. fi Less than 600,000.
4 In addition, the following kinds of fuel were used in electric generation: Manufactured gas, hogged fuel,
and sawmill, and other waste.
7 Includes 3,000 barrels of gasoline.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Electrical Industries, report on
Electrlo Light and Power Industry.
No. 4 5 1 .—Sales op E lectric E nergy— N umber of Customers, E nergy
Sold, and R evenue P rom E lectric Ser v ice: 1937
CLASS OF SERVICE
Number
of
customers Kilowatthours
ENERGY SOLD
(millions)
Average
kilowatthours
per
customer
REVENUE FROM ELECTRIC
SERVICE
Amount
(thousands
of
dollars)
Average
per customer
(dollars)
Average
per kilowatt-hour
(cents)
Total sales.................................... 27,219,362 132,930 4,884 2,356,513 87 1-8
Sales to ultimate consumers, total............ 27,216,336 103,070 3,787 2,177,617 80 2.1
Residential or domestic sales:
' Farm............................................... 615,136 667 1,084 24,830 40 3.7
Nonfarm........................................... 21,689,895 16,815 779 726,363 34 4.3
Rural—distinot rural rates only:
Farm................................................. 538,283 981 1,822 31,140 58 3.2
Nonfarm........................................... 169,382 306 1,809 10,464 62 3.4
Commercial and industrial sales:
Farm............................................. 61,084 1,024 16,513 16,197 245 1.5
Nonfarm........................................... 4,144,195 69.911 16,870 1,189,869 287 1.7
Public street and highway lighting__ 23,182 2,036 87,812 73,859 3,186 3.6
Other sales to public authorities.......... 09,458 2,416 34,780 37,269 637 1.5

ELECTRIC! L IG H T AND POW ER 407
No. 4 5 1 .— S a i.e s o p E l e c t r i c E n e r g y — N u m b e r o p C u s t o m e r s , E n e r g y
S o ld , a n d R e v e n u e F r o m E l e c t r i c S e r v i c e : 1937—Continued
ENERGY SOLD
REVENUE FROM ELECTRIC
SERVICE
CLASS OP SERVICE
of
c u s to m e rs
K ilo w a tth
o u rs
(m illio n s)
A v erage
k ilo w a tth
o u rs p e r
c u sto m er
A m o u n t
(th o u ­
s a n d s of
d ollars)
A v erag e
p e r c u s­
to m e r
(d o llars)
A v erag e
p e r k ilo ­
w a tt-h o u r
(cen ts)
S ales to u ltim a te c o n s u m e rs —-C o n .
S ales to ra ilro a d s a n d ra ilw a y s:
S tre e t a n d in te r u r b a n ra ilw a y s ............ 374 4,888 IS, 009,278 42,473 US, 564 0.9
E le c trifie d s te a m -ra ilro a d d iv is io n s .. 102 ’ 1,658 15,279,160 14,043 137,677 .9
I n te r d e p a r tm e n ta l..................... ..................... 1,627 2,272 1,306,561 10,194 6,265
.4
O th e r sales to u l tim a te c o n s u m e rs......... 2,718 197 72,357 1,917 705 1.0
S a les for re s a le , to ta l............................................ 3,026 29,869 9, 867, 518 178,886 89,120 • a
S ales to o th e r e le c tric u tilitie s :
M u n ic ip a l d is tr ib u tio n s y s te m s .......... 1,110 2,447 2,204,443 18,326 16,510 .7
M u tu a l o r c o o p e ra tiv e u n d e rta k in g s . 196 71 301,600 479 2,443 .7
O th e r e le c tric c o m p a n ie s......................... 1,676 27,282 18,287,780 169,006 95,322 .6
O th e r sales fo r r e s a le ....................................... 46 59 1,310,907 426 9,466 .7
N o. 4 5 2 .— Sales to U ltim ate Consumers— N um ber op Customers, E nergy
S old, and R ev en u e F rom E lectric S ervice, by Class op Service, P rivately
Ow ned and M unicipally Ow ned E lectric U t il it ie s: 1937
CLASS OF SERVICE
TOTAL
PRI­
VATELY
OWNED
ELECTRIC
UTILITIES
MUNICI­
PALLY
OWNED
ELECTRIC
UTILITIES
TOTAL
PRI­
VATELY
OWNED
ELECTRIC
UTILITIES
MUNICI­
PALLY
OWNED
ELECTRIC
UTILITIES
N u m b e r o f c u sto m e rs
E n e r g y so ld ( th o u s a n d s of
k ilo w a tt-h o u rs )
T o ta ls ________________________________ 27,089,082 24,432,724 2,656,968 99,198,413 63,524,014 6,674,399
R e s id e n tia l o r d o m e s tic sales;
F a r m , . . . ................................................................... 588,292 560,244 32,048 628,030 003, 285 24, 751
N o n fa rm ..................................................................... 21,640,429 10,865,077 2,174,752 16,769,270 14,921,016 1,848,260
R u r a l— d is tin c t r u r a l r a te s o n ly :
F a r m .......................................................................... 605,009 478,O il 27,058 959, 318 038, 65C 20,008
N o n f a r m ..................................................................... 188,086 166,580 12,500 802,557 237,311 15,240
C o m m e rc ia l a n d I n d u s tr ia l sales:
F a r m ............................................................................ 80, 520 50,127 1,402 936,575 928. 016 12,959
N o n fa rm ..................................................................... 4,130,812 3,731,207 399,605 68,724,014 86.009,765 3,114,249
P u b lic s tr e e t a n d h ig h w a y lig h tin g ................ 23,033 20,736 2,297 1,853,00G 1,582,911 270,089
O th e r sa le s to p u b lic a u th o r itie s ...................... 09,202 63,700 5,562 2,370,586 2,202,021 108, 66S
S ales to ra ilro a d s a n d r a ilw a y s :
S tre e t a n d I n te r u r b a n ra ilw a y s . ............
( 324
} 409
E le c trifie d s te a m -ra ilro a d d iv is io n s............ I 74 } 71
14,748,854
6,185,718
11,302,515 } 44,848
I n te r d e p a r tm e n ta l ................................................. 1, 410 205 1, 205 336,881 194,767 14L016
O th e r sa le s to u l tim a te c o n s u m e r s .._______ 2,291 1,833 468 132,851 119,800 13,050
R e v e n u e f ro m e le c tric serv ice
( th o u s a n d s of d o llars)
R e v e n u e p e r k ilo w a tt-h o u r
(ce n ts)
T o tal__________________________________ 2,168,478 2,006,933 149,545 2 .2 2.1 2 .8
R e s id e n tia l o r d o m e s tio s a le s:
F a r m ....................................................-■..................... 2 3 ,82C 22,730 1,000 3.8 3.8 4 .4
N o n fa rm ..................................................................... 724,868 054,787 70,071 4.3 4.4 a. 8
R u r a l— d is tin c t r u r a l r a te s o n ly :
F a r m ............................................................................ 80,201 20, 274 1,025 3 .2 3.1 6 .0
N o n f a r m .................................................................... 10, 375 9,60S 677 3.4 8.4 4 .4
C o m m e rc ia l a n d I n d u s tr ia l sales:
F a r m ............................................................................ 1 4 ,36C 14,096 260 1.5 1.5 2 .1
N o n fa rm ___________ ______________________ 1 ,1 8 4 ,38C 1 ,1 2 0 ,17c 64,207 1 .7 1.7 2 .1
P u b lic s tr e e t a n d h ig h w a y lig h tin g ________ 72,511 65,537 6,074 3 .9 4 .1 2 .0
O th e r sales t o p u b lic a u th o r itie s ___________ 36,991 34,260 2,731 1 .0 1 .6 1 .6
S ales t o r a ilro a d s a n d ra ilw a y s :
S tre e t a n d i n te r u r b a n r a i l w a y s ._________ r 40,016
\ 53,676 } 613 I 9 E le c trifie d s te a m -ra ilro a d d iv is io n s______ 1 12,14f l - t } “
I n te r d e p a r tm e n ta l.............................. ..................... 3,958 2,127 1,820 1.2 1.1 1,3
O th e r sales to u ltim a te c o n s u m e rs .................. 1,840 1,183 157 1.0 1.0 1 .2
S o u rce of ta b le s 451 a n d 452: D e p a r tm e n t of C o m m erce, B u re a u of th e C e n su s; C e n s u s of E le c tric a l
In d u strie s , r e p o r t o n E Je e trjo L ig h t a n d P o w e r I n d u s tr y ,

4 0 8 PO W ER
No. 4 5 3 .— G e n e r a t o r C a p a c it y and E n e r g y G e n e r a t e d , A l l P l a n t s ,
and E n er g y G e n e r a t e d , P r iv a t e l y O w n e d a n d M u n ic ip a l l y O w n e d
E lectr ic U t il it ie s , b y S t a t e s : 1937
BATED GENERATOR OArACITY
(THOUSANDS OF KILOWATTS)
ENERGY GENERATED (MILLIONS OF KUO-
WATT-HOURS)
DIVISION AND STATE
Total Fuel Hydro Total
Privatoly ownod and
municipally owned
Total
Privately
owned
Municipally
owned
1932 1937 1937 1937 1932 1937 1937 1937 1937
United States_______ 34,623 38,481 25,883 10, 598 79,657 121,097 115,173 109,920 6,264
Now England......................._ 2,839 2,758 1,638 917 6, S30 7, 577 7, 337 7,202 185
Maine................................ 265 260 57 202 702 1,033 847 845 2
New Hampshire................ 283 290 62 237 081 700 760 767 3
Vermont and Rhode Island1..............................
432 406 239 165 811 1,293 1,264 1,246 20
Massachusetts................... 1,156 1,210 662 218 2,168 2,862 2,828 2,735 92
Connecticut.................— 503 579 485 94 918 1,630 1,638 1.621 18
Middle Atlantic__________ 8,271 8,838 7,328 1,610 20, 341 29.776 29,354 29,142 213
New York____ ________ 4,678 4,837 3,723 1,114 10,977 16,683 15,238 15,108 129
New Jersey.......—---------- 1,002 1,067 1,064 2 2,991 3,708 3,681 3,004 17
Pennsylvania.................. 2.631 2,034 2,640 394 8,374 10,486 10.436 10,369 07
East North Central________ 8,247 8,289 7,694 696 18,106 28,592 28,188 26,946 1,192
Ohio__________ _______ 2,146 2,170 2,167 12 4,809 8,070 8,070 7,644 426
Indiana...................... :----- 688 1,038 1,003 35 2,423 3,737 3,736 3,449 287
Illinois............................... 2,606 2,397 2,350 47 5,447 8,000 7,863 7,740 123
Michigan........................... 1,067 1,754 1,395 359 8, 533 6,028 5,774 5,510 258
Wisconsin.......................... 850 920 670 241 1,835 2.697 2,690 2, 507 99
West North Central___—___ 2,618 2,728 2,989 439 5,558 7,665 7,646 6,736 809
Minnesota......................... 477 616 391 125 005 1,481 1,481 1,344 136
Iowa.................................. 600 608 475 133 1,483 1,887 1,879 1,701 118
Missouri................-.......... 717 768 609 157 1,214 1,871 1,871 1,740 121
?n ?a 78 140 201 201 191 9
South Dakota__________ 67 77 72 6 87 145 145 110 34
Nebraska_____________ 262 270 257 12 562 704 703 601 103
Kansas_______________ 431 419 412 7 876 1,266 1,260 979 287
South Atlantio____________ 4,291 4,448 2,432 2,016 9,459 15,060 13,665 13,284 371
Delaware, Maryland, and
District of Columbia i__ 857 845 573 271 2,232 2,966 2,966 2,934 32
Virginia.............................. 406 436 342 97 962 1.639 1,010 1,663 47
Wost Virginia____ ____ _ 639 639 538 101 1,442 2,834 2,829 2,829
North Carolina_________ 1,005 662 340 653 1,661 3,216 1,875 1,805 70
South Carolina_________ 643 676 138 538 1,295 1,752 1,723 1,716 7
Georgia.............................. 475 484 142 841 1,209 1,759 1, 730 1,724 13
Florida............. ................. 363 373 359 14 607 915 915 714 201
East South Central____. . . . . . 1,430 1,868 756 1,102 2,994 5. 585 4,694 4,492 102
Kentucky.......................... 340 348 238 105 082 895 892 858 34
Tennessee.......................... 426 526 208 318 1,050 1,841 1,260 1,241 25
Alabama............................ 649 923 244 079 1,210 2,772 2,360 2,347 12
Qfl 05 05 52 78 78 46 32
West South Central__ . . . .__ 1,792 1,791 1,690 102 4,308 6,464 6,391 6,098 224
Arkansas........................ 153 161 95 07 156 279 262 238 25
Louisiana........................... 329 328 328 ___ 1,172 1,731 1,688 1,622 00
Oklahoma.......................... 843 336 335 2 725 1,108 1,105 1,025 80
Texas................................. 968 966 933 33 2.256 3,340 3.335 3,211 124
Mountain____ . . . . _______ 1,167 1,686 601 1,162 2,347 5,782 4,001 3,879 122
Montana______________ 318 278 12 266 636 1,319 1,318 1,317 1
Idaho________________ 208 260 5 255 473 974 876 854 21
Wyoming........................ 36 03 47 16 75 • 102 79 76 4
Colorado.______ _____ 221 228 163 65 437 682 676 615 61
Arizona and New Mexloo i_ 223 300 177 128 413 904 493 489 4
Utah.................... ............. 137 160 69 92 276 620 515 484 31
Nevada_______________ 13 308 28 340 38 1.223 45 45 «
Paciflo____ _________ ____ 4,129 4,113 1,457 2,657 11,415 14,086 14,158 12,142 2,016
Washington____ _______ 883 1,006 206 801 2,545 3,693 3,665 2,855 810
Oregon.............................. 382 371 181 160 900 1,303 1,374 1,317 57
California........................ 2,864 2,736 1,071 1,666 7,901 9,599 9,119 7,970 1,148
• Combined to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments.
1 Less than 500,000.
Souroo: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Electrical Industries, report on
Electric Light and Power Industry.

ELECTRIC LIGHT AND POWER 4 0 9
No. 4 5 4 .— E l e c t r i c L i g h t a n d P o w e r I n d u s t r y — O u t p u t , S a l e s , R e v e n u e ,
a n d C u s t o m e r s : 1926 t o 1939
1926 1930 1935 1037 1938 1930
Current generated____ million kilowatt-liours— 67,990 88,692 92,611 116,100 109,691 132,463
Sales to ultimate consumers......................do___ 66,089 74,900 77,690 99,440 93,894 100,087
Farm service..................................................... 723 1,789 1,692 % 389 2,628 3,320
Residential service......... .................................. 6, 727 10,702 13,496 10,876 18,401 19,740
Commercial servioo.......................................... 4 1 ,4 7 7 64,092 54,453 71,104 03, 210 73,000
All other........................................ .................... 7,163 8,323 7,955 9,077 9,089 10, 018
Revenue from ultimate consumers.1,000 dollars.. 1, 620,169 1,990,966 1,911,989 2,180,788 2,168,495 2,293,644
Farm service....................................................... 21, 687 46,090 48,405 07,947 75,940 94,000
Residential service............................................. 409,272 042,270 073,526 740,219 778,003 795,584
Commercial service........... ............................... 903,594 1,142,000 1,050,320 1,219,897 1,155,228 1,242,078
All other...................................... ........ ............... 125,055 159,924 139.739 152,724 159,318 161,382
Customers on December 31st......... thousands.. 20,295 24,556 26,313 27,104 27,851 29,104
Farm ...................................... —........................ 309 650 789 1,242 1,407 1,780
Residential..................................................... 16,510 19,880 20,440 21,098 22,110 22,813
Commercial........................................................ 3,437 3,972 4,015 4,151 4,231 4,400
All other......... -................................................. 33 63 62 74 103 105
Source: Edison Electric Institute, Now York, N* Y.f annual statistical bulletin.
No. 4 5 5 .— A v e r a g e T y p i c a l B i l l s f o r S p e c if ie d Q u a n t i t i e s o f E l e c t r i c
E n e r g y i n C i t i e s o f 5 0 ,0 0 0 P o p u l a t i o n o r M o r e : 1924 t o 1940
N ote,—TLe 25, 100, and 250 ldlowatt-hour consumptions wore choson to represent the typical usage, respectively,
of residential consumers who use olotrieity for lighting and the operation of small appliances oniy;
for lighting, small applianeos, and refrigeration; and for lighting, small appliances, refrigeration, and
cooking
DATE
AVERAGE BILL IN DOLLARS
FOB,—
AVEBAGE BILL IN CENTS PER
KILOWATT-HOUR FOR—
INDEX OF AVERAGE BILL
(JAN. 1» 1038=100) FOR—-
25 kw.-
hrs.
100 kw.-
brs.
260 kw.-
hrs.
26 kw.-
lirs.
100 kw.-
hrs,
250 kw.-
hrs.
26 lCW.-
brs.
ioo kw.,
brs.
250 kw.-
bra.
Oot. 1,1024 ' .......... 1.92 0.18 13.30 7.7 6.2 6.3 122.3 138.9 149.1
Oct. 1, 1026 1.......... 1,88 6.00 12.96 7.5 6. Q 5.2 119.7 134.8 144.6
Oct. 1,1020 i.......... 1.86 5.86 12.57 7.4 5.9 6.0 118.5 131.6 140.3
Oot. 1, 1927 1.......... 1,81 6.58 11.04 7.2 5.6 4.3 115.3 125.4 133.3
Oot. 1,1028 1.......... 1,76 6.34 11.25 7.0 5.3 4.5 112.1 120.0 125.6
Oct. 1, 1929 1........... 1.73 5.13 10.00 6.9 6.1 4.3 110.2 115.3 110.3
Oot. 1, 10301........... 1.70 4.98 10.38 6.3 5.0 4.2 108.3 111.9 116.8
Oot. 1.103U ........... 1.69 4.72 9.58 6.8 4.7 3.8 107.6 106.1 106.9
Oct. 1,19321........... 1.67 4.60 0.42 6.7 4.7 3.8 106.4 104.5 105.1
Oot. 1, 10331........... 1.63 4.58 0.20 0.5 4.6 3.7 103.8 102.9 103.3
Oct. 1,10341........... 1.58 4.47 8.98 6.3 4.5 3.6 100.6 100.4 100.2
Jan. 1 ,1935 i........... 1.67 4.45 8.96 6.3 4.5 3.6 100.0 100.0 100.0
Ja n .1,1935a........... 1.60 4.47 8.90 6.3 4.5 3.0 100.0 100. Q 100.0
Jan. 1, 10361.........- 1.53 4.21 7.85 0.1 4.2 3.1 95.6 94.2 88.2
Tan. 1, 1937 >........... 1.45 4.10 7.51 5.8 4.1 3.0 90.6 01.7 84.4
Jan. 1, 1038 >........... 1.43 4.03 7.34 5.7 4.0 2.9 89.4 00.2 82.5
Jan. 1, 1930 *........... 1.40 3.06 7.21 5.6 4.0 2.0 87.5 88.6 81.0
Jan. 1, 1940J........... 1.36 3.88 7.05 5.4 3.9 2.8 85.0 80.8 79.2
>Average hills are for a sclootod group of 150 cities.
* Average bills are for all cities of 50,000 population or m o ro . Index numbers are adjusted to be comparable
with earlier years.
Source: Federal Power Commission, reports on rates
267706°—41------28

4 1 0 POWER
No. 4 5 6 .— N et M onthly Bill for Spec ified Quantities of E lectric
E nergy, B ased on Rates as of D e c. 15, 1938 and 1939, by C it ie s
[P=Private utility; M—Municipal plant; prices are based on average consumption for a 5-room house]
Lighting
and small
energyconsuming
appliances
DEC. 15, 1038 DEO. 16, 1930
Lighting,
small
appliances,
and roirigorator
Lighting,
small
appliances,
refrigerator,
and range
Lighting
and small
energyconsuming
appliances
Lighting,
small
appliances,
and refrigerator
Lighting,
small
appliances,
refrigerator,
and range
25 kw.-hrs. 100 kw.-hrs. 250 kw.-hrs. 25 kw.-hrs. 100 kw.-hrs. 250 kw.-hrs.
Atlanta:
Immediate____________ P $1.45 $3.95 $6.57 $1.45 $3.95 $6.57
Inducement!________„_P 1.22 3.85 6.67 1.22 3.60 6.12
Baltimore______ ________ P 1.13 3.00 8.20 LOG 3.78 7.08
Birmingham____________ p .98 3.20 6.95 .81 2.75 6.13
Boston_______________ __p 1.65 5.10 9.60 1.55 5.10 9.60
Bridgeport____ _______ __P 1.31 4.03 7.28 1.31 4.03 7.28
Buffalo______ ________ 1.13 3.06 6.31 1.13 3.08 5.31
Butte...............................__p 1.65 4.43 7.93 1.50 4.26 7. 75
Charleston, S. 0 ________ P 1.50 4.20 8.82 1.45 3.93 6. 07
Chicago................................ P 1.34 3.65 6.05 1.34 3.06 6.05
Cincinnati........................., p 1.00 2.50 4.75 1.00 2.50 4. 75
Cleveland............................P 1.00 3.75 7.25 1.00 3.75 7.25
M .85 2.80 5.55 .80 2.65 5.40
Columbus..........................,_P 1.25 4.50 8.50 (9 (!) CO
M 1.00 3,80 8.30 1.00 3.80 8.30
Dallas................................,_F 1.0(1 3.01 7.51 1.00 3.01 7. 51
Denver3........................... ,_P 1.53 4.90 0.49 1.28 4.40 8.47
Detroit43............................. P 1.39 3.48 6.06 1.39 3.4B 6. 05
Fall River.........................._F 1.68 4.98 9.13 1.58 4. 98 9.13
Houston............................. p 1.20 3.83 7.08 1.01 3.68 6.83
Indianapolis..........................P 1.38 4,00 7.10 1.25 3.85 6.95
Jacksonville................ ........M 1.50 4, CO 7.60 1.50 4.00 7. 00
Kansas City 3..................... P 1.28 3.83 7.65 1.28 3.83 7. 05
Little Rock3.....................__P 1.79 5.10 8.67 1.51 4.18 8.2G
Los Angeles.......................M 1.10 2.97 5.10 1.10 2.97 5.10
Louisville4_______ ______ p 1.03 3.01 0,70 1.03 3.61 6.70
Manchester, ____ _____ _ p 2.00 5.00 8.00 2.00 5.00 8.00
Momphls6............................. .8(1 2.83 6.75 .86 2.88 5.75
Milwaukee____________ _ p 1.41 3.35 6.23 1.41 3.35 6.23
Minneapolis___________ p 1.19 3.56 6.65 1.19 3.66 6.05
Mobile:
Present..........................._ P 1.45 3.95 6.58
Objective1.........................P 1.20 3.50 6.13
} 1.20 3.50 6.13
Newark____ ___________ p 1.8X 4.39 8.64 1.81 4.39 S. 64
New Haven___________ „ p 1.31 4.03 7.28 1.31 4.03 7.28
New Orloans__________ W_P 1.58 4.80 8.50 1.50 4.40 8.10
New York:4
Bronx___ __________ __P 1.71 4.86 8.24 1.71 4.86 8.24
Brooklyn..........................P 1.71 4.80 8.24 1.71 4.80 8. 24
Manhattan........................P 1.71 4.86 8.24 1.71 4.80 8.24
Queens.............................P 1.71 4.86 8.24 1.71 4.86 8.24
P 1,97 0.14 10.77 1.61 4.81 8. 03
Richmond..........................P 1.75 5.05 8.14 1.75 5.05 8.14
Norfolk................................P 1.25 4.63 7.63 1.25 4.25 7. 50
Omaha..................................P 1.19 3.88 7.78 1.02 3.64 7.42
Peoria...................................P 1.25 3.31 6.09 1.2S 3.34 0.00
Philadelphia.........................P >1.43 a 3.34 ! 6.00 1.40 3.03 6,18
Pittsburgh............................P 1.25 4.00 7.50 1.25 4.00 7, 60
Portland, Maine.................. P 1.85 4.70 7.70 1.85 4.70 7.70
Portland, Orog.7...................P 1.25 3.37 6.07 1.25 3.37 6.07
Providence.......................... _P 1.70 5.50 9.50 1.64 5.00 9.25
Richmond________ _____ p 1.25 4.63 7.63 1.25 4.25 7.50
Rochester_______ _____ P 1.59 4.41 7.83 1.59 4.41 7.83
St. Louiss*_____________ P 1.21 3.20 6.35 1.21 3.20 0.36
P LOO 2.91 5.81 1.09 2.01 5.81
St. Paul.............................. _P 1,25 3.76 7.00 1.25 3.75 7.00
Salt Lake C ity«...................P 1.63 3.83 7.14 1.38 3.83 7.14
San Francicso___________ P 1.30 3.09 5.89 1.23 2.00 5.70
Savannah_______________P 1.62 4,57 7.07 1.45 4.20 6.05
Scranton_______________P 1.25 3.85 7.10 1.25 3.85 7.10
Seattle___ ___________ „P 1.26 3.20 6.08 1.13 3.00 5, 63
M 1.25 3.20 6.10 1.13 3.00 • 6.03
Springfield, HI-------------- _P 1,25 3.02 5,22 1.25 3.02 5.22
M 1.25 3.02 4.80 1.25 3.02 4. 80
■Washington______ ______ P .08 2.85 6.10 .08 2.71 5.01
i Rate designed to encourage greater use of olectricity.
J Data not available.
3 Includes 2-percont sales tax. 4Includes 3-percent sales tax. *Inoludes free lamp-renewal service*
* Private utility taken over by municipal company Juno 27, 1939.
7Reports from 2 companies with identical rates.
Source; Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics- Figures published in December Retail Prices.

WATER POWER
4ii
N o . 4 5 7 .— W a t e r P o w e r , D e v e l o p e d a n d P o t e n t i a l : 1921 t o 1940
Note.—In thousands of horsepower. Data tor developed water power cover capacity of actual installation
of water wheels and turbines in plants of 100 horsepower or more. Potential power flguresjiire 1936revised
estimates showing the 24-bour horsepower available 00 percent of the time and 50 percent of the time
at an over-all efficiency of 70 percent at all developed and undeveloped sites. Data for potential power
are not directly comparable with those lor developed power, because developed power is usually given
in terms of the oapaclty of installed water wheels or turbines, which may be several times the potential
power available 00 percent of the time. Probably with complete development of the water-power
resources of the whole country the installed capacity would amount to 80,000,000 horsopowor or more
DIVISION AND STATE
DEVELOPED WATER POWER (CAPACITY OF ACTUAL INSTALLA­
TION)
November
1921
March
1926
January
1930
January
1935
January
1938
January
1939
January
1940
POTENTIAL WATER
POWER AVAIL­
ABLE—
60 percent
of
the time
60 percent
of
the time
Continental XT. S....... 7,927 10,048 13,808 16,076 17,265 17,949 18,600 42,753 67,184
New England_________ 1,311 1,399 1,643 2,006 2,004 2,005 1,971 988 1,641
M aine........................... 450 477 541 610 593 003 612 524 806
New Hampshire.......... 229 243 278 575 477 475 486 167 293
Vermont...................... 130 168 200 192 274 287 270 115 103
Massachusetts............. 338 344 362 422 441 439 393 125 211
Rhode Island............... 30 30 30 29 28 28 28 5 13
Connecticut_______ 134 136 172 173 191 173 182 52 125
Kiddle Atlantic............... 1,479 1,968 2,113 2,466 2,436 2,420 2,432 4,896 6,242
New York.................... 1,292 1,714 1,805 1,886 1,858 1,847 1,850 4,296 6,184
New Jersey.................. 17 19 18 17 16 16 17 32 60
Pennsylvania.............. 170 226 291 503 562 563 665 567 998
East Worth Central_____ 739 886 1,076 1,189 1,180 1,224 1,219 869 1,640
Ohio........................ ... 29 30 30 23 23 26 25 31 77
Indiana........................ 27 61 65 65 53 63 53 60 159
Illinois................-........ 85 87 95 88 85 89 93 214 497
Michigan..................... 267 305 379 477 515 627 535 270 400
Wisconsin.................... 331 413 517 646 603 629 613 294 607
West North Central____ 444 516 551 750 940 833 870 1,172 1,884
Minnesota_________ 205 263 287 272 208 265 203 210 388
Iowa........................... 173 177 181 183 178 179 207 00 232
Missouri....................... 18 20 23 235 236 236 247 420 676
North D akota-----,.- w CO 0) (i) 61 09
South Dakota.............. 18 10 19 20 20 20 io 211 278
Nebraska..................... 15 21 24 24 124 120 120 101 138
Kansas......................... 15 14 10 10 14 13 13 73 103
South Atlantio-............... 1,082 1, 594 2,967 3,173 9,224 3,271 3,407 2,936 4,058
Delaware...-................ 3 8 1 1 1 1 1 2 6
Maryland..................... 7 7 410 404 404 405 405
Dist. of Columbia....... 1 1 6 0 6 0 6
Virginia........................ 104 118 120 154 151 109 278 403 049
West Virginia............ 15 15 80 227 272 301 308 563 786
North Carolina........... 330 535 947 980 947 948 954 582 818
South Carolina........ 330 507 574 811 837 836 838 477 752
Georgia......................... 280 400 473 569 584 583 595 022 729
Florida........ ................ 7 0 25 20 22 22 22 27 84
East South Central........... 241 392 1,199 I, 303 1,608 1,717 1,885 2,620 3,761
Kentucky................. . 1 1 145 145 141 154 151 330 543
Tennessee.................... 127 100 170 291 423 519 588 1, 280 1,800
Alabama....... .............. 113 224 845 867 1,044 1,044 1,145 880 1,280
Mississippi................... 124 138
West South C entral--___ 18 31 49 150 150 197 198 764 967
Arkansas...................... 1 10 16 95 95 95 ’ 95 388 518
Louisiana.................... 70 74
Oklahoma.................... 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 120 175
Texas,--....................... 13 H 31 53 53 100 100 180 200
Mountain..___ ______ _ 827 637 1,185 1, ISO 1,758 2,084 2,357 10,775 19,031
Montana...................... 844 300 419 428 431 fill 607 1,300 1,853
Idaho........................... 224 209 358 342 364 388 300 2,706 3,088
Wyoming..................... 8 8 19 23 24 24 70 671 838
Colorado...................... 92 91 98 102 105 110 i n 047 861
New Mexico................ 1 2 2 2 2 1 56 124
Arizona........................ 89 40 120 137 195 106 427 3,710 3,810
U tah..........-............ 100 115 150 144 150 142 142 1,600 1,590
Nevada........................ 13 14 14 13 481 712 700 279 277
Pacific_______________ 1,789 2,888 3, S66 3,851 4,065 4,192 4,181 17, 734 23, 960
Washington ................ 451 801 700 1,037 1,254 1,258 1, 213 8, 708 12,021
Oregon......................... 185 244 209 363 367 493 515 4,801 5, 95G
California..................... 1,140 1,531 2,301 2,450 2,444 2, 441 2,433 4,005 5, 083
Outlying areas:
40
Puerto Rico................. 16 W 0 38 43 72 174
■Less than 500. ! Not available. >Capacity in 1028.
,„S?uroa; ?iS‘uif3s,f < j r 7 an

id. PUBLIC HOADS AND MOTOR VEHICLES
N o. 4 5 8 .— R u r a l R o a d s— M i l e a g e , F u n d s A v a i l a b l e , a n d D i s b u r s e m e n t s ,
1921 t o 1939, a n d C o n s t r u c t i o n U n d e r F e d e r a l A id , 1930 t o 1939
N ote.—Figures cover continental United States, except as noted, and refer to calendar years for most
States. Mileage data included for 1921 and 1926 were obtained from county records; figures for 1929 and
1930 include some estimates. No data available for county and township roads after 1930, except for thoso
under State control
ITEM 1921 1926 1929 1930
ALL RURAL ROADS
Total mileage at end of year........................ 2,941,294 3,000,190 3,024,238 3,009,066
Earth roads........................................... 2, 553, 534 2, 450,128 2,301, 708 2, 315,607
Surfaced roads....................................... 387, 700 550, 064 662,436 693, 550
Low type1...................................... 340, 583 467, 077 549, 981 507,851
High type1..................................... 347,177 82,087 112,454 125, 708
Total mileage built during year__....______ 110, 976 116,413 78,003 87, 717
Earth roads (graded and drained)......... 5 69,804 60, 050 23,128 24, 370
Surfaced roads1..................................... 41,172 50, 354 54,375 03, 347
Low type1...................................... 33,083 46. 746 42, 548 48, 307
High type1.................................... «8,089 9,608 12, 827 14,950
Funds available for rural road purposes, all authorities3 (1,000
dollars)................................................. 71,109,896 1,640,451 2,042,400 2,302, 040
Motor vehicle fees, gasoline taxes.......... 119,915 436,449 687, 730 802,938
Other taxes and appropriations............. 415, 747 401,194 500,908 537,951
Proceeds of bonds.................................. 434, 573 272,422 271, 864 310, 973
Federal aid»......................................... 77,467 79.163 77, 673 92,403
All other sources................................... ’ 02, 205 361, 224 444, 324 402, 326
Disbursements for rnral roads and bridges, all roads, by all
authorities (1,000 dollars)......................... 1,027,463 1,276,698 1,615,519 1, 385,861
Highway purposos—
Construction................................... 622,172 621,893 813,982 1,009, 712
Maintenance................................... 250, 559 338. 853 433, 538 475,012
Other expenditures......................... 121, 372 203, 002 197,148 194,809
All other disbursements........................ 33,389 112,950 170, 850 205. 357
ITEM 1930 1035 1036 1037 1938 1939
Total mileage of State highway Bystems at
end of year •................. ......-_________ 384,496 ‘“331, 867 io 340,160 u 327,162 10 826,852 o')
Earth roods.................................... 98,275 52, 000 51,057 41,061 34,002
Surfaced roads.............................. 226,221 270,807 289,103 286,091 292,850 riii
Low type •............................... 142,109 168,282 175,408 169,327 173,369 (ii)
High typo >.............................. 84,112 111, 525 113,695 116,704 119,481 ( " 5
Total mileage of State highway systems
built during year®................................. 35,277 10 23,615 10 26,856 to 24,694 i®26,487 (ii)
Earth roads (graded and drained). 7,813 2,812 2,971 1,489 1,045 (it)
Surfaced roads

STATE-HIGHWAY MILEAGE 4 1 3
N o. 4 5 9 .— State-H ighway Systems— Mileage of Rural R oads and op
Urban E xtensions as op D eo. 31, 1938, and R ural Mileage S urfaced,
1937 and 1938
DIVISION AND STATE
EXISTING MILEAGE, END OP 1938
Rural Primary systems of rural State highways
roads
and
Non-
Surfaced roads
urban
extensions
1 roads
Total
sur-
faced
Total
Low High
ty p e3 ty p o 2
MILEAGE SURFACED ON
P R IM A R Y SY STEM S
(KUBAL) d u r in g —
1937,
totals
T otal1
1938
On
earth
roads *
Continental TJ, S____ 645,084 326,852 34,002 292,850 173,369 119,481 23,205 24,422 6,260
New England— ......... ........ 19,666 11,058 193 10,865 5,920 4,945 289 249 76
Maine................ - 18, 771 2.748 109 2,639 1,924 715 99 81 16
i 3, m 1,426 1,426 073 453 19 33 4
1,848 1,700 1,700 1,336 364 63 62 5
1,878 61,878 1,878 137 1,741 537 8 3
781 086 '6 8 6 222 464 19 16 4
Connecticut ................ 2,793 2,620 84 2,636 1,328 1,208 62 64 47
Middle Atlantic--------------- 66,908 28,167 2,075 26,002 6,717 10,875 1,010 919 89
New York..................... 14,801 13,991 1,339 12,652 2,243 10,409 607 448 42
1,593 1,235 1,235 32 1,203 33 15 7
Pennsylvania................ UO, 514 12,941 736 12,205 4,442 7,763 470 456 40
East North Central________ 61,133 53,866 1,184 52,782 22,866 29,916 5,144 5,757 351
Ohio................— .......... 18,636 16,223 155 16,068 0,231 6,837 595 1,674 8
Indiana.......................... 10,994 10,121 461 9.660 4,682 6,078 648 845 25
Illinois.......................... 11,887 10,075 6 10,070 185 9,885 264 303 220
Michigan...................... 0,390 8,356 645 7,810 3,844 3,066 548 508 46
Wisconsin...................... 1 0 ,32C 9,102 18 9,174 5,024 4,160 3,189 2,367 62
West North Central.-.____ 68,342 58,400 3,784 54, 616 30,827 14,789 3,041 4,398 SOI
Minnesota..................... 11,300 10,948 426 10,522 7,748 2,774 1,025 755 67
Iowa............................... 9,566 8,542 91 8,451 3,341 5,110 520 550 137
Missouri........................ i 15,484 6 8,292 79 8,213 4,208 3,015 8 477 8 200 58
North Dakota............... 7,388 7,190 1,091 0,000 6,076 23 185 497 68
South Dakota............... 6,050 5,851 910 4,032 4,604 268 205 449 148
Nebraska....................... i 8, 027 8,228 396 7,832 6,745 1,087 810 051 200
Kansas........................... 9,802 9,349 782 8,607 6,955 1,612 653 1,290 213
South Atlantic................. 171,703 55,207 7,714 47,403 27,264 20,239 2,910 3,529 1,411
l 3,883 1,921 1,921 656 1,265 208 211 104
4,103 4,063 4,053 1,264 2,780 78 57 44
124
Virginia--..................... 145, m 4 9,336 938 8,398 4,644 3,754 ‘ 390 5, 704 3,407 16 8,481 1,777 1,704 406 644 290
West South Central----------- 67,008 42,282 6,814 86,468 21,406 15,063 5,093 2,931 1,445
Arkansas........................ 9,280 8,761 044 7,807 6,200 1,598 218 180 38
Louisiana....................... 117,819 3,794 21 3,773 824 2,940

4 1 4 PUBLIC HOADS AND MOTOR VEHICLES
No. 460.— Highways U nder S u p erv isio n op S ta te H ighw ay D ep artm en ts—
Disbursem ents (Including F ed era l-A id Funds) poh, by S ta te s: 1921
t o 1939
N ote.—Figures include disbursements, whether from current revenues or the proceeds ol loans, for construction,
maintenance, interest and principal payments on highway bonds, transfers to local units, and
miscellaneous disbursements. Data beginning 1081 cover calendar years, while flguros for earlier years
for many States represent fiscal years. For tha States reporting on a fiscal year basis in 1933, the net total
disbursements (or interim and overlapping poriods between 1033 and 1934 amounted to $124,428,000
DIVISION AND
STATE
Year in
which
first
Stateaid
law
passed
1921 1930 1933 1934 1935 1936 1037 1938 1939
Thousands of dollars
N. Hampshire.
Mass’setts___
Rhode Island.
Connecticut_
Middle Atlantic..
New York___
New Jersey...
Pennsylvania.
1901
1903
1898
1802
1902
1895
1808
1891
1903
Ohio............... 1904
1917
Michigan........
Wisconsin.......
1905
1905
1911
Minnesota___ 1905
1904
North Dakota.
South Dakota.
Nebraska........
Delaware........
Maryland.......
West Virginia.
N. Carolina—
S. Carolina__
Kentucky___
Tennessee___
Mississippi__
Arkansas........
Louisiana___
Oklahoma___
1907
1809
1911
1911
1911
1903
1898
1906
1909
1901
1917
1908
1016
1912
1916
1911
1015
1018
1910
1911
1917
Montana........ 1913
1905
Wyoming....... 1011
1909
New Mexico.. 1909
1906
Utah............... 1909
1911
Washington_ 1005
1913
California....... 1895
397,484 1,139, 677 782,006 091, 774 848, 355 1,131.151 1,166,708 1,136,122 1, 126,929
25, 910 76,418 68,896 82, 708 81,054 92,791 97,275 88,070 102, 992
6,524 17,184 10,490 12, 988 11,671 14,192 16,360 14, 523 14,069
2,360 9, 640 7,471 9,113 6,165 6,097 9, 523 7,787 8,815
951 9,013 6,511 6,905 5,920 5,915 6,570 6,889 7.092
7,864 21,026 18, 289 33,204 36,719 35,476 37,410 34,695 44,889
2,213 3, 367 5,347 5,081 3,681 10,002 6,390 7, 548 7,934
5,998 15, 288 11,788 18,417 16,80S 19, 000 21,016 17, 528 20,103
101,475 216, 236 137,259 184,343 127, 613 188,121 223,186 223,721 190, 876
36,855 73, 233 42,206 60,202 54,770 68,230 04,756 01,093 76,861
15,008 47, 414 28, 377 31, 612 26,771 37,928 37,981 38,088 48,330
49,012 95, 589 06,676 02,469 45,972 81,954 90,409 93, 640 65,686
.68,512 190, 073 127,083 168,246 141,442 188,268 194,784 186, 646 182,249
15,547 47, 491 20,705 44,067 25,772 32,895 34,871 83,388 36, 631
8,110 22, 569 ‘ 8,800 21,868 17,953 26,084 21,532 22.673 20,792
15,693 48, 854 40.104 43,476 42,729 49.035 69,152 68,366 68, 549
16,744 46,136 24,272 28,428 23,653 40,885 30,021 25,228 24,571
12,417 25, 623 33,112 30, 410 31,335 40, 369 39,208 35,091 32,706
41,087 171, 732 103,289 120,126 112, 817 161, 664 134,015 121,993 107,203
7,480 39,365 17,079 22,79G 22,950 31,551 29,639 25,130 22,412
18,276 50, 007 18,122 23,586 22,239 28,616 28,450 27,373 24,239
4,727 43,921 34,603 31,650 27,661 35,316 30,128 23,626 23,894
1,080 3,992 35,074 7,160 4,911 7.522 6,002 7,497 4,558
4,738 6,015 4,509 0,818 6,728 7,079 8,121 7.558 6,685
4,830 11,087 11,124 12,825 10,370 13,140 10,017 11,589 9,448
16,845 12,878 21,291 17,949 27,830 20,108 19,221 16,967
61.181 139,904 104,379 133,014 127,216 149,795 160,027 170,057 172,293
3,765 8,402 4,138 4,40C 3,613 3,702 3,718 4,140 4,157
7,610 17,992 13,788 IS. 787 14,700 10,507, 17,661 17,966 18,852
7,114 19,189 20,669 21,688 10,790 26,284 25,086 29,300 28,118
1,877 23,308 13,521 10,556 20,406 21,316 22, 018 25,313 24.720
16,100 25,613 20,475 26,103 28,083 30,134 36.769 34,062 35,829
3,941 22,753 *8.125 13,672 12,597 15,356 19,630 22,657 17,691
9,664 12,669 14,537 12,76C 16.479 16,120 22,966 25,502 19,597
2,103 9,858 9,120 16,004 11,548 14,286 10,570 11,221 23,329
16,621 82,737 51,828 62,126 55,169 03,493 87.636 91,182 111, 184
6,757 19,407 18,109 17,805 18,806 14,373 23,784 24,830 25,117
6,328 53,278 15,367 18,472 14,100 15,711 15,984 20,657 37,823
1,036 15,379 10.711 15,716 12,197 17,546 17,131 10,880 18,667
3,500 4,689 *7,591 10,133 9,976 15,860 30,637 25,815 29,677
26,897 130,788 88,229 84,026 80,597 113,901 101,220 97,624 U0. 517
30,821 3 7, 274 12,045 16,102 16,346 18,335 16,017 16,397
29,357 25,781 16.139 19,022 29,829 19,450 25,143 24,956
5,347
17,094 21,022
49,732 42,413
4,775
16,775
20,228
47,332
14,524
40,650
14,772
40,170
11,588
33,905
15,202
42,202
8,915
60,249
27,463 47, 023 49,757 67. 636 60,088 78,760 78,944 63,032 67,237
8,640 6, 378 7,48C 12, 084 7,633 12,030 7,420 6.113 9,119
4,863 6, 637 5,193 0,593 6,105 9,115 7,880 7,203 7,064
3,440 3, 590 4,30C 5, 983 6,078 6,545 6.304 5,415 4,630
4,156 8,144 0,69C 11, Oil 7,781 15,043 23,284 18,044 14,623
3,713 9,138 7,805 10, 21C 7,350 11,642 13,956 11,507 9,798
2,948 5,233 5,491 7, 503 5,631 0,000 6,688 6,680 6,508
3,107 5,19c 6,084 7, 325 6,914 7,481 7,899 6,967 11,332
1,590 2,710 3,343 6, 018 4,587 6,104 6,103 4,143 4,064
88,339 68, 215 61,286 83, 646 72,459 104,359 91,619 89,867 82,878
9,696 15, 80C 11,032 21, 241 17,660 23,858 22,128 24.468 24,289
17,828 14, 60S 12, 00C 16,116 16,901 21,833 10,729 16,820 16,182
10,815 37, 741 37,694 47,189 37,802 58,668 49,762 48,600 41,907
i For 9 months ended June 30.
i Owing to change in fiscal year, data include some
disbursements reported also in 1932.
Source: Federal W pelts Agency, Public Roads
penditurps,
3 For 6 months ended Jane 30
‘ For 11 months ended Dec. 25.
Administration; annual statement, State Highway Ex-

STATE-HIGHWAY FUNDS 4 1 6
No. 461.— S ta te-H ig h w a y Funds A v a ila b le , by Source, and D isb u rsem
ents, by P urpose, by S ta tes: 1939
N o t e .—In thousands of dollars. Data for secondary roads undor Stato control and urban extensions of
State systems are included_________________________________
DIVISION AND STATE
Total
FUNDS AVAILABLE
Motorvehicle
fees;
motorfuel
and
motorcarrier
taxes
Income
from
Fed- bonds,
oral
fuuds1 notes,
and
othor
loans
All
other
sources3
Cont’l U. S.. 1, 532,680 841,243 189, 670 78,022 428,746 1,126,929 467,302 206,014 138,260 316,273
128,175 89,078 10,340 5,377 43,376
16,605 51,534
10,329 9,161 2,113 1,054 4,001
4,213 1,641 2,068
9,880 6,319 970 3,523 * 9 8 2
3,370 008 2,668
9,530 4,986 1,041 800 2,703
1,210 330 3,711
63,705 25,810 3,038 24,857
3,691 1,400 32,808
8,912 6,730 646 1,533
740 803 4,922
29,819 10,007 2,638 11.214
3,309 1.038 4,767
8 3 6 ,863 146,042 21,804 12,090 157,337
88,741 80,407 68,816
144,0 7 0 55,281 0,200 10,017 70,172
9,763 10,250 33,646
101,014 37,032 3,350 2,073 58,559
3,780 5,029 26,070
90.079 52,729 9,344 28,006
26,208 14,312 8,600
081,044 160, 506 20,212 91,326
35,195 20,170 61,848
49, 111 28,884 6,991 13,230
10,499 4,001 479
24,749 io;ooo 4,157 692
7,000 1.039 1,338
91,172 02,190 7,283 21,699
5.601 34,097
67,081 23,421 5,544 38,110
48, 031 26, 111 5,237 17,583
105, 810 01, 030 21,467 1,343 11,970
07, 386 21,430 3,088 2,267
20,054 18,848 3,310 1,343 3,147
20, 774 22,480 4,007 3,281]
5,103 2, 004 2,200 200
New England_____
M aine.............—
New Hampshire..
Vermont________
Massachusetts___
Rhodo Island.......
Connecticut_____
Middle Atlantic____
N ew York.............
N ew Jersey.......... .
Pennsylvania........
E. H. Central...........
Ohio.................... .
Indiana________ _
Illinois...................
Michigan...............
'Wisconsin............ .
W. N. Central_____
Minnesota.............
Iow a.................... .
Missouri................
N orth Dakota___
South Dakota___
Nebraska...............
Kansas...................
South Atlantio_____
Delaware...............
M aryland............ .
V irginia...............
W est Virginia___
N orth Carolina__
South Carolina__
Georgia..................
Florida...................
E. S. Central..............
Kentucky..............
Tennessee..............
Alabama.............. .
Mississippi............
W. S. Central........... .
Arkansas...............
Louisiana..............
Oklahoma.............
Texas.....................
Mountain_________
Montana...............
Idaho.....................
'Wyoming..............
Colorado.............. .
New Mexico..........
Arizona............. ...
U tah......................
N evada................
Pacific.......................
Washington......... .
Oregon..................
California..............
6,530 4, 341 1,747 448
10,414 0, 987 3,106 321
19.884 14,274 3,313 2,207
220, 936 138, 653 25,280 20,215 38,787
5, 720 2,831 002 1,277 1,010
26,833 15,102 3,011 6,719 2,001
2 8 ,0 3 2 24,150 3,447 420
31,709 10,234 2.030 4,274 8,605
68,251 32,354 6,590 20,301
24,000 1 2 ,1 3 3 2,000 6,283 4, 593
20,471 12,040 4,322 2,002 1,438
25, 220 21,701 2.970 453
120,487 48, 842 17,817 21,709 41,769
26,740 10,395 3,143 3,404 3,738
45,480 14, 503 4,307 2,002 23,777
20,808 10,872 4,023 300 4,713
36.450 6,572 6,244. 16,103 0,631
134,076 81, 692 25,288 9,713 17,484
20,440 12,890 6,201 2,253
32,000 15,481 2,024 7,040 0,915
0,248 11,930 2,610 05 ,8 1 0
71, 718 41, 270 14,752 2,004 13,0 2 6
78,188 34, 536 22,081 7,615 13,131
12,423 4,074 3,043 3,003 1,703
0,902 4,422 2,077
403
5,297 2,783 2,012
502
17,206 7,008 6,854 4,344
13,107 4.920 2,465 4,512 1,280
0,710 4,132 2,778
12,303 4,738 2,324 5.301
3,009 1,799 2,438
6288
88,687 74,469 16,683 8, 676
28,341 20,011 4,530 3,800
17,067 14,233 2,062 782
52, 020 40,226 8,411 3,003
DISTRIBUTION OF DISBURSEMENTS
Total
102,082
14,009
8,815
7,092
44, —
7,934
20,103
100,876
70,8C1
48,330
05,085
182.249
36,031
20,702
68,649
24,571
32,700
107,203
22,412
24,239
23,894
4,558
0,085
9,448
16.907
172,293
4,157
18,862
28,118
24,720
35,820
17,091
19,697
23,320
111,184
25,117
37,823
18,507
29,077
110,517
10,307
24,050
8,915
80.249
67,237
0,119
7.004
4,039
14,023
9,708
0,508
11,332
4.004
82,378
24,289
10,182
41.907
E x p e n d itu r e s for
State -administered
highways
Now
and
recon­
struct­
ed
roads
and
bridges3
28,064
6,547
1,809
1,835
0,081
1,403
10,429
68,822
23,200
12,651
17,505
75,036
19,992
11,349
17,
15,048
10,955
46,244
11.053
10,030
8,107
2,084
4,413
5,902
0,395
80,625
1,912
8,400
19, 014
9,028
10,110
7,729
13,100
10,003
52,227
11,051
0,400
11,504
23,173
51,086
3,800
12,621
5,706
29.053
30,666
6,430
4,115
3.273
6,910
6,450
4,261
4.274
2,831
38,233
10,182
6,150
21,942
Maintenance
roads
and
bridges
(*)
0. 988
5,041
21,763
6,012
2,845
5,046
1,290
1.601
1,941
3,418
86, 544
709
1.403
5.403
6,700
16,104
2,439
1,545
3,031
12,106
5, 508
2,401
2, 524
1,612
18,081
2,738
3,715
2,420
9.202
10,919
2,153
1,800
792
1,450
1,306
1.203
1, 380
769
16,071
3,400
3,352
9,313
Other
disburse­
Other4ments4
11,159
2,535
776 15,934
13,186 23,020
2,025 3,722
3,306 7,458
5,490 5,251
320 264
410 261
578 907
1,057 5,097
20,763 34,361
1,020 420
1,960 0,963
1,972 1,129
4,100 4,820
5,498 6,057
3,996 3,527
I , 3,561 332
807 8,888
II, 35, 599 253
1.470 7,028
4.701 24,102
3,184 1,855
1,838 3,054
20,695 20,456
6,003 3,700
5,547 3,173
784
8.471 13,623
6,747 10,015
078 858
•0 1,168
409 105
1.701 1,400
2,126 860
771 303
723 4,949
288 170
7,950 20,124
1,980 8,771
1,042 4,720
4,028 6, 024
1 Includes regular Federal-aid funds and emergency funds.
a Balance from previous year, transfers from local sources, earnings of sinking fund, and miscellaneous
revenue. 8 Includes some expenditures for administration and engineering.
4 Administration and engineering expenses not chargod to construction and maintenance, interest on
bonds and notes, net expenditures for equipment, and miscellaneous expenses.
8 Principal payments on bonds and notes, expenditures or transfers for local units, and miscellaneous disbursements.
0 Net deficit.
Source: Federal Works Agency, Public Roads Administration; annual statements on State-highway
income and expenditures.

4 1 6 PUBLIC BOADS AKD MOTOR VEHICLES!
No. 162.—Road C o n stru c tio n and G rade-C rossing P ro je c ts, F e d e ra l-
Aid and Em ergency: S ta tu s as o f Dec. 31, 1939
[All figures, except mileage data and number of grade crossings, in thousands of dollarsj
DIVISION AND STATE
Grand totaH........... 160,063 77TS6I T W
Total
cost
REGULAR FEDERAL-AID
EMERGENCY ROAD CONSTRUCTION AND GRADE-
ROAD CONSTRUCTION_____________________ CROSSING PROJECTS*___________ _
Projects under
construction *
Projeots under construction»
Federalaid
funds
available
for
now
projects
Total
allotment
o f
emergency
funds
Total
cost
Roads
80,799 985, 000 1 7 9 6 3 T b60
Grade-crossing
projects
T o ta l
cost
F e d ­
eral
aid
allotted
Mileage
Emergency
funds
allotted
Mileage
Emergency
funds
allotted
77 " 4 7 0 4 “ p 6 4
Num ­
ber 8
>2 01
“ 3 i 2
p j i
B 8 ?
S a f e ,
W
82 1 7 3 0 8
6 ,o rr 2, 526 78 6,144 46,877 46 46 131 123 2 678
717 369 17 '305 8,185 35 27 2 6
510 313 12 908 4,047 29
718 359 23 312 4,470
647 323 5 2,454 17i 421 4 4 63 63 621
834 410 8 820 4,702 7 7
1,520 758 15 1,279 7,462 42 42 26 20 121
20,694 1 0 ,082 249 3, 981 124, 276 1,061 1,050 4 249 249 1,058
11,204 5, 504 109 187 58,282 541 ' 541 2 37 37 863
4,473 2 ,235 36 970 16,681 180 180 1 40 40 38
E. N , Central................
4,057 2, 323 40 2,825 49,313 330 330 (6) 172 172 703
23,762 11, 719 490 9,667 166,802 286 271 («) 478 426 4 m
0,006 3,009 48 3,247 80,400 201 201 475 423 3 349
5,108 2, 578 • 109 1,820 25,179 24 10 « 114
4,033 2,464 01 1,243 4 5 .403 53
2,036 1,223 89 lj 595 32,255 14
4,979 2,414 153 ]' 053 24,513 3 3 1 30
W. N , Central_______ 21,179 10,478 1,266 18,964 157,802 630 553 2 691 648 6 241
Minnesota................. 4,384 2,172 192 3,037 26,766 190 105 1 182 142 2 03
Iowa...................... 3,310 1,460 1)6 592 26,766 79 77 « 146 142 1 0
Missouri...•............... 3,434 1, 074 100 3, 591 30,500 330 285 194 194 1 63
1,250 670 78 3,306 14,818 11
2 .6 8 8 1, 453 238 2 ,4 3 0 1 5 ,2 8 5 4 4 20
3,960 1,024 376 2,273 19,221 21 21 69 60 1 35
South Atlantic________
2,252 1,125
22,464 11,070
119 3,070 25,449
726 14,397 m , 0 8 i 1,271 1,256 18 1,094 1,094
48
55 2,346
Maryland..................
1,170 682 15 1,024 4,001 00
2,471 1,217 40 1,770 9,187 230 230 1 6 6 2 181
07
204
2 ,0 4 4
132
974
2
41
127
502
4,253
18,000 55 55 65 05 3
2,901 942 45 1 ,670 11,664 287 271 7 40 40 108
4,080 2 ,0 4 2 200 1,082 23,907 136 130 261 261 41 23
i ; i4o 501 38 1,838 13,992 52 52 133 133 1 174
Georgia..................... 5,219 2,610 270 4,571 25,090 511 511 10 588 588 .8 1,407
4,159 2,079 74 1,801 13,318 108
B. S, Central.................. 19,464 8,683 633 0 ,386 77,660 199 199 6 276 276 6 292
2,257 l f 127 45 2,606 18,734 20 20 1 1
2,001 1,301 50 2,578 20,892 23 23 1 183
£ 035 2,795 195 2, 201 20,816 70 70 102 102 2 40
Mississippi................ 8,071 3,459 343 Oil 17,218 120 120 5 124 124 2 02
W. S. Central................. 23.386 8,909 491 6,997 114,867 484 484 11 1,203 818 5 206
849 53C 37 303 17,10a 18 18 (#) 41
Louisiana____ ____ 11,733 2,916 37 2,289 14,890 103 103 10 w W 3 104
9,r RSI 1,422 78 2 , 52C 23,487 12 12 17
8,122 4,036 339 1,885 60,381 361 351 856 521 2 133
Mountain...................... 10,816 6,960 601 3,340 09, 041 870 664 38 148 146 6 250
Montana................... 2,412 1,366 118 3.103 17, 608 33 27 28 25 25 2 3
7«n 476 60 994 10,601 30
1,245 777 124 108 10; 300 58 68 1 1
1,478 829 38 1,003 10,387 727 727 9 212
1 ,3G8 845 78 801 13, 331 52 52 26 26 5
l ' 765 1, 251 101 485 11,080 58 58 37 37 2
TJtnh 532 50 551 9,625
], rmn 884 48 030 9,979
11,075 5, 796 205 2,622 68,695 127 127 536 275 78
3r 1, 607 20 '251 15,343 11 11 38
1,641 96 045 14,578 30
4^ 794 2,548 82 1,720 38,774 116 116 536 275 1
’ 786 '3 8 0 13 1,034 4,201
Puerto Rico.................. 1,351 669 26 '376
i As provided for by National Industrial Recovery Act, by act of June 18, 1934, and by Emergency
Relief Appropriation Act of 1935; total funds allotted include $190,000,000 for grade-crossing projects.
i Projects approved for construction are as follows: Fedoral-aid roads, 2,724 miles; estimated cost, $70,-
015,000; Federal aid allotted, $34,584,000. Emergency road construction, 6 miles; emergency funds allottoU
$369,000. Grade crossings, 55 projects, estimated cost, $1,241,000; emergency funds allotted, $1,101,000,
3 Grade crossings eliminated, grade separations reconstructed, grade crossings protected by signals, etc,
*Includes Hawaii and Puerto Rico. *Less than one-half mile.
Source; Federal Works Agency, Public Roads Administration; annual statements on status of road
construction and grade-crossing projects.

MOTOR-VEHICLE SALES AND REGISTRATIONS 417
N o. 4 6 3 .— M o t o h V e h ic l e s — F a c t o r y S a l e s a n d R e g is t r a t io n s : 1900 to 1939
N ote.—Figures for 1921 and subsequent years include data for motor vehicles of United States design
made by Canadian plants, and for motor vehicles assembled in foreign countries from parts made in the
United States. No data for motorcycles arc included
YEAR
Total
Number
(in thousands)
Trucks
and
road
tractors1
Passenger
cars
FACTORY SALES 1
Motor
trucks *
Wholesale value
(thousands of dollars)
T o ta l
Passenger
cars
Motor
trucks3
REGISTRATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS)
Total
Passenger
cars,
busses,
and taxis
tonn 4 4 4,800 4,809 8 8
1905............................ 2 5 l 24 1 40,000 38, 070 1, 330 78 77 1
1908............................ 65 64 2 137,800 135, 250 2,550 198 194 3
1000............................ 127 124 3 266,009 159, 766 5,334 312 306 6
m o ............................ 187 181 6 226,000 215, 340 9,660 460 459 10
1011............................ 210 190 11 246, 000 225,000 21,000 040 820 20
1912............................ 378 356 22 378,000 335,000 43,000 944 003 41
1933............................ 486 462 24 443,002 399,902 44,000 1,258 1,104 64
1914............................ 573 648 25 465,057 420,838 44,219 1,711 1,626 86
1915............................ 970 806 74 701,778 575,978 125, 800 2, 446 2,310 136
1916............................ 1,618 1, 526 92 1,082,378 921,378 161,000 3, 513 3,293 216
1917............................ 1,874 1,740 128 1, 274, 488 1 ,053, 500 220,983 4, 083 4,057 326
1918............................ 1,171 943 227 1, 236,107 801,038 434,100 0,147 6 ,022 525
1919............................ 1,876 1,652 225 1,736,818 1, 365,395 371, 423 7,565 6,771 794
1920............................ 2,227 1,906 322 2, 232,420 1,800,171 423, 249 0,232 8,226 1,006
1 0 2 1 .......................... 1,682 1,520 153 1,201,667 1 ,091, 752 160, 914 10,463 0 ,483 930
1922............................ 2,645 2,367 278 1, 793,023 1, 661,741 231,282 12,238 10,960 1,279
1923............................ 4.181 3, 763 420 2, 502, 033 2,274,554 317, 479 15,092 13,540 1,553
1924............................ 3,735 3,300 435 2,367,413 2,040, 707 326, 706 17,504 15,461 2,133
1925— ....................... 4,423 3,871 567 3, 015,164 2, 544, 520 470, 635 19,037 1 7 ,408 2,441
1926............................ 4,506 3,951 555 3, 214,817 2, 746,065 468, 753 22,001 19,237 2,764
1927............................ 3, 580 3,083: 407 2,700,706 2.266,633 435,073 23,133 20,219 2,914
1928............................ 4,001 4,013 588 3,162,709 2, 703, 754 459,045 24,493 21, 379 3,114
1929............................ 5,621 4,701 830 3,576,646 2, 081,142 595,504 26,501 23,122 3,380
1930............................ 3,509 2,006 603 2.126,602 1,720,652 405,950 20,545 23,059 3,480
1031............................ 2,472 2,033 434 1,426,656 1,153,908 272,748 26,814 22,348 3,466
1032............................ 1,431 1,186 245 703,045 660,781 142, 234 24,116 20,8S4 3,231
1033............................ 1,986 1,627 350 087,436 705,305 102,132 23,874 20,644 3,231
1031........................... 2,870 2,271 509 1, 537,290 1,204,376 332,914 24,952 21,532 3,410
1935............................ 4,120 3,388 732 2,187,847 1,788,635 390, 212 26,231 22,583 3,647
1936............................ 4,810 3,708 818 2,674,422 2,002,460 481,961 28,160 24,178 3,987
1937............................ 5,010 4,069 948 2,971,028 2,307,718 573,310 29,705 25,450 4,255
1938........................... 2,655 2,125 530 1,690, 250 1,331, 598 358, 652 29,486 25,262 4,224
1039........................... 3,733 2,075 758 2,418,031 1,887,536 530,494 30, 015 26,201 4, 414
i See headnote. 1 Road tractors are not included prior to 1924,
>A substantial part o! the trucks reported comprises chassis without body; hence the value of bodies
for these chassis is not included.
Sources: Automobile Manufacturers Association, New York, N. Y.; Automobile Facts and Figures.
Federal Works Agency, Public Roads Administration; annual statement, State Motor-Vehicle Registrations.
No. 4 6 4 .— P a s s e n g e r C a r s— F a c t o r y S a l e s , b y W h o l e s a l e - P r ic e C l a s s e s :
1926 to 1939
Note.—See headnote, table 463. For index numbers of retail sales of new passenger cars, see table 881
YEAR
NUMBER SOLD
Percent
of
$500 and $501 to $751 to $1,001 to $1,501 to $2,001 to Over closed
under $750 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $3,000 $3,000 ttUS>
1926.................. 13,048,843 1,633,775 1,149,301 500,608 476,675 94,915 73,738 19,931 72.0
1927.................. 3,083,360 1.030.210 967, 087 446, 603 406, 002 107,425 50,064 15,103 84.9
1028.................. 14.012,158 1,698,603 1,219,266 462,462 456,117 108,448 55,304 11,968 88,5
1929.................. 14,794,898 2, 685,114 1,317,116 387, 835 347,340 08,086 47,587 11,520 80.4
1930.................. 12,010,187 1, 754, 747 680,352 204,450 179,180 55,361 27,266 8,841 90.4
1931.................. 2,038,183 1,328,294 413,929 162,954 80,687 33,846 12,714 5,769 92.9
1932.................. 1,180,185 794,164 260,831 74,6X0 36,670 8,099 8,079 2,632 90. 0
1933.................. 1, 627,361 1,316,341 237,099 32,610 20,125 10,409 8,726 2,052 98.5
1934............... 2,270,566 1,443,357 715,989 66,223 27,576 8,301 8,879 2,161 98.78
1935.............. 3,387, SOB 1, 787,171 1,444,529 110,813 28,736 8, 716 5,413 2,428 09.60
1036.................. 3,797,897 1,910,618 1,677, 558 143,269 39,997 11, 645 4,326 1,584 09.03
1937.................. 4,068,935 1,368,018 2, 392, 415 260,2S0 31,226 11,633 4,001 1,302 99.88
1038.................. 2,124,746 320,858 1. 521,404 224,839 42,160 3, 601 2,101 663 09,91
1939................. 2,075,165 285,217 2,380,466 253,931 49,033 4,304 1,870 344 99. 97
1Figures do not agree with those shown in table 4C3 as total factory sales have been revised but not
factory sales by wholesale-price classes.
Source: Automobile Manufacturers Association, Now York, N. Y.j Automobile Facts and Figures,

4 1 8 PUBLIC HOADS AND MOTOR VEHICLES
No. 4 6 5 .—-M o to r Ve h ic l e s — F a c to ry S a l e s in U n it e d S t a t e s , b y M o n t h s :
1932 t o 1940
N o t e .—See also tablo 860
MONTH
103$ 1933 1031 1935 1930 1937 1938 1939 1940
Passenger cars1
Total__ _ 1,135,491 1,573,612 2,177,919 3,252,244 3,669,528 3,915,889 2f000,e85 2,866,796
January_______ 08,803 109,833 112,754 227,654 297,692 309,404 156,505 281,465 362,897
February._____ 94,110 00,128 186,774 273,570 224,211 296,788 130,380 243,00G 337,756
March________ 99,390 97,469 279,274 359,410 342,870 403,879 174,065 299,703 352,922
April_____ ___ 120,937 149,756 288,355 387,158 416,431 439,980 176.078 273,409 362,139
M a y ................. 157,756 180,651 273,764 305,547 384,921 425,432 154,058 237,87C 325,070
Juno_______ __ 160,338 207,597 261,280 204,182 376,337 411,414 136,631 246,704 286,040
July.......—......... 04,705 191,266 223,094 274,344 371,922 360,400 100,841 160,738 168,769
August_______ 76,907 191,414 183,500 181,130 209,351 311,450 58,024 61,407 46,823
September......... 04,748 167,376 125,040 68,097 90,101 118,071 66,100 161,625 224,470
October— ......... 35,107 104,870 84,003 213,310 190,242 298,662 187,404 251,819 421,214
November_____ 47, 532 42,366 49,020 336,914 341,085 295,328 320,344 285,252 407,091
December.......... 80,140 60,789 111, 061 343,022 425,365 244,385 326.006 373,804
Motor trucks and busses1
235,187 346,646 675, 192 694,690 784,587 89S, 085 488,100 710,496
20,641 18,992 42,912 62,174 66,250 79,199 53,823 60,703 69,382
February............ 23,308 16,319 43,482 58,655 63,331 67,405 47,151 60,22C 66,276
19,560 17,803 69,100 66,503 78,052 90,242 47.580 72,248 70,698
27,389 28,677 64,620 65,778 86,243 96,170 43,032 63,966 70,607
20,539 33,760 56,691 55,560 75,591 91,487 37,101 59,672 65,539
22,768 42,130 46,197 62.158 77,031 85,898 38,139 63,034 68,596
14,438 38,092 41,839 57,765 68,809 78,568 34,002 68,621 62.934
August............... 14,418 41,441 51.311 66,270 01,923 82,874 31,870 38,461 29,050
September......... 19,402 34,424 44,967 31,443 45,004 52,542 18,375 27,132 44,038
Oo'tobor_______ 13,596 29,813 47,988 68,733 34,446 31,214 22,018 61,678 72,009
November_____ 12,026 18,318 34,402 68,145 63,902 64,727 62,069 66,533 80,261
December.........- 21,204 29,776 42,663 61,506 73,345 81,849 62,340 78,338
l Passenger oars include taxicabs; trucks and busses include ambulances, funeral cars, fire apparatus,
street sweepers, station wagons, and road tractors.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; figures published in monthly releases.
No. 4 6 6 .— St a t e M otor- F u e l T a x e s— R e c e ip t s , 1937, 1938, a n d 1939, a n d
T a x R a t e , 1938 a n d 1939
STATE
Receipts from taxes,
licenses, fees, etc.1
(thousands of dollars)
Tax,
cents
per gallon,
Dec. 31
STATE
Receipts from taxes,
licenses, fees, etc.*
(thousands of dollars)
Tax,
cents
por gallon,
Dec. 31
1937 1938 1939 1938 1939 1937 1938 1939 1938 1939
Total. 761,998 770,060 S22,013 34 *4 4,681 4,452 4,807 5 5
13,3fin 18,679 14,776 6 6 i ; 177 I,' 202 1,' 350 4 4
Arizona............ 4,333 4,243 4,446 5 5 N ew H am p-
9,962 in, 099 10,742 6. fi 3,280 3,298 3,508 4 4
California....... 46,024 47,117 49, 811 3 3 New Jersey___ 21, 693 22,862 28,068 3 3
Colorado.......... 7,431 7,465 7,751 4 4 New Moxico--„ 4,022 4,000 4,320 5 6
Connecticut.... 0,496 9,242 9,961 3 3 New York____ 61,015 66, IBS 09, 757 4 4
Delaware......... 2,034 2,073 2,146 4 4 North Carolina 23,393 24,308 25,556 6 6
Dist.of Col___ 2,732 2,620 2,791 2 2 North Dakota.. 2,935 2,318 2,736 3 4
22,466 23,232 24,767 7 7 46,538 45,082 50,406 4 4
19,550 19,633 21,088 0 6 13,772 13,910 14,495 4 4
4,037 34,090 84,408 5 r5, 1 Oregon............. 9, SOI 39,846 310,591 5 6
Illinois............ 36.266 36,888 39,400 3 3 Pennsylvania-. 55,720 52,001 50,' 500 4 4
Indiana............ 23,497 22,770 24,318 4 4 Rhode Island.. 3,094 3,495 4,031 3 3
Iowa............... 13,047 13,234 14,033 3 3 South Carolina. 11,135 311, 494 312, 547 6 0
Kansas........... 10,236 10,168 10,179 3 3 South Dakota.. 4,155 34,112 34,023 4 4
Kentucky........ 12,671 12,531 13,830 5 6 Tennessee......... 18,938 319,320 310,832 7 7
16,000 Ifl, fi?,7 17,463 7 7 41,678 42,747 45,208 4 4
fij 550 6| 558 8 722 TTtnh ....... 424 33! 624 33l 730 4 4
9j 857 9l 929 10,638 4 4 2,323 2,530 2,679 4 4
Massachusetts 19,836 20,194 20,512 3 3 Virginia........... 16.122 16,621 •17,832 6 5
Michigan......... 29,430 827,728 329,842 3 8 Washington__ 15,282 16,431 16,006 6 5
Minnesota....... 15.493 10,570 18,813 4 4 West Virginia.. 8,406 9,307 10,423 6 5
Mississippi...... 410,222 410,181 411,309 ft 6 Wisconsin........ 19,761 19,447 20,438 4 Missouri_____ 11,217 11,636 12,234 2 2 Wyoming......... 2,500 32,608 a 2, 624 4 4
1Taxes on motor fuel and receipts from distributors' and dealers’ licenses, Inspection fees, lines and
penalties, fees for motor-fuel carrier permits, refund or exemption permits, interest on deposits, and miscellaneous
unclassified items. 1 Weighted average rate for the year. * Including tax on aviation gasoline.
1Not including taxes of $101,000 for 1037, $103,000 for 1038, and $175,000 for 1930, imposed in several counties
for sea-wall protection.
Source: Federal Works Agency, Publlo Roads Administration; annual statement, State Motor-Fuel Tax
Receipts,

MOTOR-VEHICLE REGISTRATIONS. 410
N o. 4 6 7 .— M o t o r - V e h i c l e R e g i s t r a t i o n s (C o m b in e d F i g u r e s f o r P a s s e n g e r
G a r b a n d M o t o r T r u c k s ) , b y S t a t e s : 1915 t o 1939
N ot*.—Registration periods ending not earlier than Nov. 30 and not lator than Ian. 31 are considered as
oalondar-year periods. Net numbers, exoluding rerogistrations and nonresident registrations, are givon,
so far as possible. Totals in tills table do not include, in most oasos, those official cars which are exempt
(or partially exempt) from paying regular registration fees to the States. Tractor trucks and tractors
for highway use are included beginning with 1926
division and state 1915 1920 1025 1930 1935 1038 1939
Continental V, S____ 2,445,660 9,231,941 19,937,274 20,545,281 20,230,834 29,486,880 30,016,087
New England....................... 206,609 573,321 1,290, 161 1,098,619 1,080,828 1,861.483 1.930.766
Maino............................... . 21,545 62,907 140,499 186,157 181,106 106,600 200,867
New Hampshire_______ 13,449 34,680 81,498 112,183 117,154 124,379 131,302
V erm ont........................ 11,499 31,625 69,570 86,624 I 81,613 87.402 90,713
Massachusetts........... ...... 102,633 274,498 646,153 840,200 785,672 843,789 871,936
E-hodo Island........... ........ 16,362 50,477 101,750 136,423 148,697 168,888 175,068
Connecticut___ _______ 41,121 119,134 250,669 331,026 366,827 440,335 460,870
Middle Atlantic__________ 497,227 1,474,106 3, 536,570 4,914,101 4,904,055 6,561,273 6,738,267
New York____________ 255,242 076,205 1. 025,583 2.307,730 2,330,962 2,584,123 2,655,733
New Jersoy___________ 81,848 227,737 580,554 852,850 888,202 1,000,684 1,027,747
Pennsylvania................... 160,137 570,164 1, 330,433 1,763,621 1,745; 401 1,976,460 2,054,787
East Horth Central________ 653,665 2,229,806 4,918,383 0,364, 167 6,084,502 6,823,028 7,018,418
Ohio............................... . 181,332 621,390 1,346,400 1,769,303 >1,714,027 1,870,249 1,886,984
Indiana______________ 96,915 333,067 725,410 876,763 860,650 922,788 950,842
Illinois_________ ______ 180,832 568,924 1,263, 177 1. 638,260 1, 525,817 1,780, 805 1,849,623
Michigan................... 114,845 412,717 980,010 1,328,209 1,239,431 1,408,836 1,472,311
Wisconsin....-.,.................. 79,741 293,293 694, 380 782,562 764,037 840, 291 848,658
West North Central....... ...... 499,992 1,782,948 2,941,814 3,681,901 3,496,150 3,734, 683 3,830,919
Minnesota..................... - 93,209 324, 160 660, 694 732,972 720, 903 821,241 840,050
Iowa___ _____________ 146,109 487,378 050,202 778,386 690,010 740,021 766, 412
Missouri______ _____— 76,402 297,008 (104,100 701,600 766,309 837,118 877,094
N orth Dakota................... 24,908 00,840 144,972 183,019 104,217 174, 260 170,601
South Dakota................... 28,724 m 395 108,028 205,172 179,271 180,632 189,485
Nebraska........................... 59, 000 210,000 338, 719 426,229 406,178 407,330 400,905
Kansas......................... — 72,520 294,159 457,033 594,523 55S, 100 578, 086 574,472
South Atlantic....................... 150,594 806,053 1,920,982 2, 517,073 2,666,918 3,019,977 3,213,234
Delaware....................... — 5,052 18,300 40,140 50,109 66,600 64,078 07,992
M aryland......................... 31,047 102,841 234,247 321,702 345,578 395,347 426.064
District of Columbia___ 8,000 34,161 103,002 156,676 171,404 162,863 164,673
Virginia_____ _________ 21,367 116,470 282,650 375,889 3 385,655 441,462 460.416
W est Virginia......... .......... 13,279 80,664 217,689 266,273 248.370 275,691 286,167
N orth Carolina________ 21,000 140,860 3 340,287 453,241 463,123 637,242 673,497
South Carolina________ 15,000 93,843 108,496 218,402 * 235,910 287,013 314,628
Georgia_______________ 25,000 140,000 248,003 341,580 394,096 432.360 469,440
Florida.______ ________ 810,850 73,914 286,388 327,801 356,244 423,021 451,357
East South Central._______ 48,421 357,658 878, 116 1,213,601 1,120,993 1.330.016 1,430,702
Kentucky.......................... 10.500 112,083 261,647 331,002 346,130 414,207 437,188
Tennessee_____________ « 7,618 101,862 244,626 308,259 351,808 398.624 423,956
Alabama______________ 11,034 74,037 194,580 277,140 ’ 242,670 301,000 325,472
Mississippi..____ ______ 9,669 08,486 177,202 237,094 180,289 »215,195 244,086
West South Central_______ 84,433 772,666 1,790,017 2,411,714 2, 360,468 2,330,332 2, 756,718
Arkansas....................... S, 021 50,082 183, 589 220,204 207,429 220, 391 241,425
Louisiana.......................... 11,380 73,000 207,000 276, 283 268,824 326,199 340,091
Oklahoma................... ..... 25, 032 212,880 424, 345 550,331 502,101 535.399 566,163
Texas................................ 5 40,000 427,093 975, 088 1,365,806 >1,382,104 1,648,343 1,018,039
Mountain........................... 79,520 374,476 076, 700 902, 572 868,997 1,133,472 1,135,354
Montana....................... 14,540 60,050 94, 056 135,168 149,712 171,320 180,319
Idaho.............................. 7,071 50,801 81, 506 119,077 118,266 137,851 163,226
Wyoming...................... 8,076 23,920 47,711 61, 501 60,008 80,705 82,884
Colorado____ _________ 28,894 129,265 240, 097 308,509 284,578 332,774 343,487
New Mexico................. 5 , 100 22,100 49, 111 84,160 92,457 116, 537 120,441
Arizona......................... 7,753 34,001 68,029 110, 525 103,122 128,701 131,365
Utah..............................__ 9,177 42,616 73,427 113,997 1 0 0 ,0 0B 127,004 132,871
Nevada........................... 2,009 10,404 21,169 29,646 34,858 38,424 40,771
Paciflo................................... 226,205 861,333 1,985,536 2,701,043 2,902,273 3,391,610 3,511,719
Washington___________ 38,823 173,920 328,442 446,062 453,660 523,328 635,799
Oregon______ _________ 23.585 103,790 216,653 For registration year ended Sept. 30.
' For 10 months ended Oot. 31.
* Estimated.
i» For registration year ended Judo 30.
d Includes trailers.
Source: Federal Works Agoney, Public Roads Administration; annua! statement, State Motor-Vehicle
Registrations.

420 PUBLIC ROADS AND MOTOR VEHICLES
N o. 4=68.— M o to b-V e h i c l e R e g is t r a t io n s a n d R e v e n u e s , b y S t a t e s : 1939
DIVISION AND STATE
Total
NUMBER OF MOTOR OARS
Passenger
cars, busses
and taxis
Trucks,
tractor
trucks,
etc.
Publicly
owned
vehicles,
Federal,
State,
county,
eto.
Trailers,
registered
(including
official)1
Motorcyoles,
registered
(including
official)
Registered vehicles,
private and commercial
receipts FROM
MOTOR-VEHICLE
ADMINISTRATION
Registration,
Total
receipts • motor
oars
Thousands of
dollars
Continental TJ\ S__ >31,009,870 26,201, 395 4,418,602 3304,783 U, 206,684 ■126,283 412,494 842,997
New England.............. 1,944,510 1,649,710 281,048 13,764 40,202 6,269 26, 935 IB, 409
Maine........................ 203,703 157, GO5 43, 202 2,926 «10.861 844 3,78S i 2,857
New Hampshire___ 131,003 8102, 644 28,058 « 061 6,741 821 2,962 »2,409
Vermont___ —_____ 01,407 ®» 81,137 i» 9,670 * 094 2,042 483 2,490 2.089
Massachusetts—....... 874,032 8765, 656 106,280 &2,996 14,069 950 7,028 4,304
Rhode Island______ 177,060 165, 309 19,699 2,001 747 841 2,929 2,324
Conneotieut............... 465,346 887,299 73,571 4,470 6,142 2,330 6,738 4,460
Middle Atlantic— ____ 5,813,487 5, 021, 878 716,389 76, 220 87,159 30,631 106,807 87,968
Now York____ ____ 2,689,288 2, 324,461 331,282 33, 555 48,002 13,017 48,432 44, 747
New Jersey................ 1,041,337 804,001 133,686 13, 590 7,767 5,872 21,312 14.541
Pennsylvania............ 2,082,802 1,803, 366 251,421 28,075 31,389 12,242 36, 503 28,680
East North Central........ 7,078,386 8,183, 547 834,871 50, 918 393,145 30,382 98,051 83,403
Ohio....... .................... 1,010,408 " 1,702, 701 ii 184,223 23,484 135,488 0,381 28,625 23,259
Indiana...................... 909,093 824,19G 136,646 8,751 71, 725 5,405 10,001 8,020
Illinois........................ 1,863,486 u 1, 024, 031 n 225,502 13,863 25,432 7,258 24,352 21,152
Michigan................... 1,475,016 9121,326,808 12145,503 s 3,305 154,390 4,645 22,110 18,085
■Wisconsin............ 850,178 705,751 142,007 10, 515 6,110 3,095 12,954 12,287
West North Central___ 3,862,461 3,260, 173 580,746 31, 542 248,807 10,817 43,564 S3,231
Minnesota................. 848,572 721,473 118,577 8,522 42,295 2,343 9,884 9,089
Iowa........................... 774,227 u 671,858 » 94,554 7,815 » 08,740 2,838 12,624 11, 674
Missouri............. .... 881, G40 736,485 141,000 4,852 34,374 2,317 10,220 8,690
North Dakota........... 178,161 142,523 33,978 1,660 1,003 280 1,619 1,421
South Dakota............ 102,111 169,000 30,386 2,020 22,085 404 2,165 1,031
Nebraska.................. 411,404 848,879 63,026 4, 559 43,937 1,303 2,083 2,139
Kansas....................... 575,980 a 475,856 08,016 * 1,508 5,878 1,266 4,303 3,587
South Atlantic._______ S, 274,027 2,724, 505 488, 720 60, 70S 106,009 12,601 41,817 38.590
Delaware................... 69,109 » 50,744 H 11,248 1,117 3,090 280 1,313 943
Maryland.................. 430,095 305,370 60,888 5,031. 4,727 1,625 6,538 3,802
Dist. of Colum bia... 167,426 150,955 13,718 14 2,753 890 774 1,851 i» 1,270
Virginia........... .......... 469,518 390,498 69,018 9,102 10.173 2,387 6,847 5,740
West V irg in ia -___ 292,484 237,878 48,280 6,317 3,667 1,281 6,974 4,734
North Carolina____ 687,832 486,548 86,949 14,335 44,926 1,799 8,163 • 7, 707
South C arolina..--.. 321,235 270,901 43,727 6,007 5,645 1,021 1,915 1,505
Goorgia___________ 477,713 387,489 81,051 8,273 13,807 1,626 2,620 1,612
Florida----------------- 468,615 378,116 73,241 7,258 19,172 1,809 7,090 6.196
East South Central____ 1,458,731 1,178,377 252,325 28,029 B, 963 4,613 17,917 14,443
Kentucky_________ 444,218 367,903 09,285 7,030 *88 1.279 4,900 * 3,088
Tennessee_________ 433,082 356,903 67,053 10,026 *58 1,700 6,443 91* 4,647
Alabama__________ 331,742 260.582 68,890 6,270 4,626 1,019 4,947 4,186
Mississippi...... .......... 248,789 186,989 67,097 4,703 4,191 455 2,507 * t* 2,522
West South Central....... 2.800.063 2,184,629 571.089 44.335 96.636 8,039 35,689 31.307
Arkansas.................... 246,707 181.052 00,373 4,282 10.767 579 3,140 2,084
Louisiana................... 346,820 263,188 70,903 6.720 14,087 1,344 5,309 4,524
Oklahoma_________ 506,864 467.901 08,172 0,701 14,833 1,147 6,046 4,458
Texas................. ........ 1,641,062 1,282,398 335,641 23,623 55,940 4,969 21,194 19,641
Mountain___________ 1,210,838 959.082 232,272 25.484 48,246 4,370 11,039 8.752
Montana................... 185,327 n 135,839 U 44,480 5,008 4,209 504 1,634 1.233
Idaho...__________ 156,820 121,714 31,612 3,594 21,668 624 1,399 1,139
Wyoming____ _____ 84,090 04,951 37,030 2,106 10,012 311 622 570
Colorado_____ _____ 345,884 *286,913 50,674 *2,397 1,603 1,363 2,879 2,100
Now Mexioo_______ 123,549 91,953 28,488 3,108 2,849 420 1,909 1,601
Arizona___ _______ 136,037 107,272 24,083 4,682 4,894 461 1,134 826
U tah............................. 135,935 111, 650 21,215 3,064 612 539 1,170 •1,012
Nevada_______ ____ 42,206 32,781 7,990 1,525 1,409 148 280 202
Pacific—________ ____ 3,585, 177 3,055.494 456,225 53,458 178, 978 16, 599 38, 675 28, 795
Washington_______ 546.435 450,305 86,494 10,030 21,416 2,354 4,560 2,663
Oregon___________ 376,730 30G, 581 62, 749 7,400 *140 1,709 3,409 « 2,729
California................... 2,042,006 ii 2,298,608 u 307, 982 35,416 157,414 14, 536 24,640 21, 503
' As reported, State registration requirements differ widely.
i Includes registration foes, certificates of title, transfer or reregistration fees, permits, fines, eto.; excludes
motor-tuel and motor carrier taxes.
>Includes 2,250 publicly owned motor vehicles not accounted for in State figures.

MOTOR-VEHICLE FATALITIES 4 2 1
No. 4 6 9 .— M o t o r - V e h i c l e F a t a l i t i e s in C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s :
1914 t o 1938
N o t e .—This table covers all deaths from automobile accidents, excluding deaths as a result of train and
street oar collisions with automobiles, and motorcycle accidents. Rural area and urban aroa or city population
figures shown for 1030 to 1933 and used in computing rates for these years are the latest revised
estimates. The term “rural area" includes all rural parts of the registration States excluding cities
having populations of 10,000 or more; “urban area” includes all cities having populations of 10,000 or
more in the registration States; and “cities in nonregistration States” includes only a few cities in certain
States not in the death registration area
REGISTRATION AREA
REGISTRATION STATES
Population
1914—
65,813,315
1915—
67,095,081
L916._.
71,349,162
1917 __________ 74, 984,498
1918 __________ 81,333,675
1910__
85,100,043
1920—
87, 032,592
1921__
89,102,434
1922.. . 93,860,240
1023—
97,810,104
1024—
100,082,062
1925—
102,951,099
1920-.
104,938,301
1927—
108,177, 568
1928.. . 114,258,516
1929—
116,317,515
1930—
118.472.000
1931.. . 119.479.000
1Q32-.
120.291.000
1933 L.
125.770.000
19341..
126.626.000
1935 L.
127.521.000
1930
128.429.000
1937 1..
129, 257,000
1938 i.
130, 215,000
YEAR
of Number
Rate per
100,000
deaths population
2,826
3,978
5,193
6,724
7,525
7,968
9,103
10,108
11,660
14,411
15,528
17, 571
18,871
21,160
23,765
27,066
29,080
30,042
26,350
29, 323
33,980
34,183
35,761
37,205
30, 564
RURAL AREA OF REGISTRA­
TION STATES
p0& r
4.3
5.9
7.3
9.0
9.3
9.4
10.4
11.4
12.4
14.7
15.5
17.1
18.0
19.6
20.8
23.3
24.5
25.1
21.9
23.8
26.8
26.8
27.8
28.8
23.5
Population Number
Rate per
100,000
of deaths population
60, 943,663
61, 881,753
66, 371,601
69, 646,824
79, 536,674
83, 612,508
86, 179,774
87, 592,176
92, 540,579
96, 385,407
98, 471,683
101, 111, 137
102, 991,160
106, 309,646
113, 050,603
115, 097,972
117, 249.000
118, 215.000
119, 027.000
125, 770.000
126, 626.000
127, 521.000
128, 429.000
129, 267.000
180, 215.000
2,571
3,589
4,737
6,064
7,310
7,771
8,878
9,903
11,466
14,157
15, 221
17,149
18,419
20,704
23,427
26,602
28, 684
20,658
26,033
29,323
33,980
34,183
35,761
37,205
30, 564
URBAN AREA IN REGISTRA­
TION STATES
4.2
5.8
7.1
8.7
9.2
9.3
10.3
11.3
12.4
14.7
15.5
17.0
17.9
19.5
20.7
23.2
24.5
25.1
21.9
23.3
20.8
26.8
27.8
28.8
23.5
Number
of cars
registered
(including
official)
1, 234,844
1, 775,064
2, 511,805
3, 530,268
4,715,317
5, 922,572
7,440,420
8,578,536
10, 374,093
13, 359,965
15,714,878
17,875,567
10,838,947
21,084, 564
23,126,127
25,097,556
25,350,499
24,705,328
23,085,036
24,103,969
25,210,603
26,513,491
28,619,059
30,039,892
Deaths
100,000
ears
CITIES IN NONREGISTRA­
TION STATES
208.2
202.2
188.6
171.8
155.0
131.2
119.3
115.4
110.6
106.0
96.9
95.9
92.8
98.2
101.3
106.2
113.1
120.0
112.8
121.7
134.8
128.9
125.4
123.9
102.4
Bate Rate Rate
Population
of Number per
deaths
100,000 Population Number por
of deaths
100,000 Population Number
of 100,000
per
population
deaths population
1014.................. 30,820,210 896 2.0 30,114,463 1,075 5.6 4,869,652 265 5.2
1916.................. 31,078,193 1,226 3.0 30,803,500 2,303 7 .7 5,213,928 389 7.5
1916.................. 34,762,780 1,634 4.8 31,018,911 3,053 9.7 4,977,471 466 9.2
1017—.............. 30,928, 787 2,174 5.9 32,718,037 3,890 11.9 5.337,074 060 12.4
1918.............— 41,844,499 2,368 5.7 37,692,076 4,942 13.1 1,797,101 215 12.0
1910—.............. 44,664,983 2,508 5.6 38,947,525 5,263 13.6 1,663,535 197 1 2 .7
1020_________ 44,475,230 2,757 6.2 41,704,624 6,121 14.7 1,452,818 225 16.5
1921------------- 45,070,088 3,368 7.6 42,522,087 6,635 16.4 1,510,259 265 17.5
1922.................. 48.576.329 4,020 8.3 43,066,250 7,446 16.9 1,325,661 200 16.1
1923.................. 60,867,686 5,209 10.2 45,617,821 8,948 19.7 1,430,697 254 17.8
1924—- _____ 52.047,381 6,668 10.9 46,424,302 9,653 20,6 1,610,379 307 19.1
1925.................. 33,580,742 6.509 12.1 47,630,305 10,640 22.4 1,840.862 422 22.9
1926.................. 54,880,753 7,348 13.5 48,601.407 11,071 22.8 1,047,141 452 23.2
1027.................. 66,613,922 8,452 14.9 40,695,724 12j 252 24.7 1,867.922 456 24.4
1928------------- 61,350,803 9,997 16.3 51,700,100 13,430 26.0 1,207,853 338 28.0
1929.................. 62,421,704 11,797 18.0 62,670,178 14,865 28.2 1,219,543 404 33,1
1930.................. 60,566; 200 12,193 20.1 66,772,800 16,491 29.0 1,222,800 396 32.4
1931.................. 60,302,100 12,702 21.1 57,854,900 16,956 29.3 1,264,200 384 30.4
1932.................. 61,033,400 11,304 18.5 67,824,000 14,729 25.5 1,264,200 317 25.1
1933 1................ 65,411,700 13, 267 20.3 60,281,300 16,056 26.6 p) w m
19341................ (■) 15,712 m 18,268 p> 0) M P5
1933 »— .......... p) 10,521 « 17,662 p) 0 (>) CO
1938 ............ 17,072 (>) 18,080 pi p> 0) (0
1937 1............... 18,347 m 18,858 p) p) M M
1038 i............... 16,487 p) 15,077 p) 0) m (O
i All States included in the registration area.
* Not available.
Sources: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Vital Statistics—Special Reports, Volume
9. No. 28. Federal Works Agency, Public Roads Administration; annual statement, State Motor-Vehicle
Registrations.

4 2 2 PUBLIC ROADS AND MOTOR VEHICLES
N o. i 7 0 . — M o to e - V e h ic le F a t a l i t i e s , b y S t a t e s a n d f o b L a b g e C i t i e s
H a v in g D e a t h R e g i s t r a t i o n : 1926 t o 1938
Note.—Figures include all deaths from automobile accidents, excluding deaths as a result of train and
street car collisions with automobiles, and motorcycle accidents. Rates are based on revised estimates
of population
1926-1930,
average
1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1030 1037 1033
Registration area in continental
TJ. S.:
Number of deaths...........
Rate per 100,000 estimated
population.........
NUMBER OF DEATHS
Total registration States L
23,088 30,042 26,350 29,323 33,980 34,183 36,781 37,205 30, 564
31.8
23, 579
25.2
29,658
21.9
26,033
23.3
29,323
20.8
33,980
26.8
34, 183
07.8
36,701
28.8
37,205
23.5
30,564
Alabama............................ 392 472 405 485 498 679 667 654 599
Arizona.............................. 143 149 162 147 205 205 234 249 205
Arkansas........................... 2242 313 260 280 350 384 419 361 296
California.......................... 1.828 2,367 2,198 2,233 2, 026 2,633 2,886 2,913 2,573
Colorado........................... 232 319 284 298 328 312 363 386 333
Connecticut...................... 376 457 409 452 464 477 441 426 341
Delaware........................... 04 76 79 84 81 66 84 103 73
Florida.............................. 479 518 485 494 604 604 652 715 689
Georgia.............................. 2 519 608 541 651 777 900 938 908 761
Idaho................................. 87 88 86 117 150 158 186 182 160
Illinois............................... 1,045 2,049 1,831 1.943 2,288 2,037 2,183 2,342 1,968
Indiana............................. 772 1,023 845 979 1,144 1,056 1,187 1, 253 1,028
Iowa.................................. 376 564 422 514 531 570 507 545 451
Kansas.-........................... 322 402 386 482 481 518 534 431 396
Kentucky.......................... 357 514 441 504 630 657 606 799 616
Louisiana.......................... 332 412 341 395 461. 500 560 496 490
Maine................................ 127 159 149 190 201 200 202 203 182
Maryland......................... 363 466 410 429 488 446 452 519 377
Massachusetts................... 732 S13 777 801 986 829 875 875 664
Michigan........................... 1,284 1, 407 1,143 1,196 1,416 1, 573 1, 813 2, 052 1,417
Minnesota......................... 439 622 486 525 624 585 603 610 002
Mississippi........................ 265 284 234 283 401 385 487 435 385
Missouri............................ 605 844 690 770 944 910 964 959 836
Montana........................... 100 118 96 115 198 155 168 168 136
Nebraska.......................... 224 291 212 283 293 325 290 297 212
Nevada............................. i 40 63 59 63 69 77 71 65 63
New Hampshire................ 83 100 70 135 104 128 110 146 106
New Jersey........................ 1,040 1, 229 1,105 1,147 1,186 1,156 1,094 1,260 869
New Mexico...................... 1104 05 97 102 146 154 204 204 153
New York......................... 2,628 3,077 2,813 2,784 2,903 2,783 2,647 2,969 2,453
North Carolina................. 555 650 558 725 874 965 930 1,009 858
North Dakota................... 78 110 57 101 118 107 129 111 104
Ohio.................................. 1,706 1,970 1,822 1,829 2,119 2,161 2,167 2,441 1,784
Oklahoma........................ * 433 404 437 485 584 649 633 608 510
Oregon.............................. 221 292 223 249 309 284 347 341 326
Pennsylvania.................... 2, Oil 2,412 2,043 2,190 2,439 2,295 2, 359 2, 506 1,949
Rhode Island.................... 136 116 101 97 103 106 111 121 82
South Carolina.................. 288 380 329 342 470 477 571 520 459
South Dakota................... 4112 116 101 115 119 142 123 105 139
Tennessee.......................... 409 547 474 540 672 688 758 090 559
Texas...______ _______ (») (“) 1,292 1,579 1,801 1,924 2,033 1,715
U tah................................. 109 157 115 135 178 178 180 193 186
Vermont........................... 62 71 63 70 97 81 95 91 79
Virginia............................. 413 656 561 592 747 826 792 811 674
Washington..................... 397 461 413 442 596 547 601' 537 471
West Virginia.................... 305 427 332 382 416 497 501 446 376
Wisconsin.......................... 568 731 024 627 687 762 720 801 637
Wyoming.......................... 65 98 78 87 105 100 114 131 93
CITY
Total registration cities
Akron......................
Albany............................
Atlanta.............................
Baltimore..................
Birmingham..............
14,031 17,340 15, 040 10,056 18,268 17,682 18,080 18,858 15,077
82 77 80 85 88 84 75 84 64
40 45 35 37 47 47 49 37 33
76 95 99 105 108 116 124 104 87
188 226 201 185 225 198 186 227 176
63 82 75 80 74 09 88 91 58

MOTOR-VEHICLE FATALITIES 423
' No. i 7 0 .—M otor-Vehicle F atalities, By States and fob Laege Cities
H aving D eath Registration: 1926 to 1938—Continued
CITY 1020-1930,
average 1031 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 i m
Boston................................. 138 148 151 143 166 164 166 152 113
Bridgeport_____________ 36 69 27 61 47 50 45 51 19
Buffalo................................ 156 153 132 144 151 146 150 183 112
Chicago............................... 795 953 340 882 952 770 763 814 666
Cincinnati........................... 135 149 124 143 187 163 160 176 135
Cleveland........................ __ 281 286 262 248 268 256 259 292 171
Columbus............ . ............. 09 121 90 109 120 120 126 167 80
Dallas.................................. 64 81 71 83 90 102 96 101 67
Dayton................................ 61 76 58 70 80 82 86 94 67
Denver................................. 03 86 86 97 106 91 107 116 106
Dcs Moines____________ 33 43 45 43 46 54 38 37 35
Detroit— ______ _______ 388 372 321 307 330 329 402 360 226
Flint_____ ____________ 44 63 38 56 64 77 70 99 53
Port Worth____________ 43 65 56 45 G3 63 66 60 52
Grand Rapids__________ 38 36 29 23 39 46 45 47 32
Hartford.............................. 46 55 50 55 69 53 61 34 40
Houston............................... 77 101 64 103 108 108 110 114 99
Indianapolis...................... no 156 00 124 143 139 149 128 119
Jacksonville____________ 45 56 68 65 60 66 52 CO 54
Jersey City.......................... 56 43 68 64 73 52 54 64 36
Kansas City, Kans........ 19 24 36 30 47 37 47 35 22
Kansas City, M o............... 92 137 88, 121 122 106 108 105 96
Long Beach........................ 39 60 55 55 59 49 59 59 50
Los A ngeles....................... 365 488 486 466 521 649 556 564 510
Louisville............................ 80 109 85 88 123 100 114 124 72
Memphis........................... 75 100 101 116 112 98 115 102 107
Milwaukee.......................... 114 108 97 89 79 77 80 91 52
Minneapolis____ _______ 88 114 01 08 105 124 121 78 94
Nashville............................. 51 71 72 55 65 82 98 00 63
New Haven.................... 49 51 63 46 48 62 47 54 43
Now Orleans.-.-................ 108 126 91 120 12G 134 ’ 129 111 102
New York........................... 1,191 1,299 1,163 1, Hfi 1,135 1,045 924 m 890
Newark, N. I ___________ 123 10G 98 100 90 117 106 132- 62
Norfolk........................... 27 44 36 41 40 34 36 27 36
Oakland.............................. 74 101 64 68 87 79 101 81 83
Oklahoma City____ _____ 44 55 60 62 54 64 71 64 59
Omaha............ -_________ 49 66 44 58 67 65 52 47 42
Paterson_______________ 50 62 56 57 42 67 45 40 34
Philadelphia...................... 346 354 321 367 364 303 299 340 331
Pittsburgh.......................... 193 218 159 137 143 173 169 173 133
Portland, Oreg................... 61 96 74 83 98 88 108 84 81
Providence___ _________ CO 52 61 48 40 37 66 64 33
Richmond........................... 49 90 67 71 79 87 84 88 56
Rochester..___ ________ 67 76 62 45 80 73 69 70 65
St. Louis____ __________ 177 180 156 149 173 191 171 181 115
St. Paul..............________ 61 87 84 70 90 58 69 75 61
Salt Lake City__________ 42 50 58 46 67 51 70 64 61
San Antonio__ _________ 58 63 50 68 77 68 82 . 73 85
San Diego........................... 57 66 68 70 63 78 60 62 56
San Francisco____ ______ 137 126 132 145 116 126 108 166 110
Soranton............................. 38 36 32 42 53 38 44 39 46
Seattle_________________ 85 116 80 105 147 115 124 112 103
Springfield, Mass.,______ 36 33 28 30 39 31 33 36 27
Syracuse.............................. 53 70 39 49 00 68 42 69 49
Toledo--........................— 96 120 109 89 113 99 97 110 81
Trenton_____ _____ ____ 48 56 41 56 67 55 62 50 32
Tulsa____ _____________ 339 33 34 33 52 65 48 44 37
Washington, D. 0 ............. 117 161 186 142 192 155 159 170 129
Worcester........................ 40 37 31 61 47 48 35 50 29
Yonkers _______ _______ 22 24 17 27 17 14 18 20 16
Youngstown....................... 63 09 41 52 55 77 60 80 £1
i Including the District of Columbia. All Statos were in the registration area in 1933 and thereafter.
* Average,1927-30.
3 Average, 1928-30.
* Average, 1929 and 1930.
3 1930 only.
4 Not in registration area.
7 Total covers registration cities of 10,000 or more inhabitants but only cities of over 120,000 inhabitants,
according to 1930 census, are shown separately.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Vital Statistics—Special Reports, Vol. 9,
Nos. 8 and 28, and Mortality Statistics, 1934 and 1935.

20. TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND—STEAM AND
ELECTRIC RAILWAYS, EXPRESS COMPANIES, MOTOR
BUSSES, AND CIVIL AERONAUTICS
[Bata in this section relate to continental United States unless otherwise stated]
G e n e ra l Note.—T h e term “steam railways” as used in this section includes electrified divisions operated
by suoh oarriers. T h e total steam railroad mileage of the United States comprises: (a ) Regular interstate
carriers (and their nonoperating subsidiaries) reporting to t h e Interstate Commerce Commission.
(6) switching and terminal railroads, also reporting to the Commission; and (c) private railroads (defined
by the Commission as “ circular” because they report on brief circulars and as “ unofficial”). Except in
certain mileage data the olrcular and unofficial companies are not included in any of the statistics. The
switching and terminal roads wore formerly included with operating railways, but are now separated, and
data for them do not appear in most of the tables.
Nonoperating subsidiaries inolude proprietary companies, whioh are oovered by the reports of operating
carriers, and lessor companies which have no traffic and whose reports appear only in statistics of capitalization,
dividends, and investment.
Operating railways are divided into three classes, according to the amount of their annual operating revenues,
class I, having more than $1,000,000 of such revenue; class II, from $100,000 to $1,000,000; and class
III, less than $100,000. During recent years more detailed reports are required from class I carriers than
from smaller companies. The basis of the figures in each table is Indicated by notes. Omission of class
II and class III railroads affects very little the comparability of statistics with those of earlier years as
regards most items, since the bulk of the business is done by class I.
The Interstate Commerce Commission divides railroads geographically into three districts and eight
subsidiary regions. Each railroad is treated as a unit and placed wholly in some one district or region.
Broadly speaking, the eastern districtincludes territory east of Chicago and north of the Ohio and Potomao
Rivers; southern district, territory east of the Mississippi River and south of the Ohio and Potomac Rivers;
and western district, the remainder of the country.
Class I companies make monthly reports from which data are compiled currently and published in a
series of monthly statements. The yearly totals from these reports become available earlier than the
sometimes slightly corrected totals from the final annual reports. The latest figures in these tables are in
many cases from tbe monthly reports.
No. 471.— S te a m R a ilw a y s — M i l e a g e O w n e d a n d M i l e a g e O p e r a t e d :
1890 t o 1939
N ote.—Beginning with 1908 switching and terminal roads are omitted (they operate about 2,800 miles
of main tracks). The first and second columns cover all railways, including “ circular” and “ unofficial”
lines; the last 6 columns omit “ circular” and “ unofficial“ lines. Mileage owned excludes all
duplication and covers continental United States only. Mileage operated Includes some duplication
under trackage rights and some mileage in Canada operated by United States companies
Miles o f
road (first
track)
owned
All
railways:
Road
(first track)
Road
(first traok)
MILES OPERATED
Reporting railways
Other
main
tracks
Yard
track and
sidings
Total
track
Class I
railways;
Road
(first track)
June 80,1890.
1895.
1900.
1005.
1910-
1014.
1915.
Dec. 31,1916.
1917.
1918.
1919.
1920.
1021.
1622.
1023..
1924.
1926..
1926.
1927.
1928-
1929..
1930.
1981..
1032..
1033..
1034..
1935..
1936-.
1937.
1938..
1939..
103,597
180,657
193,346
218,101
240,263
252,105
253,789
254,037
253,626
253,526
253, 152
252,845
251,176
250,413
260,222
250,156
249,398
249, 138
249,131
249,309
240,433
240,052
248,829
247,595
245,703
243,857
241,822
240,104
238,539
236,842
167,191
184,628
198,964
225, 196
249. 992
263, 647
204,378
266,381
266,015
264, 233
263, 707
263,821
262, 544
261,984
262,482
262,158
261.871
261,562
262, 091
262, 713
262, 546
262,215
261,816
260,438
268,465
256,418
254,347
252.871
251,829
249,826
248,040
166,404
177,745
192,556
216,074
240.831
256,547
257,560
269.705
259.705
258, 507
258, 525
259,941
258,362
257,425
258,084
258,238
268,631
258,815
259,639
260,646
260,570
260,440
250,999
258,866
256,741
254,882
252,930
251,642
250,582
248,474
246,022
9,760
12,348
14,076
19,881
25,854
82,376
83,662
34,325
35,066
36,228
36.730
36,894
37,614
37,888
38,697
38,916
40,962
41,686
42,071
42,432
42,711
42,742
42,780
42,556
42,397
42,109
41,918
41.731
41,579
41,589
41,445
33,711
43,181
52,153
69,942
85,582
98,285
99,910
102,984
105,582
107, 608
108, 037
109,744
111. 555
114,046
116,212
116,874
118,361
120,840
123,027
124,772
125,774
120,701
127,044
126,977
126,526
125.410
124,382
123,108
122.411
121, 261
119,983
199,876
233,275
258, 784
806,797
361,767
887,208
391,141
397,014
400,353
402, 343
403,892
406, 579
407, 531
409,859
412,903
415, 028
417,954
421,341
424, 737
427,750
429,055
429,883
429,823
428,402
426, 664
422,401
419, 228
416,381
414,572
411, 324
408,350
226,999
228,689
231,674
232,607
233,145
234,363
235,234
234,702
234,976
235,574
236,894
236,848
237,064
238,634
240,747
242,015
242,391
242,292
241,424
239,797
238,655
237,491
236,486
235,108
234,031
233,277
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of Railways in the United States.
424

STEAM RAILWAYS 4 2 5
No. 4=72.— S t e a m R a il w a y s— M il e s o p R oad O w n e d , b y S t a t e s : I860 to 1938
N o t e . — Sec headnote to table 471. The data are for the actual length of line in each State without
duplication. Figures relate to Juno 30 prior to 1920 and Deo. 31 thereafter; they include renortlne
circular, and unofficial railways, but since 1908 exclude switching and terminal roadB ’ y *
STATE 18001 18701 1880^
1890
1900
19102
1920 1030 1937 1938
United Statess. . 30,626 62,922 93,267 168,597 193,846 240,439 252,845 249,052 238,639 288,842
New England........... 3,660 4,494 5,982
M aine................... 472 786 1,005
New Hampshire.. 661 736 1,016
Vermont................ 554 614 914
Massachusetts___ 1.264 1,480 1,916
Rhode Island........ 108 130 210
Connecticut.......... 601 742 923
Middle Atlantic....... 6,840 9,709 13,832
New York............. 2,682 3,928 6,967
Now Jersey_____ 500 1,125 1,684
Pennsylvania....... 2, 598 4,056 6,191
South Atlantic.......... 6,976 7,349 9,789
Delaware.............. 127 197 276
Dist. of Columbia. to (0 (0
Maryland.............. 886 671 1,040
Virginia................. 1,379 1,486 1,893
West Virginia....... 352 387 691
North Carolina__ 937 1,178 1,486
South Carolina__ 973 1,139 1.427
Georgia................. 1,420 1,845 2,469
Florida.................. 402 446 518
East North Central.. 9,538 14,701 25,109
Ohio...................... 2,946 3,538 6,792
Indiana....... .......... 2,103 3,177 4,373
Illinois................... 2,790 4,823 7,851
Michigan.............. 779 1,638 3,938
Wisconsin............. 905 1,525 3,155
West North Central.. 1,472 6,046 19,094
Minnesota............. 1,092 3,151
Iowa...................... 655 2,683 6,400
Missouri................ 817 2,000 3,965
North Dakota___ # 65 81,225
South Dakota....... (fl) i®)
Nebraska.............. 705 1,963
Kansas.................. 1,501 3' 400
East South Central— 3, 392 4,666 8,343
Kentucky 634 1,017 1,530
Tennessee.............. 1,253 1,492 1,843
Alabama................ 743 1,157 1,843
Mississippi 862 m i , m
West South Central.. 680 1,417 6,044
Louisiana.............. 336 450 052
Texas..................... 307 711 3,244
Oklahoma______ 289
Arkansas............... 38 250 850
Mountain.................. 1,466 6,082
M ontana............... '106
W yomine_______ 4KQ 512
Colorado................ 157 1,570
New Mexico____ 768
Arizona................. 349
Utah..................... 957 842
Nevada................. 593 739
Idaho............ ...... 206
Pacific..................... 23 1,084 2,992
Washington........... 289
Oregon................... 159 508
California_______ 23 925 2,195
Alaska Territory___
Ha wai i Territory___
6,718
1,338
1,145
921
2,094
213
1,007
18,161
7,061
2,047
8,453
18,270
323
30
1,231
3,160
1,328
3,001
2,194
4,532
2,471
36,924
7,912
5,971
10,214
7,243
5,584
38,864
5,466
8.356
0,004
1,941
2,486
5.295
8,806
11,144
2,746
2,752
3,314
2,332
18,782
1,759
8,613
1,214
2,196
12,676
2,181
942
4,176
1,324
1,097
1,090
925
941
7,607
1,783
1,428
4.356
1 Represents mileage operated.
J Revised total 240,293 not distributed by States.
*Totals exclude Alaska and Hawaii.
7, 621
1,915
1,239
1,012
2,119
212
1,024
20,709
8,121
2,257
10,331
23,802
347
32
1,376
3,779
2,228
3,831
2,818
5,052
3,299
41,007
B, 807
6,471
11,003
8,195
6,531
42,988
6,943
9,185
6,875
2,731
2,850
5,685
8,719
13,343
3,060
3,137
4,226
2,020
18,221
2,824
9,886
2,151
3,360
16,808
3,010
1,229
4,587
1,753
1,512
1,547
909
1,261
10,389
2,914
1,724
5,751
22
7,"fl2f
2,248
1,246
1,100
2,115
212
1,000
21,880
8,430
2,260
11,290
29,796
335
30
1,426
4, 535
3, 601
4,932
3,442
7,056
4,432
44, 928
9,134
7,420
11,878
9,021
7,475
49, 730
8,669
9, 755
8,083
4, 201
3,948
6.007
9.007
17,074
3, 526
3,810
5,226
4, m
31, 122
5, 564
14,282
5,980
5,306
22, 956
4,207
1, 645
5, 533
3,032
2,097
1,986
2,277
2,179
14,982
4,875
2,285
7,772
390
175
7,942 7,596 6,971 8,794
2,295 2,193 1,912 1,898
1,252 1,165 1,007 1,013
1,077 1,050 901 928
2,106 2,022 1,923 1,857
211 191 202 194
1,001 969 966 904
22,293 21,752 20,869 20,573
8,390 8,312 8,017 7, 824
2,352 2,299 2,133 2,132
11,551 11,141 10,719 10, 617
32,380 31,044 30,008 29, 870
335 325 300 297
30 36 35 36
1,436 1,443 1,409 1, 388
4,703 4, 516 4,400 4,302
3,996 4,046 3,832 3,8ig
5.522 5,161 4,704 4,731
3,814 3,780 3,543 3, 502
7,326 6,071 0,426 6, 425
5,212 5,666 5,291 5, 281
44,904 43,770 41,709 41, 686
9,002 8,804 8, 530 8, 518
7,426 7,106 6,030 6,917
12,188 12, 500 12,064 12,045
8,734 8,072 7,438 7,352
7,554 7,288 0,828 6, 754
62,180 51,400 49,367 49,036
9,114 8,779 8,607 8,463
9,808 9,698 9/M3 9,082
8,117 7,897 7,425 7,337
5,311 5,275 5,200 6,267
4,276 4,238 4,161 4,127
0,166 6,174 6,106 6,092
9,388 9,339 8,707 8,667
17,754 17,452 16,461 10,408
3,920 4.054 3/728 3,713
4,078 3,940 3,689 3.669
6,378 5,249 5,082 5,0G9
4,309 4,209 3,992 3, 957
32,972 33,227 32,203 31,995
5,223 4,654 4,499 4,449
10,126 17,069 16,496 10,473
6,572 6,678 0,031 6,535
5,052 4,826 4,577 4,538
25,170 24,973 24,068 23,902
5,072 5,228 5,164 5,203
1,931 2,030 1,906 2,010
5,519 4,972 4,036 4,041
2,972 2,973 2,867 2,862
2,478 2,494 2,263 2,240
2,161 2,196 2,103 2,157
2,160 2,109 2,115 1,936
2,877 2,965 2,854 2,854
17,248 17,238 ‘ 16, 803 16,67B
6,687 5,542 5,280 6,281
3,305 3,456 3, 472 3,428
8,356 8, 240 8,051 7,870
246 790 732 732
243 232 201 209
4Included in returns for Maryland.
* Figures for Dakota.
• For total Dakota, see North Dakota.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of Railways in the United States.
207700°-—41-------20

4 2 6 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND
No. 4 7 3 .— S t e a m R a il w a y s — M il e s o f R o ad O w n e d a n d O p e r a t e d : 1842
to 1939
Ndra,—See nots to table 471. Since 1800 the columns correspond to the ilrst and third columns ol that
table. The exact basis of the data prior to 1800 is not stated. For years 1842 to 1889 and 1010 to date
data relate to Deo. 31; for years 1890 to 1915 data relate to June 30
1842.
1850.
1855.
1860.
1865.
1870.
1876.
1880.
1886.
1886.
1887.
1800.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1896.
1896.
1807.
YEAR
Owned
103,697
168,403
171,664
176,461
178,709
180,657
182,777
184,428
Operated
4,026
9,021
18,374
30,620
35,086
62,922
74,096
93,262
128,320
136,338
149,214
166,114
161,276
156,404
161,275
102,397
169,780
175,691
177, 746
181,983
183,284
YEAR Owned Operated
1898............ 180,390 184, 648
1899........... 189,295 187,636
1900............ 193,346 192,556
1901............ 197,237 195,602
1902............ 202,472 200,166
1903............ 207,977 206,314
1004............ 213,904 212,243
1905............ 218,101 210,974
1906............ 224,303 222,340
1907............ 229,951 227,456
1908............ 233,468 230,404
1009______ 236,834 236,402
1910............ 240,293 240,831
1911........... 243, 979 246, 238
1912............ 246,777 249,852
1913............ 249,777 253,470
1914............ 262,105 250,547
1915............ 253,780 257,509
1916............ 264,037 269,705
1917............ 263,020 259,706
1918............ 253,529 258,507
1919..
1920..
1921..
1022..
1923..
1924..
1926..
1926.
1927..
1928.
1929..
1930-
1981..
1932..
1033-
1934.
1035.
1930-
1937..
1038..
1939..
Owned
263, 152
262,846
251,176
250,413
260,222
250,156
249,398
249,138
249,131
249,309
249,433
240,062
248,829
247,596
245,703
243,867
241,822
240,104
238,639
230, 842
235,064
Operated
258,626
259,941
258,362
257,426
268,084
258,238
268,631
258,816
259,639
260,646
260,670
260,440
259,999
258,809
256,741
254,882
252,930
261,542
250,582
248,474
246,022
Source: Poor’s Manual of Railroads prior to 1890; thereafter, Interstate Commerce Commission; annual
report, Statistics of Railways in the United States.
No. 4 7 4 .— S t e a m R a il w a y s (C la ss I)— M il e a g e O p e r a t e d , L o c o m o tiv es
a n d F r e ig h t - C a r C a p a c it y , b y D is t r ic t s : 1920 t o 1938
N o t e .—Mileage operated includes some duplication due to trackago rights and some mileage in Canada
operated by United States companies. For car equipment in detail, soe table 478
TEAR ENDED DEC. 31
Road
(first
track)
MILEAGE OPERATED LOCOMOTIVES Aggregate
Other
tracks
Yard
track
and
sidings
Total
track
Number,
steam
and
electric
Tractive power,
steam only
Aggregate
(1,000 lbs.)
Average
(lbs.)
ity of
freight
cars
(1,000
tons)
Total:
1920..................... 236,234 36,737 105,408 377,379 64,746 2,340,761 30,365 98,343
1925..................... 236,848 40,817 113,874 391,539 03,974 2.586,868 40,056 105,570
1030__________ 242,391 42,584 123,024 407,909 66,403 2, 520,940 45,225 106,180
1931..................... 242.292 42,627 123,318 408.237 55,065 2,488,801 45,764 103,422
1032-.................... 241,424 42,404 123,241 407,000 53,217 2,430,328 40,299 100,901
1033..................... 239,797 42,248 1221863 404,908 50,802 2,348,821 46,916 95,734
1934__________ 238,555 41,998 121,878 4 0 2 ,4 3 1 48,184 2,263,207 47, 712 92,969
1936.........- .......... 237,401 41,768 121,012 400,271 46,456 2,206,201 48,307 88,677
1936.................... 230,486 41,584 119,774 397.844 44,979 2,102,699 48,972 86,721
1937__________ 235,108 41,452 119,013 305,633 44,442 2,165,655 40,412 86,808
1938.-A............ - 234,031 141,476 lift 035 393,611 43,406 2,123,464 49,803 84,032
Eastern district:
1920.................... 69,613 21,734 42,387 123,634 20,478 1,102,551 87,762 49,543
1025..................... 59,249 22,882 45,054 127,185 28,409 1,193,573 42,408 51.449
1030..................... 00,014 23,131 46, 552 129,607 24,247 1,108,905 46,581 60,618
1936.................... 68,815 22,429 45,253 126,497 19,860 958,696 40,807 43,665
1937.................. 68,213 22,191 44,027 124,431 18,892 929,213 50,818 41,048
1938.............. 67,830 22,262 43, 527 123,009 18,412 009,003 61,001 39,921
Southern district:
1920..................... 43,709 4,436 17,080 65,315 10,740 392,332 36,625 16,980
1925..................... 44,241 5,707 19,199 09,147 11,158 457,579 41,112 18,968
1930..................... 46,087 8,377 21,882 74,346 10,717 483,145 46,404 19,871
1936..................... 44,954 6,349 21,743 73.046 8,767 421,776 48,619 10,637
1937-................- 44,718 6,338 21,303 72,440 8,411 412,825 40,617 16,663
1938................... 44,622 6,332 21,284 72,138 8,269 409,476 49,960 10,610
Western d is tr io t:
1920..................... 131,922 10,567 45,941 188,430 24,628 845,878 34,584 31,820
1926..................... 133.359 12,228 49, 629 196,207 24,407 935,716 38,448 35,153
1930..................... 136,290 13, 076 54,590 203,056 21,529 934,830 43,682 35,091
1935..................... 133,722 12,990 54,016 200,728 17,833 826,730 46,062 28,486
1937.................... 132, 237 12,923 53,593 108,763 17,139 . 813,517 47,848 28,197
1938................. . 131, 679 12,891 53,224 197,794 16,785 804,925 48,350 27,495
>Second track, 36,060 miles; all other tracks, 5,409 miles.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of Railways in the United States,

STEAM r a ilw a y s 427
N o. 4 7 5 .— S t e a m R a il w a y s (C la ss I ) — M il e a g e o f R o a d a n d T r a c k s
O p e r a t e d , b y D is t r ic t s : 1920 to 1938
Note.—Figures include some mileage iu Canada operated by United States companies as follows: 1020,
1,010 miles; 1925, 3,087 miles; 1930, 2,808 miles; 1935, 2.652 miles; 1936, 2,606 miles; 1937, 2,340 miles; 1938,
2,337 miles, consisting of 1,396 miles of first main track, 482 miles of second main track, and 459 miles of
yard track and sidings. Figures also inciudo some industrial traoks as follows: 1925, 20,407 miles; 1930,
21,694 miles; 1035, 21,151 miles; not available for 1936, 1937, and 1938
DISTRICT AND TEAR ENDED
DEO. 81
Total,
all
tracks
Road
(first
main
traok)
Second
main
track
All
other
main
traoks
Yard
track
and
sidings
Total
traok
ELECTRIFIED MILEAGE
Road
(first
main
track)
Other
Yard
main
track
tracks
and
sidings
All districts:
1920..................................... 377,370 235,234 31,612 5,225 105,408 3,132 1,440 900 783
1025..................................... 301, 539 236,848 35, 200 6,61? 113,874 i 3,507 ‘ 1,674 971 052
1930..................................... 407,000 242,391 36,756 5,820 123,024 5,008 2,381 1,432 1,286
1935................................... 400,271 237,491 86,008 5,670 121,012 0,150 2,08G 1,887 1,686
1036..................................... 307,844 236,486 36,099 6,486 119,774 6,135 2,071 1,884 1,680
1037..................................... 396,033 236,108 36, 987 5,406 110,013 6,127 2,071 1,885 1,571
1038.................................... 303,541 234,031 36,006 5,409 118,035 6,855 2,922 2,257 1,676
Eastern district:
1036..................................... 125,483 58,580 17,703 4,634 44,910 4,042 1,408 1,010 1,024
1037.................................... 124,431 58,213 17, 577 4,014 44,027 4,034 1,408 1,611 1, 015
1038.................................... 123,600 67,830 17, 688 4,564 43,527 4,820 1,704 2,021 1,104
Southern district:
1036..................................... 72,748 44,816 5,895 440 21,591 672 266 100 210
1937..................................... 72,440 44,718 5,892 440 21,303 673 200 196 211
1038..................................... 72,138 44,522 5,892 440 21,284 660 264 195 210
Western district:
1036.................................... 109,018 133,134 12,501 406 53,673 1,421 997 78 346
1037..................................... 198,753 132,237 12,518 406 53,693 1,420 997 78 345
1038................................... 197,704 131,679 12,486 406 63,224 1,357 054 41 362
‘Does not include 43 miles of eleotrlo street railways operated by Boston & Maine Railroad.
N o. 4 7 6 . — S t e a m R a il w a y s (C l a ss I ) — E q u ip m e n t I n s t a l l e d a n d R e t i r e d :
1914 t o 1938
N o t e .—“ Installed" includes new and used equipment purchased; equipment leased from others; the
return to service of equipment that was leased to others; equipment rebuilt or converted; and units (except
locomotives) transferred from one class of service to another. “ Retired” includes equipment permanently
withdrawn from transportation service; equipment leased to others; the return of leased equipment
to the owning companies; equipment rebuilt or converted; and units (except locomotives) transferred
from one class of service to another
TEAR ENDED—
LOCOMOTIVES
Number
installed
Number
retired
FREIGHT-TRAIN
CARS
Number
installed
Number
retired
PASSENGER-TRAIN
CARS
Number
installed
Number
retired
Tune 30,1914.............. .................................. 3,246 1,802 160,813 96,08G 3,020 1,854
1015.................................................. 1,114 1,60? 86,012 90,347 2,664 1,386
1916................................................. 1,475 2,676 88,254 109,990 1,261 2,156
Dec. 31,1017................................................. 2,148 1,423 117,210 62,253 2, 535 1,671
1018.................................................. 2,803 977 65,240 50,024 1,817 1,051
1910................................................. 2,062 900 70,019 43,274 435 670
1020................................................. 1,017 1,254 36,044 76,197 621 885
1921.................................................. 1,330 1,130 03,400 09,246 1,081 020
1022................................................. 1,226 1,682 105,304 120,471 1,328 1,288
1023................................................. 4,360 3,746 232,060 213,780 2,058 2,360
1024................................................. 2,786 2,520 166,572 118,590 2,755 2,295
1025................................................. 1,600 2,873 189,083 128,573 3,230 8,669
1026................................................. 11,882 i 3,106 93,369 108,152 3,455 3,309
1027................................................. U , 642 >2,970 73,254 06.001 2,646 3,612
1028........................ ........................ 11,017 13,047 62,945 00,707 2,624 8,252
1929................................................. >1,229 13,134 94,946 116,869 2,603 3,400
1930....................................— ....... 11,160 12,204 81,038 82,101 1,900 2,036
1931................................................. 482 U,802 14,910 821828 097 1,938
1932.................................................. 1477 1 2,316 8,646 60,394 679 1,928
1933.......................... i ..................... 1268 12,681 6,410 117,268 607 3,443
1934------- -------- --------------------- 1312 12,912 31,366 129,026 703 3,368
1935..................................................

4 2 8 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND
N o .
4 : 7 7 . — S t e a m R a il- w a y s ( A l l R e p o r t i n g C o m p a n ie s ) — E q u ip m e n t i n
S e r v i c e : 1921 t o 1938
N o t e ,—“ All reporting companies'’ include switching and terminal but not circular and unofficial linos.
Data for tractive effort and capacity of cars exclude switching roads, also smaller roads during recent
years; they would not be materially different if all carriers were included. The large number of cars
owned b y private car lines is not included
L O C O M O T IV E S f b e i q h t -t r a i n c a b s >
S t e a m E l e c -
C a p a c i t y 4
P a s s e n ­
Y E A R E N D E D D E C . 3 1
T o t a l
n u m ­
bers
N u m ­
b e r
t r i e
T r a c t i v e e f f o r t 4 l o c o - T o t a l n u m ­ A g g r e ­
A v e r ­
m o - b e r
g a t e
A g g r e g a t e
a g e
A v e r a g e f c iv e
( 1 , 0 0 0
( t o n s )
( 1 ,0 0 0 l b s . ) ( l b s . ) u n i t s *
t o n s )
g e r -
t r a i n
c a r s
1 9 2 1 .................................................... 8 9 , 1 2 2 68, 7 3 3 2 , 3 8 5 , 4 7 0 3 0 , 9 3 6 3 8 9 2 , 3 7 8 , 6 1 0 9 8 , 6 0 4 4 2 . 5 6 6 , 9 6 0
1022.................................................... 6 8 , 6 1 8 68,121 % 4 0 1 , 4 6 2 3 7 , 4 4 1 3 9 7 2 , 3 5 2 , 4 8 3 9 8 , 8 4 7 4 3 . 1 6 6 , 8 2 7
1 9 2 3 , — ...................................... 6 9 , 4 1 4 6 9 . 0 0 5 2 , 5 4 4 , 1 1 6 3 9 , 1 7 7 4 0 9 2 , 3 7 0 , 1 3 1 1 0 1 , 3 1 8 4 3 . 8 6 7 , 1 6 9
1 9 2 4 ................................. . ............... GO , 4 8 0 6 9 , 1 1 4 2 , 6 9 3 , 1 7 8 3 9 , 8 9 1 3 7 2 2 , 4 1 1 , 0 2 7 1 0 4 , 1 4 9 4 4 . 3 6 7 , 4 6 1
1 9 2 5 ................................................. 6 8 , 0 9 2 6 7 , 7 1 3 2 , 6 8 0 , 8 6 8 4 0 , 6 0 6 8 7 0 2 . 4 1 4 , 0 8 3 1 0 5 , 6 7 0 4 4 . 8 6 0 , 8 H
1 9 2 8 _________________________ 6 0 , 8 1 6 0 0 , 3 8 1 2 , 0 1 1 , 2 3 8 4 1 , 8 8 6 4 3 6 2 , 4 0 3 , 0 6 7 1 0 6 , 9 6 3 4 6 . 1 6 6 , 8 5 6
1 9 2 7 __________________________ 8 5 , 3 4 8 6 4 , 8 4 3 2 , 6 0 6 , 1 7 1 4 2 , 7 9 8 4 0 7 2, 3 7 8 , 8 0 0 1 0 5 , 8 4 6 4 5 . 5 6 5 , 7 2 9
1 9 2 8 __________________ _______ 0 3 , 3 1 1 6 2 , 0 4 2 2 , 6 7 0 , 0 4 3 4 3 , 8 3 8 0 1 7 2,340,751 106,322 45.8 54,800
1029............................. 61,257 001672 2,550,813 44,801 621 2,323,083 106, 411 46.3 53,838
1930____________ - 00,189 59,400 2,626,940 45,226 (163 2,322,267 106,180 40.0 63,684
1931............................ 68,652 67,820 2,488,801 45, 704 709 2,245,904 103,422 47.0 62,096
1032........................... 66,732 55,831 2,430.328 46,299 764 2,184,690 100,901 47.0 50,698
1933............................. 54, 228 53,302 2.348,821 46,910 789 2,072,032 00,734 47.6 47,677
1034............................. 61,423 60,405 2,203,207 47,712 806 1,073,247 02,960 48.0 44,884
1038.............................. 49,541 48,477 2,206,201 48,367 884 1,867,381 88,677 48.3 42,426
1038.............................. 48,090 46,923 2.102,099 48,972 858 1,790,043 86,721 48.8 41,390
1037............................. 47, 556 40,342 2,155,665 49,412 872 1,770,428 86,808 40.2 40,940
1038........ .................... 46, 544 46,210 2,123,404 40,803 882 1,731,006 84,032 49.4 30,931
1 Excludes caboose cars. * Includes locomotives other than classes shown beginning 1027.
* Figures prior to 1028 represent “number of locomotives." < Glass I roads.
No. 4 7 8 .— S t e a m R a i l w a y s — G a b s i n S e r v i c e , b y C l a s s : 1925 t o 1938
N orn.—Figures for “All operating companies" include switching and terminal companies but not circular
and unofficial linos. Oars owned by private car linos, roughly equaling one-tenth of those owned by railway
companies, are not included
ALL OPERATING COMPANIES CLASS 1 1936
1925 1930 1936 1037 1938 Total
Eastern
district
Southern
district
Western
district
Freight-train cars i___ 2,414,083 3,822,267 1,867, 381 1,776,428 1,731,006 1,699,689 701,037 887,287 600,816
Box............................ 1,086.5G2 1,004,052 812, 776 759,774 736,854 733,314 296,526 121, 60C 316,003
Plat...... ................... 113,562 108,181 83,406 73,831 70,41C 64,841 12,127 10,71C 42,004
Stock_______ _____ 87,462 84,4DC 68, 465 60,998 58,821 58,688 7,500 6,179 46,009
Coal......................... 979,483 030,024 703, 770 817,642 801,801 783,009 432,459 183,873 102,370
Tank......................... 12,151 10,081 9,200 9,313 8,960 8,139 10 12 8,111
Refrigerator.............. 49,48£ 41,006 20,703 23,858 23, 232 23,205 1.07C 3,148 18,987
O th e r.................... 85,385 82, 863 73, 000 31, 012 30, 032 27,803 12,943 7,610 7,241
Steela........................ 757,005 854,864 800,612 890,612 891,498 891,498 644,808 189, 741 160,949
Steel underframe 3__ 1, 056,125 1,118,257 908,252 708,770 730,218 730,218 213,534 126,258 390,370
Caboose oars................ 31,325 20,77E 24,004 23,458 23,064 22.309 9,180 4,210 8,919
Passenger-train cars. _ 66,814 63,584 42,426 40,949 39,931 30,309 20, 535 5, 552 13,192
Coaches.................... P) P) ( P) p) 321 299 283 54 *30 199
S teels...................... 21.190 20,011 28,951 29, G40 20,037 29,687 10,408 3,802 9,367
Steel undorirame 9,360 10, 376 8,304 7,736 7,273 7,273 3, 592 1,331 2,360
C o m p a n y se rv lo e
equipm ent................ 112,502 100,527 70, 684 81, 258 80,110 77, 899 25, 827 13,674 38,198
Motor ears and traile
rs1......... -................ 2,469 5,594 4,545 4,493 4, 456 4, 455 3, 241 391 823
i Excludes caboose oars.
»No comparable data available because of change in classification.
J D ata represent Class I roads only. 1 Does not include oars owned by Pullman Oo.
Source of tables 477 and 47S: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of Railways in
the United States,

STEAM RAILWAYS' 429
No. 479.—S t e a m R a i l w a y s — N u m b e r a n d C o m p e n s a tio n o p E m p lo y e e s 1
YEAR
ENDED—
Average
number
of employees
ALL OPERATING CARRIERS
Total
yearly
compensation
(1,000
dollars)
June 30;
1890........ 749,301
1896........ 786, 034 445,508
1900........ 1,017, 063 577,265
1906 1,382,106 .................... 839,945
1907 1, .................... 072, 074 1, 072,380
1908 1,436, .................... 275 1, 035, 438
1909 1,602,823 .................... 988,324
1910 1, .................... 699,420 1,143,725
Average compensation
Per
hour*
Per
year
$608
667
608
641
721
668
673
YEAR
ENDED—
- ALL OPERATING CARRIERS
Average
number
of employees
Total
yearly
compensation
(1,000
dollars)
Average com*
pensation
Per
hour*
June 30;
1911........ 1, 609, 809 1, 208,466
1912 1,716,380 .................... 1, 252,348
1913 1,815, .................... 289 1, 373,831
1914 1, .................... 710, 296 1, 381,117
1916........ 1,654, 075 1,403,968 $0.266
Dec. 31;
1916 1,700,814 .................... 1, 506,961 .275
1917 1,785,893 .................... 1,782,965
Per
year
$724
780
757
808
849
886
998
Y E A R E N D E D D E C . 3 1 —
All
operating
carriers:
Average
number of
employees
Average
Total
of employees
(thousands)
CLASS I CAKBIE11S
Total
yearly
compensation
( 1 ,0 0 0
dollars)
Average
per employee
Average compensation
Per
hour>
Per
year
1 9 1 R 8 ........................... . 1 ,8 9 1 ,5 1 7 1 ,8 4 1 .5 7 5 6 ,7 0 1 ,4 1 7 2 , 6 1 3 ,8 1 3 3 , 0 9 5 .9 $ 0 ,4 5 8 $ 1 ,4 1 9
mifl« ........... 1 ,9 0 0 ,4 3 9 1 , 9 1 3 ,4 2 2 6 ,0 3 2 ,4 9 3 2 , 8 4 3 ,1 2 8 2 , 6 3 0 .1 .6 6 5 1 ,4 8 6
man 2 , 0 7 5 ,8 8 6 2 , 0 2 2 ,8 3 2 6 , 4 4 0 .7 4 1 3 , 6 8 1 ,8 0 1 2 , 6 9 2 .6 . 6 7 6 1 ,8 2 0
i f l a i 1 ,7 0 5 ,3 0 8 1 .6 5 9 ,5 1 3 4 , 1 4 7 ,3 1 9 2 , 7 6 5 ,2 1 8 2 , 4 9 9 .1 . 6 6 7 1 ,0 0 6
1 9 2 2 .......... 1 , 6 6 9 ,6 4 0 1 ,6 2 6 ,8 3 4 4 ,3 1 1 .0 9 7 2 , 6 4 0 ,8 1 7 2,6 5 0 . 0 .6 1 3 1 ,6 2 3
1 9 2 3 1 ,0 0 2 ,2 2 2 1 ,8 6 7 ,6 7 4 4 ,0 2 8 ,6 5 1 3 , 0 0 4 ,0 7 2 2 , 6 5 3 .1 . 6 1 0 1 ,6 1 7
1 0 2 4 ....................................................... 1 ,7 9 5 ,4 9 3 1 , 7 5 1 ,3 6 2 4 ,6 3 4 ,8 7 9 2 , 8 2 6 ,7 7 6 2 , 5 8 9 .3 .6 2 3 1 ,6 1 3
19215 v 1 ,7 8 0 ,4 1 1 1 ,7 4 4 ,3 1 1 4 ,5 3 1 ,3 6 1 2 , 8 6 0 ,6 0 0 2, 5 9 7 .8 .6 3 1 1 ,6 4 6
lfl2 fl 1 ,8 2 1 ,8 0 4 1 ,7 7 9 ,2 7 6 4 , 6 7 1 ,7 3 6 2 , 9 4 6 ,1 1 4 2 , 6 2 5 .6 .6 3 1 1 ,0 5 6
1 0 2 7 ................................. 1 ,7 7 5 .6 4 0 1 ,7 3 5 ,1 0 5 4 , 5 1 9 ,2 8 1 2 , 9 1 0 ,1 8 3 2 , 6 0 4 .6 . 6 4 4 1 ,6 7 7
1 0 2 8 ................................. 1, 6 9 1 , 9 6 0 1 , 0 5 6 ,4 1 1 4 , 3 1 3 ,5 7 4 2 , 8 2 6 ,6 9 0 2 , 6 0 4 .2 .6 5 5 1 ,7 0 6
1 9 2 0 ...................................................... 1 ,6 9 4 , 042 1 , 6 6 0 ,8 5 0 4 , 3 4 6 ,8 2 2 2 ,8 9 6 , 500 2 , 6 1 7 .2 .6 6 6 1 ,7 4 4
1 9 8 0 ....................................................... 1, 5 1 7 ,0 4 3 1 ,4 8 7 ,8 3 9 3 , 7 5 9 ,7 7 2 2, 5 6 0 ,7 8 9 2 , 6 2 7 .0 .0 7 8 1 , 714
1 0 3 1 . . . ............................................. 1 , 2 8 2 ,8 2 5 1,258.710 3,039,110 2, 0 9 4 ,9 9 4 2 , 4 1 4 .4 .689 1 ,6 6 4
1082.................................. 1 ,0 5 2 ,2 8 5 1,031,703 2,378,206 1,612,816 2,305.1 .636 1 ,4 6 6
inaa 0 9 0 ,8 3 9 971,190 2.233,045 1, 403,841 2,299.3 .629 1 ,4 4 5
1, BCR
1084.................................. 1,027,426 1,007,702 2,393,899 1,610,352 2,375. C .635
1035.................................. 1,013,654 904,371 2,397,353 1, 043,870 2,410.0 .686 1,653
mafl 1,086,405 1,065,624 2,675,345 1,848,636 2,610. C .001 1,735
1037.................................. 1,130,912 1,114,603 2,790, 539 1, 986, 447 2,611.6 .709 1,781
1938.................................. 958,280 939,171 2,329,006 1, 746,141 2,480.6 .750 1,859
1039............................... 1, 006, 711 987,675 2,488,035 1,863,334 2,619.7 .749 1,887
i Data exclude switching and terminal companies beginning 1910. Class III roads are excluded in 1913.
Exclusion of the latter has practically no effect on the comparability of the figures. Information for 1916
Is incomplete, as 20 of the larger railways did not report, and is not shown,
i Calculated for all classes of employees, including those not paid on an hourly basis,
i Data cover Federal reports, reports of companies not under Federal oontrol, and corporate reports.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, iStatistics of Hallways in the United States.
See last paragraph of general note, p. 424, regarding current data.
N o. 4 8 0 .— S t e a m R a i l w a y s ( C l a s s I)— N u m b e r a n d C o m p e n s a tio n op
E m p lo y e e s , b y D i s t r i c t s a n d By C l a s s : 1938 a n d 1939
N o t e .—Data relate to y e a rs ended Dec. 31.
DISTRICT OR CLASS
AVERAGE NUMBER
OF EMPLOYEES
Class I switching and terminal companies are,' included
TOTAL
COMPENSATION
(1,000 DOLLARS)
AVERAGE PER
DAY OR UOUU,
STRAIGHT TIME
(DOLLARS)
average
PER MONTH,
TOTAL COM­
PENSATION
(DOLLARS)
1038 1939 1938 1939 1938 1989 1638 1939
987, 876
86,717 1,017,770 1,707, 608
Dally b a s is .......................... 84,990 246,807 1,920,878
245,390 8.80 8.91 239 241
Hourly basis_______ _____ 881,658 932,774
1,675,688
408,320 437,099 1,551,891
.703 .705. 147 160
766,402 842, 147
Daily basis_______________ 39,334 38i 762 107, 523 107,032 8.48 8.54 228 230
Hourly basis______________ 368,986 308,337 658,879 735,115 .738 .740 149 164
177,005 184,471 312,823 329,885
Daily basis__ . ____________ 14,514 14,439 43,750 44,010 9.32 0.41 251 254
Hourly basis______________ 163,091 170,032 260,073 286,825 .650 .660 137 140
381,450 396,200 718,473 748,996
Daily basis___________ _____ 31,869 31,795 94, 634 94,348 9.13 0.13 247 247
Hourly basis______________ 349,581 364,406 623,939 654,648 .690 .688 149 150

4 3 0 transportation, air and land
N o. 4 8 0 .— St e a m R a il w a y s (C l a s s I)— N tjm beh a n d C o m p e n s a t io n o p
E m p l o y e e s, b y D is t r ic t s a n d b y C l a s s : 1938 a n d 1939— C ontin ued
DISTRICT OR CLASS
AVERAGE NUM BER
OF EMPLOYEES
TOTAL COMPENSA­
TION
(1,000 DOLLARS)
AVERA G E P E R
D A Y OR H O U R,
STRA IGHT TIM E
(DOLLARS)
AVERA G E
P E R MONTH,
TOTAL COM­
PENSA TIO N
(DOLLARS)
Executives, officials,
and staff
Doily basis...............................
Professional, clerical, and general—
Dally basis...... .........................
1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939
12, 342 12,182
12; 342 12,162
108,136 168,263
37,487 37,359
130,649
130,904
71,204
71,264
326,691
95,090
231,001
70,294
70,204
323,968
18.26 1 8 ,3 0 481 482
96,940 8 .2 0 8 .2 4 213 214
233,013 .701 .7 0 4 147 148
190,603 205,867 237,202 266,907
Daily basis............................ ... 3,658 3,639 11,127 11,078 0 .5 4 0 .6 0 253 254
Hourly basis........................... 186,845 202,228 220,075 244,829 .6 1 4 .614 101 101
Maintenance of equipment and
240,022 271,453 411,691 471,999
Daily basis...... ....................... _ 9,330 0,348 28.834 29,141 9 .2 9 0 .34 268 260
Hourly basis............................ 237,202 262,106 382,857 442,858 .089 .097 134 141
Transportation (other than train
127,876 129,910 209,337 213,764
Daily basis...... ......................... 18,080 18,442 25,066 25,182 3 .9 5 3 .0 8 113 114
Hourly basis.......................... 108,805 111,408 183,672 188,582 .0 4 0 .037 141 141
Transportation (yardmasters,
switoh tenders, and hostlers)___ 12,927 18,077 31,935 32,824
Daily basis............................... 3,020 4,046 13,227 13,755 9 .31 9 .35 281 283
Hourly basis_______________
Transportation (train and engine
. 9,007
9,031
18,708
19,069
.745 .745 173 176
208.970 217.038 509.578 547,292
Hourly basis_______ _____ _ 208.970 217.038 509.578 547,232 .9 0 8 .900 203 210
Source: Interstato Commerce Commission; annual report. Wage Statistics of Class I Steam Railways in
the United States.
No. 481.— S t e a m R a il w a y s— R e c e iv e r s h ip s a n d T r u s t e e s h i p s : 1881—1939
YEAR
(CALENDAR,
EXCEPT AS
NOTED)
UNDER. R E­
CEIVERSHIP
END O F YEA R »
Hourly basis.............................
Maintenance of way and struo-
Number
Mileage
operated
PLACED UNDER R E­
CEIVERSHIP
N u m ­
b e r
M iles
S to c k s
a n d
b o n d s
(1,000
d o lla rs)
YEAR
(c a l e n d a r ,
EXCEPT AS
NOTED)
UNDER R E ­
CEIVERSHIP
END OF YEAR »
M ile a g e
N u m ­ N u m ­
o p e r ­
b e r
b e r
a te d
PLACED UNDER RE­
CEIVERSHIP
M il e s
S to c k s
a n d
b o n d s
(1,000
d o lla rs)
1881___
1882___
1883 _
1884 _
1885 _
1888___
1887 _
1888 _
1889 _
1800___
1801___
1892___
1803 _
1804 _
1895___
1890 _
1807___
1898 _
1899 _
1900 _
1901 _
1002___
1903___
1004___
1905.. ..,
1900___
1907___
1908.. ..,
1009___
1910___
192 40,810
169 37,856
151 80,476
128 13,802
94 12,745
71 0,863
52 4,178
45 2,497
27 1,475
27 1,185
28 1,323
26 700
34 8,971
29 3,926
62 9,520
44 10, 630
39 5,257
5 110 3,742 1911.................. 39 4,593 6 2 ,6 0 6 210,607
12 912 39,074 1912.................. 44 9,786 13 3 ,7 8 4 182,112
11 1,990 108,470 1013.................. 49 16,286 17 9 ,0 2 0 477,781
37 11,038 714,755 1914.................. 08 18,008 22 4 ,2 2 2 190,571
44 8,830 385,460 1916.................. 86 30,223 12 2 0 ,1 4 3 1,070,800
13 1,799 70,340 1916................. 80 34,804 9 4 .4 3 9 208,160
9 1,046 90,318 1017................. 82 17,376 19 2 ,4 8 6 61,170
22 3,270 180,814 1018................... 74 19,208 8 3 ,5 1 0 242,091
22 3,803 99, GG4 1910_________ 66 16,590 7 244 11,887
20 2,963 105,007 1920................... 01 16,290 10 541 21,620
26 2,169 84,470 1921................... 68 13, 612 14 1 ,7 4 4 63,872
36 10,608 367,602 1922_________ 04 15,259 12 4 ,3 3 0 329,115
74 20,340 1,781,040 1923................... 04 12,623 10 2 ,2 1 8 87,914
38 7,025 '395,701 1924................... 01 8,105 11 920 30,223
31 4,089 369,076 1925.............- 53 18, 687 0 1 1 ,3 6 8 680,422
34 6,441 275,507 1926................. 45 17,632 6 88 2,821
18 1,537 02.000 1927_................ 40 16,752 6 924 45,237
18 2,000 138,701 1928................... 33 5,256 1 19 529
10 1,019 52,285 1929................... 29 5,703 3 634 30,981
16 1,105 78, 234 1930-— .......... 30 9,486 4 4,752 277,324
4 73 1,627 1931................... 45 12,970 19 5 ,1 0 5 432,152
6 278 6,835 1932_________ 55 22,546 13 1 1 ,8 1 7 626,577
9 229 18.823 1933 2................ 78 41,698 32 2 6 ,1 2 4 1,750,397
8 744 36,009 1934 i................ 80 42,168 4 1 ,0 1 6 61,074
10 3,593 170,321 1936 a................ 87 68,345 13 2 7 ,1 2 4 2,168,871
6 204 55.042 1930 *............... 91 69,712 10 1 ,8 7 4 165,278
7 317 13, 585 1937 a................ 109 70, 884 27 2 ,1 1 0 199,093
24 8,009 690,369 1938 a............... 109 76,938 9 6 ,0 9 7 730,287
5 859 78,095 1939 »............... 108 77, 013 S 734 78,868
7 735 51, 428
1 Data relate to June 80 prior to 1916, Dec. 31 thereafter. a includes roads under trusteeship.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of Railways in the United States,
for first 2 columns and all data beginning with 1033; The Railway Age, Chicago, for other data.

STEAM RAILWAYS 431
No, 482.— S t e a m R a i l w a y s ( A l l R e p o r t i n g C o m p a n ie s ) — C a p i t a l i z a t i o n :
1890 t o 1938
Not®,*—All amounts except “ per mile of ro a d ” in millions of dollars. Switching and terminal com’
panies excluded beginning with 1910; their total capitalization In 1938 was .$800,027,997. Figures inolude
both operating and nonoperating railways. The gross figures include considerable amounts of securities
held by the companies issuing them as well as 1 argor amounts held by other railway companies
TOTAL CAPITALIZATION
HELD BY
r a i l r o a d s
N E T CAPITALIZATION
YEAR
Total
Common
stock
Preferred
Funded
stock
debt
Stock Funded
debt
Total
Per mile
of road
(dollars)
Funded
Stock
debt
Funded
debt,
percent
of total
June 30,1890___ 8,084 3,803 000 4,576 964 443 7,677 3,446 4,132 64.5
1900___ 11,491 4,022 1,323 6,646 1,470 473 9,548 4,375 6,172 04.2
1910___ 18,417 6,710 1,403 10,304 2,666 1,480 14,370 02,810 6,669 8,817 61.3
Deo. 31,1920-.— 21,801 7,215 1,898 12.778 2,407 2,490 16,994 68,787 0,707 10,287 00.6
1923.__ 22,839 7,398 1,802 13,589 2,403 2.626 17,810 73,417 6,847 10,963 01.6
1924— 23,636 7,039 1,936 14,102 2,668 2,706 18.202 75,322 6,800 11,390 62.6
1925.__ 23,644 7,002 1,937 14,106 2,054 2,799 18,191 74,400 0,885 11,305 62.1
1020— 23, 677 7,000 1,925 14,192 2,055 2,788 18,234 74,398 0,831 11,403 02.6
1027— 23,614 7,683 1,980 13,051 2,906 2, 571 18,137 78,984 0,750 11,381 02.7
1928— 23,747 7,809 2,034 13,904 2,759 2,477 18, fill 75,310 7,084 11,427 61.7
1020— . 23,983 7,853 2,000 14,000 2,705 2,698 18,680 75,598 7,213 11,407 61.4
1080— 24,331 8,009 2,074 14, 248 2,897 2,368 19,000 77,343 7,180 11,880 62.3
1031— 24,344 8, 031 2,049 14,204 2,909 2,434 18,941 76,822 7,111 11,830 62.5
1082— 24,837 8, 067 2,047 14,723 8,000 2,887 18,894 70,957 7,058 11,836 62.6
1033.... 24,723 8,057 2,042 14,024 2,924 2,068 18,831 77,214 7,175 11,650 61.9
1034.... 24, 570 7,994 2,044 14,032 2,999 2,918 18,653 77,090 7,039 11,614 62.3
1935__ 24,247 7,987 2, 036 14,224 3,022 2,883 18, 342 76,380 7,002 11,340 61.8
.1030— . 24,003 7,993 2,030 13,074 2,933 2,734 18,336 70,010 7,095 11,241 61.3
1937__ 24,123 8,004 2,060 14,009 3,040 2,750 18,319 77,280 7,060 11,250 61.4
1038.— 23,865 8,040 2,040 13, 766 3,007 2,800 17, 988 76,449 7,022 10,966 61.0
No. 483.— S t e a m R a i l w a y s — S t o c k O u t s t a n d i n g , D iv id e n d s , a n d I n t e r e s t :
1891 t o 1938
N ote.—Data ralate to years ending June 80 prior to 1010 and to calendar years thereafter. Nonoperating
as well as operating roads are included. Switching and terminal roads are excluded beginning with 1908.
Dividend figures throughout cover all classes of roads, but interest figure for 1913 excludes the unimportant
olass III roads. The amount of stock shown in the first column is exclusive of stock held by the
issuing company, b u t Includes that held by other railway companies
YEAR OR YEARLY AVERAGE
Actually
outstanding
(1,000 dolls.)
STOCK DIVIDENDS Interest
accrued
onfunded
Paying
dividends
(1,000 dolls.)
Percent
paying
dividends
Amount
declared
(1,000
dolls.)
Percent
on stock
paying
dividends
Percent
on all
stock outstanding
dobt
(1,000
dolls.)
1891-1895.................... „.......... 1,737,048 94,093 5.42 243,018
1896-1900................................ 1,977,832 104,295 5.27 240)548
1901-1906.................- ........... 3,605' 694 199,762 6.70 286,766
1900-1910................................ 4,930,368 339,685 6.89 363,470
1011-1915 ............................. 8,561,060 5; 595; 888 06.36 401,044 7.18 4.70 436) 178
1910........................................ 8.756.404 0,430,123 62.02 366,661 6.76 4.19 481,426
1017. .................................... 9,003,707 5,610,774 62.32 381,852 6.81 4.24 474,123
1018............. -.......................... 8,840,717 5,138,861 68.09 339,186 6.60 3.83 468,286
1910..______ ____________ 8,883,126 5,298,321 59.04 336,242 0.33 3.77 476)076
1020.............. ........................ 8,843,100 6,076,040 67.39 331,103 0.62 3.74 600,364
1921........... : .......................... 8,889,921 6,069,844 50.92 456,482 9.02 5.13 629,398
1922—.................................... 8,901,037 6,321.347 69.38 333,806 6.37 3.78 538,694
1923-....... ........ ................... 9,092,933 6,646,076 62.09 411,882 7.30 4.53 661,706
1924....................-................... 9,300,054 6,042.208 64.97 385,130 6.37 4.14 588)301
1926......................................... 9,413,101 6,278,632 66.70 409,646 6.52 4.36 583,876
1926—.................................... 9,365,272 0*473,280 69.12 473,083 7.32 6.06 581,709
1927......................................... 0,539,491 0,701,427 70.25 567,281 8.47 6.95 683,462
1028......................................... 9,722,079 7,159,989 73.06 510,018 7.12 6.26 578,831
1929....................................... 9,847,311 7,606,206 76.23 660,902 7.47 6.70 680,770
1930_____ _____ -............... 10,011,638 7,702,021 76.93 603.150 7.83 6.02 688.742
1931......................................... 10,008,413 7,325,004 73.20 401,403 5.48 4.01 592.866
1932—.......................... .......... 10,042,702 3,298,822 32.86 160,774 4.67 1.60 691,340
1933......................................... 10,027,092 3,119,282 31.11 168,790 5.09 1.68 690,230
1934.................. -.................... 0,068,650 3,411,520 34.26 211,767 6.21 2.13 569,760
1935................................... 0,925,202 3,412,968 34.39 202, 568 5.94 2.04 569,187
1036......................................... 9,929,650 3,594,789 36.20 231,733 6.46 2.33 648,452
1937...............— .................... 9,812,663 3,890,177 30.64 227,596 6.85 2.32 632,237
1938........-.............................. 9,788,412 3,139,486 32.07 136,270 4.34 1.39 521,768
Source of tables 482 and 483: Interstate Oommcrco Commission; annual report. Statistics of Railways in
the United States.

432 t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , a ir a n d l a n d
N o. 4 8 i . — St e a m R a il w a y s -— Se c u r it ie s A c t u a l l y O u t s t a n d in g : 1925 t o 1938
N o t e ,— A l l Sgures in thousands o f dollars. Capital actually outstanding represents securities In the
hands oftbe public or of railway companies other than those issuing same; securities held by or for the
issuing company are excluded. Switching and terminal companies are not included
SECURITY AND YEAR
ENDED DEC. 31-—
ALL RAILROADS
Eastern
district
Southern
dlstrlot
Western
district •
Class I
Class
II
Class
III
All districts
Nonoperating
subsidiaries
Total;
1925.........
1980..........
1935 ....
1937 ....
1938........
Rtoclc:
1925.........
1930......... .
1936 ....
1937 ....
1938 .....
Funded debt:
1925..........
1930_____
1935.........
1937-.......
1938 __
1938
Common stock....... ..........
Preferred stock________
Mortgage bonds________
Collateral trust bonds___
Income bonds....... ...........
Miscollaneousobligations.
Equipment obligations...
21.734,006
22,782,880
22,070,551
21,024, 645
21,428, 320
0,413,101
10, Oil, 538
9,925,202
9,812,603
9,788,412
12,320,995
12,771,861
12,154,340
11,881,081
11,030,908
7,765,970
2,022,430
9,246,142
781,288
313,020
868,655
440,803
8,627,108
9,128,919
9,210,370
0,200,722
9, 105,303
3,771,338
4,290,108
4,325,471
4,387,713
4,370,498
4,765,830
4,838,811
4,884,908
4,873,009
4,704,865
3,705,765
064,743
3,765,138
410,888
12,063
395,850
210,317
8,444,426
8,068,675
3,401,012
3,398,742
3,355,336
1,324,472
1,461,628
1,431,397
1,445,280
1,445,130
2,119,954
2,196,947
1,909,615
1,953,456
1,910,206
1,229,502
215,628
1,648,264
171.382
6,993
75,184
105.383
9,762, 502 18,098,164
9,995,395 19, 000, 270
9,408,100 18, 530,040
9,035,181 18,273,439
8, 007,621 18, 083,268
4,317,201
4,259,802
4,168,334
3,979,605
3,972, 784
7,633,460
8,267,129
8,218,904
8,123,195
8,148,602
6,446,211 10,464,708
6,736,593 10,739,147
5,299,820 10,311,046
5.055.516 10,150,244
4,934,837 9,934,660
2,830,719
1,142,066
3,032,740
199,018
200,364
387,612
126,103
6,281,844
1,866,758
7,677,813
710,417
288,534
819,915
437,087
437,022
849,079
300,470
207,073
285,438
263,208
207,656
194,922
192,098
190,070
183,814
141,623
105,554
104,075
95,308
174,884
16,186
86,682
3,221
3,483
1,634
48
88,167
64,814
53,426
48, 390
46,002
60,452 1,469,985
45,008 1,491,785
38, 217 1,473,009
34,261 1,403,120
33,458 1,416,282
29,705
19,746
15,209
14,139
12,444
3,112.763
3,332,720
3,195,300
3,075,743
3,013,712
1,042,738
1,870,035
1,722,640
1,012,023
1,697,430
32,604 1,27G, 644
854 130,038
11,525 1,470,122
412 67,233
332 20,671
175 33,631
2,768
No. 4 8 5 .— S t e a m R a il w a y s— I n v e s t m e n t , I n c o m e , a n d D i v i d e n d s : 1910
t o 1938
Note,—A ll figures, except as indicated, in thousands of dollars. No data for switching and tormina!
companies are included. Investment is as reported by the carrier and should not be contused with the
tentative valuation fixed by tlio Interstate Commerce Commission
YEAR ENDED—
Investm ent1
Investment
per mile
of road
Net railway
operating
income
Return
on investment
Other income3
Interest,
ronts, end Dividends
other deductions
declarod >
3
Dollars
June 30, 19108.................. 14,567,810 64,382 805,097 Percent
5.53 222,916 611,417 351,203
Deo, 81, 1910................... 17,842,777 74,400 1,068,606 6.93 213,324 623,180 311,876
1010.................... 19,300,121 79,074 464,132 2.36 (‘ * 630,659 281,560
1020.................- 19,849,320 81,054 12,101 .0G (

STEAM RAILWAYS 433
No. 4 8 6 .— St e a m - R a il w a y F r e ig h t S e r v ic e — T r a in M il e s , C a r M il e s ,
T o n n a g e a n d R e l a t e d A v e r a g e s : 1891 to 1939
Note.—F igures prior to 1916 relate to years ended June 30, thereafter to calendar years. Switching and
term inal roads excluded beginning w ith 1908, except as noted. The tonnage “per loaded car” /or “AH
roads” is based on revenue tonnage only; and for “ Class I roads” on revenue and nonrevenue tonnage.
Tons are of 2,000 pounds
CLASS AND YEAR OR
YEARLY AVERAGE
Train*
miles
(thousands)1
CAR-MILES
(THOUSANDS)
Loaded
(revenue
and nonrevenue)
"Empty
TONS OF REVE­
NUE FREIGHT
Per
train
Per
loaded
car
FREIGHT REVE­
NUE1
Per
trainmllo
(dollars)’
Per
loaded
carmile
(cents)3
Average
miles
per
car
per
day3
All roads:
1891-1895........................... 467,299 184 1.62
ik m - ima ....... 489,723 229 1.76
inm-ifiOfi 519,896 9,631,028 4,320,390 304 17.4 2.35
ICIftft-lfllft 003) 105 11,754,421 5) 234) 008 369 19.5 2.72
1011-lQlfi 608,612 13) 369) 203 6,169) 216 432 20.7 3.19
1Q1R—IQWi 617,430 15) 444) 150 8) 904) 625 604 25.3 5.30
1Q9.1-109fi 577,844 15) 243) 111 8) 096) 532 621 24.6 7.28
1926-1930........................... 586,389 17) 357) 166 10) 330,175 700 24.5 7.67
1031-103/5 396,017 11)419)604 7,283,037 625 23.2 0 .4 0
1917.................................. 646,402 15,911,203 0,780,872 688 24.8 4.27 17.7
1Q1R . ... 828,436 14,995,657 7)167)144 621 27.0 5.33 22.9
1919.................................... 560,499 14,273,422 0,631,670 623 25.4 6.14 24.8 23.0
1920.................................... 019,507 15,336,778 7,204,318 639 26.7 0.81 28.1 25.1
1921.................................... 519,817 12,449,986 7,309,192 567 24.6 7.38 31.4 22.4
192 2.................................... 644,486 13, 926, 355 0,798,121 599 24.3 7.19 28.6 23.5
1023................................... 631,167 16,374, 7SO 8,530,0 0 2 632 2 5 .2 7.19 28.1 27.8
1024................................... 690,879 16,859, 163 8,519,637 634 24.5 7.22 27.3 26.8
1025.................................... 602,873 16,836,710 9,319,706 663 24.0 7,41 26.9 28.5
1026................................... 622,295 17,750,004 10,164,842 689 25.0 7.68 27.0 30.4
1027-................................ 598,435 17,390,777 10,208,061 690 24.6 7.69 26.6 30.3
1928................................... 689,016 17,767, 670 10,487,264 700 24.3 7.77 26.3 31.2
1929................................... 598,343 18, 109,002 10,805,302 718 24.5 7.86 26.4 32.3
1980................................... 523, 255 15,709, 234 9,906,416 699 24.3 7 .5 6 2 5 .8 2 8 .7
1931.................................... 440,261 13,087,643 8,472,144 663 23.4 6.98 24.6 24.5
1932................................... 368, 668 10,231,344 6,642,750 685 22.6 8.20 23.6 19.8
1938................................... 368,606 10,640, 306 6,773,661 610 23.3 6.32 23.2 21.3
1034.................................... 397,150 11,410,710 7,347,067 624 23.2 6.23 22.7 24.2
1936.................................... 403,851 11,827, 025 7,178,069 646 23.5 6. 51 23.2 25.8
1936................................... 496,268 14, 030, 019 8,210,203 687 24.3 6.79 23.7 30.7
1937................................... 532,200 14,702,185 8,636,673 708 24.7 6.72 23,1 32:4
1038................................... 431,300 12,265,783 7,605,954 677 23.8 6.75 23.4 28.1
Claaa I roads, total:
1916-1920........................... 604,422 15,150,421 6,836,894 613 25.4 5.30 21.9
1921-1025........................... 507, 286 14,688,040 8,032,691 633 27.1 7.28 28.3 25. S
.1926-1030........................... 570,664 17,202,995 10,267,375 713 26.9 7.67 20.4 30.6
1931-1935_____________ 300,772 11,370,307 7,250,061 638 25.4 6.46 23.5 23.1
1936_________________ 486,341 13,054,297 8,160,035 703 24.3 6.79 23.7 30.7
1937...................... - .......... 501,686 14,617,571 8,581,218 724 24.7 6.72 23.1 32.4
1938-................................ 422,388 12,196,033 7,669,050 091 23.8 6.75 23.4 28.1
1039................................... 451,990 13,564,969 8,217,025 743 24.6 7.18 23.9 31.7
Eastern district:
1920-1930.......................- 219,408 6,966,068 4,125.220 818 28.1 8.92 28.6 26.4
1931-1935_____________ 143,110 4,511,507 2,867,127 757 26.6 7.81 25.4 19,5
1936______-__________ 166,651 6,295, 961 3,064,633 840 20.1 8.43 20.5 25.1
1037............-...................... 170,448 5,538,642 3,169,924 864 26.3 8.29 25.5 26.7
1938................................... 137,256 4,412,390 2,723,309 816 25.1 8.16 25.4 22.4
1939............- ..................... 152,871 5,090,789 3,078,185 885 20.3 8.82 26.5 26.1
Southern district:
1926-1930.......... - .............. 122,815 3,314,113 2,127.953 738 30.5 6.65 25.3 36.0
1931-1035_____________ 82,472 2,218.915 1,479,345 704 29.9 6.05 23.7 26.3
1936_________________ 100,550 2, 726,326 1,644,902 784 28.7 6.47 23.9 36.7
1937.................................... 103,155 2,828,202 1,722,530 799 28.9 6.34 23.1 - 37.1
1038.................................... 90,339 2,468,785 1,684.166 701 27.8 6.43 23.7 32.9
1039..............................— 06,383 2,716,931 1,703,419 811 28.6 6.76 24.0 36.9
W estern district:
1926-1930_____________ 234,381 6,902,814 4,014,202 006 24.0 7.08 24.8 33.4
1031-1935_____________ 165,190 4,639,825 2,903.589 511 22.3 5.57 21.5 26.2
1930— ............................... 219,140 5,932,010 3,460,600 563 20.7 5.69 21.0 35.5
1937................................. 228,083 0 ,2 5 0 ,8 2 7 3,688.704 587 21.3 6.72 2 0 .9 37.2
1938...................— .......... 194,703 5,320,858 3,251,670 571 20.8 5.91 21.6 32.6
1939...................-............ - 202,736 5,767,249 3,435,421 605 21.2 6,14 21.6 36.2
1 Figures for 1935 and prior years arc not strictly comparable with thoso forsubsequent years due to change
in tram classifications.
3 D ata are for class 1 roads including switching and terminal companies.
3 Beginning w ith 1917 data available for class I roads only.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of Railways in the United States.
See last paragraph of general note, p. 424, regarding current data.

4 3 4 TKAKSPOBTAT'ION, AIR AND LAND
No. 4 8 7 .— S t e a m - R a il w a y P h e iq h t Se r v ic e — T ons C a r r ie d , T on M i l e s ,
R e v e n u e , a n d A v e r a g e H a u l : 1891 to 1939
N ote.—Figures before lQHi relate to years ended June 30; thereafter to calendar years. Switching and
terminal roads excluded beginning with 1008. Tons are o f 2.000 pounds
CLASS AND YEA R OR
YEARLY AVERAGE
All roads:
1891-1805.
1896-1000.
1006-1010.
1911-1015.
1910-1920.
1921-1926.
1920-1930.
1931-1935.
1900.
1007.
1008.
1900.
1010.
1011.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1015.
1916.
1917.
1918.
1919.
1920.
1921.
1922.
1923.
1024.
1925.
1920.
1927.
1928.
1029.
1930.
1031. ...
1032. ..
1033................
1934 ..
1935 _
1936 ..
1937..............
1938________
Class I reads:
1026-1930.......
1931-1935___
1938________
1937 ..
1938 ..
1930................
Eastern district:
1030................
1037 ..
TONS OF HE V EN U E
FREIG H T CARRIED
(THOUSANDS)
Origin
a te d
6 9 1 ,1 2 0
930,254
1,074,121
1.325,772
1,231,193
1,304,007
798,205
896,169
077,480
809,798
881,334
1,020,492
T o ta l
092,440
874,389
L, 266, 313
1, 073,431
1, 003,074
2,378,104
2,210,317
2,481,018
1,437,728
1,631,374
1,706,337
1,532,982
3,556,560
1,840,000
TONS CARRIED
J MILE
(MILLIONS)
R e v e ­
n u e
freight*
85,093
113,902
107, 710
228,930
277,073
390,815
376,468
430,310
270,192
215,878
236,601
218,382
218,803
255,017
1,003,054 1,781,638 253,784
1,031, 207 1,844,978 204,081
1,182, 548 12 ,058, 035 301,730
1,120,092 2,002, 020 288,037
1,023,803 1,828, 092 277,135
1,317,240 2,347, 390 360,173
1,382,005 2,453,423 398,203
1,376,845 2,477, 092 408,778
1,189,705 2,185, 285 367,101
1,362,999 2, 427, 022 413,099
1,017,818
1,111,822
1,387,755
1,287,413
1,351,155
1,439, 012
1,372, 547
1,371,350
1,419,383
1,220,134
1,808, 836
1,974,618
2,503.117
% 331,291
% 463, 725
2,027,492
2,510,054
2,504,196
2,584,333
2,179,015
417,032 885,023
431,200 930,821
1038 ____________________
317,081 684,171
382,950 831,604
.1030................
Southern district:
1636________
1037 ..
1038 ....
3939................
Western district:
1936 ..
1937 ..
1938 _
944,846
678.854
733,391
802,276
831,656
1,011,530
1,075,237
819,733
1,279, 197
758.855
958,8 3 0
1,015, 586
771,862
001,669
230,502
240,460
107,000
221,446
1,694,075
1,2 2 0 ,078
1,322,463
1,440,434
1,502,590
1,805,767
1 , 9 2 8 , 4 4 4
1,4 8 2 , 5 0 4
2, 341,062
1,305, 784
1, 712, 975
1 , 825, 342
1, 300,250
1,630, 215
342, 222
360,900
300,4.00
338, 710
311,236 485,730
343,920 533, 561
257,712 414,088
1939 ____________________
297,273 465,001
R e v e ­
n u e a n d
n o n re v ­
en u e
309,533............
342,188............
410,256............
391,945............
417,418............
447,444
432,014
430,087
450,189
385,815
311,073
235,309
250,651
270,292
283,637
341,182
362,815
291,806
427,234
268,635
339,240
360,020
290,034
333,438
138,202
145, 618
111,033
133,010
78,314
81,846
68,341
77,660
122,730
133,150
110,710
121,868
468,347
295,021
373,624
305,736
317,613
364.341
148.341
150,222
118,901
143,000
85,593
88,691
73,900
83,5 8 2
139,690
150,8 2 3
121,752
137,759
Revenue
ton-miles
per mile
of road
506,809
011,128
820,016
1,006,849
1,104, 718
1,610,297
1,465,688
1,657,292
1,051,083
982, 401
1,052,119
074, 654
953,986
1,071,086
AVERAGE H AU L,
R EV EN U E
FREIGHT (M ILES)
242.67
246.10
257.95
294. 78
304. 96
316.34
339.12
240. 89
242. 05
253. 94
251.10
249.68
System
Individual
ro a d
123.76
130.33
132.44
136.81
145.50
104.33
169.41
173.44
187.93
132.33
131.71
143.83
141.87
138.31
FR E IG H T R E V E ­
N U E
A m o u n t
(1,000
dolls.)
758,930
879,837
1,298, 713
1,744, 525
2 ,051,625
3,410,200
4,377,618
4,090,122
2,703,001
1,040,387
1,823,052
1,065,410
1,677,615
1,025,553
1, 053, 560 254.10 142.88 1,025,951
1,078, 580 250. 87 143.44 1,908,599
1,190, 397 255.15 a 144. 40 12,198, 931
1,125, 0S4 255. 43 144.17 2 ,1 2 6 , 7 17
1,075, 902 270. GO 151. 55 2, 037,920
1,409,957 277. 08 155.99 2, 031, 092
1, 538, 211 288.18 162.33 2,897,430
1, 582,79G 290. 80 165.02 3,522, 052
1,423,390 308. m 168. 02 3, 624,886
1,597,133 303.52 170.41 4, 420,833
1,19Q, 328
1,330,460
1,615,741
1,581,556
1,613,862
1,732,295
1,668,800
1,677,089
1,727,786
1,481,190
1,196,060
908,296
072,262
1,058,600
1,119,290
1,353,406
1,446,921
1,171,037
1,782,344
1,118,250
1,432.154
1, 530,607
1,235,843
1,427,116
2,359,287
2,499,270
1,912,804
2,322,114
1,744,142
1,827,975
1,530,217
2,746,660
020,020
1 ,0 0 5 ,1 6 0
839,083
927,227
304. II
307.77
299.94
304.44
308.93
310.81
314.75
318.00
317.17
316.21
329.23
346.63
341.7 7
336.91
341.05
337.29
337.43
356.05
333.99
354.50
353.8
365.1
375.8
369.8
331.4
337.7
350.2
340.7
340.4
346.8
350.7
394.3
387.2
429.6
410.0
171, 12
173. 29
166.29
108.12
169. 43
170. 29
172. 11
174.1 4
174. 20
177. Ofl
4,0 0 4 ,1 0 0
4,085,742
4,712,495
4,437,380
4,648,364
4,005,981
4,728,885
4 , 771, 5 6 2
4 ,899,168
4,145,015
Per
tonmile
(cents)
0.389
.772
.774
.762
.740
.876
1.166
1.000
1.023
748
759
754
763
753
.767
.744
1.729
.7 8 7
.736
*lAO
.862
.987
1.000
1 .2 9 4
1.194
1.132
1.132
1,114
1.006
1.095
1.094
1.088
1.074
183. 62 3,302,324 1.062
191. 45 2,485, 475 1.056
180. S3 2,528,088 1.000
187. 65 2,071,001 .9S9
i ss. n 2,831,189 .003
188. 01 3.350, 031 .981
188.14 3,428,421 ,945
100. 87 2, 000,070 .094
182.60 4, 000,341 1. 077
100.00 2, 710, 077 1.013
198.0 3, 302,894 .974
107.0 3,370, 059 .930
207.3 2,852, 112 .983
203.8 3, 244, 446 .973
156.2 1,404, 528 1.016
156.4 1,413, 213 .971
102.3 1,110, 731 1.008
101.0 1,348,811 1. 007
228.8 650,429 .831
226.7 654,127 .799
227.5 581,440 .861
220.3 051,373 .839
252.7 1,247,937 1.017
240.(1 1,303, 619 . 970
207.0 1,150,032 1.039
201.0 1,244,261 1.021
1Glass I and class II roads. 3 Data included for class II and class III roads are partially estim ated.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; aunual report, Statistics of Railways In the United Stutes.
Sen last paragraph of general note, p. 424, regarding current data.

STEAM RAILWAYS 435
No. 4 8 8 .— S t e a m R a i l w a y s ( C l a s s I)— O p e r a t i n g R e v e n u e s , F r e i g h t a n d
P a s s e n g e r R e v e n u e , a n d F r e i g h t T o n - M i l e s , b y M o n t h s
N ote.—Except at times ot general revisions in freight rates changes in freight revenue are closely parallel
to those of ton-mileage. Data, except as indicated, exclude class I switching and terminal companies
TEAR
Average
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
TOTAL OPERATING REVENUES (millions ofdoilers)
1917*__ 337.4 300. S 265,4 317.1 310.8 845. 9 340.7 348.4 360. 2 358. 8 382. 5 367. 3 337.1
IBIS L .. 410.5 285. 4 260. 0 366. 4 371. 6 379. 0 395.2 470.4 604.7 489. 7 490.8 440.9 441.6
lfllfli— 432.0 307. 2 352. 4 377.4 389.5 413.9 426.1 455. 3 471.7 498. 6 509.8 433.1 463.4
10201... 619.0 500.8 424. 6 460,2 402. 3 457.0 404,7 620.1 565.5 618. 9 641.8 502.1 550.6
19211— 464.2 470.4 406. 5 456.0 433.4 444.9 461.0 462.0 506.7 408.3 530.7 465.9 425.3
1622.» — 403.4 301.8 397.4 470.4 412.0 444.6 460.0 430.1 469.2 405.8 644.4 618.2 608.4
1623----- 624.3 497.0 442,1 530.2 517.3 542,1 535.6 530.6 558.5 540.1 5B1.7 526.3 489.3
1624___ 403.6 403.7 474.1 499.7 470.0 472.3 460.9 477.0 503.2 535.5 506.9 500,6 490.0
1025----- 510.2 479.2 450,1 481.1 468.6 483.5 501.7 517.1 549.9 559.9 585.3 527.4 518.7
1926----- 632.7 476.0 455.7 525.7 494.9 612.2 535.4 551.0 573.8 684.8 603.6 556.2 522.1
1927___ 511.7 482.0 464.0 525.2 493.3 513.6 511.0 503.9 551.6 559.5 674.7 498.3 462.6
1928___ 509.5 462.8 451.3 499.0 469.3 606.3 490.9 507.6 552.2 550.4 611.7 526.0 401.1
1626___ 623.6 481.6 470.4 511.3 608.6 531.8 520.0 551.7 580.2 500.7 002.4 494,1 464.2
1930___ 440.1 446.3 423.2 447.7 445.9 467.6 439.7 451.8 461.0 462.2 478.0 394.3 373.9
1931___ 849.0 361.8 332.8 371.9 365.4 364.8 365.8 372.8 360.3 346.3 359.0 301.9 286.4
1932----- 260.0 272.2 264.2 280.7 264.9 251.9 243.5 235.3 249.4 209.5 295.2 260.7 243.3
1933___ 268.0 226.0 212.2 218.1 224.9 255.2 278.3 293.7 297.0 292.2 294.4 267.7 245.3
1934___ 272.6 258.0 248.5 293.2 265.4 2S2.0 282.8 270.0 282.7 275.5 292.9 267.0 267.5
1935___ 287.5 264.2 254.9 280.9 274.7 279.5 281.3 276.3 294.0 306.9 341.0 301.3 208.1
1930___ 337.7 299.1 300,4 308.3 313.4 320.0 330.0 340.7 350.5 357. i 391.3 358,4 372.1
1937___ 347.2 331.7 321.9 377.7 351.5 352.6 861.7 305.1 359.6 363.1 372.0 318.2 300.3
1938— _ 297.1 279.1 251.0 283.0 268.2 272.6 282.1 • 209.0 315.3 322.5 353.4 310.6 318.3
1039....... 332.9 305.8 276.9 315.1 282.1 302.6 321.6 332.4 344.4 381.1 419.7 808.0 346.2
FREIG H T REVENUE (millions of dollars)
1026----- 401.4 347.7 340.6 401.7 370.4 385.3 397.0 409.3 420.3 444.7 472.1 433.2 384. 9
1027___ 387.3 357.9 353.9 400.3 371.4 301.1 381,9 300.9 415.1 420.7 462.7 385.8 334.7
1928___ 391.2 337.8 346.1 388.2 350.4 391.5 370.6 382.0 421.5 423.8 492.8 415.7 367.9
1929___ 402.4 367.0 363.6 303.6 393.5 412.5 360.9 416.8 446.3 435.3 483.3 384.3 341.1
1030___ 340.3 338.0 327.0 345.2 346,6 354.1 331.4 347.1 354.5 363.3 385.5 310.9 280.7
1931___ 271.2 276.9 267.4 291.2 283.5 282.0 281.1 200.1 270.9 270.0 280.0 238.3 214,4
1932___ 204.3 208.4 205.3 224.0 207.9 104.2 186,9 170.9 164.0 214.5 244.0 203.1 188.1
1033___ 207.7 179.2 109.2 176.8 180.2 207.5 223.3 240.2 241.3 235.4 239.6 209.9 101.7
1934----- 219.5 208.8 201.7 241.0 214.3 228.6 225.7 221.3 224.8 220.5 238.8 208.6 190.4
1935----- 233:0 211.5 206.6 229.2 222.6 224.0 225.8 221.1 235.7 250.6 285.4 248.7 234.4
1930----- 275.6 241.1 245.1 261.8 250.3 202.7 268.5 283.9 283.5 291.0 325.9 208.1 200.1
1937___ 281.5 208.7 264.1 313.8 288.6 287.9 281.8 293.1 289.2 203.8 307.1 258,7 231.3
1938....... 288.2 218.3 198.4 227.1 211.4 217.9 222.7 238.1 253.6 261.3 293.7 204.1 251.3
1930....... 270.9 246.8 224.8 257. 5 224.0 243.0 255.8 265.1 276.7 314.4 355.1 310.4 276.2
PASSENGER REVENUE (millions of dollars)
1931___ 45.9 53.3 46.5 47.1 47.3 47.0 61.0 50.3 49.2 44.8 38.2 35.0 40.6
1932----- 31.4 38.0 33.0 84.4 31,0 31.3 32.6 82.7 31.4 30.5 26.2 24.9 30.2
1033___ 27.4 26.7 23.0 21.9 22.0 23.0 31.0 31.0 32.2 32.0 29.8 26.0 29.3
1034___ 28.9 27.2 26.4 27.4 27.0 26.0 31.6 32.2 32.8 30.6 28.6 24.8 32.0
1935___ 29.8 30.5 27.3 27.7 27.2 27.1 81.0 31.6 33.0 30.8 23.6 27.8 34.4
1036.... 34.4 34.1 31.9 30.5 30.7 30.3 34.8 39.1 39.3 30.3 33.9 32.1 30.3
1937___ 36.9 37.4 33,0 35.0 33.7 34.0 38.5 42.1 41.0 38.7 35.5 33.3 39.9
1038....... 33.8 37.4 31.3 31.0 31.8 30.8 34.0 38.0 36.3 34.4 31.4 30.2 37.9
1939___ 34.7 34.8 30.2 31.2 31.8 31.8 38.4 41.3 39.8 37.1 33.4 29.3 37.8
FREIGHT TON-MILES (millions) >
1926... 40,725 37, 680 36,405 38,669 36, 300 39,834 39,252 41, 717 43,734 44,346 48,296 43,360 40,116
1927... 39,559 30,233 3T, 259 41,817 37, 111 40,118 38.477 38,369 41, m 42,959 45,637 37,260 34, 592
1928... 39,769 36,289 36,723 39,486 35,887 39,263 37,307 30.153 42,425 43,791 48,234 41,991 37,673
1029... 41.026 39.210 38,140 40,228 38,346 41,840 40,740 42,009 44, 950 44,222 47,836 38,741 36,046
1930--. 35,179 36,718 34,347 35,301 34, 900 36, 573 34,417 35,595 37,423 36,232 39,294 32,310 20,034
1931... 28,340 80,308 27,097 20, 961 28,711 30,010 23,254 30,276 29,361 27,842 30,679 26,084 22,662
1932.... 21,587 22,855 21,718 23,681 21, 259 19,872 18,673 19,065 20,071 22,709 26,375 21,750 21,107
1933__ 22,924 19.987 19,118 19,851 19,831 21,734 23,710 26,408 26,404 26,130 26,414 23,037 22,000
1934.,. 24,805 23,771 23,199 27,796 23,475 25,262 25,203 24,260 25,405 25,889 26, 504 23,785 23,102
1035... 26,031 24,007 24,124 27,598 23,340 24,672 26,961 23,174 25,938 27,731 31, 218 27,482 26,179
1030--. 31,087 27,857 29,151 27, 995 28,131 29,894 28,757 31,131 32,091 33,047 37,143 33,869 33,972
1937... 32,083 33,138 32,218 36,055 32, 201 34,090 31,848 33,745 33, 690 34,862 30,700 29,007 27, 417
1938... 20,617 20,406 23,182 26,036 22,784 23,697 23,881 26,305 27,434 29,110 32,759 28,474 28,129
1939__ 30,393 28,155 25,558 28,834 23, 982 25,741 28,465 29,824 31, 380 36,115 40,066 35,131 31,460
i Including switohing and terminal companies. 1 Revenue and nonrevenue.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; monthly reports, Operating Revenues and Operating E x­
penses of Class I Steam Railways and Operating Statistics of Class I Steam Railways. Seo last paragraph
of general note, p. 421, regarding ourrent data.

4 3 6 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND RAND
N o. 4 8 9 . — S t e a m R a il w a y s — P a s s e n g e r s C a r r ie d a n d P a s s e n g e r R e v e n g e :
1891 to 1939
Note.—F igures relate to years ended Juno 30 prior to 1916, to calendar years thereafter. Passcuger
service revenue per train-m ile includes revenue from mail, express, etc., but average revenue per passenger-mile
is computed only from revenue from passengers themselves
CLASS AND YEAR OH
YEARLY AVERAGE
Passengers
carried
(thousands)
P assengers
carried
1 mile
(millions)
Average
journey
per
passenger
(miles)
Passenger
trainmiles
(thousands)
1
Passenger
train
car-miles
(thousands)
i
Passenger
revenue
(thousand
dollars)
Pas*
sengor
service
train
revenue
per
trainm
ile1
Revenue
per
passenger
per
mile
(cts.)
Average
passongors
per
train 1
All roads:
1891-1895................ 546,762 13,383 24.48 321,031 281,415 $1.06 2.10 42
1896-1000................ 520,459 13,863 26.64 345,467
279,900 .09 2.02 39
1901-1905 ............ 681,261 20,737 30.44 423,244
416,600 1.11 2.01 45
1906-1910 885,003 28,683 32.41 609,868
566,815 1.26 1.98 53
1911-1916....... ......... 1,018,804 33,708 33.14 587,501 3,264,399 672,702 1.32 1.99 54
1910-1920________ 1, 152,666 42,648 36.92 572,215 3,447,4 6 4 1,021,6 3 6 *2.13 2.40 372
1921-1925............... 982.320 36,809 37.53 571,465 3.603,117 1.112.634 *2.47 3.02 205
1926-1930................ 801,603 31,846 39.73 569,310 3,818,089 908.341 22.16 2.85 356
1931-1935................ 433,006 18,375 38.04 410,509 2.745,969 302,860 *1.38 2.14 »45
1910......................... 071,083 32,338 33.50 549,015 2,998,171 628,992 I 30 1.94 56
1911......................... 907,410 33,202 33.48 572,920 3, 136,774 657,638 1.31 1.97 55
1012........................ 1,004,081 33,132 3a 18 585,854 3, 235,634 600,373 1.29 1.90 53
1913......................... 1,043,603 34,673 3a 3 1 3693,001 >3, 320, 488 >005,988 3 1.30 3 2. 01 3 56
1914......................... 1,003, 249 35,357 33.26 605; 212 3, 399,604 703,484 3 1. 34 1. 99 150
1916......................... 985, 070 32, 476 32.95 580, 448 3, 229, 496 646.475 3 1. 31 1.99 3 53
1910......................... 1,048,087 36, 220 33.68 595,441 3, 409, 039 722,359 3 1. 44 2.05 3 66
1917......................... 1, 109,943 40,100 36, 13 503,338 3, 485,788 840,910 3 1.00 2.10 3 05
1018......................... 1,122,963 43, 212 38.48 544, 321 3, 276, 489 1,04Q, 160 *2. 23 2,42 3 76
1010......................... 1, 211, 022 46,838 38.63 653, 147 3, 446, 787 1,193, 431 22. 40 2.55 382
1920......................... 1,269,913 47, 370 37.30 574,826 3, 018,617 1, 304,815 1 2. 78 2.7(5 3 80
1021......................... 1,001, 131 37,706 35. 53 508, 242 3, 503, 514 1, ICO, 252 22. 51 3.00 1 57
1022......................... 980, 500 35,811 36.19 653,919 3, 445,869 1, 087,516 22. 60 3. 04 3 06
1023......................... 1, 008, 538 38,204 37. 07 673, 938 3, 610,342 1,158,025 22. 60 3 .0 3 3 07
1924......................... 950,459 30, 368 38. 20 570, 384 3,070, 740 1, 085, C72 22. 41 2.09 3 03
1925......................... 01)1,963 36,107 40.10 581, 702 3,773, 114 1,004,080 22 37 2.94 63
1020......................... 874, 589 35,673 40.70 584,972 3,862,610 1,049,210 1 2.33 2.04 101
1927......................... 840,030 33,798 40.23 578; 355 a ssa no 08a 528 1 2.23 2.00 3 59
1928........................ 798,476 31,718 39.72 570,038 3,815,337 905,271 32.13 2.85 156
1929......................... 780.432 31,165 39.63 568.095 3,870,903 876.929 12.18 a 8i 1 66
1930......................... 707,987 20,876 37.96 545,091 3,691,480 730,766 i l . 86 2.72 140
1031......................... 599,227 21.933 36.60 485,538 3,274,812 551,726 U . 61 a 52 45
1032....................... 480, 718 10.997 35.36 419,088 2,743,437 377,511 11.33 2.22 MO
1033.—................... 434,848 16.368 37.64 380,435 2.496,909 329,816 1 1.27 2.02 M3
1034......................... 452,176 18,009 39.96 381,611 2,574,329 346,870 1 1.33 1.02 *47
1035................... . . . « 8 , 059 1 8 ,5 0 9 41.31 385,874 2,640,297 356.423 >1.36 1.94 i 47
1936................... 492,493 22,460 45.60 409,072 2,930,332 413,189 31.46 1.84 l 56
1937...................... 499,688 24,695 49.42 420,819 3,091,132 443,532 i 1.50 1.80 i 50
1938..................... . 454.508 21,657 47.65 398,145 2,933,233 406,406 *1.46 1.88 *55
Class I roads:
1916-1920 .............. 1,114,055 41,980 37.69 556,405 3,406,925 1,005,600 2.13 % 40 72
1921-1925................ 962, 153 36; 550 37.99 558,568 3,572; 292 1,100.602 2.47 3.01 05
1920-1030................ 793,335 31,724 39.09 560.633 3,800,660 903,748 2.15 2.85 50
1931-1935................ 480,761 18,343 38.15 405,992 2.738,583 391,826 1.38 2.14 45
1935........................ 445,872 18,476 41.44 381,747 2,633,768 357,493 1.35 1.93 47
m e ......................... 490,001 22,421 45.7 5 404,676 2,919,220 412,144 1.46 1.84 55
1937......................... 407,288 24,656 40.68 416,385 3,080,215 442,518 1.50 1.79 59
1038................... 452,731 21,629 47.77 303,792 2,923,027 405,598 1.40 1.87 5&
1939................... 450,373 22,681 50.29 390,883 2,976,513 416,531 1.52 1.84 58
Baatern district:
1930......................... 351,856 11,841 33.66 169,442 1,220,527 232,375 1.82 1.96 70
1937......................... 354,035 12,968 36.63 173,151 1.278,739 243.425 1.84 1.88 75.
1938........................ 327,742 11,618 36.45 161,847 1.197,118 224,193 1.81 1.03 72
1939......................... 334,772 12,015 35.89 162,328 1,225,561 232,376 1.89 1.93 74
Southern distriot:
1936_____ ______ 63, m 3,133 59.0 4 70,508 500,281 55,328 X. 22 1 .7 7 4 4
1937..................— - 57,193 3,405 59.64 70,770 517,936 60,943 1.30 1.79 48
1938.......... ............ 47,547 2,603 56.01 67,716 488,296 53,217 1.20 2.00 30
1939........................ 49,299 2,976 60.35 66,204 495,193 53,474 1.25 1.80 46
Western district:
1936,.................... 85,161 7,447 87.44 164,726 1,198,412 124,441 1.20 1. 67 45
1937......................... 86,060 8,282 96.24 172,464 1,283,540 138,150 1.23 1. 67 48
1938____________ 77,442 7, 348 9188 104,229 1,238,213 128,188 1.22 1. 74 45
1939..-.................... 66,302 7,661 115.55 102,351 1,255,759 130,681 1.26 1.71 47
1Figures for 1935 and prior years are not strictly comparable with those for subsequent years due to
change in train classifications.
* Data available for class I roads only. J Class I and class I I roads.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of .Railways in the United States,
gee last paragraph of goner&l note, p. 124, regarding currout data.

STEAM RAILWAYS 4 3 7
N o . 4 9 0 .— St e a m R a il w a y s— R e v e n u e s , E x p e n s e s , a n d I n c o m e : 1,891 to 1939
N o t e .—D ata relate to years ended June 30 prior to 1916, to calendar years thereafter. The method of
calculating net revenue and net operating income is more fully shown in table 491. Switching and
terminal companies are excluded beginning with 1908; operating revonues of switching and terminal
companies, 1934, $61,010,000; 1936, $68,560,000; 1936, $88,806,000; 1937, $94,648,000; 1038, $70,536,000; operating
expenses, 1934, $44,960,000; 1935, $48,224,000; 1936, $68,186,000; 1937, $06,366,000; 1038, $52,120,000
CLASS AND YEAR OR
YEARLY AVERAGE
All roads;
1891-1805........
1896-1900........
1901-1905........
1906-1910........
1911-1915.......
1916-1920____
1921-1926.......
1926-1930........
1931-1935........
1907................
1008................
1909 _____
1910 ...........
1911 ...........
1912 ...........
1913 ...........
1914...............
1915................
1910................
1917 .......... .
1918 .......... .
1919 .......... .
1920 ...........
1921 ...........
1922 ...........
1923 ...........
1924 ................
1925 ...........
1926 ...........
1027_..............
1928 .......... .
1929 ................
1930 ...........
1931 ...........
1932 ...........
3933................
1934................
1936 _____
1936..............
1937 ...........
1938 ..........
Class I roads:
1921-1025___
1926-1030___
1931-1935___
1936................
1937................
1938 ..........
1930..............
Eastern district:
1030................
1037 ...........
1038 ......... .
1939 .........
Southern district:
1030................
1939...............
Western district:
1930..............
1937 _____
1938 ..........
1939 ..........
Average
IN C O M E ACCOUNT IT E M S (T H O U SA N D S OF D O LLA R S)
miles
ofline
N et
Net
(first Operatining
Operat­
revenue Tax railway
track)
from ac­
operat­
operated
revenues expenses operationcrualing
income
P E R M IL E OF
L IN E
Operating
revenues
Not
revenue
from
operations
Percent
a ting
expenses
of
revenues
169,378 1,127,531 760.688 367,942 34,915 333,027 $6,657 $2,172 07.37
180,001 1,204,048 832,377 431,671 41,970 389,701 6,796 2,321 65.85
200. 050 1,854,682 1,226,737 627,945 53,106 574,84C 9,001 3,048 66.14
229,404 2,528, 171 1.705. 542 822,030 80,931 727,407 11,021 3,586 67.48
240,002 3,007, 202 2,128,282 333,980 123, 345 729,172 12,178 3,58C 70. 61
258. 205 4,870,468 3,971,468 899,015 227,68C 624,304 18,85C 3,481 81. 64
257,032 6,003,699 4,684,135 1,310,668 328,822 893,332 23,27C 5, Ilf 78.02
260,040 0,139,209 4,502,020 1,637,240 386,732 1,125,22! 23,645 6,306 73. 33
257, 098 3.473,819 2,622,222 851,597 265,137 460,435 13, 512 3,312 75.49
227.455 2. 589,106 1,748, 616 840,690 73,743 766.84( 11,383 3,696 67. 53
227,267 2,440,030 1,710.40! 780,237 78,674 634,79! 10, 74C 3,21c 70. 08
232,981 2,473, 206 1,050,084 823,171 85,14C 710,474 10,615 3,532 66. 72
236,987 2,812,142 1,881,87! 930,263 98,035 805,007 11,866 3,925 66. 92
243,434 2,852, 855 1,970,832 876,523 102,657 744,069 11,719 3,601 69. 28
246,829 2,906,416 2,035,058 871,368 113,819 727,46! 11,775 3,53C 70.02
1242,657 13,193,118 ■2,235,028 1957.195 1122,005 ■805,26C ‘ 18,16! ‘ 3,945 170. 02
254,775 3,127, 73C 2,280,418 847,314 140,47C 674,19C 12,27C 3,32C 72. 91
256, 214 2,056, 193 2,088,683 807,510 137,775 004,270 11, 538 3,386 70. 65
257,325 3, 691, 066 2,420,251 1,264,814 101,826 1,058,50! 14,344 4,916 66. 73
268,913 4,115, 413 2,906.282 1,209, 13C 218,632 060, 657 15,895 4,07! 70. 62
258,263 4,085, 29C 4,071,622 013,768 229,532 646,223 19,803 3,538 81. 07
257,94C 5,250,420 4,498,817 751,003 230, 136 454,132 20,354 2,914 85.68
269,020 6,310,151 5,054,394 355,757 289,272 12,101 24,301 1,373 94.38
258,080 5,632,066 4,008,998 003,007 283.163 601,139 21,826 3,734 82.89
267,196 5,674,483 4,600,991 1,164,492 308,146 760,411 22,063 4,622 79.48
267,626 6,419,21C 4,999,388 1,410,827 339,577 974.918 24.917 5,51] 7 7 . 8 8
258,104 6,046,255 4,008,801 1,436,446 347,437 084,468 23,422 6,565 76.24
258,04f 0,246,883 4,633,497 1,613,386 365,790 1,136,728 24,152 6,238 74.17
268,296 6,508,670 4,766,235 1,742,444 306,538 1,229,020 26,109 6,746 73.23
268,877 6,245,71( 4,662,521 1,583,105 383,112 1,077,842 24,126 6 , 11C 74. 06
260,026 0,212, m 4,508,60f 1,703,868 395.631 1.182,467 23.892 6,552 72.57
200,653 • 6 .3 7 3 ,0 0 4 4,670,162 1,793,842 402,698 1,202,630 24,459 6,885 71.86
200,475 5,356,484 3,993,621 1,362,863 353,881 874,154 20,664 6,232 74.56
259,880 4,240,385 3,273,906 972,479 308,492 628,20! 16,339 3,742 77.10
259,06( 3,108,537 2,441,814 726,723 279,263 325,332 12,231 2.805 77.00
257,802 3,138,180 2,285,21E 852,968 253,622 477,32C 12,173 3,30G 72.82
255,32'i 3,316,86] 2,479,095 836,864 243,04f 465,898 12,991 3,278 74.77
253,403 3,499, X2C 2,030,173 868,949 240,760 505,415 13,808 3,42! 76.17
252,091 4.108.653 2,973,361 1,135,292 324,868 675,600 16,298 4,501 72.37
250,75C 4,226,325 3,165,154 1,061,171 331,013 597,841 16,865 4,232 74.89
249,110 3,616,072 2,762,681 853,391 346,236 376,865 14,516 3,426 70.40
235,302 5,881,856 4,583,425 1,298,431 321,536 883.599 24,907 5,518 77.02
239,703 0,038,33! 4,421,69£ 1,616,64C 379,941 1,114,903 25,191 6,741 73.23
240,242 3,426,801 2,582,108 844,638 260,971 457,73! 14,264 3,6ie 75.35
236,873 4,052,734 2,931,425 1,121,309 319,753 667,347 17.109 #731 72.33
235,376 4,106, OOt 3,110,065 1,047,004 325,665 590.204 17,700 4,448 74.87
234,482 3,60S, 401 2,722,19! 843,202 340,782 372,874 15,200 3,690 76.35
233,404 3,996,004 2,918,210 1,076,794 355,677 588,829 17,116 4,613 73.05
58,578 1,787,058 1,205,002 402,596 139,482 289,008 30,518 8,400 72.44
58,129 1,812,675 1,302,75! 449,916 143,457 247,194 31,184 7,740 75.18
57,898 1,474,83! 1,136,002 838,837 143,607 185,900 25,473 5,852 77.03
57,526 1,720,110 1, 259,330 406,771 140,887 252,804 30,006 8,114 72. 90
44,901 766, 585 505,023 251,562 66,002 177,302 16,860 5,003 86.75
44,774 767,584 531,58E 235,905 68,229 160,029 17.144 5,271 69. 25
44,661 681,867 433,972 197,895 69,256 119,424 16,268 4,431 70.98
44,462 764,098 514,390 239,702 74,452 157,850 16,061 5,301 68. 21
188,399 1,608,491 1,131,340 877,151 114,259 200,977 11,308 2,827 75. 00
132,473 1,585, SIC 1,224,717 861,093 113,979 182,981 11,97) 2,72! 77.23
131,92c 1,408,785 1,102,225 300,660 127,919 117,544 10,679 2,324 78.24
131,416 1,514,796 1,144,476 370,321 131,338 178,115 11,527 2,818 75.55
t Class I and class I I roads.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report. Statistics of Railways in the United States.
See last paragraph of general note, p. 424, regarding current data.

4 3 8 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND' LAND
No. 491.— S t e a m R a i l w a y s ( C l a s s I)— I n c o m e A c c o u n t o p O p e r a t i n g R o a d s :
1921 t o 1939
N ote,—All figures in thousands of dollars. Switching and term inal companios are excluded
ITEM
1021-
1925
(average)
m e­
m o
(average)
1931-
1035
(average)
1930' 1037 i 1938 1 1939 '
Revenues,............................. 5,881,856 6,038,339 3,426,801 4,052,734 4.166,069 3,666,491 3,996,004
F reight............................... 4,277,134 4,600,341 2,719,977 3,308,641 3,377,909 2,858,077 3,261,096
Passenger..........................- 1.100.603 903,748 391,826 412,379 442,809 405,883 410,903
M ail..................................... 04,000 111,887 95,530 95, 576 97, 084 95,063 00,012
Express............................... 137,880 130,570 57,948 60,187 57, 683 48,462 65,190
All other transportation. 129,878 130,666 81,230 80,804 89,159 75, 804 82,503
All other.............................. 141,455 146,128 80,291 89,168 100, 526 81,802 90,240
Expenses................................ 4,633,428 4,421,699 2, 582,163 2,931,425 3,119, 066 2,722,189 2,918,210
M aintenance, way, oto... 781, 677 826,820 392,009 464,810 495, 694 420,147 400,831
Maintenance, equipment. 1,297,802 1,178,252 670,879 783,000 826, 709 076, 607 705,935
Traffic......................... ....... 03,910 123,60S 90,544 100,128 105, 478 102, 632 100,735
Transportation................. 2,104,358 2,054,865 1, 235,538 1,405,467 1, 510, 275 1, 301,533 1, 417,794
All other.................... ....... 215,769 238,148 186,533 188,030 181, 009 101,480 160,016
Net revenue from railway
operations...................... 1,298,431 1,616,640 844,638 1,121,399 1, 047, 004 843,292 1,076,794
Deduct—
Tax accruals...................... 321, 530 379,941 200,971 310,763 325, 005 340,782 355,077
Uncollectible revenues... 1,805 1,427 1,009 m (» (i) (>)
Equipm ent rents---------- 07,069 01,786 88,963 94,468 06,021 04,905 06,518
Joint lacility rents............ 23, 742 28,583 35,800 39,751 80,114 34,071 35,770
Net railway operating incom
e....................... ........... 883, 599 1,114, 903 457,739 667,847 690, 204 372, B74 683,829
ITEM .
EASTERN DISTINCT SOUTHERN DISTRICT WESTERN DISTRICT
19371 1939* 19391 1937> 19381 19391 10371 1938 > 19391
Revenues_________ 1,812,675 1,474,839 1,726,110 767,684 681,867 754,098 1, 686,810 1,408,785 1,614,796
Freight................... 1,413.213 1.119, 730 1,348,811 654,127 581,440 651,372 1,310,669 1,156,808 1,250,013
Passenger____ . . . 243,425 224,103 232,370 60,043 53,217 53.474 138,441 128,473 131,063
M all........................ 37,418 36,673 37,803 17,050 16,623 1G, 018 43,510 42; 707 44,201
Express.............. — 23,620 17,044 22,034 11,732 10,203 11,035 22,431 20,615 21,221
All othor trensportatlon______
45,338 30, 505 40,101 9,667 8,333 8,624 34,164 30,406 33,778
All othor................ 40,761 40,134 43,935 14,050 12,042 12,675 36,705 29,626 33,630
Expenses..________ 1,362,769 1,138,002 1,269,339 631,689 483,972 514,306 1,224,717 1,102,225 1,144,476
M a in te n a n c e ,
way, oto______ 195,601 153,419 177,082 85,688 76,489 83, 294 214,245 190,239 206,455
M a in t e n a n c e ,
equipm ent........ 374, HE 282,465 339,833 149,647 131,039 145,713 302,044 263,006 .280,389
Traffic._________ 38,783 37,245 38, G8C 19,85(1 10,519 20,200 40,841 45,70S 47,840
Transportation. . . 076,732 690,351 037,442 245,645 228,73fl 236,901 587,898 536,431 543,461
All o ther............... 77,405 66,518 00,290 30,755 28,189 28,279 72,789 60,773 66,340
Net revenue from
railwayoperations. 449,916 338, 837 466,771 236,996 197,895 239,702 361,003 306,660 370,321
Deduct—
T ax accruals......... 143,45$ 143.607 149,887 68,221 69, 25C 74,452 113,078 127,919 131,338
Equipm ent rents. 39,326 40,681 44,231 3,78! 5,32) 3,558 51,012 48,9-11 48,730
Joint facility rents. 10,038 18,635 19,790 3,054 3,888 3,842 12,222 12,148 12,138
Net railway operat-
,ing income______ 247,194 135, 906 262,864 160,029 119,424 167,850 182,981 117, (44 178,115
i Bail line and water line transportation combined in the several accounts; w ater line transportation
Included In “ All other" in prior years.
’-Account eliminated.
Source; Interstate Commorco Commission; annual report, Statistics of Railways in the United States
See last paragraph of general note, p. 424, regarding current data.

STEAM RAILWAYS 4 3 9
N o. 4 9 2 .— St Jjam R a il w a y s (C la ss I)— R a il w a y T a x A c c r u a l s, b y St a t e s :
1920 to 1938
N o te .—Data for all years exclude switching and terminal companies and include nonoperating subsidiaries.
Total railroad taxes, Federal and State, in 1988, by classes, were as follows: Class I and subsidiaries,
$343,193,700 (including $31 British, $723,421 Canadian, $11, Cuban, and $112,624 Mexican taxes and an
adjustment of $87,901 not localized by States); class II and subsidiaries, $4,648,548, class III and subsidiaries,
$808,092; switching and terminal companies, $16,117,135; grand total, $364,767,565
STATE
AMOUNT (THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
PER MILE OP LINE (DOLLARS)
1320 1925 1930 1035 1937 1938 1930 1835 1937 1938
Total.................. 282,761 359,370 346,207 238,372 328,251 342,386 1, 519 1,032 1,476 1, 546
U. S. Government
taxes........................ 50,543 87,680 40,086 26, 796 69,997 77,423 178 119 315 350
New England:
M aine,................... 1,725 1,977 1,908 1,232 1,359 1,488 963 630 732 807
New Hampshire.-- 1,005 1,042 1,126 718 820 816 000 703 844 82B
Vermont................. 451 453 407 413 403 606 540 553 618 839
Massachusetts........ 3,330 3,920 4,700 3,904 4,766 5,227 2,369 2,058 2,489 2, 827
Rhode Island......... 685 004 087 664 715 741 3,033 3,570 3,845 4,164
Connecticut............ 1, 075 2,058 1,072 711 001 981 1,737 731 080 1,090
Middle Atlantic:
Now York.............. 17,861 22,613 27,878 23,685 28,763 32,670 3,401 3,039 3,753 4, 351
New Jersey______ 11,189 37,355 20,442 17,520 19,122 20,862 9,051 8,908 0,003 10, 546
Pennsylvania......... 9,342 11,134 12,440 0,342 17,230 14,384 1,235 923 1,732 1,453
South Atlantic:
Delaware................ 165 182 166 161 280 297 567 501 034 1 ,0 0 0
Dlst. ot Columbia.. 70 126 144 138 281 355 4,178 3,937 8,016 10,156
Maryland............... 2,004 1,352 2,076 1,748 2,762 2,659 1,820 1,537 2,436 2,347
Virginia................... 4,605 5,614 7,318 5,102 6,491 6,819 1,769 1,259 1,561 1,043
Wost Virginia......... 3,879 6,046 8,109 8,220 8,373 8,403 2,193 2,318 2,379 2,372
North Carolina___ 2,129 4,748 5,392 8,606 4,239 4,217 1,309 994 1,147 1,154
South Carolina....... 1,951 2,840 3,489 2,390 2,486 2,231 1,106 763 796 721
Georgia______ ___ 2,481 3,310 3,960 2; 434 3,046 3,361 719 448 561 610
Florida.................... 2,167 3,888 4,904 3,039 2,081 3,231 965 613 621 673
East North Central;
O hio...................... 16,842 18,518 19,928 10,452 13,089 14,125 2,334 1,240 1,662 1,681
Indiana_____ ____ 9,422 11,627 13.852 6,520 7,691 7,846 2,011 956 1,147 1,174
Illinois................... 16,422 21,576 22,084 13,010 17,527 17,520 1,827 1,145 1,483 1,482
Michigan______ — 7,579 7,066 10,816 5,340 6,535 6,656 1,469 771 951 971
Wisconsin_______ 6,876 7,206 7,201 4,921 5,411 5,800 1,034 734 814 884
Vest North Central:
Minnesota...........— 9,753 7,966 6,778 4,291 7,384 6,099 823 528 917 759
Iowa____________ 7,855 6,842 8,026 3,804 4,266 4,074 831 404 464 440
M issouri.,.______ 3,350 3,716 4,284 3,336 4,352 4,644 566 471 622 669
North Dakota____ 4,997 4,290 4,110 2,114 2,515 2,714 799 410 490 529
South Dakota____ 3,718 3,161 2,606 2; 191 1,897 1,828 644 532 462 448
Nebraska................ 4,159 4,747 4,622 3,060 3,923 3,088 749 501 643 665
Kansas__________ 6,188 6,070 8,871 6,232 6,963 6,890 968 721 810 807
East South Central:
Kentucky............... 2,184 4,246 5,373 3,552 5,290 5,747 t, 411 979 1,466 1,697
Tennesseo............... 2,584 3,107 3,029 2,558 3,337 3,603 1,002 725 070 1,074
Alabama________ 2,548 2,687 3,681 2,378 2,403 2,558 . 797 522 544 567
Mississippi. _____ 3,612 5,064 5,047 2,037 3,424 3,320 1,322 801 934 905
Vest South Central:
Louisiana________ 3,788 4,578 5,098 4,087 4,206 4,415 1,280 1,046 1,080 1,135
Texas...................... 5,098 8,614 7,614 5,487 6,611 7,088 494 367 448 481
Oklahoma_______ 6,463 5,082 6,408 3,007 4,103 4,390 004 560 648 704
Arkansas...____ _ 3,912 2,643 3,025 2,290 2,299 2,499 090 539 553 603
Mountain:
Montana________ 4,284 4,728 6,178 4,460 4,82L 4,631 1,016 881 059 921
Wyoming______ _ 1,213 1,660 1,970 1,071 2 ,0 0 1 2,088 1,071 900 1,088 1,126
Colorado................. 3,344 3,719 4,271 3,363 4,664 4,637 072 773 1,146 1,137
New Mexico_____ 2,467 2,212 2,785 1,883 2,055 1,912 903 603 755 703
Arizona_________ 1,672 2,485 3,100 3,055 2,621 2,800 1,403 1,401 1,281 1,368
U ta h -..................... 1,856 2,161 2,404 2,243 2,371 2,520 1,142 1,087 1,100 1,236
N evada..________ 1,543 1,762 1,970 1,756 2,0-46 2,106 1,163 1,041 1,213 1,250
Idaho___________ 3,844 2,872 3,244 2| 516 2,729 2,513 1,219 962 1,009 929
Paoiflc:
Washington______ 8,796 6,647 7,430 3,882 4,353 4,527 1,480 787 883 919
Oregon__________ 2,722 2,736 3,064 2,413 2,505 2,786 1,110 782 866 929
California____ ___ 7,187 12,863 13,210 6,229 8,656 9,623 1,842 869 1,234 1,384
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of Hallways In the United States.

4 4 0 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND
No. 4 9 3 .— Stea m R a il w a y s— R e v e n u e F r e ig h t O r ig in a t e d a n d C a r r ie d ,
by C ommodity G r o u p s, Al l R o a d s, 1906 to 1916, C la ss I R o a d s, 1910 to
1939
N o t e .— All figures in thousands o( tons of 2,000 pounds, Data relate to years ended Juno 30 prior to 1016,
to calendar years thereafter. Switching and terminal roads excluded beginning with 1908. Figures for
1911 to 1016, lnolusive, exclude class III roads but this affects the comparability very slightly; those after
1916 exclude both class II and class III, thereby reducing the grand total about 6 percent. Nonrevenue
freight is eicluded; this is a large item in the case of a few commodities, notably coal 1
CLASS OF ROAD AND YEAR
OR YEARLY AVERAGE
Total
PRODUCTS OF
MINES
Coal
and
coke
Other
Products
of
. agriculture
Animals
and
products
Prodacts
of
forests
MANUFACTURES
AND MISCELLA­
NEO US
Carload
shipments
Less
than
carload
I . REVENUE FREIGHT
ORIGINATED
All roads:
1006-1010................................ ‘ 930,256 7 3 ,8 6 4 20,000 324,282 147,8 0 4 9 8 ,8 7 9 1 6 2 ,2 2 5 33,991
1911-1 9 1 6 ‘ ............................. ‘ 1,0 5 3 ,6 4 8 9 0 ,0 0 5 25,731 392,808 192,0 5 8 101,143 1 8 1 ,1 0 1 41,314
Class I;
1910-1920................................ 1 1,210,4 6 2 112,0 3 8 32,039 480,120 229,8 1 6 97,3 5 1 2 3 1 ,0 0 1 52,914
1921........................................... 940,183 114,0 0 9 24,203 376,221 135,0 5 0 7 0 .4 1 9 1 7 2 ,1 6 9 41,002
1922........................................... 1,023,7 4 5 111, 787 26,230 351,846 181,1 5 2 8 9 ,0 5 9 2 2 0 ,4 4 2 43,229
1923......................... ................. 1,2 7 9 ,0 3 0 109,3 1 8 28,2 5 4 471,854 241,881 1 1 5 ,6 1 8 2 6 7 ,7 6 7 44,338
1924........................................... 1,187,2 9 6 116,5 8 7 27,747 414,499 223,0 8 3 1 0 8 ,0 9 4 2 5 6 ,7 3 7 40,549
1025........................................... 1,2 4 7 ,2 4 2 109,313 26,3 2 4 424,403 253,9 3 3 107,391 285, 291 40,587
1926........................................... 1 ,3 3 0 ,1 4 2 111,7 8 7 26,243 486,944 2 7 0 ,7 5 9 104,851 2 9 6 ,0 6 7 39,491
1927........................................... 1,281,011 113, 342 26,003 440,891 2 63,511 99,3 5 1 2 9 1 ,0 7 8 38,440
1928........................................... 1 ,2 85,943 118, 022 25,0 3 4 432,206 264,2 8 7 9 6 ,7 3 7 3 1 2 ,0 1 3 36,954
1929........................................... 1,339,091 115, 343 24,907 459,397 278,4 8 2 0 4 ,8 5 5 3 3 0 ,0 0 4 30,043
1930........................................... 1 ,1 63,197 110, 728 23,129 407,037 234,6 0 0 69,371 277, 765 29.007
1931........................................... 804,186 0 7 ,4 8 7 21,632 339, 536 102,367 43, 024 207, 366 22,774
1932........................................... 646,228 80,9 1 7 18,055 281,224 8 1 ,0 0 2 26,1 0 9 143, 682 15,234
1033........................................... 608,943 81, 702 17,851 296.478 0 8 ,5 8 7 33,1 6 5 157,000 14.351
1934........................................... 765,200 7 9 ,3 0 5 20,303 323,500 1 12,880 3 5 ,6 5 0 1 79,253 14,345
1935........................................... 789,027 70, 338 15,125 320,628 124,508 4 2 ,4 8 3 196, 506 14,039
1936........................................... 958,830 86, 648 16,209 369,101 172,387 5 3 ,1 5 0 2 4 5 ,0 3 7 10.292
1 9 3 7 - ...................................... 1,016,580 8 9 ,4 0 0 15, 233 307,388 2 02,357 5 8 ,6 5 8 2 0 5 ,3 0 2 17,188
1938........................................... 771,862 05, 390 14,760 287,505 121,3 3 0 4 3 ,9 7 3 1 9 4 ,5 1 2 14,392
1930.......................................... 001,609 91, 564 16,040 330,947 165,9 9 2 5 0 ,1 5 6 2 3 3 ,0 8 6 14,875
Eastern district:
1937........................................... 431,200 1 8 ,8 6 7 3 ,8 8 8 189,542 5 0 ,2 8 1 4 ,7 9 0 1 6 5 ,2 7 2 8 ,5 2 4
1938........................................... 317,081 1 8 ,8 9 0 3 ,0 5 7 146,983 3 3 ,6 0 6 3 ,5 0 2 1 0 3 ,5 2 0 6,923
1939........................................... 382,950 1 9 ,7 9 7 3 ,8 6 0 170,395 45,101 3 ,5 0 3 1 3 2 ,9 4 9 7 ,3 4 6
Southern district:
1937........................................... 240,466 1 1 .3 9 5 1,359 145,130 2 8 .0 6 9 1 8 ,6 6 4 3 2 ,4 4 6 3 ,4 0 3
1938...................................... 197.069 1 1 ,9 0 6 1 ,3 9 9 114,366 2 4 ,5 4 6 1 4 ,6 1 7 2 7 ,3 0 2 2 ,9 4 4
1 9 3 9 - ..................................... 221,446 1 1 ,0 8 6 1,460 131,977 2 5 ,9 7 6 1 6 ,9 4 6 3 0 ,9 3 6 3 ,0 6 5
Western district:
1937......................................... 343,920 5 0 .1 6 8 0 ,0 8 6 32,716 1 2 4 ,0 0 7 3 5 ,1 9 8 7 7 ,5 8 4 6,261
1938........................................... 257,712 6 4 ,5 9 4 9 ,7 0 4 26,107 6 3 ,1 7 8 2 5 ,8 5 4 6 3 .6 9 0 4 ,5 2 5
1039........................................... 297,273 6 0 ,6 8 1 9 ,7 2 9 28,575 9 4 ,9 1 5 2 9 ,7 0 7 6 9 ,2 0 1 4 ,4 6 5
n . TOTAL REVENUE FREIGHT
CARRIED *
AH roads:
1906-1010................................ ‘ 1 ,6 73,431 1 5 0 ,3 8 4 38,769 589,884 2 2 8 ,5 6 3 1 6 8 ,0 2 3 3 1 4 ,0 0 7 6 9 ,2 7 7
1911-1916 >............................. ‘ 1,8 8 1 ,6 3 5 1 9 3 ,2 5 2 4 4 ,1 9 4 712,193 2 8 4 ,4 9 9 1 8 3 ,2 0 2 3 5 6 ,6 6 9 7 1 ,3 4 7
Glass I:
1916-1920................................ 1 2 ,2 1 2 ,2 0 7 2 2 5 .5 0 5 65,199 826.012 3 4 9 ,7 8 3 103,4 3 6 4 0 6 ,2 0 2 9 3 ,5 5 0
1021-1025................................ 2 ,0 6 8 ,2 6 2 221,9 6 1 46,065 757,498 3 1 6 ,0 1 4 192,2 5 6 4 6 5 ,0 9 7 69,371
1926-1930.............................. 2 ,3 4 1 .0 6 2 2 2 1 ,0 1 9 46,054 852,777 395.9 8 7 179.5 5 4 6 8 4 ,4 5 7 62,214
1931-1035................................ 1 ,3 66,784 157,0 6 2 ' 35,572 560,360 172,4 8 2 6 8 ,3 4 8 3 4 1 ,8 2 5 30,135
1935........................................... 1 ,4 2 7 ,0 4 2 143,2 0 8 30.049 578,848 1 8 8 ,1 1 4 7 9 ,5 3 5 3 8 0 ,3 2 4 2 6 .9 6 4
1936........................................... 1,7 1 2 ,9 7 5 159, 523 31,689 664,148 2 5 9 ,0 2 5 100,4 3 9 4 0 7 ,8 5 7 30,294
1937........................................... 1 ,8 25,342 164,138 30,2 2 2 670,975 307,081 1 10,975 5 0 9 .1 7 4 32,177
1938........................................ 1,3 9 9 ,2 5 9 172,9 6 1 30,090 6 26,182 182,7 9 0 8 3 ,6 4 0 3 7 7 ,7 0 9 26,887
1939........................................... 1 ,6 3 6 ,2 1 5 1 6 8 ,8 0 8 31,1 6 8 600,123 259,1 0 9
Eastern district:
9 6 ,4 7 0 4 5 2 ,2 6 2 28,275
1937........................................... 930,822 5 0 ,1 0 0 12,896 419,746 124,2 5 4 2 4 .5 1 6 282, 930 16.375
1038........................................... 684.172 5 2 ,0 3 5 13,037 3 25,225 6 9 ,2 2 0 1 7 ,6 0 3 1 9 3 ,7 2 1 13,331
1939........................................... 831,604 54, 654
Southern district:
13,660 375,597 1 0 7 ,1 8 8 2 0 ,2 1 8 2 4 5 ,8 7 8 14,419
1937........................................... 360,960 26, 843 3,228 183,736 39. 398 3 0 ,6 0 S 7 0 ,6 7 8 7 ,4 6 9
1938.......................................... 300,400 26, 601 3 ,3 5 0 146,587 34,081 2 3 ,3 7 1 6 0 ,9 6 1 6 ,4 4 9
1930.......................................... 338,710 20, 216 3,551 168,284 3 7 ,4 8 0 2 6 ,9 0 0 6 9 ,4 8 1 6 ,7 9 8
Western district;
1037........................................... 533,560 8 8 ,1 9 5 14,098 67,403 144, 029 5 5 ,8 5 2 156, 560 8,333
1938...................- ..................... 414,687 94, 325 13,703 63,370 7 9 ,4 8 9 4 2 ,6 6 6 1 2 4 ,0 2 7 7,107
1939.......................................... 405,901 87, 938 13,907 56,242 114,4 4 1 4 9 ,3 6 2 130,0 0 3 7,058
1Includes some undistributed freight. » Excluding olsss III, »Including receipts from connectinglines.
Source; Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of Railways in the United States,.

,90Ii9S'
N o . 4 9 4 .-— S t e a m R a il w a y s (C l a s s I ) — R e v e n u e F r e ig h t O r ig in a t e d a n d C a r r i e d , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u t s a n d
C o m m o d it ie s : 1920 t o 1939
Note.—Nonrevenue freight is excluded; this is a large item in the case of a few commodities, notably coal. Switching and terminal roads are excluded
COMMODITY
REVENUE FREIGHT ORIGINATED (THOUSANDS OF TONS OF 2,000 POUNDS)
All districts
TOTAL REVENUE FREIGHT
CARRIED, 1939 (THOU­
SANDS OF TONS OF 2,000
POUNDS)
1920
1925
1930
1935
1936
1938
1939
Eastern
district
Southern
district
Western
district
Eastern
district
Southern
district
Western
district
G r a n d t o t a l , c a r l o a d a n d 1 . c . 1___
G r a n d t o t a l , c a r l o a d t r a f f i c ________
P r o d u c t s o f a g r i c u l t u r e , t o t a l ______________
Wheat................ ................ ................
Corn__________________ ________
Oats............... ......................................
Other grain_____________ ________
Flour and meal__________________
Cereal foods and other mill products.
Hay, straw, and alfalfa......... ............. .
Leaf tobacco1___________________
Cotton. _______________________ _
Cottonseed and products, except oil..
Citrus fruits___________________
Other fresh fruits______________
Potatoes, except sweet *_____
Other fresh vegetables_______
Dried fruits and vegetables__
Sugar beets.___ ___________
Other products of agriculture..
A n i m a l s a n d p r o d u c t s , t o t a l . . .
Horses and mules.
Cattle and calves..
Sheep and goats__
Hogs......... .........
1, , 255,4
1,802,219
110,840
23,131
12,689
8,615
5,569
10,952
8,891
7,957
1,081
3,379
4,573
1,404
5,271
4,118
2,205
1,165
9,741
26,595
936
9,809
1,344
5,421
1, 247, 242
1,208, 855
109,313
21, 548
12,680
8,450
4, 564
9,901
9,578
5,506
1,038
4,127
5,849
1,363
5,910
4,614
2,828
1,533
9,824
26,324
544
9, 330
1,224
5,502
1,158,197
1,123, 530
110, 728
25,466
13,986
5,184
4,045
10, 546
10,610
B, 494
1,008
3,032
5,065
1,734
5,919
4,332
3,262
1,674
6,246
5,125
23,129
440
6, 785
1,385
4,902
i Includes refuse, stems, etc., prior to 1930.
789,027
775, 588
76,338
15, 931
7,806
2,923
3,886
8,649
6,765
1,598
047
2,962
2,075
2,017
3,683
3,383
2,464
1,347
4,752
5,450
15,125
347
4,710
1,010
1, 643
958,830
942, 638
86, 648
16,575
11,398
3,229
4,735
9,191
8,115
1,343
618
3,782
2,662
1,988
3,769
3,475
2,771
1,387
5,407
6,203
16,208
4,703
1,027
2,130
1,015,586
998,898
89,460
21,205
9,220
3,407
4,434
8,951
7,855
1,511
758
3,904
2, 920
2,055
3,892
3,650
2,713
1,357
5,233
6,395
15,283
247
4,506
1,033
1,743
771, 862
757,470
95,390
23,162
14,338
2,972
4,707
9,067
7,790
718
772
3,000
2,154
2,574
3,680
3,396
2,662
1,411
6,470
6,517
14,760
188
3,939
968
1,997
901,669
866,794
91,564
22,285
10,342
2,733
4, 708
9,316
8,721
625
829
3,367
1,775
2,621
3,420
3,193
2,586
1,235
5,823
7,985
15,049
152
3,787
9 a
2,071
382,950
375,605
19,797
3,402
3,316
618
372
2,501
3,474
246
73
77
9
146
587
923
346
373
168
3,106
3,860
16
4S6
99
557
221,446
218,881
11,086
706
1,521
248
93
799
857
56
734
1,399
948
976
741
347
461
38
1,162
1,460
21
273
42
278
"Potatoes” prior to 1930.
297,273
292,806
60,681
18,177
5,505
1,867
4,243
6,016
4,390
323
22
1,891
818
1,499
2,092
1,923
1, 779
824
5,655
3, 657
9,729
115
3,028
SQ0
1,236
831,604
817,185
54,654
5,700
6,143
1,855
930
8,430
8, 049
679
208
1,043
334
2,616
3,077
4,520
3.007
1,073
245
6,745
13,650
63
1,238
351
1,243
338,710
331,912
26,216
1,780
2,232
501
357
2,760
2,277
241
1,320
3,264
1,303
3,041
1,856
1,234
1,489
347
3,551
89
462
83
362
465,901
458,848
87,938
21,377
7.380
2,362
5,536
8,686
6.381
417
33
2,569
1,390
4,267
3,878
5,242
1,694
6,142
5,216
13,967
174
4,645
1,279
1,450
STEAM RAILWAYS

No. 494.— S te a m R a i l w a y s ( C l a s s X)— R e v e n u e F r e i g h t O r i g i n a t e d a n d C a r r i e d , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d
C o m m o d itie s : 1920 t o 1939— Continued
t o
C O M M O D IT Y
R E V E N U E F R E I G H T O R I G I N A T E D ( T H O U S A N D S O F T O N S O F 2 ,0 0 0 P O U N D S )
All districts
TOTAL REV EN U E FREIGHT
CARRIED, 1938 (THOU­
SANDS OF TONS OF 2 ,0 0 0
POUNDS)
A n i m a l s a n d p r o d u c t s — C o n t i n u e d .
F r e s h m e a t s ___________________ ______
O t h e r p a c k i n g - h o u s e p r o d u c t s .
P o u l t r y ..................................................................
E g g s ..........................................................................
B u t t e r a n d c h e e s e __________________
W o o l ...........................................................................
H i d e s a n d l e a t h e r ________ __________
O t h e r a n i m a l s a n d p r o d u c t s ___
1930 1935
2 , 7 7 0
2 , 2 0 6
2 6 4
6 3 6
4 2 5
2 9 3
1 , 0 5 1
1 , 5 4 0
2 , 9 0 4
2 , 1 3 9
3 5 7
5 9 1
2 6 3
1 , 0 2 6
1 , 7 5 8
M i n e r a l p r o d u c t s , t o t a l _______ 7 1 2 , 1 5 4 67B, 336
A n t h r a c i t e __________________________
B i t u m i n o u s c o a l _____________ ____
C o k e ___________________________ _______
j f r o n o r e _______________________________
C o p p e r o r e a n d c o n c e n t r a t e s .
O t h e r o r e s a n d c o n c e n t r a t e s -
G r a v e l , s a n d , a n d s t o n e 3_____
C r u d e p e t r o l e u m ........................
A s p h a l t u m ______________ _______
S a l t . _ ............................... ...........................
P h o s p h a t e r o c k , c r u d e ____
S u l p h u r _____________________ _
Other mineral products
7 B , 1 0 0
3 8 4 , 3 4 9
2 6 , 8 9 5
8 4 , 4 3 3
| 2 1 , 5 5 0
I
9 8 , 7 2 0
6 , 4 3 5
1 , 4 2 4
3 , 2 5 0
6 , 9 9 7
5 8 , 2 6 0
3 4 6 , 8 4 6
1 9 , 7 9 8
7 2 , 1 3 4
1 2 , 2 8 9 [
1 4 5 , 4 0 5 1
1 1 , 2 4 5
2 , 5 3 1
3 , 4 0 3
6 , 9 2 5
1 9 3 9 1 9 3 5 1 9 3 6 1 9 3 7 1 9 3 8
2 , 9 2 8 2 , 5 8 2 2 , 9 3 4 2 , 7 5 8 2 , 8 5 9
1 , 9 7 0 1 , 0 8 1 1 , 1 0 8 1 , 0 6 2 1 , 0 7 9
4 1 9 2 8 4 3 1 0 2 8 3 2 6 5
6 1 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 7 3 2 6
8 0 7 6 7 8 6 6 3 6 3 9 7 2 3
3 5 4 3 3 9 2 9 6 2 7 5 2 4 7
8 4 7 8 8 4 8 7 7 8 4 5 7 9 5
1 , 6 8 0 1 , 2 4 5 1 , 5 1 9 1 , 5 1 5 1 , 3 7 4
6 4 2 , 5 3 7 4 4 5 , 1 3 6 5 4 1 , 4 8 9 5 6 9 , 7 4 5 4 0 B, 8 3 5
7 1 , 2 5 2 6 0 , 6 4 4 6 3 , 6 4 7 6 0 , 0 9 7 5 3 , 1 7 3
3 2 2 , 1 5 0 2 4 9 , 4 1 3 2 9 0 , 7 3 7 2 9 2 , 2 6 5 2 2 5 , 3 4 4
1 4 , 5 3 6 3 0 , 5 7 2 1 4 . 7 1 9 1 5 , 0 2 6 8 , 9 8 8
5 9 , 9 8 0 3 4 , 8 8 8 5 4 , 9 0 6 7 6 , 9 6 1 2 4 , 8 4 6
4 , 5 2 5 9 0 3 1 , 3 4 4 5 , 5 9 1 3 , 5 1 9
6 , 9 5 7 4 , 4 5 0 5 , 8 1 7 7 , 6 4 4 5 , 7 1 4
1 1 2 , 1 9 6 4 6 , 8 2 6 6 1 , 8 4 0 5 7 , 6 4 5 4 6 , 3 2 6
6 , 5 9 8 3 , 4 9 5 3 , 4 7 1 4 , 1 4 0 4 . 0 4 6
2 , 9 2 5 3 , 0 4 9 4 , 0 9 7 4 , 2 7 3 4 , 2 4 3
2 , 9 5 2 2 , 5 9 5 3 , 0 6 3 3 , 0 6 7 2 . 7 6 5
5 , 7 1 2 5 , 1 0 8 5 , 3 4 2 6 . 2 6 3 5 , 5 7 7
1 , 9 3 4 1 , 6 7 2 2 , 2 5 1 2 , 6 8 9 1 , 7 3 5
3 0 , 8 2 0 2 1 , 6 2 1 3 0 , 2 5 5 3 4 , 0 8 4 2 2 , 5 5 9
1 9 3 9
E a s t e r n
d i s t r i c t
S o u t h ­
e r n
d i s t r i c t
W e s t ­
e r n
d i s t r i c t
2 , 9 4 0 7 8 4 3 6 1 1 , 7 9 5
1 , 1 6 5 3 8 3 1 9 1 5 9 1
2 8 0 4 9 1 9 2 1 2
3 1 6 5 1 1 8 2 4 7
7 0 4 1 3 8 3 7 5 2 9
2 9 5 1 4 3 1 0 1 4 2
S 4 9 4 3 4 8 8 3 2 7
1 , 5 4 9 7 2 0 1 2 2 7 0 7
4 9 6 , 9 3 9 2 1 5 , 4 9 6 1 5 7 , 9 5 3 1 2 3 , 4 9 0
5 8 , 3 9 6 5 8 , 2 3 7 1 2 7 3 2
2 5 9 , 9 9 2 1 0 2 , 4 4 5 1 3 0 , 4 2 8 2 7 , 1 1 9
1 2 , 5 5 9 9 , 7 1 3 1 , 4 2 2 1 , 4 2 4
5 6 , 3 2 1 2, 8 3 0 2 , 1 6 3 5 1 , 3 2 8
3 , 6 8 6 3 2 3 , 6 8 1
6 , 4 0 9 1 , 9 5 5 9 8 1 3 , 4 7 3
4 7 , 9 6 3 1 3 , 9 9 8 1 2 , 2 4 4 2 1 , 7 2 1
5 , 9 2 9 3 , 0 2 3 3 9 3 . 2 , 5 1 3
4 , 8 2 6 2 , 5 4 2 709 1 , 5 7 5
2 , 9 4 8 1 , 4 2 9 2 3 1 , 4 9 6
5 , 5 4 0 1 6 5 , 3 7 1 1 5 3
2 , 3 0 2 201 4 8 2,053
30,068 19,104 4,042 6,922
E a s t ­
e r n
d i s t r i c t
S o u t h ­
e r n
d i s t r i c t
W e s t ­
e r n
d i s t r i c t
3 , 9 3 2 8 3 9 2 , 1 4 6
1 , 0 S 5 9 1 3 9 5 9
4 8 2 3 8 3 0 4
4 9 1 6 9 3 4 4
1 , 1 1 8 1 5 1 6 9 7
4 9 3 4 8 2 1 8
1 , 3 4 1 2 1 0 5 3 8
1 , 8 1 3 2 8 7 1 , 2 1 3
4 B 2 , 7 8 5 2 0 5 , 7 6 4 1 7 0 , 6 8 3
8 9 , 0 8 4 1 9 7 3 3 1
2 7 1 , 8 0 6 1 6 5 , 7 1 6 5 3 , 5 7 1
1 3 , 8 0 7 2, 3 7 1 2 , 3 4 0
3 8 , 1 0 7 2 , 9 7 0 5 2 , 9 5 7
9 0 2 9 5 , 3 6 9
A« ° 1 , 9 6 6 5 , 6 2 4
1 8 , 6 7 8 1 5 , 9 4 0 2 7 , 5 4 9
4 , 2 7 0 1 , 0 1 1 4 , 6 5 2
A 5 3 1 1 , 3 8 5 2 , 8 7 6
3 , 9 7 7 1 , 0 6 0 2 , 8 0 2
2 6 3 5 , 8 9 7 2 5 3
407 2 3 4 2 , 5 9 9
32,355 6 , 9 8 8 9 , 7 6 0
TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND
tr<
!>
e
Products of forests, total. 100,766 107,391
Logs, posts, poles, piling, and cordwood________________
_____ _
Ties_______—...........—............
Pulpwood-......................................
Lumber, shingles, lath, cooperage
materials, veneer, etc............ ,........
Other forest products-------------------
38,571
5,472
4,992
48,618
3 ,1 1 2
45,428
4,292
5.826
49,019
2.826
6 9 , 3 7 1 4 2 , 4 8 3 5 3 , 1 5 6 5 8 , 6 5 8 4 3 , 9 7 3
2 8 , 4 5 1 1 5 , 8 4 4 1 9 , 6 1 3 2 0 , 8 2 0 1 5 , 0 6 2
3 , 5 2 2 1 , 5 4 6 2 , 1 1 4 2 , 6 9 8 1 , 4 8 9
6 , £ 2 4 5 , 0 4 7 6 , 1 4 5 8 , 4 4 9 7 , 4 7 4
2 7 , 8 0 0 1 7 , 8 7 5 2 2 , 6 5 2 2 3 , 5 4 4 1 7 , 5 2 9
3 , 0 7 4 2 , 1 7 1 2 , 6 3 2 3 , 2 4 7 2 , 4 1 9
50,156 3,508 16,946 29,707
16,945 353 3,297 13,295
1,460 178 564 718
8,659 903 4,404 3,352
20,129 1,217 7,368 11,544
2,963 8 5 2 1,313 798
20,218 26,900 49,352
1.356, 4,169 16,269
452 776 992
1,764 5 , 3 0 0 4 , 3 9 9
1 4 , 1 5 6 14,669 26,439
2 . 4 9 0 1 , 9 8 6 1 , 2 5 3

Manufactures and miscellaneous, total.
Befined petroleum and its products—
Vegetable oils--------------------------------
Sugar, sirup, glucose, and molasses___
Iron, ijig *------------- ------- ---------------
Scrap iron and steel_______________
Iron and steel (6th class, n. o. s.)_____
Bails, fastenings, frogs, andswitcb.es
Iron and steel pipes and fittings 7____
Iron and steel (5th class, n. o. s.)7____
Iron and steel nails and wire________
Copper; Ingot, matte, and pig______
Lead and zinc: Ingot, pig, or bar____
Other metals: Pig, bar, sheet, etc____
1 £*»h- -
Machinery and boilers 1____________
Cement_____________________ ____
Brick and artificial stone___________
Lime and plaster__________________
Sewer pipe and drain tile___________
Agricultural implements and vehicles
other than automobiles •__________
Automobiles, autotrucks, parts, tires,
i etc____________________________
Furniture___-_______ -___________
Beverages___________ _________ ____
Ice------------.---------------------------------
Fertilizers________________________
Printing paper M__________________
Chemicals and explosives u _________
Textiles_________________________
Canned food products______________
Furnace slag---------------------------------
Paper board, pulpboard, and wall
board (paper)--- ------ ------------------
Building paper and prepared roofing
materials_______________________
Other manufactures and miscellaneous.
Merchandise—all I. c. I. freight_________
251, 864 285,291
29,616
938
5,664
16,451
(s)
(6)
3,047
| 27,443
0
46,273
1,446
5,700
14, 577
(£)
(fi)
2,646
29,144

4 4 4 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND
No. 4 9 5 .— Steam R ailw ays (Class I)—R evenue F re ig h t, A v erag e Num ber
o f W eekly C a r Loadings, by P rin c ip a l Commodity Groups, by M o n th s-
1935 to 1939
N o t e — Averages for earlier years for all commodities are: 1918, 857,640; 1019, 804,472; 1620, 807,003; 1921
760,215; 1922, 830,916; 1023, 957,925; 1924, 933,354; 1925, 985,080; 1920, 1,021,131; 1927, 992,090: 1028, 992,113’
1929, 1,015,922; 1930, 882,269; 1931, 714,447; 1932, 541,922; 1933, 601,924; 1934, 503,192
"WEEKLY
AVERAGE FOR—
1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1935 1930 1037 1938 1039
Total, all commodities
Grain and grain produots
Year........ 605, 849 664, 406 724,432 585,713 655, 822 30,328 34,707 34, 403 37, 833 37,314
January............ 542,287 608,182 678,612 564,170 575,616 24, 269 31, 630 30, 116 37,443 32,153
February.......... 585,491 628, 034 000,804 538,884 574.347 20, 318 30,102 28, 052 31,057 28,056
March.............. 602,080 603,787 746, 642 555,735 597,603 26,980 33,484 28. 369 33,205 31,305
April................. 575, 525 642,008 742,581 529,092 566,450 20,900 31,034 20, 045 31,934 31,845
May------------- 577,595 070, 109 774,658 646,466 692,973 25,154 30, 693 26, 634 32,570 34,144
June.................. 610,434 687,289 752, 013 551,932 629,743 25,919 36,300 34, 523 37,204 40,374
July.................. 656,218 730, 787 747, 076 568, 235 637, 257 20,075 56, 000 49, 530 55,847 50,044
August---------- 619, GOO 738, 031 775, 148 598,018 672,290 42, 227 41,382 43, 234 47,642 42,486
September____ 657,121 765,505 792,355 648,702 768,872 40,550 31, 779 35,188 37,917 43,754
October______ 713,010 810,400 800,079 710,658 843,736 35, 589 32, 227 37, 539 44,774 41,106
November........ 620,119 753,007 653,845 632,034 759,936 30,811 32, 791 38, 392 34, 184 37,030
December____ 680, G31 673,056 660, 520 589,431 652,481 27,250 31,177 32, 505 32,552 34,244
Livestock
Coal
Year____ 13, 740 14, 598 13, 877 13,518 13, 351 118,167 183,412 134,178 100, 563 120,476
January........ 14, 485 13,285 14,089 14,581 13,194 137,542 153,875 156, 593 124,373 128,830
February_____ 12,452 10, 273 11,238 11,280 10,532 142,458 182, 902 150, 703 110,390 132,280
March....... ...... 11, 292 11,931 11, 375 10,949 10, 587 135, 370 105,883 167, G07 95,231 119,403
April................. 12,888 12, 984 12,091 11,639 12,240 94, 558 112,866 119, 704 80,905 69,915
May.............. ... 12,570 11,578 13,190 12,600 12,294 102,004 109,370 117,171 85,074 74,259
June................. 9,938 11, 083 11,038 10,639 9,935 126,023 106,300 112, 225 86,368 100,030
July.......... ...... 0,875 14, 004 10, 299 11,109 11,096 70, 542 112,550 107, 580 88,259 107,288
August.............. 12,800 15, 405 14,208 12,267 12,005 98,462 120,150 118, 035 95, 534 119,021
September____ 17,414 18,179 16,078 16,951 17,971 111, 259 132, 789 138, 907 119,909 147,952
October............ 21,156 21,854 21, ISO 21,145 21,048 134, 212 158, 111 157, 887 133, 738 160,122
November____ 16,132 19, 244 16,476 17J2G0 16, 793 124,923 156,160 134, 002 127,259 150,132
December......... 12,702 14,179 12, 773 13,355 12,663 130,538 151,257 128,173 132,300 134,182
Coke
Ore
Year 6, 531 9,232 9, 768 5,282 7,968 19,931 31,212 42,454 16, 269 31, 0G0
7,540 9, 700 11,800 0,024 7, 523 3, 335 5,792 10,410 7,089 8,350
8,315 10, 074 12,081 5,630 7,457 3,742 5, 727 10, 58C 7,140 8,580
5, 058 6,882 11, 774 4,908 7,214 4,43d 5,004 10, 055 7,768 8,262
5,600 7,103 10,480 4,006 5,792 0, 074 10,508 38,239 7,908 11,645
5,762 8, 278 10,241 4,108 4,780 27,030 42,317 73,141 13,847 30,361
June................. 6,822 8, 283 9, 773 4,000 5,683 32,842 49,475 74, 32S 23,087 41,741
July.................. 4,504 8, 80S 10,175 4,224 6,042 33, 538 54,348 76,37C 22,453 41,870
August............. 5,191 8,567 9,051 4,560 6,810 34,502 55,182 74,40E 24, 509 47,020
September____ 6, 319 0,045 10, 220 5,678 8,012 34,934 50,428 60, C9fl 27,059 55,421
October______ 7,500 10, 677 9,136 6,032 11, 557 31, 393 52,846 47,068 27,981 63,195
November........ 7, 304 11, 222 o, m 6,621 11,708 13,001 28,342 15,682 16,366 45,001
December____ 8,282 11,027 5,777 6, 931 11,880 6,441 8,402 8,021 8,769 10,993
Forest products Miscellaneous and 1. c. 1.
Year........ 23,613 30,357 36,164 27,267 30,463 390,538 438, 889 454. 605 378,993 416,202
January............ 18,692 27,869 30,704 25,544 25,831 330,425 300,131 424, 841 348, 526 350,727
February,........ 25,280 20,412 34, 772 20,304 24,737 300,925 361,945 43G, 838 340, 483 361,805
March.............. 25,159 30, 514 37, 542 27,122 26,153 392,886 409, 13C 478, 92C 376, 494 394,680
April____ ____ 25,451 30, 681 36,82C 24,49C 27,941 400,455 437,043 495, 294 369, 111 407,170
May................. 24,03S 32,391 40,123 26, 21G 30,138 380,135 435,54£ 494,15f 371,074 400,098
June................. 26, 699 33,941 39,421 26,311 30,272 389,198 441,308 471, G04 363,62S 401,102
July.................. 20, 441 33,858 30,723 25,983 29, 007 372,282 451,202 454, 29] 300,3& 391,310
August__ ____ 30, 345 30,230 40,283 29,882 31,620 395,944 461, 70£ 475, 20£ 383, BM 412,421
September____ 30, 917 34,608 37.48C 30,399 34,248 415, 728 482,077 483, SIC 411,79C 460,613
October______ 31,136 36,66C 35,272 SI, 713 38,004 452, 02C 508,215 491, 092 445,275 499,613
November____ 27, 062 34, 011 27,847 27,333 35, 510 406,827 471,897 414, m 403,012 463,102
December.___ 25, 929 31,445 23,315 26,295 31,076 369, 401 425,569 339, 860 309,169 417,443
Source: Association df American Railroads, Oar Service Division, Washington, D. O,; Oars of Revenue
Freight Loaded. Weekly reports are published currently.

STEAM RAILWAYS 445
N o. 4 9 6 .— St e a m - R a il w a y A c c id e n t s— N u m b e r o f P e r s o n s K il l e d a nd
I n j u r e d , b y C a u s e s o f A c c id e n t s: 1931 t o 1939
Note.—Figures in this table exclude casualties duo to suioido and beginning with 1933 casualties duo to
mental derangement and attempting to escape oustody and differ, therefore, from those in table 497 in
which such data are included
KILLED
IN JU RED
CAUSE OF ACCIDENT
1936 1037 1938 1989
1031-
1935,
average
1931-
1935,
average
1930 1037 1938 1939
All accidents.._____ _ 4,970 5, 398 5,350 4,499 4,362 29,816 84,706 36, 692 27,263 28,119
Train acoidents1_________ . . . 225 277 310 293 214 1,126 1, 647 1, 367 1,073 1,422
Passengers on trains.............. 1 s / 7 3 52 13 | -1(15 / 742 536 475 776
f H \___ 1
Employees.............................. J 80 120 130 92 94 373 553 514 371 431
Other persons........................ 137 150 177 149 107 287 252 317 227 215
Causes:
Collisions................................ 32 63 57 40 22 417 702 563 420 538
Passengers on trains_____ l 3 / i 1 9 3 J 9.99 f 404 237 225 324
d 1 ___ \ .........
Employees.......................... J 25 1 58 50 28 17 144 240 229 156 166
Other persons..................... 4 4 6 3 2 61 58 87 39 48
Derailments........................... 113 133 119 138 104 677 682 674 511 735
Passengers on trains........... l 5 2 1 6
43 9 J 930 / 325 289 227 417
1 ^ 1....... 1
Employees........................ J 42 43 51 43 63 180 243 239 176 205
Other persons.................... 66 84 66 52 32 167 114 146 109 113
Other oauses.......................... 80 81 134 115 88 131 163 140 142 149
1 r 13 10 23 35
} 13 (
Employees............ ............. 12 19 29 21 14 48 70 46 40 60
Othor persons....................- 67 62 105 94 73 69 80 84 79 54
Train-service accidents *___ _ 4,522 4,897 4,808 3.998 3,942 18,219 18,045 18,782 14,429 14,588
Passengers on trains______ f 10 15 17 14 / 1,709 1,972 1,797 1,727
Travelers not on trains____ i 20 1 15 9 6 11 l 89 79 06 67
Employees_______________ 376 473 427 294 306 7,005 8,468 8,780 6,110 6,657
Other persons........................ 4,120 4,399 4,357 3,679 3,611 7,690 7,779 7,051 6,456 0,237
Causes:
Coupling or uncoupling
locomotives or cars______ 15 24 22 6 11 293 329 376 244 285
Coupling or uncoupling air
10 8 7 6 7 134 157 174 113 121
Operating locomotives_____ 7 9 8 2 6 1,007 1,135 1,130 780 790
Operating hand brakes____ 14 16 13 11 4 506 694 747 555 601
1 202 310 287 202 167
Contact with fixed struc*
tures____________ _____ 59 42 31 36 36 258 193 252 171 175
Getting on or off cars or
locomotives____________ 449 313 319 271 256 3,689 3,543 3,722 3,182 3,129
H ighw ay grade-crossing
accidents3.......................... 1,521 1,676 1,748 1,385 1,294 4,135 4,780 4,996 3,848 3,862
Struck or run over, not at
public crossings_________ 1,726 1,926 1,788 1, 518 1,536 969 1,086 1,089 798 811
Miscellaneous____________ 718 883 872 761 793 4,937 5,818 6,009 4,536 4,647
Nontrain accidents * 223 224 232 210 206 12,471 15,114 16,543 11,751 12,109
1 „ f
} 540
Travelers not on train s...__ f...........
I 3 I 3 4 3 2 \ 608 706 670 760
Employees_______________ 132 126 155 125 132 10,844 13,388 14,820 10,088 10,394
Other persons____________ 88 95 73 82 72 1,087 1,028 1,017 993 965
i Covers collisions, derailments, and other accidents that caused reportable damage to railway property.
9 Covers accidents associated with train operation resulting in but minor damage, if any, to railway
property.
3 Excludes persons killed and injured at highway grade crossings in connection with derailments and
miscellaneous train accidents.
* Covers accidents occurring in shops, yards, along the track, or at stations hut not connected with the
movement of cars or locomotives.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission, annual Accidont Bulletin,

4 4 6 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND
No. 4 9 7 .—Steam-Railway Accidents— N umber op P ersons K illed and
Injured, by Status: 1891 to 1939
Note.—For various reasons, including the laot that returns were required under different acts, the statistics
are not strictly comparable. Prior to 1921, train accidents wore those causing damage to railway property
in excess of $1B0 or any damage and a resulting casualty. Thereafter they were considered ns such
when the damage oxceedod $150 with or without a casualty. Where the damage is less than $150 and
there is a reportable casualty it is classified as a train-service accident. Figures for years 1911-1915 include
industrial and other nontrain accidents to employees only, and for years 1908-1910 do not cover
switching and terminal roads. Otherwise the statement covers all reportable accidents, including
those due to suicide, mental derangement, and attempting to escape custody
YEARLY AVER­
AGE OR YEAR
ENDED—
TOTAL PASSENGERS > a' EM PLO Y EES> OTHER PERSONS TRESPASSERS 3
Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured
unc 30:
1801-1805.... 6,821 35,313 292 2,067 2,315 27,051 595 1, 283 3,618 4,011
1896-1000___ 6,946 42, 248 222 3,237 2,054 32,793 634 1,547 4,036 4,672
1901-1905___ 9,326 72,943 392 7,864 3,249 57,209 891 2,793 4,795 5,047
1006-1010.... 10,210 105,617 386' 11,625 3,572 83,502 994 4,830 5,258 5,660
1911-1915.... 10,174 174,941 273 13,382 3,273 148,640 1,262 6,836 fi, 366 6,083
)ec. 31;
1916-1920.... 8,662 176,693 304 7,419 2,855 157,623 2,074 8,460 3,429 3,291
1920______ 6,958 168,309 229 7,591 2,578 140,414 1,985 8,930 2,166 2)368
1921.............. 5,996 120,685 205 5,584 1,446 104,530 1,804 7,500 2,481 3,071
1922............. 6)325 134,871 200 6) 153 1,657 117,197 2,038 8,677 2,430 2,844
1023............. 7,385 171,712 138 5,847 2,026 152,678 2,442 10,140 2,770 3,047
1924.............. 0,617 143,730 140 5,354 1,543 126,310 2,369 10,213 2,556 2,853
1925.............. 6,766 137,435 171 4,952 1,599 119,224 2,412 10,571 2,584 2,688
1926.............. 7,090 130,235 152 4,461 1,072 111,003 2,705 11,326 2,561 2,545
1927.............. 6,992 104,817 88 3,893 1,570 88,223 2,608 9,976 2,720 2,725
1928.............. 6,680 86i 205 91 3,468 1,329 70,873 2,773 9,497 2,487 2,367
1929.............. M00 77,013 114 3,846 1,428 60,73D 2,724 10,082 2,424 2, 340
1930.............. 5,665 40,443 61 2,666 977 35,872 2,218 8, 230 2, 400 2, 675
1931............. 5,271 35,071 40 2,104 677 23,358 2,059 7, 232 2,489 2,977
1932.............. 4,605 29,232 27 1,912 579 17,742 1,722 6, 214 2, 577 3, 304
1933.............. 5,180 27,516 51 2,067 533 15,032 1,704 6,015 2,802 3, 002
1934.............. 6,020 28,641 38 1,945 556 17,338 1,729 0,573 2,007 2, 785
1935.............. 5,258 28,108 80 1,949 600 10,742 1,842 6,711 2, 78G 2,700
1030.............. 5,550 34,723 41 2,548 720 22,400 1,988 7,348 2,801 2,418
1937.............. 5,502 36,713 34 2,594 712 24,114 2,102 7,703 2,654 2,302
1938.............. 4,649 27,275 81 2,345 513 16,569 1,695 6,253 2,360 2,108
1939.............. 4,492 28,144 40 2,580 536 17,383 1,564 6,225 2,352 1,050
i Data cover passengers on trains and travelers not on trains.
J Casualties sustained in nontcain accidents included with "other persons.”
• Prior to 1921 casualties sustained by employees not on duty in nontrain accidents included with “other
persons.”
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission, annual Acoident Bulletin.
N o. 4 9 8 .— Steam Railways (Class I)— F uel Consumption and R ail and
T ie R eplacements: 1936, 1937, and 1938
Note.—Rails and ties laid in new construction are not included. A short ton is 2,000 pounds: a long ton,
2,240 pounds
ALL DISTRICTS 1938
1936 1937 1038
Eastern
district
Southern
district
Western
district
Consumption of fuel by locomotives: *
Bituminous coal.........................do___
Fuel oil i.........................1,000 gallons—
Other fuel.equivalent 1,000 short tons-
Total, coal equivalent9
1,000 short tons..
Rails laid in replacement and betterment:
Total tonnage..............1,000 long tons—
Total charges1................ 1,000 dollars..
Ties laid in previously constructed tracks:
Crossties...........................thousands..
Switch and bridge tles.1,000 board feet..
Total charges9................ 1,000 dollars-
4S5
81,130
2,353,484
35
96,756
1,701
53,501
47,361
167,378
50,783
473
82,667
2,581,441
31
99,733
1,075
62,558
47,730
159,430
60,160
433
68,704
2,240,299
36
88,664
1, 203
40,667
41,363
141,888
54,293
433
31,005
7,340
4
81,487
335
9,098
8,758
33,470
14,650
16,185
32,112
2
16,378
250
8,794
9,298
38,140
n , 87i
21,604
2,200,847
30
35, 799
818
21,875
23,307
70, 260
27,763
■The ratio of fuel oil to coal Is based upon the experience of the various roads.
1 Totals include equivalent of a small amount of miscellaneous fuel.
1 The total charges shown da not include tho labor cost of applying the rails or ties.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of Railways in the United States.

STEAM RAILWAYS 447
N o. A 9 9 .— E x p r e s s C o m p a n ie s — I n c o m e A c c o u n t : 1921 t o 1939
Note —In thousands of dollars, Mileage operated by Railway^Express'Agency
N 0 oni 70i. aioAtrf; it. 2.KSS-. steamboat line. 20,648; airplane, 40,767; stage line, 13,606___
calendar year
Receipts
for
transportation
Paid
for
express
privileges
Total
operating
revenues
i
Operating
expenses
Express
taxes
Not
operating
revenues
Operating
income
a
Other
income
Net
Income
8
A meric an Railway
Express Co,:
1921...............
294,604
290,303
41,104
192915 — .........
R ailw ay Express
Agency, Inc.:
1929..... ............ 4,374
1926........ ............ 8,041
1929..................... 8,007
1931..................... 6,603
1932..................... 4,174
1933................ — 4,320
1934..................... 5.000
1935.__________ 5,620
1936___ _______ 6,270
1937...............— 6,102
1938*8...... ........... 3,122
113,401
148,8S2
18, 564
127, 601
81, 221
63,086
44,468
60, 630
63,170
50,326
68,009
50,478
67,803
1.049
3,912
3,900
2,117
1,420
1,637
2.049
2,234
2,484
1,907
740
184,897
149, 716
23, 083
117, 628
113, 097
87,436
76, 603
82, 907
88, 068
08, 634
105.390
107, 640
111, 976
2,781
4,241
4,244
3,685
2,848
2,906
3,135
3,408
3,903
4,221.
2,436
i Includes revenues from sources other than transportation,
j Deducting, besides taxes, a small am ount of uncollectible revenue.
3 Sum o /2 preceding columns less deductions.
< R esult of operations for 2 m onths ended Feb. 28,1U2U.
J Operations taken over b y Railw ay Express Agency, Ine.
* R esult of operations for 10 m onths ended Deo. 31, 1929.
* RemiJt'of operations for 8 months ondetl Dec. 31,1921.
8 Result of operations for 7 months ended Ju ly 81,1988.
182,205 2,631 2,096 608 2,074 2,309
li6, 433 3,282 2, 059 1,106 1,088 2,184
22; 500 «23 327 193 193 381
116, 535 2,093 1,343 734 087 20
in ; i8i 2,816 1,343 1,467 302 4
84,513 2,923 1,380 1,613 234
73,416 3,087 1,524 1,536 186 7 6
79,766 3, m 1,518 1,612 156
84,899 3,160 1,648 1,003 148 4
92| 658 6,060 4,534 1 418 191 16
100; 441 4,955 3.396 1, 628 167 i,i.
98,827 8,813 6,401 2,394 173 781
104,158 7,818 6,967 831 192 2
2,719 61 26 37 10 47
4,080 155 86 67 20 87
4,098 146 110 35 38 73
3; 443 142 89 61 17 68
2,726 122 78 43 21 64
2,709 136 94 38 15 53
3,003 m 96 35 11 46
3,250 156 96 57 3 60
3,705 198 140 57 57
3,930 291 242 48 1 40
2,' 270 166 168 6 1 7
- P u l l m a n C o m p a n y — S u m m a r y o p O p e r a t i o n s :
No. 600. 1910 t o 1939
[Ail money figures in thousands of dollars] _______
YEAR BNMD-
Gross
revenues,
ear operations
Association
revenues,
debtor
Gontraot
revenues,
debtor 1
EXPENSES, CAE
OPERATIONS
Total
Conduct'
lng ear
operations
REVENUE
PASSENGERS
CARRIED
Not revenues,
ear
operation
Operating
income
Thousands
Number
per
carday
J u n e 30:
1910_______
1916..............
D eo. 31:
1920.------
1924____
1925........
36,334
38,723
72,124
72,758
.80,198
1926 ...................... 81,834
1927 _____ 80,952
1928 -------------- 80,846
1020_____ 82,384
1030.......... 76,234
1931 ___________ 62,568
1932 ---------------- 43,366
1933 _____ 38,436
1 9 3 4 ........... 44,070
1 8 3 5_____ 48,428
1 9 3 6 ........................ 56,347
66
467
1 9 3 7 ................................................
62,112
1938 ...................... 66,963
1 0 3 9 ............• 68,624
803
1,954
13,166
9,075
8,873
9,463
8,906
8,904
8,704
6,634
2,673
1,660
1,325
2,301
2,688
4,680
3,834
2,762
3,046
23,962
26,633
61,031
61,609
63,513
68,204
60,603
66,060
69,490
68,960
57,243
42,466
37,888
41,976
40,077
60,102
54,508
51,549
52,895
(’)
11,716
30,805
30,023
32,247
35,009
34,848
34,935
36,191
35,379
27,386
19,276
16,358
17,527
19,720
20,268
22,081
21,812
21,943
11,372
12,090
11,003
11,149
19,685
13,630
14,449
14,190
12,894
7,274
5,316
901
648
2,094
>648
6,245
7,647
5,414
5,629
13,161
10,810
9,304
7,786
12,540
9,565
10,300
10,938
9,185
4,037
3,009
> i , m
J J04
400
» 1,8 47
8,454
4,219
1,603
2,170
20,203 14
24,252 12
30,255 16
34.080 12
35,520 12
30,073 11
35,197 11
33.924 a
33,434 10
29,360 9
22.985 9
161760 8
13,717 8
15,105 8
15,479 8
17,198 9
17,745 9
16,640 8
15,655 8
i Amounts due
other carriers urider the provisions of definite contracts. 8 Not separated. 1 Deficit.
Source of tables 499 and 500: Interstate Commerce Commission; annual report, Statistics of Railways in
the United States,

4 4 8 t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , a i r a n d l a n d
No. 5 0 1 .— T h e A l a s k a R a i l r o a d — S u m m a ry o f P a s s e n g e r a n d
S e r v ic e s : Y e a r s E n d e d J u n e 30, 1938 a n d 1939
F r e i g h t
1938 1939 1938
1939
Road mileage operated—
monthly average___ ____
PASSENGER TRAFFIC
Passenger-train miles'.........
Mixed-train miles................
Passenger-car miles, passenger
trains i....................—
Passenger-car miles, mixed
trains................................
Total rovenne passengers
carried...............................
Revenue passengers carried
1 m ile............................
Total passenger revenue.......
Average revenue per passenger
per mile.......................
600.8 500. 8
FREIGHT TRAFFIC
Freight-train miles...............
Mixed-train miles------- ------
Loaded cars, 1 mile, freight
95,681
8,829
99,209 101,151 and mixed trains................. 1,822,003
8,820 7,670 Empty cars, 1 mile, freight
and mixed trains ............... 1,152,129
3409,902 3422,190 All cars, 1 mile....................... 2, 774, 132
Tons ol revenue freight car-
818,136 '16,476 ried:
Coal.................-............... 106.636
26,026 27,436 Miscellaneous.................. 49,197
Tons of revenue freight car-
4,247,677 5,007,112 ried 1 m ile..______ _____ 20, 286, 530
$232,342 $269,452 Total freight revenue............ $1, 508,046
Average revenue per ton per
$0.05469 $0.05120 mile.................................... $0.05908
100, 090
7,070
1, (190,903
1,104, 248
2,855, 210
104,000
S3,838
27,820,082
$1,534, 303
$0.05874
i Including motor miles.
i Includes actual miles by passenger-train cars in passenger and special trains nnd miles run by sucli
ears incidentally In freight trains.
>Includes 9,247 baggage-car miles,
i Includes 7,715 baggage-ear miles.
Source: Department of the Interior, Division of Territories and Island Possessions.
N o . 5 0 2 .— E l e c t r ic R a il w a y s— S u m m a r y : 1890 t o 1937
Note.—The census of street railways, which was first taken in 1890, and which has been taken at q u in ­
quennial intervals beginning with the inquiry for 1902, covers (1) all street railways, without regard to
kind of motive power, and (2) all interurban railways using other than steam as motive power. T h e
nonelectric railroads included are those operated principally by cable and gasoline engines. Operations
of electrified divisions of steam-railway companies are not included. Figures in this table and tables
503-505,507-509 do not include data for motorbus and trolley-bus operations of eleotrlo street railways.
(For motorbus and trolley-bus statistics from census reports, see tables 610-512)
1899 1902 1913 1939 1927 1932 11987
Number of companies............ 789 987 1,260 31,200 3 903 3 706 s 478
Miles of line operated1.......... 6,783 16,645 30,438 31,204 27,948 20,110 14. 214
Miles of all track operated 8,123 22,577 41,065 43,932 40,722 31, 548 23, 770
Value of road and equipment
(thousand dollars)............... 389,357 2,167,634 4,696,563 5,058,702 (') 4,143,381 4,390, 708
Number of employees1_____ 70,764 140,709 282,461 300,119 204,575 » l82i 105 152, 476
Number of passenger cars ...... 32,605 60,290 76,162 77,301 70,309 59,692 44, 804
Rcvenuopassengcrs, including
pay-transtor (thousands).... 2,023,010 4,774,212 9, 545, 555 12,666,558 12,174,502 T7, 955, 981 7,435, 200
Operating revenues (thousand
dollars) ________ . 90,817 247,554 567, 512 1,010,719 927, 774 566, 290 513, 129
Operating expenses (thousand
dollars) *..................... 62, Oil 142,313 332,896 727,796 694,460 442, 007 400, IIP
Operating ratio (per cent)___ 68.4 '57.5 58.7 71.6 74.9 78.2 70. 1
i Excludes data for 22 companies, operating on a part-year basis. Those companies reported 36,810,221
passengers; 9,108,009 car-miles; 1,042,800 car-hours; $2,388,295, operating revenue; and $2,412,010, operating
expense.
>Includes certain companies in Pennsylvania which maintained, separate organisations, though controlled
through stock ownership by other companies. For 1912 these companies were treated as merged
and not included in the number reported.
>Includes small mileage of track lying outside United States,
' Data incomplete. Some of the companies engaged in both light-and-power and oleotric-rallway operations
were unable to report separately the values of plant ana equipment assignable to their railw ay
activities.
‘ Number reported as of June 30, for 1890, 1922, 1927, and 1932; for 1902, average for the year; for 1012, as
of Sept. 15. Figures for 1937 represent an average of numbers reported on June 30 and Dec. 31.
* Includes 334 trolley-bus operators.
' Includes 29,721,000 trolley-bus passengers.
1Includes auxiliary operating revenues of $8,905,000 for 1927 and $01,242,000 for 1022; auxiliary expenses,
$7,822,000 lor 1927, and $49,232,000 for 1922. Data for operating revonues and operating expenses of auxiliaryoperations
excluded so far as possible for earlier years.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Electrical Industries, report on
Street Railways and Trolley-Bus and Motorbus Operations.

ELBOTKIO RAILWAYS' 4 4 9
No. 5 0 3 .— E l e c t r ic R a il w a y s— T r a ck M il e a g e , E q u ip m e n t , T r a f f ic , a n d
P e r s o n n e l : 1917 to 1937
N o te—Seo headnote, table502
ALL COMPANIES
SURFACE LINES
1917 1022 1927 1932 1937 1932 1937
Number of operating companies. 943 858 682 486 294 478 290
Miles of single track 4......................... 44, 835 43,932 40,722 31, 548 23,770 30, 519 22, 984
First track (length of lino)__ 32,548 81,264 27,948 20,110 14, 214 19, 783 13, 959
Second and other tracks......... 12,288 12,668 12,774 11,438 9, 556 10, 730 9,026
Electric track with:
Overhead trolloy.................. . 42,491 41,418 38, 246 20,448 m 29, 379 c*>
Third rail and conduit trolley............................
.......... 2,051 2,314 2,270 1,886 c) 927
Other (electric).................... 137 78 95 102 o 102 b)
Number of cars........................... 102,603 99,255 93,246 79, 984 58,371 87, 339 49, 522
Passenger.................. ............... 79,914 77,301 70,309 50, 692 44,864 50, 593 38, 231
Express, freight, and mail___ 11, 534 ii, 4oe 18,337 12, 50C 8,127 0, 266 6,142
Service cars.............................. 11,155 10,54E 9,00C 7,783 5,380 7, 480 6,140
Number of electric locomotives. 357 404 462 . 609 533 464 410
Eleotric energy (1,000 kilowatthours)
8................................ 12, 187, 851 12,405,053 9,389,697 7,343,617 0,864,077 5,935, 176 5, 587, 919
Generated3. ............................. 7,240, 503 0, 473,451 2,975,863 2,438,170 1.440,874 1,265, 000 m
Purchased................................ 4, 947, 348 5, 031,602 0,413,734 4,010, 341 5, 423,204 4,670,175 w
Passengers carried, (thousands). 14, 506,916 15, 331,400 14,901,435 9,864,185 9,416,783 7,814, 741 7, 831, 806
Revenue passengers, including
pay transfer.................... 11,304,601 12, 666, USE12,174, 592 7, 926, 2RC 7, 485,290 6,892, 641 6, 902, 348
Free-transfer passengers.......... 3,021,188 2, 496,67C 2,671, 248 1,823,87C 1,805,864 1,823, 646 1, 805,016
Free passengers........................ 181,116 188,272 155, 594 104, 055 125,629 98, 453 123,842
Revenue car mileage (thousands)...................................
2,139,802 2,124,523 2,163,773 1,681, 491 1,489, 691 1,284, 811 1,168,170
Passenger................................. 2,087,810 2,068,294 2,084, 566 1, 642, 023 1,442,406 1,246; 143 1,120,891
Express, freight, and mall___ 51, 983 56,229 79,207 39,468 47,285 30,488 47,285
Avorngo number of revenue passengers:
Per mile of all track 8.............. 252,323 288,606 209,739 251, 244 314,005 193,081 256,802
Per passenger-car hour.......... 60.79 64.25 01.97 64. 43 57.05 48.79 53.70
Revenue oar-hours (thousands). 203,057 201,838 202, 613 147, 833 133,812 122, 993 113, 896
Passenger.................................... 109,053 107,14C 106,464 146,630 129.838 120,787 109,921
Express, freight, and mail___ 4,004 4,662 6,046 2,206 3,974 2,206 3,974
Salaried employees:
Number....................................
Salaries (thousand dollars)....
27,151
33,010
30,23£
57,489
27,845
56,047
20, 260
40,147
18,068
38,630
18, 448
35,621
15,717
32,878
Wage earners:
Number.................................... 267, 675 269,880 238,730 >161, 905 134,408 8131, 923 114,423
Wages (thousand dollars)........ 233,831 387,843 380,978 8241, 686 217,744 8191, 224 184,456
Conductors and motormen:
Number................................... 136,184 130,224 113.180 * 78,028 72,140 874,173 w
Wages (thousand dollars).__ 127, 222 204,690 196.636 8121, 752 122,860 8112. 476
Other wage earners:
Number....... ................................... 131,491 139,056 123,550 82,977 62,208 57, 760
Wages (thousand dollars)... 106,109 182,953 184,341 116,0S4 94,875 78, 749 «
Aooidents (fatalities and injuries),
total..---------------- ------ 144,427 111,182 189,210 118,460 141,644 93,278 122,504
Killed or died from injuries..- 2,673 1.67G 1,606 944 043 850 817
Injured, but not killed............ 141,854 100,453 137,613 117, 512 141,001 95, 42S 121,777
i Includes mileage of track lying outside United States, as follows: 1917, 1922, and 1927, 27 miles; 1932,
24 miles,
* No comparable data. Figures for first track of all companies are: Overhead trolley, 13,180; third rail
and conduit trolley, 797; other electric, 103; other than electric, 164.
a Figures for 1917 and 1922 include data for light and power departments of electric-railway companios
and therefore are not comparable with those for later years, which exclude such data,

4 5 0 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND
N o . 5 Q 4.— E l e c t r ic R a il w a y s— T r a c k M il e a g e , P a s s e n g e r T r a f f ic ,
P a s s e n g e r R e v e n u e , a n d R e v e n u e C a r- M il e a g e , b y St a t e s : 1932 a nd
1937
N ote,—See headnote, table 502. Figures represent total activities of companies domiciled in the respective
States, some of which companies operate In other States
MILES OF
TRACK
OPERATED
REVENUE PAS­
SENGERS *
(THOUSANDS)
PASSENGER
REVENUE
(THOUSANDS
OF DOLLARS)
REVENUE CAR-MILES (THOUSANDS)
1937
DIVISION AND STATE
1937
1933
1937
1932
1937
Total
Total
Passenger
cars
Express,
mail,
and
freight
cars
United Statos___ 31,548 28,770 7,926,260 7,485,280 518,060 471,065 1,681,491 1,489,691 1,442,406 47,286
"New England..... .......
M aine.-..................
New Hampshire...
Vermont and
Rhode Island2.._
Connecticut............
Massachusetts____
Kiddle Atlantic..___
New York...............
New Jersey.............
Pennsylvania........
E. N, Central_______
276
S7
203
672
1,305
6,984
3,205
701
2, 028
8,168
2,561
1,648
Indiana...................
Illinois.................... 2; 490 1, U8(J 806,557 881,819
Michigan2_______ 83?
Wisconsin3............. 64(
[ 990 / 260,324
63,817
\ 114,007 } 401,994 /12,896
\ 7.404
W, N. Central______ 3,228 2,614 401,916 360.451
Minnesota............. - 630 58* 121,041 115,744
875 825 32.16S 30,095
Missouri.................. 1,028 701 208.052 187, 111
North D akota3.......
Nebraska3............
Kansas...................... 602
South Atlantio............. 2,76(
Delaware and Dist.
1,202 528,674 382,547
102 14, m 11,389
53 4,830 3,289
} 317
1 f 76,954 04,884 } 72,357 9,723 4,897
640 367,504 205,512 31,692 25,744
5,532 3,839,479 3,499,452 219,863 196,460
2,535 2,890,404 2,676,484 152,930 138,255
727 175,170 97,611 9,184 5,112
2,270 764,800 726,357 57,243 53,093
5,066 1,708,211 1,823,359 117,258
1,767 420,642 453,238 25,743
1,21H 97,681 86,307 7,399
2C
17C
} 169
\ f 30,110 1,331 } 26,862
241 9,203 ■ 635
2,015 416,799 419,083
1,437
410
34,188
9,387
2,652
18,660
2,640
843
32,931
of Columbia3....... 26!
M aryland3............. m
| 713
I f 121,924 99,494 } 242,698 19, 510 19,145
Virginia.................. 48! 334 62,607 58,945 3,871 3,394
West Virginia......... 3R( 302 32,645 37,511 2,527 2,659
North Carolina 12f 1 ( 13,946 ] ( 913
South Carolina3.... sir V Mfl •! 8,984 } 59,490 < 395 | 4,448
Georgia 1................. a«< 1 I 52,270 1 I 4,057
Florida.................... Ifif 117 28,051 20,444 1,658 1,110
E. S. C e n tra l.......... 1,182 724 172,307 149,207 11,880 8,848
K entucky3............. 44? I I 08,547 1 [ 4,879
Mississippi3........... 27 !■ 431 •I 1,015 I 93,065 | 6,068
Alabama3........... 804 I [ 40,101 I l ‘±UV
Tennessee............... 40{ 20? 02,104 65,142 4,450
W. S. Central.......... 1,501 1,028 180,443 144,265
ArkansasJ............... 112
Louisiana 2.............. 201
} 194 / 13,725
13, 301
1 07,958 } 72,442 / 794
I 4,819
Oklahoma............... 3H 325 10,994 9,472 1,040
Texas...................... 878 516 87,765 62,351 6,648
Mountain__________ 1, 004 662 55,404 48,216 4,613
Montana, Colorado,
and Arl-
456 ' 42,622
Montana................. 190 3,757
237
Colorado................ 30* 34,063
2,834
Arizona >................. f.......
Utah 3......................
} 17,644
f............
1 398 I 5,594
} 1,542
Paoiflc-___ _______ 4,334 3, 847 622,916 658,711
Washington1.......... 781
Oregon3.......-......... 646 } 873
I f 45,334 71,429
41,263
} 82,190 f 6,385
i 3,189
California—............ 3,008 2,074 600,152 576,521 32,689
31,875
960
265
117,730
25,169
7,044
65,311
120, 206
29,109
8,953
2,349
15,392
2,289
125
30,768
3,880
9, 986
} 4,.836
814
4,336
3,913
3,351
\ 562
41,288
} 7,303
33,985
108,242
6,814
1,838
8,462
20,309
63,820
664,046
492,408
23,469
148,178
386,696
83,663
41,971
194,207
87,936
27,768
122,072
29,403
16,881
61,094
737
7,911
7,046
119, 933
7,648
33,005
21,404
84,788
4,497
1,080
13,824
46,387
638,212
495,100
13,244
129,867
346,842
69,983
33.679
188; 199
64,001
97,899
26,236
16,088
49,121
6,902
1,623
95,847
47,168
13,314
9,311
20,406
5,062
33,607
19,971
13,635
62, 733
12, 430
5,337
34,965
2,844
10,639
8,421
{'■"069
155, 644 140,087
23,658
16,166
} 29,608
116,821 110,479
84,422
4 , 400
1,071
13,764
46,313
636,767
494,506
13,239
129,013
331,216
66,075
26,401
185,692
53,047
22,467
25,203
10,174
49,091
6,946
1,053
91,193
306
213
0
70
74
1,466
694
6
866
14,626
3,888
7,278
2,607
954
6,432
32
4,884
30
16
469
4,660
47,092 03
13,086
9,207
228
44
16, 092 4,314
5,062
S3, 574 33
19, 950 15
13, 618 18
49, 810 2,923
12,430
3,909 1,428
33,470 1,495
12,730 7,943
16,817 10,800 5,017
1,930
130, 233
27,924
102,809
2,929
9, 853
1,683
8,170
i Including pay transfers.
3 Except for track mileage, data were combined to avoid disclosing individual operations.
Source: Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census; Census of Electrical Industrie?, report on
Street Railways and Trolley-Bus and Motorbus Operations.

ELECTRIC RAILWAYS' 451
N o . SO B .— E l e c t r i c R a il w a y s — In c o m e A c c o u n t o p O p e r a t i n g C o m ­
p a n i e s : 1922 t o 1937
N ote.—See hefld n o te, table 602.
[All figures except percentages in thousands of dollars]
ALL COMPANIES
SURFACE LINES
1922 1927 1932 1037 1932 1937
Gross operating revenue.................................. 1,009,747 921,230 996,309 864,016 877,189 778,108
Ballwav operations. ___ _____________ 926,477 918,869 1566,290 513,129 447,189 427,221
Transportation, total.................-........... 895.019 882.631 639,661 497,079 (*) 416,707
Passenger................................................ 864,663 834,601 518,060 471,065 408,431 391,918
All other ............................................ 40,367 47,930 21,601 26,015 CO 24,849
M iscellaneous......................................... 30,458 36.338 26,629 16,049 (•) 10,454
Auxiliary operations3............ ..................... 84,269 2,361 430,019 350,887 430,019 350,887
Operating expenses, total...._____________ 720,828 687,933 680,581 643,360 601,857 585,824
Railway operating expenses........................ 078,503 636.638 *442,607 406,119 363,883 348,583
W ay and structures................................ 102,003 06,285 61,000 60,610 48,674 51.510
Equipm ent..................... . ........................ 87,237 92,865 55,921 52,267 43,993 43,513
Power......................................................... 107,246 98,602 70,647 61,119 56,420 49,464
Conducting transportation...................... 280,690 294,322 186,615 173,516 154,633 150,665
All other................................................. 96,388 104,664 68,524 58,707 60,163 53,401
Auxiliary operations *....... -........................ 42,200 1,295 237,974 237,242 237,974 237,242
Ratio of expenses to revenue (percent) ........ 71.4 74,7 68.3 74.5 68.6 75.3
Net operating revenue__________________ 288,924 233,297 316,728 220,656 276,331 192,284
Taxes— ___________ __________________ 64.788 57,809 40,670 40,400 33,416 32,965
Operating income______________________ 224,136 17S, 488 276,068 180,255 241,915 159,319
1Figures for 1632 not strictly comparable with those for 1637 because of the inclusion for 1832, and the
exclusion for 1837 of a small amount of data for trolley-bus operations.
3 N ot available.
> Represents principally the operations of such utilities as light, power, gas, heat, aiid water, except for
1927, when only the incidental sales of such service areincluded. Does not include motorbus or trolley-bus
operations of street railways.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census: Census of Electrical Industries, report on Street
Railways and Trolley-Bus and Motorbus Operations.
N o . 5 0 6 .— E l e c t r ic R a il w a y s— R e c e iv e r s h ip s a n d T r u s t e e s h ip s : 1910
t o 1939
RECEIVERSHIPS OR TRUSTEESHIPS
INSTITUTED
TERMINATEP UNDER FORECLOSURE
YEAR
Number
of Miles Outstanding securities
Receivers’
oer-
tificates
panics track Stock Bonds
Miles
of
track
Outstanding securities
Stock
Bonds
Number
of
companies
Dollars Dollars
Dollars Dollars Dollar,
1910___________ 11 607 12,629,400 75,490,736 22 724 19,106,613 26.374,075 0 )
1 9 1 4 ,................... 10 362 36.562.560 19.050.460 11 181 26,230,700 44,004,241 0
1915___________ 27 1,163 40,667,950 39,030,100 19 308 30,608,817 16,759,907 «
1016...................... 15 350 14,119,168 11, 434, 708 10 430 13.895. 400 22,702, 300 (!)
1917...................... 21 1,288 38,597,305 33,344,800 25 745 27,281; 900 27,313, 045
1918...................... 29 2,105 92.270, 779 172,015,103 23 524 37, 740, 325 20,149, 384
v )
(1) .
1919...................... 61 3,866 200,424,110 306,760,151 29 2, G75 89.893, 400 79,835, 738 42,300
1920...................... 19 1,056 86,467,105 07,755,860 13 260 7,782,400 11,227, 328 52,000
1921...................... 18 954 31,714,450 34.252,550 13 778 33,642,255 30,863,626 5 ,000
1022, ................... 14 702 17,566,050 26,100,800 13 323 7 ,4 9 1 ,5 0 0 12,640,600 14,683
1 9 2 3 .. ........... 12 333 0,700,100 13.255.300 16 927 118.077.959 110,638,250 12.2 6 6 ,0 0 0
1924___________ 13 1,164 30,365,585 40,200,356 14 869 21,022,800 34,845,535 3 ,4 4 0 ,3 8 8
1926___________ 13 1,129 36,291,045 48,632,084 13 569 18,074,300 18,320,555 53,000
1926 .................... 16 1,281 16,871,390 117,743,311 38 1,291 20,054,700 57,340,303 214,0 0 0
1927..................... 12 567 16,865,523 20,292,816 16 941 53.345.000 78.445,100 3 ,1 4 0 ,0 0 0
1928...................... 8 390 -8 ,4 6 7 ,2 0 0 . 16,014,400 8 1,004 26,084,325 40,683,400 168,160
1929...................... 5 500 39,035,000 35.373,900 10 510 18.472.995 21,173,700 285,359
man 15 1,765 79,647,700 97,442,081 8 1,055 36,254,965 44,504,000
1 9 3 1 .- ................. 16 1,525 40, 782,9 2 2 4 5 ,155,3 8 8 12 845 38.206.600 19,760,600 50,000
1982 20 1,032 176,333,850 392, 719, 308 6 847 10,085,000 12,609,800
1933...................... 10 1,736 30,773,300 119, 298,196 8 406 0,675,405 16,846,700 7,500
1934 5 246 3,887,600 7,217,100 6 329 13,086,100 19,663,000
1936 ____ 11 a 930 42,081, 037 70,371,343 10 «801 82,617,800 91, 512, 071
103ft 6 a 167 6, 241, 625 25,088, 500 12 . J 882 34,065,637 29,742,516
1037 2 s 111 4,603,520 3,025,000 4 3 138 2,402,400 25,402, 420
1938....................... 5 s 669 38,405,700 60,188,000 10 3 633 17,478,260 14,382,473 480,000
1889....................... 2 3 272 3,811,200 6,231,200 8 3 660 30,124,000 78,827,729
1 N ot available.
J Mileage of bus routes: 1636, 1,469 miles; 1936,39 miles; 1937,39 miles; 1938,226 miles; 1039,110 miles. Not
available for years prior to 1935. „ „„ , _ „
3 Mileage of bus routes: 1936, 234 miles; 1936, 556 miles; 1937,12 miles; 1938,186 miles; 1939, 1,320 miles.
N ot available for years prior to 1935.
Source: McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Inc., New York, N. Y.; Transit Journal, Annual Statistical Number.

4 5 2 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND
N o. SOT.— E lectric Railways— Summary for E levated and Subw ay Lines
1912 to 1937
1912 1917 1922 1927 1939 1937
Number of companies....... —...................... 7 7 7 >4 7 4
Miles of track 3............ ........ ........................ 517.8 600.1 857.9 870.9 1,028.4 786
Number of cars.......... ................................. 5,700 6,801 8,096 8,654 12, 045 8,849
Passengers carried (thousands).................. 1,004,823 1, 274,052 1,745,167 2, 222, 586 2,039,445 1,584,078
Revenue passengers, including pay
transfer................................................ 091,002 1,202,C09 1.743,284 2,220,794 2.033,018 1,582,942
Revenue ear mileage (thousands)............... 219,375 247,109 303,340 377,213 390,880 322,794
Average number of revenue passengers:
Per mile of all track *______________ 1,913,950 2,112,340 2,226,716 2,858,422 2, 092,587 2,402,030
Per passenger-oar hour__ ______ ____ (»> » 91 94 (*) 79
Salaried employees:
Numbor_________________________ 907 1,937 1,372 1,471 1,812 2,351
Salaries (thousands of dollars)............. 1,308 2,648 3,008 3,877 4,525 5,752
Wage earners:
Number_________________________ 19,098 20,835 26,007 27,965 20,982 19,985
Wages (thousands of dollars)............... 13,867 22,093 40,988 47,283 50,462 33,288
1 Exclusive of the mixed elevated, subway, and surface systems of Boston and Philadelphia which are
included in the surface group. 24 companies were consolidated and treated as one company in 1927.
3 Includes a minor amount of surface trackage.
* Average for 1912 based on all track exclusive of idle track and freight and switching roads; for 1917,1922,
and 1927, on running track exclusive of idle track and freight and switching roads; for 1932 and 1937, on total
main track,
8 No data.
No. 5 0 8 .— E l e c t r i c R a il w a y s — M i l e a g e o p E l e v a t e d T r a c k a n d S u b w a y
a n d T u n n e l T r a c k , b y S t a t e s : 1917 t o 1937
N ote.—F igures given in this table cover all tracks, each track of a double or multiple line being countod
separately
CLASS OF TRACK­
A GE AND 8 TATE
1917 1922 1927 1932 1937
CLASS OF TRACK­
AGE AND STATE
1917 1922 1937 1932 1937
Elevated, total. 497 602 709
Now Y o rk -....... 297 363 373 380 406
Illinois................ 147 164 179 179 230
Pennsylvania- — 17 33 32 32 36
Massachusetts — 26 30 36 40 29
Now Jersey____ 43 43311 4 4 4
Missouri.............
Washington___
8 2
M aryland_____ 1 11 1
California.......... 11 1 1
Kansas..... .........
Minnesota_____
1
Indiana..............
1
Subways and tun-
Dels, total.......... 219 326 312 510 729
Now Y ork1___ 163 269 282 367 563
Massachusetts - 25 27 20 31 45
New Jersey l.~ 13 13 13 13 n
Pennsylvania-- 9 8 9 38 43
California......... 5 5 6 8 8
Illinois.........— 2 2 2 61 58
All other States2 2 2 1 2 1
1 Figures for Now Jersey include 11 miles owned and operated by a Now York company.
2 Connecticut, Minnesota, Missouri, Rhode Island, West Virginia, and Wisconsin, 1917; Rhode Island,
Minnesota, and Missouri, 1922; Minnesota, Missouri, Rhode Island, and Washington, 1927; Minnesota,
Missouri, Montana, Rhodo Island, and Washington, 1932; Rhode Island, 1937.
Source of table? 507 and 508: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tho Census; Census of Electrical
Industries, report on Street Railways and Trolley-Bus and Motorbus Operations.

TROLLEY-BUS LINES' 453
N o. 5 0 9 .— E l e c t r ic R a il w a y s— F in a n c ia l S u m m a r y f o r E l e v a t e d a n d
S u b w a y L i n e s : 1912 t o 1937
N ote.—All figures in thousands of dollars. Data exclude the mixed elevated, subway, and surface
systems of Boston and Philadelphia which are included In the surface group
ACCOUNT 1012 1017 1022 1937 1932 1937
Income from all sources______ _________
Operating revenues________________ . . .
Operating expenses___________________
N et operating revenue_________ ______
Taxes of operating companies______ ____
Operating income____________________
Miscellaneous income_________________
Gross income________________________
Deductions from gross Income_________
Interest_________________ ________
Miscellaneous........................................
N et income..................................................
Surplus..........................-.......................
65,246
52,239
23,613
28,626
3,501
25,125
3,008
28,133
18,902
0,654
9,248
9,231
. 8,530
701
70,213
68,637
31,669
36,868
5,136
31,732
1,676
33,408
21,347
10,442
10,905
12,001
10,087
2,974
108,483
105,862
67,660
38,202
0,441
31,761
2,621
34,382
34,850
19,225
15, 631
* m
132,135
129,020
78,202
60,817
8,216
42,603
3,115
46,718
33,907
23, 270
10, 637
11,811
6,250
5,561
*None reported. 2 No data. * Deficit.
s m
121, 612
119,120
78, 723
40,397
7,253
33,143
2,492
36,635
34,036
26,451
7,585
1,689
£
85.908
85.908
57,530
28,372
7,435
20,037
(0 21,762
26,954
8
"6,180
(»)
«
No. 5 1 0 .— T r o l l e y -B u s L in e s — S u m m a r y : 1932 a n d 1937
N o t e .— F ig u re s for 1937 c o v er all tro lle y -b u s co m p an ies o p e r a tin g d u rin g t h a t p e rio d ; th o se for 1932 r e p r e ­
s e n t tro lle y -b u s o p e ra tio n s of e leotrlo s t r e e t ra ilw a y com p an ies
1932 > 1937
Number of companies1.................................................... ................................................
Miles of route (round trip)....... ....................................... ...... .........................................
Milos of street or highway served (one way)................................ ..................................
Number of trolley busses operated..................................- ..............................................
Passengers, total number (thousands)................................ ...........................................
Revenue, including pay-transfer...............-......... . .................. ................................
Free, including free-transfer..................— — -.............
Revenue trolley-bus miles (thousands)._______ . _______ _____________________
Revenue passengers per revenue mile (average number)__________________ ____
Wage earners, num ber1......................................................... .......... ................................
Wages (thousands of dollars)........................................................—...........— ...............-
Salaried employees, numbor (average of number reported on June 30 and Dec. 31)..
Salaries (thousands of dollars)......................................................................... ................
Accidents:
Fatalities, number................................ -________ ____________ ___________
Injured, number....................................................... .................................. ..............
Operating revenues, total................................................................................. ...............
Transportation revenues......... -........................... ........................................ ...........
Other revenues................................................................ ........ — -...........................
Operating expenses, total................................................................................................
Way and structures and equipment......................-............ —........
Power.................................................................... ............... ..................................
Conducting transportation........................................................................................
General and other............................................ .................................... .....................
N et operating revenues (trolley-bus)........................... .......... .......................................
Auxiliary opo rations: *
Kevenues...............................................
Expenses............................. *...
Net operating revenue........................
Taxes assignable to trolley-bus operations.
Operating Income........................................
Nonoperating income..................................
Gross income...................... -........................
N et income..................... .............................
10
244
118
247
34,300
20,721
4,620
8,703
3.4
334
551
8
(*)
8
(*>
&

4 5 4 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND
N o. 5 1 1 .— M o to r b u s L in e s — S u m m a r y f o r L in e s O p e r a t e d b y E l e c t r ic
R a ilw a y s and b y S u b s id ia r y a n d S u c c e s s o r C o m p a n ie s : 1927, 1932,
a n d 1937
1937
Operated by—
Total
Electric
railway
companies
Subsidiary
companies
Successor
companies
All
other1
Number of companies................................ 301 498 988 143 48 282 516
Number of routes oporated....... .................. 1,583 3,613 4,668 1,766 368 1,388 1,156
Miles of route (round trip) ........................ 29,267 77,897 96,537 24,557 10,156 23,579 37,248
Miles of street or highway served (one way). 14,299 36,652 45,095 11,243 4,819 11,269 17,764
Number of busses, total........................... - 8,277 15.004 28,056 12,910 2,638 6,763 5,746
Owned................................................. 7 ,8 1 t 14,076 20,056 1 2 ,2 6 4 2 ,6 0 7 8.601 6,634
Leased.................................................. 45S 988 1,100 656 71 262 111
Single-deck.........-.................................. 7,745 14,486 27,041 12,762 2,423 6,706 5,161
Double-deck.......................................... 532 678 1,015 158 216 58 684
Number of motor busses required tor normal
day:
Base schedule:
Summer.................................... ...... « « 13,295 4,959 1,072 3.783 3,475
Winter...................................... ...... («) w 13,070 5,186 1,079 3,906 3,499
Peak schedule:
Summer.................................... ...... ) 22,806 10,48) 2,007 5,703 4,675
Number of passengers carried (thousands). - 875,402 1,302,318 3,363,229 1,614,617 273,529 891,390 583,693
Revenue passengers......... .............-___ 771.80C 1,136, 500 2,889,054 1,300,718 240,627 795,686 640,124
Pay-trsnsfor passengers......................... 12,453 12,102 57,992 11,238 12.70C 26,713 8,342
Free-transler passengers........................ 86,235 143,729 392,178 283,305 18.262 63,05C 20.900
Tree passengers (estimated)................. 6,907 10,928 24,005 13,36C 2,04C 6,341 2,267
Number of bus-miles (thousands)............... 272, 518 499,025 907,435 424,549 91,038 244,373 207,475
Revenue miles....................................... 270, 483 404, 022 058, 760 420,087 00.165 243,059 205,458
Nonrevenue miles.................................. 2,035 4,103 8,666 4,462 872 1,314 2,017
Number of bus-liours (thousands).............. 24,927 43,308 87,442 39,408 7,071 22,024 17,739
Revenue hours...................................... 24,671 42,76C 86,251 38,817 7,445 22,497 17,492
Nonrevenue hours................................. 350 648 1,191 591 220 126 248
Number killed or died from injuries__ ___ 108 95 174 85 11 40 32
Number injured but not killed.,.................. 10,082 11,820 41,015 21,222 3,925 9,326 6,542
income statistics (thousands of dollars)
Operating revenues...................................... 68,121 99,884 219,521 94.599 22,587 56,000 47.270
Transportation revenues...................... 67,252 88,329 217,673 03,801 22,149 54,71£ 48,904
Miscellaneous.................................— 808 1,655 1,947 797 437 347 365
Operating expenses...................................... 65.771 94,618 182,301 78,547 20,079 44,044 39,032
Maintenance of plant and equipment— 23,717 30,13 4 51.79C 21,580 0,202 12,887 11.127
Operation.............................................. 36,0SC 54,637 101,530 45,670 11,429 23,619 21,012
General expense including traffio promotion...............................................
5,998 9,847 28,975 11,397 2,448 7,638 7,493
Net operating revenue, motorbus lines.__ 2,349 5,206 37,220 16,052 2,507 11,022 7,038
3 SSI 4 6,311 (*)
6,267 44
Total not revenues, motorbus and auxiliary. 2,119 5,270 43,631 16,052 2,607 17,290 7,682
Taxes........ -.................................................. 2,880 0,024 20,142 7,659 1,946 5,098 4,849
Operating income, motorbus and ouxiliary. 3761 >750 23,389 8,402 m 11,592 2.833
Nonoperating income........ ....................... 295 545 1,763 120 46 1,039 658
Gross income.,........................................... 1466 • 1 0 0 25,162 8,522 60S 12,631 3,391
Deductions from gross income..................... 1,707 2,67C 10,805 2,452 874 6,386 1,163
Net income.................................................. 3 e, m • 6 ,8 8 6 14,287 6,070 m 6,245 2,238
Number of employees................................. 16,633 30,514 58,416 26,735 5,357 14,589 11,736
Salaried employees............................... 2,332 3,896 7,951 3,831 Oil 1,893 1,610
Wage earners......................................... 14, 30c 26,018 50.465 22,904 4.74c 12,099 10,110
Salaries and wages (thousands of dollars). - 27,561 48,512 92,679 43,435 8,093 21,894 18.658
Salaries.................................................. 3,34C 0.439 15,354 6,800 1,120 3,722 3,700
Wages........................... ........................ 24,224 37,072 77,325 36,635 7,560 18,172 14,951
1Includes data for affil iates of trolley-bus systems and for motorbus systems not affiliated with, subsidiary
to, or successors to street-railway systems in cities with population of 100,000 inhabitants or over.
1No data.
* Deficit.
4 Included in consolidated balance sheets of reports for operating street railways. See table 505.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Electrical Industries, report on
Street Railways and Trolley-Bus and Motorbus Operations.

MOtEOEiSUS I.TXES 455
N o . 5 1 2 . — M o t o r b u s L in e s — M il e a g e and P a s s e n g e r T r a f f ic , b y St a t e s :
1932 AND 1937
DIVISION AND STATE
MILES OP ROUTE
(ROUND TRIP)
MILES OP STREET
OR HIGHWAY
SERVED (ONE
WAY)
REVENUE PASSEN­
GERS CARRIED 1
(NUMBER IN
thousands;
REVENUE
MOTORBUS
MILES
(THOUSANDS)
1032 1037 1932 1937 1932 1937 1932 1037
I f n ite d S tates............................... 77, 897 96, 637 30,662 45,095 1, 147,882 2,847,046 494, 922 058, 780
New England................................. 9,399 16, 627 4,206 6,796 182,134 340,350 58,350 113,684
Maine................ _....................... 287 478 147 239 277 1,124 640 90G
New Hampshire and Vermont2- 8 3,118 710 3 1,889 364 J 26,007 3,523 3 0,731 2, 305
Massachusetts............................ 4.494 10,494 2,085 4,065 107,520 232,881 35,877 68,202
Rhode Island.............................. (') 2,008 w 994 C1) 24,049 (

4 5 6 TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND LAND
No. 5 1 3 .— M o t o r b u s L in e s — S u m m a r y f o r P u b l ic C a r r i e r s a n d P r iv a t e
C a r r ie r s : 1934 t o 1939
N ote—Figures for 1037 and 1938 have been revised in keeping with actual operating revenues. Figures
for earlier years have not been so revised
1934 1931 1936 1937 1933 1939
PUBLIC CARRIER (REVENUE) OPERATIONS
Number of operating companies (Dec. 31)......... 6,024 4,700 4,780 4,165 4,007 3,762
Owned by:
Motor carriers i . ........................-........... 4,754 4,432 4,620 3,913 3,765 3,630
Electric railways........- --------- ----------- 199 200 188 177 177 163
Steam railroads............................... ........ 71 62 63 65 65 58
Oity (including "city and suburban”) ____ 805 800 816 730 746 7ao
Intercity........................................................ 3,904 3,870 3,600 3,000 2,848 2,598
Sightseeing and charter hire............. ........... 315 330 365 425 413 428
Number of busses (Dec. 31)................... ............. 43,000 45,000 49,000 61,500 51,500 51,650
Owned by:
Motor carriers *___________________ 29,900 30,660 34,400 36,000 31,700 81,850
Electric railways,-.................... ........ 11,000 12,000 12,860 18,700 18,000 18,000
Steam railroads........— ...................... 1,410 1,760 1,760 1,800 1,800 1,700
City (including “city and suburban")____ 17,580 19,250 22.000 24,500 20,200 30,335
Intorcity...................... ................ ................. 22,820 23,750 24,760 24,750 20,000 18,614
Sightseeing and charter hire...................... 2,600 2,000 2,250 2,250 2,300 2,001
Miles of highway covered (Dec. 31)................... *401,665 *395,774 395,800 393,350 379,819 368,686
On lines owned by:
Motor c a r r i e r s ............................... 301,795 335, Q00 338.000 334,080 319,319 300,588
Electric railways...------------— ....... 16,420 16,520 13,800 14,170 16,500 16,108
Steam railroads............................ — - 23,450 48,254 44.000 44,500 45,000 41,930
City (including “city and suburban”)____ 19,665 24.000 24,760 22,300 24,819 28,164
Intercity..............._...................................... 364,000 340,774 345.050 345, 050 355,000 330,532
Sightseeing and charter hire........................ 28,000 25,000 26,000 26,000 « ■
Eovonue bus-mil as (millions)............................. 1,544 1,813 2,042 1,888 1,980 2,282
Oity (including “city and suburban”)____ 588 691 750 811 083 1,103
Intercity........................................................ 004 1,085 1,250 1,027 091 1,100
Sightseeing and charter hire......................... 52 38 42 50 13 18
Revenue passengers (millions)........................... 2,203 2,601 3,076 3, 293 3, 658 4,324
City (including "city and suburban")........ 1,809 2,084 2,571 2,737 3,185 3,81.2
Intercity......................................................... 378 416 500 552 374 512
Sightseeing and charter hire..................... 15 2 5 3 m P)
Operating revenue (thousands of dollars).......... 310,600 303,040 406,708 384,860 402,454 403,457
City (inoluding “city and suburban”)____ 131,200 145,690 183,708 186, 340 216, 224 205,813
Intercity......................................................... 171. 200 239,950 275,000 1 0 0 ,1 0 0 177, 400 210,044
Sightseolng and oharter hire......................... 8,200 7,500 8,000 8,420 8,830 11,000
Investment in plant and equipment (Dec. 31)
(thousands of dollars)...................................... 362,235 407,817 440, 280 459,030 404,000 564,418
Number of employees (Dec. S I)........................ 04, 632 160,831 116,680 112, 239 116,523 120,000
Total taxes and fees (thousands of dollars) 4___ 37,280 40,375 43,601 38,937 43,702 50,020
Speofal taxes and fees ............................ 33,300 35,625 38,470 34,367 pi m
General taxes fl. _ ............................. ......... 3,980 4,760 5,126 4,670 w m
PRIVATE CARRIER (NONREVENUE) OPERATIONS
Number of operating agencies (Dec. 31).............. 24,100 28,740 32,450 35,150 36,850 4 3 ,0 0 0
School.............. .......................................... 23,600 .28,240 31.950 34,650 36,350 42,500
Others__________ ______________ ____ 500 500 500 600 600 600
Number o{ busses operated. (Dee. 31).................. 65,130 72,860 74,900 7$, 100 81,100 86,700
School............................................................ 64,130 71,860 73,900 78,100 80,100 86,700
Others_____________________________ 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
Miles of route operated (Dec. 31)......................... 700,600 029,000 994.000 1,024,000 1,220,000 1,284,000
School__________ __________ _________ 702,600 925,000 990,000 1,020,000 1,226,000 1,280,000
Others_____ _______ _________________ 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000
Passengers carried (millions)-------- -------------- 524 594 640 656 690 769
School........... ................................................ 614 584 630 646 080 749
Others........................................................... 10 10 10 10 10 10
*Common carriers and sightseeing carriers.
* Miles of route operated (one way). Includes slight duplication resulting from use of same highway by
more than one route. * Not available. 4 Does not include income and excess-profit taxes.
s All taxes paid as users of the highway and as operators of motor vehicles; includes excise taxes levied
under Rovonuo Acts of 1032 and 1934. « All taxes paid as citizens and businesses in general.
Source: McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., Inc., New York, N. Y.; Bus Transportation, Annual Reviowand
Statistical Number.

CIVIL AERONAUTICS 457
No. 5 1 4 .— C iv il A e r o n a u t ic s— S u m m a r y : 1930 t o 1939
item 1930 1932 1034 1936 1038 1030
SCHEDULED HR TRANSPORT OPERATIONS
Services in operation Dec. 31»_________ 122 130 98 110 139 170
Miles of all airways in operation Dec, 31.. 40,640 48,530 60,801 61,532 71.109 80,109
Domestic8.......................................... 29,887 28,660 28,084 28,874 36,492 36, 581
Foreign and territorial8....................... 19,062 19,080 22,717 32,658 35,707 43, 528
Airplanes in service and reserve Dec. 31:
Num ber________________________ 600 504 518 380 345 339
Domestic8__________ ______ _ 407 456 417 272 253 205
Foreign and territorial2. ............. 103 108 101 108 92 74
Value (thousands of dollars)3_______ 11,490 8,763 10,500 16,200 21, 500 20, 500
Total personnel employed Doe. 3111....... 3,476 6,010 6, 477 9,995 13,309 15,923
Pilots and copilots employed............. 676 717 759 1,241 1,425 1,708
Airplane-miles flown, all operators (thousands).....................................................
. 38,046 51,172 49, 065 73, 612 81, 058 90.976
Domestic 8.......................................... 31,903 45,606 40,955 63,777 09,669 82,572
Foreign and territorial8...................... 4,053 5,600 8,109 9,836 11,389 8,405
Airplane-miles flown daily, average lor
the year1.................................................. 101,220 139,542 133,062 201,017 222,077 249,240
Passengers carried....................................... 417, 505 647,600 572,205 1,160,043 1, 636, 111 2,045,021
Domestic ...................... 42,570 73,281 110, 522 145,112 192,684 168,970
Average passenger-mile rate (domestic)__ $0.083 $0,061 $0.059 $0,057 $0.057 $0.051
Express and height carried * (thousands
ol pounds)................................................ 469 1,673 3,482 8,414 0,453 10,912
Domestic *............................................. 360 1,034 2,133 6,959 7, 336 9,514
Foreign and territorial1...................... 109 639 1,349 1,466 2,117 1,398
Miles ol mail airways Deo. 311................. 41,501 46,430 46,003 51,740 63,292 74,338
Airplane-miles flown with maiD (thousands)........................................................
19,904 30,053 • 27,340 44,028 64,600 81.112
Mail carried hy contractors (thousands
ol pounds)................................................. ■8,514 7,900 7,872 18,324 (’) (’)
Domestic11......................................... 7,986 7,303 7,411 17,70S (7) (')
Foreign and territorial >...................... 529 515 401 618 785 977
Mail income to contractors (thousands of
dollars)...................................................... 20,010 20,234 915,722 19,724 24,292 28.534
Domestio1 s.....................*.................... 14, 703 19,294 88,804 12,434 15, 691 17,584
Foreign and territorial8....................... 5,313 6,940 6,918 7,291 8,001 10,950
MISCELLAMOPS 10
Airplane-miles flown, private flying operations
(thousands)....................- ......... 108,270 78,179 75,602 93,320 129,350 177,868
Miles airways lighted by Civil Aeronautics
Administration............ ................... 15,258 10,500 19,081 22,245 23,723 27,074
Miles of airway lighting under construction
by Civil Aeronautics Administration. 3,221 3,048 1,849 2,192
Beacons, revolving and flashing ffederally
operated)........................................- 1,652 1,988 1,520 1,918 1,907 2,089
Beacons, privately owned and certified__ 140 228 310 410 630 650
Radio broadcast stations........... .............. 45 61 71 80 91 92
Radio range beacon stations...................... 33 08 112 146 225 244
Radio marker beacons________________ 6 74 84 57 48 48
Weather reporting airway and airport
stations11................................. .............. 143 234 206 213 314 298
Weather Bureau first-order stations____ 200 216 185 182 182 185
Commercial and private airports............. 564 645 618 625 528 456
Municipal airports................................... 550 549 702 738 791 643
Intermediate landing fields—Civil Aeronautics
Administration—
Lighted.............................................. 347 337 250 284 265 266
7 15 9 12 2
Auxiliary airports—marked.................... 240 476 680 022 628 605
Army, Navy, Marine Corps, National
Guard, Reserve, and miscellaneous Airports-----------------------------------------
74 05 138 161 160 250
Pilots licensed (active), airplane18. ....... — 15,280 18,594 13,949 16,952 22,983 31,264
Airplanes licensed (active)18................... 7,354 7,330 6,330 7,424 10,000 12.820
i Domestic, foreign and territorial; see note 2.
8 Domestic scheduled air linos operate within continental limits of the United States; foreign and territorial
operations cover activities of American air lines in foreign countries and territories of the United
States. 3 Estimated. 4 Includes office personnel beginning 1032.
3 N ot including express and freight privately carried.
3 Includes 1,719,919 airplane-miles flown by Army Air Corps. 7 Data not available.
* T he mail pound-miles flown and mail-payment statistics of Inter Island Airways, Ltd., are included
with the domestic mail pound-miles and mail payments as this company holds a domestic air mail contract.
All other statistics for this carrier are included with the figures for foreign and territorial operations.
• Includes $2,240,004 paid to Army Air Corps.
All data, except airplane-miles flown, are as of Dec. 31; figures, except as noted, cover the domestic
field only.
u Long line teletypewriter equipped.
15 Pilots and airplanes licensed by the American Government; figures include some pilots and airplanes
operating on foreign extensions.
Source; Department of Commerce, Civil Aeronautics Administration; figures published in Oct. 15,1940,
issue of Civil Aeronautics Journal, a semimonthly publication.
207700°— 41-------31

21. WATERWAYS, WATER TRAFFIC, AND SHIPPING
(Data in this section cover the following areas unless otherwise indicated: From Board of Engineers of the
United States Army, Bureau of Customs, and Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, United States
customs area whioh includes Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto kico, and, beginning Jan. 1,1936, Virgin Islands;
from United States Maritime Commission, continental United States]
G eneral note as to u n ite o f m e a s u r e m e n t,—“ Cargo tonnage” represents weight of cargo in long tons (2,240
pounds) or short tons (2.000 pounds), All other tonnage figures refer to capacity of vessels. The terms
gross and net tonnage refer to space measurement, 100 cubic feet being called 1 ton. Gross tonnage is the
capacity of the entire space within the frames and the ceiling of the hull, together with those closed-in
spaces above deck available for cargo, stores, passengers or crew, with certain minor exemptions. Net
or registered tonnage is what remains after deducting from the gross tonnage the spaces occupied by the
propelling machinery, fuel, crew quarters, master's cabin, and navigation spaces. It represents substantially
space aval able for cargo and passengers. The net tonnage capacity of a ship recorded as “ entered
with cargo" may bear little relation to actual weight of cargo. Dead-weight tonnage is the weight In
long tons required to depress a vessel fromlight water lino (that is, with only the machinery and equipment
on board) to load line. It is therefore the weight of the cargo, fuel, etc., which a vessel Is designed
to carry with safety. Displacement tonnage (naval vessels) has reference to weight of the vessel itself
with its normal equipment, fuel, etc.
N o . 5 1 5 .— W a t e r - B o r n e C o m m e r c e o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s — C a r g o T o n n a g e ,
F o r e i g n a n d D o m e s t i c : 1933 t o 1938
[In thousands of short tons of 2,000 pounds]
1933 1934 1935 1936 1037 1998
Foreign commerce, total____________________ 69,467 77,898 81,840 90,247 114,413 105,182
Imports, through seaports__ ;____________ 27,071 30.563 33,943 37,507 43,704 33,880
Exports, through seaports___ ___________ 31,197 33,670 33,922 37,154 52,910 65,470
Imports, Great Lakes ports........—................ 3,034 4,287 4,718 5,423 4,102 6,110
Exports, Groat Lakes ports_______ ______ 7,606 9,488 9,060 10,163 13, 037 10,710
Domestio commerce, unadjusted total...________ 377,777 403,027 461,632 669,614 830,820 532,008
Coastwise, between p o rts.........—................ 110,340 113,240 115,442 132,307 149,417 138,478
Great Lakes, between ports.......................... 60,240 71,795 83, 748 115,398 135,399 72,913
Local traffic of seaports and Great Lakes
ports1....................................................... 67.093 64,744 80.474 91,443 94,672 81,016
Traffic between seaports and river points. 23,244 31,170 31,829 40,019 51,682 60, 034
Traffic on rivers, canals, and connecting
channels >.................................................... 110,064 122,069 160,139 178,487 199,460 188,388
Foreign and domestic, unadjusted total________ 447,244 480,825 643, 271 649, 861 745,933 837, 180
Deduction of duplications;
Traffic between seaports and river points__ 23,244 31,179 31,820 40, 919 61,682 50, 634
Other duplications (canals, etc.)3................... 29,896 36,438 68, 111 83,100 110,261 119, 650
Net total, foreign and domestic............................. 894,104 414,308 453, 331 525,842 683,100 466, 900
Approximate net total, domestic ‘...... ................... 324,637 336,410 371, 892 435, 596 468,687 381, 718
1Comprises the following with figures for 1838: Harbor traffic of Now York, Philadelphia, and San
Francisco, 40,438,000; local traffic of other seaports, 31,610,000; local traffic of lake ports, 9,507,000.
’ Excluding St. Marys Falls Canal traffic (40,043,000 tons in 1938) and additional Detroit River traffic
(21,784,000 tons in 1938), data for which are already included in figures for Groat Lakes traffic; also excluding
duplications relating to rivers and canals themselves.
3 Principally coastwise and lake traffic passing through canals and commoting channels other than the
S t. Marys Falls Canal and the Detroit Elver.

WATER TRAFFIC 4 5 9
N o. 5 1 6 .— C o m m e r c e o f P r i n c i p a l U n i t e d S t a t e s O c e a n P o r t s : 1938
N ote.—I n thousands of short tons of 8,000 pounds, In addition to the commerce here shown, many of
the ports have (1) commerce with ports on internal rivers and canals; (2) purely local port traffic, including,
in the case of New York, Philadelphia, and San Francisco, what is called intraport traffic between parts
of a harbor for which separate statistics are maintained. These forms of traffics, although the aggregate
tonnage is large, are of much less economic importance than foreign and coastwise traffic
pout
Im ­
ports
COASTWISE
Grand to tal...... 33, 886 56,478 133,515 143,440
Atlantic ports........ 26,296 18,608 91,063 97,816
Searsport, Maine........ 11 IP 338 30
Portland, Maine......... 223 80 2,135 380
Portsmouth, N. H ___ 86 238 10
Boston, Mass.............. 1,708 321 11,594 999
15 379 25
Salem,’Mass................ (i) 378
Lynn,' Mass................ w 3 267
Now ’ Bedford and
Fairbaven, Mass__ w (9 582 32
Fall River, Mass........ • 7 1,058 192
Providence, R. I......... 112 85 3,931 473
Naw London, Conn.. A 424 73
New Haven, Conn__ 20 2,340 499
Bridgeport, Conn....... 7 10 1,302 181
448 37
New York Harbor,
N. Y ................... 11,063 0, 60S 30, Oil 7, 075
Albany, N. Y............. 204 576 1,360 44
Hempstead, N. Y___ 426 1,496
27 957
Philadelphia, Pa.J___ 3,880 1,209 16,471 4, 509
■Wilmington, Del........ 233 5 228 3
Baltimore, M d........... 4,822 1,311 4,959 1, 712
Hampton Roads, V a.. 827 1,993 2,332 15,888
■Wilmington, N. C___ 202 57 1,310 3
Charleston Harbor,
S. CS.«.................. 474 248 1,049 296
Savannah, Ga............. 482 318 1,054 600
Jacksonville, Fla........ 268 174 1,306 572
Hollywood Harbor,
F la............................ 75 07 353 35
Miami, Fla.................. 40 66 587 109
San Juan, P, R ........... 298 18 610 *272
Ponce Harbor, P. R -. 48 (•) 135 97
St. Thomas, V. I ........ 72 159 109 4
Suit ports_______ 4,514 26, 508 12,005 72,822
Charlotte, Fla........... W 284 7 458
Tampa, Fla................. 115 1,026 1,226 1,036
St. Andrews Bay, Fla. 40 64 341 no
Pensacola, Fla............ 154 183 08 29
Mobilo, Ala................. 407 1,420 900 618
New Orleans, La____ 2,400 3,389 2,434 3,275
Baton Rouge, La........ 351 606 100 3,459
POUT
COASTWISE
Exports
Receipts
Shipments
Imports
Exports
Receipts
Shipments
Gulf ports—Con.
1,471
Lake Charles, La....... 28 451 20 2,553
Beaumont, Tex.......... 61 1,278 1,240 13, 049
Port Arthur, Tex....... 2 4,243 2,030 12,399
10 447
Galveston, Tex........... 260 1, 005 340 1,263
Texas City, Tex......... 36 1,587 1,369 5,738
Houston, Tex............. 520 6,175 1,438 14,831
352 5,997
Corpus Christi, T ex.. 11 2,082 207 4,828
Brazos Island Harbor,
Tex—...................... 4 20 96 257
Pacific ports____ 8,076 15,374 30,857 33, 302
San Diego, Calif......... 50 11 538 12
Los Angeles, Calif___ 509 6,051 4,888 7,018
1,995
422 299 1,322
Long Beach, Calif___ 116 410 770 1,020
25 349
San Liiis Obispo,
Calif........................ 537 41 2,129
1,504 4,635
San Francisco Bay,
Calif......................... 976 3,812 11, 036 5,290
195 249 96
119 29 305
Portland’, Oreg~.......... loo 699 2,865 1,075
151 39 491
Hammorsicy Inlet,
Wash........................ 6 131 296
Grays Harbor and
B ar E n tra n c o ,
Wash........................ 70 227 214
17 44 314
Olympia, Wash.......... M 19 261 307
Tacoma, Wash........... 203 280 632 049
Seattle, Wash............. 275 305 2,936 1,197
Everett, Wash............ 103 57 495 359
Bellingham, Wash— 70 38 103 215
Port Angeles, W ash.. 255 19 102 206
P o rt T o w n se n d ,
Wash........................ 63 352 63
Honolulu, Hawaii....... 106 10 2,003 837
Kahului, Hawaii____ 2 7 190 214
Hilo, Hawaii........... 24 41 202 284
i Less than 500 tons. 8 Including Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers, Pa, 3 Including Ashley River.
Souroe: War Department, U. S. Army, Office of Chief of Engineers; Annual Report, Part II.
N o . 5 1 7 .— C o m m e r c e o f P r i n c i p a l G r e a t L a k e s P o r t s : 1935 t o 1938
NotE.—In thousands of short tons of 2,000 pounds. Foreign imports and exports and coastwise receipts
and shipments are included
PORT
r e c e ip t s
SHIPMENTS
1035 1936 1937 1038 1035 1936 1937 1938
89, 523 120, 507 139,207 77,375 92,749 125, 679 149,329 84,271
72 86 206 46 3,622 6, 212 10, 013 4,250
145 233 251 183 2,003 2. 536 2,705 1,937
i 399 540 078 542 3,437 5,178 0,329 2,529
3,305 5,034 7,377 3,279 4,809 4, 501 4, 080 2,082
Buffalo, N . Y ............................... 10,152 13,478 15,394 9,677 2,702 3,160 2,706 1,881
i Revised, revision not carried to total.

4 6 0 WATERWAYS, WATER TRAFFIC, AND SHIPPING
N o. 5 1 7 .— C o m m e rc e o p P r i n c i p a l G r e a t Lakes P o r t s : 1935 t o 1938— Con.
PORT
r e c e i p t s
S H IP M E N T S
1935 1 936 1937 1 9 3 8 1935 1 9 3 6 1937 1938
Calcitc, Mioh............................... 6 2 9 6 93 5 0 3 , 8 0 8 5 , 4 9 2 7 ,3 0 8 3 ,2 6 9
Charlotte, N. Y. (Rochester)............ 1 4 7 145 9 2 1 6 5 4 0 9 3 8 9 5 8 8 547
Chicago, i l l . 1........................................................... 8 ,3 4 9 1 1 ,7 4 1 1 4 ,5 3 9 6 , 2 8 8 8 6 6 1 ,0 7 7 1 ,4 3 6 3 ,3 7 7
Cleveland, O h io ...................... 8 ,3 4 6 13, 2 0 2 1 4 ,5 9 6 5 ,1 0 4 2 ,5 4 5 2 , 0 3 0 2 ,6 9 1 1 ,7 8 5
Conneaut, Ohio.......................... 3 ,8 6 8 7, 580 1 0 ,7 9 1 3 ,2 2 1 2 ,0 6 5 2 , 5 6 3 3 ,4 4 4 1 ,7 8 3
Detroit, Mioh.............................. 1 0 ,6 7 6 1 2 ,0 8 0 1 3 ,1 9 2 1 0 ,6 0 4 1 ,2 8 8 1 ,2 9 0 1 ,2 7 3 897
Duluth-Superior............................... 8 ,1 7 0 11, 774 1 1 ,2 2 7 7, 9 0 5 21, 0 1 6 3 2 ,7 0 3 4 5 ,0 1 2 1 5 ,0 7 3
Erie, Pa......... * ..................... 1 ,5 7 3 2 ,3 1 3 3, 620 1 , 2 4 2 2 ,0 3 2 2 ,8 2 9 2 ,7 0 2 2 ,3 8 4
Escanaba, Mich................................ 237 298 300 109 2 ,0 2 3 2 ,0 5 4 3 ,4 9 1 1 ,1 9 5
Fairport, Ohio............................. 1 ,7 9 1 1 ,9 8 4 3 ,2 1 3 1, 201 6 5 8 789 998 746
Frankfort, Mleh............................... 621 640 704 5 1 8 4 1 7 4 8 5 473 388
Gary, Ind.......................................... 5 ,9 1 8 8 ,4 2 3 8 ,1 2 8 3 , 0 0 8 1 4 23 72 40
Grand Haven, M idi........................ 6 0 68 105 8 5 69 188 307 458
2 5 2 3 1 8 478 606
Green Bay. Wis............................... 1 ,5 8 1 1 ,8 9 4 2 ,2 4 0 1 , 9 5 2 7 12 3 25
Huron, Ohio...................................... 8 4 2 806 1 ,0 0 7 3 0 8 3 6 5 4 0 9 498 502
Indiana Harbor, Ind........................ 3 ,8 5 5 4 ,5 5 3 5 ,7 1 6 3 , 0 6 4 2, 225 2 ,3 2 0 2 ,0 2 5 2 ,6 8 9
Kewaunee, Wis................................. 181 2 4 2 2 3 4 183 215 270 294 254
360 441 3 7 7 20 16 14
Lorain, Ohio.................................... 2 ,7 3 1 3 ,5 0 9 5 ,1 1 0 2, 5 7 0 1, 2 4 6 1 ,4 5 1 1 ,6 5 2 858
Ludington, Mich.............................. 685 8 1 8 801 7 0 5 794 1 ,0 3 9 911 779
Manistee, M ich............................... 151 188 191 1 6 8 179 003 548 255
Manitowoc, Wis............................... 831 971 8 4 6 6 5 6 4 5 7 5 0 7 515 520
Marblehead, Ohio............................ 123 460 473 399
Menominee, Mich, and Wis............ 530 646 676 4 3 0 1 3 9 133 136 70
Milwaukee, Wis............................... 4 ,6 1 5 5 ,6 3 1 5 ,2 9 9 4 , 3 4 9 1, 217 1 ,3 1 0 1 ,3 1 2 1 ,4 9 2
Muskegon, Mich.............................. 064 1 ,1 0 7 1 ,1 0 3 1 ,0 1 6 3 9 7 0 7 0 793 483
Ogdeusburg, N. Y............................ 3 6 7 333 . 421 3 8 2 180 212 173 161
Oswego, N, Y.................................. 112 70 7 7 8 1 2 171 2 3 9 380 409
2 2 2 1 ,5 9 8 2 ,1 4 1 2, 427 1,441
Saginaw River, Mich.......................
Sandusky, Ohio..............................
Sault Sle, Marie, Mioh....................
Sturgeon Bay, W is.._____ ______
Toledo, Ohio__________________
All other______________________
1 ,1 2 8
4
5 6 7
3 8 0
.1 9
2 ,5 3 7
2 ,7 1 3
6
l 1 ,6 2 7
6
7 6 7
485
2 7
3 ,0 1 1
3 ,6 7 3
1 4
1 ,9 9 9
11
821
4 8 6
3 5
3 ,1 8 1
3 ,8 9 4
1,4 0 4
4 6 9
346
3 6 5
18
1 ,3 2 9
3 , 0 0 8
2, 030
6 5 7
0 7 7
0 , 6 0 2
3 7
1
7 0
1 6 ,9 8 8
2 ,1 2 0
3 , 7 1 7
7 5 7
6 6 7
9 , 0 7 P
2 0
133
2 1 , 0 6 9
2 , 1 5 9
4 ,6 7 6
7 3 5
471
8 ,0 2 3
18
219
2 2 ,1 1 6
2 ,1 1 6
1 ,2 8 3
410
337
7 ,2 5 2
0
4
363
1 8 ,0 0 9
1 ,0 6 4
i Revised, revision not carried to total
a Includes Chicago Harbor, Chicago River, and Calumet Harbor.
Sourco; War Department, United States Army, Office of Chief of Engineers; Annual Roport, Part II.
N o . 5 1 8 * — F r e i g h t T r a f f i c o n N e w Y o r k S t a t e C a n a l s — T o n n a g e M o v e d :
1837 to 1939
N o t e .—In short tons of 2,000 pounds. Tonnage handled over State terminals b u t not moved through
any portion of the canal channel is not included
YEARLY
AVERAGE
All canals
Erie
division,
freight
originating
YEARLY AVER­
AGE OB YEAR All canals Total
ERIE DIVISION, FREIGHT ORIGINATING
Grain
Sand,
gravel,
stone
Petroleum
1 8 3 7 -1 8 4 0 .
1 8 4 1 -1 8 4 5 .
1 8 4 6 -1 8 5 0 .
1 8 5 1 -1 8 5 5 .
1 8 5 0 -1 8 6 0 .
1 8 0 1 -1 8 0 5 .
1 8 6 6 -1 8 7 0 .
1 8 7 1 -1 8 7 5 .
1 8 7 6 -1 8 8 0 .
1 8 8 1 -1 8 8 5 .
1 8 8 0 -1 8 0 0 .
1891-1895.
1896-1000.
1901-1905.
1906-1910.
1 ,3 3 9 ,0 1 6
1 ,6 1 3 ,3 1 7
2 ,7 8 3 , 410
3 ,9 7 6 , 501
3 ,9 1 1 ,4 0 7
5 ,0 4 9 ,3 4 1
5 ,9 8 7 , 724
5 ,9 7 4 ,0 9 7
5 ,2 1 9 ,8 8 8
5 ,2 1 0 ,3 8 9
5 .2 8 1 ,4 4 1
4 ,1 1 2 ,0 6 1
3 ,5 1 4 ,0 5 1
3 ,3 3 5 ,2 1 0
3 ,2 3 8 ,1 2 9
7 7 1 ,7 4 1
8 8 1 ,5 2 2
1 ,5 5 6 ,6 9 6
% 1 4 1 ,4 7 6
1 ,8 8 9 ,7 5 9
2 ,7 4 3 ,9 2 9
3 ,0 1 8 ,3 5 9
8 ,3 2 0 ,0 7 3
3 ,5 4 2 ,0 2 0
3 ,4 9 5 ,5 9 0
3 ,5 8 9 ,6 3 1
2 ,9 6 2 ,5 2 8
2 ,4 4 0 ,0 6 5
2 ,1 4 4 ,4 9 2
2 ,2 0 0 ,5 9 5
1 9 1 1 -1 9 1 5 . 2 ,4 4 8 ,8 8 7
1 0 1 6 -3 9 2 0 . 1 ,3 4 8 ,3 0 6
1 9 2 1 -1 9 2 5 . 1 ,9 0 5 , 291
1 0 2 6 -1 9 3 0 . 2 ,9 0 4 ,5 7 5
1 0 3 1 -1 9 3 5 . 4 ,0 1 4 ,2 6 9
1 9 3 1 ................................
3 ,7 2 2 ,0 1 2
1 9 3 2 ................................
3 ,6 4 3 ,4 3 3
1 9 3 3 ................................
4 ,0 7 4 ,0 0 2
1 9 3 4 ................................
4 ,1 4 2 ,7 2 8
1 9 3 5 ..............
1 9 3 0 ..............
1 9 3 7 ._____
4 ,4 8 9 ,1 7 2
5 , 0 1 4 ,2 0 6
5 , 0 1 0 ,4 0 4 4 ,1 7 3 ,7 0 0
1 9 3 8 ................................ 4 , 7 0 9 ,4 8 8 ................................
3 ,3 4 9 ,2 5 0
1 9 3 9 ................................
4 ,0 8 9 ,0 3 7
1 ,6 2 6 ,4 5 1
798, 706
1 ,6 4 8 ,4 0 8
2 , 3 9 7 ,0 4 2
3 ,5 1 6 ,5 2 2
3 , 277, 0 3 6
3 , 1 8 6 ,0 9 4
3 , 5 7 4 ,9 5 1
3, 6 4 5 ,1 2 5
3 , 8 9 8 ,5 0 6
4 , 2 2 0 ,3 9 7
3 ,6 4 3 ,7 8 2
630, 453
933,602
923, 230
1,140,471
1,039,098
705.950
883,510
837,520
615,193
276,122
287,728
491,187
333,250
282,649
105,077
202,978
130,074
94,182
35,483
65,000
81,581
224,351
190,400
141,943
101,406
397,828
1,202.495
781,807
880,095
1,230,032
1,613,020
1,597,863
1,933,585
2,057,316
1,784,294
1,826,656
Source: State of New York, Department of Public Works, Division of Canals and Waterways,

IIFTERNAL WAYIEfft WAYS' 4 6 1
No. 5 1 9 .— F r e i g h t a n d P a s s e n g e r T r a f f i c o n S t . M a r y s P a l l s C a n a l
( S a t j l t S t e . M a r i e ) : 1890 t o 1939
Note,—Includes both American and Canadian canals and traffic to and from Canadian as well b s
American ports. Average distances, tcm-railos, freight charges, otc., are based on total haul from port
Of origin to port of destination in process of performance by vessels passing through the cauala
SEASON
Total
f r e i g h t c a r r i e d
(1,000 S H O R T T O N S O F 2 , 0 0 0 P O U N D S )
Eastbound
W estbound
By
American
vessels
1890............................. 9,041 G, 429 2,612 8,670
1895............................ 15, 063 12,030 3,033 14, 497
1000............................. 25, 643 20,532 5, 111 24,896
i m ............................. 44, 271 36,779 7,492 42,001
1910............................. 62, 363 47,134 16, 229 58, 569
1915............................. 71, 290 50, 369 14,921 06, 877
1920............................. 79, 282 63,464 15,818 74,866
1924............................. 72,037 56,840 15,197 65,447
1925............................. 81,875 67,305 14,570 75, 761
1926............................ 85,679 69, 580 15,149 78, 006
1927........................ 83,354 64,303 18, 001 76, 001
1 9 2 8 ..-..................... 80,093 70,166 16,827 78,072
1029........................... 92,022 74,840 17, 782 85,830
1930............................. 72.898 57,067 15,831 G7,5G0
1931............................. 44,014 32,687 11,027 38, 554
1932............................. 20,481 11,822 8,669 14,274
1933............................. 40,308 30, 544 9, 704 33,907
1934....................— . 42,248 30,455 11,793 36, 218
1935........................... 48, 203 37,192 11,101 41, 532
1036.......................... 69,529 54,843 14,686 01,185
1937-....................... 87,634 72,131 15,503 85,817
1938.......................... 40,043 20,053 10,900 37, 775
1039...... .................... 69,850 58,483 11,307 60,045
B y
Canadian
and
other
foreign
vessels
302
506
747
2, 210
3, 794
4, 413
4, 416
6, 500
6, 111
7, 673
7, 264
8, 921
0, 788
5 338
0, 000
fl, 207
o. 340
0, 030
0, 761
8, 344
1, 817
2, 268
9, 805
F R E I G H T C H A R G E S
Amount
( 1 , 0 0 0
dollars)
Average
per ton
per mile
(mills)
Total
tonm
i l e s
(millions)
Valuation
of
freight
(millions
of
dollars)
7 , 2 0 7 0 , 4 7 2 1 . 3 0 102
1 2 , 5 0 3 1 4 , 2 3 9 L 14 160
2 1 , 1 7 9 2 4 , 9 5 3 1 . 1 8 2 6 7
3 6 , 8 9 3 3 1 , 4 2 1 . 8 5 4 1 7
5 2 , 4 0 6 3 8 , 7 1 1 . 74 6 5 4
5 9 , 3 1 7 4 1 , 9 8 4 . 71 882
6 4 , 7 0 2 86, 7 4 2 1 . 3 3 1,120
68, 5 7 9 5 9 , 7 6 9 1. 0 2 1,080
6 5 , 5 7 7 7 1 , 0 0 3 1. 0 8 1 , 1 1 8
6 9 , 3 6 0 7 8 , 5 1 7 1 . 1 3 1 , 0 6 4
6 7 , 3 8 7 6 9 , 3 3 1 1 . 0 3 1 , 1 3 2
7 0 , 2 5 9 8 1 , 2 8 1 1 . 1 6 1 , 1 8 3
7 4 , 8 8 1 8 0 , 2 6 8 1 . 0 7 1,000
5 9 , 0 5 8 6 1 , 1 5 9 1 . 0 4 7 6 1
3 6 , 3 4 2 3 7 , 0 3 0 1.02 6 2 2
1 7 , 0 0 1 1 0 , 0 0 3 . 9 4 3 5 5
3 3 , 1 3 9 3 3 , 8 0 7 1.02 5 3 4
3 4 , 4 1 2 3 5 , 1 5 3 1.02 6 2 0
3 9 , 1 4 1 4 1 , 7 8 3 1 . 0 7 688
5G , 3 2 2 5 8 , 0 0 3 1 . 0 5 8 0 0
7 1 , 1 5 0 7 0 , 1 3 6 1 . 0 7 9 2 0
3 2 , 9 2 2 3 6 , 3 1 4 1.10 582
5 6 , 5 3 9 6 6 , 0 5 4 1 . 1 7 830
1915 1930 1826 (030 m s 19.13 1039
Passengers carried. ___ number.. «0,338 88,481 56, 056 45,303 32,937 41,552 40,501
Freight, eastbound. ..1,000 tons 50,369 63,464 07,305 67,067 87,192 29,053 58,483
Flour................... ..1,000 bids.. 8,437 7,478 9,280 8,632 6,841 6,548 7,487
W heat................ ...1,000 bu ... 255,482 143,450 202,813 243,927 179,603 174,162 250,522
Other grain-....... ...........do___ 64,755 61,630 140,027 55,434 43,107 90,264 86,586
Lumber.............1 000 ft. b. in..
/
Pulpwood______ .1,000 cords..
j>450,451 3102,854 >180,486 * 150,980
40,044 9,520 15,817
\ 114 240 272
Iron ore................ 1,000 tons1.. 45,212 56,643 53,821 46,900 29, 278 20,047 46,783
Ail other.............. 606 176 222 351 630 506 935
Freight, westbound .1,000 tons1 _ 14,921 16,818 14, 670 16,831 n , io r 10,990 11,387
Coal..................... ........... do.1— 13,357 14,156 12,874 14,050 9,162 0,114 9,036
All other,............ ______do.1.. 1,564 1,662 1,606 1,772 1,939 1,876 2,331
i Short tons of 2,000 pounds. 21,000 ft. b. m.
No. 520.— F r e i g h t T r a f f i c o n O h io R i v e r — T o n n a g e , T o n - M i le a g e , a n d
V a l u e : 1926 t o 1938
Note.—No data included for ferry traffic. Tonnage of freight carried on ferries in 1938 was reported as
1,433,000. Pnssengors carried in 1038, other than on ferries, numbered 1,588,500. Leaders indicate no
data available
YEAR
Short tons Ton-miles Value YEAR Short tons
Ton-miles
Value
1920.
1927.
1928.
1929.
1930.
1931.
1932.
1933.
1934.
1935.
1936.
T h o u s a n d s
19,755
20,129
20,038
21,955
22,337
18,071
14,317
10,751
18,036
20,977
24,384
T h o u s a n d s
1,214,491
1,344,087
1,512,585
1,473,027
1,486,445
1,392,229
1, 708,422
1,783,925
2,253,829
2,052,870
1,000
d o lla r s
150,086
108,423
191,519
192,308
188,245
166,987
153,767
190,235
224,444
286,402
270,377
1937—Total..........
UP....................
Down..............
Inbound_____
Outbound___
1988—Total.........
U p - ................
Down..............
Inbound.........
Outbound ....
T h o u s a n d s
23, 357
3,100
5, 207
12,318
2,062
20, 587
3,395
4,358
10,207
2,568
1,000
T h o u s a n d s d o lla r s
2,671,926 276,701
..................... 55,112
................ 64,272
................. 74,909
..................... 82,408
2,578,835 278,394
52,250
62,253
65,262
68,630
Source of tables 519 and 520: War Department, United States Army, Office of Chief of Engineers; Annual
Report, Part II.

4 6 2 WATERWAYS, WATER TllAEEIO, AND, SHIPPING
N o . S 2 1 . — C ommerce on P rincipal R iv er s, Canals, and Connecting
Cha n n els op th e United Sta tes-. 1Q3S to 1938
Not*.—In thousands of short tons of 2,000 pounds. General ferry traffic, car ferry traffic, and cargoes in
transit are not included in this table, except as noted
RIVES
1233 1934 1935 1930 1937 1938
Grand total, rivers, oanals, and connecting
channels__________________________
Grand total, rivers.
Atlantio Coast rivers’___________________
Connecticut River (below Hartford, Conn.).......
Hudson River, N. Y. (mouth of Spuyten Duyvil
Creek to Waterford, N. Y .)...........................
Delaware River, Philadelphia to Trenton, N. J -
Potomac R i v e r ( b e l o w W a s h i n g t o n , D. O .).......
James River, Va____ _______________ ______
Gulf Coast rivers*1 *_____________ _________
Mobile River, Ala., tributaries__________ ____
Black Warrior, Warrior, and Tomhigbee Rivers,
Lake Pontohartrain, La___________ I_I_...........
Mermentau River, Bayou Nezpique, and Bayou
des Cannes, La.......... ........_.............................
Bayou Lafourche, La............................................
Pacific Coast rivers’____________________
San Joaquin River, Calif....................................
Columbia and Lower Willamette Rivers, below
Vancouver, Wash., and Portland, Orcg...........
Columbia Riverfrom Vancouver, Wash., to The
Dalles, Oreg______________ _______ ______
Willamette River, above Portland, and Yambill
River, Oreg_________________________
Snohomish River, Wash........... .............._..........
Mississippi River and tributaries’...............
Mississippi River, Minneapolis, Minn., to the
Passes (mouth of river)3...................................
Blinols Waterway, Jil..................... ......................
Missouri River, Fort Benton, Mont., to mouth.
Allogheny River, Pa..............................................
Monongahela River, Pa. and W. V a................
Kanawha River, W , V a .................... „..................
Ohio River, Pittsburgh to mouth *....................
Tennessee River, Knoxville to Paducah..............
Interior rivers and other waterways...............
Grand total, oanals and connecting ohannels.
Federal canals and connecting channels 1___
Cape Cod Canal, Mass.........................................
Coney Island. Channel, N. Y...............................
Inland waterway from Delaware River to
Chesapeake Bay, Del. and Md........................
Inland waterway from Norfolk, Va„ to Beaufort
Inlet, N. O..........................................................
Intracoastal Waterway, St. Marks River, Fla.,
to Corpus Christ!, Tex......................................
Lake Charles Deep Water Channel, La...............
Sabino-Neehes Canal, Tex................ ...................
Channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus Christl,
Tex.......................................................................
Grays Reef Passage, M i c h ....................................
St. Marys Falls Canal, Mich.’.............................
Detroit River, Mich.L................... ....................
Multnomah Channel, Oreg..................................
Lake Washington Ship Canal, Wash..................
. State and private oanala ’______________ —
New York State Barge Canal system •...............
Navigation Canal, Inner Harbor, La..................
199,558 215,116 218,561 302,511 312,344 905,314
95,618 102,866 125,878 151,761 165,528 147,700
18.391 20,137 23,605 28,811 30,789 30,091
811 983 961 1,074 1,233 1,069
5,784 5,696 8,521 10,467 11,001 11,382
2,707 2,817 2,787 3 ,642 3,090 3,136
2,057 1,938 2,151 2.298 2,450 2,171
1,396 1,873 1,771 2,091 2,242 2,357
5,601 6,001 8,158 12,393 10,165 10,780
m 976 1 1 ,014 1 ,272 1,684 i , m
1,123 1,067 1,131 1 .432 1,826 1,852
626 710 650 863 1,100 1,218
21 141 1,022 840 777 1,116
110 792 893 883 871 915
13,630 13,183 18,052 18,328 21,210 25, 678
966 1,046 1,053 1,244 976 991
*10,783 3 10,498 3 12,0 8 3 3 11,340 3 13,691 14,037
862 782 861 867 662 1,154
891 1,111 2,008 2.205 2,601 1,588
962 1,224 1,160 1,688 1,070 1,215
57,701 03,101 77,757 91,716 92,571 80, 951
18,569 19,107 26,038 27,025 28,308 28,852
’ 339 *479 * 1,695 a 2.171 3 3,691 4,446
1,335 1,080 1,841 1,316 1,076 1,150
2.827 3,028 3,376 3.180 3,437 2,111
U2.7QQ 214,397 *18,068 *24.787 3 26,030 15,328
1,859 1,780 2,206 2,441 3,170 3,333
16,751 18,630 20,077 21,381 23,357 20,587
940 1,196 1,890 2 ,166 1,377 . 1,064
320 354 306 470 483 262
103,910 112, 2S0 122, 683 150, 760 186,816 157, 554
98,053 105,701 116, 714 113,954 179,135 150,511
2,805 2,792 2,627 2,801 3,539 3,521
924 1,233 1,125 1,787 1,278 1,457
1,191 1,039 1, 001 1, 300 1,437 2,234
531 681 683 612 823 957
09 («)

MERCHANT MARINE 4 6 3
N o . 5 2 2 .— U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n t M a r in e — S u m m a r y : 1789 to 1939
N ote.—F or definition of “ gross ton” see genera] note, p. 488. All data after 1840 are as of June 80
1789*...
1800*...
1810*...
1820*
1830*
1840*...
1850-..
1860—
1870—
1880— .
1900..
1910..
1915..
1920..
1925..
1929..
1930-
1931-
1932..
1933..
1934-
1935-
1930-
1937-
1938..
1039..
Total
28,998
24,712
23,467
23,333
25,740
20,701
28,183
26,367
25,326
25,214
26,471
25,156
24,868
24,904
24,919
25,392
26,588
27,155
27,470
Steam
and
motor
3,524
4,717
5,905
7,053
12,452
15,948
18,814
18,637
18,319
18,211
18,236
18,224
18,182
18,335
18,406
18,706
19,201
19,349
10,600
All
other*
25,474
19,095
17,502
16,280
13,288
10,753
9,369
7,730
7,007
7,003
7,235
6,932
6,680
6,669
0,424
6,086
7,387
7,800
7,864
THOUSANDS OF GROSS
TONS
Total
202
972
1,425
1,280
1,192
2,181
3.535
5,354
4,247
4,068
4,424
6.165
7,608
8,389
16,324
17.406
10,477
10,068
16,908
15,839
16,060
14,862
14,654
14.407
14,676
14,651
14,632
Steam
and
motor
64
202
520
868
1,075
1,212
1,859
2,058
4,900
5,944
13,823
14,970
14,162
13,767
13,528
13,568
12,802
12,687
12,535
12,207
12,170
12,007
11,952
All
other1
202
972
1,426
1,280
1,127
1,978
3,010
4,486
3,171
2,856
2,565
2.607
2.608
2,446
2,501
2,430
2,315
2,311
2,380
2,271
2,198
2,175
2,118
2,230
2,506
2,644
2,680
TONNAGE (THOUSANDS OF GROSS
TONS) EMPLOYED IN—
Foreign
trade
124
607
981
584
538
763
1,440
2,379
1,449
1,314
928
817
783
1,803
9,925
8,151
6,906
6,296
5,576
5,071
4,701
4,598
4,560
4,159
3,834
3,551
3,312
Coastwise
and
internal
trade
272
405
588
517
1,177
1,798
2,646
2.638
2.638
3,409
4,287
6,669
6,486
6,358
9,216
9,626
9,723
10,286
10,728
10,313
10,220
10,049
10,300
10,800
11,064
11,288
Whale
fisheries
Cod
fisheries
9
3 29
4 35
30 72
40 98
137 104
146 152
107 163
68 01
38 78
19 68
10 62
0 47
32
38
35
30
42
'40
38
37
35
35
28
23
16
11
NUMBER
THOUSANDS OF GROSS TONS
1020 1030 1037 1938 1939 1920 1930 1937 1938 1939
Byutilization:
Registered-
Foreign trade__
Whale fisheries..
Enrolled—
Coastwise and internal
trade__
Cod fisheries____
Licensed-
Coastwise and internal
trade__
Cod fisheries___
Bylocation;
Atlantic and Gulf *,
Pacific®................. .
Northern lakes___
Western rivers___
By power:
Sail.........................
Steam....................
Motor....................
Canal boats______
By material:
W ood..___
M etal.........
5,932 4,175 1, 870 1,676 1,499 6,625 0,296 3,334 3,551 3,312
26 14 14 13 14 4 7 20 21 21
12,181 12,497 14, 250 14,807 14,896 0, 233 9,608 10, 055 10,009 11,128
106 201 142 80 89 32 36 20 14 10
9,488 8,004 10 197 10,687 10,939 124, 115 145 155 160
386 203 115 84 53 6 0 3 2 1
16,860 14,321 15, 978 10,021 16,816 0,739 9,904 10,145 10,183 10,197
6,512 0,466 6, 089 6,688 0,868 3,320 3,227 2,688 2,483 2,471
3,091 2,460 2, 159 2.148 2,108 3,139 2,768 1,713 1,739 1,712
1,730 1,977 1 702 1,098 1,678 120 178 230 246 252
4,030 1,584 769 607 629 1,272 757 312 261 221
8,103 0,087 4 748 4,622 4,299 13,406 12,775 11,055 10,835 10.760
10,711 12,124 14, 453 14,827 15,307 367j 082 1,115 1,172 1,192
448 226 82 78 49 62 29 12 11 8
4,801 5,193 6, 530 7,031 7,186 1,177 1,625 2,182 2,372 2,451
23,781 20,211 21 309 21,801 21,943 8,876 2,554 2,443 2,521 2,473
4,402 8,003 5 219 6,364 5, 527 12,448 13,614 12,233 12,130 12,159
1 Sailing vessels, canal boats, and bargos. * Dec. 31.
* The decrease of tonnage arises principally from the registered tonnage having been corrected in 1818,
1820, and 1830 by striking off all vessels the registers of which were granted prior to 1815, which were supposed
by the collectors to have been lost at sea, captured, etc.
1 Sept. 80.
5 Including Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands.
* Including Hawaii and Alaska.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation; Merchant Marine
Statistics.

4 6 4 WATERWAYS, WATER TRAFFIC, AND SHIPPING
No. S23.—U. S. M e r c h a n t M a r in e — N u m b e r a n d G r o s s T o n n a g e o f V e s­
s e l s o n J u n e 30, 1939, b y Y e a r o p B u il d
y e a r o f b u il d N u m b e r G ro ss to n s TEAR OF BUILD N u m b e r G ro s s to n s
D e c . 31; D eo . 31:
1 069 212,458 1807. ..................... 128 56,482
1 8 4 8 ................................... 1 90 1898....................................... 181 80,017
1849...................................... 1 21 1899....................................... 225 92,071
1861...................................... 1 14 1900.. ................... 272 120,393
1852...................................... 2 23 1901................ ............. .. 360 135,497
1853...................................... 2 61 1902 .............. . . . 325 184,912
1855...................................... 1 51 1003....................................... 360 205,521
1866...................................... 1 72 1904................................— 331 137,607
1857...................................... 4 1,121 1905.............................. ........ 385 260,654
1858...................................... 1 154 1906....................................... 423 349,362
1850...................................... 1 24 1907.............................. ........ 483 387,306
1862...................................... 2 194 1908 ....................... - 440 265,841
1863...................................... 4 2,014 1009.. ................... 420 214,170
1864 .............................__ 5 1,049 1 9 1 0 .................................. 480 262,360
1865...................................... 7 453 1911................ ...................... 541 179,785
1866 .................................... 11 1,312 1912.................................. - 660 207,364
1867 .................................. 10 ‘472 1913............................... 688 320,070
1868...................................... 12 1,960 1914 ............................- 613 202,121
1869...................................... 12 '567 1915....................................... 636 151,158
1870 ............................. 11 4,338 1 9 1 6 ..................................... 588 368,116
1871..................................... 26 2,209 1917................................ .. 801 549,802
1872...................................... 14 920 1918.................................. — 835 970,418
1873................................. .. 24 2,345 1919....................................... 1,077 1,933,609
1874...................................... 17 2,305 1920...................................... 980 1,832,382
1875...................................... 18 3,360 1921..................................... 501 1,252,713
1876 . 20 854 1922 ................. 472 202,044
1877..... .. ......................... 17 5,718 1923 ................... .......... 583 218,301
1878...................................... 32 7,841 1924 .............................. 724 205,307
1870...................................... 23 8,839 1925 ....................... .. 765 168,669
1 8 8 0 ... ......................... 24 0,885 1926 .................................... 821 195,861
1881...................................... 65 9,995 1927 .............................. 917 297,958
1882 . 69 6,425 1928 .............................. 899 234,249
1883.. ......................... 78 0,070 1929 ..................... ........ 898 191,808
1884...................................... 78 10,206 1930....................................... 864 275,450
1885. . - 58 10,008 1931 .............................. 672 102,764
3886 ............................. 75 6,501 1932 .............................. 402 176,703
1887...................................... 59 10; 616 1933 .............................. 348 75,473
1888...................................... 82 1 S', 170 1034.. - ....................... 409 48,360
1889 ............................. 71 15j 546 1035 .............................. 572 62,162
3890...................................... 88 24,384 1936....................................... 763 139,433
1891...................................... 123 31,733 1037....................................... 826 230,696
1892...................................... 118 30,827 1038.................................. .. 753 237,374
1893...................................... 127 37,704 1039 (first h a lf ) ............. 354 146,070
15,317
1895..................................... 86 26,387
1808..................................... 121 72,668
27,470 14, 031, 992
N o . 5 2 4 .— TJ. S. M e r c h a n t M a r in e — N u m b e r a n d G r o ss T o n n a g e o p Ve s­
s e l s o n J u n e 30, 1939, by T o n n a g e G r o u p in g s
TOTAL
STEAM VES­
SELS
MOTOR VES­
SELS
SAILING VES­
SELS
UNRIGGED
VESSELS
TONNAGE GROUPINGS
Number
Thousands
of
gross
tons
Number
Thousands
of
gross
tons
Number
Thousands
of
gross
tons
Number
Thousands
of
gross
ton^
N um ­
ber
Thousands
of
gross
tons
Total..................... 27,470 14, 032 4,299 10,760 15,307 1,192 629 ' 221 7,235 2,459
E to 49 tons....................
50 to 09 tons...............
100 to 499 tons................
600 to 090 tons................
1.000 to 2,409 tons..........
2,500 to 4,009 tons..........
5.000 to 9,099 tons..........
20,000 tons and over___
14,746
2,193
0,710
1,429
849
003
1,070
57
8
261
158
1,853
041
1,080
2,808
7,149
705
177
314
539
1,218
277
319
558
1,016
10
42
289
193
562
2,149
518
6,699
639
177
13,006
1,289
772
82
83
11
58
6
220 393
90 60
149 42
54 55
138 68
47 11
434
00
6 1, 032
4 305
11 4,078
42 1,015
116 179
42 23
3
21!
22
1,404
052
289
70
17
Source of tables 523 and 524; Department of Commerce, Bureau of Marine Inspeotlon and Navigation;
Merchant Marine Statistics.

m e r c h a n t m a r in e 465
N o. 5 2 5 . — M e b c h a n t V e s s e l s L a u n c h e d in t h e W o u ld a n d i n t h e U n it e d
St a t e s : 1910 to 1939 .
Note.—Vessels of 100 gross tons and over. For definition of “gross ton" see general note, p. 458. Vessels
under construction m the world (excluding Russia) June 30,1930, numbered 719, of 2,859,292 gross tons;
in the United States, 67, of 391,824 gross tons
CALENDAR YEAR
Total
WORLD
Steam and motor
UNITED STATES
Number Gross tons Number Gross tons Number Gross tons
1910-1914, averago............................... 1, 533 2, 739,070 1,180 2,631,779 162 252,804
1915-1920, average 1..................... . 1,488 4,048, 860 1,290 3 ,918, m 618 1,877,382
1921-1025, average............................. 042 ’ 2,581,053 830 2.531,592 99 315,114
1020-1030, average....................... ........ 873 2,468,515 808 2,427,929 74 158,788
1931-1935, average.— ................... _ 484 1,020,444 461 1,010,567 25 83,485
1028........................................................................ 600 1, 674,077 525 1,630,134 78 150,013
1027......................................................................... 802 2,285,679 734 2,239, 522 66 170,218
1028......................................................................... 809 2,699,239 809 2,600, 321 63 91,357
1020....................................................................... 1,812 2,793,210 981 2,774,191 C3 126,003
1030.................................................................... 1,084 2,889,472 991 2,836,476 100 246,687
1931......................................................................... 596 1,617,115 569 1,603,551 57 205,805
1932........................................................ 307 726,591 295 724,287 18 143,559
1933........................................................ 330 480,016 311 479,559 14 10,771
1034........................................................ 536 967,419 514 954,777 21 24,625
1035....................................................... 040 1,302,080 017 1,290,660 14 32,007
1033........................................................ 099 2,117,924 946 2,080,222 69 111, 885
1937....................-................................. 1,101 2,690,580 1,011 2,642,748 123 239,445
1038...................................................... 1,119 3, Q33| 593 L 029 2, 075,942 105 201,251
1930 (first B months)3.......................... 490 1,239, 157 402 1,1ST, 781 98 266,598
i Figures covering the war period are for allied and neutral countries.
* Latest figures available; none will be compiled until after the war period.
Source: Lloyd’s, London; Lloyd’s Register of Shipping, Annual Summary of Mercantile Shipbuilding
of the "World; 1939 and figures in headnote from Lloyd’s Register Shipbuilding Returns.
No. 5 2 6 .— M e r c h a n t M a r i n e o f t h e W o r l d a n d o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s
N o t e .— Vossels of 100 tons and over. Prior to 1919 tonnage figures are gross for steamers and net for sailing
vessels, thereafter gross for both. Wooden vessels on the Great Lakes and vessels on the Caspian
Sea are not included. Japanese sailing vessels and most sailing vessels belonging to Greece, Turkey,
and southern Russia are not included. Figures for Philippine Islands are included with United States
beginning with 1010. See general note, p. 458
1895.
1900.
1005.
1010.
1915.
World
total
United
States
YEAR
World
total
1,000 1,000 1,000
tons ions tans
25,086 2,165 1920..................... 67,3U
28, 057 2, 750 1925..................... 04,042
35,998 3,996 1930..................... 69,608
41,916 5,05 9 1933..................... 67,920
49,202 5,893 1934..................... 65,577
NUMBER
United
States
YEAR
World
total
United
States
1,000 1,000 1,000
tons tons tons
10,040 1935.................... 64,886 12,852
15,377 1936..................... 05,064 12,557
14,048 1937..................... 66,286 12,429
13,358 1938..................... 67, 847 12,050
13,045 1939.................... 69,440 12,003
THOUSANDS OF TONS (SEE HEADNOTE)
1910 m o 1930 1038 1039 1010 1914 1920 1930 1938 1939
World total____ - 30,058 31, 596 32, 713 30, 980 Si, 186 41,915 40,000 57,314 69, 608 67,847 69,440
22,008 26,513 29,996 29 409 29,763 37,291 45,404 63,905 68,024 66,870 68,509
Steel and iron______ 20,103 23,382 27, 595 27, 212 27,507 30,769 44,934 51,001 67,304 66,371 68, 007
Wood and composite. 1,605 3,131 2,401 2, 107 2,256 521 470 2,244 720 499 6US
8,050 6,082 2,717 1 581 1,423 4.624 3,686 3,409 1,584 976 930
2,115 1,314 742 704 743 2,508 2,095 1,624 654 584 572
Wood and composite. 5,935 3,768 1,975 787 680 2,116 1,590 1,885 930 393 358
United States___ 3,469 6,457 4,223 3 391 8,375 6,069 6,368 16,049 14,040 12,050 12,003
1,712 4, no 3, 517 2 955 2,958 8,827 4,330 14,574 13,202 11,515 11, 490
1,270 3,242 3,001 2 678 2,560 3,002 4,120 13,341 12,914 11,369 11,342
Wood and composite. 442 808 616 377 398 226 210 1,234 288 146 148
1, 757 1,347 706 436 417 I 232 1,038 1,475 844 535 513
m 154 147 190 187 246 236 304 288 278 272
Wood and composite. 1,618 1,193 669 246 230 987 803 1,171 556 256 241
Source: Lloyd’s, London, Lloyd's Register of Shipping, Volume II.

4 6 6 WATERWAYS, WATER TRAFFIC, AMD SHIPPING-
N o . 5 2 7 .— C o m m e rc ia l T r a f f i c T h r o u g h t h e P a n a m a C a n a l , T o t a l , 1915
t o 1939, a n d b y N a t i o n a l i t y o f V e s s e l , 1939
N o te .—See genera] note. p. 458. Figures cover ocean-going commercial traffic which includes only tolls
paying vessels of 300 net tons and over, Panama Oanalmeasurement, and vessels paying tolls on displacement
tons of 500 displacement tons and over. Foreign naval vessels such as colliers, transports, supply
ships, etc., with a measurement of 300 net tons or more and foreign naval vessels such as battleships,
cruisers, destroyers, submarines, etc., with a displacement of 500 tons or more, are classified as ocean-going
commercial vessels
YEAR ENDED
JUNE 30
Number
of
transits
Net
tonnage
(thousands)
i
Tolls
(thousands
of
dollars)
NATIONALITY
OF VESSELS
Tons of
cargo
(thousands)
Number
of
transits
Net
tonnago
(thousands)
'
Tolls
(thousands
of
dollars)
Tons of
cargo
(thousands
1915*................ 1,058 3,607 4,367 4,888
10103................. 724 2,212 2,403 3,093
1917................... 1,738 6,357 5,621 7,055
1018................... 1,080 6,072 6,429 7,526
1019....... .......... 1,948 5,658 6,104 6,910
1920................... 2,303 7,898 8,508 9,372
1021................... 2,701 10,550 11,269 11,596
1022................. 2,065 10,556 11,192 10,883
1023 ..... 3,008 17,206 17,504 19,566
1024 .................... 5,158 -.......................................
24,181 24,285 26,093
1925................... 4,592 21,134
1026................... 5,087 22,900
1027 .................... 5,203 .................... 24,245
1028 ..... 0,253 27,220
1029 .... 6,280 27,585
1930................... 6,027 27, 710
1031................... 5,370 25,090
1932.................. 4,302 21,842
1033................... 4,102 21,094
1934................... 5,234 20,410
1935...-............ 5,180 25, 720
1030 ..... 5,382 25, 023
1037 ..... 5,387 25,430
1038 --------------- 5,524 --------------- 25,950
1030.................
5,003
27,170
21,304
22,920
24,212
26,922
27,111
27,060
24,625
20,696
19,601
24,047
23,307
23,479
23,102
23,170
23,661
23,957
26,030
27,734
29,616
30,648
30,018
25,065
19,799
18,161
24,704
26,310
26, 506
28,108
27,386
27,807
Total.... 104,417 469,241 463,047 498,791
Year ended June
30, 1939:
Belgian...........
British............
Chilean...........
Danish............
French............
German..........
Greek..............
Honduran___
Italian.............
Japanese.........
Latvian...........
N etherlands.
Norwegian___
Panamanian..
Peruvian........
Philippine___
Soviet..............
Swedish_____
United States.
Venezuelan. __
Yugoslavian..
1
1,502
26
200
107
361
117
37
59
261
1
312
704
193
658
6
7,670
106
758
531
1,456
564
00
325
1,518
3
805
3,199
350
12
24
18
720
8,800
3
56 244
157
1,788 2
5
6,610
95
064
473
1,299
469
51
299
1,355
2
702
2, 709
299
' 11
22
17
613
7,758
3
202
12
0,802
63
728
502
1,409
000
23
179
1,710
5
075
3,408
372
8
37
20
1,008
9,909
2
267
1 Panama Oanal not tonnage prior to 1039 are estimated figures based on revised measurement rules which
became effective Mar. 1,1038.
i Canal opened to traffic Aug. 15,1914.
* Canal closed to traffic approximately 7 months of fiscal year by slides.
N o . 5 2 8 .— C o m m e rc ia l T r a f f i c T h r o u g h t h e P a n a m a C a n a l — S u m m a ry ,
F i s c a l Y e a r s E n d e d J u n e 3 0 : 1933 t o 1939
Nora.—See general note, p. 488
1933 1934 1935 1930 1937 1938 1039
Number of transits.......................................... 4,162 5,234 5,180 0,382 0,387 5, 524 5,003
Measurement tonnage registered:
Gross (thousands).................................... 27,153 34,348 33,013 33.130 32. 575 32,018 34,583
Net (thousands)...................................... 16,510 20.524 19,609 19,644 19,303 19,622 20,745
Panama Oanal, net (thousands)1............ 21,094 26,410 20,720 20,023 20,430 28,000 27,170
United States equivalent (thousands)... 16,351 20,333 19,429 19,481 19,237 m p)
Tons of cargo, total (thousands).................... 18.101 24,704 25,310 26,500 28,108 27,380 27,807
Atlantic to Pacific.................................... 4,607 6,103 7,530 8,250 9,896 9,089 9,011
Pacific to Atlantic.................................... 13,054 18,041 17,780 18,256 18,213 17,807 18,856
i As estimated or measured under rules which became effective Mar. 1,1038.
1 Not available. Application of United States rules of measurement of vessels abolished.
Source of tables 527 and 528: The Panama Oanal, Annual Report of the Governor.

PANAMA. CANAL— DISASTERS TO' VESSELS 467
N o . 5 2 9 .— P a n a m a C a n a l— R e v e n u e s , E x p e n s e s , a n d C o m p u t e d Su r p l u s :
1914 to 1939
[In thousands of dollars]
TEAK ENDED
JUNE 30
Tolls
Civil
revenues1 Business
profits1
Total
revenue
Net appropriation
expenses
5
Net
revenues
Capital
interest,
3 percent.
*
Computed
surplus
1014 to 1025, total___ 118,031 2,397 4,232 126, 600 80,636 45,023 75,382 ‘ SO, 359
1920. 22, g27 218 841 23,086 8,643 15,443 15,080 357
1(127. 24,217 392 877 25,485 9,648 15,938 16,069 869
1928. 26,944 233 737 27,913 9,501 18,412 15,036 3,377
\m 27,124 243 738 28,106 10,187 17,918 15,013 2,004
1980 27,077 349 761 28,187 0,804 18,293 14,988 3,306
urn 24, 045 346 663 25,553 10,693 14,860 14,937
1932 20,707 327 557 21,691 10,239 11,352 14,944

4 6 8 WATERWAYS, WATER TRAFFIC, AND SHIPPING
No. 531.—Merchant Vessels Under the Control o p the U. S. Maritime
Commission: As op D ec. 31, 1939
N o t e .— F o r d e f i n i t i o n o f d e a d w e i g h t t o n s s e e g e n e r a l n o t e , p . 4 6 8
TOTAL ACTIVE LAID-UP
TYPE
Number
of vessels
Deadweight
tons
Number
of vessels
Deadweight
tons
Number
of vessels
Deadweight
tons
Totalfieet_____________________ •1 8 4 1 1 ,4 9 5 ,3 6 0 43 3 9 9 ,6 2 4 121 1 ,0 9 6 ,8 2 6
Cargo and passenger..................... 11 1 42,019 3 6 4 ,1 8 0 8 8 7 ,8 3 9
Cargo........................................... 163 1,3 5 3 ,3 3 1 40 3 4 5 ,3 4 4 113 1 ,0 0 7 ,9 8 7
Documented vessels............. ......... 140 1 ,2 7 9 ,3 9 8 43 3 9 9 ,6 2 4 97 8 7 9 ,8 7 4
Cargo and passenger.................... 10 133,319 3 5 4 ,1 8 0 7 7 9 ,1 3 9
Cargo..................................... . . . . 130 1 ,1 4 6 ,0 7 9 * 4 0 * 3 4 5 ,3 4 4 90 8 0 0 ,7 3 5
24 215,952 24 2 1 5 ,9 5 2
i A 700 1 8 )7 0 0
23 207,2 5 2 23 2 0 7 ,2 5 2
1 Not Including figures for 5 tugs under control of the Maritime Commission.
■Includes 1 vessel of 9,748 deadweight tons loaned to tho War Department and 1 vossel of 4,000 deadweight
tons used as a training ship.
Source: TJ. S. Maritime Commission, records (not published elsewhere).
No. 532.—F oreign and Intbrcoastal Commerce— Cargo T onnage
N ote.—I n thousands of cargo tons of 2,240 pounds. Coastwise trade other than from Atlantic and Gulf
to Pacific and vice vorsa is not included
TOTAL UNITED STATES
POETS 1 ATLANTIC COAST POETS GULF COAST POETS
1936 1937 1938 1936 1937 1938 1936 1937 1933
Total commerce_____ ___
Inbound.......................
Outbound.....................
W ith foreign countries1__
Imports........................
Exports.........................
Inbound.......................
Outbound.....................
W ith noncontiguous territories
4............................
Imports.........................
Exports.........................
>89,998
47,003
48,814
78,110
38,396
39,714
6.719
6.719
5,169
2,788
2,381
>109,158
51,932
64,130
96,621
42,003
54,658
6,004
6,904
5,633
2,065
2,668
>99,866
41,204
63,910
88,430
32,818
55,612
5,848
5,84$
5,078
2,628
2,450
48,867
31,806
12,051
36,350
26,679
9,680
5,711
3,016
1,705
1,787
1,211
576
51,648
36,204
16,444
43,864
30,076
13.788
5,832
3,806
2,026
1,952
1,322
630
41,646
28,144
13,502
34,971
23,545
11,426
5,024
3,476
1,548
1,651
1,123
528
17,711
4,621
13,090
16,149
3,962
12,187
1,008
453
555
554
206
348
24,296
5,848
18,448
22,596
5,242
17,354
1,072
385
687
628
221
407
27,128
4,380
22,740
25,640
3,338
21,811
824
319
505
653
223
430
Pacific coast ports
Great Lakes ports
Ports in all territories
and possessions *
Totalcommeroe_________
Inbound.......................
Outbound.....................
W ith foreign countries *__
Imports........................
Exports.........................
With noncontiguous torri*
21,908
6,697
15,211
12,361
2,976
9,385
6,719
2,350
4,369
2,828
1,371
1,457
26,219
7,213
18,006
15,262
3,078
12,184
6,904
2,713
4,191
3,053
1,422
1,631
22,599
5,565
17,034
13,977
2,230
11,747
5,848
2,053
3,795
2,774
1,282
1,492
13,241
4,779
8,462
13,241
4,779
8,462
14,899
3,607
11,232
14,899.
3,667
11,232
IS, 838
3,205
10,628
13,833
3,206
10,628
« 8,497
84,710
«3,787
•608
6 442
*166
7,889
4,268
3,621
« 9,808
*8,126
* 4,182 8
« 623
a498
8 125
8,685
4,628
4,057
8
(0
5,077
2,628
2,449
i Continental United States.
* Duplication in intercoastal trade is eliminated.
1 In showing trade of continental United States ports, Philippine Islands, Virgin Inlands, and Canal
Zone are included with foreign countries.

WATER-BORNE FOREIGN COMMERCE 469
No. 533.—-Water-B orne Imports and Exports— Cargo T onnage
N o t e .— I n t h o u s a n d s o f o a r g o t o n s o f 2 ,2 4 0 p o u n d s .
T h i s t a b l e a n d t a b l e s 5 3 4 , 5 3 5 , a n d 5 3 0 d o n o t i n c l u d e
c a r g o e s ( s m a l l i n a g g r e g a t e ) c a r r i e d b y s h i p s o f l e s s t h a n 1Q 0 t o n s g r o s s c a p a c i t y
Total
IMPORTS IN VESSELS OP—
XJ.S,
Government
Independent
American
British
Othor
Total
EXPORTS IN VESSELS OF—
u. s.
Government
Independent
American
Britlah
Other
Total;
1921........................... 33,186 4,835 18,620 9,730 48,640 7,329 11,228 30,083
1920...................... 44.686 2,888 18,217 10,702 12,870 08,140 6,691 11,531 28,209 22,749
1927............................ 42,183 2.195 10,263 9,328 11,397 56,935 6,185 12,610 20,728 17,612
1928______________ 47.395 2,003 22,124 10,591 12,617 58.829 5,071 14,217 21,147 18,394
1929............................ 50,985 1,824 23,408 12,173 13, 580 57, 475 4,618 13, 303 20, 624 18, 930
1930............................ 47,562 1,429 23,394 10,461 12,289 49,731 3,236 11,678 17,210 17,607
1931...................... 35,804 1,086 10,028 7,288 11,402 40,049 2,605 8,463 13,518 15,403
1932............................ 28,710 633 12,691 5,940 9,446 31,848 1,698 6,449 10,712 12,985
1933............................ 26,667 632 10,386 0,438 9,111 32,386 749 7,806 10,107 13,924
1934...................... 29,814 470 12,291 7,076 9,971 37,821 541 8.895 13,164 16,222
1935______________ 33,966 554 13,672 8,122 11,719 38,146 522 8,218 12,635 16,771
1936______________ 38,396 542 12,655 10,494 14,708 39,714 411 8,205 13,057 18,041
1937............................ 42,003 682 42,781 11,134 17,506 54,558 583 10,300 10,178 24,407
1938............................ 32,818 422 11,655 7,047 13,694 65,612 414 0,945 18, 603 20,750
Percent distribution:
1921............................ m o 15 56 2) 100.0 15 23 62
1937................... ........ 100.0 1 30 26 42 100.0 1 10 35 45
1938-_................... 100.0 1 36 21 42 100.0 1 18 33 48
1921............................ 12,357 5,4*37 0, 20 •34,855 11.602 23,353
1025............................ 24,903 2,077 4,997 7,314 10,515 32,556 5,467 3,834 10,494 12,761
1930............................ 25,401 1,528 6,305 7,638 9,930 25,997 3,129 4,939 7,279 10,659
1933............................ 16,507 632 4,163 3,982 7,740 16,023 749 4,709 3,497 7,068
1934............................ 18,081 470 4,971 4,404 8,230 18,041 540 6,356 3,937 8,208
1935............................ 21,323 554 5,235 5,217 10,317 18,460 522 5,360 3,817 8,701
1936............................ 23,932 542 0,160 5,434 11,808 17,875 411 4,901 3, 560 9,003
1937............................ 28,021 582 7,583 0,777 13,079 24,775 583 0,704 5. 732 11,696
1938........................... 20,624 422 5,719 4,272 10,211 23,447 414 5,082 5,691 12,360
Percent distribution:
1921............................ 100.0 44 66 100.0 33 67
1937............................ 100.0 2 27 24 47 100.0 2 27 23 47
1938............................ 100.0 2 28 21. 50 100.0 2 22 24 53
1921____ _________ 17,362 2,662 12,443 2 / 67 5,980 725 1,607 3,688
1925.....__________ 12,783 208 9.233 1,522 1,815 10,368 167 3,600 3,009 2,712
loan 15,907 11,788 1,918 2,201 14,369 3,245 4,060 7,064
1933............................ 7,084 5’, 078 1,245 1,361 10,536 1,530 2,152 0,854
1 0 3 4 8,457 5,631 1,087 1,739 11,768 1,581 3,107 7,010
1 0 3 5 9,035 Q, 837 862 1,336 12,057 1,189 2,883 7,085
193/1 M86 5,674 1,160 2^ 852 13j 376 1, 605 2,768 9.003
1937 ...................... 10', 375 4', 747 1,‘207 4,421 18,551 1,722 4,080 12,743
1938 .......................... 8,989 4,818 702 3,409 21,537 2,901 4,225 14,321
Percont distribution;
1921............................ 100.0 16 72 13 100.0 12 28 n
1937............................ 100.0 46 12 43 100.0 0 22 69
1938...................... 100.0 54 8 38 100.0 14 20 66
North Atlantic ports:
1935............................ 21,875 529 8,023 4,407 8,317 8,448 438 2,164 1,906 3,941
1930............................ 25,419 522 8,722 5,085 11,080 8,709 349 2,187 1,865 4,308
1937........................ 28, 448 559 8,800 6,221 12,802 12,612 535 3,149 3,023 5,906
1938............................ 22,128 412 8,147 3,886 9,684 10,552 374 2,435 2,298 6,446
South Atlantio ports:
1935..............- .......... 1,051 23 385 92 550 891 47 207 226 411
1930.............. —.......... 1,260 16 405 138 701 970 46 253 207 464
1037........................... 1, 628 18 471 158 981 1,170 48 204 364 470
1038............................ 1,417 10 467 128 812 874 40 268 173 393
Gulf ports:
1935............................ 4,168 2 2,110 319 1,737 11,413 38 2,264 1,943 7,160
1936............................ 3, 902 4 1, 902 358 1,698 12,187 16 2,163 2,084 7,924
1037............................ 5,242 5 2,220 504 2,423 17,354 3,101 3,675 10.618
1 9 3 8 3,838 1,487 217 2,134 21,812 3,389 4,902 13,621
1 0 3 6 2,977 795 1,012 1,170 9j 385 1,903 2,172 6,310
Pacific ports:
i m . . . 2,70fl 920 835 1,041 0,639 1,914 2,521 5,204
1 0 3 7 3,078 773 1,011 1,294 12,184 1,882 2,756 7,546
1 0 3 8 2,230 436 804 990 11,746 1,981 2,443 7,322
Great Lakes ports:
1 0 3 6 4,076 1,534 2.469 73 7,754 1,669 6,039 40
1 0 3 6 . 4^779 831 3,900 48 8,463 1,699 6,729 35
1937............................ 3,687 451 3| 150 66 Hi 232 1,814 9,360 5$
1938............................ 3,205 1,118 2,013 74 10,628 1,872 8,687 09
i Not including Great Lakes cargoes, which are principally dry.
Source: Prior to 1936, Dept, of Commerce, U. S. Shipping Board Bureau; thereafter, U. S. Maritime
Commission; Report No. 275 (Annual), Water-Borne Foreign Commerce of the U. S., except for 1938 figures
which are not published elsewhere.

4 7 0 WATERWAYS, WATER TRAEiTC, AND SH lM TNft
No. 534.— W a t e r - B o r n e I m p o r t s a n d E x p o r t s — C a r g o T o n n a g e , B y T r a d e
R e g io n s a n d C o u n t r i e s : 1936, 1937, a n d 1938
Note,—In cargo tons of 2.240 pounds. See hendnote, table 633. Note that a country may be accounted
for In part under one trade region and in part under another. Regional totals include data for minor
countries not shown
FOREIGN ORIGIN OR DESTINATION
IMPORTS
EXP ORTS
1030 1937 1938 1936 1937 1038
Grand total_____ ____ _____ 38, SOU, 748 42,062,821 32, 818,162 39,714,046 54, 587, 725 56,012,107
United Kingdom ino. Irish Free State. 948,049 963,799 713,309 3, 833, 071 6,815,216 8,782, 555
England—................................. - 731,444 766,031 524,753 3. 204,857 4,690, 706 5, 027, 701
Ireland Ino. Irish Free State___ 14,383 10,710 7,098 135,233 291,423 422, 037
Scotland..................................... 128,298 134,220 00,572 452,009 519,475 566,424
Wales....... ................................... 76,924 52,838 90,286 40,372 307,622 146,333
North Atlantic and Baltic Europe___ 2,143,660 2,154,140 i, 644.860 1,323,040 2,032,068 2,580,274
6,602 1,384 2,401 197
9,100 111 713 11,708 300 2
U. S. S. R. (Soviet Union)......... 123,980 82,305 23,880 01,724 79.507 110,792
Finland........................................ 310,501 320,710 .316,857 73,497 103,070 107,150
Norway..................................... 479,199 560,274 422,533 179,114 262, 604 306,183
Sweden..................................... 074,420 996,608 688,824 487,790 744, 022 1,028,454
Denmark.. ...______________ 67,302 52,863 46,817 273,094 330,653 598,157
Danzig______________ . ___ _ 30,054 24,200 36,343 21,307 28,720 19,732
Poland____________________ 94,807 80,857 73,548 119,037 410,118 207,674
1,661 1,490 90,577 28,196 113,3G2
Estonia........ ............... ................ • £732 7,787 18,595 8,607 8,125 i 459
32,165 760 1,717 15,843 18,087
Lithuania................................... 8,879 15,449 1,114 10 3,150 25
H&vre-Hamburg range.—. , ________ 2,671,487 3,127,279 U, 912,254 5.334,573 7,536,880 >10,003,635
Germany__ _______________ 001,615 1,249,960 664,568 1,767,818 2j 017,157 2,595,214
Netherlands.............. .... „ ......... 560,863 721,321 408,414 1,271,798 2,145,660 2,840,025
Belgium______ ____________ 980,628 1,009,625 710,511 1,221,364 1,751,013 1,708,509
France....................... .................. 122,481 146,373 128,761 1,073,693 1,622,550 2,799,277
South Atlantic Europe........................ 640,46S 661,410 390,535 828,753 961,454 522,673
France......................................... 13,888 15,340 w 508,008 555, m 0
Portugal...................................... 148,241 108,507 41,985 105.358 114,622 147,094
Spain............................................ 378,195 637,487 348, 550 202,332 151,402 343,732
56 1 11,851 138,160 31,341
1,138 1, 258 506
West Mediterranean........................... 408,400 463, 688 391,303 2,163,178 2,353,956 2, 777, 708
Spain............................................ 69,799 1,498 18,067 348,103 84,805 81,100
France......................................... 29,713 71,774 43,085 380,387 543,803 671, 087
Italy............................................ 236, 682 321,707 2-17,875 1.338,932 1, 640, 382 1,004, 128
Yugoslavia..................... ............ 15, 963 21,430 15,642 14,625 5, 566 4,555
Malta..... ................................... 10 17 86 14,123 11, 050 10,277
Tunisia........................................ 21, 752 11,937 27,232 12,581 18,490 4,213
Algeria......................................... 34,478 33,771 38,786 58,098 48, 061 42,282
East Mediterranean and Black Sea... 960, 667 1,009,739 514, 547 487,709 413, 556 498,144
Bulgaria....................................... 1,489 1,270 1,263
Rumania........ „....... ................... 1,106 24,393 7.176 22,679 13,933 22,277
766,029 748,940 351,898 27,427 17,210
Turkey..................................... 47,886 75,758 57,831 68; 684 112,031 102, 725
Cyprus..................................... 35,257 34,233 8,419
Greece......................................... 48,910 01,513 47,511 264,881 130,012 108,131
40,403 60,972 18,385 82,297 100,093 121, 201
E f c : : : : - : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
3,132 ft 47ft ifi 4Sa
Palestine...................................... 713 938 10,253 12! 350 14; 603 25, 030
Syria.......................................... 7,684 11,270 11,811 6,259 10,013 12,697
Westlndifis...... 7,119, 887 8.721,835 7,471,288 2,047,010 3, 524, 640 3, 540,498
Cuba......................................... 3,458,482 4,287,218 2, 934,550 1.120,570 1,855, 795 1,300, 000
Jamaica..____ _____________ 27, 678 29,057 21,612 87,011 154,538 141, 662
Bahama Islands........................ 18,155 21,183 10,721 17,748 10,484 15,473
Haiti............................................ 62,391 68,730 78,012 38,902 38, 620 20,960
Dominican Republic................... 201,849 204,128 200,709 38,069 49, 086 40,999
Lesser Antilles............................. 3,300,212 4,109,941 4,222,801 709,297 1,875, 093 1,890,113
Bermudas.................................... 1, 225 1,578 2,217 20,413 34,924 31, 290
Mexico 1, 681,170 1,565,476 881,141 333y740 475,814 358, 304
C entr al A merica................................ 1,041,178 1,174,736 1. 205. 531 753,250 934, 937 925,629
British Honduras....................... 63,828 70,403 90,477 5,251 7,866 11,139
Guatemala.................................. 226, 638 282,624 292,373 68,110 126,531 103,002
Honduras.................................. 314,122 265,471 287,944 07,893 68,494 59,745
Nicaragua................................ 59,010 91,636 74,497 16.063 18,170 15,413
Costa Rica............................... — 106,714 148,080 125,221 26,288 30,494 41,973
Panama.................................. . . 119,172 106,215 140,697 7,619 7,348 8,908
Canal Zone.................................. 133,383 178,101 166,749 544,764 657,990 660,887
El Salvador............—............... 20,308 31,602 28,573 31,272 28,036 23,062
1Bayonne-Hamburg Range.
3 Included in Bayonne-Hamburg Range.

WATEB-BORNE FOREIGN COMMERCE 471
N o. 5 3 4 .— W a t e r - B o r n e I m p o r t s
R e g i o n s a n d C o u n t r ie s : a n d E x p o r t s— C a r g o T o n n a g e , b y T
1936, 1937, a n d 1938— Continued
f o r e i g n o r i g i n o r , d e s t i n a t i o n
North Coast South America___ ____
Venezuela,-____________
British Guiana.-_____
Surinam (Netherland. Guiana)
Fronch G uiana...................
Colombia..............................
East Coast South America..
Brazil........................
Uruguay........................
Argentina......................
West Coast South Amerioa..
Colombia........... . ........
Chile..............................
Peru................ ..............
Ecuador............
West Africa................... .......................
Morocco................. ....................'
Senegal........................................"
French Guinea...........................I.
Sierra L e o n e . . .................
Liberia.............. ..................
Ivory Coast...................................
Gold Coast...______ ______
Togo.................. ............................
Dahomey............. .........................
Nigeria..........................................
Camcroons......... ........................
Gabon............................................
Belgian Congo..............................
South and East Africa.........................
Union of South Africa.................
Mozambique...............................
Tanganyika Territory and Kenya.
Italian Somaliland.......................
French Somaliland......................
Madagascar............. .....................
Mauritius.................................
Reunion........................................
Australia and Antarctic Region........
New Zealand.............................
Australia................................... .
Fiji Islands..................................
New Caledonia...........................
Society Islands...........................
Antarctic Region.......................
East Indies.........................................
Straits Settlements and Federated
Malay States...................
French Indo-China and Siam___
Sumatra...................................
Java.........................................
Borneo.....................................
Celebes.....................................
East A sia...._________________
China..................... ..............
U. S. S. R. (Soviet U nion)...
Japan......... ............ ..................
Philippine Islands..................
India, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea..
Eritrea......................................
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan..........
Egypt......................................
Iraq..........................................
Arabia.......................................
Iran (Persia)....... ............. ......
India..... ...................................
Ceylon.....................................
Canada.......................-....................
Pacific......................................
Atlantic and Newfoundland.......
Great L a k e s.........................
1036
4,331,043
3,848,132
74,894
237,312
171,605
2,365, 974
846,365
67.236
1,442,373
2,203,660
20,004
2,014,157
133,185
50,214
486,154
14,526
10
1,032
2,437
1,981
22.237
373,510
1,806
1,571
43,499
2,097
53
20,603
196,279
17, 024
147,284
31,247
124
235,550
20,450
131,752
1,861
67,287
537
10,400
894,063
394,198
3,208
210,159
274,962
1,100
10,436
2,815,172
293,276
777
078,603
1,342,617
921,118
5,063
54,613
32,502
3,794
768,926
56,220
7,061,186
751,351
1,564,458
4, 735,377
1937
4,030,368
3,277,699
82,084
376,181
95
294,309
3, 184,337
859,870
53,637
2,250,830
2, 540,559
22,807
2,313,200
162,370
42,182
650,218
20,564
16
1,372
7,086
4,029
25,262
470,830
2,702
9,180
79,512
3,316
OH
26, 259
361,648
85,635
275,133
30,880
318,248
31,306
167,618
10,601
52,230
1,711
41,308
1,220,095
454,230
259,649
490,269
7,665
' 17,147
2,527, 787
267,968
4,081
777,748
1,477,940
1,069,314
6,037
32,540
31,131
3,615
2,841
931,046
62,104
6,339,295
879,558
1,852,807
3,606,870
1938
8,920,609
3,324,503
71,243
334,034
190,829
1,431,093
853,329
39,818
537,946
2, 580,229
20,827
2,335,034
180, 794
43,574
831,601
16,233
1,132
1,114
2,785
3,792
22,713
238,193
413
2,029
28,902
807
478
13,010
267,868
47,728
187,112
33,028
200,245
16,014
127,586
7,476
28,200
3,825
17,144
783,084
311,000
18,345
187,059
252,034
7,397
7,249
1, 900,182
110,081
2,636
347,511
1,439,954
790,634
5,824
706
26,994
3,275
5,835
698,479
49,721
5,477,789
816,417
2,166,809
2,494,563
1036
250,286
136,607
5,484
11,818
3,196
93,180
1,257,099
565, 595
96,874
595, 230
580,232
20,224
354,124
141,888
13,996
167, 541
20,530
10,505
3,560
4,623
3,458
15,010
48,318
3,099
4,309
30,675
8,365
5,095
3,775
620,311
422,852
143,183
32,409
7,249
1,112
6,039
4,760
2,707
851,740
254,627
566,674
4,572
4,452
20,823
163,885
41,881
24,863
15,165
79,862
599
1, 515
7,330,572
766,634
77,086
5,844,243
642,009
210,872
10,242
814
987
656
16,482
4,279
170,598
6,814
11,217,987
1,036,630
1,737,490
8,443,867
1937
390,489
240,552
6,500
13,041
1,008
120,388
2, 768, 205
810,993
138,043
809,169
880,793
27,013
590,278
218,627
44,875
195,789
23,061
14,292
4,593
4,974
6,634
21,022
57,248
2.309
4,333
31,617
7,958
6,933
G, 413
813,346
552,257
170,561
37,516
13,892
23,794
8,190
3,928
3,208
968, S08
251,328
681,891
10,009
5,639
4,893
313, 790
1938
443, 323
269,673
6, 797
18,652
1,767
146,434
2, 553, 36B
763,029
54,068
730.272
729,252
21,116
533,757
160,871
13,508
286,244
148,243
29,107
15,715
5,645
6,164
10,856
28,944
1,734
2,616
19,031
6,471
3,999
6,719
522,701
380.217
104,132
18,015
.......... 866
10,723
5,816
2,332
D73, 770
273,784
668.273
10,349
3,930
6,946
10,494
266,821
83,836 93,811
18,756 28,704
34,563 17,504
162,866 108,356
10,827 5,730
1,042 2,716
10,485,883 8,048,453
I , 117,764 601,713
202,268
7,430,255
812.217
244,330
187,105
8,503,741
657,253
334,670
27,218
1,998
1,954
5,989
18,273
5,614
251,343
22,281
14,389,051
1, 111, 532
2,083,408
II, 104, 111
.........1,"m
3,672
4, 534
27,889
5,679
193,295
7,490
13,668, 870
1,021,538
3.112.166
9.536.166
Source: U. 9. Maritime Commission; Report No. 275 (Annual), Water-Borne Foreign Commerce of
the U. S., except foe 1038 figures which are not published elsewhere.

4 7 2 WATERWAYS, WATER ‘TRAFFIC, AND SHIPPING-
No. 535.— W a t e r - B o r n e I m p o r t s a n d E x p o r t s — C a r g o T o n n a g e , b y S t a t e s
a n d P o r t s : 1936, 1937, a n d 1938
N ote.—In oargo tons of 2,240 pounds. See headnote, table 533. State totals cover all tonnage, including
that of small ports not shown
9TATK AND PORT
IMPORTS
EXPORTS
1930 1937 1938 1930 1037
1938
Grand total-------------------- ...
North Atlantic District...
Maine, total. - .........................
Portland............................
New Hampshire: Portsmouth.
Massachusetts, total.
Boston............
Everett..............
Fall River..........
Rhode Island, total..
Providence____
Connecticut, total.
New Haven...
New London..
New York, total *.
New York L ..
New Jersey, total....
Paulsboro........
Pennsylvania, totali.
Chester..............
Philadelphia L._.
38,395,748 42,062,821 32,818,162 39,714,046 fi4, 557, 725
25,418,991 28,448,078 22,127,959
512,902
290,015
46,450
2,538,326
1,895,949
575,128
18,962
205,860
203,450
71,935
35,352
21,372
12,475,870
12,087,575
52,244
30,133
3,548,708
}3,548,708
583,854
301,176
52,740
2,456,151
2,072,368
308,867
23,470
229.550
229.550
53,091
25,007
19,688
13,885,700
13,473,678
125,651
97,774
3.937.396
3.937.396
414,812
199,924
72,815
1,621,749
1,337, 577
230,883
7,366
102,679
102, 679
46,757
27,056
12,999
10,913,961
10,723,140
172,354
152,577
2,965,318
' 62,518
i2,902,800
8,708,942 12,012,018
64,712
57,172
1,791
291,090
291,087
8.090
8.090
143,074
109,914
11,417
422,888
422,784
43.254
43.254
5,420,266 7, 279,378
5,264,802 7,136,755
78,595
76,690
980,290
j- 980,290
88.048
88.048
1, 385,165
1, 385,165
55,612,107
10, 651,739
74,194
66,878
7,315
289,346
285,137
4,023
75,465
75,406
0,418,'396
5,969,772
62,018
62,018
1,015,574
/ 146,735
I 868,839
Delaware: Wilmington. 537,850 632,974 556,625 10,179 1,643 7,805
Maryland: Baltimore. 4,632,957 5,538,625 4,417,971 745,505 1, 571,425 1,158,720
Virginia, total____
Newport News.
Norfolk............
South Atlantic District.
North Carolina, total.........
Wilmington_________
South Carolina, total..........
Charleston....................
Georgia, total..
Brunswick.
Savannah..
Florida, east coast, total.
Fernandina..............
Jacksonville,...........
Port Everglades__
795,890
151,496
623,054
952,340
145,503
786,711
1,259,735 1,627,644
141,401
139, 732
323.867
323.867
462,564
12,334
450,230
214,037
214, 937
490,366
482,906
509,694
11,478
558,210
331,903 352,647
232,112 252,054
67,257 08,861
842,918
127, 590
689,221
1,108,424
321,093
674,274
1,416,801 971,289
191,500
190,561
437,830
426,151
437,599
5,741
431,858
349,932
2,642
243,390
65,813
35,638
35,038
199, 543
199, 543
318,358
34,229
284,129
417,730
115, 575
223,422
00,340
1,665,926
531,208
1,026,071
1,176,757
118,692
63,355
210.605
210.605
409,902
30,897
379,005
436,558
68, 560
245,887
103,421
1,442,897
436,493
804,106
874,428
72,248
51,802
189.918
189.918
265,583
18,029
247,554
346,679
113,973
152,249
67,344
Gulf Distriot. 3,901,745 6,242,540 838,146 12,186,612 17,353, 837 21, 811,478
Florida, west coast, total.
Boca Grande............
Panama City.......... .
Pensacola..................
Tampa..................... .
Alabama: Mobile.
Mississippi...........
Louisiana, total...
Baton Rouge.
Lake Charles.
New Orleans..
Texas, total............
Beaumont____
Corpus Ohristi.
Freeport...........
Galveston........
Houston...........
Port Arthur__
Port Neelies....
Texas City__
248,601 314,819
36,532
110,939
09,485
282,159
88,512
2,547,824
284,829
15,374
2,222,062
794,649
6,379
3,550
42,622
140,827
130,414
504,525
110,987
3,472,954
334,623
42,704
3,085,027
833,255
2,050
6,977
294,529
103
27,432
142,475
110,833
385,999
68,096
2,336,827
296,509
21,112
2,019,206
752,695
4,371
9,815
1,372,727
208,000
40,609
149,858
970,353
416,715 771,714
98,449 106,561
2,417,830
480,018
314,203
1,560,608
7,880,891
796,984
615,811
135,039
827,891
3,123,591
2,132,513
40,686
’173,174" 223,331 207,183
414,847 470,672 437,558
168,488 88,456 52,518
8,184
5,814 14,150 23,468 184,945
1Includes commerce of New Jersey ports which enters or clears through this oustom, house;
1,316,621 1, 285,253
119,824 193,377
61,870 45,461
150,657 123,894
983,107 920,828
1, 043,069
97,813
3,396,273 4, 015,754
657,137 778,075
329, 505 370,879
2,327,031 2, 823,235
11,762, 668
1,157,328
1,603, 655
121,403
1,378, 696
3,981,225
2,830,076
54,235
006, 530
15, 369, 589
844,874
2, 593,002
152,846
1, 771, 535
5. 063,137
3, 648,745
51,434
1, 205,857

WATER-BORNE FOREIGN COMMERCE 473
N o. 5 3 5 .— W a t e r - B o r n e I m p o r t s and E x p o r t s— C a rgo T o n n a g e , b y St a t e s
a n d P o r t s : 1936, 1937, a nd 1938— Continued
IM P O R T S
E X P O R T S
S T A T E A N D P O R T
1 0 3 6 1 9 3 7 1 8 3 8 1 9 3 6 1 9 3 7 1 9 3 8
Pacific District.............................................. 2 , 9 7 6 , 4 2 4 3 , 0 7 7 , 8 4 4 2 , 2 2 9 , 9 7 9 9 , 3 8 4 , 7 8 7 1 3 , 1 8 3 , 7 7 6 1 1 , 7 4 8 ,5 2 8
C a l i f o r n i a , t o t a l - ........................................................... 1 , 8 7 8 , 7 5 4 1 , 8 7 9 , 9 3 0 1, 2 7 4 , 6 9 1 7 , 4 2 4 , 2 7 2 9 , 9 3 3 , 6 6 2 9 , 9 0 3 , 0 1 4
9 , 1 1 6 1 9 , 1 8 2 9 0 , 5 4 fi
L o s A n g e l e s ..................................... - .................... 8 6 8 , 8 8 9 8 3 8 , 4 5 0 5 7 1 , 2 3 0 3 , 0 3 1 , 2 0 4
5 , 3 1 1 , 4 9 3 4 , 8 5 8 , 1 3 3
S a n D i e g o ................................................................... 2 0 , 1 7 4 1 6 , 4 4 0 1 7 , 3 7 5 4 , 0 8 1 9 , 5 8 7 U *. 8 7 7
S a n F r a n c i s c o ( a l l p o r t s i n B a y ) . 9 8 9 , 6 9 1 1 , 0 1 5 , 8 7 8 6 8 6 , 0 4 9 2 , 2 4 3 ,0 7 0 2 , 8 3 8 , 0 7 0 2 ,9 9 9 ; 0 7 1
5 2 3 7 1 , 2 2 6 ,1 3 5 1 7 4 4 , 9 5 7
O r e g o n , t o t a l ........................................ ................. ........... 1 4 7 , 5 9 9 1 3 9 , 0 7 7 9 1 , 0 7 3 0 9 3 , 3 4 6 8 8 2 , 4 1 8 8 0 1 , 0 4 0
2 2 GO, 2 5 0
2 1 8 ,9 8 1
P o r t l a n d .................................. ................................... 1 4 3 , 5 7 7 1 3 6 , 6 7 6 8 6 , 7 7 1 3 8 8 , 3 4 6 5 8 5 , 0 5 9 6 9 4 ,1 6 1
W a s h i n g t o n , t o t a l ....................................................... 9 5 0 , 0 7 1 1 , 0 5 8 , 8 3 1 8 6 4 , 2 1 5 1 ,2 ( 5 7 ,1 6 9 1 , 3 6 7 , 6 9 6 9 8 0 , 9 7 4
A n a c o r t e s ................................................................... 4 , 0 8 1 5 , 0 0 7 3 , 7G 4 2 0 , 7 9 2 2 1 , 7 0 6 3 , 6 7 5
B e l l i n g h a m .............................................................. 1 1 , 8 9 1 1 3 ,0 4 9 2 3 , 8 8 0 7 0 , 0 7 7 5 6 , 1 0 9 2 7 , 2 4 2
E v e r e t t .......................................................................... 1 2 , 0 2 4 1 9 , 0 2 0 5 1 , 3 8 6 1 1 1 ,2 9 6 7 5 , 6 0 7 5 3 , i l l
2 , 3 1 3 2 5 7 , 5 8 3
2 , 2 0 9 1 , 7 3 8 6 6 , 0 2 6 m o 331
O l y m p i a ...................................................................... 1 9 5 5 4 0 4 4 3 4 , 5 9 9 2s i o i l lO ', 0 3 3
P o r t A n g e l e s ............................................................ 1 8 7 , 4 3 2 2 3 4 , 9 4 7 2 1 G , 4 0 7 2 8 , 0 3 1 2 1 , 3 0 1 3 4 , 1 0 2
5 0 , 5 6 0 4 0 , 7 9 5 5 5 , 1 4 9
S e a t t l e ............................................................................ 3X 0, 9 1 1 3 5 5 , 7 5 2 2 1 5 , 4 4 7 2 9 8 , 8 6 3 3 9 6 , 0 4 2 3 5 0 ,3 0 9
Tacoma........................................- 3 5 4 , 0 8 0 3 7 1 , 0 8 2 2 9 0 , 3 6 2 2 9 2 , 3 8 3 3 2 1 , 6 3 2 2 5 2 ,9 0 4
W i l l a p a H a r b o r _________________________ 1 , 7 5 2 1 , 2 0 0 7 5 0 7 3 , 7 0 4 5 1 , 4 2 7 1 6 ,5 4 3
Great lakes District-.................. 4 , 7 7 8 , 8 6 3 3 , 6 6 6 , 7 1 6 3 , 2 0 5 , 2 1 7 8 , 4 6 2 , 4 3 0 1 1 , 2 3 2 , 1 3 7 1 0 , 6 2 7 ,0 3 4
New Y o r k , t o t a l .........................- ....................... 2 , 2 0 6 , 3 8 0 1 , 1 8 3 ,8 7 9 9 2 G , 7 8 0 1 , 6 3 1 , 4 8 2 1 , 9 2 7 , 1 0 8 1 , 6 3 2 ,2 4 1
B u f f a l o ........................................................................... 1 , 8 4 4 , 2 7 9 7 7 7 , 9 0 8 0 2 5 , 7 7 3 8 9 9 , 0 3 8 7 8 7 , 6 8 3 8 2 0 , 4 4 5
O g d a n s b u r g ............................................................. 7 7 , 2 4 4 1 0 5 ,2 0 1 7 5 , 3 3 0 2 2
O s w e g o .......................................................................... 2 8 , 4 7 4 2 0 , 4 0 9 1 1 7 , 3 8 9 1 4 8 , 3 4 6 2 4 5 , 1 6 1 2 8 2 ,6 5 1
1 1 2 , 3 0 1 8 1 , 8 7 1 2 9 1 , 4 4 1 4 6 5 6 6 8
2 7 7 , 9 6 1 4 1 9 , 6 4 6 4 I 5! 377
5 7 , 7 6 9 7 4 , 3 6 9 7 0 2
9 3 i 0 5 3 6 8 j 1 0 0 8 2 , 2 0 0 7
P e n n s y l v a n i a : E r i e ................................................... 2 3 6 , 3 9 5 1 6 2 ,1 2 3 1 9 2 , 0 1 7 5 6 8 , 7 0 7 8 1 4 , 7 8 9 5 5 6 , 4 3 2
O h i o , t o t a l ......................................................................... - 3 7 7 , 1 5 1 4 2 1 , 9 6 6 G 0 5 .0 2 9 5 , 1 4 4 ,7 5 1 6 , 1 0 8 , 2 2 0 5 , 1 5 2 , 2 5 9
Ashtabula........................ .............. 1 , 4 6 8 , 0 6 0 1 , 6 1 7 , 9 8 8 1 ,9 .9 0 , 2 4 6
C l e v e l a n d ................................................................. 2 0 9 , 0 7 7 2 2 6 , 0 3 4 9 9 , 3 0 2 3 6 4 , 2 3 9 ' 3 5 2 , 0 1 0 2 6 6 , 4 0 8
3 , 5 0 2 4 2 9 , 6 6 0 4 5 9 , 0 5 4 9.94, 9 9 3
F a i r p o r t ...................................... ................................ 3 , 7 0 0 3 5 6 , 5 8 6 4 0 0 ', 7 7 6 4 5 9 , 5 1 7
L o r a i n ............................................................. - _____ 3 , 1 8 8 9 , 9 1 3 2 6 , 5 3 6 1 4 3 ,9 5 1 2 3 5 j 4 7 3 8 9 , 5 4 7
S a n d u s k y ................................................................... 3 9 3 6 , 8 6 9 3 3 9 , 0 8 7 5 7 8 , 9 4 4 5 7 0 , 3 9 1 6 3 1 , 0 6 2
T o l e d o ............................................................................ 1 6 4 , 4 9 3 1 7 4 , 4 9 0 7 6 , 5 4 2 1 , 7 0 0 ,8 0 1 2 , 5 2 2 , 0 0 3 1 , 0 3 0 , 4 1 0
I n d i a n a ..........................................................- ....................... 5 , 1 0 7 8 , 2 4 1 8 , 5 7 7 7 , 2 0 0 2 7 , 0 1 3 9 , 5 9 6
I l l i n o i s ; C h i c a g o .....................- ................................... 4 4 2 , 3 7 1 7 5 7 , 4 8 9 2 4 4 , 9 2 5 2 4 1 , 9 8 8 3 9 6 , 7 5 4 1 , 4 3 7 , 7 6 8
M i c h i g a n , t o t a l ............................................................... 4 3 3 , 2 3 9 4 5 0 , 0 7 2 0 2 7 , 2 0 6 3 3 4 , 1 8 0 6 3 0 , 3 1 7 3 8 2 , 2 5 8
D e t r o i t ........................................................................... 2 1 0 , 2 7 2 1 9 6 , 1 4 5 2 5 6 , 0 2 3 1 6 2 , 5 0 3 1 5 7 , 4 3 9 1 4 2 , 5 4 3
E s c a n a b a .................................................................... 5 , 3 4 6 1 2 , 7 3 7 3 , 3 7 8 9 0 , 2 7 5 1 8 2 , 3 8 4 7 1 , 3 2 6
2 7 , 8 5 2 1 4 5 , 1 0 7 1 5 , 1 4 1
P o r t H u r o n ............................................................. 6 7 , 3 1 2 6 7 , 8 1 5 4 6 , 2 9 9 6 , 4 4 3 5 , 2 2 8 4; 779
5 3 , 9 0 3 4 0 , 7 0 4 4 0 , 0 7 6 1 , 7 7 1 7
W i s c o n s i n , t o t a l ............................................................. 7 6 5 , 4 5 2 6 2 7 , 2 0 7 5 7 2 , 5 2 2 5 1 4 , 3 5 2 1 , 1 1 2 , 2 1 7 1 , 1 2 4 , 4 2 2
A s h l a n d ..................................................................... 6 8 , 7 7 4 1 4 1 , 2 3 0 2 0 9 , 1 2 0 1 6 9 , 9 4 0 2 5 0 , 5 2 4 1 6 7 , 8 5 4
M i l w a u k e e ............................................................... 178,504 110,435 74,421 40,561 7 9 ,3 1 7 184,186
S u p e r i o r ....................................................................... 328, 917 107, 600 9,881 297,851 7 0 6 ,7 7 6 699,692
M i n n e s o t a , t o t a l ....................................................... 253, 752 54,838 28,161 19,707 1 5 5 ,7 1 0 332,958
D u l u t h ......................................................................... 2 5 3 ,7 5 2 54,8 3 8 27,319 19,707 1 5 5 ,7 1 9 329,955
S o u r c e : IT. S . M a r i t i m o C o m m is s io n ; R e p o r t N o . 298 (A rm r ia l) , F o r e ig n C o m m e r c e o f U . S . P o r ts ,
2 6 7 7 0 1 !“— 4 1 ---------3 2

4 7 4 WATERWAYS-, WATER TRAFFIC, AND SHIPPING
N o . 5 3 6 .— W a t e r -B o r n e I m po r t s a n d E x p o r t s— C a r g o T o n n a g e , by M a jo r
C o m m o d it ie s, a n d b y C o a sta l D is t r ic t s : 1938
N ote.—In thousands of oargo tons of 8,240 pounds. See headnote, table 533. Leaders indicate no data
or less than 500 tons
COMMODITY
T o ta l
N o r th
A tla n tio
d is tr ic t
S o u th
A tla n tio
d is tr ic t
G u lf
d is tr ic t
P acific
d istric t
G re a t
L a k e s
d istric t
i
Im p o r ts .to ta l............................. ................................ 8S,818 2 2 , 1 2B ' 1,417 3,835 2,230 3,204
D ry c a rg o e s, to tal................ .................................... 23, 799 14,406 1 ,1 2 2 2, 923 2,174 3,175
A n im a l, fish, a n d d a ir y p r o d u c ts (ed ib le)............. 2 2 0 177 3 1 0 26 4
90 85 4 1
O ils (a n im a l, fish, a n d v e g e ta b le )............................. 500 386 4 44 65 2
16 15 1
929 346 4 579
73 54 2 3 14
A n im a l feeds a n d fo d d e r................................................. 149 35 11 6 61 30
F r u it s a n d v e g e ta b le s ....................................................... 1, 742 939 U S 556 127 2
9R1 54 46 181
1 105 708 9 260 128
S u g a r a n d m o la sses............... ............................................ 2,702 1 ,8 6 8 148 583 81 22
B e v e ra g e s .. .......................................................................... 103 83 1 5 11 3
8 8 75 2 10 1
S eed s a n d n u r s e r y s to c k —.............................................. 130 109 1 4 15 1
5 2 4
39 3
421 380 3 9 29
23 19 2 2
1 ................ 1
119 107 4 1
52 1 2
S ilk - ................................................. 1 2
48 2
51 1 5 5
F ib e rs a n d p r o d u e ts ......... - .............................................. 563 314 1 0 147 65 18
L o g s a n d tim b e r ........................................... 232 26 98 1 0 0 2
L u m b e r........... ........................................................................ 488 165 1 15 284 23
75
W o o d p u l p ............................ _.............................................. 2,512 1,243 2 33 79 1,165
35 3 11
P a p e r ..................................................................................... 1,014 388 40 116 1 2 2 348
440 358 81 1
2 0 4
17 0
C la y , c h a lk , s to n e , s a n d , a n d c e m e n t...................... 1 ,0 1 1 986 94 56 107 6 6 8
N o n m e ta llic m in e ra ls....................................................... 185 122 3 4 10 46
O res............................................................................................ 4,530 3,691 5 454 273 107
I ro n a n d s t e e l ...................................................................... 230 95 7 72 54 2
M e ta l s c ra p .......................................................................... 29 19 4 6
142 1 1 0
g 3
18 15 1 2
10
1
43 2 15
3
M a n u fa c tu r e d g oods........................................................ 8 8 38 2 1 11 36
1 2
3
C h e m ic a ls............................................................................... 236 96 56 67 16 1
62 3 1 1
1
F e rtiliz e r, n. e. s.................................................................. 1,251 308 580 270 73 2 0
39 1 11 10 1
48 3
14 7 5 2
1 1
2
248 5 11 6 8 75
7,723 295 915 56 30
37
1 1
4 4
Silk..........................., ..............................................................
727 175
1
31 31
. 7.799 6,897 250 620 25
10 8 1
1 1
218 2 0 37 1 1 2 47 2
1 I
R e tu rn e d ' goods............................. .............................
9 8 1
s

Wa ter-borne EOREION COMMERCE 475
No. 536.— W a t e b - B o r n e I m p o r t s a n d E x p o r t s — C a r g o T o n n a g e , b y M a j o r
C o m m o d itie s , a n d b y C o a s t a l D i s t r i c t s : 1938—Continued
COMMODITY
Total
North
Atlantic
district
South
Atlantic
district
Gulf
district
Pacific
district
Great
Lakes
district
Exports .total............ 55,612 10, 552 874 21,812 11, 746 10,628
Dry cargoes, total-.. .
Live animals...................
.
S3, 829
1
9, 955 1
874 8,783 3, 835 10, 382
Animal, fish, and dairy produots (edible) 213 101
Hides and skins................
13 22 75 2
23 11
Oils (animal, fish, and vegetable) 32 23 4
Animal produots (inedible).. 5 4 1
Grain, linseed, soybean (bullrl
6,711 1,070
Grain products (drvL...
2,801 594 2,246
714 266
Animal feeds and fodder.. . 414 244
Fruits and vegetables... 1,015 242
CnDra and c o c o n u ts ... 5 1 “4
33 31
Sugar and molasses..........
2
80 01
Beverages............................. 0
Teas and spices............... 5 4
Seods and nursery stock.. . . . 8 3 2 3
Tapioca and other starches... 9 2 7
Miscellaneous vogctable products (inedible) 4 4
Tobacco (unmanufactured). 235 180 25 30
Rubber (except rubber goods) 30 17 1 12
Gums and resins (except naval stores)... 1 1
Naval stores...................... 240 14 114 108 1
Vegetable dyeing and tanning materials___ 12 11 1
Cotton (unmanufactured)___ 3,082 51 32 863 136
Wool and hair..................... 12 10 1
Textiles..................................... 40 24
Fibers and products........... 30 22 7 1
Logs and timber..................... 420 10 41 140
Lumber............................................................. 1,288 72 116 646 452 3
Cork and produots......... 3 2
Wool pulp............................ .. 121 24
Paper stock.............................. 83 45 3
Paper..................................... _ . 133 4
Coal and coke ......................... 8,204 918 69 87 20 7,170
Potroloum and produots........................... 1,285 626 0 378 274 1
Asphalt and pitch........ 185 55 64 64
Clay, chalk, stone, sand, and cement__ 313 116 14 27 19 137
Sulphur...............................__ 574 4 50Q 1
Nonmetallio minerals........... 83 36 14 25 8
750 153 67 14
Iron and steel......................... 2,071 1,432 29 454 90 ”66
Metal scrap..... .................. 2,706 1,495 224 666 312 9
Metals, n. o. s. (no Diron, steel, or precious).......... 330 145 89 102
Machinery (heavy)............. 388 305 4 63 23 3
Vehicles................................ ......... 050 608 2 22 12 0
Machines (sznflli) and appliances........................ 31 28 1 1 1
Glass, porcelain, and earthenware ................ 28 18 1 5 2 2
Rubber goods................ 20 16 4
Manufactured goods........................................... 64 46 1 10 7
Building materials, n. e, s ... ..................... 78 24 2 27 24 1
Medicines, drugs, and toilet preparations.......... 11 6 5
Chemicals_____ 330 199 2 21 95 13
Paints and pigments............................................. 106 19 80 7
Phosphate rock................... ................. 1,078 1 117 960
Fertilizer, n. o. s....................................... 350 262 10 33 43 2
Crude drugs and essential o ils ........................ 1 1
Returned containers............................................. 10 12 2 2
Returned goods.. _ . 2 1 1
Explosives and ammunition............................ 14 8 6
Miscellaneous................ 1,078 795 11 46 87 139
21,783 597 18,029 7,911 246
1 1
15 11 4
Naval stores........................................................... (j 2 4
Wood pulp....... ......................................... 16 11 5
21,629 511 12,991 7,888 239
Asphalt and pitch .......................................... 31 16 2 11 2
2 2
12 12
2 2
1 1
5 1 4
Chemicals............' ............... 45 23 21 i
1 •1
Miscellaneous- . 17 16 1
Source: U> S. Maritime Commission, records (not published elsewhere).

4 7 6 WATERWAYS, WATER TRAFFIC, AND- SHIPPING/
No. 537.— V e s s e l s E n t e r e d a n d C l e a r e d i n F o r e i g n T r a d e — N e t T o n n a g e :
1840 to 1939
N o t e .— Domestic trade Is not included. For definition of net tonnage s e e general note, p.458. Figures
coyer years ended June 30 to and including 1918, calendar years thereafter. Owing to the marked effect
of the war on shipping a apeolal average for the GH yeara July 1,1811, to Deo. 31, 1820, is presented
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
ENTERED
Other
ports
(In thousands of net tons]
CLEARED
See*
ports
Other
ports
1810 >........ .......... 1,783 501 1,861
1850..................... 3,100 I , 179 3,167
1880..................... 5,000 3,275 5,257
1870..................... 0,270 .2,886 0,362
1871-1876______ 8,402 2,997 8,514
1876-1880.______ 12,134 2,792 12,107
1881-1885............. 13.604 2,931 13,781
1880-1800............. 13,470 2,602 13,655
1891-1805............. 16,801 2,816 16,665
1806-1000............. 20,931 3,980 21,077
1901-1906........... - 24, 551 5,039 24,638
1906- 1010. 29,051 8,072 29,156
1011-1016............. 30,036 I I, 879 36,954
1016-19201........... 38,071 13,440 40,137
1921-1925______ 52,050 13,334 53,578
1926-1930............. 03,768 15,203 64,441
1931-1936............ 54,928 10,462 55,214
1910-1914---------- 35,212 11,408 34,965
1914-1020 *........... 37.604 13,169 39,417
1894 ....... 17,025 2,965 17,306
1895 ....... 16,726 2, 570 17,024
1800..................... 17,453 3, 536 17,819
1897 ....... 20,003 3, 757 19,878
1898 ....... 21,700 3,879 21,892
1899 ....... 21,063 4,148 22,177
1900 .................... 28,534 .................... 4,620 23,618 ....................
1001..................... 24,791
3902..................... 24,361
1903 .................... 24,698 — -
1904 .......
1905 .......
1906 .......
1907— ..—
24, 111
24,793
27,401
20,248
4,977
6,293
6,390
5,841
6,190
6,754
7,374
24,889
24,242
24,823
24,192
25,020
26,970
28,499
492
1,194
3,533
2.807
2,994
2.807
2.917
2,693
2,876
4,007
5.918
8,036
12,061
13,611
13,075
15,310
10,351
11,614
13,100
2,066
2,727
3,596
3,831
3,856
4,089
4,663
4,931
6,202
6,493
6,824
6,138
0,814
7,491
YEAR
ENTERED
Other
ports
1008...................... 30,444 8,005
1009 ........ 30, 243 8,816
1010 ........ 30,917 9,319
1011...................... 32,457 10,218
1012...................... 34, G59 11,499
1013...................... 37.973 12, Q60
1914 ........ 40,052 13,337
1915 ........ 35,032 11, B78
1010...................... 37, 744 13,800
1017 ........ 36, 521 13,951
1018 ........ 31,101 14.350
1018 (July-Dee,). 10,113 8, 016
1919 ........ 36,381 10,320
1920 ........ 51, 532 12,572
1921 ........ 49,958 12,327
1922 .................... 51,701 .................... 13,490
1923 ........ 52,775 13,544
1924 ...... 54,720 13,505
1025...................... 55, 630 13,742
1926...................... 03,769 13,174
1927.--------------- 58,021 15,380
1928...................... 62, 800 17,402
1029 ...... , 66,852 15,740
1930—................. 60,400 14, 753
1031 ................... 60,427 12,355
1932 .................... 55,229 .................... 9,607
1933 .... -
1934 ........
1935 ........
1936 ........
1937 ........
1938 ........
1030 .......
51,664
63,132
54,289
55,038
59,980
69,223
57.973
9,372
10,055
10,324
10,934
11,580
11,293
11,019
CLEARED
Seaports
Seaports
Seaports
30,198
29,604
30,610
32,299
34,700
37,660
39,743
35,458
38,946
38, 094
31,869
16,112
40,760
64,981
60,423
51,799
53,215
55,294
57,160
65,683
50, 760
63,331
07,030
06,600
61,204
54,900
62,083
53,162
64,722
55,381
01,177
60,004
60,218
Other
ports
8,084
8,592
9,190
10,138
11,711
13,580
13,440
11,427
13,477
13, 988
14,145
9,360
10,506
12,837
12,242
13,040
13,409
13,616
13, 069
13,458
15, 682
17,336
15,313
14,803
12,297
9,647
9,204
10, 541
10,165
10,680
11,701
11,222
11,088
*Year onded Sept. 30. > Average for period July 1,1914, to Deo. 31, 1920.
1 Average for period July 1,1915, to Dec. 31,1920.
Source: Prior to 1930, Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; thereafter,
Treasury Department, Bureau of Customs; records.

TONNAGE ENTERED AND CLEARED 477
N o. 5 3 8 .— V e s s e l s E n t e r e d a n d C l e a r e d in F o r e ig n T r a d e- N e t T o n n a g e
b y R e g i o n s a n d b y C u st o m s D is t r ic t s : 1936 to 1939
N ote.—In thousands of net tons. See headnote, table 537
CUSTOMS DISTRICT
1930 1937 1938 1939
Enterod Cleared Entered Cleared Entered Cleared Entered Cleared
Grand total__ .______ „ 05,972 08,000 71,560 72,880 70, 618 71, 286 68, 992 70,303
Seaports, total..............__.......... 56,038 56,381 59,080 61,177 59,223 60,084 57, 973 69,218
North Atlantic coast, total____ 28,742 2fi, 569 28,701] 87,828 20,719 25,967 25, 968 24,661
Maine, New Hampshire. 664 416 665 503 615 383 587 433
Massachusetts_________ 4. 108 3,100 4,442 3,094 3,444 2,822 3,390 2,551
Rhode Island________ . . 80 101 107 122 6 5 85 87j 63
Connecticut................... 36 29 28 20 25 25 25 13
Now York........................ 19, 587 20,145 21,108 21,700 20,608 21,117 10,580 10,706
Philadelphia....... __.......... 2,198 1,670 2,351 1,890 1,9 0 2 1.535 2.299 1 ,8 0 0
South Atlantic coast, total......... 4,747 6,471 5,190 5, 985 4,647 6,242 5,114 6,280
Maryland............ .............. 1,707 1,420 2,055 1,675 1,710 1,442 1,856 1,885
Virginia.............................. 701 1,041 001 1,801 836 1,607 908 1,688
North Carolina................ 118 55 132 120 141 7G 132 67
South Carolina_________ 305 226 459 270 413 210 401 256
Georgia.......................... .. 240 444 322 442 264 306 305 660
Puorto Rico.................. 1,147 1,137 948 1,081 795 892 080 813
Virgin Islands1................ 347 540 374 578 480 710 742 952
Gulf coast, total___ _________ 8,840 9, 613 10,531 11,6791 11,932 12, 806 10. 607 11, 668
Florida............................... 1,067 1,971 2,055 2,080 2,114 1,921 2,030 1,088
Mobile................................ 364 600 520 825 688 896 525 548
New Orleans..................... 2,960 3,175 3,609 8,090 3,042 3, 037 3, 339 3,387
Sabine.............................— 1,370 1,420 1,010 1,950 1,808 2,104 1,640 2,081
Galveston........................... 2,170 2,447 2,608 3,133 3,620 4,047 3,004 3,004
Mexieanborder: San Antonio. 314 273 684 729 1,103 1,145 1, 215 1,241
Paoiflc coast, total___ _______ 14,896 14,464 14,873 15,455 14,822 15,105 16,069 16,428
Washington................. . . . 5,140 5,002 5,233 5,015 5,306 4,030 5 , 5 5 2 4,092
Oregon................. .......... .. 320 432 373 426 482 385 549 519
San Francisco__________ 1,592 1,661 1,519 1,909 1,716 2,275 1,506 2,213
Los Angeles......... ........ ..... 5,254 5, 655 5,037 6,461 5,430 6,067 5,530 5,062
Alaska................................ 191 220 220 226 191 248 223 320
Hawaii___ ____________ 1,479 1,428 1,319 1,358 1,281 1,101 1,260 1,256
San Diego_____________ 419 57 272 01 326 93 353 68
Northern border, total, 10,934 10,686 11,680 11,704 11,293 11,222 11,019 11,088
Vertnont______________ 5 5 4 4 3 3 4 5
St. Lawrence___________ 460 451 496 461 457 430 303 256
Rochostor_____ _____. . . 1,858 1,840 2,204 2,102 2,340 2,282 2 ,08G 1,982
Buffalo............................... 1,648 870 936 740 805 556 1,486 985
Ohio....................... ............ 3,572 4,070 4,324 4,724 4,051 3,764 3,596 3,876
Michigan._________ . . . . 1,770 1,002 1,888 1,801 1,626 1.803 1,853 2,288
Chicago___________i___ 367 426 492 557 702 943 413 595
Wisconsin_____ ________ 572 390 404 375 690 567 680 409
Duluth and Superior___ 074 721 771 760 719 874 599 032
YEARLY AVERAGE OH YEAR
ATLANTIC COAST GULF COAST PACIFIC COAST Mexi-
Total
With
cargo
Total
With
cargo
Total
With
cargo
border,
total
NORTHERN
BORDER
Total
With
cargo
Entrances:
1906-1910............................ 20,021 18,404 5,159 2,420 3, 570 2,707 8,072 3,207
1911-1915............................ 24,293 20,708 6, 635 3,877 5,055 3,649 52 11,879 4,664
1915-19202____________ 24,581 16,004 7,939 4,646 5,487 4,329 64 13,440 6,646
1921-1925......................... 30,979 27,133 12,390 8,243 9,602 6.070 28 13,334 6,475
1928-1930.......................... 36,884 33.003 11,634 7,416 15,100 8,247 150 15,293 7,700
1931-1935...................... 31,721 28,668 8,0.58 4,858 14,968 9,239 180 10,462 4,997
1936__________________ 31,489 28,766 8,840 5,507 14,395 10,336 314 10,934 5,300
1937.................................... 33,891 30,467 10, 531 6,017 14,873 9,762 684 11,580 5,288
1938.................................... 31,366 27,439 11,932 5,681 14,822 9,598 1,103 11,293 5,085
1939—................................. 31,082 26,837 10,607 5,363 15,069 6,651 1,215 11.019 5,311
Clearances:
1906-1910....................... 20,162 18,650 5,477 5,187 3,517 2,922 8,036 6,673
1911-1915............................ 23,608 21,765 7,193 Q, 414 6,104 4,643 60 12,061 8, 567
1916-19201......................... 25,921 23.168 8, 528 6,915 5,026 4,782 62 13, 511 9,637
1021-1925............................ 30,837 24,284 12,833 9,580 9,880 8,360 28 18,075 0,236
1926-1930........................... 36,361 28,096 12,326 10,641 15,658 13,148 05 15,319 10,504
1031-1935............................ SO, 058 23, 563 9,018 8,070 15,411 13,220 127 10,351 7,309
■ 1036................................. 31,040 22.998 9,613 8,378 14,464 13,027 273 10,686 7,642
1937_______ ________ 33,314 24,851 11,670 10,126 15,455 14,173 729 11,704 0,890
1938.................................... 31,200 23.679 12,606 11, ISO 15,105 13.766 1,145 11.222 9,348
1939............................... 30,881 22,563 11,608 10,201 15,428 14,171 1,241 11,088 8,880
1 Reported as a foreign country prior to Jan. 1,1035. * July 1,1016, to Doc. 31,1920.
Sonrce: Prior to 1030, Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; thereafter,
Treasury Department, Bureau of Customs; records. '

4 7 8 WATERWAYS, WATER TRAFFIC, AND SHIPPING
N o . 5 3 9 .— Ve s s e l s E n t e r e d i n F o r e ig n T r a d e - N e t T o n n a g e , b y C l a s s e s :
1881 t o 1939
[All figures except number of vessels and percentages in thousands of net tons. See headaote, table 537]
YEARLY AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Number
of
vessels,
all
port*
Total
ALL PORTS
American
Foreign
Percent
American
All
vessels
Sailing
vessels
SEAPORTS
Steam
vessels
W ith
cargo
In
ballast
1881-1890.................. 32,038 16.308 3,395 12,913 20.8 13,542 6,251 8,291 n , 560 1,982
1891-1900.................. 31,781 22,260 4,078 17,291 22.4 18,866 3.816 15,050 14,184 4,082
1901-1905.................. 34,040 30,490 6,802 23,688 22.8 24,551 2,606 21,046 19,206 5,346
1906-1910.................. 34.376 37.722 8,372 29,350 22.2 29,651 1,816 27,834 23,021 0,026
1911-1916.................. 38.951 47,914 12,205 35,709 26.6 36,036 1,574 34,401 27,778 8,257
1015-19201................ 42,713 51,511 21,999 29,512 42.7 38,071 1,899 38,173 28,128 12,043
1921-1026................. 41,640 60,203 20.046 36,648 44.7 52,959 1,004 51.955 41,471 11,488
1926-1930.................. 45; 846 79,002 30,314 48,748 38.3 63,768 472 03,200 48,710 15,068
1931-1935.................. 31,338 06,390 23,847 41,643 36.5 54,928 227 54,701 42,835 12, 093
1010-1914..................
1914-1920a................
38,038
42,257
46,619
50,773
11,328
20,057
36,291
30.116
24.3
40.7
35,212
37,604
1,568
1,853
33.654
36,750
28,096
24,938
7,110
12, G6C
1926.......................... 42,019 60,378 27,947 41,431 40.3 55,636 731 54,905 43,460 12,186
1920.......................... 44,757 76,933 26,800 50.043 35.0 63,759 540 63,210 45,113 18. 640
1927.......................... 46,469 74,310 29,280 45,021 39.4 58,021 630 58,391 45,462 13,458
1928.......................... 48,252 80,211 31,285 48,926 39.0 62,809 453 62j 356 48,757 14,062
1929.......................... 46,087 82.602 32,241 50,361 30.0 00,862 450 06,397 51,919 14,934
1930.......................... 44,076 81,258 31,860 49,387 30.2 60,400 373 06,127 52,298 14,201
1931.......................... 30,373 72,782 26,907 45, 875 37.0 60,427 241 60,186 47.265 13,102
1932.......................... 30,318 64,837 24,278 40,559 37.4 55,229 236 54,994 42,701 12,628
1933.......................... 28,010 60.986 22,488 38,448 30.0 51, 664 180 81,384 40,410 11,154
1034.......................... 29,736 63, 787 23,102 40,594 36.4 53,132 196 52,036 41,207 11,835
1935.......................... 32,246 64,012 22,372 42,240 34.0 54,280 281 54,008 42,601 11,788
1036.......................... 33,439 65,072 20,082 45,200 . 31.3 55,038 311 54,727 44,675 10,303
1037.......................... 34,309 71,680 10,627 52,033 27.3 50,980 54 69,920 46,328 13,652
1938.......................... 33,070 70,510 19,020 61, 496 27.0 59,223 51 59,172 42,806 16,417
1939......................... 35,310 68,992 17,769 51,223 25.8 57,973 34 67,939 41,040 16, 033
s e a p o r t s—c o n tin u e d
NORTHERN RORDER PORTS
YEARLY AVERAGE OR YEAR
American
vessels
Total
With
cargo
Total
Foreign
vessels
With
cargo
Total
With
cargo
Percent
American
American
Foreign
1881-1890............................... 2,933 2,550 10,600 9,001 21.7 2,760 1,976 462 2,304
1891-1900............................. 3.619 2,956 15,247 11,228 19.2 3,403 1,589 1,369 2,044
1901-1905............................... 3,962 3,246 20,589 16,960 10.1 5,939 2,602 2,840 3,099
1906-1010............................... 4,175 3,471 25,475 20,160 14.1 S, 0 7 2 3,207 4,107 3,875
1911-1915............................... 5,270 4,200 30,759 23,578 14.6 11,870 4,604 6,920 4, 050
1916-19201 .... 14,508 11,375 23,563 13,763 38.1 13,440 5,046 7,490 6, 050
1921-1925................................ 22,525 18,404 30,433 23,058 42.5 13,334 6,475 7, lie 6*215
1920-1930............................. 23,182 18,809 40, 580 29,901 36.4 15, 293 7,700 7,132 8, 162
1031-1936................................ 19,854 10,870 35,074 25,065 36.1 10,462 4,907 3,993 6, 409
1910-1914...............................
1914-1920 .......................
4,753
13,327
3,787
10,481
30,460
24,276
24,309
14,456
13.5
35.4
11,408
13,169
4,501
5,430
6,675
7,330
4,832
5,840
1925........................................ 21,148 17,033 34, 487 26,417 38.0 13,742 7,323 6, 798 0,944
1926........................................ 21.091 17,103 42, 008 28,010 33.1 13,174 7,131 5,799 7,375
1927........................................ 22,001 17,688 30,920 27,704 37.3 15,389 7,824 7,288 8,101
1928........................................ 22,991 18,404 39,818 30,363 36.6 17,402 8,671 8,294 9,108
1929........................................ 25.208 20,641 41,645 31,378 37.7 15,749 7,558 7,034 8.710
1930— .................................. 24,620 20,330 41,870 31,908 37.0 14,753 7,418 7,245 7,508
1931....................................... 21.499 18,123 38,929 29.142 36.6 12,355 5,080 5,408 6.940
1932...................................... 20,643 17,396 34,587 25,306 37.4 0,607 4; 809 3,635 5,973
1933______ _____________ 10,051 16,123 32,513 24,287 36.9 9,372 4,444 3,437 5 , 934
1934....................................... IB, 180 16, 500 33,940 24,707 36.1 10,655 4,717 4, 006 0, 049
1935....................................... 18,893 16,206 35,395 20,295 84.8 10,324 4,970 3,479 0,845
1030....................................... 17,510 15,350 37,528 29, 814 31.8 10, 034 5,300 3,172 7,702
1937....................................... 16,747 14.661 43,233 31,007 27.9 11,680 5,288 2,780 8,800
1938...................................... 15,899 13,080 43,324 29,726 26.8 11,293 5,085 3,121 8,172
1939....................................... 14,553 12,258 43,421 29,681 25.1 11,019 5,311 3,217 7,802
1Average for period July 1 ,1915, to Deo. 31,1020. * Average for period July 1,1014, to Deo. 31,1920.
Source: Prior to 1936, Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; thereafter.
Treasury Department, Bureau of Customs; records.

TONNAGE ENTERED' AND CI.EaIIEU 4 7 0
No. 5 4 0 . — V e s s e l s C l e a r e d i n F o r e i g n T r a d e — N e t T o n n a g e , b y C l a s s e s :
1881 t o 1939
[All figures ezoept number of Teasels and percentages in thousands of net tons. See headnote, table 537]
YEARLY AVERAGE
O R YEAR
N u m ­
b e r o f
vessels.
all
p o rts
T o ta l
ALL PORTS
A m e ric
a n
F o re ig n
P e r c e n t
A m e rican
A ll
vessels
S ailin g
vessels
SEAPORTS
S te a m
vessels
W ith
cargo
I n
b a lla s t
1881-1890.........................
1891-1000.........................
1901-1905.........................
1906-1010.........................
1 9 1 1 -1 0 1 5 ,................
1916-1020 ......................
1 9 2 1 -1 9 2 5 ........................
1926-1030.....................-
1931-1035.....................
1910- 1 0 1 4 ........
1911- 1 9 2 0 » ..................-
1925 __________________________
40,379 70,229
1926 --------------- 43,951 79,041 28,532 60,509
1927 .................... 43,019 75,440 20,793 45.647
1928 ......................................
1920......................................
46,201
44,837
80,867
82,343
31,734
31,927
48,933
50,416
1930 .......................... 41,801 .......................... 81,307.......................... 31.660 49,748 —
1931 .......................... 35,368 .......................... 73,501 -
1932 ...... ...............................
1033......................................
1034.....................................
29,648
27,157
28,874
64,446
61,287
03,702
1935 .................... 31,554 64,887
1936 ....................
1937 ......................................
1 9 3 8 ..................................
1039......................................
32,159
31,902
33,863
33,807
38,790
42,687
40,120
44,082
30,520
37,883
42,141
31,302
32,850
31,710
34,102
16,473
22,403
30,651
37,192
48,015
53,647
66,653
79,760
05,565
46,679
52,607
06,060
72,880
71,286
70,306
3,450
5,038
6,812
8,282
12,512
23,005
29,554
30,709
23,616
11,500
21,629
27,808
26,854
23,865
22,434
22,790
22,126
20,009
19.938
18,829
18,156
13,023
17,425
23,739
28,910
35,503
30,643
37,099
49,051
41,949
34,989
31,078
42,421
40.647
40,582
38,853
40,903
42,761
45,997
52,942
52,456
52,150
20.9
22.4
22.3
22.3
26.1
42.9
44.3
38.5
36.0
24.9
40.9
39.6
36.1
39.5
39.3
38.8
38.8
36.5
37.0
36.6
35.8
34.1
3 0.4
27.4
20.4
25.8
13,719
19,021
24,633
26,156
35,954
40,137
63,578
64*441
55,214
34,965
39,417
57,160
65,683
59,759
63,331
67,030
66,500
61,204
54,900
52,083
53,162
54,722
55,381
61,177
60,004
59,218
5,363
3,818
2,621
1,850
1,654
2,057
984
467
221
1,620
2,010
746
566
526
436
422
386
238
233
180
177
277
317
63
58
33
8,356
15,203
22,012
27.300
34.301
38,080
52,594
63,973
54,993
33,346
37,407
56,414
05,017
59,233
62,895
66,608
66,114
60,066
54,667
51,903
52,985
54,445
55,063
61,123
00,000
69,185
12,795
17,514
22,460
26,768
32,827
34,851
42,233
52,581
44,900
32,024
34,394
45,760
54,237
49,419
51,600
54,132
53,507
49,805
43,909
43,197
43,881
44,159
44,672
49,853
49,780
48,170
924
1,507
2,173
2,388
3,128
5,285
11.345
11,860
10,224
2,941
5,023
11,410
11.346
10,340
11,722
12,898
12,993
11,390
10,991
8,886
9,281
10,563
10,708
11,324
10,284
11,048
s e a p o r t s— c o n tin u e d
NORTHERN BORDER PORTS
YEARLY AVERAGE OR YEAR
A m e ric a n
v essels
T o ta l
W ith
cargo
T o ta l
F o re ig n
vessels
W ith
carg o
P e rc e n t
A m e rican
T o ta l
W ith
carg o
A m e ric
a n
F o re ig n
1881-1890......................................... ..
1891-1900...........................................
1 9 0 1 - 1 9 0 5 ,- ......................................
1906-1010...........................................
1 9 1 1 -1 9 1 5 .........................................
1 915-1B 201....................................-
1021-1025...........................................
1 9 2 6 -1 9 3 0 . ........................................
1931-1936...............................- _____
1 9 1 0 -191*_........................................
1914-1020 1........................................
1925 ___________ _______
1926 .................................... ..
1927 ......................................
1 0 2 8 ....................................................
1929 ......................................
1930 ......................................
1931 ......................................
1032....................................................-
1933 .....................................................
1934 ......................................
1938________ - ..................... - ............
1936 ....................................................
1 9 3 7 --........... - ....................................
1938________ _______ - .....................
1939__....................................................
2,978
3,644
4,000
4,084
5,361
15,455
22,556
23,338
19,653
4,778
14,171
21,394
22,234
22,078
23,180
25,045
24,154
21,417
20,204
19,093
18,901
18,651
16,067
17,134
15, 742
14,003
2,641
2,914
3,284
3,498
4,522
11,505
14,974
17.071
15,729
4,109
10,611
14,948
15,838
16,624
16,969
18, 337
17,087
16,732
16.072
15,824
15,571
14,447
13,617
14,038
12,893
12,130
10,741
15,377
20,633
25,072
30,594
24.681
31,022
41,102
35,551
30,187
25,245
35,766
43,349
37.681
40,151
41,985
42,346
30,787
34,695
32,960
34,261
36,071
38,414
44,043
44,322
44,313
10,264
14,600
19,176
23,270
28,305
23,346
27,250
35,510
26,261
27,915
23,783
30,802
38,399
32,805
34,640
35,795
35,820
33,073
27,838
27,374
28,310
29,712
31,055
35,815
36,887
30.040
21.7
19.2
16.2
14.0
14.9
38.5
42.1
36.2
35.6
13.7
36.0
37.4
33.9
36.9
36.6
37.4
36.3
35.0
36.8
36.7
35.6
34.1
3 0.6
28.0
20.2
25.2
2,754
3,442
5,918
8,030
12,061
13,511
13,075
15,319
10,351
11,614
13,190
13,069
13,458
15,682
17,336
15,313
14,808
12,297
9,547
9,204
10,541
10,165
10,686
11,704
11,222
11,088
1,778
2,129
3,825
6,073
8,607
0,637
9,236
10,604
7.809
8,380
9,279
8,805
0,241
10,060
11,808
10,017
9.809
8,044
6,799
0,029
7,318
7,165
7,642
0,890
9,348
8,880
472
1,394
2,812
4,198
7,151
7,550
6,998
7,371
3,062
6,812
7,358
6,414
6,298
7,716
8,554
6,883
7,406
5,437
3,660
3,340
3,890
3,475
3,102
2,804
3,087
3,263
2,282
2,048
3,106
3,838
4,9QQ
5, 902
6,077
7,948
6,383
4,802
6,832
6.864
7,160
7,906
8,782
8,431
7,402
0,800
6,886
6.864
6,641
0,090
7,688
8,900
8,135
7,835
1 Average for period July 1,1915, to Dec. 31, 1920. 1 Average for period July l, 1914, to Dec. 31, 1920,
Source: Prior to 1936, Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; thereafter,
Treasury Department, Bureau of Customs; records.

4 8 0 WATERWAYS, WATER TRAFFIC, AND SHIPPING
No. 5A1.— V essels E n te re d and C le a re d a t S eaports in F o re ig n T r a d e —•
N e t T onnage, by C o u n trie s op O rigin an d D e s tin a tio n : 1914 to 1939
N ote.—In thousands of net tons. Only traffic by sea is included. The first column covers th e period
July 1,1914, to Dec. 31, 1920; the others, calendar years. For deflintion of net tonnage see general note,
p. 468
COUNTRY
1914-
1990,
overage
1921-
m s ,
average
1926-
1030,
average
1031-
1035,
average
1936 1937 1938 1939
Total by sea:
Entered_______ ____ 87,804 62,959 63,708 54,928 55, 038 59, 980 IB, 293 57,973
Cleared........................ 89,417 63,678 64,441 55,214 55,381 61,177 60,064 59,219
Belgium:
Entered________________ 392 1,231 1, 500 1,068 1,172 1,270 1,177 1,070
Cleared........................ ......... 452 1,190 1,280 1,013 1,101 1, 106 1,074 903
Denmark:
Entered................................ 873 372 532 451 250 270 328 204
Cleared................................ 198 450 680 402 138 131 224 249
France:
E ntered ............ ........ ......... 2,251 1,953 2,321 2,027 .2,099 2, 506 2,708 2,347
Cleared.................................. 3,345 2,250 2,476 2,582 2,404 2,952 3,004 2, 526
Germany:
Entered................................ 290 2, m 3,818 3,806 3,310 3,718 3,591 2,020
Cleared.................................. 298 3,165 3,714 3,236 2,901 2,909 3,008 1,059
Italy:
Entered................................. 2,171 1, 707 2,101 1,900 1,590 1,900 1,849 1,805
Cleared................................ 2,489 1, 980 2,023 1,809 1, 672 1,899 1,048 1,987
Netherlands:
Entered....... .......................... 1, 201 1, 654 2,081 1,38Q 1,418 2,074 2,553 2,534
Cleared...................... ........... 1,459 1,464 1,499 1,050 1,066 1, 503 1,953 1,949
Norway:
Entered................................. 821 384 300 370 401 405 641 841
Cleared______ __________ 830 412 301 260 303 331 430 543
Spain:
Entered................................. 838 608 850 674 587 341 254
190 m 612 597 468 113 188
Sweden:
Entered................................. 240 504 681 096 891 957 1,040 1,026
Cleared................................. 140 353 498 412 672 630 756 858
United Kingdom:
Entered................................. 8,765 9,378 10,614 6,087 6,936 6,689 7,623 6,589
Cleared.................................. 8,164 8,647 10,577 6,147 5,726 6,220 6,378 5,698
Canada:
Atlantic coast—
Entered.................. -......... 1,092 1,201 1,007 2,265 2,181 2,365 1,822 1,935
Cleared........................... 1,007 1,331 1,709 2,267 2,420 2,641 2,312 2,458
British Columbia, Yutam—
Entered............................ 3,117 4,571 6,019 6,682 5,039 5,487 5,871 11,902
Cleared____________ __ 3,094 4,673 6,550 6,878 0,364 0,085 6,334 12,005
Central America:1
Entered...................... ........... 1,535 1,734 2,301 2,368 2,459 2,349 2,616 3,046
Cleared................................ 1,610 1,840 2,602 2,801 2,956 8,351 3,513 4,337
Mexico:
Entered________________ 3,788 8.100 2,840 1,548 2,227 2,131 1,739 1,709
Cleared................................ 3,727 8,301 2,802 1,765 2,302 2; 347 1,846 1,082
British West Indies, Bermudas,
and British Honduras:
Entered _____________ — 564 1,361 1,076 3,210 2,776 3,073 3,348 3,081
Cleared__________ ____ _ 642 1,435 2,210 3,400 3,141 3,008 3,920 3,635
Cuba:
E ntered.................... ........... 3,450 4,760 5,875 5,436 6,229 5,052 4,708 4, m
Cleared_________ _______ 3,560 4,650 6,832 5,292 5,188 5,638 4,368 4,02S
Dominican Republic:
Entered___________ _____ 345 380 713 688 698 636 451 42£
Cleared_________________ 404 449 920 903 090 658 543 m
Haiti:
Entered__________ ______ 108 106 220 176 113 349 251 238
Cleared_________________ 186 230 204 188 189 200 225 255
Argentina:
Entered_______ — .......... 633 1,006 066 499 833 1,145 064 771
Olearod___________ _____ 762 707 007 358 408 468 451 61C
Brazil:
Entered............... ................. 650 562 918 803 708 426 512 861
Cleared................................. 841 913 1,262 924 1,083 1,194 1,158 1, 23(
Chile:
Entered................................. 858 976 1,887 545 840 005 1,046 1,045
Cleared............................... 797 • 703 1,058 507 676 665 608 661
Colombia:
Entered................................. 231 144 968 1,056 663 078 526 61<
Cleared.................................. 218 226 066 1,015 1,104 1,048 1,053 1,001
British India, British Malaya,
and Ceylon:
Entered.................. . ............ 347 576 833 704 707 698 591 63:
Cleared................................ 204 330 428 280 273 204 256 281
*Not including British Honduras.

TONNAGE- ENTERED AND .CLEARED 481
No. 54:1.— V e s s e l s E n t e r e d a n d C l e a r e d a t S e a p o r t s i n F o r e i g n T r a d e —
N e t T o n n a g e , b y C o u n t r i e s o f O r i g i n a n d D e s t i n a t i o n : 1914 t o 1939—
Continued
COUNTRY
1014-
1920,
average
1921-
1925,
average
1926-
1930,
average
1931-
1935,
average
1936 1937 1938 1939
Chinn, Hong Kong, and
Kwantung:
Entered________________ 619 069 1,044 827 797 921 653 949
Cleared................................. 470 963 804 662 228 416 263 379
Japan;
Entered............................ — 733 1,607 2,320 2,160 2,651 3,050 2,881 2,913
Cleared................................. 700 2,106 3,284 3,816 4,374 5,460 4,441 4,839
Philippine Islands:
Entered____ ___________ 132 408 611 1,012 984 1,079 1,048 966
Cleared.............. ........... ...... 124 369 603 460 541 494 624 779
Oceania:
Entered____ ___________ 379 609 931 778 854 783 706 585
Cleared________________ 567 046 1,396 831 770 7 52 766 660
All other countries:
Entered................................ 2,004 3,165 6,049 6,077 • 0,730 8,144 8,0G1 2,913
Cleared................................. 1,938 3,140 6,913 6,388 6,173 8,033 8,181 2,900
N o. 542.—Vessels Entered and Cleared at Seaports in F oreign T rade—
N et T onnage, by N ationality of Vessel: 1914 to 1939
N ote.—In thousands ol net tons. Only traffic by sea and to and from foreign countries is included. The
largo trado with Canada on the Great Lakes and the St, Lawrence is handled about equally by vessels
ot the United States and of the British (Canadian) flag. See tables 539 and 640 in which the columns
for northern border represent trade with Quebec and Ontario. For periods covered see note, table 641
1914-
1920,
average
1921-
1925,
average
m e ­
mo,
average
1931-
1935,
average
1936 1937 1038 1930
Total by sea:
Entered....................... 37,804 52,969 63,768 64,923 65,038 59.980 59,223 57,973
Cleared-.*-.............. 39,417 53, 578 64,441 55,214 55,331 61,177 60,064 69,219
American: ——- . - —= S ^ = = = = = = = = = = = — ~ = = = = = = =
E ntered..- ................ ......... 13,327 22,620 23,182 19,855 17,510 16,747 15,899 14,553
Cleared................... ............. 14,171 22,656 23,338 19,653 10,967 17,134 15,742 14,903
Total foreign:
Entored________________ 24,276 30,433 40,586 35,074 37,528 43,2 8 3 43.324 43,420
Cleared-................... —........ 26,246 31,022 41,102 35,561 38,414 44,013 44,322 44,315
Entored................................ 209 332 374 274 246 302 292 372
Cleared...................... ......... 283 343 370 269 245 208 289 371
British:
Entered............................... 14,168 16,807 20,180 15,270 16,030 17,104 16,400 15,129
Cleared___________ ____ 14,755 17,064 20,291 15,373 16,210 17,170 16,466 15,159
Danish:
Entored............................... 774 020 1,138 917 1,007 1,030 1, 357 1,402
Cleared................................. 795 928 1,168 002 1,047 1,010 1,341 1,515
Dutch;
Entered................................ 1,007 1,300 1,708 1,634 1,884 2,177 2,511 3,123
Cleared................................. 1,055 1, 292 1,809 1, 627 1,918 2, 223 2,528 3,029
French:
Entered......................... ...... 876 1, 492 1,870 1, 662 2,068 2.438 2,300 1,940
Cleared............................... 919 1,818 1,005 1, 694 2,094 2, 407 2,369 1,922
German:
Entered__ _____________ 107 847 2,654 3,260 3,298 3,507 3,543 2 ,089
Cleared.......................... ...... 70 870 2,736 3, 280 3,359 3,000 3,577 2,141
Italian:
Entered................................ 1,211 1,490 2,175 1,708 1,405 2,120 2,047 1,957
Cleared.--—........................ 1,366 1,560 2,150 1,800 1,421 2,118 2,116 1,082
Japanese:
Entered................................ 1,090 2 ,059 2,618 2, 473 2,676 2,804 2,852 3,419
Cleared................................ 1,046 2,235 2,741 2, 682 3,035 3,272 3,183 3,866
Norwegian:
Entered.............................. 2,744 2,817 4,026 4,072 5,619 7,018 7,370 7,719
Cleared................................. 2,822 2,784 4,136 4,178 5,786 7,155 7,549 7,938
Spanish:
fiOfl 480 571 459 410 41 98
637 487 586 457 407 44 106
Swedish:
Entered................................ 353 564 985 1,013 1,164 1.171 1,275 1,410
Cleared................................. 367 566 1,006 1,017 1,157 1,192 1,809 1,463
All other foreign:
Entered........................... 1,062 1,317 2,190 2,252 2,735 3,515 3,257 4.762
Cleared................................ 1,122 1,366 2,206 2,281 2,744 4,145 3,595 4,833
Source of tables 541 and 542: Prior to 1030, Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and PqmQSttq
Commerce; thereafter, Treasury Department, Bureau o| Customs; records.

4 8 2 WATERWAYS, WATER TRAEEiC, AND SHIPPING
N o . 5 4 3 .— E x p o r t s ( I n c l u d i n g R e e x p o r t s ) a n d I m p o r t s o p M e r c h a n d i s e —
V a l u e , b y M e t h o d o p C a r r i a g e : 1830 t o 1035
Note.—All figures except percentages expressed in millions of dollars. Figures coyer fiscal years ended
Sept. 30, 1330 and 1810, and Juno 30, 1850 to 1016, calendar years thereafter. No data compiled for
years subsequent to 1935
Y E A R L Y AV­
E R A G E O R
YEAR
Total
EX PO R TS (IN C LU D IN G R E E X P O R T S )
Total
by
water
In
American
vessels
In
foreign
vessels
By
cars,
aircrait, Total
etc. *
Total
by
water
IM P O R T S
In
American
vessels
In
foreign
vessels
By
c a r s ,
a i r c r a f t ,
etc. i
W A T E R
B O R N E — P E R ­
C E N T I N
A M E R IC A N
V E S S E L S
Exports
Im ­
p o r t s
1830*.......... 74 74 64 10 o) 71 71 661 6 5') 80.6 93.1
1840*.......... 132 132 106 27 m 107 107 98 14 W 80.0 87.6
1850*.......... 152 152 100 62 m 178 178 140 30 (■) 65.5 78.4
I860'.......... 400 400 279 121 h 302 862 228 134 c» 70.0 63.0
187f>».......... 451 451 170 281 V) 462 462 153 t o W .l
1871-1875*- 686 578 157 422 8 599 584 170 414 16 27.1 36.1
1870-1880'.. 711 704 142 60S 7 514 501 147 354 lc 20.2 29.3
1881-1886... 792 773 10C 073 19 667 640 13G 517 21 12. S 20.1
1886-1890— 738 714 It m 25 717 685 122 563 33 10. fl 17.8
1891-1895... 89! 851 73 778 4! 785 748 125 623 86 8.6 16.7
1896-1900— 1,157 . 1,079 78 1,001 79 742 708 101 604 36 7. 2 14.4
1901-1905... 1,454 1,816 97 1,218 138 972 009 122 787 63 7.4 13.5
1906-1910__ 1,77£ 1, 67C 128 1,44S 203 1,346 1,262 150 1,103 8£ 8,1 12.0
1911-1916... 2,371 2,042 187 1,802 322 1,712 1, 590 198 1,392 i2a 9.1 12.5
1915-1920*.. 6,515 5,712 1,656 4,156 803 3,358 2,961 978 1,084 397 27.2 33.0
1921-1925— 4,307 3,788 1,406 2,383 600 3,460 3,013 078 2,035 437 37.1 32.6
1026-1930__ 4,777 3,983 1,382 2,600 795 4,033 3,609 1,120 2,380 621 34.7 32.2
1931-1035... 2,025 1,742 617 1,126 284 1,708 1,507 538 070 200 35.4 35.8
1924............ 4,501 4,010 1,532 2,478 581 3,619 3,145 1,012 2,133 466 38.2 32.1
1925............ 4,910 4,224 1,473 2,761 6 8 6 4,227 3,716 1,151 2,665 510 34.9 31.0
1926............ 4,809 4,050 1,401 2.649 759 4,431 3,891 1,196 2.696 6 4 0 34.6 30,7
1927............ 4,865 4,097 1,434 2,663 768 4,185 3,602 1,215 2,447 623 35.0 33.2
1928______ 5,128 4,277 1,472 2,804 851 4,091 3,560 1,133 2,418 541 34,4 31.9
1929______ 5,241 4,322 1,487 2,835 920 4,399 3,807 1,205 2,002 592 34.4 31.6
1930............ 3,843 3,168 1,117 2,051 676 3,001 2,635 898 1,737 426 35.3 34.1
1931............ 2,424 2,048 732 1,311 382 2.091 1,829 619 1,210 262 35.8 33.8
1932............ 1, 611 1,385 47£ 90C 226 1,32a 1,164 431 734 158 34.4 37.0
1933............ 1,675 1,471 516 056 204 1,469 1,287 461 826 162 35.0 35.8
1934........... 2,133 1,837 65E 1,17E 296 1,636 1,446 528 917 190 36.8 36.5
1935............ 2,283 1, 973 705 1,268 310 2,039 1,813 040 1,164 226 35.8 35.8
TOTAL WATER-BORNE EXPORTS AND IMPORTS COMBINED
y e a r l y A V ­
E R A G E O R
Y E A R
Total
In
American
vessels
In
foreign
vessels
Per
cent in
American
vessels
YEARLY
AVERAGE OR
YEAR
Total
In
American
vessels
In
foreign
vessels
Per*
oent in
American
vessels
1830’........—
1840'— —
1850'............
1860 >............
1870'............
1871-1875 «...
1876-1880 >—
1881-1885.-..
1880-1890— -
1801-1895-----
1890-1900— .
1901-1905----
1906-1910—
1911-1915----
1915-1920'- — *
145. 130 15 89.7 1921-1925___ 0,801 2,883 4,418 35.0
239 198 41 82.3 1926-1030___ 7,492 2,611 4,980 33.5
330 239 91 72.5 1931-1035___ 3,240 1,155 2,095 35.6
762 507 255 60.5
913 323 590 35.6 1024............... 7,155 2,544 4. 611 85.7
1925.............. 7,940 2,624 5,310 33.0
1,162 m •m *0.6
1,206 289 917 28.9 1926 . 7,941 2,690 5,346 34.0
1,419 229 1,100 10.2 1927 ............... 7,769 2,649 5,110 34.1
1,398 198 1,200 14.1
1928 .................... 7,827 .................... 2,605 5, 222 33.3
1,698 198 1,400 12.4
1920............... 8,129 2,692 5,437 33.1
1030_______ 6,803 2,016 3,788 34.7
1,784 179 1,005 10.0 1931............... 3.871 1,351 2,520 34.9
2,225 220 2,005 9.9 1932............... 2,549 907 1,643 35.6
2,838 287 2,552 10.1 1933............... 2,758 976 1,782 35.4
3,630 385 3, 254 10.6 1934............... 3, 283 1,186 2,007 36.1
8,673 2,584 6,140 29.2 1935............... 3, 786 1,354 2,482 86.8
i Exports include pared post beginning 1921; Imports, beginning 1921,
i Includes gold end silver coin and bullion to 1879, inclusive.
1 Included in American and foreign vessels.
* Average tot period Inly 1,1015, to Dec. 81,1920.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; Foreign Commerce and
Navigation of tbe United States, 1035 and earlier editions.

n. FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE UNITED STATES
General Note.—All statistics In this section, except table MO and the figures for recent years in table 574,
are compiled by the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Statistics
of United States foreign trade are published annually in Foreign Commorcc and Navigation of the
United States and are published currently In Monthly Summary of Foreign Commerce of the United
States and in mimeographed statements. Except as noted (as, for example, in table 572) the values
stated are in United States dollars without reference to changes In the gold content of the dollar. (The
statutory price of gold—$20.07 per ounce—in effect prior to Jan. 31, 1034, was changed on that dato by
Executive Order to $35 per ounce. Between Mar. 10, 1033, and Jan. 31,1034, the foreign exchange value
of the dollar was permitted to depreciate as a result of restriction placed on gold shipments to foreign
countries.) The geographic area covered by these statistics, except as noted, is the united States customs
area, which Includes Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico, and, beginning Jan. 1, 11135, the Virgin
Islands (see hoadnote, table 545). Other explanations of the trade tobies arc givon in the introduction
to the annual report, Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the United States
N o . 5 4 4 .'— F o r e i g n T r a d e o f t e e U n i t e d S t a t e s — S u m m a ry : 1921 t o 1939
N ote.—Values In thousands of dollars. Data are for calendar years
1931-1925,
average
1920-1930,
average
1931-1935,
average
1936 1037 1938 1939
Merchandise:
Exports.......................... 4,397,027 4,777,314 2,026,196 2,465,978 3,349,167 3.094,440 3,177,176
United States metchandise_________
4,310,221 4,687,788 1,988,014 2,418,969 3,298,929 3,057,169 3,123,343
Reexports of foreign
merchandise______ 86,806 89,520 36,281 37,009 60,238 37,271 53,834
General imports_______ 3,460,103 4,033,489 1,713,102 2,422,562 3,083,668 1,980,428 2,318,081
Exoess of exports....___ 040,934 743,845 312,093 33,386 265,499 1, 134,012 859,095
Gold:
Exnorts ............ . 82,736 222,094 339,639 27,634 48,020 (,889 508
Imports___ __________ 347,486 266,628 819,266 1,144,117 1,631, 523 1,979.458 3, 574,659
Excess of exnorts (+) or
imports (—)__ ______ -264,080 -33,434 -479,717 -1,116,684 -1,685,503 -1,973,509 -3 , 574,151
Silver:
Exports 70,174 78,666 18,948 111,666 12,042 7,082 14,630
Imports 00,400 69,898 113,169 182,816 91,877 230,531 85,307
Excess of exports (+) or
imports ( - ) .................
+9,766 +18,068 -94,213 >-170,861 -79,836 -223,449 -70,677
Exoess of exports (+) or
imports (—) ofmerchandisc,
gold and silver___ +692,003 ' +729,078 -261,838 1-1,254,049 -1,399,839 -1,063,006 -2,785,733
Imports of merchandise
for consumption.......... 3,422,748 4,020,3(0 1, 704,294 2,423,977 3,009,8(2 1,949,624 2, 276,099
Entered for Immediate
consum ption.....___ 3,060,279 3,602,947 1,490,613 2,094,087 2,013,867 1,060,281 1, 918. 359
Withdrawn from warehouse...........................
372,460 417,403 207,081 328,990 305,086 283,343 357, 740
2,088,032 2,646,610 1,076,585 1 1,384,037 1,705,248 1,182,696 I, 397,280
D utiable...................... 1,333,816 1,374,740 628,709 11,039,040 1,244,005 706,929 878,819
Percent free................... 61.03 05,81 63.11 57.1S 58.65 00.66 61.39
Duties calculated........... 478,911 660,743 314,477 408,127 470,609 301,375 328,034
Ratio of duties to total imports
for consumption,
13.99 13.70 18.45 16.84 15.03 15.46 14.41
Ratio to dutiable imports. 36.00 40.06 50.02 39.28 37.80 39.30 37.33
Entered for warehouse__ 309,824 430,621 216,488 327,604 409,801 294,147 399,722
1 Revised.
Source: See general note.
483

484 FOREIGN COMMEBOE
No. 5 4 5 .— M e r c h a n d i s e T r a d e o f C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s W i t h
T o r s i o n C o u n t r i e s a n d O u t l y i n g T e r r i t o r i e s a n d P o s s e s s i o n s : 1903 t o 1939
I m p o r t a n t N o t e .—This table differs as to its g eo g ra p h ic b a s is fro m a ll o th e r fo reig n tr a d e t a b l e s i n t h is
section and in other publications: (1) In the case of other tables the data represent the trade of th e “ statistical
customs area,” which includes continental United States, Alaska, Hawaii, and P u erto Rico,
and, beginning Jan. 1, 1935, Virgin Islands, with all foreign countries, including the Philippine and,
prior to 1935, Virgin Islands. The data do not cover trade between continental United States a n d the
territories included in the customs area as given above. (2) The present table takes continental U nited
States as the basis. In the totals, trade between it and all United States territories and possessions
is included, while the trade between that part of the customs area outside of continental U nited States
and foreign countries is excluded. Practically all other nations calculate their foreign trade in th e m anner
followed in the present tabic; that is, totaling the trade of the home oountry with foreign countries and
with all outlying areas. Prior to 1901 Alaska was our only outlying area. Therefore, our foreign trade
statistics for 1900 and earlier years very nearly represent the trade of continental United S tates with
foreign countries. Data are for years ended June 30 through 1018; thereafter, for years ended D ec. 31
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
EXPORTS■ , IMPORTS
YEARLY AVERAGE OR YEAR
T o ta l
T o foreign
c o u n tries
T o U . S.
te r r ito ­
r ie s a n d
p o ssessions
T o ta l
F r o m
fo re ig n
c o u n trie s
F r o m
U . S.
t e r r i t o ­
r i e s a n d
p o s s e s ­
s i o n s
1903-1905.....................................................
ie o a -i9 io ......................................................
1911-1915......................................................
1015-19201...................................................
1921-1925......................................................
1925-1930.....................................................
1931-1935.....................................................
1928 ..............................................
1929 ........................ ...... ............. ...................
1030......... ......................................................
1931................................................................
1032................................................................
1933 ..............................................
1934 ..............................................
1036................................................................
1036............................... - ..............................
1937 ............................................
1938 .- ...........................................
1939 ..............................................
1,495,616
1,829,286
2,441,254
0,656,126
4,552,455
4,961,994
2, 172,705
5,311,007
5,425,699
4,024,538
2,582,237
1,735,136
1,802,240
2,281,695
2,462, 513
2,060,015
3,584,892
3,317,903
3,409,213
1.466, 132
1,761,625
2,337,691
6,462,639
4,336,341
4,694, 506
1,973,634
5,038,693
6,147,086
3,771,465
2,370,409
1,562,961
1,626,846
2,080,990
2,220,916
2,391,823
3,269,423
3,004,131
3,073,619
39,484
67,661
103,664
203,587
217,114
267,488
190,131
272,314
278,613
253,083
211,708
172,185
176,401
200,705
235,697
274,192
325,469
313,772
335,594
1, 090, 704
1,410,329
1,311,234
3,596, 084
3,660,280
4,270,498
1,913,075
4,349,314
4,026,145
3,287,534
2,307, 185
1,407,304
1,039,694
1, 863, 046
2,258,087
2, 698, 681
3,360,349
2,181,571
2,549,199
1,020,341
1,324, 594
1,681,207
8,274,496
8,361, 378
3,890, 500
1,010, 686
3 ,951,050
4,251,077
2,029,978
1, 987,340
1,220, 203
1,344,933
1, 554,327
1,937, 537
2,306,102
2,938,175
1,840,602
2 ,211,884
1Including reexports of foreign merchandise. 3 Period July 1,1015, to Dec. 31,1920.
Source: See general note, p. 483.
6 4 ,4 2 3
86,7 3 4
1 3 0 ,0 2 7
3 2 1 , 588
2 9 8 ,0 0 2
3 7 3 ,9 9 2
3 0 2 ,3 8 9
3 9 8 ,2 6 4
3 7 4 ,0 0 8
3 5 7 ,6 6 0
3 1 9 ,8 4 6
2 6 8 ,0 7 1
2 9 4 ,7 6 1
3 0 8 , 718
3 2 0 , 650
3 9 2 ,4 7 9
4 2 2 ,1 7 4
3 3 1 ,9 6 9
3 3 7 ,3 1 5
No. 5 4 6 .— G o l d 1 U n d e r E a r m a r k f o r F o r e i g n A c c o u n t i n t h e
S t a t e s : 1926 t o 1939
U n i t e d
N o t e .—All figures in thousands of dollars a t rate of 920.87 a fine ounce through January 1934 a n d a t 935
a fine ounce thereafter. Gold under earmark is gold placed by a bank in the custody of its foreign correspondent
but segregated and marked so as to indicate that the identical coins or bars earm arked are
the bank's property and altogether sub]ect to Us disposal *
TEAR
Increase or
decrease
during
year of
gold under
earmark1
MONTH
AMOUNT UNDER EARMARK AT END OF MONTH
1934 .1935 1936 1937 1938 1039
1Q9K +26,297 January_____ 46,874 7,886 10,546 143,019 206,325 614,481
1

INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS 485
N o. 54:7.— B a l a n c e o f I n t e r n a t i o n a l P a y m e n t s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s :
1938 a n d 1939
[In m illions of dollars]
1938 (REVISED) 1939
ITEM
Trade and service items:
Miscellaneous services..................................
Gold and silver:
Capital item s:8
Movement o! short-term banking lunds
Receipts
from foreigners
for "exports”
(credits)
3,004
61
118
166
40
549
34
189
Payments
to foreigners
for "imports”
(debits)
1,900
43
104
532
102
38
190
98
07
Net
credits
(+) or
debits
H
+1,134
+18
-40
-806
-112
-38
+363
-04
+122
Receipts
from foreigners
for "exports"
(credits)
8,177
64
125
170
Payments
to foreigners
for "im ­
ports"
(debits)
2,318
44
249
45
531
82
147
469
144
43
211
96
59
N et
credits
(+) or
debits
( - )
+859
+20
-124
-290
-9 9
-4 3
+820
-6 4
+88
4,261 3, 250 + 1 ,0 0 1 4,291 3,633 +658
6 1,979 -1,973
+333
1 3,575 -3 , 574
-(-534
-1,640
7 231 -224 14 85
1,724 1,701 +23
-3,040
- 7 1
- 1 , 8 8 4 - 3 , 111
+296
- 3
+ 1 6
1,624 1, 510 + 1 1 4
+1, US
+89
+117
+ 3 3 1 + 1 , 4 1 8
+632 +1,037
i The item consists roughly of 3 parts: (X) Commodity exports and imports which are omitted entirely
from the official trade figures (e. g., bunker-fuel purchases and sales); (2) exports or imports which are
partly omitted from official trade data (e. g., goods smuggled into the country); (3) corrections of certain
recorded trade figures for balance-of-payments purposes (e. g., allowances for bad-dobt losses).
* Including receipts on account of inter-governmental debts.
i Capital items are viewed as “exports" and “imports” of evidences of indebtedness.
i The item covers the movement of funds in security transactions as reported by the Treasury Department
(net inflow of $70,000,000 in 1938 and net outflow of $2,000,000 in 1939) and othor transactions, the more
Important of which affected direct investments.
*The item covers the net movement of capital in short-term banking funds and in brokerage balances as
reported by the Treasury Department ($293,000,000 in 1038 and $1,110,000,000 in 1939) and the net change
in Philippine Government accounts with the United States Treasury.
Source; See general note, p. 483. Figures published in special report.
N o. 54:8.-— E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s o f G o ld , b y M o n th s ; 1934 t o 1939
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
MONTH
1934 1935 1030 1937 1938 1939
Ex- Im- Ex- Im- Ex- Im- Ex- Im- Ex- im - Ex- Imports
ports ports ports ports ports ports ports ports ports ports ports
January............ 4,715 1,947 303 149,755 338 45,981 ll 121, 330 5,087 7,155 81 156, 427
51 452,622 4C122,817 23,637 7,002 120, 326 174 8,211 15 223,296
March.............. 44 237,380 540 13,543 2,315 7,795 39 164,371 20 62,947 53 365, 436
April................. 37 54,786 62 148,670 51 28,106 13 216,825 145 71.236 231 008,027
M ay................. 1,780 35,302 40 140,065 5169,957 4 165,366 212 52, 987 36 429,440
June....... -____ 6,586 70,201 166 230,538 77277,851 81 202,103 131 56,438 19 240,460
July.................. 114 52,460 5t 16,287 695 16,074 206 175, 624 05 63,880 9 278, 045
August.............. 14,556 51,781 102 46,085 32 67,524 160 105,013 17 105.990 13 259, 034
September....... 22,255 3,586 86 156.805 42 171,866 120 145, 623 11 520,907 15 320. 089
October—......... 2,173 13,010 76 315,424 117 218.929 232 90,709 16 602,382 15 89, 740
November........ 310 121,199 242 210.810 127 75.962 30,084 52.194 14 177.782 10, 107,901
December........ 140 62,240 170 190,180 99 57,070 15,052 33,033 16 240,542 11 451,183
Source: See general note, p. 483.

4 8 6 FOREIGN COMMERCE
No. 549.— E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s o p S i l v e r , b y M o n t h s : 1934 t o 1 9 3 9
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
1034 1636 1930 1937 1638 1936
MONTH
Im ­
ports
Im ­
ports
E x ­
p o r t s
January........... 859 3,693 1,248 19,085 11,753 58,483 2,112 2,840 355 28,708 1, 6 7 1 10,328
February-....... 734 2,128 1,601 16,351 >1,841 17,530 1,811 14,080 233 15,488 2. 0 5 4 0,027
March............. m 1,823 3,128 20j842 *2,337 8,115 1,546 5,589 191 14, 440 L 9 2 3 7,207
April................ 1,425 1,955 1,593 11,002 535 4,400 1,008 2,821 250 15,767 2, 0 6 4 7,143
May................. 1,638 4,435 2,885 13,501 203 4,980 1,841 3,165 317 17, 962 6 1 1 0,152
June................. 2,404 5,431 1,717 10,444 197 23,981 1,144 6,025 254, 19,180 3 0 3 14,770
July................ 1,789 2,458 1,547 30,230 138 0,574 214 4,476 193 18,320 6 4 0 5,631
August............. 1,741 21,926 2,009 30,820 143 16,637 278 4,964 401 4,985 0 3 7 4,305
September....... 1,424 20,831 1,472 45,689 11,704 8,303 285 8,427 1,463 24,008 1 ,2 0 2 4,636
October............ 1,102 14,425 200 48,868 U,408 26,031 380 5,701 1,259 25,072 1 .7 7 3 7,268
November....... 1,608 15,011 612 60,065 >1,611 4,461 527 10,033 823 24,987 4 8 7 4,183
December........ 1,014 8,711 769 47,603 >536 2,207 230 23,151 1,344 21,633 8 8 7 3,795
Revised.
No. 550.—E xports (Including R eexports) and G e n e ra l I m p o r t s o p
M erchandise, by M onths: 1935 to 1940
[All figures in millions and tenths of millions of dollars. For monthly data for earlier years s e e the 1938
and earlier editions of the Statistical Abstract]
MONTH
1935 1936 1937 1638 1639 1949
Im ­
ports
E x ­
p o r t s
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
January........... 176.2 160,8 m e 187.5 222.7 240.4 289.1 170.7 212.9 178.2 300. 7 242.0
February......... 163.0 152.5 182.0 102.8 233.1 277.7 201.9 103.0 218.7 158.1 3 4 7 .0 190.0
March.............. 185,0 177.4 195.1 108,7 250.0 307.5 275.3 173.4 207.8 190.6 3 5 1 .3 216.8
April................ 104.2 170,6 102.8 202.8 208.9 280.8 274.6 159.8 231.0 180.3 324. O 212.4
May................. 165.5 170.5 200.8 101.7 280.0 284.7 257.3 148.2 249.5 202.5 3 2 5 . 4 211.3
June................. 170.2 156.8 185.7 191.1 205.3 286.2 232.7 145.9 236.2 178.9 350. 2 211.4
July.................. 173.2 176.6 180.4 195.1 208.2 265.2 227.5 140.8 229.6 168.9 317. O 232.3
August............. 172.1 109.0 179.0 103.1 277.0 245.7 230.8 165.5 250.1 175.6 ___
September___ 198.8 161.6 220.5 215.7 290.6 233.1 240.3 167.6 289.0 181.5 __ _____
October______ 221.3 189.4 204.9 212.7 332.7 224.3 277.7 178.0 332.0 215.3 _____
November....... 269.8 109,4 226.4 196.4 314.7 223.1 252.4 176.2 292.5 235.5
December........ 223.5 187.0 229.8 246.2 323.4 208.8 268.0 171.3 368.0 246.8 —
No. 5 5 1 .— E x p o r t a b l e G o o d s , P r o d u c t i o n a n d P r o p o r t i o n E x p o r t e d :
1909 t o 1937
Note.—Agricultural production is gross income, excluding feed, seed, and waste. Value added b y inanufac*
turo represents manufactures. Value of mine products In 1909 ana 1919 are census figures, in 1029 census
data plus petroleum products, while estimates for other years are based on data of the B u re a u , of Mines.
As the figures are not adjusted for price changes, the increase or decrease in absolute values f r o m period
to period should be disregarded
[Amounts in millions of dollars]
YEAR
Agricultural
products
Manufactures
Mining
Freight
receipts
(railroad)
Total
E x p o rts,
Tf.S.
m erchandise
Percent
of total
1909............................................ 0,238 8,102 1,238 11,801 17,469 1,701 9.7
1919............................................ 16,035 23,770 3,158 3,625 47,488 7,750 10.3
1921............................................ 8,927 17,303 2,900 4,004 33,134 4,379 13.2
1 9 2 3 ....................................... 11,041 24,630 4,300 4,712 44,083 4,091. 9,2
1925............................................ 12,800 25.732 4,100 4,648 47,280 4,819 10.2
1927........................................... 12,437 26,426 4,000 4,729 47,692 4, 759 10.0
1929............................................ 12,791 30,737 4,100 4,899 62,627 5,157 9.8
1931............................................ 7,397 18,001 2,200 3,302 31,500 2,378 7.5
1933........................................... 6,273 14,008 1,800 2,529 24,610 1,047 0.7
1935^......................................... 8,115 18,553 2,000 2,831 32,099 2,243 7.0
1937 > ...................................... 10,181 25,174 3,800 3,428 42,583 3,200 7.7
1Mean of preceding and following fiscal year.
1 Latest year for which complete production data are available. The estimated p ro p o rtio n exported
in 1938 was 9 percent and in 1939,8 percent.
Source of tables 549,550, and 551: See general note, p. 483.

FOREIGN COMMERCE 487
No. 5 5 2 .— E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s o f M e r c h a n d i s e : 1701 t o 1039
N o t e .— A H figures in thousands of dollars. For basis o f dollar values, see general note, p . 4 8 3 . Figures
are for fiscal years ended Sept. 30, 1791 to 1842, and June 3 0 , 1 8 4 3 to 1 9 1 5 ; calendar years thereafter. For
oalendar years 1 9 0 0 - 1 9 1 5 an d fiscal years 1 9 2 5 - 4 0 , seo table 6 5 4 . For total exports and imports by years
prior to 1 8 9 5 , see table 5 5 5 . Figures include gold and silver prior to 1 8 2 1
YEARLY AVERAGE OR YEAR
T o ta l
EXPORTS
TJ. S . m e r­
c h a n d is e
R eex ­
p o rts
G e n e ra l
Im p o rts
T o ta l exp
o r ts a n d
im p o rts
E x cess o f
e x p o rts ( + )
o r im p o rts
( - )
1791-1800.......................................... ............ 46,774 27,740 19,034 59,185 105.959 -1 2 ,4 1 1
1801-1810....................................................... 74,532 38,178 36,354 92,706 187,298 - i a 2 3 4
1811-1820....................................................... 68,989 40,270 12,710 80,812 139,801 -2 1 ,8 2 3
1821-1830....................................................... 00,421 53,221 16,200 72,940 142,370 - 3 ,5 2 8
1831-1840....................................................... 103,550 88,168 15,332 110,520 223,070 -1 5 ,9 7 0
1841-1850 i............................................... 122,620 114,894 7,72 7 121,1 2 8 243,743 + 1 ,4 0 8
1861-1860...................................................... 248,887 232,283 16,604 284,475 533,362 -3 5 ,5 8 8
1861-1866....................................................... 187,811 170,198 17,613 255,439 443,250 -0 7 ,6 2 8
1860-1870................................................ 320,842 307,606 13,140 408,295 729, 137 « -8 7 ,4 5 8
1871-1875....................................................... 601,841 486,128 15,713 577,873 1,079,714 -7 0 ,0 3 2
1870-1880....................................................... 676,761 663,850 13, 111 492,570 1,169,331 +184,191
1881-1885....................................................... 791,802 774,007 17,285 607,142 1,459,034 +124,750
1886-1800-.................................................. 738,370 725,685 12,604 717,231 1,455,610 + 21,148
1891-1805....................................................... 892,421 876,326 16.005 785,137 1,677,568 + 107,284
1890-1900.................- .................................... 1,157,818 1,136,030 21,279 741,5x9 1,898,837 + 4 1 S 799
1001-1905.................. .................................... 1,453,803 1,427,020 20,783 072,162 2.425,905 +481,641
1900-1010................ ...................................... 1,778,697 1,750,980 27,717 1,344,838 3.123.535 + 433,859
1911-1915......................... ............................. 2,370,589 2,331,648 88,891 1,712,319 4,082,858 + 658.220
1915-1920 >..................................... - ............ fl, 621,190 6,416,513 104,677 3.358,354 9,879,645 + 3 ,1 6 2 ,8 3 0
1921-1925................................ ...................... 4,397,027 4,310,221 86,806 3,450,103 7,847,129 +940,924
1926-1930.............................. ........................ 4,777,314 4,687,788 89,526 4 , 0 3 3 ,4 0 9 8,810,782 + 743,845
1931-1935...................................................... 2,025,106 1,988,914 36.281 1,713,102 3,738.290 + 312,093
1895............................. - ...................- ............ 807,638 793,893 14,145 731,970 1,639,508 + 7 5 , 668
1896.................................................................. 882,607 863.201 19,406 779,726 1,662,332 + 102,882
1897.................................................................. 1.050.094 1,032,008 18,986 764,730 1,815,724 + 286,264
1808.................................................................. 1,231,482 1,210,292 21,190 616,050 1,847,532 -615,432
1890................................................... 1,227,023 1,203,931 23,092 607,148 1,924,171 - -529,875
1000.................................................. 1,394,483 1,370,764 23,719 849,041 2,244,424 +644,542
1901................................................... 1.487,765 1,400,463 27,302 823.172 2,310,937 H064.592
1902................................................... 1.381,719 1.355,482 20,237 903,321 2,285,040 -478,398
1003................................................... 1,420,142 1,392,232 27,910 1,025,719 2,445,861 '394.423
1904....................................... - ......... 1,460,827 1,436,179 25,648 001,087 2,451,014 •469,740
1905................................................ 1, 518,662 1,491,746 20,817 1,117,513 2,636,075 1-401,049
1900............................... ................... 1,743,865 1,717,954 25,911 1,220,602 2,970,427 f-517,303
1907....................................... ........... 1, 880,851 1,863,718 27,133 1,434,421 3,315,272 -440,430
1008................................................... 1,860,773 1,834,780 25,987 1.194,342 3,055,116 •666,431
1909.................................................. 1,663,011 1,688,358 24,655 1,311,920 2,974, 931 L3S1,0»1
1910......................................- ........ 1,744,085 1,710,084 34,901 1,556,947 3,301,932 -188,038
1011................................................... 2.049,320 2,013,549 35,771 1,527,226 3,676,546 [-522,094
1912................................................... 2,204,322 2,170,320 84,002 1, 653,265 3,857,687 -551,057
1918................................................... 2,465,884 2,428,506 37,378 1,813,008 4,278,802 -052,876
1914................................ ................. 2,364,57.9 2,329, 684 84,896 1,803,026 4.258.505 -470,653
1916................................................... 2,768,589 2,710,178 52,411 1,674,170 4,442,769 +1,094,419
1915 (6 m o n th s ) ......................... ............. 1,852,863 1,820,303 32,470 912,787 2,705,650 +940,070
1916................................................... 5,482,641 5,422,042 59,999 2,391,636 7,874,276 +3,091,008
1017.......................................- - - - - 6,233,513 6.160,617 03,896 2,952,408 9,185,081 +3,281,046
1018................................................... 6,149,088 6,047,875 101,213 3,031,218 9,180,301 +3,117,875
1919....................................... - ......... 7,920,426 7,749,816 170,610 3,004,365 11,824,701 +4,016,061
1920................................................... 8,228,016 8,080,481 147,535 5,278,481 13,506,497 +2,949,535
1921__________ ______________ 4.485.031 4,378,928 100,103 2,509,148 6,994,179 + i ,976,883
1922..................... .............. .............. 3,831.777 3,765,091 66,686 3,112,747 6,044,524 -719,030
1923......................................... ......... 4,167,493 4,090,715 76.778 3,792,000 7,959,559 -375,427
1924................................- ________ 4,590,084 4,497,640 03,335 3,609,063 8,200,947 - r981,021
1926................................................... 4,009,848 4,818,722 91,125 4,226,589 9,136.437 ' 1-083,258
1926.....................-.................... ....... 4.808.660 4,711,721 90,939 4.430.888 0.239,548 -377,772
1927..................... —......................... 4,865,376 4,758,864 106,512 4.184.742 9,050,117 -680,633
1028.................................................. 5,128, 350 6.030.099 98,258 4,001,444 9,219,800 +1,030,012
1029.................................................. 5,240,995 6,157,083 83,912 4,309,361 0,640,356 •841,634
1930-.-........................................... 3,843,181 3,781,172 62,000 3,000,908 6,904,089 r782,273
1981..............................- .................. 2,424,289 2,377.982 46,307 2,090,635 4.514,924 -333,654
1982......................................... - ___ 1.611,016 1,576,151 34,865 1,322,774 2.933,790 -288,242
1Q33................................- ______ — 1,674,994 1,647,220 27,774 1.449,559 3.124.553 *225,435
1934.................................................. 2,132,800 2,100,135 32.605 1,655,055 3, 787,855 1-477,745
1936 ............................ ......... .......... 2,282,874 2,243,081 39,793 2,047,485 4,330,359 -235,389
1036-— — — -........... ........... -___ 2,465,978 2,418,969 87,009 2,422,502 4.878,670 +33,380
1937............................ ...................... 3,349,167 3.298.929 50,238 3,083,668 6,432,835 +266,490
1938................................................... 3,094.440 3,057,169 37,271 1.060,428 5,054,868 +1,134,012
1039.........................-........................ 3,177,178 3,123,343 53,834 2,318,081 5,495,257 +859,096
iFeriod beginning Oct. 1 , 1841, and ending June 30,1850. * Period July 1,1915, to Dec. 31,1920.
Source: See general note, p. 483.

4 8 8 FOREIGN COMMERCE
No. 5S 8.— E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r ts op G o ld , S i l v e r , a n d op M e r c h a n d is e ,
G o ld , a n d S i l v e r C o m b in e d : 1S21 t o 1939
Note.—All figures in thousands of dollars (for basis of dollar values, see general note, p. 483). As to
periods covered see lieadnote, table 552. Figures for gold and silver relate to coin and bullion only prior
to 1895; subsequently they include ore also
AVERAGE Oil
YEAH
gold
Exports Imports
Excess of
exports
(+ ) or im ­
ports ( - )
Exports
SILVER
Im ­
ports
Excess of
exports
(+ ) or im ­
ports (—)
TOTAL MERCHANDISE,
SILVER
Exports
Imports
GOLD AND
Excess
of exports
(+ ) or imports
( - )
1821-1830___ (') (

FOREIGN COMMERCE 4 8 9
No. 5 5 4 .— S u p p l e m e n t t o T a b l e s 552 a n d 553: C a l e n d a r Y e a r s 1900 t o
1915, a n d F i s c a l Y e a r s E n d e d J u n e 30, 1925 t o 1940
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
1900.
1907.
1908.
1909.
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1915.
Y E A R
1925..
1926-
1927-
1028-
1929-
1930_.
1931-
1932..
1933-
1934 __________
1935 __________
1936 __________
1937-
1038-
1939-
1940 K
Y E A R
G O L D
Exports Imports
1900 __________ 64,135 66,749
1901 __________ 57,784 54,762
1902 __________ 36, 031 44,193
1903 .................... 44, 347 05,268
1904 .................... 121, 212 84,803
1905 __________ 46,794 50,293
1906 __________ 46,709 155,679
1907 __________ 55,216 143,398
1908— . 81,215 50,276
1900.__ 132,881 44,087
1910 __________ 58,775 59,223
1911 __________ 37,183 57,445
1912 __________ 47,426 66,549
1913 __________ 91,799 03,705
1914 __________ 222,616 57,388
1915 __________ 31, 426 451, 955
1925..
1920.
1027..
1928..
1929..
1930..
1931..
1932..
1933..
1934..
1935..
1936-
1937-
1933-
1939-
1940 *
248,730
113, 438
103.844
627, 102
112,291
119,196
107,094
1.233.844
135,393
286,160
40,773
27,157
1, 259
51, 022
674
5, 011
134,145
210,726
251,756
129,140
267,428
342,340
403,795
520,028
398,979
862,070
1,139,672
1,472,282
1,630,752
850,171
3,752,560
4,304,119
•Preliminary. 2Revised.
Source: See general note, p. 483.
207706°— 41-------83
Total
1,477,946
1,405,370
1,360,686
1,484,753
1,451,319
1,626,991
1,798,243
1,923,426
1,752,835
1,728,199
1,866,259
2,092,527
2,399,218
2,484,018
2,113,624
3,554,671
4,864,580
4,753,382
4,968,100
4,877,071
5,373,407
4,093,026
3,083,429
1,948,335
1,440,333
2,041,719
2,120,858
2,413,724
2,837,579
3,403,392
2,919, G63
3,828,899
Excoss of
exports
(+) or
imports
( - )
-12,614
+3,022
-8,162
-20,921
+30,409
-3,499
-108,870
-88,182
+30,939
' +88,794
-448
-20, 262
-19,124
+28,094
+105, 228
-420, 529
+114,585
-97,288
-147,912
+497,902
-155,137
-223,145
-290,701
+713,816
-263,580
-575,910
-1,098,899
-1,445,125
-1,635,493
-798,549
-3,751,086
-4,209,107
Exports
U. S, merchandise
1,453,010
1,438,079
1,333,269
1,457,647
1,425,711
1,599,423
1,772,716
1,895,356
1,728,670
1,700,722
1,829,023
2,058,413
2,362,696
2,448,284
2,071,058
3,493,231
4,778,154
4,653,148
4,867,346
4,773,332
5,283,938
4,617,730
3,031,557
1,908,087
1,413,397
2,008,483
2,085,092
2,375,415
2,790,879
3,361, 699
2,884, 687
3,747,316
SILVER
Exports Imports
66,222
55,638
49,273
40,010
50,135
57,613
60,957
61,626
51,838
57,592
57,301
65,665
71,962
62,777
51,003
53,599
108,829
97,982
80,881
79,964
86,406
72,053
38, 931
19,979
8,380
23,960
21,059
212,935
215,722
3, 520
14,097
9, 078
40,100
31,147
26,403
23,975
26,087
35,939
44,228
45,912
42,224
46,188
45,878
43,747
48,401
35,808
25,959
34,484
71,608
69,401
59,605
59, 530
69,400
54,477
33,522
25,384
35,474
53, 012
174, 587
380, 899
99, 748
168,883
174, 520
59, 806
M E R C H A N D I S E
--------- General
Reex- imports
ports
24,936
27,297
27,418
27,106
25,608
27,508
25,527
28,070
24,165
27,477
37,236
34,114
36,522
35,734
42,568
61,440
86,426
100,234
100,753
JO3,738
89,469
75,895
51,873
40,248
26,930
33,236
35,765
38, 309
40,700
41,693
34,976
81,583
Excess of
exports
(+) or
imports
( -)
+26,122
--24,491
--22,870
--16,635
--24,048
--21,574
--16,729
--15,714
+9,014
+11,404
-11,483
-21,918
--23,501
--26,909
--25,644
-19,115
+37,221
+28,581
+21,276
+20,434
+17,006
+17,576
+5,409
-5,405
-27,094
-29,046
-153,528
-307,964
-84,025
-105,363
-160,430
-60,728
829,150
880,420
969,317
995,494
1,035,909
1,179,145
1,320, 502
1,423,170
1,116, 374
1,475, 521
1, 562,904
1, 532, 359
1, 818, 073
1,792, 596
1, 789,276
1, 778, 597
3, 824,128
4, 464,872
4,252,024
4, 147,490
4, 291,888
3,848,971
2, 432,074
1, 730, 270
1,168,080
1, 721,310
1,785,679
2, 217,527
2, 041,504
2,301,201
2,093,931
2, 517,430
Total
exports
and
imports
2,307,096
2,345,796
2,330,003
2,480,247
2,487,228
2,806,136
3,118,745
3,346,596
2,860,200
3,203,720
3,429,163
3,624,886
4,217,291
4,276, 614
3,902,900
5,333,268
8,688,708
9,218,254
9,220,124
9,024,570
9,665,295
8,542,597
5,515,503
3, 678, 605
2,608, 413
3,763,029
3,900, 536
4,631,251
6,779,083
5,764, 593
5,013, 594
6,346,329
Excess of
exports (+)
or imports
( - )
--648, 790
--584, 956
--391,369
--489,259
--415,410
- -447, 846
--477,742
- -500,250
--636,461
- -252, 678
- -303, 355
- -560, 168
- -581,145
--691,422
+324,348
+1,776,074
+1,040,452
+288, 509
+716,076
+729, 572
+1,081, 519
+844, 655
--651.355
--218> 066
--272,253
--320,409
--335,178
- -196,197
-103,925
+1,042,191
+825,732
+1,311,469
t o t a l m e r c h a n d i s e , g o l d a n d
SILVER
Exports
1,698,303
1,578,708
1,445,990
1,500,710
1,622,066
1,731,298
1,905,909
2,040,268
1,885,888
1,918,072
1,982,395
2,195,375
2,518,605
2,638,594
2,387,843
3,639, 690
5,222,139
4,964,802
5,152,825
5,584,137
5,572,104
4,884,875
3,229,454
3,202,158
1,584,106
2,351,845
2,182,689
2,'453,816
2,854,560
3,458,034
2 2,934,334
3,842,988
Imports
935,999
900,329
1,039,913
1,084,737
1,146,799
1,265,377
1,520,309
1,612,480
1,208,874
1,505,796
1,008,005
1,633,551
1,933, 023
1,802,169
1,872, 023
2,265, 036
4,029,881
4,744,999
4,563, 385
4,336, 169
4,628,710
4,245, 788
2,869, 391
2,275, 682
1,602, 533
2,636, 392
3,099,938
4,070,708
4.078,004
8,380,256
2 6,021,017
6,881,355
Excess of
exports
(+) or
imports
( - )
+662,304
-■-612, 469
+406, 077
-484,973
- -475,867
--465,921
'--385, 600
—427,788
- -677,014
- -352,870
—314, 390
—601, 824
—585, 582
—740, 425
—515, 220
+1,374, 660
+1,192, 258
+219, 802
+589, 440
+1,247, 968
+943,388
+639, €87
+360,063
+926,476
-18,427
-284, 547
-917,249
-1,616,892
-1,823,444
+78,279
2-3,080,683
-3,038,307

4 9 0 FOREIGN COMMERCE
N o. 5 5 5 .— E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r ts o f M e r c h a n d i s e , W i t h T r a d e B a l a n c e s :
1790 t o 1894
N o t e . —All figures i n thousands of dollars. For basis of dollar values, soe general note, p . 483. For later
years, see table 552. Fiscal years ended Sept. 3 0 ,1 7 9 0 to 1842, June 30 thereafter
YEAR
Exports
J
Im ­
ports i
Excess of
exports
(+) or imp
o r t —)
Excess of
YEAR Exports Imports
exports
(+) or Imports
YEAR Exports Imports
(—)
Excess ol
exports
(+) or
imports
C-)
1790— 20,205 23,000 -2,795 1826... 72,891 78.094 -5,203 1861... 219,554 289.311 -09,757
1791... 19,012 29,200 -10,188 1827... 74,310 71,333 +2,977 1862... 100,671 189,357 +1,314
1792... 20,753 31,500 -10, 747 1828... 64,021 81,020 -16,999 1863__ 203.964 243,336 —30,872
1793— 20,110 31,109 -4,990 1829... 67,435 67,080 +346 1864... 158.838 316,447 -157,609
1794... 33,044 34,000 -1 , 666 1830... 71,671 62,721 +8,950 1806__ 160,029 238,748 -72,717
1795— 47,990 69,756 -21,706
1831... 72,296 95,885 -23,589 1806__ 348.860 434.812 —86, 962
1796... 58,575 81.436 -22,861 1832... 81,521 95,122 -13,601 1867... 294,500 395.761 -101,255
1797— 61.295 75,379 -24,084 1833... 87,529 101,048 -13,519 1868— 281,953 357,436 -75.483
1708... 01,327 Q8J>52 -7,225 1834... 102,260 108,610 -0,360 1860... 280.118 417, 506 -131, 388
1799— 78,066 79,069 -403 1836... 115,216 136,764 -21,548 1870... 392,772 435,058 -43,180
1800— 70,972 91,253 -20,281
1836... 124,339 176,679 -52,240 1871... 442,820 620,224 -77,404
1801— 03,021 111,304 -18,343 1837— 111,443 130,473 -19,030 1872__ 444.178 626.505 -182,417
1802__ 71,957 76,333 -4,376 1838... 104,979 95.970 +9,009 1873... 522,480 042,130 -119,656
1803__ 56,800 64,667 —8,867 1839... 112,252 156.407 -44,245 1874... 580,283 667,400 +18.877
1804— 77,699 85,000 -7,301 1840— 123,669 98,269 +26,410 1876— 513,443 533,005 -19, 502
1805— 95,506 120,600 -25,034
1841... 111,817 122,958 -11.141 1876... 540,386 4C0,*741 +70,644
1806__ 101, 537 129,410 -27,873 1842— 99,878 96.075 +3,803 1877... 002,475 461,323 +161,152
1807__ 108,343 138,500 -30,157 1843 82,826 4% 433 +40,393 1878... 694,866 437,052 +257,814
1808— 22,431 56,990 -34,559 1844... 105,746 102,606 +3,141 1870... 710,430 445,778 +284,661
1809__ 62,203 59,400 -7,197 1846— 106,040 113,184 -7,144 1880— 835,639 667,955 +167,684
1810— 60,768 85,400 -18,042
1840— 109,583 117,914 -8,331 1881... 902,377 042,665 +250,712
1811__ 61,317 53,400 +7, 017 1847— 156,742 122,424 +34,318 1882... 750,542 724.640 +25.902
1812__ 38, 627 77.030 -38,503 1848— 138,191 148.639 -10,448 1883... 823,839 723.181 >1-100.658
1813... 27,850 22,005 +5,851 1840... 140.351 141,206 -866 1884... 740,514 607,608 +72,816
1814... 6,927 12,965 -6,038 I860... 144,376 173,510 -29,134 1885— 742,100 577,527 +164,063
1815... 52,558 113,041 —60,432
1851— 188,915 210,771 -21,856 1830... 579,525 335.436 +44,080
1816— 81,920 147,103 -65.183 1852— 186,984 207.440 -40,456 1887__ 716,183 592,320 +23,803
1817— 87,672 00,250 - n , 578 1853... 203,489 263,777 -60,288 1888... 396,956 723,967 -28,002
1818— 93,281 121,750 -28,469 1854— 237,044 297,804 -60,760 1889... 742,401 745,132 -2,731
1819— 70,143 87,125 -16,982 1855... 218,910 257,809 -88,899 1890... 357,829 739,310 +08,610
1820... 69, 692 74,460 -4,758
1856... 281, 219 310+32 -20,213 1891... 384,481 544.010 +89,566
1821— 54,496 54,521 -25 1857— 293,824 348.428 -54,604 1892... 1,030,278 327,402 +202,876
1822— 01,350 79,872 -18,522 3858— 272,011 203,339 +8,672 1803... 347,005 360,401 -18,736
1823— 68,326 72,481 -4,155 1859— 292,902 331,333 -38,431 1894... 392,141 354,995 +237,146
1824— 08,972 72,169 -3,197 I860.- 333,576 353,016 -20,040
1825... 90,738 90,189 +540
1 Includes gold and silver prior to 1821. * Period beginning O ct 1, 1842, and ending June 3D, 1848.
N o . 5 5 6 .-— E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r ts o p M e r c h a n d is e , P e r C a p i t a : 1791 t o 1939
N o t e .—Export figures for 1791 to 1820 are based on total exports including reexports (the latter were then
relatively largo) and for 1821 to date, on exports of United States merchandise only, shown in table
5 5 2 . Import figures for 1791 to 1820 are based on general imports shown in table 552, for 1821 to 1870,
total imports less reexports, and for 1871 to date, imports for consumption, shown in table 557
YEARLY
AVERAGE
1791-1800.
1801-1810.
1811-1820.
1821-1830.
1831-1840.
1841-1850.
1851-1860.
1831-1805.
1866-1870.
1871-1875.
1876-1880.
1881-1885.
1886-1890.
1891-1895.
1896-1900.
1001-1905.
1906-1910.
D o lla rs
10.08
11.82
6.96
4.71
5.85
5.07
8.48
5.11
8 .3 5
11.70
14.01
14.49
12.12
13.21
15.60
17.53
19.54
Im ­
ports
D o lla rs
12.75
14.71
9.53
5.02
6.0]
B. 60
9. 78
7.15
10.73
13.66
10.18
12.50
11.73
11.59
10.03
11. 75
14.82
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Im ­
ports
YEAR
Im ­
ports
D ollars D o lla rs
D o lla rs D o lla rs
1911-1916. 23.08 17.46
1916-1920. 61.20 31.37
1900.......... 10.90 14.00
1921-1926. 38.05 30.22
1907......... 21.08 10.00
1926-1930. 38.50 33.02
1908...__ 20.48 13.21
1931-1935. 15.55
1900..........
13.33
17.06 1405
1910 18.41 ...................... 16.06
1894.......... 12.85 9.32 1911 21.34 ...................... 10.19
1896.......... 11.51 10.61 1912 22.05 ...................... 17.13
1896 12.29 ...................... 10.8 2 1913 .......... 24.97 18.17
1897 14.43 ...................... 11.03 1914 .......... 23.61 19,32
1898 16.02 ...................... 8.06 1915 27.13 ___________ 16.46
1899.;.... 16.24 9.24 1916 53.01 ___________ 23.00
1900 18,17 ...................... 11.01 1917.____ 60.48 28.14
1901 18.69 ............................................
10.34
1038_____ 67.51 28.06
1902 16.99 ...................... 11.28
1919 72.09 ___________ 36.90
1903 .......... 17,10
1920 74.70 ...................... 47.16
12.8 8
1904 17.28 ...................... 11.82 1921 39.86 ...................... 23.27
1905 37.82 ...................... 12.84 1922 33.75 ...................... 27.55
Soureo of tables 555 and 556: See general note, p. 483.
YEAR
Exports
Exports
Exports
Exports
Im ­
ports
D o l­
D o lla rs la rs
1023........... 30.11 32.95
1924 39.12 ...................... 31.10
1925 41.30 ...................... 35.80
1026........... 30.81 37.24
1927 39.03 ...................... 34 87
1928 41.81 ...................... 33.49
1020.......... 41.77 36.14
1930 30.23 ...................... 24.90
1931 18.85 ...................... 10.66
1932 12.41 ...................... 10.43
1033.......... 12.88 11.21
1934.......... 16.31 12.71
1935 17.20 ...................... 15.72
1936 18.62 ...................... 18.65
1037...........
1938..........
1039...........
25.08
23.07
23.39
22.89
14,71
17.06

FOREIGN COMMERCE 491
No. 5 5 7 .— I m p o r t s E n t e r e d f o r C o n s u m p tio n a n d D u t i e s T h e r e o n : 1821
t o 1939
Note.—For basis of dollar values, see general note, p. 483. From 1821 to 1866, inclusive, tbe figures of
import values represent total imports less reexports, and for 1867 and later years imports entered for
consumption. Tbe “ratio of duties to total” is based upon the values of imports shown in tbe table.
Figures cover fiscal years ended Sept. 30,1821 to 1842, and June 30,1843 to 1015; calendar years thereafter
YEARLY AVER-
a g e o r y e a r
VALUES
Total Free Dutiable
Percent
free
Duties
calculated
RATIO OF DUTIES
TO TOTAL
Free and
dutiable Dutiable
Amount
of duties
per
capita
1,000 1,000 1,000
1,000
dollars dollars d o lla rs
d o lla rs P e r c e n t P e r c e n t D o lla rs
1821-1830............ 56,740 3,325 63,424 5.80 26,282 40.31 49.20 2.32
1831-1840............ 104,139 39,680 84,469 38.10 24,509 23.53 38.02 1,03
1841-1850............ 110,501 20,847 90.214 18,40 26,738 24.18 20.64 1.32
1851-1860............. 267,871 40,685 227,186 15.19 54,511 20.35 28.99 1.99
1801-1866............. 237,826 45,110 192; 716 18.97 65,275 27.46 33.87 1.90
1800-1870............. 393,447 26,242 367,205 6.67 174,809 44.43 47.01 4,75
1871-1876......... ... 563,234 112,458 460,770 19.97 183,014 32.49 40.60 4.40
1876-1880___•'___ 482,071 154,601 327,570 32.05 143,388 29.74 48.77 3.03
1881-1885............. 663,128 204,073 468,466 30.86 197,801 29.83 43.16 3.70
1880-1890............. 702,234 237,299 464,935 33.80 213,358 30.38 45.89 3.56
1891-1895............. 7 6 8 ,7 6 6 4 0 1 ,9 2 1 3 0 6 ,8 3 6 6 2 .2 9 1 7 3 ,8 3 2 2 2 .6 1 4 7 .3 9 2 .6 2
1896-1900_________ 7 3 0 ,4 1 1 3 4 1 ,7 5 3 3 8 8 ,6 5 8 4 6 .7 9 1 8 1 ,3 2 8 2 4 .8 3 - 4 6 .6 5 2 .4 9
1 9 0 1 -1 9 0 5 ................. 9 5 6 ,8 9 1 4 2 8 ,8 3 0 5 2 8 ,0 0 1 4 4 .8 1 2 5 0 ,4 0 9 2 6 .8 0 4 8 .5 7 3 .1 6
1906-1 9 1 0 — ........... 1 ,3 2 8 ,1 3 7 6 1 5 ,4 1 6 712i 721 4 6 .3 4 3 0 5 ,4 4 0 2 3 .0 0 4 2 .8 6 3 .4 1
1911-1 9 1 6 _________ 1 ,6 9 8 ,0 2 8 9 6 6 .1 4 1 7 3 1 ,8 8 7 5 0 .8 9 2 8 3 ,4 0 8 1 6 .6 0 3 8 .7 2 2 .9 1
1016-1920*............... 3 ,2 8 9 ,7 4 8 2 ,2 6 2 .4 1 2 1 .0 2 7 ,3 3 6 6 8 .7 7 227,0 3 5 6 .9 0 22.10 2 .1 7
1921-1925.................. 3 ,4 2 2 ,7 4 8 2 ,0 8 8 ,9 3 2 1 ,3 3 3 ,8 1 6 6 1 .0 3 478,911 1 3 .9 9 3 5 .9 0 4 .2 2
1926-1930------------- 4 ,0 2 0 ,3 5 0 2 ,0 4 5 ,0 1 0 1 ,3 7 4 ,7 4 0 65.81 550,742 13.70 4 0 .0 0 4 .5 2
1931-1936.................. 1, 7 0 4 ,2 9 4 1 ,0 7 6 ,5 8 5 628, 700 6 3 .1 1 3 1 4 ,4 7 7 1 8 .4 6 5 0 .0 2 • 2 .4 6
1890.............................. 7 5 0 ,6 9 4 3 6 8 ,8 0 7 3 9 0 ,7 9 7 4 8 .5 0 167, 013 2 0 .6 7 4 0 .1 8 2 .2 4
1897.............................. 7 8 9 ,2 6 1 3 8 1 ,6 0 2 4 0 7 ,3 4 9 4 8 .3 9 1 7 2 ,7 6 0 2 1 .8 9 4 2 .4 1 2 .4 1
1898.............................. 6 8 7 ,1 5 3 2 9 1 ,5 3 4 2 9 5 ,6 1 9 4 9 .0 6 145,4 3 8 2 4 .7 7 4 9 .2 0 2.00
1899.............................. 085, 441 299,669 385,772 43.72 202,072 20.48 52.38 2.73
1900....................... 830,619 300,760 403, 759 44.16 229,360 27.02 49.46 3.04
1901....................... 807,763 339.093 408,070 41.98 233,556 28.91 49.83 2.09
1002....................... 899,793 300,642 503,251 44.01 251,453 27.05 49.97 3.16
1003....................... 1,007,960 437,291 570,069 48.38 280,762 27.85 49.20 3.46
1904....................... 981,822 454,163 627, 069 46.26 258,101 26.29 48.02 3.11
1906....................... 1,087,118 617,073 570,045 47.56 258,426 23.77 45.33 3.05
1906............... 1, 213,417 648,096 664,722 45.22 293,910 24.22 44.22 3.40
1007....................... 1,415,402 641,953 773,449 45,35 329,480 23.28 42.00 3.75
1905....................... 1,183.120 625,704 657,416 44.43 282,582 23.88 42.68 3.15
1909....................... 1,281,641 699,876 682, 265 40.77 204, 667 22.00 43.19 3.23
1910...................... 1, 547,109 761,353 785, 750 49.21 325,601 21.11 41.50 3.62
1911..................... 1,627,946 776.964 750,981 50.86 309,905 20.29 41.27 3.28
1912..................... 1,640,722 881,613 759,209 63.73 304,899 18.58 40.16 3.18
1913..................... 1,700,689 986,072 779,717 55.87 312, 509 17,09 40.08 3.21
1014..................... 1,900,400 1,162,392 754,008 60.45 283,710 14.88 37.63 2.87
1916..................... 1,048,380 1,032,863 015, 523 02.66 205,046 12,49 33.46 2.06
1916 (6mos.)---- 934,676 031,384 303,291 67.50 05,868 10.26 81.61 ' .95
1916..................... 2,358,012 1,014,842 743,770 68.47 214, 214 9.08 28.80 2.11
1917..................... 2,919,201 2,140,947 778,344 73.34 204, 585 7.01 26.28 1.99
1918..................... 2,951,631 2,228,676 722.856 75.61 170,084 6.79 23.65 1.64
1919..................... 3,827, 683 2,711,462 1,116.221 70.84 237, 456 6.20 21.27 2.24
1920.................... 6,101,823 3,115, 958 1,985,865 61.08 325, 646 0.88 16.40 3.03
1921..................... 2,656,869 1, 564,278 992,501 61.18 292,397 11.44 29.46 2.66
1922..................... 3, 073,773 1,888,240 1,185,533 91.43 . 451,356 14.88 38.07 4.05
1923........., .......... 3,731,769 2,185,148 1,666,621 58.02 666,064 16.18 30.17 5.00
1024................... 3, 575, 111 2,118,168 1, 466,943 69.25 532,286 14.80 36.53 4.63
1926— ............. 4,170,218 2,708,828 1,467,391 64.87 551,853 13.21 37.61 4.73
1926..................... 4,408,076 2,908,107 1,499,969 65.97 590,045 13.39 39.34 4.98
1927..................... 4,163,000 2,680,069 1,483,031 04.38 574,839 13.81 38.76 4.70
1928..................— 4,077,037 2,678,633 1,399,304 65.68 542,270 13.30 38.76 4.45
1029....................... 4 ,338,672 2,880,128 1,458,444 66.38 584,771 13.4$ 40.10 4.74
1930..— ............. 3,114,076 2,081,123 1,032,954 66.83 401,700 14.83 44.71 3.69
1931___-........... - 2,088.455 1,391,693 696,762 66.64 370,771 17.76 53.21 2.94
1932..................... 1,326,093 886,536 439,557 66.83 269,600 19.69 59.06 2.04
1083.................... 1,433,013 903,547 529,400 63.05 283.681 19.80 53.58 2.22
1934..................... 1,636,003 991.161 644,842 60.58 301,168 18.41 46.70 2.34
1935----- --------- 2,038,005 1,205,987 8 3 2 ,0 1 8 SO. 15 357, I S 3 17.52 42,88 2,75
1936..................... 2,423,077 1.384,037 1.039,040 57.13 408,127 10.84 39.28 3.12
1937..................... 3,009,852 1,765,248 1,244,605 68.65 470,609 15.63 37,80 3.53
1938-................... 1,949,624 1,182,696 760,929 60.66 801,376 16.46 39.30 2.27
1939..................... 2,270,099 1,397,280 878,819 61.39 328,034 14.41 37.33 2,46
i Period July 1,1916, to Deo. 31,1920,
Sourae: See general note, p. 483.

4 9 2 FOREIGN COMMERCE
No. 5 5 8 . — E x p o r ts op U n ite d S ta te s
N ote.—For basis of dollar values, except export figures for lfilio and 1870-78, see general note, p. -183 Export
through 3840, and June 30, 1850, through 1015; calendar years thereafter. ’ In soma
[A ll figures in thou
YEAR Oft YEARLY
AVERAGE
M eat
products
Animai
fats
and
oils'
Leather
Rye Wheat
(includining
(includ­
flour) flour)
Oil
cake
and
oilcake
meal
Fruits
and
nuts
Rubber
and
manufactures
Nava)
stores,
gums,
and
resins
Tobac*
co, unmanufactured
4,470
?S3fl . __ 6,132
24
1R4fl ....
11,770
55
1S/5A
7,742
25
I860.............-........... 8,080 0,200 693 19,625 1,609 206
1865.......................... 20,690 14,473 669 169 46,905 2,207 415
1870........................ 11,630 9,909 111 217 68,341 3,419 543
1871-1875.................- 38,037 25,773 3,786 7X0 82,188 4,195 1,138
1876-1880............. 60,660 35,496 7,266 2,194 133,946 6,268 1,831
1881-1886.................. 60,344 37,402 7,374 2,185 167, 600 0,551 2,893
1886-1890................. 59,734 35,168 9,107 380 106,331 7,143 3,724
1801-1805............. 82,1S4 51,133 11,931 2,570 147, 211 8,565 4,075
1896-1900.................. 100,858 53,309 18,703 4,075 148,170 12,300 8,394
1001-1005.................. 110, 948 70,033 24,019 1,311 131,029 10,470 14,778
1906-1910.................. 93, 503 87.326 31,234 089 117,708 23,472 10,631
1911-1916.................. 81,315 83,806 44, 066 3,613 172,788 25,670 SI, 866
1915-1920 ................ 401,251 166,868 110,216 52,009 512,963 21.978 81,501
1921-1925.................. 130,833 144,085 44,287 39,476 321,864 24,005 82,869
1926-1930................ 77,988 116,071 47,481 14,767 230,047 24,392 122,234
1931-1935.................. 28,724 36,987 17,120 130 30,237 7,013 84,708
1807—...................... 80.017 42,590 10,431 3,675 115,836 9,611 7,739
1898 ............. 105,984 54,771 17,798 8,838 214,948 12,582 0,013
1899 ______________________________
110,410 60,579 19,726 5,951 177,363 14,549 7,807
1900 ............. 116,494 62,187 21.797 1,457 140,998 10,806 11,643
1001........................... 123,307 08,220 21,321 1,333 166,231 18, 724 10,827
1902 ............. 122,912 72,986 22,360 1,590 178, 537 19, 943 8,719
1903 .......................... 106,199 72,258 23,514 3,167 161,552 19,839 18,058
1004 ______ 103,229 71,040 24,862 462 104,745 17,009 20, 079
1005 .......................... 99,035 70,158 28,068 21 44,082 21,777 15,607
1906.......................... 114,670 92, no 29,317 925 87,864 23,092 15, 274
1007.......................... 107,571 94,098 32,058 573 122,300 26,410 17, 588
1908.......................... 102,045 92,076 26,970 2,201 103,907 21,867 14,330
1009.......................... SI, 773 86,575 30.413 1,064 110,262 25,886 10,508
1910 ............ 01,768 71,709 37.414 184 95,428 10,251 18,880
1911 ............. 66,391 85,666 37,200 27 71,427 19,031 24,498
1912 ............. 71,874 85,512 41.798 22 79,477 28,229 30,964
1913 ............. 68.018 88,573 42, 384 1,282 142,208 20,444 37, 070
1914 ............. 68,443 80,562 36,669 1,586 142,408 21,008 31,850
1015 ............ 131,850 78, 720 65,229 15,160 428,422 28,870 34,033
1615 (6 mos.)

FOREIGN COMMERCE 4 9 3
M e r c h a n d i s e Va l t j e o f S e l e c t e d A r t i c l e s : 1821 t o 1989
figures for those years are mixed gold and currency values. Figures are for fiscal years ended Sept. 30,
cases blanks represent entire absence of trade; in other cases the item was not segregated
Binds of dollars]
Cotton,
unmanufactured
Cotton
manufactures3
Sawmill
products
Coal
and
coke
Other
wood
manufactures
Petroleum
and
products
Iron
and
steelmill
products
Copper
and
manufactures
M a­
chinery,
all
classes
Automobiles
including
engines
and
parts
V E A R O R Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E
20,157 1,513 27
29,075 1,318 1,060 426 37 1830.
63,870 3,550 2.072 921 87 1840.
71,985 4,734 2,545 2,279 167 105 1850.
191,807 10,935 3,714 6,318 741 1,664 1860.
6,836 3,452 8,124 10,157 1,371 16,700 1,190 1,545 7,222 1805.
227,028 3,787 4, 921 7, 625 1,300 32,669 539 1,042 5,783 1870.
205,024 3,196 0,833 9,024 2,538 30,913 1,115 749 8,373 1871-1875.
183,530 10,047 7,848 7,916 2,474 43,808 1,185 2,564 8,357 1876-1880.
218, 703 12,693 11,729 9,415 4,077 47,763 1,322 3,951 13,552 1881-1885.
224,014 12,423 13,309 8, 853 5,747 51,151 1,922 7,309 13,662 1886-1890.
230,743 13,354 14,933 9, 543 10,184 49,344 3,241 14,392 22,061 1891-1895
220,804 20, 494 22, 778 13, 475 14, 005 68, 706 20,438 36, 746 50,125 1896-1900.
335,443 31,333 35,117 16,743 26,157 82,260 32,759 54,942 77,958 1901-1905-
437,582 35,141 51,677 20,153 38,826 103,803 54,297 92,334 113,983 6,292 1906-1910.
037, 044 52,525 62,458 23, 608 58, 648 137,068 96,313 123,655 158,897 35,805 1911-1915.
708,361 214,697 63,213 33, 973 151,590 347,396 491,191 208,909 354,216 157, 775 1916-1920*3
804,885 133,052 88, 233 27,690 131,112 405,051 166.776 129,761 320,048 177,164 1921-1926.
765,674 124,079 104,580 32,848 121,800 524, 384 170,660 149,999 488,042 400,164 1926-1930.
360, 539 45,423 38,574 12, 622 61,678 231,352 62,931 39,920 212,499 140,503 1931-1936.
230,891 21,038 22,404 13,216 11,556 67,502 10,782 33,081 37, 738 1897.
230,442 17,024 20,779 13,007 12,293 62,156 18,973 33,005 44,438 1898.
210,090 23, 587 23,898 13,632 14,294 63,078 29,207 36,424 01,117 1899.
242,989 24,003 29,031 10,089 20,737 84,214 38,534 68,862 78,020 1900.
315,105 20,272 32,870 14,915 23,751 77,970 40,455 44,614 73,489 1901.
291, 698 32,108 28,159 15,717 22,486 81,162 25,086 43,820 07, 51C 94f 1902,
317, 055 32,216 34,375 IS, 410 23,119 76,605 21,413 40,505 76, 202 1,207 1003.
372,049 22,404 42,894 17,468 30,044 87,92C 30,832 68,119 83,841 1, S9C 1904.
381,399 49,666 37,289 17,200 31,387 87, 582 45,402 87, 564 88,748 2,481 1905.
401,000 52,944 44,995 19,631 30,652 92,850 51,183 83,179 108,379 3,497 1906.
481,278 32,305 59,124 20,082 37,741 93,887 55,451 06,601 125,255 5,502 1907.
437,788 25,178 54,721 21,943 42,074 112,857 57,82C 105,873 120, 581 5,27£ 1908.
417,391 31,879 45.109 18,983 40, 069 112,44E 40, 03C 80,708 98,983 5,992 1909.
450,447 33,397 54,437 20,124 43, 590 100, 077 60,403 89,309 110, 718 11,100 1910.
585,319 40,852 63,903 23,368 48,314 105,494 78,790 104,908 151, 205 15, 609 1911.
505,849 50,770 07,059 24,819 56, 587 122, 78G 102,385 117,083 160,645 26,435 1912.
547, 357 51, 510 78,061 29, 658 68,416 149,25e 124,222 143,124 194, 738 32,982 1913.
• 610,475 49, 246 71,252 26,10B 62,711 161,085 90,92C 151,472 167,90S 34,591 1914.
370, 218 70,247 31,357 15,024 58,211 146, 608 85,247 101,690 119,990 69,610 1915.
157, 648 48,714 19,879 9,160 37,230 83,204 100,894 70,033 94,935 59,647 1916 (6 mos.).*
545,229 127, 052 36, 025 18,854 72, 500 220,08£ 375,975 236,856 278,071 123,064 1910.
576,304 167,267 42,325 24, 579 118,956 273,906 644, 924 362,871 355,668 124,476 1917.
074,123 179,106 56,763 25,453 119,742 369, 542 632,210 206,732 209.651 100,889 1918.
1,137,371 270,235 79,010 48, 507 125,505 374, 63C 440,939 130,790 361,900 156,426 1919.
1,130,409 398,458 114,064 60,296 359,805 589,348 497, 601 141,717 587,671 303,262 1920.
534,242 115,539 54,939 25, 633 170,983 399,871 236, 126 97,898 408,465 83,749 1921.
673,260 136,079 09,511 22,86d 95,562 344,255 136,211 103, 874 233,865 103, 202 1922.
807,103 138,188 106,948 20,777 160,014 865, 625 107,065 129, 22C 281,121 170,612 1923.
950,581 130,687 106,271 27,976 115,966 442,554 150,36E 166, 640 310, 208 209,872 1924.
1,059,751 140,167 103,497 32,201 107,035 472, 952 144,102 161,166 366,491 318,388 1925.
814,429 128,708 101,897 33,431 203,884 554, 634 174,101 141,204 398, 372 320,179 1926.
826,306 133,186 111, 387 34,27C 109,687 485,90S 160,547 150,214 432,82fl 388,528 1927.
920,008 134,642 113,052 33,271 99,615 525,85E 179,647 169,831 491,411 501,594 1928.
770.83C 135,115 114, 076 36,891 106,151 561,191 200,14E 183,404 604,373 641,39f 1929.
498, 708 88,684 81, S86 20,305 80,702 494,330 138,893 105,342 513,230 279,127 1930.
325, G67 60,070 47,124 17,123 64,542 270, 500 63,188 54,748 315, 998 148,125 1931.
345.164 45,524 27,068 8,997 44,543 208,381 28,855 21,237 131,267 76,255 1932.
398,212 39,351 32,829 11,022 40,409 200, oie 45,531 24,918 132, 324 90,63C 1933.
372, 755 43.401 43, 595 12,886 56,884 227, 537 88,678 49,765 217,981 190,216 1934.
390, m 38,70S 42, 253 13,084 52,014 250,327 88,405 48,93S 264,920 227,29C 1935.
361,028 43,673 44,572 14,071 56,572 263,45C 111, 85G 50,60f 334,807 240,215 1936.
368,00t 59,662 56, 74£ 18,216 67,351 370,39E 300,08t 93.62C 479, 061 340,887 1937.
228, 647 56,983 37,647 13,677 55,898 388,60e 184,242 86.80E 480,312 270,427 1938.
242,965 68,318 41,212 14,341 06,674 383,121 235, 674 97,185 502,081 253,722 1939.
*Average for period July 1,1915, to Dec. 31, 1920.
4July to December.
Source; See general note, p. 483.

4 9 4 FOREIGN COMMERCE
No. 5 5 9 .— I m p o r t s — V a l u e op
N o t e .—For basis of dollar values, see general note, p. 483. Figures represent “general irQnQ^t‘;’, through
ended Sept. 30 through 1840, and June 30,1850, through 1915; calendar years thereafter.
[All figures in thou
YEAR OR YEARLY
AVERAGE
Furs, Vege- Tobac-
Hides and Fruits table Ruband
manuand
oils, ex­
Coffee Sugar1 ber, manumanu-
Cotton
skins fac-
nuts pressed,
crude fac-
fac- Burlaps
tures i and fats tured tures 3
1821....................... 893 224 181 4,490 3, 554
1830....................... 2,410 306 520 18 4,227 4,631
1840....................... 2,756 423 1,406 263 8,546 6,581
1850....................... 4,799 1,014 1,191 922 11,236 7,550 272
1860....................... 30,525 1,838 4,804 1,619 21,884 31,079 1,427 X, 306
1865....................... 4, 650 2,309 2, 265 634 11,242 27,326 1,223 ‘ 552
1870....................... 14,402 2,236 7,417 2,163 24,235 66) 924 3,460 2,534
1871-1875............... 16,649 3,704 10,087 1,097 43,737 76,754 5,391 4,725
1870-1880............... 18,237 4,680 11,480 1,230 54, Oil 73,678 6) 998 4,000
1881-1885............... 25,179 7,286 17,880 1,697 48,257 87,906 12, 732 6,188
1888-1890—........... 24,373 7,101 19,584 1,898 62, 504 83,614 13) 791 11) 176 28,858 4,652
1891-1895............... 25,208 9,707 21, 322 3,025 98,22C 105,946 17,70S 12,810 29,482 5,828
1890-1000............... 39,075 9,224 17,661 3,710 67,830 88,795 24,506 11,355 33,694 8,021
1901-1906............... 56,206 15,003 23,034 7,350 69,450 77,440 34,823 16,743 47,830 14,368
1900-1910........— _ 82, BIG 21,469 33,092 14,002 73,496 92,28C 60,687 24,905 67,851 22,730
1911-1915............... 102, 967 19, 341 43.033 26,554 108,970 118,24C 82,736 31,576 63, 049 30,749
1915-1920 s............ 201, 517 47,62Q 61,755 84,462 165,205 393,90G 102,14G 61,012 65, 816 62, 691
1921-1925-............ 93,067 80, 552 76,490 69,652 205, 792 295, 381 192, 922 64, 831 80, 568 60,400
1920-1930. ............ 118,003 114, 786 84.868 81,940 281,707 207,318 294,428 57,018 03, 627 72,250
1931-1935 «............. 39,795 43,125 48,407 45,012 141,173 113,110 74,573 27,118 34, 472 26,141
1897....................... 27,863 0,015 17,127 3,487 81, 544 99,066 17,458 9,584 34, G01 9,243
1898_..................... 37,069 7,881 14,567 3, 358 65,068 60,473 25,386 7,489 27.420 5,671
1899....................... 41,988 10,801 18,314 3,609 55.275 94, m 31. 708 9,900 32, 206 8,138
1900....................... 57,936 12,060 19,264 4,462 52,468 100,251 31,377 13,297 41, 541 10,600
1901. .................... 48,22C 11,02C 19,587 4,688 62,861 90,488 28,455 16,29C 40,430 12.GOO
1902....................... 68,007 15,624 21,481 6,626 70,982 66,061 24,899 16,212 44, 966 15,632
1903....................... 68,032 16,302 23, 727 0,487 59,201 72,089 30,437 17,235 53,269 14,378
1904....................... 52,006 14, 703 24,430 7,829 C9,552 71,910 40,444 10, 930 50, 370 14,031
1905....................... 64,764 18,300 25,937 8,11C 84,654 97,645 49,878 18,030 50,102 14,693
1906....................... 83.882 21,85G 28,916 9,688 73,256 85,46C 45,114 22.448 64,399 20,084
1907 83,207 21,884 35. 565 11, 69C 78,232 92,806 58,926 26,055 74, 747 29,114
1908....................... 54,770 16,918 36,874 12,369 67,688 80,258 36, 613 22,870 68,825 23,226
1909....................... 78,487 21,087 30,444 14,622 79,112 96,555 61, 710 25, 401 63, 232 19,780
1910....................... 112,248 26,698 36,661 21, 63S 69,194 106,349 101,079 27, 751 68,053 21,448
1911....................... 70.505 23,CIS 39,978 28,071 90,568 96,691 76,245 27,850 67,004 21,104
1912....................... 102,47(3 24,08C 42, 567 25,157 117,827 115,515 93,013 31, 910 05,176 24,359
1913....................... 117,380 24,102 41,001 26,191 118,963 103,640 00,170 35, 910 66,087 37,774
1914.................. 120,290 13,830 51,020 30, 050 110, 725 101,486 71.220 35,029 70, 723 42,421
1915....................... 104,177 10,162 40,504 23,GOG 106,766 173,867 83,030 27.157 40, 258 28,089
1915 (6 mos.)f___ 67,67£ 8, 94C 20,805 10,984 64,394 67, 426 58,858 9,384 20, 767 15,800
1910....................... 172,603 21,000 44, 74 G 40,081 118,813 227,319 159, 745 26,850 54, 600 39) 089
1917....................... 209,730 29,038 44, 744 66, 307 122,607 221,990 233,221 33,472 65, 675 63,704
1918....................... 108,044 34,194 48,722 111, 312 99,423 241,390 140,378 54,080 40, 701 80,270
1919....................... 306,51C 70,278 78.991 127,839 261,270 393,171 215,820 75,146 52, 662 66,022
1920 243,878 02, 399 101,561 108, 020 252,451 1,016,188 242,796 81, 630 137> 6S3 89,369
1921....................... 67,561 40,52£ 73,532 39,88C 142,80S 235, 287 73, 773 54,172 75, 430 42,377
1922..................... 107,039 68, 614 72,499 50,042 160,854 261,005 101,843 66,000 87, 070 40) 256
1923....................... 118,917 88,502 70,463 64,686 190,232 380,090 185,060 57,158 100,153 66,972
1924....................... 75,052 38,299 72,336 59,667 248,828 363, 650 174,231 75,362 90, 914 59,390
1925....................... 90, 704 110, 755 88,664 74,985 286,235 246,008 429,705 71,464 79, 271 85,028
1926.................... 96,811 119, 650 87,56C 79, OCC 322,740 232, 534 505,818 60, 570 67,159 82,238
1927...................... 112,846 138, 025 84,721 78,059 264,275 258,163 339,869 74, 617 66,197 67,249
1928....................... 150,810 121, 711 89,667 77,910 309,644 207,048 244,855 55,160 69, 296 80,087
1929....................... 137,281 125, 853 86,808 100,662 302,397 209,277 240,966 63,821 09, 264 77,377
1930....................... 92,268 08,680 75,49(1 73,402 209,472 129,566 140,042 40,922 46, 219 54,300
1931.................. 60.302 55.860 60,00S 47, 977 174,904 112, 780 73,803 37,088 40, 664 28,757
1932........ ........... 22,493 28,495 44,270 29,204 136,812 96,718 32,538 23,027 27,902 16,908
1933...................... 45,679 38,109 37,388 34,048 124,137 107,642 45,868 21,508 32, 026 24,430
m s >..................... 45,$42 37,447 37,478 34,286 124, 137 104, m 45,868 24, 682 SO, 869 24,484
1934........................ 35,260 40,604 45,605 34,608 133,164 117,615 101,573 25,131 31, 91C 27,528
1935____________ 46,677 53,161 54, 610 78,835 136,800 133,501 119,082 ' 25,702 41,023 33,029
1936___________ 64,768 81,609 57,972 85,304 133,962 157,974 158,732 29,880 48,702 35,412
1937 ...................... 71,068 80,178 67,312 112,016 150,579 166,306 247, 521 31,923 56,910 41,144
1938....................... 29,883 45,837 55,117 58,566 137,824 130,421 129,642 36,028 34, 648 28,343
1939....................... 47,056 ’55,471 58,216 60, 977 139,546 124,649 178, 054 36, 018 39,641 27,961
- xuuiuues iur j u i u s Deguimng iwsi; iormeny ciassinea as miscellaneous textile products.
*. n?!ud?s siruPs and maPle su8ar Prior to Oct. 4,1913. *Includes semimanufactures.
1 Saltpeter transferred to fertilizers from chemicals beginning 1921.

Se l e c t e d C o m m o d it ie s : 1821 t o 1939
FOREIGN COMMERCE 495
1933,. “ imports for consumption” thereafter, except as indicated fn footnotes. Figures cover fiscal year
In some cases blanks represent entire absence of trade; in other cases the item was not segregated
sands of dollars]
Wool
and
mohair
Wool
manufactures
(including
rags,
noils,
waste)
Silk,
raw
Sawmill
products
"Wood
pulp
Paper
and
manufactures
Petroleum
and
products
Copper,
including
ore
and
manufactures
Tin,
including
ore
Fertilizers
and
materials
*
Y E A R O R
Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E
7,239 58 233 149 1 8 9 1 .
97 5' 901 119 170 807 108 1830.
846 10,808 234 70 1,663 229 1840,
7 R on iffj mi 386 432 9 ' A I R R74 1 8 5 0
4’ 843 43j 142 1,236 497 l! 630 1, is 8 526 I860.
7j 734 91 j Q9.fi 1 194 372 1 144 fifin IR fifi
f t, 7 4 3 34^ 491 3' 018 1,100 ' ftfirt 2 , 0 4 3 1 8 7 0
15,160 47, 763 5,237 7,312 1,822 1 495 3,136 91 RR3 1 8 7 1 - 1 8 7 6 .
l o ' 5 0 0 28,482 7,543 3,924 ll 350 ' 672 2,927 91, 9 5 1 1876-1880.
10, 603 37', 946 12,545 7,858 1,838 525 4 ' o r a 4 ' 6 7 7 1 8 8 1 - 1 8 8 6 .
16 459 48’ 638 19,380 8,290 2,325 470 i, 095 7 9 3 1 8 8 6 - 1 R fin.
IS, 129 34, 531 2i; 806 8,587 1,851 3’, 149 896 7,687 6,240 1801-1896.
26, 212 29,496 30, 514 7,187 1,107 2,882 5,866 10, 604 7,043 1896-1900.
24, 087 17,429 44, 815 10,733 3,027 3,539 22, 611 21,550 14,802 1001-1905.
40,132 21, 285 66, 202 18,605 7,729 6,708 38, 026 30,244 27, 046 1006-1910.
42, 664 22,777 80, 079 18,276 10,254 12,952 8,868 46,129 41,493 39,631 1911-1915.
170,173 26,852 213,960 36,521 42,814 47, 214 31,174 103, 805 73,739 67,142 1016-1920.1
102,369 64, 502 348,123 50,653 67,002 105, 239 91,857 77, 811 59, 225 57,140 1921-1925.
78, 790 69, 295 368,232 44,503 86,044 151,219 132,794 108, 243 89,058 67,997 1920-1930.
18, 731 17,114 115, 054 10, 528 59,544 95,523 60,990 29, 662 43,837 28,659 1931-1935.0
63, 243 49,163 18,497 9,095 801 3,122 1, 626 6,536 5,785 1897.
16,784 14,824 31,447 4,307 602 2,839 3, 869 8,776 6,811 1898.
8,323 13,833 31, 827 5,187 672 2,392 6,817 11, 843 5,949 1899.
20,261 16,164 44, 550 8,818 2,406 2,890 15, 490 19,104 9,500 1000.
lz, 530 14,585 29,354 7,608 1,586 3,055 20, 582 19,806 11,525 1901.
17, 712 17,384 41, 714 10,652 2,059 3,170 25,063 10,462 11, 741 1902.
22,153 19,546 49, 003 12,427 3,388 3,483 20,891 23, 610 16,087 1903.
24,814 17, 734 44,402 10,424 3,603 3,868 21, 682 21, 486 16,812 1904.
40.226 17,894 69, 543 12,556 4,501 4,117 24,836 23, 378 19, 294 1905.
39,068 23, 081 52,856 17, 514 4,585 4,793 32, 663 30,933 22,761 1906.
41,534 22,321 70, 230 19, 019 6,349 6,759 47, 725 38,117 25,998 1907.
23,665 19,388 63, 666 17,878 7,313 7,312 1,250 31, 620 25, 295 24,237 1908.
46,172 18,102 78, 831 18,400 8,629 7,183 1,162 38, 076 26,007 26, 616 1909,
61,221 23,532 65,425 20, 516 11,768 7,491 1,676 40, 245 30,870 35,620 1910.
23,228 18,57C 72, 714 17,68C 13,980 8,224 3,28C 39, 682 37,930 41,353 1911.
33,078 14,913 67,173 16,969 14,219 7,273 4,891 45, 217 46, 214 38,900 1912.
35,580 16,318 82,148 19,793 16,166 12,169 10,073 59, 580 53,113 41,383 1913.
63,191 34, 294 97,828 18,508 17,023 18,244 14,911 54, 606 39, 422 46,381 1914.
68,243 29,791 80,532 18,432 19,881 18,849 10,578 31, 661 30,778 30,139 1915.
43,363 7,461 53,302 12,818 8,567 9,858 6,407 27, 992 21, 422 15,950 1016 (amos.)!
125,524 . 16,471 144,757 24,854 26,986 24,611 15,13S 95, 335 55,836 43,859 1916.
171,557 23,343 184,283 28,628 41,970 42,031 22,237 137, 787 68,372 66, 731 1917.
251,773 22,809 180, 210 35,367 31.477 48,214 26,859 133, 525 104,589 95,996 1918.
210,705 19,486 329, 339 38,557 37,048 64,452 33,029 86, 271 62,762 31,894 1919.
126,972 58,116 284,891 60, 624 89,418 80,51C 67,792 90, 019 92, 582 114,85C 1920.
60,482 51,218 259,054 31, 909 30,396 88,33C 78,844 46, 785 22,319 31, 278 1921.
86, 546 59, 414 365, 787 40,541 63, 292 85,334 89,485 66,829 46,302 45,205 1922.
129,711 69,118 391, 908 03,521 74,744 116,659 79,793 95, 988 63,261 64,050 1923.
93,151 69,310 327,582 53,685 75,743 117,673 102, 56G 90,184 69,024 66, 586 1924.
141,957 73, goo 396, 286 57,611 81,834 119,201 108,601 84, 27C 95, 219 78, 520 1925.
106,721 70,607 392,760 56,37C 91,231 139,49E 125,602 99,742 104,980 69,76C 1926.
82,933 78, 775 390,365 50,385 85,842 149,365 114,674 84,963 100,944 59,070 1927.
79,861 78,391 367, 907 41,121 83,464 156,407 133,707 98,187 87,052 78,404 1928.
87,344 78,501 427,126 44,038 88,573 163,365 144,614 153,710 91,905 72,886 1929.
37,092 40,142 262,913 30,604 81,109 147,461 145,673 104,616 60,411 59,771 1930.
22,372 22,905 191, 290 16,619 60,887 125,623 93,467 48,744 36,731 45,441 1931.
6,029 12,699 113,882 7,953 46,903 94,135 60,881 23,735 10,478 18,089 1932.
21,457 16,278 102,536 8,635 67,369 77,447 26,165 17,554 51,199 24,574 1033
18,647 15,664 iOt, 586 8,604 67,369 77,894 25,971 14,884 S I , l i t S i . S U 19SS.»
16,784 14,662 71,764 8,013 61,825 86.520 36,743 27,786 44,802 26,029 1934.
20,925 19,740 95,797 11,452 70,735 93,444 37,891 33,213 69,921 28,561 1935.
53,204 29,647 102,351 17,171 82,837 no. lia 40,670 29,884 75,546 33,394 1936.
96,345 31,857 100,594 20,804 98,269 137,071 44,586 52,663 104,418 46, 704 1937.
22,605 17,752 88,821 14,434 72,778 112,975 39,461 37,872 44,861 36,496 1938.
49,637 25,609 120,852 20,050 75,892 126,783 43,541 44,230 71,009 32,466 1939.
1 Average for period July 1,1915, to Dec. 31,1920.
4 "General imports” through 1932; “imports for consumption” thereafter.
t July to December.
8 Imports for consumption; see headnote.
Source: Sec general note, p. 483.

4 9 6 FOREIGN COMMERCE
N o. 8 6 0 .— E x p o r t s o f U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e a n d I m p o r t s— I n d e x e s
o f Q u a n t it y , U n it V a l u e (P r ic e ), a n d T o t a l V a l u e : 1913 t o 1939
Nora.—The quantity and unit value indexes have been constructed by the so-called “ ideal formula,"
the essential feature of which is the use of the quantities of the several articles as weighting factors o(
their unit values for each pair of years compared. About 205 commodities were included in the direct
calculations for both exports and Imports. It was then assumed th at tho prices of articles In eaoh
eoonom to olass not directly covered had moved In parallel with those of articles covered and theirvaluc,
adjusted by the computed price index, was included in the aggregative totals from which tho quantity
index for each olass was calculated. The index of quantity and unit value of total exports and imports
was based on tho aggregate of the adjusted totals ofthe classes. In constructing the indexes the data for
1010 were linked directly to 1913, and each subsequent year was compared with that preceding. The
resulting year-to-year percentages wore made into a series by the chain method
[1923-1925 average—100]
YEAR&y AVER­
AGE OR YEAR
Quantity
EXPORTS OP UNITED STATES MERCHANDISE
Total Crude materials Crude foodstuffs
Unit
value
Value Quantity
Unit
value
Value Quantity
Unit
value
Value
Quantity
Manufactured foodstuffs
i
Unit
value
Value
1913........................ 84 65 55 123 47 59 81 65 53 73 70 66
1021-1025.............. 67 99 06 00 91 90 134 97 130 105 00 104
1926-1930.............. 122 86 106 123 70 87 101 92 03 81 07 79
1031-1935.............. 76 I T 45 105 48 40 46 52 24 40 62 30
1020........................ 132 87 115 113 76 86 941 89 84 87 96 84
lOJfrt 109 78 85 106 59 63 69 80 65 71 88 63
inai 89 60 53 107 40 43 71 65 39 62 68 43
1082....................— 60 51 35 115 34 39 69 47 28 60 52 26
iQaa 60 54 37 113 30 46 32- 46 16 49 55 27
1034........................ 74 63 47 04 52 49 34 54 18 47 02 29
1935 ...................... 78 65 60 97 53 52 38 56 18 37 72 27
mart .. . 82 66 64 03 54 61 30 59 18 33 74 25
1937........................ 106 70 74 103 53 55 51 04 32 39 79 31
1938.................. 10S 65 68 06 47 45 148 52 77 47 68 32
1939........................ 110 64 70 86 46 40 70 44 34 55 63 35
EXPORTS 01? UNITED STATES MERCHANDISE
IM PORTS*
Semimanufactures
Finished manufactures
Total
Crude materials
1913........................ 01 72 65 66 73 48 66 70 46 68 72 42
88 100 88 eo 107 06 94 94 80 97 90 88
1926-1930.............. 1W 95 108 143 01 130 116 00 104 110 87 101
1931-1035.............. 72 65 47 81 64 52 02 48 45 92 36 33
1029....... ................. 1101 100 119 174 80 155 131 87 113 133 80 106
1 9 3 0 - ..............— 07 87 84 137 85 110 111 71 70 108 63 68
1981 ..... ........ 73 71 62 100 68 68 98 55 54 102 43 44
1939 5 IT 58 32 61 62 38 79 43 34 81 30 24
1033......................... 64 60 39 64 59 38 86 43 37 91 31 28
1934 81 69 66 84 64 54 86 50 43 83 37 31
1936........................ 83 68 57 93 65 61 106 50 53 100 40 30
1036........................ 88 73 64 107 66 70 118 54 63 106 47 50
ifia 7 125 80 111 143 00 00 131 CO 70 119 66 66
1938........................ 106 78 83 137 68 03 94 54 51 84 47 39
1030........................ 120 78 101 151 67 102 108 55 50 90 51 51
IMPORTS 1
Crude foodstuffs
Manufactured food*
stuffs t
Semimanufactures
Finished manufactures
ima 67 77 52 74 54 40 04 75 48
64 M
1021-1025 98 91 80 96 94 91 87 98 86 100 93
1026 -1 0 3 0 .______ 109 109 118 110 68 80 112 96 107 123 03 114
1031-1035 110 66 62 112 44 40 73 62 46 89 58 hi
10211 112 113 126 137 63 86 127 98 126 141 01 129
loan 113 83 04 114 52 50 102 84 8G 121 81 08
1031. 109 65 71 07 46 45 70 67 52 103 69 71
1032 00 66 54 92 38 36 57 63 31 7 0 56 44
1033........................ 100 50 60 102 40 41 73 57 41 79 53 45
1934. 104 67 60 125 46 66 65 67 44 8 2 50 46
1935........................ 140 54 76 137 49 68 87 67 58 9 7 55 63
1930........................ 145 50 82 154 53 82 102 68 09 1 1 4 54 61
1937.................... - 145 67 97 172 54 04 118 70 90 130 66 71
1 938........................ 113 54 61 139 47 66 70 69 55 02 60 66
1039........................ 128 63 68 144 46 87 TOO 00 AO 9 8 50 6S
1Includes beverages.
1 Based on general imports through 1933; on Imports for consumption thereafter. T he 1034 indexes wore
obtained by applying to tho general import indexes the percentage changes in imports for consumption
from 1033 to 1934.
Source: See genoral note, p. 483.
■5*4 «
COG

FOREIGN COMMERCE
m
No. 5 6 1 . — E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s o p M e r c h a n d is e , by E c o n o m ic C l a s s e s —
P e r c e n t D i s t r i b u t i o n : 1821. t o 1939
N o te.—Percentages are based on figures shown in table 602
P E R C E N T O F T O T A L E X P O R T S O F U N IT E D
S T A T E S M E R C H A N D I S E
P E R C E N T O F T O T A L I M P O R T S
YEAR OR YEARLY
AVERAGE
Crude
materials
Crude
foodstuffs
Manufactured
foodstuffs
1
Semimanufactures
Finished
manufactures
Crude
materials
Crude
foodstuffs
Manufactured
foodstuffs
1
Semimanufactures
Pinished
manufactures
1821.............................. 60.62 4.79 19.51 9.42 5.60 4.66 11.15 19.85 7.48 66.86
1830............................... 02.65 4.65 16.32 7.04 9.34 7. 66 11.77 15.39 8.22 56.97
1840............................... 67.83 4.09 14.27- 4.34 9.47 12.36 15.54 16.46 11.56 45.09
I860.............................. 62.30 5.50 14.84 4.49 12.72 7.24 10.38 12.37 15.08 64.93
1851-1800..................... 81.67 6.61 16.30 4.01 12.32 9. 63 11.70 15.43 12.50 50.74
1801-1865............... 19.97 22.13 34.42 5.69 17.78 14.12 14.29 17.47 18.00 40.62
1866-1870.................... 57.02 0.05 13.75 4.G8 14.89 11.71 13.23 19.03 13.87 41.20
1871-1875.................... 41.94 15.47 10.59 4.67 16.33 16.12 14.12 20.07 13.66 36.13
1870-1880..................... 32.24 23.93 24.39 4.65 14.87 18.55 18.16 21.49 12.45 29.35
1881-1885..................... 33.78 21.00 25.60 4.78 14.94 19.98 14.90 19.15 13.73 32.26
1886-1800-................... 38.13 14.08 25.01 5.52 16.36 22.65j 15.77 16.49 16.76 29.33
1891-1805..................... 33.67 17.21 27.22 6.32 15.67 23. 59 18.66 17.92 14.37 28.46
1896-1900..................... 26.11 18.90 24.01 9.64 21.33 29.47 15.08 15.93 13.35 26.17
1901-1905..................... 30.27 12.19 22.16 11.30 24.07 33.38 12.92 12.36 16.65 24.09
1906-1910..................... 31.68 8.90 18.12 14.23 27.07 34.56 10.08 11.80 17.82 24.84
1911-1915..................... 30.74 8.83 14.32 15.41 30.70 34.91 12.80 12.56 17.37 22.30
1915-19202.................. 18.22 9.16 17.06 15.39 39.58 40.13 12.16 16.21 17.10 14.40
1921-1025..................... 27.54 9.74 13.93 12.46 36.33 37.40 11.09 12.90 17.66 20.80
1926-1930............... — 24.40 6.40 9.72 14.14 45.35 36.80 12.56 9.88 18.89 21.88
1031-1935..................... 30.23 3.85 8.83 14.51 42.57 28.91 15.61 13.73 18.72 23.03
1910-1014..................... 33.48 5.94 13.84 16.03 30.71 35.23 12.03 11.50 18.18 23.06
1915-1019 3................... 16.13 9.62 18.09 16.67 39.47 41.33 12.41 14.13 17.64 14.48
1897............................... 29.49 17.58 22,79 9,52 20.03 26.25 16.79 16.90 11. 67 28.48
1898.............................. 24.44 25.21 23.64 8.43 18.38 31.44 10.88 13.97 12.88 24.84
1899.............................. 23.75 10.35 26.31 9.78 21.81 30.60 14.19 17.71 13.19 24.32'
1900.............................. 24.81 16.48 23.32 11.18 24.20 33.14 11.62 15.66 16.79 23.90
1901.............................. 28.17 16.83 23.09 10.16 21.76 30.88 13.43 15.25 15.49 24.96
1902.............................. 28.00 13.63 24.26 9.75 23.75 34.16 13.31 10.56 16.34 25.02
1903.............................. 20.85 13.31 23.22 10.10 23.52 32.80 11.62 11.37 19.08 25.13
1004.............................. 32. 54 9.40 21.52 12.19 24.30 33.05 13.34 11.93 16.17 26.51
1905.............................. 32. 08 7.92 18.97 14.07 26.96 35.42 13.08 13.01 15.91 22.58
ififlft 29.53 10.32 20.22 13.17 26.70 34.66 10.95 11.44 17.00 25.10
1007 32.40 9.03 18. 65 14.00 26.93 34.00 10.44 11.00 19.11 25.39
1908............................... 30.70 10.30 18.10 14.23 26.68 31.31 12.19 12.31 16.43 27.77
1909 ............................. 32.27 8.28 18.47 14.11 20.87 35.13 12.51 12.63 16.94 22.80
1010............................. 33.57 6.42 15.10 15.66 20.19 37.11 0.30 11.66 18.31 23,02
1911............................. 35.79 5.13 14. 01 15.35 29.72 34.30 11.87 11.26 18.84 23.67
1012............................. 38.69 4.00 14. 09 16. 04 30.98 34.66 13.93 11.86 17.77 21.78
1013............................. 30. 48 7.49 13. 23 10.83 31.07 35.82 11.68 10.72 19.27 22.61
1914.............................. 34.33 5.90 12.59 10.06 31.11 34.31 13.00 12.02 16. 86 23.72
1915.............................. 21.77 18.68 10.74 13.10 29.73 35.33 13. 38 17.07 14.17 20,04
1915 (Omos.)............. 16.66 8.07 16.08 14.72 43.87 41.46 14.20 12.43 15. 75 16.08
101« 15.04 7.76 11. 95 16.82 48.43 43.04 10.88 14.16 17.47 14.45
1017 18. 60 8.28 13. 08 21.39 43.77 43.56 13. 07 11.00 18.18 13.28
1Q1R 16. 07 9.05 23.25 17.41 34.22 40.70 11.41 13.12 21.43 13.34
1019............................. 20.94 8.76 25.32 11.90 33.08 43.57 13. 97 14.23 15.00 12,64
1920.............................. 23.30 11. 30 13.82 11.80 30.00 S3.79 10. 94 23,40 15. 20 lG.fil
1021 ................... 22.46 15.38 15. 66 9.38 37.12 34.23 11.90 14.68 14.41 24.71
109,9, ........ . ........... 20.25 12.18 15. 62 11.63 34.32 37.91 10. 69 12.44 17.70 21.30
1093 29. 54 6.29 14. 26 13.78 36.12 37.10 9. 68 13.08 19.00 20.34
109.A _ . 29. 03 8.73 12.75 13.57 36.32 34.86 11.77 14.40 18.17 20.70
1025.............................. 29.61 0.60 11.90 13.73 38.26 41.30 11.71 10.24 17.87 18.83
20.77 7.11 10.67 18.91 41.54 40.47 12.18 9.42 18.16 19.78
1097 ______ 25.07 8.85 9. 74 14.70 41.64 38.25 12. 00 10.77 17.02 21.00
26. 71 5.86 9. 26 14,24 44.93 35.85 13.44 0.91 18.05 22.15
22.15 5.23 9,40 14.13 40.09 35.43 12.24 9.03 20.12 22.68
1030.............................. 21.93 4. 72 9. 59 13.50 50.20 32.74 13.07 9.59 19.87 24.73
23.88 5.34 10.38 13.35 47.10 80.72 14. 58 10.03 17.80 26.27
32, 60 5.67 9.65 12.48 39.00 27.09 17.61 13.16 16.40 25.75
35.85 2.94 9.38 14.39 37.44 28.85 14. 61 14.17 20.14 22. 23
SB. 28 15.0i 1 S . U 20.21 2 2 . I S
1934.............................
1935..............................
1930..............................
1937 ...............
1938 ................
1939 ...............
31.08
30.45
27.62
21.88
19.44
10.89
2.81
2.62
2.40
3.17
8.14
3. 55
7.98
7.01
5.94
5. 39
6. 02
6.48
>Includes beverages.
» Period July 1,1916, to Doe. 31, 1920.
Source: See general note, p. 483.
10.28
16.00
16.32
20.50
16.58
10.71
44.33
47.71
49.00
49.82
53.37
28.16
28.57
30.24
32.26
20.57
32.73
15. 54
15.81
14.38
13. 73
13.34
12. 78
10.11
15. 64
16.93
14.62
15.93
13.77
18.78
20.09
20.22
21.07
19.76
21.30
a Fiscal years.

4 9 8 FOREIGN" COMMERCE
No. 562.— E x p o r t s o f U n i t e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e
N o t e .—All figures in thousands oi dollars. For basis of dollar values, see general note, p. 483. Import
footnotes. Figures cover years elided Sept. 30, 1821 to 1840, and June 30, 1850 to 1915; calendar years
the United States. Owing to the special influence of the war on the character of our trade, averages for
E X P O R T S O F U N I T E D S T A T E S M E R C H A N D I S E
i
Y E A H R Y A V E R A G E O R Y E A R
T o t a l
C r u d e
m a t e r i a l s
C r u d e
f o o d s t u f f s
M a n u ­
f a c t u r e d
f o o d s t u f f s i
S e m i -
m a n u ­
f a c t u r e s
F i n i s h e d
m a n u ­
f a c t u r e s
1 8 2 1 ............................................................................ 5 1 , 6 8 4 3 1 , 3 3 2 2 , 4 7 5 1 0 , 0 8 5 4 , 8 0 7 2 , 0 2 5
1 8 3 0 ............................................................................. 5 8 , 5 2 5 3 6 , 6 6 5 2 , 7 2 4 9 , 5 5 7 4 , 1 1 8 5 ,4 6 2
1 8 4 0 ............................................................................ 111, CC1 7 5 , 7 3 5 4 , 5 6 5 1 6 , 0 3 6 4 , 8 4 1 1 0 ,684
I 8 6 0 ............................................................................. 1 3 4 , 9 0 0 8 4 , 1 2 4 • 7 , 6 3 6 2 0 , 0 1 7 0 , 0 6 1 1 7 i 1 6 2
1 8 5 1 - 1 8 G 0 _ .......................................................... 2 3 2 , 1 4 9 1 4 3 , 1 5 6 1 6 , 3 3 7 3 5 , 7 3 4 9 , 3 1 7 2 8 ' 6 0 5
1 8 6 1 - 1 8 0 5 .............................................................. 1 7 0 , 1 9 8 3 3 , 9 9 0 3 7 , 6 7 0 68, 5 8 5 9 , 6 8 0 3 0 i 2 0 7
1 8 0 6 - 1 8 7 0 .............................................................. 3 0 7 , 6 9 0 1 7 7 , 2 9 6 2 7 , 8 5 8 4 2 , 3 0 6 14,4 0 8 4 5 , 8 2 8
1 8 7 1 - 1 8 7 6 ............................................................. 4 8 6 , 1 2 8 2 1 8 , 4 4 9 7 5 , 2 0 6 9 5 , 2 8 2 2 2 , 6 8 1 7 4 , 6 0 9
1 8 7 6 - 1 8 8 0 .............................................................. 6 6 3 , 6 5 0 2 1 3 , 9 8 9 1 5 8 , 8 5 3 1 6 1 , 9 1 6 3 0 , 1 7 4 9 8 . 7 1 0
1 8 8 1 - 1 8 8 5 ............................................................. 7 7 4 , 6 0 7 2 6 1 , 6 4 5 1 6 2 , 7 1 4 1 0 7 , 4 5 7 3 7 , 0 4 4 115,747
1 8 8 6 - 1 8 9 0 ............................... . .......................... 7 2 5 , 6 8 5 2 7 6 , 7 0 3 1 0 8 , 7 0 8 1 8 1 . 5 2 1 4 0 , 0 2 3 1 1 8 , 7 3 0
1 8 9 1 - 1 8 9 5 ............................................................. 8 7 6 , 3 2 0 2 9 5 , 0 8 7 1 6 0 , 8 4 6 2 3 8 , 5 8 0 66,3 4 3 1 3 6 , 4 7 0
3 8 9 6 - 1 9 0 0 ............................................................. 1 , 1 3 6 , 0 3 9 2 9 6 , 6 6 4 2 1 4 , 7 7 8 2 7 2 , 7 5 9 1 0 9 , 5 0 0 2 4 2 , 3 3 8
1 0 0 1 - 1 9 0 6 ............................................................. 1 , 4 2 7 , 0 2 0 4 3 2 , 0 2 7 1 7 3 . 9 7 2 3 1 6 ,226 1 6 1 , 2 0 6 3 4 3 , 6 8 9
1 0 0 0 - 1 9 1 0 ............................................................. 1 , 7 6 0 , 0 8 0 5 5 4 , 7 5 4 1 5 5 , 8 2 8 3 1 7 , 3 7 4 2 4 9 , 1 3 4 4 7 3 , 8 9 0
1 9 1 1 - 1 9 1 5 ............................................................. 2 , 3 3 1 , 6 4 8 7 1 6 , 6 3 7 2 0 5 , 9 3 9 3 3 3 , 9 7 1 3 5 9 , 2 3 9 7 1 5 , 8 6 1
1 9 1 6 - 1 0 2 0 1 ......................................................... 6 , 4 1 6 , 5 1 3 1 , 1 6 8 . 9 9 5 5 8 7 , 5 8 8 1 , 1 3 3 , 2 2 6 9 8 7 , 1 8 5 2 , 5 3 9 , 5 2 0
1 0 2 1 - 1 0 2 5 ............................................................. 4 , 3 1 0 , 2 2 1 1 , 1 8 7 , 0 5 6 4 2 0 , 0 0 2 6 0 0 , 7 1 0 5 3 0 , 7 9 3 1 , 5 6 5 , 6 6 0
1 9 2 6 - 1 9 3 0 ............................................................. 4 , 0 8 7 , 7 8 8 1 , 1 4 3 , 7 6 2 2 9 9 , 7 9 4 4 5 5 , 8 1 4 6 0 2 , 6 8 8 2 , 1 2 5 ,7 3 0
1 9 3 1 - 1 0 3 5 3.......................................................... 1 , 9 8 8 , 9 1 4 6 0 1 , 3 4 4 7 6 , 5 2 8 1 7 5 , 6 8 6 2 8 8 , 6 2 2 8 4 0 ,7 3 4
1 0 3 0 - 3 0 1 4 ............................................................. 2 , 1 3 0 , 4 2 9 7 1 3 , 1 8 4 1 2 6 , 5 0 6 2 0 4 , 9 0 8 3 4 1 , 6 2 0 6 6 4 .2 1 1
1 9 1 5 - 1 9 1 0 * .......................................................... 5 , 2 2 7 , 1 2 7 8 4 3 , 2 5 8 5 0 2 , 7 6 3 9 4 5 , 7 2 9 8 7 1 , 7 3 1 2 , 0 6 3 ,0 4 6
1 8 9 7 ............................................................................ 1 , 0 3 2 , 0 0 8 3 0 4 , 2 9 1 1 8 1 , 4 2 1 2 3 5 , 0 5 2 9 8 , 2 8 4 2 1 2 ,9 5 9
1 8 9 8 ............................................................................ 1 , 2 1 0 , 2 9 2 2 9 6 , 7 7 6 3 0 5 , 1 0 0 2 8 4 , 8 8 0 1 0 1 ,9 9 1 222,537
1 8 9 9 ............................................................................ 1 , 2 0 3 , 9 3 1 2 8 5 , 8 8 7 2 3 2 , 9 0 3 3 0 4 , 7 5 5 1 1 7 , 7 3 0 2 6 2 , 6 5 7
1 9 0 0 ............................................................................ 1 , 3 7 0 , 7 0 4 3 4 0 , 1 3 9 2 2 5 . 9 0 6 3 1 9 , 0 9 0 1 5 3 . 2 7 0 3 3 1 ,7 4 7
1001............................................................................ 1 , 4 6 0 , 4 6 3 4 1 1 , 3 7 7 2 4 5 , 8 3 6 3 3 7 , 1 5 3 1 4 8 , 3 5 1 3 1 7 ,7 4 0
1002............................................................................ 1 , 3 6 6 , 4 8 2 3 8 7 , 7 1 1 1 8 4 , 7 8 6 3 2 8 , 8 3 2 1 3 2 , 2 0 6 3 2 1 ,9 4 7
1 9 0 3 ............................................................................. 1 , 3 9 2 , 2 3 2 4 1 5 , 6 4 3 1 8 5 , 3 0 8 3 2 3 , 2 4 5 1 4 0 , 6 6 7 3 2 7 ,4 0 9
1 9 0 4 ............................................................................ 1 , 4 3 5 , 1 7 9 4 0 0 , 9 8 4 1 3 5 , 7 4 7 3 0 8 , 8 3 0 1 7 4 , 8 7 7 3 4 8 ,7 3 6
1 9 0 5 ............................................................................. 1 , 4 9 1 , 7 4 5 4 7 8 , 6 1 8 1 1 8 , 1 8 5 2 8 3 , 0 6 5 200, 0 2 6 4 0 2 , 05O
1 9 0 6 ............................................................................ 1 , 7 1 7 , 9 5 4 5 0 7 , 3 2 8 1 7 7 , 2 1 6 3 4 7 , 3 8 5 2 2 6 , 2 1 1 4 5 9 ,8 1 3
1 9 0 7 ....................................................... ; .................. 1 , 8 5 3 , 7 1 8 6 0 0 , 5 4 0 1 0 7 , 3 4 8 3 4 6 , 7 0 7 2 5 9 , 4 4 2 4 8 0 .6 8 1
1 9 0 8 ............................................................................ 1 , 3 3 4 , 7 8 6 6 6 3 , 1 0 7 1 8 9 , 0 5 2 3 3 1 , 9 0 2 2 6 1 , 1 0 6 4 8 9 ,4 7 0
1 0 0 9 ............................................................................. 1 , 6 3 8 , 3 5 6 5 2 8 , 6 0 1 1 3 5 , 6 9 4 3 0 2 , 6 5 5 2 3 1 , 1 4 4 4 4 0 ,2 7 2
1 9 1 0 ............................................................................. 1 , 7 1 0 , 0 8 4 5 7 4 , 0 1 5 1 0 9 , 8 2 8 2 5 9 , 2 0 0 2 0 7 , 7 0 6 4 9 0 ,2 1 5
1011............................................................................ 2 , 0 1 3 , 5 4 9 7 2 0 . 6 1 1 1 0 3 , 4 0 2 2 8 2 , 0 1 7 3 0 9 , 1 6 2 5 9 8 ,3 6 8
1 9 1 2 ............................................................................ 2 , 1 7 0 , 3 2 0 7 3 1 , 1 6 4 9 9 , 8 9 9 3 1 8 , 8 3 9 3 4 8 ,150 872,2Q8
1 9 1 3 . . ...................................................................... 2 , 4 2 8 , 6 0 6 7 4 0 , 2 9 0 1 8 1 , 9 0 7 3 2 1 , 2 0 4 4 0 8 , 8 0 7 776,2 9 7
1 0 1 4 ............................................................................ 2 , 3 2 9 , 6 8 4 7 9 9 , 8 3 8 1 3 7 , 4 9 5 2 9 3 , 2 1 9 3 7 4 , 2 2 4 7 2 4 ,0 0 8
1 0 1 5 ............................................................................. 2 , 7 3 0 , 1 7 8 6 9 1 , 2 8 2 5 0 6 , 9 9 3 4 5 4 , 5 7 5 3 5 5 , 8 0 2 8 0 7 ,4 6 0
1 0 1 6 ( 6 m o s . ) ................................................... 1 , 8 2 0 ,3 9 3 3 0 3 . 2 2 8 1 6 7 , 8 9 7 2 9 2 , 7 2 0 2 0 8 , 0 0 2 7 9 8 ,6 4 0
1 9 1 6 ............................................................................. 5 , 4 2 2 , 0 4 2 8 1 5 , 6 9 3 4 2 1 , 2 8 4 6 4 8 , 0 3 9 9 1 2 , 2 0 2 2 , 6 2 5 , 3 6 4
1 9 1 7 ............................................................................ 6 , 1 6 0 . 6 1 7 8 3 2 , 8 2 7 5 0 8 , 7 6 2 8 0 0 , 9 4 1 1 , 3 1 5 , 2 4 2 2,705,8 4 6
1 0 1 8 ........................................... ................................ 0 , 0 4 7 ,8 7 6 9 7 2 , 1 0 7 5 4 7 , 4 3 0 1 , 4 0 5 , 8 2 0 1 , 0 6 3 , 2 7 0 2 , 0 6 9 , 2 4 2
1 9 1 9 ............................................................................. 7 . 7 4 9 , 8 1 6 1 , 6 2 3 , 0 8 5 6 7 8 , 3 0 3 1 , 9 0 2 , 6 1 0 9 2 2 . 2 4 6 2 , 5 6 3 ,6 0 6
1020............................................................................. 8, 0 8 0 ,4 8 1 1 , 8 8 2 , 5 3 0 9 1 7 , 0 0 1 i , n o , 0 0 5 9 5 8 , 4 9 7 3 , 2 0 4 ; 8 5 8
1 9 2 1 ............................................................................ 4 , 3 7 8 , 0 2 8 9 8 3 , 6 5 3 6 7 3 , 3 3 4 686, 0 2 5 4 1 0 , 1 0 7 1, 628,849
1 9 2 2 ............................................................................ 3 , 7 0 6 , 0 0 1 9 8 8 , 4 5 6 4 6 8 , 6 1 1 5 8 7 , 9 8 7 4 3 7 , 7 3 0 1 , 2 9 2 ,3 0 7
1 9 2 3 ............................................................................ 4 , 0 9 0 , 7 1 5 1 , 2 0 8 , 4 6 8 2 5 7 , 4 7 8 5 8 3 , 2 9 2 5 6 3 , 7 1 8 1 , 4 7 7 ,7 5 0
1 0 2 4 ......................................................................... 4 . 4 0 7 , 6 4 0 1 , 3 3 2 , 7 4 6 3 9 2 , 6 9 1 5 7 3 , 4 0 2 6 1 0 , 6 6 8 1 , 5 8 8 ,0 5 2
1 9 2 5 ................................................................... ...... 4 , 8 1 8 , 7 2 2 1 , 4 2 2 , 0 5 8 3 1 7 , 8 9 4 5 7 3 , 7 5 3 6 0 1 , 6 8 3 1 , 8 4 3 ,3 3 4
1 9 2 6 ......................................................................... 4 , 7 1 1 , 7 2 1 1 , 2 6 1 , 3 2 5 3 3 6 , 0 0 3 6 0 3 , 0 0 5 6 5 5 , 5 4 7 1 , 9 5 0 ,7 8 1
1 9 2 7 ............................................................................. 4 , 7 6 8 , 8 6 4 1 , 1 9 2 , 7 7 0 4 2 1 , 1 0 7 4 0 3 , 2 9 9 6 9 9 , 7 2 7 1 , 0 8 1 ,0 5 6
1 9 2 8 .......................................................... 5 , 0 3 0 , 0 9 9 1 , 2 9 3 , 2 5 7 2 0 4 , 6 7 7 4 6 5 ,811 7 1 6 , 3 5 2 2,260,002
1 9 2 9 . ............................................. ........................... 6 , 1 6 7 , 0 8 3 1 , 1 4 2 , 3 6 2 2 6 9 , 5 9 0 4 8 4 , 3 0 4 7 2 9 , 0 1 3 2,6 3 1 ,8 2 3
1 9 3 Q ............................................................................ 3 , 7 8 1 , 1 7 2 8 2 9 , 0 9 8 1 7 8 , 5 3 3 3 0 2 , 6 5 0 5 1 2 , 8 0 2 1 , 8 9 8 ,0 8 9
1 9 3 1 . - ......................................... ......... 2 , 3 7 7 , 9 8 2 5 6 8 , 7 9 1 1 2 7 , 0 7 2 2 4 6 , 8 1 4 3 1 7 , 6 4 7 1 , 1 1 9 ,6 5 7
1 9 3 2 .......................................................... 1 , 5 7 6 , 1 5 1 5 1 3 , 6 6 0 8 9 , 4 1 0 1 5 2 ,118 1 9 6 , 7 2 7 6 2 4 ,2 2 8
1 9 3 3 .........................................................
m s «
1 , 6 4 7 ,2 2 0 5 9 0 , 5 6 6 4 8 , 3 6 6 1 5 4 , 0 0 8 2 3 7 , 0 4 1 6 1 0 ,0 3 9
1 9 3 4 ........................................................... 2 , 1 0 0 , 1 3 5 6 6 2 , 7 5 2 5 9 , 0 3 2 1 0 7 , 6 7 7 3 4 1 , 8 3 7 8 7 8 ,8 3 9
1 0 3 5 ______________________ 2 , 2 4 3 , 0 8 1 6 8 2 , 0 5 2 5 8 , 7 5 1 1 5 7 , 2 1 1 3 4 9 , 8 6 8 0 0 4 , 3 0 8
2 , 4 1 8 , 9 6 0 6 6 8 , 1 6 7 5 8 , 1 4 4 1 4 3 , 7 9 8 3 9 4 , 7 0 0 1 , 1 5 4 ,1 0 0
3 , 2 9 8 , 9 2 9 7 2 1 , 8 6 3 1 0 4 , 5 0 6 1 7 7 , 7 4 4 6 7 8 , 2 6 8 1 , 0 1 0 ,5 4 8
3 , 0 5 7 , 1 6 9 5 9 4 , 2 9 8 2 4 8 , 9 8 6 1 8 4 , 1 2 4 5 0 6 , 7 5 8 1 , 5 2 3 ,0 0 3
1 9 3 9 ............................................. 3 , 1 2 3 , 3 4 3 5 2 7 , 6 8 6 1 1 0 , 7 5 7 2 0 2 , 4 5 3 6 1 5 , 4 6 5 i ; 0 0 0 ; 0 8 2
1 Includes beverages. » Period July 1,1016, to Doo. 31,1020.
1"General imports” through 1932; "imports for consumption" thereafter.

FOREIGN COMMERCE 4 9 9
a n d I m p o r t s , b y E c o n o m ic C l a s s e s : 1821 t o 1939
data are “general Imports” through 1033, “imports for consumption” thereafter, except as Indicated in
thereafter, except as noted. For articles covered by each class see Annual Commerce and Navigation of
the fiscal years 1910-14 and 1915-19 are also shown
I M P O S T S ( S E E H E A D N O T E )
Total
Grade
materials
Crude
foodstuSs
Manuactured
Semimanufactures
foodstuffs1
Finished
manufactures
Y E A R L Y A V E R A G E O R Y E A R
54, 521 2,540 6,081 10,821 4,079 30, 009 1821.
62, 721 4,797 7,382 9,654 5,152 35, 735 1830.
98, 259 12,140 15,274 15,189 11,356 44, 300 1840.
173, 510 12, 556 18,012 21, 466 20,103 95,313 1850.
284, 475 27,304 33,286 43,004 35, 559 144, 332 1851-1860.
255, 439 36,064 36,504 44, 613 34, 744 103,514 1861-1805.
408, 295 47,814 54,018 81, 381 56, 632 168, 449 1866-1870.
577,873 93,182 81, G02 115,960 78,360 208,769 1871-1875.
492, 670 91,353 89,461 105,865 61,318 144, 673 1870-1880.
067,142 133,268 99,376 127,732 91, 625 215,141 1881-1885.
717,231 102, 436 113,130 118,224 113, 045 210,306 1886-1890.
785, 137 185,222 146,510 140,726 112,833 109,846 1891-1890.
741, 519 218, 517 111, 843 118,124 99, 005 194,030 1896-1900.
972, 162 324, 508 125, 644 120,218 161, 809 239,983 1901-1905.
1,344,838 464,809 147, 700 158, 658 239, 577 334,088 1906-1910.
1, 712,31D 597, 701 219,035 215,144 297, 476 382,063 1911-1915.
3,358, 354 1,347, 667 408, 162 544, 540 074, 42.1 483, 506 1015-1920.*
3,450. 103 1, 290,375 382, 539 448, 089 609, 225 719,875 1921-1925.
4,033,469 1,484,123 506, 010 398,310 762,034 882,385 1920-1930.
1,704,267 492,638 265,985 233,903 319,123 392,558 1931-1935.*
1, 688,874 594,957 203, 205 194,312 307, 068 389,332 1910-1914.
2, 614, 557 1, 039, 366 312, 059 355,305 443, 647 364,180 1915-1919.*
704, 730 200, 771 128,380 129,245 88, 490 217,844 1897.
616, 050 193,660 103, 985 86,091 79,289 153,025 1898.
097, 148 213,297 98, 933 123,448 91, 954 109, 616 1899.
849, 941 281,649 97, 916 133,028 134, 222 203, 126 1900.
823,172 264,104 110,385 125, 541 127, 577 205,505 1001.
003,321 308, 613 120, 280 95,350 147, 056 231,421 1902.
1, 025, 719 336,388 119,203 116, 020 196, 751 257,757 1903.
991,087 327, 649 132, 224 118,223 160, 234 252,858 1904.
1,117, 513 395,820 146, 131 145, 356 177,828 252,372 1905.
1,226, 562 423,789 134, 315 140,358 220,299 307,801 1906.
1,434, 421 487,728 149, 748 158, 056 274.090 364,193 1907.
1,194,342 373,889 145, 578 147,009 106,248 331,018 1908.
1,311,920 460,901 164, 111 106, 701 222.102 299,108 1909.
1,556.947 677,743 144,777 181, 566 285,138 367,723 1910.
1.527,226 624,817 181,195 172,006 287,780 361,422 1911.
1,653,265 573, 048 230,358 196,101 293,739 360,010 1912.
1,813,008 649,438 211, 747 194,243 349,402 408, 179 1913.
1,893,626 649,740 247, 948 227, 644 319,270 449,318 1914.
1,674.170 591, 402 223,930 285,725 237,170 335,877 1915.
912,787 378,446 130,398 113,441 143, 762 140,750 1915 (0 mos.).
2,391,636 1,020,358 260, 132 338,707 417,800 345,578 1916.
2, 952, 468 1,286, 079 385,725 351, 553 638,663 392,448 1917.
3,031,213 1,233,697 345, 653 397,370 649,585 404,908 1918.
3, 904,366 1,701,057 545, 301 555,808 008,996 403,203 1919.
5, 278,481 1, 783, 534 577,027 1,238,139 802, 456 876, 725 1920.
2, 509,148 868,858 300,181 368,311 361,747 620,051 1921.
3,112,747 1,179,894 329,809 387,419 652,077 602,047 1922.
3, 792,006 1,406,797 363,032 530,208 720,729 771,300 1923.
3, 609,963 1,258, 256 424,873 521,600 655 888 749,346 1924.
4, 220, 589 1, 748,065 494,800 432,906 755,085 795,733 1925.
4,430,888 1,792,292 539,818 417,817 804,333 876,628 1026.
4,184,742 1,600,809 504,686 450,849 749,801 878,597 1927.
4,091,444 1,466,734 549,892 405.814 702,831 906,173 1928.
4,399,361 1,558,620 538,560 423.622 885,061 993,508 1929.
3,060,908 1,002,161 400,125 293,448 608,153 757,021 1930,
2,090,035 642,173 304,828 222,316 372,043 540,275 1931.
1,322,774 358,325 232,964 173,927 216,067 340,591 1932.
1,449,559 418,151 211,813 205.370 292.005 322,220 1933.
l,48i,01S iis, esa tl5 } 190 M,1BB m , 6i$ SI 7,083 1053.*
1,036,003 460,617 254,314 263,547 307,302 350,223 1934.
2,038,905 582,443 322,327 318,828 409, 690 405,617 1035.
2,423,977 732,965 348,682 380,240 490,238 405,852 1936.
3.009,852 971,061 413,312 440,056 634.174 551,250 1937.
1,949,024 570,449 260,117 310,539 384,904 417,555 1938.
2,276,099 744,860 290,839 313,336 486,766 440,297 1939,

5 0 0 FOREIGN COMMERCE
No. 5 6 3 .—I mports op Merchandise, F ree and Dutiable,
N ote.—All figures in thousands of dollars. For basis of dollar values, see general note, p. 483. Figures
Data are "general imports” through 1933; “imports for consumption" beginning 1934. The percentage
of the dutiable general imports are reported as reexported than of the free general imports. Moreover,
1933, carpet wool used for making carpets and, for 1922 to 1928, wheat imported for milling in bond for
For adjusted figures see table 492 of the 1935 Issue of the Statistical Abstract
YEA.lt OB
YEARLY
AVERAGE
TOTAL
Free Dutiable Foroent
free
Free
CRUDE MATERIALS
Dutiable
Percent
free
CRUDE FOODSTUFFS AND
FOOD ANIMALS
Free
D utiable
Percent
free
2,018 52, 504 3,7 1.475 1,066 58.1 6,082
1WW 4] 590 58] 131 7.8 3,348 1.450 89.8 7.382
1840................. 48,314 49] 946 49.2 9,780 2,360 80.6 15,214 60 99.Q
1850................. 18,082 155,428 10.4 602 11,954 4.8 15,803 2,208 87.7
1851-1800........ 44,730 239,745 16.7 6,455 20,938 23.6 30,165 3,121 00.0
1861-1866........ 48,948 206,491 19.2 10,759 25.305 29.8 17,305 19,140 47.6
1806-1870........ 27,828 380,467 6.8 9,910 37,904 20.7 4,443 49,575 8.2
1871-1875........ 105,286 472,587 18.2 48,082 45,100 51.6 45,02G 36, 576 55.2
1878-1880------ 164,683 337,887 31.4 60,902 30.450 66.7 74.806 14, 654 83,6
1881-1885____ 204,735 462,407 30.7 91,384 41,884 68.0 70,513 22,804 77.0
188(5-1890........ 242, 521 474, 710 33.8 104,961 57, 475 64.0 90.035 23,096 79.6
1891-1895........ 402, 303 382, 774 51.2 143,613 41.010 77.6 124.808 21,702 85.2
1896-1900........ 342, 126 399,394 46.1 177,649 40,868 81.3 88,359 23,484 79.0
1901-1905---- - 420, 836 545,326 43.9 243,319 81,189 75.0 98,921 26,723 78.7
1906-1010........ 614, 825 730, 013 45.7 348,061 110,749 74.0 120. 233 27,473 81.4
1911-1915........ 961,439 760,880 66,1 491, 948 105,753 82.3 181,170 37.805 82.7
1915-1020 2, 258, 008 1,099, 747 67.3 1,196,593 152, 074 88.7 349, 926 58, 220 85.7
102.1-1925........ 2,000, 303 1,339, 800 59.7 1,030, 681 253,794 80.3 302.242 80,207 79.0
1920-1030.;... 2, 697, M7 1,430,271 64.4 I! 228,971 255,162 82.8 407, 540 99,075 sa 4
1931-1936........ 1,067, 145 640, 430 62.4 380,639 111, 703 77.4 220,717 44,532 33.2
1910-1914........ 906,796 783, 078 53.6 477,331 117, 026 80.2 104,554 38.651 81.0
1915-1919 > .... 1,744,787 769, 789 60.4 925,417 113,949 53.0 203,025 49,033 84.3
1897................. 381,938 382, 702 49.9 182,776 17,900 91.0 108,089 20,291 84.2
1698................. 291,414 324, 036 47.3 147,341 46,319 76.1 86,145 17,840 82.8
1896................. 300,280 306, 868 48.1 108,053 44,043 70.1 69,948 28,985 7R 7
1900................. 307,237 482, 704 43.2 212,820 08,820 75.6 08,722 29,194 70.2
1901................. 339, 009 488, 568 41.3 191,155 03,009 75.2 80,961 29,424 73.3
1002________ 390,819 506,502 43.9 233,242 75,371 76.6 90,287 20,903 .75.1
1903................. 426,181 599,538 41.6 249,270 87.112 74.1 80,622 32, 581 72.7
1904________ 45< 130 530,957 45.8 249,998 77, 552 76.3 110,481 21,742 83.6
1905................. 517,442 600,071 46.3 292,021 102,005 71.6 126,264 10,877 80.4
lftnrt . 549, 024 676,638 44.8 312,290 111,499 73.7 114,305 20,010 85.1
1907................. 644,030 790,391 44.9 366,164 121, 564 75.1 128,047 24.701 83.5
1908 . 526,003 668] 736 44.0 282,943 90,940 75.7 no, 5 1 0 20,008 80.0
1909................. 590,557 712,363 45.7 334,957 125,944 72.7 131,021 32,490 80.2
1910................. 755,311 801,636 48.6 443,951 133,792 70.8 113,681 31,096 78,5
1B11_ . 770,972 750,254 50.9 409,671 116,145 78.1 147,202 33,932 81,3
1912........ 881,671 771,594 53.3 453,931 119,117 79.2 180,127 50, 231 78,2
1918................. 987, 524 825, 484 64.5 519,103 130,334 70.0 179,829 31, 017 84. 9
1914. 1,127,603 766,423 59.6 660,000 89,740 80.2 201,868 40, 080 81, 4
1015................. 1,033,527 640,643 61.7 517,034 74,428 87.4 100, 703 27,167 87,0
1916 (6 mos.). 628,837 283,950 68.9 332,105 40,340 87.8 113, 550 10, 840 87,1
191R ...... 1,611,887 779,748 67.4 922,045 107,312 89.6 210, 570 43,502 83.3
1917......... 2,135, 652 816,916 72.3 1,169,041 117,038 00.9 810, 005 68, 769 82,2
1918................. 2,230,353 800,800 78.6 1.092,837 140,800 88.0 283, 535 62,118 82.0
lfilfl 2,698,703 1,205, 662 69.1 1, 508, 164 192,894 88.7 480,850 64.444
1920................. 3,117,010 2,161, 471 69.1 1, 551,570 231,904 87.0 513,117 64,510 88.8
1921................. 1,662,202 940,856 62.3 750,640 108,219 87.4 263,703 46,477 84.fi
19224............... 1,871,917 1,240,830 80.1 963,150 210,744 81.0 249.600 80,209 7377
1923 *............... 2,135,942 1, 650, 124 66.3 1,091,393 315,404 77.0 279,222 83,810 76.9
19244 2, OfiO, 006 1, 529,867 57.6 077,635 280.021 77.7 335. 741 89,132
19254............ 2,G5i; 266 1, 575,323 62.7 1,400,083 347,982 80.1 392,942 101,858
IflWW 2,853,411 1, 577,477 64.4 1.483,772 308.520 82.8 438,594 101,224 81.2
19274 2,621,873 1,562,860 62.7 1.316,237 286,672 82.2 802,071 111,715 77.9
2,616,239 1,476,205 68.9 1.222,411 244,323 83.3 431.587 118,305
19294 2,843,354 1,556,007 64.6 1.289,317 209.303 83.0 443,372 95,188 82.4
1930*_______ 2,051,110 1,009,798 67.0 834,120 168,041 83.2 331,170 68,916 82.8
m i 4 1,381,436 709,199 66.1 624,541 117,632 81.7 200,124 36,704 88.3
16324 870* 043 443,731 66.5 286,781 71,594 80.0 207,438 25,526 SO, 0
19334 878/100 571,459 60.6 208,250 119,900 71.3 190.199 21, 014
1934 991,161 644,842 60.6 345,395 115,222 76.0 200,404 44,910
1936................. 1,205] 987 832,918 59.2 448,276 134,167 76.9 227, 422 94, 905 /0.5
1936............... 1,384, 937 1, 039, 040 57.1 560,438 172, 527 70.5 235, 550 lit}, 131
1937................. 1,765,248 1* 244', 605 58.7 752,037 218,424 77.6 274,873 138,438 66.6
1938................ l] 182] 606 '766]929 60.7 440,428 130,021 77.4 210,434 40,682 84.4
1939................. 1,307,280 878,819 61.4 681,910 102,950 78.1 235,480 66,359
1Includes beverages, j period July 1,1916 .to Dw, 81.1930, * Fiscal years,

FOREIGN COMMERCE 501
a n d P ercent F ree, b y E conomic Classes: 1821 t o 1939
cover years ended Sept. 30, 1321 to 1840, and Juno SO, 1850 to 1015; calendar years thereafter, except as noted,
free in general': mports is normally slightly lowert hen in imports for consumption because relatively more
in the period 1922-1033, there is an understatement of the free goods in general imports because, for 1022 to
export were reported as dutiablo when entered, although no duty was ultimately paid on tbeso products
M A N U F A C T U R E D FO O D S T U F F S 1 SEM IM A N U F A C T U R E S F IN IS H E D M A N U F A C T U R E S
F r e e Dutiable Percent
free
Free
D u t i a b l e
P e r c e n t
f r e e
F r e e
Dutiable P e r c e n t
f r e e
Y E A R O R
Y EA R L Y
A V E R A G E
1 0 ,8 2 1 4 8 8 3 , 6 9 1 1 2 .0 5 5 3 0 , 6 4 4 0 . 2 1 8 2 1 .
$ 6 5 4 3 ,2 1 1 3 , 9 4 2 2 3 . 6 3 1 3 5 , 7 0 3 .1 1 8 3 0 .
1 ,0 2 1 1 4 * 1 6 8 6 : 7 4 ,9 6 2 0 , 3 9 4 4 3 . 7 1 7 ,3 3 7 2 0 , 9 6 3 3 9 . 1 1 8 4 0 .
2 1 ,4 6 6 7 6 4 2 5 ,3 9 0 2 . 9 9 1 1 9 4 ,4 0 1 1 . 0 1 8 5 0 .
2 , 4 2 6 4 1 , 4 7 7 5 . 5 3 , 4 1 9 3 2 ,1 4 0 9 . 6 2 , 2 6 5 1 4 2 ,0 6 7 1 . 6 1 8 5 1 -1 8 0 0 .
4 , 0 7 1 3 9 , 9 4 2 1 0 . 5 7 ,9 8 0 2 0 ,7 6 4 2 3 . 0 8 , 1 7 3 9 6 , 3 1 1 7 . 9 1 8 6 1 -1 8 6 5 .
1 , 8 4 7 7 0 ,5 3 4 2 . 3 6 , 7 2 2 4 9 ,0 1 0 1 1 .9 4 , 9 0 6 1 6 3 ,5 1 3 2 . 9 1 8 6 6 -1 8 7 0 .
3 7 1 1 1 5 ,6 8 9 . 3 6 ,2 5 5 7 2 ,1 0 5 8 . 0 5 ,5 5 2 2 0 3 . 2 1 6 2 . 7 1 8 7 1 -1 8 7 5 ,
3 ,2 4 4 1 0 2 ,0 2 1 3 . 1 9 ,1 1 4 6 2 ,2 0 4 1 4 .9 6 , 6 1 6 1 3 7 ,9 5 7 4 . 6 1 8 7 0 -1 8 8 0 .
9 ,2 4 0 1 1 8 ,4 9 3 7 . 2 1 6 ,2 0 9 7 6 ,4 1 0 1 6 .6 1 2 ,3 8 9 2 0 2 ,7 6 1 6 . 8 1 8 8 1 -1 8 8 5 .
1 8 ,6 6 4 1 0 4 ,6 6 0 1 1 . 6 1 9 ,1 7 5 9 3 ,8 7 0 1 7 .0 1 4 ,6 8 6 1 0 5 .7 0 9 7 . 0 1 8 8 6 -1 8 9 0 .
9 2 ,0 7 8 4 8 ,0 4 9 6 5 . 4 2 5 ,6 1 4 8 7 ,2 1 9 2 2 .7 1 6 ,2 6 1 1 8 3 ,5 0 4 8 . 1 1 8 9 1 -1 8 9 5 .
1 8 ,9 5 0 9 9 ,1 7 3 1 6 . 0 3 4 ,5 6 5 6 4 ,4 4 0 3 4 . 9 2 2 ,0 0 2 1 7 1 ,4 2 9 1 1 .6 1 8 0 6 -1 9 0 0 .
3 .1 8 9 1 1 7 ,0 2 9 2 . 7 5 0 ,0 4 3 1 0 1 ,8 6 6 3 7 . 0 2 1 ,4 6 5 2 1 8 , 6 1 8 8 . 9 1 9 0 1 -1 9 0 5 .
6 ,4 9 8 1 6 3 ,1 6 0 3 . 6 1 0 2 ,1 9 8 1 3 7 ,3 7 0 4 2 . 7 3 8 ,8 3 5 2 0 5 ,2 5 3 1 1 .0 1 9 0 0 -1 9 1 0 .
2 6 , G20 1 8 9 ,6 1 7 1 1 .9 1 6 7 ,8 6 3 1 2 9 ,0 1 2 5 0 .4 9 4 ,8 3 2 2 8 8 .1 3 1 2 4 . 8 1 9 1 1 -1 9 1 6 .
7 3 ,1 4 2 4 7 1 ,4 0 7 1 3 . 4 4 2 4 ,2 4 3 1 5 0 ,1 7 7 7 3 .9 2 1 5 ,7 0 4 2 0 7 , 8 0 2 4 4 . 6 1 9 1 5 - 1 9 2 0 .'
5 6 ,6 2 0 3 9 1 ,4 6 9 1 2 . 0 4 1 1 ,8 0 2 1 9 7 ,4 2 3 6 7 .6 2 5 3 ,0 5 8 4 6 6 , 8 1 7 3 6 . 2 1 0 2 1 -1 0 2 5 .
7 3 ,7 0 6 3 2 4 ,6 0 3 1 8 . 6 5 4 3 ,2 4 5 2 1 8 ,7 8 9 7 1 .3 3 4 3 ,7 3 5 5 3 8 ,6 5 0 3 9 . 0 1 9 2 6 -1 9 3 0 .
7 2 ,4 0 6 1 6 4 ,3 3 2 3 0 . 6 2 1 8 ,0 7 8 1 0 1 ,5 2 3 6 8 . 2 1 7 5 ,2 4 5 2 1 8 , 3 4 0 4 4 . 5 1 9 3 1 -1 9 3 5 .
1 7 ,2 9 0 1 7 7 ,0 2 2 8 . 9 1 6 0 ,1 6 0 1 4 6 ,0 0 2 5 2 .2 8 6 ,4 5 5 3 0 2 , 8 7 7 2 2 . 2 1 9 1 0 -1 9 1 4 .
5 9 ,1 8 4 2 9 6 ,1 2 2 1 6 . 7 3 4 0 ,6 7 7 1 0 2 ,9 7 0 7 6 .8 1 5 6 ,4 6 4 2 0 7 ,7 1 6 4 3 . 0 1 9 1 6 -1 9 1 9 . <
1 7 ,0 8 2 1 1 2 ,1 6 3 1 3 . 2 3 0 .5 6 6 . 4 8 ,9 2 5 4 4 , 7 3 4 , 4 2 7 1 8 3 ,4 1 7 1 5 .8 1 897.
1 8 ,8 7 4 6 7 ,2 1 7 2 1 . 9 2 3 ,7 3 9 5 5 ,5 5 0 2 9 . 0 1 6 ,3 1 6 1 3 7 .7 0 9 1 0 .0 1 898.
1 9 ,7 8 3 1 0 3 ,6 6 5 1 6 . 0 2 0 ,2 2 0 6 5 ,7 2 8 2 8 . 5 1 6 ,6 7 0 1 6 3 , 8 4 7 9 . 2 1 899.
2 3 ,1 1 0 1 0 9 ,9 1 8 1 7 . 4 4 5 ,5 7 8 8 8 ,0 4 4 3 4 . 0 1 7 ,0 0 7 1 8 0 , 1 1 9 8 . 4 1 900.
2 , 8 1 7 1 2 2 ,7 2 4 2 . 2 4 4 ,7 0 0 8 2 ,8 7 7 3 5 . 0 1 0 ,0 7 0 1 8 5 .5 3 0 9 . 7 1 901.
3 ,0 6 8 9 2 ,2 8 8 3 . 2 6 1 ,1 8 8 9 6 , 5 1 9 3 4 . 6 1 9 ,0 8 4 2 1 2 . 3 3 6 8 . 2 1 902.
3, 417 1 1 3 ,2 0 3 2 . 9 , 6 7 ,2 5 8 1 2 8 ,4 9 3 3 4 . 4 1 0 ,0 0 9 2 3 8 , 1 4 9 7 . 6 1 9 0 3 .
3 ,3 2 8 1 1 4 ,8 9 5 2 . 8 0 5 ,5 5 8 9 4 , 0 7 6 4 0 .0 2 4 ,7 6 5 2 2 8 , 0 9 2 9 . 8 1 004.
3 , 3 1 7 1 4 2 ,0 3 9 2 . 3 7 1 ,0 0 1 100, 7 6 7 4 0 .0 2 3 ,8 0 0 2 2 8 , 4 8 2 9 . 5 1 905.
3 ,3 4 9 1 8 7 ,0 0 0 2 . 4 0 1 ,1 7 2 1 2 9 ,1 2 6 4 1 .4 28, 5 0 8 2 7 9 ,2 0 4 9 . 3 1 9 0 6 .
4 ,1 0 5 154, 551 2 . 0 116. 7 2 2 1 5 7 ,3 7 4 4 2 .6 3 1 ,0 9 2 8 3 2 ,2 0 1 8 . 8 1 907.
5, 4 6 9 141, 6 4 0 8 . 7 84, 721 111, 528 4 3 .2 3 5 ,0 0 1 2 9 5 , 6 5 7 1 0 ,8 1 9 0 8 .
6 ,1 7 7 1 6 0 ,5 2 4 3 . 1 0 5 ,0 7 9 1 2 7 ,0 2 3 4 2 .8 3 2 ,7 2 3 2 6 6 ,3 8 4 1 0 .9 1 909.
6 ,3 6 1 1 7 2 ,1 7 0 5 . 2 1 2 3 ,2 9 5 1 0 1 ,8 4 3 43. 2 6 4 , 9Q 3 8 0 2 , 7 3 0 1 7 .7 1 9 1 0 .
12, 3 3 9 1 5 0 ,0 6 8 7 . 2 142, 773 145, 013 49. 6 6 4 ,9 2 8 2 9 0 , 4 9 5 1 8 .0 1 911.
1 6 ,6 2 9 1 7 9 ,4 7 1 8 . 5 1 5 3 ,2 6 8 1 4 0 ,4 8 1 5 2 .2 77, 7 2 5 2 8 2 ,2 0 4 2 1 .0 1912.
1 0 ,8 8 9 1 8 3 ,3 0 4 6 . 6 1 8 0 , 5 8 0 168, 8 2 2 5 1 .7 9 7 ,1 2 2 3 1 1 , 0 5 7 2 3 .8 1 9 1 8 .
3 7 ,2 0 2 1 9 0 ,4 4 3 1 6 .3 2 0 0 ,9 2 5 1 1 8 ,3 5 0 6 2 .9 127, 5 0 8 3 2 1 , 8 1 0 2 8 .4 1914.
5 1 ,0 7 3 234, 0 6 2 1 7 . 9 1 0 1 ,7 8 1 ■ 7 5 ,3 9 0 0 8 .2 1 0 6 ,8 7 0 2 2 0 , 0 0 1 3 1 .8 1 916.
2 0 ,0 8 2 9 3 ,3 0 9 1 7 . 7 1 0 3 ,7 1 7 4 0 ,0 3 5 7 2 . 2 5 9 ,3 8 3 8 7 , 3 6 7 4 0 .5 1 9 1 5 ( O r a o s .)
3 7 ,4 0 1 3 0 1 ,3 0 0 1 1 . 0 2 0 0 ,2 6 5 118, 5 0 5 7 1 .0 1 3 6 ,6 0 6 2 0 8 , 9 7 2 3 0 .5 1916.
6 9 ,2 5 5 2 0 2 ,2 0 8 1 6 . 9 4 2 2 ,0 2 1 114, 6 4 2 7 8 .0 1 0 8 ,2 7 0 2 2 4 , 1 7 8 4 2 .9 1917.
9 1 ,7 2 4 3 0 0 ,0 4 0 2 3 . 1 5 0 1 ,4 4 8 8 8 ,1 3 7 8 0 . 4 2 0 0 ,8 0 0 2 0 4 , 0 9 9 4 9 .0 1918.
6 0 ,5 0 4 4 8 0 ,8 0 4 1 2 . 5 3 0 0 ,5 7 0 2 0 9 ,4 1 8 65. 6 2 4 0 ,0 0 1 2 5 2 , 0 0 2 4b. 8 1919.
124,314 1 , 1 1 3 ,8 2 6 1 0 . 0 5 4 7 ,3 0 8 2 5 5 , 1 4 9 6 8 .2 3 8 0 ,7 0 2 4 9 0 , 0 2 3 43. 4 1 020.
6 3 ,6 0 4 3 1 4 ,7 0 7 1 4 . 6 2 3 0 ,4 6 8 1 2 5 ,2 8 0 6 5 .4 2 6 7 ,8 8 7 3 0 2 , 1 6 4 4 3 . 2 1921.
4 3 ,1 1 5 3 4 4 ,3 0 4 1 1 . 1 3 7 0 ,8 7 1 1 8 1 ,8 0 0 0 7 .1 2 4 5 ,1 8 1 4 1 7 , 7 0 7 3 7 . 0 1 0 2 2 .1
5 2 ,1 6 4 4 7 8 ,0 4 4 9 . 8 4 7 1 ,7 7 5 2 4 8 ,0 5 4 6 5 .5 2 4 1 ,3 8 8 5 2 9 , 9 1 2 3 1 .3 1 023. ‘
02, 0 4 4 4 5 0 ,5 5 0 1 3 . 9 4 0 2 ,8 0 8 1 9 2 ; 9 8 9 7 0 . 0 2 4 1 ,7 7 8 6 0 7 , 5 0 8 3 2 .3 1924. *
7 2 ,1 7 1 3 0 0 ,7 3 6 1 6 . 7 5 1 7 ,0 1 0 2 3 8 ,0 7 5 0 8 .5 2 6 9 ,0 6 0 5 2 6 ,6 7 3 3 3 .8 1 0 2 6 . *
5 7 ,1 9 2 3 0 0 ,0 2 6 1 3 .7 6 6 8 ,3 7 9 2 3 5 ,9 5 4 7 0 . 7 3 0 5 ,4 8 1 5 7 1 , 1 4 7 3 4 . 8 1 926. ‘
7 5 ,6 9 8 3 7 5 ,1 5 1 1 6 . 8 5 2 7 ,1 8 7 2 2 2 ,6 1 4 7 0 .3 3 1 0 ,7 8 0 5 6 7 ,8 1 7 3 5 . 4
7 5 ,1 1 5 3 3 0 ,6 9 9 1 8 . 5 5 4 1 ,4 6 0 2 2 1 ,3 7 6 7 1 . 0 3 4 6 ,6 7 1 5 0 0 , 5 0 2 3 8 .1 1 9 2 8 . 4
8 2 ,3 7 5 3 4 1 ,2 4 7 1 9 . 4 6 3 0 ,5 8 0 2 5 4 ,4 6 5 7 1 .2 3 0 7 .7 0 4 5 9 5 . 8 0 4 4 0 . 0 1020.*
7 8 ,1 5 3 2 1 6 ,2 9 5 2 6 . 6 4 4 8 ,0 1 8 1 5 0 ,5 3 0 7 3 .8 3 5 0 ,0 4 1 3 9 7 ,9 8 1 4 7 . 4 1 0 3 0 . *
0 4 ,1 0 9 1 5 8 ,2 0 7 2 8 . 8 2 0 7 ,6 4 0 1 0 4 ,3 9 4 7 1 . 9 2 6 6 ,0 1 2 2 9 3 ,2 6 3 4 6 . 6 1 9 3 1 .*
66. 640 1 0 7 ,2 8 7 3 8 . 3 1 4 7 ,9 0 3 6 9 ,0 0 4 0 8 . 2 1 7 0 ,2 7 1 1 7 0 ,3 2 0 6 0 . U
7 8 ,4 0 2 1 2 6 ,8 7 8 3 8 . 2 1 7 7 ,0 8 9 1 1 4 ,0 1 0 6 1 .0 1 3 3 .1 7 0 1 8 9 ,0 5 1 4 1 . 6 1 9 3 3 . *
7 8 ,7 0 3 1 8 4 ,7 6 4 2 0 . 9 2 1 2 ,1 4 5 9 5 ,1 5 7 0 9 . 0 1 4 5 ,4 2 4 2 0 4 , 7 9 9 4 1 . 6 1 0 4 4 .
74, 206 2 4 4 , 533 2 3 . 3 2 3 4 , 6 4 4 1 2 5 ,0 4 6 6 9 .4 1 7 1 ,3 4 9 2 3 4 , 2 5 8 4 2 . 2 1 0 3 5 .
7 9 ,1 7 0 3 0 7 ,0 0 3 2 0 .5 3 2 2 ,0 4 1 1 6 7 ,5 9 7 6 5 .8 1 8 7 ,1 3 2 2 7 8 ,7 2 1 4 0 . 2 1036.
91, 030 3 4 8 ,4 2 6 2 0 . 8 4 3 1 ,0 3 8 2 0 2 ,2 3 6 0 8 .1 2 1 4 ,1 0 9 3 3 7 , 0 8 1 3 8 . 0 1937.
0 5 ,1 9 6 245, 343 2 1 . 0 2 0 0 ,4 2 2 1 1 8 ,5 4 2 6 0 .2 1 8 5 ,2 1 5 2 3 2 , 3 4 0 4 4 . 4 1038.
0 0 ,7 6 8 2 4 0 ,5 0 8 2 1 . 3 3 0 6 ,5 7 1 1 8 0 ,1 9 5 0 3 . 0 2 0 6 ,5 5 1 2 3 3 , 7 4 0 4 0 . 0
1See beadnote regarding the understatement of the value of free goods.
Source: See general note, p. 483.

5 0 2 . FOREIGN COMMERCE
N o . 564.— F o re ig n T r a m W ith E ach C o n tin en t, by Economic C lasses'
1921 t o 1939
N ote.—Values in millions and tenths of millions of dollars. “Manufactured foodstuffs” includes beverages
Exports, TJ. S. merchandise-
Noith America 1_________
Crude materials...............
Crude foodstuffs 1______
Semimanufactures-.
Crude materials.................
Crude foodstuffs... .............
Manufactured foodstuffs -.
Semimanufactures..............
Finished manufactures___
Europe13............................... .
Crude materials________
Crude foodstuffs1___ ____
Semimanufactures............
Finished manufactures-..
Asia 3__________________
Crude materials................
Crude foodstuffs...............
Manufactured foodstuffs.
Semimanufactures............
Finished manufactures___
Oceania_______________
Crude materials--..........
Crude foodstuffs—. .........
Manufactured foodstuffs.
Semimanufactures...........
Finished manufactures..
Africa..................................
Crude materials..............
• Crude foodstuffs.- _.........
Manufactured foodstuffs.
Semimanufactures...........
Finished manufactures___
Importss________________
North America—__________
Crude materials-...............
Crude foodstuffs___ ____ _
Manufactured foodstuffs...
Semimanufactures.............
Finished manufactures__
South America____________
Crude materials________
Crude foodstuffs.................
Manufactured foodstuffs...
Semimanufactures............ .
Europe K................ .
Crude materials..
Crude foodstuffs..
Semimanufactures__
Finished manufactures___
Asia3________ _____ ____
Crude materials................ .
Crude foodstuffs...............
Manufactured foodstuffs..
Semimanufactures........... .
Finished manufactures___
Oceania____________ ____
Crude materials................
Crude foodstuffs.............
Manufactured foodstuffs..
Semimanufactures...........
Finished manufactures...
Africa______ ___________
Crude m aterials..______
Crude foodstuffs................
Manufactured foodstuffs..
Semimanufactures.............
Finished manufactures___
1921- 1926-
1989 '
1031-
1025, 1930, 1935, 1936 1931 1938
average average average
Total
Agricultural
agricul*
Non*
tural
4,310.3 4,687. B 1,088,9 2,419.0 3, 298. 9 3,057.2 3,123. 3 655.1 2,488.8
1,029.3 1,177.0 445.2 598.4 816.1 721.3 777.8 107.7 670. X
165.0 170.6 95.1 123.0 145.7 117.7 130.0 24.2 105.8
127.8 115.1 21.4 23.6 38.9 76.1 34.8 34.3 .5
112.7 100.2 33.7 34.4 45.9 44.4 49.3 45.0 3,4
122.6 101.8 66.4 85.1 126.9 99.0 119.7 1.0 117.8
500. 3 623.3 228.6 332.3 458.7 383.9 444.0 1.4 442.5
204. L 445.4 140.1 202.6 316.4 298.1 326.5 19.5 307.1
7.9 7.1 3.4 4.9 7.2 7.1 10.3 3.0 6 .4
4.0 7.8 4.3 1.4 3.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 (!)
21.9 29.3 0.5 6.1 9.3 10.3 13.7 12.3 1.4
46.1 05.8 22.0 28.0 45.1 34.8 53. 5 .3 63.2
214.3 335.4 104,0 162.2 251.1 243.3 240. S . 5 246. Q
2, 270. 6 2, 206.6 044.2 1,008.2 1,337.0 I, 311.4 1 ,268.0 411.4 863,6
873.5 773.1 352.2 402.5 441.7 340.8 275.9 232.0 43.0
270.4 164.6 44.6 29.6 67.9 166.2 67. 4 06.7 7
419.6 276.9 110.5 86.2 99.2 107.8 113.9 105.8 8.0
263.7 318.7 134.5 176.5 288.1 228.9 264.8 2.5 262.3
440.3 673.4 290.4 333.5 451.0 461.7 543.2 4.5 538.7
* 637.7 670.7 348.fi 397.6 578.2 514.9 600.0 9B, 7 431.4

FOREIGN COMMERCE 503
No. 5 6 5 .— F o r e ig n T r a d e — P e r c e n t E a c h C o n t in e n t F u r n is h e s or T a k e s
o r T o t a l in E a c h E c o n o m ic C l a s s: 1926 to 1939
Note.—Percentages are based on data shown in table 864, except that oaloulations were made from the
full figures
CONTINENT
1930 1937 1938 1939
Crudo materials
1020- 1931-
1930, ms,
average
averago
1020- 1931-
1930, 1935,
average
average
1936 1937 1938 1939
Foodstuffs and beverages
Exports (U. S. m dse.):
North America.......... — 15.4 15.8 18.4 20.2 19.8 24.6 28.5 21.9 28.7 30.0 27.8 26.9
South America......... .6 .0 .7 1.0 1.2 2.0 4.9 4.3 3.7 4.6 3.0 6.2
Europe—. ..................— 67.6 68.0 60.2 61.2 58.4 52.3 58.4 63.8 67.3 66.7 63.3 67.9
Asia and Oceania_____ 16.9 24.0 20.2 17.2 20.1 20.6 7.2 8.7 8.0 7.5 5.0 8.9
Africa.............................. .5 .4 .4 .4 .6 .6 1.0 1.3 2.3 2.2 1.0 1.2
Im ports:1
North America_______ 12.1 10.7 10.0 8.6 11.6 10.7 38.4 32.0 41.7 35.1 33.1 35.1
South America.............. 11.6 13.3 13.9 14.4 13.8 14.9 31.6 29.6 21,3 25.4 25.6 23.9
Europe.......................... 17.3 19.2 19.5 16.3 15.7 12.6 14.2 15.8 18.3 17.7 20.1 18. C
Asia and Oceania_____ 55.9 53.7 53.1 57.5 53.1 55.8 13.8 20.6 16.2 17.2 18.9 19.1
Africa............................. 3.2 3.0 3.6 4.2 6.8 0.2 2.0 2.1 2.5 4.6 2.3 3.2
Semimanufactures
Finished manufactures
Exports (U. S. mdse.):
North America_______ 24.4 23.0 21.5 18.7 19.5 19.4 29.3 27.0 28.8 28.4 25.2 26.0
South Ameriea.............. 9.9 7.6 7.1 6.6 0.9 8.7 15.8 12.3 14.1 15.5 16.0 14.8
Europe........................... 48.1 46.0 44.7 42.5 45.2 43.0 81.7 35.0 28.9 27.9 30.3 32.6
Asia and Oceania_____ 10.4 20.9 24.1 29.7 25.9 26.5 19.1 19.7 20.0 20.4 22.1 20.4
Africa.................... ........ 1.2 1.8 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.4 4.2 6.0 8.3 7.8 6.4 5.6
Im ports:1
North America........... 24.2 24.4 23.3 22.4 25.3 27.2 25.9 31.0 27.0 28.0 30.0 32.2
South America.............. 11.1 8.1 6.2 8.3 9.1 8.6 .6 .8 .4 .4 .6 .7
Europo........................... 42.7 44.0 41.5 39.0 40.7 39.9 60.7 50.3 51.2 49.7 49.4 48.0
Asia and Oceania_____ 18.9 21.7 28.0 29.0 23.6 22.4 16.7 17.6 21.1 21.6 19.7 18.7
A frica..._______ _____ 3.2 1.8 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.8 .2 .2 .3 .2 .3 .3
i "General imports” through 1933; "imports for consumption” thereafter.
N o. 5 6 6 .— F o r e ig n T r a d e — P e r c e n t E a c h E c o n o m ic C la ss F o r m s o p T o ta l
f o r E a c h C o n t in e n t : 1926 to 1939
Note.—Percentages are based on data shown in table 664, except that calculations were made from the
full figures
CLASS
1920- 1031-
1930, 1935,
average
a v e r­
age
1039 1937 1938 1939
1920- 1931-
1930, 1935,
average
a v e r­
age
1036 1937 1938 1939
North Amerioa
South America
Exports (XT. S. mdse.)........... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Orude materials.......... 16.0 21.4 20.6 17.0 10,8 16.7 1.6 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 3.2
Foodstuffs .............. 18.8 12.4 9.7 10.4 10.7 10. H 8.3 7.7 3,7 4.1 4.3 5.(1
Semimanufactures__ ... 13.8 14.9 14,2 16.5 13.7 15.4 14.8 15.7 13.8 14.3 11.7 16.4
Finished manufactures. 63.0 51.3 55. 5 50.2 53.2 57.1 75.3 74.2 80.1 79.3 81.6 76.6
Imports .......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Crude materials............ 19.2 12.8 11.8 12,8 14.0 14.0 31.3 20.0 35.0 34.0 30.3 36.9
Foodstuffss................... 36.9 38.8 49.4 44.1 30.5 37.5 52.3 01.1 54.0 52.0 55.5 48.1
Semimanufactures____ 19.6 18.8 18.5 20.0 20.8 23.4 15.fi 10.6 10.4 12.8 18.4 14.0
Finished manufactures. 24.3 29.6 20.3 22.7 26.2 26.1 .9 1.4 .7 .0 .9 1.0
Europe
Asia and Oceania
Exports (U. S. mdse.)_____ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0
Crude materials............ 36.0 37.3 39.1 33.0 26.4 21.8 24.2 37.3 28.3 18.3 10.0 17.0
Foodstuffs 2................... 20.0 17.1 11.3 11.7 20.9 14.8 7.2 5.0 8.4 3.1 3.5 4 .4
Semimanufactures........ 14,4 14.2 17.2 21.5 17.5 20.9 14.5 15.2 20.0 29.7 21,5 25.5
Finished manufactures. 30.5 31.4 32.4 33,7 35.2 42.9 54.0 42.0 48.4 48.8 55.3 63.1
Imports t ............ ................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Crude materials............ 2 1 .2 18.5 19.8 18.0 lfi.fi lfi.2 06.6 52.2 52,3 55.4 52.. 2 67.6
Foodstuffs2................... 10.0 1fi.fi 18.7 18.4 20.2 18.4 10.1 20.4 10.0 14.6 18.4 16.0
S emimanufactures____ 26.9 27.4 28.3 80.1 27.0 31.8 11.5 13.7 18.5 18.2 15.4 16.1
Finished manufactures. 41.3 38.6 33.2 33.4 30.3 34.6 11.8 13.7 13.2 11.8 14.0 11,4
i "General imports” through 1933; "Imports for consumption” thereafter. * Includes beverages.
Source of tables 568 and 686: See general note, p. 483.

5 0 4 FOREIGN COMMERCE
N o. 5 6 7 .— E x p o r t s ( I n c l u d in g R e e x p o r t s ) a nd G e n e r a l
Note.—All figures in thousands of dollars. For basis of dollar values, see general note, p. 483. Figures
concerning averages for 1810-14 and J015-18. The Philippine Islands are included with Asia for ail years;
and Hawaiian Islands are with Oceania prior to 1001. Exports to Northern North America and to Europe
of tho 1035 Statistical Abstract and the Trade Promotion Bulletins Nos. 198 and 215. Such shipments
EXPORTS
yearly average
OR YEAR
Total
North America
Northerni Southern
America South Europe! Asia Oceania Africa
1821 ................. 54,406 2,302 11,965 2, 208 35, 675 1,977 71 300
1R3G 71,071 2,802 14,723 4,586 47, 393 1,906 27 234
ifun 123, 000 6,090 17,241 5,714 92,039 1, 660 330 696
iftm 144,876 9,519 14,234 7,730 108, 038 3, 028 190 087
I860..................... 333, 578 22,883 29,273 16,706 240,425 8,100 4,902 3,227
160, 020 16,618 34,003 12,020 D6, 744 2,350 4,016 1,273
1R70 302,772 21,703 31,100 16,188 313,316 5,773 3,873 1,320
601, 841 32,034 36,188 20,235 402,208 5,029 3,969 2,117
1870-1880..........— 070,701 33,714 36,303 22,087 602, 202 11, 230 7,437 3,782
IRftl-IRflR 791,892 42,030 44,830 28,212 041,824 17, 526 12,785 4,074
1880-1800............ 738, 379 33,768 43,063 32,046 585,681 20,389 15,070 3,3B2
892; 421 49,310 60,724 33,247 709,230 20,672 13,966 6,263
laflo-ifinn 1,167, 318 79,961 65,376 35,699 887,401 45,263 26,338 17,281
loni-ifinfi 1,463,803 124,560 97,733 46,246 1,050,540 76,942 29,738 28,014
lonn-ifim 1,778,097 180,886 164,743 82,142 1,212,978 97,240 32,358 18,409
ion-wifi 2,370,530 337,091 182,316 122,243 1,617,404 133,348 51,506 26,632
101/5-1920 J 8, 521,100 780,221 503.439 360,744 4,123,523 502,470 109,121 81,663
1001-1925 4,397,027 627,382 444,677 297,116 2,318,244 498,553 141,426 60,720
102(1-1330...____ 4, 777,314 829,868 403,176 447,860 2,280,601 573,086 177, m 100, m
1£W1—103R 2,025,196 300,372 162,435 141,074 960,158 349,911 48,808 62,377
lain-itm 2,165,818 310,800 181,205 121,028 1,350.300 121,042 47,715 24,038
loin-iftlfti 5,308,823 638,704 340,071 250,837 3,534,473 403,716 87,262 52,800
1807..................... 1,050,904 66,106 58,702 33,769 813,386 39,370 22,558 10,053
1808..................... 1,231,482 85,006 64,533 38,822 973,808 44,830 21,876 17,516
1890..................... 1.227.023 89,765 08,167 35,660 936,602 48,704 20,471 18,594
1000..................... 1,394,4SB 07,517 00,078 38,946 1,040,168 67,554 40,751 19,470
1901................. 1,487, 765 107,907 88,567 44,400 1,136,505 53,418 31,366 25.643
1002................... 1,881,710 III, 877 02,004 38,044 1,008,034 60,203 29,000 33,400
1903. —- ............. 1,420,142 125.967 80, 615 41,138 1,029,257 62.398 33,430 38,437
1004..................... 1,460,827 133,000 100,950 50,765 1,057,930 64,084 28,018 . 24,230
1906..................... 1,618,602 143,030 117, 540 56,894 1,020,973 134,705 26,870 18,541
1000.............. — - 1,743,885 159,800' 148,577 75,100 1, 200,100 110,911 20,082 10,502
1907..................... 1,880,851 186,176 103, 604 82,157 1, 208, 452 101, 366 32,526 16,511
1908..................... 1,800,773 170, 609 154,005 83,584 1, 283, 000 113,247 36,327 20,341
1909..................... 1, 063, Oil 107,423 142,054 70, 562 1,140, 755 82,082 30,200 17,035
1910..................... 1,744,985 220,104 165,416 93,247 1,135, 915 77, 694 34,057 18,651
1911..................... 2,049, 820 274,478 182, 582 108,805 1,308, 270 105,140 46,338 23,607
1912..................... 2, 204, 322 333,900 182,938 132,310 1,341,733 141,198 48,200 24,013
1913..................... 2, 465,884 420, m 107,009 146,148 1,479,076 140,441 53,718 20,059
ig il..................... 2,364, 570 350,563 178, 082 124,540 1,480,499 140,730 56,264 27,902
1916..................... 2,708, 689 300,112 170,964 90,324 1,971, 435 139, 226 53, Oult) 28,520
1915 (flmos.)___ 1,862, 863 203,475 119,952 83,555 1,201,914 04,712 38,254 21,000
10X0..................... 5,482, 641 613, 416 311,137 220,207 3, 813, 278 387,735 82,797 64, Oil
1917..................... 6, 233, 513 839,305 422,398 311,803 4,001,729 409,402 77,402 51,384
1918..................... 6, W0,088 000,248 425, 238 302,710 3,858, 698 498,477 104,510 60,198
1010..................... 7,020, 420 749,950 545, 842 441, 748 5,187, 050 771, 717 125,585 07,018
1920..................... 8, 228, DIG 084.818 944,345 028,917 4,406,091 871,579 17.1, GU6 185,002
1021..................... 4,485,031 600,434 529,146 273,325 2,363. 890 632, 615 112,700 72,847
1022..................... 3,831,777 583,451 332, 203 226,076 2,0S3, 357 448,970 101,945 56,776
1923..................... 4,187, 403 600, 5C7 425, 661 209,318 2,093,415 611,498 146, 423 00,071
1024.................... 4, 500,084 633,87C 466,165 314, 252 2.44G, 089 513,803 156, 6U5 70,294
1025..................... 4,000, 848 058, 640 479,714 402,600 2,004, 460 882 189,489 89,057
1920..................... 4, 80& 000 747,685 428, 797 443, 607 2,309, Oil 565, 646 212, 706 101,270
1027..................... 4,805, 375 845,307 407,720 438,159 2,311,237 562,150 103,114 107,088
IQUfi 5,128,360 924,172 307,105 480,815 2,370,503 052,027 J.8U, Ofid 110,713
5,240, 095
130,535
1029............... 961,473 433,590 530,310 2,344,312 680,751 102,022
1030..................... 3,843,181 670,652 348,674 337,509 1,841,412 444,950 107,710 02,805
1931.................. 2.424, 289 403,732 187,094 168,691 1,187,110 380,121 41,574 59,061
1932__ *.............. 1, Oil, 016 245,730 119,216 06,580 784, 474 202, 253 30,774 35,074
1933.................. I, 674,004 214,833 126,020 114,048 350,032 202,030 35,200 42,016
1034..................... 2,132,800 308,015 178,048 161,701 940,929 401, 210 67,081 70,815
1936..................... 2,282,874 329,542 201,780 174,341 1,020,241 377, 940 73,802 00,210
1930..................... 2,455,078 391,555 226,156 204, 222 1,042,804 398,885 79,154 114,202
1937..................... 8,340,167 519,058 321,068 318,354 1,359, G10 570,071 98,948 152,158
3,004,440
118,350
1938......... ........... 475,572 204,423 200,714 1,325,943 510,777 93,662
1,289, 763
115,023
1930..................... 3,177,176 498,170 304, 026 329,127 501, 572 70,505
) gee headnote regarding grain shipped through Canada to Europe,

FOREIGN COMMERCE 5 0 5
I m p o r t s o f M e r c h a n d i s e , b t C o n t i n e n t s : 1821 t o 1939
cover fiscal years to and including 1915; calendar years thereafter, except as noted. See headnote, table 562,
Turkey in Europe is with Asia beginning 1926; tboU. S. S. B,. in Asia is with Europe beginning 1024;
adjusted for grain shipments to Canada which were actually in transit to Europe are shown in table 495
were especially largo in the period 1920-1929 and the year 1938
Total
North i America
Northern
Southern
GENERAL IMPORTS
South
America
Europe Asia Oceania Africa
YEARLY AVERAGE
OR YEAR
fit, 621 402 11,810 1,570 35,000 5,324 84 375 1821.
62,721 398 10,793 4,910 40,117 6,241 18 234 1830.
98,260 1,228 15,421 8,606 61,721 10, 086 162 446 1840.
173,509 6,180 16,116 16,038 123,115 12,434 9 618 I860.
863,616 23,730 44,180 34,929 216,001 29,239 1.170 3,700 I860.
288,746 35,007 46, 003 23,221 115,002 14,449 1,124 3,279 1865.
435,058 36,265 74,486 42,964 240, 187 37,773 1,612 2,722 1870.
677,873 33,840 96,124 63,357 321,067 55,794 3,955 3,736 1871-1876.
492,670 27,600 86, 040 08,185 247,620 56,635 4,610 2,365 1870-1880.
007.142 41,989 96,309 75,940 367,542 69,906 11,370 4,085 1881-1885.
717,231 40,236 98,819 82,427 401,745 74,430 16,158 3,406 1880-1890.
786, W7 36,335 128, 043 116,797 307,622 85,169 16,257 4,914 1891-1895.
741,619 37,260 76, 007 97,713 389,843 107,996 22,781 9,910 1896-1000.
972,102 62,762 129,034 121,748 408,206 149, 537 9,035 11,151 1901-1905.
1.344.838 79,511 180,192 167,126 689,838 205,041 16,601 16,629 1900-1010.
1,712,310 131,455 248,043 210.023 708.115 270,707 10,020 24,065 1911-1915.
3,868,364 425,337 588,103 591,295 682,208 910,340 70,134 90,848 1015-1020.’
3,460,103 390,668 514,233 421,330 1,049,605 942,808 53,994 71,499 1921-1926.
4,033,469 479,737 460,467 645,788 1,207,213 1,106,930 53,137 01,207 1920-1030.
1, 718,102 236,164 177,267 244,100 516,313 490,909 10,209 32,088 1031-1935.
1,088,874 118,518 228,618 200,858 836,498 258,634 17, 276 22,578 1910-1914.
2, 614,667 321,382 439, 010 466, 212 . 525,122 642,479 59,002 61,342 1915-1919.3
764,780 40,803 65,061 107,380 430,102 91,078 20,017 9,630 1807.
610,060 32,404 58,073 92,092 306,934 06,426 23,029 7,194 1808.
097,148 31,690 80,460 86,688 353,885 111, 501 22,588 10,436 1809.
849,941 39,999 90,037 93,007 440,567 145,814 28,040 11,218 1900.
823,172 42,935 102,223 110,307 429,620 122.090 6,974 8,954 1001.
903,321 48,846 102,230 110,780 475,162 136,295 7,554 13,448 1902
1,025,719 56,669 134,007 107,428 547,227 159,075 9,671 12,582 1903.
991,087 52,701 146,078 120,364 498,697 165,576 8,244 9,427 1004.
1,117,513 63,657 163,572 150,700 540,773 174,041 12,731 11,344 1905.
1,226,602 60,603 105,750 140,423 633,292 102,434 12,432 12,629 1906.
1,434,421 74,813 188,763 100,100 747,291 223.986 18,275 21,127 1907.
1,194,342 70,301 162,615 124,909 608,014 191,332 14,891 16,291 1908.
1,311,920 80,407 173,533 163,879 654,323 200,982 17,028 15,109 1909.
1,556,947 96,371 210,397 190,166. 806,270 210,473 19,782 17,490 1910.
1,527,226 102,264 203,233 182,624 768,108 230,850 12,874 27,214 1911.
1,653,205 110,145 223,927 215,080 819,585 248,726 13,207 22, 586 1912.
1,813,008 121,764 240,179 217,735 892; 866 297,605 10.533 26,425 1013.
2,893,926 162,046 205,353 222,677 895,603 306,116 23,082 19,140 1914.
1,674,170 161,055 312,025 261,400 014,355 271,790 28,502 24, 9S3 1916.
912,787 107,020 140,821 166,230 271,684 191,067 18,021 16,730 1915 (6 mos.).
2,301,636 240,161 418,277 427, 010 633,317 560,866 50,511 61,898 1916.
2,952,408 419,124 462,858 698,810 551,145 820,624 36,835 78,064 1017.
3,031,213 457,600 616,955 010,931 318,121 939,301 102,737 35, 506 1018.
3, 904,365 500,165 067, 609 687, 626 750, 528 1,107,733 88,016 112,188 1010.
6,278,481 614,618 1,048,045 760, 000 1, 227, 843 1,306,677 80,014 160, 285 1020.
2, 609,148 337,032 417,217 295,623 764,942 617,802 35,499 40,373 1021.
3,112,747 360, 524 466,930 358,703 091,203 826,880 48,517 64, 024 1922.
3,792,060 418,348 583,169 407,421 1,167,050 1,010,811 50.200 87,061 1923.
3, 609,903 402, Q47 593,10S 466,074 1,096, 111 930,685 48,945 72,092 1024.
4,226,589 458,791 521,742 818,797 1,238,513 1,318,794 77,808 92,144 1925.
4,430,888 485,503 520,007 667,070 1.277,501 1,409,003 68.355 96,420 1026.
4,184,742 484,499 500,950 518,275 1,264,810 1,268.413 54,531 93,255 1027.
4,091,444 499,959 460,743 560.410 1,248,825 1,168,852 53.460 00.207 1028.
4,399,361 614,370 407,159 639,768 1,333,661 1,279,248 56,557 108, 608 1929.
3,060,008 414,355 347,356 433,518 011,268 864,073 32,791 67,647 1030.
2,090,036 277. Ill 230.030 307,100 640,690 573,706 19,120 82, 888 1931.
1,322,774 181,413 167,107 200,902 389,570 361,847 7,591 24, 241 1932.
1.440,559 190, 651 127,116 202,280 462.955 426,102 13,100 28, 265 1933.
1,865,066 238,496 160,724 228,958 489,632 489,353 14,505 33,326 1934.
2,047,486 203,148 201,409 281,472 598,716 604,637 26,481 41, 722 1935.
2, 422,592 381,313 237,247 291, 505 717,544 707,728 35,866 51, 380 1930
3,083,668 407,431 283,045 422,020 843,329 907,201 68,428 92,148 1037.
1,900,428 267,504 222,722 202,613 567,226 669,503 16,180 54,671 1938.
2,318,081 349,256 231,374 317,267 617,166 699,682 20,705 76,732 1939.
» period July 1,1915, to Dec. 31, 1920, 5 Fiscal years ended June 30.
Source: See general note, p. 483,
267706°— 41------ S i

5 0 6 FOREIGN COMMERCE
N o. 5 6 8 .— E x p o r t s and G e n e r a l I m p o r t s, b y C o n t in e n t s — P e r c e n t
D is t r ib u t io n : 1821 to 1939
Note.—Percentages are basod on figures shown in table 567. See headnoto to that table
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
North
America
, South America
»d-
1 6 l g
02
PERCENT OF TOTAL EXPORTS

FOREIGN COMMERCE 507
N o. 5 6 9 .— I m p o r t s f o r C o n s u m p t io n , F r e e a n d D u t i a b l e , b y P r in c ip a l
C o u n t r ie s : 1937, 1938, a n d 1939
[All figures except percentages in thousands of dollars]
1937 1938 1939
COUNTRY
Free
Dutiable Percent
free
Free
Dutiable Percent
free
Free Dutiable Percent
free
Grand total........ ....... 1,766,248 1,244,606 58.6 1, 182, 696 766,929 60.7 1,397,280 878,819 61.4
Northern North America 243, 516 158,037 60.6 193,448 69,439 73.6 228,857 112,961 66.8
Canada............................ 238,009 156,232 00.4 188, 060 67,987 73.5 221,147 111, 421 66.5
Newfoundland and Labrador.............................
4,770 1,791 72.7 4, 047 1,445 73.7 5,143 1,449 78.0
Southern North America.— 116,964 161,100 42.1 96, 079 119,941 44.5 107,877 118, 303 47.7
Mexico............................. 40,150 16,108 72.7 32, 339 10,144 76.1 40,350 14,082 74,1
Central American countries..............................
36,974 741 98,0 33,155 501 98.3 36,039 486 98.7
Cuba............................... 13,503 133,396 9.2 8,236 97,209 7.8 8,420 02, 665 8.3
Other West Indies and
Bermudas.................... 26,338 11,855 69.0 22, 350 12,027 65.0 23,068 11,069 67.6
South America1_________ 242,786 168,969 59.0 192, 717 70,203 73.3 211, 541 89,185 70.3
Argentina....................... 23.344 112,958 17.1 10, 922 30,782 26.2 17,789 40, 700 30.4
Bolivia................ -.......... 609 80 86.5 294 49 85.6 691 112 86.0
Brazil............................... 104,994 14,520 87. 0 87, 731 10,017 89.8 95,687 10, 618 90.0
Chile............................... 38,856 4,781 89.0 27, 044 1,648 94.6 29,530 1, 421 95.4
Colom bia.................... 51,637 619 98.8 40,247 130 99.7 47-967 977 98.0
Ecuador.......................... 3,263 701 82.3 2,097 473 81.6 3,017 506 85.6
Peru............................... 11,700 3,199 78.5 9,007 2,711 78. Q 10,015 3,812 72.4
Uruguay.......................... 1,290 11,575 10.0 611 4,840 9.5 874 7,713 10.2
Venezuela....................... 6,907 15,845 30.4 6,038 15,013 25.1 5,603 17, 812 23.9
Europe 1_______________ 305,626 616,187 87.2 196,306 371,727 34.6 210,782 400, 522 34. 6
Belgium........................... 17,293 56,856 23.3 9,183 32, 846 21.8 14,659 48,267 23. 3
Czecho-Slovakia2........... 3,898 31,831 10.9 2,221 24,980 8.2 678 4,860 12.2
Denmark........... „........... 2,340 4,066 36.6 329 3,209 9.1 523 3,252 13.9
Finland............................ 15,854 1,723 90.2 16,099 1,973 89.1 18,805 1,869 91.0
France............................. 23,203 60,174 31.6 14,977 39,401 27.5 16,087 45, 289 26.2
Germany 3.............. ........ 31,709 69,467 34.8 17,806 44,727 28.5 14,219 40, 446 26.0
Greece.................. ............ 1,560 11,008 12.4 978 13,361 9.8 2,508 13, 384 15.8
Italy................................ 8,882 38,661 18.7 7,988 34,221 18.9 7,298 31, 509 18.8
Netherlands.................... 19,590 33,434 36.9 10,052 19,466 35.4 10,108 18,164 35.8
Norway........................... 13,209 11,318 63.9 9, 290 7,243 66.2 11,162 10,003 51.1
Poland and Danzig*....... 1,447 17, 506 7.« 791 13,086 5.7 1,118 10, 672 9.5
Spain............................. 3,441 10,736 24.3 1,494 8,041 15.7 1,670 8,390 16.6
Sweden............................ 47,720 10,857 81.5 37,720 7,347 83.7 33,958 8,142 80.7
Switzerland..................... 2,024 24,070 7.8 2,706 19,077 12.3 2,782 27, 621 9.2
United Kingdom______ 75,282 124,847 37.6 36,763 82,603 30.2 43,957 107, 352 29.0
U. S. S.R.(S6Viet Union)3. 16,840 10,393 61.8 16,922 6,580 72.0 18,283 6, 211 74.0
Asia1____ ___ __________ 767,421 187,462 80.2 460,115 lie, 771 79.0 563,616 131,018 81.1
British India and Burma 44,966 49,627 47.6 23,331 34,848 40.1 30,590 36,105 45.8
British Malaya_______ 241,796 1,022 99.6 111,699 447 99.6 148,487 672 99.6
Ceylon............................. 20,089 584 97.2 15,985 301 08.2 20,692 374 98.2
China............................... 62,929 30,499 63.3 26,391 20,858 55.9 36,802 23, 539 61.0
Netherlands Indies......... 113,031 2,284 98.0 67,328 1,492 07.8 88,094 4,461 95.2
Hong Kong__________ 5,763 2,982 05.9 2,370 1,010 70.1 2,521 1, 028 71.0
Japan............................... 120,182 74,904 61.6 93,421 38, 212 71.0 120,063 41, 032 74.5
Philippine Islands_____ 125,449 008 99.5 80,724 4,437 05.3 86,802 5,104 94.4
Turkey............................. 3,232 9,731 24.9 2,375 12,228 16.3 3,112 12,182 20.3
Oceania1___ ___________ 29,691 83,063 47.2 11,161 5,923 65.3 15,423 12,471 55.3
Australia.......................... 12,560 20,501 32.2 5,640 3,128 64.3 7,288 8,464 46.2
New Zealand.................. 14,586 0,498 09.2 4,630 2,758 62.7 7,747 3,800 67.0
Africa1 69,347 20,800 76.9 42,881 9,866 81.3 61,185 14, 360 81.0
British South Africa___ 13,004 5,598 69.9 18,296 794 95.8 28,637 2,918 90.8
British West Africa........ 31,673 3,131 91.0 7,844 1,610 83.0 14,383 3,101 82.3
Egypt.............................. 3,437 9,860 25.8 1,112 4,162 21.1 1,348 6,469 19.8
1 Includes countries or areas not shown separately.
2 For changes in geographic basis of statistics in 1938 and 1939, see note 0 on table 570, p. 512.
3 Includes Soviet Union in Asia.
Source: See general note, p. 483. \

5 0 8 FOREIGN COMMERCE
N o . 570.— E x p o e t s ( I n c l u d i n g R e e x p o r t s ) a n d G e n e r a l I m p o r t s o p Mee
N o t e — In the case of somo countries, especially those having no seaports, there is considerable indirect
imports from them; for such countries the apparent balance of trade may bo far from the true bal
to Europe and reported as exported to Canada. Such grain shipments were especially large in the
and North America and included in exports to Europe are given in table 495 of the 1935 Statistical
[All figures in thousands of dollars (for basis
E X P O R T S ( I N C L U D I N G R E E X P O R T S )
COUNTRY
m i -
11125,
average
1926-
1930,
average
1931-
1935,
average
1035 1936 1937 1933 1939
Grand total.............. 4,307,027 4,777,314 2,025,196 2, 282, 874 2, 456, 978 3, 349,107 3,094,440 3,177,176
North America1...., 1,071,650 1,233,033 462,806 531,331 010,711 840,12G 739,994 802,19!
1» Northern1------------ ---------
Canada1_______ ______
N e w fo u n d la n d a n d
Labrador.
M iq u e lo n a n d 9 t ,
Pierre.
Greenland_________ —
2. Southern.............................
Mexico----------------------
Central America_______
British Honduras__
Costa Rica________
Guatemala________
Honduras........... .......
Nicaragua_________
5, 284 6,494 2,522 2,434 2,412 3, 353 2,807 4,297
Panama, Itepublicof.
Panama Canal Zone. } 22,807 35,441 18,840 20, 815 22, 717 24, 981 [ 10,105 12,752
\ 14,242 10,802
Salvador-_________
West Indies and Bermuda,
■Bermuda______ . . . .
Barbados_________
Jamaica_______ ____
Trinidad and Tobago.
Other British______
Cuba................. ........
D o m in ic a n R e ­
public.
Netherlands W est
Indies.
French West Indies -
Haiti, Ropublic of__
Virgin Islands of
XT. S.*
South America____
8. North Coast........................
Colombia........................
Guiana—
British.......................
Surinam (Netherlands).
French......... .............
Venezuela........................
4. East Coast_____ ________
Argentina.........................
Falkland Islands______
Brazil___ ____ _______
Paraguay_____________
Uruguay...........................
6. West Coast________
Bolivia....................... I"
Chile-.................... "
Ecuador__________
Peru..................................
For footnotes, see p. 512.
627,882 829, 858 300,372 329, 542 391, 555 519, 058 475, 672 498,170
619,017 819,471 294,797 323,194 384,151 509, 316 407,707 489,103
8,181 10,066 5,350 6,121 7, 201 9, 557 7, 671 8,914
174 312 218 227 202 185 131 142
10 9 7 1 3
444, 677 403,175 162,435 201,789 225, 155 321, 088 204, 423 304,028
140, 345 121,959 48,484 05, 574 70, 041 109,450 02, 010 S3,177
68,738 78,622 37, Oil 38,639 41,380 60,622 60,397 66,277
1,922 1,903 831 688 970 1,004 1,057 1,021
5,139 g, m 2,705 2,318 3,027 4,477 5,449 9,786
7,214 10,773 3,820 3,918 4, 553 7,012 6, 801 8,574
10, 312 9,634 5,422 5,633 4,90C 5, 568 0, 292 5,812
0, 060 7,305 2,811 2,831 2,794 3, 028 3,520 4,172
m,m 202,894 76, m 97, 677 107,735 160,996 162,009 164,6n
3,637 3,843 3,084 2,799 3,300 4,134 3,951 3,538
1,591 1,497 708 875 924 978 954 1,374
8,537 8,535 3,771 4,030 3,882 5.117 5, 740 5,936
5,176 5,706 2,560 3,305 4,188 7, 758 7,443 0,948
5,440 5,026 2,275 2,372 2, 940 3, 750 3, 470 3,408
181,294 133, 245 41, 255 00,139 07,421 92, 263 70, 331 81,646
15,282 14,742 5,300 4, 518 4, 578 6, 480 5, 090 0,780
3, 095 14,621 10,846 14,348 14,154 34,107 42,707 38,378
2,630 2,746 2, 264 1,881 2,398 2,247 2,009 1,442
10,910 10,113 3, 822 3,250 3,942 4,084 3,042 5,128
1,894 2,02C 31,200
297,115 447,880 141,074 174,341 204, 222 318,364 299,714 829,127
43,965 86,849 33, 590 41,628 53,368 87,877 95, 051 115,52C
25,862 46,137 17, 011 21,636 27, 729 30, 200 40,882 51,277
2,094 1,315 565 099 088 1,001 1,025 1,277
083 1.112 531 518 599 689 '707 ’915
450 156 113 101 273 282 119 01
14,576 38,120 15,371 18, 685 24,079 46,445 52, 278 01,900
193,497 280,622 83,030 99,919 114,786 176,764 154, 462 157,151
117,002 165,222 42, 555 49,374 50,91C 94,183 88,793 70,945
4 44 23 4 1 4 g 3
59, 021 89,377 34,180 43,61£ 49,01S 08, 031 61,957 80,345
817 1,229 530 70C 324 743 ' 044 ’ 675
15,952 24, 750 5,743 0,223 8,531 13,203 6,000 5,183
59,663 80.389 24,448 32,794 80,088 63,913 50,201 58,460
3,649 5,052 2,90S 2,82£ 3,564 . 5,803 6, 395 4,512
30,132 45,887 11,466 14,94S 15,731 23, 997 24, 003 26,791
4,930 5,545 2,289 2,84£ 3,32( 5,052 3j 311
20,942 23,906 7,789 12,174 13,439 19,001 16,892 19! 240

F O R E IG N C O M M E R C E
509
c h a n d i s e , b y C o n t i n e n t s , C o m m e r c ia l R e g i o n s , a n d C o u n t r i e s : 1921 t o 1 9 3 9
K S ^ M
t K d T p ^ t o ^ u l v L t o NOS. 198 and 216. Figures are for calendar years
o f d o l l a r v a l u e s , s e e g e n e r a l n o t e , p . 4 8 3 ) ]
IMPORTS
1031- 1820- 1931-
1935, 1030, 1035, 1935 1933 1937 1938 1939
averag( average average
3, 460,103 4,033,40 1,713,102 2,047,485 2,422,602 3,083,608 1,960,428 ,,318,0B1
810,002 940, 10 ; 413,421 494, 567 61B, 560 690, 470 490,226 580, 029
398,868 478,73 238,164 293,148 381,313 407,431 267, 504 349,250
383,77
2,52
469, 21.
10,02
228, 784
6,752
286,444
6,291
375,832
4,836
308,389
8,374
2 0 0 , 1 7 2
6,582
339,950
8,641
3 61 359 28 74 23 17 94
33 441 209 384 572 725 733 564
614,23 460,46) 177, 257 201,409 237,247 283, 045 222,722 231, 374
147,48f 125,932 38,943 42,467 48,938 00,120 49,030 50,266
86, S S I
2,421
5,090
10,016
5,957
4,987
4 3 , C M
3,093
5,732
10,020
11,151
4,993
26,2 p
924
3, 312
4,605
8,387
2,204
26,207
917
3,089
6,144
6,226
2,783
SO, 8 5 6
1,535
3,347
8,384
0,078
1,895
87,778
1,764
4,434
0, 611
5,074
3,103
S S , 787
%, 343
4,102
9,529
5,692
2, 478
f 3,352
3 6 , 8 4 8
1,716
3,230
10,725
7,031
2,902
3, 582
) 4,1135 6,483 4,159 6,114 4,594 4,023 1 509 479
/
3,251 3,188 2, 591 4,934 0, 021 8,563 5,672 8,879
350, SS8 290,614 l i t , a n 129,73/, 167,474 1 8 6 , 1 6 2 189,965 138,585
1,070
351
8,878
5,180
2,'372
299,605
8,138
921
499
8,425
8,013
2,700
207,920
8,850
501
367
2,923
3,330
984
78,024
4,111
327
410
2,122
2,531
1,118
104,303
4,083
345
394
1,650
3,888
1,315
127,475
5,354
400
431
1,590
3,160
1,507
148,045
7,377
310
300
1,197
1,630
1,233
105,691
5,745
287
266
1,540
1,311
1,493
104,930
5,824
4,290 50,337 20,603 12,539 14,975 19,503 20,017 19,723
108
1,651
660
128
1,352
131
912
240
1,161
253
1,818
233
2,896
103
2,007
159
3,031
421,338 545,788 244,160 281,472 291,606 422,026 262,818 317,267
65,832
48,370
675
737
177
14,873
251,301
83,270
152,170
855
14,799
104,142
1,082
77,186
6,859
16,015
132, 671
94,602
934
1,116
70
36,782
300,381
94,842
22
199, 515
556
14,427
103, 858
241
76,059
5,738
22,819
73,645
56,304
501
970
43
20 827
134,022
36, 099
90
93,230
333
4,270
31,493
135
22,154
2,848
8,357
73,648
50,443
581
. 1,080
16
21 428
172,723
65,408
99,685
743
6,887
35,199
370
24,101
3,288
7,402
72,121
43,085
683
2,062
34
20,258
180,658
05,882
102,004
540
12,232
38,725
507
25,804
3,331
9,023
78,974
52,345
739
3,035
85
22,770
274,484
138,940
2
120, 638
1,095
13,809
73,889
49,398
816
3,056
36
20,035
144,744
40,70i
14
97,93?
1,336
4,751
83, 588 44, 58C
1,383 88,
46, (568 . 28,281
4,012 2,68'
18, 525 12,81.
78, 897
48,983
401
3,604
36
23,613
180,362
61,914
10
107,250
1,803
9,375
80,218
2,174
4 0 ,5S3
3,513
13,948
Grand total.
North America.1
i. Southern.
Mexico.
Central America.
British Honduras.
Costa Rica.
Guatemala.
Honduras,
Nicaragua.
Panama, Republic or.
Panama Canal Zone.
Salvador.
JPrsl I n d i e s a n d B e r m u d a .
Canada.1
Newfoundland and Labrador.
Miquelon and St.
Pierre.
Greenland.
Bermuda.
Barbados.
Jamaica.
Trinidad and Tobago.
Other British.
Cuba.
Dominican R e­
public.
Netherlands West
Indies.
French W est Indies.
Haiti, R epublic of.
Virgin Islands of
U, S,»
South A m e r ic a .
S. Uorth Ooast,
Colombia.
Guiana—
British.
Surinam (Netherlands).
French.
Venezuela.
4. East Coast.
Argentina.
Falkland Islands.
Braiil.
Paraguay.
Uruguay.
5. West Coast.
Bolivia.
Chile.
Ecuador.
Peru

5 1 0 FOREIGN COMMERCE
No. 570.—E x p o rts (Including R eex p o rts) and G e n e ra l Im ports op
1921 to 1939—
[All figures in
EXPORTS (INCLUDING REEXPORTS)
1921-
1925,
average
1926-
1030,
average
1931-
1935,
average
1935 1936 1937 1938 193ft
Europe L.
Northwestern and. Central.
Sweden...................
Norway..................
Denmark...... ..........
Iceland....................
United Kingdom...
Ireland..........
B e l g i u m .....
Trance—. __
Netherlands..
Austriafl.___
Czechoslovakia
Hungary«............. .
Germany «_______
Switzerland---------
7. Northeastern...................
Estonia............................ .
Finland----- ----------------
Latvia...............................
Lithuania *.----- -----------
Poland and Danzig6.......
Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics (Russia in
Europe).7
8. Southwestern....... ...........
Azores and Madeira
Islands...........................
Gibraltar..........................
Italy..................................
Portugal...........................
Spain...............................
8. Southeastern.....................
Albania8 *.........................
Bulgaria.............. . ...........
Greece......... . ...................
Malta, Gozo, and Oyprus
Islands.........................
B u m a n i a __ __________
Turkey in Europe11.......
Yugoslavia8...... ..............
Asia..
10* Western.............
Aden....................
Saudi Arabia__ _
Iraq............. .........
Palestine... ...........
Syria........ — ........
Iran___________
Turkey in Asia
2,318,244 2,238,601 960, 158 1,029,241 1,042,804 1,359,610 1,328,943 1,289,763
1,980,627 1,878,271 795,875 834,843 877,310 1,169,060 1,115,152 1,087,188
39, 413 49,268 27,898 38,216 43, 074 64,452 64,227 98,314
28,081 22,662 10,216 13,824 15,436 22,210 22, 507 32,348
42, 615 49,608 16,069 12,481 12,212 17,211 24,814 25,236
290 311 160 116 104 174 131 442
* 939,412 837,219 374,436 433,399 440,122 536,490 620,878 505,404
87,280 13,896 5,906 7,312 7,431 12,162 27, 259 9,811
111,284 105, G4C 50, 259 58,304 58,826 95,341 70,942 64,583
266,IOC 244,60E 117,502 117,012 129,457 164, 528 133,872
138,225 181,901 51,916 49, 111 53,253 93,524 96,732 182,08G
97,417
2,211 4,603 1,702 2,179 2,568 3,086 746
1,605 5,387 2,642 3,244 4, 056 13,233 26,626 3,758
330 1,828 405 351 555 693 2,731 2,095
383,219 400,364 128,092 91,981 101,956 326, 343 107,130 40,475
7,198 10,888 8,103 7,612 7, 660 9,622 10,096 18,611
58,667 106,638 58,139 57,746 63, 665 84,053 109,993 89,519
2,081 80S 798 1,437 1,169 1,244 1,673 1,527
10,442 14,866 4,641 6,108 7,456 12,205 11,091 13,443
3,047 1,190 422 649 948 1,744 1,342 1,420
67 220 222 324 287 511 099 389
10,881 10,887 14,034 24,486 20,278 26,297 24.695 16,102
» 32,049 77,006 33,022 24,743 33,427 42,892 69, 691 68,638
288, 107 229,478 102,007 125, 372 89, 534 98,608 82,162 96,355
987 1,266 251 414 218 321 222 504
3,412 1,001 199 402 277 355 433 182
185,237 141,115 60,437 72,416 68,989 76,830 68,292 68,804
8.005 12,456 0,970 10,837 8,51C 15,091 10,950 10,003
70,485 73, 044 34,150 41,303 21,540 6,012 12,200 28,743
80,948 23,118 9.637 11,180 12,395 16,989 18.035 '16,691
w 101 143 205 147 275 130
745 623 244 285 336 49C 760 351
17,163 13,699 5,882 0,677 6,049 6,948 8,052 6,390
1,381 1,083 419 385 400 809 701 608
2,409 0,436 2,345 2,989 3,358 6,938 6,815 6,233
8,058
1,198 1,278 666 802 2,046 2,657 2,472 2,978
498,553 573,086 849, 911 377,940 398, 885 579,971 516,777 601,672
8,047 11,821 11,110 18, 832 19, m l 30,327 35,413 80,378
1,099 497 163 323 244 362 304 217
} 362 1,170
1 208 326 . 1,273 1,025 4,171 4,183
\ 1,163 1,572 1,788 2,771 2,742 2,399
} 3,129 f 2,920 4,942 3,180 3,24( 3, Iffl 7,046
1 1,988 2,373 1,902 2,546 2,68! 3,203
960 1,805 2,315 4,338 5,103 5,461 9, IB 4,420
n 2,508 4,278 2,355 4,466 6,222 14,910 13, 218 8,313
11. Southern and Southeastern.
119,137 180,882 93,074 104, 880 115,914 175,049 168,880 208,623
British India....................
Burma____ __________ } 38,188 53,512 28,067 31,424 26,807 43, 747 / 38,441 42,811
I 2,322 4,005
Ceylon............................ « 1,453 2,584 1,005 1,266 1,275 l,72i 1,34* 1.602
British Malaya................ 8,030 12,649 3,669 4,500 5,021 8.83f 8, 866 9,971
Netherlands Indies.......... 17,242 33,850 10,194 10,873 13,752 25,05C 27, 518 35,420
Trench Indo-Obina......... 1,079 1,886 1, 221 1,406 3,120 2, 532 3,128 8,240
Philippine Islands..— .. 51,927 73,688 47,080 52, 640 60,360 85.032 86, 46' 99,939
Thailand (Siam)............. 1,199 2,391 1,242 1,758 2,101 3,682 3,207 4,518
Other A s ia ......______ 19 72 535 1,020 3,428 4,445 2,840 2,961
For footnotes, see pp. 512 and

FOREIGN COMMERCE 511
M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o n t in e n t s , C o m m e r c ia l R e g i o n s , a n d C o u n t r i e s :
Continued
thousands of dollars]
IMPORTS
1821- 1920- 1031- COUNTRY
1«25, 1930, 1033, 1035 1936 1037 1938 1939
average average average
1,049,565 1, 207, 218 516,318 598,716 717, 544 843,329 567,226 617,166 Europe1
884,987 1,006,460 412,461 478,000 581,029 668,856 430,246 460,164 6. Northwestern and Central.
34,073 47,302 32,984 41,247 48,178 58,655 45,105 42,314 Sweden.
18,498 21,694 14,773 16,502 21,578 25, 987 15,688 21,687 Norway.
6,020 4,207 2,046 3,337 3,050 6,835 3,324 3,704 Denmark,
106 316 579 1,024 1,108 1,030 1,206 1,375 Iceland.
1355,781 326,884 118,388 155,282 200,386 202,691 118,240 149,411 United Kingdom.
n , 269 2,794 889 581 966 1,864 958 1,672 Ireland.
58,336 70,137 29, 062 39,805 68,884 75,081 41,694 63,290 Belgium.
147,875 152,766 58,552 58,107 65,288 75,609 54,009 02,368 France.
70,625 81,549 31,476 40,608 49,900 53,287 31,448 28,933 Netherlands.
4,097 10,433 2,953 2,869 4,109 5,757 1,271
Austria.0
17,373 34,505 17,959 21,410 23,513 37,183 26,174 4,033 Ozecho-Slovakia.®
603 1,181 1,396 3,165 3,631 5,512 3,544 4,224 Hungary.0
132,496 210,570 85,079 77,792 79,079 92,408 64,650 52,448 Germany.0
38,843 42,083 16,325 16,272 20,669 26,897 23,037 30,616 Switzerland.
17,790 86,890 28,448 42,008 51,282 70,790 58,248 60,01S 7. Northeastern,
400 830 518 682 730 937 1,244 1,644 Estonia.
7,649 9,866 9,636 12,158 15,410 17,578 18,074 20,696 Finland.
2,678 4,022 751 1,361 1,567 767 558 766 Latvia.
266 527 263 372 920 1,172 922 499 Lithuania.9
2,369 4,053 4,234 9,625 12,138 19,568 13,417 11,496 Poland and Danzig,0
*4,828 17,592 13,040 17,809 20,517 30,768 24,034 25,023 Union ot Soviet Socialist
Republics (Russia in
Europe) ,>
115,147 143, 600 64,010 63,016 00,413 71,546 64,841 57,165 8. Southwestern.
2,495 1,587 759 673 643 720 459 579 Azores and M a d e ira
Islands.
16 27 13 3 7 2 2 3 Gibraltar.
79,141 101, 913 43,611 38,674 40,337 48,170 41,241 39,022 Italy.
3,855 5, 541 3,496 3,644 6,884 8,848 3,982 6,454 Portugal.
29,639 34,432 16,130 20,021 18,537 13,806 9,157 10,207 Spain.
31,642 21, 363 11,399 15,692 18,820 32,137 23,891 33, 834 9. Southeastern.
10 50 55 125 137 150 14*1 Albania.'
1,029 858 314 443 643 1,862 2,214 2,815 Bulgaria.
22,256 18,143 8,560 9,983 10,700 17,234 14,873 22,358 Greece.
160 153 69 143 313 1,678 330 634 Malta, Gozo, and Oyprus
Islands.
266 659 634 , 1,098 2,522 4,078 2,474 2,378 Rumania,
7,421
Turkey in Europe.11
611 1, 550 1,781 3,971 4, 517 8,248 3,850 5,500 Yugoslavia.®
642,808 1, 195,930 490,909 604,537 707,728 937,261 569,603 609, 582 Asia
21,279 85,261 16,289 18,462 20,078 37,201 29,041 33,834 10, Weitern.
2,221 2,693 950 972 1,229 814 234 12C Aden.
) 2,547 4,921 r u s 7£ 32 547 705 87S Saudi Arabia.
\ 2,850 4,071 3,762 6,94e 3,07(3 6.0 1 C Iraq,
j 2,337 3,895 f 133 98 130 232 655 639 Palestine.
1 1,388 1,827 2,269 4,80S 2,268 2, B5C Syria.
4,773 7,933 3,499 3,635 3,736 5,942 3,245 4, 38C Iran.
‘>9,402 15,819 7,321 7,780 9,811 17,855 18,068 19,836 Turkey in Asia.11
425,025 626, 106 270,984 354,723 428,246 609,316 301,518 437, 598 11. Southern and Southeastern.
} xoe, 020 136,869 60,509 61,981 70,340 96,942
\ f 68,354 66,401 British India.
224 426 Burma.
13 27,059 36,10C 9,355 11,37S 13,963 20,70C 16,349 20,108 Ceylon.
153,247 249.829 82,979 131,607 167,997 242,872 112,274 148,967 British Malaya.
54,962 87, 467 37,973 50,295 69,805 115, ISC 68,751 92,971 Netherlands Indies.
235 124 764 2,275 4,187 6,577 7,137 9,611 French Indo-Ohina,
80,10S 114,114 89,174 96,999 101,679 126,061 94.244 91,927 Philippine Islands.
301 477 161 16C 243 527 311 380 Thailand (Siam).
94 119 29 33 34 1,441 3,874 6,807 Other Asia.

5 1 2 FOREIGN COMMERCE
N o . 5 7 0 .— E x p o u t s ( I n c l u d in g R e e x p o r t s ) a n d G e n e r a l I m p o s t s OP
1921 to 1939—
[AUflgurealn
EXPORTS (INCLUDING REEXPORTS)
COUNTRY
1921-
1925,
average
m o -
1930,
average
1931-
m s ,
average
1935 1939 1937 1938 1939
Asia—Continued
13, Pastern........ ....... .
China______ ____
Hong Kong..........
Kwantung.............
Japan......... .........
Russia in Asia ’ u -
13. Oceania..
Australia............
New Zealand—
Uritlsh Oceania..
French Ocoania..
Other Oceania-..
Africa..
371,809 380,631 245, 127 254,727 233,269
104,175 109, 021 02, 671 38,163 40, 810
17,810 18,043 10,164 9,104 8,550
0,735 7,531 2,836 4,188 3, 642
241,877 240,030 109,507 203,283 204,348
>51,287
141,426 177,2 48, 868 73,802 79,164
Ill, 273 139,072 30,117 67,088 58,491
28,108 35,841 11,014 15,010 19,499
606 1,316 307 364 30D
1,065 1,010 529 740 804
284
89,729
374,
49,703
20,200
16,008
288,558
73,517
23,881
843
707
312,
34, 719
21, 288
17,005
239, 002
08,902
23,461
628
582
109,696 62,377 96,219 114,202 152,158 118,350
821, 670
56,014
18,121
15,751
232,184
79, 505
01,554
10,544
750
057
115,023
14. Mediterranean................ .
Algeria..............................
Tunisia.............................
Canary Islands..............
Egypt.............................
Italian Africa...................
Morocco---------------------
Spanish Africa, n. e. s___
16. Other Afrioa....................
Ethiopia..........................
Belgian Congo.................
British A frica-
W e st........................
Gold Coast____
Nigeria..............
Other B ritish
West Africa.
South______ ______
Union of South
Africa_______
O th er B r itis h
South Africa__
East___ _________
Liberia______________
Madagascar__________
Trench Africa, n. o. s__
Portuguese Africa_____
Mozambique______
Other____________
20,830
u 7,329
2,110
8,221
. 03
2,445
601
48,699
10
469
7,836
31,369
2,306
213
130
27,076
8,273
3,042
11,084
66
8,091
929
82, 520
24
1,083
11,781
1*4,780
■8 3,677
182,424
53,108
4,723
492
409
4,037
6,863
5,360
1,513
14, 603
2,904
1,607
6,827
1,057
2,650
552
47,874
39
762
4,311
2,262
1,662
387
33,378
32,876
503
1,740
200
354
2,
4,494
3,780
714
23, 293
2,633
1,489
10,474
4, 658
3,477
763
72,920 72
1,093
5,403
3,103
1,930
364
53,621
62,860
761
2,644
388
354
3,533
5,919
6,002
857
18, 847
1, 916
1,125
981
10, 035
771
3,523
496
95,365
18
1,464
7,478
3,806
3,315
358
71,190
70,079
1,120
3,018
555
376
4,476
6,771
5,887
884
26, 436
2,420
1,402
2,845
13,7X2
1,615
4,371
165
126.723
363
2,270
10,060
5,691
4.012
458
90,210
88.723
1,487
5,138
852
404
6,021
9,715
8,428
1,280
28,197
2, —
1,419
1, “
18,317
250
3,222
1,100
96,163
63
1,876
6,309
2,780
2,170
407
71,763
70,060
1,097
3,769
813
SOS
3,823
7,100
5 ,9 0 3
1,286
21,304
2,055
1,020
731
13,853 82
3,008
617
03,712 1
2,482
4.715
2,507
1,838
370
70,403
69,145
1,258
3,460
i, 152
405
3,387
7.715
0,474
1,241
Latin America (groups 2, 3,
4, and 5).
Par last (groups 11,12,13)...
741,692
631,932
661, 036
738, 502
303, 609
387, 668
376, ISO
433, 410
429,373
458,
639,422
648, E
564, 136
676,026
633,153
fllfV60S
i See headnote.
’ Treated as a customs district of the United States beginning Jan. 1, 1035. Ear trade of Virgin Islands
with the United States and with foreign countries beginning 1035, see table 683.
8Average, 1031-1934.
*Ireland is included in United Kingdom prior to 1925.
81026 only.
8 Por statistical purposes, trade with Germany includes (as far as ascertainable) trade with Germanoccupied
areas from the following dates: Austria, May 0,1038; Sudeten area of Ozecho-Slovakla, Nov. 10,
1038; other Caeoho-Slovak provinces (Protectorate of Bohcmia-Moravia and part of Slovakia), Mnr. IS,
1939; Momol territory of Lithuania, Mar. 25, 1039; and Danzig and the Gorman-occupied parts of Poland,
Nov. 10,1939, Similarly, trade with the Czechoslovak area occupied by Poland is included with the Polish
trade from Dec. 80, 1938, to Nov, 16,1930, while trade with that area of Czocho-Slovakia occupied by Hungary
is included with that country’s trade after Doc. 30, 1038, and Mar. 19,1939, for the respective portions of
Ruthenla and part of Slovakia occupied by Hungary on those dates.

FOREIGN COMMERCE 513
M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o n t in e n t s , C o m m e r c ia l R e g i o n s , a n d C o u n t r ie s :
Continued
thousands of dollars]
IM P O R T S
1921-
1925)
average
1926-
1930,
average
1031-
1935)
average
1935 1936 1937 1038 1939
COUNTRY
Asia—Continued
496, 504 635, 562 203, 686 231,351 258,504 320,744 178, 944 228,100
142,035 140,506 47,775 64, 200 74,232 103,622 47,189 61,831 China.
15, 937 12,062 5,652 8,937 8,541 9,213 3, 367 3,570 Hong Kong.
2, 739 3,362 2,073 5,312 3,988 3,708 1,626 1,546 Kwantung.
335, 384 379,632 148,186 152,902 171,744 204,201 120,762 161,212 Japan.
16 681
53, 994 63,137 16, 209 26,481 35, 865 08,428 16,189 20, 705 18. Oceania,
37, 534 33,072 9, 600 14, 053 22, 917 43,639 8, 700 14,882 Australia.
13,821 16,032 5, 407 10,359 11, 572 22,268 6,559 11,214 New Zealand.
864 1,556 375 175 121 1,252 318 52 British Oceania.
1, 489 1,877 768 1,294 1,255 1,27C 612 55G French Oceania.
286
71,499 91,207 32,088 41,722 61,389 92,148 64,671 76,732 Africa.
38,232 36,027 9,442 13,151 14,164 21,147 10,969 11,686 14. Mediterranean.
} !« 2, 000 4, 229 1, R99 3, 026
f 1,620 3,741 2,434 2,029 Algeria.
I 871 1,02C 2,005 704 Tunisia.
24S 581 222 22S 204 24C 248 222 Canary Islands.
33, 471 30,092 0,572 8,911 10,301 13,533 4,772 7,023 Egypt.
21 35 142 214 224 23(1 150 203 Italian Africa.
394 1,089 072 772 938 2,300 1,361 1,444 Morocco.
(■') 1 0 (") (.7) 8 O’) 1 Spanish Africa, n.a.a.
35,207 66,181 22, 646 28,571 37,225 71,001 43,702 05, 046 16. Other Africa.
2 195 294 499 DOC 625 239 305 Ethiopia.
909 11,813 1,882 2,416 2,343 2,55(1 1,555 1,582 Belgian Congo.
British Africa—
12, 843 23,245 .10,755 13,905 18,172 35,849 11,409 16,443 West.
1812,988 6,300 8,497 13,282 21,562 6,723 8,986 Gold Coast.
is 11,814 4, 245 5,08C 4,601 13,302 4,077 6,821 Nigeria.
i«358 211 322 229 981 608 637 O ther B ritish
W est Africa.
9, 292 10,875 3,097 4,201 7,712 18,953 18,963 33,307 South.
3,462 3,850 5,015 14,402 15,985 28,721 Union of South
Africa.
236 411 1,708 4, 551 2,978 4,640
South Africa.
1,75C 2,410 1,951 2,442 4,975 4,701 5, 532 5,658 East.
2£ 180 63 17C 505 1,070 1,057 2,137 Liberia.
207 246 227 422 646 1,108 1,821 1,718 Madagascar.
1010775 1,817 1,064 2, 577 2,125 6,01C 2,501 3,2QG French Africa, n. e. s.
6,015 4,401 2,123 1,871 156 i, ooe 625 630 Portuguese Africa.
4,311 1,970 1,723 101 166 74 33 Mozambique.
00 148 148 55 890 552 598 Other.
936,569 1,006,246 421, 418 482,881 528, 752 705,071 485,335 548,641 latin America (groups 2,3,
4, and 6),
975, 523 1,218,800 490, 830 612,566 722, 016 998, 488 556,651 892,402 Far East (groups 11,12,13).
7U. 8. S. R. in Asia included with U. S. S. R. in Europe beginning 1924.
8Includes Ukraine for 1021-1924 and Far Eastern Republic for 1924.
9Albania included with Yugoslavia prior to 1932.
10 Average for years 1932-1935.
11Turkey in Europe included with Turkey in Asia beginning 1928.
12 Includes Greece in Asia and Armenia and Kurdistan for 1921-1924.
13 Other British East Indies prior to 1922.
l< Includes Far Eastern Republic for 1921-1923.
18 Average for yoars 1921-1923.
18Figures given under Algeria and Tunisia include French Africa, n. a. s,. for years prior to 1922.
77 Less than $500.
18 2-year average, 1929 and 1930.
10 Average for years 1922-1925.
Source: See general note, p. 483.

5 1 4 FOREIGN COMMERCE
N o. 5 7 1 .— E xports (Including R eexports) and I mports of M erchandise,
1937, 1938, and 1939, and D uties Collected, 1939, by Customs D istricts
N ote.—“Duties collected” are as reported to the Treasury Department by collectors, subject in certain
cases to subsequent refund as well as drawback. These figures are somewhat higher than duties as
calculated on the basis of imports for consumption, as shown in tablo 657
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
CUSTOMS DISTRICT
EXPORTS, DOMESTIC AND
FOREIGN
1937 1938 1939
IMPORTS FOR CONSUMPTION
DUTIES
COL­
LECTED
1937 1938 1939 1939
T otal-—. 3,349,187 3,094,440 3,177,176
N orth A tlantic coast........ ............
M aine and N ew H am pshire.
M assachusetts.... ......................
R hode Islan d ........................... .
C onnecticut.............................. .
N ow Y ork________ ________
P h ilad elp h ia—........................ .
South Atlantio coast_____ ____ _
M ary lan d ...................................
V irginia.......................................
N o rth C arolina.........................
South C arolina.......... ..............
G eorgia...................................... .
P u erto Rfco...............................
V irgin Is la n d s l-........ ..............
Gulf coast____________________
F lo rid a....................................... .
M obile.........................................
N ew O rleans.........- ..................
S abine— ...................................
G alveston...................................
M exican border____ __________
San A ntonio..................... '........
E l P aso ___________________
A rizona______________ ____ _
Paolfio coast__________________
W ashington...............................
O regon.......................... -___ . ..
S an Francisco— .....................
L os A ngeles...........................
Ban Diego..................... ............
A laska___________________ ...
H aw aii____________________
N orthern border..........
V erm ont______ _____
St. Law rence................
R ochester...................
B uffalo............................
O hio.................................
M ichigan___—.............
C hicago*........................
W isconsin......................
D u lu th and S uperior.
D a k o ta ............................
M o n tan a a n d I d a h o -
Interior________ ;_______
P ittsb u rg h .....................
K e n tu c k y .__________
Tennessee____ ______
In d ia n a ...........................
Io w a 4...............................
O m aha............................
S t. Louis______ ____ _
M in n eso ta..................... .
C olorado........................ .
U tah and N evada____
P arcel p o st____ _______
1,369,748
13,917
27,699
1,233
3
1,234,432
02,464
310,228
106,606
137,701
16,628
16,774
29,717
2,646
06
061,716
44,021
47,084
217,480
78,764
274,377
101,732
84,180
11,677
5,866
403,931
92,661
27,038
137,097
137,094
7,
400
2,102
482,832
38,616
35,335
8,410
105,372
33,144
190,233
15,767
628
14,165
35,346
5,826
1,246,938
11,018
20,377
966
164
1,126,260
88,153
284,755
81,810
156,603
13,859
10,333
19,092
1,867
321
627,496
83,988
35.604
190,805
84,881
276,268
79,656
69,666
6,740
3,250
387,101
09,076
29,023
135,128
147,097
4,642
605
1,529
453, 115
28,841
30.605
7,656
00,423
25,207
162,812
35,147
4,391
24,668
5,3
1,421,486
10,572
23,101
900
IflR
1,293,846
92,868
218,876
80,066
97,133
2,883
4,959
23,179
1, 560
106
675,505
32,341
23,496
181,383
77,849
260,436
85,726
75,371
6,458
3,897
890,037
78,333
30,418
120,158
152,444
6,257
537
V
469,625
84,324
40,r"
8,469
110,058
29,131
174,299
17,202
18,081 15,380 15,923
3,009,852 1,949,624 2,970,099 1 340,921
1,924,904 1,222,702 1,453,244 221,516
23,844 17,082 19,394 427
219,662 107,011 145, 387 29,679
6,646 3,194 4,859 2,293
3,60S 2,812 2,730 1,001
1,470, SIC 983, 618 1,148,084 162,740
190,894 108,486 131,885 25,370
191,596 147, 922 147, 684 35,292
99,290 05,889 06,120 19,009
37,176 32,083 34, 444 9,218
19,836 21, 743 21,284 10,557
8,639 7,143 8,235 1,400
10,438 12,139 10,069 2,126
9,144 7,938 6,473 11,383
1,172 088 969

FOREIGN COMMERCE 515
No. 5 7 2 .—Exports (Including Reexports) and I mports op Merchandise,
b y Groups op Customs Districts: 1860 to 1939
N o t e . — A l l figures in th o u san d s of dollars. F o r basis of dollar values, except export figures for 18C6 and
1870-78, seo general note, p . 483. E xport figures for those years rep resen t mixed gold a n d currency values
a n d hence do n o t agree w ith th e specie values given for total exports in other tables. Figures cover fiscal
years to a n d inclu d in g 1915, calendar years beginning 1916. Im p o rt d a ta are “ general im ports” th ro u g h
1933; “ im ports for consu m p tio n ” thereafter. E xports and im p o rts of th e interior districts, a sm all per*
centage of th e to ta l, are n o t included in th is table
YEAR OR
YEARLY
AVERAGE
ATLANTIC COAST
Exports Imports Exports
GOLF COAST
MEXICAN
BORDER
PACIFIC COAST
NORTHERN
BORDER
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Imports
Tfinn 100,216 304,677 163.680 22,303 1,012 528 4,981 7,372 13,688 18,836
1865 ........... 257,459 193,741 8,022 1,476
10,905 15,948 16,228 27,580
1870............. 293,440 370,614 140,020 16', 506 2,213 959 14,647 16,241 15,043 31,039
1871-1875— 390,835 501,968 122,077 20,099 2,719 1,440 21,681 20,039 22,318 28,328
1876-1880... 533,477 425,404 107,462 12,430 3,114 1,707 33,400 30,320 26,028 22,703
1881-1885... 539,552 572,760 114,719 13,834 4,431 2,200 50,742 40,285 32,649 37.141
1880-1890— 648 775 594,176 112,Oil 14,204 3,640 6,413 42,352 46,455 31,000 48,514
1891-1805... 555,100 651,233 140,229 21,407 8,597 9,619 44,260 40,683 44,235 48,245
1890-1900... 813,139 Oil, 207 188,587 18,356 16,051 4,579 00,712 40,027 79,727 50,247
1001-1905... 923,383 776,744 297.681 37, 652 25,304 12,631 81,029 55,747 126,276 70.141
1900-1910— 1,058,483 1, 052,156 408,056 60,901 33,074 16,980 80,229 82,813 192,242 112,767
1911-1915... 1,304,240 1,278, 953 613,980 100,153 22,785 24,708 135,718 128,019 333,493 159,878
1915-1920!- 4,234,998 2,245,780 946,500 185, 341 49,301 41,471 449,900 429,557 840,306 432,185
1921-1926— 2,207,289 2,296,418 1,038,592 233,228 73,826 17,117 374,062 421,082 643,761 450,922
1920-1030— 2,224,224 2,675,493 1,082,472 275,442 92, 000 80,003 526,059 485,071 825,539 535,040
1931-1036— 935, 052 1,195,933 602,970 119,962 45,478 8,662 248,645 147,815 287,559 220,029
1807............. 733,205 039,407 181,269 19,991 13,999 4,135 58,925 43.906 63,596 60,066
IRAS 862, 325 502,146 201,848 13,063 12,135 5,005 74,188 60,264 80,981 39,478
IRAQ 870, 755 576,163 194,390 17,483 15,820 4,632 56,204 45,878 89,404 45,588
iQnn 963, 569 693,113 234,103 23,093 22,320 5,378 70,175 58,816 104,267 59,948
mm 1,002, 841 670,622 285,406 26,670 21,147 10,142 69,534 48,203 107,939 67,120
1002............. 806, 445 724,371 203,079 31,077 24,231 13,704 87.515 54,301 111,441 67,766
mna 904.172 821,252 285,021 38,378 26,936 13,377 79.253 66,476 126,769 82.064
1004 807,100 779,237 334,795 43,924 20,201 12,460 05,723 67,499 133,942 83,744
1905............. 017, 350 888,230 319,544 48,210 26,245 14,981 103,122 62,257 152,300 90,030
1900 ........ 1,001,778 974,563 368.723 53,084 34,025 16,946 101.770 66,324 176,605 97,928
1,079,770 1,133,032 469,273 62,908 41,101 18,001 92,030 91,140 108,074 109,172
mrw 1,155,761 907,185 396,552 59,341 33.101 10,869 94,207 81,982 181,147 114,874
mno 976,903 1,018,847 409.631 59,566 27,136 10,178 69,949 86.962 179,329 112.690
inm 1,018,144 1,227,155 399,100 68,705 29,100 22,911 73,189 88,667 226,398 120,123
inn 1,106,409 1,163,540 487,920 82,148 30,397 20,304 94,261 102,703 269,890 137,724
mm. 1,202,079 1,268,101 463,974 02,246 27.194 22,512 127,642 111,488 322,371 137.882
HIM 1,348,811 1,375,850 543,077 103,012 24,903 27,060 146,850 128,895 401,908 153,613
1M4 1,301,100 1,374,621 566,388 120,372 16,630 32,803 136,243 138,151 341,183 205,273
IMfi 1,739,169 1,212,050 508,435 102,388 14,801 20,801 173,686 158,858 332,020 164,897
1915 (6 mos.) 1,303,840 038,241 223,550 44,396 9,706 13,024 97,319 106,067 218,381 105,305
Tftlft 3,820,421 1,654,404 624,381 114.298 23.601 42,970 337,920 294.973 670,418 268,982
1017............. 4,287,541 3,798,340 603,341 144,476 48,420 46,144 390.024 536,336 844,188 404,061
Tftlft 3,758,942 1,820,544 770,170 150,390 47,656 62,414 538,087 568,563 1,027,428 403,316
Ifilft 5,211,140 2,020,014 1,235,148 220.208 58,021 36,195 609,000 463,137 817,110 529,496
Iftftft 4,904,600 3,801,018 1,083,476 330,613 84,220 38,345 511,233 391,488 1,044,482 665,769
1021 2,378,657 1,726,488 1,070,730 158,231 103,643 10,113 311.605 100,308 614,601 408,411
109ft 1,038,344 2,024,211 914,466 188,42C 57,012 11,300 312,357 430,162 609,508 440,266
1023............. 2,070,261 2,534,277 991,804 237,57C 59.504 20,156 371,572 480,679 074,231 480,843
IftftA 2,245,002 2,357,723 1,164,452 281,881 73,253 20,343 447,311 477,302 038,940 441,717
TQftfi 2,403,680 2,830,389 1,295,444 300,038 75,759 23,673 427,476 520,900 681,437 507,373
Iftftfi 2,308, 548 2.953.131 1,120,944 326,614 72,831 26,317 518,888 646,102 769,473 543,493
1fift.7 2,207,143 2,774,503 1,100,918 285,372 77,120 27,023 506,125 510, 560 856,284 555,002
IftftR 2,200,374 2,077,130 1,227,757 284,576 05,464 30.394 601.007 504,696 924,741 564,119
IQftft 2,424,262 2.931,45f 1,140,328 283,041 115,663 30,695 695 Olf 623,543 030,071 585,417
man 1,800,794 2,041,245 822,412 197,70£ 101,963 20,087 449,260 343,446 648,128 427,172
ip ai 1.167,773 1.461.408 502.108 139,074 47.950 13,857 303,038 194,948 389,336 264,791
IQftft 665,222 914,138 467,086 03,621 32,794 7,827 203,020 130,018 233,689 168,175
iflftft 719,654 1,037,630 502,051 100,701 41,862 4,031 107,606 121,083 Ah), 6t>3 170,740
1934______ 1,018,061 1,158,470 510,009 113,305 47,783 6,359 259,414 122,805 297,632 216,964
IftftR 1,104,66C 1,408,103 533,642 162,988 57.004 11,238 280,079 170,219 307,686 273,475
man 1,201,818 1,080,548 546,212 102,050 55,503 8,129 275,383 191,788 300,391
10ft7 1,679,976 2,115,96C 661,716 214,188 101,732 10,702 403,931 Z3Z, tiiti 482,832
mas 1,631,693 1,370,626 627,490 159,814 79,660 10,438 387,101 ISO, 761 453,115
1939............. 1,640,361 1,600,828 575,505 166,523 85,726 12,918 390,037 179,167 469,625
i P e rio d J u ly 1,1916, to D eo. 31,1920.
S ource: See general note, p . 483.
849,023
404,070
236,939
301,069

5 1 6 FOREIGN COMMERCE
No. 573.— E xpoets (Including R eexpoets) and I mports op M erchandise,
by P rincipal Customs D istricts: 1860 to 1939
N ote.—All figures in thousands of dollars. For basis of dollar values, except, export figures for 1806 and
1870-78, see general note, p.483. Export figures for those years represent mixed gold and ourrenoy values.
Figures oover fiscal years to and lnoluding 1916; thereafter, calendar years. Import data are "general
imports" through 1933; “imports for consumption” thereafter. Areas of districts wero rearranged
July 1, 1913. Prior to that date some of the districts were more restricted. However, in most oases
this change only slightly affects the comparability of the figures. Prior to 1914 the statistics given in
the table for Buffalo include the (former) districts of Buffalo Creek and Niagara; those for Michigan
i ncludo the (former) districts of Superior, Huron, and Detroit; and those for Massachusetts and Maryland
were the former districts of Boston and Baltimore, respectively
YEAR OR
YEARLY
AVERAGE
MASSACHUSETTS NEW YORK PHILADELPHIA MARYLAND GEORGIA
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
Exports
Imports
I860---------------- 12,748
1 RRfi
19,862 39,334 80,048 231,310 5,527 14,612 8,040 0,781 18,362 782
24,390 202,609 162,240 11,053 7,038 12,141 4,816
1870-_________ 14,126 47,484 196,616 28l| 049 16,928 Hi 483 14', 511 19; 512 29, 747 1,002
1871-1876______ 25,334 69,165 257,504 383,499 24,907 22,809 21,631 27,906 30, 749 307
1876-1880............. 47, 545 45,732 321,909 331,362 46,603 24,300 60,007 10,098 20, 591 484
1881-1888............. 64,752 64,684 357,502 453,943 39,146 32,807 51,007 13,801 22, 191 702
1880-1890............. 61,519 62,591 322,039 467,009 33,042 44,150 51,057 12,808 22, 019 364
1891-1805............. 83,827 68,510 300,621 503,284 43,432 57,617 75,020 14,873 25, 020 387
1896-1900............. 110,895 69,026 433,950 477,123 50,495 43,284 98,725 12,300 27, 214 377
1901-1906............. 102,378 80,132 511,404 597,139 73.688 53,972 88,505 22,211 51, 084 933
1900-1910............. 881467 113,207 639,080 798,313 88,842 74,278 91,931 30,252 60 781 2,352
1011-1916............. 76,794 141,012 913,312 976,410 74,238 86,261 107,095 30,100 84, 022 4,882
1016-19201........... 217,236 273,049 2,912,529 1,703,482 415,261 144,849 320,396 42,282 139, 775 10,745
1921-1928............. 53, 55G 287,227 1,011,328 1,075,784 117,833 182,867 113,995 77,080 71, 832 10,714
1026-1930.......... 40, 666 267,496 1,099,191 1,907,949 100,406 205,098 93,543 109,108 73, 099 17,814
1031-1936______ 18,804 95,799 075,065 800,790 55,625 100,712 32,199 55,312 24 657 9,320
1897................. ... 100,867 90,178 391,080 480.604 47,305 48,073 86,693 11,371 23, 443 410
1898..................... 117, 532 51,475 445,516 402,281 56,244 31,420 118,846 8,007 28 038 392
1899..................... 128,037 62,008 469,444 466,660 60,960 41,223 107,166 9,151 Hi. 03Q 375
1900..................... 112,196 72,190 518,834 537,237 78,406 51,866 115,630 19,045 38, 262 430
1001..................... 143,708 61,452 629,693 527,260 79,864 48,043 106,230 18,869 40 739 645
1902..................... 102,404 71,921 490,862 669,931 80,383 47,750 80,533 22,825 41, 525 672
1003........-........... 88,126 86,311 506,830 018,700 73, 532 69,996 81,704 27,803 54 141 1,037
1904..................... 89,841 80,658 506,808 600,171 71,393 53,890 82,886 20,340 53 770 924
1906..................... 87,804 100,318 624,726 679,029 88,278 60,181 91,215 21,181 62, 245 1,480
1000.................... 98, 740 106,442 607,160 734,361 82,664 70,801 109, 926 30,085 64, 840 1,603
1007..................... 100,872 124,433 627,950 863,697 94,832 79,870 104,809 37,774 63 040 2,204
1008..................... 96,061 93,079 701,063 688,21B 109,261 03.432 80,080 29,477 01 696 2,044
1909..................... 70,1 BE 112,473 607,239 779,309 84.286 68,884 77, 561 24,022 60 900 2,152
1010— .............. 70, 517 129,000 651,986 935,991 73,200 88,403 77, 382 20,901 03, 428 3,855
1011..................... 71, 634 116,597 772,562 881,593 09,656 83,027 85,121 32,174 72, 076 6,207
1012..................... 69, 002 129,299 817,946 976,744 60,070 85,038 02, 211 26,438 104, 287 5,130
1013..................... 69, 563 146,59C 917,936 1,048,321 76,316 93,210 116,474 32, S95 58, 235 4,462
1914..................... 65, 715 159,91£ 864,649 1,040,381 65,183 90,483 109, 690 34.489 111) 595 6,270
1915..................... 107,476 152,654 1,193,581 931, Oil 00,660 72,948 131, 978 24,983 74, 910 3,251
1916 (6mos.)___ 53,707 81,345 1,020,310 498,617 77,089 31,420 67, 647 11,938 20, 262 859
1010.................... 183, 963 202,990 2,700,408 1,257,185 317,134 111, 411 291,168 38.042 08, 038 1,684
1917..................... 208, 532 229,404 2,901,138 1,361,662 502,224 102,244 377,376 36,903 107, 777 4,888
1918..................... 221, 315 295,915 2,560,857 1,294,415 425,072 115,011 300,717 35.083 111» 891 15,001
1910..................... 334,437 299,305 3,456,329 2,064,654 519,564 153,819 353,713 38.000 258, 082 15,307
1920..................... 192,802 392,753 3,283,873 2,892,021 442,250 282,763 381, 557 69,824 202, 014 64,269
1021..................... 60,251 164,922 1,730,266 1,332,266 130,672 122,302 142,810 41,124 64, 124 9,086
1922__________ 60,646 238,607 1,376.39C 1,484,685 120,477 154,332 124,941 60.060 67, 073 14,072
1923....... ........... . 62,16f 307,283 1,518,852 1,797,829 106,607 219,710 93,436 91,830 51, 493 28,028
1024..................... 57,34f 253,852 1,057,698 1,090,003 106,444 202,597 100,172 100.494 77, 337 22,066
1928__________ 47, 494 321,567 1,774,436 2,074.149 119,064 216,343 108,014 94,906 08, 534 22,917
1920..................... 41,283 306,879 1,002,538 2,224,904 97,005 195,823 120,348 106.241 104, 594 10,490
1927..................... 42,181 288,499 1,720,11C 2,042,783 90,911 204,500 101,323 108,967 97, 228 18.050
1028..................... 45,470 270,512 1,709,904 1,060,058 88,424 216,692 98,974 110,020 60, 199 18.304
1920..................... 40,761 290.394 1,903,095 2,152,710 123,862 243,547 84,231 116,560 57 919 18.698
1030______ ____ 33,033 170,199 1,384.309 1,469,227 101,830 165,928 53,840 103,730 45, 563 14,435
1031..................... 26,082 105.103 868,707 1,002,360 74,302 115,296 34,440 77,389 28, 472 12,659
1932.... ................. 15,731 72,501 475,423 656,082 39,624 79,113 24,489 46,141 20 309 6.600
1933__________ 11,963 93,185 500,982 748,236 47,848 91,012 25,583 45.933 23 785 6,833
1934-................. 15,071 97,615 733,875 834,159 54,595 98,398 40,643 52,226 23 210 7,764
1935.................... 24,575 110,533 790,330 1,033,125 61,756 119,742 35,841 64,867 27, 503 12,754
1930..................... 19,121 151,121 872,314 1,197,024 04,757 158,774 45,071 71.728 2ft, 534 14,318
1937-................... 27,699 219,662 1,234,432 1,479,819 92,464 190,894 106,695 99,200 29, 717 16,438
1938..................... 20,377 107.611 1,120,269 983,518 88.153 108i 486 81,810 65.889 19, 902 12.139
1939. .................. 23,101 145,387 1,293,840 1,148,984 92,868 131,885 89, 066 66,120 23, 179 10,069
' P erio d J u ly 1,1916, to D ee. 31,1920.

FOREIGN COMMERCE 517
No. 5 7 3 .— E x p o r t s (I n c l u d in g R e e x p o r t s) a n d I m po r t s op M e r c h a n d is e ,
b y P r in c ip a l C u sto m s D ist r ic t s: 1860 t o 1939— Continued
[A ll figures in thousands of dollars]
TEAR OR
YEARLY
AVERAGE
NEW ORLEANS GALVESTON BUFFALO CHICAGO 1 MICHIGAN
Exports
Imports
Exports
Exports
Exports Imports Exports Imports
Imports
Imports
1860............................ 108,165 20,636 5,772 533 3,049 4 ,8 5 0 1,165 60 3,827 961
IRAK 3,682 1,464 901 7,118 4,590 311 2,877 1,441
1870............................ 107,687 14,377 14,874 509 363 9 ,2 7 6 2,013 736 3,116 1,736
1871-1875................. 90,675 16,694 15,768 1,612 739 7,145 5,053 911 6,314 2,461
1876-1880................ 78,894 9,790 15,214 1,155 678 6,979 3,380 474 9,915 2,994
1881-1885................. 86,166 10,083 21,011 1,982 412 8,304 3,223 2,717 13,969 5.136
1886-1890................ 87.059 11,707 18,319 663 483 9.920 2,013 12,260 16,604 5,375
1891-1895................ 93,028 18,683 36,707 776 4,673 7,069 3,054 15,853 16,729 0,081
1896-1900................ 90,832 13,833 65,432 1,385 15,077 6,030 4,790 12,936 26,018 5,609
1901-1905................ 147,174 28,215 114,840 2,055 30,760 8.465 5,043 18,160 39,045 7,973
1906-1910................ 163,171 46.645 185,524 4,717 47, 483 12,562 4,564 24,700 62,736 13,426
1911-1015................ 179.038 78,608 241,254 7,011 82, 712 24,321 10,841 32,600 102,360 20,067
1916-10201.............. 428,107 1 49,07C 840,984 15. 930 198,686 88,101 21,370 40,117 204,375 81,893
1921-1025................ 391,842 167,731 523,904 30,066 162, 606 77,517 27,081 46,066 211,729 76,850
1925-1030................ 363, 633 201,662 548,254 31, 598 209,103 136,008 11,805 48,014 292, 545 93,207
1931-1935................ 141,711 84,747 256,703 15,681 70,602 52,785 4,288 28,050 113,055 47,588
1807............................ 101,494 16.619 58,168 779 10,818 7 ,1 8 9 2,310 11,528 22, 273 6,881
1898............................ 112,827 e, m 68,426 1,100 14, 571 5,385 7,48G 10,141 28, 606 5,002
1899............................ 87,093 11,918 78,477 2,621 14,989 5,440 7,676 12,164 28,725 4,657
1900........................... 116,859 17,491 85,658 1,454 24,200 0,959 5,212 15,310 32,559 6,353
1901.......................... 152,777 20,402 101,857 954 28,629 6,726 10,030 14,532 33,742 0,232
1902........................... 134,487 28.763 96,722 909 25,121 8,233 5,093 16,861 34,735 7,630
1903........................... 149,073 28.881 104,121 1,611 28,696 8,973 4,551 20,122 40,328 8,566
1904.......................... 148,505 34,037 145,316 1,843 35,001 7,980 2,322 21,088 41,088 8,480
1906........................... 160,937 88,933 126,182 4,992 40,766 10,413 3,221 18,145 44,733 8,057
1900........................... 150,470 30,465 166,318 5,010 44,207 10,132 2,581 22,210 67,750 10,998
1907............................ 170,502 46,047 237,308 7,029 48,760 11,744 4,013 25,017 04,865 11,516
1908............................ 169,456 42,780 101,352 5,694 46,460 11,310 4,925 20,172 61,108 14,537
1909............................ 144,682 45,712 189,464 3,355 42,891 13,065 4.775 23,071 60.161 14,172
1910............................ 140,377 65,712 173,170 2,488 55,109 16,553 8,629 26,761 60,794 15,900
1911............1............. 172,835 66.722 220,505 3,531 67,279 18,973 6,910 30,586 81,898 17,031
1912.......................... 149,161 75.09C 218,14C 4 ,31C 81,543 20,500 7,065 28,749 96,941 18.816
1913............................ 169,980 82,300 261,45* 7,821 103,103 20,405 4,860 32.537 112,641 19,687
1914............................ 193,840 89,382 255,768 12,246 87,670 30,300 8,688 38,631 102.573 28,347
1915........................... 209,373 79,745 230,392 10,148 73,059 31,415 23,565 29,408 117,747 24,966
1915 (6 mos.).__ 61,683 35,976 92,370 2,814 60,016 20,126 7,835 14,018 84,852 14,225
1916............................ 266,662 92,041 252,545 8,373 184,019 41,421 3,990 29,000 222,663 32,676
1 9 1 7 ........................ 320,891 1 16,24£ 220, m 13,979 212,820 105,612 4,410 27,008 279,143 54,131
1018............................ 399,997 124,252 226,834 14,013 208,340 99.915 69,019 40,301 370.158 57,231
1919............................ 663,073 1 77,28C 467,183 17,704 109,051 08,378 6,524 45,804 297,029 74,896
1920.......... ................. 712,380 274,073 649,253 30,730 237,030 121,436 25,800 64,504 356,220 107,361
1921............................ 423,043 110,283 452,911 18,868 164,160 59,241 45,230 41,491 177,901 63,052
1022............................ 353.282 1 29,75C 417,142 21, 10C 140,021 70.283 38,500 46,914 205,077 65.442
1923............................ 301,410 1 71,62C 530; 64C 32.062 178,81E 70,310 13,997 45,555 226,500 90,019
1924.......................... 411,691 205,974 579,501 41,487 156,250 72,247 26,415 45,739 195,902 81.537
1925............................ 467,279 222,023 630,418 36,862 177, 764 115,406 14,250 50,630 252,274 84,247
1926............................ 413,793 238,805 533,825 38,906 191,676 125,668 17,843 50,478 272,375 101,682
1927............................ 370,607 211,684 554,893 35,883 219,004 137,930 17,718 51,585 279,907 91,314
1928............................ 376,837 211,783 682,340 30,801 223,938 144,928 9,002 50,381 328,439 92,099
1929— .................... 384; 670 208.431 573,567 30,636 239; 803 157,380 8,178 52,583 342,646 105,433
1930............................ 273,358 137,040 396,640 21,767 170,193 117,402 6,580 39,542 239,358 75,959
1931............................ 145,626 06.209 262,038 14,948 105,508 61,527 2.720 29.669 144,860 56,832
1932............................ 128,051 66,553 244,463 10,773 62,032 37,627 4,973 21,238 84,755 38,096
1933............................ 126.786 76,447 275,182 10,813 50,825 40,800 5,398 24,029 82,058 40,537
1034............................ 140,150 79,863 252,053 16,276 04,830 48,927 4.4C0 30,307 124,358 48,407
1935......................... .. 161,034 105,663 240,779 25,097 60,805 75,043 3,032 38,564 129,243 54,069
1036........................... 167,402 109,814 251,970 24,302 82,568 93,037 5,811 44,301 145,101 70.045
1037............................ 217,480 144, 217 274,377 32,053 105,372 95,860 15,757 61,400 190,233 83,545
1038............................ 196,80S 104,69C 276,268 25. 448 90, 423 47,535 35,147 34,181 162.812 55,033
1939............................ 181,383 97, 758 260,436 27,224 110,058 70,254 17,202 35,854 174,290 70,856
iPeriod July 1,1915, to Dec. 31, 1920.
* Iowa inoiudod with Chicago, beginning Sopt. 23, 1930.

5 1 8 FOREIGN COMMERCE
N o. 6 7 3 .— E x p o r t s (In c l u d in g R e e x p o r t s ) a n d I m p o r t s o p M e r c h a n d is e ,
b y P r in c ip a l C u st o m s D is t r ic t s : 1860 t o 1939— Continued
Y E A R O R Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E
S A N FRANCISCO
E x ­
p o r t s
I m ­
p o r t s
"W ASHINGTON
E x ­
p o r t s
I m ­
p o r t s
Y E A R O R Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E
S A N FR A N C ISC O
E x ­
p o r t s
I m ­
p o r t s
W A SH IN G T O N
E x ­
p o r t s
I m ­
p o r t s
I 8 6 0 .................................. 4 ,8 6 8
1 8 6 8 .................................. 9 ,6 8 8
1 8 7 0 .................................. 1 3 ,9 6 2
1 8 7 1 - 1 8 7 8 ....................
1 8 7 6 - 1 8 8 0 ....................
1 8 8 1 - 1 8 8 5 ....................
1 8 8 6 - 1 8 9 0 ....................
1 8 9 1 - 1 8 9 8 ....................
1 8 9 6 - 1 9 0 0 ....................
1 0 0 1 - 1 9 0 6 ....................
1 9 0 6 - 1 9 1 0 ....................
1 9 1 1 - 1 9 1 5 ....................
1 9 1 5 - 1 9 2 0 '.................
1 9 2 1 - 1 9 2 8 ....................
1 9 2 6 - 1 9 3 0 ....................
1 9 3 1 - 1 0 3 5 .....................
1 8 9 7 .............
1 8 9 8 .............
1 8 9 9 .............
1 9 0 0 .............
1 9 ,4 7 8
2 7 ,7 1 8
4 1 ,7 4 0
3 3 ,0 3 6
3 2 ,3 6 5
• 3 6 ,6 0 7
3 7 ,7 6 1
3 2 ,7 5 8
6 0 ,1 5 4
1 8 6 ,3 1 7
1 5 8 ,2 7 5
1 8 3 ,2 3 6
9fi, 950
3 9 ,6 4 8
4 1 ,2 2 4
3 0 ,2 1 5
4 0 ,3 6 8
7 ,8 6 7
1 5 ,8 0 2
1 5 ,9 8 3
2 5 ,4 6 9
2 9 ,7 9 8
3 9 ,1 0 9
4 4 ,3 4 4
4 3 ,6 5 7
4 0 ,4 4 3
3 8 ,1 8 8
4 9 ,2 2 6
0 3 ,7 6 0
1 9 7 ,6 1 3
1 5 5 ,5 0 0
1 9 5 ,3 3 1
0 5 ,2 3 3
3 4 ,3 7 6
4 2 ,8 2 3
3 5 ,7 4 7
4 7 ,8 7 0
633
428
497
436
1 ,6 4 7
2 ,7 0 8
5 ,6 2 7
1 3 ,0 4 8
3 0 ,7 0 8
3 8 ,5 6 7
5 7 ,7 1 1
2 2 2 ,7 0 2
1 1 0 ,3 6 1
1 3 6 ,8 8 6
4 8 ,9 7 4
1 1 ,8 6 5
1 7 ,9 1 9
1 5 ,2 0 0
1 7 ,9 0 3
1 9 0 1
1 9 0 2
.............
.............
3 4 ,5 9 7
3 8 ,1 8 4
3 5 ,1 6 2
3 5 , i o a
2 0 ,6 7 9
3 3 ,7 8 9
1 0 0 3 ..................................
1 9 0 4 . ...............................
3 3 ,5 0 3
3 2 ,5 4 7
3 6 ,4 5 4
3 7 ,6 4 3
8 2 ,5 0 0
2 2 ,7 3 0
1 9 0 5 ................................ 4 0 ,9 2................................
4 4 6 ,6 7 6 4 3 ,8 4 8
1 9 0 6
1 9 0 7
1 9 0 8
1 9 0 9
.............
.............
.............
.............
3 9 ,9 1 6
3 3 ,0 2 7
2 8 ,0 0 0
8 1 ,6 6 9
4 4 ,4 3 3
5 4 ,0 9 5
4 8 ,2 5 1
4 9 ,9 9 8
4 9 ,2 3 5
4 3 ,0 6 9
4 4 ,0 8 8
2 5 ,7 8 3
1 9 1 0 ................................ 3 1 ,1 8................................
1 4 9 , 351 3 0 ,1 2 1
12
35
80
3 3
109
417
1 ,0 6 8
6 ,8 6 9
9 ,9 0 7
2 8 ,4 0 9
5 0 ,2 0 0
2 0 6 ,8 6 2
2 1 4 ,2 1 3
2 1 2 ,1 8 4
3 5 ,2 1 6
7 ,0 6 8
5 ,0 5 8
7 ,2 4 0
7 ,1 4 9
6 ,7 2 1
1 1 ,9 7 1
1 2 ,1 7 7
1 1 ,2 8 5
7 ,3 7 8
1 3 ,6 1 4
2 5 ,3 5 3
2 2 ,2 0 9
2 6 ,9 6 0
2 8 ,9 1 0
1 9 1 1
1 9 1 2
1 9 1 3
1 9 1 4
1 9 1 5
....................
.............
.............
.............
.............
4 0 , 0 2 5
4 9 , 2 5 0
0 6 , 0 2 1
6 8 , 8 7 5
8 1 , 6 0 1
1 9 1 5 (6mos.)-------
1 9 1 6 .............
1 9 1 7 .............
1 9 1 8 .............
1 9 1 9 .............
1 9 2 0 .............
4 1 , 8 0 7
1 2 0 ,7 6 8
1 7 5 ,1 8 0
2 1 4 , 6 0 5
2 4 0 , 5 1 8
2 2 5 , 8 2 8
1 8 6 ,7 7 3
1 7 4 , 5 5 6
2 0 1 , 2 0 5
2 0 6 , 0 1 8
1 4 7 , 6 6 8
1 1 2 , 257
8 2 ,0 0 3
8 4 , 5 1 2
9 1 , 6 8 6
1 0 8 , 3 9 3
0 8 , 6 0 0
137, 0 0 7
1 3 5 ,1 2 8
1 2 0 ,1 6 8
5 3 ,8 8 6
5 0 , 2 3 5
6 2 , 6 0 2
8 7 , 1 1 1
7 6 , 0 6 8
4 2 , 2 9 0
1 1 7 , 1 2 8
2 3 1 , 9 7 0
2 .4 5 ,5 1 9
2 3 8 , 0 2 7
2 1 1 , 9 2 8
2 1 0 , 1 3 9
1 9 9 , 9 9 9
1 9 8 ,2 7 5
2 1 2 , 6 7 8
1 6 5 ,6 0 4
8 5 ,7 7 6
5 8 ,2 2 8
5 5 ,5 1 4
5 4 ,9 7 0
7 1 ,0 0 0
7 1 , 005
8 7 , 761
6 8 ,0 1 4
5 0 , 503
3 9 ,3 6 1
6 3 ,7 4 6
6 2 ,5 4 8
5 5 ,0 1 2
6 7 ,8 8 8
4 6 ,1 6 1
2 0 0 ,4 4 8
1 9 6 ,9 3 2
2 0 0 ,1 0 6
2 9 2 ,2 7 4
1 9 2 ,8 8 0
1 9 2 1 ............. 1 2 0 , 1 1 1 9 7 , 1 2 9 9 0 ,3 2 7
1 9 2 2 ..........- 1 4 6 , 0 9 0 1 7 0 , 8 1 6 9 0 ,0 7 1
1 9 2 3 ................................ 1 0 0 , 4 3................................
2 1 8 0 ,6 8 5 1 1 6 ,0 8 8
1 0 2 4 .................................. 1 7 3 , 4 4 2 1 4 0 , 8 3 5 1 3 4 ,7 0 0
1 9 2 5 ............. 1 8 3 , 2 9 2 1 9 6 , 6 3 7 1 2 0 ,5 6 7
1 9 2 6 ...................................
1 0 2 7 ..................................
1 9 2 8 ...................................
1 9 2 0 ..................................
1 0 3 0 ............
1 0 3 1 ............
1 9 3 2 ............
1 9 3 3 ............
1 934 ................................ - ..............................
1 9 3 5 ............
1936 ..................................
1 9 3 7 ............
1 9 3 8 ............
1 9 3 9 ............
1 4 7 ,5 7 0
1 2 9 ,5 1 3
1 5 0 ,8 1 7
1 6 3 ,8 7 4
1 0 2 ,6 5 5
0 7 ,2 0 9
3 6 ,9 0 6
3 7 ,3 2 0
6 3 ,7 4 0
4 0 ,6 3 0
6 1 ,0 0 0
9 2 ,5 6 1
8 0 ,0 7 6
7 8 ,3 3 8
8 0 ,0 6 5
8 0 ,0 1 1
5 1 ,4 7 4
5 5 ,3 9 2
6 8 ,4 0 7
5 6 ,9 3 3
1 0 1 ,7 8 0
2 8 9 ,0 7 8
3 0 0 ,9 5 4
1 0 5 ,9 1 9
1 3 4 ,0 7 0
6 8 ,5 3 9
2 1 8 ,2 1 8
2 6 2 ,1 5 6
2 7 0 , 284
2 0 1 , 870
2 6 1 ,8 8 0
2 3 9 ,2 8 4
2 2 9 ,0 2 4
2 1 0 ,7 7 4
1 1 3 ,7 0 8
5 5 ,3 4 4
3 5 ,2 8 0
2 8 ,3 0 2
2 3 ,3 6 7
3 3 ,7 7 7
8 7 ,2 5 4
3 9 ,8 0 5
2 9 ,2 5 0
8 4 ,4 5 1
1 Period Tuly 1,1918, to Deo. 31,1930. Souroe: See general note, p, 483.
N o. 6 7 4 .— I m p o r t e d D u t ia b l e M e r c h a n d is e E n t e r e d f o r C o n s u m p t io n —
V a l u e s , C a l c u l a t e d D u t ie s , a n d A v e r a g e R a t e o p D u t y , b y T a r if f
S c h e d u l e s : 1914 to 1939
N o te.—All money figures in thousands of dollars (for basis of dollar values, sea general note, p. 483). Data
cover fiscal years through 1918, calendar thereafter. Articles on which countervailing and antidumping
duties are assessed arc Included. Free list commodities taxable undor Revonuo Acts arc excluded from
the various schedules sinco 1933. Percents represent average ad valorem rate or ratio of duties to
values of dutiable merchandise
YEAR
Schedule 1.—Chemicals,
oils, and paints
Values
Duties
Schedule 2.—Earths,
e a r th e n w a r e , ana
glassware
Values Duties
Schedule 3.—Metals,
and manufactures of
Values
Duties
Percent
Percent
Percent
1914......................................... 60,314 13,100 21.72 25,222 10,187 40.39 50, 743 12,190 24.02
1915......................................... 54,098 11,222 20.74 18,142 6,805 87.61 81,836 6,990 21.96
1916......................................... 52,806 9,309 17.63 13,024 4,677 35.91 33. 246 6.309 18.98
1917......................................... 65,614 12,056 . 18.37 13,531 4,614 34.10 33,914 7,038 20.75
1918....................................... 65.762 10,507 16.98 13,444 4,707 36.01 33,227 6,813 20.51
1918 (6 months)................... 27,216 4,308 15.83 5,783 %005 85.71 16,022 3,451 20.75
1919......................................... 108,151 13,922 12.87 14,933 5,009 33. 65 43,186 8,672 20.08
1920......................................... 120.320 15,336 12.75 30,257 9,241 30.64 83,337 16,677 20.01
1921..................... -................. 64,753 14,144 21.84 28,591 9,864 34.60 02,793 13.672 21.77
1922......................................... 88,471 22,102 24.98 40,526 14,001 34. 56 82.105 20.468 24.93
1923......................................... 90,123 26,689 29.96 60,182 23,526 30.09 103,307 35,013 33.89
1924...................................... 77,016 24,492 31.80 54,481 22,098 40.50 90,768 35,240 36.21
1925........................................ 93,746 27,466 29.30 56,391 24, 529 43. 60 113, 684 38, 901 34.27
1926........ ................................ 98,328 28,681 20.17 61,080 28,908 47.82 147,010 48,528 33.01
1927........................................ 98,312 27,997 28.48 68,260 28,217 48. 43 185,403 47,170 34.84
1928........................................ 92,633 28,011 30.24 53,321 25,865 48. 61 131, 021 46,251 35.06
1929......................................... 110,462 S3,910 30.70 55,304 27,014 48.85 154,022 54,654 35.48
1930............................... . 73,837 25,859 36.26 41,040 20,524 40.28 97,214 36,307 37.41
1931-........................... . . .__ 52,913 20,279 38.38 26,694 13,421 62.23 58,618 23,062 39.41
1932--.......................... .■........ 36, 437 16,041 44.02 16,235 8, 326 54.47 32,810 12,355 37.66
1933....................................... 42,296 18,286 43.23 10,444 9,012 54.80 45,116 17,081 37.86
1934......................................... 46,438 17,375 38.24 19,195 10, 675 55. 61 57,802 20,284 36.09
1985......................................... 67,263 23,308 42.09 22,866 11,866 61.89 71,394 23,841 33.30
69,309 25,341 36.56 28,132 13,998 49.76 94,800 20,707 31.31
1037......................................... 83,316 29,264 35.12 36,054 18,067 48,89 114,020 37,135 32. 57
1938.................................... 51,968 19,417 37.87 24,603 11,049 44.76 68,172 21,493 31.54
56,586 19,634 34.70 25,369 10,794 42.55 80,728 25,749 28.70

FOREIGN COMMERCE 5 1 9
No. 5 7 4 .— I m p o r t e d D u t i a b l e M e r c h a n d is e E n t e r e d f o r C o n s u m p tio n —
V a lu e s , C a l c u l a t e d D u t i e s , a n d A v e r a g e B a t e o f D u t y , b y T a r i f f
S c h e d u l e s : 1914 t o 1939— Continued
[All figures except percentages in thousands of dollars]
YEAR
Schedule 4.—W o o d ,
and manufactures of
Values
Duties
Schedule 5.— Sugar,
molasses, and manufactures
of
Values
Duties
Schedule 6.—1Tobacco,
and manufactures of
Percent
Percent
Values Duties
Percent
1914
1915
..............
..............
1916 ..............
1917 ..............
1918 ..............
1918 (6 months)
1919 ..............
1920 ..............
1921 ..............
1922 ..............
1923 ..............
1924 .............
1026....................
1920...................
1927 ..............
1928 ............ .
1929 ..............
1030...................
1931 ............. .
1932 ..............
1933 ..............
1034....................
1935....................
1930 ..............
1637...................
1938 ..............
1939 ..............
12,182 1,619 13. 29 108,255 61, 870 57.15 32, 332 26,892 83.17
4,457 709 15.90 157,671 49, 008 81.48 29, 409 24,875 84.33
4,583 660 14. 40 205,512 55, 876 27.19 30,195 27, 581 91.34
6,207 756 14.52 243,354 55, 471 22.79 37, 300 29,837 79.99
4, 412 630 14. 41 240,380 49,093 20.42 31, 903 21, 961 68.76
1, 075 218 12.99 87,180 18, 250 20. 93 20, 300 12,270 60.42
6, 090 852 13.99 387,283 68, 609 17.72 61,609 27, 503 53.41
13,367 1,979 14.81 926,467 79, 530 8. 58 63,816 33, 695 52.80
9,894 1,640 15. 63 233, 461 71, 325 30.55 06,614 35,950 63.97
13,174 2,373 18. 02 232,941 147, 909 63. 52 62,415 31,789 50.93
18, 230 4,001 21.95 353,873 128, 064 36.19 64,881 35, 831 55.22
18,115 4,161 22.97 337,862 135, 906 40.23 67,530 33,941 50.26
18, 570 4,164 22.42 221,347 139,103 62.84 69,943 35,428 60.65
18,004 4,307 23.02 205,659 140, 591 71.28 70,789 38,076 53.79
19,879 4,535 22.81 222,703 131,199 58.91 68, 632 40,016 58.31
10,917 4,191 24. 77 174,700 118, 572 07.86 62,319 39,315 63.09
17,411 4,301 24.70 156,232 131,190 83.97 60,116 39,105 65.05
17,140 3,557 20.76 116,844 116,809 99.97 56,152 40,141 71.49
12,740 2,389 18.73 74,819 99,631 133.10 43,201 32,310 74.79
7,518 1,687 22.44 45,762 76,061 166.21 27,314 22,481 82.31
15,449 3,129 20.26 44,540 67, 408 151.34 24,754 21,542 87.02
11,156 2,357 21.13 64,945 43,706 67.30 25,235 22,486 89.10
14,723 3,070 20.86 05,016 40,048 42.15 25,868 22,015 85.11
20,052 2,901 14.05 113,607 40,575 36.78 29,931 25,243 84.34
10,801 3,188 16.05 120,045 45,371 35.83 81,776 24,213 70.20
13,503 2,156 15.07 05,486 45, 500 47.00 35,803 24,408 68.17
17,002 2,096 12.33 00,543 40, 218 51.05 35,999 23,927 66.47
Schedule 7.—Agricultural
products and
provisions
Schedule 8.— Spirits,
wines, and other beverages
Schedule 9.— Oofcfcon
manufactures1
1914...................
1916 ..............
1010..................
1917 ............
1918 ..............
1918 (0 months).
1919 .............
1920 .............
1921 .............
1922 .............
1923 .............
1924 .............
1925 .............
1026................. .
1927 ............. .
1928 ..............
1929 .............
1930 .............
1931 ............
1032..................
1933 .............
1934 .............
1936 ............. .
122,305 24,817 20.29 21,764 19,075 90.40 32, 629 9,260 28.47
87,673 18,036 20. 57 14,393 13,406 93.14 24,065 6,442 26.31
94,636 16,104 17.08 17,330 16,551 89.73 24, 245 5,960 24.62
132,718 17, 910 13.50 18,612 13,680 73. 00 36,417 8,260 22.68
125,360 14,595 11.04 10,563 7,038 60.63 30,947 6,872 22.21
49,322 5.647 11. 26 3,109 1.628 52.30 13,622 3,106 22.80
101,108 16,803 0.80 2,338 1,194 51.08 33,220 7,716 23.23
253,569 24,521 9.70 2,543 1,157 46. 52 89,275 21,185 23.74
160, 497 26,206 16.76 3,197 1,615 47.37 58, 414 15,242 26.09
199,479 42,505 21.31 2,057 i, i u 41.83 73,335 20,017 27.34
236,976 61,578 25.98 1,371 613 44.67 68,207 21,946 32.18
235,198 60,093 26.55 1,006 431 40.47 59,981 18,083 30.15
269,917 60,568 23.30 1,161 492 42.38 49,999 15,347 30.69
270.063 64,373 23.84 1,150 450 39.13 39,842 13.666 34.30
284,253 64,072 22.54 1,350 465 34.44 40,461 14,561 36.99
282,375 04,140 22.71 1,340 483 35.88 42,456 15,681 36.03
297,161 68, 055 22.90 1,571 644 34.63 42,855 15,627 36.40
213,035 69,695 27.97 1,303 430 31.56 33,282 13,457 40.43
134,337 56,613 42.14 1,273 376 29.63 28,653 13,595 47.44
90,666 43,418 47.89 1,149 418 36.38 10,249 9.168 47.63
103,041 46,189 44.44 9,179 7,414 80.78 22,660 10,845 47.80
138,787 53,418 38.49 50,202 42,103 83,87 23,892 10,814 45.20
216,043 87,049 40.29 42,455 39,033 91.94 27,186 10,855 39.96
1930..................
247,068 90,675 36.66 77,292 43,589 50.40 35,114 14,146 40.28
1937 .............
310,156 100,775 34.43 74,973 46,093 01.48 44,052 17,155 38.94
1938 .............
147,657 51,058 34.58 69,400 34,498 68.02 24.288 0,439 38.87
1939 .............
173,808 66,418 32.46 59,076 34,206 57.90 27,284 9,841 36.07
1 Laces, embroideries, etc., of cotton, flax, wool, silk, and rayon are included in Schedule 16, beginning
1914.

520 FOREIGN COMMERCE
No. S 7 4 - — Im p o rted D u t ia b l e M e r c h a n d is e E n t e r e d f o r C on su m p tio n —
V a lu e s , C a lc u la t e d D u t ie s , a n d A v e r a g e R a t e o f D u t y , b y T a r if f
S c h e d u le s: 1914 t o 1939— Continued
[All figures except percentages in thousands ol dollars)
YEAR
Schedulo 10.—Flax,
hemp, and Jute, and
manufactures o f*
Schedule 1 1 .—Wool,
and manufactures o f1
Values
Duties
i 7 alues Duties
Percent
Percent
Schedule 12.—Silks and
manufactures of 1 *
Values Duties Percent
1914 ..................................... SO, 471 19,013 35.20 39,265 16,957 43.19 31,010 15,377 16.17
1915........................................... 30,051 8,795 29.27 30,438 9,912 32.56 23,098 9,810 12.17
ifllfl ........................... 30,944 8,619 27.85 18,353 0,129 33.39 28,305 11,928 12.14
29,130 8,209 28.19 21,184 7,081 33.43 35,124 14,055 41.72
1Q18 ..................................... 26,587 7,200 27.08 27,048 8,966 3 3 .1 1 24,474 10,067 41.13
10,873 2,682 24.67 9,827 2,962 30.14 10,749 4,308 40.07
1919 ..................................... 27,187 6,553 24,10 18,128 5,695 31.42 49,684 20,276 40.81
ig20........................................... 52,920 13,362 25. 25 49,800 16,720 3 3 .5 7 55,793 21,773 39.02
1Q21........................................... 36,828 10,118 27.47 52,410 18,3Q7 34.93 45,055 18,576 41.2a
1922........................................... 63,505 15,999 25.19 79,956 48,225 60.31 30,853 16. 622 45,35
1923........................................... 121,126 24,632 20.34 102,016 91,466 SO. 45 40, 794 21,692 63.18
1924„ 117,216 26,121 22. 28 123,904 62,682 50.51 33, 234 17,629 53.06
iflitf ............................ 143,723 25,684 17.87 162,458 71,019 43.71 40, 304 21,388 63.07
145,168 26,737 18. 42 148,187 73,965 49.91 44,138 24. 074 64.54
1Q27...... ........................... ......... 126,624 26,525 2G, 96 127,707 67,219 82.01 51,293 28,816 56.18
1028 .................................. 135,769 25,088 18.48 n s, 181 57,172 49.64 48,739 27,810 67.06
1929....................................— _ 120,409 24,600 19.01 121,636 61,815 50.82 47,160 27,349 68,00
1930........................................... 95,570 20.571 21.52 70,357 40,877 58.10 23,073 13,418 58.10
1031........................................... 57,780 15,927 27.56 32,339 24,483 75.70 13, 395 7,936 59.24
1932........................................... 37,473 11,652 31.09 16,771 13, 270 84.14 4, 663 2,771 59.43
1033 ................................... 47,129 12,959 27.50 22,660 20, 539 go. 64 4,938 2,927 69.28
1034......................................... 53i 547 13,271 24.78 21,048 17,187 79.39 4, 450 2, 573 57. 82
1935......................................... 62,449 15,088 24.16 28,765 23, 458 81. 55 6,044 3, 669 58.88
1Q3Q.................................. 68,181 16,833 24.69 59,334 44,696 75.33 5,897 8,201 54.28
1937 ................ -............... 77,656 19i 02Q 24.50 82,660 51, 017 62.52 8,730 4,7S0 54.4.4
1938....................................... 49,402 12,092 24.48 27,418 18, 531 67. 59 6,185 3,328 53.79
1939.................................. 54,765 lOj 829 19.77 40, 271 33, 624 68.24 5,286 2,776 52.52
Schedule 13.—Rayon,
and other synthetic
textiles and manufactures
o f1
Schedule 14.—Papers
and books
Schedule 16.—Sundries!
1014......................................... 13,999 3,114 22.25 144, 688 48, 530 33.57
1915......................................... 9,386 i; 989 21.19 100; 817 37,159 36.86
1916................................ 8,491 1,258 19.38 123,485 39,498 31. Q8
1917.......................................... 8,036 1, G82 20. 92 134, 668 40,280 29.94
1918........................................... 0i 368 i; 185 18. 60 106,803 30,568 28.62
1918 (6 months)....... .......... 2,759 460 16. 67 44,035
12,653
1919........................................ 6,797 1,106 16.27 206,447 54,433 28.37
1920.......................................... 10,488 1,749 16.68 233,908 68,704 29.37
1921........................................ 8, 902 1,672 18. 78 166,192 54,222 32.82
1922...................................... 12, 800 2,776 21. 67 197,513 66,370 33.09
1923.................................... 19,217 4,667 24.29 226,319 Rfl R47 38.29
1924.......................................... 18,729 4,813 26.70 216,846 88,696 40.17
1925......................................... 18,682 4.416 23.60 217,279 83,288 38.33
1926....................................
21,483 5,241 24.42 229, 078 86,448 37.74
1927........................................
22,138 5.417 24.47 226,117 88,024 39.10
1928-,...........................
25,910 7,881 30.42 215,657 81,810 37.94
1929..................................
24,089
25.32
90, 500 37.66
1930.................................... 19,428 6,024 25.86 174,513 66,160 37.34
1931.................................. 3,854 2,377 61. 67 12,927
25,99 144,31Q
33.12
1932........................... 2,084 1,250
8,187 2,183 26. 66
38, 518 40.46
1933................................. 3 432 1,722 60.18 8,497
26.14
42,406 35.31
1934............................ i; 270 808 63.62 9,482 2,348 24.70 117,794 41,547 35.27
1935................................... 1,751 833 47. 57 11,119
24.12 32.63
1937............................. 1936............................. 5,230 2,199 42.04 13,206
3Q.41
7 499 3,240 43.21 15,113
29.13
1938........................... 6i04i 2,274 37.64
Z, 324 21.99
30. 75
1939........................... 10,210 3, 090 30.26 ll! 461
t Laces, embroideries, etc., of cotton, flax, wool, silk, and rayon are included in Schedule 15, beginning
fX"i,
* Schedules 12 and 13 prior to 1031,
nepartmont of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce through 1936: there-
Stata o(rthoUFmmcesl tInent:’ rlurfian of ^ ustolns>Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the
28,73

N o . 5 T 5 * — E x p o r t s o p U n i t e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939
m-OTb _Bp* eeneral note, t). 483. Figures for 1926-30 and 1931-35 are annual averages. For a number of items data are not shown separately for all years from 1926 to 1935, and averages
for 2 , 3 , and 4 years are shown. In such cases the detail I oes not add to the group totals which always cover 5 years. Blanks indicate no data or data not shown separately
GROUP AND ARTICLE
quantity
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 13,11-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Total exports of domestic merchandise------------- 4, 6S7,7B8 1,98B, 914 2, 418, 969 3,298,929 3,057,169 3,193,343
Group 00.—Animals and animal products, edible
Total.......... _ ___________________________
233,340 31,072 58,156 62,440 69,269 75,
1,981 465 434 610 412 483
348
Cattle lor breeding_____________ _ .num ber.. 5,552 1,767 1,999 3,002 1,909 2,918 622 193 280 434 269 33
7,885 3,022 2,241 1,176 1,149 530 319 95 60 46 50 15
234
6 6
................do 32,936 5,974 15
2 0 2 303 1, 002 558 8 1 0
65
32 13
12,233 5,384 1 1 4 2 2,224 1,682 864 ISO 44 71
46
49
74
Poultryji ve__________ — ...........—____ 1 ,0 0 0 lb s.. 523 75
65 69 79 164 302
41
28,724
24, 670
31,732
425,0B6 216,499 135,860 128,700 156, 300 192,452 77, 988
25, 426 28,470
Beef and veal:
2,408 3,382 4,144 4,494 4, 738 6,214 503 537 677 775 788 1,049
725
599
6 6 8
13,876 11,045 8,220 5.463 7,199 7,360 1, 591 685 574
3,495 • 1,303
274
234
1,063 2,077 1,845 128 121
Pork:
Carcasses, fresh or frozen_______
533 152
15,278 2,594
j 9,2 5 5
Loins and other fresh pork.*.......... ................do___ 2,420
147
31,246
/ 370 49 19 23 } 1,332 3,655
................do___ 10,845
4,091
1 L, 966 1,728 444 699
135,289 69,833 42,163 39,860 52,216 57,879 28,478 9,676 8,811 8,291 9,863 10,273
Bacon (all cured sides and backs, except pickled)
1 ,0 0 0 lb s..
Cumberland and Wiltshire sides. ________do___
Other pork, pickled or salted___ _______ d o ....
_______ do___
119,990
10,653
33,427
1,044
3,807
16,418
2 ,3 2 3
19.862
915
14.863
463
2,253
13,837
1,655
4,095
467
10,520
482
1,140
13,348
2,029
2,953
45
9,009
557
1,261
13,752
2,709
9,662
1,681
14,082
493
1 ,2 2 1
1,219 1,146
206 795
1,426 1,283
87 77
265 266
5>752 3,994 3,994 4,079 4. 610 4,478
10,590 19,231 1,970 707 583
5,770 2,038 206 72 8
14,972 4,860 1,195 1,196 1,143
486 230 81 90 1 0 0
1,243 1,115 449 251 282
13,679 14,619
...............do___ 2,051 !, 588 838 507 626 880 670
3,248 3,033
Pnrtr ................do___ 8 ,8 6 5 10,197 7,937 7,127 8,737 9,086 3,313 3,040 2 ,6 6 6 2,457
378 523
................do___ 2,634 1,048 1,217 1,446 1,338 1,844 817 243 328 412
2,596 937 2,166 2,471 1, 553 2 ,1 0 0 785 383 330 314
3,318 2,092 1,416 1,631 1,700 2,583 1,015 451 345 393 407 514
Kidneys, fresh, frozen, or cured......................do-----
I 8,940 6,931
1 ,2 0 1 702
^ 11,383 1 2, 060
tivers, fresh, frozen, or cored_____________ do-----
2,448 1.877
335 237
} 1.407 1 ,2 4 6
Tongues, fresh, frozen, or cured............. .........do-----
4 ,7 1 3
39,157 29,105
3,667 4,768 4,862
4,260 2,513 772 600 736 773
Sausage ingredients, salted or otherwise cured
1 ,0 0 0 lb s..
2 ,1 1 7 1,219. 1,791 2,550
206 107 150
181
Other meats, n. e. s_________ ____ ________do-----
1,575 1,834 1,754 1,482
\ I 213 264 225 176
1 Indudes goats for 1933,1934, and 1935.
O
g
a
o
t=J
Sd
o a
Or
to

N o. 5 7 5 .— E xports op United States M erchandise, by Commodity Groups and Ar t ic les: 1926 to 1939— Continued
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS
Or
t o
t o
GROUP AND ARTICLE
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938
G r o u p 00.— A n i m a l s , e t c ., e d i b l e — C o n t i n u e d
Meat products—Continued.
Sausage casings:
Hog casings______________________1,000 lbs..
Beef casings................................................ do----
Other casings________________________do-----
Animal oils and fats, edible_______________ do___
Oleo oil______________________________ do-----
Oleo stock____________________________do-----
Tallow__________ _____________________do___
Lard, including neutral lard:
Lard__________________ 1___________ do___
Neutral lard-------------------------------------do-----
Oleo stearin........ ........................................... do—
Oleomargarine of animal or vegetable fats...do___
Dairy products________________________________
Milk and cream:
Fresh and sterilized_______________1,000 gals__
Condensed (sweetened)____________1,000 lbs..
Evaporated (unsweetened)-------- ----------do—
Dried whole milk.........................................do-----
Dried skimmed m ilk ...................—.........-do—
Batter_______________________________ do—
Cheese------------------------------- --------------- do-----
Infants’ foods, malted milk, etc.................—do—
Fish--------------------- -----------------------------------------
Fresh:
Salmon__________________________ 1,000 lbs__
Other______________________________ do-----
Shellfish, not canned:
Oysters, fresh in shell, shucked, frozen, or in
ice.___________________________ 1,000 lhs_.
Shrimp, fresh, frozen, or in ice....................d o ....
Shrimp, dried..................... -............do—
Other shellfish, fresh, frozen, in ice, or dried
1,000 lbs..
Fish, salted, pickled, or dry cored:
Salmon..........................................................do—
i 9 ,9 0 4 6 ,9 4 9 6 ,0 9 2 7 ,9 8 1 8 ,6 5 4 ) f 2 ,7 8 2 3 ,3 9 3 3 ,5 9 3 3 ,2 9 9 3 ,5 1 8
32, 632 ■{ 18,249 1 7 ,3 6 4 1 6 ,3 7 5 11, 219 6 ,3 9 1 I 6 ,5 7 8 1 1, 788 1 ,2 6 5 1, 356 8 49 566
[ 1 ,3 8 5 1 ,2 1 0 1 ,3 7 9 1 ,3 4 2 1, 645 I [ 406 625 741 880
835,2 6 2 4 9 6 ,2 5 5 126, 885 1 4 6 ,1 7 6 2 1 3 ,5 1 3 2 8 8 ,3 2 5 109,210 3 4 ,4 2 7 1 5 ,0 6 9 1 7 ,2 4 2 1 9 .0 9 9 2 1 ,2 2 9
72', 631 30, 696 9; 131 5, 711 5, 360 5 ,4 6 6 8 ,6 0 7 2, 014 943 702 476
9, 346 6, 598 3 ,6 1 6 2 ,6 5 6 2 ,8 7 4 4 ,8 9 4 1 ,0 5 9 442 347 324 201 469
5; 977 3, 980 709 267 260 276 507 200 58 33 19
722, 360 444, 327 111, 292 1 35,950
f 9 5 ,6 6 0 3 1 ,0 0 4 1 3 ,4 9 4 1 5 .9 8 7
I 204, 603 2 7 7 ,2 7 2
} 1 8 ,2 9 5 2 0 ,2 2 2
1 8 ,8 6 7 5 ,0 6 1 877 828
\ 2 ,6 7 1 405 112 116
5^183 5 ,2 3 3 . 1 ,1 5 3 601 181 153 565 3Z9 101 60 13 13
'9 0 0 361 108 163 235 264 141 43 14 22 26 28
1 7 ,4 4 7 6 ,1 6 8 4 ,1 1 4 5 ,1 4 1 6, 084 7,1 3 6
124 65 67 64 42 48 77 4 8 51 53 37 43
3 6 ,6 6 9 9, 729 2 ,3 7 0 7 ,9 7 2 5 ,4 2 7 2 ,2 6 9 5 ,7 9 1 1 ,4 5 7 278 972 634 253
7 0 ,0 8 6 39, 524 2 3 ,5 6 1 2 2 ,8 7 4 2 3 ,6 9 8 2 7 ,4 9 7 7 ,0 7 5 2, 720 1 ,7 4 4 1 ,6 5 9 1, 634 1 ,8 2 5
/ 1 ,7 9 8 2 ,1 2 6 3, 819 6 ,2 6 0
4 ,3 1 4 4 ,9 3 2
I 1, 927 2 ,1 1 6 6 ,3 7 2 2 ,0 9 7
} 1 ,1 1 4 809 ; 595 7 16 1 ,3 6 4 2 ,2 8 5
1 159 155 380
136
4 ,0 8 0 1 ,3 9 2 826 800 1 ,9 5 9 2 ,3 0 8 1 ,8 7 7 374 267 293 572 600
2, 904 1 ,3 7 8 1 ,1 3 6 1 ,1 5 6 1 ,4 8 1 1 ,4 8 0 836 278 267 279 310 314
2 ,3 8 9 1 ,6 7 1 2 ,4 3 8 3 ,2 2 7 3 ,6 7 6 4 ,6 2 4 677 463 754 1 ,0 1 3 1 ,1 5 3 1 ,6 2 0
19,9 4 1 1 0 ,25S 1 2 ,2 6 3 13, 729 13, 798 13, 581
3 ,3 0 5 5 ,2 1 9 5 ,3 2 6 3 ,3 9 4 6, 345 4 ,4 0 7 523 542 524 457 707 451
4 ,6 6 4 3 ,2 6 3 1 ,3 7 8 1 ,2 1 7 1 ,5 8 7 1, 651 444 246 143 130 140 144
7 ,3 2 3 8 ,5 8 5
5,6 5 5 6 ,2 5 6 5 ,3 2 3 4 ,0 5 2 375 424 374 319
2 ,0 8 4 2 ,7 1 5 382 381
245 346 55
48
1 ,0 9 4 830
1 ,4 9 4 1 ,4 6 0 1 ,7 1 0 1 ,4 5 7
258 275 304
245
229 27 29
4,869 3 ,0 2 2 1,996 2,233 2 ,1 6 2 1 .4 7 2 1 ,1 7 3 428 348 387 449 302
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Cod, haddock, hake, pollock, cask..........—do___ 1
Otherlh..........................................................do___ /
Fish, canned—
Salmon____________________________ do___
Sardines___________________________ do___
Shellfish:
Shrimp___________ _____________ __ do___
Other—..................... ..................... ........do___
Other fish and fish products................ ..........do___
Other edible animal products___________________
Eggs, in the shelL................ —1,000 doz__
Meat extracts and bouillon cubes...........1,000 lbs__
Gelatin______________________________ do___
Other edible animal products, n. e.s____________
10,052 i* 3,656 / \ 628 3 079.
1, 715
9 711
Group 0.—Animals and animal products,
INEDIBLE
•
Total___________________________________
Hides and skins, raw, except furs_______ 1,000 lbs__
Cattle hides................
do___
Calf and kip skins________
do___
Sheep and goat skins.—............................... do.10..
Other hides and skins (including flesh and pickled
splits)___________________________ 1,000 lbs. -
leather______________________________________
Upper leather (except lining and patent):
Cattle, side upper:
Grain________________________ 1,000 sq. ft_.
Black___________________________ do----
Other__________________________ —do__
Finished splits.___ _________________do-----
Wax and rough splits____________ 1,000 lbs..
Calf and kip____________________ 1,000 sq. ft..
Black................. .....d o -----
O ther3____________________________ do----
Sheep and lamb____________ ______ — do-----
Goat and kid upper leather (including glazed
kid)______
1,000 sq. ft_.
Black________________________ -do----
Other___________________
do-----
Horse and w it._______________________do----
Other upper leather n .e .s -------------- do-----
ia includes “Fish, smoked or kippered” which is with “ Other fish and fish products” beginning 1936.
it Included in “ Other fish and fish products” in 1938.
1,000 pieces beginning 1939.
3 Includes suede calf and kip in 1931 and 1932.
1, 656 1,886
1,756
} ■■ 878 la 228
r 62
t 139
120
118
117 130
75
40,193 35, 550 38,893 37,979 48,291 40, 766 7,003 4,902 6,404 6, 655 7,269 6,521
91,625 36,827 42,689 51, 998 40,812 56,813 7,205 2,207 2, 531 3,462 2,786 3,870
4,135 3, 474 I* 5,082 4, 563 5,083 5,939 } 857 553
f 818 911 m 927
I 1,085 967 1,518 945 \ 174 170 250 148
8, 270 3,738 1, 649 1, 632 3,159 3,450 764 322 216 246 353 400
6,772 1,029 850 1,047 1,397 1,432
21,237 3,122 2,098 2,376 2,092 2,697 6,139 727 587 652 621 695
177 105 75 71 55 49 370 168 137 131 103 89
273 205 241 279 315 361 187 119 110 128 139 192
76 16 17 136 535 456
119,117 47,002 50,295 53,894 42,801 43, 598
51,646 39,976 31,715 36,618 44,815 9,022 3,162 8,686 6, 230 4,751 4, 224
31,028 24,831 12,294 23, 211 32, 692 27,812 4,695 1,687 1,207 3,431 3,317 3,016
10,319 7,644 7,435 5,529 3, 739 1,813 2,361 825 1,120 1,189 584 381
1,925 2,044 2,387 % 323 1,644 *«I,230 561 229 458 669 312 376
8,374 5,457 9,599 7,556 6,740 5,309 1,406 422 901 941 538 431
47,481 17,120 16,394 17,335 12,060 13,042
12,692 6,936 6,398 7,750 6,263 7,047 3,476 1,208 1,076 1,444 1,028 1,336
2, 504 1,821 2,488 3,060 1,455 1,836 654 268 381 500 221 346
10,188 5,115 3,910 4,691 4,808 5,211 2,821 940 695 944 808 990
3,912 1,983 1,797 1,472 1,483 2,117 623 190 246 241 177 250
2,911 603 749 627 505 242 1,278 188 130 137 72 53
25,593 8,402 8,461 9,147 7,663 9,054 8,794 1,796 1,937 2,411 1,727 2,270
5,192 2,989 3,237 3,184 2,420 3,333 1,831 608 715 804 525 804
20,400 5,413 5,224 5,964 5,243 5,721 6,962 1,189 1,222 1,607 1,203 1,465
7,769 5,498 4,845 4,775 3,039 2,819 1,005 413 537 592 306 313
46,984 25,185 28, 096 22,248 17,865 18, 775 13,787 5, 694 6,782 5, 796 3, 932 4,231
20,243 11,313 11,560 10,649 7,953 8,307 5,697 2,561 2,887 2,870 1,693 1,879
26, 741 13,871 16,535 11,599 9,912 10,467 8,090 3,133 3,896 2,926 2, 239 2,352
522 302 207 207 126 130 150 69 74 94 34 35
2,171 1,003 958 1, 296 1, 402 967 627 211 219 306 255 197
FOREIGN COMMERCE
O i
t o
CO

N o . 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o p U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
Q U A N T I T Y
V A L U E I N T H O U S A N D S O F D O L L A R S
GROUP AND ARTICLE
1931-1935
1936
1937
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Group 0.—Animals, etc., inedible—Continued
leather—Continued.
Patent upper leather:
Patent side upper leather________ 1,000 sq. ft.-,
Goat and kid------------------------------------do.
Horse and colt................. ...... ........... _........do.
Other...........—_________ _____________ do___
Lining leather..............—_______________ do.
Sole leather:
Bends, backs, sides________________1,000 lbs._
Other (including offal).............
do...
Soles and other cut stock-------------------------------
Glove and garment leather:
Sheep and lamb................ ................ 1,000 sq. ft.
Pig and hog------------- --------- --------------d o ...
Other glove and garment leather_______ do—
Other leather:
Upholstery and automobile_______1,000 sq. ft..
Case, bag, and strap.................................. do...
Reptilian and aquatic leather_______ 1,000 lbs.
Belting leather........................................... do...
Sole and belting leather offal..___ _____ do...
Other leather and tanned skins_____________
Leather manufactures_________________________
Leather footwear:
Boots and shoes, including athletic and sporting
boots and shoes........................ 1,000 pjs.
Athletic and sporting bools and shoes 4_do._.
Men's and boys’___________________ do...
Women's and misses'_______________ do___
Children’s and infants'......................... ..do___
Slippers (all leather)....... ............................ do—
Footwear with leather soles, and uppers of materials
other than leather___________ 1,000 pairs..
Discontinued models, old styles, and second-hand
shoes__________________ _________________
Leather gloves and mittens..................... doz. prs_.
Harness and saddles-------------------- -----------------
Luggage and related articles________ thousands.
Women’s and children's handbags, pocketbooks,
and purses___________________ thousands..
Leather____________________ ________do----
Other materials...........................................do.
Card cases, change purses, brief cases, wallets,
etc........................................... ..thousands..
27,243
2,468
918
1,007
3,687
5,722
1,022
5,090
2,535
488
3 201
4,655
66
1,989
1,805
795
375
25,796
486
317
864
2,756
259
2,260
1, 259
238
140
1,053
24
346
540
143
214
13, 558
412
1,170
327
506
617
3,338
1,213
486
41
113
2,200
1, 305
13
332
814
146
112
171
17,009 12,089 8,926
10
36
1,974
13,574
322
228
948
410
537
641
1,737
2,001
1,549
406
76
70
1, 651
1,451
20
447
823
162
82
244
50
2,328
10,6S9
93
182
2,203
301
448
1, 446
1,481
2,525
1, 357
262
70
38
1, 824
1, 759
470
1,097
192
72
478
11,139
---
2,807
304
2,503
6,243
107
232
2,257
916
462
1,759
1,314
1,828
952
207
20
54
1, 035
2,492
937
1,308
247
105
469
10,831
” ""179”
3, 281
269
3,013
387*
8, 600 4,329 2, 398 2,766 1,786 1, 221
1,118 167 112 99 22 33
] 65 56 47 36 53
138 142 201 206
r 353
i 321
1,550 242 113 164 109 356
1,178 324 77 107 77 106
314 128 169 255 184 230
165 33 78 92 156 237
| 936 613 819
f
\
663
329
492
237
399
311
488 199 223 246 201 172
147 60 136 126 77 64
31,005
498 138 254 220 78
)
( 76 62 37 51
> 2,370 693 \ 201 167 173 120
1 660 796 521 720
16, 93d 4,338 6, 636 7, 965 8, 651 10, 268
11,105 2,147 3,190 3,442 4,003 4,960
106 35 28 40
5, 810 823 823 1,030 1,105 1,967
4,332 1,151 2,197 2,215 2,708 2,771
857 137 142 158 191 222
1 f 83 67 62 97
V 387 146
1 120 183 326 289
294 468
160 61 73 96 82 88
308 41 36 58 33 32
185 43 109 155 163 229
) ( 1,142 1,456 1,708 1, 834
445 393
[ 450 309 | _______ 1, 263 1,441
I 126 100 102
110

Leather belting, new________________ 1,000 lbs
Leather welting_____ _____— ........-....................
Leather belts________ — .......................
Leather wearing apparel (except footwear, leggings,
and puttees)..------------------- ---------------
Other leather manufactures___________________
Fora and manufactures-------------------------------------
Undressed______________________ 1,000 pieces..
Fox________________________________ do___
M uskrat.___________________________do-----
Raccoon___________________________ do-----
Skunk and civet cat__________________do-----
Opossum___________________________ do-----
Mink__________________
Other undressed furs_________________ do___ I
Dressed on the skin:
Fox, silver and black4*_______________ do-----
Muskrat________ ___________________ do----
Fur-seal____________________________do--------
Other dressed or dyed furs......................do—
Fur wearing apparel (except fur-felt hats) number..
Fur waste, pieces, and damaged skins__________
Other fur manufactures______________________
Animal oils and greases, inedible_______ 1,000 lbs. _
Neat’s-foot oil_________________________do-----
Other inedible animal oils_______________do-----
Fish oils_____________________________ do-----
Grease stearin_________________________do-----
Oleic acid, or red oil____________________ do--..
Stearic acid___________________________ do-----
Tallow, inedible_______________________do___
Other animal greases and fats____________do___
Other inedible animals and animal products_______
Animals___________________________________
Horses for breeding________________ number. _
Other horses____________________
Mules, asses, burros__________________ do___
Fur animals________________________ do___
Other live animals_________________________
Feathers, crude, not dressed__________1,000 lbs..
Feathers, dressed, and manufactures of_________
Glim of animal origin____________ 1,000 lb s„
Sponges______________________________do___
Other animal products, inedible_______________
1,204
16,835
107
4,117
57
2,627
5,194
4,733 do--1
27
59
‘"I~945‘
5,302
78,336
1,295
916
1,049
2,438
2,931
1,491
68,215
569
do________ 10,746
16,994
39,484
559
17,013
141
6,433
49
2,078
5,211
3,100
7
66
56
1,072
2,489
64,827
988
2,044
3,801
1,587
1,376
487
54,544
137
2,153
2,786
1,538
483
11,876
173
3,391
81
2,311
3,959
214
1,747
11
39
4
922
7,557
20, 347
707
880
2,154
1,348
511
485
2,813
11,449
194
3,021
1,901
505
699
10,441
132
2,521
69
1,921
3,767
168
1,862
6
108
3
459
8,882
907
771
1,949
384
182
391
883
3,415
188
1,816
1,850
1,056
556
11, 033
157
6,005
177
950
2,150
273
1,320
1
86
5
253
4,035
7,775
845
505
2,677
891
194
294
469
1,899
172
841
3,766
7,353 6,791 6,855 8,237 5,072
2,449
110
963
75
1,197
54
1,121
55
966
578
11,875
53
6, 562
323
780
2,589
154
1,415
1
19
1
211
3,709
25, 574
615
15,428
2,279
544
1,129
1,252
2,042
2, 285
154
676
2,544
6,920
‘L429’
1,854 706 633
158
2,487 885 \ 198
768
31, 347 17,194 19,139
25,819 14,439 15, 315
2,044 1,957 1, 583
4,150 3,329 3, 585
363 191 266
5, 570 2,324 3,051
6,038 3,226 2,123
7,654 3,412 / \ 2,622
2,086
576 130 120
63 27 26
5 85 117
3,005 1,059 1,193
194 56 111
1,345 1,221 1,961
344 212 296
6,995 2,740 1, 562
217 123 98
94 110 82
134 180 328
233 90 75
263 78 39
176 44 48
5,878 2,114
\ f 729
164
7,336 2,447 2, 879
3, 770 1,011 1,228
248 75 118
816 305 530
1,908 396 246
3634 20 8
671 215 327
698 333 293
177 72 75
421 170 205
159 80 66
2,110 780 1,012
956 749 751
206 146 241
232 388 472
52
964
51
543
89
608
17,873 14, ISO 11,259
13, 604 - 11,360 9,391
1, 106 971 380
2,834 4,038 4, 576
249 29S 391
3, 059 1,050 776
2,116 920 683
1, 748 2,038 1,175
2,491 2,044 1,410
98 39 21
92 47 19
68 93 31
1,155 697 490
129 108 128
2,496 1, 630 1,000
232 157 179
951 652 2, 073
135 114 92
87 45 1,118
304 216 266
30 60 36
20 18 97
47 31 150
66 34 135
260 135 180
3,540 2,556 2, 732
1,313 1,222 1,193
151 81 83
394 405 202
380 346 495
48
341
} 390 413
485 248 297
135 89 149
211 181 262
} 816 830
31930 only. 4 “Athletic shoes, sandals, overgaiters, leggings, puttees, and other leather footwear’’ prior to 1936; beginning January 1938, athletic and sporting boots and shoes distributed
among various types of leather bocts and shoes.
Includes “ Other fox” prior to 1938; beginning 193S “Other fox” is included in “Other dressed furs. s Average for years 1933-35. t o Cn
73
1,324
FOREIGN COMMERCE

No. 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o f U n i t e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d i s e , b t C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1 9 3 6 to 1 9 3 9 — Continued
GROUP AND ARTICLE
G r o u p l .— V e g e t a b l e f o o d p r o d u c t s a n d b e v ­
e r a g e s
Total..................... .................. .............................
Grains and preparations_____________________ ___
Barley:
G rain-__________ -...............1,000 bus. of 48 lbs.
M a lt........................................ 1,000 bus. of 34 lbs.
Buckw heat________________ 1,000 bus. of 48 lbs.
Com:
Grain____________________1,000 bus. of 56 lbs.
M eal7......
1,000 bbls. of 196 lbs.
H om iny and com grits....................... 1,000 lbs.
Kafir and m ilo_____________ 1,000 bus. of 56 lbs.
Com cereal foods, ready to eat________ 1,000 lbs.
Oats:
Grain...................... 1,000 bus. of 32 lbs.
Oatmeal, groats, and rolled oats:
In bulk (sacks or bags)........................ l,000 lbs_.
I d packages (cases or cartons)_________ do—
Rice:
Paddy or rough rice............ .......................... do___
M illed rice, including brown____________do___
Screenings, flour, meal, and broken rice__ do___
Rye, grain___________ 1,000 bus. of 56 lbs..
IVheat*
G rain .—_________________1,000 bus. of 60 lbs..
QUANTITY
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1939 1937 1938 1939
519,974 171,057 143, 504 219,465 363,134 236,662
319,282
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS
55,391 29,556 94,I4S 223,499 99, 550
28,527 6,998 7,377 11,473 16,130 5,410 24,383 3,883 4,646 8,467 9,136 3,345
2,982 272 54 198 136 375 3,074 264 64 368 205 450
186 148 w 360 77 346 195 91 1 265 58 229
20,481 3,823 524 5,834 147,505 3 2 ,1 1 7 19,537 1,973 552 3,885 94,497 19,802
330 140 87 76 109 136 1,611 489 363 357 383 467
17,078 10,165 10,301 9,674 15,445 14,872 353 164 227 287 264 254
■1,365 1,857 2 88 675 2 8 1,187 826 2 90 378 2
7,279 1,670 2,091 2,116 1,871 2,794 559 188 257 270 211 316
8,032 1,658 517 6,728 8,517 226 4,066 404 179 2,372 2,726 108
} 82,298 f 8,292 1,048 2,304 3,731 3,121 } 4,277
f 168 35 75 109 98
i 14,806 12,556 14,657 15,547 16,896 \ 1,263 1,226 1,446 1,471 1,549
| 226,777 155,676 f 4,362 12,373 20,978 16,081 ( \ 8,962 4,330
88 297 421 272
1 19,036 196,002 297, 725 291,705 { 644 6,133 7,830 8,883
63,430 27,617 88 449 6,676 1,479 1,791 328 3 15 127 33
13,216 254 6 4,262 3,347 86 14,637 128 4 3,750 2,299 71
116,155 32,075 1,879 34,848 86,902 63,214 152,145 19,537 1.851 38,711 78,087 36,315
H o u r wholly of domestic
w heat................ — 1,000 bbls. of 196 lbs., 1 12,650 5,375 1 f 2,682
978 2,270 3,703 5,693
2,183 1,511 2,054
} 78,502 19,700
f 4,534 11,927 15,731 16,950
Other w heat flour_____________________ do___
i 12,965 13,339 7,418 7,624
Biscuits and crackers........ ................... 1,000 lb s.. 11,238 3,921 4,395 4,940 5,630 6,150 1,974 653 824 973 £072 1,074
M acaroni, spaghetti, noodles, vermicelli, and alim
entary paste_______________ .1,000 lbs.. 9,236 2,729 1,946 3,048 3,130 4,423 791 203 159 256 240 307
W heat cereal foods, ready to eat__________ do___
f 619 721 600 602 626 } 325 f 79 92 77
>
79 87
3 ,363
W heat cereal foods, to b e cooked—.............._do___
1 774 856 783 969 1,048 1 82 80 81 95 103
Cereal foods, n. e. s .________ ____________ do___ 3,024 2,355 2,419 1,778 1,456 1,414 355 208 252 231 209 239
W heat semolina_________________________do___
»1,307 3,140 2,291 2,686 3,979 } 1,030 / » 31 78 76 72 161
Other grains and preparations__________________
\ 423 431 395 382 372
Fodders and feeds___ ._______________________
H ay________
tons.
Oil cake and oil-cake m eal-----tons of 2,240 lb s.
26,656 9,412 7,432 12,980 11,953 10,471
11,625 2,873 2,161 41,435 61, 297 2, 800 256 57 39 389 537 60
535,408 294,657 237,886 379, 765 328, 676 301,648 24, 392 7, 613 6,324 11,456 9,561 9,021
526 FOREIGN COMMERCE

Cottonseed c a k e ......_________________do----
Linseed cake_________________________do—
Other oil cake________________________ do----
Cottonseed meal______________________do----
Linseed meal________________________ do----
Soybean oil-cake meal--------------------------do----
Other oil-cake meal______ : ----------------- do-----
Pish meal for feed______________________ do----
Mixed dairy and poultry feeds--------------- -do-----
Oyster shells___________________________do----
Other prepared and mixed feeds----------------do----
Other feeds, bran, middlings, etc---------------do—
Vegetables and preparations-------------------------------
Beans, dried!______________________ 1,000 lbs_.
Peas, dried____________________________ do----
Vegetables, fresh.
Potatoes, white..
Onions________
Peas, green...__
Beans_________
Tomatoes..
Other fresh vegetables..
Vegetables, canned_____
Asparagus.,
__________1,000 lbs
_____________ do___
_____________ do__
_____________ do___
_____________ do___
...1,000 lbs.
_do_._
Baked beans and pork and beans_______do.
Com____ ______ ____________________ do.
Peas_______________________________ do.
Soups______________________________ do.
Tomatoes___________________________do.
Tomato paste and puree----------------------do.
Tomato juice____________ . . __________do
Other canned vegetables and juices_____do-----
Pickles______________________ ________ do...
Ketchup and other tomato sauces________ do...
Mayonnaise and salad dressings-------------- do...
Other sauces and relishes—........................... do...
V in e g a r_ ___________________ 1,000 gals.
Yeast_____________________________ 1,000 lbs__
Other vegetable preparations_________________
Fruits and nuts_______________________________
Fruits and preparations----------------------------------
Subtropical fruits__________________________
Grapefruit___________________ 1,000 boxes..
Lemons___________________________ do—
Oranges ......... ....................- — —do—
Pineapples_______________ boxes..
Other fresh fruits— .......... —
Apples in boxes......................— 1,000 boxes..
Apples in baskets___________ 1,000 baskets ..
Apples in barrels_______________1,000 bbls..
175,447
253,870
14,053
81,835
7,950
2,253
10 7,120
w 46,151
24,010
26, 708
23,880
8,520
140,940
31,464
80,959
16,639
12,436
6.360
6,444
24,524
5,503
9,054
3.361
8,898
3,152
279
3,588
744
265
3,336
50,862
8,102
1"502
63.983
173,291
20,695
21,288
9,227
6,174
12,419
4,470
51,258
3, 067
24.983
8,602
3,196
68,028
25,501
33,634
15,527
4,757
2,077
3,144
2,494
2,939
2,695
1,410
3,297
1,720
239
3,084
X, 056
283
4,032
29,092
8,348
ii490
1,587
•Less than 500. 1 Includes com flour prior to July 1,1927.
Includes babassu cake, if any. 19 Average for years 1929 and 1930.
1,983
177,253
17,830
4,127
10,5r ‘
26,099
4,431
3,245
58,961
2,018
9,018
6,446
6,068
77,646
44,798
2,199
5,136
15,147
36, 611
16,096
5,144
2,223
3,220
2,677
2,470
4,781
2,206
3,146
2,158
241
3,714
977
638
4, 241
27,103
5,974
467
819
31,291 27,077 894 7,513
287,651 195,336 224, 696 12,465
1,314 16,416 6,149 515
17,100 20,160 6,086 3,410
19,086 9,003 10, 870 385
23,323 60,684 / \ 46,457
6,596 | 103
1,051 1,431 335
4,129 10,333 10,859 10 344
53,320 36,280 48,539 io 470
4,410 12, Si6 3,246 930
9,999 25,491 .17,220 751
22,057
5,486 10,844 49, 782 1,394
10,032 12,895 18,637 587
8.884
109,347 124,953 161,196 % 956
40,038 53,970 51,858 744
2,511 2,363 3,283 i
4,393 6,819 5,783 I 5,184
16,253 22,179 24,405
49,009 40, 599 56,554 7,820
16,402 11,839 11,820 2,533
5,837 5, 506 10,245 979
2,594 2,339 2,855 484
4,525 4,670 5,302 566
2,907 3,100 10,296 2,316
2,017 1,877 2 , 836 363
7,256 3,865 3.848 1
3,425 3,141 3,337 V 579
4,046 4,362 6,014 1
2,510 2,074 2,117 309
4,191 4,087 4,523 1,209
2,487 2,834 / 851
\ 2,558 } 670
262 358 287 151
3,974 4,208 4,318 664
367
122,234
120,781
18,899
670 1,343 i.u jT 1 3, 060
242 798 792 1,342
2,477 8,069 6, 297 14,135
30,962 25,658 29,267 162
40,200
5,427 8,039 5,555 17,418
399 887 1,077
692 945 582 12,408
8Average for years 1928-30.
11 Average for years 1932-35.
1,324
4,990
413
448
297
142
523
173
385
184
476
9,571
335
167
4,242
821
425
2,996
3,232
1,892
253
155
259
274
175
224
156
306
313
86
533
201
84, 798
83,228
13, 490
2,572
1,064
9,776
78
26,498
11,843
n 884
6,640
48 845
4,704 8,592
405 39
134 515
376 713
658 752
183 43
145 177
374 351
124 217
243 288
12,221 IS, 976
253 266
215 364
6,121 6,710
1,488 1,410
730 781
106 125
253 241
539 638
3,005 3,516
3,674 4,571
2,179 2,389
278 308
167 199
250 342
266 284
170 127
f 313
364 | 245
I 364
243 271
329 396
38S 464
77 83
645 635
277 214
80,807 82,164
78,531 80,008
16,384 11, 246
2,221 1, 563
2,770 1, 263
11,323 8,347
70 73
22,482 22,222
8,848 8,096
837 687
3,409 2,782
• 1935 only
728
5,872
403
600
381
1.577 [
65
375
244
492
679
13,312
420
385
6,931
1,465
126
305
621
3, 319
3,616
1,671
242
174
345
302
119
187
186
391
£83
370
480
591
250
99,061
96,119
20,085
2,027
2,341
15,658
60
26,867
9,978
1,594'
3,132
26
6,807
149
193
399
1,270
•a 178
16
420
313
218
424
17,243
1,988
839
7,774
2,252
723
135
298
858
3, 508
4, 465
1,609
425
199
368
764
148
248
194
510
201
388
155
381
75
608
369
83,216
80, 922
15,260
1,749
2,186
11, 265
69
18,344
7,458
1,455
1,679
FOREIGN COMMERCE
Of
t o
- 4

N o . 5 7 5 . — E x p o e t s o p U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 1.— V e g e t a b l e f o o d pr o d u c t s
F r u its a n d n u ts — C o n tin u e d .
F r u its a n d p r e p a r a tio n s — C o n tin u e d .
O th e r f r e s h f ru its — C o n tin u e d .
B e rrie s ...........................................................
e t c .— C o n .
..1 ,0 0 0 l b s . . 11,226
55, 082
D r ie d a n d e v a p o ra te d f r u i ts _________ „ 1 ,0 0 0 lb s .
D r i e d f r u its for s a la d s . ________ . . . d o . ,
d o .
A p r ic o ts ___________________________
P e a c h e s_____
..........d o ____
___ d o
______d o . .
7,053 5,920 7,396 6,654 9, 254 1,163 549 570 622
31, 573 45,134 69, 789 80,166 59,116 2,121 1,329 2,108 3,281
77,493 110,229 133,651 130,450 177,134 97,193 4,515 4,219 4,878 4,963
17,411 6,459 16,304 7,190 10, 769 9,520 666 202 451
322, 295 28,044 30,348 24.233 25,659 1 f 415
834 1,076 1,428 1,691 i 112
570
3,674
6,181
245
386
111
732
2,184
3,284
266
371
160
14,495 11,208 16,129 13,938 o«y 522
J [ 321 320 188 233
459, 929 412,359 337, 981 420,068 494,084 396, 046 S3,279 23,158 20,133 24,866 25, 591 21, 900
a 10, 044 14,134 8,473 12,873 17,099 17,903 722 824 633 752 970 1,033
w 5, 594 6,813 7, 211 6,200 8,432 6, 301 586 500 565 463 571 431
163,551 108,858 92,952 145,303 154,735 144,895 10,170 5,482 4,895 8,136 7,537 7,010
31, 7S1 33,483 22,126 25,084 25, 699 25,499 3, 563 2, 684 1,970 2,191 1, 855 1, 894
20, 860 30,420 25,795 28,249 36, 334 32,650 3, 345 3,260 3,287 3, 229 3, 790 3, 697
7,217 7,377 6,440 6,201 8, 696 5, 937 766 558 566 516 641 465
217, 528 . 206,015 167,393 189,151 235,388 157, 702 13,575 9,575 7,764 9,204 9,868 7,087
14, 747 5, 259 7,589 7,008 7,700 5,159 1,480 273 452 376 358 303
______ d o____ 267, 510 274, 820 258,086 268,465 826, 850 361,372 25, 554 19,640 18,953 21, 064 23,228 25, 061
19,516 29,368 32,183 38; 479 48,777 1,127 1,782 i;7 4 2 2, 457 2,660
L o g a n b e rrie s............................ - ............. . . d o ___
/ 5,050 3,827 960 4,212 3,968
f 390 283 84 340 308
} 13 9,810
j- « .1 , 054’
O th e r c a n n e d b e rrie s_____ ________ ______d o ____
\ 776 1,118 1,141 1, 376 1,201
I 87 131 131 139 112
A p p le s a n d a p p le sa u c e ----------------- ______d o ____ 17,651 16,234 13, 655 13,385 13, 519 17,128 986 677 638 623 596 742
.......... d o ____ 28,086 21,152 23,669 22,260 33, 670 38,187 2,682 1,474 1,728 1,721 2,251 2,523
1,880 1,022 1,905 2.106 5, 554 3,672 304 123 198 243 452 332
............d o ____ 80,501 75,423 68,706 59,543 86, 235 91,709 7,040 4,844 1,634 4,566 5,516 5,647
60,872 76,105 57,077 63,068 7 7 , 610 77,795 6,195 5,194 4,064 4,569 5,228 5,488
P in e a p p le s _________________________ 43,090 20,931 23,962 29,428 18,436 23,350 4,049 1,656 1,911 2,532 1,468 1,792
« 31,108 35,041 30, 405 37,890 42,269 47,970 4,620 3,759 3,207 4,247 4,286 4,869
15,138 3,572 4, 393 6,501 5,490 7,615 1, 608 308 378 604 495 589
P r e s e r v e d f ru its , jellies, a n d j a m s . . . ............d o ____ 2,064 734 1,239 1,143 961 1,191 390 120 188 197 160 181
............d o ____ 23,061 2,605 2,067 1,622 1,609 1,401 2,659 315 389 413 1S6 177
__ „ .d o _ _ 10,494 16,899 19,691 20,192 23,871 19,607 1,453 1,574 2,076 2,157 2,943 2,294
............d o ____ 4,464 2,243 256 407 619 750 383 96 25 44 62 73
1
f 1,806 2, 614 3,853 2,488 ] f 361 434 590 432
______d o . . .
12,670 10, 359 12, 829 8,146
1,244
L 6,031 14,456
[ 1,069 1,479
1, 045 1,684 921
A p r ic o t a n d p e a c h k e rn e ls ---------------- ______d o ____ f 5,379 5, 023 6,596
j j 4,859
[ j 446 [ 3 7 1
iS4iS 546
\ 1,434 1, 547 1, 527
i 262 263 ! 322
V e g e tab le o ils a n d fats, e d ib le ----------------- ______d o . __ 33, 933 21, 318 16, 565 18, 431 21, 692 54,416 4, 297 1,811 1,497 1, 977 1, 870 * 4,981

Coconut oil, edible__ .._________________ do___
Cottonseed oil, refined................. ................. do—
Soybean oil................................. ....................do___
Corn oil___________ . . . _____ __________do___
Cocoa butter__________________________do___
Cooking fate, other than lard____________ do___
Other edible vegetable oils and fats_______do___
Cocoa and coffee_________________________do___
Cocoa, powdered________ -_____________ do___
Chocolate, including sweetened__________ do___
Coffee, green___________ _______________do___
Coffee, roasted________________________ do___
Coffee extracts and substitutes__________ do___
Spices_______ ._______________ .__________ do___
Sugar and related products_______________________
Sugar, refined______________________1,000 lbs__
Molasses.._____ __________________ 1,000 gals..
Confectionery:
Chocolate candy__________________2,000 lbs..
Other candy________________________ do___ \
Confections, n. e. s___________________do____J
Chewing gum_________________________ do___
Honey________ -_______ !_____ do___
Glucose (com sirup)___________________ do___
Grape sugar (corn sugar)____ ________ ____do___
Sirup, including maple______________1,000 gals..
Beverages____________________________________
M alt extract and sirup_______________1,000 lbs__
M alt liquors «___ _____________________ gals__
Distilled liquors and wines13______ 1,000 pf. gals__
W hisky____________________________ do___
Mineral waters, natural and artificial___l,000 gals..
Fruit juices13....... ................ ..........................do___
Simps and flavors for beverages__________do___
Other beverages13_______ ______________ do___
G r o u p 2 . — V e g e t a b l e p r o d u c t s , i n e d i b l e , e x c e p t
FIBERS AND WOOD
Total___________________________________
1,581 3,690 1,777 2,270 10,128 1 104 1 221 149 1 138 l 672
11,876 8, 578 2,673 4,524 4,133 9,082 1,313 651 303 447 354 747
5,416 2,984 3,954 5,748 6> 412 12, 111 562 206 261 503 480 850
580 982 929 444 113 180 81 78 76 47 15 19
846 2,554 1,043 1,460 2, 647 13,586 265 319 186 310 335 1,923
12,349 3,099 1,623 1,723 2,255 3,237 1, 643 325 211 235 246 344
u 3, 588 1,541 2,753 2,755 3,863 6,093 12 542 128 239 286 303 425
19,091 10,637 14,760 16, 578 15,126 20,261 5,527 2,214 2,619 2,788 2,485 3,427
2,623 1, 791 3,251 4,518 4.260 4,352 365 214 291 396 355 400
936 752 1,255 1,109 1,265 1,324. 214 109 167 176 220 280
12,209 5,342 6,871 6,978 5,622 8,841 3,481 865 1,004 898 681 1,107
2,164 1,818 2,205 % 845 2,833 A 514 758 440 485 616 619 940
1,159 934 1,179 1,128 1,147 1,229 709 586 671 702 611 720
1, 850 1,080 1,383 1,478 1,089 1, 430 261 149 216 235 185 244
18,052 6, 570 6,796 7,670 7,864 13,206
214,102 160, 976 123,432 140,381 123, 654 249, 111 7,268 2,951 2,722 3,099 2,537 6,984
7,950 5,117 19,496 12,503 11,902 19,885 722 241 560 426 504 544
1,993 1,151 1. 601 1,728 2, 531 1,915 582 262 351 420 337 397
11,390 4,851 5,223
\ f 5,461 5,447 5, 872
886 674 1,146
} 1,939 662 764
/ 687 672 749
\ 221 210 265
3,826 2,169 2,816 3,182 2, 619 2,966 1,624 816 982 1,177 1,005 1,154
8, 585 3,718 1,127 2, 543 3,441 2,561 765 238 103 210 237 179
119,088 42,602 33,905 27,750 41, 815 49,481 4,065 1,141 927 892 1,134 1,354
6, 965 3,144 6,523 7,774 11,652 14i 508 245 118 281 364 557 617
2,829 581 284 380 407 2,378 842 141 106 175 171 964
1,610 1,139 2, 559 S, 592 3,404 4,324
3,4B8 1,151 1,135 1,200 996 2,296 390 117 104 109 93 164
656 833 742 709 430 521 466 446
191 19 87 25 70 212 207 734
6 33 40 221 30 139 139 610
201 77 73 90 92 98 179 64 58 77 74 71
i" 362 784
1 f 1,981 2,627 2, 952 3,813
401 509 558 612
| » 620 729 f 1,343
\ 437
487 228 119 249 143 90 706 204 116
Rubber and manufactures______________________
67,366 22,961 23,444 32,079 27,181 39, 355
Rubber, reclaim ed....__________ —1,000 lbs__ 20,507 10,827 15,866 29, 667 16, 584 28,246 1,598 484 720 1,435 890 1,426
Rubber, scrap...............................
....d o ______ 43,160 52,074 38,542 76,650 60,084 96, 791 2,089 980 717 1, 535 1,013 1,535
Rubber cements14______________ 1,000 gals..
227 348 465 603 196 333 481 749
Rubberized automobile cloth___________ 1,000 sq. yds.. 101,615 702 494 563 311 199 logli 316 231 256 150 103
Other rubberized piece goods and hospital sheeting
1,000 sq. yds.. 1,687 879 1,229 1,982 2,087 2,814 795 341 496 848 798 1,023
31930 only. « Average for years 1929 and 1930. 13 “Fruit juices” for 1926 to 1929 and “Wines,> and “Malt liquors” prior to 1936 are included with “ Other beverages."
81935 only. » Average for years 1927-30. 14 Included w ith “ Other cementing preparations” in Group 8, p. 567, prior to 1936.
290,407
163,181
205,941
1,813
685
176
218, 603
1,898
585
84
226,621
2,823
1,016
70
176, 201
FOREIGN COMMERCE
t o
CO

N o . 5 7 5 . — E x p o r t s o f U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1936-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Group 2.—V egetable products, inedible—Con.
Rubber and manufactures—Continued.
Eubber footwear:
Boots_________ _____ _____ __ 1,000 prs__ . 1,126 209 68 110 81 98 2,495 448 152 348 175 215
Shoes.— _______________ _ ____ do. 2,283 326 200 252 197 174 2,418 227 94 154 112 107
Canvas shoes with rubber soles _______ do___ 5,415 552 220 405 469 627 3,716 318 126 245 327 422
Eubber soles ____ ________ .1,000 doz. prs . } »1,473
/ 39 28 44 34 48 f 85 51 87 63 102
Eubber heels.. . __________ ___ ...d o ... I 460 454 530 393 459 } 1,496 I 266 270 31S 217 256
non lbs «307 423 612 461 873 858 79 116 84 164
Eubber gloves and mittens______ . .doz. prs__ 96,610 66,615 63,438 95,234 100,030 123,990 277 146 142 202 217 266
E u b b e r w a te r bottles and fountain syringes
thousands.. 383 252 269 301 268 294 239 98 96 125 91 101
422 328 515 621 607 821
Eubber balloons_____ ______ ...1.000 gross.. 1*688 340 415 502 595 433 f 298 364 395 458 336
\ 72 148 195 166 210
Bathing caps_______________ ^__ ____1,000 doz_. 162 75 56 50 42 55 356 135 91 79 83 107
Eubber bands ____________ _ ....... 1,000 lbs.. I f 305 244 281 247 242 f 99 88 119 100 101
Eubber erasers______ _______ _ ___ _do___ \ 338 36S 402 342 311 \ 192 210 230 186 177
Hard-rubber goods:
271 130 210 289 242 256
112 217 185 } 388 166 254
/ 73 95 109
I 245 164 160
Tires:
Casings, automobile................... 2,387 1,150 858 1, 016 850 1,182 30,092 11,042 9,846 13,237 11,264 16, 275
Track and bus. _______ ------- do___ if 370 256 174 241 252 404 10 8,808 4,426 3,468 5,079 4,962 8,092
Other automobile___________ .............. do ib 2,280 894 m 775 597 778 22,815 6,617 6,378 8,158 6,302 8,183
Automobile inner tubes. _____ ______ d o ___ 1,581 759 596 622 524 848 3,232 924 920 973 865 1,414
Other casings and tubes_______ 99 48 51 85 73 129 272 126 231 570 588 996
Solid tires:
For automobiles and motor trucks, .number 64,148 8,152 5,048 4,096 2,541 3,672 2,049 225 154 119 75 63
Other.................................... ........1,000 lbs.. 1,664 1,338 1,058 1,055 437 176 378 169 166 171 80 41
Tire sundries and repair materials. 1,609 498 648 770 712 883
Eubber and friction tape________ ____1,000 lbs _ 1,492 698 669 755 667 783 438 176 179 208 198 208
192 386 305 276 281 583 562 615
Eubber belts and belting:
Fan belts for automobiles______ ____1,000 lb s..
} 4,808 2,310
r 733 562 625 / 416 301 359
Other rubber and balata belting. ----------do____ { 3,256 2,808 3,312 I 1,713 1,468 1,790
Eubber hose and tubing_________ _____ do.__ 7,438 3,760 4,844 6,027 5,075 11,283 2,678 1,077 1,644 2,146 1,808 4,232
Eubber packing.. __________ do___ 2,351 1,182 1,522 1,761 2,126 473 1,096 451 643 776 525 635
Eubber thread__ ______________ _______ d o ... 1,583 1,312 908 676 491 666 1,792 817 507 366 335 581
1,477 1,170 1,067 1,318 1 [ 204 179 165 193
1,005 1,068 963 1,507 } 2,631 1,275 I 269 310 301 441
i I 1,113 1,393 1,216 1,881
SO, S5S 14,722 18,924 22,141 12,829 15,094
Naval stores:
.Rosin-------------;....................... —..1,000 bbls.Ji„ 1,270 1,118 1,196 1,028 S47 936 20,008 8,113 11,236 14,612 7,396 8,967
FOREIGN COMMERCE

t>tmx rosin_________________________do.14.. 1,105 910 874 748 508 594
Wood rosin_________ do.15. . 165 208 321 280 339 341
'Gum spirits of turpentine__________1,000 gals.. 14,271 11,342 12,342 11, 539 S, 771 9,842
Wood turpentine__ ___________________ do__ 824 782 1,448 2,060 1,884 2,023
Pine oil___ __________
do___ 10 413 739 1,405 1,730 1.523 1, 682
Tar and pitch of wood___ _________ bbls.14___ 19,964 8,214 18,881 38,555 33,410 36,694
'Sulphate resin.................. .1,000 lbs__
Other gums and resins____ _________ do___
} 4,253 4,731 7,192 7,339 5,989 1 f 8,655
9,819
Drugs, herbs, leaves, and roots, cru d e____________
Ginseng________________________________1,000 lbs— 194 214 295 137 167 150
Other crude vegetable drugs______________do__ 4,880 3,986 4,417 5,122 4,124 5,045
Oilseeds_______
do___
Soy beans_____________________________ do__
Other oil seeds______________
do___
Vegetable oils_______________________________
Expressed oil and fats, inedible:
Coconut oil______________________ 1,000 lbs.
Cottonseed oil, crude_________________ do___
Linseed oil________ :_________________ do__
Vegetable soap stock________________ do_
Other expressed oils and fats___________do—
Essential or distilled oils:
Peppermint__________________________ do. ..
Citrus oils16__________________________ do_
Spearmint and other m int oils, n. e. s______do_
O th e r n a tu r a l essential and distilled oils
1,000 lbs. .
Blended, compounded, or mixed perfumeflavored
oils___________________— 1,000 lbs..
Vegetable dyeing and tanning extracts..__________
. Vegetable seeds__________________ do.
T Tursery a n d g r e e n h o u s e s to c k ___________________
Flo were and foliage, cut, fresh and preserved..
All other nursery or greenhouse stock.______
2, 875 77,337 109,179 86,164 161,410 637,475
| 2,875 77,337 109,179 / I 76,241 158,680 627,741
9,923 2,731 9,734
23,132 19,442 13,820 7,133 4,813 15,263
31,115 17,914 382 2,726 428 3,880
2,171 881 973 987 890 2,566
10,955 15,816 19,396 10,363 8,560 11,472
7,495 2,471 5,005 2,077 2,923 8,073
183 261 386 349 372 396
io 36 121 285 322 262 393
29 30
1
38
f 31
L 2,786 1,448 j 1,260 1,283 728 962
1 i 150 251 222 347
Logwood extracts...................... 1,000 lbs.. 2,111 1,097 787 683 605 543
Chestnut_________________________ do_______ 5,949 4,227 2,335 1,588 3,175 7,731
Other (vegetable and chemical)_____ ____ do__ 32,293 33,927 37,186 40,919 29,003 33,342
Seeds, except oilseeds______________ ______ do__ 28,743 16,628 12,052 17, 659 17,774 20,270
Field and garden seeds:
Alfalfa........... — _____________________ do__ 915 890 284 3,098 355 449
Red clover___________________________ do_ 676 1,079 125 463 183 224
Other clover__________________________ do_ 698 651 99 174 130 489
Timothy_____________________________ do_ 13,520 6,700 4,003 3,232 4,492 10,406
Other grass seeds----------------------------------do_ 6,284 4,476 4,419 7,425
Other field seeds_______________________do_ 2,931 951 1,020 460
} 10,486 6,149
Flower seeds____ _______________
} do_____ 3,719 1,881 2,102 2,806 2,148
I f 2,309
243
* Average for years 1928-20.
®1935 only.
i* Average for years 1929 and 1930.
» Average for years 1927-30.
17,596
2,412
8,392
459
» 215
218
1,188
3,341
2,421
919
140
140
8.122
1,907
2,581
257
647
788
701
110
1,197
2,135
213
183
1,738
3,48B
189
144
133
880
974
254
914
676
171
505
6,643 8,514 11,208 4,818 5,888
1,470 2,723 3,405 2, 578 3,079
4,931 5,175 4,233 2,292 2,627
341 573 773 499 547
405 762 1,032 834 902
82 171 323 256 327
851 1,006 1,167 1,051 / I 2,583
141
1, 544 1,871 1,506 1, 7B1 1, 564
1,088 1,236 706 1, 029 703
455 635 800 752 861
895 1, 890 1.858 2,144 10,906
895 1,890 1 f 1,431 2,052 10,603
427 92 303
3,689 4,331 4,337 3, 349 5,179
709 621 445 184 5S6
635 28 185 24 245
83 96 114 93 253
667 955 743 473 452
155 292 202 206 508
601 874 895 870 994
106 345 412 337 508
f 56 56 57 75
734 | 715 776 628 853
I 349 508 476 705
1,703 1,758 1,754 1,329 ‘ 1,748
126 103 91 82 87
124 77 50 79 246
1,453 1,578 1, 613 1,168 1,415
1,911 1,659 2,821 1,972 2,391
104 46 852 68 84
145 19 54 26 43
120 13 44 24 89
374 200 154 189 496
497 599 857
44 72 51 | 899 757
628 711 809 766
I f 723
199
273 390 454 465 403
63 126 135 149 181
210 264 319 316 222
14 Of 500 pounds.
ie “ Orange oil” prior to 1932.
FOREIGN COMMERCE
OX
GO

N o . 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o f U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u t s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS
GROUP AND ARTICLE
1936-1930
1937
1 9 2 6 -1 9 3 0 1 9 3 1 -1 9 3 5 1 9 3 6
CJI
CO
t o
G r o u p 2.— V e g e t a b l e p r o d u c ts * i n e d i b l e — C o n .
T obacco a n d m a n u fa c tu re s ___________________________
T o b a c c o , u n m a n u f a c tu r e d .........................1*000 l b s . .
L e a f to b a c c o ________________________________do.
B r ig h t f lu e -c u re d ..................................................do.
B u r le y ______ ______- .............
do
B a r k -f ire d K e n tu c k y a n d T e n n e s se e ____ d o ___
B a r k V ir g in ia _________
do.
M a r y la n d a n d O h io e x p o rt______________do.
G re e n R i v e r ............................................ - ______ do.
O n e -su c k er le a f_______________- __________ do.
B la c k fa t, w a te r b a le r, d a r k A fric a n____ d o ___
C ig a r le a f_________________________________ d o ___
O th e r le a f to b a c c o ________________________ d o ___
S te m s , trim m in g s , a n d s c ra p to b a c c o ______d o ___
T o b a c c o m a n u f a c tu r e s ____________________________
C ig a rs a n d c h e ro o ts______________ ....th o u s a n d s .
C ig a re tte s ______________ ____________ — m illio n s - _
C h e w in g to b a c c o , p lu g a n d o t h e r _____1,000 lb s_ .
S m o k in g to b a c c o (in c lu d in g cigar- c u ttin g s )
1,000 lb s_ .
O th e r to b a c c o m a n u f a c tu r e s _______________ d o __
M isc e lla n e o u s v e g e ta b le p r o d u c ts ._____ _______________
S ta rc h :
C o rn s ta rc h a n d c o rn f lo u r u ________ 1,000 lbs_.
O th e r s ta r c h —___________________________;__ d o___
Broomcorn____________
tons..
Brooms_____________
dozs___
Hops_____________________________ 1,000 lbs_.
Other inedible vegetable products______________
645,676
535,348
366,638
9, 215
100,217
20,173
13,175
13,831
1*3,962
2,075
6,856
10,327
8,344
3,624
1 ,1 2 8
264
214*430
8,232
4*283
17,718
10,051
442,352
422,370
307,419
11,420
68,387
11,725
7,739
3,625
1,161
9,092
1,724
87
19,973
’ 5,364
3,016
1,890
118
60,360
838
3,029
8,900
5,151
425,269
406,810
315,943
10,469
49,473
9,333
6,100
3,577
818
10,296
649
151
18,459
5,331
4,629
1 ,7 9 8
48.303
‘950
2,580
7,406
3,424
434,796
417,759
327,696
10.419
52,663
9,638
5,321
2,061
219
8,693
920
128
17,037
16*148
5,667
2,062
703
42,054
890
1,741
9,186
5,668
489,093
472,854
385,219
11,749
48, 374
8,545
4,509
3,592
494
7,699
2,529
143
16,239
5,973
6,368
1,871
792
1,005
189,231
897
1,699
9,146
4,822
358,489
327,216
245,977
11,693
41,710
8,272
6,332
2,263
2,094
7,212
1,497
166
31,273
5,443
6*761
1,970
847
1,050
190; 579
1,912
1,952
9,004
4,682
163,311
144*549
144,115
114,217
1,650
10,004
4,735
2,358
2,515
i* 836
640
1,328
433
18,762
16,137
1,774
727
124
11,476
7,165
289
556
91
2,242
1,133
111,601
103,742
102,926
8a 881
1,617
7,491
2,248
1,872
700
114
1,483
486
35
816
7,859
•404
6,076
772
652
278
1,804
46
300
36
1,168
527
147,898
137,332
136,666
122,853
2,047
5,724
2,062
1,197
496
76
1,787
372
52
666
10,566
398
8,658
716
718
74
3,777
1,514
50
291
31
703
1,187
147,772
134,520
134,192
117,980
2,519
7,299
2,332
1, 137
497
24
1,738
618
48
328
13,252
554
11,022
842
480
353
3,882
1,363
51
212
37
t, 409
809
170,028
155,671
155,304
139,180
2,545
7,005
2,059
1,278
841
51
1,491
790
63
366
14*357
333
12,202
756
485
532
6,045
4,284
50
181
35
955
540
92,341
77,422
7a 826
63,136
2,486
5,250
1,858
1,414
575
151
1*420
463
74
596
14*919
330
12,646
822
558
562
7,221
4*481
91
791
FOREIGN COMMERCE
G r o u p 3 .— T e x t i l e s
Total______________________ _
Cotton, unmanufactured.— ________
Raw cotton, except linters_______
Long staple (1H inches or over):
American-Egyptian (Pima)___
Other_______ . . . ___________
fl,000 bales.
11.000 lb s...
/l,000 bales.
11.000 lbs...
,000 bales.
6 ,000 lbs...
J1,000 bales.
U,0001bs...
8,287
4,328,362
8,112
4,227,832
io 4
w 2,088
878
458,897
7,317
3,675,201
7,147
3,768,548
(®) 238
143
74, 796
5,642
2,974,147
5,409
2,826,078
(>) !
21
10,987
6,024
3,223, 169
5,728
3,034,778
(■> 144
57
30* 642
4,561
2, 442,023
4*316
2, 288,437
(8) 69
52
27,333
4,807
2,562,283
4,559
2,404,493
954,913 486,951 436, 808 467, 292 322,941 357,441
} 765, 674
] 759,985
c\ o ) 11671
31.284 } 89

Upland (under 1H inches)--— -— {i*000 ^l^sS
, . . fllooo bales..
L m t e r s . . . ............................ — ........"\l,000 l b s . . .
Cotton semimanufactures_________________ do-----
Cotton pulp-................-..........-.....................do-----
Cotton rags, except paper stock----------------do-----
Cotton batting, unglazed wadding, carded cotton,
and roving_______________________1,000 lbs..
Cotton card strips and comber waste........-_do-----
Other soft wastes______________________do-----
Cotton bard wastes of yarns and threads, including
wiping_______________________ 1,000 lbs—
Cotton yam for manufacturing___________do-----
Carded yarn, gray----------------------------- do—
Carded yarn, bleached, colored, and novelty
1.000 lbs_.
Mercerized, all kinds------------ --------------do-----
Combed yam:
Not finished or mercerized___________ do-----
Finished, except mercerized__________ do—
Cotton manufactures___________________________
Cotton thread, twine, cordage, and rope:
Sewing thread____________________ 1,000 lbs—
Crochet, darning, and embroidery cotton 1.000 lbs..
Tire cord in cones or warps____________ do-----
Twine, rope, and cordage.-....... —.............do,-—
Cloth, duck, and tire fabric______ 1,000 sq yds„
All cotton cloth when exported to Philippine
Islands to be embroidered and otherwise manufactured
and returned to United States37i
1.000 sq. yds—
Tire fabric:
Cord_____________________________ do-----
Other_______________ _____________ do—
Cotton duck, except bleached and colored—do----
Heavy filter doth, hose, and belting duck i7h
1.000 sq. yds. .
Ounce duck........ ........ .............................do-----
Numbered, biscuit, and naught duck 17fc_do----
7,232 7,003 5/387 5,670 4, 264 4,499
3, 768,101 3,693, 514 2,815,090 3, 003,992 2,261,036 2,373,119
175 170 233 296 245 248
100,530 106, 653 148,069 1S8,390 153,586 157, 790
107, 562 95, 525 116,753 170,590 145, 502 149, 316 21,237 9,023 10, 674 16,017 11, 675 12,026
11 28,885 30,499 48,628 44,060 39,552
u 1,931 2,489 4, 047 2,940 2,388
16,207 13,992 16,246 24,956 12,536 19,058 1,145 696 896 1,421 672 969
»389 654 617 511 372 910 s 71 91 105 107 59 112
[ 610r 705 13,531 24,169 23,323 30,925 1 f U,132 1, 317 2,277 1,878 2,328
j 46,870 41,806
66,157
[ 6,561
h f 2,592 2,236
| | « , 493 50, no 64,213 H 2,620 3,686 4,997 \
1 8,414 7,133 j IJ [ 447 399
24,965 11,138 5,748 8,113 9,926 9,932 13,488 3,843 2,182 3,168 3,088 3,594
f 3,826 I f 891
13, 507 6,761 3,425 5,269 6,990 \ 4,585 1,434 993 1, 566 1,719
1 1,808 I I 528
12 10,102 3,390 1, 633 1,820 1,495 2,501 « 8,445 2,044 928 1,215 915 1,552
w l, 911 987 690 1,024 1,441 / 1,445 I 352
2,113 827 923 1, 059 1, 005 3,399
104 19 30 31 35 35
4,266 2,442 2,672 3,067 2,830
\ f 3,799
462
521,180 291,264 200, 501 238, 251 319,641 367,461
10,542
14,044
10,725
2,980 692 1,167 4,077 2,589 6,563
1,265 584 913 1,673 1,511 1,609
10,031 4,986 5,181 6, 543 7, 286 7,970
®586 401 529 559 492 675
5,300 2,901 2,644 3,641 4,274 4,343
4,379 1,684 1,959 2,344 2,520 2,952
} 670,399 355,192 352, 337 356, 586 221,460 235,983
| 5,690 3,998 7, 205 8, 636 4,354 3,743
| 12 961 365 261 387 454 / 488
\ 135
102, 842 36, 400 33,004 43,645 45,311 56, 292
1,136 697 744 961 836 1,159
125 21 28 30 28 27
^ 1,629 700 845 1,044 839 \ f 3,045
152
72,288 26,269 21, 874 28,279 30,560 36,549
1,133 1,272 972
1,296 218 324 1,118 708 1,612
413 142 238 465 372 307
3,424 1,047 1,254 1, 665 1,482 1,700
*372 159 201 206 172 235
1,516 436 450 685 632 665
1,685 452 603 773 678 801
« Less than 500. * Average for years 1928-30. 8 1935 only. 10 Average for years 1929 and 1930. n Average for years 1932-35. 12 Average for years 1927-30.
37 Cornstarch only prior to July 1,1927; prior to that date corn flour was included with com meal.
na Induded under “ Cotton sheetings 40 inches wide and under (bleached)," “All other bleached,” and ‘‘Voiles’; prior to 1937.
iib paper dryer included in “Numbered, biscuit, and naught duck” beginning 1939; induded in “Heavy filter” in previous years.
FOREIGN COMMERCE
O r
OO
GO-

No. 575.— E x p o r t s o f U n i t e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d i s e , By C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1331-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G boot 3.—T e x t i l e s —Continued
Cotton manufactures—Continued.
Cloth, duck, and tire fabric—Continued.
Cotton cloth, unbleached________ 1,000 sq. yds.. 122,034 76, 656 51,749 47,15B 76, 312 79,257 11,178 4,372 3,681 3,437 4,163 4,334
Cotton cloth (gray), medium and coarse yam
fabrics:
Drills, twills, and warn sateens
1,000 sa. yds.. a 11,649 5,803 4,849 4,024 5,203 4,781 51,405 459 471 443 428 439
Sheetings, 40 inches and under170.. ...d o . .. a 71,626 50,429 25,603 27, 933 50,679 46,981 a 6, 030 2,561 1,578 1,908 2,610 2,519
Sheetings over 40 inches170 .......... — do___ 81,476 715 607 888 1,507 937 8163 51 56 82 104 69
a 19,970 14, 501 16,460 7,060 10, 921 10,894 a 1,976 1,012 1, 274 619 666 734
Printcloth yarn (gray) fabrics, all widths: 17«
9,130 134
Other printcloth yarn fabric constructions
4,564
259
a 16,993 5,208 4,231 7,253 8,001 1,970 81,121 288 303 385 355 180
Cotton cloth, bleached and colored 17d
1.000 sq. yds.. 384, 871 208,345 141, 540 166,258 217, 898 261,336 55,977 20,490 16, 377 20,461 22, 564 27,623
Finished cloth, bleached, dyed, printed, stiffened
or otherwise converted, and colored
yarn fabrics:
40 inches wide and narrower:
Drills, twills, and warp sateens:
6, 212
883
11, 512
1,919
2,090
260
Sheeting:
Wider than 40 inches:
Sheeting:
Printcloth yarn fabrics:
Garded broadcloth:
Cheese cloth and gauze, bleached or dyed
1,000 sq. yds..
7, 209
4, 619
5, 487
460
588-
1, 014 32&
6,968
702
1,375 200
12,812
23,375
5,993
2,116
2,013
681
3,826 95
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Printcloth:
Bleached........... .................. -......... do..........
Dyed In the piece_______ -do____
Printed___________________ do...
Napped fabrics___________________ do____
Colored yarn fabrics:
Denims________________________do___ 816,238
Suitings, twill-coverts, cottonades
1.000 sq. yds___
Chambrays, cheviots, and shirtings.do____
Other colored yarn fabrics________ do____
Colored duck and awning materials_do___ 3,017
Bine goods and combed cotton fabrics:
Voiles, organdies, lawns, and batistes,
combed.__________ 1,000 sq. yds_
Piques, combed_________________ do.........
Marquisettes, combed___________ do.........
Other combed and fine carded goods,
n. e. s_________________ 1,000 sq, yds___
Cotton and rayon mixtures (cotton chief
value).-........................-_.1,000sq. yds— s 15,060
Other cotton fabrics:
Table damask in the piece___:_________ do___ 549
Tapestries and other upholstery goods___do___ 214
Pile fabrics, plushes, velveteens, and corduroy
1.000 sq. yds.. 507
K nit fabric in the piece____________ 1,000 lbs__ 1
Cotton remnants sold by the pound____ do___/
6, 303
Cotton wearing apparel ______________ _____
Handkerchiefs____________________1,000 doz__ 212
doves, cotton (woven or knit)—-........doz. prs.. 119,845
Hosiery_____________________ 1,000 doz. prs— 3,798
W omen's___________________ _____ do________ 81,676
Children's_________________________ do__ 8673
M en's.______ _______
__do___ 8954
Underwear......... ........................ 1,000 625 doz..
M en’s and boys'____________________ do__
Women’s and children’s______________do__
Nightwear, knit, women's and children’s
thousands..
Outerwear, knit:
M en’s and boys’ sweaters, jersey pullovers.
and sweatshirts............................ thousands..
Women’s and children’s sweaters, shawls, and
mufflers_______
thousands..
Other knit apparel, n. e. s................ do___
12,807
958
2,479
383
112
306
6,958
90
47,458
541
252
135
154
172
U82
ii 57
9,964
737
1,895
226
482
258
5,004
10,279
1,226
291
580
247
8,677
153 223
40,624 51, 772
322 406
54 59
103 106
165 240
138 193
83 142
55 52
12,615
1,618
143
529
268
9,209
226
45,598
371
56
107
208
200
145
56
7,484
7,188
63,373
3,337
13,259 8 2,845 1,403 1,328 1,481 1,481
13,832
19,069
5,862
1,810 967 231 217 416
16,850
962
4,386
11, 660
1,769
167
1, 330
556
129 \
9,921 /
388
77,509
470
76
130
265
297
226
71
8 4,209 495 353
161 71 52
196 61 179
441
2,367
14,863
141
209
6,518
82,980
81,035
31,603
2,353
8 Average for years 1928-30.
11 Average for years 1932-35.
170 Print doth included in “Unbleached sheetings” prior to 1939.
27d Leaders are shown for many items in this group for which comparable figures are not available owing to changes in classifications.
28
115
90
416
176
1,445
3,638
61
68
761
361
168
231
448
« 213
ii 127
169
1,116
3,944
108
71
473
88
122
262
394
240
154
320
67
234
187
43
199
189 165
2,176 2,104
5,499 6,009
160 162
99 91
603 567
96 88
130 124
378 356
522 513
387 381
135 131
556
699
6,288
368
1,638
1,794
1,684
638
451
1,637
114
295
1,354
288
39
430
278 62
2,033
7,190
247
138
685
113
157
415
776
608
168
21
66
37
190
FOREIGN COMMERCE 5 3 5

No. 575.— E x p o r t s o p U n i t e r S t a t e s M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
GROUP AND ARTICLE
Group 3.—T extiles—Continued
•Cotton manufactures—Continued,
Cotton wearing apparel—Continued.
Garments of woven fabrics:
Men’s and boys’ jackets and windbreakers
thousands..
Overalls, breeches, and men’s work clothing,
n. e. s____________________________ doz__
Nightwear, men’s__________________ do...
Underwear, men’s athletic, not knit
1.000 doz.
Work shirts_____________ _________ do___
Other men’s and boys’ shirts (except knit)
1.000 doz..
Other men’s and boys’ clothing of woven
fabrics, n. e. s....................... 1,000 doz..
Women’s dresses and ensembles______ do___
Women’s and children’s underwear and
nightwear, not knit....................... 1,000 doz..
Children’s outerwear, not knit_______ do___
Other women’s and children’s apparel of
woven fabrics, n. e. s_____ ______________
Other cotton manufactures ud_________________
Cotton narrow fabrics, nonelastic, 12 inches and
narrower:
Woven belting for machinery_____ 1,000 lbs..
Braids, trimmings, bindings, lacings, tapelabels,
and webbing........................ .................
Other narrow fabrics, n. e. s_______________
Cotton house furnishings:
Blankets_________ ____________thousands..
Quilts, comfortables, and bedspreads___do___
Bed sheets and pillow cases.___________doz..
Curtains and draperies_____ ______________
Laces, embroideries, and lace window
curtains______________________1,000 yd
Terry-woven towels, wash cloths, and bath
m ats ____________________1,000 doz..
Huck, damask, and plain woven towels and
toweling_______
1,000 doz..
Other housefurnishings, n, e. s_____________
1936-1930 1931-1935 1936
139
204
450
142
27,803
5,553
633
24,877
41
123
180
74
15,304
1,503
179
202
89
18,042
2,871
157
50
169
108
20,662
1938
38,171
67
178
162
29,517
40,985 7
31
1, 527
3,326
194
37,665
189
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936
646
1,978
I, 636
263
834
210
209
206
1,009
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS
150
895
3, 323
90
286
89
77
73
245
166
935
4, 054
114
303
135
90
117
325
1937
178
1,708
5,165
148
486
178
123
162
396
203
1, 703
4,529
115
243
456
265
147
174
435
1939
364
76
189
120
213
1,417
167
231
561
7, 329
141
366
113
1,920
325
175
102
202
391
56
98
00
Ot>
FOREIGN COMMERCE

267706°— 41-
cc
a
Other fabricated products of cotton, n. e. s.:
Cotton bags. ....................................—1,000 lbs.
Canvas articles..... ......................— —-.........—
Other cotton manufactures, n. e. s------------------
Jute manufactures------------- ------------------------------
Jute yarn, cordage, and twine------------- 1,000 lbs
Bags of jute.......................— ........... -........... do—
Other jute manufactures..............-................ do—
Flax,hemp, andram ie manufactures--------------------
Other vegetable fiber manufactures-------------------
Cordage, except of cotton or jute:
Binder twine_________________________ 1,000 lbs__
Manila cordage______________________do----
Other cordage___________ ____________do—
Oakum____ __________________________ do—
Other vegetable fiber, straw, or grass manufactures .
Wool, mohair, and Angora rabbit hair, unmanufactured__________________________________
1,000 lbs__
Wool semimanufactures__________________ do-----
Wool rags____________________________ do-----
Wool noils and waste___________________do-----
Wool yarns___________________________ do-----
Wool manufactures______________
Fabrics wholly or chiefly of wool:
Wool cloth and dress goods___
fl,000 lbs__
11,000 yds..
fl,000 lb s„
Mohair cloth......... .....................
\1.000 y d s-
Other wool fabrics_____________________ 1,000 lbs__
Carpets and rugs of wool_________ sq. yds..
Wool felts..............
1,000 lbs..
Wool wearing apparel:
Knitted bathing suits__________________doz__
Other knit goods___ !---------------------------------
M en’s and boys’ overcoats, suits, pants
1,000 pieces..
Women’s and children’s wool clothing---- do----
Other wool or mohair manufactures------------------
6,728 - 4,622 5,343 6,128 5,460 7,859
998 257 511 380 264 297
33,378 19, 077 13,602 16,029 14,373 24, 237
3,692 1, 221 2,187 3,151 1,931 3,423
22,817 8,143 4,887 5,088 4,152 4,098
4,465 1,659 1,983 2,878 2, 313 1,920
2,387 250 333 299 284 417
2.012 961 1, 269 1,529 1,455 1,707
SOO 122 16 68 1, 343 279
13, 309 6,744 3, 976 5,644 8, 763 10, 073
12, 544 6,279 3,619 5,031 7,433 9,119
706 430 328 597 1,319 884
59 35 29 16 11 70
328 113 104 88 120 152
471 128 149 125 173 204
60 43 117 116 125 140
107 48 130 134 181 186
49 15 11 13 9 18
115,071 48,909 117,309 118,607 102,687 98,883
271 47 50 76 48 85
12 26,993 8,407 11,077 11,830 12,236 10,477
148 38 35 69 57 37
50 39 44 44 57 95
1° Average for years 1929 and 1930. 12 Average for years 1927-30.
iTd Leaders are shown for many items in this group for which comparable figures are not available owing to changes in classifications.
Crc
1,495 1,062 1,403 1,765 1,398 1,886
258
1,298
3, 984 1, 628 1, 262 1,427 1,164 2, 866
171 34 76 58 43 45
3,428 1,509 1,043 1,172 992 2,059
385 86 142 198 130 263
523 204 304 457 453 468
5,900 1, 580 1, 023 1,289 1,027 1,013
2,652 506 346 371 273 221
858 220 302 461 361 293
293 34 61 53 53 74
171 74 97 121 107 129
1,925 745 217 283 234 297
121 31 8 29 423 99
1,139 371 831 490 705 1, 016
906 294 256 390 530 719
144 42 36 * 76 157 225
89 36 39 24 18 72
4,437 1,437 1,786 1,996 1,912 2,688
621 165 194 162 170 205
173 70 167 194 215 209
76 20 16 19 12 27
439 153 260 319 329 280
348 64 56 94 58 97
828 219 227 260 245 201
12 366 114 154 128 113 213
601 153 206 307 265 254
414 209 253 280 343 563
645 269 251 234 162 641
FOREIGN COMMERCE
0 3
- a

No. 575.— E x p o r t s o f U n i t e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939—Continued
GROUP AND ARTICLE
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1925-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937
1939 1926-1930 1931—1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Ox
CO
OO
G r o u p 3.—T e x t i l e s — Continued
Hair and manufactures________________________
Hair, unmanufactured:
pattle and ox body hair____________1,000 lbs._
Other cattle and ox hair..............................do___
Hog hair___________________________ do___
Horse hair__________________________ do___
. Other hair__________________________ do.
Hair felt and other hair manufactures________
Silk manufactures_____________________________
Tram, organzine, and hard twists_____ pounds...
Spun silk.................................................... do_
Sewing, embroidery, and crochet silk.............. do_
Fabrics wholly or chiefly of silk:
Broad-silks______________________1,000 yds..
Velvets, plushes, and chenilles ls~l,000 sq. yds.
Silk and velvet ribbons «__________1,000 yds.
Silk wearing apparel:
Underwear_______________________ number.
Dresses, skirts, waists, and blouses--------- d o ...
Hosiery_______ . ____________1,000 doz. pairs.
Women's and children’s seamless..............do_
Women’s full fashioned......... — ..........-do—
Men’s socks_________ _____________ do—
Other silk wearing apparel__________ —
Waste rags and old used stockings------- 1,000 lbs..
Other silk manufactures___ _______________
Eayon and other synthetic textiles ud---------------------
Bayon waste_______
1,000 lbs..
Yam, single and plied______
do-------
Piece goods, wholly or chiefly rayon and other
synthetic fibers:
. Pile (yelyets, etc.)...............- - - - f r o o o V S -
K nit fabrics in the piece________. ....1,000 Ibs.
Other woven fabric l£a________-j^’— 000 sq. ^ yds.
Bemants and mill ends.
1,000 lbs.
8,109
11,013
151,454
76,540
3,498
3, 087
68,167
186, 775
835
8 76
8 616
8 119
6,744 6,736
6,41S
13, 238
3,366 ft
262,781
23,341
1,659
78
1,788
79,686
179,439
283
22
237
23
180, 981
162,876
33,404
785
147
140,402
254,062
442
42
367
32
313 1,355 1,730
146
556
2,713
11,380
7,441
2,148
7,932
3, 807
9,336
1,280
6,756
3,503
178,088 212,503
212, 751 165,133
36,695 34, 675
631 559
20 9
179,345
190, 999
458
59
366
33
119, 530
175, 556
500
87
383
31
6,125 4,220
1,282
110
351
3,674
16,821
964
1,353
201
567
3,735
16,241
5,062
1,741
6,395
489
2,441
418, 268
189, 386
44,851
580
8
122,281
163,727
603
148
418
37
5,223
1,401
1,694
2,468 1,606 2,044 2, 994 2,233 1,731
394 686
f 857 691 411
} 810 { 286 97 174
1 f 545 783 624 414
V 1,355 1,102 U 653 902 644
f 242
I 230
302 110 160 166 177 260
17,293 5, 954 6,905 7,117 6,064 7, 686
767
f 494 571 624 1,502
| 813 \ 455 674 429 653
567 101 103 130 89 159
3,529 1,148 532 486 385 427
101 100 162 25 15 10
172 59 104 124 117 111
134 91 171 180 156 140
1, 627 911 1,180 958 752 694
8, 531 1,873 2,610 2,802 2,897 3,271
«561 94 135 184 250 432
87, 328 1,688 2,364 2,500 2,537 2, 709
8657 91 111 117 110 130
538 120 121 163 103 76
| 1,381 784 973 / 568
1 438
332
166
468
175
6,908 3, 565 7, 504 10,447 11,030 15,289
84 118
442 746 958 809 764 893
505 1 . 222 220 303 617
1,316 r
117
117
5,956
24,282
} 82,218 1,410 3,369 4,858 4, 546 6,388
295
123
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Dresses, skirts, blouses, and other outerwear for
women:
Not knit or crocheted......... ...............thousands..
Knit or crocheted________________ do.
Other knit outerwear____________ ______
Hosiery_____________________ 1,000 doz. prs__
Women's and children's_______________ do...
Men’s socks_________________________ d o ...
Knit underwear________________________ doz„
Woven underwear_____________ ________ do—
Sleeping and lounging garments, knit or woven
doz_.
Ribbons, braids, fringes, and narrow trimmings—
Other synthetic textile manufactures___ _______
Miscellaneous textile products___________________
Linoleum__________
1,000 sq. yds..
Felt base floor coverings...............................d o ....
Oilcloth__ ___________________________ do__
Window-shade and hook cloth___________ do__
Pyroxylin leather cloth_____________ ...d o _
Other coated or impregnated fabrics._____ do__
Waterproof outer garments except rubber
s
thousands..
Corsets, brassieres, and girdles...........1,000 pieces..
Neckties, cravats, and scarfs of all flbers.1,000 doz.
Hats of straw or fiber and materials___________
H at braid of straw or other fiber____1,000 yds..
Hats of straw, palm leaf, etc______ thousands..
Hats and caps, except straw or other fiber:
Men's and boys’ fur-felt hats........... .thousands..
Women’s and children's fur-felt hats.........do—
Wool-felt hats__________ ____________do...
Other hats, caps, and berets...................—do___
fia t trimmings, artificial flowers, etc___________
Mattresses, cotton, kapok, moss, hair__number..
Absorbent cotton, gauze, and sterilized bandages
1,000 lbs. .
Elastic webbing_____ ______________ 1,000 yds..
Not over inches wide............................ do___
Over 1H inches wide____________ _____do___
Garters, arm bands, suspenders, and braces_____
Other textile manufactures........................................
1,035
*559
8 359
32,241
1,192
4,225
10,085
3,042
6,799
371
1,361
8,194
599
381
64
271
1,039
25,248
3,410
8 31,681
• 339
179
100
78
51,022
164
1,689
6,256
1,653
1,022
1,353
146
903
5,852
355
88
97
636
9,982
2,563
15,979
15,023
956
598
77
149
56
93
77,752
197
1,923
8,785
775
1,417
2,531
79
2,060
5,185
503
50
159
946
14,661
2,396
18,649
17,573
1,076
914
116
328
2,264
8,441
840
1, 780
3,685
80
2,307
12,638
512
141
39
199
16,099
2,473
18,801
17,534
1,266
1,282
224
209 161
67 51
142 110
87,636 69,792
256
1,858
6,466
841
1,805
3,837
82
2,628
103
57
176
792
19,721
3,641
18,873
17,771
1,102
8 Average for years 1928-30.
11935 only.
im Leaders are shown for many items in this group for which comparable data are not available owing t<
Velvet and plush ribbons included with “Velvets, plushes, and chenilles” prior to 1931.
includes pile fabrics prior to 1936 and knit fabrics and remnants prior to 1939.

1,824 ! 1,544 2,615 3,358
306 ........ I 224 313 563
236 3,418 376 300 405 322
78 8 1, 802 218 103 126 95
158 8 1,008 158 198 279 227
72,879 248 197 252 299 231
6*301
77 210 270 244
1,404 576 426 657 616
22,886 8,61S 10,935 12,723 12,295
291 809 107 104 151 138
1,678 1,542 432 467 565 469
7,785 2,214 913 1, 233 1,263 972
1,141 561 231 116 140 135
2,715 f 413 522 672 626
4,619 1 538 860 1,243 1,252
59 768 255 172 167 153
3,262 1, 845 951 1,586 1,614 1, 911
78 266
516 263 322 408 397
95 51 36 55 52
523 419 212 286 353 345
149 1,744 289 258 342 245
67 189 64 94 83 103
182 289 82 115 153 142
719 776 282 419 456 371
373 127 257 315 148
19,614 173 80 145 148 180
5,794 2,278 1,212 1,184 1,226 1,612
21,8 « “ 1,278 567 769 787 728
20; 370 327 433 450 388
1,474 240 336 337 340
862 113 147 183 170
2,830 1,695 2,165 2,808 2,278
4,440
681
6 1
439
137
301
235
279
131
324
442
13,803
172
376
1,143
175
887
1,410
115
2,028
323
444
64
3 8 0
354
123
206
292
152
161
2,306
940
488
452
192
2,003
O pi
tel
w
Q
tel
Q
O
tel
&
a
o changes in classifications.
C7t
CO

No. 575.— E x p o b t s o f U n i t e d S t a t e s M e b c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G b o ttf s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939 Continued
QUANTITY
VALUE IN' THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
GROUP AND ARTICLE
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1 9 3 5 1936 1937 1938 1939
O i
O
Total.
G r o u p 4 . —"Wo o d a n d p a p e r
Wood, unmanufactured________________________
Logs and hewn timber:
Hardwoods__________________ 1,000 ft. b. m ..
Ash. and hickory___________________ do___
Walnut_____ ____ ________________ do___
Other hardwoods__________________do___
Softwoods:
Douglas fir________________________do___
Cedar_____ _______________________do___
Western red_____________________ do-----
Port Oxford___ __________________do----
Other (include Eastern)___________ do-----
Hemlock. ___ ___________________ do___
Other softwoods___________________do—
Railroad ties, hewn:188,
Creosoted or otherwise treated___thousands----
Other......................................
2 8 ,5 9 5 1 4 ,8 7 5 1 6 ,9 7 5 2 6 ,4 6 0 29, 225 1 4 ,4 0 3 1 ,1 1 4 475 563 933 995 524
do........... 9 8 ,7 0 0 6 2 ,9 6 5 4 0 ,4 2 5 9 0 ,5 8 0 4 ,9 3 5 1 ,8 9 1 2 ,2 0 9 738 653 1 ,5 0 4 84 28
Piling ........................................ 000 5 ,3 8 9lin. ft.. 3 ,6 7 0 4 ,3 7 3 4 ,8 4 4 2 ,5 6 0 1 ,8 5 8 1 ,3 4 9 460 694 911 511 383
Telegraph, trolley, and electric-light poles
number.. 1 1 2 ,1 7 7 1 8 ,3 5 7 2 1 ,2 4 2 32, 719 4 5 ,0 0 5 5 5 ,2 3 0 579 84 80 155 154 205
Firewood and other unmanufactured. 1,000 cu. f t . .
1 ,5 9 8 201 65 80 121 246 97
Wood, semimanufactures—sawmill products_______
Sawed timber_______________ 1,000 ft. b . m—
Softwoods:
Southern pine______________________ do—
Douglas fir-------------------------------------do—
Cedar___________ ..._______ do—
Other so ftw o o d s..________________ do—
Hardwoods___________ . . _________— do—
Creosoted or otherwise preserved:
Southern pine__________________ do-
Other sawed timber______ .d o ....
1B8* 694 8 0 ,8 9 4 1 0 0 ,0 4 2 137, 274 9 4 ,1 2 8 1 0 0 ,0 1 0
1 2 ,8 4 1 4 ,9 2 5 8, 332 7 ,6 6 0 4, 561 3 ,3 3 3
16, 358 1 7 ,7 8 9 2 5 ,1 9 7 2 3 ,9 4 7 24, 290 2 1 ,6 5 4 1 ,1 6 0 724 1 ,1 9 9 2 ,6 2 1 1 ,1 2 4 748
10 4 ,9 3 1 3 ,2 8 5 4, 292 5 ,6 0 9 3 ,9 7 9 1 ,2 5 5 10 295 171 218 276 67
i° l ’ 580 419 1, 086 1 ,1 3 5 688 489 10 356 128 293 386 188 163
10, 358 1 4 ,0 8 5 19, 819 1 7 ,2 0 3 1 9 ,6 2 3 19, 910 10 547 426 688 959
39, 258 4 7 ,9 4 4 131,9 9 5 7 8 ,6 0 4 67, 062 7 0 ,8 0 8 567 493 1 ,2 5 9 1 ,2 5 1 884 858
175’, 861 5 6 ,8 0 7 3 9 ,5 7 2 17, 264 7 ,4 8 6 5,3 9 5 4 ,0 2 7 998 624 543 376 196
2 2 ,9 0 4 7, 613 867 624 325 139 16 S
15’ 964 7 ,9 1 9 5 ,4 0 6 2,222 264 355 303 135
’ 704 1 ,7 3 2 1 ,2 1 3 2, 549 35 49 58 53
65, 068 8 7 ,7 8 4 3 1 ,8 7 4 3 ,2 6 2 3 ,6 4 4 558 709 323 34 41
1 0 4 ,9 7 7 3 2 ,6 0 8 42; 137 1 7 ,9 3 4 10, 747 2 0 ,4 9 8 1 ,6 3 4 330 470 298 152 253
2, 937, 526 1 ,3 6 0 ,0 5 6 1, 284, 020 1 ,4 4 3 ,2 0 5 9 7 7 ,3 0 4 2 ,1 0 4 ,1 5 7 104, 580 38, 574 4 4 ,5 7 3 55, 749 3 7 ,6 4 7 4 1 ,2 1 2
689, 323 3 3 1 ,3 3 2 2 9 0 ,2B3 303, 613 153, 773 180,6 6 6 1 7 ,6B5 6 ,1 7 3 6 ,3 7 9 7, 820 4, 900 5 ,6 1 9
1 4 5 ,7 1 9 81, 679 7 4 ,3 1 5 6 4 ,1 2 6 5 7 ,0 7 0 59, 796 6 ,2 5 6 3 ,1 2 5 3 ,3 9 8 3 ,4 4 5 3 ,0 3 6 3 ,3 5 8
2 4 2 ,2 5 4 2 1 1 ,2 0 4 2 3 3 ,4 5 9 9 1 ,8 9 9 114,9 8 5 1 0 ,1 5 0 2 ,7 9 7 2,686 3 ,9 6 5 1 ,5 1 1 i , 863
7 ,4 4 0 792 1 ,3 6 6 1 ,5 5 5 752 118 274 41 71 95 52 7
2 4 ,3 2 7 4. 218 1 ,6 3 4 1 ,5 8 9 1 ,3 0 3 1,301 616 89 118 133 148 - 168
I) 573 471 549 383 289 308 103 23 33 22 18
3 ,3 7 1 1 ,4 9 0 2 ,0 5 9 2 ,1 8 8 2 ,2 0 2 2 ,4 0 1 223 78 65 143 122 142
1 .2 0 9 429 156 313 258 1 ,7 5 7 63 19 8 16 14
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Boards, planks, and scantling--------------------do. 2,142, 318 1, Oil, 086 981. 865 1. no, 239 793. 868 8B9.427 8S, 016 81, 797 87,770 46,788 31,552
Softwoods_____________
do_ X. 714.385 720,900 649,337 729,824 532,920 620,799 54,703 17,597 20,972 25,911 18,002
Cypress-----------------------------------------do. 8,815 4,069 5,082 4,580 5.073 3,718 517 208 281 316 309
Douglas fir.—___—____
do. ___ 739,142 351,138 279,895 325,795 215,244 301,975 16,157 5,564 6,976 8,697 5,200
Rough—__________
do. ___ 684,348 308,895 244,870 288,573 192, 294 241, 669 14, 645 4,853 5,948 7, 538 4,496
Dressed--------------------------------------- do. ___ 54, 793 42,243 35,025 37,222 22)950 60,306 1,512 712 1,028 1,159 704
Southern pine____________
do. __ 636,171 283,669 269,803 291,644 243,495 214, 424 26,789 9,225 9.519 11,485 8,826
Bough.
do_. 553,836 246,809 232,399 248,893 204,115 177,431 23,332 8,023 8,091 9,567 7,219
Dressed................................. ....... ___ 82,335 36,860 37,404 42, 751 39,380 36, 993 3,457 1,202 1,428 1,918 1,607
White, ponderosa, and sugar pine.
34,402 24,132 41,834 51,211 36,519 43,471 1,958 928 1,657 2,315 1,608
Cedar----------------------------------- do_. 1217,801 5, 503 4,823 4,920 4,001 5,726 i2 876 246 214 266 250
Redwood_____________________
52,798 13,513 21,650 24)123 15,262 21,298 2,957 569 1,102 1,295 876
Spruce_______________________ do. _ _ 25,455 9,491 16,945 20,383 11,835 23, 539 1,212 438 1,059 1,369 904
Hemlock__________________________ do. ___ 186,451 28,843 8,970 5,698 1,452 6,542 3,729 402 152 105 28
Other softwoods____________________ do. . 16,910 542 335 1,470 39 126 681 15 11 63 1
Hardwoods__________________________ do. ___ 427,934 290,186 332,528 380,415 260,948 248,628 28,313 14,200 16,79S 20,877 13,550
Ash_______
do. 30,744 35,016 38, 578 44, 932 27, 319 23,855 2,102 1,580 1,611 2,248 1,266
Birch, beech, maple_________________ do. 9,114 1,894 1,958 3,226 2,422 2,937 581 102 108 160 121
Chestnut__________________________do_ .9,352 3,373 1,563 1,419 865 670 489 141 77 59 34
Cottonwood_______________________ do. __ s 4,419 1, 634 2,192 2,231 1,570 1,358 8238 71 100 125 81
Goto_____________________________ do. ___ 55,430 34,374 32,922 35,8S9 25,966 24,223 2,700 1,193 1,100 1, 469 915
Red and sap--------- ---------- -...............do 12 48,624 25,841 21,590 22,631 15,842 14,370 1*2,373 932 781 1, 020 622
Tupelo and black_________________ do 12 5,904 8,533 11,332 13,208 10,124 9,853 i2234 262 319 459 293
Hickory___________________________do. - __ 4,061 2,927 5,798 5,282 4,214 2,954 387 270 590 541 497
O ak ..-....................
do _ 208, 742 142,823 152,328 174,082 129,125 127, 271 13,027 6,605 7,155 8,909 6,086
Poplar____________________________ do. 34,859 21,975 28,889 33,009 19,888 17, 596 2,174 964 1,280 1,592 860
Walnut.............................
do. ___ 11,128 6,713 7,969 8,405 5,616 5,640 1,417 585 773 834 506
Mahogany--------------------------------------do. 15,964 4,179 5,541 5,080 3,431 2,940 2,341 576 889 795 532
Magnolia__________________________do.
' 6.278 6,593 7,131 3,179 2,553 270 287 366 138
Oak flooring_________
do J 12,476
f 13,185 13,002 12, 261 11,116 } 846 576 f 811 882 735
I 2,683 3, 990 1, 934 984 1 130 125 119
Wagon-oak planks..
___ 7,850 7,652 14,299 23,200 7,886 10,159 482 402 - 714 1,280 371
( 5,172 7,604 5,113 4,551 1 1 490 748 737
■ 4,032 7,178 4 2,948 3,612 2)074 1,972 > 436 610 { 161 192 107
Other squares.
_do_ .. I 2,443 1,848 1,380 1,571 1 { n o 114 104
Other hardwoo
)___ 21,531 4,933 7,557 8,473 6,705 6,278 1,189 255 412 437 341
Box shoots:
Southern pine...
.do. 13,037 4,420 4,186 7, 054 9,692 7,793 627 173 147 293 417
62,389 7,293 2.506 11,023 8,793 14,517 1,832 is8 62 296 244
Gum.
« 5,084 1,322 2,123 3,644 4)718 5, 526 •276 63 88 211 244
White ponderosa and sugar pine________ do. ___
Other..... ...............— ........ -......... ___
} 21,868 3,940
f 906 4,955 4,905 6,083
[ 2,151 2,677 1, 555 922 } 1,009 150 / 37 202 179
I 90 138 112
Railroad ties, sawed'.180
16,237
Other___________
2)988
Other sawed lumber..
5,541 K 1,657 245 H 78
8 Average for years 1928-30.
l®Average for years 1929 and 1930.
13 Average for years 1927-30.
i8^ incudes “railroad ties, sawed” prior to 1939. 1*®Included with “railroad ties, hewn” prior to 1939. i* Average for years 1931 and 1
33,695
20,798
251
7,218
5, 627
1, 591
7,775
6,334
1,441
1,920
386
1,163
1,976
106
4
12,897
1,111
146
23
67
876
580
296
290
6,221
814
516
509
111
660
62
477
516
106
105
288
311
373
276
191
35
FOREIGN COMMERCE
645
67
CJi

N o . 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o p U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939
C o n tin u e d
GROUT AND ARTICLE
1926-1930 1931-1935
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1936 1937 193S 1939 1936-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p A— W o o d a n d p a p e r — C o n tin u e d
Wood manufactures_____________ ______________
Cooperage______________________ ___________
. Staves_________________________ thousands..
T ight staves.................. — ...............do___
Black staves__ —___________________ do___
Heading............„................................... 1,000 sets..
Tight heading_____________________ do___
Slack heading______________________ do___
Cooperage shooks;
Tight_____ _________________
Slack_______________ ______________do___
Tight empty barrels, casks, hogsheads
thousands—
Veneers..................
1,000 sq. ft..
Veneer packages for fruits and vegetables.............—
Lath..................... ................................. thousands—
Shingles__________________
L ook___________________________ thousands—
Sash and blinds.________„ _____________ do-----
Trimmings and moldings n. e. s_____1,000 lin. ft—
Other millwork and house fixtures..____________
Furniture of wood:
Chairs_____________________ ——thousands—
Office furniture and store fixtures_____________
Other wood furniture_______________________
Boat oars and paddles____ ___________ number—
Plow and similar bent handles________1,000 doz__
Hoe, fork, shovel, broom, and other long handles
1,000 doz—
Handles for striking tools_______________ do-----
Pencil slats:
Eastern red cedar_________________ 1,000 lbs..
Incense cedar................................................ do—
Woodenware________________________________
Other wood manufactures____ ___________
Cork manufactures___________________ _________
Disks, washers, and wafers___________ 1,000 lbs..
Stoppers..______________________ -..........do----
Cork insulation................................. ............. do—
Manufactures of artificial composition or compressed
cork, n, e. s....................... 1,000 lbs..
Other cork manufactures, n. e. s . _ d o —
74,549
31,283
43,266
3,733
1,377
2,355
32,402
19,997
12,405
1,520
850
- 671
do________ 1,031 533
693 268
333
79, 805
36,443
w squares 1Q2, 535 __
1,914
87
9,164
172
81, 681
| 792 |
976
151
39,668
11,084
20,471
1,422
28
5,177
43
27,821
7
542
382
| 1213,214 9,650 [
432 81
6,220
32,84B 12,622 14,070 18,216 13,677 14,341
9,373 3,484 3,808 0, /74 4,331
32,726 41,587 36,846 35,224 4,246 1,631 1,707 2,785 2,422 2,148
25, 065 710 29,243 29, 962 3,635 1,499 1,601 2,695 2,345 2,093
7,661 6,877 7,603 5,262 612 132 106 90 77 55
1,395 1)600 1,374 1,444 748 323 404 585 450 441
l) 042 l) 376 1,137 1,217 554 278 380 562 429 417
353 224 238 227 194 45 24 23 ‘ 21 24
557 608 414 510 3,179 1,135 1,038 1,343 1,000 962
322 385 69 66 426 140 164 251 54 44
333 417 290 291 774 255 495 810 406 353
52,952 83,738 50,144 64,542 2,087 754 971 I, 514 950 1,244
»100 159 397 437 299 347
4,184 6,407 3,525 2,821 163 22 15 32 19 12
15,004 20,370 17, 407 23, 852 308 55 56 76 70 82
261 181 89 97 3,411 1,621 461 408 217 223
32 63 44 48 161 55 80 156 140 144
4,164 8,408 5, 385 6,975 267 94 82 140 97 98
10 300 81 133 195 163 230
60 62 51 66 682 159 226 239 198 200
500 84 91 146 118 138
2,399 600 942 1,393 1,206 1,241
37,716 43,120 36,879 38,335 184 66 100 108 91 109
9 S 8 12 ) ( 25 30 24 26 32
[ 825
667 756 595 759 I I 419 517 610 4S0 573
566 778 505 674 1,332 469 691 974 639 756
2,744 3,847 3,801 2,246 f 239 500 625 318
8,392 9)551 9,600 8,528 \ 624 753 810 682
494 351 316 365 384 315
9,172 3,313 4,298 4,373 2,816 3, 646
943 559 602 941 686 1,087
930 1,607 1,188 2,075 254 296 191 322 227 407
302 323 166 380 162 51 90 105 74 123
421 569 526 917 I
60 94 77 106
1,375 | 506 501 928 > 532 212 261
r 134 104 178
I 1,705 1,195 1,789 J \ 286 204 274

Paper base stocks___ ________ — _____ *----------
Pulp woods____________________________ cords- ..
Wood pulp:
Sulphite wood pulp_________ tons of 2,240 lbs..
Rayon and special chemical grades------ do___
Other bleached--------------------------- — do—
Unbleached------------------------
27,556 85,449 187,571 312,605 124,238 112,39D 1,541 4,486 10,273 19,988 9,197 5,469
\ 119, 528 207,589 90,262 f 48,232 y...........- 8,099 15, 529 7,894 / 3,115
J------------
do----------
68,043 105,016 33,976 40,915 i 2,174 4,459 1, 303 1,333
Soda wood pulp--------------------------------- do____ 1,968 1,232 4', 689 7,967 2,729 4,013 iai 73 267 460 181 199
Sulphate wood pulp, unbleached-------------do---- | 6,585 1, 712 1,225 1,972 13,517 / Other wood pulp---------------------------------do----
\ 14,816
8,285
| 337 81 60 99 609
f 470
i 356
Hags for paper stock:
Valued $50 or over per 2,000 lb s.-------1,000 lbs._ } f 11,798 22,364 13, 738 13,098 ] \ 650 1,421 827 840
Valued under $50 per 2,000 lbs----------------do---- )■ 162,821 76,340 ^ 11,656 13,992 8,106 8,842 )■ 2,598 803 { 159 181 108 112
Other paper stock----------------------------- _..do— 1 1 41,272 142, 795 58,233 102,891 J I 451 1,345 373 804
Paper and manufactures_______________________
SO, 3S0 IS, 348 22,474 31, 066 25,902 31,73T
Printing paper:
Newsprint paper----------------------------------1,000 lbs.. 28,750 30,058 29,147 34,089 11,291 26,991 1,213 669 594 961 348 669
Book paper, not coated________________do— 25, 658 17,851 18,096 29,923 18,352 30, 773 1,936 948 998 1, 822 1,125 1,831
Cover paper___________________________ do---- 1,899 1,194 1,349 1, 590 1,803 1, 665 318 161 193 256 257 265
2,970 4,819 7,740 9,041 7,840 9,240 499 926 1,604 1,865 1,631 1,982
Grease proof and waterproof paper-------------do----
Overissue and old newspapers------------------ do__
Wrapping paper, except kraft____________ do—
Kraft wrapping paper---------------------------- do—
Surface-coated paper____________________do—
Tissue and crepe paper---------------------------do—
Toilet paper-------------------- ------------------ do—
Paper towels and napkins_______________ do—
Kraft container board____________ _____-do—
Other box board (paper board and strawboard)
1.000 lbs_
Bristols and bristolboard________________ do—
Other paper board---- ----------- ---------------- do—
Sheathing and building paper------------------do—
Fiber insulating hoard or b a t.......... -1,000 sq. ft.
Wallboard of paper or pulp----------------------do—
Blotting paper— _.....................
Filing folders, index cards, and other office forms
1.000 lb s„
Papeteries (fancy writing paper)--------------- do__
Other writing paper------------------------------- do----
Paper hangings (wallpaper)__________1,000 rolls..
Paper hags_____ _____-...........................1*000 lbs_.
Boxes and cartons:
Heavy fiber shipping containers of corrugated
or solid container hoard............. 1,000 lbs.
Other---------------------------------------------- do...
Envelopes-__—------------------- -------- .do__.
Vulcanized fiber sheets, strips, rods, and tubes
1.000 lbs..
Cash-register and adding-machine paper---- do—
Other paper and paper products----- —---------•-----
5,147 5,666 11,984 23,642 11,655 8,600
56,433 32,321 20,720 23,798 52, 894 50,165 510 223 124 149 361 351
10 162,695 183,115 138,087 193,818 142,' 969 171, 270 101,502 1, 355 933 2,014 946 1,636
J 38,043 31, 529 f I 36,071 3 7 ,1 7 4 30,189 35, 216
5,891 9,196 14, 343 19, 227
| 2,559 1,591 / 1,847 2,192 1,825 2,032
I 250 438 540 633
9,584 6,476 8,413 10,588 8,071 14,152 1,019 699 899 1,146 1,022 1. 494
4,751 4,006 5,342 10,501 11, 365 12, 894 1,050 565 578 1,032 1,080 1,167
6,341 7,084 8, 550 11,519 10,193 10,536 720 612 700 928 831 864
2,987 2,415 3,021 4,051 4,098 5,960 383 231 279 381 374 475
f
1 51,720 46, 948 55,151 69,983 83,221 j 85,484
| 1,426 975 1, 241 1,787 1,947
) 1,752
1 702
1 28,111
j
2,115 1,784 1,803 3, 111 2, 605 2,592 216 126 115 184 196 18S
40,389 26,109 22,469 33,403 39,328 32,948 1,991 946 1,068 1,562 1,496 1,441
16,171 9,091 8,407 14, 652 15,035 13,556 591 257 315 528 576 446
19 46,259 34,699 54,800 61,594 45,143 44,909 mi, 512 989 1,468 1,798 1,374 1,190
46,296 11,403 11,383 12,567 12,801 26,057 1,537 319 311 386 389 893
—1,000 lbs— 3,497 1,680 2,359 2,912 2,068 3,128 414 173 241 300 243 365
1,324 972 1,095 1,246 1,130 1,221 456 324 369 402 381 39$
734 206 285 331 269 281 190 49 60 71 59 63
19, 705 16,746 25,294 36,232 27,308 37, 972 2,288 1,194 1,984 2,988 2,101 2 ,5 2 2
3 3, 227 1,142 1,127 1,497 1,427 1,284 573 125 120 154 154 131
11,049 11,710 13,799 20,321 14,861 18,343 940 668 798 1, 222 945 1,181
| 24,562 10,650 11,302 13, 856 14,970
1 f 10,807
8,565
I 1,645 659 740 914 913
J 435
| 689
2,459 1,053 798 962 961 1,079 423 161 138 173 191 212
5,172 3,145 4,159 5,097 3,791 4,793 1,387 S62 1,168 1,363 1,031 1,247
3,524 4, 589 3,535 4,460 4, 611 5,509 347 350 263 325 340 369
5,006 2,414 3,198 3, 873 3,588 4,473
a loon on]v » Average for years 1929 and 1930. JDReported in thousands; converted to squares on the basis of 800shingles to a square,
s Average for years 1928-30. 11 Average for years 1927-30. 21 Tons of 2,000 pounds, air-dry weight, beginning Jan. 1, 1936.
FOREIGN COMMERCE.
O r
CO

N o . 5 7 5 . — E x p o r t s o f U n i t e d S t a t u s M e r c h a n d i s e , b t C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1 9 2 6 t o 1 9 3 9 — C o n t i n u e d
U l
GKOUF AND ARTICLE
1926-193# 1931-1935
1936
QUANTITY
1937
1938
1939
1926-1930
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1931-1935
1937 1938 1939
Group 5 .— N o n m e t a l l i c m i n e r a l s
Total__
7 0 6 ,9 6 4
316, 867
365,2 6 9
4 9 9 ,3 8 2
490,7 6 1
504,167
Coal and related fuels_______ 1,000 tons of 2,240 lbs.
Coal:
Anthracite..... . ............................................ do...
Bituminous________
do....
Fuel or bunker coal for vessels in foreign trade (not
included in exports)______ 1,000 ions of 2,240 lbs...
Cote...................................................... ............do___ :
Coal and cote briquets__________________do.
Petroleum and products________________________
Petroleum, erode__________1,000 bbls. of 42 gals.
Natural gasoline_______________________ d o ...
Refined oils___________________________ do—
Gasoline:
Aviation gasoline__ ____ ____________ do__.
Other gasoline.................................. .........do___
Naphthas, solvents, and other finished light products....................................
1,000 bbls. of 42 gals..
Mineral spirits________________________ do__
Illuminating oil (kerosene)______________do__
Gas and distillate fuel oil_______________ do__
Besidnal fuel oil_______________________ do___
Fuel or bunker oil for vessels in foreign trade (not
included in exports)_____ 1,000 bbls. of 42 gals..
.Lubricating oil________________________ do..
Bed and pale________________________ do..
Black_______________________________ do__
Cylinder:
B r ig h t stocks_______
do...
Steam refined stocks........................— do...
Lubricating oils, n. e. s ...........................do.21a
In s u la tin g or tra n sfo rm er oils.................do___
L ig h t lubricating oils in small packages
1,000 bbls. of 42gals..
Lubricating greases------------------------- 1,000 lbs..
Liquefied petroleum gases2Ik___________ do___
Paraffin wax..._______ _______________ do___
Unrefined._________________________ do___
Befined_____________________ ______ do___
Petroleum asphalt.____ ______ tons of 2,240 lbs..
Petroleum coke___________ ___________ do-----
22; 239
2 ,9 7 3
1 8 ,3 4 9
4 ,3 5 3
916
10, 927
1 ,2 5 4 |
o, 0 3 4 ;
1 ,S S S
639
2 0 ,0 6 2 3 6 ,4 1 1
111 ,2 7 6
1 1 9 ,8 0 0 I 7 0 ,8 9 6
5 2 ,1 5 4 3 0 ,4 2 5
55
19,945
3 7 ,5 2 9
5 0 ,1 9 8
1 0 ,1 1 7
6 ,2 4 1
833
55
9 ,6 4 7
2 2 ,9 8 2
3 4 ,8 6 8
7 ,7 8 6
4 ,7 3 6
513
2,943 2,491
14
104,129
336,174
78,695
257,478
341,746
102,335
40
7 8 ,0 5 2
240,626
88,535
152,091
204,441
104,200
ii, eio
1,498
9,513
i , m
598
50, 313
1 ,9 0 4
7 1 ,4 0 2
] 2 2 ,7 2 7
1 ,6 8 4
7 0
6 ,7 1 2
1 8 ,6 4 9
1 2 ,9 5 5
3 3 ,4 0 7
8,603
5 ,2 5 2
513
2,798
24
16
88,842
25,931
187,279
66,882
120,390
170,094
111,231
13,9 3 8
1,709
1 1 ,7 3 6
1 ,6 3 5
470
23
6 7 ,1 2 7
3 ,7 3 8
9 3 ,4 6 4
3 0 ,5 2 4
1 ,5 2 0
97
8 ,6 6 4
2 9 ,0 1 1
1 2 ,8 1 0
3 7 ,6 8 8
1 0 ,8 3 9
6,791
614
1 ,7 0 8
1 ,0 3 7
631
32
26
102,002
9,120
231,661
103,967
127,694 I
186,390
146,663 I
11, 520
1,704
9 ,3 6 6
1 ,2 0 8
434
15
7 7 ,2 5 4
6 ,1 1 4
1 0 2 ,1 2 4
4 0 ,2 6 9
1 ,3 2 2
111
7 ,2 6 1
2 8 ,2 9 7
15, 536
3 6 ,0 5 9
9,328
5,485
441
1,528
945
875
29
24
77,285
4,675
201,402
91, 802
109,600
180, 803
138,951
13,199
2 ,3 1 3
1 0 ,3 4 9
1 ,3 1 8
527
11
7 2 ,0 6 4
4 ,1 1 1
1 0 3 ,4 2 8
4 ,0 0 1
32,512
1 ,4 4 4
121
7,994
30,618
14,972
3 7 ,0 3 6
11, 786
7,053
459
2,023
1,009
1,152
39
108,651
13,029
232, 519
102,548
129,971
178,299
255,426
121,800
32, 750
8 2 ,3 0 8
S3, U 6
6 ,7 4 3
5 2 4 ,3 6 4
3 a 236
465,058
2 4 4 ,5 7 7
495
8 4 ,0 4 9
4 2 ,6 0 3
6 2 ,3 4 5
9 3 ,3 3 5
5 1 ,4 3 6
4 ,1 9 4
36,103
1,042
560
5,523
15,077
2,935
12,143
7,424
1,045
51,678
1 2 ,4 8 7
3 5 ,4 5 5
6 ,7 0 9
3 ,7 3 7
2 3 1 ,3 5 2
3 8 ,1 6 9
u 2 ,4 9 8
1 7 6 ,2 3 9
7 2 ,2 8 5
340
22,745
22,867
3 1 ,3 0 6
58,002
32,036
1,994
23,297
388
285
3,387
7,427
2,400
5,027
3,545
587
56,5 7 2 6 7 ,3 5 1
1 3 ,7 7 5
3 8 ,6 0 6
7 ,4 6 3
4 ,1 9 1
2 6 3 ,4 5 0
6 6 ,1 1 9
4 ,2 2 7
179,0 2 6
14, 796
4 8 ,8 2 1
8 ,8 1 0
f 3 ,5 6 8
\ 166
376, 398
9 6 ,4 3 1
9 ,4 6 5
2 5 3 ,4 3 6
■ 5 7 ,1 4 0 8 4 ,9 4 6
5 ,9 1 6
359
14,823
24,112
11,244
3 4 ,2 9 8
6 5 ,433
34,278
2, 563
27,814
282
495
3,901
302
5,962
1,735
4,227
2,835
1,079
6,011
505
20,898
42,858
11,709
43,o45
86,509
46,553
3,625
18,215
9,271
7,808
364
672
4,740
159
7,661
2,952
4,709
3,111
1,396
55,898
14,635
38,305
6 ,5 5 7
3 ,0 3 5
123
3 8 8 ,6 0 6
1 1 1 ,6 4 1
1 3 ,0 5 9
2 4 9 ,6 0 0
1 0 3 ,5 4 4
4 ,0 5 5
543
1 6 ,1 7 1
4 2 ,7 7 0
1 3 ,5 8 6
37, 823
6 8 ,9 3 9
3 5 ,9 7 8
2,211
1 3 ,4 7 0
6 ,5 5 7
9 ,7 2 2
345
655
3,833
106
5,695
2,078
3,617
3,030
1,632
68,674
19,9 2 0
4 2 ,7 7 8
7,131
3 ,8 7 8
98
3 8 3 ,1 2 1
9 2 ,7 9 0
8 ,7 3 9
2 6 2 ,6 0 3
f 2 0 ,1 5 3
1 7 6 ,8 4 4
4 ,3 3 9
649
1 5 ,7 8 7
4 2 ,2 7 2
1 2 ,1 3 3
3 9 ,0 2 6
9 0 ,4 2 7
4 8 ,1 2 1
2 ,0 8 1
1 9 ,1 3 4
6 ,9 9 6
1 2 ,7 9 7
469
828
4,947
168
7,861
3,062
4,799
3,098
2,915
F O R E IG N C O M M E R C E

S t o n e , s a n d , c e m e n t , a n d l i m e ________________________ _________
Marble and other building and monumental stone,
rough or dressed....... —.............. 1,000 cu. ft—
Other manufactures of stone____________________
Gravel and building sand- ..1,000 tons of 2,240 lbs..
Concrete and cement manufactures 35«____________
Standard hydraulic Portland cement-1,000 bblsP .. |
White nonstaining and other special cements >
1,000 bbls ,28..)
Lime_________________________________do.33—
Glass and glass p ro d u c ts -------------------------------------------------
Plate glass_____________________ —1,000 sq. f t- - 1
Cylinder, crown, and sheet glass__________do___/
Laminated glass and manufactures______________
Rolled glass_________________________1,000 sq. ft_
Rolled, cylinder, crown, etc_____________ do_____
Other glass_________ -_______________________
Unfilled glass containers (bottles, vials, and jars):
Beverage bottles________________________ ____
Other glass containers________________________
Tumblers, drinking glasses, and stemware, plain,
cut, or engraved_____________________________
Table glassware, n. e. s_________________________
Lamp chimneys and lantern globes—.1,000 lb s„
Globes and shades for lighting fixtures____ do___
Chemical glassware____________________ do___
Glass electric insulators_________________ do___
Other glassware_______________________________
Clays and clay products__ ______________________
Fire clay__________________ tons of 2,240 lbs__
Other clays____________________________do___
P o t t e r y :
Table and kitchen articles and utensils 2i_ .doz..
Sanitary articles:
Closet bowls and water-closet sets 25__pieces—
Lavatories, sinks, e tc .-.......... ..do___
A l l o t h e r s a n i t a r y f i x t u r e s a n d f i t t i n g s , a n d
parts, n. e. s_____ _____ ________________
Electrical porcelain:
For less than 6,600 volts__________ 1,000 lbs__
For 6,600 volts and over.........................._do___
Other pottery..................... — ..............................
427 84 45 60 32
851
157
1,924 4,007 {
1,662 _______
1,785 ..............
246 174
4,037 1,058
52,714
54,465
5,069
4,637
33,185
66, 526
975
2,844
335
46
4, 575
291
379
113
3,281
323
385
209
288 398
1,609 1,098
58,816
80, 865
69,045
81, 679
*438"
120
132
77
25
'£028
119
215
2,518 3,639
271 630
328 377
78 103
337 464
1,253 1,211
49,789
68,199
51,176
70, 681
40, 595 56, 851 75, 712 106,121
61,438 78,514
15,893 27,494
1,258
2,575
1,835
2,863
64,188 109,463
23,677 29,171
1,419
2, 521
2,025
2,065
}
}
}
1
5,871 1,961 1,572
910 162 129
1,253
637
403
151
427
58
2,854 1,171 887
216 74 71
9, 642 5,715 8,264
610 1,173
I f 1,336
48
536 246 344
3,252 1,587 2,460
1,578 738 1,364
328 74 122
637 251 338
216 152 22S
358 63 89
2,127 1,431 1,934
9,738 5,109 7,472
469 302 437
898 1,069 1,407
174 75 98
if 724 248 454
f 193
1,065 243
I 163
701 143 185
772 389 356
1, 019 297 459
2. 083 1,903 3,191
145 142 134
632 282 366
80 30 32
58 32 70
f 811 1,827
1,045 \{ 484 525
123 122 236
9,784 8, 332 10,422
984 791 1,106
53 36 70
87 38 49
104 59 69
66 41 55
159 218 301
3,321
/ 1,243 1,305
1 1,654 2,149
1, 750
I f 1,125
454 518
1,445
200 81 104
373 324 369
280 257 329
87 88 89
2,321 1,924 2,463
9, 859 7,835 9,565
530 389 419
1,419 1,177 1,454
137 166 209
656 583 907
372 393 407
267 159 233
297 254 289
441 424 326
535 509 398
10 Average for years 1929 and 1930. sl= Included under “ Other manufactures of stone” prior to 1937. 34 Table, toilet, and kitchen ware prior to Jan. 1,1936.
11 Average for years 1932-35. 23 Of 370 pounds. 23 Of 200 pounds. 36 Water-closet sets prior to 1936.
»Included under the various classes of lubricating oil, principally cylinder, prior to 1937.
31b Liquefied petroleum gases included in “ Other gases, n. e. s.,n Group 8, p. 568, prior to 1936.
FOREIGN COMMERCE. 545

N o . 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o p U n it e d St a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , i t C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
g r o u p a n d a r t i c l e
G r o u p 5.— N o n m e t a l l ic m in e r a l s —Continued
Clays and. clay products—Continued.
Firebrick:
Fire-clay brick:
Standard 9-inch series__________ thousands.
All other shapes____________—.....d o _____ 27,937
Silica brick:
Standard 9-inch series________________do__
All other shapes____________________ do__
Chrome brick and shapes___________1,000 lbs..
Magnesite brick and shapes____________ do__
Other firebrick_______________________ do___
All other brick_____________ _____ thousands— 14,211
Wall and floor tiles________________ 1,000 sq. ft— 3,243
High-temperature cements________________ 1,000 lb s„ m 5,265
O ther terra-cotta and ceramic manufactures___
Other nonmetallic minerals, including precious____
Abrasives_________________________________
Wheels of emery and corundum_____ 1,000 lbs.
Grindstones_________________________ do__
Other natural abrasives, hones, whetstones, etc.
1,000 lbs.
Artificial abrasives, crude or in grains___ do___
Wheels of artificial abrasives___________ do___
Abrasive paper and cloth________ 1,000 reams—
Steel wool_______________________ 1,000 lbs—
Other artificial abrasives, bones, whetstones,
etc................................................. l.OOGlbs.-
Asbestos:
Unmanufactured___________ tons of 2,240 lbs—
Paper, millboard, and roll board____ 1,000 lbs..
Pipe covering and cement_____________ do___
Textiles and yam ____________________ do—
Packing____________________________ do___
Brake lining:
Molded and semimolded__________________
Not molded__________________ 1,000 lin. ft—
Clutch facing.__________________ thousands—
Other manufactures, except roofing__1,000 lbs..
Asphalt and bitumen, natural:
Unmanufactured___________ tons of 2,240 lbs—
Manufactures, except roofing.............. 1,000 lbs..
Graphite, naturalS6........................................ do.
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
704
9,416
8,630
14, 650
5,530
»260
6,634
668
1,722
5,519
1, 655
3,570
31,157
53,289
3,734
9,218
4,096
1,180
2,316
3,447
539
4,113
312
3,678
7,579
16,250
2, 569
107
3,200
1,307
1,095
2,323
1,176
2,014
1,761
14,209
20,062
2,248
12,823
8,402
2, 673
3, 075
3,980
14,851
22, 725
3,157
671
5,826
317
4,959
9,142
28,601
5,117
122
5,765
3,343
1,260
3,330
1,329
1,963
317
2,709
12,715
28,361
1,632
15,426
11,503
4,259
5,652
5, 548
19, 564
28,841
2, 748
886
7,872
373
6,181
37,131
42,138
6,003
137
1,887
5,671
2, 682
1,739
4,768
165
1,359
1,634
500
3,777
16,549
32,251
3,029
9,815
7,388
2,702
2, 778
2,671
16,034
27,667
2,469
650
6, 916
281
3,648
38,941
24,695
4,135
107
2,240
1,872
2,482
1,449
2,286
180
950
924
448
3,186
12,095
28,322
1,965
15,080
10,157
3,276
2,785
5,742
22,927
31,417
2,078
1,371
10,616
313
4,894
52,668
33,594
4,948
131
2,686
2,065
2,208
1,638
4,426
418
1,383
326
4,629
12,307
30,478
1,951
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1936-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938
825
2,707
311
430
w 188
35, 549
7,738
246
481
396
940
1,992
2,947
736
137
141
331
1,147
413
877
1,079
438
408
377
76
220
90
153
175
124
21,072
4,197
124
115
209
1,052
948
1, 269
480
98
95
124
572
509
352
166
5 6 5
356
218
645
657
165
301
104
628
661
76
140
206
135
27, 938
6,184
124
141
277
1,664
1,842
1,468
310
110
134
677 {
671
277
77
217
528
628
115
869
980
250
588
150
807
807
98
193
269
195
33, 907
8,272
140
193
827
2,488
2,276
1,633
309
406
254
184
197
44
745
722
251
141
324
720
753
163
541
745
171
279
79
681
707
77
140
234
128
28,187
6,330
116
123
1, 569
1,722
1,332
345
286
289
100
129
52
559
177
134
293
5 4 4
7 9 5
112
787
925
219
234
159
931
876
59
268
325
241
31,193
7,831
125
174
1,117
2, 356
1,795
1,558
413
293
219
123
252
143
823
715
178
129
399
577
902
110
546 FOREIGN COMMERCE

Carbon and graphite products:
Electrodes for furnace or electrolytic work
1,000 lbs..
Brushes and stock.................................. ....
Lighting carbons________________ thousands..
Other, n. e. s_____________________________
Bock wool and other semi-rigid and “fill” insulating
materials_______ —'______________
Gypsum, crude, and calcined------------------ tons..
Plaster of paris manufactures------------- —
Mica and manufactures______________ 1000 Ibs__
Sulphur:
Crude_____________________tons of 2,240 Ibs_.
Refined, sublimed, and flowers______1,000 lbs.
Magnesia and manufactures-------------------- do—
Salt______ ;___________________________do.
Talc, crude, in bulk___________ tons of 2,240 Ibs.
Other nonmetaliic mineral products___________
Precious, synthetic, and imitation stones, including
pearls___ _________________________________
G b o u p 6.— M e t a l s a n d m a n t j p a c t u b e s , e x c e p t
MACHTNEBY AND VEHICLES
Total___________________________________
Iron ore__________________ 1,000 tons of 2,240 lbs.
Iron and steel semimanufactures_______________
Pig iron, not containing alloys__tons of 2,240 lbs__
Iron mid steel scrap____________________ do-----
Tin-plate scrap and waste—waste tin plate-.do----
Steel ingots, blooms, billets, slabs, sheet bars, and
tin-plate bars:
N o t containing alloy________ tons of 2,240 lbs_.
Alloy steel, including stainless_________ do—
Iron and steel bars and rods:
Iron bars_________________________1,000 lbs.
Concrete reinforcement bars___________do—.
Other steel bars:
Cold finished______________________do-----
Not containing alloy------------------------ do..
Stainless steel________
do_.
Alloy steel other than stainless_______ do___
Wire rods__________________
Iron and steel plates, sheets, skelp, and strips:
Boiler plate.______ _______________ 1,000lbs..
Other plates not fabricated:
Not containing alloy________________ do..
Stainless steel__— —_____________ — ■do..
Alloy steel other than stainless------------do.
Skelp iron or steel__________________ ...do.
14,976
3,955
699,957
32,679
6,214
255,134
44,182
355,178
20,771
9,932
322,533
do____ 70,078
24,488
307,326
254,483
13,654
3,593
438,442
22,043
1,983
194,019
s 9,782
3,999
1,015,236
14,424
2,021
83,996
50,912
2,274
63,399
101,710
22,771
2.955
547,199
44,145
2,101
153,948
5.955
645
5,316
1,877,136
L 58,996
21,400
2,261
8,047
116,621
78,113
7,854
206,860
157,253
29,005
7,686
6,807
3,590
675,297
30,314
3,134
140,222
7,927
1,264
782,436
i, 048,102
53,447
331,508
7,214
4,972
40,095
’j.296,839
498
14,333
134,419
23,409
831,391
325
11,350
171,311
25,163
7,476
5,961
3,544
579,107
28,463
3,202
134,995
6,355
432,851
2,974,375
24,216
159,883
7,75S
2,934
58,475
14,450
243,647
1,219
17,138
49,914
15,128
472,573
622
6,959
133,698
18,724
"~8,~575’
11,835
3,''654"
627,819
56,012
2,966
248,545
8,078
1,057
177.024
3,558,551
25,888
167,171
48,607
1,9
105,851
25,493
300,493
663
32, 750
70,448
20,783
543,273
343
4,735
182,922
fi Average for years 1933-35. 19 Average for years 1929 and 1930.
26 Includes graphite, refined and manufactures, if any, prior to 1936 and crucibles for years 1932 to 1935.
1, 980 1,532 2,705 3,444 3,060 2,069
J 176 277 191 297
1,112 726
j} 731
f 288 277 360
1 452 358 494
126 185
828 194 J \ 108 88 90 111
148 183 193 199
252 173 170 217 184 226
14,312 8, 568 10,147 12,155 10,379 10,772
538 366 747 509 470 910
367 154 174 273 254 309
1,104 609 464 515 470 611
1,772 1,438 f 115
I 1,961
150
2,001
124
1,547
162
1,935
81 62 365 586 342 164
462, 501 151,077 233,928 501,781 363,027 462. 581
3, 823 1, 336 1, 963 4,039 1,954 3, 578
90,192
808
37,961
92
79, 845
119
232,149
19,403
182,471
7,135
169,123
3,436
5,097 10,565
/ 21,766
\ 2,918
76,563
2,824
44,927
903
64,790
1,121
846 607
f 13,048 5,481 6,029
398
{ 344 424 2,095
353 78 94 192 101 89
161 1,073 1,367 2,267
9,148 2,234
fj 8,651
f 628 966
\ 3,214
\ 6,380 8,031
1 115 307 202
J I 1,322 1.558 3,697
1,518 863 1,328 3,263 1,112 1,330
508 62 209 717 461 536
[ 20,320 10,482 11,113
7,073 1,269 4,253 i 117
148 96
1 352 253 271
4,844 1,669 2,279 3,507 2,465 3,360
JiAverage for years 1927-30.
FOREIGN COMMERCE,
OT

N o . 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o f U n it e d St a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939
C o n tin u e d
GROUP AND ARTICLE
1926-1930
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS
1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1939 1931-1935 1936 1937 1936 1939
G r o u p 6.—M e t a l s a n d m a n u f a c t u r e s —Con.
Iron and steel semimanufactures—Continued.
Iron and steel plates, etc.—Continued.
Iron or steel shoots, galvanized_____ 1,000 lb s... 326,161
Iron sheets, galvanized_______________ do__ 314,038
Steel sheets, galvanized______________ do__ 3195,369
Steel sheets, black, ungalvanized:
Not containing alloy_________________ do__|
Stainless steel______________________ do..-- > 366, 943
Alloy steel, other than stainless_______-do__J
Iron sheets, black_____________________ do__ 35, 851
Strip, hoop, band, and scroll iron or steel:
Cold rolled:
Not containing alloy................. -..........do— ]
Stainlessst.ee!_____________________ do-----> 32,284
Alloy steel, other than stainless______do-----J
Hot rolled:
Not containing alloy---------------------- do------]
Stainless steel_____________________do-----> 83,449
Alloy steel, other than stainless______ do-----J
Tin plate and taggers’tin................ do------\
Terneplate, including long temes.............--do-----/
Steel-mill products—Manufactures_______________
Structural iron and steel:
Water, oil, gas, and other tanks, complete, and
knocked down material for________ 1,000 lbs..
Structural shapes:
Not fabricated-— ___ _____tons of 2,240 lbs_.
Fabrieated________________________do—
Plates fabricated, punched, or shaped—1,000 lbs—
Metal lath__________________________do-----
Sash and frames of iron or steel________-do—
Sheet piling__ _____ ________________ do—
Hallway track material:
Rails___________ __________tons of 2,240 lbs..
60 pounds and over per yard 27_............. do-----
Less than 60 pounds per yard 27_........... do-----
Relaying rails___ ____
— do-----
Rail joints, splice bars, fishplates, and tie-plates
1.000 lbs_.
Switches, frogs, and crossings.................... do—
Railroad spihes______________________do-----
Railroad bolts, nuts, washers, and nut locks
1.000 lb s -
}
550,948
3 45,89S
187, 406
44,727
12,875
11,394
90,833
159,463
141,336
18,126
48,330
13,163
9,701
4,525
123,576 141,580 181,482 170,323 248,568 14,422 3,959 4,689 7,470 7,020 9,595
4, 575 3,923 12,436 8,268 14,645 3 812 238 176 605 398 649
119,001 137, 657 169,046 162,055 233,923 3 7,986 3,721 4,513 6, 865 6,623 8,945
f 628, 098 449, 395 591, 628 ) f 22,464 15,155 18,456
160, 665 313, 954 \ 3,090 2,893 2,451 > 12,922 4,960 10,003 1 1,019 948 814
I 10,594 7,536 8, 537 [ 530
9,069 15,600 24’, 164 16,948 23, 404 1,603 297 455 935 615 812
f 78,758 55,425 56,228 1 f 3,239 2,296 2,228
25,443 50, 767 1 1,210 1, 063 1, 497 > 1,258 895 1,924 4 350 308 378
I 1,396 653 1,059 ) [ 261 110 206
f 166, 419 82, 412 139, 453 I f 4,009 2,380 3, 582
37, 371 87,911 < 228 320 681 ^ 2,402 886 2,073 \ 63 66 118
1 1,155 240 336 I I 58 24 41
241, 215 f 527,705
\ 7,387
796,385
11,544
352,089
9,842
684,377
12, 299
}■ 27,388 9,732
f 23,511
\ 242
39,448
492
18,589
489
32,515
518
80, 475 24, 970 32, 014 67,937 51, 771 66, 552
15,727 48, 326 99,856 84, 516 64,366 3 2,387 599 1,733 3, 551 3,284 2,647
37,146 62, 077 135,706 83, 691 115,465 8,376 1,476 2,584 6,984 4, 507 5,549
16,109 20,914 39,129 38, 057 37,154 4,169 1,296 1, 724 3,912 3,666 3,506
3,679 7, 659 56,495 5,259 15, Oil 381 93 205 1, 507 219 506
3,068 2.097 3,923 1,933 3, 710 800 194 161 287 160 303
/ 1,948 3,843 3,169 2, 658 f 144 284 311 339
10, 787 } 3,407 \ 6,343 16i 749 7,827 17,229 \ 130 465 209 458
41,348 73,455 148,182 82, 721 59,092 6, 053 1,304 2,085 5,167 3,112 2,375
36,963 67, 568 110,639 45, 919 35, 605 5,399 1,164 1, 902 4, 111 2,135 1,676
4, 385 10,126 4,390 6.575 654 140 183 385 161 262
27,417 32,412 16, 912 670 816 437
14,535 17,890 32,663 16,449 19,744 1,461 379 426 965 444 619
2,669 3,893 5,723 3,685 4, 501 1,020 192 295 467 326 366
4,461 5,338 6,883 5,837 7,870 303 135 134 219 187 254
1,893 1, 782 2,490 2,769 4,369 284 120 91 184 148 222

Tubular products and fittings:
Boiler tubes:
Seamless......................... ......
Casing and oil-line pipe:
Seamless........................
-do.
Seamless black pipe, other than casing and online__________________________
1,000 lbs_.
Welded black pipe:
Steel-_____ _______ ________________do....
Wrought iron............ ..........................—do__
Welded galvanized pipe:
Steel______________ _______________do___
Wrought iron___ ______ _______ ____do—
Malleable iron screwed pij>e fittings------- do___
Cast-iron screwed pipe fittings____ ____-do___
Cast-iron pressure pipe and fittings_____ do___
Cast-iron soil t>ipe and fittings_________ do___
All other pipe'and fittings n. e. s.,B______do.
Wire and manufactures:
Plain iron or steel wire________________do.
Galvanized wire_____________________ do.
Barbed wire_________________________do.
Woven-wire fencing__________________ do.
Woven-wire screen cloth______________ do.
Wire rope and cable not insulated______ do.
Wire strand_________________________do.
Electric welding rods...............................do.. _
Other wire and manufactures.....................do___
Hails and bolts (exoept railroad):
Wire nails__________________________ do..
Horseshoe nails......................................— do..
Tacks (except thum b tacks).—------------- do..
Other nails, including staples__________ do___
Bolts, machine screws, nuts, rivets, and washers,
except railroad______________ 1,000 lbs..
Castings and forgings:
Grey-iron castings—....................... ........... do__
Malleable-iron castings_______________ do__
Steel castings:
Not containing alloy.......... .....................do__
Alloy steel, including stainless................do___
Car wheels, tires, and axles................ —
Horseshoes and calks_____ _____ _____ do___
Iron and steel forgings n. e. s---------- ------- do__ *
y 38,577 / 12,576
1 1,561
| 234,593 / 59,127
1 12,233
} 184,237
} 89,705
25,006
20,564
27,299
30,243
” 4,142
f 41,931
t 4,825
/ 44,702
\ 2,448
6,780
3,916
20,510
9,811
» 716
15,571
975
57,647
5,991
8,790
24,883
6,118
23,064
2,463
8,192
4,659
26,723
13,310
2,514
37,009 23,858 56,469
45,820 29,926 49, 607
115,235 60, 612 76,254
10,678 3,626 5,823
4,200 1,893 2, 537
y 11,732 5,827 7,293
y 22,260 9,304 12,009
25,866
2,193
1,643
15,146
22,838
1,499
1,020
6,349
17,471
1,650
727
4,996
29,163 10,199 15,151
} 22,495 12,574 15,843
y 19,928 4,642 7,350
d o .._ 38,885 17,375 18, 592
l t 041 345 269
17,811 11,087 8,643
37,575
1,531
168,063
18,934
1 27,959
48,047
9,909
41,147
4,903
12,062
6,640
46,169
17,025
2,195
74, 235
51,427
75,789
7,080
3,558
14, 644
2,881
20,345
38,993
2,183
913
6,946
25,011
11, 908
9, 549
5,033
3,694
62,220
400
22,665
* 1930 only. 11 Average for years 1932-35.
50 pounds instead of 60 pounds prior to 1936. Bata for relaying rails included prior to 193
** “Riveted steel or iron pipe and fittings” only prior to 1939.
17,527
671
112,185
30, 510
16, 708
24,096
6,769
32,787
6,197
6,949
4,235
44,900
22,303
2,117
53,940
57, 774
76, 030
4,960
2, 972
8,036
1,757
2,649
14,026
46,413
1,990
588
9,151
18,048
8,768
2,773
2r 907
2,585
46, 901
231
20,36G

31, 880 } 2,149
/ 753 1,278 2,702 1,489
2,300 \ 82 59 83 52
175,003 } 10,377
r 2.720 2,543 7,529 5,889
21,904 i 432 217 774 1,028
22,890 ii 245 586 1,507 1, 287
43, 719 f 1,380 892 2,077 1,054
9,945 { 233 300 441 354
65,463 } 3,863
f 1,604 869 1, 775 1,441
9,348 1 123 120 246 322
10,323 3,343 912 1,029 1, 597 1,089
5,297 1,725 365 552 753 506
71, 243 1,173 480 701 1,093 1,312
26,830 1,019 314 361 498 657
16, 966 ii 55 150 137 189
72, 206 1,634 716 1, 601 2, 837 1,830
63, 301 1,315 739 1,305 1,975 1,946
119,443 3,310 1,423 1,901 2, 593 2,457
7,549 586 166 276 390 250

N o . 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o f U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : .1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
GROUP AND ARTICLE
G r o u p 6 . — M e t a l s a n d m a n u f a c t u r e s — Con.
Iron and steel, advanced manufactures_________
Cutlery____________________________________
Razors, safety..................... ................ 1,000 doz__
Safety-razor blades_______________
Scissors, shears, and snips______________ doz..
Table cutlery, including forks 99____ 1,000 doz._
Butchers’ and kitchen knives, forks, cleavers,
mid steels 29____________________1,000 doz_.
Other cutlery and parts____________________
Hollow ware:
Tin and galvanized hollow ware_____1,000 lbs__
Tin cans, finished or unfinished________ do___
Enameled ware of iron or steel:
Bathtubs________________________ number—
Lavatories, sinks and other plumbing fixtures
number..
Table, household, kitchen, and hospital utensils,
and hollow or flat ware_______1,000 lbs__
M etal furniture and fixtures:
• Sheet-metal lockers and storage cabinets number..
Sheet-metal shelving and wall bins.......................
Sheet-metal filing cases, not insulated..num ber..
Sheet-metal cabinets, insulated................ do___
Safes________________________________do___
Bank andsafety deposit vaults and equipment.._
Other office furniture and fixtures____________
Metal beds and bedsprings................ .num berother
metal furniture______________________
Stoves and furnaces, except electric:
Coal and wood cooking stoves and ranges
num ber..
Gas stoves, ranges, and water heaters____do___
Kerosene cooking stoves and heaters____ do___
*Gasoline cooking stoves and heaters--------do___
' Barts of stoves, ranges, and heaters__________
House-heating boilers, furnaces, and radiators...
Oil burners and parts_______________________
Domestic_______________________ num ber..
Industrial. _ ______________
O ther domestic cooking or heating equipm ent29
1926-1930 1931-1935
374
do________ 10,690
31,112
397
I
do-------
74
3,010
11,409
6,495 3,079
10,061 7,427
18,427
52,164 22,724
» 2,814 926
59,295
} 18,236
169,875
12,073
43,061
} 141,164 {
6,923
'l5~902“
5,385 |
62,465
3,049
9,909
45,405
6,242
« 3,751
u 1,429
QUANTITY
V A L U E I N T H O U S A N D S O F D O L L A R S
1936 1937 193S 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1933 1939
78,177 27,160 87,948 52,074 43,299 49,842
9,687 2,278 2,598 3,017 2,488 3,135
41 68 62 61 662 148 96 155 152 134
3,891 5,651 6,650 7,471 6, SIS 924 735 819 863 991
19,041 21, 586 21,118 29,108 144 83 141 178 158 154
94 95 109 126 f 85 98 108 127
)■ 538 134 ■i
69 97 63 93 1 1 123 177 107 161
1,526 984 1,418 1,591 1,081 1,567
3,577 4,662 3,878 4,565 802 335 429 594 507 576
9,831 16, 648 15,003 18,436 1,103 821 1,118 1,728 1,641 1,957
11,885 18,946 13,927 18,221 641 170 313 518 421 511
37, 560 44,170 36,256 57,196 601 186 343 423 402 571
1,755 1,524 1,441 2,307 549 162 290 283 278 409
12,467 22,781 23,240 31,869 67 123 213 228 240
54 80 133 143 121
25, 521 32, 511 25, 811 29,031 1,974 395 555 741 614 676
4,676 5, 624 4,683 3,387 f 275 289 282 215
3,949 5, 551 4,275 6,488 \ 215 326 251 382
526 274 183 454 51 76
941 254 371 672 817 796
69,228 89,602 76,288 88,810 1,419 396 431 559 502 559
1,446 218 545 645 613 691
7,995 8,642 4,259 7,292 318 71 145 169 109 118
20,846 29,041 23,466 31,673 857 189 445 650 573 750
56,394 71,550 78, 731 89,814 1 i oin f 367 433 619 794 821
7,500 “ 5,763 5,753 4,968 j L \ 50 72 67 62 61
965 461 557 663 622 591
f 323 332 534 434 279
I 1, 171 1,209 1,306 1,126 1,085
4, 648 6,329 5,746 4,990 n 593 624 789 700 544
1,027 1,440 1,407 2,290 n 239 183 239 208 299
u 252 402 277 218 242
44 66 83 60 4 467
Ox
OT
o
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Axes (broad and band)................................1,000 doz._
Hacksaw blades------------------ 1,000 gross..
Circular, steel band, pit, drag, and mill saws
number___
Crosscut, hand, hack, and other saws, n. e. s-------
Augers, bits, gimlets, gimlet bits, and counter
sinks, woodworking 29fc______________ „doz._
Piles and rasps:
Less than 7 inches in length______ 1,000 doz.. 1
7 inches or more in length------------ ------do-----/
Hammers and hatchets_______________ do-----
Hand hoes, rakes, and forks *°__________do----
H ay and manure forks_____ .__________ do-------
Shovels, spades, scoops, and drainage tools51
1.000 doz__
Vises32_________________________thousands..
Automotive wrenches and parts_______________
Other wrenches and parts (except automotive)----
Drills, reamers, and counter sinks, metal cutting32*______
_____________________________
Taps, dies, screw plates, and pipe stocks________
Mechanics’ and other hand tools, n. e. s_.. — ........
Hardware____________________________________
. Padlocks________________________1,000 doz..
Door locks and lock sets_______________do-----
Cabinet and other locks_______________do—
Hinges and butts, iron or steel__1,000 doz. prs__
Other builders’ hardware_____________________
Furniture hardware_________________________
Saddlery and harness hardware__________ ____ _
Car and marine hardware____________________
Other hardware............... ............. ........................... .
91
253
42
144
83,277 27,543
199
64
164
594
Sewing machine needles... _____ thousands., l
Other needles, inch hand_______________ do— /
Sprocket and other power transmission chains
1.000 lbs._ 5,710
Other chains___ ______________________ do----- 9,627
Automatic scales (except coin operated) ..num ber.. 12,935
Other scales and balances n. e. s__________do----- 115, 384
Wood screws_____________________ 1,000 gross.. 7,427
Metal drums and containers for oil, gas, and
other liquids________________________________
Other iron and steel manufactures_______________
10 Average for years 1929 and 1930,
u Average for yearn 1932-35.
13 Average for years 1927-30.
33 Table and kitchen cutlery prior to 1936,
1,377
64
28
54
92
63,120 31,426 {
2,506
2,762
16,084
46,714
1,257
70
172
38,474
54,354
1,667 |
49 1
23
21
28
29
129
27
62
116
32,331
10,244
4,300
3,736
63,430
62,819
335
99 49
198 104
37, 691
67,768
1,434
856
75
31
35
33
37
188
48
56
147
39,355
41,123
1,031
585
42
20
6
30
30
136
32
42
110
18,787 16,680
19,584 12,815
5,222
7,439
86, 626
70, 569
5Q8
3,196
75,550
59, 254
237
65
166
6 4 ,3 8 1
1,333
798
58
31
11
38
53
230
40
53
135
22, 900
20,175
3,958
4,803
92,113
45,628
294
"Cast-iron parts of stoves and furnaces” only prior to 1939,
“Augers and hits” only prior to 1939.
*° Hand hoes and rakes prior to 1936.
17,907 6,776 10,945 15,373 11,539 14,906
979 377 594 868 477 607
f 696 879 1, 067 648 1,002
1,980 | i / 115 138 150 236
I ) 244 I 408 541 428 515
271 87 161 196 134 186
2,678 1,444 1,840 f 1,112 831 1,099
\ 1,362 988 1,411
333 111 254 372 232 304
131 60 111 142 115 158
110 190 38 70
353 126 226 276 248 317
203 47 111 157 115 159
315 198 422 642 447 459
i®879 280 569 759 568 722
23 757 319 612 1,014 747 1,199
23 1,559 446 949 1,309 813 1,006
8,649 2,340 3, 585 5,225 4,560 5,454
8,454 2,784 3, 555 4,842 3,712 4,672
487 184 320 454 370 568
540 225 213 327 264 331
343 114 114 140 117 121
533 122 158 202 173 222
1,671 567 608 901 734 908
404 128 234 295 254 310
194 72 121 128 85 104
240 65 105 136 142 132
4 ,0 4 2 1,257 1,681 2,260 3, 572 1,975
f 491 338 323 450
760 393
{ 113 180 123 182
1,265 619 923 1,186 8 02 1,002
1,278 311 . 4X7 696 510 597
942 320 399 504 457 436
1, 243 329 602 883 629 703
807 164 51 77 45 53
19,443
f 2,802 2,977 4,415 3,742 4,073
I 4,116 6,349 8,895 8,419 7,682
Shovels and spades prior to 1936.
3S Vises and clamps prior to 1928,
32a “Drills and reamers” only prior to 1939.
EOKEIGH COMMERCE. 551

N o . 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o f U n it e d St a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
©B0UP AND A R T I C L E
Group 6.—M e t a l s a n d m a n u f a c t u r e s—Con.
Ferro-alloys----.-----------------------------------------------
Ferromanganese and spiegeleisen_tons of 2,240 lbs_.
Other ferro-alloy?---- -----------------
Tungsten metal, wire, shapes, and other alloys *•
pounds—
Molybdenum ore and concentrates.........1,000lb s..
Other ores and nonferrous metals and alloys,
rue. s., used in the manufacture of iron and steel
1,000 lbs..
BTonferrons metals, except precious____ ___________
Aluminum
Bauxite and other aluminum ores
tons of 2,240 lbs
Bauxite concentrates...................................do,.,
Ingots, scrap, and alloys_____ ______ 1,000lbs.
Plates, sheets, bars, strips, and rods_____do___
Tubes, moldings, eastings, and other shapes
1,000 lbs..
Table, kitchen, and hospital utensils____do.
Aluminum foil.............................................do.
Other aluminum manufactures.......................
Copper__ -______________________ 1,000 lbs.3i.
Ores, concentrates, composition metal, and unrefined
copper (copper content)............ 1,000lbs..
Refined copper in ingots, bars, or other forms
1,000 lb s„
Insulated copper wire and cable:
Rubber-covered wire______
_______ do___
Other insulated copper wire__ _______ do___
Other copper manufactures.__
Brass and bronze..
Scrap and old_____________ _______ 1,000lbs_.
Ingots_____ . . . ___ ___________________ d o ...
Bars and rods..,—. . . _____________ ____do___
Plates and sheets................. .................. do.
Pipes and tu b es........---___ . . . . . ----- -do.
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936
3,907
do____
39,795
8,874
112,133
1,545
12,905
1,796
983,840
4,458
828,927
38,366
3,218
7,090
66,192
14,325
21,264
65,962
2,926
1,696
4,236
348
750, 731
18,555
54,502
4,469
967
810
493,817
25,342
384,544
34,849
1,351
4,808
30,120
3,620
2,666
1,558
369
4,091
40,760
347
1,388
483
1,458
QUANTITY
466
2,482
103,877
34,262
56, 227
28,244
954
652
902
555
524,834
440,781
26,447
1,696
2,220
31,402
4,291
5,129
1,799
24,679
350
1,814
549
1,391
1937
1,725
2,780
449,307
69,122
83,745
39,446
4,719
664
589
766
423
700,633
8,175
590,127
41,828
2,183
2,771
30,664
9,390
7,705
2,615
336
4,838
37,103
478
16,023
871
2,722
1938
247
1,197
256,185
58.132
43,759
13,967
9,670
2,948
576
672
145
844,027
2,004
741,091
43,621
1,645
1,100
29,356
10,724
6,055
2,598
5,833
31,977
236
2,311
1,099
1,385
1939
2,923
4,042
195,002
43,554
22,509
45,168
6,467
57,199
17,017
1,370
538
1,133
855,158
124
745,555
35,286
3,140
1,685
47,258
5,876
2,644
6,330
10,677
1,626
9,092
2,234
2,238
1926-1930 1931-1935
942
109
205, 701
11, 640
] 5,091
305
3,182
581
601
1,878
149,999
572
123,015
4,744
834
1,425
10,467
2,521
5,123
1,298
15, 862
6,461
547
400
1,052
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
2,016
13
491
1,511
56,622
8,686
1,670
523
276
321
277
1,701
29,695
2,455
261
548
2,783
399
556
219
60
5,218
2,146
31
203
97
253
1936 1937 1938 1939
3,205 12,473 14,161 19,252
27 73 19 248
807 2,202 1,172 1,025
615 867 563 785
14,067
1,757 9, 332 12,407
3,128
76,217
8,932
129,244
6,400
117,663
6,944
151,919
24; 823
748 1,018 530 579
1,575 2,439 930 539
130
252
967
293
1,861
2,051
11,694
9,198
318 279 314 977
301 412 364 302
/ 121 67 488
I 870 827 1,045
50, B63 93,626 66,809 97,195
469 892 172 25
40,702 76,684 74,063 82,233
2,233 4,571 3,575 3,376
353 547 355 747
367 584 224 353
3,175 4,114 3,127 5,489
490 1,522 1,286 998
1,105 2,047 1,390 1,303
270 474 399 413
54 74
859 1,266
} 1,529 1.385
586 852 689 864
5,667 11,467 7,945 8,918
1,564 3,199 2,295 743
33 71 24 230
312 2,268 411 1,183
117 235 242 534
300 706 311 600
ox
o \
bO
FOREIGN COMMERCE,

2G770G
CO
Pipe fittings and valves_______ —_____ do___
Plumbers' brass goods______ -_________do___
Wire of brass or bronze________________do___
Brass wood screws—______ 1,000 gross..
Hinges and butts of brass or bronze___doz. prs..
Other hardware of brass or bronze____________
Other brass and bronze manufactures_________
lead_______________________________________
In pigs, bars, etc__________________ 1,000 lbs..
Sheets and pipes_____________________ do-----
Solder______________________________do-----
Other lead manufactures______________ do—
Nickel:
Nickel, Monel metal, and alloys________do___
Manufactures_____________________________
Tin and manufactures________________________
Zinc_________________________________________
Ore, concentrates, and dross________ 1,000 lbs..
Oast in slabs, plates, blocks, or pigs_____do-----
Polled in sheets, strips, etc____________ do-----
B ust_______________________________do-----
Other zinc manufactures----------------------do-----
Nickel silver, or German silver, crude, scrap, e tc .
1,000 lbs..
Babbitt metal________________________ do-----
Nickel chrome electric resistance wire_____do—1. ..
Quicksilver or mercury_________________ do------ I
Other metals and alloys in primary forms__do---- )
Plated ware, other than gold or silver except
cutlery______________________ _____________ _
Type_____________________________ 1,000 lbs..
Other metal and metal composition manufactures,
n. e. s„------------------------------- ------------------------
precious metals and plated ware, except jewelry,
and gold and silver in ore, bullion, and coin---------
Platinum:
Ingots, sheets, wire, alloys, and scrap-ozs. (troy)—
Manufactures, except jewelry....................do___
Tableware, including cutlery:
Starling and other solid silverware and gold
plated w are............... -.......................... ................
Silver plated_______________________________
Gold manufactures, n. e. s---------------------------------
Silver manufactures, n. e. s............................. .............
3,709 1,250 1,905 2,697 1,971 2,541 2,005 703 1,062 1,707 1,257 1,572
836 568 930 1,275 997 1 ,4 4 4 476 293 480 679 576 802
1, 344 500 565 656 367 1 ,3 5 6 439 122 141 186 104 336
12 556 112 81 101 60 123 12152 28 31 48 24 44
28,976 13,192 17, 510 32, 268 22,663 25,389 } 781
1 31 48 76 58 75
I 231 296 368 249 277
3,579 1, 079 1 ,283 1,927 2, 394 2,622
10,305 1,185 2,078 2,7B2 3,938 5, 550
171,098 32, 246 36, 627 40,181
f 711 1,536
} 91.733
f 148,784 8,599 768 1,390 1,838
( 2,055 |
( 52 117
13,624 I 1,054 1,021 911 1,669 f 1,706 418 { 232 296 221 386
[ 404 531 360 503
}■ 3,355
/ 4,547
\ 113
2,353 2,675 6,877 7,633 11,877 18,979 847 908 3,060 2,685 2,897 5,076
959 643 3,635 2,465 607 496
2,155 524 1,295 2,533 2,065 1,098
6, 564 1,135 1,290 1,877 1, 521 2,312
67,708 2,186 490 628 270 605 1,573 48 6 10 6 11
53,083 5,993 74 497 J- 11,471 f 9,030 3,543 155 5 26 } 903
/ 479
8,808 6,893 8, 966 11,626 t 12,838 940 537 723 1,104 f 1,052
2 ,3 5 5 2,980 3,586 4,290 4,505 5,668 225 218 274 418 356 469
2,101 1,523
283 177 283 319 250 301
1,307 435 951 819 795 800 318 77 144 181 91 136
1,646 925 1,015 1,158 804 886 523 258 323 450 303 401
329 495 491 554 297 415 563 552 610
5,474 7,238 | 20 34 54 92 J 1,326 1, 352 /
1 1,677
19
37 50 137
1,645 1,764 2,719
952 270 429 582 442 405
665 159 200 217 202 216 363 80 98 97 100 109
3,887 1,067 1,489 1, 945
________ ________ ________ 3,193 1,012 2,738 3,865 1,707
8,830 10,034 55,454 59,567 33,635 46,329 741 301 2,069 2,909 1,157 1,529
1, 568 1,452 2, 590 2,874 796 4 ,0 4 1 121 66 124 101 81 213
2,316
J 789
/ 112 145 41 93
i 183 215 152 248
1,264 375 96 318 148 233
276 87 153 178 178
^Average for years 1929 and 1930.
is Average for years 1927-30.
» "Perrotungsten, tungsten metal, and wire” prior to 1936.
» Not including pounds of “ Other copper manufactures.” O r
Qt
CO
EORElGR COMMERCE

N o . 5 7 5 -— E x p o r t s o p U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939
C o n tin u e d
C7T
CU
GROUP AND ARTICLE
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 7.— M a c h in e r y a n d v e h ic l e s
Total__________ _________________________
934, 545 379,791 614,520 889,166 849,005 896,027
Electrical machinery and apparatus___ __-_____
Generators:
Direct current—___ _______________ number— 3,447
Alternating current----------------------------- do.
332
Steam turbine generator sets:
XJnder 500 kilowatts_________________ do__ 1,008
600 kilowatts and larger............ ...............do.
Accessories and parts for generators________
Welding sets:
Motor-generator type___ _— ..........number..
Nonrotating type.............................. do-
3424
Self-contained lighting outfits.....................do__ 4,035
Wind-driven generators_______________ do.
Batteries:
Storage batteries________________________
6- and 12- volt storage batteries 3S..thousands__ 3 263
Other storage batteries____________thousand cells.. 3 136
No. 6 dry-cell batteries___________ thousands.. 3 2,439
Flashlight batteries________________ thousand cells.. 39, 898
Radio B and C batteries (dry)__________do__
7,495
Other batteries, n. e. s________ thousands..
Capacitors, kilovolt-ampere and larger.munber..
Transforming or converting apparatus:
Power transformers, 500 kilovolt-amperes and
over___________________________ number. _
Distribution transformers, less than 500kilovoltamperes
________________________num ber..
6,401
Instrument transformers_______________ do__ 62, 003
Other transformers............................. do_
Mercury power rectifiers_______________ do__
Rotating converters:
Under 300 kilowatts_________________ do--- 60,231
300 kilowatts and larger______________ do---
Complete battery chargers, nonrotating— do__
Transmission and distribution apparatus:
Feeder voltage regulators35ft____________do„...
Switchboard panels, except telephone...............
Oil circuit breakers and switches____ number. -
Power switches and circuit breakers over 10
amperes.....................................-................... -
396
231
388
911
210
3
1,263
52,344
5,654
122
38
1,809
3,241
22,008
2,228
2,531
1, 202
683
2,193
7,496
281
77
1,005
62, 873
10,350
121
2,549
3,668
30,238
4,664
8,701
2,046
1,462
3,380
27,674
417
120
1,240
79, 357
11,833
171
3,436
3,9 7 1
44,632
5,815
11,674
1,393
1,060
2,831
16,528
19,538
328
86
846
55,038
7,751
194
4,268
4,4 8 5
54,480
3,849
30,945
1,350
867
267
74
1,707
682
16,504
27,088
385
75
1, 054
107,140
5,150
282
1,733
4,004
3 ,7 8 2
78,610
131
3,610
16
33, 802
102, 711 62, 635 91,352 112, 576 102,136 105, 251
1,632 172 345 512 358 379
987 754 361 1,106 691 746
} 1,342 461 255 334 1,382
f
\
261
2,180
968 523 667 589 650 851
} 3439 372 720 1,060 1,069 / 831
\ 208
1,129 217 650 1,761 1,452 1,526
414 572
3,420 1,494 1, 818 2,840 2,196 2,406
3 1,815 1,048 1,223 1, 829 1,487 1,792
3 1, 294 445 595 1,010 708 614
3 577 270 196 229 169 212
2,790 1,963 2,300 2,813 1,976 3,379
} 2,157
91
f 253 452 511 314 224
\ 89 137 189 173 236
53
j 360 363 437 443 775
| 2,467
1 336 432 649 722 592
/ 103 147 122 136 115
} 1,264
I 255 392 422 462 508
1 1
f 23
i 1,504
1^ 400 529 686 755
368
[ 263
1 [ 37 148 234 231 255
294
"3,733"
59
1,756 554 440 559 637 SIS
1 f 198
[ 2 ,2 0 2 764 1 ,1 2 7 1 ,4 9 2 1 ,8 0 2
1 1,579
FOREIGN COMMERCE;

F u ses.-............- ...............
thousands..
W att-hour and other measuring m eters.num her..
Volt, w att, and ampere meters, and other recording,
indicating, and testing apparatu
s...........................
num ber..
Electrical indicating instrum ents..............do----
Electrical recording in stru m e n ts.............do----
Other electrical testing apparatus-----------------
Lightning arresters, choke coils, reactors, and
other protective devices....... ...n u m b e r..
M otors, starters, and controllers:
M otors ^horsepow er and under------------- do----
M otors over ¥ z and under 1 horsepow er...do—
Stationary motors:
1 to 200 horsepower-............ ...d o -----
Over 200 horsepower__________________ do----
R ailw ay m otors---------------------------- ------d o .. . .
Electric locomotives, railway, m ining, and industrial
_________________ _________n u m b er..
E lectric industrial trucks and tractors........_do—
S tarting and controlling equipment:
F o r industrial motors--------- ------- ----------------
F or electric railway and vehicle motors______
Accessories and parts for m otors.______________
Portable electric tools_________________ num ber..
Electric household refrigerators___________do—
Electric commercial refrigerators up to 1 ton
number._
Parts for electric refrigerators__________________
Electric appliances:
Flashlight cases___ ,________..____thousands
Electric fans_______ . _____________ number—
Electric lamps;
Metal filament_______________..thousands..
For automobiles, flashlights, and Christmas
trees_________________ thousands—
Other metal filament bulbs__________ do_
Other electric lamps__________________ do--
Searchlights, airport beacons, and floodlights
number—
Motor-driven household devices:
Electric washing machines_____________do--
Electric washing machine parts.......................
Electric vacuum cleaners_________.number..
Electric vacuum cleaner parts______________
Other motor-driven devices, except tools
number—
Electric flatirons_______________________do--
4,761
76,951
36 245,003
b64,322
8 5,768
1,788
37,093
66,259
2,229
* 1930 only, 8 Average for years 1928-30.
«» Included under “ Other transformers” prior to 1939.
2,026
49,228
77, 712
2,569
2, 764
96,681
143,957
3,221
2,531
57,177
135,102
2,338
3,165
69,427
79,003
2,886
422
780
2,022
8 663
8 330
«947
86,735 813
r 64,896 105,729 123,160 103,980 135,554
\ 8,355 10,461 14,360 10,734 17,285
a 30,811 17,844 40,679 61,791 64,571 54,804 1
8143,153 87,778 140,041 199,222 175,061 164,705 J
{
21, 687 6,126 8,687 11, 518 9,875 12,654 3,358
198 42 49 107 91 100 553
652 124 129 264 123 90 629
170 76 99 181 151 89 1,635
180 55 77 118 158 191 204
1,550
210
2, 607
23,272 12, 357 20,647 26,999
39, 256 75, 047 160,782 167,862 «
28,446
141,008
32, 851
124,031
1, 077
7,084
3 10,900 15,476 24,297 30,709 19, 326 17,161 32,061
2, 578 1,159 1,817 2,262 1,489 1, 664 2,207
76,700 44; 517 106,142 128,136 119,676 110,055 1,026
9,454 6,978 14,014 18,729 1 4 ,7 5 6 1 8 ,4 2 8 1.426
a 3,110 3,705 7,879 10,644 8,093 9,834 3 194
3 5, 342 3,273 6,134 8,085 6,663 8 ,5 9 4 3 1,017
2,060 240 578 213 551 698 444
18,073 3,940 6,350 7,864 7,491 9,764 635
23,328 8,736 26, 649 56,921 66,207 55,239 ] 1,566
»75,143 34,140 30,289 27,990 29,779 20,739
1 2,505
118
324
1,221
409
229
583
419
691
202
873
214
90
501
112
734
141
1,127
633
6,445
1,632
2,895
467
304
759
178
581
70
156
436 [
467 {
318
144
138
446
1,755
533
274
949
452
679
296
1,350
116
140
543
162
1,162
751
1,660
910
11, 768
2, 234
5,170
671
548
1,183
357
826
141
207
1,066
50
509
298
633
225
193 176
772 573
2,376 2,474
808 869
341 284
1,227 1,321
640 696
881 7 7 9
345 273
1,839 1,481
283 499
305 158
800 752
260 409
1,545 1,395
264 235
1,933 1, 614
1,232 1,335
12, 755 10,768
2,484 1, 914
5,420 5,233
918 672
622 646
1,499 1,245
449 359
1,050 886
49 87
209 663
2 ,1 0 1 2,629
132 166
529 559
347 284
801 691
342 319
12 Average for year 1927-30. 86 6-volt storage batteries prior to 1932.
« Average for years 1926 and 1927.
2,341
662
299
1,380
454
849
345
1,480
472
29
725
467
1,520
107
1,490
1,434
9,535
1,792
6,057
715
602
1,424
405
1,019
124
412
2 , 1 4 $
169
384
220
635
280
FOREIGN COMMERCE.
C*
C*

N o . 5 T 5 .
E x p o r t s o p U n it e d St a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
IN QUANTITY
Steam engines, boilers, and accessories:
Stationary, except turbines..... . . . . . number.. 392 45 | 71 108 71 58 463 62 57 170 92
Mechanical-drive tu rb in e s........____ do___ 87 32 j 25 54 88 46 533 | 138 91 301 101
90
54
GROUP AND ARTICLE
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
VALUE
1936-1930 1931-1935
THOUSANDS
1936
OF
1937
DOLLARS
1938 1939
Group 7.—M achinery and vehicles—Continued
Electrical machinery and apparatus—Continued.
Electric appliances—Continued.
Domestic heating and cooking devices:
Electric cooking ranges. - .............. num ber.. ■7,319 3,561 6,297 6,807 6,210 6,636
400 350 379
Other domestic heating and cooking devices..............................................thousands..
■295 155 227 287 226 232
816 704 710
1 ,4 6 4
Electric melting furnaces and parts__ num ber..
686
Heat-treatise furnaces and parts do j- 2,656 2,947 6,728 11,507 12,445
518
836 2,107 698
Other industrialbeating devices andparts.do___
325
Therapeutic apparatus. X-ray tubes, and X-ray
1 = 1
1,692 972 1,474 2,022 1,992 2,201
Signal and communication devices:
Radio apparatus_________. ________________
15,259 20,477 28,279 32,109 23,101 2 2 ,1 7 7
Transmitting sets and parts_______________
962 976 1,817 2,684 2,958 2,696
Receiving sets------------------------ ..num ber.. 137,558 494,382 635,984 618,710 449.163 551,846 6.342 12,363 16,041 16,129 10,554 10,448
Radio receiving tubes__________ thousands.. 990 4,961 8,390 9,687 7,284 7,356 1,450 2,535 3,514 4,064 2,973 3,001
3,234 3,624 5,660 7,463 5,413 4,965
Loud speakers_________ ______ .thousands.. 232 167 340 428 360 398
3,271 530 706 888 680 575
443 540 881 524 492
951 212 227 503 343 300
Telephone apparatus:
Telephone instruments___________ num ber.. 37,740 11,855 12,724 14,099 10,852 9,855 547 177 186 261 180 169
4,293 1,153 1,841 3,022 3,555 3,190
Bells, buzzers, annunciators, and alarms______
347 201 199 225 257
Other electrical apparatus:
Starting, lighting, and ignition equipment
1,641 916 1,317 1,437 1,245 1,162
Insulating material________________1,000 lbs.. 5,55* 1,426 1,493 1,645 1,138 1,645 1.342 313 347 412 304 407
Eigid metal conduit...............................................
________
670
Other metal conduit, outlet, and switch boxes...
_________
1,258 445 625 1,083 900 443
Sockets, outlets, fuse blocks, and lighting
10, 521 5,711 6,453 9,652
1,876
775 1,021 1,217 1,486
2,466
677 1,056 1,143 1,187 1,337
160 167 232 226 269
1,318 568 737 1,019 943 1,080
Electric razors..................................... number 43,766 239,501 296,387 ]
9,346 3 ,5 6 5 5 ,7 5 9 397 1,059 918
7,421 7,711 9,714
214,364 94,702 158,493 240,471
289,896
23,561
9,187 15,545 17,631 14,383
C7I
C*
05
acrasH JM O O s o i a a c w

Locomotives— _____— ------- do„.__ 189
Locomotive parts and accessories-------------------
Frames, cradles, bolsters, or beds of iron or
steel for locomotives and other railway rolling
stock36a_____________________________
Other engines and parts--------------------------------
Steam boilers, fire tube________ 1,000 sq. ft. 37_ 1 730 {
Steam boilers, water tube____________ do J
Condensers, heaters, accessories______________
Steam specialties—injectors, gauges, safety
valves, steam traps, boiler-tube cleaners, etc___
Internal-combustion engines:
Locomotives: Gasoline___________number.. 291
Diesel and Diesel-elec__do_____
Stationary and portable engines:
Diesel and semi-Diesel________________ do---- 744
Other: N ot over 10 horsepower-------------do---- 32,357
Over 10 horsepower____________do__________ 3,788
Engine accessories and parts (carburetors)--------
Water wheels and water turbines______________
Construction and conveying machinery__________
Excavators, incl. power shovels---------num ber..
Excavator parts and accessories______________
Dredging machinery and parts_______________
Concrete mixers___ ___________
Road rollers_______________________ ...d o---
Road graders_________________________do---
Other road-making equipment_______________
Other construction equipment_______________
Cranes with swinging booms________num ber..
Other cranes_________________________do___
Hoists______________________________ do___
Derricks, except mining_____________. . . do___
Elevators, freight and passenger________ do___
Conveyors, bucket, chain, or belt_______do___
Other conveying equipment and parts........ ........
num ber..
Mining, well, and pumping machinery__________
Mining and quarrying machinery:
Coal cutters____________________ num ber..
Rock drills______________________ do_
Mine hoists and derricks__:__________ do___
Ore crashing and sorting__________________
Concentrating and smelting------------------------
Other mining and quarrying......................—
473
1,724
151
3 935
108
278
7,895 [
625
1,339
137
10,559
966
24 39 53 63 47
37
79
172
6,289
1,678
128 161
142 121
28 30
48
74 27
23 43
422
13,730
2,193
852
20,806
3,241
199 156
210 182
523
16,285
3,243
30
35
641
16,018
2,429
97 175 396 386 389
202
35
204
19
40
1,632
13
277
255
49
4,986
519
583
111
541
45
63
2,561
52
194
632
56
6, 667
690
836
196
1,306
86
121
3,654
98
340
540
72
9,885
892
812
124
1,520
71
164
2,736
107
271
363
66
7,044
742
1,046
129
1,801
65
131
4,230
22
320
352
48
7,553
702
}
}
}
3, S12
3,053
1,656 |
777
2,131
738
1, 251
2,795
2,169
3,718
465
22,188
5,845
2,037
924
1,044
379
2,241 |
1,005
869
1,259
1,556 |
1,114
513
3,402
4S, 778
493
1,829
702
3,729
970
7,445
616
738
523
977
175 175
64 231
147 409
235 342
886 1,178
95 100
133
450 1,112
399 792
880 1,002
1,439 1,941
498 125
6, 506 11,708
1,300 2,106
782 1,095
509 905
123 336
88 357
255 940
510 1,475
272 600
171 300
209 250
332 560
23 70
475 476
131 234
1,326 2,004
20,448 34,372
171 198
911 1,398
438 525
1,720 2,725
478 617
3,450 4,863
1,317 3, 261
1, 661 1,592
751 690
246 466
353 565
247 998
233 531
1,783 1,277
188 90
169 357
2,283 2,125
1,167 882
1, 619 1,582
2,755 2,829
300 190
22,909 23,917
4,564 4,953
1,944 2,014
2, 537 2,160
663 557
450 396
2,404 3,093
3,164 3, 768
788 843
386 691
570 391
1,163 796
201 233
640 697
329 325
3,106 3,001
59, 989 68, 583
320 253
1, 912 1,449
741 610
4,207 4,336
921 886
8, 578 7,257
3 1930 only. 8 Average for years 1928-30. 1DAverage for years 1929 and 1930. 27 Heating surface.
«a included under "Other industrial machinery and parts, n. e. s.” prior to 1937.
819
1,303
287
231
429
556
866
1,326
93
402
2,452
896
1,451
2,956
143
24,803
5, 025
1,826
1,195
573
384
3,805
4,764
983
398
1,014
929
49
626
245
2,486
61,174
176
1,753
750
3,477
1,291
7,493-
FOREIGN COMMERCE,
Crt
Cn
< 1

N o . 5 T 5 .-— E x p o r t s o f U n i t e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d i s e , b t C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
GROUP AND ARTICLE
G ro u p 7.—M a c h in e ry a n d v e h ic le s —Continued
I n d u s t r i a l m a c h i n e r y — C o n t i n u e d .
Mining, well, and pumping machinery—Con.
Well and refining machinery:
Petroleum and gas well-drilling apparatus___
Other petroleum-well and refining machinery_
Other well-drilling apparatus______________
Pumping equipment:
Centrifugal pum p s..._____ ______ number..
Deep-well turbine pumps____________do___
Reciprocating steam pum ps33________ do___
Rotary pumps_____________________ d o ....
Other reciprocating power pumps 33___ do___
Hand and windmill pumps__________ do___
Self-contained household water systems.do__
Other pumps and parts of pumps___________
P ow er-driven m etal-w orking m achinery__________
Engine lathes........... —____ num ber..
Turret lathes________________________do___
Other lathes________________________ do___
Vertical boring mills and chucking machinery____________________________
number..
Thread-cutting and automatic screw machines__________________________number.
_
Knee and column type milling machines
number.
Other milling machines_______________ do...
Gear-cutting machines.,_______________ do—.
Vertical drilling machines_____________ do___
Radial drilling machines______________ do___
Other drilling machines_______________ do___
Planers and shapers.. . . ______________ do.
Grinding machines:
Surface___________________________ do.
External cylindrical________________ do___
Internal__________________________ do—
Tool grinding, cutter grinding, and universal-__.____-.....
number..
Other metal-grinding machines.........................
Sheet and plate metal-working machines and
parts______;________________ . . . . . ______
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1939 1937 1938 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1938
4,709
5,802
3 1,071
20,168
86,975
747
359
702
172
852
324
580
367
406
119
1,625
435
231
699
390
1,054
2,517
1,253
2,411
6,242
21,176
501
479
187
512
419
183
397
331
247
69
1,760
158
201
240
215
4,693
423
1,137
5,470
7,594
2 8 ,8 6 2
895
2,237
674
1,020
423
1,030
398
989
599
488
107
2,485
267
604
287
314
1,870
7, 388 7,962
737 746
1,202 953
5,014 3,472
10, 559 8,080
35, 064 26,478
1,720 1,612
3,446
1,230
1,166
428
1,352
924
1,084
679
616
213
3,733
405
903
334
532
1,592
3,921
1,339
1,310
442
1,334
980
1,864
651
477
230
2,321
452
605
658
8,719
10,294
w 1, 049
9,917 1,381
794
974 1, 609
3,774 s 131
8,174 2,658
36,277 739
2,129
} 2,712 |
4,330
1,799
2,389
691
1,775
1,523
2,192
808
868
354
3,139
610
1,168
685
796
2,594
26,211
1,586
1,018
1,298
392
1,073
784
1,359
947
415
275
646
723
«324
1,589
931
525
805
2,702
4,163
5,732
196
714
101
803
132
35
1,067
20, 548
1,008
493
749
604
709
548
1,227
1,150
385
151
946
378
428
740
739
606
651
2,443
8,762
10,066
425
1,003
205
383
228
998
171
63
1,743
41,897
2,825
1,847
1,343
1,801
2,236
1,168
2,470
2,125
801
226
1,521
488
1,081
1,039
1,259
1,540
1,088
3,885
18,513
16,671
818
1,676
480
561
315
1,476
232
113
2,457
59,880
3,649
3,839
1,420
2,360
3,765
3, 599
3,639
2,606
902
595
1,616
1,050
1,745
1,569
2,451
2,002
1,624
4,292
23,222
17,220
389
2,011
473
447
346
1,328
164
108
3,084
97,289
6,650
5,986
2,172
3.628
4,409
4.629
9,955
3,106
998
872
1,828
2,794
2,769
4,087
4,000
3,268
3,424
8,095
19,813
16,963
386
2,872
520
449
318
1,404
197
135
3,179
112,572
6,533
7, 486
3,399
5,248
5,605
6,689
12,563
3,988
1,372
977
1,775
4,020
2,545
3,926
4,339
3,887
5,413
5,352
CTC
CT*
00
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Forging machinery and parts_______ _________
Kolling-miJI machinery and p a r ts ..................
Foundry and molding equipment____________
Other power-driven metal-working machinery
and parts_______________________________
Other metal-working machinery________________
Pneumatic portable tools____ ______ n um berother
portable and hand- or foot-operated metalworking
machines and parts_______________
Chucks for machine tools___________ number—
Machine-operated pipe and thread cutters,
stocks, dies, taps, and other machine-operated
cutting tools________________ n um ber-
Other metal-working tools___________ _______
T extile, sew in g , a n d shoe m achin ery _________ _____
Textile machinery__________________________
Full-fashioned hosiery knitting machines,
power driven— ...................
Circular hosiery knitting m achines.....do___
Other circular knitting machines______ do___
Other knitting machines and parts__________
Winders and parts_______________ num ber..
Carding and other preparing, spinning, and
tw isting m achinery a n d parts:
C o tto n 10_______________ . ________________
Wool ___________________________________
O t h e r , i n d u c i n g s i l k t h r o w i n g m achinery
an d p arts
_______________
Loom s and p arts:
C otton_______________ n u m b e r-
O ther___________
do___
P a rts of looms__________ ____________ _____
B raiding and insulating m achines mad p a rts ..
Beam ing, w arping, and slashing m achinery
an d p a rts ................................................................
D yeing and finishing m achines and p arts_____
O ther textile m achinery_____________________
Sew ing m achines:
F o r d o m e s t i c u s e ________________ __num ber—
F o r factory or industrial use____________ do__
Sewing-m achine p a rts ........................... ......................
Shoe machinery, except sewing.............................
*1930 only.
s A v e r a g e l o r years 1928-30.
io Average for years 1929 and 1930.
20,581
18,945
num ber.. 385
6,649
1,432
s i, 091
M1,452
173,222
57,883
7,976
13,832
13,720
46^115
56,324
23 40
1,155 857
1,076 1,035
1,867
1,030 1,861
975
72,104 106, 958
22,786 60,786
21,759
51^214
69,718
23,807
45,880
43,169
22,943
82~307
61,221
19 34 70
891 972 1,244
643 259 553
1,670
441
143,965
62,806
882 967
483 825
88,782
32,970
3S "Steam pum ps" prior to 1928.
35 “Other power pumps” prior to 1928.
40 Cotton spinning and twisting machines prior to 1936.
102, 282
50,522
1,347 1,551 1,826 1,946 3,377 4,750
885 1,131 4,186 6,250 10,066 10,011
1,785 901 2,139 1,507 1,949 1,223
4,995 3,011 5,001 7,456 8,627 11,471
4,172 2,413 4,221 4,423 4,384 4,902
1,614 546 927 1,356 1,621 1,343
897 494 885 1,307 1,295 1,392
239 101 210 262 301 331
790 1,603 807 627 804
1,422 481 596 692 540 1,031
23,374 12,794 20,564 22,903 15,842 19,047
11, 4 03 6,322 1ft 534 1ft 960 7,540 9,088
3 455 127 283 149 193 553
2.736 509 476 521 451 5S8
657 460 361 307 160 234
1,394 562 712 963 753 916
3 360 708 1,205 1,837 970 1,120
525 500 935 2,105 1,550 1,638
292 130 168 177 46 143
• 542 509 1,173 253 211 194
543 339 659 793 367 303
402 323 274 511
601 444 453 487
f 182 167 165 366
4,555 2,477 103 84 52 56
116 239 119 168
I 3,159 2,597 1,786 1,811
4,616 1, 511 3,441 4,496 2,423 2,600
4,054 3,112 4,043 4,602 2,877 4,237
1,600 1,152 1,878 1,955 1,691 2,228
1,695 698 668 889 810 895
41 Wool carding and weaving machines prior to 1936.
43 Silk machinery prior to 1936.
F O R E I G N C O M M E R C E 5 5 9

N o . 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o p U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Group 7.—Machinery and vehicles—Continued
Industrial machinery—Continued.
Other industrial machinery 71,080 25,169 36,544 54, 820 47, 761 53, 515
Cigarette, cigar-making, and other tobacco ma-
*1,380 694 469 717 637 488
503 950 1,092
Bakery machinery and parts................................. 13 837 302 414 662 660 "967
Flour-mill and gristmill machinery and parts__ 647 174 137 207 114 245
Bice-mill machinery and parts.......................... 205 76 44 76 86 81
Sugar-mill machinery:
Cane mills__ ___________________ number. _ 3,022 751 1,440 2, S03 1,500 1,812 480 77 176 301 196 268
4,182 1,274 1,519 3,115 1,588 2,159
1, 068
f 1,345 1, 507 1,079 795
1 1,109 1,424 786 998
"Woodworking machinery:
. 877 272 315 609 432 327
Planers, matchers, jointers, and molders
number_ 208 70 216 310 313 328 235 55 59 151 202 123
* 80 48 105 112 32 168
1,809 585 925 1, 374 1,162 1,262
1,366 634 597 835 698 885
419
Bottling, bottle-washing, and bottle-labeling
10 1, 636 533 990 1,488 1,920 2,119
981 157 620 603 421 317
776 481 815 1,173 905 769
Refrigerating equipment:
} 2,548
/ 143 235 228 333 606
\ 320 439 712 637 703
846 215 215 388 350 263
321 887 1,673 1, 685 2,135
866 354 588 1,010 682 ' 884
490 620 1,837 1,490 1,023 932
) f 802 1,156 1,128 1,152
1 2,464 1,329 \ 1,423 1, 770 1,435 1,794
[ 24 103 85 116
Air compressors:
Capacity up to 25 cubic feet______ number - 11,431 3,746 4,371 5,751 4,120 5,017 1,162 304 311 392 313 343
Capacity over 25 cubic feet___________do _ _ 3,964 995 1,203 1,971 1, 508 1,560 4,932 1,288 1,441 2,849 3,074 2,452
461 500 557 727 759 582 872 1,001 1,037 1,084
Meat and other grinding and slicing machines
number— 11 31,470 5,144 7,810 9,048 9,141 9,781 i! 994 417 583 880 869 959
Paint-spraying equipment and parts.................. *671 264 432 557 527 580
O t
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Laundry machinery:
Power-driven laundry machines for commercial
laundries.................. number..
Other laundry and dry-cleaning equipment .
and parts-------------- --------------------------- -
Gas meters and parts 44_________ -____________
Water meters and p arts44_______ :--------------------
Iron or steel body valves and parts for steam,
water, oil, and gas45________________________
Other industrial machinery and parts, n. e. s-------
Office appliances________________________________
Accounting and calculating machines:
Billing and bookkeeping machines___ number..
Listing-adding-bookkeeping_________ do-----
Typewriter-bookkeeping-billing______ do—
Listing-adding machines______________ do___
Calculating machines_________________do___
Card punching, sorting, and tabulating machines_______________
__________ number. _
Other, including used and rebuilt______ do___
Parts for accounting and calculating machines___
Duplicating machines, parts and supplies for........... .
Cash registers:
New____-__ num ber.. 1
Used and rebuilt_____________________ do— /
Parts of cash registers------- --------------------------------
Typewriters___ ________ — _.num ber..
Standard typewriters, new.----------------- do—
Portable typewriters, new .------------------ do—
Used and rebuilt typewriters__________ do-----
Typewriter parts_______ _______________ ____
Staplers and staples (for office use)

N o . S T 'S .— E x p o r t s o f U n it e d St a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOSANDS OF DOLLARS
GROUP AND ARTICLE
1936 1957 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
OX
05
fcO
G r o u p 7.— M a c h in e r y a n d YEHiCLES—C o n tin u e d
A g ric u ltu ra l m a c h in e ry a n d im p le m e n ts — C o n .
S p ra y e rs a n d d u s te rs :
F o r tre e s a n d cro p s:
H a n d s p ra y e r s _______________________ n u m b e r . .
P o w e r s p ra y e r s ___________________________d o ___
S m a ll s p ra y e r s fo r g a rd e n a n d h o u s e h o ld u s e
n u m b e r . .
I m p le m e n ts o f c u ltiv a tio n :
H o rs e a n d p o w e r p lo w s_____________________ d o __
H a rro w s _____________________________________ d o __
C u ltiv a to r s , h o rse a n d p o w e r_______________ d o __
P la n te r s , h o rse a n d p o w e r___________________d o __
D r ills a n d se ed e rs, h o rse , p o w e r ,a n d h a n d _ d o ------
O th e r c u ltiv a tin g im p le m e n ts a n d p a r ts ..... ............
H a r v e s tin g m a c h in e ry :
M o w e rs , e x c e p t la w n ____________________ n u m b e r . .
L a w n m o w e rs, h a n d a n d p o w e r___________d o ____
H a y r a k e s a n d t e d d e r s _____________________ d o ____
G r a in h a rv e s te r s a n d b in d e r s _____________ d o . . —
C o m b in e s (re a p e rs, th re s h e rs ) ________ ____d o ____
O th e r h a rv e s tin g im p le m e n ts a n d p a r t s _________
S e e d s e p a ra to rs :
T h r e s h e r s _____ ___________________________n u m b e r . .
C o r n s h e lle rs _______________________________d o —
O th e r s e p a r a to r s a n d p a r t s _______________________
F e e d c u tte rs , g rin d e rs, a n d c ra s h e rs___ . .n u m b e r . .
T ra c to rs a n d p a r ts __________________________ —
T r a c k la y in g ( c a rb u re to r t y p e ) —
T Jn d er 35 d r a w b a r h o rse p o w e r-----------n u m b e r . .
35 to 59 d r a w b a r h o rse p o w e r______________ d o__
60 a n d o v e r d r a w b a r h o rse p o w e r------------- d o —
T r a c k la y in g (fu e l in je c tio n t y p e ) —
U n d e r 35 d r a w b a r h o rse p o w e r__________ d o ------
35 to 59 d r a w b a r h o rse p o w e r______________ d o ---
60 a n d o v e r d r a w b a r h o rse p o w e r-------------d o —
W h e e l tra c to r s ______________________________d o —
14 b e lt h o rse p o w e r a n d u n d e r -----------------d o ------
15 to 32 b e lt h o rse p o w e r.------------------ . — d o —
33 a n d o v e r b e lt h o r s e p o w e r 46......................d o —
E n g in e s fo r t ra c to r s _________________________ - d o --
P a r t s a n d accesso ries fo r t r a c t o r s ._______________
W in d m ills _____________ n u m b e r ..
T o w e rs a n d p a r ts o f w in d m ills , e x c e p t p u m p s -------
H a y p r e s s e s h a n d a n d p o w e r ,................ . .n m n lw r ..
58,755
184, 546
32, 590
58,802
11,308
18, 639
14,0S4
100,890
8,246
26,224
6,785
4,115
15,942
3,732
51,933
8 5,441
8 39,778
8 5,821
1,055
22,260
y 3,024
795,440
53, 385
4,138
19,120
4,613
1, 617
2,233
28,326
1,110
2,232
1, 030
175
2,0
2,827
1,875
9,036
616
7,687
734
74
5,465
21,235 22,036 22,629 24,832
653 1,711 1,055 1,136
821, 620 1,063, 653 1,320,032* 1,639, 843
95,754 116,810 65, 034 61,631
12, 324 24, 628 19,815 13,979
35,856 44,789 31, 489 34, 000
13,310 15,691 12,503 7,515
3,747 10,219 8, 817 4,896
6,414 9,572 6,520 4,767
44,073 53, 332 44, 539 40,554
7, 575 5,882 3, 992 1,920
2,517 4,035 4, 209 2,687
608 1,780 4,071 4,444
584 601 987 776
4,280 4,675 4,353 3,666
2,895 4,064 3,991 3,952
2,735 5,199 4,624 3,287
236 277 359 207
41 82 87 72
609 599 1,165 1,351
1,295 2,911 1,630 1. 648
600 1,010 1,057 1,282
14,355 30,176 30,459 29,702
1,200 2,269 1, 941 2,719
8,751 19,930 20,304 21,528
4,404 7,977 8,214 5,455
282 536 376 406
14,081 10,972 12,449 13,171
“ " s i r .........677’ .........624 ‘ S3fT
f 156 158 149 164
406 } 167 { 185 384 329 302
( 131 152 201 224 280
6,227 873 1, 679 2,883 2,683 2,137
1,758 193 595 1,239 929 826
1,137 272 588 808 740 564
487 219 412 615 586 354
1,808 126 393 1, 007 1, 226 467
4, 716 1, 404 1,925 2,752 2,103 1,831
874 154 445 649 526 356
791 206 296 371 383 360
315 43 226 287 209 93
4,800 389 470 714 1,070 634
8,730 1,890 745 1, 987 4,777 4,482
4,103 1,305 1,586 1,964 2,161 2,235
3,913 161 552 537 925 705
280 28 57 79 75 69
1,596 293 406 499 533 514
342 181 253 304 387 291
58,298 15,965 28,750 52, 859 51, 421 47, 989
( 3,703 7,298 6,331 4, 460
476 501 726 402
173 299 388 246
7,674 3,826 /
943 1,113 2,077 2, 498
I 3,167 6, 800 4,171 4,108
I 2,685 4,674 4,935 6,116
40,096 8,243 11,870 23, 519 23,324 20,006
B2,937 396 654 1, 275 1,053 1,142
s 35,893 6, 894 6,475 14, 380 14, 219 13,907
8 7,055 954 4,740 7,863 8,052 4,957
462 48 214 492 231 2S1
10,066 3,848 5,518 8,162 9,238 9,873
1,369 280 6S5 940 723 751
776 1S3 391 423 311 328
275 55 128 229 236 231
FO R EIG N CO M M ERCE

Other agricultural machinery, implements, and
113
M otortrucks, busses, and chassis (new)—d o .,._ ii 118,473 61,450
f 6,866
1 and not over 1H tons______________ do___ 1 115,427 i 46,164
Over m , not over tons-----------------do___
1 6,808
3,046 1,501
111
256
Passenger cars and chassis-------------------do___ 47 275,627 100,265
f 91,264
Over $850, not over $1,200------------------ do___ t 267,230 \ 6,487
Over $1,200, not over $2,000__________ do-__
I 1,719
8,397 795
Second-hand passenger ears------------------ do___
1,184
Parts, except battery boxes, tires, inner tubes,
and engines—
Automotive differential and transmission
105,800
15,710
71,305
13,849
2,808
2,128
439
179,957
165,501
11,758
1,817
881
1,615
165,713
20,691
109,457
24,820
9,234
1,511
454
229,486
208,409
17,742
2,397
938
1,996
115, 597
17,152
79,908
11,563
5,737
1,237
191
161, 612
141,305
17, 353
2,356
598
1,514
114,665
17,020
80,843
12,106
4,060
636
297
137,866
122,444
13,008
2,057
357
1,477
3,814
446, 503
406,164
170
*7 75,190
| 87,392
7,798
” 197,649
j- 177,168
20,481
62,237
52,187
Spark plugs-”——1.....................-thousands.. 8 5,910 6,025 5,986 7,612 5,193 5,758 *1,739
64,987 53,791 53,326 } 51,144
8,277
Automobile horns, hand and electric-number.. M125,583 182,523 298,777 354,0X2 280,333 219,345 3D325
8,147
Automobile engines:
For motor tracks and busses48_____ number . 10,750 4 673
1,141
8S.420 22,043
9,315
21,890
48,194
2,743
32,912
82,807
789
24,871
38,772
664
28,361
26,075
943
Pumps for gasoline and oil--------------- num ber.. 807,425 17,424 17,861 22,406 16,490 16,138
6,927
8858
83,145
s 2,922
135
42 10 13
Trailers______________________________ do----- 1,029 524 1, 264 3,611 1,340 I 1,522 457
8 Average for years 1928-30. 10 Average for years 1929 and 1930. 11 Average for years 1932-35.
48 Includes wheel tractors less wheels of any horsepower prior to 1936 47 Includes second-hand.
« For assembly on new vehicles with American trade names beginning 1936.
» For replacement on vehicles with either American or foreign trade names or assembly on new vehicles with foreign names.
«* Distributed among the different classes of motor trucks, according to weight, beginning 1937.
1,117 1, 526 2,339 2,047 1,779
167, 292 279, 514 409,930 362,493 393,946
146,503 240,213 346,887 270,427 253,722
30,230 54,772 100,174 72,155 69, 505
2,243 5. 988 A 342 7,145 7,081
19,714 32,890 54, 425 42, 875 42,907
5, 576 10,550 19, 578 9,416 10,765
2,512 4,315 16, 601 11,536 8,161
185 1,029 1,226 1,183 591
114 188 203 65 117
55,308 103, 024 134,815 100,143 84,658
44,532 86,789 111, 872 78,341 68,359
6,211 11,238 16, 780 16,735 12,399
2,517 2,723 3,649 3,500 2,968
2,047 2, 275 2,514 1,567 931
478 681 868 723 676
32,016 41,365 53,384 46, 439 43,463
23, 522 30,491 43, 111 40,605 44, 607
u 460 446 333 319 289
ii 459 504 621 599 611
ii 93 105 119 84 420
u 520 523 485 390 496
ii 413 456 629 519 720
1.446 1,434 1,705 1,195 1,333
434 493 740 617 863
20,-087 26, 529 / \ 38,288
190 135 242
36,745 39,731
2,705 4,031 5,292 4,198 4,593
268 356 430 354 326
2,437 3,675 4, 862 3,844 4,267
597 2,149 3,290 2,753 3,428
1,534 3,312 5,591 3,159 2,400
198 159 187 275
2,538 4,607 6,497 5,701 5,598
218 349 409 286 317
721 1,307 1, 524 1,081 1,168
1,599 2,951 4,565 4,334 4,113
67 51
307 1,066 1,033 997 1,043
BO REIGN C O M M E R C E 563

N o . 5 T 5 .— E x p o r t s o f U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 to 1939— C o n tin u e d
GROUP AND ARTICLE
Group 7.—Machinery and vehicles—Continued
Automobiles and other vehicles—Continued.
Aircraft, parts, and accessories________________
Landplanes (powered)_____________num ber...
Seaplanes and amphibians____________ do___
Gliders and lighter-than-air craft_______ do___
Engines for aircraft________ _____ _____do...
Parachutes and parts__ _____________ _____
Aircraft engine parts and accessories_________
Aircraft instruments and parts____ ________
Aircraft parts and accessories, n. c. s________
Cycles:
Bicycles--------------------------------------- number.
Motorcycles_________________________ do...
Parts and accessories, except tires:
For bicycles___________________________
For motorcycles________________________
Merchant vessels___ ________________number.
Motorboats with engines installed_______ do__
Internal-combustion marine engines:
Detachable motors (outboard)__________ do__
Diesel and semi-Diesel_________________ do__
Other_______________________________ do__
Railway cars:
Passenger service:
Electric railway or tram______________ do__
Steam railw ay.............................
Railway motor cars:
For track inspection and maintenance work
number __
Passenger cars_______________
Freight cars:
Not over 10-tons capacity... ................ do_
Over 10-tons capacity......... .................. do_
Mine cars not over 10-tons capacity______do__
Air-brake equipment and parte______________
Parts, except axles and wheels..............................
Railway signals and attachments__ ___________
Railway car-heating equipment and parts_______
Wagons and drays___________________number..
Wheelbarrows_________________________do—
Pushcarts and hand trucks— .....................d o ....
QUANTITY
1928-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937
189
252
5,024
17, 520
8,149
885
3,015
do_________ 232
10 427
do________
3,516
1,474
4, 971
93,158
12,406
330
1,429
1,112
3, 361
3,721
177
986
389
600
233
629
19,207
3,790
503
24
933
2,322
3,952
390
6,564
199
1,628
558
70
338
544
398
1, 266
57,152
4,904
595
33
3
1,048
3,840
3,291
10,249
228
2,481
959
39
411
1,722
829
2,065
56,830
6,284
861
14 1
1,309
3,037
3,374
35
405
11,201
314
2,114
155
7
479
28
341
1, Oil
542
949
61,393
5,565
1,212
81
1,880
6,720
3,064
21
258
9,964
251
2,756
541
19
290
768
1,283
2,755
62,089
6,161
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937
4,907
2,643
948
1,316
131
3,963
} 1,316
1,143
1,678
1,461
657
1,558
1° 405
4, 247
414
1,030
4,085
838
483
373
246
10, 789
5, 271
2, 264
3,254
•25
781
301
447
583
133
271
301
877
46
318
1,076
304
H52
66
69
85
07
23,143
10,076
1,526
5,182
298
6, 060
62
1,015
84
297
426
455
607
100
113
124
488
99
626
111
616
2,319
270
192
118
186
102
IfiO
39,404
17,691
3,386
9
5,946
268
12,105
91
891
136
348
628
759
838
25
210
277
363
184
2,762
164
750
2,966
286
153
226
207
142
68,228
37,370
607
1
7,900
401
21,949
78
952
100
300
2,944
1,067
679
973
837
1,222
33
131
147
148
2,152
112
466
2,591
185
105
95
222
145
9DR
117,806
66,238
873
(6)
14,120
775
6,854
2, 338
26,607
150
892
147
274
2, 687
1,190
620
672
993
189
8
205
90
136
863
283
779
1,816
251
87
128
233
152
763
564 FO R E IG N CO M M ERCE

G r o u p S.—C h e m ic a l s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s
Total.
Coal-tar products______________________________
Benzol___________________ 1,000 28,843 gals.. 11,580
Crude and refined coal tar______________ do___ » 5,390 18,468
Coal-tar pitch________ _____...tons of 2,240 lbs__ io 18,513 137,158
Creosote or dead oil___________ 1,000 gals__ 458
Other crude coal-tar products, n. e. s.(Sfa. .1,000lbs..
Coal-tar intermediates___ ______________ do___
27,131 {
Rubber compounding agents of coal-tar origin 60
1,000 lb s ..
2, 061
Colors, dyes, stains, and color lakes_______do___ 30,074 18,545
Other finished coal-tar products__________do___
18,879
11,042
85,062
257
31,804
2,939
1,643
17,178
10,528
20,481 10,613
7,150 7,098
22; 763 28,797
665 533
24, 325 23,533
10,979 5,928
2,445
16,728
6,737
1, 752
8,576
2,734
Medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations_______ _________
Castor oil______________________ gals.. 80,783 49,684 81,765 79,196 71,457
White mineral oil______________________ do___ 8281,721
433,588 1,427,439 2, 488,227 1,252,348
Vitamin es and vitasterols________________ _____________
Biologies (antitoxins, serums, vaccines, etc.)______________
For animal and veterinary use________________________
Serums and antitoxins for human use_________ _________
Vaccines for human use____________________ _________
Glandular products, organotherapeutics, enzymes,
ferments, and culture media__________________
Druggists nonproprietary preparations:
Elixirs, cordials, tinctures, extracts, and similar
liquid solutions..------------- ------------- -------------------
Tablets, pills, capsules, powders, and similar
manufactures._______ _____________________________
Medicinal and reagent chemicals (for prescription
or laboratory use) »*__......... __________ ___________
Household pharmaceuticals in small packages:
Solids________________________________
_______
Liquids___________________________________________
Proprietary medicinal preparations____________- . . . . _____
Mouthwashes, gargles, and personal antiseptics__________________
_____ __________________
Com and foot remedies_______________________________
Plasters---------------------- -----------------------------------------
Liniments............... — ........................ .........
Salves and ointments:
For burns, cuts, skin diseases, etc______ _____________
For colds, coughs, catarrh, etc_________ _____ ________
81930 only, ®Less than 500.
8 Average for years 1928-30.
Average for years 1929 and 1930.
49b Includes finished coal-tar products prior to 1936.
MIncludes rubber compounding agents of other than coal-tar origin prior to 1936.
*°» Included under "Other proprietary medicinal preparations" prior to 1937.
12,004
7,620 1
10,444 f
2,398
40,340 )
9,447 f
2,761
13,716
3,346
168,464
1, 665,945
187,351
15,940
7,049
1,297 ^
1,293
6,300
20,081
i° 133
8 371
2,036
17,770
[}
{
91,840 116, 6B0 139,312 128,852 164,374
12, 537 13,775 14,6B6 9,891 14,484
2,055 2,828 2.825 1,802 1, 787
797 560 453 396 344
1,590 716 284 222 174
75 54 112 91 337
1, 958
f 961 1,242 1,118 1,698
{ 539 1,569 1, 097 1.765
868 620 921 735 1,191
5,193 6,081 6,251 3,825 6,432
1,416 1,228 604 756
11, 592 14,894 17,980 17,080 22,317
69 90 88 74 159
239 496 770 538 709
830
1,899 2,200 2,564 2,856 3, 636
373 403 384 562 999
706 813 995 1,089 1,175
161 315 329 309 300
659 670 856 895 1,162
987 1,605 1,948 1,739 2,082
1,962 2,515 3,203 2,805 3,957
219 320 1,075
f 241 242 203 307
I 213 212 187 272
6,080 7,034 8,733 8,357 9,291
412 369 467 469 490
101 94 87 92 97
332 352 432 460 574
237 155 180 170 176
261 422 467 439 483
886 797 975 873 998
FOREIGN COMMERCE;
Or
a>
O r

N o . 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o f U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
g r o u p a n d a r t i c l e
G r o u p 8.— C h e m ic a l s , e t c .— C o n tin u e d
Medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations—Con.
Proprietary medicinal preparations—Continued.
Cold, cough, and bronchial preparations_______
Asthma, catarrh, and hay-fever preparations,
including inhalants________________________
Malaria, chill, and fever remedies_____________
Tonics, blood purifiers, emulsions, and appetizers____________________________________
Laxatives, purgatives, and cathartics___________
Milk of magnesia___________________________
Digestive preparations____1__________________
Headache, neuralgia, and pain remedies—_______
Other proprietary medicinal preparations_______
Chemical specialties_____________________________
Nicotine sulphate_______________________ 1,000 lbs__ 8326 220 541
- Copper sulphate (blue vitriol)_______________ do______ 6,231 4,488 10, 734
Lead arsenate____ :_______________________ do________ 81,643 1,077 828
Calcium arsenate_________________________ do________ 82,499 2,945 6,295
Other agricultural insecticides, etc................do
Household and industrial insecticides, and exterminators:
Liquids__________ _______________1,000 2bs__
Solids_________________
do___
Household and industrial disinfectants, deodorants,
etc_________________ 1,000 lbs—
Baking powder________________________ do___
Flavoring extracts__________________1,000 gals..
P e c t i n _________________________ 1,000 lbs...
Petroleum jelly________________
Tobacco extracts_______________________ do___
Dextrine or British gum________________ do___
Textile specialty compounds_____________ do___
Water softeners, purifiers, boiler and feed-water
compounds________________
Metal-working compounds______________ do___
Synthetic gums and resins (powder, flake, or
liquid)51_________________________ 1,000 lbs__
Pyroxylin products, known as celluloid, pyralin,
viscoloid, fiberloid, etc.:
'
do___ 6,976
121,981
21,239
1,000 lbs— b3,092 2,013
b1,809 1,036
QUANTITY
1936-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
20,093
4,952
/ 6,909 8,396
} 4,561
1, 758
2,956
25
12,302
1,276
11,535
4,828
4,263
513
2,385
2,251
43
22,177
1,591
4,947
3,529
517 501 501
23, 528 31,250 29, 240
1,043 1, 021 1,713-
5,383 5,243 6, 731
9,491 11,365 11, 673
4, 284
561
2,385
2,614
49
39,361
1,582
4,989
3,757
2,710 3,220
2,082 3,003
5,070
482
2,239
2,731
92
311
37,727
849
6,681
5,327
2,711
1,839
5, 347
412
3,153
3,271
91
4S2
45,017
396
8,667
10,426
3,162
3,111
4,301 6,906 6,920 11, 897
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
u> 511 364 530 687 702 729
205 243 349 244 304
124 100 85 110 70 61
( 1,151 1, 607 2,071 2,098 2,151
\ 766 890 1,031 866 920
10 283 163 149 185 235 261
s 76 119 180 244 200 179
146 85 92 131 141 215
898 1, 070 1,316 1,296 1, 656
16, 866 14, 874 20, 461 27, 525 29,011 36,044
6 206 137 272 317 304 303
326 151 343 1,212 1, 229 1,157
8 199 93 64 91 95 160
s 135 121 274 243 216 301
f 624 762 948 1,026 1,180
I 4,236 O 1,305
f 1,123 1, 224 1,339 1,472
1 118 139 122 111
{ 184 254 261 248 291
1,705 701 406 462 447 546
463 187 282 345 511 657
205 297
901 729 1,085 1,731 1, 610 1,947
« 432 201 257 256 141 70
920 442 229 256 274 385
249 346 388 456 792
8365 254 319 378 325 373
8 275 129 215 332 221 368
738 1,375 1, 328 2,378
Cr
C i
FO R EIG N COM M ERCE.

Pyroxylin scrap and film scrap______ 1,000 lbs.. 1
Pyroxylin plastic film support (celluloid film I
base).......... .................................. — 1,000 lbs.. j
Pyroxylin sheets, rods, or tubes_________ do____ j
•Cellulose acetate sheets, rods, or tubes 52___ do_____
Nitro and aceto cellulose:
Solutions, collodion, etc_______________do____ )
N ot in solution______________________ do____ J
Can cements__________________________do____ ]
-Other cementing preparations for repairing, seal- >.
ing, and adhesive use_____ ___ 1,000 lbs._ j
Specialty cleaning and washing compound
1,000 lbs_
Polishes:
Metal and stove polishes______________do___
Shoe polishes and shoe cleaners________ do___
Leather dressings and stains___________do____ 1
Floor wax, wood and furniture polishes___do____>
Automobile polishes....................................do____J
Tanning specialty compounds___________ do_____
Other chemical specialty compounds, n. e. s___ :___
Industrial chemicals_____________________________
Acids and anhydrides:
Organic (exclusive of coal-tar acids)53_1,000 lbs___
Inorganic:
Boric (boracic)_____________________do___
Hydrochloric (muriatic)53____________do___
Other inorganic adds and anhydrides Ea v
1,000 lbs_.
Alcohols:
Methanol -- .______________ .1,000 gals..
Butanol (butyl alcohol) «__________ 1,000 lbs..
Glycerin____________________________do___
Other alcohols u _____________________ do___
Acetone______________________________do___
Formaldehyde (formalin)___ ____________ do___
Carbon bisulphide_____________________do___
Butyl--------- ---------------------------------------do—
Synthetic collecting reagents for concentration of
ores, metals, or minerals___________ 1,000 lbs..
Other organic chemicals___________ ____—do—
3,255
J1,815
2,033
3,016
4,275
83,797
21,322
540
1,099
3 2,811
s 5,500
2,670
5955
f 1,488 3,473 1,038 1, 447
4,471
1 3,171 3, 6S9 3,418 3,602
671 616 613 342 259
651 887 692 2,213
2,650
/ 1,175 1,129 900 840
\ 2,816 3,179 3,255 4,333
| 559 661 440 674
3,474
i 3,215 4.744 3,597 3,995
1,839 2,810 2,944 3,562 4,4S0
785 930 905 713 679
1,251 1,601 2,016 1,819 2,057
2,514 1,961 2,116 1,713 2,054
868 913 1,062 1,070 1,259
832 1,116 1,193 1,477 1,374
1,786 3,785 3,224 4,296
1,262 3,523 1,884 1,720 5,531
6,009 9,257 15,844 11,191 18,573
4,849 6,094 7,629 6,296 7; 375
9,202 13,073 16,828 11, 515 18,464
773 668 876 196 1,220
2,550 3,124 3,346 4,286 7.619
f 1,146 1,375 3,746 7,399
1 8,723 12,233 16,518 21,295
3,635 5,636 9,514 11,212 23,115
2,495 1,844 2,865 1,765 3,926
3,357 4,998 5,882 3,936 5,503
f 2,890 3,941 4,144 6,828
17,144 1} 15,246 f 6,990 8,485 11,583
1 X 16,896 17,062 23,125
1,974
*509
305
876
888
} 8 4,856
3 1930 only.
8 Average for years 1928-30.
m Average for yeais 1929 and 1930.
12 Average for years 1927-30.
£Cfa Included under “ Other fruit preparations” in Group 1, p. 528, prior to 1938.
51 Included with “Synthetic resin products” in Group 9, p. 574, prior to 1936.
82 Included under “ Other industrial chemicals” prior to 1936.
33 “ Organic (exclusive of coal-tar acids)” and “Hydrochloric (muriatic)” included in “ Other inorganic acids and anhydrides” prior to 1931.
« Butanol (butyl alcohol) included in “ Other alcohols” prior to 1931.
28, 871
3165
968
367
179
367
8 492
221
8 181
!
2,597
j 168 290 119 143
I 2,797 3, 265 2,855 3,275
495 428 458 277 218
482 711 674 2,133
535
f 246 259 222 224
\ 533 571 566 851
j 121 174 99 160
515
1 387 548 422 447
187 345 318 406 433
113 137 128 105 107
318 355 416 392 446
354 316 351 296 372
160 163 195 198 207
195 226 236 294 261
3,898
/ 135 254 240 342
1 6,536 9,394 11, 748 13.638
18, 633 21,785 27,350 25,130 36,505
154 413 305 261 760
256 498 735 514 867
77 98 123 123 130
364 432 554 504 676
341 283 316 SO 473
244 298 288 360 593
337
f 183 338 427 959
i 977 1,441 1,537 2,068
295 456 616 635 1, 562
129 89 119 77 177
164 226 261 184 261
274 399 403 562
2,169 j} 2,250
/ 1,165 1,431 1, 905
\ 2,155 2,395 3,131
FO REIG N C O M M E R C E 567'

N o . 5*75.— E x p o r t s o p U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939
C o n tin u e d
1,000 gals.. > 1 ,5 6 7 2 ,1 5 3 2 ,6 9 3 2, 366 2 ,6 0 7 1 2 ,9 0 9 3 ,8 4 7 4 ,7 3 5 4 ,2 40 4, 707
QUANTITY VALUE IN THOUSA NDS OF DOLLARS
GROUP AND ARTICLE
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 8 .— C h e m ic a l s , e t c —Continued
"Industrial chemicals—Continued.
Aluminum sulphate_________________1,000 lbs.. 4 7 ,0 8 6 5 6 ,5 8 4 5 7 ,5 7 6 63,6X 5 55, 471 69, 467 549 571 578 679 579 745
Other aluminum compounds_____________ do__ 8 1 ,1 3 5 i ; 123 2 ,9 6 6 5 ,2 1 7 3, 500 3 ,5 8 4 8 115 1 04 250 426 257 208
Calcium carbide_______________________ do__ 4 297 2 ,967 4 ,1 6 4 4 ,8 3 1 3, 982 8 ,3 2 8 184 115 148 157 124 260
Calcium chloride_______________________do__ H 3 6 ,7 7 5 4 7 ,7 0 4 55, 662 4 3 ,4 6 3 48, 236 3 8 ,7 6 5 « 439 470 504 415 397
Potassium compounds (not fertilizer)______ do__ 3, 616 3, 633 4 ,6 6 5 4 ,1 8 9 5, 233 7; 158 500 4 04 487 484 486 808
Sodium compounds, n. e. s______________do____ 5 0 0 ,6 9 4 4 73r 077 514,938 7 0 3 ,2 1 9 519. 941 705, 563 1 0 ,5 4 8 8 ,6 7 5 9 ,8 6 7 12, O il 10, 426 14, 778
Bichromate and chromate_____________do..
7 ,3 8 3 7 ,1 8 8 6 ,5 5 3 6 ,3 2 1 4, 839 1 0 ,8 5 5 476 412 397
Cyanide____________________________do..
1, 552 802 750 889 1, 136 2 ,3 3 9 243 114 117 L£6 149 295
Borate (borax)______________________ do_. 112, 770 192,9 3 9 2 0 4 ,0 4 2 3 0 8 ,1 0 4 155, 038 182, 278 2 ,6 2 5 2 ,9 3 7 3 ,1 2 0 4 ,7 1 6 2 , 642 3 ,2 3 0
Silicate (water glass)_________________ do.. 57, 977 3 7 ,9 7 5 13, 282 15, 594 12, 099 1 6 ,0 3 9 532 332 202 241 204 263
Carbonate (soda ash, sal soda)_________ do___ 68, 348 6 3 ,3 6 7 90, 047 111, 571 102, 033 160,1 1 3 1, 269 894 1 ,0 9 5 1 ,2 7 9 1 ,3 2 7 2 ,0 8 0
Bicarbonate (acid soda or baking soda)___ do___ 19, 020 1 5 ,2 6 8 16, 529 1 9 ,2 7 1 20, 963 3 1 ,1 1 3 357 262 275 307 332 505
Hydroxide (caustic soda)_____________ do7— 114; 211 126,8 5 5 156, 710 2 0 3 ,9 7 5 200, 003 2 6 1 ,0 0 0 3 ,3 6 3 2 ,8 8 5 3 ,1 2 8 3, 634 4 .1 0 5 5, 535
Sodium phosphate___________________ do_.
7 ,3 7 7 6 ,9 2 2 5 ,8 6 9 7, 635 8 ,9 0 6 197 213 220 3 i0 385
Other sodium compounds, n. e. s______do.. 1 1 9 ,4 3 2 2 i; 306 2 0 ,1 0 2 3 1 ,6 2 5 16, 196 3 2 ,9 2 0 1 ,6 8 3 641 820 1 ,0 9 1 1, 040 1 ,7 3 4
Tin compounds_______________________ do..
* 6 0 4 334 345 218 172 204 * 1 8 2 73 97 70 46 56
*Gases, compressed and liquified;
Ammonia, anhydrous________________ do.. 8 2 ,1 7 0 1, 383 1 ,7 4 0 2 ,1 9 5 2, 710 4, 814 * 3 4 3 177 255 251 294 587
Other gaseous refrigerants_____________ do..
1 ,0 4 6 1 ,9 1 6 1, 889 3 ,0 2 5 267 4 24 447 675
Chlorine____________________________do— 8 6 ,7 3 1 10, 336 7 ,5 8 2 8 ,5 8 9 9, 486 12, 001 * 2 4 9 249 244 347 256 257
Other gases, n. e. s. Ma_____________ ____
*397 458 292 349 287 330
Other industrial chemicals__________________
8, 537 2 ,8 5 8 2 ,8 1 8 2 ,9 2 0 2 ,6 0 0 3, 361
.'Pigments, paints, and varnishes_________________
2 2 ,6 0 5 1 3 ,5 6 7 17, 789 2 1 ,5 6 6 1 8 ,6 5 5 2 2 ,7 6 2
Mineral earth pigments:
Ocher, umber, sienna, and other forms of iron
oxide for paints_________________ 1,000 lb s.. i ( 1 5 ,7 6 8 2 9 ,2 5 9 1 3 ,4 7 8 11, 396 10, 910 1 ( 228 334 376 303 299
Other mineral earth pigments (whiting, barytes, y 3 9 ,0 1 4 \ )■ 923
etc.)__________________________ 1,000 lb s..
{ 1 3 ,9 8 9 2 6 ,6 2 4 2 5 ,1 7 0 31, 776 41, 04S f { 161 235 255 287 516
Chemical pigments:
Zinc oxide__________________________ do___ 2 8 ,9 3 8 3 ,7 6 4 2 ,6 6 0 5 ,9 0 6 2, 325 6 ,9 7 0 1 ,8 6 8 280 190 378 186 533
Lithopone__________________________ do----- 6 ,2 3 9 5 ,1 9 7 5 ,0 7 6 5 ,3 4 2 3, 468 9 ,6 9 1 321 228 230 232 154 393
Lampblack _______________________ do----- 3 ,4 3 4 1 ,6 5 4 1 ,4 7 9 1 ,7 0 2 1, 134 958 204 99 100 124 83 8 2
Carbon black or gas black_____________do----- 6 9 ,5 2 7 1 2 2 ,3 7 5 1 5 4 ,7 1 8 184,2 5 3 167, 968 2 0 3 ,8 2 8 5 ,8 1 5 5 ,4 5 6 7 ,2 5 1 8 ,7 0 0 7 ,5 8 0 8 ,8 8 9
Bed lead and litharge **______________ do----- 4 ,5 2 2 4 ,3 7 1 4 ,3 9 2 4 ,7 7 2 0 , 001 6 ,8 0 3 381 2 44 280 379 319 440
White lead__________________________do----- 1 2 ,4 8 7 4 ,6 5 4 3 ,7 2 3 2 ,4 7 3 2, 822 4 ,0 4 7 973 267 266 207 191 275
Other chemical pigments______________do----- 5 | 668 6 ,1 6 7 7 ,8 2 3 9 ,7 8 9 9, 516 1 8 ,5 8 6 787 868 1 ,2 8 7 1 ,5 1 5 1 ,3 4 0 2 ,1 9 1
'Bituminous paints, liquid and plastic__________
612 3 82 266 331 264 384
’Paste and semi paste paint colors in oil, putty,
and paste wood filler........ .......... 1,000 lbs__ 1111,721 2 ,1 3 0 2 ,2 2 9 2,744 2, 509 3 ,2 6 8 f 307 339 407 383 523
^Beady-mixed paints, stains, and enamels
Or
05
OO
FO REIG N C O M M ERCE

90iA9ij
Kalsomme or cold-water paints, dry-----1,000 lbs..
Nitrocellulose (pyroxylin) lacquers:
Pigmented----------------------- 1,000 gals..
Clear_____________________________ --do-----
Ttdnners for nitrocellulose lacquers--------do-----
Varnishes (oil or spirit, and liquid dryers)..do----
Fertilizers and fertilizer materialB__fcons of 2,240 lb s..
Nitrogenous fertilizer materials:
Ammonium sulphate____________ _____ do----
Other nitrogenous chemical materials----- do-----
Nitrogenous organic waste materials-------do—
Phosphate materials:
Phosphate rock:
High-grade hard rock----------------------- do—
Land pebble and other______________ do—
Superphosphate_____________________ do—
Other phosphate materials____________ do—
Potassie fertilizer materials______________do—
Nitrogenous phosphatic (concentrated chemical
. fertilizers)__________________tons of 2,240 lbs..
Prepared fertilizer mixtures_____________ do—
Explosives, fuses, etc___________________ -—
Explosives:
Smokeless powder_________________l,0001bs_.
Dynamite___________________________ do.
Other explosives......... — ...........................do.
Puses and blasting caps:
Soap and toilet preparations..
Soap:
Toilet and fancy______________________do—
Laundry____________________________ do—
Powdered or flaked___________________ do....
Shaving creams....... ..................-..........— do—
Shaving cakes, powders, and sticks_____ do—
Scouring bricks, pastes, powders, soaps, and
household washing powders_______ 1,000 lbs_.
Other_________ -____________________ do—
Dental creams-------------- ------------------------do—
Other dentifrices-----------
do.—.
Toilet powders:
Talcum powders in packages________________
Face and compact powder__________________
io8,104 5,366 7,834 8,653 7,584 9,225
127,851 39,991 105, 782 73,916 30,716 46, 664
f 123,743 124,840 123,008 158,621 106, 749
| 15,254 \ 10,983 14,337 18,105 19,153 12, 542
91,103 88,269 163,946 120,478 181,920 132, 983
895,778 809,988 1, 045, 005 932,324 958,921 816,023
91,470 50,991 68,368 78,949 90, 237 95,224
3,745 3,489 55, 665 32,581 29,080
io 14, 542 29,741 91,992 91,992 75,122 122,098
80,922 20,579 25,524 22,762 16,025 22, 676
27, 508 3,657 4,640 3,751 4,788 6,201
854 177 116 153 88 379
13,840 6,677 12,253 14,431 15,614 22,204
3,214 1,042 1,341 3, 517 2,796 3,051
92,765 74,265 58,678 70,470 74,487 94, 004
34,508 13,760 26,166 29,866 28,304 35,204
3 563 321 299 650 362 364
7, 286 5,855 8,914 9,195 10,248 13,041
49, 965 18,263 11,559 15, 635 8^895 12,723
10 2, 296 1,094 1,251 1, 342 1,403 2,511
J 422 409 424 397 351
\ 348 248 240 157 265
7,744 4,745 4,409 4,399 4,024 4,680
8,174 1,214 788 807 1,027 1,191
3,119 1,637 2,024 2,168 2,293 2,459
612 317 307 261 280 243
U>437 271 406 459 412 491
1 f 349 583 763 600 601 ] f 875 1 ,3 0 2 1 ,6 3 6 1 ,4 1 7 1 ,3 6 5
I w* 1,265
J 84 117 201 205 247
I 173 239 447 421 481
\ 55*2,585
] 395 800 952 698 796
i 362 625 719 522 554
J 1 354 448 486 386 447 ) I 455 592 654 554 637
1,335,703 1,1B1,687 1, 647, 923 1, 520,950 I, 568,084 1,890, 240 17, 917 1 1 ,4 5 4 - 1 7 ,7 8 4 1 6 ,9 5 4 16, 456 1 6 ,9 9 1
6 ,0 4 6 1 ,1 4 9 2 ,6 8 2 2 ,0 1 4 763 1 ,4 6 6
f 3 ,1 8 4 2 ,9 6 7 2 ,9 1 9 3 ,9 7 3 3 ,0 1 2
\ 224 276 470 429 270
724 561 1 ,1 5 7 796 1 ,1 6 0 841
4 ,2 0 3 3, 718 5 ,6 2 0 5 ,0 2 3 5 ,4 7 8 4 ,3 9 2
1 ,4 2 9 535 688 841 945 1, 010
153 165 467 209 192
if 613 1 ,0 3 0 3 ,0 5 0 3 ,2 7 9 2 ,6 0 0 4 ,4 4 7
3 ,3 4 7 769 1 ,0 2 9 1 ,0 0 1 746 1 ,1 2 4
1 ,1 6 7 130 149 145 154 238
4 ,0 7 2 1 ,826 2 ,6 1 8 3 ,8 6 3 3, 866 4 ,9 9 9
704 118 77 101 70 247
1 ,9 6 4 868 1 ,5 6 8 1 ,9 8 2 2 ,1 8 6 2 ,8 5 7
460 222 165 719 415 564
575 384 386 484 4 36 590
368 234 422 577 560 740
15, 998 7, 306 8 ,0 7 5 9 ,1 9 8 8, 964 1 0 ,2 7 1
3 358 189 148 258 187 *197
2,272 875 1,211 1 ,3 3 2 1, 385 1 ,6 7 5
3 ,4 2 0 974 604 811 471 654
w 216 91 107 122 125 214
J 152 156 155 153 154
\ 110 98 95 73 85
} » 50S
502 333 320 337 296 343
8 42 106 86 92 106 126
2 ,7 7 1 1 ,3 7 6 1 ,5 6 0 1 ,6 8 3 1 ,8 4 2 1 ,9 6 4
338 144 147 147 181 136
f 477 500 600 620 710
I 287 303 366 358 405
° Average for years 1929 and 1930.
31930 only. * Average for years 1928-30,
m» Liquefied petroleum gases included prior to 1936, under “Petroleum and products/’ thereafter; see Group 5, p. 544.
Mb Includes bone black prior to 1939.
« “Red lead” prior to Jan. 1,1927, and “red lead, litharge, and orange m ineral/’ Jan. 1,1929, to Dec. 31,1631s SSa Pigmented, clear, and varnishes only.
FOREIGN COMMERCE
C*
O O

N o . 5 7 5 . — E x p o r t s o p U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b t C o m m o d it y G b o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C o n tin u e d
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1925-1930 1931-1935 1936 193? 193S 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 8.—C h e m i c a l s , e t c .—Continued
Soap and toilet preparations—Continued.
Creams, rouges, and other cosmetics:
Cold creams_____________ ______ 1,000 lbs 628 501 557 421 500 277 263 267 189 201
Vanishing creams........ ...............................do___ 363 251 281 308 369 154 105 120 146 1S9
279 307 399 384 352
2,078 113 154 189 168 190
f 545 585 558 655
\ 141 174 168 181
250 299 324 370 470
129 87 72 81 115
359 488 592 587 665
371 121 175 179 166 158
1,450 211 271 301 349 461
G r o u p 9.— M i s c e l l a n e o u s
Total..................................................................... 141, 983 69, 362 93,825 110,319 106, 640 106,386
24,350 15,815 20,856 22, 514 19, 867 19, 064
Cameras— _ __________ thousands 502 406 741 542 441 386 2,338 1,167 2 ,1 7 9 2,311 1,712 1,933
Motion-picture:
Standard gauge, 35 m m _____________ do___ 1 1 (6) («> (fl) 161 120 166 108 65
2 31 39 23 17 50 845 1,062 667 454
Other than motion-picture:
Aerial, studio, etc., for professional, scientific
or commercial uses___________ thousands _ l r i 1 9 1 1 f 255 331 353 652
I 404 i 500 350 340 270 956 i 367 253 304 245
[ I 208 152 69 98 I 1 593 500 279 518
591 176 226 344 355 265
Motion-picture projectors:
Standard gauge.................. ..........— number.. 1 1,454 1,624 1,070 1,120 I f 383 449 383 367
Substandard gauge:
> 3,80? 2,840 } 7,383 21,327 25,886
/ 19,449 \ 731 391
t 1,548 j |} 304 663 755
( / 414
245
"Motion-picture sound equipment:
} 37, 736 1,823 2,105
f 536 283 217
\ 1,745 1, 340 936
Stereopticons,'magic lanterns, and other projection
2,088 249. 542 802 742 730
Motion-picture films:
Sensitized, not exposed:
Less than 1 inch in width:
Positive film. . __________ 1,000 lie. it.. | 109
[1 42,457 / 21,792 14,667 11,200 ]
f 324 155
65,253 122,641
I 44,352 44,171 36,730 | 1,507 2,410 1} 647 \ 940 1,065 891
Positive film 1 inch or more in w idth.. .do— 1 162,463 133,403 133,144 110,135 1 1,730 , 1,352 1,245 942
Negative film 1 inch or more in width, .do___ [ 78,399 61,066 40,957 48,835 1 I 1,982 I 1,577 1,085
FO R E IG N C O M M ERCE

Exposed____________________________ do_
Negative newsreels58________________do.
Other negative films 56______________ do.
Positive newsreels SB________________ do.
Other positive films ___ ___________do.
Other sensitized films, not exposed:
Cartridge or rolls________________ thonsands..
Packs of sheets:
X-ray................. thousands of sheets..
Other_____________________________do..
D ry plates________________________ 1,000 doz
Photographic paper........ 1,000 lbs..
Other photographic apparatus and supplies (ineluding
unsensitized picture films)___________
Scientific and professional instruments, apparatus,
and supplies______________________________
Optical goods:
Ophthalmic lenses____________ 1,000 doz. prs_.
Speetacles, eyeglasses, goggles, lenses, n. e. s., and
frames______________ ___________________
Lenses, not fitted to instruments___ thousands..
Other optical goods____ ____________________
Dental instruments._________________________
Dental gold and precious metal alloys for dental
p u rp o s e s ...................................................... - ...........
Other dental equipment and supplies 67_________
Teeth—______________
.thousands..
Sterilizers__________________________ num ber..
Surgical and medical instruments.......................
Surgical appliances, artificial limbs, crutches,
trasses, etc..____________________ . . . . . _____
Surveying and engineering instruments_________
Other scientific, laboratory, and professional instruments
and apparatus___________________
246,284
8,912
237,372
21,268
843
1,965
2,762
28,339
3 3,411
Husicalinstruments___________________________
P ia n o s ..............................................
.n u m b er.. 11,985
Organs____________________
1,379 do_
Phonographs______________________ ‘__ do___ 173,636
Phonograph records_________ ..thousands.. 8,361
Band instruments___________ ....n u m b e r- 15,140
string instruments_________________ do________ 57,838
Other musical instruments, parts, and accessories.
183,815
13,475
170^341
12,922
520
1,474
141
25,327
1,606
835
292
15,093
1,694
5,003
24,401
s 1930 only.
6 Less than 500.
66 Newsreels included under negative and positive films prior to 1936.
67 Except medicinal.
213,926
438
12,048
3,837
197,603
18,422
5, 637
264
1,638
220,686
466
12, 689
4, 375
203,156
17,042
6,926
3, 328
291
1,628
208,041
476
10,523
5,023
192,020
11,407
9,903
12,453
206
1,589
204,807
557
9,991
6,044
188,215
11, 711
10,688
10,144
215
1,190
29 52 49 47
268 264 425
49,166
2,011
1,662
•566
4,501
42,249
40,810
2,703
1,987
957
8,910
45,848
37,442
2,468
2,109
661
12,245
42,240
42,775
5,235
1,736
604
14,161
33,219
7,435
"l~293
"6,"l43
4,272
463
1,789
1,588
11,476
1,044
427
1,292
2,283
1,328
3238
494
459
405
3,696
15,941
3,251
327
5,318
3,245
606
305
2, S89
4,419
806
‘3,"614
3,045
256
1,197
681
I,
4,655
22
454
101
4,078
2,797
786
129
1,127
6,416 10, 096
f 78
775 { I 1,117
30 97
249 316
f 54
1,322
| 2,055
1, 076 1,810
157 170
214 414
413 616
101 284
2,082 3,085
1,740 1,849
141 232
87 182
288 137
360 322
196 337
123 234
546 405
4.915
17
471 96
4,331
2.916
791
163
159
1,127
1,402
4,650
17
396
113
4,124
2,200
695
767
106
947
1,382
12,255 U, B75
174 153
1,270 1, 241
163 147
364 280
44 41
535 544
1,808 1,658
1,666 1,372
261 294
497 485
784 1,005
325 332
4,364 4,324
2, 591 2,815
265 266
380 351
281 582
419 440
388 279
245 220
613 676
4,526
19
433
125
3,949
2,281
1,014
550
122
899
1,340
12,726
140
1,625
118
355
49
519
1,983
1, 541
386
622
1,147
383
3,859
2,151
257
207
275
522
254
159
478
KffiElGK COMMEttC'E
Crc
-cr

No. 575-— E x p o r t s o f U n it e d S t a t e s M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939—Continued
GROUP AND ARTICLE
G r o u p 9.—M i s c e l l a n e o u s — Continued
Miscellaneous office supplies_____________________
Pencils and pens:
Mechanical pencils 58______......._ _ 1 , 000 doz__ 1
Pencil leads and pencil parts_________________ /
Other pencils.__________________ 1*000 gross..
Crayons____ _______________________ do_____
Fountain and stylographlc pens:59
Of plastic materials______________1,000 doz__ \
Of other materials__________________do___ J
Parts____________________________________
Metallic pen points, except gold 51__1,000 gross..
Other penholders and parts_________________
Writing ink________________________________
Printing and lithographic ink_________1,000 lbs..
Other ink_____________________________ do__
Paste and mucilage_____________________ do__
Carbon paper__________________________ do__
Typewriter ribbons___________________dozens..
Other office supplies_________________________
Toys, athletic, and sporting goods________________
Toys:
Dolls and parts, except rubber______________
Children’s wheel goods and parts____________
Mechanical toys__________________________
Other toys and parts, except rubber...................
, Athletic and sporting goods:
Fishing rods, reels, hooks, bait, and tackle____
Golf, tennis, foot, basket, and base balls______
Other athletic and sporting goods, except shoes,
clothing, and firearms____________________
Billiard tables and accessories_______________
Amusement-park and playground devices_____
Firearms and ammunition______________________
Firearms and ordnance:
Revolvers and pistols______________ num ber..
Rifles_________________________
Shotguns____________________________do----
Machine and heavy ordnance guns and carriages
__________________________ num ber..
Ammunition:
Shot shells_____________________ thousands..
Metallic cartridges____________________do----
1926-1930 1931-1935
10,986
642
3,286
1, 273
22S, 439
54,678
do_______ 49,095
54, 556
514 240
117 eo 42
363 143
5,459
so 236
912
674
150, 699
33,182
25,629
11,976
688 658
14,193
. 122,095
{
QUANTITY
1936
121
262
158
97 {
141
6,572
841
765
149, 569
23,995
125,996
24,883
26,133
164,281
1937 1938 1939
205
288
229
136 29
150
6,784
728
816
145, 523
160
282
278
142
29
124
6,712
647
572
126,161
183
| 800 270
359
242
221
41
139
7,958
837
707
157, 643
45, 225 58,869 16,857
57,056 57,709 47,185
45,298 37,096 43,238
1,718 2,814 1,054
19,534 13,965 14,215
187,422 154,245 132,017
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
9, 335 3,910 5,872 6,813 5,886 6,850
f 302 433 374 419
\ 138 169 147 192
1,175 418 458 522 468 565
128 179 170 188
} 1,614 M511 1,364 \ f 1,399 1,288 1,408
164 144 135
187 117 117
189 81 292 118 113 125
194 86 56 41
233 140 242 307 222 312
1,420 802 974 1,038 967 1,204
259 125 113 127 104 79
340 91 85 101 91 110
931 440 476 544 406 513
667 352 340 364 320 399
1,707 782 766 1,075 901 1,043
5,137 2,488 3,911 4,881 5,232 5.421
197 118 245 194 207 244
» 709 144 267 375 314 338
203 146 502 522 469 525
1,485 851 1,335 1,668 1,814 2,082
379 306 471 686 796 717
260 101 125 130 175 202
1,200 528 589 907 1,106 991
367 94 129 159 134 141
479 201 249 238 218 181
5,509 2, 757 4,636 5,676 8,006 5,024
931 249 462 864 1,242 324
641 217 1,269 593 547 373
471 109 223 384 333 359
235 467 615 943 1,738 1,083
814 312 413 446 319 324
2,004 856 998 1,607 1, 202 740

Explosive shells and projectiles______ 1,000 lbs..
Other, including fireworks..__________________
Books, maps, pictures, and other printed matter____
Books and pamphlets________________________
Bound educational textbooks.................... ...........
Other bound books_________________________
TTnbound books in sheets------------------------------
Catalogs and pamphlets—_______ ___________
Geographic maps and charts___________________
M usic in bools and sheets-------------------------------
Playing cards...............................
Lithographically printed m atter except maps........
Calendars, printed or imprinted, and advertising
novelties__________________________________
Other printed matter, including photographs and
blue prints________________________________
Clocks and watches_____________________________
Clocks, electric______________________ num ber..
Clocks, except electric:
One-day alarm clocks____________ thousands..
Mantel, novelty, and wall clocks...............do___
Other clocks and parts_____ _____ ____ _______
Watches__________________________thousands..
W itbout jewels_________________ do—
W ith jewels__________________________ do___
P arts of watches_____________________________
Time-recording devices and parts______________
Art works—Painting and statuary________________
Jewelry_______________________________________
Jewelry and other articles to be worn on or carried
about the person:
Of solid gold or platinum__________________
Of other metals:
M en's jewelry.............................. ........... . . . . .
Women's jewelry........................ ............ .........
Other articles__________________________
Of other materials................................ ...............
Jewelry findings, parts, and materials__________
Miscellaneous, n. e. s___________________________
Bottle and container closures (all kinds, except
cork, glass, and rubber stoppersj___1,000 gross..
Composition roofing:
'A sphalt roofing______ _________ 1,000 squares..
Asbestos roofing..........- .................-............. do___
Other roofing.................................................do___
Buttons, including parts, backs, blanks, or molds
1,000 gross..
1,000 packs.. 1,096 2,681
323 I
2,888
3,222
32 \ 4,952
513
83
162
15
388
35
497
47
527
40
u 42,866 114,159 196, 538 138,866
653 177 492 594 438
605 174 469 556 422
48 3 23 38 16
3,444
820
78
109
1,711
2,346
422
40
23
869
4,005
609
41
33
1,400
1,065 i
2,624 3,347
72
341
24, 295
12, 202
271
335
683
3,191
123 ) 231 \ 32 \
423 1 426 1 807
U, 142 19,9SQ 1 22,834 I
4. 206 4,895 6,296
1,410 1,384 2,264
2,095 2,710 2; 979
224 204 271
476 597 782
50 86 105
175 227 207
272 278 310
1,598 1,786 2,044
7,840 12,658 13,871
1,050
u 110
2,335
300
3,134
437
191 401 525
56 68 88
165 239 254
134 573 783
99 323 366
36 250 417
125 451 512
290 304 536
1,101 1,124 1,210
647 2, 225 3,737
19 54 76
n ( 588
V 1,757 \ 842
62S -N I 752
315 317
I 98 161
19,204 20,982 25,871
609 955 1,255
391 565 725
100 142 166
33 40 49
213 453 566
h Average for years 1932-35; 1 *Average for years 1927-30. 19 Refillable pencils and pencil leads prior to 1836.
m Parcel-post exports are excluded July 1,1933, to Dec. 31,1935. In 1935 exports exclusive of parcel post are included in “other office supplies."
*° Average for years 1931-34. 51 Includes gold in 1936.
4,890
812
37
41
1,716
5,902
601
S3
47
1,459
98.538
579
39
393
368
25
6,745
693
55
50
2,680
7,614
3,251
636
373
353
894
460
433
618
» 473
1,927
1, 264
1, 264
39,498
716
1,081
501
219
440
2,254
371
23,000
6,257
2,006
3,214
324
713
114
210
283
1,834
14, 302
2, 506
284
530
69
228
508
299
209
453
434
1,022
2, 601
80
410
949
804
206
152
23, 826
1,340
503
226
47
470
910
913
22,241
5,729
1,806
2,905
300
718
85
201
311
1,786
234
13,895
2,704
221
602
71
291
590
30 X
289
472
457
1,287
3,091
57
426
1, 251
768
354
235
25, 827
1,626
610
285
52
650
FOREIGN COMMERCE
0 7
CO

N o. 5 7 5 .— E x p o r t s o p U n i t e r S t a t e s M e r c h a n d i s e , b t C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s ; 1926 t o 1939__Continued.
GSOU? AND ARTICLE
Group 9.—M iscellaneous— Continued
Miscellaneous, n. e. a.—Continued.
Lamps and illuminating devices except electric:
Incandescent mantles.............................. 1,000 doz.
Lanterns, wick___________________ thousands.
Gasoline pressure lamps, lanterns, and parts__
Other lamps except electric...............thousands.
Other lighting devices, except glass______ ____
M atch es...__________________________ 1,000 lbs. 1,000
Fir e-fighting equipment, except automotive fire
engines.......... _•______________________number..] 35,239
Synthetic resin productsfla. .................................1,000 lb s..
Manufactures of cellulose compounds, n. e. s.65____
Brashes:
Tooth brushes_______________________ doz__
T oilet brushes________________________ do____
Paint brushes_________________________ do____
Other brushes..._____________________ do-
Combs (except wholly of m etal or rubber)
thousands_
Pipes and smokers’ articles___________________ _
Plates and cuts, electrotype, stereotype, halftone,
lithographic, or engraved____________ 1,000lbs__
Umbrellas and parasols_____________ thousands—I
Candles_______________________ ;______ 1,000 lbs.
Notions_________________________________ _—
Refrigerators, except electric___________ number_.|
Soda-fountain equipment_______________________
Shoe findings__________________________________
Trunks.______________________________number.
'Coin-operated phonographs ____________ do___
Coin-operated commodity-vending m a c h in e s
nu m berother
coin-operated machines except musical
num ber..
Household and personal effects__________________
A ll other articles.------------------------------- ------------- -
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936
a 192,891
239,374
63,702
182,596
391 84
1,067
15,795
29,562 _
» 8,814
W7,042
131
1,104
173
150,919
20,304
28,761
201,506
317
16
373
4,378
7,195
6,335
22,554
92
785
247
252,783
46,634
42,468
278,543
400
293
36
332
13,062
12,373
8,899
28,860
1937
122
801
368
713
274,715
53,428
374,286
1,264
300
64
414
13,092
16,427
17,951
36,822
1938
85
589
203
294,949
44,387
48,978
415,292
2,188
102
395
12,027
13,888
5,684
32,013
1939
100
1,319
239
1,162
362,019
45,164
61,056
415,556
7,208
208
87
604
12,148
11,567
3,589
2,305
16,387
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 193S 1939
191
1,759
409
125
341
3 174
1,266
a 522
615
192
458
149
240
1,965
765
486
1,487
552
10 398
539
14,822
9,912
*1930 only. 10 Average lor years 1929 and 1930.
42 Inclu d es pow der, flak e, a n d liq u id p rio r to 1936; th e se a re in clu d ed u n d e r chem ical sp ecialties for la te r y ears.
49 in c lu d e s s o a p , film base, sheets, rods, a n d tu b e s, p rio r to 1936; th ese are included u n d e r chem ical specialties for la te r years.

N o. 576.— I m p o s t s o f M e r c h a n d is e , b t C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s: 1926 to 1939
N o t e .—See general note, p. 483. Figures represent “general imports” for tlie period 1926 to 1932, inclusive, a n d “imports for consumption” beginning 1933. Figures for 1926-30 and
1931-35 are annual averages. For a number of items data arenot shown separately for all years from 1926 to 1930 and 1931 to 1935, and for this reason many averages for 2,3, and
4 years are shown in the table. However, averages shown for group totals always cover 5 years. In some cases the detail does not add to the total because of the different
periods covered by the averages. Blanks indicate no data or data not shown separately. Relatively small items, “Articles, ordinarily dutiable, imported free for supplies of
American vessels or for the United States Government, etc.,” are included in the proper commodity classification for 1933 to 1939. For 1930 through 1932, those articles were
included in the proper group totals but not shown separately except in group 9”, while prior to 1930 the total of those articles was included in group 9
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1936-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1037 1938 1939
G r o u p 00.— A n im a l s a n d a n im a l p r o d u c t s,
EDIBLE
------------- -- - - ---------------- __ _ .
4,033,469 1,704,266 2,423,977 3, 009, 852 1, 949, 624 2,276, 099
T o tal . . . . . . 125,084 54,734 89,087 114,494
15,372
13,523
200
331
2,708
2,607
14
21
12,898
10,708
41
194
18, 694
16,312
65
788
C a ttle _____ __________ ______________1,000 h e a d . . 378 134 399 495 424 754
Sheep a n d g o a ts --------..----------------------------- h e a d .. 25,264 2,460 6,887 9,997 6,022 8,057
P o u l t r v . l i v f t ______ _________
H o g s . . ! . . ___________________________ 1,000 l b s - 11,614 722 17,446 16,555 57 86 1,320 65 1,454 1,529
B . M e a t p r o d u c ts _____ ____________________ ____do____
Beef, fresh -.____. ______ ________ ______ ------do____
Veal, f re s h _________________ _________ ------d o ____
144,782
29,310
5,369
7,342
2,082
3,928
66,6X4
2,294
139
1,411
23
41
e a
152,498
3,977
104
12,945
27
756
191,917 148,149 150, 794 33,356 12, 247 25,615 39,883
4,666 1,634 2,354 3,347 203 308 460
209 102 176 851 11
9 17
20,877 4 ,2 8 7 2,274 1,489 189 1,791 3,158
9
105 68 1 «
1
126 %
19 368 4 4 18
863 936 1,579 546 76 109 151
„ _____ /IB i U
4 514 1,466 860 703 525 195 1,309 283 159 129 96
40
■pniiltrv] prApflTfiri 509 398 372 770 502 734 325 197 194 336 233 318
Canned" beef _________________ 51,206 41,213 87,804 88,097 78,697 85,870 6,458 3,080 8, 3S4 9,172 8,400 8,573
Beef and Teal, pickled or cured------ ---- do-----
( 1,053 2,181 1,753 1,560 2,165
j 79 172 119 119 154
Pork, hams, shoulders, and bacon.. — do___
• 19,764
1 2,688 26,088 47,422 44, 246 36,324
632 7,041'
| 3,534
12,990 IX, 730 9,570
Pork, pickled, salted, and other----- — do___
| 962 2,810 6,532 3,748 2,369
303 734 1,681 982 682
Other meats, prepared or preserved do___
I 237 156 . 203 218 175
41 46 00 58
49
Sausage casings—
Sheep,lamb, and goat--------------- — do___
J 19,952 / 6,148 5,507 8,312 6,028 6,238
/ 5,979 5,086 9,584
} 15,061
6,525 8,201
I 7,969 8,908 11,374 5,757 10,218
I 1,164 1,577 1,930 594 792
C. Animal oils and fats, edible-------------- 32,049 4,855 22,103 19,017 4, 696 3,855 2180 309 1,316 1,242 337 262
i Less than 500. Canned meats n .s. p. f. included with “Canned beef” through 1933; in “Other meats, prepared or preserved,” beginning 1934. 2 Average for years 1923-30.
9,368
9,116
39
229
5
29,754
156
11
671
0)
2
180
20,207
47
129
5
27,812
221
13
423
FOREIGN COMMERCE
Ox

No. 576.— I m p o r t s o p M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939—Continued
[“General imports,” 1928 to 1932; “Imports for consumption” thereafter]
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
GROUP AND ARTICLE
1926-1938 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
O i
O i
Group oo.—Animals, etc., edible—Continued
D. Dairy products.
Cream— —
1,000 gals.
Milk______
-do.
Milk, condensed and evaporated... -1,000 lbs.
Dried and malted milk__________ ------d o ...
Butter________________________ — d o ...
Cheese________________________ ------d o ...
Emmenthaler or Swiss_________ ----- do—
All other.____ _____ _________ ------d o ...
E. Fish_______ __________________________ do.
Fish, fresh or frozen—
Salmon...................................................do.
Fresh-water fish and eels__________ .do.
Cod, haddock, hake, pollock, and cusk.do.
H alibut_________________________ do.
Mackerel------------------------------------ do.
Swordfish and sturgeon____________ do__
Other fresh fish, n. e. s_____________ do___
Smelts__________________________ do.
Tuna fish____________ ___________ do.
Sea herring...............................
Fish, filleted, skinned, boned, etc_____ do.
Fish, dried, unsalted________________ do.
Fish, in oil, etc.—
Sardines-------------------------------------- do.
Anchovies_______________________ do.
Tuna fish________________________ do.
Antipasto and other_______ r_........... do___
In air-tight containers (not in oil, etc.)__do___
Pickled or salted—
Salmon---------------------------------------- do__
Cod, haddock, hake, pollock, and cusk_do___
Herring--------------------------------------- do—
Mackerel________________________ do__
Other____________________________do__
Smoked or kippered..___________ do....
Other prepared, or preserved fish, including
pastes and. sauces, n. e. s______ —1> 000 Ibs_.
3,670
4,744
2,228
5,777
5,279
76,862
347,142
5,603
52,594
863
4,705
% 019
32, 748
10,120
7,444
36,554
_do_ 36,436
3,452
36,176
27,633
3 837
5, 763
3 5,552
2,329
3 25,370
42,170
9,019
26,382
*2.409
>964
45
162
853
922
5,545
52, 715
10,237
42,478
288,008
5,182
43,002
1,326
3,024
656
4,946
2,727
6,626
6,242
26.380
3,068
3, 600
31,678
1,931
8,256 {
15,969
589
41,883
33,731
4,626
1,393
3,952
474
31,700 IS, 167 16,103 15,798 12, 067 18,257
44 137 5 X 5,871 70 66 205 8 2
67 20 6 22 832 27 15 5 1 4
2,245 1,554 739 223 193 47 98 70 69 13
24,584 2,924 81 2,465 806 111 1,191 201 21 126
9, 874 11, HI 1,624 1,107 1, 834 928 2,016 2,509 425 269
59,849 60,650 54; 432 59,071 22,162 11,985 12,717 12,809 11,542 12,844
8,029 13,147 13,317 14,141 2,606 2, 238 3,208 3,140 3,540
51,820 47,503 41,114 44,930 9,379 10,479 9, 600 8,402 9,304
S71,206 364,668 302,624 346,240 36,711 24,442 SO, 356 S3,911 28, 349 32,404
10,506 6, 616 5, 632 6,548 689 468 820 592 605 657
50,342 56,408 49,774 50,790 5,095 3,252 4,459 4,938 4,478 4,209
3,440 1,661 1,522 1,462 46 60 151 77 61 57
5,074 4,958 5,922 5,499 577 282 458 497 631 586
451 1,881 1,149 1, 210 125 32 21 99 68 66
7,135 7,464 5,380 4,039 >514 600 855 884 709 643
5,072 8,075 6,257 5,245 1,056 136 186 378 233 240
8,612 6,296 7,075 6,858 1,040 738 848 595 672 668
14,411 13, 694 14, 595 1,890 384 305 867 803 749
49,887 26,787 13,800 32, 590 269 198 388 237 198 338
9,255 10,870 9,455 15,649 405 334 894 1,073 915 1,489
3,362 3,499 2,809 3,003 3,124 376 372 424 367 386
35,787 28,727 21,854 31,657 4,908 3,276 4,610 3,843 3,220 4,663
2,434 2,170 2,061 2,449 242 568 834 865 897 878
6,843 11,053 7,192 10,126 / 1,099 2,034 1,252 1,669
712 821 592 605 t 195 221 159 150
19,931 24,174 14,653 15,465 3 536 1,140 1,553 1,879 1,366 1,481
265 124 225 438 369 72 29 12 33 81
57,987 51,725 48,203 53,918 31,689 1,861 1,938 2,367 2,021 2,257
37,672 35,258 34,204 27,399 2,727 1,760 1,816 1,477 1,494 1,273
4,869 6,435 5,878 5,453 601 205 256 408 304 258
1,135 1,264 1, 069 1,111 2,319 101 72 97 85 101
6,231 5,824 5,445 5,270 3 217 299 473 442 398 430
484 319 321 259 >125 62 61 58 46 45
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Caviar and other fish roe____________ do-----
Shellfish-
Crab meat, sauce, and paste________ do-----
Clams and oysters, in air-tight containers
1,000 Ib s„
Lobsters, not canned______________ do-----
Lobsters, canned__________________do-----
Crabs and turtles_________________ do-----
Shrimp mid other shellfish_________ do-----
F. Other edible animal products_________________
Eggs (poultry)—
Whole, in the shell_______ 1,000 doz_.
Whole, dried__________________ 1,000 lbs__
Whole, frozen, prepared, etc________ do-----
Yolks, dried______________ — do-----
Yolks, frozen, prepared, etc_________ do-----
Egg albumen, dried___ _____ do-----
Egg albumen, frozen, prepared, etc-----do-----
Meat extract_______________________do-----
Gelatin, edible_____________________ do-----
G r o u p 0.—A n i m a l s a n d a n i m a l p r o d u c t s ,
INEDIBLE
Total___________________________________
A. Hides and skins, raw (except furs)__1,000 lbs.3ft__
757 457 471 437 308 202 781 341 354 359 227 181
10, 696 9,096 9,019 11,157 7,814 13,507 4,553 3,048 2,928 3,676 2,741 4,582
s 288 1,451 1,153 988 687 810 338 207 249 191 147 184
7,581 10,496 11,122 14, 712 14,254 15,038 1,861 1,966 2,487 3,332 2,780 2,533
l ’ 603 1,259 865 834 727 946 970 551 471 418 326 390
f 392 679 702 643 798 } 1,306
/ 23 41 43 33 45
9,608 { 13,598 14, 955 19,017 14, 024 13,303 \ 867 1,133 1,529 1,080 1,113
7,831 1, 857 3,299 5,011 2,161 1,800
292 287 346 520 232 329 86 48 54 96 44 57
1,269 313 533 601 205 62 674 95 162 183 69 23
LOie 19
26 1 0) 1,167 2 3 0) CO
5,128 2,613 4,902 5,426 338 683 2,085 364 763 970 71 146
3* 211 628 805 1,483 487 25 640 56 86 168 58 3
3,199 1,321 2,358 2,844 718 500 1,677 503 958 1,048 282 154
1,525 0) 0) 210 0) 0)
583 346 303 1,033 513 1,213 731 168 137 390 213 469
2,522 1,555 2,837 5,969 3,576 2,737 561 592 1,139 2,153 1,424 948
337, 522 125,228 190, 797 222,392 115, 634 149, 750
447,460 260,809 310,480 312,038 181,993 323,451 118,003 39,795 54,763 71,058 29, 883 47,056
Cattle hides__________________ do___■ 223,274 97,625 141,617 124,633 59, 693 134,107 38,803 7,706 13, 956 15,748 5,180 12, 125
641 118 192 195 70 421
Dry or dry salted (over 12 lbs.) j’qqq
} 3,279 277 524 606 158 868
13,928 2,685 4,126 3,975 1,380 7,496
4,139 1,839 2,865 2.421 1,230 2,825
Wet salted (over 25 lbs)_____ {nSS ftu*8""
| 35,524 7,429 13,432 15,142 5,022 11,256
209,346 94,940 137,491 120,658 58,313 126,611
India water buffalo (lor rawhide) fbgCeS~‘'
16 39 73 101 38 73 } 365 147 278 386 133 233
*331 826 1,673 1,892 665 1, 259
Buffalo hides, n. e. s------------------------------- “
158 22 62 172 11 77 J 822 55 180 542 40 127
3,540 438 1,453 3,992 348 1,115
Hip and calf skins__________________ do,. 45,520 31,103 21,208 18,606 24,446 26, 596 13, 223 4, 349 4,226 4,384 4,043 4,615
Hip skins—
Dry and dry salted (6 to 12 fi,000 pieces.. 167 52 62 115 30 235
lbs.)______________ 11,000 lbs. 1,584 464 611 1,044 308 2,372 } 467 59 111 186 35 282
Wet salted (12 to 25 lbs.)
fl,000 pieces. 412 571 421 276 331 355
-(1,000 lbs___ 6,593 8, 572 6,941 4,104 4,983 5,784
| 1,454 990 1,071 786 662 832
Calfskins—
Dry :y and dry salted (less than f1,000 pieces. 2,512 1,054 1,020 523 339 954
63lbs.)__________ lbs.).
_____—\1,000 lbs___ 6,691 2,683 2,977 1,545 804 2,635
} 3,314 606 801 420 273 687
W et salted (less than 12 lbs.).
/1,000 pieces— 4,079 2,443 1,460 1,771 2,656 2,370
\1,000 lbs. 30,651 19,384 10,679 11,913 18,351 15,804 ^ 7,989 2,694 2,243 2,942 3,073 2,814
1 Less than 500. 3 June 18 to Dec. 31,1930. Omitting reptile and hides and skins, n.e.s. (reported in pieces), beginning in 1936.
FOREIGN COMMERCE. 577

No. 5 7 6 .— I m p o s ts o p M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
[“General imports,” 1926 to 1932; “Imports for consumption” thereafter]
C*
00
GROUP ANT> ARTICLE
q u a n t i t y
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1938 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 0.—A n i m a l s , e t c ., i n e d i b l e —Continued
A. Hides and skins, raw (except fur)—Continued.
Horse, colt, and ass hides_________1,000 lb s..
Dry and dry salted________________ do__
Wet salted__________________ do___
Sheep and lamb skins_________ do___
Wooled, dry and green--------- {l oooSsCeS“
Slats, dry, no wool---------------ftooolbs°eS""
Fielded skins---------------
Goat and kid skins____
D ry and dry salted,.
Green or pickled___
Kangaroo and wallaby.
Deer and elk-------------
Reptile skins, raw___
______ do___
fl,000 pieces,.
■\1,000 lbs____
fl,000 pieces,,
•[1,000 lbs.......
fl,000 pieces­
'll,OOOlbs........
fl,000 pieces..
U,000lbs........
--------- do.3k__
Fishskins and sealskins__________ do_
Other hides and skins______________ do.3*,.
B. leather,,.---------------------------------------------------
Sole leather_______________ 1,000 lbs,.
Leather cut into soles, blocks, etc.®____ do___
Belting lcathar 8_______________ do___
Harness leather........ ........ —........-do___
Cattle side upper grains and finished splits
1,000 sq. ft.,
Patent leather.........................................-do-----
Calf and Mp leather—
Whole calf and kip, upper and lining.do___
Side calf mid kip, upper and lining, .do----
Upholstery, bag, case, garment, ball, and welting
leather6------------- --------------——---------- —
13,423 9,384 12,043 12,044 4,876 24, 539 1,620 500 822 1,113 812 1, 556
2,920 891 1,465 879 223 1,896 508 59 133 112 23 172
1ft 503 8,493. 10,578 11,166 4,653 22,643 1,112 441 689 1,001 289 1,384
59, 898 41,118 50.690 53, 518 32,649 63,776 18, 389 6,138 10,348 14, 750 5,304 9, 908
3.056 1,642 2, 596 2,811 1,728 4,054 ] 2,883 643 1,438 2,257 1,046 1, 963
11.946 6;570 10,115 9,721 4,717 11,504
g, 355 4,670 4,482 4,441 1,846 3,097 2,365 2,346 3,268 922 1,381
18, 675 10,446 10,484 10,505 4,238 6,214
12,382 10,941 13.702 15,344 10,989 21, 578 } 8,792 3,130 6,565 9,225 3, 335 6, 565
29,277 24,101 30,091 33, 291 23,695 46,058
90, 669 70,019 75,186 89, 579 53,222 66,015 40.332 17,443 21, 544 29, 588 12,040 15,395
49. 024 41,821 44,684 50, 053 28,559 37, 882
74, 702 61,949 69, S24 84,843 49,598 63,124 } 36.310 16, 335 20, 645 28,637 11, 535 14,969
5, 225 2,831 2,037 1,773 1.379 1,136 } 4,072 1,114 899 951 505 426
15, S67 8, 069 5,362 4, 736 3, 624 2,891
751 781 1,151 1,173 1,137 943 } 664 435 632 781 820 590
864 829 1,116 1,180 1,270 1, 055
943 902 1, 295 1,408 746 920 } 749 510 967 1,344 554 759
2,448 2,048 2,841 3,304 2,144 2, 552

c.
Other bovine leather____________ 1,000 lbs
Sheep and lamb—_____ „_______ 1,000 sq. ft__
Goat and kid—------------------------------- do—
Reptilian and shark skin leather__l,000 pieces, _
Glove leather, seal leather, skivers, chamois
skins, etc---------------------------------------------
Rough tanned leather___________ 1,000 lbs__
Leather (not "bovine) for manufacture of foot-
2, 351
8,814
3 2 8 6
11,179
wear______ _____________________________
Grained, embossed, etc., or fancy leather
1,000 sq, ft.. a 1,053
All other leather.
L e a t h e r m a n u f a c t u r e s _________________________________
Boots and shoes (all leather)______1,000 prs._
M en's and boys’-------------------------- do-----
Women's and misses'_____________ do___
Children's______________________ do-----
Slippers and moccasins_____________ do___
Footwear with fabric uppers’________ do___
Gloves___________________________ do___
Women’s and children’s___________do___
Men's__________________________ do------
Bags, baskets, belts, boxes, cases, etc________
All otherleather manufactures____ ________
F u r s a n d m a n u f a c t u r e s ___
Furs, undressed________________________
Badger_______ ____________ 1,000 pieces.
Beaver_____________ ____________ do...
Caracul________________;_________ do..
Coney and rabbit________ ________do..
Ermine_____ — _____________ do..
Fitch___________________________do__
Fox, other than silver or black—------ do.
Guanaquito___________________
H are............. -________________
Kolinski______________________
.do..
_do_.
_do_.
Lamb, kid, sheep, and goat skin furs—do___
Marmot______ ________ __________ do.
Marten______ _____________ _____do.
M ink.__________________________ do.
Mole___________________________ do.
Muskrat________________________ do.
Nutria------ ------------------------ -------- do.
2Average for years 1928-30.
8 June 18 to Dec. 31,1930.
3* 1,000 pieces beginning 1936.
3,004
3 91
a 387
3 39
597
1,167
12,735
12, 638
98
3 52
100
3196
2 780
31,197
1, 525
2 261
2 524
2 8,498
21, 748
153
711
4,315
1,056
91
* Average for years 1929 and 1930.
‘'Average for years 1933-35.
8 Leather cut into shoe parts prior to June 18, 1930.
366 1,076 2,070 1,083 1, 321 3 73 92 259 612 275 297
1,059 1,550 2,354 2,081 2,616 459 221 359 606 456 490
3,738 1,199 2,254 2,304 2,938 4,076 999 344 487 365 480
539 14 22 47 18 i 3,012 286 6 6 52 14
1,552 542 1.07S 1,135 843 1,264
351 373 452 327 444 6,247 2X7 261 366 239 284
39 24 21 42 10 15
1,295 1,306 1,161 941 1,081 3 362 518 495 458 337 249
2,518
27,450 11,258 8,320 11, 734 8,282 6, 539
2,170 2,097 3,749 3,412 • 2,081 8,796 % 930 2,186 3,805 3,398 2,278
173 231 248 209 224 3 495 539 663 753 519 496
1,886 1,784 3,428 3,147 1,824 3 978 2,274 1,455 2,985 2,827 1,750
111 82 73 56 33 3 89 116 68 67 51 32
104 63 63 46 50 795 74 30 36 27 30
2,927 3,133 3,199 2,835 2,951 324 436 425 528 553 430
7,139 5,212 6,288 3, 567 3,203 12,467 6,305 4,416 5,589 3,088 2,714
7,120 5,190 6,269 3,549 3,182 12,328 6,276 4, 378 5,554 3. 060 2,682
20 22 20 18 22 139 29 38 35 28 32
3,330 983 673 977 695 635
li737 530 590 800 522 452
114, 785 43, m 81, 609 80,178 45, 837 55, 471
101,071 38,566 74,723 78, 542 42, 035 49, 759
148 109 137 38 15 3225 464 289 354 70 42
59 51 52 51 81 2,538 646 648 835 612 1, 218
60 3 6 309 94 39 8
128,354 115,290 72,938 109,966 20,171 7,829 20,921 19, 700 6,903 8,332
622' 747 697 394 657 31,651 605 750 1,128 401 585
1,072 872 628 749 820 34,231 1,347 742 750 780 1,296
905 1,074 905 590 920 14.256 4,913 6,345 5,459 3,105 3,313
217 185 279 158 104 2738 219 186 379 220 151
8,686 7,999 5,005 9,409 2,585 476 1,330 1,371 789 1,494
719 917 632 542 848 21,738 888 1,355 1,502 988 1,634
7,059 11, 573 9r472 4,794 6,232 216,169 9,574 25,717 28,898 18,820 18,342
803 '876 1,029 1,070 1,033 22,962 613 1,000 1,561 1,332 1,334
72 102 105 121 156 2,707 711 1,477 2,177 1,887 2,290
1,039 858 780 761 1,000 3,105 2,116 3,438 3,233 2,508 3,210
1, 577 1,901 1,556 498 401 528 115 157 136 30 27
820 465 277 514 668 1,573 657 671 356 409 623
47 44 27 30 76 443 134 208 126 127 206
6 Welting included with “Belting leather” prior to 1933 and with “ Upholstery,
bag, case, etc.,” thereafter.
? Includes rubber-soled footwear with fabric uppers prior to 1933.
POEEIGK
a
o
#
a a
C l
- a
CO

No. 5TC.— I m p o r t s o p M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939—Continued
[“General imports,” 1926 to 1932; “Imports for consumption” thereafter]
O x
GO
O
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 0.— A n im a l s , e t c ., i n e d i b l e — C o n t i n u e d
D . F u r s a n d m a n u f a c t u r e s — C o n tin u e d .
F u r s , u n d r e s s e d — C o n tin u e d .
Opossum______ ____ _______1,000 pieces..
____________ do__
Wolf
Jackal, leopard, lynx, ocelot and wildcat
1.000 pieces. _
Other furs, undressed___________________
F u r s d r e s s e d o n t h e s k i n , n o t a d v a n c e d b e ­
y o n d d y e i n g ___________________________________
C o n e y a n d r a b b i t _______________ 1,000 p i e c e s —
Dog, goat, and kid______________ do----
Lamb and sheep__________________ do----
Silver or blade fox, dressed or undressed
1.000 pieces.-
Other dressed furs---- -----------------------------
M a n u f a c t u r e s o f f u r —
Cut fur for hatters’ use, including fur skins
carroted_________________________ 1,000 lbs—
Plates, mats, etc., and other advanced fur
materials_____________________________ -
Fur-felt hats—
For men and hoys__________thousands— \
1 ,1 9 6
For women and girls_____________do-----/
Other manufactures______________________
, A n i m a l o ils , f a t s , a n d g r e a s e s , i n e d i b l e ------------------
Whale oil-----------
1,000 gals..
C o d o il_______________________________________ d o —
Cod-liver oil_______________________ do—
Other fish oils..-------------------------------do—
Wool grease__________,__ _______..1,000 lbs..
Tallow.___________________________ do— •
Stearic acid...............................................do—
G r e a s e a n d o ils , n . e . ---------------------------------------------
508 295 226 697 177 444 2 575 164 175 520 95 190
29 40 63 39 36 3 352 143 236 361 210 149
129 240 199 94 27 3 551 555 1 ,2 6 5 1 ,1 6 3 294 64
80 105 83 17 32 s 90 318 448 330 58 63
14 4 2 1 1 3 290 435 279 139 62 129
121 131 147 238 158 2 334 93 137 195 2 27 221
10, 021 6, 002- 5, 073 4 ,5 1 4 3, 752 4 ,9 8 8 8 ,4 8 3 1, 993 1 ,8 3 0 1, 670 1, 292 1 ,6 6 7
3 1 ,5 1 3 1 ,8 1 8 2 ,1 6 8 2 ,0 2 9 1 ,1 8 6 2, 055 2 2 ,3 8 5 3 ,4 3 3 1 ,8 3 4 2 ,8 3 3 970 1 ,7 5 0
153 78 156 116 96 34 3 2 ,1 9 1 472 1 ,0 0 1 1 ,0 5 0 481 190
328 293 256 . . .
1,
2, 245
f 1 ,6 9 4 1, 041 958
i 615 323 274
6 ,4 3 0 2 ,4 7 2 2, 874 2 ,1 5 5 1 ,1 4 6 2, 995
2 2 ,6 4 1 768 178 90 86 100 3 1, 240 235 109 56 35 24
2 ^ 1 3 1 1 ,4 9 9 735 612 176 96 2 5, 596 1 ,3 7 1 754 753 261 85
2 303 119 171 28 55 53 2 1 ,0 7 3 386 602 151 340 280
3 2 3 16 26 16 133 160 88 734 1 ,0 8 8 463 2 ,4 6 8
751 392 175 107 47 138
146 22 6 1 15 40 315 18 3 1 8 53
4, 333 1, 448 3 ,4 7 4 4 , 416 1 ,9 8 2 2 ,2 9 4
f 123 112 159 108 102 f 279 266 351 2 27 212
{ 328 676 630 400 76 { 319 703 598 381 100
4» 3 9 67 115 57 59
10, 884 8, 541 9 ,5 4 1 7 ,8 1 5 5, 524 5 ,4 9 8
8, 020 6 ,1 6 5 3 ,7 4 6 7, 303 2 ,9 4 3 2 ,7 0 5 3 ,6 8 9 2 ,395 835 2 ,0 3 0 925 6 52
2 ,8 0 0 2 ,9 5 4 3 ,0 5 8 2 ,1 6 2 / 636 1 ,0 0 6 1 ,1 8 9 939 6 0 2
4, 577
I 2 ,8 9 9 5 ,7 9 0 5, 916 5, 229 6 ,6 7 0 1 1 ,7 9 9 3 ,5 4 7 3 ,8 6 7 3 ,3 2 6 3, 731
5 ,2 1 8 1 ,2 4 3 174 167 71 128 1 ,8 5 1 189 51 120 106 166-
10, 387 4 ,6 8 1 6 ,5 7 0 4, 694 1 ,7 8 6 4 ,1 7 8 3 80 169 328 2 22 101 194
3 10 ,6 2 9 5 8 ,2 1 5 6 8 ,9 3 6 3 ,8 5 1 1 ,2 2 9 1 ,4 9 6 1 ,0 4 3 2 ,9 5 9 3 ,5 5 s 206 50 44
5 ,1 4 2 1 ,8 1 7 1 ,4 6 5 788 1 ,2 7 8
} 701
r 319
i 75
164
52
130
51 ]
69
7
1 0 7
2
EOREIGKT COMMERCE!

F, Other ft.-tti-mfl.1a and animal products, inedible__
Animals, n. e. s.—
Horses for breeding.....................— number—
Other horses---------------------------------do-----
Cattle for breeding................... —1,000 head—
Birds, n. e. s.__ _____________ thousands—
Silver foxes____________________num berother
animals_________________________
Bones, hoofs, and horns—
Unmanufactured74_________________ 1,000 lbs__
Manufactures_________ ________________
Bristles, sorted, bunched, or prepared.1,000 lbs- -
Feathers, crude____________ ________do-----
Feathers, dressed, colored, etc______________
Glue stock, hide cuttings, etc_____1,000 lbs—
Gelatin, inedible, and manufactures......... —
Glue and gluesize,andmanufaetures________
Casein orlactarene___________________ 1,000 lbs—
Ivory tusks in natural state-------------- -do—
Shells, unmanufactured—
Mother-of-pearl___________________ do—
All other................................................do—
Sponges and manufactures___________do.__
Beeswax, crude, and other animal wax—do----
Tankage7b_______________ tons of 2,240 lbs—
Fish scrap and fish meal------------------- do-----
Other inedible animal products-------------------
Group 1.— V e g e t a b l e f o o d p r o d u c t s a n d
B E V E R A G E S
Total_______ ____________________________
778, 093 445,199 645, 834 738,873 488, 601 508,752
A. Grains and preparations_______ ___ __________
24.4B7 28,214 84,424 102,392 7,976 12, 502
Corn______________________ 1,000 bus. of 56 lbs._ 9, 465 31,471 86,337 404 490 1,452 4,479 16,082 56,184 258 2S1
Oats____ - ..... ....1,000 bus. of 32 lbs— '205 3,291 149 58 7 4,293 102 950 54 35 5 1,506
Rice—
Uncleaned_____ __________1,000 lbs_. 10,766 3,889 4,439 12,539 4,468 3,796 454 91 133 373 153 126
Cleaned (except patna)_____________ do---- 42, 402 18,974 13,155 18,247 7,743 7 ,m 1,837 518 340 541 249 218
; Patna rice for use in canned foods___ do----- 2,168 1,755 4,715 5,201 3,655 4, 615 134 62 153 142 127 145
Flour, meal, etc___________________ do---- % 761 14,626 92,771 151,371 42,253 55, 018 95 206 1,565 2,793 683 743
Wheat—
For grinding in bond and export—
To countries except Cuba
Cuba__________________________ do__
Unfit for human consumption.............. do__
Other..................................................—do—
Wheat flour____________________ 1,000 lbs..
Biscuits, wafers, cakes, etc________________
Macaroni, vermicelli, noodles, etc.. .1,000 lbs—
80, B74 14, 257 27,441 33,422 18, 901 25, 622
500 296 863 785 483 415 1,134 274 439 591 403 312
2,678 3,276 19,189 11,773 6,177 6,434 618 415 2,234 1,461 773 876
10 9 11 12 10 10 1,152 689 1,026 1,235 899 941
664 319 186 206 164 157 1,097 380 310 389 337 223
1,665 202 92 1,287 1,368 3,315 336 13 4 41 31 69
761 396 643 568 485 470
129,256 86,174 86,156 115,708 46, 512 170,877 1,774 738 786 1,225 496 1,545
96 55 54 65 41 43
5,212 4,335 6,166 4,825 3,209 5,163 6,967 4,066 9,055 9,955 5,431 7,337
3,361 2,496 4,608 5,802 4,003 6,775 2,043 910 1,959 3,293 1,975 2, 584
239 101 115 111 87 133
49,743 21,545 31,904 51,052 27,425 27,780 2,384 963 1,535 3,761 2,457 1,741
1, 301 280 36 58 22 19
939 490 465 364 143 188
25,045 3,549 16,209 5,210 417 15,832 2,979 208 1, 369 571 28 886
189 28 40 69 65 59 608 67 75 191 156 132
7,129 4,595 9,349 10,143 8,025 10,595 2,075 1,075 2,011 2,231 1,274 1,480
4,713 4,150 2,683 10,643 11,749 3,797 229 68 72 72 64 48
993 507 606 582 429 492 1,115 460 562 588 475 476
4,727 3,769 4,268 5, 392 2,995 4,715 1,471 661 985 1,409 615 942
318,371 22,585 48,163 47,190 28,493 64,855 3 581 498 1, 715 2,006 935 2, 535
7c 27. 952 43,722 68,204 32,922 49,377 7o742 1,390 2,514 1,263 2,098
1,460 858 599 723 520 543
OG
O OC
1,000 bus. of 60 lbs— 1 f 9,221 5,751 2,942 7,933 | ( 8,196 6,023 1,865 4,311
I 15,858 18,689
i J 4,100 3,281 839 2,598
5,499 292 23 198 [ 18,574 13,203
J 3,736 3,811 638 1,627
1 4,046 288 7 49
j [ 34,170 8,392 25 19 j I 32,147 9,661 32 21
970 598 9,830 4,978 14289 17,279 37 13 184 158 224 195
643 298 292 379 311 286
3,561 1,81.3 1,305 1,696 I ,164 I ,077 319 136 104 147 109 103
a Average for years 1928-30. 3 June 18 to Dec. 31,1930. Average for years 1933-35.
7a Bone ash, dust, and meal included beginning 1939, included under fertilizers in previous years. See note 26a
Tankage for fertilizer is excluded beginning 1937. See note 26. 7c Average for years 1932-35.
FOREIGN COMMERCE
Cm
CO

No. 576,— I m p o r t s o f M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939
[“General imports,” 1926 to 1932; “Imports for consumption” thereafter]
Continued
Or
00
bo
Q U A N T I T Y V A L U E I N T H O U S A N D S O F D O L L A R S
G R O U P A N D A R T I C L E
1926-1936 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 192G-1930 1931-1935
1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p I.—V e g e t a b l e f o o d p r o d u c t s, e t c .—Con.
.
A . G ra in s a n d p r e p a r a tio n s — C o n tin u e d .
Bread, yeast-leavened________1,000 lbs.
Barley------------------------- 1,000 bus. of 48 lbs.
Barley malt________________________ 1,000 lbs.
Rye_____ _____________ 1,000 bus. of 56 lbs.
All other_____________________ ;___
B. Fodders and feeds..
Oil cake and oil-cake meal—
Soybean______________________ 1,000 lbs _
Coconut or copra ________________do.
Cottonseed_____ :________________ do.
Linseed__________________________do.
All other_________________________do.
wheat_______ 1,000 tons of 2,1
Of direct importation____________
Withdrawn from bonded mills____ .do.
Other fodders and feeds...
C. Vegetables and preparations..
Beans—
Dried___________________________ do..
Peas (except cowpeas and chickpeas)—
Green___________________________ do_.
D ried-
Split_______________
Lentils and lupines____
Chickpeas or garbanzos_
Truffles______________
_do..
_do_.
_do.
_do_.
Potatoes, white or Irish______________do—
Garlic................
do_
Turaips___________________________ do.
Tomatoes, natural state----------- do.
Onions...,....... ...................... . — . — — .-do.
% 495 2,833 4,834 5,705 2,270 2,308 344 271
3,815 8,144 10,384 126 776 f ** 2,900
4*207,845 301, 7G7 371,243 100,576 101,130 i 496
J 4ft 5, 456
8, 424 3, 889 207 « 0) 1 ‘*4,058
{ 539
14, 796 6,690
— 133,347. 35,821 73,976 146,149 18,954 48, 348 1, 253 320
95,822 62,148 42,633 106,418 26,270 25,229 1,901 617
34,570 44,867 90,944 143, 853 85, 513 111, 707 459 361

Other vegetables, fresh, n. e. s___ ______
Arrowroot, cassava,sago,and tapioca_l,0Q01bs_.
Sago_____________________________do----
Tapioca crude and prepared________ do----
All other--------------------------------------do----
Vegetables, canned—
Peas____________________________ do----
Mushrooms__________
do___
Tomatoes____ ___
do-----
Other___________________________ do----
Vegetables, prepared or preserved—
Pickled vegetables------------------------- do----
Sauces, n. s. p. f_____ _______ _____-do—
Tomato paste_____________________do----
Pimientos________________________ do----
Bean cake, miso, and similar products.do----
Other___________________________ do----
Other edible substances___________________
. D. "Fruits and nuts__________________________
Fruits and preparations________________
Plantains—— ----------------------------------
Bananas.............. -1,000 bunches—
Grapefruit___________________ 1,000 Jbs„
Lemons_________________________ do.
Limes-_________________ -_______ do.
Olives in brine:
Not pitted or stuffed_________1,000 gals..
Pitted or stuffed____ ____________do—
Olives, dried and other--------------1,000 lb s-
Pineapples—
Natural state.........- ....................................
Prepared or preserved—
From foreign countries...........1,000 lb s..
From Philippine Islands— ......... do—
Apples.................-..........1,000 bus. of 50 lbs_.
Berries, natural or in brine-------- 1,000 lbs..
Cherries, natural, sulphured, or in brine
1,000 lbs..
Cherries, dried, prepared, preserved-.do—
Grapes_____________________1,000 cu. ftjR-afcins
and other dried grapes___1,000 lbs_.
Currants___ -........................................do—
Dates— -------------------------- ----------- 4 °—
Figs....................................................... do—
Citron or citron peel................... ..........do—
Ginger root, prepared or preserved——do—
Jellies, jams, marmalades, and fruit butter
i,0001bs__
Other fruits, natural, prepared, or preserved.
Less than 500. 3 June 18 to Dec. 31,1930.
3.410 802 906 ' 721 702 664
139,624 184,427 310,465 471,610 248,336 413,912 3,740 3,310 6,228 9,067 4,335 6, 260
33,470 11,803 22,807 147 530 653 150 292
432’858 230,879 382, 758 2,9S7 5,428 8,104 3, 880 5,505
5, 282 5, 653 8' 346 176 270 309 305 463
1,333 604 447 320 450 1,159 140 46 52 31 39 122
31,340 1,485 462 1,000 890 890 3 365 398 144 278 206 185
101,580 80,625 60,019 53,807 62,520 55,400 5,266 2,893 2,283 2,204 2,434 2,222
8,253 335 290 227 218 213 823 19 17 14 13 11
2,549 1,752 4,792 8,382 7,001 6,388 155 100 283 467 366 330
12.479 11,387 10, 897 14,892 10,739 13, 777 896 439 401 542 429 505
13, 719 11, 746 8,967 8,942 9,314 7,146 1,374 900 788 651 624 567
4,391 2,311 761 395 742 150 473 176 69 46 96 19
949 1,094 1,059 1,280 1,092 999 74 46 46 60 52 51
8,841 8,070 8,879 13,574 8, 914 8, 682 603 520 558 827 584 675
767 886 1,537 1,876 1,479 1,478
84,868 48,407 57, 972 67,812 55,117 58,216
56,189 35,811 41,333 47,428 41, 616 43,723
*145 162 166 179 69 82
61,887 49,524 58,302 66,687 59,243 57,128 34,435 ?5,294 28,675 31,441 28,798 29,083
9,105 5,977 8,442 8,694 4,073 4,530 243 122 138 107 49 55
1,854 204 142 195 12
4,979 5) 293 10,927 10,929 4,793 3,227 ‘138 161 305 287 110 72
f 3,715 3,175 2,681 3,251 3, 238 } 4,719
r 1,480 1,476 1,752 2,078 1,856
1 2,445 3,609 2,928 2,899 3,153 \ 1,506 2,495 2,913 2,607 3,006
* 709 442 3,018 362 101 115 3 63 36 254 32 S 9
2,131 984 995 1,313 1,315 1,261
J 4,174 11,715 18,739 10,099 30,359 r 226 568 954 5S1 1,326
3, s

N o. 5T 6.— I m p o s t s o f M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939
GROUP AND ARTICLE
G r o u p l . — V e g e t a b l e F o o d P r o d u c t s , e t c . — C o n .
D . F r u i t s a n d n u t s — C o n t i n u e d .
Bruts _
Chestnuts, including marrons.......1,000 lbs_.
Coconuts, in the shell_________ thousands.
Almonds—
Shelled............
1,000 lbs__
Not shelled____________________ do.
Brazil or cream—
Shelled________________________do.
Not shelled.,-____ _____________ do.
Coconut meat, desiccated or prepared—
Product of the Philippine Islands__do.
Other_________________________ do.
Filberts—
Shelled________________________do.
Not shelled____________________ do.
Walnuts—
Shelled________________________do.
Not shelled____________________ do.
Peanuts—
Product of the Philippine Islands__do.
Shelled—____ _____________ ____do.
Not shelled____ ________________do.
Pecans__________________________ do.
Pignolia_____________ ___________ do.
Pistache________________________ do.
Cashew_________________________ do.
N ut pastes and preparations------------do-----
Other edible nuts, n. e. s___________do—
E. Vegetable oils and fats, edible___________do—
Cacao butter______________________ do___
Olive oil—
In packages______________________do—
Weighing less than 40 pounds..........do-----
Of 40 pounds and over------- ----------do.
Sunflower seed oil ______________ do
Peanut oil________________________ do
Cottonseed o i l ---- ------------------------- do.
Com oil -------------------------------------- do
Palm-kernel oil8*__________________ do.
Ocher edible oils----------------------------- do.
["General imports,” 1920 to 1932; "Imports for consumption” thereafter]
18,704
65,289
17,537
1,751
} 29,688
39.604
14, 571
5,639
9,108
18.604
12,839
8 865
33, 629
6,009
530
579
1,285
3 4,079
} 4,275
94,569
216
85,247
51,318
33,929
6,935
311,362
15,784
56,734
6, 588
580
r 7,281
I 21,104
47,939
1,886
2,843
4,242
8,472
1,760
237
1,083
1,106
228
363
2,139
14,025
1,060
162,819
11
67,577
31,701
35,876
7,519,409
20,229
8W87,922
15, 225
"c 2,713
{ 13,001
Q U A N T I T Y
18,324
42,052
1 1 , 1 6 3
557
9,647
20, 372
65, 098
491
2,340
4,174
3,576
73
99
34
259
47
363
3,118
22,102
919
705
318,174
24
60,972
20,261
40, 712
24,714
49,006
127,787
28,672
7,618
19,380
Continued
V A L U E I N T H O U S A N D S O F D O L L A R S
1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
28,680 12, 597 16, 639 19,884 13, 501 14,493
22,217 16,767 14,717 940 646 887 737 591 655
47,863 36,948 28, 086 1,544 888 670 7S2 531 404
6,606 1,639 1, 534 6,090 2,370 2,571 1,888 518 413
17 2 3 240 41 46 2 (0 1
7, 371 8,060 9,651 } 2,815
/ 962 1, 569 1, 728 1,417 1,298
1,053
12, 775 20, 587 22,849 \ 839 1,204 1,268 1,125
96, 213 67, 495 89,261 3,280 2, 236 3, 537 6, 656 3,708 4,401
464 398 336 1,170 76 23 23 14 11
2,005 1,940 2,094 1,155 395 434 384 336 392
330 417 1,534 .1,056 303 326 31 45 134
6,101 3,173 4,423 5,072 1, 524 529 950 456 592
263 138 22 1,557 135 7 20 11 1
1,588 3,851 6, 406 b54 13 6 97 202 332
41 2,496 468 1,627 30 2 3 52 13
430 288 320 252 29 8 14 10 20
177 147 214 65 49 9 38 24 41
459 353 286 189 78 73 98 84 85
3,458 2,733 2,170 489 502 722 896 793 533
26,848 26,069 29,466 3856 2,265 3,707 4.113 3,515 4,039
262 106 160
/ 246 70 21 33
703 555 324 1 62 87 48 54
S90,891 206,033 128,727 15,565 11, 992 22,476 30,808 15,970 10,712
14 10 15 26 3 5 4 2 3
48,343 71,086 62,866 14,812 7,438 7,437 8,988 9,786 8,077
18,851 30,701 25,121 9,024 3,671 2, 711 3,557 4,353 3,368
29,491 40,385 37, 745 5,787 3,767 4,726 5, 431 5,432 4,709
172 2
7« 879 1,621 10 «
57,999 15,553
602 864 % 642 3,601 611 175
194,031 77,500 29,454 *>■4,632 7,371 11,958 3,411 1, 025
32,926 22,242 13,965 i f 780 1,871 2,327 1,290 639
11,537 2,383 1,911 ]■ 3 630 { 7c 97 332 810 .87 65
45,870 17,257 16, 737 1 I 586 1,196 3,110 784 728
c
CO
5 8 4 f o r e ig n c o m m e r c e

267706
P. Cocoa, coffee, and tea________ —
Cocoa or cacao beans.........................1,000 lb s ..
Cocoa, prepared____ _______________ do-----
Chocolate, prepared--------------- ----------do-- —
Ooffee____________________________ do—
Tea........................ - ....................... ..........do—
G. Spices_______________________________do-----
Paprika, ground........................... ........... do----
Celery seed................__............................do—
Cinnamon and chips of, unground____ do—
Caraway seed._____________________ do—
Cardamom seed..___________________do—
Capsicum or red or cayenne, and chili pepper,
ungpround................................^___ 1,000 lbs..
Cassia and cassia vera..........................__do___
Cloves, unground__________________ do___
Ginger root, unground, not prepared__ do-----
M u stard -
Seed, whole______________________ do___
Ground or prepared______ ________ do___
Nutmegs, unground...______________do___
Mace, unground_....................................do___
Pepper, unground—
Black...................... -______ do-----
White....................................................do——
Pimento (allspice), unground_________do-----
Tonka beans______________________ do..
Vanilla beans............................................do_.
Other spices..........................................-d o —
I . B ererages--------------------- ----------------------------
B randy......................................... 1,000 pf. g a ls-
Gin..................................................- ........ -do—
R um ______ _____ -................ -..do—
W hisky....................................... - ............. do—
O ther spirits and compounds_________do—
422,263 4S3, 526 631,884 619,051 453,097 663,779
3,987 3,49S 2,982 2,987 2,854 3,5S7
3,089 377 548 786 845 859
1,492,950 1,621,744 1,739, 191 1,697,100 1,987,144 2,013,779
89,844 88,137 82,477 94,817 81,372 97,791
90, 213 94,405 141, 898 101,445 107,605 138,953
5,125 5,459 7,600 6,846 4,516 4140
856 988 1,273 1,356 1,027 1,358
922 815 850 663 701 1,528
4,753 5,990 6,570 5,808 6,438 5,251
203 196 226 233 224 226
2,274 1,380 1,445 1,774 1,531 1,142
8,720 9,004 11,036 10,876 8,197 12,744
4,862 4,179 4,633 3,812 < 221 5,036
3,878 3,707 3,599 995 680 656
16,922 11,170 10,139 17,757 9,196 10,332
1,725 1,149 1,064 1,218 726 1,240
4,122 4,410 4,175 5,177 4,038 5,379
734 712 798 871 735 796
22,894 30,289 69,345 29,446 52,288 66,264
4,117 4,781 7, 704 4,786 5,842 9,141
2,300 2,830 2,397 586 874 2,739
'328 512 745 620 619 628
1,245 1,191 1,165 996 1,025 1,018
4,328 5,643 7,133 - 7,625 4,727 7,334
H. Sugar and related products____________________
Sugarcane, natural___ 1,000 tons of 2,000 lbs._ »240 120 0 « 0) 0)
Beet sugar________
1,000 lbs.. 354 1,569 3,006 3,939 1,227 4
Cane sugar......................
do___ 8,470,917 5,972,135 5,935,587 6,391,857 5,947,946 5,806,632
Product of Philippine Islands 8°___ do___ 1,209,073 2,043,114 1,896,818 1,93a 038 1,903,299 1.902134S
Other..... ................................................do— 7,261,844 3,929,021 4,038,769 4,461,819 4044^647 3,904,284
Molasses, n. e. s.................................i,00Ogals-. 267, 741 11,548 17,625 10,882 10,956 11,564
Molasses not for human consumption___ do— 26.334 190, 606 235,061 301,450 177,348 190.656
Sugar candy and confectionery, n,e.s.l,000 lbs.. 3,869 4,398 3,754 5,672 3,678 3,239
Maple sugar and maple sirup................do— 7, 853 3,626 6,512 6,134 3,984 12,268
Honey, dextrose, lactose, and levulose 9—do— 257 113 132 245 198 273
1 Less than 500.
* Average for years 1928-30.
‘June 18 to Dee. 31,1030.
« Average for years 1929 and 1930.
*» Average for years 1933-35.
Average for years 1032-35.
f 500 646 738 666 770
|8k 107 70 70 62 72
69 *1sw 399 565 510 395 394
18k 5,736 13,375 14,364 10,321 9,846
I 335 506 505 339 341
81930 only.
8* Included in “ O ther edible oils" for
years not shown separately.
355,795 178,797
45,497 21,507
565 354
982 90
281,707 141,173
27,045 15,673
17,577 9,553
957 680
138 231
349 74
351 371
198 104
315 103
642 596
923 468
335 208
930 440
' 967 597
873 390
452 214
5,540 2,444
1,517 659
351 139

N o. 5 7 6 .— I m p o r t s o f M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
GROUP AND ARTICLE
Group l.—Vegetable food products, etc.—Con.
1. Beverages—Continued.
Sparkling wines..................................... 1,000 gals..
Still wines........................................................d o '...
Ginger ale or ginger beer, nonalcoholic...do___
M ineral w ater................................................do—
Group 2.—Vegetable products, inedible, except
FIBERS AND WOOD
R ubber, crude, and m ilk of______ ___ 1,000 lb s ..
Jelutoag or pontisnak_______________ __do.._
3alat&- ___________ ________——_____ do-----
G u tta-p erch a-________ ___________ d o ..
Guayule_____________________________ do . . .
S ia t and scrap, and reclaim ed-—.......... —do___
Rubber-soled footwear, fabric u p p ers11
1,000 prs—
R ubber toys n ___________________1,000 lb s~
Druggists’ sundries, n . e. s.»_________________
Combs, hard rubber “ ___________ thousands.
Golf balls____________________________ do-----
Tenuis and other b a lls 11______________ do—
R ubber tires________ ______________ num ber.
Belting, hose, packing and insulating m ateriaL
Inflatable swimming belts, floats, etc.
thousands—
Varnish gums and resins:
T)amjw .. __ -l.nODlbs .
K auri____________________________ d o ...
Lac, crude, seed, button, and stick___ do-----
Shellac____________________ - ________do-----
All o th e r.__________________________ do-----
T ar, pitch, and turpentine_____________ _____
[“ General im ports,” 1026 to 1932; “Im ports for consumption” thereafter]
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1933 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
} 39
106
912
1,042,301
16,446
1,298
2,255
6,618
20,951
2,691
8,286
15,369
4,485
4 8,333
26,554
40,856
1,512
10
621
1,014,570
12,098
2,349
1,886
sb 960
8,192
U 2,237
946
i.2,423
31,056
11,901
1,295
8,741
12,679
14,814
/ 502
I 3,134
10
363
1,090,693
13,805
1,199
3,229
2,753
13,542
1,003
1,184
833
531
4,784
88,428
577
3,240
7
409
1,339,039
15,922
794
1,942
6,028
14,191
911
735
907
556
4,773
69,287
483
2,947
12
301
20,456
1,141
582
5,618
7,724
922
289
658
537
2,813
20,466
560
3,377
14
373
14,873
1, 551
3,912
5, 001
11,119
863
247
596
692
3,994
28,996
663 873 436 618
15,708
Q?q
16,720
15,198
20,374
18,168
2,139
20,678
20,760
24,789
11,330
767
15,154
12,553
16,494
17, 335
1,021
23,215
27,818
28,941
} 93
112
452
745
573,128
302,945
294,428
2,396
445
471
1,577
714
1,013
98
■ 1,803
28,167
1,969
667
* 2,152
9,820
4,817
341
5,073
11
366
987
202, 537
78, 022
74,573
913
689
220
s* 81
84
4*423
4*266
s* 68

Chicle, erode_____________ -
Balsams, erode_____________
Arabic or Senegal__________
Tragacanth_______ —______
Kadaya (karaya) an d talk a...
Other gums and resins, n. e. s.
_do.
__do.
_do.
_do.
—do.
12,833
389
8,657
1,533
*3,925
6,443
331
6,530
1,841
4,237
C. Drugs, herbs, leaves, roots, etc_______1,000 lbs__ 116,216 91,722
Cinchona bark or other from which quinine
m ay be extracted______________ 1,000 lb s „ 2,257 1,568
Pyrethrum or insecticide flowers_______do__ 10,017 10,647
Licorice root_________________
do________ 75,450 54,249
Licorice extract____________________ -do__ 1,050 916
Opium, crude__________________ do_ 136 121
Senna________ -___________________ do___ 2,887 1,788
Plantago psyllium seed__________ do_
AH other___________________________ do__
24,419
I f **2,810
20,747
D. Oilseeds___________ ___
Castor beans________
Copra______________
Flaxseed____________
Poppy seed_________
Palm nuts and kernels.
Other oil seeds.
..1,000 lbs.,
-do..
1,000 bus. of 56 lbs..
________1,000 lbs..
___________ do__
..do__
.do__
_______ do___
E, Vegetable oils.
Expressed oils and fats..
Tung oil ...._________
C o c o n u t oil—
Product of Philippine Islands_____ do__
All other,—.................. — do___
Palm oil_________________________ do__
Inedible oils for mechanical or manufecturing
purposes—
Olive oil, sulphured or foots.. —.1,000 lbs.
Other inedible olive oil......................do—
Palm-kernel oil_____ . . . . ________ do.
Bapeseed (colza) oil......... -____1,000 gals—
Sesame oil..........................-___ l r 000 lbs—
Vegetable tallow_____ ____________ do...
Camauba wax________________.....d o ...
Vegetable wax_________ »....... do...
Rapeseed (colza) oil, n. 6. B--------1,000 gals.
128,553
515,371
19,771
5,973
17,967
39,717
93,245
485,127
13,619
7,368
78 25,550
7 815,804
74,028
49,136
6,750
335
8,424
2,093
5,467
96,428
2,051
11,757
55,161
709
171
1,733
3,092
21,753
164,077
363,485
15,365
6,901
27,443
27,836
117,795
131,335
.1,000 lbs.. 105,575 100,812 134,830
311,798
'201,139*
46,162
S, 583
54,184
* 478
9,854
6,692
7 6,579
5,899
2,342
311,714
7
243,181
38,653
13,945
17,694
1,670
44
7,919
3,405
1,175
322,050
15
338,789
17,401
12,045
12,523
3,023
49
2,977
12,500
6,063
5,403
JLess than 500. 7c Average for years 1932-35.
* Average for years 1928-30. 8 b Average for years 1934 and 1935.
3 June IS to Dec. 31, 1930. 10 Included with “Leather footwear with
Average for years 1929 and 1930. textile uppers” prior to 1933.
4 “Average for years 1933-35.

10,660 7,872 14,678 6,460 2,131 1,605 3,009 2,457 5,151
470 396 471 200 101 115 157 122 131
9,494 8,735 9,200 870 406 619 771 540 635
3,245 1,074 3,065 754 466 592 1,382 595 1,264
7»206 4,811 7,662 445 310 600 939 522 575
1,230 439 408 812 587 741
126, 773 109,232 114,048 9,474 6,023 6,905 9,384 8,979 11, 689
1,837 1,349 2,030 631 528 745 761 588 857
20,092 14,537 13,569 1,905 1,491 943 2,204 2,491 3,174
69,567 65,163 62,331 2,006 1,086 1,037 1,353 1,266 1, 391
740 362 466 193 114 104 64 31 56
184 171 181 880 389 709 663 716 708
2,553 1,501 1,980 195 83 85 119 69 77
3,185 2,636 2,184 | 3,665
r *» 165 207 314 277 200
28,617 23,512 31,308 1 2,231 3,075 3,906 3, 541 5,227
65,999 26,643 37,020 63,326 84, 663 33,182
146,808 114,073 162,611 4,392 1,848 3,621 3,644 2,046 2, 882
537, 750 513,017 430, 054 22,583 8, 553 7,790 17,744 9, 205 6,692
28,032 15,364 16,028 36,794 12, 702 17,653 35,207 19, 872 18,424
7,609 9, 649 5,815 487 443 378 528 723 472
88,291 24,340 8,251 349 567 2,673 375 124
6,180 9,176 7,541 7 c 378 794 213 264 198
11,065 6,816 10,055 641 1,768 3,121 431 269 348
57,882 60,187 140,397 1,103 746 3,096 2,885 1,908 4,041
72,963 36,757 67, 566 86,664 47,090 48, 709
66,875 33,020 62,827 81,208 42,595 40, 265
174,885 107,456 78,718 12,367 6,535 17,838 20,100 11,923 11,724
337,325 363,919 336,783 23, 500 10,279 12,226 19,886 11,400 8,384
51 21 13 1 1 4 2 1
411,112 271,325 288,603 13,209 7,254 11,631 15,835 9,125 6,282
22,101 22,356 28,180 3,285 1,765 1,128 1,954 1,241 1,453
4,870 5,444 11,304 1,118 1,074 1,191 770 564 1,067
127,819 186 325 4,415 649 591 8,396 9 12
650 689 1,185 3 223 538 1,344 292 278 399
(l) 941 (1) 4 0)
8,098 274 2,56 4 460 2 138 499 22 109
13,916 12,377 16,359 s 1,496 1,418 4,286 4,801 3,927 4,928
7,611

N o . 5 7 6 . — I m p o r t s o p M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d i t y G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— C ontinued
[ “ G e n e r a l i m p o r t s / ’ 1 9 2 6 t o 1 9 8 2 ; “ I m p o r t s f o r c o n s u m p t i o n ” t h e r e a f t e r ]
C7t
GO
00
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1936-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 2.— V e g e t a b l e p r o d u c e , in e d ib l e , e x c e p t
f i b e r s a n d -WOOD— C o n tin u e d
E . V e g e tab le o ils— C o n tin u e d .
E x p re s s e d o ils a n d fats— C o n tin u e d .
L in s e e d o il_________________________1,000 l b s . .
S o y b e a n o il_____________________________ d o -----
P e r illa o il_______________________________ d o -----
O th e r e x p re ssed o ils ____________________ d o -----
E s s e n tia l a n d d is tille d o ils_____________________
C a s s ia a n d c in n a m o n _____________ 1,000 l b s —
G e r a n iu m ______________________________ d o -----
O tto o f ro se s ________________________1,000 oz.__
JB erg am o t__________________________ 1,000 lb s __
G itro n e lla a n d le m o n g ra s s------------------- d o -----
L a v e n d e r a n d s p ik e la v e n d e r --------------- d o -----
L e m o n __________________________________ d o -----
O ra n g e __________________________________d o ___
S a n d a lw o o d ____________________________ d o -----
L im e _________________ d o ------
A ll o th e r e s se n tia l a n d d is tille d o ils------d o ------
F . D y e i n g a n d t a n n i n g m a t e r i a l s , n . e . s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Logwood—......................................... ........tons..
Myrobalans fruit____________________do__
Quebracho wood_________
do-----
Sumac___ ________________________ do___
Valonia________________________ 1,000 lbs..
Gambier or terra japonica____________ do---
Wattle bark________________________do---
Nutgalls and galLnuts________________ do---
Other crude_______________________ do—
Extracts for dyeing, coloring, etc_____ do-----
Extracts for tanning—
Quebracho--------------
do-----
Mangrove extract—
From Philippine Islands----------------do---
From foreign countries----------------- -do---
All other tanning extracts---- ----------do-----
5,649 2,930 760 402 123 49 414 110 31 24 7 4
17,316 4,887 7,187 29,752 4,258 4,126 1,109 195 353 1,810 186 158
a 5,474 30,016 117,903 43,591 31, 821 51,284 3 578 1,673 7,033 2,127 1, 665 2, 205
15,869 15,978 28,414 51,507 31,622 34,045 1,420 840 2,083 3, 842 1,767 2, 617
6, 588 3,787 4, 788 5,457 4,495 6,444
349 372 486 482 405 444 438 231 314 357 250 248
172 137 131 134 147 227 499 525 545 464 362 472
32 26 35 39 28 67 328 200 263 270 172 412
114 74 108 87 91 211 495 108 183 282 327 713
1,326 1,727 1,865 1,982 2, 338 3,275 618 567 425 618 722 827
315 257 299 261 113 413 754 465 851 514 239 683
471 216 149 89 97 149 884 149 188 239 258 312
198 138 176 205 194 238 585 156 189 287 185 193
14 5 4 5 3 9 58 22 14 18 12 30
/ 51 53 118 90 134 r 25i 270 611 326 405
1 2,846 3,229 3,963 3,468 3, 534 \ 1,163 1,496 1,798 1, 642 2,149
8, 552 5,110 S, 005 7, 828 5,040 8, 328
28,532 16,911 16,669 17,031 6,291 6,753 501 246 225 217 84 76
17,234 11,267 19,817 20,587 7,336 16,551 558 189 287 396 146 268
56,742 33,462 14,011 13,655 29,095 27, 757 897 436 296 209 485 538
3,975 2,210 1,614 1,596 1,105 2,112 242 93 66 81 58 115
19,231 20,355 6,410 25,429 7,481 17,192 331 258 121 380 103 236
3,942 3,028 3,178 4,616 2,990 5, 562 275 194 205 319 197 382
• * 11, 797 8,945 29,491 18,710 8,743 12, 921 222 102 322 240 159 206
3 1,066 2,171 1,841 2,810 1,557 2,764 3X22 179 111 222 139 265
54,446 16,778 15,464 21,342 9,129 20,767 1,145 247 272 805 181 319
1,579 757 1,075 1,615 2,333 539 143 83 98 116 130 64
96,192 111, 024 112, 025 142,412 85,228 153,032 4,123 2,582 3, 356 4,628 2,735 5,082
] [7el0, 453 12,591 12, 356 12,059 5,596 ] f 7c 224 320 333 389 175
Y 6,772 \ ** 4, 063 5,309 3,722 3,023 9,138 } 225 < ** 104 153 113 90 272
1 1 8,162 5,157 7,530 3,654 8,358 1 260 173 270 146 329
FOREIGN COMMERCE

G , Seeds, except oilseeds_____________
Grass and other forage crop seeds—
Alfalfa-..................... —.................. 1,000 Ibs__
Clover.............. .....................................do—
Hed...............
-..........do—
Alsike_________________________ do__
Crimson_______________________ do___
Other_________________________ do___.
Vetch___________________. _______ do___
Grass seeds_______________________do__
Seeds for the Department of Agriculture__
Garden, field, and flower seeds—
Sugar-beet seeds______________ 1,000 lbs..
Cabbage________________ do___
Canary______________ -........do___
Spinach_________________________do___
Turnip______________
do___
Onion_______________ __.do___
All other_________________________ do__
H . Hursery and. greenhouse stock________________
Bulbs, roots, and corms—
Hyacinth___________________ thousands..
Lily of the valley pips_____________ do__
Tulip bulbs______________________ do__
Narcissus bulbs__________ do___
Lily bulbs_______________________ do__
Crocus and other_________________ do__
Trees, plants, cuttings, and seedlings—
Fruit stock______________________ do__
Rose stocks and plants________ do___
AU other..............
do___
Scrap..............
— ........— do----
Btems, not cut, or ground___ ____...d o ----
Manufactures of tobacco—
Cigars and cheroots—
Product of Philippine Islands............do---
Other cigars and cheroots-------------- do---
Cigarettes and all other manufactures,
n. s. p. f_________________________1,000 lbs..
2,064 107 2,095
23,712 3,038 18,474
8,098 396 5,573
5,816 19 1,505
3,036 1,355 5,071
6,764 1,269 6,326
3,672 2,350 2,125
7,931 11,508 8,053
13,433 16, 451 10,960
265 219 400
15,848 20,040 16,809
2, 977 3,256
1,504 1,104 819
* 199 209 395
6,084 2,198 2,202
22,342 15,492 16,270
f 11,268 10,940
217,188
1 1 4,939 88,558
716 663
i 17,790 24,308
20,419 14,025 18,398
11,715 8 1
12,484 7,140 6,661
» 585 2,026 604
I# Tobacco and manufactures___________________
Unmanufactured_____________________1,000 Iba._ 77,013 61,121 67,519
Product of Philippine Islands_______ do__ 2,978 2,747 2,041
Leaf, for cigar wrappers.....................d o ___ 6,277 2,620 2,999
Cigar leaf (filler)—
unstemmed____________________ do__
Stem m ed...____________________ do__
Cigarette leaf, unstemmed__________ do__
7,118 4,462 4,596
14,896 8,076 6,512
43,438 38,139 46, 503
2,088 2,824 2,764
31,093 2,254 2,103
2,443 2,691 3,115
378 SO 44
322 164 140
Less than 500- 1 June 18 to Dec. 31, 1930.
Average for years 1928-30. *Average for years 1929 and 1930.

3,990
26,886
11,132
2,073
2,620
11,061
8,048
8,218
13,017
429
18,233
3,460
923
210
2,638
19,064
12,306
100,130
6,056
26,226
24,388
5,467
653
71,703
5, 251
1, 660
4,208
6,940
47,985
2,609
3,049
3,615
23,421
6,154
551
4,921
11,796
7,338
7,440
4,654
472
15,114
2,560
543
132
2,193
17,461
9,130
98,370
2,803
23,437
33, 360
3,165
13,994
451
322
4,744
8,477
4,748
9,887
8,243
334
15,884
2,883
484
105
2,022
19,833
5,218
112,346
11,382
24,305
39,331
9,207
366
3,505
1,428
1,148
240
683
220
1,101
158
1,403
148
568
169
4 285
1,456
7,430
1,516
| 5,196
259
42 2 78
3,340 3, 213 186
562 1,968 194
71, 406
4, 525
1,706
2,710
6,917
49,508
2,940
3,099
82,447
13,744
2,180
2,187
8, 200
49, 619
3,164
3, 354
64,544
57,018
388
12,548
5,710
13, 741
24,027
596
3 38
4,331 8,019 8,320 5,917
13 294 766 659
303 1,663 3,054 2,017
790 1,607 741
2 230 337 103
66 198 131 292
190 445 930 881
88 94 308 257
714 692 845 1,042
co 8 7 2
1,627 1,436 1,306 49S
96 155 161 158
417 655 696 402
259 268 258 193
107 75 79 50
153 133 116 76
553 546 622 564
2, 843 8,485 8, 650 8, 633
595 711 741 670
168 319 257 186
1,256 1,443 1,421 1,708
26 25 137 88
512 654 700 619
117 122 163 191
4 (0 CO
94 97 80 46
70 115 150 126
30, 898 82, 925 36.406 89, 211
27,118 29,880 81, 928 36, 028
309 178 552 482
4,357 6, 557 3,268 3,456
2,265 2,270 2, 243 1, 584
5,706 4, 672 4, 959 4,922
13,704 15, 324 20, 048 24, 660
701 805 753 822
77 74 100 102
5,082
509
1,035
35
41
322
637
186
1,319
0)
792
121
296
207
44
59
465
3, 931
754
108
1, 682
320
631
195
0)
47
183
40, 556
36, 918
1, 363
3; 651
1,181
5,465
24,293
858
106
kJ
O
gM
Q
O
&
a
&
4,182
47
3,227 3, 706
37 44
3,943
3,176
150 117 160 407

No. 5 7 6 .— I m p o s t s o f M e r c h a n d i s e , b t C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
[“ General imports,'* 1926 to 1932} “Imports for consumption11 thereafter]
O t
CD
O
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS
1936-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 193? 1938 1939
Group 2.— V egetable products, inedible, except
fib e rs a n d 'WOOD—Continued
J. Miscellaneous vegetable products 3,844 3,676 5,252 6,120 5,107 6,052
Agar-agar___________ __________ 1,000 lbs— 430 505 625 704 5S9 497 308 199 275 418 333 378
Hops_____________ _________ ____do —- ____ f 8,914 10,021 9,222 8,190
/
1,824
2,822 3,053 2,556 3,066
Hop extract, and lupuiin____________do___ 1 29 31 26 34 1 61 45 33 51
Starch____________________________ d o __ 23,988 14,041 13,678 11,963 7,596 12,008 791 289 254 255 185 280
Vegetable ivory, or tagua nuts........ .........do____ 23,410 14,421 15,755 12, 754 8,749 15,934 728 213 246 327 127 190
386 139 242 355 294 357
Peat moss_______________ tons of 2,240 lbs— 3 30,290 47,951 67,023 77,563 62,062 70,188 3383 590 956 1,219 1,093 1,205
1,312 421 407 448 486 524
Group 3.—Textiles
B93,766 293, 593 387,184 476,928 280, 777 359, 822
A. Cotton, unmanufactured_____________1,000 lbs__ 182,187 64,660 105,688 134,121 106, 382 103, 578 42,663 7.S52 11,997 16,592 9, 615 8, 292
Short staple, under 1 inches_________do___ 130,794 28,763 50,418 81, 667 72,286 38, 641 26,476 2,331 4,700 8, 529 5,883 2,821
Staple 1 }'i to 1^6 inches______________ do___ 3 220 21,073 12,892 10,998 6,693 9,791 3 35 2,714 2,324 2,156 1,199 1,446
Long staple, 1% inches or over_______ do___ 51,300 14,824 21,163 25,544 13,118 22,502 16,178 2,307 4,143 5,164 2,205 3,254
21,215 15,912 14,285 32,643 831 742 328 770
5,421 2,793 6,235 5,243 1,870 2,076
Cotton waste__ ..______________ 1,000 lbs__ 33,823 38, 629 99,109 71,204 11,384 17,002 2)112 i;545 4i 633 3) 561 ■575 '774
Yams and warps, mainly bleached.
dyed, combed, or plied_____________do___ 2,780 1,644 2,126 2,019 1,054 1,616 3,309 1,248 1,651 1,681 795 1, 301
Sewing thread, crochet, darning, embroidery.
58,206 31,678 42,417 51,667 33,279 37, 565
and knitting eotton__________million yds.. 1,832 1,069 879 965 861 894 1,615 635 511 419 396 320
Cotton cloth_________________ 1,000 sq. yds_ 56,886 41, 901 114,195 147,321 58, 282 111,824 14,605 6,219 10, 558 18, 628 6, 505 8,667
■Not bleached dn 23,171 4,620 4,332 4,283 2,819 3,498 4,727 704 810 849 558 674
Bleached dn 9,367 19,865 74,767 97,811 35,035 88)875 2,021 2,143 4,466 6,022 2,537 4,720
Printed, dyed, or colored___________do___ 23,798 17,416 35,096 45,227 20,428 19,451 7,856 3,371 5, 283 6,757 3,410 3,273
8,060 3,334 5,140 7,274 4,757 5,216
Blankets, blanket cloth, and cloth chief value
cotton with less than 17 percent wool 1,000 lbs. 76 29 68 31 9 358 26 12 28 14 7
883 1,916 1,479 2,479 307 258 1.434 1,174 1 413
2,396 636 1,007 987 '340 ' 499
Velvets and velveteens___ 1,000 sq, yds__ 22,464 592 5,214 3,994 1,034 1,738 2 1,863 217 786 670 196 | 283
Other.. __________________________ *403 419 221 316 144 1 216
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Tapestries and other Jacquard woven upholstery
cloths---------------------------------
Table covers, napkins, doilies, etc-------- ...
Bed spreads and quilts------------thousands.-
Sheets, pillow cases, towels, etc............... -
Wearing apparel..
Product of Philippine Islands-------- ------
K nit or crocheted goods—
Gloves and mittens______ 1,000 doz. prs._
Hosiery________________________do— r
Underwear and other knit goods------------
Wearing apparel wholly or partly of lace, or
embroidered, beaded, etc----------------------
All other_____________________________
Other cotton manufactures-------
Handkerchiefs and mufflers—
Not oflace, embroidered, etc— 1,000 doz.
Lace trimmed, or embroidered, etc.
thousands.
Xacea, embroideries, etc--------------------- —
Product of Philippine Islands---------------
Hand-madelaces-------------------------------
Machine-made laces---------------------------
Articles in part of lace.-------- ------------
Lace window curtains------------------------
Embroideries------ --------------- —
All other laces, embroideries, etc-----------
* 394
2,107
Imitation oriental rugs— u » 0 «■**>--}

N o. 5 7 6 .— I m p o r t s o f M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
[“General imports,” 1926 to 1932; “Imports for consumption" thereafter)
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS' OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1939 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Group 3.—T extiles—Continued
21,451 25, 253
Flax, unmanufactured_____ tons of 2,240 lbs. - 5, 826 4,184 5,621 6,141 1,251 5,915 3,080 1,386 2,488 2, 718 767 2, 687
Hackled, ----------------------------------- do___ 1,980 803 1,208 1,203 574 1, 274 1, 638 500 947 962 497 1,097
All other________________________ do—-. 3, 845 3, 380 4,413 4,938 677 4,641 1,442 886 1,541 1,756 271 1,590
Hemp, unmanufactured_____________ do___ 1,708 751 753 778 582 678 549 158 239 221 168 213
Manufactures of flax, hemp, and ra m ie____ 44,815 23,684 30,253 32,488 20,516 22,352
Single yarns------------------- ------- 1,000 lbs-- 2,578 1,603 2,005 2,484 1, 607 2,116 1,204 592 920 1, 212 750 926
Thread and twine_________________do___ 496 393 543 805 563 1,022 554 245 351 374 271 397
20,588 25,441 24,578 14,881 17,133 23,227 12,107 16,963 17,413 9, 522 12,010
Woven fabrics of flax 30 to 100 threads to
the sq. inch, 4 to 12 oz. to the sq. yd., 12
to 36 inches in width— ____ 1,000 lbs__ 2,365 1,481 1,102 1,141 991 585 1,552 619 546 590 407 289
Plain woven fabrics, weighing less than
4 oz. per sq. yd____________ 1,000 lbs— 3,781 4,284 4,186 3,280 1,294 2,384 4,653 4,076 5,061 4,563 1, 772 3, 239
Table-damask and manufactures—-do___ 2,491 2,368 2,715 1,724 1,915 . 6,434 2,210 2,264 2,702 1,671 2,062
Pile fabrics and manufactures ____do, .. s 103 149 32 55 36 45 152 205 42 81 48 60
Woven fabrics for padding or interlining
1,000 lb s- «799 2,579 3,100 2,494 1, 336 2,790 8300 768 1,148 955 487 930
Other fabrics____ __________ do 13,066 9,603 14, 653 14; 893 9,500 9,414 10,496 4,230 7,901 8, 522 5,136 5, 430
Wearing ap p arel-______ _____ ________ 233 68 67 39 38
Handkerchiefs—
Not embroidered nor of lace___1,000 doz__ 3,570 1,600 1,133 1,009 474 999 3,651 1,269 1,122 1,136 558 1,043
Made of lace or embroidered______ do___ 1,505 1,745 2,480 3,390 3,633 2,908 1,964 1,781 2,443 3,655 3,726 2,543
Laces, embroideries, etc.—
Articles embroidered, tamboured, ornamented,
and with threads drawn, cut,
etc., and embroideries____ — ___ 5,426 2,426 3,115 3,113 2,136 2,230
59 35 44 34 20
Towels, napkins, and bed clothing
thousands— 25,006 32,344 31,005 34,412 19,974 16,908 3,734 2,766 3,121 3,661 2,098 2,341
Other manufactures, n. e. s—_____________ 3,131 2, 206 2,114 1, S13 1, 383 805
F. Other vegetable fibers and manufactures 43,619 18,310 30,017 33, 837 20, 332 20,963
Unmanufactured fiber_____ tons of 2,240 lb s.. 2IS, 060 181,142 204,744 213,653 157,876 196,624 87,904 12,838 24,139 28,257 15,449 16, 520
Istle or tampico fiber______________ do___ 12, 625 7,942 6,154 10,726 5,707 10,401 1,557 436 530 967 359 685
Manila or abaca fiber______________do___ 60,849 34,972 39,027 43,702 27,383 45,932 12, 670 2, 545 5,659 7,777 3,165 4,172
3,975 96 111 105 25 610 7 9 14 3
5,825 6, 438 6, 079 4,304 5,109 172 213 244 155 126
Sisal and benequen fiber___________ do___ 118,560 117,557 129j 853 131, 207 108) 243 118; 761 18, 493 7,509 13, 564 15,097 9, 571 8,058
K a p o k _______________ ________ do___ 7,976 8, 731 14,699 11, 710 6,254 9, 379 3,578 1,758 3,474 3,373 1,714 2,336
All other, n. e. s______ ___________ do___ 9.074 6,019 8,462 10,124 5,960 7,042 996 412 691 784 482 542
O r
C O
t o
FOREIGN COMMERCE

M a n u fa c tu r e s of— l i m ,.
Binding twine_________ ________ i,oou ms—
Cordage— . T, ,
Product of the Philippine Isiands— do,.
Other----- ----------------
-.d0-
O th e r m a n u fa c tu re s ----------------------------------
I. 'Wool, including mohair, etc., unmanufactured
1,000
Carpet wool and other wools not finer than
40’s J5&(actual weight)...................1,000 lbs..
Wool finer than 40's:
Woolen type (actual weight)— ..........2°— -
Worsted type (actual weight)— . — ao—
Hair of the Angora goat, Cashmere goat, alpaca,
etc. (actual weight)---------1,000 lbs..
Hair of the Angora goat (mohair)------do—
Hair of the Cashmere goat, alpaca, etc.do—
Wool, carbonized---------------------- ------do—
J. Wool, semimanufactures_________________ ___
Noils„......... -......................................3,000 lbs..
Wool rags19------------------------------------ do—
Wagkg __________________________ do__
Tops and other wool advanced------.----- da—
Yarns..... .............-.....................................5°-—
Mohair.........—................ --...—-“0—
Rabbit, including Angora rabbit-------ho—
Other hair and wool____________ — do__
K , Wool m anufactures---------------------
W oven f a b r ic s :
W o rsted s, w o o len s, a n d m o ­
h a ir fa b ric s_____________
Worsteds—
Weighing not
per sq. yd.
1,000 lbs.
1,000 ) b sl
sq. yd______________ \ 1,000 lbs..
Woolens—
Weighing over 4 oz. per J1,00Q sq. >ds_.
sq. yd l9,>____________\ 1,000 lbs_.
Blankets, robes and steamer rugs...........do— .
Other fabrics of wool19ft............................do—
Wearing apparel.................................................
Knit crocheted goods—
Gloves and mittens--------------------- do—
Other knit and crocheted goods_l,000ibs_,
1Less than 500. 3 J 13 to Dec. 31, 1930.
ta Wool rags, flocks, and mungo prior to Juije IS, 1930.
13,563 36,877 75,129 57,854 60,414 49,779
524 7,827 2,807 6,214 3,735 7,687
5,949 2,441 2,210 4,090 3,297 9,107
253,242 135,824 257,725 326, 035 104,274 245,971
135,503 107,612 169,229 105,651 84,277 168,438
16,858 5,158 8r 599 11,700 3,930 9,951
96,440 22,010 76,160 114,901 H513 64,660
4,439 1,044 3,736 3,778 1,552 2,864
3) 765 424 1,277 894 108 173
‘ 674 620 2,460 2,884 1,446 2,691
3 12 C1) 1 6 2 39
6,393 2,343 9,758 8,671 2,279 6,022
18^ 062 1,188 6,016 4,809 794 8,418
3) 815 894 4,112 3.051 730 3,904
*286 68 366 247 58 114
332 287 539 342 455 652
130 55 139 9 2 7
9 84 27 16 21 98 80
184 2wT 384 313 354 565
17, 859 4, 680 7,659 9.767 6,176 12,018
9' 253 2, 586 4,443 5,553 3,336 6,568
' 376 60 24 28 19 36
84 14 6 9 6 11
4,401 414 551 457 353 737
907 82 109 92 70 149
1,833 805 1, 367 2,020 956 3,056
988 418 707 968 419 1,580
11, 251 3,402 5, 717 7,261 4,848 8,190
7', 275 2,072 3,621 4,484 2,841 4,827
m m 182 738 1,027 472 468
99 47 100 ISO 539 331
856 193 275 327 252 283
125 152 616 345 142 270
506 I 702 502 468 279 299
1,481 1,995 4,471
885 695 324
824 208 266
2.525 573 816
78,790 18,731 53,264
34,300 12,997 29,509
6,050 1,059 2,208
36/230 4,384 20,443
2,209 291 1,104
1,780 68 257
429 223 847
35 C1) 1
12,451 2,128 8,517
4,333 1, 016 4,236
5,153 369 1,985
1,900 273 1,409
318 58 274
746 410 613
281 40 113
3 568 154 89
351 216 410
56,844 14, 988 SI, ISO
} 18,437 4,092 7,000
} 155
16 8
| 1,833 160 218
| 2,665 751 1,317
} 13,784 3,165 5,457
(?) 0) 121 417
m 113 208
16,041 5,062 7,641
2,279 580 772
261 217 757
2,192 1,533 1,499
3,484
086
449
960
96,345
52,597
3,894
38,232
1,620
242
1,378
2
7,389
3,503
1,859
1,400
213
414
11
91
311
24, 468
8,975
13
215
1,823
6,922
709
335
8,038
906
669
1,831
3,559
373
296
656
22,605
15,759
1,275
4,422
1,148
44
1,104
1
2,637
1,165
262
296
81
515
314
15,116
5,087
*1930 only. is® I n c lu d e s h a ir o f t h e c am el.
i u B illia rd doth in c lu d e d with w o o lens prior to 1936 a n d with “ Other fabrics of w o o l / 1 th e re a fte r.
12
130
837
4,107
318
663
4, 966
645
250
1,128
2,421
675
589
758
49,637
30,425
2,462
15,263
1,470
73
2,397
17
7,055
2,413
2,322
1,270
86
964
8
506
450
18, 555
8,702
16
262
2,056
6, 368
296
413
4,316
734
341
1,163
FOREIGN COMMERCE
O r
CD CO

No. 5 7 6 .— Im posts o f M erch an d ise, by Commodity G roups and A rtic le s : 1926 to 1939
I“Generalimports,” 1926 to 1982; “Imports for consumption” thereafter]
Continued
Ox
SO
GROUP AND ARTICLE
Group 3.—T extiles—Continued
X . W o o l m a n u f a c t u r e s — C o n tin u e d .
W e a r in g a p p a r e l — C o n ti n u e d .
H a t s a n d h a t b o d i e s o f w o o l- f e lt... _1,000 l b s —
H at bodies of wool-felt___________ do__
Hats of wool-felt_________________do----
All other wearing apparel___________do----
Wool laces, embroideries, etc_______________
C a r p e t s a n d r u g s _____________________1,000 s q , f t —
Oriental, Axminster, Savonnerie, etc.,
made on hand looms________ 1,000 sq. ft—
Oriental weave, from power driven looms
1,000 sq. ft— } 7,847
All other________________________ do-----
Other manufactures of wool------------------------
L . H a i r a n d m a n u f a c t u r e s , n . e . s ______________________
Human hair—
Unmanufactured.................. 1,000 lbs— 2,604
Nets and netting___________________ 1,000 gross— 610
Other manufactures__________;__________
Horse hair, tails, or manes_____________1,000 lbs— 4,136
Cattle body hair (10 cents or less per pound)
1,000 Ib s-
Other animal hair, n. e. s____________ do-----
Hair manufactures, n. e. s------------------do-----
M . S ilk , u n m a n u f a c t u r e d ________________________ d o -------
Raw silk__________________ do-----
Waste and cocoons------ -------------------- do-----
j j . S il k m a n u f a c t u r e s _____________________________________
Spun sillr or schappe silk yarn_____1,000 lbs—
Singles-------------- ------------------------- do-----
Plied___________________________ do-----
Bolting cloths..................................... ...... do-----
Fabrics, broad, except pile fabrics_____do-----
Fabrics not over 30 inches wide—
Not jacquard, figured----------------I b s I - I I
J a c q u a r d , fig u re d ---------------- { i ® l b s l - -
1926-1930
“ 4,402
2,‘l37
27,238
19,391
j- 1 1 ,6 4 9
313
86,458
75,343
11,114
516
60
456
23
3,314
3 427
361
*87
* 13
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS
1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
2,742 2,308 2,083 1,006 « 6,496 1,648 2,467 2,172 1,802 799
2,069 2,740 2,305 2,083 1,006 1,639 2,461 2,163
4 2 2
1
9 6 9 3 2
348 785 869 363 466 6,113 1,085 2,146 2,459 1,141 1,278
331 50 203 426 269 118
12, 550 14,034 15,374 9,680 17, 510 19,52S 5,390 5,803 5,501 3, 669 4, 547
6,534 5,415 4,180 2,646 3,253 16,987 4,520 4,187 4,023 2,650 2,577
146 269 150 109
8,473 10,925 6,883 14,149 } 2,541 f 79 52 97 52 30
\ 791 1,064 1,472 967 1,940
2,314 161 358 394 144 162
5,456 2,081 4,450 5,787 2, 947 2,788
f 213
\ 5,802
2,612 2,931 2,371 2,277 917 352 450 696 679 473
'434 338 380 496 609 266 279 220 266
168 88 111 117 67 /y
2,810 3,740 3,996 3,150 2,472 2,125 762 1,623 1,851 1,108
/ 3,092 6,631 7,122 2,881 3,311 f 152 434 804 255 278
\ 3| 202 9,026 11,783 2,934 4,951 1 431 1,455 1,988 551 587
167 504 475 67 186 98 30 97 112 21
74, 569 67, 541 64,169 57,050 55,271 374,715 115,883 104,163 108,481 89, 252 121,908
69,841 60,363 57,816 55,194 51,600 368,232 115,054 102,351 106,594 88,821 120,852
4| 728 7,178 6,354 1,856 3,671 6,482 829 1,813 1,887 432 1,067
36,383 8,595 8,561 11,088 8,272 7,655
63 77 207 82 161 1,401 97 98 235 64 153
23 11 23 44 60 166 24 12 21 19 25
41 66 185 38 101 1,234 73 86 215 45 128
14 13 15 10 20 594 398 450 427 294 587
2,052 2,007 2,328 1,727 1,205 15,545 4,670 4,651 6,108 4,741 3,961
1,244 972 929 937 746 } 3 269 478 489 548 439 413
131 116 129 119 103
359 421 518 375 313 } 3 106 509 502 658 413 362
76 80 111 77 72
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Fabrics oyer 30 inches wide—
* 3,765
Not jacquard, figured........-(I'nno lbs7dS~~
383
J acquard, figured.-----— —
3119
825
Pile fabrics... ..............................
do________ 672
Pile ribbons and manufactures
of pile fabrics.—__________________ do___ 84
Wearing apparel------------------------
Product of Philippine Islands___
Not knit, not embroidered, etc__
Embroidered, etc., or of lace___
Knit or crocheted_____________
Handkerchiefs and mufflers—
Hemmed or not hemmed----------- 1,000 doz— 492
Embroidered or oflace____ _________ do___ 198
Laces, embroideries, etc__________________________ __
Laces and lace articles____________________________
Embroideries_______________________________ ___
All other-------- ---------------------------------------------------
Ribbons, n. e. s., braids, and narrow fabrics.—________
All other manufactures of silk_______________________
O. Manufactures of rayon or other synthetic textiles_
Waste, noils, tops........................... __l,0001bs—
Filaments not over 30 inches long_____ do___
Other filaments, yams, and threads, n. s. p. f.
1,000 ib s-
Bands, or strips, not over 1 inch wide__do___
Fabrics, woven and knit___ . ____—do_____
Wearing apparel..____________ -...
Handkerchiefs____________ thousands..
All other manufactures..---------------------------
P , Miscellaneous textile products________ ____ ___
S tr a w o r o t h e r f i b e r h a t s a n d m a t e r ia l s __________
Materials, including braids, etc., in part of
rayon________ -..........1,000 yds..
Other hat material.........................................
Hats of straw, grass, etc..--------thousands..
Product of Philippine Islands____do___
Hats not blocked or trimmed—
Palm leaf, paper and straw____do— 1
Ramie and other............. ...............do___ /
3,212
12,249
*48

N o. 5 7 6.— I m p o r t s o f M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
[“Generalimports,” 1920 to 1932; “Imports for consumption” thereafter]
O l
CO
o>
P.
A.
GROUP AND ARTICLE
Group 3.—Textiles—Continued
H i s o e l l a n e o u s t e x t i l e p r o d u c ts — C o n t i n u e d .
Floor coverings, n. e. s.—
Pile mats of cocoa fiber or rattan. 1,000 sq. f t ..
Matting and mats of China, Japan, and
India straw.......... 1,000 sq. yds..
Other floor coverings, n. e. s.............. do----
Artificial flowers, etc., and manufactures____
Body supporting garments...........................
Mixed fabrics, 17 percent or more of wool,
wool not chief value_____ ____ 1,000 lbs..
Tracing cloths.. .....................1,000 sq. yds..
Other coated or waterproof fabrics____do__
Linoleum, inlaid__-___ __________ do___
Other linoleum and floor oil cloth____ do___
G r o u p 4.— W o o d a n d p a p e r
Total_.___
Wood,unmanufactured.
Logs...--------------
Softwood............
Hardwood______
Cabinet woods—
.2,000 ft. b. m.
- ...........do—.
...........__do—.
Product of Philippine Islands 1,000 ft. b. Hi-
Mahogany____________________do___
Cedar, Spanish________________ do___
All other_______________ _____do__
Rattan, unmanufactured____ ____l,0001bs—
Brier, ivy, or laurel root_______ thousands..
Poles—telegraph, telephone, etc------ do___
Other round or hewn timber_________;__
Handlebolts, gunblocks, etc_____________
Bamboo and similar woods suitable for umbrellas,
fishing rods, etc.............................
Other unmanufactured wood____________
QUANTITY
1920-1939 1931-1935 193ft 1937
4,005 850
2,081
4,093
2,296
1,620
533
319
5,047
55,201
4,870
9,761
9,384
859
1,559 3,431
% 514 2,485
69
1,091
326
264
433
752
10,093
975
3,440
5,756
23,815
232
112
1,547
383
158
101,630
68,870
2,644
091
21,301
711
7,113
7,906
25,317
323
1,815
4,250
122
1,755
442
274
1,2
166,055
126,105
2,545
1,779
2 5 ,2 21
1,434
8,971
7,719
27,858
427
VALUE IN THOUSANDS 0 7 DOLLARS
1939 1929-1939 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
453 592 406
1,047 752 256
2,751 5,230 992
3,034
*326
56
974
177 78
471
190,255
154,232
1,227
2,084
27,283
1,320
4,109
4,782
34,482
330
108
1,363
286
159
697
*91
1,200
4 50
592
317
358,780
15,272
233,412 9,171
200,079 1
1,378 / 16b 3,263
621
22,493
1,523
7,318
5,165
36,903
376
208
4,120
317
1,263
715
340
3,525
117 66 72 40 50
97 207 115 69 51
348 653 1.284 793 1,059
825 1,093 1,585 961 471
432 492 543 345 387
80 124 159 81 116
529 822 956 521 708
95 143 137 63 96
164 90 174 46 91
166 347 509 200 253
193,057 249,357 306, 469 234, 690 260, 268
4,761 6,416 8,786 7,661 8,254
2,296 3,360 4, 845 4,650 4,997
1, 225 ; 666 1,516 1,642 2,292
I 59 73 54 34
29 63 81 58 17
632 1,698 2,017 2,332 1,737
50 56 84 90 10S
360 818 1,075 474 807
314 384 372 276 266
339 498 542 636 616
764 863 1,326 1,083 1,158
176 211 138 151
443 483 116 128
1,050
215 300 265 276
1 477 656 497 663
FOREIGN COMMERCE

B. Wood semimanufactures—sawmill products
1,000 ft. b. m__
Sawed boards and lumber, n. e. s.—
Softwood-.................
do-----
Fir and hemlock___ _____ ______ do—
Spruce____________ -........do-----
P m e...----------------------------------..do----
Other.......... ...............
do-----
Hardwood___________
do-----
Railroad ties, sawed_______________ do__
Box shooks andempty paekingboxes18f-do___
Cabinet woods, sawed or planed—
Product of Philippine Islands______do----
Other cabinet woods, sawed.............. do__
Clapboards (siding)____ ____ - ...........-do—
C. Wood m anufactures_____________________________
Barrels, boxes, and kegs 16f______ thousands..
V e n e e r s a n d p l y w o o d s ______________1,000 s q . f t —
Laths- _____ millions. -
Shingles................................. ___1,000 squares--
Pickets and palings______________________
Baskets____ ________ _________ thousands. -
Cane or reed and manufactured rattan
1,000 lbs..
Osier or willow for basket making_____do___
Manufactures of rattan, bamboo, osier, or
willow (except fu rn itu re )............................
Furniture of rattan, reed, bamboo, grass, osier,
willow, or fiber____ __________ _________
Chairs, except bentwood—...........-thousands—
Bentwood furniture. ...................... ...................
Wood furniture, n. e. s____________________
Mfrs. of wood, product of Philippine Islands, .
Other manufactures of wood_______________
1,808,731 454,082 872,045 6 9 8 ,1 0 4 538,982
1 , 4 6 9 ,4 4 3 3 9 6 ,5 4 5
*• 3 5 ,9 3 1
1 7 1 ,1 9 5
i» 9 4 ,6 9 0
6 9 , 6 7 9
« d 3 3 ,8 8 0
3 1 ,1 5 0
4 , 1 8 4
3 1 ,9 7 6
s 1 ,3 4 1
1 ,2 0 9
it 2 ,3 6 0
1 2 ,8 5 0
4,011
6 7 0
2 3 ,0 4 4
1 1 ,4 2 2
1 6 ,6 9 6
4 .9 0 2
1 ,4 7 3
4 ,7 0 1
2 4 9
1 ,6 9 6
5 6 2 ,8 7 9
1 5 0 ,5 6 6
3 0 5 ,3 0 6
9 2 ,0 8 5
1 4 ,9 2 2
5 3 ,8 9 2
9 ,7 8 1
3 0 ,5 3 1
7 ,7 3 1
7 ,2 3 1
5 ,9 1 4
2 7 0
2 ,3 6 5
5 4 7 ,3 2 7
1 4 0 ,5 5 5
3 0 8 ,1 0 6
8 4 ,2 8 9
1 4 ,3 7 7
6 9 ,1 9 6
1 1 ,4 7 5
3 5 ,7 2 7
9 ,1 6 3
2 5 ,2 1 6
1 3 ,6 6 3
250
2,020
4 4 5 ,9 8 0
1 6 8 ,9 3 6
1 9 2 ,0 3 0
6 1 ,3 5 7
2 3 ,6 5 7
3 9 ,5 6 4
9 , 8 6 6
2 0 ,9 0 7
9 , 4 7 1
tt* 1 3 ,1 9 4
8 , 6 0 4
161
1 ,8 4 7
718,283 44,503 10,528 17,171 20, B06 14,434 20,050
6 0 5 ,5 4 1
1 6 3 ,3 5 3
2 8 7 ,1 0 5
1 1 3 ,9 2 4
4 3 ,1 5 9
68,292
1 0 ,4 6 5
6 4 6
2 1 ,9 5 6
1 1 ,3 8 3
2 6 5
1 2 ,2 5 0
1 7 6
2 ,8 2 0
9 , 8 9 1 1 2 ,8 3 7 1 8 ,5 7 6 10,085 1 1 ,8 3 0
1,714
167 146 182 1 5 0 1 7 8
2 7 44 68 4 2 5 9
B. Cork and manufactures_____________
Wood or bark, unmanufactured....... 1,000 lb s - 1 0 0 ,7 2 3 6 3 ,1 2 2 7 4 ,8 6 0 1 1 5 .4 4 8 4 8 ,3 8 3 63,403
Waste, shavings, etc.------------------ — do___ 1 3 9 ,4 1 2 8 0 ,2 1 0 141,530 2 0 7 .4 4 9 1 0 9 ,9 9 8 1 6 4 ,1 7 1
Disks, wafers, and washers._______ ——do___
6 3 3
8 7 67
9 1 68
5 6
Cork insulation____ ____________
Cork stoppers............ .................... — 1,000 IbS- 394 238 255 263 2 7 2
Other cork manufactures_________
}
3 8 ,0 2 0 8 , 3 7 0
6 4 4
«• 3 ,8 8 8
** 2 , 1 9 1
3 ,8 8 3
iod 778
1 ,4 6 9
3 3 9
^80
2 3 ,1 7 8
3 3 8
3 4 3
5 , 6 5 0
6 , 8 5 3
491
1 ,0 3 8
4 2 2
3 8
242
282
4,489
73
3 , 2 5 4
8 8 7
2 6 0
6 5 3
3 0 1
5 7
9 , 2 2 6
1 ,0 8 0
8 3
6 4 1
3, 9 2 5
1 8 4
4 2 3
1 3 2
6
1 3 6
149
2 8 3
7 2 9
26
1 ,3 4 2
1 2 ,6 8 9
2 , 3 8 4
7 ,1 3 3
2 , 4 1 5
7 5 7
% 1 1 9
2 1 9
1 ,1 3 1
5 2 6
4 8 7
1 3 ,8 1 7 1 0 ,1 9 5
2 , 8 6 6 2 ,7 4 1
8 , 0 4 7 4 ,6 1 1
2 ,4 6 5 1 ,7 4 8
4 3 9 1 , 0 9 4
3 , 1 0 7 1 ,7 7 5
2 5 4 2 8 3
1 , 4 1 6
7 1 9
1 ,4 9 2
11, 3 8 5 1 2 ,8 8 0
1 2 7 120
171 2 3 9
9 2 7 1 ,0 1 6
6 , 0 5 7 5 , 8 0 3
8 8 2 9 6
5 6 0 7 4 3
1 5 7 2 0 9
6 8
2 1 8 2 8 7
8 2 9 4
1 4 4 2 1 2
4 4 3 5 2 8
6 2 0 1 ,0 3 7
79 1 7 0
1 ,7 0 5 2 ,1 2 0
s June 18 to Dee. 31, 1930. 4* Average for years 1933-35. 16b Includes a relatively small amount of round and hewn timber.
160 1935 only. 18d Includes a relatively small amount of hewn railroad ties.
January 1 to June 30; beginning July 1938, clapboards are included in the various classes of sawed boards and lumber,
iw Shooks included in barrels and boxes prior to 1939.
w Thousands of shingles have been converted to squares on the basis of 800 shingles to a square.
1 0 ,1 0 4
2,981
3 ,2 0 9
5 0 7
2,636
416
356
3 ,8 7 9
1,607
1,212
71
128
175
187
5,352
2,354
2,226
60
1
196
516
9 , 1 2 5
3,820
4 , 6 9 6
6 9
76
2 0 6
258
8 2 6
6 3 2
lfia 723
9 , 5 4 2
7 7
162
5 1 0
5,030
2 4 3
480
133
7
168
8 3
1 3 6
3 3 2
6 4 4
1 4 8
1 ,4 5 0
3,711
1,346
1,998
48
1
139
179
1 5 ,0 4 9
2 , 8 6 4
6 , 6 5 5
3 , 2 0 3
2 , 3 2 8
3 , 0 4 8
3 0 3
1 8
8 4 6
7 8 6
12,348
2 4
1 1 6
5 2 8
7 ,9 2 5
2 4 7
4 7 6
115
6
1 8 2
8 5
2 1 8
2 8 0
5 6 1
181
1 ,4 0 4
4 , 4 0 9
1 ,5 6 6
2 ,5 2 4
4 2
1
1 9 4
81
FOREIGN COMMERCE
O r
C D

N o . 5 7 6 .— I m p o r t s o f M e r c h a n d is e , b y C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
[“General imports,” 1926 to 1932; “Imports for consumption" thereafter]
Cn
CO OO
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
GROUP ANE ARTICLE
1928-1930 1931-1935 1936
1937
1938
1331-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 4 .— W o o d a n d p a p e r — C o n t i n u e d
E . P a p e r b a s e s to c k s ... _ .
P u l p w o o d s _________
1,900 c o r d s
Bough spruce______________ —do-----
O t h e r r o u g h ........................ — ---------------- d o .
P e e l e d s p r u c e ____________________________ d o .
1 ,0 2 9
0 ther peeled__ ;_______-..................... do___
B o s s e d . . ............................... - ............ ......... d o —
53
Chipped................................................ do—
W o o d p u l p ________________ tons o f 2,000 l b,5 s 617*_
4 ,4 8 0
M e c h a n i c a l l y g r o u n d . — -------- --------------- d o — 244,8 6 6
U n b l e a c h e d ____ ;_______________________ d o —
B le a c h e d ^ ----------------------------------------------d o ___
Sulphite wood pulp—
U n b l e a c h e d _____ ________________________ d o —
B le a c h e d _______________ ________________ d o ____
Soda pulp................. _.......... -do..
Sulphate wood pulpunbleached
(krait)— -------------- do—
Bleached-------------- ----------------do__
Other pulp________ .....__________do__
Bags for paper stock___________ 1,000 lbs..
Other paper stock_______-________do..
F. Paper and manufactures________ . . . . .
Printing p a p e r-
standard newsprint__ _________ 1,000 lb s..
All other, n. e. S -..—___.___________ do__
Grease-proof and waterproof papers____do___
Kraft wrapping paper..______________do__
Other wrapping p ap er....____________do__
Writing, letter, drawing, etc., papers ___do___
Writing paper and envelope combinations__
Surface-coated...............
1,000 lbs,
Uncoated papers, decorated or embossed-do—
Tissue ana similar paper.___ ........... do___
Pulp board in rolls_________ d o ....
Paperboard, pulpboard, cardboard, and
leatherboard—
Not plate finished______ 1,000 lbs..
Plate finished_____ ______________do__
Paper, paperboard, pulpboard, cardboard,
and leatherboard, embossed, cut into shapes,
etc., and tests boards, and pressboaxd
i,ooo lbs..
6 4 9 ,9 8 9
' 3 1 4 ,1 9 9
a 1 ,9 3 2
3 5 9 ,7 5 5
1 5 ,2 8 5
4 ,4 7 2
4 0 6 ,5 7 3
2 1 5 ,9 7 5
r, 278,9 0 3
8 ,2 1 9
1 ,5 8 4
9 ,8 4 2
8 ,8 7 0
3 ,3 8 4
2 ,1 9 7
3 92
3 ,5 5 1
5 7 ,0 4 1
1 ,6 0 5 ,
180,
167,
13,
8B0
133
8
597
134
7
5 9 7 ,4 6 8
3 6 3 ,3 1 3
4 ,8 5 5
4 1 4 ,7 5 8
4 4 ,5 2 1
230
1 3 5 ,5 0 6
8 8 ,7 2 5
21, 718
1,210
142
59
799
178
32
2, 2 7 7 ,5 0 0
2 2 7 ,7 7 8
2 0 6 ,8 4 4
2 0 ,9 3 4
7 8 6 ,7 2 0
5 1 2 ,1 6 8
1 2 ,7 3 7
6 3 5 ,7 2 2
1 0 2 ,3 7 5
3 29
2 7 5 ,8 9 3
1 0 3 ,4 3 6
5 ,5 0 3 ,1 6 1
2 1 ,0 5 6
1 ,0 0 3
4 8 ,1 6 7
2 ,4 5 9
1 ,4 9 9
1 ,6 6 5
33
1,950
2 1 ,7 3 9
39, 736
3 ,6 0 2
1 ,5 2 3
197
7 7
1 ,0 1 4
172
24
38
2 .3 9 4 ,6 0 5
2 1 8 ,4 2 2
2 0 3 ,4 1 5
1 5 ,0 0 7
9 1 9 ,6 8 0
5 1 1 ,9 6 1
1 0 ,3 2 7
622,3 9 0
1 1 1 ,8 2 5
160
2 4 4 ,3 2 5
1 1 6 ,7 4 2
,6 3 4 ,0 4 8
3 0 ,8 1 4
1 ,4 6 0
3 3 ,2 2 1
2 ,9 5 6
1 ,5 3 7
1, 75 6
21
2 ,2 4 8
2 2 ,8 8 4
4 7 ,5 7 3
4 ,0 5 0
147
144
787
163
16
38
1 ,7 1 0 ,5 1 3
1 5 8 ,8 6 5
1 5 1 ,5 9 6
7 ,2 6 9
6 8 8 ,3 2 2
3 3 7 ,6 5 9
9 ,4 0 5
4 2 6 ,0 8 9
9 0 ,1 7 3
41
8 0 ,0 2 8
7 8 ,3 5 6
4 ,5 4 9 ,2 0 6
1 9 ,0 1 7
796
2 6 ,6 0 1
1 ,3 4 6
1 ,4 3 4
33
1 ,3 7 8
14*734
34*197
3,261
1 ,1 3 1
166
71
695
127
27
4 4
2 ,0 2 6 ,4 4 1
2 2 7 .7 6 8
2 2 7 .7 6 8
6 6 1 ,1 9 3
474,2 0 9
8 ,9 5 2
5 4 6 ,1 6 7
1 0 8 ,2 5 2
204
1 1 4 ,4 8 2
1 1 8 ,3 5 9
5 ,2 3 0 ,2 5 7
2 6 ,8 1 5
679
2 5 ,4 7 0
3 ,7 6 1
1 ,0 3 2
649
34
1 ,8 3 8
2 0 ,1 7 1
3 2 ,9 5 8
3 ,4 1 0
1 1 4 ,4 9 8
15, 6B6
4 ,0 7 6
1 0 ,9 1 0
700
8 6 .0 4 4
6 ,6 1 5
3 4 ,4 8 1
2 3 ,8 6 6
8 126
2 0 ,0 0 4
1 ,0 5 2
329
8 ,2 2 4
4 ,2 1 3
151,2 1 9
1 3 4 ,2 3 9
405
326
418
292
859
3 263
916
8 29
1 ,9 3 5
1 ,3 0 7
649
69, 636 9 8 ,9 2 0 1 1 7 ,8 5 2 so, see 8 8 ,4 2 5
7 ,4 4 8 9 , 4B2 1 2 ,3 9 3 1 1 ,0 3 6 9 ,4 3 7
1 ,1 3 1 1 ,1 0 2 1 ,5 5 8 1 , 177 1 ,4 6 3
44 3 6 0 461 1 ,0 5 3 439
5 ,3 2 2 6 ,7 3 9 8 ,9 2 6 7 ,5 0 1 6 ,3 8 3
880 903 1 ,0 7 6 1 ,0 3 1 809
70 3 77 290 223 284
83 54 58
5 9 .5 4 4 8 2 ,8 3 7 9 8 ,2 8 9 7 2 ,7 7 8 7 5 ,8 9 2
3 ,4 9 9 4 ,0 5 1 < 3 4 2 3 ,6 0 1 5 ,2 1 1
3 ,2 4 8 3 ,6 8 9 4 ,0 2 2 3 ,4 3 0 5 ,2 1 1
251 362 320 170
2 1 ,1 6 2 2 6 ,7 7 9 3 4 ,6 6 3 2 6 ,8 3 3 2 3 ,3 9 6
1 8 ,8 2 9 2 5 ,8 2 5 2 9 ,4 4 3 2 0 ,1 0 3 24*262
217 566 536 4 64 408
1 2 ,8 1 0 1 9 ,7 7 2 2 2 ,2 7 2 2 0 ,2 6 4 1 6 ,9 6 9
3 ,0 2 7 5 ,8 4 4 7 ,0 1 3 5 ,4 6 4 5 ,6 4 4
24 55 29 8 30
1 ,5 5 9 4 ,6 7 3 4 ,4 7 5 1 ,2 6 5 1 ,2 5 7
1 ,0 6 1 1 ,8 7 4 2 ,6 8 6 1 ,2 7 7 1 ,8 1 0
9 5 ,5 2 3 110,1 1 3 137,0 7 1 1 1 2 ,9 7 5 1 2 6 ,7 8 3
8 4 ,7 8 5 9 6 ,7 1 9 1 2 2 ,5 2 9 1 0 1 ,4 5 6 1 1 5 ,7 1 6
139 455 715 533 730
84 148 211 140 166
356 1 ,5 3 6 1 ,1 7 7 1 ,0 1 4 875
77 71 76 60 145
335 379 445 284 283
86 34 71 45 29
510 551 723 567 283
17 18 14 14 1 2
782 8 49 1 ,1 2 6 811 9 35
337 417 489 290 347
8 05 1 ,0 5 7 825 721
8 6 109 94 88
38 36 23 24
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Cigarette paper, cigarette books and covers
1,000 lb s..
Hanging paper (wall paper).................—do—
Duplex decalconmnia, not printed___—do___
Boxes of paper, papier-m3eh6, or paper
board________ ________________ 1,000 lbs. -
Manufactures of pulp or papier-mSehS, n. e. s—
All other paper and m anufactures............ ......
12,241
2,614
621
17,107
459
394
\
16.612 17,230 16,559 16,856 3,618 4,273 4,346 4,227 4,165
5,619 6,748 631 482 651 139 319 441 164
744 735 416 813 147 79 155 159 88
820 872 502 1,435 670 413 420 237
461 341 374 449 372
3,492 1,996 2,401 2,595 1,793
3,922
168
163
194
330
1,654
TotaL.
G e o f f a — N o m t s x A L U c m m e i u i s
A . Coal an Ar elated fuels___________________________
Anthracite coal____________tons of 2,240 lbs—
Bituminous coal and shale_____ ______do___1
Slack and culm and lignite___________ do___J
Coke______________________________ do___
Charcoal, briquets, etc____________________ _
S . Petroleum and products-------------------------------------
Crude petroleum—
Bonded, for refining and export, or for supplies
of vessels...____1.0DD bbls, of 42gals.. 1
Other----------------------------
Refined oils_________________________do___
Gasoline, motor fuel, naphtha, other finished
light products and illuminating oil
1.000 bbls. of 42 gals..
Gas oil and distillate tuel oil, including
Diesel—
For manufacture in bond and export
1.000 bbls .of 42 gals..
Other.............................—_______ do.....
Residual fuel o il177
For supplies of vessels____________ do___1
Other______
...d o ___/
Unfinished oils for further processing, including
topped crude—
For manufacture in bond and export
1.000 bbls. of 42 gals___
Other______ ____
do___
Lubricating oils, including paraffin oil.do___
Paraffin, paraffin wax, and similar products
1,000 lb s..
Petroleum asphalt, including cutbacks and
road o i l ____________1,000 bbls. of 42 gals____
Asphaltum and bituminous ( n a t u r a l )
tons of 2,240 lbs..
442,799
422,163
152, 412
do______f
67,020 38,395 [
23, 779 23, 902
8,248 4,478
15,508 19,409
24 14
25,290 31,827
106,167 33,125
280,241 101, 276 125, 517 153,114 109, 60B
7,572 5,278 6,315 4,795 4,468
491,256 548,785 353,337 324,013 266,208 3,626 3,459 3,574 2,032 2,350
174,782 { 223,218 195,947 165,079 255,503 / 949 792 722
19,459 34,407 50,372 61,564 } 2,091
l 47 122 195
153,568 294 606 255,682 120,750 126; 706 1,361 797 1,636 1,780 1,094
492 186 110 70 107
132,794 50,990 40,570 44,586 39,461
2,463 1,915 3, 599 5,544 f 1,600 1,112 2,193
30,494 25,395 22,449 28,562 I 21,648 19,649 16, 407
25,460 32, 683 27, B37 27,350 51,788 22, 298 16,535 22,104 19,634
2 4 4 139 36,638 10,623 5 14 14
608 564 683 498 531 477 853
189 263 168 186 209 317 217
17,909 24,494 19, 553 15,502 / 10,145 15,256 11,607
6,742 7,356 7,419 2,213 I 5,572 5,921 6,844
3,022
5,779
10 12 11 12 314 216 92 118 99
15,728 36,350 28,452 38,347 1,472 965 471 1,065 809
345 54 260 39
19,284 25,592 21,112 65,935 893 404 316 396 378
2 Average for years 1928-30. 3 June 18 to Dec. 31,1930. 11930 only. I?“ Tons of 2,000 pounds, air-dry weight, beginning 1935; previously ton of 2,240 pounds. Cn
124 Includes gas oil and distillate fuel oil prior to 1936, unfinished oils prior to 1939; oils imported for manufacture and exported are included w ith supplies of vessels. CO
13' Included in unfinished oils prior to 1937. CD
136,624
4,813
1,859
1,228
289
1,387
50
43,541
3,719
I9f 570
18, 699
281
558
211
8,725
1,476
2,627
4,704
117
1,002
552
FOREIGN COMMERCE

N o . 5 7 6 .— I m p o r t s o p M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
["Generalimports,” 1B26 to 1932; “Imports for consumption” thereafter]
0 3
O
O
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1928-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Group 5.—N onmetallic minerals—Continued
8,400 2,050 3,242 3,646 3, 556 4,275
M arble, breccia, and onyx—
In blocks, or sawed over 2 inches thick
1,000 cu. ft_> 777 104 61 75 85 74 1,884 283 258 298 198 237
760 152 103 137 104 99
68 8159 155 131 246 250 166
914 281 319 328 267 230
256 103 109 3 3 3 3 7 9 3 51
Cem ent, Rom an, Portland, and other hydraulie
.................................................. 1,000 bbls.J8__ 2.055 462 1,568 1,809 1,728 1,914 2,852 455 1,517 1,449 1,450 1,866
Lim e______ ____________________ l,0001bs__ 57,842 25, 013 18,408 17, 575 13,636 15,388 357 107 87 91 66 72
Gypsum or plaster rock—
Crude__________________ tons of 2,240 lbs__ 825,046 403,193 604, 455 801,325 704,842 1,167,927 1,153 454 657 855 772 1,174
Ground, calcined, cements, and other mami-
193 60 61 109 70 80
15,203 4, 577 B, 340 10,172 6, 528 5,156
Cylinder, crown and sheet—
P la in _________________________ 1,000 lbs„_ 62,692 4,286 12,646 46,056 23,755 26,584 2,253 156 322 1,238 653 635
1,020 1,696 2,243 1,293 1,191 482 137 191 266 181 158
Plate glass___................. !.________1,000sq. ft._ 15,935 1,396 363 2,120 502 319 4,234 324 90 738 115 75
Rolled glass, ground, obscured, bent, beveled,
829 57 49 97 53 50
Lam inated glass and manufactures, and
314 8 196 606 123 56
428 618 655 719 566 323
553 284 270 279 237 175
352 89 151 142 S3 110
Bulbs for electric lamps (no filaments)
6,628 1,183 1,004 686 913 f 60 20 14 18 20
| 4,999 ( 1,823 3,204 4,279 3,091 2,350
877 244 '402 663 609 ‘ 374
1,357 777 790 I , 131 788 829
23,824 8,205 10,213 12,542 8,094 B, 458
Clays and earths—
Kaolin, china, and paper clay
_____________ ________tons of 2,240 lbs__ 278,349 106,095 124,819 130,824 75,161 102,407 2,856 773 1,111 1,211 754 1,016
Fluorspar...............................................—do— 58,003 13,820 22,772 33,092 17,520 14,555 555 162 256 398 288 177
Other clays and earths___________________ 674 636 855 831 430 431
FOREIGN COMMERCE

2 6 7 7 0 6
i£o
China and porcelain wares—
Tableware, kitchen ware, and utensils—
Domestic or household_____ 1,000 doz_
Hotel and restaurant—___ _____do___
Earthen, crockery,"and stone ware—
Table, toilet, and kitchen ware—
Domestic or household____ 1,000 doz_.
Hotel ware, plain or decorated__ do___
Common earthen and stone and Rocking-
j 9,014
/ 5,096
1 48
]■ 4,859
f 3,353
\ 60
974
5,238
34
6,147
38
3,479
32
3,566
17
4,520
44
1,484
4,931
61
1,899
2,439
24
1,269
2,852
27
1,511
Tiles_______ _______ ______ 1,000 sq. ft.18*— 5,387 917 2,374 2,170 1,368 1,117
Chalk—
Unmanufactured________ tons of 2,240 Tbs..
Manufactures_______________ .1,000 lbs._
Earthy and mineral substances and articles,
103,477
7,276
Natural abrasives—
Corundum ore________ tons of 2,240 lb s.. 2,707
4,544
79,131
26
1,640
2,136
79,099
37
105,139
21
4,277
5,551
1,862
4,783
66,817 9
59,653
11
1,873
426
1,754
1,956
Flint, unground______ tons of 2,240 I ts ., 11,947 5,109 8,848 11,989 7,294 10, 703
Artificial abrasives, crude_______ 1,000 lb s.. lfl 116,825 SO, 243 154,522 202,846 102,356 126,730
Asbestos-
Crude (including blue fiber)
tons of 2,240 lb s.. f 3,122
| 211,253 { 41,243
Stucco and other unmanufactured___do___
I 69,845
Cryolite or Irryolitb_______ tons of 2,240 lbs..
M ic a-
Unmanufactured______________ 1,000 lbs..
Mica, cut or split.............. ................... do—
7,132
1,550
} 4,077
5,716
5,130
f 1,769
1 213
7,064
71, 12S
139,310
12,616
8,646
4,526
183
12,791
92,648
168,836
16,690
14,451
8,072
155
Pyrites, or sulphuret of iron, more than 25 percent
su lp h u r______ 1,000 tons of 2,240 lbs . 391 348 429 524 334 482 1,038 1,175 1,431 1,344 846 1,315
Talc, steatite, and French chalk and manufactures,
except toilet preparations...1,000 lhs.. 53,174 44,008 49,040 53,753 44,254 52,535 573 421 457 473 301 m
'Ju n e 18 to Deo, 31,1930. 1! Barrels of 376 pounds. u» Not including square feet of articles of tiles or tiling. 1* Average for years 1928-29.
7,004
50,305
102,950
12,115
9,292
2,023
207
13,076
67,966
135,530
10,210
9,461
2,754
345
18,060 6,493
9,412 f 2,665
\ 77
1,285 852
5.426 f 2,117
1 54
1,784 675
154 54
1,108 106
569 35
23,603 11,177
124 101
103 3
752 628
4,040 2,531
163 108
101 31
132 77
109 45
3,129 / 1 1,969
114
405 188
f 462
8,706 \ 2,027
L 1,120
1,126 74
507 213
573 439
494 169
1,324
t f 3S9
12
7,829 9,923
3,173 4,239
50 57
884 1,276
2,712 2,851
40 54
896 1,313
74 134
112 124
50 55
20,691 26, 680
105 137
4 4
1,151 1,200
5,047 6,281
290 135
78 88
85 92
91 118
82 236
4,119 5,311
303 302
1,158 1,926
3,790 5,139
2,577 3,405
74 86
231 224
1,077 1,482
262 333
900 1,670
43 65
6,525 6,748
2,720 2,598
46 18
916 925
1,753 2,021
23 23
971 1,037
96 126
41 38
56 48
14, 983 20,169
90 78
5 1
617 438
3,323 4,116
139 105
8 29
55 66
74 116
142 83
2,729 3,428
177 289
1,112 1,872
2,960 4,488
2,089 2,734
59 58
169 161
786 712
142 301
490 727
32 82
FOREIGN
O
O
tel
&
05
©

N o. 5 7 6 . — I m p o s t s o p M e r c h a n d is e , b t C o m m o d it y G r o u p s a n d A r t ic l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
[“General imports,’’ 1926 to 1932; “Imports for consumption" thereafter!
GROUP AND ARTICLE
G r o u p 5.— N o n m e t a l u c m i n e r a l s — Continued
F. Other nonmetallic minerals—Continued.
Magnesite—
Crude and calcined___________1,000 Jbs_.
Dead burned and grain___________do__
Salt-
Bonded, used in curing fish_________do__
Other..._______
do__
Graphite or plumbago___ ;_________ do__
Mineral wax_____________________do__
Other nonmetallic minerals, n. e. s________
G . P r e c io u s s t o n e s and imitations______________
Diamonds—
Rough, uncut___ _____________ carats..
Cut, but not set________________ do----
For glaziers, engravers, and miners, not set
carats..
Pearls and parts, not strung or set_________
Other precious stones—
Rough, uncut_____________ __ _______
Cut, but not set_____________________
Imitations, except opaque_______________
Imitations, opaque, including imitation pearls.
Marcasites.-_________________________
Group 6.—M etals Aim manufactures, except
M ACHINERY AND VEHICLES
Total______
1926-1930 1931-1935
17,231 3,928
111,025 39,625
100,311 80,746 / 43,421 42,159
36,661 22,656
9,811 6,766
265,862
430,743
61,474
54,526
220,543
A. Iron ore and concentrates.1,000 tons of 2,240 lba_ 2,709 1,166
B. Iron and steel semimanufactures___ .________
Granular or sponge iron___ tons o f 2,240 lbs..
Pig iron______ —-__________ _____ do— .
Scrap and scale_____________ _____ do----
Steel bars____________ 1,000 lbs—
Bar iron_______ ___________ _____ do—
3 81
200,766
65,642
164,372
7,437
426,551 1,166,094 1,885,970 1,396,247
556
11S, 984
38,275
100,366
2,040
QUANTITY
1936 1937 1938
4,509 5,665
85,217 112,041
{ 5 8 ,6 6 0 4 9 ,8 3 3
48,343
7,394
97,677
445,610
59,186
8,177
97,219
517,677
2,977
49,981
42,021
37,006
34,010
6,297
91,515
330,925
2,232 2,123
1,950
165,808
142,245
103,293
3,188
1,872
111, 697
81,640
113,394
4,383
519
30,400
24,451
47,700
1,129
1939
5,572
88,839
30,923
61,144
43,901
8,011
153,982
488,154
3,568,730
2,413
1,879
38,592
29,492
46,550
2,085
VALUE IN THOUSANDS O F DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-193$ 1936 1937 1938 1939
189 40 51 63 40 57
813 315 663 795 372 801
} 166 92 / 44 45 48 28
1 68 88 54 74
829 327 567 752 372 425
598 509 839 936 693 836
1,652 128 153 232 293 463
68,836 18,997 38,146 50,494 32, 518 50,214
10,399
39,954
2,792
10, 713
6,231
22,708
7,730
29,860
7,077
17,017
7,956
27,417
2,734
6i 354
2,376
743
4,329
744
6,542
1,105
4,213
470
9,726
578
272 133 86 180 117 130
6,036 962 2,342 3,020 1,699 2,299
1,635 1,985. 1,762 2,018
1 22 39 25 19 31
a 108 67 33 46 143 59
J 3,066 / 1,188
334,072 128,774 206,750 280,780 158,730 227,272
6,726 2,867 5,280 5,842 5,288 5,886
11,089 4,652 8,444 7,895 3,138 3,458
33 59 56 65 24 67
3,280 1,394 2,336 1,701 598 663
918 298 1,520 1,153 281 302
3,606 1,442 2,103 2,740 1,306 1,180
188 49 S3 142 I 29 76

Wire rods----- --------------------------------- do-----
Boiler or other plate iron and steel———do----
Steel ingots, blooms, slabs, billets, die blocks,
eta___ _______________________1,000 lbs„
Sheet iron* and steel, saw plates and steel,
n. e. s__________ ._____________ 1,000 Tbs—
Tin plate, temeplate, and taggers tin— do-----
C, S t e e l - m i l l p r o d u c t s — m a n u f a c t u r e s ----------------------------
Structural iron and steel______________ 1,000 lbs— 320,440
Rails for railways----------------------------- do-_. 44,454
Pipes and tubes....................................... 5°— 214,007
Cast-iron pipe------------------------------ do— 129,455
Other pipes and tubes_____________ do— 84,552
Wire and manufactures—
Barbed wire---------------------------------do— 10,483
Bound wire-------------------------- -— -do-_. 10,328
Telegraph, telephone, and other insulated
Wife_ ._____________________ 1,000 lbs.
Flat wire and steel strips, n. e. s------- do__ 5,403
Card clothing- - .............. 1,002nS^ t ""
259
Wire rope and strand___________1,000 lbs. 85,018
Otherwire manufactures-------------- ------
Hoop or band iron or steel for baling- _1,00G lbs— ~2"42~073"
Hoop, band, or seroll iron and steel, n. e .s.
1,000 lbs— 3 21,905
Nails_____________________________ do----- 16,254
Castings and forgings______________
5,557
Tanks, drums, or vessels for gas or liquids
number— 181,238
Autoclaves, converters, separators, stills,
ovens, etc., and parts___________________
D . i r o n a n d s t e e l , a d v a n c e d m a n u f a c t u r e s .
Cutlery—
Razors and parts — -— thousands—
Scissors, shears, and dippers________ do----
Folding-blade knives---------------------do-----
Other cutlery-------------------------------do----
Enameled or glazed ware and utensils
pounds. .
Tools..................- ................
■
Needles, hand, sewing, and darning. - millions
Other needles__________________________
Other advanced manufactures------------------
E. Ferro-alloys______________________________
Manganese ore—
Product of
0 , /Gross weight____ tons of 2,240 lbs.
UUDa\Manganese content------------ do—
* Average for years 1928-30.
32,192 25,009 42,361
9,919 1,067 944
51,405 12, 401 2,829
43,440 28,071 50, 649
2,102 3, 591 521
47,780
1,429
3,829
1,215
1,004
6,201
“ 2,166
91,749
11,561
29,091
3,578
25,513
137,949
17,401
81,114
2,503
78,611
30,134 34,130
6, 274 11,119
100
3,014
161
4,086
80
6,466
319
5,420
17,058 5,456
40,981
24,097
3,093
52,158
46, 877
3,319
240, 667 437, 073
806
651
1,070
3.089
535
449
238
1,336
4,220
834
35,435 11, 827 23,949 i
477 796 62
5,172 1,913 1,866
19,712 13, 539 3,150
552 244 221
175,332
18,587
103,454
8,284
95,169
37,332
10,900
76
9,033
342
7,947
” “3"609'
57,384
33,671
10,273
353,794
304
266
770
4,126
901
8,117
68,815
3,626
65,189
28,062
3,771
60
6,038
168
4,526
37, 472
17,021
8, 545
17,437
72,639
4,124
6 8,515
34,158
5 , 6 2 7
19
7,063
250
3,725
35,897
16, 324
2,573
244,296 200,162
290
341 143
427 184
3,136 1.306
563 276
749 826 848 m 709 723"
29,302
14,568
37,911 122,937 131,422
17,472 50,384 61,534
8 June 18 to Dec. 31,1930.
105,936
51,718
877 689 1,259 i 1,361 410 i 929
140 16 13 10 19 14
959 176 127 267 105 103
964 400 885 383 334 94
156 127 62 72 32 25
17,309 7,507 13,068 16, 224 10, 762 10, 588
4,895 1,083 1,843 2,598 1,495 1, 352
546 141 177 240 113 206
5,471 1,173 3,005 4,165 2 , 5 4 1 2,691
1,707 45 7 5 210 5 9 70
3,764 1,127 2,930 3,955 2,481 2,621
270 625 865 868 720 927
720 371 744 853 318 510
63 12 9 10 14 3
1,638 751 1,642 2,137 1,627 1,728
413 197 431 527 2S7 372
2 402 270 389 549 376 291
903 551 593 824 471 361
2 799 248 96 77 406 314
a 396 5 7 4 761 896 645 5 9 5
549 768 1,391 1,087 650 558
345 202 269 592 428 159
085 519 854 797 665 521
3 67 22 1 3 6 2
6,973 2,773 S, 594 4,010 2,631 2,481
492 134 204 172 104 169
285 104 101 112 70 74
202 43 63 55 34 29
429 292 462 603 389 387
237 111 126 161 121 66
861 749 967 1,185 731 669
830 538 623 666 492 539
231 216 299 259 1S6 181
3,406 587 748 • 797 504 366
IS, 463 9,246 20,640 27,207 18,046 21,375
98 446 522 2,186 2,242 1,690
15 Average for years 1927-30.
FOREIGN COMMERCE
O i
O
CO

05
No. 5 7 6 .— I m p o r t s o p M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G b o tjp s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
O
["General imports,” 1928 to 1982; "Imports for consumption" thereafter]
Q U A N T I T Y
VALUE m THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
G R O U P A N D A R T IC L E
1936-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 193G 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 6 .—M e t a l s , e t c .—Continued
E. Ferro-alloys—Continued.
M anganese ore—Continued.
Other manganese ore (manganese content)
tons of 2,240 lbs__ 291,335 144, 636 398,276 408,330 181,323 270,990 7,878 2, 967 8,298 8,530 4,804 6,939
Ferromanganese and other alloys (manganese
content)_____________ ___ tons of 2,240 lbs__ 45,347 21,003 30,733 23,925 21,138 33,452 4,632 1,677 2,270 2,166 1,780 2r94S
Chrome ore or chromite (gross w eight).-do----- 260, 515 173,909 324,258 553,916 352,085 317, 511
134,891
} 2,268 2,450 4,432 7,324 4,855 3,815
79,391 141,198 247,056 163,570
Chrom ium and alloys. __________ 1 ,0 0 0 lbs__ 1,139 290 285 756 359 41$ 126 60 88 155 78 99
Ferrosilicon and other silicon alloys____do__ _ 17,896 2^506 5,584 10,836 4,097 7,561 1,019 174 349 791 285 584
Tungsten—
Ore and concentrates bonded for smelting.
refining, and export (tungsten content)
1,000 lb s .. l i f 579 503 829 590 n f 200 320 805 415
O ther ore and concentrates (tungsten con- Y 951 r 318
tent)_________________________1,000 lb s ..
Tungsten and combinations (tungsten con* [> 3,642 f I 3,586 5,561 163 1,485 - 1,184
I 1,530 2,940 139 998
f
tent)_________________ _______ 1,000 lb s .. 1 72 180 134 23 40 I 46 147 134 33 47
662 678 1,502 697 711 1,517
V anadium ore____________ tons of 2,240 lb s .. 5,609 398 1,667 6,610 8,912 14,012 562 37 156 639 891 992
O ther ores of ferro-alloying metals__l,000 lb s .. “ 4,982 134,017 299,405 365,624 474,174 581,985 it 43 394 1,147 1,325 1,421 1,334
F. Honferrons m etals, except precious_____________ 254,196 95,792 146,983
112,094 171,547
13,082 4,496 7,552 11,787 6,900 8,581
Bauxite, crude___________ tons of 2,240 lb s .. 356,841 205,654 322,790 507,423 455,693 520,179 1,611 1,218 2,371 3,609 3,521 3,765
M etal, scrap___________________ 1,000 lbs 51,576 15,267 25,159 44,702 17,512 28,060 10,714 2,707 4,073 6,770 % 431 3)251
M anufactures:
Plates, sheets, bars, etc-------------- .—do___ 125 m 404 476 228 613 30 46 92 112 61 134
139 105 78 86 37 27 72 53 47
24 16
654 472 QfiQ
864
Copper (copper content)________ 1,000 lbs.*0 815,078 422,231 867,576 454,953 411,437 461,838 108,243 29,662 29,884 52, 562 37,872 44,230
For smelting, refining, and export___ do___ ^ 815,078 422,231 / 319,968 395,944 370,971 429,959
\ 47,608 59,014 40,466 31,380
} 108,243 29,662 / 26,459 45,936 34,438 41,394
I 3.426 6,626 3,434 2,836
Ore a nd concentrates:
For refining and export_________ do___ } 160,237 62,336
/ 42,269 25,523 34, 205 23,206
\ 20,877 28,746 21,069 14,423
} 18,951 4,014 / 3,451 2,718 3,337 2,245
I 1,261 2,806 1,638 1,137
Reguius.blackor coarse copper and cem ent
GUppt-i.
F o r refining and export______1,000 lbs_ 1 2,594 53, 578 / 1,861 3,164 3,066 1,058
] 301
O ther__ ■______________________ do— I a 80 103 161
3,766
f 151 370 306 102
I 0)
12 10 18
FOREIGN COMMERCE

Unrefined, black, blister and converter
copper in pigs or bars:
For refining and export_____ 1,000 lbs__
Other__________ -................do—
Befined copper:
For manufacture and export____ do___
Otber_ ............................................ do-----
Scrap, scale, and clippings:
For manufacture and export____ do—
Other______________ _________ do-----
Other copper and copper manufactures,
n. e. $__________ -___ ;— .----------------
Brass and bronze, and manufactures. _----------
Old brass, etc., for remanufacture (gross
weight)_______________ 1,000 ]bs.-
Brass manufactures--------------------------------
Bronze manufactures------------------------------
Lead (lead content)31___________ 1,000 ]bs.32_
Ore and matte—-_______
do-----
Bullion or base bullion_______ do-----
Pigs, bars, old and scrap ........... do-----
Babbitt metal, solder, etc. (lead content) «
I,0001bs„
Type metal and an-(gross weight------ do—
timoniallead____ \lead content.,— do__
Manufactures of lead, n.e.s. (except type
metal)___ -------- -------------------- -------—
Ore and m atte________________1,000 lbs—
N ickel oxide.......... — ......... -.-do-----
Nickel and alloys in pigs, etc_______ do___
Nickel in bars, plates, sheets, eta, and manufactures______
•__________ _________
Tin—
Ore (tin content)..._____ tons of 2,240 lbs__
Bars, blocks, pigs, etc__________ 1,000 Ibs_.
Zinc—
Ore (zine content)31......................... — do—
Blocks, pigs, etc., and old.................... do-----
Zinc sheets, dust, and other manufactures—.
Antimony—
n /gross weight.................... 1,000 lbs..
ure \antimony content— .......... do.—
Needle or liquated andregulusormetal.do—
526,444 225,596
115,760 79,179 |
10,042 1,543 |
/ 261, 740
I 785
9,330
24,353
4,769
1,588
354,492
1,068
879
29,001
11,886
119
9,993 1,577 1
267,480
78,151
178,695
6,005
1,345
3,965
3,265
18,709
1,772
42,068
194
176,571
‘Less than 500.
*• Average for years 1927-30.
« Not induding pounds of copper manufactures, n. e. s.
26,657
262
5,839
3,394
24,146
BS, 188
39,892
21,819
790
251
634
436
12,908
975
35,013
50
120,442
11, 253
3,470
18,320
6,319
5, 849
32,867
25,133
1,605
4,686
141
912
801
23,194
2,550
80, 528
179
170,305
3,946
23,352
60,972
21, 091
4,711
32, 599
19,986
3,660
8,366
355
264
231
25,086
2,044
81,740
151
197,377
6,994
76,093
84,905
27,636
3,630
326,802
495
1,244
18,798
5,654
(9
73,375
53,185
12,527
6,760
153
865
749
14, 579
555
43,927
111,396
10,787
15,352
39,623
16,644
1,821
394,951 \
11,393 J
2,540 \
5,139 )
8,204
264 }
191,472
68,784
109, 261
12, 695
91
761
643 }
28,434
1,632
99,309
500
157,029
84,702
63,064
41,999
1 8 ,8 9 6
2,545 }
» Imports are. In part, for refining and export,
n Not Including pounds of lead manufactures,
“ “ Kgs and bars” prior to Jan. 1, 1927.
70.841 15,682
f 21,616
1 63
41,434
115
30,079
44
37,961
961
822 63
0)
1,406 299 254 305 241 212
1,198 369 285 338 285 242
16.841 6,005
f
\
799
1, B55
71
3,523
130
1,624
263
552
1,088 77
f
\
442
133
1,342
11
586
(0
822
23
220
3,427
118
731
114
540
160
643
118
526
144
454
15,1B1 1,952 833 1, 526 2,113 7,228
4,409 1,172 463 760 1,191 2,402
9,212 527 48 190 546 4,394
420 23 123 280 156 257
684 140 112 214 127 96
276 20 35 14 39 38
180 70 51 68 54 40
13,004 10,743 23,813 23, 986 13,089 29, 078
1,747 1,705 3,049 3,258 1,940 3,760
276 178 477 38D 95 311
10,794 8,827 20,260 20,299 11,014 24,914
187 33 27 43 41 103
116 26 95 133 (■) 41B
88,943 43,811 75,451 104,285 44,860 70,591
1,118 235 85 188 428 1,610
12 109 771 3,938 507 1,922
100 IS 27 38 32 26
268 229 1,200 X, 775 1,095 1,132
2,173 270 383 330 167 227
a “ Scrap lead. Babbitt metal, solder, etc.,’
e. s. prior to Jan. 1, 1927.
FO R E IG N C O M M E R C E
0 5
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cn

No. 576.— I m p o r t s o f M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939—Continued
GROUP AND ARTICLE
G r o u p 6.— M e t a l s, e t c .— C o n tin u e d
[“ General imports,” 1928 to 1932; “Imports for consumption” thereafter]
QUANTITY
v a l u e i n t h o u s a n d s o f d o l l a r s
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
F . ETonfem m s m e ta ls , e x c e p t p re c io u s — C o n tin u e d .
C o b a lt—
O r e .. _- ___________________________ 1,000 lbs__ \ 711 f 1,040 587 450 611 ..... f 78 44 32 54
M e ta l ______________________________ . . d o ____ } 1 ,13S
/ 711 \ 883 1,073 938 2,130 \ 1,015 1,342 1,147 2,712
Q u ic k s ilv e r o r m e r c u ry .................................... d o . - 1,296 711 1,375 1,438 180 266 1,495 363 1,018 1,228 133 337
794 339 1,131 1,726 511 807
5,096 2,337 3,106 3, 568 2,682 2,189
G. P re c io u s m e ta ls , je w e lry , a n d p la te d w a r e , e x c e p t
19, SOB 5, 947 8, 741 10, 503 6, 770 11, 983
' 259 « 304 (25*) («») (25*) (25*)
P l a t i n u m ______________ _ _________ oz. t r o y — 114,667 98,415 157,338 148, 795 127,829 190,226 8,432 2,646 4,884 5,942 3,627 6,126
O re s o f p la tin u m m e ta l ( p la tin u m c o n te n t)
oz. tr o y — 494 390 2,204 1,186 3,263 5,943 43 9 72 43 72 138
G ra in s , n u g g e ts , sp o n g e o r s c ra p ____ d o ____ 82,269 68, 931 103,121 85, 557 80,475 116,261 5,858 1, 770 2,932 2, 757 2,185 3,815
I n g o ts , b a rs , s h e e ts o r p la te s , e tc ______d o ____ 31,904 29,094 52,013 62,052 44,091 68, 022 2,531 866 1,881 3,142 1,371 2,173
P l a ti n u m m e ta ls a n d n a tiv e c o m b in a tio n s —
I r i d iu m ___________ _ ___________ oz. t r o y . . 4,163 3 ,412 2,668 5,568 1,717 6,363 631 168 213 532 119 687
O s m iu m a n d o s m irid iu m ________ d o ____ 6,896 5,386 6,047 3, 672 2,9a 2,827 469 176 162 99 78 73
P a lla d iu m _______ ____________________ d o ____ 14,168 27, 586 38,842 45,427 26,858 96,829 395 395 590 742 448 2,099
R h o d iu m a n d r u th e n i u m _____________ d o ____ 2,706 2, 4G2 5,537 3,461 i , 8 a 10,382 106 70 146 103 95 896
2,950 424 233 428 515 465
M e ta l a rtic le s a n d m a te ria ls fo r p e rso n a l u s e
1,343 fOO 219 349 296 167
R o s a rie s , c h a p le ts, a n d s im ila r a rtic le s
290 409 540 526 358 126 181 250 245 184
373 524 447 393 294 1, 561 824 603 431 295
1,000 d o z —
1 /ab n , tin s e l th re a d s , b u llio n , e t c . . . 1,000l b s . .
3 166
1,263
3S0
353
1,827 313 329 374 278 177
1, 529 826 961 1,082 637 792
G r o u p 7.— M a c h i n e r y a n d v e h i c l e s
Total__________ _____ _________________________ 31,233 12, 018 IB, 747 24,833 17, 898 15,095
2, 794 2,051 2,315 2 ,331 2,019 1, 9S0
E le c tr ic la m p s —in c a n d e s c e n t—
C a rb o n fila m e n t________ _ ..t h o u s a n d s J 27,624 448 5 35 19 p ) 1,023 13 1 1 1 p )
O th e r__ ______________________ —...............d o . I 9,546 99,259 142,560 122, 320 / 66,264 96,204 340 1,026 1,089 919 493 7 8 6
6 0 6 FOREIG N CO M M ERCE

Vacuum cleaners and parts **----- ------ ---------
Brass bases for electric-lamp bulbs_thousands—
Otber electrical machinery and apparatus____
B, C, D, Industrial, ofS.ce, and printing machinery—
Engines and parts n. e. s__________________
Metal-working machine tools and parts_____
Textile machinery-.........—________________
Embroidery, lace, and lace-curtain machines
and parts_____ ___________ _____
Knitting machines and parts 280__________
Carding and other preparing, spinning, and
twisting machinery and partsd______
Cotton--------- -----------------------------------
Wool................................... ...........................
Looms and parts_________________ —____
Bayon manufacturing machinery and parts—
Other textile machinery and parts________
Sewing machines and parts------------------------
Antifriction halls, rollers, and hearings
1,000 lb s-
Cream separators, over $50 each, and other
centrifugal machines and parts.......................
Other industrial, office,and printingmachinery.
E. Agricultural machinery and implements________
Creamseparafcors, not over $50 each—number—
Plows and cultivators_______________ do__
Tractors___________________________do__
Combines, headers, harvesters, and reapers
number—
All other, including agricultural vehicles____
F. Automobiles and other vehicles, except agricultural......................................................................
Trucks, busses, and passenger automobiles
num ber-
Parts of automobiles, except tires and glass___
Airplanes, hydroplanes, etc............. ..................
Motor boats and parts____________________
Other vehicles and parts__________________
i Less than 500.
* June 18 to Dee. 31, 1930.
4 Average for yearn 1929 and 1930.
Average for years 1933-35.
10,737 33,594 45,937 12,178 5,620
1,267 2,168 1,431
27,554
6,632
*28
9, 515
1,402
817
25,730
4, 705
2,374
23,945
2,962
2,562
19,450
3, 338
701
18,611
1,371
232
4 651 218 723 1,790 2,137 938
694 1,075 1,946 580 639
« Average for years 1931 and 1932.
Gold and silver sweepings have been included since 1932 with
imports of gold ore, bullion, and coin shown in tables 544 and 553.
25* Vacuum cleaners only prior to 1935.
[ 78
1,431 1,012 \ 38
I 1,108
18,604
584
6,424
276
10,130
508
773 272 m
6,068 1,432 2,057
123 114 211
3,547 441 656
781 251 640
413 106 122
368 103 402
I 83
1,616 627 \ 135
I 334
445 193 208
1,039 440 825
* 86 121 290
9, 678 3, 688 5, 605
6,670 2, 367 4,665
597 187 540
543 121 228
3 14 439 1,154
4 465 87 274
5,340 1,534 2,669
3,165 1,155 1,437
1,168 359 559
1,341 241 334
244 48 58
2 134 373 66
621 133 421
100 35 23
60 17 12
1,251 1,473 1,170
13,190 9, 5B6 7,973
1,083 564 699
983 917 663
2,973 2,396 2,347
177 168 154
88 8 1,094 1,171
740 430 675
220 110 312
249 65 244
302 65 48
401 473 41
466 166 258
264 163 210
1,216 739 493
331 194 159
6,339 4,633 3,402
7,031 3, 920 3,090
475 415 510
337 325 145
1,379 294 100
567 981 412
4,274 1,905 1,923
2,281 2,373 2,042
1,143 375 520
448 1,373 926
94 42 39
139 153 145
458 430 412
2so Includes braiding and insulating machinery.
2id “ Manufacturing machinery and parts” for cotton and
wool prior to 1933 and for cotton, wool, jute, and other
fibers, thereafter.
fo reign commerce
O
^ 4

No. 576.— I m p o s t s o f M e r c h a n d i s e , b t C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
[“ General imports,” 1926 to 1932; “Imports for consumption” thereafter]
GROUP AND ARTICLE
quantity
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1936 1939 .0*6-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G5
O
OO
Group 8.—Chemicals and related products
Total.................................... —....................
A. Coal-tar chemicals__________
Coal-tar products, crude—
Dead or creosote oil..
.1,000 gals..
Other crude coal-tar products..
Intermediates—
Acids________________________1,000 lb s..
Ail other intermediates____________ do-----
Finished products—
CoJors, dyes, stains, color acids, and color
bases, n. e. s ________________ 1,000 lbs—
Coal-tar medicinals...------------------- do—
Other finished coal-tar products--------do-----
3 . Medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations-------
Quinine sulphate________________ 1,000 oz__
Other quinine and alkaloids and salts from cinchona
bark____________________1,000 oz__
Other alkaloids, salts, and derivatives_______
Antitoxins, serums, vaccines, etc., and blistering
beetles_____________________-........... -
Menthol______________________ 1,000 lbs~
Other medicinals_________________________
Preparations in capsules, pills, tablets, etc-----
All other preparations, n. e. s_____ ______
C. Industrial chemicals________________________
Acetylene, butylene, ethylene, and propylene
derivatives___________________ 1,000 lbs__
Acids and anhydrides—
Arsenious acid or white arsenic--------do-----
Formic__________________________do-----
Oxalic______________ ____________ do-----
Sulphuric (oil of vitriol)___________ do-----
Tartaric________________ ________ do-----
Acetic or pyroligneous_____________do—
All other_________________ ______ do----
Alcohols, including fusel oil.
1,416
1,525
5,863
108
85
1,805
1,125
337
a 282
22,124
1,937
1,244
26,852
2,293

Ammonium compounds—
Chloride (muriate)___________ —1,000 lb s„ 11,461 6,084
Nitrate________
do___ 10,079 5,930
All other.............................................— do__ 1,201 539
Barium compounds________ —do___ 13,772 2,236
Calcium compounds, ru e. s___________do__ 6,915 552
Cellulose products, n. e. s______ do___ 3353
242
Camphor: Natural, crude____________ do___ 2,667 1,999
Natural, refined___________ do__ 1, 258 1,293
Synthetic_________________ do__ 2.901 1,147
Cohalt oxide___________ —_________ do___ 394 400
Coppersulphate (bluevitriol), gross wgt.do___ 3.901 1,209
Lime, chlorinated, or bleaching powder—do___ 2,961 2,117
Glycerin................................................. —do___ 21,122 10,931
Crude___________________________ do__ 14,717 9,057
Refined__________________________ do__ 6,406 1,874
Iodine, crude_______________________do__ 696 836
Magnesium compounds______________do__ 19,446 10, 455
Potassium compounds—
Carbonate___________ ____-..........—do___ 16,502 11,246
Chlorate and perchlorate___________ do__ 13,624 12,523
Cream of tartar_____ _____________ do___ 190 26
Cyanide_________________________ do__ 158 83
. Hydroxide (caustic potash)__________do__ 12,870 5,557
Argols, tartar and wine lees_________do__ 19,890 16,253
Other potassium compounds, n. e. s._do___ 11,320 3,742
Sodium compounds—
Cyanide__________________________do__ 33,686 21,057
Perrocyanide (yellow prussiate)______do__ 1,551 '987
N itrite_______
do___ 540 4
Sulphate (salt cake)_______________ do__
173,288
Chlorate__-............
—do___
“c 1,564
Sulphate, anhydrous and crystallized
....... ........................... —........ do___
16,379
All other, n. e. s...............................— do___
Radium salts....... ................. milligrams— 212,830 13,478
All other industrial chemicals______________
D. Pigments, paints, and varnishes____________
Mineral earth pigments—
Iron oxide and iron hydroxide pigments
1.000 lb s„
Oehers and siennas____________
Other________________________________
Chemical pigments—
L ithopone and oth er zinc s u lp h id e s
1.000 lbs—
Zinc oxide and leaded zinc oxide____ do___
All other........................................
do__
1 Less than 500.
1 Average tor years 1928-30.
86« “ Sulphate, anhydrous” prior to 1939.
23,801 13,666
19,965 10,566
19,177 9,811
>1,246 3,971
.do________ 2,798

9,283 8,448 6,782 8,487 394
3,390 6,444 3,330 2,125 395
747 713 633 1,150 60
1, 675 1,681 962 1,053 203
1,359 1,508 755 2,631 265
309 233 100 160 s 228
2,286 1,912 784 1,157 1,123
1,049 1,016 719 818 706
1,967 1,828 564 528 1,171
814 843 373 681 737
4 33 160 187
1,708 2,154 1,860 1,323 76
14,596 20,977 15,665 11,318 2,669
11,149 13,441 13,098 10,988 1,617
3,447 7, 535 2,567 330 1,051
592 1,967 571 200 2,330
11,171 13,617 9,199 7,144 222
2,795 1, 576 583 434 759
13,952 13,911 13, 696 11,956 495
191 « 36 6 33
100 86 84 102 47
3,092 2,274 973 663 773
16,806 23,820 31,745 17,370 1,872
2,960 4,418 3,130 6, 619 553
27,179 35,292 26,387 42,686 2,668
2,301 1, 283 1,344 1,412 128
1 1 60 50 20
302,841 440,353 284,859 297,588
4,612 7,070 5,156 3,759
1,951
23,708 30,616 12,965 11,919
12,212
17,042 IS, 293 38, 750 78,631 603
5,236
3,556
15, 675 16,792 10,044 16,914 567
10,220 13,084 6,675 9,704 392
510
9,562 11,202 7,864 5,282 886
1, 580 1, 551 1,290 3,101 *90
2,941 1,916 1,292 1,355 516
3 June 18 to Dee. 31,1930.
* Average for years 1929 and 1930.
154 218 203 160 191
120 43 72 46 31
46 84 93 66 108
65 58 58 43 40
14 40 39 22 74
187 181 132 65 69
541 625 554 237 323
490 470 466 329 329
359 637 643 207 213
357 886 1,059 519 945
40 1 1 7
63 44 56 48 47
668 1,793 4,071 1,247 758
535 1,199 2,243 1,028 729
133 594 1,827 219 29
1,743 558 1,784 464 168
155 173 208 167 159
558 151 81 31 24
555 772 585 808 663
4 19 « 5 * 1
31 41 34 30 35
318 210 168 79 62
1,022 911 1, 699 2,472 1,217
220 207 330 231 404
2,082 2,901 3,762 2,404 3,123
84 166 82 79 S3
1 « 0) 3 1
818 1,334 1,872 1,332 1,394
7o 77 206 266 220 136
*a 148 226 2S9 117 100
442 595 615 432 420
679 700 378 787 1,954
2,813 3,240 3,382 2,740 3,353
1,856 1,971 2, m 1, S68 1, 519
284 415 493 324 477
181 191 216 105 158
323 315 519 265 214
298 274 302 207 131
206 92 98 73 146
223 355 227 157 228
** Average for years 1933-35.
7« Average for years 1932-35.
4
O
g
o
%
a
o
fed
£
Q
H
05 O
CO

No. 576.— I m p o r t s o p M e r c h a n d i s e , b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s a n d A r t i c l e s : 1926 t o 1939— Continued
[ “ G e n e r a l i m p o r t s , ” 1 9 2 6 t o 1 9 3 2 ; " I m p o r t s f o r c o n s u m p t i o n ” t h e r e a f t e r ]
os
H-1
o
GROUP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1926-1930
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 8.—C h e m ic a l s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s — Con.
D. f i g m e n t , paints, and T a r n i s h e s —Continued.
Paints, stains, and enamels________________
Varnishes_____________________ 1,000 gals__ 3 2 1 9 12 10 8 6
E. Fertilizers and materials_1,000 tons of2,2401bs._
Nitrogenous—
Sulphate of ammonia____ tons of 2,240 lbs__
Ammonium nitrate mixtures________ do__
C alcium cyanam ide or lime nitrogen
tons of 2,240 lbs__
Calcium nitrate__________________do—
Guano----- ---------------------------------- do—
Dried blood_____________________ do—
Sodium nitrate__________________ do___
Tankage58______________________ do___
Urea and calurea_________________do—
* All other________________________do—
Phosphates—
Animat carbon and precipitated boneJSa
tons of 2,240 lbs..
Other phosphate materials_________do____
Potash fertilizers—
Chloride, crude (muriate of potash)__do.
EAinite_________________________ do.
Manure salts____________________ do.
Sulphate, crude--------- ------------------- do.
Nitrate, crude, or saltpeter------------- do------
Other potash-bearing substances____do___
Fertilizers, compounded or chemically combined,
containing nitrogen, phosphoric acid,
and potash_____________tons of 2,240 lbs_.
All other fertilizers_________________ do_.
F, Explosives___________________
Powder and other explosives..
Firecrackers__________ ____
Fireworks and ammunition...
2,152 1,236 1, 520
24,040
» 38,249
132,442
26,143
28,783
10,804
839,008
24,571
* 7,932
75,433
59,864
41,056
220,168
115,972
350,349
78,200
9,800
13,943
* 7,098
66,673
207, 443
6,945
72, 078
21, 596
26,142
6,340
281,646
5,280
74> 190
28,481
26,587
145,132
79,119
111, 416
58,472
26,038
377
4,098
54,497
153, 273
55,491
112, 863
36,959
22,804
10, 074
472,335
3,232
114,901
27,032
22,253
210,678
52,940
34,869
65,344
58,876
249
5,236
60,285
2,046
83,389
66,420
123,417
40, 612
13,104
12,264
626, 594
15,042
2,410
171,268
41,755
72,044
372,930
116,094
40, 097
103,633
70,127
228
8,494
66,177
.1,000 lbs.. 3 4,272 2,752 3,968 5,856
1, 553
120,837
67,497
119,120
28,356
15,199
5,716
577,130
9,845
1,571
116,443
22,966
26,450
199, 591
53,762
8,187
65,190
52,805
164
7,384
55,143
1, 374
109,493
66, 978
132, 698
19, 255
5,151
13,847
604,390
12,148
836
126,033
2,591
21,143
84,301
18,654
1,855
49,172
57,703
133
2,794
44,894
608
57
67,997
1,003
i* 2,175
4,862
1, 052
1,247
679
33,252
869
3 714
2,352
1,717
461
7,654
908
4,496
3,455
459
217
3495
1,134
1,022
146
782
84
313 300 290 218 148
28 29 28 19 17
28,653 33, 394 48,704 36,496 32,455
4,040 3,269 1,928 3,088 2,959
186 1,449 1,783 1,894 1,838
1,767 2,622 3,041 2,996 3,174
512 956 1,084 787 553
552 457 376 718 212
236 461 708 266 578
7,708 9,160 11, 598 10,732 11,213
599 290 442
448 305 271 157 85
1,647 2,249 4,461 2,916 3,611
557 562 978 493 74
351 370 1,108 414 369
4,304 5,194 9,725 5,372 2,314
727 529 1,139 526 155
1,450 475 592 113 22
2,114 2,090 3,305 2,193 1,624
947 1,701 2,071 1,652 1,636
4 2 2 1 1
247 324 415 347 185
861 1,220 1,521 1,541 1,410
525 738 864 655 410
35 62 40 10 17
465 647 779 613 377
25 29 45 32 15
FOEiEIGN COMMERCE

Soap—
Castile_________________ -_____1,000 lbs_.
Toilet--_________________________ do— .
Other___________________________ do— -
3,018
1,755
1,933
2,064
811
6,840
1,681
587
1,633
1,266
608
1,837
1,037
541
1,415
925
697
1,806
Bath salts___________________ __1,000 lbs__ 338 25 24 13 16 27
6,739 2, 787 2,811
361 202 183
552 234 178
214 314 179
3,228 1,209 1,580
1,659 571 515
3 11 5 4
721 253 172
3, 131 2,409 3, 015
165 110 97
200 164 197
190 144 185
1,882 1,453 1,983
501 378 396
3 3 5
190 157 152
G b o o t 9.—M i s c e l l a n e o u s
Sensitized films, not exposed—
Motion picture___________ .1,000 lin. ft__
Film negatives for motion pictures____ do___
American films exposed abroad (negatives,
undeveloped)_______________ 1,000 lin. ft__
Film positiv es..___ ______________do____
Photographic paper.*.____________1,000 ibs._
S. Scientific and professional instruments, appara-
2,424
3 37
4,542
147, 212
2,055
324
4,680
201,415
1,313
337
5,843
221,687
1,181
.275
7,699
244,300
909
374
8,658
197,118
800
259
9,232
3,819 1, 613 1,629 2,154 2,416 a, 5i3
Optical goods— ’
Opera and field glasses..______ thousands. _ 268 78 577 1, 592 299 250
Scientific, professional, and laboratory instru-
Violins, cellos, etc., made before 1801..number__ 257 150 293 141 206
Accordions and concertinas_____ thousands..
Mouth organs and harmonicas..............do----
'Toys—
86
9,592
111
8, 502
79
6,303
70
7,930
185,138 81, 717 93,048
5,729 3,111 5, 066
453 747 2,044
3,444
\ / 1,053
222 256
1,458
335 213 190
35 18 13
195' 188 267
227 157 152
1,073 513 686
3,319 1,494 2,441
515 165 290
165 45 166
1,127 525 738
632 392 662
881 367 585
4,498 2,508 4, 099
* 186 301 67
669 353 718
484 105 151
271 481 45
( 1,688
3,036 1,268 { 829
[ 600
6,709 3,240 S, 535
1,033 483 385
3,491 2,005 2,316
101,904 90, 863 91, 369
7,923 8,712 7,898
4,230 4, 597 3,364
5G8 676 1,217
1, 524 1, 613 1,423
179 116 103
13 16 11
373 437 433
162 147 1S4
934 1,111 1,163
3,004 2,349 1, 746
479 260 328
162 47 21
831 717 361
753 606 474
779 719 562
4,589 3,831 3,935
105 98 119
988 862 841
230 280 346
53 69 21
1,928 1,384 1,496
853 677 644
433 462 468
4,177 2,557 2,492
468 216 189
2,772 1, 380 1,070
Other toys'n __________________________
— ......... I________
* Average for years 1928-30. * June 18 to Dec. 31, 1930. u Average for years 1927-30. iT Includes rubber toys prior to 1933.
j« Classified as an inedible animal product June 18,1930 through 1936; beginning January 1937, data for fertilizer and other tankage are shown separately.
Includes bone ash, dust, and meal prior to 1939. See note 7a.
FOREIGN COMMERCE
05

No. 5 7 6 .—Imports op Merchandise, by Commodity Groups and Articles: 1926 to 1939— Continued
[“General imports,” 1926 to 1982; “Imports for consumption**thereafter]
GHOTJP AND ARTICLE
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1926-1930 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1936-1939 1931-1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
G r o u p 9.—M i s c e l l a n e o u s —Continued
E. Toys, athletic, and sporting goods—Continued.
Dice, dominoes, chips, etc 109 81 62 70 52 46
Athletic and sporting goods—
Fishing rods, reels, hooks, hait, etc_______ 287 416 559 474 548
Balls for games, n. e, s.*(not of rubber) «
thousands.. 920 5,073 4,568 5,065 7,200 9,143 109 148 77 81 101 132
516 236 280 228 334 507
583 179 260 290 359 414
14,210 6, 896 8,871 9, 588 9,088 9,116
lj 931 1, 218 1, 350 1,456 1, 383 1,292
3‘ 268 1,098 1,058 1,377 1,548 2,141
2,558 1,483 2,404 2,829 2,562 2,336
Books, pamphlets, music, maps, charts, and
4,530 2,230 2,597 2,930 2,652 2, 455
Lithographic prints—
Labels, flaps, and cigar bands___ 1,000 lbs 169 71 58 44 69 42 200 74 59 49 57 36
Decalcomaruas and transparencies___do___ 405 263 308 357 222 212 557 417 546 578 472 511
1,166 377 358 379 365 345
13,392 3,457 8,027 10,806 8,027 10,138
l) 0G6 113 115 158 83 112
Clocks and clock movements____ number. i 186,252 27,756 IS, 386 16,071 17,439 fi, 976 *625 65 56 74 62 72
* 304 48 60 84 21 40
Watches and watch movements__thousands.. 3,958 773 2,229 3,127 2,386 2,919 9,726 2,421 5,878 8,183 6,562 8,058
1,585 407 734 1,141 863 897
16,374 50,100 62,818 63,140 43,713 1,120 480 1,242 1,252 1,288 913
Recorders, metersj regulators, and similar in-
395 35 57 73 131 158
65,381 22,185 25, 889 21,796 16, 774 17, 569
’250 ’ 130 57 40 35 33
33,749 5,567 8,970 4,843 4,060 5,400
Altars, statuary, regalia, etc., for religious or
1, 507 539 403 419 520 437
47,764 14,404 15,733 15,478 11,183 9,686
Works of art for exhibition, presentation to
1,411 1, 205 519 711 790 1, 839
All other art works_______________________ ________ 699 290 208 304 186 194

Beads and bead ornaments—
71,023
38,644
35,358
39,712
38,315
38,041
1,403 216 117 220 161 409
2,796 1,281 344 540 631 565
814 613 866 1,354 1, 357 371
950 901 1,297 1,351 935 1,331 449 329 378 431 307 404
964 640 1,022 1,036 676 406
Tooth____________ _________.-1,000 doz— 1,554 1,235 1,287 1, 491 615 654 727 328 362 447 183 179
Hair and other toilet brushes and parts.do---- 408 744 1,173 1,198 677 266 497 279 361 417 210 142
Other brushes.. ________ ________ do----- 3,988 5,235 3,850 3,794 3,535 3,941 648 289 296 396 311 245
Matches—
Having stained or colored stems
1,640 76 12 7 1 ”o 310 12 2 1 . 0)
In boxes containing 100 or less---------- do----- 6,431 1,591 1,894 1,596 1,366 1,349 2,244 485 312 282 285 290
32 65 18 24 10 9
1,569 482 625 748 544 534
Umbrellas, canes, and parts______ 1,000 doz.. 348 280 806 1,130 884 744 3112 161 330 401 239 211
Articles of casein, galalith, and cellulose com-
2,461 237 348 543 372 396
Combs, except metal or rubber28 .1,000 gross— 352 127 127 73 23 II 3241 382 282 199 83 46
831 551 718 718 486 341
353 159 200 167 104 112
6,749 2,731 3, $55 4,626 2,245 2,407
Household and personal effects, etc., of per-
7,621 4,135 5,299 5,682 5,405 6,925
Articles, imported under bond, for export
5,586 28 3,420
Articles the growth, produce, or manufacture
of the United States, returned—
Automobiles _________________ number._ 286 105 65 60 250 25 358 112 46 86 156 41
4,936 2,302 1,848 1,975 1, 759 3,237
27,629 20,585 17,269 18,442 22. 540 20, 551
2,284 666 650 1,026 249 220
X. Articles in Group 9, ordinarily dutiable, imported
796 28133
FOREIGN COMMERCE
1 Less than 500.
3 June 18 to Dec. 31, 1930.
* Average for years 1929 and 1930,
Source: See general note, p. 483.
7« Average for years 1932-35.
28 Average for years 1931 and 1932.
38 Includes tennis balls prior to 1933.
J®Rubber combs are included prior to 1933,
33 See headnote, p. 575.
\—L
03

614 FOREIGN COMMERCE
No. 577.-—In-T bansit and T ransshipm ent T rade op t h e U n ited S tates:
1932 to 1939
[Values in thousands of dollars (for basis of dollar values, see general note, p. 48S]
CALENDAR TEAR
CONTINENTS AND PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES
Received Shipped Received Shipped Received Shipped Received Shipped
from to from to from to from to
North America
Total Canada Mexico Cuba
m2............................ 74,652 36.404 53,635 14,755 8,360 5,440 3,028 6,085
1033........................... 00,060 35,204 51,638 10,643 20,803 7,102 7,040 6,362
1034........................... 108,203 42,688 71,278 13,173 22,935 10,094 4,637 7,650
1036_____________ 101,472 47,994 74,408 16,005 16,720 8,641 4,429 9,669
1036........................... 111,432 44,134 77,418 14,295 21,818 10,207 6,463 6,625
1037.____________ 121,161 60,888 80,328 20,371 18,611 16,154 4,804 8,008
1038_____________ 01,672 43,633 65,010 13,976 16,045 10,417 3,217 6,204
1039........................... 117,112 58,304 90,972 22,001 16,451 14,453 4,697 6,303
South America
Total Argentina Brazil Chile
1032........................... 8,408 9,016 1,232 087 560 1,052 629 1, 900
1933........................... 10,359 11,969 1,203 1,273 511 1,622 774 2,231
1934........................... 12,227 17,048 2,531 2,548 541 2,019 564 4,471
1035........................... 14,802 19,479 4,258 2,554 712 2, 503 3,387 4,810
1036.— .................... 14,733 20,919 3,387 1,594 809 2,585 2, 558 6,073
1037........................... 23,402 31,370 3,874 3,021 1,046 4,788 0,882 7,671
1938........................... 9,974 22, 259 2,395 1,074 1,045 3, 617 1, 503 4,932
1939........................... 15,997 34,919 4,131 3,185 1,490 5,845 1, 803 6,124
South America—Continued
Europe
Colombia Peru Total United Kingdom
1032— ....................... 1,544 1,819 3,403 1,490 10,734 57,205 9,633 19,229
1933........................... 1,544 2,572 5,222 2,010 25, 261 78,260 11,382 31,040
1034........................... 1,448 2,548 5,113 2,788 27,182 83,730 14, 042 27,265
1035........................... 1,412 3,271 2,085 2,676 27,823 61,702 12,866 15,236
1036........................... 1,375 3,600 4, 013 8,800 30,771 75,165 13,860 20,406
1037........................... 1,322 6,051 4,523 4,128 41,970 68,162 18,329 24,897
1938........................... 1,061 4,103 2,085 3,602 30,198 50,394 11,669 22,032
1039 ..... 1,107 8,874 4,279 3,532 39,898 64,610 13,182 23,515
Europe—Continued
Belgium France Netherlands Germany1
1032.......................... 560 5,076 1,433 7,255 2,117 4,834 2,510 8,083
1933 __________s_________ 2,340 5,791 2,199 8,363 2,211 7,226 2,783 11,367
1934 ______ 944 7,733 1,836 9,611 2,139 8,397 3,890 11,386
1935.......................... 1,053 7,486 2,040 9,289 2,546 6,647 4,678 5,331
1936_____________ 1,511 10,138 2,083 9,365 2,543 5,902 5,974 7,285
1037........................... 2,492 6,491 2,909 6,742 4,237 6,550 6,707 7,362
1938 _______ 1,387 4,376 2,678 4,057 3,050 3,536 4,847 7,157
1939 ............. 2,489 6,883 4,027 4.061 5,221 8,983 3,881 2,096
As la
Oceania
Africa
Total
Japan
1032........................... 6,671 3,423 1,911 1,459 801 1,788 328 2,809
1933_____________ 7,223 4,425 2,493 1.670 2,216 2,880 1,108 3,484
1034........................... 12,710 9,454 4,454 5,334 2,722 6,357 636 4,496
1935........................... 12,717 14,123 4,842 9,837 1,285 10,737 452 4,516
1936_____________ 0,229 13,137 3,681 9,266 1,840 9,444 373 5,679
1937........................... 13,808 19,500 6,882 14,062 1,959 15,110 853 8,124
1938.......................... 8,636 10,638 3,058 5,035 1,391 10.868 661 4,641
1939........................... 10,451 11,679 4,591 5,775 1,950 10,381 1,260 6,776
CUSTOMS REGIONS AND PRINCIPAL DISTRICTS THROUGH WHICH SHIPPED
CAL­
ENDAR
TEAR
Total >
Atlantic coast Northern border Pacific coast
Total3
New
York
T otala
1932 110,595 __________ 82,729 79,980 13,118
1933 136,227 __________ 114,058 111, 553 6,939
1934 163,773 __________ 129,880 124,699 8,761
1935 158,550 __________ 117,198 113,582 H, 760
1936 ___ 168,377 126,401 110,690 13,753
1937 __ 203,243 159,675 160,071 12,257
1938 142,433 __________ 111, 230 109,109 7,431
1939 __ 186,668 148,920 137,970 13,015
1See note 6, p. 512,
Source: See general note, p, 483,
10,306
3,934
4,164
10,744
9,891
4,964
2,576
2,844
Buffalo
Vermont
2,383
1,961
3,692
3,417
3,643
4,836
3,503
6,419
T otal! Alaska
9,262
9,423
11,953
15,243
13,119
15,712
11,357
12,104
3,489
3,307
3,014
2,925
3,222
0,524
5, 295
4,787
San
Francisco
8,749
3,194
3,883
3,165
1,948
1,716
1,400
1,392
3 Includes districts not specified.
Mexican
border
8, 763
3,223
7,897
8,767
12, 274
0,891
8,624
8,176
Gulf
coast
1,723
1,983
6,282
2,582
2,831
5,690
3,800
4,439

23. COMMERCE OE NONCONTIGUOUS TERRITORIES
G e n e ra l N o te.—In the general foreign trade statistics of the United States presented in the preceding
section, the Philippines and prior to 1936, Virgin Islands, are treated as foreign countries and their trade
with the United States is included while their trade with other countries is not Included. On the other
hand, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and Alaska, and beginning Jan. 1,1936, Virgin Islands, are treated as integral
parts of the United States, so that trade between them and continental United States is not included,
while trade between them and foreign countries is included; each of these territories appears as a separate
customs district. Neither trade of American Samoa and Guam with foreign countries nor shipments
between them and United States are included in the general tables on foreign trade. See also table 546,
p. 484.
The tables in this section present the total foreign trade of each of the United States territories and
possessions and show separately the trade with continental United States (unless otherwise indicated)
and with foreign countries, including other United States territories and possessions. For basis of dollar
values, see general note, p. 483.
No. 578.— I m p o r t s a n d E x p o r t s o p A l a s k a : 1882 t o 1039
N o t e .—In 1939 Alaska shipped domestic silver valued at $75,825 to the United States
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OB YEAR
ENDED—
From
United
States1
m e r c h a n d is e im p o r t s
From
other
countries1
Total
To
United
States
m e r c h a n d is e e x p o r t s
To other
countries
Total
Shipments
domestic
gold to
United
States
June 30:
1882-1885....
1886-1890.—
1891-1895—
1890-1900....
1901 .
1902 .
1903 ..............
1901..............
1905 .
1906 .
1907 .
1908 .
1909 .
1910 .
1011.............
1912 .
1913 .
1914 .
1915 .
1916 .
1917 .
1918 .
Dee. 81:
1918 (6 mos.)
1919 .
1920 .
1921 .
1022.............
1923.............
1921.............
1925 .
1926 .
1027.............
1928 .
1929 .
1030........
1931 .
1932 .
1933 .............
1931.............
1935 .
1936 .
1937 .
1938 .............
1939 ..............
Dollars
680,260
1.455.000
2,422,600
9.843.000
13,457,000
9,609,701
10,166,110
11,604,255
14,869,827
18,402,705
16,577,903
17,762,600
18,870,389
20,827,202
22,461,723
21,260,042
27,086, 288
38, 992, 049
44.280.075
11, 678, 122
37,470,232
36,876,855
19,274,216
26,777,806
30,631,300
32,040,273
32,352, 530
81,687,387
35,604, 108
32.058.076
33,220,584
31,303,291
22,489,896
19,573,106
20,686,622
29,908,840
32,007,866
89,000,677
42,860,774
42, 676, 622
44,262,710
Dollars
9,108
23,697
42,539
186,182
657,902
511,830
477,403
607,355
1,450,910
846,201
1,184,101
776,974
647,331
019, 348
706,171
503, 603
982,271
567,399
640,886
1,066,612
1,469, 524
907,532
863, 515
1,449,362
1, 512,118
935,013
870,027
614,466
629,618
846,981
643,683
706,302
559,262
054,273
1,709,030
546,598
302,451
a iv, i vo
263,976
265,148
223,221
175,025
161,383
Dollars
9,987,1G4
10,772,465
12,956,165
16.715,118
19,630,950
17,364,877
18,409, 031
19,289,687
16,911,901
19,980,730
21,809, 533
23,029,122
21,900, 028
28,152,900
40,461,673
45.247.607
12,541,637
38,925, 594
38,388, 973
20,209,228
27,648, 733
81.145.832
32,675,891
33,199, 511
32,131,020
36,370,410
32,618, 238
34,174,857
33, 012, 927
23,036,493
19,875,556
20,816,867
30.260.608
32.261.832
39,326,725
43, 083,995
42, 851, 647
44,414,093
Dollars
10,228, 669
10,105,140
10,801,446
9,272,337
12,165,198
10, 907,777
13,110, 910
12,440,380
14,055,329
21,778,004
24,634, 987
21,817,408
27,442, 335
40,468, 186
60, 773, 859
71, 595,414
62, 992, 202
60,479, 548
00, 939, 061
86,916,924
51, 082,095
63,701,404
64,974,168
66,918,746
73,300,506-
51,348,688
07,587,207
68,567,677
48,996, 902
43,276,304
30,183, 355
33, 181,481
46, 058, 950
36, 868, 697
60,807, 603
62, 363,327
56, 044,728
42, 228, 758
Dollars
24,965
8,748
15,526
136,069
2 ,534,318
2,012,021
1,612,128
1,666,690
1,088,105
1,377,398
1,489,686
1,857,906
061,101
1,168,014
1, 130,746
1,010, 072
1,477,991
1, 124,239
1, 001,389
1, 426,362
2,474,894
2,402,470
/UO,
1, 542,24!
1, 530,031
1,445,04!
1,371,49(
1,325,775
1,361,381
901,54!
521,881
483,67<
622,73!
007, 01!
347,19!
314,00!
235, 52!
166,28!
322,61!
262,13!
452,20!
400, 111
005,30(
537, Oii
Dollars
11,840,697
11,730,830
11.889.011
10,649,736
13.644.884
12,826,682
14.072.011
13,608,394
15,192,074
22,788,186
26,112,978
22,941,647
28,443, 724
50,894,548
63,248,753
74.057.884
03,756,487
62,021,797
02,469, 096
38,361,966
52 454,485
55,087,207
56,826, 548
57,820,289
73,822,887
51,832,367
63,209,945
04,174,694
49,344,153
43, 691,272
30,418,883
33, 297, 742
46,381,402
87,130,832
01,269,807
02,703,444
56,660, 028
42, 70S, 802
Dollars
6,347,742
9,059,023
12,638,608
18,564,228
11,490,777
17,782,493
18,393,128
15,163, 671
17,250,019
14,576,015
12,291,072
15,348, 666
16,195,036
15,409,629
12,416,660
6,671,848
8,105,006
6,543,313
6, 543,430
6,640,978
5,931,896
4,602, 746
5,210, 542
5, 743, 078
6, m , 107
6,362, 204
7, 126, 724
7, 631, 737
8, 928,795
9, 261,486
9,864,479
15,888,877
15,933,058
16,653, 379
17,776,401
21,321, 617
20, ms, BOB
i Unofficial estimates of the value of merchandise shipped from Paoiflo coast ports to Alaska from 1882
to 1901; from 1903 to date, official figures of shipments to Alaska.
! General imports through 1933; imports for consumption thereafter.
Source: Department of Commeroo, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Trade statistics of
the United States and noncontiguous areas are published in M onthly Summary of Foreign Commerce of
the United States, December issue.
615

6 1 6 COMMERCE OF NONOONTIGTJ'OTJS TERRITORIES
No. 579.— I m p o s ts a n d E x p o r t s o f P u e r t o R ic o : 1901 t o 1939
YEARLY AVERAGE OR YEAR
ENDED—
F ro m
U n ite d
S ta te s 1
m e r c h a n d is e im p o r t s
F ro m o th e r
c o u n trie s 2
T o ta l
T o
U n ite d
S ta te s
MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
T o o th e r
c o u n trie s
T o ta l
J u n e 30:
1901-1905..................................
1908-1910..................................
1911-1915..................................
D o lla r s
11,055,607
23, 660,948
33,959, 225
D o l l a r s
2,200.857
3,158,988
3,830,982
1914 ........................... 32, 508,368 3, 838,419
1915 ........................... 30, 929,831 2, 954,465
1916 ........................... 35,892,515 3,058,400
1917 ........................... 49, 539,249 4,005,975
• 1918................ - ..........................
D e c . 31:
1918 (6 m o n th s ) ...................
58,945,758
25, 668,096
4,443,524
I , 796,219
1919 .......................... .......................... 67,709, 541 .......................... 5,261,052
1920 ...........................
m i ............................................
1022.............................................
1023-.....................— ..............
1924 .- ........................
1925 ...........................
1926 ...........................
1927 ...........................
1928 ...........................
1929 ...........................
1930 ...........................
1931 ...........................
1032.............................................
1933.............. ..............................
1034.......................- ...................
1935 ...........................
1936 ...........................
1937 ...........................
1 6 3 8 .-........................................
1936............................................
121, 561,574
60.977.112
57.968.112
76,919, 616
78,412,003
77,499,807
84,737,537
86,326,546
81,940,283
75,979,914
74, 219,219
60,636,751
48,780,141
51,696,988
59,477,288
70,052,462
86, 351, 952
90,043,856
80, 746,030
86,447,423
7, 512,404
7,377,251
6,849,098
7, 547, 504
9,337,444
11,620,875
12,604,064
I I , 264,383
13,325,628
11,728,596
10,318,649
7,874,291
7,256,335
0, 140,587
6,762,041
6,595, 277
0,807,353
9,144,454
7,937,736
6,473,281
D o l l a r s
13, 256,464
26, 819,937
37,790,207
36,406,787
33,884, 296
38,950,915
53, 545, 224
63,389,282
27, 464, 315
73,060, 593
129,073,978
68, 354,363
64,817,210
84, 467,120
87,749,447
89,120,682
97,401,601
97, 590,929
95,205,911
87,708, 510
84, 537,868
68, 511,042
56, 036, 476
57,843, 575
66,239,329
76,647,739
93,159,305
99, 188,310
88, 083, 768
92,920,704
1 Shipm ents from the United States to Puerto Rico.
2 General im ports through 1933; imports for consumption thereafter.
D o l l a r s
10,485,414
25,118, 813
38,982, 507
34.423.180
42,311,920
60,952,758
73,115,224
65, 515, 650
31,333,827
78.320.180
158, 322,083
71,987,716
60, 105,155
80,303,272
77,330,748
92,679,754
90,166,856
96, 902,024
97,268,763
78,126, 574
99,880,061
87,911,706
74,290, 250
76, 211,940
81,184, 396
87,726, 308
103,951,645
102,859,041
84,663,860
88,977, 210
D o l l a r s
3,743,050
4,731,195
7, 254,896
8, 679,582
7, 044, 987
5, 634, 937
7,855, 080
8,753,450
3,733,005
11,075, 625
10, 346, 697
0. 753, 990
5,012, 292
5,768, 723
7,397, 792
7,063,295
7, 579, 594
7, 557, 741
6, 398, 231
5,117, 801
4, 068, 810
3,172,479
2,127,827
2, 440, 143
2, 723, 351
1,015,113
1, 049, 280
2, 846, 200
1, 807, 278
1, 550, 355
No. 580.— I m p o r ts a n d E x p o r t s o f H a w a i i : 1901 t o 1939
Y EA B E T AVERAGE OR YEAR
EN D ED —
Prom
United
States1
June 30:
D o l l a r s
• 1901-1905...........
a 11,459,870
1906-1910...........
15,970,287
1911-1915...........
25, 000,469
1914 ......
25,773,412
1915 .....
25,004,764
1916 .................... .................... 31, 127,577
1917 .....
1918 .....
Dec. 3l:
1918 (6 months)
1910...................
1920 .....
1921 .....
1922 .....
1923_.................
1924 .....
1925 .....
1926 .....
1927-.................
1928...................
1920...................
1930.. .-..
1931 .....
1932 ......
1933 .....
1934 .....
1935 ...................
1936 ..................
1937 ..................
1038...................
1930.. — ............
MERCHANDISE IMPORTS
44,330,475
43,646,515
19,061,246
49,983,869
74,052,453
64, 440,173
53,585,740
66,421,393
69,707,693
72,924,400
76,262,624
79, 630,089
77,762,940
82,950,789
81,726,404
79,092,457
58,578,449
57,894,488
63,472,395
78,924,776
85,743,908
104,302,531
101,227,151
101,817,841
From other
countries2
D o l l a r s
3,165,206
4,149,852
5,932,201
6,282,558
5,716,023
6,068,629
6,482,951
6,807,048
5,476,008
8,980,704
12, 284, 592
9,529,755
7.496.913
8,684,804
8,884,223
10,829,509
10,254,565
0,171,815
10,361,293
9,752,667
9, 399. 645
7,864,409
5,051, 628
5,233,481
5,761,288
5,628,108
6.699.913
9,672,928
8,432, 570
7,433,831
Total
D o l l a r s
3 14,778,085
20, 120, 138
31,532,670
32,055,970
30,720,787
37,196,106
50,813,420
50, 453, 563
24, 537,254
58,964, 573
86,337,045
73,975,928
6l, 082, G53
75,106,197
78,651,916
83,753,918
86,517,189
88,801,904
88, 124,233
92,703,456
91,126,049
86,956,866
63,630,077
63,127,969
09, 233r683
84,652,884
92,443,011
113,975,459
109, 659,721
109,251, 672
To
United
States
D o l l a r s
28,029,059
36,842, 145
48, 352, 547
40, 678,580
62,087, 250
64,438,297
73,174,343
79, 392, 926
42,224, 209
98, 363,015
192,383,185
71, 669,115
73,431, 301
101,085, 642
108,473, 292
102,780, 509
98,260,941
109. 236,321
116,956, 090
106,312,833
98,923,737
101,548, 656
82,688, 205
92, 276,992
94, 513, 699
98,695, 969
125, 537, 355
130,138, 106
90,556, 679
113,2Q6,898
M ERCHANDISE EXPORTS
To other
countries
D o l l a r s
64,698
254,066
631,003
915,245
377,509
226.747
923.747
1, 553,700
4,152,299
4, 250,003
3,437,699
1,350,483
1, 257,268
1, 581,104
1.415.911
1,844,782
1,884,079
2, 207, 714
2, 523,746
2,126,270
1,992,046
1,180,280
760,091
675,809
1, 316,360
1, 338,027
1, 639,450
2,101, 648
1, 520,442
1.888.911
D o l l a r s
14, 228,464
29,850,008
46, 237,403
43,102,762
49, 356, 007
66, 587, 605
80,970,004
74, 269,100
35,066,892
89, 395,805
174, 668,780
78,741,706
05, 117,447
86, 071,995
84, 728, 540
09,733,049
97,740,450
104, 459, 765
103, 600,994
83, 244, 375
103,948,871
01,084,185
76,418,077
78, 601,083
83, 907,747
89, 641,421
105,900,934
105, 505, 241
86, 631,138
00, 627,565
Total
D o l l a r s
28,003,767
37,097,102
48,983,610
41, 603,825
62,464,750
64,665,044
74,098,090
80,946,626
46,376,508
102,613,918
195,820,884
73,019,698
74, 688, 609
102, 666,800
109,889, 203
104, 625,291
100,145,020
111,504,035
119, 479,835
108, 439,103
100,015,783
102, 737,835
83, 448, 296
92, 952,801
95, 830,059
100,033,906
127,176,805
132, 230,814
98,086,121
115,095,809
1 Shipm ents from U. S. to Hawaii. 2 gee note 2 , table 579. 3 Average for 1 9 0 3 to 1905.
TT^
of Comrnerce, Bureau of Foreign and D om estic Commerce,
merce of the U | f D ec’ issue ^noncontiguous areas are published in M onthly Sum m ary of Foreign Com-

COMMEBG® 01’ HONCO-NTIGxrOU'S TERRITORIES 617
No. 5 8 1 . — I m p o r t s a n d E x p o r t s o f t h e P h i l i p p i n e I s l a n d s : 3901 t o 1939
YEARLY AVERAGE OR
YEAR ENDED—
From
U nited
S tates1
MERCHANDISE IMPORTS
From other
countries
Jtiue 30:
1901-1905.........................
1900~1910_.......................
1911-1915_______ ____
D o lla r s
4,245,948
6,007,162
23,288,220
D o lla r s
27,652,100
24,065,539
28,952,323
1916 .................. 22,394,381 22,085,480
1918............................ 23.804,367 22,169,258
1917 .................................. 27,616,656 24,466,722
1918 ............................. 49* 799*220 33*964*061
Dec. 31:
1018 (6 m onths)............
1910..................................
1920..................................
. 1021..................................
1022..................................
31, 949,240
75,491,416
92,289,778
74,130,015
47,738,326
21,071,602
43,147,637
67,148,505
41,708,659
32,459,319
1923 ............. 50,352,536 37,447,212
1924 .................... 60,399,380 47,611,515
1926 _________________________________
69,297,583 50,435,251
Total
1920.................................. 71.575,618 47, 723,374
1927 ................... 71,478,207 44,373,175
1928 .................................. 83,858,068 50,798,830
1929 ................................. 02,592,059 54,567,310
1930 ................... 78,183,028 44,909,926
1931 ................................ 62,139,683 37,039,036
1932...-........................... 61,297,750 28,097,335
1933 _________ 43,540,407 23,821,056 67,361,403
1934 ........................................................................................
54,375,678 29,231,433 83,607, 111
1935 ..................................
1936 ...................
1937 ..................................
1938 ...................
1839..................................
54,366,500
61.497,263
63,302,036
90,357,228
83,427,853
31,157,350
30,628,012
45,723,709
42,260,272
39,339,875
D o lla r s
31,808,048
30,072,701
6 2 ,240,543
44,479,861
46,973,625
51,983,278
83,703,290
63,620,742
118,630,062
140,438,283
115,838,574
80,197,046
87,799,747
108,010,896
119,732,834
119,208,992
115,861,472
134,666,808
147,100,276
123,092,054
90,178,710
70,306,085
85,623,850
101,126,176
109,026,746
132,607,600
122,767,728
T o U nited
States
D o lla r s
10,179, 525
12,587,7 9 0
20,626,400
23,001,276
28,638, 626
43,125,393
77,010,233
60,020,499
66,463,173
105,216,263
60,356,793
64, 111, 601
85,047,023
97,313,903
109,044,942
100,003, 215
116.038,250
115,585,870
124,405,473
105,342, 001
83,422,397
82,047,807
91,313,027
91,843,594
74,035,537
118,762,432
120,742,001
89,445,000
92,131,525
MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
T o other
countries
D o lla r s
18,394,006
21, 273,103
28,560,580
27,913,780
32,826,606
28, 589,082
39,604,378
24,618,860
50,664,060
45,907,593
37,768,530
31,471,697
35,706,967
38,030,760
39,832,203
36,881,105
39,535,835
39,408,670
39,081,370
2 7 ,825,067
20, 549,677
12,690,214
14,458,026
18,560,042
19,310,143
28,022,726
30, 523,260
26,350,317
20,094,008
T otal
D o l l a r s
28,573, 530
33,860,958
49.186.080
50,015,001
61,464,031
71,715,375
116,014,611
76,439,369
113,117,833
161,123,856
88,116,323
95, 683,298
120,752,990
135,344,663
148,877,205
130,884, 320
155,574,085
155,054,646
164,446,843
133,107,128
103, 972,074
95,338, 081
105,771,053
110, 403, 638
94.246.080
147,675,158
151,260,250
115,705,317
121,220,133
1The discrepancy between the United States figures at exports to tb© Philippines prior to 19X1 and the
Philippine figures of imports from the United States In corresponding periods is due chiefly to the/act
that the Philippine import figures prior to that year omit merchandiseimported free o f duty for the use of
the Government or for use in construction and equipment ol railways in the islands, under th e act ol F eh.
6,1906, while the United StateB returns omit only Government supplies carried by Government vessels.
Sources: Records of War Department and insular Collector of Customs.
No. 5 8 2 .— I mports a n d E x p o r t s o f Am erican S amoa: 1916 t o 1939
June 30:
1916.....................
1017 .....
1018 ......
D eo. 31:
1918 (6 m onths)
1919 ......
1920 ......
1921 ......
1922 ......
1923 ......
1924 .......
1026----------------
1926........ ............
1027...................
1928 ......
1929 .....-
1030......... ..........
1931 .-....
1932 ......
1933 .....
TEAR ENDED—
m e r c h a n d is e IMPORTS
From
United
States
Dollars
100,607
93 626
94,384
66,409
96,320
126,186
127,654
96,317
97,396
91,309
92,614
231,052
120.877
106,280
113,287
142,393
103,659
99,084
84,000
1934 ........................................ .................... 123,880
1935 .....
106.877
1986..................
210,163
1937 .....
264,637
1938 .....
221,787
1939 .....
164, 758
From
other
countries
Dollars
17,787
10,088
51,500
46,038
87,630
99,110
94,833
100,586
101,464
103,063
99,898
87,088
wo,. . .
88,684
03,667
79,788
68,636
83,824
77, 720
84,537
122,710
109, 560
133,044
112, 500
Total
Dollars
118,294
110 314
145,80"
112,442
182,959
225,295
222,487
196,903
108,860
194,362
192,412
318,140
203,368
204,750
201,971
200,000
183,447
167,800
108,614
201, 612
281, 414
841,873
374,187
355, 731
277,318
MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
To
United
States
Dollars
02,062
198,496
118,520
136,071
00,421
98,213
117,446
98,216
95,164
102,896
26,712
78,033
40.852
170,068
166,766
140,422
60,287
29,077
20,060
24,927
S3, 264
66,717
116, 076
110, 657
84.852
To
other
countries
Dollars
47, 386
123, 621
Total
Dollars
62,062
198,496
118,520
136,071
90,421
98,213
117,446
98,216
85,164
160, 280
150,333
(')
1 N ot available.
Source: Returns ol the Navy Department to the Department ol Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and
Domestic Commerce.
267706°—41- 4 1

6 1 8 COMMERCE >03? NONCONTIGUOUS TERRITORIES
N o. 5 8 3 .— I m p o r t s a n d E x p o r t s o p t h e V ir g in I s l a n d s : 1911 t o 1939
N o t e .—For 1911 to 1917, figures for trade with United States cover years ended June 30, for total trade
years ended Mar. 31; thereafter, all figures cover calendar years
MERCHANDISE IMPORTS
MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
T E A R (SEE HEADNOTE)
From
United
States1
From
other
oountries
Total
To United
States
To other
countries
Total
D o lla rs D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla rs
1911............................................. 810.637 1 ,724,826 135,117 543,526
1912.............................................. 924,700 1,683,072 489,639 548,924
lfllS............................................ 894,087 1,047,356 48,031 282,152
1914...... ....................................... 800,960 1,712,103 29,374 331,188
1916.................. ........................... 703,354 1,318,769 350,822 378,859
1910............................................ 860,377 1 ,222,509 63,496 260,045
1917............................................. 1,438,904 (*) 1,259,607 (■>
1918............................................ 1,640,103 252,326 1,802,429 1,137,501 111,846 1,249,346
1919.......................................... 1,804,117 472,396 2,276,612 1,603, 120 326,405 1,019,525
1920............................................. 3.993,478 862,619 4.856,007 4,640,388 208,933 4,749,319
1921...........................- ................ 2,622,398 416,354 3,038,760 734,674 149,001 883,735
1922..................... ................ 1,647,353 362,598 2,009,961 734,470 101,029 835,605
1923............................................. 1,617,626 323,142 1,940,767 414,609 99,433 514,042
1924.......................................... 1,668,495 360,223 2,028,718 394,085 67,471 461,656
1026............................................. 1.015,277 c) m 1,020,748 (’) w
1926...-..................................... 1,799,444 (*) (’ 810, 410 W 0
1927..................... -...................... 2,053,340 (>) (>) 908.463 V )
1928......................................... 2,277,030 M P) 1,106,314 M (!)
1929......................— .................. 2.298,260 m ■) 003,323 v)
1930.— ...................................... 3,672,903 m b ) 768,342 M v5
1031....................... -.................... 1,260.406 m m 408,932 V ) v)
1932............................................. 020.980 V I W 406,103 > (I)
1933............................................. 1,075,512 (’) W 516,846 M
1034............................................. 1,544,424 (’> (•) 575,052 w M
1936............................................. 1.600.415 836,012 2,503,027 480,126 64,710 553,842
1936..................... - .................... 2,208,670 1,391,047 3,699,817 726,746 66,905 793,651
1937...... .................................... 2,076,140 1,172,447 4,148,593 1,253,420 66,466 1,319,896
m s ......... ................................... 2,368,648 688,016 3,340, 663 1,220,606 320, 060 1,641,472
1939........................................ 2,487,805 909,000 S, 456,805 1,558,623 106,410 1,664,933
i Shipments from the United States to the Virgin Islands. For change in statistical reporting beginning
1935, see general note at beginning of section,
i Not available.
Sources: Total trade, 1911 to 1915, trom Danish Yearbook, 1916, from“ Tbe Virgin Islands of the United
States of America," by Luther IC. Zabriskl. All other figures from Department of Commerce, Bureau of
Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Trade statistics of United States and noncontiguous areas are published
in Monthly Summary of Foreign Commerce of the United States, December issue.
N o. 5 8 1 . — I m po r t s a n d E x p o r t s o f G u a m : 1916 t o 1939
MERCHANDISE IMPORTS
merchandise exports
YEAR ENDED—*
From
United
States
From
other
oountries
Total
To
United
States
To
other
countries
June 30*.
UoHcrs D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s
1916.............................................................. 177,163 79,785 256,948 33,306 29,007 62,313
1917.............................................................. 114,301 172,351 286,652 46,972 38,303 80,835
1918.............................................................. 221,241 136,906 368,147 68,742 63,016 131,768
Deo. 31:
108,460 71,643 180,003 2,901 36,059 38,960
igi9........................................... ................. 308,465 138,716 447,181 49,222 15,330 64,652
1920............................................................... 234,960 120,092 355,652 28,432 22,060 60,498
1921................... . .............................. 304, 111 179,673 483,684 16,666 24,776 40,342
1922............................................................... 424,411 171,709 590, 120 49,426 13, 505 62,931
1023............................................................... 456,824 217,732 674,550 77,109 10,077 94,080
1924............................................................... 380,606 262, 215 632,721 55,192 10,903 06,090
1925.............................................................. 324,619 201, 216 585,835 89, 219 10,735 99,904
1926............................................................... 275,230 218,126 493,355 80,298 32,730 119,028
1927............................................................... 208,660 196,617 404,277 112,803 41,408 154,271
1928.............................................................. 326,844 334,420 661,264 124,077 117,855 242,682
1929............ - ................................................ 200,080 521.835 812,815 54,688 293,681 348,369
1930 ....................................................... 376,270 293,143 668,419 113,161 84,409 107,660
1931......................................................... 300,728 278, 569 670,287 37,800 44,110 81,010
1932___ 218,957 242,904 466,861 9,129 40, 655 40,084
1933......................................................... 181,266 197, 725 878,991 5,155 57,294 62,440
1934......................................................... 283, 781 255, 426 439, 207 2,072 20,304 SI, 376
1935......................................................... 262,814 375,400 638,290 52,776 71.412 . 124,188
1936............ - ............. ............................. 367,866 411,634 779,500 72,271 64, 663 136,934
1937....................................................... 345,643 612, 301 857, 904 104,879 ■ 03,350 228,229
1038......................................................... 357,838 340,696 098,433 79,065 39,067 118,122
1939......................................................... 402,903 332, 943 735,906 88,408 23, 636 112,104
Source: Returns of the Navy Department to the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and
Domestic Commerce.
Total

COMMERCE OP NONCONTIGUOUS TERRITORIES 6 1 9
N o. 5 8 5 .— S h ip m e n t s o p P r in c ip a l P r o d u c t s t o t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s P r o m
A l a s k a , H a w a i i, P u e r t o R ic o , a n d t h e P h i l i p p i n e I s l a n d s
N ote.—T otals include items not shown separately. For gold shipments from Alaska, see table 678
TERRITORY AND PRODUCT
QUANTITY
1937 1938 1939
VALUE (t h o u s a n d s o r d o l l a r s )
1936 1937 1938 1939
ALASKA
Fish............................................l t000 lbs.
Halibut, fresh and frozen____d o ...
Salmon, fresh and frozen____ d o ...
Canned salmon........................d o ...
Cured or preserved fish_____ d o ...
Shellfish__________________ d o ...
Other fish products:
Meal—.__________________ tons*.
Oil------- __------------------- J,000 gals.
Furs and fur skins___________number.
Beaver..______ ____________do.-.
Blue fox__ ________________ d o ...
Bed fox_____________ ______do—
Seal skins.................................. d o ...
Marten_______________ ____do...
Mink____________________ do___
Muskrat................................... d o .—
Whale oil................ 1,000 gals.
Copper (ore, matte, regulus)._l,000 lbs.
Platinum......................
Total Alaska products_____ ____
Articles produced in U. S. returned.......
Total foreign merchandise...................
Total, all merchandise__________
troy ounces.
351,936
12,685
9,352
316,438
9,832
1,872
17,224
5 ,5 7 1
428,060
1.8C7
11,663
21,400
56,202
15,782
61,184
240,652
926
47,679
2,377
373,866
9,756
9.538
339, 380
12,354
1,654
15,884
4.538
504, 571
30,922
12,280
14,928
58,708
8,929
40,418
307,226
444
36,487
4 8 ,0 1 2
281,875
9,984
8,704
247,047
11,325
1,569
14,623
4,525
642, 645
29,100
10,509
21,305
60,480
2,032
42,300
431,831
317
158
33,657
50,257
1,124
775
46,173
1,649
409
521
993
4,014
452
527
536
551
91
879
281
237
2,489
110
40,427
1,241
934
42,026
1,458
670
730
2 ,1 8 0
2,911
27
360
246
580
426
633
273
274
0,938
119
69,352
1,387 1,842
60,808
82.363
42,020
957
1,007
38,634
1,683
675
517
3, 3 0 9
2,641
348
353
148
585
228
478
207
111
3,792
1,705
53,713
2,328 24
3
56,045
33,978
068
8 0 8 -
20,977
1,488
524
613
1,179
2,575
442
266
166
605
52
423
350
66
18
39,994
2,232
3
42,229
Cattle hides............... .1,000 lbs.
Fish, canned.................. ____d o ...
F r u i t s ........... .....................................................................................
Pineapples (canned).......... 1,000 lbs.
, Vegetables, fresh, canned, eta........do___
Coffee........................................ do_
S u g a r :
Unrefined................................... do.—.
Befined......... .............................do—
Molasses...................................1,000 gals..
Pineapple j u ic e .......................... 1 ,0 0 0 l b s ..
Cotton wearing apparel.................. do__
Fiber insulating board....................do__
Total Hawaiianproducts_______
Articles produced in u. S. returned____
Total foreign merchandise.......................
Total, all merchandise..
PU E R T O RICO
Vegetables, fresh, canned, etc..1,000lbs..
Fruits..........................................................
Grapefruit, fresh....... ..............boxes..
Pineapples, fresh........................do__
Grapefruit, canned, etc___1,000lbs..
Pineapples, canned, etc........... d o ....
Coconuts.____ _________ ..thousands..
Coffoe*........................................1,000 lbs..
1,613
1,968
595,702
3,029
4,076
, 835,559
19,501
31,015
283,850
97
25,770
Sugar, unrefined.............. do___
Sugar, refined............... do___
Molasses..................................1,000 gals..
Fruit juice___ _________ do___
Bum.......................................... 1 ,0 0 0 p r o o f gals..
Leaf tobacco............................... 1,000 lb s..
Stems, scraps, etc______________ do— .
Cigars and cheroots................thousands..
Cotton manufactures................................
Nightgowns and pajamas. 1,000 doz..
Other wearing apparel........................
Handkerchiefs..............................1,000 doz..
Linen handkerchiefs..— .............do__
Silk dresses, blouses, underwear___ doz.
Hats of straw or fiber.......................do__
Leather gloves.................................:__doz. prs_.
Alcohol.....................................1,000 gals -.
Buttons, pearl or shell.......... 1,000gross..
Total Puerto Rican products____
Articles produced in U. S. returned.........
Total foreign merchandise........................
Total, all merchandise...
For footnotes, see next page.
1,323
7,768
373,636
5,541
2,524
1,763,123
21,823
28,141
. 2 2 0 ,0 2 2
175
25,205
1,395
3,848
636,327
1,792
2,470
1,841,379
26,050
28,979
311,677
53
14,066
6,267 3,990 7,251
160,150
503,591
7,275
4,382
12,964
6, 001
1,578,903
241,142
27,962
706
718
18,186
4,494
32,502
101,572
518,032
6,483
3,348
12,453
1,192
1,513,433
195,353
19,304
343
607
18,847
7,710
1,761
28,848
440,943
2,552
3,371
15,712
4,409
, 693,502
243,282
20,034
165
910
10,461
4,135
1.449
1,182 418
2,165
319
82,360
62,410
67
2,010
249
2,528
474
111, 016
32,640
4,069
1,400
464
3,686
2,861
139,840
47,879
34,435
1,586
3,083
115
434
30,116
8 8 ,836
126
428
66,310
1,606
504
1 2 ,6 1 7
1
619
122,510
2,882
146
125,637
209
2,459
478
1,171
034
133
337
061
54,477
9,091
1,192
114
3,524
8,065
020
933
19,121
8,242
9,022
1,181
1,105
674
336
6
493
80
102,851
1,073
28
188
417
42.877
42,705
171
439
62,633
942
782
1 5 ,6 0 0
265
848
126,879
3,200
54
130,138
286
2,265
342
1,175
411
265
348
811
55,387
10,703
1,207
397
3,087
8,352
601
601
14,199
5,428
0,453
1,591
474
1,021
366
1
530
119
101,049
1,120
90
124
1,008
24,905
2 4 ,0 8 1
2 2 6
286
49,733
1,010
055
13,217
341
781
149
728
34,480
34,099
53,073
1,245
652
1 0 ,7 2 4
109
93,431 109,496
3,078 8,675
48 37
96,657 118,207
160
1,832
203
1,000
351
177
276
197
46,571
8,934
640
175
2,772
8,306
838
43
0,378
3,363
3,604
2,013
1,081
1,864
204
62
399
173
83,712
010
42
274
1,288
52
808
125
201
273
503
47,287
11,039
546
56
4,413
4,437
603
39
7,672
1,477
2,578
2,893
3,653
2,839
258
• 497
384
404
88,181
755
41
103,952 102,659 84,664 88,977

6 2 0 ■COMMERCE OF NONCONTIGUOUS TERRITORIES
No. 5 8 5 .— S h ip m e n ts o p P r i n c i p a l P r o d u c t s t o t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s F ro m
A l a s k a , H a w a ii, P u e h t o R ic o , a n d t h e P h i l i p p i n e I s l a n d s — Continued
TERRITORY AND PRODUCT
1037
1938
1939
VALUE (THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS)
1936 1937 1938 1939
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 3
Sugar...... .................................. 1,000 lbs..
Pineapple, prepared or preserved, .do__
Oil culco and meal (coconut)_____ do....
Coconut meat, prepared.................do...
-Copra..............................................do....
Coconut oil_____________ _do__
Tobacco scrap.___ ______ do__
Cigars and cheroots......................... do__
Cotton wearing apparel............... ............
Manila fiber................... tons i.
Cordage of Manila hemp, etc. .1,000 lbs.
Hats of straw, etc.................thousands.
Sawed cabinet woods.................... ...M
Chrome ore (content)............... tons.
Articles produced in U. S. returned..
Total, all merchandise_______
1,930,038
26,559
142,904
96,213
471,201
337,325
5,251
4,182
42,696
6,124
543
35,727 ft.
20,688
1,003,299
21,425
85, BOS
67,405
490, 048
363,919
4,526
3,227
20,806
3,714
371
20,907
38,221
1,902,348
44, 632
107,643
89, 261
416, 611
336,783
13, 705
3,706
46,212
7,687
168
21,056
28,624
59,530
341
090
3, 537
7, 620
12,226
178
■2,438
4,828
5,518
323
313
1,131
82
544
59,198
1,287
1,820
6, 656
16, 652
19,886
552
2,866
4,319
7,620
679
465
1,416
491
364
101,716 126,067
50,588
048
874
3,708
8,848
11,400
482
2,698
6,651
3,083
371
285
826
015
494
49,617
1,072
971
4,401
6,449
8, 384
1,359
3,008
5,870
4,004
075
110
846
635
320
91,906
i Of 2,240 pounds.
3 Partly for transshipment to foreign countries. Approximately 4,450,000 pounds in 1937,34,000 pounds
in 1038, and 1,163,000 pounds in 1939 were brought in for consumption
3 Figures represent "Imports for consumption’*shipped from Philippine Islands to U. S. Customs Area.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; annual report, Foroign Commerce
and Navigation of tho IJ. B. Published in Monthly Summary of Foreign Commerce of the IT. S.,
December issue.
N o. 5 8 6 .— Sh ip m e n t s o p M e r c h a n d is e F r o m t h e U n it e d S t a t e s t o A l a s k a ,
H a w a ii, P u e r t o R ic o , a n d t h e P h il ip p i n e I s l a n d s : 1938 a n d 1939
Note.—-Values in thousands of dollars. Totals include items not shown separately
COMMODITY GROUP OR ITEM
ALASKA HAWAII PUERTO RICO
PHILIPPINE
ISLANDS *
1938 1939 1038 1039 1938 1039 1938 1939
D o l-■ D o l- D o l- D o l- D o l- D o l- D o l- D o l-
la rs la rs la r s la r s la r s la rs la r s la rs
Total merchandise.................................. 42,677 44,263 101,227 101,818 80, 740 86,447 86,297 99, 768
Animals and animal products_____ . ______ 4,807 4,502 11,046 10,926 12,162 11, 985 4, 384 5, 275
Meat produots.............................................. 2,018 2,190 5,076 4,891 3,577 3,400 007 008
Eggs............................................................... 565 544 746 679 01 118 « 24
Milk, condensed, evaporated, dried........... 423 423 060 999 908 920 1,100 1,003
Butter and cheese....................................... 803 657 1,314 1,343 430 542 111 98
Animal fats and oils, edible.......................... 53 50 66 54 2, 780 2,020 5 4
Pish................................................................ 134 140 957 940 360 260 997 1, 228
Leather boots and shoes............................ 165 176 985 1,081 3,002 2,924 250 360
Vegetable food produots and beverages...___ 5,860 5,837 14,850 14, 948 15,512 16, 895 7, 897 7,679
Grains and preparations............................ 038 636 4,293 4,240 0, 307 9,815 3, 335 3,710
Rice............................................................ 45 43 2,689 2, 633 0, 307 7,173 97 40
Wheat flour.............................................. 270 263 771 77G 1,007 1,611 3, 450 8,395
Biscuits and crackors............................... 130 113 182 14C 447 402 92 80
Fodders and feeds........................................ 127 104 1,042 1,680 789 053 22 33
Mixed and prepared foods....................... 65 45 890 93 £ 868 807 3 5
Vegetables and preparations....................... 050 1,010 2, 247 2,33C 3,196 3,239 1, 048 1,108
Beans, dried................................. —......... 24 22 56 37 1, 573 1,367 S 25
Potatoes, white.................—..................... 12C 143 243 264 307 504 211 170
Canned vegetables..................................... 385 407 725 842 378 532 300 405
Eruits and preparations............................... 771 700 1, 508 1,605 459 431 MB, 613
80 89 497 518 « 241 273
Canned, dried, and other fruit proparations......................................................
43C 458 53fi 517 295 240 320 273
Coffee_____________ ______________... 324 302 221 238 1 2 542 401
Sugar—............................ -.............. -........... 290 310 104 72 3 5 12 u
Confectionery and chewing guin— ........... 324 322 90S 980 475 510 304 375
Beverages and fruit juices........................... 2,04C 2,027 2,487 2,731 738 760 411 272
Malt liquors............................................. 57c 597 76C 82£ 323 201 252 128
Whisky................................................... 1,072 1,071 864 1,041 3 11 11 25
Vegetable produots, inedible, except fibers
and wood..................................... ............. 1,572 1,573 e, o4o 5,928 6, 094 5,437 9,028 10, 377
Rubber and manufactures.......................... 430 443 1, 960 1,849 1,144 1,210 2,306 3,357
Automobile tires (casings)..................... 6' 6c 1,231 1, lie 731 750 1,661 2,237
. Cigarettes-................................................. 774 775 2,972 2,900 3,486 3,681 5,350 5,007
1Figures represent exports of U, S. merchandise from U. S. Customs Area to Philippine Islands,
3 Less than $500.

C O M M E R C E OP N O N C O N TIG U O U S T ER R IT O R IE S
No 5 8 6 . Shipments op Merchandise From the United States t o At a s h a
H aw aii, P uerto Rico, and the P hilippine I slands: 1938 and 1939- ’
C o n tin u e d
[Values in thousands of dollars]
6 2 1
COMMODITY GROUPORITEM
ALASKA.
ffAII PUERTO RICO PHILIPPINE
is l a n d s I
1938 1930
1938
1939 1938 1939 1838 1939
Textile manufactures_________ _____
Cotton manufactures......................
Sewing, crochet, and embroidery cotton
Cloth, duck, and tire fabric___.
Wearing apparel..........................
Wool and manufactures...........................
Wearing apparel....................................
Silk manufactures.....................................
Wearing apparel..........................
Rayon and other synthetic textiles
Wood, and paper..........„..............................
Boards, planks, and scantlings............
Wood furniture................ ..................
Paper and manufactures................
Boxes and cartons.................................. I
Nonmetallio minerals____________
Coal................................ . .,.1 ............
Petroleum and products................
Gasoline...................................... „.............
Kerosene......................................
Gas and fuel o il....................................“
Lubricating oil.................... . ...................
Cement, hydraulic.................. ’
Glass and glass products...
Clay and clay products..............................
M e t a l s and manufactures, except machinery
and vehicles3___ __________________
Iron and steel manufactures..........
B ars and rods.........................................
Galvanized sheets....................................
T in plate and taggers' tin.........................
Structural iron and steel......................
Cast-iron pipe and fittings...................
W ire and manufactures.............................
Wire nails...................................................
T in cans, finished or unfinished..............
Stoves, ranges, furnaces, and parts..........
Tools...........................................................
Copper and manufactures....................... I_.
Machinery and vehicles................................
Electrical machinery and apparatus...........
Household refrigerators..........................
Radio apparatus........................................
Industrial machinery....................................
Engines and parts......................................
Mining and quarrying...............................
Fish-cannery equipment...........................
Sugar-mill machinery...............................
A g r i c u l t u r a l machinery and implements...
Tractors and parts.......... ..........................
Automobiles, parts, and accessories.............
Motor trucks and busses..........................
Passenger cars............................................
Chemicals and related products....................
Chemicals, including coal-tar products......
Medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations.
Paints, pigments, and varnishes................
Fertilizers and fertilizer materials.............. .
Ammonium su lp h a te .............................
Explosives, fuses, oto....................................
Soap................. ..............................................
Miscellaneous3_____ ___________________
Motion-picture films....................................
Musical instruments.....................................
Toys, except rubber......................................
Books, pictures, and other printed matter..
Household and personal effects..........
D o l - S o l -
l o t s la r s
2, 554 2,626
932 977
7 7
57 64
495 517
508 567
415 400
102 84
86 70
38 62
2, 359 2,570
488 482
157 175
877 948
465 473
4,318 4,745
219 172
3,506 3,999
1,469 1,672
58 64
1,009 1,870
294 328
113 115
100 108
101 129
9,224 10,578
8,884 10,206
106 141
140 95
77 130
234 109
54 52
000 612
61 04
5, 246 6,504
293 171
150 158
132 107
9 , 285 8,122
1 ,3 6 1 1,282

34. IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
G e n e r a l N o t e .—All figures in this section relate to the United States exclusive of outlying Territories
and possessions. Tables 587 to 592 relate only to works of the Bureau of Reclamation or to lands served
in whole or in part by works controlled by that Bureau. Tables 693 to 599 cover all kinds of irrigation
enterprises
N o. 5 8 7 .— I r r ig a t io n P r o je c t s , F e d e r a l — C o n s o l id a t e d F in a n c ia l S t a t e ­
m e n t , a s o p J u n e 30, 1939
Construction account, primary projects:
Cost of Irrigation works—
Original construction..................
Supplemental construction........
Value o£ works taken over..........
DEBIT SIDE
Total construction cost........... ..................................
Operation and maintenance prior to publicnotico (not)—
Operation and maintenance deficits and arrearages...........
Penalties on water-right charges..........................................
Loss-
Abandoned works and nonreimbursable cost, oto.
(net)....... ................... .1.............-...............................
Construction revenues............ .....................................-
Contributed funds........................................................
Nonreimbursable appropriation (Rio Grande Dam).
$381,467,882
12,718,343
2,200,801
3,147,094
6,865,823
3,247,972
17,133,001
7,792,642
1,946,359
1,000,009
$306,387,116
12,250.890
408,038,007
27,872,901
Balanco payable. $380,765,105
Palo Verdo flood protection: Cost of construction and repairs.
Secondary projects and general investigations: Cost of surveys
and investigations less contributed funds.....................
General offices’ expense undistributed.......................................
Plant and equipment.......................— .....................................
Materials and supplies.......................... ....................................
Accounts receivable__________ -...............................
Undistributed clearing cost accounts........................................
Unadjusted debits, disbursement vouchers in transit...........—
Cash on hand and in special deposit and in transit..................
Total debits............................................................-..........
CREDIT SIDE
Security tor repayment of cost of irrigation works: Contracted
construction repayments.......................................................
Current accounts payablo........... .......................— ...............
Deferred and contingent obligations.........................................
Reserves and undistributed profits..........................................
Operation and maintenance results, surplus............................
Unadjusted credits, collection vouchors in transit—...............
Government aid for reclamation ot arid lands:
Reclamation fund......................................... ......... ...........
National Industrial Recovery and P. W. A. allotments..
Emorgoney Relief allotments....................... -....................
Punds transferred from other departments.......................
General fund:
Central Valley project..... ............................................
Grand Coulee Dam..................................-..................
Water Conservation and Utility projects...................
Other appropriations—................................................
Total.................................................................
Less nonreimbursable appropriation, Rio Grande Dam.
Less impairment of funds:
Abandoned works.......................................................
Nonreimbursable construction cost............................
Operation and maintenance cost, unoolleotiblo.........
Charge-offs, act of May 25,1026.................................
Washington office cost sinco Deo. 5,1924,.................
Otboritoms................................................................
Less impounded funds, economy aots, reclamation fund.
$2,829,885
881,648
453,272
14,600,308
2,504,732
56,004
261,552
$202,728,226
73,421,000
48,372,012
4,002,738
38.400.000
89.760.000
6,000,000
7,598,666
449,362,041
1,000,000
448,802,641
21,686,402
48,806
4,261,118
2,085,953
2,501,766
5,331,056
240,017,045
932, 712
34,957
101,146,400
747,028,718
$290,726,070
7,590,306
1,092,209
11,128,048
816,705
>■4,867
428,877,180
Total credits. 747,028,718
>Contra.
622
Source: Dept, of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation; Annual Report of the Secretary.

GOVERNMENT IRRIGATION 6 2 3
N o. 5 8 8 .— I r r ig a t io n P r o je c t s , F e d e r a l — C o s t s a n d A m o u n t s t o b e
R e p a id b y W a t e r U s e r s , b y P r o j e c t s , t o J u n e 30, 1939
STATE AND PROJECT
Construction
eost
Operation
and maintenance
cost before
public
notice
(net)
Operation
and maintenance
deficits
and arrearages
and
penalties
DEDUCTION
Construction
revenues,
contributed
funds, etc.
Abandoned
works,
nonreimbursable
cost, etc.
Total to
be repaid
by water
users
Total-.
Arizona: Gila...................................
Salt River.........................
Yuma Auxiliary........ —
Arizona-California: Yuma..............
California: Central Valley..............
Orland.........................
Colorado:
Colorado-Big Thompson.........
Fruit Growers Reservoir.........
Grand Valley...........................
Pine River................................
Uncompahgre...........................
Idaho:
Boise—.................................. —
Boise-Payette...........................
King H ill..................................
Minidoka.................... —..........
Upper Snake River...............—
Kansas: Garden City...................
Montana:
Bitter Root...............................
Buffalo Rapids.........................
Chain Lakes............... -...........
Frenchtown....................... .
Huntley................................... .
M ilk River...............................
Sun River................................
Montana-North Dakota: Lower
Yellowstone........................... ...
Nebraska-Wyoming.’North Platte.
Nevada:
Humboldt............................
Newlands........................
Truckeo River Storage___s
New Mexico: Carlsbad.............
Hondo.......... —
Tucumcari..........
Now Mexico-Texas; Caballo Dam.
Rio Grande..
Rio Grande
Power.......
North Dakota: Buforcl-Trenton...
Wiiliston..........
Oregon:
Baker...................................
Burnt River........................
Deschutes............................
Stanfield..............................
Umatilla.................. -..........
Vale......................................
Oregon-CalifOrnia: Klamath—.
Oregon-Idaho: Owyhee........... .
South Dakota: Belle Fourche.,
Utah: Hyrum ...........................
Moon Lake.................... .
Ogden River........ . ........
Provo River.......— __
Salt Lake Basin.............
Sanpete...........................
Strawberry Valle?.........
Washington:
Grand Coulee.---------------
Okanogan...........................
Yakima...............................
Yakima-Roza__________
Wyoming:
Kendrick______________
Riverton______________
Shoshone............................
Shoshone-Heart Mountain—
D o lla r s
896,387,116
4,192,411
19,961,194
902,061
9,373,406
17,624,335
2,448,670
2,402,395
162,298
5,020,613
1,263,595
8,582,683
lfi, 799,780
2,870,036
1,906,919
19,230,345
2,524,799
342.964
947,641
1,107,369
1,229,805
264,ICO
1.550.500
6,024,891
8,907,494
3,685,433
19,383,101
1,192,351
7,047,283
1,037,142
3,604, 159
339,492
06,718
2,090,000
16,411,682
316, 596
223,423
517,630
281,592
603,288
218,179
97,830
5,138,950
4,769,804
6,643,272
17,620,176
4,528,975
922,942
1.528.501
4.003.501
2,030,934
2,725,886
305.964
3,507,423
81,700,288
1,462,120
16,211,010
D o lla r s
3,147,094
D o lla r s
9,103,796
115,994 1,023,020
590
388,935 207,064
D o lla r s
10,543,618
2,312,097
1,085
246,264
ilM S S 59,345 28,415
422,283
903,600
478
867,000
D o lla rs D o lla r s
17,133,901 3
382,007
138,621 4,529 269,693 812,375
620
311,103 196, 604 25,004 1,260,792
318,022
110,123
622,669
28,187
2,022,574
1,224
61,357
82,304
1,987,854
2,288
52,868 334,475
5,476
11 ,0 0 0
430,097
132,061
i 6 ,0 1 7
743,294
516,638
391,007
101,002
103,100
922,803
1, 510,480
40,666
24,803
74,401
47,371
108,255
676,728
6 2 ,0 5 0
1,735,969
89,651
382,254
1 1, IBS 44, 970 52,348 4,437,820
20,003
11 7 ,7 S i 93,390 29.108 374, 884
32,982
656 371,788
12,414
IS, 771 364, 532 1,205,291 361,901
i SB
i m
1,968
105,657
5,003
1,291
221,424
411,808
236 537 95,573 888,341
30,711 3,027 11,283
92,700 85,433 287,792 7, 500
01, 634 10, 511
l 1 ,9 8 9 676, 578 27,840 379,032
9,071
8,093
2,362
12,877
30,898
5, 807 40,186
1,284
10, 744 89, G35 258,379
i 17, 767
1 6 4 ,8 8 7
26, 883
150, 219
188,603
7,496
538,619
007,802
4,215
4,919 9,014
125,017 23,900
36,747 467,236 705,447 1,545,129
4,192,411
18,406,013
901,606
9,723,140
17,624,336
2,468,167
2,401, m
152,298
4,081,696
1,263,075
7,804,434
17,176,770
2.868,648
18,146,173
2,523,676
1,464,279
1,107,369
1.189.805
269,635
1.862.805
5,652,580
9,006,230
4,110,901
20,966,153
1,192,851
3,499,936
1,017,139
3,335,811
96, 718
2,086, 586
14,224, 793
316,596
276,589
601,997
218,179
97, 830
4,385,573
4,801,259
6,620,114
17,671,299
4,796,693
912, 971
1,520,408
3, 992,986
2,000,036
2,685,597
364,680
3 ,3 4 9 ,4 2 4
81, 511,685
425,887
25,797,804
5,858,257
15,206,915
5,891,758
8,349,873
2,583,871
i Contra.
Source: Dept, of the Interior, Buroan of Reclamation; Annual Report of the Secretary.

6 2 4 IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
N o. 5 8 9 .— I r r i g a t i o n P r o j e c t s , F e d e r a l - C h a r g e s a n d R e n t a l , b y
P r o j e c t s , t o J u n e 30, 1039
STATE AND PROJECT
CONSTRUCTION w a t e r -r ig h t
CHARGES
Due
OPERATION AND MAINTE-
NANCE CHARGES
(AFTER PUBLIC NOTICE)
RENTAL OF IRRIGATION
WATER
Ool- Uncol-
Due
Col- Uncol- Due
Col- Uncollected
t lectori looted 1 lected looted > lected
Arizona:
D a lia n D o lla rs D o lla rs D o lla rs D o lla r s D o lla rs D o lla r s D o lla r s D o lla r s
Total................. 64,186,271 62,676,406 1,680,866 33,989,718 33,781,066 208,658 10,757,677 10,007,132 160,446
Yuma Auxiliary...
Arizona-California:
7,300,310
576,019 7,390,319
675,020
4,407,625
854,423 4,441,508
827,251
2,240,726
990 533,452 529,867 3,586 16,928 2,240,726
16,171 757
56,116
27,172 4,333,271
743,335 4,328,067
727.644
5,204
15,691
584,496
121,683
684,449
121,683
Colorado:
308,766 302,115 6,652 556,995 556,905 555,536 555,536
695,611 548,162 147,440 1,008'. 084 1,008,684 1,235,781 1,222,712 13,060
Idaho;
4,646,703 4,639,480 7,223 2,225,127 2,225,127 830,189 830,189
1,489 1,306 183
King Hill............... 60,711 60,711
8,013,852 8,677,851 236,001 2,320,886 2,302,226 18,660 913,619 911,894 1,725
Montana:
108,367 64,112 54,255
600,783 605,078 805 554,787 554,787 14,119 14,119
171,064 68,605 113,359 523,127 495,188 27,939 239,073 230,334 8,739
846,652 337,598 7,955 168,710 168,719 132', 670 132,126 544
Montana-N. Dakota:
Lower Yellowstone. 465,233 420,067 36,266 338,563 338,563 138,209 137,151 1,068
Nebraska-Wvoming:
New Mexico;
Now Mexico-Texas:
North Dakota:
Oregon:
Yale.......................
Orogon-Oalifomia:
Oregon-Idaho:
South" Dakota:
Utah:
Strawberry Valley.
Washington:
Wyoming:
4,841,648
1,372,135 4,783,468
1,366,946
58,179
5,190 2,003,109
1,174,582 1.992,255
1,174,582
10,854 354,168
28,291
918,084 900,723 8,361 1,085,825 1,085,825 41,293
9,130
354,168
28,291
41,293
9,130
8,773,020 8,778,029 5,296,381 5,206,381 1,693,751 1,672,975 20,776
2,317
34,043
14,424 14,424
640', 871 417,604 232,176 398.776
84,415
2,317
34,043
308,132
84,415
644 104,704
21,572
32 32
2,117 2,117
47
78,427
21,417 26,277
165
1,355,212 1,314,822 40,380 1,502,381 1,498,247 4,134 502,878 567,071 6,807
46,561 46,561 230,214 100,714 33,500
755,837 672,500 83,247 1,385, 787 1,385,787 12,145 11,875 270
23,250
304,663 304,663
1,664,657 1,554,557
23,250
376,881 376,881 17,696 17,600
158,32? 138,328 20,000 371,442 371,442 110,645 110,046
7,744; 002 7,328,338 410,265 6,205, 513 0,174,802 120,621 225,703 188,560 37,144
174,962 174,582 381
1,100,414 1,099,869 556 504,040 562,728 1,321 137,856 137,844 12
* Cash and other credits. Figures represent total collections of amounts due. Additional collections
representing payments in advanoe of due dates, penalties, interest, and refunds totaled $002,833 for construction
water-right charges and $780,029 for operation and maintenance charges, making the grand total
collections under these accounts $53,208,230 and $34,661,904, respectively. Contributed funds applying
to construction cost, which are not included in the above table, amounted to $1,946,359.
Source; Dept, of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation; Annual Report of the Secretary.

GOVERNMENT IRRIGATIOH 625
N o. 5 9 0 . — I r r ig a t i o n P r o j e c t s , F e d e r a l — A c r e a g e I r r i g a b l e a n d C h o p p e d ,
a n d V a l u e o p C r o p s , b t P r o j e c t s , 1939
STATE AND PROJECT
LANDS IN PROJECTS CON­
STRUCTED BY BUREAU
Irrigable
in culti­
Acreage
acreage1 vation
Crop
value
LANDS IN PROJECTS FUR­
NISHED SUPPLEMENTAL
WATER PROM WORKS
BUILT BY U. S.
Crop
value
LANDS IN PROJECTS FUR­
NISHED WATER UNDER
WARREN ACT
Irrigable
In culti­
Acreage
acreage1 vation
Irrigable
in culti­
Acreage
acreage1 vation
Crop
value
Arizona: Salt River.. --
Ariz,»Calif.: Yuma__
California: Orland___
Colorado:
Idaho:
Montana:
M o n t a n a-N o r t h
D a k o ta : L ow er
Nebraska-Wyoming:
Nevada:
Now Mexico: Carlsbad
New Moxico-Texas:
Oregon:
Orog.-Calif.: Klamath.
Oregon-Idaho: Owyhoe.
3. Dak.: Bollo Fourche.
Utah:
Strawberry Valley
Washington:
8,310,419 1,764,200 08,587,701 D o lla r s
180,321 149,003 5,181,953 D o lla r s
D o lla rs
1,390,800 1,174,803 40,313,140
243,125
08,013
20,520
30,413
91,633
178,770
202,843
21,888
4,878
29,652
123,848
99, 431
67,200
230,447
00,788
26,065
169,019
18,631
80,000
00,035
100,089
72,746
41,205
227,160 16,936,708
53, 023 2,468, 230
16, 507 640,070
19,406 006,557
69,871 1,249,061
152,602 3,067,105
172,280 4,902,880
10,010
1,098
10,533
42,040
GO, 068
281,878
40,777
010,183
1,181,583
688,048
43,032 1,472,212
172,604 6,508,089
40,900 803,003
19, 531 1,081,914
138,078 9,541, 805
12, 057 216, 043
23,678 740,701
54,188 3,022, 655
73,345 1,850, 611
34,222 821, 222
38, 577
871, 611
31,138 11,874 411,634
17, Q16
6,065
89,484
8,329
18,649
12, 760
5,360 3,369 861, 074
205,156 160,622 7,750,440
■Wyoming:
38,000 29,181 042,424
Shoshone............... 73,272 57,730 1,421, 031
i Lands for which ths Bureau Is prepared to supply water.
17,016
4,430
200,065
90,083
86, 984 3,670, 201
5,948 200,687
11,940 487,055
10,811 115,038
90,943 58,044 2,759,600
18,427
3,769
120,955
733,909
16,200 1,337,000
3,189 07,034
113,100 2,335,020
643,815 20,180,987
124,082 106,398 3,497,183
17,119 12,081 700,876
1,004 869 20,600
60,279
13,960
46,165
11,690 1,290,778
420,840
0,209 5,929 150,170
188,677
347
167, .370 7, 534, 111
N o. 5 9 1 . — B o u l d e r C a n y o n P r o j e c t — F i n a n c i a l S t a t e m e n t a s o e
J u n e 30, 1939
[All figures in thousands of dollars]
Fixed oapital under construction.........
Investigations, Colorado Rlvor Basin
and Parkor-Gila project-........ . —
Interest during construction—other
Earnings and expenses during oon-
Amount
140,325
135,910
110,128
1,430
808
18,615
Capital anil long-term liability____ ....
Advanced fro m TJ. S. Treasury gen-
847
6,036
Amount
140,326
130,893
117,810
3, 500
Appronriated but not advanced-------
L e s s : i m p o u n d e d . L e g isla tiv e E c o n o m y
A c t .........— ...................................... i 138
03
Interest on advancos to Colorado River
Dam fund.......................................... 18, 690
'Judgments—Court of Claims............... 38
140
i m
4 ,0 4 1
4Q0
23 11
Doforrod and unadjusted debits_______ 1 ISO Roservo for amortization of long-term
debt and payment to States. _............ 281
1Contra,
Source of tables 690 and 591: Dept, of tho Intorior, Bur. of Reclamation; Annual Report of the Secretary.

6 2 6 IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
N o . 5 9 2 .— I r r ig a t io n P r o je c t s , F e d e r a l — A c r e a g e I r r i g a b l e , I r r i g a t e d ,
a n d N e t A r e a i n C u l t iv a t io n , a n d V a l u e o r C r o p s , 1 9 2 4 t o 1 9 3 9 ; N e t
A r e a , P r o d u c t io n a n d V a l u e o p C r o p s , 1038 a n d 1939
N o t e .— A c re a g e i n th o u s a n d s a n d r a lu e i n th o u s a n d s o f d o lla r s , e x c e p t fo r in d iv id u a l c ro p s . N o t a r e a In
c u ltiv a tio n a n d v a lu e e x c lu d e d a ta fo r la n d s o n G o v e r n m e n t p r o je c ts c ro p p e d w i t h o u t i r r i g a t i o n
I S E C U L A R A N D SUPPLEMENTAL
WATEH PROJECTS
WAItRBN ACT LAND
JBNT1RE AREA
VISAS
Irrigable
acreage
Irrfgate< a Net are*
acreage
3 in cultivation
1 Crop
N a t u r e s
Irrigatec
value acreage
in cultivation
Crop Irrigated
Net area
value acreage
in cultivation
Crop
value
1924........ 1,808 1,291 1,217 60,480 031 889 43,237 2,222 2,106 109, 726
1926____ 1,803 1,320 1,243 77, 609 1,019 951 53,656 2,339 2,194 131, 265
1026........ 1,845 1,411 1,320 60,370 1,097 950 49,750 2,608 2,278 110,120
1027........ 1,057 1, 379 1,327 70,986 1,148 1,072 61,160 2,527 2,399 13% 145
1028........ 1. 8 8 3 1,442 1,386 80, 230 1 ,2 3 5 1 ,1 9 2 62, 496 2,877 2,578 142, 734
1929........ 1,922 1 ,4 8 4 1,420 87, 560 1,234 1,193 72, 720 2,718 2, 613 100, 280
1930......... 1, 903 1 ,1 0 6 1 ,4 6 7 64, 419 1,280 1,254 54, m 2,791 2,722 119, 073
1031.......... 2, 027 1 1, 523 1, 463 40,121 1,264 1, 252 33,406 2,817 2, 714 73, 527
1932.......... 2, 039 I 1,655 1,506 31,166 1,214 1,196 18, 627 2,770 2,703 49, 793
1033.......... 2,020 1 ,300 1,530 48,130 1,230 1.109 35,426 2,829 2,729 83, 564
1934.......... 1,986 1 1,552 1,464 59,628 1,285 1,230 40,101 2,837 2,094 09, 789
1035......... 2,114 1,641 1,604 63,602 1,295 1,257 43,180 2,936 2,801 100,781
1936......... 2,166 I 1,702 1,620 78,903 1,336 1,273 57, 000 3,038 2,902 136, 502
1037.......... 2,195 1 1,725 •1,701 172,894 1,389 1,334 45,765 3,116 3,035 118, 658
3038......... 2,276 I 1,778 ‘ 1,764 >67,860 1,329 1,276 46,604 3,107 3,041 113,403
1939......... 2,403 | 1,023 ‘ 1,003 > 73,770 1,218 1,176 40,313 3,141 3,078 114,083
Total, all crops..
Cereals______
Barley..........
Corn..............
Oats..........
five.................
Iviioat..........
Other..........
Seeds_________
Alfalfa seed...
Clover seed....
Other.............
Hay and forage. _
Alfalfa hay___
New allal/a.....
Other hay____
Corn/odder. __
Other forage. . .
Beet tops..........
Pasture_______
Vegetables and truck..
Beans...................
Onions................
Potatoes, white..
Swcctpotatoes___
Truck

IRBIGATION 6 2 7
No. 5 9 3 . — I r r ig a t io n E n t e r p r i s e s — S u m m a r y f o r t h e 19 I r r ig a t io n St a t e s :
1910, 1920, a n d 1930
Note.—T ables 593 to 590 relate to irrigation enterprises of all types, including those operated by Individual
farmers. They are based on reports of the management of tile enterprises. An enterprise is defined as
) irrigati
CENSUS OF *-
Percent
increase
1909-10 1919-20 1929-39 1930 3
All farms...............................
- ........... .number..
All land in (arms..................................................1,000 acres..
Approximate land area............. .....................................do—
Farms irrigated......................................................... number.
Area irrigated.....................
—1,000 ncres..
Area of irrigated crops harvested--------------- ---------- do—
Area enterprises were capable of supplying with
water...............................
—1,000 acres..
Area In enterprises

6 2 8 IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
N o. 5 9 5 .— I r r i g a t i o n E n t e r p r i s e s , b y A r e a , 1910, 1920, a n d 1930, a n d b y
I n v e s t m e n t a n d C o s ts , 1920 a n d 1930, b y S t a t e s
S T A T E
AREA IN ENTERPRISES (ACRES) 1
AREA ENTERPRISES
WERE . CAPABLE
OP SU PPLY IN G
WITH WATER
(ACRES)
AREA IRRIGATED (ACRES)
m o 1620 1230 m o 1030 1009 1910 1920
Total...... ........... 82,246,484 36,890,821 30,699,470 26,020,477 26,101,890 14,433, 285 19,191, 716 19,647, 544
Arizona.. .................. 044,090 813,153 1,085,627 027,303 824,152 320, 051 407, 505 575,590
Arkansas................... 52,883 240,480 226,992 179,013 209,942 27, 753 143, 94(1 161, 787
California.................. C, 490,30C 7, 805,207 8,076,895 5,804,406 6.816.260 2,604, 104 4,210, 04(1 4,740, 032
Colorado.................... 6,917,467 5, 220.588 4,528,251 3,865, 348 4,078,712 2,792, 032 3,848, 385 3,393, 019
Idaho......................... 3 ,549,573 3, 780,048 2,814,048 3,092,810 2,617,021 1,430, 848 2, 488, 806 2,18.1, 260
K ansas..................... 101,300 102,562 95,719 07,863 83, 583 37, 479 47, 312 71,290
Louisiana.................. 681,905 861,211 850,401 728,742 795,105 380, 200 454, 8H2 460,001
M ontana................... 3.615,002 4,329,146 2,622,423 2,763,408 2,270,000 1,679, 084 1, 681, 729 1 ,5 9 4 ,9 1 2
Nebraska..................... 080,133 706.766 703,039 662.408 703,041 266, 95(1 442, 696 632,617
Nevada____ _______ 1,232,142 1,382,036 983,717 704,708 736,249 701, 833 561, 447 480,048
Now Mexico.............. 1,102,297 901,879 741,246 690,110 056,669 461, 718 538, 377 627,033
North Dakota_____ 38,173 5 7 ,47f 24,8GC 34,235 24,006 10, 241- 12, 072 9 ,3 0 2
Oklahoma...... ............ 8,621 11,742 7,344 9,072 7,331 4, 383 2, 009 1,673
Oregon.......................... 2,627,203 1.925,087 1,478,128 1,3 4 4 .04G 1.168,210 686, 12(1 986, 162 898,713
South Dakota............ 201,625 188,382 122,610 ISO, 014 109,660 63, 248 100, 682 67,107
Texas............ ............. 1,263,173 1,687,447 i, see, 876 1,150, 542 1,177,415 451, 130 686, 120 798,917
Utah........................... 1,947,025 2,360,244 1,739, SOS 1,7 0 0 ,55C 1,542,476 999, 41f 1,371, 651 1, 324,125
Washington................... 817,032 836. 795 016,379 637,151 631,511 334 87t 629 R9S 49B, 283
Wyoming.................. 2,224,298 2, 5(14, 068 1,968,147 1,831,039 1,055,008 1,133, 302 1,207, 982 1 ,230,165
STATE
Amount (thousands
of dollars)
Average per
acre (dollars)
Amount (thousands
of dollars)
Average per
aore (dollars)
I N V E S T M E N T E S T I M A T E D FINAL COST Average cost
of m aintenance
and
operation per
acre (dollars))
1020 1030 1020 1030 1020 1930 1020 1930 1020 1930
Total_______ 897,657 1,032,756 26.81 86.67 819,778 1 ,1 6 6 ,10B 22.84 37.75 2.43 2 .7 7
Arizona.................. 33,408 73,328 63.40 88.97 34,615 91,914 42.57 84. GO 3 .27 4 .5 7
Arkansas......... ...... 7,183 6,837 40.13 32.56 7,284 0,844 29.55 30.28 13.67 7 .0 3
California............... 104,886 460,968 33.00 00.17 225,709 465,031 28,93 57.69 4.4C 0.10
Colorado................. 88,302 87,003 22.90 21.48 95,198 91,840 18.24 20.28 .8 7 .8 5
Idaho.................... 91,601 84,600 29,59 32.29 97,020 101,350 25.67 36.02 1.17 1 .4 4
Kansas................... 2,007 1,086 30.47 20.17 2,196 1,724 21,41 18.01 3.29 1. 63
Louisiana........ ...... 14,003 16,746 19.30 19.80 14,204 15, 771 1 0 .7C 18.56 7.01 4 .0 9
Montana________ 82,143 50,319 18.94 22.11 70,070 58,490 - 16, IE 22.30 1.26 .8 7
Nebraska............... 13,90E 2 1 ,38C 24.73 30.39 18,030 21,460 23.51 23.13 1.48 1. 64
Nevada..—,........... 14,754 16,468 20.94 21.00 22,640 18,490 10.39 18.80 .7 9 .9 1
New Mexico.......... 18,210 10,834 20.10 30.20 20,441 21,942 21.25 29.60 2.41 2 .1 5
North Dakota____ 1,867 1,207 54.25 62.72 2,073 1,344 3G. 06 64.00 5.50 1. 07
Oklahoma.............. 151 16C 16.65 21.84 103 168 13.86 22.86 2.92 7 .0 2
Oregon.................... 28,920 38,765 21.52 33.46 41, 680 60,040 21.50 40.62 1.19 1. 41
South Dakota......... 6,465 4,502 30.21 41.10 5,603 5,174 29. 20 42.24 1.26 1. 33
Texas___ . . .____ 35,073 49,022 30.48 41.64 39,801 50,566 23.62 38.01 0.92 4 .74
Utah....................... 32,037 85, 67C 18.84 23.13 33,836 37,857 14, 34 21.70 1.03 1.00
Washington..____ 29,290 40,662 45.68 64.23 37, 685 53,232 45,03 58.16 3.45 4 .1 4
Wyoming............... 34,320 36,163 18.75 21.24 61,600 41,070 20.08 21.43 1.04 .8 4
1Total area, 1910 and 1920, irrigable area, 1930.
1Whon wator is pumped, cost of operation includes cost of fuel and attendance.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tbe Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Irrigation of Agricultural
Lands,

IRRIGATION 629
N o . 5 0 6 .— I r r ig a t io n E n t e r p r i s e s , b y A c r e a g e a n d I n v e s t m e n t , b y D r a in ­
a g e B a s i n s : 1920 a n d 1930
N ote.—See hcadnoto, table 593
DRAIN AGE BASIN
A R EA IR R IG A T ED
(ACRES)
1919 1328
Area enterprises
were capable
of supplying
with wa-
Irrigable
area in enterprises,
1930(acres)
INVESTMENT
(THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
ter, 1030
(acres) 1920 1939
Total...................................................... 18,161,718 19,647,544 28,101,890 30,699,470 687,857 1,032,768
Bed River (0 / the North) tributaries_____
2/099 2,099 2,409
21
Missouri River and tributaries......... - ........ 4,147,278 4,185,180 5,472,012 6,231,873 131,553 136,607
Mississippi River and tributaries, exclusive
of Missouri River.............................- 058,493 902,860 1,170,583 1,280,730 35,184 31,832
Qulf streams other than Mississippi ltiver
and Rio Grando.................-........... .......... 698,077 G02/968 1,221,997 1,536,404 20,440 28,578
Rio Grande and tributaries i............ .......... 1,204,602 1,468,913 1,807,196 2,008,430 33,880 52,979
Independent streams in Rio Grande
Drainage Basin.......................................... 108,353 06,812 107,586 109,225 039 769
Colorado River and tributaries................... 2,312,047 2, 637,124 3,335,914 4,435,520 80,697 132,360
Whitewater Draw and tributaries----------- 5,871 3,301 4,753 6,570 299 231
Great Basin Drainage.................................. 2,313,163 2.069,986 2,579,612 3.050,019 66,589 72,068
Columbia River and tributaries....... .......... 3,873,246 3,303,640 4,241,244 4,992,131 145,672 167,365
Pacific Ocean streams other than Colorado
and Columbia Rivers...........-_________ 3,570,087 4,225,071 0,158,895 0,878,141 167,398 420,066
i Not including “ Independent streams in Rio Grande Drainage Basin.”
No. 597.— A l l C r o p s a n d I r r ig a t e d C r o p s i n I r r ig a t io n S t a t e s , b t A c r e a g e
a n d V a l u e : 1929
N ote.—The data in this table are from schedules of Individual farmers and not from the managements of
irrigation enterprises. Acreage does not include pasture land
ACREAGE
VALUE
Ail crops Irrigated crops All crops Irrigated crops
STATE
Total acres
Per
cento!
United
States
total
Total
acres
Per
cento/
irrigation
States
total
Total
(thousands
of
dollars)
Per
cent of
United
States
total
Average
value
per
acre
(dollars)
Total
(thousands
of
dollars)
Per
centof
irrigation
States
total
Average
value
per
acre
(dollars)
361,944, 557
100. 0 (>)
8, o r r, 812
100.0 22.32 (‘>
Irrigation States____ 178,614,903 49.3 14,633,262 100.0 3,400,3 7 8 42,1 19.04 889,943 100.0 61.60
Arizona......... ........ 600,342 .1 448,800 M 32,307 .4 64.69 31,021 3 .4 09.12
Arkansas_______ 6.550. 238 1.8 146,91C 1 .0 210,182 2 .6 32.0(3 6,683 .7 45.49
Oolifornfa_______ 0,823, 727 1 .8 3, 5 40,35C 2 4 .2 537, 476 6 .7 81.14 446,250 49. C 126.05
Colorado....... ........ 6,761,176 1.9 2 ,291,927 1 6.7 124,762 1.5 18.45 82,357 9 .2 36.93
Idaho__________ 3,182,767 .9 1,634.321 1 1 .2 104,045 1*1 32.69 73,893 8 .2 45.21
Kansas_________ 24,313,774 6 ,7 56,039 A 2DD, 152 3 ,7 1 2 .3C 1,706 .2 29.96
Louisiana.............. 4,110,648 1 .1 400,375 2 .7 1 49,75C •1.9 36.43 16,235 1.E 40.65
Montana............... 7,878,025 2 .2 1, 343,035 9 .2 87,039 1 .1 11.12 28,868 3 .2 21.49
Nebraska............... 21.432.10G 5.2 404,481 2.8 299,127 3.7 13.96 15,645 1 .7 38.43
Nevada.................. 300, 700 .1 300,192 2 .7 8,703 .1 21.04 8,473 .£ 21.72
New Mexico......... 1,497,300 .4 371,209 2 .4 34,648 .4 23.14 18,865 2.3 60.81
North Dakota___ 21,336, 772 5.2 10, 051 .1 181, 302 2 .2 8.5C 278 20,07
Oklahoma_______ 15, 570,362 4.8 2,109 (>) 245, 501 3.0 15.77 100 47.63
Oregon................... 2,801,467 .8 037,907 4.4 89,364 1.1 31.23 24,800 2.S 38.87
South Dakota....... 17,956,734 5.C 59,361 .4 171,238 2.1 9.54 1,646 .2 27,72
Texas..................... 30,760,030 8 .5 594,287 4.C 015, C0C 7.6 20.01 33,221 3 .7 55.90
Utah....................... 1.200,164 .1 9 1 7 ,1SS 6.2 3 5 ,2CC .4 2 0 .3S 20,096 3.3 32,71
Washington.......... 3,660,858 l.C 405,027 2.8 144,837 l.S 39. 5£ 61,145 6.3 150,97
'Wyoming............. 2, 00% 042 .6 978,106 0 .7 29,371 .4 14.61 18,851 2.1 19.27
i D ata on the relatively small amount of irrigation outside the 39 irrigation States are not available.
:i Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
Source of tables 59G and 597: Dept, of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports,
Irrigation of Agricultural Lands.

6 3 0 IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
N o. 5 9 8 .— I r r ig a t e d F a rm s R e p o r t in g a n d A c r e a g e o f I r r ig a t e d L a n d
F r o m W h ic h C r o p s W e r e H a r v e s t e d , b y S t a t e s : 1929 a n d 1934 i
Note.—See headnote, table 597
FARMS RETORTING IRRIGATED LAND
AOREAGE OF IRRIGATED LAND FROM
WHICH CROPS -WERE HARVESTED
DIVISION AND STATE
1929 1934
Percent
of all
farms
Percent of
farms reporting
crop
land harvested
1929 1 1934
Percent of
crop land
harvested
1929 1934 1929 1934 1029 1934
296,189 4.3 4.7 13,034, 174 4.4
Total, 19 Statesa„ 286,147 289, 779 12.9 13.3 13.7 15.1 14,938,252 12, 938, 381 8.2 10.9
51

DRAINAGE 631
N o .. 5 9 9 . I rrigated C rops H arvested, by Acreage, P roduction and
Va l u e: 1929 ’
__________________________ _______________ N o t e .— S c o headnote, table 597
Total L
C ereals, total.....................
C o rn harvested for grain..
W heat threshed....................
O ats threshed for grain.........
B a ile y ......................................... ‘
R y e ......... . ................................
Sorghum for grain.................
R ice (rough).............................'
M ixed grains and other cereals...
O th e r grains and seeds, to tal...
C anada and other ripe field peas1
A7avy and other ripe field beans K
A ll olovor seed...................
Alfalfa seed.............................
Miscellaneous seeds...............
H A y crops, total............................
T am o hay.......................................
Alfalfa........................................
T im othy and (or) timothy and
clover mixed...........................
Olovor alono...............................
A nnual legumes saved for hay *.
Small grains cut for hay...........
Other taino grassos....................
W ild, salt, and prairie grasses___
Silage and niiscl. forage crops..........
C o rn cut for fodder..........................
Vegetables, total........................ .
Potatoes (Irish or white).......
Sweetpotatoos and yams.......
Vegetables harvested for sole.
S u g ar crops, total......................
Sugar beets for sugar.............. .
O ther sugar crops...................
C otton,including cottonseed..........
L in t cotton...................................
Cottonseed.....................................
H o p s...................................................
Miscellaneous crops..................
L a n d in orchard and subtropical
fruits, vineyards, and planted
nut trees.................................... .
O rchard fruits, total........................
A pples...........................................
Peaches................ ........................
Pears..............................................
Plum s and prunes........... _..........
Cherries.........................................
Pigs................................................
Apricots........................................
All other orchard fruits...............
G rapes...............................................
Subtropical fruits, total..................
Oranges.........................................
L em ons........................................
G rap efru it..................................
Olives............................................
All other subtropical fruits.........
N uts, total............. .........................
W alnuts (English or Persian)...
All other nuts...............................
Small fruits, total......... .
Strawberries................
^Raspberries................ .
All other small fruits..
Acreage
14,638,252
3,250,629
348,663
1,017,021
382,491
665,085
12,335
71,371
724,997
26, 066
687,84ft
101, 316
366, m
64, 738
137,754
18,2BD
6,758,431
5,455,183
4,006,381
679,014
83,502
19,833
219,342
356,211
1,303,248
88,431
37,704
782,274
252,805
10,634
518,835
602,47g
501,051
528
893, 745
893,745
4,811
131,693
1,494,637
543,445,383
« 9,054,062
i 10,758,112
85,752,449
510,451,409
« 1,287,486
«2,168,826
«3,853, 026
M19,113
8189,819,218
*20, 380,559
e 14, 577, 588
*2, 770,197
*1, 478,488
61,
148.983
& 405,323
63,
016.984
U, 663,775
• 1, 353,209
20,348
13,605
4,104
2,739
Unit
Bushel.-
...do......
...do___
...do___
...do___
...do___
...d o___
...do___
...do___
Bushel—
..d o___
...do___
...do___
Ton------
...d o___
..d o ___
...do___
...d o ..—
...do___
...do___
...do___
...d o___
..d o ,...
Bushel-
,._do_...
B ale...
Ton___
Pound-
Bushel__
...do........
..d o........ .
..d o ........ .
...do........ .
Pound__
Bushel.—.
Pound.
Box___
...d o ...
...dO---
Pound-
Pound.
...d o ___
...d o ___
Quart—
...d o ___
...d o ___
...d o —
PRODUCTION
Amount
111,801,074
10,025,296
27,905,376
14,235,960
22,872,825
213,369
1,910,504
32,876,049
771,699
1,471,670
8, 408,492
254,837
366,988
13,438,922
12,239,422
10,384,608
973, 605
120,410
27,029
318,753
414,097
1,199,500
614,162
(*)
47,607,488
1,124,047
4,174
624,126
302,805
0,487,797
37,048,840
14,731,990
9,836,630
8,801,389
1,098,017
114,799,188
6,413,071
2,998,801,637
43,466,133
9,273,473
2,701,061
39,906,000
74,006, 630
69,368,209
4,638,321
38,649,005
27,023,843
7,266,668
4,269, 694
Per
acre
34.4
31.3
27.5
37.2
34.3
17.3
26.8
45.3
28.6
14.5
23.0
3.9
2.7
2.0
2.2
2.6
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.6
1.2
.9
6.8
188.3
106.7
11.9
.7
1,972.1
7 4.1
71.4
n . r
1.8
7.9
7 62.9
71.4
>16.3
7 3.0
7 3. 3
71,8
7 34.7
724. 5
741. 7
73.4
1,894.5
2,001.0
1,767.9
1,558.8
VALUE (DOLLARS)
Amount
899, 942, 549
94,057,204
8,923,428
28, 64(1,910
7, 021,831
14, 570,613
187,712
1,797,785
32,332, 566
572,419
43,777,658
3,237, 789
33,492,740
1,947,442
4,004,849
1,094,832
169,163, 452
168,216,955
130,509,352
11,247, 379
1,324,897
275, 679
4,484,860
4,274,888
10,946,497
3,740,885
138,809,727
58,618,017
1, 732,489
78,459,221
42,878,942
42, 006,114
72,828
67,003,012
68,657,194
8,345,818
1,180,493
372,087
111,113,718
45,508, 713
18,312,004
18,371,048
8,357,856
5,090,798
5,820,709
9,520, 057
110, 933
37,351,036
172,184,866
119,738, 658
42,974,061
0,852,367
1,630,665
983,106
12,203,911
11,101, 932
1,101,979
6,305,508
4,482,104
1,265, 188
568,126
Per
acre
61.50
28.04
25.60
28.14
18.30
21.88
16.03
25.19
44. 60
21.23
63.64
31.06
91.57
30.08
29.07
59.06
25.03
29.00
33.35
16.64
15.87
13.88
20.49
12.00
8.40
42.30
177.44
231.87
162.02
151.22
84.94
84.88
137. 93
74.97
65.63
9.34
245.37
2.83
7 2.56
75.03
71.70
7 3.19
7.80
7 3.96
7 2. 69
7 2. 47
7.98
7« .20
7 8. 45
78.21
715.51
7 4. 63
71.42
7 2.43
74.05
76.67
7.81
300.88
331.89
305.85
207.42
1 N ot including acreage of annual legumes saved for hay which is practically all duplicated in "Other
grains and seeds, ’ ’ but including value of leguminous hay.
1 Includes cowpeas. *Includes soy and velvet beans.
*Acreage included in totals for “ tame hay” and “ hay crops" but not in total acreage for all crops.
* N ot available. 8 Trees of bearing age. 7Average per tree.
1Vines of bearing age, • Average production par vino. 1Average value per vine.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Irrigation of Agricultural
Lands.

35. FARMS—GENERAL STATISTICS
[D ata in th is s e c tio n r e la te to c o n tin e n ta l U n ite d S tates]
N o. 6 0 3 .— P o p u l a t io n , F a r m s, a n d F a r m P r o p e r t y — S u m m a r y : 1850 t o 1935
N o t e .—Figures for 1860 and 1900 relate to June 1, for 1010 to Apr. 16, for 1920, 1926, and 1935 to Jan 1,
and for 1930 to Apr. 1, except that the classification of land according to use refers to the preceding year.
Leaders indicate that data are not available
ITEM 1850 1900 1910 1920
1925 1930
1935
Total population...........
Urban......................
Rural 2.....................
Percent of total.
Farm population8........
Percent of total......
Percent of rural___
Number of farms__________
Approximate land area of
United States (1,000 acres).
Percent in farms.............
AU land in farms (1,000 acres)-
Crop land harvested...,.
Crop failure...................
Cropland idle or fallow...
Plowable pasture______
Woodland pasture...___
Other pasture..................
Woodland not pastured..
All other........................
23,101,870 75, 094,575 91,972,266 105,710,620 '114,035,000 122,775,046 '127,152,000
30,380,433 42,106,120 64,304,603 '61,451,000 68,054, S23 '7 2 ,3 2 0 ,0 0 0
45,614,142 49,806,146 51,406,017 ' 52,584,000 53,820,223 ' 5 4 ,832,000
60.0 54.2 48.6 46.1 4 3.8 4 3 .1
31,014,269 (*) 30,445,350 31, S 00,907
29.9 to
2 4.8 2 5 .0
61.6 o) 56.0 5 8.0
1,449,073
1,884,376
15.6
6,787,872 8,361, 5C2
1,903,462
44.1
1,903,290
4 6.2
6,448,343
1,903,215
50.2
6,871,640 6,288,648
1,903,217
48.6
293, 561 838,592 878,798 966,884 924,319
344,549
13,018
33,893
113,667
76,704
217,687
67,007
57,834
1.903,217
5 1.8
986,771
359,212
12,707
41,287
109,100
85,322
260,673
64,624
44,757
6,812,350
1,003,2 1 7
5 5.4
1,054, 515
295,624
63,082
56,029
08, 579
108,096
311,226
77,379
43,901
Land available for crops •_ "113,033 * 414,498 *478,452 *503,073 606,027 522,306 513,914
Average acreage per farm__
Value of all farm property
(thousands of dollars)........
Land and buildings........
Land 7.......................
Buildings.................
Implements and machinery...............................
Livestock...............:.......
Percent of value of all farm
property represented by—
Land and buildings........
L a n d ..................... .
Buildings.................
Implements and machinery.........................
Livestock........................
Average value of all farm
property per farm (dollars).
Land and buildings........
Land.........................
Buildings..................
Implements and machinery.........................
Livestock....................... .
Average value of all farm
property per acre (dollars)..
Land and buildings........
Land.........................
Buildings..................
Implements and machinery.......................
Livostock........................
202.6
151, 588
544,181
82.5
146.2
8,907,344 20,439,901 40,891,449
3,271, 575 16,014,647 34,801,126
13,068,008 2S, 175,674
3,556,639 0,325,452
3.8
13.7
2,738
2,258
10;
376
13.51
11.14
. 5 2
1.85
749,776
3,075,478
8 1.3
6 3.9
1 7.4
3 .7
15.0
3, 569
2,896
2,276
620
131
530
24.37
19.81
16, 67
4 .2 4
138.1
1,265,150
4,925,174
84.9
69.5
15.4
3.1
12.0
6,444
5,471
4,476
994
199
774
46.64
39.60
32.40
7.20
. 89 1.44
3 .6 7 5.60
77,923,662
66,318,003
54,829,563
11,486,440
148.2 145.1 156.9 154.8
3, 594,778
8,012,876
86.1
70.4
14.7
4.6
10.3
12,084
10,284
8,503
1,781
557
1,243
67,017,740 67,245,544
49,467,047 47,870,838 3 2 ,868,844
37,721,018 34,929,845
11,746,629 12,049,094
2,691,704 3,301,654
8 4,858,389 8 6,064,051 8 3 ,4 1 8 ,BIO
86.8
66.2
20.6
4 .7 5 .8
8. 5 10.6
8,946
7,764
5,920
1,844
422
763
8 3 .0 ........
6 1 .0 ........
22.6...................
9,103
7,614
5,554
2,059
81. 88 61.69 88. 01
60.38 53.62 48. 62
67.36 40.81 36.40
12.02 12.71 13.12
3.76 2.91 3.36
8.38 5.26 6.16
4 ,8 2 3
525
964 502
1Estimates. 2 For definition of urban and rural, see headnoto, table 9, p. 7.
8 The 1030 and 1935 farm population comprises all persons living on farms without regard to occupation;
the 1020 figures include also those farm laborers (and their families) who, while not living on farms, lived
outside tho limits of any Incorporated place. A further difference la due to the fact that the 1020 and 1935
censuses were taken in January, while the 1030 census was taken in 'April, when the number of persons on
farms Is appreciably larger. For farm population by States see table 12, p . 0, and table 622, p. 057.
4 Data collected for 1925 are not strictly comparable with figures for other years.
5 Includes cropland harvested, crop failure, cropland lying idle or fallow, and plowablo pasture.
8 “Improved land”; figures nominally include land available for crops and land occupied by buildings,
yards, and barnyards.
7 These figures include the value of fences, tile drains, and other incidental improvements on the land,
excluding only the value of buildings. 8 See note 1 on “livestock” table 607, p. 641.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1935, Vol. III.
634

VALUE OF FARM FRO PERT Y 635
No. 604:.— F a r m s — A v e r a g e V a l u e s p e r F a r m a n d p e r A c r e , b y S t a t e s :
1920 to 1935
N ote .—Averages are based on data shown in tables 005 and 007. The 1935 schedule called for the value of
land and buildings only. The average value of land per acre is shown for 1920,1925, and 1930 in the 1935
and previous issues of this publication
DIVISION AND
STATE
AVERAGE VALU E PER FARM (DOLLARS)
All farm property Land and buildings
AVERAGE VALUE OF LAND AND
BUILDINGS PER ACRE (DOL­
LARS)
m o 1925 1930 1920 1925 1930 1935 1920 1925 1930 1935
United States. 12,084 8,949 9,108 10,284 7,764 7 ,6 1 4 4,823 69.38 53. 52 48.63
31.16
New England.......... 7,492 6,844 9,256 5,860 5,678 7,630 5,696 54.00 57.11 66.66 68.28
Maine................... 5, 00$ 4,914 6,376 4, 232 3, 943 4,981 3,425 37.62 38.22 41.87 30.40
New Hamnshire. 5,782 6,084 6,682 4,385 4,113 5 , 19C 3,783 34.56 38.30 39.47 31. 64
Vermont_______ 7,061 6,611 8,147 5,472 4,940 6,801 4,286 37.56 34. 97 37.40 28.09
Massachusetts__ 9 ,38E 8 ,77C 11,870 7,737 7, 611 10, 205 7,285 99.25 107.53 130. 20 116.44
Rhode Island....... 8 ,23S 8, 552 12,370 6, 462 7,139 10, 388 8,144 79.58 90.35 123. 52 114.61
Connecticut......... 10,019 9,932 15,136 8,390 8, 689 13, 226 8,828 100. 20 110.22 151.38 136,49
Middle Atlantic..... 9,290 8,306 10,074 7,061 6,684 7,880 5, 386 73.99 74.68 80.40 58.74
New York............ 9 ,87C 9,043 10,712 7 ,37C 7,243 8, 234 5,905 69.07 70.96 73.16 55.95
New Jersey.......... 10,40$ 10,484 14,004 8,428 8,848 11, 776 7,977 109. 07 138.42 109. 99 122.41
Pennsylvania___ 8,551 7,287 8,906 6, 560 5,838 0, 977 4, 505 76.14 71.81 78. 58 54.35
East North Central.. 15,898 11,975 11,501 13, 771 10,483 0, 660 6,087 120. 87 97.77 84. 20 56.40
Ohio.................... 1 2 ,0GC 9,141 9,179 10,308 7,951 7, 720 5, 007 113. 18 87.57 78.69 55.89
Indiana................. 14,831 9,867 9,242 12,937 8 ,681 7,796 5,180 126, 98 85.15 71.90 50.70
Illinois 28,108 20,514 17, 654 25,289 18,015 15, 553 9,536 187. 59 136. 65 108.68 69.67
M ichigan...____ 8,970 7,924 8,436 7,313 6.676 6,863 4, 205 75. 48 71.20 67.80 44.76
Wisconsin______ 14,143 11, 705 12,150 23,558 9,830 9, 526 6, 238 98. 78 80.90 7 9 .1G 53.15
West North Central. 26, 617 16.988 18,308 22,307 14,875 13,623 7,964 95. 22 66,64 67.10 34.37
Minnesota............ 21.221 14,072 14, 079 18,496 12,717 11,471 6,803 109. 23 79.63 08.74 42.14
Iowa _______ _ 39,939 26,240 23,229 36,010 23,207 19,655 11,092 227. 09 148.87 124.18 71.00
M issouri.............. 13,654 8,779 8,398 11,646 7,691 7,018 3,948 88.08 01.37 53.23 31.36
North Dakota___ 22,651 15,678 15,218 10,160 13,428 12,199 8,358 41.10 29.72 24. 61 18.08
South Dakota___ 37,835 20,857 18,991 33,132 18,071 1 5 ,455 8,305 71.40 44.89 35.24 18.05
Nebraska............ 33,771 22, 504 22, 671 29,836 19, 700 19, 274 11, 090 87.91 60.00 55.81 33.53
Kansas................ 19,982 16,097 16,234 17,122 13, 250 13, 738 8,469 62. 30 50. 26 48.56 30.80
South Atlantic 5.292 4,205 4,224 4,488 3,699 3, 639 2,484 53.20 46.28 44.60 29.09
Delaware.............. Y903 7,097 8,579 6,386 5,818 0,890 4, 959 68. 56 66.33 74.31 55.88
Maryland............. 6,078 * 8,104 9,843 8,070 6,966 8, 244 5,405 81.25 77.00 81.42 55.37
Dist. of Columbia. 20,059 35,992 70,633 27,340 34,500 68, 690 80,709 984.01 1,257.65 2,326.18 2, 564.47
Virginia................. 6,425 5,159 5,819 5,501 4,678 5,016 3,005 65.19 51.53 51.16 33.66
West Virginia___ 6,687 4,649 4,983 4,706 3,941 4,138 2, 269 42.93 39. 66 38.85 25. 22
North Carolina... 4.634 3,704 3,451 3,990 3,267 3,018 2,069 53.70 49.80 46.75 31.24
South Carolina... 4,946 3,028 2,784 4,222 2, 049 2,401 1,72 a 05.46 43.01 30.45 23.16
Georgia^_____ . 4,366 2,757 2,674 3,663 2,359 2,260 1, 715 44.74 26.77 20.16 10.90
Florida............... 6,116 8,678 7,843 5,212 8,088 7,179 4, 407 40.55 81.67 84. 22 53.08
East South Central 4,203 2,881 3,038 3,484 2,406 2, 528 1,684 46.44 85.14 86.88 24. 21
Kentucky............. 5,587 3,727 4 ,177 4,823 3,278 3,535 2,229 00.39 42. 66 43. 73 29.97
Tennessee............. 4,953 3,497 3,039 4,055 3,006 3,025 2,030 62.53 42.42 41. 28 20.12
Alabama............. 2.698 2,107 2,375 2,123 1,740 1,962 1,347 27.77 24.78 28. 62 18. 73
Mississippi 3,540 2,140 2,216 2,903 1,785 1, 818 1,190 43.41 28.60 32.79 18.87
West South Central.. 7,852 6,800 6,222 6,310 4,876 5,263 3,542 S 6.27 30.05 SI. 57 20.04
Arkansas............... 3,974 2,833 2,082 3,238 2,436 2,261 1,480 43.14 34,59 34. ia 21.20
Louisiana......... 4,354 2,914 3,108 3,499 2,451 2, 590 1, 730 47.31 30.74 44. 7C 28. 29
Oklahoma 8,649 8,130 7,249 7,104 5,318 6,090 3,677 42. C8 33. 97 30.75 22.20
Toxas__________ 10,200 7,456 8,540 8,486 6, 640 7,200 5,137 32.45 27,77 28.86 18.70
Mountain ... .. 16,727 11,818 18,518 1 0 5 8 9,310 10,188 6,631 26.96 16.60 16.61 10.19
M ontana............. 17,095 12,257 14,914 13,468 9,700 11,109 7,433 22.15 13.91 11.81 7.91
Idaho 17,008 11,132 12, 692 13A11 9,107 10, 012 8,814 69.43 4 6 .0G 44.64 30.89
Wyoming______ 21,235 15, 497 19,149 14,007 11,132 12, 919 9, 537 10.88 9 .25 8 .7 0 5.92
Colorado........... 17,900 12, 277 13,266 14,499 30,211 10,497 6,680 35.40 24.51 21.79 13.97
Now Mexico 10,890 7.457 9,334 7,432 5 ,52C 0,619 4,113 9.09 6.28 0.74 4.95
Arizona 23,418 17,964 17,178 17,276 13, 332 12,999 7,047 29. 7C 13.01 17.50 9.46
Utah 12,130 9,631 10, 045 9,499 7,395 8,145 5,157 48.20 38.43 39.41 25.37
Nevada... . _ 31, 540 25,260 28,236 20,947 17,512 18, 620 11, 618 28.11 10.62 15.71 11.75
Paoiflo... 22,664 18,68ft 20,629 19,941 16,926 18,431 11,098 83.16 83.85 70.70 53.22
Washington........„ 16, 952 11,239 12,522 13,885 9,021 10,911 Q, 527 60.49 57.64 57.17 37,51
Oregon_________ 16,304 12,778 13, 705 13,440 11,01$ 11,438 6,922 49.86 4 3 .6C 38.12 25.85
California_______ 29,158 25,107 27,680 26,122 23, 111 25,203 15,406 104.07 114,57 112.33 76.40
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1935, Vol. III.

636 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS
No. 605.—Farms, by N um ber an d A creage,
DIVISION AND STATE
NUMBER OF FARMS
ALL LAND IN FARMS
(THOUSANDS OF ACRES)
m o 1020 1925 1930 lo ss 1910 1920 1925
United States___ 0,361, 502 6,448, 343 6,371,640 6, 088, 048 e, 812,350 878,708 066,884 924, 319
New England. . ............. 188,802 166,564 156,489 124,025 158, 241 10,715 10,991 15,868
M aine................... 60,016 48,227 50,033 39,006 41,907 6,207 5,426 5 ,1 6 1
New Hampshire........ 27,053 20,523 21,005 14, 006 17,695 3,249 2,004 2, 262
Vermont.......... .......... 32,706 20,075 27,786 24, 898 27,001 4,604 4,230 3 ,9 2 6
Massachusetts........... 30,617 32,001 33,454 25, 598 36,004 2,876 2,494 2 ,3 6 8
Rhode Island............. 5,292 4,083 3,011 3, 322 4,327 443 332 300
Connecticut............... 26,815 22,655 23, 240 17,196 32,157 2,186 1,890 1, 832
Middle Atlantic............. 408,379 426,147 418,868 357,603 097,684 43,101 40, 673 37, 491
New York_________ 215,597 193,195 188, 754 159,800 177,025 22,030 20,633 10, 270
New Jersey------------- 33,487 29,702 29,071 25, 378 29,375 2,674 2,283 1,925
Pennsylvania............. 219,295 202,250 200,443 172,419 191,284 18,687 17,658 16, 296
East North Central____ 1,128,489 1,084,744 1,051, 672 966,502 1,083,087 117, 920 117,785 112,762
Ohio............................ 272,045 256,695 244,703 219,206 255,146 24,106 23, 510 22, 219
Indiana..................... 215,485 205.126 105,786 181, 5 7 0 200,835 21, 300 21,003 19, 915
Illinois..................... 251,872 237,181 225,601 214,497 231,312 32, 523 31,975 30, 732
Michigan__________ 206,900 196,447 192,327 169, 372 108,517 18, 941 19, 033 18, 036
Wisconsin___ ______ 177,127 189,295 .193,155 181,767 199,877 21,000 22,148 21, 861
West North Central____ 1, 109.948 1,096,951 1,111,314 1,112, 755 1,179,856 232,048 256,973 248, 081
M innesota................ 156,137 178,478 188,231 185, 255 203, 302 27, 6 7 6 30, 2 2 2 30, 059
Iowa............... ............ 217,044 213,439 213,490 214,928 221,986 33,931 33,475 33, 281
Missouri..................... 277,244 263,004 260,473 255, 940 278,4G4 34, 591 34, 776 32, 642
North Dakota............ 74,360 77,690 75,970 77,075 84,606 28,427 30, 215 34, 327
South Dakota______ 77, M l 74,637 79,537 83,157 83,303 20,017 34, 636 32, 018
Nebraska.................... 129,678 124,417 127,734 129,458 133,010 38, 622 42, 225 42,025
Kansas........................ 177,841 165,286 165,879 160,042 174,589 43,386 45,426 43, 729
South Atlantio________ 1, 111, 881 1, 168,976 1, 108, 061 1,068,468 1,147,133 103,782 97,775 88, 560
Delaware.................... 10,836 10,140 10, 257 9,707 10,381 1,039 946 000
Maryland................... 48,023 47,908 49, 001 43,203 44,412 5,057 4,768 4 ,4 3 3
District of Columbia. 217 204 139 104 89 6 6 4
Virginia.......... ............ 184,018 186,242 193, 723 170, 610 107,632 10,400 18,561 17,210
West Virginia______ 96,685 87,289 90,380 82, 641 104,747 10, 020 9,570 8 ,9 8 0
North Carolina.......... 253,725 269,763 283,482 279,708 300,907 22, 439 20,022 18,594
South Carolina__ . . . 176,434 192, 093 172,767 157, 931 165,504 13,512 12,427 10,639
Georgia..................... 291,027 310,732 249,095 255, 598 250,544 20,953 25, 441 2 1 ,9 4 6
Florida....................... 50,016 54,005 59, 217 58, 006 72,857 5,254 8,047 5, 865
East South Central......... 1,042,480 1,051,600 1, 006, 062 1, 062, 214 1,137,219 81,621 78,807 70, 607
Kentucky................... 250,185 270,620 258, 524 246,499 278,298 22,180 21,613 19, 913
Tennessee................... 240,012 252,774 252, 669 245, 057 273,783 20.042 19, 611 17,901
Alabama___ ____ _ 262,901 256,099 237,631 257,395 273,455 20,732 19, 577 16, 739
Mississippi................ 274,382 272,101 257,228 312,663 311,683 18,668 18,107 10,053
West South Central........ 943,186 996,088 1,017,305 1,103,134 1,187,571 169,160 173,440 165, 013
Arkansas................___ 214,678 232,004 221,901 242, 334 253,013 17,416 17,467 15, 632
Louisiana.................. 120, 546 135,463 132,450 161,445 170,216 10,439 10,020 8 ,8 3 8
Oklahoma_________ 190,192 191,988 197,218 203,866 213,325 28,859 31,952 30, 869
Texas____ ________ 417,770 436,033 465,640. 495,489 501,017 112,435 114,021 109, 674
Mountain. 183,446 244,109 233,392 241,314 271,892 69,633 117,337 131, 689
Montana__________ 26,214 57,677 40,004 47,495 50,504 13, 540 35,071 32, 736
Idaho......................... 30,807 42,106 40, 592 41,674 45,113 5, 284 8,376 8 ,1 1 6
Wyoming__________ 10,987 15,748 15, 512 16, 011 17,487 8, 543 11,809 18, 063
Colorado_____ _____ 46,170 50,934 58,020 59,960 03, 044 13, 532 24,4 6 2 24,1 6 7
New Mexico_______ 35,676 29,844 31,687 31,404 41,309 11, 270 24,410 27, 860
Arizona................... 9,227 9,975 10,802 14,173 18,824 1,247 6,802 11, 065
Utah........ ................... 21,676 26,662 25,992 27,159 30,695 3, 398 5,050 5,001
Nevada___ _______ 2,689 3,103 3,883 3,442 3,606 2, 715 2,357 4 ,0 9 1
Pacific......................... 180,801 284,164 285, 687 261,733 299,667 61,329 50,153 54,258
W ashington.............. 56,192 66,288 73, 267 70,904 84,381 11,712 13,245 12,610
Oregon................. ...... 45,502 50,206 55,911 55,153 04,826 11, 686 13, 542 14,131
California__________ 88,197 117,670 136,409 135,670 150,300 27,931 20,360 27,517
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1035, Vol. III.

NUM BER AND ACREAGE OP FARMS 637
b y S t a t e s : 1910 t o 1935
A L L L A N D I N
F A R M S ( T H O U ­
S A N D S O F
A C R E S ) —
c o n t i n u o d
A V E R A G E A C R E A G E P E R F A R M
P E R C E N T O F T O T A L L A N D A R E A
R E P R E S E N T E D B Y A L L L A N D
I N F A R M S
D I V I S I O N
A N D S T A T E
m o 1 9 3 5 1 9 1 0 1 9 2 0 1 0 3 5 m o 1 9 3 5 1 9 1 0 1 9 2 0 1 9 2 5 1 9 3 0 1 9 3 5
9 8 0 , 7 7 1 1 ,0 5 4 ,5 1 5 1 3 8 . 1 1 4 8 . 2 1 4 5 . 1 1 5 6 . 9 1 5 4 . 8 4 6 . 2 5 0 . 2 4 8 . 6 5 1 . 8 5 5 . 4 v . s.
14,, 2 8 3 1 6 , 4 6 3 1 0 4 . 4 1 0 8 . 6 9 9 . 4 1 1 4 . 8 9 7 . 7 4 9 . 7 4 2 . 8 4 0 . 0 3 0 . 0 3 9 . 0 TV. E.
4 , 6 4 0 4 , 7 2 2 1 0 4 . 9 1 1 2 . 5 1 0 3 . 2 1 1 9 . 0 1 1 2 . 7 3 2 . 6 2 8 . 4 2 7 . 0 2 4 . 3 2 4 . 7 Me.
1 , 9 0 0 2 , 1 1 6 120.1 1 2 6 . 9 1 0 7 . 4 1 3 1 . 5 1 1 9 . 8 5 6 . 2 4 5 . 0 3 9 . 1 3 3 . 0 3 6 . 6 N. H.
3 , 8 9 6 4 , 0 4 3 1 4 2 . 0 1 4 5 . 7 1 4 1 . 3 1 5 0 . 5 1 4 9 . 4 7 9 . 9 7 2 . 5 6 7 , 2 6 6 . 7 6 9 . 2 v t .
2 , 0 0 6 2,100 7 7 . 9 7 7 . 9 7 0 . 8 7 8 . 3 6 2 . 6 5 5 . 6 4 8 . 6 4 6 . 0 3 0 , 0 4 2 . 7 M bsb.
2 7 0 . 3 0 8 8 3 . 8 8 1 . 2 7 0 . 0 8 4 . 1 7 1 . 1 0 4 . 9 4 8 . 6 4 5 . 3 4 0 . 9 4 6 . 1 R. I.
1 , 5 0 2 2 , 0 8 0 8 1 . 5 8 3 . 8 7 8 . 8 8 7 . 4 6 4 . 7 7 0 . 9 6 1 . 6 6 9 . 4 4 8 . 7 6 7 . 4 Conn.
3 6 , 0 4 7 3 6 , 4 5 5 9 2 . 2 9 5 . 4 8 9 . 5 9 8 . 0 9 1 . 7 6 7 . 5 8 3 . 4 5 3 . 6 5 4 . 8 5 7 . 0 M, A.
1 7 , 9 8 0 1 8 , 6 8 6 102.2 1 0 6 . 8 102.1 1 1 2 . 5 1 0 5 . 6 7 2 . 2 6 7 . 7 6 3 . 2 5 9 . 0 6 1 . 3 N. Y.
1 , 7 5 8 1 , 9 1 4 7 6 . 9 7 6 . 8 6 4 . 9 6 0 . 3 6 5 . 2 5 3 . 5 4 7 . 5 4 0 . 0 3 6 . 6 3 9 . 8 N. I.
1 5 , 3 0 9 1 6 , 8 5 5 8 4 . 8 8 7 . 3 8 1 . 3 88.8 8 2 . 0 6 4 . 8 0 1 . 5 5 0 . 8 5 3 . 4 5 5 . 3 Pa.
1 1 0 , 8 9 1 1 1 6 , 9 6 7 1 0 5 . 0 1 0 8 . 5 1 0 7 . 2 1 1 4 . 7 1 0 7 . 9 7 5 . 0 7 4 . 9 7 1 . 7 7 0 . 6 7 4 , 4 E. H, O.
2 1 , 6 1 4 2 2 , 8 5 8 88.6 9 1 . 6 9 0 . 8 9 8 . 1 8 9 . 6 9 2 . 5 9 0 . 2 8 5 . 2 8 2 . 5 8 7 . 7 Ohio.
1 9 , 6 8 9 2 0 , 5 1 9 9 8 . 8 1 0 2 . 7 1 0 1 . 7 1 0 8 . 4 102.2 9 2 . 3 9 1 . 3 8 6 . 3 8 5 . 3 8 8 . 9 Ind,
3 0 , 0 9 5 3 1 , 6 6 1 1 2 9 . 1 1 3 4 . 8 1 3 0 . 2 1 4 3 . 1 1 3 6 . 9 9 0 . 7 8 9 . 1 8 5 . 7 8 5 . 6 8 8 . 3 i n .
1 7 , 1 1 9 1 8 , 4 6 0 9 1 . 6 9 6 . 9 9 3 . 8 101.1 9 3 . 9 5 1 . 5 5 1 . 7 4 9 . 0 4 6 . 5 5 0 . 2 Mich.
2 1 , 8 7 4 2 3 , 4 5 9 1 1 8 . 9 1 1 7 . 0 1 1 3 . 1 1 2 0 . 3 1 1 7 . 4 5 9 . 6 6 2 . 3 01.8 6 1 . 9 6 6 . 3 Wls.
2 3 6 , 4 8 8 2 7 3 , 0 7 7 2 0 9 . 6 2 3 4 . 3 2 2 3 . 2 2 3 8 . 6 2 3 1 . 4 7 1 . 2 7 8 . 6 7 5 . 9 8 1 . 2 8 8 . 5 W. H. C.
3 0 , 9 1 3 3 2 , 8 1 8 1 7 7 . 3 1 6 9 . 3 1 5 9 . 7 1 6 6 . 9 1 6 1 . 4 5 3 . 5 5 8 . 4 5 8 . 1 5 9 . 7 6 3 . 4 Minn.
3 4 , 0 1 9 3 4 , 3 5 9 1 5 6 . 3 1 5 6 . 8 1 5 5 . 9 3 5 8 . 3 1 5 4 . 8 9 5 . 4 9 4 . 1 9 3 . 6 9 5 . 6 9 6 . 6 Iowa.
3 3 , 7 4 3 3 5 , 0 5 5 1 2 4 . S 1 3 2 . 2 1 2 5 . 3 1 3 1 . 8 1 2 5 . 9 7 8 . 6 7 9 , 1 7 4 . 2 7 6 . 7 7 9 . 7 Mo.
3 8 , 6 5 8 3 9 , 1 1 8 3 8 2 . 3 4 6 6 . 1 4 5 1 . 9 4 9 5 . 8 4 6 2 . 4 6 3 . 3 HO. 6 7 6 . 4 86.1 8 7 . 1 N. Dak.
3 0 , 4 7 0 3 7 , 1 0 2 3 3 5 . 1 4 0 4 . 1 4 0 2 . 0 4 3 8 . 0 4 4 5 . 4 5 2 . 9 7 0 . 4 6 5 . 1 7 4 . 1 7 5 . 4 S. Dak.
4 4 , 7 0 9 4 6 , 6 1 6 2 9 7 . 8 3 3 9 . 4 3 2 9 . 0 3 4 5 . 4 3 4 8 . 0 7 8 . 6 8 5 . 9 8 6 . 5 9 1 . 0 9 4 . 8 Nebr.
4 0 , 9 7 6 4 8 , 0 1 0 2 4 4 , 0 2 7 4 . 8 2 0 3 . 6 2 8 2 . 9 2 7 5 . 0 8 2 . 9 8 0 , 8 8 3 . 6 8 9 . 8 9 1 . 7 Kans.
8 6 , 8 6 3 9 6 , 9 8 7 9 3 . 3 8 4 . 4 7 9 . 0 8 1 . 8 8 3 . 7 6 0 . 8 5 6 . 8 5 1 . 4 6 0 .2 5 5 . 7 S. A.
9 0 1 9 2 1 9 5 . 9 9 3 . 1 8 7 . 7 9 2 . 8 8 8 . 7 8 2 . 6 7 5 . 1 7 1 . 5 7 1 . 6 7 3 . 3 Del.
4 , 3 7 4 4 , 3 8 4 1 0 3 . 4 9 9 . 3 9 0 . 5 1 0 1 . 3 9 8 . 7 7 9 . 5 7 4 . 8 6 9 . 7 68.8 6 8 . 9 Mfl.
3 3 2 7 . 9 2 7 . 8 2 7 . 4 2 9 . 5 3 1 . 5 1 5 . 8 1 4 . 8 9 . 6 7.7 7 . 1 D. 0.
1 6 , 7 2 9 1 7 , 6 4 6 1 0 5 . 9 9 9 . 7 88.8 9 8 . 1 8 9 . 3 7 5 . 7 7 2 . 0 66.8 6 4 . 9 6 8 . 5 Va.
8 , 8 0 2 9 , 4 2 4 1 0 3 . 7 1 0 9 . 6 9 9 . 4 1 0 6 . 5 9 0 . 0 6 5 . 2 6 2 . 2 5 8 . 4 6 7 . 3 6 1 . 3 W. Va.
1 8 , 0 5 5 1 9 , 9 3 0 8 8 . 4 7 4 . 2 6 5 . 6 6 4 . 5 00.2 7 1 . 9 6 4 . 2 6 9 , 6 5 7 . 9 6 3 . 9 N. O.
1 0 , 3 9 3 1 2 , 3 3 0 7 6 . 6 6 4 . 5 01.6 0 5 . 8 74.5 0 9 . 2 (1 3 .7 5 4 . 5 5 3 . 3 0 3 . 2 B. C.
2 2 , 0 7 9 2 5 , 2 9 7 9 2 . 6 8 1 . 9 88.1 8 6 . 4 101.0 7 1 . 7 6 7 . 7 5 8 . 4 5 8 . 7 6 7 . 3 Ga.
5 , 0 2 7 6 , 0 4 8 1 0 5 . 0 112.0 9 9 . 0 8 5 . 2 8 3 . 0 1 5 . 0 1 7 . 2 1 6 . 7 1 4 . 3 1 7 . 2 Fla.
7 2 , 8 1 8 7 9 , 1 0 1 7 8 . 2 7 5 . 0 7 0 . 2 68.6 8 9 . 6 7 1 . 0 6 8 . 7 6 1 . 6 6 3 . 4 6 8 . 9 E. S. 0.
1 9 , 9 2 8 2 0 , 6 9 9 8 5 . 6 7 9 . 9 7 7 . 0 8 0 . 8 7 4 . 4 8 6 . 3 8 4 . 0 7 7 . 4 7 7 . 5 8 0 . 5 Ky.
1 8 , 0 0 3 1 9 , 0 8 6 8 1 . 5 7 7 . 2 7 0 . 8 7 3 . 3 0 9 . 7 7 5 . 1 7 3 . 1 6 7 . 1 6 7 . 6 7 1 . 5 Tenn.'
1 7 ,555 1 9 , 6 0 1 7 8 . 9 7 6 . 4 7 0 . 4 68.2 7 1 . 9 6 3 . 2 5 9 . 7 5 1 . 0 5 3 . 6 5 9 . 9 Ala.
1 7 , 3 3 2 1 9 , 6 5 5 6 7 . 6 0 6 . 9 0 2 . 4 6 6 . 4 6 3 . 1 6 2 . 5 3 1 . 3 5 4 . 1 5 8 . 4 66.2 Miss,
1 8 3 , 9 0 6 2 0 1 , 1 1 8 1 7 0 . 3 1 7 4 . 1 1 6 2 . 2 1 6 6 .7 1 7 6 . 8 6 1 . 6 6 3 . 1 6 0 . 0 6 6 . 9 7 3 . 1 w .s . c.
1 6 , 0 5 3 1 7 , 7 4 2 8 1 . 1 7 5 . 0 7 0 . 4 66.2 7 0 . 1 5 1 . 8 5 1 . 9 4 0 . 6 4 7 . 8 5 2 . 8 Ark.
9 , 3 5 5 1 0 , 4 4 4 86,6 7 4 , 0 6 6 . 7 5 7 , 9 0 1 . 4 3 5 . 9 34. r> 3 0 . 4 3 2 . 2 3 5 . 9 La.
S 3 , 7 0 1 3 5 , 3 3 5 1 5 1 . 7 1 6 6 . 4 1 6 0 . 6 1 6 5 . 8 1 6 5 . a 6 5 , 0 7 1 . 0 6 9 . 5 7 0 . 1 7 9 . 6 Okla.
1 .2 4 ,7 0 7 1 3 7 ,6 9 7 200.1 2 6 1 . 5 2 3 5 . 5 2 5 1 . 7 2 7 4 . 6 6 7 . 0 6 7 . 9 6 6 . 3 7 4 . 3 8 1 . 9 Ter.
1 6 7 , 4 5 0 1 7 3 , 8 8 1 3 2 4 . 5 4 9 0 , 7 5 6 4 . 2 6 5 2 . 5 6 4 0 . 7 10.8 21.8 2 4 . 0 2 8 . 6 3 1 . 6 Mt.
4 4 , 0 5 9 4 7 , 5 1 2 5 1 6 . 7 6 0 8 . 1 6 9 7 . 9 9 4 0 . 3 9 3 9 . 6 1 4 . 5 8 7 . 5 3 5 . 0 4 7 . 8 5 0 . 8 Mont.
0, 3 4 7 9 , 9 5 2 1 7 1 . 5 1 9 8 . 9 1 9 9 . 9 2 2 4 . 3 220.0 9 . 9 1 5 . 7 1 5 . 2 1 7 . 5 1 8 . 7 Idaho.
2 3 , 5 2 6 2 8 , 1 6 2 7 7 7 . 0 7 4 0 . 9 1 , 2 0 3 . 2 1 , 4 6 9 . 3 1 , 6 1 0 , 4 1 3 . 7 1 8 . 9 20.0 3 7 . 7 4 6 . 1 Wyo.
2 8 , 8 7 6 2 9 , 9 7 8 2 9 3 . 1 4 0 8 . 1 4 1 6 . 6 4 8 1 . 6 4 7 1 . 0 2 0 . 4 8(1 .0 3 6 . 4 i _ 4 3 . 5 4 5 . 2 Colo.
3 0 , 8 2 2 3 4 , 3 9 7 3 1 5 . 9 8 1 7 . 9 8 7 8 . 9 9 8 1 . 5 8 3 1 . 5 1 4 . 4 8 1 . 1 3 5 . 5 3 9 . 3 i 4 3 . 9 N. Mex,
1 0 , 5 2 7 1 4 , 0 1 9 1 3 5 . 1 6 8 1 . 7 1 , 0 2 4 . 4 7 4 2 . 7 7 4 4 . 7 1 . 7 8.0 1 5 . 2 1 4 . 5 10.2 Ariz,
5 , 6 1 3 6 , 2 3 9 1 5 6 . 7 1 9 6 . 8 1 9 2 . 4 2 0 6 . 7 2 0 3 . 3 6.6 9 . 0 0 . 5 1 0 . 7 1 1 . 9 Utah,
4 , 0 8 1 3 , 6 2 2 1 , 0 0 9 . 6 7 4 6 . 2 1 , 0 6 3 . 5 1 , 1 8 5 . 6 9 7 9 . 9 3 . 9 3 . 4 6.8 5 . 8 5 . 2 Nev.
6 0 , 5 2 6 6 2 , 4 7 6 2 7 0 , 3 2 3 9 . 8 2 0 4 . 8 2 9 1 . 2 2 0 8 . 6 2 6 . 2 2 7 . 6 2 6 . 7 2 9 . 7 3 0 . 7 Pao.
1 8 , 5 3 4 1 4 , 6 8 0 2 0 8 . 4 1 9 9 . 8 1 7 2 . 1 1 9 0 . 9 1 7 4 . 0 2 7 . 4 3 1 . 0 20. f i 3 1 . 6 3 4 . 3 Wash
1 6 , 5 4 9 1 7 , 3 5 8 2 6 6 . 8 2 6 9 . 7 2 5 2 . 7 3 0 0 . 1 2 6 7 . 8 1 9 . 1 22,1 2 3 , 1 2 7 . 0 2 8 . 4 Oreg.
3 0 , 4 4 2 3 0 , 4 3 8 3 1 0 . 7 2 4 9 . 6 2 0 1 . 7 2 2 4 . 4 2 0 2 . 4 2 8 . 0 2 9 . 6 2 7 . 6 3 0 . 6 3 0 . 6 Oalff.

6 3 8 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS'
No. 606.-— F a r m L a n d , b y U s e ,
For total land in
[All figures in thou
1 Line num ber
DIVISION AND
STATE
CROP LAND
HARVESTED CROr FAILURE CROP LAND
IDLE OR
FALLOW
PLOWABLE
PASTURE
WOODLAND
PASTURE
OTHER
PAS­
TURE
1929 1934 1929 1934 1929 1934 1929 1934 1929 1934 1929
1 United States. 359,242 295,624 12,707 63,682 41,287 56,029 109,180 98, 579 85,322 108,098 269,673
2 Hew England-__ 3,659 4,044 41 28 316 231 966 737 3,147 3,620 2,155
3 M aine.... .......... 1,304 1,380 6 7 91 59 259 180 870 958 409
4 N . H am pshire. 380 44e 4 2 38 15 106 79 576 676 250
5 Verm ont.......... 1,074 1,114 6 5 48 14 274 222 1,018 1,183 900
6 M assachusetts. 474 548 10 7 80 68 162 133 345 390 247
7 Rhode Islan d . 65 66 2 1 11 11 35 25 38 30 27
8 Connecticut__ 372 484 12 6 47 64 128 98 291 377 232
9 Middle Atlantic. 14,324 14,886 336 258 2,296 2,015 4,353 3,786 3,334 3,370 4, 529
10 New Y o rk ___ 6,959 7,388 169 116 1,026 735 2,376 2,066 1,949 1,961 2,975
11 New J e rse y ... 777 805 20 3 191 187 198 175 47 52 95
12 Pennsylvania. 6,688 6,633 147 138 1,079 1,003 1,779 1,545 1,338 1,356 1,459
13 E. North C entral. 56,644 66,178 1, 695 3,087 5,193 6,494 14,628 15,182 12,547 14,533 9,140
14 Ohio.................. 10,116 10,384 227 231 927 910 3,763 3,914 1,854 2,050 2, 421
16 Indiana............ 10,214 10,103 348 394 1,161 1,341 2,810 2,951 1,834 2,092 1,312
16 Illinois.............. 18,958 17,587 701 1,735 1,480 1,848 4,092 4,034 2,010 2,259 1,505
17 M ichigan......... 7,738 8,359 197 251 1,159 977 2,064 2,237 2,410 2,883 1,418
18 W isconsin____ 9,618 9,772 122 477 466 413 1,900 2,046 4,440 5,248 2,483
10 W. North Central. 138,716 90, 919 4,068 40,230 7,611 17,603 34,406 30,363 13,261 15,202 50, 547
20 M innesota___ 18,445 17, 161 255 2,475 790 88C 2,249 2,274 3,656 4,169 2,342
21 Iow a.................. 22,276 18,92C 232 i, m 231 1,178 4,982 5,770 1,969 2,060 2, 558
22 M issouri_____ 13,176 11,702 806 1,302 1,665 1,548 7,018 7,909 5, 262 6,385 2,017
23 N . D akota___ 21,255 9,348 854 9,889 2,419 5, IGf 3,183 2,733 400 '429 7,176
24 S. D akota____ 17,850 4,804 583 9,782 563 2,771 5,707 4,355 395 533 9,815
25 N ebraska......... 21,390 12,105 360 8,235 584 2,279 4,160 2,653 798 791 15, 840
26 Kansas.... ......... 24,308 10, 603 968 7,436 1,259 3,781 7,107 4,670 781 835 10,709
27 South A tlantic... 27, 629 27,988 568 482 5, 979 6, 630 7,786 7,872 9,067 12,077 4, 942
28 D elaw are......... 408 38£ 9 c 88 .UC 83 76 16 8 24
20 M aryland____ 1, 742 1,677 IS 2C 370 385 539 551 205 186 214
30 Dist, of O o l... 2 1 m (•) m m (6) (4) (*) (4) (4)
31 V irginia.......... 3,976 3,842 80 65 1,003 1,161 2,925 2,993 1,528 1,629 1,140
32 W est V irginia. 1, 655 1.71C 25 2S 227 188 1,718 1,043 i; 121 l)431 1) 672
33 N. C aro lin a... 5,810 5,966 129 84 1,074 1,248 888 946 1,424 1)574 ' 633
34 S. Carolina___ 4,137 4,17S 97 87 803 1,021 351 357 1,052 l) 350 390
36 Georgia............. 8,337 8, C4C 104 138 1,94C 2,038 980 959 2,880 4,423 791
36 Florida______ 1, 454 1,579 46 63 469 489 301 348 841 1,470 176
37 E. South C entral. 25,14B 25,722 600 385 4,499 4,482 10,845 11, 969 8,076 9, 841 3, 816
38 K en tu ck y ........ 5, 331 5,41£ 160 ■ 104 1,446 1,351 5,395 5,687 1,403 1,609 l) 322
39 Tennessee........ 0,105 6,33C 145 97 1,414 1,286 2,751 3,015 l) 528 1)718 888
40 A labam a......... 7,114 7,23t 157 76 928 1,041 1,204 1,363 2)291 2) 968 611
41 M ississippi___ 6, 597 6,735 147 108 711 803 1,495 1,903 2 ,854 3)486 995
42 W. South Central. 56, 838 48,187 2,884 9, 890 5,046 7,145 16,491 12,960 20,997 31,768 70,121
43 Arkansas_____ 6,582 6,438 232 36S 1,093 1,10C 1,170 1,492 2', 064 2,644 558
44 Louisiana......... 4,068 3,977 13C 14S 543 630 916 1,120 917 l) 205 402
45 Oklahoma___ 15,553 12,342 696 2,885 1,082 1,824 3,249 2,562 3,567 4,271 7,824
46 Texas________ 30,634 25,429 1,804 6,488 2,328 3,591 11,156 7,787 14,449 23,649 61, 337
47 Mountain 28,279 14,064 2,063 8,486 5,809 7,280 15, 217 11,445 6, 839 8,043 99, 335
48 M ontana 7,841 4,592 789 2,567 2,762 3,438 4,695 3,639 1,642 l) 638 25,340
40 Idaho................ 3,150 2, 061 87 319 836 944 379 353 736 840 3,276
50 W yom ing........ 2,008 1,22C 96 552 189 368 2,322 1,301 468 544 18, 047
51 Colorado_____ 6,750 3,852 858 3,380 840 1,599 4,215 2,807 1,411 1,619 13)713
52 New M exico.. 1,494 744 98 1,223 207 421 3,198 2,931 1,752 2,062 23)644
53 Arizona............ 478 489 35 50 135 150 102 160 597 l) 077 8) 983
54 U tah________ 1,130 815 48 35S 288 332 228 201 177
6b N evada............ 398 272 52 27 45 28 78 63 56 73 3,176
56 P ao iflc_______ 13,116 13,046 583 837 6,139 5,148 4,470 4,264 8,053 fl R4fl 9.5 OR7
57 W ashington.— 3,659 3,630 178 97 2,438 2,438 578 573 1,488 l) 849 4) 176
58 Oregon_______ 2,903 2,832 111 280 1,155 1,085 817 724 2,619 2,778 7) 943
59 California........ 6,550 6,579 293 460 1,546 1,625 3,075 2,968 3,946 5) 016 12)970
1 Jncludos crop land harvested, crop failure, idle or fallow land, and plowable pasture.
1 Includes crop land harvested and crop failure.
•Includes plowable pasture, woodland pasture, and other pasture.

ACREAGE OF FARMS 639
b y S t a t e s : 1929 a n d 1934
farms, see table 606
Bands of acres]
OTHER
PAS­
TU R E
e o n ,
WOODLAND
NOT
PASTURED
ALL OTirER
LAND IN
f a r m s
LAND AVAIL­
A B L E FOR
CROPS l
l a n d u s e d
FOR CROPS 2
TOTAL PAS­
TURE 3
TOTAL WOOD­
LAND *
&
x>
1834 1929 1934 1929 1934 1929 1934 1920 1934 1629 1034 m o 1934
§
811, 020 6 4 ,6 2 4 7 7 ,3 7 9 44,7 5 7 43,901 522,3 9 6 513,914 3 7 1 ,9 4 9 8 5 9 ,3 0 0 464,1 5 5 617,900 149,940 185,475 1
2 ,0 7 2 3 ,2 5 3 3, 819 749 812 4 ,9 7 9 5,041 3 ,7 0 0 4 ,0 7 2 6 ,2 6 7 6 ,4 2 9 6 ,4 0 0 7, 639 2
431 1 ,3 6 2 1 ,4 7 0 239 231 1, 061 1,632 1 ,3 1 0 1 ,3 9 3 1 ,0 3 8 ,1,570 2,241 2 ,4 2 8 3
200 406 598 no 94 529 541 384 448 933 961 1 ,0 7 2 1 ,2 7 4 4
916 480 488 90 101 1 ,4 0 2 1,355 1 ,0 8 0 1 ,1 1 9 2 ,1 9 2 2 ,3 2 1 1 ,5 0 4 1 ,0 7 1 5
217 518 038 170 195 720 756 484 555 753 740 863 1 ,0 2 8 6
33 84 112 27 22 103 104 57 67 100 94 122 149 7
269 308 613 113 168 558 053 384 490 051 744 599 990 8
1 ,3 4 8 S, 94S 4 .6 7 4 1,933 2 ,1 1 9 21, 308 20,946 1 4 ,6 0 0 1 5 ,1 4 4 12,210 12, 504 7 ,2 7 6 8 ,0 4 4 9
3 ,4 9 2 1 ,0 8 5 2 .0 6 1 840 865 1 0 ,5 3 0 30,306 7 ,1 2 8 7 ,5 0 5 7 ,3 0 0 7 ,5 2 0 3 ,6 3 4 4 ,0 2 2 10
115 232 303 190 212 1 ,1 8 5 1,230 7 97 868 340 343 279 356 11
1 ,7 4 0 2 ,0 2 6 2 ,3 0 9 894 1,041 9, 593 9 ,4 0 9 6 ,7 3 5 6 ,7 7 1 4 ,5 7 6 4 ,0 4 2 3 ,3 6 3 3 ,6 6 6 12
1 0 ,3 6 4 4 ,5 0 8 5 ,1 4 1 6 ,6 1 6 6 ,9 7 8 7 8 ,0 6 0 79,941 5 8 ,2 3 9 5 9 ,2 6 5 3 6 ,3 1 8 4 0 ,0 7 8 17,075 19, 674 13
2, 874 920 1 ,1 0 9 1 ,2 8 7 1 ,3 8 1 1 5 ,0 3 2 15,445 1 0 ,3 4 2 1 0 ,6 1 6 8 ,0 3 8 8 ,8 3 8 2 ,7 7 4 3 ,1 5 9 14
1 ,3 0 2 780 972 1 ,2 2 4 1 ,3 0 4 1 4 ,5 3 2 14,789 1 0 ,5 6 2 1 0 ,4 9 7 5 ,9 5 6 6 ,3 4 6 2 ,6 1 9 3 ,0 6 4 15
902 732 864 1,216 1,452 2 5 ,2 3 2 25,183 1 9 ,6 5 9 1 9 ,3 0 1 7 ,6 0 7 8 ,1 9 5 2 ,7 4 2 3 .1 2 3 16
1 ,4 6 6 825 933 1,308 1 ,3 6 1 1 1 ,1 6 8 11,817 7 ,9 3 5 8 ,6 0 4 5 ,8 9 2 6 ,5 8 6 3 ,2 3 5 3 ,8 1 6 17
2 ,8 2 1 1 ,2 0 5 1 ,2 6 3 1 ,5 8 0 1 ,4 2 0 12,100 12,707 9 ,7 4 1 1 0 ,2 4 8 8 ,8 2 3 1 0 ,1 1 5 5 ,7 0 6 6 ,5 1 2 18
Oil, 347 4 ,4 9 8 4 ,7 7 5 12,491 11, 639 184,6 9 1 179,115 142,7 7 8 1 3 1 ,1 4 9 9 8 ,2 1 4 107,912 17,759 19,9 7 7 19
2 ,4 9 5 1 ,0 9 0 1 ,2 1 4 2 ,0 8 5 2 , 15G 2 1 ,7 4 0 22,790 1 8 ,7 0 0 1 9 ,0 3 0 8 ,2 4 8 8,9 3 7 4 ,7 4 0 5 ,3 8 3 20
3, 238 244 252 1 ,5 2 8 1 ,8 2 5 2 7 ,7 2 0 26,984 2 2 ,5 0 8 2 0 ,0 3 0 9,506 11,068 2 ,2 1 4 2 ,3 1 2 21
2, 243 2 ,4 3 8 2 ,5 1 8 1 ,3 6 2 1,382 22, 064 22,521 1 3 ,9 8 1 13,004 14,297 1 6 ,5 3 7 7 ,7 0 0 8 ,9 0 3 22
9 ,3 9 9 158 147 3 ,2 1 3 2, OOS 27, 711 27,1 3 6 2 2 ,1 0 9 19, 237 10,7 5 9 12,' 50C 558 675 23
1 3 ,5 6 8 96 103 1 ,4 5 5 1,130 2 4 ,7 1 0 21,772 1 8 ,4 3 0 14,640 15,917 18,446 491 630 24
1 8 ,9 4 2 143 143 1 .4 2 4 1,372 20, 504 25,362 21, 759 20, 430 20,7 9 8 2 2 ,3 8 5 941 934 25
1 2 ,4 7 3 328 398 1 ,4 2 5 1 ,7 6 4 33, 042 32,550 25, 270 2 4 ,0 9 9 18,687 1 7 ,9 7 8 1,110 1 ,2 3 3 26
6, 593 2 4 ,0 6 8 8 0 ,7S5 fi,834 4, 611 41, 862 42,972 28, 0B7 2 8 ,4 7 0 2 1 ,7 9 4 25, 542 33,7 3 5 4 2 ,8 1 2 27
22 188 226 86 84 587 580 416 394 123 107 204 235 28
214 1 ,0 0 8 1 ,0 7 8 270 273 2, 668 2,633 1 ,7 0 0 1 ,6 9 7 959 95C 1,213 1 ,2 6 4 29

6 4 0 FABMS— GENERAL STATISTICS’
No. 6 0 7 .— F aiim P no pert y— V alue, by
N ot*.—The schedule tor 1935 did not call tor the value ot land and buildings separately or tor the value
previous issues ot
[ All amounts in
DIVISION AND STATE
VALUE OF ALL FARM
PROPERTY
VALUE O F LAND AND B U IL D IN G S
VALUE
OF LA N D
1939 1925 1930 1930 m s 1930 1985
1920
United States.. _ 77,92S, 052 57,017,740 57,245, 644 66,316,000 40, 467,647 47, 879, 638 32,858,844 54,829,668
Hew England.............
Maine...................
New Hampshire__
Vermont........... ......
Massachusetts____
Rhode Island..........
Connecticut..____
Middle Atlantio.
New York__
New Jersey...
Pennsylvania.
East .Worth Central__
Ohio.........................
Indiana...................
Illinois.....................
Michigan________
Wisconsin...............
West North Central...
Minnesota........ ......
Iowa........................1
Missouri___ _____
North Dakota........
South Dakota.........
Nebraska............
Kansas________
South Atlantio___ _
Delaware.._____
Maryland________
Dlst. ot Columbia..
Virginia_______
W est V irg in ia -
North Carolina..
South Carolina..
Goorgia_____—
Florida.— .........
East South Central___
K entucky...._____
Tennessee________
Alabama.._______
Mississippi_______
West South Central__
Arkansas____ :____
Louisiana________
Oklahoma________
Texas___________
Mountain........
Montana___
Idaho.............
W yom ing...
Oolorado___
New Mexico.
Arizona____
Utah______
Nevada____
Pacific____...
Washington.
Oregon........ .
California...
1,173 , 0 20
270, 527
118,656
222, 737
300, 472
33, 037
220, 992
3,949,684
1,908,483
311, 848
1,729, 353
1,001,845
245,809
107,084
180,912
203,405
S3,446
230,829
3,478,716
1,706,930
311,084
1,460,702
1,160, S 53
248,090
99, 601
202,839
303,837
41, 111
200, 209
3,602,634
1,711,762
355,388
1, 535,484
017, 460
204,109
89, 990
159,117
247,588
26,388
190,271
3,002,138
1,425,002
250, 324
1,326,762,
17, 245, 383 12,592,969 11,116,009 14,937,642
3,095, 060 2,230,902 2,012,937 2,061,436
3, 042,311 1,931,742 1, 677,093 2,653, 644
6, 660, 707 4,027,905 3,786,061 5,097,904
1,763,338 1,523,977 1,428,817 1,436, 686
2,877, 283 2,272,402 2,209,601 2,187,882
906, 627
197,270
80,033
137* 271
254,603
27,920
201,931
2, 799, 834
1,307,125
262,537
1,170,172
11,023, 659
1,945, 631
1, 095,741
4, 190,459
1,284,062
1,898,700
27,001,035 18,876,178 IS, 148,431 24,469,495 16, 630,891
3,787,420 2,701,684 2,008,124 3,301,168 2 , 393,7 4 2
8,524,471 5,602,078 4,002,485 7,601,772i 4 , 0 5 4 , 4 4 0
3,501,008 2,286,639 2, 149,429 3,002,088 2,003, 2 8 6
1,750,743 1,191,037' 1,180,060 1.488,621 1, 020,103
2,823,870 1,058,921 1,570,241 2,472,894 1,437,288
4,201,650 2,874,478 2,934,898 3,712,108 2,524,074
3,302,800 2,504,340 2,695,695 2,830,064 2,197,962
6,132,918
80,138
463,638
5,028
1,196,556
496,440
1,260,107
953,065
1,350,685
330,302
4,419,417
1,511,001
1,251,910
690,849
964,752
7,822,066
024,395
589,827
1,600,424
4,447,420
4,088, 188
986,961
716,138
334,411
1,076, 796
325,186
233, 593
311, 276
99,780
6,807,011
1,057,430
818,600
8,431,022
4,659,177
72,798
397,093
5,003
999,406
411,169
1,050,016
623,084
686,673
513,884
2,893,526
963,509
883,646
500,740
560,671
5,698,760
628,846
385,911
1,210,135
3,471,867
2,758,218
574,897
45], 885
240,396
712,285
236,301
194,049
260,318
98,086
4,962,884
823,438
714,410
3,424,788
4,471,400
83,272
425,248
7,340
992,825
411,787
065,351
439,680
683,435
402,460
3,227,571
1,020,613
898,843
Oil, 301
692,814
6,863,760
849,877
501,826
1,477,741
4,234,316
3,962,165
708,804
528,914
305,587
705,387
293,138
243,458
289,118
07,189
5,399,231
887,834
765,897
3, 765,500
6,201,773
64,756
386,597
5,577
1,024,436
410,783
1,076,393
813,484
1,138,299
281,449
8,663,693
1, 305,150
1,024, 980
543,658,
789, 897
6,291,188
753,111
474,039
1,363,866
3,700,173
3,183,188
776,768
581,'612
234,748
880,014
221,814
172,325
248,752
66,256
4, 662,417
920,302
675,213
3,073,811
4,003,944
59, 076
341,301
4,795
880,814
356,164
920,026
467,022
687, 654
478,942
2, 480, 830
347.420
769.420
414,859,
450,118
4,959,433
540,727
324, 678
1,048,767
3,045,271
2,172, 282
456,395
373,828
172,076
592,465
174,917
144,014
192,201
67,997
4,495,447
720,800
616,089
8,152,488
940, 713
194, 280
77,3 as
145, 936
201,222
34, 508
227,413
2,817,767
1,316,905
298,845
1,203,018
0,336, 791
1,693, 031
1,415, 542
3,336, 049
1,160, 652
1,731,517
15,158, 530
2,125,093
4,224, 506
1,706,247
051,226
1,285,154
2,495,203
2,281,102
3,862,070
66,942
356,170
7,144
855,850
341,976
844,122
379,191
677, 338
423, 346
2, 635, 364
871,440
743,222
502,371
608, 322
5, BOB, 151
647,828
418,192
1,242,724
3,697,4,07
2,458,482
527, QlO
417, 250
200, 852
020, 347
207,869
184,231
221,223
84, 111
4,823,961
778, 663
630,828
3,419,471
901,271
143,539
66,937
115,996
255, 677
35,238
283,884
2,141,412
1,045,392
234,313
801,707
6, 596,844
1,277,650
1,040, 238
2, 205,900
820,261
1,240,889
9,385,141
1,383,072
2,462,313
1,099,281
707,139
601,863
1,662,813
1,478,869
2,791,939
61,470
242,714
7,183
593,855
237,644
622,719
285, 616
429,755
321,078
1,918,218
620,409
655,751
368,220
870,839
4,829,702
376,088
295,515
784,394
2,573,705
1, 772,489
375,841
307,395
100,774
418,758
170,150
132,050
158,303
42, 560
3,824, 878
550,720
448,712
2,325,446
488,125
114,412
47, 425
82, 038
127, 654
14, 509
101,187
1,661, 676
793,336
142,182
726,158
12,048,074
2,015,113
2, 202, 508
5,250,295
959,187
1, 618,913
21,340,146
2,750,328
6,679,021
2,694,193
1,279, 314
2,231,432
3,330,222
2,476,635
4,000,882
42,118
259,904
4,158
756,354
307,310
867,816
047,157
807,446
228, 426
2,916,141
1, 050, 763
807,782
416,704
641,842
6,408, 080
607,773
383, 018
1,171,459
3,245,200
VXA
511, see
210, 047
703,723
196, 341
156, 563
210, 998
59, 362
4,188, 948
797, 651
580, 242
2, 783, 056
fig u re s for 1926 include the value of livestock not reported, estimated at $29,162,000; figures for 1930
exclude the value of poultry other than chickens over 3 months old; figures for 1935 exclude the value of
asses and burros, poultry other than chickens and turkeys over 3 months old, a u d bees.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1935, Vol. III.

Class, b y Status: 1920, 1925, and 1930
VALUE OF FAEM PROPERTY 641
of im p le m e n ts a n d m a c h in e ry .
th is o u b lic a tio n
thousands of dollars]
T h e v a lu e o f b u ild in g s is s h o w n fo r 1920, 1925, a n d 1930 in th e 1935 a n d
VALUE OF LAND—
COll.
Value of
farm
operators'
dwellings,
1930
VALUE OF IMPLEMENTS
AND MACHINEIIY
VALUE OF LIVESTOCK I
1925 1930 1920 1933 1830 1930 1925 1930 1935
DIVISION
AND
STATE
87,781,018 34,929,845 7,083,530 3,594,773 2,691, 7043,301,854 8,012, 876 4, 858, 389 8,004,051 3,418,610 u . s.
413,938 440, 972 277,132 82,388 82, 334 91, 881 163,103 103, 684 123,759 80,106 K. E.
97,524 95, 621 56,541 26,038 24, 491 28, 383 39, 780 24,108 20,034 is, m Me.
37,226 32,179 25,902 9.499 8, 988 A912 19,161 11,463 13,334 8,121 N. H.
63,865 03,019 42,990 21, 234 18,130 20, 767 42, 385 25, 511 30,130 21,002 Vt.
110,437 118,200 78,070 19,36C 17, 044 18, 736 33, 524 21,758 23,884 17,361
13,543 16,614 9,849 2,400 2,064 2,718 4,840 3,462 3,888 2,460 R. I.
91,337 1X4,739 63,766 13,248 11, 610 12, 371 23, 473 17,282 20,485 15,177 Conn.
1,382,457 1,282,272 800,028 359,152 333,490 366,438 588, 394 345, 393 420,427 272,602 M. A.
646, 980 500, 085 360,894 169,867 100,385 173,600 313,555 170,416 222,261 136,101 N. Y.
130,331 152,491 81,667 25,459 23,462 27r 076 30,005 25,095 20,466 23,778 N. J.
555,146 529,690 351,467 163,826 140,652 154,756 238,775 149,878 177,710 112,723 Pa.
7,909,004 6,169, 652 1,001,716 780,077 567,871 626.208 1, 621,644 1,001,458 1,153,010 085,635 E.N.O.
1, 299,024 1,032,210 355,008 146,575 97,893 103, m 287, 655 193,373 210.730 137,944 Obio.
1, 268,777 958,634 246,667 127,403 79,740 86, 778 261, 264 150,262 175,672 113,518
3,420,455 2, 555,100 380,688 222,620 147,104 160,413 440, 164 281,402 290,199 182,491 111.
704,871 638,023 270,241 122,3QC 06,253 105, 562 204, 259 143.662 102,604 97,884
1, 209,878 985, 585 843, 122 167,089 146,883 170, 279 322, 312 220, 754 307,805 153,798 Wis.
18,803,048 11, 643, 370 1,784,992 1,162,938 816,333 1,001,603 2, 358, 601 1, 531. 954 1,896,299 872,211 W. N. 0.
1, 796, G0C 1,453,9CC 315,743 181,088 137.966 181, 767 305,104 226.977 301,203 146,448
3,969,814 3,186, DSC 475,398 309,172 227,282 270, 510 613, 526 420. 34E 407,463 237,083
I, 562,725 1,305, 949 281,328 138, 261 75,955 94, 522 380,839 207,398 258.661 129,055
813, 722 720, 077 109,806 114,187 76,031 118, 744 157, 035 94,303 116,690 64,518 N. D,
1,201,015 1,033,288 119,063 112,408 75,411 107,344 238, 508 146,222 180,744 03,137 S. D.
2,125,792 2, 048,064 222,569 153,104 111, 799 ISO, 925 336, 444 238, 005 288,770 125.772 ISJebr.
1,833,379 1,894,452 211,085 154,717 111, 288 107, 785 318, 025 195,100 246, 708 116,198 Kans.
3,980,771 2, 678,136 828,804 288, 981 195,636 202,947 647,103 564, 594 410, 376 321,225 S. A.
34,435 35,230 17,370 0,781 5.906 7,285 8,601 7.217 9,045 5,112 Del.
207,274 108,454 88,617 28,970 22,885 25,682 48, 071 32,846 43,395 25,444 Md.
3,564 6,140 437 304 108 93 246 100 109 66 D. O.
000,676 533,908 209,084 50,151 40.021 44,310 121,069 72.031 92,660 57,186 Va.
251,793 222, 764 77,776 18,305 15,687 15,208 67,261 39, 319 54,544 29,584 W.Va.
686,425 573,758 182,523 54, 621 46,437 42,212 119,153 77,554 70,018 74,441 N. C.
347,087 200,135 81,983 48, 002 23,105 21,425 91, 518 42,357 39, 005 39,252 s. c .
433,649 394,892 123,456 63,343 26,986 31,217 155,043 72,133 74,880 70,316 Ga.
415,860 352,8 5 5 47,558 13,552 14, 504 15,446 35,301 20,439 23,603 19,824 Fla.
1, 887,823 1, 875,271 534,557 176,005 123, 550 157,469 579,069 2B4,147 384,748 277,197 E. S. 0,
016,214 594, 982 163,758 48, 355 30,620 36,547 158,387 85.513 121,618 80,037 Ey.
655,943 515,651 147,879 53, 463 40,746 45,758 173,473 83,473 104,862 74,773 Tenn.
308,064 364,039 104, 900 34, 360 23,851 33,545 112,825 52,031 75.385 62,070 Ala.
347,002 410, 599 117, 051 39,881 28,323 41,609 134,974 63,120 82.883 60,317 Miss.
4, 176, 664 4, 815, 689 644,404 311, 090 252,866 330,385 1,019,779 484,430 721,275 426,015 W. S. 0.
420,735 407,920 94, 842 43, 432 31,255 33,116 127,853 56,855 OS, 033 50,24C A r k ,
251,738 313, 568 72,097 32,715 21,333 28,174 83,073 39,900 55,460 43,931 La.
879,335 1, 031, 251 126,457 80, 631 58,379 92.858 216,928 102,908 142,160 85,370 Okla.
2,625,157 3, 002,870 351,008 154,321 141,899 182,187 592,926 284,698 464,722 240,473 Tex.
I, 838,980 2,038, 108 238,756 190,716 120, 257 210,044 ■729,234 455.077 592,728 283,787 Mt.
389, 514 442,941 43,226 55,004 30,633 62,070 154,19C 88,860 118, 684 60,025 Mont.
309,769 340,256 46,544 38,417 26, 526 39,74S 96,20E 52,033 71,916 38,912 Idaho.
148,168 174, 464 J5,800 11,778 9,172 17,013 87,885 58,548 82i 117 38,127 Wyo.
493,974 610,955 64,389 49.805 33,473 SO, 241 160,977 80,357 115,799 55.213 Colo.
152,033 180, 721 16, 516 9,745 8,712 12,997 93,626 52,671 72,282 31,072 N. M.
126,788 100,854 14,336 8,821 0, 928 10,414 52,447 43,107 48,813 21,173 Ariz,
159,703 174,341 32.200 13,515 10,007 13,630 54,008 48, 019 64,258 24,98G Utah,
59, 031 53,666 5,580 3,631 3,715 4,219 20,894 26,374 28,860 13,698 Nev.
3, 878, 038 4,086,475 423,147 232,358 190,366 228,839 405,237 276,822 346,430 199,733 Pac,
584,380 608,373 93,476 54,721 41, 235 50,512 82.310 55, 313 63,660 42,837 Wash.
505,141 501,947 72,628 41, 567 35,043 42,586 101,779 62. 699 82,483 47,805 Oreg.
2,788,611 2,976, 155 267,043 136, 009 113,488 135,741 221,141 158,810 200,288 309,091 C alif.

6 4 2 FARMS'— GENERAL STATISTICS'
No. 608.— F a r m s — N u m b e r a n d A c r e a g e , b y S iz e G r o u p s : 1900 t o 1935
1900 1910 1930 1925 1930 1900 1910 1030 1925 1930
SIZE OF FARM
Number of farms
Percent distribution of
number of farms
Total________ 5,737,372 0,301, 502 6,448,343 8,371,040 8,288,048 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Under 3 acres______
3 to 9 acres_________
10 to 19 acres...............
20 to 49 acres...............
50 to 99 acres.—.........
100 to 499 acres...........
100 to 174 acres........
175 to 259 acres........
260 to 499 acres.......
500 to 999 acres...........
1.000 acres and over..
Total_________
Under 3 acres........... ..
3 to 9 acres.................
10 to 19 acres...........
20 to 49 acres...... ........
50 to 99 acres...... ........
100 to 499 acres_____
100 to 174 acres........
175 to 259 acres____
260 to 409 acres____
500 to 909 acres...........
1.000 acres and over..
41,385
225,844
406, G41
1,257,496
1,366,038
2,290,282
1,422,262
400,069
377,951
102,526
47,160
18,033
317,010
504,123
1,414,376
1,438,069
2,494,461
1,510,286
534,191
443,984
125,295
50,135
20,350
268,422
607,763
1,503,732
1,474,745
2,456,107
1,449,630
530,800
475,677
149,819
67,405
15,151
363,384
588,049
1,450,643
1,421,078
2,326,155
1,383,777
503,417
438,961
143,852
63,328
All land in farms (thousands of acres)
43,007
315,497
559,617
1,440,388
1,374,965
2,314,858
1,342,927
520,593
451,338
159,696
80,620
.7 .3
3.9 6.0
7.1 7.9
21.9 22.2
23.8 22.6
30.9 39.2
24.8 23.8
8.5 8.4
6.6 7.0
1.8 2.0
.8 .8
.3
4.2
7.9
23.3
22.9
38.1
22.6
8.2
7.4
2.3
1.0
.2
5.7
9.2
22.8
22.3
36.5
21.7
7.9
6.9
2.3
1.0
.7
5.0
8.9
22.9
21.9
36.8
21.4
8.3
7.2
2.5
1.3
Percent distribution of land
in farms
838, Bffi 878,798, 955,884 924,319 980,771 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
79
1,399
6,703
41,536
98,592
425,635
192,680
103,282
120,672
67,804
107,784
| 8,794
45,378
103,121
470,770
205,481
} 265, 289
J 83,653
167,082
1 34
\ 1,507
[ 7,087
48,466
105, 631
471,488
194,081
I 112,563
I 164,244
100,976
220, 030
23
2,074
8,060
46,405
101,906
443,912
185,708
106,473
151,731
97,468
224,472
61
1,847
7,789
46,252
98,685
447,000
180,214
110,265
156,522
108,024
276,213
ms *
(,?2
.7
5.0
11.8
50.8
23.0
12.3
16.6
8.1
23:6
I 1'0
6.2
11.7
53.6
23.4
|30, 2
9.5
19.0
{•? 5.1
11.1
49.3
20.4
fll.8
117.2
10.0
23.1
(0 .2
.9
5.0
11.0
48.0
20.1
11.5
16.4
10.5
24.3
(') .2
.8
4.7
10.0
45.3
18.3
11.2
15.0
11.0
28.0
SIZE OF FARM
Number
of farms
All land
In farms
(1,000
acres)
Land Cropland
availble
for harvested
crops3
(1,000 (1,000
acres) acres)
Crop
failure
(1,000
acres)
Number
of
farms
Porcent distribution
All
land
in
farms
Land
available
for
crops
Cropland
harvested
Crop
failure
Total_____________ 0,812,860 1,064, 515 513,914 296,624 63,682 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Under 3 acres...................... 35,573 51 29 26 (3) .5 ( 0 (i) 0 ) 0 )
3 to 9 acres_____________ 535,258 3, 006 2,232 1,717 70 7.9 .3 .4 .6 .1
10 to 19 acres___________ 683,452 9 360 7,545 6,231 182 10.0 .9 1.5 2.1 .3
20 to 40 acres___________ 1,440,143 46 694 32,983 25,261 983 21.1 4.4 6.4 8.6 1.5
20 to 20 acres__________ 557,979 12, 903 10,035 8,144 248 8.2 1.2 2.0 2.8 „ 4
30 to 40 acres_________ 882,164 33 m 22,949 17,117 734 12.9 3.2 4.5 5.8 1 .2
50 to 99 acres___________ 1,444,007 104. 016 64,763 44,678 2,584 21.2 9.9 12.6 15.1 4,1
50 to 69 acres__________ 581.352 33, 505 21,281 14, 956 069 8.5 3.2 4.1 5.1 1 .0
70 to 99 acres__________ 862,655 70, 511 43,482 29,722 1,915 12,7 6.7 8.5 10.1 3.0
100 to 174 acres__________ 1,404,297 188, 859 116,914 76,243 9,402 20.6 17.9 22.7 25.8 14.8
100 to 139 acres 754,076 80, 884 52,334 35,168 2,322 11.1 8.2 10.2 11.9 3.6
140 to 174 acres________ 650,221 101, 975 64,679 41,075 7,080 9.5 9.7 12.0 13.9 1 1 .1
175 to 250 a c re s ,_______ 540,267 114, 408 09,902 44,675 0,370 7,9 10.8 13.6 15.1 1 0 ,0
175 to 179 acres________ 33, 720 5, 946 3,480 2,248 246 .5 .6 ,7 .8 A.
180 to 219 acres________ 294,309 58, 037 34,689 22, 409 2,634 4.3 5.5 6.7 7.6 4.1
220 to 259 acres________ 212,238 50, 424 81,787 20,018 3,490 3.1 4.8 6 .2 6 .8 5.5
260 to 499 aores................... 478,239 164 268 100,505 52,794 19,209 6.9 15.6 19.6 17.9 30.2
260 to 379 acres________ 338,478 105, 288 64,970 35,645 11,343 5.0 10.0 12.6 12.1 17.8
380 to 499 acres________ 134,761 58, 981 35,535 17,149 7,866 2 .0 5.6 6.9 5.8 12.4
600 to 999 acres_____ ____ 167,452 114, 244 69,731 24,202 14,592 2.5 10.8 1 1 .6 8 .2 22. 9
600 to 699 acres_______ 106,377 63, 475 33,3G0 14,122 7,974 1.0 6.0 6. 5 4.8 19 5
700 to 999 acres_______ 61,075 50, 709 26,371 10,140 6,618 .9 4.8 6.1 3.4 1 0 4-
1,000 acres and over______ 88,662 309, 7U1 59,250 19,736 10,289 1.3 29.4 11.6 6.7 1ft 9.
1,000 to 4,999 acres_____ 77,825 141, 707 47,231 16,067 9,316 1.1 13.4 9.2 5.6 1 4 ft
5,000 to 9,999 acres, .. — 6,208 42, 254 5,302 1,568 540 .1 4.0 1.0 .5
10,000 acres and over___ 4,629 125, (W0 0,657 1,502 433 .1 11.9 1.3 . 6 .7
*Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
1 See note 1, table 606.
3 Less than 500 acres.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tbo Census; Agriculture Reports, 1935, Vol, III.

SIZE OP FARM® 643
No. 6 0 9 .— F a r m s— N u m b e r , b y S iz e G r o u p s , b y S t a t e s : 1935
DIVISION AND STATE
Total
number
of farms
Under
20
acres
20 to 49
acres
60 to 99
acres
100 to 174
acres
175 to
259
acres
200 to
499
acres
500 to
099
acres
1,000
acres
and
over
United States____ 6,812,350 1,254,283 1,440,143 1,444,007 1,404,297 540,267 473,289 167,452 88,662
New England.............. 188, 241 38,326 28,838 34,487 82,075 14,066 8,674 1,854 424
Maine....................... 41,907 4,443 6, 221 12,123 11,782 4,487 2,316 444 91
New Hampshire___ 17,696 2,909 3,070 4,179 3,930 1,879 1,278 354 96
Vermont.................. 27,061 3,725 2, 692 4,441 7, 533 4,002 3,360 616 91
Massachusetts____ 35,094 13,842 8,023 6, 453 4,079 1,510 892 218 71
Khode Island-------- 4,327 1,459 974 939 617 185 98 37 18
Connecticut......... — 32,157 11,947 7, 355 6, 352 4,134 1,397 730 J86 57
Middle Atlantic_____ 397,684 76,710 65, 586 108,103 100, 060 32, 884 14, 266 1,722 857
New York............. 177,025 29,906 24, 930 43, 409 48, 390 19, 598 9,530 lj 075 187
New Jersey-.........— 20,375 10,424 6,171 5,942 4, 962 1, 266 463 88 59
Pennsylvania.......— 10.1, 284 36,380 34,485 56, 752 40, 714 12,020 4,203 559 111
East North Central___ 1,083,687 134,063 166, 398 299,851 309, 713 112, 953 54,220 5, 735 764
Ohio........ —..........— 255,146 45,055 42,002 75, 470 65, 492 18, 716 7,345 ‘ 868 108
Indiana— .............. 200,835 28,540 33, 202 55, 669 54, 248 19,010 0,095 1,049 122
Illinois.-................. 231, 312 25,237 25, 612 44, 511 72, 420 38, 562 22,567 2,185 212
Michigan_________ 196,517 21,751 40, 091 63,900 50,105 13, 765 5,421 703 181
"Wisconsin................ 199,877 13,480 24, 801 60, 401 67, 442 22,900 9,792 930 131
West North Central__ 1, 179,856 90, 341 98, 484 172, 093 349, 586 173, 858 204,947 66,644 23, 303
Minnesota............ — 203, 302 12,666 19, 306 36,843 09, 44C 34, 336 20,958 3, 455 ' 300
Iowa.................. ....... 221, 98fi 28,812 13,812 34, 285 84, 917 42, 342 25, 610 2,047 151
Missouri................... 278,454 30,822 46,202 64,629 76,787 34, 273 22,163 3,872 025
North Dakota____ 84,G0C 1,935 1,418 1,865 13, 490 5, 625 35,133 19j891 5, 9150
South D akota--___ 83,303 2, CSC 1,78£ 3,14C 19,810 9,784 28,678 11,864 5, 550
Nebraska.......... — 133,616 8,348 4, SOt 10,707 41, 722 22,543 28, filt 10,400 fit 324
Kansas................. 174, 589 15,089 11,060 21,174 44,402 24,955 37,790 IB) 025 Si 094
South Atlantic_______ 1,147,133 254,240 323,805 278, 387 174, 731 62,312 38,487 11,352 3,863
Delaware.................. 10,381 1,793 2,174 2, 903 2, 262 824 363 62 10
M aryland................ 44,412 9,534 8,072 9, 029 10,087 4,291 2,326 398 75
Dist. of Columbia— 89 6C 21 2 2 2 1 1
Virginia.................... 197,632 52, 585 44,088 43, 045 31, 605 13,1GG 8,847 2,615 691
West Virginia.......... 104,747 23,045 22, 639 27, 56C 18,994 6,995 4,183 1,121 310
North Oarolina........ 300,967 72,530 94, 438 76, 037 39, 292 11,377 5,836 1,441 410
South Carolina____ 165,504 41,547 53, 245 37,134 20,164 0,690 4, 568 1', 540 607
Georgia................. 250, 544 25,989 75, 341 71,143 45, 623 16,789 10,742 3; 587 1,330
Florida..................... 72,857 27,163 22, 987 11,284 0, 612 2,178 1,621 588 424
East South Central___ 1,137, 219 307, 136 350, 536 242, 224 146, 407 46, 637 28,144 7,676 2, 560
K entucky............... 278,208 73, 831 62, 791 70, 44C 47,189 14,733 7,656 l! 525 ' 333
Tennessee............... 273,783 09,807 77, 620 00, 46C 38, 909 12, 359 6,805 1,458 309
Alabama.................. 273,455 54,891 106, 638 60, 052 31,94S 9,874 6,471 2,067 914
Mississippi.......... 311,683 108, 807 109, 480 44, 682 28, 301 9,571 7,212 2,626 1,004
West South Central__ 1,137,571 196, 578 296, 349 240,996 220, 981 71, 600 67, 579 25,741 17,747
Arkansas.................. 253,013 61,767 80,806 53,174 33,893 9, 564 5,767 1, 529 514
Louisiana________ 170,216 55,70G 70, 718 23, 621 11, 450 3, G9£ 2,946 1,252 817
Oklahoma................ 213,325 17,020 84,785 49,07S 00,809 10,743 21,162 5,647 2,075
Texas____________ 501,017 62,079 104,041 115,123 108, 820 41, 595 37,705 17,313 14;341
Mountain___________ 271,302 47,455 32, 017 31, 312 40,693 14,410 40, 7GB 35,412 26,464
M ontana......... ....... 60,564 2,501 2,147 2,920 6, 699 2,570 11,354 11,628 10', 785
Idaho....................... 45,113 5,823 8, 353 9, 703 8, 908 3, 289 4,808 2,751 1,388
Wyoming................ 17,487 707 058 1, 278 2,506 907 2,960 3,850 4,656
Colorado.................. 63,644 8,498 5,106 6,348 11,250 3,028 13,748 9,290 6,476
New Mexico______ 41,369 13,197 6,166 2,963 4,851 1, 284 4, 596 5,412 3,001
Arizona.................... 18,824 7, 645 3,661 2,085 2,231 504 877 927 ' 994
U tah........................ 30, 695 8,568 7,280 5,501 3, 769 1, 614 1,871 1,198 888
Nevada............. ...... 3,696 456 640 614 570 254 400 356 497
Pacific__________ . . . 299, 567 109,429 71,733 38,004 30,046 11,647 16,223 11,316 11,170
Washington____ 84,381 33, 655 20,181 10,59 E 8.308 2,927 4,446 3,396 2,869
Oregon___________ 64,826 17, 200 13,292 10,284 9,636 3, 698 4,067 3,007 3,046
California............... 150,360 60, 568 38,260 17,121 12,101 5,022 7,120 4,913 5,255
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1935 ,Vol. III.

6 4 4 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS'
No. 610.— Farms— Num ber and A creage, by C o lo r and T e n u r e or
O perators: 1900 t o 1935
N o t e .— "W hite” includes Mexicans and Hindus. “ Colored” includes Negroes, Indians, Chinese, Japanese,
and other nonwhite races. Leaders indicate that data are not available
COLOR AND TENURE Off OPERATOR
11)09 1010 1020 1925 1930 1035
Number of farms
All farm operators_________ 5,737,372 6,861,502 6,118,319 6,371,640 6,288,618 6,812, 360
Owners—........—-............................. 3, 053,323 3,948,722 3,925, 090 3,808,332 3,508,394 3,899,001
Full owners______________— 3,201,917 3,354,897 3,306,510 3,313,490 2,911,644 3,210,224
Part owners------------------------- 451,370 503,825 658,580 651,812 060,760 688,867
Managers_____________________ 59,085 68,101 08,410 10,700 55,889 48,104
Tenants___ — ___ -____________ 2,021,901 2, 361, 070 2,464,804 2,402, 608 2,664,305 2,805, 156
712,294 180, 009 393,452 489,210
1, Q42,352 1,974,795 2, 009,150 2,175,155
White operators_________________ 4.909,608 5.440.619 6,198,161 >5, 540,186 5,372, 678 6,066,796
Owners_____ ______ _________ 3,446,800 3,707,501 3.691,808 33,673,792 3,306, 074 3.087,607
Pull owners_____________ 3,025,931 3,159,088 3,174,109 23,153,830 2. 752, 787 3,030,910
Part owners_____ _______ 120,876 618,413 617,759 a 519,953 612,887 660,787
Managers__________________ 57,261 56,560 GO. 223 2 40, 033 62,707 46,914
1,166,611 1,676,558 1,710,363 21,820,360 1.954,137 2,222,184
447,851 373,836 * 311,092 387,834
1,228,707 1,306,528 21,511,008 1,606,303
Colored operators___ ___________ 767,761 920,883 819,889 3 831,465 910,070 856, 566
Owners........ ......................... .... 206,517 241,221 233,222 a 194,540 202,720 211,391
176,010 195,809 192,401 3 159,651 168,857 173,314
Part owners_____________ 30,501 45,412 40,821 3 34,889 43,863 38,080
Managers------- -------------------- 1,824 1,514 2,226 3 667 3,122 1,190
T enants...____ ____________ 559,423 078,118 714,441 3 030,248 710,228 042,971
201,113 100,174 378y700 101,376
413,675 008,207 3 557,488 008,862
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
All form operators________ _ 109.9 100.0 100.0 m o 100.0 100.0
Owners......................... ..................... 63.7 62.1 00.9 00.7 56.7 67.2
Full owners________________ 55.8 52.7 52.2 62.0 46.3 47.1
Part owners_____________. . . . 7.9 9.3 8.7 8.7 10.4 10.1
Managers_________________ ____ 1.0 .9 1.1 .6 .9 .7
Tenants_____ _________________ 35.3 37.0 38.1 38.6 42.4 42.1
White operators_____ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 >100.0 100.0 m o
Owners------------ s.....------------- 69.4 68.1 67.1 260. 3 02.0 61.9
Full owners—..................... 00.9 68.1 67.7 2 50.0 51.2 61, 0
Part o w n ers................. 8.5 10.1 e.4 2 9.4 11.4 10,9
Managers—....... ........................ 1.2 1.0 1.2 '.7 1.0 ,8
Tenants............................... ... 29.5 30.8 31.7 233.0 30.4 37.3
Colored operators__. . . . . . . . . . . . . __ 100.0 100.0 100.0 *100.0 100.0 100.0
Owners—. ......... ................... — 26.9 26.2 24.0 3 23.4 22.1 24.7
Full owners.:....... ................ 22.9 21.3 20.3 310.2 17.8 20.3
Part owners.......................... 1.0 4.9 4:3 8 4.2 1.8 4,5
Managers______ _____ _____ .2 .2 .2 3.1 .3 .1
Tenants..................................... 72,9 73.6 75.2 3 70.5 77.6 75.2
All land in farms (thousands of acres)
All form operators_____ ____ 838,692 878,798 955,881 924,319 988,771 1,054,615
Owners_______ ______ _________ 650,010 698,565 630,775 616,336 618,376 057, 049
Full owners______________ _ 431,261 464,923 461,250 410,446 372,450 390,078
Part owners............................... 121,779 133,631 175,525 196,890 245,926 200, 071
Managers................ ............. ............. 87,518 63,731 54,129 43,097 61,086 00,004
Tenants.__________ . . . . . . ______ 196, 031 220,513 204,980 264,886 300, 409 330,802
706,820 832,160 910,939 945,683 1, 015,710
4ii 706 10, 632 44,945 41,088 38,806
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
All farm operators_____ ____ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 m o
Owners_________________ _____ 66.3 68.1 66.0 00.7 . 62.7 02.3
Full owners-_______________ 51.4 62.9 48.3 45.4 37.7 87.1
Part owners..._____________ 14.9 15.2 18,1 21.3 24.0 25.2
Managers............................... ........... 10.4 6.1 5.7 4.7 8.3 5.8
Tenants__________ _________ _ 23.3 25.8 27.7 28.7 31.1 31.9
>Standing renters (renters paying a fixed quantity of products) included with “ Gash tenants” in 1910;
with "Gash tenants" for the Northern nnd Western States, and with “ Other tonants” for tbo Southern
States in 1920; and with “ Other tenants” for all States in 1925 and 1930.
: Includes the few colored farmers in the North and West; data for these soctlons were not tabulated by
color and tenure.
»The South only (see noto"2 above).
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1935, Vol. III.

TENURE OF FARMS 645
No. 611.— F a r m s — N u m b e r , b y T e n u r e o f O p e r a t o r s , b y S t a t e s : 1930
a n d 1936
N o t e—For total number of farms (all tenures combined) see table 606
OWNERS
DIVISION AND
STATE All owners Full owners P art owners
MANAGERS
TENANTS
tr n m s i m 1935 1939 *035 1930 1935 1930 1935
United States_ 3, 568,394 3,899, 091 2, 911, 644 3, 210, 224 066,760 688, 867 55,889 48,104 2,664,305 2, 806,156
"New England......... 114,104 143,660 107,300 182,887 6,804 10,779 2,936 2, 365 7,885 12,210
Maine................. 36, 74S 38, 712 35, 468 36, 823 I, 280 2,889 503 312 1,755 2,883
New Hampshire. 13,756 16, 200 12,966 14,435 789 1,765 355 211 ‘ 796 1.284
Vermont............. 22,009 23,677 20,602 21,501 1,347 2,176 480 441 2,409 2, 943
Massachusetts... 23,198 32,116 21,410 30,168 1, 788 1, 958 958 814 I) 442 2,164
Rhode Island__ 2,808 3,635 2, 523 3, 239 286 396 99 95 415 ' 507
Connecticut....... 15,586 29,326 14, 271 27,731 1,316 1,595 541 492 1,008 2,330
Middle Atlantic__ 299,095 328,118 278,193 301,746 20,902 26,373 6,053 5,295 62,456 64,271
New York.......... 136,041 149,349 124, 200 133,740 11, 836 15, 603 2,662 2,574 21,113 25j 102
New Jersey......... 20,771 23, 582 10,504 22, 007 1, 207 1,576 659 551 3,948 5,242
Pennsylvania__ 142,283 155,187 134, 423 145,992 7,800 9,105 2,743 2,170 27,394 33, 927
Hast Uorth Central. 693,892 757,994 570,660 616, SOS 123, 232 141,491 8,6SS 6,939 203.977 318,754
Ohio.................... 159,849 180,005 130,332 153, 310 23, 617 26,695 1,843 1,371 57,604 73', 770
Indiana............... 125,517 135,982 97,553 106, 047 27, 964 29, 935 1,478 1,344 54; 575 63,509
Illinois________ 119,892 120, 560 85, 069 86, 862 34, 823 39, 098 2,123 1,896 92,482 102i 850
Michigan______ 141,647 158,131 118,928 132,786 22, 719 25,345 1,530 1,052 26,195 37,334
Wisconsin.......... 146, 987 167,818 132, 778 137,408 14, 209 19,818 1,659 1,270 33,121 41,285
West North Central- 661,115 670, m 467,770 470,82flj 203,345 200,100 7,471 6,108 444,160 602,704
Minnesota_____ 126, 670 134, 012 97,878 101, 307 28, 692 32,705 1,047 878 57,638 68i412
Iowa.................... 111, 333 110,252 85,272 86,951 26, 061 23,301 1,98G 1,583 101,615 110,151
Missouri. 165,318 160,162 127,980 132,129 37, 329 37, 023 1,546 1,279 89,076 108’ 023
North Dakota,.- 50,105 51,149 23,807 25, 796 26, 298 25, 354 470 335 27,400 33,' 122
South D akota... 46, 609 42,462 22,372 21,426 23, 237 21, 027 454 374 37. 094 40,477
■Nebraska______ 67, 418 67, 013 43,301 42,861 24,117 24,152 1,020 795 61,020 05,808
Kansas................ 94,762 90,896 57,151 60, 368 37, 611 30,538 964 922 70,326 76,771
South Atlantio____ 539,930 608,082 467,100 627,412 72, 830 80,870 8,984 8,109 508, 574 530,942
Delaware.......... 6,260 6,615 5,810 6,164 444 451 165 156 2,282 3,010
Maryland........ 30,823 31,476 28,333 29,398 2,490 2,077 939 m \ 11,441 12, 090
Dist. of Coiumbia__________
59 51 63 50 6 1 21 17 24 21
Virginia........... __ 121,104 138,139 104,956 121, 490 16,148 16,649 1,536 1,107 47,970 58,386
West Virginia.__ 60,573 77,133 60,581 68,981 5, 992 8,162 721 593 15,347 27,021
North Carolina.. 141,445 158,111 115,705 128,394 26, 080 29,717 648 698 137,615 142,158
South Carolina.. 54, 470 61,942 45,515 61,327 8, 956 10, 615 093 030 102,768 102', 920
Georgia............. 79,802 85,197 70,590 75,857 9,206 9,340 1,400 1, 010 174,390 164,331
Florida.............. 39,394 49,419 35,486 45,751 8,009 3, 668 2,836 3,039 16,737 20,3 9 9
East South Central- 465, 348 511,273 397,594 440,243 67,764 71,030 2,888 2,313 593, 978 623,633
Kentucky......... 157,403 174,661 135,216 148,985 22,188 25,676 676 422 88,421 103,215
Tennessee........... 131,526 146,600 100,853 125, 040 21,073 21,656 611 480 113,520 120j 007
Alabama........... 90,372 96, 092 75,144 81,624 16,228 15,068 603 510 166,420 176,247
Mississippi......... 86, 047 93,224 77,382 84,594 8,666 8, 630 999 895 225,617 217,664
West South Central. 410,397 456, S ll 325,989 372,291 84,408 83,020 5,608 6,880 687,231 676,000
Arkansas,.......... 89, 009 100,662 72,597 85,895 16, 412 14,767 634 592 152,691 151,759
Louisiana............ 53,159 61,320 40,893 54,891 0,266 6,429 736 519 107,551 108j 377
Oklahoma........ 77,714 81,889 53,647 58,796 24, 007 23, 003 823 775 125,329 13o! 601
Texas................... 190,515 211,440 152, 852 172,709 37,663 38,731 3,314 3,474 301,660 286,103
Mountain............ 178,898 196, SSS 130, 287 147,667 48,611 48, 682 8,680 2, 068 58,826 72,085
Montana_____ _ 35,353 36,247 20,101 21,509 15, 252 14,738 514 332 11,628 13’, 985
Idaho................... 30,512 31,858 24,194 26,016 6, 318 6,842 603 394 10,559 12; 801
Wyoming......... 12,195 13,034 7,896 8,202 4,209 4,832 206 370 3,520 4,083
Colorado........... 38,426 38,323 26,920 27,718 11,407 10, 605 838 481 20,692 24,840
New Mexico 24, 740 33,118 18,830 27,377 4,810 5,741 334 394 0,330 l\ 857
Arizona............... 11,294 14, 922 9,727 13,102 1, 607 1,820 548 558 2,331 3; 344
Utah......... ........ i 23,608 26,889 19, 046 21,087 4,602 4,802 230 224 3,321 4,582
Nevada........ . 2,770 2,948 2,464 2,640 300 302 227 215 445 633
Pacifio__________ 205,615 227,382 176,751 200,660 28, 864 28,722 9,848 8,589 46,270 63,596
W ashington..... 67,688 66, 489 49, 702 58,504 7,880 7, 925 1,238 1,057 12,078 16,835
Oregon____ ____ 44,621 50,040 36,674 42,653 7,847 7, 393 842 716 9,790 14, 065
California.... . . . 103,506 no, 847 90, 375 99,443 13,131 11, 404 7,768 0,8171 24,402 32j 006
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1938, Vol. III.

6 4 6 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS
N o. 6 1 2 .— -F a rm A c r e a g e , b y T e n u r e o f O p e r a t o r s , b y S t a t e s : 1930 a n d
1935
N ote.—For total farm acreage (all tenures combined) see table 605
[In thousands of acres]
ALL LANDS IN FARMS OPERATED BY—
D IV IS IO N A N D STA T E
a
All owners
1930 1935
Owners
Full owners Part owners
Managers Tenants
1930 1935 1930 1935 1930 1 9 3 5 1030 1 9 3 5
United States-- 6 1 8 ,3 7 6 6 6 7 ,0 4 9 3 7 2 ,4 6 0 3 9 0 ,9 7 8 2 4 6 ,9 2 6 2 0 6 ,0 7 1 6 1 , 986 6 0 ,6 6 4 3 0 6 ,4 0 8 8 8 0 , 8 0 S
Hew England......... 1 2 ,5 9 2 1 3 ,6 3 8 1 1 ,5 6 9 1 2 ,1 5 3 1, 0 2 3 1 ,4 8 6 7 6 1 6 4 6 9 4 0 1 , 1 7 0
Maine’................. 4 ,3 3 8 4 ,3 9 2 4 ,1 3 0 3 ,9 9 8 208 394 129 7 1 173 2 5 9
New Hampshire. 1 ,7 3 6 1 ,8 7 3 1 ,5 7 8 1 ,5 8 0 158 2 9 4 123 9 3 1 0 2 1 4 9
Vermont......... . . 3 ,3 2 5 3 ,4 0 2 3 ,0 2 7 3 ,0 3 7 299 425 1 5 2 124 4 1 9 4 5 3
Massachusetts.— 1 ,6 9 0 1 ,9 0 7 1 ,5 1 8 1 ,7 4 0 173 167 2 1 5 1 6 6 1 0 0 1 2 3
Rhode Island___ 221 231 197 2 0 0 2 4 3 2 17 2 9 4 1 48
Connecticut....... 1 ,2 8 3 1 ,7 7 3 1 ,1 2 0 1 ,6 9 9 163 174 1 1 4 163 1 0 5 1 4 4
Middle Atlantic__ 2 7 ,7 6 8 2 8 ,7 1 7 2 4 ,9 0 6 2 5 ,2 5 5 2 , 8 0 3 3 ,4 6 2 1 ,2 7 7 1 ,2 7 0 6 , 0 0 2 0 . 4 6 2
New York_____ 1 4 ,6 7 7 1 5 ,1 4 4 1 2 ,7 7 4 1 2 ,8 7 5 1 ,8 0 3 2 ,2 6 9 6 2 2 6 4 6 2 ,7 8 1 2 , 8 9 6
New Jersey____ 1 ,2 3 6 1 ,3 0 7 1 ,1 3 6 1 ,1 7 7 100 131 1 4 4 160 3 7 9 '4 4 7
Pennsylvania__ 1 1 ,9 5 5 1 2 ,2 0 0 - 1 0 ,9 9 5 1 1 ,2 0 3 9 6 0 1 ,0 6 2 511 4 7 0 2 , 8 4 3 3 , 1 2 0
East North Central- 7 2 ,8 5 5 75, 517 5 3 ,9 3 3 6 6 ,0 6 2 1 8 ,4 2 1 2 0 ,4 6 5 2 ,0 0 6 1 ,9 0 5 3 6 ,4 4 0 3 9 , 5 3 5
Ohio.................... 1 4 ,4 1 0 1 4 ,9 9 1 1 1 ,3 7 0 1 1 ,6 4 2 3 ,0 4 0 3 ,3 4 9 3 9 6 3 6 2 6 , 7 0 7 7 , 5 0 6
Indiana............... 1 2 ,2 8 6 1 2 ,7 8 3 8 ,3 8 1 8 ,6 8 7 3 ,9 0 5 4 , 0 9 6 3 6 0 3 5 5 7 , 0 4 2 7 , 3 8 0
Illinois................ 1 5 ,2 2 7 15, 632 9 ,1 8 7 8 ,9 6 2 6 ,0 4 0 6 ,6 7 1 5 1 2 4 7 0 1 4 ,9 5 7 15', 5 5 8
Michigan........... 1 3 ,6 0 5 1 4 ,3 8 1 1 0 ,3 9 8 1 1 ,0 2 5 3 ,2 0 7 3 ,3 5 6 4 6 2 3 6 9 3 , 0 5 2 Z, 7 1 0
Wisconsin_____ 1 6 ,8 2 7 1 7 ,7 2 9 14,597 1 4 ,7 3 6 2 ,2 3 0 2 ,9 0 3 3 6 6 3 4 0 ■4 , 6 S 2 5,3 8 1
WestNorth Central. 1 6 0 ,6 4 5 1 6 1 ,0 3 5 7 8 ,4 9 6 7 7 ,6 0 7 8 2 ,1 5 0 8 3 ,5 2 8 4 , 9 7 4 5 ,8 2 3 9 0 ,8 6 9 1 0 8 . 7 1 9
Minnesota.......... 1 9 ,5 6 7 2 0 ,2 2 0 1 3 ,1 2 1 1 2 ,9 5 3 6 ,4 4 6 7 ,2 6 7 3 0 7 2 9 8 1 1 ,0 3 9 1 2 , 3 0 0
Iowa__________ 1 6 ,4 4 4 1 6 ,1 4 8 1 1 ,1 3 1 1 1 ,3 3 3 5 ,3 1 2 4 ,8 1 4 4 7 6 4 1 1 1 7 ,1 0 0 1 7 , 8 0 0
Missouri______ 2 2 ,2 1 7 2 1 ,7 1 7 1 5 ,8 5 1 1 5 ,4 4 4 6 ,3 6 0 0 ,2 7 2 513 500 1 1 ,0 1 2 1 2 , 8 3 8
North D akota.._ 2 6 ,4 1 6 2 0 ,1 0 5 8 ,6 4 1 8 ,0 0 0 1 7 ,7 7 5 1 7 ,4 3 9 387 3 1 4 1 1 ,8 5 6 1 2 , 6 9 9
South D akota... 2 2 ,4 7 4 2 2 ,1 0 8 6 ,5 1 3 5 ,8 2 4 1 5 ,9 6 0 16, 284 9 6 2 1 ,1 0 9 1 3 ,0 3 5 1 3 ^ 8 8 5
Nebraska______ 2 5 ,7 2 8 2 6 ,3 1 1 1 1 ,7 2 6 1 1 ,2 1 0 1 4 ,0 0 0 1 5 ,1 0 1 1 ,4 5 4 1 ,9 4 7 1 7 ,5 2 9 1 8 , 3 5 7
Kansas................ 2 7 ,8 0 2 2 8 ,4 2 6 1 1 ,5 1 3 1 2 ,0 7 6 16, 2 9 0 1 6 ,3 5 0 8 7 6 7 4 4 1 8 ,2 9 8 1 8 ; 8 4 1
South Atlantic____ 6 1 ,6 6 1 5 5 ,6 7 4 4 6 ,0 0 8 4 8 ,2 0 0 e , 043 7 ,4 7 4 8 ,7 5 1 3 ,6 9 0 3 0 ,9 6 1 3 6 , 6 2 4
Delaware........... 480 481 4 4 2 438 38 43 2 9 3 2 3 9 1 4 0 8
Maryland........... 2 ,6 4 0 2 ,6 8 7 2 ,3 9 4 2 ,4 9 0 247 198 2 2 8 2 3 0 1 , 6 0 6 1 , 4 6 8
Dis. of Columbia. 1 1 1 1 0 ) o 2 2 1 (!)
Virginia_______ 1 2 ,2 5 0 1 2 ,6 9 9 1 0 ,6 8 0 1 1 ,1 9 9 1 ,5 7 0 1 ,5 0 0 6 5 6 5 4 3 3 , 8 2 3 4 , 4 0 3
West V irginia... 7 ,1 4 5 7 ,3 1 2 6 ,3 2 1 6 ,4 3 5 8 2 4 8 7 7 2 5 7 231 1 ,4 0 0 l j 8 8 1
North Carolina.. 1 1 ,0 7 2 1 2 ,0 4 1 9 ,4 0 9 1 0 ,0 0 7 1 ,6 6 4 2 ,0 3 4 2 5 5 3 5 3 6 , 7 2 8 7 , 6 4 3
South Carolina.. 5 ,2 2 8 6 ,8 6 6 4 ,4 7 5 4 ,9 3 3 753 933 4 3 7 5 6 8 4,7 2 8 5 , 8 0 6
Georgia________ 9 ,8 5 5 1 0 ,9 3 9 8 ,6 7 0 9 ,6 0 2 1 ,1 8 5 1 ,3 3 7 9 3 2 793 1 1 ,2 9 2 18, 5 6 5
Florida________ 2 ,9 8 0 3 ,6 4 8 2 ,6 1 8 3 ,0 9 5 3 6 2 553 9 5 4 9 3 8 1 , 0 9 2 1 , 4 6 2
East South Central.. 4 5 ,2 8 9 4 8 ,3 6 3 3 9 ,2 5 6 4 2 ,0 3 7 6 ,0 3 3 6 ,3 2 6 1 ,2 8 6 1 ,3 7 8 2 6 ,2 4 1 2 0 , 3 5 9
Kentucky_____ 1 4 ,6 1 1 1 4 ,9 1 2 1 2 ,7 1 8 1 2 ,9 5 6 1 ,8 9 3 1 ,9 6 6 1 9 6 1 7 8 6 , 1 2 1 5 , 6 0 9
Tennessee_____ 1 1 ,7 2 9 1 2 , 1G8 9 ,8 7 8 1 0 ,4 2 4 1 ,8 5 1 1 ,7 4 4 2 0 0 193 6 , 0 6 8 Q, 7 2 5
Alabama______ 9 ,4 0 4 1 0 ,1 8 6 7 ,9 4 6 8 ,6 2 8 1 ,4 5 7 1 ,5 5 8 3 3 2 3 4 5 7 , 8 1 9 9 j 1 3 0
Mississippi____ 9 ,5 4 5 1 1 ,0 9 8 8 ,7 1 3 1 0 ,0 2 9 8 3 2 1 ,0 6 8 553 663 7 , 2 3 4 7 ; 8 0 5
West South Central. 9 3 ,1 6 0 1 0 6 ,0 1 2 6 0 ,9 4 0 6 8 ,8 7 8 3 2 ,2 2 0 3 7 ,1 8 4 2 2 , 524 2 0 ,1 5 3 6 8 , 2 2 2 7 4 , 9 5 3
Arkansas............. 8 ,9 9 0 9 ,8 0 8 7 ,2 7 3 8 ,2 1 9 1 ,7 1 7 1 ,5 8 9 2 9 2 4 2 0 6 ,7 7 1 7 , 5 1 4
Louisiana............ 4 ,7 6 1 5 ,4 1 3 4 ,1 0 8 4 ,0 7 4 653 739 8 7 6 7 5 4 3 , 7 1 8 4 , 2 7 7
Oklahoma_____ 1 6 ,4 7 2 1 7 ,2 6 0 7 ,8 6 7 8 , 558 8 ,6 0 5 8 ,7 0 2 9 8 6 1 ,1 6 9 1 6 ,3 3 3 1 6 , 9 0 0
Texas_________ 6 2 ,9 3 3 7 3 ,5 3 1 4 1 ,6 9 2 4 7 ,4 2 7 2 1 ,2 4 5 2 6 ,1 0 4 2 0 ,3 7 0 1 7 ,8 0 9 4 1 ,4 0 0 4 6 ; 2 5 7
Mountain________ 1 1 4 ,2 3 3 1 2 5 ,9 8 7 3 8 ,2 2 4 4 0 ,1 2 0 7 6 ,0 0 9 8 5 ,8 6 7 1 8 ,0 5 7 1 9 ,8 7 2 2 5 ,1 0 0 2R. 09.9.
M ontana-.____ 3 4 ,1 4 5 3 6 ,7 1 2 9 ,6 5 0 9 ,3 0 1 2 4 ,4 9 5 2 7 ,3 2 2 3 ,0 1 5 2 ,7 7 3 7 , 6 0 0 8 , 0 2 7
Idaho.................. 7 ,0 5 0 7 ,4 6 2 4 ,0 1 7 4 ,1 5 6 3 ,0 3 4 3 ,2 9 6 4 5 7 1 ,8 5 9 2 , 0 4 3
Wyoming______ 1 8 ,9 3 4 2 1 ,0 8 9 4 ,7 4 6 4, 350 1 4 ,1 8 8 1 6 ,7 3 3 2 ,0 8 5 4 ,5 3 9 2 , 6 0 6 2 , 6 3 5
Colorado______ 1 9 ,5 4 0 2 0 ,2 2 4 7,519 8 ,3 1 8 1 2 ,0 2 1 1 1 ,9 0 5 2 ,1 6 7 1 ,2 7 1 7 , 1 6 9 8,484
New Mexico___ 2 1 ,8 5 7 2 3 ,7 7 4 8 ,3 3 7 7 ,7 8 7 1 5 ,5 2 0 1 5 ,9 8 7 5 ,3 5 0 6 , 0 5 4 3', 6 1 5 4 , 5 6 9
Arizona_______ 6 ,0 4 9 9 ,9 8 9 1 ,4 8 5 1 ,5 2 3 4 , 5 6 4 8 ,4 0 0 3 ,4 6 8 2 ,5 6 7 - 1 , 0 0 9 1 , 4 0 3
Utah__________ 4 ,5 0 1 4 ,8 7 7 3 ,1 4 1 3 ,3 5 7 1 ,3 6 0 1 ,5 2 0 6 0 8 7 5 9 5 0 4
Nevada_______ 2 ,1 5 8 1 ,8 7 1 1 ,3 3 0 1 ,2 3 1 8 2 7 639 9 2 5 1 ,4 5 2 6 9 9 2 9 9
Pacific__________ 4 0 ,6 8 3 4 2 ,1 0 5 2 0 .1 1 0 2 1 ,7 7 7 2 0 ,5 6 4 2 0 , 328 7 ,2 6 8 6,421 1 2 , 5 7 4 13. fl4fl
Washington____ 9 ,3 7 9 9 ,8 5 7 4 ,3 4 5 4 ,5 5 2 5 ,0 3 4 5 ,8 0 6 5 6 0 6 5 0 3 , 5 9 5 4 ] 1 79.
Oregon________ 1 2 ,8 7 7 1 3 ,5 2 8 6 ,2 4 7 6 ,6 4 5 6 ,6 3 0 6 ,8 8 4 8 3 0 8 5 5 2 , 8 3 2
California______ 1 8 ,4 2 6 1 8 ,7 2 0 9 ,5 2 7 1 0 ,5 8 0 8 ,9 0 0 8 ,1 3 9 5 ,8 6 9 4 , 9 1 6 0; 1 4 7 6 , 8 0 3
1Less than 500 acres.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1936, Vol. III.

TaSB-UttE! OS’ FARMS 647
No. 6 1 3 .— C h o p L a n d — A c r e a g e A v a i l a b l e a n d A c r e a g e i n C h o p s, b y
T e n u r e o p O p e r a t o r s , b y S t a t e s : 1934
N ote.—F or totals (all tenures combined), see table 606
[In thousands of acres]
LAND AVAILABLE FOB CROPS 1 CROP LAND HARVESTED CROP FAILURE
DIVISION AND STATE
Full Part
owners owners M agers
an­
Tenants
Full
owners
Part
owners
Managers
Tenants
Full
owners
Part
owners
M anagers
Tenants
United States.__ 188,304 112,807 10, 922 201,991 109,329 56,850 6,012 124,433 16,069 19,837 626 27,150
New England.......... 3,024 530 189 398 3,144 441 146 316 22 3 1 2
Maine_________ 1, 360 152 28 91 1,155 132 23 76 5 1 (2) (J)
New Hampshire. 408 70 17 37 335 67 13 30 2 (*) (?) (2)
V erm ont............. 1,000 143 44 108 825 115 35 138 4 1 (2) 1
M assachusetts... 594 69 51 42 423 57 39 29 6 1 (2) (2)
Rhode Island___ 03 16 8 10 40 11 5 10 (2) (*) (2) (a)
Connecticut......... 498 71 39 43 365 68 30 33 5 1 0 0
Middle Atlantio___ 14,267 2,089 661 3,938 10, 034 1, 583 471 2,797 177 24 6 61
New York______ 6,986 1,361 290 1, 600 4, 951 1,027 207 1,203 78 15 2 21
Now Jersey.......... 762 98 72 208 528 80 51 207 2 (2) 1 1
Pennsylvania___ 6, 519 630 289 1,971 4, 555 476 214 1,388 97 9 3 29
East North Central.. 34,789 14,80S 1,190 29,094 23, 550 10,875 849 20,904 1,124 521 39 1,404
Ohio..................... 7,450 2,439 233 5,323 4,684 1,798 160 3,742 109 33 5 84
Indiana................ 5,853 3,166 237 5, 534 3,690 2,302 162 3,949 142 77 6 170
Illinois.................. 6,690 5,434 345 12,714 4, 266 3,848 '254 9,190 431 306 20 978
Michigan______ 6, 905 2,248 198 2,460 4,807 1,694 134 1,717 150 40 4 57
Wisconsin............ 7,892 1,581 177 3,058 0,103 1,232 139 2,298 291 66 4 116
West North Central. 50,391 61,138 1, 797 75,790 26. 833 22,902 1,027 40,157 8, 830 13,668 262 17,489
Minnesota........... 8,335 5,049 200 9,200 8,424 3,838 158 6,742 750 540 16 1,169
Iowa..................... 8,723 3,776 295 14,191 5,771 2,014 199 10,341 341 176 12 682
M issouri............ 9,334 4,375 279 8,532 4,355 2,400 138 4,869 488 251 10 553
North Dakota.— 6,354 11,117 184 9,481 2,359 3,606 91 3,292 2,187 4,105 ' 46 3,490
South Dakota__ 3,805 8,327 161 9,470 1,042 1,532 36 2,254 1,606 3,580 58 4,538
Nebraska........... 6,331 7,109 333 11, 588 3,031 3,432 239 5,493 1,949 2,193 52 4,041
Kansas................. 7,508 11,384 338 13,319 3,851 6,480 165 7,107 1,507 2,766 07 3,096
South Atlantic____ 20,210] 8,45S 1,369 17,041] 11,807 2,395 860 12,926 228 46 8 201
Delaware______ 272 30 22 257 180 24 17 169 3 0 0 2
Maryland............ 1,455 126 133 919 931 91 87 569 12 1 1 6
Dist. of Col....... 0 w 1 0 0 0 1 o 0 0 (>)
Virginia................ 5,097 757 264 1,932 2, 259 433 125 1,025 40 6 1 18
West Virginia___ 2,490 339 87 054 1,157 181 49 323 21 3 w 6
North Carolina-. 3,687 922 120 3, 515 2, 400 707 86 2,773 40 11 i 33
South Carolina... 2,021 452 152 3,018 1,395 355 83 2,340 35 9 2 42
Georgia................ 3,801 630 316 0,074 2,674 470 220 5,282 52 7 2 77
Florida................. 1,320 196 274 673 812 136 188 445 26 8 i 17
East South Central.. 20,348 3,651 648 18,017 10, 029 2,117 867 13,209 192 36 3 162
Kentucky______ 7, 002 1,292 115 3,492 2,873 666 43 1,830 62 13 0 29
Tennessee.......... 5,452 1,041 111 4,125 2,774 604 55 2,837 53 10 1 34
Alabama----------- 3,484 758 139 5,330 2,295 520 81 4,342 32 7 1 37
Mississippi.......... 3,749 400 279 5, 062 2,087 267 188 4,104 46 6 4 62
West South Central. 24,243 12, 961 2,234 38,745 14,127 7,037 878 26,146 2, 836 1,976 131 4,827
Arkansas_______ 3,698 859 208 4,633 2,218 597 155 3,408 158 34 5 171
Louisiana............. 2,182 465 300 2,928 1,289 287 155 2,246 55 12 8 75
Oklahoma......... 4,795 4,519 321 9,978 2,951 2,619 111 0,661 708 772 20 1,384
Texas.................... 13,569 7,117 1,405 21,206 7,669 3,535 450 13,709 1,910 1,158 117 3,208
Mountain................. 12,171 17,341 1,190 11,163 4,989 6,051 493 4,120 2, 389 3,288 107 2,702
Montana.......... 3,352 7,384 269 3,231 1,210 2,198 107 1,070 684 1,235 36 612
Idaho__________ 1,754 1,306 102 1,122 1,124 726 04 754 152 84 11 72
Wyoming........... 920 1,771 142 009 370 602 84 259 159 201 8 124
Colorado_______ 2,851 4,023 183 4,591 1,130 1,092 7S 1,546 701 1,178 23 1,487
New Mexico____ 1,734 2,170 279 1,135 320 183 18 223 439 428 16 339
Arizona________ 337 219 94 199 194 109 67 128 25 10 2 13
Utah..................... 1,008 419 55 225 475 202 32 106 211 89 fl 61
Nevada________ 216 48 65 51 148 39 51 34 17 3 4 3
Pacific___________ 7,962 6,767 1,861 6, 906 4, 816 3,460 921 3,869 272 276 48 242
Washington____ 1,851 2, 380 157 2,356 1,150 1,202 86 1,108 3C 2£ 1 38
Oregon_________ 1,900 1, 612 173 1,230 1, IDS 833 01 702 92 IK 12 57
California......... 4,211 2,775 1, 331 3,314 2,407 1,415 746 1,952 140 128 35 147
1 Includes crop land harvested, crop failure, crop land idle or fallow, and plowable pasture.
1Less than 500 acres.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1935, Vol. III.

6 4 8 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS
No. 614.— Farm s and Farm A creage—P e rc e n ta g e O p erated by T e n a n ts,
by S ta te s: 1910 to 1935
N ote.—Land rented by part owners is not included
PERCENT OF TOTAL OPERATED BY TENANTS
DIVISION AND STATE Number of farms All land in farms
Land Crop
available
har­
land
for vest­
ed crops
Crop
failure
1910 m o 1026 1930 1935 1910 1920 1926 1930 1936 1934 1934 1934
United States- _ 37,0 38.1 38.Q 42.4 42.1 26.8 27.7 28.7 31.1 31.9 39.3 42.1 42.6
New England______ 8.0 7.4 6.6 6.3 7.7 7.8 7.7 5.9 6.6 7.6 7.9 7.8 7.8
4.3 4.2 3.4 4.5 ff.9 3.6 3.8 3.0 3.7 5.6 5.6 6.6 0.8
New Hampshire__ 0.9 0.7 4.8 6.3 7.3 6.4 5.9 4.2 5.2 7.1 6.9 6.7 10.7
12, 3 11.6 9.3 9.7 10.9 13.7 13.3 10.7 10.7 11.3 12.4 12.4 11.3
Massachusetts....... 8.1 7.1 4.8 6.6 6.2 7. U 6.4 4.4 5.0 5.6 5.6 5.4 5.8
IS, 0 15,6 12.1 12.6 13.8 18.2 15.9 12.1 14.8 16.4 15.7 15.2 9.4
Connecticut_____ 9.8 8.5 0.4 0.2 7.3 9.9 8.9 6.7 7.0 8.0 0.7 0.4 6.9
ftfiddle Atlantic-__... 22. S 20.7 16.6 14.7 16.2 25.9 86.7 10.0 17.1 17.7 18.8 18.8 19.7
20.8 19 ?, 14.1 13.2 14.2 24.4 22.4 17.2 15.5 15.6 16.2 10.3 17.7
218 23,0 16.9 15.0 17.8 30.4 28.5 23.5 21.5 23.3 24.3 23.0 24.4
Pennsylvania____ 23.3 21.9 17.4 15.9 17.7 27.1 24.7 20.0 18.6 10.7 21.0 20.9 21.3
27.0 28.1 26.0 27.3 29.4 80.0 32.6 31.5 32.9 33.8 36.4 37.2 46. 6
Ohio....................... 28.4 29.6 26.5 26.3 28.9 31.4 33.8 30.0 31.2 32.8 34.6 30.0 30.3
30.0 32.0 29.2 30.1 31.0 32.8 36.7 3fi. 0 35.8 30.0 37.4 39.1 43.0
41.4 42.7 42.0 43.1 44.5 43.6 46.9 47.1 48.7 49.1 50.5 52.4 50.4
15.8 17.7 15.1 16.6 19.0 17.8 20.5 17.7 17.8 20.1 20.9 20.6 22.6
’Wisconsin.—-___ 13.9 14.4 15.6 18.2 20.7 16.8 17.0 18.4 21.4 22.0 24.1 23.6 24.3
30.9 34.2 37.8 30.8 42.6 27.0 32.0 36.8 87.8 39.1 42.3 44.8 43.4
21.0 24.7 27.1 31.1 33.0 23.8 29.0 32.1 36.7 37.6 40.4 39.3 47.2
37 ft 41.7 44.7 47.3 49.0 39.0 44.4 47.5 60.3 51.8 52.6 54.0 52.4
20,9 28.8 82.6 34.8 38.8 25.4 27.1 29.3 32.0 30.6 37.9 41,4 42.4
N. a 25.0 84.4 35.1 39.1 15.3 23.0 30.7 30.7 32.5 34.9 35.2 36.3
24,8 34.9 41.6 44.6 48.0 23.3 27.7 32.2 30.7 37.4 43.5 4G.3 40.4
38.1 42.0 40,4 47.1 49.3 27.3 33.9 37.3 30.2 39.4 46.7 46.0 40.1
.Kansas................... 30.8 40.4 42.2 42.4 44,0 30.0 37.0 39.5 80.0 30.2 40.0 43.0 41.0
48.9 40.8 44.5 48.1 46.8 30.1 32.3 SO. 2 SC. 8 38.2 41.8 46.2 4 1.0
41,0 39.3 35.8 33.8 34.8 52,1 49.9 40.5 43.4 44.3 44.3 43.4 39.5
29.6 28.9 20.4 20.6 27.2 38.6 36.7 35.6 34.4 33.4 34.0 33.9 30.7
38.7 41.7 28.1 23.1 23.6 35.9 86.1 21,2 13.8 11.2 13.0 10.1 20.7
Virginia--............- 26,5 26.0 25.2 28,1 20.5 21.1 21.4 19.7 22.9 26.0 24,0 20.7 28.2
2a o 16.2 10.3 18.0 25.8 16.5 14.0 14.3 15,0 20.0 18.3 18.9 18.9
4?„ a 43.5 45,2 49.2 47.2 27.0 30.0 31.3 37.8 37.8 42.0 46.5 33.8
08,0 64,5 05.1 05.1 02.2 36.4 42.5 41.0 45.5 47.8 63.5 50.0 47.7
05.0 00, ft 63.8 08.2 05.0 42.0 40.0 42.2 51.1 53.0 59.2 01.1 68. 7
Florida...... ............. 20.7 25.3 21.3 28.4 28.0 13.1 13.0 11.0 21.7 24.2 27.2 28.2 32.0
50.7 49.7 50.3 56.9 64.8 28,0 29.0 29.2 36.0 37.1 42.3 61.4 39. 5
33.9 33.4 32,0 35.0 37.1 19.0 21.1 19.8 25.7 27.1 27.8 33.0 27.0
41.1 41,1 41,0 46.2 46.2 25.1 28.2 20.5 33.7 35.2 38.4 44.8 34.9
00.2 57.9 CO. 7 04.7 04.5 34.2 35.8 38,3 44.5 45.4 CIS 00.0 4 8 .7
Mississippi--------- 00.1 66. 1 68.3 72,2 69.8 33.7 34.5 34,4 41.7 40.2 63.0 02.3 48.3
62.8 62.9 69.2 62.3 69.6 26.7 30.1 33.5 37.1 37.3 49.6 64. a 49.8
60.0 61.3 60.7 63.0 00.0 27.0 30.3 33.8 42.2 42.3 49.3 53.0 40.6
55. 3 67.1 60.1 00.0 03.7 26.7 28.6 29.7 39.7 40.9 49.8 56.6 50.0
64.8 61.0 58.0 61.5 61.2 43.1 39.3 45.1 48.3 47.8 50.9 64.0 48.0
Texas..._________ 52.0 63.3 00.4 00.9 57.1 22.6 27.6 30,5 33.2 33.6 49.0 54.1 60.8
10.7 16.4 22.2 24.4 2a e 10.6 11.6 116 16.0 181 20.7 28.1 31.8
8.9 11.3 21.9 24.5 27.7 10.9 9.3 16.7 10.8 10.0 22.7 23.3 23.8
10.3 16.9 24.4 25.3 28.5 10.7 14.2 20.4 19.0 20.5 20.2 28.2 22.7
8.2 12,5 17.9 22.0 23. 8 0.2 8.3 8.9 10.7 9.0 17.7 21.2 22.4
18.2 23,0 30.9 84.5 39.0 10.7 17.4 22.7 24.8 28.3 30.4 40.1 43.9
New Mexico_____ f i . f i 12.2 17.1 20.2 19.0 8.7 11.0 11.9 11.7 13.3 21.3 29.9 27.7
9.3 18.1 21.6 16.4 17.8 8.6 10,2 8.8 0.0 10.4 23.4 26.2 26.0
Utah....................... 7.9 10,9 11.1 12.2 14.9 5.7 7.4 6.0 9.0 9.7 13.2 13.0 14.4
Nevada_________ 12.4 9.4 7.9 12.9 14.4 5.8 0.0 4.0 24.5 8.2 13.3 12.6 11,3
17.2 20.1 15.6 17.7 21.2 19.8 22.8 19.7 20.8 22.3 29.6 29.0 28.9
■Washington--___ 13.7 18.7 10.3 17.0 20.0 17.7 26.0 25.4 28.0 28.4 34,0 32,0 38,7
16.1 18.8 1G.8 17.8 21.7 16.1 19.8 10.8 17.1 17.1 25.1 25.0 20.4
California_______ 2a o 21.4 14.7 18.0 21.7 22.2 22.8 18.6 20.2 22.8 28.6 20. 7 32.0
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1936, Vol« III.

TENUBE OB FABMS 6 4 9
N o . 6 1 5 . — F a r m L a n d a n d B u i l d i n g s , V a l u e , a n d A v e r a g e V a l u e p e r
F a r m , b y T e n u r e op O p e r a t o r s , b y S t a t e s : 1930 a n d 1935
N ote.—Value of land and buildings in millions and tenths of millions of dollars (that is, 21,183.6«>
$81,129,500,000); average value per farm in dollars. For total value of land and buildings and average
value of land and buildings per farm for all tenures combined see tables 007 and 004, respectivley
DIVISION AND
STATE
VALUE OF LAND AND BUILDINGS
Full owners Part owners Managers Tenants Full
owners
1930 1035 1930 1935 1030 1035 1930 1935
AVERAGE VALUE PER FARM,
1935
Part
owners
Managers
Tenants
United States___ 21,193.6 14,624.6 8, isa.s 5, 516.1 2,238.5 1,566.3 16,381.6 10,862.7 4,616 8,000 32,661 3,899
New England___ 718.4 666.9 77.4 69.8 93.0 76.1 56.9 59.5 5,246 6,479 32,170 4,788
Maine_______ 170.4 122.1 9.1 10.4 h i 3.9 7.1 7.2 3, 408 3,680 12,629 2,483
N. Hampshire. 00.8 50.9 6.4 7.7 7.8 4.3 3.4 4.0 3.528 4,307 20,428 8,108
Vermont_____ 111.3 86.7 10.9 11.4 8.4 5.6 16.3 12.4 4,032 6,246 12,392 4,222
Massachusetts. 188.4 192. S 22.8 10.6 38.8 33.1 11.2 13.2 0,397 8,406 40.601 6,098
Rhode Island-. 21.8 21.4 4.6 4.1 4.0 6.8 4.1 4 0 6,610 10,303 CO, 738 6,062
Connecticut-__ ICO. 8 222.9 24.5 19.7 26.3 23.6 15.8 17.7 8,038 12,380 47,806 7,571
Mid. Atlantic— _ 1,948.0 1,427.3 218.6 181.0 195.2 191.1 469.1 342.0 4,730 6,864 36,093 6,321
New York____ m .7 684.1 135.4 116.2 86.5 104.9 130.4 140.2 5,116 7,444i 40,754 5,686
New Jersey___ 202.2 156.1 20.0 16.0 30.1 20.7 46.6 41.5 7,092 10.188 37,037 7,910
Pennsylvania.. 841.1 887.1 63.2 48.8 78.7 05.6 220.0 100.3 4,021 6,310 30,172 4,726
4,364.0 3,071.6 1,412.8 1,066.6 267.1 151.2 3,302.9 2,317.4 4 982 7,468 21.794 7,270
Ohio................. 800.1 668. C 226.5 178.4 00.7 38.1 606.7 396.0 4,344 6,084 27,789 5,355
Indiana..____- 507. C 443.6 271.3 201.8 30.6 22.4 516,7 372.4 4,183 6,740 16,686 5,864
Illinois_______ 971.5 037.4 680.9 401.8 83.6 45.9 1,699.9 1,120.8 7,338 10,121 24,225 10,897
Michigan_____ 708.4 608.3 181.0 135.1 53.6 22.7 219. fl 160.2 3.828 5,330 21,641 4,292
Wisconsin____ 1,180.0 816.3 162.5 139.6 38.6 22.1 360.6 268.0 6,937 7,043 17,330 6,613
6,263.8 3.216.2 3,466.3 2,142.2 216.6 127.9 6,292.0 3.899.9 6,829 10,706 20,739 7,757
Minnesota____ 971.4 6 0 8 .6 384.8 260.5 27.1 1 5 .8 741.8 4 0 8 .0 6 ,0 0 8 7. m 1 8 ,0 5 0 7 ,2 8 0
1,489.9 878.6 627.6 332.7 69.6 31.2 2,047.6 1,219.8 10,105 14.278 19,735 11,073
Missouri_____ 843.6 498.6 325.0 188.7 40.9 240 586.8 387.9 3,774 5,007 18,801 3,591
N. Dakota........ 266.1 190.8 382.3 282.0 10.6 0.0 303.3 228.3 7,898 11,121 17,910 6,894
288.7 149.1 430.2 234.1 18.7 9.0 546.6 299.6 6.950 11,136 24,062 7,402
701.5 461.2 699.9 389.1 34.1 21.6 1,099.7 690.9 10,762 16.110 27,186 10,498
Kansas_______ 843.6 428.1 710.6 465.1 30.8 20.1 896.2 675.4 7,093 12,464 21,833 7,495
2,118.4 1,630.9 279.3 806.7 291.8 193.9 1,165.1 861.1 2,901 2.563 23.909 1,622
' Delaware___ _ 36.5 26.9 3.1 2.2 5.2 5.8 22.2 17.5 4.208 4,084 37,363 4,837
206.9 140.4 19.9 10.9 32.3 21.5 97.1 63.9 4,078 6,261 25,401 5,288
1.5 1.7 . i (0 4.9 6.0 .0 .5 33,819 12,000 294,093 22,890
Virginia............. 562.2 396.0 76.9 49.3 6 1 .6 8 0 .2 155.1 1 1 8 .4 3.250 2.060 27,266 2 ,0 2 8
W. V irginia.... 248.8 160.2 28.8 20.2 13.6 9.0 50.8 42.3 2,409 2,482 15, 111 1,665
420.6 803.6 73.4 62.5 16.3 13.4 3340 243.1 2,365 2,104 19,240 1,710
163.8 121.4 20.3 23.0 15.2 13.0 173.9 128.1 2,365 2,165 20,487 1,246
228.1 176.4 30.2 23.7 34 9 18.0 284.2 212.7 2,312 2.642 17,689 1,294
Florida.—........ 248.0 193.7 20.7 14.8 117.3 78.0 37.4 34.6 4,233 4,032 25,659 1,698
Si. R. fW rn l 1,889.1 1,021.3 213.9 149.0 80.6 52,9 1,021.8 692.0 2,320 2.098 22,866 1,110
540.2 390.9 79.8 63.8 21.8 12.8 229.6 102.0 2,624 2,097 30,330 1,678
404.7 311.0 71.6 47.8 17.5 11.4 249.6 185.5 2,487 2,209 23,851 1,465
211.4 157.8 41.2 30.3 13.4 0.2 236.4 171.0 1,934 2,010 17,740 070
Mississippi___ 212.9 161.6 21.2 17.1 27.9 10,5 306.3 172,7 1,911 1,978 21,748 794
1,963. B1,446.4 869.9 628.7 327.1 262.9 2,066, S 1.691.7 3.886 7,672 49.063 2,409
209.9 155.8 48.8 32.5 14 0 14.7 275.0 173.1 1,814 2,203 24,791 1,140
109.3 127.4 28.4 22.3 34 7 20.6 185.8 126.2 2,321 3,469 39,586 1,156
342.7 230.2 270.0 170.1 23.9 17.1 006.1 307.0 3,915 7.365 22,070 2,809
Texas._____. . . 1,241.9 933.0 512.6 403.7 254.5 210.6 1,588.3 1,026.4 5,402 10,424 60,622 3,687
969.8 704.4 767.6 663.3 157.8 102.7 573.4 412.1 4 770 11,365 34,503 5,717
162.1 113.6 237.1 174.1 22.4 14 5 100.0 73.8 5,277 11,810 43,656 5,276
200.2 147.9 95.6 67.2 14.4 9.2 107.] 83.1 5,687 11.510 23.238 6,468
Wyoming_____ 65.1 46.4 93.4 79.2 13.2 17.8 35.1 24.3 5,541 16.397 48,087 5,053
218.4 161.9 165.7 1 0 6 .6 29.0 12.8 216.3 148.6 6,470 0,940 26.631 6,062
77.1 68.9 69.1 54 2 21.2 14.1 40.5 32.9 2 .5 1 6 9,448 35,822 4,188
70.9 54.0 38.5 34.4 39.8 19.4 35.0 248 4,124 18.916 34,816 7,407
140.7 100.3 48.1 33.0 7.1 6.0 26.4 20. 0 4,757 0,875 22,444 4,356
Nevada___. . . . 35.4 22.4 9.9 5.6 10.7 9.9 8.1 4.7 8,469 18,427 45,829 8,898
Pacific..___ . . . . . 2,435.4 1, 711.3 860.7 527.9
395.5 285,3 168.3 1141 609.9 407.6 928.0 678.1 8, 528
34.4 23.1 175.5 1 2 8 .2 4,871 14,398 19,758 47,469 21,877 10,661
7,617
321.7 234.9 158.4 106.6 29.6 10.7 121,2 87.7 5.507 14,404 27,527 6,232
California____ 1, 718.2 1,191.2 524.1 307.3 645.0 364.8 631.3 462.2 11,078 26,943 53, 520 14,136
i Less than $50,000.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1035, Vol, III,
207706°—-41------ 48

6 5 0 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS'
No. 616.— F a r m s — N u m b e r , A c r e a g e , a n d V a l u e , b y C o l o r or O p e r a t o r s ,
f o r N o r t h a n d W e s t, a n d b y C o l o r a n d T e n u r e o f O p e r a t o r s , f o r
S o u t h , b y S t a t e s : 1930 a n d 1935
N ote.—Acreage in thousands; value in thousands of dollars. D ata b y tenure and color are available for
the South only
DIVISION AND
STATE
United States.
New England___
Maine_______
New Hampsh
ire ............
Vermont_____
Massachusetts.
Rhode Island.
Connecticut...
Middle Atlantic..
New York___
New Jersey__
Pennsylvania.
E. North Central.
Ohio.................
Indian a..........
Illinois______
Michigan........
Wisconsin........
W. North Central.
Minnesota___
Iowa.................
Missouri____ _
North Dakota.
South Dakota.
Nebraska____
Kansas______
The South_____
Owners............
Full owners.
Part owners.
Managers____
All tenants___
Croppers___
South Atlantic__
Owners______
Full owners.
Part owners.
Managers___ _
All tenants___
Croppers___
Delaware____
Owners.........
Full owners_____
Part owne
r s ......
Managers__
All tenants..
Croppers..
M aryland.. . . .
Owners........
Full owners_____
Fart owners.........
M anagers..
All tenants.
Croppers..
Dist. of Col__
Owners____
Full owners_____
Part owners_____
Managers__
All tenants..
Croppers..
NUMBER OF FARMS ALL LAND IN FARMS VALUE OP LAND
AND BUILDINGS
White Colored White Colored
1030 1935 1930 1935 1930 1935 1930 1935
White,
1935
Colored,
1935
5,872, 578 5, 956,795 916,070 855,555 845,083 1,015,710 41,088 38, 805 31,930,394 928, 460
124, 760 167,826 159 415 14,273 15,452 10 11 899, 970 1, 301
38, gS9 41,893 178 146 4,639 4,721 11 1 143, 518 229
14,808 . 17,089
1,959 2,115 0 66,928
24, 870 27,043
4 3
25, 534 34.804
212 5
3, 311 4,309
17,158 32,088
356, 396 396,218
159, 340 170,432
24, 094 28,873
172, 050 190,911
963, 019
218, 059
181, 095
213, 003
168, 811
181,451
1,101, 848
185, 010
214, 774
250, 079
77,174
80, 417
129,188
165, 000
’Less than 500 acres.
1, 079, 534
253,669
200,411
230,170
195,803
199,415
1,169,226
202,072
221,851
273,190
83,531
80.805
133,347
173,523
22
04
11
37
1, 207
400
384
363
3,483
1,237
475
891
561
316
11, 107
245
154
5, 801
m i
2, 740
270
1,036
18
200
18
69
1,468
593
502
373
4,153
1,477
424
1,136
054
462
10,631
330
135
5,258
1,075
2,498
209
1,060
2,342, 129 2, 806,176 881, 687 815,747
1, 233, 656 1,388,001 182, 019 180,065
1,050,187 1,189,833 140,496 150,113
183,469 198,708 41, 523 35,952
16, 529 16,401 829 381
1,091, 044 1, 202,174 .098, 839 629, 301
383, 381 347,848 392, 897 368,408
760,089 865, 537 208,379 281,596
459, 427 520,053 80, 503 87,429
400, 38G 458,248 00, 714 09,104
53,041 62,405 19,789 18,265
8,485 7,893 479 216
292,177 330,991 217,397 193,951
120,487 113,052 124,171 107,296
8,900 9,554 807 827
5, 887 6,217 373 398
5,607
380
146
2, 807
105
37,036
27,882
25,971
1,911
819
9,235
1,040
93
61
46
5
20
22
5,793
424
143
3,194
204
39,518
. 28,755
27,033
1,722
805
9,958
1,061
77
43
42
1
10
18
309
64
19
415
60
5,267
2,941
2, 362
579
120
2, 200
597
11
8
7
1
1
2
371
27
13
416
71
4,894
2, 720
2,365
355
42
2,132
600
12
8
8
1
3
3,892
2,003
279
1.500
34,968
17,942
1,738
15,287
110, 652
21,421
19,000
30,638
17,081
21,854
264,071
30,802
34,008
33,480
38,508
35,680
44,678
46,819
305,281
178,621
136,194
42,427
27,296
99,364
19,035
71,704
47,393
41,094
5,699
3,641
20,070
0,284
846
467
431
36
26
353
10
4,029
2,532
2,306
226
207
1,290
144
3
1
1

TENURE AND COLOR OR FARM OPERATORS' 651
I\o. 6 1 6 .— F a r m s — N u m b e r , A c r e a g e , a n d V a l u e , b y C o l o r o p O p e r a t o r s ,
p o r N o r t h a n d W e s t , a n d b y C o l o r a n d T e n u r e o p O p e r a t o r s f o r
S o u t h , b y S t a t e s : 1930 a n d 1935— Continued
[Acreage in thousands; value in thousands of dollars]
NUMBER OF FARMS ALL LAND IN FARMS VALUE OP LAND
AND BUILDINGS
DIVISION AND
STATE White Colored White Colored
1 9 3 0 1 9 3 5 1 0 3 0 1 9 3 5 1 9 3 0 1 9 3 5 1 9 3 0 1 9 3 5
White,
1936
Colored,
1935
The South— Con.
S. Atlantic—Con.
Virginia................ 1 3 0 ,037 1 5 4 ,4 2 1 3 9 , 6 7 3 4 3 , 2 1 1 1 4 , 6 8 3 1 5 , 6 0 7 2 , 0 4 6 2 , 0 3 8 5 4 0 , 0 6 3 47 192
Owners__ -........ 0 0 , 0 5 0 1 1 0 , 4 7 7 2 4 , 4 4 8 2 7 , 0 0 2 1 1 , 0 0 7 1 1 , 5 7 0 1 , 1 8 3 1 , 1 2 9 4 1 7 ', 9 4 7 2 7 , 3 1 9
Pul) owners. __ SB, 7 6 0 9 8 , 1 7 3 1 9 , 2 0 0 2 3 , 3 1 7 9 , 7 4 3 1 0 , 2 0 3 9 3 7 9 3 6 3 7 3 , 0 5 8 2 2 , 9 2 0
Part owners.-- 1 0 , 90C 1 2 , 3 0 4 5 , 2 4 8 4 , 3 4 5 1 , 3 2 4 1 , 3 0 7 2 4 6 1 9 3 4 4 , 8 8 9 4 30Q
Managers........... 1 , 4 5 £ 1 , 0 7 0 7 7 3 7 0 3 2 5 3 0 2 3 1 3 20,5 9 6 5R7
All tenants......... 3 2 , S 2 2 4 2 , 8 7 4 1 5 , 1 4 8 1 5 , 6 1 2 2 , 9 8 4 3 , 5 0 7 8 3 9 8 9 5 9 9 , 1 1 9 1 9 , 2 8 6
Croppers-....... 1 0 , 1 6 0 1 2 , 1 3 7 0 , 7 9 7 6,102 6 8 0 7 2 6 2 8 1 2g o 2 0 , 8 4 7 6, 9 2 2
West Virginia........ 8 2 , 1 5 0 1 0 4 , 0 5 4 4 9 1 6 9 3 8 , 7 7 4 9 , 3 9 5 2 8 2 8 2 3 6 , 5 0 5 1 , 1 3 9
Owners............... GO, 2 0 0 7 6 , 6 2 2 3 7 3 5 1 1 7 , 1 2 7 7 , 2 9 3 1 9 1 9 1 8 5 , 8 4 6 ' 5 6 1
Full owners.-- 6 0 , 2 5 3 0 8 , 5 2 5 3 2 8 4 5 6 6 , 3 0 5 6 , 4 1 8 1 6 1 7 1 6 5 , 0 7 0 5 0 7
Part owners—. 5,047 8 , 0 9 7 4 5 5 5 822 8 7 6 3 2 2 0 , 1 7 5 5 4
Managers--____ 714 58G 7 7 250 2 2 9 1 2 8,584 3 7 7
All tenants......... 1 5 , 2 3 0 2 6 , 8 4 0 111 1 7 5 1 , 3 9 2 1 , 8 7 4 9 7 42,0 7 6 202
Croppers......... 1 , 8 1 1 3 , 0 3 2 2 3 11 1 7 4 2 2 3 1 1 5', 1 5 4 2 9
North Carolina__ 2 0 2 , 8 3 5 2 3 1 , 5 9 4 7 6 , 8 7 3 6 9 , 3 7 3 1 4 , 6 0 3 1 6 , 7 6 7 3 , 3 9 3 3 , 1 6 9 5 2 4 , 0 7 2 9 8 , 6 4 7
Owners_______ 121, 734 1 3 7 , 7 3 8 1 9 , 7 1 1 2 0 , 3 7 3 1 0 , 0 9 0 1 1 , 0 9 3 0 8 2 0 4 8 3 3 9 , 8 6 9 2 6 , 3 0 1
Full owners... 1 0 2 , 5 0 7 1 1 4 , 0 5 1 1 3 , 1 9 8 1 4 , 3 4 3 8 , 7 1 2 9 , 3 4 0 6 9 7 6 6 7 2 8 5 , 2 7 7 1 8 , 3 6 1
Part owners—. 1 9 , 1 0 7 2 3 , 6 8 7 6, 5 1 3 6 , 0 3 0 1 , 3 7 8 1 , 7 5 3 2 8 5 2 8 1 5 4 , 5 8 2 7 ; 9 4 0
Managers........... 6 2 5 6 8 3 2 3 1 5 2 4 9 3 4 8 6 5 1 3 , 1 7 9 2 5 1
All tenants.____ 8 0 , 4 7 6 9 3 , 1 7 3 5 7 , 1 3 9 4 8 , 9 8 5 4 , 3 2 3 5 , 3 2 6 2 , 4 0 4 2 , 2 1 7 1 7 1 , 0 3 4 7 2 , 0 9 5
Croppers......... 3 4 , 2 8 0 3 0 , 3 9 2 3 4 , 8 0 5 3 0 , 0 0 1 1 , 3 0 3 1 , 5 3 0 1,212 1 , 1 0 4 5 7 , 5 3 3 4 1 , 2 6 8
South Carolina__ 8 0 , 5 0 0 8 8 , 9 6 7 7 7 , 4 2 5 7 0 , G 3 7 7 , 2 2 1 8, 8 4 1 3 , 1 7 2 3 , 4 8 9 2 1 5 , 6 8 7 6 9 , 8 2 8
Owners............... 3 8 , 4 7 8 4 3 , 5 4 8 1 5 , 9 9 2 1 8 , 3 9 4 4 , 4 4 0 8 , 0 7 1 7 8 8 7 9 6 1 2 9 , 5 6 0 1 4 , 8 2 8
Full owners..- 3 3 , 5 7 8 3 7 , 6 5 2 1 1 , 9 3 7 1 3 , 0 7 5
3 , 8 5 9 4 , 3 1 4 6 1 7 6 1 9 1 1 0 , 2 6 2 1 1 , 1 4 4
Part owners... 4 , 0 0 0 5 , 8 9 6 4 , 0 5 5 4 , 7 1 9 6 8 2 7 5 7 1 7 1 1 7 6 1 9 , 2 9 8 3 , 6 8 4
Managers........... 6 2 2 6 1 7 7 1 10 4 1 6 5 5 7 21 11 1 2 , 8 2 2 ‘ 2 0 8
All tenants......... 4 1 , 4 0 0 4 4 , 8 0 2 0 1 , 3 0 2 5 8 , 1 2 4 2 , 3 6 5 3 , 2 1 3 2 , 3 6 3 2 , 6 8 3 7 3 , 3 0 6 5 4 , 7 9 3
Croppers......... 1 7 , 8 9 3 1 6 , 0 0 1 3 1 , 0 4 0 3 0 , 2 3 7 7 5 9 8 3 9 1 ,0 9 1 1 , 1 4 8 2 0 , 5 5 9 2 7 ,179
Georgia.................. 108,8 0 9 1 7 7 , 2 5 0 8 0 , 7 8 9 7 3 , 2 8 5 1 6 , 9 7 4 1 9 , 9 6 3 5 , 1 0 5 6, 3 3 3 3 5 5 , 5 2 5 7 4 , 2 3 1
Owners............... 6 8 , 7 2 1 7 4 , 0 2 6 11, 0 8 1 1 0 , 5 7 1 8 , 9 7 1 10,100 8 8 3 8 3 9 1 8 7 , 6 2 2 1 1 , 4 8 5
Full owners... 0 1 , 5 8 2 6 6 , 9 5 2 9 , 0 1 4 8, 0 0 5 7 , 9 4 4 8 , 9 1 2 7 2 6 0 8 9 1 6 5 , 8 9 9 9 , 4 6 3
Part owners... 7 , 1 3 9 7 , 0 7 4 2 , 0 6 7 1, 6 6 6 1 , 0 2 8 1 , 1 8 8 1 5 7 14E 2 1 , 7 2 2 2,022
M a n ag ers....... 1 , 3 3 4 9 8 4 7 2 3 2 9 0 8 7 8 2 2 4 11 1 7 , 5 4 4 4 0 7
All tenants____ 9 8 , 7 5 4 1 0 1 , 6 4 9 7 5 , 0 3 0 6 2 , 6 8 2 7 , 0 9 5 9 , 0 8 1 4 , 1 9 8 4 , 4 8 3 1 5 0 , 3 5 9 6 2 , 3 3 8
Croppers......... 5 1 , 4 0 4 4 1 , 0 7 2 4 9 , 4 5 0 3 8 , 7 5 3 2 , 9 9 2 3 , 0 8 7 2 , 3 8 0 2 , 3 7 8 5 4 , 4 1 0 3 7 , 5 9 6
Florida.................. 4 7 , 9 2 3 6 0 . 0 9 3 1 1 , 0 4 3 1 2 , 7 6 4 4 , 5 1 2 5 , 6 6 0 5 1 5 4 8 9 3 1 0 , 8 3 7 1 0 , 2 4 1
Owners—........... 3 3 , 8 1 8 4 2 , 6 2 7 5 , 5 7 0 6 , 7 9 2 2 , 6 9 8 3 , 3 8 2 2 8 2 2 6 e 2 0 2 , 7 3 0 5, 7 3 8
Full ow ners... 3 1 , 1 2 6 4 0 , 0 2 7 4 , 3 6 9 s , m 2 , 3 9 5 2 , 8 7 6 2 2 3 2 1 8 1 8 8 , 7 1 3 4 , 9 6 8
Part owners—. 2 , 6 0 2 2 , 6 0 0 1 , 2 1 7 1, 0 8 8 3 0 4 5 0 6 59 4 8 1 4 , 0 1 7 ’ 7 7 0
Managers........... 2 , 7 4 6 2 , 9 8 9 8 0 5 0 9 4 5 0 3 3 9 5 7 7 , 4 5 7 5 2 1
All tenants......... 1 1 , 3 5 9 1 4 , 4 7 7 5 , 3 7 8 5 , 9 2 2 8 0 8 1 , 2 4 6 2 2 4 2 1 7 3 0 , 6 5 0 3 , 9 8 2
Croppers............. 3 , 4 2 3 3 , 1 5 3 1 , 3 9 3 1, 6 2 1 2 1 6 2 1 6 5 9 66 4 , 5 9 9 1 , 2 3 0
East South Central— 7 4 1 , 2 6 5 8 3 4 , 2 9 2 8 2 0 , 9 5 9 8 0 2 , 9 2 7 80, 886 68, 0 6 7 1 1 , 9 3 1 1 1 , 0 3 4 1,6 8 2 , 4 1 2 2 3 3 , 8 0 6
Owners................... 4 1 4 , 7 0 0 4 6 2 , 3 8 1 5 0 , 5 8 8 4 8 , 8 9 2 .4 1 , 7 0 6 4 5 , 1 6 8 3 , 5 2 3 3 , 1 9 0 1 , 1 1 9 , 0 5 8 5 1 , 2 7 8
Full owners........ 3 5 8 , 1 7 4 4 0 0 .. 7 9 8 3 9 , 4 2 0 3 9 , 4 4 6 3 6 , 3 8 1 3 9 , 3 8 8 2 , 8 7 4 2 , 6 4 9 9 8 0 , 0 3 8 4 1 , 2 7 4
Part owners....... 5 6 , 5 8 6 6 1 , 5 8 3 1 1 , 1 6 8 9 , 4 4 7 5 , 3 8 4 5 , 7 8 0 6 4 9 5 4 6 1 3 9 , 0 2 1 1 0 , 0 0 4
Managers.............. 2 , 7 4 7 2 , 2 4 6 1 4 1 68 1 , 2 3 8
1 , 3 5 0 5 0 2 8 5 1 , 5 4 6 1 , 3 2 1
All tenants............ 3 2 3 , 7 4 8 3 6 9 , 6 6 6 2 7 0 , 2 3 0 2 5 3 , 9 6 7 1 7 , 8 8 3 2 1 , 6 4 9 8 , 3 5 8 7 , 8 1 0 5 1 0 , 8 0 8 1 8 1 , 2 0 7
Croppers............ 1 3 0 , 7 4 2 1 3 1 , 1 1 3 1 6 0 , 2 3 9 1 5 8 , 2 6 5 4 , 8 7 3 6 , 0 1 4 3 , 6 6 0 3 , 8 3 7 1 2 6 , 7 2 1 1 0 8 , 5 5 3
Kentucky.............. 2 3 7 , 3 9 5 2 7 0 , 0 4 8 9 , 1 0 4 8, 2 5 0 1 9 ,585 2 0 , 3 9 5 3 4 2 3 0 3 6 1 0 , 7 1 0 9 , 6 9 9
Owners............... 1 5 3 , 2 2 8 1 7 0 , 6 0 9 4 , 1 7 5 4 , 0 5 2 1 4 , 4 2 8 1 4 , 7 4 4 1 8 3 1 6 8 4 4 0 , 0 6 7 4 , 6 3 4
Full owners... 1 3 2 , 1 6 0 1 4 5 , 8 2 8 3 , 0 5 5 3 , 1 5 7 1 2 , 6 8 0
1 2 , 8 2 3 1 3 8 1 3 3 3 8 7 , 3 0 3 3 , 6 6 8
Part owners... 2 1 , 0 6 8 2 4 , 7 8 1 1,120 8 9 5 1 , 8 4 8 1 , 9 2 1 4 6 3 5 5 2 , 7 6 4 1 , 0 6 6
Managers........... 6 6 0 4 1 1 1 5 11 1 9 3 1 7 1 3 6 1 2 , 3 7 6 4 2 3
All tenants____ 8 3 , 6 0 7 9 9 , 0 2 8 4 , 0 1 4 4 , 1 8 7 4 , 9 6 4 6 , 4 8 0 1 5 6 1 2 9 1 5 8 , 2 6 6 4 , 6 4 2
Croppers......... 2 7 , 1 3 4 3 0 , 2 5 8 3 , 1 1 0 2 , 7 5 6 1 , 0 0 7 1 , 0 0 9 7 4 6 0 3 0 , 9 7 3 2 , 4 0 4
Tennessee.............. 2 1 0 , 5 1 9 2 3 9 , 3 8 7 3 5 , 1 3 8 3 4 , 3 9 0 1 6 , 6 4 6 1 7 , 8 0 4 1 , 3 5 7 1 , 2 8 2 5 2 1 , 1 8 1 3 4 , 6 6 0
Owners.............. 1 2 3 , 0 9 4 1 3 8 , 8 5 2 7 , 8 3 2 7 , 8 4 3 1 1 , 3 1 0 1 1 , 7 8 7 4 1 9 3 8 1 3 4 9 , 9 7 1 8,8 3 9
Full owners... 104, m 1 1 8 ,88 S 5 ,087 0, 151 0 , 5 5 9 10, 129 3 1 0 296 3 0 4 , 2 3 9 6, 7 3 1
Part owners... 1 9 , 5 2 8 1 9 , 9 G 4 2 , 1 4 5 1 , 6 9 2 1 , 7 4 1 1,668 1 0 9 86 4 5 , 7 3 2 2 , 1 0 8
Managers........... 5 7 7 4 7 2 3 4 8 200 1 9 2 6 1 1 1 , 3 6 2 86
All tenants........ 8 6 , 2 4 8 100,002 2 7 , 2 7 2 2 0 , 5 4 5 5 , 1 3 0 6 , 8 2 0 9 3 2 8 9 9 1 5 9 , 8 4 8 2 5 , 6 4 4
Croppers......... 3 3 , 7 4 5 3 5 , 3 8 1 1 6 , 5 5 0 1 0 , 0 9 0 1 , 3 2 1 1 , 3 3 8 4 4 2 4 1 7 4 1 , 7 2 9 1 2 , 8 8 5

6 5 2 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS'
No. G16.— 'F a r m s — N u m b e r, A c r e a g e , a n d V a l u e , b y C o l o r o j. O p e r a t o r s ,
f o r N o r t h a n d W e s t, a n d b y C o l o r a n d T e n u r e o f O p e r a t o r s f o r
S o u t h , b y S t a t e s : 1930 a n d 1935— C ontinued ’
division and
STATE
The South—Con.
E. S. Con.—Con.
Alabam a_________
Owners...........
Pull o w ners...
P art ow ners...
M anagers............
All tenants_____
Croppers..........
M ississippi............
Owners________
Pull ow n ers...
P a rt ow ners.._
M anagers______
All tenants..........
Croppers..........
West South C en tral..
Owners_______
Pall owners........
P a rt o w n e rs.....
M anagers________
All tenants_______
Croppers______
Arkansas.................
Owners................
Pull ow ners...
P a rt ow ners...
M anagers______
All tenan ts___
Croppers_____
Louisiana................
Owners................
Pull ow ners.-.
P a rt ow ners...
M anagers............
All tenan ts..........
Croppers..........
Oklahoma...............
O w n ers..........
Pull o w n ers...
P a rt ow ners...
M anagers............
All tenants........
Croppers..........
Texas— ..................
O w ners................
Pull o w ners...
P art ow ners...
M anagers............
All tenants..........
Croppers..........
M ountain_______
M ontana— ..........
Idaho.......... .......
W yoming..............
C o lo rad o ...._____
N ew M exico_____
Arizona_________
U tah— ................
N evada__________
Pacific____________
W ashington______
Oregon.....................
California........ ..
[Acreage in thousands; value in thousands of dollars!
NUMBER OP FARMS ALL LAND IN FARMS VALUE OF LAND
AND BUILDINGS
White Colored W hite Colored
1930 1935 1930 1935 1930 1935 1930 1035
163,566
74,44i
63,727
10,714
580
88,545
37,562
120,775
63,397
58,121
5,276
930
65,448
32,301
840,785
359,469
285,627
73,842
5,207
476,019
132,152
162,755
77.554
63,539
14,Q15
611
84.590
29,509
87,675
42,056
88,107
4,549
681
44,338
17,214
180,029
69,380
47,097
22,283
779
110,770
16,495
400, 42G
169,879
136,884
32,995
3,226
236,321
68,874
230,391
46,311
40,976
15,748
59,355
28,059
10,220
20.591
3,131
254,229
69.555
54,470
130,204
182,180
80,983
69,967
11,016
492
100,705
34,717
142,077
71,936
66,114
5,822
870
69,871
30,757
900,347
405,567
830,787
74,780
5,263
495,517
103,083
181,713
89,319
76,207
13,052
575
01,819
24,625
99.901
50,481
45,617
4,804
499
48,921
16,706
195,501
75,127
63,220
21.901
750
119,615
10,950
429,232
190,640
155,677
34,903
3,430
235,162
50,793
257,432
48, 797
44,343
17,178
63,172
37,177
13,315
30,170
3,280
290,386
82,801
64,058
143,467
93,829
15,931
11,417
4,514
23
77,875
27,572
182,888
22,650
19,261
3,380
69
160,169
102,992
262, 349
50,928
40,362
10,566
209
211, 212
118,487
79,579
11,455
9,058
2,397
23
08,101
45,465
73,770
10,503
8,786
1,717
54
63.213
32.214
22,937
8,334
0,550
1,784
44
14,559
4,560
86,063
20,636
15,968
4,668
88
05,339
36,248
10,923
1,284
698
203
601
3,345
3,953
508
311
7,504
1,349
083
5,472
91,275
15,709
11,057
4,052
24
75,542
33,257
169,006
21,288
18,480
2,808
25
147,693
106,156
231,224
49, 744
41,604
8,240
97
181,383
102,847
71,390
11,343
9,028
1,715
17
59.940
40,978
70,315
10,839
9,274
1,505
20
59,450
33,513
17,824
6,762
5,570
1.192
16
11,040
2,681
71,785
20,800
17,032
3,768
44
50.941
25,675
13,960
1,767
770
309
472
4.192
5,509
525
416
9,181
1,520
768
0,893
13,396
8,214
7,030
1,184
318
4,864
1,575
11.259
7,814
7,203
611
526
2,919
970
172, 690
89.462
68,119
31,344
22,417
00,811
8,478
13,565
8,285
6,713
1.573
285
4,995
1,055
7,040
4,158
3,595
502
856
2,026
535
31.825
15,557
7,244
8,313
943
15,325
1,529
120,260
61.463
40,507
20,896
20,333
38.464
5,358
156,446
44.260
9,200
23,483
28,795
30,578
10,408
5.574
4,060
59,993
13,404
16,476
30,112
15,757
9,132
7,801
1,331
330
0,206
1,027
14,110
9,505
8,630
800
058
3,948
1,040
191,459
102,778
60,251
30, 524
20,059
68, 624
0,580
15,511
9,138
7,659
1,470
413
5,900
920
8,230
4,800
4,198
672
749
2,621
508
33,933
10,015
8,094
8,521
1,156
16,162
1,014
133,770
72,153
46,301
25,852
17, 740
43,882
4,057
172, 770
46, 953
9,895
28,132
20,916
34,170
13,903
6,208
3,000
61, 928
14,548
17,276
30,104
4,159
1,190
917
273
14
2,955
938
6,073
1,731
1,509
221
27
4.315
2,206
11, 216
3, G98
2,822
870
107
7,411
3,231
2,488
705
561
144
7
1,770
961
2.315
603
513
90
20
1, 692
718
1,006
916
623
291
43
1,008
218
4,447
1,475
1,125
350
37
2,935
1,334
1,004
309
57
43
82
244
119
39
21
632
129
73
330
3,904
1,054
827
227
15
2,835
1,100
5,545
1,593
1,303
199
6
3,947
2,254
9, 660
3.230
2,627
609
94
0,320
2,600
2.231
070
560
110
7
1,554
810
2,205
544
477
67
5
1,650
755
1,402
645
464
181
13
744
112
3,822
1,378
1,127
251
69
2,375
917
1,102
550
57
30
62
227
115
31
21
548
132
82
334
W hite,
1935
244,607
156,819
142,612
14,206
19,181
68,608
20,553
3,788, 665
2,009,164
1,393,308
615,850
260,891
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1035, Vol. III.
Colored,
1035
304,913 63, 300
172,202 15, 007
145,884 11, 941
26,318 3, 966
8,626 528
124,085 46,872
33,407 19, 935
120, 231
21, 898
19, 034
2,8G4
284
104, 049
73, 329
241, 047
65, 024
53,123
12, 801
2, 034
1,518,600 173, 000
192,73 G 86, 4SG
313,873 62, 214
175,334 13, 023
144,818 11, 001
30, 510 2,022
14,435 241
124,105 48, 950
23,362 30, 490
233,811 01,705
138,093 11, 040
117,723 9,707
2Q, 371 1,933
20, m 313
75,485 49, 752
18,243 25,684
757,331 27.004
387, 183 13,071
220,209 9,954
166,974 3,117
16,780 324
353,367 13, 009
25,876 2,073
2,483,640 90.005
1,308,554 28,191
910, 558 22,402
397,996 6,729
209,444 1,155
965,642 60,719
125,255 27,740
1,748, 331 20,109
370,922 4,019
304,192 3, 203
166,019 755
415,895 2,802
168,044 4,107
124,823 7, 820
150,475 1,829
41,963 606
3,246,776 78, 103
543,938 8,782
445,140 3, 572
2,257,698 67,748

farm: mortgage debt 653
No. 6 1 7 .— F a r m - M o r t g a g e I n d e b t e d n e s s — S u m m a ry b y T e n u r e o f O p e r ­
a t o r s , 1930 a n d 1935, a n d f o r F a r m s O p e r a t e d b y F u l l O w n e r s , 1910 t o
1935 ____
1935....................... ..................
All
tenures
6,288,648
6,812,350
8.3
All
owners
3,608,394
3,899,091
9.3
Full
owners
2,911,044
3,210,224
10.3
1,231,668
1,270,107
3.1
Part
Managers
owners 1
and
tenants
650,750
688,867
4.9
360,033
349,058
—3.0
2,720,254
2.013,269
7.1
2,623,223 1,591,701
931,522
1935............................... 2,350,313 1,619,165
731,148
-6 .9 1.7
—21.5
40.1 44.6 42.3 54.8 34.2
1935.....................-............. 34.5 41.6 39.6 50.7 25.1
9,214,278 5,676, 268 4,337,225 1,339,043 3,638,010
7, 645,091 4,895,811 3,682,364 1,213,447 2,749,280
-17.0 -13.7 —15.1 -9 .4 -22.3
1935 ..................
Percent ebango, 1030 to 1935............. - ....................
FARMS OPERATED BY PULL OWNERS
N u m b e r o f f a rm s m o rtg a g e d ................... .................................................
P e r c e n t o f to ta l f a r m s ......................... - ........... - .................................
L a n d in f a r m s ...................................................... .........---1 .0 0 0 a c re s--
V a lu e o f a ll f a rm s ( la n d a n d b u ild in g s ) - — .......... 1,000 d o lla r s ..
V a lu e o f m o rtg a g e d farm s (la n d a n d b u i ld i n g s ) ------------ d o —
F a r m m o rtg a g e d e b t ___________________________ 1,000 d o lla r s ..
R a tio o f d e b t to v a lu o ------- --------- ----------------------p e rc e n t—
A v e ra g e v a lu e p e r m o rtg a g e d f a r m .............................. - .....................
Averages d e b t p e r m o rtg a g e d f a r m .......... ....................— .....................
1910 a 1920 a 1930 1935
3,354,897
1,000, 511
3 0.0
404,923
17,310, 539
6,330, 237
3fl.fi
1,720, 173
2 7.3
$fi, 289
$1,715
3,300, 510
1,193,047
36.4
401,250
30, 710, 721
13,775,500
44.9
4,003,757
29.1
$11,540
$3,356
1The debt on the rented portion of part-owner farms is included with tenants.
3 Figuros for mortgaged farms relate only to those reporting amount of mortgage dcht.
2,911, 044
1,231,608
42.3
372,450
182,081
48.9
21,123,408
1.0,055,133
51.9
4,337,225
39.6
$8,895
$3, 521
3,210,224
1,270,107
39.0
300,978
181,808
40.5
14,824,046
7,338,400
49.5
3,682,364
50.2
$5,778
$2,899
N o . 6 1 8 *— F a r m - M o r t g a g e S t a t e s o f F e l l O w n e r s , b y A g e , 1920 a n d 1930,
a n d b y C o l o r a n d A g e , 1 9 3 0
■______________ [Statistics for 1990 axe for Apr. 1; for 1920, Jan. 1]__________________________
AGE GROUP
Total____________ ____—
Reporting age...............................
U n d e r 25 yoars--.................
25 to 34 years........................
35 to 44 years........................
45 to 54 years.........................
55 to 64 years........................
05 y e a rs a n d o v e r .......................
Not r e p o r tin g age........................
Total___ — ........
Reporting age.................
Under 25 years.......
25 to 34 years...........
35 to 44 years...........
45 to 64 years...........
65 to 64 years_____
65 years and over__
Not reporting age_____
Total
3,863,510
3,320,349
08,081
443,272
771,482
870,813
704,620
450,475
46,801
ALL PULL OWNERS
1920 1930
Numbor reporting
farms
Preofrom
mortgage
i
2,149, 270
2,117,459
• 30,111
216,750
422,804
550,833
508,780
374,100
31,817
Mortgaged
1,217,234
1, 203,190
28,070
227,513
348,018
310,080
105,740
82,809
14,044
White (including Mexicans and
Hindus), 1030
Total
2, 752, 787
2,654,678
34,233
237,485
549.577
704,982
640,653
487,746
98,111
Number reporting
farms
1,474, 715
1,427,012
10,748
99,002
236,110
356, 507
379,071
340,484
47,703
Free from
m ortgage
Mortgaged
1, 113,311
1,081,602
13,942
123,647
285,738
313,997
227,431
116,847
31,709
Mortgaged
Unknown
(no report)
164,781
146,062
3,543
14,830
27,729
36,388
34,161
30,415
18,699
Total
2,911,644
2, 808, 122
37,395
260,704
670,845
747,761
078,233
617,134
103,522
Total
168, 857
153,446
3,102
13,279
27,208
42,709
37,580
29,388
5,411
Number reporting
farms
1, 569,178
1, 519, 225
18, 071
106,799
251,900
380,235

6 5 4 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS
N o. 6 1 9 . — F a r m M o r t g a g e s— N u m b e r o p M o r t g a g e d F a r m s a n d A m o u n t
o f M o r tg a g e D e b t , b y St a t e s : 1930 a n d 1935
N o t e .— D ata in tho following table are partly estimated. A part of the sectional differences in changes in
the proportion of farms mortgaged and the trend of mortgage debt from 1930 to 1935 is accounted for by
variations among tho Stntes in the change in the number, acreage, and value of farms. The number
and acreage of farms and tho valuo of land and buildings for 1930 and 1935 are shown for all farms in tables
005 and 607 and for owner farms in tables 011,012, and 015, respectively
NUMBER OP MORTGAGED FARMS
FARM MORTGAGE DEBT
(THOUSANDS OF B01I.A RS)
D IV IS IO N A N D
ST A T E
1030,
total
Total
1835
Owners1
Managers
and
tonants
Percent of
total farms
1 9 3 0 ,
1935
total
1930 1935 Total Owners1 gers Mana­
and
tenants
United States.. 2 , 5 2 3 ,2 2 3 % 3 5 0 ,3 1 3 1 ,6 1 9 ,1 6 5 7 3 1 ,1 4 8 4 0 .1 3 4 .5 0 , 2 1 4 ,2 7 8 7 , 6 4 6 ,0 9 1 4 ,8 9 5 ,8 1 1 2 ,7 4 0 ,2 8 0
New England____ 5 6 ,4 0 3 6 8 ,6 3 3 6 4 ,9 7 4 3 ,6 5 9 4 6 .2 4 3 .4 1 5 1 , 5 8 4 1 8 1 ,9 5 2 1 6 7 ,1 3 8 2 4 ,8 1 4
Maine................ 1 3 ,3 8 8 1 4 ,2 0 3 1 3 ,9 3 5 268 3 4 .3 3 3 .9 2 6 ,5 9 5 3 1 ,4 4 2 2 8 .7 5 1 2 .6 9 1
N. Hampshire__ 5 ,7 4 6 6 ,8 2 2 6 ,3 5 4 4 6 8 3 8 .6 3 8 .0 1 0 ,6 3 2 1 1 ,3 3 5 9 ,8 1 2 1 ,5 2 3
Vermont-....... — 1 3 ,1 9 2 1 3 ,25C 1 2 ,0 4 2 1 ,2 0 8 5 3 .0 4 9 .0 3 2 ,7 4 6 3 2 ,2 8 8 2 6 ,7 9 9 5 ,4 8 9
Massachusetts.. 1 3 ,8 7 3 18, m 1 7 ,2 8 8 0 0 2 5 4 .2 5 1 .8 4 5 ,7 8 2 5 3 ,2 7 0 4 5 ,8 0 7 7 ,4 0 3
Rhode Islan d ... 1 ,2 5 8 1 ,4 2 5 1 ,3 3 4 91 3 7 . Q 3 2 .0 4 ,0 0 6 4 ,5 2 6 3 ,3 5 6 1 ,1 7 1
Conneotiout....... 9 ,0 2 0 1 4 ,7 4 3 1 4 ,0 2 1 7 2 2 5 2 .5 4 5 .8 3 1 ,8 1 7 4 9 ,0 9 1 4 2 ,5 5 4 Oj 537
Kiddle Atlantic... 1 4 4 ,6 7 6 1 4 4 ,8 7 6 1 8 1 ,4 2 1 1 3 ,4 5 5 4 0 . 4 3 6 . 4 4 6 0 , 582 4 0 0 ,7 3 0 3 4 5 ,4 3 8 6 4 ,2 9 2
New York......... 7 2 .4 7 2 7 4 ,1 4 1 0 7 ,2 7 7 0 .8 6 4 4 5 .4 4 1 . 9 2 3 7 ,0 0 3 2 1 2 ,1 5 4 1 7 0 ,8 5 4 3 2 ,3 0 0
. New Jersey____ 1 2 .8 9 0 1 2 ,8 8 9 1 1 ,8 9 3 9 9 6 5 0 .8 4 3 .9 6 5 ,1 0 7 4 9 ,8 8 8 4 1 ,6 4 9 8 ,2 3 9
Pennsylvania... 5 0 ,2 1 4 5 7 ,8 4 6 5 2 ,2 5 1 fi, 595 3 4 .3 3 0 . 2 1 0 8 ,4 7 2 1 4 7 ,0 8 8 1 2 3 ,9 3 5 2 3 ,7 6 3
fi. N. Central____ 4 3 8 ,1 4 1 4 1 0 ,3 6 6 3 4 1 ,6 0 5 7 4 ,7 6 1 4 5 .3 3 8 .4 1 , 8 6 1 ,3 0 5 1, 6 3 2 ,0 3 5 1 ,0 5 3 ,8 7 6 4 7 9 ,0 6 9
Ohio-------------- 7 8 ,1 2 1 7 7 ,7 1 4 6 3 ,3 0 2 1 4 ,3 5 2 3 5 .6 3 0 .5 2 5 9 ,4 8 3 2 2 5 ,9 3 0 1 6 1 ,8 0 7 6 4 ,0 3 3
Indiana.............. 8 2 ,5 4 2 7 9 ,1 1 5 0 0 ,0 6 0 1 8 ,1 5 9 4 5 .5 3 9 . 4 2 4 8 ,7 5 9 2 1 9 ,0 9 6 1 4 4 .2 0 9 7 4 ,7 0 7
Illinois....... ........ 8 7 ,3 2 2 7 1 ,7 0 0 5 1 ,9 0 2 1 9 ,7 9 8 4 0 ,7 3 1 .0 0 1 8 ,9 4 5 4 7 1 ,1 8 8 2 4 6 ,8 6 5 2 2 4 ,3 2 3
Michigan......... 8 2 ,0 1 1 8 2 ,3 0 1 7 2 ,3 0 4 1 0 ,0 5 7 4 9 .0 4 1 .0 2 2 5 .1 0 2 1 7 9 ,7 3 9 1 4 5 ,2 4 6 3 4 ,4 9 3
Wisconsin.......... 1 0 7 ,2 4 6 1 0 5 ,4 0 0 0 3 ,0 8 1 1 2 ,3 8 5 5 9 .6 5 2 .8 5 0 4 ,0 1 6 4 3 6 .9 8 2 3 5 5 ,6 6 9 8 1 ,4 1 3
W. N. Central........ 5 6 8 ,0 6 1 4 9 6 ,6 7 5 3 6 7 ,0 9 8 1 2 8 ,4 7 7 5 0 .6 4 2 .0 3 .5 0 1 .7 8 2 2 ,6 7 8 ,0 6 7 1 . 6 6 2 ,9 8 9 1 ,0 1 3 ,0 7 8
Minnesota......... 0 3 ,9 3 0 8 7 ,7 0 3 7 1 ,0 6 4 1 6 .6 9 9 5 0 .7 4 3 .2 4 0 2 ,8 0 0 4 0 7 ,8 8 8 2 8 1 ,0 3 1 1 2 0 ,2 5 7
Iowa................— 1 1 2 ,6 0 0 0 0 ,7 0 1 6 3 ,7 1 8 3 3 ,0 7 3 5 2 .4 4 3 . 0 1 , 1 8 2 .0 3 0 8 0 9 ,4 3 2 4 7 2 ,6 4 1 3 3 0 ,7 0 1
Missouri......... — 1 1 4 ,9 1 1 1 0 0 ,4 2 3 7 0 ,4 8 6 2 3 ,9 3 7 4 4 .9 3 0 . 1 3 8 4 ,4 1 3 2 6 7 .8 9 3 1 8 4 ,5 1 0 8 3 ,3 7 7
North Dakota__ 4 9 ,1 2 4 4 4 ,9 3 7 3 5 ,2 3 4 9 ,7 0 3 6 3 .0 5 3 . 1 2 2 6 ,1 6 2 2 0 3 ,5 0 7 1 3 2 ,8 7 8 7 0 ,6 8 0
South Dakota__ 4 6 ,0 4 1 3 7 ,4 3 0 2 7 ,4 0 8 9 ,9 0 8 5 5 .4 4 4 . 9 2 7 9 . 44C 2 1 0 ,5 1 5 1 1 4 ,7 8 9 9 5 .7 2 6
Nebraska_____ 6 7 ,9 5 3 5 8 ,2 8 8 4 0 ,9 0 3 1 7 ,3 8 3 5 2 .5 4 3 . 6 5 4 5 ,5 3 0 4 4 8 ,2 9 4 2 7 4 ,00C 1 7 4 ,2 3 4
Kansas............— 7 8 ,4 0 0 0 9 ,9 3 9 5 2 ,2 2 5 1 7 ,7 1 4 4 7 .3 4 0 . 1 3 9 2 ,4 0 8 3 2 8 ,4 7 8 2 0 2 ,4 7 4 1 2 0 ,0 0 4
South Atlantic____ 8 9 8 ,2 1 2 2 7 7 .0 0 6 1 0 6 ,6 3 3 1 1 0 ,0 7 0 2 8 . 2 2 4 . 2 4 6 4 ,0 3 4 4 0 1 ,0 4 0 2 5 9 ,2 5 4 1 4 2 ,6 6 2
Delaware......... 3 , 7 3 2 2 ,0 9 6 2 ,3 2 2 6 7 4 3 8 .4 2 8 .0 1 0 ,2 0 2 1 0 ,4 5 2 0,268 4 ,1 8 4
Maryland *------ 1 6 ,4 0 4 1 3 ,9 0 8 1 1 ,2 1 7 2 ,0 9 1 3 7 .9 3 1 . 2 5 5 ,3 1 5 4 0 , (578 3 2 ,4 4 3 1 4 ,2 3 5
Virginia............. 3 9 ,0 3 9 4 3 ,4 5 1 3 2 .3 8 5 1 1 ,0 6 6 2 2 .9 2 2 .0 8 1 ,7 9 9 7 5 ,1 2 8 5 8 ,1 4 1 1 0 ,0 3 7
West Virginia— 1 5 ,1 8 2 1 7 ,3 0 1 1 4 ,2 9 1 3 ,0 1 0 1 8 .4 1 6 .5 2 3 , 5 3 2 2 3 ,0 0 3 1 0 ,0 2 3 4 ,6 8 0
N . Carolina....... 7 8 ,0 7 0 7 0 ,2 5 1 4 4 .3 9 4 3 1 ,8 5 7 2 7 .0 2 5 . 3 1 0 0 , 0 1 4 8 0 ,0 7 5 6 4 ,2 0 8 3 2 .4 6 7
S . Carolina____ 5 0 ,7 9 1 4 1 ,8 2 0 2 1 ,2 2 0 2 0 ,6 0 9 3 2 .2 2 5 .3 5 7 ,0 0 4 4 8 , G3C 2 6 , 0GC 2 1 ,0 7 0
Georgia_______ 7 9 ,0 0 3 6 5 ,3 6 4 2 8 .3 1 6 3 7 ,0 3 8 3 1 . 2 2 6 . 1 8 7 ,2 4 4 7 0 ,9 7 5 3 9 ,4 8 7 3 7 ,4 8 8
Florida—.........— 1 5 ,3 3 1 1 6 ,5 1 9 1 2 ,4 8 8 4 ,0 3 1 2 6 . 0 . 2 2 . 7 3 7 ,8 7 4 3 3 ,8 0 5 2 3 ,0 2 4 1 0 ,7 8 1
E, S, CentT&l— —_ 3 1 7 ,9 6 8 3 2 5 ,0 0 6 1 0 0 ,3 5 1 1 6 4 ,6 5 4 2 0 .9 2 8 . 6 3 7 8 , 6 7 9 3 4 8 ,9 6 6 2 0 8 ,7 0 8 1 4 0 ,2 0 0
Kentucky........ 5 9 ,0 6 4 0 5 ,2 3 0 4 4 ,4 0 5 2 0 ,8 3 1 2 4 .0 2 3 . 4 1 0 5 ,0 0 7 1 0 1 ,2 3 7 7 2 ,4 3 3 . 2 8 ,8 0 4
Tennessee_____ 0 9 ,8 0 6 6 4 ,0 7 0 3 8 ,9 2 0 2 0 .0 5 3 2 4 .4 2 3 .7 9 1 ,8 8 1 8 3 ,8 0 1 5 4 ,2 3 4 2 9 .6 2 7
Alabama______ 8 9 ,8 0 0 8 3 ,0 1 1 3 8 ,0 4 3 4 4 .3 6 8 34.11 3 0 . 4 8 7 ,2 7 4 7 8 ,5 6 4 4 0 ,1 8 7 3 8 ,3 7 7
Mississippi------- 1 0 9 ,1 3 8 111, 770 3 8 ,3 7 7 7 3 ,4 0 2 3 4 . 9 3 5 . 9 0 4 ,4 1 7 8 5 ,3 0 4 4 1 ,9 1 2 4 3 ,3 9 2
W . S. Central____ 4 5 1 ,4 9 2 3 8 6 ,1 6 6 1 9 0 ,6 5 1 195, 515 4 0 .9 3 4 .0 1 ,0 4 4 ,3 0 4 8 7 7 ,6 3 7 4 6 2 ,2 0 6 4 1 5 ,9 3 1
Arkansas.........— 9 3 ,6 1 8 8 0 ,7 3 4 4 0 .6 0 6 4 0 ,0 0 8 3 8 .0 3 1 . 9 0 7 ,0 3 2 7 1 ,1 5 5 3 8 ,3 0 8 3 2 ,7 6 7
Louisiana.......... 5 6 ,0 3 0 5 0 ,4 4 7 2 1 ,8 0 7 2 8 . 04C 3 4 .1 2 0 . 0 7 0 ,8 0 2 5 5 .2 2 5 3 0 ,2 2 8 2 4 ,9 0 7
Oklahoma........ 1 0 3 ,8 6 3 7 8 ,7 2 0 4 1 ,4 0 1 3 7 ,3 2 8 61. (1 3 6 . 9 2 4 0 ,4 8 0 1 9 6 ,2 8 3 0 7 ,4 1 1 0 8 .8 7 2
Texas.--._____ 1 9 9 ,0 8 1 1 7 0 ,2 5 6 8 0 ,7 7 7 8 9 ,4 7 9 4 0 . 2 3 6 . 2 0 3 5 ,9 8 4 5 5 4 ,8 7 4 2 9 0 ,1 6 9 2 5 8 ,7 0 5
Mountain..— ___ 1 1 7 ,8 6 0 1 0 2 ,6 4 0 8 4 ,6 7 8 1 8 ,0 7 3 4 3 . 8 3 7 .8 5 3 4 ,0 5 6 4 6 2 ,4 3 1 2 7 8 ,6 0 4 183,7 3 7
Montana......... 2 5 ,2 0 3 2 1 ,0 9 1 1 7 ,7 4 1 3 ,3 5 0 5 3 .2 4 1 . 7 1 2 0 ,4 6 0 9 0 ,9 1 8 5 8 ,2 0 1 4 1 ,7 1 7
Idaho.................. 2 3 ,6 2 3 2 0 ,0 5 1 1 7 ,1 5 2 3 ,4 9 9 5 6 .4 4 5 . 8 1 0 3 , 663 0 7 ,3 0 0 6 2 ,3 5 5 3 5 ,0 1 1
Wyoming_____ 8 ,0 8 3 7 ,7 0 4 0 ,6 5 3 1 ,0 5 1 6 4 . 2 4 4 . 1 4 3 ,7 8 7 4 3 ,8 7 3 2 6 ,0 2 0 17,8 5 3
Colorado______ 3 0 ,0 6 7 2 4 ,9 7 0 1 8 .5 2 2 0 ,4 5 7 5 1 . 1 3 9 . 2 1 3 7 ,8 0 6 1 1 2 ,5 0 4 6 0 ,3 2 0 52,1 8 4
New Mexico___ 7 ,8 7 6 8 ,2 1 8 6 ,3 0 2 1 ,9 1 4 2 5 .1 1 9 .9 3 0 ,0 9 8 2 3 ,6 9 2 1 3 ,6 1 7 1 0 ,0 7 5
Arizona..........— 5 ,7 1 0 6 ,0 3 5 4 ,3 0 6 726 4 0 .3 2 6 .8 3 4 .0 8 5 2 7 ,0 4 5 1 4 ,7 7 0 12,2 7 5
U tah................... 1 4 ,6 1 8 1 3 ,2 6 6 1 2 ,4 8 7 760 5 3 .8 4 3 . 2 4 8 ,6 3 9 4 3 .3 5 8 3 3 ,9 5 4 9 ,4 0 4
Nevada.......... — 1 ,6 2 0 1 ,7 1 7 1 ,4 1 0 3 0 7 4 4 . 2 4 0 . 6 1 4 ,8 6 2 1 4 ,6 7 5 9 ,4 5 7 5 ,2 1 8
1 3 6 ,4 5 0 1 3 3 ,4 4 4 111, 8 5 6 2 1 ,5 8 8 5 1 .8 4 4 . 6 8 3 7 ,1 5 2 7 5 8 ,6 2 7 4A7,Afift
Washington....... 3 6 ^ 8 3 0 3 6; 2 6 0 3 1 ,7 1 6 4 .5 4 6 6 0 .5 4 3 . 0 1 4 1 ,5 7 7 1 3 0 ,7 0 0 8 8 ,7 3 8 47,0 7 1
Oregon............. 2 8 ,4 0 4 2 0 ,7 4 0 2 4 ,0 0 7 4 ,8 3 3 5 1 .5 4 6 . 9 1 2 2 ,1 2 3 1 1 9 , 67C 8 1 ,0 0 2 38,0 0 8
California........ 7 1 ,2 1 6 6 7 ,4 4 4 5 5 ,2 3 4 1 2 ,2 1 0 5 2 .5 4 4 . 9 6 7 3 ,4 6 2 4 0 7 ,1 4 8 2 0 7 ,0 5 0 200,098
1 The number of owned farms mortgaged includes farms operated by full owners and part owners. For
mortgage debt, the debt on the rented portion of part-owner farms is Included with tenants.
1District of Columbia figures included with Maryland.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of the Census, press release No. 48; and Dept, of Agriculture, But. of
Agricultural Economics; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.

FARM MORTGAGE DEBT 655
No. 620.— M ortgaged Farm s O p e ra te d by F e l l O w n ers—N um ber, A creage,
and V alue, and A m ount of M o rtg a g e D e b t, by S ta te s : 1930 and
1935
N ote.—See hendnoto table 619. Data in the following table include estimates for farms of full owners
who did not report their mortgage status or amount of mortgage debt
DIVISION AND
STATE
NUM BER OF MORTGAGED
FARMS OPERATED BY
FULL OW NERS
1030 1035
ACREAGE V A L U E (THOUSANDS
(THOUSANDS) OF DOLLARS)
MORTGAGE DEBT
(THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
Percent of
total full
owner
farms 1930 1935 1930 1035 1930 1935
1930 1935
United States... 1,231, 668 1,270,107 42.3 89.6 182,081 181, 888 10, 955, 133 7,338,406 4,337,225 3,682,334
New England.......... 48, 609 59, 963 46,3 46.1 6,327 6,628 S49, 782 339,830 123, 709 144,743
Maine........ ......... 12,158 13, 017 34.3 36.3 1, 53C 1,570 71, 509 57,902 24, 281 26, 624
New Hampshire. 6,019 5,513 38.7 38.2 614 610 24, 835 20,834 8, 058 8,091
Vermont.............. 11,153 11,369 54. C 52.9 1,792 1,700 03,121 49, 030 20, 088 24, 074
Massachusetts... 11, 724 16,865 64.8 62.6 767, 870 100,534 07,130 30, 080 42,080
Rhode Island___ 970 1,145 38.4 35.4 60 05 8, 751 7.839 2,845 2.044
Connecticut........ 7,646 13, 054 62.9 47.1 564 738 80,974 107,030 24,657 30,724
Middle Atlantic___ 116.800 118,098 42.0 39.1 11,100 10,502 911, 598 633,311 351,418 305.006
New York........... 58,104 58,483 46.8 43.7 0,350 0.000 461,655 326,121 178,731 153,320
New Jorsoy......... 10,308 10,08C 53.1 40.9 023 593 112,92C 84,503 41,598 37,075
Pennsylvania___ 48, 298 48,635 35.0 33.3 4,121 3,909 337, 023 222,988 131,089 114,094
E. N. Central_____ 268,107 209, 864 48.6 43.8 26,481 25, 811 2, 228,005 1,511,236 1,000,244 336,004
O hio................... 49,148 52,286 30.1 34.1 4.049 4,008 356,845 253,846 153, 255 133.251
Indiana________ 44,074 46,030 45.2 43.4 3,081 4,067 297, 240 215,400 110, 430 107,600
Illinois................. 34,836 33,911 41. C 39.0 4,214 3,872 486,542 300,049 213, 018 107,025
Michigan______ 57,954 57,505 48.7 43.3 5,201 4,972 352,726 236,582 140,504 118,491
Wisconsin............ 80,145 80,132 60.4 68.3 8,080 8,892 734,652 504,740 367,077 308,971
W, w. Central____ 240,883 287,299 62.6 50.4 46,526 43, 566 3,109,129 1,864,419 1,362, 695 1.092.000
Minnesota____ 51,924 51, 208 53.0 50.6 7,434 7,032 548,155 337,924 245, 306 200,077
Iowa..................... 40,850 48, 207 58.5 55.5 7,209 6,050 977,534 555,005 474, 713 359,574
Missouri.............. 00, 476 57. 603 47.3 43.7 7,834 7, 070 430,307 234,028 104, 832 138, 083
North Dakota__ 16, 027 IS, 906 03.1 62.0 6, 658 5,092 108, 242 127,407 04, 275 62,190
South Dakota__ 12, 291 12,104 54.0 60.6 3,834 3,501 177,404 93,917 70, 102 65,074
Nebraska............. 24, 335 24, 195 50. 2 56. 4 7, 441 7,038 408,950 291,209 182,751 157,424
Kansas.................. 20,981 27, 777 47. 2 40.0 6,117 0,200 338, 419 224,809 120,556 112,378
134,834 144,379 28.9 27.4 14, 830 15,080 748,438 626,047 268,419 233,408
Delaware___.... 2, 372 2,322 40.8 37.7 106 177 15, 025 11,072 0,119 6,802
M aryland".......... 11,237 10,025 30. fl 37.1 1, 04(3 1032 80,567 63, 025 34,785 30.566
Virginia............... 24,780 28,166 23.0 23.2 3, 015 3,008 178, 077 123,508 56, 501 62, 560
West Virginia__ 11,395 13, 071 ms 18,9 1, 377 1,390 57, 440 39,842 37, 792 17,164
N orth Carolina.. 34,417 35,562 20.7 27.7 2,002 3,018 146.050 100,299 61,877 46, 244
South Carolina... 16,364 17,302 35.0 33.7 1,840 1,882 70.876 49,845 28,216 23. 220
24,687 26,074 35.0 33.8 3.479 3,594 90,034 71,909 39, 656 35,803
Florida................. 9,592 11,367 27.0 24.8 877 025 90, 503 64,887 24, 074 22,119
182, 020 187, 603 33.2 31.2 14,416 14,484 530, 5S1 373,233 191,185 180,445
Kentucky........... 36,210 37,051 20.0 24.0 3, 039 MP» 178,010 127,003 64,843 62.524
Tennesseo............ 30.199 32,035 27.6 20.1 3,070 3,075 WO, 457 99,390 50, 561 40,303
32, 244 32.453 42.0 30.8 3,020 3,500 102,465 60,702 38, 207 33,746
Mississippi_____ 34,373 36,404 44.4 41.0 4,088 4,290 1 ^ , 742 70,138 37, 514 87,873
136,318 147.843 41.8 39.7 3S, 320 80JM 1,047,160 758,407 363, 006 337, 945
Arkansas............. 29,540 32,342 40.7 37.7 3,075 3,278 101,939 68, 323 38,776 31.921
Louisiana............. 10,900 10,814 36.0 30.1 1,803 1,046 78, 093 54,803 30, 092 26, 441
Oklahoma............ 27, 263 27.100 50. R 40.1 4,020 4,659 100,232 130,408 67, 267 59, 971
Texas.— ........ 62,023 68,581 41.0 39.7 23,831 27,112 007, 290 501,812 226, 871 219, 612
62,18S 68,972 47.7 89.0 10, 096 18, 621 686,621 402, 964 229, 041 182. 403
10,302 0, 010 61.5 44.7 5,300 4,742 97,793 64,819 39,247 28, 509
Idaho_________ 14,105 14,048 58.3 54.0 2,472 2,431 134,567 07,003 53, 395 45, 050
Wyoming.......... 4.149 3,861 52,5 47.0 2,623 2,264 41, 291 28, 249 14, 322 11, 417
13,912 12,049 51.7 45.0 4,285 4,232 135,488 87,300 53,305 40, 256
New Mexico____ 4,343 4,566 21,8 lfl.7 2.174 1,936 30,072 24, 381 12, 348 9,856
3,932 3,390 40.4 26.9 438 580 41,201 27,944 16,610 11, 500
U tah ................... 10,268 0,570 53.9 45.4 1,852 1,043 88. 208 57,521 31, 743 20,051
Nevada......... — . 1, 112 1,279 46.1 48.3 782 792 22, 001 15,287 9,071 8, 458
93,900 96,086 63.1 47.9 11.126 11,146 1,433,879 930, 658 467,568 370. 201
25,353 27,008 51.0 40.1 2,403 2,320 232,570 150,200 78,373 05, 958
19,067 20.448 52.0 47.9 3,775 3,022 192,226 133,307 60, 440 57, 246
California______ 49,480 48,632 54.7 48.9 4,888 5,205 1,009, 084 041, 061 322, 755 240, 007
• District of Columbia figures included with Maryland.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of the Census, press release No. 48; and reports of Dept. of. Agriculture,
Bur. of Agricultural Economics.

656 FARMS--- GENERAL STATISTICS'
No. 6 2 1 .— T a x e s on Farm s Owned W h o lly by O p erato rs, by S ta te s : 1929
_____ [Acreage in thousand*; all money figures, exoept average tax per acre, in thousands of dollars]
FARMS O PER A TED B Y FULL OW NERS REPORTING TOTAL TAX ES AND
REAL-ESTATE TAXES
DIVISION AND STATE
All farms
operated
by full
owners,
number
Number
of farms
Per
cent
reportnag
Acreage
Value of
land and
buildings
Taxes on
all farm
propsrty
Taxes on land and
buildings
Total
Average
per
acre
Ratio
to
value
(per
cent)
United States__ 8,911,044 2, 605,167 88.1 326,900 18,841,822 281,403 238,940 SO. 73 1.27
H ew England................ 107,300 06,741 90.2 10,666 630,572 12,204 9,921 .94 1. 57
M ain e................ — 35,408 32, 303 91.1 3,781 162,866 3,690 2,800 .74 1.83
Now H am pshire.. 12, 900 11,021 85.0 1,354 51,500 1,270 1,009 .79 2.08
V erm ont________ 20,062 10,358 93.7 2,858 104.221 M07 1,591 .66 1. 53
M assacliusotts___ 21,410 19,410 90.7 1,394 169,916 3,381 2,830 2.04 1.67
IUiodo Island____ 2,523 2,160 86.6 173 17,904 226 102 1. 11 1,07
C onnecticut_____ 14,271 1% 489 87.5 1,006 134,175 1,668 1,430 1.42 1.07
M iddle A tlantia........... 878,103 249,167 B9.6 22,042 1,713,966 28,173 26,434 1.17 1.64
Now York_______ 124,206 114,172 91.9 11,861 814,102 12,103 11,486 .97 1.41
Now Jersey______ 10, 604 16, 564 84.0 976 172,170 3,141 2,745 2.81 1.50
Pennsylvania____ 134,423 118,431 88.1 9, 806 727,017 12,029 12,208 1.24 1.68
East North Central___ 670,600 521,402 91.4 49,966 4,016,888 76,484 86,193 1.30 1.62
Ohio..................... 130, 332 124,572 91,4 10, 401 826,522 18,263 14,060 1.43 1.81
Indiana_________ 97, 663 87,027 89.2 7, 605 533,700 13,236 10,787 1.42 2.02
Illinois.............— . 85,069 70,064 90.5 8, 511 «SU 11,407 9,766 1.16 1.10
M ichigan_______ 118,028 107,248 90.2 9,467 649,949 14,400 18,455 1.42 2.07
W isconsin_______ 132,778 125,591 94.0 13,902 1,120,815 19,170 16,226 1.17 1.46
West N orth Central— 467,770 418,881 91.5 72,480 4,895,181 62.806 53,600 .74 1.09
M innesota______ 97,878 01,588 93.6 12,423 927,764 13,242 11,707 .94 1.26
Iow a------------------ 86,272 76,189 88.2 10,007 1,343,765 15,455 13,724 1,37 1.02
M issouri________ 127,980 119,490 93.4 14,940 704,407 8,028 7,123 .48 .00
N orth D akota___ 23,807 21,320 89.6 7,940 237,600 4,280 3,688 .46 1.55
South D akota___ 22,372 18,330 81,0 5,438 202,803 4,014 3,354 .62 1.28
N ebraska............... 43,301 40,134 92.7 10, 996 723,606 7,616 6,118 .66 .85
K ansas_________ 57,151 62,828 92.4 10, 730 006,167 0,072 7,886 .78 1.30
South Atlantic_______ 407,100 410,380 87.9 39, 849 1,834.644 24,787 19,639 .50 1.08
Delaw are________ 5,816 5,010 86.3 381 31,052 209 238 .63 .75
M ary lan d_______ 28,333 22,706 80.3 1,932 102,720 2,149 1,873 .97 1,15
D Ist. of CnI........... 53 63 100.0 1 1,527 16 14 21.18 .00
V irginia_________ 104,950 07,440 02.8 9,994 519,918 4,694 3,546 .85 .68
W est Virginia___ 60,681 65,563 01.7 fi, 873 227,078 8,859 2,065 .50 1. 30
N o rth C arolina... 116,705 103,684 80.5 8,477 376,428 6.360 5.109 .00 1.36
South Carolina— 45,515 40,836 89.7 3,940 144,925 2,248 1,810 .40 1.25
Georgia_________ 70,606 60,133 83.8 7,247 188,971 2,926 2,339 .32 1.24
Florida_________ 35,480 25,027 73.1 2,004 iso, no 2,261 1,945 .97 1.08
East South Central___ 397, 594 342,303 86.1 34,014 1,171,792 17,341 14,714 .43 1.26
K entucky_______ 135,215 113,609 84.1 10,873 464.321 5,511 4,601 .42 1.01
Tonnesseo_______ 100, 803 94,737 86.2 8,623 348,766 4; 479 4,207 .49 1.21
A labam a________ 75,144 65,964 87.8 0,965 183,057 2,126 1,731 .25 .06
M ississippi______ 77,382 67,013 87.8 7,653 185,658 6,225 4,175 .55 2,25
West South Central___ 325,989 276,222 84.4 49,097 1,636.814 19,777 15,774 .92 .26
A rkansas________ 72,697 64,476 88.8 6,528 185,149 2,334 1,078 .26 .91
Louisiana_______ 46,893 37,347 79.6 3,235 134,130 2,268 1,850 .57 1.30
Oklahoma_______ 53,647 42,787 79.8 0,030 290,707 4,477 3,759 .67 1.29
Texas___ _______ 152,852 130,613 85.5 32, 704 1,026,828 10,608 8,478 .26 .83
M ountain___ _____ __ 130,287 99,468 78.3 SO, 141 823,374 14,004 10,777 .36 1.31
M o n ta n a .-______ 20,101 16,080 70,7 7,036 137,045 2,222 1,636 .21 1.19
Idaho.................. 24,194 20,233 83.6 3,387 174,516 3,140 2,586 .76 1.48
W yom ing............. 7,800 6,151 77.0 3,793 54,807 848 667 .15 1.03
Colorado................ 20,929 21,038 81.5 0,203 186,736 3,285 2,564 .41 1.38
Now Moxlco......... 10,030 12,815 61,8 4,139 59,367 878 655 .16 1.10
Arieona.................. 9, 727 4,456 45.8 911 51,047 862 681 .75 1.31
U ta h .................... 19,046 16,461 80.4 2,873 128,818 2,245 1,729 .65 1.36
N evada................ 2,404 1,884 70.6 1,100 31,584 524 360 .33 1.14
Pacific_______ ____ _ 178,751 151,584 85.8 17,184 2,118,924 26,827 22,688 1.32 1.07
W ashington.......... 49, 702 43,907 88.3 3, 790 361,602 4,967 4,361 1.15 1.21
Oregon.................. 30, 074 32,190 87.8 5,467 290,720 3,901 3,309 .62 1.17
. California............. • 90,375 76,478 83.5 7, 897 1,466,612 16,899 14,028 1.80 1.02
Source: D epartm ent of Commerce. Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Agriculture,
Vol. IV.

FARM HOUSING AND POPULATION 657
No. 6 2 2 .— F a r m P o p u l a t i o n , H o u s in g , a n d Labor, b y S t a t e s : 1935
N ote.—Farm population Includes all persons living on farms without regard to their occupations. For
farm population by Stat es, Jan. 1920 and Apr. IS, 1930, as reported at the decennial census of population,
see table 12, p. 9. See also footnote 3, table 603, p. 634
PERSONS WORK­
FARM POPULATION, JAN. 1, 1036 1 FARM DWELLINGS, JAN. 1, 1935
ING ON FARMS
FIRST WEEK OF
JAN. 1035
DIVISION
AND STATE
Total
number
White
Colored
Persons
not
living
on a
farm 5
years
earlier1
Occupied dwellings
Farms
reporting
N um ­
ber
Unoccupied
dwellings
Farms
report*
Num ­
ing
ber
Farms
with
no
dwellings
reported
Family
labor
HiTed
help
u. s ___ 31,800,907 27,058,861 4,742,066 1,096,268 6,422,088 7,360,212 401,464 484,197 322,859 10,708,018 1,846,603
New Eng-
Maine..
N. H —
Vt.........
Mass—
R. I —
Oonn...
Mid, AU-.
N. Y—
N. J—
Pa.........
E, N. C—
Ohio— ,
Ind.......
Ill.........
Mioh—
Wis—
W.N.C—
Minn—
Iowa__
Mo.......
N. Dak-
S. Dak-
N eb.—
Kans.--
S, Atl.......
Del.......
M d.......
D. of C.
Va........
W . V a-
N. C —
S. C—
Ga........
Fla.......
E. S. C—
Ky.......
Tenn—
Ala.......
Miss— -
w.s.c__
Ark___
La.........
Okla__
Tex___
Mountain.
Mont—
Idaho--
Wyo__
Oolo__
N. Mex
Ariz___
Utah—
Nev___
Pacific___
Wash—
Oreg.—
Calif- - -
711,480
184,697
70,007
122,655
103,219
21,751
143,157
1,903, 988
784,483
144,368
075.082
4,709, 078 4, 747, 667
1,127,405 1,119, 847
852, 094 860,899
1,017, 650 1, Oil, 883
840, 514 837, 464
930, 515 927, 644
fi, 108,220 5, 051, 488
928,487 920, 487
967,079 967, 201
1,183,499 1, 154, 044
385,614 879, 487
358,204 345, 748
580,094 578, 923
703,748 698, 859
6,203, 592 4, 299, 377
48, 558 41, 401
241, 596 190, 735
532 466
1,053,469 784, 460
501,919 557, 604
1,623,481
948,436
1,405,944
319,658
234, 070
5.385,291 3,912, 241
1,807,816 1, 204, 503
1,308,420 1, 138, 603
1,386,074 895, 308
1,332,981 613, 807
5,387,844 4, 209, 015
1, 180,238 869,171
859,351 488, 211
1,015,562 016, 026
2,332, 693 1, 944, 707
1,188,018 1,118, 616
195,262 187, 096
198.083 106, 614
74, 507 72, 862
276, 108 273, 007
189,358 171, 466
100.083 08, 601
138,242 135, 488
15,385 13, 002
1,193,445
335,840
248,767
608,838
708, 781
184, 601
75,079
122, 560
161,618
21, 578
142, 645
1, 888,918
779,922
139,439
070,657
1,162, 496
438, 404
880, 613
1,121, 798
326,804
244, 734
550,260
2,706
90
28
95
1,701
173
612
14,015
4,561
4,929
4,525
21,411
7, 588
2,095
5,767
3,020
2, 971
56, 781
2,000
088
28,855
6,127
12, 456
1, 771
4, 884
1,904,215
7, 007
41, 861
66
209,009
4,255
460, 986
510, 031
525,331
85,579
1,428,050
43, 313
189, 917
490,700
710,114
1,178,829
321,007
371,140
08, 030
387, 080
68, 403
7,207
3, 309
1, 055
3,191
17, 902
31, 482
2, 754
1, 783
71,047
0,030
4,033
58,578
81,808
17,148
11,200
12, 276
20.356
2,638
18,186
195, 881
81, 614
18,009
96,758
149.658
40,092
17,147
25,741
33,002
4,078
29,508
383,214
108,209
28,818
180,127
414,604 1,046,597
105,297 244,451
74, 518 193,461
61,019 225,093
110,413 188,827
03.357 104,705
279, 008 1,125,039
40, 670 106, 021
51,168 214,484
81,058 207,170
11, 662 77,193
12,950 78,350
23,299 128,814
48,396 162,992
264,778 1,072,088
3,304 10,134
11,570 42,908
90 82
40,053 180,895
47,160 100,409
50, 227 280,710
82, 510 154,720
57, 682 236, 501
22,287 59,726
214,067 1,058,370
01,320 257,845
59,400 250,192
03, 065 258,227
20, 076 292,112
266, 90S 1,062, 690
51,763 240,139
31.186 102,978
71.186 200,951
112, 774 458,622
114,166 248,926
15, 074 40,150
17,000 41,910
8,840 16,484
26,920 50,006
24,745 38,050
10, 082 17,081
9,198 26,203
1,647 3,306
164,037 274,900
47,818 81,106
45,141 01,137
71,078 132.658
197,810
43, 642
18,065
28,493
37,660
4,803
34,107
442,333
195,207
34,420
213,140
1,165,086
278,357
218,209
252.090
208,456
207,905
1,213,147
208,321
232.088
297, 778
80,845
82,010
138, 554
175, 551
1, 304,438
12,124
54, 060
19Q
223, 296
117,043
325, 377
191,440
304,425
75, 940
1,195, 528
200,843
291,197
299.088
318, 800
1, 241, 673
276, 358
192,477
220, 200
644,529
202, 709
51,868
48,413
19,908
69,394
44,679
25,032
29,170
4, 245
337.090
02, 972
70,673
173,445
10,303 13,217
2,533 2.007
1,115
2,110 2,460
I , 2,433707
203
2, 005
23,015
14,207
1,423
7,025
50, 642
12,041
8,780
0,200
12,024
7,807
64,149
0,797
0,002
14, 013
5, 953
4,853
6, 460
8,181
78,119
402
2,850
3
13,876
4,830
17,820 20,259
I I, 14,517 378
22, 754
4,194
60,162
13,130
14, 931
12, 020
10,081
09, 754
11,164
6, 769
10,014
41,807
36, 882
8, 511
4, 501
3,504
10,325
3,918
3,048
2,456
619
27,868
7,189
6,809
13,870
4,909 192,869
1,061 62,476
I , 294 401 22,157
622 34,336
1,473 43,130
401 180 5,256
3,549 1,339 35,509
28,990 9,297 632,832
17,038 5,425 232.231
1,004 392 42,073
9,148 3,480 258,528
55,114 26,792 1,524,019
12,005 8,088 338,303
9,466 5,794 287,455
10,010 4,806 317,549
13,932 4,750 270,955
8,735 3,264 309,667
69,644 42,776 1,722, 039
8,117 5,130 317,401
7,377 6,314 319,780
16, 615 8,824 393,202
6, 871 6,746 128,602
5,198 3,267 119,256
6,790 3, 630 106,200
8,870 9,865 248,499
94, 872 66,442
446 177
3,349 1,194
3 7
16,121 9,063
5, 305 3.437
20, 583
5,289
60, 073
14, 503
16, 065
15,145
13,669
87, 10B
13,969
9,765
I I , 140
52,234
48,096
11,172
5,425
5,438
13,216
5,052
4,221
2.7 28
844
37,083
8,915
9,092
19,076
18,296
9,680
12,452
12,136
72,628
18,623
21,673
14,144
18,288
87,459
11,740
6,674
11,112
37,917
14, S20
2,564
1,978
452
2,081
2,618
970
3.437
220
18,183
2.032
2.032
14,110
2,033, 708
13,174
60,848
105
280,796
150,963
678,578
333,090
510.386
90,760
2,031,214
414,222
421,474
588,692
606,826
1, 885,662
455.387
331,359
340,575
849,840
874,426
68,304
00,763
23,881
92,431
58,688
26,843
38,808
4,813
365,244
109,910
88,102
172.232
83.440
11.440
6,067
10,823
19,247
2,536
13,328
130,068
67,761
17,182
54,132
224,444
49,537
34,070
40,294
30,102
52,361
196,158
38,846
48,532
40,742
13,406
8,209
20,300
26,034
358,176
8,057
22, 973
257
52,310
15,032
59,321
53.140
91,458
00,027
180,026
36,015
30,496
48,072
36,542
359,420
39,974
56,416
81,444
131,592
84.141
13,523
8,812
7,001
15,228
11,364
20,064
6,183
2,006
180,728
17,608
15,287
127,873
1Farms reporting population are identical with farms reporting occupied dwellings. For total numbers
of farms by States, see tabic 609.
} Does not include children under 5 years of age.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1936, Vol. IH .

No. 6 2 3 .—P ast-T ime W ork off F arms—Operators R eporting, by N umber op D ays Worked, 1929 and 1934, and by Occupation
and Color and Tenure or Operator, 1934
{“ 'White** innlinfos and TTin^nc: “ Colored” includes Negroes, Indians, Chinese, Japanese, and all other nonwhites]
Y EA H, COLOR, AND T E N U R E
1929
1934
FARM OPERATORS REPO RTING DAYS W O RK ED OPF FARM
TOR PAY OR INCOME
N u m b e r
T o t a l
P e r c e n t o f
a ll fa r m s
1 t o 49
d a y s
50 t o 99
d a y s
100 d a y s
a n d o v e r
F a r m o p e r ­
a t o r s r e ­
p o r t i n g
“ N o n e ”
DAYS W O RK ED OFF
FARM
N u m b e r
A v e r a g e
n u m b e r p e r
o p e r a t o r
r e p o r t i n g
1 ,9 0 2 , 898 3 0 .3 8 4 4 ,1 7 0 3 3 5 ,4 5 9 723,2 6 9 1 8 9 ,8 6 8 ,3 8 8 100
FARM OPERATORS. REPO RTING, CLAS­
SIFIED B Y PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION
OFP FARM
A g r ic u l­
t u r a l
N o n a g r i -
c u l t u r a l
U n c la s s i­
f i e d ox n o t
r e p o r t i n g
A l l f a r m o p e r a t o r s _______________ ..____ 2, 0 7 7 ,4 7 4 SO. 5 956,1 0 0 3 6 0 ,6 0 2 7 6 0 ,7 7 2 4 ,5 5 4 ,6 5 0 2 0 2 ,2 2 8 ,2 4 7 97 2 7 8 ,6 2 2 1 ,4 8 3 ,7 1 9 3 1 5 ,1 3 3
O w n e r s ________________________________________ 1 ,1 8 4 ,6 9 0 3 0 .4 4 6 6 ,5 7 3 1 9 7 ,0 4 4 5 2 1 ,0 7 3 2 ,6 1 7 ,3 9 6 1 3 5 ,8 0 8 ,8 4 1 115 110,391 9 1 0 ,5 6 8 163,731
F u l l o w n e r s ____________________ __________ 9 3 6 ,3 2 4 2 9 .8 3 3 6 .3 5 9 1 5 6 ,8 3 5 4 6 3 ,1 3 0 2 ,1 7 0 ,0 7 7 1 1 9 ,2 1 1 ,7 6 5 125 8 1 ,0 3 2 737,5 2 4 1 3 7 ,7 6 8
P a r t o w n e r s _____ ____ __________ _______ 2 2 8 ,3 6 6 3 3 .2 1 3 0 ,2 1 4 4 0 ,2 0 9 5 7 ,9 4 3 4 4 7 ,3 1 9 1 6 ,5 9 7 ,0 7 6 73 2 9 ,3 5 9 1 7 3 ,0 4 4 2 5 ,9 6 3
M a n a g e r s -------------- -------- --------------------------------- 5 ,6 3 4 1 1 .7 1 ,3 2 7 786 3 ,5 2 1 3 6 ,3 7 7 9 2 9 ,2 1 1 165 1 ,4 2 6 3 ,3 8 4 824
A ll t e n a n t s _____________________________________ 8 8 7 ,1 5 0 3 1 .0 4 8 8 ,2 0 0 1 6 2 ,7 7 2 2 3 6 ,1 7 8 1 ,9 0 0 , B77 6 5 ,4 9 0 ,1 9 5 74 166,8 0 5 569,7 6 7 150, 578
C r o p p e r s * _______________ ____________ 1 8 4 ,0 1 8 2 5 .7 1 1 0 ,0 8 9 3 5 ,2 7 2 3 8 ,6 5 7 5 1 0 ,3 1 5 1 1 ,2 2 3 ,8 0 9 61 6 4 ,8 8 1 7 7 ,3 1 7 4 1 ,8 2 0
O t h e r t e n a n t s ___________________ ________ 7 0 3 ,1 3 2 3 2 .7 378, 111 1 2 7 ,5 0 0 197, 521 1 ,3 9 0 ,5 6 2 5 4 ,2 6 6 ,3 8 6 77 1 0 1 ,9 2 4 4 9 2 ,4 5 0 1 0 8 ,7 5 8
W h ite f a r m o p e r a t o r s ________ _________________ 1 .8 6 4 ,4 8 5 3 1 .3 8 3 5 ,4 6 3 319, 908 709,1 1 4 3, 939,1 1 8 1 8 8 ,0 0 3 ,4 8 1 101 218, 545 1 ,3 9 3 , 808 252, 332
O w n e r s . . , . . - _________________ ___________ 1 .1 1 7 ,4 0 0 3 0 .3 4 3 8 ,1 5 3 181,415 4 9 7 ,8 3 2 2 ,4 8 0 ,2 3 7 1 2 9 ,8 4 5 ,3 7 6 116 ZOO, 583 8 7 4 ,4 1 2 142, 406
F o i l o w n e r s ________ __________ _______ 9 0 2 ,7 6 7 2 9 .7 3 1 5 ,1 8 3 1 4 4 ,1 5 $ 4 4 3 ,4 2 6 £ 0 5 6 ,1 7 9 1 1 4 ,2 9 1 ,1 2 8 127 7 3 ,8 1 5 7 0 8 ,7 8 9 120,1 6 3
P a r t o w n e r s _________________________ 2 1 4 ,6 3 3 3 3 .0 122,9 7 0 3 7 ,2 5 7 5 4 ,4 0 6 4 2 4 ,0 5 8 1 5 ,6 5 4 ,2 4 8 73 2 6 ,7 6 8 165,6 2 3 2 2 ,2 4 2
M a n a g e r s ------------------------------ -------- ---------- 5 ,5 1 5 11.8 1 ,3 0 9 766 3 ,4 4 0 3 5 ,4 0 8 9 0 8 ,2 6 2 165 1 ,3 8 4 3 ,3 3 2 799
A l l t e n a n t s - _____:______ ________________ 7 4 1 ,5 7 0 3 3 .4 396, G01 1 3 7 ,7 2 7 2 0 7 ,8 4 2 1 ,4 2 3 ,4 7 3 5 7 ,1 4 9 ,8 4 3 77 116,5 7 8 5 1 5 ,8 6 4 L 0 9 ,128
C r o p p e r s 1__________________________ 1 0 3 ,7 3 2 2 9 .8 5 7 .6 9 7 2 2 ,2 1 7 2 3 ,8 1 8 2 3 3 ,1 5 1 6t 7 8 3 ,7 9 2 65 2 8 ,78S 5 5 ,5 8 1 1 9 ,3 6 3
O t h e r t e n a n t s _______________________ 6 3 7 ,8 3 8 3 4 .0 3 3 8 ,3 0 4 1 1 5 .5 1 0 184,0 2 4 1 ,1 9 0 ,3 2 2 5 0 ,3 6 6 ,0 5 1 79 8 7 ,7 9 0 4 6 0 ,2 8 3 8 9 ,7 6 5
C o lo r e d .f a r m o p e r a t o r s ______ ____ ____ 2 1 2 ,9 8 9 2 4 .9 120,6 3 7 4 0 ,6 9 4 5 1 ,6 5 8 6 1 5 ,5 3 2 14, 2 2 4 ,7 8 6 67 6 0 ,0 7 7 90, 111 6 2 ,8 0 1
O w n e r s _____________________ _____ - — . 6 7 ,2 9 0 3 1 .8 2 8 ,4 2 0 1 5 ,6 2 9 2 3 ,2 4 1 137,1 5 9 5, 863,4 6 5 87 9 ,80S 3 6 ,1 5 6 2 1 ,8 2 6
F u l l o w n e r s ________________ _____ 5 3 ,5 5 7 3 0 .9 2 1 ,1 7 6 1 2 ,6 7 7 1 9 ,7 0 4 1 1 3 ,8 9 8 4 ,9 2 0 ,6 3 7 92 7 ,2 1 7 2 8 ,7 3 5 1 7 ,6 0 5
P a r t o w n e r s . . . _____________ ________ 1 3 ,7 3 3 3 6 .1 7 ,2 4 4 2 ,9 5 2 3 ,5 3 7 2 3 ,2 6 1 9 4 2 ,8 2 8 69 2 ,5 9 1 7 ,4 2 1 3 ,7 2 1
119 10.0 18 20 81 969 2 0 ,9 4 9 176 42 52 25
1 4 5 ,5B0 2 8 .6 9 2 ,1 9 9 2 5 ,0 4 5 2 8 ,3 3 6 4 7 7 ,4 0 4 8 ,3 4 0 ,3 5 2 57 5 0 ,2 2 7 53, 908 4 1 ,4 5 0
C r o p p e r s 1____________________ ______ 8 0 ,2 8 6 21.8 5 2 ,3 9 2 13, 055 1 4 ,8 3 9 2 7 7 ,1 6 4 4 ,4 4 0 ,0 1 7 55 3 6 ,0 9 3 2 1 ,7 3 6 2 2 ,4 6 7
O t h e r t e n a n t s _____ ________________ 6 5 ,2 9 4 2 3 .8 3 9 ,8 0 7 1 1 ,9 9 0 1 3 ,4 9 7 200 ,2 4 0 3 ,9 0 0 ,3 3 5 60 1 4 ,1 3 4 3 2 ,1 6 7 1 8 ,9 9 3
i For Southern States only.
Source: Department ol Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1935, Vol. III.
Os
O x
QO
FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS'

PART-TIME FARMERS’ 659
N o . 624.—Part-T ime W ork off F a r m s — Operators R eporting, by N umber
o f D a y s W orked, b y States: 1929 and 1934
TOTAL N U M B E R
N U M B E R R E PO R T IN G DAYS W O R K E D OFF FA R M FO R PA Y OR
INCOM E
DIVISION AND STATE
1030
(Apr. 1)
1035
(Jan. 1)
Total l to 49 days 60 to 90 days
100 days and
over
1929 1931 1929 1931 1929 1934 1939 1934
United States___ 6,288, 648 6,812,350 1,902,898 2,077,474 844,170 956, 100 336,459 360,602 723,289 760,772
Hew England...............
Maine....................
Now Hampshire-.
Vermont................
Massachusetts___
Rhode Island........
Connecticut..........
Middle Atlantio........—
New York.............
Now Jersey...........
Pennsylvania........
East North Central___
Ohio......................
Indiana.................
Illinois...................
Michigan..............
Wisconsin.............
West North Central___
Minnesota.............
Iowa......................
Missouri................
North Dakota.......
South Dakota.......
Nebraska..............
Kansas................
South Atlantic...........
Delaware..........—
Maryland..............
Distrlot of Columbia..................
Virginia.................
West Virginia.......
North Carolina...
South Carolina__
Georgia.................
Florida..................
East South Central___
Kentucky__ ____
Tennessee............
Alabama..............
Mississippi............
West South Central___
Arkansas...............
Louisiana..............
Oklahoma.............
Texas....................
Mountain______ _—
Montana........ ......
Idaho.............—
Wyoming_______
Colorado...............
New Mexico____
Arizona.................
Utah............... ......
Nevada.................
Pacific..,____ _______
Washington..........
Oregon...................
California.............
124, 925
30,006
14,908
24,398
25,698
3,322
17,195
357, 303
159,888
25, 378
172,419
966, 592
219,298
181.670
214,497
169, 372
181,767
1,112, 756
186,265
214,928
255,940
77,075
83,157
120,468
100,012
1,053,468
9,707
43,203
104
170,010
82,641
270,708
157,931
' 255,608
68,960
1,062,214
248,49D
245,657
257,395
312,003
1,103,184
242,334
101,445
203,800
495,480
241,314
47,495
41,074
16, Oil
60,056
31,404
14,173
27,169
3,442
261, 733
70,004
55,168
136.670
158, 841
41,907
17, 095
27,061
35,094
4,327
32,157
397, 684
177,025
29,375
101,284
1,083,687
255,146
200,835
231,312
100,517
109,877
1, 170, 866
203,302
221,986
278.454
84,606
83.303
133, G1C
174,580
1,147,188
10.381
44,412
89
197, 632
104,747
300,007
105, 504
260, 544
72,857
1,137, 210
278,208
273,783
273.455
311,083
1, 137, 571
253,013
170,210
213, 325
501,017
371, 392
50,664
45,113
17,487
63,644
41,360
18,824
30,605
3,690
299, 567
84.381
04,820
150,360
66,877
10,263
7,071
12,294
9,862
987
6,420
124,644
49.036
5,891
69,717
276,406
03,643
50,089
51,581
00,311
44,781
202, 477
42,315
38,430
74,083
18,004
15, 715
22,850
51,071
330, no
2,911
14, 380
20
69, 471
30,503
78, 371
49, 484
03,146
18,815
347, 628
88,488
92,434
74,493
92, 213
322, 311
77,260
48,007
61,605
135,343
80, 030
14,202
15,348
4,868
17,238
0,805
4,405
13.037
987
97,416
29,750
25,155
42,511
66,462
10,002
8,070
11,220
12,088
1,508
12,068
127,413
40,950
0,018
71,445
25,204
310,932 122, 769
75,388 24,197
01,734 22,032
54,041 27,089
56,782 26,258
02,987 23,103
372,258 149, 881
04,709 24,257
40,707 21,910
81,812 33,914
30,614 13,845
50,106 10,492
36,392 15,030
02,018 30.433
, 20
72,485
48,519
74,247
65,965
53,381
20,857
15, 668
5,864
1,874
4,241
1,972
166
1,440
44,066
17,318
1,484
346,704 126, 676
2,159 989
12,071 4, 327
3
10, 037
11,007
33,168
21,224
31,022
3,899
291,719 164, 286
81,798 33,330
74,204 30, 225
68,348 38,014
07,369 52,817
337.999 164,146
70,222 30,962
36,612 23, 536
94,934 33,228
130,231 07,420
118.999 30,449
18.059 7,023
17,765 0, 716
7,238 1,850
25,090 6,002
20,607 2,476
9,423 919
17,380 4,232
1,431 331
108,988 27.434
35.060 8,840
• 26,712 8,688
46,326 0,906
16, 328
0,392
2,507
3,813
1,599
198
1,287
42,183
13,776
1,488
20,020
182,287
24, 217
22,441
20,0G9
20,403
39.157
228, 347
45,016
21,908
43,098
28.158
20,322
20,446
30,801
117,043
503
2,722
1
22,080
16,110
23,501
25,803
21,301
0,340
141,084
38,395
30,350
32,041
41,108
108,042
40,499
17,876
70,849
68,818
62,761
8,205
8,217
3,007
12,986
9.024
2,371
8,305
566
27,027
11,077
8,367
7,583
8.118
3,024
1,072
1,790
1,291
102
839
17.886
6,062
820
10,098
39,839
8,665
8,612
7,218
8,018
0,526
36,729
6,088
4,050
13,028
1,010
2,014
2,504
6,836
63,461
566
2,208
1
12,325
6,757
10,488
10,560
11,383
3,103
70, 754
18,611
19,365
15,009
17,760
88, 526
17,475
12,226
10.887
27,038
14,874
2,466
2,804
947
2,090
2.179
746
2,528
214
15, 282
4,582
4.179
0,521
10,327
3,704
1,602
1,676
1,845
177
1,263
21,054
7,855
1,040
12,150
34,355
60,863 113,797
12,452 30,781
10,185 25,545
8,975 17,274
10,810 25,135
8,441 15,062
00,375 75,887
7,828 12,070
0,068 11,870
12,872 27,141
4.300 2,540
10,083 3,209
3,910 5,235
9,305 13,802
2
12,398
10,846
15, 714
10,326
10,078
0, 111
62,184
14,538
14,119
13,300
10,173
52, 551
12,986
7.095
9,527
22,943
25,466
3,779
3,651
1,615
5,213
4,809
2.095
8,400
307
19, 942
7,133
6.301
7,448
32,196
10,365
4,126
6,263
6,589
719
4,135
62,662
24,756
3,5S1
67,887 147,083
412 1,356
2,000 7,854
16
37,209
21,730
28,715
17.700
20,741
11,753
112, 588
36,547
33,844
20,570
21,627
89, 639
19,820
12,385
17,490
30,085
84,707
4,713
5,828
2,061
7,340
5,240
2,800
0,277
442
54.700
10,328
12,288
26,084
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tlie Census; Agriculture Reports, 1935, Vol. Ill,
39,309
0,500
4,801
5,707
8,644
1,133
9,618
04,176
28,320
3,481
32,375
127,782
38,719
29,108
18.097
25,569
15,380
83, 636
11,866
12,731
25,242
4,047
7,701
6,037
16,912
180,174
1,184
7,343
17
38,007
22, 558
34,942
19,776
21,947
14,400
07, 601
28,870
29,735
22,908
15.098
87,403
18,737
11,041
14,558
44,470
38, 769
5,985
5.897
2,616
6.897
6,774
4,357,
5,676
568
62, 019
17,740
12,984
31,205

6 6 0 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS
No. 6 2 5 .— F a r m E x p e n d i t u r e s f o r
[Amounts in thou
FEED
FERTILIZER
DIVISION AND STATE
Farms
reporting
Per
cont
of all
farms
Amount
expended
Farms
reporting
Per
cent
of all
farms
Amount
expended
Commercial fertilizer
Farms
reporting
Per
cent
of all
farms
Tons
bought
United States..» 3,283,400 52,2 916,180 2,324,090 87.0 271,059 2,239, 540 3 5.6 7, 535,022
New England............ 104, 678 83.8 87,416 68,537 54.9 15,413 68,318 64,7 345,303
30,493 78.2 11,498 23,953 61.4 7,288 23,865 6 1.2 170,950
New Hampshire.... 12,716 85.3 7,623 6,960 46.7 440 0,947 4 6.6 l i ; 500
Vermont................. 21,900 88.0 11,547 11,945 4 8.0 681 11,928 4 7.9 17,443
Massachusetts-___ 21, 634 84.5 20,671 14,289 55.8 3,016 14,232 65.0 68,011
Rhode Island......... 2,892 87,1 3,047 1,890 56.9 336 1,872 5 6.4 7,909
Connecticut........... 16,038 87.6 13,030 9,500 55.2 3,653 9,474 55.1 68,890
Middle Atlantic......... 263,604 82.1 154,687 224,816 62.6 30,203 206,326 57.7 798,433
New York.............. 131,017 82.8 77,400 90,500 56.6 11,506 81,424 51.0 287, 959
New Jersey............ 20,970 82.6 20,829 16,948 66.8 6, 583 16.913 GQ.fl 162,361
Pennsylvania......... 140,617 81.6 66,458 117,371 68.1 12,113 107,988 0 2.6 348,113
East North Central__ 642,422 66.6 146,860 350,789 36.3 29,284 318,594 33.0 773,057
140,122 63.9 32, 604 131,372 59.9 11,028 129,486 6 9.0 330; 444
Indiana.................. 113,734 62.6 26.135 83,006 45.7 7,054 81,679 4 5 .0 206,144
Illinois... ................. 143,337 66.8 35,973 30,039 14.3 3,594 15,143 7.1 53,800
Michigan............... 107, 276 63.3 21, 061 72,128 42.6 5,474 06,550 39.3 140,083
Wisconsin............... 137,954 75.9 a i, 087 33,644 18,5 2,134 25,736 1 4.2 42,586
West North Central... 678,628 81.0 214,876 67,978 6.1 4,472 56,419 6.1 106,332
Minnesota.............. 113, 627 01.3 19, 079 9, 402 5.1 714 8, 908 4 .8 15,803
Iowa...................... 146,600 67.7 53,703 15,767 7,3 1,171 10,016 4 .7 21,177
Missouri................. 107,013 65.5 47,263 35,702 14.0 2,031 32,504 12.7 57,432
North Dakota........ 28, 206 30.3 4,204 572 .7 52 342 .4 958
South Dakota........ 40, 527 48.7 12,436 319 .4 21 103 . 1 133
Nebraska................ 79,355 61.3 42,286 685 ,5 54 428 .3 732
Kansas................... 103, 708 62.5 35,115 5,471 3.3 429 3,999 2 .4 10,097
South Atlantio............ 427, 520 40.4 63,893 813,149 76.8 119,239 80S,199 76,4 3,707,305
Delaware............ 7,417 76,4 3,085 7,550 77.8 1,301 7,525 7 7.5 42,736
Maryland............... 32, 070 74.2 10,013 33,097 78.0 6,525 33,676 7 7.9 180,303
Dist. of Columbia.. 84 80.8 117 73 70.2 18 72 6 9.2 ‘ 305
Virginia.................. 81,607 47.8 12,640 110.588 64.8 11,781 108,162 63.4 388,937
West Virginia........ 44,042 54.4 5,604 30,320 36.7 1,101 30,208 3 6.6 45, 056
North Carolina___ 121, 850 43.6 11,116 234,420 83.8 34,687 233,467 83.5 1, 107,763
South Carolina 40,134 25.4 3,673 139,234 88.2 22, 080 • 138,976 8 8 .0 708,470
Georgia.................. 77,050 30.1 8,358 217.456 85.1 27,533 216,633 8 4 .8 860,602
22,457 38.1 8,097 39,805 67.5 15,153 39,480 6 7 .0 372,473
East South Central__ 390, 887 36.8 43,041 530,273 49.9 40,094 529,175 46.8 1,185,827
Kentucky............... 105,488 42.8 12,506 74,112 30.1 2,599 73,822 2 9.9 92,823
104,476 42.6 10,810 96,794 39.4 4,110 96, 613 39.3 138, 000
Alabama................. 88,111 34.2 8,229 208,058 80.8 21,830 207,677 8 0.7 046,707
92,814 29.7 11,496 151,309 48.4 11,655 151,063 4 8.3 307,697
West South Central.... 464,887 41.2 75,221 221,100 20.0 15,719 219,773 19,9 431,855
Arkansas................ n o . 676 45.7 12,407 73, 686 30.4 4, 007 73,314 30.3 127,293
59, 055 36.6 7,872 66,541 41.2 5,229 60,333 41.1 143,657
Oklahoma.............. 93,234 45.7 17,138 4,440 2.2 252 4,171 2 .0 7,895
191,402 38.6 37,804 76,433 15.4 5,631 75,955 15.3 153, 010
Mountain...____ 117,397 48.6 46,824 5,817 2.4 630 3,824 1. 6 10,272
M ontana..__ 20,092 43.6 6,872 303 .6 30 157 .3 ' 248
22,051 52.9 7,040 1,094 4.1 81 1,342 3 .2 2,091
Wyoming............... 7,995 40.9 5,136 281 1.8 25 '203 1 .3 ' 358
Colorado.,............... 31,212 52.1 13,829 1,484 2.5 105 749 1 .2 1,175
New Mexico........... 12,476 39.7 3,816 844 2.7 98 720 2 .3 2,339
Arizona.................. 6,885 48.6 3,472 524 3 .7 176 512 3 .6 3,704
13,929 51.3 4,938 646 2.4 49 106 .4 ' 264
Nevada..___ 2,157 62.7 1,721 41 1 .2 6 35 1 .0 93
Pacific.......... .. 174,004 66.6 106,582 41,828 16.0 16,006 28,919 11.0 176,038
Washington............ 51,429 72.5 25,297 9, 610 13.6 1,194 8.370 11.8 21,501
Oregon................... 38,519 69.8 13,167 8.163 14.8 670 4,499 8 .2 12,467
84,056 62.0 68,118 23,855 17.6 14,142 10, 050 II. 8 142,010
' Including automobiles, trucks, tractors, etc,
5 Paid to a power company.

Specified P urposes, b y S t a t e s : 1929
sands of dollars]
FARM EXPENDITURES' 6 6 1
FA R M L A B O R , E X C L U S IV E O F H O U S E ­
W O R K (C A SH )
F A R M IM P L E M E N T S A N D
M A C H IN E R Y 1
E L E C T R IC L IG H T A N D
P O W E R 8
Farms
reporting
Per
cent
of all
farms
Amount
expended
Days of
blred
labor
(thousands)
Farms
reporting
purchases
Per
cent
of all
farms
Amount
expended
Farms
reporting
purchases
Per
cent
of all
farms
Amount
expended
D IV ISIO N
A N D S T A T E
2, SSI, 601 41.8 066,420 410,983 1,750, 588 07.8 692, 548 671,007 9.1 46,484 u , s .
73.836 59.1 40,839 18,367 40,420 $2.4 17,608 46,622 36.4 3,986 New Eng,
22,705 58.4 9.043 3,091 12,140 31.1 5,384 10,938 28.0 498 Me.
8,840. 59.4 3,980 1,410 4,209 28.2 1,700 5,014 33.6 307 N. H.
15,364 61.7 5.495 2,431 8,413 33.8 3,084 6,403 25.7 331 Vt.
16,247 60.6 17.288 5,138 8,776 34.3 4,135 13,821 54.0 1,051 Mass.
1,885 58.7 2,277 721 1,139 34.3 681 1,071 50.3 153 R. I,
9,690 56.4 11,766 3,566 6,744 33.4 2,724 7,676 44.6 646 Conn.
107,068 66.4 94,688 35,908 137,840 38.6 66,994 87,533 24.5 6,735 Hid. Atl.
90,455 56.6 45, 421 17,420 65,326 40.0 28,041 43,350 27.1 2,770 N. Y,
14,648 67.7 . 17,553 5,636 9,880 38.9 5.409 10,068 43.2 920 N . J .
92,895 53.9 31,714 12,852 62,440 36.2 23,544 33,215 19.3 2,045 Pa.
448,862 46.4 132, 478 60,664 330,482 34.2 124,124 120,047 13.4 7,372 E. N. 0,
90,333 41,2 25, 409 11,056 57,431 26.2 20,617 37,696 17.2 1,930 Ohio.
68,043 38.0 10, 786 8,258 45,752 25.2 10,680 18,560 10.2 903 Ind.
112,010 52.6 40, 940 18,210 77, 321 36.0 34,832 18,317 8.5 1,102 111.
70,078 44.9 19, 853 S, 268 60,032 36.0 20,848 24,233 14.8 1,252 Mieh.
100,002 56.0 20,482 14,806 89,046 49.0 81,747 80,233 16.6 2,000 Wla.
603,004 64.3 178, 678 76, 337 481,100 43.0 046.366 72,003 0.5 4,500 W. W. 0.
105,057 50.7 27, 527 13, 204 87,672 47.3 35,116 12,413 0.7 855 Minn.
122,069 57.1 39, 681 17, 009 108,286 50.4 61,567 25.149 11.7 1,627 Iowa.
96,649 37.8 19, 851 10, 663 59,551 23.3 17,401 12,480 4.9 602 Mo.
57,838 74.2 24, 595 8,705 41,261 52.-9 20,745 1,721 2.2 150 N. Dak.
48,762 58.6 14,647 6,144 41,180 49.5 24,376 2,534 3.0 182 S. Dak.
70,806 59.3 25,356 9,946 65.862 509 30,080 7,486 6.8 559 Nebr.
96,123 57.9 27,021 10,006 77,282 40.6 55,113 10,305 6.2 594 Kans.
367,186 34.7 91,880 67,253 222,033 21.0 37,612 37,416 3.5 2,241 S. Atl.
5,285 54.4 2,518 1,000 3,423 35.3 1,354 1,027 10.6 89 Del.
25,454 58.9 12,866 6,966 13,407 31.0 6,128 6,226 14.4 446 Md.
70 67.3 317 05 22 21.2 10 64 51.0 3 D. O,
62,461 36.6 18,774 10,338 31,478 18.6 8,474 7,730 4.5 470 Va.
28,933 35.0 5,012 2,581 11,737 14.2 2,880 2,844 3.4 154 W. Va.
88,837 31.8 11,674 7,858 48,126 17.2 0.705 8,774 8.1 403 N. O.
49,180 31.1 9,003 8,656 35,082 22.2 3,589 3,039 1.9 145 S . O s
78,998 30.9 13.002 12,202 67,806 26.5 5,898 3,591 1.4 207 Ga.
27,977 47.4 17,724 8,467 10,953 18.6 3,474 4,131 7.0 324 Fla.
250, 148 23.5 33,775 23, 632 158,161 14.9 24,724 18,776 1.8 1,031 E. S. 0.
70,788 28.7 11,480 6,901 26,550 108 C, 155 5,863 2.4 323 Ky.
71,184 29.0 8,001 6,278 30.009 14.7 0,576 6,720 2.7 337 Terra.
60,365 23.5 7,078 5,746 60,208 23.4 C, 509 3,839 1.5 197 Ala.
47,811 16.3 6, 552 4,607 36,384 11.8 6,425 2,364 .8 174 Miss.
304,843 35.8 110,614 58,398 215,330 19.6 74,716 16,534 1.7 1,680 W. S. 0.
60, 036 27.2 9,827 6,043 30,088 16.5 5,955 2,680 1.1 309 Ark.
35,010 22.2 13, 081 8,883 23,704 14.7 4,361 1,040 1.2 241 La.
90,606 44.4 22,245 10,025 53,682 26.3 24,402 3,942 1.9 208 Okla.
202,287 40.8 65,661 33,447 97,956 10.8 39,037 0,054 2,0 862 Tex.
132,285 64.8 85, B97 31,242 88,578 36.7 56.908 30,160 16.2 2,789 Mountain,
27,421 57.7 16,371 5,764 20,812 43.8 17,442 1,983 4.2 158 Mont.
25,475 61.1 12,706 4,088 17,336 41.6 9,098 10,731 25.7 071 Idaho.
8,481 63.0 8,005 3,100 6,873 42.9 4,727 454 2.8 47 Wyo,
35,016 68.4 21,650 7,756 22,834 38.1 13,700 6,548 10.9 423 Colo
12,483 39.7 0.556 3,254 6.960 22.2 3,750 1,102 3.5 117 N. Mex.
6,158 43.4 10,380 3,946 3,565 26.2 2,832 3,070 21.7 773 Aris.
15,127 65.7 6,050 1,974 8,864 32.6 3,877 14,462 63.2 544 Utah.
2,124 61.7 3,661 1,271 1,334 38.8 882 810 23.5 56 Nev.
163,065 62.8 177,678 51,294 76,848 20.4 63.687 122.926 47.0 18,081 Paoiflo.
40/900 57.8 29,158 8,4.54 21,220 29.9 32,842 20,070 41.0 1,846 Wash.
31,583 57.3 18,257 6,186 17,107 81.0 9,907 14,991 27.2 . 796 Oreg,
90,492 66.7 130,168 36, 655 38,512 28.4 30,818 78,805 58.1 15,439 Calif.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Agriculture, Vol. IV.

662 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS
N o . 6 2 6 . — F a r m M a c h in e r y a n d
T E L E P H O N E S
W A T E R P IP E D
IN TO D W E L L ­
IN G
W A T E R P IP E D
IN T O B A T H ­
R O O M
D W E L L IN G S
L IG H T E D b y
E L E C T R IC IT Y
A U T O M O B IL E S
D IV ISIO N A N D STATE
Farms
reporting
Per
cent
of all
farms
Farms
reporting
Per
cent
of all
farms
Farms
reporting
Per
cent
of all
farms
Farms
reporting
Per
cent
of all
Number
farms
Farms
reporting
Per
cent
of all
farms
United States. 2 ,1 8 9 ,1 9 4 3 4 .0 9 9 4 ,2 0 2 1 6 .8 531,248 8 .4 8 4 1 ,3 1 0 1 3 . 4 4 ,1 3 4 .6 7 5 3 ,6 5 0 ,0 0 3
6 8 .0
New England____ 7 0 ,2 8 4 6 1 .1 7 9 ,8 1 5 6 3 .9 3 2 ,6 8 4 2 6 .2 5 3 .6 5 5 4 2 . 9 8 9 ,2 8 7 7 5 .5 6 6 6 0 .5
Maine................. 2 2 ,1 8 0 6 6 .0 1 9 ,1 2 1 4 0 . 0 4 ,9 1 8 1 2 .6 1 2 ,9 2 0 3 3 . 1 2 6 ,2 2 7 2 3 ,0 1 6 5 0 . 0
Now Hampshire- 0 ,3 1 3 6 2 .5 1 0 ,9 0 5 7 3 .8 3 ,8 5 7 2 5 .9 6 ,1 6 0 4 1 . 3 1 1 ,0 7 9 9 .2 8 8 0 2 .3
Vermont............. 1 5 ,0 0 3 6 0 .6 1 8 ,0 1 3 7 2 .3 6 ,1 8 5 2 4 .fi 7 , 5 0 5 3 0 . 4 1 8 ,0 2 0 1 5 ,8 2 5 6 3 .6
Massachusetts... 1 6 ,6 8 1 6 4 .8 1 9 ,0 8 3 7 4 .6 1 0 ,0 3 9 4 2 .7 1 6 ,0 3 7 6 2 . 6 1 7 ,6 3 8 1 4 ,7 3 7 5 7 .6
Rhode Island...... 1 ,7 4 2 5 2 .4 1 ,8 8 7 5 6 .8 1 ,0 2 7 3 0 .9 1 ,9 1 0 5 7 . 5 2 , 6 6 9 2 .0 5 5 6 1 .9
Connecticut........ 1 1 ,3 6 6 0 6 .1 1 0 ,7 1 6 6 2 .3 5 ,7 5 8 3 3 .5 9 ,0 0 3 6 2 . 7 1 3 ,1 5 4 1 0 ,0 4 6 6 1 .9
Middle Atlantic___ 1 8 1 ,3 7 9 4 6 .8 1 3 5 ,6 9 0 3 7 .9 6 3 ,7 6 6 1 7 .8 1 1 4 ,0 9 8 3 1 . 9 3 1 6 , 6 0 9 2 5 4 .0 8 4 7 1 .1
New York........... 7 8 ,1 8 5 4R, 9 6 9 ,2 7 6 3 7 .1 2 9 ,5 5 5 1 8 .5 5 5 ,0 1 9 3 4 . 4 1 4 1 ,0 1 0 1 1 5 , 010 7 2 . 0
New Jersey......... 1 0 ,3 7 3 4 0 .9 1 2 ,3 5 9 4 8 .7 8 ,1 6 2 3 2 .2 1 3 ,4 4 1 5 3 . 0 2 2 ,3 7 1 1 7 ,7 8 2 7 0 .1
Pennsylvania___ 7 3 ,3 2 1 4 2 .5 64, 084 3 7 .2 2 6 ,0 4 9 1 6 .1 4 5 ,6 3 8 2 0 . 6 1 6 2 , 2 2 2 1 2 1 ,2 0 2 7 0 .3
East North Central.. 5 6 0 ,4 6 2 5 8 .0 2 1 1 ,2 7 2 2 1 .9 9 2 .4 8 9 9 . 6 2 0 2 ,6 6 6 2 1 . 0 8 7 6 ,6 0 7 7 7 0 ,1 0 8 7 9 . 7
Ohio.................... 1 2 1 ,2 1 4 5 6 .3 0 4 ,1 0 4 2 9 .2 2 4 ,3 2 0 1 1 .1 5 6 ,7 4 0 2 5 . 9 2 0 1 ,5 5 2 1 7 2 .0 7 8 7 8 . 6
Indiana............... 1 1 0 ,3 3 3 6 0 ,8 3 5 ,4 5 1 1 6 .5 1 4 ,3 8 0 7 . 9 3 0 ,3 3 5 1 6 . 7 154, 5 5 6 1 4 1 ,3 7 4 7 7 . 9
Illinois................ 1 4 7 ,0 7 3 0 8 .8 4 2 ,3 9 1 1 0 .8 2 3 ,5 8 3 1 1 .0 3 4 ,2 3 1 1 6 . 0 1 9 2 ,8 7 3 1 7 0 , COO 7 9 .5
Michigan............ 7 3 ,7 5 7 4 3 .5 4 0 ,8 7 2 2 4 .1 1 6 ,6 7 3 9 .3 3 4 ,7 8 6 2 0 . 5 1 5 0 ,9 2 2 1 3 3 ,5 0 5 7 8 . 9
Wisconsin........... 1 0 7 ,4 8 0 5 0 .1 2 8 ,4 5 4 1 5 .7 1 4 ,5 3 3 8 . 0 4 0 ,5 0 5 2 5 . 6 1 7 0 ,7 6 4 1 5 2 ,4 8 5 3 3 . 9
West North Central. 7 2 4 ,5 4 6 8 5 .1 1 8 0 ,4 0 2 1 6 .2 9 4 ,1 0 8 8 .5 1 4 6 ,9 6 9 1 3 . 2 1 ,0 7 6 ,6 7 8 9 2 0 ,8 1 4 8 2 .8
Minnesota.......... 114, (193 Cl. 9 2 3 ,1 2 4 1 2 .5 1 1 ,1 8 8 0 . 0 2 3 ,3 4 2 1 2 . 0 1 8 5 ,7 1 7 1 5 0 ,3 7 2 8 6 . 0
Iowa.................... 1 8 0 ,8 7 0 8 4 .2 5 1 .0 3 5 2 4 .0 3 1 ,4 3 5 1 4 .0 4 6 ,0 4 2 2 1 . 4 2 4 0 ,5 1 2 1 0 3 ,8 1 0 9 0 . 2
Missouri.............. 1 3 7 ,7 1 2 5 3 .8 2 1 ,3 0 8 8 .3 1 0 ,8 8 1 4 . 8 2 0 ,2 2 3 7 . 9 1 7 0 ,4 6 6 1 0 4 ,0 8 7 0 4 .1
North Dakota.... 3 1 ,8 7 8 4 0 .9 6 ,8 4 4 7 . 5 2 ,5 3 7 3 .3 0 ,1 9 2 7 . 0 7 8 ,7 0 8 0 7 ,4 9 0 8 a 6
South Dakota__ 4 4 ,0 0 8 5 3 .6 1 2 ,0 8 9 1 4 .5 4 , 067 6 . 6 9 , 0 7 0 1 0 . 9 8 1 ,0 2 3 7 1 .9 0 5 8 6 .6
Nebraska............ 0 3 ,8 8 8 7 2 .5 3 8 ,3 5 7 2 0 .6 1 7 ,8 1 7 1 3 .8 2 1 ,3 8 0 1 0 . 6 1 4 1 ,1 4 4 1 1 8 ,8 0 0 9 1 .8
Kansas................ 1 2 0 ,8 9 0 7 2 .8 2 8 ,0 4 5 1 0 . 9 , 1 5 ,5 9 8 9 . 4 2 0 ;7 2 0 1 2 . 5 1 7 1 ,0 1 8 1 4 5 ,2 2 4 8 7 .6
South Atlantio........ 1 1 7 ,4 8 4 1 1 .1 6 6 ,7 6 3 6 .3 4 1 ,3 5 4 3 . 9 6 4 ,1 7 3 6 . 1 4 8 1 ,0 9 3 4 4 5 ,4 5 4 4 2 .1
Delaware............ 2 ,4 2 0 2 4 .9 1, 600 1 5 .5 1 ,0 3 3 1 0 .6 1 ,5 6 1 1 6 . 1 8 , 7 2 4 7 , 4 0 8 7 7 .2
Maryland........... 1 1 ,9 3 5 2 7 .6 1 0 ,3 5 4 2 4 .0 6 ,1 7 3 1 4 .3 9 ,1 4 5 2 1 . 2 3 7 , 0 7 2 3 0 ,5 1 0 7 0 . 6
Dist, of Col......... 09 6 6 .3 4 8 4 6 .2 4 3 4 1 .3 0 7 6 4 . 4 6 0 45 4 3 .3
Virginia............... 3 0 ,4 1 8 1 7 .8 1 5 ,2 9 1 9 . 0 1 0 ,0 3 2 5 .0 1 3 ,0 0 9 7 . 6 8 8 ,4 6 3 8 0 ,2 0 8 4 7 .1
West Virginia__ 2 8 ,1 1 7 3 4 .0 9 ,6 5 0 1 1 .7 3 ,8 4 8 4 .7 5 ,3 3 0 0 . 4 3 0 ,9 7 8 3 3 .4 3 4 4 0 .6
North Carolina.. 1 0 ,8 5 2 7 .1 9 ,3 0 8 3 . 3 5 ,3 5 1 1 . 9 1 5 ,0 0 0 5 . 4 1 3 2 ,8 7 6 1 2 5 ,1 0 6 4 4 .8
South Carolina— 0 ,3 5 7 4 . 0 5 ,1 7 6 3 . 3 3 ,7 5 7 2 .4 6 ,0 0 7 8 . 8 6 1 ,7 5 4 5 9 ,0 2 9 3 7 .4
Georgia............... 1 4 ,7 7 1 5 . 8 7 ,8 7 7 3 . 1 4 ,9 5 9 1 . 9 7 ,4 9 9 2 . 9 8 8 , 4 7 9 8 5 .2 7 6 8 3 .4
Florida................ 3 ,5 2 5 0 . 0 7 , 6 5 9 . 1 2 .8 0 ,1 5 8 1 0 .4 6 ,4 8 0 1 1 . 0 2 0 ,3 8 7 2 4 ,1 0 1 4 1 . 0
East South Central.. 1 4 2 ,2 0 4 1 3 .4 2 7 ,1 7 1 2 . 6 1 7 ,3 1 6 1 .6 3 1 ,9 5 2 3 . 0 3 3 6 ,0 0 3 8 2 0 . 840 3 0 .2
Kentucky_____ 6 1 ,6 3 1 2 5 .0 8 ,3 7 8 3 . 4 5 ,1 2 8 2 .1 1 0 ,6 9 1 4 . 3 8 6 , 7 8 4 8 2 ,0 3 4 3 3 . 3
Tennessee_____ 4 5 ,2 0 5 1 8 ,4 8 ,0 1 8 3 . 3 4 ,9 0 3 2 . 0 1 0 ,0 1 0 4 . 1 8 9 , 0 2 2 8 4 ,0 0 7 3 4 . 2
Alabama............. 1 0 ,5 1 0 7 . 6 5 ,1 8 2 2 . 0 3 ,1 9 4 1 . 2 0 ,4 5 9 2 . 5 j 7 3 ,6 3 4 7 1 ,1 6 7 2 7 . 6
Mississippi_____ 1 5 ,8 5 8 5 .1 5 ,5 9 3 1 . 8 4 ,0 9 1 1 . 3 4 , 7 9 2 1 . 5 8 5 ,5 6 3 8 3 ,3 7 2 2 0 . 7
West South Central. 1 8 1 ,8 4 7 1 6 .6 8 8 ,3 7 8 8 . 0 6 0 ,2 8 1 4 . 6 4 0 ,2 4 0 8 . 6 5 3 6 ,6 4 1 5 0 3 ,5 4 8 4 6 . 6
Arkansas............. 2 5 ,0 1 6 m 3 3 ,6 9 0 1 .5 2 ,3 9 2 1.0 5 ,1 2 1 2 . 1 0 5 ,0 3 5 0 3 .8 0 0 2 a 3
Louisiana............ 0 ,1 0 6 3 .8 4 ,9 6 4 3 . 1 3 ,8 4 1 2 . 4 4 ,1 7 4 2 . 6 4 3 , 0 8 2 4 1 ,4 5 3 2 5 . 7
Oklahoma........... 5 3 ,1 4 9 2 6 .1 1 0 .8 2 0 5 . 3 6 ,5 2 1 3 . 2 8 ,0 9 1 4 . 0 1 2 7 ,4 4 8 1 1 7 ,6 3 7 5 7 .7
Texas................... 9 7 ,3 4 6 1 9 .6 6 8 ,0 0 2 1 3 .9 3 7 ,5 2 7 7 . 6 2 2 ,8 5 4 4 . 6 3 0 0 ,1 7 6 2 8 0 ,7 6 8 5 d 7
Mountain________ 8 8 ,2 1 7 28. S 4 8 ,3 2 4 2 0 .0 2 6 ,3 0 3 1 0 .9 4 9 ,1 7 3 2 0 . 4 1 8 8 ,0 2 0 1 6 3 .3 0 3 6 7 . 7
Montana............. 9 ,6 0 7 2 0 .4 5 ,3 8 2 1 1 .3 % 608 6 . 6 3 ,5 4 7 7 . 5 3 8 ,1 0 6 3 4 ,4 7 7 7 2 .8
Idaho.................. 1 5 ,7 3 3 3 7 .8 9 ,9 7 0 2 3 .9 5 ,2 2 7 1 2 .5 1 2 ,8 0 9 3 a 7 3 3 ,9 0 0 3 0 ,7 7 6 7 3 .8
Wyoming........... 4 ,4 8 3 2 8 .0 1 ,9 9 5 1 2 .5 9 8 2 6 .1 1 .1 4 5 7 . 2 1 2 ,8 2 4 1 1 ,4 6 2 7 1 . 0
Colorado............. 2 3 ,8 7 7 3 9 .8 1 2 ,3 1 4 20. 5 6 ,1 8 3 1 0 .3 9 ,3 0 3 1 6 . 7 5 2 ,2 5 8 4 5 .5 4 0 7 0 , 0
New Mexico....... 2 ,8 7 9 9 . 2 2 ,8 0 4 8 . 9 1 ,6 2 6 f i.2 1 ,0 9 1 5 . 4 1 5 .3 9 5 1 4 ,0 9 1 4 4 . 9
Arizona............... 2 ,0 7 2 1 8 .9 4 ,0 8 3 2 8 .8 2 ,7 7 2 1 9 .6 3 ,0 7 1 2 5 . 9 9 , 9 1 0 8 , 2 1 1 5 7 . 9
Utah.................... 7 ,4 1 6 2 7 .3 1 0 ,5 6 1 3 8 .9 6 ,1 5 7 2 2 .7 1 5 ,7 7 8 5 8 .1 1 7 ,6 7 4 1 0 ,3 4 3 6 0 . 2
Nevada_______ 1 ,4 6 0 4 2 .4 1 ,2 1 5 3 5 . 3 7 4 8 2 1 .7 1 ,1 3 9 3 3 . 1 2 ,0 2 1 2 ,3 9 7 6 9 .6
Pacific................... 1 0 8 ,4 9 2 4 0 . 7 1 6 6 ,3 8 0 5 9 .7 1 1 2 ,9 4 7 4 8 . 2 1 3 8 ,3 9 4 5 2 . 9 2 4 0 ,2 7 7 1 9 6 ,4 8 8 7 6 .1
Washington. 3 1 ,7 0 4 4 4 . 8 3 4 .4 7 8 4 8 . 6 2 0 ,7 2 6 2 9 . 2 3 4 ,0 5 6 4 8 . 0 5 5 ,9 9 5 6 a 700 7 1 .0
Oregon...______ 2 6 ,6 5 7 4 8 . 2 2 4 ,2 6 5 4 4 .(1 1 5 ,2 1 7 2 7 . 6 1 8 ,3 9 7 3 3 . 4 4 7 , 4 4 0 4 1 ,6 1 1 7 6 .3
California__i___ 4 8 ,1 7 1 3 5 .6 9 7 ,6 3 9 7 2 . 0 7 7 ,0 0 4 5 0 .8 8 5 ,9 4 1 6 3 . 3 1 3 0 ,8 4 2 1 0 4 ,2 0 0 7a 8
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tlio Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Agriculture
Vol. IV.

FARM MACHINERY AND FACILITIES 663
Facilities, b y States: 1930
MOTOR TRUCKS
TRACTORS
ELECTRIC MOTORS FOR
FARM WORK
INTERNAL-COMBUSTION
ENGINES
Number
Per
cent
of all
farms
Farms
reporting
Number
Per
cent
of all
farms
Farms
reporting
Number
Farms
reporting
Per
cent
of all
farms
Num ­
ber
Farms
reporting
Per
cent
of all
farms
DIVISION
ANDSTATE
900,385 845, 335 13.4 920,021 851,457 13.6 888,191 256,663 4.1 1,131,108 946,000 15.0 U. s.
37,972 33,328 26.7 14,109 13,111 10.5 23,706 14,792 11.8 34, 481 27,828 22.3 N . E.
10,781 0,879 25.3 3,410 3,214 8.2 5,575 3,447 8.8 8, 342 7, OOfi 18.0
4,539 4,051 27.2 1,096 1,013 6.8 2,410 1, 561 10.6 3, 725 3,020 20.3 N.H,
5,035 4, 025 18.6 2,426 2,342 0.4 3,645 2,358 9.5 10,902 8,437 33.9 Vt.
9,872 7,982 31.2 3,921 3,563 13.0 6,846 4,200 10.7 5,283 4,328 16.9
1,701 1,306 41.1 580 . 516 15.5 1,181 646 19.4 707 544 16.4 R . I.
6,344 5,425 31.5 2,667 2,463 14.3 4,0-43 2, 814 14.6 6,402 4,494 201 Conn.
120,789 109,756 30.7 81,970 76,719 21.6 48,682 32,311 9.0 131,099 103,884 29.0 M. A.
58,974 54,084 33.8 40,369 37,790 23.6 24,342 16, 012 10.0 04, 723 50,094 31.3 N. Y.
14,753 12,504 49.3 8,088 7,241 28.5 5,879 4,102 16.2 9,036 6.963 27.4 N. J.
47, 002 43,168 25.0 33,513 31,688 18.4 18,401 12,197 7.1 57,340 46,807 27.1 Pa,
198,172 189,040 19.6 249,333 238. 995 24.7 96,552 65,344 6.8 334, 688 281,878 29.2 E. N, C.
39,210 36,693 16.7 52,974 60, 603 23.1 21,278 14,000 6.4 52, 508 45,108 20.6 Ohio.
30,037 28,468 15.7 41,979 40, 402 22.3 11,030 7,795 4.3 39,380 35,192 19.4 Ind,
40,371 38,877 18.1 69,628 66,172 30.8 15,557 10,452 4.0 70, 300 66,640 31.1 111.
36,708 34,894 20.0 34,579 33, 098 19.5 14,892 10,285 0.1 55,366 46.574 27.5 Mich.
51,780 50,108 27.6 50,173 48, 630 20.8 33,795 22,812 12.6 108,134 88,364 48.6 Wis.
180, 857 174,764 15.7 318,160 295, 160 26.5 78,006 49,972 4.5 422, 474 356,995 32.1 W. N, C
30,557 35,503 19.2 48,457 40,171 24.9 19,926 11,721 6.3 112, 370 93,382 50.4 Minn,
32, 609 31,874 14.8 06,258 03,100 29.4 27,801 17,277 8.0 114, 977 04,772 44.1 Iowa.
20,132 19,215 7.5 24,999 23, 673 9.2 4,949 3, 580 1.4 31,718 27,477 10.7 Mo.
10,990 16,502 21.2 37,605 34,148 43.8 4,878 3,203 4.1 44,105 35,220 45.2 N . D .
14,816 14,485 17.4 33,837 30,072 37.2 4, 680 3,283 3.9 34,475 29,765 35.8 S. D .
20, 045 25,170 19.4 40,729 37,955 29.3 8,303 5,807 4.5 45,902 41,045 32.4 Nebr.
33, 048 32, 009 19.3 06,275 59, 075 35.6 7,403 6,101 3.1 38,801 34,428 20.7 Kans.
94,946 88,019 8.8 47,376 43, 983 4.2 16,083 11,209 1.1 12,900 36,595 8.5 S. A.
2,090 2,781 28.6 1,000 1,447 14.9 513 384 4.0 1,788 1,453 15.0 Del.
11,284 10,205 23.6 7,208 6,744 15. G 3,669 2,557 5.9 9,330 7,832 18.1 Md.
81 57 54.8 17 15 14.4 8 7 6.7 10 8 7.7 D .C .
19,459 17,964 10.5 9,757 0,142 5.4 3,632 2,427 1.4 10,298 8,959 5.3 Va.
7,432 6,936 8.4 2,792 2, 041 3.2 1,269 884 1.1 4,314 3,705 4.5 W. Va,
18,558 17,613 0.3 11,420 11, 034 3.9 2,320 1,633 .6 4,981 4,547 1.6 N. C.
0,900 6,575 4.2 3,402 3,229 2.0 945 757 .5 2,677 2,358 1.5 S. 0.
15,967 15,036 5.9 5,870 5, 349 2.1 1,246 068 .4 5, 000 4,130 1.6 Qa.
12,203 10,852 18.4 5,244 4, 382 7.4 2,481 1,502 2.7 4,502 3,003 6.1 Fla.
45,568 43,284 4.1 24,393 22, 584 2.1 4,891 3, 509 .3 14, 892 12.284 1.3 E. S. 0,
7,188 0,740 2.7 7,322 0,951 2.8 1,484 1,121 .5 5,326 4,821 2.0 K y .
9,039 8,563 3.5 6,865 0,556 2.7 1,603 1,216 .5 4,895 4,382 1/8 Tenn.
12,838 12,109 4.7 4,664 4,259 1.7 972 678 .3 2,485 2,154 .8 Ala.
10,503 15,762 5.0 5,542 4,818 1.5 632 494 .2 2,186 1,027 .6 Miss.
96,791 92,300 8.4 74,010 63,177 5 .7 9,862 7,305 .7 36, 700 30,671 2.8 W. S, 0.
11,000 10, 520 4.3 5,084 4,263 1.8 1,460 1,056 .4 4,730 3,911 1.6 Ark.
9,281 8,769 5.4 5,016 3, 810 2.4 033 510 .3 2, 639 2,072 1.3 La.
23,930 23, 030 11.3 25,962 23, 328 11.4 2,418 1,688 .8 9,363 8,409 4.2 Okla.
52,580 49,966 10.1 37,348 31,770 6.4 5,351 4,051 .8 18,074 16,189 3.3 Tex.
65,742 52,488 21.8 48,007 43,171 17.9 17,551 11,751 4.9 46,13S 38,671 16.0 Mt.
14, 015 13,783 29.0 19,031 17,093 36.0 1,708 1,088 2.3 13, 039 11,588 24.4 Mont.
0,281 5,986 14.4 4,001 4,377 10.5 6,713 4,406 10.6 10,024 8,252 19.8 Idaho.
4,108 3,820 23.9 4,110 3,749 23.4 481 315 2.0 3,424 2,929 18.3 Wyo.
16,918 16, 052 20.8 13,334 12, 029 20.1 3,299 2,289 3.8 11,470 9,970 10.6 Colo.
5,328 5,024 16.0 2,497 2, 227 7.3. 680 393 1.3 2, 018 1,567 5.0 N. M.
3,002 2,719 19,2 2,558 2,043 14.4 2,054 1,427 10.1 3, 095 2, 357 16.6 Ariz.
4,189 3,086 14.7 1,426 1,335 4.9 1,756 1,209 4.7 1, 236 1, 111 4.1 Utah,
1,241 1,118 32.5 360 318 9.2 900 564 10.4 1,227 897 26.1 Nev.
69,548 62,406 23.8 62,668 54, 657 20.8 91,058 60,470 23.1 08,735 65,814 21.1 Pac.
18,836 17,622 24.9 8,3B8 7,890 11.1 15,788 10,751 15.2 18, 702 15,373 21.7 Wash.
9,741 9,110 16.6 9.838 9,157 16.6 9,010 6,043 11.0 17,189 13,033 24,7 Oreg.
40,971 35,074 26.3 44,437 37,510 27.6 66,200 43, 670 32.2 32,784 26,208 19.3 Calif.

6 6 4 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS'
No. 627.— F a r m W a g e R a t e s a n d I n d e x N u m b e r s , f o r t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s ,
1909 t o 1939, a n d b t G e o g r a p h i c D iv is io n s , 1938, 1939, a n d 1940
N o t e .— Estimates from 1 0 0 9 to 1922 based on annual reports from crop correspondents regarding average
wage rates in their locality as of Apr. 1; thereafter, based on weighted averages of quarterly reports as
of the first day of January, April, July, and October
Y E A R
FARM W A G E R A T E S
(A V E R A G E )
F A R M W A G E R A T E S
(A V E R A G E )
Index
Per month— Per day—
numbers
of farm
Per month— Per day—
Y E A R
wage rates
(1910-14**
With
Without
100)
board
With
Without
With
W ithout
W ith
board
board board
board
W ithout
board board
board
Index
numbers
of farm
(1910-14-
100)
1909....... $22.21 $28.10 $1.09 $1.30 96 1925....... $38.77 $49.90 $1.97 $2.29 176
1910....... 21.22 28.08 1.12 1.39 97 1926....... 39.87 50.83 1.08 2.31 179
1911....... 21.49 28.54 1.13 1.39 98 1927....... 40.11 50.85 1.98 2.28 179
1912....... 22.23 29.34 1.18 1.43 101 1928....... 40.11 50.72 1.98 2.27 179
1913....... 22.89 30.21 1.20 1.46 103 1929....... 40.61 51.22 1.06 2.26 180
1914....... 22.02 29.74 1.17 1.43 101 1930....... 37.69 48.10 1.76 2.08 167
1915.J... 22.97 30.06 1.18 1.44 103 1931___ 28.77 38.38 1. 32 1.62 130
1916..... 25.17 32.84 1.31 1.58 113 1932....... 20.85 28.88 .94 1.20 96
1917....... 31.11 40.62 1.66 1.98 141 1933....... 18.07 25.67 .85 1.11 85
1918....... 37.96 48.80 2.16 2.54 177 1034___ 20.24 28.19 .98 1.26 95
1019....... 43.29 56.63 2.64 3.03 207 1935....... 22.42 30.24 1.07 1.33 103
1920....... 51.73 65.40 2.98 3.46 242 1936....... 24.53 32.28 1.15 1.42 111
1921....... 33.62 44.67 1.77 2.12 166 1937— - 28.00 36.32 1. 33 1.61 126
1922....... 32.75 43.33 1.73 2.07 161 1938___ 27.72 35.63 1.31 1.58 124
1923....... 37.24 48.25 1.89 2.25 169 1939___ 27.47 36.86 1. 30 1.66 124
1924....... 37.92 49.32 1.94 2.20 173
BASIS OF RATE AND DIVISION
Jan.
1
Apr.
1
1038 1930 10(0
July
Oct.
1
Jan.
1
Apr. July Oot.
1
Jan.
1
Apr.
1
Per month with board—
United States-___________ _____ $25.18 $27.60 $28.96 $28.25 $24.86 $27.08 $23.18 $26.28 $26. S3 $27.45
New England......... ........— —- 31.22 31.83 33.40 31.83 31.08 31.92 32.96 33.52 31.75 32.58
Middle Atlantic___________ 27.83 29.18 30.05 20.42 27.05 28.48 29.23 29.37 27.46 29.05
E. N. Central--------- ----------- 26.70 29.11 29.91 29.74 25.40 28.80 29.67 29.76 25.80 28.73
W. N. Central.......................... 21.85 28.35 29.47 28.83 21.98 28.21 29.05 28.89 22.32 27.98
South Atlantic......... —............. 16.63 16.60 17.06 16.41 16.54 16.10 16.89 16.86 16.76 16.92
E. S. Central........................... 15.70 15.78 15.98 15.68 15.54 16.97 16.47 16.08 15.93 16.14
W. S. Central........................... 18.80 18.70 19.39 19.10 18.08 18.54 19.19 18,98 18.35 18.70
Mountain.................... ............. 32.30 34.95 37.37 36.84 30.96 36.03 37.24 36.59 33.67 35.04
Pacific........................ -......... — 43.00 44.30 44.19 41.83 41.35 40.89 43.18 44.79 40.30 41.67
Per month without board—
34.70 33.82 37.28 36.09 34.92 35.42 36.26 36.13 35.27 36.41
New England................. .......... 53.55 55.66 57.23 55.13 54.71 56.23 57.24 58.52 56.31 56.48
Middle Atlantio------------------ 44.58 46.01 46.56 45.83 44.15 46.39 45. 56 45.62 43.56 46.22
E. N. Central........................... 39.10 41.03 41.91 41.68 37.96 40,91 41.71 42.07 37.94 41.27
W. N. Central................ ......... 32.87 38.93 39.82 39.20 33.33 38.41 39.19 30.36 33.33 38.59
25.06 24.43 25.11 24.40 24.03 24.32 25.17 24.80 25.08 25.46
E. S. Contral........................... 22.43 22.73 23.05 22.66 22.47 22.96 23.67 22.81 22.00 23.39
W. S. Central................-_____ 27.67 27.29 28.37 27.86 26.83 26.94 27.68 27.46 27.01 27.37
Mountain....................... -........ 47.62 51.00 53.53 62.29 46.22 51.00 53,64 52.54 48.55 51.30
Paoiflo....................................... 67.00 66.68 65.96 62.05 62.49 62.31 64.04 67.04 65.78 64.91
Per day with board—
United States_______ _________ 1.22 1.25 1.38 1.36 1.20 1.23 1.36 1.36 1.22 1.26
Now England........................... 1.71 1.73 1.84 1.84 1.72 1.73 1.79 1.84 1.73 1.73
Middle Atlantio......................- 1.72 1.69 1.79 1.78 1.61 1.64 1.74 1.76 1.61 1.68
E. N. Central........................— 1.54 1.53 1.66 1.05 1.43 1.50 1.66 1.67 1.48 1.52
W. N. Central.......................... 1.24 1.39 1.56 1.60 1.25 1.38 1.57 1.58 1.24 1.39
South Atlantio.......................... .89 .86 .89 .87 .86 .84 .90 .88 .88 .88
E. S. Central-........................... .79 .78 .89 .77 .77 .78 .81 .77 .79 .80
W. S. Central........................... .05 .93 .99 .97 .92 .92 1.00 1.00 .93 .92
Mountain................................. 1.56 1,63 1.74 1.81 1.63 1.61 1.75 1.72 1.59 1.63
Pacific—.................................. 2.01 1.95 2.1C 2.0! 1.92 1.96 2.00 2.02 1.92 1.96
Per day without board—
United States................................... 1.65 1. 56 1.63 1.59 1.63 1.63 1. 69 1.67 1.66 1.66
New England........................... 2.54 2.55 2.62 2.68 2.50, 2.72 2.71 2.70 2.65 2.58
Middle Atlantio..............-........ 2.32 2.32 2.37 2.39 2.20 2.26 2.33 2.36 2.21 2.29
2.04 2.02 2.16 2.16 1.94 2.03 2.15 2.17 1.97 2.02
W. N. Central__ 1___ -_____ 1.77 1.92 2.09 2.12 1.74 1.87 2.06 2.11 1.77 1.87
South Atlantic.......................... 1.19 1.15 1.19 1.16 1.18 1.14 1.20 1.19 1.20 1.18
E. S. Contral............................ 1.02 1.00 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.02 1.04 1.03 1.03 1.04
W. S. Central........................... 1.25 1.22 1.28 1.24 1.19 1.18 1,26 1.24 1.19 1.18
Mountain................................. 2.69 2.19 2.31 2.33 2.09 2.22 2.34 2.27 2.14 2.18
Paoiflo...................................... 2.86 2.81 2.78 2.71 2.02 2.66 2.70 2.29 2.70 2.68
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
Figures are published quarterly in Crops and Markets.

FERTILIZER CONSUMPTION 665
No. 628.— F e r t i l i z e r C o n s u m p tio n -, b y S t a t e s : 1932 t o 1939
N oth.—Figures are based on tag sales, records of State officials, or estimates. Rook phosphate sales in
Illinois are not inoludod. In addition to tonnage for consumption, shown in the table below, fertilizers
and fertilizer materials produced in continental United States and exported to island possessions are as
follows: To Hawaii, 1937, 57,200 tons; 1038, 35,250 tpns; 1930, 40,000 tons. To Puerto Rico, 1937, 128,000
tons; 1938, 90,250 tons; 1039,100,200 tons
[In tons of 8,000 pounds]
DIVISION AND STATE 1932 1933 1934 1935 1930 1937 1938
1939
(prel.)
United States___ 4,384,818 4,908,004 5, 583,431 6,274,364 6,901,850 •8,195,606 •7,488,800 i 7,589,349
Hew E ngland......... 398,084 288,498 376,982 280,510 290,299 336,975 314,216 293,638
Maine________ 155,000 135,000 138,000 125,000 130,000 140,000 140,000 132,500
New Hampshire 11,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 10,500 18,000 16,500 14,500
Vermont............ 11.767 9,520 13,087 15.295 10,421 25,260 20,067 12,664
Massachusetts.. 61,058 54,970 57,644 63,208 64,481 74,274 09,175 63,974
Rhode Island... 6,500 8,000 9,000 10,000 10,000 11,000 12,200 11,000
Connecticut___ 61,814 47,008 45,251 51,007 52,897 67,441 56,274 59,000
Middle Atlantic____ 814, 518 609,492 676,047 729,163 784,071 904,114 333,018 835,162
New York____ 235,000 250,000 270,000 285,000 315,000 350,000 332,881 318,992
New Jersey....... 137,051 127,515 138.060 149,408 160,741 183,952 171,722 176,170
Pennsylvania... 241,885 231,977 267, 987 295,048 318, 330 370,162 358,415 340,000
East North Central.. 396,072 427,861 625, 431 eeo,105 771, 888 812, 540 760,482 776,112
Ohio....... ........... 169, 289 208,869 263, 773 306, 509 337,146 362,205 324,228 345,585
Indiana.............. 100,581 105,289 140, 526 100,007 245, 537 220,887 220,967 201,420
Illinois............... 10,339 17,392 18, 087 23,827 31, 308 30,076 36,132 40,673
Michigan........... 82,400 80,000 82,476 111,288 125, 003 144,500 132,702 144,811
Wisconsin......... 26,518 18,311 19, 669 28,414 32,184 42,872 46,433 42,623
West North Central.. 48,993 46,914 72,423 83,072 121, 710 119,724 116,918 111,962
M innesota...... 9,320 7,257 9,165 10,770 0,899 12,386 13,778 13,455
Iowa................... 10,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 6,403 8,623 11,146 13,018
Missouri............ 20,427 32,422 52, 250 59,398 03, 588 82,498 70,301 67,733
North D akota.. 400 200 300 300 350 400 650 1,000
South D akota.. 100 100 100 100 100 150 150 300
Nebraska........... 200 200 100 200 200 500 1,794 2,090
Kansas.............. 2,546 1,735 5, 409 7,298 11,170 15,267 18,099 14,366
South Atlantic____ 2,354,428 2,749,847 2,989,114 3.286,689 3, 609,056 4,184,302 3,762,617 3,818,649
Delaware......... . 33,120 28,477 36,700 37,800 39,000 44,466 36,281 35,500
Maryland_____ 124,880 132.876 146,439 164,843 164,817 180,285 166,408 165,342
District of Golum
bia........... 800 900 1,000 1,200 1.300 1,600 1,700 1.800
Virginia............. 279,904 307,689 336,016 378,630 386,474 440,430 405,179 418,089
West Virginia... 35,000 40,000 48,500 55,000 55,000 58,000 53,500 56,500
North Carolina. 696.167 889,310 876,874 1,000,071 1.038,920 1,236,564 1,104,788 1,215,887
South Carolina. 440,027 681,515 672, 270 613,561 626,446 771,198 600,963 678,859
Georgia.............. 357,352 416,283 549, 276 617,439 684,522 866,360 768,323 689,790
Florida.............. 381,178 352,897 423,032 418,239 512,577 579,399 555,475 556,782
East South Central... 408,103 526,640 676,496 306,361 913,424 1,212,983 1,092,946 1,131,224
Kentucky_____ 55,220 68,272 02,520 73,502 89,392 117,078 109,608 120,009
Tennessee. ___ 62,956 76,827 02,458 96,444 117,305 141,325 128,291 130,354
Alabama_____ 205,400 287,350 353,450 422,400 467,790 620,260 528,850 562,100
Mississippi........ 84,526 104,191 162,067 214,015 230,027 326.320 325,836 318,761
West South Central.. 103,834 119,210 178,869 200, 583 237,841 322,238 308,623 337,468
Arkansas......... 17,348 22,140 41,620 39,630 48,031 68,675 67,800 74,122
Louisiana.......... 49,376 01,514 76,326 02,532 117,106 167,318 148,542 160,488
Oklahoma......... ‘2,925 1,985 4,990 6,619 6,055 6,845 8,005 7,622
Texas................ 34,185 33,571 55,923 61,802 65, 549 89,400 84,276 95,226
Mountain.................. oi 141 8,702 9,871 14,787 18,737 27,836 31,148 30,221
Montana_____ 500 1,000 1, 500 3,000 3,770 4,000 5,000 5,000
Idaho................. 1,600 2, 500 2, 500 3,000 3,000 4,417 9,015 6,500
Wyoming.......... 860 700 850 1,308 1,300 1,400 1,600 2,100
Colorado............ 1,700 1,000 800 1,200 1, 500 1,800 4,393 4,578
New Mexico___ 541 952 1,221 1,636 2, 667 3,218 2,240 2,243
Arizona____ ... 2,000 1,500 2,000 3,303 4,000 10,500 6, 500 7,000
U tah.................. 2,000 1,000 500 760 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,300
Nevada.............. 50 50 500 500 500 600 500 500
Paoiflo___________ 152, 668 152,840 179, 209 212,801 244, 844 976,796 249,853 256,023
Washington___ 15,400 15,800 18, 700 21,100 23,300 28,000 27,000 23,760
Oregon............. 10,000 11,000 12,1)00 13,000 14,300 15,000 14,600 12,760
California.......... 127,298 126, 040 148, 509 178,701 207, 244 232,795 208,363 219,523
>Not including 45,008 tons of concentrated superphosphate in 1037, 55,000 tons in 1938, and 160,948 tons
in 1939, distributed by Agricultural Adjustment Administration.
Source: The National Fertilizer Association, Washington, D. O. Figures published in Fertilizer
Review.
267706”—41------44

6 6 6 FARMS— GENERAL STATISTICS
No. 629.— F a r m e r s ’ C o o p e r a t i v e M a r k e t i n g a n d P u r c h a s i n g , b y S t a t e s :
1924 a n d 1929
Noth,—for total numbor of all farms (base for percentages) see table 005
N U M B E R OF FA RM S
R E P O R T IN G SA LES
N U M B E R O F F A R M S
R E P O R T IN G P U R C H A S E S
V A L U E O F F A R M
PR O D U C T S SO LD
V A L U E O F S U P ­
P L IE S P U R ­
C H A SED
D IV ISIO N A N D STA TE
1924 1929
Percont
of all
farms,
1929
1924 1920
Percent
ot all
farms,
1929
1224 1929 1924 1929
Thousands of dollars
United States__ B84,207 661,896 11.0 362,745 410,914 6.6 858,284 892,481 76,971 126,042
Hew England_______ 10,845 9,170 7.3 10,787 10,897 8.7 20,746 21,068 6,709 8,802
Maine____-_____ 2,555 756 1.9 1,806 1,674 4.3 3,823 872 626 928
New Hampshire.. 428 461 3.1 1,701 1,647 11.0 376 676 911 1,113
Vermont............... 2,745 4,304 17.3 3,188 2,632 10.6 3,870 6,807 1,485 1,513
Massachusetts___ 2,091 1,448 5.7 2,278 2,891 11.3 4,145 4,988 1,462 2,545
Rhode Island____ 235 140 4.2 213 148 4.6 671 308 123 172
Connecticut_____ 2,791 2,062 12.0 1,513 1,905 11.1 7,955 7,417 1,102 2,631
Kiddle Atlantio—........ 89,296 41,008 11.6 24,716 30.856 8.6 60,274 72,167 7.377 16.871
New York______ 26,686 28,015 17.5 12,509 19,933 12.6 37,945 52,623 3,928 11,408
1,401 1.750 6.9 1,606 1,899 7.6 2,309 6,272 957 1,785
Pennsylvania____ 11,308 11,303 6.6 10,601 9,024 5.2 10,020 14,272 2,492 3,678
East North Central.__ 206,409 170,992 17.7 103,199 116,368 11.9 145,068 160,849 16.688 24,449
Ohio...................... 39,996 31,067 14.2 24,711 26,730 12.2 27,991 26,103 3,590 6,168
Indiana________ 28,560 20,461 11.3 14,558 18,742 10.3 17,213 16,087 1,774 3,404
Illinois....... ........... 62,606 41,857 10.5 17,471 16,861 7.9 62,828 48,934 2,970 3,826
Michigan.............. 38,730 31,331 18.5 25,124 28,721 17.0 19,552 16,581 3,607 6,797
Wisconsin______ 45,528 46,276 25.5 21,335 24,308 13.4 27,484 42, 644 3,738 6,104
West North Central___ 303,100 200,100 26.1 140.688 169.988 14.4 292.354 310, 334 26,740 33.672
Minnesota______ 79,891 96,039 61.6 26,066 30,561 21.4 73,261 105, 906 3,844 6,414
Iowa.......... .......... 72,639 68,970 27.4 34,034 33,183 15.4 81,290 74,635 6,581 7,462
Missouri.......;____ 60,860 47,442 18.5 33,343 31,982 12.5 32,574 29,448 4,587 6,605
North Dakota___ 12,013 20,382 26.1 5,627 11,086 14.2 17,032 20,831 1,363 1,622
South Dakota....... 17,760 18,141 21.8 8,835 11,170 13.4 18,651 10,400 1,451 2,070
Nebraska....... ...... 28,130 23,307 18.1 15,461 16,098 11.7 32,741 26,040 3,716 4,442
Kansas.................. 30,079 26,228 16.8 17,322 17,003 10.8 36,805 30,396 4,190 5,047
South Atlantio_______ 90,879 28,062 2.7 20,830 16,866 1.6 73,377 41.802 4.968 8,611
Delaware_______ 103 64 .7 416 186 1.9 122 86 136 139
Maryland............. 6,121 4,533 10.5 3,817 3,383 7.8 7,298 6,925 910 1,178
Virginia................ 27,600 4,394 2.6 6,768 3,947 2.3 20,012 8,702 1,256 1,475
West Virginia....... 3,106 1,652 2.0 2,709 2,268 2.7 919 1,207 320 389
North Carolina__ 22,107 4,600 1.6 2,791 2,168 .8 13,018 2,907 450 483
South Carolina__ 10,001 2,409 1.6 819 555 .4 8,922 3,856 335 718
G eorgia......___ 13,376 6,142 2.0 2,388 1,724 .7 9,082 3,660 304 400
Florida...--____ 7,765 5,802 9.8 2,063 1,645 2.8 13,104 14,309 1,267 1,829
East South Central___ 61,073 10,070 1.9 21.293 16,948 1.6 49,827 13,603 2,691 2,626
Kentucky............. 53,704 4,793 1.9 3,308 1,260 .5 27,616 2,736 504 276
Tennessee______ 16,303 3,552 1.4 4,490 2,872 1.2 7,182 1,382 445 382
Alabama__-____ 11,366 7,270 2.8 7,640 7,682 3.0 7,029 3,864 1,021 1,360
Mississippi—........ 10,701 4,055 1.3 5,855 4,134 1.3 8,101 5,021 721 508
West South Central___ 67.716 42,202 3.8 17,720 18,421 1.7 76,724 48,177 2,703 3,882
Arkansas_______ 8,861 4,651 1.9 3,910 2,610 1.0 7,119 3,154 460 358
Louisiana---------- 10,114 7,467 4.6 4,393 6,029 4.3 8,604 7,076 782 1,366
Oklahoma______ 19,049 21,715 10.7 4,878 5,273 2.6 20,854 23,480 007 960
Texas—;________ 29,691 8,459 1.7 4,639 3,700 .7 39,147 14,450 704 1,208
mountain.__. . . _____ 24,581 28,347 11.7 8.000 12,298 6.1 35,044 36,703 1,710 3,573
Montana——____ 2,899 5,674 11.7 708 3,034 6.4 3,081 6,730 135 822
Idaho—________ 3,272 7,031 16.9 1,040 2,174 6.2 2,712 7,711 144 447
Wyoming_______ 1,231 2,145 13.4 512 581 3.6 1,009 2,460 226 218
Colorado......... 10,828 6,783 11.3 3,703 3,339 6.6 21,090 8,400 883 804
Now M exico..__ 2,014 1,443 4.6 829 560 1.8 3,254 2,631 139 171
Arizona________ 523 039 4.5 222 182 1.3 1,514 2,053 65 95
Utah___________ 3,775 4,193 15.4 074 2,284 8.4 2,368 4,264 116 980
Nevada-______ _ 39 539 16.7 12 135 3.0 16 1,048 2 36
Pacific.__ —....... ........ 61,220 81.495 23.5 15,612 31,272 11.9 116,871 197,778 9,385 24.763
Washington_____ 13,205 16,737 23.6 6,500 11,885 16.8 20,604 33,338 3,470 9,006
Oregon_________ 6,590 8,038 16.7 2,858 4,602 8.2 8,062 11,367 1,160 1,445
California____ ... 32,425 36,120 26.6 6,254 14,885 11.0 87,246 153,073 4,765 14,312
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of (be Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Agriculture,
Vol. IV.

COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATIONS 667
No. 630.— F a r m e r s ’ B u s i n e s s A s s o c i a t i o n s , b t N u m b e r , M e m b e r s h ip , a n d
V a l u e o p B u s i n e s s D o n e , b y S t a t e s a n d b y C o m m o d ity G r o u p s
N ote.—Business in thousands of dollars. Estimates are based on reports received from association officers.
Membership comprises members, contract members, and shareholders, but does not include patrons not
in theso categories. Business includes the f. o. b. value at shipping point of farm products sold by the
associations, the sales value of farm supplies sold to members, and the revenue derived by associations
rendering services such as ginning cotton, warehousing tobacco, storing wheat, etc, There wore 10,752
associations for 1036-37 with an estimated membership of 3,270,000, and an estimated business amounting
to $2,106,000,000; figures not available by States________________________________________________
A S S O C I A T I O N S L I S T E D e s t i m a t e d m e m b e r s h i p e s t i m a t e d b u s i n e s s
D I V I S I O N A N D S T A T E
1 9 3 5 - 3 6 1 9 3 7 - 3 8 1 9 3 8 - 3 9 1 9 3 5 - 3 0 1 9 3 7 - 3 8 1 0 3 8 - 3 9 1 9 3 5 - 3 6 1 9 3 7 - 3 8 1 0 3 8 - 3 0
U n i t e d S t a t e s _____
1 0 , 5 0 0 1 0 , 9 0 0 10, 7 0 0 3 , 6 6 0 , 0 0 0 8 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 3 , 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 8 4 0 , 0 0 0 2 , 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 2, 1 0 0 , o o o
N e w E n g l a n d - ......................
M a i n e . . . . ............................
N o w H a m p s h i r e ............
V e r m o n t ............................
M a s s a c h u s e t t s ............—
R h o d e I s l a n d ....................
C o n n e c t i c u t ........................
1 8 0
4 1
12
3 2
3 8
2
5 5
1 7 2
3 8
12
3 7
4 6
3
3 7
1 6 6
3 6
1 3
3 5
4 3
3
3 6
1 1 8 , 2 8 0
8,120
4 , 0 1 0
9 , 9 0 0
8 6 , 6 4 0
1 , 4 0 0
9 , 3 1 0
1 3 S , 8 7 0
7 . 3 1 0
3 , 7 3 0
9 , 2 8 0
1 0 4 , 7 8 0
1 , 5 5 0
7 , 2 2 0
1 3 8 , 1 6 0
6 , 7 1 0
3 , 9 3 0
7 , 4 8 0
1 1 1 , 8 0 0
1 , 6 0 0
6, 6 4 0
7 2 , 3 8 0
3 , 4 0 0
2 , 2 9 0
1 0 , 8 0 0
4 5 , 1 8 0
1 , 6 5 0
9 , 1 0 0
9 3 . 2 9 0
3 , 9 8 0
3 , 9 2 0
1 7 , 0 4 0
5 6 , 3 2 0
1 , 8 4 0
1 0 , 1 9 0
8 2 , 5 5 0
3 , 6 1 0
3 , 9 2 0
9 , 6 7 0
5 4 , 3 0 0
1 , 6 4 0
9 , 4 1 0
M i d d l e A t l a n t i c . . _____
N e w Y o r k .............................
N e w J e r s e y ..........................
P e n n s y l v a n i a ..............
4 8 1
2 7 2
5 2
1 5 7
6 0 6
2 9 1
5 1
1 6 4
6 3 6
3 1 6
5 4
1 0 5
2 0 4 , 9 9 0
1 2 8 , 6 4 0
2 1 , 7 1 0
6 4 , 4 1 0
2 7 6 , 1 9 0
1 9 9 , G 5 0
2 0 , 2 8 0
5 6 , 2 6 0
2 4 7 , BOO
1 7 2 , 3 0 0
1 9 , 0 5 0
6 0 , 2 5 0
1 9 2 . 0 4 0
1 4 2 , 2 8 0
12,220
3 8 , 1 4 0
2 1 2 , 8 9 0
1 5 2 , 4 2 0
1 3 , 4 9 0
4 6 , 0 8 0
2 0 6 , 2 0 0
1 4 4 . 8 6 0
1 3 , 4 9 0
4 7 . 8 5 0
E a s t N o r t h C e n t r a l ............
O h i o ..............................................
I n d i a n a .....................................
I l l i n o i s ........................................
M i c h i g a n ................................
W i s c o n s i n ..............................
2 , 6 7 0
3 2 2
2 5 4
7 0 6
3 0 2
1 , 0 8 6
2 , 0 6 6
3 4 4
2 1 6
0 5 2
3 0 6
1 , 1 4 5
2 , 5 9 3
3 3 1
2 1 3
6 3 3
3 0 0
1 , 1 1 6
1 , 0 8 0 , 6 2 0
2 0 5 , 8 4 0
1 9 5 , 1 9 0
3 3 4 , 6 4 0
1 2 8 , 0 0 0
2 1 7 , 0 5 0
9 2 4 , 6 S 0
1 6 7 , 1 6 0
1 4 6 , 3 3 0
3 2 0 , 0 0 0
1 0 3 , 2 3 0
1 8 7 , 7 6 0
8 9 0 , 7 4 0
1 5 9 , 5 0 0
1 3 1 , 3 4 0
3 2 0 . 8 2 0
9 9 . 2 6 0
1 7 9 . 8 2 0
4 6 2 , 2 2 0
8 4 , 5 6 0
5 7 , 4 5 0
1 6 2 , 1 0 0
0 3 , 9 7 0
9 4 , 1 5 0
6 7 6 , 2 3 0
1 1 7 , 1 4 0
7 8 , 9 4 0
2 7 0 , 9 1 0
8 2 . 6 G 0
1 2 0 , 6 8 0
5 7 4 , 6 8 0
1 0 1 , 7 2 0
6 9 , 5 0 0
2 2 2 , 9 0 0
7 9 , 4 6 0
101,100
W e s t N o r t h C e n t r a l _____
M i n n e s o t a ............................
I o w a .............................................
M i s s o u r i ..................................
N o r t h D a k o t a ..................
S o u t h D a k o t a ..................
N e b r a s k a .......................—
K a n s a s ____ . . . . . . _____
4 , 5 9 9
1 , 4 0 1
9 5 4
4 3 5
5 4 2
3 2 0
6 3 2
4 1 5
4 , 6 4 9
1 , 4 3 2
8 6 4
3 0 7
5 6 3
3 3 6
6 1 8
4 3 9
4 , 4 1 3
1 , 4 1 2
8 3 4
3 9 1
5 2 8
3 2 2
5 0 6
4 2 0
1 , 2 8 7 , 1 9 0
3 8 0 . 6 0 0
2 8 9 , 1 3 0
1 9 1 . 6 0 0
9 5 , 3 3 0
7 9 , 0 4 0
1 6 0 , 3 2 0
9 0 , 3 7 0
1 , 0 1 7 , 4 1 0
2 7 9 , 3 0 0
2 0 2 , 7 3 0
1 6 9 , 2 7 0
7 7 , 0 8 0
7 0 , 5 4 0
1 5 1 , 6 0 0
7 6 , 8 9 0
1 , 0 1 2 , 7 7 0
3 0 5 , 9 0 0
1 9 1 , 4 9 0
1 4 4 , 6 0 0
7 4 , 8 7 0
7 4 , 7 2 0
1 4 9 , 8 8 0
7 1 , 3 1 0
4 9 9 , 6 1 0
1 4 9 , 0 5 0
1 1 7 . 0 4 0
8 0 , 5 3 0
2 9 , 4 6 0
2 4 , 7 3 0
6 0 , 9 0 0
3 7 , 3 0 0
6 1 3 , 0 6 0
2 0 4 , 3 0 0
1 3 4 , 2 0 0
9 2 , 1 3 0
3 5 , 0 6 0
2 4 , 0 5 0
0 0 , 4 3 0
6 2 . 2 9 0
6 3 6 , 7 3 0
1 7 8 , 5 7 0
1 2 0 . 3 1 0
7 8 , 6 3 0
3 2 . 3 1 0
2 7 , 1 3 0
6 1 , 6 9 0
4 8 , 1 9 0
S o u t h A t l a n t i c .........................
M a r y l a n d .........................
D i s t . o f C o l u m b i a .
V i r g i n i a ...............................
W e s t V i r g i n i a ' . . . . . .
N o r t h C a r o l i n a ..............
S o u t h C a r o l i n a . . .
G e o r g i a — ........... ..............
F l o r i d a ......................................
E a s t S o u t h C e n t r a l .............
K e n t u c k y ..............................
T e n n e s s e e ................;_____ -
A l a b a m a .................................
M i s s i s s i p p i ...........................
W e s t S o u t h C e n t r a l . . . .
A r k a n s a s ...............T..............
L o u i s i a n a ...............................
O k l a h o m a .............................
T e x a s ...........................................
3 9 6
1
3 8
2
01
3 6
6 0
12
4 9
1 0 6
2 6 0
86
7 0
8 7
5 7
686
5 2
3 6
2 2 4
3 2 6
4 6 6
1
4 5
1
110
3 0
8 1
10
: 5 8
112
2 8 2
3 7
01
102
8 2
7 3 0
5 6
4 8
2 3 1
3 0 5
4 5 3
1
4 1
1 1 3
3 0
7 5
20
6 0
110
2 8 2
3 7
01
0 4
9 0
7 6 3
4 2
4 7
2 2 4
4 5 0
1 6 2 , 1 8 0
21,000
1 , 1 6 0
4 0 , 1 0 0
1 3 , 6 8 0
3 2 , 6 4 0
1 3 , 4 3 0
3 2 , 0 2 0
7 , 0 0 0
2 4 0 , 3 7 0
3 0 , 9 7 0
9 8 , 2 9 0
3 3 , 7 1 0
7 1 , 4 0 0
2 2 9 , 7 4 0
0,000
3 0 , 3 3 0
7 4 , 1 « 0
1 0 7 , 3 1 0
1 6 0 , 2 4 0
10
2 6 , 1 0 0
20
3 8 , OQO
7 , 3 7 0
2 7 , 1 0 0
9 , 8 9 0
4 4 , 6 8 0
7 , 0 1 0
2 8 7 , 2 6 0
0 0 , 0 5 0
9 8 , 1 9 0
3 9 , 7 2 0
6 9 , 3 0 0
2 5 6 , 7 4 0
5 , 3 2 0
4 4 , 4 2 0
7 6 , 5 8 0
1 3 0 , 4 2 0
1 6 1 , 0 2 0
10
1 8 , 1 1 0
4 6 , 7 4 0
9 , 2 5 0
2 4 , 4 2 0
1 0 , 4 1 0
4 5 , 3 0 0
6 , 7 8 0
2 1 5 , 7 0 0
68, 6 9 0
7 4 , 0 1 0
3 8 , 8 2 0
4 4 , 2 8 0
2 6 6 , 9 0 0
4 , 5 0 0
4 3 , 7 4 0
7 2 , 8 0 0
1 4 5 , 8 0 0
7 5 , 9 9 0
1 4 , 4 7 0
6 , 3 0 0
1 5 , 6 5 0
1 , 4 6 0
7 , 4 1 0
4 , 6 1 0
8 , 4 5 0
1 7 , 7 5 0
6 3 , 2 2 0
7 . 8 0 0
20,100
7 , 0 G 0
2 8 , 2 6 0
1 0 6 , 8 1 0
2 , 3 2 0
21,000
3 3 , 0 7 0
6 0 , 3 6 0
1 0 3 , 4 7 0
2 2 , 5 1 0
20
2 3 , 3 6 0
2,120
1 1 , 3 1 0
5 , 6 5 0
8,220
3 0 , 2 8 0
7 0 , 7 9 0
1 5 , 4 9 0
1 6 . 8 4 0
0 , 6 4 0
3 1 , 8 2 0
1 4 4 , 0 8 0
4 , 9 7 0
2 8 , 9 7 0
4 5 , 8 1 0
6 9 . 3 3 0
9 3 . 9 7 0
10
2 0 , 0 6 0
2 1 , 7 4 0
2,220
8 , 2 4 0
2 , 9 1 0
0 , 6 9 0
3 1 , 2 0 0
4 7 , 0 4 0
1 2 , 0 8 0
1 1 , 8 1 0
0 , 8 5 0
1 6 , 7 0 0
1 2 6 , O lO
4 , 4 0 0
2 3 , 0 7 0
3 0 , 2 6 0
6 1 , 2 8 0
M o u n t a i n ......................................
M o n t a n a . ..............................
I d a h o ...........................................
W y o m i n g ...............................
C o l o r a d o . ...............................
N o w M e x i c o .......................
A r i z o n a .................. .................
U t a h ............................................
N e v a d a . ____ - ......................
4 6 0
1 6 1
7 4
3 3
1 1 6
20
1 3
3 6
S
5 8 0
1 9 9
1 2 7
8 5
1 1 7
20
1 7
5 7
8
5 9 9
1 9 2
1 3 0
3 8
112
1 7
10
68
8
1 4 2 , 6 0 0
2 8 , 9 8 0
3 4 , 9 6 0
7 , 3 5 0
4 1 , 5 1 0
2 , 6 5 0
1 , 2 4 0
2 6 , 2 4 0
5 8 0
1 6 4 , 8 0 0
2 6 , 8 8 0
5 7 , 1 4 0
7 . 3 1 0
4 3 , 5 0 0
3 , 4 3 0
1 , 5 1 0
2 4 , 5 1 0
5 2 0
1 6 6 , 8 6 0
2 6 , 4 4 0
5 7 , 7 4 0
7 , 4 5 0
4 5 . 2 6 0
2,020
1 , 7 4 0
2 4 , 6 0 0
7 1 0
8 8 , 1 6 0
1 7 , 7 4 0
1 0 , 7 0 0
2 . 8 0 0
2 6 , 0 8 0
1 , 9 0 0
1 , 2 4 0
1 9 , 1 8 0
4 0 0
1 0 2 , 7 6 0
9 , 3 9 0
2 5 . 3 3 0
3 , 1 0 0
3 3 , 7 7 0
5 , 0 4 0
1,000
2 4 , 0 2 0
5 1 0
9 3 . 9 7 0
1 4 . 8 5 0
2 4 , 3 3 0
4 , 0 0 0
2 5 , 8 8 0
1 , 5 2 0
2 , 3 9 0
2 0 , 4 4 0
4 7 0
P a c i f l o _____________________
W a s h i n g t o n ...................
O r e g o n ....................................
C a l i f o r n i a ...............................
8 2 9
2 1 4
1 6 7
4 4 8
9 4 9
2 4 8
1 7 9
5 2 2
9 2 7
2 4 0
1 7 1
5 1 6
1 9 7 , 4 9 0
7 7 , 9 0 0
3 9 , 7 3 0
7 9 , 8 3 0
1 9 9 . 9 6 0
7 6 , 8 8 0
4 1 , 4 0 0
8 2 , 6 8 0
2 0 0 , 2 5 0
7 5 , 1 9 0
3 8 , 5 8 0
8 0 , 4 8 0
2 7 8 , 9 7 0
5 7 , 9 3 0
2 4 , 6 1 0
1 9 0 , 4 3 0
3 8 3 , 4 3 0
7 7 . 8 4 0
4 3 , 8 0 0
2 6 1 , 7 9 0
8 3 9 . 8 6 0
6 7 , 6 2 0
3 9 , 3 6 0
2 3 2 , 8 7 0
C o m m o d i t y g r o u p s :
C o t t o n a n d p r o a u c t s .
D a i r y p r o d u c t s — — .
F r u i t s a n d v e g e t a b l e s .
G r a i n 8.......................................
L i v e s t o c k ...............................
P o u l t r y p r o d u c t s —
T o b a c c o .......................... ........
W o o l a n d m o h a i r . . .
A l l o t h e r s _______________
3 1 1
2 , 2 7 0
1 , 0 6 3
3 , 0 1 0
1 , 0 4 0
1 5 4
1 4
1 1 4
2 , 6 2 4
4 1 6
2 , 4 2 1
1 , 1 0 4
2,010
0 2 6
1 0 4
11
1 3 0
3 , 0 2 0
4 7 6
2 , 3 7 3
1 , 1 1 6
2 , 5 4 0
8 6 2
1 8 0
10
. 1 3 5
3 , 0 0 8
3 0 0 . 0 0 0
7 2 0 . 0 0 0
1 6 6 , 0 0 0
6 1 0 , 0 0 0
6 0 0 . 0 0 0
0 3 , 0 0 0
6 0 , 0 0 0
5 1 , 4 0 0
1 , 0 5 9 , 0 0 0
3 5 0 , 0 0 0
7 0 0 , 0 0 0
1 0 4 , 0 0 0
3 6 0 , 0 0 0
6 0 0 , 0 0 0
1 0 6 , 0 0 0
7 0 , 0 0 0
5 0 , 0 0 0
1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0
3 1 5 . 0 0 0
6 5 0 . 0 0 0
1 5 8 . 0 0 0
3 0 7 . 0 0 0
6 0 0 . 0 0 0
100,000
00,000
00,000
9 7 4 , 0 0 0
m o , o o o
5 2 0 . 0 0 0
212, 0 0 0
3 0 0 . 0 0 0
2 5 0 . 0 0 0
6 0 , 0 0 0
1 1 , 5 0 0
1 1 ,0 0 0
2 0 6 , 5 0 0
1 1 1 0 , 0 0 0
6 8 0 , 0 0 0
3 0 0 . 0 0 0
4 7 6 . 0 0 0
3 1 2 . 0 0 0
9 1 , 0 0 0
1 3 , COO
1 1 , 3 0 0
4 0 1 , 7 0 0
1 7 3 . 0 0 0
6 1 0 . 0 0 0
2 7 3 , 0 0 0
3 8 3 . 0 0 0
2 8 0 . 0 0 0
7 8 . 0 0 0
11.000
1 3 , 0 0 0
3 7 9 , 0 0 0
1 Includes some Government loan cotton. 3 Includes dry beans and rice.
Source: Farm Credit Administration, annual report, Statistics of Farmers’ Marketing and Purchasing
Cooperatives.

36. FARM PRODUCTION AND RELATED STATISTICS
[Figures in this section relate to continental United States except foreign trade statistics, which represent
the trade of the “Customs Area.” (See headnote, table 546)]
No. 6 3 1 .—F arm I ncome—Estimated Cash and Gross I ncome, by Major
Groups of Commodities, and Government Payments: 1936 to 1939
Note.—In thousands of dollars. Based on monthly estimates of farm marketings published regularly by
the Bureau of Agricultural Economics. Revised series; replaces estimates previously published
SOURCE OF INCOME
Cash
Income1
1036 1937
Gross
income 3
Cash
Income >
Gross
income1
Income from all crops___ ____ ____________ ______ 3,575,118 4,021,424 3,877,787 4,355,272
Cotton and cottonseed.......................... .......................
Income from all livestock-..,............................................
Poultry3 and eggs (chicken)........................................
Total income from farm marketings........... ..................
Government payments *..................................................
Grand total....................................................................
875,310
004,870
434,206
653,806
243,160
463, 073
4,636,929
2,232,843
1,460,182
783,834
161,070
8,212,041
287,252
8,499.293
916,920
004,870
476,700
803, 864
243,100
585,703
6,606,116
2, 603, 237
1,870,158
1, 000, 945
166,770
0, 627, 540
287,252
9t 914t 702
1,014,440
883,776
510,223
645,184
320,618
494,037
4,866,338
2,320,017
1,531,510
817,612
187,290
8,744,125
366,809
9*111*024
1,056,805
883,776
578,128
807,106
320,518
618,039
6,847,261
2,503, m
1,060,022
1,100,623
192,172
10,202,633
366,809
HU 689,432
SOURCE OF INCOME
Cash
Income i
1938 (prel.) 1939 (prol.)
Gross
income3
Cash
income1
Gross
income»
Income from all orops____________________ ______ 3,126,224 3, 641,325 3,287,996 3,662, 285
Cotton and cottonseed..................... ............................
Fruits and n u ts ..........................................................
Income from all livestook................................................
Poultry3 and eggs (chicken)........................................
Total income from farm marketings.................................
809,648
646,021
376, 663
532,605
204,333
466,064
4,463,460
2,174,501
1,396,118
761, 271
7,689,718
Government paymentsRepresentes value of crops, livestock, and livestock products actually sold oil farms.
1 Represents cash income from farm marketings plus value of commodities used for human consumption
on farms where grown at averago prices received by producers.
3 Includes ohickens and turkeys.
. 1 Includes agricultural conservation, Sugar Act, rental and benefit, cotton option, and price adjustment
payments to farmers.
Source: Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Economics; annual reports, Agricultural
Statistics, and Gross Farm Income and Government Payments.
668

FARM INCOME 6 6 9
No. 6 3 2 .— F a r m I n c o m e — E s t i m a t e d C a s h a n d G r o s s In c o m e , b y
C o m m o d itie s : 1938 a n d 1939
N ote.—In thousands of dollars. Cash income is value of crops, livestock, and livestock products actually
sold off farms. Gross income is value of farm production sold plus value of production retained for use
in farm homes
COMMODITY
CASH FARM INCOME
19381 19391
GROSS FABM INCOME
19381 1939>
Grand total including Government payments.. 8,071,934 8, 539,602 9,362,195
Grand total (crops and livestock).
Government payments2________
All crops, total_____ ________________
Corn................ ................................................
Wheat..... ........................................................
Oats..
Barley..........
R ye.............
Buckwheat-
Flaxseed-— .
Rice-
Grain sorghums...........
Cotton lint___ ___ __
Cottonseed.................
Tobacco...... ...............
Dry edible beans.........
Potatoes......................
Sweetpotatoos...... ......
Truck crops________
Citrus fruits................
Apples........................
Peaches.......................
Pears...........................
Cherries.................
Grapes........................
Strawberries................
Cranberries________
Tree nuts____ ___ —
Small fruits...___ ___
Other fruits.................
Sugarcano for sugar__
Sugar beets..................
Sugarcane sirup...........
Sorgo sirup................
Maple sugar and sirup..
Hay_.
Clover seed (rod and alsike).........................
Sweetclover seed----------- ----------------------
Lespedesa seed__________________ _____
Alfalfa seed....................................................
Timothy seed.............................. ........... .......
Soybeans....... .............................. ........... .......
CowpeaS—.....................................................
Peanuts-------------------------------- -----------
Hops______ ___________ _____________
Other........ ................ ..................... ...............
livestock and livestock products, total_
Cattle and calves_____________________
Sheep and lambs.
Chickens_______
Turkeys...............
Chicken eggs.......
Dairy products...
Wool.....................
Other__________
7,589,713
482,221
S, 126, 224
269, 395
390, 082
42, 522
38,165
8,325
1,519
12,164
33,977
7,499
562,131
84, 700
294, 383
37, 529
127,701
21,792
345, 673
101,014
32, 980
31,169
12, 630
7,056
37, 828
87, 509
5,226
18,506
10,618
31,007
18,181
54,698
5,026
3,630
4,370
67,117
12,642
1,288
5,204
0,031
1,760
32,313
0,147
46,257
6,340
102,302
4,463,489
1,143,080
868,535
162,070
223, 609
04, 259
473,313
1,390,118
71,239
60,270
7,732,687
807,065
3, 237,996
320,039
396, 677
44, 516
37,397
8,700
1, 371
24,408
32,848
5,614
525,320
83, 485
263, 070
36,773
157, 059
21, 350
367, 282
99, 600
97, 760
40, 572
16, 437
9,080
37, 786
30,168
6,909
18,930
11,094
36,781
18,511
50,481
0,497
3,393
4,104
65,400
15,060
2,028
6,623
11,083
1,970
40,651
5,729
34,086
8,773
210,869
4,494,641
1,274, 714
821, 097
180, 265
227, ISO
08,128
422(937
1, 355,007
84, 324
80, 850
8,879,974
482,221
3,541,326
288,973
407,090
42, 522
38,165
8,464
1,082
12,104
34,087
7,499
562,131
84, 790
294, 333
37, 825
165, 645
47,138
510.871
101, 708
101, 516
38,860
15, 068
8,055
40,124
40,061
5,226
19,862
11,468
88,286
18,181
54,598
9,994
6,321
4,785
67,117
12,642
1,288
5,204
9,931
1,759
32, 313
6,938
46,855
6,340
298, 555
5,838,849
1,164,499
1,066,236
164,273
355.872
08,458
608,015
1,775, 724
71, 230
64,333
9,768,950
8,981,885
807,065
3, 662,265
345, 505
405,975
44,510
37,397
8,835
1, 517
24, 463
32,972
5,514
525,320
83,485
263,979
37.063
201,677
44, 351
523.063
100,409
121,883
49,440
18,084
10,349
4a 423
41,247
6,909
20,528
11,943
39,291
16,611
50,481
10,722
5,930
4,526
65,400
15,069
2,028
5,623
11,083
1,970
40,651
6 480
35,824
8,773
319, 247
5,299,820
1,200,408
988,989
182,605
346,623
72,549
639,684
1,723,434
84,324
64,049
1Preliminary
1 See note 4, table 681,
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Bur. of Agricultural Economics; annual roports, Agricultural Statistics,
and Gross Farm Income and Government Payments,

6 7 0 FARM PRODUCTION AND RELATED STATISTICS
N o . 6 3 3 .— F a r m I n c o m e— E s t im a t e d G r o s s a n d C a s h I n c o m e a n d G o v e r n ­
m e n t P a y m e n t s, b y S t a t e s : 1938 a n d 1939
[In millions and tenths of millions of dollars. See headnote, table 632]
DIVISION AND
STATE
Crops and livestock
combined
GItOSS INCOME 1 CASH INCOME 1
m s > 1939 i Crops
1030 9
Crops and livestock
combined
1938 3 1939^ Crops
1939 )
Livestock
and
products
Livestock
and
products
CASH INCOME
AND BENEFIT
PAYMENTS
1938 3 19301
United States.. 8,880.0 8,961.9 3,662.3 6,299.6 7,689.7 7,732.5 3,238.0 4,494.5 8,071.9 8,539.6
New England____ 274.3 282.1 110.0 172.0 239.9 247.8 91.6 166.7 243.0 252.2
M a in e............... 57.0 61.2 34.2 27.0 47.4 61.8 29.3 22.5 48.9 54.0
Now Hampshire- 26.1 25.6 7.9 17.6 21.0 21.3 5.3 16.1 21.2 21.8
Vermont............. 44.1 46.0 10.9 35.0 37.8 39.4 7.0 32.4 38.3 40.6
Massachusetts__ 79.7 80.5 31.9 48.6 72.5 73.2 28.4 44.8 72.9 73.8
Rhode Island__ 10.4 10.7 3.8 6.9 9.5 9.8 3.4 6.4 0.5 9.9
Connecticut___ 58.0 58.1 21.3 36.8 51.7 51.8 18.3 33.4 52.2 52.2
Middle Atlantio__ 736.0 761.6 262.6 498.9 647.5 663.1 216.3 447.8 654.7 673.6
Now York_____ 332.9 343.0 116.4 227.2 294.9 304.4 97.0 207.4 298.5 307.7
NcwJersey_____ 101.7 104.4 45.1 69.2 95.6 98.5 43.2 55.3 96.4 100.0
Pennsylvania__ 300.4 303.5 91.0 212.5 257.1 260.2 75.1 185.1 259.8 265.9
East North Central. 1,762.8 1,729.8 521.2 1,208.1 1,542.2 1,532.1 464.1 1,077.9 1,589. 5 1,651.0
Ohio................... 359.6 355.8 107.3 248.5 307,4 305.6 91.0 214.7 316.0 325.8
Indiana.............. 300.4 289.0 75.2 213.9 261.3 253.3 64.2 180.2 209.9 274.2
Illinois................ 530.4 530.3 200.1 330.2 483.5 488.1 188.8 209.2 495.0 634.5
Michigan......... 242.0 246.9 92.0 154.9 206.2 212.7 77.fi 135.1 214.0 224.7
Wisconsin........ 320.4 307.1 46.6 260.6 283.8 272.4 32.7 239.7 295.6 291.8
West North Central. 1,048.7 2,027.1 648.2 1,479.0 1,748.0 1,837.9 493.9 1,344.0 1,863.6 2.072.1
Minnesota_____ 361.8 363.1 99.3 263.8 326.1 330.1 88.2 241.9 341.4 356.7
Iowa......... .......... 607.1 626.7 145.2 481.6 561.2 585.8 132.6 453.2 590.9 655.3
Missouri.......... 288.6 293.7 79.1 214.7 240.7 248.6 62.6 186.0 252.9 278.7
North Dakota__ 102.4 115.9 57.3 58.6 88.8 103.0 55.3 48.3 102.0 133.0
South D akota... 102.7 117.3 24.6 92.7 90.3 106.0 22.2 83.8 107.8 129.1
Nebraska........... 226.8 245.7 58.2 187.6 203.2 223.3 53.4 160.9 218.6 251.4
Kansas________ 269.3 264.7 84.5 180.2 232.7 240.5 79.6 160.9 250.0 270.1
South Atlantio____ 1,069.8 1,073.7 658.4 415.2 792.6 808.3 661.8 246.5 868.1 887.1
Delaware—....... 20.2 19.9 7.8 12.1 18.0 17.7 6.8 10.9 18.4 18.7
70.5 76.5 33.0 43.5 65.1 65.7 29.4 36.4 00.5 67.9
172.5 165.5 78.7 80.8 119.6 115.1 58.8 56.3 123.7 121.4
M aryland_____
Virginia............ -
West Virginia... 67.2 67.8 21.2 46.6 39.8 40.7 11.0 29.7 ' 41.2 42.5
North Carolina- 292.3 291.3 207.5 83.8 219.3 220.7 182.2 38.5 235.8 240.5
South Carolina— 121.8 130.1 89.5 40.6 87.4 97.2 77.8 19.5 101.2 115.1
Georgia_______ 201.8 192.6 118.0 73.9 137.7 132.7 97.4 35.3 158.0 158,5
Florida.......... ..... 117.5 130.0 102.1 27.0 105.7 118.5 98.4 20.1 108.3 122.4
East South Central. 744.2 876.4 365.4 311.0 534.3 474.5 280.4 189.1 601.6 662.8
Kentuoky.......... 207.4 187.0 85.0 102.0 153.8 135.8 60.8 69.0 165.6 146.8
Tennessee.......... 178.6 167.6 77.8 80.8 126.0 116,7 58.5 58.2 138.9 182.4
Alabama___:___ 161.6 143.9 80.8 03.1 104.0 87.6 58.0 20.6 123.7 114.9
Mississippi____ 190.6 178.0 121.8 56.2 149.8 134.5 102.2 32.3 173.3 168.8
West South Central. lt 043.8 1,043.1 622.3 520.8 858.2 867.5 473.6 394.0 986.9 1,065.1
Arkansas............ 172.6 169.2 106.6 63.7 132,9 131.7 01.6 40.0 154.1 159.6
Louisiana_____ 13G.4 140.5 90.7 43.8 108.8 113.4 86.4 27.0 126.4 134.6
Oklahoma_____ 195.1 ,197.9 80.0 117.9 159.4 165.6 71.9 93.7 180.4 103.3
Texas........... ...... 539.8 535.5 240.1 295.4 467.2 456.8 223.5 233.3 526.0 507.6
Mountain_____ . . . 505.6 541.8 198.0 343.9 465.7 503.4 188.7 314.7 496.6 551.9
Montana.........— 77.1 93.1 43.3 49.8 68.6 84.9 41.3 43.5 77.1 97.1
Idaho.................. 88.8 92.4 43.5 48.9 81.7 85.8 41.5 44.3 84.9 04.5
Wyoming........... 45.8 52.6 8.5 44.1 42.1 49.4 7.8 41.6 44.9 53.2
Colorado............ 122.7 133.3 44.3 88.9 114.0 125.2 42,6 82.6 122.6 135.3
Now Mexico....... 52.2 53.4 14.6 38.8 47.8 48.9 13.6 35.-8 51.0 54.0
Arizona.............. 58.4 50.9 29,1 27.7 50.5 54.0 28.4 25.6 68.1 59.4
U tah.................. 48.8 47.0 12.7 34.3 44.2 43.0 11.8 31.2 46.2 46.9
Nevada.............. 12.7 13.2 1.8 11.4 11.8 12.3 1.6 10.7 12.0 12.6
Pacifio.................... 805.8 887.0 488.2 360.8 766.4 798.4 473.7 324.7 783.0 833.8
Washington....... 145.4 152.7 85.0 67.1 131.6 139.4 80.2 69.2 133.5 148.7
Oregon...............
California...........
111.3 113.1 49.9 63.2 100.8 102.8 45.8 57.1 103.3 109.7
649.1 671.2 350.7 220.5 534.0 550.1 347.7 208.4 546.3 575.5
i Rental and benefit payments by Agricultural Adjustment Administration are not included.
*Preliminary.
Source: Dopt. of Agriculture, Bur. of Agricultural Economics! annual reports. Agricultural Statistics,
and Gross Farm Income and Government Payments,

FARM INCOME AND EXPENDITURES 671
N o . 6 3 d .— F a r m I n c o m e a n d E x p e n d i t u r e s — E s t im a t e d C a s h I n c o m e,
P r o d u c t io n E x p e n s e s , a n d N e t C a s h : 1924 to 1936
fin millions ot dollars]
YEAR
Cash
income1
Total
operating
expenditures
1
Cash
wages to
hired
labor1
Interest
payable <
Taxes
Total production
payable 1 expenses
Cash
available
after deducting
, production
expenses
1024................................... 9,640 2,554 865 731 541 4,691 4,949
1925................................... 10,086 2,855 890 723 547 5,024 6,062
1026................................... 9,658 2,900 932 . 717 567 5,106 4,552
1927................................... 9,872 2,837 042 708 577 5,064 4,808
1028................................. 9,990 3,109 . 948 702 588 5,347 4,652
1929................................... 10,417 3,289 955 682 601 5,527 4,890
1930-....................-_____ 8,030 2,734 809 654 600 4,797 3,233
1931................................... 5,801 1,047 • 587 626 650 3,710 2,091
1932................................... 4,377 1,452 380 596 470 2,004 1,473
1933................................... 5,409 1,668 352 554 410 2,884 2,525
1934......................... . ........ 0,227 1,774 377 456 ■387 2,994 3,233
1935.............................. — 7,201 2,130 : 402 413 387 3,332 3,869
1936 fl.............................. 8,100 3,625 4,475
• Cash income relates to the value of quantities sold, excluding products used in the farm home. Estimates
for 1933 to 1936 include Government payments by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration.
1 Includes expenditures for feed, seed, fertilizer, containers, spray materials, twine, cost of operating
traotors, trucks, etc., insurance, ginning, miscellaneous current expenditures, and capital expenditures
for machinery, tractors and repairs, and automobiles and truoks. Allowance is made for use of automobiles
for purposes other than production.
• Total cash wages paid.

6 7 2 FARM PRODUCTION AND RELATED STATISTICS
N o. 6 3 6 .— Farm P roduction—Indexes of V olume, by M ajor G roups of
P roducts: 1921 to 1939
N ote.—1824-1029= 100. Indexes are based on estimates of production for sale and for consumption in the
farm homo. Products fed to livestock or used for seed are not included. Calendar-year production of
livestock and livestock produots is compared with crop production of the same year. Commodities
included in the index contributed about 93 percent of the gross farm income during 1924-29
YEAH
Total
Total t
Qralns
CHOPS
Fruits
and
vegetables’
Truok
crops1
Ootton
and
cottonseed
LIVESTOCK AND PRODUCTS
Total1
Moat
animals
Dairy
produots
Poultry
products
1921...................... 83 77 102 75 61 53 87 92 83 85
1922...................... 92 89 100 108 81 65 94 102 87 88
1923...................... 95 90 100 103 79 67 99 107 01 98
1924...................... 97 90 102 90j 91 91 97 102 04 91
1025...................... 97 99 98 90 90 107 90 97 96 04
1920...................... 102 106 98 109 93 120 98 98 99 99
1927...................... 99 90 103 94 105 87 102 101 102 105
1928...................... 104 106 108 117 102 97 103 101 103 100
1929...................... 101 97 93 94 118 99 104 101 106 106
1930...................... 101 90 85 106 113 92 105 101 107 100
1931...................... 107 104 89 115 109 112 109 107 110 109
1932............ ......... 100 90 85 101 113 80 107 106 110 105
1933...................... 97 82 01 99 105 80 100 108 110 106
1934...................... 94 70 44 111 110 64 112 117 110 102
1935...................... 92 85 71 115 117 71 98 80 110 99
1936...................... 95 81 59 100 123 83 100 100, 111 104
1937...................... 109 115 99 133 130 126 104 03 111 100
1938...................... 104 100 106 121 134 80 107 08 116 105
1939 (prol.).......... 107 100 97 128 135 79 113 100 . 117 112
i Tho total for crops includes hay and tobacco and the total for livestock and produots includes wool in
addition to the products included in the groups shown separately.
i "Fruits and vegetables’1inoludes grapes, apples, aprioots, peaches, pears, cranberries, figs, grapefruit,
oranges, lemons, olives, potatoes, sweetpotatoes, dry edible beans. "Truck crops” inoludes asparagus,
snap beans, beets, cabbage, cantaloupes, carrots, cauliflower, celery, cucumbers, eggplant, lettuce, onions,
peas, peppers, spinach, strawberries, tomatoes, watermelons.
N o. 6 3 7 .— P rices R eceived by F armers— I nd ex es, by M ajo r G roups of
P roducts: 1910 to 1940
[August 1909-July 1914=100] i
YEARLY AVERAGE OR
YEAR AND MONTH
All
groups
Grains
TOICES RECEIVED BY f a r m e r s 1
Cotton
and cottonseed
Fruits
Truck
crops
Meat
animals
Dairy
products
Chickens
and eggs
1010-14............ „......... 100 100 97 00 101 101 100
1015-19........................ 161 186 175 130 162 130 153
1920-24........................ 151 138 187 157 >150 123 101 164
1925-29........................ 147 133 145 154 145 147 155 156
1930-34........................ 88 72 75 103 113 83 101 95
1031............................. 87 63 63 98 117 92 108 100
1932............................. 65 44 47 82 102 63 83 82
1933............................. 70 62 64 74 105 60 82 75
1034............................. 90 93 99 100 103 68 05 80
1035............................. 108 103 101 91 125 118 108 117
1936............................. 114 108 100 100 111 121 119 115
1037— ........................ 121 126 65 122 123 132 124 111
1938............................. 05 74 70 73 101 114 109 108
1030............................. 93 72 73 77 105 110 104 94
1938
March........................ DO 85 70 69 101 117 117 93
Juno............................ 02 77 08 73 92 116 98 99
Septem ber.............. 95 63 69 75 107 112. ' 118
December.................. 96 63 70 73 108 109 112 127
1939
M arch -,................... 01 66 71 81 110 110 100 88
June........................... 89 73 73 03 105 107 94 83
September................. 98 83 70 73 117 117 107 102
December.................. 06 87 82 65 96 101 118 97
1940
March........................
June..........................
97
95
92
83
85
81
73
104
128
134
• 102
102
114
104
83
81
i Prices aro (or 16th of month indicated. Indexes cover 34 major crops and, beginning 1924, also 13 commercial
truck crops.
r 1924 only.
Source of tables 630 and 037: Dept, of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Economics and Agricultural
Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics. Price indexes are published currently in Crops
and Markets.

FARM PRIORS' AND AGRICULTURAL, EXPORTS1 673
N o . 6 3 8 .-— P r i c e s R e c e i v e d a n d P a i d b y F a r m e r s , a n d W h o l e s a l e P r i c e s —
I n d e x e s , A n n u a l l y , 1910 t o 1939, a n d Q u a r t e r l y , 1938 t o 1940
[Prices received for farm produots, August 1909-July 1914=100; other columns, 1910-14=100]
YEARLY Prices received
AVERAGE
OR YEAR for farm
AND MONTH products i
RETAIL PRICES PAID BY
FARMERS FOR COM­
MODITIES BOUGHT1
Total
Living
Ratio (%)
of prices
received
to prices
paid
Farm
wage
rates
All
commodities
WHOLESALE PRICES 3
Farm
products
Foods
All
commodities
other
than
farm
produots
and
foods
1910-14_____ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
1915-19........... 161 151 153 149 105 148 158 166 153 155
1920-24_____ 151 161 172 148 93 178 160 149 155 170
1926-29_____ 147 155 161 147 95 179 143 146 154 143
1930-34........... 88 122 123 120 71 115 107 89 111 113
1931................ 87 124 120 122 70 130 107 91 136 111
1032................ 65 107 108 107 61 90 95 68 95 104
1633.............- 70 100 109 108 64 85 06 72 94 105
1934................ 90 123 122 126 73 05 309 92 109 116
1035................ 108 125 124 120 86 103 117 111 130 115
1936................ 114 124 122 120 92 111 118 113 127 118
1037................ 121 130 128 135 93 126 126 121 133 126
1038................ os 122 122 124 78j 124 115 96 114 121
1939......... — . 93 121 120 122 77 124 113 02 109 120
1038
March........... 96 125 123 12$ 77 3.121 116 99 114 122
Juno.............. 02 124 122 126 74 129 114 96 113 120
September... 95 121 121 122 70 126 114 96 116 120
December...... 06 120 120 122 80 117 112 95 113 119
1039
March........... 91 120 119 122 70 * 121 112 92 109 119
Juno............... 89 120 119 121 74 >126 110 88 105 119
September.-. 98 122 122 123 80 126 115 06 110 122
December__ 96 122 121 124 79 a 119 116 05 111 124
1940
March........... 97 123 121 125 79 >124 114 95 109 122
June......... 95 123 121 125 77 a 129 113 93 109 123
■Prices are lor lStli of month indicated.
>Monthly averages. Bureau of Labor Statistics index on a 1926 base converted to a 1910-14 base.
>Wages for the month following the one stated in stub.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Economics and Agricultural Marketing Service,
except as noted; annual.report, Agricultural Statistics.
and for farm wages quarterly in Crops and Markets.
Indoxes for farm prices are published currently
N o. 6 3 9 . — A g r ic u l t u r a l P r o d u c t s E x p o r t e d — V a l u e o p C h i e f P r o d u c t s:
1910 t o 1939
Note.—In millions and tenths of millions of dollars. D ata for 1010 to 1914 cover fiscal years ended
June 30; other data, calendar years. Reexports of foreign products are excluded.
PRODUCTS
Production
1910-
1914,
average
1921-
1925,
average
1926-
1930,
average
1931-
1935,
average
1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Grand total___ . . . ___ _ 1,035.7 2,013.2 1,691.6 781.7 747.1 709.5 797.5 827.5 655.1
Live animals_____________ 13.0 10.0 5.8 1.5 2.0 1.7 1.9 1.0 1.7
Meats___________________ 62.7 133.2 71.4 23.7 22.6 20.1 19.0 23.6 26.8
Eggs and dairy products___
Animal fats and oils a______
Hides and shins_________— 3.2 7.6 9.0 3.2 4.2 3.7 6.2 4.8 4.2
Bread grains1...... .................. 107.6 363.9 248.5 40.4 16.2 20.6 69.2 106.1 63.1
Coarse g ra in s.................. 36.8 97.0 £9.0 9.3 7.6 8.0 18.2 109.4 27.0
Rice________ ____________ .6 11.9 10.8 4.7 6.0 .7 6.4 8.4 9.2
Fodders and feeds_________ 28.1 26.7 27.2 0.3 6.1 6.9 12.6 12.0 10.1
Vegetables*;^-------- . . . ------ 5.8 10.4 18.7 8.0 0.2 10.3 11.9 11.4 16.1
6.3 38.8 23.6 0.9 6.1 4.7 5.8 0.7 7.8
83.8 144.1 116.1 37.0 16.1 16.3 17.9 19.6 23.0
Fruits and preparations____ 29.4 81.5 120.8 83.2 91.6 78.5 80.0 96.1 80.9
Vegetable oils, expressed, oilseeds,
and nuts >................. 21.2 18.8 12.1 6.5 6.6 7.5 7.7 7.9 20.2
Coffee and substitutes........... 7.3 0.6 4.9 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.8
Sugar and related products.. 9.5 48.1 13.9 4.8 6.7 4.7 6.2 6,1 10.6
Seeds, except oilseeds______ 2.6 3.8 3.5 1.9 1.6 1.7 2.8 2.0 2.4
Tobacco_________________ 44.8 164.6 144.5 103.7 134.0 137.3 134.6 155.7 77.4
Cotton________ _________ 551.9 806.0 765.7 366.6 390.9 301.0 368.7 228.6 243,0
Wool and hair......... ........... . . 1.3 1.0 2.3 1.6 2.1 1.6 2.9 2.5 1.6
Another_______________ _ 10.9 33.6 33.9 17.0 19.0 21.8 24.4 25.1 28,1
i Beginning 1921, lard compounds excluded from animal fats and oils and included in vegetable oils.
• Includes wheat and rye; also flour and flour products.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bur, of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; annual report, Foreign Commerce
and Navigation of tho United States, Also published currently in Monthly Summary of Foreign
Commerce of the United States,

6 7 4 FARM PRODUCTION AND RELATED STATISTICS
N o. 6 4 0 .— A g r ic u l t u r a l P r o d u c t s E x p o r t e d — V a l u e , b y M a j o r G r o u p s :
1910 to 1939
____ N ote.—In millions and tenths of millions of dollars. Excludes rcoxports of foreign products
YEARLY AVERAGE OR YEAR
(CALENDAR)
Total
agricultural
exports
Animals
and
prodacts,
edible 1
Dairy
products
and
eggs
drains
and
preparations
Vegetables,
fruits,
and
nuts
Miscellaneous
animal
and
vegetable
produots *
Cotton
Tobacco
1910-1914 (fiscal)...................... 1,036.7 151.8 6.3 147.3 35.0 98.7 651.9 44.8
1921-1926....... ......................... 2,013.2 283.2 38.8 474.3 102.0 145.3 805.0 104.0
1026-1930.................................. 1,691.0 189.8 23.0 318.6 144.3 105.1 705.7 144.5
1931-1935........................... 731.7 63.9 6.9 54.6 94.4 41.6 36 6 .5 103.7
1928................................... — . 1,863.1 182.3 24.7 315.7 152.0 113.9 920.0 164.5
1920.......................................... 1,092.9 198.2 22.1 286.4 162.8 106.6 770.8 146.1
1930........................-................ 1,200.7 149.9 19.5 191.3 130.4 07.1 498.8 145.6
1931.......................................... 821.3 93.2 12.8 106.0 122.0 50.7 325.7 110.8
1932.......................................... 002.3 55.2 6.8, 66.9 84.9 37.6 345.2 65.9
,933...................................................... 694.4 63,6 4 .4 31.6 77.1 3 0.0 398.2 82.6
,934..................................................... 733.4 64.7 5 .7 3 6.4 8 3 .4 4 2 .4 372.8 126.1
i935....................................................... 747.1 42.8 5 .1 28.9 104.4 4 1.0 300.9 134.0
1036....................................................... 709.6 41.2 4 .7 29.6 9 2.8 4 2.9 361.0 137.3
,937______________________ _ 797.6 4 2.9 6.8 94.1' 9 6.1 66.3 308,7 134.5
i 9 3 8 .„ _ .............................................. 827.5 48.8 6 .7 223.5 112.4 51.9 228.6 155.7
1939...................................................... 655.1 54.2 7 .8 09.0 100.5 7 2.7 243.0 77.4
1Beginning 1921, lard compounds excluded from animals and products and included in miscellaneous;
N o. 6 4 1 .— A g r ic u l t u r a l P r o d u c t s I m p o r t e d 1— V a l u e , b y M a j o r G r o u p s :
1926 t o 1939
[In thousands of dollars]
GROUP
Agricultural imports^ total.................
Commodities listed below, total.........
Animals and produots, edible.....................
Dairy produots and eggs............. -..............
Hides and skins, except reptile...................
Animal fats, inedible...................................
Grains and preparations............- ................
Fodders and feeds............................. ,.........
Vegetables, fruits, nuts................................
Vegetable oils (expressed) and oilseeds.......
Cocoa, coffee, tea, spices..............................
Sugar and related products.........................
Beverages, excluding spirits______ _____
Crude rubber____ ______________ ____
Tobacco, unmanufactured........................
Cotton, unmanufactured.............................
Wool and mohair, unmanufactured.........
Raw silk.......................................................
Vegetable libers, except cotton and silk__
1920-30,
average
1931-35,
average
2,010,816 822,326
50,128 16.054
38,239 14,235
11Q, Q46 88,589
2,124 3,522
24,487 28,214
14,790 6,690
125,645 66,321
147,039 71,655
373,372 188,350
222,248 121,970
837 6,000
294,428 74,573
57,018 27,118
42,663 7,352
78,700 18,731
368,232 116.054
52,823 17,837
1030 1937 1938 1939
1,243, 009 1, 679, 324
1,187,730 1, 611,970
40.004 02, 318
18,120 18,200
54,289 70,400
4,102 008
84,424 102,392
12,200 10,090
78.005 92,487
122,324 175,342
197,801 230,350
172,014 184,722
13,447 12,832
158,732 247,621
29,880 31,023
11,997 16,602
53,204 00,345
102,351 100,594
33,326 41,123
965, 520 1,117,798
906,100 1,069,879
41,110 49,380
12, 501 13,640
20,308 46,631
227 347
7,076 12,502
3, SOB 11,334
71,248 76,313
03.228 84,159
187,030 203, m
141,248 134,644
10,400 10,908
129,642 178,054
30,028 36,018
0,015 8,202
22,005 49.037
88,821 120,852
20.229 23.037
1General imports through 1982, imports for consumption thereafter. Distilled liquors and candy excluded
in all years shown.
1 Value oi total agricultural products not available on calendar-year basis prior to 1934.
N o. 6 4 2 .— A g r ic u l t u r a l P r o d u c t s E x p o r t e d — I n d e x e s o f Q u a n t it y : 1910
t o 1940
N ote—Compiled from official records of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce______
YEAR ENDED
JUNE 30—
All commodities
All commodities
except
cotton
Cotton,
indud-
■ in g
lin te rs
Tobacco,
Wheat,
unmanufactured
< Fruits includin
g
Grains
and
g ra in
products
Cured
pork 1
Lard8
flour
1010-1914......... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
1028................. 112 138 92 125 258 191 188 73 161
1929................. 117 141 99 144 372 152 174 78 105
1930.................. 97 117 82 153 216 143 130 75 166
1931......... 90 101 81 150 337 122 104 44 124
1932................. 98 91 103 110 305 126 104 27 115
1933 85 64 100 102 255 39 42 26 118
1034 83 65 97 120 248 36 34 28 115
1935................ 64 46 60 95 107 21 21 22 48
1036 62 43 76 n o 276 16 19 15 19
1937......... ........ 50 39 00 106 102 21 20 13 21
1938................. 70 90 71 117 283 90 142 10 40
1939................. 63 89 44 m 316 197 125 21 51
1940 (prel.)___ 72 03 78 87 170 51 64 17 54
i Includes stems, trimmings, etc.
3 Includes bacon, bams, shoulders, and sides.
8 Includos neutral lard beginning Jan. 1,1938.
Sources: Tables 640 and 641: Dopt. of Commerce, Bur. of Foreign and Domestic Commerce! annual
report, Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the United States. Also published currently in Monthly
Summary of Foreign Commerce of the United States, Table 042: Dopt. of Agriculture, Office of Foreign
Agricultural Relations, except os noted; annual report, Agricultural Statistics. Also published currently in
Foreign Crops &nd Markots.

AGKIOULTURAL EXPORTS AND IMPORTS 675
N o . 6 4 3 . — A g r i c u l t u r a l a n d F o r e s t P r o d u c t s .— E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s :
1857 t o 1 940
Note.—All figures, except percentages, in thousands of dollars. Crude rubber and similar gums (now
mostly plantation products) are included in agricultural products and excluded from forest products
AGRICULTURAL EXPOUTS *
(EXCL. FOREST PRODUCTS)
AGRICULTURAL IM­
PORTS 1 2 (EXCL.
FOREST PRODUCTS)
FOREST PRODUCTS
YEARLY AVERAGE
OR YEAR ENDED
JUNE 30—
United States
products
Total
Percent
of all
exports3
Foreign
products
(reexports)
Total
Percent
of all
Imports
United
S t a te s
products
Exports
Foreign
products
(reexports)
Imports
1857-1861.............. 213,794 80.4 10,175 117, GOO 37.1 9,095 704 5,905
1862-1866............ 146,867 74.7 9,158 122,350 43.0 7,308 714 7,194
1867-1871.............. 240,666 70.6 8,631 181,057 42.5 11,775 443 11,825
1872-1876.............. 395,964 78.3 9,014 200,082 47.0 17,007 635 14,403
1877-1881.............. 589,175 80.1 8,039 271,910 61. 4 17, 579 430 14,610
1882-1880...........- 554,031 75.9 9,724 322,486 48.4 24,705 955 21,864
1887-1891............ 571,948 74.6 7,222 378,393 49.8 20,001 1,152 24,630
1892-1896........... - 636,816 72.7 0,353 413,208 53.5 29,270 734 27,448
1897-1901.............. 825,762 66.8 12,929 400,955 53.4 45,961 1,236 25,172
1902-1006.............. 877,708 69.4 14,488 523,211 49.7 63,586 1,219 49,960
1007-1911.............. 973,669 63.8 16,767 701,134 49.9 88,764 1,803 65,822
1912-1010.............. 1,254,206 45.1 27,996 1,028,822 66.4 92,129 1,768 81,407
1917-1921.............. 2,855,082 42.6 82,666 2,162,428 61.5 120,200 3,596 108,982
1922-1920.............. 1,950,200 45.9 58,027 1,981,744 54.3 141,078 1,715 214,824
1927-1031...........- 1,626,818 35.9 57,773 1,042,881 61.2 150,820 1,458 205,676
1932-1936.............. 712; 828 36.4 20,284 872,309 50,9 70,253 400 104,424
1918...................... 2,279,367 39.0 44,008 1,822,105 81.9 87,181 1,409 128,490
1019....................... 3,578,669 60.5 105,148 1, 920,977 62.3 113,275 3,758 132,588
1020....................... 3.849,663 48.4 128,030 3,409,635 65.1 190,049 5,380 220,091
1921....................... 2,606,436 40.8 00,730 2,058,558 56,3 141,876 4,043 225,162
1022— . ................ 1,915,180 61.8 43,586 1,370,190 52.5 94,115 2,315 156,843
1923....................... 1,708,062 40.3 48,388 2,077,037 64.9 129,981 1,965 234,698
1024....................... 1,806,617 44,2 02,288 1, 875,133 52.8 102,374 1,563 216,712
1926....................... 2, 230,160 47.7 03,874 2,056,887 63.8 166,187 1,290 227,423
1926................. 1,801,678 40.7 74,907 2, 529,473 50.7 162,731 1,450 238, 545
1027....................... 1,007,780 30.2 72,094 2, 281,095 53.6 171,070 1, 305 238,247
1928....................... 1,816,381 38.0 73,391 2,193, 54S 52.9 174,509 1, 528 215,874
1020....................... 1,847, 087 35.0 03, 920 2,177, 848 60.7 178,092 2 ,1 5 7 222,249
1930...................... 1,493,823 32.4 60,070 1,800,521 40,4 161,743 1,382 209,418
1931..................... 1,038,018 34.2 28,791 1,101,592 47.8 07,005 858 142,500
1932.................... 762,132 39.4 22,092 838,890 48.2 02,370 409 104,643
1933....................... 586,650 41.8 14,783 618,737 52,6 40,034 297 05,543
1034......................... 787,343 39.2 21,228 838, 952 60,1 72, 913 401 100,240
1935....................... 008,713 32.1 20,202 033,774 52.2 82,780 307 106,449
1930....................... 760,303 32.3 22,474 1,141,191 51.7 80,001 528 136.437
1937....................... 732,474 2 0 .2 25,411 1,530,095 53, 1 101, 232 570 160,976
1038....................... 800,771 26.5 25,023 1,166,130 49.0 95,047 777 145,404
1939....................... 082,902 23.7 10, 402 908, 046 48.0 60,889 453 185,462
1040 (prel.)_____ 739,671 39.7 43,070 1, 239,389 50.0 83,847 1,000 152,702
1Figures revised to exclude distilled liquor.
1 Imports for consumption beginning with 1034; general imports prior thereto.
1 Eased on total exports of United States merchandise.
Source: Department of Agrioulturo, Office of Foreign Agricultural Relations; annual report, Agricultural
Statistics. Based on data compiled b y Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic
Commerce, and predecessor organisations.

27. FARM ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS
[Data in this section relate to continental United States]
N o . 644:,— D o m e s tic A n im a ls o n F a r m s — N u m b e r a n d V a l u e : 1880 t o 1940
N o t e .—Animals of all ages are included except in figures for cattle and sheep, 1880 and 1890, which are
nominally exclusive of calves and lambs, respectively. The difference in date of enumeration afleots the
comparability of the census figures for all classes and especially for swine
YEAR AND DATE
Horses
Mules
All
cattle
NUMBER (TIIOUSANDB)
Dairy
cows i
Other
cattle
Sheep
(stock)
Swine
Value of
all animals
(thousands
of dollars)1
Census returns—
1880 (June I)... 10,357 1,813 30,070 12,443 27,232 42,192 49, 773 (>)
1800 (June 1).-- 16,206 2.252 67,649 10, 612 41,137 40,870 57, 427 (•)
1900 (June 18,267 3,265 67,710 17,130 50. 584 61, 504 02,808 2,070,121
1010 (Apr. 15). _ 19.833 4,210 01,804 20, 625 41,178 52,448 58,180 4,740,084
1920 (Jan. 1).... 19,767 5,432 60,640 19, 675 40,964 35,034 59, 346 7,69(1,877
1925 (Jon. 1)__ 16.401 5,681 60,760 17,645 43,115 35, 590 50, 854 4,439,000
1030 (Apr. 1)___ 13,511 8,375 63,806 20,400 43,397 66,076 50,288 5,707,594
1935 (Jan. 1).... 11,85S 4,818 68,284 A A 48,358 37,213 3,209,222
Estimates Jan. 1 *
1910................... 21,334 5,200 67,438 20,752 46,686 36.260 00,500 6,150,176
1917.......... . 21.306 5,353 70,979 21,212 49,767 35,240 57,678 0,826,660
1918................... 21,238 5,485 73,040 21,636 51,504 36,704 62,931 8,239,464
1019................... 20,922 5,568 72,094 21,645 50,649 38,360 64,326 8,010,707
1920................... 20,001 5,051 70,400 21,456 48,945 37,328 60,159 8,080,307
1921................... 10,369 5,708 68,714 21,450 47,258 35,426 58,942 6,026,250
1022___ _____ 18,704 5,824 68,795 21,851 . 46,944 33,366 60,840 4,734,447
1923................... 18,125 6,803 07,546 22,138 45,408 32,597 69,304 5,024,030
1024................... 17,378 6,907 65,096 22,331 43,665 32,859 60,670 4,700,190
1925_________ 16.051 6,918 03,373 22,576 40,798 34,409 55,770 4,630,131
1920................... 10,083 5,903 60,576 22,410 38,166 35,710 52,105 4,952,464
3027................... 15,388 5,804 68,178 22,251 35,027 38,067 55,400 6,065,646
1928................... 14,792 fi, 656 67, 322 22, 231 35,091 40,080 01,873 5,577,064
1020................. 14,234 6, 610 68,877 22,440 30,437 43,481 60,042 8,118,084
1930................... 13,742 5,382 61,003 23,032 37,071 46,677 55,705 6,011,210
1031................... 13,195 6,273 63,030 23,820 30,210 47,720 54,835 4,602,727
1032................... 12,664 6,148 65,770 24,806 40,874 47,754 69,301 3,253,603
1033................... 12,291 5,040 70,214 25,936 4 4 ,2 7 8 47,324 62,127 2,765,606
1934................... 12,052 4,945 74,262 26,931 47,331 48.454 68,621 2,956.095
1935................... 11,861 4,822 08,529 26,009 42,400 40,034 39,004 3,226,001
1936................... 11,635 4,084 07,929 25,430 12,490 46,391 42,837 4,845.257
1937................... 11,445 4,568 66,803 24,993 41,810 40,952 42,770 4,705,758
1938............... ... 11,128 4,428 66,083 24,834 41,249 46.685 44,218 4,757,291
1939.................. 10,815 4,384 66,780 25,088 41, 701 47, 960 40,293 4,824,034
1040 (prol.)....... 10,610 4.321 68,700 25,334 43,435 48,473 ■ 58.312 4,808,207
i Includes only value of animals specified in the preceding columns,
i Census returns prior to 1900 represented “milch" cows; in 1900, cows kept for milk 2 years old and
over; in 1010, cows and heifers kept for milk born before Jan. 1, 1009 (estimated number 2 years old
and over Jan. 1, 17,125,000); in 1920 and 1026, dairy cows and heifers 2 years old and over; in 1930, cows
and heifers, born before 1928, kept mainly for milk production. Census data are not available for 1935.
Estimates as of Jan. 1 represent cows and heifers 2 years old and over kept for milk.
8 No data. * Beo source note.
Source; Dopt. of Commerce, Bur. of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1035, Vol. XII. Estimates Jan. 1,
Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; published in annual report, Agricultural Statistics,
ana annual U. S. Livestock Reports.
No. 6 4 5 .— D o m e s t ic A n im a l s a nd C h ic k e n s o n F a b m s— N u m b e r a n d V a l u e ,
b t K in d , a n d F a r m s R e p o r t in g : 1925, 1930, a n d 1935
Note.—Data for 1026 and 1936 are as of Jail. 1 and for 1930, as ol Apr. 1. Owing to tlie difference in the
date of enumeration, the figures for 1930 are not closely comparable with those for other years. The
total value of all liyestook for which data were collected at saoh census is shown in table 603, p, 034.
Available data for number and value ot certain classes not shown in the table below are as fellows: Asses
and burros, 1930, number, 48,000, value, $1,881,000; turkeys over 3 mouths old, 1936, number, 5,382,000,
value, $11,008,000; hives of bees (on farms and elsewhere), 1930, number, 3,108,000, value, $13,632,000
Horses Mules All cattle
All cows
2 years
old and
over
Sheep Goats Swine Chickens
Number (thousands):
1925.............................. 16,401 5,081 60,760 32,554 35.590 3,370 60,864 400,291
1930............................ 13,611 5,375 63,896 i 28,336 56,976 4,821 66,288
1935................ ............. 11,868 4,818 68,284 36,031 48,358 4,003 37,213 >378,878
>371,603
Inorease (thousands):»
1925-30......................... -2,800 -806 3,135 -4 , 218 21,385 1,451 6,434 -30,413
1030-35......................... -1,653 - 6 5 7 4,389 8,60S -8,618 -728 -19,075 -7,275
Percent increase:3
1925-80____________ -17.6 -6 .4 5.2 -13.0 60.1 43.1 10.7 -7.4
1030-36____________ -12.2 -10.4 6.0 30.3 -16.1 -15.1 -33.9 -1.9
for footnotes, see next page.
676

DOMESTIC! ANIM ALS 677
N o . 6dl5.— D o m e s t ic A n im a l s a n d C h ic k e n s o n F a r m s— N u m b e r a n d V a l u e ,
b y K in d , a n d F a r m s R e p o r t i n g : 1025, 1030, a n d 1935— Continued
Horses Mules All cattle
All cows
2 years old
and over
Sheep Goats Swine Chickens
Number of farms reporting:
1925............................... 321,625
1935............................... 913,437 478, 651 1, 387,896 903, 526 208, 871 6,116 220,367 * 191,504
Averapse value per head:
1026............................... $61.07 *79.13 $33. 24 $42.18 $9.06 $3.04 $12.00 $0.93
3930............................... 67.05 82.37 51. 71 72. 38 7.26 4.01 11.30 >.85
1935............................... 77.08 09. 34 20, 33 26.00 4.32 1.49 5.02 >.52
1Cows and heifers born before 1928.
3-Chickens over 3 months old Apr. 1, 1930, and Jan. 1, 1935.
*A minus sign (—) denotes decrease.

6 7 8 HARM A N IM A LS AND A N IM A L PRODUCTS
N o . 6 4 7 .— -D o m e s t ic A n i m a l s o n F a r m s —
N ote.—Owing to the difference in the date of the census enumerations
[All figures i
| Line num ber ||
DIVISION AND
STATE
1930
(Apr,
1985
( J o n .
1)
HOUSES MULES ALL CATTLE
1939
(Jan,
I ) 1
1940
(.Tan.
1 )1
(Prel.)
1030
(Apr.
1939
(Jan.
1)
1939
(Jan.
D 1
1940
(Jan.
1) 1
(PreL)
1930
(Apr.
1)
1935
(Jan.
l)
1930
(Jan.
1) 1
1940
(Jan.
1 )1
(Prel.l
I United States-,. 13, 611 11, 868 10,815 10, 616 5,375 4,818 4,384 4,321 63, 896 63,284 ee, 789 08, m
2 New England.......... 182 170 163 148 2 1 (s) (*) 1, 271 1,175 1,312 1,021
3 M aine.................... 61 52 46 44 1 f‘l (») («) 257 245 236 238
4 Now Hampshire. 20 18 15 15 w W ( ‘) (5) 136 130 125 120
5 V erm ont............... 62 46 44 43 1 (*) (*) (8) 472 410 448 452
6 M assachusetts... 25 27 24 23

FARM ANIM ALS 679
N tjm b e b , b t K in d , b y S t a t e s : 1930 t o 1940
census figures for 1930 are not very closely comparable with data for other years
in thousands]
COWS AND
H E IFE R S 2
YEARS OLD
AND OVER
COWS AND IIE IFERS 2 YEARS
OLD AND OVER K EPT FOR
MILK
S IIE E P AND LAM BS
SWINE
1930 1935 1930 1935 1939
1940
1039 1035 1930
1940
1930 1935 1030
(Apr. (Jan. (Jan. (,j
(Jan. (Jail.
an.
(Apr. (Jan. (Jan.
(J uli.
(Apr. (Jan. (Jan.
1) i i) i)> i ) 1 i) * (Prel.) 1) i) i) ■ (Prel.) 1) i) i) ■
§
1040 la p
o
1) 4
(Prel.) M A
28, 338 30, 931 23, 032 26, 069 25, 088 26,334 56, 975 48, 358 3 47,960 3 48,473 56,288 37, 213 49,293 58,312 1
692 820 752 809 821 825 201 118 95 90 228 203 233 234 2
130 158 138 152 144 144 100 59 46 43 40 44 50 52 3
70 87 78 86 70 79 21 13 10 10 16 14 17 16 4
256 292 277 290 305 308 51 29 23 20 29 23 29 29 5
121 138 133 137 140 140 13 8 8 8 105 90 100 .100 6
19 22 21 22 24 24 3 2 2 2 5 6 7 7 7
95 123 105 122 129 130 13 6 0 . 7 27 25 30 30 8
2 ,069 2, 379 2, 283 2, 364 2,462 2, 499 1,220 855 761 742 1, 007 885 1,005 1,108 9
1,180 1,326 1,330 1,321 1,423 1,437 618 386 338 332 221 190 251 259 10
107 133 118 138 143 148 12 7 6 6 129 161. 83 • 91 11
777 020 835 905 896 914 590 462 417 404 657 544 671 758 12
5,169 6, 558 6,469 6,151 6, 045 8,117 6, 599 5, 642 4, 955 5, 022 12, 985 9,296 12, 758 15, 582 13
858 1,127 926 1, 065 1, 043 1, 043 2, 530 2, 390 2,100 2, 209 2, 778 2, 050 2,763 3,316 14
087 on 702 814 766 774 1,118 853 700 714 3, 342 2, 64(1 3,405 4,189 15
1,048 1,429 1, 026 1,231 1,134 1,145 944 851 668 668 4, 657 3,218 4,423 5,485 16
738 935 800 905 923 932 1,416 1,100 1, 033 1,043 592 489 713 891 17
1,838 2,157 2,015 2,136 2,179 2,223 585 443 388 388 1, 616 90S 1,454 1, 701 18
7,891 9, 957 6, 502 7,214 6, 659 6,661 7,312 7, 550 8, 304 6, 724 27, 850 18, 503 18,452 22, 443 19
1,501 1,869 1, 595 1,776 1, 088 1,688 927 1, 063 1, 000 950 3, 316 1, 015 2,811 3, 429 20
1,501 2, 031 1, 400 1,58C 1,472 1,487 1, 558 1, 783 1, 240 1,314 10, 056 5,804 8,179 9, 651 21
1,172 1, 420 930 1,017 945 954 1,76C 1,242 1, 387 1, 500 3, 861 2,296 3,120 3, 082 22
579 709 540 596 528 549 857 740 767 821 028 218 342 472 23
765 848 577 574 513 518 1,15C 1, 320 1, 220 1, 302 2, a 37 544 917 1, 192 24
1,157 1, 521 680 750 648 667 496 689 290 307 4, 679 1,905 1,008 2,498 25
1,150 1, 560 780 921 766 788 574 714 400 440 2, 473 1,119 1,085 1, 519 26
1, 708 2, 563 1, 678 2,008 1, 965 1,986 2,187 1, 308 1,142 1,126 4,393 4,095 5,001 5,272 27
31 36 33 35 36 36 5 3 3 4 30 2C 33 37 28
169 198 180 192 198 202 194 94 77 77 205 159 210 231 29
(4) 1 (4)

6 8 0 FARM ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS
No. 64=8.-— C h i c k e n s o n F a r m s , 1930 a n d 1935, a n d E g g s P r o d u c e d a n d
C h ic k e n s R a is e d , 1929 a n d 1934, b y S t a t e s
N o t e .—For additional figures for the United States as a whole see tables 045 and 068
CHICKEN'S OVER 3 MONTHS OLD CHICKEN BOGS PRODUCED CHICKENS RAISED
DIVISION AND
STATE
Farms reporting
(thousands) i
mao
“ r
1935
(Jan.
1)
Number on
hand
(thousands)
1030
(Apr.
1)
1935
(Jan.
1)
Farms
reporting
(thousands)
19341
Number (thousands
of dozens)
Farms reporting
(thousands)1
Number
(thousands)
1029 1034 1929 1934 1929 1934
United States. 5,372.6 5,833.1 378,878 371,908 6, 579.2 2,680,719 2,160,906 5,293.2 5,212.8 678,002 608,867
New England___ 90.9 102.1 6.882 3,234 96.0 63.103 72,206 88.8 83.8 16, 502 18,721
Maine.............. 27.3 27.6 1,451 1,610 25.7 13,737 12,844 26.7 22.8 3,238 3.083
New Ham p-
shire.............. 10.5 11.7 014 1,204 10.8 8,637 10,604 10.3 9.5 2,679 3,158
Vermont......... 18.7 18.3 749 743 16.8 6,680 6,923 18.3 14.9 1,378 1,225
Massachusetts. 18.1 21.8 1,92G 2,518 20.3 18,102 24,080 17.7 18.2 5,088 6,038
Rhode Island.. 2.0 3.0 305 304 2.8 2,469 2,458 2.5 2.4 608 655
Connecticut... 13.8 .19.8 1,537 1,947 18.6 13,578 16,208 13.3 16.6 3,511 4,661
Kiddle Atlantic.. 310.6 326.3 81,497 33,989 310.4 253, 507 246,829 S08.8 287.5 63.153 48.632
New York....... 133.1 136.4 11,064 12,048 J28.7 97,927 97,167 132.8 104.7 10,518 17,222
New Jersey___ 20.6 22.5 4,097 4,820 21.2 35,956 36,445 20.1 18.7 7,996 7,812
Pennsylvania.. 150.9 167.4 15,446 16,620 160.5 119,624 112,217 155.9 144.1 25,640 23,698
East North Central 881.2 058.7 77,684 80,188 915.2 543,261 483.478 870.2 846.1 137,863 124.480
Ohio................. 200.1 224.7 18,000 19,619 211.7 135,990 120,970 197.3 194.1 32,574 29,473
Indiana......... 1C7.0 181.5 14,083 14,417 171.9 103,540 80,685 165.0 105.9 20,048 20,721
Illinois_______ 202.3 21.5.4 22,082 20,768 207.1 136,830 109,541 200.4 201.0 38,125 33,401
Michigan........- 140.3 163.4 10,380 11,114 155.3 77,401 79,081 142.9 136.0 18,146 15,042
Wisconsin........ 165.0 173.8 13,139 14,269 160.1 89,500 93,100 164.5 148.2 19,960 18,942
WestNorthCentral 1,025.5 1.051.6 118,261 98,771 1,020.7 778.028 677,721 1,010.1 976.0 108.438 168,824
Minnesota....... 167.5 173.9 10,611 15,664 108.8 107,304 102,570 164.9 156.9 26,979 24,578
Iowa..... ........... 205.5 206.7 30,666 27,362 201.6 188,336 147,422 202.4 195.1 48,216 42,393
Missouri.......... 236.1 251.0 25,197 20,157 239.9 180.350 118,284 233.4 232.7 40,783 33,294
North Dakota. 69.4 70.3 4,795 3,469 68.8 27,880 19.795 08.2 64.2 3,177 5,603
South Dakota. 74.8 72.3 8.540 5,524 71.3 53.052 29,837 73.8 65.2 14.659 9,087
Nebraska____ 120.5 121.6 13,318 11,454 119.2 85,555 68,423 118.2 116.7 25,974 24,746
Kansas............. 151.8 155,7 19,128 15,141 151.1 135,542 91,385 140.2 144.1 33,650 29,034
South. Atlantic!__ 908.2 1,003.4 33.422 38,760 960.2 222,467 173,177 888.8 926.1 70,948 73.480
Delaware......... 8.9 9.0 1,551 1,073 8.5 11, 201 6,531 8.7 8.1 3,414 6,174
M aryland........ 39.6 39.4 3,777 3,589 37.6 27,709 21,065 39.0 30.1 7,422 7,031
Dist, of Col__ ,1 ) 12 14 (>) 102 107 .] w 21 10
Virginia........... 155.3 175.0 7,043 8,542 109.4 55,349 43,067 161.6 165.4 16,728 16,517
West Virginia.. 75.4 94.0 3,674 4,124 89.0 27,930 21,696 73.4 8*3.7 5,504 5,356
North Carolina 241.5 205.0 6,385 8,806 253. 3 39,301 33, 001 236.6 246.2 14,727 16,180
South Carolina 132.9 146.1 3,057 3,804 141.2 15,007 12,377 131.0 137.8 7,447 7,437
Georgia.......... 213.8 222.8 5.373 6,520 213.5 30,684 23,034 209.6 206.8 12,264 11,830
Florida............. 40.6 50.5 1,050 2,190 47.5 14,424 11,699 38.9 43.1 3,421 3,239
East South Central 880.2 991.1 28, 017 36. 387 963.9 178,281 132, 891 872.9 919.9 54.741 68,348
Kentucky____ 215.4 244.4 8,020 11,003 234.9 53,960 39,705 210.3 229.4 17.366 18,501
Tennessee........ 216.7 239.0 8,888 10,811 231.9 67,320 41,171 212.3 220.4 15,939 16,730
Alabama.......... 221.6 243.2 5,428 6,778 234.0 34,505 28,170 219.8 222.3 10,734 10,436
Mississippi___ 232.5 263.8 5,381 0,715 253.1 30,436 23,844 230.6 238.8 10,712 10,670
W est Sout hC entral 907.8 991.9 43,264 41, 398 941.6 296,460 193.960 898.6 880.5 78.048 61.247
Arkansas......... 195.0 224.4 6,124 6,870 214.3 30,129 27,424 193.1 204.6 11,202 10,772
Louisiana......... 128.5 149.8 4,133 4,331 143.5 22,462 14,007 127.4 134.0 7,279 6,487
Oklahoma........ 179.1 191.8 11,471 9,656 179.6 80,514 45,743 177.2 169.2 23, 292 16,241
Texas................ 404.7 425.9 21,526 20,542 404.1 154,355 106,785 400.9 371.9 30,275 27,747
Mountain........... 181.8 201.8 12,878 11,907 191.2 87,429 82,122 178.6 166.0 21,088 17,864
Montana.......... 37.0 38.8 2,117 1,9S9 37.5 15,420 13,221 36.4 38.0 3,664 2,085
Idaho................ 32.5 35.0 1,989 1,980 32.8 10, 399 -13,630 32.1 28.1 3,371 2,729
Wyoming........ 12.7 13.7 736 690 13.1 6,777 4, 578 12.5 12.0 1,258 1,114
Colorado.......... 49.0 52.0 3,653 3,359 49.3 27,343 20,928 48.4 44.2 0.833 5,574
New Mexico... 21.1 28.7 962 .1,007 26.8 6,791 5,206 21.1 22.3 1,4801 1,281
Arizona............ 7 .7 11.0 576 554 10.0 5,081 3.723 7.6 8 .8 997 . 780
U tah................. 18.2 19.9 2,096 2,105 19.0 18,463 18,802 17,9 13.3 3,540 2,590
Nevada____ _ 2.6 2.8 244 224 2.6 2,140 1,884 2.0 2.4 439 297
Paoiflc.................. 181.0 200.3 26, 888 22,988 191.0 259, 193 199, 522 176.6 148.8 42,321 29,771
W ashington... 53.1 63.2 0,462 5,882 58.2 71,429 56, 535 52.1 47.1 11,063 7,704
Oregon............. 43.5 50,3 2,669 3,004 46.8 28,342 25,208 42.7 37.6 4,613 3.911
California........ 84.4 92,8 17,467 14,043 86.0 159,422 117, 779 81.8 611 26,645 18,169
i Farms reporting expressed in thousands and tenths of thousands; that is, 5,372.6= 5,372,600. The
number of farms reporting sggs produced is not available for 1929.
»Less than 50.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1936, Vol. H I.

PAItM ANIMALS 681
N o. 6 4 9 . — D o m e s t ic A n im a l s — R e c e ip t s a n d S h ip m e n t s , b y K in d , b y
S t o c ic y a b d s : 1921 t o 1939
[All figures in thousands. Total tor all stockyards reporting rovers about 67 stockyards]
ITEM AND YEARLY
AVERAGE OR YEAR
Chicago
Den*
ver
N a­
tional
Stock
Yards
111.
Port
Kansas
Worth
City Omaha
St. South
Joseph
Paul
St.
Sioux
City
Total,
0
stockyards
All
other
stockyards
reporting
Total,
all
stockyards
reporting
CATTLE AND CALVES
Receipts:
1921-1026................ 3,852 505 1,341 1,218 2,932 1,70S 075 1,336 772 14,430 8.366 22,796
lAM-ioan 3, 344 611 1,343 1,148 2,328 1,000 014 1,549 867 13,403 8,311 21,744
1931-1935 i 2,737 535 l)302 '878 2,008 1,062 539 1,541 897 12,219 8.632 20,851
IGftfi l 2,429 561 1,641 1,118 1,958 1,382 474 1,388 802 11,753 9,851 21,004
inafii 2,645 564 1)483 1,032 1,782 1,073 481 1,667 995 12,322 10,259 22, 681
1G37 2,367 073 1,589 1,401 1,93C 1,459 434 1,526 700 12,079 10. 342 22,422
1938 —. ................ 2,210 020 1,403 1,213 1,669 1,298 376 1,369 712 10,870 9,768 20.630
1939........................ 2,131 022 1,294 1,042 1,712 1,312 372 1,373 733 10,590 9,860 20,450
Shipments:
1921-1926................ 1,103 463 814 429 1,421 729 232 476 411 6,067 3. 623 9.600
1026-1930................ 840 454 887 463 1,130 026 187 447 415 6,454 3,407 8,801
1081-1936 1.............. 680 339 690 378 1,020 375 134 421 414 4,788 3,100 8,169
1936 L._.................. 697 343 706 464 970 568 98 357 363 4,454 3,984 8,438
1036 1....................... 721 321 614 434 735 519 102 437 424 4,407] 4,056 8,463
1937....................... 650 422 738 649 1,005 006 mo 370 345 4,809 4,094 8.003
1938 .. - .............. 621 393 640 654 007 600 10c 344 365 4,538 4,004 8.542
1939........................ 585 402 559 594 091 510 107 453 378 4,580 4,217 8,803
SHEEP AND LAMBS
Receipts:
1021-1926................ 4,173 1,918 575 351 1, 61.9 2,704 974 521 279 13,114 9, 467 22, 571
1926-1930 .............. 4,044 2,070 668 404 1,783 2,072 1, 50C 972 714 15,094 10,922 26,016
1031-1935 1.............. 3,678 2,840 680 879 1,778 2,333 1,202 1, 542 1,009 15,910 12,325 28,244
1935................ —— 2,941 2,903 766 647 1,397 1,073 1,068 1, 362 067 13,723 11,844 26, 607
1030......................... 2, 595 3,024 709 610 1,277 1,317 1,04? 1, 487 843 13,21C 11,442 24. G52
1937........................ 2; 501 3,098 1,060 1, 281 1,409 1,585 945 1, 290 581 13.80C 11,17S 24.970
1938....................... 2,564 3,136 988 1, 378 1,506 1,848 1, Oil
939 1,387 1,717 1,025 1,258 061 14,140 11,449 26,598
1939........................ 2,499 2 , 8 3 7 820 1,204 711 13, US 10, 60S 23,817
Shipments:
iooi- kwr 1,300 1,746 215 215 516 1,129 228 205 90 6.650 5,900 11.649
1Q9A-1Q

6 8 2 BAUM ANIMALS AMD AKTMAL PRODUCTS
No. 650.-—D omestic Animals—Receipts, Local Slaughter, and Stocker
and F eeder Shipments at P ublic Stockyards, by K ind: 1921 to 1939
ITEM
[All figures in thousands]
m i -
1925,
average
1926-
mO,
average
1931-
1935,
average
1035 ' 1936 1 1937 1938 1939
Cattle and calves:
Receipts......................................... 22,796 21,744 20 851 21,004 22,581 22,422 20,039 20,456
Local slaughter.............................. 12,972 12,746 12 501 13,030 13,982 13,274 11,938 11,487
Stocker and feeder shipments___ 4,144 3,673 3 053 3,392 3,207 3,470 8,015 4,114
Sheep and lambs:
Receipts....................................... 22,571 26,016 28 244 26, 567 24, 062 24,979 25,598 23,817
Local slaughter.............................. 10,019 12,625 14 267 12,927 12, 423 12,322 13,018 11,005
Stoekor and feeder shipments----- 4,150 4,912 3 60S 2,904 2, 705 3,284 3,367 3,598
Swine:
Receipts........................................ 47,968 42, 516 33 9413 19, 662 26, 399 22, 606 24, 801 27,974
Local slauuhter..-......................... 30,810 26,603 23, 227 13, 509 IS, 281 IS, 004 17, 776 20,638
Stoekor and feeder shipments___ 588 736 421) 334 590 382 422 493
i See nates 1 and 2, table 649.
No. 6 5 1 .— D omestic Animals—Receipts at P ublic Stockyards, by K ind,
by M onths: 1931 to 1940
CT.ASS AND YEARLY
AVERAGE OR YEAR
C a ttle a n d c a lv e s:
1931-1935».............. 20,861
1936 i ____________ 22,581
1,550 1,302
1,793 1,410
1937 ........... 22,422 1,691 1,343
1938 __________________________
20,639 1,647 1,313
1939 ........... 20,456
1940
S h eep a n d la m b s :
1931-19351.............. 28,244
1 0 3 0 .......................... 24,652
1937 ........... 24,970
1938 ........... 25,598
1939 ........... 23,817
1940 ...........
Swine:
1931-1935 a...........
1936 ........
1937 ........
1938 ........
1939 ........
1940 ......
[All figures in thousands]
T o tal J a n . R o b . M a r. A p r. M a y J u n o J u ly A n g . S e p t. O c t. N o v . D e c .
33,045
26,399
22,666
24,801
27,974
1,640
1,566
2,004
1 ,8G2
2,063
1,955
1,747
1, 728
3,785
2, 532
2, 500
2,893
2, 699
3, 772
1,294
1,247
1,754
1,632
1,691
1,713
1,546
1,424
2.922
1,817
2,084
1,902
1,971
2.922
1,411
1.625
1,727
1.626
1,542
1,359
1,890
1,701
1,676
1,739
1,766
1,440
2,575
2,045
2,224
1,895
2,205
2,710
1.502
1,673
1,634
1.502
1,467
1,554
2,233
1,798
1,882
1,938
1,993
1,876
2,630
1,875
2,036
1,724
1,990
2,695
i See note 1, table 649. 9 See note 2, table 649.
1,590
1,622
1,751
1,681
1,737
1,576
2,401
1,944
2,209
2.409
1,951
2,002
2,762
1,769
1,526
1,890
2.410
2,674
1,508
1,764
1,902
1,006
1,476
1,462
2,182
1,859
1,879
1,029
1,711
1,687
2,549
1,864
1,613
1,757
2,105
2,650
1,765
1,881
1,675
1,630
1,067
2,305
2,022
1 ,908
1,964
2,042
2,279
1,915
1,157
1,570
1,948
2,263
2,216
2,245
1,946
1,764
2,837
2,287
2 ,762
2,664
2,392
2,426
1,747
1,275
1,707
2,007
2,235
2,264
2,300
2,017
2,117
3,239
2,706
2,994
2,986
2,625
3,008
1,939
1,533
1,881
1,905
2,354
2,439
2,332
2,306
2,438
3,620
2,871
2,697
2,805
2,607
2,627
2,613
1,906
2,255
2,458
1,861
2,176
2,132
1 ,9C0
1,912
2,129
2,149
1,785
1,945
1,924
2,925
3,149
2,323
2,607
2,849
1,513
1,811
1,620
1,465
1,404
1,749
1,761
1,643
1,552
1,514
3,168
3,145
2,587
2,570
3,331
No. € 5 2 .—D omestic Animals—Average P rices R eceived by F armers and
Average Chicago M arket Price, by Kind: 1911 to 1939
No t e—Milk cows, dollars per head; others in dollars per 100 pounds, live weight. Prices are weighted
calendar year averages, except the averages for milk cows at local markets, and calves, sheep, and Iambs
at Chicago, which are simple averages of monthly prices
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Milk
cows at
local
market,
per
hoad
BEEF CATTLE 1 CALVJBS, VEAL 8JIEBP LAMBS m o s
Local
market Chicago
Local
market Chicago
market
Local Chicago
Local
market Chicago
Local markot Chicago
1911-1915.... 52.30 5.54 7.89 7.07 9.30 4,00 6.13 6.03 7.57 6.86 7.60
1910-1920.-.. 79.50 8.42 12.91 11.00 14.35 8.97 10.26 11.85 16.05 13.20 14.78
1921-1025.... 50.30 6.78 0.13 7.90 9.78 0.29 7.02 10.14 13.53 8.30 0.04
1920-1930— 79.60 8.21 11.82 10. 61 13.07 0. 75 6.57 10.99 13.54 9.65 10.23
1031-1935.... 40.20 4.74 7.44 5.73 7.08 2. 80 2.81 5.65 7.37 5.07 5.57
1032.............. 37.00 4.25 6.70 4.95 6.21 2.19 2.20 4.46 5.92 3.34 3.83
10B3.............. 38.20 3.75 5.42 4.64 5.88 2.38 2. 30 6.05 6.65 3.53 8.04
1034.............. 32. CO 4.13 6.76 4.92 0.10 2.85 2.95 5.90 8.01 4.14 4.05
1935.............. 40,00 6.06 10.26 7. 20 8.88 3.77 3. 82 7.22 9.02 8.63 9.27
1030.............. 52.70 5.82 8.82 7.22 9.30 3.81 4.00 8.03 9.91 0.30 9.80
1937.............. 50,80 7.01 11.47 8.10 10.07 4,40 4.07 8.84 10.78 0,47 10,02
1038.............. 50.70 6.57 0.39 7.86 9. 52 3.56 3.75 7.04 8. 50 7.72 8.00
1939 (prel.)__ 58.60 7.13 0.76 8.42 10.31 3.92 3,88 7.78 9.33 0.21 6.57
* Chicago prices are for beef steers, all grades, excluding western.
Source of tables 650, 051, and 652: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report,
Agricultural Statistics, Monthly receipts, slaughter, shipments, and local market prices of animals are
published currently in Crops and Markets.

FARM ANIMALS' 683
N o . 6 5 3 . — D o m e s tic A n im a ls — M o n t l h y A v e r a g e P r i c e s a t C h ic a g o , b y
K i n d : 1935 t o 1940
[In dollars per 100 pounds, Uve weight]
CLASS AND YEAR Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May J udd July Aug. Sept. Oet. Nov. Dee. Averages
1
Boof steers:1
1938....................... 0.24 10.49 10.77 11.10 11.13 10.28 0.80 10.27 10.36 10.38 9.97 9.79 10.26
1930....................... 9.30 8.37 8.65 8.42 7.92 7.86 8.13 8.46 0.16 0.31 10.31 10.27 8.82
1937-...................... 10.09 10.22 10.79 10.75 11.21 12.11 13.97 14.13 13.78 12.70 10.65 8.0(1 11.47
1938--.................. 8.13 7.78 8.46 8.63 8.82 9.50 10.71 10.31 10.42 10.33 10.03 10,13 9.39
1939........................ 10.85 10.17 10.29 10.02 9.68 9.22 9.30 9.09 10.23 9.87 0.03 9.56 0.75
1040........................ 9.46 9.08 0.31 9.40 9.83 9.69
Calves, veal:3
1935........................ 8.03 8.04 8.35 8.36 8.33 8.50 8.00 9.48 0.60 9.70 10.01 in. m 8.88
1 9 3 0 --................. 10.45 10.04 8.70 8.93 9.22 9.07 8.32 8.18 9.55 9.48 8.91 10 21 0.30
1937................. 11.10 U. 42 9.01 9.18 9.10 9.20 9.85 11.10 11.80 10.80 10.14 10.1C 10.07
1938........................ 10.03 10.29 0.05 8.48 8.02 8.50 9.08 9.74 10.28 10.48 9.98 9.16 9.62
1939................ ... 9.90 10.80 10.38 9.28 9.48 9.03 9.73 10.15 11.22 10.01 9.91 9.91 10.31
1940................ 11.47 10.06 10.44 9.90 10. 95 9.51
Sheep:1
1935................... 4.3C 4.75 4.51 4.44 3.57 2.56 2.65 2.81 3.25 3.72 4.54 4.73 3.82
1936--................. 4.92 4.78 5, IS 5.52 4.22 3.28 3.48 2.84 3. IS 3, ftfl 3.52 3.05 4.00
1937-..................... 5.34 fi. 5(1 6.45 0.19 5.22 3.65 4.03 4.29 3.85 3.84 3.81 3.86 4.67
1938....................... 3.96 3.011 4.78 5.08 3.88 3.18 3. IS 3.32 3.06 3.08 3.5£ 3.06 3.75
1039.................... 4.21 4.53 5,04 5.48 3.68 2.66 2.04 2.95 3.31 3.5S 4.0C 4.1C 3.88
1940....................... 4.05 4.9C 5.45 5.26 3.41 3.12
Lambs:1
1935................. 9.02 8.4« 8.24 8.16 7.5C 8.91 8.52 8.96 0.40 9.26 10.53 11.16 0.02
1930........................ 10.60 10.14 9.95 11.03 10.54 11.34 9.85 9.31 9.42 8.73 0.00 8.98 9.91
1037........................ 10.43 10.49 12.06 12.54 10.82 11.60 10.97 10.92 10.71 10.12 9.08 9.01 10.78
1938-...................... 8.34 7.04 8.80 8.49 7.91 9.15 0.08 8.40 7.95 8.23 8.98 8.09 8.50
1939....................... 8.94 8.96 9.21 10.02 9.88 9.79 9.30 8.62 6.66 9.41 9.19 8.92 0.33
104ft 9.12 9.46 10.11 10.32 10.26 10.85
Hogs: *
1035........................ 7.70 8.35 9.09 8.94 9.31 0.27 0.49 10.78 10.95 9.83 9.31 9.57 9. .27
1030........................ 9.85 10. .37 10.24 10.47 0.58 0.88 9.70 10.06 0.89 9.55 9.48 9.90 9.89
1937........................ 10.24 10.08 10.11 9.07 10.73 11.04 11.57 11.77 11.37 10.03 8.05 7. 01) 10.02
1988....................... 7.91 8.33 9.12 8.28 8.20 8.52 8.00 7.70 8.35 7.84 7.07 7.24 8.00
1939.................... 7.30 7.77 7.43 6.92 0.07 6.34 5.92 5.52 y.44 6.85 5.97 5.38 0,57
1940........................ G.32 fi. 12 5.07 5.43 5.59 4.98
i Simple avoragos of monthly prices, except for boof steers and hogs, which arc weighted averages.
• Wostorn steors not inoluded.
* Good and choice grades.
1Bulk of sales. Slaughter ewes (culls excluded) and native lambs. ■Packer and shipper purchases.
Sourco: Dopt. of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
No. 654.— D o m e s tic A n im a ls — M o n t h l y A v e r a g e P r i c e s R e c e i v e d b y
F a r m e r s , b y K i n d : 1938, 1939 a n d 1940
[In dollars per 100 pounds, live weight.
Average prices for the year are woightod averages]
CLASS AND YEAH Jan. Fob. Mar. Apr, May Juno July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dee. Average
Beef cattle:
1938 ..
1939 ........
1940- . ...........
Calves, veal:
1938.....................
1939- - . . ...
1940- .
Sheep:
1938 ........
1939 ........
1940 ....
Lambs:
1 9 3 8 --.................
1939........................
ig40........................
Hogs:
1938 .........
1939
1940
.........
.........
6.03
0,08
0.04
8.32
8.30
S, 05
3.67
3.83
3.80
7.16
7.33
7.57
7.60
6.96
6.18
5.80
6,86
0.84
8.23
8.73
8.80
3.01
4.02
3.93
8.63
7.37
7.01
7.74
7.21
4.97
6.11
7.00
7.00
8.17
8.69
8.81
3.97
3.99
4.25
7.35
7.43
8.05
8.35
7.10
4.87
0.30
7.08
7,16
8. 00
8. 38
8. 03
3.00
4.19
4.15
7.23
7.88
8.14
7. 77
6.57
4.00
6.25
7.09
7.35
7.62
8.20
8.01
3. 50
3.04
4.02
6.00
8.02
8.25
7.35
0.39
5.35
0.38
6.81
7.10
7.73
7.08
8.46
3.43
3.67
3.81
6.84
7.49
8,12
8.00
5.90
4.82
6.74
0.00
7. 88
8.11
3. 40
3. 00
0.8 4
7.31
8.56
6,26
6.38
0. 50
7. 95
8.13
3. 40
3. 50
6.50
6.94
7. 81
5. 47
6.45
7.07
8.81
8.92
3.38
3.30
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
P ata are published currently in Crops and Markots.
6.46
7.57
8. 07
7.00
6.33
6.07
8. 28
8.88
3.36
3.92
0.37
7.60
7.28
6.52
0.32
0.89
8.27
8.64
3.53
3.83
0.82
7.48
7.26
5.87
6.40
0.85
8.04
8.41
3.69
3.79
7.08
7.38
6.90
5.03
0.57
7.18
7.86
8.42
3,56
3.92
7.04
7.78
7.72
6.21

6 8 4 FARM ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS
N o. 6 5 5 .— M e a t s a n d A n im a l P r o d u c t s — W h o l e s a l e P r i c e s a n d I n d e x e s ,
b y K in d : 1900 t o 1939
[All prices are in oents per pound except for eggs, which are in cents per dozen. Indexes based on 1926=3100]
TEAR
Hogs, good
to choice,
heavy,
Chicago1
Cattle,
steers, good
to choice,
Chicago
Pork, fresh
(composite
price),
Ohicago
Hams,
cured,
Chicago
Lard,
prime
contract,
New York
Mutton,
dressed,
New York
Price Index Price Index Price Index Price Index Price Index Price Index
5.08 41.2 5.39 56.6
ion* 5.29 42.9 5.22 54.8
8.94 72.5 7.02 73.6
........ .........
7.13 57.8 8.70 91.3
14.19 115.0 14.49 152.0
1925.................. 12.25 99.3 10.66 111.9 20.5 91.5
1930.................. 9.01 77.9 11.03 115.7 17.6 78.1
1932 .... 3.82 30.9 7.80 81.8 7.8 34.8
1933 ..... 3.98 32.3 5.78 60.7 8.0 35.7
1934 ..... 5.03 40.7 7.80 82.8 12.3 54.9
1935 ..... 9. GO 77.8 11.70 122.8 19.2 85.7
1030.................. 10.11 82.0 9.96 104.4 17.8 79.5
1937 ..... 10. 51 85.2 14.14 148.4 18.2 81.3
1938 ..... 8.27 67.0 10.30 108.0 15.5 69.2
1939 .... 6.63 53.8 10.44 106.5 13.3 59.5
Beef, fresh,
Chicago
10.3
10.5
10.4
15.3
33.4
27.1
23.0
13.3
12.1
15.2
22.5
24.0
23.1
21.8
20.0
33.4
34.1
63.2
49.7
108.4
88.0
74.7
43.2
39.3
49.4
73.1
77.9
75.0
70.8
95.0
6.9
7.6
12.5
9.4
20.0
16.8
10.9
5.0
5.7
8.3
14.6
11.5
11.7
8.6
6.9
46.0
50.0
83.3
62.7
133.3
112.0
72.7
33.3
38.0
55.3
96.7
76.7
78.0
67.6
46.0
7.3
8.6
10.1
10.7
16,2
14.4
10.0
7.0
6.0
7.1
8.8
8.3
9.1
8.2
8.5
50.7
59.7
70.1
74.3
112.5
100.0
69.4
48.6
41.7
49.3
61.1
57.6
63.2
56.0
50.0
Veal, fresh,
good,
Chicago
Price Index
16.4
17.9
9.1
9.1
9.3
13.6
13.7
14.8
13.9
14.6
87.7
95.7
48.7
48.7
49.7
72.2
73.3
79.1
74.3
77.6
Beef, fresh, Poultry, Butter,
Cheese,
Eggs, firsts,
native dressed, creamery, fresh, Milk, fresh.
sides, steers, fresh fowls, extra, New New York
New York New York Now York
Chicago
Y ork1
8.0 53.0 22.5 50.8
tons 8.0 53.0 24.9 56.2
11.5 70.1 10.3 08.2 17.6 56.1 30.1 07.9
1915.................. 12 9 78.7 12.6 83.4 17.8 56,7 20.0 67.fi 14.2 65,4 25.7 72.2 1.95 53.9
1020.................. 23. C 140.? 29.9 136.4 38.5 122.6 61.4 138.6 26.2 120.7 56.9 159.8 3.94 108.9
1925................ 18.0 109. £ 15,9 105.3 30.3 96.5 46.4 192.6 23.0 106.0 39.8 111.8 3.55 98.1
1930................ 20,7 126.2 17.5 110,6 26.2 88.4 36.4 82.2 18.2 83.9 27.8 78.1 3.85 106.2
1932................ 13,1 79, f 11.7 77.5 17.fi 56.7 21.0 47.4 12. U 55.3 19.3 54.2 2.38 66.7
1933................ 9,5 57. f 9,2 60.9 13,8 43.9 21.7 49.9 11.7 53.9 17.2 48.3 2.43 67.1
1934................ 11.1 fifl.fi 10.7 70.9 15.9 47.8 25.5 57.6 12.9 59.4 20.3 57.0 3.05 84.2
1935................ 17.6 197,3 15.5 102.6 19.5 62.1 29.6 66.8 15.6 71.9 26.3 73.9 3.29 90.8
1938................ 15.2 f)2.7 14.3 94.7 19.7 62.7 33.0 74.5 16.7 77.0 25.2 70.8 3.45 05.2
1937................ 21.1 128.7 18.3 121.2 29.2 64.3 34.3 77.4 17.2 79.3 22.9 64.3 3. lfl 87.2
1938................ 15.3 95.3 15.4 102.5 19.fi 62.1 27. H 62. K 13. H

ANIM AL EBODUOTS 6 8 5
N o. 6 5 7 .— M e a t s a n d L a r d— P r o d u c t io n , F o r e ig n T r a d e , a n d C o n s u m p t io n ,
by Kind: 1932 t o 1939
N o t e .—All amounts, except pec capita, in millions of pounds. Pock production represents total hogcarcass
weight, less raw fat from carcass which was rendered into lard. Other meat production represents
dressed carcass weight only, with edible byproducts excluded. Lard production represents rendered
weight of lard. Uninspected production includes farm, retail, and non-fedorally inspected
wholesale slaughter. Meat obtained from cattle, c a lv e s , and sheep purchased for slaughter by Federal
Government in 1934 and 1936 in connection with drought-relief activities and pork and lard from sows
and pigs slaughtered for Federal Government in August and September 1933 are not Included. Exports
and imports of meats comprise the several kinds of meat converted to a dressed-carcass-wetght basis.
Lard exports represent rendered lard, including neutral lard. Exports include shipments to Alaska,
Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands. Consumption represents production plus imports less exports.
with allowance for changes in storage stocks
TEAR
Total
PRODUCTION
Federally
inspected
Exports
of u . S,
production
Uninspected
(estimated)
CONSUMPTION
Imports
for consumption
Total Per capita
(pounds)
All meats (excluding lard):1
1032...................................... 16,373 10, 766 6,617 208 69 16,316 130.6
1933........................................ 17,259 11,651 5,608 243 107 16,940 134.8
1934........................- ............. 17,266 11,621 5,635 260 120 16,983 134.1
1935....................................... 14,437 9,362 5,075 191 212 14,856 116.4
1936........................-.............. 16,917 11,387 5,530 174 271 16,577 129.1
1937........................................ 15,646 10,273 5.373 167 307 16.195 126.3
1938-..................................... 10,359 10.927 5,432 208 267 16,479 125.8
1939..................................... . 17,243 11,548 5,695 240 264 17,201 131.0
Beef: 1
1932........................................ 6,700 3,940 1,820 32 63 6,802 46.4
1933........................................ 6.402 4,541 1,861 30 104 6,430 51.1
1934........................................ 7,020 4,959 2,001 66 118 7,020 55.4
1935........................................ 6,592 4,564 2,028 53 201 6,775 53.1
1936........................................ 7,438 5,317 2, m 64 226 7,621 58.6
1937........................................ 6,769 4, 699 2,070 61 227 7,078 64.8
1988....................................... 0,860 4,798 2,062 53 200 7,110 63.8
1939...................................... 6,001 4,803 2,098 62 219 7,049 63.7
Veal; i
1039, .. . ....... ... 814 454 3Q0 814 6.6
1933 _ ........................ 881 506 376 (2) 881 7.0
1034 .. ............. 1,052 043 409 w 1,052 83
1Q3R . __ ____ 1,007 603 404 (a) 1,008 7.9
1036 ...................................... 1,078 653 425 (J) 1,078 8.4
1037 1,076 675 401 (J) 1,076 8.3
1038 962 581 381 («) 062 7.4
7.1
1939 ............ 934 559 375 (1) 934
Lamb and mutton; i
1932...................................... 884 682 202 1 w 882
7.1
1933........................................ 852 673 179 2 (!) 849 6.8
1934........................................ 799 624 175 2 796 6.3
1936........................................ 884 701 183 2 (>) 883 6.9
1936........................................ 866 680 186 2 w 857 6,7
1937—. .................................. 864 683 181 2 P) 870 6.7
1938........................................ 901 720 181 2 0) 898 6.9
1939........................................ 874 094 180 2 m 871 6.6
Pork (excluding lard):1
1932........................................ 8,915 5,680 3,235 175 6 8,818 70.6
1933...........................-........... 9,124 5,932 3,192 202 3 8,786 69.9
1934....................................... 8,385 5,395 2,990 211 2 8,115 64.1
1935........................................ 6,954 3,494 2,460 136 11 6,190 48.5
1938........................., ............. 7,535 4,737 2,798 118 45 7,121 65.4
1937...................................... 0,937 4,216 2,721 114 80 7,171 55.5
1038........................................ 7,636 4,828 2,808 153 57 7,500 57.7
1030........................................ 8,534 5,492 3,042 192 46 8,347 03.6
Lard: >
1032 ...... „............ 2,361 1,573 778 576
1,786 14.3
1033 .......„ . _ 2,446 1,679 767 612 1,743 13.9
1934 . . . ................. 2,066 1,341 725 468 1,622 12.8
1035 ... ... .. . . . . 1,267 662 606 116 1,218 0.6
103R .......... 1.673 992 681 137 1,443 11. 2
1037 ........... . ............... 1,441 787 054 163 1,370 10.6
1038 1,750 1,076 674 234 1,462 11.2
1030 ... ............... 2,037 1,317 720 311 1,672 12.7
1 Figures for recent years subject to revision.
• Less than 600,000 pounds.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Sorviee; annual report, Agricultural Statistics,
and records.

6 8 6 FARM ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS
N o . 6 5 8 .— A n im a l P r o d u c t s o f F a r m s— Q u a n t it y a n d V a l u e , b y K i n d :
1 9 2 4 , 1 9 2 9 , a n d 1 9 3 4
PRODUCT
Unit
VALUE (THOUSANDS OF
QUANTITY (THOUSANDS)
DOLLARS)
of
1920 1934 quantity
1924 1929 1931 1924 1929 1934
FARMS REPORTING1
Total of speoifled
2,345,2193, 307, 326
1,260,778 1,818,482
Milk produced__ 4,615,629 5,230,886 Gal— 9,198,304 11,052,023 10,666,065 (3) (3)
Whole milk sold. 893,431
555,269 1,036,650
Creamsold__ 08,030
m ..do— 2,660,612 4,455,639
h __do_ 45,736 15,846 62,059 26,130
Butterfat sold_ 1,556,487
416,311 538,795
3,038,100
P) Lb— 1,081,062 1,379,906
3,816, 340 —do_ 642,803 542,064 658,640 228,139 216,898
Butter sold__ 643,994 P) __do__ (3) 135,045
93,122
(3) 56,056
235,531 310,425 351,501
Pi
96,212
Wool produced

BAIR'S PRODUCTS 687
No. 6 6 0 .— B u t t e r a n d C h e e s e — P r o d u c t i o n , G r o s s R e c e i p t s a t L e a d in g
F i v e M a r k e t s , a n d C o l d - S t o r a g e H o l d i n g s : 1921 t o 1940
N ote.—All figures in thousands of pounds. Cheese production relates to the grade "American” (whole
milk) only, receipts, to all kinds
PRODUCT AND MARKET
1931-1925,
average
mfi-1930,
average
1931-1935,
average 1936 1937 1938 193!)
b u t t e r
Production, creamery >.............. 1,233,656 1.525, 514 1,690,272 1, 029,407 1,023.071 1,780,172 1,761,776
Heoeipts (6 markets) 1................. ■643,166 686, 558 709,057 666,418 646,887 798,B30 734, 338
New Y o rk ............................. 238,240 269, 697 269,673 244, 220 232,844 302,089 264,946
Chicago.................................... 228,996 236,100 237,197 225,435 235.750 304,689 284, 947
Philadelphia............................ 68,086 83, 343 89, 534 76, 668 J 9 ,213 74,044 71, 620
Boston..................................... 81,413 81,764 84,081 80,791 "79,496 83,113 76,671
San Francisco......................... 26,431 25, 648 28.669 80,405 29,580 34,395 36, 245
Cold-storage holdings, Dec. 1 67, 990 83, 650 74,119 88,866 60,101 160,632 89,783
CHEESE
Production, American................ 304, 016 345, 615 411,702 487, 576 492,041 660.642 633,386
Keoeipts (5 markets)3........ -....... 207, 821 193, 109 166,736 171, 498 162,171 165,644 164,719
New York................................ 48,127 48, 730 62,620 05, 887 01, 303 74,391. 08,408
Chicago.................................... 116,074 95,138 37, 000 40, 923 40, 366 35,082 28, 642
Philadelphia............................ 18,020 20,406 23,738 27,703 27,266 24,638 20,457
Boston................ ..................... 14, 336 15,834 18, 570 21,862 17, 719 13,830 18,353
Sau Francisco........................ 10, 703 13,062 14,186 15, 018 16, 528 17,697 17,869
Cold-storage holdings, Doc. 1: 3
A m erican.............................. 60, 330 00, 737 80,038 98,975 03, 033 109,738 90,219
All other.................................. 10,150 16, 412 13, 080 15, 731 14. 804 17.702 21,998
1037 ... ....
1038 ...
1939 K.............
1040

6 8 8 FA.11M ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS
No. 6 6 2 .— M il k — E s t im a t e d C o n s u m p t io n in M a n u f a c t u r e o f M il k
P r o d u c t s: 1932 t o 1938
[All figures in millions of pounds]
PRODUCT 1932 1033 1934 1935 1036 1937 1938
T o ta l..........................................................................
44,796 46,880 46,230 46,898 47,071 47,032 61,447
C ream ery b u t te r i .........................................................
E v a p o ra te d m ilk (case goods)3................................
C o n d e n se d m ilk (case a n d b u lk )3.......................
Ice cream (factory)*...................................................
D r y o r p o w d e re d w h o le m ilk ...................................
D r y o r p o w d e re d c re a m ...........................................
M a lte d m ilk ......... ....................................................... ......
34,046
4,883
3,377
482
l t 840
01
1
35
35,431
5,460
3,694
421
1,751
97
3
33
34,018
5,826
3,677
454
2,103
121
1
36
32,005
6,237
3,947
447
2,343
156
1
42
32,047
6,446
4,385
528
2,875
137
3
50
32,474
6,484
4,065
534
3,317
103
2
53
35,685
7,250
4,490
508
3,310
102
1
41
i Does not include farm butter nor milk equivalent of whoy butter.
' Excluding cottage, pot, and bakers’ cheese.
1 Excluding product made from skimmed milk.
* Excluding milk equivalent of butter or concentrated milk used as sources of fat in ice cream.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
No. 6 6 3 .— O l e o m a r g a r in e— P r o d u c t io n a n d M a t e r ia l s C o n s u m e d : 1916
to 1939
N o t e .—All figures in thousands of pounds. Figures for production by kind of oil used are as reported
to the Agricultural Marketing Service, Department of Agriculture, while other production figures arc as
reported to the Commissioner of Internal Revenue for taxation purposes. Colored oleomargarine is taxed
10 cents per pound; uncolored, !4 cent per pound
TEAR ENDED JUNE
30—
OLEOMARGARINE I’RODUC-
• TfON
Total
Colored
Uncolored
DISTRICT OR
MATERIAL
TEAK ENDED JUNE 30—
1036 1037 1038 1030
1016............................... 162,610 6,749 145,761
1917.—......................... 233,170 8,012 225,158
1918............................... 326,529 0,605 319,934
1919............................... 860,217 13,849 345,368
1920............................... 301,280 16,024 375,656
1921............................... 281,082 11,001 209,4*1
1922............................... 190,950 0,604 184,346
1923............................... 200,182 8, 200 200,922
1924............................... 239,099 11, 548 228,151
1925............................... 216,403 11,280 204,123
1926............................... 248,047 13,181 234.860
1927............................... 257,157 14j_502 242,056
1028............................... 294, 699 IS, 361 279,348
1929............................... 333,121 16,306 316,810
1930-............................ 849,124 17,103 332,021
1931............................. 277,773 8,847 268,020
1932............................... 216,342 4,036 210,700
1933............................... 219,048 2,813 210,230
1934............................... 243.187 2, 689 240,403
1935............................... 363,821 2,905 350,016
1936............................... 371,788 2,773 868,964
1937— ......................... 389,264 1,067 887,207
1938........... ................... 415,404 1, 049 413.755
1939............................... 332,073 1,381 831, 592
1938 (calondar year)
Total.................... 380,093 1,528 378, 567
Combined animal and
vegetable oil,______
Vegetable and nut oil..
38, 767
341,320
600
1,026
38,207
340,300
1930 (calendar year)
Total.................... 301, 830 1,487 300,393
Combined animal and
vegetable oil..............
Vegetable and nut oil..
34,884
206,946
302
1,045
34,492
265,901
PRODUCTION
California.......
Colorado.......
39,798
1,042
43,981
1,190
49,120
398
41,702
1, 599
Illinois............ 120,993 129,531 133,924 93,699
Indiana.......... 30,003 30,549 42,223 40,916
Kansas........... 23,845 25,148 27,830 22,948
Maryland....... 0,055 7,940 10,708 9,899
Michigan........ 13,119 14,626 19,572 18, 788
Minnesota___ 1,129 1,215 1,287 751
Missouri......... 0,436 11,146 11,229 8. 300
New Jersey..... 26,116 24,219 29,867 20, 687
Ohio............... 84,094 86,285 70,733 64, 543
Oregon........... 1,459 1,809 2,384 1, 427
Texas.............. 5, 020 5,557 0,083 7,252
29
150 651
MATERIAL
CONSUMED
Total— . 401,272 412, 087 436,120 350, 333
Babassu oil___ 11,408 17.189 10,452 12, 207
Coconut o il... 107,216 101, 375 87,054 70, 760
Corn oil.......... 830 1,327 1,225 554
Cottonseed oil. 93,017 137,018 177,583 109. 224
Derivative of
glycerin....... 1,026 1,1.05 1,280 882
M ilk.............. 76,252 72,370 70,077 04,712
Palm -kernel
oil................. 1,062 6,089 7,504 1, 244
Peanut oil___ 3,918 3,732 3,244 2,740
Salt................. 19,441 18,159 18,085 14, 852
Oleo oil___... 15,181 18,039 11,730 13, 025
Oleo stearlno.. 3,200 3, 252 3,444 3,190
Oleo stock...- 1,040 1,827 1,240 1,410
Neutral lard— 2,044 2.010 1,005 1,231
Soybean oil.-. 8,736 2 6 ,842 83,222 63, 082
Miscellaneous. 1,094 2,263 428 304
Source; Calendar year figures. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual
report, Agricultural Statistics. Other figures, Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue, Annual
Report of the Commissioner,

POULTRY AND EGGS 689
No. 6 6 1 .— P o u l t r y — A v e r a g e P r ic e s R e c e iv e d b y F a r m e r s a n d R e c e ip t s
a t L e a d in g F o u r M a r k e t s : 1914 t o 1940
[Prices in oents per pound; receipts in thousands of pounds]
1914-
i m ,
averago
19*1-
1025,
average
1926-
1030,
averago
1931-
1935,
average
m e m i m s 1939
18.2 19-S 21.1 12.7 16.8 15.9 15.0 i 13.4
Turkeys, local market price, Nov. 15__ 23.0 27.0 27.8 15.5 15.0 17.9 17.1 16.0
Dressed poultry, receipts, 4 markets........ 308,008 358,032 349,740 353,577 328,400 337, 008 395,438
49,696 53,554 55,993 52,350 40,868 50,143 57j 166
New York.................................... 155,266 194,660 203,480 212,097 206, 603 209,147 232,919
25,151 38,398 34,164 29, 509 27,206 24,806 25,165
Chicago.'..................................... . . . . 77,890 76,414 56,104 59,621 44,722 63, 812 80,188
Chickens, local market
price:
1937..............................
1938— .........................
1939..............................
1040
Dressed poultry, receipts,
4 m arkets:
1936..............................
1037..............................
1038.............................
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. M ay Jane July Aug. Sept, Oet. Nov. Doc.
13.4
16.7
14.0
12.0
13.6
16.0
14.2
12.2
14.4
15.9
14.3
12.8
15.2
16.2
14.4
12.9
14.8
16.1
13.9
13.6
14.8
15.7
13.4
13.3
15.3
15.0
13.7
16.8
14.2
13.0
17.4
14.3
13.6
17.6
13.6
12.7
16.9
13.0
12.4
16.4
13.6
11.7
19,620 13, 741 14,158 14, 483 17,929 21,706 22,329 26,007 27,030 33, m 74,439 68,684
21,307 15, 340 18,734 17,273 19,327 21,383 20,411 20,428 22,520 32,400 05,688 53,079
16,969 12, 961 11,742 13,279 18,643 21,339 22,580 23,410 26,386 35,090 71,496 63,106
1939 __________....................
22,103 16,867 17,207 15,594 24,137 27,872 27,408 25,272 29,503 36,510 78,053 75,064
1940 -- — 31,819 21,601 21,247 19,024 25,221 27,482
»Preliminary.
No. 6 6 5 .— E g g s— P r ic e s , R e c e ip t s a t L e a d in g M a r k e t s , a n d S t o r a g e :
1931 t o 1940
[Prices in oents per dozen; receipts and storage in thousands of cases]
1931-
1935, 1936 1937 1938 1936 1937 1938 1939
average
Local market price..............
Wholesale prices?
Western firsts, Boston___
Fresh firsts, NowYork—.
XJ. S. extra firsts, Philadelphia
*........................
Fresh firsts, Chicago.......
Mediums, fresh, San
Francisco........................
Average export value...........
17 22 21
20 22 23
24 28 27
21
21
26
25
24
23
25
20
32
24
31
22
20
23
23
32
21
24
30
*18
18
18
28
18
20
26
Receipts (5 m arkets)..................
Boston_________
New York______
Philadelphia........
Chicago________
San Francisco___
Cold-storage holdings
(shell eggs):
July 31_________
Dec. 31_________
14,105 14,466 13,657
1,158 1,098 1,200
6,764 6,847 6,154
1,245 1,221 1,141
4,152 4,371 4,207
846 929 855
14,589
1,124
6,363
1,149
5,087
866
7,335 8,718
651 831 6,411
302 7,024
532
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. M ay June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec,
Local market price:
1036................................. 23 24 18 17 18 19 20 22 25 28 32 30
1937................................. 23 20 20 20 18 18 19 20 23 25 28 20
1938................................. 22 10 16 16 18 18 20 21 25 27 29 28
1930................................. 10 17 10 16 16 16 17 18 21 23 26 21
1940 . . 18 20 15 15 16 14
Wholesale price, fresh
firsts, New York:
1936................................. 24 30 21 20 22 22 23 24 25 27 32 32
1037 25 23 23 23 21 21 21 21 23 24 26 25
1938................................. 22 19 18 18 21 21 21 22 25 27 20 28
1939................................. 19 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 10 21 24 21
1940 22 24 18 17 17 17
Receipts (6 markets):
1036............................... . 889 811 1,798 2,022 2,088
1,648 2,029 2,164 1,727 1,247 981 782 652 482 687
1937................................. 1,076 924 1,077 1,188 941 791 671 666 701
1038 926 069 1,639 1,978 1,916 1,509 1,035 889 716 646 574 760
1939............................... 1,041 989 1,649 2,065 2,311 1,680 1,161 967 788 619 60S 803
1940 954 1,017 1,734 2,238 2,360 1,682
1Preliminary. * Western extra firsts through 1934.
Source of tables 604 and 665: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural
Statistics. Local market prices and receipts for 4 markets are published currently in Crops and
Markets.

690 FARM ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS
N o . 6 6 6 . — A n im a l P r o d u c t s a n d F is h — C old-S t o r a g e H o l d in g s , b y K i n d ,
b y M o n t h s: 1936 t o 1940
N ote.—All figures are in thousands of pounds, except shell eggs and total meats, which are in thousands
of 30-dozen cases and millions of pounds, respectively. Quantities aro net weights and are as of 1st of
each month. Beef and pork figures include frozen, cured, and in process of cure
Jen. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oot. Nov. Dec.
Creamery but-
1936............. 40,117 21,502 8,217 5,346 4,997 21,157 73,816 103,259 112,106 108,835 105,368 88,806
1087............ 61.234 42^ 734 20,678 6,700 6.406 22.904 83,110 123,863 134,885 118,697 98,624 66,191
1938............ 42,953 31,211 21,167 14,947 20,144 55,266 121,4C7 173,257 201,252 210,703 195,263 L60,632
1939............ 128,770 111,354 92,780 78,909 70,909 84,437 131,600 165,183 172,825 154,594 128, 111 89,783
1040....... . 55,402 29,189 18,3G6 8,875 9,504 25,463 81,006
American
cheese:
1930.......... 86, 637 78,197 68,363 62,261 66,756 56,946 70,282 80,735 90,471 98,206 102,847 98,976
1937............. 05,418 88,001 80,713 73,822 70,584 71,603 80,191 100,418 105,026 101,178 97,100 93, 633
1938............ 89,258 80,479 73,815 66,361 65,767 79,345 99,676 114,607 127,862 121,423 115.351 109,738
1939............ 102, 668 90,401 77,270 68,812 62,866 64,750 81,262 97,448 103., 694 07,530 93,987 90,219
1940......... 86,80S 75,181 06,534 61,510 65,175 73,066 90,143
All varieties of
cheese:
1936............ 99, 572 00,800 79, 550 73,952 67,776 70,783 85,708 07,403 107, 542 114,990 118,907 114,706
1937............. 110, 400 102,112 03,114 85, 216 83,096 85, 008 105,318 118,235 122, 647 117,010 112,687 108,407
1938............. 103,935 93,499 85, 650 77,042 76,280 91,160 114, 788 134,351 150,248 140,765 132,326 127,440
1939-......... 120,174 106,411 91,486 81. 653 75,846 79, 272 98,850 117,598 125,010 116,561 114,736 112; 217
1040 108,241 94,295 82,664 74,937 78,706 87,555 114,362
Shell eggs:
1936............ 964 159 13 807 3,039 5,707 7,058 7,335 7,000 5,817 3,788 1,755
1937............ 051 469 822 1,418 4,405 7,300 8,548 8,71a 8, 39(1 7,058 5,158 2,672
1938............ 831 314 281 1,303 3,204 5,100 6,255 6,411 5,042 4,765 3,244 1,439
1039-......... 302 136 165 1,105 3,357 5,880 6,977 7,024 6,598 5,430 3,519 1, 580
1940 532 57 81 864 3,341 6,980 7,613
Frozen eggs:*
1936............. 69, 640 59,722 46,367 45,848 09,172 94,014 111,725 115,485 108,014 06,606 82,029 66,309
1937............ 61,837 39,104 34,39C 53,074 88,186 133,132 164,83C 106,876 160,268 148,216 133,805 120, 929
1938............ 109,210 95,598 88,754 96,475 115,874 130,872 138, 510 135,329 125,018 110,244 94,305 78, 001
1039............ 62,903 60,345 44,476 60,465 88,867 117,900 141,450 144,359 135,028 121,471 104,282 87,802
1940 72,270 56,249 38,070 44,199 79,454 123,793 160,366
Frozen poultry:
1036............ 107,389 103,833 85,792 69,404 49,324 41,026 43,05C 49,22C 65.488 82,006 104,081 149,391
1937............ 187,887 178; 304 157; 85! 120,322 04,888 82,34C 77,172 70.04C 63,733 61,721 70,208 108, 740
1938— ....... 123.500 115,105 100,492 78,819 60,053 52.049 63,432 52.64C 54,941 50,042 77,692 118,088
1939— ....... 139,108 133,531 116,229 90,987 70,568 66,706 67,470 64,918 62,876 63,164 79,228 127, G'JO
1 9 4 0 167,643 166,962 144,759 115,442 86,226 76,904 82,336
Beef:
1936............ 106,210 104,447 86,022 79,60! 65,011 51,134 41,222 42,914 04,255 82,806 104,961 162,769
1937............. 103,760 180, QIC 107; 43! 142,691 111, 65? 86,16? 63,522 51,40C 44,582 38,74C 43,897 53,741
1938............ 6O.07C 59.369 57,022 50,501 40.145 33.601 33,73C 36,925 34,467 36,943 41.218 52,637
1939........— 68,187 53,126 46.404 40,976 36,866 34,656 33,591 33,456 33,027 36,917 49,242 67,672
1940 76,074 78,573 74,708 72,560 62,020 53,193 45,972
Pork:
1936............ 326,777 436,042 451,412 450,14! 457,402 440,61? 436,13( 441,961 420,84! 361,608 354,950 403,400
1937.....__ 666,891 738,522 775,68! 755,771 756,354 663.657 578,424 467,27? 367,505 282,53d 266,4Id 306, 630
1938............ 398,505 554,021: 582,064 543,947 500,564 450, Sit 417,704 378.081 334,777 277,231 251,645 290,142
1939............ 430,104 526,411 542,132 523,204 527,213 520,251 400,700 464,70fi 3G0,932 300,226 272,665 332,272
1940 469,469 588,601 650,663 652,733 611,956 502,575 598,522
All moots:
1930......... 51( 622 611 59£ 585 55C 534 64! 501 52? 54? 719
1937............. 1,003 1,062 1,079 1,02? 972 835 712 57! 40? 361 355 413
1938........— 530 69! 723 667 607 54? 51f . 47? 431 369 34! 400
1939............ 564 659 651 62£ 62G 622 601 55G 402 400 383 473
1 0 4 0 646 775 837 831 765 726 727
Frozen fish:1
1930............. 64,031 45,129 31,27( 26,102 34,25( 46,23C 62,551 76,07( 84,69! 80,145 92,702 94,60S
1937............ 87,576 69.02! 51,58} 42,957 40,581 48,17? 59,33( 66,204 69,321 72,36( 78,102 79, 891
1038______ 73,12? 62,184 45,00: 37,361 45,981 55,03£ 06,71( 75,882 84, 637 85,066 03,02' 00, 711
1939............ 77,08f 62,25! 40,422 29,75f 35.205 46,965 59,04C 72, 70! 79,38? 83,296 84,675 92,431
1040 78,563 62,625 45, 592 34,835 33, m 45,473 62,062
Lard:
1036............ 52, 71$ 75,06! 78,725 76,814 83,615 96, 65! 100,774 117,02! 110,501 101,796 94,74? 108, 705
1037............. 145,80i 182,70( 202,47( 217, 227 200,44' 194,477 185,12' 156,05! 118,00' 72, QU 39,477 33, 006
1938............ 53,69* 90,31? 116,97! 121, 31! 121, SQC 123, 581 126,066 123,077 116,62( 80,94! 67, 667 74, 499
1939............ 107,421 132,07! 125,281 120,252 129,53? 139,336 148,377 139,815 110,37? 78,79d 68,73? 88,955
1940............ 162,105 202,175 256,640 268,777 266,052 288,937 306,774
i Frozen eggs may be converted to cases on the basis of 35 pounds to a case.
>Holdings of frozen fish are for the 15th of each month.
Source: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural
Statistics, and records.

DAIRY PRODUCTS 6 9 1
No. 6 6 7 .— M ilk a n d B t j t t e b — P r o d u c t i o n , b y S t a t e s : 1924 t o 1935
MILK PRODUCED ON FARMS
(THOUSANDS OF GALLONS)
BUTTER MADE (THOUSANDS OF POUNDS)
DIVISION AND
STATE On farms In factories
19241 1929 1934
1924 1929 1934 1925 1929 1935
United States. 9,198, 304 11,052,023 10, 666,065 642,803 542,064 658,649 >1,453,483 >1, 615,688 21,050,757
402,706 416,804 419,234 18,196 ia 70s 10,691
M aine............ 70,949 71,101 60; 701 9,241 8,188 8,720 426 (*) «
N. Hampshire. 38,149 40,680 42,028 2,470 3,708 1,324 ■m » (*)
Vermont......... 127,957 139,076 139,509 3,402 2,218 1,662 10,588 5,187 2, 618
Massachusetts. 86,675 86,421 86,760 1,456 818 621 2,408 1.230 3, 588
Rhode Island. 13,604 14,890 14,468 132 53 62 m m M
Connecticut— 65,631 64,137 68,788 1,494 657 603 m m >
Middle Atlantic, 1, 264,602 1,362,227 1,846,969 63, 546 33,116 25,471 21.209 80, 096
Now York___ 741,983 800, 524 782, 520 22.306 13, m 30,071 18,237 9,355 13, 316
New Jersey... 76,245 81,773 92,101 045 579 460 m m , W
Pennsylvania. 446,273 479,931 472,343 30,494 18, 542 14, 340 11,474 11,854 10,780
E. N, Central___ 2,614,917 2,983, 768 2,912, 724 87, 892 54,995 56,784 446,414 436,237 463,868
Ohio................ 425,834 454,117 459,14C 23,30S 14, 501 15,763 85,030 89,360 85,162
Indiana_____ 270,963 882, 183 328,446 14,172 8,754 0,817 54,96fl 50,608 72,041
Illinois............. 435,133 506, 374 534, 997 22,889 16,313 15, 525 03,750 73,887 78,680
Michigan........ 424,236 449,756 446,584 20,350 12,414 12,344 71,867 61,070 73,821
Wisconsin....... 1,058,751 1,241, 338 1,145, 667 7,172 3, 013 3,336 170,202 155,306 159,165
W. N. C entral... 2,276,079 2,919,837 2,612,130 124, lie 94, 491 90,808 694,199 834,724 808,736
Minnesota___ 063,038 826,441 751,130 16,826 10, 246 10.75C 287,561 288,030 280, 270
Iowa................ 615,909 647, 224 027; 374 23,328 14, 670 12,717 168,359 213,731 216,235
Missouri......... 273,956 369,134 331,385 25,037 20,997 21,456 62,606 86,061 87,643
North Dakota. 109,037 227,819 180,919 14,778 13,361 12,804 32,682 38.055 42, 550
South Dakota, 172,968 231,187 143, 090 10,926 0,315 7,040 29,203 40,894 35,044
Nebraska........ 197,001 292, 038 275,837 15,037 13,060 12,806 S3,694 106,199 78,715
Kansas............ 261,969 826,103 802,389 17,293 12,827 12,666 50,094 60,304 70, 270
687 848 644. 881 R7Rr Rfifl 108 097 105.807 112,686 18,985
Delaware____ 13,037 14, 757 14,099 812 480 326 P) (>)
Maryland....... 74,043 87, 786 87,378 6,255 3,026 3,083 f ,1s8 1,570
Dist. of C o l... 481 504 624 5 3 1 t (*)
Virginia........... 127,447 145,525 145,003 24,232 22, 910 22,411 4,613 5,497 6,147
West Virginia. 76,021 83.868 87,318 16,055 12,074 ' 12,514 689 466 693
N, Carolina—„ 108,152 119,993 138,121 26,300 20,158 30,717 1,592 2,230 2,329
S. Carolina__ 49,982 52, 626 57,798 12,556 13,538 11,872 307 459 785
Georgia......... 98,822 113, 640 119,071 22, 277 26,691 29,040 f 2.158 2,219
Florida_____ _ 19,266 26,284 29,387 1,544 1,788 2,172 1 1,001 242
E. S, Central___ 499,812 640, 007 058, 306 107,269 107,013 120,250 89, 942 46, 992 45,468
Kentucky____ 165,921 210,024 196,110 28, 595 22,886 24,349 14,011 20, 633 22,119
Tennessee....... 148,759 181, 790 187,861 32, 461 29,831 32, 825 12,396 17,207 15,054
Alabama____ 95,366 123, 549 134, 424 27,705 32, 004 36,872 1,339 2,154 1,528
Mississippi__ 89,567 130, 644 139, 911 18,498 21,832 20,204 5,696 6,938 6,707
W. S. Central—. , 688,777 848, 817 849,021 109,161 109, 665 111,358 32,201 50,250 77,222
Arkansas____ 98,769 128, 569 132, 708 23,962 23, 999 20,558 f 2,985 5,397
L ouisiana..... 37,870 58, 200 64, 246 4, 319 5,810 6,600 \ 758 1,240
Oklahoma___ 177,597 249, 253 242, 494 25,519 21,734 22,374 10,439 27,510 41,999
Texas............ 274,541 412, 708 409, 573 55,361 58,016 55,817 14,777 24,997 28,580
Mountain____ _ 802,431 409, 473 432, 133 21, 709 16, 645 18,168 05, 619 79,680 71,243
Montana__ _ 73,185 87, 378 70, 828 5,416 4, 503 4,832 14,747 13,975 10,225
Idaho_______ 78,505 104, 607 100,989 3, 062 2,450 3,120 16,468 23,571 28,487
Wyoming___ 24,318 32,876 29,526 1,760 1, 364 1, SBC 2,194 2,804 1,993
Colorado____ 06,649 121,906 106,820 6,245 3,579 4,141 19,284 22,020 16,622
Now Mexico., 19,027 24,491 22,676 1,707 1,321 1,702 349 566 1,227
Arizona_____ 18,416 21,005 24,782 761 611 798 1,828 2,613 1,900
U tah............... 40,847 65,039 52,524 2,913 1,762 1,797 8,130 11,793 8,071
Nevada_____ 11,483 12; 108 11,988 244 176 213 2,510 2,278 1,469
Paciflo__ ;_____ 622,878 761, 011 756, 859 12. 835 7,670 12,043 127,039 121,702 127,470
Washington__ 169,846 180,104 185,807 5,090 3,196 5,604 29,470 28,695 36,747
Oregon--------- 112,218 135,377 133,237 3,901 2,529 3,328 23,007 23,826 29,250
California____ 340,309 445, 630 437,816 3,844 1,944 3,051 74,562 69,181 62,404
1Including estimates tor incomplete reports.
>The totals include the following quantities not shown separately by States: 1025—1,038,000 pounds,
reported by New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Oonneoticut, New Jersey, and Delaware; 1029—403,000
pounds, reported by Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Delaware; 1935—474,000
pounds, reported by Maine, Connecticut, Delaware, and District of Columbia, See also footnote 3.
* Withheld to avoid disclosing, exactly or approximately, production reported by individual establishments.
t No factory production reported.
Source; Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1936, Vol, III, except data for
factories, which Is published in reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.

6 9 2 FARM ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS
N o. 6 6 8 .— W ool'— P r o d u c t io n , I m p o r t s, a n d E x p o r t s : 1830 t o 1939
N ote.—All figures in thousands of pounds. Production, except census data, is estimated and is for calendar
years; figures for 1009 and later years have been revised because nf revised estimates for numbers of
sheep, based on 1035 census data. Pulled wool is included beginning 1000 and was probably included
for 1870 to 1899, though the exact basis of the estimates for these years is not known. Figures for 1839, 1849,
and 1859 include only fleece. Exports and imports for 1839 are for the fiscal yoar ended Sept. 30; for 1849,
and 1859, fiscal years ended June 30; subsequently, calendar years. Imports and foreign exports prior to
1914 and domestic exports for all years include hair of the Angora goat, alpaca, and other like animals
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Production
EXPORTS
Imports U.S.production
Foreign
1839 35,802 7,925
119
1849.................. 82,517 17,869 160 47
1889.................. 60,265 24,471 1,707 41
1870_________ 162,000 54,450 40 1,900
1871-1880____ 186,275 07,789 158 4,099
1881-1890____ 280,700 95,747 326 4.190
1891-1895 ___ 309,409 156,736 1,596 3,726
1898-1900 - __ 271,835 172,448 2,712 5,905
1901-1905......... 298,713 181,049 237 3,250
1905-1910 ___ 311,564 203,995 140 4,929
1911-1915......... 309,223 240,993 '2,857 3,522
1916-1920____ 294,545 399,980 3,568 4,270
1921-1925____ 283,053 334,158 690 12,779
1920-1930 — 364,282 248,762 300 6,664
1931-1935____ 432,050 134,780 122 2; 270
1896_________ 272,476 159,770 8,483 6.512
1897_________ 259,153 356,839 1,055 2,184
1898_________ 266,721 99,850 91 4,592
1899_________ 272,191 105,868 3,511 13,402
1900_________ 288,637 139,908 422 3,046
1901_________ 302,502 124,064 97 3,326
1902________ 316,346 176,293 446 3,212
1903_______ - 287,450 173,594 384 3,267
1904________ 291,783 186,578 184 2,165
1905________ 295,488 246,821 72 4,278
iooo________ 298,915 106,844 351 4,412
1907________ 298,295 188,306 86 3,109
1908________ 311,138 142,659 169 6,985
1909.............. 351,179 312,131 46 1,084
1910............... 345,834 180,135 a 48 9,055
YEAR
Imports
EXPORTS
Production
U.S.production
Foreign
1911_________ 342,552 155,923 m 3,511
1912.............. 319,380 238,118 m 1,816
1913.................. 309,388 151,814 1 7 7 3,860
1914------------- 293,621 256,501 *336 0,342
1915.................. 281,175 402,611 > 8,158 2,081
1916-................ 287,637 442,050 3,919 2,128
1917................ 276,914 416,137 1,827 1, 272
1918.................. 295,993 447,426 407 462
1919.................. 318,391 438,782 2,840 5,134
1920-................ 293,788 254,905 8,845 12,393
1921.................. 290,223 310,006 1,927 1,552
1922.................. 2 7 0 ,3 6 7 306,538 453 4, 225
1923.................. 272,668 388.345 5 3 5 23,557
1924.................. 282,005 262,665 309 27,476
1925.................. 300,003 336,046 273 7,087
1026.................. 318,861 299,451 292 14, 082
1927.................. 339,504 264,507 323 10, 710
1928.................. 366,720 240,300 485 4 , 4 3 5
1929.................. 382,295 277,214 230 2,380
1930.................. 414,029 162,482 102 1,715
1931................. 442,401 157,800 274 1,089
1032------------ 418,090 60,310 179 3,693
1933................ 438.362

WOOL 693
No. 6 7 0 .— W o o l— E s t im a t e d P r o d u c t-to n a n d W e i g h t p e r F l e e c e , b y
S t a t e s : 1932 t o 1939
N o t e .—Only States with a production in 1938 or 1939 of over 2,300,000 pounds are shown separately
STATE
PRODUCTION IN THOUSANDS OP POUNDS
1932 1933 1934 1S35 1936 1937 1938 1930
Average
weight
per
fleece1
(pounds)
1930
Shorn wool, United
States total_____ 350,906 374,152 370,329 864,663 360,327 366,600 371,972 377,397 8.0
New York.......... 2,736 2,701 2,738 2,528 2,318 2,518 2,304 2,301 7.4
Pennsylvania... 3,105 3,293 3,255 3,192 3,108 3,192 3,008 2,842 7.5
Ohio_________ 17,536 18,450 19,338 19,986 18,800 18,450 17,753 18,003 8.1
Indiana_______ 5,256 5,183 5,362 6,729 5,215 5,288 4,900 5,092 7.5
Illinois________ 6,107 6,461 5.168 5,625 5.257 5,366 5,419 5,776 7.8
Michigan______ 8,610 8,400 8,424 8.508 8,492 8,840 8,031 8,448 8.1
Wisconsin.......... 3,145 2,993 2,960 3,049 3,012 3,097 2,970 2,918 7.6
Minnesota......... 6,638 6,814 7,137 7,099 7, 200 8,066 7,800 7,840 8.0
Iowa.-________ 8,385 7,979 8,813 9,040 9, 025 9,000 9,701 9,875 7.9
Missouri............. 7,229 7,733 8,190 8.869 7, 989 a, 673 8,635 9,387 6.8
North Dakota.. 7,636 7,058 7,056 6,856 6, 582 6,132 6,137 6,403 8.7
South Dakota... 8,768 9,200 10,080 9,217 10,248 7,947 9, 055 10, 287 9.0
Nebraska........... 2,314 3,191 2,730 3,029 2,776 2,403 2,456 3,157 8.0
Kansas................ 3,154 3,388 3,419 3,962 3, 046 3,148 3, 560 3,753 8.2
West Virginia--. 2,994 3,021 2,907 2,882 2, 670 2,060 2, 515 2, 564 5.2
Kentucky........... 4,375 4,400 4,061 5,109 4. 858 5,222 5,309 5,681 5.4
Texas.................. 57,106 74,800 60,864 59,220 04, 206 76,835 70, 305 77,290 7.9
Montana.......— 32,638 33,370 36,472 32,712 29, 351 24,892 25, 245 26,885 9.5
Idaho.................. 16,600 17,372 18,445 18,567 17,000 18,820 17, 403 16, 606 0.2
Wyoming........... 81, 513 29,808 33,212 30,153 20,952 30,301 31,389 32, 932 9.7
Colorado............. 12,320 12,774 13.122 12,210 13, 002 13,243 12,802 13,244 8 .1
Now Mexico___ 16,884 17,430 17,136 16,030 15, 004 15,304 15, 400 15,168 7.1
Arizona_______ 5,220 4,988 4,980 4,770 4,630 5,050 5,040 4,866 6.3
Utah................... 18,840 19, 900 20,856 19,125 19, 488 19,221 19,009 10,444 8.7
Nevada.............. 6,783 6, 591 6,384 6,250 6, 318 0,878 5,920 6,080 8.0
Washington....... 5,500 5,680 6,002 6,556 0,119 5,810 5.905 6,074 9.3
Oregon................ 18,144 18,785 19,836 19,088 17,957 17,501 17,490 16,901 8.9
California_____ 24,210 24,032 21,870 26,402 20,897 26,962 28,237 29,132 7.1
Other States___ 8,371 8,344 8,300 8,650 7,083 7,929 8,149 8,398 5.0
Pulled wool *......... 67,100 64,200 00,600 66,000 66,200 66,200 64,500 64,500
I In States whore sheep are shorn twice a year, principally Texas and California, figures cover wool per
head ol sheep and lamb shorn and not weight per lleece.
1 Estimated from returns of plants pulling from 80 to 90 percent of all wool.
No. 671.— W o o l C o n su m e d in M a n u p a c t u b e s : 1919 t o 1939
[All figures in millions and tenths of millions of pounds]
SCOUKED BASIS 1
QUEASY SHORN
BASIS 3
SCOURED BASIS 1
GREASY SHORN
BASIS s
YEAH
Total
A p -
parel
class3
Carpet
olass
Apparel
class3
Carpet
class
YEAR
Total
Apparel
class i
Carpet
class
Apparel
class >
Carpet
class
1919................ 320.1 283.1 40.0 563.7 63.9 1930_______ 263.2 200.7 02.5 447.9 85.6
1920.............. 314.2 264.3 49.9 510.9 60.3 1931............... 311.0 237.7 73.3 546.2 103.2
1021................ 343.4 299.7 43.7 597.4 60.7 1032............... 230.1 188.5 41.6 439.8 58.6
1922................ 406.5 312.8 93.7 640.4 130.1 1933_............. 317.1 246.5 71.6 672,2 100.8
1923................ 422.4 311.3 111.1 003.1 152.2 1934_______ 229.0 107.0 02.1 381.4 88.7
1 0 9 4 342.2 249.7 92.6 518.0 126.7 1935............... 417.5 310.0 08.5 748.4 141.7
349.9 251.7 98.2 625.2 134.5 1936............... 406.1 200.-8 106.3 666.4 152.6
1926 ............... 342.7 254.7 8S .0 624,1 120.6 1937 3 8 0 .8 274.2 106.6 679.6 152. 7
1927..................... 354.1 258.7 95.4 551.1 130.7 1938 (prel.).. 2 84.5 219.6 64.9 514.0 93.0
1928 ... 333.2 232.4 100.8 611.9 138.1 1930 (prel.)-. 306. 5 203.1 103.4 673.8 149.0
1929 .. 308.1 258.2 114.9 054.7 “157.4
1“Scoured" wool plus “greasy” wool reduced to a scoured basis, assuming average yields varying with
class, origin, grade, and whether shorn or pulled.
• Shorn wool reported “greasy” plus pulled wool reported “greasy” raised to a greasy shorn basis, and
shorn and pulled wool reported “scoured” raised to a greasy shorn basis, conversion factors varying with
class, origin, grade, and whether shorn or pulled.
* Wool regarded as more or less suitable for apparel purposes; formerly “Combing and clothing.”
Souroes: Table 070, Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural
Statistics. Also published in Crops and Markets. Table 071, Departm ent of Commerce, Bureau
of the Census; annual reports.

6 9 4 I’ARM ANIMALS AND ANIMAL LkLdUCTS
No. 6 7 2 .— Animal P roducts— Chief Classes, by Quantity and Value and
Animals Slaughtered
'
PRODUCT
QUANTITY (THOUSANDS OF UNIT
SPECIFIED)
Unit 1933 1935 1937
VALUE (THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
1033 1935 1937
BUTTER, CHEESE, AND CON­
D EN SED MILE
B u tte r , c h e e se , co n d e n sed
m ilk , etc., a llin d u s trie s i_ _ .
B u tt e r .......................................................
C heese o th e r th a n N eu feh atel,
co ttag e, p o t, a n d b a k e rs '..........
C heese, co ttag e, p o t, N eufch atel,
a n d b a k e rs ’.....................................„
C o n d e n se d m ilk , sw e e te n e d ..........
C o n d e n sed a n d ev a p o ra ted m ilk ,
unsweetened........................
Condensed and evaporated buttermilk.
- ..................................
Concentrated skim milk lor stock
feed............................................
Powdered milk, cream, etc.........
S u g ar o f m ilk .........................................
Ice-cream mix..............................
Dried and wet casein..................
Whey products..........................
P o u n d .. 1,742,366 1,650,757 1,050,905
- . . d o ........
— do-----
— d o .........
— d o__ —
— do___
— d o ____
— d o ------
— d o____
— d o........
. . . d o ........
470,547
91,387
274,676
61.624
22,021
342,759
4,657
108,138
31.624
638,182
118,264
256,943
636,892
139,751
259,769
. . . d o ......... 1,831,584 2, 121,959 2, 270, 950
64,969 93,480
24,617 18,708
388,234 513,831
6,876 8.104
199,305 300,675
48,977 77,172
550, 835 743,668 884, 822
357,911 463,971 542,926
63, 532 95,333 106, 843
5,415
14,616
7,615
14,865
10,693
16,360
89,113 117,722 137,261
920 1,028 1,775
406
16,790
436
8,848
2,559
288
602
21,828
520
15,018
4,273
725
370
31,153
844
26,740
8, 359
1, 498
PRODUCT U n it 1931
1935 1937
1931 1935 1937
MEAT PACKING, WHOLESALE 2 3
Animals slaughtered;
Cattle................................... _
Sheep and Iambs......................
H o g s................................. ....
All products, total value
Frosh m eat.............................
Beef__________________
Veal....... ...................................
Mutton and lamb....................
Pork..........................................
Other, including edible organs,
etc..........................................
Cured meat...........................
B eef......................................
Pork........ ................................
Onokod bam ss 4 .....................
Canned meat, except sausage__
...d o___
Hn
...d o......
Caimed sausage..........................
Sausage (not canned), meat puddings,
headcheese, etc.2 3.......... ...d o___
Sausage casings2 °.......................
Lard......................................
Fertilizer materials...................... Ton
Cattle hides............................
Calf skins. .. ______ .
Number
Other hides and skins................. — do......
Pound..
Pickled sheep and lamb skins.. _
W ool7......................
All other products.
0,308
5,504
20,445
49,425
35
9.888,653
4,552,908
530,366
771,578
3,467,078
566,723
3,234,910
71,340
3,026,928
136,838
91,408
13,455
795,204
1,749,798
99,192
115
512,600
67,306
14,889
181
23,371
43,930
11,323
6,751
10,681
31,790
42
8,807,523
4,746,612
661,616
766,667
2,065,469
567,158
2,130,461
63,037
1,968,107
108,317
182,632
19,146
825,408
916,646
73,911
87
573,430
74,268
13,778
186
29,109
41,727
12,379
7,588
19,725
37,120
35
9,966,370
5,235,564
778,777
775,211
2,519,147
647,677
2,388,831
71,426
2,183,191
334,215
240,767
26,604
988,969
1,034,928
77,837
35
629,271
80,516
14,932
166
31,127
4 0 ,4QQ
2,180, 823 2, S02, 309 3 ,787, 358
1,177,080 1,147,870 1,41.8. 730
543,565 575,341 710, 531
67, 040 80,191 105. OSfl
116,747 113,008 128,270
403, 901 328,618 415,526
45,218 50,712 50, 316
401,021 440,990 503, 881
13, 235 11,901 15JD19
410,534 393,507 442, 428
37,252 35,581 46.435
21,180 34.958 6 48,183
2,450 4,555 5,715
125,320 140,420 174,935
8,967 13,560 16,144
149,492 128.815 126,331
5,690 7,052 8,479
2,883 2,315 1,306
37,688 52,733 81,777
7,093 10, 463 15,280
8,301 14,005 20, 074
174 232 180
1,002 3,379 6, 570
12,547 15,010 23,396
158,347 343,891 330,370
1 In c lu d e s b esid es p ro d u ctio n in th e b u tte r, cheese, a n d c o n d e n sed -m ilk in d u s trie s , d a ta to r s im ila r
p r o d u c ts m a d e m esta b lish m e n ts classified in o th e r in d u s trie s . ’
3 D a ta re la te to th e M eat-P a ck in g in d u s try o n ly .
! P 0I? ^ F a^ ^ a)(Lar0 n o t av a ilab le for 1933; see th ir d p a ra g ra p h of g eneral n o te , p . 802
•HIMs ilt n m
of cooked h a m s v a lu e d a t *7,356,000, in 1935, 105,670,000 p o u n d s v a lu e d a t
J ® 6; 0? 0', ,1? m 1937’ 78,921,000 p o u n d s v a lu e d a t $23,053,000 w ere p ro d u c e d in o th e r in d u s trie s ,
v a lm d atn $1rW3” oro0anned p ro d u o ed in th o F o o d R e p a r a tio n s N o t E lse w h o ro C la ssified i n d u s tr y ,
„ . l 'P,.r i d Voti0 P in tdl6 s “ p 8 0 . M e a t P u d d in g s , H ead ch e ese, E tc ., a n d S au sag e C asin g s in d u s tr y a n d
l h ? L n«1;,*R01? w 'n m as f5 n ?Wi,: F o r 'P 31' sau sag e (n o t ca n n e d ), m e a t p u d d in g s , e tc ., 421,670,000 p o u n v a u o d a t $69,757,000, a n d sausage casings v a lu e d a t $4,538,000; for 1935, sau sag e e tc 508 497 TOO o n u n d s
v a lu e d a t $88 035,000, a n d sausage casings v a lu e d a t $9,827,000 a n d , fu rth e rm o re , sa u sa g e a n d sa u sa g e c a sin g s
*l7o
&11U,
w
199,000,
iF om 0
a
nild
n d sausage
snm o atl

38. FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
[In general, data in this section other than on foreign trade relate to oontinental United States, while foreign
trade statistics represent the trade of the customs area (see note, table 645). Any exceptions are noted.
For weights of the units of measurement for the principal products, see Appendix, p. 026]
No. 6 7 3 .— C h o p P r o d u c t i o n — I n d e x e s f o r I m p o r t a n t C r o p s : 1919 t o 1939
TEAR 22
PRODUCTION AS PERCENT OF 1023-32 (PRE­
DROUGHT) AVERAGE 1
Held
o ro p s >
18 vegetables
8 for
p ro c ­
essing 1
17 for
m a r ­
k e t 8
13
fru its3
53
crops
TEAR 22
PRODUCTION AS PERCENT OF 1923- 32 (FRE-
PROUGIIT) AVERAGE 1
Add
crops 1
18 vegetables
8 for
processing
1
17 for
market
8
13
fruits3
53
crops
Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent
1919.... 98.3 73.4 50.2 74.7 95.0 1930....... 04.1 131.6 116.7 108.7 96.1
1920.... 107,7 75.6 64.3 89.9 104.9 1631....... 103.0 01,3 115.6 116.8 106.1
1921___ 91.8 60.0 68.2 57.8 88.0 1032....... 101. fl 73.3 118.8 100.0 101.8
1922.... 90.4 SO. 7 71.8 95.8 95.6 1033....... 87.1 79.8 107.7 98.2 88.4
1923.... 96.9 85.8 68.4 97.2 96.1 1934....... 67.0 98.6 123.0 102.8 71.5
1924.... 96.5 94.5 82.5 88.3 95.5 1035....... 02.5 120.7 120.3 112.4 95.0
1925.... 106.8 128.8 88.4 88.1 99.7 1036....... 76.0 124. 5 127.5 98.7 70.4
1920___ 100.8 05.8 92.3 115.1 101. 7 1037....... 109.8 146.3 130.0 138.5 112.8
1927 . 101.1 86. 0 101.9 83. 9 09.7 1038....... 102. 2 141,1 138.0 125.Q • 305.3
1928 104.4 __________ 95.1 101.2 114.5 105.1 1030....... 09.5 120.2 143.0 137.4 103.7
1929 99.7 __________ 117.3 114.2 80. 6 90.2
i Relative production as Indicated by multiplying tlie production of the orops of each year by the 1927-32
average prices and dividing the aggregate for each year hy the average aggregate for the same crops during
tho 1923-32 (predrought) period.
1Corn, oats, barley, grain sorghums, wheat, ryo, buckwheat, rieo, flaxseed, cotton, tame hay, wild hay,
sweet sorghums for forage and hay, dry edible beans, soybeans for beans, peanuts, potatoes, sweetpotatoes,
tobacco, sorgo sirup, sugarcane, and sugar beets.
3 Apples (commercial only), peaches, pears, grapes, plums, prunes (tresh basis), oranges, grapefruit,
lemons, apricots, strawberries, cranberries, and olives.
* Asparagus, snap beans, cabbage, sweet com, cucumbers, peas, spinach, and tomatoes.
“Asparagus, snap beans, cabbage, cantaloups, carrots, cauliflower, celery, cucumbers, lettuce, onions,
peas, spinach, tomatoes, watermelons, boots, eggplant, and peppers. Production of farm gardens, homo
gardons, and most of market gardens excluded.
No. 6 7 4 .— A c r e a g e L o s s e s — E s t i m a t e d A c r e a g e s o f C e r t a i n C r o p s
P l a n t e d a n d n o t H a r v e s t e d : 1919 t o 1939
Note.—Acreage in thousands. Figures do not show total crop losses chiefly because or large acreage of
hay land which produced only pasturage in some dry seasons and because of incomplete estimates on
losses of sorghums, rye, and other crops. Acreage excludes incidental abandonment resulting from hail,
local overflow, poor soil, neglect, etc. Small grains harvested as hay, and corn which was salvaged as
fodder or silage or by hogging or grazing, aro included In harvested acreage
YEAR
Total,
except
potatoes
Corn,
all
Spring
Winter
w heat1
wheat,
all
Oats
Sugar
beets!
Barley
Flaxseed
Cotton
3
Beans,
dry,
edible
Potatoes
1919 — 087 2,753 307 198 1,667 44
1920 — 5 096 ‘ 623 98 106 1,464 42
1921 2*319 796 37 67 1,038 40
1022 — 5)700 12 76 815 98
1923 6) GOG 894 30 75 1,450 48
1Q94 5.285 Afift 3) 220 23 53 107 35 120 1,189 79
1925 11.622 R9. 8) 958 837 51 134 78 133 1,582 167
1926 8', 110 208 3,007 1,089 1,089 879 187 69 l) 231 360
1927 . - 7,709 103 5) 939 04 180 48 56 35 l) 129 126
1928 13’ 865 63 11, 578 348 114 93 91 54 I) 303 221
1929.......... g; 087 93 2', 773 735 205 501 314 84 1,216 76 22.3
1030_____ 7,098 348 3,063 573 260 234 686 45 885 104 40.3
1031____ 15,072 1, 557 2,109 0,118 1,413 1, 844 1,293 47 406 105 49.1
1032_____ 12,445 1,484 7.315 759 814 520 703 48 603 190 04.3
1033.......... 40, 610 2,504 14,173 4,874 3, 645 3, 707 471 53 U0,865 161 55.3
1934_____ 43, 302 7,452 9, 947 10,215 8, 630 4,823 593 175 0P4 527 162.6
1035_____ 23,280 2, 568 13,062 4,316 850 709 206 46 554 210 51.4
1936.......... 44,030 7,570 12.078 12,783 5, 747 3,749 1,422 79 872 321 128.2
1037.......... 24,057 2,601 10,678 5,972’ 2,039 1,611 412 61 467 216 42.3
1038_____ 14,308 1,407 6,753 2,943 1,250 832 131 60 770 102 59.8
1939 ____ 18,613 2,698 8,502 1,638 2,442 1,946 186 73 878 190 37.1
1Acres sown tho preceding fall and not harvested, thus including considerable land subsequently planted
to other orops.
* Acreage omitted for some early spring abandonment.
3 Acreage losses prior to June 25 excluded from 1920 to 1026 and prior to July 1 thereafter.
1 Includes more than 10,000,000 acres plowed under.
* Preliminary.
Source of tables 673 and 674: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; published in
December issue of Crops and Markets.
695

N o. 6 7 5 - — C r o p s — A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t io n , a n d V a l u e , b y K i n d : 1909 t o 1934
N o t e .— Leaders indicate that data are not available. Tons are of 2,000 pounds
O i
cO
CD
ACREAGE (THOUSANDS)
PRODUCTION IN THOUSANDS OF UNITS INDICATED
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS
1909
1919 1939 1934
Unit 1919 1934
1919 1929 1934
All crops______ _____
Cereals_____________ —
Com harvested for grain.
W heat________________;____
Oats threshed for grain............
Barley.........................................
Rye..... ............................ ...........
Buckwheat________________
Emmer and spelt___________
Sorghums harvested for grain *.
Rice (rough)..—....................—
Mixed grains_______________
Other grains and seeds_____________________
Dry edible beans___ ________ _____ _____
Soybeans_____________________________
Cowpeas______________________________
Other dry peas....... ........... ..............................
Peanuts______________________________
Flaxseed____________ _________________
All clover seed_________________________
Alfalfa seed____________________________
Timothy seed_________________________
Millet seed__________________ __________
Other grass seed________________________
Miscellaneous grains and seeds___________
Hay and sorghums for forage________________
Hay______ ___*:______________________ _
Sorghums for forage (silage, hay, fodder)___
Corn cut for silage and root crops for forage______
Corn cat for fodder_______ ________________
Vegetables________________________________
Potatoes (Irish or white)...............................
Sweetpotatoes and yams.................................
Other vegetables 7............ ................................
Sugar crops................................. — ___________
Sugar cane 8..................—.................................
Sorghums grown for sirup—............................
Sugar beets for sugar____________________
Maple simp and sugar__________________
311,193
191,470
98.383
44,263
35.169
7, €
2,196
878
574
1.708
610
1348,549 >361,945 >298,642 14,754,978 8,077,812
219,138
87,772
73,099
37,991
6,473
7, 679
743
167
3,726
911
577
5,084 4,596
803 1,162
2 113
1,305
.870
2,083
866 [
1,125
1.261
21 70
»77,527
68.227 72,780
#4,175 ' 4,747
4,092
— 14,503
7,073 5,479
3.660 3.252
64] 803
2,763 1,424
477
326
373
482
360 636
202,218
83,161
62.000
33,466
12.891
3,033
622
344
3. 522
741
2,438
13,313
* 1,746
4 1.962
4 775
4 256
4 1.559
2,966
2,518
525
454
34
346
178
72,184
67.828
4,356
4,020
6.264
6,466
2,944
650
2,812
291
136
644
141,234
62,247
41,943
24,589
1,914
2,370
706
1,272
41,488
4 5, 692
4 2, 711
Bnshel.
_do....
...do....
_do._
_._do__
___do__
— do__
__do__
___do__
...d o__
Bushel..
...do___
...do____ \
...do........ /
42,016
.do—
998 .do___
__________ do.......
________— do___
__________ do.......
__________ do___
....................do___
.do.
76,534
68,625
7,909
Ton.
_do.
...do.
...do.
...do.
3,582 B ushel-
967 __do—
3,774 ................
414 T o n ._ ..
Gal........
Ton.___
}
4,513,398
2,552,190
683.379
L 007,143
173,344
29,520
14,849
12,703
18,431
21,839
11,251
17
19,416
19,513
1,020 \
263 1
2,879
588
1,915
87,216
110,539 [
389,195
59.232
6-240
16,532
3.902
4,682,784
2,345,833
945.403
1.055.183
122.025
75,992
12.690
2,608
73,654
35,331
14,065
14,079
1.085
5.743 [
27,450
6,653
2,044 [
2,587 L
1,311
* 98,269
90.356
7,913
30,281
17,794
290.428
78,092
3,545
21,523
5.993
4,390,013
2,130,752
800,649
992,747
263.590
34,303
8.359
6,233
49,080
33,469
70,831
20,354
8,661
3,274
3,2S1
36,588
15,046
4,042
939
1,396
449
1.831
91,680
85.281
6,399
29,344
2,344,696
1,169,438
513,213
458,780
110,042
16,234
18,599
32,958
25,432
18,697
23.015
6| 182
44,260
5,598
69,537
62.084
7,453
322.416 403,420'
65.193 77,983
(») 4,839
8,2 9 4 __________
7,135 7,319
6,943,836
3,507,797
2.074.079
855.256
1 6 0 .4 2 7
116.538
19.715
3,700
92,524
97,196
16,605
}
}
273, 765
61. 795
4.450
20.791
62,752
29.361
55, 417
13, 674
3,683
8,070
13,772
®2,066,003
1-953,149
112,854
250,112
206,935
1,298,721
639.441
124,844
534,436
162,439
59.500
24,506
66,052
12.381
3,170,692
1,635,910
838,506
410,167
140,982
29,343
8,023
2,726
32,640
32, g33
39,462
284,194
77,098
14,446
f 7,366
\ 7,444
28,433
43,105
31,137
11,314
2,788
424
2,881
7,758
1,043,180
988,437
54,743
143,026
1,764,071
962,549
440,603
215,907
74,071
11,782
17,360
25, 530
16,269
39,419
23,210
9,103
9,531
935,495
862,064
73,431
1,004,568 _________
414,833 192,469
67, 725 63,067
522,010 ..............
86,903 _________
23,333 19,190
7,341 _________
51,037 37,105
5,192 _________
FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS

267700'
C5
Other crops_________________
Tobacco___________ _____
Cotton including cottonseed.
Lint cotton__________
Cottonseed (estimated).
Broom corn______________
Hops.........._..........................
Miscellaneous crops_____ ;..
272
143
} 49
Blackberries and dewberries________ ____- 49
188
S3,730 35,977
1,295 1,861
32,044 33,740
326
45 16
53,058
1,888
43,228
1,237
26,754
312
23
« 33,546
387
243
574
Pound— 1.055.765
Bale
Ton___
Pound—
__do___
Quart__
227 __do___
— do .
„ do __
— do___
—.do___
— do___
— do___
” ’io~649
5.325
78.960
40,719
426,566
255,702
60,918 [
55,344 1
38,243
10.449
5,910
1.371,504
11.376
5.328
113.031
.19.761
324,989
176.932
49.210
12,123
39.945
35.260
7,615
3,904
1,456.510 1,021,449
14,574
6.915
95,196
31,237
475,071
330,872
53,730
8.292
38,583
30,393
4,689
8,512
44
12
3
Other berries____________________ ______ 5
24
Orchard fruits_______
Apples.................. -
Bushel.. 145,412 136,561 126,433 124,237
Peaches—_______
__do.— 35,470 50,686 42,827 44,748
Pears------- --------
__do___ 8,841 14,204 18,500 25,629
Plums and prunes.
__do.__ 15,480 19,084 20, OSS 23,297
Cherries________
__do___ 4,126 3,946 4,067 5,442
Pigs......................
Pound.. 35,060 26,877 133,645
A pricots...............
Bushel— 4,150 6,130 7,100
All other._______
...do___ 494 71 145
Grapes.. Pound— 2,265,065 2,516,840 3,883,397 3,730,286
Subtropical fruits_______
Oranges18................ —.
Lemons___________
Grapefruit (pomeloes).
All other___________
Ruts
Ṗecans_________________ __
Walnuts (Persian or English).,
Almonds...............................
C oconuts....______ _______
All other__________________
Box____
__do___
__do----
Pound—
...do___
...do-----
Number
Pound—
19,487
2,770
1,189
9,891
22,027
6,794
17
23,617
27,833
6,585
3,656
31,809
59,840
15,853
613
9,472
253,719
53,731 70,482
9,338 ________
8,722 19,495
26,151
78,160
9,403
1
699
2,820,168
443,705
2.355.169
2,007,430
347,739
7,945
10,365
2,984
61,732
36.004
11,596
1,790
7.118
3.168
1,422
604
433,910
241,574
95,570
26,440
40,984
14,166
2,812
12,223
141
95,586
112,057
83,663
19,102
7,177
2,115
29,714
7,792
17,916
3,963
1,739,543
265,887
1,458,435
1,248,663
209,772
5,676
3,749
5,796
216,672
66i,799
63,811
43,167 22,717
9,897
681
4,361
3>783
644
1,278
299,050
158,947 113,282
54,890 36,340
30,196 18.744
18,646 19,853
17,004 9,779
6,628
12,524
215
56,169 38,115
217,447 ......... ........
148,473 113,738
43,219 _________
22,732 19,693
3,023 ..................
19,230
4,404
12,489
2,257
43 (») 80
1 Excluding 14,502,932 acres reported for com cut for fodder, a large part of which is duplicated in the acreage shown tor corn harvested as grain.
J Including land in fruit orchards, vineyards, and planted nut trees (6,086,176 acres in 1929 and 6,220,679 acres in 1934) which was not reported in 1919; excluding acreage of annual
iftgmwftR saved for hay (3,067,710 acres in 1929 and 9,500,946 acres in 1934) which is practically all duplicated in the acreage shown for the various individual annual legumes grown alone.
* Published as “Kafir and mflo” prior to 1929; figures include sorghum seed.
* Acreage grown alone. Not all harvested for grain or seed as acreage also indudes that for hay and that which was grazed. Some gram or seed harvested from acreage
grown with other crops. 1 Does not include sorghum for silage. 8 Silage and miscellaneous forage crops. 7 The acreage for 1909 and the values for 1919 and 1929
represent farm gardens and vegetables harvested for sale. The acreage for 1919,1929, and 1934 represents vegetables harvested for sale only.
6 Prior to 1929, nominaUysugar cane either for sugar or sirup or both. Acreage includes sugar cane for seed and other purposes not specified where specific reports were available.
* The production for sugar or sale to mills was 2,992,000 tons and the production of sirup was 15,169,000 gallons. —
» Running bales. n Not comparable with earlier years. u Including tangerines in 1919 and tangerines, mandarins, etc., in 1929. B Less than $500. j g
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Agriculture Reports, 1935, Vol. m .
FARM CHOPS

6 9 8 FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS'
N o . 6 7 6 . — A g r i c u l t u r a l C o m m o d itie s— P r o d u c t i o n , b y C h i e f K i n d s :
1800 t o 1039
N ote.—D ata are for the crop or growth year. Blank lines indicate that data are not available. The
weight of a bushel of wheat is 60 pounds, a bushel of corn 60 pounds
Y E A R C o m Wheat
Bice1
(In terms
of cleaned)
Beet
(chiefly
refined)
SU G A R C O T T O N *
Dane
(chiefly
raw)
Banning
bales*
600-pound
bales*
Tobacco
1 ,0 0 0 i , m 1,000 1 ,0 0 0 1 ,0 0 0 1,000
b u sh e ls b u sh e ls p o u n d s p o u n d s p o u n d s T h o u s a n d s T h o u s a n d s p o u n d s
t » n n • 67,234 154 73
i s m •78,806 286 178
rso in 53,292 670 335
i s a o 81,352 1,026 732
i « 4 n . « 377,532 •84,823 84,253 • 120,851 1,635 1,348 » 219,163
m n « 592,071 •100,486 102,776 •247,677 2,464 2,136 » 199,753
« 838,793 • 173,105 100,279 274,726 3,849 3,841 A434,209
1870................. 1,124,775 254,429 54,889 7 896 178,304 4,352 4,025 345,045
1876...............- 1,450,276 313,728 83,861 7 224 172,480 4,631 4,302 609.455
1880.............. 1,706,673 502,257 111,869 *1,120 285,302 6,606 0,357 469,395
1886................. 2,067,807 399,931 160.195 1,344 302,754 6.576 6,360 610,500
1800................. 1,650,440 449,042 136,800 7,748 497,170 8,653 8,502 647,535
1895_____ . . . . 2,534,702 542,119 206,250 65.452 543,636 7,162 7,147 745,000
1896.................. 2,071,048 522,903 144,472 84,080 644,176 8,533 8,510 700,035
1897.................. 2,287,028 606,202 190,389 90,492 708,252 10,899 10,986 703,275
1898.............. 2,351,323 768,148 230,007 72,736 668,788 11,278 11,520 909,090
1899.................. 2,645,706 655,143 248,722 163,458 322,548 9,393 9,346 870,260
1900.................. 2,661,978 599,315 272,028 172,104 623,772 10,102 10,124 851,980
1001.................. 1,715,752 702,546 351,972 369,212 728,660 9,583 9,508 886,550
1902.................. 2,773,954 686,959 403,778 436,812 746,806 10,588 10,830 969, 505
1903.................. 2,516,003 663,115 530,222 481,208 666,140 9,820 9.851 976,375
1904.................. 2,680,624 655,571 533,778 484,226 829.900 13,461 13,438 856,596
1905.................. 2,054,148 706,026 445,500 625,842 781,204 10,495 10,676 038,866
1900.................. 3,032,910 740,509 493,750 967,224 544,320 12,983 13,274 972,510
1907.................. 2,613,797 628,764 570,417 927,266 788,480 11,068 11,106 885,620
1908................. 2,560,742 642,818 622,130 861,768 828,800 13,086 13,241 835,646
1909.................. 2,611,157 683,927 655,167 1, 024.938 • 663,452 10,073 10,006 1,053,818
1910................. 2,852,704 025,476 686; 972 1,020,344 • 070, OSO 11,608 11,000 1.142, 320
1911.................. 2,474,035 618,106 629,500 1,199,000 • 721,748 16,553 15,694 940,936
1012.................. 2,947,842 730,011 068,333 1, 385, 112 * 325,146 13,489 13,703 1,117,415
1913.................. 2,272,640 761,101 672,600 1,466,802 •601,07ft 13,088 14,153 901,005
1914................. 2,623,750 897,487 052,107 1,444,108 • 493,240 15,906 16,112 1,036,745
1916................. 2,829,044 1,008,037 726,194 1, 748,440 • 277,240 11, 068 11,172 1,157,42fi
1916.................. 2,425,206 634,572 1,008,444 1,641,314 8 621,800 11,364 11,448 1,206, 786
1917................. 2,908,242 610,790 964,278 1,530,414 8 491.680 11,248 11,284 1,325, 530
1918................. 2,441,249 904,130 1,111,056 1,521, 900 8 508,800 11,900 12,018 1,444, 605
1019.................. 2,078,541 052,097 1,101,972 1,462,902 • 250,000 11,326 11,411 1,444,200
1920.................. 3,070,604 843,277 1,434,667 2,178,000 * 360,000 13, 271 13,420 1,609, 212
1921.................. 2,928,442 818,964 1,090,944 2,040,000 • 808,000 7,978 7,946 1,004,928
1922.................. 2,707,806 846,649 1,157,306 1,860,000 • 604,000 9,729 9,755 1,254,304
1023.................. 2,875,292 769,482 923,278 1,762.000 >336,000 10,171 10,140 1,517,583
1924_________ 2,223,128 841,617 906,750 2,180,000 • 180,000 18,639 13,030 1,244,928
1925.................. 2,798,307 668,700 917,607 1,826,000 • 284,000 16,123 16,105 1,376,008
1920......... ........ 2.540,972 832,213 1,167,361 1,704,000 >06,000 17,756 17,978 1,289,272
1927........ ........ 2,616,120 875,059 1,236,028 2, 180,000 >144,000 12,783 12,966 1,211,311
1928.................. 2,665,516 914,373 1,217,611 2,122,000 8 272,000 14,207 14,477 1,373,214
1929.................. 2,621,032 823,217 1,098,167 2,036,000 >436,000 14,548 14,825 1, 632,025
1930......... ........ 2,080,421 886,470 1,248,028 2.416,000 •430,000 13,756 13,932 1, 048,229
1931.................. 2,575,611 941,674 1,239,250 2.312.000 •368,000 16,629 17,097 1.564.487
1932.................. 2,031,281 750,927 1,156,083 2,714,000 • 530,000 12,710 13,003 1,017,317
1933.................. 2.399,632 551,683 1,045,861 3,284,000 >600,000 12,664 13,047 1,371,131
1934_________ 1,461,123 526,393 1,084,639 2,320,000 • 534,000 9,472 9,636 1.081,029
1936________ 2,303,747 626,344 1,095,889 2,370,000 • 766,000 10,420 10,638 1,297,155
1936................. 1,607,089 626,768 1,383,889 2,008,000 >874,000 12,141 12,399 1,155,328
1937....... .......... 2; 651,284 875,076 1,482,556 2.576.000 •924.000 18,262 18,946 1,502.886
1938________ 2,562,197 931,702 1,458,500 3,370,000 •1,166,000 11,623 1 1 ,9 4 3 1.375,823
1 9 3 9 ......... 2,619,137 754,071 1,452,944 3,282,000 •1,014,000 11,481 11,817 1,848,654
* Figures for 1800 to 1003 represent commercial movement, as given by Dan Talmage’s Sons Oo.
1 Figures for the years 1810 to 1806 include linters; excluded in subsequent years.
* Beginning 1899, ginnings as reported by Bureau of the Consus. Figures for some years include small
amounts of Lower California, Mexico, cotton ginned in United States. Bound bales counted as half bales.
* Gross weight. Figures prior to 1899 compiled by Bureau of the Consus from data published by Department
of Agriculture. See also note 9, table 677, p. 701.
1 Exports.
* Census figures for the previous year.
' Figures shown for 1870, 1876, and 1880 represent the estimated average production for 1803-71,1874-77,
and 1880-82, respectively.
s Louisiana and Texas, 1900 to 1923; Louisiana only, 1924 to 1927; Louisiana and Florida, beginning 1928.
* All figures except cotton and sugar production are preliminary.
Source; Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service and Bureau of Agricultural Economics,
except as noted; annual report, Agricultural Statistics, Also published currently in CropB and Markets,

miTCIBAT, CHOPS 699
No. 677.— P r i n c i p a l C r o p s — A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t i o n , a n d V a l u e : 1860 t o 1939
N o t e .— Tons are of 8,000 pounds. For weights of the units of measurement for principal products, soe
Appendix, p, 920. The approximate weights of units of measurement for other products are as follows:
Number of pounds to a bushel—sweetpotatoes, 65; grain sorghums, 60 and 50; clover seed, 60. Number of
pounds to a barrel of cranberries, 100. Prices and yields for the periods are weighted averages except for
cotton and cottonseed, which are simple averages of prices and yields for the individual years. Acreage,
production, and yield of all crops except cranberries have been revised to census data
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Acreage
harvested
Production
Farm
value1
Corn
Yield
p e r
acre
Price* Acreage
harvested
Production
Farm
value1
W heat
Yield
p e r
acre
Price*
Cents
Cents
1,000 1,000 1,000 Bush- per 1,000 1,000 1,000 Bitsh- per
acres bushels dollars els bushel acres bushels dollars els bushel
18GG-1875__ 40,123 1,028,963 501,163 25.6 54.5 21,918 270,594 337,186 12.3 124.6
1876-1885__ 63,655 1,667.510 662,608 20.2 39.1 34,553 448,337 413,730 13.0 92.8
1886-1896__ 78,327 1,986,608 725,562 26.4 30.5 38,496 520.076 356.288 13.7 07.7
1896-1900... 01,253 2,623,556 711,708 27.7 28.2 47,258 630,364 413,035 13.3 66.7
1901-1905... 95,226 2,629,114 1.113.625 26.6 44.0 47,002 674,843 483,123 14.4 71.0
1006-1010... 97,894 2,735,480 1,451,311 27.9 53.1 46,105 664,299 570,902 14.7 87.3
1911-1015... 100,294 2.609,502 1,722,665 26.0 66.0 53,247 801,080 712,938 16.0 89.0
1916-1920... 102,631 2,704,768 3,347,828 26.4 123.8 59,485 790,773 1,526,204 13.3 193.0
1921-1925... 101,275 2,706,506 2,047,527 26.7 75.7 67,668 787,082 875,007 13.7 111.2
1926-1930... 99,483 2,486,012 1.922.449 25.0 77.3 00, 283 806,266 882,923 14.4 101.9
1931-1935... 102,322 2,334,270 1,142,729 22.8 49.0 51,917 680,604 406,922 13.1 59.8
1924_______ 100,420 2, 223,123 2.358,497 22.1 106.1 52. 463 841, 617 1,049,534 16.0 124.7
1025______ 101,331 2,798,367 1,957,239 27.8 69.9 52, 443 668,700 961,131 12.8 143.7
1920______ 99,462 2,546,972 1,896.252 25.6 74,5 60,616 832, 213 1.012.831 14.7 121.7
1927______ 08,357 2,616,120 2.222.649 26.6 85.0 59,628 875,059 1,041,512 14.7 119.0
1928______ 100.336 2,665,516 2,239,974 26.6 84.0 59,226 914,373 912,490 15.4 99.8
1929_______ 97,806 2,521,032 2,013,609 25.8 79.9 63,332 823,217 852,901 13.0 103.6
1930_______ 101,465 2,080,421 1,239,861 20.5 50.6 62, 814 886,470 594,874 14.2 67.1
1931 ...... 106,912 2,576,611 824,543 24.1 32.0 57.681 941,674 367,627 16.3 39.0
1939, 110, 577 2,031,281 930.063 26.6 31.0 57,839 756,927 289,096 13.1 38.2
1033______ 105,903 2,399,032 1,253.261 22.6 62.2 49,438 551,083 410,286 11.2 74.4
1934- 92,354 1.461.123 1,190,612 15.8 81.5 43,400 526,393 446,368 12.1 84.8
1035______ 95,804 2,303,747 1,509,147 24.0 05.5 51,220 626,344 621,233 12.2 83.2
193Q............ 03,020 1,507,089 1,573,865 16.2 104.4 48, 863 626,700 642.869 • 12.8 102.6
1937............. 93, 741 2,651,284 1,372,408 28.3 51.8 04, 422 875, 670 842,874 13.6 96.3
3038............. 92,222 2, 502,197 1,282,064 27.8 50,0 69,809 031, 702 522, 639 13.3 50.1
1930 (prel.)„ 88,803 2,610,137 1,464,300 29.5 55.0 53, 696 754, 071 521,948 14.1 09.1
Oats
1806-1875... 10,516 281,394 122,375 26.5 43.5 1, 589 17, 210 15,804 10.8 92.2
1876-1885... 17,964 494,612 158,927 27.6 32.1 1, 904 22,105 14,206 11.6 64.1
1886-1805... 28,113 753.240 215,501 20.3 28.6 2,160 27,208 14.095 . 12.0 54.0
1896-1000... 20,741 805,803 199,211 29.1 23.0 2, 202 20, 088 12.888 J2.9 44.3
1901-1905... 32,122 975, 626 315,133 30.4 32.3 2,323 30, 040 17,570 13.2 57.3
1006-1010... 34,809 954,648 383,119 27.4 40.1 2,166 29,137 20,309 13.5 69.9
1911-1915... 37,531 1,155,906 454,424 30.8 39.3 2,965 30, 714 29,709 13.4 74.8
LQ16-1920.. . 41,100 1,312,199 833,785 31.9 63.5 5, 455 65,481 90,048 12.0 147.6
1021-1025... 42,441 1,248,349 497,024 29.4 39/0 4,857 63,746 47,618 18.1 74.7
1026-1030... 40,267 1,189,359 •477,414 29.5 40.1 3,388 40, 830 30,709 12.1 75.2
1931-1035... 37,558 969,044 251,081 25.8 25.9 3,021 S3, 977 14,266 11.2 42.0
1024.............. 41,857 1,410,120 070,316 33.8 47.8 3,941 58,445 65,707 14.8 95.3
1925.............. 44,240 1,405,263 640,354 31.8 38.0 3,800 42,316 33,419 11.1 70.0
1020.._____ 42,854 1,152,911 463,577 20.0 40.0 3,419 34,860 28,928 10.2 83.0
1927_______ 40,360 1,003,221 515,279 27.1 47.1 3,468 61,070 42,648 14.8 83.5
1928............. 40,128 1.312.914 634,389 32.7 40.7 3,310 37,910 31,689 11.6 83.6
1929______ 38,153 1.113.050 465,740 29.2 41.8 3,130 35,282 30,241 11.3 85.7
1930_______ 39,850 1,274,698 410,086 32.0 32.2 3,621 45,068 20,030 12.4 44.6
1931______ 40,242 1,123.892 239,109 27.9 21.3 3,162 33,378 11,370 10.6 34.1
1932............. 41,703 1.250.055 195,826 30,0 15.7 3,351 39,424 11,093 11.8 28.1
1933_______ 36,632 733,166 245,332 20.1 33.5 2,418 21,418 13,434 8.9 62.7
1934.............. 29,455 542.306 260,660 18.4 48.0 2,035 17,070 12,263 8.4 71.8
1935_______ 39,831 1,194,902 314,579 30.0 26.3 4,141 58,607 23,171 14.2 30.5
1936.............. 33,370 785,606 352,614 23.5 44.9 2,774 25,319 20,485 9.1 80.9
1937............. 35,266 1,161,012 360,003 32.9 30.1 3,846 40, 830 34,157 13.0 68.5
1938............. 35,661 1,068,431 253,455 30.0 23.7 4,021 56,564 18,783 13.8 33.8
1939 (prel.)._ 33,070 937,215 291,294 28.3 31.1 3,811 39, 249 17,238 10.3 43.9
*Values are based on prices for crop-marketing season or Dec. 1 prices. See notes on "Price.”
>Received by farmers. Beginning 1908. prices are weighted average prices for the crop-marketing season;
prior thereto, Deo. 1 prices. Prices for 1937, 1938, and 1939 for corn and 1938 and 1939 for wheat include
unredeemed loans at average loan values.
Rye

7 0 0 I’ABM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
No. 6 7 7 .— P r i n c i p a l C ro p s — A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t i o n , a n d V a l u e :
1939— Continued
1866 t o
YEARLY1
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Farm
value1
Barley
Yield
per
acre
Acreage
harvested
Production
Acreage
Price3 harvested
Production
Farm
value 1
Buckwheat
Yield
per
acre
Price1
C e n ts
C e n ts
1,000 1,000 r o a o B u s h - p e r 1,000 1,000 1,000 B u s h - p e r
a cres bushels d o lla rs els b u s h e l acres b u sh e ls d o lla r s e ls b u s h e l
1 8 6 0 -1 8 7 5 .- 1,302 28,246 26,882 21.7 95.2 705 10,425 0,085 13.0 8 7 .1
3870-1885.— 2,236 50,303 31,000 22.5 61.0 816 10,442 6,849 1 2.8 0 6 .0
1886-1895-— 3,513 82,767 39,376 23.6 4 7.6 812 11,256 6,165 1 3.9 5 4 .8
1 8 9 6 -1 9 0 0 ... 4,308 102,595 37,485 23.8 3 6.6 814 12; 640 6,927 1 5.5 4 0 .9
1 9 0 1 -1 0 0 5 ... 0,981 151,417 65,069 26.3 4 3.0 819 14,888 8,804 1 8.2 5 9 .5
1 9 0 6 -1 9 1 0 ... 7,250 163,200 90,978 22.6 56.7 841 14,001 10,126 17.4 0 9 .4
1 9 1 1 -1 9 1 5 ... 7,552 177,102 101,301 23.5 67.2 778 12,927 9,837 10.0 7 6 .1
1 9 1 6 -1 M 0 ... 7,858 173,712 174,766 22.1 m o m 12,642 18,907 15.1 15D.0
1 9 2 1 -1 9 2 5 ... 7,210 160,478 93,507 22.3 58.3 707 12,052 11,283 17.0 9 3 .0
1 9 2 6 -1 9 8 0 ... 11,248 262,716 143,944 23.4 64.8 604 9,913 8,731 1 4.9 8 8 .1
1 9 3 1 -1 9 3 5 ... 10,506 210,785 77,227 19.0 30.0 430 8,164 4,180 1 7.0 5 1 .3
1924................. 7.038 165,318 122,090 23.5 7 4 .2 737 12,008 13,433 17.0 107.4
1925................. 8,180 192,400 118,191 23.6 61.4 742 12,559 10,950 10.9 8 7 .2
1926................. 7,917 160,030 96,071 21.0 57.9 679 10,976 9,565 1 6.2 8 7 .1
1 0 2 7 ............... 9,465 239,071 164,775 25.3 68.0 704 12,820 11,137 16.8 8 6 .9
1928................. 12, 735 328,361 180, 485 25.8 5 0.8 679 10,117 9,095 1 4.9 8 9 .9
1929................. 13, 620 279,924 150,782 20,7 53.9 627 8,092 8,367 13.9 9 0 .3
1930................. 12,595 300,205 121,609 23.8 4 0.5 673 0,960 5,-403 12.1 7 8 .9
1931.............- 11,180 199,891 05,306 17,8 32.8 005 8,800 3,704 17.6 4 2 .3
1932................. 13,178 293, 813 65,960 22.6 22.1 454 6,727 2,918 1 4.8 4 3 .4
1933................. 9, 087 153,767 66,879 15.9 4 3.5 462 7,844 4,380 17.0 6 5 .8
1 9 3 4 ............. 6,553 116,080 79,904 17.8 08.0 477 9,026 5,285 18.9 5 8 .6
1935................. 12,371 285,774 107,997 23.1 87.8 603 8,332 4,083 1 6.6 5 5 .0
1030................. 8,372 147,475 115,681 17.6 78,4 376 6.285 5,357 1 6 .8 8 6 .2
1037............... e .o o s 220,327 U S , 07B 2 2 .1 S 4 .0 426 0 ,7 0 1 4,525 1 5.9 0 5 .0
1938................. 10, 513 263,005 92,609 24.1 36.6 451 6,604 3,619 14.8 5 4 .4
1039 (p re l.) . , 12, 600 276,298 111, 159 21.9 40.2 370 6,739 3,601 15.1 6 2 .7
Bice, rough
Flaxseed
1 0 0 0 -1 9 1 0 ... 608 21,843 17,522 36.5 8 0.2 2,384 20,590 25,647 8 .6 124,0
1 0 1 1 -1 9 1 5 ... 077 24,031 21,320 35,5 8 8.7 2,041 17,197 25,443 8 .4 148.0
1 9 1 6 -1 0 2 0 ... 1,050 41,763 70,570 39.0 169.0 1,580 10] 136 30,897 6 .4 3 0 4 .8
1031-1925.-- 622 35,971 41,098 89.0 114.3 2,100 17,749 . 37,807 8.2 2 1 3 .0
1 9 2 0 -1 0 3 0 ... 068 42,904 40, 513 44.4 9 4.2 2,988 20,084 40,570 6 2 0 2 .0
1 0 3 1 -1 0 3 5 ... 853 40,470 25,928 47.4 64.1 1,770 10,070 13,061 6.7 129.7
1924................. 838 32,643 43,984 39.0 134,6 3,636 31,220 68,019 8 .8 217.9
1925................. 853 33, 030 49,017 38,7 148.4 3,022 22,334 50,575 7 .4 2 2 6 .4
1926................. 1, 016 42,020 47,513 41.4 113.1 2,736 18,531 37,653 0.8 2 0 3 .2
1927................. 1,027 44,497 40,413 43.3 9 0.8 2,703 25,174 48,472 9.1 192.5
1928________ 972 48,834 39,950 45.1 91.1 2,611 • 19,118 37,058 7.3 193.8
1929................. 800 39.534 39,474 46.0 90.8 3,049 15,024 4 4 ,7 7 1 5 .2 2 8 1 .2
1930................. 900 44,929 35,214 46.5 7 8.4 3,780 21,673 34,897 5 .7 101.0
1931................. 005 44,013 21,042 46.2 4 8.5 2,431 U , 766 13,713 4 .8 116.7
1932................. 874 41,619 17,410 47.6 4 1.8 1,988 11,611 10,144 5.8 8 8 .1
1933................. 798 37,651 29,248 47.2 77.7 1,341 6,904 11,225 5 .1 162.6
1934................. 812 39,047 30,854 48.1 7 9.0 995 6,661 9,620 6 .7 169.9
1935................ 817 30,452 30,479 48.3 77.3 2,096 14,620 20,605 6 .9 141.9
1936................. 981 40,820 41,567 50.8 83.4 1,126 5,273 10,002 4 .7 1 8 9 .7
1937................. 1,088 53,372 35,132 49.1 66.8 934 7,089 13,222 7 .6 186.5
1938____. . . . 1,076 52,500 33,714 48.8 64.2 936 8,102 12,965 8 .7 159.0
1039 (prel.). 1,030 62,306 40,424 50.3 7 7.3 2 ,2 S 1 20,330 29,706 8 .9 146.1
i Values are based on prices for crop-marketing season or Dec. 1 prices. See notes on "Price."
»Recoived by farmers. Prices are woighted average prices for the crop-marketing season as follows-'
Bariey, buckwheat, and faxseod, beginning 1008; rice, beginning 1934. Prices for prior years areas of*
Dec. 1.

PRINCIPAL CROPS 701
No. 6 7 7 .— P r i n c i p a l C r o p s — A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t i o n , a n d V a l u e :
1939— C ontinued
1866 t o
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Acreage
harvested
Production
Farm
valu e1
Potatoes
Yiold
per
acre
Price4 Acreage
harvested
Production
Farm
value 1
Sweetpotatoes
Yield
per
acre
Price1
Cents
Cents
1,000 1,000 1,000 Bush- per 1,000 i,ooo 1,000 Bush- per
acres bushels dollars els bushel acres bushels dollars els bushel
1866-1875— 1,488 129,276 81,370 86.9 6 2.9 &376 ‘ 20,170 »25,617 •7 7 .6 887. 6
1870-1885. 2,074 173,138 87,877 83.5 5 0 .8 464 35,6 2 5 *20,063 76.8 *54.0
1886-1805.— 2,636 214,022 102,644 81.2 4 8.0 526 4 4 ,4 4 8 7 22,071 84.5 7 61.0
1896-1800— 2,918 246,703 101,576 84.5 4 1.2 542 4 4 ,4 5 2 » 20,920 82.0 648.8
1 9 0 1 -1 9 0 5 ... 3,115 286,091 102, 270 91.8 5 0.7 565 62,815 30,841 93.5 58.4
1006-1910- — 3,466 342,440 205,664 08.8 6 0.1 615 69,337 41,248 06.5 60.5
1 9 1 1 -1 9 1 5 ... 3,473 349, 277 234,639 100,6 0 7.2 597 67,063 48,236 95.6 84.5
1 9 1 6 -1 9 2 0 ... 3,455 336,280 472, 615 97.3 140.5 736 71,6 3 3 99, 592 97.3 139.0
1 9 2 1 -1 9 2 5 ... 3,368 358,318 350,071 106.4 9 7,8 702 62,103 77,788 88.6 125.1
1 9 2 6 -1 9 3 0 ... 3,123 358,255 354, 157 114.7 0 8.9 664 62,661 71,270 04.2 113.0
1 9 8 1 -1 8 3 5 ... 3,513 379,068 201,988 107.9 53.3 943 77,829 53,601 82.1 68.9
1924................. 3,106 384,166 263,647 123.7 68.6 664 4 4 ,8 8 4 67,137 79.6 149.6
1925................. 2,810 296,466 505,460 105.5 170.8 636 60,1 3 9 82,757 78.8 165.1
1926................. 2,811 321,607 422,519 114.4 1 8 1 .4 646 63,3 0 0 74,305 08.1 117.4
1927................. 8,182 360,644 376.527 116.2 101.9 724 7 0 ,8 9 7 77,301 97.0 109.0
1928................. 3,490 427,249 223,471 122.1 6 2.3 630 6 9 ,1 7 8 69,814 03.0 118.0
1929................. 8,019 332.204 437,147 110.0 131.6 646 64,903 70,081 100.6 117.1
1030................. 3,103 340,572 311,120 109.8 0 1 .4 669 5 4 ,4 1 5 58,879 81.3 108.2
1031................. 3,407 384,125 176,489 110.8 4 5 .0 850 6 6 ,8 4 9 . 48,567 78.6 72.7
1932................. 3,549 370,425 141,944 106.1 3 7 .7 1,050 8 6 ,4 3 6 46,862 81.0 54.2
1933................. 3,412 342,308 281,825 100.8 8 2 .3 908 7 5 ,2 4 8 62,269 82.9 69.5
1034................. 3,697 406,105 180,941 112.9 4 4 .6 058 7 7 ,4 8 2 61,805 8 0.6 79.8
1935................. 3,541 380,380 228, 741 109.1 5 9 .2 969 8 3 ,1 2 8 58,501 86.8 70.4
1936................. 3,063 331,918 378,337 108.4 1 1 4 .0 822 64,144 59,705 78.0 93.2
1937________ 3,185 395,294 208,785 124.1 5 2 .8 840 7 5 ,0 5 3 61.800 8 9.3 82.5
1038................. 3,023 374,163 208,836 123.8 6 5.8 883 76,647 56,186 86.8 73.3
1939 ( p r e l.) .. 3,027 364,016 250,190 120.3 6 8 .7 862 72,679 54,974 84.3 75.6
1866-1875.
1876-1885.
1886-1896.
1896-1900.
1001-1905.
1006-1910.
1011-1915.
1016-1920.
1021-1925.
1026-1930.
1031-1935.
1024.
1926.
1926.
1927.
1928.
1920.
1030.
1931.
1,000
acres
9,046
15,147
20,016
24,426
28,041
31,057
33,640
33, 534
35,896
42,212
31,671
30,601
44,380
44,608
38,342
42,434
43,232
42,444
38,704
35.891
i* 29,383
26,866
1932 ....................
1933 .........—
1934 .
1935 .................... 27,609
1936 .......... — 29,755
1937 ---------- 33,623
1938 .................... 24,248
1939 (prel.).. 23,805
Cotton (excluding linters) 9
1,000
bales 10
3,389
6,706
7,691
10,036
10,801
11,847
14,1G7
11,918
11,515
14,834
12,684
13,630
16,106
17,978
12,956
14,477
14,826
13,932
17,097
13,003
13,047
9,636
10,638
12,399
18,946
11,943
11,817
1,000
dollars
263, 960
289,403
364,063
486, 655
058,884
Lbs,
162.6
172.2
181.5
107.4
183.8
182.3
C e n ts
per
p o u n d
9.30
7.70
7.04
8.08
11.29
720,245 200.7 10.44
1,468,022 169.9 24.91
1,277, 208 151.2 22.22
1, 127,044 167.8 15.38
551,884 190.9 9.16
1,501,021
1,578,874
1,121,185
1.308,088
1,302,049
1,244,852
659,044
483,639
166.0
173.5
192.9
161.7
163.3
164.2
157.1
22.91
19.61
12.47
20.19
17.99
16.79
9.46
5.66
424,013 173.5 6.52
603,616 212.7 10.17
595.615 171.6 12.36
590,137 185.1 11.09
764,433 100.4 12.33
796.179 269.0 8.41
513,638 235.8 8.60
636, 744 237.9 9.09
1,000 short
tons
1,382
2,419
3,380
4,486
4,800
ii 4,700
6,202
5,205
5,112
6,503
6,641
6,050
7,150
5,758
6,435
6,590
6,191
7,604
5,784
5,806
4,282
4,729
5,511
8,426
5,310
5,260
Cottonseed
1,000
dollars
D o lls.
p e r
to n
u 120,640 '125.07
125,701 20.59
277,640 53.28
169,432 33.11
187,499 28.82
07.722 10.15
201,157
226, 552
176,388
200,698
219,777
203,873
136,760
68,230
69.583
74,787
141,732
144,270
183,336
164,344
115,695
111, 248
33.25
31.80
22.08
34.86
34.15
30.94
22.09
8.97
10.30
12.88
33.10
30.61
33.27
19.60
21.79
21.16
1Values are based on prices for crop-marketing season, Dec. 1 or Nov. 16 prices. See.notes on "Price.”
i Received by farmers. Beginning with 1008 for potatoes and cotton, 1910 for sweetpotatoes, and 1009
for cottonsoed, prices are weighted average prices for crop-marketing season. Figures for prior years are
Dec. 1 prices. For 1033, 1934, 1937, and 1938, season average prices for cotton crops inoludo unredeemed
loan cotton at average loan value.
4 Average for 8 years. aAverage for 6 years. * Average for 7 years. 8 Average for 4 years.
• State production figures, which conform with census annual ginning enumerations, with allowance
for oross State ginnings, rounded to thousands and added for United States totals. Cotton grown In
Lower California, ginned in California from 1913 to 1024, has been excluded.
Production is in running bales prior to 1899; 500-pound gross weight bales thereafter.
i« Data for 1909 and 1910.
19 Area in cultivation July 1 less removal of acroage reported by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration,
less abandonment on area not under contract.

7 0 2 FARM CROPS -AND FOODSTUFFS
N o. 6 7 T .— P r i n c i p a l Chops-— A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t i o n , a n d V a l u e :
1939— Continued
1866 t o
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Acreage
harvested
Production
Farm
value1
Yield
per
acre
Grain sorghums (kafirs, milo maize, feterita,
etc.) for nil purposes
Price'3 Acreage
harvested
Production
Farm
value >
Yield
per
acre
Peanuts (picked and threshed)
Cents
Cents
1,000 1,000 1,000 Bush- per 1,000 1,000 1,000 per
acres bushels dollars els bushelN acres M pounds dollars Lbs. lb .»
1910-1920__ 6,418 >7129,349 17142,618 17 20.2 U110.2 1,196 851,704 65,592 712.2 6.53
1921-1025-- 6,133 92,765 68,791 15.1 74.2 036 640,834 32,992 084.9 5.15
1926-1030--- 6,683 100,314 67,990 15.0 67.8 1,000 780,092 35,143 718.1 4.45
1931-1936-— 7,788 88,960 40.036 11.4 45.0 1,424 994,761 25,742 698.7 2.59
1929.......... - 6,304 82,214 00,153 12.9 73.2 1,262 898,197 33,704 711.7 3.75
1930-........... 6,580 62,570 35,579 9.5 66.0 1,073 097,360 24,997 049.9 3.68
m i . . . . . . . . 7,483 113,649 29,940 15.2 26.3 1,440 1,065,816 21,359 733.2 2.02
m 2 .............. 7,966 109,745 32,698 13.8 29.8 1,501 941,195 14,512 027.0 1.54
1933-........- 7.307 82,085 42,168 11.3 51.0 1,217 819,020 23,292 073.6 2.84
1934_........... 6,830 40,225 40,133 6.9 99.8 1,488 1,009,950 33,480 678.7 3.32
1936---------- 9,354 98,495 55.236 10.6 66.1 1,473 1,147,225 36,069 778.8 3.14
1936______ 6,878 55,079 62,207 8.0 94.8 1,606 1,253,090 40,878 780.3 3,74
1937.............. 7,476 97,670 47,656 13.1 48.8 1,500 1,224,190 39,660 810.1 3.24
1938______ 7,680 99,136 38,823 12.0 89.2 1,708 1,305,800 42,861 764.5 3. 28
1939 (prel.). 8,055 83,102 48,403 10.3 58.2 1,869 1,179, 505 39,974 634.5 3. 39
Boans, dry, edible
Soybeans (for beans)
Dollars
Cents
1,000 1,000 1,000 per 1,000 1,000 1,000 Bush- per
acres bags11 dollars « Lbs. bag u acres bushels dollars els
1916-1920__ w 995 n 7,071 1? 36, 597 17710.6 17 5.18
1921-1925, .. 1,302 8,876 44,097 081.7 6.32 so 432 >» 4,911 *o ll, 831 20 11,4 H240.0
1926-1930--. 1,800 11,849 61.850 641.6 5. ’1 600 8,585 14, 097 12.0 171.2
1931-1936-- 1, 690 12,481 31,416 738.6 2.67 1,408 22,400 17, 538 15.4 78.1
1029............. 1,840 12,278 79,370 607.3 0.77 708. 9,308 17, 592 13.3 187.2
1030.............. 2,159 14,133 56,633 654.6 4.20 1,008 13,471 17,790 13.4 132.1
1931.............. 1,047 12,914 25,800 663.3 2.13 1,104 10,733 8,024 16.2 48.0
1932 ........... 1,431 11,005 20,822 769.0 1.98 977 14,976 8,362 15.3 55.8
1933.............. 1,729 12,771 33,517 738.0 2.78 997 13,147 12,951 13.2 98.6
1934_______ 1,460 11,393 37,900 780.3 3.52 1,539 23,095 23,281 15,0 100.8
1935______ 1,885 14,323 38,883 769.8 2.93 2,097 44,378 35,073 10.6 79.0
1936............. 1,594 11,405 65,877 715.6 5.38 2,132 29,983 38,403 14.1 128.1
1937______ 1,700 15,582 45,238 916.6 3.07 2,549 45, 272 38,448 17.8 84,9
1838______ 1,627 15,053 35,928 925.2 2.54 3,105 02,729 42,376 20.2 07.6
1939 (prel.). 1,564 13,962 43,614 808.5 3.29 4,226 87,409 67,488 20.7 77.2
Clover seed, red
Dollars
Cents
1,000 1,000 1,000 Bush- per 1,000 1,000 1,000
acres bushels dollars els bushel* i acres ■pounds dollars Lbs. lb.
1016-1920.., •71,091 ” 1,287 i7 22,741 171.18 1717.67 30 32, 008 10,326 1,080 31.6
1921-1925. - - 945 981 11,891 1.04 12.12 22 26,616 4,456 1,216 10.7
1026-1930... 1,052 1,181 16,840 1.12 13.42 23 30,363 6,586 1,314 18.4
1031-1035.-. 848 962 6,007 1.12 7.35 30 30,426 6,076 1,210 13.7
1029______ 1,817 2,116 21,083 1.16 10.39 24 33,195 3, 785 1,300 11.4
1030............. 966 1,010 11,724 1.05 11.60 20 23,447 3,462 1,202 14.8
1931............. 781 833 5,997 1.07 7.20 21 26.410 3,642 1,234 13.8
1932............. 924 1,150 5,754 1.24 5.00 22 24,058 4,199 1,004 17.5
1933............ 1,025 1,138 7,040 1.11 6.18 30 39,965 12,147 1,319 30.4
1034-........... 821 792 8,705 .96 10.99 37 » 43,052 0,248 1,194 14.6
1035............. 686 848 7,487 1.23 8.83 39 * 47,746 4,141 1,227 9.8
1936............ 767 757 10,962 1.00 14.48 31 26,150 6,942 814 27.6
1937____... 331 509 8,936 1.54 17.56 34 » 43,913 6,411 1,280 16.2
1938--....... 1,730 1,905 15, 644 1.10 8.21 32 » 35, 261 6,848 1,119 19,7
1939 (prel.). 1,371 1,714 15,442 1.25 9.01 31 33 39, 380 7,712 1, 270 24.5
' Values are based on prices lor crop-marketing season, Dee. 1 or Nov. 15 prices. See notes on "Price."
" Received by farmers. See also notes on prices for eaoh crop.
11Nov. 15 prices, 1919 to 1994; Doc. 1 prices, 1925 and 1926; average prices for the orop-marketing soason
beginning 1927.
n Equivalent solid acreage.
11 Prices are weighted average prices for the crop-marketing season, prices of beans being for cleaned beans.
17 Average for 1919 and 1920, 18 Bags of 100 pounds.
i' Farm value of dry edible beans equals the price of cleaned beans applied to the production of cleaned
beans rather than to the total production. >o Average for 1924 and 1926.
11Weighted average prices for the crop-marketing season.
15 Dec. 1 prices, 1916 to 1931; beginning 1932, weighted average prices for the crop-marketing season.
11 Includes 802,000 pounds In 1934, 5,430,000 pounds in 1935, 4,366,000 pounds in 1937,6,626,000 pounds
in 1938, and 7,839,000 pounds in 1939, not available for marketing because of economic conditions and the
marketing agreement allotments. Prices and values are computed op. the harvested crop.
Hops
Price
(u)

PRlNCDPAt, CROPS 7 0 3
N o. 6 7 7 .— P r i n c i p a l C r o p s — A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t i o n , a n d V a l u e :
1939— C ontinued
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Farm
valu e'
Hay (tame)
Yield
per
acre
Acreage
harvested
Production
Acreage
Price « harvested
Production
Tobacco
Farm
value i
1866 t o
C e n ts
1 ,0 0 0 1,000 1 ,0 0 0 S h o rt D o lla rs 1,0 0 0 1 ,0 0 0 1,000
a c res t o m d o lla r s to n s p e r t o n a c res p o u n d s L b s . tb.ss
1866-1875__ 20,266 23,423 332,744 1.15 14.21 450 339,206 34,829 754 in a
1876-1885—. 28,704 36,056 350,467 1.26 9.72 711 518,825 38,817 720 7.5
1880—1806-- - 39,492 48,007 427,727 1,22 8.91 916 669,296
1806-1000...
52,244
42,407 54,137 422,324 1.27 7.80 1,004 818,926
lUUL—iUUb__
53,822 770 6. 6
46,147 61,592 557,465 1.33 9.06 1,126 923,378 67,718
1006-1010__
820
50,642 66,001
7.3
706,860 1.31 10.71 1,173 977,983 95,630
1911-1915__
834 9.8
50,306 64,515 767,990 1,28 11.90 1,286 1,0 4 8 ,8 2 5
1016-1020...
107,974 816 10.3
55.456 74,717 1,279,078 1.35 17.12 1,742 1,380,048 322,244
1921-1925__.
796 23.3
57,836 74,676 003,329 1.29 13.30 1,653 1,270,550 247,042
1026-1030__
774 10.4
55,371 72,563 003,002 1.31 12.44 1,831 1,410,930 249,528
Itfiji—1U3D-_
771 17.7
55,893 67,665 602,507 1.21 8.91 1.509 1,266.344 175,456 807 13.9
1929,........... 65,728 76,105 030.300 1.37 12.22 1,980 1,532,625 280,976
1030______
774 18.3
54.051 04,040 810,002 1.18 12.66 2,124 1,648,229 210,800 776 12.8
1931............. 55,968 66,561 601,849 1.19 9.04 1,987 1,504,487 128,564
1932.........
787 8.2
56,004 71,827 481,303 1.28 6.70 1,404 1,017,317 107,297
1933.........
725 10.5
55,829 60,530 545,297 1.19 8.20 1,738 1,371,131 178,340
1034_______
789 13.0
56,017 55,270 776,019 .99 14.02 1,279 1,081,629 224,690 840 21.3
1835.............. 6 5 ,6 4 ? 78,1 8 8 6 0 9 ,368 1 4 0 7.80 1 ,4 3 7 1 ,2 9 7 ,1 6 5 2 3 8 ,3 8 2 903 1 8 .4
1030............. 67,289 03,536 723,682 1.11 11.39 1,438 1,155,328 272,895 803 23.6
1037.............. 54, 020 73,449 609,871 1.34 9.12 1,751 1.562,886 319,405 893 20.4
1938.-.......... 56, 926 81,048 579,486 1.42 7.15 1,599 1,375,823 269,184 860 19.7
1039 (prel.)-. 58. 347 75,726 601, 044 1.30 7.91 2,015 1,848, 654 286,036 018 15.4
Wild hay Sweet sorghum for forage and hay 36
D o lls.
1,000 1,000 1 ,0 0 0 S h o r t D o lla r s 1,000 1 ,0 0 0 1,000
acres tons d o lla r s to rts p e r to n a c res t o n s
1910-1020... 10, 952 16,303 194,719 0.00 12,72
1021-1025... 15, 480 13,260 101, 761 .86 7.67 1, 044 3 ,4 0 6 32,141 1.80 9. 10
1020-1930... 13,079 11,442 87, 348 ■.84 7.63 1, 753 3,162 26,781 1.80 8. fin
1931-1035... 11, 797 8,922 49,707 .76 5, 67 2,918 3,997 23,008 1.37 5.98
1933............. 12,053 8,412 43,522 .70 5.17 3, 217 4,525 22,790 1.41 5.04
1934............. 8, 623 4,729 64, 206 .55 11. 48 3, 206 3,432 34,876 1.04 10.10
1935............. 12, 399 11,388 52,789 .92 4. 64 3, 408 5,058 28,392 1.45 5.61
1930............. 10, 579 6,850 53,229 .65 7. 77 2,545 2,898 23,888 1.14 8.24
1937______ 11, 444 9,168 51, 775 .80 5. 05 3,008 4 ,4 2 6 29,538 1.47 6.67
1938............. 11, 826 10,483 44,368 .89 4. 23 4,983 8,462 37,085 1.70 4 .39
1039 (prel.).. 10,898 8,800 40, 607 .81 4. 61 5,875 8. 666 45,932 1.48 5.30
Cranberries (6 States) Oranges and tangerines (7 States) 37
D o l l s .
D o lls.-
1,000 1,000 lfiOO J3ar- p e r 1,0 0 0 1,000 p e r
a cres b a rrels d o lla r s re ls b a r r e l« b o x e s 29 d o lla r s30
1919-1920... 27 631 4,788 19.8 9. 02 28,601 70,376 2.47
1921-1925__ 27 580 5, 996 21.4 10.34 31,' 706 75,060 2 .3 7
1926-1930... 28 597 6,819 21.6 11.42 43' 177 104,690 2.42
1931-1935... 28 670 4,939 20.9 8.53 53,003 68,088 1.28
1933............. 28 609 4,481 25.4 0.41 3147,374 68,059 1.47
1934............. 27 445 6,156 16.2 11.58 ai 63' 088 70’ 220 1,9,2
1935.............. 28 616 6,255 18.7 12.13 31 52' 073 8l'484 1.58
1936.............. 28 504 6,848 18.2 13. 58 3164,938 tnn'wrc T.ftrt
1937.............. 28 877 7, 448 31.5 8.49 3i 74,785 7l' 505 .97
1938............. 28 478 5,221 17.0 10.98 3i 78' 863 65,180 .86
1939 (prel.).. 28 704 7, 243 25.2 10.29 » 75,862 84,130 1.11
■Values are based on prices for crop-marketing season, Deo. 1 or Nov. 15 prices. See notes on "Prico.”
11 Received by fanners. Prices are as of Dec. 1 except as noted.
11 Prices aro weighted average prices for the crop-marketing season beginning lull); Dec. 1 prices theretofore.
*• Not included in tame bay.
11 Production figures include fruit consumed on farms, sold locally, and used for manufacturing, as well
as that shipped: they exclude fruit which ripened on the trees but was destroyed prior to picking. Figures
relate t o the crop produced from the bloom of the year shown, fruiting through the winter and the following
spring and summer. In California, where picking continues throughout the year, the estimates are for
12-month periods, beginning Nov. 1. In other States, the season begins about Sept. 1.
11 Prices are averages for crop-marketing season.
>• Net content of boxes varies. In California and Arizona, the approximate average is 70 lbs.; in other
States, 00 lbs.
i° Price and value apply to entire crop exclusive of th a t portion donated to charity or eliminated on
acoeunt of market conditions. (See note 81.) Prices aro State averages, weighted by production to obtain
TJ. S. averages.
11 Production in California inoludes the following quantities (boxes) which have no farm value: 1033,
077,000; 1034, 1,306,000; 1035, 614,000; 1930,1,028,000; 1037, 1,204,000; 1038, 2,085,000.
" As estimated from prospects on July 1, 1040.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report. Agricultural Statistics.
Also published currently In part in Crops and Markets.
Yield
per
acre
Price
(!()

7 0 4 FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
No. 678.— P o t a t o e s — A c r e a g e , P r o d t t c
N ote.—Weight of a bushel of potatoes, fio pounds. Prices are
ACREAGE HARVESTED
YIELD PER ACRE
DIVISION AND STATE
1936 1937 1938 1939 i
1928-
1937,
average
1928-
1937,
average
1936 1937 1938 1939 i
United States,.......
New England..........
Maine..................
New Hampshire__
Vermont..................
Massachusetts.........
Rhode Island..........
Connecticut............
Middle Atlantic_____
New York..............
New Jersey..............
Pennsylvania..........
East North Central___
Ohio.........................
Indiana...................
Illinois......................
Michigan.................
W isconsin.............
West North Central...
Minnesota...............
Iow a.......................
Missouri..................
North Dakota.........
South D akota........
Nebraska.................
Kansas.....................
South Atlantic....___
Delaware.................
M aryland................
West Virginia... ...
North Carolina.......
South Carolina.......
Georgia....................
Florida.....................
East South Central___
Kentucky................
Tenressee________
Alabama...... ...........
Mississippi..............
West South Central__
Arkansas.................
Louisiana.................
Oklahoma................
Texas........................
Mountain.....................
Montana.................
Idaho........................
W yom ing..............
Colorado—.............
New Mexico............
Arizona....................
U ta h .......................
Nevada....................
Pacific.........................
Washington______
Oregon.....................
California................
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
acres acres acres acres acres Bus. Bus. Bus. Bus. Bus.
3, 343 3,083 3,185 8,023 8,087 Ill 108 124 124 100
229 225 235 230 233 234 240 244 211 207
169 161 170 167 170 267 285 280 242 225
10 10 10 10 9 153 170 145 135 150
17 17 17 16 16 136 145 133 120 130
16 16 17 16 17 131 155 135 130 155
3 4 4 4 4 160 180 195 160 190
16 17 17 17 18 154 170 170 140 185
495 463 490 467 4S3 126 131 131 127 125
236 220 227 220 211 123 120 125 122 127
46 52 58 54 65 163 170 181 195 136
213 191 205 193 187 120 132 123 114 120
783 760 787 670 662 90 91 88 105 95
128 130 118 118 120 06 111 85 107 105
62 57 54 52 48 87 81 100 95 95
48 43 40 38 37 76 62 78 98 03
280 275 278 250 250 92 95 103 320 97
266 245 247 212 197 88 82 73 90 88
787 642 602 622 662 76 50 98 89 90
331 200 237 230 239 77 47 103 90 85
77 67 60 58 56 80 53 82 98 100
57 55 55 54 53 77 52 90 108 88
128 111 125 142 166 72 55 105 85 85
48 27 26 29 30 67 29 59 56 80
108 86 71 80 81 79 55 115 78 120
38 30 28 29 28 S3 57 77 111 70
319 286 330 296 296 106 82 110 114 97
5 5 5 4 4 87 95 95 92 so
31 28 30 26 25 103 105 116 115 95
101 82 01 79j 78 121 90 120 132 87
38 32 32 32 32 83 60 102 85 95
80 78 94 79 82 100 74 102 110 100
21 18 26 24 28 116 100 120 115 111
16 16 18 18 18 65 48 66 68 77
27 27 34 34 29 110 87 121 132 120
1381 135 152 146 152 76 52 84 93 86
60 47 47 45 46 76 36 93 103 84
42 40 30 39 41 69 37 79 80 71
32 32 45 42 45 81 87 84 108 108
14 16 21 19 20 72 68 72 72 71
169 159 175, 166 164 68 6S 67 69 65
40 43 43 40 39 74 55 71 85 77
39 39 44 43 39 62 68 62 64
39 33 34 33 33 71 64 74 72 68
51 44 54 60 43 66 65 64 59 02
263 266 297 270 274 160 176 180 173 170
21 16 19 18 17 93 95 100 90 90
109 106 124 115 124 214 210 245 250 230
27 23 25 20 20 88 65 06 60 80
102 100 100 91 00 146 185 148 130 160
5 5 6 7 6 73 90 72 75 80
3 2 2 3 2 78 00 80 110 100
13j 12 13 14 13 152 .150 166 165 160
3 2 2 2 2 142 140 150 160 140
139 137 167 159 161 177 207 212 221 231
61 45 50 44 42 166 178 188 172 175
43 43 40 43 45 140 170- 160 180 160
45 49 68 72 74 222 265 267 275 300
1 Preliminary.

t io n , a n d V a l u e , b y S t a t e s : 1028 t o 1939
weighted average prices received by farmers for the crop-marketing season
POTATO CHOP 705
PRODUCTION PRICE FOR CROP OF— FARM VALUE
1028-
1937,
average
1936 1937 1938 1939 1 1936 1937 1938 1939 1 1938 1939 i
DIVISION
AND STATE
cis. a t. Cts. Cts.
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 •per per
1,000 1,000
bushels bushels bushels bushels bushels bu. bu. ou. ou. dollars
372,258 331,018 305,204 374,163 364,016 114 53 56 69 208,835 250, 199 U. S.
53,598 55,908 57,255 48, 569 48, 247 98 42 60 77 29, 010 36, 940 N. E.
44,968 45,885 47,600 40,414 38, 250 92 37 55 70 22,228 26,775
1,-145 1,666 1,479 1, 296 1, 395 124 72 00 105 1,166 1,465 N. H.
2,280 2,392 2,194 1,884 1,950 112 63 90 105 1,690 2,048 Vt.
1,975 2,406 2,254 2,041 2,635 132 71 78 100 1, 602 2,635
543 720 ‘ 838 624 770 134 71 77 100 480 .779 R. I.
2,387 2,839 2,890 2,310 3,238 132 68 80 100 1,848 3,238 Conn.
02,204 80,452 04,088 59,372 56, 717 112 59 65 86 38,438 48,807 M. A.
29,005 20,400 28, 375 26,810 20,797 111 56 67 85 17,983 22,777 N. Y.
7,615 8,840 10,498 10, 530 7,480 110 52 48 78 5,054 5,834 N. J.
25, 584 25,212 26,215 22,002 22,440 114 65 70 90 15, 401 20,196 Pa.
70,653 67,928 65,215 70, 370 62,187 110 56 53 67 37, 205 41, 596 E. N. C.
12, 308 14,430 10,030 12,626 12,600 122 78 68 85 8,586 10,710 Ohio.
5, 334 4,617 5,400 4,940 4,560 122 72 62 85 3,063 3,870 Ind.
3.700 2,666 3,120 3, 724 3,441 149 83 60 85 2,570 2,925 111.
25, 922 26,125 28,634 30,000 24,250 102 49 48 60 14,400 14, 550 Mich.
23,380 20,090 18,031 19,080 17,3315 103 47 45 55 8, 5SG 9, 535 Wis.
60,181 32, 241 59,281 55,360 58,852 128 47 49 58 27,148 34,250 W. N. O.
25,691 12, 502 24,411 20,700 20,315 129 30. 46 55 9,522 11,173
0,228 3, 551 4,920 5,684 5,600 138 75 65 76 3,605 4,200
4,411 2,860 4,950 5,832 4,664 127 63 51 63 2,074 2,938
9,137 6,105 13,125 12,070 14,025 119 30 41 60 4,940 7,012 N. Dak.
2,893 783 1, 534 1,024 2,400 136 62 53 55 942 1,320 8. Dak.
8,456 4, 730 8,165 6,240 9,720 130 50 59 66 3,682 6,416 Nebr.
3,365 1,710 2,156 3,219 2,128 127 57 43 66 1,384 3,192 Kans.
83,700 23,404 36,149 33,668 28,696 144 78 65 83 21,871 23,797 S. A.
467 475 475 368 320 106 60 64 05 236 304 Del.
3,257 2,940 3,480 2, 090 2,375 109 61 62 91 1,854 2 ,1G1 Md.
12,352 7,380 10,920 10,428 6,786 134 58 57 84 6,914 5,700 Va.
3,109 1,920 3,264 2, 720 3,040 133 77 80 90 2,176 2,736 W. Va.
8,028 5,772 9,588 8,690 8,200 171 61 65 68 5,648 5, 576 N. 0.
2,476 1,800 3,120 2,760 3,108 169 80 69 76 1,904 2,362 S. C.
1,016 768 1,188 1, 224 1,386 166 87 79 74 907 3,026 Ga.
2,995 2,349 4,114 4,488 3,480 145 136 70 113 3,142 3,932 Fla.
10,407 7,044 12,744 13,449 13,055 137 67 64 72 8,843 9,347 E. S. C.
3,818 1,692 4,371 4,035 3,804 131 76 70 82 3,244 3,168 Ky.
2,043 1,480 3,081 3,120 2, 011 149 75 67 76 2,090 2,212 Tenn.
2,663 2,784 .3,780 4, 326 4,860 130 51 66 60 2,379 2,9.16 Ala.
1,005 1,088 1,512 1, 368 1,420 146 63 68 74 930 1,051 Miss.
11,552 9,989 11,753 11,478 10,019 126 93 72 85 8,221 8, 637 W. S. 0.
2,960 2, 365 3,053 3,400 3,003 134 79 77 77 2,618 2,312 Ark.
2,426 2,052 2,728 2, 752 2 ,10Q 125 66 60 75 1,651 1,580 La.
2,805 2,112 2,516 2,376 2,244 107 C7 67 OS 1,592 1,526 Okla.
3,301 2, S60 3,456 2,950 2,666 136 140 80 117 2,360 3,119 Tex.
46,296 46, 557 53,433 46,780 49,046 103 35 42 60 19,862 24,699 Mt.
1,911 1,620 1,900 1,620 1,530 121 40 72 90 1,166 1, 377 Mont.
23,308 22, 260 30,380 28, 750 28,520 92 26 33 38 0,488 10,838 Idaho.
2,312 1,495 2,400 1, 200 1,600 133 51 68 76 816 1,200 Wyo.
14,762 18, 600 15,688 11,830 14,400 112 46 56 65 6,625 9, 300 Coin.
386 450 432 625 480 126 88 80 90 420 432 N. Mex.
190 180 ICO 275 220 110 90 73 85 201 187 Arix.
2,000 1,830 2,128 2, 244 2,016 96 43 43 55 965 1,109 Utah.
421 322 345 336 280 119 54 64 70 181 196 Nev.
24,648 28,805 35,396 35,108 37,198 127 51 63 60 18,487 22, 226 Pac.
8,422 8,-010 9,400 7,568 7,350 120 41 67 60 4,314 4,410 Wash.
6,109 7,310 7,840 7,740 7,200 127 45 52 65 4,025 4,680 Oreg.
10,117 12,085 18,160 19,800 22,648 131 58 51 58 10,098 13,136 Calif.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
Also published currently in part in Drops and Markets.

7 0 6 FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
No. 679.— C o r n '— A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t i o n ,
Note.—Weight of a bushel of corn, 56 pounds.
This table covers corn for all purposes, inoluding hogged
Prices are weighted average prices received
ACREAGE HARVESTED
YIELD PER ACRE
DIVISION AND STATE
1928-
1937,
average
1936 1937 1938 1930 1
1928-
1937,
average
1936 1337 103S 19391
United States__
1,000
acres
96,798
1,000
acres
93,020
1,000
acres
93,741
1,000
acres
92,222
1,000
acres
88,803
Bus.
23.0
Bus.
16.2
Bus.
28.3
Bus.
27.8
Bus.
. 29.5
Hew England.......... 198 201 200 203 203 30.6 39.4 30.9 38.7 39.8
M aine................. 13 11 10 11 14 38.7 39.0 37.0 40.0 39.0
New Hampshire.. 16 15 IS 16 15 41.1 41.0 , 42.0 41.0 41.0
Vermont........ 70 76 74 78 76 39.9 39.0 40.0 40.0 40.0
Massachusetts___ 30 39 40 39 38 41.1 42.0 41.0 38.0 40.0
Rhode Island....... 9 9 10 10 10 39.8 38.0 40.0 39.0 41.0
Connecticut......... 52 51 51 49 50 38.8 38.0 39.0 30.0 39.0
Middle Atlantic........ 2,119 2,157 2,248 2,250 2,256 37.5 87.9 42.4 41.0 39.8
New York............ 629 640 672 685 m 33.7 33.0 35.5 37.0 35.0
New Jersey.......... 188 202 208 197 189 38.2 36.5 41.0 38.0 38.0
Pennsylvania....... 1,302 1,315 1,368 1,368 1,308 30.0 41.5 46.0 43.5 42.5
East North Central.. 20,819 21,224 21,929 20,303 19,427 33.9 25.3 43.7 42.6 48.8
Ohio..................... 3,612 3,685 3,796 3,568 3,425 36.5 33.0 43.0 44.0 50.0
Indiana............. 4,487 4,569 4,752 4,229 4,144 33.5 25.5 45.0 41.0 51.5
Illinois.................. 9,016 9,260 9,367 8,565 8,051 33.8 23.5 48.0 45.0 52.0
Michigan.............. 1,468 1,500 1,590 1,590 1,574 29.2 24.5 35.0 36.5 37.0
Wisconsin......... 2, 236 2,204 2,424 2,351 2,233 31.8 20.0 31.5 38.5 38.5
West North Central.. 40,863 34,073 34,628 32,923 31,718 23.4 10.8 27.8 28.9 32. 0
Minnesota............ 4,650 4,649 4,788 4,501 4,501 29.4 19.0 36.0 35.0 45.5
Iowa.................... 10,978 10,750 11,082 10,417 9,688 35.5 17.7 45.0 46.0 62.0
Missouri............... 5,530 5,004 4,360 4,360 4,229 20.1 8 .0 27.0 25.0 29.0
North Dakota___ 1,166 744 90S 981 1,030 14.1 3 .4 19.0 16.5 16.5
South Dakota___ 4,074 2,484 3,130 2,974 2,677 12.5 3 .4 14.0 12.0 17.5
Nebraska.............. 8,978 7,674 7,004 7,430 6,836 16.7 2 .6 10.6 14.5 12.0
Kansas................. 5,471 2,769 2,456 2,260 2,757 13.2 4 .0 12.0 20.0 13.5
South A tlantic..___ 11,248 11,516 11,638 12,228 11,917 15.8 14.8 17. 3 16.8 15.9
Delaware.............. 141 142 143 143 144 27.3 29.0 29.0 29.0 29.0
Maryland............. 510 511 516 501 506 30.6 36.0 36.0 37.0 36.0
Virginia.............. 1,478 1,396 1,480 1,891 1,405 21.8 21.5 25.6 25.0 26.0
West Virginia..... 498 503 518 477 491 24.7 23.0 27.5 26.5 28.5
North Carolina... 2,291 2,350 2,326 2,442 2,466 18.0 18.5 19.5 19.0 19.5
South Carolina.-. 1,616 1,630 1,003 1,846 1,754 13.2 13.5 15.0 14.5 14.5
Georgia................. 3,985 4,203 4, 203 4,023 4,346 9 .8 8.0 11.5 11.6 8.5
Florida................. 727 781 789 805 805 0 .3 9 .0 10.0 10.5 7.5
East South Central .. 11,380 11,907 11,498 12,086 11,698 17.5 16.2 20.4 20.0 16.5
Kentucky . . . 2,908 3,027 2,006 2,761 2,816 21.6 18,0 20.0 27.0 25.0
Tennessee............. 2,888 2,858 2,772 2,689 2,635 20.9 20.0 24.0 25.5 20.0
Alabama............... 3,118 3,293 3,227 3,650 3,408 12.6 12.5 14.5 14.0 10.0
Mississippi........... 2,466 2,729 2,593 3,086 2,839 14.7 14,5 17.6 16.0 12,6
West South Central. 10,961 10,026 9,677 10,297 10,103 14.8 12.8 17.4 16.9 15.5
Arkansas.............. 2,077 2,139 2,032 2,195 2,085 14.5 12.5 20.0 16.5 15.5
Louisiana.............. 1,405 1,481 1,422 1,620 1,555 14.3 14.0 17.5 16.5 15.0
Oklahoma______ 2,611 1,811 1,720 1,754 1,877 13.3 6 .5 18.0 20.0 14.5
Texas.................... 4,868 4,595 4,803 4,728 4,586 15.0 15.0 10.0 16.0 16.0
Mountain______ _ 2,055 1,757 1,763 1,786 1,328 11.8 9.7 9 .9 12.1 12.1
Montana___ 134 72 139 156 136 0 .2 7 .6 9 .0 15.0 13.0
Idaho.................. 35 32 36 32 33 34.9 33.0 37.0 37.0 34.5
Wyoming........... 196 164 261 240 161 10.6 6 .5 9 .5 12.0 11.0
Colorado............... 1,427 1,241 1,067 1,110 766 10.7 9.0 8 .0 10. 5 10.5
Now Mexico........ 211 190 203 193 389 13.8 11.5 13.5 13. 5 13.5
A rizo n a 32 36 33 33 22 15.6 14.0 15.0 14.0 12.5
Utah.................... 18 21 22 20 19 24.8 25.0 27.0 25.0 25.0
Nevada............... 2 2 2 2 2 26.1 26.0 30.0 31.0 30.0
Pacific___________ 170 156 160 146 153 32.1 32.4 34.2* 32.1 32. 9
Washington.......... 34 31 32 29 32 34.8 34.0 37.0 35.0 34.5
Oregon.................. 62 63 66 55 61 30.6 30.6 33.0 29.0 31.0
California........ 74 65 62 62 60 32.2 33.5 34.0 33.5 34.0
Preliminary.

a n d V a l u e , b y St a t e s : 1928 t o 1939
CORK CROP 707
and siloed com and that cut and fed without removing the ears, as well as that husked and snapped for grain,
by farmers for the crop-marketing season
PRODUCTION PRICE FOB CROP O F — FARM VALUE
DIVISION
1928- AND STATE
1937, m e 1937 1938 1939 » 1930 19373 1938 3 193912 1938 19391
average
Cts Cts Cts, Cts.
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 ' 1,000 per per per per 1,000 1,000
bushels bushels bushels bushels bushels hi. bu. ou. ou, dollars dollars
2,309, 674 1,607,089 2,661,284 2,602,197 2,019,137 104 62 50 56 1,282,064 1,404,309 TJ. S,
7,849 7,926 7,989 7,852 8,081 120 83 66 71 5,340 5,733 N.E.
489 429 370 440 546 130 75 08 72 200 303 Maine.
599 615 630 056 615 120 77 08 72 440 443 N. H.
2,803 2,964 2,960 3,120 3,040 118 82 68 71 2,122 2,158 v t.
1,606 1,638 1,640 1,482 1,520 121 80 08 70 1,008 1,064 Mass.
347 342 400 390 410 121 84 68 71 265 291 R. I.
2,005 1,938 1,089 1,764 1,960 120 84 68 71 1,200 1,384 Conn.
79,494 81,785 95,312 92,339 89,787 107 60 60 69 66,390 69,412 M. A.
21,221 29,840 23,856 26,346 24,484 112 71 02 60 15, 714 io, m N. Y.
7,186 7,373 8,528 7,486 7,182 106 07 61 66 4,660 4,740 N. JV
51,087 64,572 62,028 50,508 58,140 105 64 50 65 86, n o 37,701 Pa.
705,298 536,696 968,090 304,366 947, 620 103 48 46 62 399, 743 492,182 E.N, O.
132,297 121,60S 163,228 156,992 171,250 09 51 40 53 72, 21.6 90,762 Ohio.
151,195 116, 510 213,840 173,389 213,410 100 45 45 50 78, 025 106,708 Ind.
307,502 217, 751 449,616 385,425 418, 002 105 47 40 52 177, 206 217,099 111.
43,167 36.760 66,060 58,035 58,238 100 65 48 54 27,857 31,449 Mich.
71,042 44,080 76,350 00, 614 86,070 111 67 49 58 44, 352 45,664 Wis.
954,294 387, 888 902,314 950. 526 1,014,308 108 46 49 53 497, 862 534,631' W. N. 0.
136, 346 88, 331 172.368 167,536 204, 706 103 43 17 61 74, Oil 1Q4,440 Mian.
393, 143 190,434 408, 090 479,182 603, 770 107 44 60 53 239, 591 207,001 Iowa.
113,055 40,032 117,720 109,000 122, G41 116 51 49 54 53, 410 06,226 Mo.
16,305 2,580 17,252 10,186 16.905 109 47 38 41 6,151 6,968 N. Dak.
54,033 8.440 43,820 36, G88 46,848 108 44 51 54 18,201 25,298 S. Dak.
169,170 26,859 82,992 107,735 82.032 no 51 50 53 53,868 43,477 Nebr.
80.736 11.030 29,472 45,200 37,220 119 60 50 57 22,600 21.215 K & d s ,
172,412 170,230 201,234 204,880 189,415 102 67 68 68 119,781 129,564 S. A.
3.801 4,118 4.147 4,147 4,170 97 57 55 62 2.281 2,589 Del.
15,617 18,396 18,670 18,537 18, 210 97 01 56 02 10,195 11,294 Md
32,225 30, 014 37,740 34,776 36, 530 106 68 04 72 22,256 26,302 Vn.
12,384 11,560 14,246 12,040 13,994 no 76 69 72 8,722 10,070 W. Va.
41,365 43,476 45,357 46,398 48.087 90 68 04 70 29,695 33,661 N. O.
21,335 22. 005 24,945 26,767 25,433 102 66 50 66 13,384 16,786 S. 0.
38,902 33,624 48,334 63.164 30,941 109 64 53 67 28,177 24,750 Oa.
6,733 7,029 7,890 8,462 6,038 108 76 60 68 5,071 4,106 Fla.
198,086 192,378 234,264 242,193 192,608 107 62 66 70 136,923 134,785 E. S. C.
62,688 64,486 75,556 74,547 70,400 111 58 56 61 41,740 42.944 Ky.
60,308 57, ICO 6&52S 08,670 52,700 107 60 57 74 39,085 38,998 Tonn
39,427 41,162 40.792 49,700 34,080 106 07 59 78 29,323 20,582 Ala.
36,262 39,670 45,378 49,376 35,488 102 84 53 74 20,100 20,201 Miss,
161,928 128,169 168,633 173,676 160,235 95 62 48 60 83,570 93,979 w. s. c.
29,980 26,738 40,640 36,218 32,318 100 00 53 66 19,198 21,330 Ark.
20,098 20,734 24,885 26.730 23,325 06 66 52 64 13,900 14,928 La.
35,912 11,772 30,060 36,080 27,216 100 66 49 60 17,189 16,330 Okla.
75,962 68,925 72,048 76,048 73,378 91 06 44 56 33,285 41,091 Tex.
24,262 17,083 17,488 21,689 16,082 111 66 51 65 U, 039 10,443 Mt.
1,259 540 1,251 2,340 1,768 112 85 68 60 1,240 1,001 Mont.
1,225 1,056 1,332 1,184 1,138 103 68 53 69 628 785 Idaho.
2,071 1,066 2,480 2,880 1,771 120 GU 60 68 1.440 1,204 Wyo.
36,771 11,169 8,536 11,655 8,043 110 53 40 61 5,301 4,908 Oolo,
2,928 2,185 2,740 2,006 2. 552 n i 76 62 72 1,61B 1,837 N. Max.
502 490 495 462 276 112 86 79 80 365 220 Ariz.
457 525 504 600 476 118 80 68 82 340 390 Utah.
49 52 60 62 60 no 88 74 76 46 45 Nev.
5,457 5,164 6,470 4,687 6,035 105 09 04 77 3,019 3,876 Pac.
1,168 l\ 054 1,184 1,016 1,104 11)0 67 66 73 568 806 Wash.
1,904 l' 022 2,178 1,695 1,801 07 06 01 70 973 1,437 Ores.
2,386 2,178 2,108 2,077 2,040 114 76 71 80 1,475 1,032 oairr.
i Includes unredeemed corn loans at average loan value.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural M arketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
Also published currently in part in Crops and Markets.

7 0 8 FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
N o. 6 8 0 .— W h e a t — A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t io n ,
N ote—Weight of a bushel of wheat, 60 pounds. Prices are weighted
ACREAGE HARVESTED
YIELD PER ACRE
DIVISION AND STATE
m s-
1937,
average 1936 1937 1938 1939 <
1928-
1937,
average 1936 1937 1938 1939 1
United States____
1,000
acres
6 5 ,804
1 , 0 0 0
a c r e s
48,863
1 , 0 0 0
a c r e s
64,492
1 , 0 0 0
Acres
69, 869
1 , 0 0 0
a c r e s
53,696
B u s .
13.4
B u s .
12.8
B u s .
13.6
B u s .
13.3
B u s .
14.1
New England_______ 5 7 4 4 4 2 0 . 6 17.0 19.0 17.0 21.0
Maine...................... 5 i 4 4 4 20.6 17.0 10.0 17.0 21.0
Middle Atlantic_____ 1,299 1,376 1,484 1,414 1,251 19.2 19.4 88.4 21.9 21.6
New York................ 200 282 348 303 273 19.9 20.4 23.9 24.9 23.4
New Jersey_______ 55 61 05 61 52 21.8 21.0 22.6 22.0 22.5
Pennsylvania_____ 984 1,033 1,073 1,050 926 18.8 19.0 22.0 21.0 21.0
East North Central__ 6,447 6,963 S, 362 7,476 6,134 is . a 18.1 17.6 18.5 19.7
O hio-...................... 1,851 2,177 2,432 2,381 1,000 19.3 18.5 19.0 19.5 19.5
Indiana............ 1.050 1,775 2,171 1,803 1,534 16.9 17.5 16.0 16.0 18.0
Illinois...................... 2,008 2,082 2,617 2,259 1,865 17.1 17.5 17.5 18.5 20.9
Michigan_________ 822 823 1,011 913 739 19.8 20.3 18* 5 21.4 20.0
"Wisconsin-.-........... 107 106 131 120 90 17.1 13.9 15.6 16.7 15.0 1
West North Central.— 28,217 22, 579 32, 704 36,439 26,800 11.8 11.0 11.3 10.8 11.6
Minnesota................ 1.570 1, 736 2,100 2,616 1,565 13.3 9.9 16.0 14.9 13.9
Iowa......................... 413 407 817 583 390 17.8 20.7 17.9 15.9 10.6
Missouri................... 1,774 2,095 3,198 2,432 1,773 13.7 15.0 13.3 13.0 16.5
North D ak o ta.___ 8,017 3,699 7,018 8,512 7,885 8.5 5.2 8.1 9,0 JO. 7
South Dakota_____ 2,575 840 2,738 3,108 2,245 7.9 5.1 5.6 9.1 8.7
Nebraska................. 3,182 3, 338 3,001 4,601 3,199 14.0 14.2 13.1 11.9 11.4
Kansas................. 10,080 10,404 13,172 14,497 9,713 12.5 11.5 12.0 10.5 11.5
South Atlantic..... ......... 1,940 2, 237 2,193 2,123 1,924 14.1 12.8 14.4 14.5 14.3
Delaware.................. 91 80 80 83 72 17.4 16.5 10.0 20.0 18.0
Maryland................. 447 m 470 471 377 18.8 20.0 19.0 20.0 10.5
Virginia.................... 613 629 848 609 518 14.3 12.5 15.0 14.0 , 14.5
West Virginia.......... 134 104 171 156 145 14.7 13.5 16.0 15.0 14.5
North Carolina....... • 424 530 493 473 425 10.6 9.8 11.8 11.5 12.0
South Carolina____ 112 184 149 161 210 9.8 8.0 9.5 11.0 11.5
Georgia.......... .......... 119 195 170 170 177 8.8 8.0 8.5 10.0 10.0
East South Central.... 704 981 1,098 1,076 718 12.3 12.3 1 5 . 6 13. 2 11.5
Kentucky___ _____ 331 421 652 580 354 13.0 ,14.0 18.5 15.0 11.5
Tennessee___ _____ 368 454 540 491 358 10.9 10.7 12.5 11.0 11.5
Alabama................. 5 6 7 5 0 10.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 12.0
West South Central___ 7,005 6,968 8,643 9,571 7,123 11.4 7.9 12.5 10.2 12.4
Arkansas_________ 64 70 100 70 41 9.2 8.5 10.5 8.5 9.5
Oklahoma............... 3,040 3,440 4,610 5,007 4,317 11.7 8.0 14.2 11.0 14.0
Texas..............„........ 3,002 2,458 3,933 3,894 2,765 10.2 7.7 10.6 9.0 10.0
Mountain_____ ..____ 6,326 4,830 6,791 7,744 6,480 13.4 11.5 13.6 17.6 15.8
Montana_________ 3,352 2,239 2,024 4,288 3,604 10.0 6.1 8.4 16.2 16.4
Idaho...._________ 1,100 1,112 1,153 1,159 893 22.1 20.5 24.6 27.9 26.3
Wyoming_______ '. 247 154 2 6 6 354 276 H .i 9.8 11,5 12.8 10.2
Colorado_________ 1,063 853 1,136 1,315 1,072 12.0 12.5 13.3 14.6 11.4
New Mexico______ 257 140 209 263 294 9.0 7.0 11.7 10.3 10.1
Arizona__________ 35 48 45 50 35 22.2 23.0 22.0 22.0 23.0
XJtah____________ 257 261 279 293 226 19.9 17.8 19.6 22.9 17.7
Nevada..................... 15 17 19 22 20 24.9 21.2 25.5 23.7 26.(1
Pacific.................... 3,861 4,022 4,142 4,022 3,262 19.6 80.8 21.5 22.6 21.8
Washington............. 2,214 2,164 2,317 2,205 1,901 19.8 21.5 21.9 24.8 23.1
Oregon..................... 967 1,000 993 1,008 775 19.8 20.3 20.0 22.0 21.7
California................ 680 858 832 749 586 18.5 19.5 21.5 17.0 18.0
1Preliminary,

W HEAT CROP 709
a n d V a l u e , b y St a t e b : 1928 t o 1939
average prices received by farmers for the crop-marketing season
PRODUCTION PRICE FOR CHOP OF*— FARM VALUE
1937, 1936 1937 1938 1939 * 1930 1937 1938! 1939>! 1938 1039 1
average
DIVISION
AND STATE
Cts. Cts. Cts. Cts.
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 per per jp er per 1,000 1,000
bushels bushels bushels bushels bushels bu. bu. bu. bu. dollars dollars
752, 958 626, 766 875,676 931,702 764,971 103 06 56 69 522, 639 521,948 XT. S,
98 119 78 68 84 160 142 118 123 S0J 108 Sf. E.
96 119 76 08 84 150 142 118 123 80 103 Maine.
24, 888 26,639 33,811 30,907 26,978 109 98 65 82 20,170 22,129 M. A.
5,194 5, 743 8,276 7,533 6,382 108 99 65 82 4,896 5,233 N. Y.
1,202 1,281 1,462 1,342 1,170 109 105 71 83 053 971 n . or.
18,486 19,615 23,573 22,032 19,421 109 97 65 82 14,321 15,925 Pa.
117,480 125,926 147,223 138,588 120,557 104 101 61 71 84,134 80,013 E. 17. C.
30,068 40, 278 46,136 46,420 37,150 105 101 62 73 28,780 27,120 Ohio.
28,449 31, 042 34,718 28,848 27,612 102 101 59 68 17,020 18, 776 Ind.
34,534 30,435 45,668 41,792 39,021 102 103 61 70 25,493 27,315 m.
16,086 16, 7G2 18,658 10, 519 16,424 107 95 59 76 11,516 11,722 Mich.
1,823 1,469 2,043 2,007 1, 350 120 90 66 80 1,325 1,080 Wis.
334, 371 248, 081 870,570 392,491 309, 358 105 99 56 68 219,405 210,227 W. N. O.
20,891 17,137 35, 784 38,948 22,10S 122 105 60 73j 23.369 16,130 Minn.
7, 401 8,407 14,649 9,284 6, 490 105 102 58 66 5,385 4,283 Iowa.
24,376 31,407 42,515 31,600 29, 241 1Q5 95 67 66 18,012 19,299 Mo.
73,737 19,235 57,005 76,384 84, 062 117 95 53 70 40,484 58,843 N. Dak.
23,580 4,286 15,381 28, 377 19, 424 116 96 54 70 15,324 13,597 S. Dak.
46,254 47, 339 47,184 55,714 36, 376 105 98 54 67 30,086 24,372 Nobr.
138,072 120, 270 158,052 152,184 111, 657 100 101 57 66 86,745 73,694 Eans.
27,317 28, 701 31,554 80,857 27, 546 110 108 72 85 22,176 23,383 S. A.
1,590 1,419 1,376 1, 690 1, 296 106 100 63 78 1,046 1, Oil Del.
8,419 8,980 9,044 9,420 7,352 106 102 63 78 5,035 5,735 Md.
8,764 7,862 9,720 8,526 7, 511 114 106 72 88 6,139 6,010 Va.
1,083 2,214 2.736 2,340 2,102 100 105 74 87 1,732 1,829 W. Va.
4,496 5,194 5,817 5,440 5,100 116 116 82 91 4,461 4,641 N. C.
1,054 1,472 1,416 1,771 2, 415 101 117 81 85 1,435 2,053 S. C.
1, Oil 1, 560 1,445 1,700 1,770 104 121 84 85 1,428 1, 504 Ga.
8, 682 10,800 17,039 14,166 8,260 109 106 68 80 9,620 6,674 E. S, C.
4, 623 5,894 10,212 8,700 4,071 103 106 64 74 5,568 3,013 Ky.
3,980 4,858 6, 750 5,401 4,117 116 107 74 85 3,997 3,499 Tonn.
50 54 77 65 72 108 120 84 86 55 62 Ala.
79, 582 47,042 108,202 97,318 88,478 98 66 56 69 54,806 Bl,117 W. S. c.
400 595 1,050 595 390 102 101 64 os 381 265 Ark.
47,054 27, 520 65,402 61,677 60,438 99 96 56 65 34, 639 30,285 Okla.
32,038 18,927 41,690 35,046 27,050 100 96 67 78 19,976 21,567 Tex.
84,880 55,749 78,665 136,490 102,527 101 86 47 62 64,680 63,961 Mt.
35, 217 13,656 21,918 69,522 66, 608 122 98 47 62 32,075 3M97 Mont.
24,524 22,764 28,360 32,332 22, 624 89 71 46 60 14,549 13,574 Idaho.
2,847 I. 511 3,060 4,516 2,312 111 91 48 63 5,167 1,772 Wyo.
13,120 10,691 15,155 19,068 12, 217 100 91 40 64 9,343 7,819 Colo.
2,892 1,023 3,139 2,718 2,900 98 102 58 70 1,576 2,072 N. Mex.
776 1,104 990 1,100 805 89 100 74 77 814 620 Ariz.
5,131 4,639 5,459 6,713 3,989 103 79 48 66 3, 222 2,633 Utah.
373 361 484 522 612 99 96 64 73 334 374 ■ Nev.
75,895 83, 703 89,136 90, 819 71,188 91 79 52 68 47, 478 48,441 Pac.
43,729 46, 032 50,824 54, 590 43, 822 91 75 49 65 26, 749 28,484 Wash.
10,254 20,340 20,424 23,496 10,818 90 77 53 71 12,463 11,941 Oreg.
12,712 16,731 17,888 12,733 10, 548 93 95 65 76 8, 276 8,010 Calif.
3Includes unredeemed wheat loans at average loan value.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annualreport, Agricultural Statistics.
Also published currently in part in Crops and Markets.

710 FARM CRO'PS AND FOODSTUFFS 1
No. 6 8 1 .— Tobacco— Acreage, P roduction, and Value, by States: 1928
t o 1939
N o t e .—Prices aro weighted average prices received by farmers for the crop-marketing season
ACREAGE HARVESTED
YIELD P E R ACRE
S T A T E
1928-
1937,
average
1936 1937 1938 19391
1928-
1937,
average
1930 1937 1938 19391
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,0 0 0 1,000
acres a cres a cres a c res acres P o u n d s P o u n d s P o u n d s P o u n d s P o u n d s
United States. 1, 700.3 1 ,4 3 8 .3 1 ,7 5 0 .6 1, 5 9 9 .8 2 ,0 1 4 .6 803 803 893 860 918
Massachusetts...... 6 .3 4 .3 5 .0 6 .0 6 .3 1, 432 1 ,6 4 2 1 ,4 0 0 1 ,1 3 1 1 ,5 7 1
Connecticut.......... 17.0 1 4 .5 1 7 .2 1 6 .7 1 7 .4 1 ,3 8 0 1 ,4 5 9 1 ,2 0 3 071 1 ,4 4 3
Now York............. .0 .6 .9 1 .2 1 .5 1 ,2 1 2 1 ,3 2 5 1 .2 7 5 1 ,4 0 0 1 ,3 6 0
Pensylvania.......... 31.1 2 3 .2 2 3 .7 2 4 .2 2 7 .2 1, 228 1 ,4 5 0 1 ,2 2 3 1, 327 1 ,3 2 2
Ohio ............ ...... 3 7 .6 2 4 .6 3 0 .9 2 7 .3 3 2 .0 891 876 9 2 5 J 875 947
Indiana................. 13.2 5 .7 1 3 .6 1 1 .6 1 3 .2 798 700 860 826 869
Wisconsin_______ 2 4 .9 1 3 .0 1 8 .4 2 4 .7 2 2 .3 1 ,3 1 6 1 ,4 5 0 1 ,3 6 4 1, 324 1 ,4 0 8
Minnesota---------- .9 . 2 . 4 . 7 .7 1 ,1 3 5 1 ,0 0 0 1 ,1 5 0 1 ,1 0 0 1 ,2 0 0
Missouri________ 5 .7 4 .0 6 .0 6 .5 6 .8 900 730 926 960 925
Kansas___ _____ » .3 . 2 . 2 . 6 . 6 3 812 725 850 960 850
Maryland.............. 3 6 .7 3 7 .5 3 5 .0 3 7 .5 3 8 .2 704 820 660 7 801 780
Virginia................ 141.9 1 2 5 .1 1 4 8 .0 1 3 5 .4 1 7 2 .1 701 773 757 730 836
West Virginia___.. 4 .9 2 .4 4 .9 3 .5 3 .6 680 675 726 690 700
North Carolina__ 646.8 5 9 7 .0 6 8 4 .0 6 1 2 .1 8 6 4 .1 766 766 884 845 939
South Carolina__ 102.5 9 0 .0 1 1 2 .0 1 0 4 .0 1 4 4 .0 779 815 065 950 925
Georgia................ 7 9 .1 8 6 .0 8 0 .6 8 8 .2 1 2 6 .1 816 970 931 1 ,0 3 1 761
Florida................. 9 .9 1 0 .4 1 9 .6 1 9 .5 3 3 .0 843 926 856 1 ,0 0 9 720
Kentucky.............. 4 1 1 .8 3 0 6 .7 4 1 1 .5 3 6 1 .4 3 8 4 .9 780 706 887 800 891
Tennessee............. 129.8 9 3 .0 1 3 7 .6 1 1 7 .8 1 1 9 .9 838 819 893 838 017
.3 .5 . 6 817 818 GB3
PRODUCTION PRICE FOR CROI* OF— FARM VALUE
STATE
1928-
1937,
average
1936 1937 1938 1938 1 1936 1937 1938 1939 ' 1038 1939 1
1.000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 C ts . C ts . C ts . C ts . lfioo 1 ,0 0 0
■pounds ■ pounds p o u n d s p o u n d s p o u n d s p e r 1b. p e r 2b. p e r lb . p e r lb. d o lls. d o lls .
United States.. 1,360,400 1,156,828 1,562,886 1,375,823 1,848,654 23.6 20.4 19.7 15,4 2B9,134 285,030
Massachusetts.____ 8,891 6,629 8,262 1 0.786 9,800 30.2 26.6 22.2 32.2 1,228 3,188
Connecticut______ 24,461 21,151 22,240 316,223 25,116 38.0 34.0 30.5 30.0 3,512 9,789
New York___ ___ 1,046 795 1,148 1,880 2,026 10.6 9.9 10.9 10.6 183 215
Pennsylvania----- - 37,923 33,660 28,990 32,110 35,967 11.5 10.4 13.6 13.0 4,361 4,900
Ohio........................ 33,294 21,455 28,587 23,885 30.205 15.1 13.6 13.4 12.4 3,106 3,750
Indiana_________ 10.548 3,900 11,690 0.583 11,868 27.0 18.7 17.1 16.7 1,638 1,863
Wisconsin________ 32,098 18,846 25,102 32,710 31,406 9.7 11.3 7.6 12.1 2,454 3.815
Minnesota_______ 1,080 200 460 770 840 9.0 11.0 7.0 e.o 54 76
Missouri—............... 5,201 2,920 5,650 6,175 6,200 32.0 24.0 18,1 is, n 1,118 813
Kansas................. 1244 145 170 475 510 25.0 21.0 19.0 15.0 00 76
Maryland................ 25, 217 30,760 22,750 29,250 29,796 25.4 17.2 18.5 19.0 5,411 5.661
Virginia................... 98,075 96,734 111, 969 98,908 143,847 21.3 10.1 19.4 14.2 19,167 20,470
West Virginia.......... 3,400 1,620 3.552 2,415 2,736 31.2 16.6 18.0 18.2 436 498
North Carolina....... 493,927 457,375 604,590 517,210 811, 676 23.0 24.0 22.6 15.3 116,736 123,868
South Carolina....... 79, 624 73,350 108,080 98,800 133,200 19.9 20.8 22.2 14.6 21,034 19,447
Georgia................... 60,787 S3,445 75.013 ■80,950 95,986 21.3 20.0 20.7 13.1 18,860 12.614
Florida....... ............ 8,399 9,630 . 16,786 19,684 23,760 31.7 26.1 27.1 17.3 5,326 4,108
Kentucky................ 321,370 216,438 364,945 289,115 343.100 2g.2 17.6 17.1 16.8 49,373 54.078
Tennessee................ 108,818 76,205 122,757 98.687 100,928 25.2 15.7 14.2 14.2 14,032 15,654
246 409 410 19.2 19.1 12.0 78 40
1Preliminary.
* Short-time average.
3 Including loss after harvest as result of hurricane and flood, estimated as follows: Mass., 1,258,000 pounds;
Conn,, 4,697,000 pounds,
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
Also published currently in part in Crops and Markets.

WHEA'I1 A m SWTB73TP01'AW) OfiOPS 711
N o . 6 8 2 .— W heat, Spring and Winter— A creage and Production: 1921
to 1939
[Acreage in thousands and production in thousands of bushels (number of pounds to a bushel, 60)]
TEAR
Seeded 1
Acreage
W INTER WHEAT
Field per
aore
(bushels)
Seeded
spring wheat
(INCLUDING DURUM)
Acreage
H arvested
Harvested
Production
Production
Yield per
acre
(bushels)
1921................................ 45,479 43,160 602,763 14.0 22.202 21,406 210,171 10.1
1022............................ . . 47,415 41,646 571,459 13.7 19,748 19,748 276,190 13.9
1923................................ 45,488 38.712 555,299 14.3 19.102 18,208 204,183 11.2
1924................................ 38,038 35,418 673. 503 16.2 17.068 17.045 208.064 16.7
1925________________ 40,922 31.964 400,619 12.5 20,816 20,479 268,081 13.1
1920................................ 40,604 37.597 631,007 18.8 20,108 19,019 200,606 10.6
1027................................ 44,134 38,195 548,188 14.4 21. 527 21,433 326,871 15.3
1928................................ 48,431 30,853 570,066 15.7 2 2 .721 22,373 335,307 15.0
1929................................ 43,967 41,194 686,239 14,2 22,873 22,138 236.978 10.7
1030................................ 45,032 41,009 633.605 15.4 22.118 21,545 252,865 11.7
1931................................ 45,047 43,443 825,396 19.0 20,351 14,233 116,278 8.2
1932...................... ......... 43,371 36.050 491,795 13.6 22,542 21,783 205,132 12.2
1933................................ 44,445 30.272 376, 518 12,4 24,040 19,166 175.165 9.1
1834..........- .................. 44,585 34.638 437, 963 12.6 18,977 8,762 88,430 10.1
1935................... . ........... 47,064 33.402 465,319 13.9 22,143 17,827 161,025 9.0
1936................................ 49,765 37,687 619,874 13.8 23,969 11,176 100.892 9.6
1937................................ 57,050 46,978 685,824 14.6 23,416 17,444 189,852 10.9
1938................................ 56,530 49,786 688. 133 13.8 23,026 20,083 243.569 12.1
19391.............................. 46,364 37,802 663,431 14.9 17,632 15,894 191,640 12.1
1Seeded in preceding fell.
>Preliminary.
No. 6 8 3 .— Swbetpotatoes— Acreage, P roduction, and Value, by States:
1928 to 1939 1
N ote,—Weight of a bushel of eweotpotatoes, 65 pounds. Prices arc weighted average prices received by
farmers for the crop-marketing season
ACREAGE HAR­
VESTED
YIELD PER ACRE
PRODUCTION
PRICE FOR
CROP OF—
FARM VALUE
1938 19391
1338 19391
STATE 1928-
1937.
average
1928-
1037,
average
1928-
1937,
average
1938 19391 1938 19391 1938 19391
c t s , Cts.
1,000 1,000 1,000
1,000 1,000 1.000 per per 1,000 1,000
acres acres Bn. B u , Bn. bu. bu. bu. D U . bu. iol. iol.
United Statea. . . 835 883 862 85 87 84 70,690 76,647 72,879 78 n 66,186 54.974
Now Jersey_____ 15 14 IB 140 105 155 2,078 1,470 2,825 116 85 1,706 1,970
Indiana................. 4 8 3 104 115 105 420 345 315 94 101 324 318
Illinois.................. 6 6 6 81 108 83 607 648 628 61 82 395 433
Iowa.............................. 3 3 3 87 100 90 238 300 270 87 07 261 262
Missouri........ ....... u 12 13 80 85 85 880 1,020 1,105 73 81 745 895
Kansas.................. 5 3 3 93 125 80 440 376 240 76 80 281 214
Delaware.............. 7 5 5 128 100 135 833 500 675 86 64 425 432
Maryland............. 8 8 9 HO 130 160 1,156 1,040 1,440 80 70 832 1,008
Virginia................ 37 34 32 115 105 129 4,285 3, 570 4,128 64 01 2,285 2,518
North Carolina... 84 81 77 95 ms 112 7,896 8,748 8,624 62 65 5.424 5,606
South Carolina... 59 66 67 85 98 102 4, 065 6,468 6,834 63 66 4,076 4,510
Georgia................ 111 123 117 73 75 8.102 9,225 8,802 83 73 7,657 6,491
Florida................ 21 20 19 70 70 GO 1,498 1,400 1,140 91 81 1,274 023
Kentucky............. 21 24 24 83 95 82 1,719 2,280 1,068 74 87 1,687 1,712
Tennessee............. 57 58 47 00 103 79 6,122 5,459 3,713 64 81 3,494 3,008
88 107 110 83 so 80 7,312 8.560 8,800 80 80 0,848 7,040
Mississippi........... 70 87 88 '62 89 74 6,939 7,743 6,142 70 79 6,420 4,852
38 43 40 76 75 67 2,820 3,225 2,680 77 91 2,483 2,439
92 99 95 70 70 73 0.471 6,930 6,936 04 63 4,435 4,369
Oklahoma______ 18 21 21 67 70 46 3.226 1,470 945 91 104 1,338 983
Texas___ _ 03 58 63 73 75 60 4,630 4,350 3,780 76 96 3,262 3,029
California___ . . . . 11 13 10 103 117 120 1,116 lf 521 1,200 101 113 1,536 1,366
1Preliminary.
Source of tables 682 and 683: Dept, of Agriculture, AgriculturalI Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural
Statistics. Also published currently In pari in Crops and Markets.

7 1 2 FAHM CHOPS AND FOODSTUFFS'
No. 684.— O ats— A creag e, P ro d u c tio n , an d V a lu e , by S ta te s : 1928 t o 1939
N o t e .— Weight of a bushel of oats, 32 pounds. Prices are weighted average prices received by farmers
for the crop-marketing season
A C R E A G E H A R ­
V E S T E D
Y IE L D P E R
A C R E
P R O D U C T IO N
P R I C E
F O R C R O P
O F —
F A R M V A L U E
D I V I S I O N A N D
S T A T E
1928-
1937,
average
1928-
1938 1939 1
1937,
average
1938 19391
1028-
1937,
average
1938 1939 i 1938 19391 1938 1939 i
Cta. Cts.
1,000 1,000 1,000
acres acres acres
United States. 37,462 35,061 83,070 Bu.
27.7 30.0 Bu. Bu,
1,000 1,000 1,000 per per 1,000 1,000
bushels bushels bushels bu. bu, dollars dollars
28.3 1,049,300 1,068,431 937,215 24 31 253, m 291,294
New England........ 200 192 201 34.6 33.0 36.9 6,892 8,344 7,200 43 49 2, 705 3,502
Maine................. 118 114 121 36.7 34.0 38.0 4,332 3,876 4,598 41 45 1,589 2,069
New Hampshire S 8 7 37.4 36.0 37.0 234 288 259 46 55 130 142
Vermont............. 60 50 57 31.0 31.0 33.0 1,852 1,730 1,881 46 55 781 1,035
Massachusetts... 5 0 7 32.5 34.0 33.0 106 204 231 46 55 94 127
Khode Island__ 2 2 2 31.7 30.0 31.0 63 60 62 46 54 28 33
Connecticut....... 7 0 7 28.8 30.0 25.0 105 180 175 40 55 83 06
Middle Atlantic.^. 1,816 1,745 l, 733 27.7 33.6 30.8 60,353 68,404 53,340 35 42 20,460 22,391
New York........ 837j 782 782 27.4 34.0 33.0 23,077 26,588 25,806 35 42 9,300 10,839
New Jersey........ 45 48 45 29.4 25.5 2H.0 1,339 1,224 1,26C 34 41 416 517
Pennsylvania.-.- 934 915 906 27.8 33.5 29.0 25,937 30, 052 26,274 35 42 10,728 11,035
East North Central. 11,101 9.655 8,471 30.7 31.8 31.4 340,303 SOI, 666 265,639 25 32 76.809 85,819
Ohio...............— 1,575 1.121 1, m 30.6 33.0 32.5 48,830 36,993 33,150 26 34 9,018 11,271
Indiana.............. 1,740 1,310 LOOS 27.4 26,0 25.0 49,177 34,000 25,225 23 31 7.834 7,820
Illinois.............. 3,050 3,545 3,118 31.1 3J.fi 30.0 125,119 111, 6 6 8 93,540 23 30 25. 684 28,062
Michigan............ 1, 362 1. 224 1,139 28.8 35.0 37.5 39,160 42,840 42,712 20 34 12,424 14, 522
Wisconsin.......... 2, 475 2,455 2,185 31.6 31.0 32.5 78,017 76,105 71,012 28 34 21,309 24,144
West North Central. 18, 010 18,150 18,789 27.8 30.6 27.9 617,393 653,199 468,365 19 27 106, 518 127,741
Minnesota.......... 4,287 3,000 3,939 31.6 33.0 38.5 134,433 128,700 161,662 1 9 26 24, 463 39, 431)
Iowa................... 5, 945 6, 072 5,076 32.2 35.0 30.5 193,949 209,020 154,818 19 28 39,714 43,349
Missouri............. 1,616 1,938 1, ROC 21.2 24.0 22.0 34,737 40,512 40,020 23 20 10, 008 11,867
North Dakota... 1,626 1.391 1,602 18.7 22.5 23.5 30,595 31,298 35, 297 16 23 5,008 8,118
South Dakota... 1, 67C 1,564 1,627 21. C30.0 27.6 41,218 46,920 43,929 17 25 7,970 10, 982
Nebraska............ 2,113 1,807 1,41G 21.9 30.6 14.5 40,024 55,076 20,676 ui 32 10,464 6, 584
Kansas................ 1, 444 1,518 1,366 22.5 23.5 15.5 32,537 35,673 21,173 23 36 8,205 7, 411
South Atlantic........ 1, 234 1,377 1,374 20.1 22.6 22.2 24,704 31,131 30, 562 42 43 13,064 13,239
Delaware--------- 3 a 3 30.6 32.0 29.6 00 08 87 30 46 37 40
Maryland........... 49 41 41 28.0 32.0 27.5 1,364 1,312 1,128 38 44 499 496
Virginia.............. 116 92 80 19.4 21.5 20.0 2,287 1,978 1,000 40 48 701 708
West Virginia... 111 8C 73 19.8 21.0 20.6 2,218 1,806 1,460 43 46 777 672
North Carolina . 209 253 253 18.6 22.0 22.5 3,906 5,566 5,692 43 47 2,303 2,675
South Carolina.. 401 467 490 21.2 22.8 23.5 8,488 10,048 11,515 42 39 4,472 4,401
Georgia............... 337 426 426 18.3 22. 5 21.0 6,297 9,585 8,946 42 45 4,026 4,026
Florida............... 8 9 8 14.5 16.6 15.5 114 140 124 49 57 69 71
East South Central. 374 349 340 17.8 22.9 22.8 0,688 8,000 7,971 43 44 3,470 3, 534
Kentucky.......... 131 70 56 16.2 19.5 17.0 2,166 1,365 952 35 42 478 400
Tennessee.......... 100 85 85 15.7 20.0 17.0 1, 596 1,700 1,445 30 43 663 621
Alabama............ 102 132 132 iK . a 24.0 21.5 1,908 3,168 2,838 49 40 1, 652 1,391
Mississippi......... 41 62 76 21.4 28.5 36.0 918 1,767 2,736 44 41 777 1,122
West South Central. 2.814 2,912 2,878 22.8 23.4 20.3 82, 780 88,282 54, 432 26 33 17, 515 18, 226
Arkansas............ 134 135 132 19.0 19.0 22.0 2,585 2,565 2,904 HO 38 923 1,104
Louisiana........... 29 fit) 52 24.2 27.0 32.0 718 1,350 1,604 37 40 500 660
Oklahoma.......... 1,221 1.307 1,242 20. C21.0 17.0 25,232 27,447 21,114 25 33 6,862 6,968
Texas_________ 1,430 1,420 1, 250 23.4 26.0 23.0 34, 245 36,020 28, 750 25 33 0,230 9,488
Mountain........... 757 733 762 27.2 63.4 29.9 20,578 24, 617 22,820 27 31 6,603 7,120
Montana....... ..... 265 255 291 22.2 30.0 27.6 6,069 9,180 8,002 25 28 2,295 2,211
Idaho.............. 136 126 164 35.4 39.0 88.0 4,805 4, 914 6,232 26 28 1, 278 1, 745
Wyoming_____ 118 114 88 24.3 27.0 26.0 2,851 3,078 2,288 28 35 862 801
Colorado............ 162 163 145 27.7 31.0 20.0 4,504 5,053 4,205 27 36 1,36-4 I, 514
NewMexieo....... 25 30 29 23.2 22.0 22.0 575 660 638 36 30 238 2*19
Arizona............... 1C 1C 1C 27.5 20. (1 23.6 288 260 230 40 42 104 97
Utah_________ •38 28 28 36.6 39. (1 36.0 1,391 1,092 080 31 37 339 363
Nevada........... 3 7 7 35.0 40.0 35.0 96 280 245 44 45 123 110
Pacific_______ _ 546 648 715 36.1 30.7 37.8 19,648 16,828 26,890 37 36 6,261 9,722
Washington....... 162 158 229 48.3 42.5 49.0 7,879 6,715 11,221 35 36 2,350 4,040
Oregon................ 274 269 35

BARLEY AND RICE CROPS 713
N o . 6 8 5 . — B a r l e y a n d R ic e — A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t io n , a n d V a l u e , b y S t a t e s :
1928 to 1939
N O T E .— W e i g h t o f a b u s h e l o f b a r le y , 4 8 p o u n d s ; r ic e ( r o u g h ) , 45 p o u n d s . P r i c e s a r o w e ig h te d a v e r a g e
p r ic e s r e c e iv e d b y f a r m e r s fo r t h e c r o p - m a r k e t i n g s e a s o n
BARLEY
DIVISION AND STATE
ACREAGE HAR­
VESTED
1 9 2 8 -
1 9 3 7 ,
average
1 9 3 8 1 9 3 9 1
1 9 2 8 -
1 9 3 7 ,
average
YIELD PER
ACRE
1 9 3 8 1 9 3 9 )
1 9 2 8 -
1 9 8 7 ,
avera
g e
PRODUCTION
PRICE FOR
c h o p o f —
FARM
VALUE
1 9 3 8 1 0 3 0 ' 1 0 3 8 1 9 3 0 1 1 9 3 8 1 0 3 9 1
United States...
1,000
acres
1 1 , 0 1 7
1,000
acres
1 0 , 5 1 3
1,000
acres
1 2 , 6 0 0
Bu.
2 0 . 7
B n .
2 4 . 1
Bu.
2 1 . 9
1,000
bushels
2 3 3 , 0 2 1
uooo
buskels
2 5 3 , 0 0 5
i , m
bushels
2 7 6 , 2 9 8
Cts.
per
bu.
3 7
Cts.
per
bu.
4 0
1,000
dot.
9 2 , 6 0 9
1.000
aal,
1 1 1 ,1 5 9
N e w England.......... 8 9 9 2 7 . 0 2 9 . 0 2 8 . 4 2 1 6 2 6 1 2 6 6 6 7 6 3 1 7 6 1 7 5
Maine................... 4 4 4 2 9 . 2 2 9 . 0 2 9 . 0 1 1 4 1 1 0 Ilf) 7 0 7 0 8 1 8 1
Vermont............... 4 5 5 2 6 . 4 2 9 . 0 2 8 . 0 1 0 2 1 4 5 1 4 0 6 5 0 7 9 4 9 4
Middle Atlantic....... 2 2 9 2 1 7 2 7 6 2 4 . 3 2 9 . 5 2 B . 2 5 , 4 2 9 6 . 4 0 5 7 , 7 6 0 4 9 5 3 3 , 1 1 8 4 , 0 7 9
Now York............ 1 0 9 1 4 6 1 4 G 2 3 . 7 2 9 . 5 2 7 . 0 3 , 9 3 4 4 , 3 0 7 3 , 9 4 2 4 8 5 4 2 , 0 0 7 2 , 1 2 9
New Jersey.......... 1 2 5 2 7 . 1 3 1 . U 3 0 . 0 2 7 6 2 1 5 0 5 3 5 6 3 3 8 4
Pennsylvania___ 6 7 6 9 1 2 4 2 5 . 4 2 9 . 5 2 9 . 5 1 , 4 0 8 2 , 0 3 6 3 , 6 5 8 5 0 5 1 1 , 0 1 8 1 , 8 6 6
East North Central.. 1 , 4 0 9 1 . 1 2 5 1 , 2 4 0 2 5 . 9 3 0 . 8 2 7 . 9 3 6 , 4 5 0 34, hn. 3 4 , 6 5 5 61 4 9 1 7 , 2 3 7 1 7 , 1 1 2
Ohio...................... 8 4 2 8 5 0 2 3 . 3 2 5 . 0 2 6 . 0 2 . 0 5 1 7 0 0 1 , 2 5 0 4 2 4 4 2 9 4 5 5 0
Indiana................. 3fl 2 5 4 3 2 0 . 2 2 0 . (J 21.0 7 3 2 5 0 0 9 0 3 4 4 4 5 2 2 0 4 0 6
Illinois.................. 28C 1 3 5 1 0 9 2 4 . 8 3 0 . 0 2 4 . 6 7 , 2 9 1 4 , 0 5 0 4 , 1 4 0 4 1 4 1 1 , 6 6 0 1 , 6 0 7
M ichigan........... 2 2 6 1 6 6 1 9 9 2 2 . 6 2 7 . 5 20.0 5 . 1 1 6 4 , 6 6 6 , 5 , 7 7 1 4 8 4 7 2 , 1 9 1 2 , 7 1 2
Wisconsin............. 7 8 3 7 7 1 7 7 9 2 7 . 4 3 1 . 5 2 9 . 0 2 1 , 2 0 0 2 4 , 2 8 0 2 2 , 5 9 1 5 3 5 2 1 2 , 8 7 2 1 1 , 7 4 7
West North Central.. 6 , 9 2 9 8 , 4 0 1 7 , 7 7 3 1 8 . 9 2 2 . 2 1 9 . 0 IS O , 9 3 2 1 4 2 . 3 5 5 1 6 4 , 4 0 7 3 1 3 6 4 4 , 1 4 3 5 5 , 1 2 1
Minnesota............ 1 , 9 8 4 1 ,9 (5 0 2 , 1 3 6 2 1 . 9 2 4 . 5 2 8 . 0 4 4 , 0 9 1 4 8 , 0 2 0 5 9 , 8 0 8 3 5 3 8 1 6 , 8 0 7 2 2 , 7 2 7
Iowa..................... 5 4 2 4 4 7 5 6 3 2 4 . 5 3 0 . 5 2 4 . 5 1 8 , 7 2 9 1 3 . 6 3 4 1 3 , 7 9 4 3 4 3 0 4 , 6 3 6 4 , 0 6 6
Missouri............... 3 8 1 0 2 1 0 3 1 7 . 4 1 9 . 0 2 1 . 0 6 7 8 1 , 9 3 8 3 , 4 2 3 4 1 4 5 7 9 5 1 , 5 4 0
North Dakota__ 1 , 8 5 3 1 , 2 8 4 1 , 6 5 5 1 4 . 6 1 7 . 0 1 8 . 5 2 8 , 9 4 7 2 1 , 3 1 8 3 0 , 6 1 8 20 2 9 A 5 4 3 8 , 8 7 9
South Dakota___ 1 , 4 6 2 1 , 3 2 9 1 , 4 4 9 1 6 . 2 2 2 , 0 1 7 . () 2 5 , 2 6 3 2 9 , 2 8 8 2 4 , 6 3 3 2 9 3 4 8 , 4 7 9 8 , 3 7 6
Nebraska.............. 6 4 7 0 1 0 1 , 1 2 7 1 8 , 0 2 3 . 6 1 3 . 0 1 1 , 8 8 2 2 1 , 5 2 6 1 4 , 0 8 1 2 7 3 8 6 , 8 1 2 6 , 5 6 7
Kansas.................. 4 1 3 3 9 3 6 8 0 1 4 . 1 1 7 . 0 1 1 . 0 6 . 3 5 2 0 , Short-time average.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
Also published currently in part In Crops and Markets.
207700°—41-----47

7 1 4 farm: chops and foodstuffs
No- 6 8 6 .—Ryb and Grain Sorghums—Acreage, Production, and Value,
by States: 1 9 2 8 to 1 9 3 9
N ote.—Weight of a bushel of rye, 5fi pounds; grain sorghums, 5(5 and 50 pounds. Prices are average (for
rye, weighted average) prices received by farmers for the crop-marketing season
RYE
ACREAGE
HARVESTED
YIELD PER ACRE
PRODUCTION
PRICE FOR
CROP OF—
FARM VALUE
STATE
1938 19391
1028-
1997,
average
1028-
1937,
aver*
ago
1938 10301
1028-
1937,
average
1038 1030 < 1038 1039' 1938 19391
a s. Cts.
1,000 1,000 1,000
1,000 1,000 per per 1,000 1,000
acres acres acres Bu. Bu, Bu. bu. bu. ou. bu. dot. dot.
United States...... a, no 4,021 3,811 1U 13.8 10.3 36,330 55, 564 39,249 34 44 18, 783 17,333
Now York.......... 22 10 22 15.4 17.0 15.5 342 323 341 65 01 178 208
New Jersey-___ 25 22 23 17.4 17.0 17.0 429 374 391 60 70 224 274
Pennsylvania.... 113 61 73 13.7 14.5 14.6 1,544 884 1,053 56 62 495 050
Ohio................... 64 28 85 18.5 13.6 14.6 898 351 1,232 46 50 161 616
Indiana............... u s no 134 11.6 11.5 1 2 .0 1,370 1,265 1,008 43 44 544 708
Illinois._______ 80 100 88 11.9 13.5 12.5 971 1,350 1 ,1 0 0 41 .39 554 429
Michigan______ 159 115 121 11.7 13.5 12.5 1,886 1,552 1,512 42 47 652 711
Wisconsin_____ 228 330 238 10.8 13.0 1 0 .0 2,515 4,290 2,380 40 50 1 ,7 1 6 1,190
Minnesota_____ 406 547 625 14.8 18.0 14.0 6,138 9,846 7,350 32 40 3,151 2,940
Iowa ............... 71 120 72 14.0 16.5 14.6 1,124 1,860 1,044 35 39 051 407
Missouri_______ 29 37 42 9.0 1 0 .0 1 0 .0 258 370 420 47 ‘51 174 214
North D akota... 812 961 830 9.0 13.5 8.5 8,076 12,974 7,100 25 34 3,244 2,41(1
South Dakota. . 310 038 528 10.2 16.0 9.0 3,714 10,176 4,752 28 37 2,849 1,758
Nebraska___ _ 289 417 440 9.2 11.5 8.0 2,770 4,796 3,568 32 41 1,536 1,403
K ansas........ ...... 33 85 65 10.7 1 0 .6 1 0 .0 363 682 050 37 45 252 202
Delaware............ 7 9 12.6 14.0 13.0 79 98 117 70 09 69 81
Maryland.......... 29 14 20 13.0 12.5 1 2 .6 240 175 250 62 6 5 108 102
Virginia.............. 61 33 48 11.6 11.5 1 2 .0 603 437 676 74 76 323 438
West Virginia... 11 7 7 11,5 12.5 10.5 135 88 74 64 07 50 50
North Carolina.. 64 58 81 7.0 7.0 7.6 484 406 463 85 93 346 426
South Carolina.. 9 9 10 3.3 0.0 9.5 75 81 05 115 108 03 108
Georgia............... 17 19 21 6.0 8.0 6.5 103 114 136 104 104 119 141
Kentucky_____ 18 18 14 10,8 12.5 9.0 204 225 126 61 68 137 so
Tennessee........... 26 39 42 6.8 7.0 7.0 180 273 294 71 81 104 238
Oklahoma........... 18 40 62 7.9 8.6 8.5 141 340 527 46 42 150 221
Texas................ 3 4 7 10.6 10.6 8.5 30 42 60 54 47 23 28
M ontana............. 43 37 35 8,7 16.0 12.0 415 592 420 24 32 142 134
Idaho................... 6 8 5 11.0 12.0 11.0 57 90 55 35 52 34 29
Wyoming........... 25 30 26 6.7 6.5 8.0 176 195 200 31 40 60 92
Colorado............ 43 55 66 7.4 8.5 6.8 330 468 429 34 41 100 170
U tah................... 2 4 4 7.5 0.0 S.0 18 36 32 45 60 10 19
Washington....... 20 13 20 8.4 S.6 10.0 170 110 260 51 60 56 15(1
Oregon............... 31 50 45 12.9 12.5 12.5 397 625 562 44 69 275 332
California........... 28 5 6 *12.4 14.0 11.0 s 100 70 66 64 CO 38 44
GRAIN SORGHUMS 3
U n ite d States.. 7,263 7,680 1,065 11.8 12.9 10.3 36,296 99,138 83,102 39 58 38, 823 43,403
Missouri............. 188 250 225 11.5 14.5 16.0 2,085 3,626 3,600 57 64 2, 066 2, SOI
301 509 8.0 8. n
Nebraska............ 02 326 541 10.2 15.0 10.0 762 4,890 5,410 ' 80 50 1, 7G0 2,706
Kansas................ 1,208 1,343 1,310 10.8 11.0 8.5 12,888 14, 773 11,18Q 35 6 6 5, 171 6,201
Arkansas............ >70 60 57 ^9.4 9.5 9.5 2602 570 542 45 59 256 320
Oklahoma_____ 1,441 1,211 1,200 0.0 10.5 8.0 12,932 12,716 9,600 44 64 5 ,5 9 5 6,141
Texas. ............... 3,501 3,238 3,465 13.8 14.5 n .n 47, 741 46,951 38,115 37 59 17,372 22,488
Colorado...____ 227 421 253 8.0 11.0 8 .5 1,818 4,631 2; 150 34 56 1, 876 1,201
New Mexico— _ 305 350 350 11.2 8.5 13.5 3,484 2,975 4,725 38 50 1,130 2,362
Arizona----------- 35 35 30 27.1 31.5 25.3 947 1,102 759 43 67 529 .509
California_____ 104 146 109 28.4 31.0 27.0 2,999 4,495 2,943 53 73 2,382 2,148
■Preliminary,
s Short-time average.
s For all purposes; yield and production include grain equivalent on forago acreage.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service: annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
Also published currently In part in Crops and Markets.

COTTON CROP 7 1 5
No, 687.—Cotton and Cottonseed—Acreage, Production, and Vai/cb, by
S t a t e b : 1 9 1 1 to 1 9 3 9
N ote.—Cotton production excludes llnters. Figures for production in some States differ slightly from
Census figures on winnings due to ginnings in i State of cotton grown in another. Where figures arc
not shown for the Individual States, separate data are not available for the entire period but are included
in the United States totals. Yields and prices for the periods are simple averages of figures for individual
years. Tons are of 2,000 pounds
YEARLY AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Acres
Bales
(500
pounds
gross)
COTTON
Farm
value
Farm
Yield price
per acre per
pound1
COTTONSEED
Farm
value
Farm
price
per ton1
Quantity
Thousandsands
dollars Pounds Cents skorl tons dollars Dollars
Thou­
1,000
1,000 1,000
United States:
1011-1015______ 38,649 14,167 729,245 201 10.44 6,292 125,791 20.59
1916-1920- 33,534 11,918 1,468,022 170 24.01 5,296 277,640 53.28
1021-1925______ 36,895 11,515 1.277,208 161 22. 22 • 5,112 169,432 33.11
1926-1930........ - 42,212 14,834 1,127,044 168 15.38 6,593 187,499 28,82
1931-1935______ 31,671 12,684 551,384 191 9.16 6,641 97,722 10.15
1934.................- 26,866 9,636 695, 615 172 12.36 4,282 141, 732 33.10
1935............... . 27,509 10,638 590,137 185 11.09 4,720 144,279 30.51
1936__________ 29,755 12,399 764,433 199 12.33 5,511 183,336 33.27
1937............... 33,623 18,046 796,179 270 8.41 8,426 104,344 19.50
1938.................... 24,248 11,043 513, 638 236 8.60 5,310 115,695 21.79
1939__________ 23,806 11,817 536,744 238 9.09 6,260 111, 248 21.15
Alabama:
1911-1915............ 3,570 1,463 74,980 194 10.45 650 13,350 21.48
1016-1920........... 2,450 643 81,882 126 24.96 285 16, 633 57.43
1921-1925............ 2,797 864 96,312 146 • 22.47 384 13,060 84.56
1926-1930.-........ 3,438 1,319 97, 732 183 15.20 586 16,779 29.27
1931-1935______ 2,507 1,068 47,543 199 9.17 475 8,870 18. 73
1934.................... 2,133 950 57,453 213 12.10 422 13,504 32.00
1935........ ............ 2,243 1,059 66,073 226 10.70 471 12,764 27.10
1936.................... 2,321 1,145 60,910 236 12.21 609 16,878 33.16
1937.................... 2,694 1,631 69, 582 200 8.63 720 13,061 19.23
1938.................... 2,05$ 1,081 45,935 251 8.50 480 10.339 21.64
1939.................... 2,020 785 36,143 186 9.21 349 7,406 21.22
Arizona:
1017-1020............ 118 60 10,813 255 37.31 27 1,180 52.42
1021-1925............ 131 79 10.644 281 28.09 35 1,115 31,86
1926-1930............ 185 134 12,434 347 18.73 60 1,463 24.80
1931-1935............ 146 106 6,914 347 10.82 47 926 18.09
1034.................... 136 117 8,159 410 13.97 52 1,549 29.79
1935.................... 160 135 8,602 406 12.74 60 1,774 29.57
1936.................... 208 191 11,850 438 12.43 85 2,852 33.55
1037.................... 209 313 14, 085 501 9.00 139 2,665 19.17
1938.................... 203 196 9,118 462 9.31 87 1, 829 21.02
1939.................... 188 202 11, 200 514 11.10 00 2,080 23.11
Arkansas:
1911-1916........... 2,086 927 47, 690 212 10.37 412 8,196 20.24
1916-1920............ 2,510 1,039 122,780 IQS 24.53 402 23, 550 62.65
1021-1925............ 2,741 1,025 108, .148 176 22.07 455 13, 953 31.98
1926-1930........... 3,270 1,217 92, 226 178 15,13 641 15, 385 28.62
1931-1935............ 2,702 1,197 50,002 209 9.16 632 8, 724 10.28
1934.................... 2,167 869 53,157 192 12.23 386 12, 753 33.04
1035.................... 2,137 853 47,868 191 11.22 379 12. 431 32.80
1936.................... 2,490 1,295 78,748 249 12.16 676 20.097 34.89
1937.................... 2,782 1,904 77,386 328 8.13 847 15,407 18.19
1938.................. 2,125 1,349 58, 817 304 8,72 COO 13,218 22,03
1939.................... 2,125 1,413 62, 585 319 8.88 629 13,803 21.15
California:
1911-1915............ 20 15 730 375 10,49 6 121 19.98
1916-1920............ 90 48 5,719 264 24,90 21 1,033 51.40
1921-1925............ 101 60 6,906 263 23.18 27 948 35. 66
1926-1030............ 217 183 13,873 395 15.90 81 2,130 27.07
1931-1936............ 193 204 10,500 505 9.75 91 1,093 20.02
1934.................... 223 259 16,816 556 12.98 115 3,847 33.45
1935.................... 218 239 13,930 524 11.65 106 3,297 31.10
1936.................. 368 442 27.940 574 12.65 196 6,903 35.22
1937.................... 620 738 32,200 570 8.75 328 6,842 20.86
1938.................. 341 424 19,208 596 0.05 189 4,281 22.65
1939.................... 327 443 21,246 648 9.60 107 5,390 27.36
Florida:
1911-1015........... 251 67 4,604 128 13.95 30 575 19.79
1916-1920........... 175 31 5,260 85 33.16 14 754 54.26
1921-1926______ 107 24 2,569 198 22.08 10 347 34.69
1026-1930............ 116 33 2,304 132 15.36 15 386 27.42
1931-1935........... 103 31, 1,295 141 8.73 14 231 17.51
1934.................... 92 23 1,705 146 12. 24 12 320 26.67
1935................. 89 31 1,570 165 10. 29 14 333 23,79
1936................... 88 31 1,848 170 11.85 14 400 28.57
1937.................... 118 40 1,736 162 8.70 18 357 19.83
1938.................... 70 26 1,202 163 8.24 12 230 19.17
1939.................... 68 11 508 75 0.54 5 02 18.83
Total
farm
value
1,000
dollars
855,036 ‘
1,745,062
1,446,640
L, 314,543
649,106
737,347
734,416
947,769
960,523
629,333
647,092
88,330
98,415
108,302
114,511
56,113
70,957
69,437
86,788
83,543
56,274
43,549
11,993
11,759
13,897
6,840
9,708
10,370
14,702
16,750
10,947
13,280
55,886
146,330
122,101
107,611
58,786
65,910
60,299
98,845
92,793
72,035
75,88B
851
6,752
7,854
16,003
12,502
20,663
17,227
34,843
39,132
23,480
26,630
5,179
6,014
2,916
2,600
1,526
2,025
1,909
2,248
2,093
1,482
600
1Weighted average price for crop-markoting season. For 1933,1934,1937, and 1938, season average prices
0' cotton include unredeemed loan cotton at average loan value.

7 1 6 FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
No. 687.—Cotton and Cottonseed—Acreage, Production, and Value, by
States: 1911 to 1939—Continued
COTTON
c o t t o n s e e d
Y E A R L Y A V E R A G E
O R Y E A R
A c r e s
B a l e s
( 5 0 0
p o u n d s
g r o s s )
F a r m
v a l u e
Yield
per acre
Farm
price
per
pound i
Quantity
Farm
value
Farm
price
per ton1
Total
farm
value
G e o r g i a :
T h o u -
s a n d s
T h o u -
s a n d s
1,000
d o lla rs
1 0 1 1 - 1 9 1 5 ....................... 4 , 8 2 5 2 , 2 9 8 1 1 8 , 9 6 2
1 0 1 6 - 1 9 2 0 ................... 4 , 7 2 5 1 . 7 8 0 2 3 1 , 2 2 6
1 9 2 1 - 1 9 2 5 ....................... 2 ,9 9 1 8 5 2 9 5 , 1 6 2
1 0 2 6 - 1 9 3 0 ....................... 3 , 3 4 5 1 , 3 1 2 9 7 , 3 5 8
1 9 3 1 - 1 9 3 5 ....................... 2 , 4 4 0 1 , 0 7 5 4 8 , 7 0 0
1 9 3 4 ...................................... 2 , 1 4 2 9 0 8 , .18, 6 5 6
1 9 3 5 ..................................... 2 , 1 5 5 1 ,0 5 9 5 8 , 6 2 8
1 9 3 6 ..................................... 2 , 2 7 6 1 , 0 8 6 6 7 , 7 4 7
1 9 3 7 .................... ................. 2 ,6 6 1 1 , 5 0 0 6 4 , 5 7 3
1 0 3 8 ...................................... 2 , 0 0 9 8 5 2 3 7 , 0 0 9
1 9 3 9 ..................................... 1 ,0 2 0 9 1 5 4 2 , 7 7 8
L o u i s i a n a :
1 9 1 1 - 1 9 1 5 .............. 1 ,0 2 3 3 9 9 2 0 , 5 7 7
1 9 1 6 - 1 0 2 0 ....................... 1 ,2 7 3 4 7 1 5 8 , 2 4 8
1 9 2 1 - 1 9 2 5 ................... 1 ,2 9 0 4 7 9 5 0 , 7 5 1
1 9 2 6 - 1 9 3 0 ....................... 1 ,7 9 5 7 1 8 5 3 , 5 2 1
1 9 3 1 - 1 0 3 5 ....................... 1 ,4 5 3 6 0 6 2 6 , 1 5 0
1 9 3 4 ..................................... 1 ,1 8 9 4 8 6 3 0 , 1 9 5
1 9 3 5 ..................................... 1, 2 6 8 5 5 6 3 0 , 5 1 2
1 9 3 6 ..................................... 1 ,4 0 1 7 0 1 4 7 , 3 4 3
1 0 3 7 ..................................... 1, 5 6 9 1 , 1 0 4 4 6 , 3 5 2
1 9 3 8 ..................................... 1 ,1 1 9 6 7 6 2 8 , 9 0 4
1 9 3 0 ..................................... 1,120 745 33, 584
M i s s i s s i p p i :
1911-1915............. 2,946 1,152 60,858
1916-1920............. 2,858 900 123,085
1921-1925______ 3.016 1,099 123, 276
1926-1930............. 3,822 1, 619 127.301
1931-1936............. 3,176 1,300 59, 015
1034................... 2,530 1,142 71,894
1935..................... 2,740 1,259 71,287
1930..................... 2,098 1,911 123,006
1037..................... 3,421 2, 692 115,371
1938..................... 2,533 1,704 76, 091
1939................ 2, 540 1,582 73, 571
M i s s o u r i :
1911-1915............. 111 70 3, 355
1916-1020............. 122 66 7,505
1921-1925............. 316 168 10, 065
1926-1930............. 368 173 12,153
1031-1035............. 353 255 10, 506
1934..................... 316 238 14,712
1035..................... 310 177 9,883
1936..................... 410 308 18, 353
1937..................... 558 404 16,887
1038..................... 357 336 14, 739
1939..................... 377 437 19, 480
N e w M e x i c o :
1922-1925............. 77 41 4,840
1926-1930............. 120 85 6, 622
1931-1935............. 101 8 6 4, 086
1034..................... 00 90 5, 852
1935..................... 90 75 4, 434
1036..................... 116 111 6, 007
1937.................... 159 163 6, 862
1038..................... 04 96 4, 205
1939..................... 93 102 4,811
North Carolina:
1911-1916............. 1,364 872 45, 216
1916-1920............. 1,425 783 96, 428
1921-1925............. 1,541 911 103, 415
1926-1930............. 1,614 882 67, 444
1931-1935............. 1,086 660 30, 927
1934..................... 970 631 38,864
1935..................... 930 572 32, 873
1936.................... 057 597 38, 503
1037..................... 1,103 780 33, 457
1938..................... 857 388 16, 970
1939................ 787 457 21, 780
1,000 1,000
Pounds Cents short tons dollars Dollars
■ 227 10.68 1,020 21,478 21.07
180 25.62 700 45,986 5fi, 87
130 22.87 378 13,336 35.80
187 15.43 582 10,481 29.22
213 0. 23 477 8,900 19.20
216 12.12 430 13, 687 31.83
235 11.07 470 13, 226 28.14
228 12.48 482 15, 839 32. 86
270 8.61 666 13, 666 20. 52
203 8.69 ‘ 378j 8, 588 22. 72
227 9.35 407 8, 506 20.90
187 10.30 177 3,413 19. 02
177 21. 87 200 11, 228 52.40
170 21.48 212 6,694 31.54
191 15.19 319 8,581 27.33
198 0.20 269 4, 646 18.42
105 12. 46 215 6,833 31.78
210 10.97 247 7,496 30.35
260 12. 44 338 11, 414 33.77
337 8.40 491 9, 226 18. 79
289 8.55 301 6,195 20.58
,319 9.02 332 .6,388 10. 24
187 10.63 512 10, 567 21. 05
161 25.16 426 23,404 53. 74
170 23.20 488 15,839 33. 50
203 15.87 719 22,084 30.01
198 9.46 578 11,390 20.00
216 12. 50 607 17,603 34.72
220 11. 32 560 18,090 32. 32
305 12.97 849 30, 377 35.78
377 8.57 1,198 23, 780 19.85
322 8.93 757 17, 640 23.31
299 9.30 705 15,552 22.00
208 9.85 31 080 22. 39
259 23.32 29 1,505 53.02
274 20.66 74 2,793 38.02
224 14. 51 77 2,071 27.72
344 8. 77 113 1,888 18.24
360 12.37 106 3,130 29.01
265 11.15 79 2,479 31.38
360 11.90 137 4, 622 33.74
346 7.87 179 3,059 17.00
450 8.78 149 2,932 19. 68
555 8.91 194 3,785 19. 51
242 24.55 18 507 34.43
336 15.88 38 972 20.05
413 9.51 38 732 10.47
480 12.99 40 1,400 35.00
308 11.85 33 1,088 32.97
457 12.61 49 1, 530 31.22
490 8.43 72 1,449 20.13
480 8. 75 43 954 22.19
523 9.46 45 1,082 24. 05
304 10.53 386 8,799 23.47
263 24.64 347 19,805 57.87
284 22. 52 404 14,935 36.79
260 15. 44 391 11,712 30.23
292 9.54 293 6,086 20.17
311 12.31 280 9, 612 34. 33
294 11.49 254 7,040 31. 26
298 12.90 265 9,039 34.11
338 8.58 346 6,913 19.98
216 8,74 172 3,898 22. 66
296 9. 54 203 4, 527 22. 30
1Weighted average price for crop-marketing season. For 1933, 1034. 1937.
prices of cotton include unredeemed loan cotton at average loan value.
and 1938, season
7.000
dollars
140,430
277,212
108,488
113,839
57.000
72,343
71,854
83,586
78, 239
45,597
51,281
23,990
09,476
57,445
62.102
30.005
37,028
38,008
58,757
55, 578
35,090
30,972
71,425
146,480
139,115
149,445
71.005
88,997
89,386
154,283
139,151
93,737
89,123
. 4,035
9,010
10,458
14,224
12,484
17,851
12,362
22,975
18,946
17, 671
23,265
5,446
7,594
4,818
7,252
5, 522
8,527
8,311
5,159
54,015
116,233
118,350
79,156
36,612
48,476
40,813
47,542
40,370
20,808
20, 307
average

COTTON CROP 717
N o. 6 8 7 . — C o t t o n a n d C o t t o n s e e d — A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t io n , a n d V a l u e , b t
S t a t e s : 1911 to 1939— Continued'
COTTON
COTTONSEED
YEARLY AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Acres
Bales
(600
pounds
gross)
Farm
value
Yield
per aore
Farm
price
per
poundi
Quantity
Farm
value
Farm
price
per to n 1
Total
farm
value
Thousands
sands dollars Pounds Cents short tons dollars Dollars dollars
Thou-. 1,000
1,000 1,000
1,000
Oklahoma:
1 9 1 1 -1 8 1 6 .................. 2,721 057 4 6 ,1 2 3 170 9.06 425 7 ,6 8 ! 1 9 .3 2 5 3 ,8 0 4
1910—1020.................. 2 ,8 2 3 942 107,210 161 2 3 .0 0 419 19, 425 4 9 .4 8 1 2 6 .6 3 5
1921—1925.................. 3,481 993 100,274 126 2 1 .6 5 441 1 3 ,4 8 3 3 0 .2 7 1 1 9 ,7 5 7
1 9 2 6 -1 8 3 0 ................... 4, 052 1 ,2 0 2 8 8 ,1 2 3 141 1 4 .8 1 534 1 4 ,4 1 0 2 8 .0 2 102, 642
1 9 3 1 -1 9 3 6.................. 2 ,8 0 2 900 8 4 ,9 4 0 147 8 .0 2 400 5 ,4 1 5 1 8 .2 0 4 0 ,3 5 5
1034.............................. 2,647 321 18,9 0 4 58 1 1 .7 7 143 4 ,8 5 3 3 3 .0 4 2 3 ,7 6 7
1935.............................. 2, 318 507 29,9 2 0 117 1 0 .5 0 • 252 7 ,4 3 9 2 9 .5 2 3 7 ,3 6 5
1936.............................. 2, 251 290 16,0 0 7 62 1 1 .0 2 129 3 ,8 4 9 2 9 .8 4 1 9 ,8 1 6
2037.............................. 2 ,3 7 2 773 27,801 156 7 .2 2 344 6 ,1 5 1 1 7 .8 8 3 4 ,0 4 2
1938.............................. 1,650 5S3 2 2 ,3 7 2 163 7 .0 5 250 4 ,0 2 0 19.68 2 7 ,2 9 2
1939............................... 1 ,7 8 4 526 2 2 ,0 7 2 1 41 8 .3 0 2 34 4 ,7 2 2 2 0 .1 8 2 6 ,7 9 4
South Carolina:
1 9 1 1 -1 9 1 5 .................. 2 ,4 3 6 1 ,3 7 6 7 1 ,8 2 3 2 08 1 0 .8 1 • 610 1 3 ,4 8 0 2 2 .7 4 8 5 .3 0 3
1 0 1 6 -1 9 2 0 ................. 2 ,6 9 2 1 ,3 6 8 173,783 250 2 5 .2 9 6 02 3 4 ,1 9 5 5 7 .3 5 2 0 7 .9 7 8
1021-1 9 2 6 ................... 1 ,9 6 2 743 8 3 ,7 2 4 181 2 2 .7 5 3 29 1 2 ,0 0 0 3 6 .7 0 9 6 ,7 9 0
1926-193(1.................. 2 ,0 5 1 859 0 5 ,1 5 8 2 00 1 5 .6 8 381 1 1 ,0 7 8 3 0 .0 2 7 6 ,2 3 6
1 9 3 1 -1 9 3 8 .................. 1 ,4 8 9 770 3 5 ,9 2 5 2 4 9 9 .5 3 344 0 ,4 8 2 1 9 .6 6 4 2 ,4 0 7
1934.............................. 1 ,2 8 6 678 4 1 ,8 8 5 2 5 2 1 2 .3 5 301 1 0 ,0 5 6 3 3 .4 1 5 1 .0 4 1
1935.............................. 1 ,3 0 2 744 4 2 ,0 5 5 201 1 1 .3 1 3 30 9 ,7 0 8 2 9 .6 0 5 1 ,8 2 3
1030.............................. 1 ,3 9 9 816 5 2 .8 2 2 2 79 1 2 .9 5 3 62 1 2 ,1 3 8 3 3 .6 3 6 4 ,9 6 0
1937.............................. 1 ,6 9 5 1 ,0 2 3 4 3 ,7 9 8 2 80 8 .6 0 455 9 ,0 3 6 1 6 .8 6 5 2 ,8 3 4
1938.............................. 1,243 648 2 8 ,8 2 6 2 49 8 .9 0 288 6 .0 3 3 2 3 .0 3 3 5 ,4 5 9
1939............................... 1 ,2 1 8 871 4 1 ,2 7 9 3 42 9 .4 8 3 87 8 ,2 9 0 2 1 .4 2 4 0 ,5 6 9
Tennessee:
1 9 1 1 -1 9 1 5 ................... 770 359 1 8 ,4 7 5 2 20 1 0 .4 8 160 3 ,6 1 0 2 2 .6 0 2 1 ,9 3 6
1 0 1 0 -1 9 2 0 ................... 808 318 3 7 .4 9 2 188 2 4 .1 2 141 7 ,6 2 7 5 4 .8 0 4 5 ,1 1 9
1 9 2 1 -1 9 2 6 ................... 927 358 3 7 ,8 8 0 188 2 1 .9 6 150 5 ,3 0 1 3 5 .0 9 4 3 ,2 7 7
1 0 2 0 -1 0 3 0 ................... 1 ,0 4 3 426 32,0 7 7 190 1 5 .0 2 189 5 ,5 2 7 2 9 .2 8 3 7 ,6 0 4
1 0 3 1 -1 9 3 5.................. 001 448 18,986 2 37 8 .9 3 190 3 ,5 8 4 1 9 .9 6 2 2 .5 6 9
1934.............................. 759 406 24,3 9 0 265 1 2 .0 5 1 80 0 ,2 1 7 3 4 .6 4 3 0 ,6 0 7
1935............................ 750 317 17,2 9 8 202 1 0 .9 1 141 4 ,7 0 9 3 3 .8 2 2 2 ,0 6 7
1936.............................. 797 433 25, 089 260 1 2 .0 0 192 6 ,6 6 8 3 4 .7 3 3 2 ,0 6 7
1 0 3 7 .............................. 937 001 20, 741 338 S. 00 2 94 5 ,3 3 3 1 8 .1 4 32, 074
1 9 3 8 ............................ 733 400 22,086 320 9 .0 2 218 4 ,9 7 0 2 2 .8 0 2 7 ,0 5 6
1 9 3 9 ............................... 707 440 20, 200 306 8 .9 9 2 00 4 ,5 4 6 2 2 .7 3 2 4 ,7 4 6
Texas:
1 9 1 1 -1 9 1 6 .................. 11,458 4 ,1 8 0 214.1 4 4 176 1 0 .3 3 1 ,8 5 9 3 8 ,0 1 3 1 8 .6 0 2 4 7 ,7 5 7
1916-1 0 2 0 _____ 11,526 3 ,8 9 8 404, 768 141 2 4 .7 3 1, 512 7 0 ,8 7 1 4 9 .3 5 4 7 6 ,6 3 9
1 9 2 1 -1 9 2 5 .................. 14, 325 3, 774 4 2 6 ,4 8 4 126 2 1 .9 6 1, 679 5 4 ,1 1 9 3 1 .5 0 4 8 0 ,6 0 3
1 9 2 0 -1 0 3 0.................. 16,1368 4 ,0 1 2 364,4 0 3 132 1 5 .3 0 2 .0 5 4 5 7 ,6 5 9 2 8 .3 0 4 1 2 ,1 5 2
1 9 3 1 -1 9 3 5 .................. 11,082 3 ,0 2 1 108,845 155 0 .0 3 1 ,7 4 7 2 8 ,2 1 2 1 0 .0 2 192,057
1934.............................. 10,0 9 7 2 ,4 0 1 1 60,181 111 1 2 .5 1 1 ,0 6 9 35, 512 3 3 .2 2 1 8 5 ,6 9 3
1 9 3 5 .............................. 10,657 2 ,9 5 0 102,4 2 0 133 1 0 .0 0 1, 310 4 0 ,8 3 5 3 1 .0 3 2 0 3 ,2 5 5
1 930.............................. 11,597 2 ,9 3 3 1 73,408 121 1 1 .8 8 1 ,3 0 0 30, 964 3 0 .0 0 213, 402
1 937.............................. 12,539 6 ,1 6 4 217,490 197 8 .4 4 2 ,2 9 4 45, 940 2 0 .0 3 2 6 3 ,4 3 0
1 0 3 8 ............................ 8 ,7 8 4 3 ,0 8 6 1 26,994 168 8 .2 3 1 ,3 7 3 28, 778 2 0 .9 6 155,7 7 2
1 930............................... 8, 520 2 ,8 4 0 124,1 0 4 160 8 .7 2 1, 208 25, 250 1 0 .9 2 149,303.
Virginia:
1913-1 9 1 5 ................... 43 24 1 ,3 0 7 272 1 0 .8 1 11 250 2 4 .4 6 1 ,5 6 3
1 9 1 6 -1 9 2 0 .................. 45 25 a 040 202 2 4 .8 4 11 601 55,6Q 3 ,6 4 1
1 9 2 1 -1 9 2 5 ............. 76 41 4,813 259 2 2 .5 8 18 704 3 7 .0 4 5 ,5 1 7
1 9 2 0 -1 9 3 0 .................. 83 47 8 ,4 0 0 269 1 5 .0 8 21 053 3 1 .8 7 4 ,1 2 2
1 9 3 1 -1 9 3 5 .................. 63 37 1,047 281 9 .2 1 10 321 20. f>2 . 1 ,0 6 8
1 9 3 4 .............................. 57 30 2 ,1 7 2 302 1 2 .0 8 16 573 3 5 .8 1 2 ,7 4 6
1935.............................. 52 30 1 ,7 0 0 273 1 1 .4 3 13 413 3 1 .7 7 2 ,1 1 3
1 930.............................. 53 33 2 ,0 4 4 298 1 2 .3 5 15 519 3 4 .6 0 2 ,5 6 3
1 037.............................. 60 43 1,800 312 8 .3 4 19 371 1 9 .6 3 2 ,1 7 1
1938............................... 40 12 532 149 8. 55 6 134 2 2 .3 3 666
1 930............................... 32 13 580 191 9 .2 3 6 139 2 3 .1 7 728
Other States:
1 9 2 0 -1 0 3 0 ................ .. 25 10 007 183 1 4 .9 1 4 118 2 9 .1 0 815
1 0 3 1 -1 0 3 5 .................. 24 15 646 301 8 .8 5 7 1 25 10.01 771
1 934.............................. 32 18 1,120 277 12. 24 8 274 33. S3 1 ,3 9 4
1 936.............................. 21 9 472 193 1 0 .9 6 4 128 3 3 .6 8 000
1936....................... 25 16 968 313 1 2 .0 3 7 247 3 4 .7 9 1 ,2 1 5
1937............................... 30 23 878 301 7 .8 1 10 179 1 7 .9 0 1 ,0 5 7
1938............................ .. 20 16 630 379 7. 70 7 150 2 0 .5 5 780
1939............................... 20 20 814 470 8 .2 3 0 181 2 0 .5 7 995
1Weighted average price for crop-marketing season. For 1933,1934, 1937, and 1938, season average prices
of cotton include unredeemed loan cotton at average loan value.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics,
Also published currently in part in Crops and Markets.

7 1 8 farm crops a nd fo o d st u ffs
N o. 6 8 8 .— H a y , T a m e — A c k e a g e , P r o d u c t io n , a n d V a l u e , b y St a t e s : 1928
t o 1939
ACREAGE HAR­
VESTED
YIELD PER ACRE PRODUCTION PRICE3FOR
CROP OF— FARM VALUE *
DIVISION AND
STATE
1928-
1937,
average
1938 19393
1938 1939 3 1928-
1937,
average
1028-
1937,
average
1938 19393 1938 1939 1938 1039
1,000 1,000 1,000
acres acres ceres
Tons4
tFn.itedSta.tes_ 55, 517 56,925 58,347 Tons
1.24 Tonsi
t,000 1,000 1,000
tons4tons*
tons4
1.42 1. 30 08,705 81,048 76, 726
Dolls,
■per
ton
7.15
Dolls.
per
ton
7.94
1,000
dolls.
679,488
1,000
dolls.
601,044
New England-___ 2,991 3, 094 s, no 1.09 1.18 1.10 3, 263 3, 585 3,413 10.90 11.44 39,086 30, 053
Maine................ 991 1,004 1,005 .87 .93 .91 m 935 918 s. in 8. 20 7,574 7‘ 598
NewHampshire. 372 386 388 1.02 1.05 1.02 380 405 394 10.80 11.80 4,374 4,049
Vermont............. 926 927 883 1.17 1.18 1.21 1,08(1 1,096 1,133 9.20 9.90 10,083 11,217
Massachusetts..- 361 891 396 1.32 1.47 1.27 479 575 504 14. 50 16.00 8,338 S' 064
Ehodo Island__ 40 45 45 1.25 1.29 1.16 49 PS 52 15. 00 16.90 905 870
Connecticut....... 301 341 343 1.81 1. 51 1.20 300 516 412 15.10 16.30 7,792 6,710
Middle Atlantic. .. 6,813 6, 643 8®587 1.22 i. 87 1.08 8,280 9,076 7,136 8.29 12.00 75,261 85,643
Now Y ork......... 4,086 4.009 3,962 1.21 1.36 1.05 4,941 5,436 4,170 7.20 11.80 39,139 49j 312
New Jersey......... 222 216 219 1.51 1.65 1.37 335 357 299 12.90 17.50 4,605 5, 232
Pennsylvania-... 2,606 2,418 2,406 1.20 1.36 1.10 3,004 3, 283 2, 658 9. 60 11.70 31,517 31,090
East North Central. 12,933 13,851 14,186 1.20 1.52 1.39 15, 545 21,073 19,727 6.20 e. 82 131,953 136, 604
Ohio................ 2,607 2,649 2, 72(1 1.10 1.40 1.32 2,86C 3, 713 3, 577 5. 50 6.70 20,422 23j 966
Indiana.............. 1,841 2, 026 1,969 1.12 1.42 1.38 2,052 2,872 2,723 5.70 6.70 16,370 18' 244
Illinois................ 2,690 2,878 2,877 1.18 1.49 1.45 3.164 4,295 4,183 6.30 6.40 27,058 26, 771
Michigan............ 2,580 2, 644 2,640 1.18 1.40 1.29 3,040 3.714 3,415 6.30 7.00 23,398 23,905
Wisconsin........... 3,215 3, 655 3,980 1,37 1.77 1.46 4,420 6,470 5,829 0.90 7.60 44,706 43, 718
West North Central. IS, 486 12, 238 IS, 985 1.17 1.41 1.29 15, 725 17,313 16,734 5.05 5. OS 87,370 84,902
Minnesota.......... 2,625 2,882 3,070 1.31 1.70 1.55 3,433 4,913 4,773 4.20 4.30 20,635 20, 524
Iowa................... 3,090 3,058 3,493 1. 32 1.61 1.38 4,082 4,936 4,814 5.70 5.00 28,135 28,958
Missouri............. 2,826 2, 404 2,954 .88 1.02 1.09 2,472 2,461 3,222 6.40 5.70 15,750 18, 365
North Dakota... 1, 201 1,125 1,044 .!M 1,11 1.05 1,008 1,254, 1,094 4.00 3.30 5,016 8, 610
South D akota... 1,049 879 775 .85 1.02 .93 901 893 719 4.30 4.70 3,840 3‘ 379
Nebraska............ 1,560 1,130 909 1.39 1.49 1.23 2,181 1,685 1,118 4.90 5.60 8,256 6,201
Kansas............... 1,116 760 739 1.38 1.54 1.35 1,558 1,171 094 4,90 5.90 5, 738 5i 805
South Atlantic____ 4.236 5, 066 6, 202 .84 .03 .86 3,572 4,708 4,472 11, 20 12.10 63,134 54, 092
Delaware............ 02 69 72 1.31 1.39 1.26 82 06i 91 30.20 11.20 079 1,010
Maryland........... 382 397 413 1. 21 1.41 1.25 464 558 518 9.40 10.00 5,245 5,491
Virginia.......... 954 1,050 1,036 .95 1.09 .95 • 916 1,146 983 11.30 11.70 12, 050 11, 501
West Virginia__ 676 684 708 .05 1.17 1.01 645 802 718 10.10 10.70 8,100 7, 083
North Carolina.. 818 1,057 1,107 .so ,01 .90 654 958 991 13.20 14.10 12,646 13, 973
South Carolina.. 464 616 655 .72 .76 .83 338 470 541 12.70 13. QQ 5,969 7,520
Georgia............... 792 1,085 i, in .53 .67 .52 425 md 579 10.80 11.00 6, 085 0) 369
Florida............... 88 102 100 .66 .58 .51 48 59 51 9.50 10.50 560 ' 530
East South Central.. 8,928 4,698 4,725 .94 1.14 1. 06 8,079 5,338 4, 947 8.77 9.44 46,778 48, 720
Kentucky........... 1,278 1,319 1,367 .98 1.30 1.16 1,270 1,720 1,582 7.80 8.90 13,416 14,080
Tennessee.......... 1,463 1,660 1,621 .89 1.12 1.00 1,805 1,851 1, 629 8.00 9.20 14,808 14j 987
Alabama............ 638 842 840 .72 .80 .71 460 676 596 10,90 10.30 7,368 0,130
Mississippi......... 549 877 897 1.17 1.24 1.27 644 1,086 1,140 10.30 10.10 11,180 11, 514
West South Central. 2,198 2,873 3,101 1.07 1.10 1.06 2,351 3,150 3,263 7.28 8.83 22,921 27,185
Arkansas............ 710 042 901 1.00 1.04 1.09 713 980 1,080 8.00 7.90 7,840 8j 532
Louisiana........... 245 302 321 1.20 1.11 1.26 292 336 400 9.80 10.00 3,293 4' 304
Oklahoma_____ 514 593 626 1.26 1.39 1.21 646 822 755 5.60 7.50 4,603 5,062
Texas.................. 723 1,038 1,163 .98 .98 .88 700 1,012 1,022 7.10 8.50 7,185 8,687
Mountain............... 5,486 5,178 6,144 1.63 1.79 1.65 8,949 9,265 8,483 6,51 7.19 60,270 60,692
Montana............ 1,485 1,255 1, 290 1.18 1.55 1.47 1,752 1,940 1,900 5.00 5.00 10,670 9i 500
Idaho.................. 1,051 1,028 1,040 2.13 2.26 2.11 2,240 2,323 2,106 0. 60 6.60 15,332 14| 494
Wyoming........... 733 801 732 1.22 1.10 1.10 895 933 803 6,00 7.80 6,158 6,263
Colorado............ 1,160 1,084 1,037 1.57 1.75, 1.48 1,828 1,892 1,537 6.10 9.10 Hi 541 18, 0R7
New Mexico....... 134 136 136 1.99 1.07 1.96 260 268 266 8.20 9.40 2,198 2, 500
Arizona...... ........ 194 106 218 2.62 2.49 2.18 509 488 475 8.10 8.20 3,953 3,895
Utah................... 536 494 507 2.02 2.13 1.91 1,089 1,051 968 7.8Q 8.60 8,198 8i 325
Nevada.............. 193 184 184 1.91 2.01 1.84 370 370 338 6.00 6.00 2,220 2,028
Pacific............... 3,447 3,284 3,297 2.15 2.80 2.29 7,412 7,645 7,551 8.31 8. 71 62,733 65.793
Washington.. .. 900 940 989 1.81 1.82 1.91 1,622 1,707 1,891 8.70 8.70 U, 851 10, 452
Oregon................ 887 838 824 1.77 1.77 1.79 1, tww 1,486 1,476 8.50 8.20 12,631 12,103
California........... 1,060 1, 506 1,484 2. 55 2.89 2.82 4, 222 4,352 4,184 8.10 8.90 35,251 37, 238
* Basis, uoo. l price. 4 p r e l i m i n a r y . ------- ■Tons oi a,uuu pounds.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
Also published currently in part in Crops and Markets,

h a y c h o p 719
N o. 6 8 9 . — H a y , W i l d — A c e e a g e , P r o d u c t i o n , a n d V a l u e , b y S t a t e s : 1928
t o 1939
ACREAGE HAR­
VESTED
YIELD TER ACRE
PRODUCTION
TRICE 1FOR
CROP OF—
FARM
VALUE2
DIVISION AND
STATS
1928-
1037,
A v e r­
age
1938 19303
m s -
1937.
A v e r ­
a g e
1938 1939 3
1928-
1937,
A v e r ­
age
1938 19393 1938 1930 1938 1939
U n ite d S ta te s
1,000
acres
12,104
1,000
acres
11,826
1,000
acres
10,898
T o n s * T o n s * T o n s *
0. 76 0. 89 0.81
1 ,0 0 0
to n s *
9,414
1 ,0 0 0
to n s
io , m
1,000
to n s <
8,800
D o t.
per
to n
4.23
M .
p e r
to n
4.61
1,000
llol.
44,368
1,000
d o l.
40,607
N e w E n g la n d ........... 87 44 44 .9 2 1,05 1.00 34 46 44 0.96 8.11 820 357
M a in e ...................... 6 8 7 .9 3 LOO .9 5 6 8 7 5.00 6,80 40 41
N e w H a m p s h ire . 6 7 8 .0 0 .9 5 .9 0 5 7 7 6.80 7.30 48 51
V e r m o n t................. 8 10 10 .9 1 .95 1.00 7 10 10 5.00 7.00 50 70
M a s s a c h u s e tts ... a s s .9 3 1.00 .9 5 7 s 3 7.70 0,40 62 75
R h o d e I s la n d ___ 1 1 1 .8 0 .8 0 .8 5 1 1 1 8.00 10.00 8 10
C o n n e c tic u t......... 8 10 10 1.08 1.16 1.10 8 12 11 9.30 10.00 112 n o
M id d le A tla n tic___ €8 91 84 .9 7 1.09 .8 9 66 93 76 5.14 7.89 478 549
N e w Y o r k ............. 42 66 58 .9 0 LOO .8 5 39 65 49 4.30 6,90 280 338
N e w J e rs e y _____ 13 32 12 1 .28 1 .3 0 1.30 17 16 * 16 7.00 7.80 122 125
P e n n s y lv a n ia ___ 13 14 14 .8 1 .8 5 .7 0 10 12 10 6.30 8.60 76 83
E a st N o rth C e n tra l. 853 222 301 .93] .96i 1.01 329 214 305 4,53 4.73 969 1,440
O h io .......................... 4 5 6 .7 2 .8 0 .8 5 3 4 4 3.10 3.20 12 13
I n d i a n a . . .............. 0 6 6 .8 7 1 .0 0 .9 0 8 0 5 4.20 4.20 25 21
Illin o is ..................... 20 16 12 .8 2 .8 0 .8 0 17 12 10 4.00 4.00 55 40
M ic h ig a n _______ 36 26 28 .8 1 .8 6 .8 5 28 22 24 4.30 4.50 05 108
W is c o n s in .............. 284 170 260 .9 8 1 .00 1.05 273 170 262 4.60 4.80 782 1,258
W est N o rth C e n tra l. 8,648 8.273 7,373 .7 3 .8 3 .7 4 6,302 6, 844 5,470 3.45 3.67 23,589 19,645
M in n e s o ta ______ 1.721 1,428 1,357 .9 0 1 .10 LOO 1.553 1,571 1,357 2.85 2.85 4,477 3,807
Tow a.......................... 188 152 135 .9 0 L 15 1.05 179 175 142 4.50 4.80 788 682
M is s o u ri .............. 134 140 115 .9 4 1.15 L 20 127 101 138 4.75 4.50 765 621
N o r tli D a k o t a .. . 1,527 1,526 1,282 .7 2 .8 0 .7 5 1.160 1,221 962 3.65 3.20 4,336 3,078
S o u th D a k o t a .. . 1, 070 1,838 1,030 .5 2 .5 5 .6 5 018 i, o n 900 3.50 3.60 3,53$ 3,150
N e b r a s k a ................ 2,691 2,492 2,193 .6 3 .7 5 .6 0 1, 600 1,809 1,316 3. 55 4.10 6, 685 5,396
K a n s a s ..................... 819 697 C65 .8 6 1 .20 LOO 70S 836 655 3.66 4.20 3,051 2,751
S outh A tla n tio ____ 86 101 119 .8 4 .9 1 .9 2 71 62 109 8.97 e. 39 826 1,018
D e la w a re ................ 2 1 1 1.08 1.00 1.00 2 1 1 6.40 8.00 6 8
M a r y l a n d .............. 4 4 4 .8 0 1.16 1.00 3 5 4 8,00 8.00 40 32
V ir g in ia ................... 9 13 10 .7 8 .8 0 .8 5 7 10 14 9.10 9.10 91 127
W e s t V ir g in ia .— 10 10 12 .7 6 .9 5 .8 6 7 10 10 8,10 6. 00 81 06
N o r t h C a r o lin a .. 24 31 40 ,9 6 1,00 1.10 23 31 44 9.50 10.30 294 453
S o u th C a r o lin a .. 15 22 25 ,7 a .8 0 .7 6 12 18 19 8.70 9.60 157 182
G e o rg ia .................... 10 19 20 .8 2 .8 5 .8 0 15 16 16 9.20 8.70 147 139
F l o r i d a - .................. 2 . 1 1 .7 2 .6 0 .0 6 2 1 1 9.00 9.00 9 0
E ast South C e n tra l. 164 108 197 .8 6 1. 02 1.06 133 109 209 6.80 6.74 1,140 1,408
K e n t u c k y .............. 21 25 25 .0 0 L 10 1.10 18 28 28 5.10 5.80 143 148
T e n n e s s e e .............. 36 32 47 .7 4 .9 0 .9 6 27 29 45 6.40 6.40 157 288
A la b a m a ................. 41 40 40 .7 8 .9 0 .8 5 32 36 34 8.40 7.60 302 258
M is s is s ip p i............ 60 09 85 .9 9 1 .10 1 .20 50 70 ‘ 102 7.20 7.00 547 714
W est S o u th C e n tra l. 806 917 911 .8 8 L 10 1.01 800 1,013] 924 5.38 6.39 5,451 5, 810
A r k a n s a s .............. 166 108 143 .0 5 1 .05 1.16 147 170 104 5.70 6.10 1,003 1,000
L o u is ia n a ______ 21 18 19 1. 00 1.30 1 .3 0 21 23 25 7.10 6.60 163 102
O k la h o m a .............. 497 460 478 .8 5 1 .1 6 1 .00 424 529 478 4.00 5.80 2,433 2,772
T e x a s ........................ 232 271 271 .9 0 L 05 .9 5 208 286 257 6.50 7.30 1,852 1,876
M o u n ta in __________ 1,499 1,576 1,473 .8 4 .9 4 .8 6 1,259 1,483 1,262 5.71 6.32 8,469 7,078
M o n ta n a ................ 549 599 551 .7 5 .9 5 1 .00 421 660 551 5.40 4.95 3,073 2,727
I d a h o . ................ 91 82 81 .0 6 1 .00 .9 0 87 82 73 5.30 5.60 435 409
W y o m in g ............... 284 292 269 .7 1 .7 5 .6 0 200 219 161 6.50 7.70 1,424 1,240
C o lo ra d o ................. 354 374 344 .0 2 L 00 .8 0 329 374 275 6.00 8.50 2,244 2,338
N e w M e x ic o ____ 23 25 24 .7 7 .6 0 .5 5 18 16 13 7.50 7.40 112 96
A riz o n a ................... 11 7 7 ,0 0 L 00 .8 0 10 7 6 8.00 8.00 56 48
U t a h ......................... 64 60 60 1 .02 L 10 1.00 60 oe ec 4.70 7 1 0 31C 426
N e v a d a . . .............. 123 137 137 .9 7 1 .1 0 .0 0 122 161 123 6.40 5.00 815 089
P a c ific _____________ 404 436 396 1.03 1.21 1 .02 418 629 402 6.89 6.24 3,118 2,509
W a s h i n g t o n ____ 30 29 28 1 .2 0 1 .15 1 .2 0 36 33 34 7.40 7.60 244 268
O re g o n ..................... 230 220 209 .9 7 1 .15 LOO 223 253 209 5.50 5.60 1,302 1,170
C a lifo rn ia ............... 144 187 159 1 .08 1 .3 0 LOO 150 243 159 6.10 6.80 1,482 1,081
>D e c . 1 p ric e . 3 B asis, D ec. 1 p ric e . 3 Preliminary. < T o n s o f 2,000 p o u n d s .
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistic?,
Also published currently in part in Crops and Market?,

7 2 0 FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
N o. 6 9 0 .— T r u c k C h o p s, C o m m e r c ia l — A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t io n , a n d Va l u e ,
bi K in d , 1928 t o 1939, a n d f o r L e a d in g S t a t e s , 1939
Note.—Only States with a crop of commercial importance are included. Approximate weights of the
units of measurements arc as follows: Number of pounds to the crate—asparagus, 24; cantaloups, 60;
cauliflower, 37; celery, 90 (£$ size crates); strawberries, 36 (24-quart crates). Number of pounds to the
bushel—carrots, 50; cucumbers, 48; eggplant, 33; kale, 18; peppers, 25; potatoes, 60. Number of pounds
to a box of artiohokes, 40. Lettuce is in western crates (mostly 4 to 6 dozen heads), 70 pounds; onions
and garlic, 100-pound sacks. Tons are of 2,000 pounds, values are based on average seasonal farm prices.
ACREAGE
PRODUCTION (THOUSANDS OP
UNITS)
CROP
1928-
1937,
average
1937 less lose
1939, loading
States
Unit
1828-
1837,
average
1937
8,170 10,100 9, 700 10,200 Calif................. Box"........ 880 808
105,150 108i 520 113, 050 123,050 Calif., N. J....... D, 716 10,245
• 38, 670 56 100 06,320 01,020 N. J., Del
188, 160 229,830 253,320 227,430 Fla., Md._....... Ton......... 3245 204
i 18,160 2\, 760 21,980 19,170 Tex., N. Y___ 13 90 107
165,460 191,330 180,390 182,040 Tox,, N. Y....... 81,082 31,108
Cantaloups.......... 116, 270 115,290 122,250 133,410 Calif., Colo___ Crato___ 314, 062 14,206
32,780 39,610 44,220 48,520 Calif., Tox....... a 11, 587 14,183
Cauliflower.......... 28,460 29,150 28,680 28, 250 Calif., N. Y ..„ Crate___ >6,983 8,318
33,800 40,090 41,550 40, 240 Calif., Fla........ 80,123
10,268
Cornfsweet 3....... 350,910 *162,810 307,060 264,050 111., Minn......... Ton........ 693 1,025
127,140 153,010 125,950 100,900 Mich,, Fla....... Bushel. __ 39.390 11,796
3,580 4,020 4,420 4,500 Fla., N. J ......... 801 021
l 3,740 4,250 4,400 4, 300 Calif,, Tex....... 1151 204
l' 780 1,050 1,050 1,100 Va................... Bushel... 619 430
154, 280 153' 100 ISO, 220 171, 370 Calif., Ariz Crate___ 319,433 321,135
Onions................. 117, 540 134,560 138,830 ISO, 240 Tex,, H .Y ....... Sack........ 313,707 314,788
350, 500 452,260 427,000 352, 590 Wis., Calif.. .. (2)
i 38, 610 32,100 20.070 28,970 Mich.. Ind....... Pound ®— 1872 885
Poppers, green__ 17,480 20,270 21.070 21,930 Fla., N. J......... Bushel... 3,960 4,820
9, 460 12,190 26,390 22,150 Ga., Calif......... Ton......... 15 10
306j 900 347j 200 322,000 310,100 Va., N, J.......... Bushel... 340,830 150,410
72; 540 107,040 87,510 78,800 Tex., Calif___ Ton........ 3104 201
Strawberries........ 180,430 157,300 170,700 104,420 La., Tenn......... Crato___ «11,320 11,786
620, 640 640,1)00 611,060 657.470 Calif., Ind........ 31,954 2,495
Watermelons....... 248,840 203,340 272,650 277,220 Ga., Tex........... N um ber. • 68,019 873,734
PRODUCTION (THOUSANDS OP UNITS)—
Continued
VALUE (THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
CROP
1938 1939 1639, leading States
1828-
1037,
average
1937 1938 1930
873 1,122 Calif............................. 1,570 1,899 1,877 2.220
0,821 10,855 Calif., N. J............... - 12,764 14,163 12,428 13,169
11,080 2,750 3,104 3,231
3355 3339 Fla., N. Y................... 16,831 20,624 19,548 18,423
3123 91 Tex., N. Y................. 11,444 1,650 1,443 1,255
3l,49i 31,136 N. V., Tex................ 16,030 15; 712 12,702 16,403
* 14,973 14,402 Calif., Colo................. 15,554 15,932 13,137 14,183
816,068 16,061 Calif., Tex................... 6,304 8,330 8,297 9,430
38,401
8,422 Calif., N. Y................. 5,320 7,177 4,080 5,225
11,808 11,527 Calif., Fla.................... 14,387 17,768 15,574 18,156
926 '693 Minn., Ill.................... 8,438 12,751 10,186 6,690
«10,702 38,515
7,434 8,911 7,250 6,584
961 1,092 Fla., N. J.................... 610 640 603 712
193 193 Oalif., La..................... 1509 577 506 615
6i4 550 V a ............................. 220 129 154 138
310,676 824t 0C6
29,131 32,758 29,036 31,862
316,038 817,470 N. Y., Tex.................. 17,773 19,267 16,141 14,050
10; 609 24,361 26,286 19,983
890 843 11,767 1,764 1,776 1,611
4,970 5,066 Fla.. N. J .................... 3,108 3,478 3,286 4,311
39 23 Ga., Calif.................... 504 641 1,288 656
50,798
152 344,423 Calif., N. J.................. 32,781 31,811 28,083 30,240
Short-time average.
* Market and canning production estimated in different units which cannot properly be combined,
8 Includessome quantities not harvested because of market conditions. Value computed on harvested crop,
* Mainly for canning, but includes also market crop for New Jersey.
* Pound of oil. • Commercial early Irish.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
Published in part in Crops and Markets.

OROHAKD CHOPS 721
No. 691.'—Orchard and Citrus F ruits and Graphs— Production and
_______________________ Value, by Kin d: 1928 to 1939_______________________
C R O P
Unit
Cherries ( 1 2 States)—................. _ . d o ______
P R O D U C T IO N ( T H O U S A N D S )
1 9 2 8 - 1 9 3 7
average
B u ....... 4 1 2 1 , 7 5 5
8 5 4 , 1 3 4
8 2 6 , 4 8 9
« 2 , 2 1 5
1 2 5
V A L U E ( T H O U S A N D S O F
D O L L A R S ) 1
1 0 3 7 1 9 3 8 1 9 3 9 2 1 9 3 7 1 6 3 8 1 9 3 9 2
1 5 6 , 3 7 6
5 9 , 7 2 4
8 2 9 , 5 4 8
8 2 , 7 7 7
1 4 5
1 0 9 , 5 9 5
8 5 1 , 9 4 5
8 3 2 , 4 7 3
2 , 7 0 4
8 1 4 1
1 4 3 , 0 8 5
8 6 0 , 8 2 2
8 3 1 , 0 4 7
2 , 5 2 6
« 1 8 7
1 0 1 , 4 3 0
6 0 , 7 9 4
1 9 , 7 0 7
5 7 , 2 0 8
1 4 , 0 9 2
6 8 7 2 0 6 8 7 7 4 , 1 8 3
P r u n e s , ' u s e d f r e s h ( 3 S t a t e s ) . . . . - d o . . . 4 9 3 7 4 8 5 8
P r u n e s , d r i e d ( 3 S t a t e s ) .....................
O r a n g e s a n d t a n g e r i n e s ( 7
1 , 0 4 0
9 0 , 2 1 2
3 9 , 7 4 3
1 5 , 9 6 9
4 0 , 0 7 3
8 , 0 7 7
2 , 6 5 0
7 2 8
9 1 , 6 1 0
4 8 , 8 4 1
2 0 i 5 3 7
4 1 , 3 8 6
1 0 , 7 8 1
2 , 2 1 8
1 8 2 9 1 6 3 2 6 3 4 1 5 0 2 7 9
. - d o ............ 2 2 6 2 6 6 7 2 3 8 2 1 3 1 3 , 0 6 0 1 0 , 0 6 8 1 4 , 0 4 8
8 6 3 , 7 8 5
8 1 8 , 9 2 3
8 7 4 , 7 8 6
8 3 1 , 0 9 3
8 7 8 , 8 6 3
« 4 3 , 7 1 4
0 7 5 , 8 6 2 8 7 1 , 5 0 5 * 0 6 , 1 8 0
0 3 4 , 6 7 5
8 2 1 , 0 4 1
* 1 3 , 0 4 8
L e m o n s ( C a l i f o r n i a ) ............................... . . . d o ............ 7 , 8 8 1 0 , 3 6 0 1 1 , 3 2 2 9 1 2 , 0 0 0 2 1 , 0 0 2 1 0 , 6 4 3 1 8 i 0 0 0
7 3 3
8 8 4 , 1 3 0
8 1 5 , 8 2 2
1Based on average price for the crop-marketing season; for apples, weighted average. 2 Preliminary,
3 Estimates refer to production in commercial apple comities; not comparable With former estimates
which represented sales for fresh consumption only in the entire State. 4 Average, 1934-38.
8 Includes some quantities not harvested owing to market conditions, etc.; values based on harvested crop.
8 Includes small quantities for cold packing.
7 In addition, an equivalent of 60.000 tons (dry basis) was not harvested because of market conditions
and 4,000 tons (dry basis) wore lost In drying process in California,
8 Production includes some quantities donated to charity or eliminated on account of market conditions.
Values apply only to entire crop, exclusive of donated or eliminated portions.
9 As estimated from prospects on July 1, 1040.
No. 6 9 2 .— Apples, P eaches, P ears, and Grapes— P roduction, by States:
1928 to 1939
APPLES (1,000
BUSHELS) 1
PEACHES (1.000
BUSHELS)
PEARS (1,000 GRAPES (TONS 0 7 2,000
BUSHELS)
POUNDS)
STATE 1034- 1028- 1028- 1028-
1038, 1938 1939 2 1937, 19383 1939” 1937 19388 193933 1937, 1038 1939 2
avg.' avg,* avg.3 avg,3
United States. — 121, 755 100, 696 143, 0B5 54,134 51,945 60, 822 25,489 82,473 31,047 2,216.024 2,703,660 2,025,330
567 562 1, 068 12 13 13 32 80 30
N. Hampshire.. 674 666 1, 214 IS 19 17 13 15 11 80 70 no
404 308 780 8 7 7 37 40 50
Massachusetts.. 2,210 2,131 2,829 116 88 74 70 75 53 621 540 700
Rhode Island... 2S2 259 276 20 27 12 10 11 s 289 220 230
Connecticut___ 1,281 1,415 1, 306 173 140 34 46 40 43 2,018 1,000 2,400
Now York.......... 15,723 15,048 24. 050 1, 435 1,134 1, 722 1,208 1,900 1, 749 77,590 55, 600 75.600
New Jersey........ 8,050 3, 531 4,262 1,300 1,172 1,435 82 57 52 3,130 2,800 3,100
Pennsylvania... 8,081 8,378 10, 008 1, 678 1,842 2, 460 617 657 918 23,020 15.700 23,200
Ohio................... 4,008 2,684 8,760 808 481 1, 212 000 034 050 29,100 9,800 42,800
Indiana.............. 1,404 1,135 2,075 405 144 378 344 360 527 4,180 2,200 4,800
Illinois................ 2,787 1,447 4,107 1, 545 1,481) 1,800 660 413 668 6,470 6,300 8,800
Michigan........... 7,134 5, 251 10, 501 1, 558 1,341 2, 7G0 674 1,411 1,364 62,060 16,000 58.100
596 432 084 382 430 490
230 229 344 250 270 290
Iowa................... 311 358 374 78 90 110 97 104 139 5,850 5,000 5,800
Missouri............. 1,400 649 2,104 819 116 1,140 301) 00 426 9,760 6,200 12.500
Nebraska........... 241 340 318 80 72 70 37 54 55 2,420 3,100 3,000
Kansas............... 714 516 1. 074 127 43 1S4 157 56 151 3,760 3.100 4,100
Delaware........... 1, 596 1,554 1, 686 284 304 422 17 7 9 2,100 1,500 2,000
Maryland.......... 1,922 1,830 2, 362 382 352 427 04 82 81 700 680 760
Virginia.............. 10,279 8,048 10,800 885 1,161 1,025 320 334 189 2,280 2,000 2,600
W."Virginia....... 4,622 4,290 5.670 335 184 315 61 35 56 1,381 430 1,750
N. Carolina....... 935 634 1,120 1, OIK) 2, 232 1, 305 250 364 230 6,044 6,600 7.500
1,140 1,515 1, 636 00 129 104 1,416 1,670 2,020
Georgia............... 444 272 437 6,637 5,320 3i 800 25G 404 281 1.344 1,660 1,830
62 68 33 90 156 69 787 820 670
Kentucky........ 287 155 426 673 362 562 204 135 206 1,724 2.390 2,750
Tennessee_____ 226 103 228 1,342 610 1,470 237 186 244 1,830 1,590 2,240
1,304 1,705 1,705 277 383 313 1,204 1,400 1.710
’ 770 1,061 1,034 257 462 348 286 250 290
Arkansas!........... 795 198 648 1,681 2,451 2, 615 151 156 211 10,520 4,800 8,200
259 325 409 104 190 130 54 60 60
629 429 615 117 80 92 3,145 2.500 3,200
1,278 904 1,972 358 440 406 2,360 2,000 2,800
333 384 386
Idaho.................. 3,035 2,960 2,574 136 181 130 01 67 62 535 580 580
Colorado............ 1,517 1,708 1,068 1,068 1,634 1,575 271 251 173 402 650 500
N. Mexico_____ 670 432 003 73 51 73 42 27 45 1,035 1,240 1,170
62 22 51 12 0 11 1,154 730 710
Utah................... 356 385 395 401 573 664 82 127 104 976 860 840
Washington....... 29,411 30,150 26,000 1,083 1,428 l,21fl 4,501 6,500 5,779 5,090 6,600 5,700
Oregon................ 3,402 3,400 2,900 273 327 391 3,040 4,249 4,229 2,280 2,400 1,700
California........... 7,897 7,364 8.024 22.439 20,501 24,043 9,296 11,751 10,542 1,934,200 2.531,000 2.228,000
Other States___ 6 0 6 4 4 3 95 100 110
1Commercial crop. See note 3, table 691. * Preliminary. 3 See note 5, table 691.
Source of tables 691 and 692: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report. Agricultural
Statistics. Also published currently in part in Crops and Markets.

722 FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
No. 6 9 3 .— A p p le s , P e a c h e s , a n d P e a k s — P r o d u c t i o n ; 1891 t o 1939
tin thousands of bushels. The approximate weight of a bushel of apples is 45 pounds; peaches, 48; pears, 60.]
Y E A R L Y A V E R A G E
O R Y E A R
A p p l e s i P e a c h e s P e a r s Y E A R . A p p l e s * P e a c h e s P e e r s
1 8 9 1 - 1 8 9 5 . 1 5 7 , 6 9 3
1 9 3 0 .......................................... 1 5 6 , 6 1 7
i R i m - i o o f t 1 7 9 , 1 4 3
1 9 3 1 ............. ....................... ... 2 2 0 5 , 4 0 3
1 9 0 1 - 1 9 0 5 1 8 2 , 6 7 2 3 8 , io G
1 5 4 , 4 5 4 3 8 , 7 5 6
1 9 0 6 - 1 9 1 0 . 1 9 3 3 ...........................................
1 9 1 1 - 1 9 1 5 ................................ 2 1 5 , 5 7 2 4 7 , 3 0 3 11,341 1 9 3 4 ...........................................
1 9 1 6 - 1 0 2 0 .............. .................. 1 7 5 , 5 2 0 4 3 . 9 1 5 14,143 1 9 3 5 . .........................................
1 9 2 1 - 1 9 2 5 ________________
1 9 2 6 - 1 9 3 0 .............. ..................
1 9 3 1 - 1 9 3 6 . . . . ....................
1 9 2 9 ..............................................
2 1 5 5 , 7 7 2
2 1 6 2 , 0 7 7
2 1 6 0 , 9 0 9
1 3 5 , 0 9 2
4 0 , 7 3 9
2 5 6 , 2 7 0
2 5 3 , 5 0 9
4 4 , 7 3 7
1 7 , 6 6 7
8 2 3 , 1 6 5
8 2 5 , 1 0 6
2 1 , 6 0 0
1 9 3 2 ...........................................
1 9 3 6 ...................
1 9 3 7 ...................
2 1 4 6 , 8 4 9
2 1 4 8 , 6 5 7
3 125, m
3 1 7 7 , 9 1 6
9 8 , 6 0 8
1 6 6 , 3 7 6
1 9 3 8 ............................................................................................................
1 0 9 , 5 9 5 2 5 1 , 9 4 5 8 3 2 , 4 7 3
1 9 3 9 ( p r e l . ) .......................
1 4 3 , 0 8 5
2 5 5 , 3 4 0
2 7 7 , 0 5 3
2 4 3 , 2 9 4
2 4 5 , 2 7 1
3 4 7 , 6 8 5
5 4 , 6 9 0
4 7 , 4 8 3
6 9 , 7 2 4
2 0 0 . 8 2 2
8 2 7 , 0 2 0
8 2 5 ,0 1 1
8 2 4 , 2 2 4
8 2 3 , 6 2 6
8 2 7 , 4 3 0
2 5 , 2 9 9
2 7 , 1 0 5
8 2 9 , 5 4 8
* 3 1 , 0 4 7
1Beginning 1930, estimates refer to the production in the commercial apple counties of each State and
are not comparable with commercial estimates for earlier years which represented sales for fresh consumption
only in the entire State.
2 Includes some quantities not harvested on account of market conditions, etc.
No. 6 9 4 .— A p p le s , P e a c h e s , P e a r s , a n d G r a p e s — P r i c e s R e c e i v e d b y
F a r m e r s , b y S t a t e s : 1936 t o 1939
Note.—Prices of apples, peaches, and pears in dollars per bushel, prices of grapes in dollars per (on.
Prices are weighted average prices received by farmers for the crop-marketing season for 1936, 1937. and
1938; prices for 1039 are preliminary estimates for the crop-marketing season
STATE
APPLES, COMMERCIAL
CROP
PEACHES TEARS O RAPE8
1930 1937 1938 1930 1936 1937 1938 1939 1936 1937 1938 1939 1936 1937 1938 1939
United States 1 .0 4 0 .6 5 0.82 0 .6 4 0 .9 6 1.02 0 .7 8 0 .8 1 0 .6 0 0 .6 9 0 .5 4 0 .6 9 22 21 16 16
1 .2 6 .9 8 1 .0 9 .8 4 1 .4 0 1.20 1 .3 5 1 .3 0 95 00 00 70
New Hampshire - 1.41 1.04 1.21 .9 3 1 .7 5 1 .4 0 1 .7 0 1 .6 0 1 .3 5 1.00 1.20 1 .1 5 86 00 00 05
1 .47 .9 8 1.14 .86 1.4(1 1.20 1.20 1.11 05 60 00 05
Massachusetts. — .. 1 .3 5 .9 2 1.10 .8 1 1 .7 0 1 .6 0 1 .4 0 1 .7 0 1 .0 5 1.20 1.10 1.10 80 00 00 no
R h o d e I s l a n d .......... 1 .4 5 1.20 1.01 .8 7 1 .6 5 1.50 1 .5 0 1 .7 0 1 .2 5 1 .2 5 1.10 1.20 76 60 6 0 00
Connecticut........... 1.3 9 1.06 1.05 .6 5 1 ,4 0 1.46 1 .6 0 1 .6 0 1 .3 0 1 .6 0 1.20 1 .4 0 75 70 55 00
New York.............. 1. 21 .6 5 .88 .59 1 .4 0 1.00 1 .4 0 .8 0 .00 .9 5 .7 5 .8 5 41 30 30 3fi
New Jersey............ 1 .0 4 .7 5 .7 0 .6 5 1 .2 5 1.00 1 .4 0 i. no .9 0 .00 .7 5 .7 5 40 40 33 38
Pennsylvania........ 1. 05 .6 7 .86 .64 1 .6 0 1.00 1.26 1 .0 5 .86 .8 0 .7 0 .7 5 40 31 43 33
Ohio...................... 1 .2 5 .6 2 1.03 .5 7 1 ,7 0 1 .3 0 1 .5 6 1. 10 .8 5 .7 0 .7 0 .55 37 33 42 23
Indiana___ _____ 1 ,3 1 .7 3 .9 7 .71 1 .7 0 1.15 1 .3 0 1.10 .7 6 .4 5 .5 0 .4 5 40 28 46 34
Illinois............... 1 .2 3 .7 2 1.03 .8 7 1 .6 0 1.25 1.20 .9 5 .8 0 .4 6 .0 5 .5 0 40 34 43 m
Michigan....,......... .0 6 .5 6 .8 0 .63 1 .5 0 .9 6 1 .3 0 .7 0 .7 6 .7 0 .7 6 .0 6 30 n 60 31
1 .1 4 .7 8 .8 9 .7 3 75 00 00 00
1 .3 0 1.00 1.01 .8 4 .70 00 GO 00
Iowa...................... 1 .4 3 .9 0 1.01 .0 9 1 .5 0 1.16 1.25 1.00 1.10 .6 5 .8 5 .7 0 55 45 60 50
Missouri............ 1 .4 7 . 6fl l.Ofl ,71 1.6(1 .9 6 1.35 1.06 .0 5 .6 0 85 .5 5 5(’ 85 •1(1 33
Nebraska............ 1 .3 3 1.04 .9 9 09 1.7(1 1.40 1.40 1.10 1 .8 0 .9 0 1.00 .0 5 05 00 40 41)
Kansas................... 1 .4 0 .8 5 .9 5 .7 8 1. 06 1.25 1.25 1 .1 5 1.00 .00 .9 5 .7 0 00 55 5B 35
Delaware................ .8 2 .6 7 .7 0 .71 1.50 1.00 1,00 .9 5 .6 0 .5 0 .00 .55 45 40 4 0 40
Maryland.............. .8 9 .6 2 .7 1 .6 2 1.45 1.06 1.10 95 .5 0 .00 .00 55 AC 45 5U 43
Virginia................. 1 .0 3 .66 .70 .6 2 1 .6 5 1.10 1 .3 5 1.10 .7 6 .8 0 .0 5 .7 5 75 09 70 lib
West Virginia........ .9 8 .56 .7 4 .5 8 1.60 1.00 1 .3 0 1.10 1.00 .75 .9 0 .8 0 75 00 70 60
North Carolina__ .98 .6 3 .7 9 .7 2 1.60 1.66 1 .0 5 1.20 .0 5 .9 0 . V5 .85 55 fib 65 00
1.20 1 .4 0 1.00 1.10 .9 0 .00 .7 0 .7 5 65 GO 70 06
Georgia................ 1 .1 4 1.02 .9 1 .8 5 1.20 1 .4 5 1,00 1 .4 0 .0 5 .7 0 .55 .0 5 on no 05 56
1.00 1.00 .9 0 .9 5 .5 0 .56 .5 6 .00 75 70 70 rr
Kentucky............... 1 .1 4 .9 2 .9 6 .8 0 1 .4 0 .9 0 1 .1 5 1.00 1.00 . 05 .8 0 .7 0 00 60 70 76
Tennessee.............. 1 .1 7 1 .2 7 .0 6 .33 1 .1 5 UK) 1 .0 5 .8 5 .0 5 .8 0 .8 5 .7 5 7(1 02 70 70
.9 5 1.25 .8 5 .8 5 .00 .7 6 .5 5 .7 0 75 65 05 05
Mississippi______ ___ ....... ___ ___ 1.00 1 .3 0 .9 5 .9 5 .5 0 .7 6 .5 0 .00 80 75 85 70
Arkansas................ 1 .1 9 .6 4 .9 6 .7 6 1.10 1.16 .8 5 1.00 .9 5 .7 5 .8 0 .7 6 35 28 4 0 35
1.10 1.26 1,00 1 .0 5 .0 5 .7 0 .6 0 .7 0 05 75 66 00
1. 60 1.10 1.10 1.00 1. 25 .7 6 .7 5 .7 5 60 37 50 3 8
Texas................... 1.10 1.20 1.10 .8 5 .9 0 ,85 .7 5 .7 0 55 50 56 4 7
1 .1 9 .6 7 .68 .6 5
Idaho................... 1.01 .56 .7 5 .5 6 i. on 1.86 .65 .8 5 1.00 1 .2 5 .8 5 .9 0 46 00 35 3:>
Colorado.............. 98 .73 .79 ■W .8(1 Of 7f .8 0 .85 .86 .5 0 .7 5 52 5fi 57 40
Now Mexico_____ 1. 2(1 .8 4 1 0 8 .8 2 1.25 1 .3 6 1 .2 5 1 .2 5 .8 0 1,05 .8 0 1. 00 49 00 50 44
1. 50 1.50 1 .7 0 1. 25 1 .4 0 1, 60 1.00 1 .0 5 56 50 50 35
Utah....................... .9 4 .77 .6 5 .7 3 .79 1.85 .7 5 .75 .9 5 1 .3 0 .7 0 ,1.00 30 00 40 40
1.35 1.76 .9 5 1 00 1. 30 1. SO .0 5 1 .8 0 85 80 40 4 6
Washington_____ 1 .1 3 .0 4 .8 4 .60 .7 5 .06 .7 6 .7 0 .65 .0 3 .00 .7 9 2+ 33 2K 2$
Oregon................... .9 4 .71 .76 .68 1. 05 1.20 .8 5 .8 0 .05 .7 2 .00 .0 7 20 82 30 80
California_______ .4 0 .4 3 .4 5 .4 1 .66 .8 4 .3 5 .5 3 .6 3 .68 .3 3 .0 4 19 10 13 u
Source of tables 693 and 694: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural
Statistics. Production published currently in part in Crops and Markets.

SUGAR BRUTS'— SUGARCANE 723
No. 6 9 5 .— S u g a r B e e t s — A c r e a g e , P r o d u c t i o n , P r i c e s R e c e i v e d b y F a r m e r s ,
a n d V a l u e , 1901 t o 1939, a n d b y S t a t e s , 1936 t o 1939
N o t e .—Prior to 1924 acreage and production include a small quantity produced in Canada for TJ. S. factories.
U. S. totals include data for a few States not shown separately
YEARLY AVER­
AGE OR YEAR
AND STATE
Tons
per
acre
Acres
harvested
(thousands)
Production
i
(1,000
tons)
Price
per
tou«
(dollars)
Farm
value
(1,000
dollars)
YEAR AND STATE
Tons
per
acre
Acres
harvested
(thousands)
Production*
(1,000
tons)
Price
per
to n »
(dollars)
Farm
value
(1,000
dollars)
United States:
Idaho:
1901-1905.......... 228 9.22 2,079 4 an 10 166 1936..................... 52 11.9 619 6.06 3,751
1906-1910.......... 386 10 13 3' 910 3 IE 32ft 954 1937..................... 51 12.1 015 6.19 3,192
1911-1915 641 in on ft) 73R 1938 . . 71 15.8 1,122 4.43 4,970
1916-1920.......... 098 9 .6 0 6.623 9.38 63) 314 1030__________ 73 13.5 985 4.55 4,482
1021-1925____ 693 10. M 6,972 7.52 52,040 Michigan:
1926-1030.. . 701 11.00 7,718 L_32 5ft 48ft 1936 ................... 98 8.8 867 6.46 5, 502
1931-1935.......... 799 10,88 8) 686 47)119 1937..................... 76 7 549 6.17 3,387
1927................... 721 10.8 7)753 7. 67 59' 455 1038..................... 122 8.2 1,005 6.08 6) 110
1928.................... 044 11.0 7) 101 7.11 5ft' 477 1939................... 120 8.6 1,033 6.88 e;074
1929.................... 688 10.6 7,315 7.08 61,804 Montana:
1930,................... 776 11 9 9,199 7.14 fift, ftftft 1930..................... CO 10.9 654 6.30 4 .120
1031 .................. 713 11.1 7 ,903 5.94 4ft 94A 1937..................... 70 12.2 852 5.27 4,490
1932.................... 764 11.9 9) 070 5.26 47' 705 1938..................... 78 12.7 987 4.57 4) 511
1933.................... 983 11. 2 11,030 6.13 5ft) 599 1939 ................... 74 12.1 894 5.06 4)624
1934 .................. 770 a s 7,.510 5.16 38,770 Nebraska:
1935.................... 763 10.4 7,908 5 . 7 6 45 5 6 5 1936-................... 68 13.5 782 5 . 7 8 4 , 5 2 0
1936.................... 776 11.6 9,028 ft 05 54) 636 1937...................... 63 14.0 882 4.88 4) 304
1937................... 756 11.6 8)784 5.27 46,249 1938...................... 77 14.4 1,111 4.07 4 ,522
1 9 3 8 .................. 930 1 2.5 11) 615 4 .6 5 84 052 1939...................... 69 11.4 790 4.62 3,650
1939.................... 917 11.7 10) 773 5 .05 54,370 Ohio:
California: 1936..................... 28 9 .2 259 6.37 1,650
3936.................... 139 1 4 .2 1, 975 ft. 48 19, 70S 1937...................... 25 5 .8 144 6.15 886
1037.................... 134 1 2.9 l) 731 5 08 in' aw 1938..................... 51 7.2 366 5.84 2,137
1038.................... 162 13.1 2)130 4 .8 6 l 6) 352 1939..................... 47 7.7 363 6.06 2,200
1939.................... 166 16.3 2,699 5.10 14,008 Utah:
Colorado: 1936...................... 36 13.9 500 6.82 2,010
1030.................. 171 13.1 2,234 5 .70 1 2,734 1937 ................... 4 6 12.4 570 4.94 2,816
1087.................... 160 1 2.4 lj 992 4 80 0) 602 1 9 3 8 --................ 52 15.7 814 4.43 3,606
2938.................... 137 1 4.6 2)001 4 .17 8) 344 1039..................... 63 12.9 683 4.54 3,101
1939................... 145 10.6 1,543 5 .0 5 7,702 Wyoming:
1936-................... 44 n . o 486 5.98 2,000
1 9 3 7 - ................. 47 13.0 612 4.91 3 ,005
1938.................- 58, 12.9 684 4.35 2,975
1039..................... 49 11.0 530 4.79 2,582
1 Beets used by factories 1901 to 1912. * Season average price. * 4-year average.
No. 696.— S u g a r c a n e a n d S i r u p — P r o d u c t i o n , 1931 t o 1939, a n d b y S t a t e s ,
1937, 1938, a n d 1939
N o t e .—Sorghum, sometimes confused with sugarcane, is not included. For molasses, a byproduct of
sugar refineries and not included In this table, see table 807
STATE AND YEAR
Cane
harvested
for sirup
Sirup
produced
STATE AND YEAR
Cane
harvested
for sirup
Sirup
produced
1,000
1,000
All States:
Acres gallons Alabama: Acres gallons
1931............................... 108,000 15,160 1Q37 29.000 3,770
1932.................................... 123,000 18)359 1938 ................................... 25.000 2,500
1933.................................. 146.000 21,093 1CWQ
28.000 3,360
1934— ......................... 157.000 25,609 Mississippi:
1935.................................. 156.000 25,982 1037 29.000 4,495
1936.................................. 141.000 22,676 1938 ............................... 27.000 4,482
1937.................................. 146.000 25,135 1939 ............................... 27.000 3,780
1938— ............................... 137,000 22,221 Louisiana:
1939.................................... 145,000 24,909 1937 ............................... 29.000 8,210
South Carolina: 1938................................... 29.000 7.395
1937 — ............................ 4,000 420 1030 32,000 9,310
1938— ............................... 4,000 380 Texas:
1939.................................... 5,000 550 1937 .......................-___ 6,000 768
Georgia:
1938...........................-........ 7.000 875
1937............................... 35,000 R, 42S 1039 . . . ............ 6.000 720
1938......... .......................... 33,000 4,389 Arkansas:
1930................................... 34,000 4,794 1037 ............................... 1,000 175
Florida: 1988.................................... 1,000 110
1937.................................... 13,000 1, 872
1,000 115
1038.................................................. n,ooo 2,090
1939................................................... 1 2 ,0 0 0 %280
Soureo of tables 605 and 696: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report.
Agricultural Statistics. Acreage and production of sugar beets and acreage of sugarcane arc published
currently in Crops and Markets.

7 2 4 FARM CROPS AMD FOODSTUFFS'
N o. 6 9 7 .— S u g a r c a n e , C a n e S u g a r , a n d M o l a s s e s — P r o d u c t i o n i n C o n ­
t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1909 t o 1939
N o t e ,— Tons are of 2 ,0 0 0 pounds. Data include Louisiana f o r a l l years, Florida beginning 1 9 2 8 , and Texas
_______________________________________ through 1 9 2 3 _______________________________ _____________________________________
TEAR
Total
acreage
harvested
for sugar
and
seed
Average
yield
of cane
per acre
for sugar
and
seed i
Total
production
for
sugar
and
seed
Farm
value of
cane
used for
sugar
and
seed
sugar produced
Season
average
price
per ton
received
by farmers
Converted
to 96°
raw
basis ■
Equivalent
refined
8
Raw
sugar
96°
made
per ton
of cane
MOLASSES MADE
Blackstrap
Total *
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
acres Toni tom Dollars dollars tons tons Pounds gallons oallons
1909_______ 324.(1 15.0 4,884 3.83 18,705 338 316 154 17,274 27,683
1910.............. 338.1 36,9 5,730 3.69 21,144 362 339 139 20,514 32,034
1911-.:........ 344.3 18,9 6,518 4.29 27,9G2 368 343 122 22,693 35,803
1012.............. 204.1 11.2 2,953 3. 73 11,015 166 155 145 8,594 15,140
1913.............. 291.5 17.0 4,954 3.13 15,506 307 286 142 16,451 24, 774
1914.............. 253.6 15.1 3,817 3.75 14,313 252 236 355 11,561 17,547
1915.............. 239.0 11.1 2,654 4.55 12,076 141 132 139 6,435 12,847
1916.............. 265.6 18.3 4,854 5.29 25,677 317 297 152 15,447 2G, 798
1917.-.......... 287.5 15.7 4,505 7.10 31,986 251 235 131 13,562 30.936
1918.............. 266.3 18.0 4,790 7.28 34,872 290 270 137 16,321 28,374
10IQ 234.9 10.6 2,486 14. on 34 RfM 125 117 132 fl, 572
1920........ ..... 253.7 13.7 3,468 5.76 19,975 180 169 139 10‘, 599 17,507
1021_______ 275.0 18.5 5,082 3.63 18,444 334 312 158 17,919 25,729
1922.............. 205.9 15.6 4,614 5.83 26,900 302 282 169 15,268 22, 777
1923........... - 288.8 11.1 3,216 7.09 22,801 108 157 138 8,429 15, 979
1924.............. 251.0 7.0 1,900 5,58 10,602 60 84 147 3,336 9. 590
1925-............ 230.0 14.0 3,263 4.05 13,337 142 133 107 12,171 17,783
1926............... 101.0 6.8 1,088 4,92 5,353 48 45 121 2,745 0, 814
1927.............. 80.0 13.1 1,168 4. 51 5,384 72 67 150 2,582 0, 024
1928.............. 146.8 14,4 2,115 3.85 8,153 136 127 145 6,817 13,069
1929.............. 205.0 36.3 3,350 8,73 12,500 218 205 140 16,862 21,003
1930............... 203.5 15.5 3,153 3.31 )0 ,430 215 201 148 14,234 19, 089
1931.............. 199.4 13.9 2,703 3.21 8,874 184 172 146 11,290 10,404
1932.............. 241.0 14.9 3,599 2.98 10,741 205 248 160 13,472 18, 934
1933.............. 233.8 14.4 3,375 3.18 10,727 250 234 163 14,140 19, 441
1934.......... - 262.6 14.5 3,802 2.33 8,854 207 240 157 15,080 21,108
1935............ 275,4 18.0 4,054 3.16 15,589 383 368 108 23,380 28,906
1930.............. 204.2 22.2 5,860 3. 07 21,499 437 409 161 81,001 36,239
1037.............. 298.2 21.5 6,378 2. 00 18,520 402 432 157 33,531 37,411
1938.............. 312.9 22.9 7,157 2.70 19,292 583 545 173 40,506 44,388
1939 »______ 276.0 22.4 6,197 2.84 17.612 507 473 175 31,825 36,925
1Growth of 9 months in Louisiana and 12 months in Florida. Sugar campaign usually not ended before
February in Louisiana and April in Florida, following season of growth of eane.
1 Calculated by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration method. (S. R. Series 1, No. 1.)
3 Based on the ratio of 100 pounds of raw sugar to 93.46 pounds of refined sugar.
4 Not including sirup production. See table 696, >Preliminary.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
Also published in The World Sugar Situation and in part, currently, in Crops and Markets.
No. 698-— S u g a r c a n e a n d C a n e S u g a r — P r o d u c t i o n o f H a w a i i : 1926 t o 1939
N ote.—Tons are of 2,000 pounds
YEAR
Total
acres in
cane
CANE USED FOR SUGAR
Acres
harvested
Production
(1,000
tons)
Yield
per acre
(tons)1
SUGAR MADE
(1,000 TONS)
Converted
to 96°
raw
basis3
Equivalent
refined *
Raw
sugar 96°
made
per ton
of cane
(pounds)
Recovery
of
equivalent
refined
sugar
from
cane
ground •
(Percent)
Year beginning October:
. 1926............................... 234,809 124,642 6,892 56 832 777 238 11.12
1927...— _____ _____ 240,769 131,634 7,707 59 921 861 239 11.17
1928............................... 239,868 129,131 7,447 68 925 865 248 11.01
1929................... 242,761 133,840 7,853 59 939 878 239 11.18
1930............................... 261,533 137,037 8,486 62 1,018 951 240 11.21
1931.............................. 251,876 139, 744 8,865 63 1,057 938 239 11.15
1032.................... .......... 254,503 144,959 8,667 69 1,064 994 248 11.60
Oct. 1.1933-Dee. 31.1933.. 127 119
Year beginning Jan. 1.:
1934............................. 252,237 134,318 7,992 60 059 897 240 11.22
1035...................... ........ 246,491 126,116 8,555 68 987 922 231 10.78
1036............................... 245,891 130,828 9,170 70 1,042 974 227 10.62
1037_______________ 240,833 126,071 8,803 70 944 883 215 10.03
1938—-......................... 238,302 135,078 8,835 65 941 880 213 9. 00
1030............................ 235,227 138,440 8,610 62 994 929 231 10.70
*Based on tonnage of cane used. 3 Age of eane equals 18 to 24 months of growth. 3 See note 2, table 697.
4 One ton of raw sugar 96° test is assumed to be equivalent to .9346 ton of refined.
Source: D ata collected by Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, through the Hawaiian
Sugar Planters* Association, Published in annual report, Agricultural Statistics, and in The World Sugar
Situation.

c a n e an d m a p le s u g a r 7 2 5
N o . 6 9 9 . — S u g a r c a n e a n d C a n e S u g a r — P r o d u c t io n o f P u e r t o R ic o :
1926-27 t o 1938-39
CROP TEAR
Acreage
(acres)
SUGARCANE HARVESTED SUGAR PRODUCED 1
Yield
per acre
(tons)2
Production
(1,000
tons) *
As made
(1,000
tons)2
Equivalent
refined
(1,000
tons)2
Sugar
made per
ton of
sugarcane
(pounds)
Recovery of
equivalent
refined
sugar from
enno ground
(percent)
1920-1027........... 236,148 24.0 5,662 629 691 222 10.44
1927-1928............. 237, 746 26.9 6,405 749 703 234 10.98
1028-1929............. 251,018 20.9 5, 250 587 551 224 10.50
1929-1930........... 254,259 28.3 7,199 866 814 241 ' 11.30
1930-1931............. 279,165 25.2 7,035 783 730 223 10.46
1931-1032............. 293,953 28.6 8,418 992 939 236 11.16
1932-1933............. 300,071 23.9 7,165 816 772 228 10.78
1933-1934............. 350,126 25.9 9,070 1,104 1,044 243 11.51
1934-1935............. 299,384 25.1 5 7,518 773 731 242 11.44
1936-1936.............. 299,804 25.3 7,592 926 870 244 11.54
1936-1937............. 300,951 27.1 8,144 006 943 245 11.57
1937-1938 (prol.). 300,567 29.2 8,774 1,077 1,010 240 11.61
1938-1939 (prel.) . 6,875 852 806 277 11.72
1For factor used in converting raw sugar to refined, see note 9, table 702. i Ton of 2,000 pounds.
* Actual Quantity of sugarcane harvested, including 6,302,547 tons of sugaroane out for the production of
sugar, and 1,125,914 for the production of high-grade molasses. It is estimated that about 1,035,542 tons of
sugarcane were left standing and harvested the following yoar.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Economics; annual roport, Agricultural Statistics.
Also published in The World Sugar Situation.
N o. 7 0 0 .— M a p l e S i r u p a n d S u g a r — P r o d u c t io n , 1869 t o 1940, a n d b y
S t a t e s , 1938, 1939, a n d 1940
S T A T E A N D T E A R
T r e e s
t a p p e d
S u g a r
m a d e
S i m p
m a d o
T o t a l
p r o d ­
u c t i n
t e r m s
o f
s u g a r 1
STATE AND TEAR
Trees
tapped
Sugar
made
Simp
made
Total
product
in
terms
of
sugar2
B U R E A U O P T H E
C E N S U S
T h o u - 1,000 1,000 1,000
U n i t e d S t a t e s ; s a n d s p o u n d s O dilons p o u n d s
1 8 5 9 ............................... 4 0 , 1 2 0 1 , 5 9 8 5 2 , 9 0 1
I 8 6 0 . - .......................... 2 8 , 4 4 4
1 8 7 0 ............................... 3 6 , 5 7 0 1 , 7 9 6 6 0 , 9 4 4
1 8 8 9 ............................... 3 2 , 9 5 3 2 , 2 5 8
1 8 0 9 .............................. 1 1 , 9 2 9 2 , 0 5 7 2 3 , 3 8 2
1 9 0 9 ............................... 1 8 , 0 0 0
1 4 , 0 2 4
‘ 9 2 1 3 5 i 8 1 2
4 , 1 0 6
5 1 ,.0 2 0
4 6 , 0 1 2
1 9 1 9 ............................... 1 7 , 4 5 7 9 , 6 9 2 3 , 5 0 8 3 7 , 7 5 4
1 9 2 9 ............................... (») 1 , 3 4 1 2 , 3 4 1 2 0 , 0 7 0
D E P A R T M E N T O P
A G R I C U L T U R E
T o t a l ( 1 0 S t a t e s ) :
1 9 3 0 ............................... 1 3 , 0 6 2 2 , 3 7 0 3 , 6 4 1 3 1 , 4 9 8
1 9 3 1 ............................... 1 2 , 1 3 8 1 , 6 4 6 2 , 2 1 3 1 9 , 3 5 0
1 9 3 2 — - .................... 1 2 , 0 9 1 1 , 6 2 3 2 , 4 1 2 2 0 , 9 1 9
1 9 3 3 — .................... 1 2 , 0 7 6 1 , 2 8 8 2 , 1 8 6 1 8 , 7 7 6
1 9 3 4 — .................... 1 2 , 1 5 8 1 , 2 7 1 2 , 3 9 5 2 0 , 4 3 1
1 9 3 5 _______________ 1 2 ; 4 9 6 1 , 7 0 4 3 , 3 7 7 2 8 , 7 2 0
1 0 3 6 ............................... 1 1 , 8 5 4 9 8 5 2 , 4 0 3 2 0 , 2 0 9
1 9 3 7 ............................... 1 1 , 6 7 7 1 , 0 4 7 2 , 6 0 8 2 1 , 1 1 1
1 9 3 8 ................ ............... 1 1 , 6 7 2 1 , 0 7 8 2 , 7 7 2 2 3 , 2 5 4
1 9 3 9 ............................... 1 0 . 5 2 0 7 6 0 2 , 5 1 5
2 0 . 8 8 0
1 9 4 0 ............................... 1 0 ,1 1 1 6 1 1 2 , 5 8 3 2 1 , 2 7 5
Maine:
1938.................. 273 6 >47 382
1939-................ 270 6 133 >270
1940.................. 256 10 60 410
Maryland:
1938................. 68 10 26 218
1939................. 58 10 25 210
1940....... .......... 57 9 24 201
department op
A GR1CU LTURE—COD,
Thou- 1,000 i , m 1,000
New Hampshire: sands pounds gallons pounds
1938................. 368 72 83 736
1030................. 265 26 58 490
1040................. 262 21 53 445
Vermont:
1938................. 5,438 627 1.485 12, 507
1939................. 4, 242 308 916 7,636
1940................. 4, 200 258 1,044 8,610
Massachusetts:
1938................. 224 32 52 448
1939................. 217 44 61 532
1940................. 217 40 56 488
Now York:
1938................. 2,959 260 588 4,964
1930................. 3.018 290 714 6,002
1940................. 2,867 212 734 6,084
Pennsylvania:
1938................. 502 43 95 803
1939........ ........ 622 43 120 1,075
1040................. 433 30 112 932
Ohio:
1938................. 1,180 9 283 2, 273
1939................ 1,192 9 870 2,969
1940................. 1,144 11 332 2,667
Michigan:
1938................. 379 16 64 528
1939............... 887 17 104 840
1940................. 368 12 74 004
Wisconsin:
1938................. 291 3 49 395
1939................. 349 7 105 847
1940............... 307 2 104 834
11 gallon of sirup takon as equivalent to 8 pounds of sugar. *Not called for on schedule.
* Excludes 45,000 gallons of sirup in 1938, and 23,000 pounds of sugar and 20,000 gallons of sirup in 1939,
produced on nonfarm lands In Somerset Count y.
Source: Dopt. of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, except Census figures; annual report.
Agricultural Statistics. Data also published in Crops and Markets.

7 2 6 FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS'
N o . 7 0 1 . — S u g a r , B e e t and C a n e , C h ie f l y R a w — P r o d u c t io n , f o r C o n ­
t i n e n t a l U n it e d St a t e s, P u e r t o R ic o , H a w a ii, P h i l i p p i n e s , a n d W o r l d :
1870 t o 1939
N o t e
■In thousands of tons of 2,000 pounds. Prior to 1009. data are for crop year beginning July I; thereafter,
crop3 year with beginning dates varying from Sept, to following June, except as noted for Hawaii
Y E A R L Y A V E R A G E
O R C R O P Y E A R
( S E E H E A D N O T E )
Continental
United
States
and
out--
lying
areas 1
C O N T IN E N T A L U N I T E D
Total
(in
terms
of raw)2
S T A T E S
Beet
(reduced
to
raw) -
Cano
(chiefly
raw)
Puerto
Rico3
Hawaii
4
Philippine
Islands
*
World
total
P E R C E N T O P
W O R L D T O T A L
Continental
United
States
IN —
U. S.
and
outlying
areas
1870-1874................ 291 73 ( 5) 72 95 13 110 ( 8) (»1 ( 8)
1875-1879....... ........ 347 96 (») 96 78 20 162 ( a) ( 8) (8)
1880-1884................ 476 131 1 130 87 64 195 (*)
1885-1889— ........... 542
(8) (8)
153 1 152 73 119 196 (8) (8)
(8 )
1890-1804................ 759 284 14 271 63 145 266 (8) (3)
1895-1899................. 812
(8)
326 48 279 56 256 174 10, 844 3.0 7.5
1900-1904................ 1,141 543 194 348 115 389 94 13, 321 4.1 8.6
1005-1909................ 1,692 808 440 0361 255 489 141 15,793 5.1 10.7
1910-1914................ 2,296 986 697 9291 363 604 345 19, 774 4.9 11.6
1915-1919................. 2,589 1,069 845 0225 466 COO 446 18,827 5.7 13.8
1920-1924................ 2,938 1,233 1,017 0215 476 643 581 22,329 5.5 13.2
1925-1929............... 3,587 1,189 1,066 0123 687 884 820 29,345 4.1 12.2
1930-3934.............. 4,748 1,632 1,396 9236 894 1, 043 1,177 29, 491 5.5 16.1
1934.................... 4 ,024 1, 6 0 8 1,241 9267 773 987 755 29, 763 5.1 13.5
1935......................... 4, C66 1,651 1,268 9383 926 1, 042 1,043 32,090 5.1 14.5
1936......................... 4,967 1,832 1,395 9437 996 944 1,186 35,192 5.2 14.1
1937...................... 4,978 1,840 1,378 9402 1,077 941 1,116 34,966 5.3 14. 2
1938......................... 5,277 2,380 1,803 9583 852 994 1,039 33,098 7.2 15. 0
1939 (Orel.)............. 5,437 2,263 1,756 9507 1,100 958 1,109 34,809 6.6 15. 6
i Includes Puerto Rico, Hawaii, Phil. Isis., and beginning 1910, Virgin Islands not shown separately.
1geet sugar not converted to raw prior to 1009. Refined reduced to raw basis by multiplying bv 1.07.
3 For 1000 to 1906, shipments to the United States. *
4Statistics for 1874 to 1880 represent exports. Normal grinding season begins Oct. 1. In 1933, production
was from grindings of Oct. 1,1933 to Doc. 31, 1934; beginning 1934, from grindings of the next calendar year.
Lxports 1871 to 1911, production 1912 and subsequently. Includes production of muscovado and panocna,
low grades of sugar mostly for domestic consumption.
s Less than 500 tons. ’ One year only. 8 Not available.
I Louisiana and Texas 1909 to 1923; Louisiana only 1924 to 1927; Louisiana and Florida beginning 1928.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, [Bur. of Agricultural Economics. Compiled from official sources and
Internationa] Institute of Agriculture. Published in annual report, Agricultural Statistics, and also in The
World Sugar Situation.
N o . 7 0 2 . —-Su g a r , B e e t a nd C a n e— S t o c k s , P r o d u c t io n , T r a d e , a n d C a l-
^ c u l a t e d D is a p p e a r a n c e in C o n t in e n t a l U n it e d S t a t e s : 1866 t o 1939
YEARLY AVERAGE
OR YEAR BEGIN­
NING JULY 1—
Stocks as
of July 11
Produc*
tion (beet
and cane
only)9
Short Short
tons tons
1866-1869—
336,668
1870-1874—
72,507
1875-1879—
96,444
1880-1884—
131,073
1885-1889—
152,879
1890-1894—
284,340
1895-1809—
326,362
1900-1904.,.
542,798
1905-1909 — s 469,724 808,015
1910-1914—
367,581 985,531
1915-1919—
313,917 1,069,086
1920-1924...
366,030 1.233.000
1925-1929—
994,314 1.189.000
2930-1934—
1,124,075 1.032.000
1925 .................... 724,260 1.119.000
1926 .................... 947,793 1.008.000
1927 .................... 749,921* 1.242.000
1928 .................... 1,157, 234 1.271.000
1929 .................... 1,392,361 1.307.000
1930 _... 1,170,755 1.508.000
1931 ........................................
1,159, 359 1.421.000
1932 .................... 947,087 1.717.000
1933 .................... 1,028,897 2.007.000
1934 .................... 1,315, 279 1.508.000
1935 ........................................
1,493, 218 1.651.000
1936 ........... 1,444,452 1.832.000
1937 ........................................
1,444,779 1.840.000
1938........... 1,650,431 2,386, Q00
1939 (pro!) 2,021,878 2,263, QQ0
For footnotes, see next page.
Brought in
from
insular
areas 3
Short
tons
500,764
751,050
1,038,605
1,0GG, 272
1,314,489
2,015,035
2,806,825
1,981,482
1,689,347
2,051, 659
1,074,899
2,377,787
2,603,735
2,811,893
3,074, 951
3,234,650
2,308,896
2,686,969
2,832,281
2,691, 820
2,709, 219
2,570,374
Imports
as sugar4 as Exports Exports
sugar* in other
forms8
In terms of raw sugar
Short
tons
7546,088
777,685
830,375
1,151,723
1,414,046
1,864,201
1,943,678
1, 839,377
1, 956,304
2,187,469
2, 834,957
3,721,100
3, 643,910
2,115,816
3, 895,947
3,968,997
3,415,830
4, 115,601
2,823,173
2, 416,398
2, 321,442
1,710,999
1, 350, 426
2,773,813
2, 372,066
2,010,671
1, 742,402
1,666,440
2, 512,313
Short
tons
7 2,243
5,268
23,820
39, 347
43,136
16,903
5, 660
7,301
32,423
91,554
642,023
448, 697
158,468
82,407
325,804
124, 555
115, 566
139,324
87,092
77,131
58,973
44,000
67, 427
164,504
103, 349
83,859
04,946
88,959
230,445
Short
tons
8 24,351
15,164
44,538
36,102
31, 270
22,136
24,998
26,303
29,833
31,894
43,320
33,026
28, 522
22,437
16,705
9,992
13,220
11, 345
14,560
14,048
13,745
CALCULATED
d is a p p e a r a n c e
Total
Per
capita
Short
ions Pounds
1880, 513 1 31.2
844,924 40.6
902,999 38.1
1, 243,449 46.4
1,524,389 51.0
2,131, 644 G4.2
2, 264,380 62.3
2,875, 638 71.7
3,479,847 78.8
4, 090,350 85.4
4, 365, 561 84.8
5,698,377 102.9
6, 567, 508 110.3
6,475,989 103.3
6, 422, 094 111.0
6,713,358 114.4
6,156,777 103.4
6, 055,155 115.3
6,590,154 107.6
6,438,372 104.1
6,679,112 107.2
6, 364,703 101.5
6, 217,562 98.5
6,680,106 105.1
6,642,232 103.8
6, 579,421 102.1
5,989,154 92.3
6,287,205 96.4
7,078,538 107,9

SUGAR 727
N o. 7 0 2 .— S u g a r , B e e t a n d C a n e — S t o c k s , P r o d u c t i o n , T r a d e a n d C a l ­
c u l a t e d D i s a p p e a r a n c e i n C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s : 1866 t o 1939—
Continued
TEAR BEGINNING
JULY 1—
Production
(beet
Stocks as
of July 1 1 and cane
only)8
Brought
in from
insular
areas3
Imports
as sugar * as Exports Exports
sugar1
in other
forms8
CALCULATED
DISAPPEARANCE
Total
Per
capita
In terms of refined sugar»
Short Short
Short tons Short tons Short tons Short tons tons tons Short Iona Pounds
1925................................. 080,433 1,046,000 1,859, 332 3, 634, 323 303, 073 23,298 6,002,002 103.8
1020................................. 891.115 942,000 1,588,981 3,714,054 115,865 24, 514 6,291,375 107.2
1027................................. 704, 396 1,160,000 1,930,732 3,196,443 107,704 27,805 5,708,102 96,9
1928................................. 1,087,060 1,188,000 1,858, 331 3,851,311 129,846 29,726 0, 616,158 108.0
1929................................. 1,309,872 1,222, 000 2,239, 140 2,641,709 81,167 40,375 6,182,327 100.9
1930.............................. 1,108,852 1,409,000 2,451,011 2,201,187 71,884 30,781 6,030,349 97.7
1931.......................... 1,088,636 1,328,000 2,675,906 2,186,307 55,541 20,862 6,300,086 101.2
1932................... ............. 890,450 1,605,000 2,924,863 1,611,418 41,439 21,131 6,011,706 95.9
1933.......................... ___ 957,455 1,875,000 3,074,820 1,277,481 63,503 15,733 5,870,069 9 3.0
1934................................. 1, 235,461 1,409,000 2,109,181 2, 612, 372 154,929 9,410 6,303,773 99.2
1935................... ............. 1,400,084 1,543,000 2,567,242 2,234,000 07,333 12,451 6,269,158 97.9
1930-............................... 1,355,384 1,713,000 2,003,610 1,893,643 78,078 10, 685 6,203,120 96.3
1937................................. . 1,362,860 1,720,000 2,560,193 1,641,060 61,166 13,713 5,657,070 8 7.2
1938................................. 1,551,264 2,230,000 2,577,220 1,569,450 83.782 13,230 5,932,931 60.9
1030 Cprol.).............. 1,897,991 2,115,000 2,444,880 2,360,007 217,033 12,045 6 ,6 7 3 ,634 101,7
1Beginning 1909, stocks on hand are taken into account. Figures for 1909-21 are for cane sugar only,
stocks on hand July 1,1922, comparable with July 1,1921, amounted to 295,402 tons; 1022-34 includes stocks
of raw cane sugar in all ports and beet sugar held by factories, according to trade sources. Beginning 1935,
includes stocks of raw and refined sugar held by refiners, by importers and distributors of direct consumption
sugar, and by beet sugar faotories, as reported by the Sugar Division, U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Stocks on July 1, 1935, comparable with July 1,1934, totaled 1,051,296 tons raw value.
8 Beet sugar converted to raw at the rate of 1.075 until 1921.
3 Includes Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines; Virgin Islands included beginning July 1, 1917.
* No account taken of sugar imported in other forms. Imports from the Philippine Islands excluded
beginning July 1, 1900, and from Virgin Islands beginning July 1,1917; reexports deducted through 1932;
imports for consumption beginning 1933.
8 includes shipments to Hawaii and Puerto Rico for all years, to Alaska beginning 1933, and the Virgin
Islands beginning Jan. 1, 1935. Excludes direct exports to foreign countries through customs districts of
noncontiguous territories.
1 Sugar used in the manufacture of other commodities for export on which drawback was paid, taken into
account beginning 1909.
74-ycar average. 81909 only.
9 Raw sugar coverted to refined by multiplying by the following factors: For years prior to 1022,0.9369;
1922-30, Cuba and Hawaii, 0.9358; Puerto Rico, 0.9393; Philippine Islands, 0.95; all others. 0.932; beginning
1931, Hawaii, 0.9017; Puerto Rico, Philippine Islands, and Virgin Islands, 0.946; Cuba and all others, 0.9418.
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Bur. of Agricultural Economics; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.
Also published in The World Sugar Situation.
N o . 7 0 3 .-— S u g a r , B e e t a n d C a n e , R a w — P e r c e n t D is t r ib u t io n o f C o n ­
s u m p t io n i n C o n t in e n t a l U n it e d S t a t e s , b y S o u r c e : 1870 t o 1939
N o t e .—Percents are based on figures In tables V01 and 702, except that stocks have been disregarded
YEARLY AVER­
AGE OR YEAR
BEGINNING
JULY 1“
Percent
of world
production
retained
for consumption
PERCENT OP CONSUMP­
TION FROM l—
Domestic
Noncontiguous
territory
8
YEAR BEGIN­
NING JULY 1—
Percent
of world
production
retained
for consumption
PERCENT OF CONSUMP­
TION FROM l—
All foreign
countries
Domestic
Noncontiguous
territory
8
All foreign
countories
1870-1874 - - (8) 8.0 13.4 78.0 1925.......-........... 23.8 16.8 29,8 53.3
187fi-1R79 (a) 10.7 13.5 75.8 1996 23.9 15.5 25.9 58.6
1880-1884_____ _ « 10.6 17.1 72.4 1927------ -------- 22.3 18.0 31.3 49.8
1885-1889 (3) 10. o. 18.8 71.2 1928.................... 23.2 17.7 27.5 '54.9
1890-1894 (3) 13.3 11.1 75.6 1999 20.6 20.5 37.3 42.2
189&-1899............ 20.9 14,4 13.4 72.1 1930................... 20.2 23.5 40.6 35.9
1900-1004 ........... 21.6 18.9 17.4 63.7 1931.................... 22.0 22.0 43.6 34.5
1905-1909 22.0 23.0 21.6 55.3 1932.................... 23.5 20.7 47.8 25.0
iflin-iou 20.8 24.0 25.3 50.7 1988 22.3 30.8 49.7 19.5
191R-1910 22.8 25.0 24.9 50.2 1984 21.0 23.5 36.0 40.5
1090-1994 25.0 21.3 22.7 5C.0 1935.................... 20.6 25.0 40.8 34.2
1095-1090 22.7 17.9 30.3 51.9 1936.................... 18.7 27.8 43.0 29.1
1080-1084 ....... 21.9 25.3 43. 5 31.2 1987 17.7 29.7 43.5 20.8
1098 24,5 10.7 22.6 57.7 1938.................... 20.1 35.8 40.7 23.5
1924-............. 24.1 19.2 25.2 55.6 1939.................... 20.4 31.9 30.2 31.9
>Exports assumed to be wholly from sugar imported from foreign countries.
>Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Philippine Islands and beginning July 1,1917, Virgin Islands.
>Not available.
Source: 1875 to 1909, computed from production as reported by the Department of Agriculture, and
exports, imports, and shipments as reported by the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign apd
Domestic Commerce; thereafter, based on data in tables 701 and 703,

7 2 8 FARM CROPS ADD FOODSTUFFS
N o . 7 0 4 . — S u g a r , R a w a nd R e p in e d — W h o l e s a l e P r ic e s , N e w Y o r k , 1891
t o 1939, a nd b y M o n t h s , 1937, 1938, a n d 1939
yearly
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Raw,
96°
centrifugal
Refined,
granulated
1SS1-1S06-. 3.3 4.4
1890-1000- 4.1 4.8
1001-1905— 3.9 4.9
1906-1910— 4.0 4.8
1011-1015- 4.1 5.0
191G-302O— 7.8 8.8
1021-1025- 5.8 6.7
1926-1930- 4.1 5.3.
1931-1035-. 3.1 4.4
1935........... 3.2 4.9
1930............ 3.6 4.8
1937 .................... 3.5 4.7
1938 .................... 2.9 4.5
1939 .................... 3.0 4.6
YEAR
AND
MONTH
1937
Jan-.........
Feb.........
M ar____
Apr____
M ay.......
June........
July.........
Aug.........
Sept........
Oct..........
Nov........
Deo.........
3.9
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.3
3.2
(dents per pound 1
Raw,
96°
ccntrlfuga.1
Refined,
granulated
4.0
4.0
4.7
4.7
4.7
4.6
4.0
4.0
5.0
4.8
4.8
4.8
YEAR
AND
MONTH
1938
Jan............
Feb...........
M ar.......—
Apr...........
May..........
June..........
July..........
Aug..........
Sept..........
Oot...........
Nov_____
Deo...........
3.2
3.2
3.1
2.0
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
3.0
3.1
3.0
2.0
Raw,
90®
centrifugal
Refined,
granulated
4.7
4.7
4.6
4.6
4.6
4.4
4.4
* 4.3
4.5
4.6
4.5
4.4
YEAR.
AND
MONTH
1939
Jan............
Feb...........
M ar.........-
Apr...........
M ay..........
June..........
July..........
Aug...........
Sept..........
Oct............
Nov..........
Deo_____
2.9
2.8
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.9
2.9
2.9
3.7
3.4
3.0
3.0
Source: Dept, of Labor, Bur. of Labor Statistics: published in 'Wholesale Prices, June and Dec. issues.
N o . 7 0 5 . — -R u b b e r — W o r ld P r o d u c t io n a n d U. S. I m p o r t s : 1911 t o 1939
N ote.—F igures include guayule. Value of Imports of rubber (excluding guayule beginning 1011) are
shown in table 559, p. 494. Tons are oi 2,240 pounds
YEAR
Total
WORLD PRODUCTION
Raw,
90°
centrifugal
Refined,
granulated
Plantation
(Middle
East)
Wild
(tropical
America
and
Africa)
Imports
united STATES
Reexports
Retainod
Amount
4.3
4.2
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.3
4.3
5.6
5.2
4,8
4.6
AVERAGE PRICE
PER POUND,
NEW YORK
Pine
para
Share
of
world
production
Plantation,
ribbed,
smoked
sheet
Long Long Long Long Long Long
tons tons tons tons tons tons Percent Dollars Dollars
1911...................... 94.055 17,601 76,554 44,425 2.607 41,728 44.4 1.110 1.413
1912....... ............... 114,276 33,306 80,970 58,434 2,497 55.937 48.9 1.052 1.216
1913...................... 120,123 53,644 66,479 53,907 1,920 51,987 43.3 .807 .820
1914_____ _____ 122.914 74,328 48,586 64,884 2,619 62.265 50.7 .616 .653
1915...................... 170,826 118,370 54,456 101,093 2,103 98,990 57.0 .557 .657
1916...................... 214,089 161.842 52,247 121,709 4,098 117,611 54.9 .669 .725
1917...................... 278,140 221,452 56,688 183,255 4,004 179,261 64.4 .648 .722
1918................ 219,684 181,061 38,623 146,332 2,750 143,382 65.3 .646 .602
1019...................... 390,731 348,990 60,741 240,690 2,283 238,407 59.6 .483 .485
1020...................... 341,994 305,106 36,888 253,681 4,160 249,521 73.0 .333 .359
1921..................... 301,612 277,516 23,996 185,452 5,716 179,736 59.6 .182 .165
1922............... ...... 406,304 379.520 26,874 301,077 4,809 296,268 72.0 .183 .173
1923...................... 408,041 380.058 28,583 309, 345 8,772 300,373 73.6 .248 .307
1924...................... 425,991 394,037 31,954 329,412 10,309 319,103 74.9 .212 .264
1925...................... 528,486 488,825 39,660 400,423 14,827 385,596 73.0 .609 .730
1926...................... 621,757 681,443 40,314 417,643 17,671 399,972 64.3 .380 .487
1927,..................... 606,067 562,252 44,415 431,246 27,775 403,471 66.5 .268 .381
1928................. ..... 653,837 622.018 31,819 439, 731 32,150 407.572 62.3 .186 .226
1929...................- 803,207 835,252 28,015 565,087 36.485 528,602 01.2 0) .200
1930...................... 821,914 802,082 19,832 . 487,828 30,205 457,423 55.7 0) .119
1931...................... 798,324 782.909 15,415 501,788 25,609 476,179 69.6 0) .062
1932............... ....... 708,449 700,239 8,210 414,668 20,937 393,731 55.6 I .035
1933 ..................... 851,456 838.836 12,620 418,902 20,576 398,326 46.8 M .060
1934...................... 1,016,500 1,004.253 12,250 463,018 23,856 439,162 43.2 ') .129
1935................ 872,413 855,038 17,375 467,146 11,390 455,756 52.2 (1) .124
1936...................... 856,375 833,656 22, 720 488,146 12,582 475,563 55.5 (■) .165
1937............ -........ 1,135,398 1,108.717 26,681 600,476 7,948 592,528 52.2 (I) .194
1038................ 889,438 864.098 25,340 412,092 5,652 400,440 45.7 M .147
1930,..................... 1, 004,809 972,130 32, 739 499, 353 13,125 486,228 48.4 (0 .179
1Discontinued.
Source: Dent, of Commerce, Bur. of Foreign and Domestic Commerce (compiled from various original
sources)! data through 1037 are published in “Rubber Statistics, 1900-1937.” Statistics and other faots
relating to rubber are published currently in Rubber News Letter. Prices, Dept, of Labor, Bur. of Labor
Statistics (except plantation, 1910 to 1914, from U. S. Rubber Co.), published in Wholesale Prices, Deo.
issue.

G OTTO IT 729
N o . 7 0 6 .— C o tto n— P r o d u c t io n , C o n s u m p t io n , E x p o r t s , I m p o r t s , P r ic e s ,
a n d C a r r y -O v e r : 1905 t o 1940
N o t e . — A l l f i g u r e s , e x c e p t a v e r a g e n e t w e ig lit a n d p r ic e , i n t h o u s a n d s c l b a l e s . P r o d u c t i o n f i g u r e s r e l a t e
t o c r o p o f p r e c e d i n g y e a r a n d a r e c o m p i l e d f r o m i n d i v i d u a l r e p o r t s o f g i n n e r s . B e g i n n i n g 1 0 1 1 , p r i c e
p e r p o u n d r e p r e s e n t s a v e r a g e p r i c e r e c e i v e d b y g r o w e r s , a s o o m p u t e d b y D e p a r t m e n t o f A g r i c u l t u r e ;
f o r e a r l i e r y e a r s , i t i s a v e r a g e p r i c e o f a v e r a g e g r a d e m a r k e t e d i n N e w O r l e a n s p r i o r t o A p r i l l o f f o l l o w i n g
y e a r , C o n s u m p t i o n f i g u r e s r e l a t e t o l 2 m o n t h s d u r i n g w h i c b c r o p o f s p e c f f l a d y e a r w a s c b i e f l y m a r k e t e d ,
a n d n o t t o c a l e n d a r y e a r , E x p o r t a n d i m p o r t f i g u r e s ( c o m p i l e d b y B u r e a u o f F o r e i g n a n d D o m e s t i c
C o m m e r c e ) r e l a t e t o 1 2 m o n t h s b e g i n n i n g S e p t . 1 to r y e a r s p r io r t o I B IS , a n d t o 1 2 m o n t h s b e g i n n i n g
A u g . 1 , t h e r e a f t e r . F i g u r e s f o r H n t e r s a r c i n c l u d e d i n t h o s e f o r c o n s u m p t i o n p r i o r t o 1 9 0 8 , a n d i n e x p o r t
f i g u r e s p r i o r t o 1 9 1 5 . S e p a r a t e f i g u r e s f o r l i n t e r s p r i o r t o t h o s e y e a r s n o t a v a i l a b l e . S e e 1 9 S 7 S t a t i s t i c a l
A b s t r a c t , t a b l e 6 5 9 , f o r f i g u r e s f o r y e a r s p r i o r t o 1 9 0 5
COTTON (EXCLUSIVE OF LINTERS)
P r o d u c t i o n
T E A R E N D E D
J U L Y 3 1 1
R u n n i n g
E q u i v a l e n t
b a l e s ,
5 0 0 - p o u n d
c o u n t i n g
b a l e s , g r o s s
r o u n d a s
w e i g h t
h a l t b a l e s
A v e r a g e
n e t
w e i g h t
o f b a l e
( l b . )
A v o r a g o
p r i c o p o r
p o u n d
u p l a n d
c o t t o n
( c e n t s )
C o n ­
s u m p t i o n
( r u n n i n g
b a l e s )
E x p o r t s
o f d o ­
m e s t i c
c o t t o n
( r u n n i n g
b a l e s )
I m p o r t s
( e q u i v a ­
l e n t 6 0 0 -
p o u n d
b a l e s )
C a r r y ­
o v e r
( r u n n i n g
b a l e s )
1 0 0 5 ........................................ 1 3 , 4 5 1 1 3 , 4 3 8 4 7 8 8 . 7 4 , 2 7 0 8 , 8 3 5 1 3 0 1 , 9 3 6
1 9 0 6 ........................................ 1 0 , 4 0 5 1 0 , 5 7 5 4 8 2 1 0 . 9 4 , 0 0 0 6 , 7 6 3 1 3 3 1 , 3 4 0
1 9 0 7 ........................................ 1 2 , 9 8 3 1 3 , 2 7 4 4 8 0 1 0 . 0 8 , 5 0 3 2 0 3 1 , 5 1 6
4 , 0 8 5
1 0 0 8 ...................................... 1 1 , 0 5 8 1 1 ,1 0 7 4 8 0 1 1 . 5 4, 5 3 9 7 , 5 7 3 1 4 1 1 , 2 3 6
1 9 0 0 ........................................ 1 3 , 0 8 6 1 3 , 2 4 2 4 8 4 9 . 2 fi, 0 0 2 3 , 6 7 4 1 6 6 1 , 4 8 4
m o ........................................ 1 0 , 0 7 3 I D , 0 0 5 4 7 5 1 4 . 3 4 , 6 2 2 6 , 3 3 9 1 5 1 1 , 0 4 0
1 9 1 1 ........................................ 1 1 , 5 0 8 1 1 , 0 0 9 4 8 0 1 4 , 0 7 , 7 8 1 2 3 1 1 , 3 7 5
4 , 4 0 8
1 0 1 2 ........................................ 1 6 , 5 5 3 1 5 , 6 0 3 4 8 3 9 . 6 6 , 1 2 9 1 0 , 0 8 2 2 2 0 1 , 7 7 7
1 9 1 3 ........................................ 1 3 , 4 8 9 1 3 , 7 0 3 4 8 6 1 1 , 5 6 , 4 8 3 8 , 8 0 1 2 2 6 1 , 6 9 8
1 9 U ........................................ • 1 3 , 0 8 3 1 4 , 1 5 0 4 8 4 1 2 . 5 6 , 5 7 7 8 , 9 1 6 2 6 6 1 , 4 4 8
1 0 1 5 ........................................ 1 5 , 9 0 6 1 6 , 1 3 6 4 8 5 7 . 8 6 , 6 9 7 8 , 3 2 3 3 6 4 3 , 9 3 6
1 9 1 6 ........................................ 1 1 , 0 6 8 1 1 , 1 9 2 4 8 4 1 1 . 2 6 , 8 9 6 4 2 1 3 , 1 4 0
6 , 3 9 8
1 9 1 7 ........................................ 1 1 , 8Q d 1 1 , 4 5 0 4 8 2 1 7 . 3 2 8 8 2 , 7 2 0
5 , 3 0 0 6 , 7 8 0
1 9 1 8 ........................................ 1 1 , 2 4 8 1 1 , 3 0 2 4 8 0 2 7 . 1 0 , 6 0 6 4 , 2 8 8 2 1 7 3 , 4 6 0
1 9 1 9 ..................................- 1 1 , 9 0 0 1 2 , 0 4 1 4 8 4 2 8 . 8 6 , 7 6 8 5 , 5 9 2 1 9 7 4 , 2 8 7
1 0 2 0 ........................................ 1 1 , 3 2 6 1 1 , 4 2 1 4 8 2 3 6 . 4 8 , 4 2 0 0 , 5 4 5 6 8 3 . 3 , 5 6 3
1 0 2 1 ........................................ 1 3 , 2 7 1 1 3 , 4 4 0 4 8 4 1 5 . 8 5 , 7 4 5 2 1 1 6 , 6 3 4
4 , 8 9 3
1 0 2 2 ........................................ 7 , 0 7 8 7 , 9 5 4 4 7 6 1 0 . 9 6 , 1 8 4 3 5 2 2 , 8 3 2
6 , 9 1 0
1 0 2 3 ........................................ 9 , 7 2 9 9 , 7 f l2 4 8 0 4 5 0 2 , 3 2 5
2 2 . 0 8 , 6 6 8 4 , 8 2 3
1 9 2 4 ........................................ 1 0 , 1 7 1 1 0 , 1 4 0 4 7 7 2 8 . 7 6 , 6 8 1 5 , 6 5 6 2 7 2 1 , 6 6 6
1 9 2 5 ........................................ 1 3 , 6 3 9 1 3 , 6 2 8 4 7 8 2 2 . 9 0 , 1 9 3 8 , 0 0 5 3 0 3 1 , 6 1 0
1 9 2 6 ........................................ 1 6 , 1 2 3 1 6 , 1 0 4 4 7 8 1 9 . 6 3 1 4 3 , 6 4 3
6 , 4 6 6 8 , 0 5 1
1 0 2 7 ........................................ 1 7 , 7 5 5 1 7 , 9 7 7 4 8 4 3 8 2 3 , 7 6 2
1 2 . 5 7 , 1 0 0 1 0 , 9 2 7
1 0 2 8 ........................................ 1 2 , 7 8 3 1 2 , 0 6 6 4 8 5 2 , 6 3 0
7 , 6 4 2 3 2 1 2 0 . 2 6 , 8 3 4
1 9 2 0 ........................................ 1 4 , 2 0 7 1 4 , 4 7 8 4 8 4 1 8 . 0 7 , 0 0 1 8 , 0 4 4 4 4 2 2 , 3 1 2
1 0 3 0 ........................................ 1 4 , 5 4 8 1 4 , 8 2 5 4 8 7 1 6 . 8 0 , 1 0 8 Q, (300 3 6 8 4 ,3 3 0
1 0 3 1 ........................................ 1 3 , 7 6 6 1 3 , 9 3 2 4 8 4 9 . 5 5 , 2 0 3 6 , 7 6 0 0 9 6 , 3 7 0
5 . 7 4 , 8 0 0 8 , 7 0 8 1 0 3 2 ........................................ 1 6 , 0 2 9 1 7 , 0 9 6 4 9 2 1 0 7 9 , 6 7 8
1 0 3 3 ........................................ 1 2 , 7 1 0 1 3 , 0 0 2 4 0 0 fi.fi 0 , 1 3 7 8 , 4 1 9 1 2 4 8 , 1 6 5
1 9 3 4 ........................................ 1 2 , 6 6 4 1 3 , 0 4 7 4 9 3 1 3 7 1 0 . 3 7 , 5 3 4 7 , 7 4 4
5 , 7 0 0
1 0 3 8 ........................................ 0 , 4 7 2 9 , 6 3 7 4 8 7 1 0 7 7 , 2 0 8
1 2 . 4 4 , 7 9 9 5 , 3 6 1
1 0 3 0 ........................................ 1 0 , 4 2 0 1 0 , 6 8 8 4 8 8 1 1 . 1 5 , 0 7 3 1 5 5 6 , 4 0 0
• 0 , 3 5 1
1 0 3 7 ........................................ 1 2 , 1 4 1 1 2 , 3 0 9 4 8 0 1 2 . 3 7 , 0 5 0 5 , 4 4 0 2 4 9 4 , 4 9 0
1 0 3 8 ........................................ 1 8 , 2 6 2 1 8 , 9 4 6 4 9 7 8 . 4 6 , 7 4 8 5 , 6 0 8 1 5 8 1 1 , 6 3 3
1 0 3 0 ....................................... 1 1 , 0 2 3 1 1 , 9 4 4 4 9 2 8 . 6 6 , 8 5 8 3 , 3 2 7 1 3 2 1 3 , 0 3 8
1 9 4 0 ........................................ 1 1 , 4 8 1 1 1 , 8 1 0 4 9 3 0 . 1 7 , 7 8 4 6 j 1 0 2 1 5 0 10, 6 6 4
i F o r e x c e p t i o n s , s e e h e a d n o t a ,
S o u r c o : D e p a r t m e n t o f O o m m o r o o , B u r e a u o f t h e C o n s u s ; a n n u a l r e p o r t , C o t t o n P r o d u c t i o n a n d D i s ­
t r i b u t i o n , e x e o p t a s n o t e d i n h o a d n o t e .
2G7700°— 41------ 48

N o . TO T. C o t t o n s e e d a n d C o t t o n s e e d P r o d u c t s— P r o d u c t io n , V a l u e , a n d E x p o r t s , 1881 t o 1940, a n d b y S t a t e s , 1940 - j
N o t e . — C o tto n s e e d p r o d u c tio n r e la te s to t h e p re c e d in g c ro p y e a r; o th e r d a t a r e la te to 12 m o n th s e n d e d J u l y 31, e x c e p t e x p o rts , w h ic h a re fo r 12 m o n th s e n d e d J u n e 30 o t y e a r 9 5
____________________________ ' _______________________________________ in d ic a te d i n s t a b . T o n s a re 2.000 p o u n d s
COTTO KSEED
COTTONSEED PRODUCTS
YEARLY AVERAGE OR
YEAR ENDED IDLY
31 OR JUNE 30—
P r o ­
d u c ­
tio n
U s a d
i n
TTijlfo
O il
P r o d u c tio n V a lu e V a lu e p e r u n i t E x p o r ts
M e a l
a n d
cak e
H u lls
h u n te rs
A ll
p r o d u c ts
O il
M e a l
e n d
cak e
H u lls L in te rs O il
M e a l
a n d
c a k e
H u lls L in te r s o a
M e a l
a n d
c o k e
1881-1890..........................
1891-1900_____________
1001-1905..........................
1906-1910.........................
1911-1915..........................
1016-1920..........................
1921-1925..........................
1926-1930..........................
1931-1935..........................
1,000
tOTlS
3,018
4,280
5,139
5.258
6,353
5,116
4,878
6,784
5,932
1,000
to n s
553
1,625
3,085
3,296
4,847
4,285
3,646
5,319
4,474
1,0 0 0
p o u n d s
165,810
483,015
890, 745
990,450
1,466,940
1,302,050
1,125,196
1,631,597
1, 398, 611
1929 .................... 6,435 5,061 1,604,131
1930 .......................... ..........................
8,590 5, 016 1, 572,322
1931 __________ 6,191 4,715 1,441, SS2
1932 __________________ 7,602 5,328 1,694,123
1933 .................... 5,782 4,621 1,445,681
1934 ............... ..................... 5, S03 4,157 1,302,786
1935
1936
....................
....................
4,282
4,729
3,550
3,818
1 ,308, 582
1,163,736
1937..................... ...............
1938___................................
1939.....................................
1 9 4 0 .............................. -
A l a b a m a . .-
A riz o n a ............. - -
A r k a n s a s ................
C a l i f o r n i a ______
G e o rg ia ....................
L o u is ia n a ____
M is s is s ip p i............
N o r t h C a r o lin a ..
O k la h o m a ..............
S o u th C a r o lin a ..
T e n n e s s e e ..............
A ll o th e r S ta te s ..
5,511
8,426
5,309
5.259
347
90
633
197
409
332
706
204
230
388
198
1,274
250
4,498
6,326
4,471
4,151
211
92
455
168
398
220
641
165
154
238
338
962
109
1,363,978
1,961,486
1, 409,414
1,325,241
67,459
29,961
149,000
55,939
129,229
70,660
219,915
54,295
43,858
78,122
130,288
281,777
34,738
1,000
to n s
193
570
1,130
1,339
2,162
2,041
1,654
2,409
2,032
2,282
2,232
2,165
2,401
2,093
1,889
1,614
1,739
2,031
2,830
2,023
1,882
90
41
201
80
174
to o
277
75
77
110
144
464
50
1,000
to n s
M ,1 6 9
1,382
1,195
1, 527
1,093
1,082
1,495
1,229
1,368
1,384
1,304
1,511
1,312
1,103
913
988
1,144
1,026
1,161
1,055
61
25
116
36
108
54
158
37
38
57
90
249
26
B a le s i
«114,544
167,327
282,064
595, 225
943,474
578,384
1,117, 754
954, 286
1,234,287
1,195,676
950,177
1,028,851
879,262
947,099
965,5 4 0
1, 050,213
1,357,296
1,754, 516
1,329,208
1,283,122
4 9 ,111
22,804
170,036
58,612
107,468
64,973
226,250
46,685
50,681
68,607
117,895
263,305
36,695
1,000
d o lla rs
12,164
25,580
65,148
83,424
143,766
312, 781
177, 947
247, 765
129, 846
265,247
229,440
169,704
102,548
87,313
111,925
177, 738
167, 745
229,183
212,197
153,385
159,212
7,760
3,549
17,727
6,881
14,915
8,150
24,800
6,216
6,342
9,138
12,912
36,530
4,292
1,000
d o lla rs
7,864
13,348
34,038
40,432
75,534
179,249
91,147
132,413
67,335
133,908
114,892
91,638
57,546
47,234
48,409
91, 849
101,454
123,189
121,510
86,601
77,561
3,919
1,843
8,925
3,384
7,366
4 ,0 4 2
13,151
3,144
2,561
4,422
6,772
15,920
2,112
1,000
d o lla rs
4,300
11,733
2 2 ,8 2 4
. 32,236
51,580
92,191
61,141
81, 514
42, 939
90,706
82,296
58,623
33,071
29,467
39,513
54,023
38,753
65,783
62,843
47,194
54.003
2,471
1,179
5,519
2,272
4,877
2,666
7,094
2,009
2,710
3,039
3,849
14,827
1,491
1O f 500 p o u n d s n e t. 2 B a s e d o n g ro ss w e ig h t o f b a le . 3 F ig u re s fo r 1900. * 6-y e a r a v e ra g e , 1895-1900.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bure an of the Census; annual report. Cotton Production and Distribution.
1,000
d o lla rs
3 3,190
5,400
7,242
10,126
14,845
11,539
11,294
7, 633
12,842
12,103
10,474
5,237
4,681
7,513
10 ,2 6 0
6,568
10,472
8,917
7.123
8,728
630
177
876
262
1,096
483
1,115
335
358
532
586
2.123
155
1,000
d o lla r s
* 1 , 8 0 0
2 , 8 8 6
3,514
6, 526
26, 4 9 6
14,120
22,544
11,938
27,793
20,149
8,969
6,694
5,931
16,490
2 1 ,6 0 6
20,970
29,739
18,927
12,267
18,920
740
350
2,407
963
1,576
959
3,440
728
713
1,145
1,705
3,660
534
C e n ts
p e r lb.
4 .7
2 .8
3 .8
4.1
5.1
13.8
8 .1
8 .1
4 .8
8 .3
7 .3
6 .4
3 .4
3 .3
3 .7
8 .3
8 .7
9 .0
6 .2
6 .1
5 .9
5 .8
6 .2
- 6 .0
6 .0
5 .7
5 .7
6 .0
5 .8
5 .8
5 .7
6 .1
5 .6
6 .1
D o lla r s
p e r to n
22.25
20.58
20.19
24.07
23.86
45.28
36.97
33.84
21.13
39.75
36.87
27.08
13.77
14.08
20.92
33. 46
22.29
32.39
22.20
23.32
28.69
27.57
28.71
27.44
28.39
28.06
26.75
25.57
26.93
35.41
27.51
26.75
31.96
29.81
D o lla r s
p e r to n
* 2 .73
3.91
6.08
6.63
13.58
10.66
7.55
6.21
9 .39
8 .7 4
8 .04
3 .47
3.57
6.81
11.24
6 .65
9 .15
5.48
6.13
a 27
10.31
7.01
7.53
7 .35
10.13
8.91
7 .06
9 .04
9 .4 9
9 .37
a 52
a 54
o. 95
C e n ts
p e r TbA
* 3 .1
3.1
2 .4
2.1
5 .4
4 .7
3 .9
2 .4
4 3
3 .2
1 .8
1 .3
1.3
3 .4
4 .3
3 .9
4 .2
2 .1
1 .8
2 .8
2 .9
2 .9
2 .7
3.1
2 .8
2 .9
2 .9
3 .0
2 .7
3 .2
2 .8
2 .7
2 .8
1,0 0 0
p o u n d s
34.038
191,157
297,888
311,463
290,311
1 7 ^ 8 7 7
106,371
48,762
28,100
29,531
31,998
26,353
41.038
44,427
23,189
5,495
3,571
3,315
7,806
4,212
18,590
1,000
to n s

FOBffltGN TRADE IN COTTON AND OOEEKE 731
N o .7 0 8 .—C o tto n (E x c lu d in g L in t e r s ) 1— E x p o r ts , b y C o u n trie s : 1866to 1940
Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E
O R Y E A R *
Total
value
(thousands
of
dollars)
Q U A N T I T Y I N T H O U S A N D S O P B A L E S , E X P O R T E D B Y T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S T O —
A l l
countries
Total
Europe
France Italy Spain
Bel­
United
Kingdom
Germany
gium Union* Soviet China Japan
Canada
1866-1875. 205,285 1,083 1,972 1,433 142 227 17 56 11 53 4
1876-1885. 200,146 3,594 3,653 2,311 330 421 54 125 28 202 21
1886-1896. 227,678 5,121 5,020 2,951 844 536 102 192 120 148

7 3 2 l?ARM CROPS AND POODSTUPPS
N o . 7 1 0 .— T e a — N e t I m p o r t s : 1830 t o 1939
Note.—Quantity, except pox o&pita, in thousands of pounds; value in thousands of dollars; per capita in
pounds. Years ended June 30 through 1918; thereafter, calendar years. Beginning 1919, data relate to
trade of continental United States only (see headnote, table 709); prior to that time the small trade
between the United States and noncontiguous territories is not included_________________________
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
1830..............
1840..............
1850..............
1881-1860—
1861-1870—
1871-1880—
1881-1800—
1801-1805—
1800-1000—
1001-1006—
1900-1910—
1911-1016—
6,873
16,883
28,200
21,028
32,394
59,536
76,534
80,675
80,217
95,814
93,595
05,237
Value
1,532
4,067
3,982
5,361
8,969
18,550
15,071
13, 089
11,357
13,849
15, 211
17,189
Per
capita
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
0 . 1910-1920‘. 64 .
.99 1921-1925—
1.21 1920-1930...
.76 1931-1936—
.91 1920.............
1.32 1021.............
1.84 1022.............
1. 34
1.17
1.18 1025.............
1. 05 1920.............
.00 1927............
Value
106,988 22,528
92,230 24,058
88,664 20,604
80,892 15, 359
87,801 23,408
75,002 13,797
93,928 23,007
1923 ......................
102,157 28,860
1924 ...................... 90, 496 26, 608
99, 667
94, 512
87,896
30,957
30,855
27,091
Per
capita
1.03
.83
.74
.60
.83
.69
.85
.92
.80
.87
.81
.74
YEAR
Quantity
Quantity
Quantity
Value
1928______ 88,843 26,815
1029______ 88,247 25,444
1930 ......................
83,773 22,214
1931 ......................
85,807 18,455
1932._____ 93,857 12,225
1933 ......................
95,705 13,485
1934 ......................
73,979 15,776
1035............ 85,110 16,854
1936 ......................
80,601 17,533
1937 ............ 93,246 20,081
1938 2......... 80,581 18,053
1939 2......... 66,529 20,069
Per
capita
l Average for period July l r 1915, to Dec. 31, 1920. 2 Preliminary.
N o. 7 1 1 .— C o c o a a n d C h o c o l a t e — I m p o r ts : 1871 t o 1939
[Quantity in thousands of pounds; value in thousandsof dollars. Figures represent general imports through
1932; imports for consumption thereafter]__________________________ _
YEARI.V
AVERAGE
OR YEAR 1
COCOA OR CACAO
BEANS AND CHOC­
OLATE 2 YEAR 1
C O C O A OR CACA O
BEANS AND CHOC­
OLATE 2
Quantity Value Quantity Value
1 8 7 1 -1 8 8 0 * ... 5 ,1 3 2 708 1910.................... 244,0 1 1 3 4 ,6 0 2
1881-1800____ 13,504 1 ,8 9 1 1917.................... 3 9 0 ,8 3 8 4 1 ,6 7 4
1801-1000 — 2 9 ,4 0 8 4 ,1 2 0 1918.................. 3 6 0 ,0 1 5 3 7 ,9 7 2
1001-1005— 63.6Q0 8,200 1910.................... 3 0 2 ,3 6 5 5 8 ,3 4 2
1006-1910____ 102,3 0 4 1 3 ,4 1 8 1920..................... 3 4 4 .9 8 6 6 4 ,8 1 1
1011-1016— 161.4 7 3 1 9 ,0 0 2 1021.................... 3 0 6 .5 6 8 2 3 ,5 6 6
1910-1020— 346,6 2 3 4 5 ,4 8 0 1922.................... 3 4 7 ,0 1 0 3 2 ,6 7 1
1021-1025— 367,9 0 7 3 2 ,0 1 9 1923............... - 4 1 6 .8 1 8 3 4 ,3 0 6
1920-1930____ 429.3 3 8 4 7 ,0 4 4 1924.................... 3 8 2 .0 2 9 3 0 ,1 6 2
1931-1936— 487,401 2 1 ,9 5 1 1025.................... 3 8 7 ,1 0 8 3 9 .4 1 2
IQ U 179,364 2 1 .5 0 4 1926..................... 4 3 3 ,1 1 7 4 4 ,2 2 7
1916................... 194,734 2 3 ,4 7 8 1927.................... 4 3 1 ,0 4 9 58,291
YEAR 1
1028..
1929..
1930..
1931.
1932.
1933..
1934.
1935.
1936.
1937.
1938.
1939.
.74
.73
.68
.69
.75
.70
.58
.67
.63
.72
.62
.74
COCOA OR CACAO
BEANS AND
CHOCOLATE 2
Quantity Value
388, 635
515,571
378,320
420,260
483,400
478,800
444,792
609,605
635,414
622,823
456,795
668,224
49.216
61,271
32,214
23,853
20,093
19,104
19,762
26,952
33,517
52,035
20,704
28,230
i Fiscal years through 1915; calendar years thereafter. . . . . . . . . . ________ ...
*Includes 3-year average for quantity of chocolate and 9-year average for its value.
N o. 7 1 2 .— Sil k a n d S il k M a n u f a c t u r e s— I m po r t s a n d E x p o r t s : 1871 t o 1939
[Quantity in thousands of pounds; value, except average price per pound, in thousands of dollars)
U N M A N U F A C T U R E D
SILK, I M P O R T S 2
S I L K M A N U F A C ­
T U R E S , V A L U E
U N M A N U F A C T U R E D
SILK, I M P O R T S 2
S I L K M A N U F A C ­
T U R E S ,
V A L U E
Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E
OR Y E A R 1
Q u a n ­
t i t y
V a l u e
A v e r ­
E x ­
a g e
p o r t s
I m ­
p r i c e
( e x c l u d ­
p o r t s 2 3
p a r
i n g r e ­
p o u n d
e x p o r t s )
Y E A R •
Q u a n ­
t i t y
V a l u e
A v e r ­
a g e
p r i c e
p e r
p o u n d
I m ­
p o r t s 2
E x ­
p o r t s
( e x ­
c l u d ­
i n g r a -
e x -
p o r t s )
1 8 7 1 - 1 8 8 0 -
1 8 8 1 - 1 8 9 0 -
1 8 0 1 - 1 0 0 0 -
1 9 0 1 - 1 9 0 5 -
1 9 0 0 - 1 9 1 0 -
1 9 1 1 - 1 0 1 6 -
1 9 1 6 - 1 9 2 0 -
1 9 2 1 - 1 9 2 6 -
1 0 2 6 - 1 9 3 0 -
1 9 3 1 - 1 9 3 6 -
1 9 1 2 ....................................
2 0 , 6 8 5 6 9 , 5 4 2
1 9 1 3 3__________________
2 , 1 0 2 8 4 , 9 1 5
1 9 1 4 ...................
1 9 1 6 _________
1 9 1 6 4__________________
0 , 8 7 2 1 4 9 , 7 8 5
1 9 1 7 4....................................
3 , 4 2 8 1 8 9 , 7 5 3
1 9 1 8 4....................................
8 , 7 2 1 1 9 4 , 1 9 9
1 9 1 9 — - —
1 0 2 0 ..................
< 1 , 3 4 0
5 , 3 2 8
9 , 2 5 0
1 6 , 7 9 8
2 0 , 2 8 1
3 0 , 1 0 0
4 5 , 6 4 1
6 2 , 0 3 0
8 6 , 4 5 8
7 4 , 5 6 9
3 4 , 5 4 6
3 1 , 0 5 3
6 5 , 5 2 2
3 9 , 0 6 0
3 0 , 3 9 0
1 6 , 7 7 6
2 6 , 8 4 3
4 5 , 9 6 8
0 7 , 4 1 4 -
8 2 , 7 0 3
2 3 6 , 3 3 2
3 5 6 , 2 8 7
3 7 4 , 7 1 6
1 1 5 , 8 8 3
1 0 0 , 9 3 0
8 3 , 1 3 1
3 4 1 , 8 8 7
3 0 1 , 0 3 8
$ 4 . 7 7
3 . 1 5
2 . 9 0
2 . 9 1
3 . 3 2
2 . 7 4
5 . 1 6
5 . 7 4
4 . 3 3
1 . 5 5
2 . 6 2
2 . 6 5
2 . 9 2
2 . 6 8
3 . 6 6
4 . 3 7
3 . 9 9
6 . 1 6
7 . 5 9
2 7 , 0 6 3
3 4 , 1 6 2
2 9 , 7 7 6
3 2 , 2 1 5
3 3 , 7 2 5
2 8 , 3 0 6
4 7 , 1 2 1
4 0 , 9 4 1
3 6 , 3 8 3
8 , 5 9 5
2 4 , 5 6 1
2 7 , 5 9 0
3 5 , 4 5 8
2 6 , 0 5 0
3 7 , 1 1 0
3 9 , 7 6 3
2 8 , 6 0 9
5 4 , 7 4 6
7 5 , 4 1 9
6 3
8 3
2 6 8
4 2 5
8 3 5
2 , 2 1 0
1 6 , 7 3 5
1 2 , 9 9 2
1 7 , 2 0 3
5 , 9 5 4
2 , 0 0 9
2 , 4 0 1
2 , 3 1 6
2 , 7 5 4
6 , 3 6 3
8 , 6 0 8
1 7 , 9 8 2
2 3 , 0 0 3
2 6 , 8 2 1
1 9 2 1 ....................................
1 9 2 2 ....................................
1 0 2 3 ...................
1 9 2 4 ...................
1 9 2 6 ....................................
1 9 2 0 _________
1 9 2 7 ....................................
1 9 2 8 ---------------------------
1 9 2 9 ....................................
1 0 3 0 _________
1 9 3 1 ---------------------------
1 9 3 2 ....................................
1 9 3 3 ....................................
1 9 3 4 _________
1 9 3 5 ....................................
1 9 3 6 __________________
1 9 3 7 _________
52,332 264,723
58,467 371, 620
61,954 401,655
60,603 335,041
70,706 408,386
77,666 402,676
80.344 300,088
88,269 373,331
08,016 432,340
81,994 266,138
89.446 102,288
77,588 114,325
73,005 103,505
60.447 72,528
72,361 96,679
07,541 104,163
64,109 108,481
67,050 80,253
55,271 121,908
1 9 3 8 ....................................
1 9 3 9 ....................................
$5.06
6.36
6.48
5.53
5.32
5.18
4.02
4.28
4.41
3.25
2.15
1.47
1.42
1.20
1.34
1.64
1.60
1.56
2.21
48,276
37,413
44,597
37,690
36,719
40,570
42,234
41,388
30,037
18,687
16,625
5,033
6,229
0,683
7,503
8,561
11,088
8,272
7,655
9,672
11,824
11,136
14,148
18,182
17,788
15,298
18,648
20,388
14,342
9,563
4,547
4,878
5,176
5,605
6,905
7,117
6,064
7,686
1 Fiscal years through 1915; calendar thereafter. 3 Includes artificial silk prior to 1011.
2 General imports through 1932; imports for consumption thereafter.

GRAINS AND OTHER AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES 733
No. 7 1 3 .— C o r n , R ic e , F l a x s e e d , a n d T o b a c c o — E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s :
1852 t o 1940
[Corn and flaxseed in thousands of bushels of 66 pounds; rice and tobacco in thousands of pounds]
YEARLY AVERAGE OR YEAR
ENDED JUNE 30—
c o k n i R IC E3 FLAXSEED
1 .... 1
UNMANUFAC­
TURED TOBACCO
E x p o r ts 3 Im port.*:4 E x p o r ts 3 I m p o r ts 4 E x p o r t s 3 I m p o r ts 4 E x p o r ts 3 I m p o r ts 4
1852-1856............................................. 7,123
56, 615
11 1,133 140,184 6,044
1Rfi7—1861 6,558 * 48 05,732
7 3 2; 730 167,711 7,154
1862-1866— . .................................... 12,066 56 2 ,2 5 8 70,893 16 1,037 140,208 4,132
1807-1871............................................. 9,924 76 1,857 52.954 ra 3 2 ,018 194,754 6,631
1872-1876............................................ 38,561 57 391 72,626 CD 2,915 241,848 8,886
1877-1881............................................. 88,190 42 602 62, Q15 m 1,224 266,316 7,871
1882-1886.................................. .......... 49,992 24 567 99,871 to 1,641 237,942 13,672
1887-1891....................... ..................... 54,606 15 3,210 156,809 M 66 1,833 269,248 21,640
1892-1896............................................. 63,980 8 10, 278 160,808 1, 516 1.182 281,746 25,871
1897-1901............................................. 192,531 4 18,407 165,232 2,660 404 304,402 16,958
1902-1906............................................. 74,616 20 45, 978 150,914 2,950 234 325,639 33.806
1907-1911............................................. 66,508 92 27,196 215,892 2,313 3,249 334,396 42,822
1912-1916................................... 38,774 5,686 60,043 248,775 07 9,227 408,006 55,556
1917-1921................................... 45,296 4,060 299,021 262,514 13 14,750 496,924 74,596
1922-1926................................... 66,759 1,148 200, 030 74,178 m 18,198 496,665 68,476
1927-1931................................... 18,941 1,859 315, 474 43,734 (•) 18,650 552,707 78,384
1933-1930................................... 4,170 10,507 164,457 41,448 « 13,357 418,195 61,169
1034........................................... 4,965 244 104,131 38,837 17,901 472,630 55,701
1935........................................... 2,825 20,427 124.764 72,812 to 15,332 353,347 58,227
1936........................................... 816 31,284 80,438 58.407 TO 15,388 432,668 67,895
1937....................-J__________ 653 77,974 53,884 181,857 to 26,096 416,884 69,308
1938........................................... 103,752 34,440 318,701 106,340

7 3 4 FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
YEARLY AVER-
AGE o n YEAH
ENDED JUNE
SO—
N o. 7 1 5 .— W h e a t — E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s : 1852 t o 1940
EXPORTS (EXCt. BE*
EXPORTS) __
Wheat
(grain)
1,000
bushels
4,715
12,378
22,630
22,107
48,958
107.781
82,884
64,789
09,014
120,247
70,527
62,855
129,415
155,046
140,149
114.781
27,908
Wheat
flour
1,000
barrels
2,892
3,318
8,533
2,685
3,410
5,376
8, 620
11,287
15,713
17,151
15,444
11,841
13,185
19,167
14, 274
12,763
4,763
Wheat
and
flour i
1,000
bushels
10,173
28,970
40,184
36,032
66,037
133,263
121,675
115,529
170,624
197,427
140,026
116,138
188,748
241,899
207,237
174,760
50,295
Im ­
ports—
wheat
and
flour *3
YEAR ENDED
JUNE 30—
EXPORTS (EXCL. RE­
EXPORTS)
Wheat
(grain)
Wheat
flour
Wheat
and
flour1
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
b u s h e ls b u s h e ls b a r r e ls b u s h e ls
4,178 1924.................... 78,793 17,253 159,880
6,979 1925.................... 195, 490 13, 890 260,803
«4,728 1926................... 63,189 9, 642 108,086
1,818 1927................... 156,250 13,386 210,100
1, 680 1028.................... 148, 990 12,821 206,268
906 1929.................... 103,114 12,888 163,688
517 1930.................... 92,175 12,994 168,247
352 1931................... 76,305 11, 726 181,477
1, 634 1932.................... 96, 521 8, 357 136,799
1,280 1933.................... 20,887 4,324 41,211
993 1934.................... 18,800 8,873 37,002
706 1935................... 3,019 3,039 21, 532
2,990 1036.................... 311 3, 323 15,929
26,064 1937.................... 3,168 3,918 21, 584
17,473 1938.-............... 83,740 4,990 107,194
16,491 1939-................. 84,680 6,037 115, 784
21,100 1940 *................. 23,030 6, 519 54, 274
1852-18S6-
1857-1861.
1862-1806.
1867-1871-
1872-1876.
1877-1881..
1882-1880..
1887-1891.
1892-1896.
1897-1901.
1902-1906.
1907-1011.
1912-1918.
1917-1921.
1922-1926.
1027-1931.
1932-1930-
Imand
1,000
bushels
28,070
6,201
15,680
13,263
15,734
21,442
12,956
10,058
12,886
9,380
11,494
25,134
46,638
47,624
3,661
9,023
10,427
i Flour converted to grain at rate of 5 bushels to a barrel, 1852 to 1879, 4J4» 1880 to 1921, 4.7 thereafter,
* Imports for consumption beginning 1938; general imports prior thereto.
* 1862-06; no data for I860. 4Preliminary,
Source: Dept, of Commerce, T3ur. of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. See source notej table 713, p. 733.
N o. 7 1 6 .— C o r n , W h e a t , a n d O a t s— C o m m er c ia l, St o c k s , b y M o n t h s :
1930-31 to 1939-40
N o t e .—All figures In thousands of bushels. Number of pounds to a bushel: Wheat, 60; corn, 50; oats, 32.
Figures represent domestic grain In store in public and private elevators In 39 markets and afloat in
vessels or barges in harbors of lake and seaboard ports; they do not Include grain in transit, stocks in mills
or elevators attached to mills, or private stocks Intended for local use. Stocks are as reported on Saturday
nearest the first of each month. Official statistics were not compiled prior to January 1927. Bradstreet’s
visible supply Is given for earlier years in the 1935 and previous issues of the Statistical Abstraot
YEAR
1030-31........... 4,856
1931- 32.......... 6,680
1932- 33........... 18, 705
1033- 34........... 69,791
1934- 35................. 03,803
1935- 36........... 3,421
1086-37........... 4,326
1937- 38........... 6,651
1938- 39................. 9,899
1039-40...........
Oct. | Nov. Deo. Jan. Feb, Mar. | Apr. May June July Aug. | Sept.
CORN
1030-31........... 109,327 161,897 201,319 220,600 211,381 200,018 109,640 202,694 208,651 213,583 206,400 209,110
1931- 32................. 203,067 235,727 261,742 256,327 244, 043 236,610 226,874 217,719 216,282 207,215 186,649 170,237
1932- 33........... 108,405 175,918 188,342 104,858 101,829 170,428 168,465 155,552 147,132 135,552 124,305 117,530
1933- 34........... 123,712 134,940 151,738 156,652 151,294 142,187 132,511 116,472 107,233 97,132 88,821 78,907
1034- 35_____ 80,548 115,922 122,380 120,075 108,518 99,158 00,937 75,274 01,751 51,882 30,424 30,776
1936- 30.......... 21,051 34,730 62,405 79,703 84,326 81,173 70,694 70,254 59,926 49,919 40,098 31,174
1930-37_____ 25,202 07,305 81,048 82,849 76,423 70,314 62,366 52.251 43,700 34,741 20,253 17,088
1037- 38........... 10,197 80.334 137,032 141,496 130,260 108,631 94,520 79,203 66,487 54,426 43,191 31,316
1038- 39.......... 28,333 96,380 133,725 139,273 141, 914 130,20-1 128,748 108, 936 95,474 82, 687 74, 861 64,178
1939- 40_____ 81, 334 149,372 166,289 161,987 151, 015 141, 986 132,842 119,001 110,761 105,401 105,112 97,714
1930- 31........... 11, 028
1931- 32........... 7, 525
1932- 33........... 10,657
1933- 34................. 28, 430
1034-36...........
1935- 30..........
1936- 37_____
1937- 38_____
1938- 39.........-
1939- 40.......-
14,947
4,650
7,341
27,973
62,709
68,482
2,060
4,277
6,175
23,081
27,541
7,332
9,803
20,537
65,053
50,106
4,466
8,185
26.262
46, 045
38,202
17,190
12,664
39,633
70,640
43,752
7,667
14,440
30,164
62,644
45,861
17, 383
14,176
38,855
68,946
34,497
6,948
15,080
41,092
50,889
42,307
20,127
18, 528
36,808
69,424
28,002
5,117
13,901
39,000
47,489
40,575
22,167
22,093
36,161
66,314
21,852
7,561
11,323
43,227
43,745
39,704
10,097
22,032
31,058
S7,343
14,818
7,050
0,607
40,704
39,202
34,727
13,337
20,903
38,789
46,257
10,642
6,168
4,310
21,749
34, 568
24,726
8,175
16,117
48, 618
38,312
7,491
7,023
6,264
23,674
30,880
25,410
8,363
11.144
08,274
45,504
6,637
4, 316
7,425
16,004
23.145
25,354
9,006
14,739
57, 764
61,373
5, 655
4, 537
6, 384
10,489
14,192
28,119
July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June
23,369
8,838
31,463
1,082
6,825
5,695
9,102
8, 021
12, 627
35, 589
22,732
7,525
38,804
3,359
0,837
5,561
25,844
15,013
27,273
46,193
20,344
25,002
51,861
22,102
20,597
14,681
32,928
17,372
28,895
50,846
26,271
41,215
50,073
28,593
22,026
16,104
33, 266
18,180
20,084
49,800
24,246
46, 701
48,639
27, 111
22,609
14,552
WHEAT
OATS
30,504
18,161
27,484
48, 755
23.570
45,320
42.571
25,073
17,676
13,199
30,896
16,810
26,443
47,229
23,384
42,863
36,372
25,827
16,919
12,054
26, 770
17, 096
26,406
45,177
22,332
41,893
31,066
25,077
15,545
. 8,070
23, 029
17,938
25,831
42,399
10,720
40,770
25,807
23,822
14,640
7,867
18,213
15,706
24,195
38,190
16,666
38,205
18,378
21,141
12,001
7,539
13,930
13,621
21,878
33,013
11,686
35,500
11,785
15,547
10,312
6,451
9,681
11,839
23,959
26,237
11,003
31,043
6,648
8,983
6,784
4,619
Source: Dept, of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Sorvico; annual report, Agricultural Statistics.

g r a i n r e c e ip t s 7 3 5
No. 7 1 7 .— Wheat, Corn, and Oats— R eceipts at P rimary M aekets, by
Chop Yeahs: 1931 to 1939
f Allflgures in thousands of bushels. Humber of pounds to a b u sh el: Wheat, 60; corn, 56; oats, 32]
YEAR
BEGINNING—
T o ta l, Total,
13 mark
e ts 1
10 markets
Ohioago
St.
Louis
WHEAT
M ilwaukee
Minneapolis
Duluth
Detroit
Kansas
City
Peoria Omaha Indianapolis
July 1:
1931 ............. 300,192 313, 522 41, 059 17, 591 54,048 21,818 37,357 1,424 107,202 2,296 25,681 5,046
1032 .............. 270,760 241,358 13,102 2, 628 73, 238 53,906 17,9S9 1,425 60,113 1,710 13,156 4,021
1033................ 201,402 180,459 13. 735 2, 980 49,447 37,580 17, 70S 1,173 38.887 1,389 13.259 4.211
1934................ 158,372 142,320 22,854 3, 742 37,887 17,037 14,825 891 28,165 1,539 10,721 4,659
1935 2.............. 232,071 205,520 22, 559 4,138 67,356 20,070 16,355 (2) 53,798 1,434 15,109 4,707
19309............. 218,155 184,705 24,095 3, 623 38, 299 11,100 16,340 (2) 65,006 2,379 19,900 3,948
1937 2........ 329,933 290,455 39, 412 8, 534 53, 244 33,146 25,170 t o 102,390 2,245 22.541 3,762
1938 2............. 384,2Q3 340,420 29,403 3, 878 84,800 67,573 23,290 09 110,541 2, 047 24,57.1 3,717
1939 2 ............ 339, 804 308,029 26,352 4,480 105,331 £8,506 24, 590 65,436 2,280 15,428 5, G14
CORN
Nov. 1:
1931................ 140,210 138,520 68,937 7, 448 6,443 427 14,324 220 7,820 12,244 5,902 14,940
1932................ 237,498 222, 520 89, 578 15, 825 14,804 8,914 20,982 300 16,030 17,562 16,269 21, 266
1933................ 210,560 194,003 64, Oil 10,190 19,432 5,502 14,504 503 25.620 10,340 20,565 17, 231
1934 ............. 98,050 93,280 26,124 5, 067 3, 311 123 10,308 117 17,003 13,400 4,622 13,145
1935 2.............. 193,162 182,403 59, 270 6, 729 11, 666 2,754 10,254 « 19, 548 20,197 19,008 24,074
1030 a.............. 141,142 135,047 58,858 3, 424 5,180 406 18,147 to 8,972 15,989 11,655 12,406
1037 2.............. 351,030 338,727 138,432 13,463 33,845 30,293 36,827 (a) 14,445 27,950 22.055 21,417
1938 2.............. 216,547 207,074 86, 091 6, 955 17, 302 14,364 13,461 11,405 22,110 13,558 21,219
OATS
Aug. 1:
1931 ............. 67,437 62, 312 25,370 2, 653 7,117 1,003 5,717 747 2,058 3,380 1,708 12,553
1932................ 100,580 94,590 25, 586 3, 318 23,977 7,432 7,892 073 2,476 3,601] 4, 111 15,464
1933................ 64, 093 60,208 17, 031 4, 498 li, iao 7.620 5. 230 027 1,723 3,448 1,267 7,004
1934—............. 39, 927 35, 534 10. 622 2,157 7,275 1,092 4,958 540 1,868 774 2,483 3,105
1935 2.............. 128,229 120,100 28, 080 1, 992 38, 972 17,240 8, 599 0 5,264 3, 585 10,303 5,555
1930 2.............. 58,587 61,767 16,189 512 9, 534 1,163 7,277 m 2,296 2,227 7,114 5,445
1937 2 ____ 98,302 63,259 27,138 1, OSS 23,110 14.015 4,970 m 3,584 4, 322 5,003 9,360
1038 2.............. 89,572 83,549 26,078 957 20,720 14,369 3.711 (2) 2,922 2,806 5,274 6,722
1939 2............. 75,458 70,909 17, 349 641 25,920 11,591 4,155 M 1,250 3,781 2,762 3,520
1Includes Sioux City, St. Joseph, and Wichita in addition to markets shown.
3Detroit discontinued; totals m first and second columns are for 12 and 9 markets, respectively.
Source': Dept, of Agriculture, Bur. of Agricultural Economics. Compiled from Chicago Daily Trade
Bulletin and the annual reports of the Chicago Board of Trade.
No. 7 1 8 .— Geain R eceived at Six Atlantic P oets, b y Port and by Kind:
1910 to 1939
N ora.—Data are for calendar years. Total receipts by ports Include flour and meal reduoed to grain
equivalent. Receipts at New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore include shipments from
theW est to foreign countries through these ports on through bills of lading, Receipts at Baltimore Include
flour ground by city millers, and therefore duplicate an equivalent quantity of wheat received in grain
1910 1920 1925 1930 1935 1933 1939
TOTALS nY PORTS
1,000 bus. 1,000 bus. 1,000 bus. 1,000 bus. 1,000 bus. 1,000 bus. 1.000 bus.
New York, total.......................... 93,320 145,534 180,162 120,883 59,492 52,006 67,233
By canal via river................... 10,108 4,189 32,767 39, 707 16,021 12,352 6,830
Coastwise and river________ 410 5,060 9 462 »8,489 1577 ‘ 680
By rail...................................... 82,742 135.429 156,386 80,124 34,982 40,007 . 50,823
Boston.......................................... 22,402 13,009 11,911 7,018 9,579 5.120 8,838
Philadelphia................................ 28,736 45,148 55,933 13,529 14,351 12.283 17,740
Baltimore..................................... 32,272 74,260 35,652 17,003 11,267 12,669 24,264
New Orleans...............-.............. 10,213 72,976 32,039 24, 630 9,181 40,146 15,70S
Montreal, Canada....................... 44,178 67,044 179,959 110,676 82,332 115,342 87,020
COMMODITY
Flour.........................1,000 bbls._ 16,841 17,016 23, SOI, 24,201 13,176 15, 481 15, 073
Corn meal......................... do___ 1,039 77 75 80 142 30 35
Wheat....................... 1,000 bus.. 62,944 220,296 238,631 167,771 08,654 76.853 94,776
Corn...................................do----- 42,193 17,910 13,220 4,829 25,497 02, 230 29,709
Oats................................... do----- 47,181 34, 629 70,401 10,265 17,072 9,784 7,610
Barley............................ --do___ 3,929 16,600 45.191 0,086 7,254 15, 951 13,879
Rye.................................--do___ 934 61,742 23,709 2,245 7,866 3,816 2,901
Total grain........................do___
Flour and meal 2_ ............do___
157,181
79,940
341,183
76,878
397,152
107,404
191,180
106,651
126,343
59,859
168, 643
69,813
148,875
72,018
G r a n d to ta l................... d o . . . . 237,122 418,061 604, 556 300, 837 188,202 238,456 220,393
i Excludes coastwise shipments of flour from Pacific and Gulf ports; no reports on that movement.
! Grain equivalent.
Source: Now York Produce Exchange.

7 3 6 FARM CROPS AND FOODSTUFFS
No. 7 1 9 .— G r a i n P r i c e s — A v e r a g e M a r k e t P r i c e s , b y K in d , b y M a r k e t :
1909 t o 1939
[Weighted, average market price per bushel of reported cash sales]
YEARLY
AVERAGE
No. 1,
OR CROP
YEAR BE­
Dark
Northern
GINNING—
Spring,
Minneapolis
Wheat,
July-June
No. 2,
Hard
Winter,
Kansas
City
No. 2,
Red
Winter,
Chicago
Corn,
Nov.-Oct.
No. 3,
Yellow,
Chicago
No. 3,
Yellow,
Kausas
City
Oats,
Aug.-July
No. 3,
White,
Chicago
No. 3,
White,
Minneapolis
Barloy,
Aug.~
July
No. 2,
M inneapolis
Rye,
July-
June
No. 2,
M inneapolis
Flaxseed,
Aug.-
July ‘
No. 1,
Minneapolis
ICafir,
Nov.-
Oct.»
No. 2,
White,
K ansas
City
1909-1013- a $0.99 $0.95 $0.99 $0.61 $0.00 $0.40 $0.38 $0.64 $0.70 $1.91 $1.34
1914-1920- 31.90 1.70 1.83 1.15 1.12 .60 .68 1,02 1.43 3.03 2.17
1921-1025.. 1.44 1.27 1.33 .79 .78 .42 .38 .05 .87 2.47 1.52
1926-1930.. 1.26 1.16 1.26 .85 .79 .44 .42 4.65 .88 2.32 1.31
1931-1935.. .93 .78 .78 .57 .57 .31 .32 4.66 .57 1.61 1.05
1926....... 1.51 1.36 1.38 .87 .88 .43 .42 .71 .08 2.25 1.20
1927_____ 1.41 1.35 1.40 1.01 .85 .55 .50 .84 1.04 2.21 1.46
1928.......... 1.26 1.12 1.38 .92 .85 .44 .41 .65 .95 2. 29 1,38
1929.......... 1.30 1.20 1.30 .83 .80 .44 .42 «. 59 .90 3.11 1. 53
1930........__ .82 .76 .86 .60 .55 .35 .33 fi.47 .51 1.76 .98
1931........... .71 .47 .52 .36 .37 .22 .24 «. 48 .42 1.30 .60
1932........... .01 .51 .53 . 35j .38 .22 .22 «. 39 .41 1.18 . 78
1933.......... .91 .88 .94 .52 .47 .30 .35 \ 70 .09 1.87 .90
1934........... 1.16 .98 .98 .86 .91 .40 .52 o 1.05 .81 1,90 1. 50
1935........... 1.26 1.05 .92 .75 .72 .30 .28 •, 08 .50 1.73 1.30
1936........... 1.47 1. 21 1.12 1.18 1.19 .46 .45 0 1.20 .97 2.14 1.57
1937.......... 1.28 1.11 1.20 .56 .55 .30 .20 o. 78 .74 2.07 .85
1938.......... .79 .70 .70 .49 .48 .28 .27 a. 58 .44 1.78 .82
1939.......... .97 .74 .76 m (’) .37 .33 a. 55 .80 1.65 < n
i Average closing prico through December 1020. * Price per 100 pounds. 3 No. i Northern Spring.

FREIGHT -BATES— GRAIN-MILL PRODUCTS 7 3 7
No. 7 2 1 .— F r e i g h t R a t e s o n W h e a t F r o m B u f f a l o a n d C h ic a g o t o N e w
Y o r k: 1902 to 1939
[In cents per bushel]
CALENDAR
YEAR
Buffalo
to New
York by
canal
CHICAGO TO NEW YORK
By lake
and
canal
By lake
and rail
By all
ra il1
CALENDAR
YEAR
B u ffa lo
t o N e w
Y o r k b y
c a n a l
CHICAGO TO NEV r YORK
B y la k e
a n d
can al
B y la k e
a n d ra il
B y all
r a il t
1902.................... 3.73 5.25 5 .78 10.60
1903— ............ 4.03 5.44 6 .1 7 11.33
1904.................... 3.14 4.71 5 .0 2 11.11
1905...... ............. 3.87 5.51 6 .4 4 10.20
190(1— ............ 4.24 5.94 6 .4 8 30.50
190?_________ 5.07 6.68 6 .9 3 11.30
1008................. 5. 00 6.00 6 .33 11.70
1909— ............ 3.90 5.35 0 .88 11.70
1910................... 4. 08 5.13 0.57 0 .00
1011................... 4. 30 5.35 5 .23 9.09
1912................... 4. 32 5. 57 0 .17 9. 00
1913-................ 4. 57 5. 74 7.01 9 .00
1014................... 4. 27 5.31 6. 54 9 .00
1918................. .. 4.47 0.08 7 .48 10.08
1 0 1 0 --.............. 8.00 7.95 9. 55 10. 08
1917.................. 5.50 8.72 9 ,00 10.08
1918................... 0.80 12. 53 12. 27 12.00
1919 ________ 8. 31 10. 94 11.60 14.70
1920................... 11.05 14. 70 15. 32 10.68
1921.................... 8 .3 9 10.29 10.91 20.10
1022.................... 8 .0 0 11.63 11.93 19.65
1 9 2 3 ................. 5 .8 6 10.94 12.43 18.00
1 9 2 4 .................. 8 .73 8.67 10.92 18.00
1925.................... 5 .7 0 7.21 10.89 18.00
1920__________ 4 .9 9 8.08 12.04 18.00
1927........ ........... fl. 27 7.16 11.14 . 18.00
1028-................. 5 .06 8. 40 11. 36 18.00
1929.................... 4. 52 6. 37 10.42 IS. 00
1930.................... 4. 76 6.41 10.80 18.00
1931.................... 3.63 5. 52 10.00 18.00
1932.................... 2. 88 4.63 8.76 18.00
1933.................... 2. 23 4.19 7.86 18.00
1934.................... 3. 41 5. 50 7.90 • 14.70
1935.................... 2 .16 4.72 7.62 14.70
1038............... - 2.10 4.44 7.75 14.70
1937................... 2. 87 4.82 7.75 14.70
1938.................... 3. 62 6.02 9.15 3 15.00
1030.................... 3. 23 5. 73 8.15 15.60
1Rates represent wheat for domestic consumption, lower rates applying on grain for export. The rate
on grain for oxport was 18.00 cents for 1032,13.31 for 1933 to 1088, and 10.50 for 1030.
2 Rato for July 1 to Doc. 31. Rate for Jan. 1 to June 30 was 18 cents.
3 Bate Mar. 28 to Dec. 81.. Rate for Jan. 1 to Mar. 27 was 14.70.
Source: Buffalo to New York, State of New York, Department of Public "Works, Division of Canals
and Waterways; Chicago to New York, New York Produce Exchange. 1*3
No. 7 2 2 .— G r a i n - M i l l P r o d u c t s — G r a i n s G r o u n d a n d F l o u r , F e e d , E tc .,
P r o d u c e d : 1929 t o 1937
N o t e .— N o c o m p a r a b le figures are available fo r 1933
COMMODITY 1929 1931 1935 1937
Grains, ground: i
W heat............................................ 546.242 620,098 470,533 485,869
Corn................................................ 87,453 68,902 48,650 48,012
Oats............................................... 20,006 11,963 9,713 10,676
Eye................................................. 9,671 8,107 7,747 6,807
Barley............................................ 0,499 5,002 6,247 5,777
Buckwheat..................................... 2,027 1,310 828 840
Other and mixed grains................ 1,030 1,870 3,131 3,335
Flour, feed, etc., production:1
Quantity:
Wheat flour3........................... 120,004 115,410 102,327 105,274
Eye flour.................................... 1,670 1,568 1,509 1,424
Buckwheat flour..................... 38,453 31,092 25,198 26,550
Othor flour.................................. 338,006 59,243 78 543 75 311
Corn meal.................................... ---- 1,000 barrels 10,488 8,676 7,222 6,950
Bran and middlings.................... 4,682 4,565 4,103 4,184
Focd, screenings, etc................... 2,472 1,549 1 368 1,597
Value................................................ 1,040,185 596,761 837,180 820,248
Wheat flour................................. 737,300 450,855 664 568 617,025
Eye flour..................................... 9,179 5,336 5,914 6,703
Buckwheat flour......................... 1,570 961 657 844
Othor flour.................................. 3,002 1,098 2,256 2,605
Corn meal .................................... 52,400 27,358 31,268 32,642
Bran and middlings................... 141,985 73,670 91,497 116,434
Feed, screenings, etc.................. 93,840 30,482 41,022 52,931
1Grains ground relate to the "Flour and other grain-mill products” industry only; production statistics
include data for all industries making these products, except as noted.
! Weight of bushel: Wheat, 00 pounds; corn and rye, 56; buckwheat and barloy, 48; oats, 32.
3 Includes prepared flour made in the “Flour and other grain-mill products'* industry only. For prepared
flour made in all industries, see under "Cereal preparations,” table 723.
1100 pounds. 5 200 pounds. 0 2,000 pounds.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of the Census; reports of Bionnial Census of Manufactures.

7 3 8 FARM CROPS AND FO O D ST U FFS
No 723.— S e l e c t e d F o o d s , P r o c e s s e d a n d M a n u f a c t u r e d , b y Q u a n t i t y
a n d V a l u e : 1933, 1935, a n d 1937 __________ ____________
MATERIAL AND PRODUCT
QUANTITY (THOUSANDS OP UNIT
SPECIFIED)
1033 1935 1937
VALUE (THOUSANDS OP
DOLLARS)
1933 1935 1937
CANNING AND PRESERVING
C a n n e d a n d p r o c e s s e d v e g e ­
ta b l e s , f r u its , a n d s e a f o o d s ,
a ll i n d u s t r i e s 1................. ............ 459,070 872,477
C a n n e d a n d d r i e d f r u its a n d
v e g e ta b le s , c a n n e d a n d
b o ttle d j u i c e s , e tc ., a ll i n ­
d u s t r i e s 1_____ . _______... 420,369 817, 369
Canned vegetables and soups__.
Asparagus...........................
Beans other than baked___
Beans, baked, with pork,
with sauce, etc.................
Beets.................................. .
Carrots..............__...............
C orn...................................
Hominy...............................
Kraut 3.................................
Peas....................................
Pumpkin and squash..........
Spaghetti............................
Spinach.............................. .
Tomatoe§........................... .
Tomato juice and cocktail..
Tomato paste......................
Tomato pulp and pur6e3...
Tomato sauce—..................
Tomato ketchup3...............
Vegetable puree (for Infants)...............................
Vegetables, mixed...............
Canned soups 7...................
All other.............................
Canned fruits and canned and
bottled juices..................... .
Apples_______________ _
Apple sauce.........................
Apricots..............................
Berries............................... .
Cherries.................. ............
Fruit cocktail and salad..
Grapefruit sections............ .
Olives, ripe *........................
Peaches............................
Pears.................................
Prunes.................................
Fruit juices, canned and
bottled *.......................
Grape.............................. .
Grapefruit........................
' Orange..............................
Other........ ..................... .
Other canned fruits, etc__
Dried fruits 11............................ .
Apples................................ .
Apricots..............................
Figs......................................
Peaches................................
Prunes.................................
Haisins....... ....................... .
All other..............................
Ketchup in bulk1*..................
Kraut, in bulk i*_..................
Preserves,jams, jellies, etc. ...
Olives, bottled and in bulk A
Pickles...................................
Prepared mustard..................
Salad dressings..................... .
Sauces...................................
All other products..................
Fish, oysters, etc....................
Canned fish, oysters, etc.13—.
Clams..................................
Mackerel....... ....................
Oysters...............................
Salmon..............................
Sardines............................. .
Shrimps...............................
Tuna and tunalike fish___
All other..............................
Cured fish..............................
F’pr footnotes, see next page*
C a s e
. . d o A .
. . d o . 2. .
. . . d o . 2. .
. . . d o , 2. .
. . d o , 2. .
. . d o .* ..
..doA .
. . d o A .
. . d o , 2. .
. . . d o . 2. .
. . . d o A .
. d o A
.doA.
. d o . 2..
. d u A .
..d o .* ..
..d o A .
- d o A .
..d o .* ..
- d o A .
. d o A .
C a se
- d o 2_.
- d o . 2
. . d o . 2.,
- d o . 2,
- d o A .
- d o . 2.
—d o .2.
- d o A
- d o . * .
. . d o A .
. d o . 2.
- d o A
.d o A
. d o , 2.
- d o .2.
P o u n d __
— d o ..
— d o .,
.—d o ..
— d o ..
— do...
— d o ..
— d o ..
C a s e
—d o .A .
—do.A.
. d o J s._
.-d O .M -
- d o .17„
..do.*8..
2,064
9,110
16,460
1,234
554
10,200
1.170
3,345
13,292
1,753
3,168
2,540
15,900
4.171
(0
(0 1.867
CD
(0 586
10,584
5,123
2, 554
(0
2r 489
w 2, 554
2, 242
2,280
433
10,487
4,853
810
M
(<
(

M A N U F A C T U R E S -—FOOD IN D U S T R IE S 7 3 9
N o. 7 2 3 . — S e l e c t e d F o o d s , P r o c e s s e d a n d M a n u f a c t u r e d , b y Q u a n t i t y
a n d V a l u e : 1933, 1935, a n d 1937— C ontinued
MATERIAL AND PRODUCT
Unit
QUANTITY (THOUSANDS OP UNIT
SPECIFIED)
1033
1936
1937
VALUE (THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
1933
1935
1037
CEREAL PREPARATIONS
Cereal preparations, prepared
flour, etc., all industries
Breakfast foods........................
Made from wheat................
Made from oats...............
Mado from corn...................
Other.....................................
Prepared flour 20......................
Com grits....... ........................
All other31..............................
COEN SIRUP, CORN SUGAR, CORN
OIL, AND STARCH
Corn sirup, corn oil, starch, etc.,
all industries 1......................
Cornstarch...............................
Corn sirup (inol. mixtures)...
Corn sugar...........................
Corn oil................ -.............
All other..............................
BEET SUGAR
Beets treated...................
All products, total value..
Sugar.............................
Molasses.......................
Pulp..............................
All other.......................
Pound.
..do— .
..do__
do.
.do..
.do..
Pound.
_.do__
..do—
-do..
Ton ”...
Ton 1
...do-
...do..
CANE-SUGAR REPINING
Raw sugar treated................. Ton « ...
All produots, total value........
Refinery products..............
Refined sugar................... Ton ”__
Sirup...................................... Gallon..
Refiners’ blackstrap______ _do-----
Miscl. sugar products_____
AH other products_________
CHOCOLATE AND COCOA PRODUCTS
Chocolate, cocoa, etc., all industries
1....... ..............................
Chocolate, except coatings___
Chocolate coatings...................
Chocolate sirups..............
Cocoa...................... —
Cocoa butter.......................
Other chocolate products..
Pound.
...d o__
Gallon.
Pound.
...do___
333, 218
642, 683
236, 983
(♦)
910, 480
960,252
1,066,363
826,024
128,505
(IB)
1, 686
175
2,014
(IP)
3,038
3,692
10,609
173,404
230,462
1,812
119,435
29,900
396,067
528,935
184,340
42,196
785,788
750,281
997,178
351,085
137,009
7,745
1,186
88
1,546
4, 308
4,210
2,887
22,306
272,197
295,321
3,744
126,449
41,827
446,495
505,890
238,338
55, 749
888, 514
515,295
930,047
1,113, 780
407, 651
103, 380
8,440
1, 296
94
1,821
4, 723
4,610
2,735
23,380
204,030
295,894
5,305
130,940
23,484
108, 066
76,202
83,968
19,019
17, 286
5, 929
29,700
2,163
83,471
27,132
24,308
18,020
8,401
5,005
127,133
121,171
877
4,219
865
337,076
337,075
334,441
559
842
1,234
67,116
28,710
22,470
1,291
10,440
3,290
909
142,039
99,344
45, 538
26, 386
18, 793
8, 627
35,443
7, 251
60,033
26, 638
31, 253
10,976
14, 007
6,470
95,160
89,103
797
4,185
1,074
377,214
376,349
372,690
599
1,321
1,739
865
93,260
43,936
29,505
3,406
10,241
5,315
856
167,250
112,068
52,412
25,246
24,959
9, 451
38,056
12,476
4, 650
113, 548
35, 672
36,098
15,692
16, 573
8,612
107,396
99,991
1,070
5,049
1, 285
424,631
422,310
417,746
547
1,309
2,619
2,321
102,943
41,674
38,426
5,341
11,750
4,738
1,013
1 Includes, besides amounts produced in industry primarily engaged in making these products, data for
similar products made in establishments classified in other industries.
* Actual number of cases of all sizes. 3 See also product In bulk, below.
4 No comparable data or not reported separately.
>Tomato pulp was also produced in bulk, valued at $372,000 for 1935 and $144,000 for 1937. No 1933 data.
3 For 1033 and 1935, figures for ketchup in bulk include those for ketchup under “Canned vegetables and
soups.”
1Not including soups made in Poultry Dressing and Packing and M eat Packing industries.
8 See also “ Olives bottled and in bulk,” below.
• Fruit juices were also produced in bulk. D ata for 1937 (included in “ All other products”) follow: Total,
4,161,000 gallons, $2,406,000; grape, 1,673,000 gallons, $774,000; grapefruit, 219,000 gallons, $60,000; orange,
B59,000 gallons, $437,000; other juices, 1,509,000 gallons, $1,135,000.
Includes product in bulk, not reported separately.
it Includes production on large fruit farms but not on other farms and ranches.
19 See also under canned goods, above. 13 D ata for 1033 and 1937 compiled by Bureau of Fisheries.
h 48 5-ounce cans. 15 481-pound oans 18100 H-pound cans.
u 48 594-ounce cans for wet pack and 48 5-ounce cans for dry pack. 18 48 94-pound cans. 19 No data.
80 Includes that made in Flour and Other Grain-Mill Products industry, as follows; 1933, 534,240,000
pounds, $14,231,000; 1935,498,890,000 pounds, $18,130,000; 1937, 673,443,000 pounds, $19,803,000.
” Including coflee substitutes. 53 Of 2,000 pounds.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.

2 9 . F O R E S T S A N D F O R E S T P R O D U C T S
[Data, in this section relate to continental United States only except those for national forests which include
Alaska and Puerto Rico, or Puerto Rico, as indicated]
No. 724=.— F o r e s t s — A r e a , S a w - T i m b e r S t a n d , a n d A n n u a l G r o w t h
E s t i m a t e s , b y R e g i o n s : 1938 •
REGION
Total
forest
land
(thousand
acres)
Total
area
COMMERCIAL FOREST AREA (THOUSAND ACRES)
Total
Saw-timber area
Old
growth growth
Second
Cordwood
area
Fair to
satisiaetory
restocking
area
Poor to
nonre­
stock­
ing
area
Total.............................................. 630,108 461,697 212,982 100,892 112,030 100,791 71,308 76,738
Northeastern *........................................
Central >..................................................
L ake3......................................................
South *.....................................................
Columbia River B asin2.......................
California6................................. -..........
South Rocky Mountain 7.....................
Plains2....................................................
62,148
29,328
55,634
210,609
99,514
48,159
102, 576
22,190
59,376
29, 231
52,395
202,531
73,842
13,656
30,053
14
21,154
9,680
7,123
96,694
44,106
11,417
22,683
5
8, 002
367
3,586
25,128
37,206
8,653
17,889
1
13,152
9,313
3, 537
71, 560
6,900
2,764
4,794
4
15, 301
8, 600
10,831
47,001
11,967
148
5,859
4
14, 702
5, 204
13, 442
29,114
8, 523
155
161
5
8,159
5,687
20,999
28,762
9,246
1,935
1,950
ANNUAL GROWTH OF WOOD ON COMMERCIAL
FOREST AREAS
REGION
s ta n d o f s a w t im b e r
(MILLIONS OF BOARD FEET)
Combined saw-timber
and cordwood growth
(millions of cubic
feet)
S a w - tim b e r growth
(millions of board
feet)
Total
Total
Softwoods
Hardwoods
Softwoods
Total
H ardwoods
Softwoods
H ardwoods
Total........................ 1, 763,651 1, 493,180 270,531 11,287 5,934 5,353 32, 033 01,168 10, 866
Northeastern L ...............
C entral2............................
L ake3................................
South *...........................
Columbia River Basin A
California6.......................
South Rocky M ountain7
Plains *..............................
84,026
14,301
57, G16
386,570
882,632
213,480
124,092
35
41, 056
369
20,881
214,032
877,676
213,480
124,991
35
42,969
13,932
36,735
171,938
4,956
1
1,260
568
979
0,495
1,634
155
196
328
20
248
3,390
1,597
155
196
932
548
731
3,105
37
2, 625
978
1, 850
20,403
5, 247
414
510
1,142
21
013
13,310
5,152
414
516
1,483
957
1, 237
7,093
95
• Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Now Jersey, New York,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. ' '
2 Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, and Ohio.
3 Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.

FORESTS 741
No. 7 2 5 .— St a n d o f S a w T im b e r ( E s t im a t e d ), b t R e g io n a n d
W o o d : 1938
[Quantity in millions of board feet]
K in d o f
KIND OP WOOD
Total
N ortheastern
Lake South bia
R iver
C olum ­
Basin
California
South
Rocky
M ountain
Plains
1,763,651 84,025 14,301 57.616 386, 570 882,632 213,480 124,992 35
Southern yellow p in e ....
Eastern hardwoods, to tal...
Oak............
Birch, beech, and maple.
276,938
196,840
24, 080
18,101
17,552
11, 554
8,805
265, 574
83, 700
5 5 ,178
27,837
20,403
0,595
8,035
60,820
41f 050
597
20, 284
11,920
6,137
2, U 8
42, 969
5, 831
29, 528
71
369
184
7
13
146
10
13, 932
7, 551
2, 523
359
45
20,881 214, 632
190, 059
3,452 350
5,232 942
9,222 2,180
11,408
2,975 3,093
36,735 171,938
5, 298 65,020
20,317 2,810
27, 407
20, 358
9, 191
1,095
Cottonwood and aspen..
221 183
2, 042 172 4,126
45,457
Western softwoods, total___ 1,216,182
877,676
5,276 3, 099 6,994
489,905
224,904
121,737
115,551
02,821
426,464
129,462
72,908
115,551
26,664
39,150
Western hardwoods, total..
38,620
25,306
24,684
18,333
55,171
4,957
12,043
25,306
4,895
18,333
46,050
4 ,9 5 6
213,480
61,400
64,461
40,740
39,150
19,789
124,961
12,041
40,956
8,089
30,157
26,577
7,950 1,171
1
36
35
Source: D epartm ent of Agriculture, Forest Service; rocords (not published elsewhere).
N o. 726*— N a t io n a l F o r e s t A r e a s , b y St a t e s a n d f o r A l a s k a a n d P u e r t o
R ic o : J u n e 30, 1939
N ote.—T he area of State forests, State paries, and State forest p a rts , together w ith th at of Hawaiian forest
reserves, as of December 1938, am ounted to 11,714,379 acres. T h e area of town, county, and community
forests and p arts, as of same date, was 2,100,003 acres, including 1,740,000 aores of county forests located
in Wisconsin
AREA WITHIN ESTABLISHED
BOUNDARIES
AREA WITHIN ESTABLISHED
BOUNDARIES
STATE OR OUT­
LYING AREA
Alabama______
Alaska........
Arizona...............
Arkansas..........
California........ —
Colorado.............
Florida................
Georiga.......... . . .
.Idaho..................
Illinois................
Indiana...........
Iowa...................
Kentucky..........-
Louisiana...........
Maine.................
Maryland...........
Massachusetts...
Michigan............
Minnesota.........-
Mississippi.........
Missouri______
Total
acreage1
Acreage
not Federally
owned or
In process
of acquisition
Acreage
under
Federal
adm inistration
1
STATE OR OUT-
LYING AREA
Total-------- 228,788,966 176,494,066 M ontana.
Nebraska.
2,435,901
20,897,221
12,158,002
3,498,701
25,045,900
15,208,021
1,624,509
1,661,322
21,476,923
797,317
781,462
218,446
1,393,521
877,066
878,032
4,318
1,051
5,095,081
5,041,770
2,879,917
3,321, 513
1,853,743
53,184
705,571
1,373,906
5,571,130
1,529,643
322,302
1,046,421
1,548,624
612,778
747,460
218,346
972,238
375,816
830,174
3,342
3,214,033
2,622,291
1,925,108
2, 153, 930
582,158
2 0 ,844,037
11,452,491
% 124,795
1 9 ,474,770
1 3 ,678,378
1 ,3 0 2 ,2 0 7
614,901
1 9 ,928,209
184,539
3 4 ,0 0 2
100
421,283
501,260
4 7 ,8 5 8
970
1,661
1 ,8 8 1 ,0 4 8
2 ,4 1 9 ,4 7 9
954,749
1,167,683
N evada.................
N ew H am pshire.
New M exico.......
N orth C arolina..
N orth D a k o ta ...
Ohio___________
Oklahoma______
Oregon............ . . .
Pennsylvania___
Puerto R ico____
South C arolina..
South D a k o ta ...
Tennessee............
Texas......... ...........
U t a h ..;................
V erm ont...............
V irginia................
W ashington........
W est V irg in ia...
W isconsin............
W yom ing.............
Total
acreage1
18,958,079
207,209
5,247,078
806,322
10,236,085
3,688,128
764,441
1,466,103
344,269
17,516,938
746,703
186,155
1,422,604
1,383,838
1,204,000
1,714,374
8,911,578
580,520
4,123,663
11,021,872
1,836,140
2,016,602
9 ,204,522
i Including small Federally owned areas outside established boundaries.
Source: D epartm ent of Agriculture, Forest Service; report on N ational Forest Areas.
Acreage
not Federally
owned or
in process
of acquisi-
tion
2,736,213
1,183
258,382
142,184
1,374,488
2,660, 728
763, 921
1,427,349
190,137
3,544,787
306,832
161,119
882,484
295,198
667,786
1,070,248
1,157,917
419,981
2,757,579
1,634,692
936,666
674,106
545,820
Acreage
under
Federal
administration
i
16,221,800
206,026
4,988, 696
664,138
8,861, 597
927, 398
520
38,754
154,132
13,972,151
430,871
25.036
540,120
1,088,640
536,214
644,126
7,753,661
160,539
1,306,084
9 ,387,180
899,474
1,342,587
8,658,7 0 2

7 4 2 FOBEStTS A N D f o r e s t p r o d u c t s
No. 7 2 7 . — N a t i o n a l - F o r e s t R e s e r v a t i o n s — L a n d P u r c h a s e s , b y S t a t e s
a n d f o r P u e r t o R i c o , t o J u n e 30, 1939
[Under act of M ar. 1 ,1911, as amended by act of June 7,19211
STATE OK OUTLYING
area
Gross
area
(acres)
TOTAL NET AREA APPROVED
FOR PURCHASE
Acres
Average
price
Total
price
Acres
PURCHASED
Average
price
T otal
price
U napproved
purchaseable
area
(acres)
Total................... 51, 918, 028 17,259,845 83.75 864,673,462 16,389, 751 $3.74 $01,260,435 24,048,078
A labam a.............. ....... 2.293,813 470,193 3.66 1,719,677 444,639 3.67 1, 631, 450 1,364,022
A rkansas..................... 3,365,286 1,074,989 2.72 2,928,979 1,022,581 2.70 2,763,442 962,313
California................ 978,512 121,763 6.66 811,316 114,674 5.46 626,630 683,749
F lorida............... ......... I , 282,949 728,734 3.08 .2,247,283 677,304 3.07 2,080,449 165,828
Georgia................ 1,839,500 573,942 4.90 2,813, m 532,950 4.

FOREST FIRES 743
N o. 7 2 9 .— F o r e s t F ir e s — N u m b e r , A r e a , a n d D a m a g e : 1931 t o 1939
Note.—Data were compiled from reports by National Forest Supervisors and from those of cooperating
States. Figures for unprotected area are based on partial information only from incomplete reports;
reliable data are not available for years prior to organized protection. Figures for fires in national parks
were excluded prior to 1931, and for those on Indian reservations, prior to 1932
YEAH
Forest
area
needing
protection
(1,000
acres)
Forest
area
protected
(1,000
acres)
Forest
area
unprotected
(1 ,0 0 0
acres)
N U M B ER OF FIRES
On protected
area
On unprotected
area
a r e a b u r n e d
(1 ,0 0 0 ACRES)
On protected
laud
On unprotected
land
DAM AGE 1
(1,000 DOZ.LAHS)
On protected
area
On unprotected
area
1931........................... 524,660 331,609 192,901 02,171 125,010 6,400 45,200 17,018 50,069
1032........................... 523,866 329,095 194,771 60, 500 105,899 3,052 38,410 7,879 45,581
1033........................... 533,579 340,302 193,187 53,287 87,435 3,723 40,167 17,318 42,967
1934....................... 550,755 361,175 180,280 69,318 93,315 4,173 37,648 8,100 37,273
1935........................... 559,498 371,780 184,718 62, 564 77, 743 2, 539 27,797 4,251 28,329
1936........................... 501,107 386,105 175, 002 84, 853 Hi. 432 4, 217 38,971 14,007 40,005
1937........................... 558,773 306,824 161,949 03,700 121,449 1,344 20,637 2,488 18,203
1938--......*............... 558, 558 411,184 144.374 86,199 146,030 2,939 30,876 8,087 28,801
1939........................... 585,422 433,266 152,166 98,033 114,638 3,789 26,660 10,243 2 8 ,8 8 8
1This table does not take into account the vast amount of intangible and indirect damage resulting from
forest fires, such as decay of damaged timber, replacements of desirable speoies of trees by less desirable but
more fire-resistant ones, soil deterioration and erosion, loss o f wild life, uncertain stream flow, interrupted
tourist traffic, and the like. i
N o , 7 3 0 .— F o r e s t F ir e s — N u m b e r , A r e a B u r n e d , a n d D a m a g e, b y C a u s e ,
in P r o t e c t e d A r e a s : 1931 t o 1939
YEAR
C am p­
ers
Lightning
Railroads
Smokers
Lum ­
bering
Debris
burning
Incendiary
Miscellaneous
U n­
known
N um ber of fires:
1931...................... 3,784 2, 966 6,287 14,579 7,454 15,472 1,082 6,260 5,204
1932...................... 3,390 2,383 4,060 15,638 7,682 16,110 683 6,337 4,299
1033...................... 3,347 2,182 4,098 11,707 0,859 12,097 801 5,920 3,267
1034...................... 6,229 3,070 4,695 15,806 9.632 17,515 902 5,929 5,640
1935...................... 6,317 2,599 4,223 14,990 7,387 16,461 1,200 5,827 4,550
1930...................... 6,915 3, 862 4,514 20,236 12,205 22,654 1,778 7,157 5.542
1937...................... 7,244 2,822 3,435 15,666 0, 563 13,718 1,350 4,964 4,092
1 9 3 8 ................. 7,445 3,214 6,153 25,053 11,141 22, Old 1,405 6,541 3,628
1030............... 9,129 4,072 8,034 24,764 13, 640 22,635 1,867 8,966 4,026
Area burned (acres);
1031'.................... 221,160 141,580 390,830 927,620 644,010 2.224,570 146,900 1,002,420 072,350
1032'.................... 29,460 60,190 413.310 654,530 423,680 1,493,700 60,280 304,500 270,150
1933 1____ _____ 36,630 79,040 253,150 574,430 383,850 995,240 326,440 685,790 229,110
1931».................... 401,500 133,160 162.420 608,000 837,410 1.446,000 118,720 380,300 222.700
1936...................... 50,666 70,680 128.860 349,270 280.060 1,054,400 80,720 320,060 180,470
1936...................... 171,880 131.190 163,890 646,660 059,700 1,586,750 205,060 309,130 352.610
1937...................... 31,860 42, 670 50.350 239,110 235,880 478,070 50,300 97,080 112, 570
1938................... . 244,910 57, 040 140,210 625,940 372,070 047,870 120,250 272,780 150,300
1939...................... 167,310 78,360 •206,000 785,440 471,820 1,300, 280 310,710 319,370 149,080
Damage (dollars):
m i 1.................... 1,6 5 0 ,3 1 0 7 0 9 ,2 6 0 825, 190 1 ,9 3 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,2 4 3 ,0 6 0 4, 780, 410 888,690 3,185,010 1,237,420
1932 1.................... 41,270 156, 230 784,180 1,794,700 912,360 2.082,140 87,910 537,220 988.670
1933 1............ ....... 68,240 216. 520 388,900 888,500 686,940 3.138,280 10,505,210 840,550 388,710
1 9 3 4 1.................. 453,350 280,080 322. 550 2,186; 230 970,760 2.053, 370 320,080 770,660 482,880
1935 1.................... 71,100 175,050 174. 070 598,060 353,030 1,303,050 225,060 880,940 423,830
1936 1................... 547,446 325, 730 291. 630 1,140,470 1,088,840 4.534.740 1,351,990 888,820 8 0 4 ,7 9 0
1937 *.................... 09,210 88.020 107,100 381,460 365,440 033.890 211,920 183.350 367.130
1938'................... 1, 240,800 177,490 252,480 1, 400,370 1,035,400 1,514, 620 426,130 1,601,880 254,110
1939'.................. 926,480 265,160 669, 510 1,828,980 962,140 2,755,500 1.676,420 701,010 376,820
i Because of incompleteness of reports, sums of figures for areas burned and for damage, b y causer, for
years covered by this note ere less than total areas burned and total damage, as given in tables 720 and 731.
See also note 1, table 729.
Source of tables 729 and 730: Department of Agriculture, forest Service; annual fire report.

7 4 4 FORESTS AND FOREST PRODUCTS
N o. 7 3 1 .— F o r e s t F ir e s — Ar e a B u r n e d , b y T y p e , a n d D a m a g e , b y K i n d , in
P r o t e c t e d A r e a s : 1933 t o 1939
AREA BURNED (acres)
P R O D U C T I V E F O R E S T
N O N P R O D U C T I V E A R E A
Y E A R
M ature
or m e r ­
c h a n t ­
a b l e
Young
growth
Total
Protective
Forest
Other
N o protective
or forest
value
Total
G r a n d
total
1 9 3 3 .................................... 8 1 6 , 5 6 0 1 , 0 3 7 , 0 8 0 2 , 7 5 3 , 6 4 0 7 1 , 4 6 0 6 2 6 , 7 1 0 2 7 1 , n o 9 6 9 , 2 8 0 3 , 7 2 2 , 9 2 0
1 9 3 4 ............................................. 8 7 4 , 7 7 0 2 . 0 4 4 , 6 6 0 2 , 9 1 9 , 4 3 0 8 8 2 0 3 6 4 , 2 9 0 2 5 3 , 6 1 0 4 , 1 7 3 , 0 4 0
9 , 3 1 ,
1 9 3 5 ............................................. 4 0 3 , 1 1 0 1 , 5 2 3 , 8 3 0 2 , 0 1 6 , 9 4 0 3 1 1 , 0 0 0 2 1 1 , 1 1 0 5 2 2 , 1 7 0 2 . 6 3 9 . 1 1 0
1 0 3 6 ....................................... 7 7 9 , 6 4 0 2 , 9 3 6 , 0 9 0 1 , 0 3 1 , 1 1 0 2 4 9 , 7 3 0 1 , 2 8 0 , 8 4 0 4 , 2 1 6 , 9 3 0
2 , 1 5 6 , 4 6 0
1 9 3 7 ............................................. 2 6 6 , 3 7 0 8 8 3 , 2 8 0 1 , 1 4 9 , 6 3 0 1 2 3 , 5 8 0 7 0 , 6 8 0 1 9 4 , 2 6 0 1, 3 4 3 , 8 9 0
1 9 3 8 ....................................... 5 5 6 , 8 5 0 1 , 7 1 8 , 9 4 0 2 , 2 7 5 , 7 9 0 4 6 0 , 3 2 0 2 0 2 , 7 6 0 6 6 3 , 0 8 0 2 , 9 3 8 , 8 7 0
1 9 3 9 ....................................... 0 6 1 , 9 7 0 2 , 1 5 7 , H O 2 , 8 1 9 , 0 8 0 7 4 5 , 6 1 0 2 2 3 , 8 8 0 9 6 9 , 4 0 0 3 , 7 8 8 , 5 7 0
DAMAGE ! (dollars)
YEAR
Tim ber
Young
growth
Forage Other Total
Protective
area
G r a n d
total
1033....................................
1934___
1936....................................
1930....... ............................
1037__________________
1938 .....................
1939 ...................
12,189,020
2,747,460
1,012,640
5,251,580
664,600
2,434,570
4,018,080
3,295,840
3, 992.190
1,830,680
3,875,010
1,131,300
2,309,280
3,475,170
146,600
164,850
118,300
413,900
80,290
166,220
248,350
1,287,000
1,334,540
989,090
3,474,690
451,430
2,686,900
1,738,820
16,919,360
7.239.030
3,950,510
13,015,180
2,327,520
7.597.030
9,480,420
399,080
861,320
300,230
1,051,770
138,620
489,970
762,590
17,318,440
8,100,350
4,250,740
14,000,050
2,406,140
8,087,000
10,243,010
1 See footnote 1, table 720.
Source: Departm ent of Agriculture, Forest Service; annual fire report.
N o . 7 8 2 .— T im b e r R e m o v e d A n n u a l l y F r o m C o m m e r c ia l F o r e s t s
N ote.—F igures are estimates for 1938
PRODUCT AND DAMAGE
U nit of
measuro
Quantity
in
thousands
Total
volume removed
1
(M cubic
feet)
e q u iv a l e n t i n l u m b e r w h ic h
COULD HAVE KEEN SAWED FROM
TOTAL VOLUME REMOVED (M
BOARD FEET) 8
Total
Softwood
Hardwood
Aggregate.
1 3 , 4 6 2 , 7 6 8
4 7 , 8 0 7 , 6 7 7
3 6 , 1 7 3 , 8 6 2
1 2 , 6 3 3 , 8 1 5
Produots, total___ ,___ —
Lumber.................. - .............
Fuelwood............................—
Ties, hewn............................
Fence posts............................
Pulpwood..........................—
Mine timbers (round)...........
Veneer logs............................
Slack staves.......................—.
Slack heading-.......................
Slack hoops................... ........
Logs and bolts in mfrs..........
Tight staves...........................
Tight heading............... ........
Shingles.................................
Export logs and hewn timbers.
Poles.............................. ........
Distillation and tanning
extract wood.
Piling.................................... .
Excelsior wood-___ ______
Damage, total---------------------
Foot.b.m.s.
C o rd --
P ie c e -.
-do— .
C ord~-
Ou. f t..
Foot 1. s__
Piece__
Set..........
Piece__
F oot 1. s.
Piece__
Set____
Square *__
Foot 1. s__
Piece.
Cord-
Piece.
Cord.
* 27,070,071
65,673
30,173
333,537
7,383
128,038
070,089
439,070
35,002
51,818
456,172
220,325
15,259
6,052
823,021
3,679
1,075
1,117
157
11,400,007
5,367,585
3,619,482
354, 180
327,060
705,924
101,016
252,443
47,474
20,998
3,687
124,399
56,913
20,375
108,058
66,815
56,946
60,025
29,898
15,220
2,062,749
42,443, 374
27, 702, 415
6.400, 401
1.401, 753
628,576
2,252,147
151,102
1,100,415
217,069
104,740
16,110
506,663
260,020
97,501
492,500
353,054
219,743
181,637
127,840
39,702
5,864,303
30,407, 283
22, 016,083
3 ,1 2 1 , 7 0 7
885, 4 0 1
252,354
2,107,802
77,693
412,733
103,527
88,723
129
59,868
100,076
41,148
489, 271
330,800
205,203
200
100,255
14,100
4,766,679
12,036, 001
5,686,332
3,278, 634
606, 292
376,222
144, 345
73, 409
777, 082
113, 542
16,017
14, 987
446,705
109,844
56,353
3,319
23,154
14,450
181,437
27, 685
25,692
697,724
Destroyed by lire.................-
Destroyed b y disease, insects,
drought, wind, etc.
861,608
1,201,141
1,390,373
3,973,930
1,195,790
3,570,783
194, 577
403.147
* Includes both saw tim ber and oordwood trees. The cubic foot volumes include the tops and limbs, b u t
not the bark. Detailed data for cordwood trees are omitted from this table.
3 Includes only timber of saw timber size. Lum ber items include allowances for logging waste w hich
m ight have been utilized. <
* L um ber tally measure,
* This Item increased to account for the probable cut of mills failing to report to the census.
* A square is considered equivalent to 800 pieces.
Sourco: Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; records (not published elsewhere). Based In part
upon forest products statistics of the Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.

L tT M B E K 7 4 5
No. 733.-— L u m b e r — P r o d u c t i o n , b y K i n d o f W o o d , a n d A v e r a g e M i l l
V a l u e
N o t e .—For 1 8 8 9 ,1 9 1 4 ,1 9 2 1 ,1 9 2 3 ,1 9 2 5 , and 1927 custom mills ore excluded and beginning w i t h 1911 for each
year except 1919 mills cutting less than 50,000 board feet aro excluded. Custom mills are much less important
in recent years than formerly
[Quantities in millions of board feet; average mill value per 1,000 board feet]
y e a h
(CALENDAR)
Total
PRODUCTION
Hardwood
Softw
o o d
Average
mill
value
YEAR
(CALENDAR)
Total
PRODUCTION
Hardw
ood
Softw
o o d
Average
mill
value
1869.
1879.
1889.
1809.
1000.
1914.
1915.
1916.
1917.
1918.
1919.
1920.
1921.
1922.
1923.
12,756 (0 1924...................... 35,931 29,400 $28.57
18.002 1924 38i 33D R l ’ 7 10 ft 2
23,842 $11.41 1026 afij pan an, 460 27.34
1135; 078 8,034 20, WO 11.13 1927...................... 34,632 Q, 090 28; 442 25.80
44,510 10,613 33,807 16.38
1928...................... 34,142 5,797 28,346 25.61
37.340 7,930 29,407 (') 1929........ ............. 30,880 7,073 29,813 26.94
37,012 7,627 29,485 14.04 1930........ ............. 20,051 4,729 21,323 22.81
30,807 8,476 31,332 15.32 1031...................... 16,523 2,671 13,852 18.56
35,831 6,657 20,174 20.32 1032...................... 10,161 1,406 8 ,740 15.12
3L89Q 0,223 25,007 24.79 1933...................... 13,061 2,062 11,899 18.56
34, 652 7,145 27,407 30. 21 1934...................... 15,404 2,768 12,735 21.47
33,70S 6; 989 26,810 38.42 1935___________ 19.530 3,201 10,248 20.43
20,061 4,775 22,180 23.47 1936____ ______ 24,355 4,113 20,242 22.20
31.509 4,025 20.644 26.16 1937...................... 25,997 4,408 21,589 24.25
37,100 6,262 30,004 31.78 1938___ _______ 21,646 3,353 18,293 21.46
KIND OF WOOD
PRODUCTION
1899 1909 1919 1929 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938
Softwood, total______ 26,146 33,807 27/407 29,813 11,899 12,736 10,218 20,242 21, 689 IB. 293
109 08 38 3 7 15 10 18 13
Cedar...................... 233 346 332 309 111 140 181 238 257 222
Cypress................... 490 956 056 532 168 179 326 441 429 408
Douglas fir_______ 1,737 4,866 5,902 8,089 3,909 4,060 4,772 6,321 6. 555 5,216
Hemlock.__............ 3,421 3,051 1,755 2,099 416 478 578 813 802 678
Larch....................... 51 421 388 245 48 79 98 124 141 84
24 16 31 12 19 18 as 75 76
Ponderosa pine....... 045 1,600 1,766 3,288 1,600 1,806 2,628 2,07? 3, 308 2,734
Redwood................ 360 522 410 480 164 282 329 403 436 317
Spruce.,.-.............. 1 ,4 4 2 1,740 980 564 198 259 2 8 9 348 370 200
Sugar nine.............. 54 07 134 340 85 110 193 285 319 267
White fir................. 89 223 307 67 81 107 no 86
W h i t e n i n e ........... 7, 742 3, B00 1,724 1,248 532 750 854 098 1 ,0 1 2 805
Yellow pine___ _ 9,669 10,277 13,063 11,630 4,446 4,473 5,900 7,113 7,091 7,196
9
Hardwood, total.__ 8,634 10,613 7,146 7,073 2,062 2,768 3,291 4,113
3,353
Alder______ ____; (J) (3) 24 24 21 33 31 16
Ash........... ............... 269 291 155 152 54 70 90 94 00 78
Basswood________ 308 309 184 133 37 52 72 80 91 78
Beech 511 359 187 44 72 04 07
B iro h . 133 462 375 374 81 120 106 184 204 160
Chestnut........ ........ 207 664 646 268 50 79 87 104 104 78
6^
CD
g
Cottonwood______ 415 266 144 166 108 100 08 137 146 140
Elm......... ........... 467 347 104 176 33 40 67 80 81 64
Hickory.......... ........ 97 334 170 57 11 13 22 29 35 24
Magnolia................ (3) 2 42 21 22 25 26
Mania 033 1,107 857 824 221 311 401 49(1 625 380
Oak..___________ 4,438 4,414 2,708 2,574 698 1,083 1,196 1,535 1,682 1,204
Red gum________ 285 707 851 1,104 386 303 482 666 578 454
Sycamore.............. 30 67 28 • 58 11 14 19 27 32 28
Tuneln 97 144 307 123 126 109
W alnut__________ 30 40 89 72 22 21 23 30 43 25
Yellow poplar____ 1,1.16 859 329 486 111 103 182 200 299 221
Other hardwood__ 209 62 59 120 26 30 42 53 61 67
1Data are not available.
8 Includes 298,000,000 board feet of lumber not reported by kind of wood.
3 Less than 500,000 board feet were reported.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (in cooperation with Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service); reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures; alternating with Biennial Census
reports, a series of reports for even-numbered years.
2 (1 7 7 0 6 ° — 41-------- 4 9

7 4 6 FORESTS AND FOREST PRODUCTS'
N o . 7 3 4 .— L u m b e r — P r o d u c t io n , b y R e g io n s a n d S t a t e s : 1889 t o 1938
tin millions of board feet. See headnote, table 733]
REGION AND STATE 1889 1899 1009 1919 1920 1935 1930 1937 1938
United States__________
Northeastern States...........
Maine................................
New Hampshire.................
Vermont..............................
Massachusetts..................._
Connecticut____________
Rhode Island......................
New York.................... .......
Now Jersey.........................
Pennsylvania____ ______
Maryland...........................
Delaware.............................
Central States.
Ohio.................................
Indiana_______________
Illinois.......................... .....
Missouri___ ___________
West Virginia__________
Kentucky.............. .............
Tennessee...........................
Southern States
Georgia________________
Florida___ _____ ______
Alabama........................ —
Mississippi_______-_____
Arkansas.............................
Louisiana............................
Texas........... ......................
Oklahoma.................... ......
North Carolina Pine States...
Virginia...................... ........
North Carolina...................
South Carolina__________
Lake States___ ___________
Michigan............... .............
Minnesota
■Wisconsin.
Paoifio States. .. .................
Washineton
Oregon................................
California and Nevada—...
Kookv Mountain States
Montana___ _________
Idaho..............................
Arizona
New Mexico
Colorado..............................
U tah....................................
Wyoming___ ... ... .
All other____ ____________
Iowa______________ .. __
Kansas________ _ ..
Nebraska______________
North Dakota
South Dakota...............
PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION
United Staten
Northeastern States
Central States.
Southern States.........
North Carolina Pine States—
Lake States....................... „
Pacific States_____
Rocky Mountain States
All other....................... ...
23,842 86,078 44,610 34,662 86, 886 19,588 24,355 26, 997 21,646
4.726
597
277
384
212
49
8
925
34
2.133
82
23
8,180
565
755
222
402
302
423
460
8,718
575
412
589
454
538
304
843
3
1,129
416
515
199
8,251
4,300
1,084
2,860
2,028
1,064
446
l 518
249
90
28
5
26
80
14
6
612
571
4
9
7
21
100.0
19.8
13.1
15.6
4.7
34.6
8.5
1.1
2.6
5,709
785
572
376
344
108
19
878
74
2,333
184
36
5,643
990
1,037
388
724
778
775
951
8,404
1,312
790
1,101
1, 206
1, 624
1, 115
1, 232
22
2,712
959
1, 287
466
8, 750
3, 018
2, 342
3, 389
2, 901
1,429
735
738
556
256
65
36
31
134
18
17
401
352
11
5
2
32
100.0
1 6.3
16. 1
2 4 .0
7 .7
2 4.9
8 .3
1 .6
1 .1
5,197
1,112
650
352
361
168
25
681
62
1,463
268
65
5,487
543
556
170
660
1,473
861
1,224
14,790
1,342
1,202
1,691
2,573
2, 111
3,552
2,099
226
5.177
2,102
2.178
898
5,476
1,890
1,562
2,025
6,905
3,863
1,899
i 1,144
1,292
309
040
63
92
142
13
29
3179
132
} 16
31
100.0
1 L 7
12.3
33.3
11.6
12.3
15.5
2.9
.4
2,584
• 596
339
218
167
87
11
358
37
630
113
27
3,016
280
282
65
321
703
512
792
12,704
894
1,137
1,709
2,390
1,772
3,164
1,380
168
3,874
1,098
1,654
622
2,692
876
700
1,116
8,818
4,961
2,577
1,280
1.299
287
765
74
87
65
12
9
65
18
3
43
100.0
7.5
8.7
36.8
9.8
7.8
25.6
3.7
1, 232
268
102
120
72
30
7
160
16
314
56
10
2.347
176
170
38
228
633
330
764
12,484
1,386
1,137
2,069
2,660
1.348
2,232
1,452
200
2,979
708
1,202
1,068
1,771
671
357
843
14,149
7,302
4,784
2,063
1,843
389
1,020
175
148
72
5
26
81
>20
(*)
61
100.0
3.3
6.4
33.8
8.1
4.8
38.4
.2
5 .0
.2
760
217
127
73
56
8
i
69
8
158
22
7
1,005
83
86
19
64
253
164
337
6,170
714
610
952
1,102
856
1,065
744
126
1,659
442
685
532
808
333
108
367
7,953
3,453
3,145
1,356
1,149
234
609
100
126
48
9
23
45
3
5
38
100.0
3 .8
5.1
31.6
8.5
4 .1
4 0.8
5.9
.2
880
232
161
82
57
9
4
97
12
188
32
6
1,258
101
100
25
81
336
195
421
7, 527
872
816
1,153
1,261
1.077
1,250
942
157
2,001
507
797
638
988
405
123
409
10,297
4,572
4.077
1,648
1, 408
295
724
123
141
72
10
42
46
4
8
34
100.0
3 .6
5 .2
3 0 .9
8 .2
3 .8
4 2.3
5 .8
.2
1 Dalifornia only; for WOB N e v a d a included with "All other.” > Includes Nevada
* Includes Kansas and Nebraska. * Included with Iowa.
930
237
157
90
57
10
3
110
16
195
43
6
1,292
112
102
27
71
353
191
436
7, 949
865
796
1, 326
1, 220
1,090
1,362
1,126
159
2,843
617
1,156
570
1, 005
464
122
419
10, 840
4, 713
4, 352
1 1, 776
1, 577
336
797
123
164
84
15
68
60
6
10
44
100.0
809
218
135
92
54
10
3
97
9
148
37
8
863
79
73
16
53
217
138
287
6,889
805
624
1,212
1,190
935
946
1,028
148
2,470
512
1,371
588
775
307
96
372
8,601
3,349
3,791
1,402
onfhlS5'sir5.epf Ii lno? t; ? f Commerce, .Bureau.of the Census (in cooperation with Department of Agrim
n S h ' * s“ vice): reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures; alternating with Biennial Census
reports, a series of reports for even-numbered years.
3 .6
5 .0
3 0 .6
9 .0
3 .9
4 1.7
6 .1
.2
1,202
222
571
118
125
85
13
68
37
5
5
27
100.0
3.7
4.0
31.8
11.4
3.0
30.7
5.6
.2

FOREST PRODUCTS 747
No. 735.— L u m b e r — A v e r a g e M i l l V a l u e p e r 1,000 B o a r d F e e t
KIND o r WOOD 1899 1909 1919 1829 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1138
All kinds i_____ $11.13 $15. 38 $30.21 £26,94 $16.12 $18.55 £21.47 £20. 43 $22.20 $24.25 $21.45
Softwoods___________ (?) 14.08 28.39 24.31 13.94 16.94 20.05 19.08 21.03 22, 87 20.42
Balsam fir.............. m 13.99 32.23 25.49 19.32 10.79 20.27 22.03 23.65 21.82 20.72
Cedar..................... 10.91 19.95 33.80 34.83 24.55 25.91 27.94 29.33 33.33 37.00 36.41
Cypress.................. 13,32 20.46 38.38 35.29 24.62 26.30 30,73 20. 51 34.00 36.79 35.14
Douglas fir............. 8.07 12.44 24. 62 20.05 10,61 13.57 16.14 15.97 17.07 19.67 17.29
Hemlock................ 9.98 13.95 29.16 18.00 12.89 14.27 17.70 18.53 18.85 20. 58 18.00
Laroh..................... 8.73 12.68 23.39 18.35 10.70 13:34 16.07 16.90 15.00 17.23 10.06
Lodgepole pine___ « 16.25 29. 98 17.97 12.45 10.23 16.54 18.27 17.22 16.34 16.85
Ponderosa pine___ 0.70 15.39 27. 75 20.47 16.88 18.57 20.61 20.40 21.88 24.53 22.22
Redwood................ 10.12 14.80 30. 04 31.00 24.33 26.29 SO. 03 29.77 35.01 36.30 86.73
Spruce.................... 11.27 16.91 30.76 28.64 17.73 18.80 21.75 22.09 23.92 26.78 23.72
Sugar pine.............. 12.30 18.14 35.99 43.08 20.26 27.95 27. 64 30.03 31.83 34,71 30.16
White flr................ w 13.10 25. B0 20.03 12.23 15.30 15.15 10.17 16.25 18,95, 18.22
White p in e ..,—— 12.00 18.16 32.83 29.87 21.58 21.45 23.75 26.06 26.28 29.20 26.77
Yellow pine........... 8.46 12.69 28-71 26.60 13.82 17.91 21. 64 18.24 20.76 22.18 19.01
Hardwoods i___ (») 19.62 37.22 38.04 22.45 27.81 28.01 27. 09 27.92 30.49 27.09
Alder....... ............... W 15.03 34.67 27.18 17.60 17.99 19. ia 10.28 21.00 23.07 25.41
Ash......................... 15.84 24.44 62.69 48.14 28.74 33.23 39.26 30.02 32.42 37.11 34.30
B assw ood....____ 12,84 19.50 40.03 39.88 23.81 29.19 30.78 32.06 33.70 35.65 32.78
Beech..................... (!) 13.25 20.98 28.39 17.97 22.75 22.93 23.05 23,51 25.08 22.33
Birch...................... 12. SO ia. os 35.79 39.35 20.26 29.02 30.68 31.02 34.48 36.11 34.72
Chestnut............... 13.37 16.12 32.30 29. 61 17.87 23.01 23.63 21.99 22.95 24.87 19.88
Cottonwood........... 10.37 18.05 32. 24 20.70 16.49 22.18 20.68 20.62 10.22 25.24 22.05
Elm ........................ n . 47 17.52 30.39 35. 28 10,07 23.09 24.09 25.03 24.48 25.48 23.84
Hickory.................. 18.78 30.80 44.37 40, 33 29.85 26.27 27.02 31.41 33.80 32.12 28.17
Magnolia................ (!) 15.00 28. 01 38.11 19.84 27.13 27.60 24.27 26.71 29.02 20.67
Maple..................... 11.83 15.77 36.50 35.93 22.82 30.51 30.84 30.60 31.67 24.14 32.34
Oak......................... 13.78 20.50 37.87 38.48 22.84 28.53 27.54 27.15 27.46 29.60 25.41
Red gum................ 9.63 13.20 32.68 34. 42 16.84 23.01 24.70 22.33 23.85 26.63 22.43
Sycamore............... 11.04 14,87 80.32 30.07 18.71 22.78 21.62 22.80 24.00 22.75 21.42
Tupelo................... (!) 11.87 28.42 25. 30 17.40 22.01 22.70 19.65 21.21 23.31 20.24
W alnut.................. 36.40 43.70 72.13 119.15 5 7 .8 7 77.01 86.60 75.64 74.64 86.10 71.26
Yellow poplar____ 14.03 25.39 41.05 41. 06 26.02 29.91 30.01 28.05 27.78 31.60 25.75
' Includes some hardwoods not shown separately.
1 D ata are not available.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, (in cooperation with Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service); reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures; alternating with Biennial Census reports,
a series of reports for even-numbered years.
N o . 7 3 6 .— V e n e e r s — W o o d C o n s u m e d in M a n u f a c t u r e : 1931 t o 1937
NOTE.—In thousands of feet, log scale. Total wood consumed for all years for which data are available
not shown in table, follow (figures in thousands of feet, log scale): 1905,181,140 (compiled by the Forest
Service, Department of Agriculture); 1906,329,180; 1907, 384,523; 1908, 332,542; 1009, 435,081; 1010, 477,479;
1011, 444,886; 1910, 576,681; 1021, 400,388; 1923, 645,703; 1925, 734,090; 1027, 901,66111929, 1,112,910
STATE 1931 1933 1936 1937 HIND o r WOOD 1931 1933 1935 1937
Total.
Alabama—
Arkansas...
California..
Florida___
Georgia__
I n d ia n a -
Kentucky............
Louisiana—....... -
Michigan.............
Mississippi..........
New York_____
North Carolina—
Oregon-------------
South Carolina—
Tennessee.:_____
Texas_________
Vermont_______
Virginia_______
Washington-------
Wisconsin______
All other_______
696, 350 700,234 823,881 1,113,062
24,364
36,001
14,463
50,657
29,762
17,147
11,121
81, 030
11,316
43,798
18,723
62,266
23,078
28,194
15,642
7,918
32,314
135,370
21,160
64,161
26,918
24,998
16,651
67,097
34,911
14,182
10,281
22,868
0,786
48,318
16,336
51,216
32,816
24,627
17,743
22,980
7,686
34,122
159,290
10,573
47,305
25,151
27, 325
26,832
62, 667
38, 216
22,171
11, 111
24,596
14,657
40,667
14,858
66,116
41,510
46,179
14,643
10,100
11,386
32,309
201,477
19,229
54,681
35, 254
34, 296
36, 536
93, 032
69, 089
26, 053
17,156
27, 907
13,124
72, 526
20,401
74,722
53,043
50,464
24,399
30,452
18,243
38,974
289,943
33,317
60,823
Softwood, domestio____________
228,520 282,484 340,463 459,478
Douglas f lr...,
M
Ponaerosa pine~
Spruce______ 8
Yellow pine—
Other—
____
Hardwood— .........
Domestic_____
Beech..............
B irc h ...........
Cottonwood..
Elm------------
Maple______
Bed gum____
Tupelo______
W alnut_____
Yellow poplar.
Other_______
Im ported..
N ot specified.
101,293
0,200
40,304
BO, 128
17,585
8
201, 248
13,100
45,470
71,152
9,493
306,209
20,471
48,802
76,204
8,200
463,229 478,240 648,544
465,094 396,666 472, 501 637,192
14,130 10,961 6,612
23,213 23,859 32,229
43,707 38,851 54,081
20,937 13,195 16,064
24,563 26,279 39.039
201,207 221,766 213,854
59,116 64,514 170,438
8,524 10,293 16,514
38,161 36,088 52.040
22,056 26,705 36,521
7,53^ 3,027 5,739 11,362
4,601 18,067 5,173 5,632
'D ata by individual kind of wood not called for on sohedulo for 1933.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (in cooperation with Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service); reports of Biennial Census of'Manufactures.

7 4 8 FORESTS AND' FOREST PRODUCTS
N o . 7 3 7 .— L a t h a n d S h in g le s — P b o d tjc tio n , 1899 t o 1938, a n d b y S t a t e s ,
1935 t o 1938
N ote.—lath in thousands and shingles in squares. Shingles were reported in thousands prior to 1933
and were converted to squares on the basis of 800 shingles to the square
YEAR (CALENDAR) Lath Shingles YEAR (CALENDAR) Lath Shingles
1899.................................... 2,523,90S 15,327,521 1030..................................... 1,097,255
1909.................................... 3,703,105 18,634,214 1081........ ........ 614,250
1919.................................... 1,724,078 11,460,880 1032.................................... 406,089
1024.................................... 2,961,200 8,577,081 1933-.................................. 408,192
1025.................................... 3,161,137 9,166,034 1QR4
416,308
1926.................................. 3,083,130 7,510,433 1035..................................... 620,038
1027.................................... 2,372,333 8,054,836 1030..................................... 810,909
1928.................................... 1,903,887 7,004, 013 1937.................................... 830, 085
1929.................................. 1,706,858 7,638,340 1938..................................... 583,777
STATE
LATH
SHINGLES
4,955,138
3,392,465
2, 639,125
3,662,260
3,477,063
4, 416,709
5,901, 692
15, 649, 792
1 6,319,236
1935 1936 1937 1038 1935 1936 1037 1938
Alabama—............. 19,208 10,600 6,064 13,453 7,053 8,129 6,779 16,058
Arkansas.................... 9,297 8.833 9,909 10, 525 7,141 5,365 2,407 12, 804
California.................. 24,569 26,760 20,770 24,982 107,404 119,371 105, 342 82,192
Florida....................... 56,174 58,519 81,033 44,599 49, 447 21,719 31,276 25,000
Georgia............■......... 5, 640 880 1,097 1,374 17,153 10,057 11,427 24, 236
Idaho......................... 45,492 53,010 60, 737 30,907 25,658 25,009 34,205 35,644
Louisiana............... 12,G16 23,538 90,805 24,827 14,446 8,541 10,646 8,016
Maine.................... 12,323 38,796 48,643 19,662 55,957 84,888 105,107 73,661
Michigan................... 7,399 6,439 10,593 7,902 9, 111 26, 405 12,117 14, 802
Minnesota................. 18,270 16,621 14, 521 10,742 1, 220 1,168 300 1,877
Mississippi................ 32,233 32,051 15,640 15,730 3,686 72 25 255
M ontana.................... 10,416 13,481 16,849 11,845 45 4,170 4,388 4, 442
North Carolina.......... 2,852 2,234 2,500 2,771 20,947 16,382 16,907 50,857
Oregon................... 120, 340 102,052 101,002 130,163 452, 457 605, 283 i 551,856 737,187
South Carolina.......... 920 5,022 1,000 1,159 18,293 19, 525 8,040 15, 480
Texas......................... 16,898 27,442 27, QIQ 25,180 4, 690 6,665 5,506 17,841
Virginia..................... 6,740 14,330 9,701 9,227 05 22 5 ,804 13,352
Washington............... 159, 624 238,531 197,034 141,758 3, 556, 916 4, 727,184 14,690,233 >5,133,783
6,916 9,410 8,106 5,384
Wisconsin................. 18,620 19,875 19,665 16,547 61,417 201,902 31,548 37,905
All other.................. 26,622 42,170 35,717 28,980 3,603 9,705 6,075 12,824
* Includes data for shakes.
No. 738.— C o o p e r a g e S to c k — P r o d u c t i o n , b y K in d : 1909 t o 1937
N ote.*—Production of wooden hoops in 1923 was 153,964,000; in 1025, 149,167,000; in 1927,134,596,000; in
1929,133,054,000; in 1931, 94,311,000; in 1933, 61,161,000; in 1035, 51,818,000; and in 1937, 68,152,000, nearly
all elm
YEAR AND RIND
OP WOOD
1909..
1919..
1925..
1927..
1929..
1931..
1933..
1935..
1937.
Slack, total..
Softwood........
Hardwood__
Not specified..
STAVES (THOU­
SANDS)
Tight
Slack
379, 2312, 029,548
353,825 I) 121,324
240,023 937,597
324,127 961,782
357,353 1,039,460
204,624 537,177
154,575 426,585
221,619 439,070
205,286 674,768
1935
439,970
1937
574,788
207,912 306,812
232,058 263, 754
4,202
HEADING (THOU­
SAND SETS)
Tight
20,691
24,274
23,062
26,445
30,329
20,090
13,031
15,259
13,377
1935
35, 692
29,654
6,338
Slack
140,234
87,381
71,371
59,337
72,891
43,375
37,461
35,992
54.318
1937
54.318
49,716
4,526
76
CLASS AND RIND OP
WOOD
1935 1937
Staves (thousands)
Tight, total. 221,619 206,286
Oil, tierce, and pork.
Softwood..........
Hardwood........
Not specified...
Whisky, spirit, and
wine......... ...........
Softwood..........
Hardwood.......
Beer and ale, hardwood....................
Other and not
specified classes..
Softwood__
Hardwood..
Not specified...
83,503
7,305
75,711
; 487
60,887
29
60,868
3,407
73,762
60,979
10, 509
2,274
76,915
11,752
64,863
65,629
1,932
63,697
2, 615
60,127
80, 609
9, 208
310
1935 1937
Heading
(thous, sets)
16,259 13,377
4,865
452
4,360
53
4,371
1
4,370
4,241
617
3,604
20
2, 910
03
2,817
145 418
5,878
5,215
635
128
5,808
4,067
.812
29
Source of tables 737 and 738: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (in cooperation with
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service); reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures; alternating w ith
Bionnial Census reports, a series of reports for even-numbered years.

PULPWOOD AND WOOD PULP 749
No. 7 3 9 . — P ttlpwood- —C o n s u m p t io n b y M i l l s , a n d M i l l C o st
N ote.—Figures inolude both domestic and imported wood, The cost Is f. o. b. pulp mill
YEAR
Quantity,
all
species
(cords)
1399.... 1,086,310
1909.__ 4,001,007
1014___ 4,470,763
1919___ 5,477,8 3 2
1921___ i , 5 5 7 ,1 7 9
COST
9,838
34,478
39,408
87,386
91,580
Total
(1,000
dollars)
Average
per
cord
$4.95
8.62
8.81
15.95
20.10
YEA R
1923__
1925__
1927__
1929—.
1931__
Quantity,
all
species
(cordB)
5,872,870
6,093,821
6,760,935
7,645*011
0.722, 788
COST
96,300
94,840
95,452
100,054
73,524
Total
(1,000
dollars)
Average
per
cord
$10.23
15.48
14.14
13.09
10.94
Y EA R
Quantity,
all
species
(oords)
1933— 0, 581,074
1935— 7,028,274
1036— 8,715,910
1937— 10,303,800
1038— 9,103,991
COST
48,008
58,244
57,101
82,885
74,433
Total
(1,000
dollars)
Average
per
cord
$7.37
7.64
7.71
7,97
8.10
KIND OF WOOD
TOTAL CONSUMPTION (CORDS)
1919 1929 1934 1935 1936 1937 1933
Total...............................
Spruce;
Domestic_____________
Imported________ _____
Hemlock:
Domestic_____________
Imported--------------------
Yellow pine (southern)--------
Poplar:
Domestic_____________
Imported_____________
Balsam fir:
Domestic____________
Imported--------------------
Jack p in e1........................ —
Beech, birch, and m aplel—
Tamarack (larch) *________ _
Yellow poplar >________ ___
Gum *___________________
White flr i_ „ ..........................
Other wood.............................
Slabs and mill waste..............
5,477,832 7,645,011 6,796,859 7,628,274 8,716,910 10,393,800 9,193, 991
2,313,419
873,705
} 706,164
fl, 309,170
I 15,370
234,463 1,036,272
180,160
168,220
181,840
106,974
61,681
184, 111
44,042
72,006
30,356
31,138
44,894
176,081
2,074, 267
1,029,913
320,466
167,829
317,552
46,412
205,760
70,950
51,835
129,697
39,685
111,064
153,486
561,286
1,535,209
638,127
1,428,116
1,459,171
241,001
92,271
290,386
80,647
*218,116
83,000
12,267
73,402
(3) 98,106
1 303,111
236,4,4
1,756,112
626,462
1,621,271
1,785,228
333,773
64,283
298,812
54,313
*224,588
162,054
9,587
)
338,802
209,132
372,709
1,184,390
038,217
1,304,278
1,610,341
2,174,974
510,354
2,144,728
132, 521
m s
310,754
454,211
847, 317
177,870
170,748
133,188
427,024
199,342
260,788
165,093
334,369
836,059
686,892
1,033,500
1,337, 523
1,030,110
395,307
2,462,076
118,544
1Boginning 1914 includes screenings except data by process lor 1019.
>Not shown separately.
3 Includes data for California.
* Soda Includes somiohemiool pulp, combined to avoid disclosing production of individual establishments.
1 Includes data for a small quantity of low-grade wood pulp not reported by process.
Source of tables 739 and 740: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial Census
of Manufactures; alternating with Biennial Census reports, a series of reports for even-numbered years.

750 FORESTS AND FOREST PRODUCTS
N o. 7 4 1 .— P a p e r a n d P a p e r b o a r d — P r o d u c t i o n , b y K i n d : 1931 t o 1938
[Quantities in thousands of short tons (2,000 pounds); values in thousands of dollars]
PRODUCT
QUANTITY
VALUE
1931 1933 1935 19361 1931 193B1 1931 1933 1935 1931
Paper a n d p a p e r-
9,382 9,160 10,479 11,876 A2,837 11,831 681,106 621, 553 656,116 BS7,920
Btandard newsprint, in
1,203 928 948 938 3076 >832 03,654 32, 206 33,364 37,087
86 66 105 116 127 87 5,800 3,346 5,765 7,785
Poster, hovel, news-tablet,
186 166 89 (3) 92 (3) 9,624 8, 035 4,601 4,899
89 63 80 83 101 02 7,064 4, 250 5,777 7, 399
1,209 1,080 1,282
120,283
24 13 21 1,43?
26 1,521
21 1,337 83,244 112,60E 147,343
20 4, 372 2,104 3,71( 4,435
488 478 507 602 57£ 482 77,865 61, 33C 70,02C 87,272
1,402 1,440 1, 032 1,879 2,053 1,866 110,885 95, 768 127, 05£ 179, 735
Paperboard....................... 3,848 4,070 4,696 5,455 5,802 5,104 149,112 101,181 200,10? 277,340
395 407 473 495 540 649 45,041 37, 711 46,235 56, 914
77 80 95 106 138 120 14,774 12,082 15,91] 22,120
896 308 441 550 60S 570 IS, 120 12.687 19,450 32,030
31 95 110 288 277 315 4,601 7,009 10,922 23,962
i Value not reported. 3 Inoludes data for other special grades. a Inoluded with “All other.”
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures'
alternating with Biennial Census reports, a series of reports for even-numbered years,
N o. 7 4 2 .— T u r p e n t i n e a n d R o s in — P roduction, 1899 to 1940, and bt
S t a t e s , 1919 t o 1940
TEAR 1
TURPENTINE (GALLONS)
ROSIN (BARRELS OF 600 POUNDS)
T o ta l F ro m g u m 1 F ro m w ood1 Total F r o m g u m 1 F rom w ood i
1899_________________ ______
1904.................................................
1909.................................................
1914.......... ......................................
1919.................................................
1929- 30..........................................
1931- 32...........................
1932- 33...........................................
1933- 34..........................................
1934- 35..........................................
1935- 36_____________________
1030-37...........................................
1037-38..........................................
1938-39..........................................
1930- 40.........................................
37,733,500
31,129,236
* 20,714,132
« 27,648,939
19,228,174
35,040,124
27,499,514
28,756,550
31,238,050
30,154,650
30,145,4QG
31.726.000
35,010, 550
35.460.000
30,238,900
37,733,500
30,687,051
28,988,954
26,980,981
17,693, S41
31,320,871
24, 349,024
« 25,050,000
1126,300,000
»25, 500, 000
24,850,000
24,139,350
25, 922, 700
26,714,550
19,139,060
2,434,033
1,964,674
1,827,760
1 1,649,100
1,209,717
2,454, 186
1,904,307
2,073,330
2,207,337
2,229, 122
2,276,491
2,331,962
2,661, 006
2,612,391
44^, 185
700,868
575,557
I , 534,388
4,619,253
3,150,490
’ 3,706,550
’ 4,938,050
’ 4,054,850
6,295,400
7,686,650
9,093,850
8,746,350
I I , 099,850
2,293,971
2,434, 933
1,964,074
1,827,760
1,615,643
1,138,060
1,975, 631
1,670,885
« 1 ,7 0 3 , 400
« 1,788,000
• 1,734,000
« 1 ,701,187
> 1,607,934
1 1,735, 428
1 1,832,930
1 1,317,795
? r
(0 29,032
131,067
478,666
833, 612
369,930
609, 277
495,122
675,304
724,028
826,638
779,401
076,176
PRODUCTION FROM CRUDE GUM 1
STATE Turpentine (gallons) Rosin (barrels of 500 pounds)
1919 1929-30 1938-39 1939-40 1919 1929-30 1938-39« 1039-40*
Alabama_________ 2,037,005 1,993,410 2,236,600 1,434,850 120,839 123,708 149,649 95,890
Florida___________ 6.902,489 9,847,161 7,443,500 5,172,550 486,432 623,188 504,691 345,458
Georgia__________ 3,997,310 16,938,491 15,289,550 11,373,460 234,690 1,002,440 1,016,643 759,829
Mississippi________ 1,749,812 1,267,776 832,600 605,200 115,984 81,683 68,639 37,716
Louisiana________
Texas_____________ 1,886,231
900,404
}l, 032,900 193,050 163,600
/112,900
i 60,179
} 70,580 13,173 10,228
North Carolina____
South Carolina____
j 126,590 1,241,143 719,350 439,400 7,636 73,930 50,156 29,406
i Figures for turpentine and rosin from crude gum, 1929-30 to 1039-40, and from wood, for 1933-34 to
1039-40, relate to orop year ended Mar. 31. All other figures relate to calendar years.
* Figures oompiled from data reported by establishments in Turpentine and Rosin industry.
* Figures oompiled from data reported by establishments in Wood-Distillation industry.
* Not reported.
«Includes, for 1909 and 1914,18,310 gallons and 92,401 gallons, respectively, of turpentine and, for 1914,
4,498 barrels of rosin, reported by establishments engaged in manufacture of lumber and timber products.
* Estimated by J. E. Lockwood; complete data not available. Figures include estimates of rosin produced
from reclaimed gum, as follows: 1932-33, 33,400 barrels; 1933-34, 35,000; 1934-35, 34,000.
* Includes estimates by J. E. Lockwood for production of turpentine from steam-distilled wood.
* Inoludes data for rosin produoed from reclaimed gum; For 1935-36, 54,187 barrels; 1936-37,42,694:1937-
38 , 26,271; 1938-39, 30,979; 1939-40, 39,268.
« Figures do not include data for rosin produced from reclaimed gum. See notes 6 and 8.
Source: Figures for 1899 to 1932, Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennia!
Census of Manufactures. Figures for 1933 and subsequent years, Department of Agriculture, Bureau of
Agricultural Chemistry and Engineering; Naval Stores Report on Turpentine and Rosin.

30. FISHERIES
No. T43.—F ishery P roducts— Quantity and Value, by Sections and
States: 1880 to 1938
N ote.—Values In this table and tables 744 to 740 represent the value of the fish to the fishermen
N EW ENGLAND STATES
CALENDAR YEAR Total Maine New Hampshire
1,000 pounds 1,000 dollars 1,000 pounds 1,000 dollars 1,000 pounds 1,000 dollars
1880...................................... 12,503. 0 2, 742, 6 170.6
1002...................................... 534,075 12,406.3 242,300 2,918. 8 1,593 50.0
1908...................................... 530,029 15,139.0 173,843 3.257.0 677 53.0
1919...................................... 467,340 19,838.7 147,956 3, 889.0 529 92.7
1920...................................... 094, 286 29,072.5 102,939 4,897.2 378 52.1
1930...................................... 701,361 27,493. 5 143,824 4,329. 4 1,069 69.1
1932...................................... 480,521 14,001.3 00,802 2,413.3 744 57.7
1933...................................... 499,936 13,485.6 08,498 2,307.1 524 57.1
1935...................................... 655,430 17,083. 0 112, 219 3, 309.2 354 61.6
1937..................................... 670,864 19,937. 3 101,179 2,806.0 664 96.0
1938...................................... 631,520 18,275.2 67,207 2,520.9 796 100.1
Massachusetts Ehode Island Connecticut
1880...................................... 7,959. 8 696.8 933.2
1902...................................... 230, G40 6,482. 4 21,014 1.155.7 37,832 1,799.4
1908...................................... 244, 313 7,095. 0 44, 254 1,752.0 66,942 2,982.0
1919...................................... 246,951 10,859. 7 48, 251 3,296.6 23, 053 1, 700.6
1929...................................... 447, 689 IS, 052. 5 28,401 2, 435.3 54,879 3, 635.4
1930...................................... 442,474 16,289.1 25,972 2,287.3 88,012 4, 618.6
1932...................................... 347, 593 8,928. 3 20, 536 1,491.4 21,046 1,110.6
1933..................................... 373,670 9, 507. 0 17, 368 1,001.3 9,878 613.1
1936..................................... 603,417 12,147. 9 24, 524 1,247.9 14,916 1, 217.0
1937...................................... 534, 110 14,197. 5 18, 847 1,398.0 16,063 1,439.8
1938.................................... 537,851 13,169.4 13,820 1,055.6 11,839 1, 420.2
C A L E N D A R
M ID D LE A TLA N TIC STATES
Y E A R
Total New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware
1 8 8 0 . . ......................
1,000
pounds
4 0 8 , 2 0 2
1 9 0 1 ......................... 3 5 7 , 8 8 8
1,000
dollars
8 , 6 7 7 . 0
9 , 1 0 4 . 7
1,000
pounds
3 2 9 , 4 5 3
2 2 8 , 0 9 2
1,000
dollars
4 , 2 2 5 . 7
3', 8 9 4 . 3
1,000
pounds
0 5 , 1 6 1
1 1 7 , 9 3 1
1,000
dollars
3 , 1 7 6 . 6
4 , 7 5 5 . 6
1,000
pounds
1 9 0 8 . . . ................... 2 2 1 , 4 5 0 8 , 2 8 0 . 0 7 1 , 4 7 4 4 , 3 9 0 . 0 7 4 , 8 2 7 3 , 0 0 9 . 0 4 , 3 8 0 2 8 0 . 0 7 0 , 7 8 9 5 4 1 . 0
1 9 2 1 . . . .................... 3 3 2 , 9 3 2 1 1 , 6 6 7 . 4 2 1 0 , 3 7 7 4 . 9 8 6 . 9 9 6 , 9 3 7 5 , 9 8 3 . 4 6 9 5 4 4 . 6 2 5 , 0 2 3 6 5 2 . 4
loan 1 9 3 , 8 6 8 1 3 , 0 6 3 . 7 4 5 , 4 9 5 4 , 0 3 3 . 7 9 7 , 2 7 5 7 , 4 7 4 . 4 1 7 2 . 8 5 1 , 0 8 1 0 5 2 . 8
1G39. 1 4 1 , 2 2 1 4 . 6 5 4 . 0 6 4 , 8 6 6 2,3 3 3 . 3 7 2 , 5 9 5 2 , 2 1 7 . 8
3 2 1 . 7 3 , 7 2 0 1 0 1 . 1
1 9 3 3 ............................ 1 6 9 , 7 5 4 4 . 8 1 1 . 1 3 9 , 9 1 1 2 , 4 5 2 . 6 6 3 , 2 0 4 2 , 1 4 6 . 3
5 2 3 . 0 3 6 , 5 2 7 2 0 9 . 2
1 9 3 5 ............................ 2 7 9 , 4 3 8 6 , 4 1 5 . 7
8 4 , 9 3 9
3 , 1 3 5 . 4
1 0 7 , 8 0 2
1 9 3 7 ......................... 2 0 4 , 6 5 2 7 , 8 9 6 . 0 8 4 , 1 0 1 4 , 3 7 1 . 0 1 2 9 , 5 1 0
2 , 8 4 4 . 3
3 , 2 0 1 . 0
1 , 6 8 0
0 , 0 3 0
1,000
dollars
2 7 7 . 0
1,000
pounds
1 1 , 0 1 8
1,000
dollars
9 9 7 . 7
2 5 1 . 5 5 , 8 3 5 2 0 3 . 4
3 1 5 . 7 8 6 , 6 0 6 4 3 0 . 4
3 6 4 . 6 5 0 . 9 4 1 3 1 9 . 4
1 0 3 8 ............................ 2 1 6 , 8 5 9 8 , 2 4 9 . 2 9 1 , 2 1 7 5 , 1 9 2 . 8 1 0 8 , 0 9 5 2 , 0 0 8 . 3 4 0 4 . 3 1 7 , 5 0 7 1 4 3 . 9
CHESAPEAKE BAY STATES
CALENDAR YEAR Total Maryland Virginia
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
pounds dollars pounds dollars pounds dollars
1880................................................................. 254,687 8,346.2 95,713 5,221.7 158,875 3,124,4
1901......................................... ........................ 461,159 8,380.8 82,975 3,707.5 378,183 4,613.4
1908................................................................. 426, 311 8,022, 0 113,796 3.306.0 312,515 4,716.0
1920 .............................................. -............... 530,750 12, 740. 4 59,531 4,198.7 471,219 8,541.7
1930................................................................ 316,393 11,472. 0 71,099 3,084.7 245,294 7,487,3
1932................................................................. 359,007 6,905.0 61, 626 1,939.7 207,381 3,965.3
1933................................................................. 272,380 5,060.8 55, 302 1,733.8 217,018 3,327.0
1934................................................................. 289, Oil 5, 943. 4 42,210 1,766.5 240,801 4,176.9
1935......................................... ........................ 265,827 5, 524.5 48,235 2,003.6 217,592 3,520.9
1930 ............................................................... 314, 095 6,487. 6 43, 701 2.175. 5 270,304 4,312.2
1937 ............................................................... 292,244 6, 361. 2 49,953 2,532.0 242,292 3,829.2
1938........... .................................................. 294, 594 0,663.0 57, 203 2,259.8 237,331 4,403.2
SOUTH A TLA N TIC STATES
C A L E N D A R Y E A R Total North Carolina South Carolina Georgia
1 8 8 0 .........................
1,000
pounds
4 2 , 9 5 2
1,000
dollars
1 , 2 5 0 . 6
1, 000
pounds
3 2 , 2 4 9
1,000
dollars
8 4 5 . 7
1,000
pounds
6 , 1 4 3
1,000
dollars
212,5
1,000
pounds
2,272
1,000
dollars
1 2 0 . 0
Florida (east
coast only)
1,000
pounds
2 , 2 8 7
1,000
dollars
1 9 0 2 ..................................... 1 0 6 ; 4 4 6 2 , 8 3 9 . 6 6 7 , 5 8 5 1 , 7 3 9 . 7 8 , 1 7 4 2 6 3 . 0 1 1 , 1 0 3 3 5 9 . 1 1 9 , 6 8 4 4 7 7 . 0
1 9 0 8 ..................................... 1 6 6 , 8 7 5 4 , 0 3 4 . 0 1 0 i ; 4 2 2 1 , 7 7 0 . 0 1 4 , 1 0 4 2 8 8 . 0 1 4 , 8 2 8 7 0 1 . 0 3 6 , 5 2 1 1 , 2 6 9 . 0
1 9 1 8 ..................................... 3 3 2 , 6 1 4 5 , 3 4 8 . 6 2 1 0 , 5 0 2 2 , 9 7 8 . 7 3 , 7 4 7 2 0 7 . 7 3 7 , 1 5 4 4 1 6 . 0 8 1 , 2 1 1 1 , 7 4 6 . 2
1 9 2 8 ..................................... 2 6 2 , 1 1 8 6 , 1 9 6 . 2 1 4 1 , 8 9 9 2,6 2 9 . 2 7 , 4 3 2 3 1 6 . 8 4 2 , 0 6 9 8 6 6 . 3 7 0 , 7 1 8 2 , 3 8 3 . 9
loan 2 7 5 , 8 0 7 4 , 2 7 0 . 0 1 6 8 , 9 3 8 1 , 8 3 6 . 4 6 , 1 0 6 2 5 2 . 9 3 4 , 8 7 3 6 3 6 . 3 6 6 , 8 9 0 1 , 0 4 4 . 4
1Q39 1 5 4 , 3 0 4 2 , 3 8 3 . 6 8 6 , 2 1 4 8 2 6 . 7 4 , 5 3 6 1 2 3 . 4 1 6 , 6 2 3 1 8 5 . 9 4 7 , 0 3 1 1 , 2 4 7 . 6
1934 2 8 1 , 0 8 0 3 , 6 2 4 . 1 1 6 3 , 4 6 2 1 , 6 7 2 . 2 5 , 8 9 1 2 2 5 . 3 2 7 , 1 4 1 3 5 9 . 5 6 4 , 5 8 6 1 , 3 6 7 . 1
1936 3 6 9 , 9 8 3 5 , 5 0 0 . 6 2 1 9 ! 8 7 9 2 , 7 3 4 . 8 8 ! 4 8 8 3 4 3 . 5 2 7 , 3 5 2 4 6 8 . 8 1 1 4 , 2 6 5 1 , 9 5 9 . 5
1 9 3 7 ..................................... 3 1 5 , 7 7 5 4 , 0 5 0 . 9 1 1 2 . 7 5 5 1 , 6 5 8 . 3 7 , 1 6 6 2 0 7 . 7 2 2 , 4 4 3 4 0 5 . 6 1 7 3 , 4 1 1 1 , 7 1 9 . 3
1 9 3 8 ..................................... 4 1 4 , 3 0 7 4 , 3 1 6 . 7 1 9 8 , 7 6 6 1 , 9 5 0 . 1 7 , 9 1 1 2 7 4 . 0 1 9 , 8 3 6 3 8 0 . 9 1 8 7 , 7 9 5 1 , 7 1 1 . 7
751
7 8 . 4

7 5 2 FISHERIES!
N o, 74:3.— F i s h e r y P r o d u c t s — Q u a n t i t y a n d V a l u e , b y S e c t i o n s a n d
S t a t e s : 1880 t o 1938— Continued
G U L F S T A T E S
C A L EN D A R Y E A R
T otal
Florida (w est coast
only)
A labam a
1,000pounds /,000 dollars 1,000pounds 1,000 dollars /.000 pounds 1,000 dollars
1880......................... ................. 23,301 1,227.6 8,370 664.8 3,542 119.3
1902............................................ 113,097 3,494.2 48,120 1,402. 2 9,351 206.7
1908............................................ 118,274 4,860.0 37,666 2,120.0 10,665 387.0
1918............................................ 130,924 6,510.3 54,754 3,420.4 5,609 230.6
1928............................................ 191,007 9.866.3 01,121 3,866.5 14,466 589.8
1930........................................... 141,953 6,794.9 53,525 3,001.4 7,113 315.5
1932............................................ 145,613 4,044.8 66,260 1,725.9 6,106 168.6
1934............................................ 186,834 0,369.6 54,215 2,267.0 7,984 253.4
1936............................................ 187.009 8,035.7 69,338 3, 278.8 9,253 355.5
1937............................................ 230, 977 10,175.6 58,765 3,331.7 10, 017 461.4
1938............................................ 207, 551 8,756.7 53,647 3, 276.4 10,917 449.0
M ississippi L ouisiana T exas
1,000 pounds 1,000 dollars l,000pounds 1,000 dollars t,000pounds 1,000 dollars
1880............................................ 788 22.6 6,906 392.6 3,859 128.3
1902___________ __________ 23,427 553.2 24,754 858.3 8,044 353.8
1908......................................................... 17,302 469.0 42,302 1,4 4 8 .0 10,439 446.0
1918......................................................... 20,592 762.8 24,954 1,4 1 9 .4 25,015 677.2
1928________________ ___________ 30,701 1,060.1 69.507 3,4 7 7 .9 15,212 875.0
1030..............— ............ - ................... 15,736 740.1 49,886 1,960.4 16,693 777.5
1932......................................................... 20,603 497.4 48,340 1,180. C 14,304 472.3
1934......................................................... 22,163 652.3 70,633 2 ,2 8 4 .6 25,860 911.7
1936.......................................................... 26,596 926.1 74,395 2 ,6 9 8 .0 17,428 777.3
1937.............................- ......................... 39,080 1,731.2 97,010 3 ,6 0 1 .2 26, 205 1,0 5 0 .0
1938........................................................ 14,260 603.0 103,883 3,3 9 1 .5 24,844 1, 0 3 0 . 2
CALENDAR
YEAR
18SS.
1809.
1908.
1015.
1025.
1930.
1932.
1933.
1034.
1935.
1936.
1937.
1038.
Total
1,000
pounds
87,043
206,911
193,066
304,790
627,025
833,389
560,828
860,161
1,546,102
1,676,236
1,026,342
1,676,877
1,525,885
1,000
dollars
4, 010.0
6,278.6
6,830.0
9,300. 0
24.580. 5
23,064.1
9,484.3
13.988.0
19.950.1
23,088. 8
24,881.5
28,776.4
26,086.3
PACIFIC COAST STATES AND ALASKA
PACIFIC COAST STATES
Washington Oregon California
1,000
pounds
20,468
119,340
111, 350
170, 594
139,457
110, 039
94,959
128,729
113,409
124,080
107,418
155,805
150,631
1,000
dollars
811.0
2.871.4
3.513.0
5.821.0
9.470.4
8.334.8
8.378.0
5.683.9
0,305.1
6,328.7
5,000.4
7,222.3
6,632.2
1,000
pounds
20,048
22; 762
28,221
34, 603
40,008
26,459
22,986
24,533
26,458
85,392
57,741
*68,945
71,728
GREAT LAKES i
1,000
dollars
734.0
855.7
1.356.0
1.479.0
3,442.4
2,256.3
728.7
1,209.8
1.456.7
2.076.8
1.995.1
2.609.2
2,399.6
1,000
pounds
40,627
64,819
53,479
99,509
447,560
696,891
442,883
706,899
1,406,175
1,466,758
1,760.183
1,352,128
1,294,526
1,000
dollars
2.405.0
2,661.5
1.970.0
2.506.0
11,661.7
12,473.0
5,377. 6
7,094.8
12.188.3
14.683.3
ao, vv±. a
17,054.5
1,000
pounds
610,136
620,702
600, 520
030, 774
819, 269
048,710
932,341
834,819
798,823
A laska
1,000
dollars
0,800.7
12.765.6
7,002.6
0,167.9
11,967.9
9,003.2
14.225.8
14.716.9
12.219.7
CALENDAR YEAR T o t a l5 L ake Superior L ake M ichigan L ak e H u ro n L a k e E rie
1,000 1,000 1,000 L000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
pounds dollars pounds dollars pounds dollars pounds dollars pounds dollars
1886................. ... 99,842 2,691.9 8,826 291.5 23,518 878.8 11,457 276.4 51,467 1,109.1
1899.................... 113,727 2, Oil.4 5,430 150.9 34,500 876.7 12,418 308.1 58,394 1.150.9
1908................... 106,631 3,768.0 10,198 342.0 40,019 1,554.0 12,932 486.0 41.922 1,280.0
1917.................. 104,269 6,295.0 15,447 726.7 35,461 2,270.9 13,363 857.5 38,710 2,327.3
1927 ........... 81,327 6,794.9 15,302 918.1 23.681 2,354.8 15.711 1,444.4 23,790 1,831.3
1930 .................. 94,948 6,050.3 14,694 695.3 30,973 2,169.0 16,377 1,819.9 29,540 1,655.5
1932............... .... 83,744 4,331.8 10,173 379.3 20,092 1,236.3 15,848 1,143.1 33,670 1,439.3
1933.................... 74,004 4,050.4 10,653 478.1 21.682 1,411.6 13,351 964.9 26,187 1,067.7
1934................... 96,411 6,123.7 17,533 722.8 28,444 1,837.1 14,512 954.9 32,809 1,433.3
1935...________ 90,223 5,944.9 17,874 940.6 26,089 1,942.6 13,676 1,224.1 30,357 1,043.0
1930.................... 94.277 6,389.4 16,008 928.2 25,783 2.130.8 12,790 099.8 36.777 2,154.4
1937................... 83,958 6,033.1 16,011 918.9 26,398 2,572.8 11,805 961.1 26,933 1,435.6
1038..................... 81,525 6,083.2 14,856 875.0 24,379 2,294.0 12,039 759.8 27,619 1,981.2
1 D a ta collected for th e m ost p a r t b y S tate fishery agencies a n d com piled b y th e B u re a u of F isheries
since 1927.
2Includes, in additio n to tb e la k e s shown, sm all am ounts for L ak e O ntario a n d also p rio r to 1927, L a k e
S t. C lair a n d S t. C lair and D e tro it R ivers and beginning 1927, Lake-of-the-W oods, N a m a k a n L ak e, a n d
R a in y Lake

FISHERIES' 7 5 3
No. 74:8.— F i s h e r ? P r o d u c t s — Q u a n t i t y a n d V a l u e , b y S e c t i o n s a n d
S t a t e s : 1880 t o 1938— Continued
1891..
1899 !
1903J.
1908 *.
1922-
1931-
1891.
1899.
1903.
1922.
1931.
MISSISSIPPI R IV ER AND TRIBUTARIES
YEAH Total 1
1,000
pounds
44,645
98,797
93,374
148,281
105,734
82,383
1,000
dollars
1.381.0
1.781.0
1,811.2
3.125.0
4,603.5
2,897.4
Mississippi and
minor tributaries
21,212
68,601
53,861
33,916
28,139
587.8
828.0
1,157.4
l r 645. 3
1,076.3
i Figures do not include data for Atchafalaya River.
* Includes data for tributaries.
1 Including tributaries.
TRIBUTARY 1922 1931
Arkansas___________
Atchafalaya.............
Cumberland________
Illinois •....... ............
Missouri *....................
Ohio River anti minor
tributaries------------
Red *___________
St. Francis *.................
Tennessees................
Wabash 5.....................
W hite (Missouri and
Arkansas)*.................
Yazoo...........................
1,000
pounds
2,031
4,579
728
12,601
1,232
0,677
3,681
1,900
1 2 ,0 6 3
11,002
1,022
LOGO 1,000 L000
dollars pounds dollars
136.3 4 777 4 40.9
254.7 9,231 523.1
14.7 106 13.0
617.3 5,985 159.7
105.2 1,051 94.3
379.1 1,221 96.5
324.5 6,417 277.4
108.9 2,173 05.0
98.3 6,222 75.0
357.8 8,388 162.0
405.0 12,363 280.7
55.6 41,311 4 67.8
N o . 7 4 4 :.— F is h e r ie s — Su m m a r y f o r t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s , b y S e c t io n s : 1938
SECTION
Fishermen
Fishing
vessels
Fishing
boats
products
Quantity
Value
Total.................... -................ ...........................
Number
130,181
20, 248
7,549
16,207
29,588
23,635
6,076
16,884
11,007
Number
5,179
665
409
841
1,115
1,345
400
S35
Number
70,000
9,000
4,073
11, 278
10, 215
6,572
3,321
14,546
5, 085
1,000
pounds
4,263,145
631,520
210,850
294,504
621,858
1,525,885
81,525
82,383
708,823
1,000
dollars
03,617.4
18.275.2
8.240.2
6,663.0
13,073.4
26,086.3
6.083.2
2,897.4
12,219.7
* Figures for 1931.
No. 74:5.— F i s h e r y P r o d u c t s L a n d e d a t S e a t t l e b y U . S . V e s s e l s , a n d F i s h
R e c e i v e d b y S e a t t l e " W h o l e s a l e D e a l e r s : 1936 t o 1939
SPECIE
QUANTITY IN THOUSANDS
O F FOUNDS
VALUE IN DOLLARS
1930 1937 1933 1930 1936 1937 1938 1939
Grand total........................ 49,8 3 2 0 2 ,3 2 0 50, 895 4 7 ,2 6 4 3 ,2 5 4 , 514 3 ,6 6 4 , 067 3 ,2 7 5 ,6 6 8 3,224, 130
Landed by TJ. S. vessels 1......... 27,080 2 5 ,8 0 6 2 6 ,2 2 8 2 3 ,7 5 2 2 ,2 0 1 ,7 7 4 2 ,1 3 0 ,4 3 1 1,911,4 4 1 1,9 2 9 ,827
Halibut................................... 2 3 ,4 5 0 2 1 ,1 0 8 2 0 ,7 4 4 1 9 ,8 1 7 2 ,0 6 1 ,5 7 3 1 ,9 2 4 ,1 0 3 1 ,7 2 6 ,5 2 0 1,7 2 2 ,1 8 4
Sablefish............................... 2 ,3 3 8 2 ,8 2 9 2 ,7 3 4 2 ,8 7 7 9 8 ,0 3 7 1 4 5 ,3 8 1 114,260 163,008
"Lingcod".............................. 833 907 1 ,8 1 0 801 2 7 ,4 1 9 4 3 ,3 0 7 4 7 ,7 6 2 32,670
Rookflshes........................... 439 343 4 34 256 1 4 ,7 4 5 1 7 ,6 4 0 22,899 11,266
Received by wholesale dealers 2 2 ,7 7 2 27, 014 25, 887 23, 612 1 ,0 5 2 , 740 1 ,5 3 3 , 026 1, 364,2 2 7 1,2 9 4 ,5 0 3
Salmon:
Humpback or pink............ 4 1 ,2 8 2 m 634 77 4 0 ,1 1 3 5 17,580
Chum or keta..................... 3 .5 2 6 6, Oil 5* 696 2, 015 8 3 ,0 3 1 1 0 0 ,0 3 0 159,419 82,985
Chinook or king—.............. 7 ,3 0 8 6, 021 5, 090 4 ,7 3 2 5 2 9 ,1 6 0 5 7 0 ,8 3 4 524,618 458,588
Coho or silver.—................ 4, 594 4, 0 1 0 , 4 ,8 0 9 4 ,7 1 4 2 2 0 ,1 0 6 342, 721 341,102 337,733
Biuebaok, rod, or sockeye.. 12 96 108 27 1 ,2 3 4 0, 254 14,102 2, 705
“Lingcod”—........................... 741 1, 060 1, 4 32 1 ,7 1 7 1 4 ,7 3 1 2 3 ,7 8 2 2 3 ,0 5 6 83,250
Smelt...................................... 621 380 321 640 2 1 ,8 6 1 2 2 ,9 8 2 16,011 25,067
“Sole1’..................................... 8 ,7 0 2 3 ,3 4 8 8 ,5 8 9 3 ,4 7 9 73, 640 8 5 ,9 3 4 105,538 88,077
C rab s................................ 2 ,0 1 5 1 ,0 8 9 1, 753 1 ,8 1 5 76, 584 1 4 1 ,3 3 3 79, 068 77,005
Miscellaneous....................... 1 ,2 6 8 2, 500 2, 719 3, 738 3 1 ,4 3 7 0 2 ,1 4 3 101, 308 171,893
1Halibut fleet. 2 Does not include fish received from Alaska or Canada. 3 Less than 500 pounds.
Source of tables 743, 744, and 745: Department of the Interior, Pish and Wildlife Service; annual bulletins.

7 5 4 FISHERIES
No. 746.— F i s h e r y P r o d u c t s L a n d e d a t B o s t o n a n d G l o u c e s t e r , M a s s .,
a n d P o r t l a n d , M a in e , b y U. S. V e s s e l s : 1939 a n d E a r l i e r Y e a r s
FORT a n d c a l ­
e n d a r YEAR
T o tal,
all
species
C od
H a d ­
dock
H a k e
P o l­
lock
C u s k
H ali-.
b u t
M a c k ­
e rel
H osefish
M iscella
n e o u s
Q u a n tity in th o u s a n d s o f p o u n d s
All th re e p o rts:
1928................. 277,982 59,302 155,331 8,423 8,040 2,358 3,385 24,253 106 16,784
1029.................. 327,090 50,647 187,204 12, 051 10, 565 3,483 2,096 37, 743 47 22,660
1930.................. 350,801 66,616 189,371 15,618 13,080 4,433 2, 581 33,513 85 2*1,604
1931.................. 263,685 60,645 132,846 7,755 7, 631 4,265 2,571 29, 524 120 18,328
1932................. 252,334 59,551 120,117 7,745 7,850 3 ,0 3 9 2, 350 38,0 9 6 57 i3 , m
1933................. 267,157 73,842 129,862 7,107 12,305 3, 430 2,139 22,444 250 15,598
1934................. 311,278 90,019 134, fi74 7,178 21,312 3,932 1,888 30,547 1,841 19, 287
1935................. 373,118 88,092 157,002 10,687 27,885 5,524 2,345 40,848 17,110 23,725
1936 ............... 414,292 81,380 143,881 11,937 34,407 7,270 2,198 28,670 66, 592 37,057
1937................. 387,960 101, 215 137,175 14,198 28,072 8, 027 2. 010 9, 215 58, 327 29, ISO
1938................. 400, fill 93,705 134,877 12, 264 32,246 5, 705 1, 578 20, 037 64, 704 34,635
1 9 3 9 ............. 388,821 80,479 136,235 10,340 30,453 5,175 1, 250 12,320 77,613 35, 948
B oston:
1937................. 324,600 85,884 129,921 9,725 16, 857 5,556 1,938 7,485 41,175 20,058
1938................. 318, 745 77,905 128,454 8,102 20, 363 4,311 1,439 16,034 34, 141 27, 096
1939................. 295,353 72,109 129,223 6,141 19,693 3,847 1,232 8,723 29, 319 25,007
G loucester:
1937................. 46,239 9,490 4,207 1,850 9,617 301 40 1, 513 17,023 2,198
1038................. 63,009 10,406 3, 767 1, 733 8,989 221 102 4,706 29, 408 3, 677
1939 ............... 75,766 5,792 3,816 2,249 8,596 208 12 3,313 44,424 7,357
P o rtla n d :
1937................. 17,121 5,841 3,047 2, 622 2,198 2,170 32 210 129 865
1938................. 18,857 5,395 2,655 2,420 2,894 1,233 38 107 1,155 2,802
1939................. 17,702 2,578 2,106 1, 951 2 ,1G5 1,119 16 284 3,871 3, 524
V alu e in th o u s a n d s a n d te n th s of th o u s a n d s of d o lla rs
All th re e p o rts:
1928................. 10,849.1 2,198.7 5,036.6 221.7 174.4 62.7 009.0 1,355. 9 1 .7 1,188. 5
1929................. 13,051.1 1 ,9S3.5 6,845.3 405.1 243.5 102.9 484.5 1,382. 4 .8 1, 003.7
1930................. 12,785.5 2,208.1 6,045.8 394.9 203.8 113.2 443.0 1 ,1 5 7 .6 1 .6 1 ,5 5 7 .5
1931................. 9,249.3 1,758.4 4,434.4 178.0 113.7 83.2 375. 9 1,225. 7 1 .2 1, 078.8
1032................. 6, 083.9 1,301.5 2,906.8 136.6 85.7 45.8 261.2 618.4 .5 727.4
1933................. 6,850.9 1,641.7 3, 374.0 144.3 158.8 49.3 220.1 408.2 2 .6 755.9
1931................. 8,201.3 2.324.1 3,753.7 188.0 329.4 78.4 217.7 552.5 18.8 798.7
1935 ................ 9,004.7 2,096.0 3,877.6 245.2 532.6 100.5 229.8 724.0 183.7 1,005. 7
1930................ 11,122.2 2,208.8 4,460.7 324.6 665.4 168.5 229.6 789.6 963. 0 1 ,2 5 1 .3
1937................. 9, 780.9 2,303.0 3,847.0 303.2 482! 2 168.4 244.6 473.0 887.6 1, 080. 3
1938................. 8, 956. 5 2,020.1 3,317.5 255. 2 413.6 114.5 187.7 592. 3 786.0 1, 269. 6
1939................. 9,547.5 1,987.7 3,692.8 253.1 535.9 115.8 160.3 322.1 1,0 9 0 .6 1, 389. 2
B oston:
1937................. 8, 468. 0 3,926.2 3. 0 5 1 2 220.6 310.5 1 1 4 ,9 230. 7 377.3 643. 0 980.5
1938................. 7, 623.5 1,683.1 3,169.0 186.3 288.7 84.4 174.9 473.5 442.5 1 ,1 2 1 .2
1939............... .. 8,007.4 1,784.0 3,532.5 177.0 358.7 85.0 157.0 252.7 459.1 1, 201.0
G loucester:
1937................ 018.0 232.1 105.2 28.7 145.1 4.3 3 .4 87.3 245. 7 6 6.3
1938................. 972.0 219.4 80.5 25.7 97.6 2.9 7.5 113.5 330.1 04. 7
1939................. 1,204.7 144,3 90.3 35.0 142.2 3 .0 i . i 6 1.0 588.4 138.7
P o rtla n d :
1937................. 403,9 144.7 91.2 53.9 26.5 49.2 4 .5 8 .6 .8 24. 5
1938................. 361.1 117.6 OS. 0 43.3 27.4 27.2 5 .2 5 .3 13.4 53. 7
1939................. 335.3 59.4 70.0 40. Q 35.0 27.7 2 .2 8 .4 4 3.1 4 9 .0
No. 747.—F is h e r y P r o d u c t s, C a n n e d , a n d B y - P r o d u c t s— V a l u e , b y K i n d ,
fo r U n it e d St a t e s (In c l u d in g A l a s k a ) : 1932 t o 1939
N o t e .—I n th o u sa n d s of d o llars. See also c ensu s s ta tis tic s o n fish c a n n in g , ta b le s 723 a n d 830
PRODUCT 1932 1933 1934 1935 1036 wsr 1038 1239
Total v a lu e ....................................
Salm on...—........ ....
California sardines............................
Maine and Massachusetts sardines...
Tuna and tunalike fishes..................
Shrimp and crabs...........................
Clam uroducts..
Oysters...........................................
Miscellaneous canned products
Fish-meal, scrap, and oil.................
Miscellaneous byproducts.................
56,216 77, 258 102, 610 104, 618 129, 635 141, 710 113, 801 130, 423
26, 460
2, 358
1,370
6,183
2,676
1,797
1,008
1,807
3,799
8,667
36,242
3,805
2,307
0,034
3,623
1,766
1,076
3,057
6,502
10,956
45,818
5,481
3,315
10,010
4,595
2,713
1,871
6,209
12,473
10,125
32, 475
6,237
5,143
12,824
4,840
2,881
2,045
8,753
18,860
10,660
50, 061
7,302
5,740
14,715
4,942
2,976
2,181
6,749
23,025
11,944
62, 034
8, 692
4,998
18, 996
7,316
3,013
2,840
6, 260
23, 912
12,861
42, 366
7,102
2, 3G7
15,184
5,113
3,130
1, 831
6, 207
20,966
0, 595
S ource of ta b les 746 a n d 747: D e p a rtm e n t of th e I n te rio r, F is h a n d W ild life S erv ic e; a n n u a l b u ll e ti n s .
41, 781
9, 554
6,912
20, 080
5,614
3,795
2, 431
6, 293
23, 618
10,347

TISHERTES 755
No. 7 4 8 .— Sa l m o n, C a n n e d — O u t p u t , b y K i n d , n o r W a s h in g t o n , Or e g o n,
a n d A l a s k a : 1939 a n d E a r l ie r Y e a r s
[Quantity in thousands and tenths of thousands of 48.pound cases, value in thousands and tenths of
thousands of dollars]
QUANTITY
VALUE
SPECIES
Total
Washington
Oregon Alaska Total
Wash*
ington
Oregon
Alaska
Total, all species:
1932.. 15,909.0 412.3 i 242.2 6 ,2 5 4 .6 120,460.1 2,632.2 ■2,112.0 21,715.9
1033___ ______________ _ ‘6,302.5 848.9 1288.0 5.225.0 130,241.9 6,217.4 ‘2,648.5 28,376.0
1934...................................... 8,383.0 590.1 305,1 7,481.8 45,817.9 5,293.1 2,912.8 37,012.0
1935................................. 6.027.9 620.8 274.0 6,133.1 32,476.3 3,930.3 2,776.9 26,768.1
1930...................................... 8,905.2 270.7 25G.9 8,437.6 50,001.1 2,306.6 2,912.9 44,761.6
1937 ................................. 7,555, 0 558.3 327.1 6,669.7 52.933.9 4,333.1 4,053.0 44,547.8
1038.................................... 7,279. 7 208.7 204.0 0,807.0 42, 305.8 2, 545. 3 3,183. 0 30, 036. 9
1039_______ _________ 5,992.1 470.1 249.8 5 ,263. 2 41,780.8 3, 970. 3 3,369.4 34,441.1
Coho or silver:
1937...................................... 239.9 39.0 63.7 137. 3 2.193.7 300.0 070.8 1,117.9
1938...................................... 209. 0 18.6 03.8 222.3 2,161.3 123.1 038.9 1, 309. 3
1939..................................... 228.3 86.4 58.8 104.1 1,987.4 001.3 661.0 705.1
Ohum or beta:
1937...................................... 790.8 34.5 31.6 730.8 3, 000.4 161,2 133.2 3,370.0
1 0 3 8 ................................. 845.4 25.1 33.6 780.8 3, 004. 5 95,3 126.8 2,843.4
1939...................................... 671.1 26.3 16.6 830.3 3, 098.8 139.0 81.4 2,848.5
Humpback or pink:
1937 3,954. 2 328.8 3,025. 4 19, 639. 7 1, 590. 3 18,049.6
1938..................................... 3! 233. 3 . 4 3,232.9 12, 484.1 2.4 12,481.7
1939 _ 2,812.8 282.7 2 ,530.0 14, 108. 5 1,638.9 12) 52B. 5
Chinook or king:
1937...................................... 370.5 87.3 213.7 09.5 4, 773.7 1,083.5 2,999.7 090.5
1938................................... 214.9 30.0 141.1 43.8 2,775.9 404.8 2,042.6 328.6
1939___________ _______ 238.4 67.9 148.1 32.5 3,383.4 822.2 2,260.6 300.7
Blueback, red, or sockeye:
1937...................................... 2,176.9 05.2 5,1 2,100.7 22.476.0 1,073.9 88.2 21.313.8
1938__________ ________ 2,671.4 138.2 11.9 2,621.2 21,707.7 1,903.8 220.2 19,583.8
1939___________________ 45.8 3,1 1,966.2 18,852.9 730.9 66.7 18,067,3
Steelhead:
1937 16.7 3.6 13.2 190.6 35.3 156.2
1938...................................... 15.3 1.0 13. 6 172.2 16.0 156.2
1939 20.4 2.1 24,3 339.9 29.0 310.9 «
i Includes figures for California.
1 Less than BOO.
N o. 7 4 9 .— F is h e r y P r o d u c t s o f A l a s k a — Q u a n t it y a n d V a l u e , b y K i n d :
1925 t o 1939
PRODUCT
Q U A N T I T Y I N T H O U S A N D S O F U N I T S P E C I F I E D
V A L U E I N T H O U S A N D S O F D O L L A R S
Unit 1925 1030 1936 1938 1939 1925 1930 1935 1938 1939
Total............... 40,039 37,879 31,231 42,370 40,104
Salmon:
Canned................. Case___ 4,460 5,083 6,133 6,807 6,263 31,990 29,606 26,768 36,637 34,441
Fresh and frozen.. Pound.. 6,103 7,909 7,408 11,784 8,445 305 679 440 832 626
Cured, all forms.. ...d o ...,. 6,895 6,970 6,853 8,752 6,607 1,297 1,096 1,093 1,476 1,173
By-products......... — do__ . 1,738 2,703 1,639 2,584 2,220 00 62 32 47 57
Halibut, fresh and ...d o___ 10,972 31,567 9,808 13,566 13,454 884 2,991 808 890 894
frozen.
Herring:
Fresh and frozen __do___ 7,087 9,877 5,999 6,144 5,294 39 107 82 62 50
Cured for food___ — do___ 36,171 8.766 16,582 2,796 3,462 2,323 400 851 149 208
By-produets____ ...d o ----- 34,806 50,002 68,666 86,114 69,016 1,400 1,531 1,471 1,842 1,832
Cod.......................... ...d o___ 2,864 322 148 289 306 129 17 7 16 17
Sableflsh_____ ____ ...d o__ _ 1,043 449 555 877 1,626 45 21 23 28 63
Other fish, etc____ ...d o__ _ 142 484 288 723 360 10 20 6 116 106
Shrimp__________ ...d o___ 620 614 384 436 438 207 211 129 168 165
C rabs..,....... .......... ...d o ..... 206 107 499 483 306 53 35 163 173 95
Clams—juice, etc__ ...d o___ 2,066 853 446 616 426 492 242 198 263 241
Whales:
O il..— --.............. __do___ 7,224 7,034 7,696 3,650 2,845 550 417 369 168 119
Fertilizer----------- ...d o .__ 2,444 2,340 2,678 1,224 1,002 57 61 31 21 17
All other----------- ...d o___ 707 43 8 12 2 n
1 Largely bait. s Less than $500.
Source of tables 748 and 749: Department of tho interior, Fish and Wildlife Service; annual bulletins.

7 5 6 FISHEBIES
No. 750.— S a lm o n C a n n e d in A la s k a — O u tp u t a n d A v e r a g e P r i c e , b t
K i n d : 1911 to 1939 *1
Y E A R L Y A V ­
E R A G E O R
Y E A R
O U T P U T , E Q U I V A L E N T I N T H O U S A N D S O P
Total
C A S E S O P 4 8 1 - P O U N D C A N S
Coho
or
silver
Chum
or
keta
Total
value
of pack
(thousands
of dollars)
Humpback
or pink
King
or
spring
Bed
or
sockaye
a v e r a g e p r i c e i n d o l l a r s p e r c a s e
Coho
or
silver
O P 4 8 1 - P O U N D C A N S
Ohum
or
keta
Hum p­
back
or pink
King
or
spring
1911-1915---- 16,398 3.835 131 485 1,304 52 1,863 4, 45 2.86 3.07 5.11 5.54
1910-1920.... 39,807 5.203 220 1.079 1,036 77 1,082 8.73 6.35 6.10 9.04 10.20
1921-1925.... 20,458 4,378 158 691 1,848 40 1,641 6.68 4.29 4. 72 9,53 10.02
1926.............. 46,080 6.663 203 902 3,338 52 2.157 8.40 6,01 5. 30 10,37 9.89
1027.............. 30, 010 3,672 253 508 1, 421 70 1,320 8.61 5.47 6. 87 11. 25 12. 08
1928.............. 45, 384 6,084 299 996 2,787 64 1,948 7.12 6.06 6. 50 11.13 9. 41
1929.............. 40, 469 5,370 172 864 2,672 72 1, 690 7. 50 5.35 6. 08 11,92 10.71
1930.............. 29, 095 6,032 332 600 3,189 00 851 8.20 3.60 4.17 13.32 12. 57
1 9 3 1 ......... 29, 000 5.404 170 534 2,954 62 1,094 6,61 3.19 3. 40 e. do 9. 20
1032............. 21, 710 6,264 148 821 2, 113 70 2,103 4.12 2.70 3. 14 5.46 5.01
1933.............. 28, 376 6,226 1G3 059 2,133 41| 2,180 5.20 4.12 4. 52 7.51 6. 71
1934.............. 37, 012 7,482 230 741 3. 824 53 2,628 6.23 3.65 4.10 6.85 6.72
1935.............. 25, 768 5.133 100 853 3,244 36 810 6.40 3.83 4.14 8.70 0. 32
1936.............. 44,752 8.438 222 1,101 4,660 52 2,503 6.51 3.58 3.94 7.96 8.38
1937.............. 44,548 6,070 137 731 3,625 60 2,107 8.14 4.62 4.08 9.04 10.12
1938.............. 36,637 0,807 222 787 3,233 44 2,521 6.29 3.61 3.86 7.50 7.77
1930.............. 34,441 6,263 104 630 2,530 32 1,066 6.77 4.52 4.05 9.26 0.18
N o. 7 5 1 .— P is h P r o pa g a t io n— Ou t p u t of E ggs, F r y , a n d P in g e r l in g s, b y
B u r e a u o f F is h e r ie s, 1895 to 1939, a n d b y k in d , 1939
[All quantities in thousands]
YEAR ENDED JUNE 30— T o ta l E g g s F r y
F in g e r-
lin g s
C o s t p e r
m illio n *
1895 .......................................................................... 619,010 55, 408 501,894 2,613 $202. 64
1900...................................... ............................................. 1,164,337 88,682 1,070,757 4,808 250. 00
10 j 5.................................................................................... 4,288, 758 536, 260 3,694, 282 58,210 131.55
1920.................................................................................... 4,770,356 630,740 3,872,218 207,388 130.11
1925.................................... ............................................... 5,301,862 1 ,050,80S 4,114,514 136,954 135.01
1930 ................................................................................. 7,570,482 2,653,481 4,760,831 260,170 120. 50
1931 ............................................................................. 7,121,805 2,327,421 4,474,344 320, 040 138. 41
1932 .....................................................- ................... 7,073,936 2,808, 231 4,117, 085 148, 619 141. 00
1933.................................................................................... 7,202, 165 2,677,817 4,342, 000 182; 338 117. 70
1934................................................. - ................................ 3,253, 131 2,169, 766 901,997 126, 368 176. 40
1936..................................- ............................................... 5,071, 725 3,381, 794 1, 650, 246 133, 683 117. 22
iaan 8,171,201 5,421, 627 2,588,962 160,611 70. 55
1937.................................................................................... 7,910,100 4,959,321 2,823,668 136,221 8 5 .0 8
1938 ............................................................................ 8,121,132 5,912,580 2,089,367 119,185 106.88
1939.................................................................................... 8,024,541 5,824,802 2,115,406 84,333 101.80
BPECIE
Eggs
78,682
32,960
Chinook salmon........ 5, 607
1, 309
Sockeye salm on,
Blaekspotted trout...
Loch Leven trout___
75
123
35
. 4, 330
26,362
77
. 276
5
6
1930
Fry
30.323
920
3,000
1,798
21,813
7,595
233
2,328
Rod
or
sockeye
Fingerlings
10 418
1
1,037
1,411
26,469
375
717
2,344
444
935
6
10,403
11,436
1,421
104
10,308
71
SPECIE
Pike and pickerel___
Black bass:
1939
Eggs Fry Flngorlings
1,800
1,643
Cod ...................... 3,047,864
1,172,797
1,446,519
Lobster...........-..........
4,497 258
3,788
1,401
7
4,272 330,490
4, 300
300,666
11,060
132,605
5,768
1,185,940
50,763
4,049
431
8,669
325
3
122
91
8,788
176
17
i Includes all expenditures chargeable to fish culture and distribution and salaries of all employees in
the fish-cultural field services and the administrative and clerical force in Washington, D. 0.
1Less than 500.
Source of tables 750 and 761: Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service; annual bulletins and
reports.

31. MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
[Data in this section cover the following areas unless otherwise indicated: Bureau of Census and American
Iron and Steel Institute statistios, continental United States; Bureau of Mines production statistics,
continental United States, and, for leading products, outlying areas: foreign trade statistics, United
States oustoms area, which includes Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Itlco, and, beginning Jan. 1, 193S, the Virgin
Islands. Index numbers of mineral production are shown in table 828, p. 804]
N o. 7 5 2 . M in e r a l P r o d u c ts op t h e U n it e d S t a t e s— V a l u e , f o r M e t a l l ic
a n d N o n m e t a l l ic : 1881 t o 1939
Note.—All figures in millions of dollars. See general note above
Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E
O R Y E A R
N O N M E T A L L I C
Y E A R
N O N M E T A L L I C
Total Metalilc
Total
Metallie
Total Fuels 1 Other Total Fuels i Other
1881-1885.......
1880-1890.......
1891-1805.......
1896-1000.......
3001-1905.......
1900-1910.......
1911-1916.......
1910-1020.......
1921-1025.......
1026-1080.......
1031-1085.......
1913 ..
1914 ..
1015................
1916 ..
1917 _
1918 ..
1919 ..
1920..............
420
641
592
828
1,392
1,887
2,220
5,129
6,161
5, 656
3,032
2,434
2,111
2, 395
3, 508
4, 992
fl, 641
4, 624
6,981
194
249
245
36G
578
769
821
1,798
1,154
1,276
511
879
687
903
1,622
2,080
2,157
1, 361
1,764
232
292
347
402
814
1,118
1.400
3,331
3,997
4,280
2,521
1,554
1,424
1.401
1,886
2,904
3,384
3, 263
5, 218
171
215
248
307
546
740
967
2,602
2,043
3.088
1, 977
1.088
993
973
1,333
2,238
2,736
2, 511.
4,193
G1
78
00
154
207
372
433
729
1,054
1,102
644
407
431
429
554
666
048
752
1,025
1021................
1922................
1023................
1924................
3025................
1926................
1927.. . .
1928.. .............
1929...............
1930................
1031................
1932 ..
1933 ..
1934 ..
1935 ..
1936 ..
1937 ..
1938-...............
1939 (pro!.)...
4,139
4,647
6,087
5,306
5,678
0,214
5, 530
5,385
5,888
4,705
3,167
2,462
2,556
3,325
3,660
4,567
5,413
4,363
4,874
055
088
1,512
1,233
1,382
1,405
1,221
1,288
1,480
980
570
280
417
540
733
'1,082
1,408
802
1,291
3,484
3,659
4,475
4,072
4,205
4,808
4, 300
4,007
4,407
3, 770
2,507
2,170
2,138
2,776
2,017
3, 475
3,945
3,471
3, 683
2,703
2,738
3,317
2,899
3.059
3,542
3.060
2,885
3,191
2,765
1,802
1,743
1, 683
2, 233
2, 330
2,759
3, 201
2, 820
2, 810
780
921
1,157
1,174
1,237
1,280
1,249
1,212
1, 217
1,015
704
432
455
643
587
710
745
860
764
■Coal, natural gas, natural gasoline, petroleum.
Source: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines! Minerals Yearbook.
No. 7 5 3 .— N o n f b r r o u s M e t a l s— Y e a r l y A v e r a g e P r ic e s , b y K i n d : 189,6
to 1939
[Pfioes are oents per pound, except cuiakailrer (dollars per flask1) and platinum (dollars per ounce)]
YEAR
Copper,
electrolytic
(New
TorJc)
Lead
(Now
York)
Tin 1
(New
York)
Zinc
(St.
Louis)
Aluminum
1
(New
York)
Antimony
(New
York)
Quicksilver
(New
York)
Platinum
(Now
York)
1806-1900..................... i 13. 41 3.84 19. 54 ‘4, 55 37.15 8.204 42.17 e 16. 00
1001-1905..................... 13.877 4.330 28.194 7 5.284 33. 80 7.308 43.17 10.65
1000-1910..................... 15. 642 4.780 34.200 5. 432 31.12 11.885 44.12 26.58
1011-1016..................... 14.073 4.359 41.104 7. 205 23,84 12.373 52.77 45.16
1018.............................. 27. 202 6.858 43.480 12. 034 60.71 25.370 125.40 83.40
1017............................. 27.180 8.787 01.802 8.730 51.69 20.000 106.30 102.82
1018.......................... * 24.628 7.413 M 7.890 33.53 12. 681 123.47 106.05
1910.............................. 18.601 6.760 63.328 0.988 32.14 8.100 92.15 114,01
1020-.... ....................... 17.466 7.957 49.101 7.071 32.72 8.485 81.12 110.90
1021-.......................... 12.502 4.546 20.916 4.666 21.11 4.067 45.40 75.03
1922.............................. 13.382 5.734 32.554 6.716 18.08 5.471 68.06 97.62
1023— .......................- 14.421 7.267 42.664 0.607 25.41 7.897 60.50 118. 64
1024.............................. 13.024 8.007 60.176 6.344 27.03 10.836 69.76 118.82
1026.............. -............. 14.042 0.020 57.893 7.622 27.19 17.494 83.13 119.09
1926........................ .... 13.705 8.417 65.285 7.337 26.09 15.0S8 91.90 113.27
1027............................. 12.020 6.755 64.353 6.242 25.41 12,393 118.16 84.64
1928.............................. 14.570 0.306 50.427 0.027 23.90 10.305 123.51 78.58
1920............................. 18.107 0.833 . 45.155 0. 512 23.90 8.950 122.15 67.00
1930............................. 12.982 5.517 31. 604 4.656 23.70 7.887 115.01 46.36
1931...................... 8.110 4.243 24.407 3.040 23.30 6.720 87.35 85.67
1932............................. 5. 656 3.180 22 017 2.870 23.30 5. 502 57.93 36.46
1033.............................. 7.025 3.809 89.110 4.029 23.80 0.528 69.23 so. gg
1034............................. 8.428 3.800 52.191 4.168 21.58 8,001 73.87 36.47
1936............................. 8.049 4.005 50. 420 4.328 20.50 13.016 71.90 84.16
1930............................. 9.474 4.710 46.441 4.901 20.00 12.240 79.02 42.93
1937-..................... ..... 13.107 6.000 54.337 6.519 20.08 15.355 90.18 51.77
1938 ............................ 10.000 4.730 42.301 4.610 20.00 12.349 75.47 35.90
1039_______________ 10.905 6.053 50.323 5.110 20.00 12.359 103.04 36.76
>Flasks oI75 pounds prior to 1027; 76 thereafter,
a 99 percent tin, 1896-1919; Straits tin thereafter.
* Prices 1896 to 1929 for pure aluminum (No. 1 virgin
08-99 percent); beginning 1980, for 99 percent +■ virgin
ingot.
t Prices 1896 to 1898 are for Lake copper.
s D ata are for New York zinc.
• Average for 1899 and 1900 only.
i Average, 1903-6; average for New York zinc,
1901-5, 15,058 cents.
8 Average of 11 months.
• No average computed.
Sources: Engineering and Mining Journal and The Mineral Industry; American Metal Market, annual
report, for aluminum, 1909-39.

758 MINING AND MINERAL DRODUOT&
No. 754=.— M i n e s a n d Q u a r r ie s— S u m m a r y e o r P r o d u c in g a n d
N o n pr o d u c in g E n t e r p r is e s : 1929
N ote.—Statistics are not comparable with those lor earlier years shown in the 1931 and previous issues
of the Statistical Abstract owing to the exclusion of data for the petroleum and natural-gas industries
(no data haying been collootod in 1920) and the inclusion of data for the sand and gravel, glass-sand,
and moulding-sand industries (data having been collected for the first time in 1929)
All enterprises
Producing
enterprises
NONPRODUCING
ENTERPRISES
Number or
amount
Percent
of total
Number of enterprises (see source note).. 10,906 10,135 861 7.8
Number of mines and quarries_______ 12,506 11,602 904 7.2
Persons engaged, total________________ 370,480 883,948 6,632 .8
Proprietors and firm members_____ 4,029 4,897 32 .6
Salaried employees______________ 56,331 52,633 698 1.3
Wage earners (average for the year). 812,220 806,418 6,802 .7
Power equipment (total horsepower)___ 7,584,463 7,514,843 69,620 .9
Prime movers__________________ 2,780,116 2,743,026 37,091 1.3
Electric motors driven by purchased energy______ 4,804,347 4,771,818 32,529 .7
Frinoipal expenses, total.......... ................. .1,000 dollars.. 1,876,944 1,861,188 14,778 .9
Salaries...... ..............-........................ 139,023 137,839 1,384 1.0
Wages........ ....................................... 1,099,895 1.091,090 7,905 .7
Contract work................................... 17,914 17,056 857 4.8
Supplies.............................................. 297,554 293,568 3,986 1.3
Fuel.................................................... 49,364 49,146 218 .4
Purchased electric energy................. ............. d o .... 72,105 71,769 426 .6
% 392,831 2,392,831
Expenditures for development (included above in
“ Principal expenses”) .............................. .1,000 dollars.. 89,646 76,488 13,158 14.7
Machinery ana other equipment purchased during the
year (total oost)............... ..................... 1,000 dollars.. 86,732 84,508 | 2,224 2.6
N o. 7 5 5 .— M in e s a n d Q u a r r ie s, P r o d u c in g — S u m m a r y : 1909 to 1929
1969' 1919'
All industries
1922
Revised
(for comparative
purposes)'
PERCENT
INCREASE OR
DECREASE (—)
1909-
1919
Number ol enterprises............ ................... 12,089 11,468 10,135 9,063 —5.2 -2 1 . Q
Number ol mines and quarries................... 18,127 13,731 11,802 10,277 -2 4 ,3 -2 6 .2
1919-
1929
Persona engaged, total__ ____________ _ 982,329 962,566 863,048 841,862 - 3 .0 - n . e
Proprietors and firm members______ 13,703 7,895 4,897 4,620 -4 3 .8 -3 9 .8
Salaried employees................................ 37,946 66,515 52,033 48,666 48.9 -1 3 .9
Wage earners (average for the year)... 930,680 888,355 806,418 788,357 - 4 .5 -1 1 .8
Power equipment (total horsepower).......... 3,384,769 4,900,102 7 ,514,843 6,970,091 44,8 42.2
Prime movers--------------- --------------- 3,179,270 3,341,350 2,748,025 2,602,132 6.1 -2 6 .1
Electrio motors driven by purchased
energy................................................. 205,489 1,668,762 4,771,818 4,467,959 658.6 186.6
Principal expenses (1,000 dollars):
Salaries________ -........... — ............ 46,093 116,881 . 137.639 126,008 161.4 8.8
Wages_____________________ ____ 559,546 1,161,415 1,091,090 1,066,606 107.6 - 8 .2
Contract work...................................... 12,151 10,717 17,056 16,595 -1 1 .8 54.9
Supplies and materials------------------- 1
\ 331,627 293,568 280.623 1 [ -1 6 .4
I 196,530 ^ 74,082 49,146 44,693 \ 120.3 \ -3 9 .7
Purchased electric energy....................
t 27,230 71,769 66,416 [ 143.9
Value of products (1,000 dollars)_________ 1,052,569 2,228,871 2,392,831 2,280,384 111.6 2.4
i The figures for 1909,1919. and 1929 have been adjusted to make them comparable.
Source of tables 764 and 755: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports,
Mines and Quarries. (For definition of enterprise, sea p. 4 of report.)

m u tes! a n d Q U A m m s 7 5 9
No. 756.— M in e s a n d Q d a r b ie s , P r o d u c in g — S u m m a r y , b y S t a t e s : 1919
a n d 1929
N o te —Figures for 1019 and 1929 have been rovised to make them comparable except for 1919 where data
for revision were not available, and for certain States for 1929 where revision would result in disclosure of
individual operations. Therefore, the totals for the United States are less than the sum of the figures for
the States for both years and for geographio divisions for 1910; also the totals for most of the geographio
divisions for 1929 are less than the sum of the figures for the States
[Wages and value of products in thousands of dollars]
DIVISION AND STATE
NUMBER OF
MINES AND
QUARRIES
WAGE EARN­
ERS (AVER­
AGE FOR THE
YEAR)
HORSEPOWER
WAGES
VALUE OF
PRODUCTS
11)19 1929 1919 1029 1919 1929 1919 1929 1919 1929
Continental U. S. 13,731 10, 277 983,356 788,357 4,900,102 0,870,091 1,161,415 1,066,606 2,228,671 2,280,384
New England...........
Maine....................
N ew Hampshire-.
Vermont................
Massachusetts-----
Rhode Island........
Connecticut..........
Middle Atlantio____
New York______
New Jersey_____
■Pennsylvania........
East North Central__
Ohio.......................
Indiana.................
Illinois...................
Michigan...............
Wisconsin.............
West North Central.
Minnesota...........
Iowa—................. .
Missouri..............
North and South
Dakota............. .
Nebraska_______
Kansas................. .
South Atlantio..........
Delaware and
Dist. of Col___
Maryland............ .
Virginia.................
West Virginia___
North Carolina...
South Carolina....
Georgia________
Florida..................
E. South Central and
W. South Central.
Kentucky..............
Tennessee..............
Alabama................
Arkansas..... ..........
L ouisiana and
Mississippi____
Oklahoma_______
T exas..................
Mountain_________
Montana_______
Idaho.....................
Wyoming_______
Colorado________
Now Mexico____
A rizona...._____
Utah___________
Nevada____ ____
Paoifio______
Washington.
Oregon...—.
California__
334 347 7,213 7,979 62,725 96,422 8,036 11,660 IS, 723 27,929
51 60 07£ 1,17C 6,277 12, 076 1,062 1,677 1,823 3,408
81 81 682 56£ 4,335 6,466 82e 773 1,508 1, 562
109 12* 2, Q3( MS* 28,096 39,905 3,042 4,153 8,555 10, 270
79 77 1,704 2,207 12,493 26, 741 2.08C 3,057 4,170 8,571
15 14 869 25C 3, OOfl 4,237 40C 385 952 800
47 42 543 761 8, 520 10,766 647 1,220 1,049 3,810
3,767 2,402 324,242 282,913 1,723,094 2,294,998 446,302 413, 641 777,718 717,793
147 20( 6,33< 5,021 61,143 102,389 6,41C 7,480 15,230 24,272
102 71 4,575 2,90c 33,901 60,171 5,898 4,309 0,800 11,100
3,508 2,120 314,332 275,138 1, 628,050 2,143,828 434,999 401,988 763,179 683,631
2,824 1,823 181, 733 115,863 863,714 1,141,216 227, 641 164,018 401,132 316,842
1,051 744 44,175 25,500 184, 271 182, 003 51,767 29,117 80,036 51,757
39? 376 26,348 15,96? 121,994 156,645 29,717 22,349 . 50,230 44,297
59C 48C 76,371 52, m 282,801 308,602 90,901 71,828 147,410 124,772
165 117 31, 202 19,745 337,882 355,397 50,400 27,220 103, 870 87,810
107 194 3, 547 2,517 26,766 49,168 4,750 3,545 10, 681 10,401
1,270 1,163 65,948 40,634 380,264 489, 685 74,051 64,231 211, 697 220.161
10(3 14E 17,265 11,37C 144,199 198,182 29,383 17,767 130, 399 130.859
22£ 2U7 11,274 6,78/3 32,166 38,945 12,406 8,800 18,474 14,048
m 401 14,857 12,793 100,070 147,080 16,777 16, 638 33,360 43,479
107 150 2,559 2,507 13,881 85,202 3,626 3,834 7,242 10,527
9 8 162 137 1,847 1,005 166 182 293 460
238 257 9,831 7,001 88,101 87,806 12,333 8,104 21,823 20,688
1,976 1,481 117,406 130,233 610,986 971,649 136,360 156, 870 252,666 289,767
1.1 0 128 104 757 901 144 120 269 268
161 l i t 5,623 3.987 18,660 23,967 6,152 4,123 9,609 7,341
216 100 14,547 16,015 57,880 107,316 10,108 14,664 29,363 28,706
1,325 B7C .88,510 101,086 866,028 604, 639 107,102 128,418 196,088 222,317
lOfl m 1,8 0 0 2,436 6,089 20, W 1,480 2,193 2,737 6,631
20 35 938 1,208 4,050 18,470 680 930 1,361 3,003
82 81 2 ,397 3,005 12,096 34,386 2,017 2,898 4,082 9,489
65 65 3,372 3,061 44,069 106,384 3,108 3,046 8,076 13,626
1,970 1,491 109,793 120,693 481,636 839,583 122,187 127,661 225,570 263,629
804 617 41.444 57.509 135,008 310,664 46,905 62,442 75,157 102,502
208 167 14,470 11,441 60,076 73,772 12,987 10,333 23,292 22,050
848 242 32,579 31,674 146,776 265,666 36,230 30,003 69,866 53,363
120 121 8,614 4,744 20,748 30,620 4,547 4,606 7,783 9,796
4 2 387 94 0,886 600 409 100 8,001 220
284 245 12,734 10,047 94,939 98,481 16.060 13,318 34.430 31,660
81 104 4,666 5,100 21,514 60,304 ' 4,989 6,151 17,041 44,334
1,598 1,094 7(1234 78,896 700,898 980,410 127,506 132,711 299,454 397,996
209 169 IB. 091 14,676 143,473 201,740 25,666 26,718 40,666 64) 774
83 65 2,465 4,226 31,050 67,205 4,202 7,420 11,840 20,749
87 73 7,632 5,282 49,864 60,855 11,090 0,004 19,900 18,817
523 333 10.710 14,493 114,448 110,502 25,203 22; 267 51,063 41,205
103 89 7,100 6,986 69,876 90,061 10,494 10,118 18,873 27,142
172 184 16.268 10,633 165,076 201,466 26,193 28,238 88,478 110,135
154 131 9,847 12,149 85,816 179,475 17,197 21.225 41,611 82,843
207 104 4,231 4,685 60,786 72,915 7,401 8,104 18,054 20,495
602 473 12,790 11,138 137,386 158,329 17,840 17,122 39,966 46,278
98 9(] 6,050 3,652 37,098 39,321 7,466 5,790 13,329 12.271
52 44 740 635 6,204 7,240 993 068 1,885 5* Ain
367 340 7,000 0,850 03,124 110; 019 9,381 10,382 24,762 30)630
Source: Department of Commerce,Bureau ofthe Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Mines and Quarries.

7 6 0 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS'
N o. 7 5 7 .— M in e s a n d Q u a r r ie s , P r o d u c in g — S u m m a r y , b y I n d u s t r ie s :
1919 a n d 1929
Note. — Figures for 1010 and 1920 for the limestone, sandstone, abrasive materials, and silica Industries
are not strictly comparable, owing to tho inclusion or exclusion of data for 1929 not similarly treated for
1919, For the limestone industry, data for quarrying operations of lime and cement manufacturers are
included in the figures for 1929 but not in those for 1919, For the sandstone industry, data for enterprises
whose product was ground into glass or molding sand, or used as refractory materials (siliceous
mica schist and ganistor), eto., are included in the figures for 1919 but excluded from those for 1929 and
included in tho figures for the glass-sand, molding-sand, abrasive-materials, or sllioa industries, according
to the nature and purpose of the final product. Data for dfatomaceous earth are included in the figures
for abrasive materials in 1919 and in those for silica in 1929
[Wages and value of products in thousands of dollars]
IN DUSTRY
NUMBER OP
MINES AND
QUARRIES
WAGE EARN­
ERS (AVERAGE
FOR TH E YEAR)
HORSEPO W ER
wages
VALUE OF
PRODUCTS
1919 1929 1919 1920 1919 1929 1910 1929 M 9 1929
All industries 118,781 10,277 888,856 788,857 4,900,102 6,970,091 1,161,116 1,066,606 2,226,871 2,280,684
Coal:
Anthracite............. 421 303 147,872 142,801 899, 783 1,041,465 210, 280 229.967 364,084 384,854
Bituminous........... 8,282 5,620 645, 798 468,732 2,155,086 3,124,187 682,601 574, 800 1,146,978 066,694
Metals:
CoppeT.................. 229 18C 43,717 44,502 522,426 701, 791 00,390 73, 200 181,2 5 8 283,517
Iron ore.................. 408 208 45,741 28,516 370,860 498,821 75,713 40, 005 218,218 197,335
Load and zinc....... 478 375 21,884 25.007 229,401 357,737 30,708 30,102 76, 570 112,428
Gold and silver,
lode mines......... 709 258 16,436 7,046 149,100 98,772 23,818 12,982 58,832 26,107
Gold, placermfnes. 132 87 1,380 578 35, 032 20,230 1,914 970 9,369 3,770
Mercury................ 20 40 748 1,029 2,607 6, 625 828 1, 384 1,803 2,820
Manganese______ 87 21 009 354 5,800 2,342 1,086 392 2,188 1,185
Stone:
Limestone----- 92ft 1,256 22,069 32,300 213,717 535,456 23,026 30,188 62,044 117, 258
Granite................. 881 434 8,049 10,037 55, 614 108,217 8,588 12, 640 18, 270 30, 381
Basalt............ ........ 174 144 3,336 3,063 37,307 63,881 3,991 4,498 0,658 16,544
Slate___________ 104 180 3,613 4,008 20,613 33,817 3,128 4,884 5,721 10,486
Marble.......... ........ 02 88 1,732 3,350 16,628 30,108 1,452 3,292 4,398 7,639
Sandstone---------- 271! 172 4,287 2,156 33.869 28,035 4,449 2,626 10, 685 6,312
Miscellaneous....... « 234 (!) 1,841 (>i 28,627 («S 2,406 w 8,475
Miscellaneous:
Abrasive materlals8.....................
34 36 817 462 1,748 3,8% 322 491 722 1,411
Asbestos................ 11 11 146 105 420 2,114 92 237 260 397
Asphalt and biluminous
rook,. 12 25 324 1,123 648 13,109 295 1,255 750 5,124
Barite..................... 98 44 919 844 3,02D 0,006 769 048 1,592 1,801
Clay....................... m 28(1 6,453 4,136 21,203 31,877 5,367 3, 758 10,086 10,753
Foldspar................ 82 58 349 598 1,782 6,643 264 527 584 1,935
Fluorspar.............. 72 86 1,124 1,053 7,138 0,513 1,196 1,112 3,336 2,858
FullerB and filtering
earths.___ _ a 24 824 901 2,538 8,221 641 853 2,019 4,812
Gypsum................ 48 63 2,191 2,078 15,032 26,498 • 2,478 2,628 0,806 6,740
Magnesite—....... — ii 6 448 351 2,540 3,197 652 460 2,170 2,044
Mica.....................- . 69 32 448 226 803 1,721 288 105 007 616
M illstones and
pulpstones------- 11 14 87 164 220 2,517 48 221 05 021
Minor metals

MINES AND QUARRIES
7 6 1 '
N o . 7 5 8 . — M i n e r a l I n d u s t r i e s — S u m m a ry f o r S p e c i f i e d I n d u s t r i e s : 1935
N ote.— The following data, based on information furnished by mine, quarry, and other operators, were
collected as part of the general Census of Business for the year 1935. Figures cover continental United
States, except those for gold, silver, load, copper, and sine, which include Alaska
[All money figures in thousands of dollars]
her of
mines
and
quarries
Value
of products
i
Total
EXPENDITURES
Fuel
SALARIED
EMPLOYEES 2
WAGE EARNERS
Supplies
and
materials*
Purchased
electriber
Num­
power
Salaries
Number
4
Wages
Metals:
Bauxite *__________ u 1,546 358 213 106 3fl 77 131 559 330
Gold, silver, lead,
copper, and zinc— 12,90G 1 222. 408 57, 891 43,004 4.015 9,282 5,019 10.453 60,410 61608
Iron ore4________. . . 19£ ‘ 7 6 734 10,872 6,647 1,599 2,620 1,367 3,02(1 14,873 14, 624
Mercury. __________ 43 m 330 227 82 21 100 87 451 3 86
Nonmetals:
Abrasive stones____ ie 466 138 113 11 15 13 17 209 168
Asbestos__________ i 261 91 7C 2 19 1 4 36 85 78
Asphalt, native, and
bitumens________ 19 2.149 60S 441 46 21 91 238 386 3 2 8
Barite_____________ («) 1,251 40S 316 38 54 42 90 482 3 2 0
Basalt *___________ 27C 110,866 3. OSfl 2,670 450 533 670 1,027 3,147 2,841
Olay......................... 219 l 7,056 2,018 1,362 273 383 392 737 3,687 2,097
Coal:
Anthracite, Pennsylvania_______
350 i 210,351 38.536 27,140 4.197 7,197 5,302 1 1 ,117 1 92,438 120.102
Bituminous______ 6,3H 1658,476 103,581 73,705 4,796 25,080 10,916 32,631 >435,420 402,677
Feldspar, c ru d e ...... 51 I s 772 157 124 23 9 51 84 645 413
Feldspar, ground----- •27 i 8 2.670 ' 400 363 20 120 112 251 411 320
Fluorspar *------------- 10 7E i 1.66C 422 315 91 17 82 164 927 668
Fuller's earth______
M 2,237 47S 156 24C 80 91 242 783 408
Granite1__________ 404 l 1 3 ,491 3,024 2,085 277 882 567 1,206 5,940 4,972
Gypsum *_________ 5fi 18,82(1 4.290 3,109 008 402 369 70S 2,92? 2.795
Limestone *................ 1,024 i 56,544 20,474 13,431 3, QIC 3,433 3,482 6,273 29,681 21,585
Marblo 4_____ ______ 32 2 ,10C 820 569 5(1 202 238 388 2,08? 1,413
M ica........................... « 27(1 96 72 £ 18 27 32 25C 134
Natural gas............... n 53,790 u 429,374 0.950 7,495 2,238 107 2,780 3,901 7,28? 7.280
Natural gasoline____ n 715 70,940 12,571 9,470 2.G2C 481 » 1,052 '•2,105 7,997 10,567
Petroleum_________ " 340,99(1 901,440 103.04C 82,051 14,684 6,305 7,938 14,736 03,45C 126,703
Phosphate rock......... («) i 11,422 2,981 1,52C 74C 721 274 65C 2,63? 1,807
Potash.___________ 4 4,24(1 1,587 793 745 . 49 231 004 1,271 1,796
Pumice___________ 22 240 3C IS 1C 1 12 14 77 65
Salt............................. 62 '23,900 6,614 3,787 2,224 603 694 1.746 4,82< 5,070
Band and g ravel--------- 1,798 i 53,701 11,940 8,207 1,838 1,903 2,080 3,82) 8 ,56C 8,340
Sandstone4................ 280 i 4,365 1,524 1,192 121 211 224 370 2,278 1,595
Silica— .................... (*) 1,865 366 179 35 162 4e 115 20! 217
Slate .............. ........... 117 » 3,526 92£ 60S 91 235 10C 301 1,893 1,517
Tale a n d g ro u n d
soapstone................... 20 1,804 342 233 16 93 07 157 534 387
Tripoli_________ ____ 0 374 132 104 20 8 10 32 110 93
Other industries14____ 413 19,683 4 , 942 3,659 629 654 541 1,340 3,819 4,004
‘ The figures notod include the value of work or services.
2 includes salaried officers, technical and supervisory employees, and all others on salaries, except employees
at central administrative offices not connected with mine or plant*
3 Indudes cost of lumber or timber, iron and steel materials, explosives and oil used directly or sold to
employees, water for boilers, machinery supplies, and all other supplies and materials necessary to maintain
and operate the mine or plant.
4 Determined by averaging the total number reported on pay rolls the 16th of each month.
4 For the industries noted, data are included for benefleiating plants, finishing plants, or mills operated
in connection with the mine or plant; in such cases, the value of their product is Included and not the value
of the produot of the mine or quarry.
4 Not available.
1 Average including shut-down periods.
* The v a lu e o f m o s t o f t h e c r u d e te l d s p a r i s duplicated in t h e value of the ground p r o d u c t .
9 Number of grinding mills; some of these are operated in connection w ith the feldspar mines.
10 In addition, fluorspar was produced at an undetermined number of prospects and reclaimed from mill
ponds, waste dump6, and old workings of abandoned mines. D ata for these operations are included in
tbe-other figures given.
14 D ata for natural gas and petroleum cover number of wells; for natural gasoline, num ber of plants.
14 Value at points of consumption; the value at wells amounted to $110,402,000.
43 Not including 626 salaried employees at central offices with salaries amounting to $1,752,000.
44 Boron, bromine and iodine, diatomite, emery, garnet, greensand marl, magnesito, magnesium salts,
manganese, molybdenum, natural sodium compounds, miscellaneous stone, and vcrmiculite.
Source: Dent, of Commerce, Bur. of the .Census, in cooperation w ith Dept, of the Interior, Bur. of
Mines; mimeographed reports of Census of Business, 1035.
267706°— 11------50

7 6 2 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
No. 7 5 9 .— M in u s a n d Q u a b r ie s, P r o d u c in g — E s t a b l is h m e n t s C l a s s if i e d b y
N ttmbeb o f W a g e E a r n e r s, b y P r in c ip a l I n d u s t r ie s : 1929
INDUSTRY AND WAGE
EARNERS PER EN­
TERPRISE
N u m ­
b e r of
e n te r­
p rises
N u m ­
b e r of
m in es
a n d
q u a r ­
ries
WAGE EARN­
ERS •
A v e r­
age
for
y e a r
P e r ­
c e n t
INDUSTRY AND WAGE
EARNERS PER EN­
TERPRISE
N u m ­
b e r of
e n te r ­
p rise s
N u m ­
b e r of
m in e s
a n d
q u a r ­
ries
WAGE EARN­
ERS
A v e r ­
age
for
y e a r
P e r ­
c e n t
A ll in d u s tr ie s i ............. 10,069 11, 666
N o t r e p o r te d ______ 31 34
1 to 5 ............................. 2,742 2,799
6 to 20........................... 3,004 3,217
21 to 50......................... 1, O il. 1,795
61 to 100....................... 1, 055 1,201
101 to 250..................... 6S8 1,267
251 to 500.................... 416 607
501 to 1,000................. 109 274
1,001 to 2,500.............. 60 188
2,601 a n d o v e r_____ 23 184
A n t h r a c i t e . .. .. ........... 193 303
1 to 5 ............................. 31 31
fl to 20...........................
21 to 50.........................
20
21
21
21
61 to 100....................... 17 18
101 to 250.................... 32 34
251 to 500.................... 19 19
601 to 1,000................. 34 36
1,001 to 2,500.............. 11 24
2,601 a n d o v e r------- 13 09
B itu m in o u s coal_____ 4,976 5,620
1 t o 5 .............................. 1,384 1,384
6 to 20........................... 1,109 1.123
21 to 60.............. .......... 676 720
61 to 100....................... 619 692
101 to 260__________ 708 830
251 to 500..................... 334 472
501 to 1,000________ 105 196
1,001 to 2,600_______ 34 142
2,601 a n d o v e r-------- 7 61
Copper....________ 143 180
Not r e p o r te d .......... - 2 2
lto 8 .............. ........ 33 33
806,418 100.0 C o p p er— C o n tin u e d .
ft t.n 9ft 40 41 496 1.1
.9
2.0
8,194
34,079
1.0
4 .2
21 to 60.........................
51 to 100.......................
14
12
17
13
398
877
53,183 6.6 101 to 250.................... 11 13 1,859 4; 2
76,362 9.5 261 to 500..................... 10 15 3,893 7 .6
158,823 19.7 501 to 1,000................. 7 9 5,096 11.5
145,883 18.1 1,001 to 2,500............. 11 13
110,931 13.8 2,601 a n d o v e r........... 3 24
87,279 10.8
131,884 16.3 L im e sto n e ....................... 1,166 1,254 32,300 100.0
1 to 5............................. 283 286 897 2.8
142, 801 100.0 6 to 20.................... — 438 465 5,400 16.7
85 .1 21 to 60......................... 288 312 9,313 28.8
221 107 110 7.436 23.0
.2 51 to 100.......................
710 .5 101 to 250..................... 41 58 6,398 19.8
1,113 .8 251 to 500.....................
5,052 3.5 501 to 1,000.......... ..
6
2
6
8
Iro n o re____ _________ 180 208 28, 516 100.0
17,255 12.1 1 to 6............................. 7 7 20 . i
88,091 61.6 6 to 20........................... 13 13 153 .5
6,983
23,291
4 .9
16.3
21 to 50......................... 20 82 949 3 .3
458,732 100.0 51 to 100___________ 45 46 3,452 12,1
3,970 .9 101 to 250.................... 69 76 9,663 3 3.9
1 1316 2 .7 251 to 500__________ 16 20 6,262 18.5
23,169 5 .1 501 to 1,000................. 10 11
46,624 9 .9 1,001 to 2,600---------- 1 ■ 3
114,505 25.0
116.890 26.4 S a n d a n d g ra v e l_____ 957 1,165 16,994 100.0
67,093 14.0 1 to 6............................. 263 292 976 6.1
47.404 10.3 a to 20____ _____ — 485 661 5.216 8 2.6
27,762 6.1 21 to 60____________ 160 214 4,964 3 1 .0
51 to 100....................... 31 40 2,175 13.6
44,502
} 104
100.0
.2
101 t o 250.....................
261 to 500................
i E x c lu siv e o f 36 e n te rp ris e s o p e ra tin g 36 m in e s w h ic h e m p lo y e d n o w a g e e a rn e rs .
17
1
48
1
} 2,663 16.7
No, 7 6 0 .— M in e s a n d Q u a b r ie s , P r o d u c in g — H o u r s o p L a b o r , b y I n d u s ­
t r i e s : 1929
N o t e .— T h is ta b le d o es n o t in c lu d e d a ta for e n te rp ris e s h a v in g p ro d u c ts v a lu e d a t lo ss t h a n $20,000.
T o a v o id d isc lo sin g d a ta for in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , t h e figures for c e rta in g ro u p s a re c o m b in e d a n d
p r in te d in ita lic s . A n (x ) sh o w s w h e re a n o m issio n re s u lts ______________________________________________
W age
earners
(average
for th e
y e a r)—
to ta l
W A G E E A R N E R S I N M I N E S W H E R E T H E P R E V A I L I N G H O U R S O F L A B O R
U n d e r
36 a n d
o v e r b u t
u n d e r 40
40
P E R W E 3C K W E R E —
O v er 40
b u t u n ­
d e r 48
48
O v e r 48
b u t u n ­
d e r 63
63 a n d
o v e r
A ll i n d u s t r ie s ..
Goal, anthracite..__
Goal, bitum inous....
Copper.........................
Limestone___. . . . . . .
Iron ore__....... ...........
Sand and gravel........
Lead..............................
Zinc_________ ____
Granite.....................
Gold, lo d e ............. .
Gold, placer................
Clay...........................
Slate_____________
Marble____________
B a s a lt...........
Silver____________ _
Sandstone____ ____
Stone, miscellaneous.
Other industries___
792, 895 51,023 6,764 29,293 26,506 528,394 144, 091
142,801
447,125
44,234
31,578
28,516
15,094
13,831
11,861
6,806
5,079
634
4,139
4,027
3,308
3,016
2,451
2,058
1,669
20,468
i N u m b e r of h o u rs n o t rep o rted .
012
49,602
w
118
70
to
78
■91
to
8
123
8,587 26,842
to
to "
460
m
273
" to "
97 696
to
00
' W
(X)
m
~ W
169"
3,180
14, 680
to 807
974
to 4,239
281
925
217
(x)
344
74
633
138,220
320,718
24,416
4,652
15,103
1,273
6 ,6 8 4
5,897
2,326
1,0 7 1
89
744
52
94
406
90
399
381
5,001
29, ^ 7
1 9 ,8 1 8
26,062
I t , O H
11,860
0,734
5 ,8 8 1
2,606
8 ,1 0 8
496
2,021
1 ,9 5 9
t ,9 9 7
2,802
8 ,8 6 1
1 ,1 7 8
892
18,000
7,824
to 860
% 189
463
102
S o u rce o l ta b le s 769 a n d 760: D e p t, of C o m m erce, B o r . o f C e n su s; 15th C e n s u s R e p o rts , M in e s a n d
Q u arries.
to
8
917
' 9 !
222
681

M INERAL PRODUCTION 763
No. 761.— M i n e r a l P r o d u c t i o n , b y S t a t e s a n d f o r Ala sk a: 1932 t o 1938
N ote.—The sum of the State totals in the table below does not agree with the total for the United States
given in tables 762 and 702 chiefly because of the following reasons: 0 ) Figures for certain of the products
included in the United States total are not available by States of origin; (2) the use of iron ore values in
State totals and pig iron values in United States total; (3) the use of mine figures for gold, silver, copper,
lead, and tine in the State totals and mint and smelter figures in the United States total; and (4) the
inclusion of estimates in the United States total for a few products for whioh no canvass has been conducted
for many years and for whioh no estimate by States is made
[Values in thousands of dollars]
DIVISION AND state 1932 1633 1934 1935 1936 1037 1938
(prel.)
Continental U, 8__
Wew England..,.___ ...
Maine........................
New Hampshire___
Vermont;..................
Massachusetts..........
Rhode Island............
Connecticut..............
Middle Atlantic__
New York.................
New Jersey................
Pennsylvania............
East Worth Central..........
Ohio...........................
Indiana......................
Illinois........................
Michigan...................
Wisconsin.,..............
West Worth Central___ _
Minnesota.................
Iowa.._____ ______
Missouri....................
North Dakota...........
South Dakota...........
Nebraska...................
Kansas.......................
South Atlantic.................
Delaware...................
Maryland..................
District of Columbia.
Virginia.....................
West Virginia
North Carolina.........
South Carolina
Georgia................. .
Florida.......................
East South Central.
Kentucky.............
Tennessee..................
Alabama....................
Mississippi................
WeBt South Central..........
Arkansas...................
Louisiana,...............
Oklahom a................
Texas__________ ...
Mountain________
Montana....................
Idaho__ _______ ...
Wyoming..................
Colorado....................
New Mexico____ __
Arizona......................
Utah...........................
Nevada......................
Pacific.............................
Washington............
Oregon.....................
California..................
A laska..,.................
2,286,606 2,822,161 3,034,572 3,262,771 8,965,810 4,672, 594 3,906,640
21,383
3,174
1,352
6,401
8,039
606
1,911
497.988
50.170
23,073
424,734
236,420
87,997
34,003
71,693
34,714
7,414
233, 564
12,273
18,623
29,245
2,380
11,118
1,548
58,471
2 0 0 .9 8 8
300
7,234
1,810
10,927
.166,043
2,466
061
7,400
7,108
96,627
60,076
14,662
19.170
2,719
661,900
15,640
61,097
185,121
390,141
146,301
19,023
9,478
27,343
25,800
20,264
15,204
22,620
0,668
302,489
12,817
2,989
286, 683
16,626
2,694
1,467
6,793
4,917
387
1,661
487,367
42,940
22,680
421,847
261.871
91,140
34, Oil
74.887
64, 223
7,164
186,867
42,472
ID, 166
30,688
2,961
14,669
2,047
67,975
216, 898
136
7,016
423
18,846
172.727
3,366
1,014
7,629
8,844
108,879
66,636
18,785
23,291
2,766
606.728
12,710
64.888
172,661
368.871
160,936
21,602
12,420
22,025
27,259
23,365
12, 571
24,180
7,458
806,927
9,388
3, 506
203,035
17,281
2,352
1,149
4,853
6,165
486
2,270
826, 668
54, 626
26, 010
646,933
317,718
117, 506
89, 417
89, 214
61,831
9,782
306, 240
48, 328
19, 326
32,966
2,560
19,173
2,791
81,118
806,700
272
10,128
407
28,309
241,474
6, 342
1,323
7,080
11,548
144,916
89,042
23.626
29,827
2,621
848,022
16,082
86,211
237,209
609,621
218,624
31,430
16,708
27, 640
39,473
30,079
26,063
32.627
14,703
348,412
12, 946
4,211
331,256
17,228
2,500
O H
5,097
5,650
571
2,656
607,498
58,409
28, 515
520,576
864,097
226,134
42,513
96,484
77,149
11,818
239,712
67,313
21,710
35,800
2,644
22,210
3,229
96,906
826,039
230
10,036
479
30,923
245,4Q2
6,776
1,843
9,804
11,447
169,094
98,486
26,743
31,772
3,093.
904,923
17,609
107,545
251,701
528,069
283,815
62,097
21,364
30,670
44,413
33,502
38,348
41,933
20,988
379,463
13,688
6,590
360,179
22,087
3,123
1,382
6,225
7,559
929
3,317
695,526
71,648
24,421
590,457
406,803
122,684
52,282
117,916
100,646
13,278
315, 936
94.569
28,359
41,361
2,902
23,222
3,844
121,690
$68,004
444
11,168
548
37,296
271,502
9,955
3,433
11,757
12,973
193,166
113,435
31,122
44,763
3,846
1,118,490
21,207
153,358
305,102
538, 643
386,626
65.569
29,966
34,498
56,216
45,942
60,533
01,209
32,693
467,668
22,921
7,081
437,566
24,757
4,129
1, 220
7,043
7,813
863
3,690
708, 951
77,666
31,468
599,817
458, 767
131, 025
54,887
133,438
119,168
15,240
417,055
152,107
26,941
52,446
2,873
23,473
4,838
154,376
405,744
397
10,635
523
46,019
306, 591
11,160
4,022
12,584
13,812
220,658
127,424
34,894
53,519
4,822
1,38B, 432
25,578
182,119
367,444
813,291
543,091
82.087
40,033
41.088
67,339
72,856
94,664
105,062
38,872
610,149
26,658
6,610
476,881
ai, m
3,549
1,147
0,44Q
6,606
912
3,000
570,399
73, 217
24, 409
472,773
374, e r r
104,813
47,892
130,156
81,381
10,037
276,721
61,426
24,794
30,561
2,653
23,583
4,029
129,076
551,451
321
9,408
569
42,370
254,995
14,959
4,364
11,598
12,867
160,539
106,665
32,429
46,296
5,210
1,214,709
29,395
172,307
272,850
740,147
388,668
48,603
31,739
37,304
60,369
63,569
60,766
59,236
27,031
618,862
21,167
7,636
489,949
11,620 12,681 lflf579 18,812 23,738 27,928 27,661
Source: Department of tha Interior, Bureau of Mines; Minerals Yearbook.

N o . 7 6 2 .— M in e r a l P r o d u c t s o p t h e U n it e d St a t e s — Q u a n t it ie s a n d V a l u e s : 1920 t o 1939
N ote.—Data cover continental United States and, for leading products, outlying areas. Certain of the figures represent shipments rather than quantity mined, and Some of the
figures for 1929 are preliminary. Total values of metallic and nonmetallic products include figures which the Bureau of Mines is not at liberty to publish and estimated figures for
certain products for which data aro not available- In some cases, neither quantity nor value can be shown and those products are not listed here but data for them are included in
totals. On the other hand, values for certain products, such as coke, are excluded from the totals to eliminate duplication, since the values of the products derived therefrom, or
of raw materials used, are accounted for under other items. Short tons are 2,000 pounds; long tons, 2,240 pounds
PRODUCT
METALLIC
Aluminum,. .......... ——..................... 1,000 pounds.. 138,042
Antimonial lead1____________________ short tons.- 12,535
Antimony, metal_________________________ do___ 22,785
Antimony, ore and concentrates__________ do_
Bauxite____________
long tons.. 521,308
Cadmium____ ________ ;_____________ pounds.. 129,283
Chromite_________
long tons.. 2,502
Copper,6 sales valuo________________ 1,000 pounds.. 1,209,061
Pcrro-alloys___________
long tons.. 612,808
Gold 7______________________ 1,000 troy ounces.. 2,476
Iron, ore________ ________________ 1,000 long tons.. 69,281
Iron, pig______________________________ do_... 35,710
I/cad (refined),8 sales value____________ short tons.. 476,849
Magnesium (new ingot)_________________ pounds © __
Manganese ore (35% or more Mn.)______ long tons.. 94,420
Manganiferous ore (5 to 35% M n.)__________ do___ 767,664
Mercury, metal___________ flasks (76 pounds net). _ 13,216
Mercury ore________________________ short tons._ 109,000
Molybdemun_____________________ 1,000 pounds.. 35
Nickel__________________________ short tons.. 365
Ores (erude), old tailings, etc.:
Copper........... .......................... 1,000 short tons.. 36,765
Lead-copper, zinc-copper, zinc-Iead-copper. do---- 27
Dry and siliceous (gold and silver)----------- d o ..:. 8,590
Lead.......................................... ...... ...........d o ... 7,200
Zinc-lead______ ._____________________ do__ 12,383
Zinc______________ _____________ . . . . . . .do..., 2,651
Platinum, etc., value, N. Y. 0 _______ troy ounces. 41,544
Selenium_______ _____ _______ ________ pounds.. 92,141
Silver 9________„______________ 1,000 troy ounces.. 55,362
Tantalum ore____ _____________________pounds. 4,000
Tellurium_______ ._______________________ do— ©
1920 1925 1930
140,116
19,667
* 2,624
123
316,540
502,824
108
1,674,870
616,222
2,412
63,925
36,815
654,921
© 98,324
1,448,054
9,053
65, 000
1,154
272
53,262
229
8, 995
8,560
17, 741
3,411
49,643
194,007
66,155
©
QUANTITY
229,037
13,711
21,685
330,612
2,777,762
80
1,394,389
650,240
2,286
55,201
29,905
573,740
559,631
67,035
785,390
21,553
© 3,759
308
47,382
246
7,767
8,080
10,645
5,980
43,502
278,309
50,748
5,100
4,717
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS
1935 1938 1939 1920 1925 1930 1935 1938 1939
119,295 286,882 327,090 41,375 36,430 50,961 22, 070 56,659 64,600
i 16,384 ■24,123 121,995 i;963 3,786 1,393 0 0) 0
3 2,134 0 k 2 473 2 918 *258 0 0 0
3,616 2,730 3,174

Tin (metallic equivalent)--------------------Short tons..
Titanium ore (ilmenite).--------------------------- do—
Titanium ore (rutile)........-------------------------- do__
Tungsten ore (60 percent concentrates).______do—
Uranium and vanadium ores______________ do___
Zinc*9 sales value________________________ do___
Total metallic products (approximate)__
JfONMETALUC
Arsenious oxide_____________________ short tons...
Asbestos________________________________do___
Asphalt, native__________________________ do—
Asphalt, oil (including road oil)___ _________ do__
Barite (crude).-._________________________ do___
Borates________________ ;________________ do__
Bromine_______________
Calcium-magnesium.chloride (75 percent NaCs)
short tons..
Cement------------ , ---------- 1,000bbls. (376lbs. net)..
Clay products....... -..........— ....................................
Clay, raw (sold by producers)_____1,000 short tons..
Coal, bituminous13__________ ____________ do—
Coal, Pennsylvania anthracite_____________ do....
Coke_____ ____________ -___ ____________do.
228,113
120,320
—.1,000 pounds.. 1,161
Emery________
short tons.
Feldspar (crude)____ ____________ -___ Jong tans.
Fluorspar.....................
-__ short tons.
Fuller’s earth-------------------------------------------do—.
Garnet for abrasive purposes_ ....................... d o ....
Gems and precious stones..
Graphite, amorphous_____________________ short tons.
Graphite, crystalline.................. 1,000 pounds.
Grindstones and pulpstones________________ short tons.
G y p s u m ________________
1,000 short tons.
Helium 39______________________________ cu, ft.
Iodine........................................ — ...... pounds.
Kyanite.......................
short tons.
For footnotes, see p. 767.
277
216
35,076
450,015
11,502
1,
27,849
97,079
3,116
568,667
89,598
5 1 ,3 4 5
2,327
13&551
186,778
128,487
5,476
4,
9,632
53,484
3,129
(*)
8
14
5.566
46
1.191
IS, 070
555, 631
12,317
1,258
' 584,850
,1,206,700
228,063
113, 700
1,566
67,870
159,047
4,030
520,053
01,817
51,287
769
185,706
113,609
206,574
8,429
3,536
2,257
37,340
5,678
1,418,363
P)
0)
17 50 106 38 22)
m (*) 0)
(«)
« (*) 702
(8) 8 (5)
2,395 3,044 4,287 102
0) (0 253,687 279,354 2,401
489,361 4X2,184 436,007 491,058 72,907
1.763,675
17,425 12,670 13,160 22,439 2,021
4,242 8,920 10,440 15,459 678
702,777 349,938 477,741
2,167,068
459,848
2,715,104 4,249,226
\
4,860,540
13,199
234, 932 225, 111 309,663 383,609 2,142
177, 360 272,967 219, 513
8,463
249,976 2,173
16,429 33,324 37,882 745
116,160 83,546 96,470 108,441 m
160,846 76,244 108,192 125,057 195,590
373,670
3,963 2,923 2,731 3,761 *11,614
467,526 372.373 33 348,545 33 393,065 2,129,933
69,385 52,159 46,099 51,487 434,252
47,972 3 5 ,1 4 1 32.496 44,327 * 494,246
555 176
765 22
171,788 189,550 196,119 253,466 851
95,849 123,741 80,403 182,771 4,719
335,644 227,745 170,852 167,070 2,506
5,003 3,060 2 ," 4,056 434
265
1,941
(8) (*)
50
0) 8?) .

No. 762.—M i n e r a l P r o d u c t s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s — Q u a n t i t i e s a n d V a l u e s : 1920 to 1939—Continued
QUANTITY
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS

Stone___________________ ______ 1,000 short tons.
Sulfur....................
1,000 long tons.
Sulfuric acid, byproduct (60* B a m n g )* *
1,000 short tons..
Talc, pyrophyllite, and soapstone «......... short tons..
Tripoli_________________________________ do___
Vermiculite____ _____________________ ___ do.
Total nonmetallic products (approximate).
Metallic products____________________
Nonmetallic products (exclusive of fuels).
Mineral fuels.......... ...................................
Grand total (approximate)..
78,5271
1,518
»1,230
210,635
40^ 233
115,851
1,858
1,007
182,256
29,388
(5)
126,996
1,188
179,385
09
2183,159
1,63"
604
172,716
27,375
7,
J1 124,839 ai47,447l 133,5421 174,217
1,629 2,234 30,000 29,000
687
212,775
22,188
20,700
T, 763,175
1,024,755
4,192,910
178,949
35,800
985,790
1,014,510
2,764,500
2187,824
29,300
(») 13,617 7,513 9,544 4,548
253,976 3,035 2,012 2, 10S 1,848
33,474 570
508 383
21,174
c6) 1 (*>
5,217,665 4,295,475 3,779,010 2,916,670
« 139,255
27,300
5,559
2,303
329
192
3,470,500
892,400
650,200
2,820,300
* 158,462
35,500
(£) 2,701
466
175
3.583.000
1.291.000
764,400
2,818,600
6,981,340 5,677,680 4,764,800 8,650,000 4,362,900 4,874,1)00
I Prom both domestic and foreign ores. Beginning 1935, data represent antimonial lead produced at primary refineries from both primary and secondary sources, and are not
comparable with data for prior years; estimate of value of primary antimony and lead contents of antimonial lead from domestic sources included in total value of metallic products,
3 Por 1920,'largely content of antimonial lead; 3925 and 1930, content of antimonial lead. Value of the antimony in antimonial lead excluded from t o t a l value.
3 Largely from foreign ore beginning 1935. Value not included in total value. Bureau of Mines not at liberty to publish value figures or quantity figures for 1938 and 1939.
Value not included iu total value; see hcadnote,
4 Value where not shown included in total value of metallic or nonmetallic products. Bureau of Mines not at liberty to publish figures or not available.
8 Product from domestic ores only.
7 According to Bureau of the Mint; valued at &0.67+ per ounce through 1930, at $35 per ounce in 1935 and subsequent years.
8 Figures not available. Value of products derived therefrom, or of raw materials used, is included elsewhere.
8 According to Bureau of the Mint.
10 Less than $500.
II Figures obtained through cooperation with Bureau of tbe Census. D ata for 1939 not yet available; estimate included in total value of nonmetallic products. Beginning 1937,
value of clav products excludes values of pottery and refractories.
52 Includes brown coal and lignite, and anthracite mined elsewhero than in Pennsylvania.
13 Quantities as reported by Department of the Interior, National Bituminous Coal Division; values are estimated from various sources and include selling expenses.
14 No canvass. Estimate of value in cluded in tofiaf value of n o nm etallie products.
13 Gypsum mined; After 1936, value of crude at mine; for earlier years, value as sold (crude and calcined).
*8 Figures cover fiscal year ended June 30 of year stated.
17 I n c l u d e s m i c a r e c o v e r e d b y g r i n d i n g m i c a s c h i s t ; e x c l u d e d i n p r i o r y e a r s s h o w n .
18 Largely for use in manufacture of pigments.
19 Sublimed blue lead, sublimed white lead, leaded zinc oxide, and zinc oxide.
Jfl Figures include pyrites concentrates f r o m Tennessee and partly desulphurized tailings from zinc operations in ‘Wisconsin; similar output in earlier years was not included.
21 Includes soapstone used as dimension stone.
Si Prom copper and zine smelters and zinc roasters and from roasting of high-sulfide gold and silver concentrates.
23 Includes 23,728 tons of stronger acid, not converted to 60° B aum l
« For 1925 and 1930, figures exclude soapstone. For 1935 and thereafter, figures cover tale, pyrophyllite, and ground soapstone. Dimension soapstone is included in stone.
Value of soapstone In 1925 and 1930 is included in value of nonmetallic products; Bureau of Mines not at liberty to publish figures.
Source: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines; Minerals Yearbook.
MINERAL PRODUCTS
- a
G >
•sj

7 6 8 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
N o . 7 6 3 .— I k o n O b e — P r o d u c t io n , S h ip m e n t s , E x p o r t s , a n d I m p o r t s , 1881
t o 1939, a n d P r o d u c t io n , b y R e g io n , S t a t e , a n d K i n d , 1936 t o 1939
Note.—I n thousands of ion? tons (2,240 pounds), Nearly all exports are to Canada. Blank spaces indicate
lack of data. Since 1005, ore containing 5 percent or more of manganese has been excluded
YEARLY AVER­
AGE OR YEAR
Production
50,502
70,224
52,017
64,052
23,538
63,925
60, 293
61,232
63,433
1926 ______ 67,023
1027_____ 61,741
1928_____ 62,197
1020......... . 73,028 75, COS
1030 ........................................
58,409 55, 201
1031 ........................................
31,132 28,616
1032 ........................................
9,847 6, 381
1033 ........................................
17, 563 24, 024
1034 .................... 24, 588 25, 703
1935......... . 30, 540 33, 426
1036......... . 48,789 51,406
1937_____ 72,004 72,348
1038......... . 28,447 26,481
1030......... . 51, 721 54,821
271
953
1,143
677
1,021
389
631
1,282
1,304
752
430
83
155
609
661
645
1,264
592
1,057
1881-1890-. 10,385
1891-1900- 17. 551
19D1-1910- 41,339
1911-1915- 51, 595
1926-1020- 60, 737
1921-1925- 52,429
1920-1930- 64, 600
1931-1935- 22,732
1925 __________ 61,008
Shipments1
Exports
Imports
766
687
1,180
1,841
987
1,691
2,709
1,166
2,191
2,555
2,621
2,453
3,139
2,775
1,466
582
861
1,428
1,492
2,232
2,442
2,122
2,413
PRODUCTION
Lake Superior2. . .
Binningham.
All other___
STATE
Alabama.........
Michigan........
Minnesota___
New Jersey...
New York___
Pennsylvania.
Utah...............
Wisconsin.......
Wyoming.......
All other.........
KIND
H em atite...
Brown ore..
Magnetite...
Carbonate..
m s 1937 1938 1039
41,781 61, 067 81,808 41,080
4,008 5,963 4,156 5,735
3,000 4, 483 2,083 4, 307
4,180 6,308 4,303 6,961
9,178 12,085 6,004 9,159
31,634 48,417 H, 449 31, 548
160 520 186 399
778
1,132
} 2,025 2,121 2,714
154 101 168 262
970 1,166 855 073
507 708 270 588
06 84 85 118
s «3,364 3 5 2,476 3 5 3, 378
1 1 0
*Excludes ore sold for paint.
1 Includes only those mines in Wisconsin wbich'are in true Lake Superior district.
* Some hematite included with magnetite. 4 Some brown ore included with hematite.
3 Soma magnotic included with hematite. 6 Some brown ore jnoluded with magnetite. 7 Less than 500.
N o . 7 6 4 .— P ig I r o n a n d F e r r o -A l l o y s— P r o d u c t io n , b y S t a t e s , D is p o s i t i o n ,
K i n d , a n d F u e l a nd M a t e r ia l s U s e d : 1900 t o 1939
[In thousands of long tons (2,240 pounds) unless otherwise specified]
Total pig iron and ferro-alloys..
By States:
Now England........................
Now York, New Jersey___
Peunsyl vania_________ ....
Illinois—-............................
Indiana, Michigan_______
Maryland and Virginia___
Alabama________________
Ohio........................................
Wisconsin, M innesota.........
Iowa, Colorado, U tah..........
All other...............................
By disposition:
For sale................................. .
For maker's use___. . . . .__
By kinds:
Baslo........................ *........... .
Bessemer and lo w -p h o s­
phorus................................
Foundry (incl. ferroailicon)..
Malleable............................ .
Forge..............................
Ferrom anganese, spiegeleisen,
and all other______
By fuels;
Coke 2.................................. .
Anthracite.................... ........
Charcoal_______________
Materials used:
Iron ore, briquettes, eto___
Cinder, scale, scrap, etc........
Coke (1,000 tons of 2,000
pounds)1.............................
Limestone____ ______ ____
Total number furnaces Deo. 31.
Furnaces in blast Deo. 81..__
m o m o m s m o m s m o i m m 7 toss tom
13,739 27,304 29,916 36,928 36,701 31,752 21,373 37,127 19,161 31,355
14
463
6,306
1,363
104
781
1,184
2,471
185
708
CO
0 )
1,072
17
2,203
11,272
2,676
1,
771
1,
5,752
307
1,117
0)
(>)
11,240
5,260
848
504
300
26,258
649
397
51,730
2,800
«
14,528
473
206
8
2,105
12,791
2,447
1,987
503
2,040
6,013
373
741
8,
21,333
10,623
4,844
830
310
20,535
85
296
55,137
4,483
33,329
14,790
445
310
10
2,601
13,083
3,281
2,940
953
2,393
8,533
711
1,520
10,724
26,202
12,062
5,958
1,811
318
539
36,300
803
323
60,450
4,986
42,046
17,825
452
216
2,188
12,623
3,604
4,120
830
2,836
8,863
468
r 505
I 702
8,991
27, 710
9, 419
5,410
1, 554
241
409
\ 2,211 1,611
10,305 5,700
3,345 2.003
3,934 2 ,r
1,088
2,395
0. 805
• 805
805
7, 083
24,670
9,088 13,093 10,738 19,667 18,393 13,618 24,781 12,888 22,712
7,315
3,060
1, 572 51
461
9,160 14,008
4,022
17,351
4,239
i , r -
1,206
5
396
3,103
11,1
3,426
4,722
7,185
29,943
6,315
3,230
2,115
22
655
1,494
5,001
1,657
2,347
8, 662
3, 390
15, 770
3,054
1,853
1,002
1
2,335
0,035
2,651
4,274
13, 561
4,449
27,405
5, 331
2,030
1,238
3
540
36,504 31,650 21,298 37,046 19,122 31,811
196 07 75
65,450 353,602235,183 362,087
332, 109
5,017 ......................• 6,296 24,257
•***'" * 6,449 33,321
39,296 331,168
320,272 336,540 318,424 »30,632
15,154 37,523
M3,043 36,435
241
305
238
311, '
300
97
258
124
230
116
44
«53,188
8 6,765
3U, 033
232
105
1Not available.
a Includes pig iron and ferro-alloys made in electric furnaces.
2 Materials consumed in manufacture of pig iron only. 4 Coke and bituminous coal 1900 to 1926.
Sources: Table 763, Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines; Minerals Yearbook. Table 764,
American Iron and Steel institute, annual report.

IKON AND STEEL 7 6 9
No. 7 6 5 .— P ig I r o n a n d F e r r o -A l l o t s a n d St e e l I n g o t s a nd C a s t in g s —
P r o d u c t io n , E x p o r t s , a n d I m p o r t s : 1871 t o 1939
N o t e .—In long tons (2,240 ponnds). Prior to 1901 exports and imports are for years ended June 30 following
year specified; calendar years thereafter. Imports are imports for consumption beginning with
1933. All production figures are for calendar years. For individual years 1871 to 1013 and data for earlier
years, see Statistical Abstract 1931, tables 7S0 and 751
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
Steel
ingots and
Exoorts
castings, YEAR
of domestic
Imports Produc­
productiotion
PIG IRON AND FERRO-ALLOYS
Steel
Ingots and
oastings,
production
Production
PIG IRON AND FERRO-ALLOYS
Exports
of domestic
Imports
1871-1876. 2,248,298 7,412 137,691 1889,799 1923... 40,301,146 37.559 474,723 44,943,696
1876-1880. 2.562.763 3,407 276, 600 803,479 1924... 31,406,790 45.818 276,066 37,931,939
1881-1886. 4,301,096 5,311 326,290 1.652.268 1025... 36,700.666 39,907 516,948 46.393.524
1886-1890. 7,079,312 12,407 229.970 3,292,763 1926... 39,372,729 28.006 514,288 48.293,763
1891-1896. 8,133,014 22.983 64,778 4,676,736 1927... 36,666,646 55,80S 175,529 44,936,186
1896-1900. 11,491,937 224,268 34,308 8,430,938 1928__ 38,155,714 90,743 104,636 51.544,180
1901-1905. 18,239,605 46,465 314,765 16,307.931 1929... 42,613,983 53,749 223,080 66,433,473
1906-1910. 24,024,722 78,618 276,036 22,166,783 1930... 31,762,169 26,344 182,446 40,699,483
1911-1916. 27,518.219 202. Oil 132,761 28.378.470 1031... 18.426,354 15,429 103,640 25,945,501
1916____ 29,916,218 224,609 89,836 32,161,036 1932... 8,781,453 6,938 146,004 13,681,162
1916____ 39,434,797 607,236 135,349 42,773,080 1933... 13,346,602 11,272 196,284 23,232,347
1917____ 38.621.216 666,220 76,786 46,060,667 1934... 16,138,873 13,474 157,387 9 20,055,280
1918____ 39,964,644 269,575 34,711 44.462,432 1035... 21,372,609 17,714 189,197 9 3-1,092,594
1919____ 31,016,364 321,261 101. 606 34,671,232 1030... 31,029,187 23,606 254,000 3 47.767,856
1920____ 36.925.987 210,828 185,944 42,132,934 1937... 37,127,277 818,000 161,272 3 50,568,701
1921......... 16,638,126 28,405 44,842 19.783,797 1038... 19,160,861 460,361 71,436 2 28,349,091
1922____ 27,219,904 33,332 498,059 35,602,926 1939*.. 31,854,651 213,566 115,622 ’47,141,709
11876 only. >Includes only steel castings produced in foundries producing steel Ingots. 3 Preliminary.
No. 7 6 6 .— R o l l e d a n d M is c e l l a n e o u s S t e e l P r o d u c t s— P r o d u c t io n , b y
K i n d : 1910 t o 1939 1
N o t e .— I n th o u s a n d s o f lo n g to n s (2,240 p o n n d s ). B la n k sp a c e s i n d ic a te fig u re s n o t a v a ila b le . T h e
m iscella n eo u s p ro d u c ts , e x c e p t c a s t-iro n p ip e , a re m o s tly f u r t h e r e la b o r a tio n s of p r o d u c ts a b o v e
1910 1016 1920 1226 1930 1936 1938 1939
Hot-rolled products, total............. ........ 21,621 24,393 32, 348 33,387 29, 613 23,986 20, 986 34,826
Rails............... . . . . . _____________ 9,636 3,204 2,604 2,785 1,873 712 623 1,172
Bessemer and eleotric...... .......... 1,884 327 143 10 2 i (0 (0
Open hearth.................................. 1,761 1,776 2,334 2,002 1,835 692 608 1,160
102 127 84 36 19 16 22
Sheets and plates............................. 4,965 6,078 9,338 9,808 6,067 8,691 7,188 12,889
966 1 250 1,196 1,041 439 342 616
1,923 3' 606 2; 557 2,622 1,010 1,373 2,153
1*, 837 2,880 4,007 3,612 5)170 4,745 8,009
l) 093 l' 449 1,632 1,692 1,795 '627 699
' 270 ‘247 *325 201 206 70 111
Wire rods.......................................... 2.242 3,096 8,137 2,846 2,349 2,441 2,109 3,286
Structural shapes.............................. 3 2,267 2,437 3,307 3,604 3,512 1,750 1,860 2,909
Merchant bars.............................— 3,780 4,131 6,130 5,669 4,132 * 3,690 * 2,328 * 4,350
Skolp................................................. 1,828 2,299 3,220 3,230 2,682 1,362 1,253 2,080
Hoops................................................ 202 282 333 206 80 90 67 65
Bands and cotton ties.................... 426 438 389 366 46 25 34 31
630 676 823 600 268 199 463
Rolled forging blooms, billets, etc.. 460 651 447 346 304 340 266 636
Bars for reenforced concrete work_ 241 353 572 820 850 557 784 1, 131
Strip and sheets for cold reduced
1,621 2,377
Strips and flats for odd rolling------ i f 1,942 2,648 1,030 1,631
Blanks or pierced billets............... 1 1,619 1,388 2,204 2,908 < 1,248 953 1,320 1,802
All other rolled products................. \ I 821 1 439 «327 * 511
Miscellaneous products:
Tin plate......................................... 648 983 1,376 1,544 1,660 1,695 1,430 2,237
Terneplate and long terne sheets... 76 73 71 114 103 191 187 273
700 835 1,134 1,046 1,028 1,051 1,442
60 64 80 65 60 63 67
Wire nails---------- --------------------- 667 651 734 690 427 396 430 602
Cut nails and cut spikes................ 46 36 38 33 21 18 18 22
1,920 3,003 3,031 2,247 064 923 1,394
97 119 63 31 16 10 15
140 202 568 1,194 877 1,140 1,549
1,086 792 1,719 1, 282 615 736 999
Forgings made by rolling mills.___ 320 ' 524 540 388 476 3 316 • 253 « 399
1Less than 600 tons. * Boiled on sheet or jobbing mills. 3 Small structural forms not included.
4 Merchant bars include certain miscellaneous bars included In “All other rolled products” prior to
1936. * Excluding electric welding. • Including forged axles.
Sources: Table 706, production, American Iron and Steel Institute, annual report. Exports and im ­
ports, Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, annual report, Foreign Commerce
and Navigation of the U, S. Table 766, American Iron and Steel Institute, annual report.

770 M tin n s rG a n d m in e ral p r o d u c t s '
N o. 7 6 7 .—Iron and Steed, Finished Rolled—Production, Exports, and
Imports: 1876 to 1939
N o t e .—In Ions tons (2,840 pounds). Im ports ore imports (or consumption beginning w ith 1933; general
im ports in earlier years. Blank spaces indicate that figures are not available
YEARLY A V ER­
AGE OR YEA R
(CALENDAR
YEA R)
1878-1880.
1881-1880.
1888-1890.
1891-1805.
1806-1900.
1001-1905.
1906-1910.
1911-1916.
1916-1920.
1919.
1920.
1921.
1922.
1923.
1924.
1925.
T otal
production
finished
rolled prod ‘ Production
ucts
■5,278,214
5,472,849
8,162,500
13,670,907
18,509,490
22,250,075
30,810, 050
911,095
1,273,688
1,710,278
1,204,077
1,881,905
2,896,138
3,238,480
2,760,557
2,629,500
25,101,644 2,203,843
32,347,863 2,604, 110
14,774,000 2,178,818
20,452,004 2,171,770
33,277,070 2,904, 616
28,080,436 2,433, 332
33,386,960 2,735, 257
1920........ ............. 35,495,892
1927 ...... 32,879,031
1928 ______________________
37,662,016
1029__________
1930-..................
41,009,416
29,613,007
1931 ___ 19,176,804
1932 ---------------- 10,451,088 ----------------
1033-...........—
1034.....................
1035-........ .........
1930---------
1937..............
1038............
1939 (prel.)
16,735,080
18,909, 508
23,904,652
33,801,879
86,760,389
20,985,563
34,824,604
3,217, 649
2,800,480
2,047, 493
2, 722, 138
1,873,233
1,167, 751
402, 606
416, 290
1, OlO, 224
711,537
1,219,846
1,445,739
622, 895
1, 172, 000
RAILS
Exports
4,441
3,986
7,275
13,650
232,518
225,746
303,234
378,792
660,821
052,443
594,628
321,822
277,090
267,400
208,496
151,690
187,657
177,593
100, 925
146,060
95,179
33,108
11,320
41,481
69,159
51,672
73,455
148,182
82,721
59,092
Imports
59,851
116,972
49,775
1,047
2,399
43,207
3,903
23,740
21,302
17,008
45,684
22,048
26,629
29,700
43,368
36,872
65,212
16,455
14,019
0,236
8,307
6,007
6,662
6,403
3,073
6,058
7,768
8,298
3,024
7,784
Production
PLATES AND SHEETS
■084,914
755,818
1,403,879
2,094,025
4,064,102
6,382,221
8, 246,245
7, 372,814
9,337,680
4, 260, 674
7,908,397
0,497,717
8,087,883
9,307,659
10,620,056
9,627,734
11,006,060
12,430,312
9,067,880
0,039, 581
3,443,308
6,216,BED
6,375,816
8,691,136
12,162,317
14,036,840
7,166,203
12,389,487
Exports Im ports
1,510
30,995
39,505
158,591
416,404
907,496
1,042,697
1,273,558
607,370
439,417
380,405
360,540
388,012
517,611
408,511
522,057
540,806
346,863
192,830
79,031
108,841
202, 205
226, 552
309, 601
790,356
512,337
651,220
8,013 .
23,894 .
4,771 .
M erchant
bar production
■
6,107 « 3,593,001
4,096 3,479,910
2,875 3, 770,310
1, 570 6, 294,708
2,792
1,076

IKON AUD STEEL 7 7 1
No. 7 6 8 .— St e e l , W i r e a n d W ir e P r o d u c t s, T i n P l a t e a n d T b r n e p l a t e , a n d
C ast-I r o n P i p e a n d F it t in g s— P r o d u c t io n : 1933, 1935, a n d 1937
N o t e .— The overlapping of the industries shown in this table results in considerable duplication in tonnages
shown. The products chiefly used further in m anufacture are wire rods, plates and sheets, blaok
plates for tinning, and slrelp. T he figures under '“ W ire,” “ T in and torneplate," and “ Cast-iron pipe
and fittings” include d ata for products of these departm ents of steel w orks and rolling mills and of all
other industries producing these commodities
INDUSTRY AND PRODUCT
QUANTITY IN THOUSANDS OP
U N IT SPECIFIED
U nit 1833 i m 1937
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS
1933 1935 1037
STEEL WORKS AND ROLLIN G MILLS
All products, total value.. 1,143,889 1,931,318 3,330,491
Unrolled steel, total..------------- --------—_
Ingots—
For sale and interplant transfer........
Produced and consumed in works...
Direct steel castings—
For sale and interplant transfer
Produced and consumed in works...
Semifinished rolled products, for sale
and interplant transfer, total.
Blooms, billets, and slabs, except for
forging.
Rolled blooms and billets for forging..
Sheet and tin-plate bars........................
M uck and scrap b a r ...- ........................
Finished hot-rolled products and forgings,
total.
Produced and consumed in works.
For sale and interplant transfer.......
Rails............................................
Rail Joints, fastenings, tie plates, etc.
Structural shapes (not fabricated) __
Concrete reinforcing bars...............
Merchant bars, mill shafting, etc.—
Steel...........................................
Iron...._________________ _
Dolt and nut rods, spike and chain
rods, etc.
Wire rods..........-...........................
Plates No. 12 and thicker.............
Sheets No. 13 and thinner-----------
Skelp................... -.......................
Hot-rolled strips for cold rolling___
Other Btrips, etc., and cotton ties....
Axles.............................................
Armor plate and ordnance.............
Oar ana locomotive wheels.............
All other rolled and forged products.,
Scrap iron and steel, for sale and interplant
transfer.
Ofndor and scale....... ......-................. .
All other (including value added to
rolled products by further manufacture).
WIRE AND WIRE PRODUCTS (ALL METALS)
All industries, total value,.........
Iron and steel wire:
Plain wire, total 5.............................
For sale and interplant transfer....
Produced and consumed in works..
Galvanized wire: For sale and interplant
transfer.
Other coated wire: For sale and interplant
transfer.
Cold-rolled from drawn wire: For salo
and interplant transfer.
Copper wire:
For sale and interplant transfer.......
Produced and consumed in works,...
Drawn on contract or custom basis
from rods or bars furnished by
others.
For footnotes, see next page.
T o n i .
d o ..
— d o ..
- . d o . .
—do..
.do__
—.d o ..
-do..
.d o ..
.d o ..
...d o ..
— d o ...
-do—
-do—
-do_.
-d o -
-do—
-do..
..do..
-do..
-do..
-do..
-do..
-do..
-do..
-do..
•-do..
-d o ..
..do..
-d o ..
- d o . ..
-d o ..
-d o ..
T o n «.
—do...
—do...
-_do._,
—do...
...d o ...
L b ....
.—do...
—do—
133
22,761
222
66
6,470
3,026
04
2,3360
12
10,101 a 24,318
4,994
11,166
393
108
992
367
2,275
46
34
736
1,404
4 2, —
468
465
742
66
8
69
249
1,031
709
1,962
667
1,296
168
34
15
99,135
169,714
9,673
84,405
237
33,654
406
109
7,4
4,327
201
2,874
18
3 8,149
316,
270
1, 618
523
51
40
920
1,745
* 3,886
702
934
859
43
21
83
3 459
1,637
1,261
2,349
842
1,507
196
37
19
143,581
272,268
12,863
61,699
643
49,790
1,038
128
10,314
7,317
334
2,642
22
37,320
12,163
8 25,157
1,408
400
3,115
814
4,3
71
37
1,040
3,344
4 5,601
1,144
1,359
901
127
20
172
3 1,067
2,942
2,674
2,913
1,038
1,875
229
40
24
258,102
473,901
20,949
9,473
32,296 67,442
137,957
79,499
2,008
56,026
423
495,544
15,157
9:316
35,216
12; 309
107,840
3,348
1,361
26,179
52,460

7 7 2 MINING AND MINERAL PROD'UOTS
No. 768.— S t e e l , W i r e a n d W i r e P r o d u c t s , T i n P l a t e a n d T e r n e p l a t e , and
C a s t - I r o n P i p e a n d F i t t in g s — P r o d u c t io n : 1933, 1935, a n d 19S7— Con.
INDUSTRY AND PRODUCT
QUANTITY IN THOUSANDS
OF UNITS SPECIFIED
IJnlt 103S 1935 1037
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS
1933
1935
1037
WIRE AND W IRE PRODUCTS (ALL
m etals)—continued
Brass and bronze wire:
For sale and interplant transfer...........
Produced and consumed in works___
Electrical-resistance wire, for sale—.......
Other metal wire:
For sale and interplant transfer...........
Produced and corsumed In works___
Fabricated wire products for sale:
Iron and steel—
Nails, brads, and spikes •..................
Tacks *.....................................i...........
Staples..................................................
Barbed w ire........................................
Hope or cable, except Insulated___
Strand, galvanized...........................-
Poultry netting................................. .
Woven wire fence, except poultry
netting.
Fly screening.....................................
Other wire clo th ...............................
Concrete reinforcement wire........... .
Other woven wire............................. .
Motor-vehicle skid chains................
Bale ties.... ...........................................
Wire springs..........._...........................
Welding wire, not inol. electrodes...
Other fabricated iron and steel wire
products.
Nonferrous wire products—
Fly screening—
Copper and bronze............- ...........
Other m etals..................................
Fourdrlnier and cylinder wire cloth
Other w ire cloth—
Copper and bronzo...................
Other m etals.............................
Copper strand, except Insulated___
Other fabricated nonferrous wire
products, except insulated wire.
Fabricated w ire products not distributed
above.
Insulated wire and cable....................... .
TIN PLATE AND TERNEFLATE
All products, total value____
Tin plate___ ____
Terneplate.—_____
All other products..
CAST-IRON PIPE AND FITTINGS
All industries, total value____
Q uantity reported.........
Q uantity not reported..
L b......
..do...
-d o ...
-d o ...
-d o ...
Keg
Lb—
-d o ...
Ton (.
...do...
...do...
...do...
...do...
Lb....
..,.do„
Ton ».
—do...
Lb...
L b -
Lb—.
...d o ...
...d o ...
— do..
..d o ..
. . . do..
L b ...
...d o ..
Ton fl
55,015
7,402
0
14,002
47
101
;»)
:«) 182
49
20
20
42, 986
26, 392
( " ) 28
,433,509
426,843 010,343
620 743
77,925
18,218
10, 585
46,520
1,084
11,081
2,903
44,158
188
106
33
50
284
58,290
47,996
( " ) 23
C“ )
100,770
69,136
13,007
304
3,183
CO
CO
131,783
7,627
— . . . .
* 0,700
24,312
374
1,757
8,008
13,016
2,098
3,725
13,907
6,802
3,130
3,006
4,837
3,330
3,080
24,104
1,681
10,524
2,324
04
3,189
1,227
2,480
2,350
2,255
05,037
161,001
142,434
0,330
2,830
1,098 20,005
2, 509
10,874
- ( f ) —
*9,789
30,021
388
1,053
10,772
20,593
3,125
3,809
17,034
6,335
4,928
4,936
4,798
7,258
6,542
45,135
2,148
38,220
2,998
97
4,113
1,111
750
5,980
2,084
122,228
195,845
175,730
10,593
3,522
40, 392
36, 315
6,077
16,421
"7,303
*14,487
36,064
229
I , 577
II , 178
30,403
4.403
0,092
23,330
8.403
6,070
7,085
5,501
7,108
6,000
73,371
4,132
46,328
4,309
239
4,901
1,688
1,330
22,090
3,273
245,342
285,776
254,289
26,340
0,137
06,212
58,303
7,849
1 Of 2,240 pounds.
! In addition, steel eastings wore produced for sale and for interplant transfer by establishm ents classified
in other industries as follows; For 1933, 14,495 tons valued at $2,508,032; 1935,58,280 tons valued a t $8,254,025;
1037,49,187 tons valued at $9,606,062.
* Includes the production of piercing billots, rounds, and blanks which were not called for separately
prior to 1936. Tho amounts reported for 1036 are as follows: Produced and oonsumed in same works,
888,694 tons; made for sale and interplant transfer, 73,089 tons, valued at $8,920,021. For 1937, producod
and consumed in same works, 1,084,518 tons; made for sale and interplant transfer, 634,292 tons valued at
$24,807,681. For years prior to 1935 data for the tonnage produced and consumed in p lan t and an Indeterminable
am ount of that made for sale and Interplant transfer were reported under “ Blooms, billets, and
< Includes 10,377 tons, valued at $0,011,660 for 1933,13,615 tons, valued at $9,147,802 tor 1936, and 32,863
tons, valued at $21,018,180 for 1937, of stainless-steel plates and sheets n ot reported separately.
1 A ll iro n a n d steel w ire, in c lu d in g t h a t s u b s e q u e n tly g alv a n iz ed , o th e rw is e c o a te d , a n d c o ld ro lle d .
* Of 2,000 pounds.
* N ot called for separately.
1 Includes $313,000 in 1933, $073,000 in 1935, and $214,000 In 1937 tor w hich no quantity was reported.
* N ot including value oi nails and tacks made from nail and tack plate.
i« Of 100 pounds.
u No comparable data; quantity not reported in all cases.
Source: Departm ent of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of M anufactures.

IKON AND STEEL 7 7 3
N o. 7 6 9 .— S t e e l I n g o t s a n d C a s t i n g s — P r o d u c t i o n , b y G r a d e : 1890 t o 1939
N o t e .—I n lo n g to n s (2,240 p o u n d s ). B la n k sp a c e s in d ic a te t h a t fig u re s a r e n o t a v a ila b le
YEAH T o ta l B e sse m e r
O PEN H EA RTH
T o ta l B a sic A c id
C r u -
c ib lc
E le c tric
M is c e l­
la n e o u s
1800.................... — 4, 277, 071 3,688,871 513,232 7 1 ,1 7 5
1000........................... 10,188, 829 6,684, 770 3,398,136 2 ,5 4 5 ,6 s l 853,044 100,652
1910.......................... 26,094,919 9, 412, 772 16,504,600 15,292,329 1,212,180 122,303 62,141
1916........................... 32,161,038 8,287, 213 23,679,102 22, 308, 725 1,370,377 113,782 69,412
1Q20........................... 42,132,034 8,883,087 32,071,806 31,375,723 1,290,172 72,265 506, 687
1926........................... 45, 393,524 6,723,062 38,034,488 37,087,342 947,146 10,582 615, 512
1930.................... .. 40,699,483 5,036,469 35,040,172 34,268,316 780,850 2,253 012, 509
19351........................ 34,092, 504 2,836,031 30,716,429 30, 361, 237 354,192 642 541,402
1937 »........................ 50, 568,701 3,449,927 46, 272,303 45,772, 510 499, 793 034 845, 537
1938 i........................ 28, 349,991 1,880,661 25,964,300 25,691,963 272, 337 0 505, 024
1930 1........................ 47,141, 700 2,009,032 43,223,030 42,704,107 518,830 831 918,810
3,793
4 ,8 6 2
3,194
1,627
1 F ig u re s in c lu d e o n ly t h a t p a r t o f s te e l fo r c a stin g s w h ic h w a s m a d e i n fo u n d rie s p r o d u c in g stool In g o ts.
No. 7 7 0 . — B l a s t F u r n a c e s a n d S t e e l M i l l s — S u m m a r y : 1889 t o 1937
N o t e .—T h e sc o p e o f th o i n d u s t r y “ S te e l w o rk s a n d r o llin g m ills ” Is I n d ic a te d b y ta b le 708
y e a r
N u m b e r
o f e s ta b ­
lis h m e n ts
“W ag e
e a rn e rs
(a v e ra g e
n u m b e r )
WAGES
VALUE OF
PRODUCTS 1
VALUE
ADDED BY
MANUFAC­
TURE *
T h o u s a n d s o f d o lla rs
PRIMARY
HORSE*
POWER
1889.................................................. 719 171,181 80,273 478, C88 151,415 784,368
1800................- ......................... - ............... 668 222,490 120,820 803,068 281,569 1,507,816
1909.............................................................. 054 278,505 187,807 1,377,152 399,013 3,274,285
1919.............................................................. 695 416,748 711,407 3,023,3 6 0 1,321,507 5,300, 574
1023.............................................................. 068 424,913 696,761 4 ,1 6 1 ,9 3 8 1,280,0 1 0 6,999,941
1925................................... .......................... 505 399,914 660,207 3,711,3 5 4 1,281,076 6 ,143,927
1927.............................................................. 602 389,270 645, 634 3,488, 744 1,210,534 6, 781,068
1929........................................................... _ 591 410,534 730,974 4.137.214 1,622,837 7,632,530
1031............................................................. m 278, 206 357,646 1.714.214 623,109 (»)
1933.............................................................. 466 288,946 270,367 1,357, 574 481, 529 m
1935......................................................... .. 408 374,808 458,584 2, 305, 070 893, G81
1037............................................................. 407 502,417 817,778 4 ,003,017 1,624,391
B la s tfu rn a c e s : '
1035 ................................................ 72 16,178 18,016 874,651 73,993 TO
1037 J.................................................. 87 23,075 38,001 672,525 127,644 (?)
S teel w o rk s a n d ro llin g m ills:
1035.................................................... 396 350,630 439,669 1,031,318 810,688 m
1037................................... ................. 410 479,342 7 79,77C 3, 330,491 1,496,747
i In c lu d e s m u c h d u p lic a tio n .
i V a lu e of p ro d u c ts less c o st of m a te ria ls , fu e l, a n d p u rc h a s e d e le c tric e n e rg y . B e g in n in g 1038, d e d u c tio n s
in c lu d e , in a d d itio n , co st o f c o n tra c t w o rk .
» N o d a ta .
i In c lu d e s d a ta for 3 e s ta b lis h m e n ts in 1035 a n d 5 in 1937 e n g a g e d in p r o d u c tio n o f s in te re d o re a n d flu e
d u s t a n d o p e ra te d in d e p e n d e n tly of b la s t fu rn a c e s .
N o. 7 7 1 . — I r o n a n d S t e e l — A g g r e g a t e E x p o r t s : 1890 t o 1939
N o t e .—P rio r to 1922, th e s m a ll ite m s fo r w h i c h 'q u a n t i ty is n o t a v a ila b le a re e x c lu d e d , w h ile in la te r y e a rs
a ll ite m s are in c lu d e d . F e rro m a n g a n e s e is in c lu d e d fo r a ll y e a rs . T h e s m a ll ite m “ s te a m a n d h o t w a te r
h e a tin g boilers a n d r a d ia to r s ,” fo rm e rly cla ssified as h e a v y iro n a n d s te e l, is e x c lu d e d b e g in n in g 1922
[Q u a n titie s i n th o u s a n d s o f lo n g to n s (2,210 p o u n d s ) j v a lu e s i n th o u s a n d s o f d o llars]
YEAR
Q u a n ­
t i t y
V a lu e
YEAR
Q u a n ­
t i t y
V a lu e
YEAR
Q u a n ­
t it y
V a lu e
1890..................
IftOfi
icon
iflna
lfiOR
1900..............
1910..................
iftii
iflia
iftia
1914..................
lftifi
62
89
1,154
1,010
964
1,244
1,638
2,188
2,948
2,746
1,550
3,533
42,518
33,813
43,397
50,777
63,436
86,599
112,535
108,875
63,409
140,993
191ft
1917
191ft
1919
NWft
1921
19M!
1923__
1924 .............
109.fi
109ft
199.7
6,101
6,439
6,375
4,400
4,935
2,213
1,995
2,010
1,806
1,763
2,167
2,183
353,971
667,041
558,279
410,164
458,376
214,830
136,334
167,247
150,494
144,262
174,145
160,609
1028..............-
1929________
1930________
1031________
1932—
1933.................
1034.................
1035________
1036_____ _
1037.................
1038 ...............
1939.................
2,866
3,038
1.083
960
595
1,341
2,813
3,064
3,157
7,679
5,148
6.084
179,881
200,203
130,030
63,226
28,857
45,534
88,691
88,414
112,692
302,360
185,432
236,945
S ources: T a b le 769, A m e ric a n I r o n a n d S te e l I n s t i tu t e , a n n u a l r e p o r t. T a b l e 770, D e p t, o f C o m m e rc e ,
B u r. o f C e n su s, r e p o rts o f B ie n n ia l C e n s u s o f M a n u fa c tu r e s . T a b le 771, D e p t , o f C o m m e rc o , B u r . F o re ig n
a n d D o m e stic C o m m e rc e , a n n u a l r e p o r t. F o r e ig n C o m m e rc e a n d N a v ig a tio n o f t h e U . S . A lso p u b lis h e d
c u rr e n tly in M o n th ly S u m m a r y of F o re ig n C o m m e rc e o f t h e TJ. S .

7 7 4 MINING AND MINERAL FRODTPOTS
N o . 7 7 2 .— I r o n a n d S t e e l — E xports, b y K ind: 1936 t o 1939
N ote.—T his and tables 771 and 773 exclude the highly elaborated m anufactures ol Iron an d steel
ARTICLE
QUANTITY IN LONG TONS
(2,240 POUNDS)
VALUE IN THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS
1030 1937 1938 1939 1 1980 1937 1938 19301
Total_____ ___ __________ ___ 8, 167,407 7, 678,677 5,147,326 8,083,578 112,892 302, SS0 185,482 236,845
Pig iron, not including ferro-alloys1- . 6,316 782,436 432,851 177,024 119 19,403 7 ,1 3 0 3,436
Ferromanganese a n d spiegelelsen___ 460 1,726 247 2,923 27 73 19 248
Other ferro-alloys................................. 2,432 2,780 1,197 4,042 807 2 ,2 0 2 3 ,172 1,025
Scrap......................................................... ., 936,132 4,101,549 2,998,691 3, 584, 439 24,684 79,387 4 5 ,8 3 0 55,011
Ingots, blooms, sheet bars, skelp,
eto........................................................... 01, 602 415,200 227,328 297,440 2 ,886 10,898 8 ,3 7 0 11,484
Iron and steel bars...................................
56,665 169,258 360,831 208, 567 3 ,4 6 8 11,353 10,3 4 1 15,254
Wire rods_____________ _____ ______ 34,872 60,008 22,283 31,450 1,328 3 ,263 1 ,1 1 2 1,330
Galvanized sheets.... ............................. 63,205 81,019 76,037 110,908 4 ,6 8 9 7,470 7 ,0 2 0 9,595
Plates, iron and steel............................ 95,854 386,819 221,108 254,078 4,401 21,507 1 1 ,3 4 4 12,016
Black steel sheets.................................. 140,158 286,510 205,278 269,026 10,003 24,0 1 4 1 6 ,4 4 2 19,609
Black iron sheets.................................. 6,964 10,788 7,600 10,448 456 935 616 812
Hoop, hand, and strip steel.............. 01,910 111,234 62,655 88,952 3, 997 7 ,9 7 0 5 ,1 8 4 6,553
T in plate, terneplato, eto.................... 238,880 860,683 161,676 311,010 23, 753 3 9 ,94Q 1 0 ,0 7 8
Structural shapes, plain material___ 62,077 136,706 83,691 115,465 2,584 6 ,9 8 4 4 ,6 0 7 5,549
Structural m aterials, iabrlcated------- 28,034 73,543 45,313 52,734 2 ,2 0 3 6 ,1 6 8 4 ,4 0 5 4i 308
Tanks, complete and knocked down. 21, 674 44,678 37,730 28,735 1,733 3 ,6 5 1 3 ,2 8 4 2,947
M etal la th ....................... ................... 936 1,751 863 1,656 161 287 ICO 303
Steal rails............................................. 73,455 148,182 82,721 59,092 2, 085 5 ,1 6 7 3 ,1 1 2 2,375
Rail fastenings, switches, frogs, eto .. 12, 90S 21,321 12,830 16,287 94e 1,834 1,104 1,460
Boiler tu b es............................................... 7,387 17,468 8,124 16,170 1, 338 2 ,7 8 5 1 ,6 4 1 1,966
Casing and oil-ltne pipe.................. .. 2 8 ,41C 83,481 63,703 87,905 2, 70C 8 ,3 0 2 0,011 8,717
Seamless black pipe, except casing
and oil-Hne.......................................... 8,924 12.482 7,469 10,219 , 686 1 ,5 0 7 1 ,2 8 7 1,350
Black and galvanized welded pipe__ 25,235 46,431 31,183 57,355 2,181 4j53£ 3 , 17( 5,535
Riveted pipe and fittings.................... 1,12! 980 945 7,574 IK 137 18t 2,110
Cast-iron pipe and fittings................. 19,952 31,176 31,892 46,147 1,611 2,344 2 ,4 7 6 £940
Malleable-Iron aorawed pipe fittings. 3,067 5,385 3,102 4,60S 1,02! 1, 697 1,081 1,441
Barbed-wire and woven-wire fencing. 36,642 36,995 36,157 66,69$ 2,171 2 , 98c 2 , 7 0 1 4,105
Plain and galvanized wire.................. 47,355 56.09t 49,872 60,494 2. m 4 ,8 1 2 3, 777 4 , S IS
W oven-wtresoreen cloth............... .. 1,132 1,683 1,327 1 ,92 4 895 534 43< 704
W ire rope an d w ire strand.................. 3 ,25( 7,821 4,372 6,05? 832 1,841 1,181 1,515
Electric welding rods............................
} 6,361 9,082
f 1,182 1,003
} 1,231 2,001
f 279 378
Wire, other, anam anufactures thereof. 1 6,262 10.296 \ 1, BOt 2,114
Wire nails................... ............................. 7 , 79( 17,401 20,721 2 6 ,79( 47$ 1,311 1 , 37( 1,697
Nalls other th a n wire, tacks, staples. 8.291 4,481 5 ,23f 6,46! 475 661 651 819
12( 17S 10$ 22' u 2) 11 30
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washersJ___ 6,764 11,106 8,057 8,856 1,610 2,750 2 ,0 8 1 2,350
Oar wheels a nd axles............................ 8, SOI 27,777 2 0 ,93f 27,871 B 7i 2,341 1,801 2,545
7,07, 9,579 5,152 4,679 744 1 ,0 8 9 821 851
3,281 3,896 2,452 2,693 678 1,049 08$ 675
Forgings................................................... 3,869 10,118 9,092 16,603 632 1,279 1,124 2 ,0 0 2
i Preliminary.
* Except track.
N o. 7 7 3 .— I r o n a n d S t e e l — E x p o r t s , b y D e s t i n a t i o n : 1937, 1 938, 1939
N o t e .—All figures in long tons (2,240 pounds). Prodnots covered are th o seliste d In ta b le 772
33,033
COUNTRY 1037 1038 10301 COUNTRY
1937
1938 1939>
Belgium _____________
France______________
G erm any____________
Ita ly ,____ ___________
N etherlands_________
Norw ay____________ _
Poland and D an zig ....
R um ania______ _____
U. S . S. R ., Europe
and A sia.....................
Sweden_____________
United Kingdom____
C a n a d a .,___________
C entral America_____
Mexico______________
Britlsb W est Indies
and B erm udas_____
Cuba________________
D om inican R epublic..
N etherlands W est In ­
dies_______________
60,338
30,959
110,012
402,498
194,532
29,730
278,329
1,254
94,154
130,765
1,224,144
642,166
48,893
213,411
14,758
61,451
6,074
26,391
24,744
24,271
241,618
443,802
291,847
17,350
162,900
6,819
68,652
31,419
522,931
368,542
44,979
66,620
9,100
61,765
3,710
26,190
14,820
8,978
16,668
445,489
170,427
46,933
147,887
8,211
28,301
211,709
671,958
566,788
74,371
124,362
10,436
77,666
6,462
17,369
A rgentina...................
Brazil.............................
Chile.................— . . . .
Colombia......................
Peru..........................
Uruguay......................
Venezuela__________
India and Ceylon___
British M alaya_____
China............. ...............
Netherlands In d ie s...
Hong Kong_________
Japan.............................
Kwantung....................
Palestine and S y ria ..
Philippine Is la n d s ...
Turkey..........................
Australia___________
British South Afrioa..
Mozambique_______
All other___________
48,777
109,070
46,708
68,890
27,969
24,754
72.717
35,910
13,168
167,986
40.718
43,632
2, ,784,420 1,
100,358
3,866
96,922
35,830
30,517
64,643
35,626
168,463
28,120
76,461
60,583
57, 608
22,103
5,686
72, 293
20,056
14.608
35.507
18, 512
44,300
806,797
06,100
3,387
106,004
18,778
30.609
43,027
10.508
124,062
66,690
149,663
66.910
77,003
35.910
9,041
93,232
23,617
23,123
92,202
63,609
16,630
,229,883
65,033
9,203
147,688
6,304
10,602
B S . 0 7 0
17,502
197,033
i Prelim inary.
Source ot tables 772 and 773: D ept, ol Commerce, Bur. ol Foreign and D om estic C om m erce; annual
report, Foreign Commerce and N avigation ol the U. S. Figures, except b y destination, a re published
currently in M onthly Summary ol Foreign Commerce ol the U. 8.

IRON AND STEEL, ALUMINUM, BAUXITE 775
No. 7 7 4 .— Iron and Steel— Average Annual P rices, by Glass or K in d :
1891 t o 1939
I P r i c e s of p i g Iron, rails, and billets, a nd w ire rods in dollars p e r long ton (3,240 pounds); other prices in
______________
dollars per 100 pounds]________________________________
YEAR
PIO IRON
Basie,
The
Valleys
Southern,
No. 2,
Cincinnati
Local,
No. 2,
Chioago
>
O pen
h earth
rails a t
m ills in
P en n ­
sylvania
8
Open
hearth
steel
billets,
P ittsburgh
8
W ire
rods,
P ittsburgh
Softsteel
bars,
P ittsburgh
Iron
bars
(best
refined),
P ittsburgh
*
T ank
plates,
P ittsburgh
Structural
shapes,
Pittsburgh:
C om ­
posite
finished
steel *
1891-1895__ 11.74 12.80 Z7.27 20.89 1,46
1898-1900__ 12. 56 14.30 24.00 21.08 7 1.40 1.50 1.61 71,03
1901-1905__ 15.80 17.50 27,87 25.70 1.47 1,77 1.60 1.63
lBoa-iflio— . 16.87 17.66 19. 42 28,00 26.60 1.47 1.75 i. 5 7 1.58 1.77
io n .............. 13.07 13.67 14. S3 28. 00 21.46 1.26 1. 41 1.31 1.82 1.54
1912.............. 13.92 14.03 15.32 28, 00 22,38 1.29 1,44 1 . 3 3 1.32 1.63
1813.............. 14.71 14,90 15. 85 28. 00 26.79 1.55 1,69 1.50 1 . fin
1914.............. 12.87 13.41 13. 60 28. 00 20.09 15 1.32 1. 14 1 ifi
1915.............. 13.74 13. 57 14.01 28. 00 22.44 1 31 l 4R i" ah
.1936.............. 19.76 18.67 20. 26 32.00 43.95 . 2.67 2.13 3. 53 2.55 2 . 67
1917.............. 38. 90 38.96 41. 31 38.00 70.96 8.04 3.83 5.88 3.57 4.19
1018.............. 82. 50 36.66 33. 25 55, 00 47.33 2.89 4.31 3 9.4 2 cm
1819.............. 27.07 32.17 29.11 4 7 . 2 0 4Q. 54 53.98 2,60 4.10 2. 72 2.52 3.12
1020.............. 42. 25 44.52 42.52 62.42 56.14 69.55 8.22 4.75 3. 28 2 . SB 3.74
1921.............. 21. 73 26. 68 22.93 44.00 34. 46 45.94 1.87 4.47 1,93 1.94 2 .4 4
1922.............. 24.20 23.93 24.85 40,75 33.90 40.49 1.72 3.35 1. 72 1.71 2.12
1923........... 25.81 27.87 28. 10 43.00 4 1 . 7 5 50.39 2.36 3.60 2.43 2.43 2.70
1924.............. 20.24 23,91 22.30 43.00 3 7 . 9 9 48.31 2.20 4.00 2.12 2.19 2. 51
1925.............. 10. 50 23,74 2 2 .0 9 43.00 35. 62 46.05 2.02 4.52 1.91 1.99 2.33
1926.............. 18.55 24.71 21.64 43.00 35.00 45.00 2.00 4.02 1.88 1.95 2.32
1827.............. 17.70 21.10 19.68 43.00 3 3 . 2 7 42.44 1.84 4 . 6 8 1.82 1.83 2.20
1028.............. 16.00 10,70 18.54 43.00 32. 67 42,55 1.87 4.04 1.87 1*87 2.17
1929.............. 18.19 18,51 20.00 43.00 34.66 41.50 1.92 4.13 1.93 1.92 2.21
1930.............. 17.98 10.16 18.47 43.00 31. 84 36.91 1.71 4.11 1.69 1.60 2.05
1031.............. 15.85 14.62 17.35 43. 00 29.30 35.03 1.03 3.69 1.62 1.62 1.96
1932.............. 13.98 13.84 15.87 42.44 25.51 37.00 1.67 3.36 1.57 1.57 1.90
1033.............. 15.24 10.31 16.47 39. 20 26.00 36.16 1.64 3.35 1.61 1.68 1 . 8 8
1934.............. 17.69 18.80 18.18 36. 37 2 7 . 1 0 37.37 1.81 3,50 1.78 1.78 2.03
1035.............. 18.17 19.34 18.68 36.37 27.25 38.21 1.81 3.50 1.80 1.80 2.00
1030............... 19.10 19.99 19.60 36.59 29.68 39.12 1.93 3.70 1.85 1.85 2.08
1937............ - 22.90 23.20 23.49 4 1 . 8 6 36.45 49.27 2.40 4.50 2 . 2 1 2.21 2.46
1938.............. 21.70 22.18 22.20 41.77 35.45 44.93 2.35 4.50 2.17 2,17 2.39
1939.............. 21.09 21.64 21.59 40.00 34.00 43,00 2.19 4.40 2.10 2.10 2.20
i A t furnace after 1907. * Bessemer rails prior to Oct. 22,1921.
3 Bessemer billets prior to 1927. * M u ck iron in 1891.
* Beams prior to M ar. 19,1929.
Prior to 1920, No. 24 gage hot-rolled annealed sheets; thereafter, N o. 10. Includes hot-rolled strip
beginning 1920.
i Average for 1898-1900.
No. 7 7 5 .— Aluminum and B auxite—Production, Exports, and Imports:
1913 to 1939
1ft 13 m o m s 1930 1935 1938 1939
BAUXITE
Quantities, long tons (2,240 pounds):
Production______________ _________ 210.241 621,808 3X6,540 330,612 233,912 '311,354 3375,301
Georgia, A labam a, and Tennessee8. 40,370 40,029 20,220 15,339 14,121 ' 18,074 14,045
A rkansas........ ........................... ......... 169,871 481,279 2 0 6 ,8 2 0 315,273 219,791 '293,280 33B1,266
Im ports for consum ption---------------- 21,456 42.805 353,696 409,678 199*059 455,603 620,179
Exports, including concentrates____ 0 ) 22,257 78,633 104,504 82,491 57,726 51,635
Value oi production * (1,000 dollars)___ m 3,247 1,988 1,928 1,657 1,813 2,100
ALUMINUM
Value, 1,000 dollars:
Production—
Prim ary m etal................................... 9,450 41,376 36,430 50,961 22,070 66,669 64,000
Secondary m etal........................ ......... 2,199 0,489 24,816 17,177 10, 018 15,826 w
Im ports for consum ption, total_____ 4,784 18,077 10,107 5,286 4,270 3,379 4,766
Crude and semicrude........................ 4,388 12,184 9,806 4,600 3,694 2,401 3,385
M anufactures_______________ . . . . 395 893 301 596 585 888 1,381
Exports, to ta l..................................... 966 6,631 6,057 7,122 2,067 5,484 23,631
3, 068 3,866 3,916 604 3,912 20,872
. 2,663 2, e e i 8,206 1,873 1,672 2,759
Q uantities,'1 ,0 0 0 pounds:
Im ports (crude and semiorude)-------- 25,095 SB, 290 41, 997 20,401 21,291 17,740 28,673
Exports (crude and semiorude)-------- (0 9,403 12,042 17,830 3,970 12,618 74,170
i Includes small quantity oi activated bauxite.
8 Includes sintered.
! No production in Tennessee since 1928. 4 Unavailable. 1 F. 0 . hi mines.
Sources: Table 774, Iron Age, published Jan. 4, 1940, and American Iron and Steel Institute, annual
report; table 775, Department of the Interior, Bureau ol Mines, Minerals Yearbook.

7 7 6 MIKING AND MINEDAX, PRODUCTS'
No, 7 7 6 .— Copper— Production, Exports, Imports, and Consumption:
1910 t o 1939
Note.—All quantities except ore produced in millions and tenths of millions of pounds. Production
figures include continental United States and Alaska. Owing to the varying stages of production, the
stocks in different classes of hands, the redistribution of copper previously puroliased, the recovery and
use of old copper, etc., calculations of consumption are somewhat uncertain. The American B ureau
of M etal Statistics presents consumption estimates rather widely different from those given below, C onsum
ption as shown represents the q uantity of copper withdrawn on domestic account, b u t n o t actu al
domestic consumption, aa no account is taken of consumers* stocks
1I1D 1920 1926 1930 1935 1967 1938 193D
U N R EFIN ED COFFER
Ore produced (million short tons) i_.
Average copper yield, percent_____
Smelter output from domestic ore—
M ine production................... ...............
Im ports, unrefined:
Ore (copper content)__________
Concentrates (copper content)—
R E FIN E D COPPER PRODUCTION
28.5 36.8 63.1 47.4 19.1 8 01.5 8 37.8 (*>
1.88 1.63 1.64 1.43 1.89 1.29 1.34 p
1,080.2 1.209.1 1,674.9 1,394.4 762.6 1, GOO. 3 1,124.7 1,425.3
1,088.2 1,224.0 1,678.1 1,410.1 761.0 1,684.0 1,115.5 1,460.6
64.2 62.0 107.6 101.3 15.3 32.3 16.0 • 12.3
1 46.8 64.0 66.9 60.4 103.7 124.5 84.0 «72.0

NONim'RO'US' METALS 7 7 7
N o . 7 7 8 .— Copper—S m elter a n d R e fin e r y O utput: 1850 t o 1939
N ote.—Smelter o u tp u t as here given represents the production of unrefined copper from dom estic (Including
Alaskan) ores. Some copper ore is im ported and sm elted in this country, b u t th is appears only
in th e figures of refined copper from im ported m aterial in table 776
[Quantities in millions of pounds} values in thousands of dollars]
PERIOD
SMELTER OUTPUT
FROM DOMESTIC
ORE
Q u a n ­
t i t y
V a lu e
t e a r
SMET.TEU OUTPUT
FROM DOMESTIC
ORE
Secondary
copper
Quantity
Value
R E FIN E R Y O UTPUT (QUA NTITY)
Total i
N ew copper
D om estic
Foreign1
1 8 5 0 ........................ P A 320
1860........................... 16 3,709
1870......................... .. 28 5,007
1871-1875................ 34 8, 895
1870-1880................ 50 9,670
1881-1885................. 118 17,230
1885-1800................ 228 30.345
1891-1895................ 339 37,206
1898-1000................ 531 74,424
1001-1005................ 732 103,859
1900-1910................ 980 150,924
1911-1015................ 1,221 185, 592
101G-192G................ 1,644 395,270
1021-1925................ 1,210 171,276
1923-1930................ 1,720 252, 272
1831-1935................ 668 52,066
1009......................... .. 1,093 142,084
1910........................... 1,080 137,180
1011........................... 1,097 137,154
1912........................... 1,243 205,139
11113............................ 1,224 180, 705
1 9 U ........................... 1,150 152, 088
3915........................... 1,388 242, m
1010................... 1,028 474,288 2,259 1,928 331 700
1917.................... 1,880 514,011 2,428 1,880 642 767
1938................... 1,000 471,408 2,432 1,883 549 705
1919.................... 1,280 239,274 1,805 1,433 372 674
1920.................... 1,209 222,467 1,520 1,182 344 626
1921.................... 508 06,221 951 000 341 435
1922........................ 950 128,280 1,256 005 351 072
1923.................... 1,435 210, 046 1,980 1,464 510 822
1924.................... 1,634 214,087 2,260 1,074 586 777
1925.................... 1,676 237,832 2,205 1.683 522 840
1926........................ 1,740 243,647 2,322 1,731 501 960
1927.................... 1,684 220, 609 2J26 1,710 607 980
1928.................. 1,826 262,930 2,488 1,792 690 1,073
1929.................... 2,003 352,504 2,740 1,083 757 1,263
1930.......... ......... 1,394 181,271 2,157 1,391 766 934
1931____ . . . . . . . 1,043 94,887 1,601 1,075 427 604
1933.____ ____ 544 34,273 681 445 236 496
1933_________ 450 28,800 742 481 200 576
1934.................... 489 39,076 891 466 425 765
1935.................... 703 63,295 1,178 077 501 898
1936.................... 1,223 112,499 1,646 1,291 354 969
1987___________ 1,660 201,088 2,134 1,645 489 1,064
1938.................... 1,126 no, 2 ia J, 585 1,105 4 8 0 7 20
1039................... 1,426 148,236 2,010' 1, 410 000 999
1 Figures for 1919 and prior years include d ata for refined copper im ported.
Source; D epartm ent o f t h e I n t e r i o r , B ureau of M ines; M inerals Yearbook.
No. 7 7 9 .— C o p p e k — E x p o r t s a n d I m p o r t s : 1891 t o 1939
N ote.—E xports aro those classed as “ dom estic” in the foroign trade statistics b u t include copper sm elted
or refined in the U nited States from im ported ore or unrefined metal. Values include all forms of copper.
Quantities represent all copper except th e small item , “ other m anufactures.” Copper content of exports
of ore for years 1891-1915 and of im ports for years 1804-1003 was estimated
[Quantities in short tons (2,000 pounds); values in thousands of dollars]
YEARLY AV­
ERAGE OR
YEAR
Q u a n ­
t i t y
EXPORTS
V a lu e
Q u a n ­
t it y
IMPORTS
V a lu e
YEAR
Q u a n ­
t i t y
EXPORTS
V a lu o
Q u a n ­
t i t y
IMPORTS
V a lu e
1891-1895
1890-1000 K __
1901-1005 i . . ~
1906-1910 ‘____
1911-1015 i . ___
1916-1920
1021-1925...........
1026-1030.____
1931-1985...........
65,586
137,684
190,4 6 1
289,445
416,840
376,877
438,337
491, 290
246,658
14,392
36,745
6 4 ,9 4 2
62,334
123,656
208,009
129,761
149,999
39, Q20
5,477
24,634
83,237
130, 111
170,635
244,948
298,076
407,630
211,138
1927 ----------------------------------------
638, 366 160, 214 350,181
1928 ................... 562,510 169,831 393, 037
808
6,800
22,611
38,026
46,129
103,806
77,811
108,244
29,6 6 2
84, 903
98,187
1929 __________________________
499, 237 183,405 487,156
1930 ..... 376,647 105,342 408,577
1931 ____ - _____
1032.....................
278,937
164, 111
54,748
21,236
292,946
195,996
1 9 3 3 . .._______
1 934. .................
1935. __________
1 0 3 6 - ...............
1037......................
1938.....................
174,627
312, 743
302,873
262,417
350,317
422,014
24,917 3 126,639
49,765 3 199,538
48,033 3240,528
50,663 *183,788
93,626 *227,470
86,809 * 205,718
1039...................... 427,579 97,185 *230, 069
158,710
104,616
48,745
23,736
> 1 4 ,8 3 4
3 27,780
3 33,213
> 2 9 ,8 8 4
> 62,662
> 37,872
> 44,230
i Fiscal years ended June 30.
s Average for period July 1,1915, to Dec. 31, 1920.
3 Im ports for consumption; general im ports prior to 1933.
Source: D epartm ent o f C o m m e r c e , B ureau of Foroign and Domestic Commerce; annua) report, Foreign
Commerce and Navigation of the IT. S. Also published currently in M onthly Sum m ary of Foreign Commerce
of th e TJ. S.
2 6 7 7 0 6 ° — 4 1 ------- 5 1

778 MISTING AND MINERAL PRODG'OTS
No. 7 8 0 .— L e a d , R e c o v e r a b l e — M i n e P r o d u c t io n , b y S t a t e s a n d f o r
A l a s k a : 1920 t o 1939
[In short tons (2,000 pounds)]
STATE m o 1925 1930 i m 1930 1037 | 1938 1939 1
Total................................... 493, 814 084,430 658,513 831,103 372,919 464,892 369,726 413, 979
Western States and A laska___ 248,181 364,387 312,413 193,430 218,387 264,468 202,068 209, 214
Alaska__________________ 875 789 1,366 670 941 823 994 937
Arizona_________________ 8,935 11,938 4,246 7,783 10,688 12,354 10,671 10, 771
Colorado_______________ 23,816 31,483 22,130 6,673 7,267 9,786 9,465 8, 222
Idaho__________________ 118,685 126,521 134,058 79,020 01,339 103,711 92,177 90, 081
M ontana_______________ 14,846 IS, 705 10,653 15,589 19,069 17,957 9,327 16, 655
N evada_________________ 10,100 12,238 11,529 12,676 10,712 9,347 4,679 4, 236
New Mexico________ ____ 1,435 3,210 10,378 7,289 6,626 6,512 4,940 6, 392
U tah........................................ 86,808. 153,335 116,496 63,510 69,886 89,458 65,657 07, 034
W ashington.......................... 2,749 2,814 676 103 840 2,830 4,284 3,718
O ther__________________ 2,413 3,294 1,983 1,128 1,029 1,690 860 768
Central States______________ 246,780 317,875 237,633 132,682 148,536 204,885 158,873 198,481
Kansas_________________ 16,462 22,775 12,910 10,892 11,409 16,008 15,239 13,697
M issouri________________ 161,812 211,606 109,032 97,493 110,428 157,631 122,027 160, 281
Oklahoma______________ 64,086 79,946 23,052 23.406 25,427 29,840 21,004 27,720
O ther___________________ 4,480 3,088 1,939 892 1,272 1,406 003 783
Eastern S tates______________ 11,903 2,677 8,367 4,982
] \
5,996
i
5,539 7,900 0,284
Tennessee_______________ 1,880 448 ^ 8,367
2,229 1
4,982 1
(
5,996 ) 5,539
1
7,896 6,284
N orth C a ro lin a ................. 4
* Prelim inary. * Includes small quantities produced in M assachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Georgia.
No. 7 8 1 .— L ead—P roduction of Repined P rimary and Secondary L e a d ,
1830 to 1939, and by Class and Source: 1880 to 1939
N o t e .—Production in short tons (2,000 pounds); 7aloes, except price per pound, in thousands of dollaxa.
Figures, except those for antimonial and secondary lead, relate to new (prim ary) lead only; to tals in ­
clude lead derived from hoth domestic (including Alaska) and foreign ore. General production figures
and production of desilverized lead exclude lead content of antimonial lead, shown in next to last colu m n
1830.
1840.
1850.
1860.
1870.
1880.
1886.
1800.
1805.
1898.
1899.
1000.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
8,000
17.000
22.000
16,600
17,830
95, 726
126,192
167,844
235,822
302, 148
298,047
367,773
371,032
307, 892
368, 939
393,452
388,807
YEAR
Value
i, n o
• 2,247
9,573
10, 095
14,206
15, 093
22,963
26,824
32,304
30,909
30,167
30, 991
33,837
36,501
1906.
1907.
1908.
1009.
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1015.
1916.
1917.
1918.
1919.
1020.
1921.
1922.
TEAS
CLASS
Desilverized
1 *
Soft
u n d e ­
silv e r­
ized •
Productlon
Production
Value T E A R
404,746 46,141 1923.............. 618,322
413,389
396,664
43,810
33,311
1924..............
1925..............
690,493
760,969
446,909 38, 434 1926.............. 798,941
470,272 41,384 1927.............. 796,530
486,979 43,828 1928.............. 781,071
480,894 43,280 1929............... 774,633
462,460 40,696 1030.............. 643,033
542, 122 42,286 1031.............. 442,764
550,055 51,705 ,1932............... 281,941
571,134 73,817 1933.............. 263,676
610,709 105,052 1034............. 311,236
040, 195 90,908 1936.............. 324, 560
482,220 51,116 1036.............. 399, 156
529,657 84,745 1037.............. 467,317
448, 589 40,373 1038.............. 383,660
532,662 58,503 1039.............. 484,035
SOURCE
Domestic
ores Foreign
and ores
bullion *
Foreign
base
bullion
Production
Average
value
per
pound
Antimonial
lead, a t
Value
86, 505
110,479
133,453
127, 831
100, 303
90,004
97, 004
64, 303
32, 706
10, 916
19, 612
23, 031
25, 905
30, 722
65,143
35, 298
45, 499
prim ary
refineries
Seco
n d a ry
lead r e ­
covered,
t o ta l
1880........................................................ 68,035 27,690 95,725 $0.050 «
1S90........................................................ 126,493 31,351 139,720 18,124 . 045 ( V
1900......................................................... 310,752 48,021 2601918 iha'fl/tf .044 (*S
1910......................................................... 328,954 141,318 378,402 18,065 70,305 .044 55. 422
1920....................................................... 339,803 189,854 476,849 8,414 44,394 .080 124, 060
1925......................................................... 506,409 250,660 654,921 47,024 65, 024 .087 w 220, 880
1930........................................ ................ 441,672 201,361 573, 740 34.348 34,045 .050 24,797 255, 800
1935......................................................... 227,777 96,783 310,605 13,669 396 .040 10,384 270,400
1936________________ ___________ 287,406 111,750 387,698 11,401 57 .046 23,230 262, 900
1937-.......... ... ...................................... 327,368 139,949 443,142 23.393 782 .059 27,524 275,100
1938---------------------------- ------------- 275,877 107,792 331,964 32,862 18,843 .046 24,123 224,900
1039....................................................... 345,705 138,330 420,967 24,652 38,416 .047 21,995 241, 500
i Desilverized soit lead is Included.
3 Soft lead, both desilverized and undesilverized, includes lead derived from M issouri ores and o th er n o n -
argontiforous ores. i Excludes lead content of antimonial lead. * N ot available.
Source of tables 780 and 781: Department of the Interior, Bureau oi Mines; Minerals Yearbook.

SPONTEB&OUS METALS 779
No. 7 8 2 .— Lead— Supply and D istribution op Repined P rimary P ig :
1910 t o 1939
N ote.—-All data In short tons (2,000 pounds). Apparent deliveries are only approximate, as no account
(except for bonded warehouses prior to 1933) is taken of changes in stocks
1910 1920 1925 1930 1935 1937 1938 1939
Supply, total........................ ......... 473, 836 566,610 778,035 644,570 326, 882 469,556 385, 574 489,423
Stock in bonded warehouses.
Jail. 1...................................... 79 234 6,046 1,328 P) to P) P>
Imports of pigs, bars, and old. 3,485 35,719 7,021 200 a 1, 322 2,238 1,906 5, 388
Production from dmnestio
and foreign ore..................... 470, 272 529,057 766,968 843,033 324, 500 467,317 383, 609 484,035
Deductions, total____________ 69,861 21,416 111,681 49,686 6, 982 20,091 3 46, 888 74,392
Exports of pigs, bars, etc.1— 69,786 20,003 103,519 48,307 6,982 20,091 s 45,806 74,392
Stock in bonded warehouses
Dee. 31.......................................... 75 1,322 8,182 P> P> p> p) c)
Apparant deliveries to domesfcio
consumers........................... 403,875 544,195 667,354 594,936 318,900 449,464 339,708 415,031
1 Stocks of pigs, bars, etc., in bonded warehouse n o t separately reported after April 1930; included with
base bullion. For purpose of calculating apparent deliveries in 1930 and subsequent years, stocks in ware*
house are estim ated to have remained unchanged from beginning of the year.
3 Includes small quantities of old, reclaimed, and scrap lead.
3 Includes a small quantity, not separable, of '‘sheets."
* Including small quantities of foreign lead reexported through 1935,
Source: D epartm ent of the Interior, B ureau of M ines; M inerals Yearbook.
No. 7 8 3 .— N onferrous M etals and A lloys, and F inished Products T h ereof—
P roduction, by Kin d : 1933, 1935, and 1937
N ote.—T able shows products made for sale and interplant transfer, excluding those made for consumption
in same workB. D ata represent production of commodities specified, whether made as prim ary or as
secondary products by industries reporting them . The census designations of industries in which
these commodities are made as p rim ary products are as follows: “ Nonferrous-metal alloys; nonferrousmetal
products, except alum inum , not elsewhere classified;” and "Smelting and refining, nonferrous
metals other than gold, silver, and platinum , not from the ore.” N o data are included for establishm ents
engaged in smelting and refining concentrates containing copper, lead, sine, and other nonferrous metals
Ingots and pigs;
Copper (secondary)___________________
Lead (secondary)_____________________
Zino (secondary)_____________________
Brass and bronze--------- ----------------------
Antifriction bearing m etal--------------------
Solders, of all kinds____ ______________
Type m etal__________________________
Plates and sheets;
Brass and bronze_____________________
Copper____________________ ;_________
Lead________________________________
Nickel alloys_________________________
Zinc_________________________________
Rods:
Brass and bronze-____ _______________
Copper........... —................— .............. .........
Nickel an d other metals and alloys_____
Extruded shapes-----------------------------------
Tubing (seamless) and pipe;
Brass and bronze...........................................
Copper.............................................................
Lead..................................- ______________
Nickel alloys...................................................
Other tubing.................................. ..................
Castings, rough:
Brass and bronze:
Q uantity reported.................... ................
Q uantity n ot reported--------- ------------
Copper................................... ..........................
Nickel alloyss................................. ...............
Finished products;
Oastings, finished_________ ___________
Bearings and bushings (including an tifriction
linings)_____ _______________
D ie oastings..............................—_________
Forgings and hot-pressed p arts-------------
Bells____ ____________ _____ ____ _____
TONS (2,000 POUNDS)
1933 1935 1937
29,277
119,095
23,337
58.641
12,814
26,740
22,428
117,559
69,287
12,284
10.641
24,957
08,821
80,470
38,730
29,575
13,485
792
29,281
129, 512
31,058
74, 388
19,638
38,950
23,381
163,364
93,014
17,332
14,881
49,931
94,261
111,334
47,834
33,992
16,829
1,304
8 6,543 51, £
1,367
8,313
1,820
2,256
39,800
125,520
47,918
138,762
40,970
58,540
34,756
195,822
104,366
22,503
17,899
63,744
139,743
199,374
78,865
57,999
22,965
1,918
126,281
8,901
4,233
VALUE (THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
1933 1935 1937
4,180 4,935 9,499
9,913 11,429 15,437
2,037 3,044 6 ,2 2 1
8,018 l 14,381 34,348
4,324 i 6,620 11,674
11,241 >16,720 28,622
2,762 14,234 6,258
28,754 44,006 78,798
17,237 20,143 36,350
1,537 2,309 3,776
6,710 7,713 10,795
4,306 8,131 12,342
14,279 23,894 43,240
12,588 22,387 44,080
4,229 6,400 8 , 700
1,438 5,966 fl, 077
10,780 16,620 34,870
9,066 12,030 20,282
1,963 2,465 3,928
600 1,522 2,166
520 1,399 2,183
11,917 10,156 49,354
4,858 14,303
684 1 7 7 1 2,214
2,838 >2,480 4,490
3,530 4,356 3,475
9,533 21,209 43,255
7,962 20,267 28,073
1,781 2,728 6,837
161 351 407
i N o t Including the value of ingots an d pigs for which no q uantity was reported as follows: B rass and
bronze, $197,000; antifriction bearing m etal, $1,186,000; solders, $2,010,000; type m etal, $214,000.
1 N ot including the value of castings for which no q u a n tity was reported as follows: Copper, $844,000;
nickel alloys, $410,000.
» Includes nonierrous heat-corrosion-resistant alloy castings.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.

780 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
No. 784:.— Zinc— P roduction op Orb, by S ta tes, S m e lte r P rod u ction , and
Prim ary Slab Zinc A v a ila b le fo r Consumption: 1910 t o 1939
N o t e .—The excess of mine production over smelter production Is due chiefly to export of ore
[All quantity figures in short tons (3,000 pounds); values in thousands of dollars]
1910 1920 1925 1930 1935 1937 1038 1939 1
Mine production (recoverable
zinc content of ore). „ 327,618 687, 524 710,847 696,426 617,903 626,362 616,703 683, 807
Arizona.................................. 2,742 729 3,666 815 3,337 5,026 5,814 6,711
Colorado................................ 38, 646 24,395 80,811 30,260 1,202 4,247 4, 563 1,830
Idaho...... ............................... 2,802 13,906 15, 019 37, 649 31,053 54,190 44,030 47, 540
Kansas................................... 13,226 61,078 118,778 74,304 64,110 80,300 73,024 68,071
Missouri................. ........... 128, 589 24,509 14,794 10,811 7,203 20, 000 10,226 16,096
M ontana... ........................... 15,819 92,169 57,658 26, 421 54,781 39,168 8,844 34,790
Nevada.................................. 1,354 5,349 7,411 14, 684 16,636 14,236 8,044 0,228
New Jersey............................ 68,684 78, 511 89,261 97, 626 85,70S 101, 408 85,839 88, 710
Now Mexico______ ______ 9,044 5,007 9,246 32,706 22,126 23,027 28,230 20,360
5,654 6,158 22,471 23,720 32, 690 20,806 36,014
Oklahoma............................. 6,394 219.727 283,371 136.153 129,763 135,606 112,924 140,379
Tennessee.......— .............. 006 19,217 10,25Q »48,147 »48,832 a 55,255 a 50, 706 250,226
U tah.-.................................... 8,184 4,079 26,306 44,495 31,107 48,001 33,658 34, 520
213 609 362 1 4,116 11,402 10,131
Wisconsin_______________ 26,927 27,285 20,230 12,658 8,923 6,938 2; 073 5,004
Other S ta te s...___ ______ 6,439 5,541 11,673 16 441 555 474 1,372
Smelter production_____ ____ 310,407 606.227 634,376 547,345 0 621,444 4B8,611 660,499
Primary zinc______ ______ 269,184 463,377 672,940 498,046 420,634 550,904 446,341 507,230
From domestic ore______ 252,479 460,045 555,631 489,361 412,184 551.165 436,007 401,058
From foreign ore________ 16,705 13,332 17,315 8,684 ‘ 8,460 i 5,739 ‘ 10,334 ‘ 16,178
Secondary zinc.................... 41,223 42,850 61,430 49,300 0 64.540 42,270 53.263
Redistilled_____________ 12,784 21,371 39,181 ‘ 34,849 28,660 61,554 31.613 60, 428
Remelted______________ 28,439 21,479 22,249 14,451 0 12, 986 10,657 2,335
Value of primary product
from domestic ore ($1,000). 27,268 72,907 84,456 46, 979 80,272 71,651 41,857 51, 070
Primary slab zino:
Supply, total......................... 281,379 500,170 593,700 584,230 549,861 649,612 532,715 695,707
Stock atsmcltors, Jan. l ... 11,208 36,793 20,754 85,904 124,783 55,600 70,144 157.611
Production.____ . ______ 269,184 463,377 672,946 498,045 420,034 556.904 446,341 607,238
Imports for consumption.. 989 to w 281 4,444 37,208 7,230 30,060
Deductions;
Exports________ ______ 73,990 102,178 76,351 4,633 1,617 249 ‘ 200 4,616
Stock at smelters, Doc. 31. 23,232 71,037 13,080 167,293 90,639 79,144 157, 511 83,728
Apparent d e l i v e r i e s to
domestic consumers.......... 254,187 326, 955 604,269 412, 304 457,705 570,219
375,004 807,464
>Preliminary. * Includes Virginia. 1 Figures are being revised.
* Derived from Mexican ores in 1935; mostly from Peru, 1937-38; and from Mexico, Peru, and Argentina
in 1939.
* Includes small quantity of secondary electrolytic sine. 5 Less than one-half of 1 ton.
* Includes plates and sheets; not separately reported. ! Estimated; not separately recorded.
Source: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines; Minerals Yearbook.
No. 7 8 S.— Zinc, P rimary—Smelter P roduction F rom D omestic Or b : 1875
to 1939
[Quantities in short tons (9,000 pounds); values1 in thousands of dollars]
YEARLY
AVERAGE OR Quantity
Y EA R
Value
YEARLY
AVERAGE OR
YEAR
Quantity
Value
YEAR
Quantity
Value
15,333
18803............ 23,239
1885.............. 40,688
1886-1890.__ 54, 285
1891-1896— 82,396
1898-1900.__ 100,963
1901-1006.— 169,504
1900-1910— 219,378
1911-1916— 340,867
1016-1920— 508, 731
12,217
2,277
8, 510
6,219
6,787
10,180
17,067
24,166
52,416
00,812
1921-1 9 2 6 ..-. 426,261
1920-1030— 576,395
1931-1 9 3 5 .... 314,641
1923.................. 508,885
1924_________ 516,831
1926.................. 556,631
1926_________ 611,991
1927.................. 576,960
1928.................. 591,525
1029.................. 612,136
66,149
73,119
26,432
69,134
67,068
84,466
91,799
73,851■
72,166
80,802
1930................... 489, 361
1931—_____- 291, 098
1 9 3 2 ................ 207,148
1933................... 300,010
1 034.................. 355,366
1935................... 412,184
1936................... 491,803
1 9 3 7 --______ 551,165
1938................... 430,007
1939................. 491,068
46,970
22,102
12,429
25,705
30,561
36,272 ■
49,ISO
71,651
41,867
51,070
i Values at New York prices, np to and including 1907; at St. Louis prices, J908to 1914; a t average price
of all grades, 1916 and later years,
i Computedat yearly average of high andlow monthly prices at New York. ■ .
i Oensus year ended May 31.
Source: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines; Minerals Yearbook. .

GOLD A N D SIL V E R 7 8 1
No. 7 8 6 .—Gold and Silver—P roduction in Continental United States,
Alaska, P uerto Rico, and P hilippine I slands: 1792 to 1939
N ote.—T he value of gold, in term s o f m oney, being a t a fixed rate, is n o t show n In th e table. Gold is valued
at $20.67+ per fine troy ounoe from 1837 through 1933. In 1933, how ever, varying higher prices prevailed
subsequent to th e Executive order of Aug. 29. T h e value of gold production (or 1933, as com puted by
the B ureau of M inos, was $65,338,000, Including $52,842,000 calculated a t legal coinage value ($20.67+per
ounce) plus $12,488,000 prem ium calculated a t average w eighted price ($25.BO per ounce). On Jan, 31,
1934, thelegal value of gold w as fixed a t $35 per fine ounce. T h e value of silver given is commercial value,
exoept for 1921 to June 1923 and beginning 1934 (see footnotes l and 2), w hich has differed m aterially from
coinage value
[Figures are totals tor period or for year]
CALENDAR YEAR OR
PERIOD
Gold,
1,000 fine
ounces
Silver,
1,000 fine
ounces
Silver,
value,
1,000
dollars
CALENDAR YEAR
G old,
1,000 fine
ounces
Sliver,
1,000 fine
ounces
Sliver,
value,
1,000
dollars
1792-1847................ . . 1,187 310 405
1848-1850.................... 4,838 110 152
1851-1865.................... 14,271 194 250
1856-1860.................... 12,384 aoo 418
1801-1805.................... 10,716 28,811 38, 074
1860-1870.................... 12,220 49,113 06, 201
1871-1875.................... 8,826 121,083 156, 270
1878-1880.................... 10,301 157,681 182,506
1881-1885.................... 7,730 182,841 202,807
1886-1890.................... 8,078 231,819 227, 495
1891-1895..................- 9,107 287,057 227,950
1898-1900.......„........... 15,729 279,544 172,689
1901-1005................... 19,394 278, 798 169, 543
1906-1910................... 22,993 277,333 162,910
1911-1915................... 22,908 338,384 189,620
1918-1920.................... 17,240 326,009 298,852
1921-1925................... 12,229 314,190 259,162
1928-1030_________ 11,269 293,692 159,829
1931-1935............... - 14,102 156,565 77,948
1898........................ 2,668 58,835 39,656
1897______________ 2,775 63,800 32,316
18AR 3,118 54,438 32,118
3,437 64,765 32] 859
tflon.. 3,830 67,647 35,741
1991 3,806 56,214 33,128
1992 _ 3,870 56, 600 29,416
1993 . 3,560 54, 300 29,322
1004 3,892 67,883 33,456
1995 . ___ 4,266 56,102 34, 222
ieoG.......................... 4, 505 56, 518 38, 250
1907.......................... 4,875 56, 515 37,300
1 9 0 8 ................. ......... 4,674 62,441 28,051
1009........ ................... 4,822 64,722 28,456
1910.............................. 4, 657 67,138 30,855
1911............................. 4, 687 60,399 32,610
1912......................... 4,621 63, 767 39,108
1018............................ 4,300 66,802 40,348
1914.............................. 4,573 72,455 40,068
1916............................. 4,888 74,961 37,397
1910......................... 4,479 74,416 48,963
1917______ ________
1918____ ____ _____
4,051
3, 321
71,740
07,810
69,078
66,485
1919______ _____ _ 2,919 56,682 63,534
1920______________ 2,476 66, 362 60,802
1921............................. 2,422 63,052 >63,062
1922............................. 2,303 50, 240 1 56,240
1923.................... .. 2,603 73,335 '80,136
1024............................. 2,529 65,407 43,823
1926............................. 2,412 66,155 45,912
1926............................. 2,336 62,719 89,136
1927............................. 2,197 00,434 34,206
1928............................ 2,233 68,463 34,201
1929............................. 2,208 01,328 32,688
1930............................ 2,286 60,748 19,638
1931.......................... 2,396 30,932 8,970
1932............ ...... 2,449 23,981 6,763
1933........................... 2,656 23,003 8,051
1934........................... 3,091 32,725 121,156
1835........................... 3,609 45.924 >33,008
1930............................ 4,357 03,812 ' 49,423
1937....__________ 4,806 71,942 > 65,647
1038......................... 6,090 62, 665 140, 611
1939............... ............. 6,611 06,120 >44,202
STATE O R T E R R IT O R Y
Q O L P, 1 ,0 0 0 V IN E O U N CES
S n .V K R , 1,(100 V IN E OUNCES
m o m o 1939 1938 1039 1010 1920 1039 1938 1939
Silver,
value,
1939
(1,000
dollars)*
Total................. 4,867 2,476 2,286 5,090 6,811 57,138 65,362 50,748 62,696 65, 120 44,203
Alaska_____________ 787 413 407 660 671 164 822 392 504 208 202
Arizona— ________ 165 240 149 306 316 2,656 5,432 4,010 7,483 7,436 6,048
California______ ____ 989 716 450 1,318 1,425 1.792 1,056 1,434 2,004 2,604 1,708
Colorado___________ 093 363 218 376 371 8.523 6,107 •1,852 7,806 8,200 5,570
Idaho................:_____ 60 23 21 98 115 7,027 7,365 9,710 18.307 37, 239 11, 702
262 612 11 106 102 99
M ontana.._____ ____ 180 92 47 188 256 12,283 13.203 8, 597 0,762 8,927 6, 060
Nevada____________ 913 175 140 280 351 12,308 7,482 4,179 4,115 4,517 3,060
New Mexico................. 28 22 32 42 30 779 700 1,160 1,202 1,202 857
Oregon_____________ 88 60 14 80 91 44 102 10 02 111 75
South D a k o ta ........... 260 210 406 592 618 121 88 105 158 171 116
(35 (8)

7 8 2 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS'
N o . 7 8 T .— G o l d a n d S i l v e r f o r U s e i n M a n u f a c t u r e s a n d t h e A r t s
GOLD IN THOUSANDS OP DOtLARS1
SILVER IN THOUSANDS OF FINE OUNCES
YEARLY AVERAGE
OB YEAR
TJnitod
S tates
coin
N e w m aterial
Bullion
and
foreign
coin
T o ta l
Old
m aterial
Grand
total
U n ited
States
coin
N e w m aterial
B u llio n
and
foreign
coin
T otal
Old
m a terial
G r a n d
t o t a l
1880_____
1881-1886.
1886-1800.
1891-1896.
1890-1900.
1901-1906.
3,300
3,716
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
lann-inin 3,600
1C111-191K
2,500
1,000
1,000
1,000
420
1,000
1,000
100
i «roi-mas
lMft-ioan
1031-1935......................
1031.............. ....... .........
1932...... ......... - .............
1033..............................
1034...............................
1035...............................
193Q.............................
1937-............................
1938...............................
1939.............................
6,611
6,991
8,612
7,948
6,399
18,218
26,941
28,121
38,831
29,321
23,747
120.SH
4,931
'7,1,90
i s . m
61,894
'82,161
* B ,m
3,214
» s «
7,461
8,811
10,706
12,012
11,448
12,896
21,718
30,441
30,621
39,831
30,321
24,747
'20,101
5,931
'6,190
'5,79$
'61,694
'82,461
' 2 , m
3, 214
'824
7,401
1,294
1,863
4,029
6,060
4,067
0,778
7,708
9,967
22,033
29,275
30,460
41,389
23,227
26,695
22,800
76,927
58,391
36,876
36,408
30,481
31,328
10,105
12, 668
16,041
16, 608
16,966
28,406
38,149 77
40,588 77
61,864 77
59,596 77
65,197 77
21,288 77
29,168 77
20,105 77
17,013 77
14,233
25,929
77
77
32,968 77
39,622 77
30.157 77
38,789 77
464 2,126 2,590
155 3,686 3,840
156 4,831 4,986
108 6,038 7,046
77 8,937 0,014
77 16,447 16,524
20,807
23,438
22,011
28,638
28,060
13,200
24,268
14,384
10,733
11,415
5,212
19,062
27,650
20,104
44,636
20,884
23,610
22,089
28,616
28,137
13,278
24,336
14,461
10,811
11,492
5,289
19,139
27,727
20,181
44,613
204
315
676
961
1,200
3,002
3,669
6,928
9,120
8,189
10,325
20,363
9,346
9,797
18,533
28,186
35,903
16,703
23,665
18,439
24,972
2,794
4,1 6 5
6,6 6 2
7 ,997
10,214
10,528
24, 653
30,444
31,214
30,805
38,461
33, 631
33,682
24,258
29, 343
89,679
41,192
35,843
61, 292
38,620
69, 585
1Value prior to 1934 calculated on basis of $20.67-|- per fine ounce; In 1934 and thereafter, $35.00 p e r fin e
ounce,
* Excess of return from industry over new m aterial issued to industry.
No. 788.— S ilver—Prices, L o n d o n and New York, and V alue in t h e
D ollar: 1835' t o 1939
N ote.—T he London price is converted to the basis of the ounce 1,000 fine and converted to A m e ric a n
money at par of exchange through 1930; thereafter, at the current rate of exchange. London q u o ta tio n s
are in depreciated currency after Sept. 21, 1931, also in some prior year periods, including 1918 to 1924,
New Y ork quotations are in depreciated currency after early March 1933, Tho commercial ratio Is c o m ­
puted on the basis of London quotations through 1914; thereafter, on the basis of th e Now Y ork a v e ra g e
price. Beginning w ith 1934 the m onetary value of gold is $35.00 per fine ounce as compared w ith $20.67
In previous years. T he value of fine silver (87154 grains) in the dollar is computed on the basis of L o n d o n
quotations through IB17; thereafter, on the oasis of the New York average price
[All figures, except “ Commercial ratio to gold," expressed in dollars]
CALENDAR
TEAR
L ondon,
per
fine
ounce
NEW YORK, PER
FINE OUNOE
High
Low
Oommercial
ratio
to
gold
1R3R 1.308 15.80
1840 1.323 15. 62
1845................. 1.298 16.02
1880................. 1. 310 15. 70
1855................. 1. 344 16. 38
I860................. 1. 352 15.29
1865............... 1. 33S 15.44
1870................. 1, 328 15.57
1875................. 1.242 1. 239 1.201 1.210 18.84
1880................ 1.145 1.139 1.150 1. US 18.06
1886................ 3.085 1.084 1.096 1.028 19.41
1890................ 1.048 1.053 1.205 .968 19. 75
1896................
1898.................
.854
.690
.663
.591
.690
.623
.000 31.(10
.561 35.03
1899................ .802 .606 .648 .680 34.36
1900............... .020 .621 .658 .698 33.33
1901................ .598 .597 .645 .548 34.68
1902 .628 . 528 .569 .474 39.15
1903............... .643 .642 .624 .476 38.10
1904................ .579 .678 .625 .534 36.70
1 BOS
190ft .
.610
.677
. 610
.674
.665
.724
.556 33.87
.631 30. 54
1907................ .082 .660 .710 .528 31.24
1908.............. .636 . 535 .589 .483 38.64
1909............... . .620 .622 .546 .608 39.74
1910.............. . .641 .542 .57# .508 38. 22
1911.............. .539 .MO .575 .521 38.33
1912............... . .016 .620 .656 .653 33.62
Value
of
silver
CALEND AR
Y EA R
Average
London,
per
fine
ounce
N E W Y O R K , P E R
F IN E O U N CE
in
dollar
Average
High
Low
C om ­
m ercial
ratio
to
gold
lv a lu e
of
s ilv e r
In
d o l­
l a r
1013............... 0,605 0.612 0.061 0.580 34.19 O. 408
1.023 1014............... .553 .603 .609 .490 37.37 .428
1.004 1015............... .619 .511 .680 .478 40.48 .401
1. 018
1016............... .686 .672 .701 .673 30.78 .631
1.039 1917— ........ .896 .840 1.165 .731 24. 61 .002
1.045 1918— .......... 1.042 .984 1. 019 .889 21.00 .701
1.035 1910_______ 1.260 1.121 1.383 1.014 18.44 .807
1.027 1920............... 1. 346 1.019 1.379 .604 2d 28 .788
.961 1921............... .805 .631 .738 .532 32.76 .488
.886 1922............... .764 .879 .742 .620 30.43 .526
.824 1923............... .700 .662 .690 .629 31.60 .505
.809 1924............. .745 .671 .724 .630 30.80 . 619
.600
1926----------- .703 .694 .782 .668 29.78 .537
.456 1926_______ .629 .624 .689 .518 33.11 .483
.465 1927__ ____ .571 .567 .603 .542 36.47 .438
.480
1928______ .680 .686 .039 .568 35. 34 .462
.461
1029_____ - .536 .633 .678 .468 38.78 .412
.408
1930............... .387 .386 .472 .311 53.74 .298
.420 1931.............. .292 .290 .376 .261 71.25 .224
.448 1932.............. .281 .282 .313 .246 73.29 .218
.472
1933_______ .346 .350 .453 .248 >9.08 .271
.624
1934. ............ .481 .483 .661 .421 '2.49 .373
. 512 1936— ......... .639 .040 .813 .501 54. IS .500
.414 1930_______ .449 .454 .601 .451 F7.09 .351
.402 1937_______ .447 .452 .471 .461 (7.44 .350
.418 1938.............. .430 .435 .461 .431 ;o. 39 .337
.417
.475
1939_______ .408 .394 .431 .351 38.84 .305
Source oi tables 787 and 788: Treasury Dept., Bureau of tho Mint, Annual Report of the D irector. ^

'COKE 7 8 3
No. 789.— C o k e — P r o d u c t io n , E x p o r t s , a n d Im p o r ts: 1890 t o 1939
YEARLY AVERAGE OR YEAR
production in thousands of
S H O R T TONS ( 2 , 0 0 0 POUNDS)
Total
Beehive
ovens
Byproduct
ovens
Byproduct
ovens,
per cent
of total
Production
(value)
in
thousands
of
dollars
E X P O R T S I M P O M S 1
Thousand of short
tons (2,000 pounds)
1898-1000........ .............................. 16,266 16,741 524 3.2 30, 293 265 54
1901-1905....................................... 26,073 23,566 2,107 8.2 58, 581 619 150
1006-1910....................................... 36,848 31,296 5,552 16.1 01, 068 904 159
1011-1916....................................... 40,394 20,000 11,394 28.2 103, 739 897 98
1916-1920....................................... 52,420 27,733 24, 696 47.1 820, 709 1,182 34
m i - m s ....................................................... 42, m 11, 028 31, 959 74.4 251, 907 73-1 99
1026-1930....................................... 63,724 6,087 47, 037 87.6 262, 212 1,027 171
1981-1936....................................... 29,066 027 20,03S 96.9 145,036 710 171
1023............................................... 66,978 19,880 37, 508 06.0 873,407 1, 237 85
1924............................................... 44,270 10,286 33, 084 76.8 244, 042 660 83
1925........... ................................... 51,267 11, 355 39, 912 77.9 262,669 964 202
1920............................................... 66,866 12,489 44, 377 78.0 307,773 987 285
1927— . ...........-........................... 51,002 7,207 48,885 85.9 262, 321 807 109
1928................................................ 52,806 4,493 48,813 01.5 252,834 1,098 148
1920............................................... 59,884 6,472 63,412 89.2 278,995 1,238 120
1930............................................... 47,072 2,776 45,196 04.2 209,137 1,004 133
1031— ....................... ................. 33,484 1,128 32,356 96.6 101,609 754 100
1032............................................... 21,789 652 21,137 97.0 104,337 630 117
1933........................... -.................. 27,680 911 26,678 96.7 122,951 638 161
1934........................— ................. 31,822 1,029 30,793 90.8 169.426 943 161
1935----------------- --------- -----— 36,141 917 34,224 97.4 176,863 614 317
1936............. ................................. 46,276 1,706 44,660 96.3 232,374 670 330
1037........... .................................... 52,375 3,165 49,211 94.0 261,004 527 286
1938_________— ...................... 32.406 837 31,058 97.4 107,182 487 135
1939............................................... 44,327 1,444 42,882 93.7 212,884 500 142
i Before 1934, figures represent general imports; thereafter, imports entered for consumption.
No. 790.— C o k e — B y - P r o d u c t a n d B e e h i v e P r o d u c t i o n , b y S t a t e s : 1915
t o 1930
[Figure* in thousand* of short ton* (2,000 pounds)]
1916 1820 1125 1930 m s 1936 1837 1938 1939
BY-PRODUCT
Total...............................
Alabama......................... ........
Colorado--.._____ ____ ___
Illinois__________________
Indiana..____________ —
Maryland________________
Massachusetts__. _________
Michigan.......... ___.................
Minnesota...............................
New Jersey......... ....................
New York......... - ....................
Ohio____________________
Pennsylvania_____________
West Virginia____________
All other States___________
BEEHIVE
Total...............................
14,078 80,834 39, 912 45,196 34,224 44,500 49,211 SI, 658 49,882
2,070
1,087
2,788
313
504
« 128
269
684
.666
3,092
141
1,749
27,50B
3,124
617
2,187
4,664
082
488
1,393
678
720
1,040
5,616
7,730
447
1,706
20,511
4,582
490
3,012
6,142
1,010
535
1,751
618
904
2,220
7,105
9,853
1,056
1,726
11,355
Pennsylvania_____________ 22,531 16,90S 9,674
Ohio....................................... 19 87 160
West V irginia-.-____ -____ 1,260 1,881 400
Alabama__________ ______ 1,001 890 88
Kentuoky........-..................... 285 273 (')
Tennessee................................ 234 163 128
Virginia................................... 630 1,028 422
Colorado_________________ 671 273 166
Utah....................................... (■) (■) 146
All other States______ ____ 887 60S 190
8,987
379
3,670
4,984
1,169
863
2,604
641
910
3,860
6,103
12,629
1,470
2,051
2,776
1,094
207
1,069
3,768
930
1,006
2,482
430
917
4,009
6,101
8,078
1,604
1,039
917
3,000
337
2,083
5,450
1,217
1,108
2,204
522
1,008
4, 830
6,242
12,571
1,703
2,110
1,700
4,260
487
2,000
5,467
1,514
1,131
2,284
705
3,015
4,047
6,738
13,701
1,818
2,147
3,165
3, 378
187
1,736
2,905
1,105
1,019
1,743
540
1,007
3,945
3,700
7,119
1,347
1,928
837
3,855
398
1,884
4,878
1,579
1,057
2,431
407
1,003
4,408
6,136
10,994
1,698
2,104
1,444
2f 011 564 1,213 2,550 482 1,126
422 166 231 270 154 88
25 3 4
220 138 191
797 4002 816
12 CT
15 6
240 134 165
947 568 678
1Included under "all other States." >Less than BOO tons.
Source of tables 789 and 790; Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines; Minerals Yearbook.

7 8 4 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS1
N o . 7 9 1 .— C o a l — P i t O D t j c T i o N , 1821 t o 1939, a n d b y S t a t e s , 1911 t o 1939
Note.—Quantities in thousands of short tons (2,000 pounds); values in thousands of dollars. Includes
coal consumed at mines. Figures for anthracite relate to Pennsylvania output only; those for bituminous
relate to continental United states and Alaska. Bituminous coal includes brown coal and small amounts
of anthracite outside Pennsylvania. Comparatively little coal is held in stock at the mines
QUANTITY
QUANTITY
VALUE
TEAR OR YEARLY
AVERAC3E
Total
YEAR
Total
Anthracite
Bituminous
Anthracite
Bituminous
Anthracite
Bitum i­
nous
1821-1830....................... 140 60 75 1917... 651,402 09,612 551,791 283,651 1,240,273
1831-1840....................... 1,032 722 310 1918... 678,212 98,826 570, 386 330,480 1,491,810
1841-1860....................... 4,638 2,697 1,837 1919 553,652 88.092 465, 800 364,927 1.160.010
1861-1860....................... 12,613 7,645 4,868 1920... 658,265 89,608 568, 607 434,252 2,120, 933
1861-1866....................... 20,538 11,142 9,396 19211.. 506,395 00,473 415,922 452. 305 1,199,984
1866-1870....................... 31,708 10,281 15, 425 1922... 476,951 64, 683 422, 268 273,700 1,274,820
1871-1876....................... 62,179 23,407 28,773 1923... 057,904 03,330 564, 565 606,787 1,614,621
1876-1880....................... 02,261 26,800 36,461 19241- 571,613 87,927 483, 687 477,231 1,002, 626
1881-1886....................... 107,291 36,198 71,093 19251.. 581,870 61,817 520,053 327,666 1,060,402
1886-1800....................... 138; 398 43,962 94,446 1926i_. 057,804 84,437 573,367 474,164 1,183,417
1891-1806 ...................... 178,822 53,405 126,416 19271.. 597,859 80,096 517,763 420,942 1,020, 662
1890-1900....................... 227,123 55,625 171,498 19281.. 576,093 75.348 500,745 303,638 933,774
1901-1906...................... 330,357 66,864 272,503 19291.. 608.817 73,828 534,089 385,643 952,781
1906-1010....................... 464, 666 81,142 373,413 19301.. 536, 911 69,385 407, 526 354,574 705,483
1911-1016....................... 629,189 80,233 439, 950 1B311- 441,735 59,640 882,089 296,365 588, 896
1916-1920....................... 626,386 92,741 533,045 16321.. 359,565 49,856 309,710 222,375 400, 677
1921-1926....................... 668,947 77,048 481,299 1933 i„ 383,172 49,641 333, 031 206,718 446, 788
1926-10301-.................. 695.497 76,019 518,878 1934 i._ 410,530 57,168 359, 308 244,162 028, 383
1931-1936 i.................. 405,108 53,674 361,434 1935 l.. 424,532 52,159 372,373 210,131 658,063
1913................................ 509,900 91,526 478,435 19301„ 493,668 54,580 439,088 227,004 770,965
1914............. .................. 513,526 90,822 422,704 19371.. 497,387 51,850 445; 531 197,599 * 864,042
1916............................... 531,619 88,996 442.624 19381- 394,644 46,090 348,545 180,600 3 678,653
1910............................... 690,098 87,578 502,520 19391*. 444,552 51,487 393,066 187,175 a 732, 534
STATE
m u­
m s
m e ­
m o
1921-
1925
mem
o 4
1931-
1935 ‘
19301 1937 ‘ 1938 7 1939 l *
Total quantity.. 629,189 626,386 658,047 595,497 406,108 493,668 497,387 394,644 444, 552
Anthracite (Pa.)....... 89,233 92,741 77,648" 76,610 53,074 54,680 61,850 40, 099 61, 487
Bituminous.............. 480,056 533, 645 481,299 518,878 351,434 439,038 445, 531 348,545 393, 005
Alabama................ 15,864 17,834 18,097 18,380 9,252 12,229 12,440 11,002 11,995
Arliansae....... ........ 1,980 1,980 1,201 1,679 1,012 1,023 1, 511 1,197

COAL 7 8 5
No. 7 9 2 .— C oax.— E x p o r t s , I m p o r t s , a n d B u n k e r C o a l L a d e n o n V e s s e l s
i n F o r e i g n T r a d e : 1891 t o 1939
[ Quantities in thousands of long tons (2,210 pounds); values in thousands of dollars]
TOTAL EX PO R T S1
YEARLY AVERA G E OR
YEA R
Quant
i t Value
y
A N T B IiA C IT E
EXPORTS
Quant
i t y
Value
B IT U M IN O U S
EXPO RTS 1
Quant
i t y
Value
TOTAL IM PO RTS1
Quant
i t y
Value
BUNKElt COAL
1891-1895 »........................ 3 ,0 2 8 10,012 1 ,1 2 8 4 ,0 2 9 1 ,9 0 0 5 ,0 8 1 1 ,2 3 7 3 ,6 8 4
1890-1 9 0 0 *......................... 4 ,7 1 0 1 3 ,3 0 0 1 ,4 8 9 6 ,2 6 8 3 ,2 4 1 7 ,0 3 2 1 ,4 0 3 3 ,8 3 1
1901-1905 9......................... 7 ,7 6 0 2 4 ,2 5 4 1 ,8 4 0 8 ,7 8 2 5 ,9 0 3 1 5 ,4 7 2 2 ,2 8 7 6 ,3 7 6
1900-1910 *......................... 1 2 ,0 1 8 3 6 ,8 0 5 2 ,0 4 6 1 3 ,0 3 4 9 .3 7 2 2 3 ,7 7 0 1 ,7 2 7 4 ,6 3 0 * 6,638
1 9 1 1 -1 9 1 5 ........................... 1 9 ,1 3 2 6 8 ,3 0 2 3 ,7 6 3 1 9 ,6 2 4 1 5 ,3 7 9 8 8 ,7 3 8 1 ,4 3 7 4 ,0 0 9 7,280
1910-1920............................ 2 7 ,1 6 0 1 5 1 ,3 5 6 4 ,6 4 7 , 3 2 ,9 6 0 2 2 ,5 1 3 1 1 8 ,3 9 0 1 ,2 5 8 5 ,7 8 8 7,389
1 921....................................... 2 4 ,8 2 9 1 6 8 ,2 2 2 4 ,1 7 0 4 5 ,0 2 6 2 0 ,0 5 3 1 2 2 ,6 0 7 1 ,1 3 1 7 ,4 5 7 7,848
1022....................................... 1 3 ,4 4 9 9 1 ,2 4 2 2 ,3 6 0 2 5 ,3 5 1 1 1 ,0 8 3 5 5 ,8 9 2 4 ,7 2 7 28,2 5 0 4,120
1 923....................................... 2 3 ,7 0 0 1 6 4 ,1 2 4 4 ,5 4 5 49, 677 1 9 ,1 5 6 104, 547 1 ,9 4 9 1 2 ,2 4 9 4,547
1924...................................- 1 8 ,8 6 6 111, 089 3 ,5 8 7 4 0 ,0 0 8 1 5 ,2 0 8 7 0 ,9 7 1 4 78 3 ,0 1 9 3,083
1 9 2 6 ....................................... 18,429 100,168 2,888 3 1 ,7 0 1 15, 591 0 8 ,4 0 3 8 7 9 5 ,8 4 0 4,344
1920....................................... 3 5 ,0 9 1 1 9 6 ,90G 8 ,5 0 8 4 1 ,0 8 6 8 1 ,4 9 3 1 5 5 ,8 1 9 1,202 9 ,3 0 1 6,907
1027....................................... 10, 051 1 0 4 ,2 5 7 2, 909 3 2 ,9 2 8 1 0 ,0 8 2 7 1 ,3 2 9 597 3 ,2 8 4 4,076
1928........................................ 17,411 9 2 ,1 2 1 2 ,9 7 9 32, 067 1 4 ,4 3 3 5 0 ,4 8 4 831 4 ,9 8 9 3,834
1929........................................ 18,003 9 8 ,3 1 0 8 ,0 4 1 32) 509 15, 502 05, 7 42 877 5 ,4 8 0 3,827
1030....................................... 10,455 8 3 ,6 9 4 2 ,2 7 8 24, 609 1 4 ,1 7 0 5 9 ,18G 818 5, 525 3,122
1081........................................ 1 2 ,4 1 5 0 0 ,4 5 7 1 ,5 8 8 1 7 ,0 6 2 10, 827 43, 395 765 6,100 1,960
1932....................................... 9 ,0 3 3 41, 762 1 ,1 0 4 1 2 ,0 0 4 7 ,8 7 0 29, 688 7 09 4 ,4 2 0 1,204
1933....................................... 8, 992 3 7 ,6 1 1 924 9 ,0 4 0 8,000 28, 572 6 584 • 3 ,4 3 2 1,176
1934....................................... 1 0 ,8 6 3 5 1 ,4 0 4 1,159 1 1 ,0 8 2 9 ,7 0 4 40, 382 • 593 « 4 ,1 9 0 1,179
1035....................................... 1 0 ,1 3 5 4 8 ,4 2 4 1 ,4 3 8 1 3 ,1 8 0 S, 699 35, 238 » 090 • 4, 276 1,407
1930....................................... 11,012 6 2 ,3 8 1 1 ,4 9 8 1 3 ,7 7 6 9 ,5 1 3 38, 006 • 7 9 1 • 4 ,6 7 0 1,448
1937....................................... 13,4 4 5 0 3 .6 1 7 1 ,7 0 9 1 4 ,7 0 6 11,73(5 4 8 ,8 2 1 • 684 • 2 ,0 4 6 1,636
1088....................................... 11,071 52, 739 1 ,7 0 4 14, 035 0, 360 3 8 ,1 0 6 • 539 6 3 ,2 0 7
1939___________________ 12,001 0 2 ,6 0 8 2 ,3 1 3 19, 020 1 0 ,3 4 9 42, 778 0 583 • 3 ,3 7 0 1,318
i Does not include fuel or hunter coal ladon on vessels engaged In the foreign trade.
»Including lignite, slack, and culm. 5 Fiscal years ended June 30.

7 8 6 MINING AND MINEBAL PRODUCTS
No. 7 9 4 .— B it-o m in o u s C o a l — C o n s u m p tio n , b y C l a s s o p C o n s u m e r : 1889 t o
1939
1889 1899 1909 1310 1020 1036 1937 1938 1 0 3 0 •
Consumption (million tons of 2,000 lbs.), total__ 95.8 190.3 370.3 481.7 610.3 422.8 428.5 344.7 878.0
Colliery fuel.................................................. 1.4 3.1 9.5 11.1 4.7 3.2 3,1 2.5 2.8
Locomotive fuel, all steam roads................. 26.5 53.4 106.0 >110.7 >113.0 281.1 282.7 268.8 >78.8
Bunkers, vessels in foreign trade............. 1..S 3.8 6.3 8.2 4.3 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.5
Coke ovens, beehive and by-produot.......... 16. C 30.9 59.4 65.6 86.8 65.9 74.5 46.6 63.6
Electric public utilities3__ -....................... (9 7.6 18.7 35.1 44.0 42.0 44.8 40.2 46.2
All other uses 4............................................. 50.0 92.2 169.9 242.0 265.0 228.9 221.7 185.2 190.1
Per cent of total consumption............................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ioo. o 100.0 100.0
Colliery fuel.................................................. 1.5 i.e 2.6 2.8 .£ .8 .7 .7 .7
Locomotive fuel, all steam roads................. 27.7 28.1 28. £ *24.9 2 21.fi 219.2 219.3 2 20. C >19.6
Bunkers, vessels in foreign trade................. 2.C 2.C l.C 1.7 .8 .4 A . 4 .4
Coke ovens, beehive and by-product_____ 16.7 16. S 16.1 13.6 10.7 15.6 17 A 13,6 16. 8
Eleetrio public utilities.............................. w 4.C 5.C 7.3 8.6 9. S 10.4 11.7 12.2
All other uses............................... ............... 52,1 48.4 45.0 50.2 51.0 54.1 51.7 53.7 50.3
• Preliminary. >Glass I roads.
• Includes olootrio central stations and street railways through 1019. Figures include a small am ount of
anthracite consumed, 1 Not available.
4 Obtained by subtracting known Items from total consumption. Includes genoral manufacturing,
domestic, and miscellaneous uses.
Source: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines and Bituminous Goal Division; Minerals Yearbook
and Bituminous Goal Tables, 1938-39 (data wore assembled from various original souroas).
N o . 7 9 5 . — S t r i k e s in A n t h r a c i t e a n d B itu m in o u s C o a l M i n i n g I n d u s t r i e s ,
b y M a j o r I s s u e s I n v o l v e d : 1928 t o 1939
N ote.—Strikes involving lower than 6 workers or lasting less than 1 day are not included. Figures are for
strikes beginning in years shown. For combined statistics covering strikes in all industries, see table 391
N U M B E R O F S T R IK E S
N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S
IN V O L V E D
N U M B E R O F M A N - D A Y S I D L E
C O A L - M I N I N G
A N D Y E A H
Major issues Major Issues Major issues
”
Total Wa- Union Mis- Total
Wages Union Mis-
Total
Wages Union M isoella*
and organ- cella- and organi- cellahours
zatlon neous hours ization neous hours ization neous
Anthracite:
1 0 2 8 ................. 4 1 4 1 0 2 7 7 8 , 4 2 4 4 , 0 6 9 1 2 , 5 8 1 6 1 , 7 8 4 5 7 3 , 4 0 4 1 8 , 4 2 6 9 3 , 0 3 9 4 0 1 , 0 3 0
1 9 2 9 . . . . . . 3 2 2 8 2 2 5 7 , 2 7 6 1 , 0 2 2 8 , 7 5 7 4 7 , 4 9 7 2 3 9 , 2 0 6 3 , 6 8 5 1 4 , 6 8 5 2 2 0 . 8 3 6
1 9 8 0 ................. 1 8 1 a 9 2 0 , 0 3 6 1 , 5 8 0 6 , 8 4 8 1 1 , 6 0 8 1 1 7 , 3 3 8 3 , 1 6 0 2 9 , 5 0 5 8 4 . 6 7 3
1 9 3 1 ................. 1 4 4 4 6 8 1 , 4 1 0 2 1 , 6 7 5 2 , 1 5 1 3 7 , 5 9 0 6 5 5 , 2 0 3 2 5 0 , 6 3 3 1 7 , 6 1 0 3 8 0 , 9 6 0
1 9 3 2 ................. 1 8 6 2 10 1 0 , 5 9 2 1 6 , 1 0 5 3 3 3 3 , 1 5 4 1 6 7 , 0 3 6 1 2 5 , 1 7 5 9 , 5 7 0 3 2 , 2 0 1
1 9 3 8 ................. 2 7 9 2 1 6 9 6 , 2 0 7 8 , 5 5 9 3 , 3 0 0 8 4 , 4 3 8 1 , 0 1 2 , 7 8 7 1 0 3 , 0 2 6 4 2 , 1 0 0 8 6 7 , 6 6 1
1 9 3 4 ................. 3 8 1 0 1 2 7 1 0 5 ,2 9 0 1 1 , 1 3 0 3 1 3 0 3 , 8 5 3 9 4 8 , 7 8 7 1 3 6 , 0 0 9 0 3 0 8 1 1 , 8 1 9
1 9 3 5 ................. 3 3 7 1 2 5 5 0 . 1 9 1 9 , 5 1 7 1 , 1 0 0 3 9 , 5 7 4 7 8 8 ) 7 2 4 7 5 , 6 0 4 4 1 , 8 0 0 0 7 1 . 3 2 0
1 0 3 6 ________ 2G 5 6 1 5 2 3 , 0 7 3 3 , 5 9 6 1 3 , 0 0 5 6 , 4 7 2 2 6 4 , 5 4 5 4 3 , 0 4 3 1 5 3 , 0 8 3 6 8 , 4 1 0
1 9 3 7 ................. 3 2 1 3 1 18 5 9 , 6 0 0 2 4 , 9 0 2 4 8 0 3 4 , 2 1 8 6 0 6 , 6 5 6 1 4 4 , 5 4 8 1 5 , 3 6 0 4 4 6 , 7 4 8
1 9 3 8 ------------- 1 7 4 3 1 0 2 6 , 4 1 6 2 , 3 1 6 5 , 3 2 5 1 8 , 7 7 5 3 5 7 , 8 5 4 3 5 , 1 9 1 1 8 1 , 5 7 7 1 4 1 . 0 8 6
1 9 3 9 ................. 2 6 a 5 1 7 2 2 ,6 6 4 2 , 8 1 3 1 , 0 5 7 1 8 , 7 9 4 7 7 , 9 0 9 3 , 7 7 3 1 5 , 2 7 1 5 8 , 8 6 5
Bituminous:
1 9 2 8 ................. 3 0 10 2 18 6 3 , 2 7 0 5 1 , 1 5 4 4 5 9 1 1 , 6 6 6 5 . 9 4 0 . 9 9 2 5 . 8 6 2 , 7 4 5 9 9 7 7 7 , 2 5 0
1 0 2 0 ................. 6 8 34 11 13 1 8 ,0 9 3 1 2 , 6 9 4 2 . 2 5 3 3 , 2 4 6 1 8 1 . 6 1 1 3 8 , 0 1 0 2 1 , 2 9 6 2 2 , 3 2 5
1 0 3 0 ................. 6 2 32 7 13 2 6 , 8 4 1 1 4 , 7 8 6 7 , 1 8 9 4 , 8 6 0 8 8 2 , 5 9 9 4 1 4 , 0 4 4 $ 8 6 ; 8 2 0 8 2 . 7 2 9
1 9 3 1 ................. 6 7 2 7 18 1 2 5 2 , 3 9 2 7 ,0 4 4 3 7 , 1 0 6 7 , 3 4 3 1 , 5 4 2 ) 5 0 6 9 8 .5 4 C 1 . 2 8 8 . 0 6 6 1 5 5 , 8 9 4
1 9 3 2 ................. 43 2 5 7 11 6 3 , 6X ( 5 2 , 1 2 3 8 , 7 9 2 2 , 7 0 4 5 , 9 1 3 , 8 8 6 5 , 0 0 7 , 3 7 5 8 7 3 , 2 5 2 3 3 . 2 5 9
1 9 3 3 - _____ 1 0 2 38 30 34 1 4 2 ; 2 4 2 1 7 ,4 8 8 1 1 1 ,4 1 3 1 3 , 3 4 1 2 , 2 1 1 , 3 7 5 4 7 2 ; 5 2 1 1 , 6 4 4 , 6 6 1 9 4 , 1 0 3
1 0 3 4 ................. 78 21 2c & 1 0 9 , 8 2 7 4 6 ,3 0 1 4 3 . 7 4 1 1 9 ,771 1 . 5 6 2 ,3 5 * 9 8 1 , 2 8 2 4 7 3 , 7 3 5 1 0 7 , 3 4 1
1 9 3 5 ................. 4 2 1( 1 2 2C 4 2 0 , 57< 4 0 3 , 7 9 ( 3 ,1 7 4 1 3 .6 1 C 2 , 9 7 1 , 4 4 £ 2 , 8 6 0 , 3 5 * 2 4 , 1 7 8 8 6 , 0 1 3
1 9 3 6 ................. 31 5 £ 24 1 9 ,6 4 1 1 ,3 7 8 2 ,9 3 4 1 5 ,3 3 0 6 3 3 ,3 1 1 3 5 6 , 0 5 * 4 3 , 4 3 1 1 3 3 , 8 2 5
1 9 3 7 . ----------- 54 11 21 2 2 9 9 ,2 5 1 4 5 ,9 1 8 2 7 .8 7 E 2 5 , 4 6 2 1 , 9 2 4 , 9 5 i 1 , 0 4 8 , 6 4 2 4 0 0 , 7 5 0 4 7 5 , 5 5 0
1 0 3 8 ................. 2 7 f U 11 9 , 5 0 5 2 , 1 9 f 2 , 3 2 4 4 . 9 8 5 1 3 2 , 8 5 5 8 , 4 2 2 2 4 , 1 5 1 1 0 0 , 2 8 2
1 9 3 0 ________ 2 6 2 i i 1 2 3 5 5 , 3 8 3 1,102 3 4 6 , 5 2 4 7 , 7 5 7 7 , 3 0 2 , 5 6 6 2 2 , 2 4 3 7 , 1 9 1 , 9 8 4 8 8 , 3 2 9
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; Bulletin No. 6 5 1 , Strikes in the United S tates,
1 8 S O - 1 9 3 0 ; annual report, Analysis of Strikes; and official records. Figures are published currently in p a r t
in Monthly Labor Review.

coal 787
N o. 7 9 6 . — C o a l f o r H o u s e h o l d U se — R e t a il P r i c e s , b y C i t i e s : 1929 to 1939 1
Noth—Prices (in dollars) of coal per ton of 2,000 pounds unless otherwise specified. Bituminous prices
represent Eastern, except those in italics, wbioh ore Western
PENNSYLVANIA ANTHRACITE, CHEST­
NUT
BITUMINOUS, HIGH VOLATILE,
EQG
CITY
1929 1932 1937 1938 1939 i 1038 1939
December 15
June
15
Dec.
15
June
15
Dec.
16i
New England;
Boston, Mass...........................— 15.50 13.50 12.72 13.35 13.00 *0.19 *9.10 *9.20 >9.51
15.50 12.88 12.10 12.10 11.60
Fall River, Mass...................... 16.25 14.25 13.75 13.50 13.50 *8.80 2 9.00 *9.00 *9.40
Manchester, N. H ___________ 17.00 14. S3 14.19 14.50 13.88 * 10.50 * 10.50 * 10, 50 * 10.60
15.25 14.00 13. 00 13.00 13.00
Portland, Maine........-.............. 16.80 16.60 13.25 12.50 18.00 *6,70 >6.70 26.67 28.21
Providence, R. I - - ..................... 16. 00 14. 80 13. 38 13.78 13.22 *7.85 *7.92 '7.76 *8.10
Middle Atlantic:
Buffalo, N. Y .......................... - 13.82 12.21 11.95 11.86 11.20 *6.13 *6.50 '6.50 36. 50
13.48 12.00 11.25 11. 25 10.20
New York, N. Y.*...................... 14.08 12.20 11. fll 11.25 10.40 3 7.47 3 7.45 *7.32 *7.33
* 14.50 11.50 10.11 «10.55 9.95
Pittsburgh, Pa.1------------------- 15.00 13.00 12.09 12.75 12.66 4.04 4.38 4.41 4.59
14.25 13.13 11.03 11.91 11.44
9.92 9.00 7.88 7.81 7.40
East North Central:
Chicago, HI.3 ..------------------ 16.40 15. 50 15.06 15.26 14.49 9.10 9.47 8.42 9.56
5.57 6.11 5.40 6.07
Cleveland/Ohio *------ ----------- 14.80 13.44 13,59 13.61 13,39 7.18 7.25 7,13 7.30
5 CH fi 05 6,06 6.30
Detroit, Mich.3.........-...............- 16.60 13,17 12.36 12.28 11.83 6.78 6.84 0.72 o.oi
6.67 6.93 (L01 6.71
Milwaukee, Wis.................... — 16.86 14.80 13,95 13.56 13.40 8.17 8.14 8.31 8.51
4.46 L J£ 8.99 4,08
4.65 1.65 4.69 4.69
Wost North Central:
Kansas City, Mo.*--.............—- 7 12. 55 * 10.63 »10.83 '10.07 7 9.93 >0.9 6 •8.15 ‘ 0.07 >0.98
Minneapolis, Minn___ ____— 17.86 17.10 16.50 15.75 16.25 9.66 9.77 9.60 9.90
7 12.58 * 12,00 * 11.85 8.51 8.68 8.60 8.88
St. Louis, Mo.*»_____________ 16.45 16.22 14.66 14.28 14.14 l. SI 6.77 6.SS 6.90
St. Paul, Minn_____ ________ 17.85 17.10 16.47 15.75 15.25 9.66 9.77 9.69 9.90
South Atlantic:
. 0.17 7.50 6.25 7,50
Baltimore, Md......... .................. 13.75 12.76 10.20 10.83 0.05 7.00 7.06 7.23 7.24
9.50 9.50 9.50 9.50
811.00 812.00 811.00 812.00
Norfolk, V al............................... i i ’oo *13.00 13.00 13.00 iio o 7.60 7.60 7.50 7.50
Richmond, Va..........-.......... 15.00 13. 50 12,67 12.02 12.7C 7.63 8.13 7.68 8. 21
0.00 9.10 9,06 9.04
Washington, D. O.1____1........... 15.23 14.16 12.79 18.09 12.35 8.25 8.40 8.26 8.62
East South Central:
5.09 0.90 5.60 5.82
5.59 5.69 5.59 5.74
7.88 7.88 7.88 7.88
8.52 0.62 8.21 9.07
West Soutli Central:
Dallas, Tex.................................. * 16.60 '14.00 r 12.83 '12.83 7 12.83 10.50 810.88 810.60
7 14.67 7 15.00 714.5C 7 14.50 510. OS 811.60 >11.95 >11.76
Little Rock, Ark.®.................. * 13.50 »10.76 '9.60 '8.67 7 8.42 8 8.80 >8.66 •8.61 •8.71
* 15.60 7 15.10 7 14.28 9.88 10.71 9.69 10.71
Mountain:
10.88 11. IS 11.96 11.96
Denver, ColoA.............. ............ 1114.75 1*14.60 » 15.8i W15.81 u 15.81 8.10 7.86 7.60 7.60
*7,68 ‘ 7. St >7.69 8 7.87
Pacific:
816.66 B16.91 >16.67 >16.67
8 IS. 80 8IS. 18 >18.10 1IS. 19
San Francisco; Cali/.*------------- u 28.00 1*25,00 1*23.95 1* 23.69 i*23.8fl ‘ 17. SI >17.61 >17.61 »17.51
11.01 ii.se 11.96 n .x s
1Preliminary. s R un of mine, low volatile. ’ Prices include sales tax beginning 1937.
< Price is per ton ot 2,210 pounds. 1 Price includes sales tax.
• Beginning 1937, prices are on basis of 1 ton deliveries; for earlier years, on avorages of 1 or more.
' Arkansas, egg or furnace. * Lump. 8 Lump, low volatile.
>» Colorado, furnace, 1 and 2 mixed. 11 Colorado, egg. ept. of Labor, Bur. of Labor Statistics; published in Retail Prices for February 1940 and special
releases.

7 8 8 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
No. 7 9 7 .-—Coal—Average Retail Pbices and Indexes for Large Cit ie s
Combined: 1931 to 1940
YEAR AND MONTH
AVERAGE PRICE PER TON OF
2,000 POUNDS
IN D EX (OCTOBER 1 9 22-S E P T E M -
B E R 1 0 2 5 = 1 0 0 )
Bituminous
(unthracite
(weightnous
(un­
thracito (weight­
Pennsylvania an­
Bitumi­
Pennsylvania anweighteed
average, 25 weighted ed average, 26
average, cities)
average. cities)
38 cities) Stove Chestnut 38 cities) Stove Chestnut
1931................................................................ $8.33 $13.68 $13.65 86.2 07.1 97.3
1932................................................................ 7.71 12.55 12.46 79.7 89.2 88.7
1933................................................................ 7.65 12.12 11.93 79.1 86.2 85.0
1934............................................................... 8.26 12.18 11.02 85.4 86.6 85.0
1935................................................................ 8.29 11.88 11.14 85.7 80.9 70.4
1936.............................................................. 8.42 11.74 11.60 87.1 83.5 82.7
1937................................................................ 8.58 11.05 11.19 88.4 78.5 70.0
1938-.................. -......................................... 8.61 10.96 11.11 88.7 77.9 70.1
1 9 3 9 ............................................................ 8.52 10.79 10.84 87.7 76.7 77.2
1038
.Tune________________ ______________ 8.38 10.52 10.63 86.4 74.8 75.7
December..................................................... 8.68 11.37 11.49 89.3 80.8 81.8
1930
June.................................... .......................... 8.28 10.47 10.55 85.2 74.4 76.1
December.................................................... 8.68 10.84 10.83 89.2 77.0 77.1
1940
March_____________________________ 8.65 11.31 11.37 89.0 80.4 81.0
June1......................................................... 8.16 11.02 11.04 83.4 78.3 78.6
i Preliminary.
No. 7 9 8 .—Natural Gas and Natural Gasoline—Production, 1906 to 1939,
and by States, 1925 to 1939
Note.—Quantities of gas in millions of cubic feet, of gasoline in thousands of gallons; values in thousands
of dollars. Production figures for gas refer only to that marketed, in addition to which considerable
quantities are used by producers, and large quantities are wasted or lost. Values given ore at th e point
of consumption. Consumption figures by States differ greatly from production figures by reason of
interstate transportation_________________ ______________________________________________ __
YEARLY
AVERAGE
OR YEAR
NATURAL GAS
PRODUCED AND
MARKETED
Value
NATURAL GASOLINE
Gas
treated
Quantity
Production
Value
YEAR
NATURAL GAS
PRODUCED AND
MARKETED
Value
NATURAL G A S O L IN E
0 as
treated
Quantity
Production
1906-1910. 437, 057 57,940
1931 1,686,436 .................... 392,816 1,790,119 1,831,018
1911-1915. 575, 708 88,492 ■11,002 30,317 2,481 1932 1,555,990 .................... 384,632 1,490,756 1,523,800
1916-1920. 762, 681 154,500 412,787 268,038 48,174 1033....... 1,555,474 368, 540 1,551,464 1,420,000
1921-1925. 947, 419 220,002 820,445 762,151 82,205 1934 1,770,721 .................... 395,378 1,776,172 1,535,360
1926-1030. 1,037,540 362,238 1,013,811 1,852,490 136,123 1935 1,916, .................... 595 429, 374 1,822, 000 1,651,080
1931-1935. 1,097,048 394,118 1,687,902 1,592,013 59,761 1930....... 2,167,802 476,813 1.815.000 1,706,340
1928 1,568,139 .................... 303,726 1,473,434 1,814,034 138,944 1037 2,407,620 .................... 528,364 2,108,800 2, 005,434
1929 1,017,093 .................... 413,276 1,959,294 2,233,688 158,410 1038 2,295,502 .................... 500,698 2,035,562 2,150, 574
1930 1,943,421 .................... 410,090 2,088,778 2,210,494 128,160 1030 1__ 2,435,000 530,025 2.080.000 2,095,632
STATE
Total7.............
NATURAL GAS PRODUCED AND MARKETED
NATURAL
GAS
CON­
SUMED
NATURAL G A SO LIN E
PRODUCED
V alue
03,732
40, 244
64, 308
00, 523
70,040
84, 572
07,126
87,266
94,300
1925 1930 1935 1937 1938 1938 1937 1038 1039 1
1,188, 571 1,943,421 1,910,999 a, 407,620 2, 295, 562 2, 294, 097 2,085,434 2,158, 574 2,096, 632
Arkansas................. 41,878 18,585 0,107 9, 690 11, 301 34,833 11, 285 25,648 24,631
California................ 187,780 334,789 284,109 329,769 315,168 315,168 623,894 660,890 .606,631
Illinois...................... 4,165 2,890 1,448 1,040 1,162 66,500 2,667 2,436 3,817
Kansas.............- — 26,917 37,630 67.125 83,890 75,203 86,105 57,026 55,988 60, 567
Kentucky................ 10,770 28,023 39,738 65,719 46,168 15, 350 7,344 7,040 8,464
Louisiana................ 152, 02C 278,341 249,450 316,301 283,899 162.260 106,415 95,634 92,066
Montana_________ 1,496 10,060 19,870 24,765 21,216 818,225 2,296 1,768 2,161
Now Mexico........... « 0,407 27,931 140,337 450,706 32,890 38,253 49,506 54,555
New York............... «6,21C * 9,024 * 8,288 «21,325 «39,402 47,950 33 27 34
Ohio......................... 43,235 03,394 49.592 42,783 35,257 108,013 7,704 7,382 7, 444
Oklahoma..............- 249,285 348,116 274,313 296,2GC 263,164 244,443 402,290 408,499 434,797
Pennsylvania_____ 103,632 88,700 794,464 7115,928 770,547 96,285 13,940 10,734 12, 178
Texas_____ ______ *134,872 * 617,880 8642,366 8854,561 »882,473 729,603 615,281 685,920 704,707
W. Virginia______ 180,345 144,180 115,772 149,084 134,342 57,478 50,379 60,398 60, 612
Wyoming ............... 46,639 43,219 26,043 31,023 26,678 18,654 *33,915 * 30,647 * 30, 676
i Preliminary.
* Includes States not shown separately.
3 Includes 372,000,000 cubic feet piped from Canada.

GAS 7 8 9
N o. 7 9 9 .— M a n u f a o t u r e d - G a s I n d u s t r y — F u e l C o n s u m e d , by K in d a nd
b y U s e : 1932 t o 1939
Note .—Coal and coke in thousands of tons of 2,000 pounds; oil in thousands of gallons. Companies formerly
distributing manufactured gas but which were distributing natural gas at the beginning of 1030 have
been excluded from the figures for all years. The figures do not include fuels used in production of coke
oven gas which is purchased by gas companies from coke and steel companies ior public distribution
1932 1933 1934 1335 1936 1937 1938 1939
By kiDd;
Anthracite i................................... 115 132 185 126 144 178 181 100
Bituminous coal.............. , ........... 7,617 7, 314 7,909 7,608 7,678 7,352 6,715 6,653
Coke purchased............................. 789 870 781 740 720 662 729 674
Coke made in p lan t2.................... 1,450 1,321 1,282 1,338 1,338 1,347 1,256 1,413
Coke breeze........................ ........ 500 487 490 502 466 309 308 342
Oil!................................................. 1548,014 497, 272 492,410 475, 930 615,016 825,817 585,702 a 629,151
Coal and coke, by use;
Generator fuels2.............. -............ 1,934 1,031 1,700 1, 355 1, 723 1,718 1,707 1,790
Boiler fuels1................................... 903 857 912 892 899 907 813 772
Bituminous coal carbonized____ 6,782 0,711 7,214 0, 876 6,895 6,603 6,060 6,036
Bench and producer fuels............. 752 765 812 796 729 710 068 075
i Includes screenings. * Includes fuel used in production oi reformed oil refinery gas.
a Oil used. For 1939, for carburetting water gas, 633,910,000 gallons; lor making oil gas, 66,879,000 gallons;
for boiler fuel, 39,302,000 gallons.
N o. 8 0 0 . — M a n o t a c t u b e d - G a s a n d N a t u r a l -G a s I n d u s t r ie s — S u m m a r y :
1932 t o 1939
Note.—Population served and number of customers in thousands, gas produced, purchased, and sold in
millions of cubic feet; revenue in thousands of dollars. Companies formerly distributing manufactured
gas but which were distributing natural gas at the beginning of 1939 have been excluded from the figures
for manufactured gas and included with those for natural gas for all years shown in this table. Companies
selling mixed manufactured and natural gas are included with data for manufactured gas. Figures
for natural gas do not include natural gas used in field operations or in the manufacture of carbon black,
or gas used by distributing companies in the conduct of their gas operations
1932 1933 1934 1986 1930 1937 1938 1939
MANUFACTURED-GAS INDUSTRY
Population served, Dec. 31..............
Miles of main, Dec. 31....................
46,620 47,009 47,261 47,263 47,396 47,847 48,080 48,259
87,300 88,500 88.700 89,800 90.100 90,800 90,900 92.000
Employees. Dec. 31....... ................... 62,800 60,300 68,400 67,900 60,600 69,400 67,600 67,400
Total gas producer] and purchased 356.556 342,558 300,214 304,186 374,375 377,445 372,014 386,365
Gas produced........................ 247,362 230,970 237,207 234,438 238,540 236,442 232,384 242,803
Gas purchased.......................... . 109,194 111, 688 123,007 120,747 135,826 141,003 139,630 143,502
Total number of customers, Dec.
311.................................................. 9,205 9, ICO 9,330 9,466 9,048 9,889 9,872 10,045
Domestic.................................... 8,73C 8,664 8,792 8,010 9,012 9,220 0,184 9,325
House heating........................... 50 79 115 131 171 202 225 264
Industrial and commercial____ 407 408 414 410 456 458 454 447
Total gas sales to consumers 1 ^ 327,901 311, 431 323,022 328,328 340,160 348,655 348,644 362,409
D om estic................................... 239,459 222,176 215,608 205,710 107,24C 194,350 197,052 193,455
House heating............................. 18,955 20,013 28,165 34,097 41,146 45,525 47,918 55,883
Industrial and commercial........ 67,248 67,252 77,207 85,994 99,572 100,056 101,430 111,078
Total revenue from consumers1___ 381,711 352,711 364. 023 351,191 355,083 357,530 357,827 305.150
Domestic..................................... 301,785 277,726 272, 045 263,811 257,287 255,075 256,418 255,131
House heating.......................... 14,587 14,080 18,811 22,601 26,144 28,472 30,809 35,930
Industrial and commercial........ 63,743 50,386 61,701 63,280 70,141 72,507 69,061 72,774
NATURAL-GAS INDUSTRY
33,127 33,726 34,208
183.400 186,600 190,300
00,300 63,800 65,300
Total number of customers, Dee. 31. 6,128 6,177 6,391 6,605 6,817 7,000 7,216 7,454
Domestic *................................. - 5,671 6,716 5,911 6,104 0,202 0,521 6,650 6,870
Commercial.._______________ 430 433 447 468 488 605 524 541
Industrial3.......................... ....... 27 28 33 33 37 4C 42 43
Total gas sales to consumers........ 834,010 862.388 976,141 1,053,806 1,215,930 1,314,907 1,210,850 1,328,243
Domestic*.................................... 320,641 300,286 303,321 320,733 339,893 359.89C 352,238 372,971
Commercial................................. 77,100 73,781 79.153 88,115 96,75S 103,22C 100, 743 109,314
Industrial3 ............................... 436, 269 488,321 593,fifl? 644, Q5S 779, 27? 851,707 767,875 845,958
Total revenue from consumers.___ 342,661 320,88C 347,067 376,38? 412,444 443,401 415,756 448,850
Domestic2.............. ................ . . 228,063 213,496 213,01C 225,445 237,21C 248,175 242,178 255,80S
38,996 87,165 38,370 42,314 46,463 48,642 47,147 50,362
Industrial3.................................. 75, 593 79,228 95,072 108,029 128,771 146,601 126,481 142,692
1Including data for the miscellaneous group not separately shown. 2Including house heating.
* Including data for electric generation.
Source of tables 799 and 800; American Gas Association, Annual Statistics of the Manufactured-Gas
and Natural-Gas Industries, Statistical Bulletins Nos. 40 and 41.

7 9 0 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
N o . 8 0 1 .— Gab P r i c e s — 'M o n t h l y P r i c e s o p S p e c i f i e d Q u a n t i t i e s , b y C i t i e s
______________________________ [Based on rate as of Deo, 16, 1939]
CITY
Kind
of
gas’
Heating
value
per
cubic
foot in
British
thermal
units
EQUIPMENT AND AVERAGE MONTHLY CONSUMPTION FOR 5-BOOM
HOUSE
Range, 10.6
therms8
Monthly
bill
Price
per
therm
Range and
manual water
heater, 19.6
therms ’
Monthly
bill
Price
per
therm
Range and
automatio*
water heater,
80.6 therm s’
Monthly
bill
Price
per
therm
Range, automatio
>water
heater, and refrigerator,
40.0 therms’
Monthly
bill
Price
per
therm
Dollars Cents Dollars Cents Dollars Cents Dollars Cents
Atlanta..................... ' N 980 1.78 16.8 2.70 13.8 3.77 12.3 4.38 10.8
Baltimore.________ M 600 1.80 17.0 3.33 17.0 4.78 15.6 0.08 15.0
Birmingham............ M 620 1.63 15.4 3.02 16.4 4.70 15.4 8.25 16.4
Boston......... — . M 635 2.78 26.2 4.13 21.1 6,78 18.0 7.27 17. 9
M 535 2.28 21.5 4.21 21.5 5.63 18.4 7.12 17.6
Buffalo___________ X 900 .77 7.2 1.42 7.2 2.21 7.2 2.93 7.2
Butte___________ N 850 1.11 10.6 1.59 8.1 2.17 7.1 2,70 6.7
Charleston, S. 0.:
Immediate______ M 650 2.70 25.5 4.08 25.5 7.19 23.5 9.01 22.2
Objective1............ M 650 m w 4.42 22.6 5.92 19.3 7.28 17.9
Chicago................... X 800 2.26 21.3 3,65 18.6 6.01 10.4 5.71 14.1
Cincinnati................ X 930 .85 8.0 1.52 7.8 2.29 7.5 2.07 7.3
Cleveland_________ N 1,100 1.11 10.5 . 1.56 8.0 2.11 6.9 2.61 6.4
Columbus ............... N 1,050 *.75 7.1 1.03 5.2 1. 60 5.2 2.13 5. 2
N 1,060 ‘ .73 7.1 .90 4.6 1.40 4.6 1.80 4.6
Dallas____ _______ N 1,030 1.26 11.9 1.84 9.4 . 2.64 8.3 3.19 7.0
D enver7. ________ N . 825 2.18 20.6 3.36 17.1 4.20 13.7 4.84 U .9
D etroit:1
Immediate______ N l t 014 3.71 16.1 3.18 16.1 4.03 16.1 6.55 16.1
Promotional4____ N 1,014 1.55 14.6 2.51 12.8 3.68 12.0 4.76 11.7
Fall River________ M £28 2.53 23.9 4.00 20.7 5.94 10.4 7.04 18. 8
H o u sto n ....—. ___ N ' 1,066 1.14 10.8 1.70 8.7 2.87 7.7 2.98 7.3
Indianapolis______ M £70 1.58 14.0 2.92 14.9 4.67 14.9 6.06 14.9
Jacksonville_______ M 536 8.97 37.5 5.73 29.3 7.60 24.8 9. 27 22,8
Kansas City ’ ____ N 1,010 1.33 12.6 2.12 10.8 3.05 10.0 8.88 9.6
Little S a a k 7______ 1,000 1.11 10.4 1.61 8 . 2 2.23 7.3 2 .7 0 6.9
Los Angeles_____ _ N 1,100 1.20 11.3 1.69 8.6 2.25 7.4 2.76 fi.S
Louisville *................. IT 000 .98 9.2 1.58 8.0 2.20 7.2 2.78 6.8
Manchostar_______ M 625 2.85 25.8 4.82 24.8 5.07 18.5 6.92 17.0
Memcbis_________ N 980 1.51 14.3 2.48 12.7 3.60 11.8 4.21 10.4
Milwaukee................ tvt £20 1.76 10.8 2.80 14.7 4.20 13.9 6.51 13.6
Minneapolis.............. X 800 1. 92 18.1 3.01 16.4 4.34 14.2 5.50 13.6
Mobile: Present....... N 970 2.24 21.1 3.40 17.3 4.72 15.4 5.40 13.8
Objective N 970 2. 04 19.2 2.97 15.2 4.04 13.2 4.00 11.5
Newark..................... W 626 2.89 26.4 4.31 22.0 6.06 19.8 7.20 18.0
Now Haven_______ M 528 2.41 22.7 4.11 21.0 6.20 20.3 8.00 19.9
New O rleans...,___ N 950 1.26 11.0 2.10 10.7 3.16 10.3 4.09 10.1
New York:8
Bronx, Manbattan.
and Queens. 1VT 6*0 2.32 21.9 4.30 21.9 6.72 21.9 8.91 21.9
Brooklyn................ M 540 2.36 22.3 3.83 19.6 6.30 17.3 0.48 16.0
M £40 2.48 23.2 4.09 20.9 6.09 19.9 7.90 10.6
M 540 2.61 24.8 4.28 21.8 6.90 19.5 7.10 17.7
Richmond.............. ■TVT 540 3.14 29. Q 5.15 26.3 7.16 23.3 8.95 22.1
Norfolk___________ M 530 2.40 22.6 4.36 22.2 6.62 21.6 8.61 21.0
Omaha___________ M £35 1.48 13.7 2.27 11.0 3.26 10.6 4.16 10.2
Peoria_____ ______ N 1,000 2.12 20.0 3.64 18.6 4.67 16.3 5.67 13.7
Philadelphia_______ M 530 1.80 17.0 3.26 16.6 5.00 16.4 6.61 16.3
Pittsburgh •_______ N 1,100 « LOO 9.4 1.07 6.4 1.67 5.4 2.21 5,4
W 1, US 5 1.00 9,4 1.06 5.4 1.64 5.4 2.18 5.4
Portland, M a in e.... M 525 3.08 28.5 6.10 26.3 6.61 21.3 8.03 10.8
Portland, Oregon___ ■M 570 2.34 22.0 3.98 20.3 5.33 17.4 6.61 16,3
Providence—............. M 510 2. 57 24.3 4.16 21.2 6.10 19.9 7.86 10.4
Richmond________ M 525 2.63 24.8 4.78 24.4 6.05 19.8 7.70 10.1
Rochester_______ — M 537 1.07 18.0 3.66 18.6 6.66 18.2 7.06 17.4
St. Louis’_________ X. 800 2.04 10.3 3.20 16.3 4.38 14.3 5.45 13.4
St. Paul---------------- M 650 1.98 18.7 3.16 16.1 4.59 15.0 5.87 14.5
Salt Lake City ’---- N 865 2.12 20.0 3.27 18.7 4.16 13.6 4.86 12.0
San Francisco......... N 1,150 1.18 11.2 1.65 8.4 2.22 7.2 2.68 6,6
Savannah.................. M 535 2.48 23.3 4.58 23.3 7.15 23.8 9.49 23.3
Scranton__________ M 520 2.89 27.2 4,57 23.3 6.77 18.8 7.00 18.7
Seattle___________ M 500 3.10 29.2 5.36 27.3 6.32 17.4 6.45 15.9
Springfield, III.......... N 1,000 1. 91 18.0 3,36 17-1 4.47 ' 14.6 5.37 13.2
Washington_______ X 604 1.51 14.2 2.80 13.7 3.06 12.0 5.06 12.5
i M , manufactured; N, natural; X, mixed, 8 Automatic storage or instantaneous water heater,
81 therm equals 100,000 British thermal units. 4 Bate designed to encourage greater use of gas.
5 The “Objective" rate is not applicable for customers using 10.6 therms for the reason that the bill would
be higher than that computed under the “Immediate” rate.
* Minimum oharge. ®Prices include 3-percent sales tax,
7 Prices include 2-percent sales tax. ®Reports from 2 companies with identical rates.
Source: Dept, of Labor, Bur. of Labor Statistics; published in Retail Prices, Dec., 1939.

PETROLEUM AND PRODUCTS '791
No. 8 0 2 .—Petroleum, Crude—P roduction: 1861 to 1939
Quantities in thousands of barrels (43 gallons); rallies in thousands of dollars)
YEARLY
AVERAGE
Quantity Value YEAR Quantity Value
TEAK
Quart tit;
Value
18Q1-1865___ 2,479 9,966 1910_______ 209,657 127,900
1866-1870— . 4,013 16,795 1911.............. 220,440 134,045
1871-1876— . 8,221 16,430 1912............. 222,936 164,213
1876-1880___ 16,816 22,926 1913.............. 248,446 237,121
1881-1886— 26,608 22,933 1914.............. 265,763 214,126
1886-1890— 32, 990 23,830 1016.............. 281,104 179,463
1891-1896___ 51, 095 36,708 1016.............. 300,707 330,900
1896-1900— 60,408 56,830 1917.............. 335.316 522.635
L901-1006-__ 102,083 ©,624 1918.............. 355,028 703,944
1906-1910-__ 172,769 119,572 1019.............. 378,307 760,206
1911-1915.__ 247,739 185,793 1920.............. 442,929 1,360,746
1910-1920.__ 302,061 736,698 1921_______ 472,1© 814,745
1921-1926-__ 047,901 999,180 1922.............. 667,631 805, 111
1926-1930..- 895,762 1,205.217 1923.............. 732,407 978,430
1931-1935— 889,311 741,071 1924............. 713,940 1,022, 683
1Estimated.
Source: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines; Minerals Yearbook.
1926-..............
1926 _
1927 .
1928 .
763,743
770,874
901,129
901,474
1929 . 1,007,323 1,280,417
1930 .................... 898, Oil .................... 1, 070, 200
1931 .................... 851,081 .................... 560,630
1932 _ 786,169 080,460
1933-_______ 906,656 008,000
1934............... 908,065 904,825
1936________ 996,596
1936_______ 1,090,687
1937-............ - 1,279,160
1938............. 1,214,356
lB3B(prel.) — 1, 264, 256
1,284,960
1,447,700
1.172.880
1.064.880
901,440
1,199,820
I , 513,340
1,373, 060
II, 265,000
No. 8 0 3 .— P etroleum, Crude and Refined—Production, Imports, E xports,
and B unker Oil Laden on Vessels in F oreign T rade: 1871 to 1939
N o t e .—Exports of refined oils include residuum prior to 1913 and exclude it thereafter. Exports exolude
reexports of imported oils. General imports through 1033; imports for consumption thereafter
QUANTITY (THOUSANDS OV BARRELS OP 43 GALLONS)
VALUE (M ILLIONS O P DOLLARS)
PERIOD
Production,
crude
oil
Crude
oil
Imports
Refined
oils
Crude
oil
Exports
Refined
oils
Bunker
oil
Imports
Crude
oil
Refined Crude
oils oil
Exports
Refined
oils
Bunker
oil
1871-1880____ 12.619 m fl)
528 6,020 (>) (■) m 2 .4 3 7 .7 0 )
1881-1800____ 29,249 0
W
1,719 12,084
f1) w 5 .1 4 3 .7 m
1891-1895____ 51,096 v )
0 2,606 10,761 1 m w 6 .0 4 0 .8 (!)
1896-1900____ 69,498 0 ) 0 ) 2,907 20,240 § « {*) 6 .8 5 7.1 (i)
1901-1905____ 102,083 « 0 ) 3,029 22,317 (>) (») 6 .3 6 8 .5
(‘)
1906-1910____ 172.769 *295 ( ' 3,680 30,521 * 0.7 1 6 .4 9 0 .4 >5
1911-1916____ 247,730 12,080 293 4,134 44,475 (0 7 .6 1.1 6 .1 125.8 W
1016-1920____ 362,661 49,631 1,390 6,413 58,896 11,681 26.5 5 .0 1 4.1 3 23.7 2 4.2
1921-1025____ 647,901 94,857 12,545 13,330 76,456 36,501 68.0 22.2 2 2 .5 363.6 55.9
1926-1930____ 895,762 67,919 23,770 20,002 119,700 60.198 78.6 51.8 3 0 .2 404.7 02.3
1931-1935.. 880,811 38,395 23,902 30,413 3 70, 892 34,808 27.3 22.3 3 8 .2 3 164.3 31.3
1923................... 732,407 82,015 17,692 17,001 77,893 37,682 63.9 24.3 2 3 .1 327.0 52.2
1024................... 713.940 77,776 16,700 17, 006 93, 411 43,328 78.8 20.9 2 0 .5 392.8 58.0
1926................... 763,743 61,824 10,324 13,126 93,843 42,827 75.4 31.3 2 4 .3 422. 6 6 8.2
1920................... 770,874 60,382 20,902 16,406 108.398 46,662 7 6.3 44.0 2 8 .5 497.2 71.0
1927.................... 901,120 58,383 13,281 15,843 116,390 50,051 78.6 33.6 2 5 .0 429.7 73.0
1028................... 901,474 79,707 11,701 18,901 126,159 51,226 90.5 40.9 2 6 .8 465.2 59.4
1929................... 1,007,323 78,933 29.632 20,304 126,377 52,278 70,9 61.0 3 7 .8 403.4 54.7
1930................... 898,011 62,129 43,331 23,704 122,167 50,773 64.9 78.7 3 2 .2 438.2 53.6
1931................... 85.1,081 47,250 38,702 25,685 91,009 43,714 3 0.2 52.1 2 0 ,8 232.3 38.8
1932.................... 786,150 44,700 30,228 27,301 1 09,348 38,152 30.4 20.2 2 7 .1 * 168.1 20,4
1933.................... 905,660 31.008 13,257 36,584 3 61.419 32,272 17.7 7 .1 3 2 .0 3 161.3 27,1
1934.................. 908,005 36,772 14,952 41,127 S 64,750 29,899 25.0 9 .6 4 9 .8 3 159.5 31.3
1935.................... 996,696 32,346 22,369 61,430 » 07,932 30,304 23.4 18.6 6 1 .2 3 169.9 29.9
1930............. 1,090,087 32,007 25,460 50,313 2 71, 402 33,407 23.2 16.6 60.3 3 179.0 34.3
1937................... 1,279,160 27,310 38,088 67,127 3 93,464 37,688 2 0.8 2 2 .4 06.4 3 253.4 43.5
1938.................... 1,214,355 28,048 27,891 77,264 •102,124 36,059 18.6 10.7 111.6 3 249.6 37.8
1939 (prol.) _. 1,264,256 34,106 27,350 72,064 • 103, 627 37,036 23.3 18.7 9 2 .8 3 263.1 39.0
1Data aro not available. 3Average for years 1908-10 for total mineral oils.
3 Not including natural gasoline (308,000 barrels valued at $533,000 in 1032, 1,657.000 barrels a t $3,395,000
in 1933, 1,495,000 barrels at $2,729,000 in 1034, 1,645,000 barrels at $3,335,000 in 1936, 1,904,000 barrels at
$4,227,000 In 1930. 3,738,000 barrels at $0,405,000 in 1937, 6,114,000 barrels at $13,059,000 in 1038, and 4,111,000
barrels at $8,739,000 in 1939), included with refined oils prior to 1932.
Sources: Production* Dept, of the Interior, Bur. of Mines; Minerals Yearbook. Im ports and exports,
Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of Foreign and Domestic Commerce: annual report, Foreign Commerce and
Navigation of the tf, S. Also published currently in Monthly Summary of Foreign Commerce of the TJ. S.

7 9 2 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS'
No. 8 0 4 .— P etroleum, Crude— World P roduction; United States P roduction
b t Regions and States: 1911 to 1939
SECTION
£Tn thousands of barrels of 42 gallons]
1026-
1930
(aver-
• age)
1911-
m s
(average)
1916-
1920
(average)
1621-
1925
(average)
1931-
1935
(average)
1036 1937 1938
i m
r r .
nary)
World total*................ 384, 345 641,733 944,777 1,318,390 1,460,372 1,804,925 2,041,715 1,987,723 2,076,772
United. States*____ 247,739 362,661 647,661 895, 702 889,311 1,099,687 1,279,180 1,214,355 1,264,266
Percent of total___ 64.5 ee.e 88,8 68.0 60.9 80.9 69.7 61.1 SO. 9
Regions:
Appalachian............ 24, 594 27,161 28,604 31, 603 30,079 34,322 30,004 34, 731 34, 209
Lima—N. E. Ind.*—
Mich..................... 6,052 3,468 2,208 3,603 10,050 12,706 17,272 19,352 23, 401
Illinois—S. W. Indiana
*...................... 24.955 13, 918 9,585 7, 496 5,326 5,277 8,825 25,046 95,725
Mid-oontlnent......... 87,056 184,618 343. 545 527. 044 566,251 669,538 774,369 677.521 666,656
Gulf.......................... 12,357 24, 273 33,638 64,140 75,401 140,562 176,743 182,217 190,909
Rocky M ountain... 2,605 11, S3C 35,268 26,468 17,984 22,500 ■ 26,966 25,739 29,102
California........... .. 90,612 97, 384 105,074 241, 509 384, 221 214,773 238, 521 249, 749 224, 354
States:
36,044 35, 010 12,144 10,469 11,764 18,180 21,143
California............... 90,612 97, 384 195,074 241,609 184, 221 214,773 238,521 249,749 224,354
Colorado_________ 211 139 392 2,477 1,260 1,666 1,005 1,412 1, 391
Illinois...................... 24,955 13,918 8,815 6,654 4,551 4,475 7,499 24,076 94,302
Indiana........ ............ 1.167 866 1,011 937 80C 822 844 995 1,443
Kansas...................... 2,236 32, 556 32.733 41,123 43,033 58,317 70,761 60,064 60,723
Kentucky-............ — 484 5, 335 8,044 7,103 5,494 5,632 5,484 5,821 5,581
Louisiana.......... ...... 12,997 19,117 25,759
Michigan_________
1
Montana..............
129 2,729
22,338
1,918
4,826
3,171
2,766
30,396
9,004
3,153
15,829
3,618
80,491
11,928
5,868
27, 223
4, 603
90,924
10,828
5,805
38,854
5,478
95,208
18, 745
4, 040
35, 750
5,045
93,869
22,790
5,961
37.323
6,098
554
New York....... ........ 920 804 1,274
Ohio.................... — 8,586 7, 583 7, 045 7,022 4,504 3,847 3,550 3,298 3,156
Oklahoma.............. 08.624 102,209 155. 088 235.663 176,293 206, 555 228,830 174,904 160,072
Pennsylvania........... 8,002 7, 002 7,607 10,613 13,443 17,07C 19,189 17, 426 17,337
Texas........ 16.256 55.008 127, 009 246,792 364,341 427,411 510,31E 475,800 484,527
West Virginia_____ 10,487 8,311 6,575 5. 055 4,032 3,847 3,845 3, 684 3, 580
Wyoming......... 2,394 11, 562 31,001 21,145 13,158 14, 582 19,108 19,022 21,417
1Estimated. aIncludes for certain years small quantities not distributed by regions and States.
* Southwestern Indiana reported with Illinois beginning 1921; previously with Lima-Indiana region.
* N o t shown separately prior t o 1024. 8 Average for years 1924 and 1925.
No. 8 0 5 .— P e tr o le u m and P e tr o le u m P rod u cts— S tock s on D ecem b er 31:
1920 to 1939
[In thousands of barrels of 42 gallons]
Crude petroleum, total1..........
Gasoline bearing:
At refineries 3........-........
Pipe Uno and tank farm *._
Producers’ *..... ................
Nongasolino boaring (Call!.
heavy crude) *— ..............
Natural gasoline---------- -----
Refined products, total >■____
Gasoline--- ----- ------- -----
Kerosene..---------- --------
Gas oil and fueloil*............
Lubricants..........................
Grand total stooks all oils__
1920 1025 1030 1935 1937 1038 193ft
149,448 345, B63 f 408,809
\ M il, 882
} 314, 855 f 306,826
1*320,338
291,425
2 290,027
} 262, 240
28, 703 *29, 607 * 41,180 47,633 51, 041 51, 551 40, 216
117, 169 *308, 098
V'361,138 f * 361,006 } 256, 793 / 244, 545 211,031
t ’243,552 2211,138 } 178, 540
3, 586 7, 560 6, 60S 10, 529 11, 240
I r 210, 11,470
871 } 11,149
c> (6) (*)
*14,605
.
10,467 13,330
w ’ 326 J t ’ 2,377
3,100 ) 3,698 4,758 4,830 4,421
60,397 206,275
\ f 8 254,311
261, 680
} 223,361 / 263,413 259,665
\ *239,901 3259,613 } 256,249
11,009 38,918 j \ 340,098 40,541 } 50,047 69.892 65,940 77,301
9,359 7,121 883 7,015 7,083 7,799 7,670
19, 988 110, 464
12 r 137,790 140,428 } 103, 984 / 117,685 J 126, 619 114,148
\n04,073
3, 822 7, 253 10, 971 7, 025 7,612 7,695 7,142
209, 845 552,464 / \ 2660, 666,497
062 } 541,914 564,997
f 555,920
\ 2554,470 | 512,010
1 California heavy crude and luol oil included in refined products as residual luol oil, 1928 through 1037.
• For comparison with succeeding year. 1Includes foreign crude held by importers,
i Refinery stooks in California includod in pipe-line and tank-farm stocks.
Producers’ stocks In California included in pipe-line and tank-farm stooks prior to 1933.
• Not available. ’ At plants only. 'Includes wax, coke, and asphalt.
Source of tables 804 and 80G: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines; Minerals Yearbook.

pe t r o l e u m : a n d pr o d u c t s 7 9 3
No. 806.— O i l s , C r u d e a n d R e p in e d — S u p p l y a n d D e m a n d : 1933 t o 1939
[In thousands of barrels of 42 gallons]
1933 1934 1935 1035 1937 1938 1939
(pro.)
Total new supply of all oils____ 980.22$ 996,823 1,090,436 1,202,063 1, 388,284 1,321,774 1,375,491
Domestic production, total- 940,834 946,329 1,037,800 1,144,950 1, 331,127 1,267,466 1,316,692
C rude petroleum___ ___ 005,066 008,065 906,590 1,099,687 1,279,160 1,214,365 1,264,258
Natural gasoline............. 33.810 36,656 39,333 42,770 49,177 51,347 49,896
Benzol..... ......................... 1,368 1,708 1,871 2,502 2.790 1,764 2,440
Im ports—
C rude................................ 31,893 35,658 32,230 32,327 27,484 26,412 33,095
Refined 1.......................... 13,501 14,936 20,306 24,777 29,073 27,896 25,804
Change in stockss____________ +11,013 —37,84B —22,238 -22,686 +45,788 -0,077 -42,278
Total dem and................................. 975, 215 1,034,671 1,112,673 1,224,748 1,342,518 1,330,851 1,417,767
Exports 8“
Crude__________ _____ 36,684 41,127 51,430 60,313 67,234 77,254 72,073
Refined *......................... 70.143 73,380 77,557 81,681 105, 600 116,474 116,909
D om estic1— ...................... - 868,488 020,164 083,686 1,092,754 1,169, 682 1,137,123 1,228,785
1Includes wax, coke, asphalt, and residuum in barrels. Data from Bur. of Foreign and Domestic Com-
* Data Include crude petroleum, refined products, and natural gasoline.
a Includes shipments to noncontiguous territories. D ata from Bur. of Foreign and Domestic Commerce.
4Includes bunker oil put on vessels engaged in foreign trade.
Source: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, except as noted; Minerals Yearbook.
No, 8 0 7 .— P e t r o l e u m P r o d u c t s — P r o d u c t i o n , b y K i n d : 1933,1935, a n d 1937
PRODUCTS
Q U A N T IT Y (T H O U S A N D S O F G A L L O N S
U N L E S S O T H E R W IS E S P E C IF IE D )
V A L U E (TH O U SA N D S O F D O L L A R S)
19331 1935 1937 1 9 3 3 1 1935 1937
Refinery products, total value. I, 359,908 1,830,384 2,637,081
Gasoline........................................ 16.004,531 18, 505, 807 22, G20,325 750,183 1,023,578 1,447,688
Naphtha......................................... 228,516 216, 006 281,391 12.251 13, 223 19,381
Illuminating oils........................... 1,040,863 2,194, 731 2, 508,045 78,128 94,179 123,681
Fuel oils......................... ................ 18,290,107 15, 905,200 19,243, 714 253,237 859,487 512, 904
Distillates................................ 1,508,810 1, 782,051 2,097,561 49,648 60,983 122,187
Gas oils........................... -___ 1,077,443 2, 709,138 3,153,937 53,931 85,550 110,428
Residual fuel oils.................... 0,718,848 11, 414,01G 13,092, 210 149, 058 212,005 280,280
Partially refined oils sold for rerunning.......................................
Above fuel oil.........................
Fuel oil....................................
Below fuel oil.........................
1,180,068
760,607
845,215
24,166
1,042,278
737,007
270, 557
28, 712
1, 147,454 23,784 31,658 38,726
838,758
247,723
0 (*)
60,973 1 «
Lubricating oils 3. .......................... 1,047,212 1,274,384 1,517,103 142,444 186,534 245, 668
Black, cylinder, red, neutral,
pale, and paraffin................ 050,475 777,072 970, 503 74,178 1 0 4 ,9 8 6 133,986
All other lubricating oils, including
compounded (excopt
cylinder) oils............... 3 9 0 , 7 3 6 4 0 7 ,3 1 3 5 4 6 , 6 1 0 6 8 ,2 6 6 8 1 ,5 4 7 111, 081
Liquid asphaltic road oils............ 3 0 0 , 2 4 3 4 0 8 , 0 6 8 4 8 1 ,1 3 5 8 ,3 4 3 1 3 ,3 4 0 1 0 ,4 1 8
Residuum or tar.......................... 6 4 ,0 7 7 8 8 , 5 2 0 2 0 , 4 2 1 1 ,2 7 1 1 ,6 9 0 853
Greases__ __________________ 4 1 ,9 2 3 4 9 . 9 1 9 6 1 ,0 2 6 9 ,2 5 1 1 2 ,7 4 0 1 7 ,2 1 0
Potrolatum, mineral jelly, etc. 1 4 ,7 1 1 1 8 , 3 2 7 2 3 , 0 8 8 1 ,8 5 5 2, 6 0 8 3 ,0 3 2
Lubricating greases, including
axle greases.................... 2 7 , 2 1 2 3 1 , 5 9 1 3 8 , 8 4 3 7 ,3 9 6 1 0 ,1 3 2 1 3 ,2 8 4
Paraffin wax.................................. 7 2 ,8 5 2 7 6 , 4 0 6 0 0 , 6 0 8 1 2 ,2 1 1 1 4 ,4 4 7 1 9 ,2 1 3
Acid oil.......................................... 8 5 ,6 2 7 0 4 , 2 6 8 5 7 , 033 1 ,0 1 5 1 ,2 1 9 1 ,0 1 6
Asphaltothor thanlictuld asphalt *. 1 ,7 9 0 2 , 1 5 4 2 ,9 7 1 1 7 ,9 3 2 2 3 ,2 3 3 3 1 ,3 5 2
Petroleum ooke *...........................
Other refinery products, value__
1 ,7 5 1 1 , 4 4 4 1 ,3 2 7 5 ,5 8 2
3 5 , 3 8 8
5 ,7 6 5
4 9 ,3 4 0
5 ,0 4 8
5 7 ,8 9 8
1Data Incomplete; see third paragraph of general note, p. 802. >No data.
3 Production in petroleum refineries only. * Thousands of tons of 2,000 pounds.
Souroe: Dopfc. of Commerce, Bur. of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.
2 6 7 7 0 6 * — 4 1 ------- 5 2

7 9 4 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
No. 8 0 8 .— P e t r o l e u m a n d N a t u r a l G a s o l i n e — A m o u n ts R u n t o S t i l l s ;
R e f i n e r y P r o d u c t i o n , S to c k s , E x p o r t s , a n d A p p a r e n t C o n s u m p tio n
o f P r o d u c t s : 1918 t o 1939
N ote.—Stocks arts those in refiners' hands only. Hence “ apparent oonBumptlon” represents deliveries
by refiners to dealers and consumers. Exports include shipments to noncontiguous territories, Consumption
figures for theseveraiproduots take into account imports not shown separately
fin thousands of barrels of 42 gallons, except as indicated]
ITEM 1918 1920 1925 1930 1936 1037 1038
1939
(p rel.)
C ru d e oil ru n to stills........ ....... 320,026 433,916 739,920 927,447 966,790 1,183,440 1,105,015 3,237,840
D om estic............... ............ 324,618 372,779 098,682 866,016 933,669 1,167,444 1,138,828 1,204,350
Foreign.................... ............ 1,407 61,136 41,338 60,832 82,131 25,906 26,187 33,400
N atural gasoline run to stills
or blended at refineries_____ 2,451 3,163 119,636 » 43,170 '31,026 139,381 » 39,961 i 40,320
Stocks of crude oil, end of year. 16,760 21,261 >29,200 a 41,136 47,633 51.041 51,551 49,215
M otor fuel:
Production_____________ 80,280 118,022 202,252 440,728 468,021 571,727 569,162 607,941
Exports (gasoline, natural
gasoline, and benzol)___ 13,660 16,678 31,684 06,575 30,613 38,306 50,109 44,659
Stocks, end of year---------- 7,080 11,009 38.918 40,008 >64,345 874,050 >70,779 > 81,722
A pparent consumption__ 76,672 102,937 226,329 394,800 434,810 519,352 523,003 552,557
Kerosene:
Production_____________ 43.401 55.240 60.689 49,208 55,813 65,308 64,580 08,521
E xports._____ _________ 11,820 20,878 21,212 16,884 6,661 8,886 7,504 8,243
Stocks, end of year______ 9.050 0,369 7,121 6,883 7,916 7,083 7.799 7,576
A pparent consumption__ 34,442 33,082 39,969 34,736 47,646 54,972 50,360 60,601
d a s oil and fuel oils:
Production_____________ 174,319 210,987 364,991 372.498 360,061 468,770 446,664 468,566
E xports.______ ________ 29,637 22,080 30,088 36,450 28,948 45,433 47,561 49,511
Stocks, end (if year______ 16,091 19,938 >24,681 14, 377 79,774 4,654 111,006 2,745
1Preliminary. 1 Includes 1,349,000 barrels run through pipe linee in 1938 and 1,147,000 barrels in 1939.
Source of tables 808 and 809: Dept, of the Interior, Bur. of Mines; Minerals Yearbook.
Wax

YEAR
PETROLEUM AND* PRODUCTS! 7 9 5
No. 810.— P e t r o l e u m P ip e L i n e s — S u m m a ry : 1921 t o 1939
[All figures, except miles of line operated, in thousands of dollars]
Miles of
line
operated
Investment
in pipe
lines
Pipe-line
operating
revenues
Pipe-line
operating
expenses
Pipe-line
operating
income
Net
income
1921............................ . 55,260 365,024 287,114 ’ 115,950 62,370 25,530 34,400
1926............................ 70,009 611,088 93,896 164,645 80,232 70,966 88,495
1030............................ 88,727 772,711 90,184 237,910 99,303 121,816 123,741
1931............................ 93,090 845,050 90, 606 222,944 96,237 116,767 120,738
1932............................ 92,783 763,042 41,754 211,789 86,003 110,019 112i 362
1933............................ 93,724 760,251 47,947 217,192 85.374 107,811 106,943
1934............................ 93,070 758,172 67,275 199,106 86,884 84,865 84,143
1936............................ 92,037 703,000 • 110,071 197,368 89,364 79,686 78,249
1936............................ 94,060 773,743 77,239 219,057 92,899 94.491 91,742
1937............................ 96,611 802,946 87,389 248, m 09,642 109,094 102, 720
1938............................ 95,775 807,657 70,666 228,211 98,766 95.128 80,346
1939............................ 98,681 829,646 65,124 212,466 97,130 83,401 74,611
Sourco: Records of Interstate Commerce Commission.
No. 8 1 1 .— P e t r o l e u m a n d P e t r o l e u m P r o d u c t s — P r i c e s , 1921 t o 1939,
a n d b y M o n t h s , 1939
N o t e .— Prices cf crude and fuel oil in dollars per barrel of 42 gallons; others in cents per gallon. All prices
___________________ are weighted averages compiled by Joseph E. Pogue____________________
YEAR
Crude'
Other
investments
Gasoline*
Kerosene
3
Fuel
oil*
Lubricating
oil*
MONTH, 1939 Crude* Gasoline*
Kerosene
3
F u el
oil*
L ubricating
o il8
Bolls. Cents Cents Dolls. Cents Dolls. Cents Cents Bolls. Cents
1921.............. 1.86 12.9 1.30 1.13 9.3 0.1 0.87 12.8
1926.............. 1.96 19.9 1 2 . 3 1.46 24.3 F eb ru ary___ 1.16 9.2 9 . 1 .88 13.0
1930 . ~ 1.80 16.4 12.1 .78 19.8 1.18 9.2 e.o .90 13.2
1931.............. .91 12.9 in a .57 14.7 1.18 9.2 8 . 9 .92 13.4
1932 1.02 13.2 Q A 14.5 1.18 9.8 8 . 9 .92 ia 4
1933 . __ .87 12.8 9.2 .67 14.7 1.16 9.6 8 . 9 .93 13.5
1934.............. 1. 21 13.fi 0. 5 .84 18.5 J u ly ............... 2. 1 0 9 . 6 8.9 .93 13.4
1935.............. 1.17 13.4 8.9 .80 14.4 1.14 9.6 8 . 9 .94 13.6
1930.............. 1.30 13.9 9.0 .92 16.3 S e p tem b er... 1.13 9.7 8.9 .96 16.9
1937_. 1.39 10,5 9.5 1.05 17.7 October.......... 1.18 9.8 9.0 .9 9 2 1 .6
1938.............. 1.25 9.9 9.6 .91 12.9 N o v e m b er.. . 1.22 9.7 9.1 .9 9 22.4
1939.............. 1.17 9.6 9 .0 .94 16.8 D ecem ber___ 1.24 9.6 9.2 .9 9 22.7
i Average for 6 important grades at wells.
1 Average based on sales in 60 cities (exclusive of all taxes). Prior to 1937, service-station prices; thereafter,
tank-wagon prices.
3 Average for 6 markets.
1Prior to 1938, average of 6 reflning-looation pricos; thereafter, 4. * Average of 6 grades at roflneries.
No. 8 1 2 .— Oil Wells, N umber a n d P r o d u c t i o n , 1937 a n d 1938, a n d N u m b e r
o p O i l a n d G a s W e l l s D r i l l e d , 1938 a n d 1939, b y S t a t e s
STATE
P R O D U C I N G O IL W E L L S WELLS MULLED 1
Approximate
number,
Dec, 31
Average production
per
well per day
(barrels)
Oil Gas Dry
1937 1938 1937 1038 1338 1030 m a i m m s 163$
Total............. 363,030 369,640 9 .8 9.1 18,433 17,486 2,236 2,146 6,043 6,357
Arkansas............... 2, 670 2,800 12.1 18.2 204 183 3 6 44 05
California *............ 13,460 13,930 50.0 60.0 993 852 7 15 265 251
Colorado................ 200 200 21.4 19.3 7 7 1 1 10 17
Illinois................... 14,110 16,800 1.5 4.4 1,806 2,943 23 18 408 621
Indiana.................. 1,240 1,260 1.9 2.2 46 176 43 44 69 156
Kansas................... 21,850 20,900 9.3 7 .7 1,108 977 260 160 402 309
Kentucky.............. 13,700 13,900 1.1 1,2 434 275 91 110 314 312
Louisiana............... 4,160 4,900 62.6 67.6 690 871 126 98 331 403
Michigan............... 1,780 2,140 20.0 26.2 666 813 28 52 406 527
Montana............... 1,600 1,620 10.4 8.4 69 114 21 26 27 37
New Mexico.......... 1,920 2,400 67.2 4 5 .4 494 525 10 18 67 03
New York............. 19,900 20,150 .8 . 7 p) (•),„ « Included in Pennsylvania.
* Inoludes Now York.
Source; Dept, of the Interior, Bur. of Mines; M inerals Yearbook, exoept as noted.

796 MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
No. 8 1 3 .— A s p h a l t — S u p p ly , D i s t r i b u t i o n , a n d V a l u e : 1933 t o 1939
1933 1034 1035 1930 1937 1038 1939
Total supply (1,000 tons of 2,000 pounds)........ 3,090 3, S7S 4,028 6,098 5,301 5, 575 5, m
Native asphalt and related bitumens:
Produced_________ _______ _____________ 313 441 347 581 485 478 400
Imported (chiefly lake asphalt)..... ..................... 22 16 54 22 29 24 •27
Petroleum asphalt (excluding road oil):
Produced at refineries from—
Domestic petroleum_______ ___________ 1, 237 1.445 1,802 2,327 2, 804 3,069
Foreign petroleum________ ____________ 1,219 1,396 1,485 1,738 1, 556 1,438
63 10 47
Stocks, Jan. 1__________ __________ .______ 209 276 339 430 364 557 490
Total distribution (1,000 tons of 2,000 pounds),. 3, 090 3, 573 4,028 5,098 fi, 301 5,576 5,979
Native asphalt and related bitumens:
Indicated domestic demand............................ ... 209 426 328 507 467 464 446
Exports (unmanufactured),_____ __________ 14 15 19 14 19 14 14
Petroleum asphalt (excluding road oil):
Indicated domestic demand (inch lake asphalt). 2, 200 2,569 3, 028 3,962 4, 049 4,405 4,769
Exports......... ...... ..................................... -........ 204 224 223 191 209 202 200
Stocks, Dec. 31................. ................. ....... .......... 276 339 430 364 557 490 550
VALUE (1,000 DOLLAKS)
Native asphalt and related bitumens:
Sales..................................-______ __________ 1, 705 2,300 2,149 3,261 3,019 % 875 3,067
Imports (chiefly lake asphalt)......... ...........:___ 278 222 545 316 396 378 303
Exports (unmanufactured)______ __________ 564 581 710 528 720 544 577
Petroleum asphalt (excluding road oil):
Sales...........-........... -___ ____ _____________ 23, 543 20,895 31,355 41,146 42,994 41, 381 40,892
260 39 189
Exports__________ I_____________________ 2,861 3,383 3,371 2,835 3, 111 3,030 3,098
No. 8 1 4 .— G y p su m — S u p p ly , S a l e s , I m p o r ts , a n d E x p o r t s : 1935 t o 1939
[Quantities in thousands of short tons (2,000 pounds); values in thousands of dollars]
1935 1930 1937 1938 1939
C ru d e g y p su m :
M in e d ................................................................................................. ______ 1,904 2, 713 3,058 2, G84 3,227
Im p o rte d ........................................................................................................ 450 677 897 789 1, 30B
A p p a re n t s u p p ly ......... ..................................................................... 2,354 3, 390 i 3,956 i 3,474 i 4, 535
C alcined g y p su m p ro d u ced :
S h o rt to n s........................................................................ ............................. 1,383 (>) 32,411 32, 253 32,881
V a lu e .......................................................- ...................................................... (3) (») 311, 076 310,990 3 14,621
G y p su m p ro d u c ts s o ld :4
U ncalcin ed :
S h o rt to n s ............................................................................................
V a lu e ......................... - .............................................................. ............
595
1,329
831
1,866
3861 31,921 3 757
3 1,681
3868
3 1,927
C alcined:
S h o rt to n s ......................- .................. ..................................................
V alu e................................------------------------------------------ ----------
1,553
22,358
2,210 32, 643 32, 556
31,089 336,880 334, 575
33, 224
344, 001
G y p su m a n d g y p s u m p ro d u c ts:
Im p o rte d fo r c o n su m p tio n , v a lu e .....................................................
E x p o rted , v a l u e ........................................................................................
720
186
892
256
1,168
271
1,002
283
1,305
309
1To avoid revealing confidential data, by-product gypsum is excluded.
2Data not collected.
3 Includes by-product gypsum.
1Gypsum products from domestic and imported crude.
Source of tables 813 and 814: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines; Minerals Yearbook.

PORTLAND CEMENT 7 9 7
No. 8 1 5 . — P o r t l a n d C e m e n t — P r o d u c t i o n , b y S t a t e s ; S h i p m e n t s , I m p o r t s ,
a n d S t o c k s : 1910 t o 1939
Note.—Imports are “ Imports for consumption ” and include all kinds of hydraulic cement, most of which
iB Portland. “ Shipments" include exports made directly by manufacturers and shipments made by
them to noncontiguous territories. (See table 816)
STATE
1910 1920 m e 1830 1035 1937 1638 1939
Thousands of barrels of 376 pounds
Production, total______ 76,660 100,023 101,659 181,187 76, 748 118,175 106, 357 122,269
Alabama..................... 11,481 1,132 6,288 4,821 2,493 4,416 4,628 5,038
California................... >6,386 7,098 13,093 10,124 7,974 11,964 10, 518 10,990
4.459 6,639 7,101 7,936 3,363 6,246 3,900 4,049
• 2,010 4,849 4,648 7,088 8, 520 4 700 4,727 4 718
5,066 4,841 6, 611 0,012 2,337 3, 697 3,264 3,730
Michigan__________ 3,688 4,891 10,936 11,611 4,679 8,181 7,169 8,219
Missouri______ ____ 4,466 8,018 8,332 7,809 3,392 4,750 4.491 4,780
New York_________ 3,290 6,885 8,770 10,373 4,236 6,913 6, 808 0,868
Ohio............................ 1,528 1,780 6,716 8,632 3.876 6,700 6,188 5,800
Pennsylvania______ 20,676 28,269 42,347 37,844 15,502 23,064 20,868 25,100
'Tennessee_________ (9 (

7 9 8 MINTING AND MINERAL EROD'UCTS
No. 817.— C b m e n t — P r o d u c t i o n , b y K i n d : 1890 t o 1939
N o t e ,—Portland cement is expressed in barrels of 376 pounds; masonry, natural, and puzzolan cement
in 1923 and later years in 370-pound barrels but prior to 1921 in barrels of 240, 205, and 320 pounds,
respectively. For 1912 through 1924 the figures for masonry, natural, and puzzolan cement represent
shipments
YEAR
PRODUCTION IN THOUSANDS
OF BARRELS
Total
Total
Portland
Masonry,
nat­
value in
thousands
of
ural,
and puzdollars
zolan
YEAR
PRODUCTION IN THOUSANDS
OF DARRELS
Total
Total
Portland
Masonry,
nat­
value iu
thousands
of
ural,
and puzzol&n
dollars
IRflO. 7,777 330 7,441 4,527 1924............... 160,777 149,358 1,418 272,346
1895................ 8,731 900 7,741 5,482 1925............... 163,388 16i; 659 1,729 ‘ 281,076
1900................ 17,231 8,482 8,749 13,284
1005................ 40,102 35,247 4,856 36,932 1926...............
1027________ 166,635 164,530 2,105
175,330 173,207 2,124 i l 280,786
281,736
1910................ 77,786 76,550 1,236 68,752 1958 178,509 176,299 2,210 i 278, S83
1912................ 83,351 82,438 913 67,462 1050 172,856 170,646 2,200 l 255,105
1913................ 92,949 92,097 852 03,001 ioan 162,889 161,197 1,702 ‘ 231.249
1914................ 89,050 88,230 820 32,204
1915................ 86,708 85,915 794 74,285 1931................ 126,671 125,420 1,242
1032............... 77.198 70,741 457 1142,580
i 82,718
1910................ 92,363 91,521 842 101,379 ioaa 63,984 03,473 511 t 80.229
1917 93,454 92,814 639 126,106 i«a4 78i 419 77,748 672 1117,882
1918 .. 71,515 71,082 433 114,132 1936............. 77,748 .70,742 1,000 • 114,810
1919 .. 81,307 80,778 529 138,714
1920................. 100,791 100,023 767 203,108 man __ 114,460 112,660 1r 810 • 172,778
1921.................. 99,381 08,842 539 187,708 1937 118,075 116,175 1,901 * 171,414
1022................. 115,679 114,790 889 203,324 19.38 107,178 105,357 1,821 1 150,703
1923................. 138,732 137,400 1,272 263,122 1939................ 124,608 122,269 2,439 i 184,255
1Value of shipments.
Source: Department of the Interior, Buro&u of Mines; Minerals Yearbook. 1*3
No. 818.— S t o n e — S a l e s , b y K i n d a n d b y U s e : 1933 t o 1939
VARIETY AND USE
QUANTITY SOLD, THOUSANDS OF SHORT TONS
(2,000 POUNDS)1
VALUES,
1 ,0 0 0 DOT.LARS
1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 19393 1938 1939 3
Total____________________ 70,222 92,064 83, 159 131,416 183,143 124, 839 147,447 139,256 158,462
Granite.............................. 4,422 6,702 6, 014 16,442 9, 260 10,433 12, Oil 20,916 22,496
Basalt and related rocks... 7,394 11, 643 9, 672 14,014 13, 581 13,900 16,091 12,230 14,164
Sandstone.............. .......... 2,800 3, 605 3,010 6,254 5,073 6,314 8,854 8,060 11,746
Marble................... ............. 225 177 132 166 208 219 228 5,243 6,089
Limestone................. ......... 45,022 57,502 57, 493 87,736 94, 577 81,680 100,840 82,287 94,817
All other_______________ 0,450 12, 345 6, 838 7,304 10,438 12,284 9,387 10,458 8, 550
Building stone........... ......... 870 711 830 1,001 1,159 1,000 1,353 11,805 16,008
Monumental___________ 160 187 179 236 249 202 211 7,350 7,266
Paving blocks..................... 60 64 78 75 74 38 326 463 3 246
Curbing______ _________ 56 79 69 124 98 109

GLASS, GLASSWARE, AND CLAY PRODUCTS 799
N o. 8 1 9 .— G l a s s and G l a s s w a r e — Production, by K in d: 1931, 1935, a n d
1937
N o t e .— Comparable figures not available for 1933. See third paragraph of general note, p. 802
Total value—
Window glass........................................
Obscured glass, Including cathedral
and skylight glass and opalescent
sheet glass
Wire glass, rough and polished............
Tableware, pressed and blown............
Shades, globes, reflectors, eto..............
Lenses, except optical lenses................
Food-product containers8....................
Beverage containers. - ..........................
Medicinal and toilet preparation containers.
Other glass and glass produots *..........
Unit
Sq, ft__
...do..
...do___
Dozen.
Gross..
do.
.d o ...
QUANTITY
(THOUSANDS OF UNIT SPECI­
FIED )
1931
266,772
17,796
15,664
(a)
13,194
(>)
12,766
1936
428,938
14,372
11,961
2,045
14,686
9,114
14,579
1937
616, 566
27,698
21,343
2,977
17,069
16,469
18,348
VALUE
(THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
1931
211,965
10, 307
2,389
1,800
24,268
6, 500
1,362
50,929
15, 642
30, 280
1935
277, 027
18,180
1,644
1,369
»34,750
5,812
1,876
54,147
33,064
30,345
1937
854,039
31,389
3,966
2,719
i 41,082
9,160
3,085
59,740
57,474
36,157
68.392 i 96,439 i 109,207
i Ovenware, previously included with “Tableware,” is included with “Other glass and glass products.”
8 Data incomplete or no data. 3 Not including pressed ware (packers’ ware) and jelly glasses (home-pack.)
* Including polished plate glass.
N o. 820.— Clay P r o d u c t s — P r o d u c t i o n , by K in d : 1933, 1935, a n d 1937
INDUSTRY AND PRODUCT
Unit
QUANTITY
(THOUSANDS OF U N IT SPECIFIED)
1935
1937
VALUE
(THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
1933
1935
1937
CLAY PRODUCTS (O TH ER THAN
POTTERY)
Total value................. .........
Brick:
Common.................................
Vitrified i................................
Face.........................................
Drain tile.......................................
Sewer pipe.....................................
Architectural terra cotta............._
Hollow building tile or blook___
Tile (not drain):
Roofing....................................
Floor (ind. plain, vitreous,
enoaustic, quarry, etc.).
Ceramic mosaic (vitreous
and semivitreous, unglazed).
Faience (including art, enameled,
and hand-decorated).
Wall (white and bright
glazed).3
Stove lining...... ........................... .
Fire-clay products (shaped):
Brick, block, eto.*..................
Special shapes...................
All other clay products................
POTTERY, INCLUDING PORCELAIN
W A RE
Total value..
Red earthenware (flower pots,
„ ate.).
Stoneware (except chemical) and
yellow and Rockingham ware.
White ware, oream color, white
granite, semiporcolain, and
semivitreous porcelain.
Hotel china.......... ........................
Vitreous china plumbing fixtures.
Porcelain electrical supplies 6___
Number.
_..do___
...d o ___
T o n 8,
do
..d o ..
. .do___
Squares.
S q .ft...
...d o___
...d o ___
...d o ___
Ton 8_ _.
Number.
T o n 8...
1,019,810
63,111
270,323
108
451
26
608
103
5,703
4,229
8,401
9,030
6
382,076
107
1,811,341
71,800
472,587
264
070
18
013
135
7,555
6,416
12,625
10,705
8
494,800
156
3,262,633
84,678
937,599
444
973
29
1,654
228
18,246
11,734
29,182
10,052
12
728,406
184
62,772
8,816
1,224
3,807
1,127
4,911
1,831
2,836
911
887
699
2,386
1,652
224
13,834
2,298.
5,432
44,024
1,207
2,222
15,005
5,* 008
7,709
7,056
326
5,491
90,178
18,238
1,724
7,011
2,002
8,617
1,528
5,469
1,145
1,084
1,317
3,862
3,091
236
20,567
3,265
11,021
68,283
1,796
1,677
22,164
7,198
12,969
12,504
424
9,651
169,009
34,010
2,049
14,357
3,589
13,718
2,915
10,767
2,054
1,764
2,366
9,066
2,680
310
34,940
4,751
19, 673
97,366
1,960
1,889
26,711
10,018
20,148
24,837
587
12,216
All other products.
1 Excluding sewer liners. Figure for 1933 includes some brick made for purposes other than paving.
8 Of 2,000 pounds. 3 Including trim.
* Brick, block, or tile for locomotive and other fire-box lining, eto. (9-inch equiv.); and high alumina brick.
6 Includes value of metal fittings for 1935 and 1937.
3ource of tables 819 and 820: Dept, of bommeree, Bur. of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.

800 MISTING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS'
N o . 8 2 1 . — C l a y B u i l d i n g M a t e r i a l s — P r o d u c t i o n o f B r i c k , T i l e , a n i >
F i r e - C l a y P r o d u c t s : 1 9 1 5 t o 1 9 3 8
B R IC K (UILLIO N fl)
VALUE (THOUSANDS OR DOLLARS)
Y E A R
1016*__
1020 i._
.
1 0 2 3 ____
1 9 2 4 .. .
1 0 2 5 . . .
1020.. .
1 0 2 7 . . . ............,
1 0 2 8 .................
1020.. .
1 9 3 0 . . .
1 0 3 1 . . . . .
1 9 3 2 ..
1 9 3 3 ..
1 9 3 6 . . .
1 9 3 8 _____
1 9 3 7 - - . .
1 9 3 8 _____
C o m ­
m o n
8 ,8 6 1
4 ,8 5 2
7 ,2 8 2
7 ,1 6 9
7 ,5 8 2
7 ,6 1 7
7 ,0 8 1
8 ,4 1 3
6 ,6 0 8
3 ,8 3 1
2 ,3 1 5
V i ( r i ­
f le d i
0 6 3
4 8 8
890
6 6 4
5 30
■408
5 0 3
3 78
3 08
3 0 0
2 07
Face
868
7 8 7
1 ,9 3 1
2 ,0 3 0
2 , 4 7 5
2 ,4 4 0
2 ,4 1 3
2 ,4 1 2
2 ,1 3 9
1, 4 82
9 03
4 2 ,1 4 6
8 2 , 2 1 0
0 4 , 4 73
8 0 , 8 9 2
8 8 ,6 5 1
8 8 ,2 2 7
7 8 ,4 0 8
6 9 ,3 3 3
5 8 ,7 3 3
3 7 ,4 3 3
B r i c k
Common
Vitrified
‘
1 2 ,2 3 1
12, 0 70
15, 6 7 0
12, 0 7 4
11, 8 7 8
1 0 ,2 8 5
10, 704
7 ,8 0 0
7, 604
0 ,2 4 7
4 , 200
. / 1 , 0 1 3 1 3 3 1 3 3 1 8 ,7 0 5 2 , 8 4 2
6 3 2 7 0 8 ,8 1 6 1 ,2 2 4
. 1 ,0 0 9 114 3 0 5 1 1 , 4 1 0 2 ,4 3 4
1 ,8 1 1 72 4 7 3 1 8 ,2 3 8 1 ,7 2 4
2 ,9 0 7 70 8 4 0 3 0 ,1 0 8 1 , 8 6 8
3 ,2 5 3 8 5 9 3 8 3 4 ,0 1 0 2 J M 0
2 7 30 8 5 8 0 3 2 8 ,3 7 3 2 ,0 3 5
F a c e
9 ,6 3 8
1 9 ,4 4 1
3 8 ,8 9 2
3 9 ,9 3 1
4 5 ,4 2 8
4 4 ,5 1 0
4 1 ,5 2 1
40, 034
3 8 ,1 2 0
2 4 ,0 1 5
1 3 ,2 7 1
5 , 2 7 3
3 ,8 0 7
4 ,7 4 9
7 ,0 1 1
1 2 ,7 2 7
1 4 ,3 6 7
1 1 ,8 1 2
A r c h i ­
tect
u r a l
t e r f a
c o t t a
4 ,7 9 0
1 0 ,8 6 2
1 6 ,4 8 0
1 0 ,4 4 8
1 0 ,1 3 9
19, (107
10, 028
1 3 ,0 4 2
1 3 ,9 2 1
10,010
5 ,4 9 2
2 , 3 1 7
1 ,8 3 1
1 ,1 2 8
1 ,5 2 8
2 ,6 0 6
2 ,9 1 5
2 ,8 0 4
Holl
o w
buildins
t i l e
7 ,8 0 1
2 7 ,1 1 2
2 8 ,2 7 5
2 4 ,0 0 8
2 0 , 2 0 4
27, 8 18
2(1, 499
2 5 ,7 9 2
3 0 ,1 4 2
2 2 ,2 1 9
1 1 ,1 7 2
4 , 2 6 9
2 ,8 3 8
3 ,9 0 4
6 ,4 8 0
8 ,9 1 3
10, 7 6 7
8 ,8 3 3
Tile
(other
than
h o llo w
and
drain)
5 ,1 8 0
1 2 ,4 7 0
2 3 ,8 0 4
2 4 ,8 4 2
2 7 ,1 2 4
34, 085
32, 7 08
3 1 ,5 2 3
32, 840
2 3 ,0 3 4
1 9 ,7 0 0
8 , 1 0 8
8 ,4 3 6
6 ,7 0 5
10, 6 0 0
1 5 ,9 6 4
1 7 ,0 2 9
1 2 ,9 3 1
Sewer
pipe
11,269
2 6 ,3 7 1
2 9 ,1 0 3
32, 4 0 0
3 0 ,4 2 1
2 0 ,3 0 3
2 0 ,4 2 0
2 3 ,0 6 9
21, 3 3 0
1 5 ,9 0 1
9 ,4 4 8
3 , 7 4 5
4 ,9 1 1
7 ,0 1 3
8 , 6 1 7
1 2 , 4 6 9
13, 7 1 8
1 1 , 6 2 6
Firec
la y
produ
c ts
16,8011
03,410
48,677
46021
41.101
42,707
38,174
37,322
42.373
30,054
19,487
0,924
10,127
10, 243
23,831
36.101
42,638
23.373
1 V i t r i f i e d b r i c k o r p l a t e s , e x c l u d i n g s e w e r l i n e r s , f o r p a v i n g a n d o t h o r p u r p o s e s t h r o u g h 1 9 3 4 ; t h e r e a f t e r ,
f o r p a v i n g o n l y . 1 F r o m G e o l o g i c a l S u r v e y .
S o u r c e ; D e p t , o f C o m m e r c e , B u r e a u o f t h e C e n s u s ; a n n u a l r e p o r t , e x c e p t a s n o t e d .
N o . 8 2 2 . — S a l t — P r o d u c t i o n , E x p o r t s , a n d I m p o r t s , 1 8 8 0 t o 1 9 3 0 , and
P r o d u c t i o n , b y S t a t e s a n d b y K i n d , 1 9 1 5 t o 1 9 3 9
N o t e , — A l l q u a n t i t y f i g u r e s i n s h o r l t o n s ( 2 ,0 0 0 p o u n d s ) . P r o d u c t i o n f i g u r e s r e p r e s e n t s a l e B p l u s th a t
u s e d b y 'p r o d u c e r s ; t h e y i n c l u d e P u e r t o I t i e o . I m p o r t s a r e i m p o r t s f o r c o n s u m p t i o n
YIAIt P r o d u c t i o n Exports
Imports
Y E ATI P r o d u c t i o n E x p o r t s I m p o r t s
1 8 8 0 .
1 8 8 5 .
1 8 9 0 .
1 8 0 5 .
1000.
1905..
m o . .
1 9 1 5 . .
1 0 2 0 ..
1 9 2 5 . .
1 9 2 8 -
834,648
986,411
... 1,242,779
.. 1,913,751
.. 2 , 921,7 0 8
. 3,036,267
. 4,242,792
. 5,352,409
. 0 ,8 4 0 ,0 2 0
. 7 ,3 9 7 ,6 0 0
8,074,7 0 0
1 ,8 4 2
2 ,1 0 8
2 , 4 6 4
3 ,8 0 2
7 ,5 1 1
3 4 , 2 3 8
4 9 , 0 1 3
8 0 , 4 7 4
1 3 9 , 2 7 2
1 5 5 , 0 7 9
1 4 5 , 3 0 0
5 0 9 ,7 0 3
4 4 0 ,2 9 0
2 5 7 ,3 2 3
2 7 0 , 5 7 6
100,000
101,159
1 3 7 ,1 0 3
122, 326
1 3 7 ,5 5 4
8 5 , 7 8 8
4 2 , 8 5 0
1 9 2 9 ......................... 8 , 5 4 3 , 5 6 0 1 0 9 ,2 2 2 36,450
1 9 3 0 ......................... 8 , 0 5 4 , 4 4 0 7 0 ,4 7 8 54,021
1 9 3 1 - ................. 7 , 3 5 8 , 0 7 0 9 8 ,7 1 0 33.216
1 9 3 2 ........................ 0 , 4 0 7 ,0 7 3 6 3 ,5 8 1 28,013
1 9 3 3 .......................... 7 , 6 0 4 , 0 7 2 1 0 5 ,1 7 8 3 ft 132
1 9 3 4 ......................... 7 , 6 1 2 ,0 7 4 1 0 5 ,3 6 6 63,121
1 9 3 6 ......................... 7 , 9 2 6 , 8 0 7 1 1 2 ,2 1 3 61,215
1 0 3 6 .......................... 8 , 8 2 8 , 9 3 6 7 6 , 9 7 4 (1,011
1 9 3 7 ........................ 9 , 2 4 1 , 5 8 4 7 0 ,1 1 1 45,956
1 0 3 8 ____________ 8 , 0 2 5 , 7 6 8 6 7 , 4 9 8 39,613
1 9 3 9 ................. 9 , 2 7 7 , 9 1 1 1 2 4 , 2 7 3 46,033
STATE O lt KIND 1 9 1 5 1 9 3 9
1 9 2 5 1930
1935
i m
Production, to ta l................. 6,352,409 9,840,
7,397,500
8,054,440 7,926,897
8,026,763 9,277,811
B y Statos:
M ichigan___________
N e w Y ork._________
Ohio______ _________
K a n s a s ____ „ _______
Louisiana.......................
California.......................
Texas______________
Utah..................................
W est Virginia................
U ndistributed.........
B y kinds;
M a n u f a c t u r e d ( e v a p o ­
r a t e d ) ..................... ...
In brine........................
Roftk salt........................
1 , 7 6 2 , 4 3 0
1 , 5 7 0 , 4 4 6
8 2 3 , 2 3 4
5 2 7 , 2 2 3
p y
146,784
62,297
55, 270
32,513
372,303
2, 8 3 5 ,8 2 3
1,851,109
1,185,387
2 , 2 0 2 , 0 1 5
1 , 9 0 3 ,1 0 1
1 , 0 5 7 , 8 0 2
7 8 3 , 6 5 5
2 0 5 , 0 8 5
2 1 2 , 0 0 8
0 1 , 1 0 3
7 5 , 2 5 9
2 0 , 8 0 2
1 5 9 , 2 9 9
2,409,924
2,819,916
1,010,189
2 , 1 7 2 , 6 0 0
2 , 0 5 3 , 9 7 0
1 , 1 7 3 ,5 9 0
8 1 2 , 5 4 0
B O O , 3 5 0
2 9 2 ,4 8 0
«
88,150
25,870
277,960
2, 2 3 5,170
2,810,600
2,342,640
2,558,290
2,009,280
1,311,440
759,800
535, 250
360, 370
86,240
28,670
416,100
2 ,3 5 8 , 610
3,718,460
1,977,370
2,128,171
1,927,822
1,487,315
608, 204
702,0 9 0
350,222
208,809
57,025
65,968
323,771
2 ,3 8 0 ,0 4 2
3,837,613
1,759,242
2,078,012
1,717,004
1,489,270
597.900
9 5 8 ,1 8 0
340,850
324,449
61,060
129, 568
318,896
2 ,4 2 0 ,1 0 0
3,694,807
1,901,861
2,408,872
2,011,492
1,791,788
611,752
1,072,540
404,689
352,008
03,109
144,727
318,943
2,658,577
4,(34,177
2,035,1(7
Total v a lu e 1 (d o lla rs). 11,747,686 29,894,076 26, 102,861 25,009,480 21, 837,911 28,242,661 24,(08,680
i Included in “ U ndistributed."
1 F, o , b. m ine or refinery; values do n o t in clu d e co st of cooperage or con tainers.
Source: D epartm ent o f t h e I n t e r i o r , B ureau o f M i n e s ; M inerals Y e a r b o o k .

ACCIDENTS 8 0 1
N o. 8 2 3 .— Accidents in M ineral I ndustries— N um ber op Men E m ployed,
K illed, and I nju red, and R a t e: 1924 to 1938
YEAR
Averago
days
active
MEN EMPLOYED
Actual
number
Man-days
of employment
Number
killed
Number
injured*
NUMBER
KILLED OR
INJURED PER
300-d a y
WORKERS
Equivalent
in
300-day
workers Killed jured*
I n ­
1024. 220 1 ,073,630 787,065 236,119,757 3,031 67,766 3.0 201.1
1025 222 1 ,049,579 777,806 233,368, S75 2,826 fig, 704 8. 6 197. 2
192(1 242 1,058,843 855,032 256,689,813 3,201 52,752 8.7 178.1
1027. 225 1,044,537 782,635 234,790, 290 2.707 45,618 8 .6 103.2
1028.......................................... 231 951,449 733,728 220.118,341 2,029 38.717 8 .6 146.1
1020. 243 028,04S 752,809 225,842, 583 2,728 33,800 3 .6 143.1
1030.......................................... 217 888,614 641,749 192,524,971 2,492 130,580 3 .6 203.6
1031......................................... 188 784,347 492) 009 147,002,799 1.707 96,412 3.6 106,0
1032.. 165 071,343 368,852 110,655, 616 1,308 08.717 3 .7 186.3
1933.......................................... 181 677,722 409,292 122,787,658 1,242 72,342 3.0 170.7
3984 195 739,737 481,807 144,642,133 1,429 81,000 3.0 109.5
1935.......................................... 195 783, 139 507,847 152,354,170 1,495 82, 220 3.0 1 6 1 .9
1038......................................... 216 824,514 693,068 177,920,334 I! 886 02,044 2.8 169.2
1037......................................... 217 859,951 622,634 186,790,283 1,769 96,484 2.8 155.0
1038......................................... 187 774,894 483) 523 145,056,875 1,369 71,018 2 .8 148.1
Excluding those injured in coal mines for years prior to 1930. Figures for 1930 and subsequent years,
excluding data for coal mines, ore: Number injured—1930, 26,759; 1931,16,063; 1932, 0,745; 1033, 11,029; 1934,
13,052; 1035,10,044; 1930, 23,067; 1937,28,207; 1038, 20,30-4. Number injured por thousand 300-day workers—
1930, 117.0; 1931, 90.7; 1032, 91.6; 1933, 98.6:1934,100.9; 1935, 98.3; 1936,109.8; 1937,117.7; 1938,107.3.
Source: Department of tho Interior, Bureau of Mines; see annual bulletins listed in soutognote, table 824.
N o. 8 2 4 .— A ccidents in M ineral I ndustries— N umber of M e n E m ployed,
K illed, and I n ju r ed, by I ndustry Gr o u ps: 1938 and E arlier Years
YEAR
NUMBER
EMPLOYED
Actual
number
Equivalent
In
300-day
workers
INJURED
Killed Temporary
.Permanent
YEAR
Metal mines :*
1015........ 152,118 141,997 653 34,686 600 Metallurgical plants—Oon.
1020........ 136,583 134,540 425 32,205 357 1934........
1925........ 126,713 123,008 371 34,458 674 1036 __
1030........ 103,233 92,900 271 16) 091 603 1930......
1031........ 80.940 62,405 158 8,402 307 1037......
1932........ 53,288 36,084 107 4,837 177 1938........
1033........ 57,016 38,807 95 6,703 132
1934........ 66.645 49,077 116 7,600 103 Coke ovens:
1935........ 02,314 67,841 164 0,053 253 1016........
1936........ 100,932 84,033 190 14,355 205 1920........
31,603
28,130
1937........ 118,429 90,622 21S 17,614 441 1025...... 23,254
1938........ 103,027 78,353 156 12,347 375 1030........ 10,855
1931 . 15,664
Quarries:
1932........ 12,002
iq t x 100, 740| 8 2 ,4 4 7 148 9 ,1 4 8 523 maa 13,598
1020........ 80,488 77,089 178 10,880 337 1034........ 15,483
1925........ 91,872 83,487 140 13,713 452 1035........ 16,126
1930____ 80,633 68,631 105 7,162 265 1930........ 17,811
1Q31 60,200 61,765 61 6,222 205 1037 20,042
1932........ 56,866 37,047 32 3,464 110 1038...... , 13,700
1933........ 61,927 37,874 59 3,520 111
1934........ 64,331 43,604 60 3,807 117 Coal min os:
1935........ 73.005 48,744 51 4,023 129 1911........ 728,348
1936........ 80,022 62,914 01 6,538 179 1915-.-.. 734,008
1937........ 84,004 67,647 77 6,171 177 1020...... - 784,621
1938........ 77,497 67,510 82 4,869 158 1926____ 748,806
054,404
Metallurgical
1030........ 044,006
plants:
1931........ 580,705
1916........ 80,201 88,506 83 14,863 217 1032
1920........ 60,232 65,587 61 8,714 140 1033
1026........ 58,935 66,220 44 7,480 231 1034
1030........ 40,787 44,403 26 2,570 166 1Q3K
1931........ 28,938 28,806 16 1,304 89 1A3fi
1932........ 21,564 18,474 8 778 50 1037
1033........ 21,999 19,683 18 1,018 61 1938........
NUMBER
EMPLOYED
26,852
36,493
41,107
47,530
30,043
527,623
523,182
566,426
665,202
584,582
580,866
541,528
Actual
number
Equivalent
in
300-day
workers
24,472
35,438
42,424
49,664
37,943
34,110
20,021
24,054
22,036
18,103
13,862
15,6 0 9
18,006
17,251
20,725
22,997
15,450
532,565
511,508
601,283
480,227
481,545
412,970
330,880
262,484
297,410
346,468
338,572
382,072
382,004
294,252
Killed
13
28
32
41
20
45
40
28 280
14
11
14
10
22
06
2,656
2,269
2,272
2,234
2,187
2,003
1,403
1,207
1,064
1,226
1,242
1,342
1,413
1,106
INJURED
Temporarma­
Pernent
1,243 77
1,843 119
2,108 132
3,064 163
2,136 137
6,164 83
3,330 70
1, 662 44
99C 32
499 36
208 22
3M 22
490 26
304 21
428 33
554 33
262 20
$ $
m «
)
101,092 2,728
78,478 1,871
57.445 1,527
69,072 1,341
66,304 1,704
63,701 1,874
67,652 1,924
66,344 1,933
49,706 1,608
1Figures include data for mines producing nonmetallic minerals other than coal. 1 Not available.
Source: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines; annual bulletins, Metal Mine Accidents, Quarry
Accidents. Accidents at Metallurgical Plants, Ooke Oven Accidents, and Goal Mine Acoidents.

32. MANUFACTURES
[Statistics in this section relate to continental United States except as noted. For additional statistics on
manufactured food produota, mineral products, and forest products, see sections 27,28,29, and 31]
G e n e r a l N o t e .— The Census of M anufactures was taken decennially prior to 1899 and for each fifth
year thereafter through 1919, and has since been taken biennially. The censuses for 1904, 1909,1914, and
1919 covered all factories or plants whose products were valued at $600 or more, but, beginning with 1921,
the m inim um lim it has been $6,000. As a rule, the term "establishm ent" signifies a single p lan t or factory,
but in some cases an establishment operates two or more factories and in a few cases two or more departments
of a single plant or factory are treated as separate establishments. A t th e Census for 1937, however,
an establishm ent operating two or more factories was counted as two or more establishments. The total
num ber of establishm ents was increased approximately 2,000 by this change.
“Value of products" represents selling value a t the plant or factory* Because of the use of tho products
of some establishments as materials for others, the total cost of materials and the total value of products
for all industries in a given group, and for all groups in tho aggregate, Include m uch duplication, estimated
at roughly one-third of the gross value of products. Such duplication is not, howover, found to any great
extent within individual industries.
A t th e census for 1933 the smaller establishments in m any industries were canvassed by means of an
abridged schedule which did not call for detailed data on production, and therefore tho production figures
in the reports of th at census for certain industries are somewhat incomplete. In cases in w hich the degree
of incompleteness was sufficient to affect the comparablcncss of the statistics for different census years,
the 1933 figures have been omitted from tables presenting dotalled statistics of production in the 1937 and
subsequent issues of the Statistical Abstract. Figures for 1933, together w ith 1931 figures adjusted for
comparison w ith 1933, are, however, included in the 1936 edition.
It is sometimes necessary, for various reasons b u t chiefly because of changes in census classification, to
make adjustm ents In the figures for earlier census years. Adjustments have been m ade as a result of the
exclusion from the Census of Manufactures for 1937 of the industries “ Gas, m anufactured, illuminating
and heating'* and “ Railroad repair shops." Adjustments have been made, also, as a result of th e exclusion,
beginning 1933, of the industries “ Ooueo and spice, roasting and grinding" and “ Peanuts, w alnuts, and
other nuts, processed and shelled." The “ M otion pictures, not including projection in theaters" industry
was treated as a m anufacturing industry in the censuses for 1921 to 1929, inclusive, b u t not in subsequent
censuses. No adjustm ents of the figures for 1929 and earlier years have been m ade on account of this change,
but its effeet on the compambleness of the figures for different census years is very slight.
Detailed quantity and value figures for products of selected manufacturing industries are presented in
certain of the Census tables in this section and in sections 27, 28,29, and 31. T he “ total value" figures for
the respective industries, as given in those tables, differ from the values of products of the corresponding
Industries, as given in table 830, because of the inclusion in the product-value totals in those tables, b a t
not in the values of products for the corresponding industries in table 830, of d ata for the respective classes
of commodities m ade as m inor or secondary products by establishments engaged prim arily In other lines
of manufacture.
Factories and band and neighborhood
industries:
1810 s.................... -........... .
1859»...................................
1859 3...................................
18793_— .............................
1889 3.................................. .
1899 3...................................
Factories, excluding hand and
neighborhood Industries: *
1899 3...................................
1004 3...................................
19093...................................
1914 3_.................................
1914 ................................
1 9 1 0 .............................
1921 «................................
1923 «...................................
1926

JVDANtTFACT'UiRES 803
N o . 8 2 6 .— P o p u l a t i o n , W a g e E a r n e r s , a n d P r o d u c t i o n — I n d e x e s : 1899
t o 1937
N o te.—See general note, p. 802
CENSUS T E A S
Wage
earners
Population
Production
(quailtity)
Production
per
wage
earner
CENSUS T E A R
Wage
earners
Population
Production
(quantity
)
Production
per
wage
earner
1899....................... 100 100 100 100 1025..................... 154 178 276 164
1904....................... 110 116 122 100 1027..................... 158 178 274 154
1909....................... 121 189 166 114 1029..................... 162 190 311 164
1014........................ 131 147 170 11G 1031..................... 166 140 206 147
1019 ^ — 140 191 214 112 1033..................... 168 181 162 147
1921 ......... 145 147 106 115 1935..................... 170 168 238 143
1923....................... 149 1?0 263 141 1037...........-........ 173 104 303 IBS
N o . 8 2 7 .— M a n u f a c t u r i n g E s t a b l i s h m e n t s C l a s s i f i e d A c c o r d i n g t o
N u m b e r o f W a g e E a r n e r s : 193S a n d 1937
N ote.—-See general note, p. 802
1935 1037
NUMBER OF WAGE
EARNERS
Average
number
of wage
earners
Percent of total
Wage
earners
Averago
number
of wage
earners
Percont of total
Establishments
Establishments
Establishments
Establishments
Wage
earners
Total....................— - 167,916 7, 203,794 100.0 100.0 106,794 8, 589, 231 100.0 100.0
0,896 4.1 6,885 4.1
lto 6................................. 70,033 100,180 41.7 2.0 62,164 170,174 37.3 2.0
6 to 20.............................. 40,136 606,266 27.6 7.1 40,402 514,487 27.8 6.0
21 to 50............................ 20,610 874,000 12.6 6.4 23,138 750,922 13.0 8.8
51 to 100........................... 10,373 741,823 6.2 10.3 11,011 852,373 7.1 0.0
101 to 260......... ................ 8,261 1,202,789 4.9 17.0 9,746 1, 522,070 5.8 17.8
251 to 500.......................... 3,141 1,080,782 1.9 16.1 3,911 1, 303,000 2.3 16.0
501 to 1,000.......-.............. 1,421 676,402 .8 13.6 1,600 1,133,323 1.0 13.2
1,001 to 2,500.................... 579 852,650 .3 11.8 737 1,080,634 .4 12.6
2,601 or more....................... 176 879,044 .1 12.2 241 1,181,748 .1 13.8
N o . 8 2 8 . — M a n u f a c t u r i n g E s t a b l i s h m e n t s C l a s s i f i e d B t V a l u e o p
’ P r o d u c t s : 1937
N ote.—See general note, p. 802
CLASS OF ESTABLISHM ENTS
ACCORDING TO VALUE OF
PRODUCTS
ESTA BLISH ­
M EN TS
Number
Percent
distribution
W A G E E A R N E R S
Average
number
Percent
distribution
VALUE O F PROD­
UCTS
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Percent
distribution
VALUE A D D ED B T
M ANUFACTURE
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Total............................... 188, 794 1D0.0 8, 689,231 100.0 60,712,872 100.0 25,173, 539
$5,000 to $19,999.......................
$20,000 to $49,999......................
$60,000 to $99,999.....................
$100,000 to $249,999..................
$250,000 to $490,999..................
$500,000 to $999,999..................
$1,000,000 to $2,499,999............
$2,500,000 to $4,999,099-.-------
$6,000,000 and over..................
50,548
37,611
23,661
23,422
12,763
8,908
6,098
2,132
1, 651
30.3
22.5
14.2
14.0
7.7
5.3
3.7
1.3
1.0
101,890
305,030
885,439
763,574
867,364
1,128,224
1,517,198
1,021,309
2,428,701
1.9
3.0
4.5
8.9
10.0
13.2
17.7
11,0
28.3
670, 000
1, 214, 034
1, 083, 001
3, 729,973
4, 511, 524
0, 279, 012
9, 390,818
7,337, 152
25, 083, 732
1.0
2.0
2.8
6.1
7.4
10.3
15.5
12.1
42.8
327,005
669, 544
870,270
1,799,924
2,070,254
2,834,843
4,157, 931
3,281,715
9,180, 995
Percent
distribution
&
100.0
Source of tables 820,827, and 828: Departm ent of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial
Census of Manufactures.
1.3
2.6
3. 5
7.2
8.2
11.3
16:6
12.9
36.5

8 0 4 MANUBA.CTU.EES
N o . 829.—Industrial Production—I ndexes, by Groups: 1923 to 1940
N ote.—1035-39 average=100. Tills Is arovised series. For discussion of this revision, see Federal Reserve
Bulletin for August 1040. The monthly, indoxos have been adjusted for seasonal variations and for
the varying number of working days in the month.
TEAR AND MONTH Total
Total
Total
Iron
and
steel
MANUFACTURES
Nondurable manufactures
Durable manufactures
Trans­
Nonferrous
Maportatiochinery
equip­
metals
and
ment products
1923........................ 88 86 104 110 80 110 00 143 87 72 83 99
1924........................ 82 81 05 92 81 04 03 139 91 69 72 80
1025........................ 91 90 108 110 89 108 104 148 101 70 84 88
1026 96 95 114 117 102 109 113 148 105 70 84 90
1927........................ 95 95 107 109 99 80 108 144 106 83 02 94
1928.................. 99 100 117 124 106 108 118 142 110 85 87 $3
1929.... . .................. 110 110 133 135 130 134 130 146 n o 93 94 65
1930........................ 91 91 99 98 100 91 106 105 06 84 74 84
1931........................ 75 74 8 62 66 62 83 76 77 79 79 82
1032....................... 58 57 41 33 43 38 52 51 51 70 71 76
1933........................ 69 68 54 55 50 48 60 63 54 79 88 88
10.34........................ 75 74 66 62 69 60 62 64 64 81 76 91
1935........................ 87 87 84 82 83 05 79 85 77 90 93 90
1936........................ 103 104 108 114 105 111 104 105 103 100 104 103
1937-............:........ 113 113 122 128 128 125 124 113 114 106 106 102
loss........................ 88 87 78 68 82 70 80 00 02 05 86 93
1939........................ 108 108 10R 114 104 99 114 100 114 108 312 101
1930
July............... ...... 104 104 101 103 101 86 102 104 114 106 113 107
August_________ 104 107 105 in 104 92 112 105 113 108 111 103
September......... 113 113 114 138 108 99 128 108 n o 111 114 103
October................. 121 121 129 161 115 105 144 113 123 115 119 105
November............. 124 124 133 161 123 102 153 121 120 117 128 108
December_______ 125 128 140 167 125 128 159 121 128 118 126 195
1940
January................ 122 122 135 147 127 137 154 115 123 113 118 101
February— ......... 116 116 124 118 123 137 142 114 118 110 109 98
March................... 112 112 118 m 123 131 132 111 120 106 99 93
April...................... 111 110 113 99 123 115 124 n o 115 107 100 85
M ay,................... 115 114 110 118 124 116 126 112 113 110 103 87
June....................... 121 121 131 154 128 120 129 111 111 114 106 96
Lumber
and
products
Total
Stone,
day,
and
glass
products
Textiles
and
products
Leather
and
products
MANUFACTURES—COUtinUOd
MINERALS
Nondurable manufactures- Continued
Manu- PriDt- Petrotac-
Alco- To- Paper ing lGum Rubtured
holic bacco and and and Ohem- bor
food bover- prod- prod- pub- coal ieals prodprod-
ages ucts ucts lish- prod- ucts
nets ing ucts
Total Fuels
iwa 82 84 58 74 56 57 98 94 118
109.4 81 83 61 79 59 56 89 80 107
109* 86 85 66 84 69 A3 81 • 87 120
1096 87 88 72 92 76 70 80 25 125
1097 Si 90 74 93 78 73 83 07 no
109ft 0< 92 79 06 87 78 98 05 120
1090 101 06 85 104 66 89 me 134
loan 100 93 79 97 89 87 78 23 01 101
1031 90 87 74 88 80 78 72 80 82 07
1039 79 79 65 74 60 68 64 35
1033 83 80 76 75 74 76 80 69
1031....................... 88 74 87 75 80 79 83 86 80 83 68
1935....................... 89 80 90 86 89 85 89 93 86 89 73
1036....................... 08 109 99 08 99 97 90 107 99 09 102
1037..............-........ 103 108 103 107 109 108 112 104 112 100 127
1038....................... 101 93 102 95 96 100 96 83 97 90 86
1039....................... 108 98 106 114 100 no 104 113 106 105 118
1030
107 107 108
112 61 80
September........... 111 08 107 121 111 112 100 122 114 118 121
October................. 100 ioa 111 181 118 120 111 128 119 117 128
November______ 110 98 no 184 117 120 111 126 120 118 131
December........... 112 95 109 135 119 119 112 123 114 113 124
July......................
August..................
105
111
97
95
100
110
108
112
100
105
106
no
104
100
102
105
1940
January................. 111 98 103 123 109 117 118 119 118 117 127
February.............. 113 98 106 114 108 116 111 119 114 112 130
March............... 112 98 103 110 106 118 109 116 117 114 134
April..................... 111 103 111 116 108 115 111 115 119 116 135
M ay..................... 112 100 no 127 115 114 114 117 118 115 135
June.................... 115 113 115 132 120 115 116 115 118 no 134
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Figures published monthly to Federal
Reserve Bulletin.

MANUFACTURES BY INDUSTRIES 805
N o. 8 3 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s— Su m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s :
1931 t o 1 9 3 7
N ote,—The figures given in this table do not represent exactly the numbers of wage earners, values of
products, etc., assignable to the classes of commodities from which the industries derive their names,
as it is necessary for census purposes to olhssify each establishment as a whole in Borne one industry,
according to its product of chief value, although in many cases a single establishment manufacture?
two or more classes of commodities. See also general note, p. 802
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS manufacture
*
ENERGY,
AND CON­
TRACT
WORE3
In thousands of dollars
All industries, total.............. 1937 189,794 8,509,231 10,112,883 36,680,333 60,712,872 25.173,539
1935 107, 918 7,203,794 7,311,329 20,441,145 44,093,690 18. 552. 553
1933 139,325 5.787.611 4,940,146 10. 649, 788 30, 667,328 14, 007, 540
1931 171,450 6,163,144 6,088,541 21, 229, 356 30,829,888 18, 600,532
Food and kindred products, total.. 1937 4A727 888,293 977,778 7, 011,368 11, 206, 610 3, 354,242
1935 43, 936 797,442 799,881 8, 724, 450 9, 510,675 2. 786.2 2 4
1033 40,285 666,237 620,658 4,210,016 6, 604,036 2, 304,021
1931 47, 767 635,359 725,689 6 ,315,248 7, 968,362 2, 643,113
Animal products, to tal..... 1937 12, 804 216,386 252,505 3,502,050 4,323,019 700,970
1935 11, 812 195,754 206,810 2,089,662 3,627,336 637,674
1933 10,370 178,791 170,078 1,870,028 2,415,650 545, 531
1031 11, 922 171,003 208,922 2,671,813 3,353, 725 081, 912
B utter............................................ 1937 3, 718 19,437 19,619 510,114 689, 767 79, 052
1935 8,458 18,434 17,516 423, 163 501, 216 78,052
1933 3,166 16,408 15,062 316,843 385. 512 68,669
1931 3,367 15, 067 18,623 393,228 463.472 70,245
Canned and cured fish, crabs,
shrimps, oysters, and clams.
1937 325 18,229 8,705 48,728 78,410 20,682
1935 274 13,336 6,310 30,103 60,588 21,395
1033 264 0,993 4,473 26.248 40,560 14,311
1031 304 8,591 5,222 28,404 42,352 13,948
Cheese................ -....................... 1937 2587 4,482 4,369 05,672 112,786 17,114
1935 2673 4,344 3,036 84,122 98,050 14,827
1033 2157 3,141 2910 46,791 57, 334 10,542
1931 2,371 2964 3,664 64,081 68,072 13,991
Condensed and evaporated milk. 1937 001 8,987 2904 160,000 220, 718 4 4 ,1 1 2
1935 467 8,458 8,319 130,045 171,489 40,544
1033 436 6,331 6,100 90,608 131,086 34,388
1931 485 6,121 7,256 109,307 148,598 30,201
Tee cream____________ _______ 1937 2 .8 8 5 18,884 21,269 143,687 282,003 138,416
1985 4 « 7 1 7 ,3 2 1 10,104 1 0 1 ,2 7 6 209t 6 85 108.403
1933 2,118 14,367 16,145 66,315 158,386 92,072
1931 2,948 17,819 25,410 110,604 268,616 158.011
Meat packing, wholesale........... . 1087 1,160 127, 477 170,386 2,386.000 2,787,368 401,267
1935 1,223 116, 620 138,468 2,030, 924 2,362.369 331,445
1933 1,078 113,193 112, 266 1,202, 539 1,400,085 287,546
1031 1,209 106,707 134, 530 1,839, 260 2,180,823 341, 564
Poultry dressing and packing. 1937 533 8, 013 6, 931 87,457 105,841 18, 384
wholesale. 1935 662 8,078 6.008 76,642 02, 944 16, 302
1933 437 7,471 4,802 51.853 66,157 14, 304
1931 497 6,982 5,944 77,667 97, 560 19, 893
Sausage casings, not made In
meat-packing establishments.1
1937 31 876 899 4,416 6, 539 2,124
Sausage, meat puddings, head- 1987 786 9,342 11,372 119,380 149, 598 30, 218
cheese, etc., not made" in meatpacking
establishments.1
Sausage, meat puddings, head- 1935 808 9,164 10,089 103,395 130, 095 26, 700
cheese, etc., and sausage cas* 1933 714 7,707 8,259 62, 741 88, 438 23, 698
. Inga, not made in meat-pack- 1931 741 6,242 8,366 50,272 84,388 25, 060
ing establishments.
1 Figures for 1937 and 1935 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
* Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work
are not available except for a few industries. ' '
1 Shown as separate industry for first time in 1937; no comparable data for prior years.

8 0 6 MANTJFACTUiRES
N o . 8 3 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1033 to 1937— Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE *
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK I
In thousands of dollars
Food, etc.—Continued.
Vegetable products, except 1937 27,005 861,877 570,216 3,838,341 5,091,874 1,853,632
beverages, totals 1036 28,727 510,339 479,484 3,355, 764 4,887,189 1,531,425
1938 22,895 423,716 370,608 2,161,744 3,510,035 1,348,292
1931 27,443 414,051 451,559 2,518,708 4,177,353 1,658,556
Bread and other bakery prod- 1937 17,193 230,388 293,994 727,022 1,426,163 609,141
uots. 1935 19.068 218,423 248,532 670,040 1,236,073 565,032
1933 14,830 182,382 196,672 427,466 919,778 492,313
1931 17,718 183,161 239.331 505,477 1,190,048 684,671
Canned aud dried fruits and 1937 2,772 137,064 92,63$ 498,662 788,927 290,300
vegetables; canned and bottled 1935 2,744 110,298 70,012 409,241 649,644 240,403
Juices; preserves, Jellies, fruit 1933 2,072 84.274 4 5,239 268,420 439, 988 171,508
butters, ploklcs, and sauces. 1931 2,635 80,184 54,001 322,006 513,001 190,990
Cereal preparations............. ........ 1937 112 8,133 10,792 94, 906 104,406 69, 580
1936 110 7,890 8,520 82,483 146,681 64,248
1938 103 7,115 7,270 55,016 111, 026 56, 011
1931 111 7,018 9,005 69, 427 141, 583 72,167
Chawing gum.............................. 1937 25 2,401 2,967 16,888 56, 722 39,833
1935 26 2,316 2,417 14, 985 47, 766 32,781
1933 31 1 2, 262

MANUFACTURES' BY INDUSTRIES 807
N o. 8 3 0 .— M a n u fa ctu res— Summary f o r In d u str y G roups and In d u stries:
1931 to 1937— Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE a
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
In thousands of dollars
Food, eto.—Continued.
M alt«........................................... 1937 58 1,644 2,923 76,118 94,630 IS, 512
1936 54 1,439 2,348 56,412 76,118 18,706
1933 30 848 1, 283 20, 662 27,923 7,261
1931 27 540 856 18,920 19,242 5,322
Oleomargarine (margarine) not 1037 16 1,214 1,607 30,987 44.663 13,575
made in meat-packing estab- 1936 14 1,176 1,803 28, 293 32,402 9,109
lishments. 1633 16 841 855 8,312 12,706 4,454
1931 32 1,043 1,352 15,209 22,818 7,648
Sloe cleaning and polishing......... 1937 61 2,218 1.356 38,816 46,853 8,037
1935 68 2,025 1,312 34, 214 44,113 9,899
1933 60 1, 636 1,022 22, 697 30,683 7,987
1931 55 1,503 1,276 81, 813 40,350 8,547
Shortenings (other than lard), 1937 43 4, 901 5. 651 204,383 239,495 35,112
vegetable cooking oils, and 1935 48 4,845 4,709 177,976 212,689 34,713
salad oils. 1933 49 3, 058 3,217 08,140 86,830 17,081
1931 50 3,002 4,011 99,841 115,302 16,461
Sugar, beet............................. — 1937 87 9,306 11,788 68,906 107,396 38,399
1936 77 9,232 9, 338 71,142 96,100 24,017
1933 84 10,706 10,884 76.127 127,133 51,096
1931 67 6,241 7,648 62,325 85,673 23,348
Sugar, cane, not including prod- 1937 72 4,221 2.380 20,722 29,161 8,429
ucts of refineries. 1936 74 2,944 1,630 18,298 26,281 7,988
1033 87 2,371 1,228 11,594 18,233 0,539
1931 .08 2,032 1,333 10,008 13,081 3,073
Sugar refining, caue___________ 1937 23 14,024 15,973 362,653 424,631 61,978
1035 18 13,832 13.914 336,177 377,214 41,038
1933 18 11,495 12,237 281,538 337,075 55,539
1031 10 11,855 16,547 335,933 395,303 59,370
Vinegar and older____________ 1937 117 974 836 3,774 6,427 2,653
1935 125 1,037 1,002 4,761 8,518 3,758
1033 121 844 724 3,043 6,631 2,687
1931 137 848 885 4,240 7,506 3,267
Beverages and ioe, total---- 1937 0,118 110.035 149,055 510.977 1,260,717 739,740
1035 8,397 91,349 113,588 370,025 996,150 617,125
i m 7 ,0 2 0 63, 732 7 3 ,974 178,243 678,442 500,199
1931 8.402 50,216 65,188 124,637 427,284 302,647
Beverages, nonalcoholic________ 1937 3,020 27,079 30,981 112,380 276,779 164,399
1935 3,175 16,778 17,343 62,094 159,298 97,204
1933 2,903 16,123 14,197 41,873 111,297 69,424
1931 4,250 23,005 30,082 76,045 212,567 136,522
Ice, manufactured------------- ---- 1937 3,847 18,706 21,603 27,517 136,542 109,025
1935 3,860 10.032 20,036 28.048 128.385 100,337
1933

8 0 8 M A N U m C T U 'R E S
N o . 8 3 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s— S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s :
1931 t o 1937— Continued
GROUP OR IN D U ST R Y
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OP
m a t e ­
r ia l s ,
ETC., FUEL,
PUR­
VALUE
VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED
ENERGY,
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
TURE 3
In thousands of dollars
Food, eto.—Continued.
Liquors, m alt................................... 1937 053 47,037 79,275 201, 917 537,105 335,189
1936 666 39,169 00,016 139,018 420,030 280,112
7 1933 625 23,501 33,480 76,194 * 229,961 • 153,767
Liquors, rectified and blended... 1937 210 7,094 6,732 72,378 144,456 72,077
U 9 3 6 260 5,883 4,527 57,128 99,130 42,002
Liquors, vinous______________ 1937 337 3,005 3,051 23,586 42,733 19,147
1035 315 2.335 2,107 15,317 36,432 21,116
1933 212 1,262 972 9 .3 0 2 24,084 14,782
1931 14 96 119 381 Q40 568
Textiles and their products, total.. 1937 20.016 1,814,387 1,549,559 4,089,124 7,061.609 2 ,9 7 2 ,4 8 6
1936 22,847 1. 687.737 1.371,173 3 ,5 3 1 ,9 7 2 6,060,834 2 .5 2 8 ,8 6 2
1933 19.295 1,476,704 1.018,887 2 ,531,298 4,810,000 2.279. 662
1931 23,786 1,422,901 1,240,048 3,021,880 6,865,646 2 ,8 3 3 ,0 6 0
Textile mill products, total.. 1937 6.279 1.125,514 957,003 2.252.972 3.086.881 1 .7 3 3 .9 0 8
•1935 6,999 1.068.307 837,956 '•1,918.282 3,347,137 *•1,428,865
• 1933 0 .2 0 8 967,316 658,660 1.410,791 2,714,070 1 ,3 0 3 ,2 7 9
•1931 6.818 890,607 755,284 1,527,210 3.024,190 1 .4 9 6 ,9 7 4
Carpets and rugs, total............ « 1937 114 34,580 36,193 97,190 183,526 86,337
u 1935 123 30.487 30,443 62.573 127,588 65,016
1033 . 87 22,194 18,836 30,869 73,885 43.016
1931 118 24,217 25,285 40,200 02, 411 62,211
Carpets and rugs, paper-fiber 1937 9 788 768 1,220 3,152 1 ,932
and grass. 1935 12 692 572 824 2,092 1.26&
1033 7 221 186 228. 609 382
1931 6 311 268 207 876 578
Carpets and rugs, rag.................. 1937 35 429 280 647 1,336 680
1936 40 986 943 1,514 4,028 2, 514
1933 26 077 464 600 1,851 1. 242
1931 61 1,003 918 1,026 3,332 2 ,306
Carpets and rugs, wool (other 1937 56 30,779 32,171 83,574 162,187 78,613
than rag). 1935 55 27,633 27,710 56.234 115,267 59.022
1933 54 21.296 18,186 3 0 ,0 3 2 71,425 41,303
1931 61 22,903 24,109 38,876 88,204 4 9 ,3 2 8
Carpet yarn, woolen and worsted. 1937 15 2,684 2,973 11,749 16,851 5 ,1 0 3
•1935 16 1,176 1,218 4 ,0 0 2 6,211 2 ,2 0 9
Cordage and ttoine; jute good*: 1937 162 22, 427 18,601 55,033 98.425 43,3 9 2
l i n e n g o o d s, to ta l. 1935 148 18,609 18,949 34,542 68,858 34,316
1933 142 16, 986 11,091 25,314 65,546 3 0 ,2 3 3
1931 161 16,430 12,926 32,736 65,674 32,838
Cordage a n d twine....... ............... 1987 118 14,043 11,683 38,0 2 2 06, 418 28, 390
1935 112 12,260 9,074 23,743 40,966 23,213
1983 n o 11,146 7,373 18,284 38,714 20, 420
1931 117 11,087 8,627 24,402 47, 567 23,155
Jute goodsl!_________________ 1937 32 6,522 5,190 13,174 25,666 12,391
1935 24 4,595 3,621 7 .360 16,294 8 ,9 3 4
1933 20 4,248 2,563 4,813 12,463 7 ,661
1931 20 3,786 2,881 6,824 12,791 6 ,9 6 7
1Figures for 1987 and 1936 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1031 do Hot, except as noted.
>'Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1936 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work
aro not available except lor a few industries.
I No comparable figures available for 1931,
! No comparable figures available for earlier years.
• Revised by adding flguresfor "Hats and caps, except felt and straw,” formerly lnoluded in the “ Cuttingup”
industries.
10 Because of changes in classification the figures below will not add to these totals.
II Figures not strictly comparable with those for 1933 and 1981.
'* Because of changes in classification of certain establishments, the figures for earlier years are not strictly
comparable with those for 1837.

m a n u f a c t u r e s; b y in d u s t r ie s 8 0 9
N o , 8 3 0 . — M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s ;
1931 to 1937— Continued
c o s t or
M A T E ­
g r o u p o r i n d u s t r y
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wago
earners
(average
for the
year)
W A G E S
R I A L S ,
Etc., f u e l ,
P U R ­
C H A S E D
eneroy,
A N D C O N ­
T R A C T
W O R K I
V A L U E O F
P R O D U C T S
V A L U E
A D D E D B Y
M A N U F A C -
! T U B E 3
Tn thousands of dollars
Textiles, eto.—Continued
Linen goods................................. - 1937 1 2 1,862 1,028 3,836 0,441 2,005
1936 1 2 1,754 1,354 3,439 5, 607 2,168
1933 1 2 1,593 1,166 2,216 4,370 2,153
1931 14 1,567 1,417 2,510 5,220 2,710
Cotton v ia n u ja c tu r e s , to ta l___ U1937 1,237 436, 428 324,083 is 705,0 0 9 1.274. 295 '» 669,220
ii 1635 1,223 383,002 247, 844 037,720 1,030,708 303,030
1933 1.242 393,105 226,768 496,399 901,900 400,567
1931 1,327 343,360 231,736 13 426,832 850,466 18 424,034
Cotton narrow fabrics.................. 1937 160 12, 616 11,131 22,115 43,480 21,371
1035 170 13, 466 11,107 23,017 44,503 21,676
1633 172 13, 237 10,050 17,668 38,800 21,331
1931 174 12, 826 11,017 10,693 41,991 22,298
Cotton woven goods (over 12 1937 677 336,104 255, 656 is 625,947 907,110 13 441,163
inches in width). 1935 070 295, 648 102, 700 478,929 708,738 280,809
Cotton yarn and thread.............. 1937 . 305 86, 206 56, 834 u 155,093 260, C04 18105,510
1935 372 73, 414 43, 570 134,103 214,836 80,731
Cotton woven goods (over 12
inches in width) and cotton
yarn and thread.
1933 1,067 370,445 216,384 470,700 861,170 384,401
1931 1,140 329,962 219, 080 13 404,855 805,702 18 400,937
Fish nets and s e in e s ....... ................ 1937 6 602 463 1, 914 3,095 1,181
1035 1 1 474 300 1, 680 2, 602 923
1933 13 423 315 1,072 1,895 824
1031 ,13 572 438 1,283 2,082 1,399
D y e in g a n d f in i s h i n g c o tto n . 1937 533 74,982 76,730 135,795 283,202 147,468
r a y o n , a n d s ilk , to ta l. *1935 523 71,380 66,225 105, 994 223,002 117,068
Dyeing and finishing, cotton 1937 246 49,635 40,112 106,171 204,052 97,881
fabric. * 1035 245 43,319 38,348 74, 672 144,128 69,456
Dyeing and finishing, rayon-and 1937 159 18,003 19,633 22,809 57,599 34,791
silk-fabrio. * 1035 146 20,836 21,505 24,548 59,387 34,839
Dyeing and finishing yarn (cot- 1937 128 7,344 0,980 0,815 2 1 , 6 1 1 ‘ 14,796
ton, rayon, and silk)—for sale 81935 132 7,225 0,372 0,773 20,147 13,374
or on commission.
F e ll g o o d s, e x c e p t w o v e n J e lls ^ _ 1937 30 3,711 4,629 18,049 29.649 1 1 , 0 0 0
8 1935 *. 40 3,576 3,438 13,605 23,697 10,192
ITatSf caps, a n d h a t a n d c a p 1937 528 28,802 29,199 66,437 122,815 56,378
m a te r ia ls , to ta l. ®1935 617 26,862 27,718 60,410 107,322 50,912
1933 547 23,269 19,688 38.573 77, 292 38,718
»1931 671 23,844 20,452 63,772 100,817 53,045
Hats and caps, exeopt felt and 1937 258 3,460 2,934 6,928 11,730 5,802
straw, men’s. 1936 315 3,796 3,518 7,062 14,257 7,205
1933 299 4,053 2,908 6,181 12,659 0,478
1931 379 3,459 3,032 8,173 16,867 8 ,8 9 4
Hats, fur felt___________-_____ 1937 140 15,926 17,705 34,732 06,775 32,042
1936 152 14,660 16,454 27,646 65,907 28,262
1933 117 12,540 11,935 19,138 40,600 21,462
1931 138 14,084 16,638 29,609 59,616 30,107
I Figures for 1937 and 1936 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
! value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, oto., fuel,
purchased energy, and oontract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few industries.
I! No comparable figures available for earlier years.
' Revised by adding figures for "Hats and caps, except felt and straw,” formerly Included in the "Outting-up”
industries.
II Figures not striotly comparablo with those for 1933 and 1931.
13 N ot striotly comparable with 1935 and 1933 because of the inclusion of processing taxes in the cost of
materials, etc., for those yeors.
2G7706”— 41-------53

8 1 0 MAHTOAOTtJ'RES
No, 8 3 0 ,— M a n u f a c t u r e s— Su m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s *
1931 to 1937— C o n tin u e d
g r o u p cm INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
c ost o r
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
PUR­
* VALUE
VALUE OF ADDED DY
CHASED
ENERGY,
AND CON­
TRACT
w o r e : 1
PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
TURE *
In thousands of dollars
Textiles, etc.—Continued.
Hat and cap materials, men’s___
Hats, straw, men’s.
Hat bodies, carded wool felt.......
Knit goods, total.
Gloves and mittens, knitted.
Hosiery..................................
Knitted doth
Knitted outerweai—regular factories.
Knitted outerwear—contract factories.
Knitted outerwear
Knitted uuderwear
Lace goods.
________
Rayon and silk mamilatlum.
total.
Rayon broad woven goods (18
inches wide and over).
1937 69 2,444 2,154 10, 091 15, 216 5,125
1935 88 2,483 2,206 8,875 13, 004 4,729
1933 76 1, 898 1,465 6,169 9,716 3,517
1931 95 1,935 2,077 6,554 11,010 4,466
1937 47 3,024 2,692 7,138 13, 622 6,484
1935 50 2,918 2, 644 7,471 12,369 4,898
1933 46 3,147 2,056 5,217 0,947 4,730
1931 50 2,823 2,784 7,253 13,892 fi, 639
1937 14 4,038 3,714 8,547 15,473 6,020
1935 12 3,005 2,896 5,367 11,185 5,818
1933 9 1, 631 1,264 1,838 4,369 2,531
1931 9 1,543 1,390 2,283 5,432 3,149
» 1937 1,821 231,064 199,057 329,489 659,974 330,485
u 1935 1,852 219,770 184,478 315, 573 606,726 291,153
1933 1,577 189,698 132,030 >1935 274 58,508 46,693 103,300 174, 598 71, 292
Rayon narrow fabrics_________ 1937 112 5,568 4,830 8,347 18,535 10,188
‘ 1936 92 3,396 2,727 4,199 9,845 5,646
Rayon throwing and spinning- 1937 25 R937 1,101 472
commission only.
2,400
11935
1,927
45 5,270 3,147 1,145 6,014 4i 839
i l°J i 9?7, and 193,5 include cost of contract work; those for 1033 and 1B31 do not, except as noted.
Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc. fuel,
not
Va,Ue °' p.rS?uots; ,or 1933 and 1931 flEures for contract work are
uotf etC0eJ^ mF a ^ew Industrie. a No comparable figures available for earlier years.
I Figures not strictly comparable with those for 1983 and 1931. 9
i‘ Revised to include cost of contract work. ’
II Includes data for knitted gloves and mittens for 1935 and prior census years.

MANUFACTURES BY INDUSTRIES 811
N o . 8 3 0 .-— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a r y fo r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s :
1931 t o 1937— C ontinued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for tho
year)
WAGBB
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
PUR­ VALUE OF
CHASED PRODUCTS
ENERGY,
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
VALUE
ADDED BY
MANUFAC­
TURE 2
In thousands of dollars
Textiles, etc.—Continued.
Rayon yarn and thread—proc- 1037 61 6,399 3,662 14,800 21,729 6,929
essed for sale. 81935 36 3,141 2,485 8,741 14,048 6,306
Silk broad woven goods (18 inches 1937 194 17,697 14,010 38,886 63,068 24,212
wide and over). •1936 396 27,104 21,249 52,903 90,286 37,382
Silk narrow fabrics...... .............. 1937 81 4, 527 4,201 6,525 13,770 8,245
■1936 91 4,516 4,173 4,734 13, 254 8,519
Silk t h r o w i n g a n d spinning— 1937 90 1 3 ,2 9 0 7,789 3 ,0 3 3 15, 278 11,646
commission only. 81936 132 10,480 9,093 3,663 17,460 13,907
Silk yam and thread—mado for 1937 62 10, 672 7,820 27,416 40,152 12,737
sale. 11935 39 7,491 6,413 19,219 28,712 9,494
W a s te a n d r e la te d p r o d u c ts , 1937 236 10,205 9,165 50,486 76,055 24,569
to ta l. i« s 1935 313 9,246 7,347 42,446 66,022 23,570
Batting, padding, and wadding; 1937 110 4, 646 4,363 23,888 36,870 12,982
upholstery filling.1* «1935 110 3,248 2,502 15,863 26,631 9,778
Processed waste and recovered 1937 126 5,660 4,801 26,698 38,186 11,587
wool fiber—for sale. 1936 203 6,097 4,755 26,693 40,391 13,798
1933 108 4,563 2,920 15,178 ■ 26,244 10,067
1031 172 4,222 3,171 13,565 22,295 8,740
W o o l a n d h a ir m a n u fa c tu r e s , 1037 704 169,277 160, 080 636,021 826,802 290,7 8 1
to ta l. 8 1936 699 168,604 152,849 440,532 710,740 270,209
Woolen and worsted dyeing and 1937 63 2,663 2,807 4,075 11,063 6,387
finishing. 8 1936 00 3,369 3,408 6,862 10,005 0,214
Woolen woven goods, including 1937 332 81,931 62,608 173,054 288,748 115,694
woven felts. « 1936 323 64,986 60,451 135,377 246,928 111,651
Woolen yarn................................. 1937 41 2,749 2, 777 8,594 13,568- 4,965
a 1936 43 2,600 % 567 ( 7,366 11,596 4,241
Wool scouring............................... 1937 20 1,262 1,303 1,916 4,550 2,636
1935 SO 1,527 1, 765 2,116 6,065 3,940
1933 20 1,396 1, 418 1,189 4,404 3,216
1931 21 1,377 1,968 1,160 4,640 3,480
Wool combing—commission, and 1937 u 3,252 3,568 4,574 10,299 5,726
. tops for sale. •1935 12 2,648 2,616 3,541 8,045 4,604
Worsted woven goods.............. 1937 176 70.227 71,101 270, m 408,842 131,937
8171936 167 72,068 66,138 226,631 338,442 111, Oil
Worsted yam ________ _______ 1937 71 17,303 14,847 66,303 89,741 23,438
81935 68 19,097 15,405 58,760 83.609 24,849
The ontting-up industries, I * 1937 13,217 661,767 662,691 1,747,222 2,907,211 1,159,989
total. 1936 14,962 002,513 510,074 1,544,852 2,680,706 1,035,853
1933 12" 127 491,420 343,316 1,073,988 1,993,527 910,639
1832 15, m 5 0 3 ,6 0 0 460,904 1 ,441,947 2,708,666 1 ,2 8 8 ,7 1 8
i Figures for 1037 arid 1036 include cost of contract work; those for 1033 and 1031 do not, except as noted.
* Value added by manufacture calculated for 1037 and 1035 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract wori&trom value of products; for 1933 and 1031 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few industries.
1 No comparable figures available for earlier years.
Excludes data for wiping rags for 1037 because not considered a manufactured product. Such data
were included for 1036.
u Revised to include data for "Haircloth,” which has been abandoned as a separate classification,
is Because of the fact that some establishments, such as those In all apparel industries, lose their identity
during a 2-year period through change of name, ownership, and location, and, therefore, m ay be missed
by a canvass made largely by mail, the 1037 statistics are not complete.

8 1 2 MANUFACTURES
N o . 8 8 0 . — M a n u f a c t u r e s— Su m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s ;
1931 to 1937— C o n tin u e d
GROUP o il INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OP
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
PUR­ VALUE OF
CHASED PRODUCTS
ENERGY,
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
VALUE
ADDED BY
MANUFAC­
TURE 8
In thousands of dollars
Textiles, etc.—Continued.
M e n 's , y o u th s ', a n d b o ys'
c lo th in g , n o t e lse w h e re etass
ifie d , to ta l.
Clothing, men's, youths’, and
boys', not elsewhere classifiedregular
factories.
Clothing, mon’s, youths’, and
boys’, not elsewhere classified'—contract
factories.
M e n ' s a n d b o ys' c o tto n , lea th er,
a n d a llie d g a r m e n ts, to ta l.
>1937 2,217 138,314 142,257 358,403 618,197 269,794
>1937 1,282 94, 361 101,042 363,884 558,997 2Q5.113
81937 935 43, 053 41,216 4, 519 59,200 54,681
>1937 3,573 166, 300 100,408 293, 950 477, 503 183, 613
Clothing, leather and sheep-lined. s 1937 78 4,075 3,720 14, 399 20,973 6, 573
Clothing, work (including work
shirts), and sport garments, except
leather.
Shirts (except work shirts), collars,
and nightwear-regular
factories.
Shirts (except work shirts), collars,
and nightwear—contract
factories.
8 1937 675 60, 502 41,265 132, 868 204, 390 71, 522
1937 409 55, 570 34,948 102, 835 174,988 72,154
1937 X20 12, 024 6,107 1,214 9 ,2 4 0 8,025
Shirts and nightwear (and collars) s 1935 555 60, 777 38, 059 94, 053 159, 709 06,716
Trousers (semidress), wash suits,
and washable service apparel.
Undorwear, men's—regular factories.
Underwear, men’s—contract factories.
s 1937 232 15,817 9, 532 28, 779 46, 778 17,099
193,7 50 7,888 4,213 13, 707 20, 285 0,578
1937 9 1,424 623 148 910 762
Underwear, men’s........................ 8 1935 65 7,655 .4,021 11,654 18, 968 7,314
M is c e lla n e o u s a p p a r e l a n d
a llie d p r o d u c ts , to ta l,
8 1937 502 20,803 15,654 59,425 95, 676 36, 251
Furnishing goods, men’s, not 16 1937 333 12,144 9, 794 37, 080 60,064 22,984
elsewhere classified—regular
factories.
Furnishing goods, men's, not
elsewhere classified—contract
factories.
Furnishing goods, not elsewhere
classified.
ta 1937 31 759 533 81 854 775
3 1935 427 11,185 9,615 32,294 56,528 2 4 ,234
Handkerchiefs—regular factories 1937 58 4 ,0 6 5 2 ,5 4 8 13, 470 18, 776 5 ,3 Of
Handkerchiefs — contract factories.
1937 16 932 586
t
134 944 8H
1Figures for 1937 and 1935 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
1Value added by manufacture calculated tor 1937 and 1935 by. subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract woTk
arc not available except for a few industries.
* No comparable figures available for earlier years.
>* Because of the fact that soma establishments, such as those in all apparel industries, lose their identity
duringa 2-year period through change of name, ownership, and location, and, therefore, may be missed by
a canvass made largely by mail, the 1937 statistics are not complete.

MANUFACTURES BY INDUSTRIES S i 8
No. 830.— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 t o 1937— C o n tin u e d
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST pp
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TU RE2
AND CON­
TRACT
WORE l
In thousands of dollars
Textiles, etc.—Continued.
Handkerchiefs............................... 1935 89 4,889 3,216 11,210 18, 443 7,233
1933. 74 4,701 2,442 8,060 14,924 6,864
1931 83 4, 701 3,221 10,266 18, 798 8,643
Suspenders, garters, and other 1937 34 2,903 2,193 8,060 15, 038 6,379
elastlo woven goods, made from 1936 74 2 ,719 1, 956 , 8,578 14, G50 0,080
purchased wobblng. 1933 62 2,617 1,827 » 8,160 12, 781 4,631
1931 71 3, 257 2,442 9,995 17,105 7,170
d im s and mittens, cloth or 1937 107 12,679 7,847 18, 70S 32, S60 13,855
cloth and leather combined, 1936 115 8,048 4,488 10,338 18,040 8,608
made from purchased mate- 1933 91 8,586 3,547 8,743 16,012 7,270
rials. 1931 * 200 7,101 3,319 S, 012 14, B39 5,627
Women’s, misses’, and chib
dren's apparel not elsewhere
classified, total.
Blouses, women’s, misses’, and
children’s—regular factories.
Blouses, women’s, missos’, and
children's—oontract factories.
Outerwear, children’s and infants’—regular
factories.
Outerwear, children’s wad infants'—contract
factories.
Coats, suits, and separate skirts,
women’s, misses’, and juniors’
—regular factories.
Coats, suits, and separate skirts,
women’s, misses’, and juniors’
—contract factories.
Dresses, except house dresses—
regular factories.
Dresses: except house dresses—
contract factories.
Dresses: House dresses, uniforms,
and aprons—regular
factories.
Dresses: House dresses, uniforms,
and aprons—contract
factories.
Underwear and nightwear of cotton
and flannelette woven fabric,
women’s, children's, and
infants’.
» is 1037 6,337 242,879 226,615 724,549 1, 213,202 488,053
8 1037 128 3,850 3,360 16,774 26,785 10,010
8 1937 64
•
2,554 1,661 145 2,435 2,290
81937 346 16,062 13,296 46,731 77,522 30,791
8 1037 106 6,167 3,308 - 276 4,941 4,665
8 1037 1,005 20,090 29,708 201,551 290,124 88,572
8 1037 762 18,923 22,004 2,163 31,097 28,934
8 1937 1,147 48,217 64,278 258,464 403,074 144,610
8 1037 1,276 43,874 42,665 2,635 58,503 65,868
8 1037 403 28,260 17,165 55,684 93,892 38,208
>1937 79 4,039 2,203 278 3,242 2,964
8 1937 122 8 ,8 3 5 6,611 19,600 30,050 10,450
Underwear and nightwear of 8 1937 113 10,463 6,562 21,418 36,373 14,966
knitted fabric, womon’s, children’s,
and Infants’.
I Figures for 1937 and 1936 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
' Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1936 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1938 and 1931 figures for contract work
are not available except for a few industries.
• No comparable figures available for earlier years.
II Revised to inolude cost of oontract work. . . .
>« Because of the fact that some establishments, such as those in all apparel industries, lose their Identity
during a 2-year period through change of name, ownership, and location, and, therefore, may be missed by
a canvass made largely by mall, the 1937 statistics are not complete.

8 1 4 m a n u f a c t u r e s
N o. 8 3 0 .'— M a n u fa c t u r e s— S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 to 1937— C o n tin u e d
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE s
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
In thousands of dollars
Textiles, etc,—Continued.
Clothing, women’s, misses’, and 8 1937 654 26,897 20,613 98,374 149,968 61,585
children’s, not elsewhere classified-regular
factories.
Clothing, women’s, misses’, and 8 1937 133 5,178 3,304 455 5,207 4,762
children’s, not elsewhere classified-contract
factories.
M illin e r y , to ta l...................... 1937 755 21,560 22, 921 41,007 88, 242 47, 236
1035 1,033 22,770 23,988 40,042 88,980 48,047
1933 834 22, 574 20,313 34,646 77, 347 42, 701
1931 .1,134 - - 26, 612 32, 565 71,795 144, 575 72, 780
Millinery—regular factories........ 8 1937 723 21, 321 22, 654 40,855 ' 87, 544 46,600
Millinery—contract factories...... 8 1937 32 239 268 162 697 545
Corsefs a n d a llied g a rm e n ts. . . 1937 215 16,385 13,255 32,514 70, 789 38,274
1935 241 15,635 12, 036 32, 632 66, 947 34,415
1933 179 14,017 9,388 29,034 58, 002 29,058
1931 204 13,977 11,490 31,694 71,923 40,229
F a b rica ted textile p ro d u c ts 1937 1,511 42,847 34, 733 218, 669 310,982 92,313
o th er th a n w e a rin g a p p a re l, 81935 1, SCI 32,503 25,399 163,462 236,683 73,222
to ta l.
Awnings, tents, sails, and canvas 1937 367 4,732 4,844 17,506 30,324 12,818
covers.11 8 1935 421 3,987 3,974 12, 682 22,809 10,227
Bags, other than paper............... 1937 186 12,075 9,749 103,725 130,001 26, 270
1935 198 10,920 8,048 88,001 111, 566 23, 564
1933 169 10, 543 6,977 69, 537 92,115 22, 678
1931 189 11,985 9,111 79,173 104,091 26,818
Curtains, draperies, and bedspreads—regular
factories.
1937 284 8,934 5,908 37,253 52,517 15, 264
Curtains, draperies, and bed- 1937 48 711 506 173 1,109 937
spreads—contract factories.
Curtains, draperies, and bedspreads.
8 1935 352 6,934 5,185 27, 536 42, 645 15,109
Housefurnishings, not elsewhere 1937 404 11,346 9,230 44, 710 60,391 24, 081
classified. 8 1935 421 7,737 5,902 28, 018 46,433 17, 515
Fabricated textile products not 1937 101 2,003 2,874 11, 567 19, 771 8, 204
elsewhere classified. "1935 52 1,187 941 3,274 5; 841 2, 567
Flags, banners, regalia, vest- 1937 121 2,146 1, 623 3,736 7,870 A 124
ments, robes, and related prod- 1935 117 1, 738 1,349 3,151 7,389 4 ' 239
nets. 1933 98 1,494 1,046 2,011 4,948 2, 936
1031 129 2,204 2,083 3,458 8,443 4,985
J
The processing industries, 1937 1,120 27,106 29,805 88,930 167,517 78,587
total. . 1935 1,196 21,917 23,143 68,838 132,992 04,154
1933 960 18,060 10, 712 46, 519 103,303 50,844
1931 1,303 19, 784 23,800 52, 718 122, 692 69, 074
and ^f51?olude ,c o s 1t ?fJ°?Iltr1a„0ot,w0*; those for 1988 and 1B31 do not, except ns noted.
by mufaotuEe calculated for 1937 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
K o f a v a t o b l ^
Of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract w ort
8 No comparable figures available for earlier years.
15 Restricted to establishments with products valued at $20,000 or more.

m a n u f a c t u r e s: b y in d u s t r ie s 8 1 5
N o . 8 3 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931. t o 1937— C ontinued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OP
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE 2
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
In thousands of dollars
Textiles, etc.—Continued.
Embroideries; trimminos (not 1937 1,071 16,189 13,314 28,234 57,908 29,074
made in textile mills); 1935 1,147 11,859 10,839 23,620 40,273 24, 663
stamped art goods, totals 1933 912 9,765 7,049 " 16,608 35,314 18, 700
1031 1,252 31,773 13,183 18,361 50, 533 32,171
Embroideries — Schiffli-machiue 1037 p8 1,171 009 2,783 ft, 220 2, 437
products—regular factories.
Embroideries— Schiffli-machino 1037 173 1,686 1,418 1,068 4, OGfl 3,301
products—contract factories.
Embroideries — Schiffli-mnchino 1935 .308 2,300 2,162 4,263 9,618 6,365
products.
Embroideries—Other than Schlf- 1037 47 618 459 676 1,632 960
Hi-machine products—regular
factories.
Embroideries—Other than Schif- 1937 267 3,394 2,850 1,472 6,056 6,486
fli-maohine products—contract
factories.
Embroideries—Other than Schlf- 1035 351 3, 351 2,001 2,173 7,792 6,619
fit-machine products.
Embroideries (Schiffli-maohine 1033 347 4, 662 3,874 » 4, 261 12, lili 7,933
and other). 1931 732 5,561 5, 330 » 0,861 20,224 13,373
Trimmings (not made in textile 1037 203 4,362 3, 710 20, 241 30, 285 10, 044
mills); stamped art goods—
regular factories.
Trimmings (not made in textile 1937 288 4, 128 3,870 1,304 8,847 7, 452
mills); stamped art goods—
contract factories.
Trimmings (not made in textilo 1035 488 6,148 5,687 15,184 28,863 13,679
mills); stamped art goods. 1933 365 6,113 4,076 «12,347 23,120 10,773
1981 520 6,212 6,853 13,824 30,308 10,486
Artificial leather; oilcloth , total. 1937 33 3,810 5,173 27,788 40,425 12,637
1035 33 3,648 4,199 23,277 34,321 11,046
1933 30 3, 203 3,410 16, Oil 20, 230 11, 226
1031 30 3,170 4,288 17,33 0 20,181 11, 843
Artificial leathor............................ 1037 26 2, 541 3,475 18,413 27,607 9,194
1936 25 2, 254 2,577 14,000 21,218 7, 200
1933 22 1, 952 1, 055 8,148 33,584 6,430
1031 21 1,941 2,477 9,083 16,195 6,112
Oilcloth_____________________ 1937 8 1,260 1,698 9,374 12,817 3,443
1935 8 1,394 1,623 0,207 13,103 3,836
1933 8 1,251 1,401 6,864 12.663 5,789
1931 9 1,229 1,811 8,256 13,986 6,730
Asphalled-lelt-base floor covering;
linoleum, total.
1937 16 8,107 11,378. 32, 008 00,184 30, 276
1936 16 6,410 8,106 23, 042 52, 308 28,456
1938 18 5, 092 5,347 16, 320 41, 812 25,492
1931 21 4,841 6,320 17, 017 42,077 25, 900
1 Figures tor 1937 and 1035 include oost of contract work; those for 1033 and 1031 do not, except as noted,
I Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1936 by subtracting cost or materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures tor contract work are
not available except tor a tow industries.
II Because of changes in classification of certain establishments, the figures for earlier years are not strictly
comparable with those for 1937.
i* Revised to include cost of contract work.

8 1 6 MANUFACTURES
N o . 8 3 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s— S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 to 1937— C o n tin u e d
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
cf
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED PY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE ^
AND CON­
TRACT
WORE 1
In thousands of dollars
Textiles, etc,—Continued.
Asphalted-felt-basc floor cover- 1937 13 3,280 4,773 17, 630 33, 548 15,918
mg. 1035 12 2,694 3,480 12, 558 28, 371 15,814
1933 13 2,271 2,546 9,504 22,714 13,150
1931 15 1,946 2,734 9,151 19, 993 10,842
Linoleum.......... ......................... 1937 3 4,827 6,604 15,278 35,637 20,358
1935 4 3, f ie 4,624 11,384 24,026 12,642
1933 5 2,821 2,800 6, 756 19,098 12,342
1031 6 2,805 3,595 7,866 22,984 15,118
Forest products, total........ ........... 1037 18,012 694,341 630, 724 1,173,031 2,439, 530 1,265,600
1935 16,127 579,012 438,395 793,534 1,662, 221 868,686
1933 12,295 454,171 289,097 609,182 1,127,405 618,223
1931 16,016 509,665 440,176 763,631 1,646,922 883,291
Basic industries, total____ 1937 8,692 326,394 276,113 ‘ 360,805 880, 540 510,735
1935 6,924 283,309 190,125 230,939 573, 291 342,352
1933 4,670 216,461 110.117 130,595 368,985 238,389
1031 6,010 226,831 163,833 167,715 463, 117 295,402
Excelsior........................ 1937 52 900 730 1,335 3,033 1,698
1935 48 831 532 1.031 2,444 1,413
1933 50 809 432 863 2,094 1,231
1931 61 927 683 1,412 2, 983 1,571
Lumber and timber products 1937 7,647 323,928 275,034 345,800 848,481 502,681
not elsewhere classified. 1935 5,981 255,230 183,074 222,440 551, 614 329,174
1933 3,783 189,367 113,183 123,450 350,464 227,013
1931 4,996 196,647 155,870 160,511 443, 629 283,118
Turpentine and rosin.................. 1937 993 1,606 350 22,670 29,025 6,356
1935 895 27,248 6,519 7,468 19,233 11,765
1933 843 26,285 5,601 6,282 16,427 10,145
1931 953 28,257 7,280 5,793 16, 506 10,713
Wood-reworking industries, 1937 3,805 94,178 92,106 216,650 403,001 186,351
total. 1935 3,694 73,188 61,914 141,228 270,256 129,028
1933 3,106 53,863 39,175 89,844 177,116 87,272
1931 4,430 75,574 78,144 157,063 310,678 153,615
Lasts and related products 1937 48 1,444 1,833 1,624 6,433 3,809
1935 4S 1,496 1,911 1,459 5,521 4,062
1933 47 1,404 1,687 1,308 5,044 3,737
1931 51 1,497 2,020 1,083 5,747 4,065
Planing-mill products and othor 1937 2,858 66,814 67,745 174,796 312, 552 137,758
wooden products not elsewhere 1935 2,753 48,297 42,179 109,108 196, 272 87,164
classified, made in planing mills 1933 2,356 3 5 ,3 8 8 26,117 67,880 124, 235 56,365
not connected with sawmills. 1931 3,453 54,493 58,552 125,760 235,681 109,920
Window and door screens and 1937 144 2,833 3,034 7,394 14, 748 7,353
weather strip. 1935 141 1,873 1,744 4,123 668 4,545
1933 123 1,571 1,223 2,911 6,314 3,403
1931 207 2,564 2,971 5,713 13,539 7,826
Wood turned and shaped and 1037 755 23,087 19,493 32,837 70,268 37,431
other wooden goods, not else- 1935 762 21,522 16,080 26,537 59, 794 33’ 257
where classified. 1933 580 15,500 10,147 17, 746 41, 523 23,777
1931 719 17,020 14,602 23,907 55,710 31,804
Wooden-container indus- 1937 1,294 48,173 36,169 87,624 160,350 72,726
tries, total. 1935 1,344 45,122 29,600 70,113 130,486 60,373
1633 1,217 42,007 24,183 59,078 108,952 49,874
1931 1,490 43,277 33,056 73,825 139,016 65,102
' Figures for 1937 and 1935 Include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not. except as noted.
»Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of produots; for 1033 and 1931 figures for contract work aro
not available except for a few indqstrjeg.
'

MANUFACTURES' BY INDUSTRIES $17
No. 830.— M a n u f a c t u r e s— S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s :
1931 t o 1937— C ontinued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OP
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE »
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
In thousands of dollars
Forest produots—Continued.
Boskets and rattan and willow 1937 194 9,308 5,126 6,963 16,061 9,687
ware, not Including furniture. 1985 204 9, OOG 4,603 5,750 14,492 8,741
1933 184 8,371 3, 625 4,900 12,435 7,536
1931 223 8,428 5,267 0,314 10,347 10,033
Boxes, cigar, .wooden and part 1937 69 3,206 2,322 2,081 7,328 4,447
, wooden. 1036 72 3,176 2,000 2,227 6,161 3,934
1933 77 3,426 1,782 2,209 5,904 3,695
1931 02 3,777 2,504 3,473 8,859 5, 386
Boxes, wooden, except cigar boxes. 1937 034 25, 881 19,544 45,454 86,347 40,893
1935 861 23,061 15,015 82,165 63,278 31,113
1933 595 21,753 12,515 29,050 54, m 25, 938
1981 075 22,884 17, 572 39,705 74,667 34,902
Cooperage..................................... 1937 397 9,588 9,177 32,527 50,2251 17, 098
1985 407 9,879 7,982 29,972 40,566 16,584
1933 361 8,457 6, 261 22,913 35,618 12,705
1931 500 8,208 7,663 24,333 39,143 14,810
Furniture and related in- 1937 3,283 173,984 176,520 315,376 676,781 361,406
dustries, total. 1935 3,221 133,772 116,741 214,387 447,441 233,054
1933 2,500 108,298 78,421 145,924 305,960 160,035
1031 3,340 131,310 130,077 223,071 497,197 274,125
Billiard and pool tables, bowling 1937 23 530 538 1,838 5,547 3,709
alleys, and accessories. 1935 17 314 290 1,059 3,146 2,086
1933 17 407 228 514 1,123 609
1931 32 592 613 1,396 3,761 2,366
Furniture, including store and 1937 3,097 170,072 172,558 308,304 058,467 350.163
office fixtures. 1936 3,036 130,781 113,898 209,161 434,444 225,293
1933 2,411 105,488 76,340 142,587 297,730 155.143
1031 3,148 127,605 126,972 217,896 482,289 204,303
Mirror and picture frames.......... 1937 103 3,382 3,433 5,234 12,767 7,634
1935 169 2,077 2,652 4,177 9,852 6,675
1933 138 2,403 1,847 2,823 7,107 4,284
1931 160 3,113 3,492 3,780 11,146 7,307
Other allied industries, 1937 93S 51,612 56.808 184,470 318,857 134,382
total. 1935 944 43.621 40,016 136.867 240,747 103,880
1933 730 33,546 38,202 83,741 m , 393 82.052
1031 748 33,073 35,065 141,957 236,913 94,957
Caskets, coffins, burial cases, 1937 521 13,678 15.120 33,628 71,757 38,128
and other morticians' goods. 1936 648 13,779 13,817. 29,479 66,653 36,174
1933 390 12,165 11,837 25,674 58,740 33,066
1931 399 11,932 14,225 28,519 60,810 41,291
Cork products__________ ____ 1937 36 3,599 4,136 13,905 21,783 7,879
1935 34 3.033 2,770 7,268 13,987 6,719
1033 30 2,797 2,168 5,277 11,004 6,327
1931 31 3,018 3,027 8,617 14,877 8,260
Matches_____________ ______ 1037 25 6,261 5,302 20,214 30,902 10,688
1035 24 5.075 4.693 19,039 30,440 11.401
1933 18 4,726 4,037 11,679 26,373 14,693
1931 19 3,369 3,403 10,875 18,473 7,597
Synthetic-resin, cellulose-nlastlo, 1937 160 16,673 19,822 32,045 77,716 45,671
vulcanlzed-flber, and molded 1936 153 12,749 12.090 21,300 50,299 28,999
and pressed pulp fabricated ar- 1933 101 6,840 5,927 10,023 25,731 15,708
tides, not elsewhore classified. 1931 86 5,654 6,105 10,805 27,239 16,436
i Figures for 1037 and 1935 Include cost of contract work; those for 1633 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
*Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few Industries.

8 1 8 MANUFACTURES
No. 8 3 0 .— M a n u fa c t u r e s— Su m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s :
1931 to 1937— C o n tin u e d
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(avorago
for the
y ear)
WAGES
COST OP
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., PT7EL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OP ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE *
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
In thousands of dollars
Potest products—Continued.
Wood preserving....................... 1937 197 12.401 11,338 84,684 116,700 32,015
1935 185 8,986 6,639 50,781 80,368 20, 687
1933 185 7,027 4,238 31,087 43,945 12, B58
1931 211 9,700 8, 214 85,141 106, 514 21,374
Paper and allied products, total.. 1937 3,053 264,455 307.270 1,208,164 2,060,849 852,606
1936 2,945 235.665 235,725 887,346 1,523,186 636,840
1933 % 697 106,380 172,842 654,647 1,172,743 . 518,096
1931 2,883 194, 681 214,337 758,010 1„357,682 509, 872
Paper and pulp, total____ 1037 841 137,803 175, 650 721,101 1,206, 132 484, 031
1935 779 126,971 183, 602 525, 499 879,002 383, 803
1933 781 107,298 99,194 393,063 695,064 301,991
1931 « 8 4 8 107,902 126,886 495,080 861,530 356,442
Pulp (wood and other fiber)....... 1937 194 26,994 33,570 153,052 247,192 93,540
1935 188 23,627 23,401 98,178 167,208 71,030
1933 181 20, 074 18,103 81,806 134, 602 52,796
1931 M 198 20,219 22,844 110,008 100, 669 88, 891
Taper........................................... 1937 647 110,809 142,080 567,449 957, 040 300. 491
1935 591 103,344 110,200 429,820 711,703 282, 473
1933 690 87,224 81,091 311,767 560,003 249,195
1931 650 87,683 104,042 384,420 084,971 300, 551
Converted paper products. 1937 2,212 126,652 131,619 487,053 855,717 308. 664
total. 1935 2,160 108,694 102,123 361,847 044,186 282,338
1933 1,916 80,082 73,648 260,984 477,089 216,105
m 1031 2,069 89,186 89, m 271,005 520,921 240,916
Bags, paper, exclusive of those 1037 107 10,380 9,850 53,424 82,458 20,034
made in paper mills. 1935 107 9,120 8,038 41,706 65,564 23.798
1933 96 7,665 5,813 20,206 40,370 20,084
1931 95 6,836 6,423 33,427 54, 201 20,804
Boxes, paper, n o t elsewhere 1037 1,257 05,158 66,025 238, 600 409, 475 170,074
classified. 1935 1,214 55,276 50, 579 168,915 298,848 129,733
1933 1,104 47,220 37, 614 120,320 223, 004 00, 679
1931 1,214 40,722 44,085 113,251 217,872 104, 021
Cardboard, not made in paper 1937 16 877 814 2,025 6,379 2 ,4 5 4
mills. 1935 16 628 641 1,047 3, G04 1 ,7 4 8
1933 12 492 452 1,406 2,793 1 ,3 8 8
1931 12 520 599 1,656 3, 694 l r 038
Card cutting and designing......... 1937 77 3,315 4,138 9,369 21,138 11, 70S
1935 76 2,061 2,845 7,710 17, 210 0, 500
1933 64 1,804 1,535 4,029 10,138 0 ,1 0 8
1931 72 2,041 2,408 6,674 15, D53 9 ,2 7 0
Envelopes_______ __________ 1937 162 9,611 10,503 25.107 61,290 2 6 ,1 8 3
1935 166 9.038 9,087 20,900 43,618 2 2 ,7 1 8
1033 163 7,981 6,755 15,918 33,896 17,9 7 8
1631 162 8,924 9,658 22,452 46,943 2 4 ,4 9 1
Paper goods not elsowhere classi- 1037 551 32,888 34,835 145,809 259,206 113, 397
fled. 1935 547 27,416 26,448 110,719 196,786 8 6 ,0 6 8
1933 438 20,681 18, 304 77,158 142,079 64,921
201931 464 20,409 22,769 84,395 162, 074 7 7 ,0 7 0
Wallpaper................................... 1937 42 4,543 5,466 11,920 26,772 1 4 ,8 8 2
1935 40 4,265 4,466 9,8 0 0 10, 658 0 ,7 0 8
1933 39 3,239 3,116 6,851 16,800 8, 948
1931 50 3,734 3,994 9,150 20,104 11, 044
I Figures for 1937 and 1035 include cost of contract work; those for 1938 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
«Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuoi,
purchased energy, and contract work from vaiuo of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work
are not available except for a few industries.
>» Revised; revision not carried into group total.

MANUFACTURES' BY INDUSTRIE'S 8 1 9
No. 830.— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s :
1931 t o 1937— C o n tin u e d
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
yonr
N um ­
ber of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST 01’
ItATEiija
l s ,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OB' ADDED RY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE 8
AND CON­
TRACT
W O R E1
In thousands of dollars
Printing, publishing, and allied
industries, total.
Printing and publishing,
total.
Printing and publishing, book,
music, and job.
Printing and publishing, newspaper
and periodical.
Allied industries, total..
Bookbinding and blank-book
making.
Engraving (other than steel,
copperplate, or wood), chasing,
etching, and dleslnking.
Engraving, steel, copperplate,
and wood, and plate printing.
Lithographing.
printing cstal
not done in
lishments.
Stereotyping and electrotyping,
not done in printing establishments.
Chemicals and allied products,
total.
Chemicals and allied products
ether than animal
and vegetable oils, total.
1937 22,751 363,108 532,086 703, 002 2, 585, 000 1,792,607
1935 22, 606 304, 842 440,372 613,446 2,164,005 1.651. 560
1933 19,293 202, 903 354,320 375,843 1,726.425 1,350,583
1931 24,789 315, 306 535,902 578,080 2,487,825 1,909,744
1937 10,831 276, 683 410,030 070,692 2,205,826 1,520, 234
1035 19,840 245.370 361,602 536.034 1,891,030 1,354,704
1033 10,867 213,786 202,472 14 422, 372 1,524,900 1,102,018
201931 21,978 255, 480 438, 030 “ 047,871 2,212,267 1,564,397
1037 10,687 141.308 195,050 283,571 809,705 526,224
1035 10,961 126.002 108,772 233,080 698,820 464,840
1033 0,224 104,690 128,9S2 “ 175,049 619,000 344,042
20 1931 11,707 135,977 212,931 14 262,881 804,019 641,138
1937 9,244 136,215 221.881 303,021 1,306,031 1,003,010
1935 8,879 118, 684 192,890 302,054 1,192,810 889,805
1933 7i 633 100,087 103,400 » 247.323 1,004,090 767,070
1031 10; 211 110.503 225,009 14 384,900 1,408,248 1,023,250
1937 2,920 70,525 110,056 116.500 370,873 263,373
1035 2,700 50,466 84.710 70,511 273.356 106,845
1033 2,430 49,207 61,849 56,221 201,430 145,215
1931 2,819 60,845 98,538 73,101 280,848 207,747
1937 907 25,333 28,065 30,746 04,822 64,077
1935 1,022 20.454 21,700 22,018 73,315 51,207
1933 863 18,885 10,091 4416,540 50,011 30,471
1931 1,050 21,216 25,366 “ 22,504 79,780 57,276
1937 77 2,152 2,771 2,865 8,881 0,016
1935 101 2,100 2,449 2,762 7,661 4,000
1033 77 1,080 1,004 021 3,425 2,505
1931 133 1,467 2,048 1,440 5,007 4,168
1937 435 7,831 9,883 8,115 20,436 21,321
1936 388 5,300 6,521 4,818 20,121 15,306
1033 343 5,033 5,265 3,637 16,223 12,586
1931 432 6,006 0,503 6,426 27,425 21,001
1937 552 24,070 85,928 54.310 137,731 83,412
1935 387 17,088 24,158 34,305 92,047 57,742
1033 340 14,570 18,123 >

8 2 0 M A N O TIA CTU BES
N o . 8 3 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s— S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 t o 1937'—Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE 2
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
In thousands of dollars
Chemicals, etc.—Continued.
Ammunition and related prod- 1937 15 6,596 7,684 16,462 37.443 20,981
ucts. 1935 13 6,699 5,121 10,354 26,308 16,954
1933 8 5,305 4,429 9,397 24,402 15.005
1931 9 5,336 4,428 9,427 25,112 15,685
Baking powder, yeast, and other 1937 40 2,380 3,761 13,330 30,279 16,049
leavening compounds. 1936 46 2', 066 4,278 14,403 32,341 17,938
1933 40 2,690 3,654 13,112 31,976 18,863
1931 45 2,881 4,798 20,746 47,027 26,281
Blacking, stains, and dressings... 1937 147 1,636 1,480 7,988 10.183 11,194
1936 167 1,408 1,467 8,396 17,932 9,536
1933 154 1,625 1,504 6,900 19,056 12,14G
1931 156 1,601 1,666 6,941 20,343 13,402
Bluing__ ______ _____ _______ 1937 u 67 69 350 1,129 778
1935 16 58 55 287 912 024
1933 16 77 86 323 1,033 710
1931 20 05 04 402 1,179 777
Bone black, carbon black, and 1937 62 2,190 2,712 7,230 18,854 11,618
lampblack. 1935 55 1,828 1,937 5,334 14,811 9,477
1933 48 1,449 1,206 4,010 8,507 4,497
1931 62 1,039 1,344 5, 022 9,535 4,513
Candles......................................... 1937 22 725' 086 2,624 5,352 2,727
1936 23 713 599 2,400 4, 734 2,334
1933 19 673 561 1,8-44 4,128 2, 284
1931 23 713 711 2,481 5,396 2,016
Chemicals not elsewhere olassi- 1937 601 78,951 117,221 455, 062 932. 750 477,088
fled. . 1936 570 05,838 80,481 330,134 608, 697 338, 664
1933 541 53.190 59,229 221,453 476, 503 265, 040
1931 658 48,622 06,360 246, 068 533,176 287,107
Cleaning and polishing prepara- 1937 363 3.341 3, 943 23,644 57.871 34, 228
tions. 1936 395 2,824 3,033 17, 295 42. 407 2,5,112
1033 327 2,766 2, 722 14, 758 41, 048 20, 296
1931 388 2,449 2,969 16,979 48,007 31,028
Compressed and liquefied gases.. 1037 366 4,065 6,591 14,244 56, 418 42,174
1035 330 3,788 4,408 11,230 42, 019 30,780
1933 326 2,763 3,154 8,585 32,007 23.421
1931 349 2,844 3,806 10,135 41,808 31,872
Drug grinding.............................. 1937 21 690 849 4,762 7,935 3,173
1936 21 590 601 3,370 5,916 2.537
1033 22 630 614 3,448 6,399 2,052
1931 23 661 711 5,467 9,150 3,702
Drugs and medicines............ ...... 1937 1,013 24,095 26.116 08,822 345.918 247T097
1935 1,066 22,128 21,979 83,704 201, 733 208,030
1933 996 10,683 18,798 70,594 257,013 186,419
1931 1,107 21,023 23,194 82,350 313,563 231,200
Explosives.............. .......... .......... 1937 77 5,406 8,620 24,213 58,181 33,069
1036 74 4,570 5.647 17,013 40,667 23,655
1933 66 4,108 4,135 12,705 35,106 22,401
1931 78 4, 733 5,572 10, 510 46, 258 26,730
Fertilizers..................................... 1937 743 20,803 15,364 130,081 105, 760 65, 678
1035 670 17,473 10,067 93,382 140,388 47,004
1933 522 13,083 7,274 69,053 94.939 25. 886
1931 599 14,551 12,146 106,481 154, 350 47, 869
1 Figures fur 1987 and 1935 Include cost of contract work; tlioso for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
! Value addod by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1936 by subtracting cost of materials, eto., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work aro
not available except for a few Industries.

m anufactures by in d ustries 8 2 1
No. 830.— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a ry f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s :
1931 t o 1937— Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Numher
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for tho
year)
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
PUR­ VALUE OF
CHASED PRODUCTS
ENERGY,
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
VALUE
ADDED BY
MANUFAC­
TURE 2
In thousands of dollars
Chemicals, eto.—Continued.
Fireworks and allied products- 1937 50 1,760 1.621 3, G95 8,128 4,433
1035 52 1,688 1,309 2,649 0.504 3,865
1933 40 1,420 1,122 2,046 5,979 3,033
1031 . 48 1,887 1,661 2.902 0,970 3,085
Glue and golatin........................... 1937 75 3,547 4,565 23, 301 40.650 17,269
1935 74 3,253 3,534 15,076 28,1G1 13,085
1033 63 2; 013 2,033 8,328 17,163 8,834
1931 72 2,559 3,325 15,460 27,516 12,065
Grease and tallow, not including 1937 266 5,200 0,763 32, 980 62, 269 10, 289
lubricating greases.

8 2 2 M A N U FA C T U R E S
No. 8 3 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a ry f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s :
1931 t o 1937— Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
N u m ­
b e r of
e s ta b ­
lishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OP
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
PUR­ VALUE OP
CHASED PRODUCTS
ENERGY,
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
VALUE
ADDED BY
MANUFAC­
TURE a
In thousands of dollars
Chemicals, eto.—Continued.
W o o d d istillatio n a n d oIibtoorI 1937 60 4,467 4,024 11, 328 20,146 14,817
m an u fa c tu re . 1936 60 3,808 2,816 7,923 15,071 8,047
1033 54 2,731 1,782 6,073 11,036 6,063
1031 63 2,664 2,746 6,474. 11,440 4,966
Animal and vegetable oils, 1037 588 21,880 16,361 329, 273 405,857 76,584
total. 1936 601 17, 612 10,505 240. 034 203, 431 52.407
1933 567 16,973 8,262 120,951 170,022 40,072
1931 609 15,194 12,207 220,147 273,657 53,509
Oil, cake, and meal, cottonseed.. 1937 447 16,683 8,532 196,747 242,043 40,290
1935 458 13,226 5,912 100,562 187,887 27,330
1933 475 14,242 6,376 78,229 104,212 25,982
1931 504 12,268 8,335 147,165 181,347 34,182
OH, cake, and meal, linseed......... 1937 23 2,628 3,591 74,481 90, 357 15,875
1936 25 2,350 2,650 48,816 60,264 11,449
1933 22 1,625 3,684 S3, BBS 40,463 0,610
1931 28 1,837 2,278 60,306 62,883 12, 576
Oils, essential............................... 1937 13 195 266 2,933 3,981 1,048
1035 12 166 219 2,603 3, 542 939
1033 12 176 222 2,243 3,094 851
1931 12 128 199 % 707 3,505 798
Oils not elsewhere classified........ 1937 105 2,474 2,962 58. Ill 69.476 13,365
1935 106 1,770 1,814 < 30,918 41,737

MANUYACTUBES BY INDUSTRIES 823
No. 8 3 0 .'— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a ry f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s :
1931 t o 1937—Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
■WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS m a n u f a c ­
ENERGY,
t u r e 9
AND CON­
TRACT
W O R K 1
In thousands of dollars
Rubber products, total................. 1937 478 129,818 171,305 611,290 883,033 368,772
1935 466 114,681 133,715 308.811 077,059 308,848
1933 408 106, 283 99,117 211,397 472,744 201,347
1931 453 90,260 112, 596 252,867 614,265 361, 398
Rubber tires and inner tubes___ 1937 46 03, 200 99, 707 365, 858 676,860 209,002
1035 42 57,128 78, 253 265,515 446,092 180,576
1933 44 62,970 51,737 130, 392 299. 313 160,921
1931 48 49,150 03,089 173, 601 406, 283 232,679
Boots and shoes, rubber.............. 1937 12 1 8 ,3 5 6 20,122 27.4 7 5 04,455 36,981
1035 12 17,219 10.113 20,821 53,162 32,341
1933 13 18,102 14,440 14i 124 42,010 27,895
1931 15 15,882 13,770 12,298 47,905 35,607
Rubber goods other than tires. 1937 420 48,172 54,176 119,027 242,717 122.790
inner tubes, and hoots and 1935 412 40,307 39,348 82,475 178, 405 95, 031
shoos. 1033 351 35, 295 29, 939 57,881 131, 411 73, 531
1931 390 34, 218 35,738 06,006 160,077 93,112
Leather and Its manufactures, 1937 3, 304 331,955 311,298 809,480 1,491, 513. 592,043
total. 1935 3,506 310,756 279,740 694,203 1 ,224,431 530,139
1933 3,265 282, 000 222, 487 544,737 008, 773 452,036
1931 3,702 272,767 262,130 G6C, 200 1,189, 870 523, 676
Leather: Tanned, curried, 1937 402 50,687 61,288 281.506 395,022 113,516
and finished." 1935 384 50,877 65,083 199,411 308,345 108,934
1933 374 11,191 13, 076 138,177 237,202 99,025
1931 418 42,047 49,642 172,786 271,138 08,352
Leathor: Tanned, curried, and 1937 331 18,132 58,332 279,220 387,0 0 8 108,688
finished—regular factories.*8
Leather: Tanned, curried, and
finished—contract factories.**
1937 71 2,665 2,956 2,286 7 ,114 4,828
Leather products, total___ 1937 2 ,9 6 2 281,268 250,004 017,903 1 ,0 0 6 ,4 9 0 478,527
1035 3 ,1 2 2 269,878 224,050 194,882 916.086 421,205
1933 2,891 237,811 170. I l l 406,501 759, 671 353,010
1931 3 ,2 8 4 230,710 2X2,588 493,415 918, 738 425,324
Bolting and packing, leather....... 1937 182 2,820 3,355 15,529 27,901 12,372
1935 187 2,392 % 520 11, 574 21. 522 9,948
1033 162 1,684 1,733 7,018 14, 880 7,862
1931 178 1,610 1, 968 7,302 14, 622 7,220
Boot and shoe out stock and find- 1037 • 470 18,755 17,811 95,088 132, 660 36,672
ings. 1035 498 18,275 i e r 78i 70,317 H I , 679 35,251
1033 487 10,798 13,918 61,864 03,293 31,420
1031 552 17,672 10, 412 82,274 117,101 34,827
Boots and shoes, other than rub- 1037 1,080 215,438 191,805 ■ 410,305 768,327 352,022
her. 1935 1 .0 2 4 202,113 172,349 333,799 043,8 7 2 310,073
1933 1,132 190,914 142,054 286,303 • 663,425 267,122
1931 1,156 181,371 163,271 337,627 053,880 316,252
Gloves and mittens, leather........ 1937 221 11,637 9 ,0 3 9 15, 720 30, 718 14,099
1935 224 9,810 8 ,6 0 0 13,874 28,1 3 1 14,267
1933 191 8,120 0,131 11,377 23, 470 12,093
1931 227 7,884 7,654 13,136 2 8 ,0 2 4 14,887
1Figures for 1037 and 1935 include cost o{ contract work; those for 1033 and 1031 do not, except as noted.
1 Value added by manufacture calculated for 1037 and 1035 by subtracting cost of materials, e ta . , fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few industries.
** At the census for 1037 the “Leather: Tanned, curried, and finished” industry was separated into 2
Industries, "Leather: Tanned, ourrlod, and finished—regular factories” and “Leather: Tanned, curried, and
finished—contract factories.” No separation of the statistics was made tor years prior to 1037.

8 2 4 MANUFACTURES
N o. 8 3 0 .— -M a n u f a c t u r e s — Su m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 to 1937— Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OP
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
PUR­
CHASED
ENERGY,
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
VALUE OP
PRODUCTS
VALUE
ADDED BY
MANUFAC­
TURE a
In thousands of dollars
Leather, etc.—Continued.
Handbags and purses, worn- 1937 203 11,306 9,054 24,756 43,440 18, 090
en’s.23
Leather goods—small articles 1937 68 2,443 1, 850 6,342 10, 217 4,876
Leather goods not elsewhere 1937 322 7,103 6,309 15, 670 31,084 15,406
classified.33
Pocketbooks, purses, and card 1935 324 11,406 9,232 23,288 42,902 19,704
cases.** 1933 218 8,107 5,054 15,349 • 2 8 ,345 12,096
1931 260 8,747 0,793 22,001 43,147 20,646
Leather goods not elsewhere 1935 401 6,024 5,421 13,358 26,385 13,027
classified.23 1033 291 4,547 3,516 9,176 18,425 9,250
1931 356 5,221 5,321 11,974 26,012 14,038
Saddlery, harness, and whips---- 1937 139 3,049 2,699 8, n o 13,417 5,306
1935 157 3,234 2,910 7,739 13,357 5,018
1933 147 2,516 2,054 8,146 10,364 4,218
1931 185 1,974 1,926 5,268 9 ,339 4,071
Trunks, suitcases, brief cases. 1037 277 8,708 8,468 20, 634 38,720 18.186
bags, and otbor luggage. 1935 307 6,654 6,330 14,032 28,248 13,317
1933 270 5,117 3,749 9,328 17,368 8.040
1081 371 6,198 6,343 13,232 20,715 13,483
Stone, clay, and glass products, 1037 6,071 300,278 348,521 523,112 1 ,305,858 872,746
total. 1038 5,722 233,205 226,140 353, 709 946,480 592,771
1033 4,528 173,000 142,142 212,155 608,699 300,645
1931 6,408 222, 886 248,800 310,408 025,318 608)850
Industries using stone as 1037 3,578 110,171 130,333 250,317 628,892 378,675
a material, total. 1935 3,395 81,302 80,231 156,266 408,786 253,531
r* 1033 2,556 61,620 54,013 96,540 273,195 176,646
2* 1031 3,762 84,787 107,105 165,666 463,441 207,774
Abrasive wheels, stones, paper. 1037 103 9,670 14,250 29,339 77,954 48,616
and cloth, and related prod- 1935 94 6,776 8,351 20,734 53,867 33,133
ucts. 1933 77 4,890 4,981 11,349 30,159 18)810
1031 73 4,614 5,540 11,727 31,647 19,919
Asbestos products other than 1937 73 13,023 14,187 29,404 63,794 34,300
steam packing and pipe and 1935 72 0,622 9,293 17,178 38,163 20,985
boiler covering. 1933 58 6,084 6,075 10,780 25,255 14,466
1931 67 6,009 6,452 13.837 35,174 21,337
Cement_____________________ 1937 158 26,426 34,070 69,979 183,201 113,222
1935 153 20,698 20,904 43,089 120,417 77,328
1933 148 15,820 13,870 26,932 86,921 59,989
1931 164 24,317 29,884 56,098 148,845 92, 747
Concrete products________ — — 1037 1,382 12,840 18, 781 35.453 76,174 40. 721
1935 1,224 8,399 7,834 20,223 44,967 24, 745
1933 766 4,422 3,592 9, 289 20, 538 11, 240
1931 1,432 9,253 ■ 10,728 • 22,373 63,192 30, 810
i Figures for 1937 and 1035 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
* Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from valuo of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few industries.
At-the census for 1937 “Handbags and purses, women’s,” "Leather goods—small articles;” and
4‘Leather goods not elsewhere classified” were established as separate industry classifications. The establishments
comprising these industries were formerly in the industries “ Pocketbooks, purses, and card
cases” and “Leather goods not elsewhere classified.” Comparable figures are not available for classifications
established for 1937.
3« At the census for 1937 “Nonclay refractories” was established as a separate industry classification;
data were formerly included in the “ Clay products” industry. The figures for 1935 and 1933 for the latter
industry have been revised by excluding data for nonclay refractories, but no segregation has been made
for 1081. The subgroup totals have been revised for the years 1035 and 1933,

MANUFACTURES BY INDUSTRIES 825
N o. 830.'— M a n u f a c t u r e s '— S u m m a r y f o r I n b u s t r y G r o u p s a n b I n b u s t r ie s :
1931 to 1937— Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY.
TURE 2
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
In thousands of dollars
Stone, etc.—Continued.
Gypsum products38..................... 1037 70 5, 207 6,691 16, 681 42, 617 25,935
1935 72 3,382 3,444 8, 921 26,288 17,368
Xyimo............................- ................ 1937 203 9,751 9, 610 13, 287 35,022 21, 735
1935 189 7,497 6,052 8,040 23.322 14, 382
1933 167 5,972 4,079 6, 543 16, 200 9, 657
1931 203 6,700 6,012 8,806 22,200 13, 304
Marble, granite, slate, and other 1937 1,403 20,816 24,381 27,349 79,006 51, 657
stone, cut and shaped. 1935 1,404 15,224 16,192 18,756 50,478 37,722
1933 1,129 16, 541 16, 700 17,777 55,041 37,264
1931 1, 588 27,700 41, 651 34,405 119,395 84, 990
Nonclay refractories 24.................. 1937 40 5,641 6,331 12, 538 28,457 15,919
1035 43 4,861 4,023 8,153 20, 771 12,618
1033 40 3,394 2,130 4,813 12,151 7,338
Sand-lime briclr............................ 1037 23 414 460 545 3, 618 1,073
1935 20 227 169 270 054 386
1933 10 84 61 74 205 131
1931 31 322 357 461 1,268 806
Wallboard and plaster (except 1987 114 6,383 6, 691 15, 652 41,049 25,398
gypsum), building insulation, 1935 124 4,610 3,938 8, 992 23,850 14, 867
and floor composition.28
Wallboard, insulating board,
gypsum and other plasters, and
floor composition.28
1933 172 4, 604 3,679 9,439 27, 610 18,172
1931 214 6,461 7, 111 18,913 54,504 85, 681
Industries using clay as a 1937 1,727 98,404 102, 630 91,346 291,247 109,901
material, total. « 1935 .1,582 74,078 63, 570 69,113 186,030 125,918
« 1933 1,334 55,062 37,347 S3,611 110, 679 77,058
«1931 1,807 80,909 75, 223 50, 077 209, 286 149,309
China firing and decorating, not 1937 16 306 359 762 1,690 927
done in potteries. 1935 19 278 224 645 1,267 622
1033 14 152 127 378 762 384
1931 21 220 236 551 1,128 577
Clay products (other th&n pot- 1937 1,198 59,585 57,844 50,975 163,262 112,286
tery). « 1935 1,031 39,722 30,570 20,931 90,427 60,496
281933 888 28.650 16,828 15,181 52,452 37,271
241931 1,264 61,128 44,368 36,969 127,336 90,367
Graphite, ground and refined___ 1937 6 56 74 729 1,078 349
1935 9 256 261 942 2,122 1,180
1933 10 168 146 763 1,490 727
1931 9 183 183 976 1,962 986
Minerals and earths, ground or 1937 157 4,639 4, 898 11, 613 27,161 15,548
otherwise treated. 1935 101 4, 258 3,614 8,919 21, 545 12,626
1933 107 1,874 1,665 4,389 9,684 5,295
1931 88 1,090 1,127 3,817 7,295 3,478
1Figures for 1937 and 1935 include cost of contract work; those for 1983 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
1 Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1035 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work aro
not avilable except for a few industries.
« At the census for 1937 "Nonclay refractories” was established as a separate industry classification;
data were formerly included in the “Clay products” industry. Tile figures for 1935 and 1933 for the latter
industry have been revised by excluding data for nonday refractories, but no segregation has been made
for 1931. The subgroup totals h&ve been revised for the years 1935 and 1933.
« The “ Gypsum products" and “Wallboard and plaster (except gypsum), building insulation, and
floor composition” Industries were treated as a single industry, “Wallboard, insulating board, gypsum
and other plasters, and floor composition” prior to 1935. The 1933 and 1931 figures for the latter industry
have been revised to include data formineral wool, formerly assignod to “Steam and other packing," etc.,
b u t this revision was not carried into totals for subgroup and group.
267706”—41------54

8 2 6 M A N U FA C T U R E S
N o. 8 3 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s— S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 t o 1937— Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OP
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE 3
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK*
In thousands of dollars
Stone, eto.—Continued.
Pottery, including porcelain 1937 261 33,060 38,329 26,252 94,726 68,474
ware. 1935 257 28.845 28,088 18,003 66, 778 48,776
1033 231 23,632 17.891 12,179 43,718 31,539
1931 275 27,023 26,981 16,393 65.8G6 49,473
Statuary and art goods (except 1937 99 858 1,126 1,015 3,331 2,310
concrete), factory production. 1935 105 719 803 * 776 2,892 * 2,116
1033 84 686 789 721 2,574 1,853
1931 150 1,325 2,328 1,271 6,700 4,429
Glass and manufactures of 1937 766 91,703 116,688 181,449 475,719 294,270
glass, total. 1035 745 77,825 82,339 139,341 352,664 213,323
1933 638 56,317 60,781 81,995 224,825 142,830
1931 839 57,100 66,531 90,824 252,592 101,707
Glass.......................... ...... ........... 1937 232 70,051 101,588 140,705 387,710 247,006
1936 213 67,138 71,443 110,041 283,925 173,884
1933 213 49,797 46,222 63,410 101,948 128,538
1931 229 49,917 57,882 73,575 216,265 142,606
Mirrors and other glass products 1037 634 12,662 13,981 40,744 88,009 47,205
made of purchased glass. 1935 532 10,687 10,896 29,300 68,738 30,438
1933 425 6,520 5,659 18,585 32,877 14,292
1931 610 7,183 8. 650 17,250 30,327 19.077
Iron and steel and their products, 1937 8,345 1,100,287 1,661,045 4,047,687 7,480,300 3,432, 074
not including machinery. 1935 8.105 879,089 991,207 2.511, 698 4.688,068 2,077,260
1933 7,055 655,536 585,521 1.622.536 2,708,902 1,246,420
» 1931 6,531 626,331 735,787 1,859,989 3,400,102 I, 540, 113
Crude iron and steel and 1937 497 602,417 817,778 2,378, 626 4,003,017 1, 024, 301
rolled products, total. 1936 468 374,808 458,584 1,412,289 2,305, 970 893, 081
1933 466 288,945 270,367 876,046 1,357, 674 481, 529
1931 526 278,206 357,645 1,091,015 1,714,214 023,199
Blast-furnace products................. 1937 87 23,075 38,001 544,881 672,525 127,644
1935 72 15,178 18.916 300,658 374,651 73,003
1933 72 12,098 11,564 183,957 213,686 29,729
1931 80 18,572 19,259 259,132 311, 371 52,240
Steel-works androlllng-millprod- 1937 410 479.342 770,776 1,833,745 8,380,491 1,496,747
ucts (including all depart- 1935 396 359,630 439.669 1,111,631 1,031,318 819,688
raents, such as bolt and nut, 1933 304 276,847 258,803 662,089 1,143,889 451,800
wire, tin plate, etc,). 1931 446 264,634 338,387 831,884 1,402,843 570.050
Other iron and steel prod- 1937 7,848 663,870 843,207 1,669,061 3,477,344 1,808,283
ucts, total. «1935 7,637 504,281 532,623 1,099,409 2,282,988 1,183,580
»1933 6,589 366,594 315,154 646,490 1,411,387 764,807
W1931 6,005 348,125 378,142 768,973 1,086,888 916,915
Boiler-shop products17 ................ 1937 453 24,485 33,842 82,079 165,280 82,301
1935 413 13,290 14,770 36,598 73,170 36,572
1033 292 9,805 9,094 23,481 45,866 22,386
i Figures (or 1937 and 1935 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except ns noted.
"Value Bdded by manufacture calculated tor 1937 and 1936 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work
aro not available except for a few industries.

MANUFACTURES BY INDUSTRIES 827
No. 8 3 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s — Su m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 to 1937— Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earnors
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
COST OP
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE 2
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK 1
In thousands of dollars
Iron and steel, eto.—CJon.
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets31. 1937 138 16,840 22,088 44,342 98,079 53,737
1936 137 12,506 13,375 29,300 57,420 28,120
1933 103 8,486 7,155 15,350 32,874 17,623
1931 116 10,518 10,177 10,872 39,483 22,611
Oast-iron pipe and fittings.......... 1937 75 17,013 18,083 25,441 61,118 35,677
1935 71 13,543 10.370 14,810 37,870 23,060
1933 71 9,454 6,847 8,992 20.916 11,924
1981 78 16,000 14,659 20,977 47,938 26,900
Doors, shutters, and window 1937 154 8,408 11,879 20,053 49,916 29,862
sash and frames, molding, and 1036 134 4, 633 6,003 10,284 22,740 12,456
trim, metal. 1933 125 3,672 3,123 5,953 13,377 7,423
1931 189 8,816 8,808 14,572 35,608 21,036
Firearms___________________ 1937 21 6,847 9,670 4,333 21,555 17,222
1035 22 4,855 5,499 3,412 13,027 9,615
1933 22 3,382 3,164 2,169 9,214 7,045
1931 24 4.264 4,711 2,501 10,611 s . i i a
Forgings *.................................... 1937 194 18,265 27,659 63,-224 122,835 69,611
1936 186 12,253 16,107 ' 35,108 60.351 31,243
1933 181 7,953- 7,354 16,890 32,523 15,627
1031 202 9.971 11,444 22,667 47,700 25,043
Foundry products (gray-iron and
malleable-iron).”
1937 1,239 120,024 158,588 141,723 397,303 255,580
1936 1,261 80,894 98,512 90,275 250,460 160,185
1938 1,078 59,321 49,414 43,643 142,722 90,179
Galvanizing and other coating K. 1937 64 1,119 1,370 2,527 5,994 8,467
1936 65 1,201 1,209 2,133 5,194 3,061
1933 54 701 661 1,164 2,691 3,527
1931 60 1,011 1,170 1,009 4,060 2,391
Hardwarenotolsewlioro classified. 1037 428 53,000 65,274 80,736 219,082 132,346
1935 405 41,473 42,880 57,747 147,677 89,930
1038 381 32,560 20,937 30,040 85,077 55,037
1631 461 36,118 37,269 38,318 115,900 77,5S2
Heating and cooking apparatus, 1937 830 89,287 111,788 180,105 439,285 259,181
except electric.35 1036 334 08,820 73,041 115,010 297,364 182, 354
1933 770 52,494 40,510 66,344 186,971 120,620
1931 827 61,576 64,833 91,537 271,007 180,070
Nails, spikes, otc.1' ___________ 1937 42 2,432 2,746 5,636 11,929 6,293
1086 43 2,178 2,320 4,334 9,666 5,322
1033 39 1,095 1,590 2,704 6,973 4,269
1931 46 1,670 1,670 2,082 6,828 3,846
Plumbers' supplies, not inolud- 1037 241 26,240 30,635 50,110 113,920 63,804
ing pipe or vitreous-china sani- 1935 262 20,136 21,335 32,120 75,631 43,510
tary ware. 1933 232 15,893 12,922 17,561 46,886 20,325
1931 238 19,688 20,440 26,003 70,936 44,933
i Figures for 1937 and 1035 Include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1031 do not, except as noted.
»Value addod by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1936 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available oxcept for a few industries.
” Prior to the census for 1937 In “Machinery, not including transportation equipment" group. No
aeparato figures for 1931; at that census included In the abandoned industry "Foundry and machineshop
products.”
ii Not including similar products manufactured to a considerable extent by steel works and rolling mills
or by plants operated in connection with rolling mills. The figures here given refer only to establishments
engaged primarily In the specified classes of products. "Nails, spikes,” etc., also exclude products made in
wire mills.
» Largely custom work. Exolusive of products made In steel works and rolllngmllls or In plants operated
In connection with rolling mills.
« Represents Industries classified prior to 1687 as “Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam
fittings" and “ Stoves and ranges, other than electric."

8 2 8 Ma n u fa c t u r e s
N o . 830.— M a n u f a c t u r e s - —S u m m a ry f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r i e s :
1931 t o 1937— Continued
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
Nwn- Wage PUR- VALUE OF ADDED PY
WAGES
Oen- her of earners CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC-
GROUP OR INDUSTRY SUK estab- (average ENERGY, TUBE *
year lish- for the AND CONmonts
year) TRACT
WORK 1
In thousands of dollars
Iron and steel, etc.— Con.
1937 14 1,132 1,445 1,008 5,149 3,152
1935 H 809 800 1,266 3,313 2,047
1933 21 933 643 938 2,918 1,980
1931 25 2,044 2,176 4,073 11,607 7,534
1937 311 21,287 28,030 42, 714 102, 725 60,011
wood screws. 1935 302 15,018 16,825 27, 228 63,029 35,801
1933 255 10,236 8,951 13,485 S3,449 10, 964
1931 275 12,047 13,478 16,142 43,698 27, 556
Springs, steel, except w i r e " ............ 1937
1935
57
49
3,902
3,146
5,804
3,566
16,153
11,049
27.233
18.233
11,080
7,185
1933 00 2,112 1,972 5,543 10,413 4,860
1! 1SS1 77 8,B81 8,101 8,867 18,614 6,846
«1931 98 2,938 3, 634 7,541 15,158 7,017
products; enameling, japanning,
and lacquering.
1987 743 61,002 73,141 148,148 294,039 145,891
1935 698 50,014 51,183 102, 323 208, 672 106, 340
1933 552 32,302 20, 084 64, 082 117, 372 62,690
19S1 566 28.378 30, 662 53,018 122. 606 69,078
Steel barrels, kogs, and drums... 1937 58 6,231 7,357 30,290 48,175 17,880
1935 64 5,761 5,839 21,090 34,650 13,560
1933 58 £,517 6,026 18,035 30,399 12,304
1931 52 3,263 3,613 12,990 21,644 8,054
1937 1,132 38,814 53,898 169,673 202,756 123,083
work.89 1935 1, 111 27,243 28,225 94,088 160,702 66,675
1933 902 21,377 18,624 63,160 107,612 44,443
1931 1,302 37,610 47,875 131,649 238,033 106,384
Tin cans and other tinware not 1037 224 33,145 37,194 245,110 358, 796 113,686
olscwhere classified. 1935 204 27,484 27,826 206,118 292,388 86,270
1933 194 23,343 22,693 137,046 207,946 70,900
1031 199 25,271 27,978 149,121 223,634 74,513
Tools and cutlery:
Cutlery (not including silver 1937 251 16,830 18.638 18,737 08,194 49, 457
and plated cutlery) and edge 1935 264 13,715 13,632 12,672 51,171 38,499
tools. 1933 200 10.807 8,848 . 8,047 38,718 30, on
1931 221 12,485 12,194 8,083 52,337 43, 354
Files................................... ........ 1037 21 3,715 4,816 3,844 13,053 10, 309
1935 22 2,913 3,049 2,237 0,179 0,943
1933 23 2,634 2,431 1,567 7,391 5.824
1931 20 3,016 2,719 1,221 7,316 0,095
1037 80 4,384 6,576 7,416 19,853 12,438
1935 82 3,426 3,731 1 5,223 13,049 ‘ 8,427
1033 71 2,528 2,347 8,003 9,926 0,023
1931 78 3,005 3,084 4,035 11,672 7,537
Tools, not including edge tools, 1037 309 17,012 21,132 30,959 80,046 40,087
machine tools, files, or saws. 1935 343 12,636 13,298 19,068 52,544 33,470
1933 294 9,598 8,158 10.521 34,199 23.078
2931 355 10,833 11,209 13, 725 42,417 28,692
* Figures for 1937 and 1935 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
3 Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few industries.
* Revised; revision not carried into subgroup or group total. , ,,,
19 Not including similar products manufactured to a considerable extent by. steel works and rolling
mills or by plants operated in connection with rolling mills. The figures here given refer only to establishments
engaged primarily in tho specified classes of products. "Nails, spikes,” etc., also exclude products
made in wire mills.
i» Largely custom work. Exclusive of products made in steel works and rolling mills or m plants operated
in connection with rolling mills.
» Adjusted for comparison with 1938 and later years. ■ . ,
" Includes data for establishments engaged prlmarilyin repairing and replacing motor-vehicle springs,
not included in later years.

MANUFACTURES: BY INDUSITOIES 829
No. 8 30.—'Manufactures—Summary for Industry Groups and Industries:
1931 t o 1937— Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
c r * °
WAGES
COST OF
m a t e ­
r ia l s ,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFACe
n e r g y ,
TURE 3
AND CON­
TRACT
W O R K 1
In thousands of dollars
Iron and steel, etc,—Con.
AVire drawn from purchased rods 1937 03 24,680 33, 067 100, 376 182, 140 81,774
(covers fabricated wire prod- 1935 88 ' 21,550 24,452 68,722 127, 417 58,606
nets made In fcho same estab- 1933 78 14,056 14, 321 30, 015 75, 470 35,861
lishmonts). 1831 82 14,470 17,170 45,187 83, 370 38,183
TV ireworb not elsewhere classified. 1037 553 33,471 39,207 78,206 164, 510 86,214
1036 538 25,166 25,426 55,084 117, 509 61,585
1033 429 17,633 14,155 35,220 74, 520 39,SOD
1031 194 17,220 17,382 40,308 80, 604 46,386
"Wrought pipe, wokled and heavy 1937 53 14,125 19,436 68,629 118,769 45,140
riveted .3° 1935 48 10,720 11,793 42,285 73,849 31,564
1033 44 0,552 5,580 20.821 34,057 14,135
1931 51 8,045 9,890 42,201 75,041 32,749
Konferrous metals and their 1937 5,303 270,327. 349,270 1,920, 526 2,783,285 856,750
products, total. 1935 5,411 214,986 232,051 1,092; 344 1,668,561 576,217
1933 4,367 155,960 140,088 586, 444 951,381 364,937
1931 6,744 180,477 209,515 808,569 1,326,665 617,900
Smelting and refining, total 1937 230, 35,873 60, 788 1,134, 077 1,289,707 155,630
1935 240 27,242 20,816 600.453 695.268 94,815
1033 214 18,236 17,023 302,328 359.012 56,684
m i 237 2 1 ,006 27,004 401,151 484,682 83,530
P r i m a r y , total.........-............... 1037 02 20,816 43,256 954.818 1,084,607 129,789
1935 62 22,478 24,887 476, 653 554,627 77,074
1033 59 14, 507 13, 849 231, 885 273,280 41,401
1031 73 18,477 22, 710 335,713 408,580 72,876
Smelting and refining, copper__ 1037 23 14,514 20,941 646,294 716,355 70,061
1036, 20 10,440 11,154 310,707 348,257 37,460
1933 19 5, 506 5, 387 142,672 158,610 15,038
1931 27 8, 042 10, 708 226,550 269,384 42,864
Smelting and refining, lead......... 1037 14 4,036 5,547 234,072 253,598 19,526
1936 10 3,187 3,424 122,019 137,219 16,200
1033 ' 14 2,106 2, 32,5 60, 534 70,453 9,920
1931 16 2,584 3,569 78,746 90,726 11,982
Smelting and refining, zinc.......... 1937 25 11, 265 16,767 75,452 115,656 40,202
1035 26 8,842 10, 300 43,836 69,151 26,315
, 1033 26 6, 806 5,838 28, 679 44,222 15,543
1031 33 7,261 8,439 30,449 48,479 18,030
Secondary, total....................... 1037 168, 0,058 7,533 179,260 205,100 25.841
1935 187 4,764 4,928 123,801 140,641 16,840
. 1933 165 3,660 3,474 70, 443 85,726 16,283
1931 161 3,429 4,348 65,438 76,003 10,665
Gold, silver, and platinum, to- 1037 65j 1,086 1,561 85,208 92,093 6,886
fining and alloying. 1935 88 1,002 1,318 71,701 78,018 6,227
1033 61 745 080 39,036 44,604 5,667
1931 63 803 1,186 36,893 41,398 4,505
Smelting and refining, nonfer- 1037 103 4,073 5,072 94,052 113,007 ■18,956
rous metals othor than gold, 1935 90 3,762 3, 610 62,009 62,623 16,614
silver, and platinum, not from 1933 94 2,924 2,494 31,407 41,123 9,716
the ore. 1931 98 2,626 3,102 28,546 84,605 6,150
i Figures for 1037 and 1035 include cost of contract work;; those for 1033 and 1931 do not, exoept as noted.
1 Value added by manufacture, calculated for 1037 nnd 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1033 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available exoept for a few industries.
n Largely custom work. Exclusive of products m adefn steel works and rolling mills or In plants
operated in connection with rolling mills,

8 3 0 MANUFACTURES
No. 830.— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 t o 1937— Continued
G R O U P O R IN D U S T R Y
Census
year
Number
ot
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
W A G E S
COST O P
M A T E ­
R IA L S ,
E T C ,, F U E L ,
P U R ­
C H A SED
E N E R G Y ,
A N D CON­
TRACT
W O R K 1
V A L U E OP
PR O D U C TS
V A L U E
A D D E D B *
M A N U FA C ­
T U R E «
In thousands of dollars
Wonferrcnis metals, etc.—Con.
Alloys and manufactures 1937 5,073 234,454 208,488 792,448 1,403, 578 701,120
of metals, and of alloys, 1935 5,162 187,744 202,836 491,890 073,203 481,403
total. 1933 4,153 137,734 123,065 284,117 592,369 30S, 253
1931 5,507 » 158,305 182,451 407,418 841, 883 434,468
Aluminum products.................. 1937 163 23,695 31,888 96,104 165, 643 69, 540
1935 170 19,271 20,346 . 58,609 104,067 45,458
1933 109 13,634 11,900 34,027 61,464 27,437
1931 138 13,803 16,106 41, 605 76,300 34,005
Oloeks, watches, time-recording 1937 75, 23,223 27, 559 38,444 07,034 59,489
devices, and materials and 1035 76 18,026 18,280 22,674 01,204 38,530
parts cxcopt watchcases. 1933 63 12,860 10,003 0.468 31,650 22,188
1031 75 10,213 15,080 12,880 45,503 32, 083
Collapsible tubes...................... 1937 15 1,083 1,872 5,272 9,185 3, 913
1935 • 16 1,961 1,750 4,066 8,505 3,689
1933 17 1,750 1,482 3,834 6,924 3,000
1931 17 1,737 1,634 4,142 7,634 3,492
Electroplating_____ ___ ____ 1937 547 8,256 9,828 6,815 20,686 19,872
1935 553 6,238 6,941 4,040 18,328 13,679
1933 423 3,956 3,716 2,362 10,032 7.080
1931 404 4,107 5,642 2,802 13,084 10.282
Fire extinguishers, chemical___ 1937 25 1,041 1,401 3,582 8,889 8,307
1935 25 806 965 2,479 6,343 2.864
1933 22 589 604 1,720 3,775 2,055
1931 25 571 617 1,796 4,453 2,656
Gold leaf nnd foil___________ 1037 26 625 515 1,231 2,299 1,068
1035 27 557 403 961 1,783 822
1933 31 608 348 684 1,402 718
1931 48 865 631 1,015 2,217 1,202
Jewelers' findings and materials. 1937 71 2,470 3,002 14,674 21, 684 7,100
1935 73 2,603 2,728 10,901 17,170 6,179
1933 60 1,811 1,604 5,503 9,250 3,747
1031 99 1,899 2,343 7,121 11,076 4,855
Jewelry...................... ............... 1937 974 20,368 23,273 43,915 06.601 52,686
1935 m 17.006 17,841 30,883 70,917 40,034
1933 779 13,009 11, 323 16,783 42, 652 25,869
1031 1,052 16,724 20,231 28,684 75,123 46,438
Lighting equipment-------------- 1037 466 21,743 24,918 55,593 115,096 50,603
1935 501 •16,877 17,232 40,114 85,700 45,586
1933 357 10,538 9,506 19,241 46,173 26,933
1931 523 14,790 18,150 30,312 75,050 44,738
Needles, pins, hooks and eyes. 1937 52 9,580 10,154 10,291 36,240 25,049
and slide and snap fasteners. 1935 50 10,104 0,494 0,383 32,830 23,447
1933 45 6.412 5,768 5,818 22,758 16,040
1931 46 5,354 5,667 4,842 20,342 16, 500
Nonferrous-metal alloys; nonfer- 1937 1,103 83,016 115, 515 302, 683 669, 374 276, 691
rous-metal products, except 1935 1,098 62,935 72,001 220, 759 393, 227 172,468
aluminum, not elsewhere clas- 1033 875 47,784 43,720 128,356 239,166 110,800
silled. 1031 1,066 48,913 55.109 195.338 331, 439 130,101
Sbeet-motal work, not specifically 1937 1,392 22,973 29,203 85,035 150,096 73,161
classified. 1935 1,400 17,369 19,551 58,123 109,333 51,210
1933 1,229 13,050 12,658 35,403 68,807 33,344
1931 1,788 19,365 25,158 56,342 116,443 60,101
1Figures for 1937 and 1035 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
! Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1035 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1031 figures for contract work are
pot available except for a tow industries, *“ Revised; revision not carried Into group total, .....

MANUFACTURES BY INDUSTRIE'S 831
N o . 8 3 0 . — M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a r y fo r I n d u st r y G r o u ps a n d I n d u s t r ie s:
1931 t o 1937— Continued
G R O U P O R IN D U S T R Y
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
W A G E S
COST O P
M A TE­
R IA LS,
E T C ., F U E L ,
V A LU E
P U R ­ V A L U E OP A D D E D B Y
CHASED PRO D U C TS M A N U FA C ­
E N E R G Y ,
T U R E 2
A N D CON­
TRACT
W O R K 1
In thousands of dollars
Wonferrous metals, etc.—Con.
Silverware and plated ware........ 1037 1 3 0 1 1 ,3 6 1 1 3 ,7 9 0 22, 0 7 0 5 6 ,7 3 3 3 4 ,0 6 3
1035 1 3 9 1 0 ,1 0 4 1 1 ,0 7 8 1 5 ,2 9 8 4 3 ,3 7 2 2 8 ,0 7 4
1033 1 2 6 9 ,1 7 7 8 ,2 2 9 1 2 ,4 2 5 3 4 ,3 3 3 2 1 ,0 0 7
m i 1 6 3 1 1 ,0 7 7 1 2 ,7 1 3 1 1 ,7 9 2 4 5 ,8 1 5 3 4 ,0 2 2
Tin and other foils, not including 1937 9 1 .0 6 9 2 .3 5 4 1 1 ,1 5 7 1 7 ,7 6 0 6 ,0 0 3
gold foil. 1 9 3 5 i i 1 ,8 3 1 1 ,8 9 9 9 ,2 2 6 1 4 ,5 3 3 5 , 3 0 7
1933 7 1 ,3 3 7 1 ,1 8 9 7 ,6 8 1 1 1 ,3 3 1 3 ,0 5 1
1931 8 1 ,2 1 8 998 7 ,3 8 3 1 2 ,2 2 6 4 ,8 4 3
*Watohoases................................ 1937 2 9 2 ,4 5 1 3 ,1 5 6 4 ,1 8 2 1 0 ,3 5 8 6 ,1 7 6
1036 2 9 2 ,0 1 6 2 ,3 2 0 2 ,7 7 0 0 ,9 8 3 4 ,2 0 6
1033 2 0 1 ,1 6 9 1 ,0 0 6 7 6 0 2 ,0 5 7 1 ,8 9 7
1031 3 1 1 ,6 6 9 1 ,7 0 7 1 ,3 6 1 4 ,2 1 9 2 ,8 5 8
Maohinery, net including trans- 1037 9 , 9 6 1 9 5 5 ,9 7 5 1 ,3 7 5 ,5 0 6 2 ,4 2 4 .4 9 5 5 ,8 9 1 , 599 3 ,4 6 7 ,1 0 5
portation equipment, total. 33 1 935 1 0 ,1 1 4 6 8 7 ,4 0 5 8 0 0 ,0 2 0 1 ,4 0 5 ,7 9 2 3 ,4 9 2 ,7 0 1 2 .0 8 0 ,9 0 9
381933 8 . 4 4 2 4 7 0 ,6 8 0 4 4 4 ,5 0 7 7 2 4 ,2 1 7 1 , 8 8 7 ,8 4 2 1 ,1 6 3 ,6 2 5
33 1931 1 1 ,4 6 8 6 9 5 ,2 9 7 7 9 7 , 510 1 ,2 1 8 ,1 8 7 3 ,4 1 6 ,0 7 8 2 , 1 9 6 ,8 9 2
Agricultural implements (in- 1937 2 6 2 77, 512 121 861 2 8 0 ,5 1 4 5 0 4 ,7 7 8 2 7 8 ,2 6 5
eluding tractors). 1035 2 4 1 5 2 ,8 0 0 6 4 ,3 2 1 1 4 0 ,2 4 9 2 9 1 ,2 6 4 1 5 1 ,0 0 6
3* 1 9 3 3 1 0 4 1 9 ,2 0 4 1 8 ,5 6 2 2 9 ,0 0 0 6 4 ,9 5 1 3 5 ,9 4 5
*31031 2 5 0 2 9 ,2 4 5 3 2 ,2 6 5 0 9 ,7 8 2 1 6 8 ,3 1 8 9 8 ,5 3 6
Cash registers, adding and ealcu- 1937 8 7 2 3 ,6 3 0 3 7 ,4 2 2 2 1 ,2 4 5 1 3 8 ,0 7 1 1 1 6 ,8 2 6
lating machines, and other 1035 9 3 1 8 ,4 6 8 2 3 ,6 9 6 1 3 ,9 1 1 9 4 ,7 3 9 8 0 ,8 2 8
business machines except type- 341933 7 3 1 2 ,4 4 8 1 4 ,9 2 6 7 ,8 4 9 5 0 ,8 3 1 4 2 ,9 8 2
writers. »* 1931 4 1 1 2 ,1 7 0 1 4 ,9 8 2 5 ,2 6 9 5 6 ,4 7 4 5 1 ,2 0 5
Cranes, and dredging, excavating,
and road-building machinery.M
1937 158 1 8 ,8 0 0 2 8 ,1 5 1 6 4 ,1 9 3 1 3 8 ,8 4 8 7 4 ,6 5 6
1035 1 2 8 1 0 ,8 0 8 1 2 ,5 7 2 2 9 ,0 1 0 6 2 ,8 6 0 3 3 ,8 5 0
Electrical maohinery, apparatus, 1937 1 ,4 3 5 2 5 7 ,6 0 0 3 6 5 ,9 5 9 6 4 2 ,8 0 7 1 ,6 2 2 ,0 9 8 9 7 0 ,2 3 2
and supplios. 1 935 1 ,3 9 3 1 7 9 ,6 4 1 1 9 8 ,0 4 6 3 7 2 .0 0 1 0 6 0 ,4 3 0 5 8 8 ,4 3 0
1933 1 ,2 0 9 1 3 0 ,8 5 7 1 1 5 ,7 5 0 2 1 2 ,5 1 4 5 5 3 ,4 3 1 ■ 340,918
1981 3 ,3 7 9 1 8 0 ,1 0 6 2 0 4 .4 8 8 3 3 7 .1 2 5 9 9 5 ,0 1 0 6 5 7 ,8 8 6
Engines, turbines, water wheels
and windmills.
1937 1 3 9 3 2 ,8 5 6 5 0 ,8 3 8 8 6 ,6 0 1 1 9 4 ,6 9 5 1 0 8 ,0 9 4
1936 1 4 9 2 2 ,0 6 2 2 6 ,8 4 5 4 3 ,2 0 6 0 9 ,9 9 6 6 6 ,7 9 0
341033 1 5 3 1 5 ,4 1 1 1 4 ,8 5 3 2 3 ,4 3 6 5 6 ,6 1 9 3 3 ,1 8 3
34 1931 1 7 3 2 2 ,4 1 4 2 6 ,0 7 5 4 4 ,9 7 7 1 0 9 ,9 3 3 6 4 ,9 5 6
Machino-shop products 37-------- 1937 2 , 9 5 7 1 0 9 ,2 4 5 1 5 5 ,3 3 7 2 0 2 ,1 4 2 6 5 2 ,7 5 1 3 9 0 ,6 0 9
1 935 3 . 0 2 6 8 2 ,4 7 4 9 7 ,4 5 4 1 7 4 ,1 8 1 4 1 8 ,0 5 4 2 4 3 ,8 7 0
1 933 2 , 8 9 6 7 0 ,9 4 7 6 6 ,3 9 2 1 0 4 ,7 6 0 2 7 4 ,5 6 8 1 0 9 ,8 0 3
1Figures for 1937 and 1936 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
* Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1936 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few industries.
•• Revised; revision not carried into group total.
® The figures for 1936 and 1933 have been revised by excluding figures for the "Boiler-shop products” and
“ Foundry products (gray-iron and malleable-iron)" industries which have been transferred to “Iron and
steel and their products, except machinery” group. The figures for 1931 have not been revised as there are
no figures available for these industries for 1931.
>*Beginning 1936 figures for tractors excluded from “Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills”
and inohided with “Agricultural implements (including tractors).” The 1933 and 1931 figures for these
industries have been rovised accordingly.
** M anufacturers of duplicating machines, check-writing machines, and manifolding machines, now
classified in this industry, prior to 1935 were assigned to the abandoned industry “Foundry and machineshop
products.” Figures for 1988 have been revised accordingly, hut no revision has been made for 1931,
“ New industry at tho consus for 1936; formerly a part of the abandoned industry classification “Foundry
and machino-shop products.” No figures available for earlier years.
sr No figures available for 1931; included with those for the abandoned industry "Foundry and machineshop
products” for 1931.

8 3 2 MAKUMACTtmEs
N o . 8 8 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s — Su m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 t o 1937-—Continued
g r o u p on i n d u s t r y
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
W A G E S
COST O F
M A T E ­
R IA L S ,
E T C ., F U E L ,
P U R ­ V A L U E O F
C H A SED P R O D U C T S
E N E R G Y ,
A N D CON­
T R A C T
W O R K 1
V A L U E
A D D E D B Y
M A N U FA C ­
T U R E 2
In thousands of dollars
Machinery—Conti mied.
Machinery not elsewhere class!- 1937 2,298 146,712 217,737 375,047 954,151 588,504
fled.» 1035 2,532 107,285 128,895 216,000 506,605 351,598
Machine-tool accessories and 1937 806 32,893 55,957 46,002 162,002 116,000
machinists* precision tools. 1935 731 23,138 34,414 27,413 96,838 69,424
1033 587 12,757 14,169 10,882 44,383 33,501
1931 718 17,533 20,569 15,320 69,033 62,713
Machine tools______________ 1937 292 47,266 78,284 78,116 260,243 182,128
1935 269 28,186 37,261 36,689 121,833 85,143
1933 232 12,714 12,596 10,844 41, 434 30, 589
1931 279 21,262 25,150 21,901 81, 287 59, 386
Printers’ machinery and equip- 1937 230 13, 710 22,378 20,900 78, 028 57, 662
rnont.8* 1935 238 0,884 13,582 13,181 51, 500 . 38, 429
Pumps (hand andpowor), pump- 1937 345 28, 320 39,773 85,061 198, 721 113, 081
ing equipment, and air com- 3« 1935 848 17,523 20,170 41,593 102,298 60,704
pressors. »• 1933 277 12,466 11,771 23,798 65,910 32, 111
1931 324 17,010 19,023 38,906 06, 562 57, 656
Radios, radio tubes, and phono- 1937 162 48, 348 52,002 154,906 277,807 122,902
graphs. 1D35 195 44,796 42,906 103,685 200,973 97.286
.1933 156 32,879 29,655 68,821 121,802 63,281
1931 217 36,490 35,146 88.403 193,143 104,740
Refrigerators and refrigerating 1937 280 50,623 71,371 195,229 363.788 108,559
and ice-making apparatus. 1935 275 37,146 40,443 116,925 224,114 107,189
1033 204 26,398 24,335 69,601 140,762 71,161
1931 227 26,116 32,350 88,562 199,427 110,865
Scales and balances.-,................ 1937 67 3,299 4,116 5,858 17,850 11,908
1035 56 2,468 2,633 3,810 13, 384 9, 568
1933 45 2,187 1,825 2,162 8, 333 0,171
1931 54 2,814 3,233 3,844 14,561 10,917
Sewing-machines and attach- 1937 36 9,019 13, 651 9,003 34,836 25,833
merits. 1935 39 7,509 9,053 6,032 22,635 16,604
1033 30 0,313 6,034 2,862 12,926 10,064
1931 34 8,090 8,762 6,091 20,148 14,057
Textile machinery and parts----- 1937 366 25,340 33,139 35,546 107,429 71,883
1935 349 19,072 21,246 23,269 68,846 45.577
1933 314 18,576 18,737 18,378 00,323 41,945
1931 330 18,808 21,238 18,175 65, 798 .47,623
Typewriters and parts----------- 1937 21 21,440 25,956 13,302 45,006 31,614
1935 20 15,398 16,032 8,680 33, 858 25,228
1933 14 9,591 7,565 3,256 16,465 13,208
1031 20 10,924 10,328 3,785 22,067 18,271
>Figures for 1B37 and 1935 include cost ol contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted,
i Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1936 by subtracting cost ol materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work arc
not available except for a fow industries.
» New industry at the census for 1935; formerly a part of the abandoned industry classification
“Foundry and machine-shop products.” No figures available for earlier years.
» New industry at the census for 1935; formerly a part of the abandoned industry classification “Foundry
and maohine-shop products.” The figures for 1935 have been revised to exclude data for air compressors,
now a part of “Pumps, pumping equipment, and air compressors." No figures available for earlier years.
»« Figures revised to include data for air compressors, classified in “M acbmery not elsewhere classified”
at the census for 1935 and in the abandoned industry “Foundry and maohihe-shop products” in previous
years.

MANUFACTURES: BY INDUSTRIES 833
No. 8 8 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s— S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s:
1931 to 1937— C ontinued
G R O U P O R I N D U S T R Y
Cens
u s
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
lor the
year)
W A G E S
C O S T O P
M A T E ­
R IA L S ,
E T C ., F U E L ,
P U R ­
V A LU E
V A L U E O F A D D ED BY
C H A S E D
E N E R G Y ,
A N D C O N ­
T R A C T
W O R U l
PR O D U C T S m a n u f a c ­
t u r e 3
In thousands of dollars
Machinery— C ontinued.
Washing machines, wringers, 1 9 3 7 4 0 9 , 3 0 2 1 1 , 6 7 5 4 1 , 2 0 8 0 9 , 8 8 0 2 8 , 6 8 0
driers, and ironing machines. 1 9 3 5 4 1 8 , 7 4 2 9 , 8 5 2 3 7 , 0 4 1 6 2 , 4 2 5 2 5 , 3 8 4
for household use. 1 9 3 3 4 1 6 , 9 5 6 6 , 3 6 3 2 4 , 3 0 1 4 4 , 5 4 2 2 0 , 1 8 1
1 9 3 1 5 9 6 , 2 0 1 7 , 2 1 2 2 4 , 5 2 1 5 0 , 9 2 9 2 6 , 4 0 8
Foundry and machine-shop 1 9 3 3 2 , 0 1 8 8 0 , 8 1 3 8 1 , 0 4 5 1 2 1 , 9 8 7 3 4 0 , 5 0 4 2 1 8 , 5 7 7
products, not elsewhere classi- 1 9 3 1 7 , 3 0 3 2 8 6 , 1 0 8 3 3 0 , 6 6 9 4 5 0 , 7 2 6 1 , 2 7 2 , 3 0 9 8 2 1 , 6 7 3
fled.40
Transportation equipment, air, 1 9 3 7 1 , 9 4 2 6 2 3 , 8 4 6 9 6 7 , 2 3 1 4 , 0 9 9 . 7 5 6 5 , 9 8 5 , 8 8 0 1 , 8 8 6 , 1 3 4
land, and water, total. il 1 9 3 6 1 , 8 1 3 4 7 5 , 9 7 1 6 5 1 , 9 5 4 2 , 0 8 3 , 0 6 5 4 , 2 9 0 , 1 1 7 1 , 3 0 7 , 0 5 3
1 9 3 3 1 , 5 0 5 3 0 3 , 1 0 2 3 1 6 , 4 3 8 1 , 2 8 6 , 6 1 9 2 . 0 4 7 , 2 1 0 7 6 0 , 5 9 2
1 9 3 1 1 , 9 0 9 3 6 9 , 6 0 0 4 6 4 , 1 3 0 1 , 7 2 9 , 8 3 7 2 , 8 8 1 , 8 6 6 1 , 1 5 2 , 0 1 0
Aircraft and parts----- ----------- 1 9 3 7 9 2 2 4 , 0 0 3 3 3 , 3 5 3 3 8 , 8 0 5 1 0 6 , 5 6 8 6 7 , 7 6 3
1 9 3 5 7 9 1 1 , 3 8 4 1 4 , 8 9 3 1 4 , 3 6 1 4 6 , 3 4 7 3 0 , 9 8 6
1 9 3 3 6 4 7 , 8 1 0 1 0 , 3 0 8 7 , 9 6 7 2 6 , 4 6 0 1 8 , 5 0 3
1 9 3 1 1 0 1 9 , 8 7 0 1 5 , 4 8 1 1 3 , 1 0 1 4 0 , 2 7 8 2 7 , 1 7 7
Carriages, wagons, sleighs, and 1 9 3 7 4 3 1 , 8 2 3 1 , 7 2 3 4 , 6 3 3 9 , 1 3 8 4 , 5 0 5
sleds. 1 9 3 5 4 5 1 , 5 0 2 1 , 2 8 4 3 , 6 8 3 6 , 8 4 5 3 , 1 6 2
1 , 4 0 9 9 2 2 2 , 3 5 0 4 , 7 6 3 1 9 3 3
« 19S1
5 3
70 1 ,S M 1 ,1 0 9 2>494 6 ,1 6 0
2 , 4 0 2
i , w 6
1 9 3 1 7 5 1 , 4 3 1 1 , 3 8 9 2 , 0 1 8
6 , 1 7 9 3 , 2 6 1
Cars, electric and steam railroad, 1 9 3 7 1 5 4 4 0 , 4 6 6 5 9 , 2 7 6 2 2 6 , 5 0 5 3 3 5 , 3 2 2 1 0 8 , 8 1 7
not built in railroad repair 1 9 3 5 1 5 0 2 1 , 4 8 1 2 5 , 7 5 0 6 1 , 7 3 2 1 0 0 , 5 4 2 3 8 , 8 1 0
shops. 1 9 3 3 1 3 8 1 4 , 2 6 6 1 4 , 7 1 0 2 7 , 3 1 1 4 6 , 1 4 8 1 8 , 8 3 7
1 9 3 1 1 5 2 1 8 , 7 8 6 2 5 , 5 5 3 5 9 , 7 6 4 9 9 , 6 5 7 3 9 , 0 0 3
Locomotives, railroad, mining, 1 9 3 7 1 3 9 , 0 0 0 1 4 , 8 4 5 3 9 , 2 6 6 7 2 . 1 2 3 3 2 , 8 5 7
and industrial, not built in 1 9 3 5 1 4 3 , 7 9 0 3 , 9 7 2 9 , 4 9 3 1 7 , 3 8 3 7 , 8 9 0
railroad repair shops. 1 9 3 3 1 3 2 , 3 7 4 1 , 8 6 3 4 , 2 6 6 6 , 9 2 7 2 , 6 6 1
1 9 3 1 1 6 5 , 4 4 3 5 , 6 9 0 1 4 , 8 7 1 2 2 , 1 1 9 7 , 2 4 8
Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts. 1 9 3 7 2 9 6 , 9 3 8 8 , 2 0 7 1 0 , 7 9 3 3 6 , 0 4 4 1 6 , 2 5 1
1 9 3 5 2 3 5 , 0 9 3 5 , 2 1 4 1 2 . 8 1 3 2 3 , 0 8 6 1 0 , 2 7 3
1 9 3 3 1 9 3 , 0 3 8 2 , 6 3 9 6 , 1 6 2
1 2 , 0 5 6
5 , 8 0 4
1 9 3 1 1 9 3 , 2 9 4 3 , 5 6 3 5 , 5 2 0 1 3 , 6 9 7 8 , 1 7 7
Motor-vehicle bodies and motor- 1 9 3 7 0 3 6 2 8 4 , 8 1 4 4 3 9 , 9 4 0 1 , 2 7 5 , 0 7 3 2 , 0 8 0 , 0 1 8 8 0 4 , 9 4 5
vehicle parts. 1 9 3 6 8 2 5 2 4 0 , 7 6 7 3 2 8 , 3 7 5 1 , 0 0 5 , 0 5 9 1 , 5 5 0 , 9 2 4 5 4 5 , 8 6 6
1 9 3 3 7 0 1 1 4 5 , 7 4 5 1 4 8 , 3 2 2 Jo 4 3 7 , 1 8 6 20 7 5 6 , 0 3 4 » 3 1 8 , 8 4 8
1 9 3 1 9 4 0 1 5 0 , 6 4 9 1 9 3 , 7 7 0 5 1 6 , 9 4 5 9 4 6 , 4 0 7 4 2 8 , 4 6 1
Motor vehicles, not including 1 9 3 7 1 3 1 1 9 4 , 5 2 7 3 1 6 , 1 4 1 2 , 3 9 4 , 2 0 9 3 . 0 9 6 . 2 1 9 7 0 1 , 9 4 9
motorcycles. 1 9 3 5 1 2 1 1 4 7 , 0 4 4 2 1 7 , 0 3 9 1 , 8 1 4 , 8 1 4 2 , 3 9 1 , 0 9 0 5 7 6 , 2 7 6
1 9 3 3 1 2 2 9 7 , 8 6 9 1 0 3 , 7 8 5 7 6 7 , 7 6 8 1 , 0 9 6 , 9 4 6 3 2 9 , 1 7 8
1 9 3 1 1 7 8 1 3 4 , 8 6 6 1 6 6 , 7 5 6 1 , 0 4 4 , 4 0 6 1 , 5 6 7 , 5 2 6 5 2 3 , 1 2 0
Shin and boat building, steel and 1 9 3 7 5 1 4 6 2 , 2 7 4 0 3 , 7 4 7 1 0 1 , 4 1 1 2 5 0 , 4 6 7 1 4 9 , 0 4 6
wooden, including repair work. 1 9 3 6 5 5 6 4 4 , 8 3 0 5 5 . 4 2 2 6 1 , 1 0 9 1 5 4 , 9 0 0 9 3 , 7 9 0
1 9 3 3 3 9 5 3 0 , 8 8 5 3 3 , 8 9 0 3 1 , 1 7 2 9 2 , 6 9 6 6 1 , 5 2 4
1 0 3 1 5 1 8 4 5 , 2 6 2 6 2 , 0 2 8 7 2 , 3 2 2 1 8 6 , 0 0 3 1 1 4 ,0 7 1
1Figures for 1037 and 1935 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
1Value added by manufacture calculated for 1037 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1033 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few industries,
10 Revised; revision not carried into group total.
“ This industry abandoned as a separate classification at the census lor 1935; divided into 6 industries.
The 1933 and 1031 figures were not in all cases assigned to the industry classifications.
*

8 3 4 MANTimCTUKES
N o. 8 8 0 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s— Su m m a r y fo r In d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 to 1937— Continued
G R O U P O R IN D U S T R Y
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
W A G E S
COST O F
M A T E ­
R IA L S ,
E T C ., F U E L ,
P U R ­ V A L U E O F
C H A SED P R O D U C T S
E N E R G Y ,
A N D CON­
TRACT
W O R K *
V A L U E
A D D E D B Y
M A N U FA C ­
T U R E *
In thousands of dollars
Miscellaneous industries, total__ 1037 10, 077 355,164 366,083 1. 633. 610 2, 712, 042 1,078,432
« 1D3S 11,211 310,140 284,628 1,344,995 2,227,258 882,263
« 1933 8,60S 262,583 205,842 1,005,854 1,688,621 682,766
« 1931 11,781 302,672 305,025 1,285,776 2,322,890 1,037,113
Musical instruments (total.. 1937 187 11,071 14,089 17.161 43.265 26.104
1935 102 8,805 8,738 10,188 26,633 16,446
1933 170 6,106 5,097 5,424 15.715 10,292
1931 230 10,003 11,152 10,762 32,207 21,445
Organs___________________ 1937 31 1,086 1,235 1,474 4,637 3.163
1935 28 614 611 502 1,699 1,107
1933 29 574 510 387 1,627 1,240
1931 42 1,460 1,763 1,627 5,710 4 ,0 8 3
Pianos___________________ 1937 38 5,608 7,062 9,707 21.703 11,936
1935 36 4,110 4,089 5.606 12,688 7,082
1933 36 2,700 2,382 2,828 7,243 4,415
1931 50 4,737 5,157 5,892 15,293 9,401
Piano and organ parts and 1937 32 1,778 1,716 2,114 4,978 2,864
materials. 1935 34 1,217 1,029 1,224 3,186 1,962
1933 33 768 527 584 1,732 1,148
1931 50 1,213 1,178 1,006 3,090 2,086
Musical instruments and parts 1937 83 3,400 4,075 3,806 11,948 8,141
and materials, not elsewhere 1935 94 2,864 3,010 2,765 9,060 6,295
classified. 1933 72 2,064 1.678 1,624 5,114 3,490
1931 8 8 2,593 3,053 2,238 8,114 5,875
Tobaocc manufactures,total. 1937 852 92,158 70,291 “ 947,628 1,272,688 325,069
1935 890 90,543 59,448 “ 809,025 1.093.400 284,375
1933 804 87,325 50,933 “ 659,095 909,082 249,987
1031 1,228 99,769 69,411 44 786,502 1,155,851 370,349
Cigarettes----- -------------------- 1937 34 26,149 24,182 44 771.522 968,927 197,405
1935 20 24,447 18.315 « 641,313 800,090 165,377
1933 27 22,544 13,835 4* 603.560 637.776 134,216
1931 40 20,146 14,664 “ 555,040 759,389 204,340
Cigars..........—......................... 1937 693 55,879 37.522 « 87,341 100,237 81,895
1935 746 56,019 33,503 44 77,814 151,265 73,451
1933 605 54,558 30.061 « 72,589 139,372 66,783
1931 1,063 68; 182 46,074 44 119,295 227,349 108,054
Tobacco (chewing and smok- 1937 125 10,130 8,587 44 88,766 134,524 45,759
Ing) and snuff. 1935 116 10,077 7,629 « 89,898 135,445 45,547
1933 112 10,223 7,037 44 82,940 131,936 48,988
1031 125 11,441 8,073 44 111, 158 169,113 57,955
Other industries, total....... 1937 9,038 251,036 281,703 668,820 1, 306, 089 727, 269
« 1935 10.129 210,792 216,442 525,782 1.107,224 581. 442
« 1933 7,721 ICO, 164 149,812 341,336 763,823 422, 487
« 1031 10,323 102,000 20 225, 278 489,512 1, 134,832 645,320
Artificial and preserved flowers
and plants.
1937
1935
1933
1031
180
100
131
158
5,657
3,206
2,338
2, 348
3,803
2, 609
1, 667
2,140
6,175
3,383
2,481
3,415
14,378
S, 994
6,445
9,035
8,202
5,611
3, 964
5,620
1Figures for 1037 and 1033 include cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not, except as noted,
i Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1938 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1033 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few industries.
>• Revised; revision not carried into group total.
u Revised to Include data for “Carriages and sleds, children’s” industry. Until the census for 1937
this industry was included in "Transportation equipment, air, land, and water” group.
u Amount of internal-revenue tax paid by tobacco, cigar, and cigarette manufacturers inoluded to avoid
inflating “Value added by manufacture.”

MANUFACTURES BY INDUSTRIES 835
N o. 8 3 0 .— M anufactures— Summary for I ndustry Groups and I n d ustries:
1931 to 1937— Continued
G R O U P O R IN D U S T R Y
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
WAGES
C O ST O P
M A T E ­
R IA L S ,
E T C ., F U E L ,
P U R ­ T A L U S O P
C H A S E D P R O D U C T S
E N E R G Y ,
A N D C O N ­
T R A C T
W O R K I
V A L U E
A D D E D BY
M A N U F A C ­
T U R E *
In thousands of dollars
Miscellaneous industries—Con.
Artists’ materials....................... 1037 40 372 403 1, 282 2,783 1,501
1935 47 350 330 1,229 2,431 1,202
1033 38 205 250 989 2,137 1,148
1931 46 328 368 1, 211 2,644 1,333
Beauty-shop equipment, except 1937 73 2,648 2,480 6,334 13,571 8,238
furniture.48 1036 82 % 170 1,968 5,059 12,525 7,468
Brooms--------------------------- 1037 289 4.057 2,906 6,301 11,828 5,327
1035 348 4* 158 3,072 7, 515 14,338 6,824
1033 260 3.767 2. Ill 4,601 9,073 4,472
1031 334 4,086 3,326 6,264 13,135 8,871
Brushes, other than rubber____ 1937 243 7,915 7,250 24,110 44.537 20.420
1035 250 6,818 6,007 18,857 42,091 23,234
1933 221 5,809 4,821 12, 200 24,576 12,370
1031 264 5,801 5,902 14, 2 28 30,827 1 6 ,8 0 0
Buttons........ -.......................... 1037 291 12,020 9,250 13,678 31.291 17,713
1035 207 10,288 8,161 11,275 28.031 16,750
1033 200 9, 888 0,700 8,014 22,412 13,798
1931 212 8,224 6, 601 8,303 21,525 13, 221
Carbon paper and inked ribbons. 1037 50 1,627 1,991 9,178 17, 800 8, 681
1935 65 1,425 1, 020 7, 502 14,006 7,193
1933 47 1,171 1, 243 6,157 11,225 6,069
1081 64 1,108 1,403 0,034 13,476 7,442
Carriages and sleds, children's-.. 1037 54 5,218 5, 415 9,900 19, 655 9,696
1035 55 4,918 4, 360 7,432 15.511 8,080
1033 46 3,971 2,877 6,071 10,085 6,314
1031 59 4,159 4,470 7,001 16,769 9,070
Dentists’ equipment and sup- 1037 101 4,674 6,347 ’ 12,717 30,870 18,162
plies. 1035 87 3,510 3, 031 0,145 22,968 13, 823
1033 79 3,120 2, 452 0,045 16.437 9,492
1031 84 3, 874 3,949 9,362 24,005 14, 643
Feathers, plumes, and manufactures
thereof.
1037 01 559 437 1,103 2,320 1,126
1035 73 573 423 012 1,646 1,034
1033 40, 322 265 227 835 60S
1031 63 527 650 688 1,808 1,310
Foundry supplies...................... 1037 51 466 692 4,739 8,626 3, 886
1035 46 400 446 3,440 0, 519 3, 074
1983 40 334 315 1,326 2,788 1,402
1031 52 428 402 2,080 3,008 1,918
Fur goods—regular factories48__ 1937 1,590 12, 798 21, 360 106, 206 154,971 48,765
Fur goods—contract faotorles 1937 52 154 101 138 634 495
Fur goods u ............................... 1936 2,438 12, 510 21, 040 90, 092 143,784 52,793
1033 1, 403 8, 210 11, 500 60, 001 80, 524 30, 464
1031 2,354 12, 358 24, 703 102,634 164,749 02,115
1 Figures for 1937 and 1935 inoludo cost of contract work; those for 1933 and 1031 do not, oxcept as noted.
1 Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1035 by subtracting cost of materials, eto., fuel,
purchased energy, and oontraot work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few Industries.
m Revised; revision not carried into group total.
« New classification at the census for 1935; no comparable figures available for earlier years.
“ At the census for 1937 the industry “Fur goods” was separated into tfro Industries, “Fur goodB—
regular factories” and "Fur goods—contract factories." Beoaiise of the fact that some establishments
lose their identity during a 2-year period through change of name, ownership, and location, and, therefore,
may be missed by a canvass made largely by mall, the 1037 figures for this Industry are not complete and
are not comparable with the figures for the “Fur goods” industry for prior years.

8 3 6 m a n u fa c t u r e s
N o . 830.— M a n u fa c t u r e s— S u m m a r y f o r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s :
1931 to 1937— -Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
(or the
year)
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
R IA L ,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE 8
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK !
In thousands of dollars
Miscellaneous industries—Con.
Furs, dressed and dyed............. 1037 121 6,343 8, 336 6.449 21, 703 16, 314
1036 107 6,434 7,661 7,007 21, 340 14,333
1933 181 6,364 0,246 9, 540 24, 048 15,408
1931 243 6,160 7,908 16,221 37,873 21,052
Hair work............................... 1937 35 434 374 942 2,440 1, 507
1936 43 602 438 1,064 2, 738 1,074
1933 37 228 188 306 080 679
1031 52 267 288 311 1,184 874
Hand stamps and stencils and 1937 206 2,375 2,929 3,047 10, 886 7,339
brands. 1936 277 2,255 2. 532 2,760 9, 338 6,688
1933 266 2,196 2,002 1,855 7,637 5, 782
1931 288 2,496 3,371 2,395 10,046 7,651
Instruments and apparatus, pro- 1037 283 17,309 23,643 20,684 90, 013 66, 320
fessional, scientific, eommer- 1936 283 15.216 17, 573 20, 714 08, 344 47, 030
dal, and industrial.^ 1033 241 8,894 9,183 9, 586 35, 015 26, 328
1031 302 13,341 15,912 16,063 69,447 43,495
Jewelry and instrument cases__ 1037 61 4,788 3,692 4,860 12, 202 7,343
* 1035 74 2,620 2,252 2,002 7,160 4, 553
1933 02 1,096 841 1,134 3,096 1,901
1931 92 1,398 1,416 1,941 4,919 2,078
Lapidary work_____ _______ 1937 51 217 306 3,343 4,391 1,048
1936 60 153 201 1,244 2,050 806
1933 34 107 124 483 823 340
1031 53 206 340 1,378 2,475 1,097
Mattresses and bed springs not 1937 839 19,165 19,811 63,190 113,120 49.929
elsewhere classified. 1935 824 15,404 14,068 48,949 84,811 35,862
1933 646 13,280 10,694 32,491 59,724 27, 233
1931 781 13,022 14,702 37,509 77,508 39,009
Miscellaneous articles not else- 1937 595 16,864 12,905 24,156 54,404 30, 248
where classified. «1935 666 14,452 12,025 21,492 60,353 28,801
1933 574 13,435 0,894 16,644 41,811 25,167
131931 732 14,545 13,690 23,217 57,050 33,833
Models and patterns, not includ- 1937 594 5,728 9,762 4,142 .22,289 18,147
Ing paper patterns. 1935 582 4,104 6,128 3,244 15,297 12,053
1933 422 2,796 3,525 1,483 8,627 7,145
1931 649 4,332 7,378 2,787 16,192 13,405
Optical goods.......................... 1937 96 11,998 14,465 14,432 47,461 33,029
1936 100 9,007 10,333 11,114 33,600 22,486
1933 103 7,598 7,300 8,155 28,214 18,059
1931 102 7,446 8,766 7,524 27,887 20,304
Paving materials: Blocks (except 1937 148 1,946 2,419 14,605 25, 280 10, 083
brick and stone) and mixtures. 1935 132 2,231 2,614 9,984 17,885 7, 001
1933 93 i, m 1,215 6,287 10, 950 4,003
1931 97 1,081 1, 666 8, 687 16, 003 7,416
1Figures for 1037 and 1036 Include cost of contract work; those for 1033 and 1931 do not, except as noted.
I Value added hy manufacture calculated for 1037 and 1036 by subtracting cost of materials, eto., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1033 and 1031 figures for contract work are
not available except for a few industries.
*Eevlsed; revision not carried Into subgroup or group total.
” Manufacturers of gas and water meters, prior to 1036, assigned to "Meters (gas, water, eto.) and gas
generators” Industry in "Machinery, except transportation equipment” group, are now classified In this
industry. The figures for years prior to 1036 have been revised accordingly, but the revision has not been
carried into the total for the group and subgroup.
II Eevlsed to include figures for “Combs and hairpins not made of metal or of rubber” industry, abandoned
as a separate classification.

MANUFACTURES' BY INDUSTRIES 837
No. 830.— 'M a n u fa c tu r e s — Sum m ary f o r I n d u s tr y G rou p s a n d I n d u s tr ie s :
1931 t o 1937— Continued
G R O U P O R IN D U STRY
Consus
year
Numborof
establishments
Wage
earners
(avorogo
for the
year)
W AGES
c o s t or
M A TE­
RIALS,
ETC., F U E L ,
VALUE
P U R ­ V A L U E OF ADDED BY
CHASED
E N E R G Y ,
AND CON­
TRACT
W O R K *
PRODUCTS M ANUFAC­
T U R E 3
In thousands of dollars
Miscellaneous industries—Con.
Pencils, load (Including mechanical),
and crayons.
1037 4 6 5 ,7 7 6 5 ,2 1 6 9 ,8 6 6 2 2 ,4 3 0 1 2 ,5 6 4
1035 4 7 5 ,1 8 2 4 ,2 3 6 8 ,2 6 5 1 9 ,9 9 9 1 1 ,7 4 4
1033 4 3 4 ,0 4 8 3 ,1 6 7 5 ,1 3 4 1 4 ,3 9 4 0 ,2 6 0
1031 4 6 3 ,9 6 9 3 ,7 0 0 6 ,1 2 8 1 7 ,2 3 7 1 1 ,1 0 9
Pons, fountain and stylographic; 1087 4 2 4 ,3 4 3 4 ,3 5 2 7 ,3 8 6 2 1 ,8 2 8 1 4 ,4 4 3
pen points, gold, steel, and 1 935 5 1 3 ,7 8 0 3 ,4 2 8 6 ,7 0 6 1 7 ,8 8 8 1 2 ,0 9 1
brass. 1033 5 4 3 ,0 9 9 2 ,3 4 1 4 ,1 2 4 1 1 ,5 9 8 7 ,4 7 3
1031 6 8 3 ,0 4 5 4 ,3 6 4 7 ,2 1 9 2 3 ,7 9 9 1 6 ,5 7 9
Photographic apparatus and ma- 1937 1 0 9 1 8 ,4 5 0 2 8 ,8 7 6 3 6 ,6 6 3 1 1 6 ,8 8 8 7 9 .2 3 5
torials and projection appara- 1035 1 1 8 1 2 ,0 0 0 1 5 ,8 0 7 2 6 ,1 5 0 7 3 .9 6 0 4 7 ,8 1 7
U lS . 1033 8 4 8 .9 7 5 1 0 ,1 5 6 1 1 ,9 8 5 5 3 .8 6 0 4 1 .8 7 5
1931 1 1 0 1 0 ,0 0 9 1 3 ,0 8 2 2 0 ,8 6 8 7 0 ,6 0 7 5 8 ,6 3 0
Pipes (tobacco)........................ 1037 2 5 2 ,3 8 2 2 ,4 1 3 2 ,5 2 3 7 ,0 4 7 5 ,1 2 4
1935 2 9 2 ,2 4 0 2 ,2 8 3 2 ,0 1 0 6 ,1 7 6 4 ,1 5 8
1933 2 2 1 ,3 0 2 1 ,1 4 5 9 6 0 3 ,2 7 4 2 ,3 1 4
1031 2 4 1 ,6 7 7 1 ,7 6 1 1 ,7 7 6 5 ,5 2 2 3 ,7 4 7
Roofing, built-up and roll; as- 1937 111 7 ,4 1 8 9 ,5 2 0 0 2 ,6 4 4 1 0 2 ,5 6 2 3 9 ,0 1 7
phalt shingles; tool coatings 1035 1 0 8 6 ,4 7 8 6 ,6 8 6 4 4 ,3 2 5 7 0 ,1 7 3 3 1 ,8 4 7
other than paint. 1033 7 4 4 ,4 1 8 4 ,4 3 5 2 3 ,8 0 3 4 4 ,8 3 3 2 0 ,0 4 0
1031 8 3 4 ,1 2 3 5 ,3 3 1 3 2 ,7 0 6 6 8 ,0 6 3 2 6 ,2 5 7
Signs and advertising novelties.. 1037 1 ,0 0 1 1 6 ,0 4 2 1 9 ,1 8 1 2 7 ,7 5 4 7 5 ,7 2 3 4 7 ,9 0 9
1935 1 ,0 7 5 1 3 ,7 1 2 1 4 ,0 3 2 2 1 ,9 2 0 6 1 ,3 6 2 3 9 ,4 4 2
1033 8 4 8 1 2 ,0 4 4 1 1 ,5 7 7 1 5 ,3 1 2 4 7 ,1 4 4 3 1 ,8 3 2
1931 1 ,0 7 8 1 4 ,4 6 3 1 8 ,4 8 5 2 1 ,2 9 7 7 4 ,6 8 1 6 3 ,3 8 4
Soda fountains and related prod- 1937 5 1 1 ,6 6 5 2 ,5 4 9 6 ,2 6 3 1 3 ,0 3 3 6 ,7 7 0
ucte. 1035 4 8 1 ,0 9 0 1 ,4 3 6 4 ,1 7 1 8 ,2 1 4 4 ,0 4 3
1933 4 0 8 1 6 048 2 ,6 4 9 6 ,0 3 5 3 ,3 8 0
1931 4 7 1 ,5 6 3 2 ,1 9 0 5 ,2 3 6 1 4 ,6 0 6 9 .3 7 0
Sporting and athletic goods, not 1937 2 0 4 1 1 ,3 9 2 1 1 ,7 3 0 2 1 ,8 6 7 4 4 ,4 6 1 2 2 ,6 0 3
including firearms or ammuni- 1935 1 9 6 9 ,6 6 6 0 ,0 1 8 1 6 ,7 2 0 3 4 ,8 6 4 1 8 ,1 4 3
tion. 1933 1 7 6 8 ,2 1 6 6 ,5 2 3 1 0 ,6 7 0 2 5 ,2 6 7 1 4 ,6 9 8
1031 2 1 7 1 0 ,1 7 6 1 1 ,2 1 9 2 0 ,0 9 0 4 0 ,2 6 7 2 9 ,1 5 9
Stationery goods not elsewhere 1933 86 8 ,4 6 7 2 ,7 3 8 6 ,8 2 8 1 4 ,2 4 1 7 ,4 2 3
classified.49 ‘ 1031 128 5 ,0 8 8 5 ,3 4 5 12,211 2 7 ,1 0 8 1 4 ,9 8 5
Steam and other packing, pipe 1937 1 2 5 5 ,9 3 4 6 ,9 3 0 1 5 ,0 4 8 3 2 ,6 5 4 17, 506
and boiler covering, and gas- s° 1935 1 2 4 4 ,7 7 4 4 ,7 4 2 1 1 ,7 6 8 2 4 ,2 5 8 1 2 ,4 9 1
kets, n o t elsewhere classified. 501933 1 1 8 4 ,2 8 6 8 ,7 8 5 8 ,7 2 8 1 9 ,3 9 0 ID, 661
*° 1931 1 3 1 4 ,1 2 0 4 ,5 4 5 1 0 ,2 5 3 2 2 ,0 4 7 ■ 1 2 ,3 9 4
Surgical and orthopedio appll- 1937 3 2 3 8 ,4 2 3 8 ,5 4 6 4 5 ,0 3 1 7 7 ,0 6 8 3 2 ,0 3 7
ances and related produots. 1035 3 0 7 7 ,0 8 9 6 ,2 8 8 3 6 ,1 4 4 6 1 ,7 6 4 2 5 ,6 2 0
1983 2 5 0 6 ,9 5 8 6 ,1 1 9 2 8 .8 4 6 5 1 ,4 4 2 2 2 ,5 9 6
1931 3 2 5 6 ,7 4 0 7 ,2 7 1 2 2 ,9 5 4 5 1 ,0 1 2 2 8 ,0 5 8
Theatrical scenery and stage 1937 5 0 397 489 1 ,1 8 9 2 ,6 7 8 1 ,4 8 9
equipment. 1935 4 8 279 437 751 1 ,9 3 7 1 ,1 8 6
1933 4 0 312 397 617 2 ,0 4 4 1 ,4 2 7
1931 4 6 365 649 1 ,2 1 8 3 ,0 0 3 1 ,7 8 4
1Figures for 1037 and 1035 include cost of contract work: those for 1933 and 1931 do not, oxcept as noted.
2 Value added by manufacture calculated for 1937 and 1935 by subtracting cost of materials, etc., fuel,
purchased energy, and contract work from value of products; for 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work
are not available except for a few industries.
1 Bevised; revision not carried into subgroup or group total.
« Abandoned as a separate classification in 1935, now assigned to other industries.
so Bevised to exclude data for establishments manufacturing mineral wool as a primary product, such
establishments having been transferred to "'Wallboard and plaster (oxcept gypsum), building insulation,
and floor c o m p o s itio n ” industry in “Stone, clay, and glass products" group. Eevision not carried into
total for group or subgroup.

8 3 8 MANUFACTURES
N o. 8 3 0 .' M a n u f a c t u r e s— S u m m a r y fo r I n d u s t r y G r o u p s a n d I n d u s t r ie s -
1931 t o 1937—Continued
GROUP OR INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earnors
(average
for. the
year)
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC., FUEL,
VALUE
PUR­ VALUE OF ADDED BY
CHASED PRODUCTS MANUFAC­
ENERGY,
TURE*
AND CON­
TRACT
W ORK1
In thousands of dollars
M is c e lla n e o u s in d u s tr ie s—Con.
Toys (D ot in c lu d in g c h ild r e n ’s 1937 34.1 17,547 16,020 28,812 63,856
wheel goods or sleds), games, 1935 384 16,375 12,129 23) 935 52) 156 2R, 2CK*
and playground equipment. 1933 285 12,484 8,877 17,119 37,222 20) 103
1931 380 13,231 12,380 21,515 58,601 32)086
Umbrellas, parasols, and canes.— 1937 81 3,088 2,572 8,042 13,237 6,196
1935 83 2,186 1,712 6,159 10,086 3)927
1933 80 2,165 1,531 4,972 8,259 3,287
1931 93 1,852 1,611 5,136 9,115 3,979
Window shades (textile and 1937 301 3,160 3,173 13,294 23,674 10, 280
paper), and fixtures. 1935 319 2,999 2,710 12,223 20)324 8,101
1933 312 2,903 2,204 9,115 16,170 7)055
1931 448 3,119 3,313 11,108 20,562 9)364
Wool nulling 1937 19 794 1,064 12,695 10,661 3,956
1935 17 866 975 9,005 12,403 3,338
1933 16 678 670 7.087 10,226 3,138
1931 U 640 915 5,359 7,378 2,019
5vfin^S/T i9i7 ond lfl?Bi.nolud6.co?t of contract work; those for 1933 and 1931 do not; except as noted.
ra rIl^^ri 0dnd, r lhyt.^ ?llffct'lVrc ca,,cl}l“tBd “nd ^ by subtracting cost of materials, eta, fuel,
wP’ and contract work from value of products; tor 1933 and 1931 figures for contract work
are not available except for a few industries.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau a t the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.

MANUFACTURES BY STATES 839
No. 8 3 1 .— M a n u fa ctu res— Summary, by S ta te s : 1935 and 1937
[Sea general note, p. 802]
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Salarid
officers
and employees!
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year) i
W A G E S
C O ST OF
M A T E ­
R IA L S ,
E T C ., F U E L ,
V A L U E
P U R - V A L U E A D D ED BY
C H A S E D O F P R O D - M ANUFAC-
E N E R G Y , U C T S ! T U B E 1
A N D CON­
T R A C T
W O R K 2
In thousands of dollars
United States.. 1937
1935
1,217,171 8, 569, 231 2,716,86610,112,883 35, 539,333 GO, 712,872 25,173.531
1,058, 501
n OKO J n
7,203, 794 2, 253, 425
C o il onn no i n -.!«• . . Ann ’ ___
7, 311, 329 26, 441,145 44, 993,699 IS, 552| 55!
G e o g r a p h i c D t v s .
New England.......... 1937 15,568 131,740 1, 022, 350
1935 15,130 120,121 902, 058
Middle Atlantic. . . 1937 49,807 378, 730 2, 380, 743
1935 53,920 337, 7482, 060, 784
East North Central.. 1937 36, 773 380,686 2, 671,131
1935 36,907 319, 111 2, 082,293
West North Central. 1937 13,83d 76, 55f 406,176
1935 13,892 70,185 345,762
South Atlantic........ 1037 15,751 84,02G 901,8 2 5
1935 16, 219 71, G8C 856,446
East South Central.. 1937 6, 681 34, J.9? 370, 412
1935 6,382 30, i35 303,055
West South Central- 1937 8,582 41,492 272,389
1935 8,176 34, 73] 214, 213
Mountain............... 1937 3,685 13, 78' 78,774
1935 3, 392 12,25' 01,997
Pacific..................... 1937 16,025 75,05c 409,4 3 1
1935 14,895 62, 516 369,690
New England:
Maine.................. 1937 1,171 6,432 75, 464
1935 1,180 6,007 68, 603
New Hampshire— 1937 794 4,81t 56, 517
1935 775 4,68? 53.833
Vermont.............. 1937 68S 2,871 23,682
1935 BGC 2,49? 18,870
Massachusetts...... 1937 8, GIG 68,20' 496,036
1935 8, 266 62, 677 437,459
Rhode Island........ 1937 1, 409 12,38' 108, 031
1935 1, 420 11,132 100, 852
Connecticut........ 1937 2,892 37,031 262,620
1935 2,82C 33,067 223,041
Middle Atlantic:
New York............ 1937 29, 749 188,616 995,658
1935 33, 56G 173,46C 878,592
New Jersey....__ 1937 7,064 67,490 436, 745
1935 7,425 59, 037 373, 522
Pennsylvania___ 1937 13,084 122, 61? 954,340
1035 12,92C 105, 25] 814, 670
E, North Central:
Ohio.................... 1937 0,1 3 8 104,016 694, 205
1935 9,142 88,59? 579, 522
Indiana................ 1937 3,93f 43,681 313, 342
1935 3,917 37,086 248,196
Illinois.................. 1937 11,70' 118,250 668, 841
1935 12,01? 99,21' 525, 045
Michigan_______ 1937 5, 614 76,219 660, 670
1935 5,54' 60,246 531, 658
Wisconsin............ 1937 6,31? 38, 01' 234, 067
1935 6,286 33,975 190, 972
W, North Central:
Minnesota______ 1937 3,718 17,424 89,925
1935 3,70] 16,75] 78, 241
Iowa................... 1937 2,45' 13,886 67, 878
1936 2,457 12,277 GO, 641
Missouri.............. 1937 4,29] 20,84! 186, 831
1935 4,371 27.19? 157, 083
North Dakota...... 1937 34C 83! ‘ 2,854
1935 32C 83] 2,551
South Dakota.. 1937 434 1,28] 4, 970
1935 40c 1,131 4,400
Nebraska............. 1937 1,071 4,89! 10, 590
Kansas................
For footnotes, see p. 840.
1935 1,14C 4/81{ 17,855
1937 1,52C 8,387 34,128
1935 1, 492 7,185 30, 481
294,813 X133, 392 2, 022, 060 5,109,918 2,487,258
255,348 882, 428 2, 029, S77 3,931,00C 1,90lj 123
882,402 2 936, 510 9,256,477 16, 590,770 7,343,298
757,294 2 199, 623 7, 010,885 12, 562, 542 5,551,657
876, 111 3 505, 767 11, 523,925 19, 970, 050 8,446,131
682,681 2 400, 013 8, 295,627 14,353, 526 6,057,899
153,687 457, 489 2, 762,94£ 4,091,727 1,328,778
136,072 343, 978 2, 257,985 3,308,110 1,050,134
176,843 836, 180 3, 288, 204 5, 403,45C 2,115,245
147,930 625, 845 2, 491,453 4, 025, 611 1, 534,158
69,757 297, 939 1,186,135 1, 977, 318 791,183
58,462 214, 281 868,172 1, 449, 201 581,029
80,359 251, 833 1, 877, 111 2,093,027 815,916
65,828 177, 033 1, 332,061 1,892,782 560,721
27,032 96, 678 630,194 928,951 289,757
23,005 GO, 197 406,883 599, 46C 192,576
155,862 597, 006 2, 382,675 3,938,647 1, 555,972
126,745 401, 030 1,748,202 2, 871,457 1,123, 265
13,452 72, 263 197,626 348, 630 151, 111
12,141 58, 027 154,515 271, 731 11.7,216
10,473 55. 235 144, 321 249, 632 105,309
9,154 47, 812 116,357 207,001 90,734
0 ,0 3 8 24, 016 58,772 111, 87C 53,104
5,014 17, 508 41,32£ 80,847 39,524
154,043 656, 077 1, 364,29! 2, 620,780 1,256,490
136,377 438, 416 1, 084,175 2, 060,045 975,871
28,872 112, 932 276,73G 517,196 240,458
24,921 94, 322 225,59C 411, 88C 180,296
81,936 312, 27C 581,002 1, 261,78G 680,787
07,741 226, 253 407, BIS 809,401 491,483
438,861 1 236, 048 3, 998,266 7, 314,447 3, 316,180
300,068 991, 678 3, 307,515 5, 063,85C 2, 656, 335
160,526 523, 504 1,890,53! 3, 253,246 1,362,708
136,686 391,924 1, 382,46! 2,407,322 1, 024, 855
283,014 1 176,057 3, 367,672 6, 032,082 2,664,410
230,540 816, 022 2, 320,901 4,191, 369 1,870,467
242,874 957, 050 2, 793,1 9 0 5,090, 817 2, 306,627
192,696 065,855 2 ,005,768 3, 660,904 1,655,136
93,480 402,117 1,478,568 2, 497,548 1,018,980
73, 708 257,802 940,284 1, 649,530 703,240
273,835 862, 793 2, 985,247 5, 304,283 2,319,036
215,942 581, 38S 2,131,031 3, 743,099 1, 012,069
183,414 986,841 3, 204,438 5, 296,101 2,091,663
132,698 CGI, 666 2, 428,059 3,986,178 1, 553,110
82,507 296,365 1, 0 6 2 ,4 8 6 1, 772,310 700,824
67,637 204,201 7 84,486 1, 313,815 520,329
35,023 107, 393 624,565 937, 463 312,898
32,737 77, 974 500,843 746,351 245, 507
25,400 76,193 473,395 709, 458 236,064
21,604 65,483 308,718 575,371 170,653
64,001 202, 586 944,985 1, 506,383 560,398
50,577 153, 735 742, 709 1,183, 637 440, 028
1,433 3,192 35,571 45, 837 10,266
1,337 2,742 32, 357 41, 333 8,976
2,198 5,485 52,897 67, 276 14,380
1,940 4,398 44,-722 56,026 11,305
9,049 22,126 215,077 282,502 67,424
8,708 18,129 189,332 247,727 58,395
15,694 40, 513 416,459 543,807 127, 348
13,160 31, 518 349,304 457, 675 108,371

8 4 0 M A ^U FlA .C ’TUEiES
N o . 8 3 1 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a r y , b y St a t e s : 1035 a n d 1937-— C o n ,
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Salaried
officers
and employees
1
Wage
earners
(average
for the
y ear)1
SALARIES
WAGES
COST OF
MATE­
RIALS,
ETC.,
FUEL,
FUR-
CHASED
ENERGY,
AND CON­
TRACT
WORK a
VALUE
OF
PROD­
UCTS2
VALUE
ADDED BY
MANUFAC­
TURE 8
In thousands of dollars
South Atlantic:
Delaware . . . ____ 1937 359 2,679 21,052 6,329 22,992 65,980 124,384 58,404
1935 339 2,232 16; 532 4,703 15,259 46,604 83,015 36,411
Maryland............ 1937- 2,683 18,436 145,932 40,787 156,995 665,027 1,095,803 430,836
1935 2,679 15,482 117,245 32,516 108,282 444,919 741,008 266,689
Dist. of Columbia, 1937 469 5,043 8,714 9,621 12,848 31,451 74,108 42,657
1935 490 3,986 8,115 8,778 11,953 28,884 66.232 37,348
Virginia................. 1037 2,384 11,791 132,643 25,388 112,774 572,374 908,222 335,848
1935 2.241 10,238 113,654 21,269 86,377 460,500 697,530 247,029
West Virginia____ 1937 1,057 8,001 83,464 18,295 102,511 257.752 480, 626 222,774
1935 1,027 6,080 74,18(1 14.492 76.65C 198,82C 366,574 167,764
North Carolina__ 1937 2,896 13,138 258,771 29,050 189,265 908,903 1,384,738 475,834
1936 2,699 12,082 227,10C 25,595 148,922 735,018 1,103,011 368,893
South Carolina. __ 1937 1,193 5,434 129,748 11,841 91,792 234,433 409,912 176,478
1935 1,121 4,808 108,558 10,163 05,946 184,618 207,156 112,538
Georgia............. 1937 2,876 12,549 159,496 23,629 110,501 439,145 708,652 269,507
1935 2,834 10,546 139,65C 20,245 . 81,495 327,40G 514, C55 187,249
Florida.................. 1937 1,835 6,897 52,005 12,003 36,501 113,138 217, 045 103,007
1935 1,889 5,635 SI, 412 10,179 30,961 74,083 154, 930 80,247
E. South Central:
Kentucky............ 1937 1,624 8,801 68,998 18,298 66,249 323,002 604,897 181,896
1935 1,621 8,966 60,808 17,423 53,058 284,289 450,670 166,386
■Tennessee.............. 1937 2,083 13,359 135,073 27,241 109,248 412,36C 707,987 295,627
1935 1,991 11,002 112,434 22; 015 81,24C 302,432 620,069 218,537
Alabama................ 1937 1,874 8,832 120,301 18,511 96,058 336,328 673,704 237,436
1935 1,711 7,417 94,345 14,201 60,043 210,642 357,226 146,584
Mississippi............ 1937 1,100 3,206 46.04C 5,708 26,384 114,446 190,671 76,225
1935 1,059 2,760 36,367 4,823 19,334 70,809 120,330 49,521
W. South Central:
Arkansas............... 1037 1,043 3,251 37.28C 6,095 24,734 90,089 164,676 66,687
1935 1,006 2,915 29,07(1 5,181 17,328 74,108 119,341 45,233
Louisiana............... 1937 1,684 9,046 76,057 18,919 60,203 380,984 580.840 199,856
1035 1, O il 8,358 61,664 15,659 44.982 290,577 433, 52c 142,943
Oklahoma_______ 1937 1,428 6,042 29,551 12,066 34, 39c 255,470 366,080 110,018
1935 1,335 5,306 24,348 10,122 24,521 203,258 280,676 77,418
Texas__________ 1937 4,422 22,554 129,501 43.280 132.505 1,141,568 1,681,422 439,854
1935 4,167 18,151 99,124 34,867 90,202 764,118 1,059,245 295,128
Mountain:
Montana_______ 1937 615 1,952 11,268 3,936 15,758 134,041 176,279 42,238
1935 476 1,581 8,725 3,177 10,692 02,863 122,430 29,568
Idaho______ ___ 1937 533 1,319 12,797 2,485 16,25C 63,633 101.325 37,691
1935 455 1,176 9,635 2,059 10,738 41.319 64,088 23,668
Wyoming_______ 1937 236 824 3,795 1,711 6,219 33,028 49,129 16,161
1935 209 682 3,172 1,387 4,072 29,592 42,192 12,600
Colorado________ 1937 1,233 5,197 25,932 10,299 31,753 145,735 237,838 92,103
1935 1, ICC 4,703 20,858 8,746 21,53C 107,762 171,350 63,588
New Mexico.......... 1937 241 506 3,683 768 2,992 11,485 20,599 9, Ud
1935 197 404 2,827 718 2,233 7,812 13,573 5,761
Arizona_________ 1937 290 1,288 7,193 2,823 8,602 84,721 118,366 38,635
1935 272 1,000 4,748 2,207 5,034 39,283 55,456 1 0 ,1 7 3
U tah.................... 1937 552 2,448 13,094 4,575 14,479 156,911 204,857 47,946
1935 538 2,420 10,808 4,280 10,304 80,268 114,167 33,899
•Nevada_________ 1037 84 250 1,012 434 1,625 0,638 20, 568 10.930
1635 83 228 1,224 499 1,694 7,984 15,303 7,319
Faoific:
Washington........... 1937 3,057 13,008 101,260 26,589 128,472 380,321 675,640 295,319
1935 2,840 11,470 79,589 22,590 83,970 268,944 470,123 201,170
Oregon................... 1937 2,107 7,051 66,982 14,670 79,492 194, 085 363,142 160,057
1935 1, 710 6,061 51,006 11,681 51,416 145,398 259,345 113,947
California.............. 1937 10,861 55,894 302,186 114,603 389,132 1, 808,269 2.896.865 1,091,597
1935 10, 345 44,995 239,101 92,475 265,645 1,333,860 2,141,990 808,130
1Does not include 178,403 employees for 1937 not classed as salaried officers or wage earners, for which no
salary or wage data were collected. No data for 1935.
2 See second paragraph of general note, p. 802, • , , , , .
s Calculated by subtracting sum of cost of materials, containers, fuel, purchased electric onergy, and cost
of contract work from value of products for both years.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.

MANUFACTURES FOR INDUSTRIAL AREAS' 841
No. 8 3 2 .— M a n u f a c t u r e s — S u m m a ry f o r I n d u s t r i a l A r e a s : 1935 a n d 1937
Note.—The term industrial area signifies an area having as its nucleus an important manutocturing city
and comprising the county in which the city is located, togother with any adjoining county or counties
in which there is great concentration of manufacturing industry. The industrial areas by constituent
counties are as follows: Akron area—Summit County; Aibany-Sohencotady-Troy area—Albany, Rensselaer,
and Sohenectady Counties; Allentown-Bethlehem area—Lehigh and Northampton Counties;
Baltimore area—Baltimore City and Baltimore County; Boston area—Essex, Middlesex, Norfolk, and
Suffolk Counties; Bridgeport-New Haven-Watorbury area—Fairfield and New Haven Counties; Buffalo
area—Erie and Niagara Counties; Chicago area—Cook, Du Page, Kane, Lake, and Will Counties, 111., and
Lake County, Ind.; Cincinnati area—Butler and Hamilton Counties, Ohio, and Campbell and Kenton
Counties, Ky.; Cleveland area—Cuyahoga and Lorain Counties; Dayton area—Montgomery County;
Detroit area—Oakland and Wayne Counties; Hartford area—Hartford County; Indianapolis area—
Marion County; Kansas City area—Clay and Jackson Counties, Mo., and W yandotte County, Kans.;
Los Angeles area—Los Angeles County; Milwaukee area—Konosha, Milwaukee, and Racine Counties;
Minneapolis-St. Paul area—Dakota, Hennepin, and Ramsey Counties; New York City-Newark-Jersey
City area—Bronx, Kings, New York, Queens, Richmond, and Westchester Counties, N. Y., and Bergen,
Essex, Hudson, Middlesex, Passaic, and Union Counties, N. J.; Philadelphia-Camden area—Bucks,
Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia Counties, Pa., and Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester
Counties, N. J .; Pittsburgh area—Allegheny, Beaver, Washington, and Westmoreland Counties;
Providence-Fall River-New Bedford area—Providence County, R. I., and Bristol County, Mass.;
Reading area—Berks County; Rochester area—Monroe County; St. Louis area—St. Louis City and St.
Louis County, Mo., and Madison and St. Clair Counties, 111.; Ban Francisco-Oakland area—Alameda,
Contra Costa, Marin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties; Scranton-Willces-Barre area—Lackawanna
and Luzerne Counties; Seattle-Tacoma area—King and Pierce Counties; Sprlngfield-Holyoke
area—Hampden County; Toledo area—Lucas County; Wheeling area—Brooke, Hancock, and Ohio
Counties, W. Va., and Belmont, Columbiana, and Jefferson Counties, Ohio; Worcester area—Worcester
County; Youngstown area—Mahoning and Trum bull Counties, Ohio, and Lawrence and Mercer Counties,
Pa. See also general note, p.'802
[All figures except number of wage earners in thousands of dollars]
AREA
w a g e e a r n e r s
(AVERAGE FOR
YEAR)
WAGES
VALUE OF PRODUCTS
VALUE ADDED BY
MANUFACTURE
1935 1037 1936 1037 1935 1937 1935 1937
United S tates.................. 7,203,794 8, 639,231 7,811, 829 10,112,883 44,993,699 60,712,872 18,652,553 25,173, 539
Total for areas------- 4,023,383 4, 788, 648 4,647,403 3,261,249 27,207,890 36,279,318 11,951,621 15,443,924
Akron area...................... - 49,774 52,888 70,223 80,702 365,683 395,871 173,671 179,774
A lb a n y -S e h n e c ta d y -
Troy area....................... 37,649 44,086 3 9 , s e e 67,190 205,811 304,469 111, 324 158,878
A llentow n-Bethlehem
area................................. 48,893 50,860 41,642 62,106 189,352 200,734 97,421 150,708
Baltimore area......... ........ 84,416 105,015 .83,801 124,023 613,650 925,761 249,299 362, 495
Boston area....................... 220,936 247,086 235,743 281,911 1,224,104 1,483,927 574,550 677,030
Bridgeport-New Haven-
Waterbury area______ 122,187 140,077 124,110 173,309 629,780 761,220 286,250 396.284
Buffalo area___________ 82,094 105,722 98,669 154,440 753,182 1,078,068 272,174 433,175
OhicaKo area.................... 421,397 538,775 404,037 74a 160 3,316,861 4,711,428 1,414,456 1,995,958
Cincinnati area............. — 85,931 101,044 90,464 128,762 621,641 794,341 254,707 330,770
Cleveland area....... -........ 138,310 163,31S 103,304 232.570 866,370 1,210, 522 402,778 570,486
Dayton area.................. 34,257 47,38S 43,032 72,594 204,700 315,584 121,401 185, 702
Detroit area.................. ... 330,070 406,882 465, 429 648,515 2,657.000 3,409,351 1,025,648 1,304,953
Hartford area.................... 56,138 70,079 59,845 89,474 216,320 314,894 136,029 194, 556
Indianapolis area.._____ 34,244 41,264 30,097 50.356 227,681 297,483 107,419 142,475
Kansas City (Missouri 36,608 41,410 40,209 49,867 474,050 549,273 122,373 139, 767
and Kansas) area..........
Los Angeles area_______ 94,013 128,655 106,848 104,703 838,623 1,205,280 321,288 460,080
Milwaukee area................ 99,123 120,967 113,772 172,675 599,791 871,529 . 286,091 395,288
M inneapolis-St. P aul
area................................. 46,637 65,609 49,754 69,310 432,617 533,733 166,756 205,628
New York City-Newark-
Jersey City area............ 706,351 848,345 878,371 1,046,187 6,624,038 6,764,288 2,665,285 2,878,131
Philadelphia-C am den
area......................... 312,877 345,66i 336,118 421.546 1,809,180 2,350,645 842,026 1,005,830
Pittsburgh area...........1— 174,717 227,676 195,232 348,702 1,032,912 1,746,908 450,352 767,867
Providence-Fall River:
New Bedford area------- 141,801 158,076 127,703 157,766 526,159 670,664 251.428 316.731
Reading area..................... 40,966 45,42S 39,078 47, Si9 121,486 156,821 67,007 83,701
Rochester area.............. 44,548 57,09C 50, 200 78,020 236,733 342,224 135,140 198,586
St. Louis area................... 116,325 140,876 120,931 171,719 875,228 1,202,719 339,117 465,276
San Francisco-Oakland
area................................. 76,063 88,414 91,274 122,910 825,618 1,052,353 292,289 366,821
Soranton-Wilkes-Barre
area................................. 33,302 33,361 26,301 28,38C 105,963 133, 085 66,724 65,297
Seattle-Tacoma area........ 30,031 39,103 84,208 51,202 218,823 307, 401 86,968 115,586
Springfleld-Holyoke area. 39,693 40,187 41,780 67,242 102,097 268,177 98,HS 132,139
Toledo area....................— 37,00C 41,71< 44, m 50,02: 201,060 334,002 120,72C 142,985
Wheeling area.........-........ 47,637 50,674 63,005 72,523 257,016 332, 671 101,845 12a 886
Worcester area_________ 73, SOI 88,20i 74,821 103, 077 803,37E 424,87G 153,663 220,684
Youngstown area..........— 60,034 83,251 71,704 130,620 430,437 748.362 103,670 288,420
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennia] Census of Manufactures.
2 6 7 7 0 6 ° — 4 1 --------------------------------------------5 5 '

8 4 2 M A N U F A C T U R E S
No. 833.— T b x tim i M a n u f a c t u r e s — P r o d u c t i o n , b y K i n d : 1935 a n d 1937
N o t e .— In general, most of the articles are finished products, hut large quantities of partly finished products,
especially yarn, made for sale to other establishments of the same or other branches of the textile
- industry, are included. This involves considerable duplication in total value of products
Unit
QUANTITY (THOU­
SANDS OP UNIT
SPECIFIED)
1935 1937
VAI.UE (THOUSANDS
OP DOLLARS)
1935 1937
COTTON MANUFACTURES
T o t a l v a l u e . .
Bucks (except tire)............................................
Sheetings.............................................................
D rills.................................................................
Twills and sateens.............................................
Osnaburgs.................................... ........... ...........
Print cloth........................................... ............
Broadcloths and poplins.......„............................
Pajama checks and dimities..............................
Tobacco and cheesecloth and gauze...................
Napped fabrics...................................................
Blankets, all cotton, including crib (finished,
not in the gray).*
Blankets, part-wool, containing less than 25
percent, by weight, of wool or similar fibers.*
Denims, pin stripes, pin checks, and hickory
stripes.
Bed ticking................................. _...........
Shirtings..............................................................
Ginghams (carded and combed yarn fabrics)....
Cotconades and other coverts (except shirting
coverts).
Voiles (combed or part-combed)..........................
Organdies and lawns (combed or part-combed).
Tire fabrics........................ .............................
Towels, towolings, washcloths, bath mats, and
terry-woven fabrics other than towels, etc.s
Bedspread fabrics................................................
Plushes, velvets, and velveteens.........................
Corduroys..........................................................
Cotton table damask.......................................
Drapery and upholstery fabrics (including
tapestries), except fabrics classified as pile
fabrics or fine goods.
Cotton narrow fabrics______ ________ _____
Yarns niado for sale...........................................
Thread......................................... ........... ...........
Tire cords on cones______________________
Cotton waste made for sale...............................
Other cotton products......... .............................
ḶACE GOODS
Total value.
Nottingham laee curtains....... .
Nottingham lace curtain nets.
Levcrs laces...........................
Other laco products......._........
KNIT GOODS
Total value..
Pull-fashioned hosiery.........................................
Seamless hosiery...... ..........................................
Union suits..........................................................
Sweaters, sweater coats, and jerseys...................
Bathing suits of knit fabrio (made from materials
owned by establishments reporting).
Headwear, except infants'..................................
Neckties............................................................
Dresses and suits........................ ....
Knitted doth made for sale................................
Other knit products............................................
RAYON AND SILK MANUFACTURES
Total value......................................
Rayon and silk broad goods.................... .
Rayon...................................................
Rayon mixtures_________________
Silk................................................
Silk mixtures_____ _____ .,_______
Por footnotes, see p. 844.
Sq. yard.
do__
do—.
.do—
.do....
.do....
.do—
.d o —
-d o —
..d o —
.do...
........d o - ..........
- ..- d o ........... .
----- do...
—..do...
——do...
-....do...
___ do__
-....d o .--
P ound...
Sq. yard.
-do..
.do..
do~
----- do..
----- do..
Pound.
___ do..
___ do..
__ -do..
Pair..........
Lin. yard-
Doa. pair..
___ do.......
Doaen.......
.......do.......
- _ . . - d o ...........
....d o —
___ do—
Number.
Sq. yard.
___ do—-
___ do—
___ do.__
___ do__
150.371
1,390,455
178,608
265,338
141.372
1,810,281
369,074
22, 990
641,660
298,700
58,019
(a>
208, 367
58,574
273, 389
40.560
45,967
32,605
212,131
118,304
178,463
49,041
20,593
31,773
15,341
104.560
390,037
34,854
75,676
338,673
9,572
4,886
36,425
80, 071
0,278
4, S86
900
969
255
4,031
1,027,091
730,711
44,110
239,470
12,794
222,814
1,825,884
281,809
343,574
153,093
2,121,066
472,791
45, 958
902, 776
455,411
110,400
53,905
245,965
60.164
345,744
12,173
59, 733
48.165
303,232
167,688
211,812
57,219
24,432
30,217
15,910
115,033
533,634
38,886
93,093
515,425
10,690
5,190
40,200
85,358
7,224
4,712
*1,207
859
69
1,788
1,138,629
947,314
54,820
109,226
27,270
1,035,430 1,286,249
37,110 45,452
107,875 150,606
18,629 27,482
31,587 41,728
15, 220 10,206
100, 951 133,125
80, 057 46,241
1, 780 4,206
12, 763 17,856
31,253 49,183
10,803 18,995
(a>
33, 527
8,047
29,721
5,210
8,057
2,554
15, 284
39, 939
35,197
8,100
11,942
10,039
3,320
26,276
41,158
133,569
35,137
24,368
21,027
138,229
25,794
11,328
1,148
9,980
3,337
592, 834
200, 703
135, 724
35,853
55,342
14,551
8,875
519
22,570
53, 578
90,119
308,461
237,072
141,226
18,844
69,666
7,336
10,535
38,481
8,550
42,165
1,400
11,972
3,275
22,009
46,930
40,774
9,165
16,207
2,9
30,049
43,205
176,341
41,359
28,155
25,076
127,766
26,770
12,079
1,877
9,7fifi
3, 548
641,081
229,259
122, 718
43,501
69,247

TEXTILES 843
No. 833.— T e x t i l e M a n u f a c t t j b e s — P r o d u c t i o n , b y K i n d : 1935 a n d 1937—
Continued
Unit
Q U A N T IT Y (T H O U ­
S A N D S O P U N IT
S P E C IF IE D )
1935 1937
VALUE (THOUSANDS
OF DOLLARS)
1935 1937
R A Y O N A N D S IL K M A N U F A C T U R E S — Con.
Rayon and silk narrow fabrics......................
Ribbons.._____ _______ . . . ____________
Fringes and gimps........................................
Other.......................
___
Silk and rayon yarn and thread made for sale.
Other silk and rayon products..........................
w o o l , A N D H A IR M A N U F A C T U R E S «
Total value........................................
Mon’s-wear suitings and pantings.......................
Men’s-wear overcoatings and topeoatings..........
Women's-wear coatings.................................
Women’s-wear suitings and dress fabrics..........
Shirtings...............................................................
Other apparel fabrics............................................
Nonapparel fabrics..................... .........................
Blankets, bod and camp except crib:
98 percent or more wool or similar animal
fibers.
25 to 98 percent wool or similar animal fibers.
Less than 25 percent wool or similar animal
fibers.
Other blankets......................................................
Woven felts...........................................................
Yarns 11...............................................................
T ops11..................................... ................... ........
Noils11................................................................ .
Other products.................................................. .
F E L T G O O D S, E X C E P T W O V E N F E L T S
Total value...................................
Trimming and lining felts.........................
Carpet and rug linings and cushions____
Boot, shoe, and slipper felts and linings..
Automotive felts......................................._
Other felts.................................................
H A T B O D IE S , C A R D ED W O O L F E L T
Total value..................................
Hat bodies, carded, for sale as such.
Finished hats......................................
C A R PETS A N D R U G S
Total value______________
Wool carpets.............................. .
Wool rugs made of sowed strips..
Wool rugs woven whole...........
Other carpets and rugs................
Other products.............................
Sq. yard.
___do__
___do.—
___ do....
___ do__
___do__
----- do....
-..-do-.
_do—.
_do_...
___do..
Round.
___do..
___ do..
___ do..
Pound.
.do~
___do..
___do...
___do..
224, 390
53,181
•83, 662
62, 479
13, 242
(7)
59, 268
19,500
} 40,593
745
10 5, 212
97, 947
9, 376
15, 421
5,067
38,928
7,841
30,440
33,496
Dozen..
___ do- 322
Sq. yard.
___do__
___do__
24,481
1,039
O)
215,634
45,578
88,449
55, 678
13,075
51, 322
62,597
18,096
f 19,066
i (*)
1,084
5, 005
75,355
9,950
10,143
5,352
52,728
6,836
9,541
37,998
2,428
372
32, 292
976
32, 078
R E C O V E R E D W O O L F IB E R
Recovered wool fiber, total................ Pound. 67,201 61,962
24,803
9,918
4,037
9,947
46,587
(7)
191,844
50, 949
61,412
46, 235
8,810
(7)
60, 696
13, 295
10, 242
600
12,180
101,595
7,023
6, 750
5,159
21,237
2,722
5,766
3, 300
2,845
6,596
10,161
6,797
3,364
119,103
43,658
2,781
61,138
3,230
8,297
13,555
30,651
13, 237
2,492
14,921
33,675
10,695
669, 683
215,594
50,099
80,026
41,996
10,810
28,325
74,831
14, 329
9,026
0)
b1,169
14, 715
98, 766
7, 334
5,743
16, 772
27, 510
3, 029
9,173
3, 456
3,06S
8,785
18, 397
9,668
3,728
174,367
78,980
2,654
68,265
6,904
17,564
14,760
H A T S , F U R -F E L T
Total value-
New hats finished...... ....................................... .
Now hat bodies and hats in the rough, made for
sale as such.
Dozen___
----- do—..
1,645
1,932
1,715
2, 200
54,409
37,942
16,467
65,047
44, 214
20,833
A R T IFIC IA L L E A T H E R A N D O ILCLO TH
Total value___ _____________________
Artificial leather................................................. .
Pyroxylin-coated.............................................
Other.................................................................
Oilcloth...............................................................
Sq. yard.
___ do.—
___ do—_
___ do—.
(!2)
63,813

8 4 4 MAsruriiOTtrcEtEs
No. 8 3 3 .— T e x t i l e M a n u f a c t u r e s — P r o d u c t i o n , b y K i n d : 1935 a n d 1937—
Continued
PRODUCT
Unit
Q U A N T IT Y (T H O U ­
S A N D S O F U N IT
S P E C IF IE D )
V A L U E (T H O U SA N D S
O F D O LLA RS)
1935 1037 1935 1937
C O R D A G E AND T W IN E A N D J U T E A N D I.TN EN
GOODS
Total value_______ _____________ ___ 72,491 102,020
Ropo, cable, and cordage:
....... do..............
___ do.............
Linen and part-linen woven goods.-—..............
75,390
6,859
22,750
108,811
50,733
86, i§2
2,653
8,917
39,979
88,122
7,924
27,220
114,943
69,214
115,046
2,900
7,' 749
61,682
9,050
547
5,908
1,232
6,630
13,948
12,496
11,023
3,142
2,394
2,838
3,284
14,209
810
7,071
2,179
8,582
17,950
16,992
14.7B7
3,670
2,481
5,831
8,652
• For production ot wool-and-cotton mixed blankets containing 25 to 98 percent wool, see "'Wool and
bair manufactures,” p. 843.
2 See "Wool and hair manufactures,” p. 843.
2 For 1936—finished fabrics (not in the gray). For 1937—partly in the gray; partly finished fabrics.
• In addition, 82,000 dozen bathing suits valued at $1,772,000 wore reported as made from woven fabric
and 114,000 dozen valued at $705,000 made from purchased knitted fabric. Figures for bathing suits made
on contract from materials owned by others and made in contract shops from materials owned by establishments
reporting included with "Other knit products” to avoid disclosing data reported by individual
establishments.
5 Figures for dresses and suits made in contract shops from materials owned by establishments reporting
included with "Other knit products” to avoid disclosing data reported by individual establishments.
« For 1035—soles (goods invoiced to customers). For 1937—Quantity is production, including produots
made for others on commission and those made for own use; value is value of cloths woven from materials
owned and cloths woven on commission.
1 No comparable data.
• See "Cotton manufactures,” p. 842. * Includes $63,000 for which no square yards were reported.
i" Production including products made for others on commission and those made for own use.
11 For 1935—sales (goods invoiced to customers); for 1937—made for sale. No data.
Not including binder twine made in 8 penal institutions, as follows; 1935, 57,355,000 pounds; 1937,
42,809,000 pounds.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.
No. 834.— B o o ts a n d S h o e s ( O t h e r T h a n R u b b e r ) — P r o d u c t i o n , b y C l a s s :
1914 to 1939
N o t e .—In thousands of pairs. Detailed valuo data were not collected at the censuses. For total value of
produots of the industry see table 830, p. 823. Data tor 1925 to 1939 compiled from monthly reports of
manufacturers representing approximately 06 percent of the total production in the United States for
1925 to 1929, 08 percent from 1930 to 1933, 99 percent for 1034 to 1936, and 98 percent for 1037 to 1930
1014.
1919.
1025..
1030.
1982.
1933.
1934.
1935.
1936.
1037-
1938.
1939.
YEAR
Total
Boys’
Misses’
Men’s i and
youths’ Women’s and
children’s
Infants,
Athletic
>*
All
fabric
22
Part
loather
and
part
fabric
Slippers
i
292,666 98,031 22,896 80,016 48,322 15,477 m (•) (*) (o
331,225 95,017 26,604 104,813 48, 538 16,669 686 11,056 C C)
323,553 86,546 21,021 104,782 38,691 24,587 5,914 8,604 Cl 23,899
304,170 77,147 18,630 112,620 32,037 18, 558 1,728 2,693 C) 34,994
313,200 74,493 18,100 113,944 33, 600 15,663 1,111 0,132 1,874 38, 212
350,382 88,821 19, 944 130,742 33,180 18,678 1,316 4,637 1,485 40, 648
357,119 91,387 17,348 138,045 34, 521 19,451 1,333 3,930 1,374 43,713
383,761 99,525 17,847 146,231 37,276 21,167 1,961 3,871 2,891 42,055
415,227 103,784 16,570 161,858 38,845 21,612 2,486 2,802 3, 569 51,311
411,909 102,805 17,481 149,675 39,911 22,786 2,676 7, .705 14, 541 48,294
300,740 96,660 17,137 147,756 40,188 21,316 2,005 8,072 8,537 42.487
424,186 103,763 16,858 167, 697 43,990 24,085 3,867 4,937 7, 209 45,695
All
other
27,024
28,042
9,549
5,964
10,170
11,030
11,018
12,138
14,301
6,104
5,809
6,056
>Figures beginning with 1927 are not strictly comparable with earlier years owing to the fact that large
quantities of heavy footwear now included with men’s shoes were included with "Athletic” prior to 1027.
2 Figures exolude footwear with fabrio uppers and rubber soles; data for this class, for certain census years,
are shown in table B40, p. 860.
2 Figures include satin, canvas, etc.
* Includes slippers and moccasins (all leather and part leather, felt, etc.) for house wear.
! Not reported separately; included with "all other.”
‘ Not reported separately; included with the various classes of boots and shoes.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the CenBUB; figures are published currently in monthly
releases.

LEATHER 1*4 845
No. 8 3 5 .— L e a th e r —P ro d u c tio n , by P rin c ip a l Types o p Raw S tock:
1928 to 1939
[Cattle hide in thousands of hides, other figures in thousands of skins]
YEAR
Cattle
hide
Calf and
kip
Coat
and kid
Sheep
and
lamb
YEAR
Cattle
hide
Calf and
kip
Goat
and kid
Sheep
and
lamb
1928 . 20,237 15,617
1929 . 19,146 15,364
1930 . 17,075 14,171-
1931 . 16,234 12,438
1932 . 14,583 11,580
1933 __________-----
17,115 13,049
64,862
66,686
66,446
48,637
37,014
44,312
Source: Tanners’ Council of America.
38,706
38,985
30,393
32,443
28,841
33,881
1934 .................... 19,771 .................... 12,442 44,982
1935 .. 21,932 14,140 48,250
1936 .................... 22,628 .................... 13,127 47,363
1937 . 22,380 12.027 40,554
1938 .. 19,047 12,991 81,905
1939-.._____ 22,089 14.027 40,419
34,255
38,405
37,942
34,232
28,941
39,384
No. 8 3 6 .—Leather—P roduction, by K in d : 1931, 1935, and 1937
PRODUCT AND UNIT OF QUANTITY
QUANTITY 1
VALUE (THOUSANDS
OF DOLLARS) 1
1931 1935 1937 1931 1935 1937
Oak and union sole__1,000 backs, bends, and sides__
Chrome and combination sole..............................do___
Horse-solo...................................................... 1,000 b u tts ..
Belting b utts—currieda.l,000 b utts and b u tt b en d s..
Offal (heads, bellies, shoulders, etc.)*..i,QGC p o unds..
Union-black................................................... 1,000 sides..
Oak black and russet ............................................do___
Bag, case, and strap leather—finished grains___ do___
Collar leather.......................... ..................... ... d o ___
W elting leather.............................................1.000 p o u n d s..
Upholstery leather (automobile, furniture, and car-
Wholo-hlde grains and mnehine-bufled.-l.OOO h id es..
Splits (main and second)............................1,000 pieces.
‘Cattle, including kip sides..................... -.1,000 sides..
Calf and whole kip, except kip sides___ 1,000 s k in s..
G oat and k id.............................................................do___
11,740
447
m
260
86,161
06
279
0) 180
2,077
m
m
12,514
10,644
34,078
1,156
16,006
1,187
(2)
466
91, 642
300
513
851
366
7,486
262
187
20,069
12,800
41,009
1,296
18,348
1,052
400
628
04,438
303
431
887
376
7,240
426
312
20,010
12,324
37,580
1,189
Wax and finished s p lits ...1..................... 1,000 pieces.. w (>) 10,298
Horse, colt, ass, and mule—half and whole fro n ts 8
1,000 equivalent half fro n ts..
Sheep and lam b except shearlings............1,000 sk in s..
Sheep and iam b—shoe stook.....................1,000 sk in s..
Goat and k id.................................. .......................... do___
P a te n t upper leather, cattle including k ip sides,
jap an n ed ..._____________ ____________ 1,000 sides..
Splits, other th an wax and finished upper and
upholstery.................................................... 1,000 s p lits..
Skivers___________________ __________ -__1,000 do z..
1,600
0,030
(6)
1,596
13,448
«
m (*)
(5)
(!)
m 192
1,016
12,592
2,729
11,162
4,968
ffl 3,020
n 15,765
184 226
Bough leather:
Belting b utts—for sale as such
1,000 b utts and b u tt b e n d s.. 369 494 663
253,632 293,872 372,458
73,183
56,030
2,175
(')
2,736
13,193
2,166
513
1,653
(*)
627
712
(*)
(*

8 4 6 MANUFACTURES
No. 837.— C h e m ic a ls — P r o d u c t i o n , b y K in d : 1933, 1935, a n d 1937
N o t e .—Data shown in this table represent products made for sale and for interplant transfer. In addition,
large quantities of certain chemicals, especially acids, are made and consumed in further processes in the
same establishments. There is considerable duplication in the total value of products due to the use of
products sold by one establishment as material for other establishments manufacturing chemicals. Tons
are of 2,000 pounds, except as noted
Total value.
Acetates1...........
Amyl..............
Butyl.............
Calcium *........
Ethyl..............
PRODUCT
QUANTITY (THOUSANDS OF UNIT
SPECIFIED)
Unit 1933 1935
Gallon..
...do___
Ton.......
Gallon..
Acetone............................................... Pound..
Acids1........... „....................................
Acetic (basis 100 percent)4................ Pound..
Boric (boracic).................................. ...do___
Chromic............................................ ...do......
Citric8............................................... ...do......
Hydrochloric (basis 100 percent)__ Ton.......
Mixed (sulphuric-nitric).................. ...do......
Nitric (basis 100 percent)................. ...do......
Oleic.................................................. Pound..
Oxalic............................ ................... ...do.......
Phosphoric6-................................... ...do___
Stearic.............................................. ...do......
Sulphuric f (basis 50° Baurafi)......... Ton.......
Tannic 5___ __________________ Pound..
Tartaric_______ ________________ ...d o .......
Alcohols:
Methyl, synthetic...........
Butyl........................ ........
Ethyl and other alcohols*.
Ammonia, anhydrous19.....................
Ammonia, aqua and liquor (N. H.a
content)
Bicarbonates and carbonates1............
Sodium bicarbonate, refined (basis
100 percent).
Soda ash..........................................
Bromidos_______ ___________ ___
Calcium carbide..................................
Calcium oxychloride (bleaching powder).12
Carbon, activated...............................
Carbon bisulphide...............................
Carbon tetrachloride...........................
Gallon. _
Pound..
Pound..
— do.......
Ton.
...do.
Ton.......
— do.......
...d o .......
Pound..
...d o ___
Chlorides 11*.......................................
Calcium (basis 73 to 80percent)i4_— Ton___
Sulphur............................................. Pound..
Ammonium (sal ammoniac)............ ...d o ___
Chromates and bichromatesl.
Sodium................................
Citrates...................... ...
Coal-tar products u_._.
Crudes16..................
Intermediates........ .
Finished products
Cyanides........................................ ....
Ester gum............................................. Pound.
Ether (ethyl)........................................ .do__
Ferro-alloys, electric-furnace............... Ton 18-
Fluorides..............................................
Glycerine, crude ................................ Pound. _
Glycerine, dynamite grade18............... ...d o .......
Glycerine, chemically p u r e ___— — do___
Hydroxides 1................
Potassium (caustic)8.
Sodium (caustic)___
Iodides 1___ _______
Potassium................
Modified sodas............
Nitrates (except sodium) 1!l).
Silver (lunar caustic)........
Ammonium......................
608
3,763
26
5,082
(3)
65,150
21,613
5,690
45
42
30
(3)
9,223
24,053
(3)
3,848
682
6,799
8,793
(3)
(3)
150,185
11,390
129"
1,654
101
28
(a)
90,179
30,344
158
45,908
(3)
1,026
5, 031
20
5, 663
68,922
101, 501
28,738
6,723
10,493
55
46
25
43,763
8,884
45,386
27,438
4,488
725
6,887
13,359
35,878
(3)
138,779
23,916
137"
1,872
147
40
11
117,758
61,970
227
59,117
34,865
193? 1933
1,522
9,316
23
6,940
84, 309
131,645
40, 624
8,997
18,138
71
64
35
38,087
10,198
78, 251
31,889
5,719
1,016
10,643
831,006
79,934
(3)
223,041
25,515
2,324
193
40
11
155,238
78, 709
264
66, 698
30, 699
Ton. 29 42 '49
Ton.
—do.
Pound..
Ton.......
7,421
121
"~22,"Ifil
}l07,853
Ounce.. 4,146
Pound.. 18,694
21,373
7,915
217
24,043
118,727 |
25, 590
13,097
352
24,181
43, 586
78,813 }
VALUE (THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
489,977
11,407
442
2, 578
1,166
2,660
(3)
50, 057
4, 303
845
537
1,795
2,387
2,428
(3) 903
892
(3)
20,482
236
1,493
1, 680
24,122
5,930
923
30,363
3, 686
1935
642,80S
13,217
789
3,087
820
2,079
2,042
65, 390
5,455
1,246
888
2, 768
3,048
2,105
2,143
3,273
945
1,334
2,777
31,908
305
1,609
3,611
/ 2,002
I 34,492
5,679
1,235
30,514
3,658
24,183 28,425
2, 764 4,964
0. 6,234 059
921 909
(3)
3,283
1, 354
15,647
2,710
065
(3)
3, 579
3, 281
1,464
107,273
10,085
21,443
68,845
3,205
(17)
1,385
11,868
C3)
1,191
7,915
26,007
9 10 ' l l 868
645 720 897 24,478
1,309
479 433 613 1,108
22 29 26 776
2,359
5,195
25,298
7,240
45,500
1,072
574
4,503
1,118
Oxides 1
T in - Pound.. 2,743 3,245 3, 324
i For footnotos, see p. 847.
926
3,385
2,150
16,257
3,629
889
1, 584
5, 230
4,763
1,357
120, 582
19,173
29, 300
72,048
4,430
1,482
1, 305
23,490
1,969
2,366
12,973 |
30,295
1, 260
28,134
745
572
1,140
3,322
1,008
674
8, 770
1,686
1937
916, 529
20,687
1,189
5,085
727
2,919
2,845
85,953
6, 007
1,545
1, 200
4,119
3,988
2.485
3,053
3, 605
1,087
1,786
3,056
42,198
382
2.485
s 8,019
6,867
35,820
8,808
1,310
43,089
3,000
33,769
7,057
9,842
037
1,444
4,754
3,008
18,741
4,181
994
1,821
6,405
5,920
948
157,744
29,471
37,140
91,133
4,884
2,213
1, 052
45,295
5,134
3, 593
7,823
13,460
34,792
1,438
32,028
794
599
1,051
4,335
2,285
1,131
14,719
1,707

'CHEMICALS 847
No. 837.— C h e m ic a l s— P r o d u c t io n , b y K i n d : 1933,1936, a n d 1937—Con.
P R O D U C T
Poroxides1............................................
Hydrogen (basis 100 volumes)..........
Phosphates t........................................
Calcium...........................................
Sodium:
Tribasic...................._.....................
Dibasic............................................
Monobasic and pyro......................
Plastics ...............................................
Nitrocellulose (pyroxylin)________
Finished articles of nitrocellulose
(pyroxylin) .................................
Cellulose acetate....................._........
Coal-tar resins.............. _........
Other plastics and synthetic resins,
including synthetic rubber______
Sodium borate (borax)........................
Sodium hypochlorite24____________
Sodium silicate (liquid and solid)”__
Stearates................................................
Sulphates *........_............................ ......
Aluminum (concentrated alum)___
Copper (blue vitriol).........................
Magnesium (Epsomsalt).......... ......
Sodium:
Glauber’s salt...... ...........................
Hyposulphite (thiosulphate)........
Niter cake.......................................
Salt cake (crude)............................
Zinc................... — ..........................
Ammonium........................................
Sulphides *_____ —..................... ........
Sodium ”..... .....................................
Sulphites................................................
Sulphur, refined..................................
Tartrates................................................
Vitreous enamels (“frit")__________
Other chemicals....................................
Q U A N T I T Y ( T H O U S A N D S O F U N I T
S P E C I F I E D )
V A L U E ( T H O U S A N D S O F
D O L L A R S )
Unit 1933 1935 1937 1933 1935 1037
Pound.. 12,119 17,409 22,925
Ton. 42 41 44
.do.
.do.
.do.
80 87 117
38 35 22
3 5 13
Pound.. 10,096 13.341 14,851
Pound.. 2,875
..do....... 41,557
Ton.......
...d o.......
__do.......
Ton.......
Pound..
Ton___
...d o ..
...d o ..
...do...
Pound. .
Ton.......
Ton.
Ton.
Pound. .
10,395 18,924
87,719 ”131,568
2, 900
2, 388
11, 486
6, 332
3, 084
1,398
540
24,905
7,799
5,020
2,246
7,609
2,331
64 106 126 3,163
32 51 75 2,073
008 641 6,583
352
16,826
322 348
6,600
66,070 54,759
1,408
37 38 1,234
40
18
17
115
29,797
(3)
31
49
39,853
” 40
24
19
” 170
37,466
96
26
73,397
” 32
33
23
” 241
37,630
102
27
76
110,879
3,859
3,155
14,190
5,110
3,862
1,338
833
44,036
10,682
^ 116
7,980
15,672
4,578
3,693
4,305
7,674
1,109
21,497
7,748
2,002
1,117
586 ” 542
763 1,054
353 344
1,471 ” 1,864
512 721
2,073
1,870 2,112
1,354 1,300
3,003 3,762
1,736 2,064
1,089 868
2.587 4,400
83, 394 100,690
4,790
3,781
16,207
5,444
4,235
814
1,735
61,996
12,526
5,390
12,200
23 23,584
8,296
3,416
6,275
8,355
1,773
26,709
1,217
” 491
1,412
522
ai 2,308
1,143
2,418
2,344
1,530
3,924
2,333
1,302
6,826
206,518
i Valuo includes data for items not shown separately.
a Production in 1935 and 1937, basis 80 percent; for 1933, as reported, regardless of strength.
3 Data incomplete, no comparablo data, data not available, or data withheld.
4 Synthetic, natural, dilute, and glacial.
5 Production in 1035 and 1937, basis 100 percent; for 1933. as reported, regardless of strength.
3 Production in 1938, basis 50 percent, in part PaOs and in part HaPO

8 4 8 MANUFACTURE'S
No. 8 8 8 .— M i s c e l l a n e o u s P r o d u c t s M a d e b y C h e m ic a l P r o c e s s e s
N o t e .— Semifinished products made Tor consumption in the same establishment, are not included, b u t
there is some duplication in total value of products in certain branches, due to the use of such products
as materials by other establishments in the same industry. Tons are of 2,000 pounds
QUANTITY (THOUSANDS OF UNIT
SPECIFIED)
Unit
1033
1935
1037
VALUE (THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
1033
1035
1037
BONE BLACK, CARBON BLACK, ETC.
Total value...............................
Bone black......................................
Carbon blaolr (Bureau of Mines)...
Lampblack.....................................
COMPRESSED AND LIQUEFIED GASES
Total value..................... .........
Acotylone..................................
Carbon dioxide (not solid).......
Chldrinft, for sale......................
Hydrogen.................................
Oxygen.............................. ......
Nitrous oxide (laughing gas)...
Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide)..
Other gases...............................
FERTILIZERS
Total value..............
Complete fertilizers............................
Superphosphates, not ammoniated
(Including concentrated phosphates),
for sale.8
Other fertilizers...................................
PAINTS, PIGMENTS, AND VARNISHES
Total value................................
Pigments, colors, for sale..,..................
Paints in paste form ........................
Ready-mixed and semipnste paints...
Water paints and knlsomine, dry or in
paste.
Plastic paints.............................. .......
Varnishes, japans, lacquers, enamels,
and allied products.
Quantity reported.........................
M o rs (liquid, paste, and dry)..........
P utty .................. . ...........- ................
Blcaebcd shellac..............................
SOAP
Total value..
Bar soap:
Toilet soap.........................-....... .
Laundry soap................................
Granulated, powdered, and sprayed
soap.
Soap chips and flakes...........................
Washing powders................................
Cleansers and scouring powders containing
soap.
Shaving soap8.....................................
Quantity reported........................
Liquid soap, not including packaged
shampoos.
Quantity reported....................... .
Soap stock or soap base, for sale.........
Textile soap, including potash and
foots soaps for textile manufacture.
Potash soap, other than textile and
liquid.
Other and not reported by kind-.......
Pound.
..do__
..do__
Cu. ft..
Pound.
Ton__
Cu. ft..
„do—.
Gallon.
Pound.
T on....
..do__
.do..
Pound..
,..do..
Gallon..
Pound..
...do..
Gallon.
Pound.
...do....
Pound..
...do..
..do___
do._
do..
...do._
do..
...d o .......
...do~..
...do—.
...do__
...d o......
23,123
273,125
3,012
764,089 1,143,190 1, 511,445
117,382 287,657
8100,716
125 207 286
589,290 743,860 1,103,177
1,821,880 2,683,859 4,441,891
82,220 95,861 97,768
59,058 165,324 313,217
3,274
1,616
376
m u
1,296,006
242,528
81,287
122,823
14,561
89,936
00,907
10,731
305, 352,076
,431,104 1,134,065
421,804 603,118
351,077
262,711
164,067
ro
33.627
33.627
8,078
pi
p)
32, 922
352, 749
3,902
4,202
1,756
625
1, 507, 754
256,715
00,645
126,166
13,220
128,372
71,841
12,625
458,035
210,048
233,587
12,868
22,593
3,665
70,052
20, 804
36, 671
510,606
6, 309
5,681
3,113
890
870.276
269,827
110,248
150,876
16,664
160,626
00,544
14,639
360,611
1,122,421
743,194
390,465
232,411
178,346
14.631
14.631
29.870
29.870
4,522
00,708
26,072
8,641
829
7,602
210
148,186
11,039
4,406
4,486
915
12,997
811
1,070
11,602
82,811
61,180
12,882
8,749
10S1 <
382,084
60,428
26.101
125,112
6,265
1,393
‘ 127,862
124,340
1,211
2,002
2,610
53,064
68, 385
40,977
SO, 353
12,059
6,383
* 11,553
Pi
2.421
2.421
547
12,820
15,464
1,318
13,755
67,881
14, 748
4,541
7,961
1,667
18,126
046
3,240
10,707
121,068
03,002
16,489
11,477
423, 168
87,012
23,268
129,108
5,208
781
«171,186
106,178
1,159
2,872
2,425
63,325
51,340
46,284
36,320
7,746
7,
8 9,218
7,816
» 1,073
1,523
270
5,350
1,484
3,802
10,579
1,717
17,880
478
85,580
19,160
4,040
10,417
1,849-
26,073
1,114
4,619
17,403
178,284
128,750
27,840
21,067
562,607
117,200
28,541
163,580
7,622
1,103
»226,003
220,328
2,111
3,683
2,664
271,303
62,805
61,388
68,409
38,005
9,104
7,172
9.730
9.730
2.435
2.435
347
6,358
1Does not Include value of methyl chloride.
’ 1Includes approximately 64,500,000 pounds piped to plants making dry ice in 1933, 26,285,000 pounds In
1936. and 17,000,000 pounds In 1037. 3 Basis 16 percent available phosphoric acid.
1Comparable data for 1033 arc not available; see third paragraph of general note, p. 802.
I Includes value of production for which no quantity was reported.
II Includes shaving cream with soap base. Shaving cream containing no soap is classified as a product of
the "Perfumes, cosmetics, and toilet preparations’1 industry, p, 849. The total production of shaving
cream, with and without soap, m 1935 and 1037, was valued at $7,957,000 and $0,629,000, respectively,
' No comparable data. ........
2,157
4,894

ALLIED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS 8 4 9
No. 838.— M is c e l l a n e o u s P r o d u c t s M a d e b y C h e m ic a l P r o c e s s e s — Con.
PRODUCT
VALUE (THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)1
1931 1936 1937
DRUGS AND MEDICINES
Total value.......................................—....................... ..................
Medicinal products sold direct to or prescribed by physioians...........
Alkaloids and derivatives, made for sale.........................................
Biological products............................................................................
For human use:
Antitoxins...........................................................................
Bacterins............................................................................—
Serums..................................................... .............................
Vaccines......................................—......................................
Viruses............................................. —
Undistributed.................................... . ................................
For animal use:
Antitoxins....................... ......................... .........................
Bacterins-................................ _......................--------------
Serums...........-.....................................................................
Vaccines.......................................----------- -------------------
Viruses...........-....................................................................
Undistributed......................................................................-
Other products--------------------------- ------------ --------------------
U. S, P. and N, F .*78 *io............................................. . .................... .
Special formulas.................................................................. -—
Undistributed....................................—......................... - ..........
Medicines in specially preparod packages made for sale to the general
public..............................................................................................
U. S. P. and N. F.8..........................................................................
Not V. S. P. and N. F.«.................................................................. .
Medicinal products not classified above, and undistributed.,............
Poultry and animal remedies (except biological products).................
INSECTICIDES AND FUNGICIDES, AND INDUSTRIAL AND HOUSEHOLD
CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
Total value------ ------------------------------------ -----------------
Deodorants, other than for human use------------ --------------------
Disinfectants and insecticides............... -.........
Reported by kind:
Agricultural insecticides and fungicides........... ..............
Calcium arsenate_____ __________ _____________
Lead arsenate............... -____________ ________
Lime-sulphur, dry....................... — ............................
Lime-sulphur, solution_________________ _______
Paris green.....................................................................
Other including nicotine-sulphate and sulphur dust.
Household insecticides and repellents----- ------ ------------
Fly sprays......................................................................
Insoet powder (Pyrethrum)_____ ^............................
Fluoride powders and m ixtures..-------- ---------------
Moth ropeUants.................... —
Not reported by kind....................................................
Disinfectants.................................. -...........
Not reported by kind.............................................. ...................
Boiler compounds_______ _____ _________________________
Other industrial and household chemical compounds--------------
PERFUMES, COSMETICS, AND OTHER TOILET PREPARATIONS
Total value i°____________________ __________________
Perfumes and toilet waters__________ ____________________
Creams, other than shaving croam__.____________ -_________
Lip sticks and lip rouges....................„...........................................
Other rouges____________________ _______________________
Dentifrices_____________ _____ __ _______________________
Deodorants for human use_______ ________________________
Shampoos......................................................... - .............
Face powders______________________ -____ , --------------
Talcum powdors..............................................................................
Other toilet powders................................... ........................ .............
Hair dyes, tonics, and dressings___________________________
Faco lotions................. ...................................... ...........................
Other toilet preparations___ _____ —
303, 545 280, 491 335, 667
(!) 132,931 133,935
7,677 5,861 0, 015
14,821 13, 412 17, 079
2,430 2, G44 3, 008
1,020 1, 002 1,089
1,103 1,136 1,729
1,140 1, 552 1, 915
103 004 493
1,189 021 2,022
255 201 120
543 627 846
5, 43G 3, 348 4,723
516 438 076
886 700 708
97 239 350
113, 657 109, 341
39, 508 35, 811
04, 044 60, 357
9,206 7,173
| 283,047
130. 458 191, 214
• 31,413 . o 28, 942
’ 105,046 *102, 272
5,935 1,887
5,167 8,630
89,687 66,242 98,096
1,501
34,876
779
37,946
1,037
43,847
13,749 16,544 19,713
1,280 2 .3 2 2 1, 870
3,674 4,173 6,641
664 276 341
1,200 901 1,013
- | A f o 489
336
I 8,293 10,603
14,773 13,303 17,820
9,258 5,723 7,339
1,851 1,409 2* 022
41C 425 423
1,551 1,095 3,040
1,698 • 4,651 4,995
5,412 5,240 6,314
942 2,853
3,387 5,883 4,319
.19,925 24, 834 48,804
166,257 129,438 149,024
15,004 11,463 12,595
25,125 14,430 17,697
5,100 4, 714 4,418
5,030 2 574 2, 520
35.699 29, 722 35, 559
2,802 3,020 3,503
4,087 4,157 5,539
18,872 11,205 11,287
8,418 6,096 6,041
2,543 3,520 3,112
15,889 H, 048 13, 238
5,817 6,566 7,831
21,272 22,907 19, 784
1 Comparable data for 1033 are not available; see third paragraph of general note, p. 800.
7 No comparable data.
* United States Pharmacopoeia and National Formulary.
• Because of a reclassification, figures for 1935 aro not strictly comparable with those for 1937.
io Because of a reclassification of certain products, figures for 1931 are not strictly comparable with those
for subsequent years.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.

8 5 0 MANUFACTURES
N o . 8 3 9 .— T a n n in g M a t e r ia l s , N a t u r a l D y e s t u f f s , M o r d a n t s a n d A s s is t ­
a n t s, and S iz e s — P r o d u c t io n , b y K i n d : 1933, 1935, a n d 1937 .
Tanning oxtracts (solid and liquid);
Natural dyestuffs:
OtSer extracts, and ground! chipped, and
dry product.
Softeners, soluble oils, and greases:
Bulphonated oils and fats:
QUANTITY (THOUSANDS OF
POUNDS)
VALUE (THOUSANDS OP
DOLLARS)
1933 1985 1937 1933 1935 1937
236,065
9 6,452
302,842
9 3, 652
363,706
3,358
10,827 8,700 8,215
(
4,588
204
2,153
2,074
744
197
538
11,440
4,603
3,896
707
4,908
169
2,002
8,005
832
576
575
17,841
5.222
5.222
(*) 42,830 57,427 (») 3,932 4,709
1,424 1,778
i 1; 481 0,071
6,283 7,614 10,410
24,174 29,493 26, 944 1,448 1,591 1,599
4,785 6,023 8,811
162, 776 175,810 206, 524 4,600 5,479 8,811
185 544
i Pounds for 1935 and 1937, basis 25 percent tannin; for 1933, not reported according to strength.
* No solid sumao oxtract reported. • No comparable data. * Includes synthetic textile assistants.
N o , 8 4 0 .— R u b b e r P r o d u c t s— P r o d u c t io n , b y K i n d : 1033, 1935, a n d 1937
U nit
QUANTITY (THOUSANDS OF
UNIT SPECIFIED)
VALUE (THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
1933 1 1935 1937 1033 1035 1037
468,615 871,722 878,620
Tires and inner tubes:
Pneumatic tires and casings:
Motor-vehicle............................... Number - 45,376 48,765 54,113 221,051 322,103 412,760
4,006 5,056 f 3,852 4,683
Inner tubes:
Passenger car, track, and bus___ ...d o ____ 46,812
31,715
47,701 52,373
] 44,380 55,739
All other, including motorcycle ...d o ......... 1,550 3,590 l 728 1,769
and bicycle.
Solid and cushion tires:
Truck and bus for highway trans- ...d o ......... 87 23 r 1,534 876
portation.
Industrial truck, tractor, and ...d o ____ m 232 13 , 74G { 864 1,648
trailer.
I
P o u n d ... 6,994 13,567 I 718 1,601
other tiring.
2,622 3,029 3,884 4,659 5,534 7,625
Shoes and overshoes, rubber...........— ...d o ____ 32,984 37,810 41,599 23,042 30,384 32,602
Shoes, canvas, with rubber soles___ __do____ 29,689 23.955 31,519 13,813 12,343 18,042
Heels, for sale as such......................... ...d o ____ 272,504 278,369 295,081 11,119 11,594 16,286
Soles, iucl. composition or fiber____ ...d o ____ 91,996 09,660 72,476 8,316 7,259 10,750
Rubberized fabrics, sold as such or on
hand:
Automobile and carriage................. Sq. yard- 8,620 6,227 0,000 3,362 1,874 2,123
62,631 66,119 63,608 14,836 18,186 19,509
Belting.............................. -........... .. P o u n d ... 30; 628 4S; 303 68,706 12! 028 20; 498 32,060
18,074 26,626 40,410
Packing........... ~................................. Pound. 9,328 11,409 14,047 1,872 2', 737 3,551
8,242 12,387 15,963
9,928 14) 032 16,711
8l) 912 122)232 164)486
Reclaimed rubber produced9______ P o u n d ... « 266,786 399,629 « 11,774 19,738
>Includes data for a small quantity of casings and tubes other than for motor vehicles, motorcycles, and
bicycles.
a Including reclaimed rubber transferred to other plants of same company.
»No comparable data.

PRIN TING AND P U B L ISH IN G 851
No. 8 4 1 .— P rinting and P u b lish in g— R e c e ip t s and C irculation
PUBLICATIONS
192) 1931 1933 1935 1937
Value (thousands of dollars)
' Total...................................................... 2,711,607 2,184,813 1,505,484 1.865, 524 2, 182,922
Newspapers and periodicals, printed and
published or published only..................... 1,680,565 1,203,777 937,114 1,089,811 1,269,524
Newspapers............................................
Periodicals, other than newspapers___
1,073,119
507,445
886,523 067,820 760,247 861,689
407,254 260,294 329, 564 407,835
Subscriptions and sales........-________ 460,326 425, 267 307,440 403,691 459,469
Advertising.............................................. 1,120,238 868,510 569,074 686,120 810,054
Books and pamphlets, printed and published
or published only1_____ _______ 215,552 158,642 96,905 136,481 108, 257
Newspapers, periodicals, books, and pamphlets,
printed for publication by others 129,518 158,737 101,372 130,580 144,820
General job printing, composition sold to
the trade, ready prints, and paper pat-
. terns________ ______________________ 786,971 3576,657 3 371,093 3 507,084 3697,876
Manifolding done in printing establishments_____________
______ _ . . . ____ M
c*) 1,500 2,446
Aggregate circulation per issue (average for the year)
Newspapers and periodicals:
Daily............................. ........................... 42.947,824 42,124,661 38,424,281 41.552,243 44,135, G58
Sunday...................... -____ _________ 29.011,648 27,453,465 25,453,894 29.190,006 32,713,298
Triweekly............................................... 311,777 215,694 165,703 142,928 264,343
Semiweekly.............................................. 2,982,184 2,037,126 2,836,089 3,852,640 3,481.822
Weekly.................................................. 53,378,350 40,954,782 51,413,509 57,032,676 73,177, 172
133,048,488 122,670, 528 103,192,794 102,103,740 126,864,213
20,606,002 10, 675, 617 23,237,657 23, 277,089 25,808,324
All other classes...................................... 11,614,356 8,353, 006 6,334,280 7,068,599 14,456,796
i Includes books of music printed and published or published only. For 1929 and 1931, includes value of
sheet music published by establishments that did no printing and value of music printed for others.
i The inclusion of this Item results in duplication in the total valuo of products since it represents amounts
paid by publishers for work done for them, and consequently enters into the production cost and the “ Value
of products” (receipts for subscriptions and sales and advertising), reported by the publishers.
3 In addition, lithographed or engraved paper patterns, music, maps and atlases, labels, tags, and greoting
cards valued at $24,691,000 in 1931, $21,287,000 in 1033, $33,026,000 in 1936, and $30,780,000 in 1937, were reported
by establishments in other industries.
* No comparable data.
N o. 8 4 2 .— E n g in es, T u r b in e s, W ater W h e e l s, W ind m ills, and L ocomotives—
V a l u e, by K in d : 1929 to 1937
[In thousands of dollars]
CLASS
1 m
1931 1933 1935
1937
Total. 291,768
Steam engines and turbines.........................
Reciprocating marine._____________
Reciprocating stationary and portable.
Stationary turbines................................
Marine turbines......... ................ ...........
Not reported as to typo........................ .
Internal-combustion engines (not including tractors)____
Diesol and semi-Diesel type—
Marine (Diesel)........................................-...............
Other.........................................................................
Other internal-combustion engines—
Marine—
Inboard....................... — ----------------------
Outboard-............... ............. ..............................
Motor-vehicle1.......................... ................................
Other stationary and portable- - -...........................
Aircraft engines3..........................-............................
Windmills................................................................................
Water wheels and water turbines___________ -..................
Engines and turbines not speoifiecl as to kind of power—
Looomotives, steam, electric, and internal-combustion___
32,469
} 5,181 {
} 27,278 {
166,634
11,430
15,360
7,852
50, 654
49, 251
24,966
4, 063
5,028
675
82,009
104,849 42,888 104,316
14,893
493
1,634
8,427
4,339
68,279
4,876
0,978
5,628
2,352
16,424
19,341
13,780
1,214
6,889
313,073
8,443 11,180
161 244
435 1,130
6,670
1,505
} 9,798
672
29,624
1,828
3,326
049
1,249
4,147
0,406
8,719
1,400
483
191
2,748
66,429
6,137
11,868
2,237
2,385
6,583
24,610
12,010
1,833
3,263
870
21,735
221,481
19,087
103
2,633
12,861
3,400
131,651
12,148
20,118
3,204
4,519
11,277
42,807
28,577
2,613
2, 967
05,163
i Excluding engines built for installation in motor vehiclos manufactured in the same establishments.
3 Excluding engines built for installation in aircraft manufactured In the same establishment.
* Not including value of electric locomotivos.
Source of tables 841 and 842: Departm ent of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial
Census of Manufactures.

852 MANUEtAOTURES
.' ' ;a*
No. 8 4 8 .— M a c h i n e r y — V a l u e o f t h e P r i n c i p a l C l a s s e s M a n u f a c t u r e d
N ote.—In thousands of dollars. The various classes of machinery listed are products of a number of
industries, such as "Machinery not elsewhere classified,” "Motor vehicles,” "Electrical machinery,
apparatus, and supplies,” etc. This table is not an industry presentation, but a special presentation
giving value of products for groups designated. The values are in part duplicated in other tables In this
abstract, suoh as tables 844 to 848
CLASS
Agricultural machinery.......... .......................................
Aircraft (begun and completed within year)..... ...........
Bakers’ machinery and equipment.............................
Blowers and fans............ __............................................
Bottlers’ machinery, except for dairies.......................
Canning machinery____ _______________________
Cash registers, adding, calculating, and card-tabulating
machines, and typewriters__________________
Cement and concrete machinery:
Cement-maldng machinery.................... ................
Concrete mixers................................. .....................
Other cement and concrete machinery_________
Clay-working machinery (briek, pottery, eto.)______
Condensers............................................... .....................
Confectionery and ice-cream machinery___________
Conveying and elevating machinery:
Buoket type............................................................
Bolt type______ __________ _____ _________
O ther.--_______________________________ ...
Cotton-ginning machinery......................... ...................
Cranes (including hoists and derricks)_____________
Dairy machinery.............................................. .............
Dredging and excavating machinery:
Powor shovels___ ________ ______ _________
Other_________________________________ ...
Electrical machinery (generators, motors, and fens,
including parts).___ _________________________
Elevators and elevator machinery________________
Engines (steam or intemol-combustion), turbines, and
water wheels-....... .....................................................
Flour-mill and grain-mill machinery_____ _________
Glass-making machinery.
Hydraulic machinery (other than for dredging) -.......
Laundry maohinery (for commercial laundries only).
Lawn mowers...............................................................
Leather-working machinery, other than shoe.............
Machine tools................................................................ .
Metal-working maohinery, other than machine tools..
Mining machinery (not including well drilling or
dredging).........................................................- ...........
Motorcycles, side cars, bicycles, and parts_________
Motor vehicles, exoept motorcyoles..............................
Oil-mill maolilnsry, cottonseed, and other....................
Oil-well maohinery (including drilling) and other welldrilling
machinery and aupplies..............................
Packing-house maohinery.
Paper-mill and pulp-mill machinery...........................
Pneumatic machinery (other than pneumatio tools):
Air compressors!___________________________
Other pnenmatlo machinery_________________
Printers’ maohinery.........— .....................— ..............
Pumps (hand and power) and pumping equipment..
Refrigerators, mechanical..............................................
Refrigerating and ice-making machinery (complete
machines)................ — ...........
Road-meking maohinery................................................
Rubber-working machinery.......................... .............
Scales and balances____________________________
Sewing machines___ ________ _____________ ____
Shoe machinery____ __________ ___________ ___
Slot-vending machines........................................—........
Stokers, mechanical.....................................................
Sugar-mill maohinery.....................................................
Textile machinery and parts.........................................
Transmission machinery................ ..............................
Vacuum cleaners (electric).............................................
Washing machines, clothes wringers, driers, and
ironing machines for domestic use.._____________
Windmills___________________ _____ __________
Woodworking machinery________________________ i
1626 1031 1933 1936
167,673 40,054 17,109 68,016
52,157 22,308 15; 850 17,454
21,730 10,876 7,332 11,860
25,243 16,323 6,055 15,830
11,082 6,053 9,167 8,204
8,636 4,065 3,139 8,271
161,683 02,270 146,677 83,217
4,387 1,570 546 1,646
11,406 • 4,367 003 2,416
4,132 1,467 224 li 800
4,402 1,671 601 1,071
4,386 2,600 000 1,207
3,674 3,800 2,007 6,062
0,387 2,606 2,107 2,010
14, 206 7,168 3,463 3,935
24,644 12,261 6,844 16,091
11,760 2,630 2,165 4,802
67,840 18,448 6,007 13,227
16,693 11,388 8,327 14,804
43,348 18.600 4,510 12,560
*17,307 111,578 3,643 7,468
285,974 138,426 73,406 161,501
44,044 20,035 8,322 9,110
204,796 00,002 38,740 80,748
8,286 4,342 2,354 5 ,167
3,688 2,645 1,806 3,543
10,082 4,540 1,540 5' 503
28,893 14,637 5,080 11,051
10,953 6,141 3,467 4) 087
1,240 816 747 i nnfi
82,909 13,073 2,748 21, 73R
186,374 58,712 23,936 87,412
50,330 36,204 13,630 S3,888

ELECTRICAL PRODUCTS 853
No. 8 4 4 .— E l e c t r i c a l M a c h i n e r y , A p p a r a t u s , a n d S u p p l i e s — V a l u e , b y
C l a s s e s : 1929 t o 1937
[In thousands of dollars]
P R O D U C T 1929 1031 1933 1935 1937
Total value. 1,918,733 987,643
Generating apparatus, except railway and vohicle
power generators.........................................................
Motor-generator sets and dynamotors (not including
arc welding sets).........................................................
Transformers, current-limiting reactors, and induction-voltage
regulators (except measuring-instrument
transformers)--.................................................
Storage batteries and parts and supplies....................
Dry batteries and wet primary batteries and parts
and supplies................................................................
Switchboard apparatus (circuit breakers, panelboards,
switchboards, and switches)........................
Measuring instruments, meters, relays, analyzers,
and instrument and meter transformers___ _____
Insulated wire and cable and armored conductor___
Conduits and fittings.....................................................
Fuses and fuse blocks (except high-voltage and power
types, 2,300 volts and over)........................................
Stationary motors.................................. —
Fractional horsepower................................ —
One horsepower and over;
Direct current..........................................................
Alternating current......................- .........................
Not reported by kind or rating........ .........................
Automotive starter motors (not including vehicle
motors or control switches)...........-..........................-
Fans (direct motor-driven)................-.........................
Control apparatus (except railway and vehicle controllers,
all types)........................................................
Lamps (not Including sockets and other fittings)
and vacuum tubes......................................................
Industrial apparatus and appliances (electric furnaces
and heating and welding apparatus)3.............
Commercial cooking apparatus................................... -
Household apparatus and appliances.........................
Vaouum cleaners, electric..........................................
Flatirons..................................................................
Cooking utensils..............................-..........................
Ranges, disc stoves, and hot plates-.....................
Air beaters, radiant and convector type..................
Water heaters (for permanent installation) and
parts and accessories...............................................
Other..........................................................................
Wiring devices................................................ -.............
Wiring vsupplies................................. -.........................
Electrotherapeutic and electromedical (including
dental) apparatus and X-ray apparatus (oxclusive
of X-ray tubes)............................................................
Flashlight oases................................... . .........................
Ignition apparatus for internal-combustion engines,.
Lightning arresters and choke coils........................—
Radio parts (coils, condensers, etc.).............................
Rectifying apparatus.....................................................
Signaling apparatus, electric.........................................
Telephone and telegraph apparatus...................-........
Other................................................................................
01,110
13,397
84, 032
109, 601
40, 334
81, 201
38, 523
323, 982
46,708
14, 036
136, 035
51, 252
22, 619
62, 163
32, 849
10,190
44, 289
85, 320
20, 095
2, 250
84, 485
35,108
8, 018
13, 341
16, 933
1, 833
1, 640
7, 612
38, 395
22, 296
17, 040
23, 555
7,050
58, 627
6, 515
(*)
4,259
34, 820
166, 203
310,763
25,287
6,007
42,742
65,736
20,200
44,832
22,715
126,160
27,464
7,761
68,430
33,648
9,060
25,722
13,044
8,084
22,186
70, 502
11,321
1.439
55, 578
24,847
5,070
8,250
9,043
1,012
1,316
6.440
21,778
10,339
9, 512
0,164
2,171
27,894
3,257
(3)
2,871
17,486
113,170
129, 631
529,486
12, 794
2, 201
13,004
52,129
15, 315
16, 243
9, 328
65,637
14, 092
4,825
41,173
23,740
3,622
13, 574
230
9,032
2,437
15,165
60,142
7,975
625
36,707
14,411
4,639
5,311
4,189
362
432
7,365
17,796
4, 702
8, 997
4, 389
1, 870
23, 432
1, 502
(*)
1,723
0,432
21,180
67,802
918,216
34,593
5,862
34,357
65,901
19,817
36,188
23, 486
122,226
23,095
5,013
72,668
37,806
8,489
26,373
i 25,300
6,666
28,230
67,561
20,701
1,491
72,704
24,191
6,554
8,922
14,196
677
3,630
14,733
24,583
12,346
12,470
9,243
3,571
40,528
2,871
26,406
3,046
12,146
43,584
61,544
1,847, 224
77, 558
10,832
91,970
78, 260
24, 627
88, 743
41,114
245,342
39,443
7,117
143, 606
75, 775
15, 029
62, 202
20, 540
15, 505
47,388
81,990
35, 673
2,765
112, 275
36, 020
8, 909
16, 482
25,037
1,201
5,605
19,012
32,003
23,607
20,432
16, 290
5, 772
58,201
5,983
47,328
5,025
22,043
115,883
129,789
1Includes values of parts and supplies.
2 Motor-driven machine tools are classified in the “ Machine tools” industry.
2 No data.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.

8 5 4 MAmritAOT-U'EBS
N o . 8 4 5 .— F arm. E q u ip m e n t — P r o d u c t io n , b t C l a s s a n d K i n d : 1937, 1938,
a n d 1939
C L A S S
. N U M B E R
1837 1938 1939
V A L U E (THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
1937 1938 1939
All products, total value.
Plows and listers. _.
Moldboard plows
Disk plows_____
O ther1.................
Harrows, rollers, p ul verizers ,and sfcalkcutters
Disk burrows........... .....................................
Spike-tooth and spring-tooth harrow sections.........
..................................................
Soil pulverizers and packers..................
O th e rs.................................. , .........
P l a n t i n g a n d f e r t i l i z i n g machinery_________
Corn planters.........................................
Combination corn and cotton planters-—
Grain drills....................................................
Manure spreaders............................ «...___
O ther1............... ....
Cultivators a n d w eedeTs........................ ..............
Horse-drawn cultivators................. -...........
Tractor-drawn cultivators_____________
Field cultivators_______ . _____________
Garden cultivators, hand____ ______
O ther1....... ...... ..............................................
ffarvestxn| machinery..................
Grain binders.-.........................
Combines (harvester-threshers)
Corn binders (row-binders)___
Corn pickers................... .......
O ther1............... . ...
Haying machinery.. . . . . ....... ..
Mowers...................................................
Hakes, sulky, side delivery, and sweep,
L o a d e rs................................ .........................
Othctr L .................................................
Machines for preparing crops for market or use
Gram threshers.-.................................
Ensilage and feed cutters.......................
Corn shellers..............................................
Corn huskers and shredders.......................
Hay presses...................................................
Feed grinders and crashers..........................
O ther1_____ _________ _______________
Tractors_____ _____________________
Wheel typo....................................................
Track-laying type— ...................................
Garden tractors............................................
Attachments and parts...........................
Engines, internal-combustion (except automotive
and marine) __..........................
Engines..........................................................
Attachments and parts...............................
Farm wagons and trucks_________________
Farm wagons...... ..........................................
Farm tracks................................. ...............
Other1______ ______
_
Miscellaneous eq u ip m e n t.._______ ______
Milking machines____________________
Cream separators___________ _________
Spraying outfits (power).............................
Elevators, farm (portable)...........................
Water systems, pneumatic.........................
Pumps, water____ ____ ________ ______
Windmills and windmill towers...............
Barn and barnyard equipment...................
Poultry-farm equipment..................__........
Beekeepers' supplies...........................
Corncribs.......................................................
Grain bins....................................................
Forks, hoes, and rakes.................................
Shovels, spades, and scoops......................
Lawn mowers................................................
Lighting plants, electric, residence, e tc .....
Silos.........................................................
Wheel barrows..............................................
Other1...................................... .................
1Including attachments and parts*
3 N ot strictly comparable with earlier years.
465,607
28,530
135,544
400,224
19,517
77,384
78,461
57,000
60,057
217,418
127,188
11,774
233,230
31,250
29,403
16,694
13,586
1 2 5 ,8 5 2
84,780
27,256
4,096
12,168
65,253
1,946
5,725
62,018
237,837
34,602
10,716
282,643
57,560
48,563
21,502
84,246
8 ,007
4,142
195,486
726,090
87,713
2,922
1 ,248,898
37,156
9,631
330,764
313,416
22,549
103,421
313,274
15,878
61,117
57,051
41,242
27,344
158,958
90,760
11,488
271,951
47,019
48,046
12,765
16,722
70,225
59,429
17,481
8, G49
13,269
50,337
1,576
3 ,5Q5
53,235
172,437
16,837
9,949
240,625
16,407
84, 545
193,329
10,166
40,012
33,982
23,384
33,363
102,320
63,647
6,004
205,078
15,242
41,537
5,535
16, 044
73, i n
43, 566
1 5 ,35Q
2,781
31,673
57,897
1,722
4,540
75,692
185, 558
20,127
9, 777
186,447 244,848
22,389 30,720
21,756 21,416
18,787
71,632
6,122
4,066
176,184
511,485
63,444
6,525
1,128,373
21,349
7,560
345,593
22,798
63,229
8,188
5,103
2-11,664
B89,308
67,098
34,605
1,250,958
2 96,755
6,775
378,796
5 8 0 ,049 490,013 474,220
S3,042 26, B18 20,305
15,637 12,644 8,719
4,165 3,446 2,641
1 3 ,3 4 0 10,728 9,046
10, 053 13, 303 11, 723
9,745 7,595 0,447
3,520 2, 671 1,702
1,019 835 590
2,363 2,201 2,985
27, 526 20,246 14,367
3,693 3, 111 2,143
1,900 1 ,625 793
7,045 5,926 2,889
7,217 2,967 4 .158
7,071 6, 618 4,383
22,231 16,871 12,290
3,701 2,610 1,526
10,937 7,947 5,832
1,285 1,237 656
457 447 368
5, 760 4, 030 3, m
46, 602 71, 622 49,020
5,371 9 ,457 3,020
21,284 35,628 25,473
2,821 2, 256 974
6,172 6,902 0,484
10,953 17, 281 13,069
19,740 14, 604 14,256
8 , 0 1 6 6 , 0 2 6 5 ,1 8 8
4,302 3,038 2, 502
2,558 1, 580 1, 532
4,806 4,960 5,035
20,472 22, 572 19, 022
4,049 7,438 2,605
2,220 2,714 2,020
900 915 1,073
900 638 730
2,137 1,455 1,223
3,134 3,106 4, GG8
7,062 6, 307 7,303
288,304 196,218 203, 676
159,686 110,882 110,857
66,418 33, 772 45,305
1,575 1,346 1,416
40, 715 44, 220 45,999
20,849 15,411 18,738
18,597 13,351 15,755
2,251 2,060 2,983
S, 665 4,394 5,230
3,656 1,372 1,765
1 ,8 4 9 8 5 1 6 2 3
3,060 2,171 2 , M l
95,975 88,054 105,101
1,216 1,239 1,418
3,812 2,921 1,759
1,591 1,540 2,040
924 1,411 1,045
9,549 8,151 11,755
3,573 2,449 2,733
3,546 2, 576 2,732
4,997 4,370 5,450
6,516 5,248 7,437
1,244 1,165 1,284
578 589 3,652
282 070 4,302
7,543 5,845 0,054
7,274 5,824 6,073
8,427 9,103 9,691
4,338 3,143 3 5,006
3,952 3,189 2,818
1,404 1,505 1,503
25,209 27,104 28,288
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report, Manufacture and Sale of Farm
Eauipment and Related Products.

M A C H IN E TOOLS 855
N o . 8 A 6 .—- M a c h in e T o o ls— P r o d u c t io n , b y K i n d : 1933, 1935, a n d 1937
K IN D
NUMBER
V A L U E (T H O U S A N D S OF
D O L L A R S )
1 9 3 3 1 9 3 6 1 9 3 7 1 9 3 8 1935 1 937
Machine tools and replacement and repair parts,
total value.............................................................. 3 9 , 631 9 8 ,9 8 3 2 2 0 ,5 0 8
f 2 Q27
6 0 4 }
/ 10, 716
9 7 6 4 , 530
} «
\ 2 529
\ ! 4 ,3 4 5
Drilling machines:
CO CO (0
9 6 7 6 , 2 3 7 1 1 ,8 8 8
Combined vertical 'and horizontal, automatic, uni-
(0 CO (0
6 6 9 1 ,9 6 8 5 ,3 6 7
(0 (9 (0 4 7 7 2 , 1 1 9 3 ,9 3 1
(0 9 1 ,8 5 6 1 , 0 3 0 4 , 0 7 3 1 0 ,8 6 0
CO CO (9 3 , 6 2 7 1 3 ,2 1 1 2 8 ,1 7 7
Lathes: ’
Portable tools (electric and pneumatic):
Drills: .
Other, including portable motor-driven garage oquip-
J 1 2 , 1 7 4 1 4 ,6 6 3
r 1 ,1 5 3 1 ,9 1 1
} 3 , 2 8 3
\
} 1 .4 2 6
2 , 6 0 7 7 ,2 6 1 I 3 ,9 8 9 1 2 ,7 0 9
2 4 2 (i) (9 1 , 1 8 5 9 , 9 8 6 2 3 ,7 1 6
201 (9 3 , 1 3 8 5 1 6 3 , 6 3 7 1 3 ,5 3 2
(0 (9 7 6 8 792 3 ,2 4 6
5 ,0 6 1 1 , 3 4 1 6 ,9 5 6 1 9 ,5 8 6
(9
(9
2 4 , 1 1 6
( 0
11, 2 6 2

8 5 6 M A IT U 1?1A .C T T J'K E S
No. 848.— R e f r ig e r a t in g a n d I ce-M a k in g A p p a r a t u s— P r o d u c t io n
PRODUCT
NUMBER
VALUE (THOUSANDS
OF DOLLARS)
1935 1937 1935 1937
' 226, 611 ' 375,408
Mechanical refrigerators and refrigerating systems, compression-type
(electric):
Domestic (household):
Sell-contained, total.................................. ........................ '119,873 ' 183,574
Capacity under 6 cu, ft......................... ..................... 875,397 1,093,020 00, 003 84,458
8 cu. ft. or more but under 10 cu. ft........................... 536,308 991,022 55,182 95,980
10 cu. ft. and over.......................... ................. 11,688 12,102 2,428 2,390
1,350 734
' 8,344 ' 20,073
5,446
Water coolers, self-contained___________ __________ (>)
Ice-cream cabinets, self-contained:
14, 220
03,053
(8)
2,026 4,553
47,028 2.002 8,377
600 100
O ther commercial refrigerators and display cases,
0) (3) 3,648 2,498
Systems s high sides, low sides, etc. (commercial and
domestic):
Systems complete without cab in ets.............................. 242,240 279, 045 11,047 11,680
Compressors made for sale separately............................. 54,875 198,510 3,910 ■9,540
Evaporators made for sale separately:
67,986 806,973 1, 573 3,145
550 1,355
7,207 12,451
Room coolers (not air conditioning)................................. (*) (•) (*) 1,130
Cabinets,! display cases etc., for mec"hanioal refrigerators,
made for sale separately:
314,394 520,007 9,497 17,163
Commercial:
Refrigerator cabinets:
Nmrihar reported 13,789 45,469 1,151 6,737
2,590 1,781
Display, storage, etc., cases:
8,021 26,953 3,711 13,418
3,53ft 2,905
Remote fountain or water coolers, with low sides
1,296 3,116
Ice refrigerators and ice boxes:
Domestic (household):
Number reported._______ ________________ _______ 308,970 394,550 6.662 9,920
233 61
■Commercial tee refrigerators, water coolers, milk coolers,
Ice-making and refrigerating machines and apparatus, commer-
3,223
7,962
5,354
11,539
Complete machines (ice-making capacity per 24 hours):
Less than 10 tons:
10 tons or more hut under 100 tons:
Compressors and evaporators made for sale separately as
such:
4,497 10,195
2,460
189
4,890
• 560
847 1,751 2,825 3,403
370 117
(>) P) 727 505
70,842 10,300 738 762
654 1,243
Condensing units (high sides) for air-conditioning, .......... ...........

RADIOS' AND PHONOGRAPHS 8 5 7
No. 849.— R a d io s , R a d io T u b e s , a n d P h o n o g r a p h s — P r o d u c t io n : 1935
a n d 1937
PRODUCT
NUMBER
VALUE (THOU­
SANDS OF DOLT. ARS)
ms 1937 1933 1937
Radios, radio tubes, and phonographs, total value 1206,633 i 288,620
Receiving sets complete (oabinets, chassis, speakers, and tubes).
Number reported.................. ........................ ...........................
Number not reported..............
■„........
For home and genera use.
Number reported___
Number not reported.
Covering standard broadcast band:
Sooket-power-operated..................
Battery-operated...........................
Extending beyond standard broadcast bond—all-wave receiving
sets:
Sooket-powor-operatod:
Number reported...........................................................
Number not reported................ -....... -________ ____
Battery-operated..:_________________________ ____
Automobile sets............................................................... ...........
For general use:
Factory price not over $26------------- ------ --------------- ------
Over $26......................................................................................
For police use:
Police sets.............................................................................
Aircraft sets (including all accessory equipment except batteries)
, commercial receiving sets and direotlon finders, and
other sots not specified above..—.................... ........ ............. .
Number reported.................................. .............................
Number not reported...................... — ............. .
Radio-phonograph combinations_______________________
Tubes:
Receiving tubes__________________________________ ____
For replacement____________________ ____ __________
Rectifiers (primarily (or use with receiving sets)________
Other tubes.......................................... ................ ........ ........
For Initial equipment............................................................
Rectifiers (primarily for use with receiving sets)...............
Other tubes............................................................................
Transmitting tubes tor initial equipment and for replacement-
Reotifier tubes not included above:
Low-power, 600 watts and under..___ ____________ ____
Higb-power, above 600 watts---------------- 1_____
Transmitters (including all associated equipment):
Broadcast...............................................................
A ircraft..................................... ............................
Ship......................................................................... .
Other transmitters, for use at fixed looations.......
Phonographs and aooessories:
Phonographs for mechanical reproduction, including oabinets
Records.......................................................................... ...............
Needles..................................................-.............................—___
8,046,102 7,802,300 1184,674
132,084
1,000
4,307,804
8,843,600
6,813,669
1,280,210 2,048,273
187,020 235,010
2,700,788 3,200,083
250,821 273,164
1,221,708 1,890,841
1,040,006 1,810,601
177,663 73,071
3,149 0,269
"2,288 10,182
23,302.........67,"157*
78,231,142
36,769,390
3,762,328
33,007,008
41,401,746
2,020,166
38,638,680
(!)
8
112,218,139
41,472,438
4,178,024
37,294,414
70,745,701
4,780,449
05,965,252
(?)
79,057
41,003
104,810
103,603
1, 253
14,008
4,838
76,742
1, 253
7,028
26,660
176,736
176, 380
1,366
131, 626
131, 626
20, 629
3,665
01, 472
6,860
38, 679
20,812 36,162
4,520 2,142
218 376
1,841
051
1,190
2,401
28,976
12,954
1,203
11,751
16,021
1,110
14,902
1,874
653
159
(»> 401
(!) 640 1,004
1, 260
3,118
2,107
.3,708
209
1,903
607
1,356
4,667
39, 251
15,482
1,760
13,722
23,709
1,001
22,168
3,005
300
. 242
3, 206
1,770
1,089
7,086
7,823
583
Kiacellaueous:
Receiving-set chassis for sale separately as such ________ 277,722 4,130 5,485
Loud spealcors for salo separately as such!...............................
5,610 9,213
Microphones (all types)................................ -.........
455 094
Public-address and music-distribution apparatus.....................
2,784 3,096
Other apparatus and products (lnoluding dictating machines,
phonographs for electrical reproduction of records, including
cabinets and tubes, and other miscellaneous products)___
18,884 25,032
1 Includes some duplication. See footnote 3.
i D ata incomplete,
J The Items to which this footnote is indexod are duplicated in the subtotal and the total at the bead ol
the table, to the extent to which the products were sold to manufacturers of complete radio receiving sets
for installation in such sets made within the year covered by the report.
Source: Department of Commorco, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial Census of Manufactures.
207706”— 41-------50

8 5 8 MANUFIACTU'KGS
N o . 8 5 0 .— M o to r V e h ic le s and A ir c r a ft— P rod u ction : 1933, 1935, and
1937
J
i
PRODUCT
NUMBER
VALUE (THOUSANDS OP
DOLLARS)
1933 1935 1937 1933 1935 1987
MOTOR VEHICLES AND CHASSIS
T o ta l. ................................................................. 1,848,013 3,923,052 4, 732, 553 928,650 2,152,980 2,848,786
P a s s e n g e r v e h ic le s ( n o t i n c lu d in g p u b lic
c o n v e y a n c e s ) — ........................................... 1.533,566 3, 211,734 3,847,800 752,700 1,762,138 2 ,2 9 6 ,5 tl
C lo s e d .......................................................................... 1,516,343 3,191,877 3, 827,517 744, 268 1, 739,271 2, 281,131
O p e n ............ .............................................................. 17,223 19,857 20,283 8 ,432 12,866 15,380
M o to r b u s s e s ( in c lu d in g sc h o o l, s ig h ts e e -
in g , a n d p u b l i c - u t i l i t y ) .................................... 1,574 4,817 7.665 6 ,9 4 8 27,176 47,176
T r u c k s .............................................................................. 213,683 505.220 692,144 110,705 271,202 356,683
H e a r s e s a n d u n d e r ta k e r s ’ w a g o n s ................... 825 1,681 2 ,6 0 4 1,911 3,769 6,206
A m b u la n c e s .................................................................. 418 253 467 520 589 1,155
T r u c k tra c to r s .............................. .............................. 1,633 2,404 1,786 3,203 5,028 2,785
T a x ic a b s a n d c o m m e rc ia l v e h ic le s n o t
s p e c ifie d a b o v e ........................................................ 6,281 3,295 4,300 5.245 3,570 3,637
F i r e - d e p a r t m e n t a p p a r a tu s ......... ............... ........ 244 538 985 1,476 2,811 5,808
O th e r v o liio le s a n d a p p a r a tu s (In c lu d in g
s tr e e t- c le a n in g a p p a ra tu s , e t c . ) ..................... 46 124 397 219 762 1,036
C h a s s is .................................................................. ....... 90,743 103,010 264, 345 45,603 85,040 127,729
Passenger................................................... 8,756 40, 596 36, 423 3,875 13,453 12,704
Commercial.......................- ....................... 81,804 151, 075 220, 205 41, 569 71,702 113,223
Bus.............................................................. 183 739 3,717 210 785 1,802
AIRCRAFT
25,619 40,882 101,620
Aircraft begun and completed within the
y e a r1........................................................... 1,179 1,305 3,100 15, 800 17,454 38,664
Airplanes.................................................. 1,056 1,313 f 13,359 14, 895
Seaplanes and amphibians....................... 68 41 \ 2,221 2,347
O ther........................... ...... ........................ 55 11 in 280 213 89
Value of work done during census year on
2,486 14,069 33,776
J ' 375 2,832 8 , 228
5 ,8 9 8 Oi 527 20,852
1For 1933, roported as “ Built in 1933;” for 1935, as "Begun and completed in 1935;” for 1937, as “ Begun
and completed in 1937.”
» Tho term "aircraft under construction” includes all aircraft (1) begun prior to the census year and
finished during the census year, (2) begun prior to the census year and not completed during the year, or
(3) begun during the census year and not completed at the close of the census year. Only the value of
work done during the census year is reported. 1
N o . 8 5 1 . — B i c y c le s — P r o d u c t i o n : 1899 t o 1937
YEAR Number Value YEAR Number Value
1899 „ _ ....................... 1,182,691 $23,656,487 1925...................... 303, 440
1904 ............................... 250,487 3,740,923 1927.................................... . 255,450
1900 ............................... 233,707 3, 228,189 1020.......... ............... 307,845
1914 ............................... 398.899 6, 301,230 1931................................... 200, 029
1919 ............................... 470,103 112,498,000 1933...................... . a 320,000
1021 ........................................ * 216,464 20, 218,394 1935.................................... 056,828
1923 ................................... 486,177 10,726,900 1937...................... 1,130,736
$7,030,566
5,803,440
6,183.773
4,733,254
15, 402,000
12,059,867
22,223,431
1Estimated in small port.
1 Not including data for bicycles made by certain establishments engaged primarily in other lines of
manufacture, not reported separately. The combined value of bicycles and parts made by these establishments
amounted to $176,404.
> Estimated in part.
Source of tables 850 and 861: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; reports of Biennial Census
of Manufactures.

COTTON 859
N o. 8 5 2 .— C o tto n Spindles, C o tto n C onsum ption, and S to c k s
N o t e .— T he statistics tor 1918 to 1940 relate to the 12 months ended July 31 and those for prior years to
the 12 months ended Aug. 31. Consumption and stocks are expressed in running bales, counting round
as half bales, except that all figures, 1840 to 1870, inclusive, and foreign cotton for all years are in equivalent
600-pound bales. The number of activo cotton spindles represents spindles operated at some time during
the year, and is not as satisfactory a measure of activity of the industry as aotivo spindle hours
y e a r
T o ta l
in
p la c e
COTTON SPINDLES (THOUSANDS)
U n ite d
S ta te s
A c tiv e
C o tto n -
g ro w in g
S ta te s
N o w
E n g ­
la n d
O th e r
S ta te s
S p in ­
d le s
u s in g
c o tto n
w ith
o th e r
fib e rs
( t h o u ­
s a n d s )
A c tiv e
c o tto n
s p in d le
h o u rs
( th o u ­
s a n d s)
COTTON CONSUMED, EXCLUDING
LINTERS * (THOUSANDS OF BALES)
U n ite d
S ta te s
C o t to n ­
g ro w in g
S ta te s
N e w
E n g ­
l a n d
O th e r
S ta te B
1840................. c ) 2,285 181
1 850................ o 3 ,098 266
I8 6 0 ................ p ) 5,236 324
1870.................
7 ,1 3 2 328
1880— ............. .8 *10,653 •661
1890..................
14,384 1,670
1900................. 8 19,472 4,368
1910................. 28,929 28,207 10,494
1920.................
1924.................
1928.................
36,834
37,804
37,029
85,481
35,849
85,032
15,231
16,944
17,202
1926 ..........................
37,680 34,750 17,574
1927 ..........................
36,090 84,410 17,894
1928 .......................... 36,640 83,570 .......................... 18,282
1929 ..........................
34,820 32,417
1930 ..........................
34, 026 31,245
1031.............
1632.................
32,078
31,709
28,980
27,272
1933 ..........................
30,893 26,895
1934 ..........................
30,042 27,742
1936................. 30,093 26,701
1936 ..........................
28,147 24,664
1937 ..........................
20,982 25,419
1938 ..........................
20,372 24,774
1 9 3 9 -...........
1940...............
25,201
24, 750
23,731
23,586
18,541
18, 686
18,073
.17,680
17,929
18,511
18,212
17,834
18,244
18,128
17,068
17,641
1,697
2,959
3,869
5,498
■8,632
10,934
13,171
16,735
18, 287
17,006
15,975
15,526
14,995
13,815
12,538
11,351
9,655
8,666
8,205
8,457
7,763
6,092
6,425
5,919
5,408
5,279
506
776
1,063
1,306
>1,400
1,880
1,933
2,038
1,963
1,830
1,705
1,650
1,521
1,473
1,339
1,308
1,251
1,076
761
774
720
738
761
727
667
006
8
8
8 402
258
251
243
235
232
207
177
117
118
119
120
88
78
01
00
110
103
P )
p )
P )
P )
P )
p )
p )
p i
84,
01,055
93,941
102,605
96,451
99,604
87,515
75,204
68,755
85,265
80,410
72, 626
83,960
101, 225
74,962
87,090
97,006
237
576
845
797
■1, 670
2,518
3,873
4,022
0,420
5,681
0,193
0,466
7,190
0,834
7,091
0,106
6,203
4,866
6,137
5,700
6,361
0,351
7, 950
5,748
6 ,8 5 8
7,784
71
78
94
69
*180
530
1, 523
2, 234
3, 583
3,858
4,220
4, 500
5,194
5,114
5, 392
4, 749
4,148
4,033
5,087
4, 550
4, 306
6r 336
6,626
4,881
5,810
6,647
160
431
567
551
« 1 ,1 2 9
1, 502
1 ,9 0 9
1,995
2 ,3 0 7
1,636
1,039
1, 628
1 ,0 7 5
1 ,4 3 8
1,447
1,143
937
077
884
985
818
832
1,073
708
859
918
7
87
184
177
•2 6 2
477
440
393
440
287
335
328
321
282
251
214
179
155
107
105
237
184
261
160
180
219
CONSUMPTION (THOUSANDS OP RAI.8B)
C o tto n , e x clu d in g lin te rs
STOCKS IN CONSUMING ESTAB­
LISHMENTS AT END OF YEAR
(THOUSANDS OF BALES)
YEARLY
a v e r a g e
OR YEAR
T o ta l
T o ta l
D o m e stio
U p la n d
Sea
Isla n d
A m e r­
ican -
E g y p ­
tia n
F o re ig n
L in te r s
C o tto n , e x c lu d in g l i n t e r s
T o t a l
D o ­
m e s tic
F o re ig n
L in te r s
1900-1010— 44,829
1911-1915— 5,267
1 0 1 6 -1 9 2 0 ... 0,388
1921-1925— 6,809
1920-1930— 6,735
1 9 3 1 -1 9 3 5 ... 5,466
1 9 2 0 .. .......................... 0,420
4 4,680
6,051
6,105
5,577
6,434
*4,010
• 4,970
• 6,034
5,531
0,419
5.311
6.914
5.312
5,894
0,162
6,859
0,519
6,764
6,790
6,068
4,732
5,985
5,540
6,325
6,003
1924 .......................... 6,681 6,353
1925 .......................... 6,193 6,917
1 9 2 0 .. .......................... 6,450 0,176
1927 .......................... 7,190 0,880
1928 .......................... 6,884 6,536
1929 .......................... 7,091 0,778
1930 .......................... 0,100 5,803
1931 .......................... 5,203 5,084
1932 .......................... 4,866 4,744
1933 .......................... 0,137 0,004
1934 .......................... 5,700 5, 553
1936................. 5,301 5,241 6,229
1936 .......................... 0,361 6,220 .......................... 6,198
1937 .......................... 7,950 7,768 .......................... 7,747
1938 .......................... 6,748 5,016 5,008
1930................. 0, 868 6,730 0,714
1940.. . . ......... 7,784 7,656 7,031
4 64
75
71
0
1
1
43
'64211
8 1
(7) 1
(7)
(7) 2
3
3
(•)
(•)„ 37
15
14
40
30
19
12
20
16
13
13
16
12
18
13
11
21
20
0
19
21
140
206
282
202
301
140
417
328
276
280
309
209
313
302
179
122
133
148
120
131
182
132
122
128
*163
293
734
699
816
720
342
637
659
804
806
780
879
805
714
637
761
707
719
734
819
715
851
1,001

8 6 0 MANUFACTURES
No. 853.— C o t t o n S p in d le A c t i v i t y , 1938,1939, 1940, a n d C o t t o n C o n s u m p ­
t i o n , 1931 t o 1940, b y S t a t e s
Note.—Years ended July 81. Consumption includes domestic and foreign cotton and is in running bales
counting rounds as half bales, except foreign cotton which Is in equivalent 500-pound bales *
COTTON SPINDLES IN
PLACE (THOUSANDS)
ACTIVE COTTON SPINDLE
HOURS (MILLIONS)
COTTON CONSUMED, EXCLUDING
LIN TERS (THOUSANDS O P BALES)
SECTION AND
STATE.
1937-38 1038-39 1939-40 1987-38 1088-39 1939-40
1931-
1935,
average
1936-37 1937-38 1938-39 1939-
40
United States__ n , m 26,281 24, 750 74,862 87,696 97,006 6,466 7,960 6,748 6,858 7,784
Cotton-growing
States............ 18,708 18.319 18,136 59, 776 00,231 76,751 4.425 6,626 4,881 5,810 6,647
New England.. 0,773 0,143 5,884 13, 709 10, 726 18,241 860 1,073 708 859 918
Other States__ 801 790 730 1,477 1,739 2,014 181 251 160 189 219
Alabama........... 1,884 1,811 1,800 6,400 6,507 7,635 570 860 588 727 868
Connecticut__ 590 520 518 2.275 1,301 1,552 60 77, 4G 54 67
Georgia............. 3,243 3,234 3,210 10,152 12, 416 13,554 986 1,662 1,080 1,348 1,565
Maine........... 70S 080 685 1,988 2,246 2,363 111 109 120 147 150
Massachusetts.. 3,700 3,434 3,331 0,072 8,700 9,776 442 530 329 410 471
NowHarapshire. 629 429 307 1,456 1,291 1,150 149 157 118 130 111
Now York........ 355 347 331 • 564 781 934 76 116 66 84 95
North Carolina. 6,0-19 5,866 5,840 17, ISO 20, 507 23,491 1,298 2,021 1.478 1,789 2,040
Rhode Island... 979 973 945 2,100 2,900 3,179 01 120 87 108 111
South Carolina. 5,731 5,619 5,519 20,677 23,244 26,279 1,103 1,611 1,196 1,372 1,536
Tennessee......... 600 550 555 2,306 2.382 2,614 139 191 152 173 191
Texas................ 256 239 237 871 912 960 74 131 119 125 145
•Virginia............ 634 630 610 2,053 2,185 2,142 128 174 146 139 149
All other Stales. 945 911 833 2,233 2,318 2,376 240 326 222 251 284
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; annual report, Cotton Production and Distribution.
N o . 8 5 4 . — E x p lo s iv e s — A m o u n ts ( E x c l u d i n g E x p o r t s ) M a n u f a c t u r e d
a n d S o ld , C o n t i n e n t a l U n i t e d S t a t e s a n d A l a s k a : 1915 t o 1939
N ote.—In thousands of pounds. Permissible explosives are those approved by the Bureau of Mines as
suitablo for use in coal mines 1
TEAR
Total
Permissible
explosives
High
explosives
other
than
permissible
BLACK BLAST­
ING POWDER
Black
blasting
powder
Granular.
Pellet
USE
Total
Perm
is ­
s ib le
explos
iv e s
High
e x p lo ­
sives
other
than
permissible
1915.................. 400,901 27,350 235,820 197,722 1938........................... 332,130 41,859 238,576 51,695
1916____ 505,415 34,085 255,155 215' 575
1917................... 582,475 43,041 262,310 277) 119 111, 309 41,417 23,584 40,368
1918........ .......... 499,125 46,045 200,416 240,663 76.613 20 75,407 186
1919................... 417,634 38,855 108,269 is o ; o n
1920.... 537, 055 53,063 220,112 254,880
1921................. 372,108 41,134 170,952 160,021 42,706 268 40,702 1,737
1922................... 431,772 43,430 209,476 178,866
1923................... 520,728 60,371 207,405 201' 951 88, 7R0 51 85,692 3,037
1924.................. 495,533 55,134 273,323 167,070 All other purposes.. 13,662 103 13,191 307
1928................ 501,752 58,853 286,435 ■150,004 (‘)
1926................... 535,890 67,685 310, 618 1157,687 0) 1939. ..................„ „ 380,438 49, 051 278,260 68,237
1927................... 499, O il 03,847 303,468 ■131,696 0
1928................... 475,251 60,708 292,785 98,004 23,754 124,232 40,401 23,663 51,169
1929................... 509,708 62,660 326,993 86,818 33j 227 88,280 18 88,061 ’ 201
1030................... 445,090 S3,826 291,391 63,139 36,735 Quarrying and non-
1031................... 337,565 41,578 210,157 40, 309 33,530 metallic mineral
1932................... 233,887 32,225 137,90S 35,793 27,961 mining................. 56,622 387 53,732 2,402
1933................... 255,987 33,927 157,840 33,887 30; 323 Railway and other
1934................... 314,768 30,208 200,625 37,103 31, 742 construction work 103,505 101 99.707 3,768
1935................... 308,381 3 9 .17C 200,324 34,223 34, 005 All other purposes— 13,839 44 13,087 707
1936................... 301,605 47,850 262,047 40,420 41,278
1037................... 404, 744 40,579 288, 924 20,837 36,404
1938................... 332,130 41,850 238,576 23, 552 28,143
1939................. 386,438 49,951 278,250 28,322 29,915
1 Pellet powder is included with granular powder. Pellet powder was first manufactured for general sale
in 1926.
Source: Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines; Production of Explosives in the United States.

TOBACCO 8 6 1
No. 8 5 5 .— T obacco P rod u cts—P rod u ction , b t Kind
Note.—Compiled from monthly returns of manufacturers. B ata relate to products manufactured in
continental United States, excluding those manufactured in bonded manufacturing warehouses, which
amounted to 94,043,380 cigars in 1939. Large cigars are those weighing more than 3 pounds per thousand
CALENDAR TOBACCO AND SNUFF (THOUSANDS OF FOUNDS)
CIGARS (THOU­ CIGARETTES
SANDS) (THOUSANDS)
YEAR OR
YEARLY
AVERAGE Total Plug Twist
Fine Smoking
1
cut
Snufl Large Small Large Small
1901-1906.:__ _ 340,841 176, 981 11,003 138,402 20,556 0,513,095 710,720 7,143 3,227,002
1906-1910.......... 413,054 107,400 13,524 12,525 192,700 26,846 0,883,272 1,050,601 10,113 6,.192,671
1911-1015.......... 437,346 158,629 16,017 10,796 221,866 31,140 7,087,530 1,053,654 15,095 14,802,416
1916-1920_____ 450,584 169,809 14,346 9,768 237,808 34,806 7,304,037 810,327 26,020 41,666,670
1921-1026.......... 409,457 116,445 10,105 6,972 239,151 37,786 0,091,913 557,300 16,704 65,903,991
1026-1930_____ 389,244 90,470 8,374 6,821 235,421 40,159 6,300,660 414,044 10,479 109,361,216
1931-1936_____ 349,786 04,002 5,404 3,660 239,072 36,987 4,648,308 246,412 20,417 121,702,334
1932.................... 347,279 01,946 4,018 3,354 241,007 35,904 4,382,723 278,749 3,374 106,632,434
1033.................... 342,113 01,301 6,042 3,120 230,491 36,098 4,300,046 209,515 2,840 114,874,217
1034.................. 346,6GG 62,700 6,080 2,970 237,802 30,894 4,626,780 221,077 88,202 120,970,334
1936.................... 342,728 00,588 6,004 4,683 235,757 36.095 4,686,870 177,822 2,604 139,966,180
1036.................... 347,977 69,105 0,372 6.068 239,349 38,022 5,172,279 180,006 2,458 168,803,068
1937................... 340,679 68,331 0,774 4,099 233,334 37,141 6,303,309 198, 686 3,000 160,960,320
1938.................. 345.309 64,496 5,659 4,672 243,470 37,173 6,014,768 162,000 2,638 171.686.383
1039.........— 343,307 61,203 6,733 4,701 243,640 37,970 5,197,627 160,940 4,369 180,660,824
N U M B ER OF FACTORIES
JA N . 1, 1840, MAKING—
PRODUCTION IN 1039 (CALENDAR YEAR)
STATE
Tobacco
and
snuff*
Cigars
Cigarettes
Tobacco
and snuff
(1,000
pounds)
Cigars (thousands)
Large
Small
Cigarettes
(thousands)
Large
Small
Total. 343,807 6,197,827 156,940 4,369 180,666,824
26 125 0 372 68,871 6 1 3,376,493
64 113
23 38.908
155 2 2 900,007 4,954 1,017
75 421 1 25,454 31,822
421
23 56 *■ 130 98,193
25 23 4 42,274 3,736
1,611 12,313,821
11
77,065
27 215 7 292 38,628
9 3,885
22 99 1 8,096 111, 072
67
44 5,472
71 2 29,238 25,976
11,117
2 33
67,177
15 117 3 7,424 754,500 1,360 19 10,491,094
126 838 2,610 1,955 001,000
11 7
14,689 478 86,307,603
47 177
37
74 515 70 111 0,071,339
1 4
1286
California...........
Connecticut.......
Florida...............
Illinois................
In d ian a...........
Kentucky...........
Louisiana...........
Massachusetts...
Michigan...........
Minnesota..........
Missouri______
New Hampshire.
Now Jersey........
New York..........
North Carolina..
Ohio....................
Pennsylvania...
South Carolina..
Tennessee...........
Virginia..............
West Virginia...
All other.............
69
12
26
470
25 1,489 211,010
7 124,407 41,675
36,825 246,741
7 7,764 1,818,742
9 204,800
19,962 13,005
9 29,161 204,448
7,817 70,763
1 2,470 67,907
133,313
1
09 O*
61,488,974
i Includes scrap chewing tobacco.
* Factories producing a taxable product, excluding 228 “ quasi" manufactures.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Annual Report of the Commissioner.
No. 8 5 6 .— T obacco C onsum ption.in th e U n ited S ta tes: 1933 to 1939
Note.—All figures except per capita in thousands of pounds. B ata for tobacco used in manufacture in
registered factories represent the equivalent in unsteminod leaf of all tobacco. See headnote, table 857
ITEM 1933 1934 1935 1930 1937 1938 1939
Leaf tobacco consumed in manufacture:
710,668 776,630
943 776,032 847,367
1,027 1,106 872,924 865,302 885,209
1,283 1,118 1,631 1,743
Manufactured tobacco imported:
905 003 863 682 475 42 38
2,010 3,353 4,466 3,209 4,378 3,381 . 3,910
Exports of manufactured tobacco1----- 13,606 16,620 18,646 21,543 24,971 27,716 29,262
701,200 704,204 763,022 830,970 853,924 842,041 861,729
'5.68 6.04 6.90 6,47 6.61 6.47 6.62
1Imports for consumption beginning with 1934; general imports for 1933.
* Represents exports to foreign countries and shipments to noncontiguous Territories and possessions.
Sources: Leaf tobacco used in registered factories, Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue;
leaf tobacico used in bonded factories, Treasury Department, Bureau of Customs; other data, Department
of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, ■

862 mah-upiagtuie.es
No. 8 5 7 .— T obacco, Leap— A m ounts Consumed in th e M a n u fa ctu re o f
C igars, C ig a r e tte s, C h ew in g and Smoking T obacco, and S n u ff
N o te.—All figures in thousands of pounds. Figures represent the equivalent in unstemmed leaf tobacco
of stemmed leaf or scraps, cuttings, and clippings. In the following table the tobacco used In the manufacture
of cigars and cigarettes was converted on the basis of 3 pounds of stemmed leaf or scraps, etc., to 4
pounds of unstemmed beginning 1016 (conversion prior to 1916 was at the ratio of 3 to 6) and of tobacco
and snuff beginning 1003. For 1896 to 1002, tobacco used in manufactured tobacco and snufE was shown
only under two heads, namely “leaf” and “scraps.” It is probable that stemmed leaf was included
with unstemmed tobacco under the head of “ leaf” without the one kind being converted to the equivalent
in the other. The conversion ratio of 3 to 4 was applied only to “scraps” for these years. Data exclude
tobacco used in bonded manufacturing warehouses (see table 856)
CALENDER
YEAS PR
YEARLY
AVERAGE
Total
Cigars
Tobacco
and
snuff
CALENDER
YEAR
Total
Cigars
Cigarettes
Cigarettes
Tobacco
mid
snuff
1896-1900___ 359,053 87,851 16,235 254,067 1929.............. 796,626 152,129 346.543 297.953
1901-1905___ 451,461 124,411 12,444 314,606 1930_______ 779,806 137,901 347,915 293,990
1906-1910___ 524,193 139,200 22.079 362,908 1031_______ 752,404 127,628 329,962 294,813
1911-1915___ 578, 283 ■151,890 62,207 374,186 1932............... 690,134 104,288 299,029 286,817
1916-1920___ 650,4C0 165,312 130,320 364,828 1933_______ 710,008 194,699 326,093 279,876
1021-1025___ 672,077 151,421 198.069 322,588 1934............... 775.630 111, 123 375,383 280,024
1920-1030___ 762, M0 149,240 312,633 300,767 1035_______ 775,932 113,742 399,458 262,731
1931-1935___ 730,934 112,296 346,985 282,662 1930_______ 847,307 126,578 453,327 267,402
1026 737,354 152,372 267,684 317,309 1937.............. 872.924 128,653 479,961 264,309
109.7 744,288 162,510 290,464 301,314 193ft 866,302 118,751 483,840 262,711
1028_______ 754,625 151,290 310,169 293,176 1939.............. 885; 209 122,681 509,133 253,485
No. 8 5 8 .— D is t ille d S p irits, W ines, F erm ented M a lt Liquons, and
C e r e a l B ev era g es— P ro d u ctio n , T ax-Paid W ith d raw als, and Im ports
YEAR ENDED JUNE 30—
DISTILLED SPIRITS INCLUDING
INDUSTRIAL ALCOHOL (THOU­
SAND TAX GALLONS) 7
Total
Exclusive
of fruit
brandy
Fruit
brandy
Still
wines
(thous.
wine
gallons)
8
(thous.
halt-pint
units) *
Rectified
spirits
and
(thous.
proof
gallons)
Sparkling
wines
Fermented
malt
liquors
(thous.
barrels)
*
Cereal
beverages*
(thous.
barrels)
*
Production;8
io n s 153, 259 147,811 5,449 O (7) 105,200 40,522
m in 163,894 156, 238 7,656 (') (7) 99,019 50,485
in i* 140i 656 132i 134 8,522 (’) (0 90,868 59; 808
IQIft 178,834 173, 476 5,357 M (’) 61,026 50,266
tnw i 10i; 205 99; 616 I', 649 w (7) 591 9, 231
1925............................................. 167,468 166,951 548 3,638 62 40 (8) 5,119
1028............................................. 170,615 170,103 412 4,923 11 46 (■) 4,101
1929........................................... 205, 038 203,844 1,194 11,382 409 35 3,866
1930............................................. 197, 221 106,805 416 3,155 446 31 W 3,681
1931.................................. ........ 170, 304 109, 574 820 0,669 1 22 m 3 ,137
1932........................................... 150,301 140, 760 631 5, 210 1

DISTILLED SPIRITS 863
YEA R ENDED
JU N E 30—
N o . 8 5 9 . — D e n a t u r e d A l c o h o l : 1 1 9 1 0 t o 1940
Alcohol producod
at industrial
alcohol
plants >
Denaturing
plants
Ethyl alcohol
withdrawn
for denaturntion3
DEN ATURED ALCOHOL PRO D U CED
Completely
denatured
Specially
denatured
Total
Proof gallons Proof gallons Wine gallons Wine gallons Wine gallons
1910............................ 12 10,005,871 3,070,926 3,002,103 6,079,027
1015 23 25,41l| 7i9 5,386,047 8,599,822 13,980,469
1920............................ 18,933,551 52 45,640,949 13* 628,403 15,307,947 28,836,350
1925............................ 100,166,518 91 162,254,039 46,983,070 34,824,303 81.808,273
1929 .......................... 202,616,760 79 180,045,036 53,206,717 64,023,207 107,919,924
1030_____________ 193,823,717 08 185,000,827 59,003, 510 47,713,408 106,770,978
1031______________ 168,109,617 61 162,006.700 50,000,627 37,414,521 87,416,148
1932_______ ______ 146,950,913 60 130,388,805 35,002,096 44,641,336 79,543.432
1033______________ 115,609,754 43 107,657,981 27,275.071 35,800,271 03,075,342
1034............................ 105,103,582 41| 139,681,120 27,174,311 55,067,092 82,241,403
1035_________ - 180,645,920 39 166,233,606 38,740,679 58,284,395 97,031,074
1936______________ 190,126,236 37 174,357,295 30, 522,368 64,066,486 101,477,843
1937............................ 223,181,228 45 181,034,322 22,118,378 80,084.281 102,202.669
1 0 3 8 ................................................. 2 0 1 . 0 3 3 . 8 5 8 4 3 1 6 6 , 8 4 8 , 2 4 6 2 6 , 5 9 8 , 7 1 7 6 9 , 0 0 9 , 0 2 4 9 4 . 6 0 7 , 7 4 1
1 9 3 9 — ....................................... 2 0 1 , 0 1 7 , 5 4 0 3 8 1 7 7 , 3 3 6 , 6 8 8 1 7 , 1 7 9 , 4 3 3 8 3 , 6 6 1 , 0 7 7 1 0 0 , 7 4 0 , 6 1 0
1 0 4 0 ...................... .......................... 2 4 3 , 7 2 7 , 7 5 0 4 0 2 2 5 , 1 6 0 , 7 9 2 1 5 , 3 5 2 , 0 3 3 1 1 1 , 4 0 9 , 7 9 7 1 2 6 , 7 6 1 , 8 3 0
* Includes data for Hawaii for all years and data for Puerto Rico beginning with Aug. 1, 1928.
3 Separate accounts for alcohol produced at industrial alcohol plants required commencing M ay 1, 1920.
3 Figures include rum and spirits produced at distilleries for denaturation.
Source: Treasury Department, Bureau of Internal Revenue; Annual Report of the Commissioner.
N o . 8 6 0 . — E t h y l A l c o h o l a n d O t h e e D i s t i l l e d S p ir it s , E x c e p t B r a n d y —
M a t e r i a l s U s e d in P r o d u c t io n , b y K in d s : 1901 t o 1 9 4 0
YEA R ENDED JU N E 30—
1001-
1002-
1 0 0 3 .
1 0 0 4 .
1 0 0 5 .
1 0 0 6 .
1 0 0 7 -
1 0 0 8 .
1000.
1 9 1 0 .
1011.
1012.
1 0 1 3 .
1 0 1 4 .
1 0 1 6 -
1 0 1 6 .
1 9 1 7 -
1 0 1 8 .
1010.
1020.
1021.
1 9 2 2 .
1 9 2 3 .
1 0 2 4 .
1 0 2 6 .
1020-
1 9 2 7 .
1 0 2 8 .
1020-
1 0 3 0 -
1 0 3 1 .
1 0 3 4 .
1 9 3 5 .
1 9 3 0 .
1 9 3 7 .
1 0 3 8 .
1 9 3 0 .
1 9 4 0 .
Molasses
(thousand
gallons)
3 , 1 0 6
1 2 , 4 8 6
1 6 , 6 4 4
1 8 , 6 4 9
20, BB0
2 2 , 0 3 8
2 6 , 7 2 3
2 8 , 0 4 6
3 3 , 6 6 0
4 2 , 2 9 3
4 4 , 3 6 3
0 1 , 0 0 6
6 4 , 6 4 1
6 4 , 7 2 1
1 2 3 , 3 0 1
8 0 , 0 7 7
1 1 2 . 4 9 8
1 1 8 , 0 2 8
1 2 3 . 4 9 9
1 1 3 , 1 3 3
1 1 0 , 0 6 3
0 7 , 2 2 3
1 4 8 , 7 1 1
1 6 6 , 0 0 1
2 0 3 , 2 7 0
2 0 7 , 4 0 4
2 1 1 , 6 1 0
2 1 3 , 030
2 0 8 , 0 4 6
2 3 6 , 7 0 7
1 8 7 , 7 0 0
1 0 1 , 2 0 6
1 1 7 . 0 3 0
1 7 4 . 0 3 1
1 0 5 , 2 0 0
1 7 9 , 1 2 3
2 0 8 , 0 7 1
1 0 6 , 7 2 2
1 6 3 , 2 2 3
1 0 8 , 0 2 9
G R A I N ( T H O U S A N D B U S H E L S )
Corn Malt Ryo Other*
1 8 , 8 6 7 3 , 2 7 4 5 , 0 8 6 5 2
1 8 ) 4 7 4 2', 3 6 1 5 ' 5 8 5 6 8
2 0 ' 6 9 8 3 , 7 5 4 5', 8 7 3 7 2
1 0 , 1 4 0 3 ,4 6 5 5 ' 0 2 4 6 0
20, 5 9 3 3i 700 5 .4 8 9 4 7
2 0 , 0 0 2 3', 7 5 9 6 , 5 9 6 3 0
2 3 , 4 7 5 4', 4 4 0 0 , 2 5 1 4 0
1 7 ) 3 8 4 2 ' 9 7 5 8 , 7 5 6 3 2
18) 0 8 1 3 ’ 221 4 , 3 0 4 2 2
2 0 , 6 4 7 3 ' 7 0 5 5 , 0 4 3 3 8
2 3 , 2 4 7 4 . 0 5 3 5 , 3 7 6 9 1
2 3 i 0 1 7 4 , 0 7 6 5 ) 6 0 0 8 5
23.' 8 4 8 4, 253 5 , 8 2 8 1 1 0
2 1 ) 3 1 6 3' Q 3 9 5 , 3 4 2 8 3
1 4 . 2 n n 2 , 3 5 7 2 ) 4 4 1 8 0
E T H Y L
S U L ­
P H A T E
P I N E ­
A P P L E
J U I C E
Thousand
gallons
O T H E R
M A T E R I A L S 3
Thousand
gallons
3 2 , 0 7 0 4 , 4 8 1 3 , 1 1 7 8 2 7 1 , 1 6 5
3 8 ) 0 7 3 4 , 2 4 0 2 , 3 7 5 8 1 7 8 , 4 9 3
1 4 ' 6 4 6 1 . 0 0 0 2 4 9 1 7 2 0 8 , 5 2 7
a , s o n 5 7 3 2 0 • 8 0 9 ) 8 0 1
l ) 0 5 8 2 1 5 5 0 5 2 1 9 , 3 2 7
4j 8 o n 9 1 4 1 8 8 2 9 3 1 , 1 0 1
Thousand
pounds
3 , 0 0 3 8 1 6 85 1 7 4 , 7 0 5
Sj ififi 8 8 1 5 3 2 , 5 4 3 1 2
4 , 847 1 , 1 5 3 0 1 2 0 8 6 , 6 2 5 1 5 5 , 7 5 6
7 , 2 0 1 1 , 0 7 1 0 7 11 8 7 , 8 2 4 1 1 2 , 3 0 2
7', 0 4 8 ' 6 5 0 1 3 1 2 44, 6 0 8 4 6 , 8 8 5
8 , M 3 5 0 5 7 4 0 ) 0 4 2 4 9 , 4 0 9
6,104 4 53 7 9 5 0 , 795 79, 5 7 6
9 ^ 8 0 2 8 7 0 8 5 3 , 8 8 4 6 3 , 0 3 8
9 ,0 0 0 6 6 6 2 0 8 3 3 1 , 2 7 4 2 1 , 0 0 1 6 5 , 5 3 5
2 , 4 5 4 6 4 3 6 , 8 8 5 2 8 1 0 , 0 7 2 6 . 7 6 8 1 9 , 3 0 2 8 0 , 3 4 4
4 , 8 4 8 6 0 0 2 1 8 3 3 2 1 1 , 1 4 0 4 , 2 3 5 1 5 , 0 7 2 2 0 , 3 7 7
5 , 8 1 8 5 6 0 6 0 4 0 8 , 0 4 3 5 ,5 4 4 6 ,7 7 2 3 0 , 2 6 5
1 0 , 3 0 2 2 , 5 1 5 4 , 6 0 0 4 8 9 ,5 0 8 7 ,4 9 1 . 1 , 6 7 2 2 3 , 7 9 7
1 0 , 4 0 0 4 , 8 1 0 1 0 , 8 5 6 5 5 1 3 , 0 0 9 5 , 3 1 7 1 , 1 9 0 2 8 , 2 4 7
3 1 , 8 2 5 0 , 0 6 0 1 2 , 8 3 5 6 8 2 4 , 4 0 3 0 , 7 0 0 8 , 0 0 2 0 7 8
3 0 , 2 4 2 0 , 9 1 0 1 1 , 0 3 3 0 6 2 5 , 4 9 3 3 , 5 0 8 1 2 , 2 4 8 0 8 2
1 0 , 8 2 7 3 , 6 0 0 0 . 0 6 6 4 8 2 0 , 6 7 7 2 ,0 0 7 2 7 4 5 0
1 8 , 0 8 7 3 , 2 7 5 5 , 4 9 5 6 1 3 5 , 3 8 9 1 ,5 9 4 2 0 , 1 7 7 1 ,2 5 4
1 8 , 9 1 1 3 , 3 3 0 s 5 , 0 1 4 4 2 4 5 , 7 8 0 3 , 2 5 6 1 3 , 8 0 1 1 2 , 0 4 4
1 W h e a t , b a r l e y , r i c e , e t o . ; a l s o m i x t u r e s o f c o m , m a l t , a n d r y e .
i D i a m a l t , s u l p h i t e l i q u o r , i n a n i o c a m e a l , m a g u o y j u i c e , m a p l e s i r u p , c i d e r , c o r n s i r u p , p o t a t o e s , o r u d e
a l c o h o l s m l x t u r o , c e l l u l o s e p u l p a n d c h e m i c a l m i x t u r e s , o t o .
Source; Treasury Department; 1001 to 1933, Bureau of Industrial Alcohol; Statistics Concerning Intoxicating
Liquors, 1934 and subsequent years, Bureau of Internal Revenue; annual and special reports.

8 6 4 M A N U F A C T U R E S
No. 8 6 1 .— M o t i o n - P i c t u r e P r o d u c t i o n — S u m m a ry : 1921 t o 1937
N o te.—All money figures are in thousands of dollars. Data represent the activities of the motion-picture
studios and laboratories. They do not include tho distribution of films and their projection in theatres.
No data are included for establishments which reported less than $5,000 as tho cost of work done. The
motion-picture industry has been canvassed, since 1921, In connection with tho Biennial Censusof Manufactures.
It is not, however, a manufacturingindustry, but was treated as such prior to 1931
VEAtt AND STATE
PERSONS ENGAGED
SALARIES
Numher
of
estab­
Salaried Wages
lish­
ments and em­
(average
olfieors earners
ployees for year)
AND
WAGES
Salaries
Wages
Cost of
contraot
work
Cost of
studio
supplies,
fuel,
etc.i
Cost of
production
UNITED STATES
1021........................................... 127 4,400 6, 259 22,953 14, 740 563 SI, 190 77,397
102a............................................ 97 3,490 6,408 21,824 16, 601 1,609 30, 657 86,418
1925........................................ 132 5,945 5,573 35,951 13, 066 5,360 33,258 93,636
1027............................................ 142 7, 598 8,415 56,299 18, 637 15,477 34,867 134,348
1029............................................ 142 8, S18 10,784 60,168 24,860 11.312 38, 441 1S4,102
1931............................................ 140 2 14 839 270.637 12. 018 32, 222 164, 436
1033.........................................__ 92 ‘ 8,260 10,777 • 62, 948 18,395 4,028 20,153 119,348
1035............................................ 129 12,675 14,917 79,743 24,686 5,145 29, 541 161,865
1937............................................ 83 16,846 18,770 104,324 35, 2Q4 7,013 35, 575 197, 741
STATES, 1037
California...................... -......... 35 14,007 16,308 101,419 31,533 5,175 25, 330 171,943
Los Angeles...................... 24 6,787 8,558 62, 231 16,500 1,464 17, 027 87,765
Remainder of State............. 11 7, 220 7,840 40,180 15, 033 3, 721 8, 302 84,178
Illinois....................................... 7 07 89 136 117 14 146 481
New York........................... 21 1, 421 1.462 2,039 2,478 1, 686 5, 206 10,378
Other States............................. 20 360 830 730 1,137 237 4,803 8,039
PRODUCTS, BY KIND AND COST, AND RECEIPTS FOR W ORK DONE
1931 1933 1935 1937 1931 1933 1935 1037
Total cost of
Unfinished productions,
cost_______ 1 4 ,7 2 9 14,581 15,084 3 3 ,0 7 6
work done... 154,4 3 8 119,343 1 6 1 ,8 6 5 197,7 4 1
Laboratory work:
Negative films, cost.. 108,560 8 2 ,2 8 0 1 1 8 ,6 7 3 1 3 1 ,7 5 5 P o sitiv e film s,
Theatrical:
cost............... ...... 1 2 ,5 5 0 7 ,6 2 5 6 ,0 4 6 8 ,2 1 8
Number_____ .‘. 1,227 1 ,0 5 0 1 ,0 0 4 3 ,9 4 2 Receipts for work
Cost__________ 100,065 7 7 ,6 3 6 1 1 0 ,9 7 5 126, 0 39 done for others... 1 4 ,3 3 2 1 1 ,8 3 6 15,0 8 9 1 5 ,3 1 8
News, cost.............. 3 ,4 2 2
Advertising, cost__ 4 ,6 6 4 j ‘ 4 ,5 7 0 * 4 ,9 4 0 * 4,540 Value of other work
done........................ 2 ,8 0 2 1 ,6 2 0 1 ,8 1 8 3 ,4 6 8
Educational, cost.. 409 108 324
Other films, cost...
2 ,4 3 4 } < 1 ,170 Receipts for use of
studio facilities 1 ,4 5 7 1 ,6 0 2 4 ,5 6 4 5 ,9 0 7
1 Ineludos cost of studio supplies, containers for films, fuel, and purchased electric energy.
* D ata cover “productive, employees” only. These Include all wage earners and a part, but not all, of
tho salaried employees. Figures are not, therefore, comparable with either tho wage-earner figures or with
tho total number of porsons engaged. D ata for other years cover all classes of employees.
3 Does not include data for salaried officers of corporations.
* Combined to avoid disclosing approximations of data for individual establishments.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tho Census; Biennial Census report, Motion Pictures

PATENTS 8 6 5
No. 862.— P a t e n t ' A p p l i c a t i o n s , C a v e a t s F i l e d , a n d P a t e n t s a n d C e r ­
t i f i c a t e s o p R e g i s t r a t i o n I s s u e d S i n c e I n i t i a t i o n o p t h e P a t e n t
S y s te m : 1836 t o 1939
Note.—The number of patents granted prior to July 28,1836, was 9,957. Data include patents issued to
oitfzens of the United States and residents of foreign countries
PATENTS ISSUED
CERTIFICATES OF REGISTRATION ISSUED
CALENDAR
YEAR OR
PERIOD
Cave-
ats
Med*
Patent
appllca-
tions >
Total
Total
Patents Designs Reissues
Trademarks
Trademark
renewals
Labels Prints
1836-1860 3-. «14,062 14,763
1851-1860-.. 44,302 9,671
1861-1870. 128,763 22,228
1871-1880—_ 206,430 20,350
1881-1890.-. 362,476 25,012
1891-1900... 410,049 21,199
1901-1905. 263,417 9.168
1900-1010— 307,187 8,880
1911-1915.._ 350,037
1916-1920—_ 368,737
1921-1925__ 427,127
1026-1930__ 459,904
1931-1935__ 342,861
1904 ......... 62,143 1,808
1905 ......... 54,971 1,890
1900..............
1007..............
1908 .........
1909 .........
1010..............
1911 ..........
1912
1913
.........
.........
1014...............
1915 .........
1916 .........
1917 .........
1918
1910
.........
.........
1920......... a. .
1021...............
1022...............
1923...............
1024...............
1925...............
1920..............
1927
1928
.........
.........
1929
1930
.........
.........
1931 .........
1032...............
1933 .........
1934 .........
1936.............
1930...............
1937_______
1938. .......
1939. .......
56,482 1,886
58,762 1,907
61,475 2,110
65,830 1,048
64,029 970
69.121
70,070
70,367
70, m
70,009
71,033
70,373
59,800
80,638
86,803
93,395
89,028
70,189
80,888
84,627
86,116
92,122
82,726
94.738
94,203
84,423
71,804
00,633
61,572
64,309
60,585
72,984
76,429
71,689
8,387 7,804 *37,760 6,187 384 15,270 11,254 1,524 1,850 648
43,493 1*38,117 5,027 349 13, 664 10,212 1,051 1,702 530
49,080 »43,136 5,503 352 14, 337 10,520 1, 390 1,807- 605
*Figures include patents for inventions, designs, and roissues of patents. Includes applications without fees.
3 Caveat law repealed June 25,1910.
8 Data ate for period from July 28,1830, to Deo. 31,1850, except as otherwise specified.

S3. DISTRIBUTION, SERVICES, AND HOTELS
[Data in this section relate to continental United States]
No. 8 6 3 .— M a n u f a c t u r e r s ’ S a l e s — D i s t r i b u t i o n , b y P r i m a r y C h a n n e l s ,
b y I n d u s t r y G r o u p s : 1929 a n d 1935
N ote.—Figures do not cover sales or distribution expenses of manufacturers’ own wholesale branches or
retail stores, which are covered in data for wholesale trade and retail trade, respectively, Figures were
not compiled for industries: (1) Where no outside sales were made, the plants being maintained for th e
purpose of making repairs, such as railroad repair shops; (2) where sales were made direct to users, th e
value of products in most instances comprising the sale of services, such as engraving and lithographing
industries; (3) in which the plants were engaged, for the most part, in performing labor on materials
owned by others so that their sales represented the sales of services rather than commodities, such as
electroplating and galvanizing industries; and (4) where the plants of one organization so dominated
that to show distribution of sales figures would disclose individual operations. The following table is
limited to industries which, are directly comparable in 1920 and 1935, while table 804 covers all industries
for which 1035 data were compiled
[A m o u n t of s a le s i n th o u sa n d s of d ollars]
INDUSTRY GROUP
TOTAL DIS­
TRIBUTED SALES,
1035
Amount
Number
of
plants
1935 DISTRIBUTED
SALES OF INDUS­ PERCENT OP DISTRIBUTED
TRIES COMPARABLE SALES MADE TO—
WITH 1020
Amount
Number
of
plants
Own
wholesale
branches
Industrial
users
1029 1935 1929 1935
All industries............. — .................. 38, 176,470 134,286 28,328,269 81,688 18.0 30.6 26.0 24. S
Food and kindred products....................... 0,460,989 47,992 8,084,630 40,159 24.6 21.6 6.0 7 .0
Textiles and their products....................... 8,328,427 16.GG5 1, 111, 209 4,670 5.8 4.! 13. C 10.0
Forest products_____________ -........... - 1,528,578 15,661 1,436,220 15,309 4.6 6.0 38.8 32.0
Paper and allied products.......................... 1,201,667 2,010 1,291,557 2,919 3.8 5.8 51.8 54. 9
Chemicals and allied products................. - 2, 683,174 7,269 1,028,492 3,353 12.2 20.2 33.5 30.0
Petroleum and coal products..................... 1,331,104 076 1,005,073 416 60.1 64.3 8.6 10.0
Rubber......................................................... 655,995 467 066,006 467 41.7 43. C 26.9 20.3
Leather and its manufactures............. ....... 1,166, 286 3,380 1,066,011 2,746 21.3 20.4 14.5 18.4
Stono, clay, and glass products.................. 885,533 5,620 577,924 3,647 4.9 28.3 36.3 31.0
Iron and steel and tboir products............ - 3,632,06? 6,36! 2,005,447 3,680 5.9 21.2 65.8 59. 8
Nonferrous metals and their products----- 1,660,844 4,757 607,85! 2,850 5. £ 6.! 66.3 61. 1
Machinery.................................................... 3,243,3Gf 10,692 1,175,801 3,216 17.8 20.1 41.9 44. 6
Transportation equipment......................... 2,913,924 1,133 2,876,08C 1,012 17. C 19.4 24.3 21.8
Miscellaneous............................................... 2, 208,034 10,682 1,706,422 7,410 6.9 4.4 0.0 0. G
INDUSTRY GROUP
PERCENT OF DISTRIBUTED SALES MADE TO— COn.
W h o le ­
sa le rs a n d
Jo b b ers
O w n re ta il
sto res
R e ta ile rs
H o u s e h o ld
c o n s u m e rs
PERCENT O F
DISTRII3TITED
SAT ES
NEGOTIATJE&D
THRO UGH
AGENTS,ETC.
1029 1935 1929 1035 1929 1036 1929 1935 1920 1035
A ll i n d u s t r ie s .------ --------------------------
'F o o d a n d k in d re d p r o d u c ts ..........._...............
’T e x tile s a n d th e ir p r o d u c ts .................... —
F o r e s t p r o d u c ts .......................................- .............
P a p e r a n d a llie d p r o d u c ts ................................
C h e m ic a ls a n d a llied p r o d u c t s ......................
P e tro le u m a n d coal p r o d u o ts .........................
R u b b e r .................................... - .................................
L e a th e r a n d its m a n u f a c tu r e s ........................
S to n e , d a y , a n d glass p r o d u c ts .....................
I r o n a n d ste e l a n d th e ir p r o d u o ts ................
N o n fe rro u s m e ta ls a n d th o ir p r o d u c t s . - -
M a c h i n e r y ...............................................................
T r a n s p o r ta tio n e q u ip m e n t..............................
M is c e lla n e o u s __________________ _________
3 1.8 27.3 2.4 2.2 20.0 22.9 1.8 2 .4 7 .4 8 . 3
3 1.6
2 2.4
3 0 .2
3 9.1
3 0 .1
1 8.6
16.1
2 6 .0
4 9 .8
34.1
2 7.8
2 9 .0
2 7 .5
6 7 .0
28.6
15.3
27,1
32.4
31.0
10.0
16.9
10.7
18.8
13.4
20.0
24.6
26.3
72.0
3.2
4.6
1.2
.6
7.6
.6
3.7
.1
.3
.3
4.4
1.9
.8
3.8
5.1
1.3
.3
4 .4
2.7
2.7
.3
.3
.2
2.9
,4
.6
29.2
50.8
24.5
5.3
12.7
5 .2
15.6
35.1
6.2
3.9
8.2
6.7
29.1
14.8
33.2
66.3
20.6
8.8
16.3
1.6
0 .0
41,6
16.9
4 .8
10.4
7 .4
3 1.4
13.9
4 .5
3.4
.8
M 2 .0
0) .2
.4
2 .7
w 1 .5
.2
. 2
2 .7
5.1
2 .6
4 .1
.1
2.3
,1
.1
.2
4 .1
A
.9
.5
.7
1.9
12.1
4 .8
12.1
8.0
16.1
2.4
2.4
6.1
8.3
6.5
4.4
6.9
1:0
2 .7
14.0
5 .9
15. 1
5 .5
14. 0
1.8
2. 1
7 .3
7 .4
5.4
0. 9
8 .5
. 9
2.0
i Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1035, Distribution of
Manufacturers’ Sales.
8 6 6

MANUFACTURERS’ SALES 8 6 7
N o . 8 6 4 .— Manufacturers’ S a l e s —P rimary C h a n n e l s of D istribution
and D istribution Expenses, by I ndustry Groups: 1935
(Sales and distribution expenses in millions and tenths of millions of dollars. See headnote, table 8(53]
All industries
Food
and
kindred
products
Textiles
and
products
F o rest
products
Paper
and
alliod
prod-
UOtB
P rin t­
ing
and
publishing
Olierni
cals
and
allied
products
P roducts
of
petroleum
and
coal
3 A I .E S B Y C H A N N E L S O P D I S T R I B U T I O N
Plants reporting:......................................
Total net sales.,____ ________________
Total distributed sales..........................
To own wholesale branches............
Porcenfc of total sales.....................
To industrial and other largo users...
Percent of total sales___________
To wholesalers and jobbers..._____
Percent of total salos___________
To own retail stores_____________
Percent of total sales___________
To retailers..........................................
Percent of total sales.......................
To household consumers...................
Percent of total salos.......................
Iuterplant transfers...............................
Percent of total sales......................
Sales not allocated J...............................
Percent of total sales.......................
Percent of total sales made through—
Own sales organizations.......................
Agents, brokers, etc...............................
134, 392 47,992 16, 6G5 15,681 2,910 107 7,209 676
43, SOI. 2 10,489.5 5,879.1 1,894.1 1,521.7 41.0 3,863. 2 a, 148. a
38,212.9 9,451.0 5,323.4 1,528. C1,291.6 37.4 2,583. 2 1,831.1
7.409.6 2,014.2 384.8 io i. a 74.9 848.3 1,117.9
17.1 19.2 6.5 6.0 4.8 29.7 51.9
10,742.3 711.8 1,307.0 500.4 708.3 19.4 805.4 231.3
24.5 6.8 22.2 29.9 46.6 47.2 28.1 10.8
10,134.4 2,900.1 1, 403. 7 415.6 418.8 6.9 548.8 360.8
23.2 27.6 23.9 24.6 27.5 10.8 19.2 16.8
029.1 312.3 70.1 18.0 17.6 72.8
1.5 3.0 1.2 1.1 .6 3.4
8,412.1 3,048.7 2,002.8 427.7 88.0 7.1 308.5 40.6
19.2 29.1 35.7 26.2 6.8 17.3 10.8 1.9
795.5 464.0 65.0 50.4 1.5 i l l 54.5 7.9
1.8 4.4 1.1 8.8 .1 9.0 1.9 .4
4,360.8 776.0 335.9 96.2 210.8 1.0 204.3 204.0
9.9 7.4 5.7 5.7 13.9 2.5 7.1 9.5
1,237.6 26A6 219.7 89.3 19.4 2.6 75.8 113.1
2.8 2.5 3.7 4.1 1.3 0.3 2.8 5.3
91.0 88.1 78.3 88.3 95.4 98.3 90.3 97.7
9.0 11.0 21.7 13.7 4.6 1.7 9.7 2.3
D I S T R I B U T I O N E X P E N S E S
Plants reporting........................................ 53,623 17,735 8,197 4, 810 1,353 13 3,071 249
Net salos..................................................... 21,417.6 0,313.2 2,853.8 871.3 7(38.2 7.4 1,137.3 277.2
Distribution expenses, to ta l8................... 2,000. 5 594.8 249. C 09.7 ns. a .7 172.4 20.5
Percent of sales................................... 9.4 9.4 8.7 11.4 8.5 8.8 15.2 7.4
Distribution pay roll................................ 833.0 261.2 127. C 47.3 30.7 .4 66.8 7.2
Percent of sales........ — ................... 4.1 4.1 4.5 5.5 4.0 6.0 5.0 2.6
Rubbor
products
Leather
and Its
manufactures
Stone,
clay,
and
glass
products
M a­
chinery
Iron,
and
steel
and
products
Nonferrous
metals
and
products
Transportation
equipm
ent3
Miscellaneous
SALES BY CHANNELS OP DISTRIBUTION
Plants reporting...................................... 467 3 ,3 8 0 5, 029 0 ,3 0 3 4 ,7 5 7 1 0 ,6 9 2 1 ,1 3 3 1 0 ,0 8 2
Total net sales____ _______ __________ 6 9 6 .9 1 ,2 8 1 .1 9 5 0 .5 4 ,2 6 0 .4 1 ,6 2 7 .1 3 ,9 3 1 .3 4 ,1 4 2 . D 2 ,2 7 5 . 9
Total distributed sales......................... 6 5 6 .0 1 ,1 5 6 .3 8 8 5 .5 3 ,5 3 2 .1 1 ,5 6 0 .8 3 ,2 4 3 .4 2 ,9 1 3 .9 2 ,2 0 8 .0
To own wholesale branches............... 282.0 2 3 (1 8 2 5 2 .6 6 8 1 .4 1 5 2 .7 6 5 1 .7 5 5 8 .1 1 4 8 .4
Percent of total sales........-............. 4 0 .6 1 8 .0 2 0 .5 1 6 .0 9 .4 1 6 .6 1 3 .5 0.6
To industrial and other large users.. 1 9 2 .2 2 5 7 .0 3 0 2 .1 2 ,1 3 9 .7 1 ,0 7 7 .6 1 ,5 0 6 .1 6 4 5 .9 2 7 2 .2
Percent of total sales....................... 27. (1 20.1 3 1 .8 6 0 .2 66.2 3 9 .9 1 5 .6 12.0
To wholesalers and jobbers............ 104.0 1 9 2 .2 1 7 2 .0 5 0 1 .9 203.9 7 5 0 .8 7 0 4 .3 1 ,3 8 0 . 2
Percent of total sales...................... 15. C 15. C 1 8 .2 11.8 12.5 10.1 1 8 .5 01.1
To own retail stores........................... 17.4 2 9 .5 1.6 8.8 3 .6 5 2 .2 1 2 .5 1 3 .3
Porcont of total sales....................... 2 .5 2 .3 .2 .2 .2 1 .3 .3 .6
To retailers.......................................... 59. C 4 5 4 .2 1 2 8 .1 1 8 0 .1 110.1 2 0 1 .5 9 1 3 .1 3 4 6 .7
Percent of total sales....................... 8 .5 35.4 1 3 .5 4 .4 6 .3 5 .1 22.0 1 5 .2
To household consumers.............. .7 2 .5 2 8 .2 1 4 .1 1 3 .7 2 0 .9 20.0 3 8 .9
Percent of total sales................... .1 .2 8.0 . 3 .8 . 5 . 5 1 .7
Interplant transfers............................... 2 2 .5 8 4 . £ 4 1 .1 6 6 7 .1 40, C 6 5 2 .9 1 ,0 6 0 ,6 4 3 .8
Percent of total salos....................... 3 .2 6.C 4 .3 1 6 .7 8.1 1 4 ,1 2 5 .6 1.0
Sales not allocated i............................... 17.4 30.0 2 3 .9 01.2 10,6 1 3 5 .0 1 6 7 .5 2 3 .4
Percent of total sales..................... 2 .5 2 .4 2 .5 1 .4 1.0 3 .4 4 .0 1.0
Percent of total s a le s made through—
O w n sales organizations....................... 9 8 ,0 9 3 .6 9 3 .8 9 5 .8 9 5 .6 0 3 .0 9 9 .4 0 7 .5
Agents, brokers, etc............................... 2.0 6.6 0.2 4 .7 4 .4 7 .0 .6 2 .5
d i s t r i b u t i o n e x p e n s e s
Plants reporting....................................... 259 1 ,6 8 9 1 ,9 4 4 2 ,9 4 1 1 ,9 3 9 4 ,7 2 1 640 4 ,5 5 6
Net sales.................................................... 5 1 7 .7 5 9 8 .3 3 7 3 .4 1, 0 0 6 .8 640.1 2, 256. 6 1, 9 9 8 .3 1 ,2 0 3 .6
Distribution expenses, to talJ............... 4 0 .2 6 3 .5 4 3 .7 1 3 0 .5 5 8 .4 2 6 S .7 6 3 .7 150. 4
Percent of sales.......... ........................ 7.S 8. C 1 1 .7 8.1 9 .1 1 1 .7 3 .2 1 2 .5
Distribution pay roll______________ 1A 1 2 6 .1 2 1 .4 6 0 .3 2 8 .4 110. 4 2 3 .8 5 0 ,9
Percent of sales................................ 2 .7 4 .4 6 .7 3 .8 4 .4 4 ,9 1.2 4 .7
1 Or not distributed through usual channels. 2 Including p ay roll. 8 Air, land, and w ater.
Source: D epartm ent of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1085, D istribution of
Manufacturers* Bales.

868 D IS T R IB U T IO N , S M V IC E S , AND HOTELS'
No. 865.— W h o l e s a l e T r a d e —-
N o t ®.—Figures for 1929 and 1933 are
[Sales, expenses, pay roll, and
DIVISION AND STATE
NUMBER OF ESTABLISH*
' MENTfl
NET SALES
A c tiv e
p ro p rie
to rs
a n d
firm
m e m ­
bers,
EMPLOYEES (FULL
TIME AND PART
TIM E), AVERAGE
FOR YEAR 1
i m 1933 1935 1929 1933 1935 1935 1029 1933
United States__ 108,820 163,683 178,756 66,983,024 30,009,590 42,802,913 97,225 1, 610,494 1,187,688
H e w England.____ 9,768 8,692 9,680 4,006,910 1,867,712 2,528,497 6,166 108,152 74,454
Maine............... — 980 860 970 175,853 98,462 127,840 504 7,214 5,957
New Hampshire.. 325 334 363 60,500 38,074 54,069 172 2,205 2,244
Vermont.............. 308 300 344 57.393 41,761 53,507 140 1,898 2,153
Massachusetts___ 0,038 5,125 5,739 2,948,372 1,334,893 1,800,346 3,215 70,142 46,630
Rhode Island___ 734 577 683 275,357 128,808 180,697 359 7,510 5,352
Connecticut......... 1,305 1,390 1,481 488,435 225,724 306,078 766 17,117 12,118
Middle Atlantic)___ 38,045 34,170 40,392 22,702,703 10.364,095 14,296.628 26,436 410,399 301,583
New York.........IT1 25,202 21,825 26,916 17,143,753 7,856,469 10,846,966 16,626 274,099 199,007
New Jersey_____ 2,334 2,682 3,025 935, 621 492,270 708,045 1,670 26,578 24,108
Pennsylvania....... 10,509 0,663 10,452 4,023,429 2,015,356 2,741,012 7,240 109,122 78,300
East North Central... 32,058 34,442 36,938 13,446,712 6,786,417 8.709,015 19,732 334,833 242,322
Ohio___________ 8,035 8,280 9,086 2,925,525 1,367,382 2,028,552 5,323 79,076 64,450
Indiana................ 3,726 4,229 4,333 888,816 396,107 654,917 2,183 24,311 20,781
Illinois_________ 11,556 11,898 12,009 6,075,726 2,715,150 3,937,009 6,611 158,043 94,828
M ichigan............ 5,239 5,791 6,065 2,027,341 827,256 1,410,767 3,580 44,584 37,638
Wisconsin............. 3,502 4,238 4,145 928,304 479,516 677,170 2,035 28,820 24,625
West North Central.. 23,829 29,116 89, 626 8,464,665 3.506,267 4,786,928 18,745 187,278 144,897
Minnesota............ 5,243 5,178 5,695 1,067,535 853,915 1,188,413 2,585 36,054 31,836
Io w a ............................ 4,946 5,260 5,003 1,043, 316 451,730 627,795 2,619 28,748 22,142
Missouri............... 6, 849 6,085 6,091 3, 306, 536 1,354,198 1,811,544 3,740 77,329 52,260
North Dakota...... 2,618 2,435 2,435 201,131 03,280 133,808 588 6,917 4,862
South Dakota...... 1,072 1,766 1,800 236,095 73,204 99, 262 534 5,352 4,602
N e b r a s k a .................. 2,880 3,409 3,122 1,068,441 387,601 627,719 1,603 10,882 14,044
Kansas................. 4,315 5,003 4, 621 880, 611 292, 279 398,387 2,070 18,004 14,561
16, 692 14,607 16,367 4,486,643 2.338,443 8.406.158 8,646 129,830 110,631
D e la w a r e .................. 288 259 202 118,087 59,182 106,300 148 2,118 1,700
Maryland............. 2,198 2,224 2,316 711,412 386,450 490,017 1,744 21,712 18,000
D is t. o f C o lu m b ia . 492 668 629 223,401 144,119 242,729 327 6,760 6,880
Virginia................ 2,331 2,370 2,123 621,139 325,155 502,051 1,065 20,139 20,560
W e st Virginia....... 1,127 1,178 1,251 341,433 185,532 231,070 617 10,047 8,200
N o r th Carolina... 2,403 2,356 2,458 095,118 393,370 555,396 1,460 15,745 17,858
South Caroline.... 1,539 1,242 1,422 333,528 172,062 207,122 809 6,113 6,591
Georgia............... - 3,175 2,269 2,667 997,447 409,862 605,272 1,371 21,275 16, 237
Florida................. 2,041 2,041 2,239 444,078 263, 211 399,290 1,005 18,725 20,635
Kentucky............
7,7*18 8,809 . 7,694 3,499,686 975,830 1,609,657 4,829 58.388 50,168
2,024 2,001 2,067 500, 389 255,200 379,597 1,240 17,725 15,820
Tennessee............. 2,248 1,000 2,626 1,044,945 374,365 745,609 1,536 20,081 17,700
Alabama............... 1,737 1,001 1,008 500,403 203,657 304,549 920 13,428 10,547
Mississippi........... 1,712 1, 244 1,243 384,948 342,548 179,902 633 6,254 0,032
West South Central.. IT, 628 16,063 16,068 4,738, 143 1.919.042 2,696,574 7,818 99.104 84,156
Arkansas.............. 2,045 1,292 1, 604 360,510 117,729 180,309 747 7,707 6,842
Louisiana—.......... 1,728 2,094 2,131 830,905 448,211 580,260 938 17,037 19,375
Oklahoma............ 4,168 4,109 3,668 769, 090 297,877 404,405 1,792 18,208 14,333
Texas.................... 9, 587 7,498 7,763 2,771,972 1,054,225 1,531,540 4,141 56,002 43,605
6,777 6,868 5,413 1,175,867 643,240 847,030 2,823 32.398 29, 518
1,243 1,239 1,254 158, 227 78,790 • 121,041 225 4,133 3,764
Idaho.................... 073 704 954 97,167 60,537 82,195 360 3,271 3,063
283 349 337 34,061 19,117 25,098 123 871 950
2,075 1,814 1,884 539, 026 282,374 324,382 830 13,869 11,917
N o w M e x ic o ........... 315 447 397 53,143 27,730 45,579 141 1,267 1,453
356 467 541 97,024 45,654 78,046 239 2,076 2,603
Utah..................... 736 C49 888 180,101 84,275 164,189 • 357 6,544 4,971
N evada.............. 96 1S9 158 13, 718 0,763 15, 300 48 477 495
13,718 16,030 17,180 5,478,906 2,708,644 8,922,436 10,830 159,514 143,992
2, 588 2,704 3,233 959,104 418,802 603,740 1,206 27,795 22,504
California .
1, 437 1,320 1, 615 465,190 196,445 343,443 674 14,055 10,798
9, 693 11,000 12j 342 4,054, 546 2,094,297 2,975,253 8,450 117,404 110,590
i Figures for 1933 and 1935 are monthly averages, while those for 1920 are quarterly averages,
a Inoludes no compensation for proprietors and firm members of unincorporated businesses,
a Includes stocks not owned but held on consignment, valued at $124,872,000.

w h o l e s a l e t r a d e
869
S u m m a ry , b y S t a t e s : 1929, 1933, a n d 1935
adjusted to the scope of the 1935 census
stocks in thousands of dollars]
EMPLOYEES I—
continued
1935 *
Oporating
expenses,
inoltid-
Ing pay
roll,
1936
m o 1933
PAY BOH »
1935, as reported *
Total
As reported
Adjusted
Fulltime
Parttime
1035
total,
adjusted*
Stocks
onband
(end of
year),
1985«
DIVISION
AND STATE
1, 280,653 1,277,717 4,163,480 2,982,774 1,659,487 2,022,262 1,978,837 45,925 2,049,483 3, 106,909 u, s.
81,681 82,271 265,308 203,683 118,626 134,822 132, 266 2, 066 135,916 189,334 IT. E.
6,271 6,43C 17,225 11, 202 7,076 8,427 8,215 212 8,055 13,208 Maine.
2,14C 2,261 0, 502 3,667 2,895 3,044 2,070 65 3,201 4,680 N. H.
2,168 2,313 7,295 2,800 2,750 2,052 2,896 57 3.105 4,727 Vt.
51,888 62,110 173,73C 143,777 74,930 90,11C 88,48C 1,630 00,444 122,483 Mass.
6,328 6,330 21,307 14,534 7,717 9,936 9,738 103 9,963 14,352 R. I.
12,727 12,818 39,481 27,604 17,559 20,353 19,959 394 20,498 29,928 Conn.
851,656 352,660 1,364,970 962,764 608,070 062,736 658,720 9,016 664,547 974,216 nr. A.
243,12C 243,700 1,006,722 683,266 360,628 487,139 481,271 5.80E 488,167 752,526 N. Y.
26,38C 26,56Q 90, IDS 04,648 35,421 43,225 42,537 68E 43,521 51,624 N .J.
82,046 82,301 209,053 214,841 112,022 132,372 129,912 2,460 132,869 170,066 Pa.
262,920 265,150 886,217 076,977 346,139 428,040 419,809 8,231 432,053 601,319 E. IT. O.
08,304 68,700 211,206 151,481 89,620 109,535 107,237 2,203 110,030 134,047 Ohio.
23,263 23,677 64,391 42,531 25,754 32,469 31,781 688 33,211 41,874 Ind.
104,74C 106,047 365,707 338,305 146,42c 182,989 180, DOS 2,896 183,674 105,190 111.
41,687 42,604 132,112 04,052 61,049 65,653 04,182 1,471 07,347 76,080 Mich.
24,030 25,213 72,657 50, 518 32,296 37,394 30, 516 878 37,891 66,122 Wis.
144,210 146.021 431,581 322,642 183,877 208,763 204.193 4,665 211,697 378,649 W. N. 0.
32,070 82,332 102,07C 02,428 41,992 49,504 48, 505 1,050 49,988 112,222 Minn.
19,753 20,043 51,254 40,83£ 25,324 25,515 24, 693 822 26,004 30,103 Iowa.
66,67E 50,036 179,001 144,167 71,797 87,70S 86,477 1, 321 88,394 144,070 Mo.
4,936 6,007 14,334 9,935 6,816 6,396 6,194 201 0,639 12,635 N. Dak.
4,478 4,008 12,207 8,614 5,322 6,469 5,291 173 5,099 9,082 S. Dak.
13,072 13,948 37,672 28,047 17,190 17,892 17,309 493 18,253 29,167 Nebr.
12,726 13,087 34,003 28,612 16,431 16,125 15,034 491 16,720 28,801 Kans.
117,14S 120,167 328,566 197,200 129,867 154,894 149,881 5,013 159,625 278,066 S. A.
1,899 1,917 10,061 3,778 2,357 3,175 3,110 66 3,201 7,057 Del.
19,164 10,206 51,880 32,762 21,529 25,456 24,787 669 25,585 31.081 Md.
8,274 8,274 23,993 12,666 10,042 13,819 13,641 178 13,819 13,088 D. O.
18,840 19,18C 49,021 29,675 21,076 23,751 22,813 033 24,216 58,935 Va.
8,835 8,060 26,956 10,216 11,328 13,101 12,855 306 13,356 20.343 W. Va.
16,080 17,676 43,705 25,679 17,782 20,450 19, 212 1,244 21,687 61,499 N. O.
6,128 6,529 17,734 10,535 6,393 7,630 7,419 211 8,202 13,046 8. C.
18,444 . 19,345 58,005 36,728 20,431 26,601 26,010 585 26,995 43,285 Ga.
18,673 19,011 46,521 26,271 18,020 21,846 21,028 817 22,664 29,135 Fla.
61,446 53, 613 136,436 94,377 54,773 65,345 62,978 2,369 68, 669 130,068 E. 8. 0.
16,766 16,009 35,391 25,872 16,172 18,041 10,833 1,208 18,402 44,265 Ky.
19,920 20,401 67,258 34,434 10,893 27,226 26,517 709 ?7,945 50,655 Tonn.
■ 10,676 11,293 20,760 23,551 12,481 14.201 13,909 292 15,212 22,832 Ala.
. 6,076 6,760 14,037 10,620 ' 6,227 6,877 5,717 160 7,010 12,420 Miss.
80,237 84,557 251,415 167,831 100,777 107,298 104,690 2,603 US, 638 267.675 W. 8. 0.
6,006 6,701 16,761 11,949 7,603 7,347 7,106 182 8,420 16,348 Ark.
17,372 17,925 55,493 29,252 23,316 23,873 23,332 541 24,557 75,265 La.
12,800 13,459 36,221 30,784 17,253 17,603 17,121 482 18,604 31,296 Okla.
44,050 46,382 142,940 95,846 52,606 58,470 67,072 1,398 62,057 144,766 Tex.
28,616 26,869 88,458 66,569 36,885 41,310 39,876 1,434 43,226 66,683 Mt.
4,040 4,070 11,938 6,079 4,852 5,004 5,724 180 5,947 13,172 Mont.
3,372 3,633 9,380 4,479 3,249 4,025 3,048 377 4,277 7,678 Idaho.
874 955 2,860 1,865 1,265 1,224 1,100 34, 1,340 2,6 0 6 Wyo.
10,102 10,283 30,868 28,947 15,157 15,064 14,731 333 15,345 18.782 Colo.
1,433 1, 091 4,636 2,313 1,933 2,065 2,029 36 2,416 6,365 N. Mox,
2, 670 2,792 9,347 5,407 8,556 3,922 3,727 195 4,142 6,345 Aria.
6,476 6,832 17,040 9,712 6,138 8,046 7,794 252 8,588 12,435 Utah.
649 713 2,375 877 735 1,060 1,033 27 1,172 1,151 Nov,
142,898 143,609 460,221 291,841 186,683 216,064 208,923 10,138 220,212 324,748 Pao.
22,726 22,860 68,769 50,972 20,166 34,600 33,845 1,045 34,933 55,603 Wash.
11,316 11,423 30,680 24,056 14,342 17,626 17,075 550 17,826 31,202 Ores.
108,867 109,2 20 354,002 216,813 143,076 160,749 158,206 8,643 167,463 237,043 Cain.
* Employment and pay-roll data for commission bulk-tank stations are not included in the reported figures
as it was impracticable* to obtain these data; for comparison with earlier years, estimates for commission bulktank
stations are included in adjusted figures as follows: Employees, 17,164; pay roll, $27,221,000.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1035, Wholesale Distribu*
tion. Vol. I.

8 7 0 BIBTBIBtmOH) 'SBBYIOBS, AND- HOTELS
N o. 8 6 6 .— W h o l e s a l e T r a d e — N e t S a l e s , 1929 to 1939; N u m b e r o p E s t a b ­
l is h m e n t s a n d N e t S a l e s , b y T y p e o f O p e r a t io n , 1933 a n d 1935
[Net sales in millions of dollars]
N E T SALES 1
NUMBER OF ES­
TABLISHMENTS
NET SALES
YEAR
Pullservice
Total and
wholesalfunc-
limitocl-
trade tlon
wholesalers
TYPE O P ESTABLISHMENT
1933 3 1935 1933 3 1935
183,583 178,766 30,010 42,903
88,931
11,034
4,196
27,333
18,147
26, 615
12,891
4,965
2,320
1,786
6,283
1,766
17, 662
7,440
3,620
2,704
8,008
2,403
■Data for chain-store warehouses are included in totals in first column but are excluded from other figures
in this table and from figures lor wholesale trade appearing in other tables.
1 Figures adjusted to scope of 1935 Census of wholesale trade; no data included for ohaln-storo warehouses.
3 No estimate made.
Source: For 1929, 1933, and 1936, Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business,
1935, Wholesale Distribution, Vol. I. For other years, estimates by Department of Commerce, Bureau of
Foreign and Domestic Commerce; mimeographed reports.
N o . 8 6 7 .— W h o l e s a l e T r a d e — S u m m a r y , b y T y p e o f O p e r a t io n a n d K in d
o f B u s in e s s : 1935
N ote.—P ay roll includes no compensation for proprietors and firm membors of unincorporated businesses.
Stocks include stocks not owned but beld on consignment valued at $124,872,000
TYPE OP OPEBATION AND KIND OF BUSINESS
Total__________________________
Full-service and limited-function whole.
salers__________ -
Wholesale merchants________________
Voluntary-group wholesalers__________
Converters-------- -----------------------------
Exporters--------------- -----------------------
Importers_________________________
Industrial distributors------------------------
Drop shippers or desk jobbers------ -------
Mail-order wholesalers..................... _
Retailer-cooperative warehouses...............
Wngon distributors.................................
Manufacturers’ sales branches (with stocks).
Manufacturers’ salesoflices (without stocks).
Bulk-tank stations (petroleum)----------------
Independent stations.................................
Chain-operated stations...........................
Commission stations..............................
Agents and brokets.-.._______ _______
Auction companies__________________
Brokers________ ___________________
Commission merchants------------ i._____
Export agents____ _________________
Import agents____ ___ ___ __________
Manufacturers’ agents------------------------
Selling agents-------- -------------------------
Other agents------------ -----------------------
1920....... _ 68,913 28,899
1930 ........................................
56,963 23.023
1931 ................ 43,936 17,470 Pull-service and limited-function whole-
]032 35,324 13,274
82,820
1933________ 31,442 12,891 Manufacturers/ sales branches with
1034 36,950 14,710
12,409
2035________ 4 4 ,667 17,602 Manufacturers7 sales offices w i t h o u t
loan 52,183 20,293
4,415
1937________ 58,020 22,220 Bulk-tank stations {petroleum)_______ 20,174
1Q38................ (8) 19.023 Agents and brokers................................... 13,800
1939................ (s) 20,700
23,959
Number
of
establishments
Not sales
(thousands
of
dollars)
‘D ata not collected for commission bulk-tank stations.
Operating
expenses,
including
pay
roll
(thousands
of
dollars)
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
Employees
(fulltime
and
parttime),
average
for year >
Total
pay roll i
(thousands
of
dollars)
Stocks
on hand,
end of
year
(thousands
of
dollars)
176,756 42,802,913 4,103,480 97,225 1,260, 653 2,022,262 3,106,608
88,931 17.661.691 2,228,347 91, 689 759. 556 1,182,276 3,067,849
78,277 14,446.31£ 1,904,174 54,685 674,098 1,008,833 1,062,-289
128 100,569 9,402 33 3,420 5,481 13,444
502 284,121 24,641 235 5,634 12,273 40,374
513 571,490 51,598 340 7,308 12,831 75,328
2,241 1,068,234 08,475 1,313 21.834 46,401 147, 738
1,033 444,877 72,939 m 24, 724 41,578 94,811
1,031 365,926 23, 545 497 4,901 12,252 3,511
189 13,984 3, 226 151 1,188 1,339 2,116
101 183,308 9,389 3,646 5,245 14,865
4,256 212,776 31,(364 4,023 12, 742 IS, 982 7,173
11,934 7,448,014 831,155 299 211,290 402,706 596, 558
4,198 3,820,074 236,BBS 149 42, B06 106,093
27,383 2,704,047 391,095 8, 546 o) to 157,087
3,880 298,627 37,147 3,075 12,901 17,460 13, 067
17,017 2,002, 540 234,859 471 78,258 129,401 122, 718
8,436 402,874 06,089 m 21,302
IB, 147 8,908,076 256,749 14,950 68,285 129,800 B9,665
609 382,857 10,692 630 6.585 0,094 2,716
3,922 2,880,546 39,411 3,255 9,885 20,390 10,810
3,135 2,062,491 07,304 2,818 18,298 34,104 30,486
496 276,606 14,638 305 3,851 6,382 3,802
335 212,573 10,357 207 1,272 3,134 6,478
7,548 708,019 44, 092, 6,557 14,300 23,005 12,002
1,712 1,439,710 03,412 885 11,759 31,228 23,179
390 276,774 6,783 293 2,335 4,533 192

w h o l e sa l e tr a d e 871
No. 867.— W h o l e s a l e T r a d e — S u m m a ry , b y T y p e o p O p e r a t i o n a n d K in d
o p B u s in e s s : 1935— Continued
TYPE OP OPERATION
AND KIND OP BUSINESS
Number
of
establish-
.
merits
Net
sales
(thousands
of
dollars)
Operating
expenses,
incl. pay
rob
(thousands
of
dollars)
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
Employees
(fulltime
and
parttime),
average
for year
Total
pay roll
(thousands
of
dollars)
Stocks
on hand,
end of
year
(thousands
of
dollars)
Assemblers____ _____________________ 86. 515 2,483,021 166,245 16, 695 87,378 74,401 105,150
Country buyers of farm products............ 10,813 040,147 32,981 10, 035 21,028 14,795 88i 633
Cream stations........... -.............................. 3, 619 29, 854 1,470 2, 239 2,232 1, 033 222
Cooperative marketing associations......... 2,117 955, 727 60,318 22, 692 23, 400 58, 557
Elevators (grain)....................................... 8, 462 600, 363 30,147 2,761 16,164 15,100 41,766
Paokers ana shippers —............................. 1, 604 230,020, 41,320 1, 070 25, 262 20,007 5,982
FULL-SERVICE AND LIMITED-FUNCTION
“WHOLESALERS
Amusement and sporting goods................... 1,088 117,045 21,308 641 7,076 12, 092 14,223
Cameras and motion picture equipment
and supplies............................................. 74 4,807 1,083 44 407 624 Qlfi
Moving picture films................................ 191 38, 268 6,063 43 1, 023 8,447 1,420
Sporting goods (full line).......................... 134 17, 020 3,631 78 1,275 1,982 4,053
Toys, novelties, and fireworks................. 461 35,393 6,074 349 2,543 4,102 5,166
Ail other.................................................... 208 21,467 3,607 127 1,228 1,937 2, 669
Automotive_________________________ 6, 672 780,424 131,401 3, 863 49, 514 75, 276 107,830
Automobiles and other motor vehicles-— 399 378, 72(3 30,051 130 11,316 19,118 23, 782
Automotive equipment............................. 4,840, 349,180 8 7 ,2 6 5 2,032 35, 511 52,042 74, 807
Tires and tubes.......................................... 433 52,512 8,085 . 301 2,687 4,116 9,181
Beer, wines, and liquors,,......... .............. 5,496 698, 511 91,814 4,298 31,380 43, 682 65,048
Beer and other fermentsd malt liquors— 4,016 281, 259 40,791 3, 400 16,379 18,379 Q, 974
Wines and liquors..................................... 1,480 417, 252 51,023 802 10,001 25,303 46,009
Chemicals and paints_____ ____________ 1,496 275,301 46,008 627 10, 741 20, 530 32,569
Dyestuffs............... ...... ............................. 57 15,810 4,100 18 676 1,094 I, fifl7
Explosives............................................... 20 1, 015 286 12 121 149 ’ 201
Industrial chemicals.,.............................. 204 80,310 9,922 40 2,349 5,350 ft, 4S2
Naval stores.............. ................................. 36 33,148 1,083 3 470 840 2 ,ftl7
Paints and varnishes.................................... 772 66,328 15,003 370 4,097 7,931
All other.................... ............... .............. ........ 331 78,084 14,894 184 2,120 4,557 6,447
Clothing and furnishings................................... 3, 960 648,881 88,677 3,177 26,383 46,360 73,495
Clothing and/or furnishings (full line)._ 574 65,505 9,407 523 3,057 4,976 8,948
Men’s and boys’____________________ 1,001 117,443 10,124 874 4,743 8,270 17’ 137
Women’s and children’s.............................. 1,085 233.602 31,344 775 8,639 17,044 1ft, 9Jffl
Purs, dressed and fur clothing................... 277 33,093 3,019 2GG 813 1,848 3, 772
Hosiery________ _____ _______________ 202 35,657 3,042 173 1,140 1,009
Millinery and millinery supplies______ 360 42,161 7,095 236 2,281 3| 775 4, ftSft
Shoes and other footwear_______________ 461 121,420 10,740 330 4,710 8,528 10; 016
Coal and coke__ ______________________ 773 368,695 34,955 292 8,847 16,404 26,062
Drugs (full line)___ ___________________ 895 324,113 41,274 36 16,077 22| 465 55,348
Drugs and drug sundries (specialty lines).. 1,268 123,468 25.760 774 8,010 12,420 13,206
Drug specialties____________ . . . . ____ 342 29,554 4,844 220 1,964 2,701
Patent mcdicinos____________ _________ 215 21,996 4,110 111 1,110 1,898 i , m
Toilet articles and preparations................... 420 40,671 11,140 250 3,465 5,536 3, M .9
All other_______________________________. . . 285 31,240 6,606 178 1,471 2,286 4,030
Dry goods (full line)_____________ ________ 306 266,724 38,426 164 14,272 22,030 46,296
Drygoods (specialtylines)______________ 3,301 719,876 82,228 2,477 22,652 43, 398 118,648
Notions..___________________ _______ 015 96,778 17,876 712 G, 082 10, 387 lflj 7*10
Piece goods_________________________ 1,873 593,867 59,091 1,304 14, 908 30, 393 flfl,4M
All other__ ______________________ _ 513 29,031 4,001 461 1, 602 2, 018 6,317
Bleotrioal goods_______________________ 2,438 576, 542 99,460 1,061 30, 088 52,405 75,424
Electrical merchandise (full line)............. 419, 184,233 20,033 M 8,405 14.787 26,600
Apparatus and equipment........................ 199 20,931 4,415 104 1, 719 2,643 3,041
Wiring supplies and construction material........................................................
734 76,859 14, 455 354 5, 331 8, 352 ia, run
Radios, refrigerators, and appliances....... 1,080 294,519 53,657 554 14, 033 26,713 32,601
Farm products—raw materials..................... 2,199 1,662,487 105,198 1, 557 91, 693 34,200 935,379
Cotton........................................................ 263 618,244 34,807 206 2,400 5.204 68,082
Grain........................................................... 474 483,949 27, 080 234 5,888 9,983 74 997
Hides, skins, and furs (raw)..................... 874 189,342 15,282 696 3,608 7,004 24. 260
Livestock, Including horses and mules... 35 3, 013 477 41 142 203 401
Silk (raw).................-.................. ......... . . . 16 67,398 2,059 0 223 870 9 ,2 3 0
Tobacco (loaf)............................................ 224 73.938 10,732 137 6,071 5 ,16G 2 8 ,632
Wool and mohair....................................... 160,173 0,201 121 1,439 3,442 24j 827
All o th er................................................... 178 69,836 5,500 113 1,866 2,329 7 ,546
Farm produots—consumer goods................. 11,188 1,941,056 213, 658 10. is n 7 7 ,8 1 6 107. IBS 47,140
Dairy produots........................................... 2,178 427,960 72,198 1, 284 26,161 37,450 9,833
Poultry and poultry produots.—............ 1, 778 230,602 18,124 1, 712 7,760 8,517 5,884
Dairy and poultry products..................... 1,019 304,570 24, 096 822 8,373 12,912 8,229
Emits and vegetables (fresh).................... 6,164 972,632 97, 704 6,265 36,813 47,973 22,895
All othor................................................... 49 6,383 631 45 219 304J 299

8 7 2 DISTRIBUTION, SERVICES, AND HOTELS
No. 8 6 7 .— W h o l e s a l e T r a d e — S u m m a ry , b y T y p e o f O p e r a t i o n a n d K in d
o p B u s in e s s : 1935—Continued
T Y P E O F O P E R A T I O N A N D K I N D O F B U S I N E S S
Number
of
establishments
Net sales
(thousands
of
dollars)
Operating
expenses,
including
pay
roll
(thousands
of
dollars)
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
Employees
(fulltime
and
parttime),
average
for year
Total
pay roll
(thousands
of
dollars)
Stocks
on hand,
end of
year
(thousands
OS
dollars)
F U L L - S E R V I C E A N D L I M I T E D - F U N C T I O N
W h o l e s a l e r s — c o n t i n u e d
Farm supplies................................................
F eed............... ...........................................
Fertilizer....... ............................................
Seeds................. . ........... ...........................
All other, . . ...............................................
Furniture and house furnishings................ .
China, glassware, and crockery.............._
Floor coverings...........................................
Furniture (household and office),............
House furnishings (except as specified)__
Musical instruments and sheet music__
General merchandise__________________
Groceries (full line)______ . ____
Groceries and foods (specialty lines)............
Canned goods_______ _______________
Coffee, tea, and spices___________ ____
Confectionery______________________
Fish and sea foods__________ . ___ ____
Flour............................................................
Meats and meat products______ ______
Soft drinks_________________________
Sugar...........................__...............I___lmm
Other food and grocery specialties_____
Hardware___________________ _______ _
Hardware (full line)_____ ______ ____
Hardware (specialty lines)_____ ______
Jewelry and optical goods___ . . . . . . ______
Jewelry (fuhline).......................................
Clocks and watches....................................
Diamonds find other precious stones___
Other jewelry specialties............... .........
Optical goods............... ..............................
lum ber and construction materials.
Builders' supplies (full line)........
Lumber and millwork..................
Brick, tile, and terra cotta_____
Cement, lime, and plaster_____
Glass...............................................
Sand, gravel, and crushed stone.
All other........................................
Machinery, equipment and supplies..........
Commercial machinery, equipment, and
supplies;
Office (except furniture)......................
Store, restaurant, and hotel..................
AH other.................................................
Farm and dairy machinery and equipm
ent-.-__________________ _____
Industrial equipment and supplies:
Industrial (full line)__________ „____
Belting, hose, and packing.................. .
Power transmission equipment____ _
Rope, cordage, and twine___________
All other..................................................
Industrial machinery:
Construction (including road building),
Machine tools____________________
Mining and quarrying...............I____I,
Oil well and oil refining__________
Power plant...........................................
T extile..—. ________________ _____ _
Used machinery and equipment_____
All other-..........................................
Professional equipment and supplies:
Dental........................ ........... ...........
Surgical, medical, and hospital___
All other_______________ ________
1,433 281,731 35,100 892 12, 780 18,566 33,213
951 149,087 14,001 633 5,524 6,768 11,244
78 32,015 3,286 5C 602 1, ooe 2,900
354 • 90,769 16,848 186 0, 200 8,348 18, 289
50 9,870 962 23 363 444 771
1,969 243,467 43,845 1,335 18, 978 23,108 50, 742
S21 33,197 8,226 196 2,728 4,577 6, 657
366 89,021 12,321 202 3,551 6,144 22, 569
376 38,164 7,626 24S 2,642 4,074 5,917
784 69,327 11,161 643 3,875 0,051 11,746
113 13,448 4,021 46 1,282 2,260 3,863
208 361,647 28,076 122 0,266 18,942 34,062
3,833 1,953,702 173, 757 1,443 87, 583 98, 077 242,071
12,156 1, 082, 901 209,791 10,434 rs, 646l 108,429 132,811
291 77,222 10, 55f: 222 2, 608 4,280 9,724
904 220,48? 36,020 591 11, 631 18,547 25,493
2,070 111, 807 13,447 1,980 6,598 7,602 9,198
1,286 120,054 22,337 1,07? 8,497 11,481 0,510
605 77,909 7,36f 365 2,459 3,413 6,005
2,218 441,852 46,634 2, i n 16, 283 24,847 12,683
429 20,815 3,93( 333 1,636 2,150 1,486
126 62,382 S, 26C 57 1,164 1,702 3,498
4,268 550,372 C6,223 3,631 28,780 34,407 59,314
1,129 428,249 77, 081 454 30,741 40,178 106, 980
610 387,02C 09, 265 137 27,387 41,214 97, 427
519 41,229 8, 726 317 3,354 4, m 9, 553
1,801 180,685 85,481 1,800 11,105 19,185 47,213
224 42,107 6,99S 174 2,031 3,513 12,700
160 20, m 5, 23( 11C 1,044 2,642 4, 045
274 27,732 3, 25£ 280 568 1,272 12,759
76? 63, 834 9, 678 611 3,098 5,364 13,141
. 385 27,814 10,318 126 4,364 6,604 4, 568
2,817 491,857 82,051 1,251 27,245 42,818 83,852
504 70,061 16,162 212 5,768 8,74C 10,733
1,697 339,002 48,01E 701 16,170 24,350 41,410
119 8,732 1,882 4S 577 943 1, 414
130 18,05< 3,42< 54 1, 220 1,757 1, 532
202 21, 63i 6, 684 154 2,707 4,08C 5,300
IK 10,267 2,92C 5C 952 1,434 1,040
95 17,131 2,966 32 861 1,503 2,223
7, IBB 836,647 171, 611 3,705 57,140 95,410 167,474
194 14,308 4,194 131 1, 656 2,472 2,040
673 44,860 11,767 464 4,443 6,738 7, 567
68 5,195 1,090 30 402 050 586
336 46,260 8,163 181 2,818 4,327 0,047
189 79,828 15,178 20 5,282 8,800 18,420
168 12, 281 3,092 66 959 1,779 1,976
6( 6,77? 1,610 21 530 918 1,353
6( 14,087 1,636 33 465 952 1,304
1,028 102,508 21,282 552 7,248 12, 240 17,370
277 53,831 10,310 87 3,027 5,358 8,648
79 10,689 1,862 - 41 603 1,091 2,269
87 11,184 2,09? 37 717 1,210 2, 586
759 152,273 16,791 167 4,050 8,163 27,168
65 5,80€ 1,32S 40 444 799 867
4? 5,14C 1,333 20 453 862 874
192 11,851 3,325 143 1,235 1,821 2,891
354 24, 292 6,379 205 2,143 3, 728 4,816
256 23,202 0,528 110 . 2,410 4,120 ' 6,406
203 26,033 7,41C 78 2,313 4, 286 4, 481
252 30,121 .7,618 139 2,653 3,999 7,021

WH'OLESIALE TtUADE 873
No. 8 6 7 .—Wholesale T rade—Summary, by T ype op Operation and K ind
op Business: 1935— Continued
TYPE O F OPERATION AND K IN D OF BUSINESS
Number
of
establishments
Net sales
(thousands
of
dollars)
Operating
expenses,
including
pay
roll
(thousands
of
dollars)
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
Employees
(fulltime
and
parttime),
average
for year
Total
pay roll
(thousands
of
dollars)
Stocks
on hand,
end of
year
(thousands
o f
dollars)
FULL-SERVICE, ETC.,- W H OLESALERS— COn.
Machinery, equipment, and supplies—Con.
Service equipment and supplies:
646 38,348 12,063 470 4,495 6,733 7,838
138 21,768 4,802 35 1,276 2.581 2,688
200 25; 636 5,887 101 1,746 3,033 6,764
623 34,516 8,457 411 3,359 5,046 6,005
Transportation equipment and supplies:
15 1.446 285 3 108 101 323
3$ 16,588 3,691 7 601 1, 536 1, 522
Boats(includingmotor, sail,and steam). 71 5.447 1,094 47 372 611 1,245
All other.................................................. 123 12,373 2,470 67 826 1,361 3,313
Metals and metal work (except scrap)____ 810 281, 996 37,316 307 10,623 18,324 39,989
345 114,884 20,572 121 5,078 9,904 18,719
93 18,965 3,877 22 1, 641 2,342 3,358
61 7,759 1,152 SO 477 655 1.078
Copper........................................................ 10 4,636 488 12 145 202 667
179 40, 243 8,268 78 2,155 3,402 5. 520
113 96,610 4,973 44 1,227 2,609 12.697
3, 649 408,836 74,848 1,417 25,306 44,469 57,938
Wrapping or coarse paper and products.. 1,672 201,670 40,837 914 17.307 30,149 30.320
211 62,640 11,153 54 3,197 6,764 8,680
604 38,200 8,487 337 3,359 5,003 0,411
262 10,010 6,300 112 1,742 2,543 3,513
674 132,300 17,137 380 4,437 8,089 8,486
Plumbing and heating equipment and
1,743 243, 173 48,209 636 16,919 26,861 60.812
PluiiiBing and heating (full lino)........... 503 110,802 22,480 63 7,729 12,321 26,454
224 24, 082 6,623 103 1,860 3,167 4,547
Plumbing fixtures, equipment and
866 88,405 17,631 392 6,369 9,744 18,391
146 10,164 2,568 78 971 1,629 1,420
Tobacco and its products (except leaf)____ 2,253 783.388 42,863 1,860 14,687 21,547 40,002
Waste materials_______________________ 4,798 899,664 68,093 4,406 29,461 30.842 34,117
1,456 160,181 20.731 1,320 9.050 10,626 14,845
1,537 79,637 13.288 1,641 8,230 7,131 3.293
1,678 125,994 21,687 j . m 11,412 11,672 9,528
222 27, 952 2,487 175 752 1,152 1,451
4,184 650,233 72. 860 3.052 26,362 39, 260 68,711
Books, periodicals, and newspapers____ 636 10S, 660 20,454 338 0,060 12,006 8,445
539 25,124 5,048 482 1,934 2.693 1,307
550 80,373 8,497 437 2,873 4,492 8,355
1,067 104,873 13,834 850 4,487 7, 20s 18.235
Oils and greases (animal and vegetable)._ 77 43,212 3,409 30 674 1,635 6,527
27 62,436 2,701 5 333 1,077 12.255
Textiles and materials except dry goods.. 305 35,445 5,203 202 2,302 2,972 4,600
175 41,562 3,800 115 1,183 1,099 4,100
818 48,658 9,784 621 3,410 5,269 6,837
M ANUFACTURERS' SALES BKANCHES (W ITH
STOCKS)
Maohinery, equipment, and supplies.........
Metals and metal work (except scrap)........
Plumbing and heating equipment and
Tobacco and its products (except leaf)___
All other products.......................................
2 0 7 7 0 0 ° — 4 1 ---------5 7
241 m2, non 19,228 5,466 9,304 11,836
890 1,261,866 90,160 .6 23.611 45,242 08,683
377 205,812 37.390 0 5,284 11,533 10, 769
601 427, 536 64 137 12 10,945 26,427 36,117
345 282,163 34,200 82 8,206 18,195 38, 915
10 8,331 1,470 359 604 261
270 128,468 33, 097 11 7,050 13,500 11, 024
208 180,322 19, 032 28 4,000 10,207 30,700
428 349,819 31, 085 0 7,832 17, 070 21, 800
327 71,570 17 668 5 4,313 7,129 2,627
74 31,785 4,831 2 U17 i, 830 2,070
250 78,060 10.888 17 2,473 4, 980 8,730
3,102 2,252,160 202,100 32 61,570 , 87,206 82,245
02 18,327 2, 770 1 714 1, 453 3,054
249 01,468 10,921 10 3,102 5, 366 11,406
201 112,702 18,684 8 5,610 10, 253 13,485
2,642 803,362 146,042 28 43,085 '83,199 112,209
271 243,360 23,086 6 7,041 12,686 42,027
206 150,420 18,490 6 4,433 9,168 14,354
5fi 18,175 3,801
814 1, 910 1,081
367 102,251 21.310 8 6,313
66 407,526 60,103 7 8,380
366 167,468 18,000 19 4 177
o, 701
7,007
8, 016
17,885
12, 201
24,872

8 7 4 d i s t r i b u t i o n , s e r v i c e s , a n d h o t e l s
No. 8 6 7 .—W h o le sa le T ra d e —Summary, by Type o f O p eratio n and Kind
o f B usiness: 1935— Continued
TYPE OP OPERATION AND KIND OP BUSINESS
MARUPAOItmEES' SALES OFFICES
(WITHOUT STOCKS)
Number
of
establishments
Net sales
(thousands
of
dollars)
Operating
expenses,
includ-
V
(thousands
of
dollars)
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
Employees
(fulltime
and
parttime),
average
for year
Total
pay roll
(thousands
of
dollars)
Stocks
on hand,
end of
year
(thousands
of
dollars)
140 119,173 19,265 1 5,552 10,311
30 53,549 3| 575 088 1,687
37 81,280 9,248 928 2,470
200 190,157 18,822 I 2,484 7j 164
208 101,042 7,572 52 1,286 3,823
0 11,526 348 48 136
Drugs and drug sundries (specialty lines).. 31 9,940 2,135 8 618 1,024
133 225,476 8,182 9 1,685 4,491
263 137,180 8,367 1 1,655 4,377
5 3,350 696 57 109
33 17,043 2,298 1 343 673
114 66,079 4, 547 17 598 1,043
200 253, 777 34,223 6 3,243 7,010
31 10,072 926 1 216 541
41 6,515 644 7 146 402
277 109,299 18,868 6 4,421 . 9,994
1,140 492,453 31, 111 19 6,714 17.847
Metals an'd meta’l work (except’scrap)........ 470 1,021,883 29,371 4 5, 502 15,703
181 130,843 7,988 3 1,060 3, 282
25 40,880 7,017 1 955 2,350
Plumbing and heating equipment and
178 22,954 3,130 3 606 1,497
128 316,330 7,003 1 1,356 2,781
292 137,267 13, 568 8 . 2,765 B, 778
BULK-TANK STATIONS
Petroleum and Its products........................... 27, 333 2,704,047 391,005 3,546 (0 « 157,687
AGENTS AND BROKERS
Amusement and sporting goods........... ...... 246 28,931 3,277 216 807 1,542 833
Automotive............................................ . . . . 448 66,081 4,038 397 995 1,691 2,423
Beer, wines, and liquors________________ 73 21,473 916 49 230 482 334
Chemicals and paints__________________ 420 98,427 9,857 290 1,083 2,540 1,557
Clothing and furnishings_______________ 1,203 417,123 13,033 1,133 3 ,7 3 4 7,807 786
Coal and coke................................................. 440 427,346 25,300 82 3,874 10,087 12,443
Drugs and drug sundries (specialty lines).. 140 26,894 1,854 123 643 1,078 194
Dry goods (full line).............. ........................ 14 23,061 289 11 78 174 6
Dry goods (specialty lines)_________ ____ 038 1,015,100 28,403 814 5,861 15,817 12,528
Electrical goods--------------- ------------------- 038 45,863 3,307 534 1,221 1,832 1,762
Farm products—raw materials__________ 3,010 2,710,088 44,692 2,976 16,987 22,004 20,151
Farm products—consumer goods________ 1,484 760,282 28,907 1,182 8,123 14,989 5,109
Farm supplies__________________ _____ 287 87,342 2,218 240 520 976 342
Furniture and house furnishings________ 428 75,283 4,020 362 1,181 2,352 1,485
General merchandise___________________ 69 68,475 2,430, 57 658 1,477 245
Groceries (full line)____________________ 21 11,565 202 17 79 135 120
Groceries and foods (specialty lines)_____ 2,219 1,796,819 26,516 1,743 7,044 14,002 tl, 233
Hardware........ ..................— ------------------ 288 32,0U8 2,099 254 648 1,103 428
Jewelry and optical goods---------------------- 124 6,682 420 119 216 298
Lumber and construction matorials______ 704 139,147 8,632 553 2 , 22s 4,315 1,062
Machinery, equipment and supplies........ 2,496 210,757 20,400 1,922 5,529 11, 202 5, 237
Metals and metal work (except scrap)____ 377 173,220 . 5,178 282 1,0081 2,844 1,324
Paper and its products.................................. 250 88,980 2,014 233 542 1,084 162
Petroleum and Its products.......................... 109 72,733 1,720 03 327 867 144
Plumbing and heating equipment and
supplies...............-....................................— 427 25,790 2,080 313 888 1,462 630
Tobacco and its products (except leal)____ 9 1,529 49 10 12 26 1
Waste materials.................... — ................ 112 40,369 1,930 59 310 901 558
All other products___„___________. . . . . . . 1,084 484,590 12,224 907 8,409 6,202 8,665
ASSEMBLERS
Farm produots—raw materials________— 14, 293 1,493,387 66,820 7,302 30,085 28,507 175,717
Farm products—consumer goods................. 10, 814 805,908 87, 780 7,094 48,553 39,999 13,0G5
Farm supplies................................................. 511 29, 250 2,422 376 1,322 1,170 1,674
Groceries and foods (specialty lines)........... 692 69, 541 8,040 624 6,809 4,270 4,373
AH other produots_____________________ 806 4,865 827 299 549 455 421
i Data not collected for commission bulk-tank stations; for data for other bulk-tank stations, see p. 870.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1035, Wholesale Distribution,
Vol. IX.

WHOLESALE TRADE 875
No. 868.— W h o l e s a l e T b a d e — S u m m a ry f o b 25 C i t i e s : 1935
Noth.—Sales, expenses, pay roll, andstooks in thousands of dollars. The wholesale-trade centers covered
in the following table were selected on the basis of their volume of wholesale trade in 1033
CITY
Number
of
establishments
NET SALES
Oporat- Aotive
Employees
pro­
(fullprietors
Percent
penses
time
(including
and
and part-
Amount gain firm
over
pay
time),
members
for 1933
roll)
average
the
Total
PAY BOLL >1
Fulltime
Parttime
Stocks
on
hand
(end of
year)
year 1
809
1, 622
328,474
424/478
66.7
27.7
35, 591
44, 298
315
1,176
9, 473
15, 072
15,701
22,006
15, 535
21, 601
106
345
22,077
27,825
Atlanta, Ga....................
Baltimore, M d...............
Boston, Mass.................. 8, 330 1,333,016 86.1 114,518 1,862 32,334 00,763 59, 916 837 87,420
Buffalo, N. Y ................. 892 350,096 42.8 29, 275 428 6, 080 16, 347 15,126 221 10,172
Chicago, 111..................... 6,402 3,269,729 46.7 297, 064 3,435 83,340 154, 706 162, 710 1,906 169,244
Cincinnati, Ohio............ 1,383 477,139 63.» 44,147 860 13.090 22, 506 22,174 331 24, 596
Cleveland, Ohio............. 2,123 681,242 88. (1 73,834 1,030 21, 502 39, 341 38, 738 603 38,073
Dallas, Tex..................... 903 409, 008 34.4 38, 298 470 9,802 16,184 16, 002 182 40, 037
Denver, Colo.................. 835 261, 593 47.7 24, 004 425 7,431 11,907 11, 731 176 13,047
Detroit, Mich................. 2. 333 950,734 66.1 76, 744 1,332 22, 727 39,953 39, 289 664 39,501
Houston, Tex................. 576 331,180 73.0 33, SOS 250 7, 259 11,823 11, 626 197 30,938
Indianapolis, Ind........... 735 306,302 86.1 25, 323 380 8, 232 13,030 12,850 180' 15,493
Kansas City, Mo........... 1,459 649,885 34.4 53, 230 882 15, 983 26,488 20, 085 403 49,766
Los Angeles, Calif.......... 3,975 939,461 43.9 111,081 2,861 34,820 55, 622 54,140 1,482 84,733
Milwaukee, Wis............. 1,251 344,732 32.4 37, 469 548 12, 046 20, 560 20, 220 343 25,582
Mpls. and St. Paul,
Minn, (combined)___ 1.655 788,585 35.3 73,958 870 21,196 35, 330 34, 753 577 89,958
Newark, N. J ................. 799 269,815 49.2 30, 765 350 9,110 15,818 15, 038 180 17,005
New Orleans, La............ 934 414,188 30.5 38, 825 496 ll.r 307 16,609 10, 271 338 61,911
New York, N. Y............ 21,418 9,617,910 38.0 861, 920 13,740 199,318 416,328 411,913 4.415 666,888
Omaha, Nebr................. 603 355,319 56.3 23, 036 340 7,101 10,961 10, 772 189 15,452
Philadelphia, Pa............ 3,901 1,325,154 34.4 132, 040 2,733 37,347 66,126 03, 928 1, 198 82,864
Pittsburgh, Pa............... 1,486 692,155 37.9 53,806 904 15,089 28,116 27, 733 383 31,229
St. Louis, Mo................. 2,102 882,323 33.1 09, 987 1,065 29,910 49, 372 48, 779 593 77,400
San Francisco, Calif___ 2,942 1,149,864 39.3 124, 473 2, 307 29,303 53,357 52, 382 976 94,138
Seattle, Wash................. 1,276 329,668 49.1 36, 523 540 10,009 18,381 18,002 379 29,460
i Data for commission bulk-tank stations are not included. i See note 2, table 865.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of Census; Census of Business, 1035, "Whsl. Distr., Vols. I and II.
No. 8 6 9 .—Wholesale T rade—P ercentage Changes in Sales: 1935 to 1937
N o t e .—The 1937-38 Census Survey of Wholesale Distribution covered a total of 18,417 establishments,
comprising 12,840 service and limited-function wholesalers in 22 of the 20 kind-of-busincss groups recognised
by the census classification of wholesale establishments; 5,470 manufacturers’ sales branches; and
101 fruit and vegetable commission merchants. On the basis of the returns for the 1935 Census of Business,
these establishments constituted a sample of 19 percent in number and 33 percent in sales for the
service and limited-Iunction wholesalers in the 22 kind-of-business groups, and a sample of 63 percent in
number and 67 percent in sales for the manufacturers’ sales brandies. The saies of the 12,849 service
and limited-function wholesalers in 1937 amounted to $5,769;482,000, and those of the 5,470 manufacturers’
sales branches in that year reached a total of $6,980,208,000. (No figures for the fruit and vegetable
commission merchants a re given in this table)
KIND-OF-BUSINEBS GROUP
SERV ICE AND LIM ITED
FUNCTION W H O LESA LERS
Number
of
establishments
1037
Percent increase
in sales
1936 to
1937
1036 to
1037
M A NUFACTURERS
BRA N CHES
Number
Of
branches
1937
SALES
Percont increase
in sales
1935 to
1937
1936 to
1937
•Total____________ ___________ ____________ _____ 12,840 31.1 10.8 5,476 32.0 11.8
024 44.0 10.8 509 43.5 14.8
684 57.0 14.2 113 29.8 7.1
292 29.6 10.0 317 35.9 10.4
627 19.3 1.8 110 18.1 5 .3
308 24.7 10.6 54 22.1 9.5
730 10.7 3.9 60 4.5 3 - 2 . 6
596 66.3 24.1 2 15 80.9 26.8
904 23.7 5. 2
254 30.3 16.8 31 14.4 15.0
400 37.4 8.8 160 2 8 .7 8.1
72 20.5 0. 8
1,009 17.1 0. 7
1,880 20.3 10.2 1,755 15.0 6 .4
271 29.4 10. 5 31 47.5 17.0
372 4 4 .4 11.4 170 47.8 10.5
608 40.3 14.2 97 00,7 11.9
1. 562 48.6 10.4 1,519 50.5 10.1
630 27.7 12.4 58 27.8 11.7
Plumbing and heating equipment and supplies— 486 57.8 14.3 243 69,1 20.1
Tobacco and its produots, except leaf...................... 309 20.8 9.0 28 9.5 3.1
i Represents eombinatlon of "Drugs (full line)” and "Drugs and drug sundries (specialty lines).”
i Represents eombinatlon of “Dry goods (full line)’’ and "D ry goods (specialty lines).” ! Decrease.
Source; Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of the Census; Census Survey of Business, 1937-38,Wholesale Distribution,

8 7 6 DISTRIBUTION, SERVICES, AND HOTELS'
No. 8 7 0 .— R e t a i l T r a d e — P e r c e n t a g e C h a n g e s i n S a l e s , f o r T o t a l
S t o r e s , I n d e p e n d e n t s , a n d C h a in s , .b y K i n d - o f - B u s i n e s s G r o u p s : 1935
t o 1937 a n d F i r s t H a l e o f 1937 t o F i r s t H a l f o f 1938
Note.—The 1937-38 Census Survey of Rotail Business covered 102,853 identical stores in 42 kinds of business—80,064
independents and 22,189 chain units. These stores constituted a sample of 6 percent in number
and 17 percent in sales (of stores reporting $5,000 or more in annual sales volume), based on the returns
of the 1935 Census of Business. Their sales amounted to $5,547,985,000 in 1935, and reached a total of
$0,692,669,0001111937, The sales sample for independents was 13 percent and for chain units was 28 percent
of the total sales of these respective types of operation in 1936
PERCENT OF INCREASE OR DECREASE (—) IN SALES
KIND-OF-BUSINESS GROUP
1935 to 1937 ■ First half 1937 to first halfi038
Total
Chain
units
Total
Independents
Independents
Chain
units
Total........................ ...............................
Pood .stores....................................................
General-merchandise group.......... -..............
Apparel croup.......................... .......................
Automotive group...........................................
Pumituro and household group...................
Lumber, building, and hardware group.—
Eating and drinking places...........................
Drug stores................................- .....................
Other rotail stores.................... —...................
- 20.6 22.8 17.1 -1 3 .0 -1 6 .2 - 9 .0
13.7
13.9
17.4
17.3
33.0
35.8
37.7
20.9
14.4
23.1
14.1 13.3 - 4 .9
-1 1 .2
17.1 17.6 -1 0 .3
17.0 17.8 -1 2 .5
34.4 24.9 -3 0 .4
36.1. 31.8 -2 3 .4
38.2 34.6 -1 5 .2
28.1 17.4 - 7 .3
19.2 8.2 - 6 5
22.5 26.3 -1 4 .7
- 6 .4 - 3 .1
-1 0 .9
-1 1 .8
-3 3 .1
-2 2 .9
-1 6 .1
-7 .1
- 3 .8
-1 3 .7
—9.8
—13.8
-1 1 .0
-2 8 .8
- 9 .6
- 8 .5
- 7 .8
—19.4
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of tho Census; Consus Survey of Business, 1937-38, Retail Survey.
No. 8 7 1 .— R e t a i l T r a d e — N e t S a l e s , b y K in d o f B u s i n e s s G r o u p s : 1932
t o 1939
Poreont
in-
crease,
1039
from
1938
rciND-Or-BUSINESS GROUP
NET SALES (MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
1932 1933 1934 1935 1930 1937 1938 1939
Total.
Food group 1........................................
Beer and liquor stores....... .................
Eating and drinking places................ ,
General-merchandise group:
Farmers’ supply and country
95,597 25,037 29,188 83,161 37,940 39,930 36,425 37, 950 7.0
(7, 261 G, 776
\7,606 7,088 7,580
7,784
jg, 362 8,981 9,340 8,920 0,095 2.0
17 260 32S 394 408 394 418 0.0
1,630 1,430 1,932 2,391 2,702 2,878 2,676 2,770 3.6
fl, 218 1,661 1,005
general stores1............................ . t 973 i , m 1,611
Jl, 710 1,898 1,993 1,784 1,820 2.0
Department, dry-goods, and general-merchandise
stores.............. . 3,208 2,903 3,280 3,453 3,874 4.107 3,783 4,030 6.5
Mail order, catalog only............. . 201 220 300 380 460 490 463 510 12.0
Variety stores................................ 060 678 754 781 851 885 858 905 5.5
Apparel group...................................... . 2,331 1,923 2,372 2,650 3,028 3,395 2,923 3,086 * 5.5
Automotive group............................... 2,178 2,887 3,559 4,606 6,711 5,010 3.900 4,990 28.0
Filling stations.................................... . 1,065 1.532 1,750 1,908 2,263 2,478 2,404 2,428 1.0
Furniture and household group.......... . 895 969 1.092 1,290 1,613 1,718 1,425 1,603 12.5
Lumber, building, and hardware
group................................................. . 1,389 1,343 1,650 1.864 2,375 2,565 2,270 2,407 10.0
Drug stores......................................... „ 1,182 1,066 1,156 1,233 1,344 1,411 1,376 1,410 2.5
Jewelry stores........................... ......... . 188 175 203 235 282 312 279 307 10.0
Other stores....................................... . 1,686 1,477 1,735 1,898 2,164 2,240 1,970 2,073 5.,Q
1The 1935 figures for tho food group include data for some stores classified as country goneral stores in
prior censuses. Figures in italics arc estimates by the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, adjusted
for these shifts in classification, for comparison with later years.
Source: 1933 and 1935, Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of the Ceusus; Consus of Business, 1936, Retail Distribution,
Vol. I. Other years, estimates by Dept, of Commerce, Bur. of Foreign and Domestic Commerce,
based on trends shown by currently published statistics; published in the Survey of Current Business,
Feb, 1940, also in mimeographed reports.

RETAIL TRADE 877
No. 8 7 2 .— R e t a i l T r a d e — N u m b e r o p S t o r e s a n d N e t S a l e s , b y B u s i n e s s
G r o u p s a n d K i n d o p B u s i n e s s : 1926, 1933, a n d 1935 i*78
KIND OF BUSINESS
NUMBER OF STORES
NET SALES (THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
1920 1933 1935 1929 1033 1935
United States total______________ 1,643,168 1, 620,119 1,063,981 49,114,653 25,037,226 33. 161,276
Food stores1________________________ 481,891 470,149 632,010 10,837,421 6,776,280 8,382,4 2 5
Candy and confectionery stores........... 03,206 54,243 55,197 571,649 271,213 314,467
Dairy-products stores (including egg,
poultry, and milk dealers)................ 11,736 18,092 22,127 797,819 498,536 028,766
Grocery stores (without meats)______ 191,870 1 63,53S 188,738 3,449,129 1,803,242 2,202,607
Combination stores (groceries and «
meats)................................................. 115,549 140,372 166,233 3,003,662 3.201.042 4 ,149,813
M eat and fish markets.......................... 49,865 38,344 39,474 1 ,33ft, 958 401,800 612,451
Other food stores____ _____________ 49,000 55,560 60,241 778.304 510,381 454,332
General stores (with food) >_______ ____ 104,086 85,839 .66,701 2,670,744 1,097.437 1,110,408
General merchandise group___________ 64,030 >49,703 44,861 6,444,101 >3,884,670 4,619,751
Drygoods and general merchandise
stores__________________________ 38,305 34,122 28,709 1,189,850 668,145 527,802
Department stores8......... ........... .......... 4,221 > 3,536 4,201 4,350,098 >2,638,268 3,311,070
Variety, 6-ond-10, an d to -a -d o lla r
stores__________________________ 12,110 12,046 11,741 904,147 678,167 780,819
Apparel group.___ ________ _________ 114,296 >86,667 86,968 4,240,80S >1,980,086 2,656,242
’Men’s clothing and furnishings stores
(including boys’)___________ _____ 28,197 19,491 20,914 1,192,723 489,104 659,617
Family clothing stores.-...................... 10,551 5,765 7,881 652,353 185,371 358,849
Women's ready-to-wear stores_______ 18,253 >17,708 21,975 1,087,601 >575,094 794,992
Accessories and other apparel stores... 33,036 24.697 26,231 001,387 255,874 331,385
Shoe stores......... .................................... 24,259 18,836 18,087 800,829 424,502 511,309
Automotive g ro u p ..___ _________ ____ 130,172 134,989 116,703 7.828.387 2,887, 625 4,606,650
Motor vehicle dealers (new and used). 45,301 30,646 35,045 6,407,512 2,127,720 3,847,642
Accessories, tire, and battery dealers.. 22.313 16,027 14,343 599,295 225,070 373,910
Garages .................. ............. 1,706 1,872 3,071 36,670 14,008 15,034
Filling stations *........................................ 121, BIS 170,404 197,588 1,787,428 1,531,724 1,967,714
Furniture—household group______ ..___ 68,841 42,978 46,216 2,754,721 958,780 1,289,896
Furniture stores............................. , — 25,153 17,418 17,043 1,6C0,815 553, 503 604.578
Household appliance and radio stores. 8.031 3 9,761 14,100 379,704 8 198,662 381,171
Radio dealers..................................„....... 16,037 >8,161 4,296 561,772 8113,899 57,152
Other home furnishings................ , ...... 8,820 7,036 9,776 303,430 92,710 150,905
lumber,building, and hardware group.. 90,386 76,098 73,186 8,845,624 1,342,705 1.864.276
Lumber and building-material dealers. 26,377 21,015 21,149 1,981, 284 603,416 800,805
Hardware and farm implement dealers. 37,572 32,802 36,633 1,224, 560 488,486 768,079
Heating and plumbing equipment
dealers1................................................ 12.709 11,307 5,025 334,277 123,128 89,477
Taint, glass, and electrical stores 8„— 13,728 10,974 10,379 305, 503 127,875 148, 954
134,293 200,885 251,473 2,124,800 1,429, 938 2,390. 860
134,293 170,434 163,468 % 124| 890 1, 324,387 1,666,899
29,901 98,005 105, 551 723,901
Drug stores............................................. — 68,268 68,407 56,697 1,090,399 1,068,252 1,282, 693
Other retail stores........................... .......... 277,707 215,622 217,641 7,412,726 3,124,141 4,067, 630
Cigar stores and stands..................— 33,248 20,175 15,350 410,064 189,756 182, 950
Fuel and ice dealers8............................. 19,118 23,875 35,293 1,013,369 623,077 859,018
Jewelry stores.................................. .. 19,998 14.313 12,447 536,281 175,006 234,893
News dealers..,..............................„— 10,285 6,629 7,071 149,866 58,071 01, 065
3,767 12,105 10,730 328,307
90,972 61,024 68,974 2,732,402 964,004 1,280, 804
Second-hand stores...___________ ___ 16, 065 20,869 29, 660 148,068 106,275 113, 340
i See note 1, table 871, regarding shifts in olavssifications between the food group and "General stores."
i Revised.
* Includes general merchandise mail-order houses.
*This classification includes in 1929, 3,379 body, fender, and paint shops with receipts of $46,106,000 and
2,059 parking stations, parking garages, and lots with rocoipts of $39,262,000, which are included under
'"Service establishments" in 1033 and 1936.
J Bicycle shops, included in this classification in 1Q2Q a nd 1933, ate included w ith "O ther retail stares" m
1935.
o Fuel-oil retailers, included in “Filling stations” in 1933 are included in "Fuel and ioo dealers" under
"Other retail stores" in 1935.
7 Figures for 1935 are not comparable with data for earlier years. Some heating, plumbing, and airconditioning
contractors, included in 1933, were transferred to the Construction Census in 1935.
8 The 1935 figures are not comparable with those for earlier years. A number of electrical contractors,
included in this classification in 1933, were transferred to the Construction Census in 1935 and those electrical
shops whose income from repairs was greater than the said of merchandise wore included under Service
Establishments in 1985.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1935, Retail Distribution,
Vol. L

8 7 8 ’ DISTRIBUTION, SERVICES, AND HOTELS
No. 8 7 3 .— R e t a i l T r a d e — S u m m a ry , b y B u s i n e s s G r o u p s a n d K in d o f
B u s i n e s s : 1935
KIND OF BUSINESS
United States total____ ____ ____ I, Q6S, 961 33,161,276 1,511,784 3,961,478 3,623,289 236,123 7,601,912
Food stores________________________
Candy and confectionery stores..........
Dairy products stores and milk dealers...............................
.......................
Egg and poultry dealers......... .............
Delicatessen stores................................
Fruit stores and vegetable m arkets...
Grocory storos (without meats)...........
Combination stores (groceries and
meats)—..............— .........................
Meat m arkets..-............................... —
Fish markets—-sea food-........... ...........
Bakeries and caterers............................
Other food storos................................
General stores (with food)____________
General merchandise group____ ____ _
Dry goods and general merchandise
storos_________________________
Department stores................................
Variety, fi-and-10, and to-a-dollnr
stores.— ................. ...... ..................
Apparel group--------------------------------
Men’s furnishings stores....................
Men’s clothing and furnishings storos.
Family clothing stores..........................
■Women’s ready-to-wear stores______
Furriers and fur shops..........................
Millinery stores.....................................
Custom tailors......................................
Accessories—other apparel stores.........
Shoo stores...........................................
Automotive group.._________________
Motor vehicle dealers (new)....... ........
Used-car dealers....................................
Accessories, tiro and battery dealers.. _
Garages_______ ____ ____________
Other automotive____ ___ ________
Filling stations___ _____ ___________
Furniture-household group......................
Furniture stores.......... ........................
Floor coverings-drapery stores.............
Household appliance and radio stores.
Radio dealers____________________
Other home furnishings stores.............
lumber-building-hardware group..........
Lumber and building material dealers.......................................................
Hardware stores...................................
Hardware and farm implement deal-
Heating and plumbing equipment
dealers.................................... -..........
Paint, glass, wall paper stores.............
Eleotrical supply stores.......................
Eating and drinking places....................
Restaurants, cafeterias, lunchrooms..
Lunch counters, refreshment stands—
Drinking places...................................
Drug stores...............................................
Drug stores with fountain__________
Drug stores without fountain—_____
Other retail stores.__________________
Bicycle shops____________________
Book stores____ ________ .
Cigar stores and cigar stands..... .........
Florists-_________ _______________
Fuel and ice dealers______ ________
N um -
her of
stores
N et sales
(thousands
of
dollars)
532,010
05,197 8,362,425
314,407
10,380
5,747
0,654
32,632
188,738
166,233
32,665
6,919
14,150
6,905
576,351
62,404
88,708
215,065
2,202,607
4,149,813
566,640
46,811
99,008
49,761
Active
proprieluis
and
firm
members
489,966
53,973
13,084
5,799
6,452
33,246
170,415
148,321
31,978
7,170
12,336
6,593
Em ­
ployees
(lulltime
and parttime),
average
for year
746,103
37,191
79,904
4,602
7,141
23,217
166,031
359,716
45,258
0,220
16,004
9,000
PAY JlOLLl
(THOUSAND OF
DOLLARS)
Total
P arttim
e
Operating
expenses,
incl.
pay roll
(thousands
of
dollars)
663,418
23,120 46,723
2,800 1,386,062
70,069
114,994
2,951
5,077
10,770
125,802
304,000
44,551
4,481
12,830
8,224
1,921
459
502
1,854
10,974
22,920
3,227
558
Q83
459
189,376
7.609
10,271
39,194
281,902
617,799
97,042
10,883
31,840
17,068
68,701 1,110,403 66,783 82,841 60,735 4,186 121,490
44, 851 4,619,761 32,160 729,196 608,817 42,777 1,283,617
28,709
4,201
527,862
3,811,070
25,558
760
05,730
492,090
48,612
468,910
4,030
25,040
10B, 331
066,104
11,741 780,819 5,846 171,376 91,205 13,107 208,082
95,968 2,658,242 73,414 327,629 338,300 24,686 775,880
7,716 143,608 6,010 12,704 15,110 1,045 39,800
13,198 516,949 11,173 45,579 59,705 2,902 136,768
7,881 358,849 6,060 46,777 47,20$ 2,290 103,173
21,975 794,992 17,068 107,469 103,047 0,573 228,873
1,536 59,897 1,007 8,705 10,401 725 23,236
9.568 94,451 6 , 773 18,061 1 4 ,8 6 5 2 , 0 5 9 38,488
8,559 67,129 6,364 14,820 17,310 2,911 31,110
8.569 109,917 7,231 17,733 13.068 1,300 31,622
18,967 611,399 11,668 57,131 56,023 4,775 142,884
116, 702 4,606,650 113,220 378,000 436,993 12,641 820,701
30,294 3,725,438 25,484 257,154 314,274 6,004 674,832
4,751 122,204 4,735 9,868 10,769 644 22,406
14, 343 373,910 10,384 45,751 54,557 1,786 107,078
66, 243 370,064 71,020 03,220 55,122 6,016 111, 274
1, 071 15,034 901 2,007 2,271 132 4,302
197, 568 1,987,714 179,870 203,753 177,188 11,400 356,727
45, 215 1,289,866 35,864 173,081 211,188 10,537 122,430
17, 043 604,578 14,855 77,905 102,005 3,002 221,867
2,611 01,240 2,334 8,943 9,752 516 19,862
14,100 381,171 7,810 65,836 75,156 5,428 133,070
4,296 67,162 4,225 6,135 7,513 442 10,442
7,105 95,749 0,640 16,112 10,702 1,059 31,189
73,186 1,664,275 60,167 193,672 321,113 16,211 422, 441
21,149
20, 996
866,865
467,217
10,819
20,472
90,858
45,658
108,801
48,668
6,360
2,707
202,074
100,955
9, 637 291,762 0,821 22,058 22,381 1,608 46,419
6,025
8,010
1, 469
261,473
113,037
40,431
98,006
66,697
38,731
17,966
151,240
781
2,979
15,350
11,242
36,203
89,477
127,049
21,905
2,390,860
1,453,118
213,781
723,961
1,233,593
950,328
282,265
8,947,127
5,149
67,007
182,950
98,718
859,018
4,315
7,423
1,307
257, 666
•110,408
40,174
100,984
48,363
32,199
16,164
131,822
763
2,384
13,717
10,976
31,026
16,802
14,907
3,389
646,986
442,908
52,844
151,183
159,130
127,830
31,300
300,205
028
12,117
15, 111
17,320
91,673
20,066
17,260
4,058
413,720
282,637
29,595
101,488
143,364
, 112, 660
30,694
331,410
493
13,474
13,820
15,964
106,066
2,004
1,638
310
30,224
16,302
3,046
10,787
1 Includes no compensation for proprietors a nd firm members of unincorporated businesses.
9,035
6,881
2,154
26,084
08
707
793
1,331
13,267
30.986
36,163
6,844
1,000,041
677,590
76,498
245,053
291,770
227,071
64,609
878,205
i , m
23,803
35,075
30,724
206, 521

RETAIL TRADE 879
No. 8 7 3 .—R e ta il T rade— Summary, by B usiness Groups and Kind oit
B usiness: 1935—Continued
K IN D OF BUSINESS
ber of
stores
Net sales
(thousands
of
dollars)
time
and parttime),
average
for year
P A Y R O L L
( T H O U S A N D S O F
D O L L A R S )
Total
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
Parttime
Employees
(full-
Operating
expenses,
inol.
pay roll
(thousands
of
dollars)
Other retail stores—Conti nued.
Gift, novelty, souvenir sh o p s............. 5,612 31,502 5,370 4,285 3i 366 445 9,097
Hay, grain, feed stores (without groceries)...........
..................................... 10,350 317,390 8,720 17,418 16,284 1,037 33,729
Hay, grain, and feed stores (with, groceries)..................................................
782 29,277 612 1,620 1, 397 89 2,822
Farm and garden supply stores.......... 9,170 252; 471 8,259 18,732 18,248 1,646 38,169
Jewelry stores........................................ 12,447 23d,893 11,096 25,709 36,479 1,303 81,886
Luggage stores...................................... 829 16,230 670 1,721 2,124 103 8,128
News dealers....................................... 7,071 61,655 5,590 13,843 ‘ 6,491 1,127 13,992
Sporting goods stores.................. .......... 1,944 35,315 1.741 3,692 4,252 199 9,193
Beer and liquor stores (packaged)___ 12,108 328,307 8,922 16.312 19,458 1,007 41,556
Other classifications............................ 25,379 427,245 21,376 CO, 208 74,494 2,863 138,813
Second-hand stores................................. 22,650 113,340 22,549 20,994 17,113 1,789 33,688
Second-hand stores—clothing and
shoe..................................................... 2,862 6,544 2,820 1,192 631 67 1,660
Second-hand furnituro......................... 8,041 21,061 7,032 3,383 2,232 303 5,707
Second-hand tires, accesorlcs, and
p arts................................................— 6,433 20,088 6,869 7,121 5,392 545 0,396
Pawn shops........................................... 1,142 20,489 1,004 2,288 3,096 91 6,150
Second-hand stores—other................... 5,172 34,358 4,834 7,040 5,762 763 10,669
No. 8 7 1 .— R etail Chains—Summary: 1929, 1933, and 1935
[Sales and pa; roll in thousands of dollars]
1920 1933 1936 1029 1933 1935
Number of ohains---- 7,061 5, 546 6,079 Employees, full-time
Number of rotail uni ts arid part-time......... 1,104,406 1.171.671
159, 638 152, 308 139,810 w 985,984 1.071,094
Number of central Central offices.... m } 118,422
f 73,686
(!) 1,914 26,442 \ 26,322
Number of ware-
559 462 492 (a) 1,051,990 1,211,066
Sales through stores, (2) 868,358 1,023,125
10,710,386 6,767,760
155,249 153,993
Central-office sales... (!) 216,683 8,100,611
281,779 Warehouses......... 40,635 28,383 33,948
Value (wholesale) o(
merchandise han-
Total pay roll per
died through chain-
$100 of total sales... o) $15.06 $13.85
store warehouses
en route to stores1- 1,020,681 1,431, 563 1, 864, 221
i Includes besides the units classified as store chains in tables 878 and 878, leased-department chains
(3,664 for 1938), State liquor stores (2,083 tor 1938), and other lesser types (0,811 tor 1938).
i No comparable data available.
3 Reported by 228 chains.
23,715 271,710 i 390,066
24,246,112
7,550,180
156, 111
123,242
420,027
125,316
160,663
379,617
i “Leased departments” included with "Other types.”
Source of tables 873, 874, and 875: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business,
1985, Retail Distribution, Vol. 1, for tables 873 and 875 and Rotail Chains for table 874.

8 8 0 DISTRIBUTION, SERVICES, AND HOTELS
No. 8 7 6 .— R e t a il T e a m — S u m m a b y f o e 26 K in d s o f B u s i n e s s , b y T y p e o f
O p e r a t i o n : 1935
T Y P E O F O P E R A T IO N A N D K I N D O F
B U S IN E S S
United States total..
Independents...___ _______________
Single-store................... .....................
Two-store.....................................
Three-store........................................
Local branch systems........................
Chains_________ _______________
Local..................................................
Sectional and national.......................
Manufacturer-controlled...................
All other types.......................................
Leased departments, independent—
Leased departments, chain..... ..........
Utility-operatod stores......................
Mail-order houses.............................
Direct selling (house-to-house)..........
State liquor stores3..........................
Military post canteens.....................
Commissaries or company stores ...
Other types.....................................
Grocery stores (without meats).............
Independents.....................................
Ohains....... .......................................
All other types.—........................I.,..
Combination stores (groc. and meats) —
Independents......_.............................
Chains................................................
All other types...................................
Beer and liquor stores (packaged)___
Independents...................................
Chains................................................
State liquor stores3.........................._
All other types..................................I
Motor-vehicle dealers............................
Independents...................................
Chains................................................
All other types...................................
Accessories-tire-battery dealers..
Independents...........................
Chains.....................................
All other types.........................
Filling stations......................................
Independents...................................
Chains..............................................
All other types.............................I...
Department stores...............................
Independents......................... ..........
Ohains___ _______ ____ _______
Mail-order houses.................... I ll- I
All other types..—............„..............
Variety stores________ ___ ______
Independents........................- V —
Chains............................................. .
All other types...........................
Men’s olothing and furnishings stores.
Independents.................... ......
Chains................................... '."I"—
All other types................................. .
Family olothing stores................. __w.
Independents..........*............ 11111 _ _
Ohains..............................................
All other types_______ _________
Number
of
stores
1,053,981 33,161,278 1,511,734 3,981,478 3, 623,289 935,123 7, 591,912
1,474,149 24,248,112 1,471,03B 2,838,801 2, 558,615 164,449 5,387,688
1,419,855 21,634,246 1,447,214 2, 521,921 2,226,042 151, 067 4,736.210
40,897 1,740,849
9,116 426, 303
13,054 771,246
3,875 105,871
343 90,771
391 20,302
127,482 7, 550,186
61,852 1,884,980
17,964 1,021,613
5,730 300,887
107,593 6,413,596
55, 248
1,025 114,977
52,330 I,3Q4,978
3,517 48,041
3,004 108, 070
3,936 123,242
378 420,027
0. 125,316 349
2.053 160, 665
487 5,524
1, 113,126
30,058 260,967
188,738 2,202,607
104,404 1,330,524
22,032 842,075
1,702 21,008
168,233 4,140,818
139,994 2,509,867
25,607 1,624,513
632 15,433
12,105 328,307
9,718 157,696
226 6,020
2.053 160,665
108 3,926'
35,045 3,847,642
34,504 3,678,674
535 168,337
6 631
14,343 373,910
10,885 186,808
3,453 186,017
5 185
197,588 1,067, 714
177,529 1,530,994
19,575 423, 082
464 13,638
4,201 3,811,070
I, 711 2,034,945
2,423 883, 101
33 386, 200
34 0,824
II, 780,819 741
6,050
5,658
27
20,914
19,018
1,502
304
7,881
6,915
923
43
Net
sales
(thousands
of
dollars)
71,044
708,651
224
659,617
514, 040
138,528
6,449
358,
282,955
74,008
1,886
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
!
21,014
3,045
65
2, 702
1,386
1,310
0
37,094
3,408
112
27
195
5,178
12
145
528
27,489
170,415
168,794
124
1,497
148,321
147,462
347
512
8,022
8,819
18
12
73
30,219
30,192
24
3
10,384
10,325
55
4
179,870
179,381
262
227
756
741
1131
5,846
5, “"J‘
140
23
17,183
10,867
74
242
0,080
5,908
33
Employees
(fulltimo
and
parttime),
average
for
year
209,019
93,614
14, 247
963, 630
134,012
807,808
21,810
159,041
5,971
17, 071
20,920
40,969
33,570
4.954
728
9,334
25, 524
156,031
81,193
72,698
2,140
369, 710
206,746
151,862
1,308
16,812
10,816
428
4.954
114
267,022
255,662
11,247
113
45, 751
21,967
23,757
27
203,753
145, 527
57,130
1,096
492,090
337,865
110,366
37, 228
631
171,875
12, 632
158,799
44
58,283
46,477
11,381
425
40,777
36,304
10,312
161
P A Y R O L L
( T H O U S A N D S O F
D O L L A R S ) a
Total
219,913
07,296
15,364
910,569
143,752
739,892
26.925
154,105
4,821
14,902
22.925
39,888
35,183
8.196
557
9,844
17, 789
125,802
54,566
69,385
1,851
304,006
157,635
145,130
1,241
19,468
10,603
563
8.196
96
325,043
308,560
16,422
61
54, 657
26,704
27,762
31
177,128
106,904
69, 022
1, 202
46b,910
334,857
99, 342
34,053
658
91,295
6,715
84,557
23
74,816
57, 570
16,678
567
47,205
36,001
10,959
245
874
9,322
467
1,478
3,311
851
772
258
33
346
1,806
10,974
5, 111
5,779
84
22, 926
11,657
11,199
70
1,007
741
3
258
5
5, 708
6,690
118
1,786
947
838
1
11,400
10,075
1, 279
46
05,040
J2,182
12,145
658
55
13,107
803
12,212
2
3, 947
3,104
779
64
2,200
1,796
497
3
Parttime
Operating
expenses,
inch
pay
roll
(thousands
of
dollars)
1, 538,650
45,443
319,946
11, 633
30,864
43,814
106, 281
51,907
13,360
1, 087
16,269
37, 935
281,962
146,709
131, 450
3,803
617.799
331,225
284,275
2, 200
41, 555
26, 769
1, 215
13,306
206
597,237
566,023
30,956
258
107,978
50,291
57, 621
06
350,727
228.711
120,097
1,919
966,104
655, 671
217.712
91, 053
1,068
208,082
15, 033
193, Q01
48
170, 574
131,299
42,875
2,400
10S, 17S
78,574
24,024
575
tor clmins are notive owners of unincorporated chains; they do not indicate the number oi
companies.
! rnc!u2es no compensation for proprietors and firm members of unincorporated businesses
• Includes county or municipal liquor stores in some States.

etail trade 8 8 1
No. 876.
R e t a i l T r a d e — S u m m a r y f o r -26 K i n d s o e B u s i n e s s , b y T y p e o f
O p e r a t i o n : 1935—Continued
TYPE OF OPERATION AND KIND OF
BUSINESS
Number
of
stores
Net
sales
(thousands
of
dollars)
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
Employees
(full.
time
and
parttime),
average
for
year
PAY ROLL
(THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS)
Total
Parttime
Operating
expenses,
incl.
pay
roll
(thousands
of '
dollars)
Women’s ready-to-wear stores 21,075 794, 992 17, 068 107,469 103, 047
Independents___ 10,265 574,000 16,838 79,175 77,450 4, 511 Tfifi 0R(i
2,407 200,077 122 25, 768 23,426 1' 810
All other ty p e s..,. . . . . . . 303 20, 015 108 2, 526 2,171 '252 5] 702
Shoe stores. . . . . 18,967 511,399 11, 666 67,131 66, 623 4 775
Independents___ . 13,027 221, 712 11, 452 22,920 24,162 l' 731
Chains ____ ._ 5,000 255, 5Gd 90 29,416 28, 308 2, 705
All other ty p es... 934 34,123 117 4,795 4,isa '339 10,447
Furniture stores . . 17,043 094, 678 14,865 77, 905 102,065 a nfl2
Independents........................ 16,408 597,255 14,81E 67,570 87,520 2', 790
Chains............. 501 93,821 2fi 9,803 13,825 295
All other types.. _. 14 3, 502 10 442 720 7 1, 407
Household appliance and radio stores 14, 100 881,171 7, 810 65, 836 75,156 5,428
Independents............... 8,392 183, 279 7,748 24, 558 28,020 1, 713
C hains................................. 1,196 47,987 11 13, IOC 14, 201 347
All other types__ _ 4, 512 149, 905 51 28,118 32, 935 3, 308 59,1129
Radio dealers.......................... 4,296 57,152 4, 225 6,135 7, 518 442
Independents........ ... 4,17G 43,233 4,209 5,238 5,337 390
Chains................ ... 103 13,187 7 797 2 060 50
All other types............................ 17 732 9 100 116 2 '282
Lumber and building material dealers 21,149 866,865 10,819 00, 858 108, 801 6 866
Independents...................... 15,476 655, 511 10, 710 70,816 85^ 840 5'869
Chains 5, 619 200,097 100 10, 540 22,443 988
All othor types........................... 54 5,249 9 403 518 9 lj 335
Hardware stores and implement dealers. 36,633 758, 979 36,203 07,716 70, 939 4,495
Independents ........... _ 35,956 724,306 36,202 64,910 67,464 4) 372
Chains.................... 585 32, 911 18 2,001 3,242 110
AH othor types........................... 92 1, 762 73 205 '233 7 ’220
Restaurants and eating places .. 153, 468 1,666,899 158, 582 495, 752 312, 232 19 437 vm nss
Independents......................................... 146,747 1,390, 785 154,036 412, G4C 252,718 1A 844 01 n ' 7 3 0
Chains................ ........ 3,988 242,354 123 70,145 54,912 2,107 132' 082
All other types........................... 2,733 24,760 2,424 0,907 4,602 '486 11, 276
Drinking places......................................... 98, 005 723, 981 100, 984 151,183 101,488 10, 787
Independents.............................. 97, 205 718, 215 100,338 149, 787 100i 621 10,' 677 243' 874
Chains......... .......... 46 813 18 103 136 4
All other types................... 754 4,933 028 1,233 731 106 1,823
Cigar stores and cigar stands................... 15, 350 188, 950 13, 717 18, 111 13, 820 793
Independents..........*............. 13, 402 111, 851 13, 487 9, 796 7,617 093 9 ft’ 8 4 0
Ohains........................................ 1,608 65, 525 17 4,987 5,824 81 i a ' 8 7 0
All other typos..................................... 280 5,574 213 328 379 19 959
Fuel and ice dealers___ _____ 35,293 859,018 31,626 91, 573 106. 066 13,267 2 0 0 59,1
Independents............................. 32,720 710,707 30,360 77,074 87,010 10, 640 X68i 232
Chains.................................................. lf 289 141, 422 32 12, 731 18, 34S 2,478 so' nm
All other typos.......................... 1,284 6,888 1,228 868 708 139 1,388
Drug stores with fountain..................... 38, 731 950, 328 32,199 127, 830 112, 600 6, 881 227,071
Independents....................................... 35, 581 076,103 32,119 92, 759 77, 627 6, 314 154'. 428
Chains........................................ 3,107 273, 324 40 34, 957 35,026 566 72,429
All other types..................................... 43 901 31 114 107 1 214
Drug stores without fountain.................... 17,966 282,265 16,104 31, 300 30,894 2,154 84,899
Independents......................................... 17,274 237, 285 16,107 27,151 25,613 2,038 53,978
Chains.................................................... 037 43,483 25 3,964 4,883 107 10| 303
All other types.................................... 55 1,497 32 185 198 9 418
Hay, grain, and feed stores...................... 11,132 346,667 9,832 19,044 17,681 1,126 36, 551
Independents......................................... 9.590 248, 12£ 9,228 14,456 12.606 937 20' 980
Chains................................................. 1,006 65,443 58 2,974 3,264 129 flj 523
All other types__________•................. 536 43, 098 46 1. 014 1,811 60 3,048
Farm and garden supply stores............. 9,176 252,471 8,269 18, 732 18, 248 1,645 38,169
Independents......................................... 8,100 180,204 7,930 14,375 13, 926 1,415 29,109
Chains___J.......................................... 191 11,891 7 1,088 1,189 24 2,577
All other types...................................... 885 51,286 322 3,269 3,133 206 6| 483
Jewelry stores____ _ ______________ 12,447 234, 893 11, 096 26, 709 35, 479 1, 303 81,856
Independents......................................... 12,047 212. 002 11, 024 23,050 31,291 1,235 70,992
Chains.................................................. 323 20.80C 31 2.390 3,916 62 1 0 i 2 0 1
All other types..................................... 77 2 , 0 0 1 41 260 272 6 '063
All other kinds of business___________ 469,461 5,016, 340 451,061 695, 084 662, 558 47,878 1,358, 554
Source: D epartm ent of Commerce, B ureau of the Census; Consus of Business, 1035, B ctail Distribution,
Voi. I. •

8 8 2 DISTRIBUTION, SERVICES, AND HOTELS
N o . 8 7 7 .— R e t a i l T r a d e — S u m m a r y ,
[Sales, pay roll, and expenses
N U M B E R O F S T O R E S
N E T S A L E S
D IV IS IO N AND S T A T E
1939 1933 1935
Amount
1929 1933 1935
Percent
change
1933
from
1929
1935
from
1933
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members,
1935
United States... 1, 543,158 1, 520,119 1,658,801 49,114,653 25,037,225 33,181,276 -4 9 32 1, 611,734
New England.......... 108, 784 105,646 114,044 3,786,869 2,167,760 2, 721, 911 -4 3 26] 95,803
Maine.................. 11,091 11,429 12,760 307, 627 184,386 232, 599 -40 20 11,384
New Hampshire. 0, 557 0,368 7,225 184,285 111, 709 152, 583 -39 36 0,659
Vermont.............. 5,189 4,934 4,958 152,176 78,000 99,121 -48 26 4, 545
Massachusetts... 54,183 52,430 55,530 2,054,976 1,195,161 1,461,180 —42 22 45,426
Rhodo Island___ 9,542 8,438 9,095 318,295 167,28E 219,706 -47 31 7,084
Connecticut......... 22,202 22,047 24,404 708, 610 430,520 556,722 -44 29 20,205
Middle Atlantic___ 385,302 358,489 402,028 12,717,899 6.633,819 8,460,917 -4 8 28 357,709
New Y o rk ......... 190,017 178, 614 204,511 7,070,414 3,739,092 4,749,70S -47 27 181,021
New Jersey.......... 60, OK 64, lot 67,798 1,843, 545 1,016,925 1,220,290 -45 26 58,755
Pennsylvania___ 135,275 115, 685 129,719 3,803,940 1,870,899 2,490,010 -51 33 117,333
East North. Central.. 317,607 327,771 340,308 11, 262, 958 5,314,078 7,170, 586 —63 85 310, 612
Ohio..................... 83,717 86,901 93,208 2,864,831 1,442,132 1,950,941 -50 36 83,458
Indiana............. 41,618 41,25C 42,471 1, 222,384 509,972 780, 508 -53 37 39,986
Illinois.... ............. 96.90C 98,87C 98,538 3,711,903 1,728,880 2,178,009 -53 20 89,533
Michigan............. 55,95S 57,121 01,967 2,220,398 949,137 1,388,236 -57 46 60, 552
Wisconsin............ 39,474 44, 563 44,154 1, 237,442 623,952 871,832 -50 40 40,983
West North Central.. 170,644 180,307 102, 570 5,969,554 2, 641, 958 3, 521,954 —50 33 182,871
Minnesota_____ 30,725 33,879 37,495 1,051,030 585, 102 820,010 -44 40 35,367
Iowa.__________ 32,716 34, 643 38,979 972,130 479, 095 050,029 -51 36 38,045
Missouri.............. 47,039 49,247 50,927 1,448,220 759,125 940, 125 -48 25 47,045
North Dakota__ 8,077 7,981 9,019 234,540 108,087 150,208 -5 4 30 8,451
South Dakota__ 8,845 8, 566 9, 618 255,197 100,196 147, 564 -58 3Q 8,985
Nobraska______ 17,037 19,212 19,099 562,945 274,575 359, 757 -61 31 17,970
Kansas_____ _ 25,605 26,779 27,433 744,586 329,178 448,2G1 -5 6 36 26,399
South Atlantic____ 169,088 168,200 181,731 4,201,756 2,477,028 3, 296, 003 —41 83 163,609
Delaware______ 3, 088 3,420 4,30C 103, 512 57,910 76.877 -44 33 3,075
Maryland______ 21,082 23,487 23,349 619,573 384, 384 462.874 -38 20 21, 557
Dist. of Col.......... 5,931 0,150 (1,472 336,262 241, 515 330,813 -28 37 4, 816
Virginia....... ........ 26,120 20,451 26,757 6Q0,929 358,102 471,329 -40 32 23' 001
West Virginia__ 17, 244 17,128 18,975 447,877 244, 071 332,190 -46 36 16', 082
North Carolina.. 28,831 27, 652 29,402 653,419 363, 111 403, 210 -44 28 27,303
South Carolina... 15,030 15, 528 10, G8C 300, 220 186,215 248,206 -3 8 33 14,072
Georgia_______ 28,687 20, 681 31,31C 635,440 352,916 484, 693 .-45 37 28,626
Florida................ 22,449 21, 097 24,330 504, 523 288,804 426, 807 -43 47 21, 079
East South OontraL. 89,199 83,270 94,034 2,171, 095 1,025, 928 1,386,429 — 53 36 89,689
. Kentucky............ 27,117 25, 672 29, 286 587,340 304, 605 388, 278 -48 27 28,192
Tennessee______ 23,384 22,777 27,445 643,817 330,079 482, 580 -49 46 26' 087
Alabama.............. 21,442 20,049 22,167 527,101 250, 384 337, 217 -53 35 20,740
Mississippi_____ 17,256 14,772 15,136 413,737 140,855 178, 348 -60 27 14, 670
West South Central.. 135,482 182, 505 138,709 3,727,371 1,751, 553 2,309,174 —53 32 133,233
Arkansas.............. 17,937 15,918 18,292 412, 080 180,095 240, 724 —50 34 1 8 ' 1 fi9
Xouisiana............. 23,288 22,239 23,189 470, 643 264,123 344,393 —45 30 91 a o o
Oklahoma______ 27,339 20,434 26,022 795, 028 341, 774 434, 703 —67 27 25, 275
Texas__________ 66,918 67,914 71,206 2,043,020 965,561 1,289,264 -53 34 98,397
Mountain...______ 44,eel 44,301 49,140 1, 548,850 739,014 1,100,728 —62 49
Montana............. 6,951 6,732 7,944 243,828 112,382 189, 457 —54 09 7 1 1 4
Idaho__________ 4,916 5,139 5,863 169,087 87,406 140,167 -48 60 5' 3 4 7
Wyoming............. 2,983 3,169 3,480 103,437 55,970 82, 081 —46 48
Colorado.............. 13,993 13,700 14,273 466,959 233,014 302, 559 —50 30
New Mexico____ 4,191 4, 246 4,812 119, 759 53,944 88, 751 —55 65
Arizona............... 5,068 4,749 5, 214 198, 020 76,250 121,083 -6 2 69 4* QH4
Utah.................... 5,240 5,103 5,839 190, 559 91,968 132,098 —53 44
Nevada................ 1,310 1,463 1,709 50,401 28, 680 43,932 -43 53 I] 623
Paciflo...................... 122,871 125, 630 141,812 4, 428,602 2.285.497 3,193.569 —48 40
Washington......... 22,110 22,307 25,086 761,808 308,171 528, 709 —52 44
Oregon________ 14,570 13,769 15, 362 455,931 224,447 335,851 —51
California______ 85,691 89, 554 100,874 3,210,803 1, 692,879 2, 320] ooe -47 38 95| 597
i Includes no compensation for proprietors and firm members of unincorporated businesses.

y S t a t e s : 1929, 1933, a n d 1935
RETAIL TRADE 883
i n t h o u s a n d s o f d o l l a r s ]
EM PLO Y EES (FULL-TIME AND
PA RT-TIM E), AVERAGE FOR
YEAR
1929 1933 1935 1939 . 1933
PAY KOLT, 1
Total
1935
F u l l ­
time
Parttime
Operating
expenses
(including
pay
roll),
1935
DIVISION
AND STATE
4,402,940 3,433,662 3, 961, 476 5,189,670 2,910, 445 3, 623, 289 8,888, 166 235, 123 7, 681,912 U. S.
360, m 290,649 330,487 422, 040 268, 852 322,456 300,267 22,169 058,074 IT, E,
20, 482 22,147 24, 783 28,012 18, 715 22,100 20,531 1,509 46,242
10, 200 13,469 16,249 16, 786 11,377 14,881 13,870 1,011 31,065 N. H.
11, 725 9,540 10,083 12,763 7,809 8,771 8,115 656 18,715 Vt.
206, 478 186,385 180,136 241,300 150,224 182,065 169,047 13,018 369,408
31,075 23,477 28,881 36,183 21,242 27,671 25,869 ' 1,802 65,453 R. I.
68, no 55,632 64,335 87,196 53,485 66,968 62,825 4,143 137, 191 Conn.
1,087, 698 844, 861 982,340 1,397,727 811, 903 989,038 929, 540 59,498 2, 167,070 M. A.
576,145 449,141 527, 504 792,285 404, 707 568,833 537,237 31, 590 1,258,441 N. Y.
143,145 119,733 136,907 193,503 119,927 140,660 131,830 8,821 305,129 N . J .
36ft, 408 276,988 317,889 411,039 227,269 279,545 260,464 10, 081 603, 500 Pa.
1,012,427 709,440 873, 507 1,247.467 683,401 800,496 748,483 68,013 1, 057,670 E. N. O,
266, 286 210,141 242,003 318,274 172, 204 219,407 203,023 18, 384 442, 578 Ohio.
118, 561 85, 507 98,062 125, 066 63, 315 81,580 75,188 6,302 166, 765 Ind.
338, 020 252,865 272,784 440,280 221,323 263,232 247,287 15, 045 557) 477 Til.
183,473 134,688 103,278 241,870 108,909 152,323 141,873 10,450 308, 229
105,181 86,238 97,390 121,077 67, 530 33,954 75,112 8,842 182,621 ■Wis.
469, 698 367, 129 413,964 497,830 281,835 340,260 315, 321 24,939 727,455 W. N. C.
93, 072 78,320 92,4DS 103,817 04, 783, 83,029 77,177 5,852 177, 612 Minn.
86, 549 60,144 73,273 86,094 47,020 55,814 50,832 4,982 122, 676
140,727 112, 507 124,840 163,142 90,182 104,127 97,432 6,005 218, 600 Mo.
10, 755 11,050 14,076 17,931 9,301 12,132 11,167 965 27,143 N. Dak.
20,423 13,171 16,687 20,556 9,393 12,152 11,221 931 27,255 8. Dak,
47,949 38,052 40,907 49,678 28,343 33,143 30, 587 2, 556 7ft, 970 Nebr.
65,223 46,896 52,634 66,612 32,813 39,863 36,905 2,958 83,199 Kans.
411, 751 857,880 423, 911 419, 663 268,958 344,069 824, 917 19,152 684, 782 5. A.
9,205 7, 563 9,102 9,842 6,331 8,364 7,906 458 16,799 Del.
60,072 53,302 59, 681 64,292 45,707 51,738 48, 649 3,080 109, 641 Md.
34, 519 32,905 42,069 44,386 33,681 43, 005 42,102 1,803 87, 853 D. O.
60,280 51,976 58,105 61,386 40,065 48,547 45,943 2,604 95,470 Va.
37,090 31,930 37,209 42,106 24,470 31,512 29, 424 2,088 61, 704 W. Va.
61, 272 53,181 CO, 207 58,066 35,105 44,233 41,418 2,815 86,285 N. C.
30, 363 27, 602 33, 327 26,128 10,961 22,688 21, 223 1,465 42, 425 s. 0 .
67,044 54,426 06,806 00,599 35,763 46,963 44,473 2,490 92, 448 Ga.
51, 902 42,937 67,255 52, 749 30,816 46, J19 43, 779 2,340 02, 157 Fla.
201,017 160,601 175,866 193,812 100,843 129, 778 122,157 7,621 262. 777 E. S. 0.
53,971 42,350 48,481 53,266 30,220 30,931 34,548 2,383 73,831 K y.
63,256 47,86fi 61,474 01,176, 33,504 46,784 44, 152 2,632 96, 075 Tenn.
50,156 38, 648 42,517 48,123 23,788 30, 360 28, 009 1,691 61, 618 Ala.
33, 634 21,737 23,384 30,747 13,271 15,703 14, 788 915 31,253 Miss.
336,737 254,401 291,496 348,243 182,059 224,272 212, 524 11,748 462, 599 W. S. C.
34, 658 23,917 28,046 33,034 15,299 19,427 18, 200 1,218 38, 793 Ark.
50, 578 43,351 50,271 48,982 30,411 36,804 35, 305 1,559 76, 557 La.
68,154 48,776 53,809 74,268 34,629 41,181 38, 684 2,597 85,308 Okla.
183,347 138,357 159,370 191,061 101,720 120,800 120,426 6,374 251, 941 Tex.
131, 984 94,230 114,904 166,962 80,163 109,178 101, 549 7,629 225, 558 Mfc.
18,418 13,106 17,751 23,317 11,813 18, 775 17,142 1,633 37, 581 Mont.
13,021 9,849 13,064 15,386 7,940 12, 059 11, 791 808 26,143 Idaho.
7,588 0,156 7,335 9,669 5,777 7,426 0,981 445 10,104 Wyo.
44,760 32,439 34,049 50,731 27,174 29,971 28,020 1,951 63,745 Colo.
0,808 6,825 9,396 10,344 5,351 8,269 7,709 470 10,488 N. Mox.
16,182 9,815 13,15( 19,00C 8,455 12, 53C 11, 744 786 25,337 Ariz.
18, 689 12,86t 15,891 21,50G 10,336 14, 611 13, 403 1,208 30, 051 Utah.
3, 518 3,176 4,262 6,996 3,317 4, 037 4, 669 208 10,109 Nev.
390,849 304,461 865,018 507,546 282,431 363,742 839,418 24,324 755,927 Pac.
67,917 50,113 57, 423 83,444 42,202 50,287 52,019 4,268 116.115 Wash,
40, 514 28,775 35,066 48,154 24,064 33,814 31,467 2,347 71,087 Oreg.
282,218 225,572 262, 524 375,948 216,105 273,041 255, 932 17,709 5Q8,725 Calif.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1935, Retail Distribution,
Vol. X.

8 8 4 DISTRIBUTION, SERVICES, AND HOTELS
No. 8 7 8 .— Reta il T rade— Summary por E ach City H aving (in 1930) 50,000
or M ore In h a bita n ts: 1935
Akron, Ohio..............
Albany, N. Y ...........
Allentown, Pa_____
Altoona, Pa............. -
Asheville, N. O.........
Atlanta, u a _______
Atlantic City, N. J „
Augusta, Ga..............
Austin, Tex...............
Baltimore, M d.........
Bayonne, N. J_.........
Beaumont, Tex........
Berkeley, Calif........
Bothlehem, Pa..........
Binghamton, N. Y_.
Birmingham, Ala__
Boston, Mass........ . .
Bridgeport, Conn__
Brockton, Mass........
Buffalo, N. Y ...........
Cambridge, Mass__
Camden, N. J._.......
Canton, Ohio—.......
Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
Charleston, S. C.......
Charleston, W. Va_-
Charlotte, N. O........
Chattanooga, Tenn._
Chester, Pa...............
Chicago, E l...............
Cicero, 111..................
Cincinnati, Ohio___
Cleveland, Ohio.......
Cleveland Heights,
Ohio.......................
Columbia, S. C____
Columbus, Ohio.......
Covington, Ely.........
DallavS, Tex...............
Davenport, Iowa___
Dayton, Ohio..........„
Dearborn, Mich.......
Decatur, III...............
Denver, Colo............
Des Moines, Iow a...
Detroit, Mich...........
Duluth, Minn..........
Durham, N. C..........
East Chicago, Ind__
East Orange, N. J___
East St. Louis, 111-—
Elizabeth, N. J.........
El Paso, Tex______
Erie, Pa___ ______
Evanston, 111............
Evansville, Ind____
Pall River, Mass___
Flint, Mich..............
Fort Wayne. Ind__
Fort Worth, Tex___
Fresno, Calif______
Galveston, Tex____
Gary, Ind..................
Glondale, Calif.........
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Greensboro, N. C__
Hamilton, Ohio____
Hammond, Ind........
Hamtramck, M ich..
Harrisburg, Pa.........
Hartford, Conn____
ber
of
3, 303
2, 256
1,424
1,152
668
3,833
1,734
071
069
13, 557
1,217
886
1,155
869
1,070
2,639
10,649
2,451
814
8, 097
Em-
ployees,
avg.
for
yenr1
Net
sales
(thousands
of dollars)
95,899
79,742
35,659
25,545
19,351
136,842
37,107
2Q, 584
26,605
301,137
17,129
23, 025
25,630
15,507
38,048
73, 764
439,121
57,030
21,077
205,396
12,721
9, 020
5,177
3,714
19,570
5,525
3,267
3,695
41,405
3,143
3,041
3,958
4,520
11,403
60,908
7,237
3,222
26,652
Pay T
roll
(thousands
of dollars)2
12,725
9,663
4, 403
2,953
2,322
10,343
5,002
2,463
3.080
37,587
1,601
2,763
3,080
1,645
4,491
9,196
05,746
7,506
2,745
25,782
1,372 39, 111 5,346 5,035
2,089 38,7Q5 4,665 4,613
1, 529 39,802 5,038 4,008
1,012 23, 586 2,855 2,630
972 20, 342 3,184 2,326
1,020 33,731 4,415 4,402
951 31,690 4,820 4,148
1,820 44,065 6,195 5,296
1,018 17,343 2, 233 2,127
44,382 1,215,706 160,917 166, 591
990
6, 948
13,924
314
840
4,070
2,109
4,116
961
3,332
512
787
4,184
2,408
10,133
1, 420
577
753
885
1,148
2,431
1, 279
1,718
029
1,382
1, 750
1,872
1,620
2,441
1,478
831
1,239
1,148
2,375
648
888
816
765
1,235
2,667
14,268
190,867
355,210
10,408
22,809
118,274
16,424
123,550
20,923
80,483
15,060
23,057
127,497
68,801
543,600
41,073
17,133
9,703
22,724
19,661
42,911
31.896
38,051
31,067
30,510
31,271
58,303
42,668
64,503
41,631
1,363
26,517
47,601
1,313
3, 629
17,007
2,122
17, 301
3, 695
10, 626
1,643
3, 002
15,741
9, 231
68,672
5,687
2,549
1,080
2,442
2,491
4,639
4,315
5,290
3,819
4,116
4,182
6,675
6, 021
8,619
4,380
1,341
24, 770
48,800
1,393
2,809
15,696
1,820
15,967
3,147
10,135
1, 581
2,034
14,873
8,458
71,337
5,295
1,994
960
2,639
2,246
4,976
3,912
4,658
4,640
3,748
3,686
6,456
5,377
7,201
4,771
17,887 2,041 2,305
29,277 3,025 3,378
28,313 2,950 2,979
50,784 7,988 7,116
20,875 3,121 2,547
18,088 2,068 1,920
24,102 2,811 2,809
13,774 1,637 1,565
37,895 5,487 5,069
88,039 11,552 12, 704
i Full-time and part-time,
C I T Y
H ig h la n d P a rk ,
M ich....................
Hoboken, N. J..........
Holyoke, Mass.........
Houston, Tex............
Huntington, W. Va_
Indianapolis, Ind___
Irvington, N. I .........
Jackson,
Jacksonville, Fla*.*.
Jersey City, N,
Johnstown, P a ^ .
Kalamazoo, Mich-.
Kansas City, Kahs__
Kansas City. Mo___
Kenosha,
Knoxville, Tenn__
Lakewood, Ohio..
Lancaster, Pa___
Lansing, Mich__
Lawrence, Moss..
Lincoln, Nebr___
Little Rock, A rk..
Long Beach, Calif.
Los Angeles, Calif.
Louisvillo, Ky___
Lowell, Mass....... .
Lynn, Mass......... .
Macon, Ga............
Madison, W is.__
Malden, Mass___
Manchester, N. H ...
McKeesport, Pa___
Medford, Mass.........
Memphis, Tenn.......
Miami, Fla...............
Milwaukee, Wis.......
Minneapolis, M inn-
Mobile, Ala.............
Montgomery, A la...
Mount Vernon, N.Y,
Nashville, Tenn.......
Newark, N. J........
New Bedford, Mass.
New Britain, Conn.-
New Haven, Conn..
New Orleans, La___
New Rochelle, N. Y.
Newton, Mass..........
New York, N. Y___
Bronx....................
Brooklyn................
Manhattan............
Queens...................
Richmond_______
Niagara Falls, N. Y._
Norfolk, Va___,___
Oakland, Calif_____
Oak Park, 111............
O k lah o m a C ity ,
Okla.....................!.
Omaha, Nobr............
Pasadena, Calif........
Passaic, N. J .............
Paterson, N, J..........
Pawtucket, R. I.......
Peoria, 111........... ......
Philadelphia, Pa___
Pittsburgh, Pa..........
Pontiac, Mich_____
ort Arthur, Tex.._.
1 ortland, M.aine___
Number
of
stores
oil
1,289
731
3,876
1,078
4,757
036
746
1,001
4,890
705
804
1,706
8,985
673
1, 518
583
1,353
1,071
1,415
1,109
1,319
3,054
23,471
4,488
1,314
1,412
912
1,033
749
N et.
sales
(thousands
of dollars)
.
20,203
16,774
17,903
113,715
24,450
139,084
14,348
19,719
SOI 748
70,954
20,193
26,880
27, 782
209,399
15,969
41, 730
15,717
25,117
38,872
30,834
36,426
31,847
63,181
593, 902
100,702
30,962
34, 016
20,453
30,267
10, 776
1,068 28, 637
672 19, 297
419 11,017
3,242 101, 916
2, 641 76, 326
9,351 236,941
0. 220, 834 440
1,127
1, 011
994
3,199
8,503
1,071
881
2, 946
6,835
825
521
23,467
21, 425
27,660
74, 501
197, 527
35,197
18,104
71, 638
123, 524
25,328
17,391
2,420 72,308
3,001
1,566
1, 303
2, 650
1,020
1,467
20,'604
7,400
779
611
1, 223
90,675
45,003
26,665
54,596
28,224
46,816
666, 744
266,551
24,386
14,355
37,122
2 See note 1, table 877.
E m ­
ployees,
avg.
for
year1
2,275
1,827
2,310
16,358
3,251
20, 712
1,444
% 398
8,027
8,185
2,948
3,105
3,445
30,706
1,810
6, 216
1, 968
3,556
4, 735
3,710
5,068
4, 031
7,163
79, 931
14,907
4,089
4,866
3,191
4,784
2, 571
3, 511
2, 549
10.113
30, 464
30.114
3, 554
3, 361
2,705
10, 672
25, 256
4,017
2, 012
8, 942
20, 917
2, 739
1, 999
115,567 2,847,332 323, 590
17,492 311, 499 20, 236
37,932 677,258 65,666
41, 233 1,462,499 193, 798
16,278 351,304 33,805
2,632 44,712 . 4,085
1,105 25,642 3,175
2,112 50,120 7,238
5,256 141, 781 16, 068
582 23,709 3,020
9,935
12,070
5,336
2, 981
6,355
3,520
6,774
90,914
39,617
2,776
1,862
4,627
Pay
roll
(thousands
of dollars)2
2,207
2,119
13,705
2,800
18,011
1- 418
% 104
6, 507
8,051
2,490
2.996
2,830
26,165
1,604
4.997
1, 773
3,024
4,008
3,443
4,508
3,685
7,201
80,965
13,067
3,039
4,580
2,435
4,098
3, 222
2,053
1, 202
11,832
9,513
29, 214
30,032
2, 718
2, 024
3,295
8, 971
27,080
4,162
2,019
9, 030
15,823
3,340
2, 071
369,483
30, 845
74,072
222, 023
38, 058
4,485
2,889
6, 569
16,903
3,191
8, 602
11,481
5,590
3,180
6, 649
3,363
0,201
85, 696
38,252
2,672
1,661
4* 755

RETAIL TRADE 8 8 5
No. 8 7 8 .— R e ta il T rade— Summary fo r Each C ity H aving (in 1930) 50,000
on M ore In h a b ita n ts: 1935— Continued
CITY
Portland, Oreg..........
Providence, R. I.......
Pueblo, Colo.............
Quincy, Moss...........
Racine, Wis..............
Reading, Pa..............
Richmond, Va..........
Roanoke, Va._.........
Rochester, N. Y.......
Rockford, 111............
Sacramento, Calif- __
Saginaw, Mich.........
St. Joseph, Mo.........
St. Louis, Mo...........
St. Paul, Minn.........
Salt I,alee City, Utah.
San Antonio, Tex__
San Diego, Calif.......
San Francisco, Calif.
San Jose, Calif..........
Savannah, Ga...........
Schenectady, N. Y ..
Serant'on, P a..........
Seattle, Wash.........
Shrovoport, La.........
Sioux City, Iowa___
Somerville, Mass___
South Bond, Ind___
Num ­
ber
of
stores
5,109
3,003
733
827
956
2,540
2,006
872
4,745
1,212
1,868
1,044
1,198
12,790
3,681
1,649
4.107
3.107
10,261
1,050
1,327
1,386
2, ISS
6,105
1,147
1,232
1,038
1,379
147,413
113,392
15, 770
24,097
22, 217
48,848
79,837
28,801
132,420
31,651
54,815
28,850
25,970
310,398
137,155
59,229
78,744
75,549
298,371
31,040
24,790
37,148
64, 003
163,185
31,018
23,330
22,643
30,214
Not
sales
(thousands
of dollars)
Employees,
avg.
for
year
18,079
15,919
2,186
8,072
2,409
' 0, 8 08
11, 363
3, 790
16,4 38
4,045
5,901
3,482
8, 586
45, 519
16, 854
8,242
11, 688
8, 836
80,020
3, 279
4,001
4, 575
7,418
21,. 185
4, 690
3,058
2,783
4.C42
18,066
16,033
1, 055
2,882
2,173
5,870
10,737
3,567
16,527
3,782
6,662
3,125
3,012
42,755
16,567
7.007
9,542
9,191
43,541
3, 760
2,952
4,224
7,382
21,732
3.007
3,104
2,509
4,3G9
CITY
Spokane, Wash__ _
Springfield, 111..........
Springfield, Mass__
Springfield, Mo........
Springfield, Ohio___
Syracuse, N. Y.........
Tacoma, Wash.........
Tampa, F l a .............
Terre Haute, Ind___
Toledo, Ohio.............
Topeka, Kans....... .
Trenton, N. J ...........
Troy, N. Y...............
Tulsa, Qkla...............
Union City, N. J___
Utica, N. Y..............
Waco, Tex............. ...
Washington, D. C___
Watcrbury, C onn...
Wheeling, W. Ya___
Wichita, ICans..........
Wilkes-Barre, Pa___
Wilmington, Del___
Winston-Salem,N.C_
Worcester, Mass..
Yonkers, N. Y ........
York, Pa...................
Youngstown, Ohio..
Pay
roll
(thousands
of dollars)
Number
of
stores
1,953
037
2,105
1.053
1,083
2,798
1,774
1,654
1,124
4,037
1.053
2,323
1,293
1,820
1,258
1,644
898
6,472
1,355
1,074
1,813
1,460
2,290
935
2,412
1,846
933
2,379
58,403
28,920
71, 557
21,406
25,914
81,384
39,345
34,764
20,790
112, 550
26,366
48,826
29,818
50,019
24,265
41,161
18, 586
330,813
33,495
29,169
49,464
37,045
48, m
23,317
71,908
39,805
25,562
62,883
Net
sales
(thousands
of dollars)
Employees,
avg.
for
year
0,083
3,007
9,729
2,819
3,297
10,619
4,809
4,898
3,527
14,672
3,596
6,004
3,510
7,851
2,040
4,027
2,427
42,009
4,233
4,464
6,044
5,001
6,169
3,359
8,780
3,801
3,273
7,062
Pay
roll
(thousands
of dollars)
6, 540
a, 447
9, 039
2,350
3, 270
9, 875
4, 082
4,056
3, 259
14,285
3,035
5,867
8, 082
7,380
2, 030
4, 733
1, 925
43, 005
4,232
8,807
5, 701
5, 209
0,234
2, 774
8,892
4, 384
2,800
7,471
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1935, Retail Distribution,
Vol. II.
No. 8 7 9 .— S a le s by D ep a rtm en t S to res— In d exes o f V a lu es, by F e d e r a l
R eserv e D istr ic ts , 1922 t o 1939, and by M onths, 1937 t o 1940
N ote.—1823-1926 averages 100. Compiled from reports of about 240 to 560 firms (400 in 1030). Indexes
for the United States have been adjusted for variations in number of firms reporting and monthly indexes
for tbo varying number of business days in tlie different months lor seasonal changes, and for
the effect of the shifting date of Easter. These adjustments do not apply uniformly to the indexes by
districts
Y E A R
United
States
Boston
i
New
York
St.
Louis
Philadelphia
Cleveland
Richmond
1 lanta
At­
Chicago
Minneapolis
s
K ansas
Dallas
C ity 3
San
Francisco
109.9. 8 8 92 89 87 86 01 00 105 91 82
08 98 96 101 101 07 101 99 99 105 90 97
1924............... 90 100 90 09 99 99 98 98 08 106 05 100 09
1925............... 103 102 105 100 101 104 102 103 103 111 100 104 108
1920.............. 106 105 109 103 102 107 106 108 •105 108 05 109 1 1 1
1027_______ 107 106 110 09 103 105 107 no 103 108 96 107 114
1028_______ 108 104 112 04 103 106 107 116 104 105 97 109 117
1020_______ 111 106 117 05 105 110 104 118 105 106 100 an 119
1930........... 102 100 113 87 94 106 05 103 94 101 95 100 111
1031........ — . 02 91 104 76 82 100 87 87 81 03 81 80 98
L032............... 60 71 82 60 60 81 68 65 02 74 63 65 74
1933............... 67 65 78 58 62 77 08 64 62 70 62 66 72
1034.......... 75 60 82 63 70 90 83 74 71 77 73 80 81
1036........ — - 79 69 84 65 75 97 87 80 73 33 78 85 91
1936............... 8 8 76 92 72 87 107 105 01 82 01 85 100 90
1037............... 92 77 95 74 96 110 114 OS 87 05 89 107 103
1038............ 85 74 89 66 83 107 113 87 83 03 84 104 99
1030........... 90 76 91 71 91 111 126 91 88 07 86 106 99
YEAR Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.
May June July Aug. Sept, Oefc. Nov. Deo.
United States:
1937.............................. 93 95 93 93
1938................................. on 88 80, 83
1039........................... — . . . . 88 87 88 88
1040................................. 92 89 89 89
03 03 02 03 94 93 91 89
78 82 83 83 86 84 89 89
85 86 80 89 91 60 95 96
87 91
i Beginning January 1031 computed by the Bureau of Foreign and Domcstio Commerce based on percentage
changes in sales as reported by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
1Indexes based on 1920-31 >=100. 3 Monthly average sales in 1025-100.
Sources: United States and, except as noted, Boston and Richmond, Board of Governors of the Federal
Reserve System; other districts, the respective Federal Reserve banks.

886 DISTRIBUTION, SE'RYIOES, AND HOTEUSI
N o . 8 8 0 . — S a l e s b y C h a in S t o k e s — I n d e x e s o f V a l d e s , 1935 t o 1 9 3 9 , a n d
b y M o n t h s , 1 9 3 8 , 1939, a n d 1940
N ote.—The combined index for all groups inoludes the apparel chains shown separately in the tabic, 5
grocery chains, fi variety chains, 2 drug chains, and 3 (prior to January 1936,2) shoe chains. Indexes are
based on daily avorage sales. Each m onthly index is expressed as a percentage of the average for the
same month of the base period. Allowance for the fluctuating date of Easter is made in the case of apparel,
variety, and shoo chains. No allowance lias been made for changes In the number of stores operated.
[1020-1931=100]
YEAR AND
MONTH
Combined
index,
20 cos.1
Apparel
index,
4 cos.1
YEAH AND
MONTH
Combined
index,
20 cos.1
Apparel
index,
4 eos.‘
YEAR AND
MONTH
Combined
Apparel
index, index,
20 oos.1
4 cos.1
1935.................. 97.0 103.3
1930.................. 106.0 117.9
1937................... 111. 7 122.0
1938.................. 107.0 115.9
1939.................. 112.3 124.3
1938
January............ 106.7 107.0
February......... 106.4 108.8
March....... ...... 103,3 110.0
105.0 112.8
May............... 103.3 100.4
June.......... ...... 106.3 109.7
July............ 108.0 120.0
August______ 106.0 116.0
1038— C o n td .
September____ 109,0 122.0
Octobor............ 108.0 120.0
November........ 100.5 121.2
December____ 112.9 127.0
1039
January........... 107.5 118.0
Fobruary_____ 108.8 112.7
March_______ 100.8 130.0
April________ no.o 117.6
M a y ................. 110.0 119.0
June_________ 111.0 118.0
July_________ 113.0 126.0
1939—Contd.
August............. 118.0 124.0
Septombor....... 114.5 127.0
Octobor............ 113.3 125. 0
November____ 117.0 132.0
December........ 120.0 142.0
1040
January............ H3.fi 120.0
February_____ 1X4.0 119.0
March.............. 116.0 128.0
April...... ......... 115.0 122.0
M a y .............. 117.0 123.0
June................. 110.0 120.0
1 Tho combined index includes 18 companies and the apparel index 3 companies prior to January 1930.
Source: The Chain-Store Age.
No. 881.— S a l e s b y S e l e c t e d G b o u f s o f R e t a il O u t l e t s— I n d e x e s o f
D ollar V a l u e s, 1932 to 1939, a n d b y M o n t h s, 1938, 1939, a n d 1940
Note.—Indexes of automobile sales are based on unit sales figures reported monthly to tho Automobile
Manufacturers’ Association, which represent over 05 percent of all dealer’s sales. The unit sales figures
are converted to dollar volume by the use of a computed “average realised price.” Indexes ol sales in
small towns and rural areas are based on figures fumishod by threo mail-order companies for sales by
mall only and by a large group of chain units operating in small towns and cities which serve the rural
population. Sales o( reporting concerns represent about one-fourth of all general merchandise sales in
places of loss than 30,000 inhabitants. Indexes of both variety store sales ana grocery chain store sales are
based on figures furnished by eliain organizations doing more than 75 percent of the business in the
respootivo fields. For the variety store index adjustment has been made for changes in tho number of
stores operated by the companies so that tho index reflects sales changes tor a constant number ol stores.
All Indexes are computed from dollar sales reduced to a daily average basis. In computing the index of
automobile sales, equal woiglit is given to all days of the month, while in computing the other three
indexes, allowance if made for the varying number of business days in the months and the varying sales
importance ol tho different days of the week, The monthly indoxos of all four series arc adjusted for
seasonal changes and, in addition, tho variety-store index is adjusted for the changing date of Easter
Variety store sales, daily average basis—1935-39=100; other oolumns, monthly average basis—1929-315=400
YEAR AND
MONTH
Automobile
retail
sales
Variety
store
sales
Grocery
chain
store
sales
Ilural
retail
sales
YEAR AND
MONTH
Automobile
retail
sales
Variety
Store
sales
Grocery
chain
store
sales
Hurai
retail
sales
1932.................... 35.5 81.9 8 5.7 03.1
1933.......................... 43.3 83.0 8 0.3 6 9.2
1934.......................... 57.6 81.0 83. 3
1935................... — 83.8 92.9 8 9 .6
8 8,7
99.4
1936.......................... 105.1 100.8 94.4 114.8
1937.......................... 108.0 103.6 95.7 121.7
1938.......................... 66.7 09,3 04.1 114.1
1939.......................... 90.7 103.5 102.5 127.5
1988
January............. 05.0 00.2 9 6.2 113.8
Fobruary........... 74.0 100.4 03.0 111.7
March............... 01. 0 09.0 94.7 112.1
April____ ____ 00.0 00.8 9 1.7 117.4
May.................. 57.0 05.1 03.0 112. S
Juno................... 50.5 05,5 9 2.2 110.0
July................... 50.5 97.7 91.0 116.2
August............... 54.5 98.5 02.2 m i
September....... . 00.0 09.4 04.6 114.0
October......... 85.0 100.7 9 4.4 108. 5
November......... 100.0 100.7 90.7 113.1.
Decembor.......... 92. fi 100.6 08.1 114.8
1939
January............. 0 1 .0 1 0 1 .9 9 0 .4 1 2 0 .0
February........... 0 0 .0 1 0 1 .9 0 8 .2 1 2 3 .7
March................ 8 8 .0 1 0 2 .1 9 9 ,5 1 3 1 .0
April.................. 7 0 .5 9 9 .9 0 9 .0 1 3 0 .8
M ay................... 7 9 .0 1 0 0 .9 1 0 1 .4 1 3 1 .2
June................... 7 9 .0 1 0 1 .1 0 9 .3 1 3 1 .7
July.................... 8 0 .5 1 0 1 .0 9 9 .8 1 2 4 ,8
Ati gust............... 7 0 .5 1 0 3 .0 103.1 1 3 1 .1
Septombor......... 8 3 .5 101. 5 1 0 9 .4 1 2 5 ,4
October.............. 9 3 .7 1 0 6 .2 1 0 6 .4 1 2 3 ,4
November......... 1 0 2 .8 1 0 0 .9 1 0 9 .0 1 2 2 .7
December......... 1 0 8 .5 1 0 4 .7 1 0 8 .8 1 3 2 .4
1940
January.............. 1 2 5 .8 1 0 4 ,0 1 0 8 .7 1 3 4 .5
February ........... 1 3 0 .8 1 0 6 .3 1 1 1 .5 1 3 2 .3
M a rch ............ 1 1 2 .5 1 0 5 .4 1 1 0 .9 1 8 6 .6
April.................. 1 1 2 .5 1 0 3 .2 1 0 9 .0 1 2 5 .4
M ay................... 1 0 4 .1 1 0 5 .2 1 1 2 .8 1 3 3 .8
June............... 1 2 3 .0 1 0 4 .4 1 1 1 .1 1 3 7 .7
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Indexes are published
currently in the Survey oi Current Business and in mimeographed reports.

RETAIL SALES—SERVICE ESTABLISHMENTS 8 8 7
N c. 8 8 2 . — R e t a i l S a l e s o p G e n e r a l M e r c h a n d i s e i n S m a l l T o w n s a n d
R u r a l A r e a s — I n d e x e s o p D o l l a r V a l u e s , b y R e g io n s , 1932 t o 1939, a n d
b y M o n t h s , 1938, 1939, a n d 1940
N o te.—1929-1981*100. Comparable indexes for the United States as a whole and a brief description of the
indexes are given in table 8 8 1. The States and geographic divisions, as shown in other tables (for example,
table 877) included in the regions here shown are as follows: Bast—New England and Middle Atlantic
divisions, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia; S outh-E ast South Central division,
North Oarolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas; Middle W est-
East North Central and West North Central divisions, Oklahoma, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and
New Mexico; Far West—Pacifio division, Idaho, Arizona, Utah, and Nevada
YEA 11 AND MONTH Bast South Middle
West
Far
West
YEAH AND M O N T H East South Middle
West
Far
West
1032........................ 6 4 .5 6 3 .9 6 1 .3 6 7 .0
1033................................. 6 6 .9 7 9 .4 0 5 .7 7 3 .1
1934........................... 8 0 .4 9 5 .9 7 9 .6 9 0 .1
1036................................. 00.8 1 1 6 .4 0 3 .8 105.1
1030................................. 1 1 6 .1 1 3 8 .9 103.4 1 2 3 .8
1937................................. 1 2 3 .9 1 4 4 .8 110,6 135. 5
1 9 3 8 ................................. 1 1 6 .2 1 3 4 .0 1 0 3 .8 1 2 8 .9
1939................................. 1 2 7 .9 1 6 3 .7 1 1 5 .5 1 4 2 .1
1938
January................ 1 1 3 .8 1 3 3 .0 102.7 1 2 8 .7
February ............. . I l l , 8 1 2 9 .7 102.6 1 2 3 .2
M a rch ................. 1 1 4 .6 1 3 3 .3 101, 4 1 2 2 .4
April.................... 1 2 0 .3 1 3 8 .0 106.3 130. 1
M ay...................... 1 1 3 .8 134.1 101.5 132.7
•Tune...................... 117.1 1 3 9 .3 105.3 1 3 2 .0
July....................... 116. 5 1 3 6 .8 105.3 1 2 9 .0
August.................. 110.2 1 4 4 .3 109.1 1 3 6 .4
September........... 1 1 9 .6 1 3 4 .9 105.3 121.0
October .............. 1 0 8 .0 127. 7 9 7 .1 1 2 7 .7
November............ 111.8 1 2 9 .5 103.6 1 3 3 .1
December............. 1 1 7 .6 1 3 5 .0 106.7 120,3
1939
January................ 115.6 140.7 109.9 136.4
February.............. 119. 6 147.8 112.1 142.9
March................... 132.0 150. 6 118.7 144.0
April.................. 122.4 164,3 118.0 140.9
M a y ..................... 120.1 102.2 110.6 140.0
June................ 133.8 166.8 116.4 144.1
July....................... 124.1 162,8 110.0 140.6
August.................. 132.7 155.0 120.1 146.1
September........... 128. 6 150.0 113.5 138.7
October................. 120.7 146.4 113.8 138.7
November............ 120. 5 151.6 108.0 135.8
Decomber............. 137.7 157.4 121.0 148.8
1040
January................ 130. 6 152.6 126.3 147. 5
February.............. 129. 6 150.1 121.8 155.1
M arch......... ........ 1 3 3 . 6 167.0 125.1 146.0
April..................... 120.8 152.8 112.6 142.2
M ay...................... 137.3 160.1 ■ 120.4 153.0
J u n o ................... 145,0 164.0 123.3 153.9
Source: Department o f Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Sco source of table
881 regarding current data.
N o. 8 8 8 . — S e r v i c e E s t a b l i s h m e n t s — S u m m a ry , b y S e r v i c e G r o u p s a n d
K in d o p S e r v i c e : 1935
N o t e .— S e e h o a d n o t e , t a b l e 8 8 4
KIND OF SERVICE
Num :
Active
Receipts proprieestab­
(thousands
of Arm
tors and
lish­
ments dollars) members
Employees
OF DOLLARS) 1
PA Y R O L L (THOUSANDS
(full-
and
parttime),
Total
average
for year
Fulltime
Parttime
United States total....______ ___________ 674, 708 2,029,302 580,840 034,232 567,517 487,118 70,899
Personal servioes:
Barber shops_______ ____________ __ 121,153 200,337 125,721 80,309 54,875 50,145 4,730
Barber and beauty shops......... .......................... 4, 302 20,297 4,637 11,115 8,754 8,378 376
Baths and masseurs’ establishments (turkisli,
etc.)___________ ______________ ________ 1,120 4,094 1,102 1,586 1,055 981 74
Beauty parlors..................................... ............. 61,355 171,943 61,504 78,062 58,323 54,076 3,047
Cleaning, dyeing, pressing, alteration, and re*
pair shops >...................................................... 57, 397 130,991 57,512 36,072 22,709 19,308 3,401
Funeral directors, embalmers, and crematories. 17,144 230,014 17,078 36' 648 39,745 35,225 4,520
F ur repair and storage shops.............................. 2,113 11,035 2,040 2,124 2,329 1,008 421
Laundries (not including power laundries) *___ 16,826 42,073 18,487 12, 590 7,227 0,213 1,014
Photographic studios........................................... 10,402 48,405 9,924 11,792 12,796 11,792 1,004
Rug cleaning and repairing shops4.................... 894 2,747 890 730 597 405 102
Shoo ropair shops and shoe shine parlors (including
hat oleaning)........................................ 61,040 109.667 61,118 25,007 16,250 14,052 1,598
Other personal services....................................... 2,218 10,138 2,005 3,144 3,246 2,802 354
Business services:
Adjustment and credit bureaus, and collection
agencies.............................................................. 2,873 43,663 1,642 17.968 22,326 21,839 487
Auctioneers’ establishments (service only)____ 725 3.16C 756 1,020 724 577 147
Billboard advertising service.........*.......... ........ 401 26,897 266 5,324 8,038 7.655 383
Blueprinting and photostat laboratories------- 371 6,21(! 285 1,673 2,016 1,080 30
Coin-operated machine rental and repair service................
............................. ......... ............. 723 11,541 696 1,862 2,556 2,493 63
i Includes no compensation for proprietors and firm members of unincorporated businesses.
■Cleaning and dyeing plants with receipts of loss than $5,000 are included. Por statistics for cleaning
and dyeing plants with receipts of $5,000 or more, soe table 885.
* Por power laundries, see table 885.
1 Includes establishments engaged primarily In cleaning rngs, if receipts from snoh services are less tban
$5,000 (see table 885 for establishments witb receipts of $5,000 or more).

888 DISTRIBUTION, SERVICES, AND HOTELS
No. 8 8 3 . — S e r v i c e E s t a b l i s h m e n t s — S u m m a ry , b y S e r v i c e G r o u p s a n d
K i n d o p S e r v i c e : 1935— Continued
D N n OF SERVICE
Num ­
ber of
establishments
Receipts
(thousands
of
dollars)
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
Employees
(fulltime
and
parttime),
average
for year
PAY ROTA ( T H O U ­
SANDS OP DOLLARS)
Total
Fulltime
Parttime
Business services—Continued.
Court reporting and public stenographic
agencies..............................................................
Dental laboratories.....................................j.......
Disinfecting and exterminating service,. . . .......
Duplicating, addressing, mailing, and mailing
list service..........................................................
Employment agencies....... ...............................
Freight forwarders and customhouse brokers....
Insurance claim adjustment offices (independently
operated).................................................
Linen, coat, apron, and overall supply service...
Photo finishing laboratories.............................
Sign painting shops.............................................
Tickot agents and brokers, and travel bureaus. .
Title and abstract companies.............................
Window cleaning servico. ..................................
Other business services.......................................
Repair services and custom industries:
. Automotive repairs and services (excluding
general repair garages):
Automobile laundries...................... -..............
Automobile paint shops...... ............................
Automobile radiator shops.-...........................
Automobile rental service.-...........................
Automobile storage garages-...........................
Automobile top one! body repair shops..........
Battery and ignition repair shops..................
Parking lots.....................................................
Tiro repair shops..............................................
Other automotive repairs..........................
Other repair services (except apparel Mid
shoes):
Armature rewinding shops__ ____________
Bicycle repair shops________ —____ _____
Blacksmith shops.............................................
Electrical appliance repair shops....................
Harness and leather goods repair shops...........
Locksmith and gunsmith shops-....................
Musical instrument repair shops....................
Piano and organ tuning and repair service...
Radio repair shops. ........................................
Refrigerator service and repair shops.............
Saw and tool sharpening and repair shops.......
Typewriter repair shops..................................
Upholstery and furniture repair shops..........
Watch, clock, and jewelry ropair shops........
• Other repair services........................................
Custom industries:5
Oabinotmaking shops (incl. woodworking)
Oider mills and presses...................................
Grist mills.................................-.......................
Hemstitching, embroidering, and buttonholing
shops................ - ......................................
Machine shops.......................................... .
Mattress renovating and repair shops.......
Molasses, sorghum, and sirup mills.------------
Printing and publishing shops........................
Sawmills and planing mills______________
Threshing, com shelling, .hay haling,, and
other agricultural services............................
Tinsmith shops..............*.................................
Welding shops............................... ...................
Other industries.--......... .............. -.
Miscellaneous services:
Landscape gardening and tree surgery service—
Livery stables......................................-----—
Other miscellaneous services............. .................
1,193 3,600 1,233 931 1,127 803 234
1,800 17,000 1,806 5,061 6, 224 0,076 148
590 6,407 477 2,300 2,862 2, G01 251
1, 257 9,813, 1,102, 4 ,4 6 5 3,864 3, 2 1 8 m
1, 334 0,477 1,243 1, 750 2, 379 2, 264 115
757 29, 519 383 9, 590 13,184 12, 768 416
728 10,223 412 3,017 5, 254 4,807 447
619 18,129 293, 3,784 4,802 4,841 51
1, 002 8, 388 900 2,472 2,439 2,261 178
5, 035 14,048 5,326 3,754 3,584 2,850 728
939 12,493 710 2,682 4, 513 4, 411 102
2, 0-12 22,042 1,170 8,527 11,908 11, 544 424
749 9,688 701 6, 007 0,197 5. 626 671
6, 025 248,772 4,176 92,427 108,953 80, 630 28,323
907 2,987 877 1,647 972 777 195
1,634 5,525 1,652 1,714 1,862 1.309 243
1,109 3,850 1,153 919 874 790 75
765 15,532 497 3,540 4,378 4, 111 267
6,006 08,040 5,853 17, 200 17,381 10, 601 780
6,601 32,611 5,922 10, 213 10,672 9,614 1,058
2,377 8,487 2,467 1,559 1,338 1,221 117
4,341 18,751 3,127 5,704 4,428 4,084 344
2,093 6,400 2,101 1,144 927 833 04
724 5,645 696 1,333 1,629 1,564 66
788 7,637 813 2,102 ?, 472 2,334 138
1,313 2,462 1,326 428 265 236 20
20,325 23,454 21,142 4,534 2,829 2,328 501
1,388 5,005 1,456 1,059 910 790 120
2,603 3,837 2 ,636i 420 247 203 44
2,173 4,100 2, 222 737 636 580 50
469 784 478 110 74 61 13
443 652 455 94 86 69 17
8 ,256 14,348 8,061 2,261 1,496 1,237 250
487 3,290 534 830 922 837 86
714 1,501 729 315 331 306 25
500 2,090 534 482 401 401 30
7,856 22,124 8,204 5,414 4, 054 3,000 994
13,909 28,450 13,790 3,311 2,90(1 2,602 208
10,452 28,441 10,004 6,744 0,002 5,763 830
2,245 3,950 2,380 811 630 447 183
404 204 451 97 41 26 15
9, 318 8,550 0,103 3,510 1,085 849 230
1,035 2,110 1,085 865 612 504 108
2,983 7,251 3,182 1,927 1,548 1,311 237
620 3,171 949 849, 020 558 08
1,708 398 1,765 257 50 22 28
12,640 31,891 13,004 10,259 0,271 5,308 963
9,129 14,163 10,3X9 15,745 4,264 3,152 1,112
22,051 15,745 25.973 9,335 3, 272 1,821 1,451
2,318 5,826 2,420 1,407 1, 048 745 303
3,448 13,007 3,684 3,180 3,130 2,720 410
17,071 48,603 16,814 20,870 13,102 11,713 1,380
881 9,165 * 861 3, 525 4,169 3,035 584
248 1.372 226 358 318 305 13
4,820 47,284 4,400 13,599 17,289 15,617 1,672
i Includes custom industries and small manufacturing plants not included in the Census of Manufactures
for the reason that the value of the products of such establishments is loss than the minimum necessary to
be classed as a manufacturing plant.
Source: Department pf C o m m erce* Bureau of th e Census; Census Qf Business, 1935, Service Establishments.
Vol. I,

SERVICE ESTABLISHM ENTS 889.
N o . 8 8 4 .— S e r v i c e E s t a b l i s h m e n t s — S u m m a ry , b y S t a t e s : 1935
N o t e .— The census of service establishments covers a heterogeneous group of hinds of business (see tabie
883) primarily engaged in the sale of service, as distinguished from establishments dealing in merchandise.
The professional field, the financial, education, transportation, construction, and diverse other
fields of business activity, many of which are covered elsewhere, are not included. Owing to differences
in the scone of the 1933 and 1935 censuses of service establishments, the aggregates for 1935 are not
comparable with the aggregates for 1933 published in.the 1936 issue of the Abstraot
[Receipts and pay roll In thousands of dollars]
D I V I S I O N AND STATE
Number
of establishments
Receipts
(thousands
of dollars)
Active
proprietors
and
Arm
members
Employees
(fulltime
and
parttime),
average
for year
PAY ROLL (THOUSANDS OF
DOLLARS) 1
Total
Full-time Part-time
United S t a t e s 6 74, 70S 2, 0 2 9 , 3 0 2 6 8 0 ,8 4 0 634, 232 587,517 497,118 70,399
New England................. ......... 39, 649 183,121 39,827 37, 541 34,086 29,708 4,378
Maine________________ 3, 661 9, 551 3, 583 2,586 2,112 1 ,7 3 3 379
New Hampshito............... 2,030 5,003 2,105 1,262 1,017 804 113
Vermont______________ I, 511 3 , 2 0 3 1 , 5 0 1 861 002 5 1 5 87
Massachusetts___ . _____ 21,878 77,081 2 1 ,7 4 7 22,009 20,461 17,075 2,780
Rhode Island.................... 3,206 11,033 3 ,1 0 0 3, 210 2,870 2,680 200
Connecticut______ ........ 7,454 26,500 7,231 7,613 7,024 6,301 723
Middle Atlantic______„,_____ 149,418 862,462 148, 984 179,682 191,979 168,778 28,901
Now York________ _____ 86,470 458,474 86,539 121,522 140,0 1 4 1 2 3 ,9 8 7 16,027
New Jersey........................ 21,790 69,216 21,397 19, 541 lMOO 15,565 2,525
Pennsylvania__ ..______ 41,149 134,772 41,048 3S, 610 33,875 29,220 4 ,649
East North. Central____•_____ 118,988 429,482 120,098 122,009 113,804 102,829 10,875
Ohio................................. 32,004 100, C04 32,215 31,044 28,977 26,186 2,791
Indiana.............................. 15,354 37,914 16,130 1 1 ,8 7 1 8,840 7.939 907
Illinois............................... 36,760 172,616 37,108 4 4 ,6 6 3 46,807 42,918 3,889
Michigan.......................... 2 0 ,27S 71, 5 8 2 2 0 ,325 2 2 ,0 1 0 10,552 17,072 1,880
Wisconsin......................... 13,893 40,657 14,265 11,622 0,622 8,214 1,408
West North Central......___ _ 69,472 172, 838 72,299 54,237 41,140 36,618 4,522
Minnesota......................... 14,124 37, 4 8 2 14,094 10,712 8,780 7,760 1,020
Iowa................................... 13, 550 3 0 , 6 8 7 1 4 , 5 2 6 8 .7 1 7 0 ,2 2 1 5,489 732
Missouri____.,_________ 18,583 57,400 18,058 20,437 16,535 14,908 1,827
North Dakota.................. 2,570 5,002 2,635 1,272 895 789 106
South Dakota................... 3, 021 6,370 3, 215 1,704 1,064 027 127
Nobraslra........................... 8,328 17,153 8,006 5,070 3,571 3,171 400
Kansas....... ....................... 9,290 19,784 0,065 6 ,3 2 5 4,084 3, 574 510
South Atlantio.......................... 50,486 165, 894 49,866 68,490 48,550 41, 046 5,505
Delaware........................... 1,256 4,052 1,240 1,066 848 755 03
M aryland.......................... 7,058 22, 743 6,953 7,801 0, 594 6,157 1,437
District of Columbia........ 2,002 19, 303 2 , 7 0 5 6, 589 6, 743 6,468 275
Virginia............................. 6, 643 20, 732 0 ,5 7 4 9 ,3 7 3 5 ,9 0 2 4 , m 1,001
West Virginia.................... 4,700 12,703 4 ,8 2 7 3,776 2, 842 2, 537 305
North Carolina................. 8,141 19, 877 8,254 10,493 5,941 5, 205 045
South Carolina................. 4,317 9,543 4,201 5,738 2 ,8 1 2 2 ,443 300
Georgia..........„.................. 0,087 23, 641 8,012 13,438 7, 315 6, 730 585
Florida..,,.......................... 6,201 23,140 6,045 10,222 7,463 6, 669 794
East South Central.................... 32,664 70, 997 SS, 265 32,770 18,060 16,478 2,178
Kentucky.......................... 9,264 20,870 9,577 7,387 4,825 4 ,3 4 0 485
Tennessee.......................... 9,967 26,318 10,187 10,930 6,741 6,106 675
Alabama............................ 7,620 16, 077 7, 503 9,472 4, 837 • 4,008 709
Mississippi................. ...... 5,813 8,723 6,938 4,076 2,247 1, 004 343
West South Central................... 44,200 126, 884 45,136 55,428 38,670 S3, 804 4,808
Arkansas........................— 5,427 11,206 6,010 5,406 2,905 2, 050 255
Louisiana...___ _______ 6,262 21, 539 0,200 10,407 7,001 6,290 1,611
9,735 21,821 9.926 8,936 5,891 5, 296 595
Texas_________________ 22,778 72,318 23,390 30.678 21,073 19,568 2 ,4 0 5
18,860 47,237 17,277 14,843 11,829 10,551 1,278
Montana_____________ 2,431 6,078 2,476 1,722 1,570 1,388 188
Idaho_____________ 2,524 5,621 2 ,048 1,807 1,226 1,048 177
Wyoming_____________ 1,079 2,825 1 ,118 773 633 578 56
Colorado..—__________ 5,466 15,.700 6,476 4,080 4,125 3,727 398
New Mexico_______ ___ 1,160 3 ,5 0 0 1,188 1,102 006 834 71
1,381 6,112 1,370 1,604 1,468 1,308 160
Utah................................... 2i 400 6,229 2,687 1,970 1,547 1,344 203
Nevada_________ _____ 401 1,392 409 325 350 324 20
53,871 230.607 64,851 69,734 70,809 67,207 16,602
8,650 32,691 8,716 0,951 10,148 7, 611 2 ,5 3 7
5,541 10,280 6 , 6 5 6 6,613 5,865 4,908 056
California........................ 39,480 178,527 40,280 53,170 64,790 44,000 10,106
i Includes no compensation for proprietors and firm members of unincorporated businesses.
Source; Department of Commerce, Buro&p of the Census; Census of Business, 1935, Service
jnent?, Vol. I.
2C T706°=r-41— —58

890 DISTRIBUTION, SERVICES, AND HOTELS!
No. 885.— P ow er L aundries, C lea n in g and D yeing E sta b lish m en ts, and
R u g-C lean in g E sta b lish m en ts— Summary: 1919 to 1935
N ote.—All money figures in thousands of dollars. Statistics cover establishments reporting receipts of
$5,000 or more. Data for power laundries relate to commercial laundries. Data for cleaning and dyeing
establishments are restricted to establishments using mechanical power; they include cleaning and dyeing
departments of laundries where separate data could be obtained. Rug-cleaning, which was given n
separate classification beginning with 1033, was treated in general as an activity of the power laundry
industry at prior censuses; statistics include rug-cleaning departments of laundries and of cleaning and
dyeing plants so far as they were reported separately. D ata for 1933 are incomplete, as about 15 percent
of the laundries and 24 percent of the cleaning and dyeing establishments that had reported for 1931 failed
to supply any information as to their status or activities in 1933. The laundries that failed to report
accounted for around 8 percent of.the 1031 totals for number of wage earners and receipts for work done
for all laundries, while the cleaning and dyeing establishments that did not report accounted for about
15 percent of the 1931 totals for these two items for oleaning and dyeing establishments
Number
of
laundries
troprictors
and
film
members
Salaried
employees
1
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
Salaries
i
Wages
Cost of
supplies,
fuel, and
purchased
electric
energy
Cost
of contract
work
Re-
. ceipts
for
work
done
Power laundries *.
1919.............................. 4,881 « « 130,489

DIVISION AND STATE
HOTELS 891
No, 8 8 7 .— H o t e l s — S u m m a ry , b y S t a t e s : 1935
N ote.—Receipts and pay roll in thousands of dollars, See headnote, table 880
Number
of
establishments
Number
of
guest
rooms
Beeelpts
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
E m ­
ployees
(fulltime
and
parttime),
average
for
year
Total
payroll
i
ANALYSIS OP RECEIPTS
Hotels Total Room
reportinceipts
*
re­
rentals
and
sale of
meals3
Eeceipts from —
Sale
of
beverages
Sale
of
merchandise
United States. ______ 28, 822 1,428,646 720,146 24, 673 291,165 191, 845 27,871 895,310 563,747 72,082 11,727
Year-round hotels_ “257462 1,278,012 074,89(1 21,612 270,006 183,008 24,796 652,349 524,840 7M05 T6T945
Seasonal hotels____ 3,370 150,634 45,249 2,901 15,150 8,837 3,175 42,861 38,001 1,677 782
New England_______ 1,936 83,740 48.368 1,589 19,076 12,039 1,860 46,922 36,381 7,344 801
Maine____________ 532 20,846 7,681 466 3,013 1,654 515 7,611 6,497 552 177
New Hampshire___ 365 12,066 4,245 328 1,840 984 344 3,642 3,276 227 65
Vermont__________ 157 5,73C 3.04C 126 1,293 035 152 2,921 2,263 473 84
Massachusetts_____ 630 29,387 23,9 2 8 404 9,180 6,600 605i 23,630 17,392 4,597 356
Ehode Island.......... - 87 4,260 3,298 59 1,288 993 8 1 3,155 2,208 764 20
Connecticut_______ 264 11,440 6,176 207 2,402 1, 663 253 5,957 4,745 741 93
Middle Atlantio______ 4,325 294.097 212,689 3,659 77,019 S3,613 4,099 201,550 155,257 29,419 2,301
New York________ 2,207 188,303 140,2C1 1,748 50,728 41,785 2,127 137,203 105.424 19,844 1,107
New Jersey________ 948 49,431 26,089 791 9,919 6,407 879 20,358 22,167 2,621 207
Pennsylvania______ 1,170 56,363 39,339 1,020 16,372 10,421 1,093 37,989 27,676 6,954 087
East North Central___ 4,034 253,464 134,044 3.238 67,916 39,979 3,898 131,439 101,937 16,236 2,739
Ohio_______ _____ 859 52,927 32,064 093 14,681 9,681 830 31,582 24,371 4,374 499
Indiana___________ 502 25,188 II, 237 404 5,307 3,030 491 11,171 9,025 i, 077 293
Illinois____________ 1,210 102,113 53,991 888 22,179 17,890 1,184 53,050 40,863 5,980 1,141
Michigan....... .......... 830 47,872 23,144 707 9,940 6,169 803 22,710 17,691 2,802 400
Wisconsin...... ......... 627 25,364 13,608 640 5,719 3, 209 581 12,917 0,987 1,034 400
West North Central — 3,630 144,277 62,241 3,097 26,921 15.122 3,447 60,643 60.166 6,380 1,488
Minnesota________ 704 35,032 16,074 698 6,557 3,884 770 15,900 12,691 1,045 388
Iowa--------- ---------- 600 21,470 8,505 448 3,717 1,900 499 7,608 0,477 484 199
Missouri__________ 006 42,974 20,279 742 9,353 5,557 880 20,121 10,382 1,910 434
North Dakota_____ 254 7,616 2,477 232 977 470 248 (*) M t1)
Soutli Dakota........... 391 6,567 2,234 181 844 429 186 14 (')
Nebraska................... 364 .14, 205 7,066 320 2,821 1, 546 352 6,864 5,677 579 221
Kansas....................... 515 16, 353 5,616 470 2,052 1,270 500 5,521 4,994 122 122
South Atlantio............... 3,159 144.069 79,038 2, 530 33,443 18, 993 3,069 76,810 60,071 4,100 1,160
Delaware................... 33 1,263 1,186 29 442 267 32 « 802 272 5
M aryland............... 217 0,177 0,267 185 2,719 1,000 205 0,251 4,546 1,102 141
Dlst. of Col............... 76 12, 033 15,544 38 6, 017 4, 500 75 (*) 12,401 1,452 105
Virginia..................... 41C 17, Oil 10,091 331 4, 778 2, 422 398 9,978 8,540 291 342
West Virginia........... 282 11,720 a, oie 237 2, 755 1, 535 273 5,503 4,700 172 130
North Carolina......... 391 10, OflO 7,409 306 4, 010 1, 838 380 0,858 6,410 02 51
South Carolina......... 203 7,054 3,435 161 1, 864 707 108 3,207 3,074 57 39
Georgia...................... 374 16,158 7,600 313 4,301 1, 762 305 7,260 0,560 143 67
Florida....................... 1,173 52, 303 21,761 930 7, 648 4, 212 1,143 20,550 18,804 429 190
East South Central____ 1,162 40,063 22, B69 996 12, 477 5,344 1,140 22, 449 19,770 734 433
Kentucky.................. 355 12, 033 6,757 313 3,487 1, 711 350 0,042 5,681 523 103
Tennessee.................. 309 15,704 8,857 314 4, 525 1,928 362 8,806 7,602 167 200
Alabama___L........... 248 0,728 4,223 210 2,066 008 244 4,211 3,930 5 40
Mississippi................ 190 7,928 3,022 159 1,809 707 184 2,783 2,597 39 24
West Soutli Central....... 3,079 110,102 46,363 2,767 21, 851 11, 005 3, 005 44,371 38,390 1,405 930
Arkansas................... 351 11, 780 4,622 310 2,388 048 342 4,653 3,957 132 148
L ouisiana................ 284 11,389 7,580 242 3,483 1, 905 282 « w w () M (*) «
Mountain----------------- 2,466 85, 743 28,710 2,253 11,161 7,223 2,389 27, 604 24,291 1, 521 611
Montana................... 476 15,778 4,470 442 1, 001 1,077 470 4,419 3,789 320 147
Idaho......................... 28C 8,570 2,74.4 267 062 586 273 2,084 2,350 101 02
Wyoming.................. 203 7,317 2,290 191 005 483 197 2,250 2,002 159 48
Colorado.................... 096 25,788 7,682 652 3,249 1,050 075 7,020 0,184 376 144
New Mexico............. 218 6, 627 2,542 m 1,120 763 211 2,463 2,320 58 49
Arizona...................... 239 0,145 4, 336 203 1,755 1, 213 232 4,315 3.701 307 91
U tah.......................... 208 8, 072 2,884 187 1,256 750 200 2,805 2, 520 59 33
Nevada...................... 136 4.446 1, 750 124 604 397 125 1,033 1,425 141 7
Pacific. _________ ___ 5,142 287, 111 65, 983 4,564 81, 511 23, 017 5, 074 S3,869 71,484 5,943 1,256
Washington.............. 1, 017 40,798 13, 076 930 5,380 3,430 1,002 12,120 10,834 496 248
Oregon..................... 553 25, 557 0,820 503 2,628 1,074 543 6,725 0,131 186 103
California................ 3,672 191,750 06,031 3,110 23,503 17, 907 3,520 65,024 54,519 5,201 904
t Includes no compensation for proprietors and firm members of unincorporated businesses,
a Total includes miscellaneous receipts not shown separately, amounting to $47,054,000 for United States,
a 9,029 hotels with total receipts of $505,335,000 reported room rentals and sales of meals separately, as
follows: Rentals, $231,608,000; meals, $162,322,000.
* Figures withheld to avoid disclosing operations of individual seasonal hotels.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1035, Hotels.

8 9 2 DISTRIBUTION, SERVICES,. AND HOTELS
No, 888.— A d v e r t i s i n g A g e n c ie s — S u m m a ry : 1935
N o t e .—All money figures in thousands of dollars. Only those establishments that contract for space
or other advertising media arid place the advertising for the client on a commission or fee basis are included
ITEMS
Number of establishments..
Number of companies.........
Revenue receipts................
Active proprietors and firm
members_________ _____
Employees (average)_____ -
Total payroll i....................
Part-time.,......................... -
Total operating expenses1.
Total billings........................
AGENCIES
REPORTING
No
bill-
ings
Total Billings
Total
in
billdetail
only
1,212 918 174 120
1,080 820 168 111
70,840 60,801 7,030 2,403
583 444 73 66
13,030 10,047 1, 504 528
41, ISC 35, 518 4,403 1,265
331 267 45 19
61,643 52,818 0,685 2,140
« •

U. CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING
No. 890.—C o n s t r u c t i o n C o n t r a c t s A w a r d e d in 37 S t a t e s — V a l u e o f'
C o n s t r u c t i o n a n d F l o o r S p a c e o f B u i l d i n g s , b y C l a s s o f C o n s t r u c t i o n :
1025 t o 1939
Notk,—For State figures, soo table 801. Publio works and. public utilities cover some projects not measurable
in terms of floor space, such as highways, pipe lines, subways, etc. Statistics for the 37 States were
not compiled for years prior to 1025, b u t available figures covering a varying number of States for earlier
years have bean published in the 1032 and previous Issues of the Statistical Abstract. Figures for t h e
mdlvidtial Sdates and districts in table SOI represent the value of construction contracts awarded in t h e
States and dlstrlata where the work was actually done
[ V a lu e s i n i r i i l l a n s arid tenths o f m i l l i o n s of dollars; f l o o r s p a c e i n t h o u s a n d s o f s q u a r e f e e t ]
YEAR
Total
Sesh
dciitial
Corft-
fiifetf-
Cittl'
Industrial
i
rublic
workfl
Public
utilities1'
Educational
Hospital
and
Institutional
Public
buildings
Roligious
Social
and
recreational
Miscellaneous
nonresidontifll
Value of
construction:
1926............... 0,006.4 2,747.7 872.4 326.6 063.9 403.0 418.7 111.1 64.6 163.1 263.0 12.4
1920.......... 6, 380.6 2,071.1 020.0 471.3 770.6 512.5 372.7 133.1 07.2 148.8 251.6 52.2
1027............- 6,303.1 2, 673.3 032. S 375.fi 972.9 318.3 368.9 102.6 79.5 160.5 260.9 101,6
1028............... 6, 028.3 2.788.3 884.0 508.8 984.4 417.4 390.0 164.7 76.2 127.9 218.8 67.0
1020............... 5, 750.8 1,016.7 920.2 545.6 940.1 469.6 369.6 152.2 120.8 100.1 146.0 54.9
1030............... 4, 523. 11,101.3 010.3 256.6 969.6 620.8 366.2 163.1 139.8 02.8 116.6 70.9
ioai............... 3, 002.8 811,4 311.1 110.2 880.9 259.9 223.4 121.2 181.3 53.1 98.7 36.8
1032............... 1,361.2 280.1 122,7 43.6 521.1 62.4 80.7 48.4 118.0 27.3 33.9 12. Z
1038............... 1, 256.7 249.3 99.4 127.5 604.6 84.5 38.9 37.3 50.9 17.7 27.2 18,7
1034 8............. 1, 543.1 248.8 150.6 116.1 031.0 111.6 112.3 37.3 55.7 18.3 40.2 14.7
1036............... 1, 844.5 478.8 164.5 108.fi 589.1 05.7 108.3 • 47.1 97.8 23.7 54.9 10.0
ioao............... 2, 075.3 801.0 249.1 198. Q 721.8 102.1 219.0 74.1 102.2 28.3 74.9 14.2
1037............... 2, 018.1 905.3 207.0 313.7 688.7 202.0 223.2 81.8 104.9 30.9 83. £ 14.8
1038............... 3.106.9 985. S 216.8 121.1 850.2 288.8 334.1 116.0 134.1 30.8 108.0 27.7
1030............... 3, 650.6 1, 334.3 246.9 174.8 901. 7 280.0 201.4 82.9 110.0 38.4 82.2 28.0
Floor spaoe
of buildings:
1926............... 036, 22G 559,499 100, 006 66, 901 3,040 11, 358 60, 543 14,037 8,294 18,870 32, 261 1,367
1926............... 883,704 521,002 152, 357 75,705 596 6,412 53, 757 14,790 7,857 10, 370 30, 434 4,464
1027............... 850,578 494, 505 141, 816 68,131 018 4, 535 53,917 18,802 9,943 17,192 33, 52C 7,240
1928.„.......... 966, 568 568,332 159,102 92,902 609 3,49G 01, 490 20,004 11,288 1 0 ,39£ 28, 012 6,785
1020............... 791.099 387, 670 101, 264 105, 524 460 5,353 58, 039 19,400 12,020 12,818 21,457 6,802
1030............... 510,382 230,040 96, 586 48,01C 826 7,611 50, 965 19,121 17,023 10,804 10, OSfi 7^ 2481
1931............... 305,841 100, 274 50,037 20,109 496 4, 550 30, 598 10,880 24,267 5, 57S 14,013 8,04*
1932............... 155,677 73, 607 23, 884 9, Q4S 575 1, 21fl 13, 710 7,319 16,198 3, 518 5, 535 964
1033............... 147,053 72,783 22, 551 18,985 170 1, 491 5, 523 5,608 9,474 2,633 6,000 2, 239
1934............... 162,394 04, 255 28, 261 17, 566 292 1,804
1, 077 20,040
16,775 4,222 9,425 2, 06C 0,532 012
1036............... 251, 558 135, 410 3fi, 391 20,038 916 0,176 13,522 3, 534 7, 009 934
1036............... 409,070 222, 514 57,178 40, 291 1,038 3, 36C 41,036 10,809 14,282 4,312 12, 852
13, 644 1,405
1937............... 446,084 235, 515 02, 283. 00,810 1,301 5,197 80, 489 11,411 12,464 5,73C 1,384
1038........ 429,028 240, 608 41, 789 25,247 1,038 1, 682 67, 023 17,285 15,664 5,303 17, 091 6,893
1939............... 513,380 332, 650 48, 798 44,208 607 1, 324 34, 418 11,593 15,121 6, 213 12, 371 6,020
1Owing to change in classification, data for airports have been excluded from “ Commercial” class and
included with “Publio utilities” for 1930 and subsequent years. Separate figures for airports are not avail'
able for years prior to 1030.
1 Owing to change in classification, figures for ‘'Industrial" class exclude data for pipe linos for 1920 and
subsequent years (separate figures not available for years prior to 1920), which data are included with those
for “Publio utilities.”
> Figures exclude data for 23 projects, valued at $20,651,900, for whioh data by class of construction are
not available. These projects wore under Civil Works Program, whioh was not in existence after March
1934.
Source: The F. W. Dodge Corporation, New York, N, Y,; Statistical and Research Division, historical
record. Figures published currently in Statistical Rosearoh Service.
8 9 3

8 9 4 'OONsmucTioN and s o u s in g
N o . 891.— C o n s t r u c tio n ' C o n t r a c t s A w a r d e d i n 37 S t a t e s — V a l u e , b it
D i s t r i c t s a n d S t a t e s : 1032 t o 1939
Note.—Value in thousands of dollars. See headnote, table 800
DISTRICT AND STATE 1032 1033 1934 m s 1930 1037 1938 1939
Total (37 States)............ 1,351,159 1,285,700 1,543,109 1,844,546 2,675,298 2,913,060 3, 196, 928 3,560,643
New England____________ 114, 053 120,696 144,861 148,040 215,394 199,587 256, 210 255,223
Maino................................. 8,747 6,330 7,541 9,774 10,419 9,201 15, 517 8,103
New Hampshire------------- 4,079 6,627 7,038 4,791 7,659 7,994 11,347 12,354
Vermont_____ ____ ____ 4,318 5,927 5.835 7,663 7,745 7,341 6,884 7,213
Massachusetts. .................. 04,101 62,123 82,317 83,589 115,364 100,298 120,063 120,090
Rhode Island..................... 0,348 8,822 12,105 9,931 19,723 11,630 22,316 23,602
Connecticut........................ 26,461 31,862 30,020 32,291 54,554 63,122 73,083 70,781
Metropolitan New York and
vicinity..... ....................... 160,678 176,618 206,498 302,246 417,888 499,157 687,703 647,176
New York (New York City
to Newburgh)!,............... 138,220 133, Oil 163,168 240,272 316,967 407,539 496,401 431,158
New Jersey (Northern)___ 52,440 43,607 43,339 61,973 101,021 91,610 92,302 116,018
Upstate New YorkJ________ 75,955 76,671 62,414 63,763 120,460 116,444 127,026 138,691
Middle Atlantic______ ____ 227.815 136,101 3 191,018 228,167 321,060 377,968 364,762 433,455
Pennsylvania (Eastern)___ 83,837 52,609 68,244 70,090 128.413 138,501 133,917 158,572
New Jersey (Southern)....... 12,405 10,205 20,218 17,467 28,031 25,638 19,860 24,738
Maryland............................ 34,990 24,238 33,601 41,197 52,113 70,008 72,528 80,833
Delaware.........................— 6,418 4,975 7.558 6,715 13,740 9,704 11,375 13,635
District of Columbia.......... 68.487 18,978 23,238 51, 676 55,315 65,444 40]437 77,175
Virginia,............................. 21,383 25,006 40,158 41,023 43,449 68,074 80,645 78,502
Pittsburgh........................... .. 151.612 146,866 3200,085 210,667 284,566 386,089 382,479 563, 101
Pennsylvania (Western). _. 34,883 24,447 37,405 47,060 67,521 112,148 92,400 104,837
West Virginia...................... 14.500 9,650 46,193 21,376 22,403 24,459 34] 610 36,511
Ohio..................................... 81.479 84,921 95,432 119,118 163,039 205.549 195] 457 244,587
Kentucky............................ 20,652 27,848 21,055 28,105 31,593 43,933 59] 934 107]160
Southeastern.......................... 88,260 127,033 155,184 178, 594 287,504 264,972 288,367 373,123
North Carolina................... 12.507 19, 055 34, 373 32,050 51,790 55,741 61] OSR 68] 402
South Carolina.................... 7,669 6,252 15,079 18,493 32,272 34,039 34] 814 4l] 077
Georgia................................ 21,363 15,194 28,084 35, 598 40,134 32,946 50,847 64] 837
Elorida................................ 10, 292 28,727 41,823 53,843 72,674 86,013 74,729 02 9.93
Tonnessee (Eastern)........... 11,035 31,442 14,003 20,227 42,430 20,303 31, 7fl9 64] 232
Alabama.............................. 10,503 25, 762 21,223 18,383 48,204 29,030 34] 560 42] 352
Chicago.............-.................... 152,842 121,885 176,174 228,821 822.240 307,824 319, 294 3flfi MU
Illinois (Northern).............. 66, 049 65,489 80,826 102,810 143,974 137,384 119,054 101,560
Indiana............................... 25, 769 29, 500 41,023 46,281 70,257 00,037 78,071 87, 1 UK
Iowa.................................... 25,362 18,254 28.151 39,542 48,857 44,001 57,213
Wisconsin (South and East). 35,071 18,553 26,174 40,187 61,153 57,402 63,456 Cl] 464
Central Northwest.................. 61,616 44,072 58,699 64,563 89,388 92,387 93,669 100,916
Minnesota........................... 36,881 26,315 20,588 34,757 63,377 54,739 56,779 69,440
North Dakota..................... 7,620 2,948 6,018 6,727 10,626 6,877 8,258 8,384
South Dakota..................... 4,216 6,258 8,202 8,237 8,754 9,498 9,945 7,600
Michigan (No. Peninsula) - 3,897 2,817 4,834 8,623 6,003 8,220
Wisconsin (North and
7,827 5,898
West)............................... 8,904 6,733 8,998 6,208 10,629 13,053 10,800 fl, 512
Southern Miohigan (South
Peninsula)...................... 41, 715 47,960 54,842 88,740 136, 635 163,870 181, 641 155, 898
St. louis............. .................... 81,.771 80,303 95,504 114,128 177,831 154,607 187,429 196,930
Illinois (Southern)_______ 27,705 23,062 36,882 33,262 54,210 00,702 74,861 78,380
Missouri (Eastern)......... 38,317 34,845 29,607 51,414 69,169 64,825 70,464 71,242
Arkansas............................. 11,327 17,550 . 22,212 22,783 29,128 17,777 27,683 29,172
Tennessee (Western).......... 4,422 4.856 6,802 6,669 35,324 11,304 14,431 18,130
Kansas City__ ____________ 76,681 73,751 77,746 90,906 121,185 126,137 139.083 127' 930
Kansas............................... 23,788 16,368 14,393 24,856 39,857 37,417 35,431 35,478
Oklahoma_____________ 21,065 20,257 21,270 31,872 31,726 36, 111 46] 853
Nebraska______________ .14,650
34,413
18,357 23,278 16,959 21,472 28,587 32] 126 33,038
Missouri (Western)______ 17,160 18,768 18,805 17,219 28,131 24,041 24] 073 24, 101
Texas (State only)_____ ___ 56,283 59,662 64,282 69,002 110,240 132,118 168, 550 179^ 337
New Orleans.......................... 87,227 44,003 56,902 51,030 70,946 91,794 91, 825
Louisiana............................ 22,594 34,745 40,305
03,279
36,069 34, 591 02,910 60] 931
Mississippi.......................... 14,633 9,348 15,607 14,961 36,355 28,875
61,677
34,894 31,002
Totals for States in more than
one district:
New Jersoy......................... 64,944 53,813 03,557 79,430 129,052 117,256 112,102 140, 750
New York........................... 214,184 200,682 225, 572 304,035 437,426 523,982 622,427 560,840
Pennsylvania...................... 118,721 77,055 103,049 118,059 195,033 250, C49 226,386 283,409
Tennessee............................ 16,358 36,298 20,805 26,890 77, 755 37,007 46,200 82,308
Illinois................................ 94,354 78, 541 117,709 130,072 198,184 198,085 194,816 269,039
Wisconsin............................ 43,975 25,286 35,172 46,396 71, 781 70,450 74,316 70,070
Missouri.............................. 55,486 53,613 48,412 68,633 87,300 88.866 95,127 05,343
M ichigan............. ............ 45,612 50,787 59,670 97,303 142,637 172,196 190,368 161,896
1New York City, Long Island, and Westchester, Orange, Putnam, and Rockland Counties, N . Y.
1 All counties north oi Orange, Putnam, and Rockland.
>Excludes valuo of projects under Civil Works Program: Middle Atlantio, $28,068,000; Pittsburgh
Source: The E.W . Dodge Corporation, New York, N. Y.; figures published currently in Statistical
Research Service, ' ..........

CONSIllUCTION CONTRACTS 8 9 5
No. 8 0 2 .— C o n s t r u c t i o n C o n t r a c t s A w a r d e d i n 37 S t a t e s — V a l u e , b y
P u b l i c a n d P r i v a t e O w n e r s h i p , a n d F l o o r S p a c e , b y M o n t h s : 1936 t o
1940
N o t e .— S ee h e a d n o te , ta b le 890
VALUE (THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS)
MONTH Total Public ownership
January............
February-.......
March...............
April................
M ay..................
J u n e .................
Ju ly .................
August..............
September........
October.............
November........
December.........
1930 1937 1938 1939 1940 m e 1937 1938 1930 m o
Total........ 2,676,298 2,813,060 3, 190,923 3,560,543 1,334,230 1,151,943 1,704,720 1,702,239
214,793 242,719 192,231 251, 673 190,191 148, 192 112,237 117,601 147,910
140,419 188,257 118, 045 220,197 200,574 78, 831 69,381 51, 054 110, Q7B
198,762 231,246 226, 018 300, 661 272,178 90, 110 60,355 94, 597 127, 770
234,032 209,534 222, 010 330, 030 300, 504 104, 559 . 74,164 99,219 169, Q5G
216,071 243, 738 283, 156 308, 487 328, 914 94, 491 92,520 143, 700 134,757
232,665 317, 742 251, 000 288, 316 324, 720 110, 300 137,458 107,777 127,505
294,735 321, 003 239, 700 299, 883 398,073 153, 302 130, 77G 07,838 130, 543
276,281 281,217 313,141 312, 328 414,941 153, 018 103,641 171, 099 158,459
234,272 207, 072 300, 900 323, 227 347, 051 115, 500 79, 624 100,125 144,216
225,768 202, 081 357, 698 201, 790 101, 231 77.889 203,359 91,004
208,204 198,401 301, 070 299, 847 80, 080 92.889 178, 948 143,047
199,690 209,450 389, 439 354, 098 82, 400 115,053 279,403 225, 096
Value (thousands of dollars)—Continued
Private ownership
Floor space of buildings (thousands
of square feet)
Total........ 1, 341, 068 1,701,117 1, 492, 208 1,842,304 409, 676 446, 034 429,028 513,330
January............. 05,001 130,482 74, 030 103, 757 103, 059 27, 053 33,442 19,200 34,511
February.-....... 01, 588 118,876 67, 891 100, 222 118,908 20, 857 28,942 18, 904 32, 055
March............... 102,062 164,891 132, 321 172, 885 177,207 31, 258 41, 569 34, 055 43, 733
A p ril............... 130,073 195,370 122, 797 170, 374 197, 054 37, 408 48,240 32,569 45,102
M ay............. . 121,580 151, 212 139,456 173, 730 217,336 30, 363 40,222 34,760 45, 438
J u n e .________ 116,275 180, 284 143, 229 100, 721 177,410 36, 881 46,302 35,882 43,115
July................... 141,433 100,827 141,961 103, 340 194,105 38, 703 45,812 33,308 44, 003
August.............. 122,263 177,576 142, 042 153, 800 219,648 40, 285 40,880 38.527 43,000
September........ 118, 712 127,448 140, 775 170, Oil 203,055 35, 448 32,354 37.528 49,570
October............ 124,537 124,242 154, 339 170,102 30, 719 30,266 50,609 46,170
November........ 119,118 105,512 122, 731 150, 200 34, 948 20,337 45,138 40,647
December....... 117,230 94,38? no, 030 129,003 33,033 28,71,8 48,548 34,424
92, 532
81, 000
94, 971
103, 450
111, 578
147, 310
204, 508
195, 293
143, 090
28, 282
31, 598
45, 705
50, 203
53, 347
51, 736
69, 824
02, 903
65,085
Source: The F.W. Dodge Corporation, Now York, N. Y.: Statistical and Research Division, historical
record. Figures published currently in Statistical Research Service.
No. 8 9 3 .— C o n s t r u c t i o n C o n t r a c t s A w a r d e d — I n d e x e s o f V a l u e : 1919
t o 1940
N o t e . —1983-26 average*-100. Indexes are derived from monthly figures of construction contracts awarded
reported by the F. W. Dodge Corporation. Reports covored 37 States beginning with May 1024 and a
varying number for earlier years. In ordor to obtain comparable figures from 1019 to date, tho total value
of construction contracts awarded in 37 States was estimated for January 19X9 through April 1924. Seasonal
adjustments were computed separately for “residential” and "all other” typos of construction and
tho two series combined. The indexes aro based on a 3-month moving nvorago, centered at the middle
month. For a more detailed description of the indexes, see the Federal Reserve Bulletin for July 1931
T E A R
Total
All
other
Y E A R AND
MONTH
Total
All
othor
YEA R AND
MONTH
Total
Residential
Residential
Resident
i a l
AH
other
1919.............. 63 44 79 1938: 1039—Con.
1920.............. 63 30 90 52 26 73 67 68 74
1021.................... 50 44 65 51 32 66 63 55 68
1922.............. 79 68 88 40 33 56 63 58 67
1923............ 84 81 80 52 37 65 July 67 62 71
1024.............. 94 95 04 61 37 62 73 67 78
1925.............. 122 124 120 64 42 64 73 08 76
1920_______ 129 121 135 July . ... 50 49 68 76 68 82
1927.............. 129 117 139 August__ 66 53 77 November 83 61 101
1028___ . . . . 135 126 142 September. 78 56 96 December. 86 60 107
1029............. 117 S7 142 October.-. 82 . 57 102 1040:
1930.............. 92 50j 125 November. 96 60 128 January 76 53 93
1031.............. 63 37 84 December. 96 67 128 February. 03 56 68
1932.............. 28 13 40 1930: March___ 02 57 66
1933............. 25 11 37 January .. 80 65 111 April.... . 04 62 66
1934............. 32 12 48 73 58 85 04 64 66
1935............. 37 21 60 00 66 80 74 69 77
1930.............. 65 37 70
1937.............. 59 41 ' 74
1938.............. 64 45 80
1939.............. 72 00 81
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; figures published currently in Federal Reserve
Bulletin.

8 9 6 OONST&UCJTION AND HOUSING
No. 894.— B u i l d i n g P e r m i t s I s s u e d — N u m b e r a n d C o s t o p B u i l d i n g s , P 6 1 I
P r i n c i p a l C i t i e s : 1035 t o 1939
N ote.—Figures cover now buildings and repairs to old buildings, b u t exclude data for installation pernuts
(those for installing boilers, signs, etc.) which are not strictly building operations. Iocs 0 perm its are
rather numerous, but in value they are of small amount. The number figures represent the mini Dor of
buildings covered by permits Issued (new construction and repairs, etc.), rather than the num ber of
permits. Buildings authorized by permit arc not always actually constructed, and the actual cost of
those constructed may differ considerably from th at originally estim ated. Tho cities shown had ft
population of 50,000 or over in 1930
C IT S '
E S T I M A T E D C O S T O F B U I L D I N G S
T O T A L N U M B E R O F B U I L D I N G S
( T H O U S A N D S O F D O L L A R S )
1935 1936 1937 1938 1039 1935 1030 1037 1038 1939
Akron, Ohio............ 1,387 1,781 1,860 1,393 1,878 1,338 2,41Q 3,350 1,622 3,288
Albany, N. Y.......... 1,8 U 2,280 2,377 2,389 2.616 2,121 2,847 3,154 2,004 2,187
Allentown, Pa____ 276 370 456 367 787 723 797 1,430 2,188 2,004
Altoona, Pa............ 597 554 724 402 651 223 247 649 134 394
Asheville, N. O___ 246 605 492 418 420 300 664 723 727 875
Atlanta, Ga............. 2,324 2,346 2,148 2,205 4,370 6,622 4,789 4,675 3,950 14,908
Atlantic City, N. J. 845 876 874 721 846 2,180 751 080 010 2,174
Augusta, Ga............ 413 476 385 458 1.021 693 766 737 952 2,085
Austin, Tex.............. 2,219 2,399 2,326 3,127 3,698 5,088 4,773 4,281 6,058 0,774
Baltimore, Md........ 8,137 8,730 9,845 9,631 11,645 8,326 14,768 15,100 15,705 10,795
Bayonne, N. J ......... 269 274 272 252 223 1,502 491 671 924 834
Beaumont, Tex....... 1.104 1,152 1,292 1,251 1,462 696’ 1,108 1,373 1,107 1, 005
Berkeley, Calif........ 1,077 1,758 2,034 2,049 1,841 1,203 2,520 2,327 3, 570 3 ,133
Bethlehem, Pa........ 166 203 272 215 307 301 570 1,325 620 1,252
Binghamton, N, Y__ 2,290 1,684 1,823 1,187 1,325 1,149 1,784 1,741 1, 508 2,210
Birmingham, A la... 3,506 4,158 5,204 5,087 7,433 2,335 3,697 2,833 2,732 8,185
Boston, Mass.1........ 6.241 6,370 5,919 5,421 5,221 15,416 17,882 21.947 IS, 133 19,702
Bridgeport, Conn... 658 783 706 766 2,201 1,153 1,591 2, 555 1,489 0,200
Brockton, Mass....... 374 344 316 287 309 400 336 606 270 399
Buffalo, N. Y.......... 2,216 1,899 2,048 2,253 3,008 4,148 7,143 6,483 7,165 13, 202
Cambridge, M ass... 078 684 694 665 656 846 2,939 3,600 3,221 2,978
Camden, N. J .......... 588 1,113 1,049 851 846 1,601 3,391 1,871 711 1,810
Canton, Ohio........... 628 945 1, 519 1,343 1,382 450 927 1,308 1,824 1,077
Cedar Bapids, Iowa, 1,521 1,496 1,790 2,036 2,270 079 1,088 1,261 1, 054 1,803
Charleston, S. C...... 522 570 565 761 1,183 1,507 2,870 1, 567 3,052 4,817
Charleston, W. Va.. 521 885 1,200 1,203 1,466 1,244 2,065 2,408 2,048 6,380
Charlotte, N. C....... 944 1,292 910 780 1,495 1,491 2,741 3,483 2,907 5,699
Chattanooga, Tenn. 3,292 4,243 4,007 3,570 4,139 1,190 2,755 2,754 3, 604 6, 200
Chester, Pa.............. 124 98 108 04 126 3G0 300 381 402 1,850
Chicago, 111.............. 4,237 B, 670 6,830 5,07G 7,699 17,830 35,011 35,957 29,350 52,135
Cicero, 111................. 86 150 249 146 237 200 351 725 555 024
Cincinnati, Ohio__ 4,415 4,968 6,050 5,281 5,170 9,919 24,039 15,105 12,086 12,372
Cleveland, Ohio...... 3,549 4,800 4,729 4, 567 6, 750 12,357 8,887 11,334 7,300 20,802
Columbia, S. C....... 542 629 555 495 1,013 1,621 3,177 1, 020 1,701 6, 237
Columbus, Ohio___ 1,219 1,674 2,323 2,255 3,050 2,757 5,608 6,686 0,210 11,523
Covington, Ky........ 178 205 181 194 472 136 632 787 345 3,065
Dallas, Tex.......... 3,330 4, 304 4,006 4,747 5,009 6,183 11,596 7,534 8,853 10,877
Davenport, Iowa__ 1,535 1,674 1,625 1,923 2,094 437 854 1,124 1,080 3, 309
Dayton, Ohio.......... 769 1,072 1,694 1,536 % 160 1,140 3,029 4,403 3,259 4,752
Decatur, III.............. 271 261 325 250 372 880 870 790 1,577 017
Denver, Colo........... 3,470 3,930 4,401 4,848 5, 573 5,150 7,552 8,010 8,539 15,434
Des Moines, Iowa... 1,102 1,499 1,305 1,640 2,170 2,158 2,623 2,702 3, 031 028
Detroit, Mich.......... 10,145 16,617 10,635 17,278 20,279 22,218 43,052 56,543 51,779 62,773
Duluth, Minn......... 1,631 1,919 1,735 1,990 1,950 980 1,195 2,197 1,470
Durham, N. O.........
lj 034
409 459 481 604 412 1,146 1,895 2,297 2,936 2,508
East Chicago, Ind... 224 336 461 248 343 645 504 1, 024 1,851 9 . son
East Orange, N. J— 1,082 1,239 007 541 573 672 1.595 1,559 1,013 R 1R
East St. Louis, 111__ 282 421 432 395 382 837 373 889 403 R fifl
Elizabeth, N. J ........ 357 372 389 357 374 587 943 834 1,224 3,711
El Paso, Tex............ 462 618 732. 717 1,208 1,183 959 1,707 1, 700 2,031
Erie, Pa............... 533 621 802 705 877 640 747 1,405 1,651 i r u 9 .
Evanston, IU______ 233 320 343 304 421 , 948 2,108 3j 022 i , 703
Evansville, Ind....... 1,237 1,606 2,140 1,195 1,417 i,ii0 I , 953 3| 236 1 ,370
Fall River, Mass__ 321 311 375 309 731 195 312 ‘ 569 ' 680
Flint, Mich.............. 2,359 3,455 3,866 2,691 3, 936 1,451 3, 439 3,009 2,503 3,418
Fort Wayne, Ind__ 1,079 1,662 1,566 1,136 1,346 1,208 1,793 2,563 2 6 9 5
Fort Worth, Tex__ 1,224 2,010 1,018 2,481 3,043 3, 312 8i 534 i 105
Fresno, Calif............
6, 349
2, 044 2,333 2,226 2,044 2, 611 2,008 2,155 3,020
Galveston, Tex........ 1,144
2,701
1,136
3; 566
1,243 1,604 1,574 1,243
Gary, Ind................
1, 674 3,792
1,359
3, 263
1,127 1,167 704 1,329 625 1, 310 1,788 1,000 2', 741
GrandRapids,Mich_ 999 1,530 2,016 1,857 2,384 57X 1, 670
Greensboro, N. C._.
2,167 1,441
540 908
2,013
063 591 834 1,074 1,847 2,121 1,872 2,103
1 Figures represent applications filed.

B U IL D IN G P E R M IT 'S 897
No. 8 9 i . — B u i l d i n g P e r m i t s IsauED— N u m b e r a n d C o s t o f B u i l d i n g s , f o r
P r i n c i p a l C i t i e s : 1935 t o 1939— Continued
CITY
TOTAL NUMBER OF BUILDINGS
ESTIMATED COST OF BUILDINGS
(THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
1935 1030 1937 1938 1930 1935 1036 1037 1938 i m
Ham ilton, Ohio........ 206 331 439 449 478 255 464 771 612 646
Ham m ond, Ind_ 1,129 1,415 1, 407 1,185 1,173 1, 406 3,261 3,255 2,456 2,849
H am tram ck, M ich-. 385 409 432 342 418 510 416 579 ‘ 336 624
Harrisburg, P a .......... 300 379 436 400 484 779 1,268 7,356 1,781 3,431
H artford, C onn........ 1,574 1,947 1, 640 2,100 1, 772 2,635 3,045 6,200 3, 971 3j 713
H ig h la n d P a r k ,
M ich........................ 244 250 262 188 227 440 569 1,622 411 850
Hoboken, *N. J .......... 390 453 360 445 473 522 497 901 1,194 1,005
Holyoke, M ass.......... 204 162 186 174 148 336 674 423 407 346
Houston, T ex........... 3,128 4, 540 4, 683 5, 611 6, 254 7, 339 18,493 18,607 25, 052 26,737
H untington, W, Va. 231 343 478 450 844 013 1,519 1, 288 1, 553 3| 877
Indianapolis, I n d .- . 2,268 2, 558 2, 910 3,120 3,641 6,334 8,200 7,558 9, 416 11,233
Irvington, N. J ......... 248 324 290 290 293 446 387 982 521 436
Jackson, M ich.......... 298 360 523 307 382 163 377 586 390 3G5
Jacksonville, F la ___ 4,013 4,740 4, 414 4,749 4,588 3, 107 4,843 5,037 9, 528 7,373
Jersey C ity, N . J__ 762 795 712 549 621 1, 063 9,687 2,847 1, 434 5,725
Johnstown, P a .......... 322 901 704 452 419 123 875 1,315 37G ’ 405
Kalamazoo, M ic h ... 620 783 843 758 820 883 1,390 699 2,139 2,251
Kansas C ity, Kans- 307 445 421 377 422 1, 024 671 881 2,044 3; 681
Kansas City, M o .. . 1,096 1,022 992 900 1,557 3, 926 6,981 5, 665 3,185 2,811
ICenosha, IVis............ 208 431 418 271 409 389 558 569 393 7.10
Knoxville, T en n___ 640 837 914 872 2,337 1,888 2,698 2,080 1,679 4,943
Lakewood, Ohio___ 237 327 292 290 281 - 421 740 601 1,108 689
Lancaster, P a .......... 374 496 508 413 340 095 2,242 1,187 736 655
Lansing, M ich .......... 715 939 866 676 808 1,054 2,174 3,800 1, 518 1,764
Jjawrenco, M ass... - 321 344 368 292 315 367 908 1,022 030 820
Lincoln, N cbr........... 1,382 1,554 1, 577 1,997 2, 404 991 1,078 1,645 1, 508 2,896
U tile Book, A rk___ 1, 324 1,200 1,402 1,150 1, 003 577 982 1,479 1,902 1,892
Long Beach, C alif-. 5, 621 7,611 8, 454 10,326 12, 453 0, 828 8,083 8,130 11,573 12,060
Los Angeles, C alif- 21, 559 30, 571 32,884 35,563 39, H I 32, 519 64,105 64,614 70,969 76,037
Louisville.- K y .......... 1,297 1,074 1,452 1,472 2, 512 3, 262 5,963 4, 745 3,944 8, 677
Lowell, M ass............ 411 626 448 302 081 253 553 720 424 2,425
Lynn, M ass.............. 480 5 8 5 658 500 409 796 033 1,113 1,986 1050
M acon, Ga................. 567 885 835 603 916 291 828 430 446 2,082
M adison, W is........... 682 037 1,023 912 997 1,150 1,952 2,428 4,150 5,046
M alden, M ass.......... 270 305 322 411 414 167 807 403 372 1,547
M anchester. N. H ... 030 891 971 2,178 1, 556 300 792 1,354 1,456 1,200
M cKeesport, P a ___ 556 741 967 684 1,015 284 081 693 520 1 ,50i
M edford, M ass........ 254 261 263 247 250 320 80S 559 1,165 416
M em phis, Tonn....... 2,854 3,040 3, 574 3, 540 4. 978 2,772 10,233 6, 589 6,102 10,354
M iam i, F la ............... 6,354 7,753 7,076 6,407 7,887 5,411 13,303 13,070 11,707 16,365
M ilwaukee, 4,119 6,329 5, 242 4,437 5, 522 7,405 11,699 13, 004 6,552 10,449
M inneapolis, Minn.. 3, 074 4,701 5, 007 4, 620 5, 121 4, 772 7,533 10,683 7,852 18,083
M obile, A la............... 552 613 520 590 1, 322 512 889 1,074 1,272 4, 401
M ontgom ery, A la ... 1,483 1,732 1, 799 1, 334 1, 655 1,748 1, 556 1,347 2,148 2, 757
M t. Vernon, N. Y .„ 253 218 212 242 255 1,357 2, 228 826 1,405 919
N ashville, T enn....... 1,194 2, 019 1, 400 1,102 1, 236 3, 545 7,035 4,807 3,346 8,601
N ew ark, N . J ____ 1,057 1,088 1,084 896 1,187 5, 585 5,089 4,948 3,691 9, 557
New Bedford, Mass -443 604 704 947 780 337 301 780 517 864
N ew B ritain, Conn. 552 904 928 944 894 715 1,039 1,037 978 942
Now H aven, Conn 588 727 772 890 981 1,079 1,272 3,998 2,904 3,917
Now Orleans. L a .., 999 1,367 1,225 1,152 2, 410 3,956 4,816 13,319 5,082 19,230
N ew Rochelle, N. Y . 233 343 351 291 307 591 1,761 3, m 1,777 1,228
N ew ton, M ass_____ 604 804 712 906 865 2, 591 4,511 3, 253 2,838 2,968
Now York, N. Y.:
Borough of Bronx1.
Borough of Brookly
6. 231 7,411 7,194 2,428 2,176 23,721 55, 043 50, 322 48, 216 43,320
n i ......................
Borough of M anhattan
10. 566 15,491 16,021 14,359 11,031 48,172 52,848 68, 611 64, 091 02,011
i................
Borough of
4, 239 4, 753 5, 531 4,483 4,432 47,148 03, 336 90,289 71,155 55, 570
Queens ‘..............
Borough of Richm
13, 517 17,604 17, 660 17,327 10,190 29,402 49, 220 100,814 149, 534 82,182
o n d ' ................. 1, 655 1,960 2,029 2,086 924 5,381 3,020 4, 508 3,208 3,402
N iagara Falls, N . Y . 882 1,119 1, 633 1,412 1,403 967 3, 302 2,888 1,416 1,731
Norfolk, V a................
Oakland, Calif..........
Oak Parle, 111. ........
774 899 963 1,150 1,369 2, G12 2,179 3,382 8, 260 5,192
3,801 5,104 6,053 5,347 6,472 9, 545 8,055 8,101 0,276 11, 384
225 346 359 329 302 620 1,498 991 715 783
O k la h o m a C ity ,
O kia.......................... 1,298 2,031 2,040 1,842 1,845 3,262 8,144 5,775 8,745 4,590
Omaha, N c b r........ ... 1,157 1,327 1,440 1, 598 2,188 1, 642 4,349 3,842 1,926 5,454
Pasadena, Calif____ 2.411 2,917 3, m 3, 5 5 2 4 , 5 3 4 2,221 3, 029 4,411 3, 355 3 ,7 4 7
Passaic, N . J ............. 636 468 546 442 S49 479 844 610 455 737
Paterson, N. J ........... 1,042 1,012 840 787 925 897 1,788 1,116 1, 729 1,500
P aw tucket, B. I ----- 457 516 556 508 625 450 043 809 1, 529 1,337
1 Figures represent applications flledi

8 9 8 CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING
No. 894.— B u i l d i n g P e r m i t s I s s u e d — N u m b e r a n d C o s t o f B u i l d i n g s , f o r
P r i n c i p a l C i t i e s : 1935 t o 1939— Continued
CIT?
I
TOTAL NUMBER OF BUILDINGS
e s t im a t e d cost o f b u il d in g s
(THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS)
1935 1936 1937 1938 1930 1935 1036 1937 1938 1030
Peoria, 111.................
Philadelphia, P a—..
Pittsburgh, Pa.........
Pontiac, Mich____„
Port Arthur, Tex__
Portland, Me...........
Portland, Oreg.........
Providence, R. I-..-
Pueblo, Colo............
Quincy, Mass..........
Raoino, Wis.............
Reading, Pa.............
Richmond, Va.........
Roanoke, Va............
Rochester, N. Y___
Rockford, 111............
Sacramento, Calif...
Saginaw, Mich....... .
St. Joseph, Mo........
St. Louis, Mo......... .
St. Paul, Minn........
Salt Lake City, Utah.
San Antonio, T ex...
San Diego. Calif___
San Francisco, Calif.
San Jose, Calif..........
Savannah, Ga...........
Schenectady, N . Y_.
Scranton, Pa.............
Seattle, Wash_____
Shreveport, La.........
Sioux City, Iowa___
Somerville, M ass.__
South Bend, Ind___
Spokane, Wash........
Springfield, 111..........
Springflold, M ass...
Springfield, M o........
Springfield, Ohio___
Syracuse, N. Y.........
Tacoma, Wash.........
Tampa, Fla...............
Terre Hauto, I n d ...
Toledo, Ohio.............
Topeka, Kans...........
Trenton, N. J___
Troy, N, Y..........
Tulsa, Okla_____
Union City, N. J . . „
Utica, N. Y..........
Waco, Tex.................
Washington, D. O ..
Waterbury, C onn...
Wheeling, w . V a ...
Wichita, Kans..........
Wilkes-Barre, P a__
Wilmington, D el__
Winston-Salem, N.O.
Worcester, Mass___
Yonkers, N. Y ..........
York, P a....................
Youngstown, Ohio..
711 1,405 1,257 1, 405 1,958 1,844 4,465 3 J 8 8 3,161 7. 296
4,407 7,440 11,746 0,401 11,945 12,387 23,561 37,284 21,730 40,801
2,448 2,755 3,144 „ 3, 000 3.406 5,911 7, 073 8, 597 11,440 18,400
536 798 1,130 651 906 769 1,489 1,632 1,402 1,391
817 1,399 1,480 1,373 1, 310 546 1,028 828 1, 445 1,103
872 879 882 890 922 438 681 7 7 2 624 035
3,721 4, 710 4,814 4,486 4,808 3, 542 6,790 8,688 0,790 9 ,7 2 3
3,662 3,974 3,927 3, 654 2,976 2,663 5, 085 3, 028 4, 720 3 ,4 8 4
544 543 767 788 893 441 280 658 625 857
935 1,197 1,178 1, 424 1,256 554 1,006 1,177 1,415 2, 284
203 377 367 483 551 428 1,174 861 1,000 1,059
646 1,328 1,427 1,170 1,626 360 1,875 1,088 1,379 2, 344
1,468 1,666 1,529 1,504 1, 535 1,743 3.725 4,200 4,505 7 ,7 0 2
432 480 586 761 849 024 983 2, 005 1, 561 1,215
1, 393 1,695 1,827 1, 714 1,736 2,798 5, 778 5,040 3, 753 4 ,9 3 8
539 842 894 701 1,004 586 1,228 1, 321 1, 310 3,401
1,229 1,859 2,310 2,022 2,458 1,910 7,216 9,166 9,125 7 ,0 0 4
2 844 1, 221 1,341 1,105 1,307 2 1, 288 1, 529 1,433 1,035 2 ,0 5 2
193 325 235 183 212 311 324 207 780 1,389
4,091 4, 230 3,995 3,916 4,344 15, 151 10,231 0,788 9,070 23, 874
2,704 3, 210 3,183 3, 458 4,048 3,182 0,235 6,196 7,016 8 ,1 1 5
1,788 1,781 2,196 2,333 2,187 1, 926 3,456 4,128 4,186 5,608
6,097 2,907 3,028 3, 076 5,585 6,050 4,731 5,201 6, 251 8 ,5 0 0
3,065 3,949 4, 210 4, 539 4,957 5,327 9, 456 9, 306 13,900 10, 215
4,064 5,063 5,861 6, 557 7,614 12, 345 19, 930 20,359 25, 728 29,294
839 1,173 1,237 1,280 1,442 1, 323 2,346 2,320 2,040 3 ,047
226 314 433 501 1,061 389 1, 523 1, 052 070 2,052
1,166 1, 205 1,457 1,184 1,212 065 1,791 2,538 1, 628 1,074
653 595 403 523 509 581 1,796 758 1,823 700
3,474 4,172 4,040 4,147 5, 220 3, 827 6,798 7,183 8,408 12,471
1,447 1, 432 1,513 1,703 1,838 1,305 2, 511 2,886 5,073 0 ,0 9 0
300 409 357 438 564 629 887 756 1,120 1, ISO
301 295 347 286 274 305 638 431 259 303
887 1,234 1,680 1,113 2,181 559 1,103 1,892 1, 058 2,160
1,752 2,803 3,264 3,468 3,038 1, 608 3,946 2,880 3,380 3 ,7 9 0
412 433 468 387 740 490 2,587 1,707 1,721 1,070
529 610 796 690 713 582 1,300 2, 807 2,371 3,559
087 746 798 778 1,005 580 976 1, 455 1,968 1, Q78
437 583 749 734 765 574 844 077 1,407 1,233
613 802 727 673 889 1,007 3,137 3,248 1, 733 3,460
949 1, 779 1,753 1,482 1,529 676 1,448 1,453 1,695 2 ,2 2 2
2,114 1,990 2,134 3,032 3,344 962 1,410 2,037 1,351 2 ,7 0 7
619 719 652 440 647 322 912 533 2, 696 1,452
1,000 1,714 1,873 1,363 2,241 1, 762 5,913 4,607 2, 357 6,077
031 881 830 757 743 979 2,288 2,125 2, 214 1,087
396 590 530 480 823 549 888 083 1, 028 4, 701
513 542 691 590 575 1, 254 994 951 58*8 015
689 1,138 1,100 1, 492 1,813 1, 509 2,588 0,013 3, 261 4, 557
424 372 301 310 310 436 302 504 249 308
197 178 177 138 267 280 521 995 650 1, 244
308 410 427 402 477 1,837 920 784 890 888
6,792 7,777 6,873 6, 672 7,199 47, 216 61,113 43, 205 51, 578 71, 050
3v)9 554 533 525 450 471 1,320 1,302 1, 608 1,053
458 747 689 536 610 570 1,227 2, 293 941 901
1,867 1,938 2,236 2,936 2,701 1, 251 2,350 2,300 3,169 2, 828
646 1,176 1,043 1,117 1,104 752 1, 205 1,010 998 934
1,059 1, 243 1,184 085 1,121 2, 430 4,101 4,270 2,280 4, 444
829 1, 422 1,367 1,230 1,329 1,000 1,499 2,121 2, 516 2, 286
1,156 1, 212 1,227 2. 377 1,347 1, 959 1,960 3, 426 3,420 3, 550
660 692 752 779 050 2,368 4,132 5,043 9,794 5‘ 284
855 1,104 1, 270 1, 213 1, 242 414 715 1 , 051 653 y , 1 0 2
914 1,060 1,191 867 1,310 740 1, 558 1,882 1, 293 6 ,1 9 7
i Data for 11 months only; March records destroyed by fire.
Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; reports No. 0.50 and 068, Statistics of B uilding
Construction, 1920 to 1938, and official records; figures published currently in m onthly report, B uilding
L-onsiruction.

CONSTRUCTION COSTS 899
No. 895.— B u i l d i n g P e r m i t s I s s u e d — N u m b e r a n d C o s t o r B u i l d i n g s ,
by C l a s s : 1938 a n d 1939
N ote.—See lioadnoto, table 894. Figures cover 2,323 identical cities
CLASS OF BUILDING
NUMBER OF
BUILDINGS
1988 1039
Percent
increase
decrease
ESTIMATED COST
(1,000 DOLLARS)
1838 1938
Percent
increase
o r „
decrease
Grand total, all buildings--------------- ------- 678,886 775,764 4-14.4 1,782,976 2, 135,632 +19.8
Total, new buildings_______________________ 382,613 867,628 + 5 0 1,459, 520 f, 784,076 + 2 0
New residential buildings____________ -. 161,636 233,125 4-44.2 882,206 1,169,096 +32.6
1-family dwellings................................. . 150,406 217,160 +44.3 592,256 830,724 +41.3
2-family dwellings...................... ............... 5,836 7,919 +35.7 20,613 40,135 +35.5
I-fnmlly and 2-family dwellings with
stores........................................................ 083 022 -6 .2 3,308 4,154 +0.1
Multifamily dwellings................ .............. 3,871 6,594 +70.3 240,332 267.239 +11.2
Multifamily dwellings with stores.......... 145 179 +23.4 5,9C4 4,800 -17.7
Hotels........... ........... ....... ........ ......... 65 109 +67.7 2,012 8,232 +215.2
Lodging houses...... ................................... 37 61 4-37.8 174 260 '+52.0
Other........................................................... 233 201 -13.7 7, 50(1 8,090 +6.9
New nonresidential buildings............ ............ 120,977 134,409 +11.1 577,656 014,378 +6.4
Amusement buildings.............................. 1,772 1, 653 -6 .7 27,020 25,10S -9 .1
Churches................................................ 936 987 +5.4 16,194 16,177 -0 .1
Factories and workshops..___ _______ 2,463 2,682 +8.6 45,726 47,45C +3.8
Public garages................................ _...... 850 1,100 4-30.5 7, 340 8,452 +15.1
Private garages........................................... 77, 411 87,168 +12.6 19,840 21,880 +10.3
Service stations ........................................ 4,390 4,765 +8.5 15,495 18,200 +17.5
Institutions................................................ 331 301 -9 .1 51,442 48.694 -6 .3
Office buildings.......................................... 474 501 4-6.7 18,094 20,382 +12.4
Public buildings...................................... 762 554 -27.2 109,932 100,33C -8 .7
Public works and utilities....................... GS1 705 +12.2 35,604 56,986 +60.1
Schools and libraries................................. m 904 -4 .7 129,142 143,472 +11.1
Sheds.....................-................................... 1ft, 44f 10,892 4,75£ 5,172 +8.7
Stables and barns.................................... 58C 664 +11. ( 482 718 +49.0
Stores and warehouses............................ 10. 504 12,201 +16.1 03,006 08,05£ +0.4
Ail other.......................... ................................ 2,362 3, 207 +35.8 2,070 2,430 - 1 8 . 2
Additions, alterations, and repairs____________ 395,772 408,226 4-3.1 323,066 361,607 + 8 .8
No. 896.— B u i l d i n g C o n s t r u c t i o n — C o s t , F a m i l i e s P r o v i d e d f o r , a n d
P o p u l a t i o n , f o r 257 I d e n t i c a l C i t i e s : 1923 t o 1939
[Estimated-cost £1 euros are basod on perm its issued for new buildings and for repairs to old buildings b u t
do not include data for installation perm its. Sec headnotc, table 894]
YEAR
Total
building
operations
ESTIMATED COST OF BUILDINGS
(THOUSANDS OP DOLLARS)
Now residential
buildings
Now nonrosidontint
buildings
Additions,
alterations,
and
repairs
E stim
ated
population
(thousands)
FAMILIES PROVIDED FOR p e r c e n t a g e o f f a m i­
l i e s PROVIDED FOR
N um ­
ber
R atio
to each
10,000
Inhabitan
ts
Index
num ­
ber adjusted
to population
(1021=
100)
1-family
dwellings
2-family
d w e llin
g s *
M ultifamily
dwellings
*
1023- . .. 3, 308,834 1,098, 393 1,065.624 334,867 39,076 453,673 116.1 193.4 45.8 21.2 33.0
1924....... 3. 508, 207 2,038,427 1,126,291 344,548 39,909 442,096 110.8 184.6 47.4 21.4 31.2
1025___ 4,028,006 2,390,300 1,300,494 337,182 40,742 491.032 120.5 200.8 45.9 17.6 36.6
1026....... 3,826,927 2,222,875 1.202.738 341,316 41, 576 462. 208 111.2 185.2 40.7 13.9 46.4
1927___ 3,478,604 1,000,003 1,231,786 340,315 42,400 406,095 95.8 159.5 38.3 13.4 48.3
1928___ 3,304,70C 1.869.424 1,135, 57C 309,706 43. 212 388,078 80.9 149.7 35.2 11.1 53.7
1929........ 2,933,212 1,433,716 1.147,707 351,70D 44,076 244,394 55.4 92.4 40.2 11.2 48.0
1930___ 1,697,725 601,270 849. 387 247, Ofig "44,90S 125,315 27.9 40.5 46.7 12.1 42.2
1031........ 1,237,458 426,270 022,830 18S, 357 (

900 C o n s t r u c t i o n a n d h o u s i n g
N o. 8 9 7 .— C o n s t r u c t i o n a n d O t h e r P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d F r o m F e d e r a l
F u n d s — V a l u e , b y T y p e , 1936 t o 1939, a n d b y F u n d , 1939
N o t e .—I n thousands of dollars. I n the case or Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration
funds, the entire amount is allotted to Federal departments or othor Federal agencies. The work
is performed by commercial firms under contracts or, in force-account, by day labor hired directly by the
Federal agencies for construction work. In the cases of allotments to States and local governments for
non-Federal projects, the Public Works Administration makes a direct grant ot not more than BOpercent
of the total Jahor and material cost on projects financed from funds appropriated under the National
Industrial Recovery Act, and of not more than 46 percent of the total labor and material cost on projects
financed by funds provided under the Emergency Belief Appropriation Acts of 1036, 1936, and 1937, or
the Public Works Administration Act of 1938. The State or local government finances the other 70 or 65
percent, in some cases through loans at interest through the Public Works Administration. Oommer-
FEDEUAL FUND AND TEAR
All types
of
projects
Building
Electrification
Forestry
Heavy
engineering
Hydroelectric
power
plants
Plant, Professional,
crop,
and livestock
and
technical,
conservation1
clerical
projects1
Total all funds:
1936 ........
1937 ....................
1938 ......................
1939 ............. ..........
1939, by F unds
Federal agency projects financed
by The Work
Projects Adm A ...........
Regular Federal appropriations..................................
PuhlicWorksAdm.: Federal.
Non-Federal;
N. I. Recovery Aot___
E.R. Appropriation Acts
of 1935, 1036, and 1037*.
P. W .A. A. 19387........ .
>1,612,262
>1,255,980
>2,079,125
>2,212,137
M97.929
3 344,566
4 676,542
8 629,882
24,685
62,342
104,981
119,656
90.896 28,300 232
1,256,527
43,163
107,218
29,840
98,517
2,139
9,750 241 311
33,288
507,135
6,366
277,449
3,487
14,973
17,924 40, 218 2,980 9,153 25,010
4,710 35.331 12,054 6,647 5,996
991 70, 337 31,952 9,041 5,285
13,300 97, 287 23,055 8,995 4,510
13,288 620 8,978 4,485
12 22 17
3,071 1,281
3,494 17,584
89,800 4,470
25
FEDERAL FUND AND YEAR
PUBLIC ROADS8
Railroad
Grade
struction
crossing
elimination
Roads and
repair
Total all funds:
1036.............................. 100,350 360,801 5,040 73,797 116,913 108,314
1937....... ...................... 25,055 299,845 84 59,051 73,959 181,467
1938.............................. 4,289 311, 717 175,382 128,402 291,514
1939.............................. 1,082 263, 374 111, 173 114,265 380,308
1939, BY FUNDS
Federal agency projects
financed by The work
1,002 1, 204 20,552 1,811
Regular Federal appro-
230,246 84,559 109,388 1,208
Public Works Adm.:
824 2,136 2,200 100
Non-Federal:
*1,380
E. R. Appropriation
Acte of 1935, 1936,
and 1937 .............
97
P. W. A. A. 10387 21,100 2,449
Reclamation
River,
h a r­
bor,
and
flood
control
Naval
vessels
STREETS AND
ROAD PAVING9
Grade
crossing
elimination
1,488
7,362
5,108
7,704
1,207
8
6,485
Streets
and
roads
39,048 154,706 34,800
28,602 75,558 >« 33,351
51,124 116,314 i®06,056
80,525 116,346 >0249,792
2,344
7,179
935
849
585
1, 531
830
510
474 2,773
68,744 110,117
Water
and
sewer
age
systems
Miscellaneous
7,345
237,626
1 Figures include data for projects other than construction.
9 Includes figures for low-cost housing projects (Housing Division, P. W. A.), as follows: Total. $54,797,000;
N. I. R. A. fund, $762,000; E . R. Appropriation Acts of 1935 and 1936 funds, $54,035,000.
•>Includes figures for low-cost housing projects (Housing Division, P . W. A.), as follows: Total, $17,239,000;
N. I. R. A. fund, $5,699,000; E. R. Appropriation Acts of 1935,1936, and 1937 funds, $11,540,000.
4 Includes $31,200,000 for low-cost housing projects; of this amount $30,572,000 is for United States Housing
Authority projects and $637,000 for P. W. A. projects (Housing Division, P. W. A.), made up as follows:
N. I. R. A. $188,000; E. R. A. A. 1935, $449,000.
s Includes $181,378,000 for housing projects under the U. S. Housing Authority.
• Prior to July 1939, administered by Works Program. 7 Program started July 1938.
8 Reportod by Pub. Rds. Adm. 9 Except projects reported by Pub. Rds. Adm., headed “Public roads.”
10 Includes amounts for ship construction and repair of other than naval vessels as follows: For 1937,
$15,805,000; 1938, $83,194,000; 1939, total, $192,361,000; Regular Federal Appropriations, $192,281,000; P. W. A.
Federal, $80,000. Amounts are also included for sewing, canning, and gardening as follows: For 1938,
$99,000; 1939, W. P. A., $51,000. Amounts are included for airports (exclusive of building and hangars) as
follows: 1939, total, $4,909,000: Regular Federal Appropriation $826,000; P. W. A., Federal $1,503,000;
W. P. A„ $2,520,000.
Source: Dept, of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; published currently in Monthly Labor Review.
4,134
6
682

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE CONSTRUCTION 9 0 1
N o . 8 9 8 .— C o n s t r u c t i o n in t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s — E s t i m a t e d E x p e n d i t u r e s
f o r P u b l i c a n d P r i v a t e C o n s t r u c t i o n : 1916 t o 1939
N o t e .—The estimates represent the value of work performed during the year, as measured by expenditures
for labor, material, and other items. They consequently differ from building permit and construction
contract data which measure the value of work started. In addition, they have a generally broader coverage
than permit and contract data. Figures Include value and cost of installation of equipment which
is an integral part of a structure, but not that of machinery, shipbuilding, or land costs
YEAR
Residential
building
(nonfarm)
Nonresidential
building'
PRIVATE CONSTRUCTION (VALUE IN MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Farm
construction
2
New
Light
and
power
Railroad
and
street
railway
Telephone
and
telegraph
Other
publio
utility
Total
new
construction
Maintenance
1916.......................... 1,110 639 334 300 117 60 78 2,728 1,024 3,752
1917............................ 940 712 472 616 123 83 59 2,904 1,083 3,987
1918........................... 720 038 591 472 102 Z!L 47 2, 040 1,342 3,982
1919........................... 1,600 056 680 320 156 73 104 3,898 1,549 5,447
1920............................ 1,010 1,743 578 260 262 120 111 4, G90 1,829 6,610
1921......................... 1,760 1,320 395 248 103 99 83 4,072 1,005 5,737
1922........................... 2,833 1,373 359 201 229 115 148 5, 318 1,070 6,088
1923.......................... 3,757 1,560 409 435 412 155 154 0, 882 1,810 8,002
1924.... ....................... 4,300 1,528 450 421 403 192 223 7,580 1,908 9,494
1925............................ 4,684 1,938 471 445 421 200 185 8,250 1,004 10,244
1920............................ 4,591 2,381 471 542 380 222 223 8,810 2,107 10,917
1927— ....................... 4,289 2,414 474 639 383 208 273 8,580 2,175 10,755
1928..................... ...... 3,961 2,425 464 523 353 242 212 8,180 2,200 10,380
1929............................ 3,424 2,432 404 592 387 348 236 7,883 2,290 10,179
1030............................ 2,195 1,867 367 606 409 334 163 6,041 2,140 8,081
1931.-................— 1,396 1,110 259 301 258 104 164 3,712 1,553 5,265
1032............................ 641 530 125 168 121 86 87 1,767 1,128 2,895
1933............................ 314 357 176 115 52 45 33 1,091 1,016 2,107
1934— ..................... 272 453 200 158 57 48 44 1,232 1,104 2,426
1935............................ 633 460 284 156 73 53 56 1,605 1,413 3,018
1936........................... 1,101 658 328 194 108 67 95 % 551 1,742 4,203
1937............................ 1,530 033 360 238 162 105 125 3,443 1,854 5,207
1938— ....................... 1,515 712 345 160 182 02 66 3,072 1,763 4,835
1939............................ 1,860 760 340 101 100 95 85 3,401 1,820 5,311
1916..
1917..
1918-.
1919..
1929.. .
1021.. .
1922.. .
1028..
1924..
1925-.
1026..
1027..
1928..
1929..
1030..
1931..
1932..
1933..
1934..
1938-
1936..
1937-
1938-
1939- .
TEA R
PUBLIC CONSTRUCTION (VALUE IN MILLIONS OP DOLLARS)
Sewers
and
water
supply
New
Highway
Residential
and
nonresidential
building
Military
and
naval
All
other 3
Total
new
construction
Workrelief
construction
1
Maintenance
Total
Total
total,
public
and
private
(millions
of
dollars)
“
308 05 207 21 72 703 269 072 4,724
313 91 192 008 60 1,273 290 1,563 5,550
288 94 227 1, 555 67 2,231 310 2, 541 0, 523
416 124 260 1,089 75 1,903
375 2,338 7,785
640 163 283 161 97 1,334
409 1,803 8,322
840 178 387 49 90 1,660
528 2,078 7,8*5
851 201 , 481 25 99 1,657
548 2,205 0,193
783 203 481 10 115 1,598
565 2,103 10,855
061 203 404 9 145 1,862
633 2, 495 11, 080
1,050 278 573 8 103 2,108 055 2,763 33, 007
1,030 285 603 11 175 2,113 892 2, 805 13,722
1,190 312 696 12 258 2,368
758 3,126 13,881
1,270 300 038 15 239 2,462
706 3, 258 13, 638
1,248 253 642 10 249 2, 411 810 3, 227 13,400
1,481 343 647 29 277 2,777
871 3,648 11,729
1, 323 270 591 40 353 2,577
776 3,363 8, R1S
916 156 408 34 280 1,794
024 2,418 5, 313
676 81 191 30 233 1,216 114 527 1,857 3,004
821 110 • 181 47 294 1,459 578 599 2,636 5,002
622 137 248 37 384 1,428 406 040 2,474 5,492
876 208 582 29 459 2,164 1,130 710 3,994 8, 287
850 174 533 37 433 2,027 775 725 3, 627 8,824
900 179 653 62 423 2,117 1, 202 -739 4,058 8,898
950 256 793 125 475 2,698 1, 032 747 4,377 9, 688
1Excludes nonresidontiol building by utilities,
a Includes expenditures for residential and nonresidontial construction and repairs. Excludes labor
performed by farm operators (owners or tenants) and regularly employed farm laborers.
1Largely expenditures for rivers and harbors, flood control and reclamation work and publio service
enterprises.
1In addition to the work-relief expenditures shown in this column, a small amount of work-relief is included
in now construction.
5 Includes new construction, maintenance, and work-relief construction.
Source: Dept, of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; Construction Activity in the
U. S., 1915-37; also published In certain Issues of the Survey of Current Business; later revisions from offlolal
records.

9 0 2 _ CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING
N o. 8 9 9 .— C o n st r u c t io n I n d u st r y— S u m m a r y, b y C l a s s on C o n t r a c t o r : 1935
Note.—The 1086 Census covered reporting contracting establishments that did work valued at $600 or
more. Figures do not cover all construction work done in the United States, as some contractors failed
to make returns. No data for force-account construction (no contracts let) are included. In reporting
work done, each contractor accounted for only the work performed by his own organization, excluding
value of work sublet to other contractors
[Value of work performed and pay roll in thousands of dollars]
ALL REPORTING
ESTABLISH­
MENTS, TOTAL
ESTABLISH­
ESTABLISHMENTS REPORTING WORK MENTS REPORT­
PERFORMED, PERSONNEL, AND I*AY ROLL ING WORK PER­
FORMED ONLY
KIND OP BUSINESS GROUP
Number
of
establishments
Value of
work
performed
Number
of
establishments
Value of
work
performed
A ctive
proprietors
and
firm
members
Employees
(average
for
year)
Pay
roll ■
Number
of
establishments
Valuo
of work
performed
United States.................. 75,041 1,822, 862 69, 838 1,457,710 69,193 409,137 470,276 5,209 165,162
General contractors................... 11,491 944,279 9,883 834, 391 3,286 258,344 277,912 1,608 109,888
Building3______ ________ 8,337 398,080 7,241 366, 612 0,433 106,366 120,316 l,09fi 42,468
Highway............................... 2,116 280, 332 1,723 240,040 1,298 87,242 76,409 393 39,383
Heavy construction.............. 1,038 204,067 019 236,030 666 04,736 81,103 119 28,037
Speolal trade contractors 83,556 678,583 (9,956 823,319 80,907 150,793 192,363 3,601 65,264
Carpentering____________ 7,853 31,993 7,033 30,123 8,078 6,074 6,894 228 1,870
Concreting............................. 981 11,311 m 10,884 971 3,736 3,897 35 427
Elentrical.............................. 8,473 104,774 7,467 93,229 7,300 21,014 30,993 1,010 11, 545
Elevator installation............. 404 23,53? 351 21,394 138 4,182 7,919 53 2,144
Excavating and/or foundation....................................
375 13,646 364 11,913 330 4,005 4,417 ii 1,733
Glass and glazing.................. 141 2,432 140 2,425 115 609 806 1 7
Heating and plumbing group. 23,866 284,670 22,947 269,031 23,238 58,249 72,362 909 15,048
Heating and piping............ 1,800 58,625 1,607 52,423 1,262 10,181 15,351 202 6,202
Heating and piping with
sheet metal..................... 1,790 27,144 1,733 26,284 1,801 0,513 8,030 57 860
Heating, piping, plumbing 8,441 111, 803 8,181 107,413 8,290 23,228 28,288 268 4,390
Heating, piping, plumbing
with sheet metal............. 1.330 24,200 1,329 24,020 1,373 5,754 7,027 10 180
Plumbing........................... 9,984 60,017 9,615 50,102 9,90? 11,960 13,042 372 3,855
Plumbing with sheet metal. 493 2,890 485 2,729 535 613 018 8 161
Roofing and shoet metal
group............................... 5,927 70,860 5,591 03,385 6,700 16,094 18,479 336 7,475
Roofing.............................. 1,931 30,960 1,813 28,311 l,72fl 7,301 8,329 118 2,649
Sheet metal........................ 2,526 16,410 2,370 13,612 2,572 3,190 3,483 160 2,798
Roofing and sheet metal... 1,470 23,490 1,402 21,462 1,402 5,607 6,667 68 2; 028
Masonry............................... 1,288 13,653 1,031 10,722 1,098 3,167 3,856 257 2,931
Ornamental iron................... 158 1,517 152 1,385 138 320 403 6 132
Painting, paperhanging, and
decorating.......................... 11,078 56,406 10.633 52,456 11,441 16,229 20,400 446 3,950
Plastering........................... 890 ' 10,110 888 9,878 906 3,278 4,368 11 232
Steel erection......................... 118 7,582 105 6,384 67 1,498 2,389 13 1,198
Stone sotting......................... 76 1,567 63 1,109 54 338 535 13 458
Tile and mantel.................... 801 16,713 727 14,130 620 3,908 4,847 164 2,577
Wrecking and demolition__ 120 2,052 128 2,044 119 1,025 1,060 1 8
Other... ................................. 000 25,150 799 22,221 585 6,267 8,609 110 2,920
1Does not include compensation for proprietors and firm members of unincorporated businesses.
3 Includes operative builders.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1036, Construction
Industry, Vol. I.

CONSTRUCTION 903
No. 9 0 0 .— Construction I ndustry— Summary, by States: 1935
N o t e . —Value of work performed and pay Toll in thousands of dollars. The figures f o r each State
cover the activities, including work done in other States, of contracting establishments located in the
given State. See also lieadnote, table 899
ALL REPORTING
ESTABLISHMENTS,
TOTAL
ESTABLISHMENTS REPORTING WORK PER­
FORMED, PERSONNEL, AND PAY ROLL
ESTABLISHMENTS
REPORTING WORK
PERFORMED
ONLY
DIVISION AND STATE
Number
of
establishments
Value of
work
performed
N um ­
ber of
establishments
Value of
work
performed
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
Employees
(average
for year)
Pay
roll 1
Number
of
establishments
Value of
work
performed
United States__ 76,017 1,622,862 69,838 1,457,710 09,193 409,137 470,276 5,209 165,162
New England.............. 6.889 116,901 6.439 106,276 6.200 28,991 36,020 460 10,626
Maine____ ______ 608 6,424 638 0,029 630 1,898 2,014 30 395
New Hampshire__ 443 5,691 428 5,439 462 1,459 1.672 16 262
Vermont.................. 314 2,294 206 1,874 323 598 591 19 420
Massachusetts......... 3,393 60,774 3,161 54,122 2,991 13,904 18,446 232 6,652
Rhode Island-------- 389 8,473 347 7.821 314 2,209 2,835 42 652
Connecticut........... 1,682 2 2 ,245 1,670 29,900 1,480 8,833 10,463 112 2,255
Middle Atlantic_____ SI, 418 416,30? 20,188 379,315 19,146 91,801 126,730 1 ,2 3 0 36,987
New York................ 10,990 260.088 10,300 241.074 9,214 55,057 83,138 681 26,014
New Jersey.............. 4,131 51,680 3,944 48,133 3,767 11,712 15.314 187 3,547
Pennsylvania.......... 6,297 98,634 5,935 90,108 6.164 23, 932 28,278 362 8,426
East North Central___ 16,809 939.774 14,685 290.067 14,406 81,417 100, m 1,244 40,707
Ohio......................... 4,282 77,879 3,949 68,736 3,895 17,662 22,276 333 9,144
Indiana.................... 2,320 31,773 2,197 27,8G0 2,291 7,012 7,949 123 3,013
Illinois..................... 3,883 130,470 3,667 115,174 3 ,3 9 5 31,507 41,341 326 18,296
Michigan................. 2,294 58,926 ■2,105 62,331 2,115 14,436 18,584 189 6,695
Wisconsin................ 3,030 40,728 2,767 34,067 2,709 1 0 ,2 0 0 10,446 273 6,759
West North Central_. 8. 940 182,384 8,298 165,072 8,633 52,070 49,384 642 17,292
Minnesota............... 2.083 47,600 1,951 46,119 2,101 16,372 13,710 132 2,541
Iowa......................... 1,910 28,993 1,701 24.219 1,817 6,616 6,455 216 4,774
Missouri.................. 2,412 88,509 2,287 6 1 .3 0 2 2,184 18,230 19,601 145 6,117
N orth Dakota......... 232 3,585 215 3,217 235 1,082 873 17 308
South Dakota____ 271 4,644 201 4,368 270 1,210 1,116 10 286
Nebraska— ........... 972 18,659 912 10,380 960 5.303 4,915 60 2,273
Kansas__________ 1,064 12; 314 991 10,381 1,060 3,248 2,706 63 1,933
South Atlantic______ 6,759 177,466 6,376 109,527 6,108 50,591 50,033 383 17, 928
Delaw are________ 229 4,897 222 4, 548 201 1,455 1,040 7 49
Maryland................ 1,100 22,680 1,080 19,831 1,075 5, 776 6,137 80 2,840
Disfc, of Columbia.. 414 28.127 376 26,787 271 6,469 8 ,6 8 4 38 2,340
V irginia..,____ 1,234 22,883 1.183 20,957 1, 223 6,125 6,225 61 1,920
West Virginia_____ 049 9,588 618 8,675 047 3,437 2 ,8 6 8 31 1,013
North Carolina___ 849 25,319 801 20,840 818 7,030 6.189 48 4,470
South Carolina___ , 379 10,534 304 10,124 353 3,736 3,205 15 410
Georgia................. 898 24,774 8 58 21, 000 8 28 7,081 6,578 38 2,814
Merida.............. ...... 943 28,953 874 26,005 782 8,880 8,517 69 2,048
East South Central__ _ 3,068 53,843 2.037 47,621 3.107 17,666 18,715 131 6,222
K ontuoky.............. 1,427 10,953 1,302 15,391 1,480 5,307 4,443 35 1,602
Tennessee________ 829 22,005 794 21,149 831 7,069 6,039 35 856
Alabama_________ 448 12.049 398 8,436 415 3,217 2,503 50 8,613
Mississippi_____ _ 304 2,836 3 5 3 2,646 381 1,112 730 11 201
West South Central..., 8,276 83,843 9,060 76,578 3,106 27,440 22,287 225 7,287
Arkansas................. 326 5,050 308 4,750 330 2,301 1,292 18 800
Louisiana________ 537 17,086 503 15,096 478 4,724 4,320 34 1,390
Oklahoma________ m - 14,489 667 12,406 575 3,634 3,202 41 1, 993
Texas____________ 1,804 47,209 1,672 43, 034 1 ,7 2 2 16,731 13,413 132 3,575
Mountain..................... 2, 243 64,971 2,052 45,101 2, 192 18,846 14, 632 191 9,870
Montana................. 287 7,057 249 6, 578 260 2,001 2,000 38 1, 079
Idaho...................... 200 8,801 271 8,208 308 2,815 3,072 25 083
■ 97
4,381
Wyoming................ 287 3,180 282 3,083 305 873 873 5
Oolorado.................. m 13,713 503 9,382 512 2,703 3,059 61
New Mexico............ 114 3,060 9 7 3,050 1X0 717 778 17 010
Arisona.................... 204 6,373 188 4,327 197 1,443 1,602 1C 1, 046
U tah........................ 430 10,301 408 8,425 447 2,034 2,484 22 1,966
Nevada.—................ 61 2,100 54 2,048 53 600 768 7 58
Pacific____________ 8,848 198.406 6,933 180,166 6 ,2 0 8 45, 616 68,979 US LB, 253
Washington............. 1, 060 36,879 938 33,302 933 7,608 10,241 122 2,677
Oregon..................... 054 24.289 596 20,404 626 5,642 6.852 69 3,836
California................ 4,932 188,291 4,400 126,460 4,649 32,300 39,886 682 11,841
1Does not include compensation for proprietors and firm members of unincorporated businesses.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1935, Construction Industry,
Vol. I.

9 0 4 CONSTRUCTION AND' HOUSING
N o. 9 0 1 .— 0 onstruction I ndustry— Summary yor 46,429 E stablishm ents,
b y Class oy C ontractor, and by Sta tes: 1935
N ote.—This table covers only establishments that furnished detailed reports. See also headnote, table SOD
K I N D O F B U S I N E S S
G R O U P , D I V I S I O N ,
A N D S T A T E
Number
of
establishments
WOK
Value
(1,000
dollars)
K P E R F O R M E D
Percent performed—
Material
In In
Outside
home home
city State1
home
State
Active
proprietors
and
firm
members
Employees,
average
for
year
Pay
roll
(1,000
dollars)
l
Cost of
material
installed
(1,000
dollars)
P E R C I
T O T A L
F E R F C
3 N T O F
W O R K
5 R M E D
United States__ 46,428 1,380,835 57.5 27.4 15.1 44,631 379, 067 438,302 568,441 82.8 42.0
General contractors__
Building3...............
Highway. ............. .
Heavy construction.
Speoial trade contractors..........................
9,763
7,139
1,711
903
36,676
829.068
352,329
240,458
230,271
501, 777
44.7
66.1
21.9
30.1
78. 5
34.3
21.4
58.8
28.5
16.1
21.0
12.5
19.3
35.4
5.4
8,171
6,337.
1,290
644
36,360
256,971
105,302
87,005
64,603
122, 096
275,928
118,018
76, 250
81,000
160,874
345,608
102, 641
97, 587
85,375
213,838
S3. S
83.7
31.7
34.3
New England......... 4,360 92,104 88.0 28.9 9.1 4,044 25,853 82,319 SB, 324 36.1 41.6
Maine..................... 630 6,653 75.7 22.0 2.3 526 1,783 1,897 2,274 34.2 41.0
New Hampshire__ 218 4, 237 54.3 38.9 0.8 229 1,215 1,416 1,902 38.4 40.8
Vermont................. 141 1,327 74.9 21.9 3.2 103 447 436 M 0 32.9 41.1
Massachusetts........ 2,284 48,279 67.1 27.1 5.8 2,093 12, 516 16,731 20,300 34.7 42.1
Kbode Island.......... 100 0,388 5 0 .6 38.8 10.6 162 1, 867 2,294 2,794 35.9 43.7
Connecticut....__ 981 26,320 56.8 30.1 13.1 871 8,025 0,546 10,439 36.3 39.7
Middle Atlantic.......... 13,053 386,697 66,4 21.4 12.2 11,784 82,455 115,637 140, 299 34.3 41.7
New York............... 0,462 215, 569 68.0 18.9 12.5 5,291 611768 76,391 88,840 35.4 41.2
New Jersey............. 2/712 43,309 58.4 33.9 7.7 2,624 10,700 14,224 18.209 32.8 42.0
' Pennsylvania.......... 3,379 77,819 64.9 21.0 14.1 3,969 20,021 25,022 33,250 32.2 42.7
East North Centra!...... 9,843 274,832 57.9 25.7 16.4 9.351 76,862 98,820 112,300 84.1 40.9
Ohio..... ................... 2, 640 62,137 58.2 24.2 17.6 2,492 16,167 20,475 24, 563 33.0 30.5
Indiana................... 1, 402 24,968 50.8 [29.6 13.8 1,439 6,901 7,252 11,677 29.0 40.8
Illinois..................... 2,391 107,957 55.5 23.9 20.6 2,170 29,590 39,102 43,315 36.2 40.1
1,256 47,538 57.0 30.2 11.9 1,175 13,226 17,251 18.062 36.2 30.8
■Wisconsin............... 2,140 32,134 66.7 24.5 8.8 2,075 0,409 9,740 13,783 30.3 42.9
West North Central__ 5,157 152.660 40.6 27.7 31.7 5,280 49,167 46,253 63,865 SO. 8 41.8
Minnesota............. 1,4.92 41,938 43.5 27.1 29.4 1,597 16,658 12,668 16,370 30.2 30.0
881 21,752 38.9 32.9 28.2 932 6,058 6,977 10,049 27.6 40.2
1,530 58,365 40.4 18.8 40.8 1,419 17,430 18.739 24,104 32.1 41.5
North Dakota____ 104 2,017 43.6 43.7 12.8 118 946 739 1,084 28.2 41.4
South Dakota......... 157 3,875 40.8 43.2 16.0 159 1,117 1,019 1,709 26.3 44.1
r 495 15,066 30.8 39.7 29.6 518 4,981 4,612 6,461 30.0 42.9
K ansas.............. 498 6;050 48.6 44.3 7.1 537 2,977 2,499 3,092 27.6 44.1
4,154 147,636 50.6 25.5 16.0 3,846 47,199 46,909 67,566 31.8 45.8
160 4,328 68.8 28.0 3.2 123 1,306 1,598 1,716 36.9 39.6
Maryland________ 710 17,703 69.0 26.0 16.0 680 5,227 5,594 8,135 31.0 46.0
Disfc. of Columbia.. 305 24,740 88.5 11.6 202 6,107 8,339 11,151 33.7 45.1
073 18,114 57.4 30.9 11.7 663 5,376 5,539 8,983 30.6 49.6
West Virginia____ 338 7,525 36.2 46.8 17.0 355 3,169 2,607 2,757 34.6 36.6
400 18,924 61.0 29.3 9.7 493 6 ,4 4 6 5,707 9,255 30.2 48.9
South Carolina___ 270 9,774 42.6 31.3 26.1 258 3,593 3,101 4,733 31.7 48.4
533 20,711 40.6 31.6 27.8 492 7,278 6,244 8.954 30.1 43.2
Florida.................... 670 26,761 50.2 29.3 ll.fi 679 8,618 8,180 XI, 872 31.8 46.1
2,045 44,397 53.7 28.8 17,5 2,138 16,612 12,886 20,056 29.0 45.2
934 13.903 57.8 30.0 12.2 992 4,921 4,052 5,608 29.1 40.3
582 20,187 49.5 27.9 22.6 591 7,642 5,796 9,568 28.7 47.4
287 7,830 58.1 23.3 18.6 272 3,006 2,350 3,747 30.0 47.9
Mississippi;.......... 262 2,447 61.6 46.4 2.0 283 1,043 688 1,133 28.1 40.3
1,963 71,479 40.0 49.4 12.7 1,936 26,998 20,987 29,774 29.4 41.7
214 4,417 30.8 57.3 2.9 230 2,203 * 1,210 1,985 27.0 44.9
254 14,315 44.7 33.0 21.4 215 4,290 3.955 6,071 27.0 42.4
351 11,476 27.5 62,7 9.8 343 3,432 2,990 4,642 20.1 40.4
Texas___________ 1,134 41,271 43.3 45.1 11.6 1,147 16,073 12,823 17,076 31.1 41.4
1,478 41,697 36.5 42.1 21.4 1,691 IS, 117 13,702 16,655 32.9 37.6
160 6,951 41.0 66.4 2.0 160 1,871 1,853 2.292 31.1 38.5
163 7,742 15.3 25.1 59.0 101 2,709 2,946 2,188 38.1 28.3
236 2,837 43.0 38.6 18.4 253 820 809 1,145 28.5 40.4
367 8,704 43.3 42.9 13.8 371 2,615 2,804 3,058 33.2 35.1
07 2,867 27.7 60.0 12.3 81 678 729 1,279 25.5 44.8
121 3.560 41.3 58.4 . 3 m 1,287 1,321 1 ,0 1 5 37.1 45.4
TTtnh 322 8,115 45.7 28.9 25.4 358 2,654 2,422 3,469 20.8 42.7
Nevada___ ___ _ 42 1,901 31.9 67.3 .8 41 583 728 609 38.3 32.0
Pft«i fln 4,396 169,443 62.6 30.9 6.6 4,563 43,314 54, 289 71,612 32.0 42.8
631 31, 781 68.3 22.9 8.8 011 7,234 9, 807 14, 207 31.0 44.7
445 19,518 53.1 28.5 18.4 471 5,369 6, 030 7,307 34.0 87,4
Cali'fornia................ 3,319 118,144 62.0 33.4 4.0 3,481 30,711 37, 786 50,098 32.0 42.4
32.1
Payroll
41.7
46.2
40.6
30.1
* Outside home city. * Seo note 1, table 900. 3 Includes operative builders.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Businoss, 1935, Construction Industry,
Vol. I.
42.6

CONSTRUCTION 905
No. 9 0 2 .— C onstruction I ndustry— Value op W ork D o n e, by Class o n
C onstruction, and by Class o p C ontractor: 1935
N o t h .—All figures in thousands of dollars. Data relate to establishments included in table 001
K IN D or B U S IN E S S
G R O U P
Total
N E W
R E P A IR S
N E W
R E P A IR S
Total
Private Public Private Public Private Public Private Public
All construction
Building, total
United States....... 1,330,835 406,473 656, 548 327,776 12, 039 812,061 330,463 143,369 312,170 19,772
General contractors. 829,058 223,606 490,289 85,6G1 20, 502 339,658 166,313 91,068 73,175 8,202
Building'................ 352,329 167, .365 104,206 73,100 7,058 332,856 163,317 89, 604 72,396 7,449
Highwayand lieavy. 476,729 56,241. 386,083 12,561 21,844 6,802 % 996 1,974 1,079 753
Spedal trade oontraetors...........................
501,777 181,807 65, 259 242,114 12, 537 472,400 170,160 61, 691 238,90S 11,570
Residential building
Other building
United States___ 386, 327 161,850 8,817 220,084 8,696 425,737 181, 613 133,642 91,608 10,070
General contractors.. 111, 621 GG. 033 4,849 38.926 1, 213 228,037 99,680 86,819 34,649 6,989
Building i________ 110,35( 60,020 4,052 38,643 1,134 222,50C 97, 297 85,041 33,853 0,316
Highway and heavy. 1,271 013 19f 383 7fl 5,531 2,383 1,778 696 074
Special trade contractors_____________
274,706 85, 217 4,968 182,038 2,483 107,700 84,933 40,723 56,957 0,087
Highway
Heavy
United States....... 245,252 13,649 216,640 2,339 12,724 278,519 66,831 196,619 13,060 9,543
General contractors.__ 241,707 12,747 214,740 1,880 12,340 247,093 44,646 183,881 10,306 8,900
Building i................ 4,317 618 3,632 72 95 15, lfif 3.43C 10.98C 632 114
Highway and heavy. 237,800 12,129 211,208 1,808 12,245 232,537 41,116 173,901 9,674 8,846
Special trade oontraetors..........................
3 ,5 4 5 002 1,900 369 S84 25,820 10,816 11,668 2,700 583
1Includes operative builders.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1036, Construction Industry,
Vol. I.
No. 9 0 3 .— C o n s t r u c t i o n I n d u s t r y — S u m m a r y , b y S t a t e s : 1929 a n d 1935
N ote,—See headnote, table 899. Census statistics for 1920 and 1035 for all reporting construction
establishments are not comparable
ESTABLISHMENTS I
SIND OP BUSINESS
GROUP, DIVISION,
AND STATE
Number
of
establishments
Value
of
work
performed
in 1029
(1,000
dolls.)
United States.. 30, 697 4,791,773
General contractors..................
15, 516 2,970,873
Special trade contractors............
15,081 1,817,900
New England___ 2,780 370,102
Maine.............. 142 11, 603
N. Hampshire. US 9,136
Vermont.......... 61 6,012
Massachusetts 1,434 229,778
Rhode Island.. 22C 25,200
Connecticut... 304 88,784
Middle Atlantic.. 8,616 1,608,973
Now York....... 4,372 038,100
New Jersoy__ 1,483 235,061
Pennsylvania - 2,691 436,812
E. N. Central___ 7,934
Ohio................. 2,043 1,224,664
310, 619
Indiana........... 746 80,760
Illinois______ 2,407 454, 624
Michigan........ 1,601 252,993
2 6 7 7 0 0 °— 41--------5 9
DIVISION AND
state
N um ­
ber of
establishments
Value
of
work
performed
in 1929
(1,000
dolls.)
E. N. Gen.—Don.
Wisconsin........ 1,147 110,80S
W. N. C entral.... 3,190 867, 644
Minnesota__ _ 561 88, 111
Iowa................. 48(3 68,600
Missouri.......... 769 120,296
N. Dakota___ 81 7,428
8. D akota____ 70 7,691
Nebraska____ 243 40,314
Kansas______ 290 35,144
South Atlantic__ 2,184 336,233
Delaware......... 91 14,789
Maryland____ 407 82, 030
Dist. of Col___ 253 39.846
Virginia........... 337 41,682
W. V irginia... 166 20,063
N. C arolina... 293 17,800
S. Carolina___ 110 14,833
Georgia______ 230 16,490
Florida............. 288 30,715
E. S. Central____ 933 137,100
Kentucky____ 330 34,321
d i v i s i o n a n d
STATE
E.S.Central-Con
Tennessee........
Alabama_____
M ississippi..—
W. 9. Central...
A rkansas...
Louisiana...
Oklahoma..
Texas..........
Mountain.—
M o ntana...
Idaho..........
W yom ing.........
Colorado_____
New Mexico...
Arizona___
U tah............
N e v a d a ....
Pacific_________
W ashington...
Oregon____
California. _
Value
Number
of work
of
estab­
performelishments
in 1929
(1,000
dolls.)
314
197
95
I,-
118
178
812
1,001
709
119
44
40
211
41
105
129
20
6,400
404
249
2,756
53, 0 0 6
38, 841
10, 873
258, 350
14, 657
28, 599
49, 212
164, 482
74, 203
10, 208
0, 208
2,765
23, 040
5, 744
10,323
12,899
2,956
417,009
55,203
26,315
335,431

9 0 6 CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING
N o . 903.— C o n s t r u c t io n I n d u s t r y — S u m m a r y , b y S t a t e s : 1929 a n d 1935—
Continued
ESTABLISHMENTS REPORTING BUSINESS OF $25,000 OR MORE IN 1029 AND REPORT­
ING FOR BOTH 1029 AND 1035
K I N D O F B U S IN E S S
G R O U P , D IV IS IO N ,
A N D S T A T E
Number
of
establishments
W O R K P E R F O R M E D A C T IV E P R O ­
1929
Value
(1,000
dollars)
1935,
value
(1,000
dollars)
Percent
of
total
for
19291
P R I E T O R S
A N D F I R M
M E M B E R S
E M P L O Y E E S ,
A V E R A G E F O R
Y E A R
P A Y R O L L 3
( 1 , 0 0 0 D O L ­
L A R S )
1929 1935 1929 1935 1929 1935
c o a l' OF
MATERIAL
INSTALLED
(1,000
DOLLARS)
1929 1935
United States... 8,899 1,877,437 39.2 742,455 7,698 6,434 375,153 219,018 722, 567 258,619 780,998 814,387
General contractors...................
3, 853 1,185,641 39.8 515,128 3,124 2, 549 259,958 162,120 468, 954 170,278 455,903 212,159
Special trade eontractors............
5,248 691,796 38.1 227,327 4,574 3,885 115,195 56,898 253, 613 82,241 325,096 102, 228
New England...... 870 141,768 38.3 52,370 725 591 31,870 15,359 82, 111 20,090
Maine.............. 69 4,92E 42.5 1,975 59 51 1, 355 705 2, 215 841
N. Hampshire. 33 3,863 42.3 1,999 32 33 1,015 672 1, 013 745
Vermont.......... 16 1,291 23. C 429 19 19 330 144 461 145
Massachusetts. 450 78,073 34.0 26,660 306 294 10, 635 7,015 34,128 10,000
Rhode Island.. 63 9,601 88.6 4,362 42 35 2, 261 1,337 4,277 1, 652
Connecticut__ 246 44,001 49.6 16,945 207 159 10,274 5,486 19,417 6^707
55,121
1,849
1,715
581
31,168
3, 582
16,226
21,616
749
963
194
11,297
1,976
6,437
70,742
45, 534
8,430
16,778
87,846
14, 522
7, 517
25,262
12,249
8,297
38,288
10,188
7,050
13,872
Middle Atlantic. _ 2,358 538,202 33.5 169,022 1,773 1,478 101, 918 43, 619 227, 723 62,782 204,411
New York....... 1,262 350,173 37.3 110,123 746 598 63,778 26,949 153, 296 41, 646 125,151
New Jersey___ 368 62,485 26.6 20,092 247 214 10,821 5,455 24,385 7,556 27.257
Pennsylvania.. 74S 125, 544 28.8 38,807 78C 666 27,319 11,115 50,042 13' 680 52,003
E. N. Central___ 2,186 465,846 38.0 185,281 1,783 1,495 85,248 40,102 179.333 58,794 200,000
Ohio................. 646 114,774 37.0 37,821 39( 304 22, 011 9,745 41,968 12,903 52, 654
Indiana............ 233 39,236 45,2 15,682 223 176 8,058 4,683 13,992 4,921 19,912
Illinois............. GSC 172,815 38. C 01,277 573 466 29,917 16,747 70, 616 22, 224 65,407
Michigan____ 312 88,007 84.8 31,863 266 227 15,283 9,219 34; 429 12,393 38,770
Wisconsin........ 394 51,014 42.6 18,638 325 262 9,979 5,808 18j 328 Gj 353 23.257
W. N. Central 942 169,177 46.0 90,091 868 741 36, 811 29,840 60,477 27,808 72, 517
Minnesota___ 236 50, 633 57.5 26,308 226 199 11,440 10,810 18i 806 8j 194 18, 643
Iow a............... 170 29,289 42.7 14,625 187 148 5, 521 4,069 9,023 4, 163 14,839
Missouri.......... 321 54,871 45.6 32,929 221 190 11,975 9,483 2li 784 in' 587 22,763
North Dakota.. 29 3,704 49. s 1,348 32 32 771 516 1, 121 400
South Dakota.. 1C 2, 032
1,897
34.7 1, 593 12 S 630 416 ‘ 783 388 1,069
Nebraska......... 96 17,179 42.6 9,192 10C 90 3,980 3,148 5,323 2,833
Kansas............. 76
8, 275
10,869
4,102
30.9 4,03 C 9C 74 2,404 1,380 3,638 1,247 5,031
South Atlantic___ 772 184,492 39.8
1,786
73,707 70S 544 35, 583 26,176 48, 840 24|460 60,141
Delaware......... 48 6,371 43.1
84,181
2,729 41 31 1,366 910 2, 312 1,075 2,864
Maryland...... 106 24, 608
1,068
30.0 9,101 90 68 5,741 3,003 0; 191 3' 355
Dist.ofCol
10,071
87 16,445
4,152
41.3 10,826 05 46 4,081 3.111 6i 789 4, 102
Virginia............ 142
0,965
20,207 48.6
4,808
9,259 108 118 4,005 2,794 7,786 a| n.69
West Virginia.. 62 7,800
9,049
38.9
4, 530
4,089 71 63 2,109 1,982 3j 074 1,602 2, 694
N. Carolina___ 91 12,478 26.1 10, 378
1, 748
88 09 3,487 3,832 4,311 3,272
S , Carolina___ 55 10,709
6.363
72.2 5,342
5,330
47 39 3,263 1,872 3,319 1, 597 5,311
Georgia............ 89 23,424 50.4
2,663
10,741 82 67 7,559 3, 698 7, 582 2,940
Florida............. 92 12,381 40.3
11,778 4, 641
10,642 51 43 3,072 3,974 4,470 a 465
E. S. Central 80S
5,046
46,282
5,241
83.8 22, 595 318 284 11,010 8, 571 16j 286 fij 814
Kontucky........ 110 13,334 38.9
20,287
6,776
10,743
115 106 3,154 2, 638 4', 823 9, 1 3 0
Tennessee........ 127 23,434 44.2
5,209 3,219
11,637 126 108 5,350 4,052 7,201 3, 987
Alabama 50 7,034
10,813
18.1
5,557
3,457 49 43 1,848 1, 514 2,403 1, 099 3,130
Mississippi___ 21 2,480 22.8 725
1, 618
28 27 658 307 ‘ 799 9 0 0
W. S. Central___ 369 74,325
1,129
28.9
349
33,465 360 309 18,600 12,203 25,074 9 80S
Arkansas 28
88,849
3,208 22.0
15,078
1,645 29 30 680 649 ‘ 793 ' 4 0 0
Louisiana____ 63
1,789
12,878 4 5 . 0 5,957
789
42 33 2,888 1, 711 3,868
Oklahoma 67 12, 639 25.7
5.364
6,303
2,825
69 54 3,207 1,617 4,248 1,472
Texas............... 221 45, GQC 27.7
5,713 2, 609
19,50C 22C 192 11,825 8,226 16,165 fl 0 8 4
Mountain 224 29,110 39.2
20, 983
23,192
8,850
245 207 5, 996 8,058 864 8 409
Montana.......... 40 4,677
10,218
45.8 2,410
8, 587
46 40 825 891 1,363
Idaho............... 14 3,309 62.8
2,080 1,071
6,320 17 171 836 2,333 1,194 9 , 0 1 3
Wyoming......... 18 1,385 60.1 1,206
1,694
23 18 271 423 ‘ 548
Colorado......... 63 6,890 29.9 6,928
618
58 52 1, 521 1,895 2, 522
New Mexico__ 10 2,035 45.9
2,713 2,092
533 11 8 463 1.53 ' 702
Arizona.......... 19 1,751 17.0
917
936
243
21 18 411 264 558 309
Utah............ 55 6,409 50.2
903
4,929
479
62 52 1,298 1,819 2,343 1,031
N evada.......... 5 1,994
2,236
67.5
2,015
924 7 2
Pacifln
371 280 ’ 574
858 164, 016 86.9
367
72,227
325
913 775 30,013 20,480 53, 653 2 4 0 4 2
Washington__ 129
66,180
22,678 41.0
80,673
10,970 119 93 4,503 3,Q28
Oregon.............
646
61 10,305 39.2
9,776 4,450
7,321 57 57 2,411 2,307 3 . 7 0 S
California......... 6 6 8 121,033 36.1
4,188
53,936 737 626
2,908
23, 099 15,095 41, 239
Consolidated re-
18,684 52,216 23,316
ports 3 3 3 124, 229 40, 505 1 0 1 0 18,104 0,700 40, 206 14, 922 58,279 16,691
1 For 1929 total, see first section of this table, p. 905. 2See note 1, table 900
3 Figures ore from single reports for organizations with establishments in 2 or more States.
diMtryCV oP lIirtment °f Commerce’ Bureau of the Census; Census of Business, 1935, Construction In-

URBAN HOUSING--- CONSTRUCTION COST® 9 0 7
No. 9 0 4 . — R e s id e n t ia l S t r u c t u r e s — S u m m a r y f o r 6 4 C i t i e s : 1934
N o t e ,—The cities included in the real-property inventory were selected from every State in the Union
as a representative sample of urban housing in the United States. The cities chosen vary in size from
a population of 11,000 to more than 1,000,000. The total population of the areas oanvassed constituted
about one*seventh of the total urban population of the United States. The survey covered all buildings
with residential units except hotels, clubs, rooming houses, and summer cottages. Data for the
individual cities included in this summary are shown in table 815 of the 1035 issue of the Statistical
Abstract
ITEM Number
Percent
Persons i n r e n -
toried________ 9.074,783 100.0
Families________ 8,613,107 100.0
Structures by type 1,931,055 100.0
Single-family__ 1,530,800 79.6
2-family............ 250,870 13.0
3-famfly______ 26,484 1.4
4-family______ 21,609 1.1
Row house____ 7,051 ;4
Apartment....... 22,053 1.1
Other________ 60,372 3.4
Condition of struoture:
Good________ 720,245 37.fi
Minor repairs. ~ 867,326 44.4
Major repairs__ 301,740 15.6
Unfit for u se___ 43,901 2.3
Not reported__ 1,843 .1
ITEM Number
Percent
ITEM Number
cent
Per
Dwelling units by Owner-occupied.. 1,035,927 39.3
2,633,136 100.0 3flOf 637 37.7
Single-family__ 1,536,806 68.4 Mortgaged____ 498; 382 48.1
2-family______ 501,340 19.0 N ot reported... 147,008 14.2
79,302 3.0 1,597, 208 60.7
86,676 3.3 ' 540] 859. 33.9
Row house____ 34,218 1,3 $15 to $30........... 697] 696 43.7
Apartment___ 246,94Q 0.4 $30 and over___ 358,061 22.5
Other________ 147,847 5.6 Dwelling units
Occupied_____ 2,428,007 92.2 equipped with
Very spacious 703,636 29,0 Furnace or
655,106 27.0 1,141,142 43.3
Adequate___ 65i; 840 26.8 Mechanical re-
Crowded. 379,434 16.6 frigeration___ 447,136 17.0
Over-crowded 29,283 1.2 Gas for cooking. 1,828,463 69.4
Greatly oyer-
Electricity for
crowded___ 6, 12C .3 lighting-------- 2,386,880 90.6
Not reported. 3,489 Tub and/or
Vacant____— 204,225 7.8 shower........... 2,627,849 99.8
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce; Real Property In ­
ventory, 1934.
No. 905.— B u il d in g -M a t e r ia l P r ic e s a n d C o n s t r u c t io n C o st s— I n d e x e s :
1914 to 1939
[Monthly average, 1923-1925=100]
Y E A R
WHOLESALE PEICE INDEXES 1
Brielc
and
tile1
All
building
materials
Lumber
Portland
cement8
Structural
steel1
Paint
and
paint
materials
»
Other
building
materials
Construction
costs8
Factory
building
costs
1914....................................................................... 50.6 48.0 37.9 62.2 62.0 4 9.0 57,8 41.8 5 0.4
1915....................................................................... 51.3 40.9 38. 2 48.4 67.6 53. 0 63.0 43.7
1016....................................................................... 64.9 53.0 41.4 62.0 118.7 7 4.6 85.0 61.1 ___ _
1017....................................................................... 84.6 69.6 49.0 70.2 108. 3 92. 2 110.4 85.4
1 9 1 8 ..................................................................... 94. 6 ,8 0 .4 65.1 89.8 135.1 117.9 117.1 8 9 .2
1019....................................................................... 110.9 108.8 89.7 97.1 113. 5 135.7 113.1 93.5
1920....................................................................... 144.0 159.0 116. 6 111.2 127. 8 143. 2 130.7 118.6
1921....................................................................... 93.5 85.6 103.2 105.1 02.1 81.1 107.6 95.1 8 0 .2
1922....................................................................... 0 3.4 05.4 97.1 98.2 78.0 9 0 .7 9 2.3 82.3 8 7 .4
1923....................................................................... 104.3 107.6 101.2 102.4 109.1 9 8 .0 102.1 100.9 102.1
1024....................................................................... 9 8 .2 95.0 101,0 100.3 100.7 90.4 100.7 101.6 9 9,7
1926................................ ...................................... 9 7.6 96.8 97.8 97.3 90.1 105.7 9 7 .2 9 7.5 9 8 .2
1926....................................................................... 05.0 06.2 97.7 94,9 88.2 00.7 9 0.8 98.1 9 9 .2
1027...................................................................... 9 0.9 89.6 03.5 90.6 83.6 9 3,1 92.4 97.3 0 6 .7
1928....................................................................... 90.3 87.1 93.4 87.8 84.0 9 0 ,0 0 3.6 9 7.5 9 6 .2
1029....................................................................... 9 1.6 00,3 92.1 8 4.4 86.5 9 1 .8 9 4.6 9 7.6 7 9 5 .7
1030....................................................................... 80.3 82.6 8 7.7 8 5.2 77.0 8 7 .5 9 0.3 9 5.7 89 3 .7
1981....................................................................... 7 6 .0 ' 06.0 81.6 71.0 73.3 7 6.8 8 2.1 8 5.5 » 8 8 .6
1932....................................................................... 68.5 56.3 75.5 7 0 .5 - 71.3 08.8 7 7.0 7 4.0 88 4 .0
1983....................................................................... 73.9 68.0 77.3 83.6 73.3 7 0.9 8 0.1 8 0 .2 88 5 .6
1934....................................................................... 8 2 .7 81.3 88.1 88.3 80.1 7 6.9 8 7 .4 9 3 .4 • 8 8 .8
1 0 3 6 ................................................................. 8 1 .9 78.1 87.3 88.0 81.1 7 7 .2 8 7 .2 92. 8 88 8.9
1936...................................................................... 8 3 .2 81.3 86.6 87.6 83.8 7 7.6 8 7 .3 9 7.3 > 02.8
1037..........................- .......................................... 9 1.4 05.3 01.3 8 4.4 99.8 8 0 .7 9 5.9 110.7 8 100,4
1038................... ................................................... 8 6.7 87.0 88.9 85.7 97.9 7 8 .6 8 9.7 111.2 > 9 0 .2
1030...................................................................... 8 6.9 89.9 89.3 86.6 94.6 8 0 .1 8 7.4 111.0 89 5 .4
i Beginningll92G tho indexes, except for Portland cement and structural steel, have been revised to inolude
additional items not previously included; the “ All building materials” index also inoludes plumbing and
heating equipment (not shown separately in this table) for which data aro not available prior to 1926.
*Excludes tile prior to 1020.
8 Composite price. Based on plant prices for years prior to 1920, and on delivered prices for subsequent
years. 1 Pittsburgh district. 6 Excludes paint prior to 1020.
fr Based upon the cost of lumber, steel, cement, and the rates paid common labor.
7 Average of January, February, May, September, and December,
s Average of March, June, September, and December.
Sources: Wholesale prices, Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; December 1939 Issue of
Wholesale Prices. Construction costs, Engineering News-Record. Standard factory building costs,
Aberthaw Construction Co.

9 0 8 CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING
N o. 9 0 6 .— U rban H ousing, F inancial Survey— U nits S u r v e y e d, V alue of
NOTE.—The Financial Survey of Urban Housing is a study of financial and related economic data for a
Statistical Abstract and table 815 of tbe 1935 issue) and of family income and other factors relating to the
acquisition, age, cost, value, and typoof dwellings, rents, mortgages, family income, and families and persons
c ity a n d g e o g r a p h ic a r e a
OCCUPIED DWELLING UNITS
SURVEYED
Tenant-occupied
units
Number
i
Owneroccupied
units
Percent
Number1
of
total*
Percent
of
total a
AVERAGE
VALUE
1 -FAMILY
DWELLINGS,
JAN. 1, 1034 3
Owneroccupiod
Bonted4
AVERAGE AN­
NUAL RENTAL
PER DWELLING
UNIT, RENTED
PROPERTIES,
1033 3
PERCENT OF
PROPERTIES
MORT­
GAGED 3
Total,
all
dwellings
1-fam-
Uy
dwellings
Owner-
Dentedoccupiod
l Total 52 cities____ 157, 738 12.1 128, 521 15.1 84,447 $3,142 $283 $248 58.3 42.8
2 Hew England............ 12, 600 7.7 0,766J 7.4 6,214 4, 832 294 348 68.6 53. 8
3 Portland, Maine............. 2,757 24.1 1, 448 24.5 6, 051 4,445 328 303 46. 7 41.3
4 Worcester, Mass............. 2,818 9 .« 1,423 9.3 0, 042 6,133 305 428 83.6 69.3
5 Providence, B. I.*........... 5,892 5.4 3,290 6.3 6,908 4,706 287 329 03.2 50.2
6 Watcrbury, Conn_____ 1,133 7.7 595 7.5 8,001 293 457 81.1
7 Middle Atlantic......__ 7,311 10.7 7,394 13.2 5,223 4,457 290 827 08.9 55.9
8 Binghamton, N. Y......... 774 7.0 590 7.5 6,163 330 445 45.3
9 Syracuse, N. Y............... 1, 526 5.0 1,314 5.9 5,901 5, 436 290 354 76.9 07.1
10 Trenton, N, J................. 2,083 15.7 2,365 17.5 4,200 3,135 273 205 08.8 39. S
11 Eric, Pa.......................... 2,928 21.4 3,125 25.2 4,676 3,786 204 289 49.7 30.5
12 East North Central__ 36, 871 12.5 32,406 16.5 5,660 4, 306 297 307 65.3 51.2
13 Cleveland, Ohio ®............ 27,485 14.0 22,036, 17.9 6, 249 5, 404 311 363 67.0 53.2
14 Indianapolis, Ind............ 3,183 5.2 2,780 7.5 4,890 3,126 300 277 63.8 51.2
15 Peoria, III....................... 2,330 18.4 2,740 22.2 4,405 3,087 283 258 54.0 40.3
1C Lansing, Mich............... 977 9.2 1,149 12.3 3,813 2,970 204 200 57.4 36.5
17 Kenosha, WJs............... 1,002 17.0 1,145 19.4 5,069 4,909 226 251 65.3 48.2
18 Racino, Wis__................. 1,894 23.3 2,556 29.8 4,961 4, 342 219 230 67.1 53.5
19 West North Central— 24, 890 13.3 24, 767 16.7 3, 602 2,713 282 266 51.5 39,4
20 Minneapolis. Minn......... 9,284 13.9 7,5191 14.4 4, 204 3, 375 318 338 55.9 46.3
21 St. Paul, Minn............... 1,830 5.3 1,899 5.7 3,766 3,285 290 316 48.0 41.4
22 Dos Moines, Iowa_____ 3,118 14.8 3,422 18.7 3,157 2,486 285 262 49.5 35.4
23 St. Josoph, M o.............. 1,282 12.0 1,262 16.2 3, 290 2, 483 235 223 42.9 24.7
24 Springfield, Mo.............. 1,197 14.9 1,594 21.5 2,051 1,940 183 173 50.1 25.4
25 Forgo, N. Dak............... 909 21.3 845 30.9 4,811 337
26 Sioux Falls, S. Dak......... 1, 525 30.5 1, 224 31.0 4,101 3,291 299 288 53.4 40.8
27 Lincoln, Nobr................. 1,295 12.0 1,715 16.1 3,548 2, 524 268 257 48.2 36.5
28 Topeka, Kans................. 2,078 28.0 2,518 27.5 3,186 2,258 243 224 44.0 26.2
29 ■Wichita, Kans................ 2,378 14.1 2, 759 20.9 2,722 2,066 200 188 53.5 38.8
30 South Atlantic........... 20,729 14.2 12,987 15.2 4,323 3,128 218 214 50, 6 84^5
31 Hagerstown, Md............. 1,275 25.3 740 27.5 4,601 2, 535 232 242 49.6 26.2
32 Richmond, Va................ 4,176 15. (1 2,285 16.4 5,218 3, 640 283 274 49.7 34.2
33 Wheeling, W. Va.5.......... 2,219 8.7 2,350 12.2 3,768 3, 519 227 234 35.3 21.9
34 Asheville, N.O.............. 1,644 21.6 898 25.4 3,807 3, 234 169 173 46.9 14. 5
35 Greensboro, N. O.......... 1, 225 15.2 669 10.0 5, 226 3, 382 200 184 56.8 29.3
36 Charleston, S. 0 ............. 2, 537 19.1 647 19.5 5,023 2,723 177 198 32.9 23.6
37 Columbia, S. C............... 1,583 18.9 598 18.8 4, 779 2,907 187 189 58.4 33.7
3B Atlanta, Qa.‘.................. 9, 543 13.9 4,274 15. y 4,339 2,793 223 233 58.3 40.7
39 Jacksonville, Fla............ 2,527 10.4 620 6.9 3,499 172
40 East South Central__ 0,199 10. 5 5.218 15.4 3,213 2, 566 166 153 52.4 22. 6
41 Paducah, Ky__.............. 1,313 23.9 782 25.8 2,106 1,188 145 130 30.7 7.1
42 Birmingham, Ala.*.......... 7,178 9.6 3,989 14.7 3,198 2,703 151 148 52.4 22. 9
43 Jackson, Miss.............. 708 9.3 447 12.5 4,462 232
44 West South Central.._ 13,083 13.1 10.516 18.0 3,643 2,468 248 234 53.4 3L 4
45 Little Boclr, Art............. 2,615 23.0 1,995 27.9 3, 230 1, 794 192 183 43.8 23.9
46 Baton Bouge, La...........- 865 18.0 381 15.9 3,806 9,27
47 Oklahoma City, Okla__ 3,097 13.9 2,944 18.4 3i 833 2, 580 25 i 235 61.7 43.1
48 Austin, Tor.................... 1,018 13.0 1,082 17.6 3,732 2,529 260 244 39.2 30. 6
49 Dallas, Tor..................... 3,831 9 .0 3,220 13.9 3,695 2,796 277 270 53.3 39, 6
50 ■Wichita Falls, Ter........ _ 1,057 16.5 894 20.0 2,933 1,970 153 149 41.4 21.2
51 Mountain_________ 10,060 22.8 9,639 27.2 2,056 2,465 249 223 49.3 39. 1
52 Butto, Mont................... 2,010 40.7 1,989 48.7 2,355 1,719 248 220 24. 2 15.1
53 Boise, Idaho............. ...... 1,114 34.3 1,318 45.3 3,147
54 Casper, Wyo................... 698 24.1 708 35.0 2,594
55 Puoblo, Colo................... 917 16.7 1,039 17.8 1,830 1,503 187 171 4o! 9 22.5
56 Phoenix. Ariz................. 1,007 18.0 998 24.4 4,143 3,308 243 245 65. 6 43 rt
57 Salt Lake City, Utah___ 3,654 20.3 3,587 21.7 3,224 2, 677 260 232 54.0 42.9
58 Paoific___________ 16,989 9.8 18.848 18.5 3,231 2, 727 251 240 50. 5
59 Seattle, Wash.®...............
37.1
5,992 8.0 6,705 11.1 3,043 2, 587 255 233 49.2 36.4
60 Portland, Oreg................ 4,023 9.0 5,005 11.7 3,104 2, 655 204 198
61 Sacramento, Calif...........
51.0 33,8
2,168 15.4 2,343 21.7 3,995 3, 265 319 326 54 5 45 n
_________________________ 62 San Diego, Calif.®........... 4, 806 12.4 4,735 19.1 *>' 3,568 --* U| 2,872 "W 276 Piu 275 50.0 38.3 UU. U oo, o
1 Sample surveyed in the 52 cities shown in this table. In 9 other cities included in the study the field
enumeration was only partly completed, and only simplified tabulations of the data were made,
s Financial Survey reports as percentage of reports by Real Property Inventory. See also headnote.

•URBAN H OUSING 909
1-Family Dwellings, Rents, M ortgages, and F amily I ncome, for 52 Cities
s a m p le o f th e sa m e p ro p e rtie s e o v o ro d b y t h e R e a l P r o p e r ty I n v e n to r y (seo t a b l e 904 o f th is is s u e o f th e
o c c u p a n ts . T h is ta b le p re se n ts s e le c te d s ta tis tic s fro m th o F in a n c ia l S u r v e y . A d d itio n a l d a ta r e la tin g to
o c c u p y in g th o d w ellin g s, a re p u b lis h e d fo r 22 c itie s i n t h e r e p o r t, “ F in a n c ia l S u r v e y o f U r b a n H o u s in g ”
AVERAGE RATIO
OF MORTGAGE
DEBT TO VALUE
OF PROPERTY 8
(PERCENT)
INTEREST RATES 8 (PERCENT) AVERAGE ANNUAL FAMILY INCOME 3 AVER­
AGE
RATIO
C o n tr a c t ra te
(w e ig h te d )
E f f e c tiv e r a t e
(w e ig h te d )
O w n e r o c c u p a n ts ’ T e n a n ts
RENT
TO IN ­
COME 8
O w noroccup
ied
R en ted *
O w n -
or-oec
u p le d
R e n t­
ed
O w n -
e r-o c -
o u p ie d
R e n t ­
e d
1929 1032 1933 1920 1932 1933 1033
56.6 60.4 0.18 8.26 0. 54 6. 70 $2,804 $1, 054 $1,466 $1,589 $1,183 $1, 082 24.2
64.6 60.8 5. 93 5.88 0 .17 6 .20 2,606 1, 809 1,710 1,659 1, 260 1,171 25.2 2
BO. 5 53.4 6.00 0.04 0 .1 0 6 .11 2,773 2,188 1,842 1,744 1,415 1,290 2 5.4 3
87.1 69.3 6.04 5.47 5 .7 1 5 .70 2,784 2,080 1,007 1,686 1, 300 1,221 24.0 4
49,4 58.7 6.06 6.00 6 ,4 6 0 .4 0 2,339 1,733 1,006 1,630 1, 239 1,124 2 5.5 5
00.0 6.90 5.93 5 .8 4 6 .0 0 3,030 2,233 2,073 1,742 1,286 1,223 2 4.0 6
55.9 82.8 6.06 6.72 6.91 6.03 2,212 1, 670 I, 394 1,671 1,100 1,071 27.6 7
46.9 5.80 6.35 a. i s 0 .18 2,421 2,051 2,019 1,094 1,439 1,108 2 3.4 8
57.0 62.7 6.40 5.54 5. 69 5 .8 3 2.450 1,714 1,607 1,665 1, 231 1,082 2 7 .3 9
68.4 59.7 6.92 6.77 a. 0 3 6 .2 9 1,017 1,377 1,174 1,317 1,010 002 3 0 .3 10
67.7 64.5 6.94 5.95 6. 36 0 .4 8 1,943 1, 281 1,080 1,649 1,050 024 2 8 .6 11
50.8 64.2 6.18 0.16 6 .4 5 0.40 2,478 1.688 L 430 1,774 1,263 1,149 2 6.9 12
67.2 07.7 0.14 0.00 6 .4 2 0 .3 5 2,463 1,660 1,391 1,757 1,240 1,138 2 7 .2 13
66.2 57.0 6.34 6.34 6. 52 0 .7 0 2,899 2,078 1,821 1,890 1,422 1,289 2 3.1 14
60.4 62.6 6. 60 6,30 0 .88 0 .7 6 2,203 1,614 1,454 1,601 1,220 1,131 2 4 .9 15
59.5 57.0 0.20 6.36 0 ,4 1 6 .7 5 2,146 1,337 1,204 1,632 1,010 900 2 1 .0 16
63.8 68.4 6.09 6.24 6 .3 8 6 .6 0 1,855 1,067 069 1,378 831 803 28.1 17
58.9 69.8 6.96 5.08 0 .3 4 6 .4 7 1,039 1,052 918 1,589 013 837 2 0.3 18
52.0 56.5 0 .0 9 Q. OS 6. 54 0 .7 2 2,178 1.650 1,449 1,611 1.248 1,141 2 4.6 19
52.4 68.7 5.62 6.91 C. 31 0 .6 8 2,304 1,742 1,530 1,730 1,349 1,220 2 0 .0 20
50.0 63.7 6,93 5.04 6 ,4 6 0 .5 0 2,060 1,633 1,469 1,454 1,139 1,050 2 7.6 21
53,2 52.2 5.01 a. is 6 .4 8 0 ,64 2,138 1,053 1,455 1,660 1,307 1,174 2 4.2 TO
52.5 64.5 6.21 0.12 0 .8 0 0 .09 2,190 1,727 1,473 1,555 1,201 1,170 19,9 23
52,9 48.2 7.04 7.00 7 .51 7 .6 8 1,753 1,288 1,102 1,305 1,003 809 2 0 .2 24
50.4 0.38 6.64 6 .4 0 6 .0 2 2,300 1,932 1,082 1,679 1,420 1,304 2 5.8 25
4 6.6 48.8 6.12 0.01 0 .6 7 0 .71 2,283 1,748 1, 546 1,035 1,309 1,220 24.3 26
63.0 63.3 6.22 6.14 Q. 62 6 .6 6 2,204 1,630 1,404 1,591 1,251 1,153 2 3.2 27
50.4 52.0 7.03 6.86 7 .5 1 6 .9 9 1,981 1,512 1,373 1,402 1,172 1,070 22.6 23
66.8 57.4 6.48 6.34 7 .1 1 7 .2 3 2,112 1,471 1,271 1,652 1,149 1,035 10.3 29
66.6 66.5 8.25 6.32 0 .91 7 .25 2.270 1.730 1,690 1,288 1,028 958 28. S 30
60.9 67.4 6.87 5.75 fi. 12 5 .64 2.061 1,435 1, 315 1,312 1,029 020 2 5.2 31
69.4 62.6 6.97 6.00 0 .7 2 0 .83 2,715 2,154 1,999 1.508 1,852 1,285 2 2 .2 32
49.4 61,1 6.93 6.05 6 .3 9 6 .1 6 1, 694 1,121 1,073 1,379 982 925 2 4.4 33
66.3 79.7 5.05 5.83 0 .3 9 6 .3 5 2,120 1,544 1,393 1,155 900 821 2 0.6 34
61.9 61.2 5.07 5.98 6 .3 5 7 .7 6 2,915 2,208 2,000 1, 462 1,226 1, 217 16.8 35
50.3 61.0 8.71 6.42 7 .1 2 6 .8 7 2,454 2,000 1,927 880 745 734 24.0 36
57.4 02.0 0.87 0.94 7 .3 9 0 .7 2 2, 315 1,829 1,737 1,015 879 832 22.8 37
57.3 70.0 0.40 6.35 7 .2 5 7 .6 0 2,701 2,088 1,906 1,377 1,124 070 22.7 38
52.2 fl. 78 6.80 7 .3 6 7 .1 4 1,693 1,291 1,224 873 080 620 2 7.5 39
69.4 61.1 8. 68 6.36 7 .0 0 7 .17 2.275 1,425 1,876 1,349 889 778 20.3 40
58.7 48.2 6.93 6.10 7 .2 9 6 .7 0 1, 667 1,231 1,134 1,010 731 680 21.5 41
61.1 52.0 0. 63 0.37 7 .10 7 .10 2,207 1,390 1,211 1,385 880 709 1 0.0 42
50.4 6.52 0.60 0 .9 3 7 .1 1 2, 703 1,891 1,707 1, 250 905 890 2 5.4 43
66.4 68.7 6.99 7.07 7 .4 6 7 .6 0 2.500 1,809 1,647 1,041 1,244 1,128 2 1 .8 44
62.9 62.2 6.20 0.32 6 .8 8 7 .3 4 2,591 1,763 1,502 1,145 1,003 940 2 0.3 45
4 5.0 7.17 6.78 7 .6 5 7 .0 1 2,163 1,707 1,632 1,371 1,118 1,009 2 2.5 46
58.2 55.5 a. 8 2 7.02 7 .3 8 6 .9 8 2,580 1,701 1,617 1,627 1,172 1,090 2 2.9 47
4 0.4 50.9 7.41 7.59 7 .5 2 9 .1 6 2,070 1,710 1,534 1,450 1,282 1,168 2 2.0 48
5 3.5 60.7 7.22 7.21 7 .0 3 7 .7 0 2, 604 1,883 1,712 1,751 1,350 1,233 2 2 .4 49
66.3 72.4 7.22 7.12 7 .4 8 8 .0 2 2,700 1,832 1,050 1,612 1,114 1,048 1 4,7 50
66.7 67.6 7.02 7.08 6 .6 0 7 .3 6 2,140 1,463 1.341 1,595 1,135 1.027 2 3.3 51
41.3 52.2 7.82 7.45 8 .3 2 8 . 7 l 2,257 1,201 1,155 1,732 1,038 986 2 5 .1 52
43.2 6.95 7.04 7. 91 8 .1 7 1,812 1, 395 1,200 1,403 1,259 1,194 2 4.0 63
56.0 6.93 0.85 7 .31 7 .0 5 2, 004 1, 002 1,441 1, 500 1, 213 1,009 2 0,0 54
69.2 58.9 6. 62 7.04 7 .0 8 7 .1 0 1, 670 1, 043 933 1, 290 843 783 23.8 55
60,3 53.3 7.31 7.30 7 , 60 7 .9 4 2,880 1, 910 1,690 1,081 1,204 1,114 2 1.8 m
58.0 59.8 6.97 6.86 5 .83 6 ,97 2,270 1, 600 1,417 1, 603 1,193 1,004 2 3.7 5 7
66.9 67.4 0.34 0.42 6. 92 7 ,00 2,008 1, 491 1,307 1, 028 1,198 1,062 2 2.8 58
64.7 57.2 6.25 6.26 6. 95 6 .79 2,122 1,453 1,278 1, 093 1,206 1,125 2 2.7 69
56.6 54.0 6.09 6.20 6 .4 5 7 .1 0 1,904 1,381 1,218 1,423 1,017 005 2 2.5 no
01.8 64.2 6.58 6.82 7 .1 4 7 .2 3 2,405 1,914 1,712 1,805 1 ,4 5 0 1,344 2 3 .7 6i
54.4 57.0 0.79 6.88 7 .4 8 7 .6 0 2,047 1,583 1,371 1,070 1,330 1,192 2 3.1 02
» T o ta ls fo r 62 c itie s a n d g e o g ra p h ic a re a s , a n d in te r e s t r a te s fo r in d iv id u a l c itie s a re w e ig h te d a v e ra g e s .
< D a t a o m itte d for c e rta in cities b e c a u s e o f in su ffic ie n t n u m b e r o f r e p o r ts ,
• M e tr o p o lita n a re a ; o th e r c ities, c i t y p r o p e r .
S o u rce: D e p a r tm e n t o f C o m m e rc o , B u r e a u o f F o re ig n a n d D o m e s tic C o m m e rc e ; F in a n c ia l S u r v e y o f
U r b a n H o u sin g ,
1

35. NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM AND RECREATIONAL
DEMONSTRATION AREAS
No. 907.— A b b a s A d m in is te r e d b y N a t i o n a l P a r k S e r v i c e , b y T y p e : J u n e
30, 1040
TYPE OP AREA
Number
Sq, miles
AREA
Acres
All areas, total............. -.................................................... ............ 203 34,807.45 81, 892, 770.IB
Rational Park and Monument System, total.......................................... 161 33,673. 10 81, 650, 782.56
National Parks............................................................................... 20 10.127.08 10,321,331.60
National Historical Parks................................................................. 4 11,96 7,656.28
National Monuments....................................................................... 82 14.704.40 9,449, 214. 35
National Military Parks................................................................... 11 32.94 21,079.98
National Battlefield Sites................................................................. 7 .19 118.73
National Historio Sites...................................................................... 5 2.86 1,828.1G
National Recreational Area............................................................ 1 2, 055. 68 1,699, 573.00
National Memorials.......................................................................... 0 2.79 1,782.62
National Cemeteries........................................................................ 12 1.55 995.40
National Capital Parks.................................................................... 1 16.96 10,856.93
National Parkways........................................................................... 3 66.79 36,347.64
Recreational Demonstration Areas........ ......................................... 42 634.36 341,987,61
Source: Department of the Interior, National Park Service; Areas Administered by National Park
Service (information tables, revised as of June 30,1040).
No. 9 0 8 .— A r e a s A d m in is te r e d b y N a t i o n a l P a r k S e r v i c e — N a m e , Y e a r
E s t a b l i s h e d , L o c a tio n , A c r e a g e , a n d S p e c i a l C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : J u n e 30,
1940
NATIONAL PARKS
NAME AND YEAR
ESTABLISHED
Location Area (acres) Special characteristics
1029 17,752.04 Superb secnic area on Maine coast.
Bryce Canyon......... 1928 Utah...................... 36,080.08 Fantastically eroded, pinnacles o( vivid
coloring.
Carlsbad Caverns__ .1930 N e w Mexico......... 49,508.44 A series of connected caverns of unusual
■ magnificence and extent.
Crater Lake.............. 1902 Oregon.................. 160,334.00 Vivid blue lake of exceptional depth and
clearness in vast orator.
Glacier....................... 1910 Montana............... 084,309.73 60 glaciers and 200 beaut,itul lakes. Part
ot international noaco Dark.
Grand Canyon.......... 1919 Arizona................. 645,119,50 Mile-deep chasm with fantastically
colored and eroded rocks.
Grand Teton............. 1020 Wyoming.............. 06,000,00 The most soenio portion of the Teton
Range.
Great Smoky Mountains.
Tennessee.
natural arboretum and herbarium.
1930 North Carolina- 439,305,87 Loftiest range in East and diversified
Hawaii.......................
1916 Hawaii.................. 176,451,30 Spectacular areas or volcanic interest and
striking tropical vegetation.
Hot Springs............... 1021 Arkansas............... 1,009.44 Mineral hot springs used since prehistoric
times.
.1940 133,662.07
Kings Canyon.......... .1940 California............. 454,000.00 A superb wilderness area, dominated by
the 2 enormous canyons of the Kings
River.
Lasson Volcanic........ 1916 California.............. 104, 520.81 Only recently active volcano in continental
United States,
Mammoth Cave'— 1936 Kentucky.............. 42, 631.75 Tho worid-famous Mammoth Cave, discovered
in 1799.
Mesa Verde.............. 1906 Colorado............... 51, 333. 62 Most notable historic cliff dwellings in
America.
.1017 1,939,493.00 The highest mountain in North America.
Mount Rainier..'.__ .1899 Washington.......... 241,782,00 Glacier system exceeding any other in
continental United States.
Olympic.................... .1938 Washington.......... 836, 411. 00 The finest remnant of the Pacific Northwest
forests.
Platt.......................... .1900 Oklahoma............. 848.31 Many mineral springs w ith distinctive
properties.
Rooky M ountain.-.. .1915 Colorado............... 259,416.13 A magnificent section of the Rocky
Mountains.
Sequoia..................... .1800 California_______ 386,660.00 Groves of sequoia gigantea, including
largest “Big Tree” on earth.
Shenandoah................1936 Virginia................ 183,311.09 Outstanding scenic section of the Blue
Ridge Mountains.
1For administration and protection only.
910

NATIONAL PIAKK& AND MONUMENTS 911
No. 9 0 8 .— A r e a s A d m i n i s t e r e d b y N a t i o n a l P a r k S e r v i c e — N a m e , Y e a r
E s t a b l i s h e d , L o c a t i o n , A c r e a g e , a n d S p e c i a l C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : J u n e 30,
1940— Continued
NATIONAL PARKS— continued
NAME AND TEAR
ESTABLISHED
Wind Cave.............. --1903
Yellowstone............... .1872
Location
South Dakota___
W yom ing-M ontana-Idaho.
Area
(Acres)
12, 039. 71
% 221,772.61
761, 111. 10
80,343,40
Special characteristics
Limestone caves and herds of bison,
wapiti, and pronghorn antelope.
A volcanic region; world-famous for its
geysers and hot springs.
Unique glacial valley of incomparable
beauty and spectacular waterfalls.
Vividly colored and fantastically carved
cliffs bordering a deep valloy.
NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARKS
Abraham Lincoln.. -.1910 Kentucky.............. 110. 50 Tho log cabin in which Lincoln is behoved
to have boon born.
Ohalmctte............... -1907 Louisiana.............. 20.62 Part of tho area on which the Battle of
Now Orleans was fought.
Colonial_________ -1030 Virginia............. 6,465.17 Jamestown Island, Yorktown, and parkway
connecting these areas with colonial
'Williamsburg,
Morristown............ -1933 New Jersey........... 1,051.09 Washington's headquarters, 1779-1780.
NATIONAL MONUMENTS
louse,
Arches.
Gunnison.
Coder Breaks.
Channel Islands.
Dovils Tower .
.1638 Mississippi..........
1940 Virginia.................
.-1929 Utah.......................
1923
-1039 South Dakota.......
1910
-1910 Montana...............
1033 Colorado________
-1013
-1931 Arizona_________
-1037 TTtnh
—1916 New M exico.,___
-1889
-1024 South Carolina__
1933 U ta h .....................
-,1907
1938
1924
~19U
-1924 Idaho.............. ......
-1933
-1911
-1006
C a lifo rn ia -N e -
vada.
Utah-Colorado—
New Mexico-------
49.16
970.80
33, 080.00
25.88
160,103.41
20,020.20
200.00
13,008.55
.60
83.840.00
37,000.00
680.42
472.50
3.60
6,835.79
21,609.40
1,119.98
10,694.80
18.310.01
48,280.24
1,907,720.00
800.00
1,162.91
203,905.00
240.00
Site of Indian village of Aokia, where
on May 26, 1730, the Chicliasaws repulsed
attack of French and Choctaws.
Sceno of surrender on April 9, 1806, of
the Confederate Army, under Gen.
Robert E. Lee.
Extraordinary examples of wind erosion
in the form of gigantic arohes, and
other unique formations.
Prehistoric ruin of the pueblo type, containing
600 ruins.
Spectacular exhibit of weathering and
erosion.
Groat number of ollff dwellings and
pueblo ruins.
Sito of battlefield whero in 1877 a small
force of United States troops routed
a much larger force of No7. Pored
Indians.
A eanyon with a maximum width of
1,300 feet and depth of 1,750 feet.
Here in 1642 Juan Rodriguez Cabrlllo,
discoverer of California, first sighted
land.
Cliff dwellings recording cultural progress
over longer period than any other
Southwestern ruins.
Clift dwellings, imprints of prehistoric
animals, petrified trocs, and unusual
geological formations.
Hugo cinder cone of recent gcologteal
formation, perhaps 1,000 years old.
Noteworthy ruins of a prehistoric people.
Part of the early defenses of Charleston
Harbor.
Ampltlieatres eroded to depth of 2,000
foot in pink-cliff formations.
Includes Pueblo Bonito and other prehistoric
communal dwellings.
Largo rookery of sea lions; unique plants
and mammals; also examples of ancient
voleanism.
Fantastic shapes, resembling animals,
faces; tall Isolated columns eroded from
lava Hows.
Spectacular example of erosion.
Fissure eruptions, volcnnio cones, craters,
and other volcanic phenomena.
Vast dosert solitude, world-famous for
weird natural phenomena.
Consists of peculiar hexagonal basaltia
columns suggestive of Giant’s Causeway,
Ireland.
An 800-foot towor of 6-sided columns of
volcanic rock. Oldest national monument.
Rich field of fossil animals, particularly
dinosaurs.
Sandstone mesa about 200 foot in height,
inscribed with names and brief accounts
of early Spanish explorers.

9 1 2
NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM
No. 9 0 8 .— A r e a s A d m in is te r e d b y N a t i o n a l P a r k S e r v i c e — N a m e , Y e a r
E s t a b l i s h e d , L o c a tio n , A c r e a g e , a n d S p e c i a l C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : J u n e 30,
1940— Continued
NATIONAL MONUMENTS—continued
NAME ANT) YEAR
ESTABLISHED
Location
Area (acres)
Father Millet Cross.. 1926 New York............. 0.01
1935 86.82
1938 214.41
.1924 18.51
1924 18.34
.1925 47.64
.1924 427.39
Fossil Cycad............. .1922 South Dakota....... 320.00
George Washington 1930 Virginia................. 394.47
Birthplace.
Gila Cliff Dwellings—.1907 New Mexico......... 160.00
-1925 2,299,520.00
-1900 610.94
.1932 201,291.00
Great Sand Dunos... .1932 Colorado............... 46,034.47
.1929 1,302.00
Homestead National 1939 N e b ra s k a .................. 160.82
Monument of Ainer
lea.
Hovonwoop................ .1923 Utah-Colorado..... 285.80
Jewel Cave............... .1908 South Dakota....... 1, 274.56
-1930 837,480.00
.1918 2,697, 590. 00
_1925 45,967.00
_1922 640.00
Meriwether Lewis_ .1925 Tennessee. ............ 300.00
Montezuma Castle.—.1900 Arizona................. 521.41
Mound Oity Group. .1923 Ohio...................... 57.00
„10Q8 424. 60
-1008 Utah..................... 2,740.00
.mortal.
_1000 360,00
„1036 688.48
-1916 38.00
_IQ00 480.00
_1937 330,687.00
1036 Ohio..................... 14.25
1006 90,302.37
_1008 0,908.39
1923 40.00
..1937 115.39
-1910 TTtnh 100.00
Saguaro___ _ Arizona..._____ 03,284.00
Special characteristics
Commemorates services of a French Jesnit
missionary at frontier post in 1088*
Largest all masonry fortification in
western world, built for control of
Florida Straits.
From 1834 to 1890 prominently associated
with western exploration and migration.
Oldest masonry fort extant in United
States, originally Castle San Marcos.
Early Spanish stronghold.
Defense of this fort on September 13-14,
1814, inspired the national anthem.
Large brick coast-defense fort begun 1829
and completed 1847.
Fossil cycads, a species of fern plants
from the age of dinosauvs.
Memorial mansion and gardons on the
site of Washington’s birthplace.
Well-preserved cliff dwellings in 4 natural
cavities in the face of an overhanging
cliff.
Tidewater glaciers and exhibit of early
stages of post glacier forests.
Ruins of one of the earliest Spanish
missions in the Southwest.
Part of the Grand Canyon of the Colorado,
containing Toroweap Point.
Sand dunes which arc among the largest
and highest in the United States.
2 crevices on side of this mountain,
when filled with snow, form a cross.
Site of first homestead in United States
entered under the General Homestead
Act of 1862.
4 groups of remarkable prehistoric
towers, pueblos, and cliff dwellings.
Series of subterranean chambers and
galleries in limestone formation.
Many varieties of desert flora, notably
the rare Joshua Tree.
Dying volcanic regions, the scene of a
violent eruption in 1012.
Exhibits of volcanic action and lava flows
in the shape of peculiar lava caves
and tunnels.
Oaves of gray and white limestone
honeycombed by tunnels of stalactite
formations.
Site of old Grinder’s Inn on Natchez
Trace, where Meriwether Lowis is
buried.
Prehistoric cliff-dweller ruin of unusual
size in face of a vertical cliff.
Group of prehistoric) Indian mounds.
Groat grove of redwood trees.
Has 3 natural bridges, the largest being
223 foot high.
Numerous well-preserved cliff-dweller
ruins.
Numerous unique remains of mounds,
ceremonial structures, and prehistoric
towns.
Abandoned Haida Indian village in
whioh remain totem poles and grave
houses.
Caves in limestone formation of great
variety and beauty.
Unusually fine examples of Organ Pipo
Cactus.
Commemorates victory of Commodore
Oliver Hazard Perry over the British
fleet atPut-in-Bay.
Numerous petrified coniferous trees.
Spirc-like rook formations 600 to 1,000
feet high.
An old stone fort connected with early
Mormon history.
Quarry from which Indians obtained
material for making peace pipes.
A unique natural bridge in the shape of a
rainbow.
Contains giant cacti of unusual scientific
interest.

NATIONAL MONUMENTS 9 1 3
N o . 9 0 8 . — A rm as A d m in is t e r e d b y N a t io n a l P a r k Se r v ic e — N a m e , Y e a r
E s t a b l is h e d , L o c a t io n , A c r e a g e , a n d S p e c ia l C h a r a c t e r is t ic s : J u n e 30,
1940— C o n tin u e d
NATIONAL MONUMENTS—continued
NAME AND YEAR
ESTABLISHED
Santa Rosa Island__ .1939
Scotts Bluff................ .1919
Shoshone C a v e r n « . . . .1909
Sitka...........................
Statue of Liberty....... -1910
.1924
Sunset Grater_____ ..-1930
Timpanogos Cave— m ,
Tonto_____________ .1907
Tumacacori________ 1908
Tuzigoot__________ -1039
Verendrye_________-1917
Walnut Canyon____ .1915
Wheeler___________
White Sands_______
W hitman_________
Wupatki__________ -1024
Yucca House_______ .1919
Zion............................ .1937
O h lo k a m a u g a and 1890
Chattanooga.
Fort Donelson............. 1928
Fredericksburg and 1927
Spotsylvania County
Battlefields Memorial.
Gettysburg...................1896
Guilford courthouse.. 1917
Kings Mountain........_1931
Moores Creek_______ 1926
Petersburg— ______ 1926
Shiloh........................... 1894
Stones River................ 1927
Vicksburg— ................ 1890
Location
Area (acres)
Special characteristics
Florida.................. 9,500.00 A barrier reef of exceedingly clear white
sand, 44 miles long.
Nebraska............... 3,476.27 Well-known landmark on Oregon Trail.
Wyoming.............. 212,37 A cava oi considerable extent decorated
with Incrustations of crystals.
Alaska................... 67.00 Important early Russian settlement.
New York............. 10.38 Colossal statue on Bedloe’s Island oommemorating
the French alliance during
the Revolutionary War.
Arizona........... 8,040.00 A volcanic crater with lava flows and ice
caves.
Utah..................... 260.00 Limestone cavern almost 668 feet in
length.
Arizona. .......... 1,120.00 2 clifl-dwoller ruins consisting of 2 and 3
storied walls.
Arizona_________ 10.00 Spanish Mission in late seventeenth century
andtakenoverbyFranciseansabout 1787.
Arizona.................. 42.60 The ruins of several units of an ancient
pueblo, occupied over several centuries
by a varying papulation.
North Dakota....... 263.04 Commemorates the Verendrye explorations
in North Dakota.
Arizona................. 1,879.40 Cliff dwellings built under the outward
sloping canyon walls.
Colorado................ 300.00 Volcanic formations illustrating erratic
erosion.
New Mexico......... 143,227.47 A n area of glistening deposits of windblown
gypsum almost crystal dear,
resembling a vast snow Hold.
Washington........... 46,03 Tlio site of the Indian mission and school
established in 1836 by Marcus W hitman
and wlfo.
Arizona-................ 35,865.30 Prehistoric dwellings of ancestors of
Hop! Indians.
Colorado....... ........ 10.00 Great mounds containing prehistoric
ruins.
Utah...................... 49,160.00 The Hurricane Cliffs, caused by a 3,000-
foot displacement along the fault of the
same name.______ ____ ___
NATIONAL MILITARY PARKS
Georgia-Tennessee. 8,541.73 Battlefields of Ohickamauga, Missionary
Ridge, and Lookout Mountain, important
in operations around Chattanooga
during 1803.
Tennessee.............. 102.54 Site of fort in W ar Between the States.
Virginia................. 2,899.31 6 great Battlefields of the W ar Between
the States in the vicinity of Fredericksburg,
containing miles of original
trenches and earthworks.
Pennsylvania........ 2,392.07 Scene of 3-day battle of Gettysburg.
North Carolina. 148.83 Site of an Important encounter on Mar.
16,1781, between British and American
forces.
South Carolina__ M 0.09 Site of American victory in Revolutionary
War, Oct. 7,1780,
North Carolina.. . 30.00 Scene of a memorable battle In 1776 between
North Carolina Whigs and
Tories.
Virginia.................. 2,040.90 Battlefield area and scene of longest
siege in the history of the United States.
Tennessee.......... 3,716.66 The battlofleld of Shiloh near Pittsburg
Landing (1862).
Tennessee............ 323.86 Scone of a stubbornly fought midwinter
bottlo in 1862.
Mississippi_____ _ 1,338.00 Remarkablo preserved fortifications of
47-day siege of Vicksburg (1863).
NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD SITES
Antietam.................. „1890 Maryland_______ 63.73 Scene of the battle wlrieh brought to an
end Lee’s first invasion of the North in
1862.
Brices Cross Hoads.. ..1929 Mississippi--------- 1.00 Scene of a severe battle in which Confederate
cavalry was employed with
groat skill.
Cowpens_________ ..1929 South Carolina__ 1.00 Site of Daniel Morgan’s decisive victory
over the British on Jan. 17, 1781.
Fort Necessity____ ..1931 Pennsylvania____ 2.00 Scene of a battle between colonial troops
led by George W asbingtonand French
troops assisted b y Indians, July 3,1754.
I On July 11, 1940, area enlarged to 4,012 acres.
* Temporarily dosed to visitors.

9 1 4 NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM
N o. 9 0 8 .— Ar e a s Ad m in is t e r e d b y N a t io n a l P a r k S e r v ic e — N a m e , Y e a r
E s t a b l is h e d , L o c a t io n, A c r e a g e, a n d S p e c ia l C h a r a c t e r is t ic s : J u n e 30,
1940—Continued
n a t io n a l b a t t l e f ie l d s it e s — continued
NAME AND TEAR
ESTABLISHED
Location Area (aeros) Special characteristics
Kennesaw Mountain *. 1917 Qeorgia................. 60.00 Cheatham’s Hill, on which the m ost desperate
action during the B attle of
Kennesaw Mountain took place (Juno
27,1864).
Tupelo........................1929 Mississippi........... 1.00 Commemorates tho Battle of Tupelo,
July 13 and 14,1804.
White Plains.............1926 Now Y o rk .......... Memorials showing the positions held hy
Washington’s army at tho B attle of
White Plains.
Federal Hall Memor- 1939
ial.
NATIONAL HISTORIC SITES
Now York City— .49 On this spot, the sito of the present Federal
Subtreasnry Building, stood tho
famous Federal Hall, the first soat of
the new Federal Government.
Hopewell Village____ 1938 Pennsylvania....... 213.70 One of the finest examples of American
18th century iron-making villages.
Manassas National 1940 Virginia................ 1,604.67 Here were fought the battles of F irst and
Battlefield Park.
O ld Philadelphia 1939
Custom House.
Second Manassas on July 21,1861, and
August 29-30,1862.
Philadelphia........ .79 This building, completed in 1824, is ono
of the finest examples of Greek revival
architecture; was the home of tho Second
Bank of the United States, which
figured so prominently in tho historic
controversy over national banking
policies.
Salem Maritime......... 1938 Massachusetts___ 8.61 Includes the Derby Wharf, tho Richard
Derby House, and the old Customs
House in which Nathaniel Hawthorno
workod, all important in the early
maritime history of New England.
NATIONAL RECREATIONAL AREA
Boulder Dam 1........... 1930 Arizona—Nevada. 1,699,573 Boulder Dam and Lnko M ead, tho
largest artificial lake in the world, 115
miles long.
NATIONAL MEMORIALS
Camp Blount Tablets. 1930 Tennessee............. Tablets marking tlio sitoof m ilitia mobilization
under Andrew Jackson for
Indian campaigns.
House Where Lin- 1896
coin Died.
Washington, D. C. .05 Lincoln died here on April 16,1866. Has
been refurnished to give atmosphere of
a typical home of tho 1800’s.
ICill Devil Hill........... 1927 North Carolina... 314.40 Site of the first sustained flight by a
heavicr-than-air machino, m ade hy
Wilbur and Orville Wright.
Leo Mansion.............. 1925 Virginia................ .50 Home of Robert E. Lee, commander-inchief
of tho Confederate Array.
Lincoln Memorial...... 1922 Washington, D.O. .61 Classical structure of great beauty with
a seated figure, 20 foot high, of tho
Groat Emancipator.
Lincoln Museum........1982 Washington, D.C- .18 Ford’s Theater in which Lincoln wns
shot by John Wilkes Booth on tile
night of April 14,1866.
M o u n t Rushmore 1929 South Dakota___ 1,465.51 Colossal figures carved on tlio face of
Memorial.
Mount Rushmore, delineating the
features of 4 great presidents.
New Echota Marker..1931 Georgia................. 1.00 Site of the last capital of the Cherokee
Washington Monu- 1885
meat.
Indians in Georgia.
Washington, D. C_ .37 Monument (in the form of an obollsk,
566 feet high), is one of the dominating
features of the Nation’s capital.
1 On Juno 26,1936, Congress authorized the Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park project to
include this area.
s Area established by inter-bureau agreement. The Bureau of Reclamation is responsible for tho water
conservation and power generation phases of tho projoot. The National Park Service administers tho
area for public recreation.

(NATIONAL CEMETERIES 9 1 5
No. 9 0 8 .— A r e a s A d m in is t e r e d b y N a t io n a l P a r k S e r v ic e — N a m e , Y e a r
E s t a b l is h e d , L o c a t io n , A c r e a g e , a n d S p e c ia l C h a r a c t e r is t ic s : J u n e 3 0 ,
1940— C ontinued
n a t io n a l c e m e t e r ie s
NAME AND YEAR
ESTABLISHED
Location Area (acres) Special characteristics
Antletam_______ 61862
Battleground____ ___«1804 District of Columbia,
Chattanooga......... 1803
Custer Battlefield. ...f 1886 Montana..... ..........
Fort Donclson...........• 1807
Fredericksburg......... • 1865
Gettysburg................• 1863
Poplar Grovo........41866
Tennossee___
Virginia_____
Pennsylvania.
Virginia.........
Shiloh 41806 Tennessee.
Stones River.............4 1866
Vicksburg........... ...... 4 1866
Tennessee,.
Mississlppi.
11.36
1.03
136. IB
640.00
15.31
12,00
15.66
9.02
10.26
20.09
119.76-
Yorktown. 4 1866 Virginia. 2.91
The cemetery is divided into segments,
each representing a State. Interments:
4,833 (unldontiflod, 1,836).
On Georgia Avenue, between Van Buren
and "Whittier Streets. Interments: 44.
Interments: 14,725.
The oemetory is on tho sito of the famous
Battle of tile Little Big Horn River,
June 25, 1876, in whioh Liout.-Col.
Geo. A. Ouster and his command were
destroyed by tho Sioux Indians.
Intormonts: 084.
Interments: 16,260.
Interments: 3,785.
Cemetery is on camping ground of the
60th Regiment of Now York Engineers.
Interments: 6,265 (unidentified, 2,163).
Men who fell at battle of Shiloh and tho
surrounding area. Interments: 3,653
(unidentified, 2,417).
Interments: 6,179 (unidentified, 2,660).
Includes many who died in a radius of
160 miles from Vicksburg during the
War Between the States. Interment:
17,450.
Interments: 2,204 (unidentified, 1,446).
NATIONAL CAPITAL PARKS
National Capital 1790 District of Colum- 8 10,866.93 Tho pork system of the District of Co*
Parks. bia and environs. lumbla was established under authorization
of the aet of July 16, 1790, and
has been under continuous Federal eontrol
since. There are 725 areas in which
are located 74 national statuos and
memorials.
NATIONAL PARKWAYS
Blue Ridge.
Georgo Washington
Memorial.
Natchoz Trace.
• 1930
Virginia-N 0 r t h
Carolina,
•1930 V irginiB'Distriet
of Coluinbia-
Maryland.
.* 1934 Mississippi-A 1 a -
b a m a-Tonnessco.
m 24, COO. 72 A scanlo parkway averaging 2,500 feot In
olovation, following the Blue Ridge
Mountains, embracing scenic and recreational
areas. 306 miles of an estimated
total of 484 miles are oomplotod
or under construction,
w 1,932.08 Embraces many interesting landmarks
associated with life of George Washington;
its principal feature will bo a
continuous boulevard drive along tho
Maryland and Virginia shores of the
Potomac River, Estimated length
when finished is 61 miles.
i» 9,814.14 A parkway following general route of
Old Indian Trail between Nashville
and Natohez, known as “Natohez
Trace,” an important route in early
travel. 86 miles of an estimated total
of 454 miles are completed or under
construction.
4 Probable date of interments. _ . „ , „ ,
i Transferred to National Park Sorvice by Executive order of Juno 3, 1940, effective July 1, 1940.
8 Includos approximately 4,700 acres of Ohosapeako and Ohio Canal lands,
• Year started.
■° Aeroago acquired to date.

9 1 6 NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM
N o. 9 0 8 .— A r e a s A d m i n i s t e r e d b y N a t i o n a l P a r k S e r v i c e — N a m e , Y e a r
E s t a b l i s h e d , L o c a t i o n , A c r e a g e , a n d S p e c i a l C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : J u n e 30,
1940— C ontin ued
r e c r e a t io n a l d e m o n s t r a t io n a r e a s
NAME
Location
Area
(acres)
Special characteristics
6,600
Beach Pond______ Rhode Islan d ... 3,472
Bear Brook______ New Hampshire. 6,165
Blue Knob-....... —. Pennsylvania... 6,136
4,962
9,746
Cheraw................... South Carolina.. 6.832
14,080
Crabtree Creek___ N orth Carolina. 4,082
6,802
Custer..................... South D akota... 20,167
Palls Creok Falls.. Tennessee.......... 16,776
French Creek____ Pennsylvania... 5,084
Hard Labor Creek. Georgia............... 5,802
Hickory Run_____ Pennsylvania... 12,908
Kings M ountain... South Carolina.. 10,147
1,753
2,228
Lako of the Ozarks. Missouri............ 1C) 037
Laurel Hill............ Pennsylvania..- 4,025
5,410
Montgomery Bell— Tennessee.......... 8,744
3,430
7,805
2,435
Pere Marquette___ Illinois.............. - 2,622
Pino Mountain___ Georgia............... 3,018
Raccoon Creek. — Pennsylvania... 5,034
Roosevelt................ North Dakota.... 83, 365
18,499
12,305
10,129
4,088
Stephens, Alexan- Georgia..........— 938
derH.
7,610
5,371
12,018
Waysides......... ....... South Carolina.. 239
205.61
White Sands........... Now Mexico___ 1,719
6,233
Yankee Springs___ Michigan........... 4,107
Bold promontory on Mount Desert Island, adjoining Acadia
National Park.
Forest area and bathing beach.
Rolling wooded country with lakes and ponds.
Typical Allegheny Mountain wilderness country containing
second highest point in Pennsylvania.
Meeting point of highest hills on mainland and rugged
Atlantic coast.
Rugged mountain and woodland area.
Lake and pine forest.
Forest covered slopes through which flow the Chopawamslc
and Quantico Creeks.
Forest in Piedmont plateau region.
Field and forest upland on the Ouivre Rivor.
Scenic section of the Black Hills.
Caney Creek Gulf; rapids and waterfalls culminating in
Falls Creek Falls, which have a vertical drop of 250
feet, 89 feet higher than Niagara.
The remains of Hopewell Village, a typical early American
iron-making community.
Fields and wooded lands with 2 lakes.
Rooky, wild upland in the Poconos with varied wildlife
population.
Adjoins famous Revolutionary battle fields; rugged forest
with lakes.
Adjacent to Bureau of Reclamation development of the
same name, which contains large artificial lake and museum.
Largest lake In State.
Forest with extensive shore lines jutting into a 125-mile
long lake formed by the Bagnell Dam.
Heavily forested mountains with beautiful lake and many
streams.
Steep hillsides with Redwood forests. Adjoins Van
Damme State Park on rugged California coast.
Wooded plateau with large lake.
Forest stands ol burr, oak, sycamore, and cottonwood on
rolling land.
Rough mountain lands thickly wooded, marked by narrow
valleys and sparkling streams.
Aflording splendid viows of the Ohio River from its high
bluffs.
Densely wooded ravines and hills rising above Mississippi
and Illinois River valleys.
M ountain range in middle Georgia.
Steep hills, deep valleys, and lake on Traverse Creek.
Unusual geological formations characteristic of the Dakota
"badlands.”
Woodland sandy pine country bordering St. Croix River.
Rugged wooded river bluffs and forested bottomlands on
the Mississippi.
Outstanding scenic section of the Bine Ridge. Adjoins
Shenandoah National Park.
Heavy Douglas fir forest of great natural beauty adjoining
the State park of the same name.
Rolling forest lands and lakes adjoining the home ol the
Vice President of the Confederacy.
Large lake and wooded area with splendid bathing beach,
picnic grounds, and camping facilities.
Forested hills bordering the winding valley of Laughery
Creek.
Hill and dune country dotted by kettle hole lakes and
small ponds.
Small areas adjoining main highways with facilities for
parking and picnicking.
Facilities for parking and picnicking.
Adjoins White Sands National Monument.
Stretch of woodland along the historic Tippecanoe River,
a beautiful clear stream, Ideal for canooing and fishing.
Rolling hills and kettle lakes in dune country.
Source: Department of the Interior, National Park Service; Areas Administered by National Park
Service (information tables, revised as of Juno 30,1940).

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE— APPROPRIATION'S} REVENUES 9 1 7
No. 909.— A r e a s U n d e r J u r i s d i c t i o n o f N a t i o n a l P a r k S e r v i c e — A p p r o ­
p r i a t i o n s f o r A d m i n i s t r a t i o n , P r o t e c t i o n , a n d I m p r o v e m e n t , a n d R e v ­
e n u e s : F i s c a l Y e a r s 1917 t o 1940
19171
1918.
1919.
YEAR
1920.. ..
1921 __________
1922 __________
1923 __________
1924.. ..
3925__
1920__
1927----
1 928.. .
1929—
1930.. ..
1031.. ..
3932.. ..
1933— .
1933-40.
1034—
1936.. ..
1936.. ..
1937 __________
1938 _____________
1939 __________
1040— .
Interior__
War..........
Total
Interior__
War..........
Total
Interior.
War___
Total.
Department Appropriation Revenues
$533,466.07
247,200.00
780,066.67 $180, 052.30
529.780.00
217.500.00
747,280.00 217,330.56
902,205.00
50,000.00
1,012,206.00 190,678.03
907,070.76
1,058,969.16
1.533.220.00
1.579.520.00
1.759.001.00
3,027, 657.00
3.268.409.00
3.933.920.00
4.874.685.00
4.771.615.00
7.890.321.00
15.289.435.00
9.595.250.00
10.820.620.00
3 47,513,704.89
8.967.970.00
12,663,541.38
18,830,28a 00
17.595.806.00
22.590.200.00
20,959,977.29
13, 557,816.00
316.877.98
396,928.27
432,964.89
513,706.36
663,886.32
670.920.98
826,464.17
703,849.60
808,255.81
849.272.95
1,015,740.56
940.364.79
820,064.10
628,182.06
731.331.80
907.189.96
1,136,533.68
1,308,091.66
1,504,501.84
1, 567,333.70
1,929,013.63
• National Park Service was created on August 25, 1916.
3 Represents the total allocations received from the Public Works Administration.
Source: Department of the Interior, National Park Service; Annual Report of the Secretary.
No. 9X0.— V i s i t o r s t o N a t i o n a l P a r k s a n d M o n u m e n ts : 1916 t o 1940
N ote.—No record ol visitors to National Monuments available for years prior to 1919
YEAR ENDED
SEPT. 30
N um ber
year ended
SEPT.tO
N um ber
YEAR ENDED
SEPT.30
N um ber
1916.............................. 366,097 1925 2,051,922 1034.............................. 6,337,206
1917.............................. 188,208 1926 2,311,955 1935 _ .................... 7,676,490
1918........................... 151,001 1927 2,797,810 1936........................ — 11,989,793
1919.............................. 809,702 1928 3,021,511 1937.___ — ............. 15,133,432
1026 1,101,970 1929 3,218,261 1938___ _________ 16,233,688
1921.............................. 1,171,797 1930 . . 3,210,056 1939...................... — 15,464,367
1022...................... — . 1,216,197 1931 . 3,019,906 1940............ ................. 16,741,855
1923.............................. 1,163,712 1932............................ 3,761,696
1924 ............................ 1,070,908 1933 —
3,100,510
Source: Department of the Interior, National Park Service; records.

36. SUPPLEMENTAL STATISTICS FOR OUTLYING
TERRITORIES AND POSSESSIONS
General Note.—Tho Sixteenth Census figures for the population of Alaska and Puerto Bico, and for
manufactures in Alaska and Hawaii, as given in this section, are preliminary and subject to revision. Population
statistics for Alaska, Hawaii, and Puorto Eico, comparable with those appearing In tables 912 to 915,
and manufactures statistics for Puerto Elco, comparable with those for Alaska and Hawaii in tables 910
and 917, will be included in the 1941 edition of the Abstract. That edition will also include summary statistics
for agriculture and business, for Alaska, Hawaii, and Puorto Eico, and for agriculture for Virgin
Islands.
No. 9 1 1 .—Outlying Territories and P ossessions and P rincipal Cities
or T owns—Population, 1900 to 1940, and Dwelling Units, 1940
[Leaders indicate no data available]
POPULATION
PWELLING UNITS I,
1040
1000
(Tune 1)
1010
(Apr. 15)
1020
(Jan. 1)
1030
(Apr. 1)
1040
(Apr. 1)
Total
Occupied
Vacant
Alaska Territory........
Juneau....................
American Samoa........
Hawaii Territory.......
Honolulu.................
Panama Canal Zone..
63,592
1,864
5,679
> 9,670
154,661
39,300
10,369,230 11,095,307 14,143,570 2 18,477,153
3 64,356
31,844
• 7,251
«4Q4
11,806
101,909
52,183
u 62,810
55,036
3,058
8,056
568
813,276
7,432
255,912
83, 327
22,858
Philippine Islands__ 12 7,635,426 13 8,876,000 u 10,314,310
1 2 219,928
i * 285,306
Puerto Eioo................ » 963,243 1,118,012 1,299,809
San Juan................. 1 7 32,048 48,716 71,443
Virgin Islands...................... 18 30,527 13 27,080 20 26,051
20
J8 8, 540
7 747
Charlotte Amalie...
i» 8,247
* 59,278
< 4,043
10,055
708
818,509
8,690
368, 336
137, 582
39,407
4,400
is 12,082,000
is 329,000
1, 543,913
114,716
22,012
7,036
J s 72,361
2«5,724
12,908
934
22,290
10,004
423,330
179,358
51,827
4,583
1 0 16,000,303
i o 623,492
2 1,809,245
2 169,255
24,889
9,801
90,670
39,4X0 80,583
38,491 3,087 910
359,639
36,262
9,041
3,208
354,417
34, G31
8,283
3,152
5,222
631
768
116
>A “dwelling unit" Is the living quarters occupied by, or intended for occupancy by, I household.
>Preliminary.
«As of Tan. 1,1910.

POPULATION 9 1 9
N o . 9 1 2 .— Am erican Samoa—P opulation, by S e x , R ace, N a t iv it y, and
A ge: 1920, 1930, and 1940
1920
Ian. 1)
1980
(Apr. 1)
1949
(Apr. 1)
1920
(Jan, 1)
1930
(Apr. 1)
«
►i J4*-
s
* S
Total.
M ale.................
Female...............
Polynesian.........
Male______
Female........
Native______
Foreign-born..
Part-Polyneslan.
Male........... .
Female.........
Native.............
Foreign-born..
W h ite...............
Male............
Fomale....... .
Native.............
Foreign-born..
8,068 10,066 13,908 Other............................ 6 25 14
0 14
4,130 fi, 208 0,612 1
3,817 4,847 6,296 Nativo....................... 0) 12 6
Foreign-bom______ C‘> 13 8
7,770 8,026 11,201
3,975 4, 541 5,711 Under 5 years............... 1,271 1,702 2,243
3,801 4,385 6,680 Under 1 year.............. ) 857 457
w 8,040 10,507 5 to 0 years.................. 1,102 1,450 2,022
fn 886 784 10 to 14 years................ 773 1, 226 1, 006
233 877 1,303 15 to 19 years................ 711 1,021 1, 303
127 460 687 20 to 24 years................ 600 700 1,134
10(5 408 016 25 to 20 years................ / 845 1,024
(9 742 1,133 30 to 34 years.............. I 672 727
(>) 135 170 36 to 30 years............... ( 712
M l 227 300 40 to 44y e a rs.............. 1 514
31 174 200 45 to 40 years________ / 898
10 53 100 50 to 64 years................ 1 325
w 103 273 66 to 59 years............... f 270
1 34 27 00 to 64 years................ 1 182
05 to 69 years................ / 122
70 to 74 years............... 204 ; 144 1 79
75 years and older........ I 27 92
*Not available.
3 Not comparable with figures tor subsequent years. Data for white naval population of American Samoa
In 1920 included in figures for continental United States.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Outlying Territories
and Possessions; Sixteenth Census preliminary releases.
N o , 9 1 3 .— Guam—-Population, b y Se x , R ace, N ativity, and A g e: 1920,
1930, and 1940
1920
(Jan. 1)
1930
(Apr. 1)
1940
(Apr. 1)
Total_________ 113,276 318,509 3 22,290
M ale.......................... 0,400 9,630 11,300
Female____ _______ 6,786 8,879 10,090
Chamorro...................

920 OUTLYING TERRITORIES AND POSSESSIONS
N o. 9 1 4 .— P anam a C a n a l Z o n e— 'P o p u l a t io n , b y S e x , R a c e , N a t iv it y ,
C it iz e n s h ip S t a t u s, a n d A g e : 1920, 1930, a n d 1940
1920
(Jan . 1)
1930
(A p r. 1)
1910
(A p r. 11
T otal___________ 22,858 39,467 61, 827
M a le ................................... 14,586 26,139 37,528
P e m a lo - ........................... 8, 272 13,328 14,299
W h ite ................................ 12,370 18,814 32,856
M a le ........................... 8, 555 14,423 26,971
F e m a le ...................... 3,815 4,391 5,885
N a tiv e ........................... 10, 753 16,773 31,360
F o re ig n -b o rn .............. 1,617 2, O il 1,490
N a tu ra liz e d ............ (0 926 911
F ir s t p a p e rs ............ 0) 275 15
A lie n .......................... « 790 545
U n k n o w n ................ to 44 19
N egro a n d N eg ro -
m ix e d ............................. 10,429 20,385 18,524
M a le ........................... 5,972 11,471 10,127
• F e m a le...................... 4,457 8,914 8,397
N a tiv e ........................... 2,757 5,284 5,576
F o re ig n -b o rn .............. 7,672 15,101 12,048
N a tu ra liz e d ............ o) 22 18
F irs t p a p e rs ............ o> 8 1
A lie n ......... ................. « 15,028 12,921
U n k n o w n ................ 0 ) 43 8
192ft
(Jan. 1)
1030
(Apr. 1)
1040
(Apr. 1)
Other.......................... 69 268 447
Male..................... 59 245 430
23 17
Native..................... M o) 33
Foreign-born........... (>) 1 414
Naturalized.......... (') « 2
(1) 0)
Alien..................... (9 w 412
(!) (l)
Under 5 years............. 2,590 2,694 2,419
Under 1 year............ 540 m 461
5 to 9 years___ ____ 2,297 3, 618 2,633
10 to 14 years.............. 1,197 3, 510 2,095
15 to 19 years.............. 1, 542 3,705 6,308
20 to 24 years ............ 2,968 5,952 13,045
25 to 29 years.............. 3,252 4,149 5,980
30 to 34 years.............. 2,950 3, 290 3,780
35 to 44 years.............. 3,825 6,932 5,701
45 to 54 years............ 1,513 3,974 5,368
55 to 64 years.............. 369 1,153 2,068
65 to 74 years.............. 71 341 370
75 years and older___ 13 104 123
Unknown................... 268 45 917
i Not available
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Outlying Territories
and. Possessions; Sixteenth Census preliminary releases,
No. 9 1 5 .— V irg in Is la n d s—P o p u la tio n , by Sex, R ace, N a tiv ity , C itiz e n ­
ship S ta tu s , and Age: 1917, 1930, and 1940
1917
(Nov. 1)
1030
(Apr. 1)
1940
(Apr. 1)
1917
(Nov. 1)
1930
(Apr. 1)
1940
(Apr. 1)
Total.
Male.......................
Female___ ________
White.........................
Male....................
Female.................
Native.....................
Foreign-horn_____
Naturalized.........
First papers........
Alien and unknown..............
Negro.........................
Male................... .
Fem ale-............ .
Native__________
Foroign-born____
Naturalized.........
First papers.........
Alien and unknown..............
28,051 22,012 24,889 Mixed and other........
Male.....................
11,999
14,052
1,922
1,198
724
«
(■)
c
«
(')
19,523
8,990
10,533
8 mw
M
10,208
11,804
2,010
1,150
854
1,392
618
(■)
(>)
0)
17, 243
7,841
9,402
14,036
3,208
(')
(>)
«
11,912
12,977
2,236
1, 216
1,020
1,704
532
134
17
381
17,176
8, m
9,053
14,663
2,513
351
90
2,072
Female.................
Native.....................
Foroign-born...........
Naturalized..........
(First papers.......
Alien and unknown..............
Under 5 years---.......
Under 1 year............
5 to 9 years.................
10 to 14 years..............
15 to 19 years..........
20 to 24 years..............
25 to 29 years..............
30 to 34 years..............
35 to 44 years..............
45 to 54 years..............
65 to 64 years..............
65 to 74 years_______
75 years and older___
Unknown...................
4,606
1,811
2,795
C)
(0
0)
C)
0)
2.430
m
2.430
2,461
2,209
2, 521
2. 200
1,915
3,719
2,709
1,894
1,084
479
2,759 5,477
1,211 2,573
1, 548 2,904
2, 514 6,191
246 286
C) 70
(') 13
C) 203
2, 257 3,027
4H 637
2,486 2,581
2,291 2,370
1, 883 2,383
1,595 2,277
1,367 1, 937
1, 239 1, 509
2,731 2, 510
2, 721 2,446
1,783 2,056
1,120 1,213
635 561
4 19
1Not available.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Outlying Territories
and Possessions; Sixteenth Census preliminary releases.

M A N U F A C T U R E S 9 2 1
No. 9 1 6 .— A l a s k a — M a n u f a c t u r e s , b y I n d u s t r i e s : 1899 t o 1939
N o t e .—Tho figures for 1 9 3 0 do not include data for plants reporting products valued at less than $2,000;
those for earlior years cover all plants having products valued at $ 5 0 0 or more. This increase in the
minimum valuo-of-produots limit resulted in some reduction in tho “Number of establishments”
reported, as compared with what it would have been had the minimum of $ 50(1 been retained, hut did not
soriously impair the comparablenoss of tho figures for 1 0 3 9 with those for earlier years
INDUSTRY
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for the
year)
Wages
Cost of
materials,
eto7 fuel,
and electric
energy
Value of
products
Valuo
added by
manufacture'
All industries, total..
Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
21939 222 4,810 0,720,841 20,376, 797 37,715,203 17, 339,406
1019 147 6,675 8,839,4 6 2 10,482,485 41,495,243 22, 012,758
1909 152 3,090 1,948,020 5,110,613 11,340,105 0,220,402
1809 48 2,260 1,375,000 1,703,000 4,194,000 2,431,000
Boats, building and repairing*...............................
1930 5 14 20,960 23,600 59,120 35,520
1909 0 8 2,440 3,139 10,330 7,101
Bread and other bakery
products i ......................... 1939 24 49 60,707 233,216 408,463 175,247
1900 8 24 41,000 71,099 141,110 vet O il
Fish canning and processing................
-.................. 1939 139 4 ,3 5 0 0, 190,259 19,553,244 36,527,767 15,974,623
1910 104 6,085 8,130,669 18,535,578 39,160,922 20,025,344
1909 46 2,717 1,457,587 4,053,094 9,189,982 5,136,888
1899 30 2,092 1 ,243,000 1,588,000 3,821,000 2,233,000
Ice, manufactured * ........... 1030 4 12 18, 500 10,080 77,770 07,690
Lumber and timber prodnets...................................
1930 18 220 234,202 205,375 702,615 497,240
1919 22 222 327, 292 311,439 950,260 638,817
1909 22 131 108,201 108,504 400,272 231,768
1899 10 78 56,000 07,000 156,000 88,000
Maohino shops *.................. 1039 6 11 18,750 29,100 73,074 43,974
Printing and publishing3. . 1939 25 114 120, 084 70, 003 427, am 351,5 0 2
1909 16 04 100, 403 30, 302 228,192 101,800
All other industries............ 1939 611 39 47,278 185,089 878,733 103, 044
1919 21 208 376,501 035,408 1,384,005 748, 507
1909 64 155 237,405 737,385 1,370, 219 582,834
1809 2 90 70,000 108,000 218,000 110, 000
i Value of products loss cost of materials, otc„ fuel; and purchased oleotrie energy.
“Tho figures for 1939 cover the 12months ended Sept. 30, 1030.
s No comparable figures available for 1919 and 1899.
1 No oomparablo figures available for earlior yoars. .
'Beverages, nonalcoholic, 1 establishment; candy, 1; concrete products, 1; lee cream, 2; liquors, malt, 2;
sheet-motal work, 2; wiro netting, 2. The figures for those industries are combined to avoid disclosing the
data reported by individual establishments.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of tho Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Outlying Territories
and Possessions; Sixteenth Census preliminary roloases.
267706°— 41- ■60

9 2 2 OUTLYING THRBITOEIES AND POSSESSIONS'
N o. 9 1 7 .— H a w a ii— M a n u f a c t u r e s , b y I n d u s t r i e s : 1899 t o 1939
N ote.—T he figures for 1039 do not include data for plants reporting products valued at less than $2,000;
those for oarlier yoars cover all plants having products valued at $500 or more. This increase in the minimum
value-of-produots limit resulted in some reduction in the “Number of establishments” reported, as
compared with what it would have been had the minimum of $500 beon retained, but did not seriously
impair the comparabloness of the figures for 1039 with those for earlier years. Comparable figuros for
earlier years aro given for all industries for which such figuros are available
INDUSTRY
Consus
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for
the
year)
Wages
Cost of
materials,
etc., fuol,
and electric
energy
Value of
products
Value added
by manufacture
*
Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
All industries, total..... >1939 460 16,842 11, 356,234 75,459,014 138, 655,947 58,196, 933
31010 496 0,060 6,036,703 81,144,130 133,090,412 51,952, 282
81009 500 5,004 2, 108,003 25, 020, 309 47,403,880 21,774, 571
31809 222 3,655 1,473,000 12,251,000 23, 364,000 11,103,000
Food and kindred products: *
Bakery products................ 1939 75 533 412,058 1,021,468 2,939,927 1,318,400
1910 30 105 87,968 820,838 1,129,294 302,456
1909 46 107 35,560 219,676 843, 520 128,945
1800 8 4 1,000 6,000 10,000 5,000
Beverages, alcoholic (distilled
liquors, malt liquors,
sake, and wines) *. 1939 0 254 249,569 706,194 2,118,007 1,413,713
Beverages, nonalcoholic- -. 1930 27 121 97,866 356,302 810,235 459,933
1910 32 167 88,534 251,703 518,800 200,800
1909 22 83, 35,391 74,332 194,273 110, 001
1809 7 35 11,000 25,000 89,000 64,000
Cano sugar *........................ 1030 35 4,371 2,804,420 30,482, 432 49,260,987 18,708,555
1919 43 3,143 2,027,128 45,807,011 80,236.244 34,339,233
1909 46 2,517 781,280 18,542,075 35,949,822 17,407,747
1809 44 2,369 748,000 0,778,000 10,256,000 9,477,000
Coffee, dcparchmcntizfng- 1039 0 30 10,556 401,422 464,321 62,800
1919 10 39 20,010 875,463 1,050,752 175,289
1009 5 71 12,100 260,705 297,263 46,658
1899 6 47 9,000 60,000 95,000 35,000
Confectionery.............. —-. 1030 0 25 17,891 56.176 98,318 42,142
U010 20 102 51,279 393,147 687,330 104,183
1909 0 21 6,330 28,574 43,162 10,688
Fruit canning and proserving...................
... 1030 18 7,949 4,577,807 24,549,416 48,692,282 24,142,860
1019 9 2,855 1,391,522 10,772,745 18,997,975 8.225,230
1909 10 810 174,502 920,591 1,501,073 664,482
Canned pineapplo and
pineapple Juice............. 1030 0 7,900 4,552,667 24, 462, 105 48,040,800 24,078,701
Jollies, preserves, etc__ 1939 0 49 25,200 87,311 161,470 04,106
Ice cream............................ 1030 10 111 89,004 598,154 1, 262, 777 604,023
Ice, manufactured___-___ 1939 6 66 85,797 42,940 228, 642 185,702
1909 5 40 23,903 21,386 107, 111 85,725
1800 4 10 12,000 16,000 67,000 41,000
Macaroni and noodles....... 1939
1010
8
4
26
17
16.490
8,930
40,503
70,517
86,007
07,700
45,564
21,282
Native foods....................... 1039 56 121 04,080 331,861 599,010 267,149
Fish cakes....................... 1039 4 26 18,967 67, 921 110,005 42,084
Pei.................................... 1039 34 86 30,283 173,283 343, 561 170,278
Sugar and rice cakos....... 1630 3 4 2,184 68,725 105,136 36, 411
T ofu.-............................. 1039 10 5 3,046 21,932 40,308 18,370
Pickled fruits and vogetabios;
v e g e ta b le sanocs__ 1930 0 837 10,390 38,224 21,834
1910 3 4 1,447 22,816 34,481 11,60S
1900 6 13 2,522 17,133 33,572 10,439
Potato chips; taro o hips... 1939 0 17 0,433 23, 021 45,372 21,751
i Valuo of products loss cost of materials, etc., fuol, and purchased oloctric onorgy.
J Figures cover the 12 months ended Sept. 30, 1930.
a Figures include data for cofloo roasting and spice grinding which are no longer treated as manufacturing
jtivitics.
* Excopt canned tuna, rico polishing, vegetable oils, and sirups. See footnote 14.
»Combined to avoid disclosing, exactly or approximately, any data for individual establishments or
nnpanies.
«Figuros for this industry relate solely to sugar mills, nud do not include data for sugarcane plantations.
* Beportcd as con/cct/ouery and fee cream.

MANUFACTURES 9 2 3
N o , 9 1 7 . — H a w a i i — M a n u f a c t u r e s , b y I n d u s t r i e s : 1899 t o 1939— Con.
IN D U S T R Y ,
Census
year
Number
of
estab-
Value
added by
manufacments
Wage
earners
(average
for
Cost of
materials,
etc., fuel,
■Wages
Value of
products
the
year) trio energy tore i
Chemicals and fertilizers.......
Dollars Dollars Dollars
1939 6 189 180,984 1,525, 294 2, m , m 034,814
Clothing, men’s and women’s
(including men’s shirts). . . 1939 7 198 89,125 352, 179 555,780 203,601
1919 15 20 U, 808 37,900 79,402 41,442
1909 4 3 COO 3,985 7, 630 3,645
1939 0
17,809 65,178 88, 929 33,761
1919 12 23 12, 513 33,622 64, 419 30,797
1909 14 81 17,159 78,120 126,475 48,355
1890 14 30 11, 000 20,000 47,000 27,000
Furniture--............................ 1939 13 79 76,190 126,125 286,796 100, 671
1919 5 10 9,345 8, 623 29,169 20,046
1909 6 54 14, 741 38, 803 69,752 31,089
Furniture, household (ox-
1939 5 17
Furniture, upholstered___ 1939 4
Furniture and fixtures, of-
Jewelry; silverware; electro-
34
17,106
28,088
35,050
54,629
60,585
128,458
31,535
73,829
1939 4 29 30,996 36,446 91,753 55, 307
1039 8 8 28 29,447 21,757 106,419 84,662
1919 6 36 20,414 46, 432 107,063 61, 531
1909 6 54 24,143 61,006 111, 336 60, 320
Mattresses and bed springs.. 1930 5 IS 11,610 60, 677 94,005 37,928
1919 5 15 11,844 30, 389 54,036 23, G4G
1900 6 21 7, 511 16,137 37,908 21,771
Picture frames; Venetian
1039 »4 36 31,722
82, 572
155,984
73, 412
Plnning-mill products 10........ 1939 8 136 167,037 414, 023 740,805 326,182
1919 8 135 118,717 422,916 612,906 189, 900
1909 8 254 109,647 97,459 281,325 183,866
1899 3 35 22,000 42,000 91,000 49,000
Printing, publishing, and al-
Newspaper publishing and
printing, or publishing
Periodical publishing and
printing, or publishing
1939 50 783 880,421 903,970 4,147,337 3,183,361
1019 49 576 407,055 349, 058 1,338,955 980,897
1909 37 319 146,830 98,484 434, 779 336,295
1899 10 132 22,000 33,000 200,000 167,000
1939 28 673 638,178 570,920 2,928, 138 2, 357,218
1939 6 8 5,293 19,001 42, 073 23,072
Book publishing and printing,
or publishing only;
job printing; lithographing;
photo-engraving— 1939 25 203 238,950 374,055 1,177,126 803,071
1939 3 7 8,492
1930 3 3
1, 839
19, 528
8, 592
45,766
20,347
26,238
11,755
Steel, structural; iron and
nonferrous castings; machine-shop
products........... 1939 12 6 78 97,439 132, 708 316, 214 183,506
I Value of products less cost of materials, etc., fuel, and purchased electric energy.
8 Jewelry, 6 establishments; silverware, 1; electroplating, 1.
0 Picture frames, 3 establishments; Venetian blinds, 1. .
10 Products of planing mills not operated in conjunction with sawmills.
II Book publishing and printing, or publishing only, 21 establishments; job printing, 1; lithographing, 1;
photoengraving, 2.
12 Steel, structural, 4 establishments; iron and nonferrous castings, 1; machine-shop products, 1.

9 2 4 outlying territo ries and d o sse ssio n s
No. 917.— H a w a ii— MANtnrACTURES, b y I n d u s t r i e s : 1899 t o 1939— Con.
I N D U S T IW
Census
year
Number
of
establishments
Wage
earners
(average
for
the
year)
Wages
Cost of
materials,
etc., fuel,
and electric
energy
Value of
products
Value
added by
manufacture
i-
Stone products; lime; pottery;
concrete products__ 1939 is 7 122
Dollars
107, 366
Dollars
440,146.
Dollars
810,871
Dollars
370,725
Wood products, not elsewhere
classified.................. 1939 8 95 50,826 37, 305 108, 576 71,211
All otter industries........... 1939 h 46 1,407 1,081,672 11,996,425 17,376, 341 5,379,916
1919 245 2,636 2,361, 687 21,098, 930 28, 157,119 7, 058,189
1909 273 1,450 710,624 5,170,104 7,774,880 2, 604,776
1899 126 975 637, 000 2,272, 000 3,510,000 1,238,000
i Value of products less cost of materials, etc., fuel, and purchased electric energy,
13 Stone products, 2 establishments; liino, 2; pottery, 1; concrete products, 2.
14 Boats, building, and repairing 5 establishments; brooms, 2; butter and cheese, 3; canned tuna, 3; caskets,
1; cushions, pillows, and quilts, 1; drugs, medicines, perfumes, 3; insulation board, 1; lighting fixtures, 1;
machinery, farm, 1; machinery, sugar-mill, 1; mats, 1; meat packing, sausage manufacturing. 4; paper goods,
5; prepared feeds, 1; rice cleaning and polishing, 2; skirts, hula, 1; suitcases and trunks, 1; tin cans, 7; vegetable
oils and sirups, 2. Figures for these industries are combined to avoid disclosing the data reported by
individual establishments.
Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Fifteenth Census Reports, Outlying Territories
and Possessions; Sixteenth Census preliminary releases.

APPENDIX
UNITED STATES UNITS WITH M ETRIC EQUIVALENTS
1 lnch=2.540 centimeters.
1 foot=0,30-18 meter.
1 yard=0.9144 meter.
1 mile=1.609 kilometers.
1 square yard=0.8361 square meter.
1 aere-=0.4047 hectare.
1 square mile=2.690 square kilometers.
1 cubio inch=16.39 cubic centimeters.
1 cubic foot: -0.02833 cubic meter.
1 cubio yard=0).70-1(1 cubic meter.
1 liquid quart=0.0403 liter.
1 callon=231 cubic inohos=3.786 liters.
1 bushel (measured) =2,160.4 cubic inchos=35.24 liters.
1 avoirdupois ounce=28.36 grams.
1 troy ounce-=31.10 grams.
1 pound=0.4536 kilogram.
1 long ton=2,240 pounds=l.0160 metric tons of 1,000 kilograms.
1 short ton=2,000 pounds=0.9072 metric ton.
UNITED STATES GALLON AND BUSHEL W ITH B R ITISH EQUIVALENTS
I United States gallon =231 cubio inchcs=0.S331 Imperial gallon.
1 United States busbel=2,150.4 cubic inches=0.9694 imperial bushel.
OFFICIAL WEIGHTS OF THE BARREL OF NONLIQUID PRODUCTS
>Except as noted in the tables.
OFFICIAL WEIGHTS OF THE UNITED STATES BUSHEL
Rough rice____ _____________________________ ______________________________
Mfilfi
.
Pounds
196 88.90
600 226.80
200 90.72
200 90.72
376 170.65
Pounds
Kilograins
Kilograms
60 27,22
m 25. 60
48 21.77
57 25. 86
45 20.41
24 16.42
82 14.51
22 0.98
60 22.68
APPROXIMATE WEIGHT OF PETROLEU M AND PRODUCTS
In th e U n ited S ta tes petroleum and its products are m easured b y bulk, not
w eig h t. W hether handled in containers or w ith o u t th e m th e qu antities are custom
arily reduced to th e equivalent of barrels of 42 U n ite d S tates gallons (barrel
th u s equals 158.984 liters). In m any foreign countries th ese com m odities are
m easured b y w eight. T he specific g ravity of th e d ifferen t grades of crude petroleu
m and of th e finished products varies m a teria lly . O n th e basis of approxim ate
averages th e D ep artm en t of Commerce in convertin g foreign w eight sta tistics
to gallon s or barrels of 42 gallons uses th e fa cto rs sh o w n in th e follow ing table:
WEIGHT OF UNITED
STATES GALLON
Pounds
WEIGHT OF BATUIEI
OF 42 GALLONS
Kilograms
Pounds Kilograms
Orudo petroleum________________________ _______________ 7.3 3.311 306.6 139.07
Lubricating oils------------- ----------------------------------------------- 7.0 3.175 294.0 133.30
Illuminating oils (kerosene)..................................................... 0.6 2.994 277,2 125.74
Gasoline and related products (motor spirit, benzine, etc.)__.» 0.1 2,767 256,2 116.21
Fuel and gas oils._____ ____________ ____ __________ 7.7 3.493 323.4 146.69
925

INDEX
Abrasives:
Foreign trade................................................546, 601
Manufacture, summary................................. “24
Mines and quarries.......... ........................... mO, 7G1
Production............................................. — 705,706
Acceptances, bald by banks.................... 251,201,263
Interest rates on__________ 203
Accident and sick benefit insurance................ 1
Accidents and fatalities:
At sea........................ 487
Automobile_____________ 80,421-423
In metal mines, quarries, etc......................... =01
Motorbus.................... — ................. 454
Railway_________________ 86,445,446,449
Trolley-bus...................................................— 453
Acids:
Foreign trade____________ .____ 625,567,580,608
Production.......................... : .. 840
Wholesale prices.............................. 827
Acquisition of territory by the United States. 1
Acreage, farm: . „ „„„
According to use, by States........................ 638,630
By tenure of operator.................................. 647
By color and tenure of operator.................... 044
' By States____.____________________ 650-052
By crop losses........................................... — 605
By crops___________________________ 696,697
By size of farms............................................ - 642
By States, su m m ary.._______ ________ 636,637
By tenure of operator, by States............... 046,048
Summary...... ...................... 634
Adding and calculating machines, etc.:
Exports.................... 661
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 844
Production, value....................................... 852
Summary..................................................... 831
Aden, trade with United S tates....................510,611
Adjusted compensation awards................. — 166
Adjusted service certificate fund___ 170,171,176,177
Advertising agencies:
Billboard service......................... — 887
Employment, pay rolls, and average weekly
wago................. 348
Persons employed......................................... 68
Summary........................................................ 802
Advertising agents........................................... 67
Aeronautics, civil (see also Aviators)......................... . 467
Africa:
Immigration and emigration............... 101,102,104
Shipments through United States................ 014
Trade with United States.. . . 471,502-507,512,518
Ago of population. See under Population,
Agents. See Brokers and agents.
Agricultural Adjustment Administration:
Expenditures for................................... 109,172,175
Rental and benefit payments to farmers.. 008,009
Taxes................ 179
Agricultural corporations, income-tax returns...........................
193,195,190,199,200,202,204
Agricultural credit agencies................... 278-284,280
Agricultural implements and machinery:
Farm expenditures for.................................... 001
Foreign trade........................................ 501,502,007
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings...................... 336
Corporation income-tax returns................. 190
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Persons employed................................. 68,06,831
Production.......... ................ 862,864
Summary.................................. 831
Revenue freight carried by railroads....................... 443
Value of, on farms............... 034,641
Wholesale prices................... 327
Indexes....................... 324
Wholesale trade______ _______ 872
Agricultural loans:
Pago
By commercial banks........................... 261,258, 263
By Farm Credit Administration agencies. 278-284
Mortgage loans on farms...................... 320,063-056
Agricultural marketing fund.............................. 278
Agricultural products (see also Crops anil
individual products):
Farm income from................................ .. 008-671
Foreign trade......................................... 502,673-675
Dutiable imports and duties...................... 019
Export indexes................. 074
Exportable goods and proportion exported...............
488
Indexes of not volume of production.......... 672
Prices:
Farm indexes.................. 322,672,073
Wholesale..................................... 326
Indexes-........................................... 323,324,673
Processing tax o n ............................. ..........109,174
Purchased and sold through farmers’
organisations...................... 660,607
Revenue freight carried by railroads____ 440,441
Wholesale trade........................ 871,873,874
Agriculture (see also Farms, agricultural
products, etc.):
Contribution to national income.............. — 316
Porsons engaged in........................... 67-69,61
Rental and benefit payments by A. A, A .. 068,669
Vocational training in.................... 118,124,126,127
Air Mail Service........................................ 391,467
Air transportation (see also Aviators)....... ....... 467
Aircraft:
Civil aeronautics, Summary.......................... 467
Foreign trado............................... 664,607
Manufacture:
Avorage hours and earnings.......... ............. 336
Corporation incomo-tax roturns................. 197
Indoxos of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Production................................................ 852,858
Summary........................................-............ 833
Wholesale trade......................... 873
Alaska:
Area and date of accession.............................. 1,2
Banks............................................................. 260,262
Building and loan associations............... 272
Climatic conditions......................................... 148
Educational statistics___ 109-112,110-120,126,127
Employment services.................... 300-362,304,365
Fedora! grants for administration.............. 383
Federal Housing Administration.................. 276
Fishery products.......................................... 752-766'
Homo Owners’ Loan Corporation................. 276
Internal revenue.-............ 180,184,186,187,190-192
Manufactures............................... 921
Mineral products............................ 703,776,778,781
National forests.................. 741
National parks and monuments......... 010,012,913
Old-age Insurance........................ 369
Population.......................................... 2,6,11,21,918
Postal savings and postal sorvico........ 273,392,393
Publte assistance..........................................— 383
Public lands.................... 129-131,133,134
Railroads....................... 426,448
Trado............................................... 614,615,619-621
Unemployment compensation............. 372-376,383
Water power, developed and potential......... 411
Albania, trado with United States................ 510,511
Immigration and oraigration....................... 102,104
Alcohol (see also Liquors, etc.):
Foreign trade____________________ 567,608,862
Production__________ —.......... 840,862,863
Materials used...... .................................. — 863
Wholesale prices..... ........................... 327
Alfalfa hay:
Acreage, production, and value of irrigated
crop.......................................... - 626,031
Revenue frolght carried by railroads---------- 441
927

928 INDEX
Alfalfa seed:
p «Se
Acreage, production, and value______ 096
Irrigated crop............. ■.................... ........ 626,631
Farm income from__ ______ „ 669
Foreign trade.......... . .................................... 631,589
Algeria, trade with "United States.......... 470,512,613
Aliens. See Immigration.
Almonds:
Im ports........................... 584
Production and value_____________ 697
Aluminum and manufactures:
Average hours and earnings................ _........ 336
Foreign trade................ ............. .......... 552,604,775
Indexes of employment and pay rolls__________ 344
Production...................... 764,775
Summary........................................ 830
Wholesale prices......................_.................. 326,757
Aluminum compounds:
Exports........................... 668
Production..................... . ...................... 847
American Railway Express Go., summary of
operations..................................... ... _.......... 447
American Samoa. See Samoa, American.
American Telephone and Telegraph Co.
(Bell system).......... ................... 394,396
Ammonia and ammonia compounds:
Foreign trade.................. 568,569,609,610
Production................... 846,847
Wholesale prices.................... 327
Ammunition (see also Explosives):
Foreign trade.......................... 474,475,572,610
Manufacture, summary.................................. 820
Amusement corporations, income-tax returns. 197
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, trade with United
States..................... 471
Animal oils and fats. See Oils, animal.
Animal products (see also individual products
and Animals and products):
Cold-storage holdings.................... - ............... 690
Consumption.............................. 685
Farm income from.........................................668,669
Foreign trade- 474,475,521-525, 575-581, 673,674,685
Indexes of farm prices................ 672
Manufacture................. 805
Production........................ .................... 685,686,694
Rovenue freight carried by railroads....................... 442
Wholesale prices...........................- ............ 325,684
Indexes....................................................... 324,684
Animals and products:
Farm income from...... .............. 668-670
Revenue freight carried by railroads____ 440-442
Animals, domestic (see also individual classes)'.
Car loadings of.............................................. 444
Farm income from......................... 668,669
Foreign trade.............. 475,521, 525, 575, 581,673,674
Grazing in national forests.-...................... 742
Inspected and slaughtered................... 084,085,694
Number and value of farm......... 634,641,676-679
By states............................ ............... 041,678,679
Prices:
Farm .............................. 682,683
Indexes.................................. 672
Wholesale............................................ 325,682-684
Indexes................................. 324,684
Receipts and shipments at stockyards___ 681,682
Revenue freight carried by railroads...................... 441
Wholesale trade....................................... ....... 871
Annuities. See Pensions, annuities, retirement
pay.
Annulments. See Divorces and annulments.
Antarctic Region, trade with United States... 471
Antimonial lead, production.......................... 704,778
Antimony;
Imports......... —_______________ 605
Production..................... -......... 764
Wholesale prices............................................. 757
Apparel:
Commercial failures of wholesalers and retailers____________________
_________ _ 312
Corporation income-tax returns.............................- . 193,
105, 196, 199,200,203
Indexes of sales of chain stores...................... 886
Retail trade................ 876-878,880,881
Wholesale trade..................................... 871,873-875
Apples:
Canned and dried....................... .................... 738
Farm income from______________ 669
Foreign trade........................................ 527,528,583
Apples—Continued.
•Pase
Prices, farm................ -........................................ 722
W holesale.......................... 325
Production and value............................. 697,721,722
Ofirrigated crop.......................................... 626,631
Appropriations for N ational P ark Service. 917
A p rico ts:
C a n n e d a n d d r ie d ................... 738
E x p o rts ................................. 528
P ro d u c tio n a n d v a l u e . . .......................... 697
O f irrig a te d c ro p ........................................................ 631
A ra b ia , tra d e w ith U n ite d S ta te s .............. 471,510,511
A rc h ite c tu re , s tu d e n ts i n ............................................. 118
A re a of U n ite d S ta te s a n d o u tly in g T e rrito rie s
a n d possessio n s.................... - ---------------------------- 1,2
A rg e n tin a :
F o re ig n ex chango r a t e s ......................................... 291,292
S h ip m e n ts th ro u g h U n ite d S t a t e s ................... 014
T ra d e w ith U n ite d S ta te s ................. 471,507-509,774
A rm e n ia , d e b t to U n ite d S ta te s ........ ...................... 209
A rm y p e rs o n n e l........................................... - ................. 149,157
A rro w ro o t. See T a p io c a , e tc .
A rso n io u s oxide, p r o d u c tio n ..................... - ............... 765
A r t goods, m a n u fa c tu re , s u m m a r y ......................... 826
A r t w o rk s, fo reig n t r a d e .......................... 573,612
A rtic h o k e s, acreag e, p ro d u c tio n , a n d v a l u e . . . 720
A rtis ts ' m a te ria ls , m a n u fa c tu re , s u m m a r y — 835
A sbesto s:
F o re ig n t r a d e . .................................. - ..................... 546,601
M a n u fa c tu re , s u m m a r y .............................. . . . 824
M in e s ........... ....................... ......................................... 700,761
P ro d u c tio n ....................................................................... 765
A sia;
Im m ig ra tio n a n d e m ig ra tio n ........... 101,102,104,105
S h ip m e n ts th ro u g h U n ite d S ta te s ........ ............. 614
T r a d e w ith U n ite d S ta t e s ____ 471, 502-507, 510-513
A sp a rag u s:
A creage, p r o d u c tio n , a n d v a lu e ............................ 720
C a n n e d ............................................................................... 738
E x p o r t s .____ ______________ 527
A sp h a lt:
F o re ig n tr a d e _____________ 474,475, 544,646, 599,796
M in e s a n d q u a r r ie s .—. — .................................. .. 760,761,
P ro d u c tio n ................................................. 765,793,794,796
R e v e n u e fre ig h t c a rrie d b y r a ilr o a d s ................. 442
A sses a n d b u rro s, o x p o r t s . . . . . . ................................ 525
A ssessed v a lu a tio n of p r o p e r t y _________ 219,236,237
A th le tic goods. See S p o rtin g , e tc ., g o o d s.
A u stra lia , tra d e w ith U n ite d S t a t e s .................... 471,
507,512, 513, 774
Im m ig ra tio n a n d e m ig ra tio n ....................101,102,104
A u stria , d e b t to U n ite d S ta te s .................................. 209
Im m ig ra tio n a n d e m ig ra tio n .................... 101,102,104
T ra d e w ith U n ite d S ta te s ......................................510,511
A u to m o b ile in s u ra n c e ................. -301
A u to m o b ile serv ic e a n d r e p a ir e s ta b lis h m e n ts . 888
A u to m o b ile tire s a n d in n e r tu b e s:
F o re ig n tr a d e ............................................... 530,586
M a n u fa c tu re :
A v erag e h o u r ly w a g e r a te s p a id c o m m o n
la b o r............................................................................ 339
A v erag e h o u rs a n d e a rn in g s .......... .................... 337
In d e x e s of e m p lo y m e n t a n d p a y r o lls .......... 343
P r o d u c tio n ................................................................... 850
S u m m a ry ..................................................................— 823
W h o lesale p ric e s______________ 327
In d ex o s............................................... 324
W h o lesale tr a d o ......................................... 871
A u to m o b ile s. See M o to r v e h ic le s.
A u to m o tiv e p r o d u c ts (see also M o to r v e h ic le s,
a u to m o b ile tire s , e tc .):
R e ta il tr a d o ....................................................... 876-878
W h o lesale tr a d e ................................................ 871,873-875
A v ia to rs, n u m b e r ........................................................... 67,457
A w n in g s, te n ts , sa ils, e te ., m a n u f a c tu r e , s u m ­
m a r y ............................................. 814
A zores a n d M a d e ira Is la n d s , tr a d e w ith
U n ite d S t a t e s - . . . .......................................................510,511
B a b b i tt m e ta l a n d so ld e r, fo reig n t r a d e .......... 553,605
B acon:
F o re ig n tr a d e .......................................... 521,575
P ric e s, e x p o rt................................. 333
R e ta il___________________ 332
B ag s, fo re ig n t r a d e .............................................. 537,543,601
M a n u fa c tu re , s u m m a r y ...................... 814,818
B a h a m a Is la n d s , tr a d e w ith U n ite d S ta te s___ 470

Bakeries:
Page
Employees.... ...................................... 02,63,65,806
Indexes of employment and pay rolls---------------- 313
Retail trado________________ -... 878
Summary.................. ...................................... 806
Union wage rates................................... 351
Bakers.................... 62
Bakery products:
Foreign trade—............................................ 626,681
Manufacture, summary................................. 806
Retail prices.................................................... 332
Indexes........................................................ 331
Wholesale prices.............................................. 825
Baking powdor, yeast, etc.:
Exports..................................... - 627,666
Manufacture, summary............................ 820
Balance of International payments.................. 486
Bananas, imports................. 683
Retail prices........... -......................—............. 332
"Wholesale prices.............................................. 326
Bankers, brokers, and money londers.............. 67
Banks:
All active banks:
Assets and liabilities............................... 266-260
Loans and investments, by doss.......................... 268
Savings deposits and depositors................. 200
All reporting banks, assets and liabilities.. . 265
Banks for cooperatives:
Assets and liabilities...............-.................. 286
Loans and discounts......................... 278,279,282
Clearings.......................................................... 287
Debits to individual accounts.-................ 288-200
Employees and pay roll................................. ,265
Failures of....... ........... 266
Federal home loan banks, assets and liabilitie
s.......................................................... 277,280
Federal intermediate credit banks:
Assets and liabilities................................ 283,286
Loans and discounts......................... 278,279,283
Reconstruction Finance Corporation loans
to................................................................ 285
Federal land hanks:
Assets and liabilities................................ 281,280
Expenditures for...................................... 170,174
Loans and discounts............................. 278-281
Reconstruction Finance Corporation loans
to................. -...................... 285
Foderal Reserve banks.............. 243-260
Assets and liabilities..................... 243,244
Bills bought........................ -................... 243,248
Bills discounted................................. 243,246,248
Branches, volume of operations................. 248
Discount rates...................... 240,247
Earnings.................................- ................ 247,260
Gold certificate fund................................... 249
Industrial advances and commitments__ 240
Intordistrict settlement fund.......... 249,250
Money held by banks and agents.............. 242
Profit and loss statement......................... 260
Reserves and reserve ratio.............. 243,244
United States securities held by..... 243,245
Volume of operations................................. 248
Federal Reserve System member banks.. 251-256
Assets and liabilities............................... 252-264
Dividends and earnings.................. 266
Failures of........................................... 266
Loans and investments, by classes...... 281-256
Reserve with Federal Reserve banks... 262-264
Income tax returns.................. 197
Insured banks, assets and liabilities______ 270
Insured and noninsured banks, number and
deposits............................. 270,271
Joint-stock land banks:
Assets and liabilities................................... 281
Corporation income-tax returns..............— 197
Loans.................. 282
Loans to, by Reconstruction Finance Corporation..............
286
Loans to, by Reconstruction Finance Corporation—....................
286
M utual savings banks. See Savings banks.
National banks:
Assets and liabilities_________ 266,269,261,262
By States.................................... 262
Corporation income-tax returns................ 197
Deposits.................... -............... 266,259,261,262
Savings...... ........................................ 267,269
Dividends and earnings.......................— 266,263
Employees and pay roll. .......... 266
INDEX 929
Banks—Continued.
Pago
National banks—Continued.
Failures of-............................... 266
F. H. A. loans by...................... :_____ 274
Fiduciary activities................... 264
Loans and investments....... 251,266,269,261-264
Note circulation........................................... 266
Private banks:
Assets and liabilities............................... 257-259
Employees and pay roll................... 265
Savings doposlts and depositors.................. 269
Savings banks:
Assets and liabilities................................. 257,259
Deposits and depositors___ 267,269,267,209,270
Employees.................................................... 265
F. H. A. loans by__________ 274
Savings deposits in all banks...................... 267-269
State banks:
Assets and liabilities................. 257,259
Deposits and depositors............ 257,259,267.269
Employees and pay roll.............................. 285
F. H. A. loans by......................................... 274
Loans and investments............................ — 251
Barbados, trade with United S tates............ 60S, 509
Barbershops............................................. 887
Barito, mines.................................................... 760,761
Production............................ 765
Barley:
Acreage losses.. ............................................... 608
Acreage, production, and value........... 696,700,713
Of irrigated crop........................................ 626,631
Consumption in flour mills...................... 737
Farm income from.................................... — 869
Foreign trade............................................... 520,682
Prices, [arm................................................... 700,713
Wholesale.................. 325,780
Eeoeipts at Atlantic ports............................... 735
Barrels, drums, and kegs, steel, imports__________ 603
Manufacture, summary................................. 828
Basalt, mines or quarries............................... 780-762
Sales......................................................................— . 708
Baskets and rattan and wlllowware, Imports. 697
Manufacture, summary................... 817
Bathtubs, lavatories, eto., exports________ 646,650
Batteries, exports.................... 664
Production._____ _____ 853
Battlefield sites, National..........................910,913,914
Bauxite:
Foreign trade____________________ 552,604,775
Mines___________ 761
Production_________ 764,776
Beads and head ornaments, Imports________ 613
Beans:
Acreage losses................................ 696
Acreage, production, and value_____ 696,702,720
Of irrigated crop....................... ................ 826,631
Canned............................ 738
Farm prices_______ 702
Farm Income from.......................... 069
Foreign trade................................................ 527,682
Beauty and barber shop equipment, etc.,
manufacture, summary_____ __________ 835
Wholesale trade_____________ 873
Beauty parlors.___ ___________ 887
Beef:
Cold-storage holdings________ 090
Consumption-_____ ________ 686
Foreign trade............... —............. 521,576,085
Prices, retail__________________________ 332
Wholesale.................................. -........ — 325,084
Indexes___________ 084
Production___ _____ 686,694
Beer. See Malt liquors and Liquors, fermented,
etc.
Beet pulp, imports_______________________ 582
Production________ 739
Beet sugar. See Sugar.
Beets (see also Sugar beets):
Acreage, production, and value___________ 720
Canned______________________________ 738
Belgian Oongo, trade with United States.___ 471,
512,613
Belgium, debt to United States................ 209
Foreign exchange rates........................... 291,292
Immigration and emigration________ 101,102,104
Shipments through United States.......................... 614
Trado with United States------- ---------- 470
507,510,611,731,774

9 3 0 INDEX
Page
Bell Telephone System......................... ........ 394,390
Belting:
Foreign trade.......................... 525,530,636,586,591
Leather, manufacture, summary.................. 823
Rubber, production....................................... 860
Bormuda, trade with United States___ 470,507-509
Berries:
Acreage, production, and value.-.............. 697,720
Of Irrigated crop........ ......................... ........ 631
Canned_______________ 738
Farm income from........ ................................ 669
Foreign trade.............................................. 528,583
Bevcrago factories (see also Beverages, nonalcoholic,
and Liquors, etc.):
Average hours and earnings......................... 337
Indox of production................. 804
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................... 343
Persons employed i n . . . .......... 03,65,807,808
Summary..................... 807,808
Beverages, nonalcoholic:
Foreign trade........................... 474,475,629,686,674
Retail price indoxeB.................... 331
Manufacture, summary................................. 807
Production and tax-paid withdrawals.................... 852
Manufacture, summary................................. 817
Bradstreet’s wholesale price index................... 828
Rovenuo freight carried by railroads...................... 443 Bran, imports.....................-.............................. 582
Bicycle repair shops..................... 888 Production........................ 737
Bicycles, motoroycles, and parts:
Wholesale prices........ -.............................— 827
Exports............................................................ 664 Brands, stencils, and band stamps, manufacture,
summary.................-......................... 836
Manufacture, summary.....................—........ 833
Production................................................... 852,858 Brandy, fruit (see also Liquors), etc,, production,
tax-paid withdrawals, and Imports___ 862
Retail trado..........................-......................... 878
Billiard and pool parlor keepers....................... 69 Brass, bronze, and copper products:
Billiard tables, bowling alloys, etc.;
Foreign trade.................. 552,553,005
Exports...............................-........................... 572 Manufacture:
Manufacture, summary................................ 817 Avorage hours and earnings....................... 336
Birds, Imported................................... 581 Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 344
Births and birth rates. See under Vital
Persons omployed........................................ 04,65
statistics.
Production...................... 779
Blackberries and dewberries, acreage, production,
and value.............— ............ 097 Foreign exchange rates................................ 291,292
Brazil, trade with United States__ 471,607-509,774
Blackings, stains, and dressings, exports------- 567 Shipments through United States................ 014
Manufacture, summary.................................. 820 Bread (see also Bakery products):
Blacksmith shops............................................... 888 Foreign trado.................. 526,681
Blacksmiths, number........................ -.............. 62 Retail pricos.................-................. 332
Blankets:
Wholesale prloos............................................ 326
Foreign trado......................................... 530,590,593 Brick:
Production________ 842,843 Foreign trado.................................... 646,601
Wholesale pricos.............. 327 Production.—................................... 799,800
Blast furnaces, See Iron and steel.
Revonuo freight carried by railroads...................... 443
Blind persons:
Wholesale prices.............................................. 327
Number........................................................... 82 Brick, tile, and terra-cotta products:
Public assistance for....................... — 878-381,383 Foreign trade..................... 546,601
Schools for...................................... ..............122,123 Manufacture:
Blouses, women’s and misses’, manufacture, Average hourly wage rates paid common
summary........................................... 813 labor.......................................................... 339
Bluing, manufacture, sum m ary............ .......... 820 Average hours and earnings........................ 330
Boarding and lodging house keepers________ 70 Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................... 343
Boots. See Merchant marine and Navy Persons omployod.................................. 63,65,825
vessels.
Production................................................ 799,800
Boiler shops, summary....................................
Summary........................................... 825
Bolivia, trade with United S tates............... 507-509 Wholesale prieo indexes............... ............... 324,907
Bond-issue proposals voted on in State and Wholesale trade.......................................... 872
city elections............................................... 223, __ Bricklayers and stonemasons:
Bonds guaranteed by United States............... 211 Number................................................. 62
Bonds, prices, yields, sales, and issues......... 304-""" Union wage rates............................................. 353
Bone blaok, carbon black, and lampblack:
Indexes...................................................... 849,350
Exports............................................. ............. British Africa, trado with United States................... 471,
Manufacture, summary_____________ 820
507.512.613.774
Production.............................. 848 British East Indies, trade with Unltod Statos.. 471,
Bones, hoofs, and horns, imports............... 581
607.510.611.774
Book and Job printing:
British Guiana, trade with United States....... 471,
Average hours and earnings. ......................... 337
608.509
Indexes of employment and pay rolls..................... 343 British Honduras, trado with United Statos.. 470,
Products and receipts............................... 861
Summary_______________ 819
Union wage rates________ 353
Indexes___ _____________ —......... 361,362
Bookbinding and blank-hook making, summary_______
819
Books, otc.:
Foreign trado................................... ............ 673,612
In college and university libraries________ 120
Printing and publishing.................. 861
Retail trade.................................. 878
Wholesale trado................ 873
Boots and shoes:
Foreign trade................................... ..... 524,530,579
Boots and shoes—Continued.
Fage
Manufacture:
Corporation income-tax returns........ ........ 196
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 343
Persons employed............. 64,65,823
Production_______ - ....................... 844,850
Summary----------- 823
Retail trade— -------------------- 877,878,881
Wholesale pricos..................... 326
Indexes.................... 324
Wholesale trade.............—....................... 871
Borates, production................... 765
Borneo, trado with United States.................... 471
Boulder Canyon Project, expenditures for.. 160,170
Financial statement—.................................... 625
Boxes, paper:
Foreign trade.................... 643,699
Manufacture:
Avorage hours and earnings....................... 337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 843
Persons employed................................ 64,05,818
Summary....................... —.......................... 818
Boxes, wooden, Imports.................................... 597
508.509
British India, See India.
British Malaya, trado with United States.. 471,607,
610.511.774
British Oceania, trado with Unltod States.. 512,613
British West Indios, trade with United States. 470,
608.600.774
Aliens deported to..................... 105
Brokers and agonts:
Employment and pay rolls................. 302,803,348
Number.............................. 67
Wholesale trado____________ _________ 870,874
Brokers’ loans................................... 261,268,263,306
Bromino production______ _______________ 765

Broomcorn:
Page
Acreage, production, and value.......................
Exports...........—................. 532
Brooms:
Exports........................................................... 532
Manufacture, summary................................. 836
Persons employed in Industry------------ 64,66,836
Brushes:
Eoroign trade.................. ........................... 674,613
Manufacture, summary............... 836
Persons employed in industry________ 64,66,836
Buckwheat:
Acreage, production, and value________ 696,700
Consumed in flour mills___ ____________ 137
Exports___________ ------ 626
Farm income from,____ _______________ 069
Farm prices........................................ ......... 700
Flour manufactured..................................... 737
Building and loan associations:
Employees and pay roll..................................... 303
Failures of................................-..................... 271
F. H. A. loans by........................................... 274
Loans to, by Reconstruction Finance Corporation......................
— 286
Number, membership, assets, and loans,. 272,277
Building construction and trades:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor............................................................ 339
Average hours and earnings.......................... 338
Industrial and commercial failures..............311,312
Union wage rates.............. 353
Indexes.............. 349-351
Building materials:
Cost of, used in construction............... 904,906,907
Foreign trade___________________ 474,475
Retail trade.......................................... 876-878,881
Wholesale prices—........... — 327
Indexes.............................................. 323,324,907
Wholesale trade.......................................... 872-876
Building operations....................................... 893-907
Buildings. See Building operations and
Residential buildings.
Bulgaria:
Foreign exchange rates................. 291
Immigration and emigration............... 101,102,104
Trade with United States................... 470,610,611
Bunker coal for vessels in foreign trade.. 544,785,786
Bunker oil for vessels in foreign trade.......... 544,791
Burglary and theft insurance....................... 301
Burlap, imports............................................. 494,591
Import prices.................................................. 336
Burma, trade with United States_____ 507,510,611
Bus transportation:
Electric railway operations........................ 453-450
Employment, pay rolls, and average weekly
wages........................................................... 348
Public and private carriers........................ 454-456
Trolley-bus lines, summary........................... 453
Business concerns, number.............................310,313
Business failures..............................................310-313
Business-license taxes..............................215,210,222
Busses, motor:
Foreign trado............................................... 663,607
Number operated...................................... 454,450
Production...................................................... 858
Busses, trolley, numbor...................... 453
Butter (see also Dairy products):
Cold-storage holdings.................................. 687,690
Foreign trado............................................... 522,576
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 343
Milk utilized.................................. 688
Production in factories.............. 686,687,691,694
Production on farms................ 686,691
Summary................................. 805
Prices:
Export......... — .......................................... 333
Farm...................-............................ 687
Retail................................................ 332
Wholesale......................................... 325,684,087
Indexes..................... 684
Receipts at leading markets.............. 687
Revenue freight carried by railroads...................... 442
Buttcrfat..............-....................... 686,687
Buttons:
Foreign trado............................................... 573,613
Manufacture, summary................................. 835
Persons employed in industry_______ 64,66,836
INDEX 931
Page
Cabbage, acreage, production, and value------ 720
Retail prices..................................... - .............. 632
Oablo systems.................. “99
Cable transfers, exchange rates.................... - 291,292
Cadmium, production............................... 164
Calcium-magnesium chloride production------ 705
Calculating machines, etc.:
Exports.................... “61
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls------ 344
Production, value...........-................... 852
Summary............. ........................ 831
Call money. Interest rates, New Y o rk ....----- 293
Calves:
Farm Income from........................ 669
Inspected and slaughtered-------------------- 684,094
Number and value of, on farms---------------- 677
Prices:
Farm______ ____________________ 682,683
Wholesale............................................... - 682, 683
Receipts at stockyards....................-.......... 081,082
Revenue freight carried by railroads........................ 441
Oameroons, trade w ith United States.............. 471
Canada:
Capital Issues................................................... 309
Foreign exchange rates................— ........... 291,292
Immigration and emigration................101,102,105
Shipments through United S tates.......................... 014
Trade with United States---- 471, 607-509, 731, 774
Canal Zone:
Area, dateof accession, and population. 1,2,918,920
Banks................... 200
Educational statistics........-................. 100-112,116
Federal Housing Administration- - ........— 276
Trade with United States---------------- 470
Canals, freight carried___ ________ — 460-462,466
New York State........................................... 400,482
Panama (see also Panama)------ --------------- 466
Principal........................................ 462
St. Marys Falls...... ..................................... 401,462
Canary Islands, trade with United States___ 470,
512,513
Candles, exports.............................. 674
Manufacture, summary................................. 820
Candy and candy stores. See Confectionery.
Cane (sugar):
Acreage, production, yield per aero, and
value............................................. 090,098,723-726
Farm income from............................... 009
Cane sugar. See Sugar.
Canes. See Umbrellas and canes.
Canned goods (see also Canning and preserving
industry):
Foreign trade........................... 521, 627, 628,575,583
Prioes:
Of Alaska salmon......................................... 750
Retail............................................................. 332
Indexes....................................................... 331
Wholesale...................................................... 325
Production..................................... 094,738,754-756
Revenue freight carried by railroads............. 443
Wholesale trade............................................... 872
Canning and preserving Industry:
Average hours and earnings........................... 337
Corporation income-tax returns..................... 196
Indexes of employment and pay rolls...................... 343
Persons employed............................. 63,05,805,800
Products............... 694,738,754-756
Summary---- ----------------------- 805, 806
Cantaloups, acreage, production, and value..- 720
Capital issuos................................................ 308-310
Capital stock:
Dividends on................................. 181-184,198-201
Of all corporations................ 202,203
Of railroads__________ 431,432
Taxes on............... 178,179
Car and railroad shops:
Persons employed..................................... 62,63,05
Car loadings, railway........................ 444
Carbon and manufactures, foreign trade___ 647,601
Production, value........................— --------- 853
Carbon black, bone black, etc.:
Exports........................................— _______ 608
Manufacture, summary..................... 820
Production-------- -------- 848
Carbon paper and Inked ribbon, exports------- 672
Manufacture, summary_____ ____________ 835
Cargo tonnage. See Tonnage.

932 INDEX
Carpenters:
Page
Number............................................ -........... . 62
Union wage rates_____ _________ 353
Indexes........................................................ 319
Carpets and mgs (see aZso Rug-cleaning establishments):
Foreign trade...................... 537,694
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings . . .................... 337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 343
Persons employed................................. 64, 66,808
Production.--............ ................... 843
Summary................... „....... 808
Wholesale prices............................ - ............... 327
Carriages, wagons, etc.:
Exports..........................—................... 564
Manufacture:
Persons employed...................... .......... 63,65,833
Summary............................-......... 833
Carrots, acreage, production, and value..................... 720
Canned _- ..........._.............................. -- 738
Cars, railway (we also Motor vehicles):
By class....................................42&-428,448, 449,452
Exports......... .................................................. 5G4
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Summary...................................................... 833
Casein, imports.................................................. 581
Production.................................. ............... 686,694
Cash registers, adding machines, etc.:
Exports............................................................ 501
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Production, value....................................... 852
Summary................................. . . . .............. 831
Casings, sausage, foreign trade...................... 622,575
Manufacture, summary................................. 805
Production........... __........................ 694
Casings, tubes, etc. See Tires and tubes.
Caskets, coffins, etc., manufacture, summary..........................................
817
Cassava. See Tapioca, etc.
Cast-iron pipe:
Foreign trade..................................549,603,774
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings............... 336
Indexes of employment and pay rolls___ 344
Production................................................ 769,772
Summary...................................................... 827
Wholesale prices................................ -........... 326
Castor beans, imports................. 587
Casualty, surety, and raise, insurance..........3QQ, 3Q1
Cattle (see also Cows):
Farm income from........................ 669
Foreign trad o....................................... 521, 575, 581
Grazing in national forests....................................... . 742
Inspected and slaughtered______ ______ 684, G94
Number and value, on farms..................... 670-079
Prices, farm.......................- ......................... 682-684
Wholesale......................... 325,682,683
Indexes................................. 684
Receipts and shipments at public stockyards......................................-................
681,682
Revenue freight carried by railroads.................... 441
Cattle feed:
Wholesale prices......................................... 327
Indexes......................... 324
Cauliflower, acreage, production, and value. 720
Celebes, trade with United States.............. 471
Celery, acreage, production, and value___ 720
Cement:
Foreign trade.__ ■____________ 545,600,707
Manufacture:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor............................................... 339
Average hours and earnings................. 337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 343
Production.................... 705,797,798
Summary................................................ 824
Revenue freight carried by railroads....... 443
Shipments, by destinations...................... 797
Stocks.......... . ........ 797
Wholesale prices................. 327
Indexes.......... . .......................................... 324,907
Wholesale trado...............„.............. ............... 872
Gemont finishers and plasterers:
Number...................... ........ 63
Union wage rates..................... . .......... 353
Indexes_________ 349,360
Page
Cemeteries,National................................ 910,915
Central American States, trade with United
States (see also each State).......... 470, 607-609, 774
Immigration and emigration...................... 101,102
Cereal preparations, manufacture, summary. 806
Production.................... 739
Revenue freight carried by railroads....................... 441
Cereals (see also individual cereals):
Acreage, production, and value..................... 698
Of irrigated crop....................................... 626,631
Foreign trado....................................... 626,581
Indexes of retail costs.................................... 331
Indexes of wholesale prices........................... 324
Ceylon, trade with United States..................... 471,
507, 510, 511,774
Chain stores, indexes of value of sales.............. 886
Rotail trade........................................... 879-881
Chalk, imports...............................-.................. 001
Charities, hospitals, and corrections—expenditures
for, by States, cities, etc....................... 214,
215, 219,233,235
Chauffeurs, number................................. 60
Check payments.................................... 288-290
Cheese:
Cold-storage holdings............ ..................... 687,690
Foreign trade................................. -_____ 522,576
Manufacture, summary....................... 805
Milk utilized..................... . ........................ 688
Prices:
E xport......................................................... 333
Im p o rt-..-...................................................- 334
Retail........................................................— 332
Wholesale_________________ 325,684,687
Indexes...................................................... 084
Production............................................ 686,687,694
Receipts at leading markets................. 687
Revenue freight carried by railroads............ 442
Chemicals and allied products:
Foreign trade—................. 474,475,565-570,608-611
Dutiable imports and duties...................... 518
Manufacture:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor...................................................... 339
Average hours and earnings...................... 337
Corporation income-tax returns.....194-196,
109,200,203
Index of production.................. 804
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.. 342,343
Industrial and commercial failures........... 312
Persons employed......................... 63,64,819-822
Products, by classes.............. 846-850
Sales................................................ 806,807
Summary...................................... 819-822
Revenue freight carried by railroads....................... 443
Wholesale prices........................... 327
Indexes........ ............. 323,324
Wholesale trado.................................... 871,873-875
Commercial failures............. 312
Cherries:
Canned............................................................ 738
Farm income from................................... . 669
Foreign trade............................................... 528, 583
Production and value................................ 697,721
Of irrigated crop......................................... 631
Chewing gum:
Exports.................... 529
Manufacturers’ excise taxes........................... 179
Manufacture, summary................................. 806
Chickens (see also Poultry):
Farm income from.......................................... 689
Farm prices.................................................... 689
Indexes......................................................... 672
Number and value, on farms....... 676,677,680,686
Retail prices.................................................... 332
Children (see also Population and Vital statistics,
by age):
Aid to, under Social Security Act. 373-381,383
Exceptional, enrollment in special schools
and classes................................................... 123
Number under institutional caro.................... 81,82
Chile, trade with United States___ 471,507-509,774
Foreign cxchango rates..................... 291,292
Shipments through United States........ ....... 614
China:
Foreign exchange rates............................ . 291,292
Immigration and emigration.................... 101,102
Trade with United States.............................. 471,
507,512,613,731,774

Page
China firing and decorating, summary...........- 825
Chinese, number in United S tates...... 11,13,17,19
Chinese wood (or nut) oil. See Tung oil.
Chocolate and cocoa:
Foreign trade..................... 52fl, 685,732
Manufacture, summary........................ 800
Production................................................. .... 739
Chromite, production........................... 704
Imports---.................................... 804
Churches:
Building permits lor...................................... 899
Expenditures during y ear............................ 72
Number and members.......................... 71
Value of edifices-............................................ 72
Cider and vinegar, manufacture, summary. - - 807
Cigar stores and stands, retail trade_877,878,881
Cigars and cigarettes:
Foreign trade.............................................. 532,689
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings..................... : 337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 314
Loaf tobaooo consumed........................... 861,802
Production, number.................................... 801
Summary...................................... - ............ 834
Taxos on, internal rovonuo......................... — 170
Wholesale prices.............................. .............. 327
Circulation of money............ 240,342
Circulation of newspapers and periodicals----- 851
Cities, principal (see also Oity governments):
Bank olearings............................. 287
Bank debits.................................. 288-290
Boml-issuo proposals voted on___________ 238
Building operations...................... 896-898
Climatic conditions......................... 136-148
Cost-of-living indexes..................... 329
Fatalities caused by motor vehicles_____ 422,423
Federal Reserve member banks.................... 264
Finances......................................... 214,231-239
Financial survoy of urban housing..-........90S, 909
Fire losses.............. 295
Homicides and suicides.................................. — 96
Municipal employees.......................... 224,238,239
Population................. 3,7,22-27,918
Prices of electricity, coal, and gas............. --- 409,
410,787,788,700
Residential structures in 64 cities.................. 907
Taxiovios-................................................... 236,237
Vital statistics................................. 80
Wholesale and retail trade___ _____ 876,884,885
Citizens, arrivals and departures..........105,100
Citizenship of aliens........................................35,107
Citrus fruits:
Farm income from.......................... 060
Foreign trade.................................. -.......... 627,583
Prices, retail................................................... 332
Wholesale..................................... 325
Production and value...................... — 687,703,721
Of irrigated crop_________ 626,631
Revenue freight carried by railroads..................... 441
City government, finances of_________ 214,231-239
Civil employees of United States, injuries
to, and claims received for disability and
death................ - 162
Clvil-sorvice examinations, appointments,
employees, and retiromont........ ...................157-162
Civil-sorvice retirement fund... 161,170-172,175,177
Civil Works Administration................... 170,377-379
Civilian Conservation Corps:
Expenditures.......-................. ............. 366,377,380
Expenditures for........................ ........ 189-171,175
Persons enrolled.................. ......... 856,378,379,381
Clams, canned_________ __________ 738,754,765
Clay, foreign trade......................................... 545,600
Mines....................... 760-702,765
Clay products (see also Stone, clay, etc., industry):
Foreign trade............:---------- 646,601
Manufacture:
Persons employed................................ 63,65,825
Production......................................... 765,799,800
Summary............................. 825
Cleaning and polishing preparations, exports. 567
Manufacture, summary................................. 820
Cleaning, dyeing, pressing, etc., establishments:
Average hours and earnings. _____ 338
Commercial failures________________. . . — 312
INDEX 933
Page
Cleaning, dyeing, pressing, etc., establishments—Continued.
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 347
Sum m ary..................................... 887,890
Clearing house exchanges___ ___ 287
Clerical occupations, persons engaged... 57,69,61,70
Climatic conditions at selected stations___ 136-148
Clocks, watches, eto.:
Foreign trade.............................................. 573,812
Manufacture:
ludoxes of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Persons employed................................ 04, 65,830
Sum m ary................................... 830
Repair sh o p s......................... 888
Wholesale trade................... 872
Cloths and clothing (see a lso Textile industry):
Commercial failures of wholesalers and retailers..................
— ......................... 312
Cost-of-living indexes............................... 328, 329
Foreign trade............................ 630, 533-539, 690-696
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings........................ 337
Corporation inoomo-tax returns................ 103,
195, 190, 199, 200, 202, 203
Indexes of employment and pay rolls_____ 343
Persons employed..........................63-60, 808-814
Production....................................... ........ 842, 843
Summary................. 808-814
Retail trade........................ ........... 870-878,880,881
Wholesale prices_________ _____________ 326
Indexes__ _______ 324
Wholesale trade.................................... 871.873-876
Clover seed:
Acreage, production, and value.................. 696,702
Of irrigated crop------------------------------ 626,031
Farm income from_______________ 669
Farm prices____ ______ 702
Foreign trade............................................... 531,589
Coal:
Annual supply of energy from................... 400
Bunker, laden on vessels...................... 544,786,786
Car loadings.................................................... 444
Consumption................... 402,405,406,446.786,789
Foreign trade....... ............. 474.476,493,644,699,785
Prices:
A t m ine..................................... 786
Export.................... 333
Im port................................- .................. 335
R etail............... 787,788
Indexes_____________ ____ _________ 788
Wholesale_______________ ___________ 326
Indexes................................... 324
Production.................................. 760,761,766,784
Revenue freight carried, b y railroads____ 442,448
B y vessels................................................... 461
Summary............................. .......................... 785
Wholesale trade__________ 871,873,374
Coal and coke. See Coko and coal.
Coal land entries of pnblie lands and reserves. 131,134
Coal mines:
Accidents and fatalities................................. 801
Capacity of mines, shipments, tonnage per
m an, etc........................................................ 785
Corporation income-tax returns................... 196
Explosives u se d .......................... 800
Honrs and earnings.................................... 338,762
Indexes ot employment and pay roils___. . . 347
Labor strikes.................................................... 786
Men employed, days worked, eto_________ 62,
760-702,785,801
Size of enterprises........................................... 762
Summary...................................................... 700,761
Gaal-tar products, foreign trade.................... 665,608
Production.................................................... 846,847
Coast Guard...................................................... 157,174
Coastwise trafflo................................. 468,459,463, 408
Coats, suits, etc., women's and misses’,
manufacture, summary................................... 813
Cobalt, imports...............................................— 006
Cocoa and eacao beans (se e a lso Obocolate
and cocoa):
Foreign trade............................ 474,476,529,685,732
Im port prices.................... 334
Production of cocoa................—------ 739
Cocoa or cacao butter, foreign trade---------- 529,584
Production.... ........................................ 730

984 INDEX
Coconut oilt
P ass
. Consumed in manufacture.............. 688
Foreign trade........................- ............. 629,531,587
Taxes on, internal revenue........................ 178,179
Coconuts and coconut meat, imports- 474,475,584
Production and value-------- ---------- 697
Ood, Alaska product......................................... 755
Propagation.......................... 756
Quantity and value landed by vessels......... 754
Cod fisheries, vessels employed in................... 463
Ood-livcr oil, Imports....................... -............... 580
Coffee:
Foreign trade............. 474,475, 494, 529,585,673,731
"Pi'irfie*
Import.................................................... 334,731
Retail........................................................- 332
Wholesale........................... 325
Collins, undertakers' goods, etc., manufacture,
summary............................................... 817
Coinage of mints............................................... 240
Coke (see also Coke and coal):
Car loadings................................................... 444
Consumption for electric generation......... 405,406
Foreign trade...................................... 544,599,783
Manufacture, summary.............................. .. 822
Production............................. 705, 783,789, 793, 794
Revenue freight carried by railroads...................... 442
Wholesale prices...................- ....................... 326
Indexes...................................................... 324
Coke and coal, foreign trade................... 474,475,493
Revenue freight carried by railroads............ 440
Wholesale trade................................... 871,873,874
Coke-oven products, manufacture, summary. 822
Coke ovens, men employed, accidents, etc.. 801,822
Cold-storage holdings........................... .. 687,689,690
Collars, men's, manufacture, summary.......... 812
Colleges and universities..............................114-121
Colombia, trade with United States................ 471,
507-509,774
Foreign exchange rates.................. 291
Shipments through United States................ 614
Combs and hairpins, foreign trade......... 574,586,613
Commerce:
Domestic, by rail.................... 440-444
By; water............................. - ........... 458-462,468
Foreign. See Foreign trade.
IntercoastaL.......................... ...... 458,459,463,468
Traflio through Panama Canal..................... 466
With noncontiguous territories... 468,484,615-621
Commercial and industrial failures................ 310-313
Commercial schools.........................................118,121
Commodity Credit Corporation:
Assets and liabilities...................................... 286
Expenditures for.................................... 170
Loans to, by Reconstruction Finance Corporation......................
285
Communication and transportation:
Contribution to national income................... 315
Employees and taxable wages............. 371,374,375
Persons engaged in.......................... 57-59,61,60,67
Taxes on, internal revenue_______ 178,179
Compensation, pensions, and retirement pay,
military service...................... 152-154,156,157, 172
Compensation, unemployment. 216,222,372-376,383
Concrete and cement machinery, exports....... 557
Production, valuo................... 852
Concrote products, exports....... ......... 545
Manufacture, summary____ ______ 824
Condensed milk:
Export prices.................. 333
Foreign trade.............................................. 522,576
Manufacture:
Milk utilized......................... 688
Production............................................... 686,694
Summary.................................................... 805
Oonfectionery:
Foreign trade.—. . . ..................................... 529,585
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings....................... 337
Indexes of employment and pay roils________ 343
Persons employed.......................... 63,65,806
Summary.............. 806
Retail trade................................................. 877,878
Wholesale trade.............................................. 872
Congressional representation by States^................... 165
Construction industry (see also Highways):
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor.................................. ......................... 339
Average hours and earn in g s......... . . ____ 338
Construction industry—Continued. Page
Building permits issued............................... 896-899
Construction contracts................. 893-895
indexes of value............................. 895
Contribution of industry to national income. 315
Corporation income-tax returns.................... 194,
195,197,199,201,203,204
Employees and taxable wages............. 371,374,375
Explosives used in construction work.......... 860
Indexes of construction costs................... 907
Industrial and cominorcial failures............ 311,312
Projects financed from Federal funds. 356,357,900
Summary...................................................... 901-906
Union wage rates......................... 353
Indexes....................................................... 349-351
Construction machinery, equipment, etc.:
Exports.........................-.................................. 557
Production, value........................................... 852
Wholesale trade.............................................. 872
Construction materials. See Building materials.
Consumer expenditures....................................317-319
Consumer incomes..........-.................................. 310
Consumers’ goods, price index-------------------- 328
Consumption. See individual commodilies.
Continents, trade by.............. 502-513
Contingent liabilities of United States...................... 211
Cooperage:
Estimated quantity of timber removed from
forests for..............-....................................... 744
Foreign trade............................ 542,597
Manufacture, summary..........................— 817
Production...........................-......................... 748
Cooperative marketing and purchasing....... 666,667
Copper (see also Copper mines):
Consumption.......................... 776
Foreign trade (copper and copper manufactures)
................. - 493, 495, 552,004, 605,776,777
Manufacture (inch smelting and refining):
Average hours and earnings....................... 336
Copper products........................ 779
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Persons employed......................... 64,65,829
Production................................................ 776,777
Summary................... 829
Prices:
Export________________________ 333
Import.......................................................... 335
Wholesale.................................................. 326,757
Production............................................. 704,776,777
Revenue freight carried by railroads......... 442,443
Wholesale trade............................................... 873
Copper mines, persons employed............. 62,760,762
Summary...................................................... 700,762
Copper-lead and copper-lead-zinc ore, production.........................................-...................
764
Coppersmiths and tinsmiths, number............. 63
Copra (see also Coconuts), import prices......... 334
Foreign trade........................................ 474, 475, 587
Cordage and twine:
Foreign trade.................................. 533, 637,591, 593
Manufacture, summary..................... 808
Production.................................................... — 844
Wholesale trade............................................... 872
Cork and manufactures, foreign trade.............. 474,
475, 542,597
Manufactures, summary................................ 817
Corn:
Acreage losses................................................... 695
Acreage, production, and value..................... 696,
698,699,706,707
Of irrigated crop....................................... 626,631
Consumed in manufacture of liquors...................... 863
Farm income from.................... 669
Foreign trade.................................. 526, 527,581,733
Prices:
Export............................... 333
Farm................................................... 699,707,736
Wholesale.................................................. 325,736
Products of................................................... 737-739
Receipts at ports and markets.................... 735
Revenue freight carried by railroads............. 441
Stocks, commercial.................... 734
Sweet, truck crop.................................... 720
Volume of future trading................................ 304
Corn meal:
Exports_____ ________________________ 626
Production....................................................... 737

Com meal—Continued.
Page
Received at ports--------------------------------- 738
Retell prices— ..................................... 332
Corn sirup, corn oil, and starch:
Foreign trade____ _______ _____ 820,632,8811
Manufacture, summary....................... 800
Production..................... 739
Corporations:
Capital issues................ 308,309
Capital stock tax.................................. ...... 178,179
Dividend payments............................. 198,190,307
Government corporations, etc................. 286
Income tax, internal-revenue receipts_____ 178,
179,189-204
Income tax returns:
Analysis of gross and net income tax,
etc., by States....................... 190
Analysis of receipts, deductions, profits,
etc.................... 198-201
-Assets and liabilities............................ 202-204
Assets classes by industrial groups______ 204
Dividends paid........................................198,199
Gross and net income and tax, by industrial
groups and industries..................106,197
Gross income by industrial groups____ 198
Net income and income tax, by industrial
groups____ __________ 193-198
By States................. 192
Summary_______________ 189
Prices, sales, and yields of stocks and bonds. 304,
306,307
Profits............................................. 108,200,201,308
Correspondence schools. See Education.
Corsets and allied garments:
E xports.................................... 639
Indexes of employment and pay rolls In
manufacturing_________ 343
Manufacture, summary________________ 814
Cosmetics, perfumery, eto.:
Foreign trade.......... ....................... ...... 669,670,611
Manufacture:
Excise taxes_____________ 179
Production, value_______ 849
Summary..................................................... 821
Oost of government. See Governmentalcost
payments.
Cost-of-living indexes........................ 328,329,338,673
Compared with wages........................ 338
Costa Rica, trade with United States.. 470,808,609
Cotton:
Acreage losses.................................................. 696
Acreage, production, and value................... 697,
698,701,716-717,729
By States.................................................. 716-717
Of irrigated crop....................................... 626,631
Consumption............... . ....................... 729,859,860
Farm income from....................................... 668,669
Foreign trade................................................. 474,
475,493,632,533,690,673,674,729,731
By countries.......................... 731
Export indexes...................... 674
Indexes of volume of production_____ ____ 672
Linters.................. 730,859
Foreign trade— ......................... 833,590
Prices:
Export_____ -............ 333
Farm..................................... 701,716-717,729,736
Im port.......................................................... 334
Wholesale..................................................... 325
Revenue freight carried by railroads______ 441
Stocks in consuming establishments............. 869
Wholesale trade............................................... 871
Cotton and cottonseed, price index......... ........ 672
Cotton presses and gins, exports....................... 600
Production----------- 862
Cotton manufactures:
Average hours and earnings........................... 337
Consumption of cotton........................ 729,859,860
Corporation income-tax returns.................... 196
Foreign trade__________ 403,494,633-637,590,691
Dutiable imports and duties...................... 519
Indexes of employment and pay ro lls ....... 343
Production............................ 842
Spindles and spindle hours....................... 859,860
Summary...............-......................-...........—. 809
Wholesale prices______________ - ....... 326
Indexes_____ _______________________ 324
INDEX 935
Cottonseed:
P age
Consumption by mills................. 730
Farm income from....................................... 668,669
Form prices....................................... 701,716-717
Production and value............. 097,701,716-717,730
By States.................................................... 715-717
Of irrigated crop....................................... 626,631
Cottonseed and products, revenue freight
carried by railroads................... 441
Cottonseed products:
Foreign trade.................... 527,529,631,682,684,730
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls____ 343
Production....................................... 730
Summary..................... 832
Prices, export________ 333
Wholesale.............................. 326,327
County governments, finances of........... 214,230,231
Cowpeas, acreage, production, and valuo........ 696
Farm income from............................... 660
Cows (see also Cattle):
Farm and market prices________________ 682
Number and value, on farms_______ 676,677,679
Crabs:
Canned_____________ 754
Fishery products_____________________ 763,755
Imports_________ 677
Cranberries, acreage, production, and value. 697,703
Farm income from ....................... 669
Farm prices___ ___ 703
Cranes, dredging, and excavating machinery:
Exports.................... -__________ 667
Manufacture, summary_________________ 831
Production, valuo______ 862
Oream, farm product sold_________________ 086
Foreign trade................................................ 622,576
Cropland, acreage (eee also under Crops)......... 634,
038,639,642,647,648
Crop loans..................................... 278
Crops (eee also individual crape and Agricultural
products):
Acreage harvested___ 034,638,642,647,048,696,697
Acreage, production, and value, all crops—696,697
Farm income from____________________ 668-670
By States___________________________ 670
Indexes of production_________________ 672,695
On irrigated lands.......................... 025-627,629-631
Orchard.................................... 626,631,697,721,722
Truck.............................................. 626,669,672, 720
Crude materials:
Foreign trade.................................. 498-500, 502, 603
Distribution.................................................. 497
Indexes of quantity and value.................... 496
Indexes of wholesale prices............................ 328
Cuba, debt to United States..................... 209
Aliens deported to..................... 108
Shipments through United States................ 614
Trade with United States............. 470,507-609,774
Cucumbers, acreage, production, and value... 720
Currants, acreage, production, and value........ 697
Imports.................. 683
Ourrenoy, eireulatlou and stock__________ 240-242
Curtains, manufacture, summary___ _______ 814
Customs area of the United States__________ 2
Customs districts, trade....................... — 477,514-518
Customs receipts........................ 166,167,169,176,614
Calculated duties and ratio to value______ 483,
491,518-520
By tariff schedules_______ 618-520
Refunds of receipts................... ..................109,174
Cutlery and edge tools:
Foreign trade............................ 550,603
Indexes of employment and pay rolls in
manufacturing.............................................. 344
Manufacture, summary............. 828
Cyprus, Malta, and Goao Islands, trade with
United S tates....................... 470,610,511
Czecho-Slovakia, debt to United States-------- 209
Foreign exchange rates____________ 291
Immigration and emigration________101,102,104
Trade with United States__________ 507,510,511
Dahomey, trade with United States________ 471
Dairy cows, farm prices._____ _____ 682
Number on farms. ..................... 670,679
Dairy produots (see also individual products):
Farm income from............................... 668,669,686
Foreign trade_____ _____ 474,475,522,570,673,674

936 INDEX
Dairy products—Continued,
Page
Indexes of volume of production.................... C72
Manufacture, summary...................... . . .... 805
M ilk utilized in manufacture......................... Q88
Prices;
Export..-........................................................ 333
Farm .............................................................. 687
Indexes....................................................... 872
R e ta il........................................................... 332
Indexes....................................................... 331
Wholesale................................................ 325,087
Indexes....................................................... 324
Production in factories................... 086,087,691, 694
Production on farms..................................... 686,691
Retail trade.................................................. 877,878
Wholesale trade............................................... 871
Dairymen’s supplies, etc.;
Foreign tra d e ...,.........................................- 661,607
Value of machinery manufactured.............852
Wholesale prices............................................... 327
Dance-hall keepers.............................................. 09
Danzig, trade with United States.................. 470,
607, 510, fill, 774
Immigration...................................... 104
Dates, imports..................................................... 583
Deaf, sohoolsfor...-...........................................122,123
Deaf-mutes........... .............................................. 82
Deaths and death rates. See Vital statistics);
Debits to individual bank accounts.............. 288-200
Debts (see also Public debt and Mortgages):
Estimated, gross and net, public andprivato320,321
Of foreign governments to United States,
amounts due....................... 200
Payments on account of............. 169,176,177, 209
Defectives, m e n ta l.............................. 73-70,122,123
Defense,national, expenditures for.. 169,170,173-175
Delinquents, juvenile, in State institutions. 80
Schools for......................................................... 122
Denmark:
Foreign exchange rates.................................... 291
Immigration and emigration................ 101,102,104
Trade with United States............. 470,507,510, fill
D ensity of population......................................... 2,C
Dental goods:
Foreign tra d e ..................... 571,011
Manufacture, summary........ ......... 835
Wholesale trade....................... 872
Dentistry, students in___________ 118
Departm ent stores;
Employees................................................ 68,878,880
Indexes of value of sales................ 885
Retail trade........................................... 876-878,880
Depositors, bank, savings.......... .................... 267-209
Deposits:
All active banks___ __________ 256-260
All reporting banks_____________________ 255
Federal Reserve banks.............. 244
Federal Reserve member b anks................ 251-254
In insured banks.........-____ 270,271
National banks__ 261,256,259,261,262,267,269, 270
Postal Savings System.................................... 273
Private banks..;,-......... ..... 257-259,269
Savings banks_______ ______ 257,259,267,269, 270
Savings in banks______________ 267-270
State banks........................ 251,257,259,267,209,270
Desert land entries of public lands............. 129,131
Diamonds, imports___ _________ 602
Wholesale trade.........................—........ -........ 872
Disability compensation and allowance,
veterans’_____________________________ 162-154
Disabled persons, vocational rehabilitation
for____________ -......... 128
Discount rates of Federal Reserve banks____ 246
Diseases, deaths from______ 86,87,95
Distilled liquors. See Liquors.
Dividends;
Common stocks________________________ 307
Corporation__________________________ 198,199
Federal Reserve banks__________________ 250
Federal Reserve member banks________. . . 256
Fire and marine insurance companies__________ 294
Life insurance__________________ -____ 297,298
National banks________ 263
National income_______ 314
Railway stook___________________ 431,432
Divorced persons.................. 42-45
Divorces and annulments_____________ 97,98
Domestic and personal service............. — 57-69,61,70
Domestic commerce. See Commerce.
Page
Dominican Republic, trade with United
States....................... 470,508,509,774
Drainage of farm lands and drainage enterprises.............................................................
632,633
Dresses, manufacture, summary....... ............... 813
Production.......... ..................... 842
Dressmakers and seamstresses, number 62
Drinking places............. 876-878,881
Drug stores:
Retail:
Commercial failures................. 312
Employees............................................ 68,878,881
Summary........................................... 876-878,881
Wholesale, commercial failures.................... 312
Summary............................... 871,873-875
Drugs and druggists’ preparations:
Foreign trade........... 474.475,631,565,606,587,608
Indexes of wholesale prices....................... 324
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 343
Production.........................................................849
Summary................ . ............................. 820
Drums, kegs, and barrols, steel, imports................... 603
Manufacture, summary.......................... 828
D ry goods stores, retail trade...................... 870-878
Wholesale trade............................ __ 871,873-875
D un’s wholesale price in d e x .......................... 328
Durable-goods industries:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls......... 341
Indexes of production.............. 801
Durable goods, wholesale price indexes..................... 328
Dutiable merchandise, imports:
By countries.................................................... 507
By economic classes..................................... 500,501
By tariff schedules.........................................518-620
Summary.............................................. 483,491
Duties on imports. See Customs receipts.
Dwellings (set also Families):
Building permits issued for................. 899
By size and tenure..................... -.................... 46,47
By value or monthly rental.......-.................... 48-52
Cost of building construction..^................... 899
Farm, number, value, and tenure, by
States............................................... 50,52,641,057
Number..................................................... 918
Urban, by value, rental, and tenure, etc.. 907-909
Dyeing ana cleaning establishments:
Average hours and earnings................. 338
Commercial failures........................................ 312
Indexes of employment and pay rolls..................... 347
Summary.............-......................... 887,890
Dyeing and finishing textiles:
Average hours and earnings.................................. —337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls_____ 343
Summary.................................................. 809
Dyestuffs, tanning materials, etc.:
Foreign trad e.................. 474,475,531,565,688,008
Manufacture, summary................................ 821
Production.................. 850
Wholesale trade....................... 871
Earnings. See Profits, wages, etc., and individual
industries.
Earths and minerals, ground, etc..................... 825
Earths, earthenware, etc., dutiable imports__ 618
East Indies (see also British East Indies and
Netherlands Indies)........................................ 471
Eating places............................................. 876-878,881
Ecuador, trade with United States........ 471,507-509
Education:
Elementary and secondary schools..............108-114
Attendance.............. 108,109,112
Enrollment.................................. 108,109,112-114
Expenditures............................. 108,110, ill, 114
High schools and academies...... ................112-114
Enrollment____ ________ 112-114
Graduates............................ 113
Teachers.............. 113
Kindergartens..................... 114
Private and parochial____________100,112-114
Teachers......................................... 108,110,113
Expenditures for, by State and local governments...................................
214,215,219,233,235
Institutions of higher education.................. 114-121
Commercial schools and courses___ ____118,121
Degrees conferred..................... 114,117,119
Endowment funds___ ______ 120

Education—Continued.
Page
Institutions of higher education—Con.
Expenditures......................... 114,115,120
Faculty................... 114,110
Graduates....... ..................................... 114,117,119
Income__________________ 115
Junior colleges____________ ____ 115
Libraries............. 120
Normal schools and teachers* colleges.., 114,119
Nurse-training schools___ _____ _____ 118,121
Property, value...................... 120
Student enrollment................... 114-119,121
Extension and correspondence................ 121
Junior colleges............... 115
Professional............... 117-119
Noneollegiate............................................ 117
Regular session............................... 114,116,117
Summer schools........................................ 121
Land grants for educational purposes..................... 133
Special schools and courses............. 122-128
City school systems, for exceptional children_____
___ 123
Residential, for the blind, the deaf, the
mentally deficient, and the delinquent-. 122
Vocational, Federally aided........ 124-127
Expenditures.......................................125,126
Studont enrollment............................ ... 124,127
Teachers............................................... 124
Vocational rehabilitation of disabled persons..........................................................
128
Educational buildings, construction... 893,899
Eggplant, acreage, production, and value________ 720
Eggs:
Cold-storage holdings......................... 680,690
Farm income from....................................... 608,669
Foreign trade.................................. 523,577,673,674
Prices:
Export............... 338,689
Farm............................................................. 689
Indexes.................................................... 672
Retail..................-..................... -................. 832
Indexes................................. -.................. 331
Wholesale........................................... 325,684,689
Indexes...................................................... 684
Production and value................................. 080,686
Receipts at principal markets........................ 689
Revenue freight carried by railroads______ 442
Eggs and dairy products, exports................ 673,674
Egypt, trade with United States---------------- 470,
471,507,512,513
Electoral vote, by parties and States.............. 164
Electric light ana electric motors on farms and
expenditures for powor............ 406,407,409/661-603
Electric light and power plants:
Average hourly wage rates paid common labor.................
339
Average hours and earnings.............— ___ 338
Consumption of fuel............................. 402,405,406
Contribution to national incomo.................. 315
Corporation income-tax returns__________ 197
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........... 347
Installed capacity of generating plants......... 400,
401,403,405,400,408
Persons employed.................... 64,66,405
Production of electric energy........................ 401,
402,404-406,408,400
Sales of electric energy......................... 405-407,409
Summary....................................... 405,409
Electric motors:
Exports..................„..... 555
Number on farm s.,....................................... 663
Production, value........................................... 853
Electric railways. See Railways, electric.
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies:
Foreign trade.............. 554-556,606,607
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings....................... 336
Corporation income-tax returns................. 106
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Persons, employed................................. 64,66,831
Production, value................................... 852,853
Summary.................................................... 831
Retail trade,-............. 878
Wholesale prices of electric household
equipment................... 327
Wholesale trade.................................... 871,873-876
Electrical repair shops___ ___^............... $88
2 6 7 7 0 6 * - 6 1
INDEX 937
Electricians:
Fair®
Number________ 62
Union wage rates______________________ 353
Indexes.......................................................... 340
Electricity:
Prices:
Retail___________ 409,410
Wholesale.................................................... 326
Indexes...................................................... 324
Production and sales..................... 401,402,404-409
Taxes on, manufacturers* excise.................. 179
Eleotrodes, exports....... -................................... 547
Electroplating............................................. 830
Elevated and subway railways............. 452,453
Elevators and elevator equipment, exports. , . 557
Production, value...................................... .... 852
Embroideries (see also Laces), imports........... 591,
592,594,595
Manufacture, summary................. 815
Emory and products, foreign trade____546,601
Production........................................................... 765
Emigration. See Immigration and emigration.
Emmer and spelt, acreage, production, and
value....................................................... 696
Employees (see also Employment indexes):
Advertising agoncies............ 68,348,892
Air transportation....... ................................ 57,457
All industries........................ 315
Banks.................................................... 67,265
By occupational groups, selected industries....................................
348
Coal mines................. 62,760-702,785,801
Communication......................................... 371,374
Construction industry............ 871,374,902-904,906
Covered by:
Federal work programs.................... 378,379,381
Old-age insurance..................................... 366-372
Railroad retirement system----------------- 386
Unemployment compensation................ 372, S74
Electrlo light and power plants............. 84,66,405
Federal service............................................. 157-160
Financial institutions, except banks_________. . . . 303
Gainful occupations..........................................Gl-70
Hotels........................................... 70,890,891
Insurance carriers and agencies.............. 68,
302,303.348,371,374
Manufacturing and mechanical industries.......................................
57-59,61-66,371,374
Manufacturing establishments (see also
Wage earners, manufactures)............ 802
Mineral industries____________ 57-59,
61,62,371,374,758-762,801
Motorbus transportation and trucking_________ 66,
348,454,456
Municipal......................- .................... 224,238,239
Projects financed by Federal funds.......... 366-358,
378,379,381
Public utilities............................................. 371,374
Radio broadcasting.............-.................. 69,348,892
Railways.......................................................... 66,
67,386,429,430,448,449,452
Real estate agencies......................... 68,348,371,374
Retail trade......................... 68,348,878-885
Sorvice industries.................. ....................... 57-59,
61,68-70,371,374,887-890
State............................................. 223,224
Telegraph systems..............-........... 67,397-399
Telephone systems.......................... 67,394,396,397
Trade................................... 371,374
Transportation.....................-........... ........ 371,374
Trolley-bus lines.................... — ................ 453
Warehousing...................... . ......... 348
Wholesale trade____ _________ -- 68,348,868-875
Employment indexes.___________ 340-345,347,803
Employment service, Federal grants for administration
by States— ................................ 383
Employment services, public, activities of.. 350-365
Enameled ware. See Stamped and enameled
ware, etc.
Engineering courses, students______________ 118
Engineers:
Number...................... —......... -___________ 02,66
Union wage rates___ __________________ 353
Indexes.................... 349
Engines (internal combustion) on farms------- 663
Engines, turbines, etc.:
Foreign trade........................... 556,557,562-564,607

938 INDEX
Engines, turbines etc.—Continued. Pase
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings............. 386
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Production, value........-................... 851,862,864
Summary....................................... 831
England, See United Kingdom.
Engraving...................... . .................................. 819
Envelopes, exports............................................. 543
Manufacture, summary................................. 818
Epileptics..................................................... 73,76,123
Erie Canal, freight movement.......................... 460
Eritrea, trade with United States.................... 471
Estate and inheritance taxes............................. 178,
170,206,206,214^216,222
Estonia, debt to United States......................... 200
Immigration and emigration...................... 102,104
Trade with United States.................. 470,610,511
Ethiopia, trade with United States............ 512,513
Europe, shipments through United States__ 614
Immigration and emigration------ 101,102,104,106
Trade with United S tates..................... 470,
502-607, 610, 611,731
Evaporated milk;
Export prices.................................................. 383
Foreign trade............................................. 522,576
Manufacture:
Milk utilized............................................... 688
Production................................................ 086,604
Summary.................................. 805
Wholesale prices............................................ 325
Excelsior, manufacture, summary— ............ 816
Excess-profits taxes.................... 179,180,191,200,201
Exchange rates, foreign.................................. 291,292
Exchanges, clearing house................................. 287
Exchanges, commodity and stock, trading
on............................................ - ................... 304,306
Executive Office, expenditures for...............- 169,171
Executive service (Federal), employees end
payrolls..................... 157-160
Expenditures, consumer......................... . 317,310
Expenditures of States and local governments.
See Governmental-cost payments.
Expenditures of U. S. Government:
By departments and establishments......... 169-175
By major classifications................ 167-171
By months...................................... — 166
Details of, by departments.......................- 171-175
Public debt............. - ............. 166,168-170,176
Reclamation projects............ 169,170,173,622-624
Vocational education................ .............. 125,126
Explosives:
Foreign trade-------------------------- 474,475,569,610
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls___ 343
Produced and sold........ ....... 860
Summary............. 820
Revenue freight carried by railroads............ 448
Wholesale trad e.............................................. 871
Exporters, importers, and wholesale dealers. 68,870
Exports. See Foreign trade.
Exports in relation to production.................... 486
Express companies........................................... 447
Express revenues of railwaya.......................... 438
Extension schools. See Education.
Factories. See Manufacturing industry.
Failures:
Bank.............................. 206
Building and loan associations...................... 271
Industrial and commercial____________ 310-313
Railway receiverships................................ 430,451
Falkland Islands, trade with United States. 508,509
Families (see also Dwellings, etc.):
By race and nativity of bead................. 47
By size and by gainful workers........... ........ 48
By tenure end average population per
family......................... 45,46
Dwellings provided............................. 899,907-909
Family income.................... 316,909
Far East, trade with United States............. 612,513
Farm animals. See Animals.
Farm Credit Administration:
Agencies:
Assets and liabilities......................... 281,283,
Loans and discounts.................. 278-280,282-284
Number of associations............................... 278
Civil service employees................................ 168
Injuries to ................ 162
Farm Oredit Administration—Continued Page
Expenditures lor............................. 169-172,175
Farm dwellings:
Number of, by occupancy.............................. 667
Owned............................................................ 50
Tenant............................................................. 62
Value of.................................................... 60,52,641
Farm implements and machinery. See Agricultural
implements, etc.
Farm income................................................... 668-071
Farm laborers, wages, etc.:
By States....................................................... 067
Number oflaborers............................... 61,100,657
Prevailing farm wage rates and indexes ......... 604
Wages............................................................. 671
Indexes........................ 073
Farm loan and governmental agonoies, bonds
issued and outstanding______ 211-213,281,308,309
Farm mortgage loans:
By Farm Credit Administration agencies. 278-282
Held by all banks........................................... 258
Hold by Federal Reserve member banks. -. 251
Held by national banks........................ 203
Long-term private debt....................... .......... 320
Number and debt....................................... 653-655
Farm population....... .......................... — 0,634,667
Farm prices, indexes.......................... 322,672,873
Farm products. See Agricultural products.
Farm Security Administration:
Assets and liabilities.............................. 286
Expenditures for................................... 170,172,175
Public assistance by.................................... 377-381
Farmers and farm laborers....................... 01,100,657
Working for pay, off their farms________ 668,059
Farmers’ business associations....................... 666,067
Farmers’ supplies:
Retail trade........................................... 876,879,881
Commercial failures....................... 312
Wholesale trade........................................... 872-875
Farms (see also Agricultural products):
Acreage____ 634,636-639,642-044,646-648,650-062
By utilization............................. 634,638,639,042
Crop land...................... 634,038, 639,642,647,648
Crop losses................................................... 095
By color of operator.........................— 644,650-652
Drainage.................. 632,633
Dwellings..................... 50,62,641,067
Electricity used o n .............. 406,407,409,061-663
Expenditures for labor, fertilizer, feed,
equipment, etc................. 660,001,671
Facilities reported on................................. 862,003
Irrigation............................................ ....... 626-031
Mortgaged farm s...___ _________ 663-655
Number...................... 634,636,642-645,648,050-662
Number reporting sales through farmers’
organizations.................. 666
Population on.................................... ......9,634,657
Size________ 642,043
Summary____________________________ 634
By States........................................ 035-641
Taxes....... .........................-......... ............... 650,671
Tenure____________________________ 644-662
Valueoffarm property___ 634,635,640,641,049-662
Value of livestock_______ 634,641,676,677
Fatalities. See Accidents and fatalities.
Fats. See Oils and also Lard.
Feathers and plumes, foreign trade_______ 626,681
Manufacture, summary.................. 835
Federal corporations and credit agencies,
summary of assets and liabilities.............. 286
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, assets
and liabilities....................... 280
Banks insured by.......................................- 270,271
Civil service employees................. 169
Federal Emergency Administration of Public
Works (see also Public Works projects):
Expenditures for......................................... 172,176
Federal Emergency Relief Administration:
Expenditures for................................... 170,172, 176
Public relief.......................... -■.... 377-370
Federal employees, oivil:
Injuries to, and claims received..................... 162
Number__ .__________ ,_____________ 157,159
Retirement...................................................... 101
Federal estate tax.............................. 178, 179,205,206
Federal Farm Mortgage Corporation:
Assets and liabilities.............................................. —281,280
Capital stock and bonds............................... 211,212

Federal Farm Mortgage Oorp.—Continued. Pass
Expenditures for.......................................... 170,174
Loans advanced and outstanding.............. 278-280
Federal Government finances. See Eeoelpts
a n d Expenditures, 0 . S, Government.
Federal home loan hanks, assots and liabilities..
.............................................................. 277.286
Federal home loan bank system........................ 277
Federal Housing Administration:
Bonds........................................... 211
Expenditures for.......... .............. 170,171,176
Volume of insured loans............... 274,276
Federal intermediate credit banks:
Assets and liabilities................................... 283,280
Loans and discounts...................... ...... 278,279,283
Loans to, by Eeconstruction Finance Corporation.....................................................
- 286
Federal land banks:
Assets and liabilities................................... 281,288
Expenditures for......................... -...............170,174
Loans and discounts.................................. 278-280
Loans to, by Eeconstruction Finance Corporation.....................
285
Foderal National Mortgage Association:
Assets and liabilities.-.................................. 280
Loans to, by Eeconstruction Finance Corporation.....................................
286
Federal Eeserve banks. See u n d e r Banks.
Federal Eeserve notes...................... 211,240,241,244
Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation,
assets and liabilities........................ 286
Institutions insured by................................. 277
Federal work programs, employees and earnings................................................................
377-381
Feeble-minded persons. See Mental patients,
etc.
Feed:
Farm expenditures for...................... -........... 600
Foreign trade........................... 620,527,682,673,674
Manufacture, summary................................. 806
Froduotion....................................................... 737
Wholesale prioes.............................................. 327
Indexes......................................................... 324
Wholesale trade.............................. 872
Feldspar, mines, quarries, and grinding
mills...... ................................................. 760,761,765
Felt goods:
Foreign trade......................................... 537-539,694
Manufacture, summary..............................— 809
Production.................................................... 843
Fermented malt liquors. See M alt liquors.
Ferro-alloys, foreign trade.......... 562,603,604,769.774
Production................................. 764,768,769,846
Fertilizers:
Amount sold.___ ___________________ 660,606
Byproducts of fisheries____________ 755
Farm expenditures for.................................... 000
Foreign trade........................... 474,475,496,609,610
Manufacture:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor...................... 339
Average hours and earnings.......-.......... —. 337
Corporation income-tax returns................. 196
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 343
Persons employed................................. 63,64,820
Production....... ....................................... 848
Summary..................................................... 820
Eevenuo freight carried by railroads.......... — 443
Wholcsaleprioes............................................— 327
Indexes................... 324
Wholesale trade.................................... -........ 872
Fidelity insurance.................................-........ 301
Fiduciary activities of national banks______ 264
Figs:
Dried.......................................... 738
Imports................ -............... 683
Production and value........... ................ 607
Of irrigated crop........................ — .......— 631
Fiji Islands, trade with United States...................... 471
Files, exports....................................................... 561
Manufacture, summary— ............................ 828
Filling stations, retail-trade summary— 876-878,880
Finance. See reepective subjects.
Finanolal corporations, Income-tax roturns— 195,
197,199,201,203,204
Financial institutions, employees and taxable
w a g e s -................................................ 371,374,375
Financial institutions except banks, employment
and pay rolls..................................... 303
INDEX 939
Page
Finland, debt to United States........................ 200
Foreign exchange rates................................... 291
Immigration and emigration..............101,102,104
Trade with United States............. 470,607, 610,611
Firearms:
Foreign trade............................................... 572,612
Manufacturers’ exciso taxes........................... 179
Manufacture, summary_______ ________ 827
Fire-clay products. See Clay products.
Fire extinguishers, exports..______________ 674
Manufacture, summary_______ ________ 830
Fire insurance.......................................... 294,296,301
Fires and fire losses_________________ 296,743,744
Fireworks, imports.......................... 610
Manufacture, summary_________ _______ 821
Fish:
Canning and preserving . 738,754r-756,805
Cold-storage holdings................ 690
Foreign trade........ .................. 474,475,522,576,577
Prices, import (herring and mackerel).................... 334
Prices, salmon..................... 756
Products of fisheries.................................... 761-766
Propagation.................................................... 756
Retail trade.................................................... 878
Wholesale trade.............................................. 872
Fish oils, foreign trade.................... ............. 625,580
Production........................................... 755
Fisheries, products......................................... 761-756
Vessels employed in..................... ............. 463,768
Fishermen and oystermon, number................. 61,768
Fishing and forestry, persons engaged in... 57-59, 61
Flumo, See Yugoslavia.
Five-and-ton-oent stores. See Variety stores.
Flags and banners, manufacture, sum m ary... 814
Flavoring extracts and sirups, exports......... 629,506
Manufacture, summary................................. 806
Flax, import prices................................ — 334
Imports........................................................... 592
Flax, hemp, and jute, dutiable imports and
duties.......................................................... — 520
Flax, hemp, and ramie and manufactures,
foreign trade............................................... 537,692
Flaxseed:
Acreage losses......................................... 095
Acreage, production, and v alu e............. 696,700
Farm income from......................................... 660
Foreign trade................... 687,733
Prices:
Farm........................... 700
Import........................ 334
Wholesale..................... 326,736
Floor composition, wallboard, plaster, etc.,
manufacture, summary________ — 826
Floor coverings (see also Carpets, and rugs):
Foreign trade___ _____________ 537,639,591,596
Manufacture, summary................. 816,810
Production................................. .................... 843
Eotail trade.................................................... 878
Wholesale'trade.................... 872
Flour (see also Flour and grain mills):
Foreign trade................. 626,632,681,734
Prioes:
Export_____________ 333
Eetail—____________ 332
Wholesale__________ 326
Production................................. .................... 737
Receipts at Atlantio ports............... 735
Rovenue freight carried, by railroads___________ 441
By vessels............................. 461
Wholesale trade......................... ..................... 872
Flour and grain mills:
Average hours and earnings_____________ 337
Corporation Income-tax returns.............. 196
Indexes of employment and pay rolls--------------- 343
Persons employed.................... —........... 63,65,806
Production_____________ 737
Summary................................... ..................... 806
Flowers, artificial, exports------------------------- 639
Manufacture, summary....................... 834
Fluorspar, imports_______ 600
Mines, summary....................... ........... 760,761,765
Fodder and feed (see also Food and Hay), foreign
trade.................... 474,475,526,627,582,073, 674
Foils, gold, tin, and other, manufacture, summary.................................
830,831
Food products manufacturing industry:
Corporation income-tax returns............ ...... 193,
195,196,199,200, 202

9 4 0 INDEX
Food products manufacturing industry--Con. Page Foreign trade—Continued.
Page
Indexes 0/ employment end pay roJJs___ 342,343 D ry and tanker cargoes........................ 400,474,475
Index of production......................................... 804 Export prices........................................... 333
Industrial and commercial failures............... 312 Indexes........................ 496
Persons employed......................... 63,65,806-808 Exports in relation to production.................. 486
Sales............................................................. 866,867 Gold and silver............... 483,485,480,488,489,606
Summary.................................................... 805-808 Import prices.......................................... 334,336
Foods:
Indexes........................................................ 496
Retail trade...........................................870-878,880 Imports entered into and withdrawn from
Commercial failures..................................... 312 warehouse................ 483
Wholesale trade.............-............................ 872-875 Imports for consumption, summary.......... 483,401
Commercial failures-................................. 312 Dutiable, by tariff schedules____ ______ 518-520
Foodstuffs (.see also individual commodities and Imports, free and dutiable__ 483,491,600,501,507
Foods, etc.):
Indexes of quantity, price, and value........... 496
Foreign trade......................................:___ 498-503 In-transit and transshipment trade.............. 614
Distribution.......................... 497 Of noncontiguous territories......... 468,484,615-621
Indexes of quantity and value—. .............. 496 Per capita................. 400
Manufacture, summary............................ 805-808 Reexports of foreign merchandise___ 483,487,489
Prices;
Summary:
Cost-of-living indoxes............................... 328,329 Tonnage................................................... 458,468
Retail............................................................ 332 Value............... 483,484,487-400
Indexes........................................... 322,330,331 Value of principal commodities:
Wholesale— ____ 325 Exports............... 492,493
Indoxes..............................................323,324,673 Imports............................... 494,495
Production............................................ 694,738,739 Vessels engaged in............................... 403,476-481
Forage, acreage, production, and value............ 696 Foreign-bom population:
Of irrigated crop................... 626,631 Age distribution......................................... 20,37,41
Foreign capital issues In United States..*. . . 308-310 By country of birth.............. 28-33
Foreign exchange rates.................................. 291,202 By mother tongue...................*..................... 34
Foreign government obligations to United By race................................... 16-20
States, receipts on account of and amounts By sex......................................................11-13,20,37
due and paid......................... 169,170,177,209 Citizenship status.................. 35
Foreign mails, weight......................................... 302 Families and dwellings.................................. 47,48
Foreign trade:
Gainiul workers..................... 56,57
Agricultural and nonagricultural products.. 502, Illiteracy.......................... 53-65
673-676 In cities...................................................... 23,25,27
Export indexes....... -............... 674 Marital status............................... 44
Balance of international payments (visible Median age...................................................... 21
and invisible exports and imports)........ 486 Urban and rural..................................... 20
Balance of trade............................ 483,487-490 Forest area, stand of timber, timber removed,
By coastal districts........... 468,469,472-475,614, 615 etc.................. 740-742,744
By commodity groups and articles.............521-613 Forest fires...................................................... 743,744
By continents............................................ 502-613 Forest products (see also individual products):
By countries and commercial regions........... 470, Car loadings..................................... 444
471,607-513 Foreign trade.................................................. 675
By customs districts...................................... 514-618 Manufacture;
By economic classes of commodities.......... 497-503 Corporation income-tax returns................. 193,
Indexes....................................................... 496
195,106,199, 200,203
By individual commodities:1
Industrial and commercial failures............ 312
Exports.................................................... 521-574 Production............................................... 745-750
Animats and animal products, edible... 521-523 Sales.......................................................... 860,807
Animals and animal products, inedible. 523-525 Summary................................................... 810-818
Vegetable food products and beverages... 526-529 Revenue freight carried by railroads......... 440,442
Vegetable products, inedible, except fibers Wholesale trade.............................................. 873
and wooS................................ 529-532 Forestry and fishing, persons engaged in—. 57-69,61
Textiles................................................ 532-539 Forestry, students in................................ 118
Wood and paper..................................... 540-543
Nonmetalhc minerals......................... 544-647
Foundries and machine shops:
Metals and manufactures, except machinery
and vehicles.....................................547-553
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor............................................................. 339
Machinery and vehicles....................... 554-504
Average hours and earnings....................... 330
Chemicals and related products.............. 565-570
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........... 344
Miscellaneous........................................ 570-574
Summary.............................. 827,831,833
Imports..................................................... 575-013 Fowls, See Poultry.
Animals and animal products, edible... 575-577 Frames, mirror and picture, manufacture,
Animate and animal products, inedible_ 577-581 summary......................................................... 817
Vegetable food products and beverages... 581-580 France:
Vegetable products, inedible, except fibers Debt to United States............. —............ 209
and wood............................................. 580-590 Foreign exchange rates.............................. 291,292
Textiles................................................... 590-590 Immigration and emigration............... 101,102,104
Wood and paper..................................... 696-599 Shipments through United States................ 614
Nonmetalltc minerals................ 599-002 Trade with United States......................... 470,
Medals and manufactures of, except machinery
and vehicles..................... 602-606 Fraternal orders, insurance............................... 300
507, 510, 511, 731,774
Machinery and vehicles.................. 606,607 Free merchandise imports.... „. 483,491,500,50l, 607
Chemicals and related products.............. 608-611 Freight rates:
Miscellaneous................................ 611-613 On wheat............... 737
By major commodities and coastal distric
ts......................... — ...............-........ 474,476 car-mile (steam railroads)........................ 433,434
Per ton-mile, per train-mile, and per loaded
By method of carriage.._______ 482 Via St. Marys Falls Canal............................. 461
By months................................. ......... . . . . 485,486 Freight traffic. See under Air transportation,
By nationality of carrier.................... . ...... 469,482 Canals, Railways, Rivers, and Waterways.
By ports........................ . ............ 459,472,473 French Africa, trade with United States... 512,513
By States and ports............................... . . 472,473 French Guiana, trade with United States..... 471,
By trade regions......................... 470,471
608,509
ContinentalUnitcd States......................... 468,484 French Guinea, trade with United States___ 471
1For important Individual commodities see references thereto in index. For commodities not indexed
separately see referenco to appropriate groups shown in italics.

Page
Preach Indo-China, trade with
States......... .............................
Unitod
471,610,611
French Oceania, trade with United States. 612,613
French Somaliland, trade with United States. 471
French West Indies, trade with United
States............................... - ......................... 608,609
Fruits (see also Fruits and nuts):
Acreage, production, and value....... — 097,721,722
Index of production............... 096
Of irrigated crop............... ....................... 626,631
Canning and preserving..................... 738
Farm income from............................ 669
Foreign trade.......................... 627,628,683,673,674
Export indexes............................... 674
Prices, farm................... .............................. 672,722
Wholesale....... ............... 325
Revenue freight carried by railroads---------- 441
F ruits and nuts:
Acreage, production, and value of irrigated
crops______________ 626,631
Farm income from............................................ 608, G09
Foreign trade.................... 492,494,627,628,683,584
Fruits and vegetables:
Canning and preserving, summary_______ 806
Foreign trade.................................. 474,475
Indexes of volume of production_________ 672
Prices, retail indexes________ 331
Wholesale Indexes........................ 324
Retail trade------------------- 878
Revenue freight carried by railroads.................... 441
Wholesale trade............................... ........... 871,875
Fuel (see also individual classes):
Annual supply of energy from....................... 400
Consumption.......................... 402,406,406,446,780
Index of production____________________ 804
Industrial and commercial failures of manufacturers
and wholesalers............ ............. 312
Manufacture, summary........... .......... 822
Retail trade (fuel and ice).................... 877,878,881
Fuel and lighting, prices:
Cost-of-living indexes_________________ 328,329
Wholesale___________ 326
Indexes................................................ 323,324
Fuel oil:
Annual supply of energy from....................... 400
Bunker, laden on vessels........................... 644,791
Consumption____ 402,405,406,440,794
Foreign trade.................................. 544,699,791,794
Production................................................... 793,704
Stocks.......................................................... 792,794
Wholesale prices.......................................... 326,795
Fuel or bunker coal laden on vessels___ 544,785,786
Fuel or bunker oil laden on vessels............... 544,791
F uller’s earth, mines, summary............. 760,701,765
Funeral directors and embalmers___ ______ 887
Furnaces, blast (see also Iron and steel and
products), summary............................. 768,773,826
Furnishing goods, house:
Exports............................................................ 538
Manufacture, summary.................... 814
Prices:
Cost-of-living indexes............................... 328,329
Wholesale.................................... 827
Indexes................................................... 323,324
Retail trade........................................... 876-878,881
Wholesale trade........................... 872-876
Furnishing goods, men’s:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls in
manufacturing......................................... 343
Manufacture, summary................................ 812
Retail trade.......................................... 877,878,880
Wholesale trade.............................................. 871
Furniture:
Foreign trade........................................ 542,660,597
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 343
Persons employed................................. 64,65,817
Summary.......................................... 817
Retail trade........................................... 876-878,881
Commercial failures........................... 312
Revenue freight carried by railroads....................... 443
Wholesale price Indexes................. 324
Wholesale tra d e ......................................... 872-875
F urs and manufactures:
Foreign trade................................. 494,525,579,680
Retail trade..................................................... 878
Summary...... ............ 836,836
Wholesale trado.......................................... 871
INDEX 9 4 1
Page
Futures trading, taxes on sales and volume
of trading............................ 179,304
Gabon, trade with United S ta te s............... 471
Gadsden Purchase, area and date acquired__ 1
Galvanizing industry, sum m ary....................... 827
Games, toys, etc.:
Foreign trade..____ ______ ________ 572,611, 012
Manufacture, summary.............. 838
Wholesale trade___________ 871
Garages and garage keepers___ ____ 00,877,878, 888
Garlic, commercial acreage, production, and
value._________ 720
Imports_____________ _1._............................ 582
Garnet (abrasive), production.......................... 705
Garters, suspenders, otc., exports__________ 530
Manufacture, summary__________ 813
Gas (manufactured and natural):
Annual supply of energy fro m .................... 400
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor.............. 330
Compressed and liquefied:
Exports...... .......................... 508
Manufacture, summary________ 820
Production........................... 848
Consumption.............................. 402,405,406,788
Manufactured gas industry, sum m ary......... 789
Natural gas, production_____ _________ 766,788
Summary............................ ......................761,789
Prices:
Retail.................................... 790
Wholesale............................ 320
Indexes........................................ 324
Gas and oil wolls, number and production___ 795
Gas and water meters, exports........................... 501
Gas companies, corporation income-tax returns............................................
197
Gas oil and fuel oil:
Consumption___ ______ 704
Foreign trado___ _________________ 644,699,794
Prices....................................... 796
Production__________________________ 793,794
Stocks......................... 792, 794
Gasoline:
Natural:
Exports______________ 644
Production.......................................... 766,788, 793
Run to stills or blended_______________ 704
Stocks................................... 702
Summary.................................. 701
Refined:
Consumption...................... —............ 794
Foreign trade.......................- .............. 644,599, 704
Prioos:
Export..............................— .................... 333
Rotail.......................................................... 795
Wholesale......................... 326
Produotion..................................... 703, 794
Stocks................................................................. 792, 794
Taxes (see also Motor-vehicle taxes, etc.):
Manufacturers’ excise taxes......................... 179
S ta te .............................................. 215,222,418
Gelatin (see also Glue), foreign trade___ 623,677, 581
Goms and precious stones, foreign trade___ 547, 602
Production........................................................ 765
General merchandise:
Retail tra d e ............................................ 870-878
Commercial failures.............. 312
Wholesale trade..................................... 872,874,875
Germany:
Debt to United States............ ........................ 209
Foreign exchange rates................................. 291,202
Immigration and emigration____ 101,102,104,105
Shiproonts through United States................. 614
Trade w ith United States............................... 470,
607,510,511,731,774
Gibraltar, trade with United States................510,511
Gift tax.............................................................. 179,205
Glass:
Foreign trade................................... 474,475,645,000
Manufacture:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor............................................. 339
Average hours and earnings........................ 337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 343
Persons omployod.............................. 62, 03, 65,826
Production________ 799
Summary...................... 826

9 4 2 INDEX
Glass—Continued.
•P|,S°
■Wholesale prices________________ 327
Wholesale) trad e..-......................................... 872
Glass sand, production.................................. 760,706
Gloves, foreign trade........... 624,580,535,579, 591,593
Manufacture, summary...................... 810,813,823
Glucose. See Corn sirup.
Glue, foroign trade. _................................... 525,581
Manufacture, summary..................... 821
Glycerin, foroign trade................................... 507,609
Production...................................... 846
Goats;
Grating in national forests............................. 742
Inspected and slaughtered...................... 084
Number and value, on farms................... 670,677
Eevenue freight carried by railroads............ 441
Gold (see also Gold mines);
Circulation, coinage, and monetary stock. 240-242
Earmarked for foroign account___ ______ 484,485
For uso in manufactures and the arts.......... 782
Foreign trade.......................... 483,485,488,489,600
Leaf and foil................................................... 830
Production..................... 764,781
Ratio of silver to............................. 782
Refining and alloying (gold, silver, etc.)________ 829
Reserves, Federal Reserve banks.................. 243
Gold Coast, trade with United States.. 471,512,513
Gold manufactures, exports.............................. 553
Gold mines, persons employed________ 62,760,702
Summary.............. 760,762
Goldsmiths and silversmiths and jewolors,
number...................... 02
Government credit agencies, summary nf
assets and liabilities................... 280
Government employees. Federal, civil:
Injuries to, and claims received..................... 162
Number............... 167-169
Retirement..................................................... 161
Governmental-cost payments (see also Expenditures,
U. S. Government):
All classes of government organizations.................. 214
All local governments..................... 214,230
Cities, otc....................................... 214,231-235,237
States.............................. 214,215,217,218
Gozo, Malta, and Cyprus Islands, trade with
United States.............................................. 510,511
Grade crossing projects.................................. 410,900
Grain (see aZso individual classes):
Acreage, production, and value---------------- 606
Of irrigated crop----------- 626,831
Acreage losses....................... 695
Car loadings________ 444
Fnrm Income from,.................................... 668,669
Foreign trade.,........... 474,475,520,581,682,673,874
Export Indexes............... 874
Indoxes of volume of production................. 672
Mill products.................................. 737,739,806
Prices:
Farm Indexes,____ _____ 672
W holesale.................................... 326,736
Indexes..................................... 324
Receipts at ports and markets___________ 736
Revenue freight carried, by railroads---------------- 441
By vessels..................................... 460,461
Used in manufacture of liquors___________ 803
Wholesale trade............................. - ............. 871
Grain sorghums (kafir, milo, etc.):
Acreage, production, and valuo-------- 690,702,714
Of irrigated crop— ..................................... 631
Exports....................................... .................. - 520
Farm Income from---------------- 009
Price, farm.............. ....................... -.......... 702,714
Market..................... 736
Granite:
Imports...........................................—............. 000
Quarries, summary.................... - .............. 760-702
Sales, quantity and value......... ....... 708
Grape sugar, exports...................... 529
Grapefruit;
Canned and preserved............... - ................. 738
Foreign trade........................................ 527,528,683
Production and value...............-.............. 097,721
OI irrigated crop......................... 031
Grapes:
Farm income from....................... 689
Farm prices.................................. 722
Foreign trade......................................... 628,583
Juice, canned.............................. 738
Grapos—Continued.
Page
Production and value............................... 697,721
Of irrigated crop......................................... 031
Graphite:
Foreign trade............. ................................. 546,602
Manufacture, summary................................. 825
Production...................................................... 765
Grass seed:
Acreage, production, and value................ - 090
Foreign trade............................................. 531,58B
Gravel. See Sand, gravel, etc.
Groese and tallow, manufacture, sum m ary... 821
Grease, lubricating, exports..................... 544
Manufacture, summary............. 822
Production..... ........ 793
Great Britain. See United Kingdom.
Greece, debt to United States.......................... 209
Foreign exchange rates................. 201
Immigration and emigration.............. 101,102,104
Trade with United States______ 470,607,610,611
Greenland, trade with United States... 470,508,609
Grindstones, exports.......................................... 646
Production...................................................... 705
Groceries;
Retail trade................ 377,878,880
Indexes of chain store sales........................ 880
Wholesale trade......................................... 872-875
Guam:
Area and date of accession............................ 1,2
Banks.............................................................. 200
Educational statistics................................ 109-112
Foreign trade.................................................. 618
Population.............................................. 2,918,919
Postal service............................ 393
Guatemala, trade with United States... 470,60S, 509
Guiana, trade with United States_____ 471,608,509
Gums, resins, etc., foreign trado......................- 474,
475, 492, 531,580, 587
Production (resin).................................. 760
Gypsum and gypsum products;
Calcined, production...................................... 796
Crude, mines and supply............................... 796
Foreign trado........................................ 547,600,796
Manufaeturo, summary............................... 825
Mines and quarries, summary......... 760,701,765
Sales............................. 796
Ilair and manufactures, foreign trade.. 638,593,594
H air work, manufacture, summary.................. 836
Haiti, trade with United States............. 470,508,509
Homs, bacon, etc.:
Foreign trado...................................... ........ 521,575
Prices:
E xport.____________________________ 333
Retail______________________________ 332
Wholesale............................ 325,684
Indexes............................. 084
Production................................. 694
Handkerchiefs, foreign trado__ 635,591,592,595
Manutacture.summary_______________ 812,813
Harbors. See Waterways, etc.
Hardware:
Exports_______ 551
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings__________ 336
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 344
Summary............................................ 827
Retail trade.............................. 876-878,881
Wholesale trade......................................... 872-875
Harness and saddles:
Exports................... 524
Manufactures, summary............................... 824
Persons employed on.......................... 04,65,824
Hats and hat materials;
Foreign trado............................... 539, 580,594,595
F ur and wool felt bat Industry;
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 343
Persons employed............... 03,05,809,810
Production.................................................. 843
Summary.................................................. 809,810
Hats and caps and materials, manufacture,
summary...................................... -............. 810
Millinery industry:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 343
Retail tra d e ............................................... 878
Summary................................................. — 814
Wholesale trade_______ —...........—— 871

Hawaii:
Area and date of accession............................ 1,2
Banks.................. 260,262,268
Births and deaths..................... 96
Building and loan associations...................... 272
Cane and cane-sugar production................ 724,726
Climatic conditions....................-.............. 148
Dwellings......................................... .. 918
Educational statistics___ 109-112,110-121,126-128
Employment service.. - -.......... 360-362, 364,365,383
Federal Housing Administration........ 275
Government finances..... ........... _, 216-218,226,227
Home Owners’ Loan Corporation........... 276
Internal revenue.......... . . . 180,184,186,187,190-192
Manufactures...... ............................. 922-924
National Guard............... 150
National parks...................................... 910
Old-age insurance......................................... 369
Population......... ........................... 2,6,11,21,918
Postal savings and postal service............... 273,393
Public assistance, Federal grants.................. 383
Publicroads......................................... 410
Railroads.............................. - . 425
Trade..................................... 514,616,619-621
Unemployment compensation........ 372-376,383
Water power, developed and potential........ 411
Hay:
Acreage, production, and value.. 696,703,718,719
Of irrigated crop.......... ............................ 626,631
Farm income from_________ 669
Foreign trade............................... 526,582
Prices, farm.................................... 703,718,719,736
Wholesale.................. 325
Revenue freight carried by railroads........ 441
Heading:
Estimated quantity of timber removed from
forests for.............................................. 744
Exports.................. 542
Prod uction............... 748
Health and sanitation, expenditures for, by
States, etc............................... 214,215, 219,233,235
Health insurance............................................... 301
Heating and plumbing equipment, etc.:
Exports.............................................. -........ 545,550
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........... 344
Manufacture, summary................. 827
Retail trade.................................................. 877,878
Wholesale price indexes........ .......... 324
Wholesale trade....... ................................... 873-875
Helium, production.......................................... 765
Hemp, flax, and jute, dutiable imports and
duties------------------ 520
Hemp, flax, and ramie and manufactures,
foreign trade............ -..........-....................... 537,592
Hemp, import prices......................................... 335
Imports...................................................... 592
Hides and leather products;
Revenue froight carriod by railroads............ 442
Wholesale prices.............................................. 326
Indexes................................... - 323,324
Hides and skins:
Foroign trado....... 474,475,494, 523,577, 578,673,674
Prices;
Import............................................. 334
Wholesale..................................................... 326
Indexes................................................. 324
Production....................................................- 694
Wholesale trade.......................... — ............- 871
Highways:
Construction and mileage, by States........413,416
Construction financed from Federal funds.. 416,
900
Expenditures for:
By all authorities........................................ 412
By cities................. 233,235
By State and local governments___214,215,219
By State highway departments.......412,414,415
By United States Government. 169,170,172,416
Funds available for.............................. 412,415,416
Summary of construction, mileage, etc........ 412
Wage rates in road building........................... 339
Historic sites. NationaL................................. 910,914
Hogs:
Foreign trade................. -............................ 521,575
Grazing in national forests........................ 742
Inspected and slaughtered.......................... 084,694
Number, value, and income from. 669,676, 677,679
INDEX 9 4 3
Hogs—Continued.
Page
Prices, farm................................................. 682, 683
Wholesale........................................... 325,682-684
Indexes................................ 684
Receipts and shipments at stockyards__ 681,682
Revenue freight carried by railroads___________ 441
Home economics, students in.......... ...... 118,124,127
Home loan banks. See Fed. home loan banks.
Home Owners’ Loan Corporation:
Assets and liabilities................... 286
Summary of refinancing operations.............. 276
Homes and families (see also Dwellings and
Families)........................................ 45-52,641,657
Veterans’ homes............................................. 156
Homestead entries of public land................. 129,130
Homicides........ ....... 86,96
Hominy and corn grits, exports...................... 520
Canned and processed................... 738,739
Honduras, trade with United States... 470,508,509
Honey, foreign trade........... ......... 529,585
Production.................. 680
Hong Kong, trade with United States............ 507,
512, 513, 774
Foreign exchange rates.................................. 291
Hooks arvd eyes. See Needles, etc.
Hops:
Acreage, production, and value................. 697,702
Of irrigated crop.............................._......... 631
Farm income from......................... 009
Farm price....................... 702
Foreign trade.............................................. 532,590
Horns. See Bones, etc.
Horse meat, exports....... .......... 521
Horses:
Foreign t r a d e ._____ _________ 525,581
Grazing in national forests............................ 742
Numbor and value, on farms................... 676-078
Horses and mules:
Receipts and shipments at stockyards................... 681
Revenue freight carried by railroads...................... 441.
Horseshoes, exports.......................... 549,774
Hose, rubber, exports........................................ 530
Production................... 850
Hosiery:
Foreign trade........................... 535,538,539,591,593
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings............. 337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 343
Production................................................... 842
Summary..................................................... 810
Wholesale prices............................................. 326
Wholesale trade.............................................. 871
Hospitals (see also Charities, etc.):
For mental pationts______ 73-70
For veterans................................................ 152,156
Hotel keepers, managers, etc.................... 70,890,891
Hotels:
Average hours and earnings of employees... 338
Building permits issued for........................... 899
Commercial failures....................................... 312
Indexes of employment and pay rolls..................... 347
Summary....... ............................................. 890,891
Hours of labor:
Minos and quarries..... .......... 338,762
Selected manufacturing industries............ 336,337
Selected nonmanufacturing industries.................... 338
Union indexes, in specified trades.............. 349-352
House furnishings:
Manufacture, sum m ary..______________ 814
Prices:
Cost-of-living indexes............................. 328,329
Wholesale.............. 327
Indexes................................................... 323,324
Retail trade........................................... 876-878,881
Wholesale trade........................................... 872-875
Housing, Sec Residential buildings.
Hungary, debt to United States...................... 209
Foreign exchange rates................... _............. 291
Immigration and emigration_______ 101,102,104
Trade with United States_____________ 510,511
Hunters, trappers, and guides.................. 70
Ice cream, manufacture;
Indexes of employment and pay rolls..................... 343
Milk utilized................................................. 688
Production............................... 680
Summary____________________ 805

9 4 4 INDEX
Ico, manufactured:
Page
Page
Revenue freight carried by railroads...................... 443 Insured banks......................... 270,271
Summary............... 807
Iceland, trade with United States......... 470,510,511
Illiterate persons......................................... 53-55,100
Illuminating oil. See Kerosene.
Immigration and emigration:
Admissions and departures of aliens.............09-105
Aliens admitted to citizenship......................35,107
Aliens debarred and deported. .................100,105
Aliens registered..................._ _.......... 100
By age groups........................ 100
By countries-.........................................101,102,104
By occupation, money brought, etc______ 100
By race......................... 103
By sex.................... 100
Citizens, arrivals and departures-............105,106
Illiterates admitted........................................ 100
Immigration quotas................ 104,105
Nonquota immigrants................................... 105
Implements and machinery, farm. See Agricultural
implements, etc.
Importers, exporters, and wholesale dealers.. 68,870
Imports. See Foreign trade.
Income:
Consumer...................................................... 316
Corporation............................ 189-198,200,201,204
Family, selected cities................................. 909
Farm ................ 668-671
Individuals filing income-tax returns........181-188
National, total and by sources....................314,315
Per capita, of all employees........................... 315
Income tax:
Federal:
Corporation____________ 179,189-108,2QQ, 201
Individual............................ 179,181,182,185-188
Summary...................... 106. 167,169,176.178-180
By States........................................ 180
State and local governments...............214-216,222
Income-tax returns, corporation.................. 189-204
Individual........... ....................................... 181-188
Index numbers. See respective subjects.
India, trade with United States...................... 471,
507,510,511,774
Foreign exchange rates............................... 201,292
India rubber. See Rubber.
Indian lands............................................ 129,130,135
Indians, number........... ......................... 11,13,17,19
Government expenditures for............. 168,173,175
Industrial and commercial failures............... 310-313
Industrial buildings, building permits issued.
Construction contracts awarded..................
Industrial stock and bond prices, yields, and
issues............... 306-308
Infant deaths, See under Vital statistics.
Infants’ foods, exports....................................... 622
Infants’ wear, manufacture, summary...................... 813
Inheritance and estate taxes:
Federal........................................... 178,179,205,206
State and local, ....................... 214-216,222
Ink, exports...................................................... 572
Manufacture, summary................................ 821
Insane and other mentally diseased in hospitals..................................
73-76
Insecticides, fungicides, etc.:
Exports........................................................... 566
Manufacture, summary................................ 821
Production, value............... 849
Instruments, etc., professional and scientific,
foreign trade. _............ 571,611
Manufacture, summary................................ 836
Insurance:
Agents, managers, and officials___ 68,302,303,348
Carriers and agencies, employment and
pay rolls............................................ 302,303,348
Casualty, surety, etc.................................. 300,301
Corporation income-tax returns.................... 197
Employees and taxable wages -.................... 371
Fire, marine, and lightning___________ 294,295
Fraternal orders............................................. 300
Loans to insurance companies by Reconstruction
Finance Corporation.................. 285
Life......................................... 152,154,155,296-300
Miscellaneous, by classes (stock companies).........................................................
301
M utual accldont and sick benefit................. 301
Old-age........................................................ 366-372
Terminations................................................. 298
United States Government....... ......... 152,154,155
Interest payments and receipts (see also under
Public debt)...............................................181-184,
188, 198-201, 214, 217, 218,
233, 235. 237, 314, 431
Interest rates.................................... 293,909 .
Intermediate credit banks, Federal:
Assets and liabilities............... 283,286
Loans and discounts............................. 278,279,283
Loans to, by Reconstruction Finance Corporation..................
285
Internal revenue (see. also Income tax):
Collections, summary___ 166,167,109,176.178-180
Refunds of receipts________ ■................. 169,174
Internal waterways, traffic............................ 458-462
International payments ...................- ................ 485
Investment trusts, capital issues...................... 309
Investments of banks. See Banks.
Iodine, imports................................................... 009
Production...................... 765
Iran, trade with United States...............471,510,511
Iraq (Mesopotamia), trade with United
States.......................- ........................ 471,510,511
Ireland, trade with United States.......... 470,510,511
Immigration and emigration............... 101,102,104
Irish Free State, trade with United States__ 470
Iron:
Ore:
Foreign trade...................................... 547,602,768
Mines.............................. 760-762
Production................................. 760,761,704,768
Revenue freight carried, by railroads....... 442
Byvossels................................................ 401
Shipments................................................... 768
Wholesale prices_____________________ 326
Pig:
Foreign trade............................... 547,602,769,774
Production......................................... 764,768,769
Revenue freight carried by railroads____ 443
Wholesale prices....................................... 326,775
Iron and steel and products:
Foreign trade.................................................. 474,
475,493, 547-551, 002,603, 768-770,773, 774
By destinations. . . ..................... -................ 774
Manufacture:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor........................... 339
Average hours and earnings....................... 336
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling
mills:
Average hours and earnings.................... 336
Indexes of employment and pay rolls... 344
Persons employed............... 03,05,773,826
Summary............... 768,773,826
Corporation income-tax returns................. 196
Indexes of employment and pay rolls... 342, 344
Industrial and commercial failures............ 312
Persons employed.................. 03,65,773,826-829
Production................................................. 768-773
Indexes...................... 804
Sales____ ____________________ . ___ 866,867
Sum m ary...______________________ 826-829
Prices:
Import..................... 335
Wholesale.................................................. 326,775
Indexes____ ________ ..__ 324
Revenue freight carried by railroads........... 443
Wholesale trade.......................................... 873
Irrigation enterprises:
Average of and capital invested in............ 027-629
Cost of operation and maintenance........... 627, 628
Crops grown on irrigated land___ 625,026,629-631
Government projects:
Acreage and crops grown......................... 625, 026
Construction and operation costs and repayments..............................................
622-624
Summary........................................................ 627
Italian Africa, trade with United States___512,513
Italian Somaliland, trade with United States.. 471
Italy:
Debt to United States................................... 209
Foreign exchange rates................................ 291,292
Immigration and emigration......... 101,102,104,105
Trade with United States..................... 470,
. 507, 510,511,731,774
Ivory Coast, trade with United States............ 471
Ivory tusks, in natural state, imports.............. 681

Pago
Jamaica, trade with United States........ 470,508,609
Japan:
Foreign exchange rates.-____ ___________291,292
Immigration and emigration..................... 101,102
Shipments through United States...............- OH
Trade with United States.............................. 471,
607,612,613,731,774
Japanese, number in U. S ...................... 11,13,17,19
Java, trade (see also Netherlands Indies)................... 471
Jewelry:
Foreign trade.................................... 673,600
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 344
Persons employed.......................... 02,04,06,830
Sum m ary................................................. 830
Retail dealers................................... 08,879,881
Retail trade................................... 876,877,879,881
Wholesale trade........................................... 872-876
Joint-stock land banks:
Assets and liabilities............................ 281
Loans closed and outstanding....................... 282
Loans to, by Reconstruction Finance Corporation.......—............
286
Journalism courses, students in........................ 118
Judicial service (Federal), employees and
payrolls.................................. 167
Expenditures lor....................... 173,175
-Jute and jute manuiaotures (see also Flax,
hemp, and jute):
Foreign trade............................................... 637,591
Import prices..............................................- 334,835
Manufacture, summary................................. 808
Products.................................................. 844
Juvenile delinquents.......................................... 80
INDEX 9 4 5
Land—Continued.
Page
In drainage enterprises................................ 632,033
Irrigated........................................................ 026-031
Lapidary work, manutacturo, summary__________ 836
Lard:
Cold-storage holdings...................... 690
Consumption............................. 086
Exports..........-.............................................. 622,086
Indexes_________ —______________ — 674
Prices:
Export........................................................... 333
Retail..................... -..................................... 332
Wholesale................................................... 325,034
Indexes................................................ 084
Production.............................. 086,004
Lath, foreign trade............................ 542,648,507,774
Production........................................................ 748
Latin America, trade with United States... 512, 513
Latvia, debt to United States...... .................... 200
Immigration and emigration.................. . 102,104
Trade with United Statos................... 470,610,611
Laundries:
Average hours and earnings.....................................- 338
Commercial failures..................................................- 312
Indexes oi employment and pay rolls__________ 847
Persons employed.................................70,837, goo
Summary................................... - ............... 887, sgo
Laundry machinery, exports............................ 501
Production, value.................... •.__________ 852
Law courses, students in........ ............ 118
Lawn mowers, exports................. 662
Production, value...................................... 852,854
Lead (see also Lead and zinc mines):
Average value per pound............................... 778
Consumption...... ................. 779
Foreign trade........................ 563,005,779
Kafir (see also Grain sorghums), market Manufacture, products___________ 779
prices.......................................... 730
Summary......................... 829
Exports....................................-...................... 626
Production..................................... 704,778,770
Kale, commercial acreage, production, and
Wholesale prices.................. 320,757
value................................................................. 720
Lead and lead ore, production_____________ 704
Kenya and Tanganyika Territory, trade with
Lead and zinc mines:
United States............................................... - 471
Hours oi labor-------- ------------------------------ 702
Kerosene (illuminating oil):
Persons employed______ ___________ 02,760,762
Consumption.......................................... 794
Summary........................... 760
Foreign trade______________ ____ 544,699,794
Leather and leather products (see also Boots
Prices, export---------- 333
and shoes):
Foreign trade--------------------- 492,623-625,67a, 579
Market___________________ 795
Production____________ 793,794
Manufacture:
Avorage hourly wage rates paid common
Stocks.........................- ............................ 792,794
Knit goods:
labor................................................... ....... 339
Foreign trade__________ 635,637-639, 691,693,695
Avorage hours and oarnlngs____ _______ 337
Corporation income-tax returna________ 193,
Manufacture:
Corporation income-tax returns............. 190
195,100,199,290,203
Indexes of employment and pay rolls._. 342,343
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 343 Industrial and commercial failures___________ 312
Production..................................- ......... 842 Persons employed.......................... 04,65,823,824
Summary....................................-............... 819 Production--------------------------------------- 845
Wholesale prices.................. -.......... 326 Indexes........................... 804
Indexes............................................. 324
Kongo, Belgian. See Belgian Congo.
Sales--------------------------------------------- 806,807
Kwantung, trade with United States... 612,613,774
Summary_________________________ 823,824
Prices:
Kyanite, production................................... 705 Export_____________________________ 333
Wholesale___________________________ 326
Labor. See Hours of labor and Wages.
Indexes------------------------------------ ----- 324
Labor income....................................................314,316 Wholesale trade------------------------ 873
Labor strikos____________ _________ 364,365,780 Leather, artificial:
Laborers............................................ 01,04-68,70,199 Exports........ -................. 539
Labrador and Newfoundland, trade with Manufacture, summary_________________ 816
United States................. 607-609 P ro d u c tio n .----------- 843
Laces and lace goods (see also Embroideries): Legislative servlco, employees and pay rolls.. 157
Foreign trade_______ .______ 530,591,692,594,595 Expenditures for................. . . . . 100,171,175
Manufacture, summary................................. 810 Lemons, foreign trade...... ....................... 527,583
Production............................... — 842 Production and value........ .......................... 697,721
Lamb (see ateo Mutton and lamb):
Of irrigated crop........................................... 031
Imports....................... 576 Lesser Antilles, trade with United States.................. 470
Prices, retail_________________________ 332 Lettuce, commercial acreage, production, and
Wholesale....................... -.............. - .......... 326 value.................. 720
Lambs, prices (see also Sheep), farm---------- 082,683 Liability Insurance.......................... 301
Wholesale........................................— 325,082,083 Liberia, debt to United States..................... 200
Lampblack. See Carbon black, etc.
Trade with United States..................... 471, 612, 513
Lamps, foreign trade.............................. 655,574,600 Liberty loan bonds.............................................. 210
Production, value........... ---------- 853
Land (see also Public lands):
Libraries:
Area oi United States............. ...................... 1,2 Governmental-cost payments Tor................214,216
Farm.............. 634,636-630,042-044,040-048,060-052 Volumes in institutions of higher education.. 120
By utilization.................................... 034,038,039 Libraries and schools, building permits___________ 809
Crop land....................... 034,038,089,642,647,048 | Libya, trade with United States..__________ 470

9 4 6 INDEX
Page
License taxes, State and local governments. 214-210,
222,232,234
Lifbinsuranco___________ . . . . 152,154,165,296-300
Light andfuelpriees:
Cost-of-livingindexcs............... 328,329
Wholesale.......... ............... 326
Indexes.................................... 323,324
Light and power. See Electric light and
power.
Lighting equipment, manufactures:
Indexes of employment and payrolls...................... 344
Summary.................... 830
Limbs,artificial,exports--............................... 571
Lime:
Foreign trade........................................ 545,600,609
Manufacture, summary........... ..................... 825
Production..................................................... 766
Revenue freight carried byrailroads.............. 443
Wholesale prices................ ............................ 327
Limestone:
Consumed in manufacture of pig iron...................... 768
Quarries, summary........... ......................... 760-762
Bales............ ......... 798
Linen goods:
Manufacture, summary.-.............................. 809
Production.............................................. —- 844
Linen, etc., supply service................................ 888
Linoleum and oilcloth:
Foreign trade........................ 539,596
Manufacture,summary...............................815,816
Production..................................................... 843
Linseed cake and meal, exports......................... 527
Linseed oil, eto.:
Foreign trade................................:............. 531,688
Manufacture, sum m ary.............................. 822
Wholesale prices.............................................- 327
Liquors, fermented, distilled, and vinous (see
also Liquors and beverages):
Ethyl alcohol produced at denaturing
plants........................... -........... 863
Foreign trade.. ........... .... 529,585,586,862
Manufacture, summary............................. 807,808
Materials used............................................. 863
Pro duction and tax-paid withdrawals........... 862
Indexofproduction..................................... 804
Retail trade.................................. - 876,877,879,880
State monopoly systems, finances................ 218
Taxes on............. - 178,179,222
Wholesale trade__________________ 871,873-875
Liquors and beverages (see also Liquors, fermented,
etc.):
Corporation income-tax returns. .................. 193,
195,196,199,200,202
Dutiable imports and duties........................ 519
Persons employed in manufacture_ 63,65,807,808
Lithium minerals, production......................... 766
Lithographing, summary................-................ 819
Lithuania, debt to United States..— ............ 209
Immigration and emigration........................102,104
Trade with United States.................... 470,510,511
Livestock. See Animals, domestic, and individual
classes.
Livestock insurance............ ............................. 301
Living costs, indexes of ................. 328,329,338,673
Loans (see ofso Public debt):
Bank loans.................................-......... 251-263,270
Classified.............. -.......................... 251,258,263
Brokers’ borrowings....................... 251,258,263,305
Building andloan associations....... .............. 272
By stock exchange firms to customers...................... 305
Farm. See Agricultural loans.
F e d e ra l h o m e lo an b a n k s ........................................ 277
Federal Housing Administration............... 274,275
Foreign (see also Foreign capital issues)................... 209
Home Owners* Loan Corporation................ 276
Interest rates on call and time loans............... 293
Long-term debt........................... 320,321
Of Government credit agencies, summary.. 286
Reconstruction Finance Corporation....... 285,286
Lobsters, imports........ ......................................
Propagation................................
577
756
Local and Stato government, bond issues........ 213,
D ebt....................................................214,218,225-229
Local government finances (s e e a ls o City
governments)........................................... 214,228-231
Locomotives:
Exports.......................................................... 567
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Production, value................................... 861,852
Summary...................................................... 833
Number and weight........................... 426,428,449
Number installed and number retired.......... 427
Lodging houses, construction................ ........... 899
Loganberries, acreage, production, and value.. 697
Exports............................................................ 528
Logs, etc., foreign trade................... 474,475,540,596
Revenue freight carried by railroads............ 442
Longshoremen.................................................... 66
Louisiana Purchase, area and date acquired.. I
Lubricants, grease and oil:
Consumption.................................................. 794
Foreign trade....................................... 644,509,794
Manufacture, summary...... .......................... 822
Manufacturers’ excise taxes......................... 179
Production................. 793,794
Stocks............................................................ 792,794
Wholesale prices........................................... 327,795
Luggage, leather, exports................................... 624
Lumber and allied products:
Foreign trade....... 474,475,493,495,540-542,596,697
Manufacture:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor........................................................... 330
Average hours and earnings....................... 336
Corporation income-tax returns................. 193,
105, 106,199,200,203
Estimated quantity of timber removed
from forests for.......................................... 744
Indexes of employment and pay rolls... 342,343
Persons employed............................ 61,64,65,816
Production.................. 745,746
Indexes............................................... 804
Summary..................................................... 816
Prices:
Export................................................... 333
Import.......................................................... 335
Mill..............................................................745,747
Wholesale........................ 327
Indexes..........................—...................... 324,907
Retail trade......................... 876-878,881
Revenue freight carried, by railroads........... 442
By vessels----------- 461
Wholesale trade.................... 872-875
Lumber and building materials:
Retail trade............................... 876-878,881
Industrial and commercial failures............ 312
Wholesale prices................ 327
Indexes.......................................... 323,324,907
Wholesale trade.... ....................................... 872-875
Industrial and commercial failures............ 312
Luxemburg, immigration.................................. 104
Macaroni, spaghetti, etc., foreign trade........ 526,581
Manufacture, summary........... ........ 806
Machine shops and foundries:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor.............. —.......................... 339
Average hours and earnings......................... 336
Indexes of employment and pay rolls..................... 344
Manufacture, summary............... 827,831,833
Machine-tool accessories and machinists*
precision tools and instruments:
Manufacture, summary................................. 832
Production, value..................................... 855
Machine tools:
Exports......... .......... _........................ 658,559
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings................ 336
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Production............................ 852,865
Summary............... 832
Wholesale trade............................................... 872
Machinery (see a lso in d iv i d u a l c la s s e s):
Foreign trade............- 474,476,493,554-563,606,607
Manufacture:
Corporation income-tax returns________ 961
Indexes of employment and nay rolls.. 342,344
Industrial and commercial failures................. 312
Production.............................................. 851-857
Indexes.............. . ......................... 804
Sales.......................................... 866,867
Summary.......................... 831-833

INDEX 9 4 7
Machinery—Continued.
Page Manufacturing industry—Continued. Page
Revenue freight carried by railroads........ __ 443 Persons employed, summary (see also
Wholesale trade.................. 872-875 Manufacturing and mechanical industry). 802
Maekerol:
Summary................. 802
Canned-..................................... — Wage 738 rates paid common labor..................— 339
Import prices..... ........... -..........-............. 334 Maplo sugar and sirup:
Imports........................ 570 Farm value and Income from......... ............ 669,690
Propagation....... ............. 766 Imports........... ............................... 585
Quantity and value landed by Ashing vessels-----------
754 Marble, foreign trade________ 546,600
Production...................................... —............. 725
Madagascar, trade with United States- 471,512,613 Production (sales)...................- ....................... 798
Madeira and Azores Islands, trade with United Quarries, summary------------ 760-702
States..............—.....................— ........ 470,510,511 Marble and stonework, manufactures:
Magnesite:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls..................... 343
Imports-..............................-........-............— 0 02 Persons employed_____________ — 63,68,826
Mines, summary-_______ 700 Summary............................... —............-........ 825
Production________ 766 Marine and lire insurance.........- ........... 294
Magnesium, production.....................-.......... 764 Marine Corps personnel. ....... - .................... 150,157
Magnesium oxide, production_____ _____ __ 766 Marine wrecks and casualties............ ............... 467
Magnesium salts, production.................... 766 Marital status of popu lation................. 42-45
Mail carried............................................ 380,301,302 Maritime Commission. See United states
Mail carriers, number..................................... 67,302 Maritime Commission.
Mail cars, number............................................ 428 Marketing and purchasing through farmers’
Mail revenues of railways................................ 438 organizations................................................ 660,607
Malaya, British, trade with United States__ 471 Markets, principal:
507, 510, 511, 774 Receipts:
Malt, foreign trade...................... 626,582 Dairy products................................ 687
Manufacture, summary................................ 807 Domestic animals..................................... 681,682
Used in manufacture of liquors.................... 803 Eggs............................................................... 689
M alt liquors (sec also Liquors fermented, etc.):
Fish............................................................. 763,754
Foreign trade............................................. 520,862 Grain.............................................................. 735
Internal revenue tax.................................. 178,179 Poultry................................................... 680
Manufacture, summary................................ 808 Wool.............................................................. 092
Production and tax-paid withdrawals_____ 862 Shipments, domestic animals..................... 681,682
Retail trade.................................... 870,877,879,880 Marl, production........................ 766
Wholesale trade................................... 871,873-875 Marriages, divorces, and annulments................ 97,98
Malta, Gozo, and Cyprus Islands, trade with Married persons.................................................... 42-45
United States................ -..................... 470,610, 111 Matches, foreign trade................................... 574,613
Malted milk, infants’ foods, eto.:
Manufacture, summary............... 817
Foreign trad e-........................................... 622,570 Mats and matting, imports.. -........................... 696
Milk utilized in manufacture of................... 088 Mattresses and bed springs, exports................. 539
Production............ ......... 088 Manufacture, summary................................— 836
Manganese and manganese ore:
Mauritius, trade with United States............. — 471
Imports....................................................... 003,004 Meal, corn:
Mines, summary............................................ 700 Exports-...................................... —..... 526
Production............................... 764 Production................................... 737
Manganiferous ore, production................... 704 Receipts oi, at six Atlantic ports................... 735
Manila and manufactures, foreign trade___ 637,602 Rotail prices.......................... 332
Import prices............................. 335 M eat and meat products (see also Slaughtering
Manufactured products:
and meat packing):
Foreign trade................... 474,476,408,499,501-503 Cold-storage holdings................................... 600
Distribution.................. — ........................ 497 Consumption................. 685
Exports in relation to production.............. 486 Foreign trade............. 492,521,622,576,673,674,685
Indexes of quantity and value_______— 490 Prices:
Indexes of production................................... 804 E xport.----------------- 333
Revenue freight carried by railroads____ 440,443 . Retail—_______ — 332
Value of. See under Manufacturing industry.
Wholesale................ 325,684
Indexes.............. 331
Wholesale price indexes................ —............. 328 Indexes............................................. 324,684
Manufacturers and officials, number............... 62 Production........................................ . . 685,694
Manufacturers’ excise taxes........ — ........ — 178,179 Retail trado..................................... 877,878
Manufacturers’ sales.......................... ........... 860,867 Revenue freight carried by railroads.......... 442
Manufacturing and mechanical industry, persons
employed...................................... 57-59,61-66 Mechanical and manufacturing industries,
Wholesale trade....................................... 872
Manufacturing industry (see also individual in- persons employed........... ............ 57-59,61-66
(lUStTlCS) *
Medical students in colleges, ete...................... 118
Average hours and earnings..................— 336-338 Medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations:
Indexes....... .............------- 340 Foreign trade........................... 474,475, 565,566,608
Capital issues............................................. 308,309 Manufacture, summary.................................. 820
Contribution to national income................. 315 Production, value................ — 849
Corporation income-tax returns... 193-197,109-204 Wholesale price Indexes.................................. 324
Distribution of sales, by primary channels. 866,807 Wholesale trade......................... 871
Dividend payments___-........................... - 109 Melons, exports................. 528
(Employees and taxable wages............ 371,374,375 Memorials, National.......................... 910,914
Establishments, wage earners, value of products,
etc.:
Merchandise exports and imports. See For­
Mental patients and defectives........... 73-76,122,123
By industry groups and industries....... 805-888, eign trade.
921-924 Merchandise, general;
By industrial areas..................................... 841 Retail trado.................. 876-878
By size of establishments.......................... 803 Commercial failures............... 312
By States................................................. 839,840 Wholesale trado......................... 872,874,876
Indexes of employment and payrolls:
Merchant marine:
By industry groups and industries........ 342-344 Disasters to ....................................................... 467
Durable and nondurable goods groups— 341 Exports of mcrohant vessels........................... 564
For speciflod States.................................... 346 Fuel consumed by........................ 544,785,786,701
Summary for Industry—....................... 340,803 Number and tonnage................... ........ 463-465,468
Indexes of production................................ 803,804 Of the world...................................................... 465
Industrial and commercial failures............ 311,312 Tonnage employed in foreign tra d e ... 463,475-481
N et profits......... ............................ 200,201,204,801 U. S. Government vessels.............................. 469

9 4 8 INDEX
Merchant marine—Continued.
Page
Vessels launched........................................... 465
Mercury:
Foreign trade............................................. 553,606
Mines, summary..................-.................... 760,701
Production............................. _..................... 764
Wholesale prices............................................ 757
Mesopotamia. See Iraq.
Metal mines. See Mines and quarries.
Metals and metal products (see also individual
metals)'.
Accidents and fatalities and number employed
in metal mines..... .......................... 801
Car loadings.................................................. 444
Foreign trade................... 474,475,547-553,002-606
Dutiable imports and duties..................... 518
Manufacture (see also individual industries):
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor.... .......... 339
Average hours and earnings.................... 336
Corporation income-tax returns................ 104-
196, 199,201,203
Incloses of employment and pay rolls__ 342,344
Sales...........................„........................... 866,807
Summary................................................ 826-831
Production of metals.............. 757,760,701,764,765
Indexes....................................................... 804
Revenue freight carried by railroads......... 442,443
Wholesale prices.................................. 326,327,757
Indexes............................ 323,324
Wholesale fcrado......................................... 873,874
Meters, gas and water, exports............... 561
Mexican Cession, area and date of accession__ 1
Mexicans, number in United States_____ 13,17,19
Mexico:
Foreign exchange rates,........................... 291,292
Immigration and emigration............... 101,102,105
Shipments through United States................ 014
Trade with United States........... 470,507-509,774
Mica:
Foreign trade.......................... 547,601
Mines, summary....................................... 760,761
Production-................................................... 706
Midwives and nurses (untrained). _................ 70
Military and naval personnel (see also Vot*
eransr benefits)................................... 149,150,157
Military and naval services abroad................. 2
Milk, (see also Dairy products):
Foreign trade............................................. 522,570
Malted, etc.:
Foreign trade...................................... 522,576
Milk utilized in manufaoturo of................. 688
Production................................................. 686
Manufacture of milk products:
Milk utilized.............................................. 088
Production.............................................. 686,604
Summary............................................... 805
Prices:
Export........................................................ 333
Retail......................................................... 332
Wholesale................................................ 325,684
Indexes.................................................... 684
Production and value............................... 686,691
Sugar, production.................................... 680,094
Millet soed. acreage, production, and value__ 696
Millinery (see also Hats, etc.):
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 343
Persons employed........................ 02,814
Summary.......................................... 814
Retail trade................................................... 878
Wholesale trade............................................. 871
Millstones, production..................................... 766
Summary....................................................... 700
Milo. See Grain sorghums.
Mineral and soda waters, foreign trade........ 529,586
Production (mineral water).................. 766
Mineral land entries and receipts under Mineral
Leasing Act........................... 129,131,134,176
Mineral oil. See Petroleum.
Mineral earth pigments, foreign trade_____ 568,009
Mineral paints, production.............................. 768
Minerals and mineral products (see also
Mines and quarrios and each mineral):
Car loadings............... 444
Foreign trade................... 474,475, 544-553,599-606
Exports in relation to production.............. 486
Index of production....................................... 804
Minerals and mineral products—Con. Page
Manufacture, summary.............................. 824-831
Revenue freight carried by railroads.. 440,442,443
Sales............................................................. 800,867
Summary of mineral production............ — 757,
760,761,703-767
Mines and quarries:
Accidents and fatalities.................................. 801
Average hours and earnings------------- ------ 338
Contribution of mining industry to national
income........................................................... 315
Corporation income-tax returns..................... 193,
195,196,199,200,202,204
Employees and taxable wages............. 371,374,375
Explosives used................................... .......... 860
Hours oflabor................................................ 762
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........... 347
Persons employed__ 57-59,01,62,374,758-762,801
Size of producing establishments.................. 762
Strikes in coal mines.......................... ... 780
Summary......................................... .......... 757-762
Value of products........................... 486,757-761,763
Mining machinery, exports.................. 557
Production, value..........................-............... 852
Wholesale) trade......................................... —- 872
Miquelon and St. Pierre Islands, trade with
United States............................................... 508,509
Mirrors and other glass products, manufacture,
summary___ ____-................... 826
Models and patterns (not paper), manufacture,
summary................................................ 836
Mohair and mohair cloth, farm value................ 686
Foreign trade..................... -................... 537,593
Molasses, foreign trade...................... 474,475,529,585
Production.................................................. 724, 739
"Used in manufacture olliquors....................... 865
Molybdenum, production................................. 764
Money (see also Banks and Money rates):
Coinage.................................................. 240
Held in Treasury and by Federal Reserve
banks and agents.......................... ----........ 242
In circulation and stock of... ........................240-242
Money orders (postal) issued........................ 389,390
Money rates:
Discount, of Federal Reservo banks......... 246,247
Exchange, foreign........................................ 291,292
Interest and acceptance, New York............. 293
Monuments, National......................................910-913
Morocco, trade with United States........471,512,513
Mortgages, farm and other real estate:
Farm........ . .................................-............... 653-655
Held by banks..................................... 251,258,263
Held by building and loan associations------ 272
Held by Farm Credit Administration___ 278-284
Held by Home Owners’ Loan Corporation... 270
Held by life insurance companies.................. 297
Insured by F. H. A .........._........................ 274,275
Long-term debt.............................................. 320
Mother-of-pearl, imports................................... 581
Mother tongue of foreign-born white population................................................................
34
Motion-picture equipment and supplies (see
also Photographic material), foreign
trade................................................... 570,571,611
Wholesale trade............... 871
Motion-picture theaters and motion-picture
production, corporation income-tax returns.......................................................
197
Summary of production.................................. 864
Motor fuel (see also Gasoline), summary..................... 794
Taxes..................................................... 215,222,418
Motor transportation:
Employment, pay rolls, and average weekly
wages......................................................... 348
Summary.................................................... 454-456
Motor truck drivers, union wage rates.............. 354
Motor trucking, employment, pay rolls, and
weekly wages................................................... 348
Motor vehicle corporations, capital issues................... 309
Income-tax returns............... 194-196,199,201,203
Motor vehicle insurance..................................... 301
Motor vehicle taxes, fees, licenses, etc., and
motor fuel taxes......... 179,215,222,412,415,418,420
Motor vehicles:
Fatalities caused by............................... 86,421-423
Foreign trade................. 493,503,607
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings__________________ 336

Motor vehicles—Continued. Tago !
Manufacture—Continued.
Corporation income-tax returns........ 184-193,
199,201,20S
Excise taxes....................-.............. -........... 179
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 344
Persons otnployed................................ 63,66,833
Production........................ -................... 362,868
Sales..................-........................................ 417,418
By price groups....................................... 417
Summary..................................................... 833
On farm s..................................................... 662,603
Registration______________ _____ _ 417,419-421
Bepair shops, rental service, etc.................... 888
. Retail trade........................ ................ 877,878,880
Commercial failures............ ....... 312
Indexes............................................ 886
Revenue freight carried by railroads........................ 443
Revenue from, by States (see also Motor
vehicle taxes, etc.)....................................... 420
Wholesale prices-................ 327
Indexes..................... 824
Wholesale trade.................... 871
Commercial failures...... .......................... 312
Motorhus transportation, summary.............. 454-468
Employment, pay rolls, and average weekly
wage............................-............................... 348
Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts:
Exports...........................................................- 604
Manufacture, summary............................ 833
Production................................................... 852,858
Motors, electric, exports................................... 555
Production, value.......................................... 863
Motor-vehicle parts:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor................... 339
Manufacture, summary.............—.............. 833
Mozambique, trade with United States........... 471
612, BIS, 774
Mucilage, paste, etc., manufacture, summary. 821
Mules (see also Horses and mules), exports... 525
Number and value of, on farms................. 676-678
Municipal and State bond prices, yields, and
Issues...................................................... 304,306-309
Municipalities:
Employees.................................... ........ 224,238, 239
Finances......................................... 214,228-236, 237
Tax levies...................... 230,237
Musical instruments (see also Radios):
Foreign trade.................................. 571,611
Manufacture, summary................................. 834
Wholesale trade....................... 872
Mutton and lamb:
Consumption____________________ 685
Foreign trade____________________ 621,675,6S5
Production__________ ______________ 685,694
Wholesale prices and Indexes____________ 684
Nalls:
Foreign trade____________________ 549,603,774
Manufacture, summary................. 827
Prices, export------------ 333
Wholesale_____ _____ 320
Production_________ 769,772
Naphtha, production-------------------- — 793
National banks. See under Banks.
National debt, public and private (see a lso
Public debt)................................................ 320,321
National defense, expenditures for.. 169,170,173-175
National farm loan associations, number------ 278
National forests-............................................ 741,742
National Government finance, See under
Receipts, Expenditures, Public debt, etc.
National Guard, strength of..................... 149,160
National Income...................................... — 314,315
Consumer incomes.................-..................... 316
National Park and Monument System. 910-915,917
National Youth Administration, persons employed
and earnings............................ 358,377-381
Natural gas:
Annual supply of energy from...................... 400
Consumed_____________ 405,406,788
Prices......................................................... 790
Production_____ :___ — 766,788
Summary_________________ — .789
Wells, summary__________________ 761
Natural gasoline:
Exports__________________________—— 544
INDEX 9 4 9
Natural gasoliue—Continued,
Page
Plants, summary............................................ 761
Production............................................. 766,788,793
Run lo stills or blended at refineries............. 794
Stocks........ ................................. 792
Naturalized citizens...................... 36,100,107
Naval and military services abroad..... ............ 2
Naval stores, gums, resins, eto. (see also T urpentine)
, foreign trade.................. 474,
476,492,530,631.686.587
Wholesale trade.................................. 871
Navy Department:
Civil service employees................................... 158
Injuries to .................................................... 162
Expenditures for............................ 168-170,173,175
N avy personnel.............................................. 160,157
N avy vessels....... ............................................ 160,151
Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes, foreign
trade......... ............ 551,603
Manufacture, summery....................... 330
Negro population. S e e Population, by color
or raee.
Netherlands;
Foreign exchange rates................................ 201,292
Immigration and emigration............. 101,102,104
Shipments through United States................. 614
Trade with United States.. - 470,607,610,511,774
Netherlands Guiana (Surinam), trade with
United States................................ 471,608,509
Netherlands Indies, trade with United
States........................................ 471,507, 510, 511, 774
Netherlands West Indies (Curacao), trade
with United S tates............................. 508,509,774
Nets and seines, fish, manufacture, summary. 809
New Caledonia, trade with United S tates... 471
Newfoundland and Labrador, trade with
United States............................................ 507-500
Immigration and emigration.......................... 102
News dealers, retail trade.............................. 877.879
Newsboys, number............................................. 68
Nowspaners and periodicals, printing and
publishing:
Average hours and earnings................. 337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls-------- 343
Products and recoipts....................... 851
Summary.................... -..................— ........ — 819
Union wage rates--------------------------- 353,354
Indexes.______ ______ 362
Wholesale trade------- --------- 873
New York Stock Exchange, value of securities
listed on and volume of sales. - ........... 304,305
New Zealand, trade with United States____ - 471,
507,612.513
Immigration and emigration................101,102,104
Nicaragua, debt to United States...................... 209
Trade with United States................... 470,508,609
Nickel products:
Foreign trade.......... .......................—.......... 553,606
Production.............................................1— 764,779
Nigeria, trade with United States_____471,512,513
N itrate of soda:
Im port prices.......... .................................. 335
Im ports...........................i ............................... 610
Wholosale prices—........................- ............... 327
Nitrogenous materials ( s e e a l s o N itrate of
soda), foreign trade................................ 689,610
Production......... ......... — 846
Nonelay refractories, manufactures, summ
ary................................ -.......... 825
Nondurable goods Industries:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls--------- 341
Indexes of production............................... 804
Nondurable goods, wholesale price indexes.. 328
Noniorrous metals and products. S e e Metals
and metal products.
Normal schools and teachers* colleges... 114,118,119
North America, shipments through United
States......................... 614
Trade with United States...........- .............. 502-509
Norway:
Foreign exchange rates.................................... 291
Immigration and emigration................101.102,104
Trade with United States.. . . 470,507,510,511,774
Notes:
Federal Reserve.............................. 211,240,241,244
National bank................................... 240,241,266
Stock and circulation of, summary______ 240,241

9 5 0 INDEX
Notes—Continued.
Page
Treasury............................................. 207-209,210
Nurse-training schools.................................. 118,121
Nursery and greenhouse stock:
Foreign trade........ -............ ......... 474,475,531,580
Wholesale trade......................-................. — 873
Nuts (see also Fruits and nuts):
Farm income from........................................ 669
Foreign trade..................................—-...... 528,584
Production and value,.................................. 697
Of irrigated crop.............................-.......... 631
Oats:
Acreage losses........................... 695
Acreage, production, and value.......... 696,699,712
Of irrigated crop—.................................. 626,681
Consumed in flour mills................................ 737
Farm income from......................................... 669
Foreign trade............................................. 526,581
Prices, farm.......... -............................. 699,712,736
Wholesale.......................... -................. 325,736
Receipts at ports and markets...................... 735
Revenue freight carried by railroads............ 441
Stocks, commercial.................................... — 734
Obligations of foreign governments to United
States............................................................. 209
Occupations of entire population (see also individual
occupations and industries).................56-70
Oceania (and Asia), trade with United States. 502-
507,512,513
Shipments through United States....... ........ 614
Office appliances and supplies, exports........ 561,572
Wholesale trade....................................... 872
Ohio River traffic. ..................................... 461,462
Oil and gas wells:
Corporation income-tax returns.................... 196
Indexes of employment and pay rolls..................... 347
Number and production............................... 795
Persons employed........................................ 62,761
Summary.......................................... ............ 761
Oil, cake, and meal, cottonseed:
Foreign trade................... 527,529,531, 582,584,730
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 343
Production............................................ 730
Summary.............................................. 822
Oil cake and oil-cake meal, export prices......... 333
Foreign trade................................ 492,526,527,582
Oil corporations, capital issues........................ 309
Income-tax returns........................................ 196
Oil lands withdrawn from general settlement. 134
Oil-well machinery:
Exports.................................................... 558
Production, value....... -................. .............. 862
Wholesale trade.......... -........... . ........... 872
Oilcloth and linoleum:
Foreign trade............... 539,596
Manufacture, summary....... —.......... 815,816
Production..........................................................843
Oils:
Animal (and fats), foreign trade............. 474,
475,492,522,525,575,580,673,674
Animal and vegetable, retail price index__ 331
Manufacture, summary....................... 822
Wholesale trade. — ................................. 873
Fish, foreign trade......................... 474,475,625,580
Production................................................ 765
Fuel:
Annual supply of energy from.................... 400 ;
Bunker, laden on vessels........................ 544,791
Consumption....................... 402,405,406,446,794
Foreign trade....................... 544,599,791,793,794
Production.............................................. 793,794
Stocks......................................................... 792
Wholesale prices...................................... 326,795
Mineral. See Petroleum products.
Vegetable:
Foreign trade......................................... 474,475,
494,528,529,531,584,587,673,674,730
Manufacture, summary............... .............. 822
Prices, cottonseed oil, export..................... 333
Wholesale........................... 325
Production, cottonseed oil........... ............. 730
Revenue freight carried by railroads................... 442
Wholesale trade............................................. 873
Oils and fats, wholesale prices indexes............. 324
Oilseeds, foreign trade................................... 531,587
Oilstones, production............................... 766
Page
Old-ago assistance..................................... 378-381,383
Old-age insurance............. - .............. 366-372
Old-age pensions and retirement__ 161,378-381,383
Oleomargarine:
Exports.........................-.................................. 522
Manufacture, summary___ ______ 807
Production and materials............................ 688
Wholesale prices........................— ............... 325
Olives:
Canned....................................... 738
Imported.......................................................... _ 583
Production and value of irrigated crop................... 631
Olivine, production........ -......... ....... 766
Onions:
Acreage, production, and value................. ___ 720
Of irrigated crop........................................... 628
Foreign trade____ ___________________ 527, 582
Retail prices...............................-.................... 332
Optical goods:
Foreign trade............... i ...................-........... 571,011
Manufacture, summary............................ 836
Wholesale trade....................................................... - 872-875
Opticians, number.........................................—— 88
Oranges:
Exports.................. — 527
Juice, canned..............-................................... 738
Prices:
Farm_____ _____ 703
Retail............................................................ 332
Wholesale..................................................... - 325
Production and value........................... 897,703,721
Of irrigated crop..........................................- 631
Orchard products. See Fruits and Nuts.
Ordnance and accessories, exports................ 572,573
Ores, crude (see also each ore):
Car loadings.............................................. 444
Foreign trade............................................... 474,475
Mines, summary............. 760,761
Production............................. 764
Revenue freight carried by railroads....................... 442
Organs and pianos:
Foreign trade................................... .. 571,611
Manufacture, summary................................. 834
Persons employed in industry________ 64,65,834
Oystermen and fishermen................................61,763
Oysters, canned........................................... 738,754
Exports........................................ 522
Shells, exports....................... 527
Ozocerite. See Wax, mineral.
Packing house products (see also Slaughtering
and meat packing):
Consumption................................. 085
Foreign trade................................................... 685
Manufacture, summary.................................. 805
Corporation income-tax returns................. 196
Production......................... 685,694
Revenue freight carried by railroads___. . . . 442
Painters:
Number........................................................... 03
Union wage rates............................................ 353
Indexes_____________________________ 360
Paintings and statuary, foreign trade........ 573,612
Paints, varnishes, etc.:
Foreign trade.................... 474,476, 668, 569,609, 610
Manufacture:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor............................. 339
Average hours and earnings...................... 337
Corporation income-tax returns................. 196
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 343
Persons employed................................. 63,64,821
Production.................... 848
Summary. ........ 821
Retail trade _____ 877,878
Wholesale price index.................................. 324,907
Wholesale trade........................ 871
Palestine and Syria, trade with United
States............................................ 470, 510, 511, 774
Immigration and emigration................ 102
Panama:
Canal............................................... 169,175.466,467
Canal Zone... 1,2,109-112,116.470,508,509, 918,920
Republic, trade with United States.. 470,508,509
Paper and manufactures (See also Paper and
pulp industry):
Foreign trade..................... 474,475,495,543,598,599

Paper and manufactures—Continued. Page
Manufacture, summary................................. 818
Manufacturers' sales.......-................... ....... 868, 867
Prices (see also Paper and pulp), Import___ 336
Wholesale-.-...................................... 327
Production............................................. 750
Index........ ................... 804
He venue freight carried hy railroads______ 448
Wholesale trade.............— ............... 873-875
Paper and printing industry:
Dutiable imports and duties................ 620
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 342,343
Persons employed............................ 64,65,818,819
Paper and pulp industry:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor............................................................. 339
Average hours and earning8...................... — 337
Corporation income-tax returns........ ....... 194-196,
199,200,203
Indexes of employment and pay rolls...................... 343
Industrial and commercial failures................ 312
Persons employed.................................... 64,66,818
Summary...................... 818
Paper and pulp, wholesale price index....................... S24
Paper ourrency in circulation and in stock... 240,241
Paperboard, wallboard, building paper:
Foreign trade............................................... 543,698
Production...................................................... 750
INDEX 951
Revenue freight carried by railroads...................... 443 Petroleum and products:
Paper-mill and pulp-mill machinery, exports.. 500
Production, value........................................... 852
Faraobutes and parts, exports.......................... 564
Paraffin wax:
Foreign trade............................................... 644,629
Production.................................. 708,794
Stocks............................................. 794
Paraguay, trade with United States............. 60S, 500
Parcel post..................................... 392,514
Parks, National................................ 910,911,918,015
Parties, political, vote.................. ..............— 163,164
Part-time farmers................ 658,669
Passengers:
Airplane.......................................................... 457
Bus.............................................................- 453-456
Pullman______________________________ 447
Railway____________________ 436,448-450,452
Steamer_____ ______ 106,461
Pasture land, acreage.............................. 634,638,630
Irrigated acreage.............................. .............. 626
Patent medicines and compounds, production,
value............................ 849
Wholesale trade_____ ______ 871
Patents and certificates of registration....... — 866
Paving materials, manufacture, summary________ 836
Pay-roll indexes (see also Salaries and wages)
340-345,347
Pay-roll taxes________ 178-180
Peaches:
Canned and dried_____ ________________ 738
Exports______________„____ 628
Farm income from........... ....... — .......... 669
Farm prices................................................. — 722
Production end value......................... 697,721,722
Of irrigated crop.................................... 626,631
Peanuts:
Acreage, production, and value------------- 696,702
Farm income Irom....................... 609
Foreign trade............................................... 628,684
Prices, farm.................................. 702
Wholesale............................. — 825
Pears:
Canned.................................... 738
Exports.................................... 628
Farm income from_________ 669
Farm prices..................................... -................... 722
Production and value.......................... 867,721,722
Of Irrigated crop...................................... 626,631
Peas:
Acreage, production, and value............ 696,720
Of Irrigated orop.......................................... 631
Canned................................................- .......... 738
Farm income from............................ - 669
Foreign trade................................. 527, 682,583
Peat production......................... 766
Pecans:
Foreign trade........................ ...................... 828, 684
Production and value--------- --------------- — 697
Pencils and pens, foreign trade___________ 672,013
Manufacture, summary____ __ 887
Pensions, annuities, retirement pay: Page
Aged persons, public assistance_____ 378-381,3
Federal employees, retirement of...............157,101
Military....... ....................- 152-164,166,157,168,172
Railroad............................ 384,387
Peppermint and peppermint oil, aoreage,
production, and value......................... 720
E xports..........................................................— 631
Peppers, acreage, production, and value......... 720
Porfumery, cosmetics, eto.:
Foreign trad e........................... 609,670,611
Manufacture, summary................................. 821
Production, value........................................ 849
Persia (Iran), trade with United States. 471,510,511
Personal and domestic service, persons engaged
in........................... 67-69,61,70
Peru:
Shipments through United States................ 814
Trade w ith United States............. 471,607-509,774
Petroleum and coal, manufacture, summ
ary 822
Petroleum and gas wells:
Average hours and earnings................... 338
Corporation income-tax returns................... 196
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........... 347
Number and production------------- — 796
Persons employed------------------- ----------- 62,701
Summary......................................................... 761
Annual supply oi energy from fuel oil.......... 400
Bunker oil laden on vessels........................ 644,791
Orude oil:
Foreign trade........................ 544,599,791,793,794
Prices:
E xport...................................................... 333
Im port..................... 335
Wholesale............................................... 326,795
Production............................ — 761,700,791-793
Revenue freight carried by railroads................... 442
Run to stills________________________ ) 794
Stocks................ 792,794
Orude petroleum producing industry:
Average hours and earnings..___ _____ 338
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 347
Summary_______________ 761
Foreign trade................... -.......... 474,
476,493,496,544,699,791,794, 796
Index of production........................... 804
Manufacturers’ sales of products________ 860,867
O utput of reflnerios (see also Petroleum refining).............................
793,794
Prices:
Export......... ...........................:__________ 333
R e ta il.......................................... 795
Wholesale________________ 328,795
Indexes............................. 324
Revenue freight carried, by railroads___________ 443
B y vessels_____ _______ 400
Stocks..................................... 792,794
Supply and demand_____________ ____ 793,794
Wholesale trade_____ _______ 870,873,874
Petroleum pipe lines___________________ 792,796
Petroleum refining industry:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor...... .......... 339
Averago hours and earnings.................... 337
Corporation income-tax returns________ 194-196,
199,200,203
Indexes of employment and pay rolls___________ 343
Persons employed__________________ 03,84,822
Refinery products.........-........................... 793,794
Summary........................................... ............ 822
Pharmacy, students I n ...------------------------- 118
Philippine Islands:
Area, population, and dato of accession............ 1,
2,6,11,918
B a n k s.............................................................. 260
Educational statistics.................... 109-112,116-121
Gold and silver production.................... 7S1
Immigration and emigration.......................... 102
Internal revenue collections........................ iso
Sugar produced............. - ........................... 726
Trade.................... 471,607,510,511,617,620,621,774
Phonographs, foreign trade..................... 571,574,611
Production, value............................................ 857
Phosphate land, public...................................... 134
Phosphate materials:
Foreign trade.................................. 474,475,689,610
Mines, summary-------- ----------------------- 760,761

952 INDEX
Phosphate materials—Continued.
Pnge
Production........................... -................... 760,847
Revenue freight carried by railroads----------------- 442
Photoengraving............................. 810
Photographic apparatus and material:
Foreign trade....................................... 570,571,611
Manufacture, summary......................... ....... 837
Wholesale trade_____ _____ -..................... 871
Pianos and organs:
Foreign trade............................................... 571,011
Manufacture, summary................................ 834
Persons employed in industry............... 64,65,834
Pickles, preserves, and sauces, foreign trade.. 527,
528,583
Production.............. 738
Pig iron. See under Iron.
Pigments. See Paints.
Pigs. See Hogs.
Pimicntos:
Acreage, production, and value.............. 720
Imports......... ................................................ 583
Pineapples, foreign trade................... . . . 527,528,583
Pins. See Needles, etc.
Pipe:
Copper, exports....................................... 552
Iron and steel:
Foreign trade................................... 549,603,774
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings.................... 330
Indexes of employment and pay rolls... 344
Production.......................................... 769,772
Summary................................................ 827
Wholesale prices................ 326
Sower, production...................................... 799,800
Revenue freight carried by railroads......... 443
Pipe lines:
Companies, summary of operations......... 795
Corporation income-tax returns................... 197
Internal revenue tax on transportation of oil
through.. ................................................... 179
Stocks of crude oil........................................ 792
Pipes, tobacco, foreign trade......................... 574,613
Manufacture, summary .............................. 837
Planing-mill products, manufacture................ 816
Plaster, wallboard, etc., manufacture, summary.............................................................
825
Plasterers and cement finishers:
Number........................................................ 63
Union wage rates.......................................... 353
Indexes.................................................... 349,350
Plastics (see also Pyroxylin, etc.), production. 847
Plated ware, exports...... ........ 553
Manufacture, summary................................ 831
Plate-glass insurance........................................ 301
Plates, sheets, etc.:
Iron and steel:
Foreign trade....................... 547,548,603,770,774
Production.............................................. 769-771
Wholesale prices......................................... 326
Other metals, foreign trade........... 552,553,604,605
Production................................................. 779
Platinum:
Foreign trodo................................................553,606
Production..........................................................764
Wholesale prices...................................... 757
Plumbago. See Graphite.
Plumbers and gas and steam fitters:
Number............, ............................. 63
Union wage rates........................................... 353
Indexes...................................................... 350
Plumbing and heating equipment and supplies:
Exports....................................................... 545,550
Indexes of employment and pay rolls in industry...................
344
Manufacture, su m m ary ................... 827
Retail trade................... 877,878
Wholesale price indexes............................... 324
Wholesale trade_____________ . . . ____ 873-875
Plums and prunes:
Canned and dried.................... 738
Exports............................................. 528
Preduction and valuo_ _............................697,721
Of irrigated crops................. 626,631
Retail prices.................................................. 332
Pocketbooks, exports.............. 524
Manufacture, summary.............. 824
Page
Poland, debt to United States........................... 209
Foreign exchange rates................... 291
Immigration and emigration................ 101,102,104
Trado with United States___ 470, 507,510,511, 774
Poll taxes............................................................214,215
Pomelos. See Grapefruit.
Popular vote for presidential electors............... 163
Population...................... 2-70
Cities in the Unitod Statos......................3,7,22-27
Continental United States:
Age distribution...................................... 20,38-41
Median age................................................ 21
Alien white................................................... 35
Annual midyear estimates........................... 10,11
Blind...... .................................. 82
By States........................... 3-6,8-10,12-18,38-40
Children under institutional care-----------81,82
Citizenship of foreign-born whites............. 35
Color or race, nativity and parentage___11-20,
36,37.41
Deaf-mutes..................... 82
Density of....................................-............... 2,6
Dwellings, families, and hom es.-............. 45-52,
. 641,657,899.907-909
Foreign born................. 11-13,16-21,23-35,37,41
Illiterates........................................................53-55
Indian............................... 11,13,17,19
Males 18 to 44 years of age.......................... 37
Marital status............................ 42-45
On farms................................................. 9,634,657
Persons gainfully employed..........................56-70
Race............................................... 11-20,36,37,41
School............................. 108,109, 112-119,121-123
Sex distribution........................ 11-13,20,21,41
Summary........................... 2,11
Twenty-one years of age and over.............36,37
Urban and rural...................................... 7-9,20,33
Vital statistics of. See Vital statistics.
Outlying possessions...................... 2,11,21,918-920
Pork:
Cold-storage holdings.................. . . ............... 690
Consumption................................................... 685
Foreign trade................................ ...... 521,575,685
Indexes.......................................................... 674
Prices:
Export........................................................... 333
Retail............................................................ 332
■Wholesale................................. 325,684
Indexes....................................................... , 684
Production.................................................... 885,694
Portland cement. See Cement.
Porta, commerce of principal........................ 459,460
Portugal:
Foreign exchange rates.................................... 291
Immigration and emigration................101,102,104
Trade with United States.................... 470,510,511
Portuguese Africa, trade with United States. 512,
513
Possessions and Territories, area, date of acquisition,
and population...........1,2,11,21,918-020
Postal Savings System, transactions of..................... 273
Postal Service:
City and rural free delivery........................ 392,393
Employees............. 158,100-162
Injuries to..................................................... 162
Money-order business................................. 339,390
Revenues and expenditures.......... -............... 167-
169, 173,175,389-393
Summary......................................................... 389
By States.................................... 393
Transportation of mails.................................. 391
Volume of business...................... 389,392
Potash (sec also Potassium salts):
Imports........................................„....... 610
Summary......................................................... 761
Potash land, publio............................. 134
Potassium compounds, foreign trade............ 508,609
Production....................................................... 817
Potassium salts, production................. 765
Potatoes:
Irish:
Acreage losses........................... 695
Acreage, production, and value.................. 696,
701,704, 705,720
Of irrigated crop________ 626,031
Farm income from........................................ 669
Foreign trade............................ 527,582

Potatoes—Continued.
Page
Irish—Continued.
Prices*,
Farm............................................... 701,705,736
Retail....................................................... 332
Wholesale................................ 325
Revenue freight carried by railroads........ 441
Sweet and yams;
Acreage, production, and value.___ 696,701,711
Of irrigated crop................ 026,631
Farm income from...................................... 669
Farm prices...................... 701,711
Pottery;
Foreign trade............................................. 545,601
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings...................... 337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 343
Persons omployed................................63,65,826
Production, value............................... 799
Summary............................ 820
Poultry;
Chickens on farms and raised....... 670,077,680,688
Cold-storage holdings....................... 690
Farm income from... ................. 668,669
Foreign trade.............................................. 521,575
Index of production.................................... 072
Prices:
Farm............................................................ 689
Retail........................................................... 332
Wholesale.................................................. 325,884
Indexes................................................ 684
Receipts at principal markets....................... 089
Revenue freight carried by railroads...................... 442
Wholesale trade................ 871
Poultry dressing and packing.......................... 805
Poultrymen’s supplies, exports........................ 561
Power:
Annual supply of, from fuels and w ater..... 400
Capacity of steam locomotives...... ........... 426,428
Electric.................................... 401,402,404-409,449
Used in mines and quarries....................... 758-760
Water, developed and potential................... 411
Power laundries, summary............................. 890
Power plants. See Electric light and power
plants.
Power-site reserves of public land...... „........... 134
Precious stones and gems, foreign trade....... 547,606
Production............................................... 765
Precipitation, selected cities........................... 138-148
Prices (see also individual commodities):
Bonds......................................................... 304,308
Export and import.................................... 333-335
Indexes:
Consumers’ and producers’ goods______ 328
Cost-of-living.............................. 328,329,338,673
Compared with earnings........................ 338
Export......................................................... 496
Farm prices....... ............................... 322,672,673
Import.......... .............................................. 496
Of prices paid by farmers for commodities
bought...................................................... 673
Retail food......................................... 822,328-331
Wholesale................................... 322-324,328,673
Retail food, principal commodities.............. 332
Stocks.............. 304,306
Wholesale, of leading commodities............ 325-327
Printing ana publishing (see also Paper and
printing industry);
Average hours and earnings......................... 337
Index of production..............................................— 804
INDEX 953
Withdrawals from general settlement........... 134
Public relief. See Public assistance.
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................... 343 Public roads. See Highways.
Manufacturers’ sales..................................... 867 Public schools___________ -........... 108-114,122,123
Persons employed................................... 64,65,819 Public service. See Service industries.
Products and receipts............... 851 Public utilities (see also Railways, Electric
Summary....................................................... 819 light and power, etc.):
Printing and publishing corporations, income-tax
returns..................... 194-196,199,200.203
195,197,201,203,204
Corporation income-tax returns.................. 194,
Printing and publishing shops, summary....... 888 Dividend payments and stock yields___ 199,307
Printing machinery:
Employees and taxable wages............ 371,374, 376
Exports......... . ............................. 561 N et profits........................................... 201,204,308
Manufacture, summary..................... ......... 832
Production, value_____ _________ -____ 852 Stock and bond prices, yields, and issues— 306-309
Printing paper:
Wages of common labor------------- 339
Foreign trade............................................. 543,698 Public warehousing, employment, pay rolls,
Production................................................... 760 and average weekly earnings............... 348
Revenue freight carried by railroads.-_________ 443 Public water reserves of public land............... 134
Printing trades, union wage rates.......... ..... 353,354
Indexes.............. 351,352
267706°—41- -62
Page
Prisons and prisoners (see also Juvenile delinquents).............................................
73, 76-79
Private banks.................................... 257-259, 265,289
Private schools. See under Education.
Processing tax on farm products.................... 109,174
Producers’ goods, price index.......................... 328
Production (see also individual commodities
and industries):
Exportable products and proportion exported,
summary.............................. 486
Production credit associations, loans and discounts................
278,279,284
Assets and liabilities............. ........... -............ 286
Professional and scientific instruments, etc.,
foreign trade.............................................. 571,011
Manufacture, summary...........................— 835
Wholesale trade.............. -....................-........ 872
Professional service, immigrants qualified for. 100
Employees and taxable wages....................... 371
Persons engaged in ....... ................. 57-59,61,69,70
Professional students................. 114,217-129,121
Profits, bank............................................. 250,255,263
Corporation_______________ 198,200,201,204,308
Property, assessed valuation and tax_____ 214-210,
219-222,230-232,234,236,237
Prunes and plums:
Oauned and dried........................................ 721,738
Exports....................................... 528
Production and value................................. 697,721
Of irrigated crops................... 626,631
Retail prices...........................................-........ 332
Public assistance.......................... —..........— 377-383
Public buildings, building permits issued----- 899
Construction contracts awarded__________ 8G3
Public debt:
Ail classes of Government organizations.. 214
Gross and net debt................................... 320,321
Federal and Federal agencies__________ 320,321
Interest on, Federal....... ...... .............. 168,169,175
State and local government..................... 214,
217,218,233,235,237
Local governments............................... 214,228,229
National Government (see also Contingent
liabilities of U. S,):
Descriptions of issues outstanding........- 208,209
Interest paid on.................. 168,169,175
Issues and redemptions classified............... 210
Principal of...............-......................... 207-210,214
Retirements_____ _______ 166.168,170,175,210
Principal cities.............................. 233,235,237
States, interest on debt and amounts outstanding................................
214^217, 218,226-228
State and local governments combined-.- 213,
225,320, 321
Tax-exempt securities...........................-........ 213
Public employment services, activities of--- 359-365
Public lands;
Grants for educational and other purposes.. 133
Homestead entries....................................... 129,130
Lands under jurisdiction of Office of Indian
A ffairs..................................
J35
Railroad and wagon-road grants......... 129,131,132
Receipts from................................. 134,167,176,177
Summary of entries and patents.................... 129
Timber and stone, mineral, coal, and
desert-land entries........................- .......... 129,131
Unappropriated and unreserved.................... 135
Public Works Administration:
Expenditures for....................................-— 170,171

9 5 4 INDEX
Internal revenue collections.......... . ............. 180
National forests_____________________ 741,742
National Guard................................—......... 150
Population..................................— 2,6,11,21,918
Postal savings and service_______ ____ 273,303
Public roads.................... 416
Sugar produced________________ ____ 725,726
T rade.................................... 514,616,610-621
Water power, developed and potential.................. 411
Pullman Co......................... 447
Pulp. See Paper and pulp industry.
Fulpstones, grindstones, ete.:
Exports.............................. 546
Mines and quarries, summary..................... 760
Production......................... 765
Pulpwood;
Consumption by mills.................... 749
Estimated quantity of timber removed from
forests for............................. 744
Foreign trade............................................. 543,598
Import prices................................ 335
Revenue freight carried, by railroads..................... 442
By vessels................................... 461
Pumice:
Imports......................................................... 601
Mines and quarries, summary...................... 761
Production....................................„.............. 766
Pumps:
Exports.......................................... 558
Manufacture, summary......... ........ 832
Production.............................. 852,854
Putty, production....... .............. 848
Pyrites:
Imports................................... 601
Mines, summary_____________________ 760
Production.................................................... 766
Pyroxylin and other plastics, exports.......... 560,567
Production...................................... 847
Quarries, See Mines and quarries.
Quartz (silica), production.......................... 760,706
Quicksilver:
Foreign trade................................. 553,606
Mines, summary....................................... 760,761
Production.............................. 764
Wholesale prices______________________ 757
Race of:
Aliens admitted and departed...................... 103
Illiterates 10 years of age and over________ 53-55
Total population. — ............................... 11-20,41
Radio broadcasting:
Corporation income-tax returns.................. 197
Employment, pay rolls, and average weekly
wage........................................................... 348
Summary........ ........................................... 891
Radio operators, number.......... ........ 67
Radiotelegraph carriers.................................. 397
Radiotelephones........................ 896
Radios and phonographs:
Exports............................ 656
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings...................... 336
Corporation income-tax returns................ 197
Excise taxes............................................ 179
. Indexes of employment and pay rolls....... 344
Public works projects:
Page Radios and phonographs—Continued. P&ee
Employment and pay rolls...... 357,358,377-381 Manufacture—C ontinued.
Public relief.......................................... 377-381 Production.................................................. 857
Public roads........... -..................................... 416 Summary..................................................... 832
Summary...................................................... 900 Repair shops................................................... 888
Wage rates of labor in road building...................... 339 Retail trade........................................... 877,878,881
Public-service enterprises, governmental:
Railroad Retirement Board:
Local_______________ 214 Civil service employees.................................. 159
Principal cities............................. 233,236,237-239 Expenditures for................... 169, 172,175
State.......................................... 215,217,218 Retirement system............. 384-388
Publishing industry. See Printing and publishing.
Foreign trade.................................. 548,603,770,774
Rails, iron and stool:
Puerto Rico:
Production............................ 700-771
Aren and date of accession___ __________ 1,2 Replacements by railroads............................ 446
Banks............................................................ 260 Revenue freight carried by railroads........... 443
Births and deaths____ ___________ 96 Wholesale prices.......................................... 326,775
Climatic conditions----------------------------- 148 Railway and other construction work, explosives
used in................. 860
Dwellings...................................................... 918
Educational statistics.— 109-112,116-121,126-128 Railway Express Agency................................... 447
Farm Credit Administration_______ 279,280,284 Railway Mail Service, employees.................... 391
Federal Bousing Administration— .......... 275 Summary........................... ............................ 391
Home Owners’ Loan Corporation........................ 276 Railways, electric (see also Street railway employees,
etc.):
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor............................................................. 339
Average hours and earnings......................... 338
Bus lines operated by.................................. 453-456
Indexes of employment and pay rolls..................... 347
Receiverships of.............................................. 451
Sales of electric current to.............................. 407
Subway and elevated lines______________ 452
Summary of operations................ 448-453
Railways, steam:
Accidonts................................................. 445,440
Car loadings.................................................... 444
Car-miles, train-miles, ton-miles of freight,
passenger-traln-miles, etc........— .......... 433-436
Corporation income-tax returns.................... 197
Electrified mileage......................................... 427
Employees............. .........................— . 66,429,430
Equipment....................... . ..... 426-428
Finance:
Capital issues.................... 308,309
Capitalization (stocks and funded debt). 431,432
Debt.......................................................- 431,432
Dividends and interest..................... 307,431,432
Investment................................................... 432
Revenues and expenses.......................... 432-439
Stook and bond prices and yields........... 306,307
Taxes and assessments............................ 437-439
Freight traffic and revenue........................ 433-435,
438,440-444, 486
Fuel consumed........................................ 440,786
Land grants to................................. 129,181,132
Loans to, by Reconstruction Finance Corporation........................................................
285
Mileage owned and operated............... 424-427,437
Passenger traffic........................... 435,436,438
Rails and ties laid....................... - ................. 446
Receiverships.................................................. 430
Sales of electric current to..................... 407
Rainfall, selected cities.......................... 136-148
Raisins:
Dried............................................................... 738
Foreign trade...................................... 528,583
Wholesale prices...................... 825
Ramie, flax, and hemp, manufactures, foreign
trade................................................... 537,592
Raspberries, acreage, production, and value . 697
Of irrigated crop.............................................. 631
Rates. See Freight rates and Money rates.
Rattan ware. See Baskets, etc.
Raw materials. See Crude material.
Rayon and other synthetic textiles and
manufactures:
Foreign trade......................................... 538,539,505
Dutiable imports and duties..................... 520
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings........................ 337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 343
Production....................................... 832,833
Summary................................... 810,811,821
Wholesale prices.............................................. 326
Indexes.......................................................... 324
Real estate (see also Farms):
Capital issues of corporations......................... 309
Loans on.......................................................... 251,
258,263,272,274-276,278,281, 297,320, 653-655

Real estate—Continued.
Pa8e
Taxes on.................... ------- 214-210,
219-222,230-232,234,236,237,650
Valuation, assessed............................... 219,236,237
Real-estate agencies, employment, pay rolls,
and average weekly wages_____ _____ — 348
Employees and taxable wages______ _____ 371
Real-estate agents and officials-..................... 68,348
Real estate and realty holding companies, income-tax
returns_________ 197
Receipts:
G rain at Atlantic ports and markets............ 735
Livestock and livestock products at principal
markets................................ 681,682,687,689
Revenue, of State, counties, cities, etc__ 214-218,
222,230-235,237
United States Government:
By m o n th s....__________________ 166
By sources.......................... 167,169,170,176,177
Customs. See Customs receipts.
Prom foreign governments......... 169,176,177,209
Prom national forests.................................. 742
Prom national parks_________________ 917
From public lands___________ 134,167,176,177
Internal revenue............ 166,167,169,176,178-180
Postal.................................... 167,389,390,392,393
Reclamation Service, irrigation projects___ 622-020
Reconstruction Finance Corporation:
Assets and liabilities___________________ 286
Loan and other authorizations, etc............... 285
R . P. C. funds expended............................170,715
Recreation, expenditures for, by State and
local governments.......................... 214,215,233,236
Recreational Area, National....... ......... ........910,914
Recreational Demonstration Areas_______ 910,916
Red Cross, expenditures and membership___ 151
Reform schools. See Education, special schools,
etc.
Refrigerators and refrigerating equipment:
Exports............. -.......... 555,660,574
Manufacture, summary............. ................... 832
Manufacturers’ excise taxes........................... 179
Production................................................... 852,856
Repair shops............................ 888
Registration area for births and deaths___ 83,88,97
Rehabilitation, vocational............... 128
Relief, loans and expenditures for, and persons
on relief (see also Red Cross)___. . . 285, 377-383
Work-relief wages.......................... 314,315,357,358
Religious bodies.................................................71,72
Rents, residential, average rental....... 48,61,908,909
Indexes of rents........................................... 328,329
Representation, congressional, by States........ 105
Reservations of public land:
Coal, oil. phosphate, etc., lands.................... 134
National forests........................................... 741, 742
Reserve of banks. See under Banks.
Residential buildings and dwelling units:
Average value (farm homes)......................... 60,52
Average value or rental (nonfarm homes)— 48,
49,51,908,00t
Construction................................ 893,899,901,907
Farm dwellings................................. 50,52,641,057
In 64 cities, summary.................................... 907
Index of construction contracts awarded__ 895
Index of rents.............................................. 828,329
Number.............................................. 45,47-62,918
Restaurants, commercial failures..................... 312
Trade..................................................... 877,878,881
Retail dealers............................................ 88,878-882
Retail prices....................................................... 832
Indexes.................................................. 322,328-331
Retail trade:
Average hours and earnings..........................
Commercial failures................................... 811,312
Corporation income-tax returns.................... 197
Employment and pay rolls.. 348,878-881,883-885
Indexes........................................................ 347
Indexes of sales........................................... 885-887
Summary.................................................... 876-885
Retirement of Federal military personnel and
oivil service employees............. — 162-154,157,161
Reunion, trade with United States................. 471
Revenue receipts. See Receipts.
Rice:
Acreage, production, and value.. 696,698,700,713
Of irrigated orop—..................................... 631
Cleaning and polishing....................... 807
INDEX 955
R ice-C ontinued.
Page
Farm Income from........................................... 669
Foreign trade................. -........... — 526,581,673,733
Prices:
Farm............ ................... - ...... 700,713
Import____ ____________ 334
Wholesale......... -.............................-............ 325
Elvers, canals, harbors, etc.:
Commerce, domestic.................................... 458-462
Expenditures for (Federal).— 160,170,174,175,900
Public land grants for river-improvement
purposes______________ 132
Boads, public. S e e Highways.
Hoofing materials, exports................. 573
Manufacture, summary________ 837
Rope, wire and other:
Foreign trade............ ............................. 549,603,774
Production............. 772,844
Wholesale trade................................ 872
Rosin and turpentine:
Export prices...............................-................... 333
Exports....................................... 530,531
Manufacture, summary.................................. 816
Production........................................................ 750
Rubbor and rubber goods ( see a lso Tires and
tubes, rubber):
Foreign trade............. -.............. 474,
475,492,494,529,630,680,674,728
Manufacture;
Average hourly wage rates paid common
la b o r....................................... 339
Average hours and earnings____________ 337
Capital issues....................- ............. 309
Corporation income-tax returns............... 193,
195,106,199,200,203
Indexes of employment and pay rolls___ 342,343
Persons employed................................. 64,66,823
Production__________ 860
Index_____________ 804
Sales................................ -.......................... 866,867
Summary_________ 823
Prices of crude:
Import..................... •------------------ 334
Wholesale................................................... 327,728
Indexes.................................... 324
Production of orude____________________ 728
Wholesale trade of crude----------------- 873
Rug-cleaning establishments_____ -_______ 887,800
Rugs. S e e Carpets and rugs.
Rumania, debt to United States_____ ______ 209
Foreign exchango r a t e s ------- ----------------- 291
Immigration and emigration________101,102,104
Trade with United States............. 470,510,511,774
Rural Electrification Administration;
Assets and liabilities........................................ 286
Expenditures for.................. ................. 169,172,175
Loans to, by Reconstruction Finance Corporation_____
________ 285
Rural free-dellvery mails................................ 392,393
Rural population______________ 7-9,20,33,634,657
Rural retail trade, indexes of sales________ 886,887
Russia (see a ls o Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics), debt to United States................. 209
Rutile, production.............. 765
Rye:
Acreage, production, and value_____ 696,609,714
Of irrigated crop____________________ 026,831
Consumed in flour mills.................................. 737
Consumed in manufacture of liauors........ 863
Farm income from______________________ 660
Foreign trade..................... 492,526,582
Prices:
Export........................... 333
Farm________ 609,714
W holesale................................................. 325,730
Receipts at Atlantic ports_________ - 735
Saddlery and harness:
Exports....................................................
Manufacture, summary________ . . .
624
824
Persons employed--........ — —----- 64,65,824
Safes and vaults, exports_______ ___ ——— 650
Manufacture, summary............. - ................... 828
Sago. S e e Tapioca, etc.
Sails. S e e Awnings, etc.
St< Marys Falls Canal (Sault Ste. Marie),
traffic_____ -__ -_______________ 461,462

956 INDEX
Salaries and wages (see afso "Wages): Pagre
AH industries................................................314,315
Advertising agencies................................... 348,892
Banks............................................................ 265
By occupational groups, selected industries. 348
Construction industry---------- ------------ - 902-906
Electric light and power plants..................... 405
Federal employees...........................-............. 157
Financial institutions except panics---------- 303
Hotels.................................. 890,891
Insurance carriers and agencies-------- 302,303,348
Manufacturing establishments...................... 802
Motorbus transportation and motor trucking_________-____
348,454
Municipal employees............*................... 224,238
Of individuals filing income-tax returns— 181,184
Projects financed by Federal funds.............. 356-
358,377,380
Radio broadcasting................................... 348,892
Railways..................-...................- 429,430,449,452
Beal estate offices........................................... 348
Retail trade............................ 348,878-881,883-885
Service industries....................................... 887-890
State employees............................................223,224
Teachers...................... 108,110
Telegraph systems___ _____ 397-399
Telephone systems..................................... 394,397
Trolley-bus lines............................................ 453
Warehousing--------------------------- ............ 348
Wholesale trade............... J— -.......... 348,869-875
Sales of farm products through farmers' organizations......................................-..........
660,667
Bales tax (see also Manufacturers’ excise
taxes)......................................... -..........215,210,222
Sales:
Manufacturers’, by ohannols of distribution.............................
- .......................... 860,867
Retail.............. 870-882,884,885
Indexes......................... ........................ 885-887
Stocks and bonds, on exchanges................ 304,305
"Wheat and corn futures...... .......................... 304
Wholesale............................................. 868,870-875
Salmon:
Canned................................................. 738,754-756
Foreign trade................... -___ 522,523,576
Propagation......................................... 756
Received by wholesale dealers...................... 763
Wholesale prices............................................ 325
Salt:
Foreign trade....................................... 547,002,800
Manufacture, summary................................. 821
Production................................................... 700,800
Revenue freight carried by railroads............ 442
Wholesale prices............................................ 325
Sait wells and works, persons employed....... 62,761
Summary...................................................... 761
Salvador, trade with United States....... 470,508, 509
Samoa, American:
Area and population........................... 1,2,918,919
Banks.................. 260
Educational statistics...................................109-112
Postal Service............................................... 393
Trade................................. 617
Sand, glass, molding, building, etc., production..................................................
... 766
Summary............................................. ......... 760
Sand, gravel, etc,:
Exports.......................................................... 545
Industry, summary-.................................. 760-762
Production..................................................... 706
Revenue, freight carried, by railroads..................... 442
By vessels................................................... 460
Wholesale trade..................... 872
Sand-lime brick, manufacture, summary....... 825
Production........................... 706
Sandstone, mines and quarries, summary.—700-762
Sales............................................................... 798
Sanitation, expenditures for. See Health, etc.
Sardines, canned............................................ 738,754
Foreign trade.............................................. 523,576
Sauces, salad dressings, etc., canned................ 738
Foreign trade.............................................. 527,583
Saudi Arabia, trade with United States.......510,511
Sausage, sausage casings, etc.:
Foregin trade........................................ 521,522,575
Manufacture, summary................................. 805
Production.......................................... 694
Savings:
Page
Certain major items of................................... 260
Deposits and depositors, bank................... 267-269
Postal.................................................... 273
Savings banks:
Assets and liabilities................................... 257,259
Employment and pay rolls............................ 265
Insured and noninsured................................. 270
Savings deposits and depositors............. 267,269
Sawmill products:
Estimated quantity of timber removed
from forests for..................... ....................... 744
Foreign trade................. -........ 493,495,540,541,56?
Mill value..................................................... 745,747
Production................................................... 745, 740
Sawmills:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor.............................................................. 339
Average hours and earnings........................... 330
Corporation income-tax returns..................... 106
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........... 343
Summary......................................................... 888
Saws, exports....................................................... 55]
Manufacture, summary................................. 828
Scales and balances:
Exports............................................................ 551
Manufacture, summary................................ 832
Production, value.................. 852
School, etc., buildings, construction............. 893,899
Schools. See Education.
Scientific and professional instruments, etc.;
Foreign trade.................................-............. 671,611
Manufacture, summary................................. 830
Wholesale trade............................................... 872
Scotland, trade with United States (see also
United Kingdom)............................... ........ 470
Immigration and emigration..............J___ 101,102
Screens, window and door, and weather strips,
manufacture, summary.................. . . . . . 810
Screws and screw-machine products, exports................
551,553
Manufacture, summary.................................. 828
Second-hand stores, summary........................ 877,870
Securities:
Guaranteed by United States....................... 211
Held by governmental corporations and
credit agenoies............................. 277,281,283,236
Held by life insurance companies.................. 297
Holdings by banks........................ 243,
245,251-254,258, 250,201,264,270
New issues................................................... 308-310
Owned by United States................................ 212
Prices, sales, and yields...................... 304-307
Tax-exempt, outstanding............................... 213
Value of, listed on Now York Stock Exchange....................
304
Seeds:
Acreage, production, and value..................... 696
Of irrigated crop..........................................626,631
Foreign trade.................... 474,475, 531, 587, 580, 673
Wholesale trade................................................ 872
Seines. See Nets and seines.
Selenium, production................................... 704
Senegal, trade with United States.............. 471
Service industries:
Commercial failures.................... 311,312
Contribution to national income........................... 315
Corporation income-tax returns................. . . 195,
197,199,201,203, 204
Employees and taxable wages............. 371,374,375
Persons employod.............. 57-59,61,68-70,887-800
Summary-employees, pay roll, receipts... 887-800
Sewing machines:
Foroign trade..................................................559,607
Manufacture, summary...... ........................... 832
Production, value........................................... 862
Wholesale prices............................................... 327
Sex distribution. See Population, by sex.
Sheep;
Farm income from_____________ 009
Foreign trade................................................ 621,575
Grazing in national forests.............................. 742
Inspected and slaughtered................... 682,684,604
Number and value of, on farms........... 676,677,070
Prices, farm and market.............................. 682,683
Receipts and shipments at public stockyards..........................................................
681,082
I Revenue freight carried by railroads____________ 441

Page
Shellac, import prices........................................ 384
Imports.......................... -.............. - 686
Shellfish:
Alaska products___ ______________ ___ - _ "6“
Oanned____________________________ 738,764
Foreign trade_____ ______________ 622,523,577
Shells, foreign trade____________________ 627,681
Shingles:
Estimated quantity of timber removed
from forests for........... ..... 744
Foreign trade______________ ___ _____ 542,597
Production................ 748
Revenue freight carried by railroads--------- 442
Wholesale prices..................................... 327
Shipbuilding:
Average hours and earnings....................... - 336
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.........- 344
Persons em ployed................................- 63,65,833
Summary................... 833
Shipping. See Merchant marine and Tonnage.
Shipping corporations, capital issues....................... 309
S hirt factories:
Indoxes of employment and pay rolls..................... 343
Persons employed.................................... 63,66,812
Summary........................... 812
Shirts, exports.................................................. 636
Shoo repair shops and shoeshine parlors,
sum m ary............................ 887
Shoo stores, rotail trade.......... -.............. 877,878,881
Wholesale trade.............................................. 871
Shoemakers......................................................... 63
Shoes. See Boots and shoes.
Shortenings (other than lard), etc., manufaoturo,
summary................................... 807
Shrimp:
Alaska product___ _______ 755
Canned.................................................... 738,754
Foreign trade........................................ 522,623,677
Siam (Thailand), trade with United States... 471,
610, 611
Siorra Leone, trade with United States..................... 471
Signs and advertising novelties, manufacture,
sum m ary................ 837
Silage orops, acreage, production, and value.. 605
Of irrigated crop............................................. 031
Silica, production.............................................. 706
Mines and quarries............................... 700,761
Silk, artificial. See Rayon, etc.
Silk (raw) and silk goods (see also Silk and
rayon manufacturing industry):
Foreign trade.............. 474,496,638,604,695,674,732
Dutiable imports and duties.................... 620
Prices, silk or siik and rayon:
Im port........................................................ 336
Wholesale....................... 326
Indexes................... 324
Production, by classes................................ 842,843
Wholesale trade, raw silk.......... ................... 871
Silk and rayon manufacturing industry:
Average hours and earnings.......................... 337
Corporation income-tax returns............... 106
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.......... 343
Production.......................... 842,843
Summary____________ 810,811
Silver (see also Silver mines):
Bullion, value of, and ratio to gold.........— 782
Coinage, circulation, and monetary stock. 240,241
For uso m manufactures and the arts.......... 782
Foreign trade.................... 483,486,486,488,480,606
Production and value.......................... 764,781,782
Refining and alloying (silver, gold, etc,)___ 829
Wholesale prices........................................ 326,782
Silver mines, persons omployed................ 82,760, 702
S u m m ary .................................................. 700,762
Silverware and plated ware:
Exports.................... l........................ 563
Indexes of employment and pay rolls in
industry___________________________ 344
Manufacture, summary................ 831
Single persons............................ 42-46
Sirup, etc., foreign trade...-------- ------ 620,686
Production........................................ 723,725,730
Sisal and henoquen:
Im port prices.................................................. 335
Im ports..................... -......... -........................ 892
Production........................................ -... 844
INDEX 957
Skins. See Hides, etc.
Page
Slate, production......................... 766
Quarries, summary............................ 760-762
Slaughtering and meat-packing industry:
Average hourly wage rate3 paid common
labor-------------- 330
Average hours and earnings-------------------- 337
Corporation income-tax returns___ _______ 198
Indexes of employment and pay roils___________ 343
Persons omployed____________ ____— 63,65,805
Production______ __________ ._____ 684,685,694
Summary________ 805
Slot-vonding machines, production, value________ 862
Smelting and refining industry:
Average hours and earnings......................... 336
Indexes of employment and pay roils---------------- 344
Summary......................... 820
Snap iasteners. See Needles, pins, c-tc.
Snowfall, selootcd cities-.................. 130-148
Soap:
Foreign trade........................... 509,011
Manufacture:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor______________________ 839
Average hours and earnings....................... 337
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 343
Persons employed.................... 63,04,821
Production........................ 848
Summary.............................................. 821
Wholesale prices.................................... 327
Soolal Security:
Contribution to national income.............. 314,316
Expenditures for............ ...................... 169,172-176
General relief............. 377-382
Internal revenue collections_____________ 179
Old-ago insurance...... ......................... ...... 366-372
Public assistance_______ 377-383
State employment service, Federal grants
for administration________ 383
Unemployment compensation_______ 216,
222,372-376,383
Society Islands, trade with United States....... 471
Soda fountains and accessories, manufacture,
summary....... ................................................ 837
Soda waters. See Miuorai, etc,, waters.
Sodium compounds (see also Sodium nitrate):
Foreign trado............................................... 808,609
Production....................................................... 847
Wholesale prices............................ 327
Sodium nitrate, imports......... -........ 610
Prices, import.................. 335
Wholesale...................................................... 327
Sodium salts, imports.................... 609
Production________________ ___________ 706
Solders (see aleo Babbitt metal, etc.), foreign
trade.......................................... 663,605
Production............... 779
Soldiers’ and sailors’ aid and homes_______ 152-166
Soldiers, sailors, and marines, number ...60, 149, 150
Sorghum, sweet (sorgo):
Acreage, production, and value............... 696,703
Farm income from_____________________ 669
Farm prices................. . . . 703
Sorghums, grain (kafir, mllo, etc.):
Acreage production, and value_____ 606,702,714
Of irrigated crop..... ..................................... 631
Exports.................... 526
Farm Income from..,.................... 669
Prices, farm___________ 702,714
Wholesale___________________________ 736
South America:
Immigration and emigration...................... 101,102
Shipments through United States................. 014
Trade with United States........................... 502-500
Southeastern Express Go............................. — 447
Soybeans, acreage, production, and value... 896, 702
Farm income from.................................. 609
Farm prices_________________________ . . . 702
Oil and oilseeds, foreign trade....... 529,631,588
Oil cake and oil-cake meal, foreign trade.. 627,582
Spaghetti, noodles, eto., foreign trade_____ 520,581
Oanned_______________________________ 738
SpBin:
Foreign exchange rates________________ 291,292
Immigration and emigration............... 101,102,104
Trado with United States.. . . 470,507,510, 511,731
Spanish Africa, trade with United S tates... 512,513

958 INDEX
Page
Spelt and emmor, acreage, production, and
value.......................... 006
Spices, foreign trade.-.................... 174,475,520,585
Spinach, acreage, production, and value........ 720
Canned..................................... 738
Spindles, cotton..................... 850,800
Spirits and wines. See Liquors, etc.
Sponges, foreign trade_________ 525,581
Sporting and athletic goods:
Foreign trade........................... .... ............ 572,612
Manufacture, summary_______ 837
Rotail trade.............................. 870
Wholesale trade.................. -.............. 871,873,874
Springs, steel, manufacture____ __________ 828
Stamp taxes....................... 178,170
Stamped and enameled ware, etc.:
Exports.................... .........................-___— 550
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings............. 336
Indexes of employment and pay rolls____ 344
Summary................... 828
Stamps:
Hand, manufacture_____ _____ -.......... 836
Postage, issued and receipts from....... 389,390,362
Rovonuc from sale of documentary...........178,170
Savings................ 273
Staplers and staples, exports.................... 561
Starch, foreign trade..................................... 532,590
Wholesale prices............................................ 327
Star-route mail service................ 392
State (and municipal) bond issues (see also
Public debt, States, etc.).......... 223,238,308,309
State hanks:
Assots and liabilities._____ __________ 257,259
Employment and pay roll................... 285
Insured.............................. 270
Savings depositors and deposits________ 267,269
State employment services:
Activities............... 359-365
Federal grants for administration________ 383
State highways. See Highways.
State land grants........................... 132,133
States:
Area of.............................................. 1
Bond-issue proposals voted on...................... 223
Employees................................................. 223,224
Finances...................................... 214-222,226-228,
Population..............................3-6,8-10,12-18,36-40
Property, assessed valuation......................... 219
Tax levies................................................... 220,221
Taxes....... ....................... 216,216,222,412,415,418
Stationery goods:
Foreign trade............................................. 543,608
Manufacture, summary.......................... 887
Production.................................................... 750
Wholesale trade...................................... 878
Statuary and art goods, foreign trade........ 578,612
Manufacture, summary................................ 828
Staves:
Estimated quantity of timber removed from
forests for........................ 744
Exports.......................................................... 542
Production.................................................... 748
Steak, retail prices........................................... 332
Steam engines and turbines (see also Locomotives):
Exports...................................................... 666, 557
In electric light and power plants___ ___ 405,406
Production, value......................... 861,862
Steam- and hot-water-heating apparatus and
steam fitting industry:
Average hours and earnings.......................... 338
Indexes of employment and pay rolls..................... 344
Steel production (see also Iron and steel and
Iron and steel industry)...................... 769-771,773
Steel works and rolling mills (see also Iron and
steel Industry), production.................... 771,773
Summary................................................... 773,820
Stereotyping and electrotyping....................... 810
Stillbirths............................ 92
Stock exchanges, securities listed on, and
sales........................................................ 304,305
Customers’ debit balancos, etc..................... 305
Stock grazing in national forests...................... 742
Stock-raising homestead entries and patents. 129,180
Stocks, commodity (see also individual commodities).....................................................
860-875
Stocks—prices, yields, sales, and issues......... 304-309
Page
Stockyards, receipts and shipments_______ 681,082
Stone:
Foreign trade________________________ 645,600
Hours of labor_________________________ 762
Production_________ 767
Quarries, summary.............................. 760
Sales......................... -..................... 798
Stone and timber laud, entries and patents.. 129,131
Stone, clay, and glass products industry:
Corporation income-tax returns............... 194-196,
199,201,203
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 342,343
Index of production-............... 804
Industrial and commercial failures................ 312
Manufacturers’sales..............-.................... 866,867
Persons employed........................... 63,65,824-826
Summary................................. 824-820
Stone cotters and stonemasons:
Number.__________ 62,63
Union wage rates______________________ 353
Indexes............................. 350
Stoves, ranges, otc.:
Exports____________________________ 560,566
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings------------------ 336
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 344
Production, value....................... 853
Wholesale prices................................ 327
Straits Settlements (see also British Malaya):
Foreign exchange rates. ------- 291,292
Trade with United States_______________ 471
Straw factories, employees________ _______ 64,66
Strawberries:
Acreage, production, and value_________ 697,720
Of irrigated crop............... - _____ 631
Farm income from ..----------------------------- 660
Street-cleaning laborers....________ 66
Street-railway employees, union wage rates— 354
Strikes.— .............................- ............... 354,355,786
Structural iron and steel:
Foreign trade.................... Bis, 003,770,774
Production....... ................................ 769-771
Wholesale prices____ _________________ 326,776
Indexes .............. —........-___________ 324,907
Wholesale trade---------------- 873
Structural iron works (see also Iron and steel):
Average hours and earnings.............. 336
Indexes of employment and pay rolls___— 344
Persons employed_______ 63,828
Summary........................................... 828
Union wage rates............................................. 353
Indexes.......................................... 350
Students in universities and colleges___114-110,121
Subway and elevated railways......................, 452,463
Sugar:
Brought from Territories and possessions..........................................................
726,727
Consumption............................................... 720,727
Disappearance...................... 720,727
Foreign trade.. 474,475,494,529,585,678,074,726,727
Dutiable imports and duties..................... 510
Internal revenue tax.................................... 178,179
Maple, and sirup:
Farm Income and value........................... 660,60S
Imports............................................... 686
Production.......................... 725
Prices:
Export................ 383
Import.......................................................... 834
Retail................................... 332
Indexes............................. 331
Wholesale.........................—................... 825,728
Production..................................... 698,724-727,730
Refining and manufacture:
Average hours and earnings................... 337
Corporation income-tax returns................. 190
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 343
Production...................................... 739
Summary............................................. 807
Revenue freight carried by railroads...................... 448
Stocks........................................................... 720,727
Wholesale trade...................... 872
World production................. 726
Sugar beets:
Acreage losses............... 695
Acreage, production, and value.................. 090,723
Of irrigated crop...................... ................. 626,631
Farm inoome from............. -_____________ 669

Sugar beets—Continued*
Farm price-................................... 723
Revenue freight carried by railroads......... 441
Treated................................................. 739
Sugar crops.'
Acreage, production, and value....... ......
'
Of irrigated crop...................................
Farm income from..................................
INDEX 9 5 9
631
Sugarcane:
Acreage, production, and value_____ 696, 723-725
Farm income from........................ 669
Farm price_____________ 724
Imports_______ 685
Suicides.................................................................88,96
Sulphur:
Exports____________ 475,547
Mines, summary............................................ 760
Production............................................. 767,847
Revenue freight carried by railroads...................... 442
Sulphuric acid:
Imports........................................... -....... 608
Production............................. 767,846
Wholesale prices............................. 327
Sumatra, trade with United States_________ 471
Summer schools_________ 121
Sunday schools__________ 72
Sunshino, percentage of possible, in selected
cities........................................... 136-148
Surety insurance................................ 300,301
Surgical appliances:
Exports...................................... 571
Manufacture, summary................ 837
Wholesale trade............................... 872
Surinam (Netherland Guiana), trade... 471,508,509
Suspenders, garters, etc., exports..................... 639
Manufacture, summary.................... 813
Sweden:
Foreign exchange rates................. 291,292
Immigration and emigration...............101,102,104
Trade with United 8tates___ 470,607,610,511,774
Swectpotatoes. See under Potatoes.
Swine. See Hogs.
Switzerland:
Foreign exchange rates_____________ 291
Immigration and emigration............... 101,102,104
Trade with United States................... 507,610,511
Syria and Palestine, trade with United
States.................... 470,510,511
Immigration and emigration......................... 102
Tailors, number.................................. 63,878
Retail trade....................................... -........... 878
Talc and soapstone, production.............. 760,761,767
Talc, French ohalk, etc., foreign trade......... 547,601
Tallow, foreign trade.................. 522, 525,580,687
Wholesale prices.............................. 327
Tanganyika Territory and Kenya, trade with
United S tates.............................. 471
Tangerines. See Oranges.
Tanneries:
Persons employed__________________ 64,65,823
Production.......................... 845
Summary................................ 823
Tannery extracts and dyestufls:
Foreign trade...................... 474* 475,531,588
Manufacture, summary................. 821
Production....... -............................................ 860
Tantalum ore, production................................ 764
Tapioca, sago, cassava, and arrowroot,
foreign trade.......................................... 474,475,583
Tar, foreign trad e.................................. 631,666,586
Production..................................................... 793
Tariff. See Customs receipts.
Taxation:
Express companies......................................... 447
Farm property............................................ 656,871
Motor-fuel taxes and motor-vehicle fees....... 179,
216,222,412,415,418,420
National (see alee Customs receipts):
Internal revenue:
Corporation income tax.......................... 179,
189-198,200,201
Federal estate tax--------------- 178,179,205,206
Gift t a x . . .......................................... 179,205
Individual income tax___ 179,181,182,186-188
Processing tax on farm products.........189,174
Summary. - ________ 166,167,160,170,178-180
Miscellaneous taxes.................... 176
Taxation—Continued,
Page
Property tax..................................................214-216,
222,230-232,234, 237, 656, 871
Railways................................ 437-439
State, municipal, and local......................... 214-218,
222, 230-232, 234, 237
Tax levies, cities........................................... 236,237
States.................. ------------------------------ 220,221
Tax-exempt securities outstanding____ _____ 213
Toa, Import prices.................................. 334
Foreign trade................... 474,476,685,732
Teachers, number_____ 69,1Q8,110,113,114,116,124
Teacher-training courses, students.. 114,119,124,127
Teamsters and drivers, number_________ — 60
Union wags rates.....................................— 354
Telegraph and telephone apparatus, exports— 666
Production, value........................................... 853
Telegraph and telephone systems:
Average hours and earnings........................... 338
Corporation income-tax returns.................... 197
Indexes of employment and pay rolls-------- 347
Persons employed............................ 67,394,396-399
Summary............... - .................................... 394-399
Telephone apparatus. See Telegraph and telephone
apparatus.
Telephone systems. See Telegraph and telephone
systems.
Telephones, number................. ............... 394-397,662
Tellurium, production........................ — 704
Temperature, selected cities................ 136-148
Tennessee Valley Authority:
Assets and liabilities.............................. 286
Civil service employees_______ — 159
Injuries to_______ 102
Expenditures for________ _________. . . . 169,172
Tents. See Awnings, etc.
Tenure:
Of farms_______________ 644-652
Of homes________________________ 45,46,48-62
Terra-cotta. See Brick, tile, etc.
Territorial accessions of the United States----- 1
Territories, nrea and populaitou. 1,2,6,11,21,918-920
Textile Industry:
Average hours and earnings.-------- ---------- 337
Corporation income-tax returns.................... 193,
196,196,198,200,202
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 842,343
Industrial and commercial failures............... 312
Manufacturers’ sales................................... 866,867
Persons em ployed........................ 64-66,808-816
Production.............. i ______ 842-844
In d e x ................................................-.......... 804
S um m ary................. 808-810
Textile machinery:
Foreign trade..... ........... -______ _______ 559,607
Manufacture:
Average hours and earnings...... ........ 336
Indexes ol employment and pay rolls------ 344
S u m m ary..................................... 832
V a lu e ............................................... 852
Wholesale trade_____________ 872
Textiles (see also inditiidml commodities):
Foreign trado.................... 474,475,532-539,500-596
Revenue freight carried by railroads______ 443
Wholesale prices_______ 326
Indexes_______________ 323,324
Wholesale tra d e .......................... 871,873
Thailand (Siam), trade with United States... 471,
510,511
Theater admissions tax.................................ITS, 179
Theaters, corporation income-tax returns____ 197
Theatrical soonery, manufacture....................... 837
Theft and burglary Insurance................... 301
Theology, students in ............................. 118
Thread:
Foreign trade_______ _________ 630,533,690,502
Production_________________ — 842-844
Wholesale prices................................ -............ 326
Ties, railroad:
Foreign trade________ 540,641,697
Replacements_______ 446
Revenue freight carried by railroads.......... 442
Tile. See Brick, tilo, etc.
Timber (see also Lumber):
Consumed In veneers............................ 747
Land entries and patents.____ ________ 129,131
Removed annually from forests_________ 742,744
Stand of.............— ......... - _____ 740,741

960 INDEX
Page
Time loans, interest rates on........................... 293
Timothy seed:
Acreage, production, and value.................... 096
Exports............ ............................. 531
Farm income from........................................ 669
Tin, bars, etc,:
Foreign trade...................................... 495,553,605
Prices, import............................................. 335
Wholesale...................................... 326,757
Production................................... 765
Tin plate and temeplate:
Foreign trade.................................... __ 648,603,774
Prices:
Export.......................................... 333
Import..................................... 335
WHolosalo................................. 326
Production.................................... 769,772
Tinsmiths and coppersmiths........................... 63
Tinware factories:
Indoxes of employment and pay rolls..................... 344
Porsons omployed— .............................. 64,85,828
Summary............................................... 828
Tires anil tubes, rubber.
Foreign trade................................. 530,686
Manufacture:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor..................................... 339
Averago hours and earnings___________ 337
Corporation inoome-tax returns......................... 196
Excise taxos.......................................... 179
Indexes of employment and pay rolls................. 343
Production.............. 860
Summary..................... 823
Wholesale prices____________ 327
Indexes.................... 324
Wholesale trade.............. 871
Titanium ore, production................ 766
Tobacco:
Acreage, production, and value... 697,698,703,710
Corporation Income-tax returns.................... 193,
195,196,199,200,202
Farm income from................... 068,669
Foreign trade........... ..................................... 474,
476,492,494,632,689, 673, 674, 733,881
Dutiable imports and duties...................... 619
Export indexes.................................. 674
leaf consumption............................... 861,862
Manufactures:
Average hours and earnings....................... 337
Indexes oi employment and pay rolls... 342,344
Persons employed.......................... 68,66,834
Production................................. 861
Index....................................... 804
Summary................................................... 834
Prices;
Export............................. 333
Farm..........; ............................................ 703,710
Import............... _■...................................... 334
Wholesale........................................ 325,327
Retail trade......................... 877,878,881
Revenue treight carried by railroads...................... 441
Revenuo from (oustoms and internal revenue!..................................................
178,179,519
Wholesale trade.................................. 871,873-875
Tobago and Trinidad, trade with United
States..................................... 508,509
Togo, trade with United States....................... 471
Toilot preparations, etc.:
Foreign trade........................ 474,475,569,570, Oil
Manufacture:
Exoiso taxes............................................... 179
Production............................................... 849
Summary............. . .................. 821
Wholesale trade...........................- ................ 871
Tomatoes:
Acreage, production, and value-—.............. 720
Canned........................................................ 738
Foreign trade...................................... 527,582,683
Retail prices.................................................. 332
Tonnage:
Entered and cleared In foreign trade......... 476-481
Of domestio oommerce......................... 458-462,468
Of merchant marine................ 463-485,488
Of Navy vessels........................................ 160,161
Of water-borne foreign commerce. 468,459,468-476
Through Panama Canal........... ......... 466
Tools (see also Cutlery and Machine tools): Pago
Foreign trade............................... 551,556,559,603
Indexes oi employment and pay rolls in
Industry.............-........................................ 34*
Manufacture, summary................................. 828
Toys, etc.: «
Foreign trade............................................... 572,611
Manufacture, summary...............................- - 838
Wholesale trade........................................ 871
Traction companies. See Railways, electric.
Tractor engines, exports.............-.................... 662
Tractors:
Foreign trade.......................... 562,607
Number on farms- -....... - .............................. 663
Production-------------- 854
Wholesalepriccs..................... 327
Trade (business) (see a lso Commerce a n d
Foreign trade):
Average hours and earnings....................... 338
Commercial failures—................................311,312
Contribution to national income........ .......... 315
Corporation income-tax returns........ -.......... 196,
197,199,201,203,204
Employees and taxablo wages............. 371,374,376
Indexes o( employment and pay rolls..................... 347
Persons engaged in....... .................. 57-69,61,67,68
Retail trade.................................................. 876-885
Employment and pay rolls by occupational
groups............................................. 348
Sales indexes............................... 885-887
Wholesale trade..................— .................... 868-875
Employment and pay rolls by occupational
groups ........................................... 348
Trade and Industry, vocational training
in.....................— ................................. 124,126,127
Trado-marks............................... 861
Trade regions, foreign trade b y .............— 470,471
Trades, union wage rates............................... 353,354
Indexes------------ 349-362
Training schools for delinquents. See Education,
special schools, etc.
Transportation and other public utilities
(see also individual industries):
Contribution to national income------------ 316
Corporation income-tax returns.................... 194,
196,197,199,201,203, 204
Employees and taxable wages............. 371,374,375
Persons engaged in.......................... 57-69,61,66,67
Transportation equipment:
Manufacture:
Averago hours and earnings...................... 336
Index of production..................................... 804
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.. 342, 344
Industrial and commercial failures............ 312
Sales— ..................................................... 866,867
Summary..................................................... 833
Wholesale trade........................................... 871, 873
Treasury bonds, outstanding and redemptions.....................
207,208,210
. Sales, prices, and yields....................... 304,306,307
Treasury notes, certificates, and bills, outstanding
and redemptions.................. 207-210
Trimmings, manufacture, summary................ 816
Trinidad and Tobago, trade with United
States__-_________________________ — 508,500
Tripoli, mines or quarries................................. 701
Production......................... 767
Truck drivers, number....................................... 66
Union wage rates..................... 354
Truok vegetables:
Acreage, production, and value..................... 720
Of irrigated crops.................................. .. 626
Farm price indexes......................................... 672
Farm income fro m ..................... 669
Indexes of volume of agricultural production.—
......— .......... 672,695
Trucking, motor, for hire, indexes of employment
and pay rolls......................................... 348
Tructas, motor:
Factory sales....... ............................. —. . . . 417,418
Foroign trade........................................ 563,007
Number on farms............................ 663
Production................................*................... 858
Registrations and revenues.........................- 417,420
Wholesale prices......................................... .. 327
Trunks, suitcases, and bags, exports---- — - 624,574
Manufacture, summary.................... 824

Page
Trust activities of national banks--------------- 264
Tuna, canned............. 738,754
Imports---------------- 576
Tuners, piano and organ......................... 63
Tung oil, imports____ ___________ 687
Tungsten, foreign trade......._........................ 652,604
Production...................................................... 765
Tunisia, trade with United States......... 470,612,513
Turbine. See Water wheels, etc.
Turkey, trade with United States................... 470,
607,610,511,774
Immigration........................... 101,104
Turkeys, farm prices......................................... 689
Farm income from_______ __ 669
Number and value on farms_______ ____ 676,686
Turpentine and rosin:
Export prices........................ 333
Foreign trade____________________ 63(1631,686
Manufacture, summary___________ 816
Production.................... 760
Twine and cordage:
Foreign trade.................................. 633,537,692,593
Manufacture, summary........................ ........ 808
Production.................. 844
Typewriters and supplies:
Exports................................................................. 561
Indexes of employment and pay rolls in
industry............................................... 344
Manufacture, summary........................... 832
Repair shops.................................................... 888
Umbrellas and canes, foreign trade.............. 674,613
Manufacture, summary................................. 838
Undertakers, commercial failures...................... 312
Numbor______ 68
Underwear:
Foreign trade_____ ________ 535,636,538,539,691
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay ro lls__ 343
Summary..................................... 810,812,813
Wholesale prices....... .......... 320
Unemployment compensation:
Claims and benefit payments....................... 373
Employees covered..................................... 372,374
Employers.................. — 372
Federal grants to States................................. 383
Stato funds available, eto.............................. 376
Tax revenue, by States.................................216,222
Taxable pay rolls............................................ 375
Union of South Africa, trade with United
S tates....................................... 471,512,513
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (see also
Russia), trade with United States.............. 470,
471,507,610-513,731:774
Immigration and emigration............... 101.102,104
Union wage rates........................................... 353,354
Indexes.----- ----------- 849-352
United Kingdom:
Debt to United States................................... 209
Foreign exchange rates.............—.............. 291,202
Immigration and emigration........ 101,102,104,105
Shipments through United States................ 614
Trade with United States.................... ....... 470,
507,510,511,731,774
United States Housing Authority;
Assets and liabilities...................................... 286
Expenditures for................................. 169,170,173
United States Maritime Commission:
Assets and liabilities............................ 286
Civil service employees.................................. 159
Injuriosto................................................... 182
Expenditures for................................... 169,172,176
Vessels controlled.................................................- - 468
United States securities (see also Public debt):
Hold by banks................. 243,
245, 251-254, 258, 259,291, 264, 270
Hold by Government corporations and
credit agencies........................... 277,281,283,286
Prices, sales, and yields______ _____ 304,306,307
Tax-exempt securities.-..... ............................ 213
United States Veterans’ Administration.
See Veterans’ Administration.
Universities and collogos.............. — 114-121
Upholsterers, number................ --- 63,888
Upholstering materials, foreign trade.............. 524,
635,578, 591
Production..................................................... 842
INDEX 9 6 1
Page
Uranium and vanadium ores, im ports........... 604
Production____ __________________________766
Urban dwellings_________________ 46,899,907-909
Urban population_________________ 7-9,20,33,634
Uruguay, trade with United States. 471,507-609,774
Foreign exchange rates__________________ 291
Vacuum cleaners:
Foreign trade____ ____________________ 555,607
Production____ _________ 852,853
Wholesale prices__________ 327
Vanadium and uranium ores, im ports............ 604
Production________ 765
Vanilla beans, imports.......... ............................. 536
Variety (5- and 10-cent, etc.) stores:
Persons employed............... 68,878,880
Sales indexes......................... 886
Summary............... 876-878,880
Varnishes and paints:
Foreign trade___ _________________ 568,569,610
Manufacture:
Average hourly wage rates paid common
labor___ ________ 339
Average hours and earnings____________ 337
Corporation income-tax returns--------- — 196
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 343
Persons employed_________________ 63,64,821
Production___ ___________________ — 848
Summary____________________ — 821
Wholesale trade________________________ 871
Veal (see also Beet):
Consumption___ _______________ — ........ 686
Foreign trade_____________________ 621,576,685
Production____________ 686,094
Wholesale prices and indexes............... 084
Vegetable oils. See under Oils.
Vegetable products (food and other):
Canned and processed..................................... 738
Foreign trade___ _______ 474,475,526-632,581-590
Revenue freight carried by railroads............. 441
Vegetables (see also Fruits and vegetables and
individual commodities):
Acreage, production, and value........... — 896,720
Index of production.......................... .......... 696
Ofirrigated crops------------- ---------------- 626,631
Canning and preserving____ __________ 738,806
Farm income tr o a ................. -..........—668,669
Foreign trade.............. 474,475, 527, 582, 583,673,674
Revenue freight carried by railroads---------- 441
Vehicles (se e also Motor vehicles):
Foreign trade— ,__________ 474, 475,563, 564,607
Manufacture:
Persons employed--------------------------- 63,68,833
Production..................- ............. -........... 852,858
Summary................................................... 833
Veneers and veneer logs:
Estimated quantity of timber removed
from forests for............................................... 744
Foreign trade......... 542, 597
Revenue freight carried by railroads......... 442
Wood consumed for veneers........................... 747
Venezuela, trade with United 8tatos............... 471,
507-509, 774
Vormiculite, production...................................... 767
Vessels, S e e Merchant marine and Navy
vessels.
Veterans’ Administration:
Civil service employees................. -................ 159
Injuries t o ..................... -............................. 102
Expenditures for.................................... 109,172,175
Pensions and other benefits:
Adjusted compensation................................ 166
Average annual value of, for eaoh war and
ail wars................................................. 154
Disbursements for.............................. 162,163,156
Hospita! or -domiciliary oare, beneficiaries
receiving................................................. 156
Insurance------------------------------- 154,155
Pensioners on rolls by wars......................... 163
Veterans or dependents receiving........... 163,156
Vetorans’ benefits_________ _________ 152-157,172
Vinegar, exports................... 527
Vinegar and cider, manufacture, summary__ 807
Virgin Islands:
Area, population, and date of accession........ 1,
2,918,920
Banks_________________ 260,262

9 6 2 INDEX
Virgin Islands—Continued.
Page
Births and deaths,; ...................... 06
Dwellings........................................... -......... 918
Educational statistics................................ 109-112
Postal service and postal savings.............. 273,393
Trade............................................. 608,509,614,018
Visitors to National Parks and Monuments.. . 917
Vital statistics:
Births and birth rates:
By legitimacy..,....................................... 92
By place of occurrence and residence for
selected cities............................. 89
By States....................................... 90-93
Excess over deaths............................... 88,00-92
Stillbirths....................................... 92
Summary............................ 88,91
Deaths and death rates (see also Accidents
and fatalities):
By age groups and sex___ ______ _____ 84
By causes..................................... 86,87,95
By color____ ___________ 84,85,91,94
By place of occurrence and residence for
selected cities.......... -.........-................... 89
By States................... . ....— . 84,85,87,94
Infant.......................................... 83,84,88,94-96
Homicides and suicides-............................86,96
Marriages, divorces, and annulments............97,98
Registration area for births and deaths.. 83,88,97
Vitamines and vitnsterols, exports.................. 566
Vocational education and rehabilitation___124-128
Vote, presidential............... 163,164
Voting age:
Citizenship of foreign-horn persons.............. 35
Illiterates...... ..........................-...................... 53-55
Total population, by States.........................
Wage earners (see also Employees and Employment
indexes):
Manufacturing industries:
By industrial groups and industries......... 805-
838,921-924
By industrial areas.................................... 841
By size of establishments.......................... 803
By States.......................-........................ 839,840
Summary................................................... 802
Minos and quarries.................................... 758-762
Public Works proleots and Works Program.. 357,
358,378,381
Hallways. See Employees, railways.
Wages and wage rates (see also Salaries and
wages and individual industries):
By occupational groups, selected industries. 348
Common labor.............................................. 339
Compared with cost of living....................... 338
Electric light and power plants........ ........ 338,339
Hired farm labor.................................. 661,664,071
Indexes...................................................... 673
Manufacturing industries:
By industrial groups and industries... 805-838,
921-924
By industrial areas.................................... 841
By States................................................ 839,840
Hourly and weekly earnings............ 336-339,346
Pay-roll indexes...................................... 340-345
Summary.................................................. 802
Mines and quarries.................„................. 758-782
Nonmanufaoturing industries, pay-roll indexes......................................................
347
Hourly and weekly earnings..................... 338
Public works and Federal work projects__ 339,
357,358,377,380
Hallways. See under Salaries and wages.
Hoad building............................................... 339
Union rates in specified trades.................. 853,354
Indexes.............. 349-352
Wholesale and retail trade, pay-roll indexes
(see also under Salaries and wages)...................... 347
Wagon-road land grants............................... 131,132
Wagons, carriages, etc.:
Exports........................... -................. 564
Manufacture:
Persons employed.................... ,.......... 68,66,833
Production.............. :.. - 854
Summary.....................................—___...
Wjales, trade with United States.................... 470
Immigration and emigration...........101,102
Wail paper:
Foreign trade........ ...... -............................ 543,
Wall paper—Continued.
Page
Manufacture, summary.................... 818
Production................. 760
Wholesale trade...........................................— 873
Wallboard, insulating board, etc., exports...... 643
Manufacture, summary..............................— 825
Walnuts:
Foreign trade.............................................. 528,584
Production and value_____________ 697
Of irrigated crop.......................... 631
War Department:
Civil service employees....... ........................... 168
Injuries to..................... 162
Expenditures for.................... ........ 168-170,174,175
Warehousing, public, employment, pay rolls,
and average weekly wages............................. 348
Washing machines and clothes wringers for
household nse:
Exports....................... 556
Manufacture, summary........................... 833
Production, value...... ................... 852
Wholesale prices...................... 327
Watches and elooks:
Foreign trade................................ ...... ........ 573,612
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls.................. 314
Persons employed............... 62,64,65,830
Summary................................. —................ 830
Repair establishments— _______ 888
Wholesale trade............................................... 872
Water and gas meters, exports.......................... 561
Water borne commerce___ 458-462,466,468-476,482
Water piped on farms........................................ 662
Water power:
Annual supply of energy from....................... 400
Developed and potential................................ 411
Electric energy generated by........... 401,404-406
Installed capacity of generating plants......... 400,
403,405,406,408
Water reserves, public......................... 134
Water wheels and turbines:
Exports............................ 557
Horsepower in electric light and power
plants........................................................ 406,411
Manuiacture, summary.................................. 831
Production, value..........1............................. 851
Watermelons, acreage, production, and value. 720
Waterways, Internal traffic..____ ________ 458-462
Wax:
Animal, imports—........— ______ 681
Mineral:
Foreign trade................... -................ 544,699,602
Production_____ _____________ 793,794
Stocks................. 794
Vegetable, imports.......................................... 587
Wearing apparel:
Foreign trade_______ 525,535-639,591-506
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........ 343
Knit goods, production...___ _________ 842
Summary......................... 810,812-814
Retail trade................... -............... 870-878,880,881
Indexes of solos............... 880
Wholesale trade..................................... 871,873-875
Weather conditions at selected stations........136-148
Well-drilling machinery, exports..... ................. 558
Manufacture, summary................ 852
West Indies, trade with United States (see
also Cuba, Haiti, Dominloan Eepublie,
eto.)........................................... 470,507-509
Immigration and emigration...................... 101,102
Wostorn Union Telegraph Co............... 308
Whale fisheries, vessels employed in________ 463
Whale oil and fertilizer, imports........... ............ 580
Production......................... 765
Wheat:
Acreage losses.................................... 695
Acreage, production, and value..................... 696,
698,699,708,709,711
Of irrigated orop................. 626,631
Consumed in flour mills.................. 737
Farm income from....................................... 069
Foreign trade........................... 492,626,681,733,734
Freight rates......................... 737
Prices:
Export............................................ 333
Farm.............................................. 699,709,736
Import................................... 334

Wheat—Continued.
Page
Prices—Continued.
Wholesale................................................. 325,736
Receipts at ports and markets...................... 735
Rovenue freight carried, by railroads..................... 441
By vessels..................................................... 461
Supply, distribution, and disappearance.. 733,734
Volume of future sales___ ______ 304
Wheat flour:
Foreign trade.....................-......... 492,526,681,734
Prices:
Export................................................. 333
Retail.............. _................................... 332
Wholesale.................................................... 325
Production..............................-............. 737
Whiskey, foreign trade................................... 529,585
White population. See Population, by color
or race.
Wholesale dealers, etc___________ 68,868,870-875
Wholesale prices....................................... 325-327,673
Indexes............................ 322-324,328
Wholesale trade:
Average hours and earnings-------------------- 338
Commercial failures.................................... 311,312
Corporation income-tax returns................... 197
Employment and pay rolls................ 348,868-S75
Indexes................ 347
Summary..................................................... 868-875
Widowed persons...................... -............. 42-45
Willow ware. See Baskets, etc.
Wind velocity, in selected cities................ 136-148
Windmills, exports............................................ 562
Production................... 851,852,854
Window shades and fixtures, manufacture,
summary.................. . . . ............................. 838
Wines (see also Liquors, etc.):
Imports....................... 586,862
Internal revenue taxes.................................. 179
Manufacture, summary............................... 808
Production and tax-paid withdrawals.................... 862
Wire:
Export prices.................................................. 333
Foreign trade........................... 549,552,553,603,774
Manufacture:
Indexes of employment and pay rolls................. 344
Production................................................ 771,772
Summary..................................................... 829
Wholesale trade.............................................. 873
Wire nails:
Exports........................................................ 549,774
Prices:
Export___-............................ -................... 333
Wholesale.................................................... 326
Production................................................... 769,772
Wire rods, iron and steel:
Foreign trade.................................. 547,603,770,774
Production................-........... -................... 769-771
Wholesale prices...........................-................ 775
Wireless telegraph systems. See Radiotelegraph
carriers.
Wood and wood manfuactures (see also Lumber
and Timber):
Foreign trade___ 474,476,493,495,540-542,596, 597
Dutiable imports and duties...................... 519
Manufacture, summary................................816-818
Revenue freight carried by railroads........... 442
Wood distillation, summary............................. 822
Wood preserving, summary............................. 818
Wood pulp (see also Paper and pulp):
Foreign trade........................... 474,475,495,543,598
Manufacture, summary................................. 818
Prices:
Import.................................... 335
Wholesale.................................................... 327
Production................ 749
INDEX 9 6 3
Page
Woodworking machinery, exports.................... 560
Production, value............................................ 852
Wool:
O
Consumption.................... 693
Farm income from............................... 669
Foreign trade....... 474,475,495,537, 593, 673,674, 692
Dutiablo imports and duties...................... 520
Prices:
Farm................ 692
Import..................................................... 335
Wholesale.................................................. 325,692
Production and value........................... 686,092-694
Receipts at Boston.......................................... 692
Revenue freight carried by railroads............ 442
Wholesale trade........................................... 871
Wool manufactures industry:
Average hours and earnings.......................... 337
Corporation income-tax returns..... ............... 198
Foreign trade in products.............. 495,537, 593, 594
Dutiable imports and duties...................... 520
Indexes of employment and pay rolls........... 343
Products, by classes.................... 843
Summary.................................... 811
Wholesale prices of products_____________ 326
Indexes.............. 324
Wool pulling industry, summary..................... 838
Workmen’s compensation insurance.--........... 301
Work projects, Federal..................... 358,377-381,900
World statistics:
Exchange rates......... -........................ 291,292
Merchant marine.......................................... 465
Vessels launched.......................... 465
Petroleum production........................ 792
Rubber production..................................... 728
Sugar production.................. 720
Wrecks and casualties of vessels..................... 467
Wringers, clothes, and washing machines,
manufacture, summary............................... 833
Production, value................... 862
Tarns:
Artificial silk (rayon), foreign trade.
Manufacture, summary................
Cotton:
Foreign trade.................................
Manufacture, summary................
Production......... ............................
Wholesale prices.............................
Jute and linen, foreign trade............
Production.....................................
Silk, manufacture, summary...........
Wool:
Foreign trade..................................
Manufacture, summary................
Production................................—
Wholesale prices............................
Wholesale trade.................................
Yeast, baking powder, etc., exports...
Manufacture, summary...................
Yugoslavia, debt to United States__
Foreign exchange rates.................... .
Immigration and emigration.......... .
Trade with United States...............
... 538,595
......... 811
. . . 533,590
....... 809
......... 842
......... 326
537,591,592
......... 844
....... 811
.... 537,593
.... 808,811
____ 843
......... 326
......... 873
.... 527,566
......... 820
......... 209
......... 291
101,102,104
470,510, 511
Zinc (see also Lead and zinc mines):
Consumption................................................... 780
Deliveries to domestic consumers.................. 780
Foreign trado........................................ 553,605,780
Manufacture...... ........................................... 770,820
Mino employees............................................. 62,762
Hours of labor___________ 762
Production (mine and smelter)________ _ 765,780
Stocks............... 780
Wholesale prices----- ------- ------------------- 320,757