Practical_modern_SCADA_protocols_-_dnp3,_60870-5_and_Related_Systems

532 Index distributed

532 Index distributed network protocol (DNP3) (Continued) fundamental concepts: enhance performance architecture, 76–7 functions of model layers, 77–8 OSI 7 layer model, 73–6 implementation rules/recommendations, 154 16- and 32-bit variations, 158 actions on slave device startup, 155 confirmation and retries, 157 counter roll-over, 158 data classes/events, 155 default variation, 155 error responses, 154 flags in objects, 158 fragments and frames, 156–7 freeze operations, 159 multiple objects, 157 operating binary outputs, 156 order of responses, 155 over-range analog objects, 158 time synchronization, 159 time-tagged binary input events, 159 unsolicited responses, 156 interoperability between devices, 153 confirming, 153–4 profile document, 153 interoperability/open standard, 67–8 key to data structure, 140–2 message transaction flow diagrams, 104 collision with unsolicited response, 108 confirmation timeouts, 106 effects of network delays, 107–8 multi-fragment response, 105 rules for unsolicited message transactions, 108–11 typical transaction, 105 object header, 118–19 field, 119–20 variation zero, 120 physical layer, 80–1 description, 81 full-duplex procedures, 83 half-duplex procedures, 82 procedures, 81–2 services provided, 81 topologies, 81 polling/communications options, 162–3 qualifier codes, 121–2 all-object mode, 125 index-size sub-field, 122–3 non-ranged mode, 125–7 object identifier mode, 127–8 point indexes, 128 range-absolute mode, 124 range-index mode, 123–4 reasons for using, 72 sub-set definitions: function code quick reference, 147 implementation levels, 143–4 implementation table, 147–52 implementation tables, 144 qualified field, 146–7 qualified field quick reference, 146 summary of implementation, 144–6 system topology, 70–1 TCP/IP and UDP/IP: carrying over a network, 168–9 general considerations, 164–6 Internet protocol suite, 166–7 link layer confirmations, 169 time synchronization, 169 time synchronization: general method, 163–4 global, 164 transmission procedures: confirmed send user data, 92–3 CRC error code, 96–8 main points, 90–1 request link status, 94–6 reset user process, 91–2 test, 92 unconfirmed send user data, 93–4 transport layer (pseudo-transport): data unit, 98–9 description, 98 transport header, 99–100 understanding message structure, 78 application layer, 79 buildup, 78–9, 80 data link layer, 80 physical layer, 80 pseudo-transport layer, 80 water industry application, 374–90 DNP3/IEC 60870-5 comparison: addressing, 308 application functions/data objects, 308–9 choice/winner, 311 complexity, 309–10 data link communications, 308 differences, 308 efficiency, 310 frame format, 308 general similarities, 307 interoperability, 309 security, 309 summary, 310

Index 533 support for protocol, 310 see also distributed network protocol (DNP3) Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), 10, 362, 363–4 Electrical signal characteristics: data communication equipment (DCE), 36–7 data terminal equipment (DTE), 36 Enhanced performance architecture (EPA), 74, 76–7 model layers: application, 78 data link, 78 physical, 77–8 pseudo-transport, 78 Ethernet, 8–9 10Base2 systems, 320–1 10Base5 systems, 318–20 10BaseF, 322 10BaseFB, 323 10BaseFL, 322–3 10BaseFP, 323 10BaseT, 321–2 10Broad36, 323 1Base5, 323 collisions, 326–7 design rules, 330 cable system grounding, 332 fast ethernet, 333 gigabit ethernet, 333–4 length of cable segment, 330–1 maximum network size, 332 maximum transceiver cable length, 331 maximum transmission path, 331–2 node placement rules, 331 repeater rules, 332 development, 316–17 frame reception, 325 frame transmission, 325 high speed, 360–1 MAC frame format, 327 FCS, 328 information, 328 length, 328 pad, 328 preamble, 327 source and destination address, 327–8 start frame delimeter, 327 medium access control, 324–5 physical layer, 317–18 reducing collisions, 330 signaling methods, 323–4 Version 2/Blue Book, 317 difference with IEEE, 802.3, 329 Far end crosstalk (FEXT), 322 Fast Ethernet, 333 Fibre optic inter repeater link (FOIRL), 322–3, 332 File transfer protocol (FTP), 337 Foundation fieldbus, 2, 14, 355 application layer, 358–9 data link layer, 358 error detection and diagnostics, 360 high speed Ethernet, 360–1 physical layer and wiring rules, 355–7 user layer, 359–60 Foundation fieldbus access sublayer (FAS), 358–9 Foundation fieldbus messaging specification (FMS), 358, 359 Gas Research Institute (GRI), 363–4, 366 Gigabit Ethernet, 333–4 High level data link control (HDLC), 42–3 error/flow, 45 frame contents, 44 frame format: information, 43 supervisory, 43 unnumbered, 43 protocol operation, 44 High speed Ethernet (HSE), 360–1 Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), 337 ICMP see Internet control message protocol IEC, 60870-5 addressing, 174 advanced considerations, 286–306 application data objects, 175 application functions, 286 clock synchronization, 294–6 command transmission, 296 data acquisition, 289–93 file transfer, 297 other functions, 296–7 parameter loading, 297 station initialization, 287–8 application layer, 203 ASDU structure, 204–14 message addressing and routing, 214–17 overall message structure, 203–4 balanced transmission, 199 address field, 201 control field, 199–200 function codes from primary station, 200 function codes from secondary station, 201 philosophy, 202