Revitalization of Rivers in India Draft Policy - Isha Guru Jaggi Vasudev

Revitalization of Rivers In India
Draft Policy Recommendation
soil biological and chemical properties of a rainfed Vertisol in the semiarid tropical
environment in southern India. Yields were comparable to the conventional system
of crop production that used standard agrochemical inputs. In crop husbandry
systems receiving only biological inputs, depending on the crops grown that year,
stover yield ranging from 6.6 to 11.6 t/ha and grain yield ranging from 4 to 5.9 t/ha
was harvested annually when there was > 627 mm of rainfall (Rupela, 2006).
An investigation on changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) under conservation
agriculture (CA), after seven years of rice–wheat rotations in the eastern Indo-
Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India, revealed that both zero tillage and permanent
raised bed crop establishment methods which retained the crop residue in the
soil increased SOC at 0–0.6 m depth by 4.7 and 3.0 t C/ha, respectively, whereas
the conventional transplanted rice followed by conventional tillage wheat system
resulted in a decrease in SOC of 0.9 t C/ha (Sapkota et.al., 2017).
Higher SOC concentrations in surface soils under zero tillage compared
to conventional tillage system have been attributed to less disruption of
macroaggregates that protected SOC against oxidation.
4.4.5. PARTICIPATORY RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT
A case study in Netranahalli Watershed (Karnataka) in southern peninsular India
stressed the importance of involvement of communities for conservation of
natural resources (mainly soil and water) and their management. Improvement
in groundwater levels, soil and moisture conservation, development of irrigation
facilities, water regeneration capacity, forestry and horticulture development,
change in land use pattern and cropping pattern, improvement in animal health,
employment, and income generation were noticed by Adhikari et al. [2013].
5. A REVIEW ON THE MAIN CAUSES OF SOIL DEGRADATION,
Research results documenting both soil on degradation and soil health
improvement in various agricultural systems and potential solutions to
improve soil health in different regions in India, leads to the following
(Bhattacharyya et.al., 2015):
438 Annexures