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Horticulture Principles and Practices

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Radiant heaters, 378<br />

Radicle, 90<br />

Reaction wood, 86<br />

Renewal pruning, 579<br />

Residential l<strong>and</strong>scaping, 475<br />

Resistance to disease, 215<br />

Respiration, 154<br />

Rodenticides, 246<br />

Root systems, 82<br />

Salt index, 127<br />

Samara, 49<br />

Saran-glazed greenhouse, 298<br />

Saw-tooth greenhouse<br />

range, 394<br />

Scaffold branch, 582<br />

Scion, 321<br />

Seed, 90–91<br />

Seed coat dormancy, 296<br />

Seed germination, 300<br />

Seed industry, 17<br />

Seed longevity, 295<br />

Seed purity analysis, 294–295<br />

Seed tag, 295<br />

Seed treatment, 298, 305<br />

Seed viability, 295<br />

Self-pollination, 198<br />

Semihardwood cuttings, 316<br />

Serpentine layering, 332<br />

Service <strong>and</strong> utility area,<br />

490–491<br />

Service area,<br />

Sexual propagation 283–306<br />

direct seeding, 302<br />

germination capacity of<br />

seeds, 297, 298<br />

indirect seeding, 302–303<br />

purchasing seed, 296<br />

seed companies, 296<br />

seed formation, 284–285<br />

seed law, 286<br />

seed nursery activities,<br />

304–305<br />

seed production/certification,<br />

285<br />

seed quality analysis, 286–287<br />

seed treatment, 298–299<br />

seed viability/longevity, 295<br />

sowing seeds, 306<br />

tagging, 263<br />

timing of seeding,<br />

transplanting, 277, 278<br />

Short-day plants, 105<br />

Short-night plants, 105<br />

Shrubs, 534–537<br />

Side grafting, 327<br />

Sigmoid growth curve, 155<br />

Simple layering, 332<br />

Simplicity, 480<br />

Small fruits, 50<br />

Sod, 552<br />

Softwood cuttings, 315<br />

Soil, 108<br />

air, 128<br />

chemical properties, 110<br />

defined, 108<br />

drainage, 138–139<br />

environmental concerns, 139<br />

fertility, See also<br />

Fertilizers, 115<br />

nutritional monitoring,<br />

120–121<br />

organic matter, 113–114<br />

pH, 114–115<br />

physical properties, 109–110<br />

primary nutrients, 111–112<br />

profile, 108<br />

properties, 109<br />

role of, 108, 109<br />

secondary nutrients, 112–113<br />

sterilization, 148<br />

temperature, 128–129<br />

tillage, 140–141<br />

water, 129–131<br />

Soil air, 128<br />

Soil drainage, 138, 139<br />

Soil nutritional monitoring,<br />

120–121<br />

Soil organisms, 127–128<br />

Soil organic matter, 113, 114<br />

Soil pH, 114, 115<br />

Soil profile, 108–109<br />

Soil salt tolerance, 127<br />

Soil sampling, 121<br />

Soil solarization, 148<br />

Soil sterilization, 148<br />

Soil structure, 110<br />

Soil temperature, 128–129<br />

Soil test, 114, 121<br />

Soil texture, 109, 110<br />

Soil water, 97<br />

Soilless culture, 142<br />

Soilless mixes, 142–148<br />

Soilless substrate culture<br />

systems, 443–448<br />

Solanaceae, 59<br />

Solar heaters, 419<br />

Solarization, 148<br />

Specialty l<strong>and</strong>scaping, 476<br />

Species, 30, 31<br />

Specimen plant, 433<br />

Sphagnum moss, 143<br />

Spreader board, 576<br />

Sprigging, 554<br />

Sprinkler irrigation, 133<br />

Spurge family, 59<br />

St<strong>and</strong>ard tree form, 581<br />

Steady growth phase, 155<br />

Stem cutting, 315–317<br />

Stem growth forms, 45<br />

Stem section cutting, 315<br />

Step tip (terminal) cutting, 315<br />

Sterilization, 148<br />

Stomach poisons, 262<br />

Stool layering, 333<br />

Storage pests, 228<br />

Succulents, 451–464<br />

bromeliads, 458, 460<br />

cacti, 461–469<br />

categories, 452<br />

defined, 451<br />

growth requirements, 458<br />

offsets, 457<br />

popular, 453<br />

propagation, 457<br />

Sunflower family, 457<br />

Surface drainage, 239<br />

Surface irrigation systems, 134<br />

Symmetrical balance, 483<br />

Systemic fungicides, 245<br />

Systemic insecticides, 262<br />

Systemic pesticide, 262<br />

T-budding, 329<br />

Taxonomy, 30<br />

Temperature, 97–101<br />

Temperature inversion, 96<br />

Temperature stress, 96–101<br />

Terrarium culture, 703–709<br />

care/maintenance, 708<br />

containers, 704<br />

planting, 707<br />

planting medium, 706<br />

selecting plants, 705<br />

tools, 706<br />

types of terrarium, 704<br />

Thatch, 557<br />

Thermal belt, 95, 96<br />

Thermophiles, 662<br />

Thinning, 557<br />

Tillage, 140<br />

Tip layering, 332<br />

Tissue culture, 207<br />

Tissues, 68<br />

Topiary, 586<br />

Topsoil, 108<br />

Tongue grafting, 325<br />

Toxicity, 250<br />

Trace elements, 113<br />

Translocation, 170<br />

Transpiration, 168<br />

Transplanting, 308<br />

Transplanting shock, 308<br />

Tree seedlings, 527<br />

Trees<br />

balled <strong>and</strong> burlapped, 527<br />

bare-root evergreens, 527<br />

care/maintenance, 530<br />

choosing, 24<br />

Christmas, 533<br />

container-grown, 527<br />

deciduous, 533<br />

narrowleaf evergreens, 532<br />

planting, 529<br />

preplanting storage, 528<br />

purchasing, 527–529<br />

small fruit, 600<br />

training/pruning, 527–529<br />

Trellis training system,<br />

598–600<br />

Trench composting, 667<br />

Trench layering, 332<br />

Trickle irrigation, 134<br />

Tubers, 52, 488<br />

Turf production 542–560<br />

aeration, 560<br />

athletic fields, 562<br />

choosing turfgrass species,<br />

545, 548<br />

dethatching, 561<br />

diseases/pests, 560<br />

establishing a lawn, 544, 546<br />

fertilizing, 559<br />

golf course, 564<br />

mowing, 555–558<br />

planting turfgrass, 549–552<br />

plugging, 554<br />

purpose of lawns, 543–544<br />

regional adaptation of<br />

species, 544<br />

sodding, 552–553<br />

sprigging, 554<br />

Turf production<br />

stolonizing, 555<br />

turf management, 555–561<br />

watering, 558, 559<br />

weed control, 559–560, 562<br />

Turfgrass, 542<br />

Uneven span greenhouse<br />

design, 390, 392<br />

USDA plant hardiness zone<br />

map, 98<br />

Vase training system, 595<br />

Vegetable production 611–642<br />

adaptation, 612<br />

nutrition, 612<br />

regionalized production,<br />

612–613<br />

California production, 612<br />

market types, 627<br />

soils, 627<br />

mulches, 628<br />

greenhouse production, 627<br />

irrigation, 630<br />

home garden, 630–635<br />

Vegetatively propagated,<br />

312–325<br />

Vertical resistance, 237<br />

Vernalization, 174<br />

Vines, 45<br />

Virulence, 238<br />

Virus indexing, 323<br />

Index 759

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