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152<br />

The Principles of Beautiful Web Design<br />

For these reasons, a series of special codes or entities has been created; we type these into our HTML<br />

documents to produce correct punctuation marks and just about any special character that we could<br />

need. The examples in Table 4.1 are just a sample of the many HTML character codes that exist.<br />

The code on the far left is known as an entity name or keyword. For instance, to produce a copyright<br />

symbol in your document, enter &copy; directly into your HTML, and you’ll see a © in the rendered<br />

page. Each of these entities also has a numerical equivalent; for &copy; it’s #169, so &#169; will<br />

produce the same symbol. For a more complete list of codes and their alternative entity numbers,<br />

check out W3Schools HTML entities page. 29<br />

Table 4.1. Sample list of HTML character entity references<br />

Entity<br />

Character<br />

Description<br />

&lt;<br />

&gt;<br />

&amp;<br />

&lsquo;<br />

&rsquo;<br />

&ldquo;<br />

&rdquo;<br />

&laquo;<br />

&raquo;<br />

&reg;<br />

&trade;<br />

&copy;<br />

&cent;<br />

&pound;<br />

&yen;<br />

&frac14;<br />

&frac12;<br />

&frac34;<br />

<<br />

><br />

&<br />

‘<br />

’<br />

“<br />

”<br />

«<br />

»<br />

®<br />

<br />

©<br />

¢<br />

£<br />

¥<br />

¼<br />

½<br />

¾<br />

Less than<br />

Greater than<br />

Ampersand<br />

Left single quote<br />

Right single quote<br />

Left double quote<br />

Right double quote<br />

Left angle quote<br />

Right angle quote<br />

Registered trademark<br />

Trademark<br />

Copyright<br />

Cent<br />

Pound<br />

Yen<br />

One-quarter<br />

One-half<br />

Three-quarters<br />

Application: The Fine Print<br />

Type is an important part of the Knoxville Reflexology Group logo. The typeface needed to be strong<br />

and have a bold presence, while being clean and friendly. The type uses a combination of Frutiger<br />

LT 45 Light and Frutiger LT 65 Bold. This combination of thick and thin typefaces gives a strong<br />

sense of contrast, but as both typefaces are from the same family, it helps to unify the logo.<br />

29 http://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_entities.asp

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