S03 HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT EXAM 2 Answers (Ashworth College)

S03 HUMAN GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT EXAM 2 Answers
(Ashworth College)
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human-growth-and-developmentexam-2-answers-ashworth-college/
S03 HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT EXAM 2 Answers (Ashworth College)
Question 1 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
The birth of a baby usually occurs __________ days after conception.
A. 250 B. 266 C. 365 D. 500
Question 2 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
What is the birthing technique that uses breathing techniques and relaxation, involves a coach, and provides
training that allows women to cope with painful contractions by concentrating on their breathing to produce a
relaxation response rather than tensing up which can make pain more acute?
A. Lamaze B. Apgar C. Bradley D. Hypnobirthing
Question 3 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
In what type of conditioning do infants learn to act deliberately on their environments to bring about a desired
consequence?
A. Modeling B. Habituation C. Operant conditioning D. Classical conditioning
Question 4 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
An infant who learns that smiling at his or her parents brings positive attention, and therefore begins to smile
more often, is demonstrating what type of learning?
A. Classical conditioning B. Modeling C. Operant conditioning
D. Habituation
Question 5 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
A restriction of oxygen lasting a few minutes that produces cognitive defects, such as language delays and
mental retardation due to brain cell death, is called:

A. Apgar. B. anoxia. C. episiotomy. D. lanugo.
Question 6 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Preterm infants are at a high risk of illness and death because:
A. they usually have to be born by Cesarean section.
B. they have not had time to fully develop.
C. their mothers have used anesthesia during childbirth.
D. they have a chromosomal disorder.
Question 7 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Although __________ of all newborns in the United States fall into the low-birthweight category, they account
for __________ of newborn deaths.
A. 15%; all B. 7%; the majority C. 7%; the minority
D. 15%; the majority
Question 8 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Research indicates that the following types of care, with the exception of one, appear to be effective in helping
preterm infants develop. Identify the exception.
A. Kangaroo Care B. Infants are held skin-to-skin against the parents’ chests.
C. Massage several times a day. D. Almost constant use of an incubator
Question 9 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
What is another term for a Cesarean birth?
A. Fetal distress B. Postmature C. Stillborn D. C-section
Question 10 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
The different degrees of sleep and wakefulness through which newborns cycle, ranging from deep sleep to
great agitation, are called:
A. social interaction. B. consciousness. C. states of arousal. D. attentiveness.
Question 11 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
When the critical hormone __________ is released in high enough concentration by the mother’s pituitary
gland, the mother’s uterus begins periodic contractions.
A. oxytocin B. corticotropin-releasing C. cortisol D. oxycontin
Question 12 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Newborns are born with innate sensory abilities that they do not have to learn; however, one way they learn
about their environment is via the __________ method first identified by Pavlov.
A. operant conditioning B. habituation conditioning
C. modeling D. classical conditioning
Question 13 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Which form of learning relies upon newborns producing an “orienting response” in which they become quiet,
attentive, and experience a slowed heart rate as they “take in” the novel stimuli?
A. Habituation B. Operant conditioning C. Classical conditioning

D. Modeling
Question 14 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Tiffany Field’s research suggests that infants can discriminate between all of the following basic facial
expressions except one. Which expression is NOT discriminated by newborns?
A. Fear B. Happiness C. Surprise D. Sadness
Question 15 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
A newborn baby scores under 4 on the Apgar scale. This means that the baby:
A. is normal and healthy. B. requires help to start breathing.
C. needs immediate, life-saving intervention. D. is premature.
Question 16 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
A standard measurement system that looks for a variety of indications of good health in newborns is called the
__________ scale.
A. bonding B. Apgar C. Lamaze D. Bradley
Question 17 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Approximately __________% of Caucasian American women and approximately __________% of African
American women receive no prenatal care early in their pregnancies.
A. 50; 75 B. 10; 50 C. 20; 40 D. 30; 50
Question 18 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
A form of learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened, depending on its association
with positive or negative consequences is called:
A. operant conditioning. B. habituation. C. classical conditioning.
D. modeling.
Question 19 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
What is the term for a period of deep depression following the birth of a child that affects approximately 10% of
all new mothers for months or even years?
A. Postpartum depression B. Stillborn C. Infant mortality D. Crib death
Question 20 of 20
5.0/ 5.0 Points
What birthing method has achieved widespread popularity in the United States, and involves breathing
techniques and relaxation training?
A. Apgar B. Lamaze C. Bradley D. Natural