SOCRATES special issue VOL. 6 NO.1 2018-Preview

VOL 6 NO 1 (2018): ISSUE MARCH Print ISSN: 2347-2146 | Online ISSN: 2347-6869
An International, Multi-Disciplinary Refereed And Indexed Scholarly Journal
Socrates Special Issue
INVESTIGATING POSTCOLONIALITY
AND POSTCOLONIALISM
As The Empire Writes Back
ISSUE EDITOR : DR. SHAZIA SIDDIQUI KHAN

“आ नो भद्रा: क्रतवो यन्तु ववश्र्वत:”
(सभी ओर से अच्छे विचार हमारी तरफ़ आयें)
“Let noble thoughts come to us from all sides”
ऋगिेद १ – ८९ – १

SOCRATES is an international, multi-disciplinary refereed and indexed scholarly
journal. This journal appears quarterly in English.
SOCRATES VOL. 6 NO.1 (2018) ISSUE-MARCH
SOCRATES SPECIAL ISSUE ON POSTCOLONIALISM “INVESTIGATING POSTCOLONIALITY AND
POSTCOLONIALISM AS THE EMPIRE WRITES BACK”
Date of Publishing: 20-06-2018
Published by: Diva Enterprises Private Limited, New Delhi on behalf Saurabh Chandra, SOCRATES:
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ISSN 2347-6869 (E) & ISSN: 2347-2146 (P)
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ISSN 2347-6869 (E) ISSN 2347-2146 (P)
S O C R A T E S
An international, multi-disciplinary refereed and indexed scholarly journal
SOCRATES VOL. 6 NO.1 (2018) ISSUE-MARCH
SOCRATES SPECIAL ISSUE ON POSTCOLONIALISM
“INVESTIGATING POSTCOLONIALITY AND POSTCOLONIALISM AS THE EMPIRE WRITES BACK”
Issue Editor
Dr. Shazia Siddiqui Khan
Editorial Assistant
Sayan Dey
Referees/Expert Reviewers
Dr. Jaya Srivastava
Professor
Amity School of Languages,
Lucknow, India
Dr Tasleem A. War
Sr. Assistant Professor
Department of English
University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India

Authors:
Saloni Walia MPhil student in Comparative Indian Literature Department of Modern
Indian Languages and Literary Studies Delhi University, New Delhi, India
Vahitha S. Assistant Professor Department of English South Travancore Hindu College,
Nagercoil Tamil Nadu, India
Ciyiltepe Tan McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Trishna Devi M.A in English Literature Gauhati University, Assam, India
Isha Biswas Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Hasan Abdul Ghani Master of Arts Department of English University of Lucknow, India
*******************************************************************************************
Editorial Team:
Journal Section - English Literature:
Dr Michael David Sollars, Section Editor
Chair-Department of English, Texas Southern
University, United States
Dr Shazia Siddiqui Khan, Associate Editor
Senior Lecturer and Head-Dept. of English
Mumtaz P.G College Lucknow, India
Dr Silvest R S Regin, Associate Editor
Assistant Professor Department of English
Malankara Catholic College Mariagiri,
Kanyakumari, Tamilnadu, India
Dey Sayan, Assistant Editor
Research Scholar Dept. of English, Banaras
Hindu University, India
Abdeladim Hinda (PhD), Assistant Editor
The School of Letters and Humanities
Ibn Tofail University - Kenitra, Morocco
Copy Editor:
Hitisha Goel, Dept. of English, University
of Lucknow, India.
*******************************************************************************************

SOCRATES VOL. 6 NO.1 (2018) ISSUE-MARCH
SOCRATES SPECIAL ISSUE ON POSTCOLONIALISM
“INVESTIGATING POSTCOLONIALITY AND POSTCOLONIALISM AS THE EMPIRE WRITES BACK”
INDEX
Page No.
Editorial: Dr. Shazia Siddiqui Khan
i-v
Postcolonialism:
1. The Pains of Colonialism: Examining Tsitsi
Dangarembga’s novella Nervous Conditions
(1988)
2. Displaced Identities of Transnational
Migrants in Salman Rushdie’s The Ground
Beneath Her Feet: A Cross-cultural
Perspective
3. Colonialism, Power and Resistance in Zadie
Smith’s White Teeth
4. Multiculturalism: A Critical Study of Chinua
Achebe's Selected Novels
5. Causeway to the Cosways: Establishing
Connection between Forms of Identity and
Consequent Reconstruction of Destiny
through Subversion of the Bildungsroman in
Wide Sargasso Sea
Saloni Walia 1-11
Vahitha S. 12-21
Ciyiltepe Tan 22-43
Trishna Devi 44-56
Isha Biswas 57-76
Postcolonial Poems:
6. Resurrecting the Africa: Voices of Rebel Hasan Abdul Ghani 77-80

Editorial
In this age of so many ‘posts’, be it postmodernism, post
structuralism or any other, postcolonialism is one that has been
greatly explored, used and even misused. I say ‘misused’ because it is fodder for thought,
whether a plethora of political movements and cultural/literary productions located outside
the West, however diverse, can all be assembled under the broad umbrella of postcolonialism?
Do they all necessarily stem from their experience of being colonized by the West? Works that
are broadly classified under the broad banner of ‘postcolonialism’ are actually, vastly varied in
terms of content, style or point of view. The one common thread which therefore, binds them
together is the experience of pain, marginalization, insult, exclusion and the resulting rebellion
and resistance, all of which is the suffering progeny of the tyrant stepmother, colonialism.
Postcolonialism is a phenomenon that refers to the interactions between the West and the
non West ‘other’, back from the sixteenth century to the present day. It determines how such
experiences altered and shaped both parties. The voices in response to colonial oppression,
whether loud and open, or subtle and hidden, were always those of protest and opposition.
While ‘postcolonialism’ is a theory, sometimes working therapeutically to recall deliberately
forgotten anguished memories of colonial brutalization, ‘postcoloniality’ is a condition,
plagued by an amnesia of these painful experiences, guiding the subjects of postcoloniality to
accept the negatives of this condition and proceed to shape and embrace their identities.
Finding a creative voice, the ‘colonised’, the ‘victim’, the ‘oppressed’, the ‘subaltern’, the
‘slave’, wrests his turn to speak up and speak out. The papers selected for this issue have
presented numerous examples of the individual’s response to the challenges and obstacles
thrown his/her way in a postcolonial scenario. The victim refuses to remain a victim. He
struggles, fights and emerges victorious, carving a niche for him/herself in his/her world, a
world that has suffered the pangs of the colonial experience.
Through the exploration of postcoloniality, which is more of a cultural, linguistic, literary
and creative phenomenon, we find that a strange grey area has been generated. On the one
hand it has created, (like Nyasha, in Tsitsi Dangarembga’s novella Nervous Conditions,
presented in one of the selected papers) ‘partly colonised’ individuals’ who cannot shed this
effect even if they want to. The author of the paper, a “twenty-first century post-colonial Indian
student”, notes that “Africa and India share many similarities in relation to tribal culture,
orature and community-based living.”
i

English is a language that cuts across territorial boundaries. As a world of seven vast
continents shrinks into a global village, the concept of the chained, pained, colonized
individual fades into oblivion. So, on the other hand, the current generation of the
postcolonised has snatched the oppressor’s sword away, wielding it now as a counter weapon,
as it were. It articulates in the language of the ‘master’ with a charming finesse, creates
literature through it, with an unmatched power and passion. It struts about in ‘European’
attire and has adopted the privileges of that lifestyle with considerable ease. The subaltern, the
victim has risen from the ashes as a glorious Phoenix. It spreads its wings, it soars. And, it sings.
The paper Causeway to the Cosways studies Jean Rhys’ novel Wide Sargasso Sea, which
has also been picturesquely converted into a movie and often been studied in comparison with
Bronte’s Jane Eyre’s. The paper explores how the novel moves on from a “reverse
Bildungsroman” towards a Kunstlerroman.
Salman Rushdie’s seventh novel, The Ground Beneath Her Feet, in which the mythic mode
has been applied, and which I have myself examined as a postmodern text (in my doctoral
thesis), has been studied in one of the selected papers with particular reference to the
transnational migration of its protagonists, “which is essentially a postcolonial factor”. The
author discusses how migration of individuals to different countries across the globe blurs the
East- West frontiers and results in producing a new set of socio-cultural beliefs and different
social expectations.
One of the contributors to this edition has taken up the study of two novels of Chinua
Achebe, a very pertinent writer in terms of postcolonial exploration. He has shown in Achebe’s
novels Things Fall Apart and No Longer at Ease, the plight of the Nigerian people as they
face the painful onslaught of an alien culture. Significantly, both the negative as well as the
positive side of the pre and post colonized worlds are depicted. “Achebe’s protagonists were
able to retain a sense of their pre colonial glory” as opposed to what Joseph Conrad documents
about Africa in his monumental text Heart of Darkness.
Another paper presents how the novel White Teeth by Zadie Smith deals with the
“contemporary ethical issues surrounding genetic testing” bringing unethical scientific
practices on colonized races into focus. The writer has made an attempt in this paper to put his
views alongside the lectures of Michel Foucault on biopolitics. It sends a powerful message to
the readers about the impact of such policies over the future of science, education and
research.
This special edition had also hoped to include some creative writing which has the fervor of
the postcolonial spirit at its core. Unfortunately, we received only one poem. The poet shows
ii

how the spirit of the magnificent, tribal Africa reels and is crushed under heartless colonial
dominance. But it hints that independence and freedom, for them are not elusive.
I sign off with these lines from the faltering pen of a young, amateur poet (Afreen Iqbal
Siddiqui, B.A. III yr. I.T.College, Lucknow), who has poignantly captured this strident,
undefeated spirit in the following lines of her poem A sadistic heart:
….what an inhumane humanity
Made them call my nation’s citizens “sub-humans” with utter brutality.
“Bharat” losing its indigenous industry
Was all this at the cost of their poverty?
How could one not rant on
The Queen wearing a looted diamond
From India on her crown!
……
Issue Editor
Dr. Shazia Siddiqui Khan
Head-Dept. of English
Mumtaz P.G.College
Lucknow, India
SOCRATES SPECIAL ISSUE ON POSTCOLONIALISM“INVESTIGATING POSTCOLONIALITY AND
POSTCOLONIALISM AS THE EMPIRE WRITES BACK” SOCRATES VOL. 6 NO.1 (2018) ISSUE-MARCH.
iii

About:
SOCRATES is an international, multi-disciplinary refereed and indexed scholarly journal.
This journal appears quarterly in English.
SOCRATES is available in both Print and On-line versions:
❊ Printed Version (ISSN 2347-2146): Format: Print Book
❊ Online Version (ISSN 2347-6869): Format: Published online (PDF)
❊ Journal Frequency: Published quarterly in March-June-September and December i.e. Four Issues in a year.
❊ Script/Language of the Journal: British English
❊ Subjects/Disciplines Covered: Multidisciplinary
Broad Subject Category: Social Science/Arts and Humanities
1. Language and Literature:
A. English literature
2. Philosophy
3. Political Science (including Public Administration/Governance)
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Saarländischer Virtueller Katalog (OPAC); Der Ausleih-OPAC | {Under Evaluation: SCOPUS, Science
Citation Index(SCI), Web of Science}.
Archiving: LOCKSS and CLOCKSS
Queries???
E-Mail: editor@socratesjournal.com

Mission:
SOCRATES aspires to be one of World’s leading Journal Publishing innovative, responsive and high-quality
Research Papers. Socrates is a serious, scholarly publication that is peer-reviewed and indexed, and we only
accept quality manuscripts to publish in this international journal. Our mission of introducing and initiating this
journal is to motivate Scholars who have the willingness to Produce and publish quality research and discuss
his/her original research, thoughts and ideas. We strongly believe in the concept of the connected academic
world of researchers. Thus, we have indexed our journal at some of the best citation centres.
Current status of the Journal:
The Journal Socrates is relatively young yet well-known around the Globe.
SOCRATES has been recognised as one of the major international journals worldwide. One and only Journal
from Asia and the Pacific which has been included in E-journals.org. E-Journals.org is the most honoured
and trusted source which dates back to Tim Berners-Lee (inventor of the World Wide Web).
Produced as par of the Harvard Dataverse Network.
GLOBAL IMPACT FACTOR - 2013 0.512 | 2014 0.611 | 2015 0.765
Index Copernicus: ICV 2013: 4.17 | ICV 2014: 69.00 | ICV 2015: 73.13 | ICV 2016: 59.45
SOCRATES is under evaluation in Science Citation Index (SCI), ISI Web of Knowledge and Web of Science
(Thomson Reuters) SOCRATES is under evaluation in SCOPUS SOCRATES is under evolution for inclusion in
"The Philosopher’s Index" (The Most Authoritative Online Bibliography in Philosophy).
SOCRATES is a REGISTERED JOURNAL FOR INDEXING (METADATA HARVESTING) Base URL for SOCRATES
Repository: OAI-PMH version is 2.0 Registered with world's topmost directories and databases.
Other Units/projects of the Journal:
SOCRATES: BOOK REVIEWS
Publication of Reports as an Issue or as part of an issue.
Publication of Special issues based on Scholarly events.
Socrates: Global Conferences
Coverage of the Journal:
Research article: Article of original research carried out by author(s)
Review article: a Significant review of original research literature
Short communication: Brief research communication/ news/views/ article
Case study: Analytical findings of an individual case and communicated in journal publication
Research method: Reporting of new research methods
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Observations (R&D): Expression of observations on R&D method/experiment/test and findings etc
Special articles: Invited article, memorial lecture/working paper/special paper/expert
views/comments
Standard: A standard is a document that establishes uniform engineering or technical specifications,
criteria, methods, processes, or practices
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often including opinions and findings, of an individual or group on a particular topic

Proceedings paper: The paper published in a Conference/Symposium/Seminar/Workshops etc or
summarization of all papers from conference proceedings.
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URL: https://socratesjournal.com/index.php/SOCRATES/about/submissions#authorGuidelines
Online paper submission at www.socratesjournal.com
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Scheduled: Published Quarterly
URL: https://www.socratesjournal.com/index.php/SOCRATES/Publication-Schedule
Regular Issues of the Journal are published quarterly in the months of March-June-September and December.
Journal articles can be published collectively, as part of an issue with its own Table of Contents. The Editorial
team of the Journal holds the right to include any individual article in any issue published by the Journal.
Unscheduled: Can be published when ready
The Journal also publishes "SPECIAL ISSUES" based on Proposals received from Scholars. The Special issue can
be based on Ideas, Events, Workshops, Seminars, and Conferences & Programme.

We also publish research findings as a special issue of the Journal based on reports submitted by Research
organisations, NGOs and other voluntary organisations. A report should necessarily cover any one of these
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URL: https://www.socratesjournal.com/index.php/SOCRATES/publication-ethics-statement
SOCRATES is committed to following Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing.
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As implicit conditions for publishing in The SOCRATES Journal, authors are expected to adhere to basic standards
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SOCRATES JOURNAL considers plagiarism as a serious ethical offence.
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does not necessarily imply misconduct. The rapid growth in the Social Science literature in recent years makes it
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appropriateness of literature citations as to the other components of the manuscript and to heed the
recommendations of referees and editors to correct and augment the citations when appropriate. Responsibility

for updating references after acceptance (but before publication) of a paper rests fully with the authors, but the
same principles should apply
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A competing interest is anything that interferes with or could reasonably be perceived as interfering with, the
full and objective presentation, peer review, editorial decision-making, or publication of research or nonresearch
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potential competing interests is a requirement at SOCRATES with effect from 05-02-2017 and is integral to the
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manuscript. If an undisclosed competing interest comes to light after publication, SOCRATES will take action in
accordance with COPE guidelines and issue a public notification to the community, it also includes rejection of
article from the published issue.
Require submitting Authors to file a Competing Interest (CI) statement with their submission. At the time of
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expected to conform to basic standards of professional courtesy, and respect the basic rules and guidelines that
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reserve the right to refuse submissions from individuals who repeatedly violate these guidelines or refuse to
cooperate with editors and referees in the normal peer review and publication processes.
7. Investigation of Misconduct Allegations
The integrity of our journals rests on the professionalism of its authors, referees, and editors. Alleged cases of
unethical conduct will be investigated vigorously by the Editors in Chief of the journal and if necessary will be
referred for further inquiry or action. Accusations of misconduct falling outside of the peer review or publication
process may be more properly directed to the relevant institutional authorities. Editorial inquiries will be
conducted with the maximum degree of confidentiality that is practical.

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