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AUSTRALIAN COMMANDO ASSN INC.<br />
Registered by Australia Post ~ Publication No PP100016240<br />
Edition <strong>13</strong> ~ <strong>2018</strong><br />
This photo was taken in the Gulf States. The fatal jump was in 2015, a tandem jump, which Tony Rokov took the full impact<br />
thus saving the life of his 14-year-old student. He was awarded the Star of Courage for his extraordinary bravery.<br />
IN THIS ISSUE…<br />
The Happy Wanderer<br />
Michael Parker Foundation ~ Kshamawati Hostel Project<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> Memorial Service <strong>2018</strong><br />
HALO Parachuting in Australia ~ The Early Days
CONTENTS<br />
REGISTERED BY AUSTRALIA POST PUBLICATION No PP100016240<br />
AUSTRALIAN COMMANDO ASSOCIATION INC.<br />
NATIONAL OFFICE BEARERS<br />
LIFE PATRON: Gen Sir Phillip Bennett AC KBE DSO<br />
Message from the Editor...................................3<br />
From the Prolific Pen of Harry Bell....................5<br />
Vale section..................................................7-11<br />
HALO Parachuting in Australia<br />
“The Early Days” ...................................<strong>13</strong>-19<br />
PATRON:<br />
PRESIDENT:<br />
VICE PRESIDENT:<br />
SECRETARY:<br />
TREASURER:<br />
ACA VICTORIA<br />
PRESIDENT:<br />
ACA VICTORIA<br />
SECRETARY:<br />
ACA NSW<br />
PRESIDENT:<br />
MajGen Tim McOwan AO DSC CSM<br />
MajGen Greg Melick AO RFD SC<br />
Maj Steve Pilmore OAM<br />
Maj Jack Thurgar SC MBE OAM RFD<br />
(Ret’d)<br />
Maj Bruce O’Connor OAM (Ret’d)<br />
Doug Knight<br />
Glenn MacDonald<br />
Barry Grant<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> Memorial Service<br />
Anzac Day address.....................................21<br />
Ex <strong>Commando</strong> sacrifices himself<br />
for young parachutist ................................22<br />
The Happy Wanderer................................25-27<br />
Chief of Army bans soldiers from<br />
wearing ‘arrogant’ death symbols.............29<br />
Michael Parker Foundation .............................30<br />
Book Review ....................................................35<br />
Little known facts about the wall....................37<br />
ACA NSW Bruce Poulter - 0414 891 854<br />
SECRETARY: poulstan@optusnet.com.au<br />
ACA QLD<br />
PRESIDENT: Nick Hill<br />
ACA QLD<br />
SECRETARY: Tony Mills<br />
ACA WA<br />
PRESIDENT: Alan Joyce - 0447 433 934<br />
ACA WA Paul Shearer - 0400 522 059<br />
SECRETARY: shearerp56@gmail.com<br />
PUBLIC OFFICER: Brian Liddy<br />
Aust Cdo Assn NSW “Q” Store......................41<br />
Aust Cdo Assn QLD..................................45-51<br />
Membership Application Form .......................55<br />
State Incorporated Associations.....................56<br />
Deadline for next edition (<strong>Issue</strong> 14):<br />
SUNDAY, 30 TH SEPTEMBER <strong>2018</strong><br />
All news on members and interesting articles accepted.<br />
(Subject to editors’ approval.)<br />
Barry G<br />
EDITORS:<br />
Barry Grant<br />
Barbara Pittaway<br />
The Australian <strong>Commando</strong> Association’s membership consists of<br />
Servicemen who have served with Independent Companies, <strong>Commando</strong><br />
Squadrons, "M" and "Z" Special units and Special Forces during and since<br />
the Second World War.<br />
DISCLAIMER: Opinions expressed within this publication are those of the<br />
authors, and are not necessarily those of the Editor, Publisher, Committee<br />
Members or Members of our Association. We welcome any input as long<br />
as it is not offensive or abusive but if any member has a problem with a<br />
printed article we would like to be informed in order that the author may be<br />
contacted. We do encourage your opinion.<br />
AUSTRALIAN COMMANDO ASSN INC.<br />
Registered by Australia Post ~ Publication No PP100016240<br />
Edition <strong>13</strong> ~ <strong>2018</strong><br />
Official Publishers:<br />
Statewide Publishing P/L<br />
ABN 65 116 985 187<br />
PO BOX 682, SURFERS PARADISE QLD 4217<br />
PHONE: 0432 042 060<br />
EMAIL: russell@commandonews.com.au<br />
Printed by RABS PRINT & DESIGN<br />
Phone: 0438 881 854<br />
Email: mike@rabsprint.com.au<br />
This photo was taken in the Gulf States. The fatal jump was in 2015, a tandem jump, which Tony Rokov took the full impact<br />
thus saving the life of his 14-year-old student. He was awarded the Star of Courage for his extraordinary bravery.<br />
IN THIS ISSUE…<br />
The Happy Wanderer<br />
Michael Parker Foundation ~ Kshamawati Hostel Project<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> Memorial Service <strong>2018</strong><br />
HALO Parachuting in Australia ~ The Early Days<br />
FRONT COVER: This photo was taken in the Gulf States.<br />
The fatal jump was in 2015, a tandem jump, which Tony<br />
Rokov took the full impact thus saving the life of his<br />
14-year-old student. He was awarded the Star of Courage<br />
for his extraordinary bravery.<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 1
2 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
Australian <strong>Commando</strong> Association<br />
NSW Inc.<br />
http://1commando1.blogspot.com.au<br />
PO Box <strong>13</strong><strong>13</strong>, Sutherland, NSW 1499<br />
COMMANDO FOR LIFE<br />
1941 - 1946 1955<br />
-<br />
President: Barry Grant Secretary: Bruce Poulter Treasurer: Ivan Kelly<br />
starlightcdo@gmail.com poulstan@optusnet.com.au ikelly@bigpond.com<br />
0414 914 615 0414 891 854 0417 042 886<br />
Message from the Editor<br />
As we go to press, another Timor Awakening team<br />
is preparing to go back to Timor Leste.<br />
Among them is 94-year-old Ian Hampel, 2nd/4th<br />
Independent Company.<br />
Ian landed on East Timor as it was known during<br />
WW2, on the ill fated HMAS Voyager in the southern<br />
shores at Betano.<br />
Ian marched the full distance on Anzac Day in<br />
Sydney so there’s no doubt he can handle the trip.<br />
I have been trying to contact him for a couple of<br />
weeks, finally ringing his son to find out he is snow<br />
skiing.<br />
God bless him.<br />
★★★★★<br />
The passing of Bruce Horsfield was a sad event, he<br />
had been working on the SAS documentary DVD<br />
series for about 17 years and just a few short weeks<br />
ago was awarded an OAM for contributions to military<br />
history. He also completed another on Long Tan, also<br />
acclaimed DVD.<br />
★★★★★<br />
Wayne Havenaar (ex 1 Company) has issued a<br />
warning order for a small craft reunion paddle.<br />
It will be held in late<br />
October, paddle from<br />
Shelley Beach, Manly<br />
to Balmoral Beach to<br />
Clifton Gardens.<br />
All small craft<br />
qualified (also the non<br />
qualified who can<br />
paddle) are invited.<br />
Paddle some of the<br />
trip or all of the trip,<br />
just paddle to Clifton Gardens or just come and join<br />
the picnic at the end.<br />
More details to follow.<br />
★★★★★<br />
Just a heads up.<br />
AGM of ACA NSW will be held on Satur day, 20th<br />
October <strong>2018</strong>.<br />
More details will be sent out by email and post to<br />
financial members ASAP.<br />
★★★★★<br />
The last Reserve Forces Parade was held on 1st<br />
July after 20 years of parading.<br />
Seems it lost the interest of<br />
a lot of donors and the ADF<br />
has said that the difference<br />
between Regular Forces and<br />
the Reservists is "blurred" in<br />
the modern age.<br />
Barry Grant<br />
Australian <strong>Commando</strong><br />
Association (NSW) Inc<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 3
4 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
From the Prolific Pen of Harry Bell<br />
Dear Editors,<br />
Well, here I am sitting on my bed in Anthem<br />
Nursing Home. I came into hospital on 31/5 for hip<br />
surgery and hope to be home soon. I can’t offer a full<br />
length story but will try to do better next time when I<br />
have access to my library.<br />
TedMacMillan (2/9) has survived repair of a hernia<br />
which he has been wearing for a while waiting for his<br />
cardiologist to give the green light.<br />
Defence has resumed the publication of unit<br />
names with their death notices and Reveille mentions<br />
the following: NX145462 R Foster (2/5), NX108777<br />
CJ Monty (2/3), NX77745 K G Wilson (2/2). Keith’s<br />
tank is given as Gnr - I’ll try to check when I get home.<br />
MV Flower of 3 Cav Regt is listed as is NX11703 Lloyd<br />
Hendry (2/9). I have been in touch with Lloyd’s son Ian<br />
and will write a decent obituary for next edition.<br />
Reg Davis (Davis RTR) 2/9 is back in St George<br />
Hospital with acute fluid retention which may relate to<br />
heart or liver or kidleys. (Well I said “kidleys”, diddle<br />
I?) He is decidedly unwell but the nearest he gets to<br />
cursing is “Golly golly golly!”. We are already making<br />
plans for next Anzac Day.<br />
Barry Grant tells me that Ian Hampel (2/4) is back<br />
in Timor Leste, courtesy <strong>Commando</strong> Association.<br />
Bravo. I hope Ian will write a full report.<br />
Barry you may have noticed errors in last night’s<br />
email. Lloyd Hendry’s number was of course NX not<br />
Nc.<br />
All good things to you.<br />
Thats all for now.<br />
Harry<br />
★★★★★<br />
Further to Harry's spiel, I visited Reg<br />
in St George Hospital.<br />
He is in good spirits and was<br />
pleased to see me.<br />
If the current treatment is not helpful<br />
he may be transferred to the St. George Private.<br />
Barry G<br />
One evening, shortly after the honeymoon,<br />
Tom was working on his Harley motorcycle in the<br />
garage. His wife was standing there by the bench<br />
watching him.<br />
After a long period of silence she finally said:<br />
"Honey, I've just been thinking, now that we’re<br />
married, maybe it's time you quit spending so<br />
much of your time out here in your garage.<br />
You probably should consider selling your<br />
Harley and all that welding equipment; they take<br />
up so much of your time.<br />
And that gun collection and fishing gear, they<br />
just take up so much space.<br />
And you know the sailboat is such an ongoing<br />
expense; and you hardly use it.<br />
I also think you should lose all those stupid<br />
model airplanes and your home brewing<br />
equipment.<br />
And what’s the use of that vintage hot rod<br />
sports car?”<br />
Tom got a horrified look on his face.<br />
She noticed and said, "Darling, what's wrong?"<br />
He replied, "There for a minute, you were<br />
starting to sound like my ex-wife."<br />
"Ex-wife!?" she shouted, "YOU NEVER TOLD<br />
ME YOU WERE MARRIED BEFORE!"<br />
Tom replied, “I wasn't..."<br />
ACA NSW members on Timor Awakening<br />
Ivan Kelly, David Lynch and Bill Merchant re -<br />
presented ACANSW on the Timor Awakening trip<br />
earlier this year.<br />
They were very impressed with the reception and<br />
friendliness of the Timorese people.<br />
Their tour took them from Dili to Betano where the<br />
remains of the HMAS Voyager can be seen from the<br />
beach.<br />
It was here that they inserted the 2nd/4th<br />
Independent Company, but the ship became beached<br />
and they had to leave behind the 2nd/2nd Company<br />
that they were due to replace.<br />
Next month, September, another 3 members of the<br />
Association are travelling to Dili on yet another Timor<br />
Awakening adventure.<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 5
6 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
Investiture of OAM for Bruce Horsfield<br />
Recently 40 people<br />
gathered in Kirribilli to<br />
observe Bruce getting<br />
his OAM. Due to ill<br />
health he was unable to<br />
go to Government<br />
House.<br />
The State Governor,<br />
General Hurley AC DSC<br />
Ret'd and his wife<br />
attended to make the<br />
presentation.<br />
Also in attendance<br />
was the former<br />
Governor General of<br />
Australia Major General<br />
Mike Jeffery AC AO<br />
(Mil) CVO MC Ret'd<br />
and his wife.<br />
We are very proud<br />
of Bruce, notably he<br />
has produced video<br />
histories of Long Tan<br />
and the History of the<br />
SAS.<br />
In Bruce's early days he was a pioneer in civilian HALO parachuting, the stories of that issue raises the hair on the<br />
back of your neck.<br />
John Addison<br />
Douglas Allen<br />
Jack Tredrea<br />
Bruce Horsfield OAM<br />
Jim Geedrick<br />
Jack Mackay OAM<br />
VALE<br />
2 <strong>Commando</strong> Company<br />
2 <strong>Commando</strong> Company<br />
SRD (Z Special Unit)<br />
1 <strong>Commando</strong> Company<br />
AIF<br />
Z Special Unit<br />
John Addison Douglas Allen Jack Tredrea Bruce Horsfield OAM Jim Geedrick Jack MAckay OAM<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 7
JACK TREDREA OBITUARY<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> who led a platoon of headhunters in<br />
Borneo, but did not get the message that the war had<br />
ended in August 1945.<br />
Jack Tredrea was part of the elite Z Special unit<br />
during the Second World War<br />
Emperor Hirohito had announced Japan’s surrender<br />
in mid-August 1945 and the Second World War was<br />
officially finished, but no one had told an Australian<br />
commando who was leading a platoon of headhunters<br />
against Japanese forces in the Borneo jungle.<br />
Warrant Officer II Jack Tredrea fought on, con -<br />
tinuing to harass and ambush the enemy with rifle fire,<br />
grenades, parangs and a silent assault by poison dart<br />
propelled from a blowpipe.<br />
Come the third week of October, and unaware that<br />
his radio had come to grief in a river, the Allied<br />
authorities put a stop to it. Major Tom Harrisson, a<br />
British officer commanding the Special Operations<br />
Executive campaign in Borneo, sent a runner with a<br />
written order: “The war is over, Tredrea, get out the<br />
best way you can.”<br />
Tredrea paid off his fighters and travelled home by<br />
riverboat and aircraft, reverting to his peacetime, and<br />
peaceful, calling as a tailor of suits for the good<br />
burghers of Adelaide.<br />
Jonathan “Jack” Tredrea was born in 1920 in<br />
Adelaide and left school the day he turned 14 to work<br />
as a messenger boy for the bespoke tailor. He showed<br />
some promise as an Australian rules footballer, playing<br />
for the South Adelaide club, building muscle and<br />
stamina by cycling round the suburbs with deliveries.<br />
Volunteering for military service, Tredrea served<br />
initially as a medic in the Australian 6th Cavalry Field<br />
Ambulance. This equipped him with skills that, a few<br />
years later, would make him a revered figure among<br />
the Kelabit people of Borneo.<br />
Seeking adventure, he answered a notice calling for<br />
volunteers to serve in a “special unit”. The senior<br />
officer who interviewed him had been a customer of<br />
the tailor’s, and Tredrea was soon dispatched to Fraser<br />
Island, off the Queensland coast, for training that<br />
changed him from a cutter of cloth to a cutter of<br />
throats.<br />
Tredrea found that he had volunteered for the elite,<br />
top-secret Z Special unit. There followed a year of<br />
intensive instruction in weaponry, unarmed combat,<br />
languages, surveillance, sabotage, living off the land<br />
and jumping out of aircraft. His assignment, at the end<br />
of that year, was Borneo. A sea approach was too<br />
hazardous, so in late March 1945 two B-24 Liberators<br />
took off with a payload of eight Z Special paratroopers.<br />
Tredrea’s task was to recruit sympathetic inhabitants<br />
and lead them, as a trained guerrilla force, against the<br />
occupying Japanese. He jumped out of the aircraft with<br />
a sub-machinegun, six grenades, medical supplies and<br />
a cyanide pill, which was to be swallowed in the event<br />
of capture and interrogation by the Japanese.<br />
His medical expertise brought him immediate<br />
success. A village head man asked Tredrea to treat an<br />
old friend afflicted by a large lump in the groin. In the<br />
absence of any anaesthetic, Tredrea ordered two men<br />
to hold his patient down, lanced the growth, removed<br />
what he described later as “masses of pus” and packed<br />
the wound with sulfa powder.<br />
The old man made a spectacular recovery and<br />
Tredrea, his reputation established, soon had his<br />
guerrilla recruits. “They were incredibly brave, but they<br />
could give your position away because they were so<br />
impulsive,” he recalled in 2014. “You had to control<br />
them, or they’d go on the attack with their parangs and<br />
their blowpipes. They really were headhunters.”<br />
Describing a typical ambush of a Japanese patrol,<br />
he added: “By the use of blowpipes, we used to<br />
quietly pick off the Japs from the rear of line. ‘Pfft!’ ”<br />
Back in Australia after the war Tredrea was awarded<br />
the Military Medal for “remarkable energy, un selfish -<br />
ness and devotion to duty”. Meanwhile, in 1943 he had<br />
married Edith Anna Bongiorno. Their first daughter,<br />
Leonie Pinkerton, became a bookkeeper and died of<br />
cancer in 1997 aged 53. Their second daughter,<br />
Lynnette Behn, worked as a taxation consultant and<br />
survives him. Edith died in 2006.<br />
Both daughters had some taste of the commando<br />
life. Their father introduced them to the art of the<br />
blowpipe, although without the poison. He also placed<br />
mattresses by the back veranda and trained them to<br />
leap off the roof, landing with a paratrooper’s roll.<br />
Between 1993 and 2017 Tredrea made seven trips<br />
back to the Borneo highland territory in what is now<br />
Sarawak, Malaysia. On one visit he was reunited with<br />
three women who, as teenagers 70 years earlier, had<br />
served as porters in his jungle campaign. He gave them<br />
silver necklaces bearing the Z Special emblem. His gift<br />
for the wider Kelabit community was 45 sets of replica<br />
medals to honour those who had served under his<br />
command and had continued fighting for two months<br />
after it was all supposed to be over.<br />
Jack Tredrea, tailor and commando, was born on<br />
May 15, 1920. He died from kidney failure on July 17,<br />
<strong>2018</strong>, aged 98<br />
8 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
Jim Geedrick was an extraordinary<br />
Australian soldier<br />
When severely wounded by mortar fire during an<br />
armoured assault in Vietnam in August 1968, Australian<br />
Army adviser Jim Geedrick thought his soldiering days<br />
were finished.<br />
He had earlier been photographed at Gio Linh on<br />
Anzac Day proudly displaying an Australian flag, in<br />
what would become one of the most iconic images of<br />
the war.<br />
Now fighting for his life, the veteran of every<br />
campaign since World War II found himself medically<br />
evacuated home.<br />
Six months later, however, he would return to Gio<br />
Linh to complete his unfinished tour.<br />
For Geedrick, getting wounded was just part of a<br />
job he had been doing for three decades seeing<br />
combat in all Australian military conflicts from World<br />
War II through to Vietnam.<br />
Last month an illness managed what scores of<br />
Australia’s enemies could not: Geedrick died on July 22<br />
in Rockhampton, at peace at the age of 94.<br />
His death saw the passing of an extraordinary<br />
soldier whose career is unlikely to be matched by<br />
today’s soldiers.<br />
Although described as indigenous, Geedrick was<br />
born into a large family of Ceylonese descent in coastal<br />
Yeppoon, central Queensland in 1924.<br />
In March 1943, Geedrick enlisted in the AIF as an<br />
infantryman, where his natural skills and personality<br />
marked him out as a potential leader.<br />
By the time Geedrick retired 30 years later he had<br />
received every campaign and service medal then<br />
available in the Australian Defence Force. For his<br />
Vietnam service he also received US and Vietnamese<br />
gallantry awards.<br />
In Borneo at the end of WWII, lance corporal<br />
Geedrick enlisted in the regular army and was sent to<br />
the British Commonwealth Occupation Forces in<br />
Japan.<br />
There he met and married his first wife, Shizue, who<br />
had survived the Hiroshima atomic bomb blast. She<br />
later died from when in her 60s from cancer her family<br />
believes was caused by being exposed to indirect<br />
radiation from the atomic blast.<br />
In 1951 the now sergeant Geedrick joined his old<br />
battalion, 3RAR in Korea, fighting in the significant<br />
battles at Kapyong and later Maryang San.<br />
Geedrick served with 3RAR d u r i n g t h e<br />
Malayan Emergency, then later during Confrontation<br />
with Indonesia, returning to Borneo where he had been<br />
during WWII.<br />
On May 21, 1968 now Warrant Officer Class II<br />
Geedrick joined the Australian Army Training Team<br />
Vietnam.<br />
Former WOI Neil “Lofty” Eiby who served with<br />
Geedrick in Malaya and during Confrontation<br />
described him as “a great<br />
soldier and a wonderful<br />
man.”<br />
“Because he was Jim<br />
Geedrick he seemed to be<br />
able to get away with<br />
saying and doing things<br />
other people might not<br />
have,” Mr Eiby recalled.<br />
“He was blunt but he was fair and above all he was<br />
humorous.”<br />
Geedrick’s final army posting was as RSM of the<br />
Australian Army cadet battalion based in Rock hamp -<br />
ton, a perfect segue for his later career as school<br />
sergeant at Rockhampton Grammar School, where he<br />
served from 1973 until 1997.<br />
He remarried Jurin who was from Thailand and the<br />
pair shared 25 years of marriage. He is survived by Jurin<br />
and his three children from his first marriage, Gene, Kim<br />
and Sheree.<br />
A spokesman for Rockhampton Grammar said the<br />
school had planned a dinner this weekend to honour<br />
his 25-years service to the school.<br />
“We knew he had been ill recently and weren’t sure<br />
whether he could attend,” the spokesman said.<br />
“He was a great mentor to generations of students<br />
at our school.”<br />
VALE<br />
It is with a very heavy heart that I inform you of<br />
the passing of AB Jack Mackay OAM of Z Special<br />
Unit on Saturday, 11 August <strong>2018</strong>.<br />
Jack served as part of the build up and training<br />
for Operation Jaywick, however he became ill and<br />
was not able to join the Operation<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 9
PROFESSOR BRUCE HORSFIELD OAM<br />
As a former Army commando, media academic and<br />
documentary maker, Bruce Horsfield was ideally<br />
positioned to package the rich history of the Australian<br />
Special Air Service Regiment.<br />
Bruce’s early interest in the military saw him join the<br />
Australian Cadet Corps before moving onto the<br />
University of NSW Regiment and really getting serious<br />
by qualifying as a member of I <strong>Commando</strong> Company<br />
in Sydney.<br />
Bruce quickly found his niche in the Green Berets,<br />
completing the unit’s exacting SCUBA diving course,<br />
submarine-kayak raids course and basic parachute<br />
course at RAAF Williamtown – simultaneously<br />
qualifying as trained teacher and going on to earn a<br />
Bachelor of Arts from New England University, Master<br />
of Arts from Sydney University and Doctor of<br />
Philosophy from the University of Exeter, where he<br />
completed a thesis on children’s television drama<br />
researched at BBCTV in London.<br />
If all that was not enough, he used any spare time<br />
to hone his parachuting skills, quickly progressing the<br />
basic military course to excursions into the<br />
troposphere that saw him take out the Australian High<br />
Altitude Free Fall Record of 25,000 feet, Southern<br />
Hemisphere High Altitude Free Fall Record of 31,000<br />
feet and make the NSW Parachute team for the 1963<br />
Australian Free Fall Championships.<br />
Some 340 jumps later - including two without<br />
reserve parachute, night free falls, water jumps and<br />
two main chute failures that caused him to have to<br />
deploy his reserve - Bruce decided to switch to field<br />
hockey, where he went on to represent Queensland in<br />
the 1996 Australian Veterans’ Championships.<br />
Bruce’s interest in television came with his move to<br />
the University of Southern Queensland as Professor of<br />
Media Studies, where he saw an opportunity to draw<br />
on his military experience to shoot a documentary on<br />
the most famous Australian incident in the Vietnam<br />
War, the Battle of Long Tan. His 54-minute tribute to<br />
that epic fight, Long Tan – the True Story, went on to<br />
become a Vietnam War classic and “one of the five<br />
best Australian documentaries” put to air by SBS<br />
International.<br />
Long Tan has since been broadcast three times by<br />
SBSTV, twice by ABCTV, eight times on Australian<br />
History Channel, twice on Canadian History Channel<br />
and was purchased by Australia Television for its Pan-<br />
Pacific cable and re-broadcast networks. Distributed<br />
by Film Australia and Siren Visual, the documentary<br />
continues to sell in video stories and is available in<br />
universities and libraries through Australia and abroad.<br />
Bruce’s work on Long Tan and a social impact study<br />
he carried out in the Pacific Islands for UNESCO<br />
combined to see him awarded a University Medal from<br />
the University of Southern Queensland.<br />
Long Tan also led to Bruce accepting an invitation<br />
to tackle a documentary on Australia’s Force of first<br />
choice, the Perth-based Special Air Service Regiment,<br />
which he spent 18 years piecing together with the<br />
support and guidance of former Governor-General,<br />
Major General Mike Jeffery, AC, AO (Mil), CVO, MC,<br />
who served as a CO of SASR, Director of Special<br />
Forces and Honorary Colonel of the SAS Regiment.<br />
A 10-part series tracing the formation and<br />
development of the SAS up to, for security reasons,<br />
the early stages of the Afghanistan War and the<br />
second Iraqi War, The Australian SAS – the Untold<br />
History was officially launched at Government House<br />
in Canberra by the Governor-General, General Sir<br />
Peter Cosgrove AK MC (Retd), in September 2016<br />
before a large gathering of the nation’s leading military<br />
personnel including MAJGEN Jeffery and the then<br />
Chief of the Defence Force Air Chief Marshal Sir Allan<br />
Grant "Angus" Houston, AK, AC, AFC.<br />
SAS the Untold History relates the unit’s 50 year<br />
history from a beginning marred by scepticism and<br />
rejection to world-wide recognition as a highly<br />
sophisticated reconnaissance, strike, recovery and<br />
counter-terrorist force. The series include an extended<br />
interview with the current US Secretary of Defense,<br />
retired four star General James N Mattis, about the<br />
important role SASR played in Afghanistan. Early<br />
copies of the documentary have earned high praise<br />
and approval from the Special Forces fraternity and<br />
been acquired by major institutions across Australia<br />
and internationally. An abridged version has also run<br />
on The History Channel.<br />
Bruce was awarded an Order of Australia Medal in<br />
<strong>2018</strong> by the Governor of New South Wales GEN David<br />
Hurley for his service to military history, academic<br />
achievement and sport parachuting. Supporting GEN<br />
Hurley at the private investiture was MAJGEN Jeffery,<br />
Bruce’s long-time mentor.<br />
For his service to the Regiment he was also<br />
admitted to the Australian Special Air Service<br />
Association as an Associate Member.<br />
Photo shows Bruce when filming Long Tan: the True Story in<br />
Vietnam 1992.<br />
10 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
I thought we should share this account of early High Altitude parachuting with you.<br />
Most readers would not have known that this type of activity in Australia was virtually unknown until some<br />
unsung heroes from an Army Reserve Special Forces Unit took the “big step” (literally).<br />
HALO PARACHUTING IN AUSTRALIA<br />
“THE EARLY DAYS”<br />
Nostalgia from Bruce Horsfield<br />
I read with interest and nostalgia an item in a Strike<br />
Swiftly sometime ago, on Brian Murphy’s high altitude<br />
low opening (HALO) free fall parachuting record back in<br />
the 60’s. Brian’s achievement caught my imagination at<br />
the time and I thought that your readers might like to<br />
hear about some other early HALO endeavours by a<br />
member of 1 <strong>Commando</strong> Company. In setting down my<br />
own HALO experiences as I recall them, warts-and-all, I<br />
often shudder at some of the vivid images that come<br />
sharply into focus in my memory, stern reminders of the<br />
problems and dangers we were up against and the<br />
limitations of our approach. Certainly, we were really<br />
establishing civilian HALO parachuting in Australia and<br />
there were critical times when our ignorance caught up<br />
with us. But we were lucky, we were young and some -<br />
what brash, and we had some successes. And now, of<br />
course, with the wisdom of hindsight and middle age,<br />
we’d probably not take as many risks as we did in our<br />
three attempts on HALO altitude records.<br />
“High altitude” is an imprecise term but my memory<br />
has it that “HALO” jumping is free falling from over<br />
20,000 feet - that height above which the free fall<br />
parachutist is required both to use the inboard aircraft<br />
oxygen supply and to carry a separate portable oxygen<br />
supply in free fall.<br />
* * * * * * *<br />
Early 1958, at age 17, I was the sole volunteer in D<br />
Company, University of NSW Regiment - the scruffy,<br />
university student conscript CMF unit that was the<br />
Newcastle part of UNSWR. I had never heard of 1<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> Company but after a chance meeting at<br />
Holsworthy with the unassuming and very professional<br />
Brian Murphy I was delighted in September ‘58 to pass<br />
the medical for 1 <strong>Commando</strong> Company, transfer from D<br />
Company and get my black beret. On the Taronga Zoo<br />
bus to Georges Heights on the first Tuesday parade<br />
night I met Corporal Mike Wells. Later Mike showed me<br />
some photos of the free falling that he, Brian Murphy,<br />
Barry Evers, Red Harrison and others were pioneering<br />
(and, painfully, without canopy deployment sleeves!) at<br />
Camden, south west of Sydney. This really looked like<br />
absolute lunacy to me at the time, and I mentally<br />
dismissed parachuting as unnecessarily dangerous and<br />
definitely to be avoided. Worse, during my Green Beret<br />
training I was dismayed to learn that the Para course was<br />
the only compulsory course in the unit. I seriously<br />
thought that I would quietly resign from 1 <strong>Commando</strong><br />
Company. But as many of us who have been through the<br />
unit have no doubt found, with its effective training and<br />
great esprit de corps, I gradually started to warm to the<br />
idea of parachuting. I had always been air minded and<br />
loved heights and would have enlisted as a pilot in the<br />
Fleet Air Arm in 1957 had my father allowed me. The<br />
older hands in 1 Cdo wearing their Para wings cer tainly<br />
seemed no worse for the experience (read: if they can<br />
get their wings then so can I!)<br />
So, in April 1960 I grasped the nettle and did my first<br />
frightening static line jump from 1200 feet with Sydney<br />
Skydivers at Camden using a 28-foot British X-type ex-<br />
Army static line parachute. The jump platform was a<br />
lumbering but adequate De Havilland Dragon twinengine<br />
biplane. By the time I did the Para course at<br />
RAAF Williamtown in November 1960 I had already<br />
completed eight static line jumps and two “jump and<br />
pulls” i.e. with ripcord deployment from 2,500 feet.<br />
Barry Clissold had also started jumping at about that<br />
time and we were the only “experienced” jumpers on<br />
our Para course, smugly watching 20 others fearful and<br />
utterly miserable first jumpers on the first long, long<br />
sortie until we started to catch the jitters from them<br />
anyway. Gradually I got hooked on free falling and<br />
bought my own ex-USAF main parachute and reserve,<br />
so that a few of us could go up country on weekends<br />
and make a plane load to get higher altitude jumps.<br />
At Camden in 1960 a free fall of 5-10 seconds was<br />
regarded as pretty sophisticated stuff. While we were<br />
very keen, none of us demonstrated much skill in or<br />
knowledge about free falling. The near blind led the<br />
blind. True skill in free fall - and high altitude air space<br />
so close to Sydney - were both very scarce. Sadly, we<br />
were restricted at Camden to 3,500 feet above terrain<br />
by Air Traffic Control at Mascot. Of course, skydivers can<br />
never get enough altitude and non-bivouac week ends<br />
would often see a few of us in Goulburn or Bathurst for<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> <strong>13</strong>
higher altitudes. By 1962 we were profi cient at<br />
stabilising and turning in longer free falls of 7,000–8,000<br />
feet above terrain. We knew little of HALO jumping (I<br />
don’t think the term had been invented) and we were<br />
still a bit timid about altitudes above 10,000- 12,000<br />
feet. HALO jumps from the troposphere (alti tudes up to<br />
37,000 feet) and the stratosphere (above 37,000 feet)<br />
were remote, fantasies to ponder over a beer. No one<br />
that we knew had experienced free falls from either of<br />
those levels. Anyway, what would be the requirements<br />
for oxygen? We understood that in-board oxygen was<br />
required above 10,000 feet AMSL by the then<br />
Department of Civil Aviation and there were stories that<br />
a personal oxygen supply in free fall was also<br />
compulsory above 20,000 feet AMSL. But where could<br />
the small personal bottles and oxygen masks to carry in<br />
free fall be obtained? Who had that sort of gear?<br />
Moreover, suitable aircraft that could make it to higher<br />
altitudes were expensive and hard to find. But all this<br />
was more in the realm of pub talk, for at this time we<br />
were mostly preoccupied with mastering stability and<br />
linking up with each other in free fall, and trying to steer<br />
our canopies to land dead centre on the DZ marker.<br />
But because of our love of free falling the mystique<br />
of high altitude parachuting – prolonging the free fall<br />
part of the jump - persisted with many of us. Were there<br />
real dangers in a long free fall, we wondered? Could you<br />
lose control, and go into an accelerating flat spin that<br />
would cause blackout, as we read had happened in the<br />
USA? That is, my generation of jumpers in the early ‘60’s<br />
thought mainly of the free fall part of the jump, and not<br />
being skiers or climbers asked few if any questions<br />
about the environment of the troposphere. Not having<br />
ever been seriously exposed to the frigidity of high<br />
altitude, we had no sense of the hazards of hypo -<br />
thermia, exposure, sub-zero temperatures, frost bite,<br />
frozen altimeters, and the decline in mental per -<br />
formance, judgement and gross and fine motor skills<br />
resulting from hypoxia. (We didn’t of course know that<br />
we would soon get first hand experience of these things<br />
the hard way!) To us HALO was all just a fantasy fuelled<br />
by a frustrating mixture of timidity, ignorance, curiosity<br />
and a desire for adventure. Obviously, by this stage I’d<br />
come a long way since my dread of the basic Para<br />
course. One detail we weren’t worried about though<br />
was the chance of missing the drop zone on a HALO<br />
sortie. Just getting to the ground in one piece would do<br />
nicely. Anyway, the spotting on our sorties was often<br />
lousy in the early 60’s and we all knew what it was like to<br />
lug our gear a long way back to the strip after a poor<br />
spot!<br />
But skydivers elsewhere, free of the altitude<br />
restrictions of Camden, pushed ahead. Suddenly,<br />
drama tically, higher leaps started happening around us.<br />
Laurie Trotter, an early ‘civvie’ skydiver, set an Australian<br />
altitude record with a 60 second delay from 12,000 feet.<br />
At Camden our parochial little group of skydivers were<br />
grudgingly impressed. Then, to our surprise and delight,<br />
Brian Murphy made a successful attempt on Trotter’s<br />
Australian high altitude free fall record using a Cessna<br />
210. Brian’s free fall from 17,000 feet - astonishing at the<br />
time - broke not only Trotter’s 12,000 feet Australian<br />
record but also our own psychological and physical<br />
resistance to the HALO environment above 12,000 feet.<br />
Then a NZ skydiving team using a supercharged Aero<br />
Commander 680F attained a remarkable 27,000 feet - a<br />
wondrous, absolutely mind-blowing excursion into the<br />
upper troposphere even by today’s standards. And, for<br />
what it was worth, it was a Southern Hemisphere high<br />
altitude free fall record. They exited at 27,000 feet and<br />
pulled ripcords at 2,000 feet. To most of us at Camden<br />
that sort of operation and altitude seemed out of our<br />
league. I remember wondering at the time just how such<br />
a jump could be possible.<br />
However, times and people change and in 1965 I<br />
decided to give it a go. We - Robin Godwin, a civvie<br />
mate, and I - would attack the Kiwi’s Southern Hemi -<br />
sphere HALO record of 27,000 feet. Brian Murphy<br />
unselfishly lent us each a portable oxygen cylinder (De<br />
Havilland Vampire jet fighter ejection seat cylinders,<br />
each with a 7 minute constant flow supply), which was<br />
required for jumping above 20,000 feet AMSL by the<br />
Australian Parachute Federation. Brian had acquired<br />
these little bottles for his own HALO record attempts<br />
(deferred indefinitely following a knee injury while<br />
parachuting). We were lucky to get cost - free an Aero<br />
Commander 680F, in a sponsorship deal with the then<br />
Avis Rent-a-Plane. The Avis pilot, Captain Peter Ahrens,<br />
assured us that the 680F could beat the Kiwi’s 27,000<br />
feet. At this stage I had done 147 jumps, mostly free<br />
falls, the highest being a 45 second delayed opening<br />
from 9,500 feet without oxygen equipment.<br />
Our plan was to free fall from the Aero Commander’s<br />
absolute ceiling – we had no idea what this would be -<br />
to 2000 feet, open parachutes, and land in Lake<br />
Illawarra where boats of the Kanahooka Motor Boat<br />
Club would retrieve us. Along with us on the sortie as<br />
“drifter” (a term used to refer to a device for gauging<br />
the wind strength and direction after take off but also to<br />
justify a free jump) was my younger brother - another<br />
Robin, aged 18 - who was doing his 45th jump. (Soon<br />
after, in January 1966 during the Vietnam War, Robin<br />
“celebrated” being conscripted by doing 40 jumps in<br />
one day onto Aero Pelican strip, Newcastle. Rob has<br />
very good legs!) As our drifter, Robin was to free-fall<br />
from about 16,000 feet to 2000 feet and land in the lake,<br />
exiting the aircraft as it climbed to whatever altitude the<br />
pilot could attain. The Aero Commander had its own inboard<br />
passenger oxygen console for our use on the<br />
climb and we would carry the little 7-minute ejection<br />
seat oxygen cylinders tied to our reserve chute bungies.<br />
These would be connected to our $5 Army Disposal<br />
Store WWII “12 O’clock High” oxygen masks – oldish,<br />
but in mint condition, like the candy striped USAF<br />
military surplus parachutes that we used. We would<br />
change over from the aircraft oxygen console to our<br />
portable cylinders on the dropping run, just prior to exit.<br />
The air space clearance to all altitudes from Air Traffic<br />
Control Mascot was for Sunday 14 February 1965 from<br />
first light to 0700 hours. Piece of cake!<br />
14 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
We spent an uncomfortable night before the drop on<br />
the floor at the Albion Park Aero Club. Next morning,<br />
mindful of Brian Murphy’s report of the deep cold he<br />
had experienced on his own record jump, we ate a<br />
hearty meal of steak and eggs thinking it would keep<br />
our bodies warm on the sortie. It was a meal we were<br />
shortly to regret having eaten. Then, to make it easier to<br />
get from our aircraft seats to the rear doorway for exit,<br />
we reversed the Aero Commander’s seats on their floor<br />
mountings so that all of us, except the pilot, Captain<br />
Peter Ahrens, faced the rear door, which we removed for<br />
our exit under the port wing. This also meant that all of<br />
us - pilot included - had our backs to the 680F’s oxygen<br />
console, into which we were all plugged. Several days<br />
previously we had sought to familiarise ourselves with<br />
the aircraft oxygen console and low-pressure con -<br />
necting lines and fittings but unfortunately - and<br />
ominously - we couldn’t organise it with Avis staff. So, as<br />
we geared up next to the aircraft for our Southern<br />
Hemisphere HALO Record bid, we were full of steak and<br />
eggs, rash optimism and the confidence of youth. Not<br />
only were we totally unfamiliar with the vital oxygen<br />
system on the Aero Commander but we had also<br />
ingeniously managed to arrange the seats so that all<br />
four of us, pilot included, were sitting with our backs to<br />
the all - important oxygen console. Moreover, neither of<br />
us had used Brian’s Vampire ejection seat bottles before,<br />
even in a rehearsal, since once the lanyard was yanked<br />
the flow could not be turned off, requiring a timeconsuming<br />
service by Hawker de Havilland at Banks -<br />
town. Youthful impatience resisted such extravagant<br />
waste of time!<br />
However, the morning was clear and calm and so we<br />
geared up in parachutes, life jackets, oxygen cylinders,<br />
balaclavas, gloves and ski masks and heaved ourselves<br />
on board the Aero Commander. The aircraft’s take-off<br />
gave us our first discomforting surprise, for to us the<br />
speed and rate of climb of the supercharged Aero Com -<br />
mander were simply incredible, and to me as jump -<br />
master/dispatcher quite disorienting. Accustomed to<br />
under powered Austers, the old De Havilland Dragon<br />
and the odd struggling Cessna, where there was ample<br />
time in the slow climb to altitude to think about the<br />
jump ahead, we were riding in a rocket by comparison.<br />
This resulted in less time to adjust mentally to the new<br />
environment of high altitude – a feeling of being<br />
“rushed” and of not being in complete control of our<br />
sortie.<br />
As we climbed steeply over Lake Illawarra, what had<br />
begun as clear sunny sky suddenly started to clag right<br />
in underneath us. A sea drift of thick, opaque cloud<br />
began rapidly to obscure the ground and lake. In no<br />
time we were at 18,000 feet and I dispatched brother<br />
Robin, who enjoyed a very long free fall to the lake<br />
through the last, fast-disappearing small hole remaining<br />
in the cloud cover. Pulling at 2,000 feet, he later<br />
reported a very pleasant and satisfying free fall. As the<br />
680F shot on up into the troposphere the complete<br />
cloud cover settled in well below us - but how far below,<br />
we could not tell merely by looking down at it. We had<br />
no DZ controller with ground to air radio and even if<br />
we’d had ground control there was little they could have<br />
done to guide an aircraft that they could barely hear and<br />
couldn’t see. In fact, by 19,000 feet we had absolutely<br />
no specific idea of where we were, and I couldn’t do my<br />
usual visual spotting for the exit point because there<br />
were no landmarks visible. A moody dawn sky above the<br />
cloud added to the sense of strangeness and uneasiness<br />
of it all and we had no plan of action for finding a lost<br />
DZ. Navigation for the dropping run and exit point<br />
therefore devolved entirely on the radio navigation skills<br />
of our pilot, Peter Ahrens, who seemed to have caught<br />
the spirit of our record attempt. No one, including the<br />
pilot, thought of calling it off because of the total cloud<br />
cover. It had taken much organisation, time and effort to<br />
get this far, and we were determined not to abort the<br />
sortie if we could avoid it.<br />
Then as we approached 25,000 feet I started to doze<br />
off to sleep, rationalising to myself that the previous few<br />
days jump preparations and the rough night’s sleep had<br />
been a little fatiguing and that a cat nap before the<br />
dropping run would surely do me the world of good. Of<br />
course, as a new chum I had no idea that I was drifting<br />
into the cosy seductiveness and fatuous serenity of<br />
hypoxia. This disaster struck very quietly. Unnoticed by<br />
us, behind our backs all three oxygen lines - pilot’s<br />
included - had simply dropped out of the oxygen<br />
console to the floor under their own meagre weight<br />
because of slack bayonet fittings. We did not know we<br />
were breathing only the thin inadequate atmosphere.<br />
So, there we were, hurtling upwards, dead to the world<br />
in a deep hypoxic slumber. In his sleep Robin vomited<br />
up his steak and eggs into his oxygen mask and all over<br />
his reserve ‘chute, clothing, his seat and the carpeted<br />
aircraft floor.<br />
Suddenly I woke up, nauseous and very groggy.<br />
Where the hell was I? What was going on? As I struggled<br />
to gain some awareness I realised that the aircraft was in<br />
a steep dive. Fortunately for us all, Peter Ahrens, an<br />
experienced pilot, had detected early the symptoms of<br />
hypoxia in himself and was descending as quickly as he<br />
could to a safe altitude. I was light-headed, sick and<br />
weary, but felt even worse when I realised that our<br />
precious record attempt was RS. But then Robin woke<br />
up and I thought fast. (The inflated arrogance, mindless<br />
urgency and insatiable appetite of youth!) I reassured<br />
the pilot confidently that we were ok to jump, but at first<br />
Peter didn’t want to know. Although I felt dreadful, I was<br />
insistent, making me speak briskly and moving pur -<br />
posefully to show him how wonderfully recovered and<br />
normal I really was. It was a shameless con. I shudder to<br />
think of how we must have looked and sounded. But<br />
Peter, sizing us up, finally agreed to give it another go,<br />
and called up Air Traffic Control Mascot for an extension<br />
of time. I refitted our oxygen leads and held them in<br />
their sockets, and the pilot pulled the aircraft’s nose<br />
back up. We managed to get to 25,200 feet before our<br />
extra time ran out. Peter then signalled us to jump. We<br />
changed over from the aircraft bottle to our 7-minute<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 15
supply portable bottles and crawled into the open<br />
doorway.<br />
Poking my head through the doorway I looked down<br />
on a vast white floor of thick cloud thousands of feet<br />
below us. Where, under all that cloud, was our Lake<br />
Illawarra drop zone? Far to what was probably the west<br />
of us a mountain peak nosing up through the cloud may<br />
possibly have been near Burragorang, but as far as my<br />
addled judgement was concerned it could have been<br />
any feature at all. Peter was working overtime cranking<br />
the RDF handle above his head trying to fix our position<br />
within a triangle formed by three terrestrial nondirectional<br />
radio navigation beacons (NDB’s). He kept<br />
nodding vigorously to us that we could jump, but<br />
looking down on to the complete cloud cover I<br />
hesitated in the doorway. I wondered sluggishly if fixing<br />
one’s position by triangulating NDB’s was accurate<br />
enough for us, as only one NDB could be lined up at a<br />
time, and with the great speed of the Aero Commander<br />
it seemed that a large margin of error was likely. It didn’t<br />
occur to either of us or to the pilot to abort the sortie<br />
but because there is only a thin strip of land between<br />
Lake Illawarra and the ocean I was afraid that we might<br />
even be out over the Tasman Sea. If we jumped perhaps<br />
no one would see us and we might be lost out to sea.<br />
Peter continued to put the Aero Commander into a fast,<br />
steeply banking orbit - clearly, he thought that we were<br />
over the drop zone. I wasn’t as confident as he – I had<br />
been on sorties where the pilot had insisted on doing<br />
the spotting and it was always very inaccurate. It also<br />
crossed my still sluggish mind that we didn’t know<br />
whether the base of the cloud cover was right down to<br />
ground level or was at our parachute opening height of<br />
2,000 feet, or was higher, or lower. But finding the DZ<br />
was our absolute priority and accuracy now depended<br />
entirely on the pilot’s navigational skills. As we banked in<br />
a continuing 360-degree circle I kept gesticulating to<br />
him, “Where are we? Can we go?” But with our seven<br />
minute portable bottles starting to run low, pinpoint<br />
accuracy became an academic question and despite<br />
feeling very vulnerable and disoriented, our dwindling<br />
oxygen supply forced the decision. I dived through the<br />
terrific slipstream of the port engine into the vast void of<br />
space and sky, Robin Godwin following immediately.<br />
As I stabilised in free fall, the sun peeked over the<br />
horizon of the cloud floor far below and my amber<br />
tinted ski goggles treated me to an enthralling,<br />
spectacular display of colour as the eastern sky and the<br />
entire terrain of cloud turned rich pink, orange and<br />
crimson. Instinctively I did a 90-degree turn and faced<br />
the rising sun. (At this stage I had been studying the<br />
transcendental nature poetry of the Lake Poets such as<br />
Wordsworth and Coleridge for my BA degree and, high<br />
on a blend of their pantheistic Naturfilosofie and the<br />
drunkenness of hypoxia, I found this solitary splendour<br />
of crimson cloud at high altitude total, spiritual and<br />
calming. In a crazy, irrational way my orientation to earth<br />
and sky inverted, as it were, so that the sky above me<br />
seemed solid and the ground below distant, ephemeral<br />
and unimportant. The Lake Poets would have<br />
approved!) But this transcendental “high” was suddenly<br />
interrupted, for as I reached terminal velocity in free fall<br />
my 12 O’clock High oxygen mask was blasted off my<br />
face and I was forced reluctantly out of my reverie and<br />
back to my immediate problems. Holding my oxygen<br />
mask firmly on my face with one hand while struggling<br />
to maintain free fall stability with the other, I started to<br />
wonder how much height I had left, since, still under the<br />
influence of the solar psychedelics and still not mentally<br />
100%, I hadn’t noticed whether my 10,000 feet altimeter<br />
had wound past zero once or twice. So with the soft<br />
surface of the cloud cover below now starting to rush at<br />
me, I grappled with my frenzied oxygen mask and with<br />
the problem of whether I was at 18,000 feet or 8,000<br />
feet. Dawn suddenly turned to dusk as I plunged into<br />
the grey-white gloom of the cloud mass, but my mental<br />
clock told me that my altimeter needle had in fact<br />
wound past zero twice. I took a punt and pulled at what<br />
I hoped was 2,500 feet, and not 12,500 feet, still in the<br />
cloud. As I floated down out of the cloud base I saw the<br />
ground and could see that I was at 1,800 feet - not<br />
above Lake Illawarra or the Tasman Sea, but above the<br />
land strip between the lake and the Tasman. Robin<br />
Godwin landed nearby. That was good enough. “A big<br />
thanks to our able pilot, Peter Ahrens”. Spotting with<br />
NDB’s is a fine thing, and to be highly recommended!<br />
Who wanted water landing anyway?<br />
On the ground I still felt sick from the hypoxia and a<br />
bit dazed and weary from the whole experience, but I<br />
was glad to be in one piece. It turned out that Robin<br />
Godwin had waited until clearing the cloud before<br />
pulling his ripcord and I must ask him one day how he<br />
knew that the cloud base wasn’t at ground level.<br />
Perhaps he was keeping close tabs on his altimeter as he<br />
fell. Afterwards we enjoyed a day or two of media hype,<br />
but we had had a taste of HALO and promptly started<br />
planning to better both our Australian record of 25,000<br />
feet and the Southern Hemisphere Record of 27,000<br />
feet of the New Zealand team. We were feeling quite<br />
pleased with ourselves, for our sortie could easily have<br />
been a disastrous and embarrassing failure (purists<br />
would say that it was anyway!). True, if we hadn’t<br />
blacked out we could have possibly made 30,000 feet or<br />
better in the time available. But we had gained some<br />
invaluable experience with oxygen and with operational<br />
planning. We hadn’t been cold at all at 25,000 feet or at<br />
any time on the flight, even with the door removed.<br />
Perhaps we were too hypoxic to notice, but I don’t think<br />
so. I thought at the time that perhaps we stayed warm<br />
because the aircraft climbed so quickly that we didn’t<br />
have time to lose much body heat. But we were soon to<br />
discover the hard way that the time of year affects<br />
temperatures “upstairs” a great deal.<br />
Now, how were we going to beat the Kiwi’s 27,000<br />
feet record? Finding a suitable jump aircraft was no easy<br />
matter. The Avis Aero Commander was no longer<br />
available to us as Avis went out of the rent-a-plane<br />
business soon after (but not because of!) our jump. After<br />
a very long and frustrating search we managed to find<br />
another sponsor when WD and HO Wills agreed to pay<br />
16 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
for the Aero Commander 680F of King Ranch Australia.<br />
The pilot, John Laffin, assured us that his 680F had an<br />
absolute ceiling of over 30,000 feet. So, on 12<br />
September 1965 the two Robins and I flew up to Cowra<br />
for the record attempt - but without the steak and eggs<br />
breakfast this time. To avoid the pleasures of hypoxia we<br />
did good aircraft oxygen and equipment checks before<br />
taking off. At 22,000 feet, I despatched brother Rob<br />
(with 53 jumps still regarded as too inexperienced for<br />
the higher altitude “men’s” stuff) and we continued to<br />
climb towards the 680F’s maximum ceiling.<br />
But before long the plummeting temperature in the<br />
aircraft became excruciating. The cold was absolutely<br />
appalling. The frigid blast from the port propeller was<br />
rammed in through the open doorway, icing into opacity<br />
our goggles and altimeters, reducing us to sluggish -<br />
ness, numbing our hands and fingers and giving our<br />
clothing, faces and parachute rigs a heavy coating of<br />
frost. I had never experienced anything like this in my<br />
entire life. Pilot John was obviously suffering greatly too<br />
and a more wretched trio I couldn’t imagine. Hypo -<br />
thermia was rapidly debilitating us. However, despite<br />
the terrible wind chill factor and deep cold, we never -<br />
theless continued the climb. After all, that’s why we were<br />
there!<br />
But it wasn’t to be. At 27,000 feet - equal to the<br />
height of the New Zealand altitude record - the oil in the<br />
port engine thickened from the cold and the pilot had to<br />
feather its three bladed propellers. I can’t recall it clearly<br />
but my logbook states that for some reason my mate<br />
Robin blacked out at about this stage and that he didn’t<br />
regain consciousness until a lower altitude was reached.<br />
On only one engine the Aero Commander dropped<br />
rapidly and by the time we changed over from aircraft<br />
oxygen to our portable cylinders and exited we were<br />
down to 18,000 feet - ironically, an exit height lower<br />
than brother Robin’s 22,000 feet only a short while<br />
before.<br />
I shall never forget the frigid misery of the free fall<br />
that followed. Already hypothermic, I found the cold in<br />
free fall unbearable, piercing my thick layers of clothing,<br />
gloves, balaclava and helmet. My skull chilled and I felt<br />
that my brain was freezing - I might as well have been<br />
free falling stark naked. To try to avoid the awful cold I<br />
rolled onto my back into the “dead horse” position, so<br />
that the main parachute pack might provide a shield<br />
from the painfully cold blast of free fall. But to no avail.<br />
I was chilled to the marrow. I perhaps should have<br />
opened my parachute high to end the pain, but not<br />
knowing the wind strengths and directions at all<br />
altitudes and not knowing where I might drift off to, it<br />
really wasn’t an option. Mercifully the opening height of<br />
2,000 feet finally arrived, and, my fingers being in -<br />
operable, I pulled the ripcord with my thumb.<br />
What a forgettable sortie! With a glum sense of<br />
anticlimax, we packed up and flew back to Sydney. We<br />
had not beaten the Kiwis’ Southern Hemisphere or even<br />
our own Lake Illawarra Australian record. To be fair, we<br />
had had no warning during the Lake Illawarra record<br />
attempt of the perils and difficulties of extreme cold at<br />
high altitude, and so had not really given it any serious<br />
thought on this second attempt.<br />
But we weren’t yet ready to call it a day, and despite<br />
the awful obstacle of hypothermia we still wanted to<br />
beat the Kiwis - if possible, without the problems of<br />
oxygen and cold, which had detracted from our earlier<br />
efforts at Lake Illawarra and Cowra. WD and HO Wills<br />
were a bit put off by our Cowra failure but sportingly<br />
rallied to meet the costs of a Fokker F27 Mark 1<br />
Friendship turbo prop airliner from the then East West<br />
Airlines. An airliner, no less! Yes, thanks! We invited<br />
Kenny Bath, an instructor at Sydney Skydivers, to join us<br />
for this third attempt on the Southern Hemisphere High<br />
Altitude Record. We told Ken about our loss of 10,000<br />
feet of hard earned altitude at Cowra because of the<br />
slow changeover from aircraft to personal oxygen. He<br />
turned up with male and female couplings for each of<br />
us, which, he said, would enable us to do a quicker<br />
switch over from the aircraft oxygen, supply to our little<br />
personal bottles so that any loss of precious oxygen or<br />
altitude would be negligible. I was so reassured by this<br />
cunning display of engineering initiative that I didn’t<br />
even try out the couplings, but left Kenny to fit a pair to<br />
each of our personal cylinder oxygen lines. It all seemed<br />
so simple.<br />
East West Airlines shrewdly moved our third record<br />
attempt to Grafton in northern NSW for two reasons: a)<br />
it was a sea level drop zone, providing “free” altitude<br />
compared with higher inland drop zones such as Cowra,<br />
and b) there was turbine fuel for refuelling. The Fokker’s<br />
absolute ceiling would be greater with a partial fuel<br />
load. Our inboard aircraft oxygen consisted initially of<br />
the pressurised interior of the Fokker, then medical<br />
oxygen cylinders from CIG strapped to the seat next to<br />
each of us for when the aircraft depressurised above<br />
20,000 feet. The spotting at high altitude was the job of<br />
the pilot, Captain Jim Swan, who would fly on a heading<br />
at whatever altitude he could attain straight down the<br />
Grafton runway and signal us when to jump. Knowing<br />
that the oxygen changeover on the dropping run was<br />
more important than where we would land I had no<br />
problem with this plan. (After the jump, we found<br />
ourselves only a forgivable kilometre from the strip.) On<br />
the dropping run we would therefore have ample time<br />
for an unhurried changeover from aircraft to personal<br />
oxygen systems. On the climb, although depressurised,<br />
we would keep the Fokker’s sliding rear passenger door<br />
closed so that the cabin heaters could warm up the<br />
interior. This proved to be very successful in keeping us<br />
warm before and thus during the free fall. However, after<br />
the deep cold of the Cowra jump, I had readily accepted<br />
Brian Murphy’s kind offer of his padded USAF aircrew<br />
quilted nylon inner suit for the jump (where did he get<br />
that, I wondered). Again, because of the previous effect<br />
of deep cold on my fingers, I swapped my leather<br />
gloves for large leather motorcycle gauntlets, which<br />
were mitten-like, without individual fingers – my thumb<br />
would have to pull the ripcord. Ken Bath and Robin<br />
Godwin had white cotton overalls on and warm clothing<br />
and balaclavas. In the quilted USAF suit I looked and felt<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 17
like something from outer space, especially as it was too<br />
big for me. I had no opportunity to try the suit out in free<br />
fall before the big day – if I’d tried it out in free fall I<br />
wouldn’t have worn it on the record bid. In view of our<br />
oxygen problems on the previous HALO sorties the<br />
question of whether we should fit barostats (automatic<br />
parachute opening devices - “AOD’s”) to our reserve<br />
‘chutes came up, but most AOD’s were poorly regarded<br />
at the time as on several trials they had pulled the<br />
ripcord D Ring of the reserve chute after the parachutist<br />
had landed! So we didn’t take the idea of AOD’s<br />
seriously for HALO jumping.<br />
To add to the sense of occasion, I invited 30<br />
skydivers at ten dollars a head to come along with us for<br />
a rare cheap leap from 10,000 feet from a Fokker<br />
Friendship, the money to go the Royal North Shore<br />
Hospital Paraplegic Unit. (There was some grumbling<br />
from the fraternity about both the money and my<br />
restricting their altitude to only 10,000 feet, but I felt<br />
that if we went higher for the 30 fun jumpers, there<br />
wouldn’t be enough time to fully oxygenate the three of<br />
us between their exit altitude of 10,000 feet and our<br />
proposed exit altitude at whatever the aeroplane could<br />
attain. It was simply a matter of priorities.) Two weeks<br />
before the jump I asked my older brother David, who<br />
had served as an IO in UNSWR, to fly with East West<br />
Airlines to a recce of the Grafton drop zone on our<br />
behalf and bring back a good field sketch of the<br />
environs – terrain, trees, natural and built hazards etc.<br />
What could go wrong when everything was so well<br />
planned?<br />
So, on a calm and sunny 24th of October 1965, we<br />
all flew from Sydney to Grafton, geared up and took off.<br />
I insisted on personally despatching each of the three<br />
sticks of ten skydivers on three runs at 11,000 feet. The<br />
Fokker’s sliding rear door and the handy airhostess’<br />
phone to the pilot made my jumpmaster’s job a dream.<br />
No NDB’s needed here! I was in form on the day and all<br />
three sticks landed very near the white cross on the<br />
airfield. I enjoyed that very much (“First stick, stand up!”<br />
sort of thing). Then I closed the door, returned to my<br />
seat, went on to the CIG oxygen and the aircraft repressurised.<br />
After we passed through 20,000 feet we<br />
depressurised and awaited the climb to the Fokker’s<br />
absolute ceiling and the pilot’s signal - relayed to us by<br />
Ron Walesby, the Manager of East West Airlines, which<br />
we were soon to commence the dropping run. After the<br />
hypothermia of Cowra the Fokker was cosy and warm,<br />
and the big medical oxygen cylinders with their clearly<br />
calibrated flow meters roped to the seats next to us<br />
worked well. At 31,000 feet, with the Fokker’s rate of<br />
climb right down, Ron signalled to us that we were on<br />
the dropping run - time for us to change over to our little<br />
cylinders, get quickly down to the back door, slide it<br />
open, and jump. Nothing to it. However, my motorcycle<br />
gauntlets did not permit a quick, nimble-fingered<br />
oxygen changeover using Kenny Bath’s male and female<br />
fittings. So, to conserve my seven-minute personal<br />
supply I removed my gauntlets, activated my portable<br />
bang-seat bottle, and disconnected my 12 O’clock High<br />
mask from aircraft supply and plugged into the lowpressure<br />
line from Murphy’s portable bottle. As the male<br />
fitting snapped home, I felt an unexpected whoosh of<br />
air in my oxygen mask. But I could not pause to<br />
investigate this oddity, because Ron was motioning to<br />
us to be on our way to the rear doorway. I put on my<br />
gauntlets, stood up, plodded down the aisle of the<br />
Fokker to the back door and pulled it open. As I did so,<br />
I heard a loud sharp bang, like a double bunger,<br />
followed by another sharp bang. Puzzled, I waited at the<br />
open doorway, but neither Ken nor Robin joined me.<br />
Then Kenny came down the aircraft to the doorway with<br />
the shredded end of his portable bottle’s low-pressure<br />
line in his mouth. This was probably not what one hopes<br />
to see on a well-organised HALO jump. But, recognising<br />
there was nothing that could be done; I held my oxygen<br />
mask firmly to my face and stepped out of the door into<br />
space, Kenny following. Robin Godwin did not join us at<br />
the doorway before we jumped.<br />
We worked out later what had gone wrong. We<br />
hadn’t known that the male and female fittings Kenny<br />
had obtained for us had a one-way non-return valve that<br />
wouldn’t open until the fitting was actually snapped<br />
home. Kenny had made no mention of the one-way<br />
valves – maybe he did not know about them either. The<br />
portable bottles, once activated, had simply built up<br />
pressure behind the one-way valve until the lines<br />
exploded. With the whoosh into my mask I had escaped<br />
by only a few seconds a similar explosion, because, of<br />
the three of us, I was the only one who had happened<br />
to remove his gloves to affect a quick oxygen<br />
changeover. Kenny was lucky in that his line exploded<br />
near his mask and was still long enough to simply put in<br />
his mouth. Robin Godwin was not so fortunate: his line<br />
exploded near his personal bottle lashed to his reserve<br />
parachute and so it wasn’t long enough to reach his<br />
mouth unless he wanted to unhook his reserve ‘chute<br />
and free fall with it under his arm! At 31,000 feet, with<br />
the aircraft depressurised and his free fall personal<br />
oxygen supply unusable, Robin looked down the full<br />
length of the Fokker to see Kenny and myself departing<br />
through the open doorway. Deciding that it was too<br />
good a picnic to miss, Robin got up, oxygen or no<br />
oxygen, charged down the aircraft and out into space.<br />
He reported no ill effects or hypoxia from this, and we<br />
thought it must be good value to be well oxygenated at<br />
high altitude if you can manage it.<br />
My own free fall of 29,000 feet was a mess. The 12<br />
O’clock High mask was again ripped away from my face<br />
by the blast of the free fall. But my quilted nylon jump<br />
suit, while warm enough, had such a low coefficient of<br />
friction with the air that I found it virtually impossible to<br />
stabilise in free fall. I skidded and skated all over the sky<br />
like a beginner on a skating rink. Worse, the suit was far<br />
too big for me, and unimpeded by the three-point<br />
parachute harness the inner suit billowed, concealing<br />
my ripcord handle, which totally disappeared into the<br />
billowing folds of the inner suit. I spent almost the entire<br />
18 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
free fall alternatively looking for the bloody ripcord,<br />
wrestling the oxygen mask back onto my face and<br />
carefully counting the needle of my 10,000 feet<br />
altimeter three times past zero. Interestingly, although it<br />
was still only spring and the pilot recorded an outside air<br />
temperature of minus 67 degrees Fahrenheit at our exit<br />
height of 31,000 feet, I had no sensation of cold<br />
whatsoever on this sortie and neither did the others.<br />
Being warm in the Fokker on the climb had presumably<br />
done the trick. I was also interested to learn from a<br />
friend who was a Professor of Physics at UNSW that<br />
terminal velocity in free fall from that altitude in the<br />
thinner air was probably about 340kph (or, in my<br />
slippery nylon tent, probably 400kph!), and that the<br />
duration of the fall was over two minutes.<br />
So, third time lucky. We had the title. The media<br />
came to the party, WD and HO Wills threw us a big<br />
reception and presented us each with a nice trophy,<br />
suitably inscribed, and all the cigarettes we could<br />
smoke! Our jump had finally beaten the New Zealanders<br />
and our record stood for something like six or seven<br />
years at least, when I think a Victorian team achieved<br />
about 32,000 feet using a Beechcraft King Air. We were<br />
later somewhat galled to learn that at Grafton our pilot<br />
could have possibly got the Fokker even higher. But as<br />
its rate of climb on the dropping run was only 40 feet<br />
per minute (very low indeed) it was not clear what extra<br />
altitude could really have been achieved on that sortie,<br />
short of removing all the seats and stripping the aircraft<br />
of everything removable. Had I known in advance,<br />
though, I would have taken my spanner with me and<br />
assisted in stripping the Fokker.<br />
There was a worthy outcome to our oxygen<br />
problems: later the Australian Parachute Federation<br />
arranged for its members to accompany QANTAS<br />
trainee pilots in the high altitude simulator decom -<br />
pression tank at RAAF Richmond, which I did. Although<br />
it came after the event, the RAAF tank was a valuable<br />
experience of medically controlled hypoxia that I could<br />
heartily recommend to my fellow skydivers. The main<br />
message about hypoxia was that you could feel normal<br />
and confident but at the same time have seriously<br />
impaired judgement and cognition.<br />
Although I subsequently tried hard to break our<br />
altitude record with a night free fall from 38,000 - 40,000<br />
feet, we couldn’t find an affordable, adequate aeroplane<br />
and Grafton was in fact the last of our HALO jumps. We<br />
had learnt a lot about oxygen and its portability, about<br />
combating extreme cold, about the psychology of<br />
performing arduous physical and mental tasks, and - the<br />
hard way - about sound planning and rehearsal,<br />
especially with new equipment. The dollar cost of the<br />
aircraft is probably still a major factor – if you can afford<br />
the right aeroplane then you will be spared the<br />
problems of hypothermia and hypoxia.<br />
Now, I wonder what a 747 costs per hour…?<br />
For the record this is impossible due to the door<br />
opening mechanism on a Boeing 747. Editor<br />
(Cpl) Bruce Horsfield<br />
1 <strong>Commando</strong> Coy, 1958-1962<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 19
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20 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
Regimental Executive Officer Major Lee Mountford,<br />
President of the <strong>Commando</strong> Association Barry Grant,<br />
members of the Association, distinguished guests,<br />
fellow <strong>Commando</strong>s and <strong>Commando</strong> supporters, ladies<br />
and gentlemen, girls and boys, good morning and<br />
thank you for the invitation to address your service this<br />
morning.<br />
I have chosen as my theme for today – Anzac Day –<br />
a day for reflection. What I would like to do in my<br />
address is to briefly describe some of the issues that I,<br />
as a professional soldier of 35 years and a former<br />
<strong>Commando</strong>, think we as Australians should reflect on,<br />
on Anzac Day <strong>2018</strong>.<br />
Firstly it is important that we reflect on the original<br />
Anzacs, those men who 103 years ago this morning, as<br />
part of the 1st Anzac Corps made their gallant landing<br />
at Anzac Cove. Much has been written about the<br />
conduct of the campaign and the legends and myths<br />
that have arisen from it, but to me as a former soldier<br />
they set a standard for bravery, dedication and sacrifice<br />
for following generations of Australian service per son -<br />
nel to aspire to, and if possible emulate.<br />
On Anzac Day we should reflect on the fact that the<br />
landing at Gallipoli was the coming of age of a young<br />
country. In 1915 the young nation Australia was only 14<br />
years old as a federation and for the first time, rather<br />
than representing one of six separate colonies, an<br />
Australian force was formed and had gone to war,<br />
albeit supporting mother England. For a lot of these<br />
young Australians it certainly was also a coming of age<br />
as for most it was their first time overseas and they left<br />
Australia with a strong spirit of adventure and very little<br />
understanding of the challenges of fighting a war. Their<br />
learning curve was going to be very steep but they<br />
certainly did us proud.<br />
On Anzac Day we should also reflect that over our<br />
history our nation has been involved in many conflicts<br />
since that first landing at Gallipoli and in all of them<br />
Australian men and women have made the supreme<br />
sacrifice – in World Wars One and Two, the Korean<br />
War, the Malayan Emergency, confrontation with<br />
Indonesia, Vietnam, the war I served in, and then in so<br />
called peacekeeping operations in the Middle East, in<br />
Cambodia, Somalia, Rwanda, Bougainville, East Timor,<br />
the Solomon Islands and then conflict operations in<br />
Iraq and Afghanistan, the war that a lot of you served<br />
in. We must on Anzac Day remember that there are<br />
ADDRESS<br />
COMMANDO MEMORIAL SERVICE <strong>2018</strong><br />
some 102,000 Australians who as a result of war and<br />
conflict will never come home.<br />
As we are gathered here today at the <strong>Commando</strong><br />
Memorial it is important that we, who are part of<br />
Australia’s modern day <strong>Commando</strong>s, reflect on the<br />
original Australian <strong>Commando</strong>s, who during the<br />
Second World War bravely volunteered to be part of a<br />
new group of independent companies formed to con -<br />
duct special <strong>Commando</strong> type operations. For being<br />
part of a special group they were given a special unit<br />
badge, a double diamond that today forms the<br />
backing for our own unit insignia. As with all of our<br />
Second World War soldiers their ranks are thinning but<br />
we must remember how bravely our first <strong>Commando</strong>s<br />
fought, normally against considerably stronger forces,<br />
in PNG and its islands, on East Timor where they are<br />
still fondly remembered for their resistance to the<br />
Japanese occupying force, and on Borneo towards the<br />
end of that War. They obviously left a lasting impres -<br />
sion with the powers that be because, in 1955 some 10<br />
years after the end of World War 2 the Army was being<br />
reorganised and the Australian Government decided<br />
we needed some <strong>Commando</strong>s as part of the new order<br />
of battle. 1st and 2nd <strong>Commando</strong> Companies were<br />
formed and the <strong>Commando</strong> component of our Army<br />
has been steadily growing in numbers ever since.<br />
Those of us who are or have been members of<br />
Special Operations Command should reflect of the fact<br />
that 75 years ago this coming October, Australia<br />
launched its first offensive special operations raid,<br />
Operation Jaywick, when a group of specially selected<br />
and highly trained Defence Force members (not<br />
designated <strong>Commando</strong>s in those days) launched an<br />
attack on the Japanese shipping in Singapore Harbour.<br />
Travelling in the mother ship the Krait and then fol -<br />
boats, the kleppers predecessor, the team were able to<br />
sink 7 major Japanese ships using limpet mines. An<br />
amazing feat. Unfortunately the follow-on operation,<br />
Operation Rimau, was not so successful, but highly<br />
trained Special Forces had shown the Australian<br />
powers that be what they could achieve.<br />
On Anzac Day <strong>2018</strong> we must also reflect that even<br />
without a deployment to a war, our country has nearly<br />
1,700 of its Defence Force personnel from all three<br />
services deployed overseas helping to make our world<br />
and particularly our region a more secure place; in the<br />
Middle East, South Sudan, Egypt, Israel/Lebanon,<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 21
South West Pacific, South China Sea, Southern Indian<br />
Ocean, Iraq, Afghanistan, and on border protection.<br />
On this day we should remember the commitment that<br />
all these personnel are making to world peace, and<br />
pray for their safe return when their tours are com -<br />
pleted.<br />
For those of us who are, or like me, have been<br />
soldiers, we should reflect that 100 years ago next<br />
month Australia’s finest soldier, Lt Gen John Monash<br />
was given command of the Australian Corps, the first<br />
Australian to hold that appointment. From that position<br />
he was able to use his leadership qualities and superior<br />
planning ability to formulate plans for the Battles of<br />
Hamel in July 1918 and Amiens in August that year<br />
which had such an effect on the German Army that by<br />
November they had had enough and an armistice was<br />
signed ending the War. I believe that General Monash<br />
has not been given sufficient recognition by our<br />
country for all he achieved and I do believe that a post -<br />
humous promotion to Field Marshal, as has been<br />
recently proposed, could balance the books, at least a<br />
little.<br />
Ladies and gentlemen, what I have aimed to do this<br />
morning is to give you some food for thought on what<br />
we should all reflect on, on Anzac Day <strong>2018</strong>, principally,<br />
however, on our special day we must remember the<br />
102,000 australians who will never come home. We,<br />
the living, owe them a great debt and on Anzac Day we<br />
must keep them foremost in our thoughts.<br />
Lest we forget.<br />
Thank you for your attention.<br />
BRIG Philip McNamara CSC ESM OAM<br />
Hon Colonel 2nd <strong>Commando</strong> Regt<br />
EX COMMANDO SACRIFICES HIMSELF FOR YOUNG PARACHUTIST<br />
A Miranda skydiving instructor, who wrapped<br />
himself around a boy to shield him from the full impact<br />
as they plunged to the ground during a freak accident<br />
has been honoured for his bravery.<br />
Antonio (Tony) Rokov 44, a former member of the<br />
2nd <strong>Commando</strong> Regiment at Holsworthy, died in the<br />
tandem diving accident in November 2015, but 14-<br />
year-old Elijah Arranz survived.<br />
Elijah with severe traumatic brain injury but, with<br />
tremendous determination, has learnt to walk and eat<br />
again, is in year 11 at a Canberra college and his goal<br />
is to run the Boston Marathon one day. Mr. Rokov was<br />
posthumously awarded the Star of Courage, the<br />
second highest level of the Australian Bravery Awards,<br />
announced recently.<br />
Governor-General Sir Peter Cosgrove approved the<br />
decorations.<br />
"On 21 November 2015, the late Mr. Antonio<br />
Rokov shielded a young person during a skydiving<br />
accident near Goulburn in NSW", the award citation<br />
said.<br />
"Mr. Rokov, an experienced skydiving instructor, has<br />
meticulously prepared his equipment prior to<br />
undertaking a tandem skydive near Goulburn Airport.<br />
The weather was calm with wind speeds of<br />
approximately 11 km/h coming from the South.<br />
"Mr. Rokov then briefed a 14-year-old boy who<br />
would be undertaking the tandem skydive with him<br />
and provided reassurance to the boy's anxious family in<br />
the process.<br />
"After a normal takeoff and jump from the plane,<br />
the pair descended.<br />
"When they were approximately 20 meters from the<br />
ground, a freak gust of wind caused their parachute to<br />
collapse and violently fold in half.<br />
Pic courtesy ABC <strong>News</strong><br />
"Mr. Rokov and the boy quickly began to plummet<br />
during which time the boy was flipped horizontally.<br />
"As they approached the ground, Mr. Rokov twisted<br />
his body under the boy and took the full force of the<br />
impact.<br />
"First Aid was administered straight away to both<br />
Mr. Rokov and the boy until emergency services arrived<br />
on the scene."<br />
"Sadly, Mr. Rokov died as a result of his injuries he<br />
sustained. The boy, though, survived the fall."<br />
"By his actions, Mr. Rokov displayed conspicuous<br />
courage."<br />
Mr. Rokov's widow Samantha Rokov told ABC <strong>News</strong><br />
"we would rather have our husband, father, son back,<br />
but to be remembered, that means a lot to us".<br />
"Every single day we're proud of him, that will never<br />
fade."<br />
The couple met when they were teenagers and<br />
have 3 children.<br />
Article courtesy St. George and Sutherland Shire<br />
Leader and Murray Trembath.<br />
22 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
<strong>Commando</strong>s who turned up for the last Reserve Forces Day Parade<br />
Celebrating its 40 th year, Disabled<br />
Wintersport Australia (DWA) is thrilled and<br />
very proud to announce Joany Badenhorst as<br />
its National Ambassador!!<br />
Long time DWA member and volunteer,<br />
Joany is Co-Captain of the <strong>2018</strong> Australian<br />
Winter Paralympic Team.<br />
Currently ranked number one in the<br />
World in Boarder-cross LL-2 Joany was<br />
Australia’s only female Snowboarder at the<br />
<strong>2018</strong> Winter Paralympics!<br />
On accepting her appointment from<br />
DWA President Paul Lamb, Joany said:<br />
“DWA has been a massive part of my<br />
snowboard journey and I’m so supportive of<br />
what they do. It’s a goal of mine to become<br />
more involved as a volunteer and on snow.”<br />
Australian Paralympic Chef de Mission<br />
Nick Dean said: “Joany is a wonderful role<br />
model for young women everywhere and a<br />
fine example of what commitment and<br />
determination can achieve. I congratulate<br />
DWA on 40 years promoting the advance -<br />
ment of participation by people with a<br />
disability in wintersport both in Australia and<br />
overseas.”<br />
DWA and members wish Joany every<br />
success and luck at <strong>2018</strong> Peongchang Winter<br />
Paralympics which begins on March 9th.<br />
Rick Coate<br />
CEO<br />
Disabled Wintersport Australia<br />
Established in 1978 as the Australian<br />
Disabled Skiers Federation, we are now<br />
known as Disabled Wintersport Australia<br />
(DWA). The organisation assists thousands of<br />
individuals with disabilities to participate in<br />
winter sports annually. From its programs<br />
some of the world’s finest alpine skiers have<br />
emerged recording victories at the highest<br />
level of international com pe tition. The<br />
organisation's members range from<br />
recreational skiers to Australia’s Winter<br />
Paralympians.<br />
Mission “To promote and foster the<br />
advancement of participation by people with<br />
a disability in wintersport both in Australia<br />
and overseas.”<br />
Vision “The equality of opportunity for<br />
people with disabilities to participate at all<br />
levels in the winter sport of their choice.”<br />
For more information on Joany please see:<br />
https://www.joanybadenhorst.com/<br />
DWA Promotional Film; Finding Freedom on<br />
the Snow<br />
Linkhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_<br />
RAtuFI59sM<br />
All Media and Corporate Enquiries to CEO<br />
Rick Coate<br />
rcoate@disabledwintersport.com.au<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 23
24 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
THE HAPPY WANDERER<br />
“I love the smell of (burning) Juniper in the morning”<br />
By Jim Truscott<br />
I love to go a-wandering, along the mountain track, and as I go, I love to sing, my knapsack on my<br />
back. Val-deri, Val-dera, Val-deri, Val-dera-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha. Val-deri, Val-dera. My knapsack on my back.<br />
A climber’s lament sung to the tune of I want to be a Khumbu Ranger and live a life of mountain danger!<br />
Huddled together in the pre-dawn with two Sherpas at 6,200 metres and braced against 45 knot winds, David<br />
and I made the decision to turn back at the traverse below the summit. For years I had wanted to do something<br />
dangerous in the mountains with my son. The Sherpas advised that it would be another three hours to reach the<br />
summit, and in the journey from mediocrity to self-fulfilment we had achieved enough pain and frissons of<br />
excitement even if Buddha has set enlightenment at the highest level. We were both suffering from heaving chest<br />
syndrome to the cadence of ‘I must, I must, increase my bust’ and two days later we both still experienced over<br />
exertion of our diaphragm muscles.<br />
It would have been good to have had another day<br />
to go for the summit again but our tight trekking<br />
program did not allow this time. It is all about karma<br />
and maybe Buddha has something else in mind for us.<br />
Were we unlucky? Probably yes as from a climbing<br />
perspective it would have been better if we had<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 25
allowed two days at our High Camp but such is the<br />
challenge of combining climbing and trekking into a<br />
tight schedule. In hindsight and given the snow con -<br />
ditions we probably could have started in daylight after<br />
the wind had dropped. Maybe we should have<br />
checked the weather forecast ourselves.<br />
The WA Family expedition at our High Camp at<br />
5800 metres with jet stream wind blowing off the<br />
summits of Everest and Lhotse (4 th highest).<br />
Makalu (5 th highest) and Cho Oyu (6 th highest) also in view.<br />
It all began a year before when Lisa (D3) asked me<br />
to go to the Himalayas. So one in, all in, and the once<br />
in a lifetime family expedition began to take shape.<br />
Months of physical preparation commenced, although<br />
our local Reabold Hill fell well short of what was to<br />
come. With only one month to go I experienced an ’ah<br />
fuck moment’ at a body pump session in the gym when<br />
I re-ripped my hiatus hernia and my nagging jumpers<br />
left knee was not getting any better. My kingdom for<br />
some pain free knees! Woe was me, so I stocked up on<br />
pain killers for an SAS candy fuelled ascent if necessary,<br />
but it was not to be. Success in the Himalayas is hard<br />
won. My first Himalayan expedition 37 years ago to<br />
Ganesh IV in Nepal had ended in tragedy when our<br />
high camp including me was swept away by an ava -<br />
lanche and I did not summit. On my second Himalayan<br />
expedition to Broad Peak in Pakistan, 33 years ago, I<br />
turned back just short of 8,000 metres due to intense<br />
cold and I did not summit. On my third Himalayan<br />
expedition 31 years ago to Everest I reached the South<br />
Col at 8,000 metres but a subsequent window of<br />
opportunity was negated by jet stream winds. From our<br />
high point on Mera Peak we could see the summit of<br />
Everest and the same strong jet stream winds blowing<br />
into China. On my fourth Himalayan expedition 25<br />
years ago I was lucky to claim the first Australian ascent<br />
of Nanda Devi East in India.<br />
I had not heard of Mera Peak before but its<br />
excellent views of six of the fourteen 8,000 metre<br />
mountains and straight forward climbing made it an<br />
obvious choice. My four children are not diehard<br />
climbers like myself and the instructions from my wife<br />
Colette were “not to kill the children.” Walking the<br />
Kokoda Track the year before was tough but there<br />
needed to be some perception of danger as well. We<br />
needed a tiger for breakfast. It had been 30 years since<br />
I had been to the Himalayas and boy was I out of date<br />
with the abundance of lodges on the walk in. There is<br />
no requirement for Tilman ‘memorable bathes’ any -<br />
more as most lodges have hot showers! Tillman and<br />
Shipton would both roll in their graves as the Internet<br />
of Everything has replaced planning on the back of a<br />
postcard. Indeed Tilman’s programmed no-speaking<br />
days on expeditions have been replaced by social<br />
media surfing at lodges. There are now a plethora of<br />
people climbing and trekking in the Himalayas with 28<br />
lodges and 500 guest beds in Lukla alone! We were<br />
told that there is a veritable Conga line (highway of<br />
zonkey, donkey, cow, yak and human shit) on the track<br />
between Lukla and Everest base camp. There is a<br />
commercial proposition to limit the number of visitors<br />
in each valley and for the government to set higher<br />
rates by a multitude of trekking companies.<br />
After the mandatory steaks at Yak-Donalds and a<br />
visit to funeral pyres and temples in Kathmandu, we<br />
flew to Lukla, the mountain airstrip and entry point to<br />
Sherpa country. We were reminded that it was nak<br />
butter and not yak butter! The walk in to Mera Peak<br />
makes the trek to Everest base camp and parts of the<br />
Baltoro Glacier in Pakistan look like a doddle. We<br />
celebrated a Puja (religious ceremony) with a Lama in a<br />
rock cave on the way in to bless the journey and paid<br />
his fees for enlightenment. At least he has not been<br />
replaced by social media. Climate change has had its<br />
impact over the last 30 years that our Sirdar has been<br />
working in the Inkhu Khola Valley and there are massive<br />
ice-free, rock walls awaiting rock climbers and probably<br />
lots of bolts.<br />
In the end all of our faces were hurting from the<br />
wind and our various bodies were suffering from snoticles,<br />
farting and the risk of follow through, vomiting,<br />
blood in snot, rapid onset of headaches, tight chests,<br />
vertigo, exertion, cracked lips, restless sleep, weird<br />
dreams etc etc. These signs and symptoms were<br />
diffused and offset by vista, vista and more vista, Dal<br />
Bhat, bamboo forests, cheery Sherpani’s (good karma),<br />
Sherpa tea, Sherpa stew, masala tea, bonhomie,<br />
noodles with egg, the crunch-crunch of crampons, the<br />
poke-poke of climbing sticks, Tibetan bread, wifi<br />
equipped mountain huts (called lodges), and by<br />
meeting half of Europe on the track etc etc.<br />
We were ably supported by Cho La Adventures. My<br />
lasting image is of the Cho La cook from High Camp<br />
running down a snow slope with a thermos of hot tea<br />
for us plodders! It is not in our Australian culture for<br />
people to eat separately but we came to accept their<br />
ways. Mingmar our Sirdar was physically strong and he<br />
and his son Phuri had much good humour to put up<br />
with us. They would say “good work”, “enjoy”, “ready<br />
now”, “almost there“, “maybe/maybe not”, “20<br />
minutes”, “close now, “why not” “Nepali flat”, don’t<br />
worry; chicken curry” and “Dal Bhat power, trek for 24<br />
26 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
hours.” The owner, Nima Lama is a Nepali businessman<br />
with noble ideas to improve the lot of porters to<br />
become trek assistants or better. His ‘people-watching’<br />
skills enabled him to adroitly identify the personalities<br />
of my four children. All progeny have explored a little<br />
more about their mind and body. David is a better<br />
father than I, and he was good to his sisters. Jessica<br />
(D1) showed strong minded Irish tendencies. Sarah<br />
(D2) is cautious like her mother and she had to confront<br />
her flying demons. Lisa (D3) is a mountain goat and<br />
Heath increased his confidence. Mountaineering is<br />
90% mental and the other half is physical. Hence<br />
mission (very much) accomplished.<br />
The walkout over a high-pass directly back to Lukla<br />
and requiring instep crampons was challenging to say<br />
the least but the wait at Lukla airport for a scheduled<br />
flight out was a drag until a helicopter became neces -<br />
sary to fly back to Kathmandu in order to catch our<br />
international flight. Sitting beside the Lukla airstrip was<br />
akin to all those wasted years of parachuting at drop<br />
zones or biding your time in War Zone D. Listening to<br />
Lukla airport was like being on the USS Carl Vinson in<br />
the Gulf but with Nepali navy pilots. The airport was<br />
crazier than Mumbai; wonderfully chaotic as three<br />
planes must fly together in two 3-plane sorties for air<br />
separation safety in the mountain clouds. By chance I<br />
spoke briefly with the legendary Reinhold Messner in<br />
the lounge at Katmandu airport. He was the first man<br />
to climb Everest without oxygen in 1978 and it was a<br />
fitting, rohmro (great) and symbolic end to our trip. I<br />
must get on with my plan to climb a mountain every<br />
year until the day I die; live, climb, repeat. Om mani<br />
padme hum.<br />
Four Rules for Khumbu Rangers<br />
• Don’t get sick<br />
• Climb to climb again another day<br />
• Climb with Social Media (suck it up Tilman)<br />
• Additional maxim. If you are cold put a hat on.<br />
Jim Truscott is a climber who pretended to be in the<br />
army for 26 years. He has gone on multiple expeditions<br />
in the jungles, seas, oceans and mountains of the<br />
world. You could hear the sighs of relief in Canberra<br />
Headquarters when he left the green machine. David,<br />
Jessica, Sarah and Lisa Truscott were all army brats and<br />
they used to run amok at Fort Gellibrand and in Camp -<br />
bell Barracks. David Truscott is now a part time Q’y in<br />
6 Squadron.<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 27
28 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
Chief of Army bans soldiers from wearing<br />
'arrogant' death symbols<br />
Australia's Chief of Army, Lieutenant General<br />
Angus Campbell, has issued a directive that prohibits<br />
the wearing of 'death' symbols. Lieutenant General<br />
Campbell said the practice was arrogant, illconsidered<br />
and that it eroded the ethos of the Army.<br />
The directive was circulated as an internal minute on<br />
April 17, and later posted to unofficial social media<br />
pages for commentary.<br />
Several symbols were specifically prohibited<br />
because of their violent, murderous and vigilante<br />
symbolism including the Grim Reaper, the Skull and<br />
Crossbones, Spartans, and the Phantom or Punisher.<br />
Lieutenant General Campbell, who this week was<br />
named as the next Chief of the Defence, stated in his<br />
order that he had come across the symbols worn as<br />
patches or badges while visiting army units in<br />
Australia and overseas. He reiterated that such<br />
symbols were at odds with Army values while<br />
acknowledging this was not the intention of those<br />
who wore them.<br />
"Such symbology is never presented as illintentioned<br />
and plays too much of modern popular<br />
culture," Lieutenant General Campbell said. "But it is<br />
always ill-considered and implicitly encourages the<br />
inculcation of an arrogant hubris and general<br />
disregard for the most serious responsibility of our<br />
profession; the legitimate and discriminate take of life.<br />
"As soldiers our purpose is to serve the state,<br />
employing violence with humility always and<br />
compassion wherever possible. This symbology to<br />
which I refer erodes this ethos of service."<br />
ABC North Qld<br />
By David Chen<br />
A member of Iraq's elite Special Forces wears a skull mask<br />
in the fight against the Islamic State in 2016.<br />
(AP: Khalid Mohammed ~ Courtesy ABC North Qld)<br />
In the directive, Army officers were ordered to take<br />
immediate action to remove any formal or informal<br />
symbols from within their command. Lieutenant<br />
General Campbell acknowledged the decision would<br />
upset a minority of soldiers.<br />
"I appreciate that without explanation some will<br />
rile at this direction, so please ensure my reasoning is<br />
explained but be clear that I am adamant that this is<br />
right for the Army." "I wish to reiterate that the use of<br />
symbology/iconography is uncommon within Army.<br />
The overwhelming majority of force elements are very<br />
much on the right path," he said.<br />
When approached by the ABC the Department of<br />
Defence issued the fol -<br />
lowing short statement: The<br />
Chief of Army issued an<br />
internal minute to all<br />
Commanders on 17 April,<br />
<strong>2018</strong> to reinforce that all<br />
symbols, emblems and<br />
iconography used across the<br />
organisation must align with<br />
the Army values of courage,<br />
initiative, respect and team -<br />
work. Death symbol ogy<br />
demonstrates a general dis -<br />
regard for the most serious<br />
responsibility of the Army's<br />
profession; the legitimate<br />
and discriminate taking of<br />
life.<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 29
Michael Parker Foundation<br />
Kshamawati Hostel Project, Nepal<br />
In late 2017 my partner Drew Gordon and I under -<br />
took a very special journey to a remote area of Nepal<br />
to experience an extraordinary welcome and celeb -<br />
ration.<br />
In 2009 the beloved eldest son of Bruce & Gail<br />
Parker and brother to Amy & Dan passed away un -<br />
expectedly in Kathmandu after having just summited<br />
Makalu. At 8500m, Makalu is considered far more<br />
difficult than Everest, a mountain Mick was determined<br />
to conquer after a previous disaster a few years prior.<br />
Michael was a climber and adventurer who managed to<br />
summit five of the Himalayas’ 8,000m peaks and<br />
attempt eight others, including Everest from the north.<br />
This was even more remarkable given that he climbed<br />
without oxygen.<br />
Drew and I knew Michael personally with fond<br />
memories as a trek companion on the Kokoda Track as<br />
well as a periodic running companion around the hills<br />
of Warrandyte. Mick was a little quirky and always did<br />
things in his own quiet way.<br />
Before Mick passed away he had indicated that he<br />
would like to give back to the people of Nepal with<br />
whom he had such a bond. He dreamed about<br />
supporting schoolchildren whose remoteness and<br />
family circumstances prevented them from gaining an<br />
education.<br />
And so the Michael Parker Foundation (MPF) was<br />
formed by his mother and father – Gail & Bruce as well<br />
as his younger siblings Dan & Amy to honour the life of<br />
Mick and to provide disadvantaged Nepalese children<br />
with educational opportunities.<br />
In 2015 with the generous assistance of World<br />
Expeditions Foundation (WEF), a landmark project was<br />
proposed.<br />
The Kshamawati Higher Secondary School is<br />
located some 150km north east of Kathmandu in the<br />
beautiful Kalinchok hills. It has about 420 students and<br />
was founded in 1947. The local Kshamawati village<br />
consists of 85% Thamis people<br />
who are a highly marginalised<br />
ethnic group. With 90% of this<br />
com munity living below the<br />
poverty line and 78% of the people illiterate it seemed<br />
that a residential hostel attached to the school would<br />
be ideal to assist needy students to concentrate on<br />
their education with the attention and guidance of<br />
teachers.<br />
The proposed hostel was to be a 2-storey stone<br />
building with a girls’ wing on one side, a boys’ wing on<br />
the other and a service and study area in the middle.<br />
Each wing would have 10 dormitories over 2 floors and<br />
would accommodate up to 240 students. The service<br />
section in the middle will have a kitchen and dining<br />
hall. The building would have biomass toilets and solar<br />
water heaters. The building would be built locally using<br />
brick, stone, mud mortar and local timber with earth -<br />
quake resistant technology.<br />
In 2015, Rob Prior, one of the six Trustees of the<br />
MPF, travelled to Nepal to assist in the initial building<br />
of the hostel. Shortly after his visit, Nepal experienced<br />
an earthquake which was particularly devastating to the<br />
people of the area in which the hostel is being built.<br />
Although the hostel foundations were not badly<br />
affected, the school and neighbouring village was<br />
impacted upon. As the hostel is being built by local<br />
craftsmen, the earthquake had a major impact on the<br />
progress of the building.<br />
Some two-and-a-half years after the earthquake,<br />
Drew and I were given the opportunity to represent the<br />
MPF and to visit the Michael Parker Hostel.<br />
The hostel building is being coordinated and<br />
supervised by a very impressive alumni group con -<br />
sisting of an architect, past students and principals as<br />
well as leading Nepalese business people with diverse<br />
international experience and education.<br />
After travelling 150km for 8 hours in a 4-wheel drive<br />
Students assembled for the opening of the<br />
Michael Parker Hostel<br />
Girls’ Hostel building in progress<br />
30 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
on very challenging roads from Kathmandu, then a 1km<br />
walk to the Kshamawati Hostel, we understood the<br />
remoteness of the hostel. We also understood how<br />
difficult it could be for children to get to school<br />
regularly.<br />
On our arrival at the school we were totally over -<br />
whelmed by the greeting offered by students, the<br />
Alumni and officials. We were given a very ceremo -<br />
nious welcome with speeches, dancing and the official<br />
cutting of the opening ribbon.<br />
We were given a guided tour of the hostel and were<br />
very pleased to see the ongoing progress. Bunkrooms<br />
were completed and were about to be furnished with<br />
beds and lockers with a goal to have initial female<br />
students accommodated early in <strong>2018</strong>.<br />
Since our visit, the Chairman of the Kshamawati<br />
Michael Parker Foundation Alumni has informed us<br />
that the hostel is now housing 33 female students on a<br />
trial basis for 3 months. This will give the girls the<br />
opportunity to concentrate on their studies for their<br />
upcoming exams. A teacher has been assigned as a<br />
Warden and an all-important experienced cook has<br />
been engaged to look after the girls.<br />
Work is progressing on the boys’ wing and they will<br />
be occupying their accommodation in the near future.<br />
We were very excited to be present for the opening<br />
of this important project and know that Michael in his<br />
own quiet way would have been thrilled that his legacy<br />
lives on.<br />
For information on how to donate to the MPF or to<br />
purchase a copy of Spirit High - the Michael Parker<br />
Story, go to www.michaelparkerfoundation.org.au<br />
Official opening and dedication to Michael Parker<br />
The first group of students to be accommodated in the<br />
Hostel<br />
ODE TO THE FIRST JUMP<br />
An oldie but a goodie from PTS Nowra when I did my course.<br />
"Check equipment" the dispatcher cries<br />
And the Lord's prayer is lost in "Centre pack ties"<br />
The static line is held is held in one clammy hand<br />
And your gear is held on by one "lackey band"<br />
Your mouth is dry and you need to throw up<br />
But your helmets on and your mouth is clamped<br />
shut.<br />
"Actions Stations" the cry is clear<br />
But right - left - right won't hide your fear.<br />
Oh God be a pal<br />
And save me from a total "mal"<br />
But before there is time to ponder<br />
The orders there, "stand in the door!"<br />
From all sides there comes advice<br />
"feet together or pay the price"<br />
The green light is on, the word is GO!<br />
Hand quits static line and "oh no no no"<br />
You're falling now and you start to scream<br />
As you're whirled around in the old slip stream.<br />
With your eyes tight shut and head down and pray<br />
And a voice that's yours squeaks "Canopy OK"<br />
But the rigging lines, oh God what to do?<br />
Is it the kicking method or stirring for you?<br />
You've forgotten observation so steering next<br />
So it's three big pulls and time for a rest<br />
No fool you must pull down<br />
It's only 50 feet from you to the ground<br />
Front side or back, it depends on the sway<br />
Knees and feet together, elbows in is the way<br />
The ground rushes, it's a sicken sight<br />
You decide to do a back left and do a side right<br />
You lie there and think you are dead<br />
When a voice hollers out "what's your name<br />
dickhead".<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 31
Leaving the ADF<br />
At some point in their career, all ADF members will<br />
leave the military and transition to civilian life. It’s a<br />
significant decision that can involve your family.<br />
Planning early will make sure you’re informed and<br />
ready to enter the next phase of your life.<br />
You must complete your transition with ADF<br />
Transition Support Services so you understand the<br />
process, your administrative requirements, and the<br />
support available to you. We encouage you to involve<br />
your family throughout your transition experience.<br />
Transition support network<br />
Transitioning to civilian life is a shared responsibility.<br />
When you decide to leave the ADF you should engage<br />
with your family, your Unit, and ADF Transition Support<br />
Services.<br />
Your Unit can speak to you about the transition<br />
process and connect you with your local ADF Transition<br />
Centre. Your Centre will introduce you to a Transition<br />
Support Officer who will help you and your family<br />
through the transition process and:<br />
• provide you with an individual transition plan<br />
• offer career coaching during your transition and<br />
up to 12 months afterwards<br />
• help you meet your administrative requirements<br />
• help you leave with all documentation like<br />
service, medical, and training records<br />
• facilitate connections to Defence and govern -<br />
ment support services<br />
nationally throughout the year. You’ll receive<br />
information from Defence and other organisaitons on<br />
topics like finance and superannuation, health,<br />
relocating, employment, and ex-service organisation<br />
support.<br />
ADF Member and Family Transition Guide<br />
The ADF Member and Family Transition Guide – A<br />
Practical Manual to Transitioning contains detailed<br />
information on the transition process for ADF<br />
members. The Guidce includes information on support<br />
services and administrative reuqirement. It includes<br />
checklists to help you navigate transition process.<br />
ADF Transition Seminar<br />
You and your family can attend an ADF Transition<br />
Serminar at any time during your ADF career to help<br />
you prepare for your transition. Seminars are held<br />
32 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 33
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34 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
BOOK REVIEW<br />
Leadership Secrets of the<br />
Australian Army<br />
Brigadier Nicholas Jans (Retired) OAM<br />
Allen & Unwin, Crows Nest, <strong>2018</strong><br />
Reviewed by Jim Truscott<br />
I was drawn by the catchy title as I have spent<br />
eighteen years as a consultant providing leadership<br />
mentoring and management advice to multinational<br />
and national corporations in 41 countries, preceded<br />
by twenty-six years as a strategic group manager and<br />
leader of operational teams in high-risk international<br />
engagements. Having held six command appoint -<br />
ments in operational Army units I was to find that the<br />
title is a misnomer as there is really nothing secretive<br />
about leadership in the military or business.<br />
Written in a similar vein to Donald Krause’s Sun Tzu<br />
The Art of War for Executives (1996) and as well as<br />
Stanley Bing’s Sun Tzu Was a Sissy, The Real Art of<br />
War (2006) it caused me to reflect on my own<br />
leadership and management experiences in business<br />
and in the military. The book is as much about<br />
followership as it is leadership and the text reminded<br />
me very much of my own leadership training at<br />
Duntroon in the mid-1970s by bemedalled instructors.<br />
Nick Jans coins the Captain-Coach model which is<br />
authoritative, but affiliative and egalitarian as the basis<br />
of the Army’s success with leadership as the catalyst.<br />
He author further uses the Mission-Team-Me construct<br />
to describe an underpinning ethos in the military<br />
similar to the perhaps more simplistic ‘individual<br />
needs, groups needs and goal’ model inculcated in<br />
my cohort in the mid-1970s. Did these new words just<br />
repeat the older ethos in another way? There was<br />
really nothing new (to me) but the thesis is presented<br />
in a much more practical way as it is full of con -<br />
tempora neous gems much better than a bland<br />
leadership pamphlet.<br />
The basis of the ‘secrets’ is the central theme and<br />
separate chapters on each of the 3-Rs of representing,<br />
relating and running the team and their apparent<br />
liking to success in business through many examples<br />
of people who have worked in both spheres.<br />
Representing is just leading by example, doing the<br />
right thing, giving direction and meaning, and<br />
manage ment by walking around. Relating is<br />
supportive people management, knowing your<br />
troops, subor dinates to you but no less important,<br />
coaching and counselling, being firm and fair but not<br />
friendly. Running the team is to be good at the basics,<br />
delegation and sensible autonomy, mission command<br />
and post mortems. Essentially ethos, professional<br />
practice and teamwork underpin the described<br />
leader ship code of practice.<br />
I was challenged by the author’s statement that not<br />
everything that the military does has a civilian parallel<br />
but that there are more similarities than realized. The<br />
reality is that it is easier to motivate and organize in<br />
the military than it is in business as there is a basis of<br />
trust in the military. In business, trust only exists within<br />
the confines of a contract and even then it is a<br />
completely different battlefield as loyalty does not<br />
exist in business other than to one’s self. Leadership is<br />
only a necessity in business in crisis situations where<br />
there is uncertainty and risk (of failure) in abundance<br />
otherwise leadership in normal business is more akin<br />
to guerrilla warfare where there are constantly shifting<br />
allegiances. Furthermore business is a war where you<br />
sleep with the enemy every day. The (business) war<br />
goes on and on and on and there is nothing you can<br />
do to stop it except fight in it until either you or it is<br />
done. Business is not like war in this one critical<br />
aspect. Unlike military operations there is no end to<br />
business. People die, only to pop up again in another<br />
location. You win on Friday and then you loose on<br />
Monday.<br />
All of that said it is an easy to read leadership<br />
descanter for anyone seeking to take charge be they<br />
a digger spokesperson or a doyen in business.<br />
Leaders and followers will find this book equally of<br />
value as the author rightly says, the more you know<br />
about it, the better you will go.<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 35
Recognising and acting to repair traumatic stress injury<br />
By Prof Zachary Steel, St John of God Professorial Chair<br />
for Trauma and Mental Health<br />
Human beings are equipped with innate response<br />
systems optimised to support and maximise the capacity of<br />
individuals to respond effectively when faced with extreme<br />
threat, danger and moral burden. The work of special forces<br />
service members will result in these processes being placed<br />
under enormous challenge and stress at times. It appears to<br />
be a normal human response following exposure to an<br />
especially traumatic or troubling incident that an individual<br />
will experience heighted emotional reactivity and a range of<br />
intrusive reminders of the incident. These processes may well<br />
be critical in assisting humans to down-regulate the stress<br />
response system and allow a return to functioning after such<br />
a critical incident. Training, institutional support and event<br />
preparation can support the capacity of individuals to endure<br />
such incidents and to operate effectively under high stress<br />
and threat environments.<br />
It is when these such post-incident reactions endure and<br />
fail to settle or subside over a reasonable amount of time<br />
leading to reduced functioning that a traumatic stress injury<br />
may have occurred. Loss of functioning associated with a<br />
traumatic stress injury may be most apparent in life outside of<br />
the service environment where the stress-response reactions<br />
are more clearly incosistent with everyday life activities. While<br />
such injuries may recover without specialist treatment,<br />
evidence suggests that a substantial proportion of such<br />
injuries will endure for prolonged periods of time depleting<br />
an individual’s resources and capacities leading to disability.<br />
Research suggests 3 important facts about such con -<br />
ditions:<br />
(1) there is no absolute immunity from acquiring a traumatic<br />
stress injury including amongst highly trained, capable<br />
individuals;<br />
(2) the risk of acquiring such an injury increases with the<br />
number of exposures, severity and intensity of traumatic<br />
incidents;<br />
(3) there are treatments that have demonstrated a capacity<br />
to reduce the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder<br />
and restore functional capacity.<br />
If you, or those close to you, believe you have sustained<br />
a traumatic stress injury that is not resolving as you would<br />
like, it may be time to reach out for assessment and treat -<br />
ment.<br />
There are a number specialist hospitals and clinics in<br />
Australia that specialize in working with currently and exserving<br />
defence personal who have experienced traumatic<br />
stress injuries (see list of services at http://phoenix -<br />
australia.org/recovery/veterans-ptsd-programs/). St John of<br />
God Richmond Hospital has been a leading treatment facility<br />
for service-related PTSD for more than 20 years. We can help<br />
link you to doctors and clinicians able to work with you to<br />
understand the nature of your injury and to work with you to<br />
develop a treatment and recovery plan.<br />
36 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
LITTLE KNOWN FACTS ABOUT THE WALL<br />
A little history most people will never know.<br />
Interesting Veterans Statistics off the Vietnam<br />
Memorial Wall in the US.<br />
There are 58,267 names now listed on that<br />
polished black wall, including those added in 2010.<br />
The names are arranged in the order in which they<br />
were taken from us by date and within each date the<br />
names are alphabetised. It is hard to believe it is 61<br />
years since the first casualty.<br />
• The first known casualty was Richard B. Fitzgibbon,<br />
of North Weymouth, Mass. Listed by the U.S.<br />
Depart ment of Defense as having been killed on<br />
June 8, 1956. His name is listed on the Wall with that<br />
of his son, Marine Corps LCpl Richard B. Fitzgibbon<br />
III, who was killed on Sept. 7, 1965.<br />
• There are three sets of fathers and sons on the Wall.<br />
• 39,996 on the Wall were just 22 or younger.<br />
• 8,283 were just 19 years old.<br />
• The largest age group, 33,103 were 18 years old.<br />
• 12 soldiers on the Wall were 17 years old.<br />
• 5 soldiers on the Wall were 16 years old.<br />
• One soldier, PFC Dan Bullock was 15 years old.<br />
• 997 soldiers were killed on their first day in Vietnam.<br />
• 1,448 soldiers were killed on their last day in<br />
Vietnam.<br />
• 31 sets of brothers are on the Wall.<br />
• Thirty one sets of parents lost two of their sons.<br />
• 54 soldiers attended Thomas Edison High School in<br />
Philadelphia. I wonder why so many from one school<br />
• 8 Women are on the Wall, Nursing the wounded.<br />
• 244 soldiers were awarded the Medal of Honor<br />
during the Vietnam War; 153 of them are on the Wall<br />
Beallsville, Ohio with a population of 475 lost 6 of<br />
her sons.<br />
• West Virginia had the highest casualty rate per<br />
capita in the nation.<br />
• There are 711 West Virginians on the Wall.<br />
• The Marines of Morenci - They led some of the<br />
scrappiest high school football and basketball teams<br />
that the little Arizona copper town of Morenci (pop<br />
5,058) had ever known and cheered. They enjoyed<br />
roaring beer busts. In quieter moments, they rode<br />
horses along the Coronado Trail, stalked deer in the<br />
Apache National Forest. And in the patriotic<br />
camaraderie typical of Morenci's mining families, the<br />
nine graduates of Morenci High enlisted as a group<br />
in the Marine Corps. Their service began on<br />
Independence Day, 1966. Only 3 returned home.<br />
• The Buddies of Midvale - LeRoy Tafoya, Jimmy<br />
Martinez, Tom Gonzales were all boyhood friends<br />
and lived on three consecutive streets in Midvale,<br />
Utah on Fifth, Sixth and Seventh avenues. They lived<br />
only a few yards apart. They played ball at the<br />
adjacent sandlot ball field. And they all went to<br />
Vietnam. In a span of 16 dark days in late 1967, all<br />
three would be killed. LeRoy was killed on<br />
Wednesday, Nov. 22, the fourth anniversary of John<br />
F. Kennedy's assassination. Jimmy died less than 24<br />
hours later on Thanksgiving Day. Tom was shot dead<br />
assaulting the enemy on Dec. 7, Pearl Harbor<br />
Remembrance Day.<br />
• The most casualty deaths for a single day was on<br />
January 31, 1968 ~ 245 deaths.<br />
• The most casualty deaths for a single month was<br />
May 1968 - 2,415 casualties were incurred.<br />
For most Americans who read this they will only see<br />
the numbers that the Vietnam War created. To those of<br />
us who survived the war, and to the families of those<br />
who did not, we see the faces, we feel the pain that<br />
these numbers created. We are, until we too pass<br />
away, haunted with these numbers, because they were<br />
our friends, fathers, husbands, wives, sons and<br />
daughters.There are no noble wars, just noble<br />
warriors.<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 37
Australian Defence Force Academy<br />
Sports and Voluntary Extra Curricular Clubs<br />
ADFA offers a range of sporting and voluntary extra-curricular clubs (VECCS) for cadets, encouraging them<br />
to compete against and become involved with local and interstate organisations.<br />
Sporting Clubs and VECCs currently offered at ADFA include:<br />
• Adventure Training<br />
• Academy Bands<br />
• Academy Board Riders<br />
• Anglers<br />
• Aviation Interest<br />
• Australian Football League<br />
• Basketball<br />
• Catholics and Friends<br />
• Cricket<br />
• Crossfit<br />
• Community Service VECC<br />
• Cyber Security<br />
• Cycling<br />
• Debating<br />
• DJ VECC<br />
• Fencing<br />
• Flying Disc Association<br />
• FOCUS<br />
• Hockey<br />
• LGBTI<br />
• Marathon and Distance<br />
Running Club<br />
• Maritime Interest<br />
• Military History<br />
• Military Shooting VECC<br />
• Military Skills<br />
• Motorcycle VECC<br />
• Navigators<br />
• Netball<br />
• Performing Arts<br />
• Photography<br />
• Precision Drill Team<br />
• Rowing<br />
• Rugby<br />
• Rugby League<br />
• SAE<br />
• Sailing<br />
• Small Balls Interest Group<br />
• Soccer<br />
• Squash<br />
• Strength & Conditioning<br />
• Swimming<br />
• Tae Kwon Do<br />
• Tennnis<br />
• Touch Football<br />
• Triathlon<br />
• Unmanned Aerial Vehicles<br />
• Volleyball<br />
• Water Polo<br />
• 4x4 VECC<br />
For more information go to<br />
www.defence.gov.au/ADFA/ CadetLife/Sport.asp<br />
38 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
The Positive Relationship between<br />
Physical Activity and PTSD<br />
Exercise has a positive clinical<br />
effect on depressive symptoms and<br />
may be as effective as psychological<br />
or pharmaceutical therapies for some<br />
individuals with PTSD. Rosebaum et<br />
al, 2014 suggests Physical<br />
activity/exercise is a highly effective<br />
method in reducing symptoms of<br />
depression and for people<br />
experiencing other mental health<br />
disorders.<br />
Evidence demonstrates that an<br />
appropriate exercise intervention can<br />
achieve significant benefits to<br />
symptoms, depression, anxiety and<br />
stress, changes in body shape and<br />
sedentary time associated with<br />
PTSD, and non-significant trends for<br />
sleep quality improvement according<br />
to Rosenbaum, 20<strong>13</strong>.<br />
The associated symptoms and the<br />
improvements may be related to<br />
psychosocial benefits of the<br />
intervention, rather than functional<br />
capacity, but there is also a strong<br />
empirical (observational) link<br />
between improvements in functional<br />
capacity and psychological status<br />
according to the author, 2016.<br />
People with PTSD are four times as<br />
likely to have type 2 diabetes<br />
(Lukaschek et al, 20<strong>13</strong>) and rates of<br />
overweight and obesity are as high<br />
as 92%. To add to these statistics,<br />
suffers of PTSD are shown to be<br />
less physically active due to a<br />
number of factors including pain,<br />
dysfunctional and general lack of<br />
desire or both, according Boscarino<br />
et al, 2004.<br />
Adding some form of regular<br />
physical activity can have a<br />
significant effect on a sufferer of<br />
PTSD. It’s important to note, the type<br />
of activity doesn’t matter, what<br />
matters is that the person is moving<br />
and also having fun doing it. If you<br />
would like to become physically<br />
active again and help to combat<br />
some of your PTSD related<br />
symptoms then please consult your<br />
GP and discuss your options for<br />
referral to another health care<br />
professional (exercise physiologist or<br />
physiotherapist) for help with your<br />
other associated or co-morbid<br />
conditions ie lower back pain,<br />
arthritis and or obesity.<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 39
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COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 41
- A Welcome Breakthrough in Upper Limb Prosthetics<br />
When it comes to multi-articulating upper limb<br />
prosthetics, there have been some great achievements,<br />
but also mixed results.<br />
The engineering challenges are many, with chief amongst<br />
them being the robustness and therefore the real<br />
practicality and usefulness of the hand for the end user.<br />
About 6 years ago, due to breaking both his wrists in a<br />
biking accident, engineer Mathew Jury became<br />
acquainted with what it's like to lose the use of a limb.<br />
Thus began an obsession to create a multi-articulating<br />
prosthetic that would dramatically overcome the<br />
weaknesses he clearly saw plaguing the current design<br />
solutions on offer.<br />
He recognised that currently available myo-electric hands<br />
have two key deficiencies - water resistance and<br />
robustness.<br />
Following three years of burning midnight oil and two 3D<br />
printers later, the real breakthroughs began to emerge.<br />
Mathew knew he was on to something very promising.<br />
Mathew gathered a multi-talented team around him, and<br />
a growing resource of contractors. With funding for<br />
research and development TASKA(tm) moved from<br />
prototype to reality. Today the TASKA(tm) team share the<br />
same mission:<br />
"We are all driven by the same thing. Developing a<br />
prosthetic hand that is not just a little better, but hugely<br />
better. For us innovation has never been about creating a<br />
piece of new technology - it is all about delivering real life<br />
practicality that improves people's lives."<br />
Well known and accomplished Australian Orthopaedic<br />
Surgeon, Dr Nick Hartnell, has extensive knowledge in<br />
this area of traumatic injury and he sees enormous<br />
advantages in the TASKA hand.<br />
The precision design and engineering of TASKA(tm) has<br />
made simple what is not in other models. The control<br />
system and the hand mechanism have been made as<br />
practical as possible so you can do more tasks. You can<br />
choose to change grips by hitting a button on the back of<br />
the prosthetic hand as well as traditional EMG methods.<br />
The multi-articulating hand mechanism is flexible yet<br />
tough in a way that sets it apart. Its open grasp is wide so<br />
you can pick up more objects. Its grip speed is impressive<br />
- AND, it's waterproof.<br />
This kind of precision engineering opens the door for<br />
practical people to complete many more tasks inside and<br />
outside.<br />
The TASKA hand stores more than 20 Grip patterns.<br />
However, most day-to-day activities can be performed<br />
using just a small set of 3 frequent-use grips:<br />
GENERAL GRASP, FLEXI-TOOL and PINCER PRECISION<br />
GRIP.<br />
Dr Hartnell operates out of Bowral, NSW and can be<br />
contacted for further information via email:<br />
nick@bonesurgeon.com.au<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 43
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44 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
Australian <strong>Commando</strong> Association<br />
QLD Inc.<br />
www.acaq.org.au<br />
PO Box 185, Sherwood QLD 4075<br />
COMMANDO FOR LIFE<br />
1941 - 1946 1955 -<br />
President: Nick Hill Secretary: Tony Mills Treasurer: George Mialkowski<br />
president.acaq@gmail.com secretary.acaq@gmail.com treasurer.acaq@gmail.com<br />
“STRIKE SWIFTLY & WITHOUT WARNING”<br />
The <strong>News</strong>letter Of The Australian <strong>Commando</strong> Association<br />
Queensland<br />
ISSUE 005 MARCH MAY <strong>2018</strong><br />
PRESIDENT – Mr Nick Hill, VICE PRESIDENT – Mr Tony Mills<br />
SECRETARY – Mr Graham Gough, TREASURER – Mr Wayne Douglas, SOCIAL MEMBER – Mr Mark Stanieg,<br />
SOCIAL MEDIA ADMIN – Mr John Roxburgh, COMMITTEE MEMBERS – Mr Keith Buck & Mr Mick Slattery,<br />
DVA ADVOCATE – Mr Paul Copeland, OAM. DVA WELFARE OFFICER – Mr Glenn Cochrane, OAM.<br />
GP – Dr Kieran McCarthy, Psychologist – Ms Megan Fry, PADRE – Padre Michael Polkington<br />
VICE PATRON – Mr Doug Baird, father of the late CPL Cameron Baird, VC. MG. of 2nd Cdo Regt<br />
Web Address – www.commando.org.au Postal Address – PO Box 185 Sherwood, QLD 4075,<br />
Email - secretary.acaq@gmail.com<br />
COMMANDO FOR LIFE<br />
PRESIDENT’S WORD<br />
Welcome to the latest edition of our<br />
quarterly newsletter, “STRIKE SWIFTLY &<br />
WITHOUT WARNING”, the <strong>News</strong>letter of<br />
the Australian <strong>Commando</strong> Association Queensland.<br />
This quarter has seen the Association take a break<br />
over the Xmas and New Year Periods and we had our<br />
AGM & first meeting for 2017 on Sunday 11 February<br />
where we elected a new Executive Committee.<br />
Congratulations to all those who were elected or reelected.<br />
We are busily preparing for this year’s events<br />
and a detailed list is located on page 28. We do hope<br />
that, as many of you are able to attend this year’s<br />
events. The Treasurer and I have sent out renewal<br />
notices for membership. Thus far we only have 36 out<br />
of a possible 75 who have paid their dues. If you<br />
haven’t paid your fees for <strong>2018</strong> please do so ASAP.<br />
Your membership allows us to assist with events and<br />
organise things for you.<br />
ANZAC Day Dawn services were held across the<br />
State and one of our Committee Members, Mick<br />
Slattery, conducted a Dawn Service on board an oilrig<br />
platform off the North West Shelf of WA. I had the<br />
privilege of laying one of the original QCA wreaths at<br />
the Dawn service in Canungra. There was small turn out<br />
for the ANZAC Day March in Brisbane with a few new<br />
faces as well as 96 yr. old WW2 <strong>Commando</strong> Cec<br />
O’Brien who refused to get in a buggy (to the absolute<br />
annoyance to the ANZAC Day organisers), and<br />
marched all the way, well done Cec! After the march a<br />
luncheon was held with the RMAQ at the Maritime<br />
Museum in Southbank. Next year we are looking at<br />
having a luncheon in Southbank after the March. We<br />
will be starting up our <strong>Commando</strong> Luncheons again<br />
and the first one for <strong>2018</strong> will be on Sunday 27 May in<br />
Southbank, details to follow.<br />
In September we will be conducting <strong>Commando</strong>s<br />
Return (Timor Awakening) again, which will be a return<br />
to Timor Leste available for those who have served our<br />
nation as a <strong>Commando</strong> or the family member of a<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> who unfortunately is no longer with us.<br />
The Expression of Interest will be attached to this<br />
newsletter as well as the CR18 Brief.<br />
So I hope that you enjoy our 5 th <strong>News</strong>letter and as<br />
always you are welcome to submit ads or letters,<br />
images etc.<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> For Life<br />
Nick Hill<br />
President<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 45
SIGNIFICANT COMMANDO EVENTS<br />
May 1941<br />
No1 Independent Company was raised and trained at<br />
Wilsons Promontory Victoria, the home and birthplace<br />
of Australian <strong>Commando</strong>.<br />
17 April 1942<br />
2/5 Cdo Coy arrives in Port Moresby, New Guniea<br />
during an air raid.<br />
Unusual suspects at the<br />
ANZAC Day March<br />
Brisbane <strong>2018</strong><br />
IN THIS EDITION<br />
Significant <strong>Commando</strong> Dates .................................p.24<br />
First of the First – 1 st Independent Company .........p.25<br />
In Focus – SGT Brett Wood MG. DSM<br />
2 nd <strong>Commando</strong> Regiment .......................................p.27<br />
<strong>Commando</strong>s For Life ..............................................p.28<br />
Upcoming ACA Qld Events ....................................p.28<br />
Books Of Interest– The <strong>Commando</strong><br />
by Ben McKelvey ....................................................p.29<br />
<strong>Commando</strong>s Return ................................................p,29<br />
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May 1942<br />
2/6 & 2/7 Cdo Coy’s formed at the Guerrilla Warfare<br />
School, Wilsons Promontory, Victoria.<br />
March 1943<br />
2/6 Cdo Coy reforms as the 2/6 Cdo Sqn of the<br />
2/7 Cdo Regt at the Jungle Warfare School at<br />
Canungra, Qld after returning from New Guniea.<br />
April 1943<br />
2/4 Cdo Coy reforms as the 2/4 Cdo Sqn at the<br />
Jungle Warfare School at Canungra, Qld after<br />
returning from Timor.<br />
May 1943<br />
53 men of 2/3 Cdo Sqn conducts an attack on<br />
Ambush Knoll in New Guniea against the Japanese<br />
and takes the position. The JIA attempts several<br />
counter attacks over several days, but are<br />
repelled each time.<br />
2/5 Cdo Coy reforms as the 2/5 Cdo Sqn of the<br />
2/7 Cdo Regt at the Jungle Warfare School at<br />
Canungra, Qld after returning from New Guinea.<br />
2/7 Cdo Coy conducts combat operations in<br />
Bena Bena, New Guinea as part of Bena Force.<br />
2/4 Cdo Sqn conducts combat operations against the<br />
Japanese on Tarakan Island off Borneo.<br />
2/9 Cdo Sqn lands at Dove Bay, Wewak and<br />
established the beachhead.<br />
<strong>13</strong>-19 May 1945<br />
2/10 Cdo Sqn is surrounded by Japanese troops in<br />
the Wewak area and fights off numerous attacks.<br />
06 May 1969<br />
WO2 Ray Simpson DCM & Bar awarded the Victoria<br />
Cross for Valour in South Vietnam. Ray was attached<br />
to AATTV from 1 Cdo Coy.<br />
46 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
THE FIRST OF THE FIRST<br />
1 ST Independent Company<br />
The 1 st Independent Company was formed in<br />
May/June 1941 and was trained at the No. 7<br />
Infantry Training Centre at Tidal River on<br />
Wilsons Promontory in Victoria. Originally the company<br />
was raised to serve in the Middle East although, at that<br />
time there was uncertainty about the role that the<br />
company would fill there. Indeed, within the Australian<br />
Army there was a section that saw no need for the<br />
independent companies, believing that they would<br />
prove to be more of a drain on resources than anything<br />
else.<br />
Structure<br />
With an authorised strength of 17 officers and 256<br />
other ranks, the 1st Independent Company was<br />
composed of a company headquarters consisting of <strong>13</strong><br />
personnel, three 60-man platoons named A, B and C,<br />
each of three 19-man sections numbered in series from<br />
1 to 9, plus an engineer section of 21 men, a 34-man<br />
signals section, a medical section of six men and a<br />
transport section with four men. A major commanded<br />
the company, with a captain as a second-in-command.<br />
A captain also commanded each platoon, while all<br />
sections except the medical and lieutenants<br />
commanded transport sections. A captain commanded<br />
the medical section.<br />
New Ireland & The South Pacific<br />
In 1941, as the threat of war with Imperial Japan<br />
loomed, the main body of the company was sent to<br />
Kavieng, New Ireland, to protect Kavieng airfield whilst<br />
other sections were sent to Namatanai on New Ireland,<br />
Vila in the New Hebrides, Tulagi on Guadalcanal, Buka<br />
on Bougainville, and Lorengau on Manus Island to act<br />
as observers and provided medical treatment to the<br />
inhabitants. Commanded by Major James Edmonds-<br />
Wilson, in the event of an invasion of New Britain by<br />
the Japanese the 1st Independent Company was<br />
under orders to resist long enough to destroy key<br />
airfields and other military installations such as fuel<br />
dumps, before withdrawing south to wage a guerrilla<br />
war. They did not have to wait very long, as on 21<br />
January 1942, a preparatory bombing raid by about<br />
sixty Japanese aircraft attacked Kavieng. A number of<br />
aircraft were shot down, however, the company's only<br />
means of escape, the schooner Induna Star, was<br />
damaged. Nevertheless, despite the damage the crew<br />
managed to sail the vessel to Kaut where they started<br />
to repair the damage. As they did so, the commandos<br />
withdrew across the island to Sook, having received<br />
word that a large Japanese naval force was<br />
approaching the island.<br />
In the early morning of 22 January 1942, the<br />
Japanese landed at Kavieng with between 3,000 and<br />
4,000 troops. As the lead Japanese troops reached<br />
Kavieng airfield, fighting broke out as the small force<br />
that had remained at the airfield blew up the supply<br />
dump and other facilities. Fighting their way out, the<br />
commandos withdrew towards the main force at Sook,<br />
although a number of men were captured in the<br />
process. Once the company had regrouped at Sook,<br />
on 28 January they withdrew further south to Kaut,<br />
where they helped with the repair of the Induna Star,<br />
before setting out along the east coast of the island.<br />
They reached Kalili Harbour on 31 January but after<br />
learning that the fighting on New Britain was over and<br />
that the Japanese had occupied Rabaul, it was decided<br />
to sail for Port Moresby.<br />
Montevideo Maru<br />
On 2 February the schooner was sighted by a<br />
Japanese plane, which subsequently attacked, causing<br />
considerable damage to the vessel as well as<br />
destroying one of its lifeboats and causing a number of<br />
casualties. The Induna Star began taking on water and<br />
as a result the men were forced to surrender. Under<br />
escort by a Japanese aircraft and then later a destroyer,<br />
they were instructed to sail to Rabaul where they<br />
became prisoners of war. After a few months at<br />
Rabaul, the officers were separated from their NCOs<br />
and men. The officers were transported to Japan where<br />
they remained in captivity for the rest of the war, whilst<br />
the NCOs and men, along with other members of Lark<br />
Force that had been captured and a number of<br />
civilians, where put on to the Japanese passenger ship<br />
Montevideo Maru for transportation. Traveling un -<br />
escorted, the Montevideo Maru sailed from Rabaul on<br />
22 June. On 1 st July 1942, the ship was sighted by an<br />
American submarine, the USS Sturgeon, off the coast<br />
of the Luzon, Philippines. The USS Sturgeon torpedoed<br />
and sunk the Montevideo Maru, without realising it was<br />
a prisoner of war vessel. Only a handful of the<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 47
Japanese crew were rescued, with none of the<br />
between 1,050 and 1,053 prisoners aboard surviving as<br />
they were still locked below deck. All <strong>13</strong>3 men from the<br />
1 st Independent Company who were aboard the<br />
Montevideo Maru were either killed or drowned.<br />
New Guinea<br />
Meanwhile, the sections of the company that had<br />
not been with the main group at Kavieng managed to<br />
avoid capture by the Japanese. Working with the coast<br />
watchers, they reported Japanese movements and<br />
carried out demolitions until they were later evacuated<br />
or escaped from the islands between April and May<br />
1942. A reinforcement platoon had been trained in<br />
Australia while the company was deployed and after<br />
completing its training sailed on the Macdui, arriving at<br />
Port Moresby on 10 March 1942.<br />
Following their arrival, the platoon was<br />
designated the Independent Platoon Port<br />
Moresby and initially used for local<br />
defence purposes. It was later redesignated<br />
as Detachment 1 Independent<br />
Company. In April 1942, under the<br />
command of Captain Roy Howard, it was<br />
moved to Kudjeru, in New Guinea, to<br />
guard against possible Japanese move -<br />
ment south of Wau along the Bulldog Track. In the<br />
process they became the first Australian Army unit to<br />
cross the Owen Stanley Range. In June, a section<br />
fought alongside the 2/5 th Independent Company as<br />
part of Kanga Force where they participated in a major<br />
raid on the Japanese at Salamaua. Eventually, however,<br />
as a result of the losses suffered during the 1942<br />
campaigns it was decided that the company would be<br />
disbanded and as the survivors were transferred to<br />
other commando units – with the majority of those in<br />
Port Moresby being transferred to the 2/5 th – the 1 st<br />
Independent Company was never raised again.<br />
Throughout the course of the unit's existence, it<br />
suffered 142 men killed in action or died while<br />
prisoners of war. One member of the company was<br />
awarded the Military Cross.<br />
Australian POWs in Shikoku, Japan 1942-45, including members of 1st Independent Company<br />
48 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
IN FOCUS<br />
SERGEANT BRETT MATHEW WOOD MG. DSM.<br />
2 nd <strong>Commando</strong> Regiment<br />
Sergeant Brett Wood MG, DSM was born in<br />
Ferntree Gully, Victoria in 1978. He joined the<br />
Army in 1996 and after recruit and initial<br />
employment training (IET) he was posted to the 6 th<br />
Battalion, The Royal Australian Regiment (6 RAR) in<br />
Brisbane. In 1998 then PTE Wood successfully under -<br />
took <strong>Commando</strong> Selection and Training and after<br />
completing the <strong>Commando</strong> reinforcement cycle he<br />
was posted to the then 4 th Battalion, The Royal Aust -<br />
ralian Regiment (<strong>Commando</strong>) (4 Cdo) in November of<br />
that same year.<br />
Brett had significant operational experience, his first<br />
deployment was on Operation Bel Isi II to Bougainville<br />
in 2000. In 2001 he deployed to East Timor on<br />
Operation Tanager with Bravo <strong>Commando</strong> Company<br />
(BCC) and in 2003 to Iraq on Operation Falconer again<br />
with BCC as part of the Special Operations Task Force<br />
(SOTF). After his return from Iraq he successfully<br />
completed the Advanced Close Quarter Battle (ACQB)<br />
Course for service with Tactical Assault Group - East<br />
(TAG-E) and was deployed during Operation<br />
Scrummage (Rugby World Cup 2003).<br />
In 2006 Sergeant Wood deployed to Afghanistan as<br />
part of the Special Operations Task Group (SOTG)<br />
Rotation III (Rot III) with Delta <strong>Commando</strong> Company<br />
(DCC). During this deployment he was awarded The<br />
Medal for Gallantry (MG) (Australia’s third highest<br />
award for valour), for leadership in action as a Team<br />
Commander during this tour. He was also awarded the<br />
Unit Citation For Gallantry (UCG) as a member of<br />
SOTG Rot I, II and III.<br />
He rotated back on to TAG-E in 2007 as a SGT and<br />
became the Emergency Action (EA) Commander for<br />
Land Assault Platoon. During this rotation he deployed<br />
on Operation Deluge (APEC Summit) in Sydney and<br />
was awarded the Special Operations Commander –<br />
Australia, Commendation for service with TAG-E. In<br />
2008 he became instrumental in the raising of the<br />
Armed Response Protection Team (ARPT) capability<br />
with in 4 Cdo and during that time deployed several<br />
times to Iraq & Afghanistan to provide security to VIPs,<br />
dignitaries and members of Parliament.<br />
In 2009 he again deployed to Afghanistan on Rot X<br />
this time with Charlie <strong>Commando</strong> Company (CCC) as a<br />
SGT Section Commander and again on Rot XV in 2011<br />
as a Platoon SGT with CCC. It was during this<br />
deployment during a Counter Narcotic Operation in<br />
support of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)<br />
in Kesh Mesh Khan, Helmand Province, Brett was<br />
tragically killed in action as a result of stepping on an<br />
Improvised Explosive Device (IED) whilst chasing up<br />
Taliban Insurgents on 23 May 2011. Brett’s death shook<br />
the Regiment to its core as he was considered to be<br />
one of the most<br />
professional and<br />
one of the best<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> SGTs in<br />
the Regiment. Brett<br />
was buried at<br />
Rookwood Military<br />
Cemetery in Sydney<br />
on the 3rd of June<br />
2011 with full<br />
military honours. At the service at St. Andrews<br />
Cathedral in Sydney, Brett was Posthumously awarded<br />
the US Military’s Meritorious Service Medal on behalf of<br />
the Commander of US Forces in Afghanistan, General<br />
David Petraeus.<br />
In 2012 Brett was (Posthumously) awarded the<br />
Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) for leadership in<br />
Action.<br />
SGT Wood has been awarded the following<br />
decorations;<br />
• Medal for Gallantry<br />
• Distinguished Service Medal<br />
• Australian Active Service Medal 1975- with clasps:<br />
East Timor, International Coalition Against Terrorism<br />
(ICAT) and Iraq 2003<br />
• Afghanistan Campaign Medal<br />
• Iraq Campaign Medal<br />
• Australian Service Medal 1975- with clasps:<br />
Bougainville, Counter Terrorism/Special Recovery<br />
• Defence Long Service Medal<br />
• Australian Defence Medal<br />
• United Nations Transitional Authority - East Timor<br />
Medal<br />
• NATO ISAF Medal;<br />
• US Meritorious Service Medal<br />
• Unit Citation for Gallantry<br />
• Meritorious Unit Citation<br />
• Special Operations Command Australia<br />
Commendation<br />
• Infantry Combat Badge.<br />
• Citation For The Medal For Gallantry<br />
To be awarded the medal for gallantry -<br />
Corporal Brett Mathew Wood<br />
For gallantry and leadership in action as a<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> Team Commander, of the Special<br />
Operations Task Group – Task Force 637, whilst<br />
deployed on Operation SLIPPER Rotation Three<br />
Afghanistan, May – September 2006.<br />
Corporal Brett Mathew Wood enlisted in the<br />
Australian Regular Army on the <strong>13</strong> th of February 1996<br />
and was allocated to the 6 th Battalion, the Royal<br />
Australian Regiment. He later successfully completed<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> training and was posted to the 4 th<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 49
Battalion, The Royal Australian Regiment (<strong>Commando</strong>)<br />
in 1998. Corporal Wood’s operational experience<br />
includes deployments on Operations BEL ISI,<br />
TANAGER, FALCONER and SLIPPER.<br />
On the 17 th of July<br />
2006 during Operation<br />
PERTH, the <strong>Commando</strong><br />
Platoon was tasked to<br />
conduct the clearance<br />
of an Anti Coalition<br />
Militia sanctuary in the<br />
Chora Valley, Oruzgan<br />
Province, Afghanistan.<br />
The Platoon was<br />
partnered in support of<br />
an Infantry Company of the United States Army 10 th<br />
Mountain Division. At approximately 1 pm the Infantry<br />
Company came under heavy rocket propelled grenade<br />
and small arms fire on multiple flanks resulting in six<br />
wounded and one soldier killed in action, effectively<br />
halting their advance. Through thick vegetation, facing<br />
large numbers of dispersed Anti Coalition Militia and<br />
under heavy fire, the <strong>Commando</strong> Platoon commenced<br />
manoeuvring to provide assistance to the element<br />
which was pinned down. During this move the<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> Platoon received a volley of four rockets<br />
which impacted in the centre of the platoon’s position<br />
resulting in six Australian soldiers wounded in action, a<br />
loss to the platoon by one third of its force. Unknown<br />
to the Commander at the time, Corporal Wood had<br />
also been wounded in the foot by fragmentation from<br />
the rocket propelled grenade barrage.<br />
In order to regain the initiative, Corporal Wood’s<br />
team was tasked by the <strong>Commando</strong> Platoon Com -<br />
mander to assault forward and clear a group of com -<br />
pounds from which they were receiving Anti Coalition<br />
Militia fire. Under these daunting conditions Corporal<br />
Wood commenced this task without hesita tion,<br />
completing a rapid and aggressive clearance of<br />
numerous threat compounds. Once achieved, both the<br />
United States and Australian elements were free to<br />
continue with the battle providing the necessary time<br />
to effect the back loading of the wounded by<br />
helicopter to the Forward Operating Base.<br />
Throughout the afternoon, numerous and relentless<br />
probing attacks by a determined opponent followed.<br />
Corporal Wood displayed extraordinary leadership and<br />
courage, inspiring his team and the remainder of the<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> platoon to repel the continued attacks. He<br />
then successfully led a marksmanship team to infiltrate<br />
the Anti Coalition Militia held territory killing seven Anti<br />
Coalition Militia. Only after the engagement had been<br />
completed and the threat to the platoon subsided did<br />
Corporal Wood inform his Commander of the frag -<br />
mentation wound that he had sustained during the<br />
original contact earlier that day. Corporal Wood was<br />
then evacuated to the Casualty Collection Point where<br />
he was provided with medical treatment and later<br />
extracted.<br />
Corporal Wood’s actions<br />
on the 17 th of July 2006, as a<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> Team Com -<br />
mander during Operation<br />
PERTH, were testament to<br />
his leadership, fortitude and<br />
sense of duty to his team<br />
and the platoon. His deter -<br />
mination to con tinue to lead<br />
his team during the battle in<br />
extremely hazardous circumstances despite being<br />
wounded ensured that the <strong>Commando</strong> Platoon<br />
regained the initiative and contributed significantly to a<br />
decisive victory. His gallantry and leadership in the<br />
face of the enemy has been of the highest order and in<br />
keeping with the finest traditions of Special Operations<br />
Command Australia, the Australian Army and the<br />
Australian Defence Force.<br />
COMMANDO FOR LIFE<br />
COMMANDOS FOR LIFE<br />
The Medal for Gallantry (MG)<br />
Australia’s third highest award for Gallantry<br />
30 March 1966<br />
PTE Phillip Stewart, 1 st Cdo Coy,<br />
Died In Training, Gan Gan, NSW Australia<br />
27 April 2008<br />
LCPL Jason Marks, Delta Cdo Coy 4 th Cdo Bn,<br />
Killed In Action, Urazghan Province Afghanistan<br />
23 May 2011<br />
SGT Brett Wood MG. DSM. Charlie Cdo Coy<br />
2 nd Cdo Regt,<br />
Killed In Action, Helmand Province Afghanistan<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> For Life<br />
Lest We Forget<br />
COMMANDO FOR LIFE<br />
UPCOMING ACA QLD EVENTS<br />
09 – 19 September 18 -<br />
<strong>Commando</strong>s Return, Timor Leste.<br />
COMMANDO FOR LIFE<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 51
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52 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>
The <strong>Commando</strong><br />
The Life and Death of CPL Cameron Baird VC. MG.<br />
By Ben McKelvey<br />
Corporal Baird was a modern-day warrior who set<br />
a standard that every soldier aspires to achieve.' -<br />
GENERAL DAVID HURLEY<br />
On 22 June 20<strong>13</strong>, Corporal Cameron Baird was a 2 nd<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> Regiment Special Forces soldier when he<br />
led his platoon into a known Taliban stronghold to<br />
back-up another Australian unit under heavy fire. In the<br />
pronged firefight, Cameron was mortally wounded.<br />
In 2014, Cameron's bravery and courage under fire<br />
saw him posthumously awarded the 100 th Victoria<br />
Cross, our highest award possible for bravery in the<br />
presence of the enemy. Cameron Baird died how he<br />
lived - at the front, giving it his all, without any<br />
indecision. He will forever be remembered by his<br />
mates and the soldiers he served with in the 2 nd<br />
<strong>Commando</strong> Regiment.<br />
THE COMMANDO reveals Cameron's life, from<br />
young boy and aspiring AFL player, who only missed<br />
out on being drafted because of injury, to exemplary<br />
soldier and leader. Cameron's story and that of 4RAR<br />
and 2 nd <strong>Commando</strong> personifies the courage and<br />
character of the men and women who go to war and<br />
will show us the good man we have lost.<br />
BOOKS OF INTEREST<br />
<strong>Commando</strong>s Return<br />
09 -19 September <strong>2018</strong><br />
<strong>Commando</strong>s Return is on again for <strong>2018</strong> between<br />
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of a <strong>Commando</strong> killed in action your eligible to attend.<br />
See the flyer for more information and to register your<br />
interest.<br />
<strong>Commando</strong>s Return is an immersion program<br />
taking in holistic healing of the mind body and soul as<br />
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Timorese people, landscape and its culture. You will<br />
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Australian <strong>Commando</strong>s of WW2, see and hear of the<br />
24-year conflict and eventual independence of the<br />
Indonesian occupation and to see where the Post WW2<br />
<strong>Commando</strong>s served from 1999 - 2010.<br />
COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong> 53
56 COMMANDO NEWS ~ Edition <strong>13</strong> I <strong>2018</strong>