394871994-THE-DIFFERENCE-BETWEEN-CATHOLIC-HYPOSTASES-AND-SUNNITE-ATTRIBUTES-A-RESPONSE-TO-IBN-RUSHD-AND-MUTAZILITES
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AHLUSSUNNAH WAL JAMA:”AH<br />
Difference between<br />
Attributes and Hypostases<br />
A <strong>RESPONSE</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>MUTAZILITES</strong> <strong>AND</strong> <strong>IBN</strong> AR<br />
<strong>RUSHD</strong><br />
technolet<br />
[Pick the date]<br />
Errors of Mutazilites, Ibn Rushd etc. are answered
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QUESTION:= Some Mu’tazilite minded people say that Suuni Attributes are nothing but Catholic<br />
Hypostases. They further say Christian Word and Sunni Speech are one and the same concept.<br />
Please response to them:<br />
REPLY:=<br />
First of All ,One should know what is Trinity. According to the dogma of Trinity God is a Trinity.Trinity<br />
may be stated as s follow:<br />
God is a Being in which there is One Essence and in the Essence there are three Hypostases.<br />
Hypostase/Hypostasis.[ Alternative term Person]<br />
Being: A thing which Exist. [Existent]<br />
Essence [Essentia]. A Thing Where By A Thing is That It Is.<br />
The words Form,Nature, Ousia (Substance) may have different meanings from the word Essence , but in<br />
the Divine Case they all means Essence.<br />
The Divine Essence is Per Se Subsistent.<br />
A Hypostasis (Hypostase) is a thing which is:=<br />
1]IndividuainSe (Individual in Itself).Not species,not Generas, Indivisible.<br />
2]Substantia (Substance) . It is a substance in the negative sense, i.e Not an accident.<br />
3]Completa [Complete]. It morma as Complete Nature. It is neither an Actual Part nor an AltitudinalPart.<br />
4]Per Se Subsistens (By Means of Itself Stands). One that is Sustained(Sustineo,Sustentus) by means of<br />
itself. [Per Se = By means Of It Self].<br />
The thing Exists by It self [ and for It Self]<br />
5]Sui Iuris [It Self Binding]. Ultimate Subject of Its Nature, Attributes and Acts.<br />
6]Sui Generis [Self Origin] :No Origin other than itself.<br />
7]Separata AbAliis [Separate From Other]. (Ab=By, From,Aliis,Alia=Other). This Excludes Universal.<br />
8]Substantia Secunda [Substance Second]. A thing which has no Existence a part from the individual.<br />
9]Rationalis Naturae [ Rational Nature] It has the Attribute Of Rationality.<br />
10] NotPerSeSeorsum /Per Se Seorsum [By ItSelf Apart/Seperate from the rest].A thing which does not<br />
exist in Incommunicable other or Distinct. [A Hypostasis is Not Per Se Seorsumfrom its Own Ousia, but<br />
Per Se Seorsum from another Hypostasis].<br />
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A Hypostasis is ascribed by the Attribute of three incommunicabilities. They are mutually<br />
Distinct from one another.<br />
WHY HUMAN NATURE IS NOT CALLED <strong>THE</strong> HUMAN SUBSTANCE, BUT <strong>THE</strong> DIVINE NATUE IS<br />
CALLED.<br />
The reason is that it exists in Alio. The very same reason it is not called a Hpostasis or a<br />
Person. [That is it is Per Alia Subsistent].<br />
WHY A HYPOSTASIS IS NOT CALLED A SUBSTANCE.<br />
Thomas Like Asharites and Maturidites believed God is neither a Substance Nor An<br />
Accident. But All the Christiandom do use the words like Ousia and HomOusia in case of<br />
God. In case of God Ousia means Essentia.<br />
<strong>THE</strong> <strong>DIFFERENCE</strong> <strong>BETWEEN</strong> SUBSISTES/SUBSISTENCE <strong>AND</strong> SUBSTANCE.<br />
On this ground the difference between Subsistent and Substance is as follow:=<br />
The Common Essence of these Hypostases Is not Identical to any one of the Hypostasis.<br />
That is inspite of the extreme Communicability and Indistinctness of Divine Essentia from<br />
Divine Hypostases neither A Hypostasis is the Essence nor The Essence is the Hypostasis.<br />
That is why Plurality of Hypostases is accepted and Plurality of Essences is denied.<br />
Now Essence of a Substance is the Essence/Substance Itself.<br />
A SUBSTENCE IS A PER SE SUBSISTENT WHOSE ESSENCE IS <strong>THE</strong> PERSE SUBSISTENT IT<br />
SELF.<br />
ON <strong>THE</strong> CONTRARY <strong>THE</strong> ESSENSE OF A HYPOSTASIS IS NOT <strong>THE</strong> HYPOSTASIS IT SELF.<br />
THAT IS WHY A HYPOSTASIS IS SUBSISTENT BUT NOT A SUBSTANCE.<br />
Reasons of following things for not being a Hypostasis.<br />
1]The human soul belongs to the nature as either an actual part or aptitudinal of the<br />
Human Being, hence not a Hypostasis, whether existing separately or not from the Human<br />
Being.<br />
2]The human nature of Christ does not exist per se seorsum, but in alio, in the<br />
Divine Hypostatisness of the the Second Hypostasis. It is communicated<br />
by assumption and so is not a Hypostase/ Person. It is not Per Se Subsistent but Per Alia<br />
Subsistent.<br />
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3] Divine Essence [Godhead, Divinity, Divine Ousia], It subsisteth per se, is so<br />
communicated to the Three Hypostasis that it does not exist apart from them; it is therefore<br />
not a Hypostasis.<br />
Note:= The human Nature [Divine Humanity] is neither an Essence [,Essentia] nor a<br />
Substance [Ousia]and additionally not a Form.Divine Nature is Substantial Essence not just<br />
nature. A non Pe Se Subsistent may be a nature but not an Essence. In the Divine Case the<br />
Nature of the Divine Per Se Subsistent Essence/Ousia is the Ousia/Essence Itself.<br />
WHY <strong>THE</strong> HUMAN NATURE IS NOT AN ESSENCE BUT DIVINE NATURE IS AN ESSENCE<br />
The former is not Per Se Subsistent while the latter is. This is the reason why the Human<br />
Nature is neither a Hypostasis/Person, nor an Essence [ Substantial Essence].<br />
Meaning of a Suppositum. A Suppositun [Pl:Supposita] Satisfy the first eight mentioned<br />
above conditions. It may be real or imaginary.Its May be Essence Of It Self or Its Essence<br />
may be communicable to it but Not ItSelf.<br />
Relations and reasons of Hypostases.<br />
Divine Attributes are believed to be Identical to Divine Essence In The Dogma Of Trinity.<br />
1] The Second Hypostasis is believed to be Issued/Proceedes as a Term of an Immanent Act<br />
of Divine Attribute Of Intellect Of God.The act of Proceeding/Issuing from the Attribute of<br />
Intellect is also called Generation. Thomas renamesthe second Hypostasis as Verbum<br />
Mentale.<br />
2] The Third Hypostasis is believed to be Issued/Proceeded as a Term of an Immanent Act<br />
of the Attribute Of Will Of God. The act of Procession/ Issuance from the Divine Attribute Of<br />
Will is called Aspiration/Respiration and not Generation. Similarly the Act of Generation is<br />
not called Aspiration/Respiration.<br />
3] Three Hypostases are believed to be constituted In the Divine Essence by Four relations.<br />
They are as follow:=<br />
i)Paternitas [Paternity]<br />
ii) Spiratio [Breathing,Aspration,Respiration]<br />
iii) Filiatio [Descent-From-Father; (Father Has Paternitas, Son Has Filiatio]<br />
iv) Processio [PRO=BEFORE,CESSIO=surrendering/conceding]<br />
POINTS <strong>TO</strong> BE NOTED:=<br />
1] GREEK CHRISTIANITY BELIEVES <strong>HYPOSTASES</strong> PRIOR <strong>TO</strong> DIVINE OUSIS/ ESSENTIA.<br />
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2]ROMAN CHRISTIANITY BELIEVES ESSENTIA/OUSIA PRIOR <strong>TO</strong> <strong>HYPOSTASES</strong>.<br />
3] DIVINE RELATIONS IN <strong>THE</strong> DIVINE ESSENCE ARE BELIEVED <strong>TO</strong> BE PER SE SUBSISTENT,<br />
NOT JUST RELATIONS.<br />
4] GRREKS DIFFER IN SEVERAL DETAILS FROM ROMANS. WE HAVE NOT DISCUSSED <strong>THE</strong>M<br />
IN DETAIL FOR <strong>THE</strong> SAKE OF BREVITY .<br />
NOW COME <strong>TO</strong> <strong>THE</strong> OBJECTION OF MU’TIZILITE MINDED PEOPLE WHO MAKE OBJECTION<br />
ON DIVINE ATTRIBUTE.<br />
A DIVINE ATTRIBUTE IS NOT PER SE SUBSISBTENT. IT SUBSIST IN DIVINE ESSENCE.<br />
SO A DIVINE ATTRIBUTE AS ACCORDIBG <strong>TO</strong> SUNNI <strong>THE</strong>OLOGICAL SYSTEM IS NEI<strong>THE</strong>R AN<br />
ACCIDENT NOR A SUBSTANCE, NEI<strong>THE</strong>R AN ESSENCE NOR A HYPOSTASIS.<br />
<strong>THE</strong>SE OBJECTION MAKERS NEI<strong>THE</strong>R KNOW CHRISTIAN <strong>THE</strong>OLOGY NOT ISLAMIC<br />
<strong>THE</strong>OLOGY. THAT IS <strong>THE</strong> REASON <strong>THE</strong> CONFUSE <strong>SUNNITE</strong> <strong>ATTRIBUTES</strong> WITH <strong>CATHOLIC</strong><br />
<strong>AND</strong> ORTHODOX <strong>HYPOSTASES</strong>.<br />
RAI<strong>THE</strong>R <strong>THE</strong>SE MUTIZILITE MINDED PEOPLE DO AGREE WITH ROMANS <strong>AND</strong> GREEKS THAT<br />
<strong>ATTRIBUTES</strong> ARE IDENTICAL <strong>TO</strong> ESSENCE.<br />
BUT <strong>THE</strong> MAKE OBJECTIONS ON ASHAIRAH <strong>AND</strong> MATURIDIYAH WITH OUT STUDYING<br />
<strong>THE</strong>OLOGY OF <strong>CATHOLIC</strong>S <strong>AND</strong> ORTHODOXES , <strong>AND</strong> <strong>THE</strong>OLOGY OF AHLUSSUNNAH<br />
[ASHAIRAH <strong>AND</strong> MATURIDIYAH]<br />
THIS DOES SHEW THAT MUTIZILITE OBJECTION MAKERS EI<strong>THE</strong>R DELIBERATELY SPEAK<br />
FALSE STATEMENTS IF <strong>THE</strong>Y KNOW <strong>THE</strong> CHRISTIAN <strong>AND</strong> ISLAMIC <strong>THE</strong>OLOGIES OR ARE<br />
IQNORENT OF TEACH ONE OF <strong>THE</strong>M OR HAVE A VERY LITTLE KNOWLEDEGE OF EACH OF<br />
<strong>THE</strong>M.<br />
DIVINE SPEECH[CALA:M] ACCORDING <strong>TO</strong> AHLUSSUNNAH IS NOT <strong>THE</strong> DIVINE<br />
WORD[LOGOS/CAL-MAH] OF CHRISTI<strong>AND</strong>OM. REASON IS THAT <strong>THE</strong> SPEECH IS AN<br />
ATTRIBUTE <strong>AND</strong> <strong>THE</strong> WORD IS A HYPOSTSIS. SUNNIS [ASHAIRAH <strong>AND</strong> MATURIDIYAH] DO<br />
NOT BELIEVE IN <strong>CATHOLIC</strong> <strong>AND</strong> ORTHODOX <strong>HYPOSTASES</strong> , <strong>AND</strong> <strong>CATHOLIC</strong>S <strong>AND</strong><br />
ORTHODOX DO NOT BELIEVES IN SUNNI<br />
[ASHAIRAH <strong>AND</strong> MATURIDIYAH] <strong>ATTRIBUTES</strong>.<br />
Second :CONCEPT OF AHLUSSUNNAH.<br />
Ahlussunnah believe in Absolute Unicity Of Deity [AUD] instead of Trinity Of God [Tri-Unity].<br />
According to Ahlussnnah Deity is Absolute Unicity. That is Why Essential Attributes cannot<br />
be Essence since this is Plurality is Unicity. This is Self Absurd.<br />
Divine Essence [Essence Of Deity] Is Identical to Deity [ Divine Essence is the Deity].<br />
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Essential Attributes are Qaim Bi Adh-Dhat [literally Sustain With The Essence]. A better<br />
translation may be “Associated With the Divine Per Se Subsistent Essence/ Essentia.<br />
According to Ahlussunnah Deity Is An Existent That Is an Essence. Essential Attributes of<br />
The Divine Essence Subsist In the Essence With Intrinsic Necessity.<br />
Essence according to Ahlussunnah is Qa:’im Bidh Dha:t or Qa:’im Bi Nafsihi [Per Se<br />
Subsistent or Sustained In ItSelf] . It is Intrinsically Absurd for any Essence to Be In It.<br />
Who ever it it normally translated as Sustain(eth) in Essence Or Subsist(eth) In Essence.and<br />
Are Associated With the Divine Essence.<br />
No Divine Attribute is Per Se Seorsum [Separate IN Itself=Mughai-ir Bidh Dhat] From the<br />
Divine Essence , But is La “AIN Va La Ghair.<br />
The basic Sufficient difference between Catholic Hypostases and Sunni Attributes is that the<br />
former are Per Se Subsistent, while the latter Subsist Necessarity In the Divine Essence with<br />
Intrinsic Necessicity.They are not Per Se Subsistent. Other differences may also be stated<br />
but this is sufficient for a rational person. See the definition of a Hypostasis above.<br />
Note : Some Asharites and Maturidites how ever are identitists. How ever they do not make<br />
this objection.<br />
Ibn ar Rushd Error:-<br />
It is found that Ibn Ar Rushd also neglected this difference. He commited the same<br />
Mu”tizilite Mistake. Latter Mu”tizilite minded people follow them without excogitation and<br />
research.<br />
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