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EDITORIAL ThUrSDAY, JAnUArY 17, 2019 4 Acting Editor & Publisher : Jobaer Alam Telephone: +8802-9104683-84, Fax: 9127103 e-mail: editor@thebangladeshtoday.com Thursday, January 17, 2019 Economic agenda for the new government Since Sheikh Hasina took power in 2008, Bangladesh's per capita income has seen a threefold increase. The country's gross domestic product (GDP) stood at $250bn in 2017, according to the IMF, and last year clocked a growth rate of 7.28 percent."I promise to build a more beautiful future by learning from the past. We will build a noncommunal golden Bangladesh free from hunger, poverty and illiteracy as cherished by Father of the Nation Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman," Hasina said at the launch of her party manifesto some 4 weeks before the national elections held on 30 December last. The AL's manifesto promises to make Bangladesh, one of the world's most densely populated countries with a population of over160 million, a middleincome nation by 2021 and triple its current per capita income of $1,750 in the next decade. The garment industry has emerged as one of the main pillars of the economy, providing jobs to 4.5 million people. It makes up 14 percent of the GDP and nearly 80 percent of the country's exports worth $35bn.Nearly 2.5 million Bangladeshi expatriates send home about $15bn annually. Exciting new sources of income are emerging in areas such as ocean going shipbuilding industry and pharmaceuticals. The traditional economic sector, jute trading and industry, is reviving and diversifying. The entire export sector has been showing uptrends without a pause. The export sector growth is likely to be even bigger, diversified and sustainable in the future. Bangladesh has performed well on most human development index indicators by controlling its population growth, improving infant mortality drastically that has resulted into higher life expectancy, which at 72 years, has surpassed those of India and Pakistan. MahbubulAlamHanif, a senior AL leader, said there has been development in every sector under Hasina."Sheikh Hasina brought the country out of darkness to prosperity," AL Joint General Secretary MahbubulAlamHanif saidrecently . "The country has totally transformed in the last 10 years." But notwithstanding such accomplishments that has given the country strong macro economic fundamentals, the new third term government of PM Sheikh Hasina needs to take a fresh look at what things have remained rather skewed under her second consecutive term in power. It is now generally recognized that while the benefits of economic growth have generally trickled down to nearly a preponderant number of people in different degrees, economic disparity too has widened. Not most sections have benefited equally or proportionately from the higher economic growth and charges of wealth concentration are not unfounded. Thus the main economic challenge that would remain during the third term of the incumbents in power, is ensuring better distributive justice while ensuring growth. In other words, the greatest number in the population should be enabled to taste the fruits of 'inclusive economic growth' . Another all important aspect in project implementation would be fastest and efficient completion of projects in the planning and execution boards. Projects that are completed well in time are most wanted by people because these generate beneficial outcomes for them the moment these get completed in time. The opposite is the case when projects get inordinately delayed, get soaked up in corruption and cost overruns. To these aspects of project completion, the new government under PM Hasina must cast their eyes sternly. No compromise should be allowed to these ends. The banking sector is suffering considerably from the burden of loan defaulting. Election time considerations may have restrained the government from taking cut and dry drastic punitive and corrective actions against willful loan defaulters and outright swindlers. With the election over, these considerations should now cease. The well entrenched new government is expected to take decisive actions against these people showing no favour or fear in response to none. In sum, the government should take steps early in its current tenure to ensure anti-corruption measures in the banking sector and to truly promote transparency and accountability in it. Government in its present term is also much expected to promote highly job oriented technical and vocational education. The much wider skill training opportunities at nominal or no costs should be made available to people in government run programmes and organizations dedicated to this purpose. One year ago, BlackRock chairman and chief executive officer Larry Fink wrote a letter to 500 CEOs asking them to rethink their sense of purpose. "To prosper over time," he wrote, "every company must not only deliver financial performance, but also show how it makes a positive contribution to society." Fink argued that companies' excessive short-term focus was hurting their ability to create more value in the long run. Some prominent politicians - including US Senator Elizabeth Warren and (until Brexit torpedoed her policy agenda) British Prime Minister Theresa May - have also advocated a more inclusive and less predatory form of capitalism. But despite these calls to action, little has changed. The financial sector remains self-obsessed and invests mostly in other parts of finance, insurance and real estate. Companies also are overly financialized, spending more on share buybacks and dividends than on human capital, machinery, and research and development. The financial sector remains selfobsessed and invests mostly in other parts of finance, insurance and real estate. Companies also are overly financialized, spending more on share buybacks and dividends than on human capital, machinery, and research and development And the buyback mania is getting worse, including at companies like Apple, where falling innovation is not unrelated to the failure to reinvest. Many businesses talk soothingly about corporate social responsibility, impact, and social purpose, but very few put these at the core Samajwadi Party president Akhilesh Yadav (R) and Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) leader Mayawati take part in a press conference to announce their political alliance in Lucknow on January 12, 2019. Even as the Congress president, Rahul Gandhi, last week in Dubai came on strong, and blasted the Narendra Modi regime for 'four and half years of intolerance,' and held out the prospect of a progressive and liberal India if his party came to power in the 2019 general elections, the heart of Indian politics, Uttar Pradesh, with 80 seats, has queered the pitch by entering into a new political alliance. On Saturday, in Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh, the Samajwadi Party president (SP) chief, Akhilesh Yadav, and the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) leader, Mayawati, announced a political partnership that will contest 38 seats each. The SP primarily represents the powerful and propertied Yadavs and other forward castes in the state. The scheduled ('lower') castes form a little over 20 per cent of the population, and forms the base of BSP. Muslims, who figure nearly another 20 per cent, are another crucial vote bank, traditionally a resource of the Congress party. Reacting to the partnership rather pointedly announced in his absence, Gandhi welcomed the development. He said Yadav and Mayawati had every right to form an alliance. He did not see it as a threat to the political prospects of the Congress Party in the state, though in the 2014 elections the party won only two seats. Let’s get real about purpose mAriAnA mAzzUCATo of their operations. Fink claimed that companies should instead focus on a broader group of stakeholders: "shareholders, employees, customers, and the communities in which they operate." But this would require corporate governance structures that maximize stakeholder value, not shareholder value - and neither Fink nor other business luminaries seem willing to go down this "Scandinavian" path. Real change means putting purpose at the center of how value is defined by firms, governments, and the economic theory that informs policymakers. As I argue in my new book, Adam Smith and Karl Marx made the objective conditions of production - the division of labor, machinery, and capital-labor relations - central to their understanding of value. In neoclassical economics, however, value is merely a function of exchange. Only what has a price is valuable, and "collective" effort is omitted, because only individual decisions matter. Even wages are seen as outcomes of people's utility-maximizing choices between leisure and work. In the neoclassical view, governments at best redistribute value created elsewhere. Furthermore, gross domestic product doesn't account for the value of essential public services such as health care and education. It does, though, account for their costs (teachers' salaries, for example), so that civil servants cannot claim to be as "productive" as former Goldman Sachs CEO Lloyd Blankfein in 2009 infamously suggested his employees were. Unsurprisingly, public fink claimed that companies should instead focus on a broader group of stakeholders: "shareholders, employees, customers, and the communities in which they operate." But this would require corporate governance structures that maximize stakeholder value, not shareholder value - and neither fink nor other business luminaries seem willing to go down this "Scandinavian" path. Gandhi may be truly feeling at ease with the prospect of the new alliance. If only because the consolidation of the caste based votes will keep the BJP from getting a look in. The Uttar Pradesh state government is currently led by a hard-right Hindutva strongman, Yogi Adityanath, who has so far proven inept in administrative matters. Though politically a very important state, UP sorely lags in all development indices. Adityanath has alienated the Muslim population by his brand of politics. And since he is unapologetic about his saffron agenda, the lower castes too do not see eye-toeye with him. With the realigning of castes and votes, the chances are that the BJP will find the going hard in UP in summer when the general elections are scheduled to be held. Though the hopefuls in the BJP believe that the new alliance will keep the Congress away from getting a look in, from what Mayawati has said, the alliance's first enemy is the BJP. Soon after the announcement of the alliance, she said: "This will rob Narendra Modi of his sleep.' Make no mistake. These are words of C. P. SUrEnDrAn officials, long accused of "crowding out" business, have internalized the belief that they should do no more than fix market failures. Yet the public organizations that put a man on the moon and invented the Internet did more than just correct market failures. They had ambition, a purpose, and a mission. To get real about purpose, we need to recognize that value is created collectively and build more symbiotic partnerships between public and private institutions and civil society. In doing so, we must address three questions: what value to expediency. In the mid-90s Mayawati had formed a government in the state with the support of the BJP - but not before trying her luck with SP and the Congress. The new alliance's main grouse against the Congress has been that that a political understanding with that party does not help them to get new votes if the past is anything to go by. Essentially that means the party's base and cadre do not trust BSP. The BSP and SP may have hit it off for the moment to offer a united front to divide the spoils with the The new alliance's main grouse against the Congress has been that that a political understanding with that party does not help them to get new votes if the past is anything to go by. Essentially that means the party's base and cadre do not trust BSP. The BSP and SP may have hit it off for the moment to offer a united front to divide the spoils with the Congress in the near future. Congress in the near future. Or to bargain with the Congress at the right time, which is round the corner. If the Muslim population in the state finds faith in the leadership of a resurgent Rahul Gandhi, the fortunes in Indian parliament will change. Gandhi's speech in Dubai and else where in the Middle East repeatedly stressed on the liberal 'idea of India.' If nothing but a sound, it still holds hope for the minorities and the under privileged. As already said, the last is the core constituency of the BSP. Which perhaps explains the pre-emptive haste of Mayawati's new found create, how to evaluate the impact, and how to share the rewards. Paul Polman, the departing CEO of Unilever, has rightly tried to focus companies on creating value in line with substantial targets, especially the United Nations' 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Of course, neither the public nor the private sector alone can meet all 169 specific targets underpinning the SDGs. But governments can use the goals to create initiatives that require investment and innovation from many public, private, and civil-society organizations. I advocated this approach in a report that has become a key part of the European Commission's Horizon program. Similarly, companies evaluating their social impact should ditch fuzzy objectives and focus on concrete steps to help solve problems. Financial institutions would no longer evaluate their loans on the basis of categories of firms or countries, but rather in terms of activities that help fulfill specific missions - such as removing plastic from the ocean or creating more sustainable cities. Likewise, governments should give fewer handouts to companies and instead rely more on procurement and prize schemes to nurture corporate innovations aimed at achieving the SDGs. In other words, there should be less picking winners and more picking the willing. Finally, companies must share the rewards as well as the risks of creating value. Source : Asia times Grand alliance in india poses big challenge to modi While browsing social media, I witnessed a gruesome physical dispute among a group of young people that resulted in one of them being killed and two injured. I was shocked, not only by the dispute itself - over car parking, of all things - but by some public reactions. There were people who encouraged the violence, and even started to call for the collection of financial compensation, or diyah, to exempt the offender from the death penalty. Such incidents are worrying evidence that the security of this homeland may be compromised by tribal racism, the harm from which may range from abuse to murder. How can the law combat this? Islam is a religion that guarantees freedom and dignity for all, and Saudi Arabia is a state that guarantees all rights to all its citizens, but this tribalism distorts and undermines these guaranteed rights. With no dedicated law against tribal racism and a lack of specific penalties, cases are dealt with at the discretion of a judge and his evaluation of the circumstances. Most tribal racism cases are prosecuted under the Anti- Cybercrime Law, in particular Article 6, which imposes a prison sentence of up to five years and a fine of up to SR3 million ($800,000) on anyone convicted of producing or sharing content that violates private ethics and morals, or the private lives of other individuals. A clear and explicit law to criminalize this racism would, of course, preserve national unity and enable a victim to bring a lawsuit against anyone who breaks the law, whether morally or physically. Until such a law is adopted, Article 12 of the Basic Law of Saudi Arabia ensures that national unity must be maintained and strengthened, and prevents any act that affects this unity and leads to discrimination between the people of the homeland. The other issue we cannot ignore is the social media campaign to collect money to pay the diyah to exempt a member of one tribe from execution. Such campaigns have become a business, with its own traders and brokers, often called "blood brokers." Their task is to collect donations for diyat that can sometimes reach hundreds of millions of riyals, and there have been cases of theft and friendship with Yadav. The BJP is aware that the odds are stacking up against them. On the same day when Mayawati and Yadav announced their new found love for each other - years ago, both parties had come literally to blows - at a BJP convention, in Delhi, Modi more or less said he would be in the running as Prime Minister for a second term. That the BJP will field Modi as their PM candidate seems pretty much set and certain. But when a magician has run out of most of his tricks, it is not likely that the same audience will come back for his next show. If Mayawati or Yadav garners around even 50 per cent of the 78 seats they are contesting, they will be a great, determining force in Parliament. And if that happens, Mayawati - who has professed to such ambitions - may have an outside chance of becoming the PM of a motley alliance. It is possible. But as this writer has mentioned in these columns before, no matter who comes to power in the coming general elections, no leader is talking about hard economic decisions he or she will need to take. After trying out just about every political experiment permissible in a democracy, Indian political parties are still coming together or breaking apart in terms of castes and religion. It is perhaps a pointer to how little Indian society and politics have moved from its set ways. The more things change, the more things remain the same. Source : Gulf news Why tribal racism has no place in Saudi society DimAh TALAL ALShArif A clear and explicit law to criminalize this racism would, of course, preserve national unity and enable a victim to bring a lawsuit against anyone who breaks the law, whether morally or physically. Until such a law is adopted, Article 12 of the Basic Law of Saudi Arabia ensures that national unity must be maintained and strengthened, and prevents any act that affects this unity and leads to discrimination between the people of the homeland. exploitation. The Ministry of Media prohibits press coverage or publication of any advertisements to collect donations, donor names, account numbers, or anything that would cause an increase in demand for more than the legal fees in murder cases. Everyone has a duty to report such campaigns to the authorities, to mitigate the damage they cause and to reinforce the principles of peace and forgiveness called for by our religion and our country. Meanwhile, in the absence of a specific law, anyone harmed by tribal racism may file a complaint with the police, and the Public Prosecution will investigate. Legislative and social efforts must be combined to combat this phenomenon, which can be a major obstacle to the Kingdom's social development and impede attempts to promote integration and peace in society. It is also important to emphasize that these social and legislative efforts should be complemented by awareness that begins at home. Source : Arab news
HEALTH THURSdAY, JANUARY 17, 2019 5 Why exercise alone won’t save us Vybarr Cregan-Reid This is the time of year when trainers are mined from under beds and gym kits are disinterred from the bottom drawer. Google searches relating to physical fitness peak in January. Many people even trawl the web to find out about "desk exercises" and "workouts on the go" in case they are too busy to use their new gym memberships. Our relationship with exercise is complicated. Reports from the UK and the US show it is something we persistently struggle with. As the new year rolls around, we anticipate having the drive to behave differently and become regular exercisers, even in the knowledge that we will probably fail to do so. Why do we want to exercise? What do we expect it to do for us? We all know we are supposed to be exercising, but hundreds of millions of us can't face actually doing it. It is just possible the problem lies at the heart of the idea of exercise itself. Exercise is movement of the muscles and limbs for a specific outcome, usually to enhance physical fitness. As such, for most of us, it is an optional addition to the working day - yet another item on a long list of responsibilities alongside the fulfilment of parental duties or earning money to put food on the table. But because the principal beneficiary of exercise is ourselves, it is one of the easiest chores to shirk. At the end of the working day, millions of us prefer to indulge in sedentary leisure activities instead of what we all think is good for us: a workout. We need to step out of sedentary lifestyles. Fitness crazes are like diets: if any of them worked, there wouldn't be so many. CrossFit, the intensely physical, communal workout incorporating free weights, squats, pull-ups and so forth, is still less than 20 years old. Spin classes - vigorous group workouts on stationary bikes - have only been around for about 30. Aerobics was a craze about a decade before that, although many of its high-energy routines had already been around for a while. (The pastel horror of 1970s Jazzercise is probably best forgotten.) Before that, there was the jogging revolution, which began in the US in the early 1960s. The Joggers Manual, published in 1963 by the Oregon Heart Foundation, was a leaflet of about 200 words that sought to address the postwar panic about sedentary lifestyles by encouraging an accessible form of physical activity, explaining that "jogging is a bit more than a walk". The jogging boom took a few years to get traction, hitting its stride in the mid- to late- 80s, but it remains one of the most popular forms of exercise, now also in groups. The exercise craze that dominated the 1950s was, oddly, not even an exercise. The vibrating exercise belt Photo: Laurène Boglio promised users could achieve effortless weight loss by having their midriffs violently jiggled. It didn't work, but you can still find similar machines available for purchase today. These fads even came with their own particular fashions - legwarmers, leotards, Lycra. So is our obsession with fitness doomed to be the stuff of embarrassing passing "phases"? Is exercise itself a fad? t is not news that we are becoming more sedentary as a species. The problem has been creeping up on us for generations. As industry and technology solved the physical demands of manual labour, they created new challenges for the human body. Evidence about bone strength and density gleaned from fossils of early humans suggests that, for hundreds of thousands of years, normal levels of movement were much higher than ours today. And the range of work required of the human body to subsist was sizeable: everything from foraging for food and finding water to hunting, constructing basic shelters, manufacturing tools and evading predators. The fossil record tells us that many prehistoric humans were stronger and fitter than today's Olympians. A hundred years ago, while life was easier than it had been for our huntergatherer forebears, it was still required that shopping was fetched, floors scrubbed, wood chopped and washing done by hand. Modern urban environments do not invite anything like the same kinds of work from the body. It is not easy to clock up those miles when cities are built to prioritise cars and treat pedestrians as secondary. We are not assisted by our environments to move like we used to, for reasons tied up with motivation, safety and accessibility. Technological innovations have led to countless minor reductions of movement. To clean a rug in the 1940s, most people took it into their yard and whacked the bejeezus out of it for 20 minutes. Fast-forward a few decades and we can set robot vacuum cleaners to wander about our living rooms as we order up some shopping to be delivered, put on the dishwasher, cram a load into the washer-dryer, admire the self-cleaning oven, stack some machinecut logs in the grate, pour a glass of milk from the frostfree fridge or thumb a capsule into the coffee maker. Each of these devices and behaviours is making it a bit more difficult for us to keep moving regularly throughout our day. Cause of polycystic ovary syndrome discovered Alice Klein The most common cause of female infertility - polycystic ovary syndrome - may be caused by a hormonal imbalance before birth. The finding has led to a cure in mice, and a drug trial is set to begin in women later this year. Polycystic ovary syndrome affects up to one in five women worldwide, three-quarters of whom struggle to fall pregnant. The condition is typically characterised by high levels of testosterone, ovarian cysts, irregular menstrual cycles, and problems regulating sugar, but the causes have long been a mystery. "It's by far the most common hormonal condition affecting women of reproductive age but it hasn't received a lot of attention," says Robert Norman at the University of Adelaide in Australia. Treatments are available for helping affected women get pregnant, but their success rates are typically less than 30 per cent across five menstrual cycles. Now, Paolo Giacobini at the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research and his colleagues have found that the syndrome may be triggered before birth by excess exposure in the womb to a hormone called anti-Müllerian hormone. The researchers discovered that pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome have 30 per cent higher levels of anti-Müllerian hormone than normal. Since the syndrome is known to run in families, they wondered if this hormonal imbalance in pregnancy might induce the same condition in their daughters. To test this idea, they injected excess anti-Müllerian hormone into pregnant mice. As their female offspring grew up, they displayed many of the hallmarks of polycystic ovary syndrome, including later puberty, infrequent ovulation, delays in falling pregnant, and fewer offspring. The excess hormone seemed to trigger this effect by overstimulating a set of brain cells that raise the level of testosterone. The team were able to reverse this effect in the mice using cetrorelix, an IVF drug routinely used to control women's hormones. After treatment with this drug, the mice stopped showing symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome. The team is now planning a clinical trial of cetrorelix in women with the condition, which they hope to start before the end of the year. "It could be an attractive strategy to restore ovulation and eventually increase the pregnancy rate in these women," says Giacobini. "It's a radical new way of thinking about polycystic ovary syndrome and opens up a whole range of opportunities for further investigation," says Norman. If the syndrome is indeed passed from mothers to daughters via hormones in the womb, that could explain why it's been so hard to pinpoint any genetic cause of the disorder, says Norman. "It's something we've been stuck on for a long time," he says. The findings may also explain why women with the syndrome seem to get pregnant more easily in their late 30s and early 40s, says Norman. Anti- Müllerian hormone levels are known to decline with age, usually signalling reduced fertility. But in women who start out with high levels, age-related declines may bring them into the normal fertility range - although this still needs to be tested, says Norman. Polycystic ovaries are the most common cause of fertility issues in women. Photo: Science Photo Library Our workplaces are making us sick, but there are clever ways to be careful about germiest corners. Photo: Chris Turner How to avoid getting sick in the office Yvaine Ye The headlines are lurid. One 2012 University of Arizona study swabbed chairs, phones, keyboards, computer mice and desktops in offices in New York, San Francisco and Tucson, Arizona. It found traces of more than 500 different types of bacteria, the most abundant "common inhabitants of the human skin, nasal, oral or intestinal cavities". A study last year found that the "average desk contains 400 times more germs than a toilet seat". In excess of 130 million UK working days were lost to sickness in 2017, well over half of them due to complaints that could be picked up in the office, from colds and coughs to flu and gastroenteritis. Should we be donning hazmat suits at our desks? Probably not, says Sally Bloomfield at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, as focusing on how many microbes there are in the working environment is highly misleading. "We're constantly shedding stuff into our environment, but these organisms are mostly harmless," she says. Unless we are made to hot-desk (see "Winning at work: Why hot-desking and open-plan offices are bad for you"), our desks are our safe havens: the microbes there are largely our own. Besides the daily commute if you use public transport, the danger zones at work are communal areas, says Bloomfield, especially shared surfaces Which fitness policy to adopt and which to ignore Sam Wong Do you start your day with a visit to a hyperbaric oxygen chamber? Or do you prefer to stare at the sun while doing yoga? These are among the rituals of four "wellness" obsessives who were profiled by The Times on 12 January. The pursuit of good health is, of course, to be encouraged, but it's hardly surprising that some of the measures they reported - such as Himalayan salt lamps and a device called the "HumanCharger" - raised a few eyebrows on social media. Devotees of wellness clearly have a strong interest in the science of human health, and many of their habits have some basis in research. However, they could perhaps do with a little help at sifting evidence-based lifestyle advice from pseudoscientific guff. For anyone hoping to improve their own health, we've picked out a few of the good bits from their daily routines - and a few you should probably ignore. Sun staring - "I sun-stare because the UV rays aren't harmful to my retina the first hour after sunrise," Dasha Maximov told The Times. Though fewer UV rays will hit your retina when the sun is not yet up, they are still harmful. Staring at the sun is not a good idea at any time. HumanCharger - "It looks like an iPod and shines light into my ear to give me energy," says photographer Alex Beer. Light therapy may be useful for all sorts of things, including depression and neurological diseases, but it works best through the eyes. Seawater supplements - Tim Gray, a digital marketing agency CEO, said he takes Quinton Isotonic - "a supplement that comes from plankton and contains enzymes that help me stay hydrated". According to one website selling these products, they are 29 per cent sea water and 71 per cent spring water, so a 10 ml shot of it is unlikely to do anything much. Brain-enhancing drugs - Gray also takes aniracetam, a drug he says "switches my brain on and gives me clearer thinking". Though studies have found a benefit in patients with dementia, there is minimal evidence that the drug is helpful to people with normal cognitive function. Staying hydrated - "I wake up and immediately rehydrate," says Beer. Gray has a spreadsheet recording his hydration. Wellness enthusiasts seem to have a particular concern about staying hydrated, but the truth is if you just obey your thirst, you'll be fine. Ditching processed food - We're told we must eschew processed food, but there's no good reason to do so. They have helped us overcome hunger and reduce waste. Yoga and meditation - Yoga has wellestablished benefits for physical strength and psychological health. Mindfulness meditation can alleviate depression and anxiety, improve learning, and perhaps even slow ageing. There is also evidence that yoga and meditation can dampen the activity of genes associated with inflammation. To enhance their benefits further, you can even combine them with brain zapping. Avoid blue light in the evening - There is growing evidence that exposure to blue light in the evening disrupts our circadian rhythms and affects the quality of sleep. Switching off screens before bed, or using an app to filter out blue light, may be helpful. "When I'm working on the computer, I use a program that dims the screen according to the sun's timing in my location, Thinking of getting into wellness? Here's a helpful guide. Photo: Getty and I wear blue-light-blocking glasses," says Maximov. Get plenty of sleep - Gray has analysed his sleep for four years and found that seven hours and forty-one minutes' sleep is "the perfect amount for me". Getting less than seven hours' sleep raises your risk of obesity, heart disease, depression and early death.
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