Medieval Nubian Wall Paintings
The papers in this volume are the results of an extensive programme of research based on investigations of samples of Nubian mural paintings from the Middle Nile Valley dating from the 6th to the 14th century AD. Many of these samples came from paintings which are now in the National Museum, Khartoum and the National Museum in Warsaw. Others came from current archaeological excavations in Sudan. The composition of plasters, pigments and binders and lime washes are reported in detail together with an overview of previous and present conservation and transfer procedures. The data collected show the changes in painting methods and materials over time and the possible associated implications in terms of patronage, trading links, economy etc.
The papers in this volume are the results of an extensive programme of research based on investigations of samples of Nubian mural paintings from the Middle Nile Valley dating from the 6th to the 14th century AD. Many of these samples came from paintings which are now in the National Museum, Khartoum and the National Museum in Warsaw. Others came from current archaeological excavations in Sudan.
The composition of plasters, pigments and binders and lime washes are reported in detail together with an overview of previous and present conservation and transfer procedures. The data collected show the changes in painting methods and materials over time and the possible associated implications in terms of patronage, trading links, economy etc.
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MEDIEVAL NUBIAN WALL PAINTINGS<br />
Figure 6.5 Microphotograph of sample D_CB.III_14 with organic fibres highlighted.<br />
Figure 6.6 Large fibres of vegetal origin separated from the<br />
lower layer of sample D_CB.III_17.<br />
Figure 6.8 Cross-section of Banganarti plaster sample B_U_9.<br />
Figure 6.7 Locations for micromechanical testing.<br />
Besides binder and aggregates, the lower layer of<br />
sample D_CB.III_14 also contains organic fibres (Fig.<br />
6.5). It was possible to separate and measure some<br />
larger fragments (Fig. 6.6): their widths vary between<br />
0.4 and 1.3 mm and lengths between 5.3 and 2.8 mm.<br />
Their taxonomy was not determined but the fibres<br />
were probably from a member of the Poaceae family<br />
(grasses). The use of plant fibres in lime mortar, particularly<br />
flax, is known from the Byzantine technique<br />
of wall painting and was described by Dionysius of<br />
Fourna (1981) in his manual. Lucas (1934) mentions<br />
the use of straw in clay plasters in ancient Egypt. The<br />
presence of organic matter in the sample motivated<br />
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