How Magnificently Passive

TANANYAGCSOMAGOK PASSIVE VOICE MANAGE YOUR ENGLISH 

How Magnificently Passive – Charles Dickens / The Surprise Party / Asimov: Foundation and Earth - The Decision / The Titanic Oldal 1/35


Válaszoljon egész mondatokban, írásban az alábbi kérdésekre az olvasmány alapján. A kérdésekben előforduló ismeretlen 

szavakat keresse ki online szótárban. A megoldásokat a 4. oldalon találja. 

Charles Dickens is much loved for his great contribution to classic English literature. He 

was an English writer and social critic. He created some of the world's most memorable 

fictional characters and is generally regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian 

period. Every place he visited, every person he met used to be drawn into his 

imagination and reappear in a novel. 

He was born in Portsmouth on 7 February 1812, to John and Elizabeth Dickens. He was 

sent to school at the age of nine, however only for a short time, because his father, 

inspiration for the character of Mr Micawber in 'David Copperfield', was imprisoned for 

bad debt. The entire family, apart from Charles, were shut up in Marshalsea. During this 

time, Charles was sent to work in Warren's blacking factory and endured appalling 

conditions as well as loneliness and despair. After three years he was returned to school, 

but the experience was never forgotten and became fictionalised in two of his betterknown 

novels: 'David Copperfield' and 'Great Expectations'. 

Like many others, he began his literary career as a journalist. Charles began with the 

journals 'The Mirror of Parliament' and 'The True Sun'. Then in 1833 he became 

parliamentary journalist for The Morning Chronicle. Due to his new contacts in the press 

a series of sketches were published under the pseudonym 'Boz'. In April 1836, he 

married Catherine Hogarth, daughter of George Hogarth who edited 'Sketches by Boz'. 

Within the same month the highly successful 'Pickwick Papers' were published, and from 

that point on there was no looking back for Dickens. 

As well as a huge list of novels he published autobiography, edited weekly periodicals 

including 'Household Words' and 'All Year Round', wrote travel books and administered 

charitable organisations. He was also a theatre enthusiast, wrote plays and performed 

before Queen Victoria in 1851. His energy was inexhaustible and he spent much time 

abroad: he gave lectures against slavery in the United States and he toured Italy with 

companions like Augustus Egg and Wilkie Collins, a contemporary writer who inspired 

Dickens' final unfinished novel 'The Mystery of Edwin Drood'. 

He was estranged from his wife in 1858 after their tenth child was born, but he 

maintained relations with his mistress, the actress Ellen Ternan. He died of a stroke in 

1870. He is buried at Westminster Abbey. 

1. Why is Dickens regarded to be a great figure of 

English literature? 

2. How did he create his characters for his novels? 

3. Why was his father sent to prison? 

4. What did Dickens do after he left school? 

5. What was his experience in the factory like? 

6. How did he begin his literary career? 

7. What were his new contacts good for? 

8. Who is ‘Boz’? 

9. Why is ‘Pickwick Papers’ considered to be a 

milestone in his life? 

10. What did he write, edit and publish? 

11. What did he do in 1851? 

12. What was his attitude to slavery? 

13. What was his family life like towards the end of 

his life? Was it well-balanced? 

14. Where is his grave? 





1. Why is Dickens regarded to be a great figure of English 

literature? 

Because he contributed a lot to classic English literature: he is 

regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian period. 

2. How did he create his characters for his novels? Every person he met used to be drawn into his imagination and 

reappear in a novel. / He drew every person he met into his 

imagination and they reappeared in a novel. 

3. Why was his father sent to prison? He was sent to prison for bad debt. 

4. What did Dickens do after he left school? He was sent to work / went to work to Warren’s blacking 

factory. 

5. What was his experience in the factory like? He endured / experienced appalling conditions, loneliness, and 

despair. 

6. How did he begin his literary career? He began his literary career as a journalist. 

7. What were his new contacts good for? Due to them a series of sketches were published. 

8. Who is ‘Boz’? ‘Boz’ is Dickens’ pseudonym. 

9. Why is ‘Pickwick Papers’ considered to be a milestone in Because they were successful. 

his life? 

10. What did he write, edit and publish? He wrote, edited and published: 

autobiography 

weekly periodicals 

travel books 

plays 

11. What did he do in 1851? He performed before Queen Victoria. 

12. What was his attitude to slavery? He was against it. 

13. What was his family life like towards the end of his life? It was not balanced. 

Was it well-balanced? 

14. Where is his grave? It’s at Westminster Abbey. 

Olvassa el újra a szöveget a következő oldalakon, fordítsa le, majd hallgassa meg. 



1. C H A R L E S D I C K E N S 

Charles Dickens is much loved for his great contribution 

to 1 classic English literature 2 . He was an English writer 3 

and social 4 critic 5 . He created 6 some of the world's most 

memorable 7 fictional 8 characters 9 and is generally 

regarded as 10 the greatest novelist 11 of the Victorian 12 

period 13 . Every place he visited, every person he met used to be drawn into 14 his 

imagination 15 and reappear 16 in a novel 17 . 

He was born 181 in Portsmouth on 7 February 1812, to John and Elizabeth 

Dickens. He was sent 19 to school at the age of 20 nine, however only for a short 

time, because his father, inspiration 21 for the character 9 of Mr Micawber in 

'David Copperfield', was imprisoned 22 for bad debt 23 . The entire 24 family, apart 

from 25 Charles, were shut up in 26 Marshalsea. During this time, Charles was 

sent 19 to work in Warren's blacking factory 27 and endured 28 appalling 29 

conditions 30 as well as 31 loneliness 32 and despair 33 . After three years he was 

returned to 34 school, but the experience 35 was never forgotten and became 36 

fictionalised 37 in two of his better-known 38 novels 17 : 'David Copperfield' and 

'Great Expectations 39 '. 

Like 40 many others, he began his literary 41 career 42 as a journalist 43 . Charles 

began with the journals 44 'The Mirror 45 of Parliament' and 'The True 46 Sun 47 '. 

Then in 1833 he became 36 parliamentary 48 journalist 43 for The Morning 

Chronicle 49 . Due to 50 his new contacts 51 in the press 52 a series of 53 sketches 54 

were published 55 under the pseudonym 56 'Boz'. In April 1836, he married 57 

Catherine Hogarth, daughter of George Hogarth who edited 58 'Sketches 54 by 

Boz'. Within 59 the same 60 month the highly 61 successful 62 'Pickwick Papers' were 

published 55 , and from that point on 63 there was no looking back 64 for Dickens. 

1.hozzájárulás vmihez 

2.irodalom 

3.író 

4.társadalmi, társadalom-… 

5.kritikus 

6.létrehoz, megalkot 

7.feledhetetlen 

8.kitalált, regényhős 

9.jellem, egyéniség 

10.vmiként tekintik 

11.regényíró 

12.Viktória-korabeli 

13.időszak 

14.belevon vmibe 

15.képzelet 

16.újjászületik 

17.regény 

18.született 

19.küld 

20.… korában 

21.ihlet(és) 

22.bebörtönöz 

23.adósság 

24.teljes, egész 

25.vkitől eltekintve 

26.bezár vhová 

27.cipőpaszta üzem 

28.elszenved, átél 

29.lesújtó, rémes 

30.körülmény, állapot 

31.csakúgy mint 

32.magány 

33.kétségbeesés 

34.visszaküld 

35. tapasztalat 

36. válik vmilyenné 

37. regényben megír 

38. jobban ismert 

39. reménység, várakozás 

40. mint 

41. irodalmi 

42. életpálya, karrier 

43. újságíró(ként) 

44. folyóirat, hírlap 

45. tükör 

46. igaz, hű, hiteles 

47. nap (égitest) 

48. parlamenti 

49. krónika 

50. köszönhetően vminek 

51. kapcsolat 

52. sajtó 

53. sorozata vminek 

54. karcolat 

55. kiad, publikál 

56. álnév 

57. feleségül vesz 

58. szerkeszt (sajtó) 

59. belül (idő, tér) 

60. ugyanaz 

61. nagymértékben 

62. sikeres 

63. ettől a pillanattól fogva 

64. visszatekintés / pillantás 

1 bear, bore born = elvisel; megszül; hordoz, stb. He was born … = Őt szülték … = Megszületett …(szószerinti fordítás) 



As well as 31 a huge 65 list 66 of novels 17 he published 55 autobiography 66 , edited 58 weekly 67 

periodicals 68 including 69 'Household 70 Words' and 'All Year Round 71 ', wrote travel 72 

books and administered 73 charitable 74 organisations 75 . He was also a theatre 

enthusiast 76 , wrote plays 77 and performed before 78 Queen Victoria in 1851. His energy 

was inexhaustible 79 and he spent 80 much time abroad 81 : he gave lectures 82 against 83 

slavery 84 in the United States and he toured 85 Italy with companions 86 like 40 Augustus 

Egg and Wilkie Collins, a contemporary 87 writer who inspired 88 Dickens' final 89 

unfinished 90 novel 17 'The Mystery 91 of Edwin Drood'. He was estranged from 92 his wife 

in 1858 after their tenth child was born 18 , but 

he maintained 93 relations with 94 his 

mistress 95 , the actress 96 Ellen Ternan. He 

died of 97 a stroke 98 in 1870. He is buried 99 at 

Westminster Abbey 100 . 

65. óriási 

66. lista 

67. önéletrajz 

68. folyóirat 

69. beleértve 

70. háztartási, háztáji 

71. egész évben 

72. utazás(i) 

73. intéz, irányít, vezet 

74. jótékonysági 

75. szervezet 

76. rajongója vminek 

77. színdarab 

78. fellép/szerepel vki 

előtt 

79. fáradhatatlan 

80. tölt (időt) 

81. külföld(ön) 

82. előadást tart 

83. vmi ellen 

84. rabszolgaság 

85. bejárja, beutazza 

86. társ 

87. kortársi 

88. ihlet, inspirál 

89. utolsó, végső 

90. befejezetlen 

91. rejtély 

92. elfordul vkitől 

93. fenntart 

94. kapcsolat vkivel 

95. szerető (női) 

96. színésznő 

97. meghal vmiben 

98. agyvérzés 

99. eltemet 

100. apátság 

Írjon életrajzot (350 szó) kedvenc írójáról / zenészéről / festőjéről, vagy bárkiről, aki valamivel felkeltette az Ön 

érdeklődését. 



Olvassa el az alábbi szöveget és döntse el, hogy igazak-e (), vagy hamisak () a következő állítások? A megoldásokat a 9. 

oldalon találja. 

A surprise party has been being organised by her friends for months now. 

Most part of the preparations have been being made by Tina and Elmer, they 

are really professionals. Pam will be invited by Mike (he is her best friend) 

for a tea on Friday night. She will be told an invented story about Mike’s 

‘problem at his office’ and Mike recons she won’t be able to say ‘No’ to him. 

Anyway, he will make an appointment with Pam at the cafe, that is, she will 

be tempted to go there, where all her friends will be waiting for her. The 

light will be dim in the cafe and right before she enters the sparklers on the 

cake will be lighted, the candles will have been lighted beforehand. 

Everything must be timed perfectly. 

A huge birthday cake will be baked with 30 candles and a lot of sparklers on 

the top. In the centre of the cafe a table will be set up and all the presents can 

be put on it. Everybody likes Pam very much so probably a huge table is 

needed as Pam is going to be given a lot of presents. Pam will be seated at 

this table and she will be given the presents there. She will have to open 

them one by one. I’ll give her a street map of Manhattan; it is a special one: it 

contains a lot of beautiful photos of the monuments and a lot of vital 

information for tourists. She will be written a beautiful song by Mike and 

Tina – they are musicians and composers, you haven’t met them, they are a 

nice couple – and Pam will be sung the song by the people who will show up 

in the cafe. She will also be given two tickets for the Madonna concert. But of 

course, she’ll be given books, perfumes, CDs, jewellery, flowers, oh, and I’ve 

almost forgotten: she’s been painted a still life by Roderick. Some day 

(probably after his death ) it will be extremely valuable. (just kidding! – 

Roderick’s paintings have already been exhibited in some galleries of high 

respect!!!) 

1. Tina and Elmer have been organising the 

party. 

2. Pam thinks on Friday night Mike wants to 

meet her because he wants to complain to 

her about problems in his office. 

3. The cafe will be illuminated before Pam 

enters. 

4. Perfect timing is very important. 

5. Somebody will bake a huge birthday cake. 

6. It’s Pam’s 25 th birthday. 

7. There will be a table in the centre for the 

presents. 

8. Pam will be sitting at the table and she will 

pick up her presents one by one and open 

them. 

9. Pam will also give a lot of presents to her 

friends. 

10. Pam will sing a song written by Mike and 

Tina. 

11. Roderick will paint a still life for her. 

12. Laura thinks that maybe Roderick is going to 

become a well-known artist. 





1. Tina and Elmer have been organising the party. 

2. Pam thinks on Friday night Mike wants to meet her because he wants to complain to her about problems in his 

office. 

3. The cafe will be illuminated before Pam enters. 

The light will be dim. 

4. Perfect timing is very important. 

5. Somebody will bake a huge birthday cake. 

6. It’s Pam’s 25 th birthday. 

There are 30 candles on the cake. 

7. There will be a table in the centre for the presents. 

8. Pam will be sitting at the table and she will pick up her presents one by one and open them. 

Her friends will pick up their presents to Pam from the table and give them to her. 

9. Pam will also give a lot of presents to her friends. 

Pam will be given presents. (szenvedő, kéttárgyas ige) 

10. Pam will sing a song written by Mike and Tina. 

She will be sung the song. (szenvedő, kéttárgyas ige, azaz: ‘neki fognak énekelni’) 

11. Roderick will paint a still life for her. 

12. Laura thinks that maybe Roderick is going to become a well-known artist. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Olvassa el, fordtítsa le és hallgassa meg az előbbi szöveget. 



2. A S U R P R I S E 1 P A R T Y 

Dear Barbara, 

I really must apologise 2 . I haven’t written to you 

for such a long time because recently 3 I’ve been 

busy 4 indeed 5 , I really didn’t know which way to 

turn 6 . I have changed jobs 7 and it is not very easy 

to learn everything at my new place; actually, 

I’ve been thrown in at the deep end 8 . 

Now I am writing because I want to invite you 

and Bob to Pam’s surprise birthday party. Pam 

will have her birthday next Friday. The situation 9 is very funny now, as Pam 

thinks her friends and colleagues 10 do not think about 11 her at all 12 , because none 

of them have invited her for 13 a drink so far 14 , and when she is trying to organise 15 

a little party at her place 16 for the weekend, nobody seems very enthusiastic 17 . She 

has been told various 18 excuses 19 , like 20 ‘Sorry, I’ll have to travel to the 

countryside 21 , to visit my parents’, ‘I’ll have to do the washing 22 and cleaning 23 ’, or 

‘There’s a baseball match on TV’, and so on 24 . She is really disappointed 25 . What is 

more 26 , her boyfriend, Ian will be abroad 27 , too (a business trip 28 , he says, but of 

course it is not true 29 ). She just 30 can’t understand. It’s so 31 exciting 32 . 

As a matter of fact 33 , a surprise 1 party has been being organised 15 by her friends 

for months now. Most part of 34 the preparations 35 have been being made by Tina 

and Elmer, they are really professionals 36 . Pam will be invited 13 by Mike (he is her 

best friend) for a tea 37 (imagine 38 : a tea!!!) on Friday night. She will be told an 

invented 39 story about Mike’s ‘problem at his office’ and Mike recons 40 she won’t 

be able to say ‘No’ to 41 him. Anyway, he will make an appointment with 42 Pam at 

the cafe 43 , that is 44 , she will be tempted to 45 go there, where all her friends will be 

waiting for her. The light 46 will be dim 47 in the cafe 43 and right 48 before she enters 

the sparklers 49 on the cake will be lighted 50 , the candles 51 will have been lighted 50 

beforehand 52 . Everything must be timed 53 perfectly 54 . 

1. meglepetés 

2. bocsánatot kér 

3. az utóbbi időben 

4. elfoglalt 

5. valóban 

6. azt sem tudja, hol áll a 

feje 

7. állást változtat 

8. bedobja a mélyvízbe 

9. helyzet 

10. kolléga 

11. gondol vkire 

12. egyáltalán 

13. vkit meghív vmire 

14. eddig 

15. szervez 

16. nála, otthon 

17. lelkes 

18. különféle 

19. kifogás 

20. úgymint 

21. vidék 

22. mosás 

23. takarítás 

24. és így tovább 

25. csalódott 

26. s mi több 

27. külföldön van 

28. üzleti út 

29. igaz 

30. egyszerűen 

31. annyira, olyan 

32. izgalmas 

33. ami azt illeti 

34. vmi legnagyobb 

része 

35. előkészület 

36. szakértő, hivatásos 

37. uzsonna (késői) 

38. elképzel 

39. kitalált 

40. vél, gondol 

41. nemet mond 

42. találkozót beszél 

meg 

43. kávézó 

44. azaz 

45. csábít, kísért 

46. világítás 

47. halvány, tompa 

48. éppen, pont 

49. csillagszóró 

50. meggyújt 

51. gyertya 

52. előzőleg 

53. időzít 

54. tökéletesen 



A huge birthday cake will be baked 55 with 30 candles 51 and a lot of sparklers 49 on 

the top 56 . In the centre of 57 the cafe 43 a table will be set up 58 and all the presents 59 

can be put on it. Everybody likes Pam very much so probably 60 a huge 61 table is 

needed 62 as Pam is going to be given 63 a lot of presents 59 . Pam will be seated 64 at 

this table and she will be given 63 the presents 59 there. She will have to open them 

one by one 65 . I’ll give her a street map of 66 Manhattan; it is a special one: it 

contains 67 a lot of beautiful photos of the monuments 68 and a lot of vital 69 

information 70 for tourists. She will be written a beautiful song 71 by Mike and Tina – 

they are musicians 72 and composers 73 , you haven’t met them, they are a nice 

couple 74 – and Pam will be sung 75 the song 71 by the people who will show up 76 in 

the cafe 43 . She will also 77 be given 63 two tickets 78 for the Madonna concert. But of 

course, she’ll be given 63 books, perfumes 79 , CDs, jewellery 80 , flowers, oh, and I’ve 

almost forgotten: she’s been painted 81 a still life 82 by Roderick. Some day 83 

(probably 60 after his death 84 ) it will be extremely 85 valuable 86 . (just kidding 87 ! – 

Roderick’s paintings 88 have already been exhibited 89 in some galleries of high 

respect 90 !!!) 

I hope you will be able to come along 91 . 

Please answer ASAP 2 . It’s really urgent 92 . 

Love, Laura 

P.S. I have a new boyfriend. I can hardly wait to 93 introduce 94 him to you! 

55. (sütit) süt 

56. a tetején 

57. vmi központi 

részén 

58. felállít 

59. ajándék 

60. valószínűleg 

61. óriási 

62. szükséges 

63. ad, ajándékoz 

64. ültet 

65. egyenként 

66. vmi utcatérképe 

67. tartalmaz 

68. emlékmű 

69. létfontosságú 

70. tájékoztatás 

71. dal 

72. zenész 

73. zeneszerző 

74. (házas)pár 

75. elénekel 

76. megjelenik 

77. szintén 

78. jegy 

79. parfüm 

80. ékszer 

81. fest 

82. csendélet 

83. egy nap 

84. halál 

85. rendkívül 

86. értékes 

87. csak viccelek 

88. festmény 

89. kiállít 

90. elismert 

91. eljön 

92. sürgős 

93. alig várom 

94. bemutat 

2 ASAP = as soon as possible = amint lehetséges 



3. T R E V I Z E H A S M A D E H I S D E C I S I O N 

(based on the novel: Foundation and Earth by Isaac Asimov) 



1. Olvassa el az alábbi állításokat, majd hallgassa meg a következő szöveget kétszer vagy háromszor, és döntse el a 

szöveg alapján az állításokról, hogy igazak () vagy hamisak-e (). A megoldásokat a 15. oldalon találja. 

Az állításokban előforduló ismeretlen szavakat, kifejezéseket keresse ki online szótárból. 

1. The passengers of the Far Star had saved a creature from death on Solaria; Fallom is a human being, however 

different. 

2. Trevize was important for Gaia and the galaxy because he was an isolate. 

3. Trevize is now sure that he had made the right decision, but he still feels uneasy. 

4. Gaia, the organic planet makes Trevize uneasy. 

5. After he had found information on Earth’s location, he set out to find it. 

6. Human species were originally confined to a single planet. 

7. As Earth was radioactive, Trevize decided to search its huge satellite for something that probably had been 

hidden there. 

8. Bliss could sense something new while they were flying around the satellite. 

9. Daneel could tamper with people’s minds. 

10. The Laws of Robotics prevented Daneel and his fellow robots from succeeding in creating a safe future for 

mankind. 

11. Daneel tempted Trevize to the huge satellite of Earth because he wanted to be told more about human history. 

12. At the end of the story Trevize realises the new danger from the inside of the galaxy. 





1. The passengers of the Far Star had saved a creature from death on Solaria; Fallom is a human being, however 

different. 

2. Trevize was important for Gaia and the galaxy because he was an isolate. 

No, he had a special capacity: he could make the right decision on incomplete data. 

3. Trevize is now sure that he had made the right decision, but he still feels uneasy. 

4. Gaia, the organic planet makes Trevize uneasy. 

5. After he had found information on Earth’s location, he set out to find it. 

All information on Earth’s location had been hidden or removed, so missing. 

6. Human species were originally confined to a single planet. 

It’s only according to the legends, but we don’t know for sure. 

7. As Earth was radioactive, Trevize decided to search its huge satellite for something that probably had been hidden 

there. 

8. Bliss could sense something new while they were flying around the satellite. 

9. Daneel could tamper with people’s minds. 

10. The Laws of Robotics prevented Daneel and his fellow robots from succeeding in creating a safe future for 

mankind. 

11. Daneel tempted Trevize to the huge satellite of Earth because he wanted to be told more about human history. 

No, Daneel wanted to tell Trevize more about human history. 

12. At the end of the story Trevize realises the new danger from the inside of the galaxy. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Olvassa el figyelmesen az imént hallott szöveget a következő oldalakon, hallgassa meg, majd fordítsa le. 

Írjon fogalmazást (400 szó) egyik kedvenc könyvének / filmjének / színházi előadásának, stb. egyik részletéről. 



T R E V I Z E H A S M A D E H I S 

D E C I S I O N 1 

(based on the final part of the novel: 

Foundation 2 and Earth by Isaac Asimov) 

... The Far Star 3 , the gravitic ship 4 of the 

Foundation had landed 5 on the moon of the Earth 

many hours before. Its four passengers 6 were 

Golan Trevize, the exiled 7 Councilman 8 and Janov 

Pelorat, the scientist (a historian) from the 

Foundation. There was Gaia, the organic 9 planet on board 10 , too. Of course, not the 

whole planet; it was represented by 11 Bliss, a human component 12 of the planet. 

Last but not least 13 Fallom, the hermaphroditic 14 and transductive 15 humanoid 16 

creature 17 – a child – from the Solaria who they had saved from 18 death 19 . Their 

mission was to decide on 20 the future direction 21 of mankind and by Gaia Golan 

Trevize was considered 22 to be the clue figure 23 . His worth to 24 them was that he 

had the capacity for 25 making the right decision on incomplete 26 data 27 . 

Moreover 28 , he was an isolate 29 , not part of 30 Gaia. 

For the time being 31 , their mission, to save the galaxy from 32 further wars, 

anarchy 33 , chaos 34 and alien 35 attacks 36 , seemed to end 37 here. The ship had been 

guided 38 into an opening 39 of a rock and through a corridor 40 into a gigantic 41 hall 

that seemed the hollowed 42 interior 43 of a mountain 44 . They were met by 45 Daneel 

there when they were leaving the ship. He was tall, and his expression 46 was 

grave 47 . He was wearing rather old-fashioned 48 clothes you can see in ancient 49 

history books. He spoke galactic 50 with perfect ease 51 . ‘My name is R. Daneel 

Olivaw. I am a robot. This fact is indicated 52 in my name by the letter 53 R.’ ... 

1. meghozza a 

döntését 

2. alapítvány 

3. Távoli Csillag 

4. gravitációs űrhajó 

5. leszáll 

6. utas 

7. száműzött 

8. tanácsos 

9. szerves 

10. a fedélzeten 

11. képviseli vki 

12. emberi összetevő 

13. végül, de nem utolsó 

sorban 

14. hermafrodita, 

kétnemű 

15. energia átalakító 

16. emberszerű 

17. teremtmény 

18. megment vmitől 

19. halál 

20. határoz vmivel 

kapcsolatban 

21. irány 

22. tekint vminek 

23. kulcs figura 

24. érték vki számára 

25. képessége van 

vmire 

26. hiányos 

27. adatok 

28. hovatovább 

29. szigetember (nem 

része egy 

nagyobbnak) 

30. része vminek 

31. egyelőre 

32. megment vmitől 

33. anarchia 

34. káosz 

35. földönkívüli 

36. támadás 

37. befejeződik 

38. kalauzol 

39. nyílás 

40. folyosó 

41. gigantikus, hatalmas 

42. kivájt 

43. belső tér 

44. hegy 

45. vki elé megy 

46. arckifejezés 

47. komoly, ünnepélyes 

48. ódivatú 

49. ősi 

50. galaktikus nyelv 

51. tökéletes 

könnyedséggel 

52. mutat, jelez 

53. betű 



... Golan Trevize – after he had been 

thinking for a few hours, and after 

long conversations and debates 54 

with Bliss, Pelorat and Daneel, – 

made his decision: ‘Galaxia, an 

organic galaxy. But is there enough 

time?’ he contemplated 55 . 

He remembered 56 Gaia, the organic planet. There Trevize was surrounded 57 by 

tameness 58 . The temperature was always comfortable 59 , the air moved 

pleasantly 60 , refreshing 61 but not chilling 62 , the trees grew 63 in regular spacings 64 , 

like an orchard 65 . The land and sea were stocked with 66 plant 67 and animal 68 life in 

proper numbers 69 and in the proper variety 70 to provide 71 an appropriate 72 

ecological 73 balance 74 . 

Houses of the human components of Gaia tended to 75 be simple 76 . Actually 77 , the 

whole planet was a house, it was ‘designed’ to 78 shelter 79 its inhabitants 80 . 

Everything seemed so idyllic 81 . Gaia had a global 82 , organic memory 83 , too. 

Everything that ever had happened to the planet, the plants and animals and its 

human parts were stored 84 in this global memory. However, Trevize felt uneasy 

about 85 his decision. He, an isolate, needed privacy 86 . He couldn’t imagine 87 to be a 

part of the whole 88 or to be limited by 89 the whole. 

He was confused 90 . He needed more time. To be absolutely sure about 91 his 

decision he felt he needed to find Earth, the cradle 92 of human civilisation 93 . But 

Earth was hidden 94 . All records 95 and references on 96 Earth had been removed 

from 97 the Trantorian 3 Library 98 . Gaia was founded 99 about eighteen thousand 

years ago. It means Gaia’s memory reaches back 100 to exactly 101 that time but not 

earlier. According to 102 the legends 103 human species 104 were originally 105 

confined to 106 a single planet and that planet was Earth. Gaia was founded in the 

early days of hyperspatial 107 travel. But in Gaia’s memory there is no trace of 108 

Earth, either. ‘How is it possible 109 ?’ he thought. 

54. vita 

55. elmélkedik 

56. eszébe jut, 

visszaemlékezik 

57. körülvesz 

58. szelídség 

59. kényelmes 

60. kellemesen 

61. üdítően 

62. fagyos 

63. növekszik 

64. rendes 

térközönként 

65. gyümölcsöskert 

66. ellát vmivel 

67. növény(i) 

68. állat(i) 

69. megfelelő számban 

70. változatosság 

71. nyújt, ad 

72. megfelelő 

73. ökológiai 

74. egyensúly 

75. hajlamos vmire 

76. egyszerű 

77. tulajdonképpen 

78. úgy tervezték, hogy 

... 

79. óv, védelmet nyújt 

80. lakos 

81. idilli 

82. mindent átfogó 

83. memória 

84. elraktároz 

85. kényelmetlenül érzi 

magár vmi miatt 

86. magánszféra, 

elvonultság 

87. elképzel 

88. egész 

89. korlátozza vmi 

90. zavarban van 

91. biztos vmiben 

92. bölcső 

93. civilizáció 

94. elrejt 

95. feljegyzés 

96. utalás vmire 

97. eltávolít vhonnan 

98. könyvtár 

99. alapít 

100. visszanyúlik 

101. pontosan 

102. vmi szerint 

103. legenda 

104. faj 

105. eredetileg 

106. korlátozva van 

vmire 

107. hipertérbeli 

108. nyoma sincs vminek 

109. lehetséges 

3 In Isaac Asimov’s Foundation-novels Trantor is the capital planet of the Galactic Empire. 



Later, when after a long and dangerous journey he ultimately 110 

found Earth he discovered 111 that it was radioactive 112 . No life 

was possible there. For a while 113 he was lost in confusion 114 . 

He sort of 115 knew that the right decision had been made on the 

favour of 116 Galaxia, but he was still not perfectly convinced 117 . 

He vaguely 118 felt he needed something more. At this point 119 

his eyes wandered 120 onto the screen of the computer and he 

caught sight of 121 the gigantic satellite of Earth, the Moon. Then 

he knew. If something important had been on the Earth before it became radioactive this 

thing was hidden in the vicinity 122 . People usually tend to 123 ignore 124 moons because 

they are small and uninhabited 125 . But this one is a huge 126 satellite, it could bear 127 

underground 128 life. Without any hesitation 129 , he ordered 130 the computer to move the 

spaceship towards 131 the surface 132 of the satellite and put it into orbit 133 . 

They had been flying around 134 the satellite for 24 hours when Bliss sensed 135 something. 

It was neither human nor robotic. It was something new. 

Shortly afterwards 136 they met Daneel. As Daneel later told them he was manufactured 137 

and existed 138 for a time on the Spacer 139 world of Aurora twenty thousand years before. 

He had an extraordinary 140 quality 141 but, of course, nobody knew about it: he was able to 

sense 135 and adjust 142 people’s minds 143 . On his home planet he met Elijah Baley, a man 

from Earth. The Galaxy could never have been settled 144 without him. To his honour 145 

Daneel did his best to salvage 146 what he could of Earth after it began to turn radioactive. 

His fellow robots 147 were distributed 148 over the galaxy 149 but they failed 150 . They could 

never adjust 142 human minds entirely 151 as they wished. They were always bound by 152 

the Laws 153 of Robotics 154 . Despite 155 their hard work, the future of mankind 156 was still 

balanced on razor-edge 157 . So, he decided to tempt 158 Trevize from the Foundation and 

Gaia to this meeting 159 . He hoped that Trevize, after he had been told more about human 

history, could confirm 160 his decision. But the decision had to be 

made but by only Trevize. 

After Trevize had decided in favour of Galaxia, he felt a sudden 

twinge of trouble 161 . ‘Is there enough time? Don’t we have the 

enemy 162 already here and among us?’ And he didn’t look down to 

meet the eyes 163 of Fallom – hermaphroditic, transductive 15 , different 

– as they rested 164 unfathomably 165 on him. ... 

110. végül 

111. rájön 

112. radioaktív 

113. egy rövid ideig 

114. teljesen össze van 

zavarodva 

115. valahogyan 

116. vmi javára 

117. meggyőz 

118. halványan, 

homályosan 

119. ebben a pillanatban 

120. vándorol 

121. megpillant 

122. a szomszédban 

123. hajlamos vmit tenni 

124. mellőz, nem vesz 

figyelembe 

125. lakatlan 

126. óriási 

127. hordoz, visel 

128. földalatti 

129. habozás 

130. utasít 

131. elindít vmi felé 

132. felszín 

133. bolygó körüli 

pályára állít 

134. körülrepül 

135. érzékel 

136. nem sokkal később 

137. gyárt 

138. létezik 

139. Térutazó 

140. különleges 

141. képesség, 

tulajdonság 

142. igazít 

143. elme, ész. agy 

144. benépesít 

145. az ő tiszteletére 

146. értéket kiment 

147. robot-kollégák 

148. szétszór 

149. galaxis-szerte 

150. elbukik 

151. teljes mértékben 

152. kötve van 

153. törvény 

154. robotika 

(tudomány) 

155. vmi ellenére 

156. emberiség 

157. borotvaélen 

táncol 

158. csábít vhová 

159. találkozó 

160. megerősít 

161. belenyilall a 

nyugtalanság érzése 

162. ellenség 

163. találkozik a 

szemük 

164. nyugszik 

165. kiismerhetetlenül 



4. T H E T I T A N I C 

Hallgassa meg a következő olvasmány első részét. (track 1) A részlet a tragikusan elsüllyedt Titanic felépítéséről és 

külsejéről szól. 

Először olvassa el alaposan az alábbi jegyzetet, majd hallgassa meg a szöveget kétszer vagy háromszor. A halott szöveg alapján, a 

szöveg hallgatása közben, egészítse ki az alábbi jegyzetet. A megoldásokat a 20. oldalon találja. 

1. Even today we think that the Titanic was a _____ . 

2. In its time people thought that the ship _____ . 

3. They style of the ship was similar to _____. 

4. Designers of the ship wanted the passengers to feel that they are travelling in a (floating) hotel _____. 

5. There were different services on board, like an on-board telephone system, a _____ and a (large) barber shop. 

6. There were _____, too. One of them, the Cafe Parisien was located on a _____. 

7. It offered the best haute cuisine for _____. 

8. There was a third class _____ on the ship, too. 



1. Even today we think that the Titanic was a colossal ship. 

2. In its time people thought that the ship was unsinkable. 

3. They style of the ship was similar to high-class hotels / the Ritz Hotel. 

4. Designers of the ship wanted the passengers to feel that they are travelling in a (floating) hotel rather than a ship. 

5. There were different services on board, like an on-board telephone system, a (lending) library and a (large) barber shop. 

6. There were (two) cafes, too. One of them, the Cafe Parisien was located on a (sunlit) veranda. 

7. It offered the best haute cuisine for first class passengers. 

8. There was a third class general room on the ship, too. 



Olvassa el az olvasmány következő részét, majd egészítse ki az üresen hagyott részeket a megadott szavakkal. Egy üresen 

hagyott helyre csak egy szót írhat. A megoldásokat a 22. oldalon, a teljes szöveget a megoldások után találja. A 25. odalon 

elolvashatja, lefordíthatja és meg is hallgathatja. (tracks 2-3) 

Lifeboats 

to that other neither ... nor 

on were no could 

or by a with 

as couldn’t they be 

for had so still 

was and had an 

The Titanic __1__ a total of 20 lifeboats. On average, __2__ could take up 68 people each, and collectively they __3__ accommodate 

1,178 – barely half the number of people __4/1__ board. 

The shortage of lifeboats was __5__ because of a lack of space __5__ because of cost. The Titanic had been designed __6__ 

accommodate up to 68 lifeboats – enough __7__ everyone __4/2__ board. Furthermore, the price of __8__ extra 32 lifeboats was some 

$16,000, __9__ tiny fraction of the $7.5 million __10__ the company __11__ spent on the Titanic. The White Star Line (the Oceanic 

Steam Navigation Company) desired the ship to have a wide promenade deck __12__ uninterrupted views of the sea. The number of the 

lifeboats was __13__ more than the outdated British regulations required, besides, the ship __14__ considered almost unsinkable. 

Watching for Icebergs and Growlers 

__15__ reliable radar systems were not widely used those days, lookouts __16__ traditionally placed in high on masts, in crow's nests and 

tops. They had to __17__ equipped with visual and hearing aids, and all available means of observation. They were observing the sea for 

hazards, other ships, land, icebergs, and __18__ on. They had to be able to judge if risk of collision exists. Lookouts reported anything 

they saw __19__ heard. 

Strangely enough, the lookouts on the Titanic had __20__ binoculars, however binoculars __21__ be effective in darkness except for 

starlight and the ship's own lights. Nonetheless, they and __22__ crew members, too, were well aware of the ice hazard, as they had been 

ordered __23__ the Captain to "keep a sharp look-out for ice, particularly small ice __24__ growlers". 



1. had 2. they 3. could 

4. on 5. neither ... nor 6. to 

7. for 8. an 9. a 

10. that 11. had 12. with 

13. still 14. was 15. as 

16. were 17. be 18. so 

19. or 20. no 21. couldn’t 

22. other 23. by 24. and 



Olvassa el figyelmesen, hallgassa meg, majd fordítsa le az olvasmány első két részét. 

THE LOSS 1 OF THE TITANIC 

The Ship 

The great ship, Titanic, was sailing for 2 

New York from Southampton on April 

10th, 1912. There were 1316 

passengers 3 on board 4 and a crew 5 of 

891. Even by modern standards 6 , the 

46,000 ton 7 Titanic was a colossal 8 ship. At that time 9 she was not only 

the largest ship that ever had been built, but she was also regarded as 10 

unsinkable 11 . She had sixteen watertight 12 compartments 13 and it had 

been designed to 14 stay afloat 15 with four flooded 16 compartments 13 but 

not more. 

The Titanic was laid out 17 in a much 

lighter 18 style 19 similar to that of 20 

contemporary 21 high-class 22 hotels— 

the Ritz Hotel was a reference 23 

point—with First Class cabins 24 

finished 25 in the Empire style. A 

variety of 26 other decorative 27 styles 19 , ranging from 28 the Renaissance 

to Victorian, were used 29 to decorate 30 cabins 24 and public rooms 31 in 

First and Second Class areas 32 of the ship. 

1. veszte (vminek) 

2. hajózik vmi felé 

3. utas 

4. a fedélzeten 

5. legénység 

6. mai mércével mérve 

7. tonna; tonnás 

8. szédületes, nagyszabású 

9. akkoriban 

10. vmiként tekint vmire 

11. elsüllyedhetetlen; 

elsüllyeszthetetlen 

12. vízhatlan 

13. rekesz 

14. úgy tervezték meg, hogy 

… 

15. fennmarad a víz tetején 

16. (vízzel) eláraszt 

17. tervezték 

18. könnyed 

19. stílus(ban) 

20. hasonlóan a …-hoz 

21. kortársi 

22. előkelő minősítésű 

23. referencia; hivatkozási 

24. fülke, kabin 

25. kivitelez 

26. sokféle 

27. díszítő 

28. vmitől vmeddig terjed 

29. használ 

30. díszít 

31. közösségi helyiség 

32. hely, zóna 



The aim 33 was to convey 34 an 

impression 35 that the passengers 3 were 

in a floating 36 hotel rather than 37 a ship. 

Passengers 3 could use 29 an on-board 38 

telephone system 39 , a lending 40 library 41 

and a large barber 42 shop 43 . The First 

Class section 44 had a swimming pool 45 , a gymnasium 46 , a squash 

court 47 , a Turkish bath 48 , an electric bath 49 and a Verandah Cafe 50 . 

There was another cafe 50 , too, the Cafe Parisien which was located 51 on 

a sunlit 52 veranda 53 . It was fitted with 54 trellis 55 decorations 56 and 

offered 57 the best French haute cuisine 4 for First Class passengers 3 . 

First Class common 58 rooms 59 were decorated 30 with ornate 60 wood 61 

panelling 62 , expensive 63 furniture 64 and 

other decorations 56 , while the Third 

Class general 65 room 59 had pine 66 

panelling 62 and sturdy 67 teak 68 

furniture 64 . 

33. cél 

34. közöl 

35. benyomás 

convey an 

impression=benyomást 

kelt 

36. lebegő, úszó 

37. inkább, mint 

38. fedélzeti 

39. telefonhálózat 

40. kölcsönző 

41. könyvtár 

42. borbély 

43. műhely 

44. részleg 

45. úszómedence 

46. tornaterem 

47. squash-pálya 

48. törökfürdő 

49. elektromosan melegített 

gőzkabin 

50. kávézó 

51. elhelyez valahol 

52. napsütötte 

53. tornác, veranda 

54. felszerel vmivel 

55. farács(ozat) 

56. díszítés 

57. nyújt 

58. közös 

59. helyiség 

60. ékes, díszes 

61. fa, fából készült 

62. burkolat 

63. drága 

64. bútor(zat) 

65. össznépi, közösségi 

66. fenyő 

67. robosztus 

68. tölgy, tíkfa 

Hallgassa meg a következő két részt, mely a mentőcsónakokról és a megfigyelő-rendszerről szól. Készítsen jegyzeteket a 

fontosabb tényekről. A szöveget a következő két oldalon találja, ellenőrizze, hogy minden lényeges információt 

lejegyzetelt-e. 

4 csúcskonyha (művészet)[‘ót ‘küzín] 



Lifeboats 69 

The Titanic had a total of 70 20 

lifeboats 69 . On average 71 , they 

could take up 72 68 people each 73 , 

and collectively 74 they could 

accommodate 75 1,178 – barely 76 

half the number of people on 

board 4 . 

The shortage 77 of lifeboats 69 was neither because of 78 a lack of 79 

space 80 nor because of cost 81 . The Titanic had been designed to 82 

accommodate 75 up to 83 68 lifeboats 69 – enough for 84 everyone on 

board 4 . Furthermore 85 , the price 86 of an extra 87 32 lifeboats 69 was 

some 88 $16,000, a tiny 89 fraction of 90 the $7,5 million that the 

company had spent on 91 the Titanic. The White Star Line 92 (the 

Oceanic Steam Navigation Company) desired the ship to 93 have a 

wide 94 promenade 95 deck 96 with uninterrupted 97 views of 98 the sea. 

The number of the 

lifeboats 69 was still more 

than the outdated 99 British 

regulations 100 required 101 , 

besides 102 , the ship was 

considered 103 almost 104 

unsinkable 11 . 

69. mentőcsónak 

70. összesen 

71. átlagosan 

72. befogad (férőhelyre) 

73. mindegyikük 

74. együttesen, együttvéve 

75. elhelyez, elszállásol 

76. alig 

77. hiány 

78. vmi miatt 

79. vmi hiánya 

80. tér, férőhelyhely 

81. költség 

82. arra tervezték, hogy … 

83. egészen annyi, mint … 

84. elegendő vki számára 

85. hovatovább 

86. ár(a vminek) 

87. további, plusz 

88. valami … 

89. apró 

90. töredéke vminek 

91. költ vmire 

92. közlekedési vállalat 

93. azt akarja, hogy vki tegyen 

vmit 

94. széles 

95. sétány 

96. fedélzet(i szint) 

97. zavartalan 

98. kilátás vmire 

99. idejétmúlt 

100. rendszabályok 

101. megkövetel 

102. mellesleg 

103. tekint vmit vmilyennek 

104. majdnem 



Watching for 105 Icebergs 106 and Growlers 107 

As reliable 108 radar systems 109 were not widely 110 used 29 

those days, lookouts 111 were traditionally 112 placed 113 in 

high 114 on masts 115 , in crow's nests 116 and tops 117 . They 

had to be equipped with 118 visual 119 and hearing 120 aids 121 , 

and all available 122 means of 123 observation 124 . They were 

observing the sea for 125 hazards 126 , other ships, land 127 , icebergs 106 , and so on 128 . 

They had to be able to judge 129 if 130 risk of 131 collision 132 exists 133 . Lookouts 111 

reported 134 anything they saw 135 or heard 136 . 

Strangely enough 137 , the lookouts 111 on the Titanic had no binoculars 138 , however 139 

binoculars 138 couldn’t be effective 140 in darkness 141 except for 142 starlight 143 and the 

ship's own 144 lights 145 . 

Nonetheless 146 , they and 

other crew 5 members 147 , too, 

were well aware of 148 the ice 

hazard 126 , as they had been 

ordered 149 by the Captain to 

"keep a sharp 150 look-out 

for 151 ice, particularly 152 

small ice and growlers 107 ". 

105. figyelés, kilesés 

106. jéghegy 

107. jégtörmelék 

108. megbízható 

109. radarrendszer 

110. széles körben 

111. megfigyelő, őrszem 

112. hagyományosan 

113. elhelyez vhol 

114. a magasban 

115. árboc 

116. árbockosár; 

figyelőállás; 

varjúfészek 

117. teteje vminek 

118. felszerel vmivel 

119. optikai, vizuális, látási 

120. hallási, akusztikai 

121. segédeszköz 

122. elérhető 

123. eszköze vminek 

124. megfigyelés 

means of observation = 

megfigyelő eszköz 

125. fürkészve keres vmit 

126. veszedelem, kockázat 

127. szárazföld 

128. és így tovább 

129. megítél 

130. vajon 

131. vmi kockázata 

132. ütközés 

133. létezik 

134. jelent 

135. lát 

136. hall 

137. elég különös módon 

138. távcső 

139. habár 

140. hatékony 

141. sötétség 

142. kivéve 

143. csillagfény 

144. saját 

145. világítás 

146. mindazonáltal 

147. tag 

148. tudatában van 

vminek 

149. megparancsol, utasít 

150. éles, szemfüles 

151. éberen fürkészi vmi 

felbukkanását 

152. különösképpen 



Hallgassa meg a következő szöveget (a tragédia napján jelentett időjárási viszonyokról fog hallani), majd válaszoljon a 

kérdésekre. (track 4) A megoldásokat a 28. oldalon, a találja a megoldókulcsban. 

1. Why did icebergs shift off the west coast if Greenland? 

2. What caused exceptionally high tides? 

3. Did the icebergs reach the shipping lanes at the time they usually do? 

4. How did the weather change during the day of the disaster? 

5. What was another phenomenon that facilitated the tragedy? 

6. Probably, what two problems did the above mentioned phenomenon cause? 

7. Has the above mentioned theory been scientifically proved? 

8. What was the sea like and why could it be a problem? 



1. Why did icebergs shift off the west coast if Greenland? 

Because the winter was mild. 

2. What caused exceptionally high tides? 

The Moon came closer to the earth (than at any time in the previous 1,400 years), and the Earth made its closest annual 

approach to the Sun. 

3. Did the icebergs reach the shipping lanes at the time they usually do? 

No, they reached the shipping lanes later. 

4. How did the weather change during the day of the disaster? 

It improved. 

5. What was another phenomenon that facilitated the tragedy? 

It was Fata Morgana / cold water mirage optical phenomenon. 

6. Probably, what two problems did the above mentioned phenomenon cause? 

Firstly, the lookouts couldn’t spot the iceberg in time, secondly, the Titanic and the Californian couldn’t recognise the Morse 

signals in the critical hours. 

7. Has the above mentioned theory been scientifically proved? 

Not yet. 

8. What was the sea like and why could it be a problem? 

The sea was smooth like glass which can be a sign of nearby pack ice. 



Olvassa el, fordítsa le, majd hallgassa meg újra az alábbi szöveget. 

Weather 153 Conditions 154 

Large numbers of 155 

icebergs 106 were caused 156 

to shift off 157 the west 

coast 158 of Greenland by the 

mild 159 winter 160 of 1912. In 

addition 161 , it is now 

known 162 that in January 

1912, the Moon 163 came closer to 164 the Earth 165 than at any time 166 in 

the previous 167 1,400 years, at the same time as 168 the Earth made its 

closest 169 annual 170 approach 171 to the Sun 172 . Exceptionally 173 high 

tides 174 were caused 156 by this phenomenon 175 and probably 176 it also 

resulted in 177 a larger number of 155 icebergs 106 than usual 178 . What is 

more 179 , these icebergs 106 reached 180 the shipping 181 lanes 182 a few 

months later 183 than usual 178 . 

During 184 the day of the disaster 185 the weather 153 improved 186 

significantly 187 , from brisk 188 winds 189 and moderate 190 seas in the 

morning to a crystal-clear 191 calm 192 by the evening, as the ship 

entered 193 an arctic 194 high-pressure 195 system 196 . There was no moon 163 

on the clear 197 night. 

153. időjárás(i) 

154. feltételek, viszonyok 

155. nagyszámú, rengeteg 

156. okoz(za, hogy vmi 

történjen) 

157. elsodródik vhonnan 

158. tengerpart 

159. enyhe 

160. tél 

161. ráadásul 

162. mára közismert / 

köztudott 

163. a hold 

164. közelebb vmihez 

165. a föld 

166. bármikor máskor 

167. a megelőző 

168. ugyanakkor, amikor … 

169. a legközelebb eső 

170. évi, éves 

171. megközelítés 

make its approach to 

sg = megközelít vmit 

172. a nap 

173. kivételesen 

174. dagály 

175. jelenség 

176. feltehetőleg 

177. eredményez 

178. mint rendesen 

179. s mi több 

180. elér 

181. hajózás(i) 

182. útvonal, pálya 

183. később 

184. vmi folyamán 

185. katasztrófa 

186. javul 

187. jelentősen 

188. élénk, friss 

189. szél 

190. nyugodt, mérsékelt 

191. kristálytiszta 

192. szélcsend 

193. belép 

194. arktikus, északi-sarki 

195. magas (lég)nyomású 

196. rendszer 

197. tiszta 



Just before the centenary 198 of the 

sinking 199 , Tim Maltin (an amateur 200 

historian 201 ) published 202 a book of 

research 203 on this topic 204 . It was 

conducted 205 with the aid of 206 an 

academic 207 expert 208 , concluding 209 that the 

weather 153 conditions 154 also favoured 210 

the creation 211 of a mirage 212 effect 213 over 

the calm 192 sea known as 214 the Fata 

Morgana or cold water mirage 212 optical 215 

phenomenon 216 , and that this facilitated 217 

the tragedy 218 . Theoretically 219 , the ability 220 of the ship's lookouts 111 

were probably limited 221 to spot 222 an approaching 223 iceberg 106 , and the 

ability 220 of observers 224 on the nearby 225 ship, the Californian, which 

could see the Titanic in the critical 226 hours, to recognise 227 the 

distress 228 the Titanic was in due to 229 the collision 230 , and the ability 220 

of both ships to recognise 227 the Morse signals 231 they tried 232 to send 233 

to each other. However, the scientific 234 world has not yet weighed in 

on 235 this new theory 236 . 

As the Titanic was approaching 223 her fatal 237 crash 238 , most passengers 3 

had gone to bed 239 . The air temperature 240 had fallen to 241 near 242 

freezing 243 and the ocean was completely 244 calm 191 . Colonel 245 Archibald 

Gracie, one of the survivors 246 of the disaster 185 , later wrote that "the sea 

was like glass, so smooth 247 that the stars were clearly 248 reflected 249 ." It 

is now known 250 that such 251 exceptionally 252 calm 191 water can be a sign 

of 253 nearby 225 pack ice 254 . 

Although the air was clear 191 , there was no moon 255 , and with the sea so 

calm 191 , there was nothing to give away 256 the position 257 of the 

nearby 225 icebergs; icebergs can be made more visible 258 by rougher 

sea 259 and breaking waves 260 against 261 them. 

198. századforduló, 

centenárium 

199. elsüllyedés 

200. amatőr 

201. történész 

202. kiad, publikál 

203. kutatás 

204. téma 

205. intéz, lefolytat 

206. segítség 

207. tudományos szakértő 

208. szakértő 

209. arra a következtetésre 

jutva, hogy … 

210. kedvez 

211. létrehozatal 

212. délibáb 

213. hatás 

214. vmiként ismert 

215. látási, fénytani, 

optikai 

216. jelenség 

217. elősegít 

218. tragédia 

219. elméletileg 

220. képesség 

221. korlátoz 

222. észlel 

223. közeledő 

224. megfigyelő 

225. (a/egy) közeli 

226. kritikus 

227. felismer, rájön 

228. baj, vész 

229. vminek köszönhetően 

230. ütközés 

231. jel 

232. megpróbál 

233. küld 

234. tudományos 

235. megmér(et) 

236. elmélet 

237. végzetes 

238. ütközés; katasztrófa 

239. lefekszik (aludni) 

240. hőmérséklet 

241. leesett … vmennyire 

242. közel 

243. fagy(pont) 

244. teljes mértékben 

245. ezredes 

246. túlélő 

247. sima 

248. tisztán, világosan 

249. tükröz(ődik) 

250. közismert 

251. ennyire, annyira 

252. kivételesen 

253. vmi jele 

254. sodródó jég 

255. hold 

256. elárul 

257. helyzet 

258. látható 

259. nyugtalanabb / 

viharosabb tenger 

260. hullámtörés 

261. ellen, neki-… 



Az alábbi eseménysorozatot vázlatosan írtuk le. Utána a következő két oldalon a kapitányról és a legénységről olvashat 

(track5). Írjon a vázlat és az utána következő szöveg alapján fogalmazást (kötőszókkal, elbeszélő stílusban, kb. 

400 szó) az eseményekről. Bármit, amit jónak, a témának megfelelőnek tart, vagy egyéb információt hozzáfűzhet a 

fogalmazásához. 

The Events 262 (the night of the disaster) 

11:30 a slight 263 haze 264 can be seen on the horizon 265 ahead of 266 them 

11:39 an iceberg 106 is spotted 222 in the Titanic's path 267 

the lookout 

11:40 

111 bell 268 is rung 269 three times; 

Sixth Officer 270 is informed 271 

11.41 order 272 is given 273 to change 274 the ship’s course 275 

11:43 a head-collision 276 is avoided 277 

the starboard 

11:44 

278 is being scraped along 279 by an underwater 280 

spur 281 of ice for about seven seconds 282 

all engines 

11:47 

283 are stopped 

ship is left facing 284 north and drifting 285 in the Labrador Current 286 

the ship's lifeboats are uncovered 287 ; 

order 288 is given to muster 289 the passengers 3 ; 

radio operators 290 are ordered 288 to begin sending distress calls 291 ; 

12:05 sleeping passengers 3 and crew 5 are woken up 292 by the stewards 293 

who were going on 294 from door to door 295 (the Titanic did not have 

a public address system 296 ); 

everybody is told to go to the Boat Deck 96 

13,700 tons of water has entered 297 the ship 

(the total 298 pumping 299 capacity 300 of all the pumps 301 combined 302 

12.37 was only 1,700 tons per hour) 

seawater is pouring 303 into the Titanic 15 times 304 faster than it 

could be pumped out 305 

the Captain 

12:49 

306 is informed 271 that the Titanic is doomed 307 ; about 

two hours is left 308 

262. esemény 

263. enyhe 

264. ködfátyol 

265. horizont 

266. vmi előtt 

267. út(vonal) 

268. csengő 

269. csengőt megszólaltat 

270. tiszt 

271. tájékoztat 

272. parancs 

273. kiad 

274. megváltoztat 

275. útirány 

276. frontális ütközés 

277. elkerül 

278. a hajó jobb oldala 

279. végigkaristol 

280. víz alatti 

281. nyúlvány 

282. másodperc 

283. motor 

284. szemben vmivel, 

vmilyen irányban 

285. sodródik 

286. áramlat 

287. kitakar 

288. utasítás; utasítást ad 

289. összeszed, 

összegyűjt 

290. rádiós 

291. segélyhívás 

292. felébreszt 

293. utaskísérő 

294. tovább megy 

295. ajtóról ajtóra 

296. hangosbemondó 

297. bejut, behatol 

298. teljes 

299. szivattyúzási 

300. teljesítmény 

301. szivattyú 

302. együttvéve 

303. ömlik 

304. –szor, -ször; ízben 

305. kiszivattyúz 

306. a hajó kapitánya 

307. pusztulásra ítél 

308. marad; (hátra)hagy 



The Captain 306 Edward John Smith And The Crew 5 

The ship was commanded 309 by 62-year-old 

Captain 306 Edward John Smith, the most senior 310 

of the White Star Line's 92 captains 306 . He had four 

decades 311 of seafaring 312 experience 313 and had 

previously 314 served as 315 captain 306 of the 

Titanic's sister ship 316 , the Olympic, from which he 

was transferred to 317 command 309 the Titanic. The 

vast 318 majority 319 of the crew 5 were not trained 320 

sailors 321 , but were either engineers 322 , firemen 323 , 

or stokers 324 , responsible for 325 looking after 326 the 

engines 283 ; or stewards 293 and galley staff 327 , responsible for 325 the 

passengers 3 . There were only 6 watch officers 328 and 39 seamen 329 , i.e. 330 only 

around 5 percent 331 of the crew 5 . Most of them had been taken on 332 at 

Southampton so had not had time to familiarise themselves with 333 the Titanic. 

As the Captain 306 began to understand 334 the enormity 335 of what was about 

to 336 happen 337 , he became 338 paralysed by 339 indecision 340 . He did not issue 341 

a general call for 342 evacuation 343 , he failed to 344 order 288 his officers 270 to 

load 345 the lifeboats 69 , he did not adequately 346 organise 347 the crew 5 , 

withheld 348 crucial 349 information from his officers 270 and crewmen 350 , and 

gave sometimes ambiguous 351 and impractical 352 orders 272 . Even 353 some of his 

bridge officers 270 were unaware 354 for some time after the collision 276 that the 

ship was sinking 199 (Fourth Officer 270 Joseph Boxhall did not find out 355 until 

01:15, barely 356 an hour before the ship went down 357 , while Quartermaster 358 

George Rowe was so unaware of 354 the emergency 359 that after the 

evacuation 343 had started, he phoned 360 the bridge 361 from his watch station 362 

to ask why he had just seen a lifeboat 69 go past 363 ). 

309. parancsnokol 

310. rangidős 

311. évtized 

312. tengerhajózási 

313. tapasztalat 

314. előzőleg 

315. szolgál vmiként 

316. testvérhajó 

317. áthelyez vhová 

318. nagy, hatalmas 

319. többség 

320. képzett 

321. matróz 

322. mérnök 

323. tűzoltó 

324. fűtő 

325. felelős vmiért 

326. gondoz vmint 

327. konyhai dolgozó 

galley: hajókonyha 

328. őrszolgálatos tiszt 

329. tengerész, matróz 

330. i.e. = that is = azaz 

331. százalék 

332. felvesz (pl. 

járműre) 

333. megismerkedik 

vmivel 

334. megért 

335. szörnyűség 

336. készül vmit tenni 

337. történik 

338. válik vmilyenné 

339. bénult 

340. döntésképtelenség, 

határozatlanság 

341. kiad 

342. felhívás 

343. a hajó elhagyása 

344. elmulaszt vmit 

megtenni 

345. megrak, feltölt 

346. a helyzetnek 

megfelelően 

347. szervez 

348. visszatart 

349. létfontosságú 

350. a legénység tagja 

351. kétértelmű 

352. gyakorlatiatlan 

353. sőt, még 

354. nincs tudatában 

vminek 

355. rájön vmire 

356. csupán 

357. elsüllyed 

358. szállásmester 

359. vészhelyzet 

360. felhív 

361. kapitányi híd 

362. megfigyelőállás 

363. elhalad 



Smith did not inform 271 his officers 270 that 

the ship did not have enough 364 lifeboats 69 

to save 365 everyone. He did not supervise 366 

the loading 367 of the lifeboats 69 and 

seemingly 368 made no effort 369 to 

supervise 366 his officers 270 , either. 

The crew 5 was likewise 370 unprepared 

for 371 the emergency 359 , as they had been 

given minimal 372 lifeboat 69 training 373 . Only one lifeboat 69 drill 374 had been conducted 375 while 

the ship was docked 376 . A lifeboat 69 drill 374 had been scheduled 377 for the Sunday morning 

before the ship sank 378 , but was cancelled 379 for unknown 380 reasons 381 by Captain 306 Smith. 

364. elegendő 

365. megment 

366. felülvizsgál, ellenőriz 

367. beszállítás (utasoké) 

368. látszólag 

369. nem tesz erőfeszítést 

370. nemkülönben, hasonlóan 

371. felkészületlen vmire 

372. minimális 

373. felkészítés, oktatás 

374. gyakorlat 

375. levezényel 

376. kiköt, dokkol 

377. beütemez 

378. elsüllyed 

379. lemond 

380. ismeretlen 

381. vmely okból kifolyólag 

Tollbamondás 

Egy szöveget fog hallani a Titanic elsüllyedéséről. (track 7) A szöveget először egyben, majd apróbb részletekben hallja. Minden 

részletet kétszer fog hallani. A szöveget szó szerint írja le. A megoldást a 35. oldalon találja. 

A feladat megoldása után írjon fogalmazást (400 szó) egy hajó szerencsétlenségéről. (Costa Concordia, Lusitania, 

Mary Celeste, stb. itt talál információt rengeteg hasonló eseményről) 





The Tragic 382 Sinking 199 

Four days after it had set out 383 , 

while the Titanic was sailing 

across 384 the foggy 385 , icy 386 waters 

of the North Atlantic, a huge 387 

iceberg 106 was suddenly 388 

spotted 222 by a look-out 111 . After the 

alarm 389 had been given, the great 

ship turned 390 sharply 391 to avoid 392 

direct 393 collision 132 . As the Titanic turned 390 just in time 394 , she narrowly 395 

missed 396 the immense 397 wall of ice which rose 398 over 399 a hundred feet 400 

out of the water beside her. But suddenly 388 , there was a slight 401 trembling 402 

sound 403 from below 404 . The noise 405 had been so faint 406 that no one thought 

that the ship had been damaged 407 . When the captain 306 went down to see 

what had happened 337 , he realised 408 to his horror 409 , that the Titanic was 

sinking 378 rapidly 410 as five of her watertight 12 compartments 13 had been 

flooded 16 . Once the order 272 to abandon 411 ship was given 273 , panic 412 began to 

spread 413 through the ship immediately 414 . Hundreds of people plunged into 415 

the icy water, many remained 416 in their cabins 24 , praying 417 , and others were 

trying to 418 get into 419 the lifeboats 69 . 

And when the Titanic was gone 420 , and a thousand voices 421 screamed 422 in 

agony 423 in the sub-zero 424 waters of the Atlantic, those in the lifeboats 69 

lashed out at 425 the ones in the water with oars 426 . 

According to 427 some witnesses 428 , there was a drunken 429 baker 430 , who 

looked like 431 comic relief 432 , sucking down 433 a bottle of whiskey, staggering 

about 434 like Charlie Chaplin and perching on 435 the stern 436 of the Titanic as 

she was sitting bolt upright 437 in the Atlantic, then slid 438 to her grave 439 . 

The tragic 440 sinking 441 of this great liner 442 will always be remembered 443 , for 

she went down 357 on her very first voyage 444 with heavy 445 loss 1 of life. 

382. tragikus 

383. útnak indul 

384. hajózik vmin át 

385. ködös 

386. jeges 

387. hatalmas 

388. hirtelen 

389. riasztás 

390. megfordul 

391. élesen 

392. elkerül 

393. közvetlen 

394. épp időben 

395. szűken, alighogy 

396. elkerül 

397. óriási 

398. kiemelkedik 

399. több, mint … 

400. láb (mértékegység) 

401. halk, enyhe 

402. remegő 

403. hang 

404. lentről 

405. zaj 

406. halk 

407. megrongálódik 

408. észrevesz, rájön 

409. rémületére 

410. gyorsan 

411. elhagy 

412. pánik 

413. elterjed 

414. azonnal 

415. beleugrik (vízbe) 

416. marad 

417. imádkozik 

418. megpróbál tenni 

vmit 

419. bejut, bekerül 

420. elveszik, elmegy 

421. hang 

422. sikolt 

423. kínlódva, haláltusáját 

vívva 

424. nulla (fok) alatti 

425. rácsap, ráüt vmire 

426. evező 

427. vmi szerint 

428. (szem)tanú 

429. részeg 

430. pék 

431. úgy néz ki, mint … 

432. vigasz 

433. leszipákol 

434. tántorog 

435. csücsül 

436. tat, hajó fara 

437. mint a pecek, 

peckesen 

438. lecsúszik 

439. sír(gödör) 

440. tragikus 

441. süllyedés 

442. óceánjáró 

443. emlékezik 

444. (hajó)út 

445. súlyos

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