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PORTSMOUTH 20<strong>19</strong><br />

MENTAL HEALTH<br />

Awareness<br />

The magazine raising awareness of mental health issues<br />

FREE<br />

covering: Queen Alexandra Hospital<br />

St Mary’s Hospital<br />

Petersfield Hospital<br />

Gosport war Memorial Hospital<br />

INFORM<br />

A-Z contact list<br />

for help & advice<br />

INVOLVE<br />

Focus on Addiction,<br />

Dementia &<br />

Depression<br />

INFLUENCE<br />

How to get<br />

help for mental<br />

health issues<br />

www.mhap co.uk


More than just a ‘Membership’<br />

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Sounds crazy right?!<br />

The Sleep Foundation<br />

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Be healthy<br />

Exercise can help to<br />

reduce risk of major illnesses,<br />

aswell as<br />

reducing risk of \ helping with<br />

mental health issues.<br />

Be happy<br />

Exercise releases endorphins<br />

and endorphins<br />

make you happy.<br />

Make friends<br />

Making friends at the gym<br />

will give you much more<br />

motivation to get it done,<br />

even when you really don’t<br />

feel like it #gymbuddy<br />

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at Havant and Waterlooville Leisure Centres<br />

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023 9247 6026


Welcome<br />

A very warm welcome to Mental Health<br />

Awareness 20<strong>19</strong>, an independent<br />

magazine which brings the issue of<br />

Mental Health directly to the general<br />

public.<br />

Our objective is to provide educational and<br />

informative content which will raise the<br />

profile of Mental Health issues across the<br />

local community.<br />

There are many different types of Mental<br />

Health disorders that can affect anybody<br />

at any stage in their lives. If you or a family<br />

member or friend have been diagnosed<br />

with a mental health problem you might be<br />

looking for information on your diagnosis,<br />

treatment options and where to go for<br />

support. We provide an important list<br />

of useful first point contact information<br />

which can be used to get help for varying<br />

mental health issues (pages 14 - 15).<br />

In addition, our magazines give a vital<br />

platform to various local mental health<br />

organisations and volunteer groups<br />

to highlight the wide range of support<br />

services that are available to those who<br />

may need them.<br />

In this edition we highlight the Patient<br />

Advice and Liaison Service initiative<br />

(PALS) at Queen Alexandra Hospital (page<br />

25). This service offers ‘on-the-spot’<br />

advice to visitors and provides information<br />

about other organisations or groups that<br />

may be helpful.<br />

We also feature the details of Solent<br />

MIND (page 9) and a mental health blog<br />

providing education, practical skills and<br />

resources for wellbeing (page 21).<br />

Our publication also provides helpful<br />

and informative articles on the following<br />

specific Mental Health issues:<br />

• General Addiction (page 2)<br />

• Alcohol (pages 4 & 5)<br />

• Drugs (page 6)<br />

• Gambling (page 8)<br />

• Dementia (pages 10 - 11)<br />

• Depression (pages 17 & 18)<br />

• Post Natal Depression (page 20)<br />

• Anxiety / Panic Attacks (page 22)<br />

• Phobias (page 23)<br />

• Eating Disorders (page 24)<br />

• Help for Suicidal Thoughts (page 26)<br />

If you would like to be included in the 2020<br />

issue of Mental Health Awareness or wish<br />

to provide any feedback, please send an<br />

email to Ricky at: sales@mhap.co.uk.<br />

Mental Health Publications<br />

Publisher<br />

Email: sales@mhap.co.uk<br />

www.mhap.co.uk<br />

Sales - Ricky Edwards<br />

01375 402546<br />

Mental Health Publications Limited do not make any recommendations as to the fitness of the advertisers appearing in this publication to carry our<br />

their services and no recommendations should be deemed to have been made.<br />

All rights reserved. No part of Mental Health Publications Limited publications may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means either wholly<br />

or in part without prior permission of the publisher.<br />

This magazine is published by Mental Health Publications Limited.<br />

© Mental Health Publications Limited 20<strong>19</strong><br />

www.mhap.co.uk 1


General<br />

Addiction:<br />

What is it?<br />

If you have an addiction, you’re not alone. According<br />

to the charity Action on Addiction, one in three of us<br />

are addicted to something.<br />

Addiction is defined as not having control over doing,<br />

taking or using something to the point where it could<br />

be harmful to you. Addiction is most commonly<br />

associated with gambling, drugs, alcohol & nicotine,<br />

but it’s possible to be addicted to just about<br />

anything, including:<br />

work – workaholics are obsessed with their work<br />

to the extent that they suffer physical exhaustion. If<br />

your relationship, family & social life are suffering &<br />

you never take holidays, you may be a work addict.<br />

internet – as computer & mobile phone use<br />

has increased, so too have computer & internet<br />

addictions. People may spend hours each day<br />

& night surfing the internet or gaming while<br />

neglecting other aspects of their lives.<br />

solvents – volatile substance abuse is when you<br />

inhale substances such as glue, aerosols, petrol<br />

or lighter fuel to give you a feeling of intoxication.<br />

Solvent abuse can be fatal.<br />

shopping – shopping becomes an addiction when<br />

you buy things you don’t need or want to achieve<br />

a buzz. This is quickly followed by feelings of guilt,<br />

shame or despair.<br />

What causes addictions?<br />

There are lots of reasons why addictions begin.<br />

In the case of drugs, alcohol & nicotine, these<br />

substances affect the way you feel, both physically<br />

& mentally. These feelings can be enjoyable & create<br />

a powerful urge to use the substances again.<br />

Gambling may result in a similar mental “high”<br />

after a win, followed by a strong urge to try again &<br />

recreate that feeling. This can develop into a habit<br />

that becomes very hard to stop.<br />

Being addicted to something means that not<br />

having it causes withdrawal symptoms, or a “come<br />

down”. Because this can be unpleasant, it’s easier<br />

to carry on having or doing what you crave, & so<br />

the cycle continues.<br />

Often, an addiction gets out of control because<br />

you need more & more to satisfy a craving &<br />

achieve the “high”.<br />

How addictions can affect you:<br />

The strain of managing an addiction can seriously<br />

damage your work life & relationships. In the case<br />

of substance abuse (for example, drugs & alcohol),<br />

an addiction can have serious psychological &<br />

physical effects.<br />

Some studies suggest addiction is genetic, but<br />

environmental factors, such as being around<br />

other people with addictions, are also thought to<br />

increase the risk.<br />

An addiction can be a way of blocking out difficult<br />

issues. Unemployment & poverty can trigger addiction,<br />

along with stress & emotional or professional pressure.<br />

Getting help for addictions:<br />

Addiction is a treatable condition. Whatever the<br />

addiction, there are lots of ways you can seek help.<br />

You could see your GP for advice or contact an<br />

organisation that specialises in helping people<br />

with addictions.<br />

Alcohol addiction services - Alcoholics Anonymous<br />

0845 769 7555 www.alcoholics-anonymous.org.uk<br />

Drug addiction services - Narcotics Anonymous<br />

0300 999 1212 www.ukna.org.uk<br />

Gambling addiction services - Gamblers<br />

Anonymous UK www.gamblersanonymous.org.uk<br />

Stop smoking services - SmokeFree 0300 1231044<br />

Rehab 4 Addiction - free helpline dedicated to<br />

assisting those suffering from drug, alcohol and<br />

mental health problems. Tel: 0800 140 4690<br />

www.rehab4addiction.co.uk<br />

To speak to someone anonymously about any kind<br />

of addiction, you can also call the Samaritans on 116<br />

123 – 24 hour helpline. Other helpful contacts can be<br />

found on our Mental Health Glossary on pages<br />

14 and 15.<br />

2<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


WRENS A5 Advert v5.qxp_WRENS Brochure 10/01/20<strong>19</strong> 9:51 am Page 1<br />

Association of Wrens and<br />

Women of the Royal Naval Services<br />

JOIN ONLINE NOW and take advantage of discounts at the<br />

Royal Maritime Club, <strong>Portsmouth</strong>, and entry for you and up<br />

to four friends, to <strong>Portsmouth</strong> Historic Dockyard.<br />

The Wren magazine has articles and photos from all decades<br />

and is posted free to members. We hold reunions and local<br />

get-togethers and attend Royal Naval and other military<br />

events. Look out for us at the Cenotaph!<br />

Plans are now being made for special events to celebrate the<br />

100th anniversary of the Association in 2020.<br />

We’re known as ‘a Mighty Sisterhood of Women’<br />

– join us to find out why!<br />

Blue & Gold Together<br />

office@wrens.org.uk | www.wrens.org.uk | 02392 725141<br />

Association of Wrens<br />

www.mhap.co.uk 3


Alcohol<br />

Addiction<br />

Alcohol misuse means drinking excessively. If<br />

someone loses control over their drinking and<br />

has an excessive desire to drink, it’s known as<br />

dependent drinking (alcoholism).<br />

Alcohol consumption is measured in units.<br />

A unit of alcohol is 10ml of pure alcohol, which<br />

is about:<br />

half a pint of lower to normal-strength lager/<br />

beer/cider (ABV 3.6%)<br />

a single small shot measure (25ml)<br />

of spirits (25ml, ABV 40%)<br />

• a small glass (125ml) of wine contains about<br />

1.5 units of alcohol.<br />

Lower-risk limits<br />

To keep your risk of alcohol-related harm low,<br />

the NHS recommends not regularly drinking<br />

more than 14 units of alcohol a week. If you drink<br />

as much as 14 units a week, it’s best to spread<br />

this evenly over 3 or more days.<br />

If you’re trying to reduce the amount of alcohol<br />

you drink, it’s a good idea to have several<br />

alcohol-free days each week<br />

Regular or frequent drinking means drinking<br />

alcohol most weeks. The risk to your health is<br />

increased by drinking any amount of alcohol on<br />

a regular basis.<br />

Risks of alcohol misuse<br />

Alcohol misuse increases your long term risk of<br />

serious health problems such as heart disease,<br />

stroke, liver disease, pancreatitis and various<br />

forms of cancer. It can also lead to social<br />

problems, such as unemployment, divorce,<br />

domestic abuse and homelessness.<br />

Short-term<br />

The short-term risks of alcohol<br />

misuse include:<br />

accidents and injuries requiring hospital<br />

treatment, such as a head injury<br />

violent behaviour and being a victim of violence<br />

unprotected sex that could potentially lead to<br />

unplanned pregnancy or sexually transmitted<br />

infections (STIs)<br />

loss of personal possessions, such as wallets,<br />

keys or mobile phones<br />

alcohol poisoning – this may<br />

lead to vomiting, seizures (fits) and<br />

falling unconscious<br />

People who binge drink (drink heavily over a short<br />

period of time) are more likely to behave recklessly<br />

and are at greater risk of being in an accident.<br />

Long-term<br />

Persistent alcohol misuse increases your risk of<br />

serious health conditions, including:<br />

heart disease<br />

stroke<br />

liver disease<br />

liver cancer<br />

bowel cancer<br />

mouth cancer<br />

breast cancer<br />

pancreatitis<br />

If someone loses control over their drinking and<br />

has an excessive desire to drink, it’s known as<br />

dependent drinking (alcoholism). Dependent<br />

drinking usually affects a person’s quality of life<br />

and relationships, but they may not always find it<br />

easy to see or accept this.<br />

Severely dependent drinkers are often able to<br />

tolerate very high levels of alcohol in amounts that<br />

4<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


would dangerously affect or even kill some people.<br />

A dependent drinker usually experiences physical<br />

and psychological withdrawal symptoms if they<br />

suddenly cut down or stop drinking, including:<br />

hand tremors – “the shakes”<br />

sweating<br />

seeing things that aren’t real<br />

(visual hallucinations)<br />

depression<br />

anxiety<br />

difficulty sleeping (insomnia)<br />

This often leads to “relief drinking” to avoid<br />

withdrawal symptoms.<br />

Realising you have a problem<br />

with alcohol<br />

This is the first big step to getting help. You may<br />

need help if:<br />

you feel you should cut down on your drinking<br />

you often feel the need to have a drink<br />

you need a drink first thing in the morning to<br />

steady your nerves or get rid of a hangover<br />

other people have been criticising or warning<br />

you about how much you’re drinking<br />

you get into trouble because of your drinking<br />

you think your drinking is causing you problems<br />

you feel guilty or bad about your drinking<br />

Someone you know may be<br />

misusing alcohol if:<br />

they regularly exceed the lower-risk daily limit<br />

for alcohol<br />

they’re sometimes unable to remember<br />

what happened the night before because of<br />

their drinking<br />

they fail to do what was expected of them as a<br />

result of their drinking – for example, missing<br />

an appointment or work because of being drunk<br />

or hungover<br />

Getting help with treating<br />

alcohol misuse<br />

If you’re concerned about your drinking or<br />

someone else’s, a good place to start is with your<br />

GP. Try to be accurate and honest about how much<br />

you drink and any problems it may be causing you.<br />

Your level of alcohol intake may be assessed using<br />

various tests and this will determine your type of<br />

treatment. They’ll be able to discuss the services<br />

and treatments available. Initially your alcohol<br />

intake may be assessed using tests, such as the:<br />

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test –<br />

a widely used screening test that can help<br />

determine whether you need to change your<br />

drinking habits<br />

Fast Alcohol Screening Test – a simpler test<br />

to check whether your drinking has reached<br />

dangerous levels<br />

Treating alcohol misuse<br />

Treatment options include counselling,<br />

medication and detoxification. Detoxification<br />

involves a nurse or doctor supporting you to<br />

safely stop drinking; this can be done by helping<br />

you slowly cut down over time or by giving you<br />

medicines to prevent withdrawal symptoms.<br />

A dependent drinker usually experiences physical<br />

and psychological withdrawal symptoms if they<br />

suddenly cut down or stop drinking, including<br />

anxiety after waking, sweating, nausea and<br />

vomiting, hallucinations, seizures or fits, hand<br />

tremors, depression and insomnia. This often leads<br />

to “relief drinking” to avoid withdrawal symptoms.<br />

To stop drinking instantly could be harmful and you<br />

should take advice from your GP to do this safely.<br />

Cutting down or stopping drinking is usually just<br />

the beginning, & most people will need some<br />

degree of help or some long term plan to stay in<br />

control or to stay completely alcohol-free. Getting<br />

the right support can be crucial to maintaining<br />

control in the future. Only relying on family, friends<br />

or carers for this is often not enough.<br />

Some people with medium or high levels of alcohol<br />

dependence may need intensive rehabilitation<br />

& recovery support for a period after they stop<br />

drinking completely; either through a programme<br />

of intensive support in their local community or by<br />

a residential rehabilitation service. This may be in<br />

an NHS inpatient unit, or in a medically-supported<br />

residential service, depending on your situation and<br />

the assessed medical need.<br />

Further help for alcohol abuse<br />

As well as the NHS, there are a number of charities<br />

and support groups across the UK that provide<br />

support and advice for people with an alcohol<br />

misuse problem. Helpful contacts for Alcohol<br />

Addiction can be found on our Mental Health<br />

Glossary on pages 14 and 15.<br />

www.mhap.co.uk 5


Drug Addiction<br />

If you need treatment for drug addiction, you’re<br />

entitled to NHS care in the same way as anyone<br />

else who has a health problem. With the right help<br />

and support, it’s possible for you to get drug free<br />

and stay that way.<br />

Where to get help for drugs:<br />

Your GP is a good place to start. They can<br />

discuss your problems with you and get you into<br />

treatment. They may offer you treatment at the<br />

practice or refer you to your local drug service.<br />

If you’re not comfortable talking to your GP, you<br />

can approach your local drug treatment service<br />

yourself. Visit the Frank website to find local drug<br />

treatment services or call the Frank drugs helpline<br />

on 0300 123 6600. They can talk you through all<br />

your options.<br />

Charity and private drugs treatment - as well<br />

as the NHS, there are charities and private drug<br />

and alcohol treatment organisations that can<br />

help you. Visit the Adfam website to see a list<br />

of useful organisations. Private drug treatment<br />

can be very expensive but sometimes people get<br />

referrals through their local NHS.<br />

Your first appointment:<br />

At your first appointment for drug treatment,<br />

staff will ask you about your drug use. They will<br />

also ask about your work, family and housing<br />

situation. You may be asked to provide a sample<br />

of urine or saliva.<br />

Staff will talk you through all of your treatment<br />

options and agree a treatment plan with you.<br />

They can tell you about local support groups for<br />

drug users and their families or carers. You’ll<br />

also be given a keyworker who will support you<br />

throughout your treatment.<br />

What drug treatment involves:<br />

This depends on your personal circumstances<br />

and also what you’re addicted to. Your keyworker<br />

will work with you to plan the right treatment for<br />

you. Your treatment may include:<br />

Talking therapies – talking therapies, such as<br />

cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), help you<br />

to see how your thoughts and feelings affect<br />

your behaviour.<br />

Treatment with medicines – if you are<br />

dependent on heroin or another opioid drug,<br />

you may be offered a substitute drug, such as<br />

methadone. This means you can get on with<br />

your treatment without having to worry about<br />

withdrawing or buying street drugs.<br />

Detoxification (detox) – this is for people<br />

who want to stop taking opioid drugs like<br />

heroin completely. It helps you to cope with the<br />

withdrawal symptoms.<br />

Self-help – some people find support<br />

groups like Narcotics Anonymous helpful.<br />

Your keyworker can tell you where your<br />

nearest group is.<br />

Reducing harm – your drugs workers will help<br />

you reduce the risks associated with your<br />

drug-taking. You may be offered testing and<br />

treatment for hepatitis or HIV, for example.<br />

Where will you have<br />

your treatment?<br />

You may have your treatment while living at<br />

home or as a hospital inpatient. If your drugrelated<br />

problems are severe or complicated you<br />

may be referred to a residential rehab. For more<br />

information about residential rehab, or to find a<br />

rehab near you, visit rehabonline.<br />

Other contacts for help with Drug Addiction<br />

can be found on our Mental Health Glossary on<br />

pages 14 and 15.<br />

6<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


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For more information: www.lsi-portsmouth.co.uk<br />

Email: OET@lsi-portsmouth.co.uk Tel +44 2392291811<br />

www.mhap.co.uk 7


Gambling<br />

Addiction<br />

Being a compulsive gambler can harm your health<br />

and relationships, and leave you in serious debt. If<br />

you have a problem with gambling and you’d like to<br />

stop, support and treatment is available.<br />

Are you a problem gambler?<br />

Try this questionnaire:<br />

Do you bet more than you can afford to lose?<br />

Do you need to gamble with larger amounts of<br />

money to get the same feeling?<br />

Have you tried to win back money you have lost<br />

(chasing losses)?<br />

Have you borrowed money or sold anything to get<br />

money to gamble?<br />

Have you wondered whether you have a problem<br />

with gambling?<br />

Has your gambling caused you any health<br />

problems, including feelings of stress or anxiety?<br />

Have other people criticised your betting or told<br />

you that you had a gambling?<br />

Has your gambling caused any financial problems<br />

for you or your household?<br />

Have you ever felt guilty about the way you<br />

gamble or what happens when you gamble?<br />

For each time you answer<br />

Score 0 “never”<br />

Score 1 “sometimes”<br />

Score 2 “most of the time”<br />

Score 3 “almost always”<br />

If your total score is 8 or higher, you may be a<br />

problem gambler.<br />

Help for problem gamblers<br />

and for friends and family affected by someone<br />

else’s gambling problem<br />

There’s evidence that gambling can be successfully<br />

treated in the same way as other addictions.<br />

Cognitive behavioural therapy usually has the best<br />

results. Treatment and support groups are available<br />

for people who want to stop gambling:<br />

Gamcare - offers free information, support and<br />

counselling for problem gamblers in the UK and<br />

also for partners, friends and family of people who<br />

gamble compulsively. It runs the National Gambling<br />

Helpline (0808 8020 133) and also offers face-toface<br />

counselling. If you’re having problems because<br />

of another person’s gambling, it’s best to be honest<br />

with them about it. They need to know how their<br />

behaviour is affecting you.<br />

National Problem Gambling Clinic - If you live in<br />

England or Wales, are aged 16 or over and have<br />

complex problems related to gambling, you can<br />

refer yourself to this specialist NHS clinic for<br />

problem gamblers.<br />

Gamblers Anonymous UK - Gamblers Anonymous<br />

UK runs local support groups that use the same<br />

12-step approach to recovery from addiction as<br />

Alcoholics Anonymous. There are also GamAnon<br />

support groups for friends and family affected by<br />

someone else’s gambling problem.<br />

Self-help tips for<br />

problem gamblers<br />

Do:<br />

pay important bills, such as your mortgage, on<br />

payday before you gamble<br />

spend more time with family and friends who<br />

don’t gamble<br />

deal with your debts rather than ignoring them<br />

– visit the National Debtline for tips<br />

Don’t:<br />

view gambling as a way to make money<br />

– try to see it as entertainment instead<br />

bottle up your worries about your gambling<br />

– talk to someone<br />

take credit cards with you when you go gambling<br />

Other contacts for help with Gambling Addiction can<br />

be found on our Mental Health Glossary on pages<br />

14 and 15.<br />

8<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


Solent Mind -<br />

who are we?<br />

We’re Solent Mind, the leading mental health<br />

charity across Hampshire. We’re here to<br />

make sure anyone with a mental health<br />

problem has somewhere to turn to for advice<br />

and support. We won’t give up until everyone<br />

experiencing a mental health issue has<br />

support and respect<br />

Our Services<br />

Solent Mind runs many different services<br />

across Hampshire, Southampton and<br />

<strong>Portsmouth</strong>. We work in different locations<br />

and in a range of ways, whether supporting<br />

people within their local communities<br />

or within hospital settings. We work<br />

across different age groups, with diverse<br />

communities, with individuals and groups.<br />

Our Mission<br />

To provide advice and support to empower<br />

anyone experiencing a mental health<br />

problem. We campaign to improve services,<br />

raise awareness and promote understanding.<br />

Get Support<br />

We can help you with support, advice and<br />

signposting for some of the issues which<br />

can become a struggle when we’re coping<br />

with mental health problems. We hope that<br />

everything we do helps to give you the skills<br />

and tools to maintain your own wellbeing in<br />

to the future.<br />

Improve your wellbeing<br />

Our Wellbeing Centres are friendly places<br />

where you can join in a wide range of groups,<br />

share experiences, get support and learn<br />

techniques to improve and maintain your<br />

wellbeing. Our peer support groups give<br />

you the chance to meet with other people<br />

who’ve experienced mental health issues and<br />

understand what you’re going through.<br />

Solent Mind, T: 023 8202 7810<br />

15-16 The Avenue, F: 023 8202 7811<br />

Southampton,<br />

SO17 1XF.<br />

E: info@solentmind.org.uk<br />

W: www.solentmind.org.uk<br />

Charity Registered No: 1081116<br />

www.mhap.co.uk 9


About Dementia<br />

As you get older, you may find that memory loss<br />

becomes a problem. It’s normal for your memory<br />

to be affected by stress, tiredness, or certain<br />

illnesses and medications. This can be annoying<br />

if it happens occasionally, but if you’re becoming<br />

increasingly forgetful, particularly if you’re over<br />

the age of 65 and it’s affecting your daily life or<br />

is worrying you or someone you know, it may be<br />

a good idea to talk to your GP about the early<br />

signs of dementia.<br />

What is dementia?<br />

Dementia isn’t a single disease, but is a syndrome<br />

(a group of related symptoms) associated with<br />

an ongoing decline of brain functioning. Several<br />

different diseases can cause dementia.<br />

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common<br />

type of dementia and, together with vascular<br />

dementia, makes up the vast majority of<br />

cases. Because both vascular dementia and<br />

Alzheimer’s disease are common – especially<br />

in older people – they may be present together.<br />

This is often called mixed dementia because a<br />

mix of these two conditions is thought to be the<br />

cause of the dementia.<br />

Many of these diseases are associated with an<br />

abnormal build-up of proteins in the brain. This<br />

build-up causes nerve cells to function less<br />

well and ultimately die. As the nerve cells die,<br />

different areas of the brain shrink.<br />

Vascular dementia is caused by reduced blood<br />

flow to the brain. Nerve cells in the brain need<br />

oxygen and nutrients from blood to survive. When<br />

the blood supply to the brain is reduced, the nerve<br />

cells function less well and eventually die.<br />

There are many rarer diseases and conditions<br />

that can lead to dementia, or dementia-like<br />

symptoms. These conditions account for only<br />

5% of dementia cases in the UK.<br />

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) isn’t a cause<br />

of dementia. It refers to a condition in which<br />

someone has minor problems with cognition,<br />

or their memory and thinking, such as memory<br />

loss, difficulty concentrating and problems with<br />

planning and reasoning. These symptoms aren’t<br />

severe enough to cause problems in everyday<br />

life, so aren’t defined as dementia.<br />

How common is dementia?<br />

According to the Alzheimer’s Society there are<br />

around 850,000 people in the UK with dementia.<br />

One in 14 people over 65 will develop dementia,<br />

and the condition affects 1 in 6 people over 80.<br />

The number of people with dementia is increasing<br />

because people are living longer. It is estimated<br />

that by 2025, the number of people with dementia<br />

in the UK will have increased to around 1 million.<br />

Symptoms of Dementia<br />

Dementia is not a natural part of the ageing<br />

process and you need to be aware of the<br />

symptoms of dementia, which tend to worsen<br />

with time and can affect the way you speak, think,<br />

feel and behave.<br />

People with dementia can become apathetic<br />

or uninterested in their usual activities, or may<br />

have problems controlling their emotions. They<br />

may also find social situations challenging<br />

and lose interest in socialising. Aspects of<br />

their personality may change. A person with<br />

dementia may lose empathy (understanding and<br />

compassion), they may see or hear things that<br />

other people do not (hallucinations).<br />

Because people with dementia may lose the<br />

ability to remember events or fully understand<br />

their environment or situations, it can seem<br />

as if they’re not telling the truth, or are wilfully<br />

ignoring problems.<br />

As dementia affects a person’s mental abilities,<br />

they may find planning and organising difficult.<br />

10<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


as completing a thorough assessment. A GP, or a<br />

doctor specialising in memory problems, will run<br />

a series of tests and assessments to see if there<br />

is an alternative explanation for the problems. The<br />

doctor will also want to discuss how the problems<br />

being experienced have developed over time.<br />

Maintaining their independence may also become<br />

a problem. A person with dementia will therefore<br />

usually need help from friends or relatives,<br />

including help with decision making.<br />

Although dementia isn’t just about memory loss,<br />

it’s one of the key symptoms. Others include:<br />

increasing difficulty with daily tasks and<br />

activities that require concentration and planning<br />

changes in personality and mood<br />

understanding - periods of mental confusion<br />

language - difficulty finding the right words or<br />

not being able to understand conversations<br />

as easily<br />

memory loss, thinking speed and<br />

mental sharpness<br />

judgement<br />

movement<br />

Why is it important to<br />

get a diagnosis?<br />

Although there is no cure for dementia at<br />

present, if it’s diagnosed in the early stages,<br />

there are ways you can slow it down and<br />

maintain mental function.<br />

A diagnosis can help people with dementia get<br />

the right treatment and support, and help those<br />

close to them to prepare and plan for the future.<br />

With treatment and support, many people are able<br />

to lead active, fulfilled lives.<br />

Dementia is diagnosed by doctors ruling out other<br />

conditions that could cause the symptoms, as well<br />

How to talk to someone you<br />

think has signs of dementia<br />

Raising the issue of memory loss and the<br />

possibility of dementia can be a difficult thing<br />

to do. Someone who is experiencing these<br />

symptoms may be confused, unaware they have<br />

any problems, worried or in denial.<br />

Before starting a conversation with someone you’re<br />

concerned about, the Alzheimer’s Society suggests<br />

that you ask yourself the following questions:<br />

have they noticed the symptoms?<br />

do they think their problems are just a natural<br />

part of ageing?<br />

are they scared about what the changes<br />

could mean?<br />

are you the best person to talk to them about<br />

memory problems?<br />

do they think there won’t be any point in<br />

seeking help?<br />

When you do talk to them, choose a place that is<br />

familiar and non-threatening. And allow plenty of<br />

time so the conversation isn’t rushed.<br />

You may like to suggest that you accompany<br />

your friend or relative to the GP so you can<br />

support them. This also means that after<br />

the appointment, you can help your friend or<br />

relative recall what has been discussed.<br />

If the diagnosis is dementia<br />

A dementia diagnosis can come as a shock,<br />

but over time some people come to view it in a<br />

positive way. This is because a diagnosis is the<br />

first step towards getting the information, help<br />

and support needed to manage the symptoms.<br />

A diagnosis of dementia can help people with<br />

these symptoms, and their families and friends,<br />

take control, make plans and prepare for the future.<br />

Further help and information<br />

Other contacts for help with Dementia can be found<br />

on our Mental Health Glossary on pages 14 and 15.<br />

www.mhap.co.uk 11


Uplands Independent Mental Health Rehabilitation Hospital<br />

is part of the CareTech Community Services Specialist Services and has gone<br />

through a £1M major redevelopment which started on 2nd January 2018 and<br />

finished in February 20<strong>19</strong>. Uplands is part of the CareTech Mental Health Pathway<br />

and provides mental health recovery and rehabilitation with those who have<br />

challenging and complex mental health needs for service users that are informal or<br />

detained under the Mental Health Act.<br />

Uplands has a new model of care and pathway, with a new lockable High<br />

Dependency Unit (HDU) which officially opened in November 2018 and a Complex<br />

Care Unit (CCU) which also includes 4 self-contained hospital campus based flats.<br />

Bedrooms have been upgraded with ensuite bedrooms, fixtures and fittings are<br />

designed to minimise or remove ligature risk e.g. door handles, bedroom furniture.<br />

There are new updated kitchens in each of the units whereby service users can be<br />

supported to cook, laundry facilities, lounge/dining area, female lounge, clinical<br />

treatment rooms, soothing sensory rooms, visitors and multi-faith room and a<br />

therapy room which one of the service user’s named as the “multi-purpose and<br />

learning suite”.<br />

The team work closely to achieve and maintain the mental and physical wellbeing of<br />

each of the service users, helping them to achieve their goals and giving them hope<br />

as part of their recovery.<br />

Office: 01329 221817 / Fax: 01329 221804<br />

61 Park Lane Fareham Hampshire PO16 7HH<br />

www.uplandsindependenthospital.co.uk<br />

12<br />

Uplands <strong>MHAP</strong> Ad 20<strong>19</strong>.indd 1 27/<strong>09</strong>/20<strong>19</strong> 11:27<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


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See what we do at:<br />

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www.mhap.co.uk 13


A Summary of Contact Numbers<br />

and Information for Selected Mental Health Disorders<br />

Specialised Area<br />

Mental Health<br />

General Addictions<br />

Alcohol Misuse<br />

Drugs /<br />

Substance Abuse<br />

Gambling<br />

Smoking Dependency<br />

Dementia<br />

Anxiety Disorders &<br />

Social Anxiety Disorder<br />

Contact Details<br />

SANE - emotional support, information & guidance for people affected by mental illness, their families<br />

& carers. SANEline: 0300 304 7000 www.sane.org.uk/support<br />

Mind - 0300 123 3393 (Mon-Fri, 9am-6pm) www.mind.org.uk<br />

Rethink Mental Illness - support and advice for people living with mental illness.<br />

Phone: 0300 5000 927 (Mon-Fri, 9.30am-4pm) www.rethink.org<br />

Mental Health Foundation - provides information & support for anyone with mental health problems<br />

or learning disabilities. www.mentalhealth.org.uk<br />

Young Minds - information on child & adolescent mental health. Parents helpline 0808 802 5544<br />

www.youngminds.org.uk (Mon-Fri, 9.30am-4pm)<br />

The Samaritans - confidential support for people experiencing feelings of distress or despair.<br />

Phone: 116 123 (free 24-hour helpline). www.samaritans.org.uk<br />

NHS Choices – www.nhs.uk/conditions/online-mental-health-services<br />

Information on online mental health services.<br />

British Association for Counselling & Psychotherapy – 01455 883 300 www.itsgoodtotalk.org.uk<br />

Adfam - a national charity working with families affected by drugs & alcohol.<br />

Has a database of local support groups. www.adfam.org.uk<br />

Rehab 4 Addiction - free helpline dedicated to assisting those suffering from drug, alcohol and mental<br />

health problems. Tel: 0800 140 4690 www.rehab4addiction.co.uk<br />

Addaction - a UK-wide treatment agency that helps individuals, families & communities manage<br />

the effects of drug and alcohol misuse. www.addaction.org.uk<br />

Drinkline - the national alcohol helpline. Free & confidential 0300 123 1110<br />

Alcoholics Anonymous - 0845 769 7555 (24 hr) www.alcoholics-anonymous.org.uk<br />

Al-Anon Family Groups - offers support to the families & friends of problem drinkers.<br />

Helpline 0207 403 0888. www.al-anonuk.org.uk<br />

The National Association for Children of Alcoholics - for children of alcohol-dependent parents and others<br />

concerned about their welfare. Free confidential helpline 0800 358 3456. www.nacoa.org.uk<br />

FRANK drugs helpline 0300 123 6600<br />

Narcotics Anonymous - 0300 999 1212 (daily until midnight) www.ukna.org<br />

GamCare – the National Gambling Helpline 0808 8020 133 - offers free information, support and<br />

counselling for problem gamblers in the UK.<br />

Gamblers Anonymous - runs local support groups www.gamblersanonymous.org.uk<br />

GamAnon - support groups for friends and family. www.gamanon.org.uk<br />

NHS Smokefree - helpline on 0300 123 1044<br />

There is also support available from your local stop smoking service.<br />

www.nhs.uk/Service-Search/Stop-smoking-services/LocationSearch/1846<br />

National Dementia - helpline 0300 222 1122<br />

Alzheimer's Society - helpline 0300 222 1122 www.alzheimers.org.uk<br />

Alzheimer's Research UK - 0300 111 5 111 www.alzheimersresearchuk.org<br />

Dementia UK - to talk to an Admiral Nurse, who are registered nurses & experts in dementia care,<br />

call 0800 888 6678 www.dementiauk.org<br />

The Carers Trust - if you are looking after someone with dementia, get help & support & even a break<br />

from caring. www.carers.org<br />

Anxiety UK - Phone: 03444 775 774 (Mon-Fri, 9.30am-5.30pm) www.anxietyuk.org.uk<br />

Anxiety Care UK – www.anxietycare.org.uk<br />

14<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


Panic Disorder<br />

Phobias<br />

Depression<br />

Bipolar Disorder<br />

Postnatal Depression<br />

Psychotic Depression /<br />

Episodes / Confusion<br />

(Sudden Delirium)<br />

Seasonal Affective<br />

Disorder<br />

No More Panic – www.nomorepanic.co.uk<br />

No Panic – www.nopanic.org.uk / helpline: 08449 674848 (10.00am – 10.00pm)<br />

Triumph Over Phobia – www.topuk.org<br />

Depression Alliance - for sufferers of depression. www.depressionalliance.org<br />

Bipolar UK - www.bipolaruk.org.uk<br />

The Association for Post Natal Illness - 0207 386 0868 www.apni.org<br />

Pre and Postnatal Depression Advice and Support - 0843 2898401<br />

www.pandasfoundation.org.uk<br />

If you think the person's symptoms are placing them or others at possible risk of harm you can<br />

take them to your nearest A&E department, call their GP or local out-of-hours GP or call 999 to ask<br />

for an ambulance.<br />

SAD Association - www.sada.org.uk<br />

Beat - Phone: 0808 801 0677 (adults) or 0808 801 0711 (for under-18s)<br />

Eating Disorders<br />

Website: www.b-eat.co.uk (Anorexia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder & Bulimia).<br />

Body Dysmorphic<br />

Body Dysmorphic Disorder Foundation – www.bddfoundation.org<br />

Disorder<br />

Respect – 0808 802 4040 www.respect.uk.net<br />

Anger<br />

National Domestic Abuse - helpline – 0808 2000 247<br />

Refuge – www.refuge.org.uk<br />

Autism Spectrum<br />

The National Autistic Society - Autism Helpline 0808 800 4104 www.autism.org.uk<br />

Disorder<br />

Dissociative Disorders MIND - www.mind.org.uk has a list if useful contacts<br />

Cruse Bereavement Care - Phone: 0844 477 9400 (Mon-Fri, 9am-5pm)<br />

Grief / Bereavement www.crusebereavementcare.org.uk<br />

Hoarding Disorder www.ocduk.org – 0845 120 3778<br />

Obsessive Compulsive<br />

Disorder<br />

Paranoia<br />

Post-Traumatic<br />

Stress Disorder<br />

Premenstrual<br />

Dysphoric Disorder<br />

Sexual Abuse<br />

Self-Harm<br />

Stress<br />

Suicide / Suicidal<br />

Feelings<br />

OCD Action - support for people with OCD related disorders.<br />

Phone: 0845 390 6232 Website: www.ocdaction.org.uk (Mon-Fri, 9.30am-5pm)<br />

National Paranoia Network – 0114 271 8210 www.nationalparanoianetwork.org<br />

ASSIST trauma care – helpline 0178 856 0800 www.assisttraumacare.org.uk<br />

Combat Stress – helpline 0800 1381 6<strong>19</strong> www.combatstress.org.uk<br />

PTSD Resolution – 0300 302 0551 www.ptsdresolution.org<br />

National Association for Premenstrual Syndrome – www.pms.org.uk<br />

The National Association for People Abused in Childhood (NAPAC)<br />

0808 801 0331 (freephone, Monday–Thursday 10am–9pm and Friday 10am–6pm) www.napac.org.uk<br />

HAVOCA (Help for Adult Victims of Child Abuse) www.havoca.org<br />

Lifecentre - helpline: 0808 802 0808 www.lifecentre.uk.com<br />

Harmless – email info@harmless.org.uk<br />

Men's Health Forum - 24/7 stress support for men by text, chat and email.<br />

Website: www.menshealthforum.org.uk<br />

PAPYRUS - Young suicide prevention society. HOPElineUK 0800 068 4141<br />

(Mon-Fri,10am-5pm & 7-10pm. Weekends 2-5pm) www.papyrus-uk.org<br />

Childline – for children and young people under <strong>19</strong><br />

Call 0800 1111 – the number won’t show up on your phone bill<br />

CALM - the Campaign Against Living Miserably, for men aged 15-35. www.thecalmzone.net<br />

The Silver Line – for older people Call 0800 4 70 80 90<br />

www.mhap.co.uk 15


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16<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


Depression<br />

Overview<br />

Depression is more than simply feeling<br />

unhappy or fed up for a few days. Most people<br />

go through periods of feeling down, but when<br />

you’re depressed you feel persistently sad for<br />

weeks or months, rather than just a few days.<br />

Some people think depression is trivial and not<br />

a genuine health condition. They’re wrong – it<br />

is a real illness with real symptoms. Depression<br />

isn’t a sign of weakness or something you can<br />

“snap out of” by “pulling yourself together”. The<br />

good news is that with the right treatment and<br />

support, most people with depression can<br />

make a full recovery.<br />

Symptoms<br />

Depression affects people in different ways and<br />

can cause a wide variety of symptoms. But as<br />

a general rule, if you’re depressed, you feel sad,<br />

hopeless, anxious, tearful and lose interest in<br />

things you used to enjoy. There can be physical<br />

symptoms too, such as feeling constantly tired,<br />

sleeping badly, having no appetite or sex drive,<br />

and various aches and pains. The symptoms<br />

of depression may persist for weeks or months<br />

and are bad enough to interfere with your work,<br />

social life and family life. There are many other<br />

symptoms of depression and you’re unlikely to<br />

have all of those listed below.<br />

Psychological symptoms:<br />

continuous low mood or sadness / feeling<br />

hopeless and helpless / having low self-esteem<br />

feeling tearful / feeling anxious or worried<br />

feeling irritable and intolerant of others /<br />

feeling guilt-ridden<br />

having no motivation or interest in things<br />

/ not getting any enjoyment out of life<br />

finding it difficult to make decisions<br />

having suicidal thoughts or thoughts of<br />

harming yourself<br />

Physical symptoms:<br />

moving or speaking more slowly than usual<br />

changes in appetite or weight (usually<br />

decreased, but sometimes increased) /<br />

constipation<br />

unexplained aches and pains<br />

lack of energy / low sex drive (loss of libido) /<br />

changes to your menstrual cycle<br />

disturbed sleep / finding it difficult to fall asleep<br />

at night / waking up very early in the morning<br />

Social symptoms:<br />

not doing well at work<br />

avoiding contact with friends and taking part in<br />

fewer social activities<br />

neglecting your hobbies and interests<br />

having difficulties in your home and family life<br />

Severities of depression<br />

Doctors categorize the symptoms of depression<br />

from mild to severe:<br />

mild depression – has some impact on your<br />

daily life and you may simply feel persistently<br />

low in spirit<br />

moderate depression – has a significant impact<br />

on your daily life<br />

severe depression – makes it almost<br />

impossible to get through daily life; a few people<br />

with severe depression may have psychotic<br />

symptoms and it can make you feel suicidal<br />

and that life is no longer worth living.<br />

How to tell if you have<br />

depression and when<br />

to see a doctor<br />

Most people experience feelings of stress,<br />

unhappiness or anxiety during difficult times.<br />

A low mood may improve after a short period<br />

of time, rather than being a sign of depression.<br />

However, it’s important to seek help from your<br />

www.mhap.co.uk 17


GP if you think you may be depressed. Don’t wait<br />

before seeking help for depression, the sooner<br />

you see a doctor, the sooner you can be on the<br />

way to recovery.<br />

Depression can often come on gradually, so it<br />

can be difficult to notice something is wrong.<br />

Many people try to cope with their symptoms<br />

without realising they’re unwell. It can<br />

sometimes take a friend or family member to<br />

suggest something is wrong.<br />

What causes depression?<br />

Depression is fairly common, affecting about 1 in<br />

10 people at some point during their life. It affects<br />

men and women, young and old. Studies have<br />

shown that about 4% of children aged five to 16 in<br />

the UK are anxious or depressed.<br />

Sometimes there’s a trigger for depression. Lifechanging<br />

events, such as bereavement, losing your<br />

job or even having a baby, can bring it on. People<br />

with a family history of depression are more likely<br />

to experience it themselves. But you can also<br />

become depressed for no obvious reason.<br />

Grief - it can be difficult to distinguish between<br />

grief and depression. They share many of the<br />

same characteristics, but there are important<br />

differences between them. Grief is an entirely<br />

natural response to a loss, while depression is an<br />

illness. People who are grieving find their feelings<br />

of sadness and loss come and go, but they’re<br />

still able to enjoy things and look forward to the<br />

future. In contrast, people who are depressed<br />

constantly feel sad. They don’t enjoy anything<br />

and find it difficult to be positive about the future.<br />

Postnatal Depression – some women<br />

develop depression after they have a baby<br />

and it’s treated in a similar way to other types<br />

of depression, with talking therapies and<br />

antidepressant medicines.<br />

Bipolar Disorder (also known as manic<br />

depression) - there are spells of both<br />

depression and excessively high mood (mania);<br />

the depression symptoms are similar to clinical<br />

depression, but the bouts of mania can include<br />

harmful behaviour, such as gambling, going on<br />

spending sprees and having unsafe sex.<br />

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) – also<br />

known as “winter depression”, SAD is a type<br />

of depression with a seasonal pattern usually<br />

related to winter.<br />

Treating depression<br />

Treatment for depression can involve a<br />

combination of lifestyle changes, talking<br />

therapies and medication. Your recommended<br />

treatment will be based on whether you have<br />

mild, moderate or severe depression.<br />

If you have mild depression, your doctor may<br />

suggest waiting to see whether it improves on<br />

its own, while monitoring your progress. This<br />

is known as “watchful waiting”. They may also<br />

suggest lifestyle measures such as exercise<br />

and self-help groups. Talking therapies, such as<br />

cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), are often<br />

used for mild depression that isn’t improving or<br />

moderate depression. Antidepressants are also<br />

sometimes prescribed.<br />

For moderate to severe depression, a combination<br />

of talking therapy and antidepressants is often<br />

recommended. If you have severe depression, you<br />

may be referred to a specialist mental health team<br />

for intensive specialist talking treatments and<br />

prescribed medication.<br />

Living with depression<br />

Many people with depression benefit by making<br />

lifestyle changes, such as getting more exercise,<br />

cutting down on alcohol, giving up smoking and<br />

eating healthily. Reading a self-help book or<br />

joining a support group are also worthwhile. They<br />

can help you gain a better understanding about<br />

what causes you to feel depressed. Sharing your<br />

experiences with others in a similar situation can<br />

also be very supportive.<br />

Further Help and Information<br />

Other contacts for help with Depression can be<br />

found on our Mental Health Glossary on pages<br />

14 and 15.<br />

18<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


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As a qualified and experienced Counsellor, I offer<br />

a safe, caring and confidential space to help you<br />

explore what’s troubling you.<br />

Home visits & telephone counselling also available.<br />

Flexible appointment times and lengths to suit your<br />

needs.<br />

An exploratory session will help you decide<br />

whether counselling is the right fit for you now or in<br />

the future.<br />

I can help you clarify your thoughts and problems<br />

and find a way forward.<br />

To discuss Counselling or Laughter Yoga in Hampshire,<br />

contact Kate:<br />

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www.mhap.co.uk <strong>19</strong>


Post Natal<br />

Depression<br />

Postnatal depression is a type of depression that<br />

many parents experience after having a baby.<br />

It’s a common problem, affecting more than 1 in<br />

every 10 women and up to 1 in 25 new fathers<br />

within a year of giving birth.<br />

Many women feel a bit down, tearful or anxious<br />

in the first week after giving birth. Having a baby<br />

is a life-changing event and it often takes time to<br />

adapt to becoming a new parent. Looking after a<br />

small baby can be stressful and exhausting. This<br />

is often called the “baby blues” and is so common<br />

that it’s considered normal.<br />

Unlike the “baby blues”, which generally do<br />

not last more than 2 weeks after giving birth,<br />

postnatal depression can start any time in the<br />

first year after giving birth. It’s important to seek<br />

help as soon as possible if you think you might be<br />

depressed, as your symptoms could last months<br />

or get worse and have a significant impact on you,<br />

your baby and your family. With the right support<br />

most women make a full recovery.<br />

Symptoms<br />

There is no evidence that there’s anything<br />

specific you can do to prevent the condition<br />

developing, apart from maintaining a healthy<br />

lifestyle. However, if you or your family have a<br />

history of depression or mental health problems<br />

earlier in life or during and after pregnancy, tell<br />

your GP if you’re pregnant or thinking of having<br />

a baby. If you have had a mental health problem<br />

while pregnant, your doctor should arrange for<br />

you to be seen regularly in the first few weeks<br />

after birth. Signs that you or someone you know<br />

might be depressed include:<br />

a persistent feeling of sadness and low mood<br />

/ lack of enjoyment and loss of interest in the<br />

wider world<br />

lack of energy and feeling tired all the time /<br />

trouble sleeping at night and feeling sleepy<br />

during the day<br />

difficulty bonding with your baby<br />

withdrawing from contact with other people<br />

problems concentrating and making decisions<br />

frightening thoughts – for example, about<br />

hurting your baby<br />

Getting help for<br />

postnatal depression<br />

Speak to your GP or health visitor if you think you<br />

may be depressed. Many health visitors have been<br />

trained to recognise postnatal depression and<br />

have techniques that can help. If they can’t help,<br />

they’ll know someone in your area who can. Don’t<br />

struggle alone hoping that the problem will go<br />

away. Remember that:<br />

a range of help and support is available,<br />

including therapy<br />

depression is an illness like any other / it’s<br />

not your fault you’re depressed – it can happen<br />

to anyone<br />

being depressed doesn’t mean you’re a bad<br />

parent / it doesn’t mean you’re going mad<br />

your baby won’t be taken away from you<br />

– babies are only taken into care in very<br />

exceptional circumstances<br />

Treatments<br />

Postnatal depression can be lonely, distressing and<br />

frightening, but support and effective treatments<br />

are available. These include self-help such as<br />

talking to your family and friends about your<br />

feelings and what they can do to help; making<br />

time for yourself to do things you enjoy; resting<br />

whenever you get the chance and getting as much<br />

sleep as you can at night; exercising regularly;<br />

eating a healthy diet. Psychological therapy and<br />

antidepressants may also be prescribed..<br />

Local and national organisations, such as the<br />

Association for Post Natal Illness (APNI) and Pre<br />

and Postnatal Depression Advice and Support<br />

(PANDAS), can also be useful sources of help and<br />

advice – see pages 14 &15..<br />

20<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


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Anxiety /<br />

Panic Attacks<br />

Anxiety is a normal emotion that we all<br />

experience, such as in the run up to exams or a<br />

job interview. But when anxiety becomes much<br />

more severe this feeling can take over and begin<br />

to interfere with everyday life. Conditions under<br />

the anxiety disorder umbrella include: social<br />

anxiety, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD),<br />

panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder<br />

(OCD), phobias, and post-traumatic stress<br />

disorder (PTSD).<br />

For people with an anxiety disorder, feelings like<br />

stress, panic and worry are longer lasting, more<br />

extreme and far harder to control. Anxiety can<br />

stop people living the life they want – whether<br />

that means not being able to work, see friends or,<br />

in the most severe cases, even leave the house.<br />

As with many mental health conditions, the exact<br />

cause of panic disorder isn’t fully understood.<br />

But it’s thought the condition is probably linked<br />

to a combination of things, including a traumatic<br />

or very stressful life experience, such as<br />

bereavement, having a close family member with<br />

the disorder or an imbalance of neurotransmitters<br />

(chemical messengers) in the brain.<br />

Symptoms<br />

Everyone experiences feelings of anxiety and<br />

panic at certain times. It’s a natural response<br />

to stressful or dangerous situations. But for<br />

someone with panic disorder, feelings of anxiety,<br />

stress, panic or fear occur regularly and at any<br />

time, often for no apparent reason. You may<br />

start to avoid certain situations because you fear<br />

that they will trigger another attack. This can<br />

create a cycle of living “in fear of fear”. It can add<br />

to your sense of panic and may cause you to<br />

have more attacks.<br />

A panic attack is when your body experiences a<br />

rush of intense mental and physical symptoms.<br />

It can come on very quickly and for no apparent<br />

reason and can be very frightening and<br />

distressing. Symptoms may include a racing<br />

heartbeat, feeling faint, sweating, nausea, chest<br />

pain, shortness of breath, trembling, hot flushes,<br />

chills, shaky limbs and, a choking sensation.<br />

Most panic attacks last for between 5 and 20<br />

minutes, but may last up to an hour. The number<br />

of attacks you have will depend on how severe<br />

your condition is, sometimes once or twice a<br />

month, while others have them several times a<br />

week. Although panic attacks are frightening,<br />

they’re not dangerous. An attack won’t cause you<br />

any physical harm, and it’s unlikely that you’ll be<br />

admitted to hospital if you have one.<br />

Treatments for<br />

panic disorder<br />

Panic disorder is treatable and you can make<br />

a full recovery. If you’ve been experiencing<br />

symptoms of panic disorder visit your GP. They’ll<br />

ask you to describe your symptoms, how often<br />

they occur and how long you’ve had them. They<br />

may also carry out a physical examination to<br />

rule out other conditions that could be causing<br />

your symptoms. If you don’t get medical help,<br />

panic disorder can escalate and become very<br />

difficult to cope with. You’re more at risk of<br />

developing other mental health conditions, such<br />

as agoraphobia or other phobias, or an alcohol<br />

or drug problem.<br />

Treatment aims to reduce the number of panic<br />

attacks you have and ease your symptoms,<br />

using one or a combination of Psychological<br />

therapy (based on cognitive behavioural therapy)<br />

and medication. If your symptoms don’t improve<br />

after CBT, medication and connecting with<br />

a support group, your GP may refer you to a<br />

mental health specialist such as a psychiatrist<br />

or clinical psychologist.<br />

22<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


Phobias<br />

A phobia is an overwhelming and debilitating fear<br />

of an object, place, situation, feeling or animal<br />

and they are the most common type of anxiety<br />

disorder. They can affect anyone, regardless of<br />

age, sex and social background. Phobias are more<br />

pronounced than fears. They develop when a<br />

person has an exaggerated or unrealistic sense<br />

of danger about a situation or object. If a phobia<br />

becomes very severe, a person may organise their<br />

life around avoiding the thing that’s causing them<br />

anxiety. As well as restricting their day-to-day life,<br />

it can also cause a lot of distress..<br />

Symptoms<br />

A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder. You may<br />

not experience any symptoms until you come into<br />

contact with the source of your phobia. However,<br />

in some cases, even thinking about the source<br />

of a phobia can make a person feel anxious or<br />

panicky. This is known as anticipatory anxiety.<br />

Symptoms may include:<br />

unsteadiness, dizziness and light-headedness,<br />

nausea,<br />

sweating,<br />

increased heart rate or palpitations,<br />

shortness of breath,<br />

trembling or shaking<br />

an upset stomach.<br />

Types of phobia<br />

There are a wide variety of objects or situations<br />

that someone could develop a phobia about.<br />

However, phobias can be divided into two<br />

main categories:<br />

Specific or simple phobias - centre around a<br />

particular object, animal, situation or activity. They<br />

often develop during childhood or adolescence<br />

and may become less severe as you get older.<br />

Common examples of simple phobias include:<br />

animal phobias – such as dogs, spiders,<br />

snakes or rodents<br />

environmental phobias – such as heights,<br />

deep water and germs<br />

situational phobias – such as visiting the<br />

dentist or flying<br />

bodily phobias – such as blood, vomit or<br />

having injections<br />

sexual phobias – such as performance<br />

anxiety or the fear of getting a sexually<br />

transmitted infection<br />

Complex phobias - tend to be more disabling<br />

than simple phobias. They tend to develop during<br />

adulthood and are often associated with a deeprooted<br />

fear or anxiety about a particular situation<br />

or circumstance. The two most common complex<br />

phobias are:<br />

Agoraphobia – a sufferer will feel anxious about<br />

being in a place or situation where escaping<br />

may be difficult if they have a panic attack.<br />

Social phobia (also known as social anxiety<br />

disorder) - centres around feeling anxious in<br />

social situations.<br />

Causes<br />

Phobias don’t have a single cause, but there are a<br />

number of associated factors. For example:<br />

it may be associated with a particular incident<br />

or trauma,<br />

it may be a response that a person develops<br />

early in life from another family member or<br />

genetics may play a role – there’s evidence<br />

to suggest that some people are born with a<br />

tendency to be more anxious than others.<br />

Treating phobias<br />

Almost all phobias can be successfully treated<br />

and cured. If you have a phobia, you should<br />

seek help from your GP. Simple phobias can<br />

be treated through gradual exposure to the<br />

object, animal, place or situation that causes<br />

fear and anxiety ( known as desensitisation or<br />

self-exposure therapy). Other contacts for help<br />

with Phobias can be found on our Mental Health<br />

Glossary on pages 14 and 15.<br />

www.mhap.co.uk 23


Eating Disorders<br />

An eating disorder is when a person’s relationship<br />

with food becomes abnormal, forcing them to change<br />

their eating habits and behaviours. It can involve<br />

eating too much or too little, or becoming obsessed<br />

with your weight and body shape. It can take over<br />

your life and make you ill. Men and women of any age<br />

can get an eating disorder, but they most commonly<br />

affect young women aged 13 to 17 years old.<br />

Eating problems can disrupt how a person eats<br />

food and absorbs nutrients, which affects physical<br />

health, but can also be detrimental both emotionally<br />

and socially. Eating disorders often occur alongside<br />

other mental health conditions, such as anxiety,<br />

depression, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive<br />

disorder and substance misuse disorders.<br />

Types of eating disorders<br />

Anorexia Nervosa – keeping your weight as low<br />

as possible by restricted food intake and/or<br />

excessive exercise<br />

Bulimia Nervosa – binge eating followed<br />

by deliberate purging (deliberately sick, use<br />

laxatives) to restrict what you eat, or do too much<br />

exercise to try to stop yourself gaining weight<br />

Binge Eating Disorder (BED) – episodes of<br />

overeating in a short space of time until you<br />

feel uncomfortably full, and are then often<br />

upset or guilty<br />

Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder<br />

(OSFED) - when your symptoms don’t exactly<br />

match those of anorexia, bulimia or binge<br />

eating disorder.<br />

Symptoms of eating<br />

disorders include:<br />

dramatic weight loss /spending a lot of time<br />

worrying about your weight and body shape<br />

avoiding socialising when you think food will be<br />

involved<br />

eating very little food / eating a lot of food very<br />

fast / cutting food into small pieces or eating<br />

very slowly<br />

deliberately making yourself sick or taking<br />

laxatives after you eat<br />

wearing loose or baggy clothes to hide<br />

weight loss<br />

exercising excessively or obsessively exercising<br />

lying about how much and when they’ve eaten,<br />

or how much they weigh<br />

having very strict habits or routines around food<br />

changes in your mood<br />

You may also notice physical signs including<br />

feeling cold, tired or dizzy, problems with your<br />

digestion, your weight being very high or very<br />

low for someone of your age and height and not<br />

getting your period for women and girls.<br />

What causes eating disorders?<br />

There is no single reason why someone may<br />

develop an eating disorder - it can be the result<br />

of a combination of genetic, psychological,<br />

environmental, social and biological factors.<br />

Getting help for an<br />

eating disorder<br />

If you think you may have an eating disorder, even<br />

if you aren’t sure, see your GP as soon as you can.<br />

They’ll ask you questions about your eating habits<br />

and how you’re feeling, and will check your overall<br />

health and weight. If they think you may have an<br />

eating disorder, they should refer you to an eating<br />

disorder specialist or team of specialists.<br />

You can also talk in confidence to an adviser from<br />

eating disorders charity Beat by calling their adult<br />

helpline on 0808 801 0677 or youth helpline on<br />

0808 801 0711.<br />

Treatment for eating disorders<br />

While they can be very serious mental health<br />

conditions they are also treatable and, although<br />

it may take a long time, full recovery is possible.<br />

Treatment normally consists of monitoring<br />

a person’s physical health while addressing<br />

the underlying psychological problems with<br />

psychological therapy such as cognitive behavioural<br />

therapy (CBT) or family therapy. Medication such as<br />

a type of antidepressant may also be used.<br />

24<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


Patient Advice and Liaison<br />

Service (PALS) at Queen<br />

Alexandra Hospital<br />

<strong>Portsmouth</strong> Hospitals NHS Trust provides the Patient Advice and Liaison Service (PALS)<br />

at Queen Alexandra Hospital.<br />

PALS is a support service which can help you with any questions or concerns you may<br />

have about the care provided at the hospital. They can then liaise with the relevant<br />

department or individual on your behalf to help answer your queries.<br />

PALS is also here to offer ‘on-the-spot’ advice to visitors and provide information about<br />

other organisations or groups that may be helpful.<br />

The service is free, confidential and<br />

provides impartial information,<br />

advice and support.<br />

@PortHosp | @QAHospitalNews | @QAPatExp<br />

Contact us:<br />

Monday-Friday 9:00am-5:00pm<br />

• Freephone: 0800 917 6039<br />

• Email: PHT.PALS@porthosp.nhs.uk<br />

• Or you can visit us Monday to Friday<br />

(10am to 3pm) at the Main Reception<br />

in Queen Alexandra Hospital<br />

The Trust is working towards a cleaner, healthier<br />

environment for all our staff, patients and visitors.<br />

We operate a smoke-free policy and wishes to advise all<br />

visitors that smoking is not permitted anywhere on the<br />

hospital grounds.<br />

www.mhap.co.uk 25


Help for Suicidal<br />

Thoughts<br />

Suicide is when someone purposely ends their<br />

own life. This section looks at why someone<br />

might think about suicide and how you can<br />

help them. People might think about suicide<br />

for different reasons. There’s no right or wrong<br />

way to talk about suicidal feelings – starting<br />

the conversation is what’s important.<br />

If you are worried that someone may be<br />

thinking about suicide, talk to them. Ask them<br />

about how they are feeling and offer to help.<br />

Talking to someone about their suicidal<br />

thoughts does not make them more likely to<br />

end their life.<br />

You can help someone who is feeling<br />

suicidal by listening to them without judging<br />

them and trying to help them think about<br />

other options.<br />

Helping someone with suicidal thoughts is<br />

likely to have a big impact on you. Find out<br />

what support is available to you. If someone<br />

does try to end their life, this is not your fault.<br />

If you’re feeling like you<br />

want to die, it’s important<br />

to tell someone<br />

Help is available right now if you need it. You<br />

don’t have to struggle with difficult feelings<br />

alone. Talk to someone you trust. Let family<br />

or friends know what’s going on. They may be<br />

able to offer support and help keep you safe.<br />

Alternatively, you could call your GP and ask<br />

for an emergency appointment or call 111 out<br />

of hours – they will help you find the support<br />

and help you need. You could also contact<br />

your mental health crisis team.<br />

Important -<br />

is your life in danger?<br />

If you have seriously harmed yourself – for<br />

example, by taking a drug overdose – call 999<br />

for an ambulance or go straight to A&E or ask<br />

someone else to call 999 or take you to A&E.<br />

Phone a helpline<br />

These free helplines are there to help when<br />

you’re feeling down or desperate. Unless it<br />

says otherwise, they’re open 24 hours a day,<br />

every day.<br />

Samaritans – for everyone<br />

Call 116 123<br />

Email jo@samaritans.org<br />

Campaign Against Living Miserably<br />

(CALM) – for men<br />

Call 0800 58 58 58 – 5pm to midnight<br />

every day<br />

Visit the webchat page<br />

Papyrus – for people under 35<br />

Call 0800 068 41 41 – Mon to Friday 10am<br />

to 10pm, weekends 2pm to 10pm<br />

Text 07786 2<strong>09</strong>697<br />

Email pat@papyrus-uk.org<br />

Childline – for children and<br />

young people under <strong>19</strong><br />

Call 0800 1111 – the number won’t show<br />

up on your phone bill<br />

The Silver Line – for older people<br />

Call 0800 470 80 90<br />

26<br />

to advertise in the next issue of Mental Health Awareness call: 01375 402 546


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Exercise and Mental Health<br />

There are many reasons why physical activity is good<br />

for your body – having a healthy heart and improving<br />

your joints and bones are just two, but did you know<br />

that physical activity is also beneficial for your<br />

mental health and wellbeing?<br />

Various studies suggest that exercise and physical activity<br />

can help with depression and anxiety, stress management<br />

and improving self-esteem. A study in the British Journal of<br />

Psychiatry found that people who engage in regular<br />

leisure-time activity of any intensity are less likely to have<br />

symptoms of depression. This is because exercise releases<br />

natural chemicals, such as serotonin, dopamine and<br />

endorphins into the body which all help boost your mood.<br />

Even just a few minutes of physical activity are better<br />

than none. Start off with 15 – 30 minutes of exercise to<br />

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• UK Increased based Centra confidence telecare to team, live independently all at the touch and of safely a button. at home<br />

• Faster response times to falls and accidents<br />

Why<br />

Why<br />

use<br />

use<br />

telecare?<br />

• Reduced cost telecare? of using technology.<br />

Increased confidence to live independently and safely at home<br />

• Increased confidence to live independently and safely at home<br />

To Faster find out response how we times can help to falls you please and accidents call us on<br />

• Faster response times to falls and accidents<br />

0300 Reduced 456 3548 cost or of visit care www.centragroup.org.uk/ifp<br />

using technology.<br />

• Reduced cost of care using technology.<br />

To find out how we can help you please call us on<br />

To find out how we can help you please call us on<br />

0300 #lifeisforliving<br />

456 3548 or visit www.centragroup.org.uk/ifp<br />

0300 456 3517 3548 or visit www.centragroup.org.uk/ifp<br />

#lifeisforliving<br />

#lifeisforliving<br />

201 Centra Southend ad A5.indd 1 18/06/20<strong>19</strong> 10:20:57<br />

201.06.<strong>19</strong>

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