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Community Assessment 2020-2025

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SACRAMENTO

COUNTY

COMMUNITY

ASSESSMENT

2020–2025

Prepared by the Sacramento Employment and Training Agency in collaboration with

delegate agencies, partners, parents, board members and community stakeholders.


Contents

Executive Summary

Sacramento County Demographics

Child Care Supply and Demand

Health Services

Disabilities

School Readiness/Child Outcomes

Social Services/Parent Needs

Community Resources

Conclusions

Data Sources

Acknowledgements

Executive Summary

Sacramento County Demographics

Sacramento County Description

Population

Race/Ethnic Diversity

Language Diversity

Birth Rates

Unemployment/Wages

Poverty

Housing/Homelessness

Foster Care

Child Care Supply and Demand

Number of Eligible Children

Service Area/Geographic Locations

Licensed Capacity

Sacramento County’s Early Learning Roadmap

Health Services

Access to Health Care

Physical Examinations/Health Screenings

Obesity

Oral Health

Child Abuse and Neglect

Tobacco Use

Infant Mortality Rate

Teen Pregnancy Rates

Immunization Levels

Asthma

Blood Lead

Disabilities

Number of Children with Disabilities

Special Education Enrollment

School Readiness/Child Outcomes

School Readiness

Academic Achievement in Elementary School

English Language Learners

Head Start Outcomes

CLASS

Social Services/Parent Needs

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

Staff Survey Results

Parent Survey Results

Community Resources

Conclusions

Analysis

Priorities

5-Year Goals

Data Sources

Acknowledgements


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Head Start (HS) was established in 1965 to promote school readiness for children in low-income

families. Head Start offers an array of services including education, nutrition, health and oral

health including pediatric screenings, and social services to assist low-income families. In 1994

Congress passed a landmark Head Start Reauthorization which created Early Head Start (EHS) to

serve families from prenatal to the age of 3. This reauthorization allowed Head Start to impact

families from pregnant women all the way to kindergarten.

The Sacramento Employment and Training Agency (SETA) was established in 1978 as a Joint

Powers Agency of the City and County of Sacramento. SETA received its first Head Start grant

in 1981, just three years after the agency was established.

SETA Head Start Mission

The SETA Head Start Mission is to improve the lives of low-income children by providing quality

comprehensive child development services that are family-focused, including education, health,

nutrition, and mental health.

This is accomplished by involving parents in the total operation and administration of the program

and supporting the growth of children, families, and staff through encouragement, nurturing,

education and empowerment.

The Head Start Program Performance Standards require grantees to “design a program that meets

community needs, and builds on strengths and resources, a program must conduct a community

assessment at least once over the five-year grant period.” (45 CFR 1302.11 (b)). Each Head Start

grantee is required to look at the following information when performing a community assessment:

1. The number of eligible children ages 0-5, expectant mothers, including geographic

location, race, ethnicity, and languages are spoken. Children experiencing homelessness,

children in foster care, children with disabilities, and services provided to these children.

2. Education, health, nutrition, and social service needs of eligible children and their

families.

3. Typical work, school and training schedules of families with eligible children.

4. Other child development, and/or family childcare programs in the same service area and

number of children served.

5. Resources that are available in the community to address the needs of eligible children

and their families.

6. Strengths of the community.

This information is used to help determine the grantee's long and short-range goals and objectives,

including services provided, program options provided, center locations, home-based program

service areas, recruitment, and selection strategies as well as all other aspects of the program.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 1


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Service Hours / Program Options

SETA, its delegate agencies, and partners offer many different program options and models from

which parents may choose. The following charts show the funded enrollment for the 2019-2020

grant year and the many different program options that are offered countywide:

Head Start / Preschool (3-5 years old)

SETA

Elk Grove

USD

Sacramento

City USD

San Juan

USD

Twin

Rivers USD

WCIC

5 Days/Week, Year-Round

4 hrs/day 720

6-6.5 hrs/day 60 336 660

7 hrs/day 32

8 hrs/day 240

9 hrs/day 160

5 Days/Week, Traditional School Year

6-6.5 hrs/day 40 60 170 140

7 hrs/day 48

8 hrs/day 20

4 Days/Week, Traditional School Year

3.5-4 hrs/day 100 380 320 222

6.5 hrs/day 293

7.5 hrs/day 120

Home-Based

123

TOTAL 1,756 440 736 1,052 140 120

Early Head Start 1 / Infants and Toddlers (0-3 years old)

SETA San Juan USD Twin Rivers USD

6.5 hrs/day 40

8 hrs/day 215 80

9 hrs/day 87

Home-based 367 80

TOTAL 669 160 40

1

Includes EHS-CCP

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 2


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Enrollment

SETA, its delegate agencies, and partners currently serve 4,244 Head Start children ages 3-5 and

869 Early Head Start children ages 0-3. The following chart shows the enrollment numbers over

the past five-year grant cycle, 2015-2020.

PIR HS/EHS Actual Enrollment

Sacramento County : 5 Years

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

HS EHS HS EHS HS EHS HS EHS HS EHS

2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 2019-2020*

*2019-2020 numbers reflect funded enrollment, as the year-end cumulative total has not occurred.

Enrollment numbers for Head Start have slightly decreased over the five-year grant period while

enrollment numbers for Early Head Start have increased over the same period of time. This is due

to several enrollment conversions where SETA converted a total of 514 Head Start enrollment

slots to 132 high-demand Early Head Start enrollment slots to address under-served

infants/toddlers in Sacramento County. During this same time period, SETA also under-went an

enrollment reduction of 99 enrollment slots due to federal budgetary reductions, known as

Sequestration.

Service Area

Sacramento is home to seven incorporated cities, Sacramento, Folsom, Isleton, Galt, Citrus

Heights, Elk Grove, and Rancho Cordova and encompasses approximately 994-square miles in the

middle of the 400-mile long Central Valley, which is California's prime agricultural region. The

County is bordered by Contra Costa and San Joaquin Counties on the south, Amador and El

Dorado Counties on the east, Placer and Sutter Counties on the north, and Yolo and Solano

Counties on the west.

SETA, its delegate agencies, and partners serve families located throughout Sacramento,

California. The map below shows each child development center offering Head Start/Early Head

Start services.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 3


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Demographics

• Sacramento is currently the 6 th largest city in California and the population is projected to

keep growing.

• Children aged zero to five (119,140) account for 7% of the residents in Sacramento County.

• The racial, ethnic, and cultural diversity of the population in Sacramento County continues

to increase for age groups 25 and up, particularly for the 65 and older. There is a significant

decrease in the 18-24 age group population.

• 17% of students enrolled in Sacramento County public schools are English Language

Learners (ELL); compared to 19.3% of the students in the state.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 4


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

• Sacramento County’s current unemployment rate is 3.2%, which has steadily declined over

the past 6 years.

• Certain communities in Sacramento County (Arden Arcade, Florin and North Highlands)

have had a significant increase of children who live in poverty since 2007.

• Current counts found 1,905 more people living on the streets, in cars or in shelter beds

since 2017, raising the estimated number of homeless people countywide to 5,570. This

marks a roughly 52% jump in homelessness compared to two years ago when the survey

found 3,665 homeless people living in the county.

• 16.7% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Sacramento County

(246,000 people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national

average of 13.4%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed

by Females 18 - 24 and then Males 25 - 34.

• From January 2017 to April 2019, the median rent in Sacramento rose 14 percent,

compared to a five percent (5%) increase nationally.

Child Care Supply & Demand

• With a decreased unemployment rate, working parents/guardians with young children need

longer hours for early care.

• Childcare in Sacramento County remains at high demand, with a current licensed capacity

to serve only 27% of children with working parents.

• Based on population growth estimates, the demand for childcare in the county will continue

to outpace available slots.

• SETA, along with its delegate agencies and partners, serve approximately 13% of the

eligible preschool population in Head Start and approximately 6% of the eligible

infant/toddlers in Early Head Start.

• Despite the high demand for child care, Head Start has had challenges with enrollment.

Health and Social Services

• 98.5% of the residents in Sacramento County have insurance coverage, compared to 99%

of the families served in Head Start this past grant year.

• The infant mortality rate in Sacramento County is lower than the national average but

higher than the California average.

• Teen pregnancies are trending downwards for all races/ethnicities throughout Sacramento

County.

• 99% of the children served in the Head Start program this past grant year are up to date on

immunizations, compared to external data that shows 93% of all kindergarteners are up to

date.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 5


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

• The county-wide survey results shows the biggest challenges families have faced over the

past year were the cost of utilities, child care, employment, affordable housing, and

transportation.

Disabilities

• The number of children ages 0-5 with a disability has steadily increased over the past five

years.

• Speech and Language impairments have the highest number of children diagnosed for both

the county data and the second-highest for internal data.

• The highest categorical disability of enrolled Head Start children is speech and language.

• Qualifying for services continues to be a problem for families throughout the county.

School Readiness

• Elementary school student performance has improved but there continues to be subgroup

populations that have lower assessment results.

• Head Start was established to address these subgroup student populations that struggle and

help them to be at or above grade level when they enter kindergarten.

• Countywide Head Start data shows that children are progressing and improving.

• SETA scores significantly higher than the national average in CLASS scores. This

translates to stronger teachers and better classroom environments.

Children from Job Corps

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 6


SACRAMENTO COUNTY

DEMOGRAPHICS

Sacramento County Description

Population

Race/Ethnic Diversity

Language Diversity

Birth Rates

Unemployment/Wages

Poverty

Housing/Homelessness

Foster Care

Sacramento is currently the 6 th largest city in California

and the population is projected to keep growing.

Children aged zero to five accounts for 7% of the

residents in Sacramento County.

The racial, ethnic, and cultural diversity of the population

in Sacramento County continues to increase for age

groups 25 and up, particularly for the 65 and older. There

is a significant decrease in the 18-24 age group

population.

17% of students enrolled in Sacramento County public

schools are English Language Learners (ELL); compared

to 19.3% of the students in the state.

Sacramento County’s current unemployment rate is 3%,

the steady decline started 6 years ago.

Certain communities in Sacramento County (Arden

Arcade, Florin and North Highlands) have had a significant

increase of children who live in poverty since 2007.

Current counts found 1,905 more people living on the

streets, in cars or in shelter beds since 2017, raising the

estimated number of homeless people countywide to

5,570. This marks a roughly 52% jump in homelessness

compared to two years ago, when the survey found 3,665

homeless people living in the county.

16.7% of the population for whom poverty status is determined

in Sacramento County (246,000 people) live below

the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national

average of 13.4%. The largest demographic living in poverty

are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24

and then Males 25 - 34.

The average rent for an apartment (approx. 823 square

feet) in Sacramento is $1,430, a 5% increase compared to

the previous year.


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

SACRAMENTO COUNTY DESCRIPTION

Sacramento is the capital city of California, located at the confluence of the Sacramento

River and the American River in Northern California's Sacramento Valley. Sacramento's

estimated population of 508,529 makes it the sixth-largest city in California and the ninth-largest

capital in the United States. Sacramento is the seat of the California Legislature and the Governor

of California, making it the state's political center and a hub for lobbying and think tanks.

Sacramento is also the cultural and economic core of the Sacramento metropolitan area and home

to an estimated 1.5 million people, with more than a half-million residents living in

unincorporated Sacramento County, making it the fifth-largest in California.

Sacramento County encompasses

approximately 994-square miles in the

middle of the 400-mile long Central

Valley, which is California's prime

agricultural region. The County is

bordered by Contra Costa and San

Joaquin Counties on the south, Amador

and El Dorado Counties on the east,

Placer and Sutter Counties on the north,

and Yolo and Solano Counties on the

west. Sacramento is home to seven

incorporated cities, Sacramento,

Folsom, Isleton, Galt, Citrus Heights,

Elk Grove, and Rancho Cordova.

Many of the county’s newer residents have relocated from the San Francisco Bay Area and

Southern California, drawn here by Sacramento’s employment opportunities, accessible

homeownership, reasonable cost of living and competitive salaries.

Sacramento County is guided by a five-member Board of Supervisors, as mandated by the

county charter. The County Executive, who oversees the day-to-day operations of county

government, reports directly to the board on a range of issues, including finances, operations and

services, policy development and implementation, and legislative oversight.

FUN FACTS

• Commonly known as the City of Trees and Farm to Fork Nation.

• Voted one of the five “most livable” regions in America.

• Ranked #6 in the nation for clean technology.

• Home to California State University, Sacramento and the Los Rios

Community College District including American River, Sacramento City,

Cosumnes River, and Folsom-Lake Colleges.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 7


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

POPULATION

Currently, there are 1,540,975 people living in Sacramento County,

representing a 1.07% growth from the previous year. The City of

Sacramento has a population of 508,529. The population estimate for

children and youth under age 25 in Sacramento County is 494,986. Of

these, 119,140 are children ages 0 through 5. In Sacramento County,

children under 5 account for 8% of the total population. Children and

youth age 17 and under make up 24% of the total population in the

county. (United States Census). The median age is 37; 42% married

with spouse present and an average family size 3.31. The number of

people in Sacramento County is projected to continue to grow. This is

anticipated to be true over all age groups.

CHILDREN 5 AND

UNDER ACCOUNT

FOR 8% OF

THE TOTAL

POPULATION.

The population has grown by 9.17% since 2010. With the continued increase in population, the

racial and ethnic make-up of the County becomes more diverse. The following chart shows the

estimated composition of the population in Sacramento County based on July 2018 population

estimates.

SOURCE: U.S. Census 2018 Estimates

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 8


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

RACE / ETHNIC DIVERSITY

The following chart from the Missouri Data Center illustrates the population trends in age groups

and racial and ethnic diversity in Sacramento County in the period 2006-2018. The racial, ethnic,

and cultural diversity of the population in Sacramento County continues to increase for age

groups 25 and up, particularly for the 65 and older where there is a large within-group change.

There is a decrease in the 18-24 age group population overall, with a significant within-group

change.

Internal Data

SETA, its delegate agencies and partners serve a very diverse population of families. A 5-year

comparison of enrollment data reflects the diversity of children who have attended the program,

showing a consistent pattern over the five-year period. The families’ race reflects an approximate

50-50 split of Hispanic and Non-Hispanic families with Ethnicity as follows:

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 9


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

HS CHILD RACE/ETHNICTY

2018-

2019

13%

24%

40%

8%

13%

2017-

2018

14%

24%

36%

7%

14%

2016-

2017

13%

27%

31%

7%

18%

2015-

2016

11%

27%

31%

6%

20%

2014-

2015

11%

27%

30%

6%

21%

Asian Black or African American White Bi-racial/Multi-racial Other or Unspecified

The Sacramento County Head Start/Early Head Start programs employ 1,145 diverse staff

that meets the cultural and logistic needs of enrolled families. Thirty-five percent (35%) of

teaching staff are White; 23% Asian; 17% Black; 6% Bi-racial; 3% American Indian/Alaskan

Native; 2% are Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander and 14% Other/Non-specified. Sixty percent

(60%) of Sacramento County Head Start/Early Head Start teaching staff speak a language other

than English, of which 25% are proficient in more than one language other than English.

Additionally, many Head Start/Early Head Start

communities have experienced a significant increase in

refugee families from Afghanistan, Iran/Iraq and Syria,

resulting in the need to continue to recruit and hire

qualified staff who speak the language and represent the

culture.

Children from Norma Johnson

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 10


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

LANGUAGE DIVERSITY

According to the 2017 U.S. Census Estimates the following are the top spoken languages of

households throughout Sacramento County.

Sacramento County Languages

80.0%

60.0%

40.0%

20.0%

0.0%

67.0%

13.7% 4.4% 3.3% 3.1% 2.7% 2.1% 1.4% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4%

Series2

In the 2018-19 school year, there were 246,663 students enrolled in public schools in Sacramento

County, and more than 60 languages were spoken in these students’ homes. A total of 17% of

students enrolled in Sacramento County public schools are English Language Learners (ELL),

compared to 19.3% of the ELL students in the state. (California Department of Education,

Educational Demographics Office).

Spanish is the most prevalent language of the ELL students; in 2018-2019 with more than

20,000 students in Sacramento County speaking Spanish. The next largest group of ELL students

is Russian, with over 3,000 and the third largest group is Hmong at 2,776. The following chart

shows the top 10 languages spoken by students enrolled in public schools throughout Sacramento

County.

1.43%

0.98%

0.89% 0.82% 0.81%

1.33%

15.94%

1.64%

2.18%

2.27%

Spanish

Russian

Hmong

Vietnamese

Cantonese

Other non-English languages

SOURCE: California Department of Education, Educational Demographics Office

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 11


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Internal Data

Sacramento County PIR data over the past 5 years reflects that Spanish is the primary language

with about a quarter of enrolled children in Head Start/Early Head Start, which slightly declined

in the past 3 years, as the percentage of Middle Eastern languages (Arabic, Farsi, Hindi, Urdu,

Hebrew) identified as the primary language at home significantly increased to 9% in 2018-2019.

All other languages maintained the same percentages in the past five years with approximately 6%

Asian languages (Chinese, Vietnamese, Hmong, Tagalog) and 1% European/Slavic, African and

Pacific Island languages. The following chart shows program data over the past five-year grant

period and languages are spoken at home for both HS and EHS.

80

PIR HS/EHS Family Home Languages: 5 Years

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

HS EHS HS EHS HS EHS HS EHS HS EHS

2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 2019-2020*

English Spanish Middle Eastern East Asian European/Slavic Other/Unspecified

*2019-2020 data is based on current enrollment data and not year-end totals.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 12


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

UNEMPLOYMENT / WAGES

Unemployment

As with the rest of the nation, the unemployment rate in Sacramento County has steadily

decreased over the past decade. The unemployment rate has ranged from 13.0% in January

2011 to 3.2% in November 2019, where it is today. The following graph reflects the decline of

the unemployment rate in the County over the past 6 years.

8.0%

7.0%

6.0%

5.0%

4.0%

3.0%

2.0%

1.0%

Sacramento County Unemployment Rate

0.0%

September- September- September- September- September- September-

14 15 16 17 18 19

Unemp. Rate 6.9% 5.6% 5.4% 4.3% 3.5% 3.1%

SOURCE: California Employment Development Department

According to the American

Community Survey 2016 1-year and

2015 5-year Estimates,

approximately 72,899 children 0-12

are raised in single-parent family

households,

representing

approximately 34%. This is a 3.6%

increase from two years prior.

Data Source: As cited on kidsdata.org, U.S.

Census Bureau, American Community Survey

(Dec. 2018).

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 13


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

With these positive trends, more families with young children need access to more child care

options with longer hours of care.

Trades / Industry

The economy of Sacramento County employs 705,000 people. The largest industries include

Health Care & Social Assistance (98,994 people), Retail Trade (75,184 people), and Public

Administration (74,025 people), and the highest paying industries are Management of Companies

& Enterprises ($96,042), Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($82,733), and Utilities

($81,672).

Household Income

The median household income in Sacramento County is $63,045. Males in Sacramento County

have an average income that is 1.26 times higher than the average income of females, which is

$59,658. The income inequality in Sacramento County (measured using the Gini index) is 0.497,

which is higher than the national average. In Head Start, since one-parent households are largely

single moms, the lower-income affects their ability to pay for affordable child care.

Effective January 1, 2020, the minimum wage in Sacramento County

is $13.00 per hour. A one-parent household, working full-time at

minimum wage, with one child would make too much money to qualify

for subsidized services. The gap will only widen as the minimum wage

continues to increase in 2021 to $14.00/hour and in 2022 to

$15.00/hour. These increases will continue to reduce eligibility and

access to high-quality subsidized care and education for families;

burdening them to find alternative options but without the

comprehensive services Head Start is known to provide.

Cost of Living in Sacramento County

The cost of living index is based on a U.S. average of 100. An amount

below 100 means Sacramento is cheaper than the U.S. average. A

cost of living index above 100 means Sacramento is more expensive.

Sacramento’s cost of living is 118.2, compared to California at an

average of 149.9.

$63,045

Median

Household Income

5.43%

1 Year Growth

±3.57%

Housing is the biggest factor in the cost of living difference with the median home price in

Sacramento at $327,300, compared to the average home cost of $552,800 in California. The

average rent of a studio apartment in Sacramento is $853/month followed by a 1-bedroom at

$968/month, 2-bedroom at $1,220/month, 3-bedroom at $1,764/month and a 4-bedroom at

$2,143/month. With a full-time, minimum wage paying job, the gross pay would be $2,253 per

month, barely enough to pay for rent.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 14


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Family Self-Sufficiency

Currently, the Self-Sufficiency Standard for

a family of two parents and one school-aged

child in Sacramento County is an annual

income of $48,335. This number is

significantly higher than Federal Poverty

Level, as is evidenced by the fact that while

20.7% of Sacramento County families with

children live below the Federal Poverty Level,

over half (51.1%) live below the Self-

Sufficiency Standard.

Internal Data

Galt Parent Meeting/STEM Activity

In the 2018-2019 program year, out of 5,185 Head Start families enrolled, 49% (2,520) were oneparent

families and 51% (2,665) were two-parent families. In EHS, out of 1,123 enrolled families,

52% (579) were one-parent families and 48% (544) were two-parent families. This is similarly

representative of Sacramento County.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 15


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

POVERTY

The poverty rate in Sacramento is 19.8%, compared to 15.1% across

California. This means Sacramento has a significantly higher than

average percentage of residents below the poverty line when compared

to the rest of California. This is slightly higher than the national average

of 13.4%.

The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34,

followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Males 25 - 34.

1 OUT 5

RESIDENTS OF

SACRAMENTO

LIVES IN POVERTY

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line

in Sacramento County is Black with 26.5%, followed by Hispanic, American Indian, and White.

This is on par with the national average.

The chart below illustrates the poverty trend in the past 10 years among children zero to five in

Sacramento County. In certain communities (Arden-Arcade, Florin, and North Highlands), the

percentage of children living in poverty has increased since 2007.

Source: U.S. Census Tables 17001 ACS for 2012 & 2017, 5-Yr. Est., & Table B17001 ACS for 2007 3-Yr. Est., for Sacramento

County

Family Structure and Poverty

Family structure and poverty rates based on median income are strongly correlated. The chart

below illustrates that from 2012-2017, single-parent household income remained stagnant.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 16


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

SOURCE: Source: U.S. Census Table B19126 2012 and 2017, ACS5-Year Est., & U.S. Census Table B19126 2007 3-Year Est.,

for Sacramento County

For comparison, the Living Wage Calculator for Sacramento County reports that the annual

income necessary to make a single-parent household with two children minimally self-sufficient

is $67,122, or $32.27 per hour if the parent is employed full-time. The graph above reflects a 2017

median annual salary of $29,831 for single mothers – a median income decline of over $1,000 in

ten years. For a two-parent household with two children and one parent working, the annual

income for minimal self-sufficiency is less at $56,014 or $26.93 per hour, if one parent is employed

full-time and the other parent provides childcare and other services for the family. The 2017

American Community Survey (ACS) reports that persons with incomes below the Federal Poverty

Level in Sacramento County account for 16.7% of the total population, or 246,203 persons living

in poverty. Female-headed households represent almost 72.5% of all single-parent households and

almost 82% of all single-parent households live in poverty. Among single-parent households with

children under 18, 32.9% were living below federal poverty guidelines. Among female-headed

households, the rate was 37% or 3.5 times the poverty rate for married-couple families (10.5%).

For female-headed households with children 5 and under, the poverty rate was 42.8%.

Internal Data

Historically, Sacramento County Head Start/Early Head Start participants with eligibility status of

100% Federal Poverty comprised 59%-62% (Head Start) and 63%-84% of enrolled participants.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 17


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

PIR HS/EHS Eligibility Status: 5 Years

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

HS EHS HS EHS HS EHS HS EHS

2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019

100% Poverty % Overincome % Foster care

Young Children in Poverty

According to the Sacramento Children’s Coalition Children’s Report Card, the county had

experienced a slight downturn in children’s poverty before 2007, but after the economic downturn

late last decade, the numbers began to rise again. The Report Card also finds that more than

100,000 children currently live in poverty in Sacramento County and that these children are

more likely to experience a lower quality of life as adults, including poorer health, educational

attainment, and employment outcomes.

Poverty and Food Insecurity

Food insecurity is defined as a lack of consistent, reliable access to nutritious food. Among other

complications, it can lead to chronic health conditions, poor oral health, behavior problems in

children, and poor academic performance. The organization, Feeding America, determined that in

2016, Sacramento County had a food insecurity rate of 15.6%, representing 230,210 people.

Another method to identify and/or estimate the eligible population needing Head Start/Early Head

Start in Sacramento County is through student eligibility to receive free or reduced-price USDA

school meals. In 2015, 49.3 % of students were eligible to receive free, and 8.8% were eligible

to receive a reduced price in Sacramento County. A child's family income must fall below

130% of the federal poverty guidelines ($33,475/year for a family of 4) to qualify for free meals,

or below 185% of the federal poverty guidelines ($47,638/year for a family of 4) to qualify for

reduced price meals.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 18


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Student Eligibility to Receive Free or Reduced Price School Meals,

by Eligibility Status: 2015

Data Source: As cited on kidsdata.org, California Dept. of Education, Student Poverty FRPM Data (Mar. 2016)

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), called CalFresh in California is a federal

poverty program aimed to assist eligible families in their nutrition needs. In a December 2016

report, California Food Policy Advocates noted that among states in 2013, California ranked

third to last in their participation in the, with 66% of eligible Californians receiving

assistance. This is an improvement; in 2011 California ranked last, with 55% of eligible

Californians receiving assistance. In response, the State of California eliminated numerous barriers

to participants’ applications and continued eligibility. During 2017, the California Department of

Social Services website reported that 98,820 households (18.2% of all households) received

CalFresh benefits in Sacramento County; 205,408 individuals received CalFresh benefits, and

46.3% of those recipients were children.

Internal Data

From 2018-2019 countywide PIR data, 30% of enrolled

Head Start families and 26% of Early Head Start families

received SNAP (CalFresh). Additionally, 45% (HS) and

53% (EHS) received WIC services.

Children from North Avenue

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 19


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Housing

HOUSING AND HOMELESSNESS

As with the rest of California, lack of affordable housing in Sacramento County is a main

contributing factor in the growth in homelessness in the region. The following chart shows the

median rent for Sacramento County and the needed hourly salary to afford that rent at 30% of the

total monthly income.

Source: US Department of Housing and Urban Development Data 2019

From January 2017 to April 2019, the median rent in Sacramento rose 14 percent, compared to

a five percent (5%) increase nationally; and from 2017-2018 Sacramento faced the highest rent

increases among California cities. Nearly 30% of all renters in Sacramento County spend more

than 50% of their monthly income in rent (Results from the 2019 Point in Time Count).

Children from Sharon Neese

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 20


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Homelessness

The following chart shows the Homeless population estimates based on the “Point in Time

Homeless Count”.

Homeless Population Numbers 2007-2019

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0

Chronically Homeless Unsheltered Homeless Total Homeless

5,570

3,900

2,452

1,671

1,005

718

2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

According to the “2019 Point in Time Homeless Count” it estimates the total number of

individuals that will experience homelessness in Sacramento County during 2019 to be

between 10,000 and 11,000. 30% of these meet the HUD definition of “Chronic Homelessness”,

93% of the people surveyed identified as “long-term residents” of Sacramento County or from

Sacramento County. Approximately 20% of the homeless population in the county is made

up of families and 52% of these live unsheltered. The majority (90-95%) of homeless families

in the country live in shelters (2019 Point in Time Homeless County). Other key facts from the

2019 Point in Time Homeless Count:

• 21 percent (21%) have a severe psychiatric condition (such as severe depression or

schizophrenia).

• Eight percent (8%) indicated an on-going medical condition (diabetes, cancer, or heart

disease).

• Nine percent (9%) reported that their use of alcohol or drugs prevents them from keeping

a job or maintaining stable housing.

• Most who indicated having a disabling condition (77%) cited two or more specific

conditions; the most common combination was a psychiatric condition with cognitive or

physical impairment.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 21


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

The experience of being homeless clearly compounds the effects of health and mental health

conditions. Older adults are more likely to report an on-going medical condition (54%) and a

mental or physical disability (66%), compared to younger adults. Though these conditions

contribute to challenges that older adults face, they were not more or less likely to say that these

conditions were severe enough to prevent them from obtaining employment or securing housing,

as compared to unsheltered homeless (41% vs 40%).

The following chart shows the racial/ethnic breakup of the homeless population in Sacramento

County comparing the sheltered population with the unsheltered population:

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

83% 81%

0.40% 0.10% 19%

64% 53%

50%

47%

45%

34%

40%

17%

31%

0.50% 0.50%

1% 1%

3%

10% 1% 10% 6%

3%

Unsheltered

Sheltered

Public Schools and Homelessness

During the 2015-16 school year, more than 1.3 million children in the U.S. public school

system were homeless, a historic high for the nation (National Center For Homeless Education,

2017). In California, 275,448 public school students (4.4%) were recorded as being homeless at

some point during the 2015-2016 school year. This accounts for approximately one-fifth of all homeless

public school students in the U.S. that year and has ranked 48 th of all 50 states in performance issues of

child homelessness. (National Center for Homeless Education, 2017). This number is up from 2010-2011

when 220,708 public school students (3.6%) were reported to be homeless. More than half of all homeless

public school students in California (52.3%) were enrolled in Pre-Kindergarten through Grade 5 in 2015-

2016, while 20.1% were in Grades 6-8 and 27.6% in Grades 9-12. Sharing housing with friends or

relatives ('doubling up') was the most common type of nighttime residence among homeless students

statewide (85.2%) (Kidsdata).

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 22


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Homelessness effect on Children

“Homelessness causes severe trauma to children and youth, disrupting their relationships, putting

their health and safety at risk, and hampering their development. Homeless children are more

likely than other children to experience hunger and malnutrition and to develop physical

and mental health problems. Emotional distress, developmental delays, and decreased

academic achievement are also more common among this population. Many of these children

and youth experience deep poverty, family instability, and exposure to domestic violence before

becoming homeless, and homelessness increases their vulnerability to additional trauma”

(Bassuk, 2014). In addition to the risks faced by homeless children, including increased

vulnerability to sexual exploitation, youth without homes are far more likely than their peers to

be infected with HIV and have other serious health problems (Walker, 2013).

Internal Data

For both Head Start and Early Head Start, 175 families reported experiencing homelessness within

the program year, nearly 2.5% of enrolled families. Of those, 60 (34%) acquired housing during

the program year as a result of Head Start services.

Children from Mather

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 23


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

FOSTER CARE

The number of children in foster care has remained relatively flat over the past five years. In 2018,

there were 2,392 children in foster care in Sacramento County, which is 2.9% less than in

2013. The largest percentage of children who enter the foster care system are age five or less, with

infants consistently having higher rates of first entry into care than older children.

Statewide, the median length of stay for children entering foster care in 2017 was 17.4

months. After declining from 17.2 in 2001 to a low of 13.2 in 2009, the median number of months

in foster care increased in seven of the eight years that followed. For children entering care for the

first time in 2017, 34% were reunified with their families and 64% were still in foster care one

year after entry.

The following chart shows the exit outcomes for Foster Care youth upon exiting.

150%

2017 Foster Youth Exit Outcomes Comparison

100%

50%

Sacrament

o County

California

0%

H.S. Diploma/ Equivalent Employed Housing Permanency Connection

Source: California Child Welfare Indicators Project, U.C. Berkeley

Children in foster care are at increased risk for a variety of emotional, physical, behavioral, and

academic problems, with outcomes generally worse for children in group homes (Children Need

Amazing Parents/CHAMPS 2019). Recognizing this, advocates and policymakers have made

efforts to prevent children from entering the system and to safely reduce the number of children

living in foster care, particularly in group homes (National Conference of State Legislatures 2019).

While the number of children in foster care nationally has decreased since the 2000s, it has risen

in recent years, and California continues to have the largest number of children entering the

system each year (US Department of Health and Human Services). Further, children of color

continue to be over-represented in the foster care system; in California, for example, African

American/Black children make up 23% of foster children but only 6% of the general child

population.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 24


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Internal Data

In the 2018-2019 program year, there were 71 enrolled children in foster care. This makes up

approximately 1% of the cumulative enrollment and was consistent with the past five years.

Child from Nedra Court

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 25


CHILD CARE SUPPLY

AND DEMAND

Number of Eligible Children

Service Area/

Geographic Locations

With decreased unemployment rate, working parents/

guardians with young children need longer hours for early

care.

Childcare in Sacramento County remains at high demand,

with a current licensed capacity to serve only 27% of

children with working parents.

Based on population growth estimates, the demand for

childcare in the county will continue to outpace available

slots.

Sacramento County Head Start currently serves about

22% of the eligible population.

Despite the demand for child care, Head Start has had

challenges with enrollment.

Licensed Capacity

Sacramento County’s

Early Learning Roadmap

Homelessness


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE CHILDREN

In 2020, the projected childhood population for age group 0-4 years old is 97,408. In 2017,

there were 475 licensed childcare centers and 1,254 licensed family childcare homes with a

licensed capacity (available slots) to serve only 27% of the children with parents in the labor force.

This means 73% of children needing care did not have available slots. (Kidsdata)

In 2017, the available childcare supply in Sacramento County was 84% for full-time and part-time

slots in licensed childcare centers. In licensed family child care homes, there were 90% full-time

and part-time slots available. In childcare centers, the average annual cost for infant care is $13,760

and $9,403 for preschoolers (in 2016) and in family child care homes, $8,968 for infants and

$8,403 for preschoolers (in 2016) (Kidsdata).

According to a report released in spring 2016 by the American Institutes for Research, 59% of

three- and four-year-old children who are eligible are not currently served in state preschool,

other Title 5 programs, Head Start, or Transitional Kindergarten. (Sacramento County Early

Learning Roadmap: Prenatal Through Age Eight, 2017–2022)

Despite the diminishing number of available slots for children from low-income families, the

Head Start/Early Head Start program has had challenges with maintaining full enrollment

across the county, particularly part-day programs. Possible explanations include an increase

of available slots through State Preschool and Transitional Kindergarten; parents don’t know about

the program; other options are more appealing because the enrollment process is easier and/or

conveniently located on a school campus; parents may not fully understand the value of preschool

and keep their children at home.

Children from Bright Beginnings

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 26


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

SERVICE AREA AND GEOGRAPHIC LOCATIONS

Sacramento County Head Start and Early Head Start are served by the grantee (SETA), five

delegate agencies and two partners.

Four delegate agencies are school districts and one is a community based not-for-profit

agency. Each delegate agency serves families in their respective parts of Sacramento County,

which is a large, urban region that includes the cities of Sacramento, Citrus Heights, Galt, Folsom,

Isleton, Elk Grove, Rancho Cordova and the unincorporated areas of the county. The county

encompasses nearly one thousand square miles and has a total of fifteen school districts.

The four school district delegate agencies serve

families within their district boundaries: Elk Grove

Unified School District covers 320 square miles

and serves 62,866 Pre-K-12 students in 67 different

locations. Elk Grove is the largest district area in all

of California. Sacramento City Unified School

District covers 70 square miles and serves 43,000

Pre-K-12 students in 76 different school locations.

San Juan Unified School District covers 77 square

miles and serves 40,299 Pre-K-12 students in 65

different locations. Twin Rivers Unified School

District covers 120 square miles and serves 27,000

Pre-K-12 students in 53 school sites.

Child from Alder Grove

The community-based Women’s Civic Improvement Club serves families within the eastern part

of the City of Sacramento, in the Oak Park neighborhood. This older, urban community is an area

of extreme contrasts and contains some of the highest and lowest income census tracts in the

county. Further, this racially and culturally diverse area has high concentrations of residents living

with poverty, unemployment, language barriers, and other unmet social needs. The Women’s

Civic Improvement Club provides services within the boundaries of the Sacramento City Unified

School District in a coordinated, unified system of service delivery.

The SETA Operated Program, along with its two partners - River Oak Center for Children

and Sacramento County Office of Education - provides Head Start/Early Head Start services in

areas outside of elementary schools and in high need areas not generally served by the five delegate

agencies or have specific populations that they address, e.g., emergency transitional housing

(Parker Avenue, Mather Transitional Housing), public housing developments (Alder Grove and

Marina Vista), school district campuses that are not Delegate Agencies (Bright Beginnings,

Bannon Creek, and North Avenue) and low-income apartment complexes (LaVerne Stewart,

Norma Johnson Center, Kennedy Estates, Illa Collin, Crossroad Gardens, and Phoenix Park). This

approach helps ensure that all low-income children in Sacramento County have access to Head

Start/Early Head Start services in neighborhoods where they reside.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 27


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Sacramento County Head Start and Early Head Start centers are strategically located in

areas of highest need. Placement of center locations is based on unmet need; high priority areas

as published by the Local Child Care Planning Council; and where demand is evidenced by current

waiting lists and community assessment data.

Below is a chart outlining each Head Start and Early Head Start location within school district

boundaries, along with the estimated number of eligible children in each district identified. SETA,

along with its delegate agencies and partners, current serve approximately 13% of the

eligible preschool population in Head Start and approximately 6% of the eligible

infants/toddlers in Early Head Start.

Sacramento County Head Start/Early Head Start Centers within School Districts

School District

Center Unified

School District

Elk Grove

Unified School

District

HS/EHS

Enrollment Slots

Auberry/TBD (40)

Total Enrollment: 40

Elk Grove Schools (440)

Crossroad Gardens (96)

LaVerne Stewart (20)

# of Eligible

Children (0-5)

Total = 1,927

0-35 mos = 618

3-5 yrs =1,309

Total = 10,008

0-35 mos = 2,571

3-5 yrs = 7,437

Poverty

Rate

16%

12.7%

95843

95747

95624

95683

95693

95757

95758

Zip Codes

95823

95828

95829

95830

Total Enrollment: 556

Folsom-

Cordova

Unified School

District

Bright Beginnings (40)

Mather (115)

Total Enrollment: 155

Total = 3,184

0-35 mos = 1,136

3-5 yrs = 2,048

9.5%

95630

95655

95670

95671

95742

Galt Joint

Union

Elementary

School District

Galt (96)

Grizzly Hollow (48)

Total Enrollment: 144

Total = 810

0-35 mos = 297

3-5 yrs = 513

12%

95632

Natomas

Unified School

District

Bannon Creek (80)

Northview (108)

Total Enrollment: 188

Total = 2,733

0-35 mos = 288

3-5 yrs = 2,445

7.5%

95833

95834

95835

95837

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 28


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

School District

River Delta

Joint Unified

School District

HS/EHS

Enrollment Slots

Walnut Grove (40)

Total Enrollment: 40

# of Eligible

Children (0-5)

Total = 396

0-35 mos = 126

3-5 yrs = 270

Poverty

Rate

12%

94571

95615

95639

95641

95680

95690

Zip Codes

Sacramento

City Unified

School District

Sac City Schools (736)

WCIC (120)

16 th Avenue (66)

Alder Grove EHS (36)

American Legion (16)

Bret Harte (28)

Capital City (36)

C.P. Huntington (28)

Franklin (20)

Freeport (20)

Fruitridge (40)

Hiram Johnson (24)

Hopkins Park (46)

Illa Collin (20)

Job Corps (44)

Kennedy Estates (20)

Marina Vista (68)

Nedra Court (40)

Parker Avenue (13)

Phoenix Park (68)

Solid Foundations (40)

Total = 9.184

0-35 mos = 2,482

3-5 yrs = 6,702

17.8%

95811

95814

95816

95817

95818

95819

95820

95822

95824

95826

95827

95831

95832

Total Enrollment: 1,529

San Juan

Unified School

District

San Juan Schools (1,212)

Total Enrollment: 1,212

Total = 12,003

0-35 mos = 4,546

3-5 yrs = 7,457

15%

95608

95610

95621

95628

95662

95821

95825

95841

95864

Twin Rivers

Unified School

District

Twin Rivers Schools (180)

Elkhorn (116)

Freedom Park (96)

Hillsdale (88)

North Ave (88)

N. Johnson (68)

S. Neese (84)

Strizek Park (40)

Total = 6,792

0-35 mos =2,207

3-5 yrs = 4,585

18.2%

95626

95652

95660

95673

95838

95842

Total Enrollment: 760

Note: Not included in the above figures are SETA’s Home-base option: 123 in Head Start and 366 in Early Head Start

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 29


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Head Start/Early Head Start service areas within Sacramento County, by zip code, are as follows:

Head Start/Early Head Start

Zip Code Service Areas

Arden Arcade

95821, 95825, 95852, 95864

Carmichael

95608

Citrus Heights

95610, 95621

Delta

95615, 95639, 95641, 95680,

95690

Downtown/Midtown

95814, 95816

Elk Grove & Vicinity

95624, 95757, 95829, 95830

Elverta/Rio Linda

95626, 95673

Fair Oaks

95628

Folsom & Vicinity

95630

Galt

95632

Land Park/Pocket/Meadowview

95818, 95822, 95831, 95832

North Highlands/Foothill

Farms/Antelope

95660, 95841, 95842, 95843

North Sacramento/Del Paso Heights

95815, 95838

South Natomas

95833, 95834, 95835, 95836, 95837

Oak Park/River Park/Tahoe Park

95817, 95819, 95820

Orangevale

95662

Rancho Cordova/Mather/Rosemont

95655, 95670, 95683, 95741, 95742,

95758, 95826, 95827

South Sacramento

95823, 95824, 95828

The Map below shows the zip codes that have the highest population of children living in

poverty. Areas in pink, blue and green have the highest poverty rates. The black line delineates

school district boundaries. Black dots represent Head Start/Early Head Start centers. It can be

noted that current HS/EHS centers are well situated in areas of the county that have high poverty

rates.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 30


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Sacramento County Head Start/Early Head Start maintains a countywide centralized waiting

list with active applications. Some Head Start families have different needs as a result of changes

in employment trends. A low unemployment rate means more working parents with young

children need child care. As a result, longer day or full-day options (6-9 hours of care) are

needed. To meet the needs of families, operational hours have been adjusted across the county.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 31


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

LICENSED CAPACITY

In 2018, Sacramento County was home to approximately 60,254 children ages 3-5. The following

chart shows the percentage of children in Sacramento County not enrolled in preschool from 2008

through 2016.

Children Ages 3-5 Not Enrolled in Preschool/Kindergarten

Location

Sacramento

County

Data Source: kidsdata.org

Percent

2008-2012 2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016

40.6% 42.2% 43.0% 42.9% 43.0%

Comparing this data to the chart below, the number of family child care homes has decreased even

though the demand for child care has gone up.

Child Care Slots in Licensed Facilities

Sacramento

County

Type of

Facility

Child Care

Center

Family Child

Care Home

Total for Both

Facility Types

Number

2008 2010 2012 2014 2017

32,780 34,348 34,454 32,926 33,578

21,784 20,902 17,194 14,176 12,456

54,564 55,250 51,648 47,102 46,034

Data Source: kidsdata.org

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 32


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Access to high-quality early learning programs is limited. Only 43% of 3-and 4-year-olds

attend preschool (Children Now, 2016-17 California County Scorecard, Sacramento). Only 59%

of three- and four-year-old children who are eligible are not currently served in state preschool,

other Title 5 programs, Head Start, or transitional kindergarten (American Institutes for Research

Report, 2016).

In 2010, the Kindergarten Readiness Act changed the age

requirements for children entering kindergarten to 5 years

old by September 1 st . The law also created a transitional

kindergarten program (TK) for children whose entrance into

kindergarten is delayed, those who turn five September 2 –

December 2. These transitional programs are being run at all

elementary schools.

LICENSED

CAPACITY SERVES

ONLY 27% OF

ELIGBLE CHILDREN

With a decreased unemployment rate, working

parents/guardians with young children need longer hours for

early care. The hours of operation by child care providers should also be flexible to meet the

varying needs of working families. Most recent available data (2017) supports the need for child

care as licensed capacity (available slots) serves only 27% of children with working parents.

For the remaining 73% of children for whom child care may be needed, slots are not available.

Sacramento County Head Start currently serves about 13% of the eligible population. The program

will continue to adapt to the longer hours (6-9 hours) needed by families by offering program

options that provide full-day services (6-9 hours).

Maintaining full enrollment remains an issue that Sacramento County Head Start needs to address

by carefully analyzing external and internal factors that contribute to this. To remain competitive,

Head Start and Early Head Start programs should not only be of high quality as an early learning

program but accessible and easy to navigate to get families enrolled.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 33


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

SACRAMENTO COUNTY’S EARLY LEARNING ROADMAP

The Sacramento County Early Learning Roadmap: Prenatal Through Age 8, 2017-2022 reflects a

collaborative commitment by the early learning community to the support, development, and

continuation of high-quality early learning practices and experiences critical to all children. The

plan identifies the following top priorities in the county:

Priority Area: Comprehensive Services and Supports for Children and Families

Recommendation: Promote, develop, and implement an integrated system of comprehensive services for

children and families.

Priority Area: Early Learning and Development for ALL Children

Recommendation: Provide quality universal early learning experiences and services that support ALL

children served in public and private early learning environments.

Priority Area: Family and Community Outreach and Engagement

Recommendation: Engage families as vital partners in children’s learning and development AND develop

and expand community partnerships that increase outreach and access to services and resources for ALL

children and their families.

Priority Area: Program Structures and Environment

Recommendation: Improve the quality of early learning programs AND establish communication systems

to ensure seamless transitions from prenatal through age eight.

Priority Area: Early Learning Workforce, Recruitment, Retention, and Professionalism

Recommendation: Promote recruitment, retention, and professionalism of a diverse early learning

workforce.

This plan is vital to Sacramento County as it serves as the core planning tool for promoting

excellence, collaboration and equity in early care and education. It serves as roadmap to childhood

achievement and academic success.

A copy of the full report can found at:

https://sacramentocountyearlylearning.org/admin/files/resource/154/early_learning_roadmap.pdf

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 34


HEALTH SERVICES

Access to Health Care

Physical Examinations/Health

Screenings

Obesity

Oral Health

Child Abuse and Neglect

Tobacco Use

Infant Mortality Rate

Family Teen Pregnancy Structure Rates

Immunization Levels

Poverty

Asthma

Blood Lead

98.5% of the residence in Sacramento County have insurance

coverage, compared to 99% of the families served in

Head Start this past grant year.

Infant Mortality Rate in Sacramento County is lower than

the national average but higher than the California

average.

Teen Pregnancies are trending downwards for all races

ethnicities throughout Sacramento County.

99% of the children served in the Head Start program this

past grant year are up to date on immunizations,

compared to external data that shows 93% of all

kindergarteners are up to date.

The county-wide survey of families shows the biggest

challenges families have faced over the past year as cost

of utilities, child care, employment, affordable housing,

and transportation.

Staff survey results show the biggest challenges facing

families we serve as affordable housing, transportation,

employment, and child care.


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE

Access to health care is very important for families throughout the country. The following chart

shows the insurance coverage breakdown for families in Sacramento County in 2016 compared to

California and the United States

Health Insurance Coverage

Age Group: 0-5

Percent

Location

Insured

Insured-Private

Coverage

Insured-Public

Coverage

Uninsured

United States 96.2% 55.4% 44.6% 3.8%

California 97.7% 53.1% 48.5% 2.3%

Sacramento

County

98.5% 50.6% 53.7% 1.5%

Data Source: As cited on kidsdata.org

Uninsured

This next chart shows how Sacramento County has worked to decrease the number of uninsured

families throughout the county since 2009.

Data Source: As cited on kidsdata.org

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 35


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Both charts demonstrate that families in Sacramento County are getting needed insurance

coverage so that they are able to access health care when needed. The 2016 Sacramento

County Community Health Needs Assessment published by the Sierra Health Foundation found

that 81% of pregnant moms accessed prenatal care within their first trimester (sierrahealth.org,

2019). This same report found the life expectancy of a Sacramento County resident to be 78.7

years compared to 80.5 for California (sierrahealth.org, 2019).

Medi-cal / Covered California

The following chart shows the percentage of people in Sacramento County with public health

insurance coverage including Medi-Cal and Medicare coverage:

Covered California reports a 23.7% drop in the number of new consumers for 2019 and an increase

of 7.5% in renewals for the 2019 year.

Internal Data

Internal data shows that 99% of the children served in the Sacramento County Head Start/Early

Head Start program have insurance coverage.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 36


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS / WELL-CHILD CHECKS / HEALTH SCREENINGS

Internal Data

Head Start/Early Head Start follow the American Pediatric periodicity table, Bright Futures, to

ensure all enrolled children receive all age-appropriate preventive health screenings and

examinations. The following chart shows the percentage of children who had up-to-date medical

screenings over the past five-year grant period.

% Completed Medical Screenings

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019

EHS

HS

The chart shows the need for the Head Start Program to focus on systems and procedures that ensure

all medical screenings are completed as required. Over the past year, SETA focused on expanding

community partnerships to support health services. One of the partnerships includes the UC Davis

Nursing School where a rotation of nursing students works with the program during the summer to

perform needed medical screenings, oral health screenings, staff training, and parent education on

focused health topics. The nurses have been invaluable to the program with an increased focused

on oral health, hygiene and blood lead testing and education.

Additionally, ten percent (10%) of the children screened needed further medical treatment, of which

97% received the needed treatment.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 37


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

OBESITY

More than one-third of all children in the U.S. are classified as overweight. Obesity can cause

many health problems and future health care costs (kidsdata.org, 2019). The following chart

compares Sacramento County with California, looking at the percentage of children in grades 5,

7, and 9 who have a body composition above the “Healthy Fitness Zone” of the Fitnessgram

assessment.

Students Who Are Overweight or Obese

Data Source: As cited on kidsdata.org

Internal Data

The following chart shows that 65% of the

Head Start children enrolled in 2018-2019

were at a healthy weight. Comparing this

to the external county and state data, the

children in Head Start are faring better

than the average child in the county.

15%

12%

Underweight

Overweight

5%

65%

Healthy weight

Obese

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 38


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

ORAL HEALTH

“Tooth decay is the most common chronic disease and the greatest unmet health need among

children in California and the U.S. Nationwide, children miss more than 51 million hours of

school each year due to dental problems.” (kidsdata.org, 2019) The following chart shows the

length of time since the last dental visit for children in Sacramento County 2009-2016.

Length of Time Since Last Dental Visit

Data Source: As cited on kidsdata.org

The data shows that the majority of children are in the “less than 6 months” since the last time they

saw a dentist.

Internal Data

The following chart shows the percentage of children with up to date oral health screenings over

the past five-year grant period.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 39


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Oral Health: 5 Years

100

80

60

40

20

0

88 89

84

77

89

78

89

77

87

46

2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019

EHS

HS

Seventeen percent (17%) of the children enrolled in the program were determined to need dental

treatment and 78% of those needing treatment received treatment. This data shows the need to

continue to work with community partners as well as the need to continue to educate parents on

the importance of oral health care.

Children get oral examinations at Head Start

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 40


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT

The following charts show the reported cases of child abuse and neglect in Sacramento County in

2015 by type.

Child Abuse and Neglect

60.00%

50.20%

50.00%

40.00%

34.50%

30.00%

20.00%

10.00%

0.00%

0.00%

Exploitation

General

Neglect

3.20%

8.60%

0.00%

Physical Abuse Severe Neglect Sexual Abuse Substantial

Risk

In Sacramento County, the number of referrals to CPS per 1,000 people increased from 2010- 2013

and has begun to decrease since then as illustrated in the chart below.

Reported Child Abuse/Neglect per 1,000 People

60.00%

58.00%

56.00%

54.00%

52.00%

50.00%

48.00%

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 41


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Domestic Violence

According to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, 1 in 3 women and 1 in 4 men

have experienced some form of domestic violence (NCADV.org, 2019). The California

Partnership to End Domestic Violence reports that approximately 40% of women in California

experienced physical violence from their domestic partner in their lifetime (CPEDV.org, 2019).

They also report that women ages 18-24 are 11% more likely to be victims, and 75% of victims

have children under the age of 18 in the home (CPEDV.org, 2019).

Research has shown that children exposed to domestic violence have an increased risk of

physical, mental, and emotional illnesses. The younger the child, the more serious the

consequences can be. Some types of abuse that affect a child are physical, sexual, or emotional

abuse of a parent; overhearing abuse (even behind closed doors). Children as young as infants

who have been exposed to domestic violence have shown eating and sleeping problems

decreased responsiveness to adults and increased crying. (cityofsacramento.org, 2019)

Drug and Alcohol Abuse

The following chart from Kidsdata.org shows the drug and alcohol use within 30 days, reported

among teens in California between 2013-2015.

100.00%

80.00%

60.00%

40.00%

20.00%

Drug/Alcohol Abuse

0.00%

7th grade 9th grade 11th grade

Some

None

The chart demonstrates that by 11 th grade the percentage of drug and alcohol use increases to

1/3 of all students.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 42


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Homicides

The Sacramento County Department of Health Services reported 92 homicide deaths in 2017,

which is a rate of 6.1 per 100,000 people. Black/African American individuals are

disproportionately affected by homicide at 25.7 per 100,000 people in Sacramento County

(dhs.saccounty.net, 2019).

Suicide

There were 219 suicide deaths in Sacramento County in 2017 which is a rate of 14.4 per 100,000

people (dhs.saccounty.net, 2019). The White population consistently have had the highest

rates of suicide throughout the county at 20 per 100,000 in 2017, and males account for 75% of

all suicide deaths in the county between 2010 and 2017. Veterans are also disproportionately

affected with a rate twice that of the county (dhs.saccounty.net, 2019).

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 43


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

TOBACCO AND SUBSTANCE USE

Lung cancer accounted for 25% of all cancer-related deaths in Sacramento County between

2009-2018 (dhs.saccounty.net, 2019). The following chart shows that a decrease in tobacco use

in Sacramento County by over 40% between 2013-2017.

2017

8.70%

26.60%

64.10%

2013

14.60%

21.30%

46.60%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Current Former never

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Tobacco, alcohol and drug abuse have been linked to many social, academic and health problems.

Most long-term smokers start when they are teens or young adults (kidsdata.or, 2019). The

following chart shows the level of school connectedness based on the level of alcohol/drug use

among teens in Sacramento County between 2015-2017.

Alcohol/Drug Use in Past Month, by Level of School Connectedness: 2015-2017

Sacramento County

Percent

Level of School

Connectedness

Some

None

High 10.2% 89.8%

Medium 19.3% 80.7%

Low 28.5% 71.5%

Data Source: As cited on kidsdata.org,

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 44


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

BIRTH RATE

The following chart shows the birth rate per 1,000 women in Sacramento County compared to

California. In both instances, the birth rate is declining.

80.0

BIRTHS PER 1000 WOMEN

60.0

40.0

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

California Sacramento County

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 45


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

INFANT MORTALITY RATE

Be Healthy Sacramento reports the “leading causes of death among infants are birth defects,

preterm delivery, low birth rate, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), and maternal

complications during pregnancy.” (behealthysacramento.org, 2019)

The following chart shows that the infant mortality rate in Sacramento County is trending

downwards, and is lower than the national average of 5.9, but higher than the California average

of 4.4 (behealthysacramento.org, 2019).

Deaths per 1,000 live Births

5.7

5.6

5.5

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.1

5

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Low Birth Weight

According to the Sacramento Department of Health Services, there were 19,592 births in

Sacramento County in 2016, which is a decrease of 11.4% from 2007 (DHS.saccounty.net, 2019).

The following chart shows how Sacramento County is trending in low birth weight.

Low Birth Weight Percentages

7.2

7.1

7

6.9

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.5

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 46


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

TEEN PREGNANCY RATES

According to the Birth Fact Sheet 2016, teen births of Sacramento County “the total number of

teen births for adolescents age 15 to 19 years declined from 2,122 in 2007 to 773 in 2016, a 63.6%

drop. Similarly, the overall teen birth rate decreased by 62.4% from 38.8 per 1,000 females age

15 to 19 in 2007 to 14.6 in 2016.” (DHS.saccounty.net, 2019)

The following charts show the birth rates among teens age 15-19 by Race/Ethnicity in Sacramento

County between 2010-2016.

Teen Birth Rates by Race/Ethnicity

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

50

40

30

20

10

0

Hispanic White Black Asian / PI Sacramento

The chart above shows that the birth rate among teens has decreased among all Races/Ethnicities

but the birth rate among Black/African American teens has surpassed all others to become the

highest.

Internal Data

According to the 2018-2019 Program Information Report (PIR) for Sacramento County, pregnant

women enrolled in the Early Head Start Program ranged between the ages of 15 and 38. With the

overall decline in teen pregnancies, SETA adjusted its Enrollment Selection Criteria in 2017 to

include pregnant women of any age as a high priority; not just mothers-to-be under the age of 21.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 47


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

IMMUNIZATION LEVELS

The following chart taken from Behealthysacramento.org shows the trends in immunizations

among Kindergarteners in Sacramento County.

96%

94%

92%

90%

88%

86%

84%

82%

80%

78%

94% 94%

93%

89%

86%

87%

84%

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

This significant increase is a direct result of SB277, passed into law on June 30, 2015, by Governor

Brown and in effect on July 1, 2016. With this new law, personal and religious belief exemptions

would no longer be allowed in California daycare, preschool, and K-12 schools. Education

for California public and private school children and daycare attendees are now dependent upon

receipt of multiple doses of 10 federally recommended and state-mandated vaccines regardless of

a parent’s personal belief or religious belief objections. (National Vaccine Information Center,

August 2015 post)

Against the backdrop of the rest of the United States, California

stands alone in the minority. Out of the 11 states that had bills filed

to remove either the personal belief/conscientious/philosophical or

religious exemptions during the 2015 legislative cycle (CA, MD,

ME, NC, OK, OR, PA, RI, TX, VT, and WA), California was the

only state where the legislature passed a bill leaving only the

medical exemption.

While Head Start has enjoyed historic success rates for

completing age-appropriate immunizations for children birth to

five, the passage of SB277 has significantly supported Head

Start’s efforts by strengthening its message to obtain the required

immunizations prior to entering kindergarten.

99% OF ENROLLED

HEAD START CHILDREN

ARE UP TO DATE ON

THEIR CHILDHOOD

IMMUNIZATIONS

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 48


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Internal Data

Internal data (2018-2019 Program Information Report) shows that 98% of enrolled children are upto-date

on their immunization schedule. Compare this to the external county data, Head Start/Early

Head Start children and families are doing better. Despite the staff’s continued efforts to educate

and promote age-appropriate immunization schedules, home-based families still trail behind centerbased

families in completing their immunizations.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 49


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

ASTHMA

The Center for Disease Control (CDC) reports:

• Nearly 26 million people have asthma.

• Asthma is linked to 3,388 deaths a year.

• Asthma is the 3rd leading cause of children’s hospitalization.

• Black Americans are 2–3 times more likely to die from asthma than any other racial or

ethnic group.

• Asthma costs the United States an estimated $56 billion each year.

• Medicaid spends more than $9 billion dollars per year treating asthma.

In Sacramento County, approximately 209,000 children and adults have been diagnosed with

asthma, of which 83.1% have not received a written management asthma plan from a health care

provider. (cdph.ca.gov/California Breathing 2016)

Air Quality and Asthma

In 2016. Sacramento County had 23 days with Ozone levels above regulatory standards. In

comparison, the average for California was 22. Ozone levels above the regulatory standards have

shown to affect children by causing an increased risk for heart disease, respiratory problems,

cancer, and other health risks (Kidsdata.org, 2019).

The following chart compares the trend of children being diagnosed with asthma in Sacramento

County with California.

20.0%

15.0%

10.0%

5.0%

0.0%

2005 2007 2009 2011-2012 2013-2014 2015-2016

California

Sacramento County

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 50


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

The chart above demonstrates that the prevalence of asthma in Sacramento County is trending

downwards compared to California that is trending slightly upwards. Comparing this to the chart

below, although asthma diagnoses is down throughout the county, hospitalizations due to asthma

are up compared to other parts of California.

Asthma Hospitalizations, by Age Group: 2016

Data Source: As cited on kidsdata.org

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 51


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

BLOOD LEAD

A recent California state audit report found that more than 1.4 million Medi-Cal children did not

receive the required blood lead testing for lead poisoning at ages one and two. This report also

states that many of these children live in high-risk areas. Sacramento County, Humboldt County

and Los Angeles County were found to have census tracts with the highest concentrations of

elevated lead levels. (auditor.ca.gov, 2019)

In Sacramento County across nine census tracts, the audit found of the 7,370 children who should

have been tested for lead, roughly 68% -- 4,991 children -- missed the required screening.

Of the smaller percentage of children tested in Sacramento County, 677 of the children tested

had high elevated levels of lead -- the most of any county in the state. Despite such low rates,

DHCS has only recently begun developing a performance standard for measuring whether

managed care plans, the entities with which it contracts to provide health care for Medi‐Cal

beneficiaries, are ensuring that children receive the required lead tests. DHCS is also developing

an incentive program to increase payments to health care providers for each lead test they report

administering.

The following chart shows the percentage of children with elevated blood lead levels in

Sacramento County compared with the average for California.

Children/Youth with Elevated Blood Lead Levels

Data Source: As cited on kidsdata.org

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 52


DISABILITIES

Number of Children

with Disabilities

The number of children ages 0-5 with a disability has

steadily increased over the past five years.

Speech and Language impairments have the highest

number of children diagnosed for both the county data

and the second-highest for internal data.

Head Start data shows that emotional disabilities are the

highest number of children enrolled in the county.

Qualifying for services continues to be a problem for

families throughout the county.

Special Education Enrollment

Poverty

Homelessness


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

DISABILITY SERVICES

Data from the California Department of Education indicate that in Sacramento County 32,199

children (ages 22 and under) are enrolled in special education. Of the total number of special

education students, 38.36% have specific learning disabilities and 21.45% have speech or language

impairments. Despite the consistency in the overall number of students in special education, there

has been an increase in enrollment in a few categories of special education, including autism and

multiple disabilities. It is important to note that special education enrollment is somewhat

controlled by the availability of service slots.

Special Education 2018, ages 2-22

0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00% 40.00%

Source: cde.gov

Hearing Autism Multiple

Learning Orthopedic Emotional

Visual Speech/language Intellectual

Of the children in special education, 3,402 are ages 0 to 5, which accounts for 10.6% of the

special education enrollment. As illustrated in the chart below, the number of young children

(ages 0 to 5) in special education has steadily increased over the past several years; the number

has increased by 25% over the past decade. One possible explanation for this increase is

enhanced assessment as well as the availability of special education services. While the number of

Sacramento County children with disabilities has steadily increased, it continues to be a challenge

for families to qualify for services.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 53


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Special Education ages 0-5

3600

3500

3400

3300

3200

3100

3000

2900

2800

2700

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Source: cde.gov

Internal Data

The chart below shows Head Start program data for the types of disabilities for enrolled children

over the past five years. Speech/language impairments are the highest, but children with Autism

have gradually increased over the same time period.

Disabilities

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 54


SCHOOL READINESS/

CHILD OUTCOMES

School Readiness

Academic Achievement

in Elementary School

Elementary school student performance has improved but

there continues to be subgroup populations that have lower

assessment results.

Head Start was established to address these subgroup student

populations that struggle and help them to be at or

above grade level when they enter kindergarten.

Countywide Head Start data shows that children are progressing

and improving.

SETA scores significantly higher than the national average

in CLASS scores, this translates to stronger teachers

and better classroom environments.

English Language Learners

Head Start Outcomes

CLASS


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

SCHOOL READINESS

During the first five years of life, research indicates that many fundamental aspects of children’s

“brain architecture” are developed at a rapid pace. Current research on brain development from

the Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University on children prior to entering

kindergarten reflects that early exposure to positive environments and experiences are

essential to healthy development.

One major school readiness strategy is participation in a high-quality preschool. The RAND

Corporation has predicted gains from one year of high-quality preschool for four-year-olds

across three major categories, including improvement in educational processes and

attainment, reduction in child maltreatment, and reduction in juvenile crime.

School Readiness has been defined broadly by the National Education Goals Panel to encompass

three domains: (1) Children’s Readiness for School; (2) Schools’ Readiness for Children; and (3)

Family and Community Supports for Children’s School Readiness. At the state level, First5

California’s School Readiness Initiative includes four focus areas derived from the national

definition: (1) Family Functioning; (2) Child Development; (3) Child Health; and (4) Systems of

Care.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 55


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Overall, student performance in Sacramento County has improved. Academic achievement is

determined using the California Assessment of Student Performance and Progress (CAASPP).

The CAASPP uses online summative assessments to measure student progress. The following two

charts show California state testing results over time.

English Language Arts/Literacy (ELA)

Grade 5 (2018-19)

Grade 4 (2017-18)

Grade 3 (2016-17)

Source: cde.ca.gov

0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00% 100.00% 120.00%

Exceeded Standard Standard Met Nearly Met Not Met

Mathematics

Grade 5 (2018-19)

Grade 4 (2017-18)

Grade 3 (2016-17)

Source: cde.ca.gov

0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00% 100.00% 120.00%

Exceeded Standard Standard Met Nearly Met Not Met

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 56


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS

In the 2018-2019 school year test results show that in ELA 50.87% met or exceeded

standards, and in Mathematics 39.73% met or exceeded standards (cde.ca.gov, 2019).

The chart below illustrates that the percentage of English Learner students, students with

disabilities, students from low-income families, and homeless students who are proficient in

English Language Arts and Mathematics is lower than the county average.

Test Results 2018-2019

60.00%

50.00%

40.00%

30.00%

20.00%

10.00%

0.00%

With Disability

Economically

Disadvantaged

English Learners Homeless County Average

ELA

Math

Source: cde.ca.gov

Sacramento County has experienced similar trends as the country in regard to the achievement gap

between white students and African American and Hispanic or Latino students. The following

chart illustrates this.

100.00%

Test Results 2018-2019

80.00%

60.00%

40.00%

20.00%

0.00%

Black/African

American

Latino/Hispanic Asian White County Average

ELA

Math

Source: cde.ca.gov

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 57


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Internal Data

Even though Sacramento County students have made academic gains, there are still

disparities in achievement among California’s student subgroups, including some groups of

students of color, English Language Learners, students with disabilities, and students from lowincome

families. Academic achievement for children greatly impacts future opportunities; it is

critical that these achievement gaps be addressed.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 58


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

School Readiness – Countywide

HEAD START OUTCOMES

SETA Head Start programs are guided by county-wide School Readiness goals. The School

Readiness goals developed for all children to align with the Head Start Early Learning Framework,

the California Preschool Learning Foundations, and the Desired Results Development Profile

assessment. There are also two additional goals specifically developed for dual language learners.

HEALTH &

PHYSICAL

DEVELOPMENT

SOCIAL/

EMOTIONAL

DEVELOPMENT

APPROACHES TO

LEARNING

LANGUAGE &

LITERACY

DEVELOPMENT

(INCLUDING ELL)

• Exemplify physical health as well as understand and practice safe

and healthy habits.

• Engage in physical activities that demonstrate the control of both

small and large motor skills.

• Demonstrate the necessary skills to have healthy relationships

and interactions with adults and peers.

• Perceive that they are capable of successfully making decisions,

accomplishing tasks and meeting goals.

• Demonstrate a healthy range of emotional expression and learn

positive alternatives to aggressive or isolating behaviors.

• Demonstrate an interest in varied topics and activities, a desire to

learn and creativeness in independent & group learning.

• Demonstrate persistence and attentiveness while engaged in

various activities.

• Use a wide range of media & materials as well as music,

movement, and dramatization to creatively express themselves.

• Exhibit the ability to comprehend understand and use language to

communicate needs and share ideas. Indicate an interest in books,

derive meaning and acquire information from stories and other

texts.

• Demonstrate awareness that language can be broken into words,

syllables and smaller pieces of sound and identify names and

sounds associated with each letter.

• Demonstrate an understanding of the concept of print and early

decoding.

• Display familiarity with writing implements, conventions, and

show emerging communication skills through written

representations, symbols, and letters.

• Dual Language Learners will demonstrate the ability to

understand the English language and speak or use English.

• Dual Language Learners will display understanding and respond

to books, storytelling, and songs presented in English.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 59


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

COGNITIVE &

GENERAL

KNOWLEDGE

• Understand that numbers represent quantities & have ordinal

properties and will be able to use them to describe relationships.

• Understand that shapes, their properties and how objects are

related to one another including recognizing and predicting

patterns as well as size, capacity & area of objects.

• Observe and collect information & use it to ask questions,

predict, explain and draw conclusions in their varied

environments.

• Demonstrate an understanding of self and their role in family,

community and the environment in which they live.

• Recognize, understand, analyze a problem and draw knowledge

or experience to seek solutions to a problem.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 60


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

Desired Results Development Profile (DRDP) Data

Through the analysis of child assessment data, Sacramento County Head Start programs are able

to substantiate the attainment of School Readiness Goals. Children’s developmental abilities are

gathered through ongoing observation and assessment using the Desired Results Developmental

Profile (DRDP) PS2010. The California Department of Education/Early Care and Services

Division developed the DRDP to help agencies effectively assess children’s progress and improve

quality outcomes in early care and education. This tool is aligned to both the California Preschool

Foundations at the state level and the Head Start Early Learning Framework at the federal level.

In the 2018-2019 grant year children enrolled in the countywide Head Start program have

shown growth as illustrated from the Desired Results Developmental Profile (DRDP) assessment

results shown in the following chart:

Central Domains of the

DRDP

Percentage of children scoring in top 2 sub-levels

Building Later & Integrating Earlier

Fall 2018 Winter 2019 Growth Percentage

Approaches to Learning 14.7% 21.4% 6.7%

Social/ Emotional 26.2% 40.0% 13.8%

Language & Literacy 21.8% 33.7% 11.9%

Cognitive 16.1% 27.8% 11.7%

Perceptual/Motor/Physical 43.1% 51.4% 8.3%

Mid-year DRDP data shows significant positive growth in all domains with additional growth

expected in the remaining months of the school year. The chart above shows how the SETA

Operated Program has progressed this past year. The percentage of 3-year-olds in the program in

2018-19 increased by 10.8% from the 2017-18 winter assessment period. The percentage of 5-

year-olds decreased by 15.4% from the 2017-18 to 2018-19 winter assessment. The percentage of

ELLs in the program increased by 5.4% from the 2017-18 to 2018-19 winter assessment. Taking

into account the changes in demographics over the past year, the percentage of children starting at

a lower developmental level has increased. Based on age equivalency, children ages 3 and 4 are

making greater gains in the cognitive and language domain than the previous scores in the 2017-

18 school year. The domains that are showing the biggest growth are in the areas of Social and

Emotional Development and Language and Literacy. While it has a strong growth percentage,

Cognition is still low in comparison to other domains. SETA will be implementing Scope and

Sequence Math training along with a new resource called Build on Math to assist teachers with

meaningful math learning opportunities in their classrooms.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 61


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT SCORING SYSTEM (CLASS)

Recent Sacramento County Head Start Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) data shows

that ongoing CLASS based professional development is having a positive impact, scoring

higher than the national average for Head Start programs. CLASS data is used to develop

individualized coaching plans and differentiated support for teachers. Program data is also used to

guide professional development. In 2019-2020, SETA will be focusing on the dimensions of

Language Modeling and Behavior Management for continuous improvement. The following

CLASS chart compares the SETA Operated Program to national averages:

CLASS Data

Emotional

Support

Classroom

Organization

Instructional

Support

National Averages 6.07 5.83 3.00

SETA 2017-2018 6.42 6.00 3.31

SETA 2018-2019 6.53 6.07 3.39

Progress .11 .07 .09

SETA is also identifying additional factors that impact school readiness. Regular attendance and

participation in preschool also increase children’s developmental levels. Data in the SETA

operated program demonstrates that children who attend school more than 85% of the available

class days make over 20% greater strides in meeting school readiness goals than those who attend

only 60% or fewer school days.

Child from Bannon Creek

Child from Phoenix Park

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 62


SOCIAL SERVICES/

PARENT NEEDS

Temporary Assistance for

Needy Families

Staff Survey Results

Parent Survey Results

Poverty

Homelessness


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

SOCIAL SERVICES / FAMILY NEEDS

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families / TANF

21% of Head Start families reported receiving TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

or CalWorks) and 16% for EHS families. The following chart shows the reported family needs

accessed through the program for the 2018-2019 grant year.

PIR 2018-2019: HS Family

Needs and Services

Homeless

ness

1%

Homeles

sness

1%

PIR 2018-2019: EHS Family

Needs and Services

SNAP

30%

TANF

21%

SSI

3%

SNAP

26%

TANF

16%

SSI

4%

WIC

45%

WIC

53%

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 63


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

STAFF SURVEY RESULTS

During the 2018-2019 grant year, front line staff were surveyed what the biggest needs were for

the Head Start/Early Head Start families served. The following charts show the results of this

survey:

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

What are the top 3 biggest problems facing Families you serve?

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

Which of the following services are the most important to the

families you serve?

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 64


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

PARENT SURVEY RESULTS

During the 2018-2019 grant year, staff surveyed parents with children ages 0-5 throughout the

county.

What are the biggest problems faced by you or your family over

the past 12 months?

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

32

42

58

4 1

11

2 3 2 1

35

9

3 3

9

22

9 8 6

1

26

2 4

Which of the following community services would have been

most important to you or your family during the past 12

months?

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

5

23

31 31

14

19

32

9

3

41

3 4

21

15

8 12

5

69

15

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 65


COMMUNITY RESOURCES


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

COMMUNITY RESOURCES

Historically, Sacramento County has had a wealth of community resources available to meet the

needs of its residents. However, State and federal funding for social service and community health

programs have been cut over the years. As a result, many agencies have had to reduce their

services or close programs altogether.

Family and Community Engagement staff in the Head Start program stay well informed of

available community resources and know how families can access these resources. Much of what

these staff do is to provide linkages between families and the community services they need.

The most prominent source of Sacramento community resources for families is 2-1-1 Sacramento.

2-1-1 Sacramento is a free, call-in number that is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

This service can link callers to more than 1,600 local community resources such as children’s

services, housing information, employment and training, financial assistance, food programs, and

health care services. Assistance is available in several languages. 2-1-1 Sacramento, a program

of the Community Services Planning Council, is funded by the First 5 Sacramento Commission,

Sacramento Housing and Redevelopment Agency, Sacramento County Office of Emergency

Services, County of Sacramento, Area 4 Agency on Aging, Sacramento Superior Court,

Sacramento Employment and Training Agency, and grants from Bank of America, Internal

Revenue Service, and Kaiser Permanente.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 66


CONCLUSIONS

Analysis

Priorities

5-Year Goals

Poverty

Homelessness


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

ANALYSIS

From a thorough analysis, the following issues and trends arise from the data contained in the

2020-2025 Community Assessment.

Sacramento Demographics

• The number of Sacramento County children living in poverty has grown and will likely

continue to grow given the median household income is not keeping pace with the cost of

housing and other living expenses.

• Single-parent households are disproportionately affected, particularly female-headed

households.

• According to the “2019 Point in Time Homeless Count” the model homeless family consists

of “a single Black/African American Female in her mid-30’s with 1-2 young children”.

• Approximately 20% of the homeless population in Sacramento County is made up of families

and 52% of these are living unsheltered.

• Certain communities in Sacramento County have shown a significant increase in children

living in poverty.

• There will continue to be a great need in the community for programs, such as Head Start, that

serve low-income families and their children.

Child Care Supply and Demand

• The demand for childcare, especially high-quality early care and preschool in Sacramento

County remains much greater than what is currently available.

• Looking at population growth estimates, the demand for childcare in the county will continue

to outpace the slots currently available for children.

• At a minimum, being able to retain the currently funded enrollment slots would be a

tremendous asset to the community.

• Full-time employment is more readily available and there is a need for longer sessions or fullday

options.

• Head Start/Early Head Starts will need to continue to adjust their program approaches to meet

the changing needs of the families.

• The implementation of transitional kindergarten at school districts has impacted Head Start

recruitment and enrollment.

• Head Start programs may find it more difficult to find and retain older preschool children as

there are more options for families in the community and in their elementary schools. As a

result, grantee and delegate agencies may have to revise recruitment strategies, design centers

or school sites to have classes serving both the Early Head Start and Head Start target

population to make them convenient for families.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 67


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

• Overall, there is a heightened emphasis on child development in California and statewide

systems are being put into place to improve the quality of early learning programs in the state

and to drive policy.

Health and Social Services

• The health data shows that families in Sacramento County are accessing care and most health

indicators are trending lower.

• Internal data shows that there is a need to educate parents and health care providers on the

importance of getting needed health/wellness screenings and blood tests on time and on a

regular basis.

• The biggest needs for families throughout the county are housing and living expenses

including, rent, utilities, child care, car repair, and health care. This is equally true for

individuals experiencing homelessness.

School Readiness

• Countywide data shows that students in Sacramento County have made improvements over

the past five years but there are still many subgroups of students that continue to struggle

academically.

• Head Start was established to serve

these populations and from the

internal assessment data, children

enrolled in the countywide Head

Start program are progressing

which will help close some of the

academic achievement gaps.

• Serving children with disabilities

will continue to be a priority for the

Sacramento County Head Start

Program. While the number of

Sacramento County

children with

disabilities has

steadily increased, it

continues to be a challenge

for families to qualify for

services.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 68


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

5-YEAR GOALS

During a county-wide planning meeting in October 2019 the community assessment data was

presented to community stakeholders, including the Grantee Deputy Director, Delegate Agency

and Partner Directors, Grantee and Delegate staff, and Head Start parents. After the data was

shared, there was a group discussion for the processing and inclusion of any new information/data.

This data was then taken to help stakeholders develop countywide goals for the next five-year

grant period.

A consensus was reached on the top four priority areas which were used to develop countywide

program goals. Data from the community assessment was used as a foundation and tool for this

collaborative process. A thorough analysis of the community assessment data revealed

Sacramento County’s most pressing areas of need to be school readiness, health,

enrollment/recruitment, and parent engagement.

As a result of the Community Assessment analysis, four high priority 5-year countywide goals

were developed, as follows:

Goal #1 – School Readiness

Increase child outcomes by developing and strengthening Social/Emotional competencies,

family partnerships, and staff development.

Goal #2 – Health Services

Increase the health and wellbeing of children birth to age 5 by improving the number of

children who are up-to-date on a schedule of age-appropriate preventive and primary

health care.

Goal #3 – Attendance

Improve the rate of attendance for children in the Head Start and Early Head Start

program.

Goal #4 – Family Engagement

Increase and promote parent and family engagement that is culturally responsive,

reflective, and goal-oriented in order to support families.

The grantee and each delegate agency will develop measurable and attainable objectives to

support these 5-year goals.

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 69


DATA SOURCES


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

DATA SOURCES

• American Community Survey, U.S. Census Bureau

• California Department of Education

• Child Care Portfolio (2017), California Child Care Resource & Referral Network

• U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

• State of California Department of Finance

• The California Health Interview Survey, UCLA Center for Health Policy Research

• U.S Department of Homeland Security

• Missouri Census Data Center

• Behealthysacramento.org, Sacramento County

• Children’s Report Card, Sacramento County 2018, Sacramento County Children’s

Coalition

• Kids Count Data Book, Annie E. Casey Foundation

• Kidsdata.org, Lucile Packard Foundation for Children’s Health

• Sacramento County Early Learning Roadmap 2017-2022

• Sacramento County Head Start Program Information Report (2015-2020)

• Sacramento County Head Start Content Area Meeting

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 70


ANKNOWLEDGEMENTS


Sacramento Employment and Training Agency 2020-2025

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Community Assessment was developed in partnership with resources and publications made

available by several community agencies. SETA Head Start’s collaboration with these agencies

contributed to the development of this assessment. As a result, SETA Head Start would like to

acknowledge the following community agencies:

Sacramento Employment and Training Agency

Child Action, Inc.

Elk Grove Unified School District

First 5 Sacramento County Commission

River Oak Center for Children

Sacramento City Unified School District

Sacramento County Children’s Coalition

Sacramento County Office of Education

San Juan Unified School District

Twin Rivers Unified School District

Women’s Civic Improvement Club

COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT 2020-2025 71

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