Magazine Helicopter Industry #102
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EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AMERICAS - AFRICA - ASIA - RUSSIA
#102
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EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AMERICAS - AFRICA - ASIA - RUSSIA
#102
MILITARY
Double Dutch
Anniversary Heavy
Rotary
By Carlo Kuit & Paul Kievit
02
EDITORIAL
42
BREAKING
NEWS
By Frédéric VERGNÈRES
50
NEW
TECHNOLOGIES
A helicopter on Mars
By Frédéric LERT
4
22
FOCUS
Helicopters faces
Covid-19
By Frédéric Vergnères
& François Blanc
MILITARY
The SP dolphins take to the
open sea!
By Frédéric LERT
56
36
INTERVIEW
Christoph Zammert,
Executive Vice-President
customer support
and services at
Airbus Helicopters
62
INTERVIEW
Russian Helicopters is
weathering the storm
By François BLANC
By François BLANC
HI I 1
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I EDITORIAL I
ARNAUD DEVRIENDT I DIRECTEUR DE LA PUBLICATION
Professionals in the broad sector of the aviation industry, and a large segment of the public around the world, will
have witnessed something new in the last five months.
With eyes turned to the Wuhan region of China, everyone has seen the speed at which the Covid-19 outbreak
has spread. In the case of this epidemic, it is clear that global air transport has been one of the vectors of the
spreading, albeit in spite of it. The thousands of aircraft grounded at the height of the health storm will long be
remembered as evidence of the scale of this disaster.
Once governments realized the nature of the problem, and built infrastructures to grapple with the magnitude of
issues, aviation took on a completely different role. Through the repatriation of nationals, surprised by the crisis
and far from home; and, the airlifts thrown in between continents to supply urgently needed medical equipment to
Western countries - starting with protective masks from China, to the emergency medical equipment - the wings
of rescue planes crisscrossed the skies on many routes across the globe.
More locally, and unsurprisingly, it was time for the helicopter to join the dance. But this time, the challenge was
different: first in Europe, then North America; the overcrowding of healthcare institutions required the transport
of patients to hospital units that were better equipped to treat them. It was impossible, however, to assign all
medical helicopters to this mission, because while the coronavirus was gripping the world, «normal» medical
transport had to be maintained, outside of the viral tidal wave. And for this reason, military aircraft were called to
provide support wherever needed.
Once again, the rotary wing aerodyne has demonstrated its virtues.
The personnel responsible for its implementation, from the manufacturers’ design offices (consulted by operators
who had to adapt new medical equipment to their machines), to the crews and medical professionals called upon
to be placed at the front line; all have provided further proof of the helicopter’s extraordinary usefulness.
We invite you to discover our website
Retrouvez l’ensemble de nos informations sur le site
helicopter-industry.com
HI I 2
IF YOU ARE ROTORS
WE GOT IT!
Nov 10 – 12, 2020
Koelnmesse | Germany
www.europeanrotors.eu
organised by
in cooperation with
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I BREAKING NEWS I
©Boeing
HI I 4
6 I EUROPE
16 I INTERNATIONAL
HI I 5
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I BREAKING NEWS I EUROPE
©Airbus Helicopters
H160 RECEIVES EASA APPROVAL
Airbus Helicopters’ multi-role twin engine H160 has been granted its type certificate by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency
(EASA), marking a new chapter for the programme. The company is expecting FAA certification to follow shortly prior to first delivery to
an undisclosed US customer later this year.
«The successful completion of the H160 Type Certificate is the result of several years of tremendous work and efforts accomplished jointly
by the involved technical teams of the Agency and Airbus Helicopters in a remarkable fruitful cooperation spirit,” EASA Certification Director
Rachel Daeschler said. “It is the result of thorough design and testing efforts, to ensure the highest safety standards are reached. The design
of the H160 makes it suitable for a wide range of versatile missions. It is also one of the most environmentally friendly with respect to fuel
consumption and one of the quietest helicopters of its class. My personal appreciation and warmest congratulations are conveyed to the
involved technical staff who continuously showed high commitment for constructive collaboration to overcome the challenges inherent to this
type certification project,» she added.
«We are proud that the H160 has received its EASA type certificate. This achievement represents years of hard work designing, industrializing
and defining the support ecosystem with our suppliers and partners and I would like to thank everyone who has dedicated their time and energy
to turning this next generation helicopter into reality,” said Bruno Even, Airbus Helicopters CEO. “I now look forward to the H160 entering into
service and offering its innovative features that bring competitiveness alongside additional comfort and safety to customers worldwide,» he
added.
Airbus Helicopters relied on three prototypes, the first serial aircraft, and two additional test means, the dynamic helicopter zero and
the system helicopter zero, to develop and certify the aircraft and continues to mature the aircraft ahead of entry into service. The
helicopters have flown over 1500 hours both for flight tests and demo flights so that customers can experience first-hand the innovation
and added value the H160 will bring to their missions.
MORE ABOUT H160
HI I 6
©Norwegian armes forces
PATRIA CONSOLIDATES ITS OPERATIONS IN NORWAY
Patria onsolidates its helicopter maintenance operations in Norway for better customer support and efficiency selling its Bardufoss
operations (Patria Helicopters AS) to Kongsberg Aviation Maintenance Services (KAMS) of which Patria owns 49,9% of the shares. The
deal is effective from July 1, 2020.
«The main purpose of the deal is to help the Norwegian Armed Forces to increase the availability of their NH90 fleet. KAMS is a strategic partner
of the Norwegian Armed Forces, and the Bardufoss operations will have much better opportunities to operate within a bigger Norwegian entity
in future», states Jukka Holkeri, President of Patria’s International Support Partnerships business unit.
In Bardufoss, there is a one-stop shop for maintenance, repair and overhaul services specialised in the maintenance of helicopters.
Patria acquired the unit in 2011. The unit employs 27 persons.
KAMS supply maintenance, repair and modification services for aircraft, helicopters, components and field equipment to the Norwegian
Armed Forces and other military and civilian organizations. It is located in Kjeller and Rygge in Norway, and the company employs 285
persons.
MORE ABOUT PATRIA
HI I 7
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I BREAKING NEWS I EUROPE
©NHI
BELGIUM COULD WITHDRAW ITS NH90TTH
«Confronted with a profound change and an extraordinary challenge», according to the expression used in their press release, the Belgian
Defense is forced to drastically reduce its NH90 fleet.
In order to do so, the Belgian Ministry of Defense could prematurely withdraw from service its four NH90TTHs, the last of which was
delivered in 2014. According to the press release, «the measures related to the TTH version of the NH-90 are do to its limited operational
production from the imperfect industrial support (which threatens to diminish in the coming years), as a result of very costly but necessary
upgrades and personnel shortages». The excessively high operational cost has in fact forced a 40% reduction in the 1050 flight hours
initially allocated by the government until 2022. Although considerable, this figure, however, comes as no surprise since a report by the
Kingdom’s Court of Auditors dating back to 2019, had already mentioned the «budgetary» drift of the aircraft.
With the help of the crisis, the Belgian Defense would therefore choose to concentrate primarily on the NFH (Nato Frigate Helicopter)
version which, in its maritime role, should increase the efficiency of the frigates and at the same time ensure the SAR (Search and
Rescue) mission. However, the possible withdrawal of the land version of the NH90 within two years could have major operational
consequences for the Land and Medical Components, which would have to find a new aircraft. Belgian Defense says it has several leads
currently under review. In particular, there are discussions of an acquisition of H145s, which are already possessed by Germany and
Luxembourg. A multi-purpose machine that would enable the salvage of the Belgian budget, and at the same time allow the replacement
of the NH90 and A109, which have been in service since 26 years. To be continued…
MORE ABOUT NH90
HI I 8
©Cyril Abad - Safran
SAFRAN TO SUPPORT GERMAN AND NORWEGIAN NH90 ENGINES
Safran Helicopter Engines has signed a support contract with the NATO Helicopter Management Agency (NAHEMA), to support
276 NH90 engines owned by BAAINBw (Federal Office of Bundeswehr Equipment, Information Technology and In-Service Support)
in Germany and the Norwegian Defence Materiel Agency (NDMA). The RTM322 engines will be covered by Safran’s Global Support
Package (GSP) under NAHEMA management.
This NH90 helicopters fleet is operated by the German Army (Deutsches Heer) and Navy (Deutsche Marine), and the Royal Norwegian
Air Force (Luftforsvaret). Within this agreement, their engines will be supported under a framework agreement with NAHEMA.
Giorgio Gomma, General Manager of NAHEMA, said: «the Global Support Package and its philosophy as a Service by the Hour Contract
based on an availability commitment for the supported engines represents a further step in the direction of unifying In Service Support of NH90
community».
Olivier Le Merrer, Safran Helicopter Engines EVP Support and Services, said, «this new contract is founded on the excellent service
experience we have developed with the German and Norwegian armed forces. It also marks a major milestone in our partnership with NAHEMA
and European NH90 users. We are extremely proud of their commitment to a GSP supporting RTM322-powered rotorcraft. We are committed to
offering world-class support to all European armed forces».
In 2017, Safran Helicopter Engines and NAHEMA agreed a support program protecting RTM322 engines installed on NH90s operated by
France’s armed forces, the Belgian Army and Navy and the armed forces of the Netherlands.
Under a GSP, the customer receives a commitment to engine availability. Other benefits include budget stability, a fixed price per engine
flying hour and a technical partnership with the OEM.
MORE ABOUT SAFRAN HELICOPTER ENGINES
HI I 9
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I BREAKING NEWS I EUROPE
KOPTER SH09 TEST FLIGHT GO AHEAD IN SICILY
The flight test activities of the third prototype of the SH09 single-engine helicopter (designated P3) have restarted in Pozzallo, Sicily, in
Italy last week. The Kopter flight test & prototype maintenance teams arrived in Pozzallo earlier this month to prepare P3 and perform
all necessary technical checks to resume the flight tests that had been halted since the 10th of March due to the Covid-19 situation.
Richard Grant, Kopter Chief Test Pilot, commented: «We are very pleased to be back in Pozzallo to resume our work on P3. The first few flights
have been used to re-familiarise ourselves with the operation and to complete some essential training for flight crew and ground staff; there
has even been the opportunity to train new team members. Good progress has been made and we are ready to restart our experimental flights».
The new flight testing activities are to further assess the benefits provided by the new main rotor configuration. Since January 2020, P3
has been flying with a modified main rotor head and next generation rotor blades, optimising the dynamic behaviour of the helicopter
and further reducing the pilot workload in all phases of flight. In the forthcoming months, additional advancements in the programme
will also be tested on P3, a new tail rotor hub design, currently being bench-tested in Ennetmoos (Switzerland), the Garmin avionics suite
G3000H, a new aerodynamics package for the Tail Plane, vertical fin and upper cowlings, extensively validated through CFD analysis and
Wind Tunnel testing and the final main rotor configuration with the latest blades and revised flight controls.
During the three-month period without flying, Kopter has continued to maintain a good level of operational activities, while ensuring the
health and safety of its staff at all times. Kopter has been able to leverage its extensive digital approach to operations and organisation
of work to easily implement efficient home office solutions. A close collaboration with partners and suppliers have allowed the progress,
under the restrictions in place, of the SH09’s development and industrialisation processes. Engineering teams continued the design
activities for the upcoming P3 upgrades and for the PS4 (Pre-Series 4) configuration definition, while the Operations and Procurement
teams continued to ensure the delivery of parts for both aircraft.
Under the ongoing integration process with Leonardo, Kopter is already benefitting from complementary skills, resources and tools at
all levels, greatly supporting the SH09 programme development and production of parts. The SH09 is a real game changer addressing
evolving needs and delivering more capabilities at competitive costs. The end-to-end digitalisation of the SH09 programme will be a key
enabler.
MORE ABOUT SH09
HI I 10
©E.Raz
FRENCH AERONAUTICAL RECOVERY PLAN :
10 H160’S FOR THE GENDARMERIE AND MORE.
In order to support the aeronautics industry in France, the government launched on 9 June a vast support plan of 15 billion euros in aid,
investments and loans and guarantees. The military component of this vast aeronautics support plan is based on the anticipation of
orders to the tune of €600 million.
According to the French Minister for the Armed Forces, Florence Parly, this acceleration will «make it possible to safeguard more than 1
200 jobs for 3 years, throughout France, half of which will benefit subcontractors».
Airbus Helicopters and its sub-contractors have been given a boost in particular, since the manufacturer has been notified of an advance
order for eight Caracal helicopters which will replace the Air Force’s Puma helicopters from 2023, instead of 2028-2029. The order is
worth a total of 300 million euros and «the equivalent of 960 jobs preserved for 3 years», the minister said.
Other air fleets benefiting from this support include the Civil Security, which should receive two H145s for a total of 32 million euros to
partially compensate for the loss of four aircraft.
The most important announcement, however, remains the advance order of ten H160s for the Gendarmerie in order to partially renew
the fleet of 26 AS350 Squirrels. These single-engine aircraft have in fact become obsolete, particularly for missions in urban areas, which
have been banned since 2014.
This order, worth €200 million, should enable the Gendarmerie to have a streamlined fleet of fully multi-purpose aircraft. According to
the Ministry, these twelve helicopters ordered (Civil Security and Gendarmerie) should preserve the equivalent of 640 jobs for 3 years.
MORE ABOUT AIRBUS HELICOPTERS
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HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I BREAKING NEWS I EUROPE
©Airbus Helicopters
FIVE- BLADED H145 RECEIVES TYPE CERTIFICATION BY EASA
Airbus Helicopters’ five-bladed H145 has been certified by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), clearing the way for
customer deliveries towards the end of summer 2020. The certification covers the full range of capabilities, including single-pilot and
instrument flight rules (IFR) and single engine operations (Cat.A/VTOL), along with night vision goggles capability.
Unveiled at Heli-Expo 2019 in Atlanta, this latest upgrade of the H145 family adds a new, innovative five-bladed rotor to the multimission
H145, increasing the useful load of the helicopter by 150 kg (330 lb). The simplicity of the new bearingless main rotor design
will also ease maintenance operations, further improving the benchmark serviceability and reliability of the H145, while improving ride
comfort for both passengers and crew. Certification by the Federal Aviation Administration will follow later this year. The certification
for the military version of the five-bladed H145 will be granted in 2021.
Powered by two Safran Arriel 2E engines, the H145 is equipped with full authority digital engine control (FADEC) and the Helionix digital
avionics suite and includes a 4-axis autopilot.
«Our new five bladed H145 is an excellent example of our quest for continuous improvement and providing incremental innovation that responds
to our customers’ requirements“, said Bruno Even, Airbus Helicopters CEO. “This helicopter combines value-added features with the robustness
and the reliability of a tried-and-tested bestseller, making it very competitive in the light twin-engine market.»
MORE ABOUT H145
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©NHV
NHV EXTENDS OFFSHORE CONTRACT WITH ITHACA ENERGY
NHV Group has signed a five-year contract extension with Ithaca Energy (UK) Limited, providing aviation services to the Ithaca Energy
Group’s operated FPF-1 installation, Alba, Captain and Erskine fields in the Scottish North Sea. The extension covers seven-day-a-week
coverage out of Aberdeen and will start in January 2021.
NHV will provide two H175 (primary + back-up) aircraft for this operation. The state-of-the-art H175 aircraft, an Airbus Helicopter’s Super
Medium type is specifically designed to meet evolving mission needs in the oil and gas industry.
«We are extremely pleased with this important agreement, further strengthening our solid partnership with Ithaca Energy. This extension is a
direct result of NHV’s continued commitment to safety and top-class service for our client and their passengers. We thank Ithaca Energy for
their continued trust in NHV and we look forward to supporting them in the years ahead», said Jamie John, NHV’s Base Manager in Aberdeen.
MORE ABOUT NHV
HI I 13
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I BREAKING NEWS I EUROPE
AW159 CONDUCTS FIRST SUCCESSFUL FIRINGS OF THE THALES « MARTLET LIGHTWEIGHT »
Leonardo and Thales announced the first successful firings of the Thales «Martlet» Lightweight Multirole Missile (LMM) from Leonardo’s
AW159 Wildcat helicopter. The firings were conducted as part of the UK MoD’s Future Anti-Surface Guided Weapon (FASGW) programme
and demonstrated the integration of the Martlet onto the AW159 platform. This represents a major milestone for the programme and will
enable this high-end capability to enter service with the Royal Navy later this year.
The firing trials were conducted from 27th April to 21st May 2020 and despite the current COVID-19 situation, Leonardo and Thales were
able to support the UK Ministry of Defence by completing this critical activity. All of the teams involved had to adopt strict distancing
procedures, in some cases having to find new ways of working, in order to make sure that the trials could go ahead. It is a testimony to
the professionalism of those involved that these trials were successfully completed under such challenging and novel circumstances.
“This major milestone demonstrates that the combination of the AW159 Wildcat and Martlet missile will be a flexible and effective
tool for the Royal Navy. Next year the Wildcat fleet will embark on Carrier Strike Group missions with HMS Queen Elizabeth on its
maiden operational deployment. As the only British company to design and manufacture helicopters on-shore, we’re extremely proud
to be equipping the UK Armed Forces with world-beating sovereign capabilities.” said Nick Whitney, Managing Director of Leonardo
Helicopters (UK).
«The successful live firings of the Thales LMM Martlet from the AW159 Wildcat is a key milestone in the programme, delivering a significant
step-change in capability for the platform. LMM Martlet will ensure that the Wildcat has the best-in-class offensive capability to protect HMS
Queen Elizabeth and her task group during her maiden operational deployment next year. With each platform capable of carrying up to 20
Martlet, the Wildcats deployed with the task group will be a significant deterrent to anyone wishing to interfere with UK interests.» said Philip
McBride, General Manager, Integrated Airspace-protection Systems, Thales UK.
In July 2014, Leonardo signed a contract with the UK Ministry of Defence to integrate, test and install the MBDA Sea Venom (heavy)
and Thales LMM (light) missile systems onto Royal Navy AW159 Wildcat helicopters, a programme called Future Anti Surface Guided
Weapon (FASGW).
The FASGW (light) part of the programme has now seen the LMM, with its associated launcher and airborne laser guidance unit,
successfully integrated into the Leonardo AW159 Wildcat sensor, displays and avionics systems. The LMM provides a step-change in
capability for the Royal Navy which, in the maritime environment, faces a major challenge in engaging smaller, fast-moving, asymmetric
threats, due to their high mobility, their small thermal and radar signatures and the severe background clutter encountered. The LMM
is capable of surmounting these issues where traditional electro-optic and radar guidance systems do not provide the certainty of hit
required. On-board the AW159 Wildcat platform, the LMM Martlet could also allow operators to engage air targets such as UAVs and
other maritime helicopters. The launchers are mounted to the AW159 via the new Leonardo Weapon Wing, developed at the Company’s
design and manufacturing facility in Yeovil and first trialled last year. Each weapon wing will be able to carry either ten Martlet or two
Sea Venom missiles and generates additional lift for the helicopter in forward flight, reducing demands on the main rotor.
MORE ABOUT AW159
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Helicopter Industry TV,
Everywhere ...
Every month, UJ TV & HI TV takes an in-depth look
at two issues making the headlines of the industry
with a distinctive editorial slant and style.
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I BREAKING NEWS I INTERNATIONAL
©Airbus
JAPAN’S NATIONAL POLICE AGENCY ORDERS FIVE NEW HELICOPTERS
Japan’s National Police Agency (NPA) has ordered one new H225 and four H135 helicopters as part of its fleet modernisation programme.
Currently operating 12 H135, four H155 and six AS365 helicopters, with one H215 and two H225 already on order, NPA deploys its
growing fleet for missions including law enforcement, personnel and VIP transport, goods transportation, disaster relief, as well as wide
area support. The five new helicopters will complement the agency’s law enforcement capabilities. The new order will take NPA’s Airbus
fleet to 30.
«Airbus Helicopters treasures the opportunity to support Japan’s wide-ranging law enforcement missions for more than 30 years with our light
twin, medium and heavy-lift helicopters. We thank NPA for its continued trust built over the years, and welcome the agency as a new customer
for our Super Puma helicopters. With an enlarged fleet not just in numbers, but also in range and capacity, we are fully confident that the new
helicopters will be a timely addition, reinforcing the agency’s operations,» said Guillaume Leprince, Managing Director of Airbus Helicopters
Japan.
MORE ABOUT AIRBUS HELICOPTERS
HI I 16
©Erickson
ERICKSON WINS IDIQ CONTRACT
Erickson Incorporated won an indefinite delivery/indefinite-quantity, multiple-award contract as subcontractor to Metson Marine
Services,Inc. The Naval Undersea Warfare Center Operational Support Services for Ocean Testing Contract will be performed at
government locations based on each individual task order, all over the world. The contract provides for:
•5-year IDIQ contract with three awardees
•$22,950,296 estimated total value
•Erickson scope focused on fixed and rotary wing services
•Scope includes torpedo recovery, range clearing and special test aircraft
Completion is expected by June 2025.
«This contract builds on a long history of Erickson support to the U.S. Navy. We are thrilled to be working with Metson Marine Services and
are honored to be trusted with this critical U.S. Navy Mission.» add Kevin Cochie, VP and General Manager Defense and National Security,
Erickson
MORE ABOUT ERICKSON
HI I 17
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I BREAKING NEWS I INTERNATIONAL
©Russian Helicopters
ROSTEC MADE FIRST CIVILIAN MI-8AMT ARTIC HELICOPTER
Russian Helicopters started serial production of Mi-8AMT Arctic helicopters for civilian customers. Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant made the
first rotorcraft which is ready to start operation.
Mi-8AMT helicopter in its Arctic version completed the flight-test program and the procedure of acceptance by an independent
commission of the Federal Air Transport Agency (Rosaviatsiya). The rotorcraft’s main features include a unique system for heating
transmission parts, designed by JSC «National helicopter center Мil & Kamov». The system provides for quick start of engines in
extremely low temperatures, even if the helicopter is deployed without a hangar for a long time.
The system for heating transmission parts is complemented by an improved system for thermal protection of the cargo cabin and
special thermal insulation shutters in sliding doors and cockpit doors. Special cover protects the helicopter from low temperatures, high
humidity and strong wind, if it is deployed without a hangar for a long time. The helicopter systems have teflon hose, which is resistant
to freezing temperatures, instead of rubber hose.
MORE ABOUT MI-8
HI I 18
«New Mi-8AMT helicopter will be sought after by many Russian companies and government agencies implementing projects and tasks in the
Arctic. The first rotorcraft is ready to start operation, and negotiations with several potential Russian customers are underway» stated Director
General of Russian Helicopters Andrey Boginsky. «The holding company is making every effort to provide operators with reliable and modern
helicopters, which is irreplaceable when many important tasks related to work in the region are carried out.»
The helicopter is equipped with two additional fuel tanks, which allow it to fly long distances. This in very important for northern districts
with low population density. The Arctic version of Mi-8AMT can fly up to 1,400 km. An emergency floatation system can also be installed
on the helicopter to fly over a vast area of waters in the Arctic.
«This helicopter is necessary for air medical services, maintenance of facilities of the fuel and energy complex, and for meeting the needs
of polar expeditions. It may also help organize transportation in northern regions,» emphasized Managing Director of Ulan-Ude Aviation
Plant Leonid Belykh.
When the helicopter was designed, great attention was given to ensuring that it is capable of flying over the Arctic terrain with few
features, in the conditions of polar night, harsh weather, and when satellite and radio signals are lost. For that purpose the rotorcraft is
equipped with a special navigation complex.
The complex includes several navigation systems for locating the helicopter, a radar with horizontal and vertical sweep of information
on the weather, a digital autopilot, and radio stations with a wide range of frequencies. The helicopter is capable of automated hovering,
flying a planned hovering route, and landing. The navigation system considerably reduces the load on the crew, and ensures greater
safety of the flight.
HI I 19
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I BREAKING NEWS I INTERNATIONAL
©Bell
BELL & BOEING DELIVER 400TH V-22 OSPREY
Bell Textron Inc. and Boeing have delivered the 400th V-22 Osprey to the United States Department of Defense. The U.S. Air Force
Special Operations command received the CV-22 on June 2, marking a milestone for the world’s first production tiltrotor aircraft.
«The delivery of the 400th V-22 represents the demand for this platform’s unique capabilities. It is a testament to the diligence of the men and
women from Bell, Boeing and our entire supply chain who build and deliver this incredible aircraft to our customers,” said Kurt Fuller, Bell V-22
vice president and Bell Boeing program director. “For over 30 years, the people who support the Bell Boeing V-22 have been the foundation in
bringing tiltrotor capabilities to the world.»
The CV-22 is the Special Operations Forces (SOF) variant of the V-22 Osprey. The CV-22 Osprey is a tiltrotor aircraft that combines
the vertical takeoff, hover and vertical landing qualities of a helicopter with the long-range, fuel efficiency and speed characteristics
of a turboprop aircraft. Its primary mission is to conduct long-range infiltration, exfiltration and resupply missions for Air Commandos
around the world and at a moment’s notice.
«It’s been over 20 years since the first production V-22 was delivered, and we are proud to reach another milestone in our 400th delivery.
V-22s continue to be in high demand, protecting our country and our allies around the world through combat operations, international training
partnerships and humanitarian missions,» said Marine Corps Col. Matthew Kelly, program manager for the V-22 Joint Program Office
(PMA-275). «This platform’s impact can’t be overstated.»
MORE ABOUT V-22 OSPREY
HI I 20
BELL UNVEILS INDUSTRIALISTS ON THE INVICTUS PROGRAM
In his latest press release, Bell Textron Inc. has announced agreements with nine premier aerospace industry leaders to form
Team Invictus. The companies are producing the Bell 360 Invictus prototype submission as part of the U.S. Army’s Future Attack
Reconnaissance Aircraft (FARA) program. Each industry partner brings unique experience and technological expertise to provide a
low-risk path for the Army’s acquisition of a lethal, affordable rotorcraft with advanced mission systems to modernize aviation for multidomain
operations (MDO). «Team Invictus is working together to show how cutting-edge technology will give soldiers the ability to confidently
operate in the complex and contested battlespace of multi-domain operations,” said Chris Gehler, vice president and program director for FARA
at Bell. “Future Vertical Lift is critical for the Army’s ability to win in multi-domain operations with FARA defeating defensive layers and the Future
Long-Range Assault Aircraft (FLRAA) exploiting opened areas to achieve operational objectives.»
Team members are working closely together to deliver the Bell 360 Invictus prototype using a configuration that emphasizes operational
availability, sustainability, and maintainability. The members of Team Invictus include:
• Astronics Corporation for a modular framework of airframe power generation, conversion, and distribution products
• Collins Aerospace for integration of a new generation of avionics hardware and software featuring cyber-hardened and digital backbone
solutions to configure and integrate mission systems
• GE Aviation for the 3,000-SHP T901 engine and working on the aircraft Health Awareness System (HAS)
• ITT-Enidine Inc. for the passive Liquid Inertia Vibration Eliminator (LIVE) units for all modes of operation including high speed
• L3Harris Technologies for the WESCAM MX-15D, an advanced, stabilized multi-sensor, multi-spectral imaging and targeting system
• Parker Lord for rotor dampers, the main rotor CF bearing, the tail rotor tension torsion strap, and the Active Vibration Control (AVC) System
• Mecaer Aviation Group, Inc. for a fully retractable, tail dragger landing gear system
• MOOG Inc. for flight control computer (FCC) electronics, software, and flight control actuation, critical components of the Bell fly-by-wire, Flight
Control System (FCS)
• TRU Simulation + Training for a high-fidelity flight simulator that gives pilots a true sense of the aircraft flight controls
Team Invictus is applying digital design and manufacturing technologies, including maintenance as part of the design process, and use
of emerging commercial practices to bring a holistic view of digital models, processing and analysis to reduce lifecycle maintenance
and servicing requirements—and thus reducing sustainment costs.
«Each team member brings a capability that is vital to the success of the Bell 360 and we are honored to have proven, capable, and wellrespected
industry partners on Team Invictus,» stated Gehler. «This is an outstanding industry team, and we are working diligently to produce
a FARA weapon system that is operationally effective and affordably sustainable, as well as complementary and in many ways common to the
FLRAA program.» Following the selection of the Bell 360 Invictus for the competitive prototype in March 2020, Team Invictus continues
to rapidly move forward. Team Invictus’ collective expertise reduces program risk while preserving the Army’s FARA schedule leading to
a first flight targeted for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022.
MORE ABOUT BELL 360 INVICTUS
HI I 21
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I FOCUS I
BY FRÉDÉRIC VERGNÈRES & FRANÇOIS BLANC
©HIOWAA
HI I 22
HI I 23
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I FOCUS I
©ALAT
OPERATION RESILIENCE:
ALAT IMPLEMENTS ITS NH90S
After the French Air Force, it is the French Army’s turn, and
its’ Aviation Légère de l’Armée de Terre (ALAT) -Light Aviation
Army – to implement its air assets. On March 28th, three
transfers were administered at the benefit of six patients
suffering from Covid-19. The transfers were carried out by
two aircrafts from the 1st Regiment of Helicopter Combat
(1st RHC) in Phalsbourg, in order to relieve hospitals in
the East of France. Flights were carried out in the morning
hours from Metz to Essen (Germany), and from Mulhouse
to Geneva (Switzerland) in the afternoon. On Sunday the
29th, the same aircrafts were also used to evacuate 6 other
patients from Besançon to Grenoble and Clermont-Ferrand;
and from Metz to Essen in Germany. At the end of the daily
missions, the two aircrafts left for Phalsbourg to undergo a
complete decontamination phase.
In order to establish the procedure for transferring intensive
care patients, the 1st RHC worked on the implementation
of an operational protocol in cooperation with GAMSTAT
– Groupement Aéromobilité de la Section Technique de
l’Armée de Terre – Aeromobility Group of the Ground
Army Technical Section, the units of the SAMU – Service
d’Aide Médicale Urgente / Emergency Medical Assistance
Service – and the 2nd Dragon Regiment Régiment de
Dragon, a unit specialized in nuclear, biological and chemical
(NRBC) threats. «The idea was to be able to adapt the existing
equipment to that of the SAMU, thus, limiting as much as
possible the manipulations during the transfers between the
ambulance and the helicopter, but also to preserve the initial
containment of the patient,» said a spokesman of the Alat.
To do so, the teams had to reinvent the NH90 cargo bay to
be able to integrate the two conditioned stretchers and the
resuscitation systems. Models, which are not normally used
on these devices during EVASAN missions abroad.
In addition to the integration of the medical equipment,
all stakeholders had to take into account the isolation
of the cockpit from the rest of the teams in the hold, by
integrating a protective device between the two zones.
The implementation of basic procedures between the crew
and the EMS medical teams were also defined. Through
the integration of military medical personnel and bunker
personnel, they were capable of guaranteeing, not only the
handling of the helicopter’s safety elements (door, cargo
hold, etc.), but also the autonomy of the batteries for the onboard
medical equipment.
HI I 24
Despite the complexity of implementing such a system, the
mission testing and certification phases were completed
in a very short period of time. They were validated the day
before the first mission. However, from the very beginning
of the epidemic and the subsequent containment measures,
GAMSTAT had already envisioned a working hypothesis of
this type of mission, and visualizing the action plan with
the airborne elements available in the territory. Already
particularly solicited by external operations, the 1st RHC in
Phalsbourg remains, after a very busy weekend, on high alert
for new transfer missions. At the moment, there are none
planned, but they can be triggered at any time, based on the
needs of the hospitals. For the General Staff, «these missions,
and the air assets committed to them are used to meet the
needs of the health services, and are carried out on the orders of
the President of the Republic and the Ministry of Solidarity and
Health». The fact remains however, in the event of a crisis
escalation the helicopter system could without problem be
reinforced on other sites in the hexagon, from the Caymans
base at the CFIA – Centre de Formation Inter Armées – in
Le Cannet des Maures and those of the 5th Regiment of
Helicopter Combat (5e RHC) in Pau.
MORE ABOUT ALAT
HI I 25
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I FOCUS I
©Armee Air
FRENCH AIR FORCE INFLATES
THE « RÉSILIENCE » OPÉRATION
WITH EC725 CARACAL
After the ALAT – Aviation Légère de l’Armée de Terre -, it is
the French Air Force’s turn to use its heliborne assets. As of
April 1st, the French Air Force set up a plot of three Caracals
and six crews of the EH 1/67 Pyrénées at the Villacoublay
Air Base 107, south of Paris. Operations began just a few
hours after the arrival of the machines, as two EC725s each
transferred two Covid-19 patients from the Ile-de-France
region from orly to Caen and Angers.
To keep up with the pace of the missions, the squadron
will also operate the EC225, rented from RTE, for logistical
purposes between the Cazaux base and the Villacoublay
site. Two SA330 Puma from the EH 1/44 Solenzara should
also reinforce the Paris operation in the coming days.
The request for reinforcements for this type of mission is
in fact not really a surprise for the crews from the Pyrenees
who have been preparing for several weeks to be put on
alert for Covid missions of inter-hospital transfers. As soon
as the virus became more powerful, the squadron and the
CEAM – Military Air Test Centre – worked on the possibility
of converting the EC725‘s hold into a medical «cluster»,
following the example of the modifications carried out on
the Army’s NH90.
The hold, which houses the medical equipment, should not
have any electronic interaction with the cockpit in order to
remain fully autonomous. In addition, the crew should be
separated from the rest of the hold by the installation of a
protection system.
With this new mission, the human element should find itself
particularly solicited on several fronts. Currently engaged in
external operations, in particular for «special forces», the EH
1/67, which operates a total of nine EC725 Caracal aircraft,
will also continue to maintain an aircraft and its crew on H24
alert for the public service search and rescue mission.
MORE ABOUT RESILIENCE
HI I 26
CAESAR AT THE BEDSIDE
OF THE ITALIANS
While Italy is paying a heavy price against the Covid-19, with
more than 6,000 deaths to date, the country has set up a
health alert with the Caesar HH-101s from the 9th Stormo
of Grazzanise and the 15th Stormo of Cervia.
On March 6th, the regional emergency and rescue agency
of Lombardy called upon the Italian Air Force to evacuate
a 62-year-old patient suffering from the Coronavirus,
transporting her from Cremona to the Morelli Hospital in
Sondalo (Sondrio). This first mission was carried out from
Cervia, headquarters of the 15th Stormo, specialized in SAR
missions. The helicopter, with a specialised medical team
on board for bio-containment transport, took off from Cervia
shortly after receiving the mission order and reached the
hospital in Cremona, where it loaded the patient. The aircraft
then left again for Bormio, where a subsequent transfer was
completed to the Morelli Hospital in Sondalo.
for possible health surveillance, military infrastructures
spread over the entire peninsula. From Valle d’Aosta to
Sicily, about 2200 rooms and approximately 6600 beds,
including their own medical staff from the Army, Navy, Air
Force and Carabinieri, have been provided at the request of
the Civil Defense in order to meet the needs of the Lombard
territories. According to the Italian Ministry of Defense, «this
operational alert is expected to last more than a month. »
Initially dedicated to search and rescue missions in support
of special operations, the 11 HH-101A Caesar aircraft of the
Italian Air Force are also capable of loading and transporting
special insulated stretchers, A.T.I. (Aircraft Transit Isolator),
designed specifically for air transport in bio-containment of
highly infectious patients. This modular system, equipped
with respiratory equipment, allows the transport of patients
in bio-containment mode. In addition to the HH-101A, the
ATI modules have also been certified for use on the C-130J,
C-27J and KC-767 of the Italian Air Force.
In the last two weeks of march, five such transports have
been carried out by 15° Stormo, with the support of crews
from 9 Wing Grazzanise, who also depart from the Cervia
base to intervene in various locations throughout the Italian
territory.Since the first cases of the contagion were observed
in the north of Italy, the Armed Forces have provided,
MORE ABOUT ITALIAN AIR FORCE
©Aeronautica Militare
HI I 27
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I FOCUS I
©F.Lert
HEALTH CRISIS: THE FRENCH
GENDARMERIE AIR SUPPORT
Along with army, air force, Sécurité civile and air ambulance
helicopters commitment, rotary-wings aircrafts of the
Gendarmerie nationale, in France, participate in many types
of missions related to the current health crisis. As for the
armed forces and the Sécurité civile, their actions have
multiplied over the past few weeks, as their usual role had to
be maintained in full epidemic.
Since 1953, the Forces Aériennes de la Gendarmerie
nationale, or FAGN (national Gendarmerie air forces), in
France and in French overseas territories, are the only
internal security air forces. In 2020, they consist of 56
helicopters and 32 drones, divided into 23 units in France and
6 units overseas. The rotary-wings aircrafts implemented
by this particular Corps of the helicopter state fleet are of
three types: AS350 (for 26 of them), EC145 and EC135 (15
aircrafts of each type). All those units are commanded by
the CFAGN (Commandement des forces aériennes de la
gendarmerie nationale) from the Vélizy-Villacoublay air
force base, located a few kilometers of Paris. The fleet is
operational 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
It flies between 18 000 and 19 300 hours per year, depending
on the year. In total, 152 pilots are assigned to it, on a global
workforce of 483 officers and non-commissioned officers.
The helicopters operational availability rate is «greater than
80 %, thanks to our mechanics and to the Groupement de
maintien en condition opérationnelle (GMCO) based at Orléans
and Nîmes. The GMCO perform maintenance operations every
1200 hours for the benefit of the AS350s, every 1000 and 800
hours, respectively, on the EC135s and EC145s», said colonel
Emmanuel Sillon, FAGN commander.
Three action frameworks
Deployed year round in the French airspace, Gendarmerie
helicopters work in three areas: information gathering and
decision support tool, intervention and crises management
and, finally, assistance and rescue. The first part includes
policing and judicial police mission. «Air assets allow us
to cover large spaces, to anticipate the evolution of events
on ground and to provide valuable insights to ground units.
Thanks to its on-board advanced equipment, the helicopter is
facing more and more complex internal security missions. The
aforementioned equipment includes a thermal camera able to
film day and night with optimal optical resolution (it allows to
read a licence plate one kilometre away); loudspeakers and a
spotlight capable, for example, of lighting a soccer filed from
300 m high; a winch and a rope jib used for quick commandos
drop-off, such as the GIGN (Groupement d’intervention de la
gendarmerie nationale) or the national police RAID (Recherche,
assistance, intervention, dissuasion).»
In addition to this equipment, a crisis mapping system is
used: the SC2. «SC2 is a complex system which aims within
a few hours to establish a cartography of a possibly modified
environment. In crisis management, time is a strong constraint.
Images acquisition of the situation and associated cartography
acquisition are essential for the conduct of operations. In
crisis, the map becomes obsolete. Satellite images are slow
to come. The crisis upsets usual references: it induces a
change of landscape and of values. However, it is essential
to understand the crisis in all its dimensions (intrinsic nature,
intensity, extent, kinetic). Thus, the SC2 crisis cartography
system brings real operational added value in order to plan,
HI I 28
prepare and conduct operations, both for the military authorities
and for administrative or judicial authorities. Let’s keep in mind
that this cartography system had provided valuable services in
the framework of the French Var department flood occurred in
2019», said colonel Emmanuel Sillon.
Intervention and crisis management
The judicial police mission consists in supporting ground
units looking for, or in pursuit of criminals. On-board
equipment provides forensic evidence.The second part
of the role played by Gendarmerie nationale helicopters
consists in intervention and crisis management. «Helicopter
is a valued ally of counterterrorism capacities and of illegal
immigration control. This was the case during Trèbes hostage
taking, on 23 march 2019, for the projection of intent elements
and intelligence gathering. In the French overseas territories,
in particular in Mayotte, the Gendarmerie air section (SAG:
section aérienne de gendarmerie) peforms administrative police
missions focused on the fight against illegal immigration from
Comoros islands.»
Finally, in terms of assistance and rescue, gendarmerie
helicopters are implemented «at sea and in the mountains
to protect human lives, to ensure the judicial processing of
claims and, thus, to protect victims interests. Where access is
impossible for men and when particular technique is necessary
(hoist), helicopters are taking over.» The health crisis related
to Covid-19 epidemic has required the transfer of many
patients (more than 600 on mid-April) to French hospitals
able to accommodate new patients, but also to care facilities
located in Germany, Switzerland, Luxemburg and Austria.
FAGN were called upon for this. «Vélizy-Villacoublay, Lyon and
Hyères SAGs contribute to these transfers, in order to decongest
saturated hospitals.
The Vélizy-Villacoublay SAG had been integrated in the Paris-Orly
hub.” More precisely, “In the early days of April, seven missions
of this kind had been performed, essentially from the sanitary
hub established at Paris-Orly and Lyon. Two Gendarmerie aerial
units have been solicited: the Vélizy-Villacoubaly and Lyon
SAGs.»
The anti spread fight
Like the other state and private operators called to transfer
infected patients, FAGN has to adapt helicopters layout.
«Our aircrafts are prepared in accordance with the rules issued
by the Ministry of Health for the air ambulance fleets. Those
rules were taken over by Airbus Helicopters through two of
its recent publications. Otherwise, each aircraft is disinfected
after each mission: headset microphone, flight controls and
handles are carefully cared for. The facilities are disinfected
with every crew change. Individually, during these missions,
crews wear protection’s masks, gloves, protective gown, also
in accordance with the standards established by the medical
authorities.» Along those missions, FAGN aircrafts participate
in the support of the internal security forces territorial action,
in relation to the containment measures, «just like vital points
of interest security operations aiming to preserve the people
energy, food and sanitary supply chain.»
MORE ABOUT
GENDARMERIE NATIONALE
HI I 29
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I FOCUS I
©Leonardo
LEONARDO AT THE HEART
OF COVID-19 TRANSPORT
Faced with the pandemic, manufacturers are adapting and
striving to find new solutions to effectively support the work
of caregivers, particularly during the transfer of patients
from one hospital to another by helicopter.
Italy, which has been particularly affected by Covid-19
in Europe, has been able to benefit from the technologies
introduced by Leonardo in this field. In order to limit the
risk of contagion for the crew and medical personnel,
biological containment solutions specifically developed by
the manufacturer were used for patient transfers. These biocontainment
“cells” have been developed in collaboration
with the aeronautical authorities (ENAC – Italian Civil Aviation
Authority and EASA – European Aviation Safety Agency) and
comply with European standards for air ambulance services.
In addition to its equipment, Leonardo provides in parallel
real-time technical assistance and sanitation procedures
before and after patient transport and specific measures to
be followed when loading patients in order to limit the risk of
Covid-19 contagion.
Adaptation according to the cabin
The installation of the biological containment solution
developed by Leonardo not only optimises the space on board
the helicopters but also completely isolates the pilots and
passengers, while ensuring functionality and airworthiness.
To integrate this solution, Leonardo had to adapt its systems
to the constraints on board the helicopters, such as power
supply and ventilation systems, to make them as efficient as
those used in hospital intensive care units. If the integration
of such a system seems at first sight easy for a heavy
military aircraft with a large cabin, type HH-101 “Caesar”,
the same cannot be said for private operators. In fact, the
manufacturer has proposed specific solutions developed
especially for civil air ambulances, with smaller cabins and
short distance flights of 20 to 30 minutes.
The helicopter: a precious asset for the Covid-19 emergency
According to Leonardo, the devices have thus been integrated
in Italy, on the AW139 and AW169 models – used for medical
aid by several regions – as well as on the HH-101A “Caesar”
helicopters of the 15th Cervia Wing of the Italian Air Force
patient transport, since the beginning of the epidemic. For
its part, Babcock Aviation has obtained approval from the
Italian civil authorities and the British National Health Service
to use specific stretchers with the biological containment
system. Their deployment was also possible on the AW139
and AW169 helicopters in order to guarantee maximum
protection for the medical staff and crew. In the face of the
crisis, Leonardo recalled that helicopters are proving to be
an indispensable asset. More versatile than other types of
transport, the rotary wing remains to this day the safest
and fastest means of transferring patients with Covid-19.
The manufacturer pointed out that its range of aircraft had
carried out numerous missions of this type throughout the
world: from the United Kingdom with the AW159 Wildcat
and AW101 Merlin of the armed forces to the United States
with the operator Bristow Group, via Brazil and the company
Omni Táxi Aéreo, which both operated their AW139s to
evacuate patients potentially affected by the Covid-19.
Activity was also sustained in many other countries,
including Chile, Canada, Malaysia, Australia and Spain.
MORE ABOUT LEONARDO
HI I 30
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I FOCUS I
©HIOWAA
HAMPSHIRE AIR AMBULANCE JOINS
FORCES WITH THE RAF
While the United Kingdom East has just announced a threeweek
extension of the containment to cope with Covid-19,
air evacuation of patients is intensifying, particularly in the
south of the country. The operator, Hampshire and Isles of
Wight Air Ambulance – HIOWAA – has unveiled that it is one
of the first air ambulance services to work with the Royal Air
Force (RAF) to transport Covid-19 patients. On Tuesday 7
April, members of the HIOWAA Intensive Care Unit were able
to carry out the emergency transfer of a patient from Jersey
to Southampton University Hospital in an RAF Chinook.
Training with the RAF
A mission previously prepared during an exercise carried out
in particular with units from Odiham Air Force Base housing
the Chinooks last week on the Thruxton site of HIOWAA base.
«Our intensive care teams have been working alongside military
personnel to prepare to provide increased support to patients
in the Isle of Wight and other more remote areas during the
Covid-19 pandemic,» said the teams from the Charitable Care
Unit. During the exercise, the doctors and nurses simulated
the loading of critically ill patients and provide constant care
support within the cargo holds of the rotary wing aircraft
currently in service with the RAF, namely Chinook HC6,
Puma HC2 and Merlin HC3. The operational procedures
practiced during this exercise have been incorporated into
new operational procedures being developed to oversee the
collaboration between military crews and air ambulance
services across the country.
For Alex Lochrane, President and CEO of HIOWAA, these
missions are vitally important because «It is absolutely our
duty to do everything we can to ensure that patients on the Isle
of Wight, and other more remote areas, receive the critical care
they need during the current pandemic. This is an extremely
impressive and vitally important collaboration with the RAF
and I am immensely proud of our intensive care clinicians and
the Group Care Management team at Southampton University
Hospital, who have responded with flexibility and total
disinterest to the rapidly evolving health crisis, demonstrating
their usual professionalism, dedication and teamwork».
The units on board the Odiham Chinooks
Following this initial operation, the charity’s ambulance and
medical teams are now expected to be integrated de facto on
board military helicopters, particularly Chinooks operating
in the region to provide urgent critical care to patients who
will be transferred to the country’s major trauma centres,
including Southampton University Hospital and the new NHS
Nightingale Hospital at the ExCel centre in London. To meet
the need for emergency medical evacuations in the south
of the country, three Chinook helicopters, each capable of
transporting up to two ventilated patients each, have been
placed on standby at the Odiham base in Hampshire. The
use of these helicopters is proving to be particularly vital
as Dr Simon Hughes, HIOWAA’s senior consultant in prehospital
emergency medicine for over 10 years, who led the
joint training session, points out: «The Chinook not only has
the advantage of range and speed, but also offers more cabin
space than the EC135 operated by HIOWAA, allowing us to
continue treating patients who could potentially be positive on
the Covid-19, while maintaining a safe distance from the military
crew».
In addition to the Covid missions, the charity’s teams
continue to respond to critically ill patients throughout the
region, implementing the EC135 that the charity received in
2015 to replace an identical aircraft delivered in 2010.
MORE ABOUT RAF
HI I 32
©HIOWAA ©Charlotte Cotronis
FRENCH EMERGENCY MEDICAL
SERVICE HELICOPTERS
IN THE FRONT LINE
Helicopter medical rescue, in France, switched in “Covid-19
mode”. A business manager of SAF Hélicoptères, one of
four companies beside Babcock, MBH and NHV serving
the Service d’aide médicale urgente (SAMU) in the
country, including French overseas territories, recalls the
arrangements made the benefit of hospitals and their
patients.
Basically, their mission doesn’t change beyond measure.
Transporting patients from one hospital to another in suitable
safety and sanitary conditions is, indeed, their daily tasks.
Since the appearance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, helicopter
transport companies under contract with care facilities, in
France, saw evolve the order of priorities. «Apart from any
crisis situation, SAF Hélicoptères transports 5 500 patients per
year, carries out 7 000 missions in about 6 000 flight hours.
In full Covid-19 epidemic, it’s impossible for the time being to
predict if this activity level will be matched or exceeded. But it is
certain that the mobilization of crews and helicopters is total»,
said Marc Latour, helicopter pilot, business development
manager at SAF Hélicoptères. Total, indeed, and everybody
knows why. From the French people point of view, the peak
of the epidemic seems to be in the process of being reached.
In other words, the crisis took unseen proportions until then.
In Paris area, where healthcare infrastructure is known as
the largest in Europe, facilities are saturated.
To free up space in intensive care units
The medical rescue helicopter is called to play a new role,
in addition to the one he usually plays. It’s implemented to
free up beds in saturated intensive care units, transporting
patients to more or less distant facilities able to accommodate
them. «Our other activity areas, such as aerial work, passenger
transportation (both VIP and tourists) and training, record a
sharp decline. The usual medical transportation also tends
to decrease, because the medical emergency isn’t managed
as it usually is», said Marc Latour. In these dark hours,
the 16 helicopters deployed by SAF Hélicoptères from
their ten air bases (most of them are located south of a
Toulouse-Besançon line) are now solicited on a new field of
operations. «Crews must serve hospital platforms they aren’t
necessarily used to go to.» History will perhaps remember
that at the start of the epidemic, doctors didn’t plan to use
helicopters to transport patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
But the speed of virus propagation as well as the number of
registered cases in a to short period of time changed their
minds.
Protected crews
Simultaneously, this unexpected transportation mission
required new measures: the crew protection – pilot and
flight attendant. «Crews wear protection masks at least. When
it comes to transport people infected with the Covid-19 virus
and showing signs of acute pathology, we erected a separation
barrier between the cockpit and the cabin where doctors,
nurses and patients take place. This barrier is materialized by
a kind of plastic transparent tarpaulin. As it is confirmed that
the patient is infected with the SARS-CoV-2, in addition to the
mask, our staffs wear a cap covering the hair and the ears,
protection glasses and gloves.» It is clear that the culture of
medical emergency, year after year accumulated experience
in association with the medical staff greatly facilitates the
task of all the professionals involved in a fight that no one
expected.
MORE ABOUT SAMU
HI I 33
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I FOCUS I
©Pecchi.
SÉCURITÉ CIVILE:
THE « DRAGONS » IN THE EARLY
HOURS OF THE EPIDEMIC
Very discreet in the major French national media, Sécurité
Civile was nevertheless the first to intervene in missions to
transfer patients with COVID-19.
At the end of February, the helicopters Dragon 75 unit carried
out the first medical evacuation for a patient infected in the
Oise, who unfortunately died a few days later. This mission
was carried out, even though the WHO had not yet qualified
COVID-19 as a pandemic. «The data at the time was very
random concerning the risks related to the epidemic. Therefore,
at the completion of the first mission, the command ordered
a quarantine of the crew, whose screening fortunately proved
to be negative,» said the spokesman for the Sécurité Civile.
Moving ahead, they would be the first heliborne unit to be
called upon because of its daily experience and its ability to
carry out such missions, as the spokesman emphasizes once
again: «Unlike the army helicopters, which require an adaptation
of the cargo bay layout for medical transport, the Sécurité
Civile EC145s are already planned to receive a configuration
with specific medical equipment, in particular for the transfer
of patients suffering from serious pathologies. Moreover, the
cargo compartment is perfectly autonomous, and there is no
electronic interaction between the cabin and the cockpit. Our
aircraft have been designed from the outset to carry out several
missions, including the vital mission of medical evacuation». In
addition to its first intervention in the Oise at the beginning
of the epidemic and before the crisis developed in the East,
Sécurité Civile had already gone to the front by intervening in
French Guiana on the cluster of Saint-Laurent du Maroni in
order to carry out transfers to Cayennes.
Grand Est district
Since the beginning of the confinement, the Dragons of Grand
Est district units based in Strasbourg and Besançon have
been particularly solicited. They had to respond very quickly
to the first requests for inter-hospital transfer missions in
order to relieve congested hospitals in the region. These
were first-rate missions, which did not, however, escape
certain conflicts between the various administrations
concerned. Paradoxically, solidarity and teamwork do not
always seem to be appropriate in an emergency context.
Despite these few pitfalls, the missions proved particularly
intense in this region for the two helicopters, which had to
call on a third machine from Haute-Savoie, as the Sécurité
Civile command emphasised: «Following the confinement,
activity in the mountains was almost nil, which enabled us to
disengage a helicopter from Haute-Savoie to the Grand Est
plot. Today, the fleet in the area has three helicopters, and the
possibility of a fourth, if necessary».
Second wave
Extremely connected with the Eastern sector, Sécurité Civile
also had to deal with the first interventions in the Paris
region. These transfers, which begun on March 29th, have
helped to relieve congestion in certain Parisian hospitals,
to those in the Tourangelle and Indre-et-Loire regions. As
with previous COVID missions, procedures remain strict
during flights, including suitable equipment for the crews
(waterproof gowns, masks…) even when they are returning
HI I 34
from missions. Some units have reinforced their measures,
such as Dragon 20 based in Ajaccio, which has installed
plastic protection to isolate the cockpit from the cargo, thus
helping to limit the risks of contamination during COVID-19
transfers. The disinfection protocol for both crews and
machines is particularly strict and can take several minutes.
maintain our crews’ condition, in order to preserve them as long
as possible.» An objective that we hope will be sustainable,
as we cannot forget those hidden units during the daily
national applause to say thank you.
Despite a spike in the epidemic, which does not seem to
have reached a peak point according to the authorities, the
Dragon 75 site at Issy Les Moulineaux could nevertheless
accommodate new machines. «But nothing is set in stone,»
said the spokesman. The daily management of helicopters
is being carried out by the SAMU, according to the needs
and regions, but also based on the availability of an aircraft,
whether it’s operated by the Sécurité Civile, the SAMU, the
ALAT – Light Aviation Army, or the Air Force. In order to
plan flights, the Sécurité Civile staff and the different
heliborne units, such as: the SAMU, the Army, and recently
the Air Force, should evaluate and determine the different
hypotheses concerning the distribution of helicopters, along
with the possible reinforcements needed at certain locations
throughout the hexagon, according to the spread of the virus.
The Dragons recorded their 100th mission on March 29th,
proving their effectiveness. And, the number of operations of
this type, across the across the territory, has not weakened.
According to the Sécurité Civile spokesman, an average of
eight to twelve flights a day are now conducted for patients
suffering from COVID-19 throughout the territory. In total,
more than 180 hours have been logged in the last 15 days
for this mission alone. And, the pace of crews is not slowing
down. In fact, the staff says, they have to «readjust the
workload of the crews and maintenance mechanics according
to their needs.» For the moment, according to the spokesman
of the entity, «The objective is to last throughout the period, and
MORE ABOUT
SÉCURITÉ CIVILE
©Ministère de l’intérieur
HI I 35
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I INTERVIEW I
HI I 36
EXECUTIVE VICE-PRESIDENT
CUSTOMER SUPPORT AND SERVICES
AT AIRBUS HELICOPTERS
BY FRANÇOIS BLANC
©AIRBUS HELICOPTERS
HI I 37
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I INTERVIEW I
C
hristoph Zammert, executive vice-president of
customer support and services at Airbus Helicopters,
describes the events of the last four months of the current
year. He talks about the role of the manufacturer in the
development of specific technical solutions in the midst
of the health crisis. He also explains how the spare parts
supply intended for its customers never stopped.
HI: When did Airbus Helicopters take into account the arrival
of a global pandemic?
Christoph Zammert: We went through two phases. And I
imagine that we did as others have done, because the crisis,
or pandemic, has its origins in China. We have a strong
presence in China. We were confronted with this virus for
the first time on our premises there; and confronted with the
way China handled it. Early on, containment measures were
taken, which disrupted our Chinese customers. But I imagine
that like many people, we first saw it as a local phenomenon.
Unfortunately, it didn’t stay that way. Quite early on, from
the end of February, at the very beginning of March, when
we saw the first cases in Europe, we understood that we
had to face a global, worldwide pandemic, as we may have
experienced during the SARS era, for example. We launched
an internal reflection on the scope of the phenomenon, both
for us, our business, but also for the business of our clients.
At the same time, we were contacted by customers who
started asking us questions. We have a tool that i allows
us to capture all the questions asked by our customers, so
we are able to see themes that appear, that are out of the
ordinary. And we recorded several types of questions. In the
beginning, everything was related to the means, products
and procedures for disinfecting cabins. We started thinking
about it. We talked to our colleagues in the group, both
Airbus Defence & Space and Airbus Commercial, because
they were facing the same problems. The theme itself was
not new. So we were able to concentrate all this in a first
information note that we distributed to our customers on
March 10, 2020. As we went along, we updated tis notice,
because we heard from operators that the recommended
products were not readily available, or that the procedures
were not necessarily suited to their operations. We have
therefore took the opportunity to issue an update. After this
period, the need arose to separate the cockpit from the cabin
to exclude, or minimize, the risk of infection to the pilots.
So we have undertaken several things. We looked at what
was already on the market, in terms of STCs [Supplemental
Type Certificates], and where this was not possible, where
there was no solution adapted to the platforms in question,
we developed solutions with some of our customers: we
collected some good ideas from our engineers or from our
customers. Thus, we have developed quick solutions, which
we have subsequently certified with the authorities.
HI I 38
HI: Are you talking about the European Aviation Safety Agency
(EASA)?
CZ: Yes, absolutely. So the first question was about
disinfection. Then came the segregation of the cabin. But
cabin segregation also means separation of ventilation flows
in air conditioning systems. We have therefore developed
solutions to block or segregate air flows where possible. Then
we received questions related to the operators’ operations.
Wherever possible, we proceeded to validate their technical
solutions. For example, there is a need for electrical current
transformers. In order to be able to transport patients with
their ventilators, solutions had to be found to allow them to
operate on 220 volts AC, not 28 volts DC. Either we proposed
solutions that exist on the market or customers proposed
solutions that they wanted to implement. We did analyses
and then issued what we call “No technical objections”,
technical approvals.
HI: Still under EASA?
CZ: Yes and no: through our Authorized Designer Approval,
we can give a “No Technical Objection”. It’s covered by our
approval. Between the first questions and the first structured
answer, generalized to all operators, we took less than two
weeks.
HI: Another sub-question: From which regions of the world did
the first questions from come?
CZ: Europe. It was kind of like tracking the virus. The
questions arrived in Europe from French, Italian and then
German operators. Two to three weeks later, they came
from North America. Faced with these demands, we have
undertaken several things. We have published briefing notes
through which we can easily reach all of our clients. But we
have also reinforced our usual communication flow to our
customers that we considered critical in this pandemic: EMS
operators (patient transport), para-public operators (police)
and military operators, in order to understand their needs
and pass on a certain amount of information to reassure
them, for example about our supply chain or our logistics
situation at the moment. We also heard their questions and
considered solutions to their problems, because being close
to the customers is something that is important to us. This
led us to update the briefing notes we had developed. Finally,
we reached our critical customers at least once every two
weeks through our network of customer support managers.
So we’re dealing with about 450 questions a week. Many
of them concern the world of medical transport – EMS,
protection, disinfection, separation. Now the customers are
changing. Because the implementation of these solutions
proves to be costly. Secondly, we received more and more
questions about what they call PID (Patient Isolation
Devices), those kinds of cocoons that completely isolate the
patient. Here again, we have issued technical approvals and
given advice on the integration of this equipment in the cabin,
power supply, oxygenation. All this concerns professionals
who are fighting the pandemic directly. But there were also
other requests, in connection with the French operation
“Résilience”, when the government fleets began to be used.
We’ve seen the NH90s, the Cougars and the Caracal come
on the scene. Through our organisation, which manages
the French customer, we have developed solutions adapted
jointly with the operators. We have also received comparable
requests from Germany and Sweden. In their case, we do not
have the same airworthiness constraints, because it is often
the customer himself who is his own authority in this area:
he can more easily, not certify, but qualify the solution. At
the same time, we have all other customers to manage – we
follow 420 EMS, parapublic and military operators. We have
noticed, through the questions asked, that an evolution is
taking place: we are dealing with more and more questions
about the temporary immobilization of machines. For
example, in the United States, almost all tourist flights are
banned by the government. Customers then want to place
their machines in temporary storage. They sometimes show
a willingness to anticipate some maintenance tasks. We are
therefore taking a lot of questions into account in this sense.
All this leads us to think about how we can be proactive in
the prospect of deconfinement of helicopters, because if
customers have immobilized machines for several weeks or
even months in sometimes hostile environments (extreme
cold, heat, humidity, salty air), we must be proactive in order
to limit the risks associated with return to service as much
as possible.
HI I 39
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I INTERVIEW I
HI: What is the profile of the suppliers of the equipment you
approve, in particular for separating cabin and cockpit?
CZ: These are companies we know. Usually, a supplier who
has developed something, who has his own Supplemental
Type Certificate (STC), wants us to validate this solution, to
label it. We are in contact with a number of suppliers who
hold a STC. On our Airbus World portal, we give access to
a very large number of STCs, those that we have labelled.
Sometimes large customers have developed their own
solutions and submit them to us for approval.
But the vast majority were like us – they took the time to
reconfigure themselves. Where difficulties have arisen, and
we need to be agile and innovative, is in the area of logistics
solutions. Because with all the commercial flights that have
all but disappeared, we have lost a lot of capacity to transport
parts. But we always find solutions, even if this remedy has
become very expensive. It is also a way of supporting our
customers: we do not pass on these increased transport
costs in our invoices.
HI: 8% down, that seems very little. How can I explain it?
HI : From an aerospace manufacturing industrial point of view,
has this health crisis event changed the situation?
CZ: Everything works! All our production sites, assembly
lines, spare parts, are running, but at a slightly slower pace.
Why? A number of staff have to keep their children as long
as the schools are or were closed. On the other hand, we
have people who are more or less in poor health, so they
can’t take the risk of coming to work. Let us add that last
March, for four days, we significantly reduced our industrial
activities, the time it took to reconfigure the workstations,
in other words, to put in place a system of team relief and
cleaning procedures to limit or avoid the risk of infection as
much as possible. We are quite proud of the fact that we
have not had any cases of infection in the workplace. Our
entire customer support business continues to operate.
This is also important for us; and reassuring: activity in
terms of spare parts orders and deliveries has not declined.
Because in terms of global flying hours, we are seeing a
slight decrease (by about 8%), because there are people who
are flying less, or who cannot fly at the moment. But we are
lucky: for the moment, we are very little affected. Suppliers
have experienced some problems because they also have
concerns about the presence of staff, or supply problems.
That’s why we monitor our supplier network very closely
to pick up any weak signals that could indicate a problem.
CZ: Already the Airbus Helicopters fleet is very diversified.
The parapublic, military, EMS sectors continue to fly –
sometimes even more than before. The Oil & Gas sector is
very much affected by the consequences of the fall in the
price per barrel. However, because it also has exceptional
passenger separation provisions, operators have to operate
more machines with fewer people on board. We will see how
the flight hours will evolve over time.
HI: Does that mean that the share of tourist flights is quite low
in any case ?
CZ: Yes and no. For example, when we look at Hawaii, the
Grand Canyon in the United States and these kinds of air
operations in the northern hemisphere, they tend to be more
active in the summer. So the season is still to come. In
Europe, we were rather at the end of the heli-skiing season.
The consequences of the health crisis have therefore been,
and are still being, weighed.
MORE ABOUT AIRBUS
HELICOPTERS
HI I 40
HI I XX
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I MILITARY I
HI I 42
APRIL THE 16TH OF 2020 MARKED THE 75TH ANNIVERSARY OF 298 SQUADRON
WHICH IS CURRENTLY OPERATING A FORCE OF TEN CH-47D ‘CHINOOKS’ AND IS
AWAITING DELIVERY OF TWENTY CH-47F MY II CAAS CHINOOKS (US ARMY MULTI
YEAR II PROGRAM, COMMON AVIONICS ARCHITECTURE SYSTEM) AS REPLACEMENT.
X DUE TO THE COVID-19 CRISIS THE PLANNED 75TH ANNIVERSARY IS POSTPONED
TO A LATER MOMENT.
BY CARLO KUIT & PAUL KIEVIT
© PAUL KIEVIT
HI I 43
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I MILITARY I
E
specially this Covid-19 and the introduction of the new
Chinook fleet is on top of the mind of Lt Col. Niels van
den Berg, the current Commander of 298 squadron. Niels
transitioned from 300 Squadron during 2011 and is 298
Commander since September 2018. «My main focus is to
have stability in the squadron. We worked very hard over the last
seven years implementing new procedures, quality assurance
and improve operations which has shown to be successful.
There is no need to change». Niels continues «The big challenge
for the squadron is implementing the new CH-47F fleet and
remain open for business to support international missions. The
moment we have both the new CH-47F and legacy CH-47Ds in
use with the squadron this will be a turning point in potentially
briefly impacting availability for operations. We expect under
the current Covid-19 situation to be completed with the
conversion by 2022». The first new CH-47Fs are expected
to arrive in Royal Netherlands Air Force during December
2020. As Boeing Philadelphia has been identified as Critical
Infrastructure the impact by Covid-19 has been minimal. The
total number of new CH-47F MYII CAAS Chinooks within the
Royal Netherlands Air Force will be twenty. Fifteen will be
assigned to 298 Squadron at Gilze-Rijen Air Base while five
remain with 302 Squadron at Fort Hood in the United States.
HI I 44
COVID-19 CRISIS IMPACT
“After the announcement by Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte
on the 16th of March, in which the intelligent lockdown was
announced in the Netherlands, we took a week and a half to
rethink how we as squadron would move forward” according to
Niels. “We decided to focus on crew checks, flight currencies
and certification flights to safeguard our basic skillset and
readiness status as we are not able to set up complex exercises
with our sister squadrons (300 and 301 Squadron) and the 11
Air Mobile Brigade. We have about half of the squadron working
from home and rotate personnel every other couple of days to
avoid risks of virus infection. Luckily 2019 has been a very good
year for us in terms of training and flight hours. Therefore, we
can absorb a bit before we are being negatively impacted” Niels
adds. The Helicopter Weapons Instructor Course (HWIC) which
was taking place at that moment in Germany was cancelled
mid-March. “Currently we only allow four persons for planning
and the execution of flights. Therefore, we work in solitude as
squadron”.
DEFENSE HELICOPTER COMMAND (DHC)
The Heavy Rotary Squadron is one of four flying squadrons
which are part of the Defense Helicopter Command
(DHC). Since the establishment of the DHC in July 2008,
298 Squadron transferred to Gilze-Rijen Air Base from
Soesterberg Air Base. The purpose of the DHC is to integrate
all of the Helicopter Units of the Royal Netherlands Air Force
(AH-64Ds, AS532U2s, CH-47D/Fs and NH90s) under one
Central Command structure across two airbases and save
costs. Only the NH-90 fleet of 860 Squadron is based at Naval
Air Station De Kooy in the Northern part of The Netherlands.
The other three units reside at Gilze-Rijen Air Base.
HISTORY OF THE 298 SQUADRON
The squadron has its heritage dating back to April the 16th,
1945 when the squadron was operating at Gilze-Rijen Air
Base as «No. 6 Dutch Auster Squadron» with six Auster’s. Soon
after the end of World War 2 the Squadron was transferred to
the Dutch West Indies. On March the 1th, 1950, 298 AOP (Air
Observation Post) was established. Over the years, ‘298’ has
flown various types of aircraft and helicopters. The Auster’s
were replaced by L-18C «Piper Cubs» and L-21B ‘Super Cubs’
to support the role of artillery spotters. The first Helicopter
arrived in 1955 (H-23B «Raven»). The Alouette II followed
in 1959 for ‘Search and Rescue’ (SAR) missions. These
were replaced by Alouette IIIs from 1964 onwards. Twelve
Bo-105C «Bolköw» helicopters were also part of the 298
Squadron from 1975 to 1979.
THE NEW CH-47 MY II CAAS
CHINOOK
In the period 2010-2015, The Netherlands prepared for
the replacement of the ageing 11 D-models as well as the
expansion of the Chinook fleet with three helicopters. After
extensive deliberations, the standard US Army MYII CAAS
configuration was considered to be the most efficient choice
for a successor. The Netherlands was able to utilize options
in the existing MYII production contract between US Army
and Boeing. For that, the Letter of Offer and Acceptance
(LOA) with the US Army for fourteen new CH-47F MYII
CAAS Chinooks was signed on November the 12th, 2015.
On April the 14th, 2016 the US Department of Defense
awarded Boeing a contract to build 12 CH-47Fs followed by
an additional order on April the 28th, 2017 for the remaining
two new CH-47F’s.
HI I 45
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I MILITARY I
In order to prevent a “mixed fleet” of CAAS and ACMS Chinooks,
which would have been costly during the sustainment
of the fleet, it was then decided to renew and modernize
the six ACMS F-models. On December the 14th, 2017 The
Netherlands and Boeing signed the Direct Commercial Sales
contract for the Renew Program, converting the six ACMS
F-models into the exact same configuration as the 14 new
Chinooks.
Operating the standard MYII CAAS Chinook will allow
for further optimization of operations, training and
maintenance. «We have had a lot of contact with the US Army
and the Australian MOD being existing operators, to understand
potential challenges we might encounter when fielding the
new Chinooks. When we deliver them to the RNLAF (Royal
Netherlands Air Force), we want to make sure that there are no
obstacles and that they will be able to operate and sustain the
helicopters during the first three years. This period will allow
the RNLAF to become self-supporting when it comes to inservice
support» according to Colonel Koen van Gogh, Senior
Project Manager Defense Material Organization (DMO)
who is responsible for the Replacement and Modernization
programme Chinook.
«At around 2500 parts of the legacy CH-47Fs will be reused.
These parts will be overhauled (zero hours status) before
being installed on brand-new MYII CAAS airframes. This option
turned out to be more efficient and affordable than modifying
the legacy CH-47F fleet. The first idea was to just replace the
ACMS cockpit of the legacy Fs by a MYII CAAS Cockpit. We
concluded the risk was too big in terms of certification and
costs» according to Colonel van Gogh. «The legacy CH-47Fs
are now sent to ‘Summit Aviation’ who are tasked by Boeing
under the Renew contract to remove the usable parts from the
helicopters and have them delivered into the overhaul process.»
Summit Aviation is an Industry Leader in Aircraft
Maintenance, Repair, Avionics upgrades, Mission System
Integration, Modifications and Aircraft sales.
The new CH-47F MY II CAAS Chinook comes with the
short nose, which differs from the current «F» version in
appearance. This meant there is no room for our current
Weather Radar. Also, the FLIR system under the nose will
not be implemented. Another striking difference is the
Woodland Desert Sage Color Scheme, instead of the current
grey scheme.
«Although the main goal was to stay common with the US
Army, Dutch operating intent and national legislation led to the
addition of some unique modifications. Fortunately, there is no
need to integrate these into CAAS, so commonality will not be
affected.» The additional Dutch requirements such include
Crashworthy Crew Seats with ballistic protection, leading
to modified MFCUs (MultiFunctional Control Units), a LH
Removable escape Hatch, a Hook Load Measuring System,
an Ice Detection System, a Pitot Heater Failure Indicator,
FRIES (Fast Rope Ingress and Egress System), including
external hardpoints, and a minor change to the electrical
system, all which can be implemented during the production.
A Fall Protection System to protect maintainers, and an
Emergency Locator Transmitter are implemented by «SES-I»
(Science and Engineering Services) in Huntsville, Alabama
as ‘Post Production Modifications’. «We choose for ‘SES-I’
because they did similar work for the US Army and to make
sure we do not interfere with the work performed on the Boeing
production line» explains Colonel van Gogh.
On March the 20th 2020, the first Royal Netherlands Air Force
CH-47Fs have made their maiden flight during acceptance at
Boeing Philadelphia (registration D-472 and D-473).
HI I 46
These two helicopters left Boeing Ridley Park to be ferried to
Huntsville in Alabama on the 5th of May 2020 for validation
and verification by the US Army and the Post Production
Modifications by «SES-I». «These two helicopters are planned
to be the first CH-47s to be send to The Netherlands by
December 2020. After arrival in the Port of Antwerp, Belgium,
the helicopters will be transported to Woensdrecht Air Base in
The Netherlands where they will be prepared to be transferred to
298 Squadron with an expected arrival at Gilze-Rijen around mid-
January 2021» according to Colonel van Gogh. These two CH-
47Fs will have all our additional requirements implemented
and will have the Digital Automated Flight Control System
(DAFCS) 3.5 software and CAAS 9.4 installed. The Colonel
continues «In order to support a tight conversion schedule
of our flight crew to the MYII CAAS Chinook, we decided that
the next six CH-47Fs coming from the production line will not
undergo the Post Modification until a later date. These six
Chinooks will go to Fort Hood, TX (USA) directly to be used for
conversion training. The next batch of CH-47Fs will be delivered
after the Post Modification. The earlier unmodified CH-47s will
then be rotating through ‘SES-I’ to complete the process of
modification as well. During January-February 2021 we have
planned the arrival of another two CH-47s to the Netherlands,
these will be airframes built with retrofitted parts of the legacy
CH-47Fs». Concludes the Colonel.
To support the transition and difference training, a
Transportable Flight Proficiency Simulator (TFPS) has
been procured from NAVAIR (Naval Air Systems) Manned
Flight Simulator Enterprise Team which is stationed at NAS
Patuxent River (US). «The procurement of a TFPS, stationed
at Gilze-Rijen, will be more efficient for the Squadron as there
will no longer be a need to train in the simulator at the Royal
Air Force at RAF Benson Air Base» continues Koen van Gogh.
«The TFPS has already arrived at Gilze-Rijen Air Base and we
are awaiting a team from NAVAIR to do the final acceptance
testing of the Simulator. The TFPS will need to be ready before
the first group Instructor Pilots is scheduled to receive their
Conversion Training at Fort Hood, since the TFPS will be used
for the crew’s Ground School/ Academics training at Gilze-Rijen
Air Base before they head to Ft. Hood for the flight training.
Each Aviator will undergo a three-week training on the Simulator
before attending a three-week course with 302 Squadron in the
US and participating in an American Falcon exercise, held four
times a year. Upon return to the Netherlands the Aviators will be
Fully Qualified Pilots on the MYII CAAS Chinook».
Lt Colonel van den Berg adds «We had planned to send a socalled
Class 0 to Fort Hood in the US during the June-July 2020
period for the Instructor Course on the MY II CAAS variant. As
we have five flights with five crews, we have fifty pilots and fifty
loadmasters to train, resulting in five training classes at Fort
Hood. This Transition Training is planned to be executed over
an eighteen-month period. We will have a team from the US
Army to support the Conversion, a so-called NETT Team (New
Equipment Training Team)”, both locally at Gilze-Rijen as in Ft.
Hood. Expectation is to achieve Full Operational Capable status
by mid-2022 with the Initial Operational Capability (IOC) by
October 2021».
HI I 47
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I MILITARY I
MISSIONS OF THE PAST
«Nihil Nobis Nimium» or «Nothing is too much» is the motto
of the 298 Squadron. The Squadron has been involved
in many missions and oversea deployments since it has
been operating with the CH-47D/F. Kosovo (KFOR, 1999),
Allied Harbor in Albania and a year later for UNMEE (United
Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea). From January 2001
till May 2004, the Royal Netherlands Air Force detachments
contributed to NATO’s Stabilization Force (SFOR) in Bosnia.
From July 2003 to November 2005 they served in Iraq. The
detachment provided transport for the Stabilization Force in
Iraq (SFIR) for the Dutch military personnel from the Security
Forces. From May 2005 to June 2006, three Chinooks were
deployed for the Dutch Special Forces deployment for
Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). Two Chinooks were
lost due to accidents in 2005 during these operations. As
of 2007 to October 2010, 298 Squadron was regularly active
from Kandahar Airfield in Afghanistan in support of NATO
Operation ISAF (International Security Assistance Force).
And lastly from April 2014 to April 2017, three Chinooks
participated in the «Minusma» Mission. This UN Mission was
designed to restore Peace and Stability in Mali.
TRAINING IN THE US
«The initial training for new crews is conducted at Fort Rucker
Air Base (US) as part of the Chinook Aircraft Qualification
Course. After completing the course new crews are continuing
their training with the Squadron at Gilze-Rijen Air Base». 2 nd LT
‘Frank’ explains. «We were planned to travel to Fort Hood to
have a ten-week training period with 302 Squadron as part of
the Mission Qualification Training (MQT)». This squadron
provides Joint Air Assault Training for Helicopter Crews of
the Defense Helicopter Command (DHC) and ground units of
11 Airmobile Brigade, this will take place during four times
a year with the ‘American Falcon’ exercise to conclude the
training. In addition, Pilots and Load-Masters follow the Initial
Mission Qualification Training twice a year. The squadron is
staffed with personnel from the Royal Netherlands Air Force,
Army, and the US Army. Frank continues «our group consists
of a mixture of a CH-47 loadmaster, Pilot, but also AH-64 pilots.
Just before we would travel it became clear that we would not
go to the US. Due to the Covid-19 situation the original schedule
will require revision as currently 302 Squadron stood down
with no training activities. We are now being trained within
the Squadron here in The Netherlands. This means we all have
to be flexible to cater for the further Education as Training is
conducted alongside daily operations». Captain Booze details
further «The Defense Helicopter Command is a more complex
organization to cater for this ad-hoc additional training. Luckily,
we managed to be flexible and had a fast resolution in place.
The focus for training is now on Tactical Exercises, Navigational
Skills and Planning of Flights. In order to provide best possible
training, we need to have Instructor Pilots and Ground Forces
to act as Enemy Forces. As we cannot fully focus on the MQT
training the duration will be longer than the 10-week period at
Fort Hood”.
HI I 48
FIREFIGHTING
The Netherlands have been confronted with the largest wild
fires in 40 years in the Southern part of the Netherlands,
Deurnsche Peel and Herkenbosch, during the third week
of April 2020. Starting off with one supporting Chinook it
resulted in a combined FBO (Fire Bucket Operations) effort
of four Chinooks, an AS 532 Cougar, Mobile Air Operations
Teams (MAOT) and the Local Fire Brigades. ‘In case we are
asked to support Firefighting Operations the Tasking Order
is provided by NASOC (National Air and Space Operations
Center) to the Staff of DHC’ adds Niels. «The week before the
fires started, we already had been asked to have one helicopter
on standby”. Christiaan Velthausz, on-scene Commander and
part of the Fire Department: “Under normal circumstances,
the Ministry of Defense generally supplies Helicopter Capacity
within 24 hours of the request. Although in practice this is a lot
faster, usually about 3 to 4 hours. In the event of an increased
risk of wildfires, FBO and therefore the Helicopters can be put
at 2 hours’ notice to move». «During the Firefighting we had
on average five to ten MAOT (Mobile Air Operations Team)
personnel to support the FBO operations». The main lessons
learned have been to work on a large-scale bases for a long
period in a complex setting’ according to Sergeant-Major
Rob van Mierlo, Commander MAOT. From the 1st of April
2020 onwards MAOT has a team on standby continuously,
ready to set off within 2 hours.
«In the event of very large or difficult-to-combat fires, the
(Civil) Heli-Team Fire Team with Helicopters and the Mobile
Air Operations Team (MAOT) of DHC form the so-called «Fire
Bucket Operations (FBO) Team». This team works together
with the Local Fire Brigade on site. “About 10 years ago, the
Defense Organization requested a single Point of Contact for
extinguishing operations; that became the Heli-Team Fire
Brigade», according to Christiaan Velthausz, the on-scene
Commander.
«We have a total of 10 Bambi Buckets which can hold in theory
10,000L of water. “During FBO operations we only drop 8,000L
each time as with full capacity to prevent engine over torque as
we demand all power available with full fuel load so it is safer to
carry less without a risk having to return due to potential over
torque”. adds Captain Boezen. One of the loadmasters, who
was involved in the firefighting is ‘Jimmy’ explains “We had an
observer of the Fire Department joining our flights who had a
map showing coordinates where to drop the water. My task was
to inform the Pilots on the coordinates where to drop water.
After each drop, we received direct feedback by Local Observers
on the ground if our drop was successful. This worked out
perfectly». Over a 5-day period more then 3,2MIO Liters of
water was dropped during 540 individual drops.
MORE ABOUT CH-47D CHINOOK
HI I 49
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I NEW TECHNOLOGIES I
NEXT SUMMER, THE MARS 2020 PROBE IS SET TO LEAVE FOR THE RED PLANET FOR A NEW
ROUND OF EXPLORATION. ON BOARD WILL BE A ROVER AND... A HELICOPTER! AFTER HAVING
TESTED MANY VEHICLES ON THE MOON AND ON MARS, THIS IS THE POINT WHERE MANKIND
WILL SEND THEIR FIRST FLYING MACHINE TO ANOTHER PLANET.
BY FRÉDÉRIC LERT
©NASA
HI I 50
HI I 51
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I NEW TECHNOLOGIES I
T
he Mars Helicopter Scout, named Ingenuity, is
scheduled to take off from Earth on July 17 aboard
the Mars 2020 probe. If the launch were to be postponed,
the launch window would move to February 18, 2021. The
one-way trip to Jezero Crater on Mars will take about six
months. The objective of the Mars 2020 mission, with a
total cost of about $2.5 billion, is to determine how Mars’
natural resources could be exploited to prepare for future
human settlement. The main tool on board the probe will be
a six-wheeled land vehicle, a rover, called Perseverance. The
American rovers Sojourner, Spirit and Curiosity have already
been seen on Mars. With Perseverance, NASA is changing
scale, this time sending a spacecraft the size of a small
car and a mass of one ton. Another novelty, therefore, is
the presence of a helicopter that will arrive on Mars in the
luggage of this rover.
EXTRATERRESTRIAL AND
EXTRAORDINARY CONSTRAINTS
Ingenuity is a miniature helicopter, weighing only 1.8 kg,
which will be called upon to play a scouting role. It will be
used to find the best possible route to avoid dangers and
to find points of interest for Perseverance, which could then
fly over larger areas during its lifetime. The images provided
by Ingenuity will have about ten times the resolution of
those of the orbiting Martian probes. Ingenuity will also help
determine whether or not the use of flying machines for
extraterrestrial exploration is a good idea.
The first studies for sending a helicopter to Mars began in
2015. In view of the positive results obtained, the formal
decision was announced May 11th, 2018 to entrust the
project to a mixed team of varying skillsets from the
Aerovironment Company, Nasa’s Ames Research Center, and
Langley Research Center.
The first of the constraints that were faced by the designers
of the aircraft were that of flight automation: there is no
question of flying the aircraft in real-time at a distance of
more than 50 million kilometers. Ingenuity, which deserves
its name, will therefore have to fend for itself once the flight
order has been given: take off, flight, orientation, image
recording, and landing, in order to recharge the batteries and
wait for the next flight. After all, many drones perform this on
Earth, although the constraints of the Martian atmosphere
are far more complex.
HI I 52
A HELICOPTER AT LEVEL 900!
Composed of carbon dioxide, Mars is incredibly tenuous,
with an average pressure of 6 millibars, or 1/170th of the
Earth’s atmosphere. At about ten meters from the Martian
ground, which is the maximum flight altitude that Ingenuity
will attain, as it is equal to the density of the Martian
atmosphere and that found at... 30 kilometers from the
Earth’s surface. Flying a helicopter in these conditions
was not easy. In short, it was first necessary to model the
dynamics of flight in these particular conditions, before
designing a very light helicopter with a large rotor diameter
to obtain the desired lift. However, the helicopter will be
able to rely on the help provided by gravity, which is about
three times weaker than on Earth, since Mars’ mass is onetenth
that of Earth. In May 2016, a first 850g demonstrator
was tested in an environmental chamber just under 8m in
diameter, reproducing the near vacuum on Mars. The chosen
formula used a contra-rotating rotor, eliminating the need for
an anti-torque rotor while providing a very compact design.
The results obtained were positive, and allowed the
development of the final version of the device, by the use
of the counter-rotating rotor formula with an electric motor.
Ingenuity therefore weighs 1.8 kg and has two rigid
counter-rotating rotors with a diameter of 1.21m rotating
at a maximum speed of 2800 rpm. Its power comes from
an electric motor coupled to a set of six lithium-ion microbatteries
recharged by a solar panel. Its payload includes
a high-resolution colour camera for navigation, another for
studying the terrain, and a communication system enabling
it to relay the images obtained to the Perseverance rover.
Despite its minimalist weight, the Martian helicopter was
designed to withstand the rocket’s high level of vibration and
acceleration during launch. Its’ electronics, which include
gyroscopes, motion and orientation sensors, accelerometers
and an altimeter, are also protected against solar radiation
and the intense cold that reigns on the planet (-63°C on
average). In regards to its’ navigation, the aircraft uses an
inertial navigation system that can be readjusted using a
star sight that is pointed at the sun.
HI I 53
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I NEW TECHNOLOGIES I
MODESTY AND AMBITION
Once configured, Ingenuity will have to make several flights
of two to three minutes each, rising a few meters from
the Martian surface. The aircraft could then travel several
hundred meters each time. NASA’s ambition is to carry out
five flights over a total period of 30 days.
These figures are as modest as they are ambitious: Ingenuity
will venture into « terra incognita » and could pave the way, if
successful, for more efficient air vehicles. After all, many of
the planets being explored by probes have atmospheres that
could be used by flying machines. NASA is already talking
about future plans for a multi-kilogram aircraft capable of
communicating directly with a space probe, in order to move
it and transmit its observations. Complete and increase the
Earth’s displacement capacities to increase speed, autonomy
and observation capacity are undoubtedly some of the
logical evolutions in the conquest of space. Today, Ingenuity
is only scratching the surface of the capabilities that will be
brought by a new breed of extraterrestrial helicopters. It’s a
great adventure that’s just beginning!
MORE ABOUT NASA
HI I 54
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HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I MILITARY I
HI I 56
THE FRENCH NAVY IS MODERNISING AND GIVING NEW CAPACITIES TO ITS PUBLIC SERVICE
DOLPHINS (SP) WHICH CAN NOW BE EMBARKED AT SEA. A GAIN IN CAPACITY THAT ALSO
REPRESENTS FOR THE NAVY AN IMPORTANT STEP IN THE WORK OF HOMOGENISING ITS
HELICOPTER FLEET.
BY FRÉDÉRIC LERT
©MARINE NATIONALE
HI I 57
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I MILITARY I
IN
this month of May 2020, the French Navy has a very
diverse helicopter fleet, combining Alouette 3, Lynx,
different types of Dolphin, Panther and Caiman. However,
Lynx will be retired from service this summer and by 2022
it will also be the turn of the latest SA319 Alouette. By that
time, the French Navy will have a slightly less heterogeneous
fleet of Dolphin, Panther and Caiman. The next step will
come around 2035, when the Cheetahs (H160M) will have
totally replaced the different fleets of Dauphin and Panther.
An important milestone was thus reached last month
with the first boarding on a Stealth Light Frigates (FLF) of
a Public Service Dolphin N (SP Dolphin SP). The Navy has
six such aircraft that were previously based solely on land.
The Dauphin SPs have been in service since the early 1990s
as part of the 35F fleet based in Hyères. These aircraft had
then been acquired on the civilian market by the Navy to
carry out rescue missions at sea, being based in several
coastal towns: Le Touquet, La Rochelle, Cherbourg, Lanvéoc
and Hyères have welcomed over the years these Dolphins,
which have become in the meantime “Public Service and
Intervention”.
HI I 58
IN 2020, ONLY LE TOUQUET AND
LA ROCHELLE ARE STILL ARMED
The reduction in the number of land-based units has
therefore enabled us to envisage other missions for these
aircraft, explains Commander (CF) S. «We are now able to use
the Dauphins for other missions. To anticipate the withdrawal
of Lynx and Alouette aircraft from service and limit the risk
of capability failure before the arrival of the first Cheetahs,
the decision was taken to navalize these public service and
intervention dolphins. Embedded on the naval action force
ships, the aircraft will be able to carry out sea support, sea
rescue and fleet lighting missions, as well as minimum surface
situation awareness».
The navalization of the aircraft began with administrative
work between Airbus Helicopters and the DGA to technically
demonstrate that the aircraft, originally of civilian
manufacture, could meet the demands of the landing. The
technical file written by the helicopter manufacturer allowed
the DGA to approve this navalization of the Dauphin on a
case-by-case basis. However, a modification yard was
carried out by Heli Union to adapt the Dauphin to its new
role, including in particular the modification of the rotor
head to enable the blades to be folded manually and the
installation of gripping rings. Independently of navalization
issues, the Dauphin has also been equipped with a «low light»
instrument panel allowing JVN flight and a GNSS capability
allowing breakthroughs and IFR flight with satellite means,
in accordance with civil regulations.
It was not necessary to equip the aircraft with a landing
harpoon, notes the CF S. «It was not necessary to equip
the aircraft with a landing harpoon. The shipyard would have
been too heavy and out of proportion with our real needs: our
Dolphins will mainly operate on vessels without a landing grid,
and in any case in sea states that do not justify this accessory».
The modification of the devices was accompanied by a
CEPA homologation work (verification of the implementation
equipment on the vessels, validation of the field of use…)
and by the constitution of the technical autonomy batches
for boarding. From 20 to 25 April, the Pre-deployment
Operational Refit (RANO) of the frigate La Fayette was the
occasion for the first embarkation off Toulon with a Dauphin
and its standard detachment of 9 people (two pilots, a cargo
chief and six technicians).
This embarkation is an important step in the perpetuation of
our know-how in terms of embarkation at sea, emphasizes
the CF S. «We are very pleased to be able to offer this service
to the French Navy. The use of a helicopter on a ship involves
a complete chain of skills, from piloting and maintenance to
the operation of the ship, which is important to maintain. The
SPI Dolphins will take part in this effort alongside the other
helicopters while awaiting the arrival of the first Cheetahs».
HI I 59
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I MILITARY I
THE WORLD OF THE DOLPHIN
This embarkation is an important step in the perpetuation of
our know-how in terms of embarkation at sea, emphasizes
the CF S. «We are very pleased to be able to offer this service
to the French Navy. The use of a helicopter on a ship involves
a complete chain of skills, from piloting and maintenance to
the operation of the ship, which is important to maintain. The
SPI Dolphins will take part in this effort alongside the other
helicopters while awaiting the arrival of the first Cheetahs».
There are about 40 different species of dolphins, all of which
are marine mammals. For the French Navy, the number of
different models is limited to six, with as many complex
micro-fleets to manage. Here are the details :
• 6 Dolphin N public service and intervention (fleet 35F)
• 3 “Pedro” dolphin used for flight safety on the aircraft
carrier Charles de Gaulle. (flotilla 35F)
• 4 Rented N3 dolphin used for training missions
(implemented within 22S squadron)
• 2 Dolphin N3+ (detachment of the 35F flotilla in Tahiti)
• 12 N3 dolphins are expected to be rented from December
2020 by a consortium of Heli Union and DCI. These aircraft
will constitute an interim fleet to wait for the entry into
service of the Cheetah.
• Finally, let us mention a close cousin, the Panther, of which
16 examples are in service in the 36F flotilla.
MORE ABOUT FRENCH NAVY
HI I 60
... Ultimate Jet TV,
Same same but different
A perfect blend between short and long stories: we will bring
on-the-ground reports, expert analysis and original
perspective in a snackable format, social media ready.
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I INTERVIEW I
BY FRANÇOIS BLANC
©RUSSIAN HELICOPTERS
HI I 62
HI I 63
HELICOPTER INDUSTRY I INTERVIEW I
T
he Russian Helicopters holding, partner
of around 100 countries all over the world
operating civilian and military Russian manufactured
helicopters, saw its industrial activity maintained throughout
the health crisis. Mr. Andrey Boginsky, Russian Helicopters
CEO, answers a few question from Helicopter Industry.
Are the Russian Helicopters industrial/production and selling
activities affected by the governmental measures? If so, how
far and on which particular points?
Taking into account our obligations within the state defense
order and military and technical cooperation we did not stop
the manufacturing process. Starting from mid-April, up to
70% of our staff were involved, depending on the instructions
of local authorities and epidemiological situation in a
region, and by now, we have returned to a regular working
schedule. At the same time, working conditions meet all the
requirements of the Ministry of Health and other regulatory
authorities. We provided all employees with personal
protective equipment, their condition is regularly monitored,
and workplaces undergo regular disinfection, as maintaining
health of our staff is one of the top priorities
for Russian Helicopters at this difficult time.
Moreover, we aim to maintain a high level of
business activity, retaining contact with our civilian
partners, and that it proved to be successful: during the
pandemic, several Mi-8 and Ansat helicopters have already
been handed over to customers.
How many civilian and military Russian Helicopters
customers/operators worldwide are potentially affected by
the crisis? Through what missions are Russian Helicopters
rotary wing aircrafts most involved during this health crisis?
All countries have been affected by the pandemic to a
greater or lesser degree, including over 100 countries that
use Russian-made helicopters. Due to restrictions, the
total volume of operations has certainly been reduced.
However, some specialized helicopters, such as those for
EMS missions, are much sought-after now: we see that in
Russia and in other countries which are actively developing
air medical services.
HI I 64
Was Russian Helicopters approached by those operators to
answer their questions, especially in terms of special cockpit
and cabin design? Did Russian Helicopters design new
equipment and develop original procedures the benefit of its
customers?
Our Ansat and Mi-8 helicopters are widely used during
the pandemic in many countries that fight COVID-19.
For instance, Mi-171 helicopters were used in Wuhan for
delivery of supplies and medicine, and Indian Air Force Mi-
17V-5 performed same missions in Himalayas. Our Mi-8 and
Ansat in EMS configuration are equipped with ventilators
that allow transporting patients with COVID-19, which
they do all over Russia, especially in central and southern
regions of the country that faced a difficult epidemiological
situation. Still, we understand that coronavirus pandemic
certainly lays down new requirements for medical helicopter
equipment, and the holding company is working in that
field. For instance, the Russian Federal Air Transport
Agency approved the installation of an isolation module
for patients with infectious diseases in Ansat helicopter,
which is currently one of the main helicopters used for air
medical services in Russia: about 30 such helicopters have
been supplied, and they are being operated in more than 10
regions of Russia. This unit will not require redesign of the
cabin, therefore, all previously supplied Ansat helicopters
in the medical version can be equipped with it. The module
will significantly improve efficiency of EMS-missions, which
now require additional crew protection and disinfection
measures.
Do Russian Helicopters approved maintenance centers
worldwide operate normally during this period? Do they
operate at a normal activity level, or at an increased or
decreased activity level?
The service centers of Russian Helicopters are functioning in
accordance with regulations of local authorities and following
all instructions and restrictions. The epidemiological
situation varies depending on a region. Therefore, in some
places a rotating work schedule is possible, while in other
countries all work has been suspended.
HI I 65
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HI I 66
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HI I 67
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