ultrasound diagnosis of fatal anomalies

Index
Note: Named regions, organs and vessels are fetal unless stated otherwise. “Differential diagnosis” is indicated by “d.d.”.
Page numbers in italics refer to figures and tables. Page numbers in bold type refer to major references.
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2
3
4
5
A
Aarskog syndrome 124, 266, 328–9
Aase syndrome 166, 277, 328–9
abdomen 2, 13, 21, 106–22, 150, 172
circumference 2, 8, 351
screening 6, 8, 15, 16, 17
abdominoschisis 240
achondrogenesis 147–8, 228, 328–9
Apert syndrome d.d. 237
Fryns syndrome d.d. 246
Noonan syndrome d.d. 266
parvovirus B19 d.d. 291
Turner syndrome d.d. 211
achondroplasia 148–9, 225, 328–9
acranius 308, 309
acrocephalic syndactyly syndrome see Apert
syndrome
acrofacial dysostosis see Nager syndrome
adactyly 165
Adams–Oliver syndrome 165
adrenal gland hematoma 138
adrenal hyperplasia, congenital 125, 129
adrenocortical cancers 239
adrenogenital syndrome 124, 328–9
agyria 258, 282
alcohol 163, 270, 320–1
anal atresia 106
cardiac anomalies 93, 103
corpus callosum agenesis 29
esophageal atresia 72
facial clefts 59
holoprosencephaly 39
hygroma colli 63
microcephaly 48
alpha fetoprotein 51, 112, 243, 308
aminopterin 59
amitriptyline 270
amniocentesis 110, 178
amniotic band sequence 59, 149–50, 245, 263,
328–9
anencephaly association 24, 150
ectopia cordis d.d. 91
amniotic fluid 8
index 298, 301, 359
amniotic sac 19
amphetamines 101
anal atresia 106–7, 110, 120, 133, 246, 279
anasarca 74,212,213,262
anemia 291, 311, 312
see also Fanconi anemia
anencephaly 24, 25–6, 27, 150, 318
iniencephaly association 46
Meckel–Gruber syndrome 255
multicystic renal dysplasia association 133
TRAP sequence 309
angio-osteohypertrophic syndrome 251
anhydramnios
Meckel–Gruber syndrome 255
multicystic renal dysplasia 133
renal agenesis 135
TRAP sequence 309
twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome 311
urethral valve sequence 146
aniridia, congenital 47
anophthalmia 188
antenatal care 2, 81
anticonvulsive drugs 319
aorta 94, 360
coarctation 81–2
screening 7, 9, 12,13,14,16
aortic arch 5, 9, 13, 14
aortic isthmus stenosis 211
aortic valve 9, 81
Apert syndrome 236–7, 238, 243, 244, 246,
328–9
corpus callosum agenesis association 30
hydrocephalus internus 43
hydrolethalus d.d. 250
MURCS association d.d. 263
Noonan syndrome d.d. 237, 266
nuchal translucency 228, 236
Turner syndrome d.d. 211
ventriculomegaly 225
aqueduct stenosis 27–8, 43
arachnoid cysts 28, 29, 57
arm anomalies 151, 174, 249, 272
Arnold–Chiari malformation 51, 54, 180, 240,
255
arrhinencephaly and proboscis 40
arteriovenous malformations 57–8, 141, 251
arthrogryposis 30, 34, 59, 220, 225
cataract d.d. 47
diastrophic dysplasia d.d. 155
Freeman–Sheldon syndrome d.d. 151, 245
Larsen syndrome d.d. 253
multiple pterygium syndrome d.d. 151, 154,
263
multiplex congenita 150–1, 152–3, 154,
328–9
Neu–Laxova syndrome d.d. 265
Pena–Shokeir syndrome d.d. 154, 269
trisomy 8 d.d. 185
ascites 107–8
achondrogenesis 147
chorioangioma 297
fetal hydrops 286
intestinal atresia and stenosis association
110
meconium peritonitis 116, 117
parvovirus B19 291
primary fetal hydrothorax 74, 75
syphilis 289
trisomy 9 186
trisomy 21 209, 221
Turner syndrome 213
twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome 303, 311
varicella 290
asphyxiating thorax dysplasia 328–9
atelosteogenesis 330–1
atrial fibrillation 100
atrial isomerism 86
atrial septal defects 72, 102
atrioventricular block87
atrioventricular canal 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 276
trisomy 13 191
trisomy 18 196, 197, 202
trisomy 21 205, 207
atrioventricular septal defect 80, 82, 83, 84,
85–6
atrioventricular valves 8–9, 12, 82
atrium, left 14
B
B-mode sonography 9
Baller–Gerold syndrome 166, 330–1
banana sign 43, 51, 54
Basedow disease, maternal 66
Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome 150, 223,
239, 330–1
macrosomia 239, 315, 318
omphalocele 118, 120, 239
benzodiazepines 130
biparietal diameter 8, 219, 220, 351, 352, 358
birth weight 316
bladder 2, 8, 16, 141
exstrophy 120, 123,130
body contours 2
body development, asymmetrical 272
body stalkanomaly 240–1
see also limb–body stalkanomaly
Botallo's duct see ductus arteriosus
bowel 77, 116, 139, 318
echogenic 209, 221–2, 283,293
Brachmann–de Lange syndrome see Cornelia
de Lange syndrome
brachycephaly 219–20, 243
brachytelephalangia 246
bradycardia 86–7
brain
hamartoma 278
see also named regions
C
caffeine 93
camptomelic dysplasia 124, 125, 157, 225,
330–1
diastrophic dysplasia d.d. 155
hydrolethalus d.d. 250
Shprintzen syndrome d.d. 273
Cantrell pentalogy 24, 91, 92, 150, 330–1
carbamazepine 59, 319
cardiac anomalies 36, 39, 80–105
anticonvulsive drugs 319
Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome 239
caudal regression syndrome 250
CHARGE association 241, 242
cocaine 321
Cornelia de Lange syndrome 243
diabetes mellitus 318
diaphragmatic hernia 76
ectopia cordis association 91
362