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292 SMITHSONIAN ANNALS OF FLIGHT FIGURE 9.—The Aviavnito rocket. those early years. 7 That was accomplished and the proof was convincing because it was done at a high scientific and technical level and in a surprisingly short time. NOTES Under the title Iz istorii sozdaniya pervykh sovetskikh raket na zhidkom toplive, this article appeared on pages 154— 61 of Iz istorii astronavtiki i raketnoi tekhniki: Materialy XVIII mezhdunarodnogo astronavticheskogo kongressa, Belgrad, 25-29 Sentyavrya 1967 [From the History of Rockets and Astronautics: Materials of the 18th International Astronautical Congress, Belgrade, 25-29 September 1967], Moscow: Nauka, 1970. On 4 March 1974 Mikhail K. Tikhonravov died in Moscow. His obituary was carried in The Washington Post, 7 March 1974.—Ed. 1. Additional information on the formation of the Society for Studying Interplanetary Travel is presented on p. 377 of The Soviet Encyclopedia of Space Flight (translated from the Russian), G. V. Petrovich, ed., (Moscow: MIR Publishers, 1969); a reproduction of an OIMS meeting poster announcing a public debate of 4 October 1924 in Moscow regarding a reported launching of a moon rocket by Dr. Robert H. Goddard on the previous 4 August and an account of F. A. Tsander's participation in this delate appears on pp. 19-21 of F. A. Tsander's Problema poleta pri pomoshchi reaktivnykh apparatov: Mezhplanetnyye polety [Problems of Flight by Jet Propulsion: Interplanetary Flights], L. K. Korneyev, ed., 2nd ed., enlarged (Moscow: Gos. Nauchno-Tekhn. lzd. Oborongiz, 1961); translated from the Russian and published for the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C., by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations, ed. Y. M. Timnat, NASA TT F-147, (Jerusalem, 1964).—Ed. 2. "Soviet Engineers Constructing Two Rockets," Bulletin of the American Interplanetary Society, no. 15 (January 1932), p. 1.—Ed. 3. An 09 rocket on display is shown in Yu. A. Pobedonostsev, "Behind the Luniks," Astronautics, January 1960, p. 31; additional data on the 09 Project appears on pp. 126, 166, and 461 of The Soviet Encyclopedia of Space Flight (see note 1)—Ed. 4. A sectioned 12-K engine is shown in Pobedonostsev, "Behind the Luniks," p. 33.—Ed. 5. "Rocket Enters the Air," Pravda, no. 99 (6705), 9 April 1936. 6. An Aviavnito rocket on display is shown in Pobedonostsev, "Behind the Luniks," p. 32.—Ed. 7. M. K. Tikhonravov and Yu. V. Biryukov, "Expression of Ideas of K. E. Tsiolkovskiy in the Work of GIRD," Proceedings of the First Symposium Dedicated to the Development of the Scientific Principles and to the Development of the Ideas of K. E. Tsiolkovskiy, Moscow, 1967, pp. 5-15. Available in English translation as NASA TI F-0544, Transactions of the First Lectures Dedicated to the Development of the Scientific Heritage of K. E. Tsiolkovskiy, A. A. Blagonravov et al., ed. (Washington: NASA, April 1970), 117 p.—Ed.
NUMBER 10 REFERENCES The following references appeared at the end of paper (p. 161) in the Russian publication cited above: this 1. Test data from tests of the Rocket 09 assembly and an account of the launch on 17 August 1933 of Rocket 09. Archiv AN SSSR (Archives of the USSR Academy of Sciences), razr. 4, op. 14; d. 50. 293 2. Test data from the testing of separate components for Rocket 07 (1933). Archiv AN SSSR, razr. 4, op. 14, d. 51. 3. Rocket Aviavnito, calculations and photographs (1935- 1936). Archiv AN SSSR, razr. 4, op. 14, d. 57. 4. The work plan of "GIRD" for 1933-34 for all teams (1933-1934). Archiv AN SSSR, razr. 4, op. 14, d. 1. 5. Launching test of Rocket 05 and the test firing of the motor 0-10 (1934). Archiv AN SSSR, razr. 4, op. 14, d. 3. 6. Pravda, no. 99 (6705), 9 April 1936.
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