The Delft Sand, Clay & Rock Cutting Model, 2019a

Saturated Sand Cutting.
old laboratory DE. In the center blade the 4 pore pressure transducers can be identified (the white circles) with
which the pore pressures are measured.
Figure 6-47 shows the signal processing unit on the carriage, including pre-amplifiers and filters. The preamplifiers
are used to reduce the noise on the signals that would occur transporting the signals over long distance
to the measurement cabin.
Figure 6-46 shows the device used to measure the cone resistance of the sand before every experiment. The cone
resistance can be related to the porosity of the sand, where the porosity relates to both the internal and external
friction angle and to the permeability.
Figure 6-48 shows the measurement cabin with a PC for data processing and also showing the video screen and
the tape recorder to store the video images of all the experiments.
Figure 6-45 shows a side view of the center blades. These blades could also be equipped with a wear flat to measure
the influence of worn blades.
Figure 6-42: The blades are mounted in a frame with force and torque transducers.
Figure 6-43: The center blade and the side blades, with the pore pressure transducers in the center blade.
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