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Rivista bimestrale - anno XXV - Numero 3/<strong>2021</strong> - Sped. in abb. postale 70% - Filiale di Roma<br />
LAND CARTOGRAPHY<br />
GIS<br />
CADASTRE<br />
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION<br />
PHOTOGRAMMETRY<br />
3D<br />
SURVEY TOPOGRAPHY<br />
CAD<br />
BIM<br />
EARTH OBSERVATION SPACE<br />
WEBGIS<br />
UAV<br />
URBAN PLANNING<br />
CONSTRUCTION<br />
LBS<br />
SMART CITY<br />
GNSS<br />
ENVIRONMENT<br />
NETWORKS<br />
LiDAR<br />
CULTURAL HERITAGE<br />
May/June <strong>2021</strong> year XXV N°3<br />
GNSS-BASED<br />
INTEGRATED<br />
PLATFORM<br />
INTERVIEW WITH KEVIN<br />
DOWLING CEO OF KAARTA<br />
ITALY DISCOVERABILITY<br />
IN PRACTICE<br />
AI PIPELINES FOR BIG<br />
COPERNICUS DATA
Italy in the GeoInformation worldwide<br />
In this issue, traditionally released in English language every year, <strong>GEOmedia</strong> provide<br />
its readers the presentation of two international projects where Italian companies play an<br />
important role.<br />
AMPERE (Asset Mapping Platform for Emerging countRies Electrification), a project created<br />
to bring to Dominican Republic, a GNSS-based integrated platform for energy decision<br />
makers. It is finalized to the solution to one of the problems in the Central and South<br />
America countries regarding the precarious, often chaotic status of large part of the electricity<br />
distribution network, which, besides making the service unreliable and sometimes dangerous,<br />
takes away from the simple beauty of the area. The old lines are being replaced with several<br />
dedicated interventions to make areas more appealing. Moreover, the electricity distribution<br />
companies experience serious problems with electricity leakages and were losing vast amounts<br />
of resources from illegal connections to the grid. AMPERE, with the participation of the<br />
Italian company Sistematica SpA, proposes a solution based on a GIS cloud mapping<br />
technology, collecting on field data acquired with optical/thermal cameras and LIDAR installed<br />
on board to an UAV as well as other data captured with conventional sensors on ground.<br />
DeepCube is an Horizon 2020 project implemented by 9 European partners coordinated<br />
by the National Observatory of Athens. In this project the Italian company TREA Altamira<br />
(TREA) will analyze the deformation trend change detection on PSI (Persistent Scatterer<br />
Interferometry) time series for critical infrastructure monitoring using InSAR derived services.<br />
TRE has been a pioneer in developing new products from satellite SAR data, born as a<br />
Politecnico of Milan University spin-off in 2000, the company was funded to market the first<br />
PSI technique worldwide and in 2016, it merged with Altamira, an InSAR service company<br />
too. When asked to join the DeepCube project, TRE was thrilled to contribute to the challenge<br />
of exploiting the mass amount of Sentinel-1 SAR data combined with in-situ geodetic and<br />
other measurements with the final goal of creating a commercial service to monitor critical<br />
infrastructure at large scales.<br />
Another important contribution is coming from the Italian Register of Territorial Data<br />
(RNDT) talking about the Data Discoverability. This is described as one of the main<br />
tasks, next to availability and interoperability, that public policy makers and implementers<br />
should take into due consideration in order to foster access, use and re-use of public sector<br />
information, particularly in case of Open Data.<br />
An overview on the Team of HERE Technologies working on modern map-making and<br />
maintenance that requires the normalization and conflation of combined datasets from many<br />
different sources and channels. The Local Data Intelligence Team (known as LDI team) is<br />
a global team, with geo spatial experts in each region. Different cultures and local knowledge<br />
allow for a rainbow of expertise in this team. Although they are local, they state to contribute<br />
toward global solutions.<br />
Finally an interview to Kevin Dowling , CEO of Kaarta will bring us a new vision of actual<br />
modern cartography. Kevin explain us that the name ‘Kaarta’ is a phonetic reference to the<br />
science or practice of map making in cartography. The name captures the company’s pioneering<br />
on mapping to produce 3D models in real time, and it is not about the technique used, but it’s<br />
about the problems solved.<br />
Enjoy your reading,<br />
Renzo Carlucci
IN ThIS<br />
ISSuE...<br />
FOCuS<br />
REPORT<br />
COLUMNS<br />
20 AUGMENTED REALITY<br />
24 ESA Image<br />
30 NEWS<br />
AMPERE (ASSET<br />
MAPPING PLATFORM FOR<br />
EMERGING COuNTRIES<br />
ELECTRIFICATION)<br />
A GNSS-BASED<br />
INTEGRATED PLATFORM<br />
FOR ENERGy DECISION<br />
MAkERS<br />
BY MARCO NISI, MARCO LISI,<br />
ALBERTO MENNELLA, PEDRO<br />
CABRERA, PERE MOLINA,<br />
GIANCARMINE FASANO, ROBERTO<br />
MUSCINELLI, SIMONE MAURIZI<br />
6<br />
38 AGENDA<br />
12<br />
AN INTERvIEw wITh<br />
kEvIN DOwLING,<br />
CEO OF kAARTA<br />
BY EDITORIAL STAFF<br />
SANTO DOMINGO -<br />
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC:<br />
View of famous landmark<br />
of Columbus Statue and<br />
Cathedral, Parque Colon.<br />
geomediaonline.it<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong>, published bi-monthly, is the Italian magazine for<br />
geomatics. Since more than 20 years publishing to open a<br />
worldwide window to the Italian market and vice versa.<br />
Themes are on latest news, developments and applications in<br />
the complex field of earth surface sciences.<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> faces with all activities relating to the acquisition,<br />
processing, querying, analysis, presentation, dissemination,<br />
management and use of geo-data and geo-information. The<br />
magazine covers subjects such as surveying, environment,<br />
mapping, GNSS systems, GIS, Earth Observation, Geospatial<br />
Data, BIM, UAV and 3D technologies.
ADV<br />
ITALy,<br />
DISCOvERABILITy<br />
IN PRACTICE<br />
BY GABRIELE CIASULLO,<br />
GIOVANNA SCAGLIONE<br />
AND ANTONIO ROTUNDO<br />
14<br />
EPSILON 11<br />
ESRI ITALIA 33<br />
CODEVINTEC 35<br />
DATRONIX 39<br />
GEC SOFTWARE 2<br />
GEOMAX 30<br />
GIS3W 31<br />
GTER 23<br />
PLANETEK 39<br />
STONEX 17<br />
LOCAL ChANGE<br />
DETECTION<br />
TEAM @ hERE<br />
TEChNOLOGIES<br />
BY HERE TECHNOLOGIES<br />
18<br />
26<br />
DEEPCuBE:<br />
ExPLAINABLE AI<br />
PIPELINES FOR BIG<br />
COPERNICuS DATA<br />
BY CHIARA GERVASI,<br />
ALESSIA FERRARI, IOANNIS<br />
PAPOUTSIS, SOUZANA<br />
TOULOUMTZI<br />
TEOREMA 38<br />
Lake Mar Chiquita<br />
In the background the Copernicus<br />
Sentinel-1 mission<br />
image taken over Lake Mar<br />
Chiquita – an endorheic salt<br />
lake in the northeast province<br />
of Córdoba, Argentina.<br />
Several small islands lie in the<br />
lake, the most important of<br />
which is El Médano. Vast expanses<br />
of saline marshes can<br />
be seen on the lake’s northern<br />
shore. The lake has been designated<br />
as a Ramsar Site of<br />
International Importance,<br />
and is considered one of the<br />
most important wetlands in<br />
Argentina owing to its rich<br />
biodiversity. Over 25 species<br />
of fish are known to breed in<br />
Lake Mar Chiquita, with fishing<br />
and livestock being the<br />
principal land uses.<br />
The colours of this image<br />
come from the combination<br />
of two polarisations from the<br />
Copernicus Sentinel-1 radar<br />
mission, which have been<br />
converted into a single image.<br />
This image was acquired on<br />
17 November 2020.<br />
(Source: ESA - Image of the<br />
week: "Lake Mar Chiquita")<br />
una pubblicazione<br />
Chief Editor<br />
RENZO CARLUCCI, direttore@rivistageomedia.it<br />
Editorial Board<br />
Vyron Antoniou, Fabrizio Bernardini, Mario Caporale,<br />
Luigi Colombo, Mattia Crespi, Luigi Di Prinzio,<br />
Michele Dussi, Michele Fasolo, Marco Lisi, Flavio Lupia,<br />
Beniamino Murgante, Aldo Riggio, Mauro Salvemini,<br />
Domenico Santarsiero, Attilio Selvini, Donato Tufillaro<br />
Managing Director<br />
FULVIO BERNARDINI, fbernardini@rivistageomedia.it<br />
Editorial Staff<br />
VALERIO CARLUCCI, GIANLUCA PITITTO,<br />
redazione@rivistageomedia.it<br />
Marketing Assistant<br />
TATIANA IASILLO, diffusione@rivistageomedia.it<br />
Design<br />
DANIELE CARLUCCI, dcarlucci@rivistageomedia.it<br />
MediaGEO soc. coop.<br />
Via Palestro, 95 00185 Roma<br />
Tel. 06.64871209 - Fax. 06.62209510<br />
info@rivistageomedia.it<br />
ISSN 1128-8132<br />
Reg. Trib. di Roma N° 243/2003 del 14.05.03<br />
Stampa: System Graphics Srl<br />
Via di Torre Santa Anastasia 61 00134 Roma<br />
Paid subscriptions<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> is available bi-monthly on a subscription<br />
Science & Technology<br />
basis.<br />
Communication<br />
The annual subscription rate is € 45. It is possible to subscribe at any time via<br />
https://geo4all.it/abbonamento. The cost of one issue is € 9 €, for the previous<br />
issue the cost is € 12 €. Prices and conditions may be subject to change.<br />
Magazine founded by: Domenico Santarsiero.<br />
Issue closed on: 28/08/202<br />
Science & Technology Communication
FOCUS<br />
AMPERE (Asset Mapping Platform for<br />
Emerging CountRies Electrification)<br />
a GNSS-based integrated platform<br />
for energy decision makers<br />
by Marco Nisi, Marco Lisi, Alberto Mennella, Pedro Cabrera, Pere Molina,<br />
Giancarmine Fasano, Roberto Muscinelli, Simone Maurizi<br />
Despite global electrification<br />
rates are significantly<br />
progressing, the access to<br />
electricity in emerging countries<br />
is still far from being achieved.<br />
Indeed, the challenge facing such<br />
communities goes beyond the<br />
lack of infrastructure assets; what<br />
is needed is a holistic assessment<br />
of the energy demand and its<br />
expected growth over time, based<br />
on an accurate assessment of<br />
deployed resources and their<br />
maintenance status.<br />
As an example, one<br />
big problem plaguing<br />
Dominican Republic is<br />
the precarious, often chaotic<br />
status of large part of the electricity<br />
distribution network<br />
(figure 1), which, besides<br />
making the service unreliable<br />
and sometimes dangerous,<br />
takes away from the simple<br />
beauty of the area.<br />
The old lines are now being<br />
replaced with several dedicated<br />
interventions to make areas<br />
more appealing. Moreover,<br />
the electricity distribution<br />
companies experience serious<br />
problems with electricity leakages<br />
and were losing vast<br />
amounts of resources from<br />
illegal connections to the grid.<br />
Based on the above scenario,<br />
the AMPERE solution aims to<br />
support the decision-making<br />
process – including activities<br />
planning, data acquisition<br />
and final reporting - for investments<br />
and network maintenance,<br />
based on infrastructural<br />
and geomorphological<br />
assets mapping intended as a<br />
service provided by AMPERE<br />
consortium (figure 2).<br />
The concept<br />
The original need for<br />
AMPERE platform comes<br />
from issues related to operations<br />
performed by on-field<br />
surveyors to collect information<br />
about mapping and<br />
status of electrical assets. In<br />
this operational scenario, the<br />
surveyors have to operate in<br />
a time-efficient and safe way,<br />
using hand-held cameras<br />
and geomatic tools to collect<br />
data, which are then processed<br />
offline.<br />
AMPERE provides an important<br />
contribution, being<br />
the survey also supported by<br />
Remotely Piloted Aircraft’s<br />
(RPA’s) performing operations<br />
in a semi-automated<br />
way, i.e., exploiting on-board<br />
sensors (optical/ thermal<br />
6 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
FOCUS<br />
cameras, LIDAR and GNSS<br />
receivers) to keep their trajectory<br />
as close as possible to<br />
the targets to be surveyed.<br />
electric assets, thus achieving<br />
high-resolution details while<br />
maintaining a safe distance to<br />
avoid collisions.<br />
It is worth noting that the use<br />
of GNSS (GPS and Galileo)<br />
receivers allows not only a<br />
precise navigation of the<br />
drones, but also a highly accurate<br />
geo-referencing of the<br />
collected data. These features<br />
will be in the future further<br />
enhanced taking advantage of<br />
the soon operational Galileo<br />
High Accuracy Service<br />
(HAS).<br />
AMPERE proposes a solution<br />
(figure 3) based on a GIS<br />
cloud mapping technology,<br />
collecting on field data acquired<br />
with optical/thermal<br />
cameras and LIDAR installed<br />
on board an RPA as well as<br />
other data captured with conventional<br />
sensors on ground.<br />
In particular, an RPA will be<br />
able to fly over selected areas<br />
performing semi-automated<br />
operations to collect optical<br />
and thermal images as well as<br />
3D LiDAR-based reconstruction<br />
products. Such products<br />
are post processed at the<br />
central cloud GIS platform,<br />
allowing operators to perform<br />
planning and monitoring activities<br />
by means of different<br />
screen views. Analytic tools<br />
can resolve data accessibility<br />
issues and improve the decision-making<br />
process.<br />
AMPERE system elements<br />
RPA platforms<br />
Two RPA typologies have<br />
been considered in AMPERE:<br />
Fixed Wing RPA’s and<br />
Multirotor RPA’s.<br />
A Fixed Wing RPA, flying<br />
high and fast, is very suitable<br />
for a rapid inspection<br />
over a long power line, but it<br />
cannot observe small details<br />
(e.g., signs of deterioration)in<br />
electric towers, distribution<br />
boxes, wires and insulators.<br />
However, it can provide the<br />
general topology of the network<br />
by flying even 80 Km<br />
per flight (Beyond Visual<br />
Line of Sight, BVLOS), embarking<br />
an RGB camera and/<br />
or a thermal (IR) imager as<br />
payload.<br />
The AMPERE fixed-wing<br />
RPA is based on the Believer<br />
1960 mm Wingspan platform.<br />
This flight platform<br />
features a high portability,<br />
stability and durability, making<br />
it ideal for industry class<br />
aerial survey. The Fixed Wing<br />
RPA has been designed with<br />
active tracking antenna system<br />
(ATAS) needed for long<br />
range flight operations.<br />
Figures 4 and 5 show, respectively,<br />
the fixed-wing drone<br />
and its portable control and<br />
communications system.<br />
A multi-rotor aircraft is the<br />
most suitable choice to provide<br />
very detailed thermal and<br />
optical images by hovering in<br />
the air at close distance from<br />
the various components of<br />
the power line; moreover, it<br />
is suggested for rural as well<br />
as for sub-urban and urban<br />
Figure 2: AMPERE service value chain<br />
Figure 1: aerial power lines in Dominican Republic<br />
environments. The only<br />
disadvantage of this type of<br />
drone comes from the relatively<br />
limited autonomy: about<br />
half an hour, working on batteries.<br />
The main platform used<br />
for powerline inspections<br />
in AMPERE is the DJI<br />
MATRICE 300 RTK. It is<br />
a powerful industrial drone<br />
platform with an advanced<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 7
FOCUS<br />
Figure 3: AMPERE architectural concept<br />
Figure 4: Fixed wing drone developed in AMPERE project<br />
flight controller system,<br />
6 Directional Sensing,<br />
Positioning system and FPV<br />
camera. This system can implement<br />
semiautonomous<br />
operations, thanks to the<br />
high-end onboard sensors<br />
and sophisticated data fusion<br />
algorithms. Moreover, this<br />
platform has different mechanisms<br />
(SDK) to integrate specific<br />
third-party equipment.<br />
Specifically, in the AMPERE<br />
application the drone is<br />
equipped with a payload,<br />
including a LIDAR instrument,<br />
which implements a<br />
complete 3D Laser scanning,<br />
providing a high-resolution<br />
map of the power line,<br />
with a centimetric level resolution;<br />
a Synchronized<br />
Stereo Optical Camera and<br />
a Triple Frequency Multi-<br />
Constellation E-GNSS<br />
Receiver, used for georeferencing<br />
the acquired data and<br />
for they synchronization.<br />
Figures 6 and 7 show the<br />
main multi-rotor RPA and its<br />
multi-instrument payload.<br />
Finally, in addition to the<br />
fixed-wing and the main multi-rotor<br />
RPA’s, a small multirotor<br />
drone with a Maximum<br />
Take-Off Mass (MTOM) of<br />
less than 250 g, including<br />
payload, will be used. The<br />
main advantage of this category<br />
is the possibility to fly<br />
over people not informed of<br />
drone operations, making it<br />
suitable to be employed even<br />
in crowded cities.<br />
AMPERE Cloud GIS Platform<br />
(ACGP)<br />
Electric utility companies<br />
need accurate information<br />
on their asset inventory, basically<br />
based on two types<br />
of geographical information:<br />
(i) asset mapping of<br />
the distribution network,<br />
containing crucial technical<br />
information and locations of<br />
infrastructural assets as poles,<br />
power lines, lights, circuits,<br />
equipment, facilities etc.; and<br />
(ii) information about the<br />
customers, including their<br />
locations and consumption<br />
details to determine the areas<br />
for potential new customers<br />
and network expansion..<br />
Indeed, the biggest problem<br />
electric utilities are facing is<br />
storing the historical data and<br />
updating it due to the realtime<br />
changes on the field.<br />
8 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
FOCUS<br />
Accordingly, AMPERE Cloud<br />
GIS solution provides utilities<br />
with an overview of the<br />
entire process visualized on<br />
a map from campaign planning,<br />
execution, acquisition<br />
and processing to generate a<br />
final automated report (figures<br />
8 and 9).<br />
AMPERE Cloud GIS platform<br />
is a multi-sensor mapping<br />
system, featuring both<br />
3D reconstruction capabilities<br />
(based on LiDAR) and<br />
vision-based products (based<br />
on RGB/thermal cameras),<br />
that are already geo-referenced<br />
for their straight-forward<br />
use by end-user platforms<br />
in AMPERE. Moreover,<br />
AMPERE foresees co-registration<br />
and combination<br />
of RGB images and LiDAR<br />
point clouds. The key concept<br />
is that the LiDAR point<br />
cloud can provide 3D information<br />
to image data, while<br />
in an inverse fashion, LiDAR<br />
points can be associated to<br />
image windows where these<br />
points are observed, thus supporting<br />
visual inspection.<br />
The greatest benefit is the<br />
real-time collaboration<br />
between top management<br />
and field operators where<br />
maps and layers can be shared<br />
with different levels of<br />
access. Moreover, AMPERE<br />
Cloud GIS solution can be<br />
used with no need for extensive<br />
education of operators:<br />
the solution is implemented<br />
in a process workflow immediately<br />
and it is suitable for<br />
non-GIS users as well as for<br />
professionals. The option to<br />
collect line features in the<br />
field with high GNSS accuracy<br />
and to store them in the<br />
database can increase time<br />
and cost efficiency of the entire<br />
organization as it offers a<br />
more convenient way to collect<br />
data.<br />
As such, in the context of<br />
AMPERE, Galileo – the<br />
European GNSS system - is a<br />
key enabler, especially when<br />
leveraging its unique features:<br />
a free-of-charge High<br />
Accuracy Service (HAS) and<br />
highly precise E5 AltBOC<br />
code measurements. These<br />
features are of great benefit<br />
for the industry of mapping<br />
in general -and electric utilities<br />
in particular-, as they<br />
simplify the mapping methodology<br />
(less supporting<br />
infrastructure needed) and<br />
therefore increase time and<br />
cost efficiency, offering a<br />
more convenient way to manage<br />
energy distribution. The<br />
core component in this task<br />
is GeoNumerics’ NEXA, a robust<br />
non-linear least-squares<br />
generic sequential estimation<br />
engine to compute trajectories<br />
of any type. NEXA has<br />
been designed to be extensible<br />
and adaptative, provided<br />
with the appropriate plugand-play<br />
toolboxes (GNSS,<br />
or GNSS/INS, or GNSS/INS<br />
plus other sensors).<br />
Figure 6: AMPERE multi-rotor RPA<br />
Future works<br />
and conclusions<br />
The AMPERE system is<br />
being tested in Europe. After<br />
on factory tests performed<br />
at partners’ premises in Italy<br />
and Spain, a dedicated campaign<br />
covering technical (accuracy<br />
of sensors installed on<br />
the drone) and operational<br />
(user experience) aspects is<br />
planned in September <strong>2021</strong><br />
for the complete system acceptance.<br />
Figure 5: fixed wing drone<br />
control & communications<br />
system<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 9
FOCUS<br />
Figure 7: AMPERE multi rotor RPA payload<br />
Figure 8: ACGP. Project creation for campaign planning<br />
Figure 9: ACGP. Network assets topology acquisition with attached products<br />
Furtherly, a validation campaign<br />
with Stakeholder’s<br />
involvement will be conducted<br />
in Santo Domingo,<br />
in November <strong>2021</strong>. The<br />
sessions will measure the<br />
benefit of the AMPERE<br />
solution in terms of time of<br />
operations and accuracy of<br />
collected data when compared<br />
to traditional state-ofthe-art<br />
approaches based on<br />
the usage of geodetic GNSS<br />
receivers.<br />
The area is already selected<br />
after agreement with<br />
Corporation Dominicana de<br />
Empresas Eléctricas Estatales<br />
(CDEEE), also supporting<br />
with formal interest the<br />
consortium together with<br />
Instituto Dominicano de<br />
Aviación Civil (IDAC).<br />
The AMPERE solution will<br />
be used to map “Los Tres<br />
Brazos” sector, eastern side<br />
(ML69-02 EDEESTE) circuit,<br />
in a popular district of<br />
Santo Domingo.. The campaign<br />
in Santo Domingo,<br />
with involvement of the<br />
above mentioned stakeholders,<br />
will be an important<br />
pillar for qualification review<br />
also from a market perspective,<br />
providing necessary<br />
feedbacks upon the maturity<br />
of the envisaged business<br />
models (figure 10):<br />
• AMPERE as a Product<br />
(AaaP): This option includes<br />
the provision of<br />
the overall needed fleet of<br />
drones (already tested and<br />
integrated with the payload),<br />
a training session (in<br />
which installation activities<br />
will be performed), the<br />
maintenance and post-sales<br />
service (for both physical<br />
assets – e.g. drones and<br />
payloads - and platform<br />
customer care/updates);<br />
10 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
FOCUS<br />
• AMPERE as a<br />
Service (AaaS): This<br />
option includes the<br />
provision of the overall<br />
service, meant<br />
as gridline mapping<br />
and inspection and<br />
production of reports<br />
and management<br />
of the ACGP.<br />
As a final output<br />
the client would get<br />
a detailed report of<br />
the As-Is situation of<br />
the network, based<br />
on the surveys made<br />
by an allocated team<br />
of engineers and<br />
drone operators.<br />
C’è vita nel nostro mondo.<br />
Figure 10: AMPERE business models<br />
METAKEYS<br />
Galileo, Copernicus, Powerlines, Electrical Asset Mapping, Emerging<br />
Countries<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
The purpose of the AMPERE (Asset Mapping Platform for Emerging<br />
countRies Electrification) project is to provide a dedicated solution for<br />
electrical power network information gathering: AMPERE will support<br />
decision making actors (e.g. institutions and public/ private companies<br />
in charge to manage electrical network) to collect all needed info to<br />
plan electrical network maintenance and upgrade. AMPERE solution<br />
is based on a GIS Cloud mapping technology, collecting on field data<br />
acquired with optical/thermal cameras and LIDAR installed on board a<br />
Remote Piloted Aircraft (RPA).<br />
AMPERE project has received funding from the European GNSS<br />
Agency (grant agreement No 870227) under the European Union’s<br />
Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.<br />
AUTHOR<br />
Marco Nisi<br />
marco.nisi@grupposistematica.it<br />
Simone Maurizi, Free Soft and Tech s.r.l.,<br />
Marco Lisi, Independent consultant,<br />
Alberto Mennella, TOPview<br />
Pedro Cabrera, UNPHU University<br />
Pere Molina, GeoNumerics S.A.,<br />
Giancarmine Fasano, University of Naples Federico II,<br />
Roberto Muscinelli, Business Integration Partners S.p.A.<br />
AMPERE Consortium<br />
www.h2020-ampere.eu<br />
Trasformazione e pubblicazione di dati<br />
territoriali in conformità a INSPIRE<br />
Assistenza su Hight Value Datasets,<br />
APIs, Location Intelligence, Data Spaces<br />
INSPIRE Helpdesk<br />
We support all INSPIRE implementers<br />
EsinItaiaS<br />
Viale della oncordia, <br />
endicino S<br />
el e a <br />
infoepsilonitaliait<br />
www.epsilon-italia.it<br />
www.inspire-helpdesk.eu<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 11
INTERVIEW<br />
An interview with<br />
Kevin Dowling,<br />
CEO of KAARTA<br />
What does Kaarta<br />
mean and why you<br />
choose this name for<br />
your company?<br />
Kevin Dowling: The<br />
name ‘Kaarta’ is a<br />
phonetic reference to<br />
cartography, the science<br />
or practice of map making,<br />
and all things cartographic.<br />
Kaarta, the<br />
company, is all about<br />
mapping and localization.<br />
The name – with<br />
the extra a added for effect<br />
– captures the company’s<br />
pioneering take<br />
on mapping to produce<br />
3D models in real time.<br />
The name is not about<br />
the technique we use,<br />
it’s about the problems<br />
we solve.<br />
Kaarta is a relatively<br />
recent company, but<br />
has grown a lot in<br />
recent years. What is<br />
your magic potion?<br />
There’s little that is<br />
magical about growing<br />
a company. It’s a lot<br />
of time, effort and<br />
plain hard work, but if<br />
anything is our magic<br />
potion it would be the<br />
core algorithms and<br />
approaches to solving a<br />
long-standing problem<br />
of figuring out where<br />
you are and what is<br />
around you. It’s a hard<br />
problem and many<br />
groups have attempted<br />
to solve it. There is no<br />
simple closed-form<br />
solution. It is truly a<br />
chicken and egg problem:<br />
Kaarta uses the<br />
world around us to<br />
figure out where we<br />
are while using where<br />
we are to figure what is<br />
around us. That’s both<br />
magical and bewildering!<br />
Kaarta is specialist in<br />
real-time mobile 3D<br />
reality capture. Which<br />
is the core business of<br />
the company?<br />
Capturing the real<br />
world as a 3D digital<br />
representation is important,<br />
and Kaarta does<br />
it quickly and accurately.<br />
But that is<br />
just the first step of<br />
what Kaarta does and<br />
what customers ultimately<br />
need. Kaarta’s<br />
core business is helping<br />
our customers get to<br />
the representation of<br />
the world that they<br />
need. This might be a<br />
floor plan, a 3D model,<br />
tagged and labelled assets<br />
and more. It starts<br />
with data capture and<br />
ends with a model, or a<br />
plan, or a decision.<br />
What are your best<br />
product and why?<br />
We have several products<br />
that are suitable<br />
for different applications<br />
so it’s hard to say<br />
what is best since each<br />
product is tailored for<br />
particular needs.<br />
• Contour - Simple<br />
handheld indoor reality<br />
capture. Fast and<br />
you can see results in<br />
real-time on an easyto-use<br />
touch screen.<br />
• Stencil 2 - Long range,<br />
lightweight, can<br />
be flown, carried, or<br />
driven. 100m range<br />
in all directions.<br />
Two flavours of lidar<br />
-16 and -32 line<br />
for the best quality.<br />
• Stencil Pro - The<br />
flagship - rugged<br />
outdoor or vehicle<br />
scanning yet can be<br />
carried when needed.<br />
Integrated GNSS,<br />
Rugged IP65 rating,<br />
200m range, and<br />
four 4K HD cameras<br />
provide real-time<br />
panoramic views.<br />
• Kaarta Cloud - Postprocessing<br />
made<br />
easy, visual, and<br />
collaborative. Kaarta<br />
Cloud even works<br />
with raw data files<br />
direct from lidar.<br />
• Kaarta Engine -<br />
Mostly licensed to<br />
robotics companies<br />
for robot localization<br />
and mapping. Easily<br />
integrated and interfaced<br />
into customer<br />
systems.<br />
Now you can see<br />
why there are multi-<br />
12 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
INTERVIEW<br />
ple ‘best’ products.<br />
They each serve their<br />
markets well!<br />
Kaarta recently introduced<br />
Stencil Pro.<br />
Users who have tried<br />
it have called it amazing:<br />
what is the secret<br />
of this MMS?<br />
Stencil Pro is a turnkey<br />
system advancing<br />
next generation mobile<br />
surveying. It is a new<br />
class of product for<br />
Kaarta, and for the<br />
industry as a whole. It<br />
marries the speed and<br />
ability to work in<br />
GNSS denied areas of<br />
a SLAM-based system<br />
with the distance and<br />
accuracy of a traditional<br />
mobile mapping<br />
system, at a fraction of<br />
the cost. Stencil Pro<br />
offers a fully integrated<br />
seamless design<br />
that incorporates an<br />
advanced lidar with<br />
200m of range in all<br />
directions, four 4K<br />
HD cameras to provide<br />
images that can be<br />
made into panoramic<br />
images. It offers a high<br />
quality Trimble GNSS<br />
with corrections capabilities,<br />
an excellent<br />
antenna, and a path to<br />
further upgrades. Also,<br />
a fully-integrated IMU<br />
is used for building accurate<br />
trajectories and<br />
therefore point clouds.<br />
Stencil Pro is also<br />
made for tougher<br />
environments and is<br />
rated IP 65. It’s not so<br />
much a secret as a lot<br />
of effort to make a great<br />
product.<br />
What will be the role<br />
of SLAM technology<br />
and Mobile Mapping in<br />
the creation of a digital<br />
world in the future?<br />
[The last question is<br />
completely open. We<br />
would like to understand<br />
how your company is<br />
contributing to autonomous<br />
robots. If you are<br />
developing particular<br />
sensors for autonomous<br />
robots, maps that are<br />
used by robots, SLAM<br />
for robots or new algorithms<br />
that allow robots<br />
to improve their ability<br />
to positioning, avoid<br />
collisions or make quick<br />
‟<br />
SLAM solutions<br />
enable many new<br />
and novel realms of<br />
capture, modeling,<br />
planning, and assessment.<br />
Because of<br />
the speed of SLAM<br />
and ever improving<br />
accuracy sufficient for<br />
all but the most stringent<br />
applications, the<br />
world can be modeled<br />
rapidly from the<br />
air, from vehicles, by<br />
people and by robots.<br />
Applications including<br />
subsurface and<br />
new multi-sensory<br />
capabilities will help<br />
The name is not<br />
decisions. We kindly<br />
ask you to go into this<br />
last subject as much as<br />
possible.]<br />
Kaarta’s highly mobile<br />
approach has<br />
many advantages over<br />
traditional capture<br />
approaches including<br />
fast speed, quick response,<br />
and minimum<br />
site access. In addition,<br />
Kaarta provides<br />
100% coverage<br />
in the most complex<br />
environments. We can<br />
scan environments<br />
impossible for stationary<br />
scans including<br />
partially flooded mines,<br />
shipboard applications,<br />
small spaces,<br />
and more.<br />
‟<br />
about the technique<br />
we use, it’s about the<br />
problems we solve<br />
model the world<br />
in unprecedented<br />
ways by mapping<br />
everything from<br />
acoustics, radiation,<br />
lighting, RF, chemicals,<br />
and much more.<br />
Robots will increasingly<br />
be part of our<br />
lives - even if they<br />
don’t look like the<br />
robots of fiction and<br />
movies. Whether navigating<br />
a warehouse<br />
or a retail store aisle,<br />
cleaning floors,<br />
or making a last mile<br />
home delivery, autonomous<br />
robots need<br />
a map and need to<br />
know where they are<br />
on the map. Kaarta<br />
provides a new level<br />
of understanding of<br />
spaces for humans and<br />
autonomous machines<br />
alike.<br />
Kaarta Engine is a<br />
set of purpose-built<br />
3D mapping and localization<br />
algorithms<br />
that artfully solve the<br />
simultaneous location<br />
and mapping problem<br />
of both capturing what<br />
is around it (mapping)<br />
and where it is in<br />
that environment (location).<br />
Kaarta’s unparalleled<br />
expertise in<br />
localization – a result<br />
of our deep robotics<br />
roots – is fundamental<br />
to our patentpending<br />
approach to<br />
solving the SLAM problem,<br />
reducing drift<br />
error of other SLAM<br />
systems by an order of<br />
magnitude.<br />
Kaarta Engine is at the<br />
heart of our Stencil<br />
and Contour products,<br />
and it is also the mapping<br />
and localization<br />
intelligence behind an<br />
array of third-party<br />
geospatial and mobile<br />
autonomous robotics<br />
solutions that need to<br />
quickly and accurately<br />
assess and understand<br />
the fundamental questions<br />
of where they<br />
are and what is around<br />
them.<br />
METAKEYS<br />
Mapping, Cartography,3D<br />
reality capture<br />
AUTHOR<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> Editorial Staff<br />
redazione@rivistageomedia.it<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 13
REPORT<br />
Italy, discoverability in practice<br />
by Gabriele Ciasullo, Giovanna<br />
Scaglione and Antonio Rotundo<br />
Data discoverability is one<br />
of the main tasks, next to<br />
availability and interoperability,<br />
that public policy makers and<br />
implementers should take into<br />
due consideration in order to<br />
foster access, use and re-use of<br />
public sector information (PSI),<br />
particularly in case of open data.<br />
Users shall be enabled<br />
to easily search and<br />
find data they need for<br />
the most different purposes.<br />
That is clearly highlighted in<br />
the introduction statements<br />
of the INSPIRE Directive,<br />
where we can read that “The<br />
loss of time and resources in<br />
searching for existing (spatial)<br />
data or establishing whether they<br />
may be used for a particular<br />
purpose is a key obstacle to the<br />
full exploitation of the data<br />
available”.<br />
Metadata and data portals/<br />
catalogues are essential assets to<br />
enable that data discoverability.<br />
In Italy, AgID (Agency for<br />
Digital Italy,) is in charge of<br />
managing the National Open<br />
Data Portal (dati.gov.it,) and<br />
the National Catalogue for<br />
Spatial Data (RNDT - geodati.<br />
gov.it). These catalogues are<br />
the core components of an<br />
overall PSI infrastructure to be<br />
intended as the knowledge base<br />
of all PSI, implemented by the<br />
actions defined in the Three-<br />
Year Plan for ICT in the Public<br />
Administration 2019-<strong>2021</strong>.<br />
Recently the new version of<br />
both catalogues was released<br />
with important new features<br />
aimed at further improving the<br />
user experience in the search,<br />
access and use of public data<br />
and at facilitating the use of<br />
the functionalities for the<br />
documentation of data and<br />
services by the administrations.<br />
Some examples of these new<br />
features are:<br />
harvesting by dati.gov.it<br />
of data sources consistent<br />
with the national metadata<br />
profile DCAT-AP_IT;<br />
dataset search for<br />
each data provider, as<br />
well as for catalogue,<br />
under the new section<br />
“Administrations, Link<br />
opens in a new window” in<br />
dati.gov.it; and<br />
the pre-defined view<br />
for “priority datasets” in<br />
geodati.gov.it as defined<br />
under the INSPIRE<br />
context.<br />
The main aim of these<br />
activities is to make public data<br />
available to an ever wider and<br />
diversified audience. In this<br />
regard, the most significant<br />
action, defined in the threeyear<br />
plan mentioned above, has<br />
concerned the interoperable<br />
integration and coordination<br />
of the two catalogues through<br />
the implementation of<br />
GeoDCAT-AP, Link opens in a<br />
new window to ensure aligned,<br />
up-to-date and not conflicting<br />
descriptions of spatial data even<br />
available as open data. Thanks<br />
to that, open spatial data<br />
documented in the RNDT are<br />
also discoverable in the open<br />
data portal, without any other<br />
burden for data providers.<br />
Linked to that, specific<br />
pre-defined views were<br />
implemented in both catalogues<br />
in order to immediately<br />
identify:<br />
open data in geodati.gov.it,<br />
using DCAT-AP themes as<br />
search criteria;<br />
open spatial data coming<br />
from RNDT in dati.gov.it,<br />
using the INSPIRE themes<br />
as search criteria.<br />
14 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
REPORT<br />
The classification of open<br />
spatial data against the<br />
DCAT-AP themes is based on<br />
the alignments between the<br />
controlled vocabularies used<br />
in ISO 19115 / INSPIRE<br />
metadata and those used in<br />
DCAT-AP defined under<br />
the ISA 2 programme. Other<br />
alignments needed for the<br />
implementation of GeoDCAT-<br />
AP and the coordination of<br />
the two catalogues are being<br />
published in the registry<br />
managed by AgID too (an<br />
example of a cross-map register<br />
is available at this URL.<br />
Finally, in order to address<br />
a wider audience, including<br />
non-GI experts, spatial data<br />
documented in RNDT<br />
is also available through<br />
the web search engines,<br />
specifically Google Dataset<br />
Search. A relevant current<br />
example on how that<br />
discoverability, outlined in<br />
this blog post, concretely<br />
works is the COVID-19<br />
open data, published by the<br />
Italian Department for Civil<br />
Protection, including national<br />
trends, provinces and regions<br />
data and areas, under the license<br />
CC-BY 4.0.<br />
Metadata for those datasets<br />
were published in RNDT as<br />
spatial data (e.g. see metadata<br />
for the dataset of zones at<br />
national level for containing<br />
COVID-19 contagion) and,<br />
consequently, those datasets are<br />
also made discoverable:<br />
in dati.gov.it, as open data;<br />
in the European Data<br />
Portal, as both dati.gov.<br />
it and geodati.gov.it are<br />
harvested;<br />
in the INSPIRE<br />
Geoportal, as geodati.gov.it<br />
is harvested;<br />
in Google Dataset Search.<br />
In summary, Open Data are<br />
available in an ‘universal’ way,<br />
regardless the search tool used<br />
by the users. Additional features<br />
are being implemented in both<br />
catalogues and will be presented<br />
in a future blog post.<br />
Interview on GeoDCAT-AP - Insights from Agency<br />
for Digital Italy<br />
Interview with Antonio Rotundo, Geographic Information<br />
Expert, and Gabriele Ciasullo, Head of Databases and<br />
Open Data Office, Agency for Digital Italy (AgID)<br />
Why did your agency opt for GeoDCAT-AP?<br />
AgID (Agency for Digital Italy) has been working on a<br />
national strategy for an overall public sector information<br />
infrastructure as knowledge base of all public information<br />
resources, implemented by the actions defined in the<br />
Three-Year Plan for ICT in the Public Administration.<br />
The core components of that infrastructure are the national<br />
catalogue for spatial data (RNDT) and the national<br />
open data portal.<br />
The Agency decided to implement GeoDCAT-AP to<br />
achieve an interoperable integration and coordination of<br />
the two catalogues. The aim was also to ensure aligned,<br />
up-to-date and not conflicting descriptions of spatial data<br />
even available as open data.<br />
Furthermore, it supports the general objectives to apply<br />
the once-only principle and to improve coordination<br />
between the INSPIRE implementation and eGovernment,<br />
open data and other relevant processes at the<br />
national level. This is recommended in several EU official<br />
documents, such as the eGovernment Action Plan, the<br />
European Interoperability Framework, etc.<br />
How was the implementation of GeoDCAT-AP carried<br />
out in Italy?<br />
The implementation of GeoDCAT-AP in Italy (named<br />
GeoDCAT-AP_IT) was addressed as a specific action in<br />
the previously mentioned Three-Year Plan for ICT in the<br />
Public Administration. The Plan is a strategic policy document<br />
for all public administrations established by the<br />
government which oversees the digital transformation of<br />
the country.<br />
The actions foreseen for the implementation of<br />
GeoDCAT-AP are:<br />
the definition of national guidelines (published in<br />
January 2018);<br />
the implementation of these guidelines and the development<br />
of the tools needed for their implementation<br />
(already done);<br />
and the full engagement of the Italian organisations<br />
managing local catalogues.<br />
The tools developed include the XSLT script extended<br />
(to take into account the extensions introduced in the<br />
national metadata profiles) and the GeoDCAT-AP_IT<br />
API reusing and extending the one developed under the<br />
ISA² Programme.<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 15
REPORT<br />
Can you give examples of how public administrations<br />
in Italy can use GeoDCAT-AP today?<br />
Thanks to GeoDCAT-AP, public administrations can<br />
document open spatial data ONLY in the national catalogue<br />
for spatial data that will directly enable and provide<br />
access to spatial data also in the national open data<br />
portal.<br />
Public administrations at the local level are expected to<br />
adopt the national approach also for their catalogues. For<br />
this purpose, we make the API available for reuse under<br />
the European Union Public Licence (EUPL) to facilitate<br />
the implementation also at the local level.<br />
Users and developers can also use the API to have a different<br />
format (RDF/XML and JSON-LD) for the metadata<br />
published in the national catalogue for spatial data.<br />
What are the benefits of GeoDCAT-AP for your organisation?<br />
How could it benefit other public administrations?<br />
We can identify benefits both on the side of the public<br />
administrations and on the side of the users.<br />
The use of GeoDCAT-AP allows our organisation to<br />
make open spatial data available to a wider and diversified<br />
audience, beyond the geospatial domain.<br />
Moreover, it allows to avoid the double burden on public<br />
administrations concerning the documentation of open<br />
geodata in both catalogues. Consequently, GeoDCAT-<br />
AP helps overcome the possible misalignments between<br />
the metadata for the same dataset published in the two<br />
catalogues.<br />
On the side of users, GeoDCAT-AP allows to improve<br />
the user experience in the discoverability of data. The<br />
more the metadata quality increases, the more effective<br />
the search becomes.<br />
Can you give an insight into your involvement in the<br />
work on GeoDCAT-AP?<br />
We actively participated in the development and revision<br />
of GeoDCAT-AP specification as members of the<br />
Working Group established under the ISA² Programme.<br />
In that context, we also provided a study comparing ISO<br />
19115:2003, INSPIRE and ISO 19115-1:2014 (the latest<br />
version of ISO 19115), included in Annex III to the<br />
specification.<br />
Moreover, we contributed to the activity carried out for<br />
the definition of the alignments between the controlled<br />
vocabularies used in ISO 19115 / INSPIRE metadata<br />
and those used in DCAT-AP.<br />
Finally, based on our experience in implementing<br />
GeoDCAT in Italy, we will further contribute to improve<br />
the GeoDCAT-AP specification by reporting issues<br />
and gaps as well as extensions included in the national<br />
implementation.<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
In Italy, AgID (Agency for Digital<br />
Italy) is in charge of managing the<br />
National Open Data Portal (dati.<br />
gov.it) and the National Catalogue<br />
for Spatial Data (RNDT, geodati.<br />
gov.it). Data discoverability is one<br />
of the main tasks, next to availability<br />
and interoperability, that public<br />
policy makers and implementers<br />
should take into due consideration<br />
in order to foster access, use and<br />
re-use of public sector information<br />
(PSI), particularly in case of open<br />
data.<br />
KEY WORDS<br />
RNDT, AGID, Open Data<br />
AUTHOR<br />
Gabriele Ciasullo<br />
ciasullo@agid.gov.it<br />
Giovanna Scaglione<br />
Antonio Rotundo<br />
AgID,<br />
Italian National<br />
Open Data Portal<br />
(https://dati.gov.it)<br />
National Catalogue for<br />
Spatial Data<br />
(https://geodati.gov.it)<br />
16 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
REPORT<br />
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www.stonex.it<br />
info@stonex.it - italia@stonex.it<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 17
REPORT<br />
Local Change Detection<br />
Team @ Here TECHNOLOGIES<br />
A mirror to the world<br />
by Here Technologies<br />
Who are the Local Data<br />
Intelligence Team<br />
and what is the important<br />
of location services?<br />
The Local Data Intelligence<br />
Team (known as LDI team) is<br />
a global team, with geo spatial<br />
experts in each region. Different<br />
cultures and local knowledge<br />
allow for a rainbow of expertise<br />
in this team.<br />
Although we are local, we contribute<br />
toward global solutions.<br />
Our team is in a truly unique<br />
position given the global context,<br />
we carry the responsibility<br />
of receiving and processing<br />
information in order to identify<br />
changes and solutions.<br />
Local Change Detection<br />
and its world<br />
(Superior) Local Change<br />
Detection is one of the main<br />
activities of the Local Data<br />
Intelligence Team.<br />
Today and every day, reality is<br />
changing and so are our maps!<br />
Local Change Detection aims at<br />
pro-actively identifying and prioritizing<br />
real-world changes that<br />
need to be reflected in HERE<br />
maps. We focus on the freshness<br />
staying one step ahead. This<br />
Modern map-making and maintenance require the normalization and<br />
conflation of combined datasets from many different sources and channels.<br />
“The challenge is to mirror the real world by refreshing our maps as quickly<br />
and consistently as we possibly can.”<br />
"We deliver fresh<br />
maps in order to<br />
experience an<br />
optimal location<br />
service."<br />
18 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
REPORT<br />
“We are a Global<br />
high-tech team<br />
with a Local Flavor,<br />
we are the eyes<br />
and ears wherever<br />
you are!”<br />
We are the Local<br />
Change Detection<br />
team and we know<br />
what tomorrow is<br />
going to be, today”<br />
is why we strive to proactively<br />
identify approaching changes,<br />
soon to manifest in the near<br />
future.<br />
The team monitors through<br />
tools (externally and internally<br />
developed) how our physical<br />
reality is continuously evolving<br />
and changing. All relevant<br />
changes are verified and supported<br />
during the ingestion<br />
process, according to priorities<br />
and reducing turnaround time<br />
between detection and data ingestion.<br />
All of this ensures the<br />
freshness and competitiveness of<br />
HERE maps. Media reports are<br />
one major source for this kind<br />
of information. Considering,<br />
however, that millions of news<br />
stories are published every day,<br />
drowning in this flow of data<br />
becomes a real possibility.<br />
Real word changes can start<br />
from major updates, passing<br />
through Admin postal code<br />
changes, neighborhood expansion<br />
to traffic road closure.<br />
Major Updates are changes affecting<br />
major communication<br />
arteries, or changes requested by<br />
customers regarding e.g. Points<br />
of Interest. These changes are<br />
crucial for the mobility experience,<br />
for our customers and<br />
the end users, who are always at<br />
the core of our business.<br />
The Local Change Detection<br />
Team detects changes through<br />
different sources of data such as<br />
Media monitoring, GPS Probe<br />
Points, Satellite images, local<br />
knowledge and many other data<br />
flows. These detected real world<br />
changes then proceed to feed<br />
different tools assisting in the<br />
update of HERE maps.<br />
Team members are in contact<br />
with local authorities and government<br />
agencies, to receive<br />
updates, thus transforming information<br />
into data available in<br />
our HERE maps as well.<br />
The hidden complexity in creating<br />
a digital clone of reality covering<br />
more than 400 navigable<br />
attributes, geometry, 2D and<br />
3D building footprints could<br />
easily be mistaken for magic.<br />
The challenge is to identify the<br />
information that matters most,<br />
in a flood of millions of articles<br />
produced every day. To achieve<br />
these optimal results HERE<br />
digests thousands of articles<br />
per week using in house software<br />
solutions combined with<br />
Machine Learning algorithms.<br />
In this way we guarantee competitiveness<br />
in what we produce<br />
and release.<br />
The process never ceases and is<br />
a cardinal step for HERE map<br />
maintenance, providing value<br />
in areas that are also updated by<br />
other detections methodologies<br />
and processes. Additionally, innovation<br />
and improvements are<br />
a crucial part of our journey.<br />
By definition a map is a symbolic<br />
representation of selected<br />
characteristics of a place, usually<br />
drawn on a flat surface. Maps<br />
present information about the<br />
world in a simple, visual way.<br />
They teach us about the world<br />
by showing sizes and shapes, locations,<br />
features and distances.<br />
We would like this representation<br />
in our HERE maps to<br />
provide a service that everyone<br />
can enjoy with a truly enjoyable<br />
navigation experience, in real<br />
time.<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
Modern map-making and maintenance require the normalization<br />
and conflation of combined datasets from many<br />
different sources and channels. All of this ensures the freshness<br />
and competitiveness of HERE maps.<br />
KEY WORDS<br />
Mapping, Cartography, HERE<br />
AUTHOR<br />
Maria Elena Ceci<br />
Communication & Learning Lead for<br />
Local Data Intelligence Team at HERE<br />
MARIA-ELENA.CECI@HERE.COM<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 19
AUGMENTED REALITY<br />
ARCHITECTURE & RESTORATION:<br />
XR TECNOLOGY<br />
AR-VR-MR APPLICATIONS ARE THE PREREQUISITES<br />
FOR ACTIVATING NEW MODELS OF PARTICIPATORY<br />
DESIGN AND INNOVATIVE PRODUCTION AND VISUAL<br />
COMMUNICATION PROCESSES OF THE PROJECT.<br />
XR 2020:<br />
News & Events<br />
by Tiziana Primavera<br />
Innovative Tech<br />
Evangelist - AR/VR<br />
senior expert<br />
Augmented Reality, a<br />
young computer discipline<br />
that deals with the superimpression<br />
of digital content<br />
to the observed real world, has<br />
the appropriate requirements<br />
to guarantee a good threshold<br />
of interactivity to applications<br />
dedicated to the design and use<br />
Example application of markerless geolocalized AR (Byod experience)<br />
of spaces in general, whether<br />
they are designed or virtually<br />
rebuilt, completely distorting<br />
the usual and limited paradigm,<br />
now consolidated, of the classic<br />
desktop configuration, mouse,<br />
keyboard.<br />
Augmented Reality is a computer<br />
discipline that studies projective<br />
systems able to increase<br />
reality with digital content, it<br />
could be defined as the ability<br />
to superimpose on reality observed<br />
by the subject a set of information<br />
related to the context.<br />
In summary, the perception of<br />
an Augmented Reality user is<br />
implemented, "augmented" by<br />
the presence of digital objects in<br />
its field of view, enriching the<br />
observed view with additional<br />
information of any complex<br />
contents of 3D graphics (threedimensional<br />
objects - 3D animations)<br />
or more elementary<br />
(two-dimensional type: video<br />
- infographic data)<br />
Therefore, in a sensory overcoming<br />
made possible thanks to<br />
the computer system implemented,<br />
Reale and Virtual apparently<br />
coexist in the observed scene<br />
and the user of the interactive<br />
visual experience thus conceived,<br />
can move quietly in the<br />
real space, thus comfortably<br />
observing virtual objects from<br />
various points of view, in the<br />
desired scale, also therefore on<br />
the natural scale 1 :1.<br />
It should be pointed out that in<br />
more advanced applications, not<br />
augmented reality, but Mixed<br />
Reality with the integration<br />
into the system of appropriate<br />
sensors, sensory overrun can be<br />
extended as well as to the view<br />
to the simulated touch, or the<br />
user active in the experience,<br />
can not only visually inspect the<br />
three-dimensional digital object<br />
placed in real-time mode in the<br />
desired Real Space , but also to<br />
move it as it pleases, raising the<br />
level of potential interactivity.<br />
Mainly immersive technologies<br />
such as Virtual Reality and<br />
interactive such as Augmented<br />
reality, have found happy application<br />
in multiple and heterogeneous<br />
contexts of use, both<br />
at the entreprise leveland in the<br />
various professional application<br />
areas (training on the job, maintenancecontexts,<br />
site management,<br />
interactive communication-presentation<br />
of projects on<br />
aplanimetric basis at the desired<br />
scale or on-site at the real scale,<br />
20 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
AUGMENTED REALITY<br />
enhancement of archaeological<br />
assets, etc.). The display of these<br />
"three-dimensional digital holograms"<br />
can take place via tablet/<br />
smartphone or wearable device<br />
(technological headsets).<br />
AR in the architectural sector<br />
In building contexts, augmented<br />
reality can be particularly<br />
functional in the visualization<br />
of projects under construction<br />
and in the visualization of the<br />
operations to be carried out on<br />
site. It can be used for on-site<br />
project analysis and to identify<br />
potential problems by visually<br />
inspecting the completedmodel<br />
or in itsconstituent, architectural<br />
and plant engineering<br />
parts.<br />
The computer-generated digital<br />
structure can be superimposed<br />
on the real environment in<br />
which it will be built, before it<br />
happens, thus making possible<br />
design errors evident during<br />
thepreliminary phase of visual<br />
control with huge economic savings,<br />
allowing you to save a lot<br />
of financial resources before any<br />
construction work begins.<br />
Land soon companies able to<br />
use augmented reality to visualize<br />
georeferenced construction<br />
site models, underground structures,<br />
cablesand tubactions,<br />
simply by using BYOD (mobile<br />
devices) technologies.<br />
In this way, the construction<br />
problems can be reviewed and<br />
actively collaborated on useful<br />
changes between design and<br />
construction.<br />
But this technology can also be<br />
interesting to support design<br />
operations in the architect's<br />
studio and in remotely participatory<br />
design, being able to<br />
intervene on the same digital<br />
plastic, although operating in<br />
separate studios.<br />
Clearly being a visual technology,<br />
its killer application<br />
consists in communicating the<br />
project to the customer, which<br />
Project viewable on site in scale 1:1, inspectable and modifiable in real - time mode<br />
can be implemented in different<br />
ways, at the desired scale,<br />
displaying a simple floor plan<br />
or at the real scale, to allow interactive<br />
walktroughs to the customer<br />
in the three-dimensional<br />
space, sometimes using mixed<br />
AR-VR applications.<br />
The user experience can be improved<br />
with AR applications,<br />
allowing not only to visualize<br />
objects and layouts within a<br />
building to better understand<br />
the space planning and project<br />
display, but also allowing them<br />
to display in real-time mode<br />
Integration of the AR system - Bim data for prefiguring the overall dimensions.<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 21
AUGMENTED REALITY<br />
Interactive mixed reality application, two designers, albeit remotely, are placed in the condition of being able to<br />
modify the morphology of the project (Microsoft application)<br />
different finishes or furnishings<br />
or distribution layout options<br />
foreshadowed appropriately.<br />
AUGMENTED REALITY FOR<br />
INTERACTIVE ON-SITE<br />
FORESHADOWINGS AND DI-<br />
GITAL PLASTICS IN THE RE-<br />
STORATION SECTORS<br />
The powerful representative potential<br />
of AR technology therefore<br />
allows, even in professional<br />
contexts oriented to the restoration<br />
and restoration of bodies of<br />
high historical and architectural<br />
value, to be able to offer an<br />
exact three-dimensional foreshadowing<br />
of the various predefined<br />
intervention concepts<br />
directly on-site and in real-time<br />
mode, as if they were photorealist<br />
holograms perfectly consistent<br />
Mixed reality application (Hololens device)<br />
with pre-existence, constantly<br />
recorded from the point of view<br />
of the observer, in order to be<br />
able to evaluate with greater<br />
accuracy the design or technical<br />
aesthetic solution considered<br />
optimal and more responsive<br />
to the essential specifies of the<br />
historical-architectural context<br />
of intervention.<br />
The orientation of the type of<br />
restoration to be undertaken<br />
clearly depends on a series of<br />
factors that go to frame in detail<br />
the structure on which to intervene,<br />
its conditions, the type of<br />
intervention and its complexity,<br />
Augmented Reality Technology<br />
allows a particular and more<br />
exhaustive verification, thanks<br />
to the accurate interactive visualization,<br />
since it takes place di-<br />
rectly on the building organism<br />
subject to the intervention.<br />
By innovatively introducing the<br />
"third dimension" and where<br />
necessary the photorealistic<br />
rendering of materials, it guarantees<br />
the technician and the<br />
client to be able to implement<br />
a critical-evaluation analysis of<br />
the MOST accurate and more<br />
exhaustive intervention in terms<br />
of technical and perceptual verification.<br />
This clearly represents a substantial<br />
progress and a dialectical<br />
overcoming of the previous<br />
visual communication methods<br />
of the previous generation<br />
project (rendering, post-production<br />
video photomontages, desktop-walktrough)<br />
characterized<br />
by the simple two-dimensional<br />
nature and the constrained view<br />
of use.<br />
IMMERSIVE TECHNOLOGIES<br />
TO SUPPORT THE KNOWLED-<br />
GE AND DIAGNOSIS OF THE<br />
BUILDING ORGANISM<br />
Potential and further application<br />
contexts of contemporary<br />
visual technologies are also<br />
foreshadowed to support the<br />
different phases of the design<br />
process characteristic of restoration<br />
interventions, such as<br />
those related to the knowledge<br />
and diagnosis of the building<br />
organism.<br />
In fact, the project of the recovery<br />
/restoration interventions<br />
requires, as a preliminary step,<br />
the qualification and evaluation<br />
of the morpho-typological,<br />
material-constructive, technicaltechnological<br />
characteristics, the<br />
conservation status and residual<br />
performance, because of relief,<br />
investigations, and analysis in<br />
situ.<br />
Thanks to Virtual Reality techniques<br />
it is also possible to systemoticize<br />
the different information<br />
/ data / data sheets etc.<br />
identifying a tool that collects<br />
22 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
AUGMENTED REALITY<br />
and shares accurate representations<br />
of the state of the places<br />
and documents of multiple<br />
origins.<br />
The technology is able to support<br />
the development of virtual<br />
tours thanks to interactive<br />
hotspots that geoloize spherical<br />
photos. In immersive display<br />
mode, available through VR<br />
headsets.<br />
It is possible to configure a virtual<br />
tour of 360° panoramas, to<br />
simulate in an immersive way,<br />
the direct use and visual survey<br />
of the state of the places, returning<br />
the intuitive-immersive<br />
perception of the spatiality and<br />
materiality of the building.<br />
In more advanced and interactive<br />
VR systems, with a view to<br />
outlining a complete cognitive<br />
framework, with an important<br />
transversal role with respect to<br />
the design, implementation and<br />
control of conservative actions<br />
of architectural heritage, it is<br />
also possible to relate to the<br />
aforementioned digital environment<br />
the various multiple<br />
and heterogeneous survey data<br />
produced in advance, making<br />
them accessible and easily accessible.<br />
KEYWORDS<br />
Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality,<br />
Participatory Design<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
The scenarios that characterize the evolution<br />
of the professions related to technical<br />
design/representation in the light of the<br />
new interactive visualization technologies<br />
are outlined.<br />
AUTHOR<br />
Tiziana Primavera<br />
tiziana.primavera@unier.it<br />
AR Advisor, Ph.D.<br />
www.gter.it<br />
info@gter.it<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-2020 23
MERCATO<br />
24 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
NEWS<br />
Lima, Peru<br />
Lima, the capital and largest<br />
city of Peru, is featured in this Copernicus<br />
Sentinel-2 image. The commercial and industrial centre<br />
of Peru, Lima is located on the mostly flat terrain in the Peruvian<br />
coastal plain, within the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers.<br />
The city is bordered on the east by the foothills of the Andes Mountains and<br />
on the west by the Pacific Ocean. Lima can be seen directly on the south bank of<br />
the Rímac River, which flows for around 200 km through the Lima Region, before<br />
emptying near Callao – a seaside city and port in the Lima metropolitan area (the largest<br />
metropolitan area of Peru). Lima’s historical centre was declared a UNESCO World Heritage<br />
Site in 1988 owing to its large number of historical buildings dating from the Spanish colonial<br />
era. One of the most notable characteristics of Lima is the barren desert that surrounds the city,<br />
with the sand supporting little to no plant life, with the exception of where water has been artificially<br />
provided. Although Lima is located at a tropical latitude, the cool offshore Humboldt Current<br />
(also known as the Peru Current) produces a year-round temperate climate. The cooling of the coastal<br />
air mass produces thick cloud cover throughout winter and the dense sea mist, known locally as garúa,<br />
often rolls in to blanket the city. In this image, captured on 20 April 2020, several cloud formations<br />
can be seen dotted along the coast. Callao is Peru’s main seaport and home to its main airport, Jorge<br />
Chávez International Airport. Several small boats and vessels can be seen near the port. Callao has<br />
several islands: San Lorenzo Island (currently used as a military base), El Frontón (a former high<br />
security prison), the Cavinzas Islands, and the Palomino Islands, where numerous sea lions and<br />
sea birds live. The Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission consists of a pair of twin satellites that orbit<br />
Earth once every 100 minutes, together imaging a path on Earth’s surface 580 kilometres<br />
wide. The satellites observe in 13 spectral bands – from visible to infrared light – giving<br />
various perspectives on land and vegetation. This means that the mission can<br />
be used to retrieve a wealth of different information about Earth’s surface.<br />
(Source: ESA - Image of the week: "Lima, Peru")<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 25
REPORT<br />
DEEPCUBE: Explainable AI<br />
Pipelines for Big Copernicus Data<br />
by Chiara Gervasi, Alessia Ferrari, Ioannis Papoutsis, Souzana Touloumtzi<br />
DeepCube is a Horizon 2020<br />
project implemented by 9<br />
European partners coordinated<br />
by the National Observatory<br />
of Athens. It will unlock the<br />
potential of big Copernicus data<br />
with Artificial Intelligence and<br />
Semantic Web technologies,<br />
aiming to address problems of<br />
high socio-environmental impact.<br />
Figure 1: DeepCube implementation workflow from technology development to demonstration in Use Cases.<br />
According to the recently<br />
published (19 June<br />
2020) European White<br />
Paper on Artificial Intelligence<br />
(https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/<br />
default/files/commission-whitepaper-artificial-intelligencefeb2020_en.pdf),<br />
Artificial<br />
Intelligence (AI) is a strategic<br />
technology that, among other<br />
things, “offers important efficiency<br />
and productivity gains<br />
that can strengthen the competitiveness<br />
of European industry<br />
and improve the wellbeing of<br />
citizens”, while “it can also<br />
contribute to finding solutions<br />
to some of the most pressing<br />
societal challenges, including<br />
the fight against climate change<br />
and environmental degradation,<br />
and the challenges linked to<br />
sustainability and demographic<br />
changes”. The same paper<br />
acknowledges Earth Observation<br />
(EO) and space as domains<br />
in which the race for global leadership<br />
is open.<br />
DeepCube (https://deepcubeh2020.eu/)<br />
is a 3-year (January<br />
<strong>2021</strong> - December 2023) Horizon<br />
2020 project that leverages<br />
advances in the fields of AI and<br />
Semantic Web to unlock the<br />
potential of the vast amounts<br />
of data produced by the Copernicus<br />
program. DeepCube has<br />
the goal to address problems of<br />
high environmental and societal<br />
impact while enhancing our understanding<br />
of Earth’s processes<br />
correlated with Climate Change,<br />
in order to respond to the<br />
urgent challenges addressed by<br />
the EU Green Deal. To achieve<br />
this, the project develops an<br />
open, scalable and interoperable<br />
platform, integrating novel<br />
Information and Communication<br />
Technologies such as the<br />
Earth System Data Cube, the<br />
Semantic Cube, the Hopsworks<br />
platform for distributed Deep<br />
Learning, and state-of-the-art<br />
data visualization tools, providing<br />
solutions for all phases of<br />
an EO-based AI pipeline, from<br />
data ingestion and organization<br />
in data cubes, to feature engineering,<br />
semantic reasoning<br />
and visualization. In addition,<br />
DeepCube tests a hybrid modeling<br />
approach for Earth System<br />
Science, combining data-driven<br />
modeling bound by physical<br />
parameters, further enhanced<br />
through explainable AI and<br />
Causality for “physics-aware” AI<br />
applications.<br />
Contextual background<br />
DeepCube contributes to the<br />
European Commission's Destination<br />
Earth, an initiative that<br />
aspires to create a digital model<br />
of the Earth’s physical resources,<br />
to help us plan and prepare for<br />
major environmental degradation<br />
and disasters due to Climate<br />
Change. To support this,<br />
the European Space Agency<br />
has put forward the concept of<br />
Digital Twin Earth to develop a<br />
dynamic, digital replica of our<br />
planet. A model powered by<br />
observations that provides an<br />
accurate representation of the<br />
26 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
REPORT<br />
Figure 2: TRE Altamira’s wide area monitoring over different countries around the world -<br />
the UK, Denmark, France and Japan.<br />
The Copernicus program<br />
The Copernicus Earth Observation program,<br />
providing free, open, and high<br />
quality data about our planet at large<br />
scales, is believed to be a game changer<br />
for both science and the industry. Today,<br />
Copernicus is producing 15 terabytes of<br />
data every day, while every product is<br />
downloaded on average 10 times. However,<br />
the availability of the sheer volume<br />
of Copernicus data outstrips our capacity<br />
to extract meaningful information. That<br />
is why the Earth Observation community<br />
is in need of technology enablers to propel<br />
the development of entirely new applications<br />
at scale.<br />
past, present and future changes<br />
of our planet to support us in<br />
preparing a better response to<br />
future challenges.<br />
We consider DeepCube as a<br />
showcase of the Digital Twin<br />
Earth potential, addressing all<br />
of its elements from data to<br />
infrastructure, to technology,<br />
to Research & Development,<br />
to new business models, with<br />
Artificial Intelligence and big<br />
Copernicus data at its core.<br />
DeepCube is driven by the<br />
scientific and business questions<br />
behind its Use Cases. What makes<br />
its applications different is<br />
that they serve non-traditional<br />
use cases, penetrate untapped<br />
markets, exploit unique datasets<br />
and employ new AI architectures.<br />
The DeepCube Use Cases<br />
Five Use Cases (UCs) have<br />
been designed by DeepCube’s<br />
partners to showcase the innovative<br />
technologies used in this<br />
project: two on business, two<br />
on earth system sciences, and<br />
one on migration.<br />
UC1: Forecasting localized extreme<br />
drought and heat impacts<br />
in Africa<br />
UC2: Climate induced migration<br />
in Africa<br />
UC3: Fire hazard short-term forecasting<br />
in the Mediterranean<br />
UC4a: Automatic volcanic<br />
deformation detection and alerting<br />
UC4b: Deformation trend<br />
change detection on PSI timeseries<br />
for critical infrastructure<br />
monitoring<br />
UC5: Copernicus services for<br />
sustainable and environmentally-friendly<br />
tourism<br />
[UC4 is under the umbrella of<br />
SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar)<br />
Figure 3: TRE Altamira’s UC4b schematic.<br />
interferometry and consists of the<br />
smaller-scale UC4a on volcanic<br />
risk reduction and the larger-scale<br />
UC4b that integrates measurements<br />
from in-situ geodetic and<br />
other information with InSAR<br />
(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture<br />
Radar) time-series].<br />
The UCs are the core of DeepCube<br />
and drive the development<br />
on both the technology<br />
and the research sides. The<br />
project approach is to co-design<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 27
REPORT<br />
the UCs together with their<br />
beneficiaries and ensure that the<br />
outcomes fit their needs and<br />
decision-making processes.<br />
Drought and heat waves, due<br />
to their frequent occurrence in<br />
the last decade, are expected to<br />
become even more frequent in<br />
the future, as the corresponding<br />
persistent weather situations<br />
become more and more probable.<br />
UC1 puts on the table the<br />
following questions to respond,<br />
using AI on big EO data: Which<br />
are the spatial factors that yield<br />
impact susceptibility versus resilience<br />
to meteorological drought<br />
and heat waves? Can we predict<br />
localized impacts given coarse<br />
scale meteorological information?<br />
Can we employ advanced ML<br />
solutions to model the spatiotemporal<br />
drought impact by combining<br />
this with a physical approach<br />
in a hybrid model? What are<br />
the anticipated long-term effects<br />
of drought and heat?<br />
UC2 aims to uncover how<br />
extreme weather conditions<br />
cause internal displacement and<br />
whether any other drivers are<br />
playing a role, related or not,<br />
to Climate Change. Through<br />
modern observational causal<br />
inference models, UC2 will be<br />
designed to understand, quantify,<br />
and predict migration flow<br />
effects from socio-economic<br />
contextual information as well<br />
as from environmental variables<br />
extracted from EO data.<br />
Wildfires are a very impactful<br />
hazard affecting natural ecosystems<br />
and manmade infrastructures,<br />
causing in extreme cases<br />
human life losses. It is expected<br />
in the future that fire danger<br />
will increase, affecting even<br />
northern latitudes and evergreen<br />
tropical forests. The goal of<br />
UC3 is to model fire hazards<br />
in multiple temporal scales,<br />
providing short-term (e.g.<br />
hourly), mid-term (e.g. weekly,<br />
monthly) and long-term (e.g.<br />
seasonal) predictions of the best<br />
possible accuracy to interested<br />
users.<br />
At any given moment, several<br />
volcanoes worldwide are<br />
erupting, while there are more<br />
than 1,500 volcanoes capable<br />
of reawakening and creating<br />
severe or even catastrophic impacts<br />
to society. Historical data<br />
from eruptions indicate that<br />
they are almost always preceded<br />
by volcanic unrest. Therefore,<br />
early warning based on detected<br />
volcanic unrest could be of<br />
great importance for civil protection<br />
authorities, enhancing<br />
their response effectiveness and<br />
allowing for scientists to deploy<br />
critical in-situ monitoring<br />
equipment to assess volcanic<br />
hazards more accurately. UC4a<br />
adopts a novel DL method,<br />
which has not been explored<br />
before in EO problems, to<br />
detect deformation associated<br />
with volcanic activity using<br />
SAR complex imagery.<br />
Tourism is one of the pillars of<br />
the modern economy. It constitutes<br />
more than 10% of global<br />
GDP. The number of international<br />
tourists is forecasted to<br />
rise to 1,8 billion in 2030, making<br />
it crucial to find efficient<br />
ways to handle this growth,<br />
preserve the fragile destinations,<br />
and adapt to the increasing demand<br />
over limited hospitality<br />
infrastructures. Additionally,<br />
more than 65% of European<br />
travelers have declared that<br />
they are striving to make their<br />
travels more sustainable but do<br />
not find the right information<br />
or the possibility to assess their<br />
environmental footprint.<br />
UC5's goal is to design a pricing<br />
engine for hotel rooms and<br />
tour packages purchases independent<br />
from the major reservation<br />
platforms and incorporate<br />
the environmental dimension<br />
for sustainable tourism.<br />
UC4b- Deformation trend<br />
change detection on PSI time<br />
series for critical infrastructure<br />
monitoring<br />
TRE Altamira (TREA) is a<br />
global leader in InSAR derived<br />
services and a pioneer in<br />
developing new products from<br />
satellite SAR data. Born as an<br />
independent company in 2000,<br />
TRE was funded by Politecnico<br />
of Milan to market the first PSI<br />
(Persistent Scatterer Interferometry)<br />
technique worldwide<br />
and in 2016, it merged with Altamira,<br />
an InSAR service company<br />
too. Since then, TREA<br />
employs advanced InSAR techniques<br />
to measure ground motion<br />
and structural movement<br />
from space. In more than 20<br />
years of experience, TREA has<br />
analyzed over 5,000,000 km2<br />
in the world and carried out<br />
1,000+ projects in various market<br />
sectors such as civil engineering,<br />
oil & gas, mining, and natural<br />
hazards. Several critical infrastructure<br />
projects have been<br />
conducted all over the world to<br />
support engineers during the<br />
phases of planning, designing,<br />
and construction. Today, using<br />
its proprietary SqueeSAR® algorithm,<br />
TREA can provide surface<br />
displacement maps over large<br />
or small areas.<br />
When asked to join the DeepCube<br />
project, TREA was<br />
thrilled to contribute to the<br />
challenge of exploiting the mass<br />
amount of Sentinel-1 SAR data<br />
combined with in-situ geodetic<br />
and other measurements with<br />
the final goal of creating a commercial<br />
service to monitor critical<br />
infrastructure at large scales.<br />
The rationale behind:<br />
The Copernicus Sentinel-1 (S1)<br />
SAR mission has turned out to<br />
be a game changer for the EO<br />
community. This twin platform<br />
constellation provides wide-scale,<br />
systematic (every 6 days) and<br />
free-access imagery over most of<br />
28 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
REPORT<br />
the globe. Any single S1 image<br />
covers a 250x250 km2-area and<br />
is delivered within one hour<br />
from acquisition. This can be<br />
considered as a significant improvement<br />
over existing SAR<br />
systems.<br />
Advanced InSAR technology is<br />
used to produce deformation<br />
maps from satellite SAR imagery<br />
with millimetric-precision.<br />
Thanks to S1 revisit time,<br />
deformation maps can be delivered<br />
to end-users on a regular<br />
basis, providing average velocity<br />
displacement rates of Persistent<br />
Scatter points and their associated<br />
displacement time series.<br />
Each deliverable consists of a<br />
layer of hundreds of thousands<br />
of measurement points and can<br />
be compared to previous layers<br />
to detect ground surface instability<br />
over large areas. The availability<br />
and accessibility to mass<br />
amounts of S1 data, combined<br />
with cloud-based solutions,<br />
enable TREA to deliver nationwide<br />
InSAR measurement<br />
databases providing millions of<br />
measurement points and their<br />
associated time series of displacement<br />
at each update.<br />
How can we help end-users best<br />
understand and make use of this<br />
mass of information?<br />
How can we contribute to the creation<br />
of a novel service that meets<br />
the monitoring requirements of a<br />
specific market sector?<br />
Through the MATTCH project<br />
(ESA Open Call for Science,<br />
2019), TREA has already<br />
implemented Deep Learning<br />
based methodologies to mass<br />
amount of S1 data to detect<br />
changes in time series trends for<br />
data screening purposes. So far,<br />
hotspots can be identified but<br />
no reason about driving mechanisms<br />
for these trend changes is<br />
given to end-users.<br />
With DeepCube and the UC,<br />
TREA intends to further advance<br />
the state of the art reached<br />
in the MATTCH project.<br />
TREA will develop new Deep<br />
Learning architectures for trend<br />
change detection from dense<br />
InSAR point time series- this<br />
time combined with industrial<br />
geodetic (GNSS) and other measurements<br />
to identify clusters<br />
of points sharing key attributes<br />
or features for critical infrastructure<br />
monitoring at a large<br />
scale. An Italian civil engineering<br />
group will contribute to<br />
the development of the UC by<br />
providing in-situ measurements<br />
over sample areas along a strategic<br />
infrastructure in Italy.<br />
Conclusion<br />
DeepCube addresses problems<br />
that require quantitative estimation<br />
of geophysical variables.<br />
For this purpose, a hybrid modeling<br />
approach for geophysical<br />
parameters estimation will be<br />
tested, where data driven modeling<br />
bound by physical models,<br />
AI applications, and Causality<br />
are combined.<br />
DeepCube is exploiting nonspace<br />
data, linking other information<br />
sources such as social<br />
media, industrial and socioeconomic<br />
data to satellite data<br />
in order to create new value<br />
chains.<br />
Also, DeepCube is tackling<br />
AI problems that use satellite<br />
InSAR data. Sentinel-1 SAR<br />
archive is the richest asset that<br />
remains hugely underexploited<br />
by the scientific community<br />
when it comes to AI-based<br />
applications, and DeepCube is<br />
addressing this gap.<br />
The DeepCube platform is a<br />
unique legacy that will be developed<br />
as an open source suitable<br />
to be deployed in different<br />
cloud environments. To our<br />
knowledge, this will be the first<br />
time that such an end-to-end<br />
platform will become available,<br />
tailored for the processing of<br />
big Copernicus data and made<br />
available to the community to<br />
reuse and extend.<br />
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS<br />
Partners:<br />
National Observatory of Athens, Greece<br />
(https://www.noa.gr/)<br />
Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry,<br />
Germany (https://www.bgc-jena.mpg.de/<br />
index.php/Main/HomePage)<br />
University of Valencia, Spain (https://<br />
www.uv.es/uvweb/college/en/universityvalencia-1285845048380.html)<br />
Logical Clocks, Sweden (https://www.<br />
logicalclocks.com/)<br />
National and Kapodistrian University of<br />
Athens, Greece (https://en.uoa.gr/)<br />
Gael Systems, France (https://www.gaelsystems.com/)<br />
Tre Altamira, Italy (https://site.tre-altamira.<br />
com/)<br />
Infalia, Greece (http://infalia.gr/)<br />
Murmuration, France (https://murmuration-sas.com/)<br />
METAKEYS<br />
Artificial Intelligence, Deep learning,<br />
Machine learning, Earth observation,<br />
Climate change<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
DeepCube is a 3-year Horizon 2020<br />
project that leverages advances in the fields<br />
of Artificial Intelligence and Semantic Web<br />
to unlock the potential of big Copernicus<br />
data. Its goal is to address problems of high<br />
socio-environmental impact and enhance<br />
our understanding of Earth’s processes<br />
correlated with Climate Change. To achieve<br />
this, the project employs mature ICT<br />
technologies, integrating them into a scalable,<br />
open and interoperable platform that<br />
provides solutions for all phases of an Earth<br />
Observation based AI pipeline. The Deep-<br />
Cube technologies will be demonstrated in<br />
five Use Cases.<br />
AUTHOR<br />
Chiara Gervasi, TRE Altamira<br />
(chiara.gervasi@tre-altamira.com)<br />
Alessia Ferrari, TRE Altamira<br />
(alessia.ferrari@tre-altamira.com)<br />
Ioannis Papoutsis,<br />
National Observatory of Athens<br />
(ipapoutsis@noa.gr)<br />
Souzana Touloumtzi,<br />
National Observatory of Athens<br />
(stouloumtzi@noa.gr)<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 29
MERCATO<br />
ASI STARTS THE EX-<br />
PLOITATION PHASE<br />
OF DATA ACQUIRED IN<br />
EUROPE BY THE L BAND<br />
SAR SENSOR OF THE<br />
ARGENTINEAN SAOCOM<br />
CONSTELLATION ‣<br />
Starting from July 20th, ASI will<br />
accept registration requests submitted by the scientific, institutional<br />
and commercial community (only for non-commercial purposes),<br />
both Italian and International, allowing the access to the<br />
SAOCOM products acquired in the geographic zone in which<br />
ASI has full utilization rights (Zone of Exclusivity). It roughly<br />
corresponds to the European territory. Anyone can be part of<br />
the growing community of users of SAOCOM products in the<br />
ASI Zone of Exclusivity through a simple registration operation,<br />
by accepting the License (Terms and Conditions for use of the<br />
products of the SAOCOM mission), releasing a liability declaration<br />
and compiling a membership registration form with the<br />
personal info as well as a brief description of the project in which<br />
the SAOCOM data are intended to be used. For accessing the<br />
products it is sufficient to download the SAOCOM Registration<br />
Data Package and submit via email a registration request. Further<br />
details can be found in the SAOCOM membership guide inside<br />
the above-mentioned package. SAOCOM data will be accessed<br />
and disseminated through a dedicated ASI SAOCOM<br />
portal, based on a customized version of the DHuS system, that<br />
has been originally developed by ESA as the backbone of the EC<br />
Copernicus data distribution to users.<br />
The ASI SAOCOM portal currently contains only a subset of<br />
all the products available in the Zone of Exclusivity but it will be<br />
increasingly populated in next weeks.<br />
Starting from July 20th, ASI will accept registration requests<br />
submitted by the scientific, institutional and commercial community<br />
(only for non-commercial purposes), both Italian and<br />
International, allowing the access to the SAOCOM products<br />
acquired in the geographic zone in which ASI has full utilization<br />
rights (Zone of Exclusivity). It roughly corresponds to the<br />
European territory. Anyone can be part of the growing community<br />
of users of SAOCOM products in the ASI Zone of Exclusivity<br />
through a simple registration operation, by accepting the License<br />
(Terms and Conditions for use of the products of the SAOCOM<br />
mission), releasing a liability declaration and compiling a membership<br />
registration form with the personal info as well as a brief<br />
description of the project in which the SAOCOM data are intended<br />
to be used. For accessing the products it is sufficient to<br />
download the SAOCOM Registration Data Package and submit<br />
via email a registration request. Further details can be found in<br />
the SAOCOM membership guide inside the above-mentioned<br />
package. SAOCOM data will be accessed and disseminated<br />
through a dedicated ASI SAOCOM portal, based on a customized<br />
version of the DHuS system, that has been originally developed<br />
by ESA as the backbone of the EC Copernicus data distribution<br />
to users. The ASI SAOCOM portal currently contains only<br />
a subset of all the products available in the Zone of Exclusivity but<br />
it will be increasingly populated in next weeks.<br />
https://www.asi.it/en/earth-science/saocom/<br />
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Il software è disponibile sulla piattaforma Android e porta le<br />
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di mappe, supporti per la realtà aumentata e molto altro.<br />
30 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong><br />
XPad Ultimate ti assicura la produttività e ti permette di avere una<br />
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geomax-positioning.it<br />
©2020 Hexagon AB and/or its subsidiaries<br />
and affiliates. All rights reserved.
NEWS<br />
IDS GEORADAR ANNOUNCES IQMAPS<br />
ENHANCEMENT<br />
IDS GeoRadar, part of Hexagon, today announces that<br />
it has enhanced IQMaps, its post-processing software<br />
application for advanced GPR data analysis. The updated<br />
version includes new functionalities that improve<br />
the visualisation of radar data and extend the application<br />
fields to void detection and archaeology.<br />
New functionalities in the updated version of IQMaps<br />
improve the visualisation of radar data.<br />
Thanks to these new functionalities, IQMaps now allows:<br />
• Multi-shape area picking for 3D mapping of sinkholes,<br />
inspection chambers and other generic buried<br />
objects<br />
• Automatic exporting of radar map sections with user<br />
defined length and statistical data for comprehensive<br />
reporting functionality<br />
• Overlaying of multiple vector layers such as cadastral,<br />
as-built and DBYD plans onto the tomography drawings<br />
• Improving initial survey positioning by using external<br />
survey data.<br />
The main advantage of multi-shape area picking is the<br />
ability to mark a 3D area both on the B-scan radar map<br />
and the tomography. This feature allows the user to select<br />
areas for 3D mapping of all identified voids and<br />
anomalies.<br />
The software now allows for the simultaneous export<br />
of multiple radar maps with user-defined lengths with<br />
detected features on these maps also exported in .csv<br />
format. This allows for more streamlined reporting and<br />
statistical analysis.<br />
The ability to import multiple overlapping vector layers<br />
such as DBYD plans and as-built drawings over<br />
the tomographic map, greatly aids the user during data<br />
analysis and interpretation.<br />
Users can now import external trajectories such as<br />
Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) corrected GNSS or<br />
post-processed GNSS data into IQMaps after the survey<br />
is completed. This enables the user to correct positioning<br />
data that may originally have been inaccurate<br />
due to poor floating GNSS signal in tunnels or under<br />
bridges.<br />
“IQMaps has reached a significant milestone in its evolution,“<br />
says Davide Morandi, Director GPR Product<br />
Management at IDS GeoRadar. “With this update,<br />
IQMaps stays ahead of the curve, offering new functionalities<br />
that make 3D mapping even easier and more<br />
efficient for our existing customers, and allows specialists<br />
in new fields to benefit from its seamless mapping<br />
workflow.”<br />
The IQMaps update is rolled out with the new software<br />
version 1.3.<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 31
MERCATO<br />
PRISMA MONITORS OREGON LOG FIRE<br />
Acquired by PRISMA satellite (PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione<br />
Applicativa) on 17 July <strong>2021</strong>, false color image which includes both visible<br />
and infrared light, captured a large portion of burn scar and active<br />
areas. The vegetation appears in shades of red and bare ground in shades<br />
of tan. The burned areas appear black dark and the smoke from active fire<br />
front in blueish. The image, that covers an area of 30 by 30 Kilometers, has<br />
been acquired in the framework of the ASI project “Sviluppo di Prodotti<br />
Iperspettrali Prototipali Evoluti” whose main objective is to define the development<br />
plan for a subset of L3 / L4 value-added products to be retrieved<br />
by means of hyperspectral data processing and to prototype them. The<br />
required data are used for the development of several prototypes among<br />
which the Forest Fire Front that reports the localization of active fires,<br />
based on the ionization at flaming temperature of the Potassium contained<br />
in biomass burning.<br />
Data/Information generated by Stefania Amici-Istituto Nazionale di<br />
Geofisica e Vulcanologia and Volcanology (INGV) under an ASI License<br />
to Use; Original PRISMA Product - © ASI – (<strong>2021</strong>). All rights reserved<br />
IDS GEORADAR<br />
ANNOUNCES<br />
IQMAPS EN-<br />
HANCEMENT<br />
Two global leaders<br />
in Geospatial and<br />
Earth Observation<br />
data and services,<br />
e-GEOS, an Italian<br />
Space Agency (ASI-<br />
20%) and Telespazio<br />
(80%) company,<br />
and ISI (ImageSat<br />
International), a<br />
world leader in<br />
space-based intelligence<br />
solutions,<br />
have announced a<br />
partnership to form<br />
the world’s most capable<br />
commercial<br />
ELECTRO Optical-SAR earth observation satellite constellation.<br />
e-GEOS and ISI have established a strategic alliance, by<br />
bringing together the world-class satellite assets of both companies<br />
to form a High Revisit- Ultra High Resolution EO-<br />
SAR constellation that will propose to the market the best<br />
assets synergy to match the market's ever evolving operational<br />
needs.<br />
The virtual joint constellation is presently comprised out<br />
of 8 ultra-high-performance satellites data including five<br />
COSMO-SkyMed and COSMO-SkyMed second generation<br />
dual use SAR satellites - owned by the Italian Space<br />
Agency (ASI) and the Italian Ministry of Defence, for which<br />
e-GEOS is exclusive global distributor worldwide - and ISI<br />
three EROS Next Generation ELECTRO Optical ultra-highresolution<br />
satellites.<br />
This one of a kind constellation is envisioned to dramatically<br />
expand in the coming years through the launch of new<br />
missions including additional COSMO-SkyMed Second<br />
Generation satellites and two EROS C ELECTRO Optical<br />
ultra-high-resolution satellites and two EROSAR high resolution<br />
satellites by ISI.<br />
The two companies will be able to offer their existing customer<br />
base, as well as future customers, a natural expansion<br />
through the access to world class intelligence gathering assets.<br />
Combining satellites with different sensing technologies<br />
launched into traditional Polar orbits and mid inclination orbits,<br />
to ensure High Revisit – Ultra High-Resolution imaging<br />
capabilities throughout day & night time and in all weather<br />
conditions.<br />
Thanks to this agreement, the competitiveness of the two<br />
companies grows and consolidates their industrial capacity,<br />
leveraging on respective business footprint world- wide and<br />
technological complementarity, specifically to offer services<br />
and information solutions to Defense & Intelligence market.<br />
“A new collaboration perspective within a broader Federative<br />
horizon is opening up new market possibilities by relying on<br />
the best performing satellite systems,” said Paolo Minciacchi,<br />
e-GEOS CEO and Director of the Geoinformation Line of<br />
Business of Telespazio.<br />
“By bringing together the satellite systems, past experience,<br />
talent and expertise of both companies, we have literally formed<br />
one of the world's most capable commercial intelligence<br />
gathering capabilities, which was until now only in the<br />
hands Super-Powers. I am confident that our alliance with<br />
e-GEOS will empower our customers by providing access to<br />
the world’s most capable commercial satellite constellation.”<br />
said Noam Segal, Chief Executive officer of ISI.<br />
32 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
NEWS<br />
Blending the Science of Geography<br />
and Technology of GIS<br />
www.esriitalia.it<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 33
MERCATO<br />
SAFE INTEGRATION OF DRONES IN CON-<br />
TROLLED AIRSPACE PERFORMED BY SA-<br />
TELLITE PROCEDURES<br />
The European GNSS systems (EGNOS and Galileo), in addition<br />
to GPS, are capable of ensuring drones to perform safe<br />
satellite-based approach procedures, a capability required to<br />
include and integrate drones in controlled airspace.<br />
This has been demonstrated during campaign of the ECARO<br />
(Egnos Civil Aviation ROadmap) project, performed at<br />
Grottaglie Airport in Italy.<br />
Coordinated by ENAV, the Italian air navigation service provider,<br />
and jointly developed by the DTA - Apulian Aerospace<br />
District, Planetek Italia, Ums Skeldar and Airgreen, the<br />
ECARO project (EGNOS Civil Aviation Roadmap) is a<br />
multidisciplinary project whose main objective is the adoption<br />
of European satellite navigation systems GNSS (Global<br />
Navigation Satellite Systems) EGNOS and Galileo for all civil<br />
aviation applications like fixed wings operation, drones and rotorcraft<br />
emergency operations. The project is co-financed by<br />
EUSPA (European Union Agency for the Space Programmes).<br />
ECARO will contribute to define the roadmap for ENAC’s<br />
advanced air mobility and will support the development of<br />
a national experimental research center for urban air mobility,<br />
and concurrently will provide benchmarks and services<br />
for both the implementation of Grottaglie spaceport and the<br />
Drone Living Lab of Bari Municipality.<br />
The flight test campaign on satellite procedures tested the application<br />
of civil aviation flight procedures also by using a Swiss<br />
UMS Skeldar drone, so to demonstrate their integration in an<br />
airport environment and the benefits obtained from the exploitation<br />
of the European GNSS systems EGNOS and Galileo.<br />
To monitor GNSS signal quality, Planetek Italia has tested a<br />
radiofrequency spectrum monitoring system at airports, which<br />
could improve the safety and security of UAS operations.<br />
Thanks to the ECARO project, it was demonstrated that the<br />
European GNSS systems (EGNOS and Galileo), in addition<br />
to GPS, are capable of ensuring drones to perform safe satellite-based<br />
approach procedures, a capability required to include<br />
and integrate drones in controlled airspace.<br />
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Product features & benefits:<br />
> Easy, one-touch scan function<br />
> 3D mosaic imaging without position info<br />
> Easily combined with laser scan imagery<br />
> Compact size fits into tight spaces<br />
> Operates in low and zero visibility conditions<br />
> Standard Ethernet/RS485 interface<br />
> Easy Windows-based software<br />
> Leica Cyclone data compatible<br />
> Sector and spherical scans<br />
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34 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
NEWS<br />
High performance<br />
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<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 35
MERCATO<br />
RHETICUS® NETWORK ALERT TO ASSIST<br />
UNITED UTILITIES OF ENGLAND<br />
United Utilities is responsible for water and wastewater services<br />
in the North West of England<br />
and adopted recently Rheticus® Network Alert system of<br />
Planetek Italia because it can help provide a better service<br />
to its customers, improve its activities, and prioritise and<br />
optimise maintenance spending. Monitoring the infrastructures'<br />
stability is an important activity to ensure people's<br />
safety, environmental protection, and the safeguarding of<br />
assets at all stages of the life cycle of infrastructures, from<br />
design to production, management, and maintenance.<br />
Rheticus® Network Alert improves inspection planning<br />
and efficiency of water and sewer networks, providing<br />
actionable reports of critical pipe segments to prioritise<br />
inspection activities and improve inspection efficiency.<br />
The service enables predictive maintenance to prevent<br />
structural failures by using ground subsidence as an indicator<br />
of the likelihood of failure. The millimetre-scale<br />
ground movements are calculated, and quarterly updated,<br />
through the satellite's radar data processing.<br />
The service offers an update and complete view of the<br />
entire pipeline network through actionable reports and<br />
GeoAnalytics. Inspections and maintenance activities are<br />
thus scheduled more efficiently and simplified as a whole.<br />
This activity led utilities to unlock cost-effective watersupply<br />
and sewer network management. Consequently,<br />
customers receive a series of benefits, such as:<br />
- Avoid usual inconveniences derived by a network failure<br />
(e.g. traffic, road interruptions)<br />
- Bill reduction thanks to the predictive maintenance,<br />
which avoid utilities to pay a considerable expense for repairing<br />
a failure<br />
By two years from now, United Utilities foresee a spread<br />
adoption of the predictive maintenance approach by utilities<br />
and, thus, of Rheticus® Network Alert.<br />
www.geoforall.it/kyar9<br />
• An improved version of the backpack, designed for the<br />
best ergonomy to increase the comfort of the operator.<br />
• A high resolution 360° panoramic camera, compatible<br />
with the dedicated car mount and the backpack, to document<br />
the environment with incredible image details.<br />
The Scanfly family is the payload lidar designed to be multipurpose,<br />
easy, and ready to use in just a few steps in drone,<br />
car, and backpack mode.<br />
Easy to use has always been the Scanfly motto.<br />
This new car mounting kit has been completely redesigned<br />
under this philosophy and allows deploying the Scanfly in<br />
combination with the panoramic camera kit quickly and efficiently.<br />
Fixing the plate to the car roof requires less than a<br />
minute with the three vacuum cup mounts. Scanfly and the<br />
camera are installed and removed with quick-release mechanisms<br />
and simple wing nuts.<br />
360° CAR MOUNTING KIT NOW AVAILABLE!<br />
3D TARGET is pleased to announce the release of new<br />
add-ons, compatible with all Scanfly models, that were specifically<br />
designed with this philosophy in mind.<br />
Topics:<br />
www.geoforall.it/kyaxd<br />
• A brand new car mounting kit series, allowing for an even<br />
easier and repeatable installation of Scanfly on the roof of<br />
any car available in the market today, it will take less than<br />
a minute<br />
36 <strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong>
NEWS<br />
<strong>GEOmedia</strong> n°3-<strong>2021</strong> 37
AGENDA<br />
13-15 Settembre <strong>2021</strong><br />
10th AIT International<br />
Conference<br />
Cagliari www.geoforall.it/<br />
ky3x4<br />
27 – 30 Settembre<br />
GIScience <strong>2021</strong><br />
<strong>2021</strong> Poznan (Poland) www.<br />
geoforall.it/kfrkk<br />
21 - 23 Settembre<br />
INTERGEO <strong>2021</strong><br />
Hannover (Germany) www.<br />
intergeo.de<br />
6 - 8 Ottobre <strong>2021</strong><br />
DRONITALY - Working<br />
with Drones<br />
Bologna (Italy) www.<br />
geoforall.it/kfy44<br />
25 - 29 Ottobre <strong>2021</strong>,<br />
Inspire Conference <strong>2021</strong><br />
ONLINE<br />
www.geoforall.it/kya9h<br />
24-25 Novembre <strong>2021</strong><br />
GEO Business <strong>2021</strong><br />
London (UK) www.<br />
geoforall.it/kf4yh<br />
18 - 21 Dicembre <strong>2021</strong><br />
ICC- International<br />
Cartographic Conference<br />
Firenze www.geoforall.it/<br />
kyk8k<br />
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<br />
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<br />
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<br />
LEICA BLK360°<br />
The imaging laser scanner simplifies<br />
the way spaces are measured, designed<br />
and documented .<br />
New dimension in measurements technology<br />
❚❚Leica BLK360° captures the world around you with full-colour panoramic images overlaid on a<br />
high-accuracy point cloud.<br />
❚❚Simple to use with just the single push of one button, the BLK360 is the smallest and lightest of its kind.<br />
❚❚Anyone who can operate an iPad can now capture the world around them with high resolution 3D<br />
panoramic images.<br />
❚❚Using the ReCap Pro mobile app, the BLK360° streams image and point cloud data to iPad. The app<br />
filters and registers scan data in real time.<br />
❚❚After capture, ReCap Pro enables point cloud data transfer to a number of CAD, BIM, VR and AR<br />
applications.<br />
❚❚Teorema Milano can offer you a solution “all-inclusive” that includes: BLK360° with software ReCap<br />
Pro, Ipad Pro 12,9”, training courses with specialist.<br />
Contact us, you will discover much more.
INSPIRATION<br />
FOR A SMARTER WORLD<br />
SPONSOREN / SPONSORS:<br />
Veranstalter / Host: DVW e.V.<br />
Ausrichter Conference / Conference organiser: DVW GmbH<br />
Ausrichter Expo / Expo organiser: HINTE GmbH<br />
WWW.INTERGEO.DE