IML Annual Report 2021

Annual Report 2021

INSTITUTE OF MARITIME LAW

Institute of Maritime Law | Annual Report 2021 | 1

2 | Institute of Maritime Law | Annual Report 2021

Contents

Director’s report 4

Annual IML Donald O’May Lecture 2020 6

Annual IML Donald O’May Lecture 2021 7

Courses and Events 8

Research projects 10

Gard Partnership 14

Continuing support from Ince and Informa 15

Members profile 16

Advisory Board 28

Library 30

The Team 30


Director’s report

2021 was a year of protracted uncertainty stemming

from the constraints imposed to deter and fight the

ongoing pandemic of COVID-19. However, during

this past year, the Institute of Maritime Law and its

Members carried on developing our international

renowned academic and professional expertise. The

Annual Report shows that the Institute has risen

to the challenges posed by the continuing spread

of the pandemic and demonstrated its enduring

excellence. While you will read further in the following

pages about our key and a mere selection of other

important activities, I would like here to dwell mostly

on institutional membership changes and exciting

research plans!

You may recall that in my 2020 Annual Report I

was prompted to close with a verse on the notion

of change in life. Change is inevitable – as this

perennial motive of irrefutable reality and inspiration

is rendered by Kathleen Jessie Raine CBE in her

poem ‘Change’. The past year we had changes in

our institutional memberships. We said goodbye to

our colleagues Professor James Davey and Dr Filip

Saranovic, who moved to the University of Bristol and

Queen Mary University of London respectively. But we

are excited to share the news of an unprecedented

expansion for the Institute! Dr Iliana Christodoulou-

Varotsi, a highly regarded legal

consultant and shipping industry

trainer in private practice

specialising in the national

maritime law and policies of

several countries well as of the

EU, has been appointed a Visiting

Fellow. Mr Haris Zografakis,

heading the international law

firm Stephenson Harwood’s

commodities practice, and

Mr Darren Wall, Partner at

the international law firm Hill

Dickinson LLP, have become

IML Members. Both of them

share historic academic and

professional links with us, which

are yet another manifestation of

the great employability prospects

of the Southampton Law School.

Haris is a 1994 LLM in Maritime Law alumnus, and

Darren is a 2002 LLB alumnus, and was a Research

Assistant with the IML in 2002–2004. In addition, I am

absolutely thrilled to announce that the Honourable

Mr Justice David Foxton has become a Member of

the IML. David’s expertise embraces a broad range

of commercial disputes, including those arising from

shipping and international trade. He was sworn in

as a Judge of the Queen’s Bench Division in January

2020, and sits in the Commercial Court. He is the

General Editor of ‘Scrutton on Charterparties’ and has

published a biography of Lord Justice Scrutton. This is

the first time in its long history for the IML to include

in its membership a sitting Judge of the Admiralty and

Commercial Court. The news of our continuing growth

and expert capacity does not stop here. Very shortly,

we will include in the academic ranks of the Institute

more colleagues specialising in private law, including a

Chair in Maritime Law, with employment starting dates

in 2022. Though these appointments have been already

confirmed at the time of writing, they will need to be

formally announced first by the Law School.

Turning to aspects of our exciting research plans,

I am very pleased to draw your attention to the

establishment of the ‘IML Gard Fund’. This constitutes

a unique partnership, which is the successful outcome


Institute of Maritime Law

of more than a year’s hard work in envisioning and carefully

crafting with Tim Howse, Gard’s Vice President Industry

Liaison an organic framework between academia and the

industry that we expect to grow further and contribute to

sustainable maritime development. The ‘IML Gard Fund’

was launched on 20 October in the presence of the Vice-

Chancellor and President of the University of Southampton

Professor Mark E. Smith. The ‘IML Gard Fund’ will support

activities central to the mission and strategic aims of

the Institute, including funding workshops, high-profile

international conferences, distinguished lectures and public

events that increase our global engagement, and activity in

pursuit of its specialist teaching, research and enterprise,

in which areas the Institute has established an excellent

international reputation boasting a continuing tradition of

40 years to be celebrated in 2022.

I am therefore pleased to report that despite the hurdles

and difficulties on our way through another year of a raging

pandemic, we now boast even stronger links with the

shipping industry and legal profession, and an impressive

roster of 22 Members, who will carry forward the Institute to

the dawn of our fifth decade. I wish to express a big thank-you

for another prolific year, to the Members of the Institute and

Advisory Board; the Law School for its unwavering support,

which is continued by our new Head of School Professor

Werner Scholtz; our Librarian and the Administration

colleagues within the Faculty of Social Sciences; our Dean

Professor Jane Falkingham and everyone at the University

of Southampton; to our main sponsors in 2020/21 Ince and

Informa Law; and especially to each one of our friends and

supporters reading this Report.

Fair winds and following seas!

Dr Alexandros X.M. Ntovas

Southampton, December 2021


Annual IML Donald O’May Lecture 2020

On Wednesday 4th November 2020, the Institute

of Maritime Law hosted the 38th Annual Donald

O’May Lecture, albeit with a difference. Due to

the coronavirus pandemic, the Institute made the

decision to hold the Lecture online via Zoom.

Sir David Foxton, of the Commercial Court, delivered

an excellent lecture on Why Shipping Law Still Matters,

which was extremely well received by all who viewed it.

We are also enormously grateful to Julian Clark, Ince,

and our own Sir Bernard Eder, for their contribution as

both Chair and Vote of Thanks, respectively.

Speaking after the event, Dr Alexandros Ntovas, the

Director of the Institute of Maritime Law, wished to

say a few words:

“Certainly, this year the Annual Lecture have felt

differently by being hosted in a virtual environment,

as this was demanded by the public health protection

measures in place amidst the continuing pandemic.

O tempora! O mores! Yet, the Institute of Maritime

Law, in having adapted on the ongoing circumstances,

remained undeterred and not only kept the annual

tradition of 38 years unbroken but has instead reached

a new height in counting over 350 registrations and

gathering an audience hailing from 34 countries!”


Annual IML Donald O’May Lecture 2021

On Wednesday 3rd November, the Institute of

Maritime Law hosted the 39th Annual Lecture at the

Ince headquarters in the Aldgate Tower, London.

We were delighted to be able to host our Annual

Lecture in-person, after last year’s online format

due to the circumstances of the pandemic at the

time. The IML Director Dr Alexandros X.M. Ntovas

opened the Lecture by remarking among other that

“while we cannot say that the pandemic is yet over,

as we still encounter challenging circumstances

and numerous adversities, we can now derive

confidence and become more optimistic by the

simple fact of being able to gradually return, subject

to all necessary precautions and restrictions, to

some sort of normality with small-scale in-person

events. Although we do have in front of us for sure

a brave new world, let us hope that we will not

forget ever again that handshaking is not a mere

professional conventionality but a fundamental

gesture symbolising trust in personal interaction”.

In closing his introduction, the IML Director wished

“to acknowledge with appreciation and express the

gratitude of the Institute for the generosity of our

sponsors, Ince and Informa Law”.

The Lecture was delivered by Simon Rainey QC,

Quadrant Chambers, with the title Bull’s Eyes or

Broad Principles? Modern Treaty Interpretation

and the Sea-Carriage Conventions. With the recent

and continuing crop of cases at appellate level

on the Hague and Hague Visby Rules, the Lecture

considered to what extent the English Court adopts

a special approach to their interpretation rather

than one of systematic adherence to the principles

of the Vienna Convention, especially when viewed

in the light of its approach to other, non-maritime,

conventions and treaties. The Lecture was

masterfully chaired by the Julian Clark, Global

Senior Partner, and the Vote of Thanks was offered

by Richard Lord QC, Brick Court Chambers.

We now look forward to the 40th IML Annual

Donald O’May Lecture in November 2022.


Courses and Events

Bespoke Courses:

The Institute is frequently approached to design and

deliver bespoke courses for maritime companies and

administrations around the world.

The knowledge of our members and their teaching

expertise ensure clients receive a tailor-made

service of the highest standard. These courses allow

companies to discuss their personal requirements

for course content, as well as length and specificity.

It is also an opportunity to meet some of the leading

academics in their fields, some whose writing has

been published worldwide, in leading maritime

journals and publications.

Former Director Presents at Course for Indian

Navy:

On 25 and 26 March 2021, Professor Andrew Serdy

of Southampton Law School, former Director of

the Institute, presented online a 6-hour module on

International Organisations in the Maritime Field, as

part of the Indian Navy’s Long Duration Course on

Law of the Sea and Maritime Law, organised by the

Gujarat National Law University. Bodies discussed

included the United Nations, the International

Maritime Organization, the International Seabed

Authority, the Commission on the Limits of the

Continental Shelf and the International Tribunal for

the Law of the Sea. This is the first of three years in

which the course will run, and it is hoped that the

necessity to conduct it in the online format will have

abated by 2022.

Wednesday Practitioner Seminar Series:

The Wednesday Seminar Series has now run for over

twenty years. It is a seminar programme with expert

speakers who kindly give up their valuable time to

come and share their experience with our students.

The general theme is practical knowledge helpful

to lawyers, how the law operates in real life and an

insight into the various professions involved in the

maritime, commercial and insurance sectors.

Dr Alexandros Ntovas presents at the European

Commission DG Move:

On 9 December 2020, Dr Alexandros X.M. Ntovas

delivered a masterclass on the development of the

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea as

a timeless ‘constitution of the oceans’, with emphasis

on the interplay of jurisdictions in the context of

shipping, and the protection and preservation of

the marine environment. Dr Ntovas explained the

freedoms, rights and responsibilities for international

actors, including the EU, with respect to the use of

the world’s oceans, and the process of the evolution

of the Convention as a framework for a plethora

of other economic activities – such as shipping

being a prime example – and other undertakings, in

keeping the essential balance with the prerequisites

for protection and preservation of the marine

environment, the sustainable use of resources, while

in many respects also promotes the precepts of

social justice. The masterclass featured an overview

of the Convention’s expanding remit by focusing on

the interplay among the exclusive jurisdiction of the

flag State, and the concurrent role exercised by the

port and coastal States.

UNCLOS: fit for purpose in the 21st century?

The Committee’s inquiry explored the extent to

which the United Nations Convention on the Law of

the Sea, which came into force in 1994, remains fit

for purpose in 2021. It examined the enforcement of

UNCLOS, its dispute resolution mechanisms, and the

extent to which is has proved able to adapt to new

and emerging challenges, including climate change,

autonomous maritime systems, and issues of human

rights and human security at sea.

Professor Serdy and Dr Ntovas provided, in

November 2021, written evidences to the

International Relations and Defence Committee

inquiry, with both of the responses to have now been

published on the web-page of the UK Parliament.

Professor Serdy’s response addressed among others,

climate change and the impact on UNCLOS and

regulation of access to economic resources. Dr

Ntovas’ response addressed autonomous maritime

vehicles, cybersecurity, and other new technologies.



Research projects

Solid Bulk Cargo Liquefaction:

Strategies for Effective Control

Professor Emily Reid is co-leading

this project alongside SMMI

Deputy Directors, Professor

Susan Gourvenec (Engineering)

and Professor Fraser Sturt

(Archaeology), Susan is also a

member of the IML Advisory Board,

representing the SMMI.

This significant project is supported

by Lloyds Register Foundation and

Southampton Marine and Maritime

Institute (SMMI).

Solid bulk cargo liquefaction was

responsible for nearly 20% of bulk

carrier losses over the last decade

and over 50% of fatalities from bulk

carrier losses. This project, running

from September 2020-2023 will

identify key factors contributing

to the risk of solid bulk cargo

liquefaction and develop practical

technical, regulatory, educational

and communication tools to mitigate

risks and reduce loss of life.

A distinctive characteristic of

this work is the extent of crosssector

engagement: more than 20

partners, representing many more

organisations, have come together

in this project. The Law team, led

by Emily, includes Madison Stevens

(PhD student, Southampton)

whose research is funded by the

project and Professor James Davey

(University of Bristol). Drs Wassim

Dbouk (SMMI Policy Fellow) and

Ulrich Jurgens, both Maritime Law

PhD graduates of Southampton

Law School are also involved in the

project, contributing across its three

dimensions: Engineering Challenges;

Data and Communication; and Law

and Regulation.

Autonomous Vessels

Dr Alexandros Ntovas continues

to research in autonomous ships,

a topic with particular importance

for the regulation of future shipping

after the conclusion of the IMO

MSC Research Scoping Exercise.

The main direction of his work

is towards a functional approach

to the law, and his most recent

projects include the advancement

of a novel interpretative account

that functionally constructs the

UNCLOS requirement of ship

manning. The legal rationale

underlying his arguments in favour

of functional flexibility is informed

by the international regulatory

developments at the level of the IMO

and considers that technological

progress is best served by the

emerging law-making philosophy

of setting Goal-Based Standards.

The posited methodology further

proposes that the functional

interpretation of manning shall be

linked to a test for reviewing the

flag State margin of discretion in

the context of the obligation to take

measures towards achieving and

maintaining comprehensive safety

at sea for autonomous ships. Part of

his work in progress was presented

at the research workshop organised

jointly by the Stockton Center of

the US Naval War College and the

Korea Maritime Institute, virtually

hosted by the IMO World Maritime

University, in Sweden, Malmö, on

10–11 December 2020.

Furthermore, Robert Veal hosted

the lunchtime webinar “Autonomous

Ships: Policy, Regulation, and

Liability”. Robert was joined by Dr.

Katrina Kemp, from the UK Maritime

and Coastguard Agency (MCA), as

well as Mr. James M. Turner QC from

Quadrant Chambers. The webinar

took a holistic perspective on the

legal and policy considerations

surrounding the use of autonomous

technology in ships. The panel then

took a series of interesting (and

challenging) questions from an

engaged audience. The webinar,

which had well over 300 registrants,

was a great success, and the IML

hopes to offer further webinars

in this fascinating area in the near

future as the technology continues to

evolve at great pace.

International Trade

Dr Jenny Jingbo Zhang is currently

working on a paper to identify

the latent problems of contract

termination in international sale of

goods contracts governed by English

law. This research has been partly

funded by the Max Planck Institute

for Comparative and International

Private Law in Germany.


Other Projects

Dr Ntovas contributed to the

Southampton Marine and Maritime

Institute Research Collaboration

Stimulus Fund 2020/21 project “The

Future of Small Island Societies

in a World of Rapidly Rising Sea

Levels”, led by Professor Chris

Armstrong (Department of Politics

and International Relations). Dr

Ntovas is also a Co-Investigator in

the “Industrial Decarbonisation

Research and Innovation Centre, Port

to Pipeline CO2 – P2PCO2” project,

which is funded by the Engineering

and Physical Sciences Research

Council, and is led by Professor

Damon Teagle (Southampton Marine

and Maritime Institute).

Decarbonisation of shipping is

a vast undertaking that must be

approached along several fronts,

one of which is hydrogen-based

propulsion. International targets set

so far are simultaneously hard – if

not impossible – to achieve; and

insufficient to ensure that shipping

does its part in tackling the climate

crisis. Hydrogen is a clean fuel

and can be used in fuel cells, but

it presents significant challenges

with transport and storage. Dr

Johanna Hjalmarsson contributed

on regulatory and approvals aspects

to a multi-disciplinary research

initiative to explore the feasibility of

storing large quantities of cryogenic

hydrogen as fuel for future.


Selected publications

Alexandros Ntovas, “Autonomous

Commercial Ships within UNCLOS:

Functionalism and Technological

Progress”, in Kraska, J. & Kil-Park Y.

(Eds), Emerging Technology and

the Law of the Sea (Cambridge

University Press, forthcoming).

John Dunt, (2021), Case and

Comment, “Construction of

commercial contracts, marine

cargo insurance, Swashplate v

Liberty Mutual”, Lloyd’s Maritime

and Commercial Law Quarterly,

20-27.

John Dunt, (2021), “Marine

Insurance and the FCA Test Case:

the impact of the modified and

refined test of causation on marine

insurance, in particular marine

cargo insurance.” 21(3) Lloyd’s

Shipping and Trade Law, 1-4.

John Dunt, (2021), Case and

Comment “When marine cargo

insurance became credit risk

insurance, ABN Amro Bank v Royal

& Sun Alliance”, Lloyd’s Maritime

and Commercial Law Quarterly,

431-439.

Andrew Serdy, (2021), “Seabed

Boundaries in the Northern Bay of

Bengal: The Uncertain Role of the

Commission on the Limits of the

Continental Shelf in Paving the Way

to Resource Exploitation”, 11 Asian

Journal of International Law 118-145.

Andrew Serdy, (2021), “The 2018

Fisheries White Paper and Fisheries

Act 2020 and Their International

Legal Dimension”, 10 Cambridge

International Law Journal 73-95.

Andrew Serdy, (2020), “The

Long Grass at the North Pole”, 12

Yearbook of Polar Law 210-227.

Andrew Serdy, (2021), “Public

International Law Aspects of

Global Shipping Regulation”, in

Y. Baatz (ed), Maritime Law (5th

edn; Abingdon: Informa Law from

Routledge, 334-373.

Emily Reid, (2022), ‘Human Rights in

the Anthropocene, the sustainable

development goals and the

significance of SDG 17 ‘Partnerships

for the Goals’’ in Walter F Baber and

James May (eds), Environmental

Human Rights in the Anthropocene.

Emily Reid, (2021), ‘Trade,

Environment and Human Rights’,

in Delimatsis and Reins (eds)

Trade and Environmental Law,

Encyclopedia of Environmental Law

Edward Elgar.

Meixian Song, (2020), ‘Moving

Forward by Looking Back: Insuring

Autonomous Vessels under English

Hull and Machinery Cover and Law’

in Autonomous Ships and the Law,

Henrik Ringbom, Erik Røsæg and

Trond Solvang (eds), Abingdon:

Informa Law from Routledge,

December 2020, 222-239.

Meixian Song, (2021), Revisiting

Concurrent Causation and

Principles in English Insurance Law:

a Legal Fiction?, Journal of Business

Law, 2021, 6, 457-474.

Meixian Song and Johanna

Hjalmarsson, (2021), The FCA Test

Case: Causal Expressions in the

Insurance Context, Lloyd’s Shipping

and Trade Law, 21(1), 5-6.

Meixian Song, (2021), Risks in

shipbuilding and Chinese law,

Lloyd’s Ship (with Zhengliang Hu),

21(6), 4-6.

Meixian Song, (2021), Shipowners’

Recovery of Cargo Liability under

Voyage Charter, Lloyd’s Shipping

and Trade Law, 21(6), 9-12.

Liang Zhao, (2021), Insurer’s liability

under concurrent causation:

English law and Chinese law

compared. Legal Studies.

Liang Zhao, (2021), International

Recent Developments: China,

Tulane Maritime Law Journal, 45

(3), 611-648.

Zhen Jing and Liang Zhao, (2020),

Third parties’ rights and insurers’

defences in liability insurance in

Chinese law and judicial practice.

Hong Kong Law Journal, 50 (1),

275-302.

Brenda Hannigan, (2021), Company

Law (6 th edn, Oxford University

Press).


Conferences

Brenda Hannigan, (2021),

Butterworths Company Law

Handbook (35th edn) consultant

editor.

Brenda Hannigan, Shareholder

Inspection Rights in the UK

- hotchpotch provision and

information deficits’ in a Research

Handbook on Shareholder

Inspection Rights, A Comparative

Perspective, (eds Thomas, Giudici,

Varottil: Edward Elgar Publishing

Ltd, forthcoming 2022).

Brenda Hannigan, (2020),

Company Laws of Europe (eds

Vicari & Schall: Beck & Co) –

Chapter on Groups of Companies.

Johanna Hjalmarsson, (2021),

‘Maritime law in 2020: a review of

developments in case law’, Informa

Z Wang, Y Wang, S Afshan &

J Hjalmarsson, “A review of

metallic tanks for H 2

storage with

a view to application in future

green shipping”, published in the

International Journal of Hydrogen

Energy in November 2020.

Paul Todd authored the ‘Maritime

Law’ (2021) in the Edward Elgar

Advanced Introductions Series.

Written by a leading scholar such

as Paul, the Advanced Introduction

draws on the author’s decades

of experience researching and

teaching maritime law, offering a

clear and concise introduction to

the core areas of the field.

Alexandros Ntovas “Autonomous Commercial Ships

and Smart Ports - The Challenges for UNCLOS and

the Development of a Future Regulatory Regime”,

presented at ‘The Emerging Technology and the Law

of the Sea’ research workshop organised jointly by the

Stockton Center of the US Naval War College and the

Korea Maritime Institute, virtually hosted by the IMO

World Maritime University, in Sweden, Malmö, on 10–11

December 2020.

Meixian Song, 8 April 2021, ‘Revising Chinese Maritime

Code- Chapter of Carriage of Passengers by Sea Seminar’

online, the event was host by Sun Yat-sen University and

Dalian Maritime University. Meixian’s presentation is on

the topic of ‘Carriers and Compulsory Liability Insurance’.

Meixian Song, 6 July 2021,‘Dissent in Insurance Law’

host by University of Glasgow School of Law. Meixian’s

topic is ‘Contextualising First-Party Insurance from

the Perspective of Insuring Defective Contractual

Performance’.

Liang Zhao, ‘Forum Non Conveniens in Chinese courts’ in

‘The Fourth Cambridge Conference on China’s One Belt

One Road’, Jesus College, University of Cambridge,

11 September 2021

In July 2021, Dr Alexandros X.M. Ntovas participated in

The International Law of the Sea Summer Academy,

which has started its activities under the aegis of Kadir

Has University. Dr Ntovas this year delivered two 2hour

sessions on topics (“Abusive Flag Jurisdiction and Sub-

Standard Vessels in Relation To Port-State Control”/

“Autonomous Commercial Vessels and UNCLOS”)

selected to range from doctrinal theoretical questions

of maritime law & law of the sea, to contemporary

challenging questions emanating from shipping

regulation and the advent of new technologies.

Andrew Serdy presented a paper entitled “Selected

highlights of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement

Articles 493-511 on fisheries”.


Gard Partnership

Together we enable sustainable maritime

development

Sustainable maritime development is at the core of

the Gard group’s operations and outlook. As a global

specialised marine insurance group with one of the

broadest product offerings to ship and offshore operators

we use our leverage to support the transition to a more

sustainable industry.

Gard was established in Arendal on the southern coast

of Norway in 1907 where its head office is still located.

The group’s creation and evolution are closely linked to

the development of the modern shipping and insurance

industries. Founded to underwrite only the P&I risks of

sailing ships, the company was nevertheless part of a

larger group of insurers covering other risks for all types

of vessels.

With the demise of sail, Gard adapted and survived and

continued to flourish by extending its remit. Over a century

later the group has come full circle to cover one of the

broadest ranges of risks in the marine insurance industry.

A global organisation with a deep Scandinavian heritage

The Gard group today has 13 offices around the world

whilst still maintaining its deep Scandinavian roots. Its

product range encompasses P&I, Hull & Machinery,

Offshore Energy, Builders’ Risks, Renewables and various

ancillary covers.

Gard is today the largest P&I Club in the International Club

of P&I Clubs, and it is one of the largest marine insurers

globally.

Sustainable maritime development

We are signatories to the ten principles of the United

Nations Global Compact, the Principles for Sustainable

Ocean Business and the Principles for Sustainable

Insurance and use the UN Sustainable Development Goals

as a framework to define our ambitions and goals. Gard

believes that, as a leading marine insurance group, it has

an important responsibility, as well as an opportunity, to

influence the transition to a more sustainable maritime

industry.

Partnering with the University of Southampton

Gard has a long-standing relationship with the University

of Southampton and its renowned Institute of Maritime

Law, one of the top maritime law centres in the world.

We have refreshed our relationship with the Institute

with the launch of the “IML Gard Fund” to demonstrate

our commitment to academic partnerships and to the

UN Sustainable Development Goals. Developments in

international maritime law are crucial to the shipping

and marine insurance industries and therefore mutually

beneficial collaboration and innovation amongst leaders

in these fields is also crucial. The sheer breadth and depth

of knowledge within the University of Southampton, more

generally, also on subjects such as cyber, governance,

offshore and marine engineering, fisheries, and

oceanography, to name a few, means that the University

of Southampton and the Institute of Maritime Law are the

ideal academic partners for a diversified and leading global

insurer such as Gard.


Sponsors - Ince & Informa

Informa

As the trusted expert partner

providing actionable insight into the

global maritime industry for 300

years, we support professionals

in maritime and shipping law with

unparalleled tools and resources.

Our expertly managed maritime

database, containing billions of data

points that are constantly verified

and contextualised with the use of

artificial intelligence, is at the core

of our suite of online tools and

data feeds that help thousands of

professionals save time collating and

interpreting maritime data to get a

clear view of risk, monitor maritime

trade patterns, and research

incidences at sea.

Our leading suite of legal resources,

Lloyd’s Law Reports, provides

the complete view of recent and

historical case summaries, reports

and approved judgements to assist

professionals researching case law,

rulings, and current events across

maritime and other specialist

practice areas.

And our curated maritime news and

analysis channel, Lloyd’s List, helps

professionals stay well-informed of

the constantly changing industry

and what it means to businesses and

markets worldwide.

We believe in bringing transparency

to the maritime industry, and we are

proud that 60,000 professionals

across the globe trust us to do so

every day.

Ince

Ince is a dynamic international legal

and professional services firm with

offices in nine countries across

Europe, Asia and the Middle East.

With over 700 people, including

over 100 partners worldwide, The

Ince Group delivers legal advice,

strategic guidance and business

solutions to clients ranging from the

world’s oldest and biggest businesses

operating across numerous industries

to ultra-high net worth individuals.

We have a deep understanding of

the shipping industry, the way it does

business and the way it operates,

and the shipping team has a practice

that covers every aspect of the

shipping industry. Across our global

network our lawyers advise on the

full range of legal issues affecting the

shipping and commodity industries.

We count among our clients many

of the world’s leading shipowners,

charterers, builders, traders, banks

and insurers.

A message from Julian Clark, Global Senior partner:

There are a number of reasons why holding the position as Senior

Partner of Ince is both a real honour and opportunity to create and

instigate positive change. One of those reasons is our close and

historic relationship with the University of Southampton. Ince has

had a relationship with the University since 1992 and throughout that

time is proud to have supported its research and academic teaching

programme.

Maritime law and the legal regimes regulating international trade and

commerce remain some of the most academically challenging and

important areas of law for international commerce. The University

plays a vital and leading role in training and providing our lawyers,

academics, and professionals of the future, and I wish the Institute

and all of its teaching staff the very best for the years ahead.

Shipping, international transport and commerce are enjoying a

renaissance of challenge and development. The advent of advanced

technology and new fuels will not only lead to greater efficiency but

also, importantly, protection of our marine and global environment.

Those that will be tasked with driving this change need the essential

support and foundation that only an institute such as Southampton

can bring. 2021 has been a challenging year but the team have met it

with aplomb and vigour, and I look forward to the next 12 months and

our continuing relationship.


Institute members


Dr Ntovas is as Associate

Professor of Maritime Law, at the

level of Readership, and the IML

Director (2020–2023). He belongs

to the contemporary generation

of international maritime lawyers,

who are competent to perceive,

appreciate and undertake the

challenging task of addressing

a ship as one single economic,

social, commercial and – at times

when the flag State extents

diplomatic protection to her

in international proceedings

– sovereign entity. He has

practiced in the areas of public

and administrative law and acted

on numerous occasions as an

invited expert advocate and

policy advisor to governments,

including the European Union,

the public sector and the shipping

industry. Maritime labour law,

cyber-security of ships and ports,

freedom of navigation, piracy and

transnational organised crime,

decommission of platforms and

ship-recycling, contemporary

naval warfare and the future

regulation of unmanned maritime

systems and vessels, reflect some

of the professional areas that he

has been involved in at various

stages. His substantive expertise

within the Institute of Maritime

Law lies in shipping regulation,

admiralty – with a focus on wet

shipping aspects, navigational

freedoms and practice, marine

environmental law, as well as in all

issues regarding contemporary

safety and security of ships,

ports and offshore installations.

He moreover enjoys a strong

academic background in public

international law, particularly

in the law of treaties and

international dispute settlement,

while his further interests cover

also the niche areas of legal

historiography and reasoning

within an interdisciplinary

perspective. As you will read

further in the present report,

Alexandros in the period 2020–21

focused his research on the

areas of shipping regulation,

contributed to successful

interdisciplinary project bids,

and he has engaged extensively

in knowledge exchange activities

with universities abroad and

international governmental

stakeholders, as well as leading

the Institute’s enterprise and

research policy and vision with

the establishment of the ‘IML –

Gard Fund’.


Dr Iliana Christodoulou-Varotsi

Dr. Iliana Christodoulou-Varotsi is

a highly regarded legal consultant

and shipping industry trainer in

private practise specialised in

Maritime and EU law and policies.

Visiting Fellow at the Institute of

Maritime Law, Southampton, since

September 2021. Course Leader

and industry consultant with

Lloyd’s Maritime Academy where

she designs and delivers long

distance and in-corporate courses

for maritime professionals

worldwide; external trainer with

ship classification society DNV.

Her lengthy exposure includes

training workshops to shipping

companies, banks, shipyards,

naval personnel, etc. Member of

the Athens Bar Association and

accredited mediator.

Experienced law drafter.

Consulting services involving

EU projects and conformity/

completeness assessment of

domestic legislations of Member

States and candidate countries.

Visiting lecturer at ALBA Graduate

Business School American College

of Greece. Author of five books

with international publishers,

including Springer and Informa.

Dr. Iliana holds all her degrees,

including her PhD with the highest

distinction, from Paris Sorbonne

University. Post-doctoral

experience with the Scandinavian

Institute of Maritime Law on

maritime safety policies of the EU

and the US. She approaches law

from a multi-disciplinary stance,

where she integrates industry

best practice and places the focus

on the human element.

Mr Richard Coles

Richard Coles is a Visiting

Fellow and Member of the

Advisory Board at the IML.

His research interests include

the construction, financing

and sale of ships, superyachts

in general, ship registration,

IMO safety conventions and

their implementation under

national domestic law. He is

an author of two books and

has contributed chapters or

articles in other publications.

Richard is a regular speaker

on his various subject areas at

conferences and seminars in

the UK and abroad. During the

past year he has, on behalf of

the IML, responded to several

Maritime and Coastguard

Agency consultations about

proposed changes in certain

safety regulations and marine

guidance notes relating to

small seagoing passenger ships

and fishing vessels.


Institute members

Mr John Dunt

John Dunt is a Visiting Fellow

and a member of the Advisory

Board. His research concentrates

on marine insurance and,

in particular, marine cargo

insurance. He is the author of

Marine Cargo Insurance (winner

of the British Insurance Law

Association Prize) and author

and editor of International Cargo

Insurance. He regularly publishes

articles on recent cases and

developments in the law of

marine cargo insurance.

This year John has analysed two

leading marine cargo insurance

cases in Lloyd’s Maritime and

Commercial Law Quarterly. He

has also published an article in

Lloyd’s Shipping and Trade Law

examining the implications of

the Supreme Court’s decision in

the Covid-19 case, The Financial

Conduct Authority v Arch

Insurance, and the possible

impact of that decision on

causation in marine insurance.

More recently John has begun

preparing a third edition of

Marine Cargo Insurance which is

again to be published by Informa

Law from Routledge in the

Lloyd’s Shipping Law Library.

Sir Bernard Eder

Covid restrictions have

meant the abandonment

of international travel with

virtually all arbitrations being

conducted online - so Bernard

spent most of the last year

working from his study at

home. In one case, he was

sitting in a shipping arbitration

with 3 arbitrators in different

locations in England, Counsel

and solicitors similarly based

in different locations in

England, with one barrister

cross-examining a witness

in Beijing giving evidence in

Chinese through an interpreter

sitting in Singapore with the

transcriber sitting in Kuala

Lumpur and about 30 party

representatives joining from all

around the world. If asked even

2 years ago, Bernard states

he would have said that this

was science fiction. However,

Bernard is sure that this is the

way forward in many cases.

Mr David Foxton QC

David Andrew Foxton QC

was called to the Bar in 1989

and took Silk in 2006. He was

appointed as a Recorder in

2009 and was appointed as

a Deputy High Court Judge

sitting in the Queen’s Bench

Division and Chancery Division

in 2016. David was called to

the Bar by Gray’s Inn in 1989,

and practised as a member

of Essex Court Chambers for

over 30 years, for the last

three as Head of Chambers.

There, his practice embraced

a broad range of commercial

disputes, including those

arising from shipping and

international trade. He was

sworn in as a Judge of the

Queen’s Bench Division in

January 2020, and sits in the

Commercial Court. He is the

General Editor of “Scrutton

on Charterparties” and has

published a biography of Lord

Justice Scrutton.


Ms Kathleen Goddard

Kathleen Goddard is a Visiting

Fellow in the Institute of

Maritime Law. She graduated

with an LL.B. (Hons) degree

from the University of

Birmingham and an LL.M. from

the University of London. She

trained as a solicitor with a

leading firm of solicitors in

the City of London which

specialised in maritime and

commercial law before

commencing an academic

career. Kathleen has taught

at the Inns of Court School of

Law, the University of Exeter,

the University of Southampton

and the University of

Plymouth.

Professor Brenda Hannigan

Professor Hannigan’s work

focuses on corporate

governance and company

law with a particular interest

in corporate reporting,

especially narrative reporting

on environment, social and

governance (ESG) matters

and climate-related financial

disclosures. Her corporate

governance work focuses

on directors’ duties, board

committees, and conflicts

of interest, with a particular

emphasis on risk management

and corporate purpose and

culture.

Kathleen now devotes her

time to research and writing.

Her principal areas of research

relate to reducing air pollution

from ships and the legal

implications for commercial

shipping of rescuing refugees

and migrants at sea. Kathleen

is also developing her interest

in maritime legal history.


Institute members

Dr Johanna Hjalmarsson


taught insurance law,

admiralty law and shipping

law to University students.

She continued as editor of

Lloyd’s Shipping & Trade

Law, Ratification of Maritime

Conventions and Lloyd’s Law

Reporter, and published the

annual Maritime Law in 2020:

a review of developments in

case law. She contributed to

the 5th edition of Maritime

Law with texts on marine

insurance and general

average. She contributed to

an interdisciplinary project

on hydrogen propulsion

resulting in the publication of

a review article. She submitted

a proposal to the Gard fund.

She also served as academic

integrity officer, and as alumni

coordinator managed the

LinkedIn group University of

Southampton Law Alumni

which all Southampton alumni

are invited to join.

Mr Richard Lord QC

At Brick Court Chambers the core

of Richard Lord’s practice for over

25 years has been commercial

litigation and arbitration, with

a particular specialisation in

dry shipping and shipbuilding,

insurance and reinsurance,

commodities, energy and

professional negligence claims.

He has appeared in and advised

on numerous cases in tribunals

from The Supreme Court/House

of Lords to the High Court in The

British Virgin Islands. His ‘home

territories’ are the Commercial

Court in London and International

Arbitrations, including ICC,

LCIA, LMAA and Bermuda form

arbitrations.

He acts as a mediator and

arbitrator, has written textbooks

on Bills of Lading and the

Arbitration Act and has lectured

and written extensively, as well

as giving expert evidence on

English law for foreign courts.

Recent experience includes

total loss marine insurance

claims, a Supreme Court

case on fraudulent devices,

numerous charterparty/COA

and shipbuilding disputes as well

as more general commercial

litigation primarily in the marine

and energy sector.

In 2017 he was shortlisted by

Chambers & Partners as Insurance

Silk of the Year.


Cpt Richard Pilley

Captain Richard Pilley, who

retired some years ago as a

Director of Thomas Miller

P&I, continues as an active

member of the Advisory

Board of the IML. Richard

also draws on his experience

in command at sea to give

a perceptive commentary

on the ships in port when

the LLM students and Short

Course delegates are taken

on a passenger boat around

Southampton Water.

Professor Emily Reid

Emily’s expertise is in International

Trade Law (WTO and RTAs),

particularly the nexus between

trade/economic, environmental

and human rights interests and

law and non-tariff barriers; EU

Law, particularly the internal

market, external trade relations;

environment and human rights;

sustainable development; climate

law; regulatory decision-making

processes; risk assessment, risk

regulation and law.

Reflecting the global significance

of maritime trade; the diverse

impacts of climate change

on oceans and all those who

rely upon them; and the

interrelationship between

climate, oceans and trade, Emily

is increasingly developing a focus

upon the application of her

expertise in the maritime context,

including in relation to ocean

governance.

Emily is a member of

Southampton Marine and

Maritime Institute (SMMI) and

of the Programme Board of the

Leverhume funded Southampton

University ‘Intelligent Oceans’

Doctoral Studies Programme.

Externally, Emily is an original

member of the TAPP (Trade and

Public Policy) network and in

2020-21 has worked with the UK

FCDO Trade Faculty on training

relating to Trade, Labour and

Human Rights and Business and

Human Rights. In Autumn 2021

she delivered a FCDO Trade

Faculty Masterclass on Trade and

Sustainability. Emily is a regular

participant in international

conferences relating to

international economic/trade law

and sustainability, and in August

2020 spoke as an invited panellist

on the Society of International

Economic Law’s ‘Conversation’:

International Economic Law in a

Changing World: New Approaches

to Teaching Tomorrow’s

Knowledge & Skills.


Institute members

Emeritus Professor Francis Rose

Professor Francis Rose continues

to write on the law of salvage and

wreck. This year he published a

comment on a dispute between

the Government of South Africa,

as successors in title to ownership

of a cargo of silver on board

s.s. Tilawa, which was sunk in

the Indian Ocean by a Japanese

submarine in the Second World

War, and a company that had

retrieved the silver and brought

it to Southampton. More broadly,

he has published the tenth edition

of Kennedy & Rose: The Law of

Salvage.

He continues to edit Lloyd’s

Maritime and Commercial Law

Quarterly (which includes the

Unjust Enrichment Review) and

the International Maritime and

Commercial Law Yearbook,

alongside annual editions of

his statutes and materials on

Contract, Tort and Restitution and

on Commercial and Consumer

Law, as well as contributing

four chapters (800 pages), on

Overseas Sales, to the eleventh

edition of Benjamin’s Sale of

Goods (in 2020) and its first

supplement (in 2021).

For the fifth edition of Carver’s

Bills of Lading, he is currently

revising the chapters originally

written by Sir Guenter Treitel, and

is preparing the third edition of

his book Marine Insurance: Law

and Practice.

Ms Vasanti Selvaratnam QC

As the joint head of The 36

Group, Vasanti practices in

all aspects of international

commercial litigation and

arbitration, including shipping

(wet and dry), commodities,

banking and finance, conflict

of law and jurisdiction

disputes, all forms of interim

urgent relief including

freezing orders and anti-suit

injunctions, and civil fraud.

One of the first Asian women

to join the ranks of the

Commercial Bar in 1984 after

obtaining Distinction in her

LLM from King’s College

London, and one of the

youngest Silks to be appointed

in 2001, Vasanti Selvaratnam

QC’s International Commercial

Arbitration practice covers a

wide range of industry sectors

and institutional rules, both as

Counsel and Arbitrator.

She is currently involved in live

arbitrations governed by ICC,

LCIA, UNCITRAL, SIAC, LMAA

and LOF Rules.


Professor Andrew Serdy

Andrew Serdy, Professor of

the International Law of the

Sea, the academic year 2020-

21 marked his return from the

sabbatical that followed his

term as Director of the Institute

(2017-20). Highlights of the

year included being among the

guest presenters in the Gujarat

National Law University/Indian

Navy Course on International Law

of the Sea and Maritime Law, in

which he presented a module on

Law of the Sea institutions over

two days via videolink in March

2021. The previous month, for

the second time Andrew also

conducted his guest lecture on

Preparing a Submission to the

Commission on the Limits of

the Continental Shelf, for the

International Tribunal for the Law

of the Sea’s training programme

for Nippon Fellows and its own

interns, this time remotely instead

of in person in Hamburg. Also

for the second time Andrew had

an article commissioned by The

Conversation, on the legalities of

the June 2021 incident in which

the passage of HMS Defender

through waters off the Crimean

peninsula met a sharp response

from the Russian Navy. Further,

Andrew attended by invitation

two online workshops, the first

in November 2020 on Coastal

State Jurisdiction and Law

Enforcement: From Sovereign

Rights to Disputed Zones,

concurrently hosted by the

Columbia Law School Center

for Korean Legal Studies and

the Korean Institute of Ocean

Science and Technology as part

of their Joint Project on East

Ocean Law and Policy, the second

in June 2021 organised by City

University on Legal Challenges

Faced by Coastal and Fishing

Communities, Brexit and the New

British Fisheries Policy, where

he presented a paper entitled

“Selected highlights of the Trade

and Cooperation Agreement

Articles 493-511 on fisheries”.


Institute members

Dr Meixian Song

Dr Meixian Song is Lecturer in

Law, at the Law School.

Meixian’s research interests lie

broadly in the fields of shipping

and insurance law. Meixian has

been working on the rules of

causation under marine insurance

law. Her first monograph,

Causation in Insurance Contract

Law, was published in 2014 with

Routledge. She is currently

working on the second edition of

the book. Meixian has contributed

to the Sea Traffic Management

Validation Project funded by the

EC within the IML. The research

involves the subjects of law of

sea, carriage of goods by sea,

international trade, marine

insurance and cyber security

in shipping practice. Meixian is

also interested in the research

in English commercial law and

contract law principles, such as

the Third party’s issues in English

Insurance contract law. Meixian

is taking part in Revising Chinese

Maritime Code Project with the

research team in Dalian Maritime

University. She has attended a

series of seminars of the project.

In 2018, Meixian led and delivered

academic opinions on the draft

bill of Southampton Institute of

Maritime Law in written form to

the Ministry of Transport of the

PRC, with a view to impacting

on the development and

harmonisation of maritime law at

international level.

Meixian acts as co-convenor

of Contract, Commercial &

Consumer Law Section of the

Society of Legal Scholars (SLS)

from October 2018.

Meixian is a qualified lawyer of

Chinese Law.

Mr Paul Todd

Paul Todd was appointed to

the University of Southampton

in 2012, after 36 years’

teaching at Cardiff, Swansea

and Plymouth. He has long

experience of teaching

international trade law and

carriage of goods by sea, both

of which he continues to

teach at LLM, and (in the case

of carriage of goods by sea),

undergraduate level also.

Among his extensive

publications are books

entitled “Maritime Fraud and

Piracy” and “Bills of Lading

and Bankers’ Documentary

Credits”.


Mr Robert Veal

Robert Veal is a Lecturer

in Law at the University of

Southampton and an academic

member of the Institute of

Maritime Law. He is a double

graduate of Southampton

having undertaken the LL.B and

LL.M in Maritime Law which is

passed with distinction.

Robert’s research focuses

on regulatory and liability

issues pertaining to the use

of autonomous and remotecontrol

technology in ships as

well as the operation of smaller

unmanned maritime vehicles.

Robert is a member of the

MCA’s Maritime Autonomy

Regulations Laboratory

(MARLab) Advisory Board

and is a member of the UK’s

Marine Autonomous Systems

Regulatory Working Group

(MASRWG). Robert has also

represented the Comité

Maritime International at

the IMO’s Maritime Safety

Committee (MASS Working

Group).

Robert has taught both

students and professionals

across a range of maritime

legal areas but principally wet

shipping and admiralty.

Mr Darren Wall

Darren is a partner in the

Commodities Team of the

international law firm Hill

Dickinson LLP, with over 15 years’

experience advising in the field of

international trade and shipping.

His private practice sees Darren

regularly advising companies

that trade, finance and transport

a wide range of commodities.

As well as advising businesses,

Darren has vast experience

of dispute resolution, having

conducted a variety of trade

association arbitration including

the LME, Gafta, FOSFA, ICA, RSA

and SAOL as well as arbitrations

subject to ICC, LCIA and LMAA

terms. Darren has also frequently

appeared before the Commercial

Court and also has experience

at Court of Appeal and Supreme

Court levels, appearing on behalf

of the Respondent in the Supreme

Court case of Bunge v. Nidera

[2015] 3 All E.R. 1082.

Darren regularly contributes

articles to legal publications, as

well as presenting at a number

of industry seminars and training

events. Prior to entering private

practice, Darren obtained a

postgraduate diploma in law at

City University, London in 2005,

attending Inns of Court School

of Law. Darren is an alumnus of

the University of Southampton,

graduating with a degree in law in

2002, before spending time as a

Research Assistant with the IML

between 2002 – 2004.


Institute members

Dr Liang Zhao

Dr Liang Zhao is an Associate

Professor in Law at

Southampton Law School,

University of Southampton,

UK. He obtained LLB at Dalian

Maritime University, LLM at

University of Southampton

and PhD at The University of

Hong Kong. He is an arbitrator

of China Maritime Arbitration

Commission, supporting

member of London Maritime

Arbitrations Association and

member of China Maritime

Law Association. His interest

areas include maritime law,

insurance law, conflict of laws

and comparative law. He has

published a chapter of “Ship

finance” in Maritime Law and

Practice in Hong Kong, Sweet

& Maxwell in 2019, and coauthored

a book Maritime Law

and Practice in China, Informa

law from Routledge in 2017.

Dr Jenny Jingbo Zhang

Dr Jingbo (Jenny) Zhang is a

Lecturer in Commercial and

Maritime Law and an operational

committee member of the

Institute of Maritime Law at

Southampton Law School. Her

research interests are primarily

in the fields of international sale

of goods, international trade

finance, carriage of goods by

sea and marine insurance. Apart

from teaching undergraduate

and postgraduate courses at

Southampton, she is also actively

involved in delivering enterprise

training to both commercial and

industrial partners.

Jenny has published a number

of international journal articles

and book chapters in the area of

commercial maritime law. Her

previous work mainly focused

on the legal issues raised by

using documentary credits as

a prevalent banking payment

instrument and their engagement

with traditional transport

and insurance documents in

international trade.

Jenny’s current research focuses

on examining the legal viability of

digitalised products to replace the

traditional financial instruments

and transport documents used in

international trade transactions.

Jenny recently submitted a written

response, together with her

colleague Dr Liang Zhao, to reply

the Law Commission Consultation

Paper No.254 on Digital Assets:

Electronic Trade Documents and

provide constructive suggestions

on the draft Bill. She is currently

collaborating with colleagues in

law to rebut the misconception

that blockchain technology and

smart contracts can perfectly

automate the operation of

documentary credits and cure the

existing drawbacks in international

trade finance transactions.

Another theme of Jenny’s

existing research lies in exploring

the possibility and trends of

harmonisation in the law of

international sale of goods.


Mr Haris Zografakis

Haris studied maritime law in

Southampton (LLM), where he

was awarded the Newitt award

for his dissertation, having first

studied law in Athens (LLB). Upon

graduation from Southampton in

1994, he joined Richards Butler

(now Reed Smith) on a summer

scholarship, going on to qualify

as a solicitor in 1997. He became

partner at Middleton Potts (now

Hill Dickinson) in 2001 and he

has been partner at Stephenson

Harwood since 2008.

In the course of his 27-year career

in London, he has acted for

clients from all over the world.

Dispute resolution represents

the largest part of his practice

and he has acted in over 300

arbitrations, High Court, Court of

Appeal and Supreme Court and

multi-jurisdictional cases ranging

from modest demurrage claims

to mine off-take, shipbuilding

and oil and gas disputes worth

hundreds of millions. His reported

Court cases include the Johnny

K, Trafigura v Kookmin Bank,

the Sabrewing, the Northgate,

the Port Russel, U&M v Konkola

Copper Mines, CH Offshore v

PDVSA Petroleo and Petrosaudi

Oil Services v Novo Banco et al.

While he has been described as

a “solid and tenacious litigator”

(Chambers UK 2007) and “a

supreme tactician” (Chambers

UK 2020), he is also involved in

non-contentious work, structuring

transactions and drafting standard

terms. More recently, he has been

actively involved in maritime

decarbonisation projects, served

on the drafting committee of,

and is legal advisor to, the Sea

Cargo Charter. He has served on

the editorial board of Shipping

and Transport Law Journal, is

member of the Council of the

London Shipping Law Centre, has

published and lectured extensively

worldwide including for BIMCO,

the IMO and universities.

Haris heads Stephenson

Harwood’s commodities practice,

which has consistently been

recognised as a First Tier team

by The Legal 500. He has also

recently been inducted to the

Legal 500 Hall of fame as a result

of his continued recognition by

the directory.


Advisory Board

Mr Richard Coles

Richard is a Visiting Fellow at

the Institute of Maritime Law

and a Consultant to Gateley Plc,

a national commercial law firm.

Since the mid 1990’s, his work

has focused on the superyacht

sector, representing yacht owners,

brokers, trade associations and

banks.

Mr Andrew Kennedy

Andrew Kennedy is a Barrister and

the Lloyd’s Register Group’s Global

Head of Dispute Resolution and

Compliance. He has served terms

as: the Chair of the International

Association of Classification

Societies (IACS) Expert Law

Group; the President of the

Quality Assurance Certification

Entity established under EU

law to monitor EU recognised

classification societies; and the

Chair of the Mutual Recognition

– Legal Expert Group for

classification societies recognised

by the EU.


Mr John Dunt

John Dunt is a Visiting Fellow

whose interest is in marine

insurance and, in particular marine

cargo insurance on which he has

written and edited two books and

published a number of articles. He

continues to be consulted for his

expertise in his field, particularly

in relation to the Institute Cargo

Clauses

Ms Charlotte Gale

Charlotte is a Partner at the

boutique Marine Law firm

Roose+Partners. She specialises

in giving advice on loss and

damage to cargo carried by sea

to insurance companies and

commodities traders. Day to day,

Charlotte is involved in LMAA, LCIA

and GAFTA Arbitration and High

Court litigation.

Professor Susan Gourvenec

Susan Gourvenec is Royal Academy

of Engineering Chair in Emerging

Technologies in Intelligent &

Resilient Ocean Engineering

and Deputy Director of the

Southampton Marine & Maritime

Institute at the University of

Southampton. Susan’s primary

research interests are in offshore

infrastructure and in particular

the role of new and emerging

technologies in improving

engineering design and design

practice.

Ms Liliana Monsalve

Liliana Monsalve is a lawyer

qualified in 3 jurisdictions

(Colombia, Spain, and England and

Wales). Originally from Colombia,

Liliana worked in P&I insurance for

25 years before joining the IOPC

Funds as the Head of Claims 7

years ago. Her work has covered

a wide range of claims including

cargo, collisions, FDD in different

jurisdictions. Since joining the

IOPC Funds she has specialised in

pollution claims. Liliana also holds

an MA in Cultural Studies.

Cpt Richard Pilley

Captain Richard Pilley, who retired

some time ago as a Director of

Thomas Miller P&I, continues as

a member of the Advisory Board

of the IML. Richard also draws on

his experience in command at sea

to give a perceptive commentary

on the ships in port when the

LLM students and Short Course

delegates are taken on a passenger

boat around Southampton Water

Mr Harry Theochari

Harry Theochari is Senior

Consultant to Norton Rose

Fulbright LLP having recently

stepped down as the Firm’s Global

Head of Transport. He is a shipping

and asset finance lawyer based

in London. He is currently Chair

Emeritus of Maritime UK, Vice

Chair of Maritime London and

a Trustee of the White Ensign

Association.


Library

The team

The Institute of Maritime Law houses the specialist

Philippa Kaye Library in Maritime Law, a unique

and comprehensive resource available to visiting

scholars and maritime specialists. Leading

academics from all around the world, practitioners

from the City and post-graduates in maritime law

are regular visitors to the library. A reading room

is also available, containing a collection of over 40

journal titles and a substantial amount of IMO and

UNCTAD documentation. The Library welcomes

applications, both domestic and international, to

utilise the library for private research.

Our journals collection contains a wealth of

domestic and international papers, with titles

including Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law

Quarterly; Journal of International Maritime

Law; Journal of Business Law; International and

Comparative Law Quarterly; Journal of Maritime

Law and Commerce and Lloyd’s Maritime Law

Newsletter.

In addition, the library boasts a complete collection

of Lloyd’s Law Reports and American Maritime

Law Cases. Other collections consist of Lloyd’s Law

Reports Insurance & Reinsurance, The Times Law

Reports, Commercial Cases, and Aspinall’s Reports

of Maritime Cases.

All queries regarding the library should be directed

to our Institute Librarian Mrs Sara Le Bas –

s.le-bas@soton.ac.uk

Director


Dr Iliana Christodoulou-Varotsi

Mr Richard Coles

Mr John Dunt

Sir Bernard Eder

Mr David Foxton QC

Ms Kathleen Goddard

Professor Brenda Hannigan


Mr Richard Lord QC

Cpt Richard Pilley

Professor Emily Reid

Professor Francis Rose

Ms Vasanti Selvaratnam QC

Professor Andrew Serdy

Dr Meixian Song

Mr Paul Todd

Mr Robert Veal

Mr Darren Wall

Dr Liang Zhao

Dr Jenny Zhang

Mr Haris Zografakis

Events and Administration Team

Miss Laura Armstrong

Miss Jo Hazell

Miss Sophie Jones

Mrs Clare Old

Mr Will Shackel

Institute Librarian

Mrs Sara Le Bas


Terms of Reference

Aim

1. The Institute of Maritime Law (IML) should

aim to be (i) a major centre for research, study

and dissemination of maritime law, enjoying an

international reputation for excellence and (ii) a

focus for professional interest in maritime law.

2. The IML shall endeavour to fulfil its aim through

a number of means including, but not limited to,

(i) the provision of maritime law courses and

seminars (ii) the organisation of public lectures in

maritime law and (iii) the maintenance of a library

facility for the study of maritime law.

Governance

3. The IML is a research and enterprise centre

within the Law School. The IML shall at all times

comply with all rules and regulations in force

from time to time within the Law School, Faculty

and University structure.

Organisation

4. All academic staff in the Law School with an

interest in maritime law may be Academic

Members of the IML, as may others from outside

the Law School, from time to time.

5. The IML shall have a Director appointed by the

Head of School in consultation with the Dean

and Academic Members. The Director shall

be responsible for taking decisions regarding

all matters relating to the management of the

Institute from time to time and shall fulfil the

Institute’s internal reporting obligations and shall,

on behalf of the Institute, liaise with other entities

within and outside the University. The Director

shall invite Law School Academics and others

with an interest in Maritime Law to become

Members of the Institute of Maritime Law, subject

to the approval of the Head of School. The tenure

of the Director shall be a period of three years.

6. The IML shall have an Operations Committee

composed from time to time of Academic Members

of the Institute as requested by the Director. The

role of the Operations Committee is to assist

the Director with the day-to-day running of IML

activities. The Operations Committee shall meet

from time to time as necessary. All IML Academic

Members may attend and participate in meetings of

the Operations Committee, subject to permission

of the IML Director.

7. The IML shall have an Advisory Board composed

of approximately six persons external to the

University. It may also include a lesser number of

persons internal to the University but external to

the Law School. The Advisory Board shall advise

the Director on a range of strategic matters,

including developments within the shipping

industry, continuing professional education,

collaboration with external partners, research

funding opportunities and other matters that may

arise from time to time. Advisory Board Members

shall generally be maritime professionals from

the legal community and beyond. Advisory Board

Members shall be invited to join the Advisory

Board for a period of three years by the Director in

consultation with the Operations Committee and

the Head of School. The Advisory Board shall meet

at least two times per year with the Director and

Academic Members.

Review

8. These Terms of Reference shall be reviewed

annually before the commencement of the

academic year by the Head of School, the Academic

Members and Director, and any amendment shall be

approved by a majority of the Academic Members.

9. These Terms of Reference enter into effect on

29th September 2020 and supersede the 1998

Constitution of the IML in its entirety.


Find out more:

www.southampton.ac.uk/iml

@imlsouthampton

www.linkedin.com/company/

institute-of-maritime-law-at-the-university-of-southampton

© University of Southampton 2021


IML Annual Report 2021

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