<strong>TNI</strong> ® Studies 50 Therapy Diagnostics 200 AMERICANJOURNALOFRESPIRATORYANDCRITICALCAREMEDICINE VOL 176 2007 empiric,streamlinedtherapeuticapproachwith<strong>TNI</strong>foralarge proportionofpatientswithsleepapnea. Insummary,ourstudyprovidesclinicalproofofconceptfor employing<strong>TNI</strong>asanoveltreatmentforpatientswithobstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome. Because one flow rate and cannulasizewassufficienttostabilizebreathingpatternsinthe majority of our subjects, titration may be obviated, thereby streamliningtheinitiationoftreatment.Moreover,theminimally intrusivenasalinterfaceof<strong>TNI</strong>mayimprovepatientadherence, andmayultimatelyprovemoreeffectiveinmanagingthelongterm morbidity and mortality of sleep apnea. Further studies willberequiredtoextendthesefindingsandtodeterminethe ultimateroleof<strong>TNI</strong>inmanagingobstructivesleepapnea. ConflictofInterestStatement: B.M.M.doesnothaveafinancialrelationshipwith acommercialentitythathasaninterestinthesubjectofthismanuscript.S.P.P. doesnothaveafinancialrelationshipwithacommercialentitythathasaninterest inthesubjectofthismanuscript.J.P.K.doesnothaveafinancialrelationshipwith acommercialentitythathasaninterestinthesubjectofthismanuscript.P.L.S. doesnothaveafinancialrelationshipwithacommercialentitythathasaninterest inthesubjectofthismanuscript.A.R.S.received$18,000in2006,underaprivate licensingagreementbetweenDr.SchwartzandSeleonGmbH.Thetermsofthis arrangementarebeingmanagedbyJohnsHopkinsUniversityinaccordancewith itsconflictofinterestpolicies.H.S.received$78,000from2003to2006.Under a private licensing agreement between Dr. Schneider and Seleon GmbH, Dr.Schneiderreceivesconsultingfees(U.S.$18,000in2006)andisentitledto royaltypaymentsonthefuturesalesofproductsdescribedinthisarticle.Under aseparatelicensingagreementbetweenDr.SchneiderandSeleonGmbHand JohnsHopkinsUniversity,Dr.Schneiderisentitledtoashareofroyaltyreceived bytheuniversityonsalesofproductsdescribedinthisarticle.Thetermsofthis arrangementarebeingmanagedbyJohnsHopkinsUniversityinaccordancewith itsconflictofinterestpolicies.Fundingforthestudydescribedinthisarticlewas partiallyprovidedbySeleonGmbH. 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