Challinor, Taylor and Company

GLASS
CHALLINOR,
TAYLOR
AND COMPANY
ANIMAL
COVERED
DISHES*
IDENTIFICATION GUIDE
*CHICKENS NOT INCLUDED
JENNIFER PATTON

ABOUT ME
Hi! My name is Jen and this is a little bit about myself. First, I must say this project was a lot of fun.
Like a book from my gradeschool years lol. I don’t know if children today still do book reports, but when
I was in school, they were required and boy did I dread reading the assigned books then having to
summarize them! I loved reading books that interested me and hopefully this will interest you. I created
it for anyone that needs help with identification. For the novice glass collectors that buy animal covered
dishes because they fall in love with the way they look or the type of animals they are, or simply for
their colors. For the avid collectors who enjoy buying a few of each animal regardless of the maker. For
the veteran collectors who may have hundreds of glass dishes who never cease to amaze me with their
beautiful collections. For the people that have inherited or purchased someone’s entire collection or
part of a collection and need help to identify things. For the people like me that are meticulous about
every detail needing to label things and just absolutely need to know the whats, whens, whos, hows and
whys of the animal dishes they own. For me, what started with one Asian yellow stained glass bunny on
a nest, has flourished into a full blown collection of hundreds of mixed and matched animal covered
“candy” dishes of all glass types and colors. No particular glass maker, just everything I can’t live
without. LOL. Anyone that knows me would tell you that I stop at nothing, studying book after book
searching for answers about my own glass animals until I find them. I have never been satisfied with a
mystery….unless it involves me watching Columbo, my lifelong favorite television program! I am a
mystery solver... a true detective. I get this from my Mother, Cindy -Sultana- Wheatley. I need to get to
the bottom of a piece of unidentified glass. It drives me bananas not to know everything I can about
each piece that I own. Next, I will tell you that the monetary value of my glassware means nothing to
me. I collect it because I love it. However, unique and rare is always a find! Sure, like every collector, I
love a bargain and have had to pass up many pieces that I could not afford. Ooooh the ones that got
away. They haunt me. I can assure you that when I get a new addition to my collection, it has found its
forever home. Someone before me and usually possibly before them owned these animal covered
dishes making a kind of history that I can only imagine in my mind, its importance to each person. There
is a reason behind every single glassware in every single dwelling. Glass symbolizes many things. It is
proudly displayed. It is important to the person who owns it. I enjoy seeing the happiness glassware
brings to people, especially these animal covered dishes. Who doesn’t love animals? I also enjoy seeing
my collection knowing these pieces of history live on and hope that when I am long gone, they will be in
other homes. My glass brings me peace; most peaceful in the evenings when the cabinet lights are on
and the glass does its natural thing; what it was intended to do since the day it was made...look pretty!
To me, it is reminiscent of having a year round Christmas Tree. Glass is AMAZING! I am a country girl
through and through. I love all things nature. I am an avid bird watcher and an all around animal lover. I
live in the beautiful state of Kentucky with my husband and our two dogs, Monkey and Johnnie, who by
the way, is named after my all time favorite singer, Johnny Cash.

Glass Animal Covered Dishes © Jennifer Patton
glass animal covered dishes by
Jennifer Patton
cHALLINOR, tAYLOR AND COMPANY
copyright © 2022 by Jennifer Patton
All rights reserved. No parts of this work may be reproduced without
written permission from the copyright holder.
No parts of this work may be reproduced for financial gain by anyone
other than the copyright holder.

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 1
Challinor, Taylor & Company
In 1849, David Challinor and his parents moved from Birmingham, England
to Brackenridge Pennsylvania. While in England, David was an apprentice
glassmaker. He also worked at Pittsburgh's Bakewell, Pears & Co. which
was in business 1808-1882.
1864: David Challinor began operating Pittsburgh Glass MFG Company
in Brackenridge, PA.
1870: David Challinor and Morris McCombs partnered to create
Challinor, McCombs & Company tableware plant in Pittsburgh.
1870: David Challinor and Edward Hogan partnered to create Challinor,
Hogan & Company.
1883: David Challinor ended the partnership with Hogan.
1883: David Challinor relocated one mile away to Tarentum,
Pennsylvania. Tarentum, PA was a hot spot for glass factories because
of the surplus of natural gas. Though we think of the steel industry
when we hear Pittsburgh, Tarentum in the Pittsburgh area was known
for glass making. Among the many glass factories, there were 3 pressed
glass companies located in Tarentum : Challinor & Taylor, Richards &
Hartley, and Tarentum Glass.
1884: David Challinor and David Taylor partnered to create Challinor,
Taylor & Co. Taylor wasn't a glass man. He only handled the finances.
1886: March 24: David Challinor filed for his marble patent. The patent
stated "David Challinor, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania: MANUFACTURE OF
VARIEGATED GLASSWARE: Application filed March 24, 1886..."To all
whom it may concern, be it known that I, DAVID CHALLINOR, residing at
Pittsburg in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, a
citizen of the United States, have invented or discovered certain new
and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Variegated Glassware,
of which improvements the following is a specification. Variegated
glassware has been heretofore manufactured by gathering a quantity
of various-colored glasses upon a blow-pipe, then mixing such colored
glasses together by stirring or twisting them together, and finally

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 2
Challinor, Taylor & Company
blowing the mixed or mingled glasses in a suitable mold"..."I claim herein
as my invention"..."In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand." ---
DAVID CHALLINOR.
By 1886, David Challinor was producing "mosaic" marbled glass. The
marbled glass from Challinor was second to none. Challinor produced
tableware and decorative glass. Also he made a very limited amount of
paperweights which were given to family members. During the late 1880's,
Challinor began producing opal butter dishes or "animal covered dishes".
This 1889 Burley & Tyrrell ad
showed Hen, Duck and Swan
covered butters. The ACD are
most likely in Crystal. I
found it interesting that the
syrup pitchers were offered
in X.L.C.R (Excelsior)*.
The original manufacturers
name (OMN) XLCR was created
by Adams & Company. When
Adams & Co joined the U.S.
Glass combine in 1891, U.S.
Glass began to use the term
XLCR and later changed XLCR
to King's crown. I question if
this ad could be a little closer
to 1891, after C&T joined U.S.
Glass. XLCR pattern in Ruby stain began after the 1891 glass combine. The
covered dishes have pattern names that indicate to me they were sold by
U.S. Glass. I could be wrong! This ad could be from 1889!
Could plain mean
undecorated and
Excelsior mean
Ruby stained?*
*The animal covered dishes were NOT offered in Plain or Excelsior.
No. 130 could mean
the syrups were
by Tarentum Glass

Challinor, Taylor & Company
1891: June 29: Challinor, Taylor & Co joined the U.S. Glass Company
combine. CT became Factory C.
1893: March 19: Factory C burned to the ground and was not rebuilt.
Note that U.S. Glass continued to produce catalogs advertising Challinor,
Taylor and Company animal covered dishes through 1915. Challinor Taylor
molds must have been spared from the fire and poured by other Glass-
Combine-Factories. Mold sharing between the 20* U.S. Glass factories was
common practice. Of course, these 1893-1915 CT animal covered dishes
were sold as U.S Glass items, but collectors today consider them CT. There
are a few ACDs that can be truly attributed to U.S. Glass such as the Duck,
Rabbits, Turkey Bowl, and in part, the Swan. Swan on Water eyes and base
was changed after the 1891 glass combine. I still consider the Swan a CT
dish. The Duck dish was changed after the glass combine to have a smooth
lid rim. Original CT Ducks have stippled rims.
Over time, all combined factories closed until only the Tiffin plant survived.
U.S. Glass Company went bankrupt in 1963 after a tornado on 8-3-63
collapsed the water tower through the roof. and resulted in glass furnaces
to cool and harden. 500,000 lbs. of hardened glass was too much to deal
with. I can only imagine!!!---
1894: November 14: After the 1893 fire at Factory C, Fidelity Glass
Company of Tarentum, PA acquired the former Challinor, Taylor & Co.
glass factory property because they were majority stockholders.
Fidelity Glass factory was
built on the same lot.
Challinor, Taylor and Company
(CT) produced animal covered
dishes before the glass combine
of 1891. This 1891 Challinor-Taylor
catalog advertised Duck, Swan,
Hen, Rooster, Mother Eagle
and Fish Pickle, all with eyes as
their Farm Yard Assortment.
Made in Opal, Turquoise and Olive
*17 factories were combined and 3 new factories were built
1891 Challinor-Taylor Ad stated each animal
and eyes. Photo courtesy of Sid Lethbridge
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton

Challinor, Taylor & Company
CT animal covered dish colors ranged from Crystal (colorless), Crystal,
partially frosted, Crystal hand painted, Opal, Black opaque, Blue opaque,
Green opaque, Turquoise, Olive Green, White opaque, to several shades of
hand painted/decorated "Dominecker". Dominecker is a nickname for
natural or brightly painted colors. Not all CT animals were produced in all
colors. There was even a "mosaic" purple/white marbled CT Hen. Because
there was a Hen in this color, it is possible other animals were too. **These
are/would be UBER RARE**
It is important to note that ONLY CT produced their Farmyard Assortment
in opaque and opaque decorated. US Glass only made crystal plain or
crystal decorated.
Bull's Head, Dog, Dog's Head, Duck, Eagle, Hen, Rooster, and Swan dishes
were produced by Challinor, Taylor and Co. Two Rabbit Dishes are
questionable. Small Rabbit on arches base showed up 11 years after CT
closed. The matching Hen on the same base was attributed to CT/US Glass,
but was likely only made by US Glass. The large Rabbit only appeared in
1898 U.S. Glass advertisement. Large Rabbit is on a smooth rimmed CT
base and was advertised with 4 other CT ACDs. The large Rabbit is likely by
U.S. Glass too, not CT. There is a Fish dish nicknamed by collectors
"Challinor, Taylor Walking Fish", but there has been no attribution to CT
thus far. The Fish dish has a flat disc eye sockets when the glass eyes are
missing. This would be more indicative of Atterbury Glass Co. The Dogs
Head dish has the concave, rounded eye sockets that are consistent with
other Challinor, Taylor ACDs.
Challinor, Taylor and Co.
Factory C burned down in 1893
and was never rebuilt. CT was
short lived 1884-1893, but most
of their ACDs were continued
by a U.S. Glass facility. Their
animal covered dishes are very
collectible today. Some being
quite rare.
1890 Challinor-Taylor Ad. Ad reads: Opal, eyed.
Courtesy of Sid Lethbridge
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton

Challinor, Taylor & Company
Though Challinor, Taylor animal covered dishes are all shown with eyes
in the advertisements, that was not always the case. Some ads indicated
eyes were available. If your CT ACD needs eyes, you may check Etsy or
https://www.glasseyesonline.com
1891 Challinor-Taylor Ad. Photo shared from pg 60
Glass Hen on Nest Covered Dishes Vol I by Shirley Smith.
The page from which this ad was originally lifted was hand decorated
for color. Courtesy of MAGWV.
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton

Challinor, Taylor & Company
1898 U.S. Glass Co.
Large Rabbit first appeared here and again in 1904.
Courtesy Sid Lethbridge.
1898 U.S. Glass Co. photo shared from pg 61
Glass Hen on Nest Covered Dishes Volume 1 by Shirley Smith.
Large Rabbit first appeared here and again in 1904.
Courtesy of MAGWV.
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 6

Challinor, Taylor & Company
1915 U.S. Glass Company Export catalog photo shared from pg 61
Glass Hen on Nest Covered Dishes Vol 1 by Shirley Smith.
Courtesy of MAGWV.
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 7

challinor, taylor bull's head
known as "steers head"
Challinor, Taylor and Company Opal Bull's Head was advertised in the CT
catalog circa 1891. It appeared with the Dog Dish. The ad was titled OPAL
WARE and can be seen on page 130 of Fersons' book, Yesterday's Milk Glass
Today. Although listed as Bull's Head, this dish is commonly called
"Steer's Head". It was produced in White opaque and had large deep eye
sockets for applied glass eyes. 7 7/8" long. **RARE** No known reproductions
***RARE***
Photos are courtesy of Christine Browning
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 8

challinor, taylor bull's head
known as "steers head"
Photos are courtesy of Christine Browning
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 9

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 10
challinor, taylor bull's head
known as "steers head"
ca. 1890 Challinor, Taylor ad
https://www.eapgs.org
Photo courtesy of MAGWV by Tom Bredehoft

Challinor, taylor dog dish
Challinor, Taylor and Company Opal Dog Dish was shown in the CT
advertisement circa 1891 along with 6 other Challinor items. The catalog
page was titled OPAL WARE and can be seen on page 130 of Fersons' book,
Yesterday's Milk Glass Today. Not much is known about this Dog Dish. It
was produced in White opaque and Amber*. Other colors possible. 8" long.
*** EXTREMELY RARE*** No known reproductions
8 INCH DOG DISH FROM THE CHALLINOR OPAL WARE AD
Courtesy of Sid Lethbridge
Early American Pattern Glass Society
Source: https://www.eapgs.org
*Ruth Webb Lee describes the dog dish in an Amber color on page 309 of:
Victorian Glass by Ruth Webb Lee, copyright 1944
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 11

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 12
Challinor, Taylor?
Dog's head mustard jar
Opaque News article and photo by Jeffrey Swantek

continued:
Challinor, Taylor?
Dog's head mustard jar
Opaque News article and photos by Jeffrey Swantek
I had never seen or heard of this ***EXTREMELY RARE***dish before. Could this possibly have
been a competitive piece to Atterbury's Bull's Head? Perhaps. I would imagine that many were
broken long ago. Maybe by children whose parent(s) allowed them to play with the adorable
Scotty Dog dish or by overuse at kitchen tables. We may never know.
But! this could explain why we don't see this dish today. It is a wonderful piece.
Thankfully Mr. Swantek has it in his collection and wrote this article!
It is the only thing I could find. All credit goes to Mr. Swantek.
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 13

Challinor, Taylor Duck ON Wavy Base
Challinor, Taylor and Co. Duck on Wavy Base was advertised in 1891 as part
of the CT "Farm Yard Assortment". The Duck was a butter dish. Glass eyes
were an option at original time of purchase. They were sold separately
which was normal practice for CT. Eyes were applied by the merchant or
buyer. (EYE INFO: Jeffrey Swantek/ Opaque News/ NMGCS/ Dec 2010). CT
joined the U.S. Glass combine in 1891 and U.S. Glass continued to produce
the Duck until 1915. One ID tip is: CT produced the Duck in opaque colors.
Colors of the ducks can also be helpful for ID. CT Duck is unmarked.
8" long. (About 1/16" less than 8").
Continued production under U.S. Glass 1893-1915 in Crystal and Crystal
Decorated. They did not make Ducks in opaque.
Between 1932-1963, "Tiffin" Ducks were produced at Factory 'R' of the
U.S. Glass Co. combine. Factory 'R' was located
at 4th Ave & Vine Street in Tiffin, Ohio.
Factory 'R' closed in 1963. Tiffin shield
labels were used on these Ducks
between 1955-1963. This location
became Tiffin Art Glass in 1963.
Tiffin Glass Company continued the Duck
1963-1979 under different companies.
Tail of Ducks have an odd rectangular
shaped mold repair. Tiffin shield label.
Westmoreland made a similar Duck
1950s-1983/'84. Marked WG.
Vogelsong, owner of Summit Art Glass,
bought the Tiffin mold and produced
it 1984-1985. He later bought the
Westmoreland Duck mold and
reproduced it 1990's-2000's.
Rosso Wholesale had the Duck
reproduced using a Westmoreland
mould. Colors are the key to ID these
because some only bare a WG logo.
Some bare a Rosso logo as well.
1990's-2000's.
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
COLORS:
Blue Opaque
Green Opaque **RARE**
"Dominecker": dish
painted in natural colors
or Brightly decorated
body (with greens,
browns and blues)
May be on a white nest
Canary (UV Reactive)
White Opaque
Dominecker style
Denise Brouillette

Challinor, Taylor Duck ON Wavy Base
White Opaque
Christine
Browning
BASE: Notice the lines end
at the very edge around the
rim underside.
WG and newer Summit Art
Glass Ducks do not.
Photo by Christine Browning
Unusual crimp marks left by tools when
removing glass from the mold.
Photo by Christine Browning
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton

CHALLINOR, TAYLOR DUCK ON WAVY BASE
Green Opaque photo shared from the Milk Glass book by Frank Chiarenza
& James Slater, p173 copyright 1998 Chiarenza & Slater
Brightly Decorated Dominecker
Opacity Partners
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton

CHALLINOR, TAYLOR DUCK ON WAVY BASE
Opal Duck. Eyed.
1890 Challinor, Taylor ad
1891 Challinor-Taylor Ad
Opal Duck. Eyed.
1891 Challinor-Taylor Ad
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Opal Duck Eyed Decoration A
Note: Color was added to the advertisement
to show available decorations.
Top photos courtesy of Sid Lethbridge. Bottom photos courtesy of MAGWV.

CHALLINOR, TAYLOR DUCK ON WAVY BASE
1898 US Glass Ad
Duck
Also made decorated
1904 US Glass ad
Duck. Plain or Decorated
1907 US Glass ad
Duck Butter and Cover
Top photo courtesy of MAGWV. Bottom photos courtesy of Sid Lethbridge
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 17

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 18
CHALLINOR, TAYLOR DUCK ON WAVY BASE
1915 US Glass Company export catalog. The text is
in Spanish. Export must have been to Mexico.
Duck Butter and Cover
Price per doz...........$2.00
Gross weight..........54 kilos
Precto por doc........$2.00
Peso bruto.............54 kilos
Dozen to bubble.......2 1/2
Doc a barril...............2 1/2

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 19
CHALLINOR, TAYLOR MOTHER EAGLE
Challinor, Taylor and Co. Mother Eagle dish was advertised in 1891 as part of the CT
Farmyard Assortment in opaque colors of Turquoise, Olive Green, and Opal, White.
Tending to 3 hungry babies, her head is turned left, protecting the eaglets. CT joined
the U.S. Glass combine in 1891. The Mother Eagle dish did not reappear in the 1898
advertisements after Challinor, Taylor & Co. became part of the U.S. Glass Company.
Two types of eyes exist. Applied glass eyes and molded eyes. 7 1/8" long. *SCARCE*
Reproduced by Westmoreland Glass Company on diamond weave base, lacy base, or smooth
CT style base. Glass eyes. Marked with old WG logo. WG Reproduction is 7 1/2” long. 1950's-
1982. Note the size difference from original.
Reproduced by AA Importing Company and other imports in Blue Milk Glass, Pink, Blue and
Green translucent on diamond weave bases. Smooth base bottom. Unmarked. 1972-present
Reproduced by Westmoreland Glass Company for Levay Distributing 1977-1982
Reproduced by Fenton in Light Amethyst Carnival. 1991.
CHALLINOR, TAYLOR & CO. MOTHER EAGLE, MOLDED EYE
PHOTOS COURTESY OF Jeffrey Swantek

CHALLINOR, TAYLOR MOTHER EAGLE
CHALLINOR, TAYLOR & CO.
MOTHER EAGLE, GLASS EYES
CT MOTHER EAGLE BASE. SWANTEK POINTS OUT THE BASKET WEAVE
BASE HAS A GRANULAR SURFACE NEAR THE RIM.
Stippled lid rim
PHOTOS COURTESY OF JEFFREY SWANTEK
This ct mother eagle is a part of the jeffrey swantek
collection. Mr. Swantek tells that prior to this, it had
been in a museum since the 1920's and was deaccessed by
the museum.
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 20

CHALLINOR, TAYLOR MOTHER EAGLE
CT SMOOTH RIM BASKET BASE Christine Browning
MISSING EYE
MOLDED EYES Denise Brouillette CONED, CONCAVE SOCKET Christine Browning
WESTMORELAND REPRODUCTION
Jeffrey Swantek
CHALLINOR TAYLOR ORIGINAL
Jeffrey Swantek
EXAMINE THESE CLOSELY. notice the differences
REPRODUCTION was DONE very well. ct has better detail.
Beak, Eyes, Wavy line patterns, Rims
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 21

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 22
CHALLINOR, TAYLOR MOTHER EAGLE
1891 Challinor-Taylor Ad. This is the only time the Eagle was advertised.
Ad read: Opal Eagle, eyed.
Courtesy of Sid Lethbridge

cHALLINOR, TAYLOR BLOCK SWAN
Challinor, Taylor and Company (CT) Block Swan was advertised in the 1891 CT
catalog as part of their "Farm Yard Assortment". The Swan was used as a butter dish.
The glass eyes were an option at original time of purchase. They were sold and
shipped separately, which was normal practice for CT. Unlike Atterbury, CT never
applied eyes at their glass factory. The responsibility was left to the merchant or the
buyer. (EYE INFO: Jeffrey Swantek/ Opaque News/ NMGCS/ Dec 2010). These swans
have been seen with blue, brown, yellow and black eyes. Other colors possible. The
Swan has a unique base. It's flange is rimmed with blocks and the bottom displays a
large star with 8 rays. Some Black opaque Swans have been seen hand painted and
paired with White bases. 8" long x 6 1/4" high. Totally Black Swans are scarce.
Green, Turquoise and Olive Swans are ***RARE*** No known reproductions
PLEASE NOTE: BLOCK SWANS HAVE
BEEN SEEN PAIRED WITH SMOOTH
RIMMED BASKET BASES. THE BLOCK
SWAN WAS NOT SHOWN IN ANY
CATALOG THIS WAY, BUT WAS
SHOWN IN BOOKS AND MAGAZINES.
COLORS:
Crystal
Crystal, partially frosted
Opal
Black Opaque (milk
glass)/also paired on White
Base.
Turquoise
Olive Green
White Opaque (milk glass)
Green Opaque (milk glass)
Blue Opaque (milk glass)
Swans may be Decorated
with Hand Paint
1891 Challinor Talor Catalog offered Opal, Turquoise
& Olive. Ad stated all had available eyes.
RIGHT: 1891 Challinor-Taylor ad This ad stated with
eyes. Note: Color was added to the advertisement to
show available decorations.
Challinor Taylor became part of the US Glass Company combine as Factory C in 1891.
Factory C continued productions of the Swan until 1893 when a fire destroyed the
factory. Factory C was never rebuilt. US Glass continued production of the Swan from
a different facility. The last advertised Swan was shown in 1898 U.S. Glass Ad.
CT Ad Photos shared from pp 59-60 of Hen on Nest Covered Dishes
Volume 1 by Shirley Smith. Courtesy of MAGWV.
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton

cHALLINOR, TAYLOR BLOCK SWAN
White Opaque Gayle Gyssler Marvel
Blue Opaque Marian Lanchman
Black Opaque Shared from pg 174 of
the Milk Glass Book
by Chiarenza & Slater
Green Opaque Shared from pg 174 of
the Milk Glass Book by
Chiarenza & Slater
Crystal with frosted parts
Denise Brouillette
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 24

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 25
challinor, taylor block swan
Black, Hand Painted/White base
Stephen C. StClair
White
Opaque
Photos by
Jennifer
Patton
LEFT: Rays on
Bottom of base

cHALLINOR, TAYLOR BLOCK SWAN
Block Swans paired on smooth rimmed basket bases have appeared in 4 books and
one magazine*. The Early American Pattern Glass Society also shows the Block Swan
in their EAPG database on either base. https://www.eapgs.org/
This base is as an interchangeable option.
Page 174 of the Milk Glass book by Chiarenza & Slater mentions: "The Swan appears
to have been made available on either a flanged base or the traditional basket weave
base". Previously shown on basket weave bases in White opaque in the following
books: Belknap-186, Millard-277, Newbound-133 and Blue opaque in Ferson-9.
*Blue Opaque Swan appeared on the cover of the HOBBIES magazine in May of 1940
on a smooth rimmed basket base. Ferson's Yesterday's Milk Glass Today / page 130
Green Opaque
Shared from p174 of the Milk Glass
Book by Chiarenza & Slater
White Opaque
Stephen C. StClair
Crystal, Frosted Gilded Base, usually
paired with CT Rooster by Leah Hardin
Crystal, Frosted
Stephen C. StClair
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 26

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 27
cHALLINOR, tAYLor SWAN on water
featuring Christmas tree base swan
Challinor, Taylor and Company (CT) Swan on Water appeared in the 1891 Challinor,
Taylor catalog. It was labeled No. 1 Opal Swan, eyed and was produced in White
opaque and Crystal. This was an original CT Swan. It was atop a smooth rimmed
basket base and had large applied glass eyes. 7" long.
After CT joined U.S. Glass Company combine in December of 1891, the Swan's
appearance changed. CT continued production of the Swan under U.S. Glass, but the
new Swan soon had molded eyes and was on a "Christmas" Tree base. This is
referred to as the Christmas Tree Swan because the fully detailed base contains a
conifer/pine tree that resembles a Christmas tree. White & Blue opaque. 7" long.
Though the 1891 CT catalog illustration Swan appears to have an open neck, this
is not the case. These Swans are closed neck. Block Swans have open necks.
No known reproductions. Upon closer inspection, you can see Westmoreland
Specialty Company Closed Neck Swan lid is similar. The top halves of the lids
(the actual Swan parts) are nearly identical. WSC version is missing the
fish/water and atop a diamond weave base and is only 5 1/2" long.
No. 1 Swan in Crystal
Christine Browning
Marriage of Lid/Base Opacity Partners
Lid is eyed. Eyed swans belong on
smooth rimmed basket base.

cHALLINOR, tAYLor SWAN on water
featuring Christmas tree base swan
1890 Challinor, Taylor ad.
1891 Challinor, Taylor catalog shows No. 1 Opal Swan Eyed. The applied glass eyed
Swans are on smooth rimmed basket bases and molded eyed Swans are on
Christmas tree bases. By Tom Bredehoft via MAGWV. Top photo shared from Glass
Hen on Nest Covered Dishes ID & Value Guide Vol. 1 by Shirley Smith page 62. Both
photos courtesy of MAGWV.
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 28

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 29
Challinor, taylor swan on water
Featuring "Christmas Tree" base Swan
All photos courtesy of Christine Browning

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 30
CHALLINOR, TAYLOR AND COMPANY
BIBLIOGRAPHY: Challinor, Taylor & Co:
Online: https://sha.org/bottle/pdffiles/FidelityGlassCo.pdf (mentions
November 14, 1894, edition of China, Glass & Lamps article) -HISTORY
Book: Glass Hen on Nest Covered Dishes Identification & Value Guide
Second Edition Volume 1 by Shirley Smith, published by Glass Flakes
Press, copyright 2015 Page 59-CT AD, Page 60-PHOTO OF 1889 BURLEY-
TYRELL CATALOG PAGE, Page 60-1891 U.S GLASS FACTORY C PHOTO,
Page 62-CT AD
Facebook:
www.facebook.com/groups/GlassHensandAnimalCoveredDishes Post
by Jerry Miller-GLASS EYE REPLACEMENT LINK
Book: Victorian Glass by Ruth Webb Lee, published by The Ferris Printing
Company, NY, copyright 1944 by Ruth Webb Lee Page 313-DUCK COLORS
Book: Welcome Home, Westmoreland by Ruth Ann Grizel, published by
FSJ Publishing Company, copyright 1990 by Ruth Grizel Page 78-DUCK
DIFFERENCES
Book: the Milk Glass Book by Frank Chiarenza & James Slater, published
by Schiffer Publishing Ltd, copyright 1998 by Frank Chiarenza and James
Slater Page 80-STEER’S HEAD PHOTOS, Page 173- DUCK PHOTO, Page
174-SWAN PHOTOS & SWAN ON SMOOTH RIMMED BASKET INFO
Newsletter Article: Opaque News / December 2010 / National Milk Glass
Collector’s Society by Jeffrey Swantek-EYES
Book: Yesterday’s Milk Glass Today by Regis F. Ferson & Mary F. Ferson,
copyright 1981 by Regis F. Ferson and Mary F. Ferson Page 130-PLANT ‘C’
FIRE, Page 130-SWAN U.S. GLASS AD ONLY IN WHITE MILK GLASS, Page
130-CT OPAL DOG DISH ADVERTISEMENT CIRCA 1891, Page 130-CT OPAL
BULL’S HEAD ADVERTISEMENT CIRCA 1891
Book: Glass Hen on nest Covered Dishes Identification & Value Guide
Volume 1 by Shirley Smith, published by Glass Flakes Press, MAGWV,
copyright 2015 Page 61-1891 CT AD / 1898 US GLASS AD

© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
Page 31
CHALLINOR, TAYLOR AND COMPANY
BIBLIOGRAPHY: Challinor, Taylor & Co
Facebook: Information by Jeffrey Swantek of the National Milk Glass
Collector’s Society-SWANS CT/US GLASS SWANS ON DIFFERENT BASES
Newsletter Article: Opaque News Volume 33 Issue 1/March 2017 "Dog's
Head Mustard" article by Jeffrey Swantek Pages 10-11
Thank you for your permissions!
Tom Felt, MAGWV
Shirley Smith via MAGWV
Family of Frank Chiarenza
Attorney of Frank Chiarenza
Sid Lethbridge, EAPGS
Jeffrey Swantek, NMGCS
John Vosevich, NMGCS
Early American Pattern Glass Society, Tom Bredehoft via MAGWV
ALL photo contributors