Angelus News | October 7, 2022 | Vol. 7 No. 20

ANGELUS
WHEN THE
CROWN
MEETS THE
CROSS
Five queens who
loved God and
changed history
October 7, 2022 Vol. 7 No. 20

ANGELUS
October 7, 2022
Vol. 7 • No. 20
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ON THE COVER
VATICAN MUSEUMS & GALLERIES/©
STEFANO BALDINI/BRIDGEMAN IMAGES
“Vision of Saint Helen,” by 16th-century Italian artist Veronese,
depicts one of the many Christian queens throughout
history whose faith changed the course of history. For
many, the death of Britain’s Queen Elizabeth II has awakened
fascination with the legacy of Christian monarchies. On
Page 10, historian Phillip Campbell introduces five Catholic
women who, like Queen Elizabeth, loved God — and their
people — by putting duty above personal interest.
THIS PAGE
VICTOR ALEMÁN
Curtis Martin, the founder of FOCUS (Fellowship
of Catholic University Students) greets
women religious at the Los Angeles Catholic
Prayer Breakfast Sept. 20 in the Cathedral of
Our Lady of the Angels Plaza. Martin was the
keynote speaker at this year’s breakfast, and
gave a rousing talk about living the Catholic
faith more authentically and sharing it as
“missionary disciples.”
ANGELUS is published biweekly by The
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Pope Watch.................................................................................................................................... 2
Archbishop Gomez..................................................................................................................... 3
World, Nation, and Local News.......................................................................................... 4-6
In Other Words............................................................................................................................. 7
Father Rolheiser............................................................................................................................ 8
Scott Hahn................................................................................................................................... 32
Events Calendar......................................................................................................................... 33
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CONTENTS
LA Catholics called to generosity, prayer at annual immigration Mass
John Allen explains the pope’s uneasy remarks about a Chinese cardinal
The quiet struggles — and joys — of marriage to a non-Catholic
Debunking an LA Times myth about abortion and the Church
For Robert Brennan, a coach’s conversion comes full circle
Sign up for our free, daily e-newsletter
Always Forward - newsletter.angelusnews.com
28
30
‘No Greater Love’ reveals the heart of Mother Teresa’s radical mission
Heather King on the way back to reclaiming ‘glorious womanhood’
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 1

POPE WATCH
A catechist’s manual
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Telling the story of the
Catholic Church — both here
in Southern CA and
across the globe.
The following is adapted from Pope
Francis’ Sept. 10 address at the Vatican
to participants in the International
Congress of Catechists.
I
beg you: never tire of being catechists.
Not of “giving a lesson” of
catechesis. Catechesis cannot be
like an hour at school, but rather a
living experience of the faith that each
one of us feels the desire to transmit to
the new generations.
Certainly, we must find the best ways
to ensure that the communication of
faith is adequate to the age and preparation
of the people who are listening
to us; yet the personal encounter we
have with each one of them is decisive.
Only the interpersonal encounter
opens the heart to receive the first
proclamation and to desire to grow
in the Christian life with the proper
dynamism that catechesis allows.
Never forget the purpose of catechesis,
which is a privileged stage in
evangelization, that of meeting Jesus
Christ and allowing him to grow in us.
We understand why Jesus told us
that his commandment is this: That
you love one another as I have loved.
True love is that which comes from
God and which Jesus revealed by the
mystery of his presence among us, by
his preaching, his miracles and above
all by his death and resurrection. The
love of Christ remains as the true and
only commandment of the new life,
which the Christian, with the help of
the Holy Spirit, makes his own day by
day in a journey that knows no rest.
Dear catechists, you are required to
make visible and tangible the person
of Jesus Christ, who loves each one of
you, and therefore becomes the rule
of our life and the criterion of judgment
for our moral action. Never stray
from this source of love, because it is
the condition for being happy and full
of joy, always, and despite everything.
This is the new life that sprung forth
in us on the day of our baptism, and
which we have the responsibility to
share with everyone, so that it may
grow in everyone and bear fruit.
I am sure that this journey will lead
many of you to discover fully the
vocation of being a catechist, and
therefore to ask to enter the ministry
of catechist. I instituted this ministry
knowing the great role it can play in
the Christian community. Do not be
afraid: If the Lord calls you to this
ministry, follow him! You will be participants
in the same mission of Jesus
of proclaiming his Gospel and introducing
others to the filial relationship
with God the Father.
There was a religious sister who laid
down the foundation of my Christian
life, preparing me for first Communion,
in the years 1943 to 1944. Years
later, when I returned to Argentina
from studying abroad in Germany,
the day after, she died. I was able to
accompany her that day. And when I
was there, praying before her coffin,
I thanked the Lord for the witness of
that sister who passed her life almost
entirely in giving catechesis, preparing
children and youngsters for first Communion.
She was called Dolores.
I let myself say this to bear witness
that a good catechist leaves a trace;
not only the trace of what he or she
sows, but the trace of the person who
has sown.
Papal Prayer Intention for October: We pray for the Church;
ever faithful to, and courageous in preaching the Gospel,
may the Church be a community of solidarity, fraternity, and
welcome, always living in an atmosphere of synodality.
ANGELUS
2 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

NEW WORLD OF FAITH
ARCHBISHOP JOSÉ H. GOMEZ
Where holiness happens
Oct. 11 will mark the 60th anniversary
of the opening of the
Second Vatican Council.
Pope St. John XXIII conceived Vatican
II as an opportunity for the world’s
bishops to reflect on the Church’s
mission in the modern world.
The chief question was how the
Church’s ancient truths and spiritual
riches could best be presented to
proclaim Jesus Christ as the light of
the world, and bring the people of
our times to a new encounter with his
promise of salvation.
Most Catholics today have no memory
of the Church before Vatican
II, they’ve simply grown up with the
vision of faith and life handed on by
the council.
But 60 years is not a long time in
the life of the Church. The work of
Church councils has been compared
to planting seed. It takes time, maybe
centuries, for their fruits to fully develop.
For me, Vatican II’s most beautiful
“seed” is its teaching on “the universal
call to holiness.” In the council’s
document on the Church, “Lumen
Gentium” (“Light of the Nations”), we
read:
“Everyone in the Church … is
called to holiness. … The Lord Jesus,
the divine teacher and model of all
perfection, preached holiness of life to
each and every one of his disciples of
every condition. … They must follow
in his footsteps and conform themselves
to his image seeking the will of the
Father in all things. They must devote
themselves with all their being to the
glory of God and the service of their
neighbor.”
This is such a thrilling vision of our
life as disciples, as followers of Jesus!
The council rediscovered the key to
Jesus’ teaching in the Sermon on the
Mount: “So be perfect, just as your
heavenly Father is perfect.”
To be perfect means to be holy, as
God is holy. And holiness is the perfection
of love. And Jesus gives us no
options. His words are a command. To
every one of us.
The truth is that we are created to be
saints. Holiness is our vocation, the
purpose of our lives. St. Paul taught:
“This the will of God, your holiness.”
Sixty years later, we are still trying to
work out what this means.
The council reminds us that holiness
is not something only for special
people, or for those in the Church
with ordained or consecrated ministries.
All of us in the Church are
called to holiness, each in our own
way.
No matter who we are, no matter
what our condition in life, you and I
are all called to walk in the footprints
of Jesus, to conform our lives to his
image, and to seek the Father’s will in
everything that we do.
In practice, this means that we need
to try to be saints in the middle of the
world. Jesus meets us, and calls us to
follow him, in the ordinary circumstances
of our everyday lives.
The saints teach us that we grow in
holiness and virtue little by little, day
by day. Little things matter in a big
way.
So we need to be faithful to our
spiritual life: Are we making time to
pray every day? Are we spending time
with Jesus by reading the Gospels? Do
we set aside a few minutes before Mass
to prepare ourselves to meet Jesus in
the Eucharist, in holy Communion
especially?
So much of our growth in the spiritual
life is about keeping faithful to
our devotions and practices. Spending
time in prayer, asking the Lord for guidance,
asking the Lord for help. Even
when we are tired, even when we don’t
feel like doing it.
We also need to be faithful in the
little things of charity, of love. That
means being devoted to your wives
Vatican II reminds us that holiness is not something
only for special people, or for those in the
Church with ordained or consecrated ministries.
and husbands, it means carrying out
your duties in your families. It means
responding generously to people who
need your help, or even just your attention,
or just a little bit of your time.
Our Catholic faith is never about
grand gestures. It’s about quietly doing
the things that we know we should be
doing, every day. Holiness happens
in our homes, at the dinner table. It
happens in school, and at work. Caring
for your elderly parents.
That is the great teaching of Vatican
II: we become holy, as our Father in
heaven is holy, by following his Son on
earth, by doing what Jesus would want
us to do in all the little and ordinary
realities of our daily lives.
Pray for me, and I will pray for you.
And in this month that we dedicate
to the most holy rosary, let us ask Our
Blessed Mother Mary to help the
seeds of Vatican II keep growing, and
to renew in each of us a new desire to
answer the call to holiness, to be saints.
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 3

WORLD
Bishop Aloysius Fondong
retrieves the Blessed
Sacrament from a burned
out church in Nchang.
| AID TO THE CHURCH IN
NEED/YOUTUBE
■ Cameroon crisis leads to kidnapped Catholics
A Catholic diocese in Cameroon, where a civil war has unleashed violence
against Christians, says it will not pay ransom for five priests, one religious sister
and two laypeople who were kidnapped Sept. 16.
“We don't want to create dangerous precedents,” said Archbishop Andrew Nkea
Fuanya of Bamenda, president of the country’s bishops’ conference.
The church in the city of Nchang where the victims were taken from was also
burned during the attack. The region’s Catholic bishops warned that “all kinds of
threat messages” are being sent to “missionaries who have surrendered their lives
to work for the people.”
Cameroon has been in a civil war since 2017. Known as the “Anglophone
Crisis,” separatists from the country’s Anglophone regions in the northwest and
southwest have rebelled against government forces. Thousands have been killed
and as many as 500,000 people have been displaced by the conflict.
A queen’s ecumenical legacy — Queen Elizabeth II is believed to be the first British monarch in four centuries
with an official Catholic presence at their funeral. Cardinal Vincent Nichols of Westminster (first row, in red)
was among those asked to lead prayers during the queen’s state funeral on Sept. 19. The late queen’s heir, King
Charles III, has signaled that he will continue his mother’s warm approach to ecumenical dialogue. | GETTY
IMAGES/POOL
■ Vatican contest
seeks a jubilee score
The Vatican is asking Catholics for
help writing the music for the 2025
jubilee year’s official hymn.
Early next year, the Vatican’s Dicastery
for Evangelization will begin accepting
submissions for an original composition
to accompany the text “Pilgrims
of Hope,” written by theologian and
composer Msgr. Pierangelo Sequeri.
Entries must include a score for voice
and organ, and be able to be sung by
congregations and by four-part choirs.
“[T]he prayers of the people of Israel
were written to be sung, and it was in
song that the most human events were
presented before the Lord,” explained
the contest announcement. “The
tradition of the Church has continued
this, making music and song one of the
lungs of its liturgy.”
An ordinary jubilee occurs every 25
years and is a special year of pilgrimage
and prayer in the Catholic Church.
The last ordinary jubilee year was in
2000.
■ A controversial
blessing in Belgium
A group of Catholic bishops in Belgium
has issued a Catholic prayer for
committed gay couples that appears to
be at odds with Vatican instructions.
The country’s five Flemish bishops
(Flemish is the dialect of Dutch spoken
in Flanders, one of the three autonomous
regions of Belgium) published
the prayer Sept. 20. They said it is not
a marriage blessing, and that it follows
requests from gay couples asking “a
moment of prayer to ask that God bless
and make endure their commitment of
love and fidelity.”
Critics say that the bishops are in
defiance of the Dicastery for the
Doctrine of the Faith, which in March
2021 insisted that the Catholic Church
“does not have, and cannot have, the
power to bless” same sex unions.
The bishops also created a special
office to “create a climate of respect,
recognition and integration” for Catholics
who identify as “LGBT.”
4 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

NATION
■ Transported migrants get Catholic support
Several Catholic bishops criticized the ongoing shuttling of migrants by Republican
governors to northern states as disrespectful and politically motivated.
After Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis took credit for flying 48 migrants from San
Antonio to Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts, Florida’s Catholic bishops called
the move “disconcerting.”
“To use migrants and refugees as pawns offends God, destroys society and
shows how low individuals can [stoop] for personal gains,” Archbishop Gustavo
García-Siller of San Antonio tweeted Sept. 18.
Bishop Thomas Tobin of Providence, Rhode Island, compared the plight of the
migrants to that of unborn children threatened by abortion, tweeting that neither
“should be exploited for political points.”
Catholic Charities of the Diocese of Fall River in Massachusetts has been coordinating
legal services and medical care for the migrants sent to Martha’s Vineyard,
as well as providing “humanitarian support” such as clothing, food, and shelter.
■ US bishops release major synod ‘synthesis’ document
The responses of more than 700,000 participants in the ongoing synodal process
have been released in a synthesized report from the U.S. bishops.
The bishop overseeing the U.S. process, Bishop Daniel E. Flores of Brownsville,
called the document “an important step” as the Church prepares for the global
phase of the Synod of Bishops on Synodality, which will culminate in a Vatican
meeting in October 2023.
The document reports that U.S Catholics continue to feel wounded by the
clerical abuse crisis and divided by the lack of unity among the bishops. The summary
calls for lifelong spiritual, pastoral, and catechetical formation, authentic
accompaniment of the marginalized, and better collaboration between laypeople,
especially women, and clergy.
Approximately 1% of U.S. Catholics participated in local listening sessions, surveys,
and other events over the past year.
America underwater — Members of the Puerto Rico National Guard rescue a woman stranded in her house
on Sept. 19 in the aftermath of Hurricane Fiona in Salinas, Puerto Rico. Catholic aid agencies including Catholic
Charities USA and Caritas of Puerto Rico have appealed for donations as they organize distributions of food,
water, and other essentials in the aftermath of the storm. | CNS/RICARDO ARDUENGO
Father Vincent R. Capodanno. | CNS/MARYKNOLL
FATHERS AND BROTHERS
■ Vietnam chaplain’s
sainthood cause hits
roadblock
Supporters of a Vietnam War chaplain’s
sainthood cause say they’ll “persevere”
despite a setback in the process.
Known as “Grunt Padre” during his
service in the Vietnam War, the Maryknoll
missionary from New York was
killed while working with the wounded
and giving last rites, earning him the
Medal of Honor.
But this summer, a team of theological
consultants recommended the Vatican
suspend the cause. They worried
that the argument for canonization
submitted by the priest’s supporters
focused too much on his final year and
did not provide a full enough picture
of whether he met the “virtuous life”
standard required to move forward in
the process.
“I think that objection is valid,” Msgr.
Robert Sarno, who served 38 years with
the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints,
told Catholic News Agency. “They
have to prove a virtuous life. And you
can’t do that in the last year, so that
needs to be filled in.”
“We will be able to restate our rationale,”
Mary Preece, vice postulator of
the cause told Catholic News Service.
“It’s disappointing … but I’m not at the
point of despair. We will persevere.”
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 5

LOCAL
■ Mission pastor speaks up for
Serra at Ventura board meeting
The pastor of Mission Basilica San Buenaventura defended the legacy of St.
Junípero Serra against the “inaccurate, inflammatory testimony” that led county
officials to remove his likeness from the county seal earlier this year.
“The missions in California remain a testament to the founding of Western
civilization and the introduction of the Catholic faith — which most Indigenous
descendants in California profess,” said Father Thomas Elewaut in remarks to
the Ventura County Board of Supervisors Sept. 20.
On May 24, the supervisors voted 4-1 to approve a new county seal that removed
an image of St. Junípero, as well as images referring to the oil industry,
sailing, agriculture, and atomic energy that were in the original seal.
Father Elewaut cited the research of several secular historians in his remarks.
Among the claims refuted by Father Elewaut is that St. Junípero was responsible
for genocide of California’s native peoples.
“Comparison [of Franciscan acts] to genocide is false. The U.S. government
paying people to slaughter others, that’s genocide,” said Father Elewaut, quoting
retired University of Redlands historian James Sandos, Ph.D.
■ Bishops turn to Our Lady of
the Holy Rosary to defeat Prop 1
California’s bishops want Catholics to join them in asking for the Virgin Mary’s
intercession to defeat “the most egregious expansion of abortion this country has
ever seen” this fall.
The “Novena to Our Lady of the Holy Rosary to Defeat Proposition 1” began
Friday, Sept. 29 and runs through Oct. 7, the feast of Our Lady of the Rosary.
Prop 1 would enshrine a right to abortion in the state’s constitution, in response
to the overturning of Roe v. Wade by the U.S. Supreme Court last summer.
“Prop 1 does absolutely nothing to help [women in crisis pregnancies] find a
path of hope and light to honor what Pope Francis calls ‘the unique and irreplaceable
gift that is every human child,’ ” said Bishop Joseph V. Brennan of Fresno in
a Sept. 23 video message announcing the novena.
To sign up to receive a bishop’s reflection video for each day of the novena, text
“BornReady” to 50457.
Making it official — Archbishop José H. Gomez joins in applause for Msgr. Antonio Cacciapuoti at his official
installation as pastor of the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels at 10 a.m. Mass on Sunday, Sept. 18. Msgr. Cacciapuoti
was appointed pastor earlier this year following 12 years as pastor of St. Bede the Church in La Cañada
Flintridge. | VICTOR ALEMÁN
Washington Cardinal Wilton D. Gregory. | CNS/
MATTHEW BARRICK/CATHOLIC STANDARD
■ Washington cardinal
to speak at LA Red Mass
Cardinal Wilton Gregory, archbishop
of Washington, D.C., will headline
the Archdiocese of Los Angeles’
annual Red Mass at the Cathedral of
Our Lady of the Angels on Wednesday,
Oct. 26.
Cardinal Gregory, the Church’s first
African American cardinal, will give
the homily at the 5:30 p.m. Mass celebrated
by Archbishop José H. Gomez.
He was president of the U.S. Conference
of Catholic Bishops (USCCB)
from 2001 to 2004, and is currently
chancellor of the Catholic University
of America.
In addition, U.S. District Judge
Philip S. Gutierrez, chief judge for
the Central District of California, will
give this year’s closing remarks.
Organized by the local chapter of
the St. Thomas More Society, the Red
Mass is an ecumenical, civic celebration
that honors judges, lawyers,
legislators, and legal professionals.
Y
6 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

V
IN OTHER WORDS...
Letters to the Editor
An anniversary worth celebrating
I was delighted to read Angelus’ coverage of the 30th anniversary of
the publication of the Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC) in
the Sept. 23 issue.
The Archdiocese of Los Angeles enjoys an important connection to the CCC:
the future Cardinal William Levada served on the commission that St. Pope John
Paul II established to compile the text. Cardinal Levada was first a priest and later
an auxiliary bishop in Los Angeles.
I am not so sure about the claim that the CCC risks becoming some kind of a
“sacred relic.” But I do wonder how many Catholic religious leaders and instructors
are very familiar with its contents. People often look for answers without
realizing that they may be found in the CCC.
Archbishop José H. Gomez stated rightly in his article that “the catechism is a
great witness to our hope in Jesus Christ.” Therefore, I echo the voice heard by St.
Augustine: “Pick up and read.”
— Msgr. Laurence J. Spiteri, Vatican City
Don’t judge ‘Rings of Power’ so quickly
I was expecting to agree strongly with Stefano Rebeggiani’s review of “The Rings
of Power” in the Sept. 23 issue, but I find myself defending the show.
As I read it, the review argues that the show is failing to exhibit Tolkien’s philosophy,
and where it does, waters it down to the point of cliché. I believe that
judgment is premature. One indispensable element of Tolkien’s “philosophy” is
that the story always comes first. If we had a clear sense of the “moral of the story”
after roughly three hours of the planned 50, we would be in flagrant violation of
that central principle.
As for the argument that the similarities between the Second Age of Middle
Earth and today’s world “are too obvious to be ignored”: The more the show
stays within its own world, the better. Any attempt at allegory will undoubtedly
be of the Trump-is-Sauron variety. Its absence thus far has been one of the show’s
redeeming (or at least non-damning) qualities.
— Andy Lessard, St. Therese Church, Alhambra
Y
Continue the conversation! To submit a letter to the editor, visit AngelusNews.com/Letters-To-The-Editor
and use our online form or send an email to editorial@angelusnews.com. Please limit to 300 words. Letters
may be edited for style, brevity, and clarity.
A celebration of many
View more photos
from this gallery at
AngelusNews.com/photos-videos
Representatives from
all different cultures in
the Archdiocese of Los
Angeles gathered for the
annual “One Mother,
Many Peoples” Mass in
honor of Our Lady of the
Angels Aug. 27.
| VICTOR ALEMÁN
Do you have photos or a story from your parish that you’d
like to share? Please send to editorial @angelusnews.com.
“Preventive action now is
better than repenting about
it later on.”
~ Archbishop Antonio Javellana Ledesma of
Cagayan de Oro. Church leaders gathered Sept. 21
to honor the Catholics who were killed during the
imposition of martial law in the Philippines.
“A child doesn’t determine
their gender by their
actions; their biology does.”
~ Sister Nancy Usselmann, in a Sept. 12 Our Sunday
Visitor article, “Gender ideologies and the need for
Christian anthropology.”
“To understand China takes
a century, and we won’t see
a century.”
~ Pope Francis on the strained relations between
the Vatican and China, following the arrest of
Chinese Cardinal Joseph Zen.
“As we learn more about
the death penalty in its
practical operation, we
should ask ourselves a key
question: Is it necessary
to kill in order to protect
society?”
~ Archbishop Salvatore Cordileone of San Francisco
in a Sept. 22 America article, “It is past time to strike
down the death penalty.”
“How long will we happily
eat whatever corporations
serve us, just because we
have time to kill?”
~ Thomas Mirus, director of podcasts for
CatholicCulture.org, in a Sept. 20 discussion about
Amazon’s new “Rings of Power” series with the
National Catholic Register.
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 7

IN EXILE
FATHER RONALD ROLHEISER, OMI
Oblate of Mary Immaculate Father
Ronald Rolheiser is a spiritual
writer; ronaldrolheiser.com.
On being jealous of God’s generosity
cock will crow at the
breaking of your own ego
“The
— there are lots of ways to
wake up!”
Theologian John Shea gave me those
words and I understood them a little
better recently as I stood in line at an
airport: I had checked in for a flight,
approached security, saw a huge
lineup, and accepted the fact that it
would take at least 40 minutes to get
through it.
I was all right with the long wait and
moved patiently in the line – until,
just as my turn came, another security
crew arrived, opened a second scanning
machine, and a whole lineup
of people, behind me, who had not
waited the 40 minutes, got their turns
almost immediately. I still got my turn
as I would have before, but something
inside of me felt slighted and angry:
“This wasn’t fair! I’d been waiting for
40 minutes, and they got their turns
at the same time as I did!” I had been
content waiting, until those who
arrived later didn’t have to wait at all. I
hadn’t been treated unfairly, but some
others had been luckier than I’d been.
That experience taught me something,
beyond the fact that my heart
isn’t always huge and generous. It
helped me understand something
about Jesus’ parable concerning the
workers who came at the 11th hour
and received the same wages as those
who’d worked all day and what is
meant by the challenge that is given
to those who grumbled about the
unfairness of this: “Are you envious
because I’m generous?”
Are we jealous because God is
generous? Does it bother us when
others are given unmerited gifts and
forgiveness?
You bet! Ultimately, that sense of
injustice, of envy that someone else
caught a break is a huge stumbling
block to our happiness. Why? Because
something in us reacts negatively
when it seems that life is not making
others pay the same dues as we are
paying.
In the Gospels we see an incident
where Jesus goes to the synagogue
on a Sabbath, stands up to read, and
quotes a text from Isaiah — except
he doesn’t quote it fully but omits a
part. The text (Isaiah 61:1–2) would
have been well known to his listeners
and it describes Isaiah’s vision of what
will be the sign that God has finally
broken into the world and irrevocably
changed things. And what will that
be?
For Isaiah, the sign that God is now
ruling the earth will be good news for
the poor, consolation for the broken-hearted,
freedom for the enslaved,
grace abundant for everyone, and
vengeance on the wicked. Notice
though, when Jesus quotes this, he
leaves out the part about vengeance.
Unlike Isaiah, he doesn’t say that part
of our joy will be seeing the wicked
punished.
In heaven we will be given what
we are owed and more (unmerited
gift, forgiveness we don’t deserve, joy
beyond imagining), but, it seems, we
will not be given that catharsis we so
much want here on earth, the joy of
seeing the wicked punished.
The joys of heaven will not include
seeing Hitler suffer. Indeed, the
natural itch we have for strict justice
(“An eye for an eye”) is exactly that, a
natural itch, something the Gospels
invite us beyond. The desire for strict
justice blocks our capacity for forgiveness
and thereby prevents us from
entering heaven where God, like the
father of the prodigal son, embraces
and forgives without demanding a
pound of flesh for a pound of sin.
We know we need God’s mercy, but
if grace is true for us, it must be true
for everyone; if forgiveness is given
us, it must be given everybody; and if
God does not avenge our misdeeds,
God must not avenge the misdeeds
of others either. Such is the logic of
grace, and such is the love of the God
to whom we must attune ourselves.
Happiness is not about vengeance,
but about forgiveness; not about vindication,
but about unmerited embrace;
and not about capital punishment,
but about living beyond even murder.
It is not surprising that, in some of
the great saints, we see a theology
bordering on universalism, namely,
the belief that in the end God will
save everyone, even the Hitlers. They
believed this not because they didn’t
believe in hell or the possibility of
forever excluding ourselves from God,
but because they believed that God’s
love is so universal, so powerful, and
so inviting that, ultimately, even those
in hell will see the error of their ways,
swallow their pride, and give themselves
over to love. The final triumph
of God, they felt, will be when the
devil himself converts and hell is
empty.
Maybe that will never happen. God
leaves us free. Nevertheless, when I,
or anyone else, is upset at an airport,
at a parole board hearing, or anywhere
else where someone gets something
we don’t think he or she deserves, we
have to accept that we’re still a long
way from understanding and accepting
the kingdom of God.
8 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

A ROYAL
VOCATION
A mural depicting the coronation of Isabella the Catholic as the Queen
of Castile and León in Segovia, by Carlos Muñoz de Pablos in the
Gallery Hall in the Alcázar of Segovia, Spain. | WIKIMEDIA COMMONS
As the world mourns the
death of one legendary
queen, here are five others
whose Christian faith
changed history.
BY PHILLIP CAMPBELL
Across borders and time zones, the Sept. 8 death of Britain’s Queen
Elizabeth II prompted global expressions of public mourning that
are rarely seen. And understandably so: The long-serving queen
was no ordinary monarch, and her passing has renewed popular interest
in her life and the history of the British monarchy.
Though not Catholic, Elizabeth’s reign exemplified a level of duty in
the service of her country that persons of any religion should find admirable.
Her sincere Christian faith was evident to those who knew her, and
over the course of seven decades, she showed how a successful queen can
become a potent national symbol.
The Catholic tradition is replete with examples of such monarchs:
women who led their people through the most difficult of times, who saw
their royal status as part of a divine vocation. Here are five exemplars of
Catholic queenship worth knowing.
Phillip Campbell is a history teacher for Homeschool Connections and author
of “The Story of Civilization” four-volume series (TAN Books, $35.95)
as well as numerous other historical works.
10 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

St. Helena
(250-330)
Emperor Constantine’s embrace of Christianity
made a deep impression on his
mother, who as empress went on to build
the foundations of Christian queenship.
Any discussion of Catholic
queenship has to begin with St.
Helena, the queen mother of
Emperor Constantine and spiritual
matron of all future Christian queens.
Helena’s origins are obscure; she was
born of a pagan family in what is today
northern Turkey. In her youth she was
a “stabularia,” which may mean “stable
maid” or “innkeeper.” She met and
attracted the attention of the military
officer Constantius Chlorus. Constantius
was smitten with Helena and took
her as his lover. Helena’s exact relation
with Constantius is uncertain; some
say she was his lawful wife; others his
common law wife, or perhaps concubine.
Around 272 she bore Constantius
her only child, Constantine, the future
emperor.
By 289, Constantius’ fortunes were on
the rise. The new emperor, Diocletian,
had elevated him to co-regent of the
western empire. Constantius subsequently
divorced Helena to marry a
noblewoman more becoming of his
stature. Helena was sent off to live with
her son, Constantine, who was serving
in the imperial court. Constantine took
in his forsaken mother with tenderness,
always reverencing her.
When Constantius died in 308, Constantine
assumed his father’s office in
the west. He summoned Helena to his
court and gave her the title “Augusta”
(“Empress”). By 313, Constantine had
become sole emperor of the west and
embraced Christianity. The zeal of his
new faith had a deep impact on his
mother, and Helena converted soon
after her son.
Helena embraced her dual roles as
Christian mother and “Augusta” with
fervor. Though already 63 years of age
at her conversion, it was in this latter
phase of her life that she was most
active, earning everlasting renown for
her relentless good deeds.
Helena traveled constantly, serving
as the maternal face of the imperial
throne and the new faith. Everywhere
she went she constructed churches,
in the east and west. Her lavish
endowments in the Holy Land are
well known; she funded the construction
of the Church of the Nativity in
Bethlehem and the Church of Eleona
on the Mount of Olives at the sight of
Christ’s ascension. Her discovery of the
true cross in Jerusalem bestowed to the
Church its most venerated relic.
To Helena fell the task of endowing
monasteries, funding churches, and
becoming, in her person, an incentive
to piety for her people. She was the first
to show Christians the “human” face of
the monarchy, balancing the administrative
or “imperial” face represented
by her son, the emperor. Wherever
Christian queens are honored, St. Helena
will always stand as matriarch.
St. Helena altar painting
in the parish
church of St. Helena
in Zabok, Croatia.
| SHUTTERSTOCK
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 11

St. Balthild,
Queen of Neustria
(626-680)
Sold into slavery and raised as a servant, her modesty
and compassion for the poor ultimately secured
the freedom of thousands when she became queen.
Statue of St. Balthild at the Luxembourg
Garden in Paris. | SHUTTERSTOCK
St. Balthild was queen of the kingdom
of Neustria, corresponding
roughly to today’s western France.
Balthild’s life did not begin promisingly;
at a young age she was sold into slavery
and raised as a servant in the house
of Erchinoald, a powerful Neustrian
noble. Being beautiful and modest,
Balthild soon attracted Erchinoald’s
attention. The powerful lord pressured
her to marry him, but Balthild refused,
even resorting to physically hiding herself
to escape his unwanted advances.
One day King Clovis II came to visit
Erchinoald and noticed Balthild in
his retinue. He was delighted with her
beauty, intelligence, and modesty. The
king freed her from slavery and asked
for her hand in marriage. Clovis and
Balthild were wed in 649. By age 23,
Balthild had gone from slave to queen.
As queen she remained humble, modest,
and devoted to charitable works.
She founded abbeys and hospitals.
Having come from servile origins,
she had a profound detestation for
the institution of slavery. Her favorite
charity was securing the freedom of
child slaves, and to this end no expense
was too great. After the death of her
husband (657) she ruled as regent for
her young son. Once in charge, she
abolished Christian slavery throughout
Neustria, securing the freedom of
untold thousands.
Balthild bore Clovis three sons; each
would rule as king in turn. In her old
age Balthild retired to a convent, where
she insisted on being treated as the lowest
of all the sisters, personally caring
for the sick and poor for 15 years until
her death in 680 at age 54.
Catholic history has many examples of
saintly queens, but in leading her to better
the lot of the lowest in her charge,
St. Balthild’s sanctity stands apart.
12 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

St. Adélaïde of Italy
(931-999)
Saved in a dramatic rescue as a teenager,
she worked tirelessly for peace and
reconciliation in her kingdom — and
in her family — until her last breath.
The daughter of the king of
Burgundy, Adélaïde of Italy was
betrothed at a young age, married
at 16, widowed at 19, and imprisoned
for rebuffing the machinations of
a noble. Kept in solitary confinement
at Lake Garda in northern Italy for
months, Adélaïde was rescued by a
priest who dug a subterranean passage
to free her. For a time, the teenage
princess lived in the woods surviving
off fish caught from Lake Garda until
she was rescued by a sympathetic duke
who took her south.
She soon met King Otto of Germany
in 951, whom she fell in love with
and wed even though he was 20 years
her senior. Adélaïde was beautiful
and virtuous, exciting the universal
admiration of her German subjects.
She bore Otto four children, one of
whom would become the Holy Roman
Emperor Otto II.
Her profile rose in 962 when Pope
John XII crowned her husband holy
Roman emperor — and, in a break
with tradition, Adélaïde, too, was
crowned holy Roman empress. She
was not a mere royal consort, but a
co-bearer of royal authority, a “consors
regni” (“partner in the rule”). As
a Burgundian, Adélaïde was always
extremely popular in Italy and used her
influence to help solidify the rule of
her husband among Italians.
Later, Adélaïde would be called to
assume direct rule as regent for her
grandson, Otto III. The minority of a
monarch under a female regent was often
a perilous time of political jostling
and civil war, but Adélaïde kept a firm
grip on the kingdom until her grandson
came of age.
Her kindness, charitable works, and
ceaseless efforts in support of converting
the Slavs won her the praise of
church and state alike. She died in 999
on the way to Burgundy to help her
nephew reconcile with his enemies.
Stained-glass window
depiction of Empress
St. Adélaïde in Toury,
France. | WIKIMEDIA
COMMONS
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 13

Isabella of Castile
(1451-1504)
Best known for helping Columbus
discover America, her wealth
and power didn’t get in the way
of her love for Christ.
Engraving of Isabella
of Castile, 1869.
| SHUTTERSTOCK
The famous daughter of John II
of Castile was raised in a pious
household and maintained her
integrity despite the constant attempts
of nobles and courtiers to use her
as a political pawn in their dynastic
intrigues.
As a young woman, Isabella was eagerly
courted by nobility from all over
western Europe. Her preference was
for the young Ferdinand, heir to the
throne of Aragon. Her father opposed
the match, threatening to imprison
Isabella should she disobey his wishes.
While he was away, however, she escaped
with the help of the Archbishop
of Toledo and fled to Valladolid. There
she wed Ferdinand of Aragon in 1469,
assuming the queenship of Castile and
Leon in 1574.
Thus began one of the most renowned
reigns of Christendom. Few
other monarch spouses are spoken of
as a single unit the way we speak of
“Ferdinand and Isabella.” Of course,
Isabella is best remembered for her
support of Columbus in his expeditions
across the Atlantic.
But there was much more to her
reign. She and her husband enacted a
series of sweeping reforms of Spain’s
government. She promoted education
and founded schools throughout
the kingdom. As sovereign of Spain’s
territories in the New World, she was
a staunch defender of the rights of
Native Americans, forbidding their
enslavement and compelling the
release of natives already enslaved. In
her personal life, she was a model of
virtue who, despite being a monarch
of fabulous wealth and power, still
personally mended her husband’s
garments. During her life, Isabelle
of Castile was known as “Her Most
Catholic Majesty.”
Isabella not only changed the course
of world history through her patronage
of Columbus, but bettered the lives of
her people on both sides of the Atlantic
through her wisdom and example.
Though she was never beatified, there
has been a persistent cultus of Isabella
in Spain. In 1974, St. Pope Paul VI
recognized her as a Servant of God.
14 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

Empress Zita
(1892-1989)
The start of World War I shattered expectations
of a tranquil reign. Instead, she
lived her lifelong exile as a divine mission,
placing duty above personal interest.
Though born to royalty, the
life of Empress Zita of Bourbon-Parma
was seldom easy.
She was the 17th child of the dispossessed
Duke of Parma. She was raised
in Italy in a devout family, spending
some of her youth in a convent. Zita
was eventually wed to Archduke
Charles Hapsburg of Austria in 1911,
the second in line to the throne of
the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The
couple would have eight children over
the next 10 years.
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand
in 1914 placed Charles next in line
for the throne, which he and Zita assumed
in 1916 upon the death of Emperor
Franz Joseph during the Great
War. The rest of Zita’s life would
be defined by the events of World
War I and their aftermath. Following
Austria’s defeat and the collapse of the
empire, Zita’s family went into exile
but were unwanted wherever they
went: Hungary, Switzerland, Malta,
and France each refused the imperial
residency, as they feared the political
risks.
The family eventually settled on the
Portuguese island of Madeira, where
Charles died of pneumonia at age 34.
Zita would live 67 years as a widow,
wearing perpetual black in mourning
for Charles.
At the outbreak of World War II,
she and her family fled to the United
States to escape the Nazis, eventually
settling in Quebec. These years were
very hard for Zita; the war made it difficult
to access support from Europe;
at one point the family was reduced
almost to poverty. She spent the
final years of the war touring North
America to raise funds for rebuilding
war-torn Austria.
After the war Zita returned to Eu-
rope. As law forbade her from residing
in Austria, she took up residence
in Switzerland, where she worked
tirelessly to promote the canonization
of her late husband. Zita died at age
95 in 1989, surrounded by her family.
Charles would eventually be beatified
by St. Pope John Paul II in 2004; Zita’s
own cause was opened in 2009.
Like Elizabeth II, Zita continually
placed duty above personal interest.
The exile from her homeland, stripping
of titles, repudiation of her family,
and near destitution she endured did
not stop her from advocating tirelessly
for Austria throughout her long life.
Each of these royal women faced
considerable obstacles: abandonment,
slavery, imprisonment, and exile. Yet
each extended their motherhood to all
their people, becoming true beacons
of unity for their people.
We may struggle to conceive of the
state as anything but a cold bureaucracy.
Perhaps the character of Elizabeth
II fascinates us because she — and
other historical queens — remind us
that it need not be so.
Empress Zita of
Austria, Queen of Hungary
and Bohemia in
traditional Hungarian
gown at her coronation
in 1916. | SÁNDOR
STRELISKY/WIKIMEDIA
COMMONS
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 15

This year’s Mass
in Recognition of
All Immigrants was
celebrated in the
presence of the
relics of St. Junípero
Serra, St. Frances
Xavier Cabrini, and St.
Toribio Romo.
Service at
the center
This year’s Mass in
Recognition of All
Immigrants honored
the hard work of
SoCal Catholics
serving migrant
communities.
BY EVAN HOLGUIN /
PHOTOGRAPHY BY
VICTOR ALEMÁN
Earlier this year, Rosie Shawver
accepted an invitation to cross
the U.S.-Mexico border to help
migrants awaiting asylum hearings.
The LA-based executive director of
the Catholic Association for Latino
Leadership (CALL) made the trip with
her daughter, bringing clothes and
toiletries to Mexicali, Baja California.
For Shawver, the experience brought
to mind that, “on some level, every
single one of us is a migrant.”
Experiences like Shawver’s were
celebrated at the annual Mass in Recognition
of All Immigrants celebrated
by Los Angeles Archbishop José H.
Gomez at the Cathedral of Our Lady
of the Angels on Sunday, Sept. 18,
where more than 50 Southern California
residents were recognized for their
service to immigrant communities.
The bilingual liturgy opened this
year’s National Migration Week (Sept.
19-25), which concluded with the
World Day of Migrants and Refugees.
In a special way, the day’s festivities
were a celebration of the work coordinated
by the SoCal Immigration Task
Force, a coalition of volunteers and
ministries in the Archdiocese of Los
Angeles, and in the Dioceses of Orange,
San Diego, and San Bernardino.
Over the past year, the task force and
its partners have donated clothing,
translated documents, and sponsored
the cross-border trip that included
Shawver and her daughter.
“I use the word ‘serve,’ but I think
that it’s more of journeying alongside,”
Shawver said. “If people want their
lives to also be transformed, I think
that is what service is about. It’s not
just about a handout but about your
heart changing.”
Among those in attendance were
Bishop Alberto Rojas and Auxiliary
Bishop Emeritus Rutilio del Riego,
both of San Bernardino; Bishop Kevin
Vann of Orange; Consul General of
Guatemala Jose Arturo Rodriguez,
and Deacon Diego Torres of the
First Wilmington United Methodist
Church.
As in past years, relics of St. Junípero
Serra, St. Frances Xavier Cabrini, and
St. Toribio Romo were placed by the
18 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

altar and made available for public
veneration afterward.
Sahar Masoom, a local Afghan
refugee invited to share her testimony
as both an immigrant and an immigration
lawyer, was unable to attend due
to medical treatment. Eighth-grader
Mia Cuevas from Holy Angels School
in Arcadia read Masoom’s testimony
on her behalf.
Masoom’s experience detailed how
the 1994 rise of the Taliban resulted in
the loss of education, family employment,
and even the brief abduction of
her father. Her family fled to Pakistan,
where they received physical safety at
the expense of social stigma and abuse
as refugees.
“Because of these harsh words, my
parents would never leave the house,”
Masoom wrote. “They hid first from
the Taliban, and now they hid from
the people of Pakistan. We were seen
as trash to the world.”
After a year, they returned to Afghanistan
for two years before the fall of
the Taliban. Afterward, Masoom was
free to pursue her dreams of becoming
a lawyer with the ultimate goal of
being a member of her home country’s
parliament.
She received her degree from Chapman
University in Fullerton, returning
to Afghanistan to raise her family.
Her return home was short-lived, as
the Taliban’s return to power in 2021
forced her to return to the United
States.
Mia Cuevas, an eighth-grader at Holy Angels
School in Arcadia, reads local Afghan
refugee Sahar Masoom’s testimony.
The Sept. 18 Mass drew volunteers and ministries
serving immigrants from the Archdiocese
of Los Angeles, as well as the Dioceses of
Orange, San Diego, and San Bernardino.
Masoom said she still hopes to
represent her father in Afghanistan’s
parliament. But for now, she wrote, “I
have become an immigration lawyer
and help people who don’t speak the
language and need help with visas.”
This year’s Mass came as large
numbers of refugees — many of them
fleeing strife in Haiti, Venezuela, and
Central America — continue to arrive
at the southern border seeking a better
life in the U.S.
Archbishop Gomez said that
Masoom’s testimony was an important
reminder not to give up hope on
achieving immigration reform in the
U.S.
“I think we need to be more active,
and I hope that in these coming years
that we can help our government
to finally get that solid immigration
reform,” he said after hearing the
testimony.
In his homily, Archbishop Gomez
called on attendees to “help our neighbors
and leaders to feel compassion
for the common humanity and destiny
that we share with one another,
including our immigrant brothers and
sisters.”
In addition to praying harder for
government officials and lawmakers,
“we also need to be faithful in the
little things of charity, of love,” the
archbishop said. “It means responding
generously to people who need your
help, or even just your attention, or
some of your time.”
To find opportunities for service,
Shawver suggested Catholics reach
out to their dioceses or local Catholic
Charities offices.
“Those would be the two places I
would start,” she said. “Just try to find
places to learn how to serve.”
Evan Holguin is a writer originally
from Santa Clarita now living in
Connecticut.
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 19

Dialogue or defense?
Pope Francis holds a letter presented
by Cardinal Joseph Zen, retired
archbishop of Hong Kong, during
a general audience at the Vatican in
2018. | CNS/PAUL HARING
A look at the possible reasons Pope Francis isn’t
speaking out about a cardinal under fire in Hong Kong.
BY JOHN L. ALLEN JR.
ROME — As the trial of 90-yearold
Cardinal Joseph Zen opens
in Hong Kong on charges of
sedition, by now his boss, Pope Francis,
has already been tried and convicted in
a very different court, that of conservative
public opinion, for the alleged
crime of cowardice.
Critics are outraged that Pope Francis
has not condemned China for the
arrest of Cardinal Zen, nor has he
expressed disapproval in other ways,
such as backing out of a controversial
deal with Beijing on the appointment
of bishops.
In a Sept. 19 Wall Street Journal oped,
Bill McGurn, a former speechwriter
for U.S. President George W. Bush,
accused Pope Francis of “abandoning”
Cardinal Zen. German Cardinal
Gerhard Müller, in an interview with
an Italian newspaper, rued the pope’s
silence during a recent summit of
cardinals in Rome.
Conservative writer Rod Dreher
recently declared in The American
Conservative that Cardinal Zen has
been “betrayed by the pope who sold
out the underground Chinese Catholic
Church,” referring to the deal. In light
of a delay in the opening of Zen’s trial,
The Catholic Herald warned ominously
that “Pope Francis has 24 hours
to do the right thing,” adding that the
pontiff needs to “make amends for his
treatment of Zen.” This came on the
heels of an editorial accusing Pope
Francis of “kowtowing” to Beijing by
refusing to denounce the trial and also
wanting to renew the deal.
Perhaps the most common refrain is
that Pope Francis simply does not “get”
China.
Setting aside the question of who,
exactly, does “get” China, the question
du jour is how to explain Pope Francis’
discretion. As a starting point, it’s probably
useful to allow the pope to speak
for himself.
During a recent inflight news conference,
Crux’s Elise Allen (my wife, so
naturally I think it was a most brilliant
question) asked the pontiff whether
he considers the Cardinal Zen trial a
20 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

violation of religious freedom. Here are
the salient points of his reply:
“To understand China takes a century,
and we do not live for a century. …
In order to understand we have chosen
the path of dialogue, open to dialogue.
… It is not easy to understand the
Chinese mentality, but it should be
respected, I always respect this. …
Understanding China is an enormous
thing. But you do not have to lose patience,
we have to go with dialogue.”
The key words, clearly, are “patience”
and “dialogue.”
In the abstract, it doubtless is difficult
for many people to understand how a
pope could opt not to defend one of
his own more fulsomely. Even in 1974,
when Greek Melkite Archbishop Hilarion
Capucci was caught red-handed
by the Israelis smuggling Kalashnikov
rifles, pistols, dynamite, and detonators
to the PLO, the Vatican expressed
“great sorrow” over his arrest. They
haven’t even said that about Cardinal
Zen, even though his only alleged
crime is soliciting foreign support for
pro-democracy protesters.
Pope Francis even seemed to distance
himself from Cardinal Zen a bit in his
reply to Crux, saying, “He says what
he feels, and you can see that there are
limitations there.”
So, what gives? Six points seem most
relevant.
First, both the Vatican and China notoriously
think in centuries. Both pride
themselves in playing the long game,
which is what Pope Francis seems to
be trying to do. That approach may be
frustrating, but it’s nonetheless part of
the DNA of each party.
Second, Pope Francis is a Jesuit,
which means he’s haunted by the
ghosts of Father Matteo Ricci. It’s a
historical commonplace to believe the
Catholic Church made an enormous
miscalculation by rejecting Father Ricci’s
accommodating approach to the
Chinese rites controversy in the 16th
and 17th centuries, thus effectively
closing the door to the evangelization
of China, and no doubt Pope Francis is
determined not to repeat that mistake.
Third, popes have to weigh the
real-world consequences of whatever
they say or do.
No modern pope can fail to remember
what happened in 1943, after the
Dutch bishops issued a pastoral letter
criticizing Nazi anti-Jewish policies
in the Netherlands. In response, all
baptized Catholics of Jewish origin,
including St. Edith Stein, were arrested
and shipped off to Auschwitz, where
the vast majority perished.
Pope Francis might earn some
applause were he to blast Beijing over
the Cardinal Zen arrest, but he has
to weigh that PR benefit against what
the fallout might be not only for the
cardinal, but for the roughly 13 million
Catholics in China.
Fourth, Cardinal Zen hasn’t always
Cardinal Joseph Zen prays before a peaceful march
by Christians in Hong Kong in 2008. | CNS/UCAN
helped his case with Pope Francis.
Driven by displeasure over the pope’s
China policy, in recent years Cardinal
Zen has drifted ever more into
the orbit of some of Pope Francis’
most strident critics. For example,
he was a signatory to an open letter
penned by Italian Archbishop Carlo
Maria Viganò in May 2020 claiming
the coronavirus pandemic was being
manipulated to impose authoritarian
modes of government around the
world and lambasting the pope for
endorsing government-recommended
restrictions.
Granted, none of that means Cardinal
Zen is guilty of sedition. Still, it’s part
of the picture.
Fifth, politics also play a part.
The plain fact of the matter is that
those criticizing Pope Francis for his
silence on Cardinal Zen are the same
people who’ve opposed his papacy on
multiple fronts from the beginning.
Cardinal Müller, for instance, resisted
the pope’s progressive line on the
possibility of Communion for divorced
and civilly remarried Catholics in the
document “Amoris laetitia” (“The joy
of love”), to such an extent that he
had to be removed as prefect of the
then-Congregation for the Doctrine of
the Faith.
It’s human nature that when the
people urging you to do X are among
your worst enemies, you’re tempted to
do Y instead.
Sixth, the Vatican may be giving China
just enough rope to hang itself.
Think about it: What are the optics of
a government that already has a reputation
for authoritarianism threatening
a nonagenarian with jail for no other
offense than allowing dissent to be
heard? Honestly, it’s hard to imagine a
way in which China could make itself
look worse, and, perhaps, the Vatican
is already planning an appeal for a
humanitarian release of Cardinal Zen
should he be convicted. (They did that
for Archbishop Capucci in 1977, and
his offenses were far more serious.)
Whether any of this adds up to a
defense of Pope Francis’ China policy
is, of course, a matter of opinion.
However, it is, at least, an attempt at
explanation.
John L. Allen Jr. is the editor of Crux.
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 21

Where love remains
records and ask informed questions
to senators, Supreme Court justices,
and ambassadors. More than that, his
sense of humor and offbeat personality
engaged me. I liked who I was when
I was with him, as he brought out the
best in me.
Our courtship occurred through
letters, long-distance phone calls, and
many flights. Prior to dating him, I
had gone to dances with Catholic boys
from Loyola and St. Francis. Robert
had been baptized in the Presbyterian
church, but, with his family’s many
moves across the country, he attended
a patchwork of churches throughout
his youth, none of them Catholic.
After five years of dating, he proposed
marriage, something he’d talked about
since the first month we met. Though
he wasn’t Catholic, he agreed to attend
pre-Cana classes together, and he supported
my wish to raise our children as
Catholics.
Though I’d always considered myself
religious — which, to me back then,
meant going to church, saying grace
before meals, and going to confession
— Robert has helped me understand
Jenny and Robert Patton on their
wedding day. | SUBMITTED PHOTO
As it turns out, those of us married to a non-
Catholic are not as alone as we may appear.
BY JENNY GORMAN PATTON
You’ve seen us at Mass: women
or men who are married to
non-Catholics. We’re often at
church on our own without our spouses.
We appear to be alone, though
many of us feel our commitment
to Catholicism is supported by our
non-Catholic spouses.
At 17, I fell in love with my husband,
Robert, during a one-week school trip
to Washington, D.C. I was there with a
small group of my fellow students from
Mayfield Senior School, a Catholic
high school for girls in Pasadena, but
the workshop drew students from
around the country.
He was there on scholarship from
Ohio, and I’d never met anyone so intelligent
and well-spoken. Well before
the internet, he was able to cite voting
The author at Mass at Vienna's Hofburg Palace.
| SUBMITTED PHOTO
22 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

The author’s two sons praying at their home
parish in Dublin, Ohio. | SUBMITTED PHOTO
how faith elevates my religious practices.
He prays every night before falling
asleep, thanking God for our blessings.
When I was pregnant with each of our
sons, each night he placed his hand
on my belly and said, “God, may this
child get the best of both of us and
bring out the best in both of us.”
Through our trials — a child diagnosed
on the autism spectrum, my
chronic illness, our parents’ bouts with
cancer — his faith has always strengthened
mine. With God’s support, he
knew we would get through our challenges,
and we have, growing stronger
along the journey.
When I’ve been low, he has encouraged
me to attend Mass more often.
He takes the call to donating his time
and talent seriously, and has made
cookies to support our parish’s Kairos
prison ministry, a way to show inmates
that people on the outside see them
through the eyes of “agape” love and
are praying for them.
He attends Mass in our home church
a few times a year, but actively seeks
out Catholic services when we’re on
the road, such as at the Hofburg Palace
on Christmas Day, a magical experience
thanks to the angelic voices of the
Vienna Boys Choir.
I’m not alone
While I often sit alone in the pews, I
am not alone.
Nan Okum, an extraordinary minister
of holy Communion, former CCD
teacher, and active member of St.
Therese Church in Alhambra, has
long been married to Ron — who was
raised in the Jewish faith and who is
“very proud of being Jewish.”
Even though Nan knew early on that
Ron was the love of her life, she wasn’t
sure she could marry him. She made
it clear to him how important it was to
her for her children to be raised Catholic.
Fortunately, he fully supported her
commitment to her faith — then and
now. Their daughters Erin and Amy
and their six grandchildren were all
raised in the Church.
To Nan’s surprise, it was Ron who recently
asked their 25-year-old grandson
if he was still going to Mass regularly.
She appreciated this gentle nudge
that showed his understanding of how
important her faith is to her.
Santa Clarita resident Phil Phethean
said he married his non-Catholic wife,
Barbara, “because she lives life as a
good person” and supports everything
he does as a Catholic. He appreciates
that she joins him at functions and
attends Mass sometimes with him at
Saint Kateri Tekakwitha Church.
When Phil was diagnosed with a
tumor, his wife shared his belief “in a
divine intervention.”
“Catholic or not, if we live our lives as
Jesus has asked us, we can only hope to
do our best in the life he has given us,”
Phil shared.
Mike Psomas, who spent some time
away from Catholicism, has returned
to it. He now “practices with purpose”
and attends St. Brigid Church in the
Pacific Beach area of San Diego. He
said his wife, Sonia, who was raised
Presbyterian, has “a heart full of hope
and love.”
Still, it’s not always easy being married
to a non-Catholic. “There are times
when I see my friends volunteering or
doing other Catholic things as a couple
that I wish she was Catholic and would
want to do those things with me,” Mike
said.
Over time, Sonia has joined Mike
in coming to the conclusion that life
begins at conception. Recently she
became “a little outspoken about it”
with her friends. They brought up
Mike’s faith, and she found herself in
“the unusual position of defending the
Catholic teaching on the matter.”
And when she told Mike about the
episode, she was somewhat proud of
herself. “I was silently thanking God
that she was slowly, at her own pace,
finding her way toward the truth I have
been rediscovering.”
Reach out
When you see people like Nan,
Phil, Mike, and me at Mass on our
own, they may also be married to a
non-Catholic. Others may be single,
widowed, or married to a nonpracticing
Catholic.
Even if those singles you encounter
are one of the lucky ones who feel their
faith is supported at home, I encourage
you to reach out and introduce
yourself. Though attending Mass fuels
us, the welcome of others is what truly
makes us part of the community.
We sit by ourselves, but we are not
alone.
Jenny Gorman Patton grew up in Pasadena
and now teaches writing at Ohio
State University in Columbus, Ohio.
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 23

Why pregnancy
is personal
To justify abortion, an LA Times op-ed
tries redefining the ‘radical’ relationship
between mother and unborn child.
BY CHARLIE CAMOSY
I
don’t think I’ve ever come across an
op-ed that was so obviously wrong
but led with claims that are so
obviously true.
Writing in the Los Angeles Times, a
science writer and artist named Margaret
Wertheim opens by noting that
the reality of a pregnant woman “does
not fit into the system of categorization
that’s long been the de facto standard
for Western culture.”
This checks out.
She goes on to say that in modern
Western philosophy, “a person is conceived
of as an entity with independent
intellectual agency.”
As the kids say today, “facts.”
But then things get weird. Wertheim
insists that modern philosophers like
Descartes — who famously said, “I
think therefore I am” — were simply
translating into secular terms the view
of the Catholic Church. And this view
is that “human being-ness is predicated
on an individual self with free will,
and thus the capacity to distinguish
between right and wrong.”
She then does the math. In light
of our post-Dobbs debate: the fetus
— which is described as a “small
bunch of cells,” clearly doesn’t have
independent intellectual agency, free
will, or the ability to distinguish
between right and wrong. Abortion
debate over, right?
The problem, Wertheim
argues, is that pro-lifers who
claim that the fetus is a
person are going back
to a medieval vision of
the human person, one
which the modern
Western philosophical
tradition reacted
against.
But then things get
even stranger. She
moves to undermine
her own argument by
noting that “the mother-fetus
relationship
stands outside Western
obsessions with individuality”
and that a
mother bearing a child
is “at once an individual
and collective.”
To be clear, the traditional
Catholic view of the
human person is that we are
created as individuals-in-relationship,
not only with our
mother from the very moment we
become a member of the Homo sapi-
SHUTTERSTOCK
24 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

ens family (which every embryology
textbook in the world teaches begins
at fertilization) but with God, our
family, other human beings, and all
of creation. This anthropologic vision
of “radical relationship” has at least
16 centuries of Christian Trinitarian
thought behind it.
This is one reason feminist theologians
have emphasized the analogy
drawn between the bond of the pregnant
woman with her baby and the
intimacy of our relationship with God.
The fact of radical relationship, however,
does not negate the individuality
of those who are in such a relationship.
This is one important difference
between Christianity and Eastern
religions, which claim that individuality
is an illusion.
The three persons of the Trinity are
still individual persons. We are still
individuals in our intimate relationship
with a God we call “Abba” or “Daddy.”
And the prenatal human remains an
individual even as she has a nearly
unimaginably intimate relationship
with her mother.
Yes, they share an organ (the placenta);
yes they exchange cellular tissue;
yes, what the mother eats, drinks,
smokes, and even speaks dramatically
affects her baby. This is clearly a relationship
unlike any other.
But the child is also an individual
member of the species Homo sapiens.
She has her own separate genetic code.
She very often has a different blood
type. She develops a four-chambered
heart that pumps blood only six weeks
after fertilization. If a hormone isn’t
released during pregnancy, the mother’s
immune system will attack the
prenatal child as an individual separate
and different from the mother.
So a Catholic understanding — far
from suffering from its pre-modern
view of the human person — is able
to account for both the individuality
and radical relationship involved in
pregnancy precisely because its view
of the human person comes out of its
ancient and medieval reflections on
the Trinity. Reflections that are not
beholden to the idea that a human
being is a thinking thing with free will.
Indeed, those capacities don’t develop
until well after birth.
Anyone who wants to totally subsume
those involved in the radical relationship
of pregnancy as nonpersons are
missing something essential about the
relationship: both mother and baby
exist as individuals and both have a
right to life. This is one reason why
pro-lifers need to do a much better job
explaining (in the face of often cynical
attempts to suggest otherwise) that in
life-threatening situations, medical
intervention to save the mother’s life is
the top priority.
But it also means that any polity that
makes the prenatal child with a beating
heart into a nonperson is participating
in what Pope Francis calls “throwaway
culture.” People use dishonest
language like “small bunch of cells”
to ignore or distract from the individuality
of the child in order to make her
easier to discard as a being who simply
doesn’t have a moral status.
As pro-life feminists have pointed out
for decades, the fact that throwaway
culture used to do this to women indicates
that the ideology behind abortion
rights has merely redistributed the
oppression to another class of human
beings.
Happily, a Catholic vision of the human
person stands ready to honor both
the individuality of the mother and
baby as well as their radical relationship
by working for prenatal justice,
saving the life of her mother, and
insisting that the broader community
support their familial relationship with
substantial resources.
It is such a shame that the Church,
which catechized Wertheim as a child,
apparently didn’t pass this wonderful
vision of the human person on to her.
If we had, she would have written a
very different op-ed, one that honors
the full individuality of mother and
child in the midst of a beautifully
radical relationship.
Charlie Camosy is professor of Medical
Humanities at the Creighton University
School of Medicine. In addition,
he holds the Monsignor Curran Fellowship
in Moral Theology at St. Joseph
Seminary in New York. His most recent
book is “Losing Our Dignity: How
Secularized Medicine is Undermining
Fundamental Human Equality” (New
City Press, $22.95).
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 25

AD REM
ROBERT BRENNAN
Robert
he has w
Catholi
Thoughts on a South Bend conversion
It is always good news to hear that
someone has entered the Church.
This month, that beautiful and
profound event happened to the University
of Notre Dame’s new football
coach, Marcus Freeman. As if people
were not already praying for him,
especially as it relates to a 1-2 start,
now we can pray with him as fellow
Catholics.
For some of us, the luster has faded
from the school’s famous Golden
Dome over the years: many of the
school’s faculty and students aren’t
on the same page when it comes to
Notre Dame head football coach
Marcus Freeman. | NOTRE
DAME ATHLETICS VIA CNA
Catholic teaching, as evidenced by
the honors it has bestowed on the
most pro-abortion of American politicians
in recent years.
Still, a sentimental connection
remains. My paternal grandfather had
passed away before I was born, but
his allegiance to the Fighting Irish
was “grandfathered” into all of our
DNA. Though I never met the man,
I too became a Notre Dame fan and
breathed in all the mythology that
came with it. We are the “Catholic”
university. Notre Dame did not cheat.
Facts are stubborn things. The great
George Gipp of “Gipper” fame left
his mark on college football, but not
so much in the academic halls of
Notre Dame. There is little evidence
he attended many classes, and the
apartment he kept off campus was a
notorious place for gamblers and a
standing poker game.
I am now at best a casual observer of
Notre Dame’s football team. I do not
burn many brain cells trying to trace
the decline of Notre Dame’s Catholic
identity. A friend of mine who still
clings to the university’s history likens
the modern version of the university
to New York City, something that can
represent the best of America and the
worst.
The news of Coach Freeman’s
conversion bears witness to this. But
regardless of what I think of the school
he coaches for, it is still a source of a
very personal moment of grace.
No, it was not me being reminded
of when Notre Dame beat USC 51-0.
Rather, it is all about my memories of
the biggest Notre Dame fanatic I had
ever known: my oldest brother Roger.
He died too soon, and he has been
gone too long, yet even something as
trivial as a college’s football program
can turn my thoughts toward him.
No one — and I mean no one — on
the planet drank the Notre Dame
Kool-Aid as much as our brother
Roger. I was guaranteed a call from
him a few weeks before the start of
every Notre Dame football season. He
would tell me how good the team was,
how great the recruiting class was, and
how it all inevitably pointed to another
national championship run.
His misplaced optimism aside, I
cherished all those calls from my
brother. We lived about 60 miles
apart, so phone calls were our most
common form of communication.
26 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

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Hearing his voice made all nine of his
younger siblings feel more comforted
and secure. It went far beyond football
fandom. My brother had a special gift.
He seemed to know when he needed
to call. Years ago, I was having a
tough time in a job that had become
increasingly unbearable. Out of the
blue I got a call from my big brother.
He was just checking in and almost
immediately eased into a conversation
about what was happening at my job.
A professional negotiator (as the oldest
of 10 children, how could he have
been anything else?), his wise counsel
saw me through my crisis like it had
done to so many of his brothers and
sisters.
When he passed away due to complications
from his horrific arthritic
condition, it left a void in us all that
will never be filled. But every fall,
the emptiness Roger’s passing carved
out of me temporarily spills over with
memories of the best big brother
anyone could ever have.
Whether the newly minted Catholic
Marcus Freeman becomes a great
football coach or goes the way of his
most recent predecessors, what does
it matter in comparison to his conversion?
This year, I hope and pray not
for “W’s” but for his continued growth
as a Catholic — just as I pray for
mine. But on the odd chance he becomes
both a great football coach and
a great Catholic, he will be fulfilling
the dream of the greatest Notre Dame
football fan I knew — and a man who
was Catholic in body and soul.
As delusional as he may have been
regarding football, there were few
better examples of a faithful man than
my brother. And if Coach Freeman
follows that example, who knows: he
may be able to do a little missionary
work in South Bend, Indiana.
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 27
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0
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32,680 32,635
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0.0%
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389 300
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32,935
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NOW PLAYING MOTHER TERESA: NO GREATER LOVE
SECRETS OF A MODERN SAINT
A compelling new documentary on Mother Teresa’s life and
legacy suggests her model of holiness isn’t so out of reach.
Promotional image of Mother
Teresa for the film "Mother
Teresa: No Greater Love."
| KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS
BY STEFANO REBEGGIANI
At her 2016 canonization Mass,
Pope Francis stood beneath a
large tapestry of St. Teresa of
Calcutta with her inimitable, disarming
smile, and gave the thousands in
St. Peter’s Square a tough assignment.
“Let her be your model of sanctity,”
the pontiff said.
For anyone familiar with the life
of Mother Teresa, the pope’s words
represent a tall order to fill. And yet,
25 years after her death, a moving new
documentary suggests what her model
of sanctity can accomplish in the 21st
century.
Written and directed by Emmy
award-winning filmmaker David
Naglieri, “Mother Teresa: No Greater
Love” premiered in Rome in late
August at various small screenings for
Vatican officials and the Catholic press.
Produced by the Knights of Columbus
in partnership with the Missionaries of
Charity, the film will be shown in 900
theaters across the United States and
Canada on Oct. 3 and 4.
The documentary follows Mother
Teresa’s life from her childhood
in Albania through her death and
beatification. It includes interviews
with specialists, historians, and close
collaborators — including, notably, the
postulator of her canonization cause,
Father Brian Kolodiejchuk.
But in addition to presenting the life
of Mother Teresa, the filmmakers also
document the extension of her mission
today. They show us what the apostolate
of the Missionaries of Charity
looks like in five continents, in places
as different as Kenya, the Bronx, Brazil,
and India. The interviews with various
Missionaries of Charity, as well as the
words of those touched by their works,
offer an intimate look at the heart of
28 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

Mother Teresa’s charism.
When the Albanian nun started
picking up people who lay dying on
the streets of Calcutta –– the sick, the
disfigured, the unwanted –– she did so
not with any goal of advancing the social
conditions of the poor. She wasn’t
on a crusade against systemic racism,
social injustice, or class exploitation,
and her primary goal was not even to
convert people to Christianity. Her
wish was simply to make them feel
loved, to love them in the same way
God loved them.
“No Greater Love” poses a difficult
question to viewers: Can we really
imitate her? Can she really be a model
for us, as the pope suggests?
For me, the honest answer is no. Yes, I
can perform some acts of charity. I can
do things out of a sense of obligation,
like the time in college when I went
to visit the homeless in the outskirts of
Rome. It was a short experience that
made me feel like a terrible hypocrite,
realizing I could not get myself to truly
love anyone — let alone the poor.
But to really love the sick, the rejected,
the ugly, to care for them genuinely,
the way a mother cares for her child:
that is an impossible mission.
To make things more complicated,
the example of Mother Teresa does not
necessarily imply doing active charity
work. In a piece of original footage at
the end of the documentary she suggests,
“You cannot do what we do, but
you can still be a saint.” For “hunger
for food is not the main problem, there
is a greater hunger, all around us, a
hunger for love,” she says.
One can approach this documentary
as a call to conversion. And, if we
follow this woman’s model of sanctity,
the first act of conversion would be
to recognize our own inability to live
up to this measure of love. I cannot
be like Mother Teresa, no matter how
hard I try. But we can, like her, start by
acknowledging our own nothingness
— no small feat for most of us.
But there is a second important step.
The documentary also reveals what
made Mother Teresa capable of what
she did.
As Patrick Kelly, Supreme Knight of
the Knights of Columbus, describes
it in the film, “When Mother Teresa
was feeding the hungry or holding the
hands of someone as they lay dying,
she was treating them as she would the
most important person in her life, Jesus
Christ himself.”
Or, as one of the Missionaries of
Charity remarks in the documentary,
“Our work for the poor is an overflow
of our love for Jesus.”
But how can this love become ours?
In one of her letters, Mother Teresa
asks her confessor, “Please ask Our
Lady to give me her heart — so that I
may with greater ease fulfill His desire
in me.”
Here is the second way to imitate
Mother Teresa. Through my own
efforts I cannot be like her, but I can
ask of God the same thing: to give me
a new heart.
The third way to follow Mother
Teresa’s model comes from the documentary’s
detailing of the saint’s inner
struggles, which came to light only
with the posthumous publication of
her letters to her spiritual directors.
The beginning of Mother Teresa’s
mission was accompanied by mystical
experiences. She heard the voice
of Jesus and felt the incomparable
sweetness of his inner presence. Yet all
of that stopped, for long years, during
her mission.
“Please pray for me,” she wrote at the
time, “the longing for God is terribly
painful and yet the darkness is becoming
greater.”
“There is so much contradiction in
my soul,” she adds in another letter.
“Such deep longing for God — so
deep that it is painful — a suffering
continual — and yet not wanted by
God — repulsed — empty — no faith
— no love — no zeal.”
It is sobering to think that at the
height of her mission, Mother Teresa
worked tirelessly without a drop of
consolation. But this suffering was not
without fruit. That excruciating spiritual
pain, the feeling of being abandoned
— even rejected — by God made her
share more fully in the experience of
Christ. It helped her identify more
closely with the poor, the lonely,
and the outcast. Through this inner
torment, her love for God and for the
poor grew and was purified.
The same is true for us. “No Greater
Love” offers vivid evidence that
suffering isn’t
Missionaries of Charity nuns
and other guests attend the
premier of the documentary
film, "Mother Teresa: No
Greater Love," in the Filmoteca
Vaticana at the Vatican Aug.
31. | CNS/PAUL HARING
a punishment,
but one of the
ways that God
uses to make
us capable of
truly loving.
And that’s the
third way to
imitate Mother
Teresa: by embracing the mysterious
experience of the cross that makes us
one with our Maker.
Stefano Rebeggiani is an associate
professor of classics at the University of
Southern California.
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 29

DESIRE LINES
HEATHER KING
Doing it St. Thérèse’s way
Statue of St. Thérèse of Lisieux on display at the
National Shrine of St. Thérèse in Darien, Illinois,
in this 2007 file photo. | CNS/NANCY WIECHEC
Endow (Educating on the Nature
and Dignity of Women) is a
Catholic organization rooted in
the teachings of St. Pope John Paul II
and that aims “to fulfill our culture’s
desperate need for an authentic feminine
presence in every aspect of life
and society.”
You can learn more at The Endow
Podcast: “a forum for women to foster
conversations about the intellectual
life and intentional community for the
cultivation of the feminine genius.”
Founded in Denver in 2003, Endow
now reaches 40,000 women, with an
international apostolate in more than
130 dioceses — including LA.
Their approach includes small group
settings in which study guides on
Church teachings or notable female
saints — Catherine of Siena, Edith
Stein, Hildegard — are read aloud by
participants and discussed.
I was recently honored to contribute
an upcoming guide on St. Thérèse of
Lisieux. This isn’t the first time I’ve
written of “The Little Flower,” who
has been called the greatest saint of
modern times and whose spirituality,
life, and thought this time around
challenged me anew.
If all goes well, the guide will be
available for purchase on the Endow
website by Advent 2022. In honor of St.
Thérèse’s October 1st feast day, here’s
the prologue:
“St. Thérèse of Lisieux, 19th-century
French nun, lived in an era when
women had far fewer rights than today,
when women were far less recognized
as ‘equal’ to men, when women had
little to no ‘voice’ in the Church.
“Yet reading her today, one is struck
by her freshness, vigor, energy. Unlike
the almost universal contemporary feminine
voice, in and out of the Church,
Thérèse is not oppressed. Thérèse is
not aggrieved. Thérèse is not a victim.
“Thérèse had one burning focus, one
goal, one desire. She willed the one
thing: to become a saint.
“ ‘What do you say to Jesus when you
pray?’ she was asked near the end of
her life.
“ ‘I don’t say much of anything,’ she
replied. ‘I just love Him.’
“The burning question of our own
30 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

Heather King is an award-winning
author, speaker, and workshop leader.
time, by contrast, may be: Am I doing
enough?
“That was a concern that could not
have been further from Thérèse’s
mind. Her concern was her relationship
with Jesus — period. Her concern
was that of St. John the Baptist: to
decrease, so that Jesus could increase
(John 3:30).
“Her sister Céline, fretting over her
spiritual progress, once remarked, ‘How
much I still have to gain!’ ‘Rather,’
Thérèse rejoined, ‘how much you have
still to lose.’
“We Type-A personalities are apt to
throw our hands up in despair. Where’s
the ‘program,’ the ‘project,’ the packed
calendar in an approach like that?
“Maybe, though, we’ve been asking
the wrong questions. In this culture of
perpetual aggrievement, could it be
that we’ve been missing the message
that’s right in front of our faces?
“Could it be that we hesitate to enter
through the narrow gate (Matthew
7:13) because we can’t bear the scandal
of the cross — and, by extension, of the
Church?
“The 20th-century priest and theologian
Romano Guardini wrote, ‘One
might almost venture to suggest that
the defects of the Church are [Christ’s]
Cross. … And he who will have Christ,
must take His Cross as well. We cannot
separate Him from it.’
“If we can’t bear the scandal of the
Church — through the centuries, up
to and including now — then perhaps
we have not yet accepted the scandal
of ourselves: our propensity to take the
shortcut, our dependencies and attachments,
our desperate need for mercy.
“If we don’t think we have it in us to
be clerics, Pharisees, indulgence-sellers,
lorder-overs, abusers of power
— including sexual power — then
maybe we have not yet examined our
conscience at its depths.
“We are like the 10 foolish virgins
who failed to keep their lamps in oil
(Matthew 7:24–27). We are neither
fully alive nor fully awake. We’re so
busy worshiping the gods of popularity
and approval that our lamps have gone
out. We haven’t the light to see what’s
right in front of us.
“Thérèse understood the temptations
of power, property, and prestige —
spiritual and otherwise — down to the
ground. She had not a shred of illusion
about her own self-sufficiency, competence,
or goodness. If she had never
committed a mortal sin, she reasoned,
it was because God, like the indulgent
father who sees his child is about to
stumble over a rock in its path, had unobtrusively,
preemptively removed it.
“Thérèse accepted the Church without
question, comment, or complaint.
She threw herself into the arms of Jesus
because she hungered for him, needed
him, desired to surrender herself to
him — not for her glory, but for the
salvation of the souls for which she
knew he thirsted.
“In a culture where women are
celebrated for ‘doing it their way’ are
often only trying to be like men, could
Thérèse be a radical exemplar of true
feminine genius?
“In our grasping for worldly power,
could she be leading us back to the
authentic, radical power of our glorious
womanhood?
“Could it be that this young woman
who lived and died in obscurity, a
cloistered Carmelite, was fiercer, more
independent, more original, and freer
than we have dared to dream of being?
“Come and see.”
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 31

LETTER AND SPIRIT
SCOTT HAHN
Scott Hahn is founder of the
St. Paul Center for Biblical
Theology; stpaulcenter.com.
What’s the story in the psalms?
Fifth in a series on the Book of Psalms.
In the sequence of psalms, some readers find a gradual
movement from predicament to praise.
After two brief introductory psalms, the early portions of
the “Psalter” do tend to feature prayers of deliverance from
dire circumstances. The later psalms, however, are almost
exclusively songs of praise. Indeed, “songs of praise” is one
literal way to translate the words often rendered as “Hallel
Psalms.” It is from these, the very last psalms in the “Psalter,”
that we get the word “Hallelujah” — which is Hebrew for
“Praise the Lord!”
The Hebrew title of the “Psalter” might provide further
confirmation of this dramatic movement. Why call the book
“Sefer Tehillim,” the “Book of Praises,” if most of the praise
is loaded at the end? It makes sense, say some readers, only
if praise is the goal of the whole book — if praise is the fruit
even of the psalmist’s early difficulties.
Others see in the “Psalter” a first-person history of the
rise and fall of the royal house of David and the ultimate
enthronement of God as sole king of Israel. The book begins
with confident songs of Davidic kingship, but then proceeds
to laments over the monarch’s personal sin and the evil this
sin has visited upon himself and his kingdom. Eventually,
the tribes rebel and the kingdom divides. Weakened, the
lands of Israel are overrun by gentile armies and the people
carried off to exile. Yet, in the end, these seemingly tragic
circumstances teach them to rely on the Lord God as the
only king who can triumph over all
“St. Gregory of Nyssa,”
by Francesco Bartolozzi,
1727-1815, Italian.
| WIKIMEDIA COMMONS
adversities. Thus, in this reading, the
“Psalter” ends with praise of Yahweh’s
kingship over Israel.
Still others see the “Psalter” as an
allegory of the moral life. St. Gregory
of Nyssa (fourth century) discerned in
the five books of Psalms the growth of
the soul through five stages of virtue, from initial conversion
to final blessedness. The psalmist sets the agenda, said St.
Gregory, with the first lines of the first psalm:
“Blessed is the man, who (1) walks not in the counsel of
the wicked, (2) nor stands in the way of sinners, (3) nor sits
in the seat of scoffers; but (4) his delight is in the law of the
Lord, and (5) on His law he meditates day and night.”
St. Gregory traces the soul’s progress, first as it turns away
from sin, then as it detaches itself from passions and earthly
attachments, and finally as it turns completely to God in
contemplation.
This final blessedness — beatitude — is a life begun on
earth that will reach its perfection in heaven.
But there’s still another possible plot to the Book of Psalms,
and we’ll talk about it next time.
32 • ANGELUS • October 7, 2022

■ SATURDAY, OCTOBER 1
St. Catherine Laboure Church Jubilee Celebration. St.
Catherine Laboure Church, 3846 Redondo Beach Blvd.,
Torrance, 11 a.m. Join the parish in celebrating its 75th
anniversary with a Jubilee Mass celebrated by Archbishop
Gomez, followed by catered lunch and history display.
Centering Prayer Introductory Workshop. Holy Spirit
Retreat Center, 4316 Lanai Rd., Encino, 9 a.m.-12:30 p.m.
With Pippa Currey and the Contemplative Outreach Team.
For more information, visit hsrcenter.com or call 818-815-
4480.
■ WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 5
“What Catholics Believe” weekly series. St. Dorothy
Church, 241 S. Valley Center Ave., Glendora, 7-8:30 p.m.
Series runs Wednesdays through April 26, 2023. Deepen
your understanding of the Catholic faith through dynamic
DVD presentations by Bishop Robert Barron, Dr. Edward
Sri, Dr. Brant Pitre, and Dr. Michael Barber. Free event, no
reservations required. Call 626-335-2811 or visit the Adult
Faith Development ministry page at www.stdorothy.org
for more information.
■ SATURDAY, OCTOBER 8
The Miracle of Our Lady of Fátima: It means more than
you may think! St. Edward the Confessor School gym,
33926 Calle La Primavera, Dana Point, 10 a.m. Hosted by
Father Bob Garon and Dominic Berardino. Topics include:
Mary vs. Lucifer and St. John Paul II and Fátima. Mass will
be celebrated. Cost: $25/early registration through Oct. 3,
$35/regular registration, includes catered chicken lunch.
For more information, email spirit@scrc.org.
■ TUESDAY, OCTOBER 11
Memorial Mass. St. Barnabas Church, 3955 Orange
Ave., Long Beach, 10 a.San Fernando Mission, 15151 San
Fernando Mission Blvd., Mission Hills, 11 a.m. Mass is
virtual and not open to the public. Livestream available at
CatholicCM.org or Facebook.com/lacatholics.
Women at the Well. Holy Spirit Retreat Center, 4316 Lanai
Rd., Encino, 10 a.m.-12 p.m. With Sister Chris Machado,
SSS. For more information, visit hsrcenter.com or call
818-784-4515.
■ WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12
St. Padre Pio Healing Mass. 620 Olive Ave., Long Beach,
3-6:30 p.m. Centennial celebSt. Anne Church, 340 10th
St., Seal Beach, 1 p.m. Chaplain: Father Al Baca. For more
information, call 562-537-4526.
■ THURSDAY, OCTOBER 13
Housing/Tenants’ Rights Virtual Legal Clinic for Disabled
Veterans. Zoom clinic will help disabled veterans in
LA county, 5-8 p.m. Registration required. Visit https://
tinyurl.com/3dv57na2.
■ FRIDAY, OCTOBER 14
Marriage Encounter Weekend. Mater Dolorosa Passionist
Retreat Center, 700 N. Sunnyside Ave., Sierra Madre, 7
p.m. Weekend runs until 4 p.m., Sunday, Oct. 16. Couples
stay at the Retreat Center for the entire weekend. This retreat
is for spouses who wish to rediscover the person they
first fell in love with. For more information and to apply,
visit sacramentallove.org, or call 909-938-2682.
■ SATURDAY, OCTOBER 15
Alleluia Dance Theatre, Trust in the Lord! Holy Spirit
Retreat Center, 4316 Lanai Rd., Encino, 9 a.m.-3:30 p.m.
With Stella Matsuda, Marti Ryan, and Emmalyn Moreno.
For more information, visit hsrcenter.com or call 818-784-
4515.
Jesus in the Holy Eucharist Retreat. Pauline Books & Media,
3908 Sepulveda Blvd., Culver City, 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Led
by Sister Patricia Shaules, FSP, retreat will reflect on Jesus’
presence in the Eucharist. Donation: $30, includes lunch.
Call 310-397-8676 or email culvercity@paulinemedia.com
to register.
■ SUNDAY, OCTOBER 16
International Thomas Merton Society Chapter Meeting.
Holy Spirit Retreat Center, 4316 Lanai Rd., Encino, 2-4 p.m.
Hosted by Sister Chris Machado, SSS. For more information,
visit hsrcenter.com or call 818-784-4515.
■ FRIDAY, OCTOBER 21
Carmelite Nuns Auxiliary Holiday Luncheon and
Boutique. Holy Family Msgr. Connolly Hall, 1501 Fremont
Ave., South Pasadena, 10:30 a.m. boutique and social hour,
12 p.m. luncheon. Treasure sale, nuns’ specialty breads,
nuts, handmade items, plants, and holiday gift items. Cost:
$35 donation per person. RSVP to Kathy Cardoza by Oct.
13 at 626-570-9012. Send checks payable to Cloistered
Carmelite Nuns Auxiliary to 710 Lindaraxa Park South,
Alhambra, CA, 91801.
■ SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22
19th Annual Harvest on the Hill featuring “Sister’s Back
to School Catechism.” Mater Dolorosa, 700 N. Sunnyside
Ave., Sierra Madre, 4 p.m. Interactive theater “The
Holy Ghost & Other Terrifying Tales” brings laughter and
spooky fun to Mater Dolorosa. Outdoor evening includes
Mass, social, dinner, performance, live auction, and raise
your paddle. Overnight accommodations available. Reservations
required. Cost: $150/person, adults only. Visit materdolorosa.org/harvest-on-the-hill
or email Jeane Warlick
at jwarlick@materdolorosa.org or call 626-355-7188, ext.
103, or email Rachel Ramirez at rramirez@materdolorosa.
org or call 626-355-7188, ext. 130.
Halloween Costume Ball: Italian Catholic Club of Santa
Clarita. Our Lady of Perpetual Help parish hall, 23225
Lyons Ave., Santa Clarita, 6-10 p.m. Evening includes Italian
dinner, complimentary wine, DJ, dancing, costume contest,
and door prizes. Cost: $40/person. To RSVP, mail payment
to The Italian Catholic Club, 23045 Lyons Ave., Santa Clarita,
CA 91321, by Oct. 17, call Anna Riggs at 661-645-7877,
or email italians@iccscv.org.
Barnafest: Annual St. Barnabas Parish Festival.
St. Barnabas Church, 3955 Orange Ave., Long Beach,
4 p.m. vigil Mass, 5-10 p.m. festival. Food, silent auction,
games, entertainment, beer garden, raffles, and more.
Visit stbarnabaslb.org for more information.
■ SUNDAY, OCTOBER 23
Annual Mass for Healthcare Professionals. Cathedral of
Our Lady of the Angels, 555 W. Temple St., Los Angeles,
3:30 p.m. Celebrant: Archbishop José H. Gomez, homilist:
Bishop Alex Aclan. Reception immediately following in the
cathedral conference center. RSVP at lacatholics.org/event/
white-mass/.
■ WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 26
LACBA Family Law Clinic. Zoom clinic for LA County
veterans will cover child support, child custody, divorce, and
spousal support, 2-5 p.m. Registration required. Call 213-
896-6537 or email inquiries-veterans@lacba.org.
Items for the calendar of events are due four weeks prior to the date of the event. They may be emailed to calendar@angelusnews.com.
All calendar items must include the name, date, time, address of the event, and a phone number for additional information.
October 7, 2022 • ANGELUS • 33