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chapter 28 - ATI Testing

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Vitamins, minerals, and supplements<br />

HERBAL SUBSTANCE ACTION USES<br />

Feverfew • possibly works by blocking<br />

a factor necessary to cause<br />

migraine<br />

• stops release of arachidonic<br />

acid in thrombocytes and<br />

blocks platelet aggregation<br />

Garlic • Garlic cells contain an amino<br />

acid which, when crushed,<br />

forms the enzyme allicin. this<br />

enzyme, along with another<br />

substance in garlic, has the<br />

following actions:<br />

◯ Blocks cholesterol<br />

synthesis in the liver.<br />

◯ suppresses platelet<br />

aggregation and disrupts<br />

coagulation.<br />

◯ acts as a vasodilator.<br />

Ginger root • By an unknown mechanism,<br />

ginger root acts on areas of<br />

the Cns that cause nausea.<br />

• increases intestinal motility<br />

and gastric mucus production<br />

• decreases Gi spasms<br />

• inhibits prostaglandins and<br />

leukotrienes to produce antiinflammatory<br />

effects<br />

• suppresses platelet<br />

aggregation<br />

Ginkgo biloba • promotes vasodilation<br />

throughout the body<br />

• suppresses a substance<br />

that can increase<br />

platelet aggregation and<br />

bronchospasm<br />

• Can decrease the number and<br />

severity of migraine headaches<br />

but has not been found useful<br />

in treating an existing migraine<br />

• lowers total cholesterol, ldl,<br />

and triglycerides and slightly<br />

increases Hdl<br />

• Can decrease both systolic<br />

(20 to 30 mm Hg) and<br />

diastolic blood pressure<br />

(10 to 15 mm Hg)<br />

• decreases nausea from<br />

morning sickness, motion<br />

sickness, and surgery<br />

• Can decrease the pain and<br />

stiffness of rheumatoid arthritis<br />

• increases recall ability and<br />

mental processes by increasing<br />

blood flow in the brain; given<br />

to those who have dementia,<br />

including alzheimer’s disease<br />

• erectile dysfunction in those<br />

who take ssris that cause<br />

impotence<br />

• decreases pain in clients<br />

who have occlusive arterial<br />

disorders of the legs<br />

• may decrease risk of<br />

thrombosis and bronchospasm<br />

PN PHARMACOLOGY FOR NURSING 351

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