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History of Natto and Its Relatives (1405-2012 - SoyInfo Center

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(an international expert renown [sic] in the fi eld <strong>of</strong> lipid<br />

chemistry) for Health Freedom News in September <strong>of</strong> 1995.”<br />

Address: 1. M.A.; 2. PhD. Phone: 818-357-2181.<br />

1517. Fujita, Mitsugu; Hong, Kyongsu; Ito, Yae; et al.<br />

1995. Transport <strong>of</strong> nattokinase across the rat intestinal tract.<br />

Biological <strong>and</strong> Pharmaceutical Bulletin 18(9):1194-96. Sept.<br />

[11 ref]<br />

• Summary: <strong>Natto</strong>kinase (NK) is reported to cause the<br />

degradation <strong>of</strong> fi brinogen in the plasma <strong>of</strong> normal rats. It<br />

is absorbed from the rat’s intestinal tract. Address: 1-3.<br />

Biotechnology Research Laboratories, JCR Pharmaceuticals<br />

Co., Ltd., 2-2-10 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-22, Japan.<br />

1518. SunRich. 1995. SunRich (Ad). Soya Bluebook Plus<br />

1995-96. p. 59.<br />

• Summary: This one-third page black-<strong>and</strong>-white ad lists<br />

three categories <strong>of</strong> products: (1) Identity preserved specialty<br />

soybeans <strong>and</strong> grains: IP corn; Food quality soybeans<br />

available for soymilk, t<strong>of</strong>u, tempeh, miso, natto, sprouts, <strong>and</strong><br />

soy sauce; Shipments available in containers, rail or bulk<br />

barge.<br />

(2) Soyamilk powders: Spray-dried soymilk <strong>and</strong> t<strong>of</strong>u;<br />

Soy/dairy milk.<br />

(3) Sweet Beans: Frozen green soybeans; Podded<br />

(edamame) or peeled (mukimame).<br />

* Certifi ed organic soybeans & products available.<br />

Address: P.O. Box 128, Hope, Minnesota 56046. Phone:<br />

1-800-342-6976 or 507-451-3316.<br />

1519. Wilson, Lester A. 1995. Soy foods. In: D.R. Erickson,<br />

ed. 1995. Practical H<strong>and</strong>book <strong>of</strong> Soybean Processing <strong>and</strong><br />

Utilization. Champaign, Illinois: American Oil Chemists’<br />

Society Press; St. Louis, Missouri: United Soybean Board.<br />

viii + 584 p. See p. 428-59. Chap. 22. [41 ref]<br />

• Summary: Contents: Introduction. Soybean chemical<br />

composition. Unfermented soy foods: Soymilk, t<strong>of</strong>u<br />

(momen, kinugoshi or silken, packed t<strong>of</strong>u, aseptically<br />

packaged t<strong>of</strong>u, deep-fried t<strong>of</strong>u, kori t<strong>of</strong>u or dried-frozen<br />

t<strong>of</strong>u), other nonfermented soy foods (yuba, kinako or<br />

roasted whole soybean fl our, fresh {edamame} <strong>and</strong> canned<br />

soybeans, texturized soy protein-based foods). Fermented<br />

soy foods: Miso, shoyu (soy sauce), natto, tempeh, sufu.<br />

Japanese Agricultural St<strong>and</strong>ards. Identity preservation <strong>and</strong><br />

transportation. Soybean quality characteristics: Overview,<br />

judging quality (t<strong>of</strong>u, miso, natto). Note: This is the earliest<br />

English-language document seen (Dec. 2005) that contains<br />

the term “roasted whole soybean fl our.”<br />

Tables: 1. Nonfermented soy food products <strong>and</strong> common<br />

names by country. 2. Fermented soy food products <strong>and</strong><br />

common names by country. 3. Chemical composition <strong>of</strong> soy<br />

foods. 4. Per capita annual consumption <strong>of</strong> soybeans (kg) in<br />

selected Asian countries (China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea,<br />

Malaysia, Philippines, Thail<strong>and</strong>; for the years 1968, 1978,<br />

© Copyright Soyinfo <strong>Center</strong> <strong>2012</strong><br />

HISTORY OF NATTO AND ITS RELATIVES 472<br />

1988, 1994).<br />

Figures: 1. Flowchart <strong>of</strong> refrigerated <strong>and</strong> shelf-stable<br />

soymilk production. 2. JAS seal <strong>of</strong> approval. 3. Diagram<br />

<strong>of</strong> equipment used in large scale t<strong>of</strong>u production (each<br />

piece <strong>of</strong> equipment is numbered <strong>and</strong> labeled). 4. Flowchart<br />

<strong>of</strong> regular t<strong>of</strong>u production. 5. Graph showing percent<br />

transmittance <strong>of</strong> whey versus coagulant concentration for<br />

soymilks at 6% solids made from Weber, Vinton, <strong>and</strong> Amsoy<br />

soybeans. A concentration <strong>of</strong> 0.023 N was selected as the<br />

optimum coagulant concentration, since it gave the most<br />

transparent whey. 6. Graph showing percent transmittance<br />

<strong>of</strong> whey versus coagulant concentration for Amsoy soymilk<br />

at concentrations <strong>of</strong> 4, 5, <strong>and</strong> 8% solids. Concentrations <strong>of</strong><br />

0.018N, 0.019N, <strong>and</strong> 0.035N, respectively, were selected<br />

as optimum coagulant concentrations. 7. Flowchart <strong>of</strong><br />

kinugoshi (silken) t<strong>of</strong>u production. 8. Flowchart <strong>of</strong> packaged<br />

t<strong>of</strong>u production. 9. Flowchart <strong>of</strong> aseptically packaged<br />

t<strong>of</strong>u production. 10. Flowchart <strong>of</strong> kori (dried-frozen) t<strong>of</strong>u<br />

production. 11. Diagram <strong>of</strong> equipment used in large scale<br />

production <strong>of</strong> dried-frozen t<strong>of</strong>u (each piece <strong>of</strong> equipment is<br />

numbered <strong>and</strong> labeled). 12. Flowchart <strong>of</strong> miso production.<br />

13. Diagram <strong>of</strong> the interactive factors producing the<br />

characteristic attributes <strong>of</strong> miso. 14. Flowchart <strong>of</strong> tempeh<br />

production. Address: Iowa State Univ., Ames, Iowa.<br />

1520. Fujita, Mitsugu; Hong, Kyongsu; Ito, Yae; Fujii, R.;<br />

Kariya, K.; Nishimuro, S. 1995. Thrombolytic effect <strong>of</strong><br />

nattokinase on a chemically induced thrombosis model in<br />

rat. Biological <strong>and</strong> Pharmaceutical Bulletin 18(10):1387-91.<br />

Oct. [28 ref]<br />

• Summary: “Intravascular thrombosis is one <strong>of</strong> the main<br />

causes <strong>of</strong> a wide variety <strong>of</strong> cardiovascular diseases. Platelet<br />

aggregation <strong>and</strong> thrombogenesis play an important role<br />

in these diseases.” <strong>Natto</strong>kinase is a fi brinolytic enzyme<br />

which cleaves fi brin. Address: 1-3. Biotechnology Research<br />

Laboratories, JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 2-2-10<br />

Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-22, Japan.<br />

1521. Paine, Heather. 1995. Processing trends in Europe.<br />

Paper presented at the Third Bi-Annual SoyAfrica<br />

Conference. 14 p. + 11 p. <strong>of</strong> tables, charts, <strong>and</strong> graphs. Held<br />

3-5 Oct. 1995 at Johannesburg, South Africa. Organized by<br />

Aproma. [10 ref]<br />

• Summary: Contents: Introduction. <strong>History</strong> <strong>and</strong> production.<br />

The benefi ts <strong>of</strong> soya: Nutrition, functional properties.<br />

Products & applications: oil-based products (soya bean oil,<br />

soya lecithin), soya protein products (full-fat soya fl ours,<br />

defatted soya fl ours, soya concentrates, soya isolates), soya<br />

fi bre products (incl. soy bran), whole soybean products or<br />

soya foods (soya milk or drink, t<strong>of</strong>u, yuba, soya sauce, miso,<br />

tempeh, natto). Trends <strong>and</strong> problems: Growing market for<br />

soy protein ingredients, U.S. soyfoods market, soymilk sales,<br />

problems <strong>of</strong> quality <strong>and</strong> image <strong>and</strong> legislation. Address:<br />

Editor, Soyfoods, Engl<strong>and</strong>.

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