UNITED STATES GLASS COMPANY
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<strong>GLASS</strong><br />
<strong>UNITED</strong> <strong>STATES</strong><br />
<strong>GLASS</strong> <strong>COMPANY</strong><br />
ANIMAL<br />
COVERED <br />
DISHES*<br />
IDENTIFICATION GUIDE<br />
*CHICKENS NOT INCLUDED<br />
<br />
JENNIFER PATTON
ABOUT ME<br />
Hi! My name is Jen and this is a little bit about myself. First, I must say this project was a lot of fun.<br />
Like a book from my gradeschool years lol. I don’t know if children today still do book reports, but when<br />
I was in school, they were required and boy did I dread reading the assigned books then having to<br />
summarize them! I loved reading books that interested me and hopefully this will interest you. I created<br />
it for anyone that needs help with identification. For the novice glass collectors that buy animal covered<br />
dishes because they fall in love with the way they look or the type of animals they are, or simply for<br />
their colors. For the avid collectors who enjoy buying a few of each animal regardless of the maker. For<br />
the veteran collectors who may have hundreds of glass dishes who never cease to amaze me with their<br />
beautiful collections. For the people that have inherited or purchased someone’s entire collection or<br />
part of a collection and need help to identify things. For the people like me that are meticulous about<br />
every detail needing to label things and just absolutely need to know the whats, whens, whos, hows and<br />
whys of the animal dishes they own. For me, what started with one Asian yellow stained glass bunny on<br />
a nest, has flourished into a full blown collection of hundreds of mixed and matched animal covered<br />
“candy” dishes of all glass types and colors. No particular glass maker, just everything I can’t live<br />
without. LOL. Anyone that knows me would tell you that I stop at nothing, studying book after book<br />
searching for answers about my own glass animals until I find them. I have never been satisfied with a<br />
mystery….unless it involves me watching Columbo, my lifelong favorite television program! I am a<br />
mystery solver... a true detective. I get this from my Mother, Cindy -Sultana- Wheatley. I need to get to<br />
the bottom of a piece of unidentified glass. It drives me bananas not to know everything I can about<br />
each piece that I own. Next, I will tell you that the monetary value of my glassware means nothing to<br />
me. I collect it because I love it. However, unique and rare is always a find! Sure, like every collector, I<br />
love a bargain and have had to pass up many pieces that I could not afford. Ooooh the ones that got<br />
away. They haunt me. I can assure you that when I get a new addition to my collection, it has found its<br />
forever home. Someone before me and usually possibly before them owned these animal covered<br />
dishes making a kind of history that I can only imagine in my mind, its importance to each person. There<br />
is a reason behind every single glassware in every single dwelling. Glass symbolizes many things. It is<br />
proudly displayed. It is important to the person who owns it. I enjoy seeing the happiness glassware<br />
brings to people, especially these animal covered dishes. Who doesn’t love animals? I also enjoy seeing<br />
my collection knowing these pieces of history live on and hope that when I am long gone, they will be in<br />
other homes. My glass brings me peace; most peaceful in the evenings when the cabinet lights are on<br />
and the glass does its natural thing; what it was intended to do since the day it was made...look pretty! <br />
To me, it is reminiscent of having a year round Christmas Tree. Glass is AMAZING! I am a country girl<br />
through and through. I love all things nature. I am an avid bird watcher and an all around animal lover. I<br />
live in the beautiful state of Kentucky with my husband and our two dogs, Monkey and Johnnie, who by<br />
the way, is named after my all time favorite singer, Johnny Cash.
glass animal covered dishes by<br />
Jennifer Patton<br />
United states glass company<br />
copyright © 2023 by Jennifer Patton<br />
All rights reserved. No parts of this work may be reproduced without<br />
written permission from the copyright holder.<br />
No parts of this work may be reproduced for financial gain by anyone<br />
other than the copyright holder.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
united states glass company<br />
United States (U.S.) Glass Company was a combined group of 20 glass<br />
factories that ranged from Indiana to Pennsylvania. In 1891, the U.S. glass<br />
combine took place during a United States recession. Glass factories were<br />
going bankrupt left and right because supplies outnumbered demand.<br />
These glass factories were reassigned letters as part of the glass combine:<br />
Factory A - Adams & Co., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania<br />
Factory B - Bryce Brothers, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania<br />
Factory C - Challinor, Taylor & Co., Tarentum, Pennsylvania<br />
Factory D - George Duncan & Sons Glass, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania<br />
Factory E - Richards & Hartley, Tarentum, Pennsylvania<br />
Factory F - Ripley Glass, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania<br />
Factory G - Gillinder, Greensburg, Pennsylvania<br />
Factory H - Hobbs Glass Co., Wheeling, West Virginia<br />
Factory J - Columbia Glass, Findlay, Ohio<br />
Factory K - King Glass, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania<br />
Factory L - O'Hara Glass Co., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania<br />
Factory M - Bellaire Goblet Co., Findlay, Ohio<br />
Factory N - Nickel Plate Glass, Fostoria, Ohio<br />
Factory O - Central Glass, Wheeling, West Virginia<br />
Factory P - Doyle & Co., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania<br />
Factory R - A. J. Beatty & Sons, Tiffin, Ohio<br />
Factory S - A.J. Beatty & Sons, Steubenville, Ohio (never opened)<br />
Factory T - Novelty Glass Company, Fostoria, Ohio<br />
Factory U - Gas City, Indiana<br />
Factory GP - Glassport, Pennsylvania<br />
Over time, factories were closed because of economics during the<br />
depression, factories going on strike and fires. Three factories I will focus<br />
on that produced animal covered dishes during the U.S. Glass combine<br />
were:<br />
1.US Glass Factory 'C' = (CT) Challinor, Taylor & Co., of Tarentum PA.<br />
2.US Glass Factory 'O' = Central Glass Company, Wheeling, WV.<br />
3.US Glass Factory 'R' = A.J. Beatty & Sons, Tiffin, Ohio.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
united states glass company<br />
US Glass Factory 'C' = (CT) Challinor, Taylor & Co., of Tarentum, PA:<br />
In 1890, Challinor, Taylor & Co. advertised Block Swan and Swan on<br />
Water.<br />
In 1890, Challinor, Taylor & Co. advertised their "farmyard assortment".<br />
In 1891, after the glass combine, U.S. Glass modified the CT Swan on<br />
Water dish to have molded eyes and atop a Christmas Tree base.<br />
Changed Swan was not shown in U.S. Glass catalogs.<br />
In 1891, after the glass combine, U.S. Glass advertised the same<br />
farmyard assortment animals minus Eagle and Fish pickle dishes. It was<br />
no longer called farmyard assortment after the glass combine.<br />
In 1893, (CT) Factory 'C' burned down and was not rebuilt.<br />
In 1898 U.S. Glass catalogs, a large Rabbit on a smooth rim base<br />
appeared with other U.S. Glass animals, including the Block Swan. This<br />
was the first appearance of the Block Swan by U.S. Glass after the glass<br />
combine. The Swan was continued by U.S. Glass using the original CT<br />
mold. This was also the very first appearance of the large Rabbit.<br />
In 1898, U.S. Glass catalogs advertised a large standing Turkey. This was<br />
the first and only appearance of the Turkey Dish. U.S Glass continued<br />
production of the Turkey using the original Central mold.<br />
In 1904 U.S. Glass catalogs, large Rabbit, small Rabbit, and Wavy base<br />
Duck dishes were shown. This was the first appearance of the small<br />
Rabbit. Neither Rabbit was shown again after 1904. --- For you Hen<br />
collectors, this was also the first and only appearance in U.S. Glass<br />
catalogs of the small 5" U.S. Glass Hen which was available in<br />
crystal/crystal decorated. I personally consider this U.S. Glass Hen mold<br />
to be an original Hen mold by Central Glass which would have been<br />
acquired during the 2 years Central was part of the U.S. Glass combine.<br />
In 1915, U.S. Glass export catalogs showed the Wavy base Duck with a<br />
Rooster and large Hen. No other animal covered dishes were shown.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
united states glass company<br />
US Glass Factory 'R' = A.J. Beatty, Tiffin, Ohio::<br />
I added A.J. Beatty & Sons Glass Company because it leads to the Tiffin<br />
Glass Duck and how the U.S. Glass Duck was tied to Tiffin Art Glass.<br />
In 1888, a 3-furnace factory was built at the corner of 4th Ave and Vine<br />
St. This was A.J. Beatty & Sons Glass Company. They began operations<br />
in 1889.<br />
THIS IS THE BACK OF A TIFFIN DUCK TAG<br />
ALL THE WAY UNTIL THE END OF<br />
OPERATIONS, THEIR ADDRESS<br />
HAD NEVER CHANGED<br />
In 1892, A.J. Beatty and Sons of Tiffin, Ohio became Factory 'R' of the<br />
U.S. Glass combine. Under many different names and ownerships, they<br />
would stay part of the glass combine for the next 71 years or until 1963.<br />
In 1893, Factory 'R' was destroyed by fire. The factory was rebuilt.<br />
Different names of the factory follow:<br />
1. Began as A.J. Beatty and Sons --- 1852-1892<br />
2. U.S. Glass Company Factory 'R' ---1892-1963<br />
a. Early 1900's: USG on a gold shield label was placed on their<br />
commercially marketed glass. This label was used on commercially<br />
marketed glass through 1927. At this time, household glass ware had gold<br />
shield stickers with the letter T on them. The word Tiffin was also present.<br />
b. In June 1938, U.S. Glass Co. offices were relocated to Tiffin, Ohio<br />
from Pittsburgh, PA.<br />
c. By 1940, ALL U.S. Glass Co. glassware, both commercial and<br />
household was labeled with gold Tiffin shield stickers. No more USG labels<br />
were used. They were still operating as U.S. Glass Company but only used<br />
Tiffin labels and did so for the next 22 years. U.S. Glass didn't close until<br />
1962.<br />
d. In 1955, U.S. Glass purchased machinery and nearly all molds<br />
from Duncan & Miller Glass Company. Duncan-Miller closed in 1955 due to<br />
foreign competition. They had been open 115 years! U.S. Glass continued<br />
using Tiffin labels, even on Duncan-Miller molds. After U.S. Glass Company<br />
permanently shut down in 1963, glass manufacturing continued at the<br />
Tiffin location (4th and Vine) under several ownerships who used Tiffin gold<br />
shield labels on all their glassware.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
united states glass company<br />
e. By the end of the 1950's, Factory 'R' (known as "The Tiffin Factory")<br />
was in financial trouble. They filed bankruptcy in 1962. Tiffin Glass was<br />
rescued by four former employees who purchased the glass company and<br />
changed the name to Tiffin Art Glass in 1963. Employees' names were C. W.<br />
Carlson Jr., Bea Platt, Ellsworth Beebe and Paul Williams. Start-up date was<br />
on 9/16/63. 1963 was the official end of Factory 'R' and the United States<br />
Glass Company.<br />
3. Tiffin Art Glass ---1963-1966<br />
a. Tiffin Glass Company produced the Duck on wavy base dish using<br />
the original CT/U.S. Glass mold(s).<br />
4. Continental Can Corporation --- 1966-1968<br />
a. CCC was renamed Tiffin Glass Company, Inc. Stemware remained<br />
the majority of production. Blown glass was made as well as the Duck on<br />
wavy base dish using the original CT/U.S. Glass mold(s).<br />
5. Interpace Corporation ---1968-1979<br />
a. Ducks on wavy base dish was produced using the original CT/U.S.<br />
Glass mold(s). Interpace added a Tiffin Duck history card on a string to all<br />
Ducks they produced.<br />
6. Towle Silversmiths --- 1979-1980<br />
a. They operated as Tiffin Crystal. The furnaces were shut down<br />
exactly one year after they purchased the glass factory. Towle Silversmiths<br />
continued selling Tiffin Glass stemware until 1984 via mail order.<br />
Every single glass factory located at 4th and Vine in Tiffin, Ohio since 1932<br />
applied a gold label in the shape of a shield that read T, Tiffin on their Duck<br />
on wavy base dishes. This makes identifying glass very confusing because<br />
of so many Tiffin stickers! I do not know much about glassware other than<br />
animal covered dishes. I know you E.A.P.G. experts out there can tell<br />
differences in glassware made by A.J. Beatty & Sons and U.S. Glass but I<br />
cannot, and "Tiffin" labels only make it worse.<br />
The Tiffin Glass factory, once known as Factory 'R' of the U.S. Glass Co.<br />
combine, located at 4th and Vine, finally closed its doors in 1980.<br />
In 1986, portions of Tiffin Glass Company were demolished by the city.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
united states glass company<br />
US Glass Factory 'O' = Central Glass, Wheeling, West Virginia:<br />
While operating as Factory 'O', no Central animal covered dishes were<br />
produced via U.S. Glass Co. I've only included Central to show the timeline<br />
and establish how U.S. Glass had access to the Turkey and small Hen molds.<br />
In the 1880's, Central advertised a Fish among other miscellaneous<br />
Central items.<br />
See it here:<br />
https://opensalts.us/References/Catalogs/US/USA-CentralGlass1880s-bW.jpg<br />
In 1883, Central advertised etched glass Hens in 3 sizes, 8", 7" and 5".<br />
In 1887, Central advertised etched Duck on Marine base and 3 sizes of<br />
etched glass Hens, 8", 7", and 5". It has also been found unetched.<br />
In 1891, Central Glass Company listed Duck, Turkey, Fish and 3 sizes of<br />
Hens (large / medium / individual) on their price list. All were listed in<br />
etched glass. The Fish dish was also advertised in plain, unetched glass,<br />
but the others above were not. Opal Ducks, Turkeys, 7" and 5" Hens were<br />
made by Central Glass in very low quantities. Opals are ***VERY RARE***.<br />
Hen on nesters...pay attention to this next part. The individual 5" Central Hen<br />
was not offered in clear, unetched glass in Central catalogs. None of the three<br />
Central Hens were: 8", 7" nor 5". By the way, I never found the "Linebacker"<br />
Hen in any Central Glass catalog, nor have I found any colored transparent 7"<br />
or 5" Hens. These Hens have not been proven to be by Central Glass. 5" Hens<br />
in Crystal or Crystal hand painted with gold gilding on rims or with any<br />
decoration are U.S. Glass Hens. They premiered in the 1898 U.S. Glass Co.<br />
catalog and were last shown in the 1904 catalog. They were offered in Crystal<br />
and Decorated, the same as other ACDs in the ad. I did not write this in haste.<br />
Many may disagree with me. I must clarify that the 1898 U.S. Glass catalog<br />
came out 5 years after Central left the glass combine. U.S. Glass surely had<br />
possession of the Central mold. U.S. Glass reproduced the small Central Hen<br />
between 1898-1904. Central produced etched glass animal covered dishes. U.S<br />
Glass produced unetched crystal. Yes, of course, a few 5" Hens may have<br />
slipped through Central Glass without becoming etched. We have seen this<br />
happen with other glass companies. After all, isn't true that all they began as<br />
unetched? Central Glass did not paint their hens. I had been searching for the<br />
advertised elusive small crystal U.S. Glass Hen and all the while it was hiding<br />
in plain sight. We have been misidentifying unetched colorless, plain, painted<br />
or gold gilded 5" U.S. Glass Hens as Central Glass.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
united states glass company<br />
Many U.S. Glass animal covered dishes are found with gold gilding on their rims<br />
such as: Small Rabbits, Large Rabbits, Roosters, Large Hens and Block Swans<br />
on smooth rimmed CT bases. "If you think that Challinor, Taylor & Co animal<br />
covered dishes were gilded before the glass combine, please note that I had<br />
mentioned both large Rabbit and small Rabbit on Triple arches base dishes<br />
were confirmed products of U.S. Glass Company, had gilded rims. By the way,<br />
how many Central A.C.D.s had gold gilded rims? ZERO..."<br />
Late 1891, Central Glass joined the U.S. Glass combine as Factory 'O'.<br />
In 1893, Central Glass, Factory 'O' closed and left the U.S. Glass<br />
combine. They reopened on their own, no longer part of the glass<br />
combine, in 1896 as Central Glass Works.<br />
As I wrote before, most U.S. Glass factories had closed over time. In 1963,<br />
the last of the combined glass companies, Glassport of Pennsylvania,<br />
closed after a tornado knocked the factory water tower through a roof.<br />
Furnaces were ruined because they were cooled by water and over 500,000<br />
lbs. of glass hardened.<br />
....<br />
"Sometimes I wonder about things. Like for instance, after the takeover<br />
of Challinor, Taylor & Co and Central Glass by U.S. Glass, how did U.S. Glass<br />
Co. end up with so many molds in the end?" Surprisingly, CT molds were<br />
spared from a destructive fire and U.S. Glass was fortunate they were."<br />
"My mind wanders to the dog-eat-dog glass industry of the last quarter<br />
of 19th century. How convenient it was that U.S. Glass factories went out of<br />
business, but their molds were spared? And... the David and Goliath U.S.<br />
Glass Co. would benefit from continued production of these wonderful,<br />
covered dishes? Perhaps as part of the glass combine, they had to put it in<br />
writing, forfeiting their molds as they joined? Was U.S. Glass Company<br />
cutting out any future competition? Of course, we will never know, and this<br />
was merely a drifting thought. I can't help it. I'm just that way. LOL ---Jen."<br />
It's too bad that Challinor, Taylor and Co. was never rebuilt. It would have<br />
been better had CT retrieved, reclaimed and reused their molds!<br />
I don't know how it worked out that U.S. Glass Co. also kept the Central<br />
Turkey and Small Hen molds, but it seems they knabbed them as well<br />
before Central Glass left the combine.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
united states glass company<br />
1898 U.S. Glass Company catalog showed:<br />
Large U.S. Glass Co. Rabbit FIRST appeared here in crystal or decorated<br />
U.S. Glass Co. Turkey Jam Jar ONLY appeared here in crystal or decorated<br />
U.S. Glass Co. Duck FIRST appeared here in crystal or decorated.<br />
<br />
1904 U.S. Glass catalog showed:<br />
U.S. Glass Co. Rabbit on Tulip Arches base ONLY appeared here in crystal<br />
U.S. Glass Co. Large Rabbit LAST appeared here in crystal or decorated<br />
U.S. Glass Co. Small Hen ONLY appeared here in crystal or decorated<br />
U.S. Glass Co. Duck 2ND appearance here in crystal or decorated<br />
Catalog photos Courtesy of Sid Lethbridge<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. glass co. duck on wavy base<br />
U.S. Glass Company Duck is not an original. It is a continuation of the<br />
original Challinor, Taylor & Company Duck. Challinor-Taylor produced the<br />
Duck butter dish in opal colors and opal decorated with hand paint.<br />
U.S. Glass acquired the original Duck mold in 1891 during the U.S. Glass<br />
combine and produced Ducks in Crystal and Crystal Decorated between<br />
1898-1915. The first advertised U.S. Glass Duck appeared in 1898 and the<br />
last in 1915. It is not known if U.S. Glass had the Duck dish produced after<br />
1915. In 1932, the Duck mold went to Tiffin, Ohio's Factory 'R' of the U.S.<br />
Glass combine. The Duck mold arrived broken. Part of the tail was defective<br />
but was quickly repaired at the Tiffin glass plant. Factory 'R' produced the<br />
duck 1932-1963. Though this Duck was produced at a U.S. Glass factory<br />
through '63, it was/is considered a "Tiffin" Duck. Factory 'R' shut down in<br />
1963 which marked the end of United States Glass Company. Quick ID tip:<br />
U.S. Glass Ducks have no repair mark inside their tails. "Tiffin" Ducks do.<br />
U.S. Glass Ducks may be found hand painted in various styles. Paint was<br />
applied after the Duck was cooled and is very fragile. If you find a U.S. Glass<br />
Duck with nice paint, consider yourself lucky. Not many are left. The paint<br />
wears off easily so be very careful when washing the dish.<br />
U.S. Glass Ducks have eye sockets with applied glass eyes.<br />
Ducks are unmarked. 8" long.<br />
1963-1979, reproductions of the original U.S. Glass Duck were made at<br />
the "Tiffin" glass factory located in Tiffin, Ohio. Many transparent<br />
colors were produced using the original mold(s). Between 1968-1979,<br />
milk glass versions of the Duck were produced. Tiffin label or Duck<br />
History card may be present. 8" long.<br />
Crystal Denise Brouillette<br />
Here is a lovely example of a Crystal<br />
Duck with eyes still intact. Take note of<br />
the little glob of glass on the head.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. glass co. duck on wavy base<br />
Crystal Gayle Gyssler Marvel<br />
Notice the same glob on this Duck's head?<br />
Crystal, Decorated with Hand Paint Aundi Lastinger Stokes<br />
Notice the same glob of glass on this Duck's head? Evidently, this is a US<br />
Glass trait, but I hadn't noticed until I had 3 examples together to share!<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. glass co. duck on wavy base<br />
Ducks were only sold in packages with Roosters and Hens as part of a "Just<br />
Out" Assortment. In this ad they were called Decorated Egg Dishes. All three<br />
items were decorated in assorted colors and trimmed with gold. Note the<br />
Hen was on a crystal Block Swan base. I have never seen that Block Swan<br />
base trimmed in gold, but the ad stated it was. This ad was proof that Block<br />
Swans were produced by U.S. Glass in crystal in 1897. In the 1898 U.S. Glass<br />
ad, Hen was atop its traditional basket weave base. Swan bases were<br />
discontinued because Swans were not in the 1907 U.S. Glass ad.<br />
It is also acceptable for the Rooster to be atop this Swan base.<br />
1897 Pitkin and Brooks Advertisement of the Duck. This Duck was<br />
advertised the year before the Duck appeared in the 1898 U.S. Glass ad.<br />
Courtesy of Sid Lethridge<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. glass co. duck on wavy base<br />
1915 US Glass Export Ad<br />
1898 US Glass ad<br />
Duck<br />
Also make Decorated<br />
Duck, Plain or Decorated<br />
1904 US Glass ad<br />
1907 US Glass ad<br />
Duck Butter and Cover<br />
Catalog cut outs courtesy of Sid Lethbridge and MAGWV<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. glass co. duck on wavy base<br />
1915 US Glass export catalog cut out. The text was in<br />
Spanish. Exports must have gone to Latin America.<br />
Duck Butter and Cover<br />
Price per doz.........$2.00 Gross weight.....54 kilos<br />
Precto por doc......$2.00 Peso bruto........54 kilos<br />
Dozen to bubble.... 2 1/2<br />
Doc a barril.............2 1/2<br />
Catalog cut out courtesy of MAGWV via Shirley Smith Hen on Nest ID book 1<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. gLASS CO. rABBIT on triple arches base<br />
Rabbit on tulip or triple arches base is not a reproduction. The Rabbit was<br />
thought to have originated with Challinor, Taylor and Company, but the<br />
Rabbit never appeared in any CT catalogs. A Rabbit and matching Hen were<br />
advertised in April of 1900 in a Butler Bros ad. The ad stated they were<br />
decorated in natural colors. Later, the Rabbit dish appeared in the 1904 U.S.<br />
Glass Co. catalog, with this description: Small Rabbit, Crystal. Though it was<br />
only advertised in crystal, U.S. Glass decorated Rabbits with hand paint, BUT<br />
NOT IN NATURAL COLORS. U.S. Glass Rabbit dishes have been seen in Crystal<br />
and Crystal hand painted. Each animal covered dish in the same U.S. Glass ad<br />
was available in both crystal and crystal, decorated. Rabbit lid has 4 eggs on<br />
each side and sits atop a tulip style/triple arches base with stippling or many<br />
tiny little lines between the arches. Unmarked. 5 1/2" long.<br />
Identical Rabbits in White milk glass with Pink painted eyes and gold gilded rims were<br />
also advertised in the same ad in April of 1900. (A collector once saw a Rabbit on triple<br />
arches base in Blue opaque with a White opaque head.) Unknown if aforementioned<br />
Rabbit bases were stippled. Both by unknown maker(s). 5 1/2" long.<br />
There was a matching Hen on "tulip" base. Collectors call it a "Fenton prototype". It has<br />
been found in transparent colors and Blue or White opaque. Like the Rabbit, it was seen<br />
in Blue opal with White head. This Hen, ca. 1900, NEVER appeared in a U.S. Glass catalog.<br />
This adds to my theory that the White milk glass Rabbit was not by U.S. Glass, but by<br />
whoever poured the "Prototype Hen" in opal colors. 5 1/2" long.<br />
Fenton reproduced the Hen, but not the Rabbit. Hen base has longer wavy lines, not as<br />
stippled as the original.<br />
TAKE<br />
NOTE<br />
Spring of 1900 Butler Brothers ad courtesy of Sid Lethbridge. Note the ad did not mention<br />
any gold paint. The Hen and Rabbit were decorated in natural colors. I have never seen a<br />
painted "prototype Hen". U.S. Glass Rabbits were painted in bright gaudy colors with gold<br />
gilding. I believe the ad was referring to U.S. Glass Rabbits being cheaply decorated as these<br />
would have been the only other crystal decorated Rabbits in 1900.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton<br />
Here in a 1900 Butler<br />
Brothers ad, we see the<br />
Hen and Rabbit<br />
Covered Dishes for<br />
Easter in natural colors.<br />
These were hand<br />
decorated with paint<br />
over crystal.<br />
These two were<br />
NOT advertised in<br />
opal.<br />
Unmarked<br />
4" high x 5 1/2" long
u.s. gLASS CO. rABBIT on triple arches base<br />
How competitive these glass companies were! There were other crystal<br />
Hens and Rabbits on the market in 1900 that this unknown maker considered<br />
to be cheaply decorated. Who copied whom? because this ads' intent was:<br />
"We make better products. Purchase ours, not theirs!"<br />
I considered their use of the word "scant". The word does not necessarily<br />
mean small. It also means barely sufficient, adequate or meager. Meaning, the<br />
ad was trying to state the other painted Rabbit lacked quality. I understand<br />
they used the word "size", but there were no other decorated Rabbit Dishes<br />
like the one in the 1900 Butler Bros ad except one: U.S. Glass Company.<br />
BELOW: White milk Glass Rabbit with Pink painted eyes and Gold gilded rim<br />
was conveniently placed in the same Butler Brothers Easter ad.<br />
This further fed my theory that White Rabbits on triple arches bases were NOT<br />
by U.S. Glass Company.<br />
White Rabbits Dishes were advertised in the 1900 Butler Brothers ad. These<br />
White opaque Rabbit dishes had painted Pink eyes and Gold paint (gilding)<br />
around base rims. Unmarked. 5 1/2" long.<br />
U.S. Glass did NOT pour animal dishes in opal. The milk glass Rabbit was<br />
most likely another glass maker in the U.S. Glass combine of 1891. The<br />
same applies to opal "Fenton Prototype" Hens. It was probably by an opal<br />
manufacturer in the glass combine.<br />
As for "Fenton Prototype" Hens in Colorless Crystal or transparent Green<br />
or Blue, I cannot neither agree nor disagree they were produced by the<br />
same factory as opal Hens. The mold may have been shared among U.S.<br />
Glass factories in the combine.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. gLASS CO. rABBIT on triple arches base<br />
Neither CT nor U.S. Glass advertised Hens with tulip/triple arches bases.<br />
"Fenton Prototype" Hen lids are so very similar to Central Glass Hen lids,<br />
they could have been fabricated after Central Glass joined the combine.<br />
I have already discovered the 5" U.S. Glass Co. Hens on basketweave<br />
bases in unfrosted crystal or unfrosted crystal decorated, were made by U.S.<br />
Glass after Central left the glass combine and not by Central Glass as<br />
previously thought. This was because U.S. Glass Co. acquired the original<br />
mold after Central Glass left the glass combine in 1893. U.S. Glass Co.<br />
produced the 5" Hen on basketweave base dish between 1900-1904. We<br />
must also remember that U.S. Glass Company acquired Central's Turkey<br />
Jam Jar mold.<br />
U.S. Glass Co. acquired the 5" Central Glass Hen mold (lid and<br />
basketweave base) from Central Glass and produced the Hen dish<br />
between 1900-1904 in crystal or crystal decorated but never in milk<br />
glass. I state 1900 because a 5" Decorated Crystal Hen appeared in the<br />
1900 Butler Bros. ad. I state through 1904 because the 5" Hen in Crystal<br />
appeared in the 1904 U.S. Glass Co. catalog and never appeared again.<br />
It is not known who initially owned the triple arches base mold or the<br />
Rabbit lid mold, but we know for certain that U.S. Glass Company had<br />
possession of it by 1904. In the 1904 U.S. Glass ad, the Rabbit was<br />
advertised in crystal but not in milk glass.<br />
Because the Rabbit dish in milk glass made its only appearance in the<br />
Spring of 1900, I can presume opaque Hens on triple arches bases would<br />
have been phased out around the same time. I do not know if this<br />
applied to Hens in Green, Blue or colorless because it is not known if<br />
transparent "Fenton Prototype" Hens and opaque "Fenton Prototype"<br />
Hens were produced at the same glass factory.<br />
I have always wondered why we haven't seen any Blue or Green<br />
transparent Rabbits on triple arches bases. I believe it is because U.S. Glass<br />
Co. only produced crystal and crystal decorated Rabbits. I also believe the<br />
competitor's Rabbit [which was painted in natural colors], was the only way<br />
that one came from that particular unknown factory. It only further confuses<br />
me as to who poured the Blue and Green "Fenton Prototype" Hens. If the<br />
same factory poured transparent colored Hens, then why not also<br />
transparent colored Rabbits? Rabbit dishes were popular!!<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. gLASS CO. rABBIT on triple arches base<br />
1904 ad shows small Rabbit in Crystal and small Hen in Crystal or<br />
decorated.<br />
1904 US Glass Rabbit<br />
catalog cut out:<br />
Small Rabbit, Crystal<br />
Note the Rabbit was only<br />
available in Crystal in 1904,<br />
not in Milk Glass.<br />
1904 U.S. Glass Co. catalog courtesy of Sid Lethbridge.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. gLASS CO. rABBIT on triple arches base<br />
When I studied the Butler Bros ad, my first observation was how the ads<br />
were split by lines/sections. In the TOP RIGHT photo, I could plainly identify<br />
those dishes as Greentown. 43 cents a dozen by the way. Imagine that!<br />
In the BOTTOM LEFT photo, I first thought the Hen could be an Atterbury,<br />
but no, the shape of the base was wrong for Atterbury and theirs weren't<br />
painted in natural colors. Then I thought about Central Glass. I had to think<br />
about it for a bit because it stated Hen, decorated in natural feather colors.<br />
Couldn't be by Central either. I narrowed it down further. How many other<br />
American glass companies produced 5" Hens in 1900 on basketweave<br />
bases? The braided rim of the depicted Hen seemed to me to be a shade<br />
darker than the rest of the base. I had interpreted this to be gilding (gold<br />
paint) and not a shadow. I could have been wrong. The polychrome paint<br />
description threw me off.<br />
Greentown<br />
Done at a U.S. Glass factory<br />
Done at a U.S. Glass factory<br />
(Central mold) Done at<br />
a U.S. Glass factory<br />
I know my book isn't<br />
including chickens, but I<br />
literally picked apart this<br />
ad for over a year. This<br />
was important to me.<br />
1900 Butler Bros ad, Courtesy of Sid Lethbridge<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. gLASS CO. rABBIT on triple arches base<br />
I remembered that molds were shared among glass factories during the<br />
glass combine of 1891, but this little painted Hen couldn't be Central Glass.<br />
Central Glass produced the 5" Hen dish between 1883-1893. Central Glass<br />
left the glass combine in 1893.This ad was made 7 years after Central Glass<br />
left the combine. BUT! this Hen dish was made using a Central Glass Hen<br />
mold! According to the 1898 & 1904 U.S. Glass catalogs, 5" U.S. Glass Co.<br />
Hens on basketweave bases were available in crystal or crystal decorated. I<br />
concluded the small Hen in the bottom left photo painted in natural feather<br />
colors was by U.S. Glass Co. using an original Central Hen mold(s).<br />
Next, in the TOP LEFT<br />
photo, I could relate that the<br />
Hen and Rabbit were from the<br />
same maker because they were<br />
priced together and mentioned<br />
together in the same sentence.<br />
They were both described as<br />
TOP LEFT PHOTO courtesy of Sid Lethbridge being decorated in natural<br />
colors. Both of these dishes were made at one of the U.S. Glass factories.<br />
BOTTOM RIGHT PHOTO courtesy of Sid Lethbridge<br />
Now, on to the BOTTOM RIGHT photo in the ad... the White Rabbit dish. I had<br />
considered for a moment that this Rabbit was the same as the U.S. Glass Co. Rabbit<br />
pictured with the Hen top left, but I was not convinced they were by the same<br />
maker since day one. Frank Chiarenza did not attribute it. Chiarenza shared a Milk<br />
Glass Rabbit in "custard" color in his book. I concluded this Rabbit and Chiarenza's<br />
Rabbit were produced by a glass factory in the U.S. Glass combine who once again<br />
were sharing molds with the maker of the decorated Rabbit in the top left photo.<br />
This factory would have produced milk glass items in 1900. But who? I don't know.<br />
Perhaps someday we will find out.<br />
Bottom line: I believe all Hens and Rabbits on tulip bases were produced at one or<br />
another glass factory in the U.S. Glass combine using shared molds but not by<br />
Challinor, Taylor & Co as previously thought.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. gLASS CO. rABBIT on triple arches base<br />
Crystal and Crystal Decorated Rabbits on tulip/triple arches bases were<br />
never shown in any ad or catalog after 1904. I found this to be strange<br />
because many other animal covered dishes in U.S. Glass ads were<br />
advertised through 1915. Because of this, I further wondered if U.S. Glass<br />
ever owned the Rabbit mold at all. Did they only have possession of the<br />
mold until its true owner left the U.S. Glass combine? Rabbits/Bunnies<br />
were big sellers and still are today. Why would they end the Rabbit dish so<br />
soon? It is my conclusion that another glass factory in the glass combine<br />
took it with them after they left the glass combine. We may never know<br />
who.<br />
Rabbits on triple arches bases in any opaque color are ***VERY RARE***<br />
Photo shared from the Milk Glass Book by Chiarenza & Slater,<br />
pg. 68. Rabbit color was described as creamy Ivory or light<br />
Custard and more translucent than it appeared in the photo.<br />
Shown above is the very rare opaque Rabbit dish, unknown maker. This<br />
particular dish was not bright white. It was more Ivory or Custard color.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. gLASS CO. rABBIT on triple arches base<br />
Crystal with hand paint<br />
Gilded rim<br />
Closeup of Eye and Whiskers<br />
Stippling between arches<br />
Photos courtesy of Denise Brouillette<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. gLASS CO. rABBIT on triple arches base<br />
Gayle Gyssler Marvel<br />
Lianne McNeil<br />
Lianne McNeil<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. gLASS CO. rABBIT on triple arches base<br />
Christine Browning<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. glass co. large rabbit<br />
This large Rabbit butter dish was an original, not a reproduction. It was<br />
thought to have originated with Challinor, Taylor and Company, but it<br />
never appeared in any Challinor, Taylor catalogs. The Rabbit appeared in<br />
two U.S Glass catalogs. Once in 1898 and again in 1904. The 1898 U.S Glass<br />
catalog came out 5 years after Challinor, Taylor & Co. glass factory burned<br />
down and closed. I also placed the Rabbit under U.S. Glass because it was<br />
never produced in opal, like other CT A.C.Ds. It was produced after the U.S.<br />
glass combine of 1891 and after the 1893 CT fire. The Rabbit lid sits atop a<br />
standard Challinor, Taylor smooth rimmed base. The same base was also<br />
paired with CT/US Glass Rooster, Hen and Swan. Rabbit was offered in<br />
Crystal and Crystal with hand paint. Braiding on the smooth rimmed bases<br />
may have gold gilding. Unmarked. 7" long.<br />
Westmoreland Rabbit with Eggs lid is identical to the U.S. Glass Rabbit.<br />
Westmoreland Glass reproduced this dish 1950's-1977. Whether by creating<br />
their own mold or acquiring the original mold we may never know. Even<br />
though WG owned smooth rimmed CT style bases, WG Rabbit lids were<br />
paired with Westmoreland Diamond bases or Lacy bases. 7" long.<br />
Westmoreland Glass poured this Rabbit lid for Levay Distributing 1977-1982<br />
using the WG lid mold. Later, Levay would own the mold. Lids were paired<br />
with Westmoreland Diamond bases or Lacy bases which were also acquired<br />
by Levay. 7" long.<br />
Lid was leased by Fenton 1991-2009. Fenton Rabbits were atop Fenton's<br />
smooth rimmed basket weave bases.<br />
Rabbit, also<br />
make Decorated<br />
The Rabbit in the 1898 catalog was made in<br />
Crystal. Decorated Rabbits were also available.<br />
Other animal covered dishes in this ad, also in<br />
crystal, have been seen hand painted in several<br />
colors.<br />
1898 U.S. Glass catalog/ad by Sid Lethbridge<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. glass co. large rabbit<br />
1904 U.S. Glass catalog by Sid Lethbridge offered Rabbit in Crystal or Decorated<br />
Large Rabbit,<br />
Plain or Decorated<br />
Underside of the rim is rough/stippled<br />
Photos by Opacity Partners<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. glass co. large rabbit<br />
Nice example of the CT smooth rim base by Denise Brouillette<br />
Gayle Gyssler Marvel<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s. glass co. large rabbit<br />
Example of gilded rim on U.S. Glass<br />
Rooster courtesy of Michael Pazarena<br />
Example of gilded rim on 5" U.S. Glass<br />
Hen Courtesy of Amruta Rhodes<br />
NOTE: Pupils are indented on both<br />
Large and Small U.S. Glass Rabbits<br />
Rabbit photos<br />
Courtesy of<br />
Michael Pazarena<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.S. gLASS Co. sWAN<br />
Swan dish by United States Glass Company was not an original. The Swan<br />
was a reproduction or continuation of the 1891 Block Swan by Challinor,<br />
Taylor & Co. CT became part of the U.S. glass combine as Factory 'C' in 1891.<br />
The Block Swan in opaque would have been continued through 1893 when<br />
Factory C was destroyed by a fire. It is not known if U.S. Glass Co. produced<br />
the Swan in crystal/crystal decorated between 1894-1896 because U.S. Glass<br />
did not advertise the Swan until 1898. It was the only year they advertised<br />
the Swan dish.<br />
Challinor, Taylor & Co. only produced Block Swans in opaque. For the last<br />
hundred years, collectors have bundled U.S. Glass items with CT items. For<br />
example, when identifying Roosters in Crystal with paint or gold gilding, the<br />
ID is always CT/US or flat out Challinor, Taylor. For sake of argument, it is<br />
acceptable to consider all crystal U.S. Glass animal covered dishes as CT<br />
even though CT did NOT produce animal covered dishes in crystal or crystal<br />
decorated with paint (this includes Block Swans). I have also shared<br />
colorless examples of Swans in my Challinor, Taylor eBook. ID can be<br />
confusing because CT was part of the U.S. Glass takeover for 2 years. Crystal<br />
"CT" A.C.Ds did not show up until 4 years after CT left the glass combine.<br />
In 1897, Pitkin and Brooks advertised a "Just Out" assortment of Crystal<br />
Decorated egg dishes trimmed in gold which were three items by U.S. Glass<br />
Co. They were Rooster, Hen and Duck. What I found interesting about the<br />
P&B ad was the Hen was atop a flanged Block Swan base! This ad is further<br />
proof that U.S. Glass, not CT, gilded their items in gold. To this day, I have<br />
never seen a flanged Block Swan base with gold paint. These must have<br />
been made in limited quantities in 1897 for the "Just Out" assortment.<br />
By the time the 1897 P&B ad came out, CT had been shut down for four<br />
years. This is also proof U.S. Glass Co. had possession of the Block Swan<br />
mold after CT left the glass combine. As I stated before, U.S. Glass Co. did<br />
not advertise the Swan dish until 1898. It was offered in crystal or crystal<br />
decorated with hand paint in their 1898 ad. The P&B ad is further proof U.S.<br />
Glass Co. was pouring the Swan base in colorless in 1897.<br />
U.S. Glass Swan dish is not marked. It is acceptable atop two base styles:<br />
flanged or smooth rimmed basketweave. Crystal Swans may be decorated<br />
with hand paint or gilded with gold. Height varies with each base. 8" long.<br />
No known reproductions<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.S. gLASS Co. sWAN<br />
1898 U.S. Glass catalog ad courtesy of Sid Lethbridge<br />
Swan<br />
Also make Decorated<br />
This was the only time U.S. Glass Company showed the Swan in their catalog<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.S. gLASS Co. sWAN<br />
All Crystal Swans that I've ever seen had frosted heads, necks and tails.<br />
Denise Brouillette<br />
Stephen C. StClair<br />
Smooth rimmed basketweave base with Gold<br />
Gilded gilding Leah Hardin<br />
Flanged Swan base Stephen C. StClair<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.S. gLASS Co. sWAN<br />
Here we see a beautiful U.S. Glass Co. Rooster atop a flanged Swan base.<br />
All photos are<br />
courtesy of<br />
Stephen C. StClair<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
U.S. Glass Turkey "jam jar"<br />
U.S. Glass Co. Turkey "Jam Jar" was not an original. It was a reproduction<br />
or continuation of the original 1890 Central Glass Turkey Bowl. It made its<br />
only appearance in the 1898 U.S. Glass Co. catalog. The Turkey was shown<br />
with several animal covered dishes previously produced by Challinor, Taylor<br />
& Co. It was thought the Turkey was produced by CT, but this has been<br />
disproved by Sid Lethbridge. CT did not produce any Turkey dishes.<br />
In 2014, research was done by Lethbridge who built a strong case that the<br />
original Turkey was made by Central Glass. Veteran collector Jeffrey<br />
Swantek owns a Central Turkey Bowl in White Opaque. It's the only one that<br />
we know of thus far. This is an ***EXTREMELY RARE*** Turkey.<br />
In 2023, while speaking with a glass buddy of mine, I discovered that he<br />
had two Turkeys, one plain, one etched. These were as described on<br />
Central's 1891 price list. Discovering his etched Turkey was final proof that<br />
the original Turkey Bowl was indeed the Turkey listed by Central Glass. We<br />
finally had evidence of one in etched glass! It was the last missing piece of<br />
the puzzle. His etched Turkey is ***VERY RARE***. It is also the only one that<br />
we know of thus far. Because fewer opaque Turkey Bowls were made, any<br />
found today would be the rarest of the 3 colors by Central Glass.<br />
Central joined the U.S. Glass combine as Factory 'O' in 1891. Just prior to<br />
this, the price list mentioned above by Central listed Turkeys in etched and<br />
opal. Though not listed, Turkeys were also available in plain, unetched<br />
glass.<br />
While Central Glass was part of the glass combine, they did not produce<br />
any A.C.Ds. Sadly, they left the combine 2 years later without the Turkey<br />
"Jam Jar" mold but fortunately started back up in 1896 as Central Glass<br />
Works. Novelty A.C.Ds were left in the past and beer mugs, hotel glassware<br />
and tableware became their focus.<br />
U.S. Glass acquired Central's Turkey mold in 1893 and continued its<br />
production. It is impossible to know exactly when they began to reproduce<br />
the Turkey Dish because we haven't seen any U.S. Glass catalogs prior to<br />
1898. It was advertised in crystal and crystal decorated in '98.<br />
This Turkey dish is very large. It was stated that it holds one quart. It has<br />
been told by collectors that a person can fit two fists inside its deep cavity.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.s glass co. turkey "jam jar"<br />
1898 U.S. Glass catalog ad courtesy of Sid Lethbridge<br />
Turkey, Also make Decorated<br />
1898 U.S Glass ad by Sid Lethbridge<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
U.S. Glass Turkey "jam jar"<br />
U.S. Glass Co. never produced Turkey Dishes in opaque.<br />
It is not uncommon to find Turkey Jam Jars in colorless, unetched glass<br />
these days. Both Central and U.S. Glass made them in plain, unetched<br />
glass. In clear, both Turkeys are identical and indistinguishable by maker.<br />
Central produced flint glass at one time, but not in the Turkey dish. They<br />
do not have that famous flint glass "ping" when flicked. Most flint glass<br />
making had ended by the 1870's.<br />
Turkey Jam Jar is unmarked. Measurements are 9"x 9"x 7".<br />
U.S. Glass Turkey "Jam Jar" has a fully waffled or crisscross pattern<br />
under its base.There were other large standing Turkey dishes with waffle<br />
patterns made in colorless glass:<br />
1926 Czech Turkey<br />
U.S. Glass<br />
Czech<br />
9" high<br />
Waffled base<br />
Right foot/shank forward<br />
Slanted lid<br />
Deep chest cavity<br />
8.5" high<br />
Waffled base<br />
Right foot/shank forward<br />
Level lid<br />
Narrow chest cavity<br />
Photo of Frank Chiarenzas<br />
1898 U.S. Glass Co Turkey<br />
1926 Czech Turkey photo by Carol Howell.<br />
I didn't have an example in clear.<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
U.S. Glass Turkey "jam jar"<br />
U.S. Glass<br />
9" high<br />
Waffled base to edge<br />
Right foot/shank forward<br />
Slanted lid<br />
Deep chest cavity<br />
1992-'94 L.G. Wright Turkey<br />
L.G. Wright<br />
8 7/16" high<br />
Waffled base 1/2 way to edge<br />
Right foot/shank forward<br />
Slanted lid<br />
Deep chest cavity<br />
Photo of Frank Chiarenza's<br />
1898 U.S. Glass Co Turkey<br />
Photo of Frank Chiarenza's<br />
1990's L.G Wright Turkey<br />
Central/U.S. Glass<br />
L.G. Wright<br />
Czechoslovakian<br />
Manufacturers had different patterns placed under tailfeathers.<br />
Illustrations from Glass Col. Digest Vol VIII #3, 1994 by Frank Chiarenza<br />
<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.S. gLASS Co. TURKEY "jam jar"<br />
Note the waffle patterns on each<br />
Clear Turkey photos are<br />
courtesy of Michael Joyce<br />
US. Glass L.G. Wright<br />
Glass Collector's Digest Vol VIII No. 3<br />
ID Large Turkey Jam Jars pg.57<br />
by Frank Chiarenza<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.S. gLASS Co. TURKEY "jam jar"<br />
U.S. Glass Turkey originally from the collection of Frank Chiarenza.<br />
Chiarenza had the best example of this Turkey in crystal decorated.<br />
LE Smith, photo by Terry Bodes<br />
LE Smith, photos by Denise Brouillette<br />
L.E. Smith Glass Company also produced painted crystal turkeys.<br />
They were well done but only stand at a height of 7.25"<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
u.S. gLASS Co. TURKEY "jam jar"<br />
U.S Glass Turkey photo by Christine Browning<br />
Back side of U.S. Glass Turkey<br />
Photo by Michael Joyce<br />
© Glass Animal Covered Dishes by Jennifer Patton
united states glass company<br />
BIBLIOGRAPHY: U.S. Glass Company:<br />
Book: Glass Hen on nest Covered Dishes Identification & Value Guide<br />
Volume 1 by Shirley Smith, published by Glass Flakes Press, MAGWV,<br />
copyright 2015 Pages 60-61-US <strong>GLASS</strong> CATALOG PAGES, Page 97-RABBIT<br />
TRIPLE ARCHED BASE STIPPLING/FENTON REPRO WAVY<br />
Book: Victorian Glass by Ruth Webb Lee, published by The Ferris Printing<br />
Company, NY, copyright 1944 by Ruth Webb Lee Page 307-SWAN COLOR<br />
Online: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Glass_Company -<br />
RESEARCH / HISTORY/TORNADO<br />
Online: https://www.patternglass.com -HISTORY<br />
Newsletter: Opaque news Vol 29, Issue 3 June 2014 pg 13 US Glass Hens by<br />
Judy Lloyd with reference to Sept 2004 Opaque News-BUNNY COLORS<br />
Correspondence: with collector Frank Sereno. He mentioned seeing a light<br />
Blue Opaque Rabbit with a White Opaque head on triple arched base in the<br />
1990’s for sale with the Hen of same color at an antique shop-RABBIT<br />
COLOR<br />
Book: the Milk Glass Book by Frank Chiarenza & James Slater, published by<br />
Schiffer Publishing Ltd, copyright 1998 by Frank Chiarenza and James<br />
Slater Page 68-LETTER TO FRANCIS PRICE ABOUT FENTON LIKING AND<br />
REPRODUCING TRIPLE ARCHES BASE FOR HIS HEN. Reference to Anne Cook<br />
‘Turkeys and Rabbits’, Glass Collector’s digest Vol IV. No. 2 AUG/SEPT 1990,<br />
Page 68-RABBIT PHOTO<br />
Correspondence: with Sid Lethbridge-SPRING 1900 BUTLER BROTHERS<br />
ASSORTMENT AD / STUDY ON US <strong>GLASS</strong> & CENTRAL <strong>GLASS</strong> TURKEY<br />
Correspondence: with Sid Lethbridge-US <strong>GLASS</strong> CATALOGS<br />
Online: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Glass_Company -<br />
FACTORY A-GP<br />
Study by Sid Lethbridge: https://app.box.com/s/2dwpp9senm6epj3c5o1x -<br />
CENTRAL TURKEY RESEARCH<br />
Book: Glass Collector's Digest Volume VIII Number 3 Oct/Nov 1994<br />
"Identifying Turkey Jam Jars" by Frank Chiarenza -TURKEY FLORAL<br />
PATTERNS<br />
Glass Animal Covered Dishes © Jennifer Patton
united states glass company<br />
BIBLIOGRAPHY: U.S. Glass Company:<br />
Online: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United-Staes-Glass-Company#<br />
-US <strong>GLASS</strong> RESEARCH<br />
Online: https://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia -DUCKS WITH CARDS<br />
Online: https://www.facebook.com, glass groups-DUCKS WITH CARDS<br />
Online: https://tiffinseneca.org/2018/11/12/tiffins-glass-tradition/ -HISTORY<br />
Online: http://opensalts.us/References/GlassCong -RESEARCH<br />
Online: https://en/wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Glass_Company -<br />
RESEARCH<br />
Online: https://www.tiffinglass.org/the-history-of-tiffin-glass -EMPLOYEE<br />
NAMES<br />
Online: https://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia -INVENTORY OF DUCKS<br />
SOLD ONLINE<br />
Book: Victorian Colored Pattern Glass Book 5 U. S. Glass from A<br />
to Z by William Heacock and Fred Bickenheuser-RESEARCH<br />
Online:<br />
http://www.cambridgeglass.org/articles/9396/96crystalball275b.php -<br />
ETCHED <strong>GLASS</strong><br />
Online: http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/27126 - Rhea Mansfield<br />
Knittle's Early American Glass (1927)-HISTORY OF FLINT <strong>GLASS</strong><br />
Thank you for your permissions!<br />
M.A.G.W.V. / Shirley Smith book<br />
Family of Frank Chiarenza<br />
Sid Lethbridge<br />
ALL photo contributors<br />
Glass Animal Covered Dishes © Jennifer Patton