Africa Surveyors May-June issue 2024

May-June 2024 Volume 6 issue no. 33 

Africa Surveyors 

Mapping Water Resources in Africa 

Surveying techniques in drought-prone regions 

Mapping from Above: Photogrammetry Drones 

From Pits to Profits: Open Pit Monitoring Systems 

Charting a Course to Success: Aspiring Marine Surveyors 

In this issue...... 

How RTK GNSS 

Improves 

Agricultural 

Precision.... 

pg 38 

How to Choose the 

Right Equipment 

for Engineering 

Surveys.... 

pg 22 

The Versatility of 

Quantity Surveyors 

in Sustainable 

Construction.... 

pg 40

AVAILABLE NOW 

Survey | Spill Response | Search-and-Rescue | Fire | Security | Offshore Wind | Aquaculture 

Sea Machines’ innovation and advanced technology gives vessel owners an operational advantage. Contact us to 

schedule a live demonstration and learn how Sea Machines can solve your most persistent challenges on the water. 

SEA MACHINES 

Request a live demo at 

sea-machines.com/contact

Current Issue 

In this issue, we look at 

Surveying techniques 

for Mapping Water 

Resources in Africa & 

much more...enjoy the 

issue! 

Contents 

38 

CONTENTS 

14 

REGULARS 

News Briefs 4 

Events 10 

32 

Innovation 12 

Opinion 18 

Safety Tips 36 

Director 

Augustine M. Rang’ondi 

Senior Editor 

& Marketing Lead 

Dorcas Kang’ereha 

Writers 

Harriet Mkhaye 

Irene Joseph 

Claudia Mangi 

COVER STORY 

Mapping Water Resources in Africa: Surveying Techniques 

in Drought-Prone Regions in Africa 

FEATURES 

Charting A Course to Success: The Importance of 

Hydrographic Courses for Aspiring Marine Surveyors 

28 

18 

Sales Executives 

East Africa 

Lydia Kamonya 

Caiser Momanyi 

John Midecha 

Sheilah Ing’ayitsa 

South Africa 

Paul Nyakeri 

Lisa Brown 

Sean Masangwanyi 

Thembisa Ndlovu 

Nigeria 

Imelda Njomboro 

Uche Maxwel 

Published and 

Designed By: 

Josem Trust House, 

3rd Floor, Bunyala 

Road, Upper Hill. 

P.O. Box 52248-00100, 

Nairobi, Kenya. 

Engineering Surveys: How to Choose the Right Equipment 

for Engineering Surveys 

Quantity Survey: The Versatility of Quantity Surveyors in 

Sustainable Construction 

Photogrammetry: How to Choose the Right Drone for Your 

Photogrammetric Needs 

Open Pit Mining: Utilizing Monitoring Systems 

for increased production 

Precision Agriculture: How RTK GNSS Improves Agricultural 

Precision 

ADVERTISER’S INDEX 

Sea Machines....................................................................................................................IFC 

Caroni.................................................................................................................................IBC 

Navvis...............................................................................................................................OBC 

Geoxyz............................................................................................................................pg 10 

Aptella.............................................................................................................................pg 11 

Skilltrade.........................................................................................................................pg 17 

BricsCAD.......................................................................................................................pg 25 

LiDAR USA.....................................................................................................................pg 36 

Evologics........................................................................................................................pg 37 

MacArtney.....................................................................................................................pg 42 

40 

Contact us: 

Tel: +254 113 194 740 

Email: info@africasurveyorsonline.com 

Web: https://africasurveyorsonline.com 

The Editor accepts letter and manuscripts for publication from readers all over the world. Include your name and address as a sign of good faith although you may 

request your name to be withheld from publication. We can reserve the right to edit any material submitted. Send your letters to: info@africaautomotivenews.com 

Disclaimer: 

Nailex Africa Publishing Ltd makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of the contents of its publications, but no warranty is made to such accuracy 

and no responsibility will be borne by the publisher for the consequences of actions based on information so published. Further, opinions expressed 

on interviews are not necessarily shared by Nailex Africa Publishing Ltd. 

www.africasurveyorsonline.com 

May-June issue l 2024 3

NEWS BRIEFS 

TGS Secures Offshore Agreement in Tanzania 

TGS, a global leader in energy data and 

intelligence, has signed an agreement 

with Tanzania’s Petroleum Upstream 

Regulatory Authority (PURA) to manage and 

license the country’s extensive offshore 

subsurface data. This collection includes 2D 

and 3D seismic data covering an area of over 

132,000 square kilometers. 

Tanzania boasts strong play diversity, proven 

through exploration success across much 

of the stratigraphy, from Early Cretaceous 

to Miocene reservoirs. This comprehensive 

dataset, which includes regional seismic and 

well data, will enable detailed interpretations 

of the basin’s evolution and structural history. 

It will help identify hydrocarbon plays and 

allow for prospect-specific analysis and 

mapping of robust trapping configurations. By 

providing critical insights into the maturity 

and distribution of source rocks, this dataset 

will enhance our understanding of the 

region’s oil and gas potential. 

Under this agreement, TGS holds the 

exclusive rights to license all of Tanzania’s 

offshore mainland data on behalf of the 

government. The agreement also grants TGS 

the authority to conduct future acquisition of 

new seismic data and to reprocess existing 

data. Additionally, it includes support for 

upcoming licensing rounds, which are 

anticipated to commence in 2025. 

David Hajovsky, EVP of Multi-Client at TGS, 

commented: “Tanzania remains an attractive 

exploration target with its world-class gas 

fields and excellent sands proven across 

multiple source intervals. By providing 

access to high-quality seismic data ahead 

of potential future licensing activities, TGS 

will empower exploration and production 

companies to evaluate opportunities in this 

under-explored but highly promising region 

of East Africa.” 

DERKS Surveying Solutions aims to transform 

Surveying in Liberia 

DERKS Surveying Solutions (DSS) 

a Liberian-owned company that 

specializes in land surveying and 

material testing plans to promote the use of 

globally accepted coordinate systems and 

conduct soil analysis for construction projects. 

DSS uses cutting-edge technology to provide 

services to various sectors in Liberia. 

The company will work with local agencies 

and organizations to standardize surveying 

processes and contribute to the development 

of the African Geodetic Reference Frame, 

and will ensure adherence to all laws and 

standards to provide top-notch services to 

clients. 

DSS recently held a survey symposium 

with key stakeholders to discuss improving 

surveying practices in Liberia. The company’s 

founder, Solomon Vincent, emphasized the 

importance of collaboration and training in 

advancing the field. 

DSS has invested over half a million dollars 

Map showing TGS seismic data coverage (2D and 3D) offshore 

mainland Tanzania | Image: TGS 

targeted markets include the Government of Liberia (GOL), 

public, private, domestic, and international firms in cadastral, 

land management, agriculture, transportation, mining, utilities, 

and environmental industries | Image: courtesy 

in new equipment to enhance surveying 

practices in Liberia. Vincent, a civil engineer 

with extensive experience, believes in 

empowering young surveyors with advanced 

methods. 

DSS has developed the Liberian Public Land 

Survey System (LIPSS) method to improve 

accuracy and precision in land surveying. This 

system aims to reduce conflicts and provide 

clear legal descriptions for current and future 

surveyors. 

Vincent urges government institutions, civil 

society organizations, and the private sector 

to collaborate with DSS to enhance the 

surveying sector in Liberia. 

Farada Group to Establish 

Drone Manufacturing 

Facility at Konza 

Technopolis in Kenya 

Farada has already gotten all the necessary approvals from the 

Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA)| Image: FARADA 

Farada Group, a polish aerospace 

manufacturer has announced plans to 

establish a new drone manufacturing 

facility at Konza Technopolis in Kenya. This is 

a huge step forward for Kenya and for drone 

technology all across Africa. 

The company has chosen Konza Technopolis 

as the perfect spot for their new facility. 

This shows that Konza Technopolis is 

becoming a hotspot for new and innovative 

technology. The Chairman of Farada Group, 

Adam Cudny, said, “We want to set up a 

drone manufacturing company here at Konza 

Technopolis for Kenya and all of Africa.” They 

will also have a special area just for drones to 

be put together and used. 

Farada has already gotten all the necessary 

approvals from the Kenya Civil Aviation 

Authority (KCAA). This means they are all set 

to start their operations smoothly. Cudny said, 

“We have all the approvals we need and have 

set up a local company to make this project 

happen.” 

Farada’s drones can be used for lots of 

different things. They can help with watching 

wildlife, checking on buildings and roads, 

keeping an eye on disasters, and even 

delivering important things like medicine. 

This flexibility is important for meeting the 

many different needs of Africa. 

Farada is also committed to helping out local 

communities. The Chief Operating Officer, 

Joanna Rutkowski, mentioned a promise they 

made during a visit by Poland’s President to 

Kenya. They gave Kenya Wildlife Services a 

drone to help keep an eye on the national 

parks. 

4 May-June issue l 2024 www.africasurveyorsonline.com

NEWS BRIEFS 

The Rise of Drones in 

South Africa for Precision 

Farming 

Drones play a crucial role in precision farming by providing 

farmers with important information on their crops through data 

and topography analytics | Image: courtesy 

Farmers and operations in South Africa’s 

agricultural sector are increasingly 

using drones for “precision farming.” 

This technique involves analyzing various 

factors to determine the correct inputs for 

maximum outcome. According to drone expert 

Kopano Tholo, farmers worldwide are facing 

pressure to improve resource management 

efficiency due to tough economic conditions. 

Precision farming focuses on doing the right 

thing in the right place at the right time 

with the right amount. This approach leads 

to higher profitability, better sustainability, 

and increased productivity while saving 

time. Drones play a crucial role in precision 

farming by providing farmers with important 

information on their crops through data and 

topography analytics. 

Drones are used for various tasks in 

precision farming, such as soil sampling, 

crop field analysis, planting, and pesticide 

application. They can be combined with 

imaging technologies to provide farmers with 

specific information about crop health, fungal 

infections, and growth issues. 

In South Africa, drones are increasingly used 

for functions like spraying pesticides, which 

was traditionally done by fixed-wing planes, 

microlights, or helicopters. Drones are more 

efficient for this task as they can get closer to 

crops, enabling precise pesticide application 

and covering almost 100% of field areas. 

The drone market in South Africa has grown 

significantly in recent years, with the country 

being the biggest user of drone technology on 

the continent. The market for small drones is 

expected to reach R2.5 billion by 2025, with 

an annual growth rate of 22.35% between 

2020 and 2025. 

Kinetiko Energy Fueling Progress in South Africa 

Kinetiko Energy Ltd is on a 

mission to develop an energy 

transition solution for South 

Africa by commercializing advanced 

shallow conventional gas projects 

in the Mpumalanga Province. The 

company’s recent results from 

onshore gas exploration and 

production development activities 

have shown promising signs of 

massive gas-laden fairways across 

their exploration rights. 

One of the highlights of their exploration 

success is the completion of core hole 

270-12C, which started on April 13, 2024. 

This core hole managed to intersect strong 

gassy geology and multiple zones, revealing 

significant gas shows from targeted deeper 

carbonaceous geology. The hole was drilled 

to a depth of 742.9 meters, making it one of 

the deepest drilled by the company. 

After completing wireline logging in core 

hole 270-12C, Kinetiko Energy Ltd found gas 

effect in sandstones between 510 meters 

and 742 meters. The company believes that 

the added depth of the gassy zones will 

increase the pressure and volume of gas flow 

in future production well testing. 

The exploration journey continues with the 

spudding of core well 270-11C on June 7, 

2024. This marks the successful conclusion of 

the regulator-required work program in Block 

ER270. The company’s focus will now shift to 

the five appraisal production wells expected 

to be commenced within the next 4-6 weeks. 

Tunisia to Pilot GIS Mapping for Public Health 

Tunisia has expressed interest in 

implementing Geographic Information 

System (GIS) mapping for laboratory 

functions among North African countries. 

This initiative aims to create detailed visual 

representations of laboratory capacities and 

capabilities across the country. 

The candidacy emerged during Africa CDC’s 

first meeting on GIS mapping for public 

health with seven North African countries, 

which included Algeria, Tunisia, Saharawi, 

Libya, Morocco, and Mauritania, held from 

26-28 June. 

“The training focused on understanding GIS 

mapping in North Africa, experiences with 

its implementation, and the advancement 

level of various GIS initiatives in the region,” 

said Dr. Aytenew Ashenafi Eshete, Programme 

Manager, Laboratory Networks and Systems at 

Africa CDC. 

Geospatial mapping of laboratory functions 

and capacity has proven to be an effective 

tool for identifying critical gaps, planning 

Kinetiko Energy Project & Infrastructure Map| Image: Kinetiko Energy Ltd 

This initiative aims to evaluate laboratory capacities throughout 

Africa using GIS mapping to address existing gaps | Image: 

courtesy 

improvements, optimizing laboratory 

networks, and establishing robust specimen 

referral systems. This initiative aims to 

evaluate laboratory capacities throughout 

Africa using GIS mapping to address existing 

gaps. The LabMap Project aligns with Africa 

CDC’s strategic priority of enhancing the 

resilience and responsiveness of laboratory 

networks to health threats. It also supports 

the WHO AFRO Regional Strategy for Health 

Security and Emergencies, which emphasizes 

evidence-based planning for capacitybuilding 

interventions in the healthcare 

system. 



INTERNATIONAL 

King Abdulaziz University Opens Doors for Female Students in Maritime Sector 

King Abdulaziz University has announced 

that, they are now allowing women to 

study maritime subjects for the first 

time ever! This is a huge step forward in line 

with Saudi Vision 2030’s goals. 

The university is creating a special 

department just for female students in the 

College of Maritime Studies. The goal is to 

train Saudi women for new jobs and to do 

more research in this field. This will help the 

maritime industry in Saudi Arabia grow and 

improve. 

Dr. Faisal Al-Thaibani, the Dean of the 

College of Maritime Studies, says this change 

will help more women get involved in the 

maritime industry. This will make things run 

smoother and help the industry last a long 

time. 

The college will offer top-notch education 

and training in maritime surveying and 

transportation. This will help Saudi Arabia 

have skilled workers and help the economy 

grow. 

With a workforce that is knowledgeable, 

competent, and highly trained, Saudi Arabia 

King Abdulaziz University Opens Doors for Female Students in Maritime Sector | Image: courtesy 

will be able to enhance its competitiveness 

in the global market and attract more 

investments in the maritime industry. This, in 

turn, will create more job opportunities for 

its citizens and drive economic growth across 

various sectors. 

Furthermore, investing in education and 

training programs that focus on maritime 

surveying and transportation, Saudi Arabia 

can position itself as a leader in this field 

regionally and internationally. This will 

not only elevate its reputation as a hub 

for maritime activities but also open up 

new avenues for collaboration with other 

countries and organizations. 

Dr. Al-Thaibani also mentioned that Saudi 

Arabia is working hard to get more women 

involved in the maritime industry. This is 

in line with what’s happening around the 

world. More and more women are joining the 

industry, and Saudi Vision 2030 is making 

sure women have a chance to shine in all 

kinds of jobs, including maritime transport. 

Ocean Power Technologies Partners with Unique Group for 

Autonomous Vehicle Services in the Middle East 

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. (NYSE 

American: OPTT) (“OPT” or the 

“Company”), a leader in innovative and 

cost-effective low-carbon marine power, data, 

and service solutions, today announced it 

has partnered with Unique Group (“Unique”), 

a UAE headquartered global innovator in 

subsea technologies and engineering, offering 

multiple products and services to customers 

in a range of industry sectors. Unique has 

more than 600 employees and 20 operational 

bases around the world. Unique Group and 

OPT will collaborate to deploy OPT’s existing 

WAM-V Unmanned Surface Vehicles (“USV”) 

in the UAE and other countries in the Gulf 

Collaboration Council (“GCC”) region. 

Integrating OPT’s commercially available 

vehicles with Unique’s leading position in 

the offshore energy industry in the UAE 

will accelerate the adoption of USVs in the 

region. Unique Group’s knowledge of the local 

industry and footprint in the region enables 

maintenance and services to be carried out 

more efficiently. 

Ocean Power Technologies Partners with Unique Group for Autonomous Vehicle Services in the Middle East| Image: courtesy 

Philipp Stratmann, OPT’s CEO, expressed his 

enthusiasm about this partnership, stating, 

“Working with Unique Group will further 

accelerate our efforts to deploy USVs globally. 

We are very excited about the prospects of 

expanding into the UAE and applaud the 

local industry’s forward thinking in adopting 

autonomous technologies.” 

Jack Dougherty, Global Head of USV at 

Unique Group, added, “Unique Group is 

excited to announce our strategic partnership 

with Ocean Power Technologies (OPT). By 

leveraging our extensive regional experience 

and advanced engineering capabilities, we 

are committed to helping OPT develop a 

GCC-specific WAM-V 22. This next generation 

vessel will be designed to meet the regions 

stringent safety regulations while ensuring 

environmentally conscious and efficient 

operations.” 


INTERNATIONAL 

Eurofins Mechem Pte Ltd Receives Bunker Surveying License 

Eurofins Mechem Pte Ltd a Singapore 

based company and part of Eurofins 

Scientific, receives a license from the 

Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore 

(MPA) to conduct bunker surveys in the port 

of Singapore starting from 1 May 2024. They 

can now measure and sample marine fuel 

and issue bunker survey reports according 

to specific codes. The company have a 

huge international network with over 900 

laboratories in 62 countries and more than 

62,000 staff. 

The company’s team of experienced surveyors 

and experts are crucial in this achievement. 

They provide accurate and reliable survey 

results to help clients make sure their 

vessels follow international regulations and 

standards. 

Eurofins Mechem Pte Ltd Receives Bunker Surveying License | Image: courtesy 

Eurofins Mechem Pte Ltd is dedicated to 

offering responsive, efficient, and costeffective 

services to meet their clients’ needs. 

They are honored to serve the maritime 

community in Singapore and are excited 

to continue ensuring safety, quality, and 

efficiency in the bunkering industry. 

The company is not stopping here. They are 

committed to maintaining high standards 

of professionalism and integrity while 

providing the best service to their clients. 

Eurofins Mechem Pte Ltd is looking forward 

to growing and evolving as a company, always 

aiming to exceed expectations and deliver 

exceptional results. 

Skyfront Launches Skyfront MagniPhy Drone Magnetometer Solution 

Skyfront, a company known for its highendurance 

hybrid drones, has recently 

released the Skyfront MagniPhy, a 

new drone magnetometer solution. This 

drone is designed for a variety of uses, such 

as surveying, mineral prospecting, detecting 

orphaned wellheads, and finding landmines 

and unexploded ordnance (UXO). 

The Skyfront MagniPhy comes with a 

new enclosure and universal attachment 

mechanism that improve data quality, 

efficiency, and safety. It is compatible with 

different magnetometer sensors and a wide 

range of drones, making it versatile for 

various applications. The system is developed 

in partnership with Geometrics, the creator of 

the MagArrow II UAS-enabled magnetometer. 

Current users of the MagArrow and operators 

of other drone magnetometers can have their 

equipment upgraded with the MagniPhy 

system by Skyfront. This service offers a 

quick turnaround, or operators can choose a 

self-service kit for retrofitting. New customers 

looking to locate underground objects can 

also benefit from this technology. 

The Skyfront MagniPhy offers significantly 

improved data quality and better detection of 

underground objects. Its sturdy attachment 

ensures a stable magnetometer heading 

during flight, while its distance from 

the drone reduces magnetic noise. The 

aerodynamic design enhances performance 

in high winds by minimizing instrument 

motion and associated noise. The system’s 

portability and quick-connect feature 

improve operational efficiency, and it boasts 

approximately 8 hours of battery life with 

swappable batteries. 

Skyfront also offers high-endurance hybrid 

gas-electric multicopter drones with flight 

times exceeding 5 hours. These drones are 

used worldwide for various applications, such 

as locating abandoned oil and gas wellheads 

and detecting landmines and UXO. 

According to the company, Skyfront’s solution 

revolutionizes magnetic surveying capabilities 

and reduces field time from weeks to days. 

Jeff Cozart, Founder and CEO of Juniper 

Unmanned, expressed excitement about using 

The Skyfront MagniPhy comes with a new enclosure and 

universal attachment mechanism that improve data quality, 

efficiency, and safety | Image: Skyfront 

Skyfront’s drone magnetometer for producing 

accurate maps of buried infrastructure. Troy 

Mestler, CEO of Skyfront, is thrilled to advance 

the defense and geophysical services markets 

with the Skyfront MagniPhy integrated into 

their Perimeter line of drones. 



EVENTS 

SEG and AAPG to host their 4th annual 

International Meeting for Applied 

Geoscience and Energy (IMAGE) 

IMAGE was designed by industry professionals as the place for 

geoscientists, energy professionals, and thought leaders to meet and 

shape the future of applied geosciences and energy. It provides an 

influential platform for sharing best practices, discovering solutions, 

and developing new perspectives and strategies to challenge and plan 

for what’s ahead. 

The Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) and the American 

Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG), in conjunction with 

the Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM), are set to host the 

fourth annual International Meeting for Applied Geoscience & Energy 

(IMAGE) to be held 26–29 August 2024 in Houston, Texas, USA. 

In 2021, IMAGE was designed by industry professionals as the place 

for geoscientists, energy professionals, and thought leaders to meet 

and shape the future of applied geosciences and energy. It provides an 

influential platform for sharing best practices, discovering solutions, 

and developing new perspectives and strategies to challenge and plan 

for what’s ahead. 

With year-on-year growth coming out of 2023, IMAGE witnessed 

a 44% increase in technical content, 39% increase in corporate 

registrations, 23% increase in overall attendance, and 10% increase 

in exhibition. IMAGE is by far the fastest growing and one of the most 

important events in our profession today. 

Building upon this great success, the 2024 technical program will be 

the largest to date featuring 1,240 technical presentations in 315 

diverse sessions encompassing an extensive array of foundational and 

emerging geology and geophysics topics. 

This year’s meeting will kick off with an Executive Panel at the 

Opening Session addressing global energy’s expected challenges over 

the next 10 years. Panelists include Liz Schwarze of Chevron, Kevin 

McLachlan of TotalEnergy, Tracey Henderson of Apache, John Ardill of 

ExxonMobil, and Muhamed Redhani of Petronas. 


African Drones taking flight in Kenya 

EVENTS 

From Left to Right - German Drones CEO -, Chief Guest - Senator Tabitha Mutinda Munene, Konza Technopolis CEO - John Paul Okwiri and German Drones representative go through how the 

Phantom 4 Multispectral Drone during the recent Elevate Africa Summit 2024 held at the Argyle Hotel, Mombasa Road. | Image: courtesy 

The Elevate Africa UAS Summit 2024 

African drones are about to become a big deal, and Kenya is 

leading the way in this drone revolution. The global market 

for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) is expected to reach 

$43 billion by next year. The Elevate Africa UAS Summit 2024 brought 

together local and international industry players, next-generation 

drone pilots, and enthusiasts to talk about where drone technology is 

headed in Africa. 

The Summit 

The groundbreaking event, the first of its kind, was organized by Kenya 

Flying Labs, Africa Drone Forum, and Pravesh Global in partnership 

with KONZA Technopolis and the Kenya Civil Aviation. Over 500 

participants from 21 countries, including Uganda, Rwanda, South 

Africa, and Nigeria, attended the summit to explore the diverse and 

dynamic drone landscape of the continent. 

Key Discussions 

The summit focused on how drones can transform sectors like 

agriculture, healthcare, and logistics. Experts from the KCAA, industry 

leaders, and government officials shared their thoughts on drone 

regulation and technology in Africa. A special Women in Drones panel 

highlighted the importance of gender equality and the crucial role 

women play in advancing drone technology in Africa. 

On the second day of the summit at Konza Technopolis, over 150 

students from Kenyatta University, Alliance High School, and East 

Africa School of Aviation took part in a Drone Zone workshop. These 

young attendees asked meaningful questions and brought a fresh 


perspective to the conference. 

The Future of Drones in Africa 

Kenya is at the forefront of the drone ecosystem, with the KCAA 

playing a key role in ensuring safety and regulatory compliance. The 

UAS market is growing rapidly worldwide, and Africa, especially Kenya, 

is ready to embrace these new technologies. 

Impact of Drones 

Drones are making a big difference in Africa, from delivering medical 

supplies to remote areas to improving agricultural productivity. They 

are also helping with wildlife protection, mapping, and surveying. In 

agriculture, drones are revolutionizing precision farming, increasing 

yields, and reducing costs. 

Looking Ahead 

The African Drone Forum is a network of drone professionals on 

the continent, showcasing the innovative and empowering drone 

ecosystems in Africa. Konza Technopolis is leading the way in drone 

technology, hosting live drone flying demos to demonstrate the 

practical applications of drones. 

The 2024 Elevate Africa UAS Summit was a success, thanks to 

sponsors and exhibitors who supported the event. Despite challenges 

like protests, the summit highlighted Kenya’s leadership in the drone 

industry and its commitment to innovation and diversity. 


GEOxyz, pushing boundaries for safe remote operations. 

With a stellar reputation built on excellence and 

innovation, GEOxyz offers an extensive array of 

survey services tailored to meet your specific 

needs, all while keeping a sharp focus on 

integrating the latest technologies. 

With a steadfast dedication to staying ahead of the 

curve, GEOxyz owns a diverse fleet of Unmanned 

Surface Vehicles (USVs) renowned for their 

remarkable autonomy. These USVs can be expertly 

controlled from remote control centers worldwide, 

either aboard of a mother vessel or from our offices 

onshore, making data acquisition not only safer but 

also more environmentally friendly and efficient. 

In the ever-evolving landscape of maritime 

regulations, GEOxyz is resolutely dedicated to 

adherance and safety. GEOxyz has recently 

achieved the MCA Workboat certification for its 

Unmanned Survey Vessel “Geodrone 6800”. 

(ref. 2nd edition of The Safety of Small Workboats and 

Pilot Boats – A Code of Practice, published by the 

Maritime and Coastguard Agency of the Department of 

Transport.) 

In a world where precision, efficiency, and 

compliance are paramount, GEOxyz stands as the 

beacon of uncompromising data quality. Using a 

secure SD WAN solution, connecting all their 

offshore and nearshore vessels, USVs and remote 

control rooms; data acquisition, data processing and 

remote steering can be safely performed from our 

offices worldwide. 

Offering a comprehensive suite of remote survey 

services and an unwavering commitment to 

technological advancement, GEOxyz is your trusted 

partner in achieving all your survey objectives. 

Partner up with GEOxyz today 

www.geoxyz.eu 


MAGNET CONFERENCE 

GET SET FOR VERSION 9! 

15th – 16th August 

Parliament House, Sydney 

BOOK YOUR 

TICKET HERE 

Learn more and get 

in touch today 

aptella.com 



HYDROGRAPHY 

MOWCA SG Calls for Collaboration 

with Training Institutes in Hydrography 

Dr. Paul Adalikwu, the Secretary General 

of the Maritime Organisation of 

West and Central Africa (MOWCA), 

is pushing for more involvement from the 

Regional Maritime University in Accra and the 

Regional Maritime Academy of Sciences and 

Technologies of the Sea (ARSTM) in Abidjan 

to conduct hydrographic surveys in MOWCA 

member nations. 

The Importance of Hydrographic Surveys 

Speaking at the 18th conference of the East 

Atlantic Hydrographic Commission (EAtHC) in 

Casablanca, Kingdom of Morocco, Dr. Adalikwu 

stresses the significance of supporting these 

two MOWCA training institutions in carrying 

out hydrographic surveys. The goal is to 

improve safety for ships and protect the 

marine environment in West and Central 

Africa. 

Enhancing Training Programs 

Dr. Adalikwu believes that both institutions 

have the capacity to host seminars and 

develop hydrography programs for marine 

engineers. This idea aligns with the 

International Hydrographic Organisation’s 

(IHO) efforts to create centers of excellence in 

hydrographic training. 

Collaboration and Commitment 

During discussions at the conference, Dr. 

Adalikwu collaborates with Dr. John Nyberg 

of the IHO and senior officials of EAtHC. They 

agree that a team from EAtHC will visit the 

Regional Maritime University and ARSTM 

to assess the feasibility of implementing a 

hydrography program for engineers. 

Dr. Paul Adalikwu, (l) the Secretary General of the Maritime Organisation of West and Central Africa (MOWCA), advocates for heightened involvement of 

the Regional Maritime University in Accra and the Regional Maritime Academy of Sciences and Technologies of the Sea (ARSTM) in Abidjan in conducting 

hydrographic surveys across MOWCA member nations | Image: courtesy 

Future Plans 

After productive discussions, MOWCA and 

EAtHC commit to staying in touch and 

planning assessment visits in the future. They 

also plan to invite the IHO to the 19th session 

of the MOWCA General Assembly in late 

2025 to educate ministers on the benefits of 

including hydrography in maritime programs. 

The Role of EAtHC 

The EAtHC, operating under the IHO, plays 

a crucial role in coordinating hydrography 

and cartography activities for navigation 

safety and environmental protection along 

the coastal regions from France to Angola, 

covering the territories of MOWCA member 

states. 

Advantages of MOWCA Institutions 

Dr. Adalikwu points out that MOWCA maritime 

training institutions are well-equipped for 

such programs, with facilities, qualified 

lecturers, potential partnerships with 

international universities, and support from 

hydrography agencies in Ghana and Cote 

d’Ivoire. 


HYDROGRAPHY 

The Importance of Hydrography in 

Nigeria’s Maritime Environment 

FG Vows to 

Prioritize Survey 

Technology 

Investments, 

Navys Commits 

to Protecting 

Blue Economy 

Image: courtesy 

The government is investing in new 

technology to improve the nation’s 

hydrographic capacity. This will help 

make the maritime environment safer and 

more prosperous. 

World Hydrography Day 

The Minister of Defence, Mohammed 

Abubakar, talked about the importance of 

hydrography on World Hydrography Day. 

Investing in hydrographic surveys and 

research, Nigeria can better protect their 

coastlines, preserve marine biodiversity, 

and ensure the sustainable use of marine 

resources for future generations. 

Nigeria Navy also recognized the critical 

role that hydrographers play in safeguarding 

our oceans and waterways. Their work not 

only supports economic growth and national 

security but also contributes to global efforts 

to address climate change and protect our 

planet’s precious marine environments. 

National Hydrographic Agency (NHA) 

The NHA is working to improve Nigeria’s 

maritime operations. Optimizing shipping 

routes and improving port management, they 

can reduce costs and create new economic 

opportunities. Streamlining processes 

and implementing modern technology, 

the NHA aims to enhance efficiency and 

competitiveness in Nigeria’s maritime sector. 

This will not only reduce transportation costs 

and increasing trade volumes, but also attract 

foreign investment and boost the country’s 

overall economic growth. Additionally, 

improved port management will help reduce 

congestion and delays, making Nigeria a 

more attractive destination for international 

shipping companies. The NHA’s efforts to 

improve maritime operations have the 

potential to transform Nigeria into a major 

player in global trade and commerce. 

Vice Admiral Ogalla emphasized the 

importance of accurate hydrographic data 

in ensuring safe navigation, protecting 

marine resources, and supporting economic 

development. He stressed that by investing 

in hydrography, the maritime sector 

can contribute significantly to poverty 

alleviation and sustainable growth in coastal 

communities. The Chief of Navy Staff also 

expressed his commitment to working closely 

with stakeholders to further enhance Nigeria’s 

hydrographic capabilities and promote a 

thriving maritime industry. 

Expectations for the Agency 

Investing in the Agency’s capabilities and 

resources, Nigeria can become more selfsufficient 

in hydrographic data collection 

and analysis. This will save money in the 

long run and also ensure that the country 

has accurate and up-to-date information for 

maritime navigation, resource management, 

and disaster response. Additionally, improving 

the quality of surveys and resolving charting 

issues, the Agency can enhance safety at sea 

and promote sustainable development along 

Nigeria’s coastlines. 

A well-equipped and efficient hydrographic 

agency will benefit both the government and 

private sectors by providing reliable data for 

decision-making and planning. 

Hydrographer of the Federation’s 

Commitment 

The Hydrographer of the Federation, Rear 

Admiral AO Olugbode, is committed to using 

advanced technology and collaboration to 

produce high-quality hydrographic data. This 

data is essential for the success of Nigeria’s 

maritime activities. 

Utilizing advanced technology such as 

satellite imagery, sonar systems, and 

unmanned underwater vehicles, the 

Hydrographer of the Federation is able to 

accurately map Nigeria’s coastal waters 

and provide crucial information for safe 

navigation, resource exploration, and 

environmental protection. 

Through collaboration with international 

partners and stakeholders, the hydrographic 

data produced is not only reliable but also 

up-to-date, ensuring that Nigeria remains at 

the forefront of maritime development in the 

region. 



HYDROGRAPHIC TRAINING 

CHARTING A COURSE TO SUCCESS 

The importance of hydrographic courses 

for aspiring marine surveyors 

Hydrographic courses play a vital role 

in shaping the skills and knowledge 

of aspiring marine surveyors, 

equipping them with the necessary expertise 

to navigate the complex waters of the marine 

industry. Through hands-on training and 

practical experience, hydrographic courses 

not only teach students how to collect and 

analyze data accurately but also instill in 

them the critical thinking and problem 

solving skills necessary to tackle real world 

challenges in marine surveying. 

From charting navigation routes, mapping the 

seafloor to uncovering mysteries beneath the 

waves, hydrography training gives aspiring 

marine surveyors an opportunity to gain 

a deep understanding of data collection 

techniques, survey methodologies, and the 

utilization of cutting-edge technologies. 

“Getting a good education is essential for 

a young future surveyor,” heightened Capt. 

Axel Annaert Coordinator Institute for 

Hydrography (Antwerp Maritime Academy 

and University of Gent, Belgium). “Preferably 

a course approved by the IBSC board of IHO. 

These courses are tested against the essential 

components required for a complete training,” 

he emphasized. “When a young surveyor can 

present a certificate from such training, a 

potential employer knows that the candidate 

has solid knowledge that he/she can then 

put into practice. Thanks to such a course, 

the employer does not have to provide its 

own general training. In that case, the young 

surveyor already has the necessary basic 

knowledge and can start work immediately, 

whether or not accompanied by a senior 

surveyor,” accolades Capt. Annaert. 

Proper Training in the Field 

Just like you wouldn’t want a clueless 

detective on a case, aspiring marine 

surveyors need the right training to navigate 

the complexities of hydrography. Proper 

education ensures they can read the ocean 



and every data point you collect must be 

accurate. 

“Hydrographic courses provide a thorough 

grounding in essential subjects such as 

underwater acoustics, bathymetric systems, 

GNSS operations, and positioning. These skills 

are foundational for accurate and effective 

marine surveying,” assures Johan Stam, 

Managing Director at Skilltrade BV. 

Johan Stam, Managing Director at Skilltrade BV. 

and make informed decisions for the marine 

operations. Nautical charts guide sailors 

through the deep blue. In hydrographic 

courses, students learn how to decipher 

these charts and create accurate maps to aid 

maritime navigation and exploration. 

Additionally, navigating the open waters 

presents unique challenges that require 

adherence to a set of established traffic rules 

and safety protocols. Understanding and 

adhering to these regulations is paramount 

for ensuring the safe passage of vessels and 

the protection of lives at sea. 

“In our training, additional attention is given 

to traffic rules at sea and safety on board 

ships. Students receive the safety training 

before they leave on an internship so that 

they also have the necessary basic knowledge 

in case of unforeseen circumstances,” adds 

Capt. Annaert. 

Key Skills Developed in 

Hydrographic Training 

Hydrographic training dives deep into 

honing your skills in gathering and analyzing 

oceanic data. As a hydrographic surveyor, 

you will develop a keen eye for detail and 

precision. As an essential component of 

marine surveying, hydrographic training 

covers a range of disciplines, from practical 

surveying techniques to data analysis and 

interpretation, every measurement you take 

Hydrography training session | Image: Skilltrade 

Hydrographic Training Practicals 

Hydrographic training practicals provide a 

unique opportunity for individuals to bridge 

the gap between theoretical learning and 

practical application in the field. Participating 

in field surveys and data collection exercises, 

trainees can refine their observational, 

analytical, and problem-solving skills. 

Practical experience is invaluable in building 

confidence and proficiency in hydrographic 

techniques. 

“In addition to theoretical content, most 

of these courses include a compulsory 

practical part where the trainee is also given 

practical knowledge. This may take the form 

of internships at companies or an adapted 

practical session during the training. During 

this practical session, the student will operate 

the necessary equipment by themselves so 

that they get an insight into the possibilities 

and limitations of the equipment,” says Capt. 

Annaert. 

While theoretical knowledge provides 

the foundation, hands-on training allows 

individuals to apply concepts in real-world 

scenarios. Practical training helps students 

understand the challenges and complexities 

of hydrographic work, preparing them for a 

successful career in the field. 

“These courses blend theoretical knowledge 

with practical application. For instance, the 

Skilltrade Hydrographic Survey Category B 

Course includes both E-learning modules and 

supervised practical training, ensuring that 

students can apply theoretical knowledge in 

real-world scenarios,” says Stam. 

Roles of Marine Surveyors in 

Various Sectors 

Hydrographic graduates have the opportunity 

to work in diverse sectors such as offshore 

energy, environmental monitoring, navigation, 

and underwater archaeology. As marine 

surveyors, they play crucial roles in mapping 

Capt. Axel Annaert Coordinator Institute for Hydrography 

(Antwerp Maritime Academy and University of Gent, Belgium). 

the seafloor, assessing underwater structures, 

and ensuring maritime safety. The job market 

for hydrographic graduates is promising, 

with increasing demand for skilled marine 

surveyors globally. 

Accreditation and Certification in 

Marine Surveying 

Several institutions offer accredited 

hydrographic courses that provide students 

with the necessary skills and knowledge 

to excel in marine surveying. Professional 

certification in marine surveying is essential 

for career advancement and credibility within 

the industry. Obtaining certifications like 

Certified Hydrographer (CH) or Registered 

Marine Surveyor (RMS) demonstrates a 

commitment to excellence and can open up 

new opportunities for hydrographic graduates. 

“The modules prepare students for 

professional assessments by covering 

competencies required for certification. This 

preparation is crucial for career advancement 

and obtaining professional credentials in 

hydrography,” affirms Stam. 

International Standards and 

Competence 

The International Hydrographic Organization 

(IHO) sets the standards. These guidelines 

ensure that surveyors around the globe 

are on the same page when it comes to 

collecting, processing, and presenting 

hydrographic data. Prioritizing compliance 

with environmental and safety regulations in 

marine surveying, ensures the accuracy and 

reliability of the data and also contribute to 

the protection of marine ecosystems and the 

safety of all involved. It is a responsibility that 

cannot be taken lightly, as the consequences 

of negligence can be far reaching and 

detrimental. 

“The courses align with international 




standards, such as the FIG/IHO/ICA Standards 

of Competence for Hydrographic Surveyors. 

This ensures that the training meets global 

benchmarks, enhancing the credibility and 

recognition of the qualifications obtained,” 

says Stam. 

Further Education and 

Professional Development 

Once you’ve completed your hydrographic 

courses, it doesn’t mean the learning stops 

there. In fact, the world of marine surveying 

is constantly evolving, and there are plenty 

of opportunities for further education and 

professional development. Whether you’re 

interested in specialized training or pursuing 

advanced degrees, there’s always room 

to grow and expand your horizons in this 

exciting field. 

As Stam encourages, “The courses are 

designed not only for initial training 

but also for continuous professional 

development. They include advanced topics 

and self-assessment components, enabling 

professionals to keep their knowledge and 

skills up to date.” 

Perfecting your essential skills, embracing 

new tools and technologies, and staying 

compliant with industry regulations, 

aspiring marine surveyors can embark 

on a fulfilling career path full of exciting 

opportunities. Whether working on charting 

uncharted waters or contributing to marine 

conservation efforts, the field of hydrographic 

surveying continues to be vital in shaping 

our understanding and management of the 

world’s oceans and waterways. 

Advancements in Hydrographic 

Education 

The field of hydrography is evolving with 

advancements in technology, including the 

integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and 

machine learning algorithms. These tools help 

streamline data processing, improve accuracy 

in survey results, and enhance efficiency in 

marine surveying operations. 

Collaboration and research initiatives in 

hydrography are expanding globally, allowing 

for the sharing of knowledge, best practices, 

and cutting-edge technologies across 

borders. International partnerships and 

research efforts contribute to advancements 

in hydrographic education and support the 

growth of the industry. 

Flexible Learning Options 

“E-learning modules provide flexibility, 

allowing students to learn at their own 

pace and from any location,” says Stam. 

“This flexibility is particularly beneficial for 

professionals who need to balance their 

studies with work commitments. The modules 

can be accessed online or offline, making 

it convenient for learners even in remote 

locations,” he adds. 

“Our training has a minimum number of 

contact hours in a classroom. Most courses 

are on an online platform so students can 

alternate their internship periods with study 

periods. This is also a positive part of their 

education. They learn to schedule their own 

time with study time and internship time,” 

recounts Capt. Annaert. “Thanks to proper 

training, employers can have young surveyors 

who are solidly formed to fulfil their future 

tasks,” he adds. 

Career Pathways and 

Opportunities for Marine 

Surveyors 

Well, you’ve aced your hydrographic courses 

and you’re now ready to for the marine 

surveying world. What exactly can you do 

with all that knowledge? The possibilities 

are endless! From working for government 

agencies to joining private surveying 

companies, there’s no shortage of job roles 

waiting for skilled marine surveyors. 

According to Stam, hydrographic courses are 

indispensable for aspiring marine surveyors 

as they provide a robust educational 

foundation, practical experience, and 

alignment with international standards, all 

of which are critical for a successful career in 

hydrography. 

“Completion of recognized hydrographic 

courses, such as those offered by certified 

training institution, enhances employability 

and opens up a wide range of career 

opportunities in various sectors, including 

maritime navigation, offshore industries, and 

environmental monitoring,” Stam endorses. 

Interactive and Supportive 

Learning Environment 

As Stam advises with regards to mitigating 

the potential isolation of online learning, 

“these courses include interactive elements 

such as email support from experts and 

opportunities to connect with fellow students. 

This support network enhances the learning 

experience and helps address any challenges 

promptly.” 

Trends Shaping the Future of 

Hydrographic Education 

The future of hydrographic courses is 

exciting, with trends pointing towards 

greater integration of technology, increased 

emphasis on data analytics, and a focus 

on sustainability and environmental 

conservation. Hydrographic education is 

adapting to meet the evolving needs of 

the industry and prepare graduates for a 

successful career in marine surveying. 

As technology and industry standards 

evolve, the demand for qualified marine 

surveyors grows, and therefore, continuous 

learning, upskilling, and staying informed 

about industry trends are essential for 

long-term success in the field of marine 

surveying. Through accredited programs, 

practical experience, and a commitment to 

continuous learning, individuals can embark 

on a rewarding career path in hydrography, 

contributing to the sustainable management 

of marine resources and the safety of 

maritime navigation for years to come. 

Marine surveying task | Image: Skilltrade 


Skilltrade Hydrographic 

Survey Online Training 

Since 2001 Skilltrade has been sharing 

hydrographic knowledge and experience. 

We started with a two-day Introduction 

to Hydrography course and evolved into 

specific courses like Multibeam echosounder, 

DGPS, RTK, Side Scan Sonar, Sub-bottom 

Profiler and Tides. Hundreds of people have 

been trained on these short courses to date. 

Since 2008 we also offer a full Hydrographic 

Survey Category B curriculum as defined by 

the FIG/IHO/ICA International Advisory Board 

on Standards of Competence for Hydrographic 

Surveyors (IBSC). All theoretical lessons are 

delivered in a practical combination of online 

instructor-led training and guided self-study 

on our e-learning platform. The exams are 

given online with the use of a platform for 

online proctoring. After successful completion 

of the exams, the students are welcomed in 

the Netherlands for 6 weeks workshops and 

completion of their Comprehensive Final 

Field Project, all in line with IBSC regulations. 

Subjects from our Cat B course can also be 

followed independently, like our short courses, 

to demonstrate an ongoing commitment to 

Continuing Professional Development (CPD), 

necessary to obtain or retain hydrographic 

certification. 

Skilltrade offers various short courses, including 

our two day Introduction to Hydrography that 

we run several times a year. On request for a 

quotation these courses can be adjusted to 

specific training requirements and be given at 

any desired location (in-class or online). 

E-learning modules: Underwater Acoustics, 

Bathymetric Systems, Land Surveying, 

Coordinate Reference Systems (Geodesy), GNSS 

operations and Positioning. 

Handbook of 

Offshore Surveying 

The series Handbook of Offshore 

Surveying Volume I, II and III is an 

encompassing series that is unmissable 

for the modern day hydrographer. 

This complete set of books should be 

on the desks of every hydrographic 

survey company and the professionals 

working for them, while it can be used 

as reference book for daily practice in 

offshore surveying in the fields of projects, 

preparation & processing, positioning & 

tides and acquisition sensors. 

Please visit www.skilltrade.nl/bookstore 

for further information or to purchase 

them on-line. 

Price: € 242,- per 3 volume set 

(excluding shipping). 

Interested? 

Visit our website 

www.skilltrade.nl 

or contact us at 

office@skilltrade.nl

MAPPING WATER RESOURCES 

Mapping Water 

Resources in Africa 

Surveying techniques in 

drought-prone regions of Africa 

By Dorcas Kang’ereha 

Access to reliable water sources is often a challenge especially in drought-prone 

regions of Africa. Clean and reliable water sources are essential for the health and 

well-being of communities across the continent. However, Africa, despite its rich 

natural water resources, faces significant challenges with water scarcity. 

Water resource mapping involves the collection and analysis of data on the location, 

quantity, quality, and availability of water sources in a given area. This information is 

vital for understanding the distribution of water resources and developing strategies to 

address water scarcity challenges. Mapping out water sources, stakeholders can prioritize 

areas for intervention and allocate resources effectively to improve water access and 

resilience in drought-prone regions in Africa. 

Techniques for Water Resource Mapping 

Remote Sensing Technologies for Water Resource Assessment 

Remote sensing technologies, such as satellite imagery and LiDAR technology provide 

valuable insights into the availability and quality of water sources. Satellite technology 

enables the tracking of changes in water availability, distribution, and quality over time. 

LiDAR technology, on the other hand, provides high-precision data for mapping water 

sources in drought-prone regions. Combining the capabilities of satellite technology and 

LiDAR, a comprehensive understanding of water resources can be assessed and effectively 

collaborate towards sustainable water management, ensuring water security for all. 






Ground-based Surveying Techniques 

Valuable on-the-ground data can be obtained through groundwater 

measurements and field surveys for mapping water resources. These 

techniques help in assessing groundwater levels, flow rates, and 

quality, essential for understanding the hydrological dynamics in 

the region. This information is vital for making informed decisions 

regarding water resource management and conservation efforts. 

Topographical Surveys for Water Resource Characterization 

Mapping the terrain and identifying natural features like rivers, lakes, 

and aquifers, topographical surveys contribute to a comprehensive 

understanding of the water landscape. These valuable data that can 

be inputted into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for a more 

accurate mapping and modeling of the water resources for effective 

planning. 

Integration of Data for Comprehensive Mapping 

Integrating data from various sources is essential for creating 

comprehensive water resource maps that capture the full picture of 

water availability and usage. Data fusion, analysis techniques, and 

visualization tools aid in interpreting mapping results effectively. 

Data fusion involves combining information from different sources, 

such as remote sensing data, ground surveys, and hydrological 

models, to create a holistic view of water resources. Advanced 

analysis techniques help in processing large datasets and extracting 

meaningful insights for water resource mapping. 

Visualizing mapping results through interactive maps, charts, and 

graphs makes complex data more accessible and understandable. 

Interpreting mapping results effectively, stakeholders can make 

informed decisions regarding water resource management strategies 

and adaptation to drought conditions. 

Challenges and Considerations in Mapping 

Water Resources 

Africa is no stranger to droughts, with many regions facing recurring 

water scarcity issues. Understanding the unique challenges posed by 

drought in Africa is key to developing targeted strategies for mapping 

and managing water resources effectively. 

Issues with Data Availability and Accessibility 

One major hurdle of mapping water resources in drought-prone 

regions in Africa is the limited availability and accessibility of 

reliable data. This includes factors such as inconsistent monitoring 

systems, outdated information, and difficulties in data sharing 

between different stakeholders. Additionally, insufficient funding, 

and technological constraints pose another obstacle that needs to be 

addressed to ensure accurate mapping outcomes. Without accurate 

and up-to-date data, effective water resource management becomes a 

hard nut to crack. Improving monitoring systems, updating information 

regularly, and promoting data sharing among stakeholders, can 

enhance the accuracy and reliability of water resource management 

efforts. 

Environmental and Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Water 

Resource Mapping 

Factors such as climate change, deforestation, population growth, and 

land use changes can significantly impact the availability and quality 

of water resources. Understanding and accounting for these complex 



interactions is key for creating comprehensive and sustainable water 

resource maps in drought-prone areas. Water resource mapping 

is a multidisciplinary field that requires collaboration between 

environmental scientists, hydrologists, geographers, and social 

scientists. Investing in technology and infrastructure to improve 

data collection and sharing mechanisms can help overcome these 

challenges and ensure that water resource mapping efforts are 

successful in addressing the water scarcity issues in Africa. 

Integrating data on environmental and socioeconomic factors, 

researchers can identify vulnerable areas and prioritize resources for 

water conservation and management. Additionally, local knowledge 

and community input is also important for ensuring the sustainability 

and effectiveness of water resource mapping projects. 

Local communities often possess valuable insights into water 

availability, usage patterns, and conservation practices that can 

complement scientific data. Bridging the gap between traditional 

and modern technology, more holistic and culturally sensitive water 

resource maps can be created. 

Emerging Technologies for Enhanced Water 

Resource Mapping 

Water scarcity is a pressing challenge faced by many regions in Africa, 

especially those prone to drought conditions. As technology continues 

to evolve, opportunities abound for enhancing water resource mapping 

efforts in Africa through the adoption of emerging technologies 

and collaborative strategies. The future of water resource mapping 

in drought-prone regions of Africa lies in embracing emerging 

technologies such as artificial intelligence, remote sensing, drone 

technology, and satellite imagery. These innovative tools can provide 

real-time data, improved spatial resolution, and enhanced predictive 

capabilities for mapping water resources. This way we can monitor, 

manage, and conserve water in vulnerable regions. 

As we look towards the future, it is significant to consider the 

importance of community engagement and capacity building in water 

resource management. Fostering partnerships between governments, 

research institutions, NGOs, and local communities, stakeholders can 

leverage collective expertise, resources, and knowledge to develop 

comprehensive and sustainable water mapping strategies that 

benefits all. Empowering local communities with the knowledge and 

tools to monitor and sustainably use water resources can lead to 

more effective and sustainable solutions. Additionally, incorporating 

traditional knowledge and practices alongside modern technologies 

can provide a comprehensive approach to addressing water scarcity 

challenges in Africa. 



FEATURE 

Making the 

Right Choices 

for Precision 

Image: Topcon Positioning Africa and Middle East. 

How to Choose the 

Right Equipment for 

Engineering Surveys 


C 

hoosing the right equipment for 

engineering surveys isn’t just a 

technical necessity, it’s an important 

process in ensuring project success. The 

precision and reliability of your tools can 

significantly impact the accuracy, efficiency, 

and safety of your surveying tasks. Selecting 

the appropriate equipment, engineers can 

mitigate errors, streamline operations, and 

enhance overall project outcomes. 

When embarking on construction and 

infrastructure projects, having a solid 

grasp of engineering surveys is essential. 

These surveys provide the foundational 

data necessary to plan, design, and execute 

projects effectively. Before deciding on the 

equipment, it’s important to nail down what 

you aim to achieve with your engineering 

survey. Are you mapping terrain, inspecting 

structures, or measuring distances? Clarify 

your goals. “If you’re a senior engineer or 

independent surveyor and you’re involved 

in a project, you need surveying equipment. 

However, deciding which models to use can 

be a challenge,” highlight Andrew Caldwell, 

Regional Senior Manager Topcon Positioning 

Africa and Middle East. 

“The type of project you want to undertake 

will also determine which survey equipment 

to use. Currently, the most popular types of 

land surveying tools are 3D scanners, total 

stations and GPS/GNSS. You should always 

seek advice on the specifics of your project as 

to what is the most useful,” he adds. 

Types of Engineering Surveys 

There are several types of engineering 

surveys, each serving a specific purpose 

within the scope of an engineering project. 

Andrew Caldwell, Regional Senior Manager Topcon Positioning 

Africa and Middle East. 

Here’s a look at some of the most common 

types: 

1. Topographic Surveys: These surveys 

map the contours, elevations, and features 

of the land. They are significant for 

understanding the landscape and planning 

construction projects accordingly. Tools like 

total stations, GPS, and drones often assist in 

gathering data for these surveys. 

2. Boundary Surveys: Boundary surveys 

determine the legal property lines and help 

resolve disputes related to land ownership. 

They are vital for ensuring that structures 

are built within the correct legal boundaries. 

These surveys typically involve extensive 

research of historical property records. 

3. Construction Surveys: These surveys 

provide the data necessary for the actual 

building process. They ensure structures are 


uilt according to design specifications and 

verify the placement of key features. This 

includes everything from laying out the initial 

infrastructure to positioning large-scale 

components accurately. 

4. As-Built Surveys: Conducted after the 

construction is completed, as-built surveys 

verify that the completed structure matches 

the design plans. They document any changes 

made during construction, providing a clear 

record for future maintenance or renovations. 

Popular Types of Survey Equipment 

Different types of equipment serve varying 

functions, each with its unique advantages. 

Total Stations 

Total stations are indispensable in modern 

surveying. They combine an electronic 

theodolite with an electronic distance meter, 

allowing surveyors to measure both angles 

and distances with high precision. These 

instruments can perform a wide range 

of tasks, including: Topographic surveys, 

Construction layout, Boundary surveys. Total 

stations are known for their accuracy and 

the ability to provide real-time data. They 

often come equipped with GPS, for greater 

flexibility in various terrains and conditions. 

“Total stations are built with different levels 

of angular accuracy. The high precision 1” is 

generally required for monitoring tasks but 

is not necessary for most site engineers, who 

can use a 5” instrument,” says Caldwell. 

“A total station will also generally give a 

better positional accuracy than a GNSS 

receiver. Having said that, a GNSS receiver 

has the advantage of taking its position 

from satellites, so operators can immediately 

start working in national grid coordinates. 

Be careful when surveying boundaries to 

check that you’re using the right national grid 

because that has changed over the decades 

and may not be the same as it was,” he 

clarifies. 

Additionally, “manual total stations require 

two people to operate - one to hold the prism, 

and one to aim the total station,” outlines 

Caldwell. “But when you’re working with 

a robotic total station, however, the user 

can walk around hands-free, with the total 

station following them robotically, allowing 

the operator to get on with the task at hand. 

Even though some contractors will require 

operators to always work in pairs, lack of 

manual aiming means increased productivity,” 

he explains. 

GPS Surveying Equipment 

GPS technology has transformed the field of 

surveying. The equipment uses satellites to 

provide precise location data, which is key 

for accurate mapping and layout. The key 

advantages of using GPS in surveys include: 

• High accuracy: Suitable for large-scale 

surveys and remote areas. 

• Efficiency: Reduces the time needed for 

data collection. 

• Versatility: Can be used in various 

weather conditions. 

However, GPS equipment also has its 

limitations, such as signal interference in 

dense urban areas or regions with heavy tree 

cover. 

Levels and Theodolites 

Levels and theodolites are traditional survey 

instruments that have stood the test of time. 

They are primarily used for measuring angles 

and elevations. Theodolites provide precise 

angular measurements, making them ideal 

for triangulation networks. Levels are used 

to establish the height of points and ensure 

construction projects are level from start to 

finish. These tools are essential for: Accurate 

angle measurements, Elevation determination 

and Construction alignment 

Laser Scanners 

Laser scanners have become increasingly 

popular in surveying, especially for complex 

and large-scale projects. These devices use 

laser beams to capture detailed 3D images of 

environments quickly. The benefits of using 

laser scanners include: 

• High precision: Captures detailed and 

accurate 3D data. 

• Efficiency: Allows for rapid data 

acquisition. 

• Versatility: Suitable for diverse 

applications, from topographic surveys to 

building inspections. 

Laser scanners also provide unmatched 

detail, making them invaluable for projects 

that require meticulous planning and 

documentation. 

Drones and Aerial Survey Equipment 

Drones have modernized the way surveys are 

conducted by providing aerial perspectives 

that weren’t possible before. They are 

equipped with high-resolution cameras and 

GPS for precise data capture. The capabilities 

of drones in surveys include: 

• Aerial mapping: Captures large areas 

ENGINEERING SURVEYS 

quickly. 

• High-resolution imaging: Provides 

detailed visual data. 

• Accessibility: Reaches hard-to-access 

areas safely. 

Drones are particularly useful in topographic 

surveys, construction projects, and 

environmental monitoring. They save time and 

reduce the risks associated with traditional 

ground surveys. 

Familiarizing yourself with these key types 

of survey equipment, you can make more 

informed decisions about which tools best 

fit your project’s needs. Each tool offers 

unique benefits, and understanding their 

functionalities is the first step toward 

successful survey outcomes. 

Factors to Consider When Selecting 

Engineering Survey Equipment 

Accuracy and Precision Requirements 

Precision is key in engineering surveys. 

Consider how accurate your measurements 

need to be and choose equipment that meets 

those requirements. Investing in high-quality 

equipment and paying attention to precision 

requirements, engineers can avoid potential 

disasters. Whether you require high accuracy 

for construction or rough estimates for initial 

planning, this decision shapes your equipment 

needs. 

“Reliability of the instrument is key, no one 

wants to be working in a remote location and 

the instrument fails for whatever reason. The 

down time costs for the project can far out 

way the saving made by buying a cheaper 

instrument,” asserts Caldwell. 

Spatial Coverage and Range 

From sprawling construction sites to tight 

urban spaces, spatial coverage matters. Pick 

equipment that can cover the area you need 

to survey and has the range to capture all the 

necessary data. When selecting equipment 

for spatial coverage and range, consider 

the specific environment in which you will 

be working. Whether it’s a vast open field 

or a congested city block, the ability of the 

equipment to effectively cover the area is 

crucial for accurate data collection. 

Additionally, ensure that the equipment’s 

range is sufficient to capture all necessary 

data points without compromising accuracy. 

Data Collection and Processing Capabilities 

Look for equipment that can collect data 

efficiently and has the processing power 



ENGINEERING SURVEYS 

to turn raw measurements into actionable 

insights. 

Budgeting and Cost Analysis 

Evaluating the total cost of ownership is 

key. Consider not just the upfront cost, but 

also factors like maintenance, repairs, and 

potential upgrades. Comparing long-term 

value will help ensure you get the best 

value for your money. It is also important to 

consider the potential impact on productivity 

and efficiency. Investing in high-quality 

equipment may result in fewer breakdowns 

and downtime, ultimately saving you money 

in the long run. Additionally, factor in the 

training and support needed to effectively 

utilize the equipment to maximize its value. 

According to Caldwell, the construction 

industry is without doubt a cut throat industry 

where competition is fierce. As a result, 

construction companies are under constant 

pressure to keep costs down as much as 

possible, and one of the most obvious ways 

to do this is by minimizing overheads. “Even 

so, every successful construction company 

appreciates the importance of quality survey 

equipment, and as a result, most are reluctant 

to cut corners in this department,” he notes. 

“Admittedly, the market is awash with cheap 

equipment, but take care not to sacrifice 

effective and productive execution of the task, 

for price,” cautions Caldwell. “The inevitable 

truth, however, is that this sort of equipment 

simply cannot be compared to quality survey 

equipment,” he adds. 

Compatibility and Integration with 

Existing Systems 

Before making a decision, think about how 

the equipment will integrate with your 

existing systems. Check its interoperability 

with software you already use and assess 

its data sharing and transfer capabilities. 

Seamless integration can save you time and 

headaches down the road. When considering 

compatibility and integration with existing 

systems, it’s important to also evaluate the 

potential for future upgrades and expansions. 

Will the equipment be able to grow with your 

business and adapt to new technologies? 

Nevertheless, consider the level of technical 

support available for troubleshooting and 

maintenance. A reliable support system can 

make a significant difference in the overall 

efficiency and longevity of the equipment. 

Training and Support for Equipment 

Operation 

Even the best equipment is useless if you 

don’t know how to use it. Look into the user 

training requirements for the equipment 

you’re considering. Having reliable support 

can be a big save when you run into issues 

during a survey. 

Caldwell insist on the level of support 

as a vital factor to consider, “does the 

manufacturer of the equipment have a local 

partner with service and calibration facilities, 

or even a hot line to a technical expert that 

can advise the operator when the inevitable 

error code appears on the controller? he 

questions. 

“You’ll also need to factor in team size. Many 

older units, for instance, require two or more 

people for proper operation. If you work in a 

team, that’s fine, but if you are working alone, 

it’s a problem,” he indicates. 

Choosing the right equipment for engineering 

surveys is a strategic decision that can 

significantly impact the quality and efficiency 

of data collection. With a well-informed 

approach to equipment selection and a focus 

on meeting project requirements, engineering 

surveys can be conducted effectively and with 

confidence. 

Tips for Maintaining Survey 

Equipment 

Maintaining your survey equipment is a must 

for ensuring that it performs accurately and 

lasts as long as possible. It’s not just about 

keeping your tools clean; it involves regular 

calibration, proper storage, and staying on top 

of software updates. 

Regular Calibration 

Regular calibration of survey equipment 

is essential to maintain its accuracy and 

reliability. Over time, even the most robust 

tools can drift and provide inaccurate data, 

which can compromise the quality of your 

surveys. 

Proper Storage and Handling 

How you store and handle your survey 

equipment can significantly impact its 

lifespan and performance. Proper storage and 

handling are critical in preventing damage 

to these precision instruments. “Handle 

your land surveying instruments with care. 

Do not drop an instrument. Just because a 

manufacturer claims that their instrument 

can survive a drop from a certain distance, 

this does not mean that the claim should 

be tested,” emphasized Caldwell. “The user 

should take the claim as a statement of 

quality and not a license for rough handling. 

An instrument may “survive” a fall, but 

calibration may be lost and/or other problems 

or failures may develop in the future,” he 

warns. 

“Although in practice, there will be accidents, 

if you know the instrument has been dropped 

either of the tripod or in transport, it’s 

important to get the instrument re calibrated. 

This is another reason for selecting a 

manufacturer with full support and service 

capabilities in your area,” he suggests. 

Here are some additional tips: 

• Keep it dry and clean: Store your 

equipment in a dry and clean 

environment to prevent corrosion and 

dirt accumulation. 

• Use protective cases: Always use the 

provided carrying cases during transport 

and storage. This minimizes the risk of 

physical damage. “When transporting 

your instrument, always use the 

transport case and remember, it does 

not mean that you can handle the case 

roughly. The case and instrument should 

never be dropped or impacted. When 

you are transporting land surveying 

instruments in a vehicle, make sure it is 

secured properly so it does not slide or 

bang around,” ratifies Caldwell. 

• Regular inspection: Inspect your 

equipment regularly for any signs of 

wear and tear. Addressing minor issues 

early can prevent major problems later. 

Software and Firmware Updates 

Keeping your survey equipment’s software 

and firmware updated is highly recommended 

for optimal performance. These updates can 

provide new features, fix bugs, and improve 

the overall functionality of the equipment. 

Looking Ahead 

Engineering survey equipment are evolving 

rapidly, with new technologies pushing the 

boundaries of what’s possible. Staying abreast 

of the latest advancements in surveying 

technology and embracing innovative 

tools like LiDAR, GNSS, and AI integration, 

engineers can elevate their surveying 

capabilities to new heights. As we look 

towards the horizon of engineering surveys, it 

is evident that the possibilities for enhancing 

data accuracy, efficiency, and environmental 

consciousness are limitless, opening the door 

for a more connected and sustainable future 

in the field of engineering. 




MINING SECTOR 

VoltVision Expands in African and Middle 

Eastern Mining Sectors 

VoltVision, a company specializing 

in high voltage (HV) electrical data 

analytics, has secured four new 

contracts in the African and Middle Eastern 

mining sectors with major players in the 

industry including Barrick Gold, Centamin, 

Resolute Mining, and Allied Gold. 

These partnerships with VoltVision are 

focused on digitizing complex high and 

medium voltage power grids within the 

mining operations. Utilizing VoltVision’s 

technology, mining companies are able to 

improve their operational efficiencies and 

accelerate the industry’s move towards 

decarbonization. 

Barrick Gold: Lumwana Project 

At Barrick’s Lumwana Mine in Zambia, 

VoltVision is working to enhance the 

understanding of power performance at both 

the site and group level. The technology 

provided by VoltVision allows the operations 

team at Lumwana to monitor the electrical 

performance of the processing plant, 

leading to improved efficiencies and better 

management of the relationship with the grid 

supplier. 

Centamin: Sukari Mine 

Centamin’s Sukari Mine in Egypt is benefiting 

from VoltVision’s solutions in digitizing 

critical areas of the mine complex. This 

includes underground operations, the process 

plant, and power generation units such 

as a solar park and heavy-fuel operated 

generators. The technology is helping Sukari 

to operate its Power Management System 

more effectively and maximize the usage of 

solar power. 

Resolute Mining: Syama Project 

Resolute Mining has partnered with 

VoltVision to gain better visibility into 

Syama’s medium voltage (MV) power network. 

Retrofitting solutions across the entire MV 

power network, the site management team at 

Syama can monitor diesel generation, power 

usage, and power quality more efficiently. 

Customized reporting features have 

streamlined the reporting process, ensuring 

accuracy and availability of power reports. 

Allied Gold: Sadiola Project 

At Allied Gold’s site, VoltVision has 

implemented a comprehensive monitoring 

solution for site-wide power digitization. This 

has provided the ExCo team with valuable 

data on power usage and quality across the 

processing plant, allowing them to identify 

areas for improved efficiency. Additionally, 

VoltVision has developed a centralized 

multi-asset monitoring tool for the site 

management team. 

Company Statement 

In a news release, Manoli Yannaghas, 

VoltVision’s Managing Director, expressed 

excitement about working with leading 

miners in Africa and the Middle East. He 

highlighted the company’s commitment 

to helping miners improve operational 

efficiencies, reduce costs, and address climate 

change through responsible power usage 

and energy management. VoltVision is proud 

to support the industry in becoming more 

sustainable and environmentally conscious. 


MINING SECTOR 

Botswana Emerges 

Africa’s Top Mining 

Destination 

Botswana has once again claimed the 

top spot as a top mining destination in 

Africa, ranking in the top 10 globally, 

this is according to the 2023 Fraser Institute 

Annual Survey of Mining Companies. This 

survey aimed at gathering the opinions of 

mining company executives on various public 

policies that could impact a jurisdiction’s 

attractiveness for mining investment. 

Top Ranked Jurisdictions 

The Fraser Institute, a Canadian-based think 

tank, revealed that Utah took the top spot this 

year with a perfect Policy Perception Index 

(PPI) score of 100, moving up from fourth 

place in the previous year. Saskatchewan 

followed closely behind, displacing Botswana 

from its 2022 position. 

Top 10 Jurisdictions 

The top 10 jurisdictions in the survey include 

Manitoba, Botswana, Nevada, Quebec, Arizona, 

Finland, Wyoming, and Alberta. The United 

States and Canada dominate this list, with 

four jurisdictions each, followed by Africa and 

Europe with one jurisdiction each. 

Botswana’s Performance 

Botswana maintained its status as the 

highest ranked jurisdiction in Africa based 

on policy, coming in 4th out of 86 in the PPI 

for 2023. However, the country’s PPI score 

dropped slightly this year due to concerns 

about skilled labor, infrastructure, geological 

database, and protected areas. 


Investment Attractiveness 

Despite its strong policy 

ranking, Botswana slipped in 

the Investment Attractiveness Index, landing 

in 15th place this year after being among 

the top 10 jurisdictions in the previous 

report. Morocco emerged as the second most 

attractive jurisdiction in Africa for investment, 

with a notable increase in its PPI score. 

Other African Jurisdictions 

South Africa saw an improvement in its policy 

score, but its overall ranking dropped in 

comparison to the previous year. Zimbabwe, 

on the other hand, remains one of the least 

Miner holds coal, palm texture. Concept mining, black stone 

Mining operators on mining machine, underground mining 

attractive jurisdictions for mining investment 

globally, despite a significant increase in its 

policy score. 

Botswana’s performance in the 2023 Fraser 

Institute Annual Survey highlights its 

continued appeal as a top mining jurisdiction, 

while other African countries show varying 

levels of improvement and challenges in 

attracting mining investment. 


FEATURE 

Mining Made Smarter 

From Pits to Profits 

Utilizing Monitoring Systems 

for increased production 


Open pit mining operations are integral 

to the extraction of valuable resources 

from the earth’s surface through an 

open pit. It is a common mining method 

for coal, copper, gold, and other minerals. 

However, they come with inherent challenges 

such as safety concerns, operational 

inefficiencies, and environmental impacts. 

To address these issues, the implementation 

of monitoring systems has emerged a 

critical solution for optimizing production 

processes and enhancing overall performance. 

Leveraging advanced sensor technologies, 

data analytics, and real-time monitoring 

techniques, open pit mining companies can 

improve safety measures, increase operational 

efficiency, and make informed decisions that 

positively impact their bottom line. 

“Advanced monitoring systems can help 

mining companies leverage operational 

efficiency by identifying issues that allow 

for proactive, informed decision-making on 

the fly. Improvements in both efficiency and 

safety are quickly realized when the right 

technologies and data analytics are leveraged 

for their unique setting,” says Katrina 

Wertheim-Willey, Manager, Global Marketing 

Communications at Ramjack Technology 

Solutions. 

Technology in Modern Mining 

Modern mining relies heavily on 

technology to improve efficiency, safety, 

and environmental impact. Open pit mining 

monitoring systems has modernized the way 

mining operations are conducted, allowing for 

greater precision and control. 

“As digital capabilities become increasingly 

affordable, the ability to use technology and 

innovation with a clear strategy and purpose 

is essential,” Elton du Plessis, Senior Technical 

Lead, MineMeasurement – Maptek. 

“There are a lot of mine monitoring systems 

out there, but having the RIGHT technologies 

for your distinctive operations is critical,” 

Emphasized Wertheim-Willey. “Having a 


technology integration advisor will help 

you start at square one to effectively assess, 

select, and implement the monitoring 

technologies that stand the best chance to 

optimize the production processes that are 

unique to a singular mine site. The right 

technologies all integrated into a cohesive 

ecosystem will give an operations team the 

data they need to enhance safety and improve 

overall operational efficiency,” she adds. 

“Beyond just helping select the best 

operational technologies for your site, 

a technology integration advisor will 

help with implementation, training, data 

management and analytics, optimization 

strategies, continuous improvement, 

reporting, communication, sustainability and 

compliance,” remarks Wertheim. 

The systems also help in monitoring 

factors such as water usage and air quality, 

companies can ensure they are operating in a 

sustainable manner. 

“Mining operations can release a variety of 


pollutants affecting both mine workers and 

surrounding communities. These include 

particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and 

toxic gases such as sulphur dioxide (SO2), 

nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) 

and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). To 

tackle this problem, air quality monitoring 

solutions have emerged as an innovative 

and effective tool,” says Mikel Iceta, Chief 

Marketing Officer at Kunak Technologies SL. 

“There must be cooperation between 

operational and planning teams to realise 

success through the use of technology. Mining 

engineers, geotechnical engineers, geologists, 

mining managers, project managers, and mine 

planners need to become closer in order to 

utilize new digital solutions in relation to 

problems at a business level,” recommends du 

Plessis. 

Challenges Faced in Open Pit 

Mining 

Air quality 

One of the key challenges faced in open 

pit mining is the constant need to ensure 

the safety of workers and the surrounding 

environment. According to Iceta, “Open-pit 

mining is an essential activity for the global 

economy, providing critical raw materials for 

various industries. However, this practice also 

creates significant environmental challenges, 

not least of which is air quality.” 

With large equipment, blasting activities, and 

unstable ground conditions, safety hazards 

are always present. “In order to better cope 

with these challenges, mining operations 

should prioritise technology that provides 

clean data that mining personnel can share 

efficiently across the business,” urge du 

Plessis. 

Equipment Monitoring 

Besides, operational inefficiencies can arise 

from equipment breakdowns, inefficient 

workflows, and lack of real-time data 

monitoring. Addressing these challenges 

is essential for maximizing production 

and minimizing risks in open pit mining 

operations. “Open pit mining is undoubtedly 

one of the harshest environments for 

mechanical machinery on the planet, demand 

on these assets is a constant battle between 

machine wear and productivity,” observes John 

Warhurst, Gill, Technical Specialist. 

“Time is critical, if machinery is not turning, 

it’s not earning, in an industry where 

OPEN PIT MONITORING 

downtime costs tens of thousands of dollars, 

asset health management is vital to keep the 

profits rolling on a daily basis,” he adds. 

Implementing a monitoring system in open 

pit mining, companies can track equipment 

performance, optimize workflows, and reduce 

downtime, ultimately increasing operational 

efficiency, enhance safety measures and 

concurrently improve productivity. 

Slope Stability 

Slope stability can be affected by various 

factors. From what the ground is made of to 

how much water is hanging around, these 

elements can make or break the stability of 

those towering slopes. 

“With open-pit mines developing deeper and 

steeper than ever before, it is still common 

to find a lack of standard approaches and 

procedures to manage slope stability. The 

result for mining operations, large and small, 

is a negative impact on safety, ore recovery, 

and ultimately financial returns,” perceive 

du Plessis. “In order to continue to meet 

stakeholder expectations for safety and 

extracted mineable reserves during the life of 

the mine, we believe it is vital to implement 

a shift in strategy and thinking—from reactive 

to proactive,” he suggests. 

Water and Soil Contamination 

One of the major environmental concerns 

associated with open pit mining is the 

potential for water and soil contamination. 

Chemicals used in the mining process can 

leach into the surrounding environment, 

contaminating water sources and affecting 

soil quality. 

Deforestation and Habitat 

Destruction 

Open pit mining often results in deforestation 

and habitat destruction as large areas of 

land are cleared to make way for mining 

operations. This can have a significant impact 

on local ecosystems and biodiversity, leading 

to long-term environmental damage. 

Workplace Hazards and Risk 

Factors 

Open pit mining presents numerous 

workplace hazards and risk factors, including 

heavy machinery accidents, rockfalls, and 

exposure to hazardous chemicals. Proper 

safety protocols and training are essential to 

protect the well-being of workers in these 

challenging environments. 

Emergency Response and Rescue 

Operations 



Elton du Plessis, Senior Technical Lead, 

MineMeasurement at Maptek. 

In the event of accidents or emergencies 

in open pit mining operations, swift and 

effective emergency response and rescue 

operations are critical. This includes 

having well-trained personnel, proper 

communication systems, and emergency plans 

in place to ensure the safety of workers. 

Monitoring Systems for optimizing 

production processes 

Sensor Technologies 

Sensor technologies such as GPS, proximity 

detectors, and drones serve a vital task in 

monitoring open pit mining operations, 

providing real-time data on equipment 

location, conditions, and efficiency. 

Data Acquisition and Transmission 

Systems 

Data acquisition systems collect information 

from sensors and other sources, while 

transmission systems enable the transfer 

of data to centralized control centers for 

analysis and decision-making in open pit 

mining operations. Integrating these systems 

Katrina Wertheim-Willey, Manager, Global 

Marketing Communications at Ramjack 

Technology Solutions. 

with real-time monitoring techniques, mining 

operators can effectively track equipment 

performance, environmental conditions, and 

worker safety to ensure optimal operational 

efficiency and safety. 

Real-Time Monitoring Techniques 

In the fast-paced world of open pit mining, 

staying on top of safety and efficiency is 

a no debate matter. Real-time monitoring 

techniques allow operators to track 

equipment performance, environmental 

conditions, and worker safety in real-time, 

enabling prompt responses to potential 

issues. 

According to Iceta, “Real-time environmental 

monitoring allows mining companies to 

optimise their operations. They can adjust 

activities according to environmental 

conditions and minimise the release of 

pollutants, as well as identify those processes 

that have the greatest impact on air quality.” 

“This showcases the company’s commitment 

to sustainability and environmental 

John Warhurst, Gill, Technical Specialist. 

responsibility, enhancing its reputation and 

relations with neighbouring communities and 

regulators,” he adds. 

Big Data Analytics in Open Pit 

Mining 

Big data analytics is important in open 

pit mining for analyzing large volumes of 

data collected from monitoring systems to 

identify trends, optimize processes, and make 

informed decisions for maximizing production 

and safety in mining operations. 

“Advanced air quality monitoring solutions 

combine high-precision sensors, advanced 

connectivity and real-time data access. In 

the context of open-pit mining, they are 

very useful as they provide accurate and 

reliable measurements of a wide range of air 

pollutants. This is key in mining sites where 

pollutant concentrations can vary significantly 

from one area to another. 

Enhanced Safety Measures 

Utilizing sensor technologies like GPS, 

proximity detectors, and drones, companies 

can gather crucial data on equipment 

location, conditions, and efficiency in 

real-time. This data is then collected by 

data acquisition systems and transmitted 

to centralized control centers for analysis 

and decision-making, allowing for proactive 

measures to be taken to prevent potential 

safety hazards. 

Early Warning Systems 

From monitoring equipment health to 

detecting movement in the pit walls, warning 

systems are your extra set of eyes and 

ears, helping you avert disasters and keep 

everyone safe. As Warhurst notes, “WearDetect 

not only gives the indication that all is well 

with asset health under normal conditions, 

it can warn of impending mechanical issues 



Mikel Iceta, Chief Marketing Officer at Kunak Technologies SL. 

before catastrophic failures occur.” He further 

compliments that, “Prevention as they 

say is better than a cure, the opportunity 

WearDetect gives to schedule maintenance 

& repairs before failure, preventing further 

damage and lost production is invaluable.” 

Optimizing Production Processes 

As technology continues to advance, the need 

for more efficient and accurate monitoring 

systems in open pit mining operations 

becomes increasingly important. These 

systems have an important task in ensuring 

the safety of workers, optimizing production, 

and minimizing environmental impact. 

Analyzing data on equipment performance, 

ore quality, and operational variables, these 

systems help you fine-tune your operations 

for maximum productivity, guiding you to 

peak performance and making sure every 

ounce of ore is mined with precision. 

Maximizing Efficiency and 

Productivity 

In open pit mining, time is money, and 

every minute counts in extracting minerals 

efficiently. Implementing optimization 

strategies, mining companies can not only 

increase their output but also reduce costs 

and minimize environmental impact. This 

dual focus on efficiency and sustainability is 

essential for long-term success in the mining 

industry. 

Cost Reduction and Resource 

Management 

Optimizing production processes in mining is 

all about making the most of what you have. 

From fuel savings to minimizing waste, every 

efficiency gain adds up to more profits and 

less environmental impact. Implementing 

advanced monitoring systems in mining 

operations is vital for ensuring both efficiency 

and sustainability. 

Automation and Control Systems 

In the quest for improved production 

efficiency, mining operations are turning 

to automation and control systems. These 

technologies enable precise monitoring 

and management of equipment, reducing 

downtime and enhancing overall productivity. 

Automating repetitive tasks and integrating 

smart sensors, mines can optimize their 

processes and adapt quickly to changing 

conditions. 

Integration of Monitoring Systems 

with Mine Planning 

Aligning real-time data from monitoring 

systems with the mine’s strategic objectives, 

operators can make informed decisions that 

maximize output and minimize operational 

disruptions. This synergy between monitoring 

technologies and mine planning ensures a 

cohesive approach to achieving production 

targets. Effective integration of monitoring 

systems with mine planning not only 

enhances operational efficiency but also 

improves safety measures within the mining 

environment. Continuously monitoring 

factors such as slope stability and equipment 

performance, operators can proactively 

address potential hazards and prevent 

accidents. This proactive approach not only 

safeguards the well-being of workers but 

also contributes to the overall success of the 

mining operation. 

Future Trends and Innovations 

in Open Pit Mining Monitoring 

Technology 

As technology continues to evolve at a 

rapid pace, the future of open pit mining 

monitoring is looking brighter. Innovations in 

monitoring systems are emerging to support 

environmentally conscious practices. From 

remote sensing technologies for monitoring 

biodiversity to IoT-enabled sensors for water 

management, these innovations help mines 

adopt sustainable operational processes. 

Embracing cutting-edge monitoring systems 

tailored for sustainability, mines can uphold 

their commitment to responsible resource 

extraction and environmental stewardship. 

Here are some exciting trends and 

innovations to keep an eye on: 

Integration of Artificial Intelligence 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making waves 

in the mining industry, offering advanced 

capabilities for data analysis and predictive 

modeling. Harnessing the power of AI, mining 

companies can gain deeper insights into their 

operations, optimize production schedules, 

and enhance safety measures. 

Automation and Robotics in Open 

Pit Mining Operations 

The rise of automation and robotics is 

anticipated to transform open pit mining 

operations, paving the way for a more 

efficient and streamlined workflow. 

From autonomous haul trucks to robotic 

drilling systems, these technologies are 

revolutionizing how mining is done. 

Deploying automated solutions, companies 

can improve safety standards, increase 

productivity, and reduce operational costs. 

As we look ahead, the evolution of monitoring 

technologies promises to further streamline 

operations, improve productivity, and set new 

standards for responsible mining practices. 

With a focus on continuous improvement and 

adaptation, open pit mining operations are 

poised to thrive in an increasingly dynamic 

and competitive global market. 



FEATURE 

Mapping from Above 

How to Choose the Right Drone for Your Photogrammetric Needs 


Choosing the right drone for your 

photogrammetric needs can be a 

challenging duty, given the multitude 

of options available in the market. When 

it comes to photogrammetry, a drone 

is significant in capturing high quality 

images from different perspectives, which 

are later used for the creation of detailed 

3D models. Advancements in technology, 

has made drones more accessible and 

affordable, making them a popular choice for 

professionals in various industries. However, 

with so many options on the market, it’s 

important to carefully consider your specific 

needs and requirements before investing in a 

drone for photogrammetric purposes. 

Factors to Consider When 

Choosing a Drone for 

Photogrammetry 

Level of Accuracy Needed for 

Photogrammetric Projects 

Do you need your measurements to be 

precise, or just get the job done with a bit 

more finesse? The level of accuracy you need 

will determine the type of drone you should 

pick. 

According to Dr. Jad Jarroush, Founder and 

CTO at Datumate, “The required mapping 

accuracy also dictates operational parameters. 

For instance: for accuracy at a 1:250 scale 

mapping (requiring about 5 cm accuracy 

with a maximum of 2.5 cm pixel resolution), 

the user must consider both the camera’s 

resolution and the number of batteries 

needed.” 

Environmental Conditions and 

Terrain Characteristics 

Is your drone going to be battling hurricane 

level winds or peacefully cruising through 

sunny skies? The environment and terrain 

where your drone will be flying is key in 

picking the right one. 

“Drone operations are highly sensitive to 

weather conditions. In windy situations, 

drones may not maintain stability for 

capturing images with proper overlap, or they 

might even crash, rendering them unusable. If 

the weather is too hot, it will badly affect the 

battery life as well,” says Dr. Jarroush. 

Additionally, “The ability of the drone to resist 

a range of weather conditions such as dust 

and water are qualities that are useful for 

outdoor use,” emphasize Reynolds Adongo, 

Drone Pilot at Axis Drone Surveys 

Budget Constraints and Cost 

effectiveness 

Having considered all the key factors, 

you will probably want to find that sweet 

spot between what you can afford and 

what will give you the best value for your 

buck. Evaluate the cost breakdown of the 

drone itself, the camera, and any necessary 

accessories. Quality drone and camera setup 

can impact the accuracy and quality of your 

data, so allocate your budget wisely to ensure 

optimal results. 

Keep upfront costs to factor in long-term 

maintenance and upkeep expenses. Regular 

maintenance, repairs, and software updates 

are essential for keeping your drone system in 

top condition. 

“The total cost, which includes the software, 

camera, and drone, should be within the 

allocated funds. Additionally, for continuous 

maintenance and troubleshooting, 

dependable customer service and the 

availability of spare parts is also crucial,” 

commends Adongo. 

Key Features to Look for in a 

Photogrammetry Drone 

Quality of Camera and Sensor 

Technology 

Look for cameras and sensors that can 

capture crisp, clear images and accurate data. 

The higher the resolution of the camera, the 

more detailed your images will be, leading 

to more accurate 3D models. “Opt for drones 

with high-resolution cameras capable of 

capturing detailed images. Camera quality 

influences photogrammetric model accuracy,” 

acclaims Felipe Grande, International 

Business Manager at Aplitop. 

“Photogrammetry is heavily reliant on the 

quality of the input and therefore we can 

argue that the very first factor to consider 

is the quality of a drone’s camera,” asserts 

Kamen Kiryakov, Business Development 

Manager at MYX Robotics. 

Considering the camera’s ability to adjust 

settings such as aperture, shutter speed, 

and ISO will ensure flexibility in different 

lighting conditions. These features can help 

you capture the best possible images for 

your photogrammetric projects. Beside, a 

larger sensor size can capture more light 

and detail, enhancing the quality of your 

photogrammetric data. 

Ilya Shikov, TOPODRONE CTO, stresses that – 

“It’s necessary to understand what areas and 

surface type shall be surveyed. The main deal 

breaker of the Photogrammetry drone is not 

a flight time or lifting power, but the Camera 

itself. Surely, it should have a mechanical 

shutter, full frame matrix and high resolution 

capacity of the images.” 


PHOTOGRAMMETRY DRONES 

“Investing in high-resolution camera or 

equally, drones with quality optics will 

enhance the detail and accuracy of the 

captured data. Key details to consider include 

sensor size, number and size of pixels, 

shutter speed and focal length. In addition, 

to enhance the accuracy of a digital twin, we 

strongly advise on geotagging all photos. 

Geotagging adds GPS coordinates to photos, 

making it easier to integrate the data into GIS 

(Geographic Information System) software,” 

comments Kiryakov. 

“The resolution and size of the camera’s 

sensor are very important. Accurate 

photogrammetric analysis requires highresolution 

cameras (usually 20 MP or more) 

with large sensors because they collect more 

detail and provide better images,” specifies 

Adongo. 

“Photogrammetry, like the name implies, is 

based on photographs. So you want a drone 

that can carry high-quality cameras. Not only 

that, you need one engineered to fly reliably 

so that you can make the most of the quality 

of the camera you are flying with. What 

makes this possible? The type of drone. Why? 

Because if you have a small multi-rotor or a 

classical fixed-wing drone, you cannot carry 

cameras that are above a certain weight. 

This is because a smaller multirotor will not 

have power to lift them, and the fixed-wing is 

launched and lands in a way that can destroy 

them,” edifies Emily Loosli, Content Manager 

at Wingtra. 

“What’s left? A vertical take-off and landing 

(VTOL) tailsitter or hybrid. These kinds of 

drones can take off and land like a multirotor 

in a controlled way, but they transition and 

cruise like an airplane to capture data. This 

passive-lift-powered cruise flight means they 

don’t need so much energy to stay aloft. So 

they can carry good quality cameras, covering 

large areas,” she clarifies. 

Photogrammetry software compatibility is 

very important. Ensure that the camera you 

choose is supported by the software you plan 

to use for processing your data. This will save 

you time and effort in post processing and 

ensure seamless integration between your 

hardware and software. 

“Since successful photogrammetry relies 

on sharp photos that are captured in a very 

specific configuration, check carefully that the 

system you are using is easy enough to set 

up and fly in a repeatable way. Some systems 

are really complicated. Make sure there is an 

intuitive workflow and a lot of automation 

to remove hassles from your data collection 

experience,” guides Loosli. “Finally look deeper 

than price tags and flight times. Specifically, 

look at how efficient the platform actually 

is and how compatible its data is with any 

software for processing. Make sure that the 

support for the platform is well rated. Things 

can happen in the field or during processing. 

You will want someone with the passion and 

expertise to solve your problems as a contact,” 

she cautions. 

Flight Time and Battery Life 

Running out of battery mid-flight, is every 

drone pilot’s nightmare. Make sure your drone 

has enough flight time and battery life to get 

the job done without constantly needing pit 

stops. 

“Flight time and range are important factors 

to consider when choosing a drone. For 

best results in photogrammetry, a grid flight 

mission is recommended which consist of 

multiple horizontal passes with the drone 

over a given area of interest. The flight time 

and range will ensure that those flight passes 

can remain consistent, parallel to each other, 

equally distanced at similar height and 

with an overlap of between 80 and 90%,” 

recommends Kiryakov. 

“The flight duration is crucial because it 

determines how long the drone can stay in 

the air to capture data. Fixed-wing drones 

typically have longer flight durations,” says 

Grande. 

“It is usually recommended for Drones to 

possess extended battery life and reliable 

flight characteristics. Both battery life 

and drone stability are paramount in 

photogrammetric surveys because they 

complement one another. As the battery life 

helps extend flight lengths and cover more 

areas in a single trip, stability guarantees 

consistent photos,” acclaims Adongo. 

Similarly, capitalize in reliable software and 

tools that can help you optimize your drone 

missions. Flight planning software can assist 

in creating flight paths, setting waypoints, 

and ensuring efficient coverage of the area 

you want to survey. This leads to better data 

collection and accurate results. 

Data Processing 

As you proceed with processing your captured 

data, select a software that suits your 

expertise level and project requirements. The 

different processing techniques available can 

help you generate precise 3D models from 

your imagery. Consider factors like processing 

speed, ease of use, and compatibility with 

your camera and drone system. 

GPS and Navigation Systems 

Getting lost is no fun. Your drone needs to 

know where it’s going and how to get back 

home safely. GPS and navigation systems are 

like the drone’s internal compass, guiding 

it through the skies. “Another key area to 

consider is the Precision of GNSS on board 

the drone. Georeferencing of photographs 

depends on accurate GPS and sophisticated 

navigation systems. The precise translation 

of the recorded information to physical 

coordinates can also be attributed to the 

accuracy of the GNSS,” Says Adongo. 

“GPS accuracy affects the precision of your 

results. Drones with RTK or PPK technology 

offer higher geospatial accuracy,” adds Grande. 

Regulatory Compliance 

Establishing solid compliance protocols keeps 

things running smoothly and makes the 

process a whole lot more bearable. 

As Adongo indorses, “The drone has to 

possess the required certifications for use in 

commerce and conform with local aviation 

laws. This entails being aware of no-fly 

zones and securing the necessary licenses or 

permissions.” 

Types of Drones for 

Photogrammetry 

Key Difference Fixed-Wing Drones vs. 

Multirotor Drones 

When deciding between fixed-wing and 

multirotor drones, it’s important to consider 



PHOTOGRAMETRY DRONES 

Emily Loosli, Content Manager at Wingtra 

the specific requirements of your project. 

“Fixed-wing drones usually have longer flight 

durations and a higher range. They are perfect 

for comprehensive surveys and mapping vast 

landscapes because of their aerodynamic 

efficiency, which enables them to cover big 

areas in a single trip, unlike the multirotor 

drones which have shorter flight durations 

and a smaller range,” remarks Adongo. 

“Each type of drone has its strengths and 

weaknesses, and the choice between a 

fixed-wing and a multirotor drone will 

depend on the specific requirements of the 

photogrammetric project, including the area 

size, terrain type, image resolution required, 

and logistical considerations.” Outlines Dr. 

Jarroush. 

Flight and Maneuverability 

In comparison, fixed-wing drones can cover 

long distances efficiently. They are ideal for 

tasks that involve covering large areas or 

require long flight times. 

Multirotor drones, on the other hand, are 

more like sprinters, nimble and agile for tight 

spaces. They are best in maneuverability and 

are better suited for tasks in confined spaces 

or that require precise movements. Knowing 

the strengths and limitations of each type, 

you can choose the drone that will best meet 

your project’s needs. 

“First of all,” as Shikov notes, “most VTOLs 

are designed to fly more than an hour with 

a payload, so it’s a great tool to cover huge 

areas. However, this is only applicable mostly 

in flat areas. Since VTOL AGL mode will work 

as fast as it might be necessary in the steep 

surface conditions, and in that case it would 

be necessary to use the multirotor, which is 

capable of flying directly upward. Secondly, 

it is a maximum cruising speed of the air 

vehicle, the VTOL are designed to be used 

Reynolds Adongo, Drone Pilot at Axis Drone 

Surveys 

on the high speeds ~19-22m/s, meanwhile 

multirotors are better for more precise and 

slow speed operations ~8-12m/s.” 

“Fixed-wing drones typically offer longer 

flight times and greater range than multirotor 

drones. This is because fixed-wing drones 

are powered by aerodynamic lift, which 

is more energy-efficient than the vertical 

lift used by multirotor. This makes fixedwing 

drones ideal for large-scale mapping 

projects covering extensive areas,” explains 

Dr. Jarroush. “Multirotor drones excel in 

maneuverability. They can hover in place, take 

off and land vertically, and easily navigate 

tight spaces. This makes them particularly 

suitable for projects requiring detailed 

imaging of specific locations or objects, 

such as construction sites, archaeological 

digs, or urban environments where precise 

positioning is crucial.” He adds. 

“The general useability of the multirotor is 

far better than the fixed wing as it is simpler 

to set up and run,” says Adongo. “They are 

also excellent at maneuvering and can hover, 

which makes them perfect for taking close-up 

pictures of particular locations. The fixedwing 

however does not have this capability 

and it also takes some time to set it up in 

motion,” he notes. 

“There are key differences between fixedwing 

and multirotor drones and with 

both, there are certain advantages and 

disadvantages. To start with, a beginner in the 

field of drone and photogrammetry operations 

will benefit greatly from a multirotor drone 

compared to a fixed-wing. Multirotor drones 

are easier to operate, significantly more 

maneuverable and cost much less than fixedwing 

drones,” says Kiryakov. 

“The keys differences, however, come from 

the flight time and altitude that fixed-wing 

Ilya Shikov, TOPODRONE CTO 

drones have a considerable advantage 

compared to multirotor drones. They provide 

greater flexibility when capturing greater 

and larger areas where a higher altitude is 

required. They are, however, still significantly 

less affordable and require greater skills to 

operate them. We can therefore conclude 

that multirotor drones are still the preferred 

choice for photogrammetric applications 

especially due to their maneuverability and 

cost effectiveness,” clinches Kiryakov. 

Payload Capacity and Endurance 

Fixed-wing drones typically have a higher 

payload capacity than multirotor drones, 

allowing them to carry heavier cameras 

or sensors. This makes them suitable for 

tasks that require specialized equipment or 

multiple payloads. 

“Fixed-wing drones can carry heavier 

payloads, such as professional cameras or 

additional sensors,” says Grande. 

“Generally, fixed-wing drones can carry 

heavier payloads compared to multirotors of 

a similar size. This capability allows them to 

be equipped with more advanced sensors and 

cameras, which can be beneficial for highresolution 

mapping and other sophisticated 

photogrammetric needs,” says Dr. Jarroush. 

“Compared to multirotor drones, fixed-wing 

drones often have smaller payload capacity. 

This may restrict the kind and quantity of 

sensors that they can hold, while highend 

models can still hold sophisticated 

photogrammetric apparatus. The multirotors 

can carry more sensors and cameras 

because they frequently have larger payload 

capabilities. This adaptability is useful for 

intricate photogrammetric projects that call 

for a variety of data-gathering methods,” 

Observe Adongo. 


PHOTOGRAMMETRY DRONES 

Kamen Kiryakov, Business Development 

Manager at MYX Robotics 

Coverage Area and Data Collection 

Efficiency 

Maximizing coverage and efficiency are key 

considerations in selecting the right drone for 

the job. “Fixed-wing drones rely on passive lift 

when they collect data—they literally cruise 

like an airplane. Multirotors are powered 

for their entire flight by the turning of their 

rotors and active lift. The implications of this 

are huge: multirotors must spend many times 

more energy keeping themselves aloft while 

fixed-wing drones can cover many times more 

area on the same size battery,” says Loosli. 

“Multirotors are great at what they do: aerial 

video, aerial photography and inspection as 

well as package delivery and applications 

requiring fine control. Fixed-wing drones are 

simply much more efficient for mapping and 

repeated mapping because you can cover so 

much more in limited time windows and get 

data whenever you need for large areas,” she 

describes. 

Speed and Stability 

Fixed wing drones typically rely on 

motor-driven propellers or jet engines for 

propulsion. These systems, combined with 

their aerodynamic design, enable fixed wing 

drones to reach impressive speeds and 

maintain stable flight over long distances. 

Multirotor drones are equipped with 

sophisticated flight control systems and 

sensors that constantly monitor and adjust 

their position and orientation in real-time. 

This technology allows them to remain stable 

in various weather conditions and flight 

scenarios. 

“Multirotor drones are able to hover, which 

provides greater stability for capturing 

high-quality, static images. This stability is 

particularly advantageous in photogrammetry 

for achieving precise image overlap and 

maintaining consistent altitudes and angles. 

Felipe Grande, International Business Manager 

at Aplitop. 

Fixed-wing drones typically fly faster than 

multirotor drones. This higher speed allows 

for quicker coverage of large areas, reducing 

the time to complete a surveying mission. 

However, the increased speed can make it 

more challenging to capture high-quality 

images without motion blur, necessitating 

careful planning of the photogrammetric 

mission,” compares Dr. Jarroush. 

Takeoff, Landing and Resistance 

Fixed-wing drones require a runway for 

takeoff, where they gain speed to generate 

lift and become airborne. Pilots need to 

ensure a clear and obstacle-free runway for a 

successful takeoff. They also require a runway 

for landing, where pilots need to control 

the speed and angle of approach to land 

smoothly. Precision and skill are crucial for a 

safe landing. 

Multirotor drones can take off vertically from 

almost anywhere, making them more versatile 

in terms of launching locations. Pilots simply 

need to ensure that the area is clear above 

and around the drone to avoid any collisions. 

They can as well land vertically, descending 

straight down to the ground. Pilots have more 

flexibility in choosing a landing spot, but they 

must still maneuver the drone carefully to 

avoid any mishaps. 

“Fixed-wing drones require a large open 

space for take-off and landing. Multirotor 

drones, on the other hand, can take off and 

land vertically, which means they can operate 

in confined spaces and varied terrains without 

needing a runway,” complements Dr. Jarroush. 

“Operating a fixed-wing drone generally 

requires more training and expertise due 

to their more complex launch and recovery 

processes and their need for flight planning 

similar to traditional aircraft. Multirotors 

are often preferred for their simpler, more 

Dr. Jad Jarroush, Founder and CTO at 

Datumate 

intuitive control, especially useful in 

environments where quick deployment is 

necessary,” he adds. 

“Fixed-wing drones can land more safely 

in case of power loss, as they glide down. 

Multirotors descend vertically,” tells Grande. 

“Fixed-wing models can handle stronger 

winds due to their design. Multirotors are 

more sensitive to wind,” he adds. 

“In cramped or difficult environments, 

fixed wings need a runway or a catapult 

mechanism for takeoff and landing may be 

prohibitive, thus they are less suitable for 

places with less open space because of this 

necessity. However, it’s important to note that 

certain fixed-wing models possess vertical 

takeoff capabilities, offering versatility in 

their deployment. With multi-rotors, they 

can land and take off vertically, taking up 

very little room. More flexibility is offered 

by this function in a variety of settings, such 

as cramped or heavily congested regions,” 

Adongo indicates. 

Parting Shot 

Selecting the right drone for your 

photogrammetric needs is crucial for 

achieving accurate and reliable results in 

your projects. Understanding the key factors, 

features, and considerations, you can make 

an informed decision that aligns with your 

specific requirements and budget. With the 

right drone and camera setup, coupled with 

effective flight planning and data processing 

strategies, you can harness the power of 

photogrammetry to enhance your spatial data 

collection capabilities and drive success in 

various industries. 




SMART SUBSEA SOLUTIONS 

Delivering data in most adverse conditions: underwater 

acoustic modems with advanced communication 

technology and networking 

Accurate USBL and LBL positioning of underwater assets 

Modem emulator and other cost-saving developer tools 

Autonomous surface vehicle for bathymetry, monitoring, 

search & rescue, and AUV support 

New 

MULTIBEAM SONAR 

for the Sonobot 5 vehicle 

available now! 

sales@evologics.com 

sales-us@evologics.com 


EvoLogics.de 


FEATURE 

How RTK GNSS Improves 

Agricultural Precision 

The adoption of RTK GNSS technology in agriculture 

represents a significant leap forward towards sustainable and 

efficient farming practices 

Precision agriculture is at the forefront 

revolutionizing the way modern 

farming operates. This technological 

transformation is Real-Time Kinematic 

(RTK) Global Navigation Satellite System 

(GNSS) technology, providing high-precision 

positioning data, RTK GNSS has become an 

indispensable tool for improving agricultural 

precision, efficiency, and productivity. 

Since the late 1990s, farmers have been using 

RTK technology to improve efficiency and 

precision in their operations. It’s come a long 

way from those clunky early days, evolving 

into a must-have tool for modern precision 

farming. 

Benefits of RTK GNSS for 

Agricultural Precision 

Increased Accuracy in Field Mapping 

RTK GNSS technology provides centimeterlevel 

accuracy, allowing farmers to create 

detailed field maps that take the guesswork 

out of planting and harvesting. 

Enhanced Soil Sampling and Analysis 

RTK GNSS helps farmers to take the soil 

sampling and analysis by providing precise 

location data. By knowing exactly where 

to sample and what nutrients are needed, 

farmers can optimize their soil management 

practices for healthier, happier crops. 

Enhanced Crop Monitoring and 

Management 

Real-time Monitoring of Crop Health: 

RTK GNSS technology provides accurate 

data on real-time crop health such growth, 

moisture levels, and nutrient uptake, helping 

farmers to make timely decisions to keep 

their plants in peak condition. 

Precision Irrigation and Fertilization 

Strategies: Farmers can dispense water 

and nutrients exactly where they’re needed, 

ensuring plants get just the right amount of 

TLC saving resources and boosting crop yields. 

Precision Guidance for Farm 

Machinery 

Automated Tractor Steering Systems: 

RTK GNSS technology allows for automated 

tractor steering systems that keep farm 

machinery on the straight and narrow path, 

ensuring precise passes, minimizing overlap 

for maximum efficiency. 

Application of Variable Rate 

Technology (VRT): RTK GNSS enables the 

application of Variable Rate Technology (VRT), 

where farmers can adjust inputs like seed, 

fertilizer, and pesticides on the fly based on 

real-time data. 

Improving Yield and Efficiency with 

RTK GNSS 

Harnessing the power of RTK GNSS 

technology, farmers can optimize their 

processes, leading to improved crop health 

and higher productivity, precisely guiding 

planting and seeding operations, ensuring 

that seeds are placed at the right depth and 

spacing. This precision minimizes waste, 

promoting uniform crop emergence and 

ultimately boosts the overall yield. 

Challenges and Considerations 

in Implementing RTK GNSS 


PRECISION AGRICULTURE 

While RTK GNSS offers numerous benefits, 

there are challenges and considerations 

to be mindful of when implementing 

this technology in agricultural practices. 

From initial investment hurdles to data 

management complexities, farmers must 

navigate various obstacles to fully leverage 

the potential of RTK GNSS. 

One of the primary challenges in adopting 

RTK GNSS is the initial investment required 

for purchasing equipment and implementing 

the technology. Farmers may face financial 

barriers and operational adjustments when 

integrating RTK GNSS into their existing farm 

infrastructure. 

Effective utilization of RTK GNSS data 

poses another challenge for farmers, as 

managing and integrating large datasets can 

be overwhelming. Ensuring data accuracy, 

compatibility with existing systems, and 

cybersecurity measures are essential 

considerations for seamless integration of 

RTK GNSS technology. 

Future Trends and Innovations 

in RTK GNSS for Agriculture 

The future of agriculture lies in continuous 

innovation and integration of cutting-edge 

technologies like RTK GNSS. Exploring 

emerging trends such as AI integration and 

advancements in satellite technology, farmers 

can unlock new possibilities for enhanced 

precision, efficiency, and sustainability in their 

agricultural practices. 

Integration with AI and Machine 

Learning: The fusion of RTK GNSS 

technology with artificial intelligence 

and machine learning algorithms holds 

immense potential for optimizing agricultural 

processes. Leveraging AI-driven insights for 

predictive analytics, automated decisionmaking, 

and adaptive crop management, 

farmers can further enhance their productivity 

and profitability. 

Advancements in Satellite Technology 

for Precision Agriculture: Continual 

advancements in satellite technology, 

including the development of nextgeneration 

satellites and improved 

positioning services, are set to reshape the 

landscape of precision agriculture. Enhanced 

satellite coverage, higher accuracy, and 

real-time data transmission capabilities will 

empower farmers to make informed decisions 

and maximize the potential of RTK GNSS 

technology. 

The adoption of RTK GNSS technology in 

agriculture represents a significant leap 

forward towards sustainable and efficient 

farming practices. With its ability to enhance 

precision, optimize resource utilization, 

and improve overall productivity, RTK 

GNSS is fulfilling vital task in shaping the 

future of agriculture. As farmers continue 

to harness the power of this technology, we 

can expect to see further advancements 

in crop management, yield optimization, 

and environmental stewardship, ultimately 

leading to a more sustainable and productive 

agricultural sector. 



FEATURE 

From Cost Estimates to 

Green Initiatives 

The Versatility of Quantity Surveyors 

in Sustainable Construction 

Quantity surveyors are important in the 

construction industry, particularly in 

the context of advancing sustainable 

practices. As the demand for environmentally 

conscious building solutions continues to 

grow, quantity surveyors are at the forefront 

of integrating sustainable principles into 

construction projects. 

Sustainable construction involves designing, 

constructing, and operating buildings in an 

environmentally responsible way to minimize 

resource depletion and reduce negative 

impacts on the environment. Quantity 

surveyors make sure projects stay on budget 

and don’t go off the rails financially. They 

handle cost estimation, procurement, and 


SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION 

financial management throughout the project 

lifecycle. When it comes to sustainable 

construction, quantity surveyors play a 

crucial role in balancing the books while still 

prioritizing eco-friendly practices. 

Sustainable construction embraces 

eco-friendly materials, reducing energy 

consumption, and minimizing waste, 

sustainable practices not only help safeguard 

the environment but also lead to healthier, 

more efficient buildings that benefit both 

occupants and the community. 

Responsibilities of Quantity 

Surveyors in Sustainable 

Construction 

Cost Estimation and Budgeting for 

Sustainable Projects 

Quantity surveyors have the challenging 

task of balancing financial constraints with 

sustainability goals. They need to crunch 

the numbers and find cost-effective ways to 

implement eco-friendly measures without 

breaking the bank. 

Resource Management and Procurement 

Strategies 

In the world of sustainable construction, 

every nail, brick, and beam counts. Quantity 

surveyors are like master chefs, carefully 

selecting sustainable materials, managing 

resources efficiently, and implementing smart 

procurement strategies to ensure projects are 

both green and cost-effective. 

Life Cycle Assessment and Environmental 

Impact Analysis 

Quantity surveyors investigate the entire 

life cycle of a building project to uncover 

its environmental footprint. They conduct 

thorough life cycle assessments and 

analyzing environmental impacts and 

make informed decisions that lead to more 

sustainable outcomes. 

Incorporating Green Building Standards and 

Certifications 

Quantity surveyors are the champions of 

green building standards, making sure 

projects meet the criteria for certifications 

like LEED or BREEAM. They ensure that 

sustainable principles are not just a niceto-have 

but a non-negotiable part of every 

project. 

Economic Benefits of 

Sustainable Construction 

Sustainability is not about saving the planet; 

it’s also about saving you some cash too. 

Quantity surveyors can help developers cut 

costs in the long run. Think of it as hitting two 

birds with one stone - you get to be ecofriendly 

while putting some cash back into 

your pocket. 

Every project has its ups and downs and 

professional quantity surveyors have a wealth 

of knowledge to share. From dos and don’ts 

to secret hacks, they are paving the way for 

future sustainable initiatives to thrive. 

The pivotal contribution of quantity surveyors 

in championing sustainable construction 

practices cannot be overstated. Embracing the 

principles of sustainability and incorporating 

them into their work, is not only driving 

positive environmental change but also 

enhancing the long-term viability and 

resilience of construction projects. 

As the industry continues to evolve, the 

role of quantity surveyors in promoting 

sustainable practices will remain instrumental 

in shaping a more environmentally conscious 

and socially responsible built environment for 

future generations. 



Ideal platform solution for high-precision 

survey applications 

Powerful, low-maintenance 

electric winch system 

Cost-effective, high-speed 

survey platform 

Modular design 

1,000 m depth rating 

Flexible and high 

payload capacity 

MacArtney global solutions 

Denmark Norway Sweden United Kingdom France 

Italy Germany Netherlands USA Canada Brazil 

India Singapore China Australia

www.caroni.com.au

SCAN 

PROCESS 

MODEL 

OFFER 

WIN 

MORE 

DISCOVER 

NAVVIS 

VLX 3 

navvis.com/lsp 

Authorized reseller

Africa Surveyors May-June issue 2024

Transform your PDFs into Flipbooks and boost your revenue!

Delete template?

Save as template ?