20220104120928_61d438f8dab61_test_bank_for_journey_across_the_life_span_human_development_and_health_promotion_6th_edition_by_polan_taylor (1)_watermark

Test Bank: Journey Across The Life Span:

Human Development and Health Promotion,

6th Edition Polan

Chapters 1 - 14

Test Bank: Journey Across The Life Span: Human Development and Health

Promotion, 6th Edition Polan

Table of Contents:

Chapter 1. Healthy Lifestyles

Chapter 2. Communication

Chapter 3. Culture

Chapter 4. The Family

Chapter 5. Theories of Growth and Development

Chapter 6. Prenatal Period to 1 Year

Chapter 7. Toddlerhood

Chapter 8. Preschool

Chapter 9. School Age

Chapter 10. Puberty and Adolescence

Chapter 11. Early Adulthood

Chapter 12. Middle Adulthood

Chapter 13. Late Adulthood

Chapter 14. Death and Dying

JOURNEY ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN 6TH EDITION POLAN TEST BANK

Journey Across the Life Span, 6 th Edition Polan Test Bank

Chapter 1: Healthy Lifestyles

1. In early civilization, the cause of illness was attributed to:

a. Infectious disease

b. Microorganisms

c. Contaminated food and water

d. Natural and supernatural forces

Answer: d

Rationale: In early civilization, illness was attributed to natural and supernatural forces.

Nursing Process: Assessment

Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

2. The first understanding of disease processes occurred in (the):

a. Earlycivilization

b. 21st century

c. 19th century

d. Middle Ages

Answer: c

Rationale: In the 19th century, the development of bacteriology helped in the understanding of

disease processes.


3. Despite all of the improvements and advancements in health care, several infectious

diseases have recently resurfaced, including:

a. Strep throat

b. Tuberculosis

c. Polio

d. Mononucleosis

Answer: b

Rationale: Tuberculosis is one of several diseases that have recently resurfaced.

Nursing Process: Planning

Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity


Polan, Journey Across the Life Span, 6e

4. Healthy People 2020 identifies two major goals—eliminating health disparities and:

a. Increasing peace and prosperity

b. Eliminating all diseases

c. Increasing the quality and years of healthy living

d. Limiting population growth

Answer: c

Rationale: Increasing the quality and years of healthy living is one major goal set by Healthy

People 2020.



5. An external force that can affect one’s health is (the):

a. Mind

b. Culture

c. Heredity

d. Hormones

Answer: b

Rationale: Culture is an external force that can have many influences on an individual,

including effects on health.



6. Health promotion is:

a. Goal oriented

b. Natural

c. Unplanned

d. Special

Answer: a

Rationale: Health promotion sets goals leading toward optimal wellness.





7. Mrs. Jackson brings her 6-month-old infant to the clinic for immunization. This action

demonstrates which of the following levels of disease prevention?

a. Primary

b. Secondary

c. Tertiary

d. Rehabilitative

Answer: a

Rationale: Primary prevention is aimed at disease prevention.

Nursing Process: Implementation

Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

8. A future national goal for health care is the:

a. Reduction of services

b. Decrease in managed care

c. Increase in Medicaid contribution

d. Elimination of disparities in health care

Answer: d

Rationale: The national goal for the next decade is health care for all.



9. Inadequate nutrition contributes to diseases such as:

a. Arthritis

b. Lupus

c. Cancer

d. Hearing loss

Answer: c

Rationale: Cancer has been linked to poor nutritional practices.



10. In health promotion, the most important nursing role is:



a. Teaching safe health practices

b. Assessing the individual’s health needs

c. Reducing potential health risk factors

d. Changing established lifestyle

Answer: a

Rationale: An important goal of health promotion is helping individuals learn to make safe

health choices.



11. A healthy person generally:

a. Lacks stability

b. Lacks energy

c. Is in denial

d. Is in harmony

Answer: d

Rationale: Being in harmony, or homeostasis, means that the body can balance healthy and

unhealthy forces.



12. In a health model, the nurse, as a collaborator, is responsible for:

a. Teaching patients about their disease process

b. Sharing and exchanging information with other health professionals

c. Demonstrating desired health behavior

d. Performing daily care needs

Answer: b

Rationale: The nurse acts as a collaborator with other health professionals to promote positive

patient outcomes.





13. Jennifer Joseph, a 60-year-old client, has been instructed by the public health nurse to

begin a program of exercise. You can further explain to Mrs. Joseph that the benefits of

exercise are:

a. An increase in blood supply to muscles and nerves

b. An increase in heart rate and rhythm

c. A decrease in the size of the heart muscle

d. A decrease in blood volume and oxygen demands

Answer: a

Rationale: Exercise helps stimulate increased blood supply, which nourishes muscles and

nerves.



14. Holistic health:

a. Excludes one’s physical well-being

b. Limits consideration of one’s social standing

c. Excludes environmental impact

d. Considers one’s me nNt aUl RwSelIl-NbeGinTgB.COM

Answer: d

Rationale: Holistic practices consider the whole person’s well-being.



15. Which of the following is an example of health restoration?

a. Rehabilitation after surgery to replace a knee joint

b. Immunization against the hepatitis B virus

c. Surgical excision of a breast cyst

d. Closure of an abdominal stoma

Answer: a

Rationale: Health restoration implies rehabilitation to one’s optimal functioning.





16. A major objective of health promotion is:

a. Decreasing one’s stress level

b. Challenging health practices

c. Attaining one’s level of optimal health

d. Providing self-actualization

Answer: c

Rationale: The focus of health promotion is individualized to bring the person to his or her

best potential.



17. The most important goal in health restoration is:

a. Regaining losses

b. Compensating for losses

c. Attaining acceptance

d. Providing sympathy

Answer: b

Rationale: Health restoration assists the person in learning to cope with losses.



18. Which of the following forces has no impact on changing one’s health behavior?

a. Family

b. Social pressures

c. Role models

d. Inherited traits

Answer: d

Rationale: Inherited traits are those transmitted by genes and are out of a person’s control.



19. The stressor most commonly associated with adolescence is:



a. The search for self-worth

b. The search for identity

c. Separation anxiety

d. Birth of a new sibling

Answer: b

Rationale: Adolescents struggle to find out who they are.



20. Based on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, the most stressful event for an adult is:

a. Changing careers

b. Changing residence

c. Divorce

d. Childbirth

Answer: c

Rationale: Divorce has been identified as one of life’s major stressors, in that it breaks up the

family unit.

Nursing Process: Evaluation


21. Virgil Grant, a patient recently diagnosed with AIDS, is having a healthy response to the

stress in his life if he demonstrates which of the following behaviors?

a. Denial

b. Withdrawal

c. Acceptance

d. Aggression

Answer: c

Rationale: The stage known as acceptance indicates that the individual has progressed to the

final stage of the grieving process.



22. Gary Byrd, a 24-year-old college student, tells the nurse that he sometimes uses various

illegal drugs. The nurse can characterize Gary as a substance abuser if he:



a. Continues to be active in college affairs

b. Maintains his self-esteem

c. Begins to lose interest in his relationships

d. Has heightened interest in the opposite sex

Answer: c

Rationale: Substance abuse is characterized by a history of personal problems.



23. The highest percentage of accidents resulting from alcohol use involve:

a. Homicides

b. Drowning

c. Fires

d. Motor vehicles

Answer: d

Rationale: Statistics show that alcohol use is a major cause of motor vehicle accidents.



24. Sandra Gooden has just been told by the doctor that she is pregnant with her first

baby. Which of the following factors will have a negative impact on Sandra’s ability to

maintaingood health during her pregnancy?

a. Poor relationship with her in-laws

b. Community recognition

c. Effective stress management

d. Economic well-being

Answer: a

Rationale: The nuclear family and extended family play an important role in the well-being of

the pregnant woman.





25. The level of health prevention that concentrates on retraining and educating to maximize

the use of remaining capacities is:

a. Primary prevention

b. Secondary prevention

c. Tertiary prevention

d. Disability prevention

Answer: c

Rationale: Tertiary prevention minimizes the effects of long-term disease or disability. With

rehabilitation, clients can reach their highest level of functioning.



26. Preventive care, including immunizations and yearly physical examinations, is classified

as what type of health care service?

a. Primary

b. Secondary

c. Tertiary

d. Collaborative

Answer: a

Rationale: Primary health care services are aimed at disease prevention.



27. National health insurance for persons 65 years and older is known as:

a. Medicaid

b. Medicare

c. Socialized medicine

d. Palliative care

Answer: b

Rationale: Medicare offers health insurance coverage to seniors aged 65 years and older.





28. The nurse recognizes that physiological responses to emotional stress are the result of:

a. Mental illness

b. Autonomic nervous stimulation

c. Powerlessness

d. Shame

Answer: b

Rationale: The brain and autonomic nervous system have a role in the physical changes that

occur during an emotional reaction.



29. The nurse is teaching a community group about disease prevention. She is giving

instructions regarding secondary prevention and correctly includes:

a. Risk factors for heart disease

b. Limiting disability after injury

c. The importance of colorectal screening

d. The use of vitamins and a balanced diet

Answer: c

Rationale: Secondary prevention includes screening for diseases.



30. One of the goals of the Affordable Care Act is:

a. Placing an emphasis on illness

b. Improving the quality of care

c. Focusing on curing rare diseases

d. Holding the client responsible for tending to his or her own health care needs

Answer: b

Rationale: The Affordable Care Act focuses on improving the quality of health care and

making it available to all Americans.


Client Needs: Health Promotion



31. The organization that coordinates global health care issues, such as outbreaks of

infection, is:

a. Healthy People 2020

b. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

c. World Health Organization

d. AARP

Answer: c

Rationale: The World Health Organization is concerned about health issues that occur

throughout the world as well as any emerging and reemerging infections that are a threat to

people worldwide.



32. The most important goal the nurse must meet today in the delivery of health care is:

a. Fostering the client’s recovery from illness

b. Providing the individual rehabilitation from illness

c. Promoting self-care

d. Assisting the individNuaUl RinSaIt tNaiGniTn gB ṫ hCe OhiMghest level of health

Answer: d

Rationale The nurse has many goals in the delivery of care, but the most important is allowing

the individual to achieve his or her highest level of health.



33. The student nurse is providing follow-up teaching to a group of clients on how to maintain

a healthy diet. The student nurse must first understand that which of the following factors can

affect the selection of a healthy diet? (Select all that apply.)

a. Cultural preferences

b. Client’s knowledge level

c. Economic status

d. Access to foods

Answer: a, b, c, d

Rationale: Many factors affect a client’s ability to maintain a healthy diet, including the

availability of stores, types of food available, financial ability to purchase healthy food,

cultural practices, and education level.





34. The plan of care states that an increase in food intake is needed to rebuild and repair cells.

The nurse would increase the client’s intake of:

a. Fish

b. Fruits

c. Cereals

d. Olive oil

Answer: a

Rationale: Foods that are the building blocks for cell repair and growth are proteins. Examples

of proteins include fish, meats, and legumes.



35. The MyPlate guidelines help the individual:

a. Understand that food intake must match energy output

b. Focus on the value of certain foods

c. Use his or her weight to determine food intake

d. Focus on a child’s nutritional needs

Answer: a

Rationale: MyPlate guidelines include portion size, food groups, and the need for exercise in

controlling weight and sustaining a healthy diet.



36. Which of the following describe(s) a type of determinant behavior? (Select all that apply.)

a. Poor diet

b. Unsafe sex

c. Smoking and drug use

Answer: a, b, c

Rationale: There are a number of behaviors that are determinants to health, including lack of

exercise, smoking, drug use, poor nutrition, and unsafe sexual practices.




Client Needs: Psychological Integrity

37. During a postconference, there is an open discussion on the health-promoting goals of

Healthy People 2020. When the nurse instructor summarizes the key points, she is correct if

she states (select all that apply):

f. Economical support for all

g. Elimination of health care disparities

h. Access to preventive health services

i. Free nutritional programs for elderly adults

j. Counseling services for the elderly population

Answer: b, c

Rationale: The overarching goals of Healthy People 2020 are to improve quality of health care

for all Americans and eliminate health care disparities.



38. The nurse is participating in a health promotion workshop at the community church. She

must include which of the following topics? (Select all that apply.)

f. Stress management

g. Regular exercise

h. Limiting nutritional intake

i. Medication support for sleep and rest

j. Sedentary lifestyle to decrease cardiac workload

Answer: a, b

Rationale: Health promotion emphasizes exercise, nutrition, mental health, physical health,

and avoidance of substance abuse.

Nursing Process: Plan


39. Healthy ways of adapting to stress include:

e. Alcohol

f. Humor

g. Drugs



h. Smoking

Answer: b

Rationale: Healthy ways of adapting to stress include relaxation, exercise, and humor.



40. The parent of a 6-year-old who is having problems in school shares with the school nurse

that she took her child to the pediatrician, and he said he is suffering from PTSD. She tells the

nurse she does not understand because she has only heard of PTSD in association with

soldiers after combat. The nurse would best reply:

e. Your son is always fighting when he comes to school

f. PTSD can occur if your son has had a traumatic experience

g. Yes, PTSD only occurs in people who have been in combat

h. This is caused by extreme anxiety and should pass in a few days

Answer: b

Rationale: PTSD can occur in anyone who has experienced a traumatic event, including

violent crimes, motor vehicle accidents, sexual abuse, and combat.



41. A mother is questioning her 2-year-old child’s emotional development. Identify emotions

that are normal in this age group (select all that apply):

f. Frustration

g. Pleasure

h. Anger

i. Anxiety

j. Fear

Answer: a, b

Rationale: A newborn’s emotions are centered around needs for food and comfort, but as a

child gets older, other emotions are seen, including anger, jealousy, happiness, and anxiety.





WTB-02-1

Chapter 2. Communication – Test Questions

1. Communication is the:

a. Last step in the nursing process

b. Most vital link between diagnosis and disease

c. Exchange of information and ideas

d. Basis for all thinking processes

Answer:

2. Part of the communication process is:

a. Emotional

b. Mental

c. Physical

d. Feedback

Answer:

.

3. The person who interprets the message is called the:

a. Sender

b. Receiver

c. Method

d. Process

Answer:

4. A form of verbal communication is:

a. Bodylanguage

b. Gestures

c. Appearance

d. Words

Answer:

5. A professional appearance by the health care worker can communicate:

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WTB-02-2

a. Incompetence

b. Uncaring

c. Pride

d. Acceptance

Answer:

6. Which of the following behaviors by your patient indicates a willingness to communicate?

a. Downcast eyes

b. Face toward you

c. Legs tightly crossed

d. Slumping posture

Answer:

7. Which of the following describes nonverbal behavior? Select all that apply.

Formatted: Font: Italic

a. Gestures

b. Spoken word

c. Tone of voice .

d. Aggressive style

Answer:

8. Periods of silence during the communication process allow the health care worker to:

a. Redirect the patient

b. Observe nonverbal behavior

c. Relieve the patient’s anxiety

d. Minimize rejection

Answer:

9. The communication style that serves to empower the individual is:

a. Assertive

b. Unassertive

c. Aggressive

d. Passive

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WTB-02-3

Answer:

10. Therapeutic communication:

a. Serves the needs of both participants

b. Involves equal sharing of thoughts and feelings

c. Is light and superficial in nature

d. Promotes trust and a good rapport

Answer:

11. Active listening requires an active mind and:

a. Closed posture

b. Leaning forward toward the patient

c. Staring intently at the patient

d. Sitting alongside the patient

Answer:

.

12. Being yourself as well as being open and truthful describes:

a. Warmth

b. Listening

c. Genuineness

d. Positive regard

Answer:

13. Understanding the patient’s feelings and viewing the world as the patient does describe:

a. Sympathy

b. Empathy

c. Positive regard

d. Congruence

Answer:

14. Agreement between spoken words and body language describes:

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WTB-02-4

a. Congruence

b. Empathy

c. Positive regard

d. Validation

Answer:

15. Gaining insight into your personal feelings is an example of:

a. Empathy

b. Biases

c. Proxemics

d. Self-awareness

Answer:

16. You observe Sally communicating with 80-year-old Gerry, who is hearing impaired. The

technique used is satisfactory if Sally:

a. Speaks to Gerry from his doorway

b. Speaks to Gerry in a loud tone .

c. Speaks with Gerry in a darkened room

d. Asks Gerry for feedback verbally or in writing

Answer:

17. You overhear Jane telling her mother that she is afraid to ride over the bridge, and Jane’s

mother responds, “Don’t be silly. Let’s go.” This is an example of:

a. Stereotyping

b. Belittling

c. Giving advice

d. Giving false reassurance

Answer:

18. Mary, an elderly patient in the nursing home, states, “They are not doing anything to help

me.” Your best response would be:

a. “Don’t worry. You will feel better soon.”

b. “What do you want us to do?”

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WTB-02-5

c. “We are taking good care of you.”

d. “Describe when you began feeling this way.”

Answer:

19. John, age 54, is admitted for day surgery and is anxious and tense prior to the procedure.

How would you respond?

a. “Calm down. You will be fine.”

b. “You will only need light anesthesia.”

c. “You’re not dying. Why are you thinking this way?”

d. “You seem to be concerned about the surgery.”

Answer:

20. After completing morning care for Sarah, an 83-year-old patient in the nursing home, she

states, “You are the only one who takes the time to care for me.” Your best response would

be:

a. “You are still complaining, Sarah.”

b. “You feel others don’t take the t i me ?N” URSINGTB.COM

c. “You are such a worrier.”

d. “Sarah, you know that’s not true.”

Answer:

21. Which of the following questions is open-ended and would best help a person describe his

or her pain?

a. “Do you have a lot of pain?”

b. “Does it hurt when you walk?”

c. “Is your pain sharp?”

d. “Describe what your pain is like.”

Answer:

22. The caregiver notices that one of her patients is in her room crying. The caregiver’s best

response is:

a. “I’m sure things will get better.”

b. “A good cry will make you feel better.”

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WTB-02-6

c. “It may help to talk about what is upsetting you.”

d. “Crying is just a waste of time.”

Answer:

23. Your patient is usually very verbal. Today, you note that she is withdrawn and quiet. The

best caregiver action is to:

a. Allow the patient to have privacy and time alone.

b. Attempt to offer light, superficial conversation.

c. State that “you need to talk about your problems.”

d. Spend time with her and continue to observe her behavior.

Answer:

24. The caregiver says, “I’m not sure of the answer to your question.” This response indicates

that the caregiver is:

a. Evasive

b. Uninformed

c. Genuine .

d. Nontherapeutic

Answer:

25. Touching a client suddenly without warning may be interpreted as:

a. Affectionate

b. Invasive

c. Empathic

d. Comforting

Answer:

26. Telling a client that you know exactly what the client is going through is an example of:

a. False reassurance

b. Giving advice

c. Stereotyping

d. Agreeing

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WTB-02-7

Answer:

27. When a health care worker changes the subject during a patient interaction, the result may:

a. Foster support of the client

b. Reduce the health care worker’s anxiety

c. Add emphasis to the message

d. Build trust

Answer:

28. Which of the following influence(s) how a message is interpreted when a nurse is

communicating with a patient? (Select all that apply.)

a. Age

b. Feelings

c. Gender

d. Attitude

e. Past experience

Answer: .

29. Which of the following comments would be nontherapeutic? (Select all that apply.)

a. “You should stop smoking.”

b. “Why are you always complaining?”

c. “I think you are making the right decision.”

d. “How are you feeling about this?”

e. “Let’s talk about happier times.”

Answer:

30. A nurse promotes effective communication with patients by using principles of:

a. Empathy

b. Submissiveness

c. Power

d. Control

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WTB-02-8

Answer:

31. A nurse is utilizing the best techniques of therapeutic communication with a patient

experiencing a stressful event when she:

a. Asks her to explain why she is behaving like that

b. Sits with the client in quiet support

c. Asks her to be quiet and thoughtful

d. Isolates the patient from others

Answer:

32. A nurse has achieved the highest level of practice in the art of therapeutic communication

when he (select all that apply):

a. Supports the client’s coping skills

b. Explores his feelings

c. Asks family members to keep the patient calm

d. Shares his feelings with the patient

e. Feels his goals and needs are met.Answer:

33. Touch is a powerful tool that a nurse can use in many situations; it can be used to (select

all that apply):

a. Complement verbal communication

b. Demonstrate caring

c. Show empathy

d. Offer reassurance

e. Restrain an anxious patient

Answer:

Chapter 2. Communication – Test Questions With Answers and Rationales

1. Communication is the:

a. Last step in the nursing process

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WTB-02-9

b. Most vital link between diagnosis and disease

c. Exchange of information and ideas

d. Basis for all thinking processes

Answer: c

Rationale: Communication is the basic exchange of ideas and information between

individuals.



2. Part of the communication process is:

a. Emotional

b. Mental

c. Physical

d. Feedback

Answer: d

Rationale: Feedback is the part of the communication process in which a response is given to

the message.

.



3. The person who interprets the message is called the:

a. Sender

b. Receiver

c. Method

d. Process

Answer: b

Rationale: The receiver is the person to whom the message is sent.



4. A form of verbal communication is:

a. Bodylanguage

b. Gestures

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WTB-02-10

c. Appearance

d. Words

Answer: d

Rationale: Verbal communication uses words in speech or in writing.



5. A professional appearance by the health care worker can communicate:

a. Incompetence

b. Uncaring

c. Pride

d. Acceptance

Answer: c

Rationale: A person’s appearance sends a message about how one feels about oneself.



.

6. Which of the following behaviors by your patient indicates a willingness to communicate?

a. Downcast eyes

b. Face toward you

c. Legs tightly crossed

d. Slumping posture

Answer: b

Rationale: Facing a person when communicating with him or her indicates that you are

listening and focused on the person you are speaking to.



7. Which of the following describes nonverbal behavior?

a. Gestures

b. Spoken word

c. Tone of voice

d. Aggressive style

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WTB-02-11

Answer: a, c

Rationale: Nonverbal behavior uses gestures, and body language, and tone of voice to convey

thoughts or feelings.



8. Periods of silence during the communication process allow the health care worker to:

a. Redirect the patient

b. Observe nonverbal behavior

c. Relieve the patient’s anxiety

d. Minimize rejection

Answer: a

Rationale: Periods of silence during communication can be useful, in that theyallow the

person to think over what was said or what he or she is feeling.



9. The communication style that serves to empower the individual is:

a. Assertive

b. Unassertive

c. Aggressive

d. Passive

Answer: a

Rationale: Assertive individuals are able to express their feelings with confidence.



.

10. Therapeutic communication:

a. Serves the needs of both participants

b. Involves equal sharing of thoughts and feelings

c. Is light and superficial in nature

d. Promotes trust and a good rapport

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WTB-02-12

Answer: d

Rationale: Therapeutic communication promotes trust by using honesty.



11. Active listening requires an active mind and:

a. Closed posture

b. Leaning forward toward the patient

c. Staring intently at the patient

d. Sitting alongside the patient

Answer: b

Rationale: Active listening requires a posture indicating that you are focused on the patient

and on what he or she is saying.



12. Being yourself as well as being open NanUd tRruSthfIulNdeGscTribBes.: COM

a. Warmth

b. Listening

c. Genuineness

d. Positive regard

Answer: c

Rationale: Genuineness implies that the person is honest and sincere.



13. Understanding the patient’s feelings and viewing the world as the patient does describe:

a. Sympathy

b. Empathy

c. Positive regard

d. Congruence

Answer: b

Rationale: Empathy suggests that you can put yourself in the other person’s shoes.

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WTB-02-13



14. Agreement between spoken words and body language describes:

a. Congruence

b. Empathy

c. Positive regard

d. Validation

Answer: a

Rationale: Congruence occurs when the verbal and nonverbal messages are in harmony.



15. Gaining insight into your personal feelings is an example of:

a. Empathy

b. Biases .

c. Proxemics

d. Self-awareness

Answer: d

Rationale: Self-awareness, or insight, allows a person to understand the ways in which he or

she feels, thinks, or acts.



16. You observe Sally communicating with 80-year-old Gerry, who is hearing impaired. The

technique used is satisfactory if Sally:

a. Speaks to Gerry from his doorway

b. Speaks to Gerry in a loud tone

c. Speaks with Gerry in a darkened room

d. Asks Gerry for feedback verbally or in writing

Answer: d

Rationale: Seeking clarification, or feedback, makes certain that the person understood what

was said.

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WTB-02-14



17. You overhear Jane telling her mother that she is afraid to ride over the bridge, and Jane’s

mother responds, “Don’t be silly. Let’s go.” This is an example of:

a. Stereotyping

b. Belittling

c. Giving advice

d. Giving false reassurance

Answer: b

Rationale: Belittling tends to make light of a person’s fears or beliefs.



18. Mary, an elderly patient in the nursing home, states, “They are not doing anything to help

me.” Your best response would be:

.

a. “Don’t worry. You will feel better soon.”

b. “What do you want us to do?”

c. “We are taking good care of you.”

d. “Describe when you began feeling this way.”

Answer: d

Rationale: The technique that uses clarification attempts to seek information necessary to

better understand what is said.



19. John, age 54, is admitted for day surgery and is anxious and tense during the procedure.

How would you respond?

a. “Calm down. You will be fine.”

b. “You will only need light anesthesia.”

c. “You’re not dying. Why are you thinking this way?”

d. “You seem to be concerned about the surgery.”

Answer: d

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Rationale: Using reflection, you can state your perception of the patient’s message.



20. After completing morning care for Sarah, an 83-year-old patient in the nursing home, she

states, “You are the only one who takes the time to care for me.” Your best response would

be:

a. “You are still complaining, Sarah.”

b. “You feel others don’t take the time?”

c. “You are such a worrier.”

d. “Sarah, you know that’s not true.”

Answer: b

Rationale: Communication is the best when it attempts to clarify what the person is really

saying.



.

21. Which of the following questions is open-ended and would best help a person describe his

or her pain?

a. “Do you have a lot of pain?”

b. “Does it hurt when you walk?”

c. “Is your pain sharp?”

d. “Describe what your pain is like.”

Answer: d

Rationale: Open-ended questions help individuals describe their feelings.



22. The caregiver notices that one of her patients is in her room crying. The caregiver’s best

response is:

a. “I’m sure things will get better.”

b. “A good cry will make you feel better.”

c. “It may help to talk about what is upsetting you.”

d. “Crying is just a waste of time.”

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Answer: c

Rationale: Listening is a valuable tool that helps individuals express their feelings.



23. Your patient is usually very verbal. Today, you note that she is withdrawn and quiet. The

best caregiver action is to:

a. Allow the patient to have privacy and time alone.

b. Attempt to offer light, superficial conversation.

c. State that “you need to talk about your problems.”

d. Spend time with her and continue to observe her behavior.

Answer: d

Rationale: Observation while spending time with an individual values the person.



.

24. The caregiver says, “I’m not sure of the answer to your question.” This response indicates

that the caregiver is:

a. Evasive

b. Uninformed

c. Genuine

d. Nontherapeutic

Answer: c

Rationale: Genuineness is being open and truthful.



25. Touching a client suddenly without warning may be interpreted as:

a. Affectionate

b. Invasive

c. Empathic

d. Comforting

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Answer: b

Rationale: Sudden, unexpected touch may be interpreted as invasive or aggressive.



26. Telling a client that you know exactly what the client is going through is an example of:

a. False reassurance

b. Giving advice

c. Stereotyping

d. Agreeing

Answer: c

Rationale: Stereotyping offers an insincere, superficial statement that is based on the belief

that all individuals have the same feelings.



27. When a health care worker changes t hNe Us uRbj eSc tIdNuriGn gTa Bpa.ti eCn tOi nMt e rac tion, the result may:

a. Foster support of the client

b. Reduce the health care worker’s anxiety

c. Add emphasis to the message

d. Build trust

Answer: b

Rationale: Changing the subject during a client interaction may block communication and

reduce the caregiver’s anxiety.



28. Which of the following influence(s) how a message is interpreted when a nurse is

communicating with a patient? (Select all that apply.)

a. Age

b. Feelings

c. Gender

d. Attitude

e. Past experience

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Answer: a, b, c, d, e

Rationale: A message is best interpreted when all these factors are used.



29. Which of the following comments would be nontherapeutic? (Select all that apply.)

a. “You should stop smoking.”

b. “Why are you always complaining?”

c. “I think you are making the right decision.”

d. “How are you feeling about this?”

e. “Let’s talk about happier times.”

Answer: a, b, c, e

Rationale: Belittling, changing the subject, agreeing, and asking closed-ended questions are

all considered blocks or nontherapeutic techniques.



.

30. A nurse promotes effective communication with patients by using principles of:

a. Empathy

b. Submissiveness

c. Power

d. Control

Answer: a

Rationale: For communication to be effective, the health care worker must show warmth,

empathy, and interest and be attentive to what the patient is saying and feeling.



31. A nurse is utilizing the best techniques of therapeutic communication with a patient

experiencing a stressful event when she:

a. Asks her to explain why she is behaving like that

b. Sits with the client in quiet support

c. Asks her to be quiet and thoughtful

d. Isolates the patient from others

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Answer: b

Rationale: In a stressful event where words are not enough, a nurse supports a patient by

offering themselves.



32. A nurse has achieved the highest level of practice in the art of therapeutic communication

when he (select all that apply):

a. Supports the client’s coping skills

b. Explores his feelings

c. Asks family members to keep the patient calm

d. Shares his feelings with the patient

e. Feels his goals and needs are met

Answer: a, b

Rationale: A nurse has attained the highest level of communication when they follow the six

principles of therapeutic communication: Listening, attentiveness, warmth, genuineness,

empathy, and positive regard. .



33. Touch is a powerful tool that a nurse can use in many situations; it can be used to (select

all that apply):

a. Complement verbal communication

b. Demonstrate caring

c. Show empathy

d. Offer reassurance

e. Restrain an anxious patient

Answer: a, b, c, d

Rationale: Touch can evoke positive responses and can be used to place emphasis on the

verbal message, demonstrate caring, show empathy, and offer reassurance.



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Chapter 3. Culture – Test Questions

1. Which of the following is not a function of culture?

a. Guides the way we communicate

b. Determines our selection of health care options

c. Determines what we can achieve

d. Guides our interpretation of illness

Answer:

2. The purpose of transcultural nursing is to:

a. Decrease the need for hospitalization

b. Promote patient satisfaction

c. Increase home care effectiveness

d. Promote dependency

Answer:

.

3. The way we view social concerns and problems in the culture is termed cultural:

a. Beliefs

b. Values

c. Clarification

d. Sensitivity

Answer:

4. The way we greet each other within a culture is an example of:

a. Folkways

b. Mores

c. Laws

d. Sanctions

Answer:

5. Race categorizes a person by:

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a. Religion

b. Physical characteristics

c. Disease susceptibility

d. Financial status

Answer:

6. Learning about a patient’s ancestry is termed cultural:

a. Awareness

b. Sensitivity

c. Mores

d. Diversity

Answer:

7. The health care worker who believes that his or her values and ways of life are superior to

those of the patient is practicing:

a. Ethnocentrism

b. Cultural awareness .

c. Cultural sensitivity

d. Cultural mores

Answer:

8. When a person migrates to another country and takes on the practices of the dominant

culture, this is considered:

a. Assimilation

b. Individualism

c. Paternalism

d. Ethnocentrism

Answer:

9. A 70-year-old patient admitted to the nursing home speaks with a distinct accent. To

determine his cultural or ethnic origin, you would:

a. Assume this based on his accent

b. Assume this based on his name

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c. Assume this based on his religion

d. Ask him directly

Answer:

10. In caring for patients from different cultures, a nurse must understand that culture is:

a. A learned pattern of behavior

b. The motivating principle behind all our thinking

c. Less dominant as we age

d. Irrelevant in planning a person’s health needs

Answer:

11. Failure to understand and develop cultural awareness may lead to:

a. A misperception of a person’s feelings and responses

b. Culturally congruent care

c. Effective cultural communication

d. Adaptation of a new culture

.

Answer:

12. Deeply embedded feelings that help individuals determine what is good or bad and right

or wrong are referred to as:

a. Mores

b. Norms

c. Folkways

d. Values

Answer:

13. Differences in skin color, as seen in different races, are thought to be the result of

differences in:

a. Climate and skin pigmentation

b. Diet and genetics

c. Exercise and skin pigmentation

d. Gender and genetics

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Answer:

14. The best time to introduce racial and ethnic tolerance is:

a. Adulthood

b. Adolescence

c. Early childhood

d. Middle age

Answer:

15. Mrs. Gonzales is 10 weeks pregnant, and she tells the nurse that she has not had a visit to a

medical doctor. She explains that her people prefer to use a partera for pregnancy and

delivery. Which of the following responses is most culturally sensitive?

a. “You should have more confidence in our physicians on staff.”

b. “I would strongly suggest you consider using a medical doctor who has specialized

in pregnancy.”

c. “It is your decision, and please let me know if there is anything I can do to assist

you.”

d. “The maternal and inNfaUnRt SmIorNtaGliTtyBrȧtCesOaMre lower in the United States compared

with other countries that do not use trained medical doctors.”

Answer:

16. A nurse notices that a Jewish patient on her unit is in his room lighting a Shabbat candle

on Friday night. The culturally sensitive response by the nurse would be:

a. “You are not permitted to have lit candles in this facility.”

b. “The fire code prohibits anyone from doing this in his or her room.”

c. “Didn’t you realize you could cause a serious fire in the facility?”

d. “Let me find out if you can light this candle in the chapel downstairs.”

Answer:

17. When caring for a patient from a different culture, the health care worker should respect

the fact that:

a. An individual’s decisions are always determined by his or her culture.

b. Culture totally defines one’s health care needs.

c. Food habits are always controlled by culture.

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d. Male and female roles are often influenced by culture.

Answer:

18. The theory of transcultural nursing was proposed by:

a. Jean Watson

b. Abraham Maslow

c. Jean Piaget

d. Madeleine Leininger

Answer:

19. A client refuses to have any chemotherapy to treat his confirmed malignancy. He tells the

nurse that his family is bringing him an herbal potion that is used in his home country. He is

convinced this will cure him. The nurse’s best response is:

a. “This is the 21st century; we have better medicines here.”

b. “Do you really want to die?”

c. “Can you describe what this potion is made of?”

d. “I doubt that some olNdUreRmSeId GcaTnBrėaCllyOMheal you.”

Answer:

20. A nurse understands that cultural values and practices:

a. Change as the individual ages

b. Never change over time

c. Are inherited, genetic characteristics

d. Are passed down through generations

Answer:

21. The key to understanding how a client responds to illness is understanding his or her:

a. Birth order

b. Response to stress

c. Culture

d. Response to aging

Answer:

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22. Learning one’s culture through observation or instructions from elders within the culture

is called:

a. Diffusion

b. Acculturation

c. Enculturation

d. Globalization

Answer:

23. An individual is able to learn about the culture he or she is born into because humans have

the ability to think:

a. Constructively

b. Reflectively

c. Individually

d. Symbolically

Answer:

.

24. Which of the following is a similarity found in all cultures?

a. Political organization

b. Health practices

c. Social controls

d. Family size

Answer:

25. A nurse would expect that the greatest amount of change seen within a culture is the result

of:

a. Borrowed cultural practice

b. War

c. Peace

d. Famine

Answer:

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26. The most important symbol in a culture is:

a. Language

b. Art

c. Food

d. Dress

Answer:

27. Which of the following gives a culture stability and security over time?

a. Learned behavior

b. Integrated social patterns

c. Shared traditions

d. Adaptation

Answer:

28. The ability to learn a language is based on a person’s:

a. Culture .

b. Biological makeup

c. Socialization

d. Religious practice

Answer:

29. Cultural competence requires that the health care worker (select all that apply):

a. Learn about diverse cultures

b. Take on and practice the client’s culture

c. Be critical of all aspects of minority cultural groups

d. Engage in continuous self-evaluation

Answer:

30. A nursing student asks the nurse instructor to explain the goal of transcultural nursing. The

instructor correctly states:

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a. The nurse supports the patient’s lifestyle changes

b. Care must include the key values of the patient’s culture

c. The nurse’s assumption of the patient’s needs is primary

d. The patient must be able to interpret their own health care needs

Answer:

31. The process of borrowing cultural elements from another culture and incorporating them

into your own culture best describes:

a. Acculturation

b. Enculturation

c. Diffusion

d. Adaptation

Answer:

32. A health care worker is caring for a patient who is visiting the United States for the first

time. The patient sustained internal injuries after an accident and was hospitalized. To deliver

competent care, it would be most appropriate to (select all that apply):

.

a. Tell the patient she will be all right because you share similar beliefs

b. Ask the patient if she has any special needs

c. Be aware that the patient’s nonverbal cues may be different from your own

d. Understand that the patient’s pain tolerance may differ from your own

e. Tell the patient the faster she tries to learn this culture, the easier her hospitalization will

be

Answer:

33. When teaching a new Hispanic mother how to change the diaper of and provide skin care

to her newborn, the nurse finds a copper coin placed on the umbilicus. Which of the following

should the nurse do next?

a. Remove the coin and remain silent

b. Leave the coin in place and remove it in the nursery

c. Ask the mother about the meaning of the coin on the umbilicus

d. Tell the mother that her baby can develop a serious infection from a dirty copper coin

Answer:

Chapter 2. Culture – Test Questions With Answers and Rationales

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WTB-03-9

1. Which of the following is not a function of culture?

a. Guides the way we communicate

b. Determines our selection of health care options

c. Determines what we can achieve

d. Guides our interpretation of illness

Answer: c

Rationale: Individual achievement is based on many factors, culture being one of them.



2. The purpose of transcultural nursing is to:

a. Decrease the need for hospitalization

b. Promote patient satisfaction

c. Increase home care effectiveness

d. Promote dependency

.

Answer: b

Rationale: Transcultural nursing reaches globally, in that it promotes the concept of “one

world, many cultures.”



3. The way we view social concerns and problems in the culture is termed cultural:

a. Beliefs

b. Values

c. Clarification

d. Sensitivity

Answer: d

Rationale: To correctly view social concerns and problems, one must be sensitive to the

cultural dynamics of the people.



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4. The way we greet each other within a culture is an example of:

a. Folkways

b. Mores

c. Laws

d. Sanctions

Answer: a

Rationale: Different cultures use different methods to greet one another. These methods are

called folkways.



5. Race categorizes a person by:

a. Religion

b. Physical characteristics

c. Disease susceptibility

d. Financial status

.

Answer: b

Rationale: There are distinctive physical characteristics common to each race.



6. Learning about a patient’s ancestry is termed cultural:

a. Awareness

b. Sensitivity

c. Mores

d. Diversity

Answer: a

Rationale: Cultural awareness refers to becoming familiar with another person’s ancestry and

history. This helps one understand—not offend—another individual.



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7. The health care worker who believes that his or her values and ways of life are superior to

those of the patient is practicing:

a. Ethnocentrism

b. Cultural awareness

c. Cultural sensitivity

d. Cultural mores

Answer: a

Rationale: Tolerance and understanding of someone’s culture and practices avoid

ethnocentrism.



8. When a person migrates to another country and takes on the practices of the dominant

culture, this is considered:

a. Assimilation

b. Individualism

c. Paternalism

d. Ethnocentrism .

Answer: a

Rationale: Assimilation is the practice of adopting new cultural practices common to other

cultures.



9. A 70-year-old patient admitted to the nursing home speaks with a distinct accent. To

determine his cultural or ethnic origin, you would:

a. Assume this based on his accent

b. Assume this based on his name

c. Assume this based on his religion

d. Ask him directly

Answer: d

Rationale: To be sure of a person’s cultural background, one should ask and not assume.



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10. In caring for patients from different cultures, a nurse must understand that culture is:

a. A learned pattern of behavior

b. The motivating principle behind all our thinking

c. Less dominant as we age

d. Irrelevant in planning a person’s health needs

Answer: a

Rationale: Understanding different cultures helps the health care worker better understand

how the patient views health and illness.



11. Failure to understand and develop cultural awareness may lead to:

a. A misperception of a person’s feelings and responses

b. Culturally congruent care

c. Effective cultural communication

d. Adaptation of a newNcuUltRuSreINGTB.COM

Answer: a

Rationale: A lack of cultural awareness may result in a misunderstanding of a patient’s

feelings and responses.



12. Deeply embedded feelings that help individuals determine what is good or bad and right

or wrong are referred to as:

a. Mores

b. Norms

c. Folkways

d. Values

Answer: d

Rationale: Values are deeply embedded feelings that form the foundation and direction of

one’s actions and feelings.


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13. Differences in skin color, as seen in different races, are thought to be the result of

differences in:

a. Climate and skin pigmentation

b. Diet and genetics

c. Exercise and skin pigmentation

d. Gender and genetics

Answer: a

Rationale: Theorists ascribe differences in skin color to adaptation to physical elements, such

as climate, that either increase or decrease skin pigmentation.



14. The best time to introduce racial and ethnic tolerance is:

a. Adulthood

b. Adolescence

c. Early childhood

d. Middle age

.

Answer: c

Rationale: To foster racial and ethnic tolerance, prejudice education should be introduced at

an early age.



15. Mrs. Gonzales is 10 weeks pregnant, and she tells the nurse that she has not had a visit to a

medical doctor. She explains that her people prefer to use a partera for pregnancy and

delivery. Which of the following responses is most culturally sensitive?

a. “You should have more confidence in our physicians on staff.”

b. “I would strongly suggest you consider using a medical doctor who has specialized

in pregnancy.”

c. “It is your decision, and please let me know if there is anything I can do to assist

you.”

d. “The maternal and infant mortality rates are lower in the United States compared

with other countries that do not use trained medical doctors.”

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Answer: c

Rationale: The nurse is correct to support the decision of the patient.



16. A nurse notices that a Jewish patient on her unit is in his room lighting a Shabbat candle

on Friday night. The culturally sensitive response by the nurse would be:

a. “You are not permitted to have lit candles in this facility.”

b. “The fire code prohibits anyone from doing this in his or her room.”

c. “Didn’t you realize you could cause a serious fire in the facility?”

d. “Let me find out if you can light this candle in the chapel downstairs.”

Answer: d

Rationale: The nurse tries to support the needs and practices of her patient.



.

17. When caring for a patient from a different culture, the health care worker should respect

the fact that:

a. An individual’s decisions are always determined by his or her culture.

b. Culture totally defines one’s health care needs.

c. Food habits are always controlled by culture.

d. Male and female roles are often influenced by culture.

Rationale: d

Rationale: Male and female roles are influenced by cultural beliefs.



18. The theory of transcultural nursing was proposed by:

a. Jean Watson

b. Abraham Maslow

c. Jean Piaget

d. Madeleine Leininger

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Answer: d

Rationale: Madeleine Leininger is credited with the theory of transcultural nursing.



19. A client refuses to have any chemotherapy to treat his confirmed malignancy. He tells the

nurse that his family is bringing him an herbal potion that is used in his home country. He is

convinced this will cure him. The nurse’s best response is:

a. “This is the 21st century; we have better medicines here.”

b. “Do you really want to die?”

c. “Can you describe what this potion is made of?”

d. “I doubt that some old remedy can really heal you.”

Answer: c

Rationale: Caregivers must take into account a client’s specific cultural remedies.



.

20. A nurse understands that cultural values and practices:

a. Change as the individual ages

b. Never change over time

c. Are inherited, genetic characteristics

d. Are passed down through generations

Answer: d

Rationale: Cultural values and practices are learned and passed down through generations.



21. The key to understanding how a client responds to illness is understanding his or her:

a. Birth order

b. Response to stress

c. Culture

d. Response to aging

Answer: c

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