Operation Energy Neighbourhoods
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operation
energy
neighbourhoods
dec
2024
Come in! We are opening our
workroom to collaborate on
societal issues that no one
can solve on their own within
their discipline or field.
The energy transition in existing neighbourhoods is one such
issue: engineers are developing smart systems, local authorities
are drawing up heat plans and urban renewal projects,
economists are drafting a tax shift, sociocultural organizations
are listening to what vulnerable families need, and developers
are putting together a housing and energy offer. But if their
efforts aren’t brought together in a single logic, each of these
will fail. That is what is happening today: between plans and
their execution lies a yawning implementation gap. And that
gap is one we can only bridge if we design new connections
together, from the middle ground between different disciplines
and actors. That is one of the greatest creative tasks of our time.
That is what this workroom is for.
In OPERATION ENERGY NEIGHBOURHOODS, we stand on
the shoulders of international comparative research projects
and many local experiments in Flanders, Brussels and beyond.
These test various approaches to the energy transition of our
existing neighbourhoods. This exhibition charts their ongoing
work and formulates, on this basis, seven simultaneous action
fronts for ‘Energy Neighbourhoods’. Together they form an
implementation framework connecting technical advances with
social, legal, financial and policy breakthroughs.
But this action agenda isn’t finished. Pick up a booklet and grab
a pen! Based on your amendments and additions, we will rewrite
the agenda at the end of February. We will then present it as a
shared proposal to politicians, to different sectors, to citizens. It
is time for a shared initiative from the middle ground.
Time for an operation!
‘Winners vs. losers’ Gent Muide-Meulestede
© Bob Van Mol
From a
houseby-house
energy
transition
that is
reaching
its limit ...
We face a huge task to reduce
CO 2
and other greenhouse gas
emissions to zero. The (existing)
built environment plays an
important role in this.
Evolution of greenhouse gas emissions in Belgium (-16% since 2020) and the range between the outlook if we
continue the current policy and the targets set (until 2050)
MTCO 2
eq
150
-16%
100
-40%
1990 2023 2030
0
2050
36%
of all energyrelated
emissions in
the EU are linked to
buildings
40%
of all energy
consumption in
the EU goes to
buildings
75%
of existing
buildings in the EU
are insufficiently
efficient
16%
of primary residential
energy consumption
in the EU has to be
reduced by 2030
The current renovation approach,
on a house-by-house basis,
is too slow. At the same time,
the switch to fossil-free heating
is not happening enough.
Current distribution of EPC labels in Flanders (left) and the monitoring path that allows progress to be
measured per legislature
25,2%
99%
11%
F
E
D
15%
C
20%
B
21%
A
A
7,8%
2023
2050
4%
1%
9%
471
of all homes in
Belgium have an A
label (7% in Flanders,
2% in Wallonia, 1% in
Brussels)
or less of Belgian
homes are
renovated each
year, instead of the
required 3%
of the heating and
cooling of Belgian
buildings is based
on fossil-free
systems
homes should be
renovated every day
in Belgium
Moreover, not everyone is
naturally on board with this
approach. In fact, the energy
transition threatens to widen
the social divide.
Absolute (bars) and cumulative (line) distribution of the number of homeowners in Flanders who have a certain
financial deficit or surplus for an energy renovation (without renovation for purposes of comfort)
100%
90%
80%
51%
70%
60%
27%
23%
50%
40%
13%
30%
9%
6%
3%
3%
5%
4%
7%
20%
10%
-∞
-50K
-25K
-12,5K
-6,3K
0
12,5K
25K
50K
100K
51%
4%
20%
65%
of Flemish
homeowners can’t
afford an energy
renovation (50% in
Wallonia, 39% in
Brussels)
of Belgian
homeowners
have enough with
current premiums
for an energy
renovation
Belgian
households live in
energy poverty
of energy premiums
go to households
that could also
renovate without a
premium
... to the
promise
of a
neighbourhood
approach
A neighbourhood approach
is more energy efficient.
P2
P3
P4
return pipe
borefield
GS
HP
WT2
V1
STC
supply pipe
STCs
WT1
STC
return pipe
supply pipe
Several local heat sources can be connected together on
a neighbourhood scale in a single system. As a result, the
most efficient source is tapped at any time. Heat and cold
demands can balance each other out. And in a collective
system, less buffer capacity is needed per customer, so
less heat is lost. But electricity can also be exchanged
and stored locally, which means less energy has to pass
through the regional grid.
The hydraulic diagram shows heat
production at De Schipjes in Bruges
(BE), where a combination of a
borehole, solar thermal panels and airwater
heat pumps is used to achieve
an optimal energy balance.
A neighbourhood approach
is cheaper.
0 years
50 years 100 years
sewerage
N+60 years
roads concrete
N+50 years
roads cobblestone
N+80 years
lighting
N+40 years
A single collective investment is more interesting than
a series of small individual ones. It makes it possible to
invest in systems with a longer lifespan. These cost more
up front, but are cheaper in the long run. Moreover,
measures can be carried out in a bundled way, such as
a heat network, sewer replacement and climate-robust
street reconstruction; as a result, costs for opening up
the street or administrative charges, for instance, only
have to be incurred once.
In Leiden (NL), the cycles by which
various investments are made in the
public space are aligned, allowing the
works to take place simultaneously and
enabling cost saving of 30%.
A neighbourhood approach
is more inclusive.
Whether in an apartment building, street, city block or
neighbourhood, neighbours with all kinds of backgrounds
and desires live together. Some are tenants, others don’t
have the time or resources to take steps in the energy
transition themselves, or don’t have the space for solar
panels or a heat pump. Within a collective approach,
we can focus on involving these people, both through
targeted support and by connecting them to collective
energy systems.
The map identifies the buildings in the
Northern Quarter of Brussels (BE) with
high energy consumption, high heat
loss and high risk of energy poverty.
A neighbourhood like this requires an
inclusive, collective approach.
A neighbourhood approach
enables customization and
integration.
bio
aqua
geo
The neighbourhood is more than the sum of bricks, insulation
materials, energy systems and other infrastructures.
It is a living environment and a living community with specific
characteristics, challenges and ambitions. Contrary
to generic rules and incentives, a collective approach on
a neighbourhood scale allows for customization. Thus,
investments in the energy and climate transition become
a lever for the wider future project of and for the neighbourhood,
building on specific features, social networks
and dynamics.
In Bospolder-Tussendijken (BoTu)
in Rotterdam (NL), the potential for local
heat sources is aligned with the existing
social networks. Both are building
blocks of the integrated future project
BoTu 2018–2028.
A growing number of
energy neighbourhood
tests...
This map shows the growing number of ‘Energy
Neighbourhoods’ in our Eurodelta. Network
organizations, knowledge centres and advisory bodies
are advocating collective, place-based solutions. Local
authorities, developers and citizen cooperatives are
trying out pieces of it in practice. They aren’t exploring
this integrated and collective approach on the basis
of an ideological standpoint. Rather, it is a matter of
pragmatism and necessity: to fit all investments within a
limited space and tight budgets, and to get everyone on
board. A movement is getting under way!
14
30
Klimaatwijk Ter Elst,
Leuven (BE)
1 18
Constantin Meunierstraat,
Leuven (BE)
2 19
Energie in de Parkwijk,
Turnhout (BE)
3 20
Klimaatwijk Sint-Gillis,
Bruges (BE)
4 21
Muide-Meulestede Fossielvrij,
Ghent (BE)
5 22
Wonderland,
Temse (BE)
6 23
Bloemenwijk,
Zoersel (BE)
7 24
Warmte Verzilverd,
Mortsel (BE)
8 25
Collectieve wijkrenovatie
Oude Cité, Beringen (BE)
9 26
Klimaatcontract Linkeroever
2030, Antwerp (BE)
10 27
Klimaatwijk Mechelse Vesten,
Mechelen (BE)
11 28
Warmtenet Oostende,
Ostend (BE)
12 29
oPEN Lab Nieuw Texas and
Waterschei-Noord, Genk (BE)
13 30
14
Georgian District,
Limerick (IE)
Renovatie Broek,
Vilvoorde (BE)
De Schipjes,
Bruges (BE)
Vaartwarmte Marie Thumas,
Leuven (BE)
31
15 32
16 33
17
Smart Block Geblergasse,
Vienna (AT)
Dampoort KnapT OP!,
Ghent (BE)
Warmtenetwerk Antwerpen
Noord, Antwerp (BE)
SUNSUD,
Brussels (BE)
Klimaatbedrijf Blankenberge,
Blankenberge (BE)
Wijkmotor Egelsvennen,
Mol (BE)
Energiewijk Bospolder-
Tussendijken, Rotterdam (NL)
BE-SHARE Noordwijk,
Brussels (BE)
Energiegemeenschap
Otterbeek, Mechelen (BE)
Warmtenet Kortrijk Weide,
Kortrijk (BE)
Energiepositief Bergeveld,
Holsbeek, BE
PHW Power Coalition Park
Haagseweg, Amsterdam (NL)
Oldham Energy Futures,
Oldham (UK)
Éco-quartier Lyon Confluence,
Lyon (FR)
Wijkrenovatie Nekkerspoel,
Mechelen (BE)
Energie Lab Zuidoost,
Amsterdam (NL)
29
33
24
12
22
4
27
5
19
20
10
6
7 3
8
23
32 26
11
15
25 1
21
17
2
28 9
13
18
31
EnergyVille • Thor Park 8310-8320, 3600 Genk - Belgium • info@energyville.be • energyville.be
Essaybundel | Aardgasvrijewijken |
1
POWERING
THE ENERGY
TRANSITION AT
THE
DISTRICT
LEVEL
Nieuwe energie
eerlijk verdeeld
A
practical
guide
for local
initiators
Dirk Sijmons
FABRICations
H+N+S Landschapsarchitecten
POSAD spatial strategies
Studio Marco Vermeulen
NRGlab/Wageningen Universiteit
Vereniging Deltametropool
EEN NATIONAAL PERSPECTIEF
HANDLEIDING VOOR DE RENOVATIE
VAN APPARTEMENTSGEBOUWEN
Eindrapport gepubliceerd op 22 juni 2024
Beknopt Kennisdocument Energietransitie Gebouwen in Vlaanderen
Doelmatig naar klimaatneutraal
Reflectienota in opdracht van de Minaraad
“ De opgave waar
we voor staan
is groot
en complex”
Essaybundel over aardgasvrije wijken
door negen professoren
Januari 2020
LIFE IP CA 2016 BE-REEL!
BE REEL! Action - C5 Innovative Business Models for renovation
Code of the deliverable: C5D3.3
Title of the deliverable: Guidelines for Renovation of Appartment Buildings
Associated Partner: VEKA
AUTEUR:
Han Vandevyvere
LIFE IP CA 2016 BE_REEL!
Met steun van het financieringsinstrument
LIFE van de Europese Gemeenschap
pag. 1
www.aardgasvrijewijken.nl
Wat ’
Hoe en Wie?
OPPORTUNITIES AND
COMMITMENTS
climate
neutral
Irene Bronsvoort Jesse Hoffman
en Maarten Hajer ’
Urban Futures Studio ’
Universiteit Utrecht
RAPPORT
COLLECTIEVE PROJECTEN:
COLLECTIEVE WARME DEKENS PROJECTEN: VOOR DE ENERGIETRANSITIE
COLLECTIEVE WARME DEKENS PROJECTEN: VOOR DE ENERGIETRANSITIE
WARME DEKENS VOOR DE ENERGIETRANSITIE
Gids voor de versnelling van de
energietransitie in stadswijken
en dorpskernen
ITINERA INSTITUTE ANALYSE
December 2021
VIJF
VOOR
DOORBRAAK-
PROJECTEN
ENERGIE-
WIJKEN
KEY MESSAGES
Renovatiebeleid in België;
weinig impact en (te)
veel ‘free riders’
Uit Europees onderzoek blijkt dat 65% van de renovatiesubsidies terecht
komt bij de hogere inkomens die ook zonder de subsidies gerenoveerd zouden
hebben;
Een grondige evaluatie van het renovatiebeleid dringt zich op;
Hierbij moet ook de vraag gesteld worden in welke mate de renovatiesubsidies
kunnen leiden tot hogere marktprijzen voor inefficiënte woningen.
Johan Albrecht
Empowering you
to act on climate change
June 2022
Pre-financing mechanisms for climate renovations
accessible to all Flemish homeowners
CLIMACT’s report intends to inform BBL. It is strictly for internal use at BBL. It cannot be directly used as
communication material by BBL without prior written consent from CLIMACT. The study reflects the views of the
authors.
CLIMACT: Quentin Jossen, Elise Sungurtekin, Vadim Lacroix, Marion
Latiers, Pieter-Willem Lemmens, Pascal Vermeulen.
EnergInvest: Jean-François Marchand, Lieven Vanstraelen.
Sint-Gillis Brugge
Muide-Meulestede Gent
Wonderland Temse
Linkeroever Antwerpen
Warmtenet Mortsel
Mechelse Vesten
Bloemenwijk Zoersel
Ter Elst Leuven
Parkwijk Turnhout
Mijncité Beringen
OOGSTNOTA
VRAGEN EN AANBEVELINGEN
RICHTING VLAAMS BELEID,
VANUIT DE PRAKTIJK VAN TIEN
VLAAMSE PIONIERSPROJECTEN
Deze Oogstnota bundelt de praktijkgebaseerde
vragen en aanbevelingen vanuit tien lopende
pioniersprojecten in verschillende steden en
gemeenten in Vlaanderen. Binnen het 100 Wijken
Platform delen en ontwikkelen deze pioniers de
doorbraken en methodieken voor een versnelde,
geïntegreerde en inclusieve realisatie van de
energietransitie, mobiliteitstransitie en klimaatadaptatie
in bestaande buurten.
Juli 2024
Van klimaatakkoord
naar keukentafel
Organisatie van de wijkgerichte energietransitie
CLIMATE CITY CONTRACT
Investment plan Left Bank Climate
Neutral 2030
Version 21/6/2024
0
... and an increasingly
stronger argument and
substantiation.
Time
for an
operation!
This movement will only have an impact if we make the change
on all fronts simultaneously: policy, financing, social work,
technical innovation and legal frameworks must fit together
within a coherent systems approach. If not, the business case
will always be unfavourable in one way or another, homeowners
won’t be ready at the right time, and governments and private
entrepreneurs will keep waiting for each other.
Time is running out! The longer we delay a systemic solution, the
more lock-ins there will be. Today there is a certain momentum:
the revised European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive
(EPBD) needs to be transposed into regional policy and the
European Emissions Trading Scheme is being extended to
buildings (ETS2). New policy teams are also taking office at
regional, provincial and local levels and are now busy drawing
up their policy agenda. All this while we can observe that the
implementation practice is ready to shift gears.
OPERATION ENERGY NEIGHBOURHOODS, as an exhibition, is
not an end point, but it is a workroom for all of us to give shape
to the necessary action agenda. The seven action fronts that
follow outline how the efforts of diverse actors could fit together
like pieces of a puzzle. They are formulated as proposals that
are within reach and to which we can commit. From a shared
middle ground. What proposals do you endorse? What actions
are missing or could be formulated more precisely? Contribute
to the shared action agenda and get the operation rolling!
Let’s give shape to the
shared action agenda and
get the operation rolling.
TA
ART
A
DE
ART 1.1
Supermarkt
1,84 GWh (30-45 °C)
POTENTIE WARMTEBRONNEN
GFT (biogas, HT)
12 kg/inwoners (85 kg) , 169,86 ton = 56 dagen (3 ton/dag) 0,4 GWh/jaar
500-1000 m Afstand tussen water en woningen
TEO/TEA/TED (LT)
4,2 + 1,1 + 0,86 GWh/jaar
Restwarmte (MT)
Chocoladefabriek
5,7 GWh (30-45 °C)
17,0 GWh/jaar
1.5 km Afstand tussen boring
Supermarkt
7,87 GWh (30-45 °C)
Geothermie (HT)
1 ha ‘covered area’
De ingeschatte potentie voor een
geothermie doublet (op basis van 4.000 vollast uren):
in de Delftzandsteen is 40.000 MWht
in de reservoirs in de Rijnland groep is 24.000 MWht
Bakkerij
1,58 GWh (30-45 °C)
Woning
typen:
V
IV
II - III
I
Legenda
Warmte temperatuur per brom
en gebruikers
Lage temperatuur
Lage - Midden temperatuur
Midden temperatuur
Hoge temperatuur
ENERGIEWIJK BOSPOLDER-TUSSENDIJKEN | 25 JULI 2019
35
KOP MA ATHENESSERWEG
MATHENE
SSE
SERWEG
MARCONIPLEIN
POLITIEBURE
OLITIEBUREAU
MIDDEN MATHENE
SSERWEG
PARK 1943
GROTE VISSERIJSTRAAT AT
DRIEHOEKSPLEIN
MATHENE
SSERDIJK
INITIATIEVEN
BUURTHUISKAMERS
SOCIAAL
CULTUREEL
RELIGIEUS
SCHOLEN
SPEELTUINEN
SPORT
VISSERIJPLEIN
...
SCHIEDAMSEWEG
3. BOUWKEET
VALENTIJN
SCHOOL
DE FABRIEK
LE MEDI
SCHIEDAMSEWEG
2. MIDDEN
ABRIEK
SCHIEDAMSEWEG
1. HISTORISCH
DAKPARK HU DSONS
BOSPOLDERPLEIN
HISTORISCH
DELFSHAVEN
SPAN
JAARDSTRAAT AT
SCHANS /
WA
ATE
RGEUS
(-PLEIN)
2E SCHAN
CHANSSTRAAT
AT
DAKPARK
P STA
MOLENSTOMP OMP /
MIDDENKOUS
HUDSONPLEIN
7 action
fronts
A neighbourhood action
plan for every neighbourhood!
ACTION 1
SITUATION
PROPOSAL
ART 1.1
In today’s ad hoc, project-based approach to the energy transition, everyone is
acting separately, without quite knowing what impact their actions are having on
which ultimate goal. Different policy areas project their ambitions on the same place.
As such, one project causes delays or takes up the physical space of another. At the
same time, several climate and heat plans drawn up on paper are failing because
they were conceived without sufficiently considering implementation processes.
In each neighbourhood, an operational neighbourhood
action plan is drawn up together with residents and various
stakeholders in which projects are linked together. Instead of
making separate plans for energy, mobility, climate adaptation,
housing or poverty, an integrated area process is organized on
the scale of the neighbourhood. The neighbourhood action plan
sets out interim milestones in a logical sequence. Tasks and
goals are thus clear to all parties involved and can be followed up
together throughout the transformation of the neighbourhood.
We index local energy resources and project opportunities
Opportunities for local geothermal, aquathermal, sewage
and residual heat are maximized in order to provide fossil-free
heating for all homes by 2040. The local potential for electricity
generation is also mapped out. New developments, public
buildings and social housing play a role on a neighbourhood
scale, as catalysts of neighbourhood-wide projects.
In Bospolder-Tussendijken (BoTu) in
Rotterdam (NL), Posad-Maxwan drew up a
technical opportunity chart stacked with the
anthropological mapping of social networks
and residents’ needs and opportunities.
© International Architecture Biennale Rotterdam
We vertrekken steeds van de innovaties die nu al in de
betrokken steden en wijken getest worden, te beginnen
met Leiden.
Voor Leiden werd door de dienst stadsbeheer een planning
gemaakt van de geschatte wijkvervangingen voor de
komende 30 jaar.
PV cells, and 100% electrification of the household
energy supply system. Qualitatively, it is about a
sense of belonging, economic perspective, increased
self-sufficiency, outdoor play areas for children,
healthier lifestyles, home comfort and a more
beautiful living environment.
© Based on OOZE, IABR, Rotterdam (NL)
2020 2023
2025
2030
Many loose initiatives,
1 energy cooperative
Many loose initiatives,
4 coalitions with TES,
1 energy cooperative
Many loose initiatives,
15 coalitions including 7 with TES,
1 energy cooperative
20 coalitions whose
TESs are interconnected,
3 energy cooperatives
Three different models
The experiments in Chapter 1 and throughout this publication show that
there are several ways to approach the coordination of PED developments.
The governance structures are established step by step, with different degrees of
representation of the various stakeholders involved. We see that public bodies,
private companies and civil society take up different roles. But who would
you entrust with the mandate to coordinate your PED project? Should it be
organized more centrally or more locally, more formally or more informally?
And what competences should you make sure to have on board? From the
PED experiments we documented, we’ve derived three models that jointly
describe a range of possible approaches. This is meant as a starting point
for a conversation about local ambitions, dynamics and existing actors in
your neighbourhood. Which model will work best in a particular context will
depend on cultural differences (top-down vs bottom-up tradition, for example),
what systems and projects are needed or promising (it will be difficult to
build a central heating network without a strong public partner on board),
or which stakeholders
ART 1.2
are already active and networked (a cooperative or
social organization with roots in the neighbourhood can be a very strong
broker in a PED development). It’s up to you to evaluate these models, tweak
them and combine them until you have a coordination model that works for
your neighbourhood.
5.A Development unit in the city administration The development unit for the
Stockholm Royal Seaport (SE) is
The development of a PED can be coordinated a dedicated team within a single
department of the City (the
by a dedicated unit within the municipal administration. This
Development Administration). Its
0.02% local energy production
10% local energy production
20% local energy production
40% local energy production
team of people has the capacity to work across and integrate mission is to work across projects
different policy domains and stakeholders. It may be housed and departments via its sustainability
strategists. The municipal
within a single department but have a specific mission to work
closely with other departments and outside stakeholders.
Development Administration
manages all of Stockholm’s 400 to
It can also be a transversal unit with its own mission, cutting
500 urban development projects,
across departments. Or a collaboration between different including the Stockholm Royal
municipal departments, bringing together administrators in Seaport. As one of the largest
14% of surface area is green
17% of surface area is green
27% of surface area is green
50% of surface area is green
a joint team. The advantages of a municipal development unit projects, the Royal Seaport has
are that it operates directly from the city’s long-term sustainability
targets and that (other) policy departments with a stake fifteen people and can draw on a
its own dedicated team of around
team of 100 consultants within and
in the PED process can easily be involved. It guarantees the outside the municipality. The team
Current CO2 emissions
Fewer CO2 emissions
Fewer CO2 emissions representation Fewer CO2 emissionsof the public interest, the long-term and largescale
vision, and the link with urban services such as energy sales and leases, and the develop-
is responsible for planning, land
infrastructure, mobility or the design and maintenance of ment of public open spaces. Next to
public spaces.
the project teams, the Development
ART 1.3 ART 1.4
136
As a city administration, we co-defined
the targets for our first carbon-neutral district,
but we wanted local coalitions to come up with
Energy
ideas on how to achieve them and to take action.
We decided to launch an open call for proposals.
It was inspiring to see how the proposals managed
to address not just one but several of the Mobility targets
department
we set. For example, a coalition involving the local
154
department
…
DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION
Sustainability
team
Sustainability
strategists
Project team
STOCKHOLM ROYAL SEAPORT
Administration has set up a general
sustainability team to ensure knowledge
transfer between projects
and departments. The Stockholm
Royal Seaport, as the flagship of
sustainable urban development, is
the only project within the department
to have its own sustainability
team. The sustainability strategists
in this team ensure that sustainability
requirements are included
in development contracts and in
the city’s own work. They monitor
results, evaluate targets and scale
up to other projects in the city.
Having this sustainability team
within the project teams makes a
big difference in terms of continuity
and involvement.
© Based on Stockholms Stad (SE)
ART 2.1
ART 1.2
ART 1.3
ART 1.4
We link investments and plans from different domains
Integrated investment plans yield the best results. By implementing
a heat system simultaneously with the construction
of a new sewerage network and at the same time investing
in the local buffering and infiltration of rainwater and the
construction of a bicycle path, the cost price is easily reduced
by 30 per cent and space is used strategically.
We provide tools and frameworks to monitor
the neighbourhood transition
The heat project developer, the various city services, neighbourhood
development organizations, schools, cultural centres
and resident associations are tasked with drawing up a neighbourhood
action plan in dialogue with each other. They are
supported in this with process tools and guidance. They also
put together a team responsible for following up and adjusting
the plan during the neighbourhood’s multi-year transformation.
In Bospolder-Tussendijken (BoTu) in Rotterdam
(NL), a Local Energy Action Plan (LEAP) was
developed with local actors whereby 61% CO2
can be reduced in the entire neighbourhood by
2030. © OOZE, IABR
We adapt the internal urban organization accordingly
City officials work more closely together in neighbourhood
teams, tackling diverse goals around energy, public space,
housing, mobility, social policy, water and the economy on
the ground. Capacity is redistributed, allowing the city to
appoint project leaders who help to shape and implement the
neighbourhood action plan in partnership with citizens, utility
companies, local organizations and private developers.
In Leiden (NL), the City Management Department
seized a plan drawn up for the replacement of
sewers and street pavements over the coming
30 years as an occasion to also carry out the
energy transition and climate adaptation in an
integrated manner. © Municipality of Leiden
The City of Stockholm (SE) has its own
‘Sustainability Team’ in which experts from its
various departments work together.
© Stockholms Stad
A strengthened
neighbourhood community with
an active role
ACTION 2
SITUATION
Today, the energy transition is often projected onto existing neighbourhoods in a highly technical
way. But an energy neighbourhood is not an appliance that you have to install. It is a living ecosystem
where people and their behaviours and social networks have a significant impact on the choice and
functioning of energy measures and systems. If people pull out or miss the boat, targets won’t be
met, the necessary private investments will be lacking and the social divide will continue to grow.
PROPOSAL
Neighbourhood facilitators, community workers and local
organizations such as the school, the library or the local
service centre are given the task and mandate to set in
motion a local dynamic around the energy transition and to
strengthen the neighbourhood community. Specific attention
is paid to hard-to-reach target groups: energy is a lever
to improve their conditions. Everyone – owners, tenants,
landlords, shop owners and visitors – gets the chance to
contribute to the neighbourhood action plan, in accordance
with their own desires and capabilities. The stronger their
sense of commitment and pride, the more sustainable the
neighbourhood energy transformation.
ART 2.1
We take vulnerable groups seriously
For (social) tenants, residents with a migrant background,
people living in poverty or single parents, the energy transition
is often not their main concern. Listening to them early
enough, in safe and appropriate environments, allows them to
help formulate the question. Their concerns and ideas are at
the heart of the neighbourhood action plan.
SAAMO organizes a monthly meeting with
‘De Experten’: people living in energy poverty
who provide input on energy policies and
projects on the basis of their experiential
expertise. © SAAMO
ART 2.2
ART 2.3
ART 3.2
ART 3.1
Posters als leidraad voor gesprek met de bewoners
42 43
ART 2.2
ART 2.3
We collect stories and needs through fieldwork
When residents have the opportunity to write a shared narrative
about (the future of) their neighbourhood, they are intrinsically
motivated to join in making it a reality. Elements of play and
prototypes serve as accessible entrance points in this respect.
A physical base in the neighbourhood stimulates encounters
and ensures proximity between residents and city services. The
narrative grows with the neighbourhood action plan.
We organize various opportunities to join in
A neighbourhood community can co-appropriate the changes
in its environment in several ways. An important first step
is for people to have access to knowledge, information and
exchange. Through energy workshops, for example, residents
build up insight and capacity. This allows them to help make
decisions and give direction to the transformation of their
neighbourhood during a participation event, a co-creation
session or as shareholders in a (local) cooperative.
Each of the six districts into which Bologna (IT)
is divided has a ‘neighbourhood laboratory’ that
includes professionals (among others, architects
and neighbourhood workers) who, together with
residents, transform ideas into action.
© Fondazione Innovazione Urbana
The City of Eeklo pre-finances a number of
‘social shares’ in energy cooperative Ecopower
which are made available to vulnerable families.
© POWERUP
Everyone on board in a
collective renovation programme
ACTION 3
SITUATION
PROPOSAL
ART 3.1
ART 3.2
Renovating is still seen as a purely individual (financial) burden. Our fragmented ownership
model is in part responsible for this. But not everyone has the time and capacity to look into
renovation in detail. Incentives for landlords are limited and, conversely, tenants risk shooting
themselves in the foot if they ask for renovations, since this will lead to rent increases. Payback
periods for investments are very long. And in the case of terraced houses and apartment
buildings, the energy efficiency of your home depends on whether your neighbour joins in.
The provision of a full-service solution for renovation is
organized more proactively and collectively. Energy houses set
up neighbourhood-oriented programmes together with city
services and team up with architects, contractors, construction
companies and material producers. Through group purchases,
contractor discounts, standardized building packages and
renovation-as-a-service, renovation becomes more feasible.
By bringing the offer to people in a targeted manner and thanks
to the momentum created, more unusual suspects also join
the movement. This leads to a more inclusive offer.
We develop a neighbourhood-oriented renovation offer
The energy house is coming to your neighbourhood. Their
activity is driven by supply instead of demand. With a motivating
campaign, as many residents as possible are steered towards
free renovation advice and support. To this end, the energy
house uses new instruments, such as the neighbourhood
renovation tool or heat loss scans of all homes. Advantageous
packages are offered in waves (e.g. 2025, 2028, 2032, 2036,
2040), so that renovations are clustered as much as possible.
For the ‘Scandinavia Blocks’ in Ghent (BE),
Studio Tuin en Wereld, AgwA and Domus Mundi
examined how a collective renovation of the
apartment building could be done in an inclusive
way. © Studio Tuin en Wereld
We innovate with materials and all-in-one building packages
Collective renovation goes hand in hand with innovation in the
construction sector. New materials are developed leading to
renovations being carried out with less impact on residents’
daily lives or on the quality of spaces. Parts of the renovation
process are standardized. Materials or building packages are
manufactured far more cheaply through deals with manufacturers
and suppliers. Both DIY builders and contracting
companies can take advantage of these.
A terraced house in such poor condition that
it could not be renovated is replaced by a
modular, prefabricated ‘plug-in’ house.
© Mobble, Labland vzw
NIEUWS SPORT SHOWBIZZ NINA REGIO VIDEO PUZZEL PODCAST
Wijzig Roeselare Nieuws Eten en drinken Uit-tips Lezersbijdragen
NET BINNEN
16:44 Dertigste veroordeling levert man
(37) nu ook in de politierechtbank zes…
ART 3.4
15:30 Twee twintigers riskeren celstraf na
vechtpartij in café in Roeselare: “Hij wou…
15:29 Man (51) die met pick-up truck
boven op rotonde tegen boom botst, had …
14:54 Voorzitterswissel bij K.H. Het
Gildemuziek
13:32 Dinsdagmarkt wijkt in kerstperiode
deels uit
MEER BERICHTEN
ONZE BUURT RENOVEREN
Hoe pakken we dat aan?
Samen isoleren, stap voor stap. Met de hulp van de Stad.
015 29 80 15 of energiepunt@mechelen.be
10%
ART 3.3
Sylvie Wybo (Buurt & Co), Stijn Cottenier (Opstap), schepenen José Debels en Michèle Hostekint en
Lode Demey van de stad Roeselare (vooraan rechts) komen de zolder van Ine Lobelle (vooraan links)
opruimen. © Foto Joke Couvreur
Stad komt je zolder opruimen (als jij
je dak laat isoleren)
ROESELARE Nog steeds geen werk gemaakt van het isoleren van je dak,
omdat je het niet ziet zitten om eerst je overvolle zolder op te ruimen?
Geen probleem. De stad Roeselare komt nu, in samenwerking met
onder meer Buurt en Co vzw, met de oplossing.
Redactie 22-02-18, 02:29 Laatste update: 22-02-18, 02:30
STAP
STAP
STAP
STAP
1
2
3
4
DE WARMTESCAN
Weet jij hoeveel warmte je woning verliest?
Check je warmtescan.
GRATIS RENOVATIEADVIES EN ONDERSTEUNING
Wat pak je best eerst aan? Samen met onze
renovatiebegeleider maak je een stappenplan op.
SAMEN RENOVEREN MET DE WIJKAANNEMER
1 wijkaannemer voor de hele buurt, die je kan inzetten voor
dakisolatie, gevelisolatie, en nieuwe ramen en deuren. De
aannemer stelt een offerte op, zonder verplichtingen.
FINANCIERING
Aan het loket bekijken we samen wat de mogelijkheden zijn
voor jouw woning en budget.
STAP
5
OMGEVINGSVERGUNNING
Samen met je buren wordt 1 collectieve vergunningsaanvraag
ingediend.
20%
Wie zich voor eind april inschrijft op de groepsaankoop voor dak- en
spouwmuurisolatie die de Stad samen met Test Aankoop organiseert, krijgt
gratis hulp bij het opruimen van de zolder. "We merken dat stimuleren en
faciliteren efficiënter is dan subsidiëren", vertelt schepen Michèle Hostekint
(sp.a). "Bovendien gebeurt de zolderopruiming, die wordt uitgevoerd door
mensen tewerkgesteld binnen de sociale economie, via een circulair systeem.
Herbruikbare spullen krijgen een tweede leven via een geefplein dat we in juni
organiseren, de reststromen worden via verwerking door Mirom herbenut als
warmte voor het warmtenet."
ART 4.1
STAP
STAP
6
7
UITVOERING WERKEN
De wijkaannemer voert al jouw goedgekeurde werken uit.
De Stad beantwoordt al je vragen.
PREMIES
Wij zoeken voor je uit op welke premies je recht hebt en
dienen samen de aanvraag in.
"Mooi meegenomen"
Zo'n 200 mensen schreven zich in voor de groepsaankoop. Ook Ine Lobelle uit
de Diksmuidsesteenweg. "Zeven jaar geleden vernieuwden we ons dak maar
omdat we niet van plan waren de zolder te gebruiken, kozen we toen voor
MEEST GELEZEN
https://archive.ph/gI3n7 1/5
ART 4.2
ART 3.3
We support actions among neighbours
Collective renovation gets a boost when neighbours help each
other. Often, it is seemingly small things that stop people from
renovating. For example, the job of clearing out an attic can
get in the way of installing roof insulation. Together with the
neighbourhood facilitator, actions are set up to carry out such
chores together. Many hands make light work!
The City of Roeselare works with a social
employment organization to empty attics, on
condition that people have their roofs insulated.
Reusable items are given a second life via a
‘donation market’. © HLN
ART 3.4
We introduce collective permits
If several buildings are renovated at the same time, it makes
sense to evaluate urban planning considerations – for example,
regarding a shifting building line or cornice – at street or
neighbourhood level. That is why neighbours can now submit
collective permit applications as part of a neighbourhood
renovation programme.
In the neighbourhood of Nekkerspoel, the
energy point of the City of Mechelen (BE) uses
seven steps to tackle the energy transition on a
neighbourhood scale. © City of Mechelen
Collective energy
projects with a neighbourhood
impact
ACTION 4
SITUATION
PROPOSAL
ART 4.1
ART 4.2
To be able to show tangible results sufficiently quickly, it is now often the most profitable and
feasible renewable energy projects that are carried out. Large solar roofs, new-build projects
or the renovation of buildings with high and stable consumption such as residential care homes
are considered feasible on a project basis. But the switch to fossil-free heating for individual
terraced houses is failing. Separating the promising and profitable energy projects from the
neighbourhood approach makes the energy transition of the remaining parts even more difficult.
As part of the neighbourhood action plan, a portfolio is drawn
up of systemic projects that, when added together, achieve the
set neighbourhood goals. Financial, technical, social, legal and
urban-planning experts pool their knowledge to think beyond
today’s market-based logics and help build the investment
logics we need and want. Local and supra-local authorities
dare to give these projects equal opportunities because they
see that otherwise the more difficult parts won’t get done and
population groups will be left behind.
We build a level playing field for collective energy systems
Shared heat systems and solar rooftops instead of everyone
having their own heat pump and PV installation: we know they
can be more efficient and cheaper in the long run, but we don’t
yet have the required regulations, guidance, and legal and
financial frameworks. In a world built around individual systems,
the support frameworks are being converted to really try out
decentralized, collective energy infrastructure. New providers
are being supported to optimize their model.
In Cornwall (GB), heat pump manufacturer Kensa
is developing a system where homes connect
with their individual booster heat pumps to a
collective heat network based on ground source
boreholes. © Legal and General, Heat the Streets
We concentrate on neighbourhood-based business cases
Potential that is unevenly distributed – local heat sources, large
solar roofs, densification opportunities – is redistributed in a
neighbourhood approach by looking beyond the scale of the
plot. This makes it possible to achieve the best possible balance
between energy consumption and production. Combinations
of more and less risky projects add up to a balanced neighbourhood
portfolio.
In Muide Meulestede in Ghent (BE), a study is
under way to see whether solar panels on the
roofs of large companies can help to generate
income to pre-finance solar panels on residential
roofs. © Architecture Workroom Brussels
4.B Collective projects as parts of a larger puzzle
Another logic we recognize is when a neighbourhood
strategy is broken down into smaller, manageable
sub-projects, for example around a street, square, block or
school. These are small-scale collaborations between residents,
owners, shopkeepers, organizations and/or public bodies.
They seize a local opportunity, such as drilling boreholes to
supply a number of buildings with sustainable heat in one go.
Local, social dynamics and economic opportunities persuade
residents to participate: enthusiastic neighbours convince each
other and change is visible in people’s immediate surroundings.
Altogether, these subsystems form a large mosaic. When
choosing this approach, it’s important to realize that there are
places where there are far fewer opportunities or where the
dynamics fail to materialize. The boundaries of each puzzle
piece must be defined in such a way that the whole neighbourhood
is covered and no one is left behind.
The block-by-block strategy in
Limerick (IE) aims to support
and accelerate the regeneration
of its inner-city neighbourhoods.
Within the historic Georgian
Quarter, this transformation is
being achieved by identifying a
number of anchor buildings, such
as the Post Office, the Arts Centre
and the Chamber of Commerce
(Limerick City and County
Council, 2019). By investing in the
refurbishment of these buildings,
they act as an entry point to
start conversations and engage
neighbouring owners within the
block to join in the refurbishment
one at a time. The public investment
is a catalyst for individuals and
private companies to surf along
on the value creation. ART 4.4 This is the
city’s way of tackling the whole
y block.
project,
145
ART 4.3
DS02 Limerick Youth Services
DS01 Gardens International
DS04 General Post Office
DS05 Rooney Auctioneers
DS03 Chamber of Commerce
DS06 The Engine
DS08 University of Limerick
DS09 University Hospital
Limerick
DS10 Limerick Institute
of Technology
DS11 Narrative 4
DS12 Belltable Arts Centre
DS15 Limerick City Gallery of Art
DS07 Colbert Railway Station
DS14 Limerick Georgian
House & Garden
DS13 The Crescent
4.C Centralized, cooperative approach
At the other end of the spectrum, we
see neighbourhood approaches that take a more radical
collective approach. The organizational model and the energy
approach are designed and set up at the scale of the whole
neighbourhood. This makes it possible to rethink energy
production and consumption, but also public space, mobility
and social inclusion in an integral way. Imagine that the
entire PED development is driven by a neighbourhood energy
cooperative in which both local residents and organizations,
public authorities and private investors are shareholders. The
available private spaces (think of roof space to install solar
panels) and public spaces (for example, to drill geothermal
boreholes) are identified and managed by this cooperative,
and the locally produced energy is redistributed evenly
throughout the neighbourhood. The energy system can thus
be technically optimized and organized in an inclusive way.
↧
De Nieuwe Dokken in Ghent (BE)
is a large, newly developed residential
neighbourhood in the
city’s harbour area. A cooperative
operates a heat and water network
with closed loops for heat, water
and waste. The technology is called
Zawent (Zero Waste Water with
Energy and Nutrient Recovery).
It is an innovative combination of
existing technologies. Waste water
from vacuum toilets is collected
separately, along with ground
kitchen waste, and converted
into biogas in a digester. Heat is
recovered from the grey water on
site. The water itself is purified and
reused by the neighbouring soap
company. Low-temperature waste
heat from the factory returns to the
residential area. By buying a house
in this new development, residents
automatically become shareholders
CHAPTER 2. Keys for realizing PEDs
KEY 4 – How to co-design the step-by-step strategy
ART 5.1
Mod PDF 19.01
Luik B
In de bijlagen bij het Belgisch Staatsblad bekend te maken kopie
na neerlegging van de akte ter griff
ie
ART 4.5
Voorbehouden
aan het
Belgisch
Staatsblad
*24347872*
Neergelegd
29-01-2024
Griff
ie
Bijlagen bij het Belgisch Staatsblad - 31/01/2024 - Annexes du Moniteur belge
Op de laatste blz. van Luik B vermelden :
Ondernemingsnr : 1005329180
Naam
(voluit) : Klimaatbedrijf Blankenberge
(verkort) :
Rechtsvorm : Coöperatieve vennootschap
Volledig adres v.d. zetel J.F. Kennedyplein 1
: 8370 Blankenberge
Onderw
rwerp akte :
OPRICHTING
Uit een akte verleden voor notaris Jean-Louis Sabbe te Blankenberge op 26 januari 2024, te
registreren, blijkt dat:
° De STAD BLANKENBERGE, gevestigd te 8370 Blankenberge, J.F. Kennedyplein 1,
° Het “OPENBAAR CENTRUM VOOR MAATSCHAPPELIJK WELZIJN VAN BLANKENBERGE”,
afgekort “OCMW BLANKENBERGE”, gevestigd te 8370 Blankenberge, Jordaenslaan 34,
° De vereniging zonder winstoogmerk “LOKALE ECONOMIE”, gevestigd te 8370 Blankenberge, J.F.
Kennedyplein 1,
een coöperatieve vennootschap genaamd "Klimaatbedrijf Blankenberge", gevestigd te 8370
Blankenberge, J.F. Kennedyplein 1 hebben opgericht met een aanvangsvermogen van
NEGENHONDERDDUIZEND VIJFHONDERD EURO (€ 900.500,00).
Op de 3.602 aandelen werd onmiddellijk in geld ingetekend ten belope van € 250,00 per aandeel als
volgt:
° STAD BLANKENBERGE: titularis van 3.600 aandelen soort C, hetzij voor € 900.000,00, volstort ten
belope van € 150.000,00,
° OCMW BLANKENBERGE: titularis van één (1) aandeel soort C, hetzij voor € 250,00, volledig
volstort,
° VZW LOKALE ECONOMIE: titularis van één (1) aandeel soort B, hetzij voor € 250,00, volledig
volstort.
Het bedrag van de volstorte inbrengen ten belope van € 150.500,00 werd gedeponeerd op een
bijzondere rekening geopend namens de vennootschap in oprichting bij de bank KBC Bank.
Ondergetekende Notaris bevestigt dat deze deponering heeft plaatsgevonden overeenkomstig de
bepalingen van het Wetboek van vennootschappen en verenigingen (hierna ook genaamd “WVV”).
De statuten van de vennootschap luiden bij uittreksel als volgt:
Titel I. Rechtsvorm - naam - zetel - voorw
rwerp - duur
Artikel 1: RECHTSVORM EN NAA
AAM
De vennootschap neemt de vorm van een erkende coöperatieve vennootschap-sociale onderneming
aan. Zij draagt de naam “Klimaatbedrijf Blankenberge”.
De vennootschap is zowel een erkende coöperatieve vennootschap in toepassing van de wet van 20
juli 1955 houdende instelling van een Nationale Raad voor Coöperatie, het Sociaal
Ondernemerschap en de Landbouwonderneming en haar uitvoeringsbesluiten, zoals bedoeld in
artikel 8:4 van het Wetboek van vennootschappen en verenigingen, als een sociale onderneming,
erkend in toepassing van voormelde wet van 20 juli 1955, zoals bedoeld in artikel 8:5 van het
Wetboek van vennootschappen en verenigingen. Zij zal in haar statuten en in haar werking de
voorwaarden van beide erkenningen naleven.
Aan de rechtsvorm worden de woorden “erkend” en “sociale onderneming” toegevoegd, afgekort als
“erkende CVSO”.
De woorden “erkende coöperatieve vennootschap-sociale onderneming” of de afkorting ”erkende
CVSO” moeten in alle akten, facturen en documenten, al dan niet in elektronische vorm uitgaande
van de vennootschap die naam onmiddellijk voorafgaan of volgen.
Artikel 2: ZETEL
Voorkant : Naam en hoedanigheid van de instrumenterende notaris, hetzij van de perso(o)n(en)
bevoegd de rechtspersoon ten aanzien van derden te vertegenwoordigen
Achterkant : Naam en handtekening (dit geldt niet voor akten van het type "Mededelingen").
ART 4.3
ART 4.4
We realize structures for gradual transformation
In existing neighbourhoods, not all homes will switch to a new
energy system overnight. Projects build structures that inherently
deal with this evolving nature without it undermining their
business case. For example: if enough large customers for a
collective heat system are guaranteed from the start, smaller
homes in-between can join in over time. Or heat networks
can start at a micro level and expand when the next housing
cluster is ready to do so.
We position projects as locomotives for change
Strategic projects take on shared responsibility for the whole
neighbourhood. Public buildings such as schools, post offices,
cultural houses, sports facilities and social housing are real
pioneers of the energy transition, not because they are the
first to be renovated, but because they help to set in motion
the transformation of the surrounding built fabric. Legal provisions
stipulate that new private developments become the
kick-starters of collective energy systems.
In Mortsel (BE), ZuidtrAnt-W, Ecopower and
Kelvin Solutions are examining whether the
existing heat network with residual heat from
the Agfa-Gevaert factory, which already heats
the new-build neighbourhood Minerve, can be
extended to some surrounding streets with
existing, individual houses. © City of Mortsel
In the historic centre of Limerick (IE), renovation
is planned city block by city block based on the
existing public buildings. © +CityxChange
ART 4.5
We set up a neighbourhood fund
Instead of redistributing returns between projects, the returns
can also be managed and invested through a neighbourhood
fund. Residents can thus join in the decision-making on local,
social projects, focusing on what is close to their hearts – even
if it has nothing to do with energy.
In Bospolder-Tussendijken (Bo-Tu) in Rotterdam
(NL), Delfshaven Energie Coöperatie put
part of the profits from solar projects into a
neighbourhood fund, which was used to depave
the school playground, among others.
© Delfshaven Energie Coöperatie
A public-private-civic
energy company 2.0
ACTION 5
SITUATION
PROPOSAL
ART 5.1
Large energy suppliers and grid operators, which mostly grew out of public organizations
and were then privatized, have long had a monopoly on the energy landscape. But the
energy transition of our existing neighbourhoods heralds a decentralization and takes
place on the bridge between public interest and private investment. This transition can’t
be ‘absorbed by the market’ in its entirety, but neither can it be borne entirely by the
public authorities. The lack of clarity about who is allowed to use public space or who is
expected to invest in collective infrastructures creates delays we can’t afford.
An entrepreneurial environment is created for citizens,
businesses and authorities to join forces in local energy and
climate companies. These are responsible for the step-by-step
and integrated implementation of neighbourhood action plans.
They work at the scale of a neighbourhood, city or region,
where they realize and manage the integrated and collective
energy projects. A stimulating framework is required at
regional level so that these energy and climate companies can
be mandated and supported.
We set up a public-private-civic organization
An energy district comes with many new roles: from involving
residents and local organizations to attuning plans, providing
renovation support, developing new projects and business
models as well as raising funds. A local energy company can play
each of these roles itself or share the tasks in partnerships. This
can take on a range of business forms: the ‘energy company’
can be the current grid operator, a new public-private-civic
vehicle, a city service that enters into a framework contract
with a local cooperative, etc.
Together with several local organizations,
including the Public Centre for Social Welfare
(OCMW), the City of Blankenberge set up a
cooperative Climate Company, of which residents
can buy shares. © City of Blankenberge
ART 6.1
Institutionele partijen
Gemeente
Corporatie
Verhuurder
Institutionele partijen investeren in
het behoud en de doorontwikkeling
van de sociale infrastructuur
Basisprincipes
wijkbedrijf
Institutionele partijen investeren
middelen in het wijkbedrijf
Het wijkbedrijf realiseert in
samenwerking met andere
Wijkbedrijf
Wijkbedrijf
Bestaande
initiatieven
Duurzame
energie
Besparing
Bestaande initiatieven bundelen
hun krachten in het wijkbedrijf
Het wijkbedrijf isoleert
woningen in samenwerking met
lokale aannemers, opleidingen,
Bestaande
infrastructuur
Voorzieningen
Horeca
Winkels
Overig
partijen een lokaal
sociale werkplaatsen en
lagetemperatuurwarmtenet
buurtbewoners
De gemeenschap
Het warmtenet wordt gevoed
door lokale bronnen van
laagwaardige wamte
Aanleg
eigen warmtenet
investeert tijd,
kennis, arbeid en
middelen in het
wijkbedrijf
Isolatie
van woningen
De sociale
infrastructuur
biedt ruimte als
zogeheten ‘third
Lokale warmtebronnenRestwarmte
Aquathermie
Geothermie
Het met lokale rest- en
omgevingswarmte gevoede
warmtenet levert warmte aan
de gemeenschap
Gemeenschap
Gemeenschap
Isolatie van woningen levert
direct meer comfort en een
besparing aan energielasten
voor bewoners
gelijkwaardig
gesprek tussen
institutionele
partijen en de
gemeenschap
place’ voor een
ART 5.2
ART 5.3
Bestuur
Dienstenbureau
Ontwikkelingsbedrijf
Vertegenwoordiging en
netwerkvorming
Projectbeheer- en
administratie
€
€
BV ? BV ?
Leveren aan
de leden
Stadscoöperatie
Wijkcoöperatie
Projectcoöperatie
Annex 1 Lijst van Warmteclusters op het ogenblik van
aanname van dit Stedelijk Reglement
ART 5.4
Warmtecluster – Noorderlaan/Luithagen
ART 5.2
We invest the local public workforce
Because implementing the neighbourhood action plan is of
great societal importance, public authorities co-invest in the
necessary capacity to achieve this (similar to what happens in
an urban development company). This is because the personal
commitment during the start-up and management phase of
the energy transition in existing districts doesn’t fit in a private
business case. The increase of that place-based capacity can
be justified on the basis of the stacking of policy objectives to
be realized in an effective and cost-efficient way.
The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate (NL),
through the Collective Heat Act, wants to bring
the heat infrastructure under compulsory public
direction and ownership. © BRIGHT in: Nu aan de
buurt. Nieuwe energie eerlijk verdeeld.
ART 5.3
ART 5.4
We design interaction between the different scales
Not every neighbourhood has to develop all the expertise
itself. The energy company 2.0 can also operate on an urban
or regional scale, partnering with local organizations in each
neighbourhood. Neighbourhood companies can also be supported
by an organization or partnership at the level of the
city or region.
We shape the legal and spatial framework for this
Clear legal agreements set out who has what authority where
for the use of the public domain and public property for energy
infrastructure. Partners are thus given time to check the feasibility
of projects during the development phase, without
the ground slipping out from under their feet, but can also
distribute roles in the building phase and during maintenance.
The Energie van Rotterdam cooperative unites
all Rotterdam neighbourhood cooperatives in a
single operation, allowing them to pool expertise
and gain greater political weight. © Energie van
Rotterdam
With its Urban Regulations on Heat Networks, the
City of Antwerp (BE) provides a legal framework
within which developers of heat networks can
apply for public domain development reservations.
© City of Antwerp
Architecture
and regulation for
building performance
ACTION 6
SITUATION
PROPOSAL
ART 6.1
Today, the performance of our buildings is measured by principles permeated with the idea
of central heating. Every room in every home must meet the highest efficiency standards.
But this approach originated only a century ago, when we obtained seemingly unlimited
access to fossil fuels. Holding on to this principle pushes households to make very
expensive investments renovating their building shells. Even when the EPC label improves,
in many cases energy consumption doesn’t appear to drop much, if at all. This is due to the
‘rebound effect’: households use heat more abundantly when they have a lot of it.
When translating the new European EPBD directive into
national and regional regulations, the emphasis will be more on
fossil-free heating than on (theoretical) building efficiency. This
doesn’t mean that there will be less comfort. Architects show
that a broad spectrum of building typologies and renovations
is possible with passive measures, with both real energy
efficiency and improved quality of living. Redesigning those
typologies is a crucial tool for rethinking policy frameworks
and incentives at the level of building performance.
We prioritize fossil-free neighbourhoods
The current Energy Performance of Buildings (EPB) regulation is
being extended. This leads to a clear goal: as soon as possible
to fossil-free and step-by-step to nearly-zero energy. The focus
thus shifts from measured to lived performance, in line with
the objective of the European Energy Performance of Buildings
Directive (EPBD), which states that by 2040 all fossil heating
systems are to be phased out and by 2050 all buildings are to
be net-zero emissions.
On 28 May 2024, the revised Energy Performance
of Buildings Directive (EPBD) came into force in
all EU countries. © European Commission
1
3
2
4
balcon jardin d'hiver logement
ART 6.2
ART 6.3
CONTEXT
HOOFDVORM
CONFIGURATIE
SCHIL
BINNENKLIMAAT
ADD-ONS
INDEX
IABR 2018+2020 - T H E M I S S I N G L I N K
05
ENERGIE-
LANDSCHAP
04
GELUIDS-
BELASTING
01
ZONNE-
STANDEN
02
SCHADUW-
WERKING
03
WIND-
KLIMAAT
06
COMPACTE
BOUWVORM
10
VENTILATIE-
ZONES
07
GEBOUW-
ORIËNTATIE
08
WIND-
HINDER
09
KOPPELEN
VAN FUNCTIES
13
BUFFER-
ZONES
11
TEMPERATUUR-
ZONES
12
DAGLICHT-
ZONES
14
ISOLEREN
15
ISOLERENDE
PANELEN
ART 6.4
Pour signer la carte blanche //
16
OPEN-DICHT
VERHOUDING
17
SCHEIDING
VAN SCHILLEN
18
ATRIUM
19
TWEEDE HUID
FAÇADE
20
WINTER-
TUIN
Les limites à la PEB
Bruxelles, 2024
21
ZONNE-
SCHOORSTEEN
22
GEVEL-
UITKRAGING
23
BUITEN-
ZONWERING
24
RAAMVORM
25
DAGLICHT
DOORVOER
La réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre est devenue un enjeu collectif majeur. Dans ce contexte, l’UE a
adopté des directives qui ont conduit entre autres au Certificat PEB 1 et qui en font l’alpha et l’oméga de la politique
environnementale au niveau des bâtiments. Nous soutenons que cette idée ne met pas la focale au bon endroit ; que,
ce faisant, elle manque les cibles tant écologiques que sociales ; que, par ailleurs, elle abîme l’économie et le paysage.
26
PV
28
KRUIS-
VENTILATIE
27
ZONNE-
BOILER
29
SCHOORSTEEN-
EFFECT
30
VENTILEREN
VIA MASSA
Théorie vs Réalité : le label PEB
influence-t-il la consommation ?
L’écart entre consommations théoriques et
consommations réelles peut avoir plusieurs causes,
dont le fait que les modèles sous-estiment la vraie
performance des bâtiments anciens, en usant
involontairement d’hypothèses qui leur sont
défavorables. Mais une grande partie de l’écart entre
ces consommations théoriques et réelles tient à la
possibilité d’action des personnes occupantes. Car c’est
un fait : une fois construits, les bâtiments ne
consomment pas d’énergie. Leur constitution physique
a bien une influence sur la vitesse à laquelle l’énergie va
32
MECHANISCHE
VENTILATIE
33
BREATHING
WINDOW
34
WARMTE-
POMP
31
BALANS-
VENTILATIE
35
SEIZOENS-
OPSLAG
être dissipée, mais elle n’est pas le moteur de cette
consommation. À l’inverse, les usages jouent un rôle
prépondérant : Vais-je laisser les fenêtres ouvertes en
hiver ? Vais-je mettre le thermostat à 23°C ou à 17°C ?
Vais-je chauffer uniquement lorsque je suis là, dans les
pièces que j’occupe, ou partout en permanence ? etc.
36
BODEM
WARMTE
37
MASSA
ALS BUFFER
38
VLAK-
VERWARMING
39
INPANDING
GROEN
40
PHASE CHANGE
MATERIALS
Données issues de : Relatie tussen energielabel, werkelijk
energiegebruik en CO2-uitstoot van Amsterdamse
corporatiewoningen - D Majcen, LCM Itard – TU Delft
Le graphique ci-dessus est éloquent et montre la
faiblesse de la stratégie actuelle. Tiré d’une étude
finalisée il y a dix ans déjà et portant sur près de 50.000
logements à Amsterdam, il compare les
consommations réelles avec les consommations
théoriques eu égard à la catégorie PEB des logements 2 .
Une part significative de l’écart entre consommations
théoriques et réelles tient à l’attention des personnes
occupantes et à la configuration de leur logement 4 .
De fait, en effaçant les personnes qui habitent, la
politique actuelle nous donne un chèque en blanc : tant
que nous isolons, nous pouvons consommer sans
modération tout en profitant des subsides. Et c’est bien
ce que nous faisons, comme le mettent en évidence
plusieurs études concernant les effets rebond après
isolation 5 .
Les chiffres sont cinglants : alors que la consommation
réelle devrait chuter drastiquement au fur et à mesure
41
VOCHT
REGULEREND
MATERIAAL
42
PARABOLISCHE
ZONNEBOILERS
44
DAKKAS
43
WIND-
ENERGIE
45
VENTURI-
DAK
que le score PEB glisse de G vers A, on observe au
contraire que cette consommation réelle se maintient à
un niveau relativement constant. La conclusion est
problématique : l’évolution vers un meilleur score PEB
ne se traduit pas par une réduction automatique des
ADD-ONS
BINNENKLIMAAT
SCHIL
CONFIGURATIE
HOOFDVORM
consommations. Ces résultats ont depuis lors été
confirmés par d’autres études, dont une récente
recherche menée en Région bruxelloise, en
collaboration avec la KULeuven et la VUB 3 . Il est temps
de prendre ces conclusions au sérieux.
Rappelons l’évidence : l’enjeu écologique, c’est de faire
baisser la somme de nos consommations, et de le faire
dans le monde réel plutôt que théorique.
CONTEXT
http://peb.limited Les limites à la PEB • 1 sur 4
ART 7.1
ART 6.2
We encourage innovation around new
building typologies and uses
Instead of heating all rooms in a home to the same temperature,
architects show how smaller heated cores, rooms at an
intermediate climate and unheated zones provide quality and
comfort. The shell of a home is layered and zoned. Design
research and competitions activate the power of designers to
apply these alternative climate regimes also in terraced houses
and collective renovation projects.
Architects Lacaton & Vassal applied their
now famous winter façade in collaboration
with 51N4E to one of the residential towers of
Peterbos in Anderlecht (BE). This façade works
all year round as a climatic buffer space between
the outside and inside of the dwellings. © 51N4E
ART 6.3
ART 6.4
We take into account building and urban morphology
The location of housing affects how much sunlight enters and
how. Surrounding buildings, vegetation or outdoor air circulation
offer warmth or coolness. Taking that building and urban morphology
into account provides easy energy gains. For example,
positioning a central lift shaft slightly to the north allows larger
spaces along the southern side of a building to capture more heat.
We adjust incentives and frameworks accordingly
Regulations and frameworks are rebuilt on the basis of the
interventions that prove to work in practice. Buildings are given
a differentiated or even use-based EPC label and a renovation
passport. Efficient energy behaviour is encouraged, for instance
through progressive energy tariffs per occupant, adapted
premium systems, renovation obligation or tax incentives.
CIVIC compiled research on new building
typologies for the energy transition in a lexicon,
conducted as part of IABR–Atelier Rotterdam and
as part of IABR–2018+2020–THE MISSING LINK.
© CIVIC
In an opinion piece, Inter-Environnement Bruxelles
(iEB), a network organization of Brussels residents’
groups, calls for an open debate on the relevance
of the European strategy focusing on the EPB
concept and on how this should be transposed into
regional legislation. © iEB
An environment
enabling neighbourhood
transformation
ACTION 7
SITUATION
PROPOSAL
A house-by-house energy transition targeting individual homeowners seems to many to be the
only way forward, as it ties in with the existing culture, ownership structure and policies. But it is
not enough to make the transition happen in a sufficiently fast, affordable and inclusive manner.
Local authorities find that addressing different goals in an integrated way in an area process at
neighbourhood scale offers a pragmatic solution that also increases financial feasibility. But they
lack the clear direction, mandate, frameworks and support to take on a leading role.
The regional and federal authorities make integrated, fossil-free
neighbourhoods their mission for the coming legislature. To
this end, they give the leading roles to local administrations and
intermunicipal companies, which they support in various ways
to carry out their tasks as well as possible. In partnership with
network organizations, knowledge centres and investment funds,
the local and supra-local authorities announce ‘Operation Energy
Neighbourhoods’. With that programme, they translate the goal
of fossil-free heating by 2040 and emissions-free by 2050 into
neighbourhood projects in many concrete places at the same time.
ART 7.1
We set clear common goals
By communicating which neighbourhoods will go off gas and
when, the practical field – local authorities, citizens and industrial
players alike – know in which direction and according
to what calendar the transition is going to happen. At the
supra-local level, a clear course towards collective energy
systems is set and the places where they are most promising
and preferred are identified. Imposing a deadline automatically
increases the development of a market for new solutions.
The Flemish governing agreement 2024–2029
puts the further tightening of the renovation
obligation on hold. Experts call for such a future
path to be made more rigorous again. © Flemish
Government
ART 7.3
ART 7.4
ART 7.5
ART 7.2
We redraw the supra-local legislative framework
Local authorities are mandated to set the time frame for phasing out fossil systems at specific locations.
They must draw up a neighbourhood action plan for every neighbourhood and determine which energy
company 2.0 will take charge of the implementation. Subsidy frameworks are redrawn so that subsidies
go to the households that need them most. Higher-income households can apply instead for preferential
loans (pre-financing).
ART 7.3
We set up an investment and guarantee fund
A regional fund is set up in which budgets from different departments
and private capital, e.g. from pension funds, are pooled.
This will support families of integrated neighbourhood projects
locally. This can be done in part through subsidies, but also
through pre-financing with long payback periods or by offering
guarantees in function of market development.
In the Natural Gas-Free Neighbourhoods
Programme (NL), 64 neighbourhoods receive a
contribution from the Central Government; in
this way, municipalities themselves are choosing
how to get their neighbourhoods off natural gas.
© Natural Gas-Free Neighbourhoods Programme
ART 7.4
We provide support and implementation capacity at regional level
At regional level, an implementation-oriented agency for the
built environment is established, by analogy with open space.
Their mission and competence is to support local actors in
drawing up integrated area processes on the scale of the
neighbourhood. Neighbourhood projects learn from each other
through a regional platform. Here, strategies and knowledge
are developed that everyone needs. Regional policymakers
from different departments sit at the table and adapt policy
frameworks to the lessons learned.
The core tasks of the National Programme
for Local Heat Transition (NL) are: to support
municipalities with explanations, practical
examples and tools; to identify and put on the
agenda opportunities and obstacles in terms
of implementation and policy; and to monitor
progress of the local heat transition. © National
Programme for Local Heat Transition
ART 7.5
We implement transformative innovation policies through Living Labs
Research projects are oriented towards the complexity of
societal transition: they combine R&D, policy innovation and
societal innovation. Researchers, policymakers and societal
actors work together in long-term Living Labs.
Innovation policy for societal challenges should
be implemented with new policy instruments
based on the ‘co-creation’ of innovation.
© Rathenau Instituut
A neighbourhood approach
as an interplay of actions
A transition is not something that can be achieved through a
single intervention. It requires a coherent set of actions in each
neighbourhood. The seven action fronts therefore aren’t isolated
from each other; they are interconnected and add up to an
impactful operation. In this exhibition, we present one object
for each of the seven action fronts. Each of these pieces offers
a glimpse into a real-life experiment. But just like the actions
themselves, these experiments aren’t isolated. It is only when we
project these experiments together in one neighbourhood that
we can form a clear picture of how to get to work to realize the
energy transition of our built environment.
INITIATION LEARNING-BY-DOING MAINSTREAMING
INITIATION LEARNING-BY-DOING MAINSTREAMING
KEY 6
WHICH PROJECTS CAN
BECOME CATALYSTS
KEY 4
HOW TO CO-DESIGN
THE STEP-BY-STEP STRATEGY
KEY 5
WHO COORDINATES THE
MULTI-STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
KEY 2
HOW TO EMPOWER
LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS
KEY 2
HOW TO EMPOWER
LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS
KEY 4
HOW TO CO-DESIGN
THE STEP-BY-STEP STRATEGY
KEY 1
HOW TO ANALYSE
THE LOCAL CONTEXT
KEY 1
HOW TO ANALYSE
THE LOCAL CONTEXT
1
PED Toolkit Game Board
KEY 5
WHO COORDINATES THE
MULTI-STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
KEY 6
WHICH PROJECTS CAN
BECOME CATALYSTS
This game board is part of the PED Toolkit: Powering
the Energy Transition at the District Level. Together
with the game cards, it allows initiators to draw up
an integrated step-by-step plan for neighbourhood
transformation in a co-creative manner.
© Architecture Workroom for JPI Urban Europe Cities4PEDs
2
Rocket Stove Waffle Iron
City Mine(d)
Brussels (BE)
Using the ‘rocket stove waffle iron’, City Mine(d)
engaged in a dialogue with residents in the Northern
Quarter of Brussels: ‘How do we keep heat inside in
winter and outside in summer?’ The ‘rocket stove
waffle iron’ shows the benefits of insulation in a playful,
culinary and accessible manner.
© Created by artist Daniel Partnitzk, City Mine(d)
3
Heat Scan
Mechelen (BE)
Residents of Mechelen can call on the Heat Scan to
make an informed start on an energy renovation. A
thermographic camera detects heat losses from the
home using infrared technology. Residents can then
ask for individual renovation advice while also enjoying
benefits when they renovate collectively with the
entire neighbourhood.
© City of Mechelen
“Nederland Aarzelt, Vlaanderen Handelt:
Energietransitie in Stroomversnelling”
A B C D E F
“Nederland Aarzelt, Vlaanderen Handelt:
Energietransitie in Stroomversnelling”
5
BoTu neighbourhood instruments
OOZE
Rotterdam (NL)
When drawing up a Local Energy Action Plan (LEAP)
for the Rotterdam neighbourhood of Bospolder-
Tussendijken (BoTu), OOZE designed several tools
to involve residents in the energy transition in their
neighbourhood. These pawns depict possible financing
and organizational models. This helps to make
complex concepts such as governance tangible.
© OOZE architects & urbanists for IABR
A B C D E F
4
Smart Block Geblergasse
Zeiniger Architekten
Vienna (AT)
“Nederland Aarzelt, Vlaanderen Handelt:
Energietransitie in Stroomversnelling”
In the Geblergasse in Vienna, two nineteenth-century
apartment buildings were renovated into 25
units and connected to a local renewable heat
system. Thermal solar panels and 18 geothermal
boreholes combine to provide a stable heat balance.
The system is designed in such a way that it can be
extended in the future to the entire building block.
© Zeininger Architekten
“Nederland Aarzelt, Vlaanderen Handelt:
Energietransitie in Stroomversnelling”
6
A B C D E F
Project Verbiest
AgwA
Sint-Jans Molenbeek (BE)
Instead of wrapping the entire building shell in
polyurethane, the renovation of this house with an
attached warehouse in Molenbeek was carefully
designed according to the heat needs and passive
energy gains. Only a number of essential living
spaces are heated, while other parts evolve in
time with the seasons: the industrial office space
provides coolness in summer, while the conservatory
is nice and warm in spring and autumn.
© AgwA
7
Collective Heat Act
The Collective Heat Act (NL) has been approved by
the Dutch Council of Ministers and is now on the
table of the Council of State and the Lower House.
The law will stipulate that heat companies will be
owned for more than 50% by public authorities, such
as municipalities and provinces. This will facilitate
the rollout of reliable collective heat which, for about
a third of buildings in the Netherlands, is the option
that costs society the least amount of money.
© National government of the Netherlands
INITIATION LEARNING-BY-DOING MAINSTREAMING
KEY 5
WHO COORDINATES THE
MULTI-STAKEHOLDER PROCESS
KEY 4
HOW TO CO-DESIGN
THE STEP-BY-STEP STRATEGY
KEY 2
HOW TO EMPOWER
LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS
KEY 1
HOW TO ANALYSE
THE LOCAL CONTEXT
1
KEY 6
WHICH PROJECTS CAN
BECOME CATALYSTS
3
6
A B C D
2
7
“Nederland Aarzelt, Vlaanderen Handelt:
Energietransitie in Stroomversnelling”
5
4
E
F
OPERATION ENERGY NEIGHBOURHOODS was initiated
and is produced by Architecture Workroom Brussels (AWB),
innovation house for transformation. This is the first edition
of a series of ‘open workrooms’ that AWB is organizing
around the societal transformations it has committed itself
to for 2023–2026: energy districts, sponge landscapes and
societal infrastructure. This exhibition and public programme
are a contribution to both the 100 Neighbourhoods Platform,
a learning and development platform by and for pioneering
projects, and The Great Transformation 2020–2030.
CURATORIAL & RESEARCH TEAM
Chiara Cicchianni
Joachim Declerck
Lene De Vrieze
Hanne Mangelschots
Hannah Nelis
Bram Vandemoortel
PRODUCTION COORDINATION
Roeland Dudal
Caroline Van Eccelpoel
PROGRAMME
Chiara Cicchianni
Joachim Declerck
Roeland Dudal
Hanne Mangelschots
COMMUNICATION
Joline Vermeulen
GRAPHIC DESIGN
studio de Ronners
TRANSLATION & COPY-EDITING
Patrick Lennon
PRINTED BY
Antilope De Bie
Shannon
LIGHTING
Chris Pype, licht
CREDITS
Map © based on Corine Land
Cover and data from the European
Environment Agency and Geofabrik
Graph 1 © based on EUROSTAT
via De Tijd, figures from European
Performance of Buildings Directive
recast (2024)
Graph 2 © based on SWECO,
figures from ALBRECHT, J. (2023)
Renovatiegraad reageert amper op
uitzonderlijk hoge energieprijzen;
EUROSTAT via ODE
Graph 3 and figures © based on
ALBRECHT, J., HAMELS, S. (2020)
The financial barrier to climate and
comfort renovations; (2022) De
financiële barrière voor klimaaten
comfortrenovaties in Brussel;
(2022) Les obstacles financiers
aux rénovations climatiques et
de confort en Wallonie; KONING
BOUDEWIJNSTICHTING (2024)
Barometer Energiearmoede;
ALBRECHT, J. (2021)
Renovatiebeleid in België: weinig
impact en (te) veel ‘free riders’.
INSTALLATION
Anton Parys
Kasper Parys
Jochem Van den Ecker
WITH THE SUPPORT OF
Flemish Government,
Department of Culture