MAFO 02/2025

ISSN 1614-1598 66527

Volume 21

OPHTHALMIC LABS & INDUSTRY

Connect, discover,

stay up-to-date

2/2025

▶ Special:

Smart Processes

The evolution of

cosmetic inspection

Next generation

centering devices

MES-360

▶ Live on Site

Experiencing

the future of

manufacturing in Milan

Between intelligent

production in the

lab and eyeglass

lens science fiction

▶ Spotlight

A strong future

in Orlando?

50 years of

developments in

ophthalmic lenses

A strong IT foundation

is not just a necessity

– it is a game-changer

▶ Market Survey

Industrial edging

OPTIMIZE YOUR LAB’S DAILY PROCESSES, LEVEL UP YOUR

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Eyepress Fachmedien GmbH

Saarner Str. 151

45479 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr

66527

Germany

satisloh.com

Hard Coating Made Easy.

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www.optimal-technologies.com

LETTER

Let´s talk about Germany – when

employees leave, the know-how goes too

Hanna Diewald

Chief editor

Tell us your opinion,

ideas and suggestions:

hanna.diewald@mafo-optics.com

The world is in turmoil. This is true

on a major scale – when we are

talking about wars, defense, tariffs

and trade wars – but it doesn’t stop

at the ophthalmic optics industry. In addition,

there is often also a regional aspect, for example

in Germany. Although MAFO is an international

magazine, we cannot deny our German roots.

Made in Germany – that has always been

something to be proud of. German engineering

is internationally renowned and Germany can

look back on a long history of quality, particularly

in the field of optics. Many traditional

companies hail from here with strong international

brands such as Zeiss and Rodenstock.

However, of all companies, it is precisely these

brands that are now turning their backs on

Germany as a place for producing ophthalmic

lenses. In the space of a few months, three major

lens manufacturers announced they are closing

all or part of their production in Germany and

dismissing a correspondingly large number of

employees.

Zeiss is dramatically reducing its production

volumes in Aalen – even though the Zeiss parent

company achieved record results in 2024. But at

the same time the demand for ophthalmic lenses

is falling.

Rodenstock and its subsidiary Optovision, as was

recently announced, are closing down their entire

lens production in Germany. In future, the lenses

will be produced in the Czech Republic.

Exactly one year ago, MAFO visited the

Optovision production facility and reported on

it in detail. Even back then, not many employees

were needed in the highly automated production.

Which makes it all the more difficult to understand

why a modern production facility – with

a comparatively small workforce – needs to be

relocated abroad.

Some of those who worked there have been with

the company for decades. With the closure, not

only is the production lost, but the employees’

unique know-how as well. Just think, for example,

of the dyers in the lab and the skills of many

other workers.

The fact that Germany has been losing some of

its attraction as an industrial location in recent

years is perhaps not so surprising. Clearly

Germany currently has certain disadvantages as

a business location: industry often complains of

too much bureaucracy and comparatively high

energy costs, for examples.

But for many Germany and optics are inextricably

linked. Besides the lens manufacturers mentioned

above, several of the world's leading equipment

manufacturers for spectacle lens production are

also located here.

If lens manufacturers decide to up-sticks and

leave, isn’t this tantamount to a needless squandering

of our expertise? The players concerned may

counter that the development departments and

strategic planning will still remain in Germany,

but nonetheless it leaves a bitter aftertaste.

It may be advantageous for companies in the

short term to produce more cheaply abroad, but

what about the long term?

In view of the current situation, isn’t simply relocating

spectacle lens production abroad too

short-sighted? The shortage of skilled workers

in Germany means that competitive technologies

are also being relocated abroad – along with the

know-how.

What remains is a certain bitterness and the

nagging question: Is this really necessary? Was

the focus really on the long-term prosperity of

the companies? Or was it rather about maximizing

profits in the short term?

Either way, one cannot turn the clock back. But

as employees depart, so too does their know-how.

Thus the all-important question remains, where

will the journey end if this trend continues?

MAFO 2-25 3

Exhibition dates

2025/26

Stay up-to-date

April 10 – 13, 2025

Expo Óptica Brasil 2025

Expo Center Norte, Sao Paulo

(Brazil)

September 17-20, 2025

Vision Expo West

The Venetian Expo, Las Vegas

(USA)

January 16-18, 2026

opti Munich

Munich exhibition center, Munich

(Germany)

Publication date: May 19, 2025

MAFO 03/2025

Sustainable Environments

Survey generating

August 29-31, 2025

International OpticsFAIR

India

Bharat Madapam (Pragati Maidan),

Delhi (India)


SILMO Paris

Paris Nord Villepinte, Paris (France)

Publication date: September 08, 2025

MAFO 05/2025

Go Green!

Survey hard coating

SPECIAL: Product trade show preview

January 30

MAFO – The Conference

Fiera Milano Rho, Milano (Italy)

January 31 – February 2, 2026

MIDO Eyewear Show

Fiera Milano Rho, Milano (Italy)

Publication date: July 01, 2025

MAFO 04/2025

Connected Products

NEW Survey cosmetic inspection


CIOF (China International

Optics Fair)

China International Exhibition

Centre, Beijing (China)

November 17-18, 2025

VisionPlus EXPO

Dubai World Trade Center, Dubai

(United Arab Emirates)

November 19-22, 2025

SILMO Istanbul Optical

Fair

Istanbul Expo Center, Istanbul

(Turkey)

Publication date: January 5, 2025

MAFO 01/2026

Smart Processes

Survey cleaning

March 11-14, 2026

Vision Expo East

Orange County Convention Center

(OCCC), Orlando (USA)

Publication date: November 17, 2025

MAFO 06/2025

Markets Worldwide

Survey AR coating

MARCH / APRIL 2025

Content

Topics in this edition

MAFO issue

March / April

2025

Page 23

Page 12

Page 30

At a glance

6

All about you

News from the international ophthalmic industry

7

All about markets

Data in graphics

8

All about products

Innovations and products for your lab

42

Survey

Industrial edging

45

Suppliers Guide

Overview of companies in the spectacle

lens industry

48

Pioneers in ophthalmic optics

Hermann von Helmholtz

49

Outlook

Closing with good news and preview

on MAFO 03/2025

Spotlight

10

Four smart processes

23

A strong future in Orlando?

Vision Expo East 2025

30

A strong IT foundation is not just a

necessity – it is a game-changer

By Nabil Gharbieh and Tara Donohue Bartels

34

50 years of developments in

ophthalmic lenses

By Dr. Mo Jalie

Technology

12

The evolution of cosmetic

inspection

By Dr. François Van Lishout

16

Next generation centering

devices

By Dr. Pau Artús

Special

Topic

Special

Topic

Special

Topic

Live on site

20

Between intelligent production

in the lab and eyeglass lens

science fiction

MAFO – The Conference 2025

26

Experiencing the future of


Mido 2025

Business

39

Networking in perfection

By Oliver Schumacher

Special

Topic

MAFO 2-25 5

INTERNATIONAL NEWS

All about you

News from the international ophthalmic industry

Picture: The Vision Council

Tariff update by

The Vision Council

On March 6, The Vision Council (TVC) held

an online event for members with in-depth

information about the tariff situation in the US that makes waves worldwide.

The webinar is still available online. Despite the constantly changing situation,

Rick Van Arnam tried to precisely classify the current situation

and provide the participants with all the important information – although

these may change at any time. Many of the high tariffs in question, have

a direct impact on the ophthalmic optics industry. For example, many

optical products are imported into the USA from China and Mexico. The

tariffs now in force on the import of steel and aluminum into the USA

will probably also have a direct impact on the ophthalmic optics industry.

TVC will continue to inform about current developments.

Amazon enters German eyewear market

Amazon announced the launch of Amazon Optics, a new shopping experience

that allows customers in Germany to buy prescription eyewear online.

With Amazon Optics, customers can choose from a selection of frames

and access different options for single-vision lenses. The customized glasses

are then shipped within around four to eleven working days. However, the

company does not offer progressives, bifocals or similar lenses and also a

vision test method or other special features are not yet available on the

website. Wherefore, customers still have to visit their local ECPs.

flō Optics raised $35 million dollar and collaborates

with MEI systems

flō Optics, an Israeli technology

company that has developed

a solution for coatings

on optical lenses using digital

printing technology, has

announced that it has raised

Printed coatings. Picture: Hanna Diewald $35 million in Series A funding.

The round was led by leading global strategic entities from the

ophthalmic industry, joined by existing and new Israeli and international

shareholders. Amongst these, one of the key strategic investors joining

flō Optics with a minority investment is MEI Systems. At Mido the

company presented their first machine.

opti 2025: A powerful

start into the

optical year

opti 2025 in Munich once

again sent out a strong

signal for international

ophthalmic optics over the

three event days. The trade

Picture: GHM

show proved how well it

functions as a platform for innovation, dialogue, future-oriented

technologies and trends. According to the organizers the number

of 21,105 trade visitors with a decision-maker rate of more than 70

percent spoke for a very successful event. 330 exhibitors from 23

countries, including 190 registrations from Germany were at the

show.

The overall positive atmosphere that characterized Opti 2025 was

the result of intensive cooperation between the organizer team,

exhibitors and industry representatives, which was driven forward

with new ideas throughout last year. Cathleen Kabashi, Head of

Opti, on the trade fair: “Opti remains on course for success! After

Opti 2024, we went one better and it paid off. Combining our

information hubs in the Opti Hub Arena and the joint platform

for contact lens manufacturers, Tomorrow Vision, was very well

received by visitors and exhibitors alike. And confirmed to us that

both the concept and Opti as an annual kick-off are a success.

The latter is based on the close cooperation with our stakeholders

and the strong community - it's the sense of community that makes

Opti what it is!” The next Opti will take place in Munich from January

16 to 18, 2026.

Bühler Leybold Optics and Mirapro announce

collaboration for AI-driven lens inspection and more

Bühler Leybold Optics announced a collaboration with Mirapro, a

Japanese based renowned technical innovation and AI solutions

provider. This partnership combines Bühler’s expertise in thin-film

vacuum coating and Mirapro´s AI based cosmetic lens inspection

technology. For Bühler this is a significant step towards a complete

value chain lab solution and it marks a milestone in bringing the

benefits of this technology to the ophthalmic industry.

You have news for the ophthalmic industry? Submit your press releases to:

rebekka.nurkanovic@mafo-optics.com or pauline.moeller@mafo-optics.com

6

MAFO 2-25

INTERNATIONAL NEWS

All about markets

Graphical data

70%

92%

Europe: According to a study the three biggest challenges

for Chief Financial Officers (CFO) in Europe

are: the geopolitical instability with 70 % of CFOs

mentioning that. A high volatility in energy costs

(66 %) and inflation (64 %).

Source: Global CFO

Report by management consultancy FTI Consulting

USA: More than 240 million adults in the

United States, or 92 percent of the population,

regularly use some form of eyewear,

demonstrating the essential

role of optical products in daily life.

Source: The Vision Council

€137.93

billion

Source: The Vision Council.

Worldwide: In 2025, revenue in the global ophthalmic

optics market is expected to be around €137.93 billion.

According to the forecast, the market volume is

expected to grow to €157.29 billion by 2029,

which corresponds to annual sales growth of

3.36% (CAGR 2025-2029).

Source: Statista

MAFO 2-25 7

INTERNATIONAL NEWS

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All about products

Innovations and working materials for your lab

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8

MAFO 2-25

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Smart Processes

SPOTLIGHT

Keeping an eye on production trends

Four important tech developments

For innovation and strategy development, it is helpful to be aware of emerging technologies, trends and strategies

that arise in our digital world. The Gartner Emerging Tech Impact Radar, for example, provides orientation on

many tech-related topics that are becoming relevant for companies in future. MAFO has summarized four

developments from the radar.

1.

Smart world

The smart world is about how we are finding a new way of interacting thanks

to new technologies. This refers to the way we interact with people, places, content

and things – also by linking offline and online experiences. Accordingly, the smart

world includes various technological developments that are changing production and

our lives now and in the future. For example:

Digital twins generate a digital representation by mirroring the state of single or

multiple physical or virtual objects, processes, people or organizations.

AI avatars are human-like virtual personalities that are created using computergenerated

images and various AI techniques and applications.

Spatial computing combines virtual elements with a physical environment to offer

an enhanced, interactive experience.

2.

Productivity revolution

This topic illustrates the productivity potential of generative artificial intelligence

(GenAI), which contributes significantly to its widespread use in organizations. According

to Gartner “By 2025, generative AI will be embedded in 80% of dialog-oriented AI offerings,

compared to 20% in 2023”. Some examples:

GenAI describes technologies that can generate new, derived versions of content, strategies,

designs and methods by learning from large repositories of original source content. GenAI

enabled virtual assistants (VAs) represent a new generation of VAs that use LLMs (Large

Language Models) to provide superior functionality.

Model compression is a combination of techniques that reduce the size of a trained neural

network for use on small devices or to increase the capacity of a centralized system.

Intelligent applications use one or more AI techniques to learn from external, alternative

data sources.

10 MAFO 2-25

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3.

Privacy and transparency

This topic focuses on making the right business

and ethical decisions when adopting AI and applying

AI design principles that benefit people and society.

For example:

Human-centered AI (HCAI) is a common AI design

principle that calls for AI to continuously benefit from

human input.

Behavioral analytics refers to session tracking capabilities

that monitor user interactions with a protected service

to create trust models to distinguish fraudsters, trusted

users and bots.

Privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) are a set of

robust approaches that enable the processing of information

while protecting the underlying personal data.

4.

Key enablers

To guide which technologies to evaluate

and where to invest, this theme focuses on the expectations

for new applications - some of which will

enable new use cases and others will enhance existing

experiences. For example:

Blockchain is a special technology for data storage

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Quantum processors are chips that consist of qubits

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LEO satellite mega-constellations can provide global

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Smart Processes

TECHNOLOGY

The evolution of cosmetic

inspection

From human supremacy to hybrid intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) has dramatically evolved across various industries, from gaming to manufacturing.

A striking example is chess, where AI transitioned from rudimentary programs weaker than humans in the

1950's to AlphaZero’s unprecedented dominance in 2017. This evolution mirrors the progress in cosmetic

inspection of ophthalmic lenses, where machines are moving from simple assistance to eventual full

automation. By Dr. François Van Lishout

Today, the industry stands in the second era, where machines

outperform humans in detecting certain defects but still

require human oversight. This article explores how hybrid-

AI strategies can optimize today’s processes while paving

the way for full automation.

Automation in lens manufacturing is not just about efficiency; it also

impacts quality control, cost reduction, and scalability. The push towards

automation originates from the growing demand for precision and

consistency in lens production.

Optical laboratories and manufacturers are increasingly relying

on intelligent systems to reduce human intervention while

maintaining high accuracy. Understanding the different phases

of AI’s evolution in this sector provides a roadmap for future

developments.

12

MAFO 2-25

Smart Processes

TECHNOLOGY

Fig.1 : AI evolution in chess and cosmetic inspection.

The evolution of AI:

from chess to cosmetic inspection

AI evolution can be understood through four distinct eras, as illustrated

in figure 1.

Human supremacy

(1950s in chess, 1980s in cosmetic inspection)

In the early days of chess AI, human players vastly outperformed machines.

Similarly, in the 1980s, machines for cosmetic inspection existed but

were far too inaccurate for real-world production. Human inspectors

remained the only viable solution for detecting lens defects.

Human-machine complementarity

(1980s in chess, 2020s in cosmetic inspection)

By the 1980s, chess programs had become competitive in certain areas,

such as calculating deep tactical combinations, while still lagging in

overall strategic understanding. The same trend is now occurring in

cosmetic inspection. Machines can detect certain types of defects more

consistently than humans, but human expertise is still required to

verify complex cases.

Machine domination with human knowledge

(2000s in chess, future of cosmetic inspection ~2030?)

In the early 2000s, chess engines like Deep Blue and Stockfish dominated

human players but still relied on human-engineered evaluation functions.

Similarly, by 2030, machines may surpass humans in all aspects

of cosmetic defect detection but still use rules and models shaped by

human expertise.

Autonomous machine supremacy

(2017 in chess, future of cosmetic inspection ~2040?)

In 2017, AlphaZero revolutionized chess by learning entirely on its

own, without relying on human knowledge. The future of cosmetic

inspection could follow the same trajectory, where AI systems optimize

decision-making based on vast datasets, predictive maintenance, and

customer feedback, eliminating human intervention altogether.

Hybrid-AI strategy

To bridge the gap between human expertise and machine automation,

a hybrid-AI approach is essential. Our goal is to provide a solution that

maximizes today’s machine capabilities while enabling the transition

towards full automation.

A purely AI-based approach, where an AI model is trained on human

decisions, presents several challenges. It requires extensive retraining

when production changes, lacks transparency, and inherits human

errors, preventing it from exceeding human performance.

A black-box AI system with limited interpretability poses risks in

production settings, where understanding the decision-making process

is crucial for quality assurance.

In contrast, our hybrid-AI strategy leverages both image processing

techniques and AI, but primarily relies on a rule-based approach

for defects.

The defect detection library was developed by our provider IOT, while

Automation & Robotics was responsible for all other aspects, including

MAFO 2-25 13

Smart Processes

TECHNOLOGY

the machine itself, the decision rules, and the optimization of acquisitions

to maximize defect visibility.

This approach ensures adaptability through simple parameter adjustments

rather than time-consuming AI retraining. It also provides

explainability, allowing quality teams to understand and improve the

system over time. The method is grounded in expert-defined defect

criteria, making it a structured and verifiable solution with the potential

to evolve into full automation.

Fig. 2: Diagram illustrating the hybrid-AI decision process in lens

inspection. The majority of decisions (>90%) are made automatically

with high accuracy and consistency, while complex cases (<10%) are

reviewed by human inspectors for expert validation.

Implementing hybrid-AI in practice

The implementation of hybrid-AI follows a two-phase approach. The

first phase involves a tuning period, where quality managers validate

machine decisions over a short period of time. This allows for fine-tuning

parameters to match production requirements.

During this phase, the system does not replace human inspectors but

acts as an advisor. The feedback loop created between the machine and

inspectors is essential in refining the machine’s decision-making

process. The more interactions the machine undergoes, the better it

becomes at distinguishing acceptable lenses from defective ones.

The second phase transitions to automated inspection, where machines

make definitive decisions for at least 90% of lenses. The exact

figure depends on the prevalence of the lab. The remaining cases

are reviewed by human inspectors, ensuring accuracy while minimizing

human workload. At this stage, reliance on human intervention

is greatly reduced, leading to increased efficiency and reliability in

defect detection.

For enhanced inspection, full lens inspection can be used. This approach

combines both metrological and cosmetic inspection within the same

machine, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of each lens. The

metrological inspection assesses lens parameters such as curvature,

thickness, prism, addition, shape, mapping, polarization axis, and

optical power, while the cosmetic inspection detects surface defects

that could impact lens quality.

Figure 3 illustrates how the system processes the lens, identifying rejecting

defects (red), non-rejecting defects (green), and areas where specific

decision thresholds apply. This integrated approach enhances consistency,

minimizes subjectivity, and allows manufacturers to maintain

high-quality standards with a single automated solution.

Fig. 3 : Full lens inspection. Metrology results displayed at the top, cosmetic

inspection in the middle, and a summary of the decisions at the

bottom. Blue represents the lens edge, grey indicates the cut lens edge,

red marks rejecting defects, and green denotes non-rejecting defects.

Experimental validation

A real-world study conducted at a UK client facility demonstrated the

impact of machine-assisted inspection. Without assistance, human

inspectors rejected 1.6% of lenses. With machine support, this rate

increased to 3.5%, aligning closely with the estimated defect prevalence

of 3.7%. This suggests that machine-assisted inspection doubled the

accuracy of defect detection, leading to a 50% reduction in defective

lenses reaching customers.

Further testing was conducted with two prototypes deployed in German

and UK facilities. To objectively assess the performance of the hybrid-AI

system, we used six key metrics:

True positive rate (TPR): Measures the proportion of actual defects

correctly identified by the system. A high TPR indicates that the system

effectively detects defective lenses.

True negative rate (TNR): Reflects the proportion of non-defective

lenses correctly classified as defect-free. A high TNR ensures that good

lenses are not mistakenly rejected.

Defect prevalence: Represents the estimated proportion of defective

lenses in a batch, providing context for interpreting detection

performance.

14

MAFO 2-25

Smart Processes

TECHNOLOGY

False omission rate (FOR): Indicates how often defective lenses are

incorrectly classified as defect-free. A low FOR is crucial to minimizing

the number of defective lenses reaching customers.

Yield: The percentage of lenses passing inspection. A higher yield

indicates fewer false rejections and efficient screening.

Human review rate: The proportion of lenses requiring manual validation.

Lower values reflect a more autonomous and reliable AI system.

Metric Prototype 1 Prototype 2

True positive rate 90.0% 89.2%

Ture negative rate 94.4% 99.8%

Defect prevalence 5.0% 3.7%

False omission rate 0.6% 0.4%

Yield 90.1% 96.5%

Human review rate 9.9% 3.5%

Conclusion

The integration of hybrid-AI in cosmetic inspection has successfully

addressed industry needs, improving defect detection accuracy while

maintaining operational efficiency. The combination of human expertise

and machine analysis has proven to be a powerful approach, reducing

the number of rechecks and significantly minimizing defective lenses

reaching customers.

As the technology evolves, the potential for reducing human intervention

further increases. The transition to fully autonomous inspection systems

will require continued research. Nonetheless, hybrid-AI serves as a

critical stepping stone, providing immediate benefits and setting the

foundation for future advancements in ophthalmic lens inspection.

Manufacturers that embrace hybrid-AI now will be well-positioned

for the next wave of automation, ensuring both quality and efficiency

in an increasingly competitive market. ◆

The results demonstrated significant improvements in defect detection

accuracy, yielding high true positive and true negative rates while

maintaining low false omission rates. The number of defective lenses

reaching customers was reduced by a factor of 10 compared to an unassisted

process, highlighting the effectiveness of hybrid-AI. The table

above summarizes the performance of two prototype systems tested

in Germany and the UK.

The high true positive and true negative rates demonstrate the effectiveness

of hybrid-AI in accurately classifying both defective and nondefective

lenses. The low false omission rate ensures that very few defective

lenses go undetected, improving product quality. The significant reduction

in human review rates, particularly in prototype 2, highlights how the

system minimizes manual workload while maintaining high

precision.

Dr. François Van Lishout

Dr. François Van Lishout is the Cosmetic Inspection Project Leader

at Automation & Robotics. He specializes in AI, probability, statistics,

algorithmics, image processing, agility, and robotics. He holds an

M.Sc. in Computer Engineering and a Ph.D. in Engineering from the

University of Liège, Belgium.

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Smart Processes

TECHNOLOGY

Next generation centering devices

AI is taking over

The process of measuring the position of the spectacles frame in relation to a user's face and pupils is

called the centering process. Its purpose is to provide the optician with the necessary measurements

to correctly order the lenses. For a long time, this process was carried out by hand, but there are now

numerous digital methods and even technology using AI to improve the process. By Dr. Pau Artús

The result of this centering process can be divided into

two sets of data. First, the coordinates of the pupil

relative to the frame edges, known as the frame box,

are obtained. These coordinates include the fitting

height and nasopupillary distances (Fig. 1). Second, there is another

set of data that involves the position of the final lens in relation to

the user's face, including the distance to the cornea (Back Vertex

Distance), pantoscopic angle, and wrap angle. However, both types

of data can significantly impact the comfort of the spectacles user

if the measurements are not taken with sufficient precision, especially

the first set. Misalignment of the optical centers of the lenses with

the pupil position can cause a range of symptoms, from double

vision and difficulty finding the intermediate and near areas in

PAL lenses to headaches in extreme cases.

The second set of parameters may not have as severe consequences,

but inadequate measurements can lead to incorrect optical power

reaching the retina and insufficient compensation for oblique astigmatism

when the lens is placed at extreme orientation angles or distances

in front of the eye.

Manual centering process

Traditionally, optometrists have been trained in schools and universities

to perform the centering process manually. They often use a marker

pen to mark the position of the pupil on the sample lens of the frame

being measured. Then, a ruler is used to determine the coordinates of

that mark relative to the frame box. Additionally, special rulers are

used to determine the second set of parameters, such as back vertex

distance, pantoscopic angle, and wrap angle.

This method usually lacks precision and repeatability and, more importantly,

does not present a very sophisticated image for the optical store.

Chances of digital methods

Digital methods have been introduced over the years that can both

improve precision and enhance the technological image of the optical

store. In particular, centering methods based on tablets have become

quite common. This technique involves taking pictures of the user

wearing the frame with a special mask added to provide visual references

for the graphical analysis software.

The outcome is usually very reliable in terms of precision, but the

measuring process can be tedious, involving the adjustment of the

mask to the frame, taking pictures from the front and side of the user,

and finally making manual adjustments on the tablet software to ensure

all visual references on the mask are correctly identified.

The frame-face object as an 3D system

Other digital methods have been developed over the years with a more

sophisticated approach, using ideas that date back more than 20 years

but required technological maturity in other areas, such as electronics,

to finally succeed and become commercially competitive. Stereoscopic

pairs of cameras that take synchronized pictures can be used to reconstruct

the frame-face object into a 3D system by inferring the depth

position of each pixel.

These systems have been on the market for a few years and have been

improving with each new version. They offer significant advantages

over the previously mentioned methods in terms of precision and

simplification of the process from the user's standpoint. Their measurement

process can be divided into three main steps: photography capture,

revision of feature identification, and results outcome (Fig. 2).

Photography capture process

Photography capture is one of the strong points of this technology, as

opposed to tablets, because a single shot is taken that, including the

user positioning process, only takes a few seconds and it does not require

the use of any mask or specific gadget. The optometrist only needs to

ensure the patient is correctly placed in front of the equipment in a

relaxed, neutral position. Once that is done, the capture itself takes

less than one second. After pictures have been acquired, the internal

algorithm positions each pixel from each camera in 3D space, followed

by the identification of the pupil within the frame limits. Pupil positioning

can be based on different available technologies, such as graphical

analysis using trained AI models or direct cornea reflection using IR

light. Both turn out to be very reliable.

Frame detection is required to locate the limits of the frame on the

pictures and determine the box size, but the difficulty lies on being

able to graphically distinguish the frame textures from the background,

i.e. shadows on the skin, eyebrows or even objects placed behind the

16

MAFO 2-25

Smart Processes

TECHNOLOGY

Smart Processes

TECHNOLOGY

HORIZONTAL Current & VERTICAL Centering BOXING methods

FITTING HEIGHT

NASO-PUPILLARY DISTANCE

VERTEX DISTANCE

DBL

PANTOSCOPIC ANGLE

WRAP ANGLE

Fig. 1: Lens centering measurement. Patient and frame data needed for lens calculation. Picture: Horizons Optical

PHOTO

ADJUSTMENTS

RESULTS

Process of

adjustment assisted

by the practitioner

Fig. 2: Scheme of the operative steps of advanced centering process based on 3D reconstruction. Picture: Horizons Optical

user. The practitioner has no other choice but reviewing the boxes

picture by picture to ensure they are well-located and validate all the

shots before the results can be calculated. Once this is done, all parameters

will be readily calculated on the same device or later on a

Backoffice web page where all the results can be consulted.

AI as a fundamental pillar

In today's world, AI is increasingly becoming a fundamental pillar

for enhancing products and processes across various services and

industries. AI is used to create new solutions or predict outcomes in

many fields, making it an excellent tool to simplify people's lives. The

field of centering devices is no exception. AI can provide an innovative

solution that incorporates this advanced technology to facilitate the

work of opticians.In fact, the time-consuming task of validating

frame boxes can be greatly optimized with the incorporation of AI,

leading to significant improvements. At Horizons Optical, we have

implemented this type of solution to verify its suitability by studying

the algorithm's precision and measuring the time improvements from

the practitioner's perspective.

To achieve these advancements, a predictive AI can be employed to

enhance the detection of frame boxes using computer vision algorithms

and convolutional neural networks (CNN), an advanced deep learning

technique. The model can be trained with an extensive dataset consisting

of thousands of images of boxes previously adjusted by opticians, allowing

the system to learn specific and relevant patterns for the task. Specifically,

a bounding box detection model can be used to accurately identify

relevant areas in the images and automatically adjust them (Fig. 3).

Once implemented, two experiments were conducted to gather

objective data:

A. 220 measurements were performed by two different practitioners on

various users who were unaware of whether AI was enabled or not.

Half of the measurements had AI enabled, while the other half did not.

B. 64 measurements were performed by two practitioners on four

users with a variety of frames, including plastic, metal, full frame,

rimless, and semi-rimless. Practitioners did not know either when

AI assistance was activated.

The results were evaluated based on:

▶ Improved precision before any assistant correction

▶ Number of measurements that did not require any correction

▶ Overall adjustment time decrease

The calculated error of the box adjustment in pixels significantly improved

in both mean error and standard distribution when AI was

enabled, meaning the results were consistently closer to zero error.

Consequently, the number of times the practitioner needed no adjustment

at all decreased from 60% to 24% of the measurements. Interestingly,

among this 24%, the adjustments were much smaller (Fig. 4).

More importantly, the time required for the box adjustment step

decreased by 70%, from an average of 31 seconds down to only 9

18

MAFO 2-25

Smart Processes

Large amount of high

quality data

AI to make life easier

TECHNOLOGY

The actual process has been used to build a large

database set of measurements with image analysis

algorithm-based results and the correction

supplied by the store assistant.

Large amount of high

quality data

The actual Eyebrows process and has shadows been used are common to build aerrors large of

AI database to make image life set analysis-based easier of measurements algorithms. with image analysis

algorithm-based results and the correction

supplied by the store assistant.

ORIGINAL

ASSISTANT CORRECTED

AI-BASED

ORIGINAL

ASSISTANT CORRECTED

AI-BASED

Eyebrows and shadows are common errors of

image analysis-based algorithms.

Fig.3: Prediction of frame box adjustment without AI (red) and after AI application (blue). Manual adjustment shown as a ground truth (green).

% OF MEASURES ADJUSTED *

WITHOUT

AI

60%

WITH

AI

24%

Old approach New approach Truth

*Considering adjustment below 3px.

Fig. 4: Results and adjustment time. Percentage of measurements that did not require any kind adjustment.

seconds. Therefore, AI assistance resulted in a much more robust

system and a more appealing experience that fully achieved the desired

functionality while improving optometrist operations.

Increases practitioner engagement

These results demonstrate the profound impact this technology can

have on the use of advanced centering devices. In fact, an extended

analysis of device uses in stores after enabling AI assistance clearly

revealed increased practitioner engagement. The average number of

monthly measurements in stores increased by nearly 50% after AI was

enabled.

In conclusion

The integration of AI into tools like centering devices is a clear

example of how technology can solve problems and transform

traditional industries such as optics. Specifically, AI has led to:

▶ Improved automatic detection: The accuracy of box detection at the

pixel level has increased by 75%.

▶ Fewer manual adjustments: Previously, opticians had to make readjustments

in 60% of cases. Now, only 24% of detections require

human intervention.

▶ Time savings: Necessary adjustments are now made 70% faster

thanks to usability improvements in the interface. The new

adjustments screen design reduces the number of clicks and

time required.

In the future, it will become increasingly common to find applications

with AI layers that enhance functionalities and optimize processes.

The advancements achieved with AI are not only real but also mark a

significant improvement in the efficiency of the optical industry,

demonstrating the true potential of these technologies.

Dr. Pau Artús

Pau Artús, Chief Innovation Officer at Horizons Optical got his Bachelor

Degree in Chemistry at Universitat de Barcelona. Later on he achieved a

M.Sc. in Molecular Magnetism at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana,

in 2000. He obtained a Ph.D. in mechanical properties of plastic materials

for ophthalmic lenses in 2009 (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya) and

in 2011 he studied a Masters Degree in Innovation Management (Universitat

Pompeu Fabra). His professional career in the ophthalmic field started in

the Lens R&D Department of Indo, whereb he He later became the Lens

R&D Department Manager. In 2017 the whole Lens R&D Department of

Indo became the Innovation Department of the newly created Horizons

Optical. Here, Pau initially took the role of Technical Operations Director

and later became the Chief Innovation Officer of the company in 2019.

MAFO 2-25 19

Smart Processes

LIFE ON SITE

Between intelligent production

in the lab and eyeglass lens

science fiction

23 rd MAFO - The Conference in Milan

What is driving the ophthalmic lens industry and what developments will accompany us in the coming years?

These and similar questions get discussed at the annual MAFO - The Conference. This year, 15 speakers from

all over the world provided insights into innovative technologies, new processes and eyeglass products of

the future. Be it about autofocus spectacle lenses, automated cosmetic inspection or autonomous refraction.

Once again, the event was enriched by in-depth knowledge transfer and lively discussions. By Hanna Diewald

20

MAFO 2-25

Smart Processes

LIFE ON SITE

Exactly one day before Mido, on Friday, February 7, 2025, the annual

industry get-together took place. MAFO – The Conference is organized

by MAFO (Manufacturer´s Forum) and is dedicated to ophthalmic

lens experts from all over the world; be it lab managers, R&D experts,

product managers and many more.

The event was moderated by long-time Chairman Dr. Peter Baumbach.

As usual, he was happy to draw the speakers out of their shells and

guided the audience through the day with his expert knowledge and

as always, a touch of humor.

This year, the event took place for the 23rd time and brought together

more than 90 international participants. In addition, 15 speakers gave

presentations on the latest industry topics. This year's focus was on the

topic of “The optical lab in a smart world”. The panel discussion, which

marked the last, at least official, item on the day's program, was also

dedicated to this topic. But let us start at the beginning.

Autofocus lenses – is this still science fiction?

The first presentation of the day was probably a jump into the

unexpected for many. Dr. Bruno Berge and Dr. Jessica Jarosz from

Laclarée presented a version of the glasses of the future for presbyopes.

The smart glasses use autofocus to automatically adjust to different

focal lengths so that the user can see clearly at any distance – without

the need for PALs!

The functional principle of this e-focus technology is as follows: lenses

filled with liquid are separated from deformable membranes. The

correction is adjusted by changing the membrane curvature. The focus

distance of the wearer is measured using an infrared sensor and adjusted

in real time. The glasses can be used to correct ametropia as well as

additions of up to three diopters. At the conference participants could

try those smart glasses in real trough the companies trial glasses, that

will support ECPs in future.

Automated cosmetic inspection – a hot topic

Automated cosmetic inspection is currently an important topic that

many machine manufacturers are jumping on board. No wonder, after

all, traditional cosmetic inspection is an important process step that

until recently was considered impossible to automate. New technologies

such as AI have now changed this. It is therefore hardly surprising that

three speakers at the conference shed light on this important topic in

the manufacturing process.

It began with Dr. Marcel Mahner from Schneider, who presented a

complete inspection solution. On the one hand, thanks to the new

on-block power measurements in-line. On the other hand, thanks to

a new solution that combines full-map power measurement and AIbased

cosmetic inspection.

This was followed by Dr. François Van Lishout (Automation & Robotics)

and Eduardo Pascual (IOT), who shed light on cosmetic inspection

from another perspective by contrasting a pure-AI strategy with a

hybrid-AI strategy and presenting findings from a pilot project (see

article on page 12).

The extension of the Minkwitz theorem

Individualization is another important topic for lens manufacturers.

The next presentation by Dr. Wolfgang Becken from Rodenstock was

highly mathematical. Step by step, the expert explained why the

company has recently started to extend the Minkwitz theorem and

how a “generalized Minkwitz theorem” is derived from this.

Progressive addition lenses should benefit from this, thanks to the

reduction of unwanted astigmatism in the periphery. Together with

the so-called concept of visual sensitivity, highly individualized lenses

can be created for users with different sensitivities.

Optical performance of myopia control lenses

Myopia control in children is becoming an increasingly important

issue. There are now many solutions for this, but the best known in

the field of ophthalmic lenses is still the Hoya design.

But how can someone evaluate the optical performance of a lens with

a micro lens array structure, for example? Dr. Hua Qi from Hoya explained

this and more in his detailed presentation. In any case, mapping

is necessary for the correct analysis, as the optical property varies

across the spectacle lens.

A lab without paper?

There are many different strategies for sustainable production in the

lab. One is to replace the traditional paper job tickets with e-tickets.

In addition to eliminating paper, this has other advantages aswell,

which Joanna Zhang and Xavier Bultez from Satisloh explained in

their presentation.

Thanks to the fusion of different technologies such as RFID chips, ESL,

on-screen technologies or a unified HMI, there could be various advantages

in the lab of tomorrow. For example, tracking, batching and

on-the-fly data updates increase operational efficiency. This in turn

can save costs and increase customer satisfaction.

Price calculation for spectacle lenses

André Durow's next presentation focused on the high pricing of

spectacle lenses and the lack of comparability from the customer's

perspective, which was underlined by comparing lenses and cars. The

master optician took a somewhat provocative approach to developers

and lens manufacturers in particular, which led to some discussions.

The majority of the audience would have probably agreed that it is

more difficult to compare lenses than cars. However, there was no

consensus between the speaker and the audience as to the extent to

which developers or manufacturers are responsible for improving the

comparability or change price calculation.

Digital printing of color on spectacle lenses

The conference continued with a not entirely new but rather unusual

method of tinting or printing lenses. Koji Abe and Miho Uechi from

Nidek presented how the company has been applying color to eyeglass

lenses using dry tinting technology for 20 years.

MAFO 2-25 21

Smart Processes

LIFE ON SITE

Instead of the usual dipping method, the color is printed onto a transfer

film, which then transfers the color to the lens. According to the

speakers, the advantages are that the color control is carried out by

the computer and inkjet printer; no special expertise is required. In

addition, special designs can also be printed, the water consumption

is extremely reduced and the process is therefore more sustainable.

Filtration and waste management

The topic of sustainability continued with the presentation by Jamal

El-Hindi from Filtertech. Filtering and, above all, reusing swarf residues

in production is sometimes a challenge and is therefore neglected by

many companies.

Why waste management and filtration are often even a smart

investment was explained by showing various methods: how the

filtration of residues generally works, how swarf reduction can be

achieved, for example through swarf briquetting, what solutions

are available for waste water treatment and what is done with the

recycled materials.

Centering devices with AI

The measurement of wearing parameters in the optical store is a core

task for ECPs. But while some experts are still cling to their classic

measuring methods such as pupillometers and pens, others celebrate

the most modern measuring methods of today – for the accuracy but

also to impress the customers.

In his presentation, Dr. Pau Artús from Horizons explained how AI

enriches modern measurement methods in terms of precision, time

and how it improves the user experience (see article on page 16).

Autonomous and lifelike refraction

Just like the first presentation of the day, the last presentation of the

day had a little bit of science fiction for ophthalmic lens experts. In

this case, the focus was on a special light-field display that is set to

revolutionize subjective refraction and could also be exciting for smart

glasses. Dr. Tomas Sluka from CREAL explained why, in his opinion,

today's AR displays ignore the eye's natural focus mechanism. The

innovative light-field display, on the other hand, is designed to create

a natural vision experience thanks to real depth. There is no fixed focal

plane.

On the one hand, the technology can be used for subjective refraction.

In the future, refraction could be carried out autonomously and the

user experience could be revolutionized, as any conceivable image

can be generated digitally. In the distant future however, refraction

in VR glasses would also be conceivable. (Read more about that topic

in MAFO 01/2025 https://mafo-optics.com/magazine/)

In parallel, the company also works on smart glasses.

Panel: the optical lab in a smart word

However, the last presentation this year did not mean that the event

was over. Instead, it ended with a panel discussion with three lab experts,

instead of four as originally planned, as Mirjam Rösch from Hoya was

unable to attend.

Dr. Matthias Neumann (Rodenstock), Dan Baker (Ocuco) and Dr. Tomas

Sluka (CREAL) discussed several questions around the topic “The

optical lab in a smart world” and gave exciting insights into current

developments and future-relevant topics.

Special thanks and save the date

The next MAFO - The Conference will take place on Friday, January

30, 2026 in Milan. As always, one day before Mido. The call for papers

will start soon and for everybody who has already a presentation suggestion:

Please send your proposal to hanna.diewald@mafo-optics.com

Our special thanks this year go to Chairman Dr. Peter Baumbach and

this year´s sponsors: Automation & Robotics, Filtertech, Lambda-X,

LensWare, Ocuco and Schneider

22

MAFO 2-25

SPOTLIGHT

Picture: Vision Expo East

A strong future in Orlando?

Vision Expo East shows good potential for upcoming years

Vision Expo East (VEE) had been held in New York for almost 40 years. In February 2025, the first show

was held in Orlando – a huge step for exhibitors and visitors. MAFO has asked various exhibitors how they

assess the future potential for the technical sector in Orlando. By Hanna Diewald

From February 19 to 22, Vision Expo East took place at the

Orange County Convention Center in Orlando and the

organizers gave their best to make the new VEE a unique

show for attracting visitors and exhibitors alike. In general,

more than 400 exhibitors were united on the show floor. To put this

in perspective, there were around 450 exhibitors at the last show in

New York City.

As usual, there was also a comprehensive education program and

well-known speakers – also tennis star Venus Williams was a guest

keynote speaker. And of course, also industry events like an opening

night party and a tropical cocktail reception were not missing at this

first show in Orlando. The organizers have not yet announced any

official visitor numbers – but the subjective assessment of various

participants suggests that there is potential for growth. In addition to

the challenge of establishing this completely new location, and the fact

that some of the companies involved favor for New York as a fashion

metropolis, there was also the fact that Mido in Milan took place just

two weeks earlier. This was a challenge for some exhibitors.

In 2026, at least the date should be better for many and perhaps the

full potential of the show can then be better exploited with some obvious

advantages, such as the infrastructure. VEE 2026 will take place on

March 11 to 14. Scheduled further from other industry events, this

more favorable time should allow attendees and exhibitors to more

comfortably attend a variety of events and conferences in the busy

spring season.

MAFO asked various exhibitors from the technical sector, such as

machine manufacturers and other suppliers for labs, what their impression

of this first trade fair was and how they assess the future potential.

MAFO 2-25 23

SPOTLIGHT

Andy H uthoefer

Andy Huthoefer | VP Product Management and Marketing, Satisloh

We had many valuable discussions and contacts at Vision Expo East. However, we felt

that attendance in general was low – significantly lower than at past Vision Expo East

shows. This was also confirmed in conversation with other exhibitors. We hope that attendance will

pick up next year. The later date providing some distance to Mido and aligning more with past Vision

Expo East dates may help. I believe, however, that Vision Expo West will continue to be the more significant

show for lab technology providers. This has been historically the case ever since OLA and Vision Expo

were merged and Vision Expo West doubled up as OLA replacement.

Kurt Atchinson | President at Schneider Optical Machinery, USA

For us at Schneider, this year’s Vision Expo East in Orlando was a good show, and we

even see more potential in the upcoming years. Our most important customers are

labs, and we had a high number of visitors coming to see our latest innovations. The atmosphere

was very appealing for the lab customers, whereas New York was more known as a frame and

fashion show. Personally, I think the future is strong in Orlando. This year, the show was happening

around many other global events. In the next years, when the show is back to a middle of March

schedule, I expect to see a big increase in numbers of visitors.

Kurt Atchinson

Hugh M cAllister

Hugh McAllister | Sales Engineer at K&Y Diamond

Overall, we thought it was a worthwhile investment. We met quite a few

potential clients; mainly from Latin America and the Caribbean. Although

the venue was much smaller with manufacturing, frames, coatings and consumables

sharing the same pavilion, there was plenty of empty space and room to grow. Regarding

the future potential of this show especially for the machine industry and labs, we had

quite a bit of discussion: Do we really need a “west” and a “east” show? Why not combine

them into one? Another idea is to have it every two years, instead of annually. In the precision

optics world, this is pretty common. It’s a big commitment, especially for machine

builders to participate in 2-3 shows per year. We don’t know if tradeshows in general will

ever return to pre-Covid levels. We attend quite a number of events for different industries

and often hear “there’s just not as many attendees as their used to be.”

Robert Kohn | President at A&R Optical Machinery

My overall impression of the first Vision Expo East in Orlando

was very positive. The event attracted a steady flow of qualified

and serious attendees, and the convention center was beautiful and impressive

with nearly 200,000 square meters of total exhibit space. The strong turnout

of exhibitors, showcasing their machinery through demonstrations, further

enhanced the experience. Based on the success of this inaugural event, I estimate

the future potential of the trade fair to be significant, particularly for the machine

Robert Kohn

industry and labs. The presence of advanced machinery and engaged attendees suggests growing

interest and investment opportunities, positioning the expo as a key platform for innovation and

business development in these sectors.

24

MAFO 2-25

SPOTLIGHT

Ashley Mills | Chief Executive Officer at The Vision Council

After the show, Mills announced in an official statement: “After hosting VEE in New York City for nearly 40

years, we knew that the transition to a new host city, in a new geographic location, would be met with some

hesitation. In this transition year, we highlighted the unique opportunities and enhancements made possible

by the move to Orlando, like the ability to connect in a centralized environment, a preferred show date pattern

of Thursday–Saturday, and access to a wealth of vacation and entertainment experiences. […] We want you to

know that we have also heard your feedback regarding your experience at this year’s show and that your thoughts

are extremely important to us. The Vision Council is committed to building upon the foundation we’ve laid in Orlando,

working toward an improved event experience and continuing to deepen industry engagement in this vital and vibrant show.”

Ashley Mills

Alex Incera

Alex Incera | President at Coburn Technologies

We had a very positive show experience in Orlando. Attendees expressed a lot of interest in

our products, particularly our newest tabletop spin coater. Our in-office lens finishing systems

also garnered attention, as they typically do at Vision Expo shows. Being in Orlando, we anticipated more

traffic from Latin America, a market where we have a strong presence. We were pleased with the turnout

from this region. Vision Expo East is a valuable opportunity for us to showcase our equipment in-person

and we look forward to next year's event in its more traditional timeframe of March 2026.

Patrick Broe | VP Sales Lab Division at Ocuco

Orlando offered a more relaxed atmosphere, bringing a different feel to the event.

It was a great setting for meaningful conversations, and Thursday stood out as the

busiest day. The event was well-organized, keeping the same high standards as the Javits Center,

and prearranged meetings helped make discussions more productive. VEE remains an important

event for labs and vendors to connect, share insights, and keep up with industry developments.

Some attendees found the information especially valuable, particularly those returning after a break.

Many are already planning to attend next year, which speaks to the event’s continued relevance. ◆

Patrick Broe

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Experiencing the future

of manufacturing in Milan

Mido 2025 reports about 9% increase in visitors

This year, Mido fully lived up to its reputation as an international “must attend” trade fair for ophthalmic optics.

According to the organizers, 42,000 visitors from all over the world came to Mido. In addition to the latest frame

trends, trade visitors were also treated to a number of highlights in the technical field – including new solutions for

blockless generating and surprising collaborations for the 3D printing of spectacle lens coatings.

By Hanna Diewald

Mido took place in Milan (Italy) this year from February

8 to 10, 2025. Despite the proximity to opti in

Germany, which had taken place just one week earlier,

Mido was able to record a 9% increase in visitor

numbers. A total of 1,200 exhibitors from 168 countries were counted

and were able to experience the seven exhibition halls. There was also

an opportunity to see the new President Lorraine Berton on stage and

learn more about the future of ophthalmic optics.

New president Lorraine Berton for Mido

The Mido organizers had already advertised some changes in advance

this year. These included some restructuring on the exhibition grounds

as well as the first year with the new ANFAO and Mido President Lorraine

Berton: “Mido is just around the corner and this will be my first edition

in the role of President, and I do not hide a certain excitement,” said

Berton at the pre-conference. “Over the years I have experienced Mido

as an entrepreneur and what has always impressed me is its ability to

transform, enrich itself, adapt to the times, often even anticipating them.

[…] In a historical and economic moment of great uncertainty, such as

the one we are experiencing, demonstrating to the world the industrial

strength and economic power of a healthy and thriving production

sector such as eyewear is a duty, as well as a necessity.”

In addition to many interesting lectures, training opportunities and

entertainment programs such as the awards, most visitors are of course

still opticians in search of innovative frames. One creative label followed

the next and visitors were probably faced with the challenge of picking

out the highlights among all the exhibitors.

As usual, the machine manufacturers for the production of lenses and

frames were clearly arranged in hall 6 “Mido Tech”, so that visitors could

quickly get an overview of new trends, machines and more. Hall three

“Lenses”, on the other hand, brought together lens manufacturers and,

in some cases, software and design companies.

However, distinguishing what is most relevant at this huge trade fair

and what is not is probably one of the biggest challenges for many trade

fair visitors. Here is an overview of the most important trends and innovations

in ophthalmic lens production.

Blockless generating

Blockless generating is one of the most exciting topics for labs, as it

involves completely changing key steps in the production process. So,

should labs invest in the new technology or stick with the tried and

tested procedure?

Visitors were able to form a first impression on that at the ceremonial

unveiling of the new Satisloh blockless generator – even though it is

“only” a tech preview so far. Satisloh presented the NEO blockless surfacing

line at noon on Saturday. The series is currently in the development

stage. Field tests will start in the second half of the year and the sales

launch is planned for Mido 2026.

The company is relying on a modular approach and, according to the

manufacturer, on a replacement technology, meaning that 99% of all

26

MAFO 2-25

LIVE ON SITE

lenses should be able to be processed. One exception are executive lenses,

for example. In the NEO-orbit generator, this works thanks to a special

vacuum technology. An air-bearing pin cushion with a solid-state joint

and a membrane is at the heart of the new technology. The process steps

in turn work as usual: milling, turning, engraving, etc. The NEO-flex

polisher will also run without a block in the future. A throughput of 80

lenses per hour is planned.

Of course, visitors to the stand could also look forward to other highlights:

The Multi-FLEX-M manual polisher is now ready for sale. It can process

up to 50 lenses per hour and the production range goes up to -18 dpt.

The new Box Coater 1200-TLX works with two large turbopumps and

impresses with its significantly reduced energy requirements. It will go

on sale in the middle of the year.

And the virtual “digital twin experience” was also exciting to see. This

concept might convince in terms of virtual product development and

it allows visitors to experience machines that are not on site, in this case

the ACI-Theia cosmetic inspection system, for example.

At MEI System, blockless has been a major topic for some time now

and the corresponding CoreTBA generator has already been exhibited

at several trade fairs. The system combines generating, engraving, polishing,

washing and power matching in one machine. The manufacturer

thus relies on a compact unit instead of a modular system. Blocking and

deblocking, alloy, adhesives and more become obsolete thanks to the

new technology.

Automatic cosmetic inspection is also an issue at MEI. Thanks to ClearXM,

cleaning and cosmetic inspection are to be combined in just a few

months. This works for both uncut and edged lenses. The SurfXM

technology, which will be integrated in the future, ensures cosmetic

inspection on the now clean surface without affecting the cleaning cycle

time. The SurfXM Stand is the compact semi-automatic table-top solution

for quality control.

In addition to many other machines, 4D Trace was also on display. A

compact system that significantly simplifies lens fitting into frame. This

works thanks to a FlawLess Fit device and software that also takes into

account manufacturing irregularities in the frames and materials, etc.

The device can either be located in the optical store and the tracing data

is passed on to the optical lab via the LMS or it can be used in industrial

labs for a reliable frame library.

Trend topic: automatic cosmetic inspection

Automatic cosmetic inspection solutions are currently the trend par

excellence. The market is currently being cultivated by both long-standing

experts in the inspection sector and many other machine manufacturers

who have recognized the potential of automatic cosmetic inspection

systems.

Automation & Robotics is pursuing a strategy of gradually equipping

all known systems with an additional cosmetic inspection. Meaning the

compact ProMapper will be available with cosmetic inspection from

The new president Lorraine Berton (middle) opens Mido 2025. Picture: Mido

May. Also, the fully automatic NeoMapper, which is on the market now,

will get equipped with cosmetic inspection by the end of the year.

Furthermore, a suitable inkjet printer will also be available in the course

of the year. And also the well-known AutoMapper will have a cosmetic

inspection in the future. The latest version will then only require a

software update.

The manufacturer also presented the MCEVS-V2, a control and packaging

unit for stock lenses, which will also come with the COSME solution

for cosmetic inspection in the future.

Automatic cosmetic inspection is also a core topic at Schneider. The

new fully automatic CSIP modulo ONE has now integrated a full map

power measurement so that the machine combines AI-based cosmetic

inspection and mapping.

The PMD modulo ONE is also brand new, thanks to which full-map

power calculation can now be carried out in-line and on the block, for

instance directly after surface processing. This is made possible by a

pure back surface measurement of the machined surface based on

reflection.

The DTSA modulo ONE was also new. The system combines deblocking

and tape stripping in one machine and can process around 400 lenses

per hour.

Customers were also able to explore all other process steps in the form

of machines, particularly from the modulo series. Starting with the

warehouse system, the deboxer, spin protection (instead of tape), autoblocking,

generating, polishing, cleaning, coating, edging and more.

Cosmetic inspection is now also an issue at Bühler Leybold Optics.

Although the manufacturer came without machines, it did announce

another pioneering partnership. The company is now working with

Mirapro. Among other technologies, the Japanese company offers an

AI-based cosmetic inspection solution for ophthalmic lenses, the

HAWKAEYE - L Series. For Bühler, this is an important step towards a

complete value chain lab solution.

MAFO 2-25 27

LIVE ON SITE

The Coburn-Team at their stand.

Hugh McAllister at K&Y.

New permanent printing solution by TECO.

F.l.t.r.: Florin Kraft, Steffen Runkel and Johanna

Vistbacka at Bühler Leybold Optics.

Thomas Zangerle (left) and Sandra Fonticoli (left) in

front of the NeoMapper at A&R.

F.l.t.r.: Jean-Paul Madaleno, Olga Azevedo,

Bernd Freyermuth at the LensWare booth.

Surprising cooperation in the field of 3D printing

Surprisingly, the start-up flo Optics announced shortly before Mido

that it had received 35 million US dollars in Series A funding. A key

strategic investor is MEI Systems. So, it was hardly surprising that the

start-up proudly presented the first finished Visiōn100 3D printing

machine for coatings at Mido. The first installation will take place in

quarter 2 and sales will officially start in 2026.

The machine allows the printing of hard coatings, colors, gradients,

photochromic coatings and many other imaginable shapes, patterns and

colors. It can print 30 lenses per hour fully automatically. The plan is to

increase throughput to 80 lenses per hour in the long term. The tray

loader for the system comes from MEI Systems, followed by preparation

of the lens, surface treatment, initial printing, precision printing if

necessary, heating and finally inspection.

A modern holistic system

With the IQ-Synergie series, OptoTech is now relying on a modern,

holistic system in which networked, fully automated machines work

together smoothly. The IQ-Synergie Taper was the first of its kind to be

introduced. The extremely fast lens taper can handle around 300 lenses

per hour. It also has smart features, such as the integrated monitoring

system for process control.

Visitors were also able to see the IQ-Star, a vertical storage system for

the efficient storage and distribution of job trays, which now operates

more quietly than before thanks to a new motor. The VISTA optical

inspection system is now in use and has a new system for extracting

dust. And there is a new range of consumables for labs.

And what other machines were there to see ...

Coburn Technologies, in cooperation with SDC Technologies, announced

the launch of the Velocity TT. This is a tabletop optical lens spin coater.

The space-saving device is designed for small and medium-sized labs. The

system loads two lenses simultaneously and can process 50 lenses per hour.

Essilor companies DAC Technologies and SCL were also present at the

Satisloh stand. Visitors were able to explore the CO10 automated lens

tinting system, for example, which enables the automatic, precise and

consistent tinting of spectacle lenses.

Optimal Technologies presented the CHC-200 cleaning and hard coating

system, which can handle up to 200 lenses per hour.

FISA presented the smart FISAlabs One system, a combined cleaning

and dip coating module that was developed in cooperation with Bühler

Leybold Optics. The system comes with a robot and smart features that

enable monitoring of the system and remote access.

Comes Optical machines also presented a whole range of production

machines for the ophthalmic lens industry. There is generally a wide

range for all lens materials – including mineral.

Designs, colors, software and more

General Optics presented the GOProTints. For the first time, the ink

for CR-39 also has UV protection (380 - 300 nm) directly integrated.

Ink and UV protection therefore come in one bottle and the UV protection

can be seamlessly integrated into the tinting process.

At TECO, visitors were able to explore the X-DECO branding printer.

This allows the printing of all conceivable logos, designs etc. as a permanent

print on both the lens and the frame.

28

MAFO 2-25

LIVE ON SITE

Blockless generating at MEI Systems.

IOT booth.

Geoff Underwood at Optimal Technologies.

Blockless generating thanks to a special

vacuum technology by Satisloh.

Sebastian Schneider (left) and Gunter Schneider

(right) at the Schneider booth.

The Horizons Team at their booth.

LensWare has recently introduced a new web ordering system for opticians

to offer laboratory partners a modern interface with all functionalities

and a direct interface to the LMS and PMS. Another highlight is the

Labmonitor dashboard, which displays real-time production indicators

(K.P.I.) for excellent control of laboratory performance. The company

is also pleased to welcome four new employees to strengthen the development

team and global customer support.

IOT is celebrating its 20 th anniversary this year. The centerpiece of IOT's

presentation at Mido was the debut of “Endless AI”, designed to deliver

seamless performance in progressive, single vision and anti-fatigue lenses.

Endless AI utilizes AI and an extensive database of wearer information,

including satisfaction feedback, lifestyle preferences and visual needs.

The platform processes data from over 100,000 wearers to ensure the

optimal lens is selected for each individual. By uploading wearer data

to the Endless AI Platform, ECPs can receive personalized lens recommendations

in just two minutes. The company also unveiled the new

Neochromes photochromic series campaign.

This year, Horizons Optical presented itself with a new brand identity

and introduced three important new developments. The first new

product is Kids Advanced Reliable Eyecare (KARE), the latest myopia

control solution launched in collaboration with BHVI.

The second innovation is Vanguard Dynamics, an advanced single

vision lens design based on the findings of studies into gaze dynamics.

The third novelty is the advanced lens centration device InVision FIT

AI now incorporates advanced deep learning technology to improve

the automatic detection of relevant parameters, minimizing manual

adjustments and saving time.

Ocuco showcased a full range of optical software solutions, including

Acuitas 3, Innovations, and OptiCommerce, which are designed to

streamline practice management, enhance lab automation, and strengthen

e-commerce capabilities.

A key highlight was the expanded presence of the lab division team,

who demonstrated the latest LMS solutions. Among these was InnovaWeb,

a secure, web-based module within Innovations LMS that enables lab

managers and technicians to remotely manage lab operations. Furthermore

the company supported events, for example the inaugural European

event of the Optical Women’s Association (OWA).

Hearing glasses come to market

EssilorLuxottica has received approval from the Food and Drug Administration

(FDA) for its over-the-counter hearing glasses Nuance

Audio. At the same time, the CE mark was awarded in accordance with

the EU Medical Device Regulation and an ISO quality management

system for hearing aids was developed, enabling the launch of Nuance

Audio in Europe. Nuance Audio will be available in the US from the

first quarter and in some European countries, including France, Germany,

the UK and Italy, in the first half of the year.

This year's Mido was once again a place where innovations are presented

and which offers many highlights. Next year, the trade fair will take place

from January 31 to February 2 in order to avoid an overlap with the

Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics.

MAFO - The Conference 2026 will therefore take place on Friday,

January 30. As usual, exactly one day before Mido at the exhibition center

in Milan. ◆

MAFO 2-25 29

SPOTLIGHT

A strong IT foundation is not just a

necessity – it is a game-changer

Cyber security | Part 3

Data security is not just a buzzword, it is a vital part of keeping modern businesses running smoothly. We have all

seen real-world examples where data breaches caused massive headaches for companies that did not take their

security seriously. But do not worry, we have got some positive news to balance that out! When data security is

done right, it brings a ton of benefits. By Nabil Gharbieh and Tara Donohue Bartels

This article series is based on webinars provided by The Vision Council.

Part 1 and 2 were published in MAFO 05/24 and MAFO 06/24. They are available online: mafo-optics.com/

magazine/.

Data security strategies protect sensitive information, keep

customers happy, and help you stay on the right side of

regulations. For those of you in the vision industry,

prioritizing data security means you are not just safeguarding

your operations and reputation – you are also boosting your

bottom line, and maybe even seeing a nice return on investment. Our

objective is to cover key security objectives:

▶ Protect digital assets: safeguard your valuable data and infrastructure

▶ Ensure business continuity: maintain operations even in challenging

circumstances

▶ Mitigate risks: identify and address potential threats proactively

▶ Foster trusts: build confidence with clients and partners through

strong security measures to protect your brand

Importance of data security

In the near future, we will be seeing a big change with the new reporting

requirements called standard contractual clauses (SCC). Businesses will

need to publicly report any incidents they have had, which is going to

shake things up. As someone who reviews vendors for clients, one of

the first things we look at is who you are as a company. How seriously

30

MAFO 2-25

SPOTLIGHT

Access control

Who has access & admin access? Do they need it?

Multi-Factor Authentication

Is there MFA?

Password security

Is the password secure?

Backup ownership

Who owns the backup?

Software ownership

Who owns the software? What happens if an employee leaves?

Fig.1: Risk management considerations

does a company take security, especially when exchanging sensitive

data? This is a question that is going to come up more and more often

from those who want to do business with us. Therefore, it is crucial to

be prepared and make sure your security measures are rock solid. With

the following statements in mind someone might take cyber security

more seriously:

Data as lifeblood: Think of your data as the lifeblood of your business.

Protecting it is not just about avoiding threats but ensuring your business

thrives.

Immediate consequences: Financial losses, operational disruptions,

and potential legal liabilities arise – and soon fees!

Long-term impact: Reputational damage affects customer trust and

business relationships. Imagine a world where your customers trust you

implicitly because they know their data is safe with you.

Recovery and rebuilding: Significant time and resources are required

to recover from the breach and rebuild trust.

“Everybody has a plan until they get punched in

the face”

That is why regular security assessments are so important. We need

to start viewing strong data security as a competitive advantage. It is

something that can set you apart from competitors who do not have a

solid plan in place. By securing your data, you are not just protecting information

– you are safeguarding your business’s future. With the following

10-step program, you – yes, you can! – create your very own security

strategy.

And for all that are not IT specialists it may be worth emphasizing that

the following instructions are more about communications than IT.

Everything leans heavily on communication. Those plans should show

how important steps can save and grow your business. The following

plans are not in a particular order, so we recommend working with your

managed service provide (MSP) and if you do not have one Dataprise

would love to help. You can also form a steering committee with your IT

staff and other stakeholders. Start with the low-hanging fruit to build

momentum or tackle what matters most for protecting your brand.

1. BCP is a Business Continuity plan

Business continuity is critical to protect your revenue and your reputation.

If a system goes down, do not get caught off-guard. Maybe you shift to

manual, paper-based processes ... maybe you begin to use a temporary

solution. However, it is important to have a well-documented and

well-communicated plan to keep your business moving and make sure

your staff and your IT provider are aware of what to do in these circumstances.

There is no point in having a plan if you do not communicate

it and test it out from time to time. A continuity plan is your business's

safety net. It ensures you are prepared for anything.

2. Risk management plan

Risk mitigation strategies: Develop strategies to reduce or eliminate

the impact of each identified risk. This might include contingency plans,

preventive measures, and outlining response actions.

Risk monitoring and review: Continuously monitor risks and the effectiveness

of mitigation strategies. Regularly review and update the risk

management plan to address new risks or changes in existing risks.

Roles and responsibilities: Assign clear responsibilities for risk management

activities to specific team members or departments.

Risk communications plan: Establish a communication plan to ensure

that all stakeholders are informed about risks and the measures in place

to manage them.

To make this easy, start with a simple risk register. It does not have to be

complicated – just list everything you have that could be hacked, from

apps and files to Zoom accounts, Adobe accounts, even copying machines.

If it touches the internet, it goes on the list (see example in figure 1).

Next, identify your “reds” – the area’s most at risk – and figure out what

it will take to get them down to “yellow”. Everything on the left will dictate

your probability likelihood and the top row is the impact it would have.

3. Disaster recovery plan

A disaster recovery plan is not just about survival – it is about

bouncing back stronger. In the face of disaster, your recovery plan

is your secret weapon. A disaster recovery planning is what allows

MAFO 2-25 31

SPOTLIGHT

1 Preparation

Establish team, establish roles, develop policies,

provide training, implement

2 Identification

Detect with systems, establish what is a threat, report

3 Containment

Immediate action to contain, and isolate until you get help

4 Eradication

Identify root cause, remove cause, ensure everything is

clean then return

5 Recovery

Restore, test, monitor

6 Communication

Establish internal and external protocols,

(maybe WhatsApp or Signal), notify stakeholders, be clear.

7 Documentation

Document steps, maintain records, save for future response

8 Post-incident review

How do we not get here again? Update findings?

Fig. 2: Incident response steps

you to restore systems quickly when they go down, but not all systems

are equally important.

It starts with assessing “business impact”. Think of your business, and

which systems and applications you rely on the most. If one of those

systems goes down, do you lose revenue? Does it sink productivity for

a day? Could you be in trouble if critical files are lost forever? Make sure

you have a documented plan for what you and your IT service providers

need to do to restore any critical systems, so that way your business does

not suffer. Talk to your provider about taking backups and testing

backups. And in all of this, remember communication is key!

4. Vendor management plan

Choosing the right partners can make or break your business. Rigorous

vendor audits ensure you are in good hands. Asking yourself: Who is

interacting with your data? Remember the Target example from our

first webinar? A refrigeration company hired by Target got hacked,

and that breach ended up compromising Target’s systems right during

the Christmas season, shutting down their ability to process credit

cards. It is a stark reminder of how crucial it is to know who is talking

to your data and where that data is going. Therefore, a vendor management

plan with these categories will help you have a record of who is

all in your wallet.

One example of how to make that job one step easier is using AI. We

have a pre-filled chat in ChaptGPT that says “I am looking into doing

business with a vendor. From now on, every business name gets paste

into this chat. Then we can ask the AI to tell whether …

▶ this is a reputable company

▶ major companies use the vendor

▶ they are U.S. based

▶ the founders are U.S. based

▶ their data sit in the U.S.

▶ they had any security incidents in the last five years

▶ they have a good Glassdoor rating

▶ ChatGPT can tell more about their competition

▶ ChatGPT knows their rating from other consumers

▶ they fit for my industry

Now, you can type the name of the business and just like that you get all

your answers that would have taken hours to google! You need this in

your playbook for both value and recovery planning. Choosing the right

partners can make or break your business. Rigorous vendor audits ensure

you are in good hands and built on reliability and trustworthiness.

5. Compliance plan

This responsibility ultimately falls on you when it comes to HIPAA

compliance, PCI compliance, or any other regulations your organization

is subject to. It is crucial to ensure that your internal security officer is

staying on top of these requirements and working with IT or your tech

consultants.

Make sure the tools you are using enable you to maintain HIPAA compliance.

HR should also have clear policies and procedures in place to

communicate this effectively to employees. Everything we have discussed

aligns with HIPAA compliance. Please keep in mind, this is a serious

matter. If your organizations fall under the guidelines then these measures

should already be in place.

6. Physical security plan

Physical access control: Implementing strict physical access controls to

secure sensitive areas and data centers. This includes key card systems,

biometric scanners, and security personnel to monitor entry points.

External penetration testing: Engaging outside vendors to conduct

regular penetration tests. These assessments help identify vulnerabilities

in physical security measures and provide valuable insights for

improvement.

Equipment refresh: Maintaining a schedule for refreshing security

equipment. This ensures that all physical security systems are up-to-date

and capable of addressing evolving threats.

Automated updates: Implementing automated update systems for security

software and firmware. This helps maintain the latest security patches

and features without manual intervention.

Backup systems: Establishing robust backup systems to protect critical

data. This includes off-site storage and regular testing of backup and

recovery processes to ensure business continuity.

32

MAFO 2-25

SPOTLIGHT

7. Incident response plan

Establish the steps from figure 2 to ensure

you have a valid incident response plan. This

figure is important for the IT-team und the

companies playbook. This is what you follow

in the event of an emergency. Start a conversation

with your IT-team about that and ask:

“Where do we stand when it comes to a response

plan?” (Keep in mind, it might not

look exactly like this.)

If you have a plan like this ready and detailed

for a bad day, it will help you see another day.

Meanwhile, your competitors who do not

have this in place might not be so lucky – they

could stumble or fall behind. One of the key

factors that will help you outlast your competition is how well you

are prepared for a setback. Are you like an F1 race team pit crew,

ready to spring into action? Or are you scrambling, trying to get

quotes from different mechanics, hoping to get on their calendar as

soon as possible?

8. Employee training plan

How many times have you or your staff received emails or texts that

look suspicious? Have any of you taken the bait? It happens all the

time. Your employees are your first line of defense. Equip them with

the knowledge to protect your business. For example, with regular,

engaging cybersecurity training sessions. As an informed team is your

strongest asset.

9. Active monitoring plan

Using advanced threat detection systems keeps you one step ahead of

threats and keeps your business running smoothly. Keyword: Pentest.

It enables early detection of potential security issues, allows for immediate

response to emerging threats and helps maintain continuous

security awareness.

Dataprise has a program where we actively monitor threats within

your on-premise servers and/or cloud accounts in Azure or the likes.

The features are active antivirus agents, proactive threat hunting and

correlation, automated threat intelligence feeds, user and entity behavior

analytics (AI), KnowB4 campaigns that give you reports on who we

should sit down with and go over better security hygiene and more.

10. Continuous improvement plan

Finally, keep on keeping on! Keep reviewing the plans, put them through

the ringers, make adjustments, and do this annually, since a lot of

things change from year to year. The hard work is up front, after that,

it is all just continuous improvement from there.

Remember, in the digital age, a strong IT foundation is not just a

necessity – it is a game-changer. With technologies like AI, we are

headed to a new world unlike the one we know now. ◆

Nabil Gharbieh

The IT-expert Nabil Gharbieh currently leads The Vision Council´s webinar

series about cyber security strategies. As an Information Technology

Advisor at Dataprise, Nabil provides quality management services to

clients across various industries and sectors. With over 17 years of experience

in IT, he has developed expertise in program management, technical

account management, customer success, sales, and technology advisory.

Nabil is certified in Microsoft Technologies, AI, Health Care IT Security,

ITIL, Google Cloud, and Apple/Mac Integration.

Tara Donohue Bartels

Tara Donohue Bartels, MA, PMP, is a seasoned leader and cybersecurity

expert who currently serves as Manager of Advisory Services at

Dataprise. With a robust academic foundation and a PMP certification

under her belt, Tara blends technical acumen with strategic insight

to help businesses navigate complex IT and cybersecurity challenges.

She is known for her proactive approach in advising on risk management,

compliance, and innovative technology solutions — ensuring

that organizations not only protect their assets but also seize new

opportunities in the digital landscape.

MAFO 2-25 33

HISTORY

Fuerter et al – Zeiss 1986

Winthrop – AO 1989

Barkan et al – Sola 1989

Kelch et al – Zeiss 1995

Kitani – Hoya 1998

Asbachs et al – Essilor 1998

Haimerle et al – Rodenstock 2006

Kaga et al –Seiko 2010

Fig. 1. Pages from various patents illustrating Minkwitz astigmatism.

50 years of developments in

Figure 1 Pages from various patents illustrating Minkwitz astigmatism.

ophthalmic lenses

Part 1

Without doubt, the most significant development in spectacle lens design is the change in the

manufacturing process from lapping to computer numerically controlled milling methods usually

referred to, simply, as freeform or digital surfacing. In its simplest description freeform surfacing refers

to describing the surface by its sag heights which can vary at random but continuously across its entire

surface and is produced by a milling process, the cutting tool being under the strict control of a computer.

The first part of this paper is designed to remind you of the principles of design which have led to the

modern personalized and optimized progressive power lens. By Dr. Mo Jalie

The greatest enemy in the design of a progressive lens is

the presence of Minkwitz astigmatism, which, in brief,

states that if a surface changes power between two

points on the surface, the change in power is accompanied

by surface astigmatism at right angles to the direction in

the change in power, the astigmatism increasing at twice the rate

of the change in power.

All lens designers are aware of this aberration, as shown by these pages

illustrated in figure 1, taken from various patents which have appeared

over the years.

The source of the astigmatism is illustrated in figure 2 which shows

an eye using a zone in the intermediate portion of the lens having

rotated x mm horizontally from the meridian line.

Due to the ever-increasing power of the progressive surface as the eye rotates

downwards through the intermediate zone, it can be seen that the instantaneous

power of the zone in use, F, at the top of the refracted pencil as it leaves the

lens, differs from the power halfway down the zone which has increased by

the increment, δF, which represents the amount of Minkwitz astigmatism.

It can be shown 1 that the amount of Minkwitz astigmatism, δF, is given

by 2 x A / h, where A is the full near addition and h is the length of the

corridor from the distance reference point to the near reference point.

The first generation of progressive lenses suffered from enormous

amounts of Minkwitz astigmatism due to the elephant’s trunk construction

of the intermediate and near portions of the progressive surface

as shown for the earliest commercially successful progressive lens, the

Varilux design (1959) invented by Bernard Maitenaz 2,3 .

34

MAFO 2-25

HISTORY

1959

Varilux 1

The first progressive lens

4

1972

Varilux 2

The physiological progressive lens

Fig. 2: Source of Minkwitz astigmatism.

Fig. 3: The first commercially successful progressive lenses.

Figure 3 The first commercially successful progressive lenses.

Winthrop US 4 861 153 : 1989

“Object – to provide a progressive addition

spectacle lens with the smoothest possible

distribution of dioptric power and lowest

possible level of unwanted astigmatism.”

Minkwitz rule

dF =

2 x A

h

Fig. 4: An Increase in corridor length to reduce Minkwitz astigmatism.

Figure AO’s OMNI 4 An increase lens. in corridor length to reduce Minkwitz astigmatism. AO’s OMNI lens.

Fig. 5: The Truvision OMNI lens.

First attempts to reduce effects of Minkwitz

astigmatism

It was realized that by employing aspheric sections, rather than the circular

sections which formed the intermediate and near portions of the surface,

the effects of Minkwitz astigmatism could be massively reduced.

Effectively, the flattening of the sections reduced the near addition in

the periphery of the intermediate and near portions a feat made possible

by the use of varying conic sections across the lens.

Wearers could adapt to these second-generation progressive lenses,

Varilux 2 (1972), far more easily than the first, and subsequently,

progressive lens wear steadily became the norm for the correction of

presbyopia (Fig. 3).

Another method of reducing Minkwitz astigmatism was employed in

the early days of progressive lens design. It will be apparent from the

Minkwitz rule that the longer the corridor, represented by the symbol

h in the formula, the smaller will be the degree of astigmatism.

This fact was capitalized upon by a design from American Optical in

1989 who introduced a lens called the Truvision OMNI. The principle

of the power change across the progressive surface is shown in the diagram

of the front page of the patent 4 (Fig. 4).

As described in the patent information, the corridor length was increased

to 38 mm from the more typical value of 16 mm, the effect being to

more than halve the amount of Minkwitz astigmatism as shown by

the 3D comparisons of the surface astigmatism with AO’s original

progressive design.

This lens comparison was for a design of power Plano Add 2.00 and

the astigmatism is seen to reduce from one-quarter of a diopter per

horizontal movement of the eye from the center of the corridor to

one-ninth of a diopter for each mm of movement (Fig. 5).

Most of the major lens manufacturers began to introduce their own

progressive lens designs in the 1980s, for example, Zeiss 5 , Rodenstock 6,10 ,

Seiko 8 and Sola 9 .

Hard designs and soft designs

It was later realized that by allowing the astigmatism to extend into the

distance portion it would widen the corridor and enlarge the near portion.

This was the origin of the terms “hard design” and “soft design” which have

been used to describe the design of a progressive lens (Fig. 6). Notice that

the harder the design, the greater becomes the Minkwitz astigmatism.

Another improvement which has come with modern designs is that

the power in the progression and near portions reduces as the eye

rotates horizontally from the center to the edges of the lens.

This softens the design considerably, as is shown by the Iso-mean power

plot shown in figure 6 on the right.

MAFO 2-25 35

HISTORY

20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20

20

20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20

20

15

15

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1.00

1.50

2.00

3.00

10

5

0

5

10

15

20

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

10

5

0

5

10

15

20

+0.5

0

+1.00

+1.50

+2.0

0

+0.50

+0.5

0

+1.00

0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 3.00

0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 3.00

+1.50

Iso-astigmatism plot

Add +2.00

“hard” design


Add +2.00

“soft” design


+2.00

Iso-mean power plot

Fig. 6: “Hard” and “Soft” progressive lens designs.

gure 6 “Hard” and “Soft” progressive lens designs.

Kelch et al US 5 444 503 : 1995

+5.00 Add +2.50 PPL

drawback of convex progressive surface

Fig 7: Reduction in near add as the eye rotates horizontally in the lower

part of the lens.

10

Figure 7 Reduction in the near add as the eye rotates horizontally in the lower part of the lens.

+5.00 Add +2.50 PPL

drawback of convex progressive surface

progressive

surface

prescription

surface

+8.25

+10.75

prescription

progressive surface

surface

Intended for use with sphere

powers in range +4.00 to +6.00

Kelch et al US 5 444 503 : 1995

Kelch et al US 5 444 503 : 1995

Fig 8: The birth of freeform progressive lens designs.

igure 8 The birth of free form progressive lens designs.

+6.00/-4.00 x 150 Add +2.50 PPL

with convex progressive surface

and atoroidal prescription surface

Fig 9: The design performance for the Rx +5.00 DS Add +2.50.

Figure 9. The design performance for the Rx +5.00 DS Add +2.50.

+4.50/-2.00 x 135 Add +2.00 PPL

with convex spherical surface

+8.25

+10.75

prescription

surface

progressive

surface

Toroidal surface

-2.62

-6.62 x 150

+8.25

+10.75

prescription

surface

progressive

surface

Atoroidal surface

-2.62

-6.62 x 150

+6.50

spherical

surface

-2.12

-4.12

-0.12

-2.12

prescription surface

(atoroidal progressive)

a) toroidal prescription surface

b) atoroidal prescription surface

Hof ‘713

Fig. 10: Comparison of performance of toroidal and atoroidal prescription

10. Comparison surfaces. of performance of toroidal and atoroidal prescription Figure surfaces.

Fig. 11: The design performance for the Rx +4.50/-2.00 x 135 Add +2.00.

Figure 11. The design performance for the Rx +4.50/-2.00 x 135 Add +2.00.

Note that the full addition of +2.00 D lies in the center of the near

zone, reducing to just +0.50 at the edge of the zone (Fig. 7). Several

major ophthalmic lens companies introduced designs incorporating

this feature, notably Essilor International with their popular Varilux

Comfort design 11,12 .

Freeform surfacing – the next revolution

The next major breakthrough in progressive lens design, occurred

towards the end of the 20 th Century with the introduction of freeform

surfacing techniques. By the 1990s, the progression was worked on

the convex surface and the final prescription obtained by incorporating

the prescription on the concave surface of the lens.

The 1995 patent granted to Kelch et al 13 (Fig. 8) pointed out that if the

prescription was the same, or very close to, the prescription for which

the surface was designed, then the optical performance of the final lens

would match the typical appearance of a well-designed progressive lens.

Suppose that the progressive surface of this design was optimized for

the prescription +5.00 Add +2.50. Provided that the ordered prescription

was exactly +5.00 Add +2.50, the Minkwitz astigmatism would be as

shown in the patent (Fig. 9).

36

MAFO 2-25

HISTORY

Add +2.00 Add +1.00

+5.00

+5.00

-5.00

-5.00

-3.00

-5.00

+5.00

+7.00

progressive surface

Menezes et al 6 123 422 : 2000

Kitani et al US 6 935 744 : 2005

progressive surface

Convex surface add = +2.00 DC along 90

Concave surface add = +2.00 DC along 180

Plano Add +2.00 Hoyalux iD design

Figure Fig. 12. The 12: double Double progressive progressive surface surface design design of the Definity of the lens. Definity lens.

Figure Fig. 13: 13. Bitoric The bitoric design of the Hoyalux iD progressive iD progressive design. design.

However, in actual practice, the base curve and addition worked on

the convex surface of the lens, needed to be used for a range of powers,

typically one diopter either side of the design value, and for any prescribed

cylinder.

So, what happens with a design near the edge of the intended range

which incorporates a strong cylinder with an oblique axis direction,

such as this prescription +6.00/-4.00 x 150 with an addition of +2.50

Diopters for near?

When this prescription is incorporated using traditional rotating

surfacing methods as a simple concave toroidal surface, the isoastigmatism

pattern changes to that shown in figure 10. Such a design

would take a subject a long adaptation period before they adjusted to

the performance – if they ever got used to the lenses!

The Kelch Patent pointed out that if a properly designed freeform

atoroidal surface is used, where the Minkwitz astigmatism can be

controlled, the original design specification can be restored to the lens.

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HISTORY

All these achievements

were only

made possible by [...] modern

production methods we

know as freeform surfacing.

A similar Patent was granted to Mukaiyama H. et al,14 which was

assigned to Seiko-Epson.

Again, all these achievements were only made possible by the new

method of surfacing which began the modern production methods we

know as freeform surfacing, and that computers had become powerful

enough to perform the necessary computations in real time.

Freeform becomes a standard

Some five years later, in the year 2000, Hof et al 15 pointed out that freeform

technology would allow semi-finished blanks with spherical (or aspherical)

convex surfaces to become optimized progressive lenses where any

prescription could be produced with iso-astigmatism lines lying in the

same position as that which the designer intended (Fig. 11). This is the

most widely used form of the modern freeform progressive lens.

In the year 2000 a patent was assigned to Johnson & Johnson 16 for a

progressive design which had the progression in power divided equally

between the two surfaces. The claim was that “The invention provides

progressive addition lenses in which unwanted astigmatism is reduced

and channel width through the intermediate and near vision zones is

increased compared to conventional progressive addition lenses.”

The principle was simply that the Minkwitz astigmatism for a 1.00 D

addition is half that for a 2.00 D addition and by splitting the addition

between the two surfaces should provide a wider corridor and near vision

area. The lens was marketed as the Johnson & Johnson Definity in the

United States, and some five years later the patent rights were transferred

to Essilor International (Fig. 12).

In 2005, a second patent for a double surface progressive lens was assigned

to Hoya 17 (Hoyalux iD Integrated double surface progressive design) whose

object was “to provide a bi-aspherical type progressive power lens which

provides an excellent visual acuity correction for prescription values, and

a wide effective visual field with less distortion in wearing.” In this design

the spherical addition was divided into two atoroidal surfaces, the

front surface incorporating the addition in the vertical meridian only

and the back surface incorporating the addition in the horizontal

meridian only (Fig. 13). Of course, two equal cylindrical components

combined at right angles will produce a sphere.

References

1. Jalie M. (2021), Principles of Ophthalmic Lenses (6th Ed.) ABDO, Godmersham.

2. Fr. Patent 1159286 (1958), Manufactures des Glaces et Produits Chimique de Saint-

Gobain, Chauny & Cirey, Système optique.

3. US Patent 2869422 (1959) (original Fr. patent applied for in 1953), Bernard Cretin-

Maitenaz, Multifocal lens having a locally variable power.

4. US Patent 4861153 (1989), Winthrop J.T., Progressive Addition Spectacle Lens.

5. US Patent 4606622 (1986) Fuërter G., Lahres H., Multifocal spectacle lens with a

dioptric power varying progressively between different zones of vision. (German

application 3016935, dated 1980.)

6. US Patent 4240719 (1980) Guilino G., Barth R. Progressive Ophthalmic Lens.

7. US Patent 4274717 (1981) Davenport L.J., Ophthalmic Progressive Power Lens and

Method of Making Same

8. US Patent 4580883 (1986), Shinohara T., Progressive Multifocal Ophthalmic

Lenses

9. US Patent 4676610 (1987), Barkan E.F.,Sklar D.H., Method of making Progressive

lens and Resulting Article

10. US Patent 4946270 (1990), Guilino G. & Barth R. Progressive Power Ophthalmic

Lens

11. US Patent 5270745 (1993) Pedrono C., Progressive Multifocal Ophthalmic Lens.

12. US Patent 5488442 (1996) Harsigny et al, Progressive Multifocal Ophthalmic Lens

13. US Patent 544503 (1995), Kelch G., Lahres H., Wietschorke H, Spectacle Lens.

14. US Patent 6019470 (2000), Mukaiyama H., & Kato K., Patent assigned to Seiko-Epson.

Progressive Multifocal Lens Manufacturing Method of Eyeglass Lens and Progressive

Multifocal Lens

15. US Patent 6089713 (2000) Hof A., Hanssen A. Spectacle Lens with Spherical Front

Side and Multifocal Back Side and Process for its Production

16. US Patent 6106118 (2000) Menezes E.V., Gupta A., Kokonaski W. Progressive Addition

Lenses

17. US Patent 6935744 (2005), Kitani A., Kikuchi Y., Bi-aspherical Type Progressive

Power Lens.

Dr. Mo Jalie

Dr. Mo Jalie SMSA, FBDO (Hons), Hon FCGI, Hon FCOptom, MCMI, is

Emeritus Professor at Ulster University and works as a consultant to

the ophthalmic industry. He was the Head of Department of Applied

Optics at City & Islington since 1968 to 1995. He is recognised as an

international authority on the design of spectacle lenses and has

written several books. Furthermore he is the author of some 200

papers on ophthalmic lenses, contact lenses, intra-ocular lenses and

dispensing - and a consultant editor to the Optician magazine.

38

MAFO 2-25

BUSINESS


If only there wasn't this paralyzing fear of rejection!

The biggest stressor when approaching strangers is the fear of rejection. The thought “What do others

think?” is so ingrained in many people that they do not dare to approach others. But without this step,

networking is not possible. That is a shame, because you are missing out on many opportunities in life.

If you do want to give it a try, read here what you should never think, but what you should do instead.

By Oliver Schumacher

Who has not been there? You are at an event, whether

for business or pleasure, and you only talk to people

you have met before. Yet events like this are wonderful

opportunities to get to know new people. But

all too often people are too shy. You do not want to come across as

pushy. After all, it could lead to an awkward silence or the person you

are talking to could be unpleasant in some way.

For many people, it is therefore easier and more relaxed to only talk

to people they know anyway. At least then you know where you stand.

But if you do not talk to strangers at events, you run the risk of living

below your means. Whether it is missing out on interesting topics and

opinions, or perhaps even jobs and friends.

The fear of rejection

Admittedly, hardly anyone admits this to the outside world, because

what would your friends or colleagues think if you said “I don't want

to go to the event. I don't know anyone there. And I don't want to talk

to anyone. I'm just worried that I'll be a nuisance if I sit or stand next

to strangers ?” More socially acceptable are arguments, or rather excuses,

such as “I can't go to the event, unfortunately I don't have time!”

MAFO 2-25 39

BUSINESS

But if you do not talk

to strangers at

events, you run the risk of

living below your means.

From a purely objective point of view, you could say: “Why don't you

just go? If you approach a few people, you're bound to have a few

conversations. And if someone actually turns you down, then just go

and talk to other people at the event.” That is the logic. And because

it sounds so plausible, most people who would like to network but do

not know how to do so stress themselves out.

Suddenly, agonizing thoughts pop into their heads, which are often

very (self-)destructive: “Why on earth am I too stupid to just say to

someone ‘Hello, what brings you here to the event?’ or ‘Hello, I'm Max

Mustermann. You and I don't know each other yet. How did you hear

about the event?’”

Ideally, you should not attract attention by giving a long monologue

or even a lecture. However, this can quickly happen if you expect to

inspire those present: “What could the others think if they do not realize

what a brilliant person has just joined them?”

It is better to ask a good question about the topic that has just been

discussed in order to show interest and ideally expand your own

knowledge spectrum.

This is exactly what is crucial: asking questions to understand other

people even better. Do not hold unsolicited monologues. Sympathy

quickly develops when you realize that another person is genuinely

interested in your experiences and opinions.

False expectations are deceptive

If you expect or demand of yourself that you have to meet interesting

people, you are bound to fail. Because then you think and judge far

too much: “What does he look like? I'm not going to see him!”, “They

drink beer that early? They can't be sensible people!” or “Oh, he's

standing there on his own, so he can't be important!”. These judgments

are fatal – and nip any idea of networking in the bud.

Networking is not primarily about only approaching certain people,

but generally people you do not yet know – without prejudice. After

all, you are not supposed to spend the whole evening (or the rest of

your life) with the person you have just spoken to, but you should

definitely change conversation partners.

And yes, sometimes there is just no spark – but other times it is instant.

But that is normal. However, if you are frantically looking for clients

or a new partner by networking and talking to people, you are putting

yourself under far too much pressure. I am sure you have also experienced

this: people who want to sell you something right away at an event

appear very desperate to others – and therefore unattractive.

How to strike up a conversation ...

A fairly relaxed option is to take a quick look around the event room

and then introduce yourself at a bar table where there is still some

space, for example, with the words “Hello, I'm Max Mustermann. May

I join you?”. The other people at the table are usually in the middle of

a conversation but are happy to let you into their circle. It is not about

entertaining the whole table straight away, but about listening first.

What is the conversation about? Can you contribute something?

40

MAFO 2-25

BUSINESS

If you cannot do anything with the topic at the table at the moment, it

is better not to ask or say anything about it yourself but perhaps join in

a few minutes later when the topic is more suitable or interesting for you.

Or, when something is finished, introduce another topic, for example

“And what did you particularly like about the presentation by the guest

speaker on stage that we heard earlier in the room?”

And when will the business come?

“So, what do you do?” is a very common question on first contact. Here,

however, it is important to maintain a balance between pushiness and

indifference. If one person is too much in sales mode while the other

is not in buying mode at all, it can quickly become awkward.

Switching to a more in-depth business topic afterwards has proven to

be a good idea. For example, you could add the person via LinkedIn

and call them a few days after making contact to say “Nice that we

spoke recently at the event in Paris. I have now seen that you do A and

B. I thought I would pick up the phone for a moment because I have a

valuable addition. Can we talk briefly about this?”


If you want to network properly, you do not just talk to strangers in

order to sell them something, but to help them unconditionally – without

any ulterior motives. In short: you support the person by giving them

contacts, tips or recommendations if you have the impression that

these suggestions would be of benefit to them.

This strengthens your own reputation in the medium term, even if not

every person you have helped will – and can – return the favor directly.

The bottom line, however, is that it makes you an even more attractive

person to talk to and contact, because word is increasingly getting

around that you are a person who sees solutions and ways forward,

has many contacts and supports others without prejudice and without

expecting anything in return.

Oliver Schumacher

Oliver Schumacher, sales trainer since 2009, networking professional

and personal brand, sets new accents in the areas of knowledge

transfer, learning culture and personal positioning in a likeable,

well-founded manner. Under the motto “Be real”, he shows how anyone

can become No. 1 - whether self-employed, manager or employee.

For him, the main drivers of growth are curiosity and courage, discipline

and (self-)confidence. www.oliver-schumacher.de

MAFO 2-25 41

MARKET SURVEYS

MEI System

www.meisystem.com

Industrial Edging

4Racer TBA Swift

Bisphera TBA Phoenix

Application

Application field

Lens materials

Medium sized labs

Mass production labs

CR39, Hi-Index, Polycarbonate, Trivex, Tribrid

Small labs

Medium sized labs


Lens diameter minimum [mm] 20 20

Lens diameter maximum [mm] 85 85

Maximum base curve [dpt]

Standard: up to 09 – Special: up to 16 (possible limitations based on real front radius, thickness ,

shape and decentration. )

Technical data

Productivity [Ø lenses per hour] up to 200 up to 160

Dimensions [w x d x h] (mm / inch)

(Machine without conveyor)

Weight [kg / lbs]

With automatic loading

[mm] 1400 x 2555 x 2380

[inch] 55.1 x 100.6 x 93.7


[mm] 1900 x 2400 x 2350(h)

[inch] 81 x 107 x 93(h)


[kg] 1500

[lbs] 3307

Grinding / /

Milling x x

Dry edging x x

Automatic lens loading/ unloading x x

Process

Fully automated x x

On-the-block / /

Blockless x x

Special features - machine

Total Quality Control, Final Inspection 4QC, 4

working & 4 inspection stations, Glide Meter,

Silver Polishing, Automatic Calibration, Double

Drive system

Process 4 lenses at the same time, Total Quality

Control, 2 indep. edging stations with 2 spindle

each, high versatility with the tool changing

system, autom. calibration, Double Drive system,

Ionizers to help the scraps evacuation

Drilling x x

Grooving x x

Polishing x x

Bevelling options

Step bevelling / T-bevelling / Bevelling according to a specific curve/Safety bevel

Features

V-Bevel angle

115° standard (100° optional)

Hybrid finishing (e.g. groove on bevel)

Partial bevelling / double grooving / partial step back

Design finishing x x

Engraving / o

Lens inspection

(E.g. Shapes detection, power, axis ….)

Automatic laser engravings detection

Special features

Power & axis inspection, Polarization, Gradient, Blank Cut-Out Auto Correction

Progressives, single vision FF, Edge Process Engravings

Remote access, data supervision, productivity

analysis, temperature stabilizer, central thickness

verification

Remote access, data supervision, productivity

analysis, calibration free design to save time

when changing components

Info

Further information

x = yes; / = no; o = option

42

MAFO 2-25

MARKET SURVEYS

MEI System

www.meisystem.com

Nidek

www.nidek.com

MEI 641 TBA EzFit TBA EasyFit Trend SE-9090 Supra

Small labs

Medium sized labs


Small and medium-sized labs

CR39, Hi-Index, Polycarbonate, Trivex, Tribrid

CR39, Polycarbonat, Trivex, Tribrid,

High Index Plastic, Acrylic Resin

18 20 20 18

90 90 80 100

Standard: up to 09 – Special: up to 16 (possible limitations based on real front radius, thickness , shape and

decentration. )

10

up to 58 up to 50 up to 55

CR-39, High Index Plastic: 44

Polycarbonat, Trivex, Tribrid, Acrylic

Resin: 22


[mm] 1665 x 1405 x 2020

[inch] 65.5 x 55.3 x 79.5


[kg] 975

[lbs] 2150


[mm] 987 x 1484 x 2208

[inch] 38.8 x 58.4 x 86.9


[kg] 650

[lbs] 1433

With manual loading

[mm] 770 x 1000 x 1775(h)

[inch] 31 x 39 x 70(h)

With manual loading

[kg] 450

[lbs] 992

600 x 517 x 611

118 / 260

/ / / x

x x x /

x x x /

x

x

Fully automated with EasyBuddy

accessory

o

x

x

Fully automated with EasyBuddy

accessory

o

/ / / /

x x x /

Manage two jobs per time, quality control, automatic calibration,

Double Drive system

Automatic calibration, Double Drive

system, Immediate lens placement

with the integrated lensometer, load

right and left lenses at once and

wait for the complete process, Total

Quality Control

Compact automation system with

optional robot unit

x x x o

x x x x

x x x x

Step bevelling / T-bevelling / Bevelling according to a specific curve/

Safety bevel

Step bevelling / T-bevelling/ Bevelling

according to a specific curve/

Safety bevel/Mini Bevel

Step bevelling, Safety bevelling

115° standard (100° optional) 110°

Partial bevelling / double grooving / partial step back /

x x x o

o o o /

Power & axis inspection, Polarization, Gradient,

Blank Cut-Out Auto Correction

Power & axis inspection, Shapes and

holes detection, Gradient, Blank Cut-

Out Auto Correction

Progressives, single vision FF, Edge Process Engravings /

Remote access, data supervision, productivity analysis

Smart facets option, remote access,

data supervision, user-friendly interface,

active carbon filter

o

High quality polish and polish safety

beveling

Faster grinding with dual spindle

system. No need for a large capacity

air compressor and vacuum unit

MAFO 2-25 43

MARKET SURVEYS

Nidek

www.nidek.com

Schneider


Industrial Edging

SE-9090 Supra L HSE Modulo HSE Modulo QS

Application field Small and medium-sized labs Medium sized labs Medium sized labs, mass production

Application

Lens materials

Mineral, CR39, Polycarbonat, Trivex,

Tribrid, High Index Plastic, Acrylic Resin

CR39, Polycarbonat, Trivex, Tribrid, High Index, Acrylic

Lens diameter minimum [mm] 18 24

Lens diameter maximum [mm] 100 100

Maximum base curve [dpt] 10 up to 16

Technical data

Productivity [Ø lenses per hour]

Dimensions [w x d x h] (mm / inch)

(Machine without conveyor)

CR-39, High Index Plastic: 44

Polycarbonat, Trivex, Tribrid, Acrylic

Resin: 22, Mineral: 20

up to 120 up to 220

600 x 517 x 611 2055 x 1610 x 2110 1650 x 2950 x 2225

Weight [kg / lbs] 118 / 260 1650 / 3638 2750 / 6063

Grinding x / /

Milling / x x

Dry edging / x x

Process

Automatic lens loading/ unloading o x x

Fully automated o x x

On-the-block / o /

Blockless / o x

Special features - machine

Compact automation system with

optional robot unit

2 independent edging stations.

Highest flexibility for complex shapes

4 independent processing stations

for highest throughput

Features

Drilling o x x

Grooving o x x

Polishing x x x

Bevelling options

Safety bevelling

Vertical and inclined bevels (w or w/o polish)

groove, rimless (w or w/o polish)

safety bevel, t-bevel, step back, design cuts, combinations of bevel types

V-Bevel angle 110° 100° - 120° 100° - 120°

Hybrid finishing (e.g. groove on bevel) / x x

Design finishing o x x

Engraving / / /

Lens inspection (E.g. Shapes

Built-in quality control - Rx power, axis, prism, polar axis, cutout check,

o

detection, power, axis ….)

power map (full lens inspection)

Automatic laser engravings

/ x x

detection

Full lens inspection incl. power map;

Full lens inspection incl. power map;

Possible to grind mineral lens

post edging check;

Special features

Modulo system integrable;

(Depended on wheel type)

Modulo system integrable;

Control Center ready

Control Center ready

Info

Further information

Faster grinding with dual spindle

system. No need for a large capacity

air compressor and vacuum unit

x = yes; / = no; o = option

44

MAFO 2-25

Suppliers Guide

Here you will find an overview of various suppliers

for ophthalmic optics materials, equipment and machines.

▶ cleaning and hard coating equipment

▶ coating equipment

▶ crystals

▶ laser engraving & printing

▶ lens surfacing machinery

▶ lenses

▶ machinery – automation, control & packaging

▶ machinery – lens edging & industrial edging

▶ Software, lens designs and more

▶ surfacing and finishing consumables

For further information please contact

Pauline Möller: pauline.moeller@mafo-optics.com

Cleaning and hard coating equipment

info@kanpacific.com

www.kanpacific.com

Cleaning & Hard Coating

Automatic Machines

See more

information

scan QR code

optics@fisa.com

www.fisa.com

HARD COAT LEADER

271 rue Laszlo Biro

Archparc

FR-74160 Archamps

Phone : +33 (0) 450 820 720

Email : office1@scl-intl.com

www.kanpacific.com

scl-intl.com

TINTING CONSUMABLES EXPERTISE


Automatic Machines

See more

information

scan QR code

HARD COATING CLEANING

info@kanpacific.com

Coating equipment

Pub FISA - Optical World 88x40.indd 1 14/12/2021 16:49

Hard coating ad:


Automatic Machines

See more

information

scan QR code

info@kanpacific.com

www.kanpacific.com

Bühler Alzenau GmbH

Business Area Leybold Optics

See more

Siemensstrasse 88, D-63755 Alzenau information

T + 49 (0) 6023 500-0, F + 49 (0) scan 6023 QR500-150

code

leyboldoptics@buhlergroup.com info@kanpacific.com

www.buhlergroup.com

www.kanpacific.com


Automatic Machines

World leaders in Lens Hard Coating

Machines and process solutions

Full range available for any production

volume

Expert advice on your application

contact us: (+44) 1462 49 16 16

sales@optimal-technologies.com optimal-technologies.com

Crystals

QUALITY & SAVINGS

FROM STOCK

• Sensor Heads and Feedthroughs

• INFICON Deposition Monitors and Controllers

• Quality Crystals ®

• Vacuum Pump Fluids

• Vacuum Measurement Gauges

• Electron Beam Gun Parts

• Ion Source Parts

www.filtech.com

617-227-1133 • 800-743-1743

paula@filtech.com

Cleaning MAFO ad: 2-25 45

Suppliers Guide

Laser engraving & printing

Lens surfacing machinery

X-Cube

Lens Digital Printer

Enjoy:

• unlimited designs

• digi-speed process

Choose your frame colour

www.tecofrance.com

info@tecofrance.com

White

Yellow

Blue

Red

Cyan

Purple

SCHNEIDER GmbH & Co. KG

Biegenstrasse 8–12 · 35112 Fronhausen · Germany

Phone: +49 (64 26) 96 96-0 · Fax: +49 (64 26) 96 96-100

www.schneider-om.com · info@schneider-om.com

Lens surfacing machinery

Machinery - Automation, Control & Packaging

AUTOMATION & ROBOTICS

www.ar.be

MAFO_AD

88 x 40 mm_Bleed 3mm

TOTAL LENS INSPECTION

DIGITAL INKING

STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL (SPC)

SERVICES & AUTOMATED SOLUTIONS

salesmarketing@ar.be

Machinery - lens edging & industrial edging

Combination of

dynamic ideas and

stable performance

provides superb Lens Edging

www.nidek.com

info@nidek.co.jp

Software, lens designs and more

Optical Machinery. Processing Technology.

OptoTech Optikmaschinen GmbH

Sandusweg 2-4 • 35435 Wettenberg/Germany

!AZ.indd 2

Tel.: + 49 641 49939-0

eMail: info.de@optotech.net

Web: www.optotech.net

20.08.24 22:21

Focus on you

OPTICAL MANUFACTURING SOLUTIONS

Satisloh AG

Neuhofstrasse 12

CH - 6340 Baar / Switzerland

Phone: +41 (0) 41766 16 16

Email: info@satisloh.com

satisloh.com

03.08.24 10:28

Your lens design

and innovation experts.

IOT exists to empower optical

businesses to achieve excellence in

providing freeform lens solutions.

46

MAFO 2-25

Suppliers Guide

Software, lens designs and more

Surfacing and finishing consumables

The Lab Management System Company

LensWare International GmbH

Robert-Bosch-Str. 32

63225 Langen - Germany

Phone : +49 6103 / 372 87 87

Email : info@lensware.de

Web : www.lensware.de

Surfacing and finishing consumables

GENERATING

POLISHING

EDGING

20 avenue Reille - 75014 PARIS - FRANCE

Tl. : +33 (0)1 45 89 84 44 - Fax : +33 (0)1 45 89 66 54

contact@agp-abrasifs.com - www.agp-abrasifs.com

kydiamond.ca

sales@ kydiamond.ca

Media

TECHNOLOGY AT IT’S BEST –

FOR OPHTHALMIC LABS & INDUSTRY


YOUR ULTRA PRECISION

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> Excellent service and

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HOME OF YOUR

BUSINESS

> Compliant with

any generator

1 module (88 x 40 mm) per year

with company logo 4c = € 990 p.a.

incl.

presence in the

MAFO online

Suppliers Guide

SAMPLE

Contact: pauline.moeller@mafo-optics.com

SG_Eyepress.indd 1 30.01.20 16:41

!AZ.indd 3

03.06.14 12:02


VISIT THE WEBSITE

YOUR TRUSTED SOURCE

IN OPHTHALMIC OPTICS

03.12.14 12:17

WWW.MAFO-OPTICS.COM

HISTORY

Pioneer

Hermann von Helmholtz

Fundamental principles in many disciplines

Hermann von Helmholtz (1821-1894) was one of the most important scientists of the

19 th century. He is the classic example of a polymath. In an era characterized by farreaching

discoveries and advances, Helmholtz achieved outstanding results not only

as a physicist, but also as a physiologist and physician. And he also left a lasting mark

on ophthalmic optics and ophthalmology. By Silke Sage

Optics, acoustics, thermodynamics, hydrodynamics,

electrodynamics, meteorology: Herman von Helmholtz

mastered and shaped these disciplines. But as one of the

first to understand the eye as an optical system in the

modern sense, he made a significant contribution to revolutionizing the

scientific perspective on human vision. Ophthalmology and optics are

the focus of this article.

Early life and scientific career

Helmholtz was born on August 31, 1821, in Potsdam and showed great

interest in nature and science already as a child, but initially studied

medicine at the University of Berlin. Despite his medical studies, he

soon turned to experimental science and developed a career that led

him from medicine and physiology to physics. This led to groundbreaking

work in the fields of thermodynamics, acoustics and electrodynamics.

Helmholtz and ophthalmic optics:

the eye as an optical system

Helmholtz's most revolutionary achievement in ophthalmic optics was

his theory of the human eye as an optical system. In those days, knowledge

of how the eye worked was still very limited and often characterized by

speculative and imprecise ideas. But Helmholtz changed this with his

precise physiological and optical investigations.

He showed that the eye essentially functions like a camera (obscura) by

projecting light rays onto the retina, where they are converted into nerve

impulses. This finding was one of the first scientifically substantiated

theories on how vision works. In particular, he succeeded in measuring

the refractive power of the eye and in understanding the role of the eye

lens mechanism in focusing light rays. His work moved the discipline

away from empirical to a more scientific one.

Another important step in his work was the development of a precise model

of eye lens deformation. In his theory of accommodation of the eye, he

was able to explain how the lens of the eye deforms when focusing on

objects at different distances. This discovery was a milestone that laid the

foundation for the development of spectacle lenses and other optical aids.

The emergence of the ophthalmoscope

But Helmholtz was also a practical innovator. In 1851, he invented

the ophthalmoscope (ophthalmoscope) – a device that made it

possible to visualize the retina of the eye for the first time. This was

a milestone in medical practice as it allowed doctors to view the eye

from a completely new perspective. Before, it was almost impossible

to observe the structure of the retina, which severely limited the

diagnosis of eye diseases.

Doctors could now look directly at the retina and take detailed images

of its condition. This enabled users to detect eye diseases such as retinal

detachments, inflammations and tumors at an early stage. The ophthalmoscope

caught on worldwide and became the standard instrument for

ophthalmologists.

Further contributions to ophthalmic optics

The scientist also worked intensively on the mechanism of color vision

and discovered that the eye is able to differentiate between different

wavelengths of light, which is crucial for color vision. In his work on

color theory, he brought scientific clarity to the understanding of color

perception and thus laid the foundations for later work in this field.

Helmholtz also dealt with the investigation of defective vision. Through

his findings on the accommodative function of the eye, he was able to

contribute to a deeper understanding of short-sightedness and longsightedness.

His work on the development of spectacles and lenses was

also of great importance for medical practice.

Helmholtz's influence on modern ophthalmology

His work had a profound influence on the development of modern

ophthalmology. The methods and devices he developed, such as the

ophthalmoscope and his theories on the visual system, formed the

foundation for many developments in the 20th century.

His influence on medical science can still be felt today. The model he

developed of the eye as an optical system is still a central component of

modern ophthalmology and has laid the foundations for numerous

scientific research projects in this field.

48

MAFO 2-25

OUTLOOK

Closing with good news!

Smart contact lens that measures eye pressure

In the journal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, researchers report on the

prototype of a “smart” contact lens that accurately measures eye pressure

regardless of temperature. Elevated intraocular pressure can lead to glaucoma, a

group of eye diseases in which the optic nerve is damaged and visual impairment

can result, so early detection is desirable. However, a slight increase in intraocular

pressure is usually not noticed by those affected and can only only be detected by

an ophthalmologist.

Researchers have previously tested ways of detecting tiny fluctuations in pressure

continuously and more conveniently, e.g. with contact lenses that send signals

to receptor glasses. Since changing temperatures can distort measurements,

Dengbao Xiao and his colleagues at the Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing,

China, wanted to develop a contact lens that accurately measures eye pressure

over a wide temperature range and transmits it wirelessly in real time.

The first attempts are promising and the “smart” contact lens could one day help

to measure eye pressure and send wireless signals to enable the early detection of

glaucoma.

Picture: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2024

MAFO 01 MAFO 03

MAFO 05

Special

topics in

MAFO 2025

Lab

Management

Smart

Processes

Sustainable

Environments

Connected

Products

Go Green!

Markets

Worldwide

MAFO 02

MAFO 04

MAFO 06

Preview

MAFO 03/2025

Sustainable Environments is the special topic of the next MAFO issue May/June

2025. You can learn more about a sustainable technology that allows printing color

on lenses instead of dip coating them. Furthermore, you will find a report about

the Essilor production facility in Braunschweig (Germany) that also has a special

focus on sustainability, and we talk with experts about ways to create a sustainable

environment in the ophthalmic optics industry – ecological and social. And last but

not least, you can find the market survey Generating here.

MAFO 2-25 49


Saarner Str. 151


66527

Germany

Real-time data

collection, to improve

your lab performance

Detect & correct issues

before they leave your

production site

Get the right machine

and process reports that

impact your OEE

Analyze production data &

identify areas to reduce your

environmental footprint

01_Titel.indd 1 13.03.25 17:24


Saarner Str. 151


66527

Germany

processes

lenses

hour

L_AZ_Modulo_Center_ONE_MAFO_12-2024_160x225_4c_engl_D.indd 1 02.12.2024 11:52:33

sq.ft.


Saarner Str. 151

45479 Muelheim a. d. Ruhr 66527

Germany

Freely

configurable

Highest

efficiency

One holistic

system

RZ_AZ_AWS_modulo_ONE_2_MAFO_8-2024_160x225_4c_engl_D.indd 1 15.08.2024 16:00:51

01_Titel.indd 1 28.08.24 12:58

4/2024


Saarner Str. 151

45479 Muelheim a. d. Ruhr 66527

Germany

Significant

cost savings

Highest

throughput

Lights out

polishing

RZ_AZ_CCP_modulo_ONE_MAFO_07-2022_160x225_4c_engl_D.indd 1 17.06.2024 07:42:42

01_Titel.indd 1 05.07.24 13:36

Missed an issue?

No problem, view the latest issues online:

app.mafo-optics.com

ISSN 1614-1598 66527

Volume 21

ISSN 1614-1598 66527

Volume 21

ISSN 1614-1598 66527

Volume 20

ISSN 1614-1598 66527

Volume 20





Connect, discover,

stay up-to-date

2/2025

▶ Special:

Smart Processes

The evolution of

cosmetic inspection

Next generation

centering devices

▶ Live on Site

Experiencing

the future of


Between intelligent

production in the

lab and eyeglass

lens science fiction

▶ Spotlight

A strong future

in Orlando?

50 years of

developments in

ophthalmic lenses

A strong IT foundation

is not just a necessity

– it is a game-changer

▶ Market Survey

Industrial edging

MES-360

OPTIMIZE YOUR LAB’S DAILY PROCESSES, LEVEL UP YOUR

PRODUCTIVITY, MONITOR & CONTROL YOUR PRODUCTION

MES-360 Manufacturing Execution Software is specifically developed for the optical industry to optimize

lab productivity. The latest version delivers improved dashboard components incl. KPIs in real time, e.g.

number of jobs per shift & machine status overview. It provides reports on lab productivity & machine

energy consumption. Another feature provided is access to machine manuals.

PRODUCTION

QUALITY

MACHINE

WASTE

EFFICIENCY

CONTROL

PERFORMANCE

REDUCTION

Request a demo & learn how MES-360 can level up your lab’s productivity!

satisloh.com

Connect, discover,

stay up-to-date

1/2025

▶ Special:

Lab Management

Blockless lens

surfacing technologies

A radically new way of

subjective refraction

Additive manufactured

coatings

▶ Spotlight

MAFO – The

Conference timetable

and more

▶ Live on Site

Visit at Morrow:

Addition at the

touch of a button

▶ Market Survey

Cleaning machinery

4

M

ALL-IN-

80

dulo Center

in 1

72

Imagine one single machine featuring all the technology to surface 80 lenses/hour,

in just 72 sq.ft. This is the new Modulo Center ONE. The all-in-one surfacing center is a

full-fledged production line without limitations: a milling station // a lathe turning

station // one or two 4-spindle polishing units // a CO2 or excimer laser

Modulo Center ONE features highly advanced Modulo ONE process technology as well as

robust and reliable components proven in hundreds of installations across the globe.

An inner ring forms the basis for the smart and swift automation featuring multiple

handling systems. Substantial time savings are won through the machine’s tight integration

and by running all processes simultaneously – even milling and lathe turning.

The result: There is no faster way to surface a lens.

Its’ dedicated Control Center (MES) informs at a glance about the current status of the

machine, production parameters, and efficiency.

With Modulo Center ONE the jobs are processed in a fully automated environment

without any need for operator intervention. Simply put: Blank in, surfaced lens out.

SEE IT LIVE AT MIDO // 08. – 12. February 2025 // Hall 6 // Booth K15 K21 N16 N22


Connect, discover,

stay up-to-date

5/2024

▶ Special:

Go Digital!

Five AI myths

Dive into the world

of smart glasses

Security training in the

supply chain | Part 1

▶ Technology

Making it possible:

automated cosmetic

inspection

Optimize your lab

production with a

powerful LMS

▶ Spotlight

Artificial intelligence

supports transfer in

continuing education

Debunk your

marketing platitudes

▶ Market Surveys

AR coating machines

THE FIRST FULLY-AUTOMATED

WAREHOUSING SYSTEM

AWS m

dulo

With AWS Modulo ONE, the one-of-a-kind Modulo system is extended by a fully-automated

warehouse system for highly efficient and space saving storage and retrieval.

Labs now benefit from full automation all the way from warehousing to surfacing,

cleaning, coating and edging – all in one fully integrated system from a single

supplier. AWS Modulo ONE intelligently automates everyday production logistics.

It reliably stores and picks semi-finished or finished lenses, frames and more directly

into the job tray. Thanks to the small footprint, fast automation, and 24/7 availability,

warehousing is effectively stream-lined and efficiency is increased significantly.

Manual handling is reduced to a minimum, preventing human error.

AWS Modulo ONE is freely configurable and can be customized specifically to meet a

lab’s facility layout, capacity and throughput. Entirely scalable, it is fit to reflect future

demands. Built-in redundancy guarantees there is no single point of failure. RFID technology

assures unmistakable identification in job handling.

Take another step towards all-in automation.

Visit us at Vision Expo West // September 19 – 21, 2024 // Booth F5035


Connect, discover,

stay up-to-date

▶ Special topic:

Go Green!

The A to Z of

sustainability

First eyewear

sustainability

certification program

Good vision for

everyone

▶ Technology

Lens edge coating

▶ Spotlight

“Always stretching

the limits!” ‒ 20 years

of Quest Vision Care

Specialty Lab

What makes a good

pair of golf glasses –

and what does not

▶ Market Surveys

Dip hard coating

machines

Spin hard coating

machines

UNMATCHED THROUGHPUT,

EXCELLENT QUALITY

C C P m


dulo

Better quality, drastically higher throughput, lower complexity –

CCP Modulo ONE follows an entirely new philosophy. It comes with a

new spindle design, pad architecture and smarter process technology

facilitating lights out polishing. Just a single pad is enough to achieve

highest quality results. Its innovative pad design provides the versatility

and durability required for longterm uninterrupted polishing.

CCP Modulo ONE works entirely without tool changes, eliminating

the risks that come with it. Running all processes simultaneously,

unprecedented speed for highest throughput is promoted.

CCP Modulo ONE comes with full 4.0 intelligence, smart pad wear

monitoring as well as a dedicated cleaning station, cleaning and

drying the lens and the block piece.

Fast and highly cost-effective, the robust polisher provides labs

with lowest cost per lens!

MASTHEAD

PUBLISHERS ADDRESS


Saarner Str. 151, D-45479 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr

Tel.: +49-208-306683-00

Fax: +49-208-306683-99

Website: www.mafo-optics.com

E-mail: info@mafo-optics.com

CEO

Petros Sioutis

E-mail: p.sioutis@eyepress.de

PUBLISHER

Silke Sage, Petros Sioutis, Efstathios Efthimiadis

FOUNDED 2003 by Jörg Spangemacher

BANK DETAILS

Bank account: Sparkasse Aachen

Bank No.: 390 500 00, Acc. No.: 1073 3925 06

IBAN: DE21 3905 0000 1073 3925 06

SWIFT: AACSDE33XXX

CHIEF-EDITOR

Hanna Diewald

E-mail: hanna.diewald@mafo-optics.com

EDITORS

Rebekka Nurkanovic

E-mail: rebekka.nurkanovic@mafo-optics.com

Britta Laupichler

E-mail: britta@mafo-optics.com

TRANSLATIONS

John Saniter, Bopfingen

EDITORIAL BOARD

Jörg Spangemacher, Peter Baumbach, Mo Jalie

PRODUCTION & LAYOUT

Efstathios Efthimiadis, Pascal Bruns

E-mail: produktion@eyepress.de

DISTRIBUTION

PressUp GmbH, Postbox 70 13 11, D-22013 Hamburg

Tel.: +49-40-386666-308, Fax: +49-40-386666-299

MEDIA CONSULTANT

Pauline Möller

Tel.: +49-208-306683-24

E-mail: pauline.moeller@mafo-optics.com

ADVERTISING AGENT GREAT CHINA

Beijing FOCUS Optics Culture Communication Co. Ltd.

Room 319, Building 2, Nr. 1, Northbank 1292, Nr. 15

Jianguo Eastroad,

Beijing 100024 (Chaoyang), P.R. China

Mrs. Jian Wang

Tel.: +86-10-8537-6529

Email: jennywang_focus@126.com

Skype: jennywang611

焦点视光 ( 北京 ) 文化传播有限公司

北京市朝阳区建国东路 15 号院甲一号北岸 1292

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电话 :+86-10-8537-6529

电邮 :jennywang_focus@126.com

ADVERTISEMENT RATES

Price list no. 21, valid from January 01, 2025

Publication schedule

6 issues 2025: January, March, May,

July, September, November

SUBSCRIPTION COSTS PER YEAR

European Union € 140,00

(plus VAT for German companies)

Overseas Seamail € 160,00

Overseas Airmail € 195,00

United States Seamail € 170,00

United States Airmail € 225,00

Single issue € 20,00

(plus mailing costs)

The Publisher requires three months written notice on

cancellation. Subscribers please note that proof of

notice may be required.

PHOTO CREDITS

P.10: Camille Couvez, P.12: GR Stocks, P.16: stokkete,

P.30,33, 49: Getty Images, P.39: Dee

/stock.adobe.com /unsplash.com /envato.com /

pixabay.com

PRODUCTION & PRINT

Kollin Medien GmbH, Neudrossenfeld, Germany

The publisher takes no responsibility for unsolicited

manuscripts. Please note also that photographs submitted

for use in MAFO cannot be returned. The publisher’s

written permission is required for any reproduction,

translation or recording of material published in MAFO,

including extracts of such material. Permission will

normally be given, subject to the usual acknowledgement.

Copies made of published items must be limited

in number and for personal use only.

50

MAFO 2-25

Your lens design and innovation partner

Discover our amazing

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Try Neochromes,

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photochromic lenses

Scan to discover

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Our state-of-the-art photochromic

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Embrace the light

IOT offers advanced ophthalmic technology solutions from initial design and development to the industrial manufacturing process.

Our products create added value and offer a boost of innovation for any company or laboratory, regardless of size.

www.iotlenses.com

MAFO 02/2025

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