Corpoate Yatra Jestha 2082

WWW.CORPORATESAMACHAR.com |

CORPORATE YATRA MAGAZINE | Jeth–ASAR | 2082 | 1

| WWW.CORPORATESAMACHAR.com

2

| CORPORATE YATRA MAGAZINE | Jeth–ASAR | 2082




a} +sdf t/ntf y'lk|P/

dfq} nufgL a9\b}g

!)

cy{tGq rnfodfg

agfpg s/sf b/df

Jofks x]/km]/ u/f} “

!^

;/sf/n] c6f] If]qdf

nufgL ug] {x¿nfO{

lg?T;flxt u¥of]

@)

xfdLn] kf“r ;o

¿k}of“;Ddsf]

6«fGHofS;gnfO{ z'Ns

nufPsf 5}gf} “ –@$

c6f] pBf]usf] luo/ abNg]

o'jf g]t[Tj –@(

gof“ btf{ x'g] ;xsf/Ldf

artstf{sf] ] /sd 8'Ag]

cj:yf cfp“b}g –#)

%) s/f]8sf] Jofh a} +sdf

ltbf{ Joj;foLsf] nfut

sxf“ k'U5 < –#$

k|bLkdfg zfSo M g]kfnL

sk8fdf snf / cfTdf

el/lbg] lzNkL Û –#*

;jf] {Qd ln6f]M dftflktfsf]

e/f];fsf] csf] { gfd –$)

;/sf/sf] cg]sy/L

gLltn] xfd|f] s[lif If]q ynf

k/]sf] 5 –$@

gLlt, k"jf{wf/ /

sfof{Gjoglagf ko{6g cl3

a9\b}g –$$

Banking and

Nepal’s Economy

Partners in

Progress -47

aLdf sfof{Gjog slt

;kmn < –$*

aLdf ahf/ :j–:km"t{ ?kdf

cufl8 a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g –%)

skf] {/]6 dlxnf afOs

¥ofnL @)@% eJo?kdf

;DkGg –%@

4


}

+


d"No M !)) ?k}ofF

gof“ ofqf, gof“ b[li6sf]0f

g]kfnsf] lghL If]q olta]nf cfly{s ¿kfGt/0fsf] vf]hLdf 5 . sf]le8–!( kl5 g]kfndf

dfq geP/ k|foM ;a} b]zx¿ sl7g cj:yfdf k'u]sf 5g\ . h;sf] c;/ skf]{/]6 If]q cem w]/}

sl7g cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 . of] cj:yfaf6 kf/ kfpgsf nflu ca :yfloTj, kf/blz{tf /

bL3{sfnLg /0fgLlts ;f]rsf] cfjZostf olta]nf dx;'; eO/x]sf] 5 . ;du| cfly{s

ultljlwnfO{ lrg]{u/L ;/sf/n] cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ /0fgLlt

ckgfpg kg]{ dx;'; ePsf] 5 .

olt ;Dj]bgzLn / ;Defjgfn] el/Psf] 38Ldf, skf] {/]6 ofqf Dofulhg klxnf] k|sfzgdfkm{t

g]kfnL skf] {/]6 / cfly{s If]qsf] ljsf;, r'gf}tL / ;Defjgfsf] ofqf ;d]6\g] k|oTg ub{5 . xfdL a'‰5f} F,

cfly{s ljifoj:t' s]jn tYofª\ssf] u0fgf dfq xf]Og, of] gLlt, gjk|jt{g, g]t[Tj / b[9 ;ª\sNksf]

syf xf] . Pp6f Joj;foLn] s:tf] gLltsf] ck]Iff /fV5 < s] rfxfG5 < p;n] v]Ng] e"ldsfn] cfd

gful/ssf] hLjg:t/df s;/L kl/jt{g Nofpg ;S5 ca To;sf] vf]hL ldlxg 9ª\un] x'g'k5{ / xfdL

klg To;df Ps–Ps OF6f yKg cft'/ 5f} F .

slt g]kfnL pBdLx¿n] ljZj ahf/df k|lt:kwf{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . clg ;/sf/ / lghL If]qaLrsf]

;xsfo{ slt k|efjsf/L 5 < o:tf ljifox¿df uxg ljZn]if0f, ;fIffTsf/ / cg';Gwfgdfkm{t ;';"lrt

ax; l;h{gf ug{ ' g} xfd|f] d'Vo p2]Zo xf] . g]kfnsf] jt{dfg cfly{s ;+/rgf km]/abnsf] df]8df 5 .

lghL If]qn] s/ k|0ffnL, ljQLo kx'Fr, k"FhL ahf/sf] ljsf;, cf}Bf]lusLs/0f, gjk|jt{g /

/f]huf/L l;h{gfsf ljifodf ;lqmo cfjfh p7fO/x]sf] 5 . t/

cfjfh dfq kof{Kt 5}g, ;"rgf / k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;Fu} xfd|f]

Joj;fonfO{ klg k|ljlwtkm{ 9fNg'kg]{ 5 . cfO{;L6L / PcfO{ h:tf

gofF s'/fnfO{ ca xfdLn] klg ;Fu} lnP/ hfg'kg]{ 5 . o:tf cfjfh

tYodf cfwfl/t, p2]Zo pGd'v / lgdf{0fd'vL x'g'k5{ . …skf]{/]6

ofqfÚ oxL p2]Zo lnP/ cl3 a9\g rfxG5 .

gLlt c:ki6tf, nufgLsf] clglZrttf, ahf/sf] ;Lldttf

/ ;/sf/L ;+oGq;Fusf] ;dGjosf] cefjh:tf ljifon] lghL

If]qnfO{ hsl8/x]sf] 5 . o:tf r'gf}tLx¿sf aLr klg cufl8

al9/x]sf pBdLx¿, l;h{gzLn g]t[Tj / gjk|jt{gnfO{ xfd|f]

Dofulhgn] s]Gb|df /fVg]5 . xfdL rfxG5f}F, skf]{/]6 Dofulhg Pp6f ;femf d~r agf];\, hxfF

Jofj;flos cg'ej, tYodf cfwfl/t ljZn]if0f / ;'wf/sf nflu ;'emfjx¿ v'n]/ k|:t't

ul/of];\ . xfdL ;w}+ ;To, tYo / lgikIftfsf] cfwf/df g]kfnL skf]{/]6 If]qsf syf, r'gf}tL

/ ;Defjgfx¿ phfu/ ug{ k|ltj4 /xg]5f}F .

of] Dofulhg xfd|f] ;fgf] k|of; xf]—hxfF Joj;fo, pBf]u, nufgL / pBdzLntf;DaGwL syf,

ljZn]if0f / ljrf/x¿nfO{ tYodf cfwfl/t kqsfl/tfsf] dfWodaf6 k|:t't ug] { nIo lnPsf] 5 . of]

s]jn ;dfrf/ jf ;"rgfsf] k|sfzg dfq xf]Og, Ps lsl;dsf] Kn]6kmd{ xf]—hxfF lghL If]qsf cu|b"tx¿sf]

cfjfh, gLlt lgdf{tfx¿sf Wofgfsif{0f / gofF k':tfsf pBdzLn ;f]rx¿ Ps 7fpFdf ;d]l6g]5g\ .

xfdL ljZjf; u5f{ +, g]kfndf ;d[l4sf] cfwf/ lghL If]qsf] dha'tL, kf/blz{tf / lbuf] j[l4 xf] .

;/sf/L ;+oGqx¿, gLlt–lgod, nufgL k|j4{gsf ;+/rgfx¿ / ;dli6ut cfly{s ;f]r o;tkm{

s]lGb|t x'g h?/L 5 . t/, lghL If]q :jod\ klg cfTdlrGtg, ;'wf/ / pQ/bfloTjsf] cEof;df

sl6a4 x'g'k5{ . log} b'O{ cjojx¿nfO{ ;Gt'lnt b[li6af6 hf]8\g] s8L aGg] k|of; xfdLn] u/]sf 5f} F .

xfd|f] Dofulhg gLltlgdf{tf, Joj;foL, nufgLstf{, cg';Gwfgstf{ / o'jfzlQm ;a}sf

nflu Ps ;femf Kn]6kmd{ aGg] cfsf+Iff /fv]/ cufl8 a9\g] 5, hxfF ulx/f] ljrf/ cfbfgk|bfg

xf];\, ;kmntfsf syf ;femf xf]pg\ / bL3{sfnLg ;dfwfgk|ltsf] ax; pTkGg xf];\ . o; ofqfdf

xfdL kf7s, lj1, pBdL, gLlt lgdf{tf / o'jfk':tfnfO{ ;fem]bf/sf] ¿kdf x]5f{}+ . tkfO{+sf]

;'emfj, ;dfnf]rgf / ;xsfo{n] g} of] DofulhgnfO{ cem k|uf9 / pkof]uL agfpg d2t k'Ug]

ljZjf; lnPsf 5f}F . P;=Pg= skf]{/]6 k|f=ln= åf/f ;~rflnt of] k|sfzg, s]jn ;dfrf/ jf

l/kf]6{sf] ;+u|x xf]Og, of] g]kfnL cy{tGqsf] ofqf / cfTd;dfnf]rgfsf] bk{0f aGg]5 . h;n]

gfkmf dfq} xf]Og d"No lgdf{0f / bL3{sfnLg of]ubfgnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ ;Gb]z lbG5 .

btf{ g+= %(^÷@)*!÷)*@

jif{ !, cª\s ! h]7–c;f/ @)*@

Year 1 | Vol. 1 | MAY-JUNE 2025

P;= Pg= skf] {/]6 ;dfrf/

k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt

sf nflu===

sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/

;'bz{g yklnof

cWoIf÷k|aGw lgb] {zs

;ª\uLtf vqL

;Dkfbs

ef]h/fh e08f/L

;Dkfbg ;d"x

;dLIff ahufFO{

ls/0f a:g]t

k|sfz /fh If]qL

bLks yfkf

tl:a/

lzjnfn >]i7

k|d'v Joj:yfks

/ljg l/;fn

Joj:yfks

6Lsf sfsL{

n]–cfp6÷cfj/0f

;'gLn s]l8of

d'b|0f

Snf;L lk|lG6ª k| ];

-eQmk'/, /fw]/fw]_

sfof{no

afuahf/, sf7df8f}

corporatesamachar

samachar@gmail.com

;Dks{ g+= (*%!!^^#*@



6





lghL If]qn] ck]Iff u/]sf] ah]6 Û

rGb| k|;fb 9sfn

cWoIf, pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3

;/sf/n] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] gLlt tyf

sfo{qmdn] lghL If]qnfO{ ;sf/fTds ;ª\s]t

lbPsf] 5 . ca cfpg] ah]6n] To;} lbzfdf

ljZjf;, pT;fx / nufgLd}qL jftfj/0f

lgdf{0f ug]{ ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . lghL If]q

cy{tGqsf] d]?b08 xf] eGg] tYonfO{ :jLsfb}{

ah]6n] o; If]qsf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f /

k|j4{gdf s]lGb|t x'g'k5{ .

ljut s]xL jif{b]lv d'n'sdf gLlt tyf

sfg'gsf] cl:y/tf Joj;fo lj:tf/sf] d'Vo

afws aGb} cfPsf] 5 . Psflt/ nufgL /

/f]huf/L k|j4{gsf] s'/f x'G5 eg] csf]{lt/

gLlt / sfg'gL ;+/rgfx¿ nufgLnfO{

lg?T;flxt ug]{ lsl;dsf eO/x]sf 5g\ .

o:tf] låljwf cGTo u/L ca :ki6,

bL3{sfnLg, ljZj;gLo / l:y/ gLltut

jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{' cTofjZos 5 .

;/sf/n] cfufdL bzsnfO{ nufgL

bzs 3f]if0ff u/L gLlt, sfg'g, k|zf;lgs

k|lqmof tyf ;]jf k|jfxdf cfd"n ;'wf/

Nofpg] vfnsf] k|ltj4tf b]vfpg'k5{ . e"ld,

jg, jftfj/0f, ;fj{hlgs vl/b, ljb]zL

ljlgdoh:tf ljifox¿df /x]sf gLltut

c;fd~h:otf x6fP/ ;dlGjt, :ki6 / ;/n

Joj:yf agfOg' k5{ . nufgL af]8{ / pBf]u

ljefunfO{ ufe]/ Ps zlQmzfnL …jg :6kÚ

;]jf s]Gb|sf] lgdf{0fn] ;]jf k|jfx k|efjsf/L

agfpg d2t ug]{5 .

z';f;g / k|ljlwd}qL zf;g k|0ffnL ca

cfjZostfsf] ¿kdf k|:t't eO;s]sf] 5 .

;Dk"0f{ Joj;fo btf{, gjLs/0f, s/ ltg]{ /

cGo k|lqmof l8lh6n k|0ffnLaf6 gful/s

Pk jf PsLs[t l8lh6n Kn]6kmd{dfkm{t ug{

;Sg] Joj:yf tTsfn cfjZos 5 . t/,

OG6/g]6 ;]jf cem} klg b]ze/ ;dfg¿kdf

lj:tf/ gePsf] x'Fbf n3' tyf demf}nf

Joj;fonfO{ :yfgLo txdf ;]jf pknAw

u/fpg] ljsNk klg /xg'k5{ .

clxn]sf] cfly{s hl6ntfsf] d"ndf

dfu kIfsf] sdhf]/L / k"FhLut vr{sf] Go"gtf

5 . ;/sf/sf] ah]6df k"FhLut vr{sf] lx:;f

sd 5, / To;leq klg vr{ sfof{Gjog emg\

sdhf]/ 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf C0f lnO{

;fwf/0f vr{ a9fpg] k|j[lQn] cy{tGqdf

bL3{sfnLg nfe k'¥ofpg ;Sb}g . o;sf] ;§f

k"FhLut vr{ a9fO{ pTkfbg, /f]huf/L /

pkef]u lj:tf/nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'k5{ .

pBf]u lj:tf/sf nflu pRr d"No

clej[l4 x'g] pBf]ux¿df bz jif{;Dd

;x'lnot ;'ljwf nfu" ul/g'k5{ . To:t},

;oeGbf a9L /f]huf/ l;h{gf ug]{ pBf]unfO{

cfos/ 5'6 lbg ;lsg] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ .

;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]unfO{ Ps s/f]8

¿k}ofF;Dd ;x'lnot shf{sf] ;'lglZrttfsf

nflu /fHo, a}+s tyf ljsf; ;fem]bf/x¿sf]

;xsfo{df qm]l86 Uof/]G6L sfo{qmd

Nofpg'k5{ . :6f6{ck k|j4{gsf nflu lghL

If]qaf6 …;o :6f6{ck, ;o nufgLstf{Ú

cleofg ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg] 5, h;df

;/sf/n] cfjZos k"jf{wf/, sfg'gL ;+/rgf /

;x'lnot gLlt Nofpg'k5{ .

;"rgf k|ljlw, 8f6f ;]G6/, cfO{;L6L

xah:tf k"jf{wf/nfO{ lghL nufgLdf lgdf{0f

ug{ ;xhLs/0f x'g'k5{ . k|fb]lzs txdf klg

k|fljlws k"jf{wf/sf nflu ;/sf/L / lghL

;fem]bf/L cfjZos b]lvG5 . s[lif If]qdf

…v]tb]lv vf8L;DdÚ cleofgcGtu{t s[lif

lgof{t k|j4{gdf ljz]if Wofg lbg'k5{ .

Po/kf]6{x¿df sf]N8 :6f]/]h, PS;–/],

j]o/xfp;h:tf k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f u/L s[lif

lgof{t ;xh agfpg ;lsG5 . kxf8L If]qdf

k|fª\ufl/s gub]afnL k|j4{g u/]/ …k|fª\ufl/s

kxf8Ú cleofgsf] ;'¿jft ug{ ;lsG5 .

ko{6g If]qdf ef/tLo ko{6sn] Nofpg

kfpg] /sdsf] ;Ldf cfhsf] cfjZostf

cg'¿k ;+zf]wg ul/g' k5{ . ljjfx, ;Dd]ng,

wfld{s / ;fxl;s ko{6gnfO{ ljz]if k|f]T;fxg

lbO{ cWofudg k|0ffnLnfO{ cem ;xh /

:jfutof]Uo agfpg' kg]{5 .

pmhf{ If]qdf hnljB't\df nufgL k|j4{g

ug{ s/ 5'6sf] cjlw a9fpg' h?/L 5 .

pBf]ux¿n] k|ToIf ¿kdf pTkfbsx¿;Fu

k|lt:kwf{Tds d"Nodf lah'nL vl/b ug{ ;Sg]

Joj:yf ug{' klg pmhf{ pkof]lutf ;'wf/sf]

Pp6f pkfo xf] . b]zsf d'Vo k"jf{wf/

cfof]hgf, ljz]ifu/L lghu9 cGt/f{li6«o

ljdfg:yn h:tf dxTjfsfª\IfL

of]hgfx¿sf] sfof{Gjog df]8fln6L :ki6

ul/g'k5{ .

s/ k|0ffnLdf ;'wf/ klg ah]6sf] k|d'v

k|fyldstf aGg'k5{ . JolQmut cfos/ ;Ldf

;dfof]hg u/L bDktLsf] xsdf sDtLdf bz

nfv ¿k}ofF;Dd s/ 5'6 lbOg'k5{ .

pTkfbgd"ns pBf]ux¿df cfos/ qmdzM

36fpg], clu|d s/ k|0ffnL x6fpg], u}/s/

/fh:jsf gfddf eO/x]sf c;ª\ul7t

cEof;x¿nfO{ P]gdfkm{t PsLs[t ug{'kg]{

cfjZostf 5 . d"No clej[l4 s/

k|0ffnLdf klg ax'b/ / hl6n k|lqmofn]

pBf]unfO{ c;/ kfl//x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;'wf/

cfjZos 5 .

;du|df eGg] xf] eg], of] ah]6n] lghL

If]qnfO{ k|]l/t ug]{, nufgLd}qL jftfj/0f

lgdf{0f ug]{, pTkfbg / /f]huf/L lj:tf/ ug]{,

gLlt l:y/tf / ;'zf;gnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg],

/ ;dfj]zL cfly{s ljsf;nfO{ ult lbg]

vfnsf] x'g'k5{ . lghL If]qsf] ljZjf; lhTg

;Sg], kf/blz{tf / ;xsfo{sf] ;+:s[lt ljsf;

ug{ ;Sg] oyfy{k/s ah]6 ;dosf] dfu xf] .

;/sf/sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd

;fj{hlgs eO;s]sf] / To;n] lghL If]q

k|j4{gnfO{ ;sf/fTds ¿kdf lnPsf]

;Gbe{df cfufdL aif{sf] ah]6n] nufgLnfO{

k|f]T;fxg ug]{ ck]Iff xfdLn] u/]sf 5f}F .

o; k6ssf] ah]6n] ;fdflhs

8



Gofo;lxtsf] v'nf cy{tGqsf] lj:tf/, gofF

r/0fsf] cfly{s ;'wf/sf nflu ;+/rgfTds

kl/jt{g, lghL If]q k|j4{g, z';f;g

clej[l4 Pjd\ /fh:j kl/rfng tyf

;fj{hlgs vr{sf] k|efjsfl/tf h:tf

kIfnfO{ cfˆgf p2]Zo / k|fyldstfdf ;d]l6g'

kb{5 .

To:t}, ;fwf/0f vr{ 36fO ljsf; vr{

a9fpg] / ;j{;fwf/0fsf] qmozlQm Pjd\

pBdLsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a9fpg]

sfo{qmd o; k6ssf k|d'v cfsif{0f x'g'k5{

eGg] nfU5 .

g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3n]

b]ze/af6 u/]sf] cWoog cg';f/ pBf]u

Joj;fo lj:tf/sf] jfwssf ¿kdf gLltut

cl:y/tfnfO{ lnOPsf] 5 . w]/} b]zx¿n]

/fhgLlts :yfloTj gx'Fbf klg gLltut /

;+:yfx¿nfO{ l:y/ agfO cfly{s pGglt

xfl;n u/]sf 5g\ . To;}n] gLltut l:y/tf

clxn]sf] k|d'v cfjZostf xf] . bf];|f] ljifo

lghL If]qsf] dxQ\jnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf

;a} bnx¿n] :jLsf/ u/L pBdL Joj;foLn]

;Ddflgt eO Joj;fo ug{ kfpg] jftfj/0fsf]

;'lglZrtf xf] . dxf;+3 / ljZj a}+sn] u/]sf]

cWoog cg';f/ *! k|ltzt cy{tGqdf lghL

If]qsf] of]ubfg 5 . o;}u/L *^ k|ltzt

/f]huf/L lghL If]qn] lbPsf] 5 .

xfdLnfO{ s] nfUb5 eg] ;Defjgf eP/

klg ljljw sf/0fn] nufgL x'g g;Sg'df

lghL If]qsf] dgf]an 36\g' xf] . s'n ufx{:y

pTkfbgsf] z"Go bzdnj b'O{ k|ltztdfq}

j}b]lzs nufgL cfPsf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf

;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L cfpFbf] ah]6df

@)*@÷(@ nfO{ nufgL bzs 3f]if0ff u/L

:yfloTjdf ljz]if Wofg lbg'k5{ .

nufgL afwssf] ¿kdf /x]sf e"dL, jg,

jftfj/0f, ;fj{hlgs vl/b, vlgh /

hnljB't\ nufotsf sfg'gx¿df ;'wf/;lxt

nufgL ;Dj4 PsLs[t sfg'g agfO{ gLltut

kf/blz{tf / Jofj;flos ;'/Iffsf]

;'lglZrttf ul/g'kb{5 .

olta]nf cfd lg/fzf sd ug{ /

o'jfx¿nfO{ Joj;fok|lt cfslif{t ug{

z';f;gsf] k|Tofe"lt csf]{ cfjZos ljifo

xf] . xfd|f] Jofj;flos jftfj/0f ;j]{If0fn]

klg o;nfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy b]vfPsf] 5 .

z';f;gsf nflu k|ljlwsf] pRrtd k|of]u

cfjZos 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu gful/s

Pkaf6 Joj;fo btf{b]lv ;Dk"0f{ sfd ug{

;Sg] Joj:yf ug'{k5{ . Joj;fo gjLs/0f

ug'{kg]{ jfWotf cGTo ug'{k5{ . /fh:j

a'emfPs} cfwf/df gjLs/0f x'G5 .

ah]6sf] sl/a !& k|ltzt hlt dfq}

k"FhLut vr{ 5'6\ofOg] / Tof] klg ^)

k|ltzt xf/fxf/L dfq} vr{ x'g] k|j[lQn]

Psftkm{ b]zdf ck]lIft ljsf; x'g ;s]sf]

5}g eg] csf{]tkm{ o;n] ahf/df Go"g dfu

x'g uO{ lghL If]qsf] Joj;fo klg k|efljt

ePsf] 5 .

casf] sDtLdf b'O{ jif{ ah]6sf] cfsf/

to ubf{ /fh:jsf] j[l4b/ hlt g} ah]6sf]

cfsf/ j[l4 ug'{k5{ . o:tf] a]nfdf ;/sf/n]

a9LeGbf a9L vr{ ug'{kg]{ s]xL

cy{zf:qLx¿sf] egfO 5 . t/, ;g !(&)

sf] bzstfsf ;/sf/n] b}lgs vr{

;~rfng sd ug]{, lghL If]q /

;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ s/sf] b/ sd u/L pTkfbg /

pkef]u a9fpg] ljifo klg k|d'vtfsf ;fy

cfPsf] b]lvG5 . To;}n] tTsfn ;'wf/sf

nflu k"FhLut vr{ a9fpg] / pkef]u a9fpg]

gLlt lng'k5{ . C0f lnP/ ;fwf/0f vr{ w]/}

ug'{ pko'Qm x'Fb}g .

^ dlxgfeGbf a9L ;dob]lv g]kfnsf]

a}+lsª k|0ffnLdf ^ va{ ¿k}ofFeGbf a9L

nufgLof]Uo /sd y'lk|Psf] 5 . tLg dlxgfdf

Aofhb/ tLg k|ltzt ljGb'n] 36L Psn

cª\sdf cfP klg ahf/df dfu gePsf

sf/0f yk Joj;fo / pBf]usf] lj:tf/ x'g

g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .

pBf]unfO{ cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo

P]gnufot cGo sfg'gn] lbPsf] ;'ljwf

cfly{s P]gn] sf6\g] Joj:yf cGTo

ul/g'k5{ . pRr d"No clej[l4 x'g]

pTkfbgd"ns If]q ;d]6L pTkfbgdf cfwfl/t

;x'lnot sfo{qmdx¿ bz jif{;Dd lg/Gt/

;~rfng ul/g' kb{5 . ef/tdf !$ j6f

pTkfbgd"ns If]q ;d]6L sfof{Gjogdf

cfPsf] o:t} vfn] sfo{qmddf Ps jif{d} kfFr

u'0ff yk nufgL ePsf] 5 .

cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug]{ pBf]unfO{

k|fyldstfdf /fvL ;x'lnot pknAw u/fpg'

kb{5 . :jb]zL j:t'sf] pkof]u;DaGwL

lgb]{lzsf k"0f{ ¿kdf kfngf ug'{k5{ .

cf}Bf]lus sl/8f]/ ljz]if

sfo{qmdcGtu{t ef/tLo ;Ldfb]lv

r'/]k]mbL;Ddsf ;8s lsgf/x¿ / cGo

;Defljt sl/8f]/df pBf]u nlIft ljz]if

sfo{qmd NofO{ v'nf ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf]

cjwf/0ff ;'¿ ug'{kb{5 .

Product

&

Services

Financial Services

Micro Saving

Micro Loan

Insurance

Remitance

Leasing

Non Financial Services

Training & Exposure

Technical Assistance

Financial Literacy

Market Research

Enterprise Devlopment

Awareness Raising

Corporate Office

Battar, Bidur-4, Nuwakot

Telephone: +977 10 561746/561747

Email:corporate@meromicrofinance.com

Web: www.meromicrofinance.com

Contact Office

Sitapaila, Kathmandu

Telephone: +977 01

5315936/5315937



cfj/0f cGtjf{tf{

Sanjay Agrawal

Executive Director

RAMESH CORP.

nufgLd}qL jftfj/0f agfpg

/fhgLlts :yfloTj ckl/xfo{ 5

a} +sdf t/ntf y'lk|P/ dfq} x' “b}g

10



em08} kfFr bzscl3 xf8{j]o/ Jofkf/sf ¿kdf :yfkgf ePsf] /d]z skf] {/]zg cfhsf] lbgdf Ps pmhf{zLn / k|efjzfnL

Jofj;flos ;d"xsf] ¿kdf :yflkt eO;s]sf] 5 . ;'¿jftL r/0fdf cfoft tyf Jofkf/df ;+nUg /x]sf] /d]z sk{n] kl5Nnf

jif{x¿df b"/;~rf/, ;"rgf k|ljlw, df]afOn tyf On]S6«f]lgS; tf/ tyf s]an, l;/flds / lel6«kmfO8 6foN;, pTkfbg, ljQLo

;]jf, hnljB't\, vfgL tyf nufgLh:tf ljljw If]qdf cfkm\gf] ;zQm pkl:ylt lj:tf/ u/]sf] 5 . o; skf] {/]zgnfO{ oxfF;Dd

k'¥ofpg] k|d'v /0fgLlts g]t[Tjstf{x¿dWo] Ps x'g\ ;~ho cu|jfn . d'Vou/L clxn] pgL /d]z skf] {/]zgsf sfo{sf/L lgb] {zssf]

e"ldsfdf 5g\ . ;fy}, shfl/of /d]z 6foN; lnld6]8sf] ;d]t lgb] {zs /x]sf cu|jfnn] g]kfnsf] 6foN; pBf]unfO{ cfTdlge{/tftkm{

8f]¥ofpg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf 5g\ . ef/tsf] k|ltli7t 6foN; a|fG8 shfl/of;Fusf] ;xsfo{n] g]kfnd} pRr u'0f:t/Lo

6foN; pTkfbg ;Dej ePsf] 5, h;sf] cu'jfO{ ;~ho cu|jfnn] g} u/]sf x'g\ . pgL Joj;fo dfq s]lGb|t geO{ gLlt lgdf{0fsf]

txdf a;]/ klg sfd u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfn O6fnL r]Da/ ckm sd;{sf] cWoIf /x]sf pgn] b'O{ b]zaLrsf] cfk;L ;DaGwnfO{ ;'dw'/

/fVg Joj;fo nufgLdf hf]8 lbgsf nflu k|d'v e"ldsf v]Nb} cfPsf 5g\ . Tolt dfq xf]Og pgn] df]afOn kmf]g cfoft ;+3sf]

pkfWoIfdf /x]/ b"/;~rf/ If]qdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfg ct'ngLo 5 . cu|jfn g]kfn r]Da/ ckm sd;{sf] ;b:o / cGt/f{li6«o

r]Da/ ckm sd;{sf] ;b:osf] ¿kdf /x]/;d]t gLlt lgdf{0f / sfg'gL th' {dfx¿df dxQ\jk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb} cfPsf 5g\ . ;du|

cfly{s If]qsf ljleGg ljifo / ;Gbe{af/] pg} cu|jfn;Fu skf]{/]6 ;dfrf/sf nflu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;Dkflbt c+zM

;/sf/ olta]nf cfufdL ah]6sf]

tof/Ldf h'6]sf 5 . lghL If]qn] cfufdL

ah]6af6 s:tf] ck]Iff /fv]sf] 5 <

;/sf/n] ah]6 Nofpg'k"j{ lghL If]qnfO{

af]nfP/ 5nkmn ug]{, ;Nnfx ;'emfj dfUg]

ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . xfdLn] klg pQm k|lqmofdf

ljutaf6} ;xefuL aGb} cfPsf 5f}F . t/,

xfdLn] lbPsf] ;'emfjnfO{ lgs} sd dfqfdf

;/sf/n] gLlt sfo{qmddf ;d]6]sf] x'G5 .

xfdLn] JolQm jf sDkgL ljz]if eGbf klg

tnb]lv dfly;Ddsf pBf]uL Joj;foLsf]

cj:yf a'em]/ dxTjk"0f{ ;'emfjx¿ lbPsf

x'G5f}F t/, sfof{Gjog ug]{ txdf k'u]kl5

To;n] kfpg'kg]{ hlt k|fyldstf kfPs}

x'Fb}g . cfufdL ah]6df xfdLn] of] k6s

lbPsf] ;Nnfx ;'emfjnfO{ uDeL/ ¿kdf

;d]6]/ ah]6 cfpnf eGg] ck]Iff /fv]sf 5f}F .

b]zsf] cy{tGq v'lDrPsf] 5, gLlt

sfo{qmd cfO;s]kl5 To;n] cy{tGqnfO{

rnfodfg ug{ g;Sg] ljZn]if0f aflx/

eO/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf]df cfufdL ah]6n] s]

s'/fnfO{ ;d]6\of] eg] cy{tGqn] ult lng

;Snf <

Jofkf/L ju{nfO{ rflxg] eg]sf] 9'Ss

eP/ sfd ug]{ dfxf]n xf] . a}+sx¿df nufgL

ug{sf nflu ;xh k};f kfpg ;lsG5 .

Jofkf/LnfO{ clxn] a}+sx¿n] k};f lbg tof/

5g\ . nufgL h'6fpg xfdLnfO{ cfly{s

;d:of 5}g . sfd ug{ ;Sg] ;sf/fTds

jftfj/0f /fHosf] tkm{af6 agfOlbg] xf] eg]

ljb]zL nufgLstf{ lelqg tof/ 5g\ . clxn]

xfdL;Fu k|f]h]S6x¿ cyf{t nufgL ug]{

7fpFx¿ klg 6Gg} 5g\ . To;df a}+sx¿n]

nufgL ug{ rfx]sf 5g\, gofF kmlG8ª

Jofkf/Lx¿n] klg NofpF5g\ . oxLF nfvf}Fsf]

;ª\Vofdf /f]huf/L ;[hgf ug{ ;lsG5 .

clxn]sf] d'Vo ;d:of g} /fhgLlts

cl:y/tf xf] . Pp6f bn jf u7aGwgsf]

;/sf/n] NofPsf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd / ah]6

csf]{ bn jf u7aGwgsf] ;/sf/n] ckgTj

lng dfGb}g . ;/sf/;Fu} kl/jt{g x'g] gLltn]

xfdL pBf]uL–Joj;foL df/df kl//x]sf 5f}F .

o:tf] kl/l:yltdf kof{Kt nufgL ug]{

jftfj/0f d}n]rflxF b]lv/x]sf] 5'Og .

d}n] pNn]v u/]sf] s'/fx¿df ;/sf/n]

;sf/fTds ;Gb]z lbg ;Sg] xf] eg] cem} klg

dfs]{6 8'laxfn]sf] 5}g . ca gofF nufgLnfO{

s;/L x'G5 cfsif{0f u/fP/ /f]huf/L l;h{gf

ug}{k5{ . s]xL jif{otf ;a} vQd eof] eGg]

lx;fan] hlt xNnf eO/x]sf] 5, dnfO{ nfU5

Tof] ¿kdf cy{tGq lalu|;s]sf] 5}g . w]/}

;'rsfª\sx¿ ;sf/fTds klg 5g\ . t/,

cy{tGq hlt tn emg]{ xf] Tof] eO;Sof] of]

eGbf w]/} xfdLn] y]Ug klg ;Sb}gf}F, ca of]

cj:yfaf6 cy{tGqnfO{ psf:g'k5{ cfufdL

ah]6n] Tof] ¿kdf ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z cfd

gful/s, lghL If]q / cGt/f{li6«o

nufgLstf{dfem k|jfx ug{ ;Sg'k5{ .

;/sf/n] nufgLd}qL jftfj/0f lgdf{0f

ug{s} nflu eg]/ pBf]u Joj;fo;Fu

;DalGwt w]/}j6f sfg"gdf ;'wf/ u/]sf] 5 .

a} +sx¿df nufgLof]Uo k' FhL clws 5 .

tkfO{ +x¿ jftfj/0f ePg dfq} eGb} x'g'x'G5 .

Tof] jftfj/0f eg]sf] sfd ug] { OR5fzlQm

xf], sxfF ldn]sf] 5}g tfnd]n <

tfnd]n gldn]sf] 7fpF oxL xf] eg]/

k|i6 eGg ;lsg] cj:yf g} 5}g . /]ld6\ofG;

lelqPs} 5, a}+sx¿df t/ntfsf] cj:yf

w]/} 5, Jofhb/ /]6 klg sd 5 . t/,

/fhgLlts dfxf]nsf sf/0f nufgLstf{n]

l/:s lnP/ sfd ul/xfnf}F g eGg] cfF6 ug{

g;s]sf] cj:yf xf] . Jofkf/ / /fhgLlt

Ps cfk;df hf]l8Psf] 5, /fhgLlts dfq

xf]Og cGo tTjx¿sf] klg e"ldsf 5 . oxfF

dfq xf]Og ljZjs} cj:yf x]g]{ xf] eg] klg

Jofkf/dfly k|ToIf–k/f]If k|efj /fhgLlts

cl:y/tf / cfkm\gf] cfGtl/s gLltn] /fd|f]

g/fd|f] b'a} vfn] k|efj kfb{5 . xfd|f] b]zsf]

dfq xf]Og cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfosf] gLltsf]

klg k|efj t k5{g} . cd]l/sfn] ;'¿ u/]sf]

6«]8 jf/nfO{ x]/f}F g, ljZjsf] bf];|f] 7"nf]

cy{tGq ePsf] rLg / t];|f] :yfgdf /x]sf]

hd{gLnfO{ s/n] s:tf] c;/ u/]sf] 5

cd]l/sL /fi6«klt 8f]gfN8 6«Dkn] c6f]

If]qnfO{ nlIft u/L NofPsf] s/ gLltsf]

c;/ kfFrf}+ 7"nf] cy{tGq ePsf] hfkfgdf

xfn c6f] If]q ;d:ofu|:t x'g yfn]sf

5g\ . xfd|f l5d]sL ef/t / kfls:tfgaLrdf

klg tgfj a9\b} uPsf] 5 . ef]nL jf/sf]

cj:yf cfof] eg] cfoftn] wfg]sf] g]kfn

h:tf] /fi6«sf nflu xjfO{ gLltb]lv jfl0fHo

gLltdf To;sf] k|ToIf–k/f]If c;/ xfdLnfO{

klg k5{ . xfn nufgL ug]{x¿sf nflu

;/sf/n] nufgL ;'/lIft u5{ eGg] vfnsf]

dfxf]n gag]sf] cj:yf xf] . xfdLsxfF

cl:y/tf w]/} eof] eGg] dfq xf] . ToxL

sf/0f Joj;foLn] kf]h]l6e dfO08;]6n]

sfd ug{ ;s]sf] b]lvPg .

g]kfn–O6nL r]Da/ xfn s] ub} { 5 <

o'/f]kdf xfd|f] Jofkf/sf] ;DaGw w]/} g}

/fd|f] 5 . O6fnL, hd{gL, k|mfG; h:tf o'/f]ksf

…kfj/ xfp;Ú dflgg] oL /fi6«df xfdLn] vf;}



Jofkf/ a9fpg ;ls/fv]sf 5}gf} . xfd|f]

Jofkf/ l5d]sL;Fu lge{/ 5 . cfO{6L,

d]l8sn, d]l;g/L, km];g h:tf s'/fdf O6fnL

xasf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . xfd|f] Jofkf/

cfoftdf lge{/ 5 o'/f]kdf lgof{t ug]{ s'/fdf

xfdLn] Wofg lbPsf 5f}F . g]kfndf w]/}

s'/fx¿ 5g\ h'g ljZj;fd' k'¥ofpg' kg]{ 5 .

xfdLn] Jofkfl/s :jfy{ eGbf dfly p7]/

O6fnL dfq xf]Og o'/f]kdf g]kfndf pTkflbt

;fdu|L s;/L k'¥ofpg] eGg] ;f]rsf ;fy

nlaª ug]{ sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf 5f}F . g]kfndf

pTkflbt ;fgf a|f08sf /fd|f ;fdu|LnfO{

s;/L o'/f]ke/L k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 eg]/ /f]d

RofDa/, ldnfg RofDa/ o'/f]lkog PDa];]8/

nufot w]/} 7fpFdf kxn ub}{ cfPsf 5f}F .

;u/dfyf / kl:dgfaf6 g]kfnnfO{ dfly

p7fP/ ko{6g xasf] ¿kdf lrgfpg ;a}

nfUg'k5{ . g]kfnL lrof, skmL, crf/,

vfBfGg nufotsf j:t'x¿n] O6fnLdf ahf/

kfPsf 5g\ . oxfFsf w]/} s'/f ToxfF lgof{t ug{

;lsG5, xfdLn] k|j4{g ug{lt/ Wofg lbg'k5{ .

gofF :6f6{ck sDkgLsf a|f08x¿nfO{

o'/f]ksf] ljleGg Knf6kmd{df k7fO/fv]sf

5f}F . ToxfF x'g] 7"nf PSkf]x¿df g]kfnL

sNr/, ko{6g, vfg]s'/f nufotsf ljifonfO{

k|df]6 ug{ O6nL RofDa/n] sfd ub}{ cfPsf]

5 . s]xL s'/fx¿df ;kmn ePsf 5f}F, cfufdL

lbgdf /fd|f] x'g]df ljZj:t 5f}F .

sf]le8kl5 g]kfnsf] df]afOn dfs]{6

lsg v'lDrFb} 5 <

cfly{s dGbLsf] k|efj k/]sf] 5, h;sf

sf/0f g]kfnLsf] qmo zlQm 36]sf] 5 .

df]afOnnufotsf Uofh]6sf] s'/f dfq xf]Og

xfn gful/ssf] cfo;|f]t sd x'Fbf To;sf]

r]g Okm]S6 ;a}lt/ dfs]{6df k/]sf] xf] .

kl5Nnf] ;do df]afOnsf] laqmL vf;} 36]sf]

xf]Og . sf]le8sf] ;dodf cgnfOg

Snf;x¿ eP, 3/af6} w]/}sf] sfd ug]{

jftfj/0f ag]sf] x'Fbf cfjZostfsf]

cfwf/df Tof] ;do ahf/df df]afOn, Nofk6

nufotsf dfu a9]sf] lyof] . xfn nUh/L

geP/ cfwf/e"t cfjZostfs} j/k/

dflg;n] df]afOnnfO{ /fv]sf 5g\, To;}n]

kl/df0fdf laqmL 36]sf] 5}g . lsGg]n] ah]6df

sDk|f]dfOh u/]sfn] /fh:j sd p7]sf] xf] .

clxn] ^) k|ltzt laqmL cUoflgs x'Fbf $)

k|ltzt df]afOnsf] u|] ;]N; eO/x]sf] 5 .

ahf/ v'lDrPsf] 5}g . ljb]zdf a:g]

g]kfnLn] b'O{j6f;Dd df]afOn Nofpg] ;'ljwf

kfpg'k5{, ;/sf/n] klg lbPsf] 5 . t/,

;/sf/n] lbPsf] ;'ljwfnfO{ Jofkfl/s

lx;fan] lng' ePg, xfd|f] egfO olQ dfq

xf] .

;/sf/n] Pd8LPdP; k|0ffnL nfu"

u/]sf] Ps jif{ k'Ug} nfu]sf] 5 . k|0ffnLsf]

sfof{Gjogkl5 xfn g]kfndf cglws[t ¿kdf

cfO/x]sf] elgPsf] …u| ]Údf]afOnsf] ;ª\Vofdf

sdL cfPsf] xf]nf lg <

Pd8LPdP; k|0ffnL ;/sf/n] NofPsf]

lgod xf] . ;'¿df nfu" x'Fbfv]l/ ahf/df

s8fO ePsf] lyof] . To;n] u|] kmf]g lelqg]

qmdnfO{ /f]s]sf] lyof] . g]kfndf cuf{lgs

;]N; a9L ePsf] lyof] . xfn Tof] k|f]h]S6

cf]em]ndf kbf{v]l/ clxn] u|] dfs]{6 km]l/

km:6fpg yfn]sf] 5 . h'g a|fG8sf] kmf]g a9L

laqmL x'G5 ToxL kmf]gsf] dfs]{6df k}7f/L klg

a9L x'g] xf] .

;du|df ;fcf]dL, ;fd;'ª rn]sf a|fG8sf

kmf]gx¿ cfpF5g\ g} . t/, cfOkmf]gsf] rf]/L

k}7f/L oxfF w]/} eO/x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] cfufdL

ah]6df bL3{sfnLg ¿kdf ;f]r]/

df]afOnnufot ;fdu|Ldf s/sf] b/ 36fpg] /

lansf] d"NonfO{ dfGotf lbg] xf] eg] rf]/L

k}7f/L lgs} sd x'G5 . rf]/L k}7f/L /f]Sg ;Sg]

xf] eg] u| ] Rofgn cfkm}+ /f]lsG5 . bL3{sfnLg

gLlt agfP/} ;/sf/n] sfd ug]{ xf] eg] rf]/L

k}7f/LnfO{ w]/} xb;Dd Go"lgs/0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

b]zsf] w]/} 7"nf] /fh:j r'xfj6 rf]/L k}7f/Ls}

sf/0f ePsf] 5 . b]zsf] v/af}F ¿k}ofF /fh:j

r'xfj6d} 8'a]sf] 5 . oL ;a} s'/fnfO{ ;/sf/n]

a'em]/ gLltut ¿kd} Dofg]h ug]{ xf] eg] b]zsf]

cfly{s cj:yfdf ;'wf/ cfpF5 .

xfd|f] g]kfnsf] l:ylt Psbd} lalu|Psf]

cj:yf 5|}g . cK7\of/f] l:yltaf6 dfly

cfO;s]sf 5f}F . ca ;/sf/n] gLlt

lgodx¿df s8fO ug]{ xf] / /fhgLlts

l:y/tf eOlbg] xf] eg] cfh klg xfdLnfO{

nfU5 ls g]kfn h:tf] ;DefJotf af]s]sf],

sfd ug{ ;lhnf] b]z c? gxf]nf . xfdLn]

oxL w]/} ug{ ;S5f}F . clxn] ljb]lzg] o'jfsf]

;ª\Vof w]/} eP eg]/ xfdL cflQ/x]sf 5f}F .

ltgnfO{ /f]Sg ;lsFb}g, sd u/fpg

;lsG5, To;sf nflu oxfF sfd ug]{

jftfj/0f agfpg] lhDd]jf/L ;/sf/sf] xf] .

aflx/} hfg] Dofgkfj/nfO{ klg xfdLn]

oxfFaf6 6«]l8ª u/fP/ k7fpg ;Sof}F eg]

pgLx¿sf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg ;lsG5,

aflx/ uP/ l;k cg';f/sf] sfd kfpF5g\ .

o'jfnfO{ /fHon] /]ld6\ofG; leq\ofpg]

dfWod dfq 7fGg' ePg .

12





14





s/sf b/df Jofks x]/km]/ u/]

;':t cy{tGq rnfodfg x'G5

lbg]z >]i7

cWoIf, g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 sf7df8f} + -Pg;LcfO{;Ls]_

b]zdf b'O{ltxfOsf] ;/sf/ ag]sf] !) dlxgf k"/f ePsf] 5 . ;'¿jftL lbgdf pT;flxt b]lvPsf lghL If]q kl5Nnf

lbgx¿df k'gM lg/fz 5g\ . b]zdf cfly{s dGbL sfod} /x]sf] 5 . a} +sdf k|z:t t/ntf 5, t/ nufgL a9\g ;s]sf] cj:yf

5}g . x]bf{ ;a} l7s7fs b]lvPsf] 5, t/ lg/fzf JofKt 5 . o:tf] kl/l:yltaLr casf] ah]6 / lghL If]qn] v]Ng'kg] { e"ldsfdf

s]lGb|t /x]/ xfdLn] k|efjzfnL JolQmTj tyf g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 sf7df8f} +sf cWoIf lbg]z >]i7;Fu nfdf] s'/fsfgL

u/]sf 5f} F . k|:t't 5 skf]{/]6 ;dfrf/sf nflu ef]h/fh e08f/Ln] u/]sf] pQm s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/M

tkfO{Fsf] kl5Nnf] sfo{sfn pBf]u

jfl0fHosf] If]qdf s;/L lalt/x]sf] 5 <

pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 sf7df8f}+df cfj4

/x]/ pBf]uL Joj;foLsf xs / lxtnufot

d]/f] sfo{sfndf ;sf/fTds k|efj kfg]{u/L

sfd ePsf 5g\ . afFsL /x]sf] sfo{sfnnfO{

klg cem} pBf]u Joj;foLs} If]qdf 86]/ sfd

u5'{ . of] ;+:yfnfO{ xfdLn] Soflk6n

r]Da/sf] ¿kdf :yflkt u/]sf 5f}F / ;ª\3Lo

;/sf/;Fu ;xh 5nkmn u5f}{F . xfdLn]

;/sf/nfO{ gLlt lgdf{0f to ug{sf nflu

;'emfj lbG5f}+ / Joj;foL lxtsf nflu

cfjfh p7fO/xG5f}+F .

clxn] ;fgf;fgf Joj;foLx¿nfO{

l8lh6n ¿kdf pgLx¿sf] kx'Fr k'¥ofpg

;xhtf k|bfg ug{ vf]h]sf 5f}F . xfdLn] ;a}

;fgf Joj;foLnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L pgLx¿sf]

Joj;fonfO{ l8lh6n kx'Fr;Dd k'¥ofpg

km/s 9ª\un] ;f]r]/ Pp6f …KNof6kmd{Ú

agfP/x]sf 5f}F . ut jif{sf] j}zfvb]lv

…l8lh6n PSkf]Ú eg]/ pQm sfo{sf] ;'¿jft

ul//x]sf 5f}F . xfdLn] Tof] …KNof6kmd{Ú nfO{

b]zs} pBf]uL Joj;foLsf] ;femf kx'Fr

:yflkt ug]{ ynf] agfpF5f}F . k|To]s lhNnfsf]

16 | CORPORATE YATRA MAGAZINE | Jeth–ASAR | 2082


d'Vo pTkfbgnfO{ To;df pknAw u/fP/

b]zb]lv ljb]z;Dd pSt j:t'sf] laqmL,

lgof{t :jod\ pTkfbgstf{ / vl/bstf{n]

;xh ¿kdf ug{ ;Sg] u/L ;]t'sf] ¿kdf sfd

ug{ ;Sg] KNof6kmd{ ljsf; u/]sf 5f}F, Ps

dlxgfkl5 km]l/ Tof] cfpF5 . of] k|of; w]/}

Joj;foLnfO{ l8lh6n kx'Fr k|bfg ug{ ;kmn

x'g]5 eGg] xfdLn] ljZjf; lnPsf 5f}F .

k|b]zn] t ah]6 g} 5'6\ofOlbPsf] 5 .

tkfO{Fx¿ -lghLIf]q_ ut c;f/df

b'O{ltxfOsf] ;/sf/ aGbf Psbd w]/}

pT;flxt x'gx'GYof], To;kl5 km]l/ ;':tfpg'

eof] . nufgL a9\g ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g, lsg

lg?T;flxt b]lvPsf] o:tf] <

cy{tGqnfO{ dfu / cfk"lt{sf] cj:yfn]

lgwf{/0f u5{ . sf]le8–!( cufl8 h:tf]

ahf/ rnfodfg ePsf] lyof], hlt j:t'sf]

dfu lyof], sf]le8kl5sf] cj:yfdf dfu

36]sf] 5 . cfGtl/s vkt sd ePsf] 5 .

b}lgs ljb]l;g] o'jfsf] ;ª\Vofn] klg b]zsf]

j:t' tyf ;]jf pkef]u ug]{ hgzlQmsf]

sdLnfO{ bzf{pF5 . b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t'sf]

dfudf sdL cfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] d"No dfq

x]5{ . cfoft a9]sf] 5 elg/xFbf 8n/sf]

efp a9]sfn] w]/} ef/ k/]h:tf] ePsf] xf] t/,

kl/df0fsf] ¿kdf x]g]{ xf] eg] Tof] cfoft w]/}

j[l4 ePsf] 5}g . jf:tjdf ahf/df dfu sd

5 t/, ;fdfgsf] :6s w]/} 5 .

csf]{ kIf eg]sf] k|ljlwsf] ljsf;n]

pkef]Qmfn] pkef]u ug]{ j:t' tyf ;]jfsf]

:j¿kdf kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . o;} t

pkef]Qmf;Fu vl/b ug]{ Ifdtf sd 5 . tLg

s/f]8sf] hg;ª\Vof ;fgf] xf]Og, /fHon]

gLltut ¿kdf of] hg;ª\VofnfO{ plrt

kl/rfng ug{ ;Sof] / cj;/x¿sf] l;h{gf

ug]{ xf] eg]] cfly{s rnfodfg x'g ;do

nfUb}g . t/, /fHo ;~rfnsf] lhDd]jf/L

af]s]sfx¿n] Totflt/ Wofg lbP/ sfd

gubf{ xfdLh:tf pBf]uL Joj;foL / o'jfdf

lg/fzf 5fPsf] xf] .

a} +s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf k|z:t nufgL

ug] { t/ntf 5 . Jofhb/ klg Psn cª\sdf

em/]sf] 5 . lghL If]qx¿ nufgL a9fpg

tof/ 5}gg\, ;d:of sxfF ePsf] xf] <

;d:of Pslt/sf] dfq xf]Og ;a}lt/sf]

xf] . a}+sx¿n] lxhf]sf] lbgdf kfPsf]

rf]6nfO{ e'Ng ;s]sf 5}gg\ . hlt g} nufgL

ug{ ;Sg] t/ntf 5 eg] klg lgs} ;+j]bgzLn

/ ;fjwfg eP/ dfq nufgL ul//x]sf 5g\ .

k};f dfUb}df lbOxfn]sf] cj:yf 5}g . lxhf]

a}+sx¿n] JolQmsf] d'v x]/]/ k};f lbGy] cfh

clxn] a}+sx¿n] k|f]Hf]S6 x]/]/ lwtf]sf]

cfwf/df nufgL u5{g\ . a}+sdf lwtf] /fv]sf]

;Dklt ef]ln nufgL u/]kl5 kmfObf x'G5,

8'Ab}g eGg] lglZrt eof] eg] dfq Joj;foLn]

nufgL u5{g\ .

csf]{tkm{ b]zdf Joj;foLn] pBd u/]/

cfh{g u/]sf] ;Dklt unt u/]/ sdfof], g]tf

/ kf6L{sf] kSs} ;fy kfPsf] 5 eGg] h:tf

gsf/fTds ljrf/ / efio ;dfhdf l;h{gf

ul/Psf] 5 . unt sfd u/]/ cfh{g ug]{nfO{

/fHosf gLlt sfg'gn] ;'wf/ ug]{ xf] Pp6f

Joj;foLn] u/]sf] d]xgtnfO{ l/; ug]{ xf]Og .

pgLx¿nfO{ xf};nf lbg] xf] . d'Vo s'/f o;df

kl/jt{g ug{ cfjZos 5 .

ca /fHon] lzIff / cfly{s If]qdf

cfd"n kl/jt{g x'g] vfnsf gLlt sfo{qmd

Nofpg'k5{ . casf] ah]6 o:tf] cfpg'k¥of]

ls ;a} gful/sdf v';L 5fcf];\, xfdL wgL

aG5f}F eGg] cfzf gful/sb]lv

Joj;foL;Ddn] ah]6dfkm{t ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf

xf];\ . ca Tof] cfzf gful/snfO{ lbg] ls

glbg] Tof] cy{dGqLsf] xftdf 5 . pxfFn]

h:tf] gLlt lng'x'G5 p:t} p:t} k|efj xfdLdf

kg]{ x'g\ . casf] ah]6df cfufdL !) jif{;Dd

hlt klg eG;f/af6 ;fdfg pBf]uLx¿n]

NofpF5g\ ;a}df eG;f/ sd ul/lbg'k5{ . Tof]

b/ kfFr k|ltztdf emfl/lbg'k5{ . ;/sf/n]

h'g :t/df ;f]r]/ gLlt agfpF5, sfof{Gjogsf]

txdf cfpFbf Tof] ;f]r l7s pN6f] x'G5 .

/fHon] eG;f/df s/ a9fP/ dfq

/fh:j a9L ;ª\sng x'g] xf]Og . ;/sf/

cfkm}++n] $% k|ltzt /fh:j r'xfj6 eof]

elg/x]s} 5 . cy{dGqLn] Tof] b/nfO{ @) jf

#) k|ltztdf emfg{ ;s]sf] v08df csf]{

jif{ r'xfj6 b/ emg\ sd u5f}{F eGg] u/L

cy{dGqL nfUg' k5{ . /fh:j 5nL ug]{nfO{

sf/afxL u/]F eGg] ljifo uj{ ug]{ ljifo xf] /

< r'xfj6 Ps} sf/0fn] x'G5 eGg] 5}g\,

To:tf] vfnsf] efio agfpg' x'Fb}g .

clxn] v'nf ahf/df xfdL k|j]z ug{

cfkm"nfO{ ;Ifd agfpglt/ nfUg] a]nf xf] .

ljZjsf k|fo ;a} b]z v'nf ahf/df 6«]8

u5{g\ . lxhf]sf] lbgdf g]kfnaf6 rfdn

lgof{t gx'Fbf ef/tsf] pQ/ k|b]z,

laxf/nufotsf k|b]zdf ef]sd/Lsf] cj:yf

l;h{gf x'GYof] . cfh pt}af6 xfdL ;a}eGbf

w]/} wfg÷rfdn lgof{t u5f}{F . ef/taf6

rfdn cfPg eg] g]kfnLn] eft vfg gkfpg]

h:tf] cj:yf s;n] agfof] < of] lrGtf /

lrGtgsf] ljifo xf] . o;af6 xfdLn] d'lQm

kfpg] xf] eg] cy{dGqLn] rfxfg'dfq k5{ ;a}

l7s x'G5 .

sd{rf/LtGqn] laufg{ vf]h]sf]

g]kfnsf] pBf]unfO{ cy{dGqLn] cfFvf

lrlDnP/ sfd ug{ ;S5'k5{ eGg] dnfO{

nfU5 . ljutsf Ps cy{dGqL dx]z

cfrfo{n] pBf]un] cfoft ug]{ ;a} j:t'df

laqmLs/ %) k|ltzt 5'6 ul/lbPsf lyP .

To:t}, gofF ah]6df cfqmds …KnfgÚ lnP/

cy{dGqL cfpg'k5{ . sd{rf/Lsf] s'/fdf

dGqL axg' x'Fb}g, c? aflx/sf] kIfsf]

;dy{g dGqLn] ug]{ xf]Og, dGqLsf] ;f]rdf

sd{rf/LnfO{ sfd nufpg ;Sg'k¥of] . ca

pBf]usf nflu cfjZos sRrf kbfy{,

;xfos sRrf kbfy{ jf tof/L ;fdfg

agfpg] d]lzgnufotsf s'/f pBf]uL

Joj;foLn] dufpF5g\ eg] ## k|ltzt

eG;f/ nufpg] xf]Og >Ln+sfn] h:tf] kfFr

k|ltzt ug'{k5{ . >Ln+sfn] pTkfbgd'vL /

cf}Bf]lus ;fdu|Ldf kfFr k|ltzt s/

nufP/ /fHoleq pTkfbgd'vL jftfj/0f

lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . d]lzg cfoft ug]{ xf] eg]

eG;f/ g} nfUb}g . To:tf] vfnsf] sfo{qmd

casf] ah]6df cfpg'k¥of] . clxn] /fHo

cfkm}+ em'6f] af]Nb} a;]sf] 5 . cy{

dGqfnon] Eof6 -d"No clej[l4_ s/

nufpFbfv]l/ lghL If]qn] To;sf] 7"n} la/f]w

u/]sf xf}F . ;/sf/n] c? ;a} s/ x6fpF5f}F

d"No clej[l4 s/ g} k|d'v ;|f]t xf] eg]/

xfdL;Fu eg]sf] lyof] . Tof] d'Vo …;f];{Ú

sfof{Gjogdf NofpgnfO{ ;/sf/sf]

sd{rf/LtGq g} c;kmn eof] .

d'VotM ;/sf/n] e'QmfgL ug{ g;Sg',

ahf/df dfu sd x'g' / a}+sx¿df a9]sf]

t/ntf Joj:yfkg x'g g;s]sf] kIfdf

u[xsfo{ u/]/} Pp6f lglZrt of]hgf agfP/

cfufdL !) jif{;Dd Tof] of]hgf / gLlt

sfo{qmd h'g;'s} ;/sf/ jf cy{dGqL cfP

klg kl/jt{g x'Fb}g, 9'Ssn] sfd ug'{;\

hgtfnfO{ pTkfbgd'vL If]qdf nufpF,

pgLx¿nfO{ ;xof]u u/f}F, hgtfn] sdfpg'k5{

eg]/ ;/sf/n] eGg ;Sg'k5{ . lghL If]q /

;/sf/ b'a}n] ldn]/ sfd ug'{k5{ pBf]uLnfO{

e/f];f lbg'k5{ .

casf] ah]6n] s/sf] k|;ª\u h:t} s'g–

s'g If]qdf ;xhLs/0f ug'{k5{, h;n] lghL

If]q;Fu} b]zsf] cy{tGqdf ;'wf/ Nofpg

;sf];\ <

Ps÷b'O{ a'Fbfsf] s'/f xf]Og, ah]6

cfpFbf /fHosf] k|To]s cª\u, ;f/f g]kfnL

hgtf xfdL wgL x'g rfxfG5f}}F eGg] s'/fdf

ljZj:t ug'{k¥of] . rGb|flu/Lsf] kxf8df

Joj;foLn] nufgL u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n]

cg'dlt lbP/} nufgL u/]sf] xf] lg . ToxfF dfq

xf]Og cGo 7fpFsf kxf8df klg ljsf; ug{

lbg'k¥of] . ca xfO8«f]sf] If]q klg csf]{ #)

jif{df /fHonfO{ klg lbG5' cfkm" klg lnG5'

eg]/ nufgL ul//fv]sf 5g\ lg . lghL If]qn]



lxhf] d]l8sn sn]hsf] k"jf{wf/df nufgL

u¥of] cfh sn]hx¿n] w]/} sdfP, csf]{

k6s 6«:6df vf]Ng'k5{ eg]/ sfg'g agfpg

vf]lh/fv]sf] 5g\ . cfh xfO8«f]kfj/df

nufgL ug]{ ;a}nfO{ ef]ln kfgL b]zsf] xf]

6«:6df hfg'k5{ eGg] xf] eg] s] ug]{ < of]

vfn] clglZrttfsf] aLrdf sfd ug{

;lsFb}g . Pp6f o:tf] c6f]qm]; cfpg'k¥of]

h;sf] lehg :ki6 xf];\, l;4fGt ;w}+

lSno/ xf];\ .

pQ/ blIf0fsf] v'nf Jofkf/ gfsfnfO{

/fHon] l;n ug{ ;Sg'k¥of] eG;f/n] u/]sf]

sfdd} /fHo ljZj:t 5}g . cfkm\g}

sd{rf/Lk|lt ljZjf; 5}g . eG;f/d} /fh:j

cg';Gwfg ;fdfg Nofpg] Joj;foLdfly

eG;f/ clwsf/L q'6L b]vfpg] /fh:j

cg';Gwfg clg sf]xL cfkm\g} sd{rf/Ln]

uNtL u¥of] eg] p;nfO{ h]ndf /fVg ;Sg]

ls g;Sg] < sd{rf/Ln] hlt sfd u5{g\

;a}n] c;n lgotn] u5{g\, Joj;foLn] rflxF

vfnL rf]/L lgot /fV5 eGg] sfg'g ef]ln

aGg' ePg . xfdLn] klg gful/snfO{ ;:tf]

d"Nodf ;fdfg lbG5f}F eg]/ g} sfd u/]sf xf}F,

7Ug} dfq cfPsf x'g\ eGg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f

ug'{ ePg .

xfdLn] ;+;f/el/af6 ;fdfg Nofpg] xf] .

Joj;foLn] eG;f/ 5nL u5{g\ eGg]n] r]s ug]{

kmf];{nfO{ alnof] agfP/ sfd ug'{k¥of] .

hxfFaf6 eG;f/ 5nL x'G5 ;/sf/n] ToxLFaf6

lgoGq0f ug'{k5{ . cy{dGqfnon] u}/ sfg'gL

Jofkf/ aGb ug]{ xf] . To;sf nflu

sd{rf/LtGqsf] ;xof]u lnP/ s8fOsf ;fy

sfd ug{ ;Sg'k¥of] . dGqfnon] /fh:j 5nL,

rf]/L ug]{nfO{ 2l08t u/]F eg]/ v';L x'g] ls

To:tf] 5nL lg?T;flxt ug{ ;kmn eof}F eg]/

tYofª\s lbg] < /fh:j r'xfj6 /f]s]/ sfd

ug]{ ;xh jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug]{ xf] eg] b]z

ljsf; x'G5 .

jfl0fHo ljefusf] dxflgb]{zs b'O{

s/f]8 /fh:j hl/jfgfaf6 ;ª\sng u/]F eGbf

pxfFn] uj{ ug]{ ls xfdLn] pxfFsf] cIfdtf

dfGg] < hl/jfgf ug'{ eg]sf] t ahf/df

eG;f/n] /fh:j 5nLsf ;fdfg dgk/L

5f]8]sf] 5, pkef]Qmfn] u'0f:t/Lo ;fdfg

kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ / ahf/df Joj;fo ug{

;Sg] cj:yf 5}g eGg] s'/f bzf{pg] xf]Og / <

sd{rf/Ln] t hl/jfgf p7fpg} ;lsPg jf

;fx|} Go"g dfqfdf /fh:j p7\of] hl/jfgfaf6,

b]zel/sf] ahf/sf] cj:yf /fd|f] 5 eGg

;Sg] :yfgdf k'¥ofpg pxfFnfO{ lhDd]jf/L

lbOPsf] xf]Og < o:t}, pBf]udGqLn] b]zdf

olt pBf]u wGbf ;~rfng u/fP, pTkfbg

j[l4 eof] eGg] ls b]zdf ePsf pBf]u klg

aGb ePsf] jf j:t' cfoft a9]sf]df uj{ ug]{

t <

s[lif pTkfbg j[l4 ug{ g;Sg] s[lif

dGqLnfO{ xfdLn] ;Ddfg ug]{ ls ;Ifd

JolQmnfO{ Tof] :yfg ;'Dkg] < cy{tGqsf]

;'wf/df g]t[Tjn] g} 7"nf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u5{ .

o:tf ljifonfO{ olb gofF ah]6n] ;d]6\of] eg]

dfq cy{tGq / ahf/df ;'wf/ cfpg ;S5 .

lghL If]qn] ePsf sfg'g k|efjsf/L /

nufgLd}qL ePg eg]/} ;/sf/n] kfFr j6f

cWofb]z Nofof] . rf/ j6f k|df0fLs/0f g}

eO;s]sf 5g\ . To;nfO{ lnP/ lghL If]q

pT;flxt 5f}F elg/xFbf tkfO{+n] s;/L

ljZn]if0f ug' {ePsf] 5 <

cWofb]z NofP/ ;/sf/n] ;'wf/sf]

sfdnfO{ ;'¿jft u¥of] eGg] s'/fdf xfdL

pT;flxt ePsf xf}F . ljb]zL nufgLsf

ljifonfO{ lnP/ xfdLsxfF lgoGq0fd'vL

sfg'g lyof] . cWofb]zdfkm{t s]xL ;xh

agfpFb} n}hfg] k|of; ePsf] 5 . ljb]zL

nufgLstf{sf nflu PlSh6 kf]ln;L g}

gePkl5 nufgL ug{ xfdLsxfF sf] cfpF5 <

ljutdf sfg'gdf y'k|} ;d:ofx¿ lyof] .

lgoGq0fd'vL sfg'gnfO{ ;xh agfpFb} hfg]

xf] . ;/sf/n] eG;f/ P]gdf hl/jfgfnfO{

%)) k|ltzt;Dd k'¥ofpg] t/, sfof{Gjogdf

lkmtnf] ug]{ k|j[lQ TofUg'k5{ .

sd{rf/Ln] u/]sf] ;a} sfd l7s

Joj;foLn] u/]sf] hlt ;a} unt lgotn]

u/]sf] eGg] efionfO{ s;n] slxn] x6fpg] xf]

< rf]/Lsf] lgot /fVg] Joj;foLn] eG;f/sf

sd{rf/LnfO{ cfkm\gf]df NofpFb}gg\, afF8f}+

eGb}gg\ < TolQs}df /fh:j r'xfj6 /f]lsG5

< emg\ unt ug]{sf] ;ª\Vofdf j[l4 x'Fb}g <

unt sfd ug]{ ;w}+ unt g} x'g\ sfg'g

;a}nfO{ a/fa/ nfUg'k5{ .

/fHon] !# k|ltzt nufpFb} cfPsf]

Eof6sf] b/nfO{ !) k|ltztdf emfg'{k5{ . ls

t ;/sf/n] hgtfnfO{ wgL agfpg'k¥of] gq

eg] hgtfn] s/ ltg{ ;Sg] u/L nufpg'k¥of] .

/;/sf/n] casf] ah]6df s/nfO{ ljz]if

Wofg lbg'k5{ . cGtMz'Ns nufpg} x'Fb}g .

eO/x]sf] d"No clej[l4 s/nfO{ !)

k|ltztdf emf/]/ k"0f{ sfof{Gjog ug'{k5{ .

d'Vo s'/f ;/sf/sf] Pp6f cª\un] u/]sf]

lg0fo{nfO{ csf]{ cª\un] dfGg'k5{ .

bO{ ltxfOsf] ;/sf/ ag]kl5 psfnf]

nfu]sf] z]o/ ahf/n] kl5Nnf] ;do cf]/fnf]

ofqfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] 5 . ahf/,

cy{tGqsf] lzlyntf / clws t/ntf h:tf

ljifon] k|efj kf/]sf] cfFsng aflx/

eO/x]sf 5g\ . tkfO{+x¿n] o;nfO{ s;/L

x]g' {ePsf] 5 <

z]o/ ahf/ eGg] s'/f ;+;f/e/ g} cgf}7f]

nodf rNg] ahf/ /x]5 . o;df Pp6} ;fgf]

l/kf]6{n] klg sDkgLnfO{ p7fpg / 8'afpg

kof{Kt x'G5 . Pp6f l8kl;s Pkn] cd]l/sL

7"nf sDkgLsf] dfs]{6 s;/L If0fe/d} Wj:t

agfOlbof] eGg] kl5Nnf] pbfx/0f a'em\gnfO{

sfkmL 5 .

s'g} klg sDkgLn] ug]{ sfd / p;n]

z]o/wgLnfO{ lbnfpg] e/f];f g} ahf/sf]

nflu ;a}EfGbf 7"nf] / dxQ\jk"0f{ s'/f /x]5 .

sltko cj:yf g]kfnL ahf/df gfkmf g}

gePsf] sDkgLsf] z]o/ lk|ldoddf a]Rg lbP/

lgodgsf/L lgsfon] sdhf]/L u/]sf] xf] . of]

z]o/ ahf/, 3/hUuf vl/b laqmLdf h'g

ljs[lt ePsf] 5, Tof] ;a}sf] e/kfO{ cGttM

cy{tGqn] g} ;'wf/ ug'{k5{ . Tof] eg]sf] xfdL

hgtfn] sfxLF g st}af6 To;sf] c;/

ef]Ug'k5{ .

s'g} Ps JolQmn] Ps ¿k}ofF dfq} 3';

vfPsf] 5 eg] klg To;n] ahf/sf] d"NonfO{

Ps ¿k}ofFn] g} a9fpF5 cy{tGq eg]sf] of]

xf] . o;sf] dd{nfO{ ;a}n] a'em]/ z]o/

dfs]{6sf] cf]/fnf] ofqfnfO{ ;]jf]g nufotsf

;/f]sf/jfnfn] ;'IDf cWoog u/L bL3{sfnLg

;dfwfgsf] af6f]df cufl8 a9fpg'k5{ . z]o/

ahf/nfO{ /fhgLlts k|efj kg{ lbg] xf]Og

cGt/f{li6«o lj1x¿ NofP/ cWoog / ax;

u/L ahf/nfO{ alnof] agfpglt/ nfUg'k5{ .





c6f] If]qdf nufgL ug] {x¿nfO{

;/sf/n] lg?T;flxt u/L 8/ k}bf u/fof]

x]dGt cu|jfn

k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t -;LO{cf]_, ;LhL df]6;{sf

g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] cw{jflif{s ;dLIffdfkm{t ljB'tLo ;jf/L ;fwgsf] shf{df

s8fO{ ubf{ Joj;foLx¿ xtf]T;flxt ePsf 5g\ . O{eL uf8Ldf c+s'z nufpg] gLlt NofOPsf] eGb}, Joj;foL /

pkef]Qmfx¿ c;Gt'i6 alg/xFbf ;LhL df]6;{sf ;LO{cf] x]dGt cu|jfn;Fu df}lb|s gLltdf ePsf] s8fO, To;n] c6f]

ahf/df kfg]{ k|efj Pjd\ cfufdL jif{sf] ah]6 lgdf{0fsf] ;Gbe{df /x]/ xfdLn] s'/fsfgL u/]sf 5f}F . skf]{/]6

;dfrf/sf nflu ;dLIff ahufFO{n] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;Dkflbt c+z M

df}lb|s gLltsf] cw{jflif{s ;dLIffn]

ljB'tLo ;jf/L vl/bdf a} +sx¿n] *)

k|ltzt C0f nufgL ug{ kfpg] Joj:yfnfO{

;fF3'/f] kfb} { ^) k|ltzt dfq shf{ k|jfx ug{

;Sg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . o;n] O{eL c6f]

If]qdf s:tf] k|efj kfnf{ <

/fi6« a}+sn] cw{jflif{s ;dLIffdfkm{t

ljB'tLo ;jf/L;fwg vl/bstf{n] yk @)

k|ltzt /sd h'6fpg' kg]{u/L h'g ^) k|ltzt

dfq shf{ k|jfx ug]{ gLlt lnPsf] 5, o;n]

tLgj6f s'/fdf k|efj kfg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .

clxn] dGbLsf] ;do 5, ahf/df nufgL

/ sf/f]af/ b'a} v'lDrPsf] cj:yf 5 . To;df

klg ljb]lzg nfu]sf o'jfn] O{eL ;jf/L 8fpg

k]d]G6df lnP/ sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleq /

aflx/sf zx/df ;~rfng u/L cfocfh{g

ub}{ cfPsf lyP . crfgs cfPsf] /fi6«

a}+ssf] gLltn] To;nfO{ aGb ug]{jfnf 5 .

o'jfn] ljb]z hfg vr{ ug]{ eg]/ h'g kfFr,

;ft nfv ¿k}ofF 5'6\ofPsf x'Gy] Tof] /sd

8fpg k]d]G6 u/L Pp6f O{eL Eofg lsg]/ st}



g st}sf] ?6df xfn]/ b}lgs kfFr–;ft xhf/

¿k}ofF cfocfh{g ul//x]sf lyP . To;}af6

a}+snfO{ klg ltg]{ / arfP/ hLljsf

rnfO/fv]sf lyP . of] gLltn] b]zdf o'jfn]

:j/f]huf/ aGg kfPsf] cj;/nfO{ Tof] Ps

rf]6Lsf] nflu aGb x'g] b]lvG5 .

ljz]ifu/L u|fdL0f o'jfx¿;Fu !%–@)

nfv 8fpg k]d]G6 u/]/ ;jf/L lsGg] Ifdtf

5}g . a}+ssf] gLltn] o'jfsf] :j/f]huf/

aGg] 6«]G8nfO{ a|]s u/]sf] 5 . csf]{,

a}+sx¿n] ljB'tLo ;jf/L;fwg vl/bsf

nflu *) k|ltzt;Dd C0f nufgL ug{

kfpg] Joj:yf x6fP/ ;/sf/n] ^)

k|ltztdf v'DRofOFlbbf l8h]n, k]6«f]naf6

rNg] uf8Lx¿sf nflu eg] ;Ldf

tf]lsPg . o;n] gsf/fTds ?df s];/L

k|efj kfb}{ 5 eg] l8h]n uf8Lx¿sf k|lt

cglnld6]8 ¿kdf ;/sf/ pbf/ ag]sf]

h:tf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] gLltdfkm{t

oftfoft Joj;foL / Kkf;]Gh/nfO{ ;d]t

l8h]n uf8Lx¿sf] k|j4{g u/ elGbof] .

;fj{hlgs oftfofts} s'/f ug]{ xf] eg]

klg l8h]naf6 rNg] uf8Lx¿n] kfFrb]lv ^

xhf/ ¿k}ofFsf] l8h]n vkt u5{g\ . O{eL

uf8Ln] Tof] k};f art ug'{sf ;fy} jftfj/0f

/ Kof;]Gh/sf] ;'/Iffdf ;d]t k|efjsf/L

e"ldsf v]n]sf] 5 . g]kfnL ;8sdf kfFr

xhf/sf] ;ª\Vofdf u'8\g] Eofgn] b}lgs

emG8} tLg s/f]8sf] t l8hn dfq} arfPsf

5g\ . jftfj/0f k|b"if0fsf] dfqf t'nfgfTds

¿kdf 36fPsf] 5 . Tof] kIf gLlt

lgdf{tfx¿n] lsg b]Vg ;ls/fv]sf 5}gg\ jf

cGb]vf ub}{ 5g\ < ;/sf/n] vfnL l8h]n

k]6«f]n cfoft ubf{ ;ª\sng x'g] /fh:jnfO{

dfq x]/]sf] 5 .

kl5Nnf] rf/ jif{df xl/tu[x Uof;

pT;h{g 36fpg] gLlt lnPsf] ;/sf/n]

df}lb|s gLltsf] ;dLIffdf ljB'tLo ;jf/Lk|lt

ug{ vf]h]sf] s8fOn] s] ;ª\s]t u5{ <

;/sf/ gLlt tyf sfo{qmds} pN6f]

lbzfdf lxF8\g vf]h]sf] b]lvof] . ;/sf/n]

gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf xl/t pmhf{nfO{

k|f]T;fxg ug]{ xl/tu[x Uof; pT;h{gnfO{

;Sbf] 36fpg] pNn]v u/]sf] lyof] .

cy{dGqLn] ah]6df klg ljB'tLo ;jf/LnfO{

k|f]T;fxg ug]{ eGg'ePsf] xf] . t/, ;s'{n/

cfpFbf JolQmut tyf ;fj{hlgs k|of]hgsf

ljB'tLo ;jf/L;fwg vl/b ug{ a}+sx¿af6

^) k|ltzt dfq shf{ k|jfx x'g x'g] afFsL

$) k|ltzt /sd u|fxs :jod\n] 8fpgk]d]G6

ug{'kg]{ eg]/ cfPsf] 5 . Gfj]{kl5 g]kfn

O{eLdf nlrnf] gLlt / bf];|f] 7"nf] k|of]ustf{

eg]/ h'g ;sf/fTds Od]h ag]sf] lyof]

To;df k|efj kg]{ b]lvG5 . xfdLn] g]kfnleq}

pTkflbt pmhf{sf] O{eL If]qn] gofF ahf/

vf]h]sf] lyof] clxn]sf] ;s'{n/n] Tof] klg

lj:tf/} x/fpFb} hfg] eof] eGg] nfU5 .

b]zdf cfly{s ultljlw ;':t 5g\ .

a} +sx¿df y'lk|Psf] lgIf]k ahf/;Dd k'u]sf]

5}g . kl5Nnf] ;do c6f] ahf/ lj:tf/}

rnfodfg eO/x]sf] h:tf] b]lvFbf /fi6« a} +sn]

ljB'tLo ;jf/L nlIft sl;nf] ;s'{n];g

hf/L u¥of] . ;s' {n];g kl5sf] c6f]

ahf/nfO{ s;/L lgofNg'ePsf] 5 <

c6f] ahf/df t/ntf lyof] . a}+sx¿n]

/fd|} nufgL ul//x]sf] a]nf /fi6« a}+sn]

ljB'tLo ;jf/L ;fwgsf] C0f d"No

cg'kftsf] ;LdfnfO{ ^) k|ltztdf emfg'{

h?/L lyPg . clxn]sf] cfly{s cj:yfnfO{

lgofNbf cGo If]qdf Jofkf/ ;':t 5, u|f]y

b]lvFb}gg\ . O{eL c6f] ahf/df /fd|f] u|f]y

eO/x]sf] lyof] . cfoftstf{n] Psk|sf/n]

/f]huf/L l;h{gf ub}{ lyP, rflh{ª :6]zg,

;le{; lbg] b]lv b]ze/Ldf l/6]n/x¿n] klg

/f]huf/Lsf cj;/ l;h{gf ul//fv]sf lyP .

O{eL ;jf/Ldf o'jfn] pT;fx a9]sf] dfq xf]Og

:j/f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ kfPsf lyP . xfnsf]

;s'{n/n] Tof] ;a} s'/fnfO{ xtf]T;flxt u/]sf]

5 . g]kfndf O{eL ;jf/Lsf] h'g Odlh{ª

lahg]z :yflkt ePsf] lyof], Joj;foLb]lv

;a}nfO{ gLltn] …l8:s/]hÚ u/]sf] 5 .

tkfO{+n] O{eL ;jf/L cfoft /

Jofkf/nfO{ ;/sf/n] …l8:s/]hÚ u¥of]

eGg'eof] . O{eL ;jf/L ;fwg cfoftdf

pNn]Vo j[l4 ePsf] tYofª\sn] b]vfpF5 .

Odlh{ª O{eL c6f] ;]S6/nfO{ gLlt sfo{qmds}

lj?4df uP/ lsg s8fO{ ub} { 5 ;/sf/ <

;/sf/n] O{eL ;jf/L c6f] If]qdf s8fO

ug{ vf]Hg'df d'Vo tLg sf/0f x'g ;S5g\ .

klxnf], sf]le8kl5 k]6«f]n uf8Lsf] ofoft

36]5 . To;sf] …UofkÚ O{eL ;jf/Ln]

clncln k"/f u/]sf] 5 . clxn] ;/sf/sf]

k]6«f]n uf8Lsf] ofoft 36]kl5 sd /fh:j

;ª\sngnfO{ sf/0f b]vfO/fv]sf] 5 . Tof]

/fh:j lu/fj6nfO{ sd ug]{ cGo

cj;/x¿df eg] ;/sf/n] Wofg g} lbPsf]

b]lvFb}g .

h:tf]M O{eL ;jf/L rflh{ª /]6 g]kfndf

ljZjd} ;:tf] b/ ^ ¿k}ofF k/ o'lg6 /flvPsf]

5 . ef/tdf @) ¿k}ofF cfO{;L k/ o'lg6

rflh{ª z"Ns tf]lsPsf] 5 eg] rfOgfdf @)

;]G6 o'P; 5 . O{eL ;jf/L rflh{ª /]6 olt

;:tf] /fVg' eGbf a9fP/ !%–@) ¿k}ofF k/

o'lg6 /fVg] xf] eg] klg k]6«f]n / l8h]nsf]

cg'kftdf ;:tf] x'G5 . ;/sf/n] ToxfFaf6

klg /fh:j p7fpg ;S5 . bf];|f], clxn]

cy{dGqfnon] sd{rf/L s6f}tL ug'{k¥of]

elg/xFbf ;/sf/n] vr{ klg s6f}tL ug'{k5{ /

hgtfnfO{ dfq s/sf] ef/ yKg kfpFb}g .

t];|f]df, O{eL ;jf/L rflh{ª :6]zgx¿n]

sfa{g Jofkf/sf] 7"nf] /]leGo' kf]6]lG;on

l;h{gf u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] sfa{g

Jofkf/sf] kIfdf x]/]s} 5}g . To;n] klg

/fh:jnfO{ 6]jf lbg;SYof] xf]nf . gLlt

lgdf{tfn] /fd|/L cWoog u/]/, gLltsf]

bL3{sfnLg c;/ / k|efj d"Nofª\sg u/]/

eGbf klg s;}sf] …nlaªÚdf kf] ckem{6

;s'{n]zg hf/L u/]sf] xf] ls eGg] cfzª\sf

5 . lsgeg] ;/sf/sf] o:tf] gLltn] c6f]

If]qdf nufgL ug]{x¿nfO{ lg?T;flxt dfq}

u/]sf] xf]Og ls 8/ g} k}bf u/fPsf] 5 .

clxn] xfdL / xfdLh:tf cGo

cfoftstf{x¿sf] slt uf8L kfOknfOgdf

5g\ . slt l8n/sf]df 5, tL uf8Lx¿sf]

laqmLdf Ps ;do;Dd t ca a|]s nfUof]

lg . ls t ;/sf/n] klxn] g} xfdL tLg jf ^

dlxgfdf o:tf] gLlt NofpFb} 5f}F x} eg]/ klxn]

g} hfgsf/L lbg'kYof]{ . of] t Joj;foLsf]

nufgL gi6 ug]{ vfnsf] gLlt cfof] .

;LhL df]6{;n] xfn ljleGg a|fG8sf 7"nf

;fgf O{eL uf8L laqmL ub} { cfPsf] 5 .

ahf/sf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 <

clxn];Dd ahf/sf] cj:yf

pT;fxhgs g} 5 . ca x/]s jif{ s/ j[l4

eO/x]sf] 5, of] jif{ klg s/ j[l4 x'G5 xf]nf .

cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df O{eLsf] Aof6«Lsf] d"No

3l6/fv]sf] 5 . otfsf] s/ j[l4nfO{ ptfsf]

36\bf] Aof6«Lsf] d"Non] Jofn]G; ug{

vflh/fv]sf] lyof] . t/, u|fxsnfO{ ;jf/L

lsGg g} shf{sf] ;Ldf nufOFbf t ;/sf/n]

O{eLnfO{ g]kfndf lg?T;flxt ug{ vf]h]sf]

b]lvof] .

O{eLs} c6f] ahf/df klg kl5Nnf] ;do

k|lt:kwf{ b]lvPsf] 5 . ofoftstf{aLrdf

;jf/Lsf] d"Nodf /f]rs k|lt:kwf{ eO/xFbf

o:fn] O{eL ahf/df s:tf] k|efj kfnf{ <

O{eL c6f] If]qdf k|lt:kwf{ a9]/

pkef]QmfnfO{ g} kmfObf eO/x]sf] 5 .

cfoftstf{aLrdf k|fO; jf/ eO/x]sf] 5

To;sf] kmfObf sGh'd/n] g} lng] xf] .

sGh'd/n] !% j6f eGbf a9L O{eLsf] a|fG8

5fGg kfpg', lkmr/, /]Ghnufotsf s'/f

cfkm\gf] cfjZostfsf cfwf/df ;xh}

kfO/xg'ePsf] 5 . u|fxsju{n] a|fG8 5fGbf

l/nfojn 5 ls 5}g, s:6d/ lso/ ;]jf

lbG5 ls lbFb}g sDkgLn], rflh{ª :6];gsf

s'/fnufotdf Wofg lbg'k5{ . xfdLaLrsf]



k|lt:kwf{ sGh'ds} nflu xf], o;nfO{

;sf/fTds ¿kdf lng'k5{ ;a}n] .

;LhL df]6;{n] dfOqmf]a; ldlga; klg

laqmL ljt/0f ub} { cfPsf] 5, o;sf] ahf/

dfu s:tf] 5 < eljiodf 7"nf uf8L

leq\ofpg] s'g} of]hgf 5g\ <

dfOqmf]a; ldlga;;Fu} xfdLn] rfF8} g}

g]kfndf ;fj{hlgs oftfofttkm{ km:6{ @^

l;6/ O{eL a; n~r ub}{5f}F . xfd|f] d'Vo p2]Zo

g} df; 6«fGkf]6{df lyof] . g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns

cj:yf hl6n 5 . ;8s, xfOj]x¿sf]

cj:yf ;fF3'/f] / w]/} 3'dfp/f 5g\ . ;ft–cf7

ld6/ nfdf] a;x¿ xfd|f] ;8ssf] cj:yfnfO{

x]bf{ Tolt w]/} l/nfojn b]lvFb}g . 5f]6f] uf8Ln]

g} klAnsdf df; 6«flGh6sf] p2]ZonfO{ k"lt{

ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . To;}nfO{ xfdLn] kmf]s; u/]/

cufl8 al9/fv]sf 5f}F . oxL s'/fnfO{

dWogh/ ub}{ ;LhLn] b]ze/ ;a}eGbf w]/} @%)

:yfgdf rflh{ª :6];g lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 .

o:t}, b]ze/ @@ :yfgdf ;le{; ;]G6/

vf]Nof} . of] ;a} ;fj{hlgs oftfoftsf]

If]qnfO{ O{eLdf n}hfg] lehg lnP/ xfdL

cufl8 a9]sf xf}F . ;/sf/n] To;df gLltut

¿kdf ;x'lnot / ;'ljwf lbP g]kfnsf]

;fj{hlgs oftfoftsf] If]q eljiodf k"0f{

ljB'tLodf kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf 5 .

dfOqmf] a;sf] xsdf ljB'tLs/0fsf]

;Dej xf]nf t/, nfdf b"/Lsf / 7"nf

a;x¿ On]lS6«sdf kl/jlt{g ug{ s;/L

;Dej x'G5 <

Aof6«Lsf] d"No lnlgo/ ¿kdf a9\5 .

kfFRf ld6/sf] Eofgdf %) lsnf]jf6\ cfj/sf]

Aof6«L rflxG5, To;sf] d"No Ps k|sf/sf]

x'G5 . o:t} gf} ld6/sf] a;nfO{ !))

lsnf]jf6 cfj/ eGbf sdsf] Aof6«Ln] x'Fb}g

To;sf] d"No bf]Aa/ x'G5 . To;}n] ubf{ 7"nf]

nfdf] O{eL a;x¿ l8h]nsf] uf8Lx¿ eGbf

cln dxª\uf] 5 . t/, casf] Aof6«Lsf] d"No

tuftf/ 3l6/fv]sf] 5 . 7"nf O{eL a;x¿ /

6«sx¿ klg l8h]nsf] uf8L;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug{

;Sg] n]andf rfF8} g} cfpF5g\ .

csf]{, Aof6«L 6]Sgf]nf]lh o:tf] ljsf;

eO;s]sf] 5 x/]s lbg rNg] x]eL e]OsnnfO{

klg ;ft jif{sf] jf/]G6L lbO/fv]sf 5f}F . x/]s

jif{ Aof6«L 6]Sgf]nf]lhdf ePsf] k|ultn]

nfOkm6fOd l6Sg] Aof6«L cfpFb}g eGg

;lsFb}g . dfs]{6 gofF 6]Sgf]nf]hL;Fu} lxF8\5,

;/sf/sf] gLltn] To;nfO{ /f]Sg vf]h] klg

O{eLnfO{ rfFxL ufx|} k5{ .

c6f] df]jfOnsf] If]qdf g]kfndf

eO/x]sf] ljsf;;Fu} Pp6f a|fG8n] g]kfnd}

uf8L pTkfbg k|lqmof ;'¿ u/]sf] lyof] .

;LhLn] P;]Dan Knfgaf/] cflwsfl/s

wf/0ff agfPsf] 5 <

Dofg'km\ofSrl/ªsf] If]qdf ;LhL

g]kfns} 7"nf] Jofkfl/s ;d"x xf] . xfdLn]

df]6/;fOsnsf] P;Dan lx/f]af6 8]9

jif{cufl8 g} ;~Rffng u¥of}F . O{eLsf]

;fwgdf nufOPsf] a9\bf] eG;f/ b/nfO{ x]bf{

xfdL rfF8} g} O{eLsf] s]xL d'Vo k|f]8S6x¿

oxLF P;]Dan u5f}{F / b]zdf /f]huf/L l;h{gf

u/fpF5f}F, Tof] xfd|f] lSno/ gLlt xf] . a9\bf]

eG;f/ b/nfO{ x]bf{ P;]Danlt/ hfg' g} pko'Qm

x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .

O{eL ;jf/Ltkm{ ;LhLsf] efjL of]hgfdf

rflh{ª :6];g lj:tf/ ug] { qmdn] lg/Gt/tf

kfpF5 ls kfpFb}g <

oftfoftsf] If]qnfO{ ljB'tLos/0f ug]{

xfdL cfkm\gf] lehgdf b[9 5f}F . rflh{ª

:6];gnfO{ a9fP/ xfdLn] tLg rf/

dlxgfleq} b]ze/ $)) :yfgdf

k'¥ofpFb}5f}F . o:t}, ;le{; ;]G6/nfO{ $)

:yfgdf lj:tf/ ub}{5f}F . d'Vo xfO–j]x¿df

Pp6f xfd|f] ;le{; ;]G6/ aG5 . gofF

k|ljlwsf] ljB'tLo ;jf/L;fwgx¿ cem

;xh ¿kdf pknAw u/fpFb} hfg] xf] .

g]kfnsf] a9\bf] s/ j[l4sf] gLltnfO{

dWogh/ ub}{ xfdL rfF8} g} uf8L P;]Danlt/

hfFb}5f}F . xfdLn] ;]Ud]6sf] cfwf/df ;fgf

7"nf uf8Lsf] a|fG8 ljsf; u/]sf 5f}F . ca

l5§} ;fdfg 9'jfgL ug]{ nlhl:6sn

e]Osndf klg rfF8} k|j]z ub}{5f}F . rfn'

cfjdf xfdLn] $%) sf] ;ª\Vofdf /

;fj{hlgs oftfofttkm{ $ xhf/sf]

;ª\Vofdf Eofgx¿ a]Rg] nIo /fv]sf 5f}F .

b'O{kfª\u|] ;jf/Lsf] xsdf cl3Nnf jif{x¿df

eGbf ahf/ /fd|f] ePsf] 5 . of] jif{ ! nfv

*) xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf b'O{kfª\u|] ;jf/L

laqmL ug]{ cg'dfg 5 . xfdLn] ;]Ud]G6sf]

cwf/df a|fG8 ljsf; u/]sf xf}F . st} /fd|f]

lskmfotL, kx'Frof]Uo alnof] a|fG8 s]xL c?

b]Vof}F eg] g]kfndf xfdLn] To;nfO{ yKg

;S5f}F . lsgeg] g]kfnL sGh'd;{ gofF

k|ljlw / gofF lrhdf nufgL ug{

8/fpFb}gg\ . Unf]andf O{eL If]qdf cfPsf]

n]6]:6 lrh xfdL oxfF leq\ofpg] qmdnfO{

xfdL hf/L /fV5f}F . pkef]Qmfdf l8df08

alnof] b]lvPsf] 5 .

O{eL ahf/sf] nflu cfufdL ah]6 s:tf]

x'g'kb{5 < lghL If]qn] s:tf] ck]Iff /fv]sf]

5 <

;/sf/;Fu xfd|f] ck]Iff eg]sf] gLltdf

l:y/tf x'g'k¥of] . Ps jif{ l8h]nnfO{ csf]{

jif{ O{eLnfO{ k|efj kg]{ u/L agfOPsf cl:y/

gLltn] bL3{sfnLg ¿kd} c;/ kg]{ b]lvof] .

;/sf/n] Psbd} :ki6 / bL3{sfnLg

lehg;lxtsf] gLlt Nofpg'¥of] . To;kl5

dfq lghL If]qn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ ug{ ;S5 .

casf] kfFr jif{ b]znfO{ stf n}hfg] xf],

dWod / nª 6«d Sofl/6L rflxof] .

clxn]sf] h:tf] eb|uf]nsf] cj:yfdf gLlt

To;}u/L agfpg] xf] eg] b]zdf Jofkf/

Joj;fo km:6fpg ;Sb}g . ;/sf/n] ah]6

agfpFbf gLlt sfo{qmddf a9\bf] SnfOd]6

r]~hn] kf/]sf] c;/nfO{ e"Ng' ePg . xfd|f]

cy{tGq ko{6gdf cfwfl/t 5 . eljiodf

g]kfndf cfPsf ko{6snfO{ lxpF x]g{ ;Sg]

jftfj/0f agfO/fVg'k5{ . ah]6 lgdf{0f ubf{

xfdLn] Pp6f SnfOd]6sf] b[li6sf]0f / csf]{

/f]huf/L l;h{gf ug]{ If]qnfO{ k|fyldstfdf

/fVg} k5{ .




{

{


xfdLn] kf“r ;o ¿k}of“;Ddsf]

sf/f]af/nfO{ z'Ns nufPsf 5}gf} +

lgn]z dfg l;+x k|wfg

k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t -;LO{cf]_, Pg;LPrPn

g]kfn lSnol/ª xfp; -Pg;LPrPn_ /fli6«o :t/sf] e'QmfgL k|0ffnLx¿ :yfkgf tyf ;~rfng ug] { / ljQLo

;+:yfx¿df x'g] e'QmfgL k|0ffnLnfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug] { sfd u5{ . g]kfndf ljQLo sf/f]af/sf] lSnol/ª xfp;sf] sfo{ ug]

klAns lnld6]8 sDkgL xf] . @)^% d+l;/ @# df s]Gb|Lo a} +ssf] cu'jfO{df :yfkgf ePsf] of] ;+:yfn] clxn] ljleGg !#

eGbf …k|8S6Úx¿af6 ;]jf lj:tf/ ub} { cfPsf] 5 . Pg;LPrPnn] a} +s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿ -aLPkmcfO{x¿_ sf] bIftf /

pTkfbgzLntf a9fpg] ;fy} u|fxsnfO{ gjLgtd ljQLo ;dfwfgx¿ k|bfg ug{ k|ljlwd}qL ;]jfx¿ cTofjZos 7fGb5 .

o:tf ;]jfx¿ k|bfg u/L aLPkmcfO{x¿n] ef/L k"jf{wf/df nufgL gu/L g} k|ljlwd"ns e'QmfgL ;]jf lng ;Sg] jftfj/0f

Pg;LPrPnn] tof/ kfb} { cfPsf] 5 . cfufdL lbgdf Pg;LPrPnsf] e"ldsf, /0fgLlt / of]hgfsf ;Gbe{df Pg;LPrPnsf

;LO{cf] lgn]z dfg l;+x k|wfg;Fu skf]{/]6 ;dfrf/sf nflu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/M

!^ jif{ cufl8b]lv ;'¿ ePsf] g]kfn

lSnol/ª xfp;n] s]–s:tf] sfd ub}

cfO/x]sf] 5 <

o;sf] :yfkgf g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf]

e'QmfgL k|0ffnL;Fu ;DalGwt hlt klg

gLltx¿ 5g\ To;sf] sfof{Gjog u/fpg, Pp6f

Ph]G;Lsf] ¿kdf ePsf] xf] . o;sf] agfj6 g}

klAns, k|fOe]6 kf6{g/l;k -kLkLkL_

df]8ndf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, k|fOe]6 / ;/sf/L

;a} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿sf] nufgLdf

:yfkgf ul/Psf] xf] . ;'¿jftL r/0fdf r]s

lSnol/ªnfO{ l8lh6n dfWodaf6 lSnol/ª

ug]{ eg]/ ;'¿ ePsf] ofqf cGt/ a}+s k]d]G6

l;:6d, sg]S6 cfO{kLP;, l/6]n k]d]G6 l:jr,

g]zgn k]d]G6 l:jr, /fli6«o k]d]G6 OG6/km];,

skf]{/]6–k], sg]S6 cfl6{hLP;, g]kfn–k]

So'cf/ nufotsf ljleGg gf} j6f

/fli6«o:t/sf] e'QmfgL k|0ffnL ;~rfng ub}{

cfPsf 5f}F .

l8lh6n ¿kdf e'QmfgL ug]{ k|j[lQ tLj|



¿kdf a9\b} uO/x]sf] cj:yfdf oL

l;:6dx¿df s:tf k|sf/sf r'gf}tL ylkPsf

5g\ <

klxnf gubåf/f x'g] ;fgf ;fgf

sf/f]af/x¿b]lv lahg];sf 7"nf sf/f]af/;Fu}

;/sf/n] 7"nf sf/f]af/ klg xfn l8lh6n

dfWodaf6 eO/x]sf] 5 . cgnfOgaf6} x'g]

e'QmfgL / sf/f]af/ tLj|¿kdf a9]sf] 5 . xfd|f

:6]s xf]N8;{x¿nfO{ ljZjf;df lnP/

l8lh6n sf/f]af/ ug{ k|]l/t ug'{kg]{ ljifo

r'gf}tLs} ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . ;Fu} gofF

u|fxsx¿nfO{ l8lh6n sf/f]af/sf] kmfObf /

lsg cgnfOg sf/f]af/ ug'{ < cfhsf]

;dodf cfjZos 5 eGg] af/]df ;a}nfO{

;hu u/fpg'kg]{ ePsf] 5 . l8lh6n

sf/f]af/d} klg kl5Nnf] ;do ljleGg ;d:of

/ r'gf}tLx¿ YflkFb} uPsf 5g\ . k|ljlwåf/f

ul/g] sf/f]af/ ePs} sf/0f o;df cfpg

;Sg] h'g hf]lvd x'G5, To;nfO{ Joj:yfkg

s;/L ug]{ eGg] ljifo 7"nf] r'gf}tLsf] ¿kdf

b]lvPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo

;+:yf, ck/]6/x¿, Pg;LPrPn h:tf

;+3;+:yfb]lv k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]{

k|of]ustf{x¿n] l8lh6n sf/f]af/ ubf{ s] ug{

x'G5 / s] ug{ x'Fb}g eg]/ a'emfpg] sfd

r'gf}tLs} ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . lsgeg] ef]ln uP/

7"n} u}/ wf]sfw9L -k|m8sf]_ 36gf gxf]nf

eGg ;lsFb}g, Tof] cj:yf cfof] eg] To;n]

xfn;Ddsf] pknlAwnfO{ g} :nf] 8fpg ug{

;Sg] cj:yf cfpg ;S5 .

;+:yfsf] ;'¿jftL ;dodf gub

sf/f]af/ w]/} x'Gy], xfn cgnfOgåf/f

sf/f]af/ a9\bf k|ltztdf x]g] { xf] eg]

l8lh6n sf/f]af/df j[l4 s:tf] b]lvG5 <

;'¿jftL ;dodf cGt/f{li6«o sf8{x¿,

oxLFsf cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/ -6«fGHofS;g_sf]

nflu jf cGt/f{li6«o 6«fGHofS;gsf] nflu

l:jkm\6 k|of]u ub}{ cfO/fv]sf lyof}F . ;'¿sf]

;dodf r]saf6 x'g] sf/f]af/ g]kfnel/

lbgsf] sl/a cf7 xhf/ k6s 6«fGHofS;g

x'Fbf cf7b]lv gf} ca{ ¿k}ofFsf] sf/f]af/

x'GYof] . xfn b}lgs r]sdfkm{t x'g]

6«fGHofS;g g} ^) xhf/ k6s;Dd k'U5 . Tof]

x'Fbf #) b]lv $) ca{ ¿k}ofFsf] sf/f]af/

r]sdfkm{t dfq x'G5 . xfd|f l;:6dx¿df

l8lh6n ¿kdf x'g] sf/f]af/df cGt/ a}+lsª

l;:6dåf/f !) b]lv !% ca{ ¿k}ofF

6«fGHofS;g cfO{kLP;sf] l;:6ddf x'G5 .

o:t}, l/6]n k]d]G6 l:jrdf b}lgs @% ca{

¿k}ofF a/fa/sf] sf/f]af/ eO/x]sf] 5 .

;du|df ^) b]lv &) ca{ ¿k}ofFsf] sf/f]af/

b}lgs ¿kdf eO/x]sf] 5 . Pg;LPrPn

afx]ssf cGo lgsfon] ug]{ l8lh6n

sf/f]af/df b}lgs $ b]lv % ca{ ¿k}ofFsf]

sf/f]af/ eO/x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{

@)*)÷)*! Dff cf/6LhLP; 6«fGHofS;g

afx]ssf] sf/f]af/ /fi6« a}+ssf] 8f6fdf !^)

va{ a/fa/sf] l8lh6n 6«fGHofS;g ePsf]

5 . of] b/ kl5Nnf] rf/ kfFr jif{df ePsf

sf/f]af/nfO{ t'ngf ug]{ xf] eg] %) k|ltztn]

j[l4 ePsf] 5 . cfpg] tLg rf/ jif{df klg

j[l4b/ oxL g} /xg] k|Ifk0f 5 .

l8lh6n sf/f]af/ k|0ffnLdf ;a} cfa4

ePsf 5}gg\ . hlt klg JolQmx¿ l8lh6n

¿kdf sf/f]af/ ug' {x'G5 tL ;a} ;fIf/ / a}+lsª

;'ljwf kfPsf] :yfgsf x'g\ . xfn b]zsf]

h'g;'s} :yfgdf JolQmn] a}+s vftf vf]Ng'x'G5

eg] a}+sx¿n] r]s, df]afOn a}+lsª ;]jf,

sf8{nufotsf] cGo ;]jfx¿ lbPsf 5g\ .

cfly{s;Fu} l8lh6n cfly{s kx' Frsf] lj:tf/

ug{ ;xof]u ePsf] 5 . t/, k|of]ustf{sf]

lx;faaf6 l8lh6n ;fIf/tfdf b]lvPsf]

sdLsf sf/0f l/df]6 If]qx¿df k|of]udf sdL

ePs} xf] . l8lh6n cfly{s kx' Fr;Fu}

sf/f]af/df xfdLn] ;r]tgf a9fpFb} n}hfFbf

;x/ s]lGb|t dfq geP/ u|fdL0f If]qdf ;d]t

k|of]ub/df qmlds¿kdf a9\g] ck]Iff 5 .

Kfl5Nnf] ;do l8lh6n sf/f]af/n] hlt

;xhtf yk]sf] 5, p:t} u/L 6«fGHofS;g

gx'g], csfpG6 g} Xofs x'g] h:tf ljljw

;d:ofn] k|of]ustf{n] ;d:of ef]u]sf 5g\ .

of] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;+:yfsf] e"ldsf

s:tf] k|s[ltsf] x'G5 <

Ps t b}lgs ¿kdf] l8lh6n sf/f]af/

7"nf] ;ª\Vofdf x'g] x' Fbf e'QmfgL gePsf] l/kf]6{

g} ePsf 36gf lgs} sd dfqfdf ePsf 5g\ .

s'n 6«fGHofS;gsf] lgs} Go"g dfqfdf s]xL

36gf x' Fbf ;d:of ePsf] eGg] k/]sf] xf] .

Pl;of …Kofl;lkmsÚ / cGo b]zsf] t'ngfdf

xfd|f]df hlt sf/f]af/ x'G5, lgs} Go"g dfqfdf

dfq} e'QmfgL ubf{ ;d:of ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

oBlkM Tof] klg gxf];\ eGgsf nflu

k|of]ustf{df s;/L ljZjf; lbnfpg ;lsG5 /

s;/L To:tf] sf/f]af/ 36fpg] eg]/ h'g a}+s jf

;+:yfn] pQm l;:6d rnfO/xg'ePsf] 5÷;]jf

lbO/fv]sf 5g\ a}+s, kLP;lkh,

kLP;cf]hx¿n] pgLx¿nfO{ xfdLn]

k|0ffnLnfO{ ;'/lIft agfpg cGt/f{li6«o

dfkb08 cg';f/sf] l;:6d k|of]udf NofO{ ;do

;dodf To;nfO{ cku| ]8 ug{ eg]sf 5f}F .

pgLx¿nfO{ k|0ffnL;Fu hf]l8Psf gofF k|ljlw

cg';f/ l;:6dnfO{ df]8LkmfO ug{ / k|ljlw

;'/Iffdf nufgL a9fpgsf nflu ;fOa/

;]So'l/6Lb]lv ljleGg ufO8nfOg lbOPsf] x'G5,

;f]xL cg';f/ rNg /fi6« a}+sn] x]g]{ u5{ .

k|of]ustf{n] t emg\ d}n] cgnfOg sf/f]af/

ubf{ s] ug{ x'G5 / s] ug{ x' Fb}g eg]/ a'em\g' lgs}

cfjZos x'G5 . k|of]ustf{sf] xftdf

;+j]bgzLn ljj/0fx¿ x'g] x' Fbf ;r]t x'g'k5{ .

df]jfOn a}+lsª, OG6/g]6 a}+lsª, sf8{ gDa/x¿

nufotsf s'/f k|of]ukl5 uf]Ko /fVg'k5{ .

d'Vo t lkml;ª ln+sx¿df km:g' ePg, n6«L /

lukm\6sf] nfnr b]vfpg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5,

;r]t x'g'k5{ k|of]ustf{x¿ . o;df ljQLo ;]jf

lbO/fv]sf ;+:yfn] klg ;]So'l/6L ;'/Iff alnof]

agfpg'k5{ / ;r]tgf lbg'k5{ eg] ;]jf lng]n]

klg d}n] s] ug{ x' Fb}g eGg] s'/fsf] Vofn /fVg]

xf] eg] xfn clxn] ePsf s]xL 36gfx¿df

Kflg eljiodf sdL cfpg]5g\ .

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/sf]

;'/IffnfO{ lnP/ PPdPn l;Pkm\6L

d]sflghdåf/f l8lh6n sf/f]af/nfO{ lgu/fgL

ug]{ eg]sf] /fi6« a}+sn] xf] . 6«fGHofS;g

y|];xf]N8 l/kf]l6{ª jf z+sf:kb 6«fGHofS;g

l/kf]l6{ª ug'{kg]{ lhDd]jf/L ck/]6/x¿, a}+s

tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿nfO{ g} lbOPsf] 5 .

xfdLn] klg z+sf:kb nfUg] 6«fGHofS;gx¿

xfdLn] b]Vof}F eg] xfdLn] klg bfo/fleq /x]/

/fi6« a}+sdf l/kf]6{ ug]{ xf] .

cfufdL lbgdf l8lh6n sf/f]af/nfO{ cem

j[l4 u/fpg -n]; Sof; l;:6dsf] ljsf; ug{_

;+:yfn] s] s;/L e"ldsf lgjf{x u5{ <

cfly{s lqmofsnfknfO{ cufl8 n}hfg,

r]s, sf8{, df]afOn a}+lsªnufotsf ;a}

s'/fsf] cfjZostf k5{ . lh/f] Sof; l;:6ddf

hfg ;lsFb}g t/, …n]; Sof; l;:6dÚdf hfg

xfdLn] ug]{ sfd eg]sf] ;/sf/n] lnPsf] gLlt /

/fi6« a}+sn] e'QmfgL k|0ffnL;DaGwL lnPsf]

lgb]{lzsfnfO{ ;3fpg ;xof]uL e"ldsf v]Ng] xf] .

o;sf klg ;/sf/sf] sf/f]af/x¿nfO{

l8lh6ndf s;/L lnP/ hfg], /]ld6\ofG; jf qm;

af]8{/ 6«fGHofS;g, k' FhL ahf/sf] 6«fGHofS;g

Pjd\ cGt/ a}+lsª 6«fGHofS;gnfO{ s;/L lnP/

n}hfg] eg]/ xfdL;Fu Pp6f ;f]r 5 . o;df /fi6«

a}+sn] k]d]G6 / l8lh6n Osf]l;:6dnfO{ s;/L

cl3 a9fpg] eg]/ k|:6 agfPsf] 5 . To;nfO{

xfdLn] sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZos k"jf{wf/x¿ s]–

s] xf] To;sf] :yfkgf u/L nufgL u5f}{F . ;Fu}

k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;kl5 To;sf] k|of]u s;/L ug]{

eGg] ;Gbe{df cfjZos k/] ;/sf/nfO{ xfdLn]

;xhLs/0f u5f}{F .

;/sf/sf] l8lh6fOh];g gLlt

sfo{qmdsf cfwf/df l8lh6n

Osf]l;:6dnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] ;Gbe{df

xfdLn] ;xhLs/0f ub}{ cl3 a9\g] xf] .

n];Sof; Osf]gf]dLdf cl3 a9\b} hfFbf

k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug]{, Osf]l;:6d klg agfpg]

;Fu} ;fdfGo gful/sn] ;d]t k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]

u/L ljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f :yflkt ug]{ xf] .



xfdLn] ;fdfGo k"jf{wf/x¿ …k|m8 l/:s

Dofg]hd]G6Ú / ;]So'l/6Lsf] nflu cfjZos

kIfx¿df 7"nf] nufgL ul//fv]sf 5f}F . o;n]

n];Sof; cfly{s ultljlwdf k|efjsf/L

e"ldsf v]N5 .

l8lh6n Osf]l;:6dsf] j[l4sf nflu

g]kfndf s:tf] vfnsf] gLlt cfjZos k5{ <

6«fGHofS;g z'Ns a9L eof] eGg] u'gf;f] klg

5 k|of]ustf{sf] <

l8lh6n Osfgf]ldlt/ hfg'k5{ eg]/

/fHon] lnPsf] gLlt / /fi6« a}+sn] ub}{

cfPsf] sfof{Gjogsf] xf]lnl:6s l;4fGt

/fd|f] klg 5 / :jfldTj klg lnFb}

cfO/xg'ePsf] 5 . l8lh6n k]d]G6df g]kfn

;/sf/ ;a}eGbf 7"nf] k|of]ustf{ xf] .

;/sf/åf/f ul/g] cfkm\gf] sf/f]af/x¿sf] 7"nf]

lx:;f k|fo l8lh6n ¿kd} eO/x]sf] x'G5 .

gLlt agfpg];Fu} ;/sf/n] k|of]ustf{sf] ¿kdf

Osf]l;:6dnfO{ ljsf; ug{ ;d]t e"ldsf

lgjf{x ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ca ;/sf/n] gLltut

¿kdf;d]t o;sf nflu cln a9L kxn

ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . l8lh6n ¿kdf ul/g]

sf/f]af/df lSnol/ª ;]6nd]G6sf] sfd ubf{

To;df nfUg] 6«fGHofS;g z'Nsx¿df

nufOPsf] Eof6 @)&) d} cWofb]zdfkm{t

x]l/Psfdf cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷)*! sf]

cfly{s cWofb]zdf …lSnol/ª P08

;]6nd]G6sf]Ú sfddf nfUg] z'Nsdf ;d]t

Eof6 nfUg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/

cfkm}Fn] a}+lsª sf/f]af/nfO{ l8lh6ndf

n}hfg k|df]6 klg ug]{ clg cfly{s

6«fGHofS;g ubf{ nfUg] z'Nsdf ;d]t Eof6

nufpg] eGb} ubf{ To;n] gLltut sGkm\o'hg

b]vfPsf] 5 .

xfdLn] kfFr ;o ¿k}ofF;Ddsf]

6«fGHofS;gnfO{ z'Ns nufPsf 5}gf}F . Tof]

eGbf dflysf] sf/f]af/df s] a'em\g'k5{ eg]

h'g !) ¿k}ofF jf dflysf] Eof6 nflu/fv]sf]

5, To;df Eof6sf] sDkf]g]G6 ;/sf/nfO{ hfg]

xf] . 6«fGHofS;g lkm h'g 5 Tof] sf/f]af/ x'g]

b'O{ a}+s, ck/]6/ tyf c? kLP;kLhx¿

Nfufotsf tLg rf/j6f kf6L{n] ;]jfafkt

lng] ub{5g\ . blIf0f Plzofdf g]kfn sd

z'Ns lng] b]zd} k5f}{F . ;fdfGo gful/ssf]

cfFvfaf6 x]bf{ w]/} lnPsf] h:tf] b]lvP klg

xfdLn] x]bf{ 6«fGHofS;g x'g] ;ª\Vof a9\b}

ubf{ 6«fGHofS;g z'Ns 36\of] ls 36]g eg]/

x]g]{ xf] .

;/sf/n] Eof6af6 eGbf klg l8lh6n

6«fGHofS;gaf6 x'g] sf/f]af/nfO{ k|f]T;fxg

u/]/ kf/bzL{ ¿kdf h'g /fh:j ;ª\sng ug{

;lsG5 Tof] clxn] p7\g] /fh:j eGbf w]/} g}

dfly x'g ;S5 / Totftkm{ ;/sf/n] Wofg

lbP/ ;'wf/ ug'{k5{ . csf]{, a}+lsª

sf/f]af/x¿ hlt klg l8lh6n ¿kdf

6«fGHofS;g x'g] x'g\ Tof] OG6/g]6 /

6]lnsDo'lgs]zg k|lqmof;Fu hf]l8P/ x'G5 .

OG6/g]6sf] z'Ns sdl;{on ¿kdf k|of]u

ug]{ xf];\ ls kmfOgflG;on 6«fGHofS;g ubf{

Ps} z'Ns tf]lsPsf] 5 . km]l/ ck/]6/ jf

a}+sx¿n] sf/f]af/ ubf{ u|fxsnfO{ P;PdP;

ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . ;fdfGo k|of]hgsf] nflu ltg'{kg]{

/ sdl;{on p2]Zon] k|of]u ubf{sf] P;PdP;

z'Ns klg pxL g} 5 . kmfOgflG;on

6«fGHofS;gnfO{ k|df]6 ug]{ xf] eg] of]

c;dfgtfnfO{ lrg{ cfjZos 5 . gofF gLlt

cfpFbf Og6/g]6 / P;PdP; z'Nsdf

;/sf/n] k|f]T;fxg ug'{k5{ .

casf] kfFr jif{df l8lh6n sf/f]af/sf]

cj:yf slt dfly k'U5 <

cf/6LhLP; afx]s xfn g]kfndf x'g]

s"n l8lh6n sf/f]af/ /sdsf] cfwf/df

nueu *% k|ltzt eO/fv]sf] 5 . To;nfO{

d]G6]g ub}{ gub sf/f]af/nfO{ l8lh6n

sf/f]af/sf] Osf]l;:6ddf Nofpgsf nflu

cfjZos k"jf{wf/x¿sf] ljsf; u5f}{F eg]

ePsf k"jf{wf/x¿sf] Ifdtf a9fpg Pp6f

;fOhsf] cfwf/df / k|ljlwsf] lx;fan] cem

a9L ;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ agfP/ n}hfg sfd

ul//fv]sf 5f}F . xfdLn] gofF k]d]G6 l;:6d

ljsf; ub}{ …g]zgn k]d]G6 l:jrÚ nfO{ cl3

;f/]sf 5f}F To;nfO{ k"0f{tf lbG5f}F .







c6f] pBf]usf] luo/ abNg] o'jf g]t[Tj Û

g]kfnsf] c6f]df]afOn pBf]udf

kl5Nnf] ;do lgs} rxnkxnb]lvg

yfn]sf] 5 . of] If]qsf] Ps pbfpFbf] cg'xf/

x'g\ lgzfg 9sfn . hf] clxn] cfO{PdO{

df]6;{sf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zssf ¿kdf

lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfln/x]sf 5g\ . o'jf pd]/d}

Joj:yfkgsf] ;jf]{Rr txdf k'u]sf 9sfn

g]kfndf gofF k':tfsf k|ultzLn /

k|fljlws b[li6sf]0f af]s]sf Joj;foL dWo]

Ps dflgG5g\ .

a]nfotsf] j]:6ldlg:6/ o'lgel;{6L /

cd]l/sfsf] xN6 lahg]; :s'naf6 pRr

lzIff lnPsf pgn] xfn g]kfnd} b–la|l6z

sn]haf6 PdaLP klg u/]sf 5g\ . @# jif{sf]

pd]/df g} pgn] cfO{PdO{ u|'ksf] c6f]df]afOn

l8lehg ;DxfNg] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf lyP .

ljQLo If]qdf alnof] klxrfg agfPsf]

cfO{PdO{ u|'ksf] nflu c6f]df]afOn If]q gofF

eP klg 9sfnn] of] Joj;fonfO{ ;zQm

agfpg] r'gf}tL cª\ufn]sf 5g\ .

czf]s n]NofG8sf] g]t[Tjdf ahf/

lj:tf/

cfO{PdO{ df]6;{ xfn czf]s n]NofG8sf

a;, 6«s, l6k/, bf]:t lksckb]lv lnP/

P:s6\;{ x]eL OlSjkd]G6 / gofF On]lS6«s

:s'6/ ;d]tsf] laqmL–ljt/0f ub}{ cfO/x]sf]

5 . czf]s n]NofG8 a|fG8n] ahf/ lx:;fsf]

cfwf/df g]kfndf bf];|f] :yfg agfO/fv]sf]

5 . 9sfnsf cg';f/, xfn;Dd kfFr

;oeGbf a9L o'lg6 uf8L of] cfly{s jif{df

leq\ofPsf] 5 .

sf]le8kl5sf] cj:yfaf/] pgL eG5g\,

…5f]6f] b"/Lsf ofqfsf nflu a;sf] dfu

a9]sf] xf], t/ 6«s / l6Kk/h:tf 7"nf ;jf/L

cem} plQs} ultdf cl3 a9\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

ljsf; lgdf{0f If]q rnfodfg gePs} sf/0f

To;sf] c;/ c6f] pBf]udf klg k/]sf] 5 .Ú

k|lt:kwf{ / g]t[Tj b'j}sf] cEof;

9sfn c6f]df]afOn If]qdf

k|lt:kwf{nfO{ cj;/sf ¿kdf x]5{g\ . pgL

eG5g\, …k|lt:kwf{n] u|fxs / laqm]tf b'j}nfO{

;hu agfpF5 . dnfO{ c6f] If]qdf ?lr 5,

o;}n] sfd ul//x]5' h:tf] nfUb}g, a?

l;sfOsf] qmd rln/x]sf] 5 .Ú gf8f -g]kfn

c6f]df]afON; l8n;{ P;f]l;z;g_ df ;d]t

;lqmo ;xeflutf hgfpFb} cfPsf pgL

cg'ej / ;DaGw lgdf{0fsf dfWodaf6

Joj;fo ;zQm agfpg lqmofzLn 5g\ .

u|fxs ;Gt'li6df hf]8

cfO{PdO{ df]6;{n] u|fxsnfO{ …6f]6n

s:6 ckm ck/];gÚsf] cjwf/0ffdf Wofg

lbFb} pTs[i6 ;]jf lbg] /0fgLlt lnPsf] 5 .

9sfn eG5g\, …kf6{k"hf{df Sjfln6Ldf s'g}

;Demf}tf x'Fb}g . lk|ldod rfh{ eg]sf] To;s}

d"No xf] . xfdLn] b]ze/ !^ :yfgdf ;]jf

s]Gb| lj:tf/ ul/;s]sf 5f}F / ca x/]s !))

lsnf]ld6/df ;]jf k"jf{wf/ agfpg] nIo

lnPsf 5f}F .Ú

ljB't\Lo ;jf/L– eljiosf] ofqf

O{eL ;jf/Lk|lt 9sfnsf] b[li6sf]0f :ki6

5 . …ahf/ / k|ljlwsf] ult x]/]/ cufl8

a9\g'k5{,Ú pgL eG5g\, …;fgf ;jf/Lsf]

ljB't\Ls/0f eO;s]sf] 5, 7"nf ;jf/L klg

To;tkm{ uO/x]sf 5g\ . xfdLn] ;fgf a; /

dfOqmf]df ljB't\Ls/0fsf] sfd ;'¿ ul/;s]sf

lgzfg 9sfn

sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, cfO{PdO{ df]6;{

5f}F .Ú rflh{ª :6]zgsf] cfjZostf a'‰b}

cfO{PdO{ df]6;{ cfkm\gf] jf ;fem]bf/Ldf :6]zg

:yfkgf ug]{ tof/Ldf 5 . …gLlt :ki6 eP

;a}nfO{ ;lhnf] x'g] wf/0ff pgsf] 5 .

o'jfsf] g]t[Tj, eljiosf] ;Defjgf

o'jf g]t[Tjsf] dxQ\jaf/] 9sfn eG5g\,

…o'jfdf l;h{gfTdQmf / k|ljlwsf] /fd|f] ;dem

x'G5 . r'gf}tL t ;a} 7fpFdf x'G5, t/ xfdLn]

To;nfO{ cj;/sf] ¿kdf lng] xf] .Ú

c6f]df]afON; h:tf] k|ljlwd}qL If]qn]

o'jfnfO{ 7"nf] cj;/ lbg] pgsf] ljZjf; 5 .

clxn] cfO{PdO{ df]6;{n] b]ze/ @&)

hgfnfO{ /f]huf/L lbO/x]sf] 5 . lgzfg

9sfnsf] /0fgLlt, ;f]r / ;dk{0fn] of] ;+:yf

c6f]df]afOn ahf/df cem alnof] :yfg

agfpg cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] c6f]

pBf]udf ljB't\Ls/0f, ;]jf ;'b[9Ls/0f /

a|fG8 EofNo" j[l4sf] cleofgdf pgL o'jf

k':tfsf] ;kmn k|ltlglw ag]sf 5g\ .



gof“ btf{ x'g] ;xsf/Ldf artstf{sf] ]

/sd 8'Ag] cj:yf cfp“b}g

/d]z l3ld/]

k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t -;LO{cf]_, lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f sf]if

lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f sf]ifn] a} +s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿sf] lgIf]k / shf{sf] ;'/If0f u/L g]kfnL a} +lsª tyf

ljQLo k|0ffnLsf] Pp6f cleGg ;f/yLsf] ¿kdf cfkm"nfO{ :yflkt u/]sf] 5 . ahf/df shf{sf] dfudf sdL cfO/x]sf]

k|lts"n cfly{s kl/j]zsf sf/0f a} +s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿sf] shf{ lj:tf/df ;ª\s'rgsf] qmd xfn;Dd sfod} /x]sf]

5 . csf] {tkm{ ;/sf/n] xfn} dfq s]xL P]g ;+zf]wgdfkm{t ;xsf/LnfO{ klg cg'udg, lg/If0f ug] {u/L k|ltlglw ;ef /

/fli6«o ;ef b'a}af6 kf; eP/ sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf 5 . ca sf]ifsf] bfloTj ;xsf/Lsf] /sdsf] klg shf{ lgIf]k tyf

shf{ ;'/If0f ug] { lhDdf ylkPsf] 5 . oL o:t} ljifodf s]lGb|t /x]/ sf]ifsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t /d]z l3ld/];Fu

skf]{/]6 ;dfrf/sf nflu ef]h/fh e08f/Ln] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;Dkflbt c+zM

b'O{ ltxfO{sf] ;/sf/af6 pT;flxt

b]lvPsf nufgLstf{ clxn] km]l/ ;':tfPsf

5g\ . csf] {lt/ a} +s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf

lgIf]k y'lk|Psf] 5 . t/, shf{ k|jfx x'g

;ls/x]sf] 5}g . clxn]sf] of] kl/l:yltnfO{

sf]ifsf] gh/af6 s;/L x]g' {x'G5 <

clxn] cfly{s If]qsf ultljlw

rnfodfg x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . lgIf]k tyf

shf{ ;'/If0f sf]ifsf] ;du| ljQLo k|0ffnLdf

e"ldsf eg]s} o:t} kl/l:yltdf x'g] xf] . sf]if

eg]sf] g]kfnL cy{tGqsf] cfdL{ xf] .

cy{tGqdf b/f/ cfof] jf ultzLn x'g

g;Sbf To:tf] kl/l:yltaf6 aflx/ lgsfNg

xfdLn] e"ldsf v]Ng] xf] . b]zdf cfly{s

ultljlw rnfodfg x'g} g;s]sf] eGg] klg

xf]Og . t/, ultdf ahf/ ultzLn aGg'kg]{

lyof] Tof] eg] ePsf] 5}g . ahf/ ;':t

cj:yfdf 5, ;':ttfn] dfq} ljQLo k|0ffnLdf

c;/ NofOxfNb}g .

clxn] g} ljQLo k|0ffnLdf b/f/ k}bf

eOxfNg], a}+sx¿n] Psbd ;ª\s6sf] ;fdgf

em]Ng'kg]{ / xfdL p2f/sf] e"ldsfdf

b]lvOxfNg'kg]{ cj:yf eg] clxn]sf] xf]Og .

xfdLn] lgIf]k y'lk|Psf] ;Gbe{df cWoog



ljZn]if0f ul//fv]sf 5f}F, ;du|df a}+sx¿sf]

…xfOlhgÚ kIf g/fd|f] 5}g . ljutsf] t'ngfdf

a}+sx¿df sd;n shf{ al9/fv]sf] 5 . t/

sl/a ^ k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf a}+sx¿sf]

lgis[o ;DklQ -PgkLP_ 5 . of] cflQxfNg'

kg]{ cj:yf xf]Og . a}+s tyf ljQLo If]qdf

lgodg s:tf] 5 eGg] s'/f dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 .

xfdLsxfF /fi6« a}+ssf] h'g lgodgsf/L

Joj:yf 5, Tof] Psbd /fd|f] / Jojl:yt 5 .

clxn]sf] cj:yfnfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ a}+sx¿

;ª\s6df kl/xfNg] cj:yf 5}g .

kl5Nnf] ;do a}lsª ultljlw

al9/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . C0fn] shf{ glt/]sf

ljifox¿ klg aflx/ cfPsf 5g\ . a} +s tyf

ljQLo ;+:yflj/f]wL ultljlw ;txaf6}

eO/x]sf 5g\ . a} +sx¿sf] v/fa shf{ l:ylt

klg gfh's b]lvG5 . o;n] sf]ifnfO{

Psk|sf/sf] r'gf}tL lbPsf] xf] <

kl5Nnf] ;do a}+ssf] shf{ ltg'{ kb}{g,

ltg'{ x'Fb}g, xfdL ldgfxf u/fOlbG5f}F eGg]

vfnsf ljifo aflx/ cfPsf lyP . h'g

lans'n cJofjxfl/s s'/f xf] . xfdLn] s]

a'em\g' k¥of] eg] a}+sn] lbPsf] shf{ p;sf]

k};f xf]Og Tof] gful/ssf] k};f xf] . s'g} klg

lx;fan] ldgfxf x'G5 eg]/ ;f]Rg' g} c;Dej

s'/f xf] .

h'g shf{ ltg{ kb}{g eg]/ ckmjfx

km}nfOof] To;n] ;fgf]ltgf] shf{ lng] / of]

If]qsf] w]/} 1fg gePsfnfO{ s]xL xb;Dd

k|efljt kf/]sf] xf] . t/, clxn] a}+sx¿sf]

h'g v/fa shf{sf] j[l4 xf] of] a}+s lj/f]wL

cfGbf]ngsf] pkh dfq xf]Og . ;fdfGo k|efj

tTsfnLg ;dodf k/]sf] xf]nf t/, To:tf

ultljlwsf] c;/ k/]sf] 5}g . xfnsf] cj:yf

eg]sf] Jofkf/ Joj;fodf ;du|df ePsf]

dGbLsf] k|efj g} d'Vo sf/0f xf] . Psflt/

xfd|f] lgof{tsf] cj:yf sdhf]/ 5, csf]{lt/

cfofltt j:t'sf] klg xfdLn] Jofkf/ ug]{ xf],

Tof] Jofkf/nfO{ hlt a9fpg / rnfodfg

agfpg ;S5f}F plt cj:yf ;'wf/f]Gd'v aGb}

hfG5 . b]zdf gful/n] clxn] vr{ g} ug{

;ls/fv]sf 5}gg\, To;dfly klg s"n

hg;ª\Vofdf vr{ ug]{ o'jfsf] ;ª\Vof aflx/

5g\ . oxfF ePsfn] klg j:t' tyf ;]jfsf]

pkef]udf lbn vf]n]/ vr{ ug{ ;Sg]

cj:yfdf /x]sf] b]lvFb}g, To;}n] ahf/df

;':ttf cfPsf] xf], pkef]Qmfsf] ;ª\Vof 36\bf

Jofj;flos ultljlwdf ;':ttf cfPsf] xf] .

o;n] Psbd} c;/ ul/xfN5 eGg] 5}g .

a} +lsª lj/f]wL ultljlw al9/x]sf]

cj:yfs} aLrdf To;nfO{ an k'Ug]u/L xfn}

dfq Pp6f ljsf; a} +s s0ff{nL ljsf; a} +s

;d:ofu|:t cj:yfdf k'Uof], lgIf]kstf{sf]

nufgLstf{ lkmtf{ s] s;/L eO/x]sf] 5 o;n]

cfufdL lbg cGo a} +sx¿dfly klg k|Zg

pl7/x]sf] cj:yf 5, tkfO{x¿n] o;nfO{

s;/L x]g' { ePsf] 5 <

s0ff{nL ljsf; a}+s 8'a]sf] eGbf klg

;d:ofu|:t ePsf] xf] . a}+snfO{ /fi6« a}+sn]

km/kmf/df n}hfg] lg0f{o ul/;s]kl5 dfq

xfdLn] cfkm\gf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ xf] .

l8kf]lh6 ug]{x¿sf] kfFr nfv;Ddsf] lgIf]k

xfdL lkmtf{ u5f}{F . To;sf] nflu xfdL k"0f{

;Ifd 5f}F . t/, cem} klg ;~rfnsx¿n]

a}+ssf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ u/]/ nodf NofpF5g\

eGg] ck]Iff xf] .

olb a}+s p7\g ;Sg] cj:yfdf ePg eg]

xfdL ;'/If0fstf{sf] lgIf]k lkmtf{ ug{ ;Ifd

5f}F . ahf/ d klg ;'G5' a}+s 8'A5 a}+s 8'A5

eg]/ ;a}n] 8'A5 eg]/ xNnfsf] e/df lxF8\g]

eg] ;fFlRrs} 8'Ag] vt/f k}bf x'G5 . of] ljifo

;+j]bgzLn xf] ;a}n] uxg ¿kdf lng'k5{ .

a}+s 8'Aof] eGg] ckmjfx km}nfpg' x'Fb}g .

g]kfndf /x]sf a}+sx¿sf] xfOlhgÚ kIf g/fd|f]

5}g . clxn] s'g}sf] klg a}+sx¿ 8'Ag]

cj:yfdf 5}gg\ . a}+sx¿sf] xsdf kfFr

nfv;Ddsf] ;fgf lgIf]kstf{n] lgw{Ss eP/

sf/f]af/ ubf{ x'G5 .

;xsf/Lsf] ljifo pl7xfNof], xfn} dfq

;/sf/n] s]xL P]g ;+zf]wgdfkm{t ;xsf/LnfO{

lgodg, cg'udg / lg/LIf0f / artstf{sf]

art ;'/lIft ug]{u/L cWofb]z NofP/ b'O{j6}

;bgaf6 kfl/t klg eO;s]sf] 5 . ca of]

lhDd]jf/LnfO{ sf]ifn] s;/L lnG5 <

;xsf/Lsf] xsdf aNn xfd|f] lhDdf

clxn]sf] sfg'gn] lbPsf] 5 .

cWofb]zdfkm{t NofOPsf] ;xsf/L P]g @)&$

df lgIf]ksf] ;'/If0f klg xfdLnfO{ g} lbPsf]

5 . ca ;bgaf6 kfl/t eO;s]sf] cj:yfdf

of] ca sfof{Gjgodf hfG5, To;sf nflu

xfdL lgodfjnL / sfo{ljlwx¿ th'{d ug]{

qmddf 5f}F, Tof] rfF8} x'G5 .

;xsf/Lsf] xsdf lgI]fk ;'/If0fsf]

Joj:yfnfO{ alnof] agfpg s;/L

sfo{ljlwx¿ tof/ ul//xg'ePsf] 5 <

5fgljg ;ldltn] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgn] $) j6f

;xsf/Laf6 dfq} artstf{sf *& ca{ /sd

hf]lvddf /x]sf] l/kf]6{ lbPsf] 5 . c? yk

w]/} 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] lgIf]k lkmtf{ ug] {



jftfj/0f s;/L ;'lglZrt ug' {x'G5 <

xfdLn] ug]{ ;'/If0f eg]sf] eljio s]lGb|t

xf] . eO;s]sf] kIfsf] ;'/If0f k|bfg ug]{ lhDdf

xfdLn] lng] xf]Og . clxn];Dd artstf{sf]

hlt /sd 8'a]sf] 5 Tof] ;/sf/n] s'g}–s'g}

9ª\uaf6 To;nfO{ 6'ª\uf] nufpg ;Snf . t/,

o; cl3 8'a]sf zxsf/Lsf] xfdLn] bfloTj

Joxf]b}{gf} . lgofdsLo lgsfosf] u7g klg

eO;s]sf]n] capk|fGt ;xsf/Ln] /fli6«o

;xsf/L lgodg k|flws/0fdf btf{ eP/

xfdL;Fu ;b:otf lng'k5{ . xfd|f] ;b:otf

lnPsfx¿sf] xsdf xfdLn] lgIf]ksf] ;'/If0f

k|bfg ug]{ xf] . o;cl3 ;d:of ePsf

zxsf/Ldf xfd|f] bfo/fdf cfpFb}g . eljiodf

x'g] kIfsf] klg lgofdsn] of] ;xsf/L

;d:ofu|:t eof], o;n] artstf{sf] /sd

lkmtf{ ug{ ;Sb}g eg]/ lg0fo{ ug'{k5{ . To;kl5

xfdLn] k|lqmofdfkm{t artstf{sf] lgIf]k lkmtf{

ug]{ xf] .

ljutdf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿ ;d:ofu|:t

ePsf pbfx/0f klg 5g\ To;sf] ;dfwfg

s;/L ePsf] lyof] <

o; cl3 @)^& ;fnb]lv nfu" ePsf]

lgIf]k ;'/If0f Joj:yfdf xfn;Dd xfdLn]

Pp6f ljQ sDkgL …lxdfnog kmfOgfG;Ú 8'a]sf]

;fdgf ug'{k/]sf] 5 . !# s/f]8 bfloTj

a]xf]g'{kg]{ cj:yfdf sltko lgIf]kstf{sf]

klxrfg x'g g;s]/ tLg s/f]8 a9L cem} afFsL

5 . t/ !! s/f]8sf] bfloTj xfdLn] e'StfgL

u/]sf 5f}F . To;kl5 s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo

;+:yf 8'a]sf] 5}g, s0ff{nL ljsf;df ;d:of

dfq b]lvPsf] xf], 8'a]sf] xf]Og .

/fi6« a} +sn] sf]ifdf nufgL g} u/]sf] 5 .

sf]if / /fi6« a} +saLrdf s'g kIfdf s;/L

;dGjog x'G5 <

/fi6« a}+s :jod\sf] sf]ifdf !) k|ltzt

nufgL 5 . To;sf/0f /fi6« a}+ssf] sfo{sf/L

lgb]{zs txsf] Ps hgfn] af]8{df k|ltlglwTj

ug'{x'G5 . af]8{df a}7sdfkm{t cfGtl/s gLlt

lgod th'{df / Joj:yfkgsf] lg0f{o ul/g] x'Fbf

/fi6« a}+ssf] e"ldsf k|ToIf x'g] eOxfNof] .

csf]{ eg]sf] xfdLn] ;]jf lbg] -a}+s tyf

ljQLo ;+:yfx¿_ /fi6« a}+ssf] lgodgdfkm{t

;~rflnt 5g\ . xfdLn] ToxfF 5'6\6} lgsfo

:yfkgf gu/] klg ToxfFsf] a}+s ;'k/lehg

ljefu / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg

ljefu;Fu lgoldt ;Dks{df /x]/ cfj:os

5nkmn ug]{b]lv lgofdsLo k|aGwx¿df

;'wf/sf] cfjZostf dxz'; x'Fbf b'O{

ljefu;Fusf] ;dGjodf cl3 a9\5f}F .

sf]ifn] ;~rfng u/]sf shf{

sfo{qmdx¿ lsg k|efjsf/L x'g ;s]gg\ <

ljz]ifu/L z}lIfs shf{ lsg k|Effjsf/L x'g

;s]g <

xfdLn] k~rjifL{o /0fgLlts of]hgf

agfP/ cl3 a9]sf 5f}F . To;df xfdLn]

kfFrj6f lkNn/df cfkm\gf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f

u/]sf 5f}F . To;}df /x]/ sf]ifsf] sfdsf/afxL

cl3 a9fpF5f} . To;df klxnf] lkNn/sf

¿kdf Joj;fo lj:tf/ xf] . cfhsf] lbgdf

xfdLn] JolQsf] xsdf kfFr nfv;Ddsf]

lgIf]k ;'/If0f u5f}{F . lgIf]ktkm{, shf{sf] -s]xL

l8kmfOg ul/Psf_ xsdf clwstd xfdLn]

tLg s/f]8 ¿k}ofF;Ddsf] shf{sf] ;'/If0f

u5f}{ . t/, /0fgLlts of]hgfdf xfdLn] To;sf]

bfo/f cln a9fP/ n}hfg] nIo cg';f/

r/0fa4 sfo{qmdx¿ th'{df ul//fv]sf 5f}F .

;xsf/Lsf] lgIfksf] ;'/If0f eg]sf] o;}sf]

Pp6f pkh xf] . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;Fu}

ca ;xsf/Lsf] klg xfdLn] lgIf]k ;+/If0f ub}{

5f}F . shf{sf] xsdf xfdLn] xfn ^ j6f

sfo{qmddfkm{t shf{sf] ;'/If0f ub}{ cfPsf]df

xfdLn] yk b'O{ j6f yk u/]sf 5f}F . :6f6{ck

shf{ ;'/If0f / /f]huf/d'vL l;k shf{ ;'/If0f

sfo{qmd eg]/ b'O{ sfo{qmd yk u/]sf 5f}F . oL

;a} sfo{qmdx¿ eg]sf] kf]6{kmf]lnof]df

cfwfl/t ;'/If0f xf] . JolQmut ¿kdf lnPsf]

shf{nfO{ dfq geP/ Pp6f a}+sn] k|jfx u/]sf]

;du| shf{nfO{ g} xfdL ;'/If0f u5f}{F . xfd|f

z}lIfs, s[lif, ;fgf tyf demf}nf -P;PdO{_

nufotsf ljleGg * cf]6f sfo{qmddf n3'

pBd tyf ljkGg ju{ shf{ dfq nf]slk|o 5 .



of] shf{ emG8} tLg va{ xf/fxf/Ldf k|jflxt

ePsf] 5 . z}lIfs shf{ lng]sf] ;ª\Vof t

emg\ 5Fb} 5}g\ z"Gos} cj:yfdf 5 . z}lIfs

shf{ k|efjsf/L x'g g;Sg'df a}+sx¿nfO{ xfd|f]

;'/If0fsf] l:sd lrQa'em\bf] geP/ xf]nf .

lsgsL pgLx¿ shf{ 8'Ag] lrGtfd} b]lvP .

xfd|f] ;'/If0f eP/ klg hf]lvd b]lvPkl5

;lhn} shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;s]gg\ . xfdLn] &%

k|ltzt ;'/If0f Uof/]G6L u5f}{F, @% k|ltzt

a}+sx¿n] lbg] xf] Tof] pgLx¿nfO{ hf]lvdk"0f{

eof] . To;dfly shf{sf] efsf ggf3];Dd

xfdLn] ;'/If0f lbFb}gf}, Tof]

l:sdn] lbFb}g . C0fLn]

ls:tf ltg{ 5f]8\of], c;'n

pk/ ubf{ ePg eg] t

xfdLn] Sn]d lbg'kg]{ xf] t/,

efsf k'u]kl5 dfq} xfdLn]

lbG5f}, Tof]] sdhf]/Lsf]

sf/0f a}+sn] l:sd lrQ

a'emfPgg\ .

To;sf/0f xfdLn]

eO/x]s} sfo{qmdsf]

;dLIff u/]/ cfjZostf

cg';f/ kl/dflh{t u/L

nfu" ug]{ / kl/dfh{g

cfjZos 5}g eGg]

cWoogsf] lgisif{ x'G5

eg] Aofs g} x'g] tof/Ldf

xfdL 5f}F . kf]6{kmf]lnof]df

cfwfl/t sfo{qmdn] dfq}

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]

;'/If0f cfjZostfnfO{

kl/k"tL{ u/]g . lwtf]

gx'g]n] shf{ kfPgg\ .

Joj;foLs ;DefJotf

ePsf t/ lwtf]

gePsfx¿n] ;d]t ;xh

¿kdf pBd ug{ kfpg eGg]

x]t'n] xfdLn] JolQmut

Uof/]G6Ldf cfwfl/t shf{

lbg] tof/L ul//fv]sf 5f}F .

o;sf] dtna ;du|

kf]6{kmf]lnof] geP/ xfdLn]

Pp6f s'g} Jofkf/ jf

Joj;fo dfq klg ;'/lIft

u/fpg ;Sg] vfnsf]

l:sd th'{df ub}{5f}F . of]

xfd|f] d'Vo k|fyldstfdf

5 . Joj;fo lj:tf/;Fu}

;"rgf k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t

sfo{ k|0ffnL ljsl;t

ug]{, hf]lvd lgoGq0fsf

pkfonfO{ cem} k|efjsf/L

agfpg] ljifo casf] xfd|f]

k|fyldstf xf] . a}+sx¿sf] cfjZostf

cg';f/ s;/L xfd|f sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ cg's'n

/ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;lsG5 eGg]df xfd|f]

Wofg s]lGb|t 5 .

a}+sx¿df y'lk|Psf] /sdnfO{ s;/L

ahf/df k'¥ofpg] < shf{ k|jfxnfO{ a9jf lbg

sf]ifn] s:tf of]hgfx¿ agfPsf] 5 <

a}+sx¿n] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ vf;u/L

pTkfbgzLn, /f]huf/Lsf] ;Defjgf a9L

ePsf] / o'jf knfognfO{ /f]Sg ;Sg]

Jofj;flos If]qx¿ klxrfg u/L tL

If]qx¿df shf{ nufgLnfO{ a9L eGbf a9L

k|f]T;flxt ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . Tof] vfFrf]nfO{

a'em]/ sf]ifn] hlt;Sbf] shf{ k|jfxnfO{

k|f]T;flxt ug]{ vfnsf of]hgfx¿ NofP/

a}+sx¿dfkm{t pTkfbgzLn If]qdf shf{sf]

kx'FrnfO{ lj:tfl/t ug]{] of]hgfdf 5 . xfdLn]

s]xL gofF sfo{qmdx¿ th'{df ul/;s]sf 5f} /

eljiodf klg a}+sx¿sf] cfjZostf a'em]/

shf{ k|jfxdf k|f]T;fxg x'g] vfnsf

sfo{qmdx¿ NofpF5f}F .



%) s/f]8sf] Jofh a} +sdf ltbf{

Joj;foLsf] nfut sxf“ k'U5 <

s]bf/ nfld5fg]

k|aGw lgb] {zs, kmf];{ u| 'k

ljut !& jif{b]lv kmf];{ u|'kn] lgdf{0f If]qdf ljleGg cfjZos pks/0fx¿sf] Joj:yfkg ;xhLs/0f ul//x]sf]

5 . lgdf{0f If]qdf kmf];{ u|'kn] u/]sf] of]ubfg / lgdf{0f k|lqmof g]kfnsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ dflgG5 .

olta]nf lgdf{0fsf] If]q ;':t cj:yfdf 5g\ . Joj;foLx¿n] e'QmfgL kfpg g;s]/ cfGbf]ng/t cj:yfdf 5g\ .

;/sf/ cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 n]vgsf] tof/Ldf h'l6/x]sf] 5 . xfn} gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ;d]t NofO;s]sf]

;/sf/n] lgdf{0f If]qdf cfufdL lbgsf s:tf] ah]6 Nofpg ;Snf eGg] cfd rf;f] 5 . lgdf{0f pks/0f Nofpg u'|kn]

ef]Ug'k/]sf] cj:yf, jt{dfg lgdf{0f If]qsf] r'gf}tL / cy{tGqsf] ljifodf s]lGb|t /x]/ kmf];{ u|'ksf k|aGw lgb]{zs

s]bf/ nfld5fg];Fu skf]{/]6 ;dfrf/sf nflu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;Dkflbt c+z

xfn cfly{s dGbLsf] cj:yf 5, k' FhLut

vr{ ;':t 5, lgdf{0f If]qdf oL s'/fsf] k|efj

slQsf] k/]sf] 5, clxn]sf] cj:yfnfO{ oxfFn]

s;/L x]b} { x'g'x'G5 <

b]zsf] cj:yf x]bf{ clxn] lghL If]q /

Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug]{sf nflu lgs} sl7g

;do xf] . lghL If]qdf k/]sf] cfly{s bafa

lj:tf/} sd xf]nf ls eGg] xfdLn] 7fg]sf

lyof}+ t/, To:tf] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . clxn]

b]zs} cfly{s cj:yf ;sf/fTds x'g

;s]sf] 5}g . cfd hgtfdf lg/fzf 5fPsf]

5 . sf]le8–!( kl5 lgdf{0f If]qdf ;a}eGbf

7"nf] c;/ k/]sf] lyof] . h;sf k|efj

clxn] klg b]vf kl//x]sf] 5 .

To;dfly sf]le8sf] ;dodf ;a}eGbf

w]/} c;/ lgdf{0f If]qdf k/]sf] To;af6 cem}

xfdL aflx/ cfpg ;s]sf 5}gf+} . of] If]qdf

s]xL ;'wf/sf ck]Iff u/] klg ck]Iffs[t

;'wf/ x'g ;s]g . To;df lgdf{0f Joj;foLn]

kfpg g;s]sf] e'QmfgL, ;/sf/n] cfly{s

;|f]tsf] ;'lglZrt ug{ g;Sg', ljleGg 7"nf



cfof]hgfdf eO/x]sf] ;Df:ofx¿sf sf/0f

;dod} k|f]h]S6 k"/f x'g g;Sbf a9\g] nfut

h:tf ljljw sf/0fx¿nfO{ Ps cfk;df

hf]8]/ x]g'{kg]{ x'G5 . ;/sf/n] e'QmfgL lbPg

To;sf/0f lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] afFsL sfd ug{

g;Sbf cfly{s kIf rnfodfg ePg

elg/xFbf pNn]lvt sf/0fx¿nfO{ ;du|df

ljZn]if0f ug'{k5{ . lgdf{0f If]qnfO{ ;/sf/n]

cfkm";Fu} ;fydf lnP/ cl3 a9\g'k5{ .

lgdf{0f If]q eg]sf] sdfpgnfO{ dfq nfu]sf

7]s]bf/x¿ x'g\, b]zk|lt pQ/bfoL 5}gg\ eGg]

cfd dflg; / ;/sf/L ;+oGqx¿d} klg h'g

k|sf/sf] wf/0ff 5, ca To;nfO{ ljZn]if0f

u/]/ kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{ ;do cfO;s]sf] 5 .

lgdf{0f Joj;foLk|ltsf] wf/0ff kl/jt{g

ug' {kg] { eGg'eof] t/, Joj;foLn] jiff} {;Dd

klg 7]Ssf cf]u6]/ sfd k"/f ub} {gg\, w]/}

cfof]hgfnfO{ cnkq agfP/ 5fl8Psf 5g\

o:tf]df sf/afxL gu/]/ eof] t <

;a} Joj;foLsf] lhDdf lng ufx|f] xf]nf

t/, w]/}sf] s:tf] eO/x]sf] 5 eg] e'QmfgL

gkfPs} sf/0f sfd /f]lsPsf 5g\ .

Joj;foLn] lgdf{0f If]qdf sfd ubf{ ;dod}

e'QmfgL kfPdfq lgdf{0f sfo{n] ult lng] xf] .

;dod} e'QmfgL gx'Fbf Joj;foLsf] a}+sdf …r]g

ckm sdf08Ú lalu|Psf], ;|f]t h'6fpg ufx|f]

ePsf] u'gf;f] clws ;'lgPsf] 5 .

Joj;foLn] ;dod} k]d]G6 kfpg] / a}+sx¿df

pgLx¿sf] r]g ckm k]d]G6 ldNb} hfg] xf] eg]

w]/}sf] sfd /f]lsFb}g . 7]s]bf/ eg]sf ;]jfsf]

Jofkf/ ug{ a;]sf JolQmm g x'g\ sfnf] ;"rLdf

kg{ a;]sf xf]Ogg\ lg . sfnf] ;"rLdf kg]{

eg]sf] ;DaGw lalu|Psf] cj:yf xf],

Joj;foL cfkm}+n] cfkm\gf] ;DaGw laufg{

rfxfG5g / < lgdf{0f sDkgLx¿ sfnf];"rLdf

kg]{, ;dod} cfof]hgfx¿ g;lsg] ljifo

afWotfsf] pkh xf] .

7"nf k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f kl/of]hgfx¿,

xfO8«f]kfj/ nufotsf If]qdf x]eL

pks/0fsf] k|of]u clws x'G5, kl5Nnf] tLg

jif{df dfu / k|ljlwsf] k|of]usf] cj:yf

s:tf] 5 <

lgdf{0f If]qdf x]eL / gd{n

pks/0fx¿sf] k|of]u clws x'G5, of]

;a}nfO{ yfxf ePs} s'/f xf] . h;/L ljZje/

k|ljlwsf] k|of]udf tLj|tf cfPsf] 5 lgdf{0f

If]qdf klg gofF k|ljlwsf] k|of]u a9]sf] 5 .

s]xL jif{ klxn] k|of]u ug]{ pks/0fx¿df

clxn] w]/} kl/jt{g cfO;s]sf] 5 . To;n]

k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f sfo{df ;xhtf NofP;Fu}

cfly{s nfut klg a9fPsf] 5 . t/, xfn

g]kfndf cfjZostfsf] cfwf/df k"jf{wf/

lgdf{0f ePs} 5}gg\ . ;8s k"jf{wf/df w]/}

sfd eO/x]sf 5g\\, hlt x'g'kg]{ xf] Tof] ultdf

ePsf] 5}g . o;sf] dtna sfd g} gePsf]

eGg] rflxF xf]Og . ;8s k"jf{wf/df ;/sf/n]

sfd u/]sf] 5 . cfjZostfsf cfwf/df

k"jf{wf/ If]qdf lgdf{0fsf] ult eg] ;':t 5 .

xfdLn] xfO8«f] ;]S6/ rf;f]sf ;fy sfd

ul//fv]sf 5f}F . ;/sf/n] klg dxTj lbPsf],

;Defjgf af]s]sf] If]q eP/} To;sf nflu

cfjZos lgdf{0f ;fdu|L, d]l;gx¿ ;KnfO{

ul//fv]sf] x'gfn] nufgL ePsf] 5 . pmhf{

pTkfbg ug{ cfd dflg;s} rf;f] 5 . t/,

cfjZostf / ;Defjgfsf] tfnd]n ;d]t

ePsf]b]lvFb}g . b]znfO{ ljB't\af6} cfly{s

;kmntf xfl;n u/fpg ;lsG5 eg]/

nfu]sfx¿sf nflu ;d]t /fd|/L sfd ug]{

jftfj/0f ag]sf] 5}g . Pp6f xfO8«f]kfj/sf]

;DefJotf cWoog ePb]lv k"/f gx'Fbf;Dd

nufgLQmf{b]lv lgdf{0fsf] lhDdf lnPsf]

sDkgLn] oltw]/} ;d:ofsf] ;fdgf ug'{

kl//fv]sf] 5, To;df ;/sf/n] ;xh

jftfj/0f lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg'kg]{ xf] .

lgdf{0f If]q / nufgLQmf{ b'a} b]zs} cfly{s

ljsf;df ;kf]6{ l;:6dsf cfwf/ x'g\ eg]/

;/sf/n] klg ;xof]ufTds ;f]rsf ;fy

sfd ug]{ jftfj/0f agfOlbg'k5{ .

clxn] ;/sf/n] ;xhLs/0f ubf{ klg

lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] ;dod} 7]Ssf lnPsf

k"jf{wf/ ;DkGg gubf{ lgdf{0f If]q 7Kk eof],

k' FhLut vr{ gx' Fbf ahf/df k};f uPg eGg]

clg lgdf{0f Joj;foLx¿ e'QmfgL gkfPsf] /

;/sf/n] ;xhLs/0f u/]g eGb} cf/f]k–

k|Tof/f]k ub} { a:g] Û of] ljifodf bf]ifL sf] xf] <

xfdL lgdf{0f Joj;foL;Fu k|ToIf

hf]l8Psf xf]Ogf}F, t/ lgdf{0f If]q xfd|f] d'Vo

;/f]sf/sf] If]q ePsf] / glhsaf6

xfdLx¿n] lgofnL/fv]sf] x'gfn] olt eGg

;lsG5 ls o;df b'a} kIfsf] cf– cfkm\gf]

ts{ xf]nfg\ . t/, e'QmfgL ;dod} gx'Fbf To;n]

Joj;foL ;d:ofdf k/]sf eg] 5g\ . h:tf] M

lgdf{0f ;DkGg u/]sf] s'g} Ps Joj;foLn]

%) s/f]8 ¿k}ofF e'QmfgL ;dod} kfPg eg]

p;sf] lgdf{0f nfut a9\5 . w]/}n] a}+saf6

C0f lnP/ cfof]hgfdf nufgL ug]{ x'g\, ^

dlxgf, jif{ lbg;Dd klg e'QmfgL kfPg eg]

Joj;foLsf] nfut a9\5 . %) s/f]8sf]

Jofh a}+sdf ltg{ Joj;foLsf] nfut sxfF

k'U5 < Joj;foLn] C0f vf]h]/ k"jf{wf/

agfpg slxn];Dd ;S5g < e'QmfgL dfq

xf]Og eg]h:tf] lgdf{0f ;fdu|L gkfpg],;dod}

;fO6df sfd ug]{ jftfj/0f gaGg], hnljB't\

cfof]hgfx¿df ;a}eGbf w]/} jg / :yfgLosf]

;d:of cfO/xg] u5{g\, o:tf afWofTds

kl/l:yltx¿ cfO/xg] x'gfn] ;dod} k|f]h]S6

k"/f x'Fb}gg\ . k|f]h]S6 g} k"/f gu/]kl5 e'QmfgL

gkfpg] ljifo :jefljs xf] . o:tf]df sfd

ug]{nfO{ klg ;xh x'Fb}g, nfut t k"jf{g'dfg

u/]eGbf a9\g] g}b]lvG5 . o:tf]df /fHon] klg

;du| s'/fnfO{ ldnfP/ n}hfg ;Sg'k5{ .

;sf/fTds ¿kdf sfd ug]{ / e'QmfgL lbg]

jftfj/0f agfpFb} n}hfg] xf] eg] b'O{

kIfaLrsf] ;DaGw ;sf/fTds aGb} hfG5 .

kmf];{ u| 'kn] lgdf{0f If]qdf k|of]u x'g]

pks/0fx¿ sxfFaf6 NofpF5 <

xfdLn] ljut !& jif{b]lv k"jf{wf/

If]qdf cfjZos kg]{ lgdf{0f pks/0fx¿

laqmL ljt/0f ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5f}F . ;fgf,

demf}nf tyf 7"nf h'g;'s} k|sf/sf k"jf{wf/

lgdf{0f pks/0fx¿ xfdLn] ljZjahf/df

k|rlnt a|fG8x¿sf] oxfF cflwsfl/s¿kdf

laqmL ljt/0f, :k]o/ kf6{;\ / cfkm\6/ ;]N;

;le{; h:tf ;]jf lbFb} cfPsf 5f}F .

cd]l/sfsf] ;LPgPr, ;fpy sf]l/ofsf]

x'08fO{ Pe/8fog, ef/tsf] PnOPg6L,

chfS; OlGhgLol/ª h:tf sDkgL;Fu

;dGjo u/]/ ljz]ifu/L hnljB't\ / lgdf{0f

If]qsf gjLgtd k|ljlw / pks/0fx¿ xfdLn]

g]kfndf pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf 5f}F .

lgdf{0f ;fdu|L ljz]ifu/L 7"nf d]lzgx¿

/ ltgsf kf6{k"hf{ x]bf{ d]lzg t xf] lg

eg]h:tf] k/] klg lgs} g} dxTjk"0f{

;+j]bgzLn x'G5g\ . To;df k|ljlw / k|of]u ug]{

l;kn] e"ldsf v]N5 . To;df cfkm\6/ ;]N;

Aofscksf nflu /fd|f] ;le{; lbg]

k|fljlwsx¿, :k]o;{ kf6{x¿sf] df}Hbft /fd|f]

x'g}k5{ . xfdLn] To;sf nflu xfdLn] sfd

ul//fv]sf 5f}F .

lgdf{0f If]qdf gLltut Joj:yfsf

sf/0f ;d:ofx¿ a9]sf] lgdf{0f

Joj;foLx¿sf] u'gf;f] ;'lgG5, lgdf{0f

;fdu|L Nofpg] sDkgLn] klg r'gf}tLsf]

;fdgf ug' {kg] { cj:yf 5 <

xfdLn] w]/} g} r'gf}tLx¿sf] ;fdgf

ug'{kl//x]sf] cj:yf 5 . slt;Dd eg],

;fkm\6f, 8ANo"6Lcf]n] dfg]sf] xfd{gL sf]8

-xfn ToxL xfd{gL sf]8 g]kfndf eG;f/df

nfu" 5_ ePsf] d]l;g g]kfndf NofpFbf

eG;f/sf] Ps hfFr clwsf/Ln] d]l;gsf]

sf]8 dfGg ;lsFb}g uf8Lsf] sf]8df eG;f/

ltg'{k5{ elGbbf cGt/f{li6«o lgsfon] dfg]sf]

eGbf km/s xfd{gL sf]8df ab\n]/ eG;f/

ltg'{kg]{ jftfj/0f agfOof] . o:tf] x'Fbf h'g

lgdf{0f d]l;gdf eG;f/ sd nfUg'kg]{ lyof]

Ps clwsf/LnfO{ nfu]s} e/df xfdLn]

uf8Lsf] sf]8df eG;f/ lt/]/ d]l;g



lgsfNg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 .

To;sf] c;/ lgdf{0f Joj;foLdf nfut

yk eP/ uof] . ljZjn] dfg]sf] sf]8nfO{

eG;f/sf] Ps clwsf/Ln] gdfg]/ w]/} eG;f/

p7fpg ;lsG5 eGg] lgot /fVbf

6]Sgf]nf]lhnfO{ P8K6 gubf{ vfnL dnfO{ s/

w]/} p7\5 eGg] ;f]r /fv]/ dfq /fHo ;+oGqn]

sfd ug'{ ePg . o:tf] s]; kl//xG5g\ .

eG;f/ ljefu / cy{dGqfnonfO{ eGbf

eGbf xfdL yfs]/ a;]sf 5f}F . pxfFx¿

cbfntsf] lg0fo{ dfUg'x'G5, Pp6f sDkgLn]

dfq cbfnt slxn];Dd wfpg] < ;/sf/nfO{

;Demfpg ;lsPg, OSo'Kd]G6;\ Nofpg} k¥of]

ltg}{ gkg]{ cltl/Qm s/ afWotfdf ltb}{ ;fdfg

NofO/fv]sf 5f}F . of] xfdLx¿sf nflu

kL8fbfoL cj:yf xf] . xfd|f] nflu t o;n]

;'¿df nufgL w]/} ug'{k¥of] eGg] dfq xf] t/,

To;sf] c;/ l;w} sGh'd/nfO{ kl//fv]sf]

5 . ;/sf/n] sxfFaf6 /fh:j a9L p7fpg

;lsG5 eGg] lx;fjn] xf]Og k|ljlwsf] If]qdf

ePsf kl/jt{gaf/] a'em]/, ljZjdf s:tf gLlt

cjnDag ul/Fb} cfPsf] 5, To; cg';f/

b]zsf] gLlt tyf sfg"g agfpg'k¥of] .

lgdf{0f If]q ;/sf/, Joj;foL /

sfdbf/sf] dfq xf]Og, xfdL ;a}sf] ;femf

bfloTj xf] . b]zsf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf; /fd|f] xf];\

ljsf;n] ult lng'k5{ eGg] wf/0ff cfd

gful/ssf] x'G5, ;f]xL cg';f/ ;]jf k|jflxt

x'g] xf] . s'g} :yfgdf :s"n agfOof] eg] k|of]u

ug]{ xfd|} afnaflnsfn] xf], b]zdf Pp6f

Pc/kf]6{ aGof] eg] To;sf] k|of]u ;a}n] u5{g,

ToxfF Joj;foLn] cj;/ kfpF5g\ .

b]zsf] s'g} 7fpFdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] /fd|f]

;8s k"jf{wf/n] xfdLnfO{ g} ef]nL ;xhtf

lbg] xf] . Pp6f k|f]h]S6n] To;If]qsf

:yfgLon] dfq nfe lng] xf]Og, k|f]h]S6df

hf]l8P/ sfd ug]{ sfdbf/b]lv ;8s k|of]u

ug]{x¿ / ;du| b]zsf] cj:yfdf ;sf/fTds

kl/jt{g u/fpg d2t k'U5 . To;}n] of] If]q

lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] tTsfnLg gfkmf /

3f6f;Fu dfq ;DalGwt geP/ jiff}{F;Dd

cfd gful/sn] nfe lng] 7fpF klg xf] .

To;}n] lgdf{0f If]qdf ;/sf/ / ;a}sf]

bfloTj 5, ;/sf/n] k|fyldstfdf

/fVg'k5{ . ;/sf/n] Ifdtf cg';f/

k"jf{wf/df nufgL a9fpg'k5{ . ca cfpg]

ah]6df oL s'/fsf] ;Daf]wg x'g'k5{ . lgdf{0f

If]qdf nufgL a9]dfq k"jf{wf/ ljsf;n]

ult lng] xf] .

lgdf{0f ;Knfo;{sf] 7"nf] Rofn]Gh

eg]sf] pwf/f]df ul/g] Aofkf/ xf] . clxn]

lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] w]/} 7"nf k|f]h]S6 lnP/

a;]sf 5g\, pgLx¿nfO{ sfd ug{ d]l;g/L

;fdu|Lsf] cfjZostf k5{, Sof; e'QmfgL ug{

;Sb}gg\ yf]/}df sfd rnfpFbf k"/} e'QmfgLsf]

rqm g} lalu|Psf] 5 .

sDkgLsf] cfufdL /0fgLlts of]hgf s]

s:tf 5g\ <

xfdLn] sG;6«S;g If]qdf cfjZos

gjLgtd k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t OSo'Kd]G6;x¿

leq\ofpg] kIfdf g} hf]8 lbP/ sfd ug]{ xf] .

xfO8«f]sf] If]qdf klg w]/} sfdx¿ e}/x]sf 5g\ .

lgs} Rofn]lGhª lgdf{0fx¿ 5g\ . xfO8«f]sf

nflu Aofl:6«ª ug' {k¥of] eg] To;sf nflu

cfjZos OSo'Kd]G6;b]lv Aofl:6ªsf nflu

cfjZos ;fdu|Ldf k|fljlws k|zf;lgs

hl6ntfx¿ 5g\, To;sf] cN6/g]l6edf s] lbg

;S5f}F xfdLn] To;sf nflu cfjZos kxn

ub}{ 5f}F . g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f If]q ;'xfpFbf] gofF

k|ljlwdf lgld{t lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] ;xh

pknAwtf u/fP/ ljsf; lgdf{0fdf ;kf]6{ u/L

xfdL /fd|f] sDkgL aGg] xf] .

b]z ;a}n] ldn]/ agfP dfq /fd|f] aG5,

/fd|f] b]zsf] d]?b08 ef}lts k"jf{wf/ xf] .

;u/dfyf cfkm}+ aGof] t/, ToxfF;Dd k'Ug]

;8s k"jf{wf/ /fHon] agfOlbPkl5 ko{6s

k'Ug] x'g\ . b]zdf clxn] k|z:t /f]huf/L

l;h{gf ug{ ;Sg] Psdfq If]q k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f

g} xf] . /fhgLlts g]t[Tjn] klg of] If]qnfO{

kmf]s; ug'{k5{ . g]kfndf cfjZostfsf]

cfwf/df k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ePs} 5}gg\ . ;8s

k"jf{wf/df w]/} sfd eO/x]sf 5g\\, hlt x'g'kg]{

xf] Tof] ultdf ePsf] 5}g . o;sf] dtna

sfd g} gePsf] eGg] rflxF xf]Og .

g]K;] cgnfOg 6« ]l8ª l;:6d (NOTS) dfkm{t z]o/ vl/b/laqmL ubf{ lgDg

s'/fx¿df hfgsf/L /fVg x'g NEPSE ;Dk"0f{ nufgLstf{df cg'/f]w ub{5 M

‣ g]K;]sf] ;b:otfk|fKt lwtf]kq bnfn sDkgL÷zfvfaf6 g6\; k|of]u ug{sf nflu o'h/g]d (USER NAME) / kf;j8{

(PASSWORD) lgMz'Ns k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . lwtf]kq bnfn sDkgLx¿sf] gfd, 7]ufgf / kmf]g gDa/ g]K;]sf] j]a;fO6

www.nepalstock.com df pknAw 5 .

‣ nufgLstf{nfO{ a|f]s/ tyf g]K;]sf] k|0ffnLdf hf]8\g] dfWod l6PdP; xf] h;af6 nufgLstf{n] vl/b tyf laqmL cfb]z k|lji6

u/fpg ;S5g\ . k|lji6 ul/Psf] cfb]zsf] x/]s cj:yfsf] hfgsf/L Order Book df uO{ k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 .

‣ cgnfOg o'h/n] a|f]s/ dfkm{t jf cfkm}n] vl/b ljqmL cfb]z k|ljli6 u/L sf/f]jf/ ug{ ;S5g\ .

‣ nufgLstf{sf] Pp6f lxtu|fxL vftfnfO{ a|f]s/;Fu vf]lnPsf] Pp6f sf/f]af/ vftf;Fu dfq cfj¢ u/]kl5 g6\;df sf/f]af/ ug{

;lsG5 . /fkm;fkm tyf km5\of}{6 ;DjGwL sfo{ ;d]t o;}af6 x'G5 .

‣ sf/f]af/ ug{sf] nflu u|fxsn] cfkm\gf] a|f]s/;Fu lwtf] hDdf ug{'k5{ . lwtf] hDdf u/]sf] cfwf/df a|f]s/n] nufgLstf{nfO{ sf/f]af/

;Ldf (Trading Limit) k|bfg u5{g ;f]xL sf/f]af/ ;Ldfsf] clwgdf sf/f]jf/ ug{ ;lsG5 .

‣ sf/f]af/ ;Ldf tyf lwtf]kq vl/b kl5sf] /fkm;fkm tyf km5\of}{6 sfo{sf nflu l6PdP;af6 lSnol/ª a}+ssf] e-Banking

Portal df uO{ nufgLstf{n] a|f]s/sf] Account df Fund/Collateral Transfer ug{ ;S5g\ . g]kfn lSnol/Ë xfp;

lnld6]8;Fu cfj4 a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 klg of] ;'ljwf lng ;lsG5 .

‣ lwtf]kq laqmL kZrft www.meroshare.cdsc.com.np dfkm{t MY EDIS vf]nL Transfer share ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 .

o;/L Transfer share u/] kZrft dfq lwtf]kqsf] /fkm;fkm ug{ ;Dej x'G5 .

g]kfn :6s PS;r]~h ln=

o'PgcfO{ zflGt dfu{, eb|sfnL, sf7df8f} + .





k|bLkdfg zfSo M g]kfnL sk8fdf

snf / cfTdf eg] { lzNkL Û

sf7df8f} +sf] emlD;v]ndf /x]sf] ;fgf]

k;n …h'h' j]/Ú ;fob w]/}sf] gh/df kg{

;s]sf] 5}g . t/, ;fgf] 7fpFaf6 ljZj

ahf/;Dd g]kfnL sk8fsf] a|fl08ª / lgof{t

eO/x]sf] 5 eg]kl5 k|bLkdfgsf] syfdf ;a}n]

Wofg lbg}k5{ . k|bLkdfg zfSosf] kfl/jfl/s

k[i7e"ld Jofkfl/s g} xf] . ;g\ !(() sf]

bzsdf, g]kfndf ufd]{G6 pBf]un] lj:tf/ lnFb}

ubf{ pgn] ;fyL;Fu} ufd]{G6 Joj;fodf kfOnf

6]s] . ;'¿df of] If]qaf/] vf;} 1fg lyPg, t/

cg'ej;Fu} l;k a9\b} uof] . …UofkÚ, …jfndf6{Ú

h:tf cGt/f{li6«o a|fG8sf] nflu pTkfbg ubf{

pgn] g]kfnsf] km\ofS6«L k|0ffnL, pTkfbg:t/ /

u'0f:t/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08 l;s] .

ToxL a]nf g]kfnn] ufd]{G6df cGt/f{li6«o :t/df

/fd|f] pkl:ylt agfO/x]sf] lyof] .

Joj;fo 8'a]sf] If0f, km]l/ pefl/Psf]

ofqf

t/ syf ;w}+ Psgf;sf] x'Fb}g . sf]6fsf]

cGTo, ablnFbf] /fhgLlts cj:yf / ljZj

ahf/sf] dfudf cfPsf] lu/fj6sf sf/0f

g]kfnL ufd]{G6 pBf]u PsfPs 7Kk eof] .

k|bLkdfg eG5g\, …Tof] ;do cFWof/f] h:t}

lyof], 8fs{ km]h g} .Ú t/ oyfy{af6 xf/

vfFb}gg\ pgL . cd]l/sL SnfOG6;Fu ;xsfo{

ub}{ pgn] kfFr jif{;Dd pgLx¿sf] nflu

l8hfOg / pTkfbgdf sfd u/] . log}

cg'ejn] cfh pgnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf]

k|fljlws 1fg lbof] . ;g\ !((% df pgn]

cfkm\g} pTkfbg ;'¿ ug]{ lg0f{o u/] .

eQmk'/af6 ;'¿ u/]/ hfkfgsf] cf];fsf k'Ubf,

g]kfnL sk8fsf] snfTdstf / u'0f:t/n]

ToxfFsf u|fxsnfO{ rlst agfof] . Ps

hfkfgL SnfOG6sf] ;fgf] c8{/n] qmdzM

hfkfg, Sofg8f / hd{gL;Dd k'Uof] . otf

g]kfnsf] Aofkf/df klg a9\b} nflhDkf6 /

7d]ndf klg k;n v'n] .

g]kfnL snfsf] ;'uGw;Fu} km]zg

pgn] agfpg] sk8fdf g]kfnL snf,

;+:s[lt, k|s[lt / rf8kj{sf] emNsf] b]lvG5 .

h'h' j]o/sf l6–z6{x¿df …td;f]df hf]lt{udoÚ

h:tf :nf]ug, a'4sf] bz{g emNsfpg] p4/0f

jf lxdfn / dlGb/sf cfs[ltx¿ ;lhG5g\ .

pgsf] gf/f g} 5, …uj{sf ;fy nufpg';\ .Ú

l:j6\h/Nof08b]lv hfkfg;Dd

pgsf SnfOG6 5g\ . sltko

g]kfnL pTkfbgsf] d"No a'‰g]

ljb]zL Joj;foLx¿ g} pgsf]

pTkfbg b]z–b]zdf laqmL

ub} {5g\ . pgL eG5g\, …xfdLn]

agfpg] sk8f ;fdfGoh:tf] nfu]

klg To;sf] l8hfOg / snf g}

xfd|f] an xf] .Ú pgL g]kfnnfO{

…lxdfnog cf6{ xaÚsf] ¿kdf

b]Vg rfxG5g\ . kf6gsf uNnL,

ljxf/, dlGb/ / yfDdf n's]sf]

snf pgn] sk8fdf ptf/]/

ljZj ahf/df k'¥ofpg] ;kgf

af]s]sf 5g\ .

…xfdL sk8fdfkm{t g]kfnL snfnfO{ af]Ng]

agfpg] k|of; u5f}{F,Ú pgL eG5g\, …Ps lsl;dn]

xfdL snf / ;+:s[lt klg lgof{t ul//x]sf

5f}F .Ú pgsf l8hfOgx¿nfO{ ljz]if u/L

ljb]zdf a:g] g]kfnLx¿n] dg k/fPsf 5g\ .

pgLx¿ g]kfnLkgsf] efj, ToxfFsf] Sjfln6L

:6\ofG88{ / Unf]an l8hfOg ;]G;aLrsf]

;ld>0f vf]lh/x]sf x'G5g\ .

…s?0ffÚ / …h'h'Ú–b'O{ b[li6sf]0f

pgn] ;g\ !((& df ;'¿ u/]sf] a|fG8

…s?0ffÚ n] x]Dk, AofDaf] / v2/ h:tf

k|fs[lts / cuf{lgs sk8fnfO{ cfwf/

agfP/ o'/f]k / hfkfgdf ;zQm pkl:ylt

agfof] . ToxL cjlwdf pgn] l6–z6{ a|fG8

…h'h' j]/Ú klg ;'¿ u/], hf] snfTds lk|G6 /

;Gb]zdf s]lGb|t 5 . …h'h'Ú ljz]ifu/L o'jf

k':tfnfO{ nlIft ul/Psf] 5, hxfF km];g;Fu}

ljrf/sf] ;dfj]z 5 .

38



:jb]zL sk8fsf] k'ghf{u/0f

g]kfnd} pTkflbt sRrf kbfy{sf] k|of]u,

g]kfnd} agfOPsf] l8hfOg, clg g]kfnL

ahf/nfO{ g} nIo ub}{ pgn] pTkfbg a9fP .

pgL eG5g\, …g]kfndf clxn] …d]8 Og g]kfnÚ

sf] d"No a9]sf] 5, ljz]ifu/L o'jfx¿df .

pgLx¿ g]kfnL pTkfbgnfO{ uj{;fy cª\ufNg

yfn]sf 5g\ .Ú sf]/f]gfn] s]xL c;/ kf/]sf] eP

klg ahf/ la:tf/ x' Fb} uPsf] pgsf] egfO 5 .

ljZj ahf/df g]kfnL klxrfg

l:j6\h/Nof08b]lv hfkfg;Dd pgsf

SnfOG6 5g\ . sltko g]kfnL pTkfbgsf] d"No

a'‰g] ljb]zL Joj;foLx¿ g} pgsf] pTkfbg

b]z–b]zdf laqmL ub}{5g\ . pgL eG5g\, …xfdLn]

agfpg] sk8f ;fdfGoh:tf] nfu] klg To;sf]

l8hfOg / snf g} xfd|f] an xf] .Ú pgL

g]kfnnfO{ …lxdfnog cf6{ xaÚsf] ¿kdf b]Vg

rfxG5g\ . kf6gsf uNnL, ljxf/, dlGb/ /

yfDdf n's]sf] snf pgn] sk8fdf ptf/]/

ljZj ahf/df k'¥ofpg] ;kgf af]s]sf 5g\ .

k|bLkdfg zfSosf] syf Pp6f sk8f

pBdLsf] dfq xf]Og, of] Pp6f ;+:s[ltjfxssf]

klg syf xf] . pgsf] ofqfdf b'Mv, hf]lvd /

k'gMlgdf{0fsf] 5fofF 5, t/ ;Fu} 5 cl8u

c7f]6 . g]kfnL sk8fnfO{ s]jn Pp6f n'uf

xf]Og, Pp6f lrgf/L agfpg] ;kgf b]Vg]

k|bLkdfg zfSo clxn] klg cfkm}+ l8hfOgdf

nfluk/]sf 5g\ . pgsf l8hfOgx¿df b]lvg]

g]kfnL cfTdf / cGt/f{li6«o cfTdljZjf;sf]

ld>0f g]kfnL pBdzLntfsf] Pp6f pTs[i6

pbfx/0f alg/x]sf] 5 .



g]kfnL dftflktfsf] e/f];fsf]

csf] { gfd ;jf] {Qd ln6f]

g]kfndf dft[Tjsf] efjgf dfq xf]Og,

aRrfsf] x]/rfx / kf]if0fdf klg

cleefjsx¿ cToGt ;hu /xG5g\ .

;Gtfgsf] klxnf] cfxf/ :j:y, ;'kfRo /

kf]if0fo'Qm x'g' clgjfo{ dflgG5 . xfd|f]

k/Dk/fut cfxf/ k|0ffnLdf lzz'x¿nfO{ 3/d}

agfOg] ln6f] v'jfpg] rng 5 . xfd|f

xh'/cfdf / cfdfx¿n] cfˆgf ;GtfgnfO{

3/d} agfPsf] kf}li6s ln6f] v'jfpg] k/Dk/f

nfdf] ;dob]lv rNb} cfPsf] 5 .

t/ cfw'lgs hLjgz}nL / ;do

cefjn] ubf{ 3/d} agfpg] ln6f]sf] k/Dk/f

qmdzM x/fpFb} uof] . oxL cfjZostf a'em]/,

g]kfnL dftflktfnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo, ;'/lIft /

kf}li6s cfxf/ pknAw u/fpg] p2]Zon]

hlGdPsf] xf], ;jf]{Qd ln6f] .

Ps ;do lyof], ha g]kfnL

cleefjsx¿ cfˆgf ;fgf gfgLafa'sf

nflu ljb]zL a|fG8sf a]aL km'8x¿ vf]Hg

afWo x'Gy] . tL pTkfbgx¿ g t g]kfnL

:jfbcg';f/ x'Gy], g t xfd|f] ef}uf]lns tyf

;f+:s[lts kl/j]zcg's"n . o:t} cefjnfO{

a'‰b}, lj=;+= @)%# -;g\ !((&_ df

aLPn;L Og So"d]G6 km"8 k|flnn] ;jf]{Qd

ln6f] sf] ;'¿jft u¥of]—Ps z'4,

:jf:Yoj4{s / g]kfnL :jfbcg'¿k tof/

ul/Psf] kf]lifnf] cfxf/ . k/Dk/fut g]kfnL

ln6f]sf] ;':jfb' :jfb, kf}li6Qmf;Fu} cfw'lgs

pTkfbg k|ljlwsf] ;+of]hg ub}{, o;n] nfvf}F

g]kfnL cleefjsx¿sf] dg lhTg ;kmn

eof] . ;jf]{Qd ln6f] cfh gfgLafa'b]lv

j[4j[4f;Ddsf] /f]hfO aGb}, :j:y

hLjgz}nLsf] kof{o ag]sf] 5 . g]kfnL :jfb,

k/Dk/f / kf]if0fsf] Ps cb\e't ;+of]hgsf

¿kdf o;n] g]kfnL kl/jf/sf] efG;fdf

cfˆgf] cleGg :yfg agfO;s]sf] 5 .

;jf]{Qd ln6f] s]jn :jfbdf dfq

pTs[i6 5}g, of] cfdfafa'sf] dfof /

;Gtfgsf] :j:y eljiok|lt xfd|f]

k|lta4tfsf] k|tLs xf] . pTkfbgx¿

ljZj:t/Lo u'0f:t/ dfkb08 cg';f/ lgld{t

/x]sf] 5 . h;n] x/]s rDrf ln6f];Fu kf]if0f,

;'/Iff / ljZjf;sf] Uof/]G6L lbG5 . ;Gtfgsf]

;'b[9 j[l4 / ljsf;sf nflu xf] . x/]s

Kofs]6nfO{ u'0f:t/sf] s7f]/ k/LIf0faf6 kf/

ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 .

;jf]{Qd ln6f] gDa/ ! x'g'sf] sf/0f

o;sf] ljlzi6 pTkfbg k|lqmof, pRr u'0f:t/

/ g]kfnL kl/jf/sf nflu ljz]if¿kdf tof/

kfl/Psf] kf]if0fo'Qm tTj xf] . g]kfnd} pTkfbg

ePsf] o; ln6f]df s'g} klg xflgsf/s

s]ldsn jf ;+/Ifs kbfy{ k|of]u ul/Psf] 5}g,

h;n] lzz'x¿sf] :jf:YonfO{ ;'/lIft

/fV5 . ljb]zL a|fG8x¿;Fu t'ngf ubf{

u'0f:t/df cAan /xFb} lskmfotL;d]t

ePsfn] cfd g]kfnL cleefjssf] klxnf]

5gf]6 aGg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . le6fldg,

SoflN;od, cfO/g, k|f]l6g, sfaf]{xfO6]8

h:tf cTofjZos kf]ifs tQ\jx¿n] el/k"0f{

o; ln6f] g]kfnL lzz'x¿sf] cfxf/cg';f/

agfOPsf] 5, h;n] ;lhn} kfrg x'g] /

;Gt'lnt kf]if0f k|bfg ug]{ ljz]iftf af]s]sf]

5 . of] s]jn cfxf/ dfq xf]Og, xfd|f



xh'/cfdfn] ;Gtfgsf nflu agfpg] 3/fo;L

kf}li6s vfgfh:t} k|]d, ljZjf;, / k/Dk/fsf]

;ld>0f xf] .

;jf]{Qd ln6f] :j:y z/L/ / dfgl;s

ljsf;sf nflu plQs} k|efjsf/L 5 . o;n]

lzz'x¿sf] x•L, df+;k]zL, :gfo' k|0ffnL tyf

dl:tis ljsf;df ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5 .

k|fs[lts tTjx¿sf sf/0f kfrg k|0ffnLnfO{

dha't agfpg d2t u5{, h;n] k]6nfO{

xNsf / cf/fdbfos cg'e"lt lbG5 . /f]u

k|lt/f]wfTds Ifdtf a9fpg] o; ln6f]n]

aRrfx¿nfO{ :j:y /fVg dxQ\jk"0f{ e"ldsf

v]N5 . z/L/nfO{ cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ kf]ifs

tQ\jx¿ k|bfg ub}{ bL3{sfnLg :jf:Yo nfe

lbg' o;sf] d'Vo ljz]iftf xf] .

;jf]{Qd ln6f] s]jn :jf:Yosf nflu

dfq geO{ g]kfnL ;dfh / cy{tGqsf nflu

klg nfebfos 5 . g]kfnL ls;fgsf]

d]xgt, g]kfnL pBdzLntfsf] k|ltlaDa, /

g]kfnL dftflktfsf] uj{ o; pTkfbgdf

;d]l6Psf] 5 . :yfgLo pTkfbgnfO{ k|j4{g

ub}{ o;n] ljb]zL cfoft k|lt:yfkgdf

dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf] 5 . sRrf

kbfy{ g]kfnL ls;fgx¿d}qL gLltcg';f/

vl/b ul/Psfn] pgLx¿sf] cfDbfgLdf j[l4

x'g'sf ;fy} :jb]zL pTkfbgsf] d"No lj:tf/

ug{ d2t ldn]sf] 5 . ;fy}, g]kfnL

pBf]unfO{ k|j4{g ub}{ xhf/f}F g]kfnLx¿nfO{

/f]huf/L l;h{gf u/L pgLx¿sf]

lhljsf]kfh{gdf of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf] 5 .

:jb]zd} u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbg pknAw u/fpFb}

b]zsf] cfTdlge{/tfnfO{ alnof] agfpg]

xfd|f] nIo xf], h;df ;jf]{Qd ln6f]n] 7f];

e"ldsf v]ln/x]sf] 5 .

ljb]zL pTkfbgeGbf ;:tf], kf]if0fo'Qm,

;'kfRo, ;'/lIft clg g]kfnL :jfbo'Qm eP/

g} ;jf]{Qd ln6f] ahf/df ;a}eGbf a9L laqmL

x'g] a]aL km'8 ag]sf] 5 . ahf/df ;]/]n]s

h:tf cGt/f{li6«o a|fG8x¿ k|lt:kwf{df 5g\,

t/ g]kfnL cleefjsx¿sf] klxnf] /f]hfO

cem} klg ;jf]{Qd ln6f] g} 5 . o;sf] d'Vo

sf/0f u'0f:t/, d"No, clg g]kfnL

afnaflnsfsf] :jf:Yo cfjZostf;Fu d]n

vfg] pTkfbg k|lqmof xf] .

eljiosf of]hgfx¿cGtu{t, sDkgLn]

gofF :jfb / pRr u'0f:t/sf pTkfbgx¿

ljsf; ub}{ g]kfnL a]aL km'8 pBf]unfO{ gofF

prfOdf k'¥ofpg] nIo /fV5f}F . cGt/f{li6«o

ahf/df g]kfnL pTkfbgsf] kx'Fr lj:tf/ ub}{,

gjLgtd\ k|ljlw tyf cg';Gwfgdfkm{t cem

kf]lifnf] / ;'/lIft a]aL km'8 lgdf{0f ug]{ xfd|f]

k|fyldstf x'g]5 . ;fy}, ;fdflhs

pQ/bfloTj cGtu{t, afn kf]if0f sfo{qmdx¿

;~rfng u/L cfdfa'af / cleefjsnfO{

;r]t u/fpg] tyf :j:y eljio lgdf{0fdf

of]ubfg lbg] p2]Zo /fv]sf 5f}F .

afnaflnsfsf] kf]if0f eg]sf] s]jn

vfgf v'jfpg] ljifo dfq xf]Og, of] t

Pp6f k':tfsf] enfO;Fu ;DalGwt 5 .

g]kfnL cfdfafa'n] cfˆgf ;Gtfgsf]

eljio ;'/lIft agfpg s'g} ;Demf}tf ug{

rfxFb}gg\ . To;}n], ha s'/f aRrfsf]

klxnf] cfxf/sf] cfpF5, ;jf]{Qd ln6f] g}

;a}sf] klxnf] /f]hfO x'G5 . g]kfnd}

pTkfbg ePsf], ;Gtfgsf] :jf:Yok|lt

;dlk{t, clg g]kfnL cy{tGqnfO{ alnof]

agfpg] of] a|fG8 cfh nfvf}F kl/jf/sf]

ljZjf; lhTg ;kmn ePsf] 5 .



;/sf/sf] cg]sy/L gLltn]

xfd|f] s[lif If]q ynf k/]sf] 5

e/t/fh 9sfn

k|aGw lgb] {zs, d'lQmgfy s[lif sDkgL

d'lQmgfy ljsf; a} +ssf] pTs[i6 ;kmntfkl5 @)&% ;fndf d'lQmgfy ;d"xn] Ps sbd cl3 a9\b} d'lQmgfy s[lif

sDkgLsf] :yfkgf u¥of] . ()! hgf ;+:yfks ;b:ox¿sf] ;lqmotfdf :yfkgf ul/Psf] sDkgLn] 5f]6f] ;dod} s[lif

If]qdf 5'§} klxrfg agfpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . sl/a @) jif{eGbf a9L a} +lsª If]qaf6 pTs[i6 ;kmntf xfl;n ul/;s]sf

e/t/fh 9sfn olta]nf d'lQmgfy s[lif ljsf; sDkgLsf k|aGws lgb] {zs 5g\ . sDkgLdfkm{t s[lif If]qsf] ;'wf/ /

:jb]zdf /f]huf/ s;/L l;h{Gff u/fpg ;lsG5 eg]/ 9sfn sDd/ s;]/ nfluk/]sf 5g\ . of] sDkgLn] cl3 ;f/]sf]

s[lif nufgL bzssf] tof/L, s[lifsf] cfw'lgsLs/0f / sDkgLn] lnPsf] gLlt / casf] ;Defjgfsf] ;Gbe{df /x]/

9sfn;Fu skf]{/]6 ;dfrf/sf nflu ef]h/fh e08f/Ln] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;Dkflbs c+zM

g]kfnsf] s[lifnfO{ x]g] { ;/sf/sf] gh/

Psflt/ 5g\, xfd|f gLlt csf] {lt/ 5, clg hlt

klg s[lif pTkfbg eO/x]sf] 5 Tof] cs} { 9ª\un]

eO/x]sf] 5, tl/sf ldn]sf] 5}g . o;}u/L

rln/x]sf] 5 bzsf} + eO;Sof] . g]kfnsf] s[lif

If]qnfO{ tkfO{ +n]rflxF s;/L x]g' {ePsf] 5 .

clxn] hlt klg s[lif sd{x¿ ePsf 5g\

lt Psflt/ / /fHon] lng] s[lif gLlt csf]{tkm{

kmls{Psf] 5 . pTkfbg / ahf/sf] klg tfnd]n

5}g . o;/L rf/}lt/ kmls{Psf] gLltnfO{ xfdLn]

sDkgLdfkm{t hf]8]/ Ps} lbzfdf kmsf{pg]u/L

sfd u/]sf 5f}F . ;d:of sxfF ePsf] xf], Pp6f

ls;fgn] pTkfbg u/]sf] s'g} a:t'nfO{ ;xh

¿kdf pkef]Qmf;Fu s;/L k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 eg]/

xfdLn] To;sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg klxrfg

u/]sf 5f}F .

xfd|f] s[lif k|0ffnLsf] d'Vo ;d:of eg]sf]

;'¿df sxfF, s] pTkfbg, s:tf] pTkfbg / s;/L

pTkfbg eGg] k|Zg cfpF5 . xfdLn] To;sf]

klxrfg u/]sf 5f}F, pTkfbgkl5sf] ahf/nfO{

hf]8\g] sfd bf];|f] dxTjk"0f{ s'/f x'g cfpF5 .

xfdLn] u/]sf] / ug{ vf]h]sf] eg]sf] ;xL

:yfgdf plrt pTkfbg, ahf/ / pkef]Qmf;Fu

s;/L hf]8\g ;lsG5 To;nfO{ hf]8 lbPsf

5f}F . xfdL;Fu gLlt gePsf xf]Ogg\ . t/, o:tf

gLlt 5g\ h'g gLltsf] ef/Ln] lylrP/ s[lif If]q

yn} k/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/nfO{ klg xfdLn]

cgfjZos gLltx¿ x6fP/ rflxg] / cfjZos

gLlt dfq /fVg'k5{ eg]sf 5f}F .

sDkgLdfkm{t 5l/Psf gLltnfO{ PsLs[t



u/L To;sf] klxrfg u/]/ cl3 a9]sf 5f}F .

;ftj6} k|b]zdf To;sf nflu cfjZos bIf

k|fljlws hgzlQm, ;+3;+:yfsf] Joj:yf u/]sf

5f}F . o;/L lghL If]q u}/–;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿n]

o;af6 cWog u/]/ sfdx¿ eO/x]sf 5g\ .

gLlt agfpg] lgdf{tfx¿nfO{ klg xfd|f s[lifsf

ljBdfg ;d:of, bL3{sfnLg gLltsf ;Gbe{df

lj:t[t atfPsf 5f}F . cg';Gwfg ug]{ p2]Zo

cg';f/ xfdLn] kxf8sf nflu #% /f]kgL

-:ofª\hf_ / t/fO{sf nflu @)) /f]kgL

-lrtjg_ hUufdf l/;r{ ;]G6/ rnfPsf 5f}F .

o;df xfdLn] cWoog g} u/]/ gLlt agfpg]nfO{

hf]8]/, s[lifsf ofjt\ ;d:ofx¿sf] klxrfg

u/]sf 5f}F . s[lifdf nufgL ug]{ lghL If]qx¿

cfpg ;Sg' ePsf] 5}g . ;a} If]qdf lghL If]qdf

k'u]sf 5g\, t/ s[lifdf k'u]sf] b]lvFb}g . of] 5f]6f]

;dodf gfkmf cfh{g ug{ ;lsFb}g, ;do nfU5

t/, bL3{sfnLg d'gfkmf eg] lbG5 . To;}n]

;/sf/n] s[lifdf nufgL a9fpg / cfufdL

bzsdf lghL If]qnfO{ s[lifdf nufgL a9fpg

;s]df of] bz jif{df s[lifdf Pp6f gofF km8\sf]

dfg]{df ljZjf; 5 .

tkfO{ Fx¿sf] sDkgLn] s[lif If]qsf !) j6f

If]qx¿ g} 5'6\ofP/ To;df sfd ub} { cfO/x]sf]

5 . ljz]ifu/L] s'g If]q a9L k|efjsf/L

b]lvPsf] 5 <

s[lif If]qnfO{ a'em\g sfd ug{ ;lhnf] xf];\

eg]/ s[lif If]qsf ;Defljt bzj6f If]qnfO{

cfwf/ dfg]/ clxn] xfdLn] sfd u/]sf 5f}F .

xfdLn] sDkgL :yfkgf u/]kl5 ljlEfGg s[lifsf

ljleGg If]qdf sfd u/]sf s[ifsx¿ xfdL;Fu

hf]l8P/ sfd ug]{ OR5f hgfpg'x'GYof] . To;}n]

aLplahgsf] If]qdf, kz'kIfL, s[lif, g;{/L, dn,

hnjfo'nufot If]qdf sfd ubf{ s[lifsf ;a} /

s[ifsn] ug]{ ;a} hf]8]sf 5f}F . o;df sfd ug{

;lhnf] x'G5, gLlt 5'6ofpg / agfpg ;lhnf]

u5{ eg]/ of] vfnsf] cEof; u/]sf xf}F . of] If]q

5'6\ofP/ sfd ubf{ klxrfg klg eof], ;+:yfn]

u/]sf] sfd klg 5'l§G5, ;a}nfO{ Pp6} 8fnf]df

xfNg' eGbf klg km/s–km/s 5'6\ofPsf xf}F .

km/s–km/s !) j6f sDkgL agfP/ ;~rfns

;ldlt;Dd 5'§} agfP/ cl3 a9]sf xf}F .

xfdLn] b'O{j6f sDkgLsf] aLp

…kml6{nfOh/Úsf] cfO{kLcf] g} lgsfNg] k|lqmof

cl3 a9fO;s]sf 5f}F . of] sfd s]xL ;doleq}

x' Fb}5 . lt !) sDkgLdWo] & j6f sDkgL

pTkfbg / pBf]udf hfG5g\ . Pp6f 6]«l8ª sDkgL

5, To;n] ef]ln ;d'bfodf k'u]/ k|lzIf0f

tflnd lbg]b]lv g]kfnaflx/ b]zdf pTkflbt

j:t'nfO{ s;/L k'¥ofpg] / eO/x]sf] dfs]{6

…UofkÚnfO{ hf]8\g] eGg] ljifodf k"nsf] sfd

u5{ . oL ;a} s'g} g s'g} ¿kdf Pscfk;df

hf]l8Psf 5g\ . o;df xfdLn] sfd u/]sf 5f}F .

clxn]sf] o'jf k':tf cuf{lgs v]tLtkm{ klg

cfslif{t 5g\ . csf] {tkm{ xfd|f] s[lif k|0ffnLleq

cfoftnfO{ k|lt:yfkg ug{sf nflu xfOla|8df

klg plQs} hf]8 lbg'k/]sf] 5 . clxn] s[ifsx¿

klg cGof]ndf 5g\, cuf{lgsdf cfsif{0f x'g] ls

a9L pTkfbg ug] { xfOla|8df nfUg] sDkgLsf]

d'Vo e"ldsf s]df xf] <

oxfFlg/ b'j} s'/f /fd|f x'g\ . s[lif If]qsf]

ljsf; / lj:tf/df oL b'a}sf] e"ldsf clt

cfjZos 5 / rflxG5 klg . d'Vo s'/f t

nufgL / d"Nod} cfpg] xf] . cuf{lgs pTkfbgdf

nufgL / ;do w]/} nfU5, To;sf] ahf/ d"No

klg dxª\uf] x'G5 . t/, ;Sg]n] t cuf{lgs km"8

dfu u/]sf 5g\ . clxn] t ljZjd} o;sf] dfu

a9L 5 . xfdLn] dfu cg';f/sf] pTkfbg a9fP/

lj:tf/ ug' {k5{ .

o;}u/L, xfOa|L8 pTkfbgsf] klg dfu klg

clws 5 . ;fdfGo /sd sdfP/ hLjgofkg

ug]{ Ps tKsfnfO{ ahf/ d"Non] a9\bf c;xh

eO/x]sf] 5 . dxª\uf] km'8 ;w}+ ckmf]8{ ug{

;Sb}gg\ . xfOa|L8 pTkfbgn] pgLx¿nfO{ dfq

xf]Og pTkfbgsf] cfFs8fnfO{ klg t ;Gt'ng ug]{

sfo{ u/]sf] 5 . t/, xfdLn] Nofpg] clwsf+z

aLp aflx/af6 cfPsf] x'G5 . cfkm\g} b]zsf] aLp

xf]Ogg\ . To;}n] xfOa|L8 aLp g]kfnd} pTkfbg

ug' {k5{ . To;sf nflu xfdLnfO{ ;/sf/n]

nfO;]G; lbPsf] 5 . xfdLn] t/sf/L / vfBfGg

afnLsf] aLp pTkfbg u5f}{F . t/, oxfF klg

xfdLn] xfOa|L8 / cuf{lgs b'j} s'/fnfO{ ;Fu}

n}hfg'k5{ . clxn] xfdL xtf]T;flxt eP/

l5d]sL d'n's ef/t;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sb}gf}F

eg]/ h;/L a;]sf 5f}F, b]zd} /fd|f] u'0f:t/Lo

pTkfbg ug{ ;s]sf] v08df xfd|f] klxnf] ahf/

ef/t g} x'g] 5 . clxn] klg xfd|f] hlt j:t'x¿

ef/tnufot d'n'sx¿df lgof{t x'G5g\, To;sf]

ahf/ 5'6\6} / dxTjk"0f{ x'g] 5 .

sDkgLn] rfn" cfly{s jif{df !(& k|ltzt

gfkmf sdfpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . 5f]6f] ;dod}

5nfª df/]sf] 5 of] s;/L ;kmn eof] <

xfdLn] ljz]ifu/L rf/ cf]6f df]8ndf sfd

ul//fv]sf 5f}F . Plu|sNr/ l/;r{ ;]G6/

-Pcf/;L_, Plu|sNr/ k|f];]l;ª ;]G6/, dfs]{l6ª

;]G6/ / rf}yf]df Plu|sNr/ ljhg]z,

sG;n6]G;L, ;le{;dfkm{t sfo{ ul//fv]sf 5f}F .

klxnf] eg]sf] ls;fgn] u'0f:t/Lo pTkfbgsf]

;fdu|L dn aLp, cf}hf/ pksf/ kfpg'k¥of] .

To;sf h'6]/ nfu]sf lyof}F . sfd ub}{ hfFbf

ls;fgsf] ljZjf; xfdLdfly a9\of] / sf/f]af/n]

klg prfO kfof] . Gffkmf ToxLFaf6 a9\g] xf] .

sDkgLsf] kx' Fr slt s[ifs;Dd k'u]sf] 5 <

xfdLn] ahf/ rnfpg] cj:yf cem}

eO;s]sf] 5}g . cfofttkm{ k|ltztdf eGbf klg

&) lhNnfsf ls;fg;Dd xfd|f] ;fdu|L k'u]sf]

5g\ . xfdLn] s]jn ls;fg;Fu sfd ul//fv]sf



xf}F . jf:tjdf pgLx¿sf] pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug{

u/fpg :yfgLo ;/sf/, u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx¿

/ ToxLFsf lghL pBf]ux¿;Fu ldn]/ sfd

ul//fv]sf 5f}F . of];Fu} cfkm\g} k|f];]l;ª pBf]u

;~rfng ug' {kg]{ cfjZostf cf}FNofP/ sltko

:yfgdf To;sf nflu kxn u/]sf 5f}F . xfdL;Fu

kfFr nfv eGbf w]/} ls;fg hf]l8g'ePsf] 5 .

jif{sf] ;ft xhf/;Dd ls;fgnfO{ xfdLn]

tflnd g} k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf 5f}F . xfdLn]

;xsf/L jf ;+:yfut ;+/rgf;Fu sfd u/]/

ls;fg;Fu hf]l8g] xf] . ljZjljBfnodf s[lif

ljifo cWoog u/]sf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ sfddf

k|j]z u/fpg] sfd g} d'Vo u/L xfdLn] g} ub}{

cfPsf 5f}F . of] If]q 7"nf] 5, oxfF xfdLn]

v'nf ¿kdf ;a}nfO{ ;d]6]/ ;a};Fu ldn]/

;a}sf] lxtdf sfd ug]{ xf] .

casf] kfFr jif{kl5 s[lif ljsf; sDkgLn]

s[lif If]qdf lbg] of]ubfg s:tf] x'G5 < sDkgLn]

s:tf] ;+/rgf ljsf; ug{ ;Ifd x'G5 <

g]kfndf s[lifdf cfjZos PsLs[t

gLltx¿ aGof] eg] xfdLn] ;Defjgf af]s]sf]

:yfgnfO{ dxQ\j lbG5f}F / ToxfF pTkfbg

j[l4 x'G5 . xfdL PSn}n] sfd ug]{ xf]Og,

;xsfo{ u/]/ cl3 a9\g] xf] . xhf/f}F ;xsf/L

;d"x / ;+:yf;Fu ldn]/ sfd u5f}{F . Pp6f

To:tf] ;xsf/L lgdf{0f u5f}{F hxfF x/]s

ls;fgn] cfkm"nfO{ rflxg] pTkfbgsf]

;fdu|L ;a} ;xh} kfpF5g\ . k};fb]lv

u'0f:t/Lo aLplahg xfdL pknAw u/fpg]

u/L ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ub}{5f}F . pTkfbgsf]

lhDdf ls;fg / :yfgLo txsf] xf],

ahf/Ls/0fsf nflu xfdL ;fy lbG5f}F .

xfdLn] eg] cg';f/ ;/sf/sf] ;xof]u kfpg]

xf] eg] clxn]sf] h:tf] JolQmn] rnfPsf]

ahf/ x'Fb}g, xfdL ;+:yfut ahf/ agfpF5f}F .

t/sf/Lsf] xf]n;]n ahf/ ePem}F wfg,

rfdn, ux'F, ds} h:tf vfBfGgsf] nflu

klg xf]n;]n ahf/sf] ljsf;df nfU5f}F .

ToxfF ;xsf/LnfO{ l/6]n dfs]{6df kx'Fr lbP/

Joj:yfkg ug]{ xf] .

slDtdf klg bzj6f g]kfnL pTkfbgnfO{

lg/Gt/ u'0f / kl/df0fnfO{ Aofn]G; u/]/

cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df lbg ;S5f}F eg]/ xfdLn]

Uof/]G6L lbg;Sg] cj:yfdf kfFr jif{leq

k'Ug'kg]{ x'G5 . To;sf nflu g]kfnel/sf

ls;fgsf] af/]df klxn] xfdLnfO{ yfxf

x'g'k5{ . To;}n] xfdLn] k|fKt ljj/0fsf

cfwf/df xfn b'O{ ju{df ls;fgnfO{

juL{s/0f u/]sf 5f}F . ;fgf ls;fgnfO{

;xsf/Ldfkm{t ;d]6]sf 5f}F . ;xsf/Ldfkm{t g}

;xof]u / ;+/If0f u5f}{F . csf]{, h'g ls;fgn]

jif{df nufgL s6fP/ tLg nfv ¿k}ofF

sdfpF5, pgLx¿nfO{ xfdLn] Jofj;flos

ls;fg / pBdLsf] >]0fL /fv]/ k|j4{g ug]{

xf] . To;df klg tLg nfv;Dd sdfpg] / ;f]

eGbf a9L sdfpg] x'G5g\ ls ls;fg sf8{

eg]h:t} juL{s/0f u/]/ sf8{ pknAw

u/fpF5f}F / g]kfnL pTkfbgnfO{ ahf/Ls/0f ug{

tyf cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df k'¥ofpg a|flG8ªsf]

kf6f]df ;]t'sf] sfd u5f}{F . xfdLn] Ps bzs

leq v'nf Jofjxfl/s ljZjljBfno agfpg]

kl/sNkgf u/]sf 5f}F . Tof] ;Dej eof] eg],

ToxfFaf6 lg:sg] jf k9\b} u/]sf ljBfyL{nfO{

sfd b]lv Joj;foL aGg] cj;/ xfdL g}

pknAw u/fpF5f} . ljb]zLnfO{ ;d]t s[lifdf

l/;r{ ug{ g]kfn hfg'k5{ eGg] dfgs :yflkt

ug]{ u/L sfd u5f}{F .

sDkgLsf] kl/sNkgf s[lif If]qdf l/;r{

ug{ dfgs :yflkt ug] { 5, b]zleqsf ls;fgn]

d'Vo afnL nufpg] ;do dn, aLp,

l;FrfOsf] ;'ljwf gkfP/ ;8sdf lg:sg'kg]{

cj:yf 5 . sDkgL / ls;fgsf] ljrf/s}

w/ftndf vf8n k/]g <

;d:of dfq} b]vfP/ a:g] eGbf klg

;DEffjgf h] s'/fsf] hxfF 5 ToxL sfd ;'¿

ug]{ xf] . l;FrfO ;'ljwf ePsf :yfgdf ;f]xL

k|s[ltsf vfBfGg nufpg] xf], gx'g] :yfgdf

sd kfgL rflxg] vfnsf kmnkm"n jf

cGgjfnL /f]Kg] xf] . g]kfnLn] ;Defjgfsf]

cfwf/df ;sf/fTds ljrf/ lgdf{0f u/]/

cl3 a9\g'k¥of] . vfnL ;/sf/n] ul/lbPg,

of] ePg, Tof] ePg eg]/ a:g] xf] eg] s]xL

klg x'Fb}g . b]zs} ;a}eGbf a9L ;Defjgf

ePsf] If]q s[lif xf], dflg;nfO{ rflxg]

vfBfGg xf], ljZj ahf/n] dfu]sf] klg oxL

g} xf] . ljrf/ g} pRr /fv]/ sfd u/]gf}F eg]

s;/L cl3 al9G5, a? c;kmntfsf] rflxF

s[lifdf ;Defjgf 5}g .


}


k|i6 gLlt / k"jf{wf/ ljsf;ljgf ko{6g cl3 a9\b}g

ljgfos zfx

cWoIf, xf]6]n P;f]l;Pzg g]kfn -xfg_

sf]le8–!( dxfdf/Ln] ylnPsf] g]kfnL

ko{6g If]q clxn] lj:tf/} k"/fg} nolt/ kmls{g

yfn]sf] 5 . ljz]ifu/L ;g\ @)@$ g]kfnL

ko{6gsf] k'g?Tyfgsf lx;fan] ;'vb jif{

aGof] . sl/a !! nfv $& xhf/ ljb]zL

ko{6s g]kfn e|d0fdf cfP, h'g ;ª\Vof ;g\

@)@# sf] t'ngfdf !# k|ltztn] a9L xf] .

xfdLsxfF cfFs8fdf x]bf{ ;a} s'/f /fd|

b]lvG5 . t/ Jojxf/df, g t ko{6s ;ª\Vof

a9]sf] cg'ej Joj;foLn] ug{ ;s]sf 5g\, g

t cfd gful/sn] . sf]le8kl5sf] t'ngfdf

;'wf/ b]lvP klg Jofj;flos ultljlw

klxnfsf] ultdf kmls{Psf] 5}g . ;/sf/n]

cfufdL bzsnfO{ …ko{6g bzsÚ sf] ¿kdf

dgfpg] tof/Ldf 5 . t/, s]jn gf/f / of]hgf

3f]if0ff dfqn] of] If]qsf] k'ghf{u/0f ;Dej

5}g . o;cl3sf gf/f clg ld7f / lrNnf

s'/fn] sfuhdf dfq l;ldt ePsf 5g\ .

ko{6g If]q g]kfnsf] cfly{s ;d[l4sf] ;+jfxs

x'g ;S5, t/ Tof] nIo k"/f ug{ xfdLnfO{

rflxPsf] k"jf{wf/, gLltut :ki6tf /

sfof{Gjog Ifdtfdf Jofks ;'wf/ ug{'k5{ .

ca gf/fdf dfq geO{ Jojxf/ nfu" ug]{ a]nf

cfPsf] 5 . lxhf] xfdL;Fu k"jf{wf/ lyPgg\

cfF6 klg ug{ ;lsFb}gYof] t/, cfh xfdL;Fu

Ifdtf 5 ca /fHon] Ifdtf cg';f/sf] ko{6s

Nofpg] jftfjf/0f agfOlbg'k5{, ;xh /

bL3{sfnLg gLlt NofOlbg'k5{ .

;a}eGbf klxnf t xfdL b'O{ 7"nf b]zsf

ko{6gnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'k5{ / g]kfnsf]

ko{6g If]qnfO{ rnfodfg 5 x} eGg] cg'e"lt

cGo b]zsf ko{6snfO{ ;d]t u/fpg'k5{ eGg]

dnfO{ nfU5 ef/t / rLgsf ko{6sdf hf]8

lbg' g]kfnsf] ko{6g If]qsf] ;'wf/sf] klxnf]

cfwf/ aGg ;S5 . To;sf/0f ef/t / rLgsf

ko{6snfO{ xfdLn] k|fyldstf lbg'k5{ .

ef/t / rLg M ljzfn ahf/, Go"g

pkof]u

g]kfnsf b'O{ 7"nf l5d]sL /fi6« ef/t /

rLg ko{6gsf] b[li6n] cToGt dxTjk"0f{ ahf/

x'g\ . oL b'O{ d'n'ssf ljzfn hg;ª\Vof,

dWojuL{o cfoju{sf] j[l4, ljb]z e|d0fsf]

a9\bf] k|j[lQ / g]kfn;Fusf] P]ltxfl;s–wfld{s

;DaGwnfO{ x]bf{ g]kfnn] ko{6g ljsf;sf]

7"nf] ;Defjgf b]Vg ;S5 . t/, To;sf] nfe

lngsf nflu g]kfnn] s]xL /0fgLlts,

k"jf{wf/ut, gLltut tyf k|rf/–k|;f/;DaGwL

sbd rfNg cfjZos 5 .

;a}eGbf klxnf, ;'ud cfjfudg /

k"jf{wf/ ;'wf/ d'Vo k|fyldstf xf] . ef/t /

rLg;Fusf] ef}uf]lns ;Ldf ;femf ePsfn]

g]kfnn] :ynut tyf xjfO{ dfu{ b'a}nfO{

k|f]T;fxg lbg'k5{ . ef/tLo ko{6sx¿ ;LdfjtL{

gfsfaf6 ;jf/Ldfu{ x' Fb} cfpg rfxG5g\,

To;}n] ;8s ;'wf/, ;Ldf If]qdf ;'ljwf;DkGg

6«flGh6 kf]OG6 lgdf{0f, / Oldu| ]zg k|lqmof ;xh

agfpg'k5{ . p:t} u/L, rLg;Fusf] s]?ª–

/;'jfu9L gfsfdf cfjfudg ;xh agfpg /

;'/Iff tyf ;]jf ;'ljwf lj:tf/ ug{ cfjZos

5 . p8fgsf] xsdf, sf7df8f}+afx]s n'lDagL,

kf]v/f / e}/xjfaf6 ef/t tyf rLgsf k|d'v

;x/x¿;Fu cGt/f{li6«o ;Lwf p8fg a9fpg' k5{ .

bf];|f], ko{6s nlIft Kofs]h / k|rf/–

k|;f/df gjk|jt{g cToGt h?/L 5 . ef/tLo

ko{6sx¿ wfld{s ko{6g, 5f]6f] cjlwsf]

kfl/jfl/s e|d0f tyf 6«]lsªdf ?lr /fVb5g\ .

t;y{, /fd–hfgsL ;ls{6, kz'kltgfy–

d'lQmgfy–hgsk'/ h:tf wfld{s Kofs]hx¿,

dWod:t/sf] ah]6 6«]lsª Kofs]h ljsf; ug{

;lsG5 . ptf lrlgofF ko{6sx¿ k|s[lt,

lxdfn, ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf / nSh/L cg'ejdf

cfslif{t x'G5g\ . pgLx¿sf] efiffdf hfgsf/L

;fdu|L, lrlgofF ufO8 ;]jf / ;'/lIft /

u'0f:t/Lo xf]6]n Kofs]h ljsf; ug{ ;lsG5 .

t];|f], ef/t / rLgdf nlIft l8lh6n /

lkmlhsn dfs]{l6ª /0fgLlt h?/L 5 . ;fdflhs

;~hfn, o'6\o'a, OGˆn'PG;/ dfs]{l6ª / 6'l/Hd

PS:kf]df efu lnP/ g]kfnsf] …a|fG8Ú lgdf{0f

ug{ 'k5{ . g]kfnL b"tfjf; tyf 6'/ ck/]6/x¿n]

;fem]bf/L u/]/ ;:tf] / cfsif{s Kofs]h k|rf/

ug{ ;lsG5 . ef/tLo ko{6ssf nflu lxGbLdf /

lrlgofFsf nflu d+bfl/g efiffdf ;"rgf pknAw

u/fpg' klg cTofjZos 5 .

rf}yf], ;/sf/ / lghL If]qsf] ;xsfo{df

u'0f:t/Lo ;]jf / cg'ej ljsf; ug{ 'k5{ . ko{6g

:ynx¿df ;kmf jftfj/0f, 6«flkms Joj:yfkg,

ax'eflifs ;"rgfkf6L / cfktsfnLg ;]jf

;lhn} pknAw x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg'k5{ .

ko{6sx¿sf] ;'/IffnfO{ pRr k|fyldstf

lbg'k5{ . :yfgLo pTkfbg, snf, ;+:s[lt /

vfgfsf] k|j4{g;lxtsf] ko{6g k|j4{g ug{

;lsG5 . ef/t / rLgsf] ko{6g ;Defjgfn]

g]kfnL cy{tGqdf pNn]vgLo of]ubfg ug{

;S5 . t/, To;sf nflu s]jn ;Defjgfsf]

rrf{ xf]Og, of]hgfa4 9ª\udf k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f,

;]jf ;'wf/, nlIft k|rf/ / kl/0ffdd'vL /0fgLlt

sfof{Gjog cfjZos 5 . o;/L, g]kfnn] b'O{

l5d]sL d'n'saf6 nfvf}+ ko{6s cfslif{t u/]/

ko{6g If]qnfO{ lbuf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] d'Vo

OlGhg agfpg ;S5 .

;+/rgf / ;]jfdf pNn]vgLo nufgLdf

hf]8 lbg'k5{

xfn g]kfndf cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf kfFrtf/]

xf]6]nx¿ v'n]sf 5g\ / cfufdL b'O{ jif{df

To;sf] ;ª\Vof cem bf]Aa/ x'g] cg'dfg 5 .

lghL If]qn] k"jf{wf/df pNn]vgLo nufgL

ul/;s]sf] 5 . xfdL;Fu clxn] #% nfv

ko{6snfO{ u'0f:t/Lo ;]jf lbg ;Sg] Ifdtf

5 . t/, ;g\ @)@$ df To;sf] s]jn Ps

ltxfO{ dfq ko{6s cfP . o:tf] cj:yfdf

nufgLsf] k"0f{ pkof]u x'g g;Sg' uDeL/

r'gf}tL xf] . xfdL ;]jf lbg ;Ifd 5f}F, t/

cfjZos kg]{ of]hgf, /0fgLlt / ;/sf/L gLlt

:ki6 5}gg\ . Pp6} ;/sf/n] Psflt/ @) nfv

ko{6s leq\ofpg] nIo /fV5 eg] !^ nfv

dfq} lelqPsf] cfFs8f k|:t't u5{ . o:tf]

lj/f]wfefifn] lghL If]q / ;/sf/aLr

tfnd]nsf] cefj b]vfpF5 .

PsLs[t /0fgLltsf] vfFrf]

ko{6g ax'cfoflds If]q xf] . xf]6]n,

6«feN;, 6«]lsª, Pc/nfOG;, /]:6'/]G6, oftfoft

;a} Ps–csf{;Fu hf]l8Psf 5g\ . t/ oL If]q

PsLs[t eP/ sfd ul//x]sf] cj:yf 5}g .

;/sf/n] gLlt agfpF5, lghL If]qn] nufgL

u5{, t/ ;dGjo k6Ss} 5}g . o;n] ;du|

ko{6g k|0ffnLnfO{ cJojl:yt agfPsf] 5 .



ah]6 / sfof{Gjogsf] b"/L

;/sf/n] k|To]s jif{ ah]6df lghL If]q–d}qL of]hgf NofpF5, t/ tL

sfuhd} ;Lldt /xG5g\ . xf]6]n Joj;foLsf] dfu :ki6 5– gLltut :ki6tf,

k"jf{wf/df nufgL / of]hgfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog . ;/sf/;Fu hgzlQm,

;|f]t / of]hgf lgdf{0fsf] Ifdtfsf] sdL 5}g, t/ sfof{Gjog / cg'udg ;+oGq

sdhf]/ 5 . ah]6sf] k"0f{ pkof]u, ;dLIff / ;'wf/sf] k|lqmofdf lghL If]qsf]

;xeflutf ckl/xfo{ 5 . ko{6g ;]jf If]qdf bIf hgzlQm ckl/xfo{ x'G5 . t/,

g]kfnsf xhf/f}F o'jf x/]s lbg ljb]lzg] qmd a9\bf] 5 . b]zleqsf] /f]huf/L

cj;/nfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfpg]tkm{ ;/sf/sf] Wofg hfg' cfjZos 5 . lghL

If]q :jod\n] klg k|lzIf0f / l;k ljsf;df nufgL ug{ 'kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 .

Ps jif{ g]kfndf sfd u/]/ dfq ljb]z hfg] Joj:yf eP klg o'jfn] l;k /

cg'ej b'j} lng ;S5g\ . g]kfnsf] ko{6g If]qn] ca …gf/fÚ xf]Og, …sfof{GjogÚ

vf]lh/x]sf] 5 . ef/t / rLgh:tf l5d]sL d'n'snfO{ s]Gb|ljGb'df /fv]/

of]hgfa4 ¿kdf sfd ul/g] xf] eg] Ps jif{d} clxn]sf] bf]Aa/ ;ª\Vofdf

ko{6s lelqg ;S5g\ . g]kfn …lelh6 g]kfn Oo/ Og rfOgf–@)@%Ú h:tf

cj;/nfO{ pkof]u u/]/ lrlgofF ahf/df xhf/f}F ko{6s Nofpg ;S5, olb

;/sf/L ;+oGq ;lqmo aGof] eg] . g]kfnn] ko{6s leq\ofpg] dfq xf]Og,

ltgLx¿sf] a;fO{ cjlw / vr{ Ifdtf klg a9fpg' cfjZos 5 . ko{6g

If]qdf b]lvg] ;fgf q'l6x¿ ;8s b'3{6gf, sdhf]/ ;]jf, ;'/Iffsf]

cefjnufotn] cGt/f{li6«o :t/d} gsf/fTds ;Gb]z lbg ;S5g\ . To;}n]

;du| ko{6g cg'ej ;'wfg]{ lbzfdf ;/sf/ / lghL If]q ldn]/ cu|;/ x'g'k5{ .

;xL gLlt, :ki6 /0fgLlt, alnof] ;+oGq / PsLs[t k|of; eof] eg] g]kfnn] !)

jif{leq %) nfv ko{6s leq\ofpg] nIo k"/f ug{ ;S5 . To;sf nflu, ca

gf/f xf]Og, c;/bf/ sfof{Gjog g} d"n s'/f xf] .



Banking and Nepal’s Economy

Partners in Progress

Rashmi Panta

Chief Business officer

Prabhu Bank

In the evolving narrative of

Nepal’s development, banking

and the broader economy are

not parallel chapters but a

single, interwoven story. Each

has shaped, supported, and

redefined the other. From the

snow-capped Himalayas to the

fertile plains of the Terai, the

relationship between finance

and economic progress has

emerged as a defining force in

Nepal’s pursuit of prosperity.

Today, banks are no longer just

institutions safeguarding

deposits or extending credit.

They have become engines of

entrepreneurship, builders of

resilience, and, above all,

enablers of dreams.

Nepal’s formal banking

journey began in 1937 with the

establishment of Nepal Bank

Limited. Back then, financial

services were limited, reflecting

an agrarian and barter-based

economy. Financial literacy was

rare, and banking largely served

the urban elite. Yet even these

modest beginnings planted a

seed of transformation. The

establishment of Nepal Rastra

Bank (NRB) in 1956 added a

crucial pillar. As the central

bank, the NRB brought

monetary policy, financial

regulation, and the architecture

needed to support a growing

economy.

The real turning point came

in the 1990s. Nepal embraced

economic liberalization,

opening markets to domestic

and foreign investors. The

banking sector, once dominated

by a few state-owned

institutions, experienced a surge

of private banks and financial

institutions. This expansion

brought not only greater access

to financial services but also

competition, innovation, and

improved efficiency.

Commercial banks began

funding not just large industrial

projects but also small and

medium-sized enterprises

(SMEs), agriculture, education,

and housing. Credit evolved

from a tool of consumption into

an instrument for empowerment

and productivity.

Today, banking touches

nearly every sector of the

Nepali economy. Agriculture;

still the primary livelihood for a

large part of the population

benefits from specialized loans,

warehouse receipt financing,

and value chain credit models.

SMEs, which drive job

creation, rely on banks for

working capital, expansion

financing, and trade facilitation.

The remittance economy, which

sustains millions of Nepali

households, flows through the

banking system. Financial

institutions channel billions of

dollars sent by the diaspora into

savings, investments, and

consumption. Without banks,

the transformative power of

remittances in reducing poverty

and stabilizing the

macroeconomy would be

severely limited.

Banks have also financed

urbanization and infrastructure

development, supporting real

estate projects, hydropower

plants, and transportation

networks. Even Nepal’s tourism

industry; a cornerstone of the

economy depends on banking

services for foreign exchange,

payment processing, and

funding for the hospitality

sector. Beyond these economic

linkages, the banking sector has

played a vital role in promoting

financial inclusion. What was

once an urban privilege has

now extended into rural

communities, thanks to branch

expansion, microfinance, and

digital innovations. Mobile

banking, digital wallets, and

QR payment systems have

democratized access to finance.

Today, even in remote villages

once disconnected from the

formal economy, individuals

and businesses can access

financial services.

Yet, Nepal’s current

economic stress underscores

how deeply banking and the

real economy are connected for

better or worse. Recent sluggish

demand, combined with a credit

squeeze, has led to a downturn

in private investment and

consumption. Real estate and

construction, once robust, have

slowed sharply, affecting

collateral values and dampening



banks’ willingness to lend.

Policy inconsistencies and

regulatory changes have further

eroded business confidence,

making banks more cautious

and entrepreneurs hesitant.

Liquidity surplus, credit crunch,

rising non-performing assets,

and capital adequacy pressures

have all posed serious hurdles.

While banks have shown

resilience, crises in Nepal’s

cooperative sector where

savings of thousands remain

frozen have created public

anxieties about the overall

safety of financial institutions.

Such lapses in oversight are a

stark reminder that financial

stability and trust cannot be

taken for granted.

Under the vigilant oversight

of the NRB, financial

institutions have strengthened

risk management practices,

diversified portfolios, and

adopted international standards

like the Basel accords. Yet, the

broader economic slowdown

has exposed structural

weaknesses that neither banks

nor policymakers can ignore.

The government’s delay in

paying its outstanding bills has

further tightened liquidity in the

private sector. High-level

experts have rightly

recommended actions such as

swiftly releasing government

payments, restructuring viable

but stressed loans, and even

considering an Asset

Management Company a "bad

bank" model to take over nonperforming

loans from

commercial banks. Such

interventions could relieve

pressure on banks while giving

businesses breathing space to

recover, helping to restore the

critical flow of credit to the

productive sectors of the

economy.

The impact of banking,

however, cannot be fully

captured through

macroeconomic data or balance

sheets alone. Its real

significance lies in human

stories. It is seen in the small

business owner who secures a

loan to expand a family

enterprise. It is reflected in the

farmer who shifts from

subsistence to commercial

agriculture. It empowers the

young student who studies

abroad, the family who builds a

home, and the entrepreneur

launching a startup. Banks, in

essence, are not just financial

institutions. They are partners

in national development,

translating policy goals into

tangible outcomes for

individuals and communities.

As Nepal aspires to achieve

middle-income status, diversify

its economy, and integrate

further into regional and global

markets, the banking sector’s

role will only grow. The road

ahead demands continued

innovation, prudent regulation,

and a stronger commitment to

inclusivity and sustainability.

Banks will need to harness

emerging technologies like data

analytics and artificial

intelligence. They must

embrace green financing and

balance risk and reward in an

ever-changing landscape. Most

importantly, they must continue

to maintain public trust the

ultimate currency of the

financial sector.

The challenges are many:

geopolitical uncertainties,

climate change, demographic

shifts, and the imperative to

align with international

financial norms. But Nepal’s

banking sector has

demonstrated not only the

capacity to adapt but also the

vision to lead. The relationship

between banking and the

economy in Nepal is not

transactional. It is

transformational. Banks have

not merely responded to

economic trends; they have

actively shaped them. In doing

so, they have become pillars of

resilience, channels of

opportunity, and partners in the

country’s quest for shared

prosperity.

As the economy pulses with

the rhythms of change, banking

remains its lifeblood steady,

adaptive, and forward-looking.

Together, they tell a story not just

of growth but of a nation’s

enduring aspiration to rise, thrive,

and chart its own course in an

increasingly connected world.



aLdf sfof{Gjog slt ;kmn <

p4j l;njfn

lj;+ !(($ df g]kfn a}+s :yfkgf

eP;Fu} g]kfndf aLdf Joj;fo ;'¿ ePsf]

dfGg] ul/Psf] 5 . lj;+ @))$ c;f]h *

ut] g]kfn dfn rnfgL tyf aLdf sDkgL

lnld6]8 :yfkgf ePkl5 g]kfndf ljlwjt

aLdf cEof; ;'¿ ePsf] xf] .

g]kfn dfn rnfgL tyf aLdf

sDkgLnfO{ g]kfn OG:of]/]G; sDkgLdf

¿kfGtl/t ePkl5 cfw'lgs aLdf sf]

cEof; ;'¿ ePsf] xf] . aLdf gfkmfd'vL

geO{ ;fdflhs pks/0f xf] . aLdf lgMz'Ns

x'g'kg]{df of] gfkmf lng] If]qsf] ¿kdf

ljsf; ePsf] 5 . d[To' ;+:sf/ h:tf

b'vsf] ;dodf lxGb' wd{cg';f/ !#

lbg;Dd lqmof a:g' k5{ . t/, cfh sdfP/

cfh} vfg' kg]{ JolQmsf] aLdf u/]sf] 5 eg]

pQm vfgkLgdf nfUg] vr{ aLdfn] Jofxf]g]{

Joj:yf sfof{Gjofdf Nofpg ;s]df dfq}

;dfhdf aLdf k|lt ljXjf;sf] jftfj/0f

aGg] lyof] .

clxn] ;~rfngdf /x]sf] :jf:Yo

aLdfdf Ps JolQmn] tLg xhf/ kfFr ;o

¿k}ofF lt/]kl5 lglZrt /sd;Dd aLdf

ePklg c:ktfnx¿df aLdf ;'ljwf lng

w}/} emGem6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 . aLdf eg]sf] b'Mv

k/]sf] dfG5]nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ ;fdflhs

pks/0f x'g'kg]{ To:tf] aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . of]

t Jofkfl/s If]qsf] ¿kdf ljsf; ePsf]

h:tf] b]lvg yfn]sf] 5 .

To;}n] l9n} eP klg /fHon]

ztk|ltzt dfG5]nfO{ aLdfsf] bfo/fdf

Nofpg' kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . ;a} dfG5]sf]

hf]lvd aLdfdfkm{t ;'/lIft ug{'k5{ . ;a}n]

aLdf u/]kl5 hf]lvd Joj:yfkg klg

/fHosf] bfloTjaf6 ;/]/ aLdfdf hfG5 .

aLdf Joj;fonfO{ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf]

Pp6f nf]slk|o ljQLo pks/0f dflgG5 .

o;n] dfgj hLjgsf] JolQmut ljQLo

;'/Iffsf cltl/Qm pgLx¿sf] ;DklQ Pj+

:yflkt Joj;fo jf ;+:yfx¿df pTkGg x'g]

cfly{s hf]lvdx¿af6 hf]ufpg ;xof]u

k'¥ofpg] u/]sf] 5 .

s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] %% bzdnj #^

k|ltzt hg;ª\Vofdf cem} klg aLdf k'Ug

;s]sf] 5}g . /fli6«o tYofª\s sfof{non]

k|sflzt u/]sf] @)&* ;fnsf] hgu0fgf

cg';f/ $$ bzdnj ^$ k|ltzt gful/s

;DfIf dfq} aLdfsf] kx'Fr k'u]sf] 5 .

aLdf If]qnfO{ ;'Jojl:yt, lgoldt,

kf/bzL{ tyf ljZj;gLo agfpg,

gful/snfO{ u'0f:t/Lo tyf e/kbf]{ aLdf

;]jf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ bfloTj /fHosf]

xf] . t/, pQm bfloTj k"/f ug{ ;lsPsf]

b]lvFb}g . aLldtsf] xs lxt /Iff ug{,

aLdssf] ljQLo :jf:YonfO{ alnof]

agfpg, aLdf If]qdf ;'zf;g sfod ug{ /

d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;df aLdf If]qsf]

of]ubfg a9fpg aLdf k|flws/0fn] ug'{ kg]{

sfd cem} w]/} afFsL /x]sf] 5 . aLdfnfO{

dfgj hLjg, ;DklQ tyf bfloTjdf

cfpg;Sg] hf]lvd lj?4 cfly{s /Iffj/0f

ug]{ ljZjfl;nf] ljQLo pks/0fsf ¿kdf

lnOG5 . t/ xfdLsxfF aLdf u/] klg

emGeml6nf] e'QmfgL k|lqmofsf] sf/0f cfd

gful/sdf aLdfaf6 e'QmfgL lng ;lsb}g

eGg] dfGotf :yflkt eO;s]sf] 5 .

sf]le8sf] a]nf ul/Psf] aLdf e'QmfgL

/fHon] gubf{ cfd gful/sn] ljZjf;sf]

jftfj/0f u'dfPsf 5g\ .

cem klg ;'Ggdf cfP cg';f/ ;f];{

kmf];{ x'g] JolQmn] dfq} aLdf e'QmfgL lng

;Sg] eGg] h:tf s'/fn] k|fyldstf kfPsf]n]

o;nfO{ aLdf k|flws/0fn] lrg'{ kg]{ ;do

cfPsf] 5 . To;}n] aLdf If]qsf] ljsf;nfO{

cl3 a9fpg :jR5 k|lt:kwf{sf cfwf/df

gofF–gofF If]q klxrfg ug'{ kg]{ vfFrf]

b]lvPsf] xf] .

aLdf k|flws/0fn] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf]

tYofª\s cg';f/ rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] r}t

d;fGt;Dddf j}b]lzs /f]huf/ DofbL hLjg

aLdfn]v ;d]t u/L s'n hg;ª\Vofsf]

$$=^$ k|ltzt aLdfsf] bfo/fdf cfPsf]

b]lvPsf] 5 . of] eg]sf] cem} klg %%=#^

k|ltzt hLjg aLdfsf] bfo/fdf cfPsf

5}gg\ . of] eg]sf] aLdf ;]jfsf] lj:tf/

ck]Iffs[t ¿kdf a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g eGg] xf] .

aLdf u/fpg] kl/kf6L ;dofg's"n kl/is[t

x'g g;Sbf cem klg cfd gful/ssf]

ljZjf; lhTg ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . To:f}n]

aLdfsf] bfo/f lj:tf/sf nflu aLdf If]qdf

gjLgtd\ k|ljlwdf nufgL a9fpg' kg]{

b]lvPsf] 5 .

ljkGg ju{;Dd aLdfsf] kx'Fr k'¥ofpg,

aLdf k|ltsf] ljZjf; clej[l4 ug{,

d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;df aLdf If]qsf]

of]ubfg a9fpg, ladssf] cfly{s

cj:yfnfO{ ;an agfpg,

l8lh6nfOh];gdfkm{t aLdf ;]jf k|jfxsf]

Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ vfFrf] dx;'; x'g yfn]sf]

5 . aLdf Joj;fosf] lj:tf/ / lgofds

lgsfosf] lgu/fgLdf j[l4 x'Fbfx'Fb} klg

g]kfndf aLdf kx'Fr / hgr]tgfsf] :t/df

cem} klg pNn]vlgo k|ult x'g ;s]sf]

5}g . u|fdL0f tyf ;LdfGts[t ju{sf

dflg;x¿sf ;fy} cgf}krfl/s If]qdf

cfj4 >lds jf dhb'/x¿sf nflu

aLdfsf] kx'Fr ;'lglZrt ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g .

lj;+ @)$^ ;fnsf] /fhgLlts

kl/jt{gkl5 ;/sf/n] cjnDag u/]sf]

pbf/ cy{gLlt adf]lhd g]kfndf

lghLIf]qsf] :jfldTjdf y'k|} aLdf sDkgLx¿

:yfkgf ePsf x'g\ . To;}n] cfjlws

of]hgf / jflif{s ah]6df lbuf] aLdf If]qsf]

ljsf;sf ;fy} pQm gLltut Joj:yf

sfof{Gjog ug{] jftfj/0f /fHon] ljsf;

ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .

rfn' cfly{s jif{df %$ xhf/ aLdf

kf]ln;L ;/]G8/ eO;s]sf 5g\ . h;af6 &

ca{ $^ s/f]8 ¿k}ofF hLjg aLdf sf]ifaf6

aflxl/Psf] 5 . cy{tGq rnfodfg geP/

JolQmsf] cfDbfgLdf ;d]t To;sf] k|efj

k/]sf] sf/0f aLdf kf]ln;L ;/]G8/ ug]{ qmd

a9]sf] xf] . hLjg aLdf nfdf] cjlwsf]

x'G5 . o;sf nflu tf]lsPsf] ;do

-q}dfl;s÷cw{jflif{s÷jflif{s_ ¿kdf s]xL

/sd lk|ldodsf] ¿kdf ltg{'kg]{ x'G5 .

cfjlws ¿kdf kf]ln;L ltg{ g;Sg]

cj:yfdf aLdf ug]{ JolQmn] aLdfnfO{

lg/Gt/tf glbO{ aLr}df aGb ug]{ cj:yfnfO{



kf]ln;L ;/]G8/ elgG5 . kf]ln;L ;/]G8/ ubf{ laldtn] kfpg'kg]{

/sdaf6 s]xL k|ltzt /sd aLdf sDkgLn] sf6]/ lkmtf{ u5{g\ .

kl5Nnf] ;do aLdf If]qdf c:j:y k|lt:kwf{, s/sfkdf kf]ln;L

vl/b, k|nf]egnufotsf sf/0f aLdf kf]ln;L ;/]G8/sf] b/ a9\b}

uPsf] lj1x¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . o;}aLr ;+;b\sf b'O{ 7"nf bn ldn]/

ag]sf] zlQmzfnL ;/sf/n] cfufdL cfly{s jif{ @)*@÷*# sf

nflu NofPsf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmdn] klg aLdf If]qnfO{ vf;}

;d]6]sf] b]lvb}g . clxn] lghL If]qsf] cfTdljZjf; u'd]sf] cj:yf

5 . ahf/df dfu a9\g g;Sbf cfGtl/s pTkfbg a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g .

;/sf/ yk /f]huf/L l;h{gf ug{ c;kmn 5 . k"jf{wf/sf cfof]hgf

lgdf{0fdf r/d l9nf;':tL 5 . o:tf bh{gf}+ sf/0fn] cfGtl/s

¿kdf cy{tGq cem} bafadf 5 . t/, gLlt tyf sfo{qmdn] oL

;d:of;Fu} aLdf If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g ;s]sf] 5}g .

ljutb]lv g} ah]6 sfof{Gjog lgs} sdhf]/ x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

k'FhLut vr{ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . 7"nf /fhgLlts bnx¿ ldn]/ ag]sf]

zlQmzfnL ;/sf/ x'Fbf klg k'FhLut vr{df ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5}g . o;n]

cy{tGqdf k|efj kfg'{sf ;fy} ;/sf/k|lt cfd hgtfsf] ljZjf;

36]sf] 5 . To;}n] casf] ah]6df ;/sf/n] aLdfsf If]q / sfof{Gjog

kIfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .

cfd gful/snfO{ aLdf If]qdf cfj4 u/fpg /fHon]

ljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ b'/

b/fh;Dd aLdfsf sfo{qmd k'¥ofpg ;Sg] gLlt Nofpg' kg]{

b]lvPsf] 5 . of];Fu} aLdf ul/;s]sfsf] xsdf eg] e'QmfgL

k|lqmofnfO{ ;xh / Jojxf/Ls agfpg' k5{ . ljb]zdf h:tf]

aLdfaf6} cf}ifwf]krf/b]lvsf ;a} sfo{ x'g] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{

;s] clxn] aLdfsf] kx'Frdf gcfPsf cGo gful/s klg ef]ln

cfkm} aLdfdf cfj4 x'g ;Sg] 5g\ .



aLdf ahf/ :j–:km"t{ ?kdf

cufl8 a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g

lbk k|sfz kf08]

;LO{cf], l;4fy{ OG:of]/]G; sDkgL ln=

lbk k|sfz kf08] aLdf If]qdf tLg bzs nfdf] cg'ej af]s]sf Ps cg'ejL JolQmmTj x'g\ . xfn pgL lzv/ OG:of]/]G; sDkgL

lnld6]8sf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t -;LO{cf]_ sf ¿kdf sfo{/t 5g\ . lzv/ OG:of]/]G;df cfj2 x'g' cl3 !) jif{;Dd Pe/]i6

OG:of]/]G;df dxfk|aGwssf] ¿kdf sfo{ u/]sf pgdf Jofj;flos bIftf, b"/b[li6 / l6djs{k|ltsf] b[9 ljZjf;n] pgnfO{

:jb]zdf dfq xf]Og, cGt/f{li6«o aLdf ahf/df;d]t cg'ej xfl;n ug{ d2t k'¥ofPsf] 5 . aLdf ;ldlt / ljleGg ;+:yfx¿sf]

kmf]/dx¿df pgn] aLdf If]qsf tdfd ;d:of / ltgsf] ;dfwfgdf lgbfg vf]Hg] sfd ub} { cfPsf 5g\ . ;/sf/ olta]nf aLdf

If]qnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstf lbg] atfO/x]sf] 5 . cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf ;d]t ljleGg a' Fbfx¿df aLdfnfO{

k|fyldstf lbPsf] cj:yfdf ;/sf/n] cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6df;d]t aLdfnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstf lbg] atfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .

clxn]sf] aLdf ;d:of, ah]6sf] ck]Iff nufot ljifodf s]lGb|t /x]/ ;LO{cf] kf08];Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] c+zM

tkfO{ +n] aLdf If]qdf tLg bzs

latfO;Sg'ePsf] 5 . !% jif{cufl8 / clxn]

aLdf cj:yf s:tf] kfpg'x'G5 <

#) jif{ cufl8b]lv of] If]qdf sfd ub}{

cfO/x]sf] 5' . ;'¿jftL ;dodf lbgsf] Ps

nfv lk|ldod ;ª\sng ug{ kfP x'GYof] eg]/

;f]lrGYof] . Ps nfv lk|ldod ePsf] lbg

xfdLnfO{ Psbd} v';L nfUYof] . cfhef]ln xfdL

b}lgs Ps s/f]8 ¿k}ofFsf] lk|ldod ;ª\sng

ubf{ klg ;Gt'i6 5}gf}+ . cem} dfs]{6 /fd|f] 5, xfdL

hfg vf]lh/fv]sf 5f}F . xfn ahf/ ultzLn 5 .

t/, aLdf ahf/ ljutb]lv g} x]g]{ xf] eg] of] kmf];{

dfs]{6 xf] . dnfO{ nfU5 cem} klg aLdf ahf/

:j:km"t{ ¿kdf cufl8 a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g .

To;df Ps t gful/sdf cem} :jf:Yo aLdfnfO{

lnP/ k"0f{ r]tgf / hfu?stf 5}g, csf]{

;/sf/n] klg aLdf ug{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ vfnsf]

/fd|f] sfd ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . aLdfnfO{ cufl8

a9fpg ;/sf/sf] lgs} 7"nf] e"ldsf x'G5 . aLdf

nflu ;/sf/n] sfxLF cg'bfg lbg'kg]{ xf]nf, st}

k|f]T;fxg ug' {kg]{ / s/ gLltdf ug' {kg]{ hlt sfo{

ug{ ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . oL s'/fn] ubf{ klg aLdf

Joj;fo a9]sf] 5}g .

s[lifnfO{ Jofj;foLs/0f ug{ eg]/

NofOPsf] s[lif aLdf cfheGbf Ps bzs

cufl8 aLdfsf] lk|ldod ug]{ rng lyPg .

xfdLn] klg aLdf u/]gf}F . Tof] af/]df xfdLnfO{ g}

1fg lyPg . t/, clxn] ;/sf/n] s[lifdf

lbPsf] cg'bfgs} sf/0f s[lif pTkfbgdf klg

j[l4 ePsf] 5, s[lifdf Jofj;foLs/0f XjfQ}


F


a9]sf] 5, o;df aLdfsf] ;sf/fTds k|efj

k/]s} xf] . aLdfsf] dxTj a'em]sf / ug{ ;Sg]

cj:yf ePsfn] k|foM Joj;fob]lv, :jf:Yo /

cGo u/]sf klg 5g\ . t/, aLdf jf:tjd}

h;nfO{ u/fpg'kg]{ xf] tNnf] txsf] hgtfdf

k'¥ofpg h?/L 5 . x'g] / ;Sg]n] t u/]s} 5g\,

tNnf] txsf h;nfO{ aLdfsf] cfjZostf

klg 5, dxTj klg a'em]sf 5g\, sltn] cfly{s

sf/0fn] g} ug{ ;ls/fv]sf 5}gg\ xf] Tof]

ju{nfO{ ;/sf/n] Joj;fodf cg'bfg lbg]b]lv

aLdf u/fpg];Ddsf] cj:yfdf k'¥ofpg'k5{ eGg]

nfU5 . aLdfsf] nfe eg]sf] lj:tf/}

cy{tGq;Fu} hf]l8g] ljifo xf] . ;fdfGo

gful/sn] aLdf ug{ ;Sof] eg] ef]ln k|fs[lts

ljklQn] p;nfO{ eljtJosf] ;fdgf ug' {kg]{

l:yltdf k'¥ofpFbf Tof] JolQmmnfO{ aLdfn] dfly

psf:g] xf]Og, hxfF 5, ToxfFaf6 tn emg{af6

/f]Sg ;S5 . To;}n] aLdfsf] ahf/ 7"nf] 5,

s;/L ;a}nfO{ aLdfdf hf]8\g] eg]/ ;/sf/ /

lghL If]qn] ldn]/ rfNg] sbd oxfFlg/

dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 .

;/sf/sf] gLltdf klg kl/jt{g x'g'k5{

elg/xFbf lghL aLdf sDkgLx¿n] xfn

cfjZos kbf{ :jf6\6 xft lemSg] k|j[lQsf]

cGTo u/]sf] xf] < h:tf]M sf]/f]gfsf] ;dodf

aLldtnfO{ k};f lbg'ePg, To:t} kz' rf}kfofdf

s]xL ;do klxn] nlDk l:sg /f]u km}lnFbf klg

ls;fgn] aLdfafktsf] ;'ljwf kfPgg\, c? klg

y'k| } pbfx/0fx¿ 5g\ lg <

Tof] s'/fdf aLdfsf] k|s[lt x]/]/ ;f]xL

cg';f/ Jojxf/ ul/Psf] xf] . s]xL sDkgLn]

u/]gg\ xf]nf Tof] ljz]if s]; x'g] eof] . t/,

xfdLn] e"sDk, sf]/f]gf dfxfdf/Ls} ;dodf klg

aLldtn] u/]sf] aLdf k|s[lt cg';f/ g} lt/]sf

xf}+ . xfdLn] cK7]/f]df xft p7fPsf 5}gf}+ .

k|sf]ksf $@% j6f bfaL k/]sf]df xfn $)%

j6f bfaL e'QmfgL eO;s]sf] 5 .

t/, sf]/f]gfsf] ;dodf h'g ju{nfO{

nlIft u/]/ aLdf gLlt NofOPsf] lyof], %)

xhf/ / Ps nfv ¿k}ofFsf] . Tof] a]nf

lgs}nfO{ To;n] /fxt lbPsf] xf] . aLdf

OG8i6«Lhn] klg cy{tGqnfO{ rnfodfg

agfpg sf]/f]gf aLdf cfjZos /x]5 eGg] 7fg],

;/sf/n] klg ah]6 jQmJod} eg]sf] xf] .

xfdLn] xf]n ahf/sf] cWoog kl5 sf]/f]gf

aLdfdf Ifdtfn] EofP;Dd lbPs} xf] . ha

dxfdf/L km}lnof], aLdf ahf/n] klg wfGg

g;Sg] cj:yf cfof] To;kl5 ;Sb}gf} eg]/

aLdf ahf/n] xft p7fPsf] xf] .

kl5 ;/sf/n] #%) s/f]8;Ddsf] aLdf

lghL If]qn] ug' { Tof] eGbf dfly xfdL u5f}F eg]/

dfkb08 NofP/ cfZjf;g lbPkl5 lt/]sf xf}+ .

xfn;Dd ^ ;o s/f]8 ¿k}ofF ltl/;lsPsf] 5,

clxn] aLdf ahf/n] u/]gg\ eg]/ cf/f]k} t

nufpg ePg lg xfdLnfO{ . o;df ;/sf/nfO{

klg 3r3Rofpg'k5{ xf]nf lg Û aLdf OG8i6«Lh

slxn] klg ;/sf/sf] k|fyldstfd} k/]g .

@)!( df ha sf]/f]gf lyof] Tolta]nf xf] ah]6

efif0fdf k/]sf], sfof{Gjogsf] kIf t huhfx]/}

5 . bfloTj #%) s/f]8sf] lnP/ To;sf]

bf]Aa/ /sd xfdLn] ltl/;s]sf 5f}F, To;n] of]

If]qdf kmG8 Dofg]hDofG6sf nflu ufx|f] t

ePsf] lyof] . t/, s]xL aLdf sDkgLn]

ckjfbdf lt/]sf 5}gg\ klg xf]nf aLldt

e'QmfgL bfaL dfly tkfOFn] eg] h:t} s'g}

sDkgLn] ltb}{gg\ eg] To;n] c;/ rflxF aLdf

ahf/nfO{ g} ug]{ xf] . sDkgLx¿n] /fd|f] ;]jf

lbg ;s]gg\ eg] To;n] aLdfk|lt gful/sdf

ljZjf; 36fpF5 .

kl5Nnf] ;dodf s[lif ladsn] ;]jf lng

w]/} ;d:of kfpg] u/]sf] u'gf;f] u/]sf] ;'lgG5

lg < s[lif aLdf cln a9L 3f6f x'g] eP/

sDkgLx¿ OR5's gePsf x'g\ <

s[lif aLdf eg]sf] xfdLn] of] If]qsf] ;a}

hfg]/ eGbf klg l;Sb} cufl8 a9]sf] aLdf

xf] . xfdL;Fu l/–OG:of]/]G;sf] Joj:yf /fd|f]

eP/, xfdLn] ;S5f}F g} eg]/ Uof/]G6L ug{ ;Sg]

cj:yf eP/ eGbf klg of] g]kfn ;/sf/sf]

cfjZostf xf] . ;/sf/nfO{ cfjZostf kbf{

aLdf If]qn] To;nfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 .

xfdLleq klg sdLsdhf]/L 5g\ .

To;nfO{ gsfg{ ;lsFb}g, t/ ;/sf/n] t];|f]

kIfsf] aLdf u/ eg]kl5 xfdLn] u/]sf xf}+ . of]

aLdfdf @%)b]lv #)) s/f]8 ¿k}ofFsf]

lk|ldod 5, t/ ;/sf/n] lbg] cg'bfg ;dod}

cfpFb}g . cg'bfg gcfpFbf e'QmfgL ug{ c;xh

x'G5 g} . To:t}, kl5Nnf] ;do l8lh6n ¿kdf

;]jf k|jfx eO/x] klg a}+lsª sf/f]af/ ug{

b"/b/fhsf s[ifs bfh'efO{ lbbLalxgLx¿

6]Sgf]nf]hL;Fu glhs eO;s]sf] cj:yf

geP/ klg s[lif aLdfsf clncln ;d:of

5g\ . t/, :ofp, s]/f, kz'kIfL aLdf nufotdf

bfaL lt/]sf 5f}F .

s[lif aLdf ubf{ sDkgLsf] 3f6f cg'kft

lk|ldod eGbf a9L 5}g . t/, vr{ w]/} 5 .

ufpFufpFdf hfg'k¥of] ToxL cg';f/sf] ef}lts

;+/rgfx¿ lgdf{0f ug' {kg]{ x'G5 . cfjZos bIf

hgzlQmx¿, clestf{x¿ ;a} s'/fsf] Joj:yf

ldnfpg emGem6 x'G5 . lghL{jgtkm{ klg

aLdfsf] ;ª\Vof a9]sf] 5 . !) j6f zfvfdf

sfd ug]{ xfdL cfh !!& j6f zfvfaf6 sfd

ub}{ cfPsf 5f}F . g]kfnsf] s'gf sfKrfdf k'Ug]

k|of; u/]sf 5f}F . t/, ;/sf/nfO{ ;fy lbFb}gf}

eg]sf 5}gf} . /fi6«sf] cfjZostfnfO{ k"/f ug{

of] !) jif{sf] cg'ejnfO{ cWoog u/]/

cfjZostf cg';f/ aLdfsf] bfo/fnfO{ a9fpg]

xf] eg] o;df eljio /fd|f] b]V5' . !) s/f]8df

;'¿ ePsf] Pp6f aLdf sDkgLsf] ^ ;o

s/f]8sf] g]6jy{df k'lu;s]sf 5f}F . xfdL;Fu

rflxg] hlt Ifdtf 5, xfdLnfO{ t ahf/s}

vfFrf] 5 . ;/sf/n] aLdfnfO{ g} dxTj lbPsf]

5}g, lbg'k¥of] . ;/sf/n] of] ahf/nfO{

Wofgk"j{s dxTj lbP/ cl3 a9\g] xf] eg] aLdf

ahf/ cem} /fd|f] x'G5 g} . ;fydf b]zsf]

cy{tGqdf 7"nf] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;S5 .

!) s/f]8sf] lzv/ OG:of]/]G; cfh ^

ca{sf] g]6jy{ alg;s]sf] 5 . lglh{jg aLdf

sDkgL ;kmn x'gnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] d'Vo

tTj s]–s] x'g] /x]5g\ <

aLdf eg]sf] ljZjf;sf] sf/f]af/ xf] .

JolQmn] s'g} lglZrt ljifonfO{ lnP/

eljiodf x'g ;Sg] eljtJoaf6 hf]lug

s/f/sf] clwgdf /x]/ aLdf u/]sf x'G5g\ .

aLdfsf] d'Vo l;4fGt eg]s} JolQmnfO{

x'g;Sg] hf]lvdaf6 hf]ufpg cfly{s ¿kdf

36gfk"j{ p hxfF lyof] Tof] :yfg ;'/lIft ug]{

dfq xf] . ha b'3{6gf x'G5 ;dod} sDkgLn]

aLldtnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg ;Sof] eg]

To;n] lj:jf; / Joj;fonfO{ a9fpg] xf] .

lzv/sf] cfhsf] ;kmntfsf] d'Vo kIf

eg]sf] klg ;dod} xfdLn] bfaL e'QmfgL u/]sf

5f}F, ToxL eP/ xf] . sDkgLk|lt lj:jf;

a9\g'sf] sf/0f klg xfdLn] u|fxsnfO{ b'Mvsf]

;fyL aG5f}F eg]sf lyof}+, pxfFx¿sf] b'Mvsf]

;fyL ag]s} sf/0fn] cfh sDkgL cufl8

a9\b} oxfF;Dd cfOk'u]sf] xf] . cffheGbf Ps

bzs cl3;Dd h'g ¿kdf aLdf x'g] u/]sf]

lyof], xfn gofF–gofF s'/fx¿ aLdf If]qdf

cfO;s]sf 5g\ . of] b/ cem} lj:tf/} a9\b}–

a9\b} hfG5 . klxnf] lbdfu / lbn b'a}n] sfd

ug]{ eGYof}+ xfdL clxn] lbn eGbf lbdfun]

sfd a9L ug'{k5{ . tYofª\ssf] cfwf/df sfd

x'G5, aLdfsf] ahf/n] tYofª\ssf] cfwf/df

csf]{ gofF df]8 lnG5 .

OG:of]/]G;sf] bfo/f a9fpgnfO{

gjLs/0f ug] { ljifonfO{ lj:tf/} aGb ub} { hfg]

gofF ;b:o hf]8\b} hfg] of]hgf agfpFb} 5f}

eGg'ePsf] lyof], To;df s;/L sfd x' Fb}5 <

aLdfsf] ahf/ /fd|f] 5 . o;nfO{ s'g

:t/sf] agfpg] eGg] s'/f klg xfd| } xftdf 5 .

k'/fgf u|fxsx¿n] aLdfsf] dxTj a'em]s} x'G5g\

gofFnfO{ klg cfslif{t ug{ xfdLn] ;xL tl/sfn]

sfd ug' {k5{ . ;dod} bfaL e'QmfgL u¥of}F eg]

k'/fgfn] gjLs/0f ub}{ hfg'x'G5 . ;DaGw klg

alnof] x' Fb} hfG5, To;}n] gjLs/0fsf] ljifo

dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . ;dod} bfaL ltg{ ;Sof}F eg] gofF

u|fxssf] nflu klg xfd|f] ahf/sf] ;Defjgf

alnof] ljZjf; of]Uo aGb} hfG5 .



skf] {/]6 dlxnf afOs ¥ofnL @)@% eJo?kdf ;DkGg

skf]{/]6 ;dfrf/åf/f cfof]lht …skf]{/]6

dlxnf afOs ¥ofnL @)@%Ú eJo ¿kdf

;DkGg ePsf] 5 . …dlxnfsf] ;fx;,

cfTdljZjf; / ;zQmLs/0fÚsf] ;Gb]z

km}nfpg] p2]Zon] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm

sfo{qmddf $& eGbf a9L dlxnf afOs

/fO8/n] ;xeflutf hgfPsf lyP . ¥ofnL

/f]on OlGkmN8sf] ;xsfo{df cfof]hgf

ul/Psf] lyof] .

sfo{qmdsf] cf}krfl/s pb\3f6g

;df/f]xdf g]kfns} klxnf] dlxnf :s'6/

rfns tyf :jtGq cfGbf]ngsL cu|0fL

dlxnf sdnf >]i7, c6f]df]afON;

P;f]l;P;g-gf8f_ sf cWoIf s/0f rf}w/L,

c6f] df]afON; P;f]l;P;gsf -gf8f_sf k"j{

cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb b'nfn, /f]on OlGkmN8

g]kfnsf lgb]{zs d]3/fh kf}8\ofn, tyf

skf]{/]6 ;dfrf/ cgnfOgsL cWoIf ;+uLtf

vqLsf] pkl:yt /x]sf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf sdnf >]i7n] elgg\, …afOs

rnfP/ dlxnfx¿n] s]jn ;jf/L dfq xf]Og,

cfTdljZjf; / Ifdtfsf] k|bz{g klg

ul//x]sf 5g\ . g]t[Tj xf];\ of ;fxl;s sfo{,

dlxnfx¿ ca s;}eGbf kl5 5}gg\ eGg] of]

¥ofnLn] k|:6 kf/]sf] 5 .Ú

gf8f cWoIf s/0f rf}w/Ln]

c6f]df]afOn If]qdf dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf

a9\b} uPsf] pNn]v ub}{ o:tf] sfo{qmdn]

cem k|f]T;fxg ldNg] atfP . …dlxnf afOs

¥ofnLn] gf/L ;xeflutf / of]ubfgsf] sb/

ug{ ;3fpg]5,Ú pgn] eg] .

k"j{ cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb b'nfnn] o:tf

cleofgn] ;dfhdf ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z lbg]

atfP . …dlxnf afOs /fO8/x¿ s]jn

;8sdf xf]Og, ;fdflhs ;f]r kl/jt{gdf

klg cufl8 5g\,Ú pgn] eg] . o:t}, /f]on

OlGkmN8sf lgb]{zs d]3/fh kf}8\ofnn] eg],

…dlxnf /fO8/x¿sf] cfTdan / Ifdtfn]

xfdLnfO{ uj{ nfu]sf] 5 . cfufdL lbgdf

cem w]/} o:tf ;fxl;s ofqfdf ;fy lbg

k|lta4 5f}F .Ú

¥ofnL sf7df8f}+af6 ;'¿ eP/

gu/sf]6;Dd k'u]sf] lyof] . /fO8/x¿sf]

;8s ;'/Iff / :jf:YonfO{ Wofgdf /fVb}

cNsf c:ktfn hfpnfv]naf6

PDa'n]G;;lxt d]l8sn ;xfotf k|bfg

ul/Psf] lyof] . ofqfnfO{ ;xhtf k|bfg

ug{sf nflu a}+lsª kf6{g/x¿df Pe/]i6 a}+s,

s[lif ljsf; a}+s, l;l6hg a}+s, df5fk'R5«]

a}+s /x]sf lyP eg] OG:of]/]G; kf6{g/sf]

¿kdf lzv/ OG:of]/]G;n] ;fy lbPsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmn agfpg dxTjk"0f{

e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ cGo ;+:yfx¿df g]kfn

6]lnsd, g]kfn Pc/nfoG;, h'h' j]o;{

g]kfn, la|h lxdfnog l:k|ª k|fln -k"0f{

jf6/_, dgsfdgf a]e/]h, 8fa/ g]kfn k|fln,

dl/gf ODk]S;, s]/fl6g g]kfn, leef] df]afOn

sDo'lgs];g, g]S6/ l8lhh, dfpG6]g le:6f,

cNsf xl:k6n k|f=ln nufotsf ;+:yfx¿

/x]sf 5g\ .

gu/sf]6 k'u]sf /fO8/x¿nfO{ eQmk'/

pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sL cWoIf /f]zgL

wf}jf~hfn] :jfut u/]sL lyOg\ . pgn]

elgg\, …dlxnfx¿ ca 3/sf] ;Ldfdf dfq

xf]Ogg\, ;8sb]lv g]t[Tj;Dd x/]s If]qdf

cufl8 5g\ . o:tf] ;fxl;s ofqfn] Tof]

;Gb]znfO{ yk alnof] agfPsf] 5 .Ú

$& dlxnf /fO8/x¿nfO{ \cWoIf

wf}jfHhf / gf8fsf k"j{ cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb

b'nfn / skf]{/]6 cgnfOsL cWoIf ;+lut

vqLn] ;fxl;s k|df0fkq / dfofsf] lrgf]

k|bfg u/]sf lyP . k|df0fkq u|x0f ub}{

;fxl;s /fO{8/ SofK6]g gfldzf sF8]nn]

skf]{/]6 ;dfrf/sf] cfof]hgfn] cfkm'Fx¿nfO{

;fxl;s ofqfdf yk gofF hf]z cfPsf]

atfOg\ . pgn] elgg\,… xfdLn] Psbd

cg'zfl;t eP/ ofqf ;kmn kfof]}{, / cfkm\gf]

k|ltefnfO{ b]vfpg ;kmn eof}+ xfd|f] nflu

Pp6f cj;/ xf] .Ú

sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkgdf cfof]hs ;+:yf

skf]{/]6 ;dfrf/ cgnfOgsL cWoIf ;+lutf

vqLn] ;Dk"0f{ ;xefuL tyf ;xsfo{ ug]{

;+:yfnfO{ wGojfb lbFb} elgg\, …dlxnfx¿sf]

cfTdan / pT;fx b]Vbf xfdL cem w]/} o:tf

sfo{qmd Nofpg k|]l/t ePsf 5f}F .Ú

sfo{qmddf ;xefuL dlxnf /fO8/x¿nfO{

dfofsf] lrgf] / k|z+;f–kq k|bfg ul/Psf]

lyof] . ;fy} /fO8/sf] yk dgf]/~hg u/fpg]

p2]Zo;lxt …Do'lhsn r]o/Ú v]n v]nfOPsf]

lyof] . o:tf ultljlwx¿n] dlxnf

;zQmLs/0fdf dfq xf]Og, ;fdflhs ;f]r

kl/jt{gdf klg dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpg]

ljZjf; cfof]hssf] 5 .



54





56





58





60





62














Corpoate Yatra Jestha 2082

Transform your PDFs into Flipbooks and boost your revenue!

Delete template?

Save as template ?