DVD Demystified

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<strong>DVD</strong> <strong>Demystified</strong> Jim Taylor Second Edition McGraw-Hill New York San Francisco Washington, D.C. Auckland Bogotá Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto
McGraw-Hill abc Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-138944-X The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-135026-8. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS”. McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. DOI: 10.1036/007138944X
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Page 7 and 8: PRAISE FOR DVD DEMYSTIFIED It was o
Page 9 and 10: viii Contents The Referee Shows Up
Page 11 and 12: x DVD Myths 166 Myth: “DVD Is Rev
Page 13 and 14: xii Contents Closed Captions 311 Ca
Page 15 and 16: xiv Contents Advantages of SVCD ove
Page 17 and 18: xvi Contents DVD-Video Drivers 455
Page 19 and 20: xviii Contents Appendix A Quick Ref
Page 21 and 22: xx Foreword at the mall may in fact
Page 23 and 24: xxii Acknowledgments Technologies;
Page 25 and 26: This page intentionally left blank.
Page 27 and 28: 2 Introduction Chapter 1 DVD is the
Page 29 and 30: 4 players. DVD discs are produced w
Page 31 and 32: 6 ing these information streams. An
Page 33 and 34: 8 device that also can play movies.
Page 35 and 36: 10 In addition to space for more da
Page 37 and 38: 12 ■ Home productivity and “edu
Page 39 and 40: 14 TABLE 1.1 Meanings of Prefixes S
Page 41 and 42: 16 TABLE 1.2 Notations Used in This
Page 43 and 44: 18 Chapter 1 chroma signals. Some D
Page 45 and 46: 20 A Brief History of Audio Technol
Page 47 and 48: 22 Chapter 2 Up to this point, soun
Page 49 and 50: 24 version. Once available, with su
Page 51 and 52: 26 Figure 2.3 Revolving picture toy
Page 53 and 54: 28 Chapter 2 second, 6 with 16 fram
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30 Chapter 2 individual picture ele
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32 Figure 2.4 Tape head comparison
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34 1977, and the number grew rapidl
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36 Chapter 2 Philips, Thomson, and
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38 Figure 2.5 Punched card and opti
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40 Figure 2.7 The CD family tree Ch
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42 Chapter 2 In 1989, the CD-ROM
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44 Chapter 2 By this time, Sony and
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46 Figure 2.8 Timeline of DVD devel
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48 peripheral hardware manufacturer
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50 Chapter 2 that MMCD would be sta
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52 Figure 2.9 The DVD patent pie Pr
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54 DVD Consortium would be signed a
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56 Chapter 2 the delay. Again, more
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58 At about this time, the supposed
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60 Entertainment/Sony Wonder, MGM H
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62 Chapter 2 wait-and-see stance. S
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64 Chapter 2 Express, a company tha
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66 Chapter 2 about 87,000 Divx play
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68 Chapter 2 the Zoran software DVD
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70 Chapter 2 outside the country, i
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72 Chapter 2 eventually find its wa
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74 The Year of DVD Chapter 2 1999,
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76 specification. Not surprisingly,
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78 Chapter 2 to sell a million copi
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80 be considered illegal circumvent
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82 What they seemed unable or unwil
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84 Chapter 2 in 2000. Given the cut
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86 existed, even in countries where
Page 113 and 114:
88 Introduction Chapter 3 This chap
Page 115 and 116:
90 Chapter 3 Birds Over the Phone:
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92 Chapter 3 The human retina has t
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94 DVD uses YC bC r as its native s
Page 121 and 122:
96 Figure 3.3 Block transforms and
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98 Chapter 3 encoders only create I
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100 Chapter 3 sense, MPEG is still
Page 127 and 128:
102 Birds Revisited: Understanding
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104 audio compression takes a block
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106 The hierarchical structure of M
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108 The DTS Coherent Acoustics form
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110 Chapter 3 many things, most of
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112 Chapter 3 which ones are worth
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114 Chapter 3 copies can be made wi
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116 Figure 3.9 TV shape versus movi
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118 Figure 3.14 Soft matte filming
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120 original filming are maintained
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122 Figure 3.17a-o Aspect ratios, c
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124 Chapter 3 see the unchanged ana
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126 Figure 3.19 Expand (theater) mo
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128 Figure 3.20 Opening the frame f
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130 Figure 3.22 Display sizes at eq
Page 157 and 158:
132 The Transfer Tango Chapter 3 Of
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134 TABLE 3.2 Combinations of Outpu
Page 161 and 162:
136 Figure 3.24 Interlaced scan and
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138 called 3—2 pushup). There are
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140 Figure 3.27 Bob Chapter 3 also
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142 Chapter 3 artifacts than with i
Page 169 and 170:
144 Introduction This chapter deals
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146 will have mostly merged with DV
Page 173 and 174:
148 TABLE 4.2 DVD Specification Tim
Page 175 and 176:
150 TABLE 4.4 Examples of Compatibi
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152 TABLE 4.4 Cont. Examples of Com
Page 179 and 180:
154 New Wine in Old Bottles: DVD on
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TABLE 4.5 DVD Multi Compatibility D
Page 183 and 184:
158 Chapter 4 The following section
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160 Most DVD players allow the owne
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162 select alternate sequences so t
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164 Customization As mentioned, DVD
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166 dedicated or obsessed professio
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168 Myth: “DVD Is a Worldwide Sta
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170 Myth: “DVD Is Better Because
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172 Myth: “Compression Does Not W
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174 Myth: “The Audio Level from D
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176 to music channels such as MTV w
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178 Chapter 4 The probable genesis
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180 Figure 4.3 Number squares Chapt
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182 Figure 4.4 DVD layers Chapter 4
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184 TABLE 4.7 Physical Format Varia
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186 TABLE 4.8 DVD Hybrids Chapter 4
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188 Figure 4.6 Map of DVD regions.
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190 producers will play fine in the
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192 Chapter 4 back encrypted conten
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194 Chapter 4 DVD-Audio content may
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196 Chapter 4 Computer video cards
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198 Chapter 4 48 kHz sampling frequ
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200 Chapter 4 IBM, and NEC. The res
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202 Figure 4.8 Scope of copy protec
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204 playback device that is sanctio
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206 TABLE 4.10 DVD Patent Licensing
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208 royalties also may be owed to D
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Page 237 and 238:
212 Introduction Chapter 5 This cha
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214 TABLE 5.1 cont. Physical Charac
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216 Figure 5.2 Mastering and stampi
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218 2. Two layers on one side a. St
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220 Figure 5.4 Burst cutting area B
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222 Chapter 5 DVDs are quite stable
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224 TABLE 5.3 Compatibility of Writ
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226 Chapter 5 Since sectors are alr
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228 and the land area. DVD-RW capac
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230 Chapter 5 DVD-RAM is the best s
Page 257 and 258:
232 Figure 5.6 DVD cartridges DVD+R
Page 259 and 260:
234 Figure 5.7 Phase-change recordi
Page 261 and 262:
236 TABLE 5.6 Comparison of Physica
Page 263 and 264:
238 TABLE 5.7 Data Storage Characte
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240 Figure 5.9 ECC block and record
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242 units from an ECC block. This p
Page 269 and 270:
244 Figure 5.13 Recording data stru
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246 TABLE 5.8 cont. Contents of Lea
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Page 275 and 276:
250 Introduction Chapter 6 The DVD-
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252 TABLE 6.1 Stream Data Rates Fig
Page 279 and 280:
254 Figure 6.3 Data rate versus pla
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256 Figure 6.4 DVD-Video and DVD- A
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258 Figure 6.6 DVD-Video player blo
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260 directional arrow keys for sele
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262 Figure 6.9 DVD-Video physical d
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264 Figure 6.13 Cell structure Figu
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266 Figure 6.15 Pack structure Figu
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268 TABLE 6.9 Spaces Space Scope Nu
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270 Figure 6.17 Presentation data s
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272 Figure 6.20 Title structures Fi
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274 Figure 6.23 Navigation data str
Page 301 and 302:
276 TABLE 6.12 Search Types Chapter
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278 TABLE 6.13 cont. Navigation Com
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280 TABLE 6.15 Player System Parame
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282 domains with related navigation
Page 309 and 310:
284 Buttons Chapter 6 Information t
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286 Stills are a handy way to show
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288 TABLE 6.18 User Operation Contr
Page 315 and 316:
290 TABLE 6.20 Differences between
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292 Chapter 6 Scanning and Frame Ra
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294 TABLE 6.22 DVD-Video Pixel Aspe
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296 TABLE 6.24 Widescreen Signaling
Page 323 and 324:
298 Figure 6.27 Weighted pan and sc
Page 325 and 326:
300 Figure 6.29 Video block diagram
Page 327 and 328:
302 TABLE 6.28 Dolby Digital Audio
Page 329 and 330:
304 TABLE 6.29 MPEG Audio Details S
Page 331 and 332:
306 TABLE 6.32 DTS Audio Details Ch
Page 333 and 334:
308 Figure 6.30 Dolby Digital audio
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310 Figure 6.32 Subpicture unit str
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312 Figure 6.33 Examples of camera
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314 Figure 6.34 Example of seamless
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316 Figure 6.35 DVD text data examp
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318 TABLE 6.37 cont. DVD Text Data
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320 TABLE 6.38 Comparison of Audio
Page 347 and 348:
322 Figure 6.36 DVD-Audio logical s
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324 Navigation Because DVD-Audio-on
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326 TABLE 6.42 DVD-Audio Playing Ti
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328 Downmixing DVD-Audio includes s
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330 the standard 1.2mm distance fro
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332 DVD-AR The DVD Audio Recording
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Page 361 and 362:
336 Introduction DVD-ROM is a well-
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338 Chapter 7 by 18 percent. Regard
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340 countries using the PAL or simi
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342 Playback Incompatibilities Chap
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344 the soundtrack across jumps, su
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346 Deficient Pan and Scan DVD uses
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348 screens one at a time. Finally,
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350 improve, but many applications
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352 Chapter 7 consumer electronics,
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354 Introduction This chapter compa
Page 381 and 382:
356 TABLE 8.1 Laserdisc and DVD-Vid
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358 Chapter 8 even though it is hea
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360 Laserdiscs have one advantage o
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362 TABLE 8.2 VHS and DVD- Video Sp
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364 provide better-than-CD audio. T
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366 Chapter 8 Digital Videotape (DV
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368 TABLE 8.3 cont. DV and DVD-Vide
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370 Advantages of DV over DVD-Video
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372 TABLE 8.4 Audio CD and DVD-Vide
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374 Advantages of Audio CD over DVD
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376 Chapter 8 so quickly after firs
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378 mark checking), added complexit
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380 TABLE 8.6 cont. Video CD, Super
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382 5.1-channel surround sound in D
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384 Recording Standards in Septembe
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386 Compatibility of CD-R and DVD A
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388 been added to the catalog since
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390 Advantages of MiniDisc over DVD
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392 to heat damage. DVD error corre
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394 Support. MO technology is suppo
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396 Introduction The primary focus
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398 Table 9.1 cont. Checklist of Pl
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400 ■ Six-channel analog surround
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402 Figure 9.6 IEEE 1394 connector
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404 Chapter 9 receiver or as a sepa
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406 Chapter 9 audio output from the
Page 433 and 434:
408 A Bit About Bass Chapter 9 The
Page 435 and 436:
410 Chapter 9 Two versions of compo
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412 How to Get the Best Picture and
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414 THX Certification Lucasfilm THX
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416 preserved along with the artist
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418 Care and Feeding of Discs Since
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420 To Buy or Not to Buy This secti
Page 447 and 448:
422 ■ Compatibility with the futu
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424 player, you may want to pop the
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426 Chapter 9 2g. You ought to get
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428 Chapter 9 5a. Do you buy used v
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430 14. Does your VCR ever eat tape
Page 457 and 458:
432 Introduction The effectiveness
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434 did to the print industry. Vide
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436 ■ Ambient video and music ■
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438 Product catalogs with thousands
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440 DVD-Video works so well for cer
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442 Chapter 10 Documentaries, histo
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444 Introduction The wall dividing
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446 compatibility and interoperabil
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448 device. It can be considered si
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450 TABLE 11.2 DVD ATAPI/SCSI Inter
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452 Mac OS Almost any Macintosh com
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454 approach is to use the minimum
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456 Chapter 11 essential. Some oper
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458 Chapter 11 hardware abstraction
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460 on). On modern graphics cards w
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462 databases of supplemental infor
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464 Chapter 11 does not use anythin
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466 Chapter 11 in the drive), and f
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468 Chapter 11 organize and present
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470 Chapter 11 The continuum of Web
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472 Chapter 11 children to grandmot
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474 Chapter 11 Making and Accessing
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476 Chapter 11 In this example, an
Page 503 and 504:
478 Point presentations, PCFriendly
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480 Large libraries of video that c
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482 Chapter 11 and in the control a
Page 509 and 510:
484 Chapter 11 independent. The dec
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486 They are responsible for mainta
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488 Content Protection for Prerecor
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490 reads the media key block from
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492 Chapter 11 up to five times. Af
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494 Introduction Chapter 12 This ch
Page 521 and 522:
496 TABLE 12.1 Project examples Pro
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498 Chapter 12 goes wrong. On the d
Page 525 and 526:
500 ■ An audio compressionist mus
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502 have tools for testing and may
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504 Regardless of the number of reg
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506 Project Design Chapter 12 The p
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508 ments provide a roadmap to be u
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510 Figure 12.2 Menu subpicture hig
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512 ■ Buttons are subpictures, an
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514 Always enable navigation with o
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516 Figure 12.5 Data rate vs. capac
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518 age data rate (in Mbps). Adjust
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520 Chapter 12 quality conversion i
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522 If at all possible, do not use
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524 Chapter 12 with a proper 5.1 mi
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526 Chapter 12 Subpictures for Anam
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528 Chapter 12 don’t mesh in NTSC
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530 Figure 12.6 Video safe areas Ch
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532 TABLE 12.6 Video graphics check
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534 usually turn around and write t
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536 Chapter 12 integrity. Be carefu
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538 Figure 12.7 Standard package ic
Page 565 and 566:
540 ■ Entry points (chapters, pro
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542 billions of bytes and gigabytes
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Page 571 and 572:
546 Introduction Chapter 13 In the
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548 Figure 13.1 Consumer electronic
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550 Chapter 13 Total consumer elect
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552 New Generations of DVD The deve
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554 Chapter 13 are still under deve
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556 display. Video edition applicat
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558 None of these, however, is the
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560 high-priced specialty items, wh
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562 Chapter 13 most quality into th
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564 Figure 13.3 Media convergence i
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566 Chapter 13 poor picture quality
Page 593 and 594:
Page 595 and 596:
570 Figure A.3 Data rate versus cap
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572 TABLE A.2 DVD Capacities Sides/
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574 TABLE A.3 Playing Times for Var
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576 TABLE A.5 Stream Data Rates TAB
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578 TABLE A.7 DVD and CD Characteri
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580 TABLE A.8 Comparison of MMCD, S
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582 TABLE A.11 DVD-Video Logical Un
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584 TABLE A.15 PCM Audio Details TA
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586 TABLE A.18 cont. Player System
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588 TABLE A.19 Video resolution VHS
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590 TABLE A.20 Resolution Compariso
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592 TABLE A.22 Player and Media Com
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594 TABLE A.24 ISO 639 Language Cod
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596 TABLE A.24 cont. ISO 639 Langua
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602 TABLE A.25 cont. ISO 3116 Count
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612 and file structure of write-onc
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614 Digital audio interface: —IEC
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616 Watkinson, John. The Art of Dig
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618 Patent Licensing (Dolby Digital
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620 Dataquest Market research www.d
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622 Magazines Digital Video Magazin
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624 European Computer Manufacturers
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626 Electronic Industries Associati
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628 Glossary 480i 480 lines of inte
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630 Glossary ATAPI Advanced Technol
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632 Glossary and they do not propag
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634 Glossary mines if the other sid
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636 Glossary pression removes only
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638 Glossary delta picture (or delt
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640 Glossary DTS Digital Theater So
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642 Glossary nal film. Enhancement,
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644 Glossary frame The piece of a v
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646 Glossary IDTV Improved-definiti
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648 Glossary kilobyte 1,024 (210 )
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650 Glossary linear luminance. The
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652 Glossary mother The metal discs
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654 Glossary also used in Canada, J
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656 Glossary PES Packetized element
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658 Glossary quantize To convert a
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660 Glossary RSDL Reverse-spiral du
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662 Glossary channels of embedded d
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664 Glossary SXGA A video graphics
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666 Glossary user data The data rec
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668 Glossary Yellow Book The docume
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670 application types, 460-461 appl
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672 capacity, 45, 433 audio, 373 CA
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674 computers applications, 444, 45
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676 Divx;-), 71 DMA (Direct Memory
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678 inverse telecine, 137 stills, 4
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680 mattes, 118 progressive scannin
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682 M Mac OS systems, 452 macrobloc
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684 discs, 557 frequency bands, 104
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686 aspect ratios, 129 line multipl
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688 software certification via THX,
Page 715 and 716:
690 V VBR (variable bit rate), 98,
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