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BANDITS IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE
29 Diod. 34/35.2.15f.; 2.22; 2.24. Cf. Vogt, ‘Zur Struktur’ (n. 13), 29f. Dumont,
Servus 217–19.
30 Diod. 34/35.2.22. On the end of Eunous see Bradley, Slavery and Rebellion 62.
31 F. Münzer, s.v. Tryphon no. 7, RE XIII A, 1939, 723f. Bradley, Slavery and Rebellion
74ff. Dumont, Servus 226f.
32 Diod. 36.4.4; 36.11.7. Cf. Bradley, Slavery and Rebellion 77.
33 Consideration of Salvius’ origins: Hoben, Terminologische Studien 69 and n. 29.
34 Diod. 36.5. Flor. 2.7.9f. E. Klebs, s.v. Athenion no. 6, RE II, 1896, 2039–41.
H. Volkmann, s.v. Athenion no. 2, KlP I, 1975, 704. Vogt, ‘Zur Struktur’ (n. 13),
27ff. Bradley, Slavery and Rebellion 76ff. Dumont, Servus 227.
35 Diod. 36.5.1. Flor. 2.7.9. Florus’ description contradicts that of Diodorus, who
terms Athenion oikonomos, the equivalent of the Latin vilicus. Athenion was either
a herdsman before being promoted steward, or Florus (or his source) typecast a
Sicilian slave of Cilician origin as a pastor. As far as Athenion is concerned we
cannot say if he really was a herdsman, or was just called one as an insult. The latter
would suffice to fix his character in the eyes of a Roman reader.
36 Diod. 36.5.1. (Trans. Walton, Loeb)
37 Flor. 2.7.10.
38 Diod. 36.5.3.
39 Diod. 36.5.1f.
40 Scholars have long perceived in Diodorus’ account of the second slave war a doublette
of the first: see Hoben, Terminologische Studien 116. Dumont, Servus 208, n. 271
(with references); 237.
41 On a ‘xenophobic Roman view to a race of natural slaves’ see Bradley, Slavery and
Rebellion 55 and n. 17, with references, inter alia, to Cic. Prov. 10, Liv. 35.49.8 and
36.17.5.
42 Flor. 2.7.10: in servos infestius quam in dominos quasi in transfugas, saeviebat.
43 Diod. 36.5.2.
44 Cf. above, pp. 40–3; below, pp. 112–20.
45 Cf. Vogt, ‘Zur Struktur’ (n. 13), 49.
46 App. Mithr. 59.244.
47 Cic. Verr. 2.2.136; cf. 3.66.125.
48 Cic. Har. 26; cf. Att. 2.12.2.
49 Cf. W. Will, Der römische Mob. Soziale Konflikte in der späten Republik, Darmstadt
1991, 87.
50 Diod. 36.3.5f. Stein, s.v. Titinius no. 21, RE VI A, 1937, 1551.
51 Diod. 36.3.5.
52 Diod. 36.3.6: strategos.
53 Dumont, Servus 236: ‘coloration sociale’.
54 Bradley, Slavery and Rebellion 71: ‘To judge from his name, Titinius was a Roman
citizen, but the oddity of the cognomen Gadaeus might suggest that he was in fact a
former slave.’
55 Dumont, Servus 235.
56 Ibid. 236 (quotation); 238. On the model of the social bandit see the Introduction
(p. 16) and pp. 92–100.
57 Diod. 36.3.6.
58 See below, p. 113.
59 See p. 113 and van Hooff, ‘Ancient Robbers’ 121.
60 Sall. Hist. 3.90–106 Maurenbrecher. Cic. Verr. 2.5.158–72. Liv. Per. 95–7. Flor.
2.8.1–14. App. Civ. 1.116.539–120.559. Plut. Crass. 8–11. Eutr. 6.7.20. Oros.
5.24. F. Münzer, s.v. Spartacus, RE III A, 1927, 1528–36. E. Maróti, ‘De suppliciis.
Zur Frage der sizilianischen Zusammenhänge des Spartacus-Aufstandes’, AAntHung
9, 1961, 41–70. A. Deman, M.-Th. Raepsaet Charlier, ‘Notes sur la guerre de
188