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IKB Deutsche Industriebank Aktiengesellschaft IKB FINANCE B.V.

IKB Deutsche Industriebank Aktiengesellschaft IKB FINANCE B.V.

IKB Deutsche Industriebank Aktiengesellschaft IKB FINANCE B.V.

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SUMMARY<br />

The following constitutes the summary (the “Summary”) of the essential characteristics and risks<br />

associated with the Issuers, <strong>IKB</strong> <strong>Deutsche</strong> <strong>Industriebank</strong> <strong>Aktiengesellschaft</strong> as guarantor of <strong>IKB</strong><br />

<strong>FINANCE</strong> B.V. and the Notes to be issued under the Programme. This Summary should be read as<br />

an introduction to this Prospectus. Any decision by an investor to invest in the Notes should be<br />

based on consideration of this Prospectus as a whole, including the documents incorporated by reference,<br />

any supplements thereto and the relevant Final Terms. Where a claim relating to the information<br />

contained in this Prospectus including any document incorporated by reference, any supplement<br />

thereto and the relevant Final Terms is brought before a court, the plaintiff investor might, under the<br />

national legislation of such court, have to bear the costs of translating the Prospectus, any document<br />

incorporated by reference, any supplement thereto and the relevant Final Terms before the legal proceedings<br />

are initiated. Civil liability attaches to those persons who have tabled this Summary including<br />

any translation thereof, and applied for its notification, but only if the Summary is misleading,<br />

inaccurate or inconsistent when read together with the other parts of this Prospectus.<br />

The following Summary does not purport to be complete and is taken from and qualified in its<br />

entirety by the remainder of this Prospectus and, in relation to the terms and conditions of any particular<br />

Tranche of Notes, the applicable Final Terms.<br />

Summary of Risk Factors regarding <strong>IKB</strong> AG<br />

<strong>IKB</strong> AG has identified and defined the following risk categories as more fully set out in the information<br />

regarding <strong>IKB</strong> AG’s risk factors.<br />

1. Counterparty and credit risk<br />

Credit risk defines the risk that a loan cannot be repaid at all, or can only be partially repaid (in line<br />

with contractual agreement), in the case of default by a contractual partner. <strong>IKB</strong> AG is exposed to<br />

counterparty risk as a consequence of potential replacement risks related to interest rate and currency<br />

derivatives, which may be incurred in the event of counterparty default.<br />

2. Market and liquidity risk<br />

<strong>IKB</strong> AG understands market risk as the interest rate, currency and price risks to which equities and<br />

other assets are exposed.<br />

<strong>IKB</strong> AG distinguishes two types of liquidity risk: the risk that current or future payment obligations<br />

cannot be met on time, or in full; and the risk that required funding can only be obtained at unfavourable<br />

market conditions.<br />

3. Country risk<br />

The country rating is the key concept employed to assess and manage country risk. <strong>IKB</strong> AG’s<br />

country risk exposure is managed by using limits.<br />

4. Operational risk<br />

As defined by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, operational risk is the threat of loss<br />

resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems, from human error, or from<br />

external events or disasters.<br />

8<br />

<strong>IKB</strong> AG also includes legal risk under operational risks; this is defined as the risk of loss incurred<br />

through new legal regulations, changes to existing legal regulations as well as interpretations of<br />

new or existing legal regulations that are disadvantageous to <strong>IKB</strong> AG. IT risks focus on the meas-

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