a quality assurance system for the agricultural utilisation of sewage ...
a quality assurance system for the agricultural utilisation of sewage ...
a quality assurance system for the agricultural utilisation of sewage ...
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QLA<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
a <strong>quality</strong> <strong>assurance</strong> <strong>system</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>agricultural</strong> <strong>utilisation</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>sewage</strong> sludge<br />
Stefanie Budewig<br />
Workshop on Knowledge and Practices <strong>of</strong> Using<br />
Treated Sewage Sludge on Land<br />
15th – 16th April 2008<br />
Pembroke College, Cambridge University, UK
The legal situation in Germany:<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
Laws governing <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong> <strong>sewage</strong> sludge in<br />
agriculture were passed in 1992 and maximum<br />
permissible values <strong>for</strong> pollutants in <strong>sewage</strong> sludge are<br />
considered too high by many experts<br />
New legislation that takes technical advances into<br />
account has been delayed so that European laws can<br />
be taken into consideration
Results:<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
The issue <strong>of</strong> <strong>agricultural</strong> use <strong>of</strong> <strong>sewage</strong> sludge is not<br />
discussed rationally but on a highly emotional level<br />
Operators <strong>of</strong> <strong>sewage</strong> treatment plants cannot be sure<br />
<strong>of</strong> legal developments<br />
Some federal states wish to <strong>for</strong>bid <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong> <strong>sewage</strong><br />
sludge as a fertilizer altoge<strong>the</strong>r
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
Resolution passed by <strong>the</strong> Federal Council <strong>of</strong><br />
Germany in 2002:<br />
The federal government <strong>of</strong> Germany is asked to<br />
“establish establish <strong>quality</strong> <strong>assurance</strong> procedures <strong>for</strong><br />
<strong>sewage</strong> treatment plants and <strong>the</strong> <strong>agricultural</strong><br />
use <strong>of</strong> <strong>sewage</strong> sludge.” sludge.<br />
to fulfil <strong>the</strong> European goals sustainability and<br />
conservation <strong>of</strong> natural resources.
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
New legislation <strong>for</strong> <strong>sewage</strong> sludge is<br />
introduced in December 2006:<br />
Much lower maximum permissible values<br />
<strong>for</strong> heavy metals<br />
More organic pollutants will be regulated<br />
Stricter regulation <strong>of</strong> hygienic aspects<br />
Promotion <strong>of</strong> <strong>quality</strong> <strong>assurance</strong> <strong>system</strong>s
Association <strong>of</strong> German<br />
Agricultural Analytical<br />
and Research Institutes<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
The VDLUFA-QLA VDLUFA QLA GmbH is founded<br />
in April 2003 by<br />
German Association<br />
<strong>for</strong> Water, Wastewater<br />
and Waste
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
Goals <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> VDLUFA and <strong>the</strong> DWA<br />
Sustainable agriculture<br />
Conservation <strong>of</strong> natural resources<br />
Continuous improvement <strong>of</strong> waste water<br />
treatment and sludge <strong>quality</strong><br />
Protection <strong>of</strong> soil and water<br />
Safe food<br />
Transparency and traceability<br />
Confidence and acceptance
Input<br />
Category I<br />
Product<br />
Category II<br />
Utilisation<br />
Category III<br />
The concept <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
QLA <strong>quality</strong> <strong>assurance</strong> <strong>system</strong><br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
Risk assessment <strong>for</strong><br />
input materials<br />
Independent monitoring <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> <strong>sewage</strong> sludge <strong>quality</strong><br />
Requirements <strong>for</strong> an eco-<br />
logically sound <strong>agricultural</strong> use
Category I (Input)<br />
Requirements concern:<br />
Supervision <strong>of</strong> indirect dischargers<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
Chemicals <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> treatment <strong>of</strong> waste water<br />
Supervision <strong>of</strong> waste water delivered by road<br />
Documentation
Category II (Product)<br />
Requirements concern:<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
Maximum permissible values <strong>for</strong> pollutants<br />
Uni<strong>for</strong>mity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> content <strong>of</strong> nutrients<br />
Number <strong>of</strong> analyses<br />
Documentation
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
Category II (Product)<br />
Maximum permissible values (mg/kg dry matter):<br />
Parameter<br />
Cd<br />
Cu<br />
Hg<br />
Ni<br />
Pb<br />
Zn<br />
Cr<br />
AbfKlärV AbfKl rV §<br />
10<br />
800<br />
8<br />
200<br />
900<br />
2500<br />
900<br />
QLA<br />
2,5<br />
550<br />
2<br />
80<br />
200<br />
1400<br />
200<br />
Reduction<br />
75 %<br />
31 %<br />
75 %<br />
60 %<br />
78 %<br />
44 %<br />
78 %
Category II (Product)<br />
Maximum permissible values:<br />
PCB<br />
Parameter<br />
(mg/kg mT /congener / congener)<br />
PCDD/F (ng/kg mT)<br />
AOX (mg/kg mT)<br />
Benzo(a) Benzo(a)pyren<br />
pyren<br />
(mg/kg mT)<br />
DEHP (mg/kg mT)<br />
AbfKlärV AbfKl rV §<br />
0,2<br />
100<br />
500<br />
-<br />
-<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
QLA<br />
0,05<br />
30<br />
400<br />
1<br />
60<br />
Reduction<br />
75 %<br />
70 %<br />
20 %<br />
-<br />
-
Category III (Utilisation)<br />
Requirements concern:<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
Nutrients required on <strong>the</strong> farm/ on a specific field<br />
Time <strong>of</strong>/ and machinery used <strong>for</strong> application<br />
Protection <strong>of</strong> water and soil<br />
area related documentation<br />
Supervision by <strong>the</strong> <strong>quality</strong> <strong>assurance</strong> representative
Input<br />
Category I<br />
Product<br />
Category II<br />
Utilisation<br />
Category III<br />
The structure <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
QLA <strong>quality</strong> <strong>assurance</strong> <strong>system</strong><br />
Auditor<br />
Laboratory<br />
Auditor<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
Expert<br />
committee<br />
QLA
Acceptance/Distribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
QLA <strong>quality</strong> <strong>assurance</strong> <strong>system</strong><br />
in Germany<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für f r Qualitätssicherung<br />
Qualit tssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
About 90 <strong>sewage</strong> treatment plants produce <strong>sewage</strong> sludge in<br />
accordance to <strong>the</strong> requirements <strong>of</strong> QLA.<br />
This proves <strong>the</strong> feasibility and practicability <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
QLA <strong>quality</strong> <strong>assurance</strong> <strong>system</strong> under <strong>the</strong> varying conditions <strong>of</strong><br />
different <strong>sewage</strong> treatment plants.
Acceptance/Distribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
QLA <strong>quality</strong> <strong>assurance</strong> <strong>system</strong><br />
in Germany<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für f r Qualitätssicherung<br />
Qualit tssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
The <strong>sewage</strong> sludge produced in Germany certified by QLA<br />
now amounts to approximately 60.000 tons <strong>of</strong> dry matter<br />
per year .<br />
This amounts to approximately 8 % <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>sewage</strong> sludge<br />
used as a fertilizer in agriculture in Germany
Outlook and results<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für f r Qualitätssicherung<br />
Qualit tssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
New legislation regarding <strong>the</strong> <strong>agricultural</strong> use <strong>of</strong> <strong>sewage</strong><br />
sludge is in preparation<br />
The use <strong>of</strong> <strong>sewage</strong> sludge as a fertilizer in agriculture will<br />
not be <strong>for</strong>bidden in Germany<br />
It is planned to include <strong>quality</strong> <strong>assurance</strong> <strong>system</strong>s in<br />
legislation by incorporating legal incentives <strong>for</strong> certified<br />
<strong>sewage</strong> treatment plants
QLA<br />
VDLUFA – QLA GmbH<br />
Gesellschaft für Qualitätssicherung<br />
Landbauliche Abfallverwertung mbH<br />
Quality Assurance <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> Agricultural Use <strong>of</strong> Waste Products<br />
www.qla.de qla@vdlufa.de
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