framework for the implementation of a virtual design studio model in ...

Figure 3.1 shows the culture of work in association to the Greek Gods.
Handy associated a picture to each culture type based on his definition
of that culture.
According to Handy 139 the Zeus God is managed by the club culture
which he believes that it works on informal basis. In the Zeus culture
each member is authorised to take instant action to execute the task.
This authority entitles the individual to make decisions according to the
situation without going back to the above in power. The Zeus culture
gives a lot of authority to its members which represent the culture name.
The members of the team are chosen according to their personality and
their efficiency on taking the right decision at the right time. Personality
and charisma are the motivating factors when hiring members according
to the Zeus culture. The role culture, on the other hand, is represented
by the God Apollo. Due to the nature of this management style, as
Handy 140 declares, this type of culture follows the hierarchy style in
management. Decisions always have to be made by authorised
members. These members are setting at the top management. In this
management style culture each individual has a job description and they
stick to the job assigned to them. Unlike the Role culture, the Zeus
members are unbound by job descriptions. The task culture in
Handy‟s 141 description follows the Athena God. Athena is a female God
in the Greek ancient culture. This style of management as the name
implies revolves around the task rather than the members. The main
concern of this culture is to have the job done rather than who is doing
it. This culture works with a team to solve a problem in hand and then
move on to solving another one with different members according to the
nature of the task. The final type, according to Handy 142 , is the
Existential culture which concentrates on the professionalism giving total
freedom to its members to tackle the tasks according to their
138 Handy, C. (2009). Gods of Management. Souvenir Press Ltd.
139 Handy, C. (2009). op.cit. p21.
140 Ibid. p22.
141 Ibid. p30.
142 Ibid. p33.
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