ramsay & co.

ALLAN GRANT
MEDICAL AGENT
BOOKSELLER :. LIBRARIAN
92-94 COLLINS ST., MELBOURNE
THE Supply of MEDICAL LITERATURE and
STUDENTS' APPARATUS has been my Special
Study. A well-selected stock is available for
your inspection.
MICROSCOPES AND ACCESSORIES
FOR THE MICROSCOPE
ALLAN GRANT
92-94 COLLINS ST. MELBOURNE

A
Medical Agency
CONDUCTED BY
The Medical Society of Victoria
SALES OF PRACTICES EFFECTED
LOCUM TENENTES SUPPLIED
SHIPS' SURGEONS PROVIDED
LIFE AND ACCIDENT INSURANCES
ARRANGED
HOSPITAL APPOINTMENTS FILLED
This Agency was established in 1917 to safeguard
the interests of members of the B.M.A.; to give
members confidence in the Selling and Purchas-
ing. of Practices and to ensure that only reliable
locum tenentes are engaged.
SECRETARY-
C. STANTON CROUCH, B.A., LL.B., F.A.I.S.
Address : Medical Society Hall
Cr. Albert and Brunswick Streets, E. Melbourne
1

FIFTH
FLOOR
346 FLINDERS LANE, MELBOURNE
2
Phone Central 11001
CARS FOR HIRE
DAY AND NIGHT
HARTLEY WAITE
167 LYGON STREET CARLTON
ALL KINDS OF MOTOR REPAIRS EFFECTED UNDER
PERSONAL SUPERVISION
Section of Scientific Apparatus Department
Chemical
Apparatus
and
All
Students'
Requisites
FELTON, GRIMWADE & CO. Pty. Ltd.
Telephom
925(1 Central

254 COLLINS STREET,
MELBOURNE.
Dear Sir,
We are noted for everything Correct and Refined in
Dress Wear, including all the necessary details, viz. :
Shirts (Plain or Pleated), Collars, Ties, Half Hose.
Crush Hats, Dress Overcoats, Court Shoes, etc.
We can interest you if you will favor us with a visit.
Yours faithfully,
JAMES THELWELL & CO.
(H. W. KEMP)
3

Melbourne University Press
1 _I w
MEDICAL STUDENTS
SHOULD KEEP IN TOUCH WITH THE
BOOK ROOM IN THE CLUB HOUSE
FOR
1. SECONDHAND TEXT BOOKS
(£618 worth were sold on behalf of students in 1922).
2. SPECIAL NOTEBOOKS, STATIONERY,
DRAWING AND OTHER REQUISITES.
3. DISSECTING SETS, CHEMISTRY SETS,
BIO-CHEMISTRY SETS, &c.
SPECIAL ORDERS TAKEN FOR NEW BOOKS
OR OTHER STUDENT REQUISITES.
NOTE.
The Book Room was established at the request of Students,
and is conducted wholly in their interests
4

A Few Remarks on Therapeutics
and Treatment
Albert Abrams, Fool or Sage?
The Banning of Boccaccio ..
CONTENTS
Page
Mr. Greatraks and Mr. Hickson .. 17
The Neuroses
Hospital Silhouettes
Editorial—The Personal Element in
Clinicing
Report of the M.S.S. Committee,
May, 1923 24
Business Manager's Page
Just a Little Headache, Doctor !
9
13
14
19
22
23
25
26
Hospital and Year Notes (continued)—
Fourth Year
Third Year
Second Year
Alcohol as an Infectious Disease
Metastases from Various Foci
The Alfred's Coming Fete ..
Eyes Right—or Wrong
Sports Notes—
Cricket
Football
Rowing
Tennis
Page
Ladies' Letter 28 Athletics 59
Spicula 30 Hockey 60
Belching Through the Ages .. 32 Rifle Shooting 61
Hullo, Patient—A Ragtime Revue 34 Women's Tennis .. 62
Hospital and Year Notes— Commentaries 63
Melbourne 36 Results of Commentaries 64
Alfred !38 Valete 63
St. Vincent's 38 Old Boys' Column 67
40
41
41
43
46
48
48
53
54
55
56

HARLEY- DAVIDSON
LINE OF THOROBRED MOTOCYCLES
SPORT 5 H.P. STANDARD 7-9 H.P. SUPERPOWERED 10-12 H,P.
ADELAIDE—
MELBOURNE!
SYDNEY—
BRISBANE ! !
HARLEY-DAVIDSON holds all Australian Interstate Records.
MELBOURNE—
SYDNEY ! !
L AUNCESTON-
HOBART ! !!
Each record made on a STOCK STANDARD MODEL—" The same as you can buy."
TRUSTY TRIUMPH
TRUSTY
TPTAAPM
All models are now fitted with Lucas' Magdynamo
Electric Lighting Sets as standard equipment.
Only Solo Motor Cycle to gain 1000 Points in the Easter Reliability Trial this year.
A. J. S. A. J. S.
The Aristocrat of English Motor Cycles
Complete Line of Models-8 h.p. 3-speed, 2 3-speed Touring, and the famous
O.H.V. 2 3 4, winner of Junior T.T. Isle of Man Race Classic Four years in succession.
Catalogs and Price Lists of Harley, Triumph
and A .J.S. Motor Cycles sent on request.
SO LE AGENTS:
MILLEDGE BROS
6
TRIUMPH
PTY. LTD .
■ 287 ELIZABETH ST.

Si Speculum Placa, Inspice.
tbe Zpecutum
THE JOURN'AL OF THE
MELBOURNE MEDICAL STUDENTS' SOCIETY.
Voari.) of Management:
Editor .. C. CRAIG.
Sub-Editor
Business Manager
The Faculty of Medicine
Graduates
112epresentative6
H. C. MALING.
H. MAUNDER.
PROFESSOR R. J. A. BERRY.
DR. F. L. APPERLY.
MR. H. R. DEW.
Melbourne Hospital Clinical School . W. C. DONALDSON.
Alfred
St. Vincent's
3rd Year ..
2nd Year
Women Students
W. J. SAXTON.
W. J. O'LOUGHLIN.
K. MeG. STEELE.
C. B. MELVILLE.
MRS. E. 1VIcDONALD-WHITTLE.
The Committee are grateful to Messrs. Parker and O'Donnell for tlie4-
services to this issue.
7

LEVIATHAN
"AQUATITE"
RAINCOATS
Are undoubtedly smart and are again in popular
request. Available in the following styles :—
TRENCH STYLE, single breasted, easy fitting Raglans,
in superior wool Gabardine,
with full belts ; in shades of fawn cf6/6/'
and mole. SPECIAL
Also in guaranteed navy, SPECIAL £7/7/-
TRENCH STYLE, single breastedaRaglan Trench
Coat, with full belt, in navy
wool Gabardine. SPECIAL of7 /1 7/6
We have just opened a magnificent range of
BURBERRY'S and NICHOLSON'S
N. & C. BRAND RAINPROOFS
Ito,..”.....m..... ”..=.3..m...■. ■...■ .a■o..■.......rf
1
in High-Grade Covert Coatings
THE " CHAMPION " OVERCOAT .
PARTICULARLY well cut, in superior
1 quality Dark Oxford Grey Cheviots
of medium weight. Fashioned in single
breasted style. The ideal walking coat, i
with full belt and buckle, or
half-belt, as preferred. A coat you 05 i_ I
will be proud to wear. SPECIAL .-1
..............ii
ORDER BY POST. WE PAY CARRIAGE.
Secure your copy of our
New Illustrated Catalog.
H L7I
E los
ri
Cr. SWANSTON and BOURKE STREETS, MELBOURNE

ffi
TAKING BLOOD FOR THE WASSERMAN TEST
Suggestion for a New Technique

tbe Zpeculum
No. 112.
JULY, 1923
3 JTew 1Remarhe on t berapeutics an treatment.
By DR. R. H. STRONG.
It would seem that we are passing through a period in which, notwithstanding
our wonderful advances, there still exist those who, for lack of knowledge,
endeavour to ridicule the procedures which are of ten resorted to by competent
and experienced men. Their tendency is to throw doubt upon any method which
fails to stand before what they call "known scientific facts"—meaning by scientific
facts, laboratory results—and to ignore the fact that, even if the explanation
given as to the means by which a remedy does good is wrong, this in no way
impairs the value of the statement that it does good. Such critics do good in
that they push to the front the need of rational processes in treatment, and
because they cause the practitioner to hesitate and think before he proceeds to
the use of a remedy on hearsay or the advice of someone else. They of ten do
harm, in that they discourage those who are doing their best, with the knowledge
that scientific investigation and clinical experience has given them, and, like the
religious agnostic, they take away faith and give nothing in its place, although
this faith is often founded on years of careful bedside experience, and hundreds
of tests made under most severe conditions.
Until recently the accepted means of treatment consisted solely in drugs, in
climate, in hydrotherapy and electrotherapy. Now, the wide fields of therapeutics
covered by serum therapy and vaccine therapy have been developed with
more approach to specific treatment than we have ever possessed. During the
time that these advances have been made to pharmacologists, the chemist and
pharmacist have enriched the Materia Medica lists, with the result that remedies
are better understood, new ones of great value have been evolved, and all of
them placed in such a form that they can be easily employed.
The skill of the individual physician in adjusting his doses to the needs of
a particular case, in choosing one drug instead of another of the same type for
a particular action, is still the skill of the empiric, and not the skill of the laboratory
investigator. If a given dose of a given remedy were suitable for a given
ailment, there would be little need for the physician, except as a diagnostician.
The man with bedside experience gains his great value from his experience of
the many changes in all living persons, and the different effects of disease in
different individuals. The pharmacologist may lay down the fundamental processes,
but the clinician must make the distinctions in their use which develop
results which we desire. The variation from the normal in the body affected by
disease may completely reverse the known effects of a drug upon a healthy
organism.
9

There can be no doubt that remedies often gain a reputation that they do not
deserve, chiefly because of coincidence of improvement with their administration,
when in reality there is no relationship of cause and effect, or because the
imagination of the physician or of the patient plays a role which in the physician
should be controlled, but which in the patient is advantageous. In either case
a remedy may seem to be beneficial when it is really inert. Frequently remedies
have proved themselves of value, even if their effects are inexplicable. In many
instances the advance of knowledge and investigation has discovered how they
do good after many years of use. This is exemplified in the case of quinine,
which was used for many years before the methods of action were determined,
and of digitalis, the physiological action of which was for a very long time
thought to be quite the reverse of what we know it to be to-day. Frequently our
faith in the efficiency of a drug is shaken when untoward results occur. Nothing
happens without a cause, and careful investigation will often make the unexpected
result clear. Claude Bernard stated : "In physiological studies we must
always carefully note any fact which does not accord with received ideas. It is
always from the examination and the discussion of this exceptional fact thal a
discovery will be made, if there is one to make."
Between the time of writing a prescription by the physician and the actual
taking of the medicine by the patient many possible causes of unexpected results
may occur. The prescription itself may be at fault, either as regards the dosage
of the drugs, or in using of some incompatibility which may quite neutralise or
completely alter the action of the ingredients. Wrong dispensing of a correct
prescription may happen, and fatal consequences have occurred from these
mistakes. The risk of a wrong prescription is lessened by the fact that it must
pass under the eye of the dispenser, though even that does not remove all risk.
It behoves practitioners who do their own dispensing, in places where there is
no druggist, to check their work carefully. Nowadays most dispensers check
prescription and preparation, and even mark that fact on the label.
Untoward effects may be due to the drugs rather than to the patient.
Strengths and compositions of preparations are laid down in pharmacopoeias,
yet many are prone to alter with time. Ergot and hyoscyamus depreciate and
become useless by keeping. Spiritus wtheris nitrosi also easily degenerates, and
loses the nitrite of ethyl, to which principle it owes its vasodilating and diuretic
action. Oxidation causes it to become inert. Morphine, if kept for a time,
becomes partly transformed by slow oxidation into apomorphine, and this change
will explain many cases of emesis after administration of the drug. Chloroform,
too, degenerates, especially in the presence of light. Other preparations, like
alcoholic solutions, tend to become stronger by evaporation of alcohol. It is
necessary, therefore, to make sure that drugs are reliable in every way, as otherwise
treatment, however well thought out, may fail. The best way to be sure
is to use only preparations that are made by reputable manufacturers. Even
then untoward effects may be met with, which are due to various causes. One
of these is the method or manner of administration of a drug. Capsules are
convenient, and are used fairly generally, but occasionally they give rise to
nausea and vomiting, while, if such preparations were taken in mixtures, no ill
effects occur. Certain drugs require the proper amount of dilution, and these
should not be ordered in capsules. Tablets and pills are commonly prescribed.
In fact, there is a great tendency nowadays to use these forms rather than
trouble to write prescriptions. Often, owing to the solidity, the patient may fail
to react to the medicine, and may appear to be exhibiting an abnormal tolerance
10

to the drug, when, as a matter of fact, the medicine passed through the alimentary
canal unchanged. This is seen in the case of iron and of quinine preparations.
It has often been my experience to see malarial cases fail to react to quinine,
and, on enquiry and investigation, it has been found that solid preparations of
the drug have been used, which would not dissolve, and might just as well not
have been given. In a similar way cases of anaemia fail frequently to show any
benefit from prolonged treatment by iron because of the insolubility of the
pills used.
The time of day at which a drug is given may influence its action—for
example, a soporific given in the morning will not produce sleep nearly so easily
as when given at the end of the day, when the tired condition of the individual
predisposes him towards sleep.
Very many people find that certain articles of food do not suit them, and,
without being able to give any further reason, they learn to avoid such things.
Certain foods are specially apt to affect some persons in a special way, and
everyone has met individuals who could not take strawberries or shellfish without
being more or less disturbed. In the same way certain drugs are apt in
certain individuals to produce untoward effects, which follow a very small dose,
or they may produce symptoms in susceptible people which apparently have no
resemblance to the ordinary toxic effects of such drugs. Potassium iodide is a
well-recognised example.
These conditions may occur in the apparently healthy, but in disease many
drugs may have most dangerous effects which are not seen when the individual
taking them is healthy. Opium preparations are dangerous if used freely in
bronchitis with profuse expectoration, because opium dulls the bronchial reflex,
and depresses the respiratory centre, and hampers Nature's efforts to keep the
respiratory passages free by frequent coughing. In nephritis also opium may
have untoward effects, as it is difficult for the injured renal epithelium to get
rid of it.
It has been said, "Treatment is an art and an inspiration." Only the properly
educated man can hope to attain to it, because the ignorant may have the inspiration,
but not possess the discrimination necessary for the art. Many, even after
a lone, course and attendance at numerous lectures, never achieve it either as an
art or as an inspiration. Treatment is based on several factors—physiology,
pathology, chemistry and pharmacology. All these combined form the basis for
therapeutics. This art is attained only by the person who learns the necessity
for correlating these, and who recognises the human element in each and every
individual case. The man who learns therapeutic management and human
management knows how to treat a case, whereas the man who knows only pharmacology
does not know how.
Treatment can be learned only at the bedside. Therapeutic efficiency is just
as hard to acquire as is surgical technique, and its learning comes in the same
way. One cannot learn either in a laboratory or a lecture room, although very
much that helps can be learned in both. "It takes a lot of experience to make
a commercial florist of a botanist, and a world of it to make a therapeutist of
a pharmacologist" is a very true statement. Experience counts just as much in
medicine to-day as it ever did, and medicine is still an art as well as a science.
A well-known London physician in one of his books wrote : "I am disposed to
think that medicine as an art is now in some danger of being lost amidst futile
efforts to exalt it into an exact science. I maintain that a great physician' is,
and must be, a great artist." The trend of medical teaching and writing is to
11

make medicine an exact science. The student is encouraged to be strictly scientific
in the methods employed for arriving at a diagnosis, and to base treatment
on proved facts. The medical man who fails to keep himself abreast with the
recent march of science, or to whom the study of new ideas is irksome, can never
have a firm grasp of his profession, and it would be the better for everyone if
he decided that some other vocation were more congenial. It is unfortunate
that a few men, as they grow older, are inclined to become sceptical about the
value of all treatments, old or new. It will be generally found that these men
have never thoroughly mastered their profession; they have managed to get a
diploma or degree, and are able to go through the daily routine of work, but it
can hardly be with much satisfaction to themselves or benefit to their patients.
One advantage the elder practitioner has, or should have, over the younger is
his greater ability to separate the wheat from the chaff. Hardly a week elapses
without the announcement of some new drug or some sensational system of
treatment. A great majority of these are only introduced to die an early death
—most are useless. Many are mischievous, and others have a value that is purely
negative, and only make confusion worse confounded.
Sometimes, however, a contribution of importance and worth is made, such
as the recent treatment of diabetes mellitus, various vaccine treatments, and
sera therapy. The general idea prevails that the older generation of practitioners
cannot know the new discoveries in medicine that have been made since their
student days—that they are not "up to the new tips." It is forgotten that the
best and most valuable parts of any medical practitioner's education is obtained
during his post graduate days, and that a practitioner is always a student. No
member of the medical profession can afford to say to himself, "I know enough."
A stumbling block in the way of students and young practitioners is the
multiplicity of drugs with which the market is flooded. They come chiefly from
overseas, and are accompanied by volumes of literature extolling their particular
virtues. The result of this is that official remedies are apt to be supplanted by
compounds of proprietary nature, and prescription writing is rapidly becoming
a lost art. The young doctor is saved, or, rather, saves himself, the trouble of
thinking and combining official drugs in an ordinary prescription. The aim of
the present communication is to direct the attention of readers of "The Speculum"
to the necessity for a practical knowledge and acquaintance with the
official drugs and preparations of the British Pharmacopoeia. Such familiarity
will enable students and practitioners to have a better understanding and appre-
ciation of pharmacology, and be less dependent on the pharmacologist for protected
proprietary preparations. Each will thus be enabled to trust to his own
judgment based on the only safe foundation—clinical experience.
"The whole of the English-speaking press will watch with interest the courtship
of the Duke of York," stated a recent issue of a Chicago newspaper. It
would surely be less embarrassing for His Royal Highness if a Select Committee
were appointed.
--"Punch" (Eng.).
12

--- ----
Albert Abrams. foot or %age?
A PLEA FOR AN INVESTIGATION OF HIS NEW PERCUSSION
METHODS.
If originality be the criterion of genius, Albert Abrams must be ranked
among the immortals.
A graduate of Heidelberg University, and the possessor of the degrees
M.A., M.D., LL.D., he became eventually Professor of Medicine in the Stanford
University, San Francisco. With these qualifications he must be regarded as a
man of considerable intellectual ability.
He has written voluminously, and as late as 192o and 1922 articles by him
have been accepted by such reputable publications as the "Lancet" and the
"Journal of the American Medical Association."
His refreshing originality is perhaps best exemplified by his completely
novel views on the art of percussion and his peculiar technique. The basis of
his contentions is that tonicity is conferred to the viscera by the magnetic lines
of force which traverse them. Hence, the orientation of the patient counts for
much—for accurate percussion he must face due west.
He states further that the area of dullness of any organ is increased "pari
passu" with the tonicity. Many of his statements should be easily proved or
disproved by anyone who likes to devote a few hours to his methods.
He claims that there is a variation of 2 curs. in the position of the upper
border of liver dullness when the patient turns from west to north. The upper
border of deep cardiac dullness varies similarly by i cm., and other organs show
corresponding changes.
His percussion technique varies considerably from the orthodox text book
method : "Stand the patient facing due west, with his legs separated, on an
earthed copper plate. With the middle finger of the right hand tap the acromial
end of the left clavicle. At the same time draw the left forefinger across the
chest from the axilla towards the sternum." As soon as the finger reaches the
left border of the heart the percussion note on the clavicle changes. The upper
and right borders may be similarly obtained.
An extraordinary claim—one which, by the way, is accepted by Sir James
Barr—is that cancer of any organ will .result in demonstrable dullness over an
area of 5 ems. in the left interscapular region.
No reason is adduced, but the area is only apparent when the patient faces
due west.
Other claims which are easily investigated are that the blood pressure varies
as the patient turns from west to north, and that a slightly lower reading is
obtained if the feet are brought together—i.e., the circuit is completed and
tonicity in the vessels diminished.
We admit the apparent absurdity of these contentions, but would plead for
an investigation by students and honoraries. To disprove should be easy, and
would stimulate the very difficult art of percussion.
Dr. Abrams' originality shows no decline with his advancing years. Long
distance diagnosis has now claimed his attention. He issues his instructions :
Collect a sample of blood, and spread it over 4 sq. ins. of blotting paper—the
patient during the process must stand facing the west—the light must be subdued,
and there must be no red or yellow colouring in the room. By examinations of
the blood Abrams claims to be able, not only to diagnose the disease, but to tell
13

the race, sex and age of the patient. Most remarkable of all, however, is a
machine of his own invention—the oscilloclast—an electrical device whose
vibration rate can be varied. Ahams states that each drug has a specific vibration
rate, which 'can be ascertained [how ?]. The oscilloclast is then tuned to this
rate, and allowed to play upon the patient, who thus receives all the benefits
derived from taking the drug by mouth ; for example, if the machine is set at
the vibratory rate for atropine, the patient who is subjected to its oscillations
will develop a dry mouth, dilated pupils, etc.
Can we regard Abrams seriously? Hardly. He is probably an example of
another able man gone very wrong. And yet we wonder whether there may not
be a germ of truth at the bottom of his wierd conceptions. Has anyone ever
troubled to disprove his statements about percussion? It is worth trying. Occasionally
it is the unconventional that is true.
CI* tr;
Ebe Vanning of 36occaccio.
A BALLAD OF BOOKS UNBANNED.
I.
Now this is a ballad most meek and sedate,
Though it fails to solve its own query ;
It has as its aim the casting of blame
On an undemonstrable theory--
The theory that Laws are made with good cause
By people who quite understand,
And so could give reason why only this season
Boccaccio's books have been banned.
II.
Casanova may speak, with his tongue in his cheek,
Of how he escaped from "The Leads,"
Of the Ladies he captured and those he enraptured,
While the moralists go shaking their heads.
Of his low escapades and the gaming-house raids,
And how he escaped reprimand :
He may garnish each story with guilt or with glory—
So why is Boccaccio banned?
HI.
And though Rabelais writes of his greatest delights,
Not caring a rap for the rules ;
With the wit of a monk most shockingly drunk
He tilts at both pedants and fools.
Though he's lewd and outrageous, his mind is courageous,
He heeds not the Censor's demand ;
If he tickles his rib with the point of his nib—
Then why is Boccaccio banned ?
14

IV.
And Jonathan Swift, with ironical gift,
Oft stepp'd o'er the bounds of good taste ;
Of the Church he was Dean, and therefore quite "clean"—
In fact, he is utterly "chaste."
But his sacrosanct brother, Lawrence Sterne and none other,
Had humour both modest and bland,
While a prurient smirk spiced the whole of his work—
Then why is Boccaccio banned?
V.
Would ye send William Blake to his death at the stake
For his songs giving tongue to desire?
Would ye banish romance from Anatole France,
And have Fielding put to the fire?
Does Gautier sicken the pious, or quicken?
Is Congreve of infamous brand?
Aristophanes' plays set the smoke room ablaze—
Then why is Boccaccio banned?
VI.
Droll tales and pert plays of Love's devious ways
From Chaucer to Balzac and Sue,
And the risque ref rains of literary swains
In Ballet and Masque and Revue :
All sing to the sway of our Goddess to-day,
All bow before her command ;
Though the Law come between us we still worship Venus—
So why is Boccaccio banned ?
VII.
Leander and Hero, the vices of Nero,
And Heliogabulus to boot,
The sins of Agrippa, the Pompadour's slipper,
Are tales that one dare not refute.
And Villon may sing of a harlot or king
In Ballades most graciously planned,
Without an embargo restricting his "Margot"—
So why is Boccaccio banned ?
VIII.
The Arabian Nights have increased our delights
By a thousand and one naughty stories ;
For this we are certain that old Richard Burton
Added much to our literary glories.
And Catullus' lyre stirs up our desire
With music that none can withstand ;
While Swinburne re-sings to the same muted strings—
Then why is Boccaccio banned ?
15

12/4/23.
IX.
And Sappho herself, who sang not for pelf,
)t Yet in tones more sweet than a dove,
Would ye have her songs burnt because she had learnt
The delights of her Lesbian Love ?
Would ye set up a bar to the Queen of Navarre,
And the Tales that came from her hand?
Would ye mutilate Scarron until he was barren?—
Then why is Boccaccio banned?
X.
Must Dryden be read in secret and dread?
Must Byron be studied in stealth ?
Is Beaumont and Fletcher the fare for a lecher?
Is Chaucer compounded of filth?
Must Shakespeare bow down to the Moralist's crown,
Must he suffer the Peckniffs' command ?
Should he take off his hat to such petticoat chat ?—
Then why is Boccaccio banned ?
XI.
The Bible, of course, is a spiritual force—
There are chapters one thinks of with dread ;
Tpough often excused, they are seldom perused,
Being usually taken as read. .
And yet as it stands in the innocent hands
Of those in our Christian land,
One puzzles in vain and seeks to explain—
Why Boccaccio ever was banned.
—R.S.E.
A LABORATORY DEMONSTRATION TO THE PUBLIC.
The professor's instructions to his assistants :—
"This department is to be open to the public on Thursday. Let us prepare
for them.
Miss B—, set the mechanical stirrers going at twice their usual speed.
Put about a number of jars of coloured water. Scatter round plenty of pink
gauze. Make a great show of activity.
Mr. B—, put a mouse under the bell-jar, and fake the manometer at ioo
atmospheres pressure. Set out the sphygmograph that amused the ladies last
year. Show the great models of the eye and the ear. Everywhere let there be
an appearance of scientific progress."
16

Greatraho anb (Dr. bichson.
A recent rummaging in an obscure shelf brought to light an old book called
"Family Romance, or Episodes in the Domestic Annals of the Aristocracy,"
by Sir Bernard Burke, Ulster King of Arms. All the episodes are highly entertaining,
but there is one of outstanding interest. It is "The Personal History
of Valentine 'Greatraks," whose rise to greatness as a faith-healer created as
much agitation three centuries ago as did that of Hickson to-day. Greatraks,
or the "Irish Stroker," was born in County Waterford, Ireland, in 1628. He
came of a good family, and is described by his son as "one that had a liberal
education, and a competent estate left him by his father (who was known to
be a worthy person, and well esteemed in his country), a man looked upon to
be of generous spirit, but one that had a mind above his fortune."
Of the possession of such a "mind" he gave no indications until the year
1662. Then an extraordinary change came over him. "I had an impulse," he
writes, "or a strange persuasion in my own mind (of which I am not able to
give any rational account to another), which did frequently suggest to me that
there was bestowed on me the power of curing the King's Evil, which, for the
extraordinariness of it, I thought fit to conceal for some time." At length he
told his wife, who wouldn't believe him. But one William Maher brought his
son to the house, and within a month the child was perfectly cured. The career
of Greatraks was started. He next touched Margaret MacShane, who had been
given over by the famous physician, Dr. Anthony, and her he cured in six weeks.
Greatraks' method was to rub the affected place with his hand, whence he was
called by his contemporaries the "Stroker," and offering at the same time prayer
17

to Jesus that the sufferer might be healed. Shortly after this he cured several
other people of the Evil. So great was his success in this direction that he
decided to 'extend his activities, and to include the Epidemical Ague within his
sphere. In this he was equally successful.
After these triumphs it is no wonder that in 1665, on the Sunday after
Easter, he should feel "that the gift of healing was communicated to him by
God." This apparently was the feeling he had been waiting for, for immediately
afterwards he set up as a healer of all ills. His fame had spread all through
Ireland, and the sick crowded in on him from every quarter. "I was left no
time," he says, "to follow my own occasions, nor enjoy the company of my family
and friends." Three days a week he set aside, from six in the morning till six
at night, to lay hands on all who came.
About this time he was assailed with many inquiries. "Some demand of
me why some are cured and not all? To which question I answer that God
may please to make use of such means, by me, as shall operate according to the
dispositions of the patient, and therefore cannot be expected to be alike effected
in all. Some will know of me, why or how I do pursue some pains from place
to place till I have chased them out of the body, by laying my hands outside of
the clothes only (as is usual), and not all pains. To which I answer that—and
others have been abundantly satisfied that it is so—though I am not able to give
a reason, yet I am apt to believe there are some pains which afflict men after
the manner of evil spirits, which kind of pains cannot endure my hand, nay, not
my gloves, but fly immediately, .though six or eight coats and cloaks be put
between the persons and my hand. Now another question will arise, whether
the operation of my hand proceeds from the temperature of my hand, or from
a Divine gift, or from both? To which I say that I have reason to believe that
there is some extraordinary gift of God." The confidential source of his "reason
to believe" he does not reveal.
The star of Greatraks was rapidly rising. Soon he received a summons to
England, and, shortly after this again, received the royal mandate to appear at
Whitehall. He proceeded in triumph to London, was presented at court, and
set up in lodgings at Lincoln's Inn Fields. Then he publicly cured the sick, and
filled the city with amazement. St. Evremond, a cynical Frenchman, who was
in London at the time, derived a great deal of sardonic enjoyment from the
spectacle of one of Greatraks' assemblies.
"The Irishman made them wait a considerable time for him, but came at
last, in the midst of their impatience for him, with a grave and simple countenance,
that showed no signs of his being a cheat. The cripples and others
pressed round so impatiently to be the first cured that the servants were obliged
to use threats, and even force, before they could establish order among them.
"The prophet affirmed that all diseases were caused by evil spirits. Every
infirmity was with him a case of diabolical possession. The first that was presented
to him was a man suffering from gout and rheumatism, and so severely
that the physicians had been unable to cure him. `Ah,' said the miracle worker,
`I have seen a good deal of this sort of thing in Ireland. They are watery spirits,
who bring on a cold shivering, and excite an overflow of aqueous humours in
our poor bodies.' Then, addressing the man, he said, 'Evil spirit, who hast
quitted thy dwelling in the waters to come and afflict this miserable body, I command
thee to quit thy new abode, and return to thine ancient habitation!' This
said, the sick man was ordered to withdraw, and another brought in his place.
This newcomer said he was tormented by the melancholy vapours. In fact, he
18

looked like a hypochondriac. 'Aerial spirit,' said the Irishman, 'return, I command
thee, into the air ; exercise thy natural vocation of raising tempests, and
do not excite any more wind in this sad, unlucky body !' A third patient then
came forward, who, in the Irishman's opinion, was only tormented by a little bit
of a sprite, who could not withstand his command for an instant. Turning to
the company, he said, 'This sort of spirit does not often do much harm, and is
always diverting.' To hear him talk, one would have imagined that he knew
all about spirits, their name, their rank, their numbers, their employment, and all
the functions they were destined to."
The following is St. Evremond's analysis of the influence gained on the
popular mind :—"So great was the confidence in him, that the blind fancied that
they saw light, the deaf imagined that they heard, the lame that they walked
straight, and the paralytic that they had recovered the use of their limbs. An
idea of health made the sick forget for a while their maladies ; and imagination,
which was not less active in those merely drawn by curiosity than in the sick,
gave a false view in one class, from the desire of seeing, as it operated a false
cure on the other from the strong desire of being healed. Nothing was spoken
of in London but his prodigies, and these prodigies were supported by such
great authorities that the bewildered multitude believed them, almost without
examination, while more enlightened people did not care to , reject them from
their own knowledge. The public opinion, timid and enslaved, respected this
imperious and apparently well authenticated error. Those who saw through the
delusion kept their opinion to themselves, knowing how useless it was to declare
their disbelief to a people filled with prejudice and admiration."
Ebe 'neuroses.
Few medical men have any real patience with the neuropath; there is ample
physical disease in the world to occupy their minds and tax their energies without
the bother of imaginary ills, so-called. It is hard, when one looks closely, to
see the reason for the prevalent belief that physical pain is real and mental
anguish only imaginary. Both have their causes. The physical is obvious.
The origin of mental suffering is always there for those who will seek it ; but
it is often extraordinarily difficult to find, and very seldom sought. It is almost
invariably, in the neurotic, unconscious, and can only be brought to light by
definite method. The neurotic is always in an exceptionally difficult position,
because he is the object of an attack by a phantom enemy, the nature of which
he is entirely unconscious. Once conscious of his enemy, he can return the
assault and come out the victor. It is because he can only state his symptoms
and cannot give the cause that we regard him as unreasonable. I wish to give
you a short summary of the practical treatment of the neurotic. We may proceed
by first of all dividing the neuroses into some practical working form.
Following the classification of Ernest J ones, we may divide all neuroses
into ( ) Actual and (2) Psychoneuroses. In the actual neuroses the pathogenic
agents are operative at the actual time, as when the symptoms are being manifested.
In the psycho neuroses the pathogenic agent always precedes the symptoms
commonly by many years.
19
rre

Terms are confusing, for all these varieties are often clinically blended. For
the purpose of this discussion I shall ask you to simply consider-
(i) The Neurasthenic.
(2) The Psychoneuroses.
Now let us form a rough concept of a typical individual in each of these
groups upon which we can base our treatment methods.
The Neurasthenic.
This type of case is one in which the cardinal symptoms are an inordinate
sense of mental and physical fatigue ; "brain fag," with difficulty of concentration,
attention, and application to work ; with often gastro-intestinal and other
minor symptoms. In such cases there is, so to speak, a quantitative loss of
physical and mental energy. The treatment is essentially one of physical and
mental rest and generous diet. The neurasthenic, an actual neurosis, is essentially
different to the psychoneurotic, where the psychic energy is not quantitatively
at fault, but qualitatively so.
The Psychoneurotic.
Every psychoneurotic is a seat of conflict between his will and his emotions.
His personality is the battle ground. His emotional state is the crux of the
situation. It always has a cause, and, when we find the cause, we can cure the
condition ("Turn demum" in the Latin). The psychoneurotic is a vicious circle
of ever-increasing intensity, in which a fight between reasoning and unbidden
emotion and physical reaction stand at either end of the diameter. Emotionalism
begets emotionalism, and the individual, perceiving his new-born emotion and
its associated ideation controlling his will and reason, and increasing his conflict,
vaguely fights for a release, which, if not successful, gradually undermines
his confidence in himself, and it is this lack of confidence and a false magnification
of the importance and difficulties of his condition which is so very apparent.
His mental unrest clouds his life, and, with emotional mental tension continuous,
the effort to correct things is always with him. Life loses its correct perspective.
The mind for any period of time can only be held by one emotion. Where
anxiety and self-worry prevail, joy and other , emotions have no room to enter.
The pleasures of social intercourse are lost, because he cannot respond. Memory
is faulty from lack of attention, concentration is impossible, and symptom upon
symptom ensues, each of which produces further worry and concern, always
forcing introspection and increasing the circle. It is essentially an unhappy
illness. Consider this emotional state. What is its cause? We may answer
briefly thus. Life is to a great extent a matter of wishing and striving—i.e., of
desires. Certain desires we cannot gratify for many and varied reasons. So
we have to repress them, and consciously forget them as such, pushing them to
the limbo of forgotten things—the so-called unconscious mind. These repressed
desires remain there, but are dynamic, and effect consciousness by producing
mental conflict unless in some way gratified or sublimated. We have two forces
—first, the wish, and, secondly, the repression of the wish.
The result is a compromise. The repressed wish gains fulfilment by appearing
in the person's unconscious phantasy, and is only admitted to consciousness
in distorted form, such form being determined by the individual's association of
ideas. Repression is not absolute, but it as a rule prevents the significance of
the wish from reaching consciousness—i.e., our enemy is unknown. The resulting
emotionalism and ideation is a mystery to the person afflicted with it. He
20

attributes it to any but the right cause, and nearly always seeks a physical
explanation. Of human desires the greatest are undoubtedly the sexual and
those pertaining to self-preservation. Such desires usually produce the greatest
psychic trauma.
The Hysteric.
Here the origin of the condition is the same, but we have physical manifestations
as a solution of the mental conflict. Every hysteric's symptoms are the
means by which he has gained mental peace. Every good physician is therefore
a disturber of this peace.
Hysteria is divided into-
i. Anxiety Hysteria.—Where repressed mental complexes produce a certain
emotional state, a morbid anxiety with physical manifestations of this
anxiety.
2. Conversion Hysteria.—Here, by a process not involving mental anxiety,
the mental processes directly produce the symptom. The symptom is the symbol
of the complex.
(The term complex signifies a set of ideas repressed.)
Treatment.
General.—Treat your patient as a reasonable human being in very great
difficulties with an understanding as nearly scientific and real as you can give.
No neurotic understands his condition. If he did he would cure himself
without your aid.
Prove to him that you really understand him. Show him the cause of his
condition in general terms. Give him something definite to work upon, and
throw the onus of cure upon him. Give him an objective interest in himself.
Asking him to use every effort to struggle against his emotion is obvious
folly. Make him analyse and slowly work with you. It will reserve his strength.
Show him that a cause is discoverable for his condition, and assure him the
road to cure is a sinuous track, and see that he keeps this track.
Further treatment will fall into two categories :—
I. Symptomatic.—By suggestion instilling ideas of equal potency and
directed against the morbid ideas. Displacing one emotional state by another
of an opposed nature.
2. Radical.—Psycho-analysis.
The decision is of ten difficult, and must be as the individual case dictates.
Psycho-analysis is in most cases a necessity, but suggestion is of great use, and
more often the only practical method available. It is only with difficulty that
we realise the power of the idea. It is the preliminary of all action and progress.
The following are the methods of suggestion one may use :-
I. By art create an emotional state in your patient which gives him a new
viewpoint. Such an effect can only be produced by great mental energy and an
absolute conviction in one's own powers to influence another. A religious conversion
by the emotions is an equivalent example.
2. Hypnosis.
3. Suggestions given in semi-hypnotic state (Bramwell's method).
4. Baudoin's method, used by Coue.
5. The method of completely tiring the patient, used in hysterical symptoms.
Opposing your personality to the patient's for a period of five or six hours if
21

necessary. Such a method seems to unconsciously convince a hysteric that he
can move or feel.
6. Isolation, as a means of strengthening suggestion by cutting off unnecessary
interests and forcing introspection and attention to the ideas suggested.
Finally, suggestion is always more likely to be effective if given absolutely
whole-heartedly, with absolute quiet and perfect confidence. Be half-hearted
and doubt your power and you will attain little result.
If you regard general psychotherapy and suggestion as unlikely to do good,
you will always surely prove your contention, for with lack of confidence in your
methods you will never instil the expectancy of cure in your patient.
If, on the other hand, you will openly and with care use mental therapeutics
for cases whose condition is possibly all or mainly psychic, your results will at
times amaze you, and you will slowly come to realise that in many cases of vague
nature, where you suspected physical causes, but could not find them, that these
physical conditions are but symptoms of a psychic lesion.
—CLIVE T. STEPHEN.
El ID CI 1:1 a 13
Romital ZiEbouettes.
I.
Your mind's a blank, and life's purged of joy,
When he sadly murmurs, "My darling boy !"
The brainy heads and the blob of the group
Beneath his brilliant sarcasm droop.
He rubs your nose in the mud, and then
He tells you he's one of the mildest men !
You crawl from his clinics limp and depressed,
But still convinced that he's one of the best.
II.
"Now this is a case of—Where's that man?
You prescribe for him. Yes, you can.
Here is a papule and there's a crust.
Nonsense, my boy, of course you must !
This is a case of—Where's the pen?
. . . Tell him to wait with those other men !
This is a case of—Dear me, no !
Is it half past five ? Well, I'll have to go."
III.
(To a pathologist, in absentia.)
Tall, well-groomed, and pink and shy,
He blushed on catching anyone's eye.
He whispered low of tumour and cyst,
That confidential pathologist !
As he slopped the livers about in the sink,
I'd look at him, and I'd sometimes think,.
"You're not a bigamist or a crook,
But, Charles, are you really as good as you look?"
—BLUE PETER.
22

Ebe Ipersonal element in Clinicing.
We wish to avoid in this article the impertinence of "giving hints to young
clinicians." There are, however, one or two things about clinicing that seem so
important from the students' point of view, that they are worth emphasising.
The first of these is the part played by the clinician in providing for the student
the inspiration for work.
The great trouble about the Medical School training is undoubtedly the
difficulty of giving responsibility to the student. The result is that he misses a
very great deal of what goes to make up the interest of medical work. He takes
no part, for instance, in the interplay of personality between physician and
patient—the working for and gaining of the patient's confidence and gratitude.
Again, he has little part to play in the actual struggle between health and disease,
and misses altogether the extreme gratification of working a cure. In short, the
student is rarely in action. He is doomed everlastingly to the dull and stagnant
part of onlooker. This is true of practically all parts of the hospital training.
There are one or two exceptions. The Women's is one ; the Children's is another.
But for the rest—it is work in "dead water; the whole time.
We are not "moaning" about this. It seems without a remedy in itself.
There is, however, one person who can do a great deal towards making things
better—and that is the clinician. The clinician can, if he will, do much towards
providing a stimulus to work. How can he do this? By introducing a more
personal element into his clinicing. Teaching power is a varying thing, and a
property of individual personality. It must vary from man to man. Every
clinician, however, can know the names of his students, and can call his students
by them. This probably seems a small thing to the clinician. To the student
it means much. It gives him the impression that his teacher—a noted and
eminent man—has in him a more than academic interest ; that he perceives and
is sympathetic towards his own individual doubts and difficulties ; that he sizes
up and is appreciative of his own personal capabilities. And this is immensely
stimulating and inspiring; more so than anything else in clinicing. To be able
to deliver a clinic in a masterly and consecutive manner is a great thing. To
know and be able to name the students at the clinic is still greater.
23

1Report of the f11).%.%. Committee, Mar, 1923.
COMMITTEE, 1923.
Chairman: Mr. C. Craig.
Hon. Sec.: Mr. J. J. Searby. Hon. Treas.: Mr. J. M. Buchanan.
Hon. Asst. Sec.: Mr. D. 0. Brown. Hon. Asst. Treas.: Mr. H. L. Maunder.
Fifth Year.
Melb. Hosp. Reps.: Mr. C. Craig.
Mr. F. Ross.
Alfred Hosp. Reps.: Mr. W. Saxton.
St. Vincent's Hosp. Reps.: Mr. L. S. Loughnan.
Third Year Reps.: Mr. A. Henderson.
Second Year Reps.: Mr. C. B. Melville.
First Year Reps.: Mr. Dixon.
Fourth Year.
Mr. T. Dawes.
Mr. F. Stephens.
Mr. N. Freeinantle.
Mr. Casey.
Mr. H. Burns.
Mr. I. Wood.
Mr. Philpott.
The Annual Meeting was held on April 13th, 1923, in the Physiology
School. Sir Harry Allen again occupied the chair. The attendance was poor,
considering the large number of members, but the ladies were well represented.
Sir Harry gave an excellent address. Professor Osborne gave a highly entertaining
account of his recent trip abroad.
The Annual Dinner was to have been held in the last week of first term,
but it was found impossible to obtain any suitable place during that week ; it was
therefore unavoidably postponed, probably till early in third term.
The date for the Annual Ball was fixed for Monday, June 18th, and a full
account will appear in the next issue.
With regard to the Union grant of £15o, some new furniture has been placed
in the Students' Rooms at the Melbourne Hospital, and it is hoped to make
these rooms still more comfortable at some time in the near future. There is a
possibility that the grant may become an annual one.
At a Special General Meeting, held on April 27th, a motion was passed
altering the constitution of the M.S.S. The main feature of the new constitution
is the division of the M.S.S. into five branches—one at each of the Melbourne,
Alfred and St. Vincent's Hospitals, one at the University, and a Women's
Branch. These branches will each have a committee, which will send delegates
to the General Executive of the M.S.S.
The Committee would like to take this opportunity to thank the Melbourne
Hospital staff for their generous donation of £20 to the Library fund.
At the Annual General Meeting the following gentlemen were unanimously
elected life members of the Society :—Dr. A. S. Anderson, Dr. R. H. Morrison,
Dr. J. P. Ainslie (former Hon. Sec.), Mr. H. W. Charlton (former Hon.
Treas.), Mr. C. W. Courtney (former Chairman and Editor of the "Speculum").
It was with great regret that we learned of the illness of our President, Sir
Harry Allen, and we wish him a speedy recovery. J. J. SEARBY, Hon. Sec.
The University, 12th April, 1923.
LECTURE ATTENDANCES WHILST AT WOMEN'S.
Dear Sir,—I beg to advise you that your letter asking that students be
exempt from attendance at lectures during their course at the Women's Hospital
and in the Casualty Ward has been considered by the Faculty of Medicine.
24

It has been the practice to excuse the students their attendances during their
three weeks' residence at the Women's Hospital—that is, any student whose
attendances were short would be treated as having kept the course if the lectures
missed whilst at the Women's Hospital would have put him right. The Faculty
approved of this practice, and resolved that, while resident at the Women's Hospital
for intern work, students will be excused from attending University
lectures.—Yours faithfully,
(Signed). J. P. BAINBRIDGE, Registrar.
The Secretary, Medical Students' Society.
El ID El CI 0
Business fil)anager'o Vage.
Old Boys' Subscriptions.
Below you will perhaps see a wafer, or a number of them. This is one way
of reminding you that your subscriptions for back years are owing. The "Speculum"
cannot run itself. Money is required to produce the Magazine, and one
of the principal sources of revenue is the subscriptions from Old Boys.
PAY UP. Don't let your subscriptions get into arrears. The Committee
would like to produce a better and a bigger Magazine—better even than the past
few issues—and you can help us to do this by forwarding subscriptions early.
Will you ?
Each wafer represents an indebtedness of 5/--that is, a year's subscription.
This year's subscription is now due, but the wafers indicate indebtedness for
past years only. The Committee hope that, by next issue, it will not be necessary
to show wafers for back numbers !
An Appeal.
You probably know of Medical graduates who are not subscribers to the
"Speculum." The Committee are endeavouring to increase the circulation, and
assistance in this connection would be greatly appreciated. Every graduate owes
it to his old Union to become a subscriber !
Recent Graduates.
In the past it has been the practice to forward a copy of the "Speculum" to
the newly-graduated, the subscription for the current year being then confidently
looked forward to. The response, however, has not always been as good as
it might be.
Recent graduates, who are not already subscribers, are requested to send in
their names and addresses as soon as possible.
Don't lose touch. You are surely interested still in the places where you
spent a few not altogether unpleasant years, and the Magazine contains the
latest news of the Hospitals, the "Shop," the Colleges, and Old Boys.
Advertising Matter.
Those firms that advertise in the "Speculum" help to support the Magazine
—but they expect some return ! Give it to them on all possible occasions.
Address communications to Business Manager, Students' Room, Melbourne
Hospital.
25

tit a 1Little neabacbc, 3Doctor !
Two years ago last Monday I had a headache. Quite a mild one it was,
but, unfortunately, my young friend Brown, a Fifth Year student, happened
to visit me that day.
He greeted me cordially : "Well, old chap, how are you ?" "Oh, all right,"
I replied, "have a slight headache." His face lengthened. He felt my pulse ;
a triumphant gleam of intelligence overspread his features. "Hyperpiesis," he
murmured ; "you should see your doctor. Can't trifle with these things. Saw
three cases of arterial haemorrhage yesterday ; all men about your age ; no symptoms
at all except headache. Fascinating subject, arterio sclerosis. I always
think I should like to specialise in it. Great paying game. You know, we really
understand nothing about it, and there is absolutely no cure." He waxed
enthusiastically eloquent.
As a result of his conversation I visited my physician next morning.
"I'm afraid of apoplexy, doctor," I said.
He sounded my chest, and took what he called the systolic pressure.
"Apoplexy !" he snapped. "Rubbish ! Rubbish ! Blood pressure i io.
Apoplexy ! What nonsense these students talk. . No ! you have pyorrhceathat's
what's the matter with you. See a dentist. I can do nothing for you.
Yes, yes ! Always moving with the times, you know. Ten years ago I should
have diagnosed your complaint as a chill on the liver, and cured you with two
bottles of medicine. Now we know you have a disease no doctor can cure.
Wonderful the strides science has made."
This was most consoling. I paid him a guinea and went to the dentist.
"I have pyorrhoea," I said. He assumed a pose of superb gravity, and
motioned me to his chair.
After a prolonged examination he snorted. "Pyorrhoea," he sniffed. "Nonsense
! No more pyorrhoea than I have ! You have several root abscesses. I
can do nothing without an X-ray."
I thanked him for his advice, and made an appointment with the dental
.radiologist.
He X-rayed me, and then announced he could give no report until he had
conferred with several colleagues. The shadows were obscure, he said. It looked
as though my antrim was infected. As a result of their combined skill they were
convinced that I had no root abscesses, but, as there was rarefaction of bone,
the removal of all my teeth was indicated. "And you probably have an antrum"
--they smiled cheerily—"you must see a rhinologist."
Three days later I had all my teeth extracted, to the great detriment of my
appearance and my digestion. From that day I suffered with dyspepsia. I told
my. dentist.
"Probably your stomach is at fault," he said. "One often sees chronic
dyspepsia resulting from numerous extractions. I shall give you a note to a
specialist."
I consulted him. He amused himself by alternately starving and overfeeding.
He gave me alkalies because my stomach was too acid ; then he gave me a
fractional test meal, and, as the result, told me that I had no acid at all.
"Most interesting work," he remarked. "Only a few years ago we thought
we could diagnose these conditions, but, of course, that is absurd. If you had
come to me before the war, I would have told you you had hyper-acidity. I
could have cured you with diet and alkalies. But recent researches show that
26

alkalies tend to make it worse, and there is no treatment that alters it at all. It
is all reflex—we know that now—and, as there are no localising symptoms, it
seems almost certain yours is the result of chronic appendicitis. You must see
a surgeon."
For this "complete gastronomical investigation," as he termed it, he charged
me the purely nominal fee of 25 guineas.
On his advice the great surgeon removed my appendix. As I was leaving
hospital he told me that my appendix was really quite healthy, but hastened to
add, "But of course it might easily have become diseased." I was fortunate—
he only charged 5o guineas for removing a healthy apendix, and he gave me
some parting advice free. "I think your antrum is causing your trouble," he told
me confidentially. "See a rhinologist when you have some spare time."
I managed to spare an hour a few days later, and was interviewed by .a particularly
profane gentleman. I understand profanity is a mark of eminence in
this branch of surgery. He completed his examination. "Who said antrum?
These surgeons ! Antrum ! Rot ! Your septum is deviated. I must straighten
it—it is a very simple matter." He did. At my final visit he said, as I was about
to go, "I doubt whether you will get much improvement, because you are suffering
from nerve strain, the result of astigmatism. An oculist could clo more than
anyone else."
Undismayed, I saw an oculist, who told me I had no refractive error at
all, but had definite evidence of albuminuric retinitis.
"You must have your kidneys tested," were his parting words.
For this I had to retire from the world into the privacy of a hospital for
six weeks.
At the end of that time I was to receive the verdict. The doctor arrived
smiling. "You are fortunate," he said. "Only yesterday I got the most recent
work on this subject, which completely contradicts all we previously believed.
You must stay longer." The modern view, he told me, was that tests should
extend over nine weeks, and be repeated every three months for two years. By
this method, he informed me, the date of the patient's death could be foretold to
within one week. "It is one of the greatest clinical triumphs of recent years,"
he added, with professional pride.
"But what about my case, doctor ?" I inquired. "Well, in your case it tells
us very little, but suggests a liver or gall bladder obstruction. Removal of the
gall bladder is probably the best thing, seeing you would not survive a removal
of the liver." I took his advice—and then the advice of many more stars of the
profession.
As a result I am now penniless. I have a jejunal peptic ulcer instead of my
hyperacidity. I have had diarrhoea ever since my colectomy. I cannot eat because
my false teeth have to be kept out—they obstruct the drainage from my antrum.
I have to take thyroid to prevent post operative trouble. My tonsils
have gone, and my spleen has atrophied—the result of deep X-ray therapy,
which was then in the experimental stage.
But I am not hopeless.
Two weeks ago my charwoman advised me to rub a mixture of onion juice
and beeswax over my kidneys. "It cooled the blood," she said, and helped to
open the pores. I did so, and I have felt a new man since. I reckon another
bottle will just about put me right.
27

Dear Dulcie,—
Here we are—some of us adrift in the horrors of Fifth Year, deeply
depressed to find that we must work all day and swot all night, and regard food,
rest, and sleep as sensuous indulgences to be sternly avoided until March, 1924;
others of us, after being told exactly what to do in the nursery, the school, the
Uni. and the hospital for the last twenty years or more, suddenly find ourselves
pushed out into a cold, strange and apparently jobless world, with no one to tell
us what to do now, or to care a hang whether we do it or not—a nasty, draughty,
unsupported feeling! Others of us still in the egg stage at the Uni. look forward
hopefully to the time when we shall arrive at hospital, and all our troubles will
be over; and Fourth Years are beginning to realise that it does not work out
quite that way after all.
Various engagements have come to light—laughing Peachy and Dick Brown,
bonnie Jean Apperly and her Fred. (We regard you as a sort of honorary Med.,
Jean. There's an honour for you, West ce pas ?) Bea has promised to look
after the welfare of a desperately popular ex-college man who has given medicine
a miss in baulk, and taken up a commercial life ; and Champ and Roy's engagement,
which has had such a long incubation period, has at last declared itself.
Please goodness, there will therefore be still a little space left to squeeze a little
brass plate or two on to palings in Collins Street.
Cheers for Dr. Kathleen Daly ! We are proud of you, Kath, and of Mrs.
Ossie and Percy, too.
Did you hear that a commission was appointed last year to find out why so
many of the tram-men on the Brunswick line were suffering from heart failure ?
Its finding was that the condition was caused by seeing certain of our colleagues
hurl themselves off the tram daily, as it went whizzing full speed past Little
Lonsdale Street. One of the ladies in question was enabled by her superior
height to get a good take-off. Leaping high in the air, she would shut off her
engine and land in a graceful spiral ; while her confederate, being little hampered
by her rudimentary skirts, would descend almost equally well. The others would,
however, land on the flat of their feet with a crash which would almost drive
their cervical vertebrae through j their hats. The tram-men were worried at the
28

prospect of being blamed should a fatality occur; not at the prospect of there
being a shortage of Meds.—pas de tout!
Such of us as have been to "Kids' " are much in love with life up there. Mr.
Dxxxy cheered things by appearing in a graceful tea-gown of white drill, with
a short, well-cut train. He was much amused to see how his young lady patient
in Ward 13 would hurl her rattle overboard and go into fits of laughter at his
approach. I think, myself, though, that some of the Trinity men put her up to it.
A poker parlour, or some kind of cosy little gambling hell, is a crying need
at "Kids.'" It used to worry me dreadfully to find that the poker school, which
had begun at 10 a.m., was still occupying every chair at lunch-time. I used to
be so afraid that I would disturb them by eating my lunch standing up. It is
so difficult to manage a meal without shuffling one's feet a little, especially when
one has been standing all the morning. Even when one stole a stool from the
'massage room, and used a little corner for the table, the poker players had to
blow their pipe smoke into one's face and over one's lunch instead of having a
clear get-away for it. It must have been very uncomfortable for them !
By the way, while you are up there, don't make the faux pas of alluding to
a certain popular black-eyed medico by his poetical first name. I did once—
once only !—and the sister said "Who?" and shot out a 20,000-volt glare which
nearly withered me up.
One of my colleagues was out to gain a reputation for extreme carefulness
while she was up there. "Are you going to do a P.M. on little Willie O'Whiskers,
sir ?" she asked the cheery non-fermenting "Webby." "Is Willie dead?" asked
Dr. Webster, in some surprise. "Well, sir, he was this morning," said my colleague
cautiously.
Elvie invited all the women students of her year to a delightful river picnic,
with tea at Rudder Grange, at the end of third term. It was perfectly arranged
and carried out, and everyone enjoyed it immensely.
Well, I must stop now, as I am due at the clinic of a certain amiable skin
specialist, who holds that the pen is mightier than the sword, and ever so much
handier than a scalpel.
Love from
STEPHANIE.
REYNOLDS' PORTRAIT OF JOHN HUNTER.
(From Paget's " John Hunter.")
"Hunter had often been asked by his friends to sit for his portrait, but
had refused : he did not wish that they should pay the hundred guineas for
it, he could not well afford them himself, and he hated the business of sitting.
But his friend, William Sharp, the engraver, persuaded him ; and Reynolds
promised to paint a masterpiece. Hunter was a bad sitter, and the portrait
came to be nearly finished without being successful; then one day Hunter,
as he was sitting, fell into deep thought. Reynolds silently turned his canvas
upside down and sketched a new head between the legs of ,the figure he had
already painted. Thus he obtained the fine contrast between Hunter and the
things around him—the manuscripts, the jars containing preparations, and
the dangling feet of the Irish giant's skeleton."
The facsimile of Reynold's picture, by the way, is in Ramsay's Book
Room, opposite the M.H.
29

30
%picuiet.
e2c-0
Doctor : "Your hearing seems a little better this morning."
Patient: "What's that, Doctor?"
Doctor (a little louder) : "I say your hearing's a little better this morning!"
Patient: "I beg your pardon, Doctor."
Doctor (shouting) : "Your hearing's better !"
Patient: "Would you mind writing it down, Doctor. I'm a little hard of
hearing."
CI CI El 0 0 CI
Butler (seeing curtain move) : "Is that you, my lord?"
Burglar (hopefully) : "Yes, matey."
O El CI 0 CI CI
Fourth Year Student: "Dr. Whosethis is a rum sort of chap."
Fifth Year Student: " Why?"
Fourth Year Student : "He was clinicing on Sy., and he said, 'This is a rare
manifestation, but I have seen it.' I said, 'Perhaps it is yaws, sir,' and he nearly
bit my head off."
El CI 0 0 CI 0
Her : "Was you ever pinched for going too fast?"
Him: "No, but I've been slapped."
CI 0 CI CI CI 0
FORE (D)
First Lady : "My husband was cranking his car the other day when he ruptured
himself."
Second Lady (wife of G.P.) : "What! A hernia?"
First Lady : "No, a Ford."
During the recent famine in Russia Ford cabled over, "What can I do for
suffering humanity?" The reply came, "Put an extra spring in the back seat."
O CI 0 CI CI CI
She: "And the difference between a woman and a lady is
He : "A woman presents for examination superior and inferior extremities,
lateral borders, and dorsal and ventral surfaces."
She : "And a lady
He : "Presents nothing for examination."

LINES TO MR. HICKSON.
Mr. Hickson, stop! enough!
Scalpels bite too deep for bluff.
Volvulus untwined by. thought?
Hookworms mesmerised and caught?
Wonders such are far too stout ;
Blink, my friend, and break the drought.
El El 0 CI CI El
BOWSERISED.
Absent-minded Motor Cyclist (pulling up at fire alarm) : "Half a gallon,
quick, please."
MERE SWANK.
" Look at old Jake ! Trying to kid us he was a hunter in his young days."
CI CI
THE FIRST INSTALMENT.
London Mail (Eng.)
Two Scottish gillies were discussing the tenants of the neighbouring shooting
boies.
"Ye ken that London mannie that took the shootin' up the glen?" said one.
"Ay, mon," replied the other.
"He promised tae send all he shot to the hospital, and he's certainly a mon
o' his wur-rd !"
"Oh! What has he sent, Wullie ?"
"A guest and two keepers is his first donation!"
—"Answers" (England).
31

Velcbing tbrougb the Ages.
To the ordinary man in the street, belching is an act significant of extreme
vulgarity. Little does he know that not very far from the Gothic windows of
Wilson Hall there is a sect that actually practises belching as an art. Still less
does he know that it is an art, the secret of which has been handed down from
the very dawn of time.
To its romantic history a page has been added by the opening of Tutankhamen's
tomb in Upper Egypt. Prominent among the royal treasures was the
figure of a man in the attitude of shouting. The hieroglyphics at the base leave
little doubt that this was the Bromyde, or "Head Belcher," of Pharaoh. Every
prince of ancient Egypt possessed one or more of these servants in his household.
It was his duty to attend his master at all state feasts, to listen carefully to the
conversation, and whenever his master made a joke to acclaim the fact with a
loud belch. His master's reputation for wit depended solely on the quality of
his Bromyde's powers. Consequently there was a great deal of rivalry in the
acquisition of these Bromydes, and all sorts of intrigues and counter-intrigues
surrounded their purchase and exchange. At the palace of Pharaoh there were
a number of these kept in reserve for the use of country visitors, who could
claim their services on payment of a small fee. It is recorded that, when the
Israelites were sojourning in Egypt, one of their number, a member of Pharaoh's
household, made a huge sum of money by buying up the reserve belchers, and
then letting them out again at a slightly higher fee.
The art flourished exceedingly until the reign of Amenhotep, when an un-,
fortunate incident took place. The head belcher of Pharaoh so far forgot himself
as to make free with wine before the feast, and completely lost all voluntary
control of his belch, with the disastrous result that, whilst he constantly signalled
the jests of others, he allowed many of the king's choicest specimens to pass
in silence. So angered was Amenhotep that he ordered all Bromydes to be put
to death. Few escaped.
When next we hear of the art, it is three thousand years later, among the
Boohoos, a fanatical tribe of Central Persia. Here the belchers, or Yohos, as
they were called, held a position of great spiritual eminence. Living in little
holes dug into the side of the hills high above the villages, they were regarded
by the whole tribe with awe and reverence, as men possessed of a pious and
mysterious gift. It is probable that the ancient art was never so highly developed
as it was by these Yohos ; and when, at eventide, from the darkness of the
mountain side, there rolled forth the deep, Sonorous tones, the villagers bowed
their heads and abased their bodies, for to them this was as the voice of Kalem,
their god.
From this till some centuries later history is a complete blank in regard
to the Belchers. This, however, with one notable and extraordinary exception,
related in full by Flatus Augustus. The scene is a spring afternoon in the
Colosseum of old Rome. The galleries are thronged. But the show is poor.
The Christians have put up less than their usual resistance, and the crowd is
plainly bored. Even old Gunga, the favourite and fiercest lion, has refused to
perform with his usual vigour. There are cries of "Give us back our denarii,"
and the management is growing uneasy. At this moment there strides into the
ring a man of most bizarre and striking appearance. So unusual is his carriage
that the mutterings of the crowd are at once hushed, and he marches in silence
to the centre of the arena. Then follows that remarkable and astonishing scene
which Flatus describes so graphically. "The Christian, his arms folded, stood
32

motionless under the gaze of the wondering multitude. Suddenly, his mouth
opening, he sends fOrth a startling belch. At this sound the lions, composed
to rest and slumbering, lift up their tawny manes and stare incredulous. Again
he lets out his moving belch. At this the lions, with prompt alacrity, rise, and,
approaching the stranger, surround him with wheeling circles. Even Gunga,
too, sedate in years and mature in judgment, joins the moving wheel. Waiting
no longer, the Christian, raising his voice so that it ascends to heaven, sends
out belch after belch. Faster and faster swings the ring of lions, until at length,
able no longer to restrain themselves, they leap into the air and cry out with
sheer glee. Thus, surrounded by the gambolling lions, who, playing, snap at his
heels and at his hand upraised to 'please them, the Christian proceeds with
unhurrying leisure along the arena's edge,'until at length, coming to the open
gateway, he lifts up his voice with one last rolling belch, and, passing out, is
never seen or heard of afterwards. The astonished crowd sits unmoving until
at last the Emperor, his 'tongue being loosed, cries out in ecstasy, "Salve Deum
crens !"*
As has been said, this is the one account in history for some centuries of
the ancient practice. But it had not died out, and, indeed, the next chapter in
its 'history is one of the most glorious. There is no more inspiring or exciting
reading than the account given by Fray Antonio Agapida of the part played by
the Belchers in the reconquest of Granada from the Moors. It was the genius
of Don Fernando de Blanco which first perceived the military possibilities of
the Belchers, or Gomees, as they were called. It was at the time of the siege of
Malaga. Fortune was not favonring the arms of Spain, and some" immediate
and bold measure was necessary to allay the factious mutterings of the artily. It
was then that Don Fernando recrtiited secretly a battalion of Belchers, and,
placing them under the command of his so_ n-in-law, Ortega de Prad, had them
hurriedly trained as storm troops. At last the day came when a direct attempt
was to be made on the walls of the city. At the break of day the troops of
Fernado flung themselves on the ramparts. But after a sanguinary -battle, they
were repulsed. Again and again they advanced to the attack, but with even
less success. Everything seemed lost. For eight hours the chivalry of Spain
had dashed itself with no effect on the grim ramparts. The exulting Moors
from within their barricades saw the distress of the enemy, and were preparing
to swoop out and finally put them to flight. At this moment there appeared
from a defile on the northern side of the city the Gomees of de Prad. Sweeping
right up to the city walls, they hurled at the astonished guards their fullest
efforts. Before these could recover their presence of mind, the Gomees had leapt
over the wall, and, with high-spirited gallantry, hurled 'themselves with their
sinister method of attack on the assembled Moors. So overwhelmed were these
that they were seized with panic,. and, throwing away swords, lances, breastplates,
cross-bows, everything that could impede their motion, scattered themselves
wildly in all directions. Thee triumph of Fernando was complete, whilst
the Gomees were specially called before the Queen, and gave an exhibition of
their art, though, at her request, with less energy than they had displayed
against the Moors.
So through the ages the practice has been handed down from mouth to
mouth, until, in our own time, it finds its devotees amongst a certain sect within
the University, whose members are the legitimate successors of the Bromydes,
the Yohoes, the Gomees. They have acquired no mean proficiency in the art,
and, if at sundown one enters their portals, one may hear them gently chanting,
calling and answering, through modulation on modulation, their ancient and
mellowed cries. —XALPHA.
*Taylor translates this, "Gorblime ! What a snifter !"
33

ulk), patient—A 1Ragtime 1Revue.
Dramatis Personae :
Studius .. Conscientious Student
W. J. Smith .. .. Male, wt. 4o, Labourer
Patient is discovered hiding behind a morning paper.
Studius enters boldly, and puts his face over the top of the paper.
Studius: "Good morning! How are you ?"
Patient: "Eh ?"
S. (louder) : "How are you this morning?"
P.: "I'm not too bad. How's yourself ?"
S.: "What do you complain of ?"
P.: "Do I know you?"
S.: "No; (sotto voce) but you will. What are you complaining of ?"
P.: "Can't say I'm complaining of anything. I reckon they treat you pretty
fair here. Don't you?"
S.: "Yes, yes. But what made you come in here ?"
P.: "It was the wife made me come up here. She says, "Ere, Bill, if you
don't go and—' "
S. (distinctly) : "No, I mean what symptoms caused you to seek treatment?"
P.: "You mean the pain in me tummy? If that's what you mean, now you're
talking."
S. (consulting notebook for procedure) : "How did it come on?"
P.: "I took bad—was it last Wednesday or Friday, now ? Anyhow, just as
I was gettin"ome from work, when it got me—just like a knife in you."
S. (after pause occupied by scratching this down, and another hasty look
at notebook) : "How many minutes did this pain last?"
P.: "I 'ad it all the week. Couldn't get no sleep at all! Not a wink ! Drove
the ol' woman so dizzy, she dragged me up here ! Fact !"
[Impressive silence, during which P. looks at S. with triumphant expression.]
S.: "Now for the identification."
P.: "Who?"
S.: "Your name is—is what?"
P.: "No, Smith's my name."
S.: "Your Christian name ?"
P.: "William John—after me granddad."
S.: "Your age?"
P.: "It's either forty or forty-one. I'll be able to tell you when
S. "This pain—Have you a good appetite for your food?"
P.: "Too right, I have. Never missed a meal in all me life."
S.: "Did the food affect the pain?"
P.: "Sometimes it a kind 'er would; other times it wouldn't. You know
'ow it is."
S. (trying fresh line of questioning) : "What was it your father died of ?"
P.: "Dad's alive and kicking—too true he is."
S.: "Then your mother is alive and well also?"
P.: "Mum's dead this five year come June. Died in the 'orspital."
[Studius (aside) : "Something at last."]
S.: "What was the illness your mother died of ?"
P.: "Accident. It was this way—"
[Studius (aside) : "Another dud."]
34
f

S.: "Let me see your tongue."
P.: "What?"
S.: "Put your tongue out."
[After enough of the tongue and its odour, Studius feels the pulse, auscultates
the apex, and, undecided what next to examine, commences to copy the
temperature chart.]
P.: "Heart all right, doctor?"
[Studius gets more and more mixed. He spies the resident's history only
three beds away. He must away to collect his thoughts and another person's
information.]
S. (clearly) : "I'll come and see you to-morrow."
P. (from behind his paper again) : "Oh, you needn't trouble. I'll be all
right."
[ Exit Studius resignedly.]
—R.W.N.
The class had been studying the wind all the week—its power, and so on—
until the subject had been pretty well exhausted. To stimulate interest, the
teacher said, in her most enthusiastic manner :—
"Children, as I came to school to-day in the train the door opened, and
something came softly in and kissed me on the cheek. What do you think it
was?"
And the children joyfully answered, "The guard !" —"L'Asino" (Italy).
El El Et El
"About whom did you study in Sunday school this morning ?" queried the
visiting minister of Jimmy, by way of establishing friendly relations with the
small son of his host and most active church member.
"About God," was the response.
"But you have heard a lot about God before, haven't you?"
"Yes, sire, when daddy is putting on the spare tyre."
—"Laguna Life" (U.S.A.).
I:1 El El El El El
First-Aid Instructor: "What would you do in the case of , a person being
blown up ?"
Pupil : "Wait till he came down."
—"Comrades" (S. Africa
35

lbospitat an pear 'Dotes.
Melbourne lbospttal 'Dotes.
"Like one that on a lonely Iliad doth walk in fear and dread ; and, having
once looked back, walks on, and turns no more his head, because he knows a
frightful fiend doth close behind him tread."
This extract from the ancient script gives some idea of the atmosphere of
the place at present. The Fourth Year are within measurable distance of August.
Fifth Year, with the Roman holiday provided by: die Narch Finals fresh in their
minds, feel much the same watery sensation -in,the spine that the old sailor man
gave himself up to. What's it going to be like next year ? There are more of
us to put the boot into, and there are more and bigger boots to do it with.
Gynaecology and Obstetrics to be made "bigger" subjects. Clinical Path. to be
"tightened up." Operative Surgery examiners are buckling on their spurs, and
straight-out Anatomy more important than. ever., On top of which we are to
have the honour of being the first to submit ourselves to the "little exam." in
Children's Diseases—which "none of you can feel the least apprehensive about,"
we are assured. And,_ungratAful dogs that, we are, the. assurance merely makes
the breeze more vertical.
Anyway, congratulations to all who successfully negotiated the whirlpools
and the rapids, the deeps and the shallows, and 'landed themselves high and dry
on the shores of the promised land. And first of; the lot to Kathleen Daly, who
broke the tape, and showed the field the way -holme. It's a long time since top
place has been won by a girl, and the pleasure in making the congratulation is
therefore greater.
The Exhibitioners turned up in Jim.'AiriSlie' (Medicine), Bish Carrington
(Surgery), and the Obstetrics - and Gynaecology was shared by Kathleen Daly and
Mrs. Prof. Osborne, the latter lady extending an already very broad domain
of activities by taking her M.B. and B.S. degrees.
The following new residents have taken up their abode, and congratulations
are hereby handed to. Drs. Daly and Hensley (Women), Ainslie, Carrington,
Burwood, Bennet, Nevill, Waterhouse, RoSs; Sharland, Reid, Hirschfield, Miller,
Fitzpatrick and Holman ; and to RegistrArs Andrews, Simpson, Pennington
and Hall.
36

We welcome Dr. S. 0. Cowen to the position of Hon. O.P. Physician.
Those who had the good fortune to be under him in Dr. Hiller's absence realise
what a valuable addition this appointment makes to the teaching staff.
We are sorry indeed to lose Dr. Patterson. His lectures and clinics were
of the greatest value, his enthusiasin an inspiration, and his manner a soothing
balm to the student. Particularly we recollect with pleasure his P.M. demonstrations,
than which it could .be, truthfully said the medical course held nothing
better. We congratulate him on his appointment to Duff House, England, and
also those with whom he will be associated there.
Commencement Saturday saw a good number of Meds. on the block in
fancy dress, and driving pretty hard bargains in buttons with the wary passer-by.
So long as "The Australia" stands Where it does there will always be a good team
of philanthropic workers for any cause at all. And at the University grounds
at night our side of the lake was fairly well represented. Only "fairly well" on
account of the somewhat injudicious application of Bacchanalian tonics on the
part of many whose frequently expressed intention it was to be "there." Intercollegiate
boat race in the afternoon was a factor for which apparently allowance
had not been made.
Never has the Scriptural expression, "New wine in old bottles," been more
revoltingly exemplified than in the introduction to the old locker room of sundry
glaringly new and distressingly blatant pieces of furniture simulating tables and
pseudo-easy chairs. These were originally intended for the Library, but to introduce
anything modern, not to say new, into the M.S.S. Library would strike so
discordant a note that the authors of the innovation falter before aiming such
a blow at tradition. The old lockers have been translated to the new locker room
up in Siberia, greatly to the discomfort of their owners, and where the present
vandalism is going to stop is something that nobody knows (like Dickie's problems).
The pessimistic maintain that there will be a new top put on the old
carved table, which will then be sold to buy a new garden seat to add to the
collection up above.
We would like to thank the Lady Superintendent and her staff of Sisters
and Nurses for the invitation to their entertainment and dance. That life is
mostly froth and bubble the bard has'drawn attention to some time ago. Anyone
seeking frivolity and light-hearted abandon is advised to attend the next Nurses'
dance. Unfortunately, they only occur about twice a year—there being an impression
(backed by a considerable weight of opinion) that Hospitals are for
sick people rather than for revelry. By covering a certain area of floor space
with bed cases, and letting loose sounds, vocal and instrumental, designed both
to amuse and entertain, the impression is created of a Concert for the Patients.
After three hours of this, that portion of the audience in the beds is removed,
and the independently mobile portion make merry in the space they've left.
And, while on the subject, let us take this opportunity of reminding ourselves
of the M.S.S. functions in the near future. It is not generally recognised
that membership of the Society imposes obligations as well as conferring benefits,
and none but the mentally moribund can ignore those obligations. It is to
be hoped that Melbourne Hospital members of the Society at least will rally
round, and ensure an attendance` At the Hare and Hounds Run, and the Dinner
in something like proportionate numbers.
With the introduction of the exam. in Kids' Diseases, the Children's Hospital
is a bigger factor in our lives, and the impression received by most of us
at that institution is that it is officered by men and women in whom efficiency can

exist side by side with the milk of human kindness. Harried as we are from
exam. to exam., the attitude adopted there of treating you as a future member
of the profession is appreciated. And the mental picture that remains is of a
monument of good fellowship, the top occupied by a figure in the semblance of
Dr. Jock Grieve—the embodiment of the spirit of the "Kids."
Rifreb lbospital 'Rotes.
Stardust sprinkled over the calm, dark waters of an encoralled lagoon, the
faint strains of a ukelele floating softly shorewards, the tinkling of glasses, and
the laughter of merry women, etc., is quite a passable beginning to a tropical
romance, but is no good as a beginning to the hospital notes. That's just the
trouble—to know how to begin.
We are poor starters generally at the A.H.; not even our new furniture has
yet been purchased, although enquiries have been made, and should result in
much added comfort to our rooms. A very necessary thing, this comfort, when
one thinks of those earnest students sitting there "till the morning sun gilds the
tapestries," etc.—anyhow, ask of the Colossal Coombe, and perhaps he'll explain.
The Surgical Wards at present remind one of the union rooms of the Amalgamated
Ice-cream Vendors—in the former case, however, the masses of whitecoated
beings are the Fourth Year invading the wards for the first time, awestruck
at the "long white rows of beds," and reverentially admiring the long
white coats of the new residents. Great idea„ those long coats, especially when
you think how difficult'it must be for a resident medical officer to get his trousers
patched.
Each month sees fresh sacrifices in the , cause of science, as, pair by pair,
we take our turn in the Antarctic Regions, Lat, D4.
To conclude with some famous deeds by famous men :—
"Mac" has for this year become an amateur Sherlock Holmes, and is hot
on the trail of the Tubercle Bug in England. We hope he finds out quite a
lot about the little devil, and manages to have a good time in the meantime.
Congratulations are due to six of last year's students in getting on as residents,
and to three of the old residents in becoming registrars.
Keith Brown won the under 21 championship at the autumn tennis tournament,
and a place in the Inter-'Varsity team, vhich won the Niall Cup. Born
very young, this promising player showed an early aptitude for the game by
his dexterity with his rattle. By the way, isn't he like his dear old Dad?
One notices that "Spudder" is back again. Nuff sed!
Jim Buchanan, who also calls one of our Honoraries "Papa," has once more
shown his back to the remaining seven of the Victorian eight.
"Jerry," the Vet., has been elected Sheik of the Sharpshooters, or somethin'.
Surely he at least will not be shot on boat-race night.
"While fillin' yore glasses, gen'lemen, to drink to these 'ere sports, I would
just like to say." The Mob : "One, two . . ."
%t. Vincent's I4otes.
Another year has passed, and it would be hard to start the new one better
than by congratulating the Fifth Year men who covered themselves and the
Hospital with honour—or, perhaps better, with honours. Theirs was perhaps
38

the best all round performance St. Vincent's has known since the foundation of
its Clinical School some few years ago. To get three honours and then not a
residency has been far from the rule in previous years. It happened, however,
this year, and it is doubly unfortunate that such a popular chap as Kevin O'Day
should be singled out as the exception.
The new men have started rather shyly at first, especially in the case of
Frank, who seems worried with the long coat. Nevertheless, Hayden, D'arcy,
King and Brew are a competent quartet, from whom student difficulties will
elicit not only sympathy but assistance. Good luck to the retiring four. "Scrog"
at least will need a rest after his strenuous term.
While speaking of final exams., etc., one thinks there is reasonable ground
for complaint in regard to the Clinical Exams. in Med. and Surgery. Indeed, .
it is very questionable whether they should count as much as they do in the ultimate
result—especially in Honours. It is essentially a matter of luck as to what
case and what examiner turns up. Some require more time than others, and
some are more difficult and cover a wider field. Moreover, some examiners
make their time too valuable and many of their questions too abstruse. In not
a few cases we have had drummed into our ears at clinics and lectures that the
apparently simple cases frequently require at least an hour's thorough examination.
What, then, of the Honour cases, which have rarely a semblance of
simplicity ?
The first meeting of the Clinical Society was held on April 12th. Three
very interesting cases were presented for discussion. Ern. Burton deserves
special mention for the thorough way in which he prepared his case—one of
acromegaly. Dan. Crotty moved a vote of thanks to Dr. Shaw for presiding.
In reply he apologised for tackling medical cases with a surgeon's experience.
However, as Mr. Little said in reply, Dr. Shaw's medical knowledge appeared
as extensive as his surgical—almost unlimited. It is to be regretted that more
of the honoraries do not show more interest in these meetings ; their assistance
and co-operation would be vastly appreciated.
The "Resident Studentship" difficulty is still unsettled. Evidently it is of
little or no concern to the authorities, for no effort has been made to remedy
the defect. Their idea of a rather important part of our course seems to be
two meals, two lectures, two anaesthetics, and twopence home on the tram every
night for a cold two weeks. Apart from the four who are lucky enough to
secure residencies, that fortnight is really the only occasion during which a
student has the opportunity of gaining first-hand, practical hospital experience.
Surely we deserve better treatment in this matter. One man's fees would provide
the necessary accommodation.
Our part in the Commencement was memorable. Everyone entered into the
proceedings with spirit, and, as a result, things moved swimmingly. In jocund
mood, rotund Kevin insisted that Scan had been "lost in the Baw Baws"—what
time the "water froze in the taps." From the latter delusion we believed Scan
must have disappeared that evening, and discovered Ernest about to scale the
peaks of Wilson Hall. We are still waiting for an explanation.
With Casey, Keane, Crotty and Burton for committee, a Social Club was
formed among the students. A motor boat trip up the Maribyrnong opened the
proceedings. In spite of some unlooked for events which cropped up at the
eleventh hour, the day was enjoyed tremendously by all present. The next item
mooted is a dance.
39

Fourth Year men are beginning to work. As usual, Public Health excursions
are the cause of much commotion and enthusiastic investigation. On a few
occasions Eccles has startled some of the more somnolent from their reveries
by quoting the numbers of the specimens in the Path. Museum. He is supposed
to have a rough outside chance of getting most of his subjects.
One of our lady students returned from the Women's with a palpebral
'ecchymosis. The occurrence is rather unique; though, according to accounts,
some of the men in the other divisions narrowly escaped.
Dr. Nelly has presented several more volumes to the library. He had previously
given numerous valuable works, and his generosity is much appreciated
by the students. However, the present library system—if there is one—does not
allow of every student securing full benefit of the extensive collection.. It is a
pity, in a way7—the library should be for all the students, for all time, and at
any time
fourtb Vera 'Rotes.
Four t h
e r
\--ect u r es
/ -
.4
111■14011 IBM Siam'
?et h ology
■1!
n a-0,94
ummos sinw
/- ---
?
^-
‘ __ ---
11.34. simAs
twill 1116111
Obst-ern. 5
00%
\
°„°
40
'P G .
00

'nab Pear 'Rotes.
We started off the year with great spirits, for had not Prof. Berry himself
told us that he confidently expected at least 100 % of passes ? We all remembered
the repeated spilling of midnight oil last year, and looked forward to a
life of ease this year—to be sadly disillusioned. One fair student, who had made
a mark against every page that Dicky told us was "a favourite site of exam.
question," found, on revision, to her extreme joy, that the whole volume was
so marked.
Commencement, particularly the Gala Night, went off with a great swing.
Amorous students on that night should remember that the Medical School steps
are for the convenience of Medical students, and not for the low philanderers
of other Schools.
We regret that the Third Year show was not supported as it should have
been. It was left to a few enthusiasts to carry out what should have been the
duty of the whole year. Thanks are voted to Mr. Bottomley, to whose unselfish
help much of the play's success was due.
IT IS RUMOURED—
THAT Mr. Preston has refused a million-dollar contract to be lantern-man
at Hoyt's.
THAT Wally is going to have a haircut when he draws his Prosector's
"fiver."
THAT Alice is acquiring a blase air.
THAT Honour men at Table 26 are subscribing towards a gag for a
loquacious member.
THAT we are the most brilliant Third Year since 1788.
THAT we are the least brilliant.
THAT Wolfe will have to buy a trailer to accommodate his many friends
who cannot afford a tram-fare.
THAT the so-called von Piquet was a Wassermann.
THAT several of us are scared thereby.
THAT Mr. Barnes should make public his method of hair lubrication, and
earn the thanks of a grateful nation.
THAT Ossy's hat is a graceful tribute to the American nation.
Secon0 pear 'Rotes.
Said the student to his wife :
"Femur, dear, upon my life,
Second year is all surprises ;
Sudden jolts without the rises.
How could any man be merry,
Fed on Anderson and Berry ;
Hurley hunting human yolks,
'Ossy' dropping subtle jokes,
Young forgetting, like a filbert,
All his tales of wicked Gilbert;
While beyond our daily toil
Looms the evil midnight oil?
—But, to leave our petty Hell,
Here in part's our personnel:---
41

Eighty men and maidens ten,
Doctors, Profs., and Jack Egan,
Aggregate to fill our year.
As you guess, the issue's queer.
Note amongst them, keen as granite,
Naughty Nettie, joyful Janet,
`Chic' Viola, Lois coy,
(—And who is that red-haired boy ?)
Maidens full of fancy, Phyllis,
Molly, Eileen, daily thrill us.
See them cut with ruthless knife,
(So they cut at dawn of life)
Showing with a scalpel gory,
Mother-instinct in its glory!
Sometimes only does this vary,
As when L—s, like a fairy
Floating faintly through the door,
Fleetly flits across the floor.
Still we study in our trade
Labyrinths of man and maid;
Colour, smell of plants that sicken;
Men with colic, mag-sulph-stricken.
Pity help the hopeless living,
When for cash our skill we're giving!
Now through columns of the paper
Here's to our Commencement caper !
Second Year show was divine,
(So "The Age" says)—Arch was fine.
He, with Clinton and his band,
Broke more hearts than "Mud and Sand."
Stop! the midnight chimes are striking
Like the knock-kneeg of a Viking!
Night has fled, bestarred and frosty,
And it's time to tackle `Osty.'
For if pains within the liver
Should suggest the brimming river,
Do we pause to slumber ?—Never!
Like the brook we go forever!"
Father (sternly) : "My daughter, sir, will remain under the parental roof."
Suitor : "That's very kind of you; with the acute house shortage that will be
very convenient to both of us."
—"Answers" (England).
42
cg?

Atcobol as an Infectious Visease, witb some 1Rotes on the
Application of AntioCoxin Eberapv to this Visease.
By
A. WYLDE KNIGHT, A.K.Melb., V.B.'Scray, J.D.K.Z.
Out-patient to the Alfred Hospital, Consulting Sanitary Inspector to the
Royal Prince Edward (Hotel).
Historical Retrospect.
Pasteur was the first man to identify the yeast fungus as the cause of
fermentation.
Heule, who first suggested the loop the loop, averred in his two greatest
works, "On Thames" and "On Yarra," that vegetable organisms are the causal
agents in infectious diseases.
Trousseau, famous for having been married on his wedding day, confirmed
this.
So that we now have the following facts :—Alcohol is the toxin of the yeast
fungus; the yeast fungus is a vegetable organism ; vegetable organisms are the
cause of infectious diseases. Therefore alcohol is an infectious disease. The
reasoning is simple, and by its very simplicity convinces.
Let us now examine some of the main points of this disease.
Modes of Conveyance of Infection.
Contagion.—Often by fingers. These are frequently used as measures. Of
29,000 cases seen by me at the Hon. Jopkins Hospital, 28,999 said "Three
fingers, please." The other said "When."
Carriers.—Alcohol may persist outside the body, but only for a short time.
Found usually as a localised swelling in the gluteal region—phlasskoma.
Numerous outbreaks have been traced to carriers designated Runno de Rabitos.
Milk.—Sporadic cases appear to be often connected with the milk supply.
In the history it will often be found that the patient has come home with it.
Water.—Contamination by water has been proved without doubt.
(The student should now turn to the Appendix, which will be found at the
end of this article.)
Immunity.—All immunity is acquired.
Morbid Anatomy.—This may be observed in "The Herald." The body was
found at the point marked X in the accompanying picture (inset). Imprint of
hobnails observed near the scene.
Symptoms.—It is unnecessary in this short work to detail the symptoms.
The student should have a knowledge of these from his own observations.
As before observed, alcohol is but the toxin of the yeast fungus. A few
remarks on this toxin and its mode of circulation will not come amiss at this stage.
The circulating toxin acts in two ways :-
(a) The first action will be more readily demonstrated by the following
diagram:—
43

Where A, B, C, D, E and F represent six separate patients. Each in turn
utters a cry, which may be called a stomachic rather than cephalic one. The
words used are usually "This is mine." By the diagram one will see that this
means shouts all round. Thus the toxin circulates.
(b) The second action will also be more clearly seen by the aid of a
diagram :—
A is the patient. The circles represent the patient's progress while the
disease is at its height. The toxin is certainly circulating here.
With these facts in mind, and imbued with the spirit of the idea, I set
about the preparation of an anti-toxin to combat this circulating toxin.
My first step was to standardise the toxin. However, a difficulty arose at
this stage, as I was unable to find any animal which would die regularly on the
44

administration of a certain dose of alcohol, so as to determine theM.L.D. (maximum
lethal drink).
After many experiments it was found that zii (2 ozs.) of alcohol (i Jo%)
killed a crayfish of 250 grammes weight in the middle of the night. This
invariably occurred. Thus zii of alcohol (i leo), multiplied by too, was taken
as the unit of anti-toxin.
The next step was the preparation of the anti-alcoholic serum. Accordingly
an advertisement was inserted in "The Medical Annual" as follows :-
FREE ALCOHOL.
Apply 9 a.m., Tuesday. A.H.
After selecting 25 well-nourished men from the 23,000 applicants, I commenced
by inoculating each with attentuated alcohol. (Water impregnated with
CO2 at a pressure of 3 atmospheres was used as a diluting medium in every
case.) The doses were then gradually increased, and given at intervals of time
of to minutes. Each dose was sufficient to produce a slight reaction from which
the patient frequently recovered in the intervals.
Administration was carried out by employing a "neat" incision in the elbow
region, with the joint well flexed.
Such was the condition of each man in a month that no anatsthetic was
needed to draw off blood from the hepatic veins (these' were chosen' on account
of their easy accessibility.) The blood so drawn off was run into Dewar's flasks
and allowed to coagulate. The free serum was then decanted into decanters.
Before administering anti-toxin, it is necessary to discover if the patient
needs such. That is, to see whether the patient is immune or not. For this
purpose I have perfected a simple test which I have named "Schick-ers Test."
A small amount* of toxin is injected. A positive reaction is when the following
syndrone is observed :—
Circumoral smile, followed by logorrhcea, with occasionally disorientation
as to time and place.
This indicates that the patient is not immune. The converse holds true.
It was with some difficulty that I obtained three persons who were not
immune, and injected them with anti-toxin. A short history of each case and
the result obtained is appended :—
Case I.—A.B., wheat lumper, att. 32. Never tasted alcohol, but was willing
to try. I injected to,000 units. He assured me of its great success. Said he
could drink all day, and always was sober. A month later I heard of his
departure to U.S.A. By the cables I followed his progress across America :
"Wisconsin, Dry," "Minnesota, Dry," "New Jersey, Dry. '
Case II.—Unnamed, mot. 3 minutes. Injected 5000 units without preliminary
"Schicker Test." One minute later methylated spirits were poured on the
child's chest to induce breathing. This had .no effect. The child died, thus
proving the efficacy of the anti-toxin.
Case III.—X.Y., University student, art. 21. The youth's father came to
me and laid the case before me. He said that his son, on his daily trip to the
University, was compelled to pass the Carlton Brewery. The fumes emanating
from this source seemed to have an intoxicating effect on the youth. I injected
15,000 units, and a week later the father called to say that ever since his son'
had appeared quite normal. I have before me his letter of thanks. I have also
before me a letter of thanks from the son, coupled with a request for another
15,000 units.
*Weather conditions will determine the amount.
45

The success of these experiments has enabled me without diffidence to offer
to the Nation for £3o,000 all the anti-toxin in my possession, with full details
for manufacturing the same.
My thanks are due to Dr. Glen Livett for the use of the laboratories under
his charge, and to Drs. Scott, Windsor and Menzies for allowing me to work
in their wards at their respective hospitals.
Appendix. — The appendix, unfortunately, is retro-cxcal. See cxcurn.
fliDetastasez from Oarious loci.
From "Harvard Lampoon"—
"Breathes there a man with soul so dead,
Who never to himself hath said,
This is my own, my fav'rite gland."
From "Sydney Sun"—
"Miss Betty Brown, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A. H. Brown, was taken to
hospital suffering from intestinal pneumonia."
Been breathing too deep.
From "Age"—
"Wanted : General, to clean and relieve nurse, when required."
Do us !
From "Dublin Post"—
Magistrate (at Irish court) : "The next person who cries 'Down with England'
will be thrown into the street."
Prisoner : "Down with England."
From "S.M.H."—
"A costly racing launch burned after being beached on the coast; the engineer
was scorched and suffered at a lonely spot."
Always a tender place.
From "The Herald"—
"The Hampton Life Saving Club was on the beach this morning, practising
at bringing in the drowning, and resuscitating the prostate bodies."
It's a wonder this new method has never struck anyone before.
From "The Illustrated London News"—
"Gold stools found in Tutankhamen's tomb."
The magnificence of these ancients!
From "The London Daily News" —
"He was admitted to the hospital for an operation of the bowels."
Many of us don't go to the hospital for that.
From "The Argus"—
"The coroner found that death was due to exposure, after a P.M. examination."
It's a scandal!
From "The Lancet"—
"How can the practitioner best serve the patient with Renal Disease?"
A Sauce of Infection, well stirred up, might do.
46

From "The Aussie."
STOMACH TO STOMACH TALKS.
By H.M.
Humour in a medical journal is not expected; but "The American journal
of Public Health" thrusts home some health truths in "The Diary of a Stomach."
Here is the stomach's record of a day's suffering :-
"10 a.m.—Oh, dear ! Another warm day. Wonder if I'll be abused as I
was yesterday. If I am, I'm going on strike. Just disposed of a half-chewed
breakfast. We ran for the train, which meant I was so jiggled about and so
tired that it took me twice as long to do my work. Hope she gives me an hour
or two of complete rest before anything more comes my way.
"10.3o a.m.—Two glasses of ice-water have just arrived. It will take all
the energy I can pump up in the next hour just to warm me up to normal again.
"io.5o a.m.—Half-chewed breakfast did not satisfy her, and she bought
some peanuts and started again.
"12 noon.—Peanuts have been drifting along steadily ever since. Think
she has finished them, too.
"12.30 p.m.—Decided she wasn't very hungry, and, instead of a good solid
dinner, sent me down a cold egg-nogg heavy with chocolate. Could have
managed it all right if it hadn't been so unnaturally cold, but that made it terribly
difficult to deal with.
"'Jo p.m.—More ice-water.
"I.40 p.m.—Was mistaken about the peanuts; she found another handful
in the bottom of her vanity bag, and now I am getting them again.
"2.5 p.m.—More ice-water.
"2.10 p.m.—She has been lifting some heavy books, and, as usual, used my
muscles, instead of her arm muscles. You see, she's never had any proper
physical education—soft, flabby, slouchy sort. Tired me almost as much as a
six-course dinner.
"3.20 p.m.—Furtive fellow has brought us a box of caramels. Just heard
her say, 'Oh, dear ! I don't feel a bit well. The milk in that egg-nog must have
been sour.'
"6.30 p.m.—We played a set of tennis before dinner, and here I am all tired
out and a lot of work to do.
"6.5o p.m.—We were invited by a sissy sport with a belt on his coat to have
a soda before going home. Had a lemon phosphate and then had to run for a car.
"7 p.m.—Fried 'taters, cucumbers, veal cutlets, catsup, cookies and canned
blueberries. What do you know about that?
"7.45 p.m.—We are strolling down to the corner with a knock-kneed guy
in a sport shirt and white pants for a pineapple walnut college ice.
"8.2o p.m.—Got home, and found somebody had made some iced-tea. She
drank two glasses. I tried hard to keep the tea and the college ice separated,
but they mixed in spite of me. I go on strike.
"8.3o p.m.----I have sent back the college ice and the iced-tea.
"8.4o p.m.—Returned the blueberries.
"8.45 p.m.—And the peanuts.
"9 p.m.—The devil to pay—can't get the doctor.
"9.17 p.m.—Doctor found at the movies. Mother thinks it's a weak stomach
she inherited from her father. Knock-knee suggests it's the beastly weather
--the big boob !
"9.45 p.m.—Doctor says it is from a bilious temperament. Good-night !"
47

Ebe Atfreb's Coming Fete.
The big fete to be held in the grounds of the Alf red Hospital on 28th and
29th September is going to be "the best ever." This is the prediction of students
on the spot, who ought to know, seeing that they are organising some plain and
fancy stunts for the occasion. The Alfred recently .grew completely °tit of its
swaddling clothes, and is now reaching out for garments of full maturity, which
it will reach at the end of this year, when there will be 34o beds, and further
expansion in sight. A powerful committee is running the fete, and it is expected
that the students' part in the affair will be a feature of the two days and nights ,.
Eves 1Rigbt or Wrong.
So I took her to see an oculist.
We arrived with commendable punctuality, and were ushered by an obsequious
menial into the impressive gloom of the waiting room, where six others
were already patiently waiting.
On our entry all eyes were turned in our direction—all, that is, save the sky
blue organ in the left socket of the tall man third from,the right. This maintained
its steadfast regard of the ceiling with an impassivity that caused one to
suspect it spent its nights in the glass on the washstand along with the false teeth.
We seated ourselves with what assurance we could muster under the circumstances,
though I must confess to a sudden tightening of the collar when I discovered
the small boy with the alternating squint in the act of "changing eyes"
while fixing the end of my nose.
The voice of the menial
upraised.
The silence was unbroken.
Suddenly it was rudely shattered by the
voice of the menial upraised in a demand for
"Mr. Jinks."
The tall man third from the right started
convulsively, with the immediate effect of causing
his left eye to spring smartly into the fireplace,
whence it was retrieved by the small boy, and
returned to its owner with the graceful remark,
"Your eye, sir, I fancy." The silence was once
more unbroken. , 't
It was our turn next, and, proudly answering
to the name which has run not a few times
through the echoing arches of the temple of
fame, we rose at the menial's gentle bellow of
"Mr. and Mrs. Smith."
She wafted us through a hospitable open
door into the brilliantly lit surgery. In one corfier,
under the concentrated glare of several electrics,
stood what I took to be the Western equivalent
of the Rosetta Stone. In the diametrically
opposed corner stood a forbiddingly aloof
chair, over which glowed a ( ?) sacred lamp.
48

The doctor advanced to meet us with the
Collins Street smile on his lips, and, waving my
wife towards the lone chair, dug himself in behind
a huge desk.
"Now," he said genially, "why do you come
in to see me ?"
"We're strangers to Melbourne," I answered,
"and yours was the first optician's plate we
saw."
The smile on the doctor's face became even
more Collins Streety, but he spoke suavely
enough.
"But what leads you to search for an oculist
at all ?"
"It's her eyes," I replied. "She has glasses,
but she thought they needed changing, though
she used to be able to see beautiful with them.
But I said to her
PI
He waved me to silence with a magnificent
gesture, and turned questioningly to my wife.
On receipt of her explanation, he sprang
up, and, abstracting from a case a contraption
not unlike a rachitic cavalry bit, fitted it across
her nose, and, blocking up one eye with a little
disc, called upon her to "read, please."
The Doctor advanced to meet
us with the Collins Street
smile on his lips.
My wife responded by
rendering some of the
sprightly stanzas engraved on
the Rosetta Stone. She read
down as far as I could see,
and then made up a whole lot
more on her own account.
The doctor rewarded her
by putting in each eye a drop
from a gaily colored bottle,
which he selected from a
battalion of its fellows who
gave to one of his tables the
pleasing appearance of that
now extinct institution, an
American Bar. If you'd seen
the fuss she made !
I nearly died laughing.
Then I strolled over to where
she was sitting to see how
Blocking up one eye with a little
disc. many of the letters I could
read.
When I told the doctor how far I could get he raised his eyebrows until he
appeared to be bald, made me sit down in the chair of penance, and awarded me
the Order of the Ferrous Face-piece (no class).
b 49

One eye was jake, but, with the other, all save the most arresting of the
letters were invisible to me.
The doctor removed the birdcage from my nose, and with it a modicum of
the epithelial covering of that organ—a fact he was much too preoccupied to
notice.
"Look out of the window," he says, all of a sudden. "Now at my finger.
Now out the window. At my finger. Out the window."
"It's no go, doc," I says. "I've studied the little grey books, and you can't
bamboozle—" but he switched on an electric torch a few inches from my face,
and fairly took my breath away. Then he switched it off, then on, then off,
then on again.
"What's it advertising, doc?" I asked. "I can't make out the lettering."
That seemed to rile him a bit, for he asked me to look up, and emptied into
each eye about half a hatful of strong nitric.
Hurt? I should say ! And to hear my wife laugh you'd have thought I
was making a fuss about nothing. Heartless, I call it!
He seemed to tire of us after that, and drafted us off into a half-dark room
"to wait till the drops had acted." Acted, indeed! I'd had enough action for
one day, but the window wouldn't open, and the only door was the one communicating
with his surgery, so I sat down.
After about ten minutes, when I was three-parts blind, and getting worse
every minute, in he comes again with his squirter loaded in barrel and magazine:
and held at "the ready." I unlaced my hoots. By the time I again reached the
surface he had vanished.
After a while he led us back into his surgery, and, setting me up in the
sacrificial chair, again fitted the trial frame on my face. His next move was
to turn on a fair sizzler of a light just abaft my right ear. I broke out in a
gentle sweat, but, thinking to "crack hardy," said :
"How do you like 'em, doc? Hard or lightly done?"
But he never smiled.
Instead he stood off a pace or so, fitted a little shiny instrument up against
his eye, and projected a beam of overproof brilliance—bing !—f air into my right
eye. I ducked and smothered as best 1 could, but that beam of light followed
me around.
"Look at my forehead," says the doctor.
His f orehead! All I could see was a shiny green blur with his legs under
it, and all the sparks of Morwell darting from its centre. However, I kept
what remained of my gaze glued on where I had last seen his noble brow, and
he seemed satisfied.
Suddenly he switched off the fireworks, fitted a couple of glasses before
my eye, and—
"Now tell me what you read," he says.
"Not much, doctor," I answered. "The paper of a morning, and sometimes
the Spec—"
"No, no," he says, quite snappish. "What can you read on that card in
the corner?"
I could see nothing but the good old
chapter headings from the Rosetta Stone,
E. TB. DLN."
"Ve-ery good," he says, with a smirk.
if I hadn't altered the card."
50
blur, but I remembered a few of the
so I began—
"And they would be quite correct-

By the time I had recovered a bit the blur was lifting, so I obliged with
that truly noble passage which commences, "B. DE. TBR."
Soon I came to where the letters get all blurry, and then the doctor took
a hand.
He did something to the crockery before my eye.
"Is it better now ?" he says.
"L.F.O.," I answered.
"Is it any better ?" he asks.
"I can see the letters, but I can't tell what they are."
"Is it worse, then?"
"It's not any better. I can't see it."
"But is it better or worse ?"
"Oh, no. It's not any worse. It's clear for the big ones, but then they
look double to me."
He altered the lenses again.
"Is that better ?" he says.
"They look like Chinese characters now," I replied. "Now they look as
if they had lines through them."
He twisted the lenses a bit more.
"Oh, now they look upside down," I exclaimed.
"Read on," he says grimly, "I was born that way."
I was pretty mad by this time, so replied : "Well, you'll die right side up—
with a rope to keep you so."
But you can't ruffle these Collins Street coves—not outwardly. He just
heaves a bit of a sigh.
"Mr. Smith," he says, "tell me. Can you see better like that or like this ?"
"Like what ?" I snaps.
"I altered the lenses a bit," says he, speaking very slow. "Can you see better
with them as they are now ?"
"No," I says. "Just about the same."
"Well, is it better like this?" he says, monkeying with the glasses again.
"Much of a muchness," I replied.
"Bone. Pure bone," he mutters, sort of "so so voice." Then out loud,
"Please read the letters and I'll judge for myself."
"B. DE.," I began, but he interrupted.
"In the sacred name of sanity, I conjure you to omit the earlier chapters,
and to read only the lowest line you can manage."
"I can't see it," I confessed. "It only looks like a row of dots to me."
"But I merely asked for the lowest line you could SEE," he fairly shouted.
"The sixth," I said.
"Oh, read it, read it," he says.
"I can't, after all," I replied. "Only a letter here and there."
"Well, try the line above it."
"PZE—PZE—er—and then I can't make out the next letter. It may be a
U or an E or—"
"Call it a 'U'," he says with a sigh.
"USC," I finished triumphantly.
He made me sit down in front of a black curtain.
"Put your chin on the cross-bar," he says.
"My chin ?"
51

"Yes, your chin—that gentle declivity connecting your lower lip with your
pomum adami, on which a sparse vegetation maintains a precarious existence."
I did so.
"Now," he says, brisk as a bookmaker, "cover your left eye with your
fingers, watch the white dot in the centre of the curtain, and tell me when you
see the other dot appear below."
I raised my head.
"What other dot?" I asked.
"This one I am holding in my hand," he shouts, waving it.
"I can see it all the time," I said, with a grin.
"Yes, but you're looking at it," he snaps. "Put your chin back on the
cross-bar, watch the centre dot, and tell me when you see the other one."
"NOW," I yells suddenly, and nearly bit my tongue off. I'd forgotten
about that blamed cross-bar.
"Didn't you see it before that?" he says.
"Not much before," I answers through clenched teeth.
At last he was finished (he gave the wife a terrible easy spin).
"Now I shall want to see you both again in a couple of days' time," he says
with a smile. "Just look up a moment, please."
I hadn't noticed the eye-dropper in his hand, and by the time I recovered
my breath we were both in the street, half blinded by the glare of the sun, in
spite of a thick fog which had descended on the city since we went in to the
doctor.
Oculists is Hades !
—"BRASSARD."
LISTER'S FIRST EXPERIMENT WITH THE DRAIN-TUBE.
(From Wrench's " Life of Lord Lister.")
"Lister opened an abscess beneath Queen Victoria's arm. The operation
was successful. He put in a strip of carbolic lint to keep the wound open
for drainage. But, unfortunately, the matter of the abscess did not come away
properly, and the Queen was still feverish and in pain. Lister, disturbed by
this unfavourable course, walked alone: in the grounds of Balmoral, a
lonely walk being his custom when he had a difficult problem to solve. During
his cogitations it 'occurred to him that a piece of indiarubber tubing
might form an excellent path of exit to the discharge of a wound. It is illustrative
of Lister's bold faith in himself that, though his patient was the
highest in the land, he did not hesitate to make her the first subject of this
experiment. He returned from his walk, cut a piece of tubing from the spray
apparatus, and soaked it all night in carbolic. In the morning he made use
of it, and at the next dressing, to his 'inexpressible joy,' the discharge was
thin and watery."
52
0,0

d
//
op
N
000 luck, 'Ilan 1
Our tennis contributor, whose identity is not difficult to guess, has written
little concerning Ian McInnes. We think that something more should be said
on the matter.
. Congratulations, Ian ! on your selection in the Davis Cup team.
I. D. McInnes is the first present student of the Melbourne "Shop" to be
thus honoured, though two past students—P. O'H. Wood and R. C. Wertheim—
have previously represented Australia in the Davis Cup.
McInnes, though only lately turned 21, has been a front rank tennis player
for years. He won the under 21 championship several times, and has been very
successful in Interstate and championship tournaments. He ranks fourth in
Victoria at present, after Patterson, Wood and Hawkes.
McInnes' plpy is characterised by extreme grace of style. He has command
of every stroke, and knows when to use them. A little more sting, given by
greater size and strength, would make him a champion. Good luck !
Cricket.
We started off the season with great dash, putting it all over district
teams, having our photos. printed in the "Herald," and making victorious
swoops on both Adelaide and Sydney. The end of the season was a bad anticlimax,
however, and we finished up very much amongst the "also rans."
It was a great season in many ways, though. In the first place, there
was our magnificent win in the Inter-'Varsity, the first time we've raised the
two flags for many years. What great matches they were ! No so much
because of the closeness of the scores (we won both pretty easily), but
53

ecause of the pleasure of meeting such enthusiastic players and such cheery
sportsmen as the Adelaide and Sydneyites. Inter-'Varsity stands head over
shoulders above the rest of the matches in interest and enjoyment. It is the
climax of the season.
Then there was the immense success of Les. Freemantle, who, like the
great cricket artist he is, rose to the zenith of his University career in his
last year. And what a year ! Inter-club, Inter-'Varsity, Inter-State, and a
star performer in all ! We suppose it's "good ye" to dear old Les. If it is,
he has with him a good deal more in the way of "best wishes" than can be set
down in black and white. Few greater cricketers have walked on to the
University ground than Les.; no greater sportsman.
Bill Bailey captained the team this year. Bill leads us as a sergeant-
major grills his favorite squad—in paroxysms of roaring at any slight mistake,
but with only the gruffest acknowledgment of any well-executed feat.
To mention one thing he has done, the fielding of the team has improved 5o
per cent. Bill had one or two triumphs in the junior interstate teams, but his
greatest triumph was in refraining from swearing at the umpire in the
Adelaide Inter-'Varsity match. Bill Irvine had a rotten batting season, but
his skill at fielding and poker still excites the greatest admiration. Jack
Hasker was the great find of the season, his favorite disguise being that of a
stonewall, a disguise which he was able to throw off at any moment in a most
startling manner. "Langie" was the high-velocity gun of the "battery," as
the Adelaide papers call it, and at the end of the season had in his bag such
champions as Ransford and Ryder. Baring, too, won't easily forget the ball
that clean bowled him. Bern. Baker bowled the wily leg theory, his famous
shooter being particularly destructive in Adelaide. "Jorg.," the other lefthander,
left his mark on the Adelaide team, too, but was able to heal the
wound at the dinner by a touching rendering of Rachmaninoff's "Prelude."
Normey Mitchell put up his great effort with Ern. Austin in the opening
innings against Adelaide. He is known, too, amongst district teams as the
mystery bowler. Cliffey Craig showed some patches of excellent form behind
the stumps, and was at one end of a number of batting partnerships. Ian
Wood was a great battler at point in the Inter-'Varsity matches, bowled
with head in Adelaide, and played a most dashing last-wicket innings in
Sydney. Roy Beattie lifted some great drives to the outfield when he was
batting, and stopped a good many lifts to the outfield when he was fielding.
Altogether it was a highly enjoyable season, in spite of our later defeats.
If Dick Porter is about at the end of this year we think we'll be able to do
without these defeats next season.
footbali.
As the season is but yet a pup we can have but little news, except the
arrangements' that have been made for the season and the results of the few
matches played.
There are still sixteen clubs in the M.A.F.A. So it was necessary to have
two divisions, as last year, but the first division comprises the best eight teams,
of which two are "Shop" teams. The other division is made up of the eight
weaker teams.
The office-bearers for 1923 were elected at the annual general meeting, and
are as follow
54

President: Prof. A. J. Ewart.
Vice -Presidents: Prof. Skeats, MT. 12'. C. Heatley, Mr. E. C. Crawford Mr.
A. O'Brien, Dr. A. S. M. Tymms.
Hon. Secretary: Mr. J. 0. Smith.
Hon. Treasurer: Mr. J. R. Hasker.
Committee: Vessrs. R. Broadbent, R. Sholl, NV. Orchard, F. Rusden, and
K. Morrison.
The two teams have been kept as much as possible the same as last year,
but at present on paper the Blues appear to have a slightly stronger side, but
when the whips are out in the finals we are sure the Blacks will be there.
The Blues are captained by K. Morrison, while L. Lockwood is vice-captain.
Up to the present they have been defeated by Hampton, Old Scotch Collegians
and the Blacks. Without wishing to detract from our opponents' performances.
we state that they were extremely unlucky not to beat Hampton, while they met
Scotch in the vac., with a very weak side. Against the Blacks, also, they were
considerably weakened, as the scores indicate : Blacks, to.i6; Blues, 5.13.
The Blacks are captained by N. F. Mitchell, and W. Orchard is vice-captain.
So far they have had three wins and two defeats. They have beaten Old
Xaverians, Elsternwick and the Blues. They were defeated by Scotch in the
first match of the season, and by Hampton at the Hampton ground (where they
have only won one match during the last three seasons). But we venture to predict
a rather warm reception for Hampton when they meet the Blacks on the
oval, as the latter, we believe, mean to prove well and truly that they can play
football and then some.
One very pleasing feature is that keenness seems to be increasing, and, as
this was very conspicuous by its absence at the beginning of the season, it argues
well for our chances this year, and for the building up of a strong Inter-'Varsity
team, which we trust will reverse the result of last year.
During the past season the M.U.B.C. have participated with some success
at nearly every regatta of the season. The outstanding crew was an eight
stroked by K. H. Hadley, which was successful in Maiden Eights at Henley, in
Junior Eights at V.R.A., and came second to Mercantile in the Champion Eights.
Pairs and fours represented the Club at most of the Xmas regattas without
success, but at Barwon an eight was got together by R. Keon Cohen, and by
great enthusiasm in training were successful in the Maiden Eights again. It is
an excellent sign that schoolboys now are rather waiting to join the M.U.B.C.
than to row with other clubs in the Xmas vacation of their last year at school—
a practice which several Shop oarsmen adopted during the reconstructional
period following the war. Automatically, once a man rows in a race with a
club, he must race for that club during the remainder of his career. If the
M.U.B.C. continues to get the pick of the public schools eights every year, it
will not be long before the Senior Eight will be of very high class again.
The Inter-Collegiate Boat Race was held on April 20th and 21st, and
resulted in an easy victory for the Queen's College crew, which supplied most
of the men who represented 'Varsity in the Champion Eights. Indeed, it would
have been a great surprise if they had been beaten.
On the Tuesday before, Queen's defeated an Extra-Collegiate crew in a
race for a new trophy, the John Lang Cup, given by some old Blues in memory
55

of Mr. John Lang. The race will take place annually between the Extra-
Collegiates and the winning college crew of the year before.
In the heats Newman beat Ormond easily, and Queen's as easily accounted
for Trinity. On Saturday Queen's were never hurried, and won comfortably
by about 21 lengths.
The Second Eights were rowed immediately before the Collegiate final,
and, after a good race, Trinity were successful by three-quarters of a length
from Queen's and Ormond, who put up a great race for second place.
The Inter-'Varsity crew has now been finally settled after a good many
aggravating changes. Under the care of Mr. C. Donald, the eight is now starting
to move nicely, and should do well in Sydney on June 1st. The eight at present
is :—R. G. Orr (T.), W. N. Ricketts (E.), J. F. Williams (Q.), H. S. Thomsa
(Q.), W. J. Pannell (N.), J. M. Buchanan (O.), H. C. Maling (E.), K. H.
Hadley (Q.), str., J. James (Q.), cox.
Extra-Collegiate members are taking great interest during the last term,
and several beginners are undergoing coaching from the senior members. It is
to be hoped that anyone who wishes to take up rowing will not be backward
in coming forward. A note to W. N. Ricketts in the Club House will be all that
is necessary. Big men are urgently requested to look into this matter.
STOP PRESS : Brisbane won the Inter-'Varsity.
tennis.
The first round of Inter-'Varsity tennis was played on March 28th and 29th,
between Melbourne and Adelaide.
The teams were :—Melbourne, McInnes (c.), Fitts, Hallowes, Holyman,
Brown, Baker. Adelaide : G. Hone (c.), Sumner, Hoopman, R. Hone, Leidig,
Willing.
As a result of the first day's play Melbourne led by 7 rubbers to 5. Hal-
lowes and Holyman scored good wins against R. Hone and Hoopman respectively.
Fitts extended G. Hone to 7-5 in the first set by good play, but then Hone
showed his superiority, and won the second set 6-1.
On the second day Melbourne increased their lead, and won 13 rubbers to 7,
the last being unfinished. G. Hone defeated McInnes decisively, 6-3, 9-7. He
served and smashed wonderfully, while McInnes seemed to be a bit out of
touch. Hallowes played brilliantly against Hoopman, and, after 3 all in the
first set, only allowed him 5 points in the last 9 games, 6-3, 6—o. McInnes
and Fitts defeated G. and R. Hone, 6-3, 6-0. Fitts excelled himself, and
played brilliantly, his smashing being very severe, while McInnes was steady.
K. B. Brown played splendidly, winning both his singles, and combined well with
Baker in the doubles.
In the final Melbourne opposed Sydney, the holders of the Niall Cup, on
March 3oth and 31st. Melbourne's team was the same as against Adelaide.
Sydney: Halliday (c.), Parker, Todd, Aitken, Garvin, Brewster.
At the end of the first day's play the score was 6 all. Fitts scored a good
victory over Halliday, 6-2, 6-4, after being 4-1 down in the second set.
Todd played brilliantly against Holyman, and defeated him, 6-4, 6-3. Brown
and Baker had good wins over Brewster and Garvin respectively.
A good double was that in which McInnes and Fitts defeated Todd and
Aitken, 6-3, 4-6, 6-3. All four played well.
56

PLAYERS!
ADDISON BROTHERS
DEGRAVES STREET
TEL. C 1492 MELBOURNEE
57

. . . The .
Melbourne Sports Depot
THE LARGEST IMPORTERS OF SPORTING
REQUISITES IN AUSTRALASIA
WE MAKE A SPECIALITY OF
TENNIS RACKETS AND BALLS
Shipments of which arrive monthly from the Leading Makers-
AYERS, PROS.SERS, SLAZENGERS, BUSSEYS AND OTHERS.
BALLS BY ALL THE LEADING MAKERS.
Nets, Markers, Scorebooks, Posts, Presses, &c., in Great Variety.
CALL AND INSPECT OUR STOCK
Melbourne Sports Depot
55-57 ELIZABETH STREET, MELBOURNE
TENNIS PLAYERS, I GUARANTEE
"THE WINNER "
RACKET--
INSPECT STOCKS Price 851-
All Other Leading Makes on hand,
ranging from 35/- upwards.
GENERAL TENNIS REPAIRS A SPECIALTY--
SAME DAY SERVICE
DOUGLAS PATTERSON
TENNIS GOODS SPECIALIST
HOWEY PLACE, MELBOURNE
Phone Cent. 3344
58

The final day provided a very exciting finish. In the morning Sydney won
three singles, Holyman, Baker and Brown going down to Aitken, Brewster and
Garvin respectively. Sydney thus led, 9 6. The turning point of the match
was when Hallowes easily defeated Todd, 6-1, 6-3. Hallowes played brilliantly,
his backhand driving being excellent, and well backed up by decisive
volleying. McInnes was extended by Halliday, but won, 6—i, 3-6, 6-3. Fitts
continued his brilliant play, and allowed Parker only one game in the two sets.
These wins made the score 9 all. Hallowes and Holyman then defeated Gargin
and Brewster by steady play, with good smashing by Holyman. The match
was finally decided by Baker and Brown defeating Aitken and Todd by good
play, Baker serving and smashing splendidly. McInnes and Fitts defeated
Halliday and Parker, 7-5, b-2, in what was more or less an exhibition match.
Melbourne thus won an exciting match by 12 rubbers to 9, regaining the
Niall Cup for 1923.
The visitors were entertained at the Princess' Theatre on Thursday, 29th,
and at dinner at Scott's Hotel on Saturday.
The annual meeting was held in the Club House on Monday, April 9th.
The following office-bearers were elected :—
President : Professor Skeats.
Vice-Presidents : Profs. ferry, Rivett, Mr. Sproule, Judge Williams.
Hon. Secretary : C. Focken.
Committee : B. Baker, K. B. Brown, C. H. Fitts, I. D. McInnes.
I. D. McInnes is to be congratulated on his inclusion in the Davis Cup team
f or 1923; also for his recent successes in Adelaide, where he won the Mixed
Doubles Championship with Miss Boyd, and was runner-up to G. L. Patterson
in the Singles. C. H. Fitts is also to be congratulated on his Interstate successes
in Sydney and Adelaide.
atble ttCS.
Athletic sports ;
Only come once a year.
Thank goodness !
For we've got to scratch up something about them.
Meds. not so prominent this year.
Still a few on the committee, however.
And we must mention the retirement of the two old hairies, Macmillan and
Hewitt, who've been joint hon. secretaries for years.
Former was elected captain at annual general meeting, but has since left on
a jaunt to Sweden and London to show them there how to run.
We wish him the very best of luck.
First day was 'Varsity championship day.
Meds. only won four championship events, which isn't too good.
Perhaps some aren't game to train seriously for fear of developing epilepsy.
Anyway, it's a big business.
One, Eccles, pole vaulted better than anyone else.
We were told that Jack, between his jumps, sought the company of Hutchison
and Rainey, but we don't believe that.
If they'd said the last two had been seeking Jack's company—well-
Claud Hallett won the loo in the last few strides. A good run.
He was unlucky, too, to lose the 220 to Clinton.
59

Bob Almond retained his title in the hurdles. He also collared the long jump.
Various Gentiles scored in the other championship events.
O'Brien won the quarter, and Eddy the high jump.
Ross was too good for his opponents in the half and the mile. What a fine
runner he is.
Tubby Dodds heaved and putt with his usual virility, beating his own record
in the hammer throw.
In the handicap events Jim Buchanan's "young feller" walked well, and
broke the tape in the mile walk.
In Wally Macmillan's absence, his brother upheld the family rep. in the
collegiate Too.
Almond managed to pull off the hurdles from the back mark.
Quite a good day's sport.
Intercollegiate sports promised to be one plurry good go.
They were.
Ormond, two points up, and long jump to go.
They say strain predisposes to atheroma.
We'll say, quite a few interested spectators' arteries will be that way—in
time, anyhow.
Last event, however, went to the leaders.
Almond jumped 23 ft. ol in.—a State record.
Clinton was second, so total victory was by 5 points—Ormond, 681; Newman,
631.
Bloomfield won the putt, while Borland and Sproles halved the high jump.
Seekamp pinched the half and the mile—the former in 2 min. 2 1-5 sec.—
another record.
Newman got all the three sprints—Clinton the Too and 220, and O'Brien
the quarter.
Hurdles again to Almond—also two seconds—in the Too and 220.
Queen's, 20 points, and Trinity, 19, didn't have a look in.
Intervarsity sports.
On performances Melbourne should win, but you never can tell.
Witness the young man of Cape Horn.
Adelaide and Sydney will be over.
The good old president, Dr. Kent Hughes, has promised the teams a dinner
after the sports.
We aren't prophets, but to us there's no doubt who'll be president for years
and years and years.
Which is our way of thanking him.
And why not?
STOP PRESS : Melbourne won the Inter-'Varsity.
lbocke9,
The Hockey Club looks forward to the present season with every prospect
of its being a most successful one. Despite the fact that the grounds have been
very dry and hard, players have been turning out regularly, getting rid of the
superfluous adipose tissue which has accumulated since last winter.
We are fortunate in having, as our President Mr. Alan Newton, who was
Captain of the University team in 1909; also, we have eight of last year's team
60

again available, and, with many "B" grade players showing good form, the
struggle to obtain (and to retain) positions in the Inter-'Varsity team will be
keen. J. A. Thwaites, who was Captain last season, has again been elected to
that position, and to him we offer our congratulations.
It had been intended to enter two "A" grade teams this season, but, owing
to the fact that players may not be changed from the one team to the other, it
was decided to enter one "A" and two "B" teams. The "A" team has won
both matches played so far, the first being against Fairfield, last year's premiers.
The "B" grade matches have not yet started.
H. A. Maling is not yet available, as he is rowing with the University crew.
First and second year men would be particularly welcomed as recruits, as it
is from the Meds. that the Club draws most of its players, and, unless new
players can be got from these years, we cannot hope to build up such strong
teams in future years. Sticks are made available by the Club for beginners,
and there is plenty of room for new players. For the last four years Meds.
have held the Spencer Cup against the other faculties, and have comprised
75 per cent. of the Inter-'Varsity teams. Let the men in the junior years carry
on the good work !
Congratulations to Messrs. W. J. Mallinson, C. J. Sharp, and Drs. R. F.
May and G. R. Davidson, all of whom have finished their University courses.
We hope to meet them all on the field this year, and show that, although we
miss them, we are still (as one report put it recently) a "fast and deadly com-
bination."
—W.D.L.F.
Rifle 1)ootin3.
We enter upon this year with very healthy prospects, for, although we
sustain a casualty in that a former captain, Dr. L. M. Smith, will not be shooting
for us this year, we have received large reinforcements of new members, and
hope to maintain our success of the last year.
The 1922 Club Championship, completed in the third term of last year; was
annexed by H. G. Mitchell, with 266 points, from L. G. Griffiths, 262, and
A. C. Pedler, 26o.
The Club has entered a team in the Pennant Matches conducted by No. 21
Rifle Clubs' Union. Teams of six. Handicap and Scratch Matches over 300,
500, 600, 700, Boo and goo yards. Ten shots each range.
The Club won the Handicap at 50o yards with 30o points (possible), and
were amongst the leading teams in the other matches. In the Aggregate for
the three Handicap Matches over 300, 50o and 600 yards, the Club tied with
Footscray for first place.
These Pennant Matches are still in progress.
C. W. Nye, scoring 48 out of possible 5o, tied with H. V. Siddle (M.R.C.)
and T. Pettit (Fairfield) for best score of the day at 30o yards, and at 50o yards,
with 5o (possible), he again tied for individual honours with L. Armstrong and
D. R. Davies (M.C.C.), but lost the tie-shoots.
C. W. Nye, C. H. Dickson, W. P. Heslop (3 matches), A. C. Pedler, N. B.
White (2 matches), H. G. Mitchell, L. G. Griffiths, N. J. Griffiths, J. G. Barnaby,
A. R. Haywood (I match) have represented the Club in these matches.
The V.R.A. Annual Matches, held at Williamstown during March, were
attended by several of our members, and, in addition to the trophies won, the
experience gained should prove of great value to them later on.
61

At the annual meeting, held in the Biology School on 22nd March, the
trophies won during 1922 were presented to the winners by the President (Sir
D. Orme. Masson). Members also took advantage of the occasion to make presentations
to the Captain (A. C. Pedler), in recognition of his sterling services
in entirely reorganising the Club, and to whose efforts the high standard of
efficiency to which the Club attained last year was largely due ; and to C. W.
Nye, to mark his success in making the highest individual score in each of the
last three Inter-'Varsity Matches—some record, indeed.
This year's Inter-'Varsity Match will be held in Sydney during the August
vacation. Teams representing Adelaide, Sydney and our own Club will compete
for the Nathan Shield, which we hold.
Inter-faculty contests for the Northcote Cup, won last year by Meds., will
be fired about the end of the second term, just prior to the Inter-'Varsity Match.
First year Meds. will be cordially welcomed at practice on Saturday afternoons.
There is a large supply of bovine optics on which they can operate.
'omen's Trennis.
This year the tennis looks quite hopeful. Why, one may ask. Well, the
Meds. are represented, and that's sufficient!
It is a great help to have Miss Dua Davies back in the four. For a year she
has been unable to play, owing to illness. Now she has got back all her old
form, plus something extra. Miss K. Stephenson is in again this year.
The matches are to be played in Adelaide this year, beginning the 21st May.
Brisbane is plucky enough to send a team all the way to S.A., so four teams
will be competing.
The 'Varsity four are :—Miss Tovell (Arts), Miss D. Davies (Med.), Miss
Mary Davies (Science), and Miss K. Stephenson (Med.).
The second pennant also has the privilege of having two Med. representatives.
The worthy pair are Miss P. Tewsley and Miss S. Hawkins. These
matches start May znd.
The national song of Bolshevik Russia.—"I'm forever blowing roubles."
62

Commentaries.
MEDICAL—DR. KEANE.
Female, wt. 45, school teacher. First seen, February, 1923.
Became ill two nights ago. Felt dopy and feverish, and suddenly developed
severe frontal and occipital headache, with shivering. Took her own temperature,
which was 102. Took two aspirin tablets and a hot bath before going to
bed. Felt better in a.m., and did her day's work, although suffering still from
headache, mostly in occipital region. Was very tired in evening. Took more
aspirin and an aperient. As her head was still aching in the morning, and her
temperature was I00°, she remained in bed, and sought medical advice in the
afternoon.
Patient had been under my care on and off for about three years. She had
slight visceroptosis, and suffered much from flatulent dyspepsia, which had been
relieved by careful dieting, but which always recurred if she took any liberties
with her diet. She was of a highly neurotic disposition, and had a good deal of
nervous disturbance at the climacteric. When za. 15 she was under medical care
for twelve months with a suspicion of lung trouble.
Examination showed patient's temperature 102°. Pulse R. 77. Tongue
clean, throat slightly engorged. Heart : A.B. 5th I.S., inside N.L., sounds clear.
Lungs : Suspicion of prolonged expiration at L. apex, no adventia. Nervous
system, N.A.D. Abdomen, N.A.D.
During the first week of her illness the temperature ranged between Too°
in the morning to 103° in the evening. B.O. only with aperients, stools loose.
Urine 1025, water Ai, no alb., no sugar, no pus. B.P. 130.
During the second week patient's temperature had about the same range,
and she still complained of severe headache, chiefly occipital. During this week
a few scattered rhonchi could be heard in her chest, though she said she rarely
coughed, and had no expectoration. Bowels still not open without assistance,
stools loose. Examination of her abdomen disclosed no spots, no tenderness
anywhere, no enlargement of the spleen, no signs of any free fluid. Her Widal
was negative.
During the third ,week her temperature began to show greater remissions,
ranging from 104° at night to 99° in the morning, with profuse sweating. Her
headache disappeared, and she said that she was feeling better, but her apex
beat had shifted out slightly, and a soft cystolic murmur could be heard, which
was conducted out for about an inch from the A.B. A trace of alb. appeared
in her urine. The lung signs were unchanged.
Towards the end of the third week she developed tenderness in the R.
hypochondriac, and one could feel what seemed to be a tender liver margin. Her
tenderness became most marked over the region of the gall bladder. She was
not jaundiced. There was no bile in her urine.
Discuss the possible diagnosis in this case, and the steps you would take on
the facts presented to elucidate the diagnosis.
SURGICAL—MR. FAY MACL URE, M.D., F.R.C.S.
(Hon. O.P. Surgeon, A .H )
H.H., male, wt. 59, labourer.
In April, 1919, admitted to hospital, complaining of abdominal distension
with little pain and diarrhoea for two weeks. A year before had been in hospital
with the same symptoms.
63

On Examination.—Wass + ye. Marked distension of abdomen ; progressive.
Visible waves of peristalsis, no tenderness or rigidity ; tympanitic ; no
area of dullness.
Motion : Fluid faeces, no blood, no pus.
P.R., nothing abnormal detected.
Discharged after five weeks in hospital.
In November, 1919, again admitted to hospital, complaining of indefinite
abdominal pains, which appear to he colicky in nature. Says abdomen has
been more or less distended since previous treatment. Bowels open daily, but
it is necessary to take purgatives. Now admitted because of increase of pain
for two days. Increase of distension and of vomiting on two occasions. Has
not lost weight or strength. Appetite good. No cough in dyspncea. Nocturnal
micturition 2 or 3 times a night. No dysuria or hxmaturia.
R. eye removed 5 years ago, L. eye normal.
On Examination.—T. 98, P. 76, R. 24. Urine 1020, Ac. No alb. or sugar.
Well-built elderly man, not looking acutely ill. Heart and lungs clear.
Abdomen : Very marked distension of whole abdomen ; tympanitic ; no
dullness detected ; no tenderness.
P.R., nothing abnormal found. Nervous system ditto.
Discuss the diagnosis and the treatment in detail.
1Re.til0 of Corninentario.
DR. TURNBULL.
Dr. Turnbull awarded his prize of £11.t/- to Mr. T. Heale.
The heart in this case was undoubtedly damaged by the rheumatic infections
to which it had been subjected. There was a mitral valvulitis, and also it
had definitely failed on one occasion when subjected to an ordeal which a normal
heart might certainly have been expected to undergo with ease. Spinning a
heavy motor caused collapse, probably an acute dilatation, though there is no
definite information as to the actual condition at that time. This was recovered
from completely after rest and care, and he was then quite well till the attack
of influenza. This infection, acting on a damaged heart, caused so much further
weakening as to produce on very slight exertion definite signs of failure, chiefly
cardiac pain. Note that pain appeared before sufficient exertion could be taken
to give rise to dyspncea. This is commonly seen.
The prognosis must take into account the transient nature of the added
toxaemia, and this, with the absence of the signs of ordinary cardiac failure, and
the good condition at rest, makes it reasonable to look for restoration to, or
nearly to, the pre-influenzal level. He was kept in bed for ten days, with moderate
doses of bromide, and then gradually increasing exercise was given, and
within two months he was back at work, and able to do as much as before his
illness. The significance of a transient or removable cause for the cardiac pain
is of the utmost importance.
64

MR. DEW.
Prize of £0/- awarded to Mr. Burwood.
Diagnosis.—Mesenteric Thrombosis with uncomplicated inguinal hernia.
Notes.—The presence of a large inguino-scrotal hernia, with severe abdominal
pain, combined with tenseness and tenderness locally, led to the preoperative
diagnosis of strangulated hernia. The extreme collapse, the slight
degree of abdominal distension, and the absence of absolute constipation were
a typical feature which were noted at the time, but were not considered sufficient
cause to review the diagnosis.
At operation there was no doubt that there was no strangulation of the small
bowel. The interesting feature was the presence of many pints of blood-stained
peritoneal exudate. This is the sign around which a discussion of the condition
should be centred. The following diagnosis should be considered :.-
(r) Strangulation of small bowel, with accompanying vascular congestion.
(2) Acute Pancreatitis.
(3) Acute hxmorrhagic peritonitis.
(4) Mesenteric thrombosis or embolism.
(5) Malignant disease of the peritoneum.
The finding of a length of small intestine, intensely engorged with no definite
constriction, and the absence of any obvious disease elsewhere, led to the
diagnosis of mesenteric thrombosis. The age of the patient, the collapse and
agonies, the extreme pain are all in favour of this.
At the Autopsy.—A semi-gangrenous conditioh of several feet of small
intestine, with thrombosis of several of the large branches of the superior mesenteric
artery. The vessels were all thrombosed, causing great thickening of the
mesentery. No cardiac disease, apart from atheroma of the aorta, and marked
atheromatous change in the abdominal aorta and branches.
Etiology.—(1) Senility with sluggish border line circulation.
(2) Arterial disease.
(3) Some mild injective process or mild trauma which indicates the
thrombosis.
Valete
DR. F. H. ANDERSON.
The announcement of the f orthcotning resignation of Dr. Anderson from
the position of Lecturer in Anatomy will be received with regret by all members
of the Melbourne Medical School.
Dr. Anderson was an Ormond student, and, while there, was a member of
the Eight, and an active participant in student affairs. We have heard from
his own lips that College rowing is not what it was in his day. However, he has
always been willing to do what he could to raise the standard, by coaching crews,
finding them rough, and leaving them good. After graduating, Dr. Anderson
E 65

was the first Stewart Lecturer in Anatomy, holding the position for three years.
Later he was examiner in anatomy for three years, and spent some time in
private at Benalla.
He enlisted, and remained in the army from 1914 to 1920. He became
Colonel, Asst. Director of Medical Services, and was decorated. He returned
to Melbourne in 1920, having received a cable with the offer of the Lecturership
in Anatomy, which he accepted.
Dr. Anderson has been very active in the medical world apart from his
University duties, being a committeeman of the B.M.A., and secretary of the
Permanent Post Graduate Course Committee, to name duly two of his many
activities.
Lately he has been engaged in collaborating with Professor Berry in the
production of a book, "Brain and Mind," shortly to be published in London.
Such is a brief outline of the salient points of Dr. Anderson's career. But
this is only bare bones, and it is the man students will remember. "Jock" was
always willing to give a hand to students in difficulties.
A cheerful man, with charming personality, even the cadavers wore a more
pleasant aspect when he entered the room. He gave great help in the reconstitution
of the M.S.S. and "Speculum" Board, and was always ready with advice
(and good advice, too) on matters of student life.
In conclusion, we can only give him the best wishes of the Med. students
for his future work, and the wishes of such a multitude must carry weight
somewhere.
DR. S. W. PATTERSON.
Dr. Patterson graduated in Melbourne in 1904, and Was later resident at
the Melbourne and Children's Hospitals. Later he became M.D.Melb., and University
Scholar in Physiology, and was appointed Beit Memorial Research
Fellow in 1911. He was chiefly occupied with research work in the physiology
of diabetes and cardiology. Much of this work was done at University College
Hospital in London, at the Lister Institute, and in Germany till the war broke out.
Enlisting, he was Captain in the R.A.M.C., and throughout the war did hospital
and pathological work. The end of the war found him Major, R.A.M.C.,
and Assistant Director of Pathology, Rouen.
He returned to London, and became D.Sc., and in 1919 was appointed
Director of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Research. While there, and
previously, he published many pieces of research work in physiology, biochemistry,
bacteriology and pathology.
Lately Dr. Patterson accepted an appointment as Physician to Duff House,
Ruthen, North Wales. He will control the laboratories there. This institution
is a branch of the well-known Duff House in Scotland, and is conducted by the
Medical Research Council. Patients suffering from special metabolic diseases,
such as diabetes, are admitted to this hospital, and the fullest investigation is
carried out.
Dr. Patterson, while O.P. physician at the Melbourne Hospital, was an able
clinician, and gave many valuable demonstrations to students in the post-mortem
TOM.
What we lose, England gains, but that in no way makes less the sense of
our loss.
66

Sam. Woods.—H.S., West London Hospital.
Lin. Male.—Richmond (London).
Ray Hennessy, Lee, Bunny Cato, Bill Cuscaden.—Lectures at Middlesex
Hospital for F.R.C.S.
Ian Pender.—H.S., Leamington Spa.
Ron. Cuttle.—Blighty.
Dick Saltau.—St. Mary's, Manchester.
Bob Brodie.—H.S., St. George's. Very bold and gay.
B. Clarke.—Clinical Assistant, Guy's Hosp. Learned in X-rays.
Carl Wood.—Back with F.R.C.S., Ed.
"Wog" Mackay.—Passed F.R.C.S. Primary ; now in Dublin.
Gilles Wynne.—Nose and Throat in Birmingham.
Harrie B. Lee.—X-ray therapeutist in London.
Chas. Kellaway.—Experimental Research at U.C.H.
Bill Johnston.—England.
Rex Sweetnam and Dorothea Church.—As expected.
Dougall McCowan.—Yea.
Keith Fairley.—Back to childhood.
Tommy Harris.—Ipswich.
Roy Stevens.—Engaged, and looking round.
Cliff. Mallalieu.—Wyndham, W.A. Specialising in P.M's. and corroborees.
P. J. Campbell.—Private, Natimuk.
Keith Abernethy.—Kojenup, W.A.; lately married ; "sic transit."
Rexie Clarke.—Southern Cross, W.A. ; finds obstetrical work simple.
0. W. Rawson.—Private, Elmore; engaged, and supporting a car.
Hedley Somers.—Understudying Bill Lemmon, Geelong Hosp.
Bill Lemmon.—Super., Geelong.
Paddy Moran.—Skirt chasing in England.
J. T. Tait.—Assisting Thomson Walker, England.
J. R. Bell.—Mentioned in "Lancet" as Moynahan's off-sider in Pathology
of Gastric Ulcer.
67

Pod Watson.—Round town, avec car, seeking a job.
Nugget True.—Private, Malvern.
E. W. Chenoweth.—Last seen in town sacrificing his spinsterhood.
C. E. Backwell.—Honeymooning in England.
Les. Hurley.—Private, Murrumbeena ; doing well, and taking a rest for a
while.
Arthur Crooke.—Fishing and golfing at Dunolly; finds time for a little work.
J. Henderson.—Naval Base.
Conk Hayes.—Amongst the best people at Ivanhoe.
H. R. Hawkins.—Last heard of in England.
Bob Wallace.—F.R.C.S., England.
Aroldoo.—Breaking the heads of hydatids with a new car of icteric tint.
Tommy Barker.—Home with mother at Fiji.
Catchlove.—Surgical Asst., O.P., M.H.
Henry Searby.—Life just one damned cadaver after another ; Stewart Lecturer
in Anatomy.
Gordon Cameron.—Stewart Lecturer in Path.; Armytage Research Prize.
Keeps the A.M.J. going.
Noel Brown.—Private, Mildura.
Kelmar.—Last seen attached to a walking stick and cigar.
Bill Greer.—Down for the races.
Oswald Carr.—Wyalcatchem, W.A.; well married.
Alan McCutchean.—Assistant O.P., Kids ; very popular with the mothers.
Fat Derrick.—A.D.C., Turnbull, England.
Sandy McLorinan.—Second in command, Fairfield.
Mildred Mocatta.—Amongst the Insane.
Esme Anderson.—Eye and Ear.
Jean Littlejohn.—Also Eye and Ear.
Beatrice Warner.—Upholding the social side of the Walter and Eliza Hall.
Marion Wanliss.—Cancer Research Scholar. Helping to "push the curtain
a little further back."
H. F. Maudsley.—Assistant Medical O.P., M.H. Married.
W. H. J. Moore.—Still demonstrating at Path. School in between exacerbations
of private practice.
S. 0. Cowan.—Collins Street, etc.; dermoid on labium superior.
"Jock" Anderson.—Retired from Anatomy School, and leaving for England.
We wish him the best of luck.
Monk Harbison.—Private, Newcastle, N.S.W. Married.
Mart Gavin.—Invalided with damaged oscalcis.
Val. Brownell.—Still on the "Terrace," South Australia. Proptosis of
waistcoat and bank balance.
Hughie Melville.—Repat., Queensland.
"Frank" Shannasy.—Returned from Adelaide. Taking things easy.
Alma Admans.—Residing at Fairfield.
Peggy Anderson.—Well married. Snapped from the bargain counter at
Myer's.
Len Johnson.—Private, Tatura.
C. E. Cook.—Private, Canungra, Queensland. Contemplating.
Lex Matthew.—Private, Tongala, avec wife.
T. A. Harris.—Ipswich, Queensland.
A. W. Bayley.—R.M.O., Kyneton Hospital.
68

S. Rabe.--Private, Murtoa.
Scotch Fulton.—Private, Geelong.
E. Prendergast.—Private, Ripponlea. Congrats. on M.S.
Bill Flannagan.—Private, Donald.
J. O'Keefe.—Private, Moreland.
Bill Collopy.—Trafalgar. Considering matrimony.
H. N. Mortenson.—Yarrawonga. Flourishing as ever.
Basil Colahan and Leo Doyle.—Heading for England.
Tom Tighe.—Private, Benalla. Wgt., i6 st.
Johnny Byrne.—Mater Misericordiw Hospital, Brisbane.
"Lad" Lane.—Private, Brisbane.
F. M. Burnett.—One of the company at the W. and E. Hall "putting the
wind up" the spirochxte.
F. W. Green.—Specialising in anaesthetics and "plus fours."
McCowan.—Private, Yea. Married.
H. B. Graham.—Appointed Super., Kids.
Bob Southby.—Congrats. on M.D.
A. P. Derham.—Super., Neglected Kids, Royal Park. Running his motor
cycle on "humanised milk" with success.
H. L. Praagst.—Partnership with Clendinnen in X-ray swindle. Also engaged
(vide society column, any paper).
H. Furnell.—Private, Abbotsford.
Zac. Schwartz.—Writes from India with tales of marvellous feats in surgery.
Bongey Longden.—Private, Bungaree. Sporting activities.
Moke Jacobs.—Private, Bendigo.
E. Rosanove.—Private, Tocumwal, N.S.W.
Jim Brown.—Trying England as a cure for Dysphoma and F.R.C.S.
Sam Fitzpatrick.—Leading the field at Hamilton with X-ray findings.
Ivan Connor.--Private, Coleraine.
S. A. McKenzie and W. Griffiths.—R.M.O's., Women's Hospital.
Violet Eddy.—Labour Ward, Women's H.
Kate McKay.—Queen Victoria Hospital.
Squeaker Martin.—Burnie, Tas. ; Fair, Fat and Functionating.
Bertie Woods.—Goulburn, N.S.W. Wondrous tale of a son.
Eric Woods.—Hay, N.S.W. Married, without wondrous tale.
Jean Davis.—Back from Korea.
Arthur Joyce.—Eye and Ear.
Eric Glassf ord.—Ear and Eye.
A. P. Lawrence.—Assistant Surgical 0.P., M.H.
Jean Staley.—Back to the Bush from Kew.
Ivan Blaubaum.—Private, Malvern ; also Assistant at Alfred.
Jack Grieve.—Commenced in Collins Street ; good to students at Kids.
Reg. Webster.—Pathologist, Kids.
K. S. Cross.—Afternoon tea parties for students at my rooms with nurse.
Mark Gardner.—In between meetings of League of Nations, does a little
ophthalmic work. Recently seen with intermittent claudication.
Keith Stephenson.—Private, Daylesf ord.
Buck Ebbleton.—Successor to Cowan in Private.
Aberdeen.—Private, Northern W.A.
Beamish.—Private, Northern W.A.
Le Soeuf.—Resident, Perth Public.

Henry Rogerson.—Lunacy expert, Kew.
Eddie Rogerson.—Private, Kaniva ; eagerly awaiting the next census.
F. Drake.—Breaking the hearts of the nurses at Kids.
D. L. Yoffa.—By rotation at the Kids ; always surrounded by a clinic.
Pink Smith.—Spent a vacation in Fairfield.
Wally Johnston.—Off to England. "Why am I always the bridesmaid?"
Jockie Noyes.—Nursing staff bucked on his return.
Ronald Wettenhall.—England.
Vic. Hurley.—Lost car, but found a son.
D. L. Thomas.—Shortly to publish "My Investigations in Private."
Norman Matthews.—Ardrossan, North Peninsula. Bill a fine boy.
Roy Bartram.—Mt. Barker, with Wunderly. Raises petunias, phlox and a
family.
C. Watson.—Left Bunyip. Looking round.
Noel Ball.—Heathcote, talking gum-trees.
Rawson.—Private, Elmore. Also contemplating.
John Kelly.—Left for England. Also engaged.
Everybody else in Collins Street, England, or W.A.
WHAT WILL THEY SAY IN 1983?
The early physiologists looked upon the thyroid gland as having no
essential function, probably from its having no duct by which its secretion
could be conveyed to the general system ; and from its variable size, shape,
and position, it was stated to be for the purpose of rounding out the neck,
as having some connection with sleep, as influencing the voice, that it acted
as a reservoir for the blood regulating the brain supply. The connection of
the gland with the organs of generation had very early attracted the attention
of the laity. In Southern Italy it has long been the custom for the
parent to measure the circumference of the daughter's neck before and after
marriage, an increase in size being considered as an evidence of conception.
70

THE
MELBOURNE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
111111111111
which publishes this Journal for
the Medical Students' Society, is
the Central Publishing and Supply
Agency for Members of the Univer-
sity. The Press commends to
readers the Advertisers whose
names appear in these pages.
lilt IIWWWIIIYIIrIi
Apparatus, Instruments and Supplies
For Students of Assaying, Chemistry,
Physics, Bacteriology and Metallurgy.
Our Speciality —Scientific Glass - Blowing.
Cuemical and Physical Apparatus made to order.
SCIENTIFIC SUPPLY CO.
349-351 SWANSTON STREET
Phone 8269. (Opposite Public Library).
71
PRINTING
N every order that we handle
I we put the BEST that Brains
and Machinery can produce.
Our Imprint will be found on
some of the BEST Printing in
the City.
Specialists in HIGH-CLASS COMMERCIAL,
BOOK, AND MAGAZINE PRINTING
BROWN, PRIOR & CO.
Proprietary Limited
PRINTERS and STATIONERS-
167-171 QUEEN ST., MELBOURNE
Phone Central 3373

BOOKS
PUBLISHED BY THE
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, FETTER LANE, LONDON, E.C.
PSYCHOLOGY
THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHO-
LOGY-General Section. Ed. C. S. Myers.
Roy. 8vo. Issued in parts at irregular intervals.
The price to subscribers, payable
in advance, is 30s. per vol. (post free).
Vols. I. and II. (1904-1908), in 4 pts., paper
covers, 42s. each. Vols. III.-XII. (1909-
1922), 35s. each. The prices of single
parts depend on the size of each part.
Quotations can be given for buckram binding
cases and for binding subscribers' sets.
THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHO-
LOGY-Monograph Supplements. Roy. 8vo.
Several Successive Monographs will constitute
a volume of about 400 pages. Subscription
for Vol. I., 25s.; Vol. II., 21s.;
future vols., 25s. each (post free), payable
in advance.
THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL
PSYCHOLOGY. Ed. T. W. Mitchell. Roy.
8vo. Subscription price, 30s. Vol. I.
(1920-1921), in 4 pts., paper covers, 25s.;
cloth, 36s. 6d.
THE GATEWAYS OF KNOWLEDGE. J.
A. Dell, M.Sc. An introduction to the
Study of the Senses (Nature Study Series),
Cr. Svo., 51 figures, Is. 6d.
PUBLIC HEALTH
INDUSTRIAL COLONIES AND VILLAGE
SETTLEMENTS FOR THE CONSUMP-
TIVE. Sir G. Woodhead, K.B.E., M.D., and
Varrier-Jones, P.C., M.A. Preface by the
Rt. Hon. Sir Clifford Allbutt, K.C.B., etc.
Demy 8vo. Paper covers, 9s.; cloth, 10s. 6d.
THE CHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF
WATER, SEWAGE, FOODS, AND OTHER
SUBSTANCES. J. E. Purvis, M.A., and
T. R. Hodgson, M.A. 2nd Ed. 20s.
EVOLUTION, GENETICS, HEREDITY,Ac.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS. A periodical for
the publication of records of original research
in Heredity, Variation, and allied
subjects. Ed. W. Bateson, M.A., F.R.S.,
and R. C. Punnett, M.A., F.B.S. The
Journal of Genetics will be issued in parts
as material accumulates, and a volume appearing,
so far as possible, annually, will
consist of 3 such parts. Vols. I.-X. (1910-
20), each vol. consisting of 4 parts, can be
obtained for 92s. each vol.; single parts,
12s. 6d. each. Vol. XI., in 3 parts, 42s.;
single parts, lbs. each.
MENDEL'S PRINCIPLES OF HEREDITY.
W. Bateson, M.A., F.R.S. 3rd Imp. Roy.
8vo. Three portraits, 6 colored plates, 38
figures. 17s. 6d.
THE DETERMINATION OF SEX. L. Don-
caster. Demy 8vo., 23 plates. 12s.
THE COMING OF EVOLUTION. J. W.
Judd, C.B., LL.D., F.R.S. (Cambridge
Manuals). Roy. 16mo., 4 plates. 2s. 6d
THE CHANCES OF DEATH, AND OTHER
STUDIES IN EVOLUTION. Karl Pearson,
F.A.S. 2 Vols., Demy 8vo., 27 illustrations.
30s.
MEDICINE
SCIENCE AND MEDIEVAL THOUGHT. Sir
T. C. Allbutt, K.C.B., M.D., F.R.S. Harveinn
Oration, 1900. Cr. 8vo. 3s.
ARABIAN MEDICINE. E. G. Browne, M.D.,
F.R.C.P. Fitzpatrick Lectures, 1919-20.
Demy 8vo. Frontispiece. 12s.
I-EM-HOTEP AND ANCIENT EGYPTIAN
MEDICINE AND PREVENTION OF VAL-
VULAR DISEASE. R. Caton, M.D.,
F.R.C.P. Harveian Oration, 1904. Demy
8vo., seven illustrations. Is.
THE GEOGRAPHY OF DISEASE. F. G.
Clemow, M.D., D.P.H. (Geographical Series).
Cr. Svo., 12 maps and charts. 16s.
PRACTICAL PHARMACOLOGY. W. E.
Dixon, M.A., M.D., F.R.S. For the use
of students of medicine. Demy 8vo.
6d.
THE PHYSICIAN IN ENGLISH HISTORY.
N. Moore, M.D., F.R.C.P. Linacre Lec-
ture, 1913. Cr. 8vo. 2s. 6d.
ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S HOSPITAL IN
PEACE AND WAR. Rede Lecture, 1915.
Cr. 8vo. 2s. 6d.
MANUAL OF PRACTICAL MORBID AN-
ATOMY. H. D. Rolleston, M.A., M.D.,
F.R.C.P., and A. A. Kanthack, M.D.,
M.R.C.P. (Biological Series). Cr. 8vo.
10s. 6d.
DISEASES AND TREATMENT
CEREBRO-SPINAL FEVER. M. Foster,
M.A., M.D., J. F. Gaskell, M.A., M.D. Roy.
8vo., 11 plates, 5 charts, 3 text-figures.
18s.
BENIGN STUPORS. A. Hoch, M.D. A
study of a new manic-depressive reaction
type. Preface by J. T. MacCurdy. Cr.
8vo. 14s.
THE BACTERIOLOGY OF DIPHTHERIA.
G. H. F. Nuttall, M.D., Ph.D., Se.D.,
F.R.S., and G. S. Graham-Smith, M.A.,
M.D., F.R.S. Re-issue, with bibliography,
recording the more important work published
since 1908. Roy. 8vo., 4 portraits,
16 plates. 26s.
EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF THE
MESENTERIC VESSELS. L. B. C. Trotter,
M.A., B.C. Demy 8vo. 10s. 6d.
WAR NEUROSES. J. T. MacCurdy, M.D.
Preface by W. H. It. Rivers, M.D. Demy
8vo. 10s. 6d.
The Prices quoted arc those at which the books are published in England.
An advance is made by Vie A ustralasian Booksellers. Send for a coin-
Plete Catalogue-Post Free-from the Australasian Representatives :-
THOS. C. LOTHIAN
72
PTY. LTD., THE RLTO, IA
497 COLLINS ST.,
MELBOURNE

PHOTOGRAPHS
:: OF ARTISTIC MERIT ::
AND SUPERIOR FINISH
Moderate Prices. Satisfaction Guaranteed
AT
VAN.DYCK STUDIO
274 COLLINS STREET MELBOURNE
(Next Allan's Music Shop) Phone Central 1830
BURTON TAXIS
Cr. SPRING AND LONSDALE STREETS
LIMOUSINES AND TOURING CARS
The Cheapest Taxi Service in Melbourne (Day or Night).
:: Special Rates to Readers of " The Speculum." ::
VAV
PHONES 1388 H. H. BURTON
2593 Proprietor
F 73

R. G. COLLIER & CO.
A Most Complete Stock of GENUINE FORD PARTS
always on hand. The Medical Man will find us
always at his service.
A Memo. of our Phone Nos. will be worth while :-
Cent. 3211 and 1516. After hours, Wind. 1269.
365-367 POST OFFICE PLACE, MELBOURNE
PHONE 9571 ESTABLISHED 50 YEARS
RIMLESS FITS-U SPS. PINCE-NEZ. BI-FOCAL SPS.
KRYTOP LENSES. CROOKE'S TINTED LENSES.
REPAIRS PROMPTLY EXECUTED.
JAMES JENNINGS,
Ophthalmic Optician,
211 QUEEN STREET,
Oculists' Formulae Carefully Executed. MELBOURNE.
THE " DECCA" PORTABLE PHONOGRAPH
The Only Phonograph that Combines Good Tone and Portability
An Ideal Instrument for the Week End.
SUTTON'S,
COMPACT AND STRONG. EASILY CARRIED.
LOUD, CLEAR TONE.
Plays All Needle Records Perfectly.
READY TO PLAY IMMEDIATELY OPENED.
Made in Three Styles—
14 , No. 1—Leather Cloth - - £8 8 0
No. 2—Fibre - - - £10 10 0
No. 3—Solid Leather - - £15 15 0
Sold on Easy Terms if desired.
290-B2a9l2laraBt OURKBEenz., MELBOURNE
Geelong
74

BRITISH MICROSCOPES
FOR BRITISH PEOPLE
The Source of Diamond Satisfaction since 1852
The alert ring-buyer invariably visits GAUNT'S ; the House known
to handle the finest stones exclusively. GAUNT'S values are unique.
ll, pi
deary
Diamond Shamrock Ring One large and six smaller Three Diamonds in Mille
£9
Diamonds—VS to £150. Grain setting—£21.
Single Diamond Claw Set from £15.
WATSON'S "SERVICE" MICROSCOPE
Is built to the specification of an expert
Committee, appointed by the British
Science Guild. It is ideal in all its ap-
pointments, it ranks second to none in its
optical qualties, and will withstand hard
and continuous usage.
Complete with Eye-pieces 2 and 4; Objec-
tives, 2-3rd and 1-8th; Abbe Condenser;
Triple Nosepiece and Case, £22.
Dissecting Instruments, Microtomes, Mag-
nifiers, Microscopical Mounted Specimens
of Histological, Botanical, Entomological
and other subjects.
W. WATSON & SONS LTD.
BLOCK ARCADE (FIRST FLOOR), MELBOURNE
ALSO AT SYDNEY AND BRISBANE
41
Five Diamonds in Mille Grain Setting—£25.
If unable to call, write for Ring Brochure and finger measurement
card. :: Scientific Instruments stocked and repaired.
GAUNT'S SPECIALIZE IN WATCH REPAIRS.
Watchmal(er, Jewelers,
Opticians
337- 339 bOURKE ST MELD. W-McF
75

MEDICAL ACCOUNT
AND
HISTORY SYSTEMS
We supply Complete Systems
for General Practice in Loose Leaf
Ledger form and Cards System
Also further systems especially
designed to meet the requirements
of specialists.
We are always pleased to place
in stock any practiced system required
by clients at the usual
stock rates.
Our business in all branches, including
Accountancy and Collection
of Bad Debts, is confined to
the requirements of the Medical
Profession.
EVANS BROS.
55 Collins Street (Fourth Floor)
Telephone Central 11241.
MEDICAL
TEXT BOOKS
Obtainable from all Medical Booksellers.
Berry (Prof. R.) " Practical Anatomy "
Volumes Sold Separately,
Vol. I.—The Superior and Inferior Extremity
22/6 (4d.)
Vol II.—The Thorax and Abdomen, 22/6 (4d.)
Vol. III.—Part I.—The Head and Neck, and
Organs of Special Sense, 20/- (4d.)
Vol. 1I1.—Part II.—The Central Nervous Sys-
tem. 17/6 (443.)
Three Volumes and Postage, 83/10.
Upjohn (W. G.) "Elementary Osteology"
9/ (3d.)
PUBLISHED BY
ROBERTSON & MULLENS Ltd.
107-113 Elizabeth St., Melbourne
The Hospital CARBOSYL
Disinfectant:
The ideal antiseptic for surgical and general use. Contains 50 per
cent. of free cresylic acid dissolved in a vegetable oil soap, and gives a clear
solution with water in any proportion. Carbosyl does not contain phenol,
and has a carbolic co-efficient (estimated by Rideal Walker test) of 10.
By destroying disease germs, Carbosyl prevents infection. Instruments
are not corroded, nor are clothes destroyed by the action of Carbosyl, which
has no benumbing effect on the operator's hands, nor irritant action on the
parts treated. Carbosyl must not be used internally, its chief utility being
in the field of surgery, and especially midwifery. Carbosyl has a solvent
action on mucus, being for this reason most serviceable in Gynaecological
operations.
Carbosyl is a powerful disinfectant and deodoriser, having great bactericidal
properties. It is less poisonous than others.
For the convenience of users, Carbosyl is issued in 4-oz., 8-oz., Pint and
i-gallon bottles, also in 1-gallon tins. Full directions are contained in the
pamphlet accompanying each bottle.
PROPRIETORS:
ROCKE, TOMPSITT & CO. Pty. Ltd., Melbourne
76

PIONEER MOTOR COACHES
All Pneumatic Tyres for Comfort Touring. For Your
SPRING AND SUMMER HOLIDAY TOURS
TO
GRAMPIANS, 7 days ; GIPPSLAND LAKES, 8 days ; AUSTRALIAN
ALPS, 12 days ; PORT CAMPBELL, 7 days ; TASMANIA,
12 days ; LORNE, 5 days.
A MOTOR HOLIDAY IS IDEAL.
A Pioneer Motor Holiday is AN IDEAL REALISED.
One of our Comfort Coaches.
HIGH-CLASS PNEUMATIC-TYRED MOTOR COACHES
Available for Picnics, Parties, Balls, &c.
Any Number from 15 Persons upwards.
Literature and Information at
PIONEER TOURIST BUREAU
Phone
Central 5224
13 QUEEN'S WALK
77

We Specialize in
Established
1876
KAY'S, FLORISTS
MISSES IVY and LILY RONALDS
(THE ORIGINAL RONALDS)
Display Block. Little Collins Street
:0:
Branch : Howey House, 244 Collins Street, Melbourne
Phone Central 6898
:0:
WEDDING BOUQUETS, POSIES, BON VOYAGE GIFTS, THEATRE BASKETS
and FUNERAL DESIGNS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS.
ELECTRIC FIRF,S
Hecla and Lamp Radiators.
Hot Point Electric Irons. ::
Toasters and Grillers. Electric Kettles.
Vibrators and Medical Coils.
Hair Driers. :: Indicators and Bells.
Batteries and Accumulators. ::
Wires, Flexibles and Cables. ::
Bead and Fancy Glass Shades. :;
Osram Metal Filament Lamps. ::
Motor Car Bulbs. ::
Electric Urns and Sterilizers.
MAINTENANCE WORK A SPECIALTY.
Phone
1413 Central
THOS. T. DRAPER `62 CO
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS
267 LITTLE COLLINS ST., MELBOURNE
78

HATS
MAKE THE SUPPLY
THE HATS
D. BUZOLICH PTY. LTD.
" The Hat Specialists"
NEWEST SHAPES ALL SIZES
IN THE FOLLOWING MAKES: —
STETSON WOODROW BORSALINO
American English Italian
BEST AUSTRALIAN MAKES
D. BUZOLICH PTY. LTD.
" UNDER THE CLOCKS,"
Also at 73 ELIZABETH STREET, MELBOURNE
YOUR BEST OVERCOAT
INVESTMENT
You won't find a coat to give you
greater satisfaction as regards
warmth, comfort, style and service—
at anywhere near the price than
THE NEW
" L-S" SPECIAL
63/-
It's a Coat worth double the price
—fashionably cut, flawlessly tailored
in smartest Light and Dark Tweeds
of guaranteed quality. Obtainable
with half, full belt, or plain—in a
complete range of sizes-63/-.
Lincoln, Stuart & Co.
Pty. Ltd.
244-54 Flinders Street, Melbourne
79

kswommimailailiiimmaalF
DODGE BROTHERS
ROADSTER
THE IDEAL DOCTOR'S CAR
INIIMMINIIIMEMPm2111111111 11111711111111121r061291181116070131MIN50
Owners have found that its economy
and its efficiency are unchanged
through the changing seasons . . .
It runs as well in Autumn as in Spring—in
Winter as in .:- urnmer -and at no greater cost.
Sole Representatives :
Canada Cycle & Motor Co.
(Vic.) Pty Ltd.
334-346 Latrobe Street,
Melbourne.
80

J. GRAHAM SONS
178 COLLINS STREET, MELBOURNE
BOXING WRESTLING JIU-JITSU
DEEP BREATHING CLUBS
PERSONAL TUITION. We Specialise in MEDICAL PHYSICAL TRAINING.
20 Years Established. Phone 9658 Central.
Telephone 2932 Telephone 2932
SEARS'
FOA
PHOTOGRAPHS
Wr6
271 COLLINS STREET MELBOURNE
MRS. GLADISH
UNIVERSITY ROBE MAKER
For Conferrings:
Hoods on Hire for All Degrees
THE UNIVERSITY LODGE, GRATTAN ST.
81

WE CARRY THE LARGEST STOCK OF DIAGNOSTIC
INSTRUMENTS IN THE COMMONWEALTH.
PATENT
G.P.PILLING&SON CO.
PHILA. PA.
PATENT
G.PPILLING&SON CO.
PHILA. PA.
WARNER & WEBSTER, 240 MELBOUR SWANS TON ST.
NE
MICROSCOPES, TELESCOPES,
SURVEYING & MATHEMATICAL
INSTRUMENTS
New and Second-hand
MICROSCOPES by
Leitz, Zeiss, Spencer,
Beck and others
usually in Stock.
Full Lists on aPPlication
or Posted to any address.
A good House for Purchase, Sale or Exchange of
Scientific Instruments.
Repairs by Skilled Mechanics.
NORMAN H. SEWARD,
"OPTICAL HOUSE,"
457 BOURKE ST„ (near Queen St.), MELBOURNE
82
Telephone—Central 9439

MICROSCOPIC SLIDES
" Pomp " Virginia
„ Turkish
" Duke " Virginia
„ Turkish
BACTERIOLOGICAL APPARATUS
AND LABORATORY GLASSWARE
- 10/- per 100
- 12/- „
- 15/-
- 17/6 .,
G. DAMMAN
AT CHEAPEST RATES
FROM
H. B. SELBY & CO.
393 SWANSTON STREET
TEL. 1377
DUNHILL'S PIPES
Bruyere 9n
"Shell '' *iv/
DUNHILL'S CIGARETTES
Packed in 10's, 20's, 50's, 100's
83
AND AT SYDNEY
MELBOURNE
DAMMAN'S
Virginia Cigarettes
These Cigarettes are hand-
made from the choicest Vir-
ginia Tobacco Imported into
Australia.
PLAIN 100 50 16 13
Medium Size - - 6/- 3/- 1/- —
Large „ - - 7/6 3/9 1/-
DUNHILL'S
CORK TIPPED, 6d. per 100 extra.
TOBACCO MIXTURES
CO . MELBOURNE
Specialists in High-Class Tobacconists' Goods

STATE
SAVINGS BANK
INTEREST
4 Per Cent. on First £500
3 Per Cent. on excess up to
£750.
4 Per Cent. on Deposit Stock
up to £1000.
PITMAN'S' SHORTHAND
--IN TEN LESSONS—
SPECIAL
RAPID POSTAL COURSE IN
PITMAN'S SHORTHAND
" The ONLY System for
Practical Purposes."
.
METROPOLITAN BUSINESS
COLLEGE
360 Collins Street
Phone 2518
MR. W. RAMSAY
233 LONSDALE STREET— MELBOURNE
(OPPOSITE MELBOURNE HOSPITAL)
Medical Bookseller to the University
A Large Assortment of ALL MEDICAL, SURGICAL,
DENTAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL BOOKS.
RAMSAY'S
MEDICAL CIRCULATING LIBRARY
Students' Subscriptions from ONE GUINEA per annum
84

Itt*/4
. ,,,,,,
, 0
: %,
,„ ,,,
/iii ;,
////,'/
-7.47
Wax
.ctIMEDICAl. SUPPLY ORO, 'IQ
1 I MINIM 1111111111.
, ,
For Science's Latest in
SURGICAL GOODS
Students' Half Skeletons in Cases. Skeletons
—Finest Selected Articulated. Disarticulated
Skulls in I, 2, 3 and 5 Sections. Pelvis Bones
with Ligaments. Hands, Feet, Arm Bones, &c.
Students' Dissecting Sets.
OUR ONLY ADDRESS:
DENYER'S
264-266 SWANSTON ST. (Four Doors from Lonsdale St.)
85

GRADUATES
0
O
-J
C.)
University Bi ll, 1923
0 0
E
.6 a I 1
7:4 g 4> 2 °
ca
E
4) 0 OD
2 ;
".t.
0
cc-n)
.2 .8 >' ,$)
73 8 0 — -a L' cn
Fr, IN
86
0
Ca
cr)
luapnIS `Jaci
the call of the needs of
(1.)
C. -C)
/
—0
A
0

000PS'
peat/
vad aani/
uadx3
of Sc ho
uehiai
-›. 1
Ln'
C1,
.1
o
-()
11- he ad
.741
Gran, p 1
\
'.
/e,,72
p&aq Jay „F°
87
000 'MI
cr 0
-..
>
)
cd
cn cn
7, 1
N 0.,
71"„, 2
O O..
0 7-- 0
on
.0 c4.?
.: 14)
0
)<
tu) 6
F u0 0 ..
oi.)
a) ral
E
0
N OA
›, 0
LL d tcn
.0 0
6 0
-0 0
C'0
O 0 _
O 0
N 0,
8
a) 0
cnu
-

HIGHEST STANDARD
. . IN . .
- - SURGICAL . . . .
INSTRUMENT . .
. MANUFACTURE
AUSTRALIAN
MADE—In our
Workshops
SURGICAL CUTLERY
Forcep work of all descriptions.
Individual ideas carried out in any instrument.
Alterations and Repairs receive our strictest
supervision.
Students' Requisites, Trusses, Belts, Artificial
Limbs, Rubber Gloves, Orthopaedic Appliances,
Splints, etc., on hand.
INSPECTION INVITED
REABY, TAYLOR & CO.
PTY. LTD.
247-249 LONSDALE STREET, MELBOURNE
Phone 6575
88

RAMSAY & CO.
AGENTS FOR
MAYER & PHELPS, LONDON
By Appointment to Melbourne,
Women's, Alfred, Children's, and
Principal Provincial Hospitals of
Victoria.
233 LONSDALE STREET
(Opposite Melbourne Hospital Gate)
and at
LONDON and CAPETOWN.
Surgical Instrument
Makers.
Medical Students' Requisites Supplied.
Dissecting Sets (Aseptic).
As supplied to Students attending
the University College Hospital, London.
Biological Sets.
RAMSAY & CO. MAYER
Osteological Sets.
"The Student's Set," Case containing
Vertebrae, Leg and Foot, Arm
and Hand, and Skull.
Skulls, Articulated and Disarticulated.
STETHOSCOPES, Binaural and
Ordinary Plessors, in Large Variety.
POCKET INSTRUMENTS, in
Case, Complete or Loose.
ASEPTIC SINGLE DISSECTING
or DRESSING Instruments, Strong
and Durable.
All Repairs Executed on the
Premises.
pE FIN ET LS pFs0
LON DON
Opposite
Hospital Gates 233 LONSDALE STREET Telephone
Central 1663
Factory—University Works, Dean St., Soho, London

Established 30 Years Telephone Central 4298
After Business Hours, Windsor 1531
JAMES LITTLE
MEDICAL PUBLISHER
IMPORTER of MEDICAL and SURGICAL
WORKS
Medical Agent for the Sale and Purchase of Practices.
Assistants and Locum Tenentes Supplied.
" CENTREWAY," COLLINS STREET, MELBOURNE
(Take Elevator to 3rd Floor)
Students' Text Books on Hand :
CLINICAL MEDICINE. By Lewellys F. Barker, M.D., Professor of Clinical
Medicine, The John's Hopkins University. Octavo, 625 pages.
Illustrated 1922.
A NEW PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. By A. A. Stevens, M.D., Professor
of Applied Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania. Octavo, 1106
pages. Illustrated 1922.
SCUDDER'S TREK ,ENT OF FRACTURES. New Ninth Edition. 800
pages, with 12,, Original Illustrations, 1923. A Standard Book on
the Subject.
REGIONAL ANESTPESIA, ITS TECHNIC AND CLINICAL APPLICA-
TION. By Gastou Labat, M.D., Special Lecturer on Regional Anesthesia.
THE MAYO CLINIC. October, 1922.
CRILE ON THE THYROID GLAND. The first of a series of Monographs
to come from the Crile Clinic at Cleveland, Ohio.
THE SURGICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA. Every other month,
February to December each year.
THE MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA. Every other year.
Clinic year, July to June each year.
Brown, Prior & Co. Pty. Ltd., 167 Queen St., Melbourne.