International SOLAS - Natural Environment Research Council
International SOLAS - Natural Environment Research Council
International SOLAS - Natural Environment Research Council
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<strong>International</strong> <strong>SOLAS</strong>: Network Progress<br />
and Plans<br />
UK-<strong>SOLAS</strong> Science Meeting<br />
Manchester July 2007
<strong>International</strong> <strong>SOLAS</strong><br />
1. Structure<br />
2. Sponsors<br />
3. Activities<br />
4. The IPO<br />
5. Open Science Meeting<br />
UK-<strong>SOLAS</strong> Science Meeting<br />
Manchester July 2007
IMP 1: Biogeochemical Interactions and Feedbacks Between<br />
Ocean and Atmosphere<br />
Chairs: Bill Miller (USA) and Mitsuo Uematsu (Japan)<br />
Officer: Véronique Schoemann (Belgium)<br />
Membership: Philip Boyd (New Zealand)<br />
Anton Eisenhauer (Germany)<br />
Gerd Hoenninger (Canada)<br />
William Keene (USA)<br />
David Kieber (USA),<br />
Caroline Leck (Sweden)<br />
Patricia Matrai (USA)<br />
Gordon McFiggans (UK)<br />
Claire Reeves (UK)<br />
Eric Saltzman (USA)<br />
Atsushi Tsuda (Japan)
IMP 2: Exchange Processes at the Air-Sea Interface & Role of<br />
Transport and Transformation in the Atmos. & Oceanic BLs<br />
Chair: Wade McGillis (USA)<br />
Officer: Daniela Turk (Canada)<br />
Membership: Douglas Nilsson (Sweden)<br />
Keith Hunter (New Zealand)<br />
Philip Nightingale (UK)<br />
Rik Wanninkhof (USA)<br />
Frank Bradley (Australia)<br />
Al Plueddemann (USA)<br />
Wu-ting Tsai (Republic of China)<br />
Svein Vagle (Canada)<br />
Detlef Stammer (Germany)<br />
Chris Fairall (USA)<br />
Bill Asher (USA)<br />
Véronique Garçon (France)<br />
Geert-Jan Roelofs (Holland)
IMP 3: Joint with IMBER<br />
Air-Sea Flux of CO 2 & Other Long-Lived Radiatively-Active<br />
Gases<br />
Chairs: Truls Johannessen (NOR)<br />
Arne Koertzinger (Germany)<br />
WG1-Surface Ocean Systems<br />
WG2-Interior Ocean<br />
WG3-Sensitivity: (future ocean)
Major <strong>SOLAS</strong> issue: Surface ocean CO 2 flux<br />
Takahashi et al., 2002
Major IMBER issue: Interior ocean carbon storage<br />
Repeat hydrography program
Major <strong>SOLAS</strong>/IMBER issue: pH effect on biogeochemistry &<br />
ecosystems
Joint <strong>SOLAS</strong>/IMBER Carbon<br />
Working Group<br />
• Joint Implementation<br />
Plan completed and on<br />
both web sites
SIC Working Group 1<br />
Surface Ocean Systems<br />
Membership:<br />
- Nicolas Metzl (France); Chair<br />
- Dorothy Bakker (UK)<br />
- Nick Bates (USA)<br />
- Gregory Beaugrand (UK)<br />
- Alberto Borges (Belgium)<br />
- Toshiro Saino (Japan)<br />
- Britton Stephens (USA)
SIC Working Group 2<br />
Interior ocean carbon storage<br />
Activity: Friends of Argo Task Team<br />
Participants: Nicolas Gruber (chair), Arne Kötzinger, Ken<br />
Johnson, Steve Riser, Steven R. Emerson, Greg<br />
Johnson, Osvaldo Ulloa, Scott C. Doney, and Denis<br />
Gilbert<br />
Goal: write a white paper to promote the addition of<br />
oxygen sensors to the international ARGO float program;<br />
Timeline: final draft by October
SIC Working Group 3<br />
Carbon cycle climate sensitivities and feedbacks<br />
(Chair: Kitack Lee; Korea)<br />
Activity: Mesocosm guidelines<br />
Participants: Ulf Riebesell (Germany), Kitack Lee<br />
(Korea), Kyungsoon Shin (Korea<br />
Goal: to outline science issues to be discussed,<br />
develop guidelines and protocols for mesocosm<br />
experiments
<strong>SOLAS</strong> Data Management Team<br />
• Evaluate and document the projected data products and data handling<br />
requirements of <strong>SOLAS</strong><br />
• Develop a practical policy for the documentation of models and modelderived<br />
products that are useful for <strong>SOLAS</strong> science<br />
• Recommend to the <strong>SOLAS</strong> SSC a common data reporting and sharing<br />
policy suitable for adoption by projects seeking <strong>International</strong> <strong>SOLAS</strong><br />
endorsement<br />
• Ensure that procedures are established to allow quantification of data<br />
uncertainties and quality (metadata requirements)<br />
• Make recommendations to the SSC concerning data centres that are<br />
particularly suitable for <strong>SOLAS</strong> needs<br />
• Work with national <strong>SOLAS</strong> PIs, data centres, the <strong>SOLAS</strong> IPO and<br />
national funding agencies to coordinate an international network of<br />
data managers that are hands-on with <strong>SOLAS</strong> data. At some later<br />
date, we envision this transforming into a Data Management<br />
Implementation Team.
<strong>SOLAS</strong> Scientific Steering Committee (SSC)<br />
Peter Liss Male UK Chair<br />
Paty Matrai Female USA Vice Chair<br />
Isabel Cacho Female Spain<br />
Truls Johannessen Male Norway<br />
Wade McGillis Male USA<br />
Tim Jickells Male UK<br />
Ken Denman Male Canada WCRP sponsored<br />
Sergey Gulev Male Russia WCRP sponsored<br />
Guang-Yu Shi Male China<br />
Shigenobu Takeda Male Japan<br />
Mitsuo Uematsu Male Japan<br />
Bill Miller Male USA Departing 2007<br />
Uli Platt Male Germany<br />
Barry Huebert Male USA<br />
Doug Wallace Male Germany Departing 2007<br />
Christiane Lancelot Female Belgium<br />
Gerrit DeLeeuw Male Netherlands<br />
Osvaldo Ulloa Male Chile
IGBP Vision<br />
The IGBP Network<br />
To provide scientific knowledge to improve<br />
the sustainability of the living Earth.<br />
• IGBP studies the interactions<br />
between biological, AIMES<br />
chemical and<br />
physical processes and human<br />
systems<br />
• IGBP collaborates with other<br />
programmes to develop and<br />
impart the understanding<br />
necessary to respond to global<br />
change
Earth System Science Partnership<br />
Integrated study of the Earth<br />
System, its changes, and<br />
implications for global<br />
sustainability
GEWEX 1988 →<br />
WCRP<br />
Observation<br />
Assmilation<br />
Panel<br />
CLIVAR 1995 →<br />
Task Forces<br />
WGNE<br />
WGCM<br />
WGSF<br />
Coordinated Observation and<br />
Prediction of the Earth System<br />
<strong>SOLAS</strong> 2001 -><br />
SPARC 1992→<br />
WCRP<br />
Modelling<br />
Panel<br />
CliC 2000 →
<strong>SOLAS</strong> Networks in 23 Nations<br />
Substantial Programmes:<br />
Belgium<br />
Canada<br />
China<br />
Germany<br />
Japan<br />
UK<br />
USA<br />
Sponsors:
Connecting <strong>SOLAS</strong> to Climate Change:<br />
Extrapolating to Larger Spatial and<br />
Longer Time Scales<br />
Ken Denman 1,2 , Nadja Steiner 1,2 , Norm McFarlane 1 ,<br />
Christoph Voelker 3 & Angelica Peña 2<br />
1 Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis,<br />
Meteorological Service of Canada, University of Victoria<br />
2 Institute of Ocean Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Oceans,<br />
Sidney, BC<br />
3 Alfred Wegener Institut, Bremerhaven, Germany<br />
Email: ken.denman@ec.gc.ca
Coordinator: Douglas Wallace, IFM-GEOMAR<br />
Submitted: Jan 2006<br />
Proposed start: Jan 2007<br />
Requested: EU 6.5 m over 3 years<br />
(12 Institutions, 43 Investigators, 23 sub-projects)
•How changing<br />
atmospheric composition<br />
affects the surface ocean<br />
ecosystem<br />
•How climate-related<br />
changes in surface ocean<br />
processes alter oceanic<br />
emissions to the<br />
atmosphere<br />
•Mechanisms / rates of<br />
air-sea material exchange
Marine Multi-Phase Halogen<br />
Chemistry and its Coupling to<br />
Nitrogen and Sulfur Cycles<br />
MAPHiNS<br />
U. Platt, S. Borrmann, A. Bracher, J.N. Crowley, H. Herrmann,<br />
T. Hoffmann, B. Jähne, A. Richter, P. Spietz, B. Vogel, R. von Glasow, W. von<br />
Hoyningen-Huene, T. Wagner, A. Wiedensohler, R. Wolke<br />
Proposal for a coordinated research project to German Science Foundation<br />
- complementary to SOPRAN<br />
- Duration up to 12 years
OUTLINE of Implementation Projects for each Focus<br />
1:1 Global Ocean Trace Gas Surveys<br />
1:2 The North-Atlantic African Dust-Aerosol<br />
Experiment (NAFDAE)<br />
1:3 Ocean-Atmosphere Ice-Snowpack (OASIS)<br />
1:4 Climate Modeling in <strong>SOLAS</strong> (CLIMAS)<br />
2:1 World Ocean Gas Exchange Process Studies<br />
2:2 Surface Spray in situ and modelling studies<br />
2:3 HiT-US<br />
2:4 Cape Verde Air-Sea Interaction Time Series<br />
Station<br />
3:1 Air-Water Carbon and Methane Fluxes in<br />
Coastal Oceans<br />
3:2 Southern Ocean Carbon Dioxide Studies<br />
3:3 Global Surface Carbon Concentration Surveys<br />
3:4 Perturbation Experiments<br />
4:1 Autonomous and Langrangian platforms<br />
(ALPS) for <strong>SOLAS</strong><br />
4:2 Satellites and Model Assimilations<br />
4:3 Summer School<br />
4:4 Data Management
<strong>SOLAS</strong> Activity in Japan 2005<br />
June 1-2: The 1st Asian <strong>SOLAS</strong> Meeting in conjunction with <strong>SOLAS</strong> SSC meeting in<br />
Tokyo. Activities of <strong>SOLAS</strong> from China (Beijing) and China (Taipei), India, Japan,<br />
and Korea were reported with over 40 participants<br />
Aug 8 - Sept 21: KH05-2 Cruise (10˚S - 53˚N along with 160˚W)<br />
October 8: GEOSS/BIOCARBON project was funded<br />
Oct 13-15: 1st Workshop Asian Dust and Ocean EcoSystem (ADOES) Weihai<br />
Oct 17-18: The SEEDS II Workshop (Second Iron Enrichment Experiment in the<br />
Western Subarctic Pacific) in Tokyo (Japan, US, Canada)<br />
November 15: Proposal submitted for the FY2006. This program will be funded (request<br />
was for 10.5 million USD)<br />
March 9-10 (2006): <strong>SOLAS</strong>/IMBER Japan workshop<br />
in Nagoya
SPEEDS<br />
BLOCKS<br />
SNIFFS<br />
SPEEDS:<br />
Summer 2008<br />
Subarctic Pacific<br />
Experiment for Ecosystem<br />
Dynamics Study<br />
BLOCKS:<br />
Spring 2007<br />
Bloom Caused by Kosa<br />
Study (ADOES/<strong>SOLAS</strong>?)<br />
SNIFFS & II:<br />
Summer 2006 & 2009<br />
Subtropical Nitrogen<br />
Fixation Flux Study
Dust fall in Beijing, Apr.17, 2006
Scientific Objectives of the Task<br />
To improve the understanding of the outbreak mechanism of dust, transport<br />
processes, especially the changes in physical and chemical properties of dust<br />
particles during their transport from source regions to the ocean, and the impacts<br />
of nutrient-rich dust particles on marine ecology system.<br />
� <strong>Environment</strong>al conditions of dust storm occurrence and its<br />
outbreak mechanism<br />
� Long-distance transportation processes, temporal-spatial<br />
distribution of dust particles<br />
� Changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of Asian<br />
dust during its transportation<br />
� Flux of Asian dust into China seas and the Pacific Ocean<br />
� The major factors controlling the utilization of dust nutrients<br />
� Effects of Asian dust on the marine ecology system<br />
� Radiation transfer in the euphotic layer and its impact on remote<br />
sensing the marine primary productivity
Task: AICI (Air-Ice Chemical<br />
• Sponsored by <strong>SOLAS</strong> and IGAC<br />
• Eric Wolff (UK)<br />
Paul Shepson (USA)<br />
• Campaigns at South Pole and<br />
Halley Bay (Antarctica) in 2004-<br />
2005 to study tropospheric ozone<br />
depletion, ice photochemistry and<br />
halogen cycles<br />
Interactions)<br />
South Pole<br />
NO > 200 pptv (model expectation 1-5 pptv)<br />
OH ~2 x 10 6 molecules cm -3
Arctic Ocean is central to the understanding of climate and global change<br />
OASIS Science<br />
Ocean-Atmosphere-<br />
Sea Ice-Snowpack<br />
www.OASIShome.net<br />
OASIS is a long term science program for the next decade.<br />
OASIS Implementation<br />
OASIS – IPY 2007-08: m/v Antarctica
<strong>SOLAS</strong>/INI Review of<br />
Anthropogenic Nitrogen Impacts on the Open Ocean<br />
Joint <strong>SOLAS</strong>/<strong>International</strong> Nitrogen Initiative (INI) Review of<br />
Anthropogenic Nitrogen Impacts on the Open Ocean<br />
University of East Anglia on 17-20 November 2006.<br />
The products will be 2-4 papers for submission to journals such<br />
as Deep-Sea <strong>Research</strong> or Global Biogeochemical Cycles, and a<br />
review paper submitted to Science or Nature.
Second Symposium<br />
on<br />
The Ocean in a High-CO 2 World<br />
Chair: Jim Orr<br />
Date: late 2007/early 2008<br />
Location: undecided.<br />
Potential Co-sponsors: IOC, IGBP, others; we hope that<br />
the PAGES-led FTI will contribute to the meeting.<br />
Product(s):<br />
1. Special issue of a peer-reviewed scientific journal<br />
2. Meeting reports in other publications<br />
3. <strong>Research</strong> recommendations to <strong>SOLAS</strong>, IMBER, and<br />
other projects
CARBOOCEAN<br />
Aims at an accurate assessment of marine carbon sources / sinks<br />
Focused on the Atlantic and Southern Oceans (-200 to +200 years)<br />
5 core themes<br />
1. North Atlantic and Southern Ocean CO2 air-sea exchange on seasonal-tointerannual<br />
scale. (Andy Watson)<br />
2. Detection of decadal-to-centennial Atlantic and Southern Ocean carbon inventory<br />
changes. (Doug Wallace)<br />
3. Carbon uptake and release at European regional scale. (Helmuth Thomas)<br />
4. Biogeochemical feedbacks on the oceanic carbon sink. (Marion Gehlen)<br />
5. Future scenarios for marine carbon sources and sinks. (C. Heinze)
Fast track initiative: ocean acidification<br />
1st Workshop 28-30 Nov 2006<br />
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, USA<br />
Goals: define state of art, key questions, recommendations,<br />
deliverables, and publication outlines<br />
Contact: Thorstein Kiefer<br />
kiefer@pages.unibe.ch
DMS model inter-comparison workshop<br />
Brussels, 4-8 December 2006<br />
• Origin: Discussion forum at <strong>SOLAS</strong> Open Science meeting, Halifax Oct 2004<br />
Conduct a systematic comparison of DMS ecosystem models against common<br />
data sets to spur improvements and indicate observations to better constrain<br />
DMS dynamics.<br />
→ Ad-hoc committee: C. Lancelot, M. Levasseur and A. Vezina<br />
→Y. Le Clainche drafted as scientific coordinator, V. Schoemann as local organizer<br />
• Support from <strong>International</strong> <strong>SOLAS</strong> Office and BELSPO<br />
• Workshop planning at the 4th DMS(P) international symposium at UEA
What is the <strong>SOLAS</strong> <strong>International</strong> Project Office (IPO)?<br />
People<br />
Jeff Hare (Executive Officer)<br />
Emily Breviere (Project Officer)<br />
Georgia Bayliss-Brown (<strong>Research</strong> Assistant)<br />
Roles<br />
• Communication<br />
• Coordination<br />
• Provide an international basis for the <strong>SOLAS</strong> Legacy
eBulletins, Newsletters, Website<br />
http://www.solas-int.org<br />
Seeking IMP3 contributions to next newsletter
Activities<br />
Coordination at all levels of <strong>SOLAS</strong> structure, including:<br />
SSC<br />
Sponsored meetings / events<br />
National <strong>SOLAS</strong> activities<br />
Workshops<br />
Work with other IGBP projects,<br />
Maintain the network<br />
Summer School<br />
Open Science Meetings<br />
Implementation Groups<br />
Data Management Team<br />
Other…..
Summer School 2005:<br />
•29th August- 10th September<br />
•74 participants from 29 nations<br />
•16 leading <strong>SOLAS</strong> scientists<br />
•Financial support:<br />
Institut Scientifique de Cargèse,<br />
Corsica
Summer School 2007:<br />
•22nd October- 3rd November<br />
•Scientific committee:<br />
Phil Boyd NZ<br />
Minhan Dai China<br />
Mitsuo Uematsu Japan<br />
Maurice Levasseur Canada<br />
Véronique Garçon France<br />
Corinne Le Quéré UK<br />
Peter Liss UK<br />
Uli Platt Germany<br />
Natalie Mahowald US<br />
Eric Saltzman US<br />
Institut Scientifique de Cargèse,<br />
Corsica
COST and KT<br />
• European Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and<br />
Technical <strong>Research</strong> (COST)<br />
– Supports the creation of Data Products for each IMP<br />
– Expecting ~ € 50k per year for 5 years<br />
• UK <strong>Natural</strong> <strong>Environment</strong> <strong>Research</strong> <strong>Council</strong> Knowledge<br />
Transfer (NERC-KT)<br />
– Data Integrator<br />
– Coordinates with BODC
2007 <strong>SOLAS</strong> Open Science Meeting<br />
6-9 March 2007 Xiamen, Fujian, China<br />
http://www.solas2007.confmanager.com
Tom Pedersen, Canada<br />
Roland Von Glasow, Germany<br />
Jill Cainey, Australia<br />
Shigenobu Takeda, Japan<br />
Phil Nightingale, UK<br />
Wu-Ting Tsai, China (Taipei)<br />
Lise Lotte Soerensen, Denmark<br />
Barry Huebert, USA<br />
Min-Han Dai, China (Beijing)<br />
Laurent Bopp, France<br />
Kitack Lee, Korea<br />
Lisa Miller, Canada<br />
Véronique Garçon, France<br />
Maurice Levasseur, Canada<br />
Tong Zhu, China (Beijing)<br />
Craig McNeil (USA)<br />
List of Speakers at the<br />
<strong>SOLAS</strong> Open Science Meeting<br />
6-9 March 2007<br />
Xiamen China
Many thanks for the Support!
• Please attend.<br />
• Register Early!<br />
• Bring your<br />
students.