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Trade and Employment: From Myths to Facts Schneider, F.; Enste, D.H. 2000. Schattenwirtschaft und schwarzarbeit: Umfang, ursachen, wirkungen und wirtschaftspolitische empfehlungen (Munich). Shimer, R. 2005. Reassessing the ins and outs of unemployment (University of Chicago). Singh, N.; Sapra, M.K. 2007. “Liberalization in trade and finance: India’s garment sector”, in B. Harriss-White; A. Sinha (eds): Trade liberalization and India’s informal economy (Oxford University Press). Sinha, A.; Adam C.S. 2000. Trade policy reform and the informal sector in India, paper presented at the Thirteenth International Conference on Input-Output Techniques at Macerata, Italy, Aug. Sinha, A.; Adam C.S. 2006. “Reforms and informalization: What lies behind jobless growth in India”, in B. Guha-Khasnobis; R. Kanbur (eds): Informal labour markets and development (Palgrave Macmillan). Sinha, A.; Siddiqui, K.A.; Munjal, P. 2007. “A SAM framework of the Indian informal economy”, in B. Harriss-White; A. Sinha (eds): Trade liberalization and India’s informal economy (Oxford University Press, India). Sinha, A.; Siddiqui, K.A.; Sangeeta, N. 2003. The impact of alternative economic policies on the informal sector: A multisectoral study (NCAER). Sinha, A. 1999. “Trade liberalisation and informal households: A study using a CGE model for India”, Research Report No. 26 (Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford). Sinha, A. 2009. “Impact of global slowdown on employment and income in India: A CGE model analysis”, prepared for a study on The consequences of the global economic crisis (NCAER and World Bank), mimeo. de Soto, H. 1989. The other path: The invisible revolution in the Third World (Tauris). Squire, L. 1991. “Poverty and adjustment in the 1980s: Introduction”, in World Bank Economic Review, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 177-185, May. Stallings, B.; Peres, W. 2000. Growth, employment and equity: The impact of the economic reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean (Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean and Brookings Institution Press). UNDP. 1999. Human development report 1999. UN DESA. 2005. The inequality predicament: Report on the world social situation 2005. Van der Hoeven, J. 1996. “Differential and mixed differential - difference equations from the effective viewpoint”. Preprints. White, H. 1997. Poverty and adjustment in Sub-Saharan Africa: A review of the literature, report prepared for the evaluation of SPA (Institute of Social Studies). World Bank. 2005. “The informality trap, private sector development”, View Point Note No. 301 (Washington, DC). World Bank. 2007. Argentina poverty assessment – Informal employment in Argentina: Towards understanding its causes and consequences. Wright, M.L.J. 2004. “New empirical results on default: A discussion of ‘A gravity model of sovereign lending trade, default and credit’”, IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 51. 166
Chapter 4: Trade and the informal economy ANNEX 4.A: DEVELOPING A KNOWLEDGE TOOL ON TRADE AND INFORMALITY This annex provides information for the development of a knowledge tool on trade and informality. Such a tool could serve to train relevant government ministry officials and researchers to support policy-makers in designing policies that address the challenges of trade and informality. First, an outline for the background information is provided. This information is provided in this chapter and could be complemented by additional information from other parts of this book, especially the overviews of trade and employment (Chapter 2) and methodology (Chapter 3), but also the chapter on gender and trade and trade adjustment (Chapter 6). Second, information about strengths and weaknesses of different analytical approaches is provided in a structured form. Third, for the development of a CGE model, data requirements are discussed and four examples of possible data sources are provided. 4.A.1 Outline of background information for a knowledge tool Module 1: What is informal work: Concepts and status 1.1 Overview 1.2 Aims of the module 1.3 Why measure informal work? 1.4 The status and trends in data collection on informal employment Module 2: Guide to policy options, responses and advocacy on informal work 2.1 Overview 2.2 Aims of the module 2.3 Integration of informal work in national policies 2.4 What are the perspectives in analysing policy implications of informal work? 2.5 Informal work in labour-market and employment policies 2.6 Policy options and responses for informal work Module 3: Guide on methods for measuring informal work through case studies 3.1 Overview 3.2 Aims of the module 3.3 Concepts and terminology 3.4 Building a system of interaction with respondents in the informal economy 3.5 Building focus-group discussion issues using good practices 3.6 Build field-study questionnaires using good practices Module 4: Guide to building analytical tools for integrating informal work in quantitative models 4.1 Overview 4.2 Aims of the module 4.3 Best practices for quantitative techniques to study trade and informality 4.4 Guide to building SAMs 4.5 Guide to building CGEs 167
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Trade and Employment From Myths to
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Trade and Employment From Myths to
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PREFACE Trade negotiations -bilater
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Trade and Employment: From Myths to
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EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS EDITORS Ma
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The editors wish t
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NEW EVIDENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMEN
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Chapter 2: New evidence on trade an
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Region Annualized percentage change
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Region 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 200
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Figure 2.4.b: Long-run association
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20 See Harrison and Rodriguez-Clare
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ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF TRADE ON EM
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