From Responsibility to Response: Assessing National - Brookings

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Doha, Qatar / 28 May 2011: Talks were briefly held up on this day at the All Darfur Stakeholders Conference after representatives of internally displaced persons and civil society initially refused to participate. The refusal was brought on by delays in the arrival of a number of their delegations leaders. The discussions later resumed and reviewed the delegates’ positions on a number of key elements including justice and reconciliation, human rights, peaceful coexistence and power and wealth sharing. The Doha negotiations led to the signing in July 2011 of the Doha Darfur Peace Document between the government of the Republic of the Sudan and the Liberation and Justice Movement. Photo: UNAMID - Olivier Chassot
The process of participation is generally understood to follow a spectrum of increasing levels of engagement (see Figure 1-3 below). 2 There are also the established 2 Brookings-Bern Project on Internal Displacement, Moving Beyond Rhetoric: Consultation and Participation with Populations Displaced by Conflict or Natural Disasters, Benchmark 9 Facilitate IDPs’ Participation in Decisionmaking Participation Level Modalities Outcome Passive participation or information sharing For example, dissemination of documents and public briefings by officials. Information transfer For example, field visits and interviews with the affected population. Consultation For example, focus group discussions and interviews. Collaboration Participatory needs assessment and project implementation (for example, IDPs supply labor for the construction of their new houses in an agency-led project). Decisionmaking and control of resources Local initiative and control For example, joint committees or working groups of authorities or agencies and representatives of the affected populations. For example, a community-based organization (ideally an organization made up of members of the affected population itself) may organize vocational training classes that receive financial support from an agency. 3 The Participation Spectrum was adapted from the following: P. Robson, The Case of Angola, Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance in Humanitarian Action (ALNAP) (London: Overseas Development Institute, 2003); B. G. Sokpoh and K. Levy- Simancas, The Case of Guinea, ALNAP (London: Overseas Development Institute, 2004); Asian Development Bank, Strengthening Participation for Development Results: A 3 Staff Guide to Consultation and Participation, (April 2006); Figure 1-3: The participation spectrum 3 115 participation and consultation mechanisms provided by the political process, through exercise of the right to vote in elections and referenda. October 2008 (www.brookings.edu/reports/2008/10_ internal_displacement.aspx). Affected populations are informed but are not heard. Selected members of the affected population supply information in response to questions but do not make decisions or influence the process, at least not directly. Selected members of the affected population are asked to offer their opinions, suggestions, and perspectives but are not involved in decisionmaking or implementation and do not influence the process, at least not directly. Selected members of the affected population are directly involved in needs analysis and project implementation. They may also contribute, with labor and other skills, to implementation of projects led by other actors. Selected members of the affected population are involved in project assessment, planning, evaluation and decisionmaking. Affected populations take the initiative; a project is conceived and run by the community, potentially with the support of agencies or the authorities. African Development Bank, Handbook on Stakeholder Consultation and Participation in ADB Operations (2001); Department for International Development (DFID), Tools for Development: A Handbook for Those Engaged in Development Activity, version 15.1 (March 2003); ALNAP, Participation by Crisis-Affected Populations in Humanitarian Action: A Handbook for Practitioners (London: Overseas Development Institute, 2003), p. 22.
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The Brookings Institution - London
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From Responsibility to Response: As
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CONTENTS Acronyms .................
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ACRONYMS AIHRC Afghanistan Independ
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FOREWORD It is with great pleasure
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Given the large num
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It is a central tenet of internatio
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legislation relevant to IDPs. Still
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amend existing ones, in line with t
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Background and Aims of the Study In
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displacement persists for several y
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operationalizing the responsibiliti
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Therefore, it is not surprising tha
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Azerbaijani, Chinese, French, Portu
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National Initiatives In Iraq, IOM p
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of the country. 62 In addition, six
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in French and Spanish depending on
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serves only to supplant and absolve
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CHAPTER 1 Assessing National Approa
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Benchmark 1 Benchmark 1 Prevent Dis
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Benchmark 1 Prevent Displacement an
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Benchmark 2 Raise National Awarenes
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Conclusion Benchmark 2 Raise Nation
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Benchmark 3 Data Collection on Inte
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—Current location and location of
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its registration rolls intra-urban
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and profiling of three types of IDP
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the government of Afghanistan under
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Benchmark 4 Training on the Rights
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actions of DRC authorities and nong
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the provision of technical support
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Justice, National Cohesion and Cons
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February 2010; one outcome of the t
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Conclusion As indicated in the intr
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Benchmark 12 Cooperation with Inter
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North Darfur, Sudan/ A woman collec
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CHAPTER 2 Case Studies Georgia, Ken
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Georgia From Solidarity to Solution
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Kenya National Response to Internal
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Afghanistan Internal Displacement i
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Sri Lanka Gaps in the Government Re
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Domestic Financing Foreign financin
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This study seeks to shed light on h
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CHAPTER 3 Translating National Resp
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For each country case study, the ex
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5 6 Ensure a Legal Framework for Up
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9 9 a) Facilitate IDPs’ Participa
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12 Cooperate with International Com
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The Brookings Institution - London
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From Responsibility to Response: Assessing National - Brookings

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