PALESTINIAN SOCIETY - Fafo

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© Fagbevegelsens senter for forskning, utredning og dokumentasjon 1993 ISBN 82-7422-105-2 Cover: Jon S. Lahlum Print: 'C Falch Hurtigtrykk, Oslo
Contents Preface ....................................................... : .............................. 6 Introduction .......................................................................... 11 the Gaza, West Bank and Arab Jerusalem survey ........ : .. ; ..... 14 Chapter 1 The Transformation of Palestinian Society: . Fragmentation and Occupation ..... ..................................... 21 The Fragmentationof Palestinian Society3 ............................ 22 Urban-Rural Disparities ...................................... : ................... 23 Po�e!1y, Migration, and Living . C�n�itions : .. : ..... :. : ................ 24 Jundlcal Control and the Israeh ClvIl AdmllllstnitlOn .. ; ........ 26 Control of Land, Labour and Infrastructure ................ ; .. , ....... 28 Loss of Control and Reaction to Powerlessness ..................... 28 Chapter 2 Population Characteristics and Trends .•.•....... 35 Population ............................................. : ................................. 35 Who is "Palestinian"? ............................ ; ................................ 36 Palestinian Population History ............................................... 37 The Population Covered by the FAFO Survey ....................... 38 Characteristics of Population in the Occupied Territories ..... 39 Infant and Child Mortality ...................................................... 49 Data Limitations ..................................................................... 51 Data Quality ............................................................................ 52 Childhood Mortality Estimation ............................................. 56 Regional Comparison ............................................................. 59 Concluding Remarks .............................................................. 61 Fertility ................................................................................... 62 Summary Statistics of F ALCOT 92 Input Data ..................... 62 Population Projections ............................................................ 66 Limitations on Input Parameters ... ........ ............................ .. � ... 67 Basic Assumptions ................................................................. 68 Formulation of Alternative Projections .................................. 71 Results ...... : ............................................................................. 71 . Projected Developments in the Occupied Territories Using Projection 4 ......... ............. 74 Prospects of Change in Population Size ................................. 75 Chapter 3 Housing ........................................ : ....................... 81 �id�� t t �H��:i� i ;t�rt ��.��.��!�.��.��!.�.��.�.��.�� .... 81 Variations in Construction ...................................................... 83 Privacy and housing density .................................................. : 84 Infrastructural Amenities:Water, Sewage and Electricity ..... 87 Indoor Standards ..................... ........................ ........................ gg Forms of Ownership ........... : ................................................... 92 Housing and Safety with Regard to Children ......................... 94 Conclusion .................................................................. : ........... 96
Page 1: Marianne Heiberg and Geir Øvensen
Page 6 and 7: Chapter 4 Health ..................
Page 8 and 9: Preface The history of the FAFO liv
Page 10 and 11: future analyses. We look forward to
Page 12 and 13: Gaza, colonel Zacharias Backer, gav
Page 14 and 15: tive effects of economic growth, su
Page 16 and 17: Demographics: The size and composit
Page 18 and 19: cally different. For example, Israe
Page 20 and 21: Interested readers should consult t
Page 22 and 23: of ten look at their situation in m
Page 24 and 25: The Fragmentation of Palestinian So
Page 26 and 27: dunums would be used for subsistenc
Page 28 and 29: Whole village communities, as well
Page 30 and 31: planning, the transfer of land acqu
Page 32 and 33: eginning of 1993. It continues to a
Page 34 and 35: 4 The data in this section is deri
Page 37 and 38: Chapter 2 Population Characteristic
Page 39 and 40: British Mandate of Palestine as its
Page 41 and 42: Table 2.1 Head of household'sfather
Page 43 and 44: Gaza West Bank centers which remain
Page 45 and 46: In the present study the Gaza Strip
Page 47 and 48: egional pyramids can be compared to
Page 49 and 50: West Bank variations by refugee sta
Page 51 and 52: Infant and Child Mortality The rest
Page 53 and 54: ever bom (CEB) and children survivi
Page 55 and 56:
Age Structure The data set represen
Page 57 and 58:
fallirig outside this interval may
Page 59 and 60:
second and the third groups with we
Page 61 and 62:
q(S) durmg the last fIfteen years,
Page 63 and 64:
Concluding Remarks The Brass method
Page 65 and 66:
50 years at the time of the intervi
Page 67 and 68:
in the value for the age group 25-2
Page 69 and 70:
The projections are based on extens
Page 71 and 72:
Mortality u sing F ALCOT 92 results
Page 73 and 74:
Table 2.15 Assumed age structure of
Page 75 and 76:
distribution in three broad age gro
Page 77 and 78:
64. The weakest growth is expected
Page 79 and 80:
Shahin et al. (1989), A Baseline De
Page 81 and 82:
17 Statistical abstract of Israel 1
Page 83 and 84:
Chapter 3 Housing Marianne Heiberg
Page 85 and 86:
ecome underdeveloped due to c1osure
Page 87 and 88:
Table 3.4 Mean squnre meters per ho
Page 89 and 90:
ed households. The survey figures f
Page 91 and 92:
With regard to heating, in Arab Jer
Page 93 and 94:
shift, reflecting increased prosper
Page 95 and 96:
Survey data on fonns of ownership i
Page 97 and 98:
injured, the fewest injuries occurr
Page 99:
Gaza camps and West Bank camps woul
Page 102 and 103:
All individuals in the sample were
Page 104 and 105:
14 days. The survey included childr
Page 106 and 107:
oth of which are characterized by a
Page 108 and 109:
Variations in Rates and Patterns of
Page 110 and 111:
The rate of acute and chronic illne
Page 112 and 113:
tive of social background. Religios
Page 114 and 115:
in Sweden, and 7.4 in Belgium and 1
Page 116 and 117:
provide family planning assistance.
Page 118 and 119:
given assistance in private cIinics
Page 120 and 121:
up to 44% among those above 60 year
Page 122 and 123:
Protective Factors Stress tolerance
Page 124 and 125:
on the frequencies and distribu- Ta
Page 126 and 127:
high degree of distress increases o
Page 128 and 129:
About I out of 3 respond- Table 4.1
Page 130 and 131:
The second question needs further a
Page 132 and 133:
References Feachem RGA. et al. The
Page 134 and 135:
education to the world outside laea
Page 136 and 137:
in a subsequent chapter which deals
Page 138 and 139:
y literacy, but is not the equivale
Page 140 and 141:
It is widely believed that UNRWA an
Page 142 and 143:
Reversely, for those in the bot- Ta
Page 144 and 145:
Religious observance is affected by
Page 146 and 147:
life - the family, the neighbourhoo
Page 148 and 149:
For men and women there seems to be
Page 150 and 151:
The increased propensity, associate
Page 152 and 153:
determine whether or not women are
Page 154 and 155:
wear Western forms of dress (table
Page 156 and 157:
tributes of gen der and age in affe
Page 158 and 159:
political institutions recognized b
Page 160 and 161:
The lower the level of a household'
Page 162 and 163:
In contrast to most developing coun
Page 164 and 165:
Religious affiliation was considere
Page 166 and 167:
etween household weaIth and Head of
Page 168 and 169:
Recent Development of Household Inc
Page 170 and 171:
Figure 6.9 shows thatchanges in hou
Page 172 and 173:
In Arab Jerusalem, one out of five
Page 174 and 175:
income as their only type of in com
Page 176 and 177:
survey. Capital income in the occup
Page 178 and 179:
e said roughly to be associated wit
Page 180 and 181:
As to recentdevelopments in househo
Page 182 and 183:
180
Page 184 and 185:
Labour Force Definitions For measur
Page 186 and 187:
countries. Casual work, unpaid work
Page 188 and 189:
to some extent may be explained by
Page 190 and 191:
tive economic acti vities has been
Page 192 and 193:
The firsteffect(whichresembles Figu
Page 194 and 195:
employment. Invisible underemployme
Page 196 and 197:
hold full-time jobs. Figure 7.9 iII
Page 198 and 199:
older and weU educated persons than
Page 200 and 201:
entry into Israel. 2) Cultural fact
Page 202 and 203:
workers having had only one job dro
Page 204 and 205:
Figure 7.20 shows that the north- F
Page 206 and 207:
tendency to the opposite effect. Mo
Page 208 and 209:
occupied territories employed in Is
Page 210 and 211:
) "activities which do not generate
Page 212 and 213:
tus, and the relatively high rate o
Page 214 and 215:
In conclusion, when engaging in inc
Page 216 and 217:
the total economy' s production of
Page 218 and 219:
where income appears at the timeof
Page 220 and 221:
48 There is no correlation between
Page 222 and 223:
220
Page 224 and 225:
There is, however, little common ag
Page 226 and 227:
occupational prestige categories, o
Page 228 and 229:
opposed to the status categorizatio
Page 230 and 231:
The distribution is grouped into fo
Page 232 and 233:
of their male counterparts, and may
Page 234 and 235:
access to financial support (e.g. N
Page 236 and 237:
economic trends, invoking il greate
Page 238 and 239:
taken individually, dose to half of
Page 240 and 241:
The Role of the Family Based on the
Page 242 and 243:
etween the two extreme categories o
Page 244 and 245:
can be observed. With the emergence
Page 246 and 247:
etween different social groups with
Page 248 and 249:
ackground characteristics. All coef
Page 250 and 251:
248
Page 252 and 253:
eal views in a formally constructed
Page 254 and 255:
These points are further illustrate
Page 256 and 257:
girls far below the age of puberty
Page 258 and 259:
to each other, but the social messa
Page 260 and 261:
played out in the work plaee, an ar
Page 262 and 263:
efugees, regardless of whether they
Page 264 and 265:
Education also seems to impact on t
Page 266 and 267:
While disparities in religious Tabl
Page 268 and 269:
Political Attitudes Because politic
Page 270 and 271:
Islam might be less, survey results
Page 272 and 273:
the trend toward increasing prefere
Page 274 and 275:
premise is that the individual owes
Page 276 and 277:
women seems not to be affected by a
Page 278 and 279:
occupied territories into advanced
Page 280 and 281:
The single most embittered sector o
Page 282 and 283:
answer" category is higher since ma
Page 284 and 285:
generation, Palestinian society als
Page 286 and 287:
frarne. Within the questionnaire, m
Page 288 and 289:
ideology that refuses to recognize
Page 290 and 291:
divoreed. On the other hand, 7% of
Page 292 and 293:
64 women at ages 43-47. These facto
Page 294 and 295:
Preferred Marriage Age As mentioned
Page 296 and 297:
Here it becomes dear that Table lO.
Page 298 and 299:
to seIl. Because of a low sample si
Page 300 and 301:
differences: the differences in jew
Page 302 and 303:
high numbers of young Table 10.13 C
Page 304 and 305:
within, between and outside of thei
Page 306 and 307:
Another interesting point in Table
Page 308 and 309:
association with the tradition of i
Page 310 and 311:
and, in the West Bank, the strong d
Page 312 and 313:
professional work. In other words,
Page 314 and 315:
312
Page 316 and 317:
would be involved, this was conside
Page 318 and 319:
the various sampling stages Table A
Page 320 and 321:
that this particular feature might
Page 322 and 323:
Multi-household housing units frequ
Page 324 and 325:
Sample Allocation In this section t
Page 326 and 327:
i.e. the sum of sample households o
Page 328 and 329:
Selection of Sample PS Us (1st stag
Page 330 and 331:
Raving thus determined the househol
Page 332 and 333:
4 Arab Jerusalem Sample Design The
Page 334 and 335:
1983 map (other statistical maps ha
Page 336 and 337:
technical character, mathematical f
Page 338 and 339:
By successively inserting the vario
Page 340 and 341:
within the con text of inclusion pr
Page 342 and 343:
Proceeding one step furtherthe stra
Page 344 and 345:
ecomes less uncertain, the assessme
Page 346 and 347:
Non-response is generally the most
Page 348 and 349:
Appendix B Recruitment, Training an
Page 350 and 351:
were approached and the purpose and
Page 352 and 353:
dealing with opinions without subco
Page 354 and 355:
which person was chosen as the rand
Page 356 and 357:
standards. A workable compromise wa
Page 358 and 359:
of the legal ranges were checked bo
Page 360 and 361:
358
Page 362 and 363:
A2.2 Distribution of population by
Page 364 and 365:
A2.4 Age distribution by religion a
Page 366 and 367:
A2.6 Household composition by regio
Page 368 and 369:
A2.8 Household composition m occupi
Page 370 and 371:
A2.10 Percent of households in whic
Page 372 and 373:
A6.2 Household wealth by household
Page 374 and 375:
A6.4 Householdwealth in Gaza and th
Page 376 and 377:
A6.6 Householdweekly meat consumpti
Page 378 and 379:
A6.8 Percent of households eaming l
Page 380 and 381:
A6. JO Head of Household labour inc
Page 382 and 383:
A6. 12 Household income types in Ga
Page 384 and 385:
A6. 14 Distribution ofhousehold inc
Page 386 and 387:
the CBS survey is primarily conceme
Page 388 and 389:
ent both on the definition of "unem
Page 390 and 391:
Table A. 7.3 Labour force participa
Page 392 and 393:
Table A. 7.4 Unemployed persons as
Page 394 and 395:
Table A.7.5 "Discouraged" workers a
Page 396 and 397:
Table A.7.6 (Continued) Full-time a
Page 398 and 399:
Table A. 7.8 Labourforce members by
Page 400 and 401:
Table A. 7. JO Male labour fo rce m
Page 402 and 403:
Table A. 7. 12 Comparative composit
Page 404 and 405:
Table A.7.J3 (Continued) Main emplo
Page 406 and 407:
Table A. 7. 15 Distribution of labo
Page 408 and 409:
Table A.l.Il Main employment of lab
Page 410 and 411:
Table A. 7. 19 Main employment of l
Page 412 and 413:
Table A. 7.20 Main employment of la
Page 414 and 415:
Table A. 7. 22 Comparative composit
Page 416 and 417:
Table A. 7.24 Labourforce members b
Page 418 and 419:
Table A. 7. 26 Labour force members
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Table A. 7.28 Weekly time use for w
Page 422:
PALESTINIAN SOCIETY in Gaza, West B
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