Abstract - Quest for Global Competitiveness - Universidad de Puerto ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

ABSTRACTThe Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the United StatesCongress enacted new legislation and regulations in 2002 requiring corporationsto initially recognize stock option grants as an expense (voluntarily) on theirfinancial statements. In 2004 option expensing became mandatory. This paperdescribes the different changes made by a sample of U.S. public corporations totheir Equity compensation plans after the mandatory expensing of stock optionswent into effect.The results suggest that firms seem to have reacted to the required optionexpensing by accelerating the vesting of their outstanding options with acontemporaneous reduction in the use of stock options as a compensationincentive. Executive (employee) compensation practices seem to have shiftedfrom stock option grants to performance and restricted stock awards. Anunexpected finding of this investigation was observing that besides employeesand Board directors, firms are also granting equity compensation to nonemployeessuch as vendors and consultants.Keywords: Equity compensation plans, stock options, performance stock,restricted stockData Availability: Data used in this study are available upon request.3
IntroductionIn 2002 Congress enacted legislation (“the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002”) andthe Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued accounting standardsthat require Corporations, among other matters, to disclose more information ontheir financial statements related to executive compensation and to recognizestock option grants as an expense on their financial statements. The objective ofthis paper is to describe the different changes in the equity compensationpractices of a sample of public corporations after the implementation of themandatory expensing of stock options.Options as a Component of CompensationManagers were once paid with salaries and bonuses only. However, as thecomplexity of the business world grew and companies became moresophisticated, stock option grants were added as an additional incentive to thecompensation package received by managers. As noted by Chidambaran andPrabhala (2003), stock options have become an integral part of executivecompensation since the beginning of the 1980’s. In fact, in early 2000,unexercised stock options of U.S. executives were deemed to be worth tens ofbillions of dollars.Core and Guay (2001) found that besides top managers, other employees thatare not managers (“non-executive employees”) are also receiving stock options.Yermack (2004) found that even outside Board directors at Fortune 500 firmsreceive options as part of their incentive compensation.Stock option plans provide the participants the right to buy a specific number ofthe firm’s shares at a predetermined price (exercise price) over a certain timeframe, called the vesting period. The typical scenario is that over a three to fiveyear period, the employees gradually acquire the right to exercise a pro-rataamount of the total option award.4
Page 2 and 3: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF CHANGES I
Page 6: Restricted stock grants provide man
Page 9 and 10: December 15, 2002, i.e. for compani
Page 11 and 12: Semerdzhian (2004) found that certa
Page 13 and 14: Sample selection for Empirical test
Page 15 and 16: y changing the selection method to
Page 17 and 18: TABLE 2Number of Equity Compensatio
Page 19 and 20: TABLE 4 (A) Changes to the Equity C
Page 21: awarding stock options to employees
Page 24 and 25: REFERENCESBarron, John M. and Glen
Page 26 and 27: Análisis Comprensivo de la Inciden
Page 29 and 30: pagar el impuesto anualmente, sólo
Page 31 and 32: Ingresos por bebidas alcohólicas 1
Page 33: primarias y secundarias de informac
Page 36 and 37: y una variable continua que denota
Page 38 and 39: -0.015334 0.154764 -0.099081-0.0049
Page 40 and 41: considera , continuando con y final
Page 42 and 43: existen factores con significación
Page 44 and 45: disminuye en 26.9% si el bien inmue
Page 46 and 47: REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICASAaron, H
Page 48 and 49: 7TH Quest Conference for Global Com
Page 50 and 51: Las crisis económicas se presentan
Page 52 and 53: ancos aportaban al sistema (Marcus
Page 54 and 55:
Objetivos de InvestigaciónEl riesg
Page 56 and 57:
MetodologíaPara llevar a cabo las
Page 58 and 59:
Análisis de DatosLa variable depen
Page 60 and 61:
determinar si el riesgo del banco e
Page 62 and 63:
Tabla 5. Medidas estadísticas de r
Page 64 and 65:
La reducción gradual de la proporc
Page 66 and 67:
ResultadosDespués de aplicar las r
Page 68 and 69:
Modelo 1: MCO, usando las observaci
Page 70 and 71:
y VEVI son variables en donde los c
Page 72 and 73:
ConclusionesLos ratios financieros
Page 74 and 75:
Kane, E.J., 1995. “Three Paradigm
Page 76 and 77:
• ABSTRACTReducing emissions of g
Page 78 and 79:
Obtención por la empresadesde la m
Page 80 and 81:
señala que es necesario revisar y
Page 82 and 83:
La secuencia de una inversión en D
Page 84 and 85:
de información públicaElaboració
Page 86 and 87:
EntidadOperacionalDesignadaAnálisi
Page 88 and 89:
d) La necesidad o no de acudir a un
Page 90 and 91:
Una vez calculadas las unidades de
Page 92 and 93:
c) Agilizan la coordinación y comu
Page 94 and 95:
El estudio de la viabilidad legal d
Page 96 and 97:
y análisis de sensibilidad elabora
Page 98 and 99:
casos, los análisis convencionales
Page 100 and 101:
VII. CONCLUSIONESLos proyectos de d
Page 102 and 103:
Coase, R. H. (1960): The Problem of
Page 104 and 105:
IMPACT OF US HACCP REGULATION ON EX
Page 106 and 107:
TABLE OF CONTENTSABSTRACT .........
Page 108 and 109:
1. INTRODUCTIONThere has been a not
Page 110 and 111:
The potential positive impact remai
Page 112 and 113:
where because of their content and
Page 114 and 115:
Figure 1 Effect of Standards on wil
Page 116 and 117:
Where; F ij is the attractive force
Page 118 and 119:
That is, I is a cumulative comparis
Page 120 and 121:
of food businesses and transportati
Page 122 and 123:
2.3 Microbiological CriteriaUS stan
Page 124 and 125:
magnitude and direction of the impa
Page 126 and 127:
Fish Consumption2001). There may al
Page 128 and 129:
have had a negative impact on expor
Page 130 and 131:
Hufbauer, G, Kotschwar, B, & Wilson
Page 132 and 133:
8. APPENDICESAppendix 1- US and EU
Page 134 and 135:
Muscle meat of swordfish 0.1Crustac
Page 136 and 137:
Benchmarking for International Comp
Page 138 and 139:
IntroductionThere is little doubt t
Page 140 and 141:
and, the strategy, structure and ri
Page 142 and 143:
Source: Cho, D-A & Moon, H-C (2006)
Page 144 and 145:
For competitiveness analysis, the I
Page 146 and 147:
anking were drawn exclusively from
Page 148 and 149:
Land area measured in 000’ hectar
Page 150 and 151:
the GDP, increase the export of loc
Page 152 and 153:
Local supplier quantity- Survey Dat
Page 154 and 155:
counterparts. The quality of manage
Page 156 and 157:
Productivity -Manufacturing: % of G
Page 158 and 159:
HDI- ScoreSource: UNDP Human Develo
Page 160 and 161:
Jamaica, unfortunately have had a l
Page 162 and 163:
productivity. The implication for s
Page 164 and 165:
Factores que Influyen en el Consumi
Page 166 and 167:
IntroducciónEn los últimos veinte
Page 168 and 169:
Aunque el impacto positivo de las i
Page 170 and 171:
En la literatura actual relacionada
Page 172 and 173:
ofrece un vivo ejemplo de arraigo a
Page 174 and 175:
Sin embargo, ni en la clasificació
Page 176 and 177:
Análisis de DatosLos resultados de
Page 178 and 179:
En relación a los patrones de cons
Page 180 and 181:
justa a los artistas. Además, poco
Page 182 and 183:
Así, se refuerza que la edad es un
Page 184 and 185:
precio razonable para un disco comp
Page 186 and 187:
ConclusionesLos objetivos de este a
Page 188 and 189:
Matos, N. 2007. La conducta de comp
Page 190 and 191:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRSOBRE LOS AUTORESFÉ
Page 192 and 193:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRINTRODUCCIONImportan
Page 194 and 195:
ESTUDIO CUBA PREl 72.3% de la pobla
Page 196 and 197:
ESTUDIO CUBA PREl puerto más impor
Page 198 and 199:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRTabla 3. Principales
Page 200 and 201:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRplantas generadores
Page 202 and 203:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRLa continua desvalor
Page 204 and 205:
ESTUDIO CUBA PROPORTUNIDADES SECTOR
Page 206 and 207:
ESTUDIO CUBA PR5. Banco Financiero
Page 208 and 209:
ESTUDIO CUBA PR2. Banca hipotecaria
Page 210 and 211:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRLas aplicaciones de
Page 212 and 213:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRtres pisos necesitan
Page 214 and 215:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRIndustria de Aliment
Page 216 and 217:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRcongeladaCamarón en
Page 218 and 219:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRDextrana ND 450,000
Page 220 and 221:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRLa industria se cara
Page 222 and 223:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRLa industria de conf
Page 224 and 225:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRcubanos dominan otro
Page 226 and 227:
ESTUDIO CUBA PR5. Colaboración en
Page 228 and 229:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRreportando 2.3 millo
Page 230 and 231:
ESTUDIO CUBA PR3. Posee 4,347 milla
Page 232 and 233:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRprohibido para ellos
Page 234 and 235:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRTabla 13. Región Or
Page 236 and 237:
ESTUDIO CUBA PREl Oriente cubano pu
Page 238 and 239:
ESTUDIO CUBA PR5. En concreto y bas
Page 240 and 241:
ESTUDIO CUBA PRMinisterio de la Ind
Page 242 and 243:
2PERFIL DEL EGRESADO DE LOS PROGRAM
Page 244 and 245:
4competencias que fundamenten los c
Page 246 and 247:
6Este proyecto, meritorio en muchas
Page 248 and 249:
8profesional sino, más generalment
Page 250 and 251:
10METODOLOGIAInstrumentoEste estudi
Page 252 and 253:
12Factor PrincipalPoco más de la t
Page 254 and 255:
14Este factor resalta la orientaci
Page 256 and 257:
16Las premisas secundarias reflejan
Page 258 and 259:
18problemas concretos y en menor me
Page 260 and 261:
20del total de premisas presentadas
Page 262 and 263:
22Pareceria que de alguna manera vi
Page 264 and 265:
24Conocimiento Concreto, Integridad
Page 266 and 267:
26DISCUSION DE RESULTADOSLos result
Page 268 and 269:
28mención aparte. Las premisas rel
Page 270 and 271:
30de lo que otros estudios habían
Page 272 and 273:
Porter, L. W. & McKibbin, L. E., (1
Page 274 and 275:
AbstractIn any enterprise, it is de
Page 276 and 277:
efore his people could do their bes
Page 278 and 279:
George called Frank into his office
Page 280 and 281:
well liked and respected throughout
Page 282 and 283:
George was devastated, as anyone wo
Page 284 and 285:
since the time she herself had firs
Page 286 and 287:
they would be ready to accept the n
Page 288 and 289:
The others, unfortunately, were not
Page 290 and 291:
adjusting the machine, which skewed
Page 292 and 293:
The workers were handpicked and hig
Page 294 and 295:
To make this run chart into a contr
Page 296 and 297:
In this case, there is a data point
Page 298 and 299:
It should be obvious by now that se
Page 300 and 301:
In real life systems, do we sometim
Page 302 and 303:
The governance of our businesses, s
Page 304 and 305:
Competitive priorities of high and
Page 306 and 307:
Deshmukh, 2001, pp. 884) that manuf
Page 308 and 309:
within the production process helps
Page 310 and 311:
Figure 2: Descriptive statistics of
Page 312 and 313:
Table 2: Division of the sample acc
Page 314 and 315:
Figure 4: Rise and fall in producti
Page 316 and 317:
same is true for middle performers
Page 318 and 319:
Figure 9: The difference in usage o
Page 320 and 321:
performance measures, then one shou
Page 322 and 323:
Flynn, B.B., Flynn, E.J. (2004),
Page 324 and 325:
El Efecto del País de Origen en la
Page 326 and 327:
IntroducciónEl desarrollo de estra
Page 328 and 329:
estructuras que son desarrollados p
Page 330 and 331:
H1: El efecto del país de origen e
Page 332 and 333:
un vinculo patriótico hacia una na
Page 334 and 335:
no patrióticos, los productos extr
Page 336 and 337:
actitudes hacia la guerra. Mientras
Page 338 and 339:
por Internet. La muestra final fue
Page 340 and 341:
los menos etnocentristas, patriotas
Page 342 and 343:
para Puerto Rico (.573), España (.
Page 344:
(2003) quienes señalan que el impa
Page 347 and 348:
de Mooij, M. (2004) Consumer Behavi
Page 349 and 350:
Marin, C.E. & Miquel, S. (1997). Ev
Page 351 and 352:
Tabla 1Promedio en los niveles de E
Page 353 and 354:
Tabla 4Análisis de Correlación de
Page 355 and 356:
Education as strategy for global co
Page 357 and 358:
IntroductionStudies conducted over
Page 359 and 360:
entrepreneurship as any attempt to
Page 361 and 362:
expectation entrepreneurial activit
Page 363 and 364:
ased on their personal experiences
Page 365 and 366:
collection, a decision was made to
Page 367 and 368:
those relevant concepts and to be m
Page 369 and 370:
Table 1: Examples of Opportunities
Page 371 and 372:
and entrepreneurial issues as a key
Page 373 and 374:
the entrepreneurial functions tend
Page 375 and 376:
ReferencesAcs, Z. B. (2009). The Kn
Page 377 and 378:
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Cons
Page 379 and 380:
UNIVERSIDAD DE PUERTO RICORECINTO D
Page 381 and 382:
1. INTRODUCCIÓNLa estandarización
Page 383 and 384:
imponen a las dos partes obligacion
Page 385 and 386:
Para ilustrar las razones de sus du
Page 387 and 388:
A la vista de esta situación y tra
Page 389 and 390:
egistros que genera son comparables
Page 391 and 392:
Por ejemplo, los aseguradores de ri
Page 393 and 394:
La evaluación del impacto ambienta
Page 395 and 396:
A la vista de los datos anteriores,
Page 397 and 398:
Por otra parte del total de proyect
Page 399 and 400:
características de la flora y la f
Page 401 and 402:
Así por ejemplo, según se refleja
Page 403 and 404:
proyectos suponen una disminución
Page 405 and 406:
Direción General de Protección Ci
Page 407 and 408:
Unión Europea 2000 a, Data for sho
Page 409 and 410:
La Competitividad Internacional de
Page 411 and 412:
vertiginosamente. De ahí la pertin
Page 413 and 414:
más económicos va a ser convenien
Page 415 and 416:
Del 1987 al 2002 los datos de expor
Page 417 and 418:
Fuente: Porter, Michael E. (1990) L
Page 419 and 420:
1987 - 2005Fuente: Cómputos de la
Page 421 and 422:
productividad, lo cual requeriría
Page 423 and 424:
Tabla 2: Industrias Competitivas en
Page 426 and 427:
VIII.AnálisisPuerto Rico ha tenido
Page 428 and 429:
En el 1987 existían diversos incen
Page 430 and 431:
Puerto Rico, además, cuenta con ec
Page 432 and 433:
En sectores industriales relacionad
Page 434 and 435:
de esta industria ha sido su perita
Page 436 and 437:
Un socio importante de las industri
Page 438 and 439:
IX.ConclusionesPuerto Rico cada dí
Page 440 and 441:
Consejo de Educación Superior. (ma
Page 442 and 443:
Vega-Rosado, L. L. (2005). “La Co
Page 444 and 445:
Are Domestic and International Food
Page 446 and 447:
usiness f ormat f ranch is in g 3 ,
Page 448 and 449:
T he l iterature review i n cluded
Page 450 and 451:
H 2B: O lder f ranch iso r s ’ (
Page 452 and 453:
f inancial perf ormance repre senta
Page 454 and 455:
d is cussin g choice of Law/Venue.
Page 456 and 457:
poorly in any of our 14 points pre
Page 458 and 459:
s cheme had a total of 1 4 quest io
Page 460 and 461:
V a r i a b l eO p t i o n sN a t i
Page 462 and 463:
O ve ra ll, we a re of the opin ion
Page 464 and 465:
H y p o t h e s i s C h i - S q u a
Page 466 and 467:
ConclusionsA cco rd in g to the r e
Page 468 and 469:
F edera l T ra de C ommission. 2009
Page 470 and 471:
Cultural Impact on Management Style
Page 472 and 473:
Page 474 and 475:
Page 476 and 477:
Page 478 and 479:
Page 480 and 481:
Page 482 and 483:
Page 484 and 485:
Page 486 and 487:
Page 488 and 489:
Page 490 and 491:
Page 492 and 493:
Page 494 and 495:
Page 496 and 497:
Page 498 and 499:
IntroductionCaribbean governments a
Page 500 and 501:
other Caribbean authors, commentato
Page 502 and 503:
while at the same time, enabling th
Page 504 and 505:
invited to reject the EPAs and cont
Page 506 and 507:
CEO of Barbados Private Sector Trad
Page 508 and 509:
Fourth, after obtaining the respons
Page 510 and 511:
process. In that connection, CARICO
Page 512 and 513:
of CARICOM, except Guyana, opted to
Page 514 and 515:
[7] Caribbean Regional Negotiating
Page 516 and 517:
IntroducciónLos negocios internaci
Page 518 and 519:
categorías específicas de ropa y
Page 520 and 521:
miles de millones, sobrepasando las
Page 522 and 523:
Comportamiento de las Exportaciones
Page 524 and 525:
En esta misma tabla se puede notar
Page 526 and 527:
Los países de Centroamérica: Hond
Page 528 and 529:
mexicana de capitalizar éxitos e i
Page 530 and 531:
Las cantidades de países más impo
Page 532 and 533:
Los subcapítulos del cuadro anteri
Page 534 and 535:
Por estas cifras y su alta particip
Page 536 and 537:
de entre los 20 países exportadore
Page 538 and 539:
Blázquez-Lidoy, Jorge, Javier Rodr
Page 540 and 541:
United States International Trade C
Page 542 and 543:
Tabla # 4:RELACIÓN DEL 70% DE SUB
Page 544 and 545:
Keywords: stimulus, incentives, tra
Page 546 and 547:
This study presents the first known
Page 548 and 549:
education groups and is deeper for
Page 550 and 551:
Many factors have contributed to th
Page 552 and 553:
Organizational ecology theory deals
Page 554 and 555:
showed no effect overall. Overall,
Page 556 and 557:
difficulties arose while gathering
Page 558 and 559:
Related to the prerequisite of taki
Page 560 and 561:
attempt is done to measure in real
Page 562 and 563:
ConclusionSection 5. Conclusion and
Page 564 and 565:
Workforce Investment Act (WIA), als
Page 566 and 567:
Birch, D. (1981) “Who Creates Job
Page 568 and 569:
Sharma Ravi Teja, (2010), Happy New
Page 570 and 571:
i) Own _____________ii) Provided un
Page 572 and 573:
EL NEGOCIO DE INTERCAMBIO (BARTER)E
Page 574 and 575:
Quest conference, UPR 3N uestra, a
Page 576 and 577:
Quest conference, UPR 5pája ro s r
Page 578 and 579:
Quest conference, UPR 7D esd e u n
Page 580 and 581:
Quest conference, UPR 9de un m i ll
Page 582 and 583:
Quest conference, UPR 11T abla 2: p
Page 584 and 585:
Quest conference, UPR 13C on la com
Page 586 and 587:
Quest conference, UPR 15ve z sea m
Page 588 and 589:
Quest conference, UPR 17R e fere nc
Page 590 and 591:
La Espiritualidad En El Lugar De Tr
Page 592 and 593:
(Mitroff, 2003). Las personas no s
Page 594 and 595:
individual será orientado hacia un
Page 596 and 597:
las razones adecuadas, aunque esto
Page 598 and 599:
piensa cooperativamente y/o altruis
Page 600 and 601:
información sobre el tipo de organ
Page 602 and 603:
ResultadosA continuación se presen
Page 604 and 605:
Tabla 3 Definición de Espiritualid
Page 606 and 607:
La religión es una expresión de l
Page 608 and 609:
espeto, confidencialidad, compañer
Page 610 and 611:
comunión espiritual con Dios, Papa
Page 612 and 613:
mañanas oramos juntos. Una media h
Page 614 and 615:
Cuando se les preguntó si conocía
Page 616 and 617:
Las opiniones en cuanto a la tolera
Page 618 and 619:
De acuerdo a Mitroff y Denton (1999
Page 620 and 621:
BibliografíaAnonymous. 2001. “HR
Page 622 and 623:
Ortiz González, L. Mayo 2002. “L
Page 624 and 625:
2EL RAZONAMIENTO BIOETICO Y LA ORIE
Page 626 and 627:
4acumulada al momento es contradict
Page 628 and 629:
6de sus artículos. Desde entonces,
Page 630 and 631:
8Todos los principios generales tie
Page 632 and 633:
10grupos de interés de que las emp
Page 634 and 635:
12obligaciones hacia diversos grupo
Page 636 and 637:
14preguntas III a la VI se determin
Page 638 and 639:
16indicativo de que los participant
Page 640 and 641:
18El cuarto factor está compuesto
Page 642 and 643:
20dimensiones económicas, aunque i
Page 644 and 645:
22desacuerdo sugiriendo que los par
Page 646 and 647:
24Tabla 8 - Correlaciones y Coefici
Page 648 and 649:
26Las características más importa
Page 650 and 651:
28le otorgan más importancia a la
Page 652 and 653:
30Tabla 11 - Diferencias debido al
Page 654 and 655:
32prioritariamente al cumplimiento
Page 656 and 657:
34responsables por su sensibilidad
Page 658 and 659:
O'Neill, H. M., C. B. Saunders and
Page 660 and 661:
AbstractCorporate Social Responsibi
Page 662 and 663:
Most of the literature mentions som
Page 664 and 665:
profits. It has become an open syst
Page 666 and 667:
Regarding private sector, independe
Page 668 and 669:
Mexico where evidence was found of
Page 670 and 671:
BrazilThe Latin American giant occu
Page 672 and 673:
Motivations for CSR in BrazilThe Et
Page 674 and 675:
are maintained in Latin America, wh
Page 676 and 677:
among key stakeholders. Firms in se
Page 678 and 679:
ReferencesAaronson, Susan A. & Reev
Page 680 and 681:
Destrezas de Importancia en el Mane
Page 682 and 683:
Porter (1985) describe a la ventaja
Page 684 and 685:
puede concluir, que el sector de la
Page 686 and 687:
H 3oH 4oNo existen diferencias en l
Page 688 and 689:
4- Estilo de comunicación.5- Estab
Page 690 and 691:
Destrezas técnicasDeterminar los o
Page 692 and 693:
Destrezas organizacionales 3.94Esta
Page 694 and 695:
Comparación de destrezasDestrezaMe
Page 696 and 697:
3, se presenta una comparación ent
Page 698 and 699:
Mediana de destrezasDestreza0-4 añ
Page 700 and 701:
Estilo de comunicaciónEstablecimie
Page 702 and 703:
Mediana de destrezasSinDestrezaCon
Page 704 and 705:
Gerencia estratégicaLiderazgo del
Page 706 and 707:
su empresa. Sin embargo, en el caso
Page 708 and 709:
Lastrina, C. (2004). Strategic proj
Page 710 and 711:
2AbstractThe objective of this pape
Page 712 and 713:
42008). All three dimensions - envi
Page 714 and 715:
6Sustainability reporting under pri
Page 716 and 717:
8which social responsibility improv
Page 718 and 719:
10Empirical Data Sources and Data S
Page 720 and 721:
12Besides AGP, there are 15 additio
Page 722 and 723:
14total debt to equity (TDE) - or l
Page 724 and 725:
16The evidence generally suggests t
Page 726 and 727:
18McPeak, C & Tooley, N 2008, „Do
Page 728 and 729:
20Table 2Effect of Adherence to Glo
Page 730 and 731:
Page 732 and 733:
Page 734 and 735:
Page 736 and 737:
28Appendix BFigure 1. Residuals for
Page 738 and 739:
Information Content of Pension Plan
Page 740 and 741:
A severely underfunded pension plan
Page 742 and 743:
The studies mentioned above find co
Page 744 and 745:
proxies seem to have helped explain
Page 746 and 747:
contributions, less benefits paid.
Page 748 and 749:
eturns on different factors, includ
Page 750 and 751:
19801982198419861988199019921994199
Page 752 and 753:
the first portfolio have on average
Page 754 and 755:
Table 3Descriptive StatisticsLong-T
Page 756 and 757:
Table 4Time-Series Regressions Resu
Page 758 and 759:
Table 6Time-Series Regressions Resu
Page 760 and 761:
Table 8Three Factor ModelLong-Term
Page 762 and 763:
most levered firms in portfolio for
Page 764 and 765:
Table 11LTDR Portfolios Characteris
Page 766 and 767:
The results suggest that investors
Page 768 and 769:
Leland , H. E., and Pyle, D. H., (1
Page 770 and 771:
AN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PARADOX:THE
Page 772 and 773:
INTRODUCTIONThis paper analyzes how
Page 774 and 775:
of local agents and explore their r
Page 776 and 777:
networks of agents interacting in s
Page 778 and 779:
Knowledge ecology, and its related
Page 780 and 781:
entities, academic institutions, ve
Page 782 and 783:
Data AnalysisWe collected and analy
Page 784 and 785:
2. Social networks in the biotechno
Page 786 and 787:
Northeast Ohio region.A top officia
Page 788 and 789:
FIGURE 2:Finding 1.3: Networks amon
Page 790 and 791:
FIGURE 3:Finding 2: Social Networks
Page 792 and 793:
FIGURE 4:Finding 2.1: Financial Sup
Page 794 and 795:
Finding 3.2 - Embedded knowledge pr
Page 796 and 797:
development strategy of attracting
Page 798 and 799:
examples of complex exchanges and c
Page 800 and 801:
FIGURE 7:Revised Conceptual ModelRe
Page 802 and 803:
compromised by the effects of time
Page 804 and 805:
Braunerhjelm, P., & Feldman, M. 200
Page 806 and 807:
Huggins, R. 2008. Regional Competit
Page 808 and 809:
Schumpeter, J. 1939. Business cycle
Page 810 and 811:
ABSTRACTThis paper employs gravity
Page 812 and 813:
LIST OF APPENDICESAppendix 1- Resul
Page 814 and 815:
Other factors influencing the incre
Page 816 and 817:
level of protection afforded by the
Page 818 and 819:
In addition to compliance costs, fi
Page 820 and 821:
4. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHThe gravi
Page 822 and 823:
Ln Dist it/jt is the Natural log of
Page 824 and 825:
5. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS5.1 Summary of
Page 826 and 827:
For the US model, the elasticity of
Page 828 and 829:
Fish ConsumptionFish ConsumptionFis
Page 830 and 831:
econometric studies and may be link
Page 832 and 833:
elasticity of demand for F&V is gre
Page 834 and 835:
Bank 2005). However, they face a ga
Page 836 and 837:
April 23, 2007http://muse.jhu.edu/j
Page 838 and 839:
http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/jsie/Annual
Page 840 and 841:
Appendix 2- Results of Estimation F
Page 842 and 843:
2. CODEX General Standard for Food
Page 844 and 845:
Table of ContentsAbstract .........
Page 846 and 847:
IntroductionWe can ask ourselves: W
Page 848 and 849:
Marketing thought has gone through
Page 850 and 851:
companies to re-examine their marke
Page 852 and 853:
Cultural EnvironmentCulture Defined
Page 854 and 855:
Context is the background against w
Page 856 and 857:
Even the though puertorrican art is
Page 858 and 859:
In 2003 The National Arts Marketing
Page 860 and 861:
ConclusionThe marketing orientation
Page 862 and 863:
ReferencesAlexander, R. S. 1962. Ma
Page 865 and 866:
IMPACTO DE FACEBOOK Y OTRAS REDES D
Page 867 and 868:
Impacto de Facebook y otras redes d
Page 869 and 870:
II. ¿Qué son Sitios de Redes de C
Page 871 and 872:
preguntamos, ¿puede un patrono leg
Page 873 and 874:
(Enmienda a la Ley 100)ser victima
Page 875 and 876:
contactos con el estado: otorgamien
Page 877 and 878:
“If a social networking site is u
Page 879 and 880:
abogados de ambos bandos posicionan
Page 881 and 882:
humanos. 29 Estando involucrada una
Page 883 and 884:
empleado en el portal cibernético,
show all

Abstract - Quest for Global Competitiveness - Universidad de Puerto ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?