19.02.2013 Views

Issue 121 - Documentation Center of Cambodia

Issue 121 - Documentation Center of Cambodia

Issue 121 - Documentation Center of Cambodia

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

TsSnavdþIénmCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


TsSnavdþIénmCÄmNÐlÉksarkm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>1<br />

�xYbelIkTI10 énTsSnavdþIEsVgrkkarBit>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>3<br />

EpñkÉksar<br />

�bdivtþin_nigskmμPaBk,t;rbs; ekAlI fughYt ehA eFOn>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>5<br />

�GñkRKÚ mMu em:t ³ beRgónRbvtþisa®sþkm>>>>>>>>>>>14<br />

�GñkRKÚ Ebn nag ³ beRgónRbvtþisa®sþkm>>>>>>>>21<br />

EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

�Gwm m:g; GtItRKÚbeRgónrbs;GñkniBn§esovePA>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>24<br />

�j:úk Buy ³ rkeXIjb¥ÚnRbúsenAmnÞIrs-21>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>26<br />

�karrkeXIjsnþiPaBenAmNÐlekμgkMRBa vtþGUreBat>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>29<br />

�EsVgyl;GMBIeKhTMB½rXøaMemIlkarvivDÆrbs;GgÁCMnuMCRmH >>>>>>>>>>>32<br />

Epñkc,ab;<br />

�karTTYl)annUvyutþiFm’ nigkarpSHpSaCati >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>34<br />

evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

�Duc minGacbMpøajmnusSCati)aneT>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>41<br />

�kMhusrbs;emFavIkarBarkþI>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>50<br />

TMB½rRsavRCavrkRKÜsar<br />

�CIvit«Bukmþay´kñúgrbb b:ul Bt>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>59<br />

GñkPUmieFVIdMeNIrRtLb;mklMenAzan qñaM1979<br />

EsVgrkkarBit<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

GñkPUmieFVIdMeNIrRtLb;mklMenAzan qñaM1979<br />

rkSasiT§ i<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-sMbuRt<br />

enAkñúgrbbkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-sMbuRt<br />

EsVgrkyutþiFm’dl;RbCaCnkm


EsVgrkkarBit-sMbuRt<br />

qñaM2010enH KWCaxYbKRmb;elIkTIdb;énTsSnavdþI<br />

EsVgrkkarBitrbs;mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-sMbuRt<br />

km


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

ekAlI fughYt ehA eFOn Gayu30qñaM RtÚv)ancab;xøÜn<br />

nigsYrcemøIyenAkñúgmnÞIrs-21 EdlsßiteRkamkarRKb;<br />

RKgrbs;bgéføxøÜneQμaH Duc. enAkñúgsvnakarsaladMbUg<br />

Duc )anGHGagfa «b¥ÚnéføeQμaH eFOn EdlCasmaCikRkúm<br />

KUrEpnTIenAmnÞIrs-21 RtÚv)ancab;xøÜn edaysarEterOg<br />

xUcxilCamYyRsIjI ».<br />

eyagtamÉksarcemøIysarPaBrbs; ekAlI fughYt<br />

EdleFVIcMnYnBIrelIk 1¦ enAkñúgÉksarelx J00036 cuH<br />

kalbriecäTéfTI8 ExkBaØa qñaM1977 ¬EdlRbEhlCa<br />

sresredaysamIxøÜnpÞal; ekAlI fughYt¦ dak;fa RbvtþirUb<br />

segçbnigeFVIenAkMBg;FM nig2¦ enAkñúgÉksarelxD00036<br />

cuHkalbriecäTéfTI14 ExsIha qñaM1978 Edlsresrfa<br />

RbvtþinigskmμPaBk,t;rbs;´ edaymansmmitþ Nan CaGñk<br />

sYrcemøIyenAmnÞIrs-21.<br />

cemø IysarPaBelIkTImYy³ Éksar J00036 eFV IenAkMBg;FM<br />

´eQμaH lI fug ekItenAPUmiGg;XøaM sgáat; ¬XMu¦RbLay<br />

RsukesÞag extþkMBg;FM. ´man«BukeQμaH huk lI nigmþay<br />

eQμaH erOn RbkbmuxrbreFVIERs niglk;nMbBa©úk. enAeBl´<br />

Gayu)an5qñaM mþay´)ansøab;. ´rs;enACamYy«Buk nig<br />

b¥ÚnRsIbegáItBIrnak; eQμaH KIm ¬eQμaHbdivtþn_ sIum¦ nigmñak;<br />

eToteQμaH esom.<br />

enAqñaM1956 enAeBl´Gayu7qñaM ´)ancUleronenA<br />

salabzmsikSakñúgPUmi edaymanb¥ÚnRsI²nig«BukErknM<br />

bBa©úklk;edIm,IsnSMR)ak;mk[´eron.<br />

enAqñaM1962-66 ´eronfñak;TI3 enAGnuviTüal½y<br />

esÞag EdlmancmaypøÚvRbmaN12KILÚEm:RtBIpÞH. rhUt<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

Rbvtþi nigskmμPaBk,t;rbs; ekAlI fughYt ehA eFOn<br />

¬b¥Únéførbs; Duc¦ ³ smaCikRkúmKUrEpnTI<br />

cab;xøÜnenAmnÞIrs-21<br />

dl;qñaM1967 ´cUleronbnþenAfñak;TI2 enAextþkMBg;FM<br />

edaysñak;enAcmáarrbs;tMNagra®sþeQμaH eNGug QMu nig<br />

CYyeRsacTwkedImdUg nigedImsVay. enAeBlenaH RKÜsar<br />

´)anx©IR)ak;efAEkma:sIunkinRsUveQμaH Tn; enAEk,rpÞHcMnYn<br />

CitbImWunerol edIm,Ibg;éføsala nigTijsmÖar³sikSa.<br />

enAqñaM1967 ´seRmccitþRbLgcUleFVIRKÚenAsala<br />

kMBg;knÞÜt eRBaHrdæpþl;R)ak;Exnig)ay[hUb. enATIenaH Gñk<br />

RKÚ NUrI EdlCakUnGñkmanenAextþkMBg;cam)anCYypÁt;pÁg;<br />

semøókbMBak; nigR)ak;rhUteFVI[´)ak;citþRsLaj;Kat;.<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

enAqñaM1968 ´)anRbLgbBa©b; rYck¾ecjeTAbeRgón<br />

enARsukkMeNIt edIm,IsnSMR)ak;sgbMNuleK. cab;taMgBI<br />

eBlenaHmk ´k¾)anEbkBI NUrI rYcseRmccitþtamcas;²<br />

erobkarCamYyRbBn§eQμaH Kwm h‘an eQμaHbdivtþ ¬lIm¦<br />

b¥ÚnRsIrbs; Duc. bnÞab;BIerobkarrYc ´)ansnSMR)ak;Tij<br />

)anm:UtUhugdaesGil90mYyeRKÓg.<br />

enAExmIna qñaM1971 edayeXIjmaKa’bkSdwknaMRtwmRtÚv<br />

´nigRbBn§)anseRmccitþcUlCYrbdivtþn_. edaysarRbBn§<br />

rbs;´manTmn; ´k¾cUleFVIbdivtþn_munedaymaneQμaH eLIg<br />

CaGñkTTYlsÁal;enAsgáat;saRKamkñúgRsukesÞag.<br />

enAéfTI1 Ex]sPa qñaM1971 ´)ancUlsm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

cemøIysarPaBelIkTIBIr³ Éksar D00036 eFV IenAmnÞ Ir<br />

s-21<br />

´man«BukeQμaH ekA lI Gayu67qñaM sBVéfrs;enA<br />

PUmiGg;XøaMg XMuRbLay RsukesÞag extþkMBg;FM nig mþay<br />

eQμaH h‘un erOn ¬søab;¦.<br />

´manbgb¥ÚnRsIbegáItBIrnak; KWeQμaH Kwm bþIeQμaH<br />

mas RtÚvGgÁkarcab;xøÜnenA ¬qñaM1977¦ nigeQμaH sIum<br />

manbþIeQμaH BMu.<br />

´eronenAsala Kwm hYn BIfñak;TI7 dl;fñak;TI12<br />

ehIyenAqñaM1962 ´bnþeronBIfñak; TI6 dl;TI3 enAGnuviTüa<br />

l½yesÞag.<br />

enAqñaM1967 ´cUleronenAfñak;TI2 enAviTüal½ykMBg;FM<br />

ehIyenAcugqñaMdEdlenaH´)anRbLgCab;cUlsalac,ab;<br />

kMBg;knÞÜt rhUtdl;Bak;kNþalqñaM1968 ´)anRsLaj;Gñk<br />

RKÚmñak;eQμaH NUrI nig)anxUcsIlFm’lYclak;cMnYn5dg.<br />

enAedImEx5 qñaM1968 eQμaH eTog éNeCok eron<br />

enAsalaCamYyKña)anGb;rM´[RsLaj;elakesrI eday<br />

elIkeLIgfa elakesrImnusSGaceFVIGVItamcitþ taMgBIkar<br />

hUbcuk cMENkrbbkumμúynIsþeXIjEtlM)akyUr²eTAsIuEt<br />

GgárkMb:ug.<br />

mYyéfeRkaymk eBlGgÁúyelgCMuKña TI suKn§ ¬cugqñaM<br />

1968 ecjeTAextþtaEkv¦ Rbkasfa éfenHCaéfcat;taMg<br />

RKÚ fugh‘Yt CasmaCikesGIuGa dUecñH´]eTÞsnamRKÚ fugh‘Yt<br />

CUn eTog éNeCok edIm,IRbkascat;taMgnigTTYlsÁal;Ca<br />

pøÚvkar. eBlenaH eTog éNeCok )anRbKl;Parkic©[´<br />

esIubBinitürkmuxGñk)acRtak;kñúgsalakñúgfñak;eron nig)an<br />

]eTÞsnamExSesGIuGaenAkñúgfñak;rbs;Kat;maneQμaH h‘an<br />

qy/ Ekv sUsak;/ gUv TalI/ GIu em:gh‘uy/ lI eLAG‘un nig<br />

kUy ev:NUrI [´sÁal;eTotpg.<br />

enAedImExkBaØa qñaM1968 muneBlRbLgbBa©b;vKÁenA<br />

salamYyéf ´)aneXIjeQμaH´RtÚveTAeFVIkarenAextþ<br />

kMBg;FM. enARBwkéfbnÞab; TI suKn§ )anehA´[eTACYb éN<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

eCok rYcENnaMfa ´ nig kUy ev:NUrI eTAdl;kEnøgeFVIkarRtÚv<br />

Tak;TgCamYyRKÚeQμaH can;bUr enAPUmibwg XMubwg Rsuk<br />

)aray¬bc©úb,nñextþkMBg;FM¦ extþkMBg;cam edIm,Itamdan nig<br />

kemÞcEpnkarrbs;ExμrRkhmenAkñúgsala.<br />

enAcugqñaM1968 ´beRgónenAsala Kwm hYn rhUt<br />

dl;Exmkra qñaM1969 ´)anCYbRKÚ can; enAPUmibwg ehIyenA<br />

eBlenaHKat;sYr´famanb:unμannak;? ´R)ab;Kat;fa manEt<br />

mñak;Ég eRBaHRKÚ ev:NUrI eTAbeRgónenARsukRkÚcqμar ehIy<br />

\LÚveTAenAEkb extþkMBtvij. bnÞab;mk RKÚ can; bUr<br />

k¾]eTÞsnam´[sÁal;RKÚBInak;eTotKW gun nig yiun em:gehOg<br />

rYcENnaMfa ebIsPaBkarN_enAesÞagmintwgEtgeT elakRKÚ<br />

RtÚvksagkmøaMgesGIuGabEnßmeTot.<br />

bnÞab;mk ´)anksagkmøaMgsisS nigRKÚbRgón)an<br />

cMnYn6nak;KW s‘g s‘amh‘t/ hug em:gfug/ év evOn/ biul hwk/<br />

Lay h‘t nig eFOg han. eRkABIenaH´ksagkmøaMg<br />

esGIuGabgáb;enAkñúgcMeNamRbCaCn)ancMnYn4nak;eTotKW<br />

emOn/ nwg/ epg nig xan;.<br />

enABak;kNþalqñaM1969 RKÚ can;bUr )anCYb´enApÞH<br />

bgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYyrbs;Kat;eQμaH tg enAPUmiCIeyak XMukMBg;<br />

cinxagt,Úg RsukesÞag. bnÞab;mk Kat;Gb;rM´fa \LÚvskmμPaB<br />

ExμrRkhmenAesÞagsat;ehIy Pñak;garesGIuGarbs;eyIg<br />

k¾kþab;GVImin)an dUecñHedIm,Ikþab;sPaBkarN_[)an elakRKÚ<br />

RtÚveTAbgáb;xøÜnenAkñúgRKÜsarbdivtþn_mYy ¬RKÜsar Duc¦ eRBaH<br />

RKÜsarenHTaMgekμgTaMgcas; sUm,IEtraCkarmkh‘umB½T§pÞH<br />

BIr-bIdg k¾minEdlykÉksarGVI)anEdr. ´)ansYrfa<br />

etIcUleTAbgáb;ya:gem:c? RKÚ can; bUr fagayRsYleT [<br />

EtelakRKÚyl;RBm eRBaHtambg tg R)ab;´fa RKÜsar<br />

bdivtþn_enHmanenAsl;kUnRkmMumñak;eTot ehIyeyIg[bg<br />

tg cUleTATak;TgeKsin ÉbBaðaluykak; caM´[bg tg CYy<br />

ecj eBlenaH´k¾yl;RBm.<br />

cab;BIeBl´erobkar rs;enAkñúgRKÜsarbdivtþn_ ´min<br />

Gackþab;sPaBkarN_)aneT. ´cab;epþImGukLúkedayyk<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

R)ak;Kat;eTAcayvayx¢Hx¢aykñúgeKalbMNg[RKÜsarenH<br />

rs;enAlM)aketaky:ak. cMeBaHRbBn§ ´rkerOgsþIbenÞas<br />

ral;éfedayeRbIBaküsmþInigGakb,kiriyaemIlgayemIl<br />

efak«Bukmþayekμk nigbgb¥ÚnCaRbcaMedayGagxøÜnman<br />

R)ak;Excay.<br />

enAExmifuna qñaM1970 can; bUr )anmkCYb´ ehIyR)ab;<br />

fakmøaMgesGIuGar)a:t;r)a:y ehIy em:g ehOg nig gun eKc<br />

xøÜneTAPñMeBjGs;ehIy. rhUtdl;Ex10 can; bUr k¾eKcxøÜn<br />

eTAPñMeBjeTot.<br />

enAExmkra qñaM1971 ´)aneTAkEnøgbg Rs‘un elxa<br />

RsukesÞag sMucUlbdivtþn_edIm,I bgáb;xøÜn. bg Rs‘un )an<br />

sYr´faelakRKÚcg;)anR)ak;ExeToteT? b:uEnþ´min)aneqøIy<br />

tbvijeT eRBaHsμanKat;niyayelg. rhUtdl;cugEx1 bg<br />

Rs‘un )ansYrmþgeTot ´k¾eqøIyfacg; ehIyKat;k¾Gb;rMfa elak<br />

RKÚRtÚvRCHRsLHBIRKÜsarmkeFVIkarCamYy´eRBaHParkic©<br />

sMxan;rbs;´ KWesGIuGabgáb;nigmanExSry³cab;BIPUmiPaK<br />

KWbg XYn rhUtdl;tMbn;KWbg eDOn. eRkaymk Rs‘un )an<br />

cat;taMg´[eTARKb;RKgenAXMusaRKamnig]eTÞsnamkmøaMg<br />

esGIuGaTaMgGs;enAkñúgRsukesÞagmaneQμaH eLIg Gnuelxa<br />

RsukesÞag nigkmμaPi)alRKb;RKgXMucMnYn25nak;eTot.<br />

enAExkumÖ³ qñaM1971 ´)ancUlrYmRbCMuenAmnÞIrrbs;bg<br />

Rs‘un EdlsßitenAPUmikMBg;kþI XMukMBg;cint,Úg edaymanGñk<br />

cUlrYmTaMgGs;cMnYn15nak; ehIybg Rs‘un )anelIkEpnkar<br />

fa kmøaMgesGIuGaRtÚvedIrniyaybMpusR)ab;RbCaCnfa<br />

bnþiceTotGñkmanRTBüsm,tþiGgÁkarRbmUlykeTAdak;rYm<br />

ehIyGñkraCkarRtÚvcab;kemÞc. mYyGaTitüeRkay ´bMpus<br />

RKÚbeRgónbYnnak; nigCagmasmYyRKÜsar[rt;cUlPñMeBj.<br />

enAExmIna qñaM1971 bgRs‘un )ansYrfa«Bukmþayekμk<br />

bgb¥ÚnnigRKÜsarrbs; ¬elakRKÚ´¦ yl;ya:gem:cEdr eBl<br />

elakRKÚcUlbdivtþn_? ´)anR)ab;Kat;fa RKÜsarCMTas;Edr<br />

eRBaHeXIjkarGnuvtþrbs;eyIgCYnkalFUrrlughYs CYnkal<br />

xøaMghYs ehIyKat;sgS½yCab;. bnÞab;mk Rs‘un )anENnaM<br />

fa bBaðaRKÜsarcaMeyIgsgát;Kat;[Cab; kMu[eFVIskmμPaB<br />

ehIyKat;k¾pþaM[bnþclnaRbCaCn[rt;eTAPñMeBjbnþeTot<br />

cMENkKat; nigbg eDOn RtÚveTAkMBg;sVayvij dUecñHkargar<br />

smat;RtÚvTak;TgCamYyKñaeLIgvij.<br />

enAExemsa qñaM1971 bg eLIg )anmkRbCMusmat;enA<br />

mnÞIrsaRKam EdlmansmaCikTaMgGs;8nak;cUlrYm. eRkay<br />

BI]eTÞsnam ´TTYlRKb;RKgkargarcMhtamrUbPaBbdivtþn_<br />

nigkmøaMgesGIuGaenAkñúgXMurYcmk bg eLIg )andak;Epnkarfa<br />

qaMg yu niyayCamYyb¥ ÚnRsI Duc<br />

RtÚvdwknaMRbCaCaCneFVIkargarTaMgyb;TaMgéfeFVIya:gNa[<br />

RbCaCnlM)aknigGs;CMenOelIGgÁkar. enArdUvdksÞÚg<br />

´)anksagkmøaMgyuvCncUlesGIuGa)ancMnYn7nak;Efm<br />

eTot edaymanbg eLIg CaGñk]eTÞsnam.<br />

enAExvicäika qñaM1971 bg eLIg )an[´ehAPñak;gar<br />

esGIuGaTaMgGs;rYmman h‘ak/ s‘uk/ nr/ min/ sÁún/ Qn/ Fr/<br />

rIk/ rMu/ Fwg/ FYn/ Fi nig h‘an mkRbCMu. enAxN³enaH bg eLIg<br />

8 mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

)anelIkBIEpnkarlYcdutRsUvERs RsUvCRgúk nigdkkmμaPi)al<br />

EdlmanTMnas;CamYyRbCaCn rYcbBa©ÚlkmøaMgesGIuGavij.<br />

bnÞab;mk ´Gb;rMnigksagkmøaMgesGIuGabgáb;kñúgrdæGMNac<br />

RbCaCn)an7nak;eTot. rhUtdl;ExkumÖ³ qñaM1972 bg<br />

eLIg )andk´BIXMu saRKam [eTARKb;RKgenAPUmiBBkvij nig<br />

)an]eTÞsnamkmøaMgesGIuGaenAkñúgXMudUcCa Cn/ Nn/ ePøóv/<br />

Din/ Fwg nig swub [´Tak;Tg nig)anENnaM[bnþGnuvtþ<br />

EpnkaredIm,Ivay rMlMbdivtþn_.<br />

enAExkumÖ³ qñaM1972 ´)anRbmUl<br />

kmøaMgesGIuGa6nak; eTARbCMuelIpÞHbg swub<br />

enAPUmisMbYr bnÞab;mk ´cat;taMg Cn Nn<br />

nigePøóveTAlYcdutCRgúkRsUvenAPUmiGnøg;<br />

Rkaj; nigPUmiBBk cMENkbg swub nigbg<br />

Fwg TTYlBinitüsmaKmlk;dUr.<br />

enAEx]sPa qñaM1972 ´)anksag<br />

kmøaMgbgáb;kñúgCYrbdivtþn_)ancMnYn3nak;<br />

eTotKW Lay kmμaPi)alXMudUg rug eyaFa<br />

tMbn;43 nig PI CaRbFanXMuBBk. ´cat;<br />

taMg[mitþ PI dwknaMeFVIskmμPaBTb;Tl;<br />

CamYyclnasmaKmPUmi. mitþ Lay<br />

dutRsUvenAPUmiBBk nigGnøg;Rkaj; ehIy<br />

mitþ r:ug eFVIskmμPaBbMpøajpldMNaMenA<br />

PUmikn§an.<br />

enAExvicäika qñaM1972 bg eLIg )ancat;<br />

taMg´[eTARKb;RKgkgplitERsR)aMg<br />

rYc)anENnaMfa mitþeTATIenaHmYyry³xøIeT b:uEnþsMxan;mitþRtÚv<br />

mkeFVIkarenAesÞag edIm,IbeBa©jes,ógeTAPñMeBj. enAEx<br />

10 qñaMdEdl bg eLIg )andk´mkRKb;RKgGaNiikCnenA<br />

esÞagvij nig)anehA´eTARbCMuenAmnÞIrPUmietñatEdlman<br />

smaCikcUlrYmmaneQμaH yin/ h‘n/ hn/ Qan/ sy/ ml/<br />

sg nig Bar. RbCMucb; bg eLIg )andak;EpnkarrMedaHes,óg<br />

BItMbn;rMedaHcUlPñMeBj eBaF×sat; kMBg;qñaMg nig)anRbKl;<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

Parkic©[´edIrrkQμÜjedIm,Idwkes,ógTaMgenHecj. rMlg<br />

)anmYyGaTitü ´rk)anQμÜj)an5nak; KW yg;/ han/ Lúg/<br />

ck; nig laK ehIy´)anGb;rMfa RtÚvykGgár RtI sac;eTAxøH<br />

cMENk GMbil fñaMeBTü nigRkNat; kMuykeTAeRcIneBk rYc´k¾<br />

yksMbuRteFVIdMeNIreTA[QμÜjTaMgenaH.<br />

enAedImqñaM1973 bg eLIg )andk´mkeFVICaGnusnþisux<br />

RsukesÞag Edlmanbg yin RbFan nig mitþ ehOn Ca<br />

smaCik. bnÞab;mk bg eLIg )anRbCMusmat;mYyedayman<br />

smaCikcUlrYmdUcCa yin/ h‘n/ hn/ Bin/ swub/ Ca ¬narI¦/<br />

Fn/ ml/ sg/ Qan/ ehOn nig´. enAeBlenaH bg<br />

eLIg)andak;EpnkarenAExxagmux eyIgebIkpøÚv[EpñkTahan<br />

kMBg;FMecjmkdwkCBa¢Únes,óg nignaMRbCaCncUlPñMeBj<br />

dUecñHkmøaMgeyaFaRsukRtÚvdkeTAeRtómenAmat;TenøBam)ag<br />

TaMgGs;edIm,IeCosvagkarb:HTgÁic cMENkxagsnþisuxRtÚv<br />

cUlrYmkñúgkarCemøósEdr. enAeBlTahancUlmkyk<br />

es,óg nignaMRbCaCnecjGs;ehIy eyIgeFVICanaMkmøaMg<br />

RsukedjBIeRkayedIm,IbiT)aMgEpnkareyIgkñúgkarCemøós<br />

RbCaCnecj.<br />

enAExkumÖ³ qñaM1973 enAeBlTahancUlCitdl;esÞag<br />

´)anTak;Tgmitþ sg/ ml/ h‘n/ swub nigsg [Cemøós<br />

RbCaCnecj edaymin)ac;[ykRsUvGgáreTACamYyeT<br />

cMENk´eFVICacat;taMgyuT§CnsnþisuxnigQøb[eTAeRtomenA<br />

vtþRBHnagvij. enAry³eBlmYyyb;mYyéf Tahan)an<br />

RbmUlykRsUvGgár nigdwknaMRbCaCncMnYn500RKÜsarcUl<br />

eTAkñúgextþkMBg;FM. eRkaysPaBkarN_enH bg eLIg<br />

)ancat;taMg´[eTARKb;RKgExSeRtómkarBarRsukEdlh‘um<br />

B½T§XMucMNarlic sMeRBac kMBg;cint,Úg nigmSaRkg edIm,IkMu[<br />

RbCaCnrt;ecjeTAtambgb¥ÚnEm:« nigkMu[TahaneLIgqμk;<br />

ykRbCaCneTot. b:uEnþenAExSeRtómenH ´beNþay[<br />

Tahanqμk;cUlmkykRbCaCnGs;RbEhl25RKÜsarEfm<br />

eTot nig)anxUcsIlFm’CamYynarIcMnYn7nak;EdlQøbcab;<br />

ykmkRbKl;[´rYcehIy´lYcedaHElg[rt;eTAkMBg;FM<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

CamYy«Bukmþayvij.<br />

yb;TaMgéf ehIyTTYl)anrbbGaharmYyéfEtmYykMb:ug<br />

enAExmifuna qñaM1973 ´)anGb;rMkmøaMgesGIuGaCayuT§Cn b:ueNÑaHsRmab;mnusS5nak;. b¥ÚntUcrbs;´mñak;RtÚvcat;<br />

enAmnÞIrsnþisux)ancMnYn7nak; eTot man twg/ Bn/ Can/ taMg[eTAkab;cmáarkñúgéRBEdlCakEnøgRKúncaj;kñúgXMuBBk<br />

eCk/ ép/ qan; nignIr EdledIrcl½tenAExSeRtóm. rhUt b¥ÚnRsImñak;eTotdkecjBIRsuk cMENk«Bukmþayekμkrbs;´<br />

dl;cugqñaM1973 bg eLIg )anRbCMudak;EpnkarbMpøaj EtgEtrG‘UrBIerOgeFVIkarFn;RTaMmin)an ehIyEfmTaMgman<br />

smUhPaBenAsalaPUmisMerag XMudUg edaymansmaCikTaMg QøbcUlykkarN_ral;yb;eTot.<br />

Gs;23nak;cUlrYm ehIyeRkayBIRbCMucb; bgeLIg [´dk enAExmifuna qñaM1974 edaysPaBkarN_TahanQøb<br />

ExSeRtómecj rYceTAerobcMPUmisRmab;dak;RbCaCnCemøós sb;sat; ´)andkkmøaMgecjBIExSeRtóm rYccat;taMg[cuH<br />

mkenAXMudUg XMuRkya XMubnÞayesÞag nigXMuBBkvij. eFVIkartamPUmiCemøósvij ehIy´k¾cuHeTAPUmidUgedIm,IdwknaM<br />

enAExkumÖ³ qñaM1974 edayTahanecHEtqμk;cUlkñúg kmøaMgRbCaCndaMdMLÚgmI dMLÚvCVarYmKña b:uEnþenAeBldMLÚg<br />

Rsuk bg eLIg )andkkmøaMg´TaMgGs;mkerobcMkmøaMgeRtóm duHl¥ehIy ´)anlYyElgeKa[sIuGs;mYyhikta nigkab;<br />

dUcmun ehIy´k¾ebIkExSeRtom[TahancUlmkykRbCaCn eCIgeKaGs;BIrnwm. enAkñúgcMeNamRbCaCnCemøósTaMgenH<br />

)anBIrRKÜsareTot edayRKan;EtnaMQøb)aj;beg¥Ilb:ueNÑaH. ´)anksagkmøaMgcUlCaesGIuGa5nak;KW Fun/ FU/ rwn/ RTI nig<br />

rhUtdl;Bak;kNþalqñaM1974 bg eLIg )anehA´eTAsYr Kan bnÞab;mk´cat;taMg[edIrniyaybMpusTMnas;CamYymaKa’<br />

BIerOgRKÜsareTot ehIy´)anR)ab;fa RKÜsar´ b¥ÚnRsI bdivtþn_ EdleFVI)abRbCaCnmkdak;kñúgéRB Gt;[)aysIu<br />

bgRsI «Buk-mþayekμk minyl;RsbnwgmaKa’dwknaMrbs; nigRKúncaj; søab;CabnþbnÞab;.<br />

eyIgsBVéfeT ehIyBYkKat;enAEtsgS½yCab;fa eyIgmin enAcugqñaM1974 bg Rs‘un RtLb;mkTTYlRsukesÞag<br />

EmnCaGñkbdivtþn_RtwmRtÚveT eRBaHKat;EtgEtniyayfa ebI kñúgnaTICaelxaRsuk bnÞab;mk´k¾)ancUlrYmRbCMuenAmnÞIr<br />

bdivtþn_RtwmRtÚv minEdleFVIkarxøaMg kan;EtGt;)ayxøaMgya:g PUmiekaHEdlmansmaCikTaMgGs;12nak;. enAeBlRbCMu<br />

enHeT. ´niyaycb; bg eLIg elIkeLIgBIviFankarbMEbkkUn Kat;dak;EpnkarEckrbbGgármYykMb:ugsRmab;mnusSBI15ecA«Bukmþayekμk´[enAqayBIKña<br />

edIm,IkMu[kþab;sPaBkarN_ 21 ehIyRtÚveFVIkargarTaMgyb;TaMgéfeTot nigRtÚvbeBa©j<br />

eyIg)an. eyIgykKat;eTAdak;enAkEnøglM)akxøaMg nig[ RsUvGgáreTAxageRkA. bnÞab;mk bgRs‘un )anENnaMfa xag<br />

Kat;)at;\T§iBlmYykRmitkñúgcMeNamRbCaCn yUr²eTA snþisuxRtÚvRbmUlkmøaMgmkedIrcl½tBinitüsPaBkarN_tam<br />

QaneTArkPaBÉeka ehIymhaCnkñúgCYrbdivtþn_vaytémø XMu ehIyTb;Tl;kMu[man)atukmμ eRBaHTMnas;RbCaCnCamYy<br />

fa RKÜsarenHExμrRkhmEtsMbkeT dl;eBleFVIbdivtþn_rkEt nwgkardwknaMrbs;eyIgkan;EtxøaMgeLIgehIy.<br />

kUnmñak;mkbeRbIkargarbdivtþn_[smrmümin)an. xN³enaH rhUtdl;cugEx12 qñaM1974 bg Rs‘un )anehA´<br />

bg eLIg ENnaM[mUldæancat;taMgnigKabsgát;kMu[Kat; bgeLIg nigbg swub eTApÞHrbs;Kat;enAPUmiekaH ehIyKat;<br />

niyayepþspþas)an ehIycat;taMg[eTAeFVIkarenAkEnøg dak;Epnkarfa mitþTaMgbIRtÚvrYmkmøaMgKñaeTATmøayTMnb; bgðÚr<br />

epSg² ehIykmøaMgekμg²eTIbpþl;rbb[hUb ebImineTA TwkecaledIm,IkMuRbCaCnykTwkeFVIERs)an nigeFVI[RbCaCn<br />

eFVIkarmYyeBlRtÚvkat;rbbmYyeBl. Gs;CMenOelIkarCIkRbLayteTAeTot. enAyb;mYykñúgBak;<br />

ry³eBlknø³ExeRkaymk bg eLIg )andkRKÜsar´ kNþalEx1 qñaM1975 eyIg)anRbmUlkmøaMg)ancMnYn21<br />

eTAenAkEnøglt;dMmYyenAtaeRkól EdlRtÚveFVIkargarTaMg nak;eTACYbCMuenAelIxñgTMnb; CIkTmøay rYcehIyRtLb;mkkEnøg<br />

10 mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

erog²xøÜnvij.<br />

eRkayéfrMedaHenATUTaMgRbeTs enAcugExemsa qñaM1975<br />

bg Rs‘un )anRbCMuBiessmYykñúgKN³kmμaFikarRsukenAelI<br />

pÞHrbs;Kat;man ´/ eLIg/ exg/ hn/ h‘n nigBin cUlrYm.<br />

bg Rs‘un )anENnaMfa enHCasPaBkarN_fμIEdlbkSkumμúynIsþ<br />

kan;kab;GMNacTaMgRsug dUecñHkmμaPi)alyuT§CnEdlman<br />

RbvtþirUbl¥ ehIyRbCaCnRsLaj;GacenAbgáb;kñúgCYrbdivtþn_<br />

cMENkGñkEdlb:HBal;dl;RbCaCnRtÚvdk[eTAeFVIkarbgáb;<br />

enAshkrN_vij. niyaycb; bg Rs‘un ENnaM´[dkkmøaMg<br />

RbCaCnCemøósenAXMudUg XMuRkya XMubnÞayesÞag nigXMu<br />

BBk [mkrs;enAkñúgPUmiXMurbs;eKvij.<br />

enAExmifuna qñaM1975 bg Rs‘un )anehA´eTAsYrBI<br />

skmμPaB«Bukmþayekμkrbs;´mþgeTot. ´)anR)ab;Kat;fa<br />

munrMedaHk¾dUcCaeRkayrMedaHEdr Kat;minÉkPaBelIkardwknaM<br />

rbs;eyIgeT eRBaHKat;Etgniyayfa dwknaMeXIjEtGnþray<br />

RbCaCneXIjEtlM)akeLIg². enAeBlenaH bgRs‘un<br />

ENnaMfa \LÚvbeNþay[Kat;niyayeTotmin)aneT caM´<br />

Tak;Tgnigcat;Ecg[bg vun bc©úb,nñRbFanXMuRkya erobcM<br />

QøbeFVIkarGukLúkKat; ehIy´k¾yl;RsbtamEpnkarKat;.<br />

Qøb)antamdanenAeRkampÞH«Bukmþayekμkrbs;´ cUlEqk<br />

eqelIpÞH dkexaGav fñaMeBTübnþicbnþÜcEdlKat;TukBüa)alxøÜn<br />

edayelIkeLIgfa TukCUnsmUhPaB nig)ancab; xøÜnmþayekμk<br />

ykmkGb;rMBIerOgKat;ykGgárknøHkMb:ugdak;kñúgehae):AGav<br />

RbugbbrhUbenAkardæan edayykelsfa esrIcg;hUbÉkCn<br />

ehIy)ancat;taMgKat;[eFVIkargardUckmøaMgekμg². enAeBl<br />

enaH ´k¾)ansresrsMbuRttiHedolKat;CaeRcInBIbBaðaEdl<br />

Kat;minsUvKitKUrrUb´ cMENkRKÜsar´CYbeBlNak¾´rkerOg<br />

sþIbenÞasEdr.<br />

edImExkkáda qñaM1975 bg Rs‘un dk´[eTAeFVIkarenA<br />

mnÞIrsnþisuxkMBg;FM ehIyKat;)anENnaM´fa kmøaMgsl;kñúg<br />

Rsuksl;b:unμan Kat;)andknigbMEbk edaymYycMnYn[eTAenA<br />

PñMeBj ehIymYycMnYnRtÚvdk[mkRKb;RKgenAkñúgRksYg<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

mnÞIr tMbn;43 edIm,Im©as;kar. dUecñH Kat;[´dkykPñak;gar<br />

esGIuGacMnYn4nak;KW mitþkwg/ Bn/ eCt nigpan nigyuT§Cn<br />

2nak;KW mitþvIn nigmitþs‘ag ykeTAeFVIkarenAmnÞIrsnþisux<br />

tMbn;43 edayTukEtmitþ ehOn nigmitþ nIr enATTYlsnþisux<br />

RsukbnþeTot. eTAdl;kMBg;FM ´)anRbmUlkmøaMgmkBIRsuk<br />

esÞagsñak;enApÞHmYyCab;rbgKuk cMENkmitþ hUr RbFanKuk<br />

)ansñak;enApÞHmYyCamYynarI sßitenAcmay 100Em:RtBI<br />

pÞHrbs;´.<br />

enAqñaM1975 eBlRkúm´yam ´)anlYcedaHElg<br />

GñkeTasCemøósBIPñMeBj EdlRbúgrt;eTARbeTsesomGs;<br />

cMnYn5nak;. bBaðaedaHElgGñkeTasenH Rkúmrbs;´RtÚv<br />

RbFaneQμaH hUr nigRbFannarIeQμaH mYn sþIbenÞas nigrk<br />

erOgrkehtuCabnþbnÞab;. enAeBlenaH edayeXIj´RbCMu<br />

sat;²EtCamYykmøaMgesGIuGa mitþ s‘ag Edl´ykmkCamYy<br />

k¾bþÚreTArs;enApÞHCamYy hUr vij.<br />

enAExFñÚ qñaM1975 bg Rs‘un )aneTAedkpÞH´sñak;<br />

enAmYyyb; ehIyKat;k¾)ansYr´BIsPaBkarN_enAkñúgmnÞIr<br />

snþisuxtMbn;. ´)anR)ab;Kat;fa \LÚvTMnas;xagRkúmmitþ hUr<br />

nigRkúm´kan;EtxøaMgeLIg ehIymitþ hUr )anekob´Cab;esÞIr<br />

Etminh‘aneFVIskmμPaBGVITaMgGs; eRBaHeKtamdanxøaMg.<br />

eTaHCaya:genHkþI ´)an[GñkeTasrt;rYc5nak;eTotnigxUc<br />

sIlFm’CamYynarICemøósmkBIPñMeBjcMnYn6nak;.<br />

enAedImqñaM1976 bg Rs‘un )ancat;taMgbg eLIg [<br />

mkRKb;RKgExSesGIuGaEdlykBIRsukesÞagbnþbnÞab;nig<br />

TTYlnaTICaGnuRbFanmnÞIrtMbn;. rhUtdl;Bak;kNþalEx3<br />

qñaMdEdl ´k¾TTYl)annaTICaGnuRbFanRksYgsnþisuxtMbn;<br />

43 ehIyenAxN³enaH bg eLIg )anehA´eTACYbenApÞH<br />

rbs;Kat;Tl;muxmnÞIrtMbn;43 rYcENnaMfa ebItamKat;kþab;<br />

)an RbFanmnÞIr tMbn; RbFansnþisuxtMbn; nigRbFan<br />

BaNiC¢kmμtMbn;kMBugrkl,icdkmitþ¬´¦ecjBIsnþisuxedayeK<br />

ecaTfa mitþ Rs‘un RbúgdkBYkeKecj edaysarEt´cak;<br />

edat.<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

enAEx4 qñaM1976 ´RtÚvdkeTACayuT§CnRksYg<br />

]sSahkmμtMbn;43. enAyb;mYykñúgedImEx5 bg eLIg<br />

)aneTApÞH´enATl;muxeragcRktm,aj rYcehIyR)ab;fa mitþ<br />

Rs‘un minTan;dwgerOgenHeT dUecñHecHEteFVIkarFmμtaeTA<br />

cMENkExSesGIuGaKat;]eTÞsnam´[Tak;TgCamYy mitþ éB.<br />

rMlg)an5éf RksYgcat;taMg[´eTAdwkCBa¢ÚnkItm,aj<br />

BIeragcRktm,ajkMBg;cam. enAeBlenaH ´k¾)anCYbmitþ<br />

éB ehIyKat;k¾)anGb;rM´fa enAeBldwkCBa¢ÚnRtÚveFVI[)ak;<br />

Ebk nigedaHecalex©AxøH eFVIya:gNa[dMeNIrkareragcRk<br />

sÞH. bnÞab;mk mitþ éB )an]eTÞsnamkmøaMgesGIuGaenAkñúg<br />

eragcRkmYycMnYndUcCamitþ Bat;/ Nat;/ Can/ nit/ yI/ ra:t/<br />

lIm/ xan;/ Esn/ Ehl nigBar [´Tak;Tg. enAkñúgry³eBl<br />

3Ex ´)anelIkTmøak;ma:sIunkItm,aj)ak;eCIgGs;3eRKÓg<br />

ma:sIunGMe)aHqμar)ak;eCIgGs;2eRKÓg.<br />

enAExkkáda qñaM1976 RksYg)ancat;taMg´[eTAkab;<br />

edImeQITalenAR)asaTsMbUréRBKb; edIm,IykmkeFVIeragcRk<br />

enAeBlenaH mitþ éB )anGb;rMfa min)ac;kab;eQIl¥²eT<br />

KWkab;edImeQIx©I²)anehIy. bnÞab;BI´kab;edImeQI)an<br />

cMnYn60edImmk enAEx10 RksYgk¾cat;taMg´[eTAeroberag<br />

GareQIenAesÞageTot. enATIenaHry³eBl3éf ´)anCYbCa<br />

mYybg Rs‘un enApÞHrbs;Kat; ehIy´k¾)ansYrBIEpnkarmYy<br />

cMnYneTAéfmux. bg Rs‘un )anGb;rMfa \LÚvmitþkMuKitEvgqay<br />

eBk xMEterobma:sIunGareQI[dMeNIrkarsineTAedIm,I[<br />

RbCaCnmanCMenOelIeyIg cMENkGgárRtIsac;caM´CYyedaH<br />

Rsay. Kat;)anbnþfa \LÚvenARksYgBaNiC¢kmμKat;dak;<br />

mitþ h‘n CaRbFan nigmitþ Bin GnuRbFan.<br />

enAEx]sPa qñaM1977 RksYgdk´mkRKb;RKgerag<br />

CagEdk EpñkxageragcRktm,aj tMbn;43. enAeBlenaH<br />

´)anCYbmitþ h‘n nig)ansYrBIsPaBkarN_esGIuGaenA<br />

kMBg;FM. bg h‘n )anR)ab;´fa \LÚvbg Rs‘un GgÁkarcab;<br />

xøÜnehIy cMENkbg eLIg GgÁkardkeTAenAksikmμRsuksnÞúk<br />

dUecñHmitþcaMCYbCamYymitþ éB eRBaHKat;GacTak;TgrhUt<br />

dl;PUmiPaK.<br />

enAcugEx]sPa qñaM1977 mitþ éB )anehA´eTARbCMuenA<br />

pÞHRKÜsarrbs;Kat;EdlmansmaCikcUlrYmdUcCa lIm nig<br />

Bat;. enAeBlenaHmitþ éB )anENnaM[xMksagkmøaMgbEnßm<br />

nigeFVIskmμPaB[sÞHkargarkñúgeragcRk. enAry³2Ex<br />

eRkaymk ´)anksagkmøaMgesGIuGa enAkñúgeragCagEdk<br />

)ancMnYn4nak;KW Exm/ Nag/ s‘an nig eyOn. kmøaMg<br />

TaMgenaH ´)andwknaMeFVIskmμPaBdUcCaeFVI[sÞHrn§bgðÚrTwk<br />

bNþal[eqHsøElgekIt. enAeBlenaH ´)anR)ab;mitþ<br />

Bat; BIPaBrGak;rGYledaysardac;ePøIg ePøIgminRKb; nig<br />

DINam:UeqH. RsbeBlenaH ´)anGb;rMkmøaMgbec©keTsBI<br />

sgÁmcas;cUlmkCakmøaMgesGIuGa)ancMnYn4nak;bEnßmeTot<br />

rYmmanmitþ éf/ h‘/ Tun nigs‘U.<br />

enAExkkáda qñaM1977 RksYg)ancat;taMg[eTAdksÞÚg<br />

ERsrbs;tMbn; nigkmøaMgesGIuGa 4nak;KW éf/ h‘U/ Tun/ Esn<br />

enAkñúgeragcRktm,ajeTACamYyEdredIm,IerobcMEpnkarbMpøaj<br />

sMNab nigsnÞÚg.<br />

enAExsIha qñaM1977 ´)anCYbmitþ éB enAelIpÞHRKÜsar<br />

Kat; ehIy´)ansYrKat;faetIEpnkaresGIuGaya:gem:c?<br />

ebIbgRs‘un mitþ h‘n GgÁkarcab; cMENkmitþ Bin RtÚvdkeTA<br />

shkrN_ ehIybg eLIg )at;dMNwgeTot. enAeBlenaH éB<br />

)anGb;rM´fa mitþkMuGs;sgÇwm Gs;mñak; b¤BIrnak;k¾enAmanesGIuGa<br />

BaseBjGaceFVIkar)anEdr \LÚvmitþRtÚveFVIkarbnþeTAmux<br />

eTotkMuRBÜj)armÖ.<br />

enAéfTI22 ExsIha qñaM1977 eBlRtLb;mkBIERs<br />

enAeBlyb; ´k¾RtÚvGgÁkarcab;xøÜn. enAeBlenaH RbFan<br />

snþisuxeQμaH qay ehA´mksYr ´k¾)anraykarN_BIPaB<br />

xVHxatrbs;xøÜnkñúgcMeNamBYkk,t; ehIyeFVIsMNUmBredIm,I<br />

raykarN_BIelxatMbn;eQμaH cn EdlbeRmIskmμPaB<br />

esGIuGa CUnbg Bk elxaPUmiPaKdwg. enAkEnøgXMuXaMg ´cg;<br />

EtCYbmuxRKÜsarnigkUn²b:ueNÑaH edayElgKitBIerOgGVI<br />

TaMgGs;.<br />

12 mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

enAéfTI9 Exvicäika qñaM1977 ´RtÚvGgÁkarGnueRKaHTaMg<br />

RKÜsar[mkenAmnÞIrs-21 ehIybg Duc )an[´enAkEnøg<br />

QUseQI eFVIpÞaMgEpnTInigkþarexon edayminGnuBaØat[edIr<br />

eTANaeT. enATIenaH´TTYl)ankarGb;rMesÞIrEtral;yb;BI<br />

mitþ fn EdlniyayBIkarsb,ay nigRsIjI.<br />

ry³eBlknøHExeRkaymk bg Duc )an[´raykarN_<br />

GMBIskmμPaBrbs;´pÞal;edayesμaHRtg;EdlTak;TgCamYy<br />

nwgBYkk,t;CUnGgÁkar eBlenaHedayxøacbgcab;xøÜnmþgeTot<br />

´k¾sresrraykarN_lak;elom biT)aMg nigminesμaHRtg;.<br />

rMlg)anmYyExeRkaymk bg Duc )anehA´eTAsYreday<br />

BaküFn;²fa «emIlGaEGðg maneFVI[rYcKijenAkMBg;FMya:g<br />

em:cxøH? » ´kMuk¾eqøIybiT)aMgkuhkKat;eTot. enAkEnøgsñak;<br />

enA bg Duc min[edIrecjeTANaeT sUm,IEtpÞHKat;eFVIkar<br />

k¾min[´eTACitEdr. enAedImqñaM1978 bg Duc cat;taMg´<br />

[enAKUrEpnTIkñúgmnÞIrs-21. enAkñúgEx7 qñaMdEdl<br />

evlayb; mYyeBlbg Duc QWxøaMg RKÜsar´ nigb¥ÚnPI [´CUn<br />

b¥Ún hug eTAkEnøgeFVIkarvij. b:uEnþedayyb;enaH bg Duc<br />

minTan;sRmanþ ehIykMBugCab;eFVIkarTak;TgtamTUrs½BÞ<br />

CamYymitþeyIgepSg ´minTan;h‘andkxøÜnCUnb¥Ún hug eTAeT<br />

eRBaHxøac bg Duc rk´hucenHhucenaH. ema:gRbEhl2<br />

yb; eBlbg Duc Qb;eFVIkar ehIysmMesóm ´k¾cuHmkpÞH<br />

RKÜsar´ edaycg;rkeBledIm,IrMelaP hug. eBlenaH ´bgçM<br />

hug eTAkEnøgeFVIkar ¬eBTü703¦ TaMgyb; rYcehIy´eLIg<br />

CiHkg;CUn hug kñúgeKalbMNgeTAkEnøgsat;edIm,IrMelaP<br />

b:uEnþmin)anseRmc edaysartampøÚvmanePøIgPøWxøaMgeBknig<br />

mankgT½BedIrcl½t. eXIjdUecñH ´k¾CUn hug eTAdl;kEnøg<br />

eFVIkar rYcehIyk¾RtLb;mkvij.<br />

enAéfTI19 Exkkáda qñaM1978 evlaema:g10knøHyb;<br />

´)anCUnb¥Ún hug BIpÞHkumareTA kEnøgeFVIkarenAeBTü703mþg<br />

eTot. enAxN³enaH ´manbMNgRbúgrMelaP hug mþgeTot<br />

eday´)an[bgçM hug eTApÞH´kEnøgKUrEpnTI edayykels<br />

fa eTAR)ab;mitþeyIgERkgbg Duc rk. eTAdl;pÞH ´)anTaj<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

éd hug eLIgeTAelIpÞHcUlbnÞb;´edk rYcebIkTVarmçagedIm,I<br />

ERskR)ab;eTAmitþ Lúg nigmitþ lk fa ebIbg Duc [mitþ<br />

eyIgmkrk´ R)ab;fa ´CUn hug eTAmnÞIr703mYyEPøt. ´<br />

ERskR)ab; Lúg nig lk enHedIm,ICaelskMu[mitþeyIg<br />

sgS½y ehIy[ hug Gs;citþ. enAmuneBlcUlbnÞb;vij ´<br />

TajTVarbg¥ÜcbiT ehIyxÞas;Cab;. ´cUleTAbnÞb; eXIj hug<br />

kMBugGgÁúyelIERKk¾sÞúHeTAGgÁúyCitcab;sμaCab;»nefIb<br />

jIjk; xaMkedayRbúgbgçMrMelaP b:uEnþ hug )anerIbRmHRcan<br />

éd´ecj ehIyebIkTVarrt;cuHmkeRkamCiHkg;ecjeTA.<br />

eBlenaH´k¾rt;mkeRkampÞH rYcCiHkg;CUndMeNIrKat;eTAmnÞIr<br />

eBTü703vij. enAtampøÚv hug minsUvrak;Tak;CamYy´<br />

eT. edayeXIjGakb,kiriya hug xwgnwg´xøaMg ´k¾cab;epþIm<br />

P½yxøÜnedayxøacKat;raykarN_eTAbg ¬Duc¦. eTAdl;mux<br />

mnÞIreBTü ´Tajéd hug [Qb;kg;mYyEPøt b:uEnþKat;minRBm<br />

Qb; ´k¾TajrhUt hug Qb;kg;. enAeBlenaH ´niyayfa<br />

«bgRsLaj; hug xøaMgNas; cg;EtelbTuk ebIsinelb<br />

ekIt ». RbsinebI hug eTAsmrPUmi kMuePøcbgNa ´niyay<br />

lYgelamya:genHedaycg;bMPan; hug fa´RsLaj;Kat;eday<br />

esμaH ehIy[Kat;GaNitedIm,IkMu[ykGMeBIeXareXArbs;´<br />

eTAraykarN_[bg Duc dwg. b:uEnþeBlenaH hug Gt;man<br />

niyaytbmk´vijeT hug eLIgCiHkg; ehIyniyayrk´Et<br />

mYyma:t;fa Kat;cUlkEnøgvijehIy.<br />

enAlacéf21 Exkkáda qñaM1978 ´CYb hug mYy<br />

EPøtenApÞHRKÜsar´ eBlenaH hug eFVIetaHetIy ehIymin<br />

niyayrk´eT. ´)ansYr hug fa EbbmanerOgGI b¤xwgGñk<br />

NaeTIbminsUvniyay? Kat;Tajkg;CiHbeNþIr niyay<br />

beNþIrfa ´Rbjab;eTAvijeRBaHmitþeyIgeKcaM edaysar<br />

´mkpÞHbgyUrehIy. bnÞab;mk ´k¾vilRtLb;eTApÞH´vij<br />

edayGt;h‘aneLIgelgpÞHbg Duc dUcmun²eToteT. enA<br />

yb;éfdEdl ´RtÚvGgÁkarcab;xøÜnenAmnÞIrs-21 Etmþg.<br />

esam b‘unfn<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

GñkRKÚmMuem:t ³ beRgónRbvtþisa®sþkm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

nwgbþI)anCYlpÞHmYysßitenACitsalabzmsikSaedIm,I exμAnigbg;kRkmaERskehAfa<br />

sñak;enA. karbeRgónenATIenaHmin)aneTogTat;eT eRkay<br />

eBlln; nl; eFVIrdæRbharTmøak;semþc sIhnu eRBaH<br />

sPaBkarN_enAtMbn;sYgTaMgmUlmanPaBRcbUkRcbl; RKb;<br />

bnÞb;eronTaMgGs; rdæaPi)al ln; nl; tRmÚv[edaHRBHqaya<br />

l½kçN_semþcRBHneratþm sIhnu ecjBIbnÞb; EdlmanrYmTaMg<br />

bnÞb;´beRgónpg. Pøam²enaH k¾manclnaeXasnakñúg<br />

cMeNamRbCaCnedIm,IRbmUlkmøaMgEdlRsLaj;nigKaMRT<br />

semþcRBH sIhnu [edIrEhrk,Ün)atukmμEdlRbdab;eday<br />

kaMbitnigBUefAsMedAmkTIrYmextþkMBg;cam edIm,ITamTar[<br />

semþcRBH sIhnu yagmkkan;GMNacvij. b:uEnþ)atukrTaMg<br />

enaHRtÚvkgT½B ln; nl; edj)aj;[rt;x©at;x©ayeTAvijGs;.<br />

eTaHbICamankarb®gáabya:genHk¾eday k¾hVÚg)atukr)anedIr<br />

BinitütampÞHRbCaCn nigsalaeron bnÞb;NaEdlminmanrUb<br />

semþcRBH sIhnu nwgRtÚvefáaleTas.<br />

eRkaymk edaysartMbn;sYgmanGsnþisuxkan;Et<br />

xøaMg ehIymankgT½Bevotkug nigkgT½BExμrRkhmCaeRcIncUl<br />

kñúgPUmi ´k¾Qb;eTAbeRgón ehIyykkUnrbs;´mñak;eTAepJI<br />

mþayenAkNþalsÞwg[CYyciBa©wm. cMENkbþI´RtÚvsalacat;<br />

taMg[eTAyamkarBarenAsalaRsuktÇÚgXμMúerogral;yb;.<br />

enAEx]sPa qñaM1970 kgT½BExμrRkhmnigevotkug)ancUl<br />

mkvaybMpÞúHXøaMgRKab;rbs;kgT½B ln; nl; nigcUlvayyk<br />

)ansalaRsuktÇÚgXμMúEdlmanTItaMgenAkñúgXMusYg. eXIjdUecñH<br />

´EdlkMBugmanépÞeBaHkUnTIBIrenaHk¾)anrt;ePosxøÜneTAenA<br />

CamYyRKÜsarm©as;pÞHEdl´CYlsñak;enA. enAyb;éfenaH<br />

kgT½B ln; nl; )an)ak;T½Brt;x©at;x©ay. RsbeBlenaH<br />

´k¾)anTTYldMNwgBIGñkPUmifa bþI´)ansøab;enAkñúgehtukarN_<br />

vayRbyuT§KñaenHEdr. bnÞab;BIdwgdMNwgenHPøam ´rn§t;citþ<br />

xøaMgNas; rYck¾ykm:UtUm:Ub‘IELtmYyeRKÓgCiHeTArkbþIenA<br />

salaRsuk. edaymankarRBÜy)armÖBIsuvtßiPaBrbs;´ m©as;<br />

pÞH)an[kUnRbsaKat;CiHm:UtUCUndMeNIrtamBIeRkay. ´CiH<br />

Citdl;pSarsYg Rsab;EtmanyuvCnmñak;esøókBak;exaGav<br />

«GñkRKÚ² » eTIb´Qb;m:UtU ehIy<br />

´k¾R)ab;fa eTArkbþIenAsalaRsuk. yuvCnenaH)anR)ab;fa<br />

GñkRKÚkMueTA GñkEdlsøab;enaHminEmnelakRKÚeT ¬bþIrbs;´¦<br />

KWGñkPUmiRcLMeT bnÞab;mk´k¾eTAykexaGavmYycMnYnBIpÞHCYl<br />

rYck¾CiHRtLb;eTACb;vij. cMENkkUnRbsam©as;pÞHenARbmUl<br />

rbs;rbrenAkñúgpÞH xN³enaHKat;k¾eXIjevotkugmñak;kMBug<br />

GgÁúyeFVIkg;enAmuxpÞH ehIyk¾eTAsYrKYrsm Rsab;Etevotkug<br />

cab;xøÜnKat;ehIyecaTfaKij. eRkaymk edaymankar<br />

FanaBIGñkPUminigGñkFøab;sÁal;Kat;eTIbevotkug)anedaHElg<br />

b:uEnþ)anKMram[naMRKÜsarTaMgGs;mksñak;enApÞHenHvij<br />

eRBaHExμrRkhmvaykan;kab;Cb; CIEh nigEpñkxagekItTenø<br />

)anehIy.<br />

´nigm©as;pÞHk¾)anRtLb;mkenApÞHkñúgXMusYgvij.<br />

b:uEnþedaysar´mineXIjbþIrbs;´RtLb;mkpÞHyUréf ´k¾<br />

)ansUmGnuBaØatBIkgT½BevotkugcUleTArkemIlenAkEnøg<br />

XMuXaMgrbs;eKenAsalabzmsikSaTYlRTa kñúgRsukt,ÚgXμMú<br />

EdleXIjsuT§EtTahan ln; nl;. b:uEnþedayrkmineXIj<br />

bþIrbs;´ ´k¾eTArkenAkEnøgXMuXaMgeQμaHKILÚ62 sßitenAkñúg<br />

cmáarekAs‘UCb;nigkEnøgXMuXaMgmYyeTotenAmg;eroveTIb<br />

kgT½BevotkugR)ab;fa RKÚbeRgón)anedaHElgGs;ehIy.<br />

BIréfeRkaymk mitþPkþirbs;bþI´)aneTAdl;pÞHCYlrbs;´<br />

ehIyR)ab;fa Kat;)anCYbnwgbþIrbs;´enAPUmidUnem:ACitTenø<br />

biT ehIyEfmTaMg)anx©IluybþIrbs;´mYycMnYnsRmab;Tij<br />

mðÚbGaharbriePaKeTotpg. bnÞab;)anB¤dMNwgenH ´eRtkGr<br />

ehIy)aneTABwgRbCaCnEdlrs;enATl;muxnwgpÞHrbs;´sñak;<br />

enA[CUneTArkbþI. ´RtÚveFVIdMeNIrqøgkat;ExSeRtómrbs;evotkug<br />

CaeRcInkEnøgenAtambeNþaymat;TenørhUtdl;PUmidUnem:A<br />

eRkamdMNk;ePøógnigRKab;epøagBITIrYmextþkMBg;cam. b:uEnþ´<br />

min)aneXIjKat;eT eRBaHbþI´)ankab;edImeckbENþtxøÜn<br />

kat;TenøemKgÁmkdl;ERBkedImcan;k¾RtÚvTahan ln; nl;<br />

cab;xøÜnedayecaTfaCaExμrRkhm. eBlenaHmanmnusS<br />

mñak;sÁal;bþI´ Kat;k¾R)ab;eTAmþayekμk´Edlrs;enAPUmival<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

s,Úv RsukkMBg;esom. bnÞab;BITTYldMNwgenHPøam bgéfønig<br />

mþay´ RBmTaMgm®nþIRKb;RKgRKÚbeRgónenAextþkMBg;camk¾eTA<br />

FanaykbþIrbs;´mkrs;enAkñúgPUmivals,Úvvij. ´)anRtLb;<br />

mkpÞHvijTaMgyb;kat;tamcmáarekAs‘UBamCaMgEdlmanePøóg<br />

Føak;eBjmYyéf . ´B¤sMeLgRKab;kaMePøIg)aj;CaeRcInRKab;<br />

EdleFVI[´rn§t;ya:gxøaMgnigP½yj½r. luHRBwkeLIg ´bbYl<br />

mitþPkþirbs;bþI´cMnYnBIrnak;edIm,Irt;mktMbn; ln; nl; kñúgRsuk<br />

éRBQr eRBaHRbBn§Kat;rs;enAéRBTTwg. bnÞab;BIRBmeRBóg<br />

KñaehIy eyIg)anerobcMexaGavbnþicbnþÜcecjdMeNIrenA<br />

eBlRBwk eday´CiHCamYymitþbþI´ cMENkmitþPkþimñak;eTot<br />

EdleFVICanaykrgviTüal½ysYg)anCiHm:UtUmñak;Égnigman<br />

dwkGIva:n;bnþicbnþÜcBIxageRkay. eyIgminsUvsÁal;pøÚvc,as;<br />

las;eT dUecñHeyIgRtÚveFVIdMeNIrkat;cmáarekAs‘UBamCaMg.<br />

eBlenaH enAkñúgTIrYmextþkMBg;cam kgT½BevotkugnigkgT½B<br />

ExμrRkhm)ancUleTAe)aHTItaMgenAsaklviTüal½ykMBg;cam<br />

naeBlyb; ¬bc©úb,nñsalaKruekaslüextþnigPUmiPaKkMBg;<br />

cam¦ rYceFVIkarvayRbhareTAelIbnÞays‘ub ¬bnÞayTahan<br />

rbs; ln; nl;¦ sßitenAxageCIgviTüal½yRBHsIhnu b:uEnþk¾<br />

mankar)aj;epøagBIsMNak;kgT½B ln; nl; vijEdr. cMENk<br />

RKÚbeRgónnignisSitmYycMnYnekItkarP½yxøacrhUtrt;ecal<br />

kg; m:UtU eTARCkenAkñúgviTüal½yRBHsIhnu. enAeBlRBwk<br />

kgT½BevotkugnigExμrRkhm)andkecjBIsaklviTüal½y<br />

enHGs; xN³enaHecAhVayextþkMBg;cam ¬elak Giun taM¦<br />

k¾)anTUrs½BÞehAkgT½Brdækar ¬evotNamxagt,Úg¦ mkCYy.<br />

rhUtdl;eBléfRtg; edaysPaBkarN_sb;sat; nisSitk¾<br />

cUleTAykkg; m:UtUnigsmÖar³mYycMnYnRtLb;eTApÞHvij.<br />

eBlenaH Rsab;Et´emIleXIjBIcmaynUvynþehaHnigsn§wk<br />

Tmøak;RKab;EbkBIyYnrdækarmkelIsaklviTüal½ykMBg;cam<br />

enH ¬bc©úb,nñsalaKruekaslüextþ nigPUmiPaKkMBg;cam¦<br />

bNþal[mnusSsøab;CaeRcIn.<br />

bnÞab;BIQremIlkarTmøak;RKab;EbkenAkMBg;cam<br />

bnþic eyIgbnþdMeNIrmkdl;CIEh)anCYbbursBIrnak; ehIy<br />

eyIgk¾bnþdMeNIrcuHeTAeRkamTaMgGs;Kña ¬sMedAeTATenø¦.<br />

mYyry³eRkaymk eyIgk¾CYbnwgkgT½BevotkugcMnYn5nak;<br />

eTotEdlmantYnaTIemIlpøÚv edaymankan;etGU kaMePøIgxøI<br />

kaMePøIgEvg nigm:UtUcMnYn3eRKÓg. edaysarGñkrYmdMeNIr<br />

CamYy´ecHniyayPasaevotNam kgT½BTaMgenaH)an[<br />

eyIgnaMpøÚveKsMedAeTAXMuERBkeBaFi. eBlqøgTenøtUcRtg;<br />

vtþGMEbgecH kgT½BevotkugminGnuBaØat[eyIgCiHm:UtUdac;<br />

karbeRgónRbvtþisa®sþkm


AextþkMBg;cam<br />

EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

min[cUlextþeT eTIb´RtLb;eTAPñMeBjedIm,IbgðajxøÜnenATIcat;<br />

karmFümsikSa RksYgGb;rMCati ehIyenAxN³enaH ´)an<br />

CYbelakRKÚmñak;EdlbeRgónenAviTüal½ysYgCamYybþI´<br />

ry³eBlBIréfeRkaymkKat;k¾RtLb;eTAbgðajxøÜnenATIcat;<br />

karmFümsikSaextþkMBg;cam ehIyk¾)anpþl;dMNwgGMBI´<br />

eTAbþI´. enAry³eBl10éfeRkaymk eTIb´eXIjbþIrbs;<br />

´)anrt;BIPUmiEdlCaExSeRtómRbyuT§rvag ln; nl; nigExμr<br />

Rkhmmkdl;PñMeBjEdr. ´)ansñak;enACamYybgRsIenA<br />

PñMeBjry³eBlBIrEx rhUtdl;s®gÁamsb;sat;bnþiceTIb´<br />

nigbþIRtLb;mkeFVIkarenAextþkMBg;camvij eday´beRgón<br />

enAsalabzmsikSadIduH. cMENkbþI´)anbeRgónenAviTüa<br />

l½yBiessCaviTüal½yEdlTTYlsisSePósxøÜnmkBIRsuk<br />

RkÚcqμar sÞwgRtg; nigCIEh Edlkan;kab;edayExμrRkhm.<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

´beRgón)anmYyqñaMk¾bþÚrmkbeRgónenAsalaCamYybþI<br />

Edr. ´eFVIkarenAviTüal½yBiess)anry³eBl2qñaM enAqñaM<br />

1973 eTIbpøas;eTAPñMeBjedaysarenAkMBg;camman<br />

Gsnþisuxral;éf. ´)ancUleFVICaGnurkSenAviTüal½ynarI<br />

¬bc©úb,nñsalaneratþm¦ cMENkbþI´)anbeRgónenAviTüal½y<br />

RBHsIusuvtßi.<br />

munéf17 Exemsa qñaM1975 ´)ansñak;enA<br />

sgáat;elx6 sßitenAxagt,Úgvtþlgáa RkúgPñMeBjCamYybþI<br />

kUn4nak; «Bukmþay bgRsI1nak; b¥ÚnRsI2nak; b¥ÚnRbúsmñak;<br />

nigCIdUncas;Cramñak;. enAeBlkgT½BExμrRkhmcUlmk<br />

dl;PñMeBjevlaema:g9RBwk ´nigRkúmRKÜsarTaMgGs;)anyk<br />

RkNat;smYypÞaMgcgenAmuxpÞHdUcRbCaCndéTeTotEdr.<br />

´B¤sUrsñÚrRKab;kaMePøIgenAxagekItvimanÉkraCümYysnÞúHk¾<br />

)at;eTAvij. ´nigGñkenApÞHCitxagrIkrayy:agxøaMgedayKit<br />

fa s®gÁam)anbBa©b;ehIy eday´)anQremIlTahanExμr<br />

RkhmEdledIrenAelIpøÚvmuxpÞH rYcelIkédGbGrsaTr.<br />

ema:g11éfRtg; sMeLgRKab;kaMePøIg)anpÞúHenApÞH<br />

elak tan; KwmhYn ¬RbFanrdæsPa¦ EdlsßitenAminqay<br />

b:unμanBIpÞHrbs;´ cMENkenAmuxpÞHrbs;´k¾manT½BExμrRkhm<br />

mñak;)anP¢g;kaMePøIgtRmg;mkcMpÞHrbs;´ rYcERskbBa¢a[<br />

ecjCabnÞan;.<br />

edayRbjab;Rbjal;eBk bgRsI nigb¥ÚnRsIrbs;´<br />

)anelIkCIdUndak;elIm:UtUrYcbrecjeTAtambeNþaypøÚvneratþm<br />

edIm,IeTACYbCMu«Bukmarbs;´enApSaredImfáÚv. cMENk´<br />

nigRkúmRKÜsar)anRbmUlsemøókbMBak; p¥k Rbhuk GMbil<br />

Ggár canqñaMg Edl´)aneRtómcab;taMgBIeBlGaemrik)an<br />

dkTUtecjBIPñMeBj ykeTAdak;enAelIreTHm:UtUtUc² nigelIk<br />

kUntUcTaMg4nak;rbs;´dak;BIelIEfmeTot Edlb¥ÚnRbús´Ca<br />

GñkGUs. eBl´cakecjBIpÞHedayeFVIdMeNIrtampøÚvRtsk;<br />

Ep¥m pSarbwgekgkg mkdl;muxbnÞay Giut sYg ¬bc©úb,nñ<br />

sßanTUtevotNam¦ ExμrRkhmmñak;)anesñIsMum:UtUBIbþIrbs;´<br />

edayhucRKab;EbkKMram´k¾[ykm:UtUeTATahanenaH eday<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

niyaybEnßmfax©ICiHmYyry³. ´nigRkúmRKÜsar)anbnþ<br />

dMeNIrTaMgkNþaléfRtg;mkdl;pÞHmarbs;´enApSaredImfáÚv<br />

cMENkbgRsIrbs;´EdldwkCIdUnminTan;mkdl;eT.<br />

enARBwkéfbnÞab; RKÜsar´nigRKÜsar«Bukma´)an<br />

seRmccitþcakecjBIpÞHedayminGacrg;caMCIdUneTot)aneT<br />

eRBaHExμrRkhm)anbgçM[ecjBIpÞHCabnÞan;. RKÜsarrbs;´)an<br />

eFVIdMeNIrtampøÚveragcRkEkvnigsRmakenAtampøÚvGs;Ca<br />

eRcInyb;eTIbeTAdl;RBMRbTl;extþkNþal nigextþtaEkv. enA<br />

tampøÚvmansaksBxøHRKbsøwkeQIBIelI cMENksaksB<br />

TahanEdlRtÚvRKab;søab;mansPaBs¥úyrlYynignarIEdl<br />

manépÞeBaHmYycMnYn)ansRmalkUnenAtampøÚv. cMENk<br />

RKÜsar´mansmaCikeRcIn mankg;nigreTHm:UtUmYysRmab;dwk<br />

GIv:an; nigkUntUc². kUn´EdleTIbnwgekItenAkñúgqñaM1974<br />

´)anykmkcgnwgRkmars


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

mYyeBlrg;caM ´)anCYbmitþPkþimñak;¬CaRbFannisSitmha<br />

viTüal½yGkSrsa®sþ¦ Kat;)anesñIsMuKN³Rsuk[RKÜsar´<br />

nigRKÜsarbgb¥Únrbs;´cUlPUmivij rYcehIy)annaMbgCIdUn<br />

mYyrbs;´eQμaH Kuy RtÚ mkPñMeBjCamYy eRkaymk)an<br />

)at;xøÜnrhUt.<br />

RKÜsarrbs;´)ancUlmkrs;enAkñúgPUmivij. RbFan<br />

PUmi)anedIrhamRbCaCnkñúgPUmimin[niyayrkRKÜsar´ nig<br />

RKÜsarbgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYy´eT. Es¥keLIg RKÜsar´RtÚv)ancat;<br />

taMg[eTAeFVIkareTAtammuxsBaØaerog²xøÜnCamYyRbCaCnfμI<br />

enAkñúgPUmi. bgb¥ÚnTaMgenaHRKan;EtemIlmux´edayminniyay<br />

GVITaMgGs;.<br />

rdUveFVIERs)anbBa©b; ´RtÚv)ancat;taMg[Can;Ggár<br />

cab;taMgBIRBwkrhUtdl;ema:g12 eTIbsRmakdaM)ayhUb<br />

rYck¾bnþeFVIkarrhUtdl;ema:g10yb;eTot. cMENkbþIrbs;<br />

´eFVIkarkñúgRkúmdaMbEnøk¾RtÚvErkTwkeRsacbEnøminEdlman<br />

eBlsRmakEdr cMENkkUntUc²rbs;´RtÚvedIrRbmUlGacm’<br />

eKa nigkab;T®nÞanExRteFVICI. eBlshkrN_PUmi)anpldMLÚg<br />

k¾EbgEckeTAtamcMnYnmnusSkñúgRKÜsarnImYy² cMENk<br />

RKÜsarrbs;´TTYl)anRtwmEtdMLÚgvlø×b:ueNÑaH edaydMLÚg<br />

emImFM²em²ykGs;. rhUtmkdl;rdUvRsUvTMu eyIgsRmuk<br />

RcÚtkat;RbmUlpleBléf ehIyeBlyb;CBa¢ÚnkNþab;rhUt<br />

dl;ema:g10eTIb)anRtLb;mkpÞHvij.<br />

enABak;kNþalqñaM1976 enAkñúgPUmicab;epþImhUb<br />

rYm edayExμrRkhm)anedIrRbmUlykcanqñaMgTaMgGs;. enA<br />

eBlenaH ´RtÚvcat;taMg[eTAsøÚk ¬CYs¦ RsUvEdlmancmay<br />

RbmaN4-5KILÚEm:RtBIPUmi edayRtÚvTUlsMNabykeTA<br />

edayxøÜnÉg ehIyenAeBlyb;RtÚvCan;GgárEfmeTot.<br />

cMENkkUnRsI´BIrnak;EdlmanGayueTIbEt5-7qñaMRtÚv<br />

RbmUlykeTAenACitpÞHRbFanPUmi ehIyRtÚveFVIkargarTb;PøW<br />

ERsedayKμaneBlsRmak. cab;taMgBIBak;kNþalqñaM<br />

1976 Rbús²EdlRtÚvcat;taMgeTAeFVIkargarqay²BIPUmi<br />

minEdleXIjvilRtLb;mkvijeT. b¥ÚnRsI Rbús nigkμÜy<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

RtÚvcat;cUlkgcl½tyuvCnEdlRtÚveFVIRbB½n§PøWERs CIk<br />

RbLay elIkTMnb; EdlsßitenAcmayRbmaN5-6KILÚEm:Rt<br />

BIPUmi. enAEx4 qñaM1977 ´manépÞeBaHkUnTI5 ´minGac<br />

hUbsmøm¢ÚrRtkYn)aneT ´Xøanman;nigsac;ya:gxøaMg Et<br />

minh‘anlYceLIy eRBaHCarbs;GgÁkar. yb;mYy´)anFM<br />

køinbbrQúyxÞwmlIgecjBIerag)ay ´cg;eTAsMueKhUb b:uEnþ<br />

bþI´)anGgVrkMu[´eTAsMueK eRBaHxøaceKykeTAsmøab;.<br />

enAEx]sPa qñaM1977 ´)anTTYldMNwgfa b¥ÚnRsI<br />

´RtÚvGgÁkarnaMykeTAdak;KukenAmnÞIrsnþisuxTenø)aTI eday<br />

sarmUlehtub¥ÚnRsI´)ansMuFagetñatsRmab;evjExSbgÁIBI<br />

RbCaCnkñúgPUmi. ExμrRkhm)anecaTb¥ÚnRsI´fa mklYc<br />

rbs;rbrRbCaCn. enAExtula qñaM1977 kardksÞÚgkñúg<br />

PUmi)anrYcral;ehIy emPUmi KN³XMu )anRbmUlbursEdl<br />

mankmøaMgmaM EdlGacErkdI)an niglIngÁ½lrYccMnYnRbEhl<br />

50nak; edayR)ab;faeTACYyeFVIERsRbCaCnenATenø)aTI<br />

eRBaHenAtMbn;enaHRbCaCneFVIERsminTan;ehIy. bþIrbs;´<br />

maneQμaHeTAEdr ´)anTamTareTACamYybþI eRBaH´KitfaebI<br />

søab;²TaMgGs;Kña eday´minmansgÇwmfabþI´GacRtLb;mk<br />

vijeT. b:uEnþbþIrbs;´)anBnül;´fa minRtÚveTACamYyKat;eT<br />

edaysar´manépÞeBaH ehIyebIsøab;mYyRbesIrCagsøab;<br />

TaMgGs;Kña. Kat;)anniyayeTotfa rbbenHminmansßirPaB<br />

yUreT éfNamYynwgmaneKmkrMedaH ehIyebImþayenArs; kUn<br />

nwgmanGnaKteTAéfmux. ´sþab;tamsmþIrbs;bþI´ ´lYcyM<br />

enAkñúgpÞH ´min)anCUndMeNIrbþIeT ´[bþI´ Bak;exa-GavBIrCan;<br />

nigRkmaedIm,IkarBarxül;rga. enAeBlbþI´ecjeTA)at;<br />

RKÜsar´)anyMTaMgGs;Kñaedayminh‘an[eKeXIjeLIy.<br />

b:uEnþenAeBlemRkúmeXIjEPñk´Rkhm k¾sþIbenÞasfa KitGI<br />

RKan;EtbþIeTACYyeFVIkarGñkenATenø)aTI. éfmYykUnRbFan<br />

PUmi)anR)ab;kUn´fa «BukÉgRtÚveKykeTAsmøab;)at;ehIy.<br />

bnÞab;BIB¤dMNwgenH ´manGarmμN_QWcab; nigGaNitbþIxøaMg<br />

Nas;. ´yMnignwkeXIybþIrhUt.<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

enAExkumÖ³ qñaM1978 muneBlsRmalkUn ´RtÚv<br />

bBa¢Ún[eTAenAkñúgmnÞIreBTürg;caMqøgTenø ´TTYl)anrbbbbr<br />

EtBIreBlb:ueNÑaHkñúgmYyéf. ´)ansRmalkUnenAmnÞIreBTü<br />

b:uEnþKμanRKÚeBTüCYyeT ehIyRtÚvbgáat;ePøIgeq¥IrxøÜnedayxøÜn<br />

Ég. bnÞab;BIsRmalkUnrYc GgÁkar)anbþÚr[´hUb)ay<br />

vij. RBwkeLIg ´)anpþaMeTAmþayrbs;´ mþay´k¾)ansMu<br />

c,ab;mkemIl´ b:uEnþRtÚvRbFanKN³XMubdiesF b:uEnþmþay´<br />

min)ansþab;eT EfmTaMgnaMkUnRsITIBIrrbs;´mkCamYypg.<br />

´)anR)ab;[mþay´RtLb;eTAvijeRBaHxøacGgÁkardak;eTas<br />

Kat; edaysUm[Kat;TukEtkUnRsI[enACamYyemIl´b:ueNÑaH.<br />

kUn´)anCYybgáat;ePøIgnige)akKk;knÞbb¥Ún. éfmYy ´)an<br />

R)ab;eBTüfa )ay3Evk´hUbminEq¥teT eBTük¾)anbEnßm<br />

)aymYycMnYneTot. ry³eBl5éfeRkaymk ´)ansMueBTü<br />

RtLb;mkpÞHvij edayedIrcmaypøÚv5KILÚEm:Rt. bnÞab;BI´<br />

mkdl;pÞH)anmYys)þah_ kUnrbs;´ekItbUsmYyya:gFMenA<br />

Rtg;cegáH ehIykan;EtmansPaBQWxøaMg nigKμanfñaMBüa)al<br />

´k¾seRmccitþeTAmnÞIreBTümþgeTot. enATIenaH edaysar<br />

eBTüminmanmeFüa)ayBüa)alEdrenaHk¾Tuk[bUsFøayxøÜn<br />

Ég ´k¾yksøwkBRgTMuTMBa[m:t; rYcbiTBIelIbUsrbs;kUn´<br />

ehIyk¾RtLb;mkPUmivij.<br />

ry³eBl3s)aþh_eRkaymk emPUmi)ancat;taMg[<br />

´emIlTarknigedrsøwketñatcMnYn40kNþbkñúgmYyéfrhUt<br />

Føak;xøÜnQW. bnÞab;mk ´k¾RtÚvcat;taMg[Kas;edImecj<br />

40edImkñúgmYyéfykeTAdaM. ´eFVIkarenH)anry³eBl<br />

2éfk¾cab;epþImrak nigk¥Üt RbFanPUmi)anrkfñaMb£seQI[pwk<br />

nigGnuBaØat[sRmakmYyry³. eRkayBI)anFUes,IyBICMgW<br />

´RtÚvRbFanPUmicat;taMg[edrsøwknigt,ajkenÞlsøwketñat<br />

eRBaHKat;yl;faCakargarRsal.<br />

enAExemsa qñaM1978 KN³XMu)anRbkaselIk<br />

ElgeTascMeBaHRbCaCnTaMgGs; b:uEnþkargarenAEtbnþeFVI<br />

dEdl ehIymin[RtLb;mkpÞHenAeBléfRtg;eT. enA<br />

eBlyb; GgÁkar)anekNÐRbCaCnTaMgGs;enakñúgPUmi[CIk<br />

RsHFMmYyEfmeTot.<br />

enAeBllacéfmYy eBl´kMBugvas;cMnYnépÞdIEdl<br />

)anRcÚtkat;edIm,IraykarN_eTAfñak;elI Rsab;Et´eXIj<br />

mnusSrt;elIxñgRbLayeTATisxaglic ehIyKN³XMunig<br />

emPUmiTaMgGs;k¾)at;BIPUmiEdr. mkdl;pÞH mþay´)anRbmUl<br />

kUnTaMgGs;rbs;´mkCMuKña ehIyeBlenaH bgRsI b¥ÚnRbús<br />

nigkμÜyrbs;´TaMgGs;k¾mkCMuKñaEdr mþay´)aneTAykqñaMg<br />

mYysRmab;TukdaM)ayhUb b:uEnþeyIgmin)anecjBIPUmieT.<br />

enAcugExmkra qñaM1979 KN³XMu emPUmi)an<br />

RtLb;mkvijedaymankan;kaMbitpÁak;mkedjRbCaCnecj<br />

BIPUmi. RKÜsar´)aneFVIdMeNIrmkTisGaeKñy_k¾CYbnwgeyaFa<br />

ExμrRkhmEdlrt;ecjBItaexμA. eyaFaTaMgenaH)anekor<br />

RbCaCnmYycMnYn b:uEnþRKÜsar´min)aneTACamYyeT eRBaH<br />

«Bukma´nigkUnRsI´RKúnekþA dUecñHeyIg)anedkenAvalbwg<br />

mYyyb;. RBwkeLIg ´nigRKÜsar)anedIrsMedAmkpøÚv<br />

Catielx2 rYceFVIdMeNIrcUlmktaexμA. enAEx]sPa qñaM<br />

1979 ´)anmkrs;enAkñúgsalabzmsikSapSaredImfáÚv<br />

nigeFVICaRKÚbbeRgónenATIenaH edayTTYl)anrbbGgárBI<br />

rdæbnþicbnþÜcsRmab;ciBa©wmkUn. eRkaymk edaymankar<br />

xitxMRbwgERbgeFVIkargar nigeronbnþ ´)anRbLgCab;RKÚ<br />

kRmitmFümsikSa nigenAqñaM1997´RbLgCab;CaGFikar<br />

mFümsikSa nigRKÚbegÁalfñak;CatienAeBlbc©úb,nñenH.<br />

Gs;ry³eBlCag40qñaMmkehIyEdl´eFVICaRKÚ<br />

beRgón eFVI[´kan;EtminGacbMePøcerOgra:vrbs;´enAkñúg<br />

rbbExμrRkhm)an. ´yMenAeBl´rMB£kerOgenHeLIg b:uEnþ<br />

´)anxitxMBuHBarkarlM)ak nigEkERbkMhwgnigkarQWcab;cMeBaH<br />

karsøab;bþIrbs;´nigb¥ÚnRsIeTACakarxitxMRbwgERbgeFVIkargar<br />

rhUtciBa©wmkUnTaMg5nak;rbs;´[)aneroncb;briBaØab½RtRKb;<br />

Kña. ´)anbeRgónekμgCMnan;eRkayCaeRcInCMnan;[yl;dwg<br />

BIRbvtþiExμrRkhm b:uEnþ´)anGb;rMeKmin[mankarsgswknig<br />

ecHsamKÁIKña. esam b‘unfn<br />

20 mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

Ebn nag KWCaRKÚbegÁalfñak;CatiEdl)ancUlrYmenA<br />

kñúgkarbeRgónRbvtþisa®sþkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

kalNapøas;cuHpøas;eLIg edayykkmøaMgTImYy ¬mnusS<br />

Rbús¦ dUrykkmøaMgTIBIr ¬mnusSRsI¦ RbEhlCaéfNamYy<br />

GgÁkarnwgykeTAsmøab;ehIy. Ebn nag niyayTaMgRsk;<br />

EPñkfa «G‘ÍcwgehIy)anCa«Bukrbs;´ EtgEtRBÜy)armÖBI<br />

suvtþiPaBrbs;xøÜnCanic© nigminEdleFVIGVIEdlGac[GgÁkar<br />

cab;kMhuseLIy ». kargarenAsmrPUmiRtÚveFVIkarsRmúkxøaMg<br />

nighUbmin)anRKb;RKan;eT dUecñHmþayrbs; Ebn nag k¾Føak;<br />

xøÜnQW. eXIjdUecñH Ebn nag )aneTAeragm:asIunkinRsUv<br />

edIm,IlYcGgárehIyeTAdaMbbr[Kat;hUb.<br />

eRkayBICasHes,IyBICMgW dl;eBlEdlGgÁkar<br />

)aneFVIbuNümYy ehIyGnuBaØat[RbCaCnTaMgGs;GaceFVI<br />

dMeNIrqøgBIPUmimYyeTAPUmimYyeTot)an. eqøót»kasenaH<br />

mþayrbs; Ebn nag )anseRmccitþnaMKat;eTArk«Bukrbs;Kat;<br />

enAkEnøgeFVIkar edayykeBatlIgEdlbukCamYyeckeTA<br />

jat;cUlkñúgkMb:ughÁIehÁaepJIKat;pgEdr. eBleTAdl; Ebn nag<br />

nigmþayrbs;xøÜnGaNit«BukCaxøaMg eRBaHExμrRkhm)an<br />

bgçM[Kat;eFVIkarTaMgeCIgrbs;Kat;mandMe)AgaesÞIrEtedIrmin<br />

rYc. «eTaHbICamanmnÞIreBTüsRmab;Büa)alGñkCMgW b:uEnþ<br />

ExμrRkhmmin)anGnuBaØat[«Bukrbs;´Qb;sRmaknig<br />

bBa¢ÚnKat;eTABüa)aleLIy ».<br />

eRkayBI)ansYrsuxTukçrYc nigRtLb;mkdl;kgvij<br />

ExμrRkhm)anbBa¢Ún«Bukmþayrbs; Ebn nag eTAsmrPUmimux<br />

CamYyKñavij cMENkbgRbús[mkeFVIkarenAPUmi edayman<br />

Parkic©ciBa©wmTa. cUldl;buNü17 emsa ExμrRkhmk¾<br />

GnuBaØat[mþayrbs; Ebn nag RtLb;mklMenAzanedIm,ICYb<br />

bgRbúsvij. b:uEnþeBlmkdl; «mþayrbs; Ebn nag eTIb<br />

dwgfabgRbúsrbsKat;ekItdMe)AeCIgedIrminrYcrhUtRtÚv<br />

GgÁkarbBa¢ÚneTABüa)alenAmnÞIreBTü. edaysarminsUvrwt<br />

bnþwgxøaMg GgÁkark¾GnuBaØat[mþayrbs; Ebn nag nigKat;eTA<br />

sYrsuxTukçdl;mnÞIreBTü. enATIenaH Ebn nag eXIjbgRbús<br />

rbs;Kat;edIrmin)aneT )anRtwmEtrMkilKUfeTAmuxb:ueNÑaH.<br />

cMENkfñaMsRmab;Büa)alCMgWKat;manEtfñaMGacm_TnSay<br />

b:ueNÑaH. \LÚvenHdMe)AenaH)anbnSl;søaksñamenAelIeCIg<br />

rbs;Kat;rhUtmkdl;sBVéfenH.<br />

éfmYy «Bukrbs; Ebn nag RtÚv)anbBa¢Ún[eTAkab;<br />

éRBenAGUrBgman;. «Bukrbs; Ebn nag )anerobrab;BI<br />

RBwtþikarN_éfenaHfa Kat;sMNagNas;Edlmin)anRbqaMg<br />

nwgbBa¢arbs;GgÁkar eRBaHeTaHbICaKat;QWesÞIrEtegIbminrYc<br />

k¾eday k¾Kat;enAEteTAkab;éRBEdr. cMENkGñkEdlGvtþman<br />

enAyb;enaH ExμrRkhm)anykGñkTaMgenaHbeNþIrkat;mux<br />

rbs; Ebn nag eTAsmøab;ecalTaMgGs;. ehtukarN_enH<br />

)aneFVI[RKÜsarrbs; Ebn nag P½yxøacCaxøaMg eRBaHmindwg<br />

faéfNaExμrRkhmykKat;eTAsmøab;EbbenHEdreT.<br />

enATIenH karhUbcukminEdlRKb;RKan;eT. dUecñH<br />

Ebn nag )ancUleTAlYcel


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar<br />

lYcrt;mkrs;enAtMbn;3enHedayecaTfaxussIlFm’. enA<br />

éfbnÞab; ExμrRkhm)anehARbCaCnTaMgGs;enAkñúgPUmieTA<br />

RbCMuenAshkrN_rYm edIm,IkMu[RbCaCnÉeTotykKMrUtam.<br />

eBlenaH mþayrbs; Ebn nag )anerobrab;fa GñkTaMgbIRtÚv<br />

ExμrRkhmcgsøabeskedayExSBN’exovenAeLIy Edl<br />

bBa¢ak;faExμrRkhmminsmøab;GñkbInak;ecaleT. b:uEnþ<br />

eRkayBIRbCMucb; GñkTaMgbIRtÚv)ancgsøabeskedayExS<br />

BN’Rkhmvij¬RtÛÚvykeTAsmøab;¦. eRkaymk BUTUc Edl<br />

CaGñkbeNþIrmnusSykeTAsmøab;¬Føab;vHeBaHmnusSyk<br />

eføIm¦ nigEdlrab;GanCamYymþayrbs;Kat;)anR)ab;fa<br />

GñkTaMgbIRtÚvykeTAsmøab;ehIy eday[CIkreNþAxøÜnÉg.<br />

BUTUc k¾)anerobrab;bEnßmfa enAeBlEdlykmnusSeTA<br />

smøab; eKEtgEtkac;Emk-K[Kat;kan;eTApÞHvij Edlman<br />

n½yfa eBlRtLb;mkpÞHvij[eFVIK eFVIføg;.<br />

RbEhlenAedImqñaM1979 muneBlevotNamcUlmk<br />

rMedaH Ebn nag )aneXIjynþehaH nigkgT½BGavexμACiHesH<br />

cUlPUmi. bnÞab;mk Ebn nag )anB¤emkgCECkKñafa manxμaMg<br />

cUlbgáb; RbsinebI)aneXIj[CYbR)ab;pg ebIminGI‘cwgeT<br />

xμaMgnwgsmøab;eyIgminxan. RBwtþikarN_enAeBlenaH Ebn<br />

nag )anB¤«Bukmþayrbs;Kat;BiPakSaKñafa «ebIeyIgmineKc<br />

xøÜneT ExμrRkhmnwgekoreyIgykeTAsmøab;ehIy ». minyUr<br />

b:unμan kgT½BExμrRkhmk¾)ak;T½Brt;cUléRBGs;. bnÞab;mk<br />

RbCaCnTaMgGs;)annaMKñaQb;eFVIkar rYceFVIdMeNIrRtLb;mk<br />

lMenAzanerog²xøÜnvij. eFVIdMeNIrmkdl;fμeKal RKÜsar<br />

rbs; Ebn nag k¾Qb;sRmakenATIenaHmYyyb;. dUcEdl<br />

«Bukmþay)anKitEmn RKÜsarrbs; Ebn nag k¾)anTTYl<br />

dMNwgfa GñkEdlsñak;enAPUmiGnøg;runmin)anbnþdMeNIreTAmux<br />

KWRtÚvExμrRkhmykeTAsmøab;ecalTaMgGs;. enAtampøÚv<br />

Catielx5eTAkan;PUmicmáarsMerag RKÜsarrbs; Ebn nag<br />

)aneXIjsaksBs¥úyrlYyCaeRcInenAtamdgpøÚv.<br />

eBlmkdl;PUmi pÞHrbs; Ebn nag manRbCaCn<br />

epSgeTotcUlmkrs;enAcMnYnbYnRKÜsar. b:uEnþmYyry³<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

eRkaymk pÞHenHenAEtRKÜsarrbs; Ebn nag b:ueNÑaH eRBaH<br />

bIRKÜsareTot)anbnþdMeNIreTARbeTsTIbIGs;ehIy. eRkay<br />

BIRbeTserobcM)anRtwmRtÚvehIy «Bukrbs; Ebn nag RtÚv<br />

)aneRCIserIs[eFVICaGnuRbFansgáat;enAPUmicmáarsMerag2<br />

XMucmáarsMerag Rsuk)at;dMbg ¬TIrYmextþ¦ extþ)at;dMbg.<br />

enAqñaM1990 Ebn nag )anRbLg)ak;DubCab;enA<br />

viTüal½ymunIvgS rYcbnþkarsikSaEpñkGkSrsa®sþExμrenA<br />

sklviTüal½yPñMeBj. Ebn nag cUlcitþmuxviC¢aenHCaxøaMg<br />

BIeRBaHKat;cUlcitþGaneRcIn. eRkayBIeroncb;enAsakl<br />

viTüal½yPñMeBj Ebn nag )anecjeTAbeRgónenAviTüal½y<br />

enty:g; extþ)at;dMbgvij. mYyqñaMeRkaymk Ebn nag )an<br />

pøas;mkeFVIkarenAviTüasßanRsavRCavviTüasa®sþ ¬sBVéf<br />

naykdæanGPivDÆkmμviFIsikSa¦ edaykan;EpñkbNÑal½y.<br />

mYyry³eRkaymk Ebn nag k¾bþÚrmkeFVIkarEpñkkariyal½y<br />

RsavRCav nigvaytémø. kargarTaMgenHmankarlM)akCag<br />

kargarmunbnþic eRBaHRtÚvelIkKeRmagcuHeFVIetstamsasa<br />

edaysresrCaGtßbT b¤kRmgsMNYredIm,Isrsrr)ay<br />

karN_GMBIcMNucxøaMg nigcMNucexSay ¬Tak;TgRKÚnigsisSGMBI<br />

kmμviFIsikSarbs;sala¦. elIsBIenHeTAeTot Ebn nag<br />

RtÚvniBn§esovePAsRmab;beRgónsisSral;éfeTot.<br />

eBlkøayCaRKÚbegÁalfñak;Cati Ebn nag sb,ay<br />

citþCaxøaMgEdl)ancUlrYmpSBVpSay[ekμgCMnan;eRkay)an<br />

dwgfarbbExμrRkhmBitCaekItmaneLIgEmn. Ebn nag<br />

yl;fa kardak;bBa©ÚlesovePARbvtþisa®sþkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

Gwm m:g; kñ úgqñaM2009<br />

Gwm m:g; GtItRKÚbeRgónrbs;GñkniBn§esovePA<br />

Rbvtþisa®sþkm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

clacl m:g; nigb¥ÚnRbúseQμaH em:n mankarPitP½y<br />

ya:gxøaMg edaysarrt;vegVg«Bukmþay nigKμanGaharhUb.<br />

ry³eBldb;éfeRkaymkeTIb)anCYb«BukmþayenAfñl;kñúgXMu<br />

Kus extþtaEkv rYc m:g; nigRkúmRKÜsar)anRtLb;mkRsuk<br />

kMeNItvij.<br />

enAqñaM1980 «Bukmþayrbs; m:g; )an[ m:g; cUl<br />

eronfñak;TI1rhUt)anRbLgCab;CaRKÚbeRgónenAsaklviTüa<br />

l½yPUminÞPñMeBj EpñksIlFm’-BlrdæviTüa. rhUtdl;qñaM<br />

1993 m:g; )anbBa©b;karsikSa ehIyRtÚveTAbeRgónenA<br />

salaviTüal½yRBHmhakSRtiyanIkusum³EdlmanTItaMgsßit<br />

enAPUmiRtBaMgRBIg XuMRkecH RsukcitþburI extþRkecH EdlCa<br />

GtItsalarbs;sisSeQμaH DI xaMbUlI ¬GñkniBn§esovePA<br />

Rbvtþisa®sþkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

j:úk Buy³ rkeXIjb¥ÚnRbúsenAmnÞIrs-21<br />

bnÞab;BIkarBüayamsaCafμIedImI,EsVgrkB½t’manBIb¥Ún<br />

Rbúsrbs;Kat;EdlmaneQμaH j:úk Buy TIbMput Ka Cag<br />

)anrkeXIjCIvRbvtþinigrUbftb¥ÚnRbúsrbs;Kat;enAkñúg<br />

Éksarrbs;mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

nig[KaMRTExμrRkhmkñúgkarEsVgrksgÁmbrisuT§mYyEdlehA<br />

fa sgÁml¥\tex©aH. karKaMRTBIRbCaCnecjBIvNѳksikr<br />

nigkmμkr)anCYy[ExμrRkhmdeNþImTIRkúgPñMeBjehIyRKb;<br />

RKgRbeTskm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

Duc Cag k¾)anmkmCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

karrkeXIjsnþiPaBenAmNÐlekμgkMRBa vtþGUreBat<br />

kñúgqñaM2007 ´)anmkkan;RbeTskm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

nigykeTAsmøab;. eTaHbICaekμg²CaeRcInCasisSqøatk¾eday<br />

k¾PaBTn;exSayénRbB½n§Gb;rM)anbNþal[RKÚbeRgónminyk<br />

citþTukdak; ehIykarsUk)a:n;k¾RtÚvtRmÚv[manedIm,IeLIgfñak;.<br />

evy )anEckrMElkeyabl;R)ab;´fa sisSEdlBUEkCageK<br />

GacnwgTTYl)annUv»kasedIm,IEsVgrkGaharUbkrN_eTAsikSa<br />

enAbreTs. b:uEnþsisSEdlmanpÞúkemeraKeGds_nwgminGac<br />

eQagcab;yknUv»kasenH)aneT BIeRBaHfasisSEdlman<br />

pÞúkemeraKeGds_minRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[eFIVdMeNIrecjeRkABI<br />

RbeTskmr RtÚv)anedaH<br />

Elgmkvij nagRtÚv)anbgçM[erobkar. G>r )anrs;enACa<br />

mYysVamIEdlerobkaredaybgçMenaHGs;mYyry³ muneBl<br />

G>r )anrt;eKcxøÜnmþgeTot. G>r )anrt;eLIgLankak)aT<br />

RkhmmYyEdlnaMnagmkkan;CMrMCnePosxøÜnCab;RBMEdn<br />

RbeTséf. enACMrM G>r )anCYbCamYynwgGnaKtsVamIrbs;<br />

Kat;eLIgvij Edl)annaMKat;mkkan;RbeTsGaemrik.<br />

xN³eBlEdlRtÚv)ansYrfaetI G>r Kity:agdUcemþc<br />

cMeBaHtulakarExμrRkhm? G>r )anniyayfaRbsinebI´<br />

30 mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

)ansYrKat;kalBIR)aMmYyqñaMmun enaH G>r cg; «kac;k b:ul Bt<br />

ecal »Etmþg. PaBtantwgvibtþipøÚvcitþeRkayrbbExμrRkhm<br />

mansßanPaBFn;FrNas;kñúgcMeNamRbCaCnEdlrs;ranman<br />

CIvitBIrbbExμrRkhm. eBlrs;enARbeTsGaemrik G>r<br />

)anCYbBiPakSaBIrebobEdlKat;RtÚv)anpþl;[nUvkarENnaM<br />

sþIBIkarTb;sáat;PaBtantwgpøÚvcitþ EdlminmanRbsiT§PaBedIm,I<br />

Büa)alPaBQWcab;rbs;Kat;eLIy. y:agNamij éfenH<br />

tamry³karBüa)al nigkarpþÜcepþImedayxøÜnÉgGs;ry³eBl<br />

eRcInqñaMmk G>r GacQandl;karpSHpSaCamYynwgGtItkal<br />

rbs;Kat; ehIyGacRtLb;mkkan;RbeTskmr )anmkelgRbeTskmr dwgfaKat;GacRtLb;mkkan;TIenHmþgeTot<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

nigpþl;CMnYykñúgshKmn_EdlCapÞHrbs;Kat;rhUtmk.<br />

tamkarqøúHbBa©aMgBIeBlevlarbs;´enARbeTskm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

EsVgyl;GMBIeKhTMB½rXøaMemIlkarvivDÆrbs;<br />

GgÁCMnuMCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa®sþnigkarRsavRCav<br />

xusRtÚvEpñkRBhμTNÐcMeBaHbTRkidæTaMgLayEdlRbRBwtþeLIg<br />

eTAtam «Epnkar]RkidærYm » EdlPasaGg;eKøsehAfa<br />

«Common Criminal Plan ». dUecñHeyIgGaccUleTArk<br />

dMeNIrkarnItiviFIepSg²énGgÁCMnMuCRmH ¬TRIAL PROCEED-<br />

INGS¦ b¤bTGtßaFib,ayrbs;GñkCMnaj ¬COMMENTARY¦<br />

edIm,IEsVgyl;fa etIecARkm)anseRmcya:gdUcemþccMeBaH<br />

karEdlykRTwsþIenHmkGnuvtþenAcMeBaHmuxG>v>t>k? etIman<br />

PaKIepSgeTotEdrb¤eTEdlmaneyabl;eTAelIbBaðaenH?<br />

]TahrN_mYyeTot RbsinebIeyIgmincg;cMNay<br />

eBlevlaeRcInedIm,IemIlvIedGUsvnakarEdlRbRBwtþeLIg<br />

eBjmYyéfEdlGaccMNayeBlBI6eTA8em:agenaH eyIg<br />

GaccUleTAkñúgEpñkr)aykarN_RbcaMéfGMBIsvnakar<br />

¬BLOG¦. kñúgEpñkenH eyIgmanGñkXøaMemIlsvnakarmñak;<br />

EdlRtÚv)anbBa¢Ún[eTAGgÁúyenAkñúgbnÞb;svnakarpÞal;<br />

bnÞab;mkGñkXøaMemIlenHsresrr)aykarN_xøImYyEdl<br />

erobrab;GMBIxøwmsarsMxan;²TaMgLayTak;Tinnwgsvnakar<br />

eBjmYyéfenaHEtmþg. r)aykarN_EbbenHmanCaPasa<br />

ExμreTotpg.<br />

eKhTMB½rXøaMemIlkarvivDÆrbs;GgÁCMnuMCRmHvisamBaØ<br />

kñúgtulakarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab;<br />

karTTYl)annUvyutþiFm’ nigkarpSHpSaCati<br />

enAkm


EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab;<br />

ecjBI«Bukmþay nigRBHsgÇecjBITIvtþGar:am. Exμr<br />

RkhmEdldwknaMeday b:ul Bt CabuKÁlqáÜtella nigminKYr<br />

[TukcitþenaH)anpøas;bþÚrnigbgákarxUcxatdl;vis½yvb,Fm’<br />

sgÁm neya)ay esdækic© nigsasnaenAelITwkdIkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab;<br />

nigCatiTaMgmUlenAkñúgRbeTskm


EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab;<br />

sMNak;RbCaCnrab;Ban;nak;Edls¥b;ex


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab;<br />

bgçMRbCaCnTaMgenaH[cakecjBITIRkúgeTArs;enAtamTI<br />

CnbTedIm,IeFVIkargarERscmáar. enAkñúgkarCemøósenaH<br />

manRbCaCncMnYnBIrlannak; EdlcMnYnenHekIneLIgeday<br />

sarmanRbCaCncMnYnRbmaNR)aMmYyEsnnak; Edl)an)at;<br />

bg;pÞHsEm,gedaysarkarTmøak;RKab;Ebk )ancUlmkTIRkúg<br />

edIm,IRCkekan taMgBImuneBlmans®gÁam. minmankarelIk<br />

ElgNamYyeLIy KWRtÚvCemøósecjTaMgGs; sUm,IEtenA<br />

tammnÞIreBTü nigTIvtþGar:am ehIyebImankarCMTas; nwgRtÚv<br />

smøab;ecal. RbCaCnrab;Ban;nak;)ansøab;enAeBlCemøós<br />

edaysarCMgW dUcCa®sþImanépÞeBaHRtÚv)ansøab;enAeBl<br />

begáItkUnedayKμankarCYyse®gÁaH QWsøab;edaysarKμan<br />

fñaMBüa)al nigekμgtUc²nigcas;Crasøab;edaysarkareFVI<br />

dMeNIrqayEtmñak;Ég.<br />

kug sYr KWCaRBHsgÇmYyGgÁenATIRkúgPñMeBj muneBl<br />

EdlExμrRkhmcUlmkdl;TIRkúgPñMeBj. haMg eg:a KWCaRKÚ<br />

eBTüeFVIkarBak;kNþaléfenAkñúgrbb ln; nl;. GñkTaMg<br />

BIrsuT§EtenAPñMeBjeBlEdlExμrRkhmCemøósRbCaCn<br />

ecjBITIRkúgenAéfTI17 Exemsa. kug sYr )anrMB£keLIg<br />

vijfa RBHsgÇCaeRcInGgÁeTot RBmTaMgrUbKat;BuM)anKitfa<br />

karCemøósKWsMedAdl;RBHsgÇEdreT b:uEnþbnÞab;BIecjbBa¢a<br />

BIrdgkñúgry³eBlBIrbIem:agenaH ExμrRkhmniyayfa RBHsgÇ<br />

TaMgGs;RtÚvCemøósecjBIvtþ ebImindUecñaHRBHsgÇGacenA<br />

TINak¾)an b:uEnþnwgRtÚvsmøab;. enAkñúgesovePA Gñkrs;CIvit<br />

BivalBiXad (Survival in the Killing Fields) evC¢bNÐit haMg ega:<br />

)anniyayGMBIkarCemøósrbs;Kat; enAeBlkMBugeFVIkarvHkat;<br />

ehIyerobrab;GMBI\riyabfrbs;kmμaPi)alExμrRkhm eBl<br />

CemøósmnusSecjBIbnÞb;vHkat;enaHfa «manGVImü:agbgáb;<br />

enAkñúgkMhwgrbs;kgkmμaPi)alTaMgenaH. dUcCamanGVI)an<br />

ekIteLIgcMeBaHeK bnÞab;BIrs;enAkñúgéRBry³eBlb:unμanqñaM<br />

enH. mnusSTaMgenHRtÚv)anEkERbGs;eTAehIy. eKmin<br />

EmnExμrEdl´Føab;sÁal;enaHeT KWExμrEdlmanGtþcriteGon<br />

eRbón x¢ilbnþic b:uEnþsuPaBrabsar ».<br />

karCemøósmnusSecjBIPñMeBj nigTIRbCuMCnnanaenA<br />

km


EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab;<br />

vijCaCagGPivDÆn_xagEpñkviTüasa®sþb¤karCMruj[eRbIR)as;<br />

eRKÓgcRkenaHeT. EpnkarenHmin)anBnül;GMBIfaetI<br />

]sSahkmμFunRsalenaHeFVIeLIgedayrebobNaeLIy<br />

edayKitEtBICMruj[)anplRsUvEtb:ueNÑaH. ]TahrN_fa<br />

eragcRkRtÚvplitm:asIuneRbIR)as;sRmab;RbB½n§Twk b:uEnþ<br />

«etIsarFatuedImsRmab;eFVIm:asIunenH)anmkBINa b¤tam<br />

rebobNa ehIyk¾min)anbBa¢ak;GMBIfvika nigkmøaMgRtÚvkar<br />

Edr ». ExμrRkhmGacRKb;RKgGMNac)anPaKeRcInmkBIkar<br />

lak;)aMgnUvGtþsBaØaNbkSkumμúynIsþrbs;xøÜn EdldwknaM<br />

pþac;karkñúgeKalbMNgelIktemáIgesdækic©tamry³GgÁkar<br />

d¾Gaf’kM)aMg. edaysarEtPaBGaf’kM)aMgnigCMenOEdlKμan<br />

ehtuplenHehIyEdlnaM[bkSkmμúynIsþkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab;<br />

Edlmanrh½snamfabgFMTImYyenaHk¾)anniyayGMBIeKal<br />

bMNgénkarlak;karN_enHKWedaysarmanKN³RbtiPUmkBI<br />

RbeTsdaNWm:ak;mkeFVITsSnkic©enAkñúgrbbkm


EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

Duc minGacbMpøajmnusSCati)aneT<br />

karbiTbNþwgCMTas;tv:akñúgsMNMuerOg kaMg ehÁkG‘av<br />

ehA Duc EdlcMNayeBlGs;mYys)þarh_)anRbkasCa<br />

lT§plenAéfenHEdlRbkbeTAedayesckþIEføgkarN_d¾Evg<br />

rbs;emFavICatinigGnþrCatitMNag[PaKITaMgbYnRkúménPaKI<br />

rdæb,evNIsrubTaMgGs;manCnrgeRKaHcMnYn90nak;. kñúg<br />

bnÞb;svnakarkkkujeTAedayGñkRsuk GñkPUmimkBItMbn;<br />

nanakñúgRbeTs nigCnrgeRKaHtMNag[PaKIrrdæb,evNIxøH<br />

nigCnbreTsmYycMnYntUc. RkúmtMNag[sgÁmsIuvilnig<br />

sarB½t’manGnþrCatik¾manvtþmankñúg»kasenaHEdr. elak<br />

RsI xar:Ul r:dnI ÉkGKÁrdæTUtshrdæGaemrikRbcaMkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

rMB£kdl;emFavIPaKIrdæb,evNIfaRtÚvEteFVIesckþIEføgkarN_<br />

edayGnuelameTAtamviFanTI23. elak nil Nun )an<br />

GHGagfa svnakarenAeBlRBwk)ancakqayecjBIviFan<br />

Edl)anEcg. cMENkÉkartv:aenAeBlresolemIleTA<br />

dUcCaeFVIeTAtamkarENnaMrbs; elak nil Nun. eBlevla<br />

EdlemFavIedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIedIm,IerobcMkarepþateTAelI<br />

kic©karéfenHeTAelIplRbeyaCn_kUnkþIrbs;xøÜn ehIytRmÚv<br />

[mankaredaHRsaybBaðakñúgPaBsmRsb ´yl;eXIjfa<br />

CaerOgmYyKYr[PJak;ep¥IlEdlemFavIxøHmin)anerobcMnigeFVI<br />

esckþIEføgkarN_[manRbsiT§PaBCagenH.<br />

Rkúm1<br />

RBHraCGaCJamñak; elak<br />

karIm xan; EdlecHPasa<br />

Gg;eKøsy:ageRCARCH)an<br />

eFVIesckþIEføgkarN_ebIkvKÁ<br />

sRmab;PaKIrdæb,evNIRkúm<br />

mYyEdlmansmaCik35<br />

elak karIm xan;<br />

rUb. elak karIm xan; min<br />

)aneFVIkarbgðajsvnakar<br />

Duc TaMgRsugeTehIyKat;)anTTYlsÁal;kic©karrbs;shemFavI<br />

rbs;Kat;edaymanelak GaLaMg eveNI mkBIRbeTssVIs<br />

¬GvtþmanéfenH¦ elakemFavI éRbGiun em:kháÚnIKl mkBI<br />

shrdæGaemrik nig TI RsIuNa CaemFavIExμrEdleLIgniyay<br />

bnÞab;BIelak karIm xan;. elak)anniyayedaykþIeKarBeTA<br />

kan;ecARkmTaMgR)aMrUb ehIy)anniyayedayBaküeBcn_<br />

manxøwmsar. elakTTYlsÁal;fa mankarcab;epþImCaelIk<br />

dMbUgCaeRcInenAkñúgGgÁsvnakarenHrYmmantulakarGnþrCati<br />

CaelIkdMbUgEdlPaKIrdæb,evNImantYnaTIy:agsMxan;enAkñúg<br />

dMeNIrkarsvnakar. elakk¾)aneFVIkarBnül;pgEdrfa<br />

eTaHbICamanbBaðaminRbRktInigl¥ekItecjBItMNagPaKIrdæ<br />

b,evNIenAkñúgdMeNIrkarsvnakark¾eday k¾kic©karrbs;BYkeK<br />

TaMgenaHRtÚv)anbMeBjkñúgbuBVehtuy:agl¥kñúgeKalbMNg<br />

c,as;las;edIm,IeFVI[dMeNIrkarenHRbRBwtþeTAedayl¥RbesIr<br />

edayPaKIkm


EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

enH)aneFVI[elak karIm xan; eFVIkarbdiesF. elak karIm<br />

xan; )anbdiesFfa Duc )anRbQmmuxCamYyRBHraCGaCJa<br />

cMnYn5nak; ehIyedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIk¾minEmnCaRBHraCGaCJa<br />

Edr. BYkeKmin)anTTYlR)ak;]btßmÖBItulakareT. enHKW<br />

CakrNImYyeTaHbICaviFanCamUldæanenAkñúgc,ab;siT§imnusS<br />

GnþrCatiEdlkñúgenaHsiT§iKYrEtGnuBaØat[manTaMgkñúgkar<br />

GnuvtþnigTaMgkareFVI[manRbsiT§PaBedayminmanPaBqÁaMqÁg.<br />

elak karIm xan; )anbBa¢ak;eTotfa PaKIrdæb,evNImankar<br />

xVHxatnUvFnFandUcCaRBHraCGaCJanigemFavIkarBar eday<br />

bBa¢ak;fa PaBminesμIPaBKñaKWCabBaðamYyEdlminmankarcat;<br />

Tuk[)anl¥RbesIrsRmab;PaKIrdæb,evNICaCagkarbegIát<br />

nUvlT§PaBedaypþl;rfynþsRmab;PaKIkarBarkþI.<br />

elak karIm xan; )aneFVIkarsnñidæanGMBIesckþIEføgkarN_<br />

CaelIkdMbUgrbs;Kat;edayeFVIkarrMB£kdl;ecARkmfa kar<br />

TTYlyknUvkarecaTRbkan;rbs; Duc mintRmÚv[fa karecaT<br />

Rbkan;TaMgGs;enaHRtÚv)anbgðajenAcMeBaHmuxCnCab;ecaT<br />

enaHeT. elak karIm xan; )anbEnßmeTotfa ecARkmRtÚv<br />

EteFVIkarBinitüP½sþútageLIgvijfaetIGVIEdl Duc )ansarPaB<br />

CakarBitEdrb¤eT. elak karIm xan; )anbEnßmfa enAeBl<br />

EdlP½sþútaMgTaMgGs;RtÚv)anBinitüeLIgvij enaHnwgbgðaj<br />

nUvkarsnñidæanEtmYyKt;KW ³ kñúgkrNIsMxan;nigBiess Duc<br />

)anEsVgrknUvkarminTTYlxusRtÚvnigbnßynUvtYnaTIrbs;Kat;.<br />

eRkaymk emFavIExμrRbcaMRkúmmYy kBaØa TI RsIuNa<br />

)aneLIgmanmti. enAeBlEdl TI RsIuNa cab;epþImniyay<br />

RBHsgÇcMnYnbIGgÁkñúgs,g;BN’TwkRkÚc)ancUlkñúgbnÞb;<br />

svnakar EdleFVI[esckþIEføgenaHkan;EtmancMNab;GarmμN_<br />

Cagmun. TI RsIuNa )anerobrab;GMBItYnaTIrbs;edImbNþwg<br />

rdæb,evNIkñúgkarKas;kkayrkkarBiténbT]Rkidæ. edIm<br />

bNþwgrdæb,evNITaMgGs;)anTTYlrgnUvkarQWcab;d¾FMeFg<br />

eBjmYyCIvit. TI RsIuNa )anbEnßmeTotfa ebIsinCaCnrg<br />

eRKaHTaMgenaHmin)ancUlrYmkñúgdMeNIkarkat;eTasenHeTenaH<br />

GgÁsvnakarnwgmankarlM)akkñúgkarvas;sÞg;emIlTMhMénbT<br />

]RkidænigTukçevTnaenAmnÞIrs-21. eKalbMNgrbs;Cnrg<br />

eRKaHTaMgGs;enHKWedIm,IEsVgrkyutþiFm’sRmab;BYkeKnig<br />

sRmab;mnusSCaTIRsLaj;Edl)an)at;bg;eTA. GaNtiþ<br />

rbs;tulakarKWedIm,ICYyPaKIrdæb,evNITaMgGs;enHbn§Úr<br />

bnßynUvPaBQWcab; nigTukçesakevTna.<br />

edaysarEtCnrgeRKaHenAmnÞIrs-21minRtÚv)an<br />

R)ab;GMBIkMhusrbs;xøÜnenAeBlEdlBYkKat;RtÚv)ancab;xøÜn<br />

edayExμrRkhm tulakarenH)anpþl;»kaskñúgkarEsVgrk<br />

karBitnigFanafayutþiFm’nwgRtÚv)anpþl;CUn. ehtuGVI)anCa<br />

CnrgeRKaHTaMgenaHRtÚv)ancab;xøÜn? tulakarenHk¾man<br />

tYnaTIkñúgkarbRgÜbbRgÜmCatipgEdr. eRkaymk TI RsIuNa )an<br />

bnþerobrab;GMBIcMnYnedImbNþwg<br />

rdæb,evNICaeRcInnak;enA<br />

kñúgRkúmmYy nigCnrgeRKaH<br />

CaeRcIneTotenATYlEsøg<br />

Edl)aneFVICaGñktMNag.<br />

kBaØa TI Rsu INa<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

karerobrab;rbs; TI RsIuNa<br />

RtÚv)anbgðajrYcehIyenA<br />

GMLúgeBlénkareFVIskçIkmμelIkdMbUg. b:uEnþ TI RsIuNa )an<br />

eFVIkarerobrab;y:agEvgEdleFVI[sIueBlCaeRcInsRmab;<br />

Rkúm1 EdlCaehtueFVI[ TI RsIuNa RtÚvEtGaneQμaHCnrg<br />

eRKaHedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIy:agjab;edaymin)anerobrab;<br />

[)anlm¥itGMBIB½t’manEdlTak;TgeTAnwgCnrgeRKaHTaMgenaH<br />

pgeT. esckþIEføgkarN_rbs; TI RsIuNa nig elak karIm xan;<br />

bgðajfa GñkTaMgBIrmin)aneRtómBaküeBcn_niyay nigeBl<br />

evlakñúg»kasbiTbNþwgtv:aenH[)anl¥RKb;RCúgeRCayeT<br />

sRmab;Rkúm1. PaBxVHsNþab;Fñab;)anekItmaneLIg. TI<br />

RsIuNa )anbBa©b;esckþIEføgkarN_y:agRbjab;edaybBa¢ak;<br />

nUvcMNucsMxan;fa ÉksarCaeRcInEdlbgðajGMBITMnak;TMng<br />

rvagedImbNþwgrdæb,evNInigCnrgeRKaHCaeRcInRtÚv)an<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

bMpøajenAkñúgrbbExμrRkhm ehIynigenAeBleRkayeTot.<br />

TI RsIuNa )anBnül;fa xøÜnk¾manpllM)akkñúgkareqøIytbeTA<br />

nwgkartv:anigkarsYredjedalrbs;emFavIkarBarkþIEdr.<br />

eRkaymk elak karIm xan; )aneRkakeLIgniyay<br />

sRmab;RkúmmYyCarebobEføgkarN_edaysIueBlGs;CitémÖ<br />

naTI. smþIrbs;elak karIm xan; enHehIyEdleFVI[elak<br />

RbFan nil Nun nwkeXIjeLIgvijEdlbnþiceRkaymk)an<br />

RBmanemFavIedImbNþwgrdæb,evNI[rkSanUvbribTrbs;xøÜn[<br />

RsbtamviFan23. elak karIm xan; )anbgðajnUvCMnajCak;<br />

c,as;rbs;xøÜndUcxøÜnKat;CaRBHCaGaCJaEdlRbqaMgnwg Duc<br />

G‘IcwgEdr. xN³eBlEdlkarKaMRTsRmab;RBHraCGaCJaKWCa<br />

EpñkmYyénviFan23 ecARkmhak;bIdUcCamankarsÞak;esÞIr<br />

kñúgkarcat;TukemFavIedImbNþwgrdæb,evNICakarlUkédeRCA<br />

cUleTAkñúgbBaðabT]Rkidærbs;CnCab;ecaT.<br />

elak karIm xan; )anelIkykbBaðaGMBIkartv:arbs;<br />

Duc EdlfaKat;minmansiT§isV½yseRmceTenAmnÞIrs-21<br />

KWfaKat;RKan;EtCa]bkrN_mYyb:ueNÑaH. vaKWCaCMrMEdlnaM<br />

mnusSeTArkesckþIsøab;dwknaMeday Duc. Duc min)aneRbIsiT§i<br />

sV½yseRmcrbs;xøÜnedIm,Ikat;bnßyPaBQWcab;rbs;Gñk<br />

eTasTaMgenaHeLIy. elak karIm xan;)anGHGagy:agc,as;fa<br />

«minmankarCYyse®gÁaH)aneTenAcMeBaHmux Duc ». Duc KWCa<br />

mnusSmñak;EdlmankarebþCJacitþemaHmutcMeBaHkargar.<br />

elak karIm xan; bEnßmfa b:uEnþGVIEdlKat;GacseRmc)anKW<br />

minEmnEtcMeBaHmnÞIrs-21EtmYyenaHeT. yuT§nakar<br />

énkarbMPitbMP½ynigTaruNkmμEdl Duc )andwknaMenAmnÞIr<br />

s-21 )anCH\T§iBldl;karekIteLIgnUvCMgWpøÚvcitþnigkar<br />

minTukcitþKñaTUTaMgRbeTsenAkñúgCYrdwknaMbkS ehIy)anbegáIt<br />

nUvvdþcRkEdlnaM[mankarcab;xøÜnkan;EteRcIneLIg²<br />

ehIymnusSCaeRcInrUbRtÚv)aneFVITaruNkmμedIm,ITTYlyk<br />

cemøIysarPaBEdlxusBIkarBit ehIycemøIysarPaBenaH<br />

)andak;bnÞúkeTAelIGñkepSgeTotrhUtdl;mankarcab;xøÜnCa<br />

bnþbnÞab;eTot. Duc )aneFVIkic©karTaMgGs;enHedaysarEt<br />

Kat;manmenaKmn_viC¢adUcKñaeTAnwgPaBCaGñkdwknaMEdr. enHmin<br />

EmnedaysarEtKat;cg;køayxøÜnCaEpñkmYyrbs;Rkúmd¾man<br />

GMNacmYyenaHeT EtKat;kareFVIEbbenHKWedIm,IsuvtßiPaB<br />

pÞal;xøÜnrbs;Kat;.<br />

elak karIm xan; bnþfa P½sþútag)anbBa¢ak;c,as;<br />

edayxøÜnÉgehIy. GMLúgeBlénPaBvwkvreBlEdlkgT½B<br />

evotNamlukluycUlmk Kat;GacmanCeRmIseday[<br />

GñkeTasrt;eKc)an Et Duc EbrCasmøab;GñkeTasTaMgenaH<br />

eTAvij. Duc )anbBa¢ak;nUvPaBqøatévkñúgkaredaHRsay<br />

bBaðakalBIKat;enAekμgv½ykñúgkRmitviTüal½y ehIyKat;<br />

)aneFVIkic©karenAÉmnÞIrs-21edaybMNgcg;eFVI. Duc Gac<br />

manTMnukcitþRKb;RKan;kñúgkarraykarN_eTAfñak;elIEdlCaGñk<br />

dwgGMBIGVIEdlKat;)anesñICUn. enAeBlEdlemFavIkarBarkþI<br />

sVHEsVgrkkarbnßytYnaTIrbs; Duc emFavIkarBarkþImin)an<br />

niyayBICeRmIsEdlGacnaM[mankarbnßytYnaTIrbs;Duc<br />

eT. KμanÉksarNamYybBa¢ak;BI Duc TTYlyksNæanénkar<br />

eFVITaruNkmμBIsßab½nNamYyeLIy EtKat;)anerobcMtak;Etg<br />

RbB½n§d¾manlkçN³sahavnigéRBépSEdl)anGnuvtþenAmnÞIr<br />

m-13 ehIyeRkaymkeRbIR)as;enAmnÞIrs-21. Duc<br />

)anGHGagbBa¢ak;fa Kat;)andak;GñkeTascUlkñúgreNþA<br />

enAmnÞIrm-13edIm,IeKcBIkarTmøak;RKab;Ebkrbs;Gaemrik<br />

EttamkarBityuT§nakarTmøak;RKab;Ebk)anbBa©b;rYceTA<br />

ehIy. elak karIm xan; )anniyaybnþeTotfa PaBmin<br />

yl;Rsb)anekItmaneLIgenAeBlEdl Duc BüayamEkERb<br />

nigbnßytYnaTIrbs;xøÜnenAkñúglkçN³minGacTTYlyk)an.<br />

Duc min)andak;Bin½ydl;snþisuxEdlbBa¢a[GñkeTassIu<br />

lamkxøÜnÉgeT. elak karIm xan; )anGHGagy:agc,as;<br />

bEnßmfa vaCaerOgd¾ellaEdl Duc )anR)ab;RkúmsYrcemøIy<br />

bBa¢aeTAelIGñkeTas[KUrrUbstVEqá ehIy[GñkeTaseKarB<br />

rUbPaBenaHkñúgeKalbMNgcat;TukGñkeTassßitkñúgsPaB<br />

Gn;CagstVenaHeTAeTot.<br />

elak karIm xan; )anbBa¢ak;bEnßmfa eTaHCa Duc )an<br />

44 mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

bgðajnUvvib,disarIkñúgcMNuctUcNamYyk¾eday enAeBl<br />

EdlnrNamñak;eFVIkareRbóbeFobnUvGVIEdlKat;)ansarPaB<br />

enAkñúgGgÁsvnakarGMBIkarBitnigKMrUénkarbRgÜbbRgÜm<br />

karelIkElgeTaseRkamynþkarEbbenHRtÚv)anpþl;CUn)an<br />

luHRtaEtsakSI)ansarPaBnUvkarBitnigvib,disarIBitR)akd<br />

b:ueNÑaH. elak karIm xan; )anGgVrdl;ecARkm[<br />

«Rbtikmμ »<br />

cMeBaHkarBitEdl Duc min)aneFVIdUcbTdæanxagelIenaH.<br />

elak karIm xan; )anbEnßmfa yuT§sa®sþrbs; Duc KWedIm,I<br />

bMPan;tulakar. elak karIm xan; )anbBa©b;esckþIEføg<br />

karN_edayesñIeTAecARkmedIm,I[eFVIkarBicarNaeTAelI<br />

P½sþútagedayykcitþTukdak;bBa¢ak;fa karBitmincaM)ac;tRmÚv<br />

[ykmYyesnmkCYsCulnUvkarQWcab;eT. b:uEnþkarBit<br />

KWmantémø\t]bmasRmab;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNI. elak<br />

karIm xan; )anesñIecARkm[emIleXIjBIkMhusrbs; Duc<br />

cMeBaHbTEdl)anecaTRbkan;.<br />

Rkúm 2<br />

bnÞab;BIrg;caMmYysnÞúH<br />

emFavIRkúm2 elakRsI<br />

sIulek sÞúd hSIúnsÁI mkBI<br />

RbeTsGaløWm:g;)anerobrab;<br />

BICIvitpÞal;xøÜnrbs;Kat;kñúg<br />

namCaBlrdæmñak;EdlFøab;<br />

elakRsI su Ilek sÞ údhSú InsÁ I<br />

qøgkat;erOgr:avGtItkal<br />

rbs;RbeTsGaløWm:g;. eTaH<br />

CamantulakarnUr:meb‘Íkk¾eday k¾GMeBIéRBépSenAEtekItman<br />

dEdlcab;taMgBIs®gÁamelakelIkTI2mk. elakRsIman<br />

CMenOfa svnakar Duc nwgbBaÄb;nUvcenøaHRbehagénniTÞNÐPaB<br />

EdlekItmaneLIgkñúgRbvtþisa®sþfμI²enH CaBiesscMeBaH<br />

ehtukarN_EdlekIteLIgkñúgCMnan; b:ul Bt. elakRsInig<br />

Rkúmrbs;Kat;tMNag[edImbNþwgrdæb,evNI cMnYn17nak;enA<br />

kñúgRkúm2. edImbNþwgrdæb,evNIRtÚvEtedaHRsayCamYyGVI<br />

Edl)anekIteLIgCaerogral;éf. ehtuGIV)anCaCnrgeRKaH<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

RtÚv)ancab;dak;KuknigTTYlTaruNkmμenAeBlEdlCnrg<br />

eRKaHTaMgenaHKμankMhusGVIesaH? etICnrgeRKaHTaMgenaH<br />

RtÚv)ansYrcemøIyedayviFINa ehIyedaynrNa? etICnrg<br />

eRKaHTaMgenaHRtÚv)ansmøab;edayviFINa? edaynrNa?<br />

tulakarminGaceqøIysMNYrTaMgGs;enaH)aneT b:uEnþedIm<br />

bNþwgrdæb,evNIEdlTTYlrgnUvkarrMxanxagpøÚvGarmμN_eBj<br />

mYyCIvitenaHTamTar[bkRsaynUvkarBitTaMgGs;enaH.<br />

tulakarKWCaviFIsa®sþEtmYyKt;kñúgkarsßabnakitüanuPaB<br />

rbs;CnrgeRKaHeLIgvij. elakRsI)anerobrab;erOgr:av<br />

GtIkalrbs;PaKIrdæb,evNIcMnYn9nak;EdlelakRsIeFVICa<br />

GñktMNagEdlCnrgeRKaHTaMg9nak;enaHmin)ancUlmkkñúg<br />

tulakareT.<br />

bnÞab;mk elakRsI sÞÚdhSIúnsÁI )aneFVIkarriHKn;<br />

y:agxøaMgdl;ecARkm ehIyniyayBIGVIEdlecARkmmin)an<br />

edaHRsay[)anl¥RbesIrcMeBaHPaKIrdæb,evNI. elakRsI<br />

)anecaTecARkmfaminmansmancitþcMeBaHTukçesakevTna<br />

rbs;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNI. elakRsIniyayfa «GrKuN »<br />

KWCaBaküBIrm:at;Etmann½yeRcInNas; EtecARkmminEdl<br />

niyayBaküenHecjmkTal;EtesaHcMeBaHedImbNþwg<br />

rdæb,evNI. K~ankarykcitþTukdak;RKb;RKan;faetIedImbNþwg<br />

rdæb,evNITTYlnUvGarmμN_b:HTgÁicpøÚvcitþb:unNa ehIyetI<br />

CnrgeRKaHmin)ansRmanþlk;y:agNamunnwgmkpþl;skçIkmμ<br />

enaH. CnrgeRKaHTaMgenaHmankarQWcab;Nas;EdlCaehtu<br />

naM[BYkKat;mankarePøcPøaMgnigniyaymin)anl¥. elakRsI<br />

bEnßmfa KμanGñkCMnajNamñak;minRtÚv)anykcitþTukdak;<br />

min)anl¥RbesIrenaHeT. edImbNþwgrdæb,evNIRtÚv)an<br />

R)ab;[ecHRKb;RKgGarmμN_rMCYlcitþxøÜnÉg dUcecñHKat;<br />

)anBüayamTb;TwkEPñkkMu[Rsk; nigTb;GarmμN_min[Tukç<br />

esak. b:uEnþ karbeBa©jGarmμN_QWcab;nigkarb:HTgÁicpøÚv<br />

GarmμN_rbs;edImbNþwgrrdæb,evNI)anbgðajnUv]Rkidækmμ<br />

rbs; Duc ehIyecARkmKYrEtemIleXIjnUvskmμPaBenH.<br />

enAeBlEdlCnrgeRKaHmñak;RtÚv)anR)ab;[bgðajmuxrbYs<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

rbs;xøÜnCasaFarN³enAkñúgbnÞb;svnakar emFavI)aneFVI<br />

GnþraKmn_ ehIysMNagehIyEdleyIg)aneFVIpÞúyBIsMeNI<br />

rbs;ecARkm. elakRsI)anGHGagbBa¢ak;fa emFavIrdæb,eNI<br />

EtgEtRtÚv)ankat;sgVak;smþIedayelakRbFantulakar<br />

ehIyelakRbFan)anbgðajGarmμN_fa ecARkmminman<br />

cMNab;GarmμN_mkelIedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIeT.<br />

elakRsI)anriHKn;emFavIkarBarkþICnCatiExμrelak<br />

kar savutß BIGVIEdlKat;)antiHedolekrþ×xμas;dl;emFavI<br />

GnþrCatimñak;rbs;PaKIedImbNþwgrdæb,evNI. elakRsI)an<br />

sYrfaetIehtuGVI)anCaedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIminRtÚv)ancat;<br />

Tuk[esμIPaBKñaedaykþIeKarB. elakRsI)anql;fa «etIPaB<br />

QWcab;mankarlM)akkñúgkarRTaMEdrb¤eT? » elakRsIbEnßm<br />

fa elakRbFantulakarKYrEtkarBarplRbeyaCn_rbs;PaKI<br />

edImbNþwgrdæb,evNI. eTaHbICaminsUvmanPaBl¥RbesIr<br />

k¾eday k¾PaKIedImbNþwgrdæb,evNImankareBjcitþnwgerob<br />

rab;BIerOgr:avrbs;Kat;enAcMeBaHmuxtulakarEdr.<br />

eRkayBIerobrab;nUverOgr:avnigTukçesakevTnarbs;<br />

CnrgeRKaHcugeRkay elakRsI)anbBa©b;edayerobrab;BI<br />

erOgr:avrbs;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNImñak;EdlCaCnrgeRKaHBI<br />

karcab;rMelaP. CnrgeRKaHmñak;enaHenAEtrkSakarsmat;kñúg<br />

xøÜnGs;ry³eBlCaeRcInqñaMBIeRBaHkarR)ab;[GñkdéTdwgBI<br />

erOgEdlRtÚv)anrMelaPenAkñúgRbeTskm


EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

rdæb,evNInigeqøIyRKb;sMNYrTaMgGs;eT. vib,disarInigkar<br />

sMueTasCaeRcInelIkeRcInsarbs; Duc minRtÚv)anyl;Rsb<br />

edayemFavIkarBarkþIeT. enAem:ag4resolenH Duc )anyM<br />

kñúgsPaBmYyEdlminEmnCaGarmμN_Bit. enHCavb,disarI<br />

Ekøgkøay.<br />

elakemFavI)anbeBa©jeyabl;d¾mansarsMxan;<br />

mYycMnYnGMBIkarCYsCulkarQWcab;sRmab;CnrgeRKaH. Duc<br />

)ansresresovePAGMBIRbvtþipÞal;xøÜnrbsKat;nigeRbIR)as;<br />

luyBIkarlk;esovePAenaHedIm,I]btßmÖdl;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNI.<br />

Kat;GaceFVIkareBlEdlKat;enAkñúgKuk ehIyeRbI<br />

R)as;fvikaEdlKat;rk)anmkpÁt;pÁg;kic©karTaMgGs;xagelI<br />

enH. elakemFavIk¾)anesñIpgEdrfa Duc KYrsresrsMbuRt<br />

BIreTArdæaPi)al. sMbuRtTImYyKYrEtsresrsMueTasrdæa-<br />

Pi)al ehIysMbuRtTIBIrKYrEtesñIfa fvikamYyPaKbIEdl)an<br />

mkBIkarcUlTsSnaTYlEsøgKYrEtykmkCYyCYsCusrbYs<br />

pøÚvcitþrbs;CnrgeRKaH. cugbBa©b; elakemFavIExμrrUbenH)an<br />

niyayfa Duc minKYrGnuBaØat[eTAeFVIkarkñúgCYrrdæaPi)al<br />

vijCadac;xat. eRkayBIbBa©b;karbkRsayrbs;Rkúm2<br />

tulakark¾dl;eBlsRmaksRmab;GaharéfRtg;.<br />

Rkúm3<br />

elak hVIlIB xaNun<br />

)aneFVIesckþIEføgkarN_kñúg<br />

karbiTkartv:aCaelIkdMbUg<br />

sRmab;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNI<br />

RkúmbIEdlmansmaCik28<br />

nak;. elak)anBiBN’na<br />

elak hV IlIB xaNun<br />

GMBIpllM)akEdlKat;nig<br />

emFavIedImbNþwgrdæb,evNI<br />

)anCYbRbTH. elaknigemFavI)aneFVIkaredayminKitBIkar<br />

enOyht;edIm,InaMCnrgeRKaH[mkniyayenAkñúgGgÁsvna<br />

karenH. vtþmanrbs;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNIenAkñúgtulakar<br />

]RkidækmμGnþrCatiKWeTIbEtmaneTenAeBlenH. emFavITaMgBIr<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

rUbenH)ansVHEsVgrkCMnYyBItulakaredIm,IFananUvPaByutþiFm’<br />

enAkñúgtulakarenH.<br />

RbtikmμCaelIkdMbUgrbs;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNIKWCa<br />

GVIEdlRtÚvEtekItman vaCasPavKti. Duc RtÚvTTYlnUvkar<br />

QWcab;dUceyIgEdr. elak xaNun )an[dMbUnμanfa emFavI<br />

)aneqøIytbeTAnwgRbtikmμrbs;CnrgeRKaHEdr b:uEnþemFavI<br />

TaMgenaHRtÚvEteFVI[)aneRcInCagenH. eFVIdUecñHeTIbTTYl<br />

)anyutþiFm’ ehIyyutþiFm’enaHminmanPaBlem¥óg. elak<br />

xaNun )andkRsg;smþId¾Evgrbs; Duc enAGMLúgeBlsvnakar<br />

EdlTTYlrgkarecaTRbkan;nUvbT]Rkidæ. Rbsasn_rbs;<br />

elak xaNun )anbegáIt[mancml;faetIGVIEdl)anerobrab;<br />

eday Duc nig vib,disarIrbs;Kat;enAkñúgGgÁsvnakarCakar<br />

Bitb¤eT. eTaHbIkaryMxSwkxSÜlKWCakarcab;epþImnUvvib,disarI<br />

enaHk¾eday k¾ Duc )ansMu[mankaredaHElg. elak xaNun<br />

)anbnþeTotfa «cUr¡RkeLkemIlCnrgeRKaHTaMgGs;enaH.<br />

Duc cUr¡ emIleTABYkeKEdlcg;[ Duc TTYlnUvTNÐkmμ. Gñk<br />

GacbMpøajstVl¥itnigstVBahn³)an. GñkminGacbMpøaj<br />

mnusSelak)aneT eRBaHéfNamYyGñkTaMgenaHGacegIbQr<br />

eLIgeRBaHkUnecACnrgeRKaHTaMgenaHnwgTamTarnUvyutþiFm’.<br />

GñkTaMgGs;enaHsmøwgemIleTAGñkEdlsøab;kalBIGtItkal<br />

KWCaGIVEdl)ankat;kþI. RbEhlCaCnrgeRKaHGacGt;»neTA<br />

dl;Gñk)anbnÞab;BIsvnakarcb;. RsemIRsémemIlfa<br />

etICnrgeRKaHTaMgGs;enHxitxMsVHEsVgrknigBüayamEsVg<br />

yl;faetIehtuGVI)anCabursmñak;enHmansPaBshavéRBépS<br />

y:agenH. etIehtuGVI)anCamnusSCatimankareKarBekat<br />

xøacbursmñak;enHxøaMgem:øH?.<br />

elak xaNun )anrMB£k Duc fa edImbNþwgrdæb,evNIxøH<br />

manlkçN³samBaØ suPaB b¤RkIRk xøHTTYl)ancMeNHdwg<br />

nigxøHGt; ehIyGñkTaMgGs;enaHsuT§Etcg;)anyutþiFm’dUcKña<br />

xitxMRbyuT§tampøÚvc,ab;edIm,IrkSaPaBCamnusSelakedIm,IkMu<br />

[liclg;dUcstVFatu. eKalbMNgrbs;CnrgeRKaHKWmin<br />

EmnbMpøicbMpøajmnusSCatikñúgPaBCa]tþmKtirbs;xøÜneT.<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

karEdlminsEmþgnUvkareKarBcMeBaHedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIKW<br />

CasNæanfμIénkar)at;bg;nUvPaBCamnusSEdlmanKuNFm’.<br />

elak xaNun )ansarPaBedaykþIcab;GarmμN_fa<br />

dMeNIrkarrbs;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNIminsUvmanPaBrlUn<br />

b:unμaneTenAGMLúgeBlénsvnakarenH. b:uEnþBYkeKsVaKmn_<br />

nUvRbB½n§tulakarfμIénsvnakar Duc enH. RbsinebItulakar<br />

bM)at;sMeLgedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIenAGMLúgeBltulakarenH<br />

CnrgeRKaHnwgkøayCavtßúmYyKμansMeLg ehIyerOgr:av<br />

rbs;eKnwgRtÚvkb;ecal. ebIsinCaCnrgeRKaHTaMgGs;<br />

enaHminEmnCaCneRKaHénGtItkal RbEhlCaBYkeKyl;<br />

)an. elak xaNun )aneFVIkarTsSn_Tayfa Rbvtþisa®sþ<br />

GacRtÚv)anbegáIt ebIsinCamanvtþmanrbs;CgrgeRKaH.<br />

sMNgEdlmantémøCaTIbMputKWvtþmanrbs;CnrgeRKaHenA<br />

kñúgtulakar ehIynigkarGnuvtþsiT§irbs;Kat;.<br />

elak xaNun )anniyayeTotfa GgÁCMnMuCRmH<br />

visamBaØkñúgtulakarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

Rkúm4<br />

emFavIExμrmñak;eQμaH hug<br />

KwmsYn )aneLIgniyay<br />

tMNagedImbNþwgrdæb,evNI<br />

Rkúm4. elak KwmsYn )an<br />

Eføgmþgmñak;²GMBIGVIEdl<br />

smaCikedImbNþwgrdæ<br />

b,evNIcMnYn10nak;enAkñúg<br />

Rkúmrbs;Kat;)anCYbRbTH.<br />

kñúgenaHmanmñak;)anql;faetIxøÜn)aneFVIGVIxøHEdl)ancMNay<br />

eBlevlad¾mantémøenAkñúgnamCaedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIenH.<br />

cMENkGñkxøHeTotmankareBjcitþcMeBaHkarTTYlsÁal;<br />

mkelIxøÜnkñúgkarmanvtþmanenAkñúgGgÁsvnakarenH. GVI<br />

EdledImbNþwgrdæb,evNI)anniyayminman\T§iBlEdl<br />

naM[pøas;bþÚrkarKitnigGtþcritrbs;ecARkmeT. Duc emIl<br />

eTAdUcCaminmancMNab;GarmμN_cMeBaHGVIEdledImbNþwgrdæ<br />

b,evNI)anniyayTal;EtesaH. b:uEnþelak KwmsYn )an<br />

snñidæancugeRkayfa karEdleRbIR)as;fvika)anmkBIéfø<br />

cUlemIlsarmnÞIrTYlEsøgKYrEteRbIsRmab;karCYlCul<br />

rbYspøÚvcitþrbs;CnrgeRKaH. elakEBü GUlIvIey sU‘ mkBI<br />

RbeTs)araMg)aneLIgniyaycugeRkayeKbg¥s;. elak<br />

)ankMNt;smÁal;fa Duc )anmkkan;tulakaredayKμanPaB<br />

lM)akGVIbnþiceLIyxN³eBlEdlCnrgeRKaHmankarlM)ak<br />

\t]bmakñúgkarFana)annUvkarTTYlsÁal;xøÜnCaedImbNþwg<br />

rdæb,evNIenAkñúgGgÁsvnakar. elak)anEføgfa cMnYnedIm<br />

bNþwgrdæb,evNIsrubTaMgcMnYnGs;94nak;)ankat;bnßynUv<br />

sßanPaBeTAdl;kRmiténRTwsþI. elakk¾)antv:apgEdrfa Duc<br />

kMBugEtcUlBak;B½n§CamYytulakareTAelIsiT§irbs;Cnrg<br />

eRKaH. xN³eBlEdlCnrgeRKaHeFVIeTAtamRTwsþIBuT§sasna<br />

tamry³plkmμ karcab;Cati nigTsSn³ «erOgGtItkal[<br />

puteTA » elak hug KwmsYn<br />

RbeTsrbs;BYkeKkMBugEtdwknaMedayGtItTahan<br />

ExμrRkhmmñak;eFVI[CnrgeRKaHmankarlM)akeFVIdMeNIreTArk<br />

elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010<br />

GnaKt ehIyGtItkalenAEtrs;revIkenAeLIy. eTIbEt<br />

BIr-bIExcugeRkayenHeTeTIbesovePAsikSarbs;salaRtÚv<br />

)anpSBVpSayEdlmanB½t’manGMBImnÞIrs-21pg.<br />

elak)anGHGagfa karRsk;TwkEPñkrbs; Duc enAcMeBaH<br />

muxsaFarNCnKWmanlkçN³cEmøkenAkñúgvb,Fm’BuT§sasna<br />

Edl)anbBa¢ak;BIGarmμN_esakesA. tamry³karpøas;bþÚr<br />

eTACaRKisþsasnikvij Duc )aneFVItamtkáviTüaénPaBesak<br />

esA. Duc )ansVHEsVgrkkarcUlrYmCamYytulakar nigtag<br />

xøÜnCamnusSsMxan;enAkñúgdMeNIrkarenH. sRmab;CnrgeRKaH<br />

vij manPaBminRsNuksuxRsÜly:agxøaMg.<br />

elak)antv:afa sRmab;CnrgeRKaH karGt;»neTas<br />

GaceFVIeTA)anluHRtaEtCnéddl;sarPaBBIkarBitc,as;<br />

las;nigesμaHRtg;. Duc min)aneFVIEbbenHenAeLIyeT. Et<br />

Kat;)aneKcBIkarTTYlxusRtÚv. Duc eTAEtbnþtv:afa xøÜn<br />

TTYlbBa¢aBIGñkepSgeTotenAkñúgk,alm:asIunrbs;ExμrRkhm.<br />

Kat;)andwknaMy:agl¥enAmnÞIrm-13 dUecñHKat;mansmtßPaB<br />

l¥CagGñkepSg ehIyKat;GacRtÚv)andMeLIgtMENgCa<br />

RbFanmnÞIrs-21sRmab;smtßPaBrbs;Kat;. Kat;man<br />

GMNacnwgCYyse®gÁaHRbCaCn)an b:uEnþKat;)anse®gÁaH<br />

EtGñkftrUbmñak; ¬Edl)anftrUb Duc CaeRcInsRmab;CIvit<br />

pÞal;xøÜnrbs;Duc¦ eBTüeFμjmñak; nigCagKMnUrmñak;b:ueNÑaH.<br />

GñkEdlKat;Gacse®gÁaH)an EtKat;EbrCasmøab;eTAvij<br />

dUcCaRKÚrbs;Kat;mñak;. Duc minEmnCakUnGukrbs;eKeT.<br />

Kat;RtÚv)anvinicä½yCa]RkidæCnmñak;RbqaMgmnusSCati.<br />

elak)anerobrab;erOgr:avrbs;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNI<br />

mñak;². bnÞab;mk Kat;)anesñI[mankarTTYlxusRtÚvcMeBaH<br />

PaByutþiFm’GnþrCatifa «ebskmμéføfñÚrkñúgkarniyaynigkat;<br />

kþIfaman]RkidækmμRbqaMgmnusSCatiCaeRcInEdlminTan;)an<br />

vinicä½y ».<br />

elakRbFan nil Nun )anRbkasfa éfGgÁar TI25<br />

viciäka nigCaéfEdlbiTkartv:avTUeTArbs;shRBHraCGaCJa.<br />

edvId eshV½r<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

kMhusrbs;emFavIkarBarkþI<br />

¬tcb;¦<br />

karecaTCasMNYreTAelIPaBRsbc,ab;rbs;tulakar<br />

eTaHbICa\riyabfrbs;emFavIEdleRbIR)as;nItiviFI<br />

rbs;tulakaredIm,Ibg¥ak;nigrMxandl;tulakarGacRtÚvRbQm<br />

muxnwgskmμPaBrbs;tulakar k¾yutþisa®sþGnþrCati)anbgðaj<br />

fa y:agehacNas;k¾manyutþisa®sþmYyEdlminTTYl\T§iBl<br />

BIkarecaTRbkan;BIkarrMxannigrMelaPeTAelIdMeNIrkarnItiviFI<br />

Edr. enAkñúgtulakarRBhμTNÐGnþrCatisRmab;GtItRbeTs<br />

yUehÁasøavIkrNI taDIk emFavI)anniyayvayRbhareTAelI<br />

karbegáIttulakarnig)anecaTCasMNYrGMBIPaBRsbc,ab;én<br />

karbegáIttulakarenaH. edayminBicarNaPøam²eTAelIbBaða<br />

EdlrMelaPeTAelIdMeNIrkarnigelIkElgb¤mineGIeBInwgkarecaT<br />

Rbkan; sala]T§rN_)anniyaynigeqøIytbGMBIkarRBÜy)armÖ<br />

GMBIPaBRsbc,ab;rbs;tulakar. eTaHbICasala]T§rN_min<br />

yl;RsbnwgkarelIkeLIgfa tulakarKWCatulakarminRsb<br />

c,ab;karBitEdlfasvnakarmin)andak;TNÐkmμPøam²eTAelI<br />

emFavIEdl)anecaTCasMNYrGMBImUldæanénGMNacrbs;tulakar<br />

KWedaysarEtemFavIkarBarkþIGacsYrGMBImUldæanRKwHéntulakar<br />

GnþrCati. eTaHbICaesckþIseRmcenHbgðajfavaKWCa<br />

yutþisa®sþRtwmRtÚvmYyenAeBlEdltulakarseRmcGMBIPaB<br />

Rsbc,ab;rbs;xøÜn RbsinebIemFavIenAEtbnþelIkeLIgGMBI<br />

bBaðaenHenAkñúgsvnakar vanwgRtÚv)ancat;TukfaCakarrMxan<br />

ehIyRtÚvcat;TukfaCakarrMelaPeTAelIdMeNIrkardUcEdl)an<br />

BiPakSaenAxagelI.<br />

g¦ karGnuvtþpÞúyBIviFanlkçnþik³ nigbTdæanCak;lak;rbs;<br />

GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

smat;. c,ab;km>sMNMuerOgEdlPaKIdwgfamanlkçN³minRtwmRtÚv<br />

eRbóbeTATmn;Edl)anpþl;[enAkñúgr)aykarN_nigkarTTYl<br />

xusrbs;buKÁlkñúgkarsmøab;b:UlismUsøImBIrnak; ». sala<br />

]T§rN_)anseRmcfa «minmanehtuplEdlfakarRbRBwtþenH<br />

bgá[mankarmineKarBtulakar ehIyemFavIRtÚvCab;eTasBI<br />

bTGnuvtþviC¢aCIv³minRtwmRtÚveT.<br />

eTaHbICay:agNak¾eday k¾vaKYr[kt;smÁal;fatulakar<br />

GnþrCatipþl;eBlevla[emFavIkarBarkþICaeRcInCamYynwg<br />

«bTdæanEdl)anTTYlsÁal;nigRkmsIlFm’ » edIm,I[emFavI<br />

karBarkþIbegáItyutþisa®sþrbs;xøÜn. tulakarTaMgenHRbEhl<br />

rkeXIjfakarGHGagtampøÚvc,ab;minRKb;RKan; emFavIkarBarkþI<br />

minRsbeTAtam «bTdæanEdlmankarTTYlsÁal; » pÚøvc,ab;.<br />

eTaHbICay:agNak¾eday enAeBlEdlkUnkþIyl;Rsb tulakar<br />

min)anrkeXIjyutþisa®sþminRKb;RKan;rbs;emFavIedIm,I<br />

ykmkGHGageLIy. kñúgkrNI taDIk enAkñúgtulakarRBhμTNÐ<br />

GnþrCatisRmab;GtItRbeTsyUehÁasøavI sala]T§rN_)an<br />

bdiesFminEktRmÚvkarecaTRbkan;PaBGsmtßPaBrbs;<br />

emFavIkñúgkarxkxanminelIkeLIgBIP½sþútagEdlBak;B½n§eT.<br />

tulakar)anGHGagfa «karshkarKñarvagkUnkþInigemFavI<br />

mansarsMxan;sRmab;kargarrbs;tulakarGnþrCati ». eTaHbI<br />

Catulakarminyl;Rsbnwgeyabl;EdlemFavIpþl;[cugecaTk¾<br />

eday k¾tulakarminGaceFVIGIV)aneT drabNamankarbgðaj<br />

Cak;lak;GMBIPaBGsmtßPaBenaH ».<br />

CagenHeTAeTot krNI GakayIs‘u enAtulakarRBhμTNÐ<br />

GnþrCatisRmab;rV:an;dakñúgbNþwg]T§rN_ cugecaTGHGagfaxøÜn<br />

RtÚv)anbiT)aMgsiT§imin[TTYl)ankarkarBarkþId¾eBjeljmYy<br />

nigsiT§imin[manemFavIEdlmansmtßPaB. dUcEdlsiT§id¾<br />

tictYcenAtulakarRtÚv)anrMelaP cugecaT)anelIkeLIgBIkar<br />

xVHxatkarerobcMrbs;emFavI karxkxanbgðajxøÜnenAtulakar<br />

nigkarxkxanmin)andak;yutþisa®sþc,ab;BitR)akd. tulakar<br />

mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

Edlkat;eTaskrNI GakayIs‘u )anyl;RsbnwgTsSn³rbs;<br />

sala]T§rN_enAtulakarRBhμTNÐGnþrCatisRmab;GtItRbeTs<br />

yUehÁasøavIenAkñúgesckþIseRmcTak;TgnwgkrNI taDIk ehIy<br />

)anGHGagfa PaBGsmtßPaBrbs;emFavIkøayeTACabTelμIs<br />

mYyenAeBlemFavI)anRbRBwtþGIV «RbqaMgnwgeKalbMNg<br />

rbs;Gñkbwþg]T§rN_nigminmankarRbqaMgedaycugecaTenA<br />

eBlenaH ». tulakar)anrkeXIjfa cab;taMgBIkarcab;epþIm<br />

svnakar KWmiinmanP½sþútagbgðajBIkartv:aRbqaMgrbs;cug<br />

ecaTeTAnwgyutþisa®sþrbs;emFavIeLIy. cugecaTnigemFavI<br />

)an «bgðajBIkarshkarKña » ehIyminmanP½sþútagbgðajfa<br />

yutþisa®sþrbs;emFavIminmankaryl;RsbBIcugecaTeT.<br />

GaRs½yehtuenH karecaTRbkan;GMBIkarGnuvtþminRtwmRtÚv<br />

minEmnCaehtuplsRmab;EkERbesckþIseRmceTAelI<br />

cugecaTeT.<br />

dUecñH eTaHbICaCeRmIsrbs;emFavIkarBarkþImin)an<br />

pþl;plRbeyaCn_eRcInbMputdl;kUnkþIrbs;xøÜnk¾eday k¾tulakar<br />

GnþrCatiEtgEtmineFVIkarkMNt;BIsmtßPaBb¤yutþisa®sþd¾Tn;<br />

exSayEdl)anrMelaPeTAelIbTdæannigRkmsIlFm’viC¢aCIv³<br />

c,ab;Edr drabNamankarbgðajfacugecaTnigemFavImin)an<br />

eFIVkarCamYyKña.<br />

4¦ karrMelaPbMBaneTAelIviFanépÞkñ úgrbs;GgÁCMnM uCRmH<br />

karrMelaPbMBanmYyeTAelIviFanépÞkñúgrbs;GgÁCMnMu<br />

CRmHedayemFavIRbEhlCaGaccat;TukCakarGnuvtþminRtwm<br />

RtÚv. ]TahrN_ viFan35)anEcgfa kardwknaMkøayCa<br />

kMhusdUcEdl)anEcgenAkñúgviFan38enAeBlEdlbTelμIs<br />

dUcxageRkamRtÚv)anRbRBwtþeLIg. bTelμIsenaHekItman<br />

RbsinebIemFavI ³<br />

k¦ pSayecjnUvB½t’mansmat;edayrMelaPeTAelI<br />

dIkarbs;ecARkmesIubGegát b¤GgÁCMnMuCRmH.<br />

x¦ mineKarBtamdIka[cUlrYm b¤minpþl;Éksar b¤<br />

P½sþútagepSgeToteTA[ecARkmesIubGegát b¤GgÁCMnMuCRmH<br />

edayminmanmUlehtusmRsb.<br />

K¦ bMpøajb¤EkøgbnøMÉksarvtßútagb¤P½sþútagepSg²<br />

edaymeFüa)aynanaEdlsßitenAkñúgsMNMuerOgrbs;GgÁCMnMu<br />

CRmH. X¦ KMramkMEhgbMPitbMP½y pþl;sMNUkb¤EsVgrkviFI<br />

Kabsgát;sakSIEdl)anpþl; b¤nwgpþl;P½sþútagenAkñúgdMeNIr<br />

karnItiviFIeTA[shecARkmesIubGegátb¤GgÁCMnMuCRmH.<br />

g¦ KMramkMEhgbMPitbMP½y b¤sUksMNUk b¤EsVgrkviFI<br />

Kabsgát;elICndéTeTotkñúgeKalbMNgTb;sáat;buKÁlenaHmin<br />

[buKÁlenaHGnuvtþtamdIkashecARkmesIubGegátb¤GgÁCMnMu<br />

CRmH. c¦ CYyedayectnaedIm,I[CnRtÚvecaT b¤CnCab;<br />

ecaTrt;eKcBIGMNacyutþaFikarrbs;GgÁCMnMuCRmHb¤<br />

q¦ júHjg; b¤b:unb:gRbRBwtþGMeBINamYyEdlmanEcg<br />

xagelI. eTaHbICaTaMgenHKWCakMhusCak;lak;ehIykarbkRsay<br />

Bnül;d¾twgrwgGackMNt;nUvkarRbRBwtþminRtwmRtÚvk¾eday k¾<br />

GgÁCMnMuCRmHnwgRbEhlCaBinitüeTAelIkarrMelaPeTAelIviFan35<br />

tammUldæanénkrNInImYy²Edr. CamYynwg]TahrN_énkar<br />

RbRBwtþminRtwmRtÚvnImYy² vaenAEtmanGacmankarbkRsay<br />

epSgeTot. Ca]TahrN_ eyagtamviFan25¬1¦k¦niym<br />

n½yénBakü «karsmat; » b¤ «dIka » GacmanlkçN³minc,as;<br />

las;. dUcKñanwgkrNI eGog sarI enAGgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØ<br />

kñúgtulakarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

eTAelIviFan35¬1¦k¦. GgÁbuerCMnMuCRmH)anCMTas; ehIy<br />

rkeXIjfalixitenaHmin)antMNag[ «dIka »eT ehtudUecñHkar<br />

Gnuvtþrbs;emFavIkarBarkþIminGaccat;TukCakarrMelaPeTAelI<br />

viFan35¬1¦k¦)aneT. dUecñHkarrMelaPeTAelIviFan35<br />

¬1¦EdlRtÚv)anecaTRbkan;RtÚvEtykmkBinitüeTAtammUl<br />

dæanénkrNInImYy²edIm,IbBa¢ak;[c,as;faetImankarrMelaP<br />

bMBanEmnb¤Gt;. karrMelaPeTAelIviFanépÞkñúgrbs;GgÁCMnMu<br />

CRmHGacRtÚv)anGgÁCMnMuCRmHcat;TukfaCakMhus ehIyTTYl<br />

)anviFankarepSg²BItulakar. enAkñúgkrNI eGog sarI<br />

kariyal½yshecARkmesIubGegátrkeXIjfaenAeBlEdl<br />

emFavIkarBarkþIpSBVpSayÉksarsmat;eday «minman<br />

karyl;RsbedayGaCJaFrEdlBak;B½n§ » emFavIenaHKW)an<br />

rMelaPeTAelIviFan56EdlmaneQμaHfa «karpþl;B½t’man<br />

dl;saFarNCnedaykariyal½yshecARkmesIubGegát ».<br />

karrMelaPbMBanenHKWeyageTAtamviFan38 ».<br />

]TahrN_mYyeTot manrYmbBa©ÚlTaMgviFanépÞkñúg11<br />

EdlmaneQμaHfa «GgÁPaBKaMBarkarkarBarkþI ». viFanenH<br />

)anpþl;GMNacdl;GgÁPaBKaMBarkarkarBarkþIkñúgkarbegáIt<br />

lkçN³vinicä½ynignItiviFIEdlemFavIRtÚvEteKarBtamedIm,IcUl<br />

rYmkñúgGgÁCMnMuCRmH. sRmab;emFavIkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

tulakarRBhμTNÐGnþrCatisRmab;GtItRbeTsyUehÁasøavI<br />

tulakar)anGnuBaØat[karRbRBwtþrbs;emFavIEdlekItman<br />

enAkñúgsvnakarBImunRtÚv)anykmkBicarNafaCaP½sþútag<br />

énkarrMxan. cugecaT KuNar:ak; )anesñIsMuemFavIEdlRtÚv)an<br />

rkeXIjfaFøab;RbRBwtþminRtwmRtÚvenAkñúgtulakarRBhμTNÐ<br />

GnþCatisRmab;GtItRbeTsyUehÁasøavIkñúgkrNItaDIk.<br />

eTaHbICaemFavIenHminTan;)ancUlrYmenAkñúgtulakarkat;eTas<br />

ehIyminGacseRmcfaemFavIenH)anrMxandl;dMeNIrkar<br />

nItiviFIkrNI KuNar:ak; k¾eday k¾tulakar)anbdiesFmin[<br />

emFavIrUbenHcUlrYmenAkñúgsvnakareLIy. edaysarEt<br />

«tulakarmanGMNacRKb;RKgdMeNIrkarnItiviFIedIm,IFana[man<br />

yutþiFm’nigedaHRsaynUvkarRbRBwtþEdlrMxandl;karRKb;RKg<br />

yutþiFm’rbs;tulakar » ehIyemFavI)anbgðajBIkarmineKarB<br />

viFanrbs;tulakarRBhμTNÐGnþrCatisRmab;GtItRbeTs<br />

yUehÁasøavI xN³enaHemFavIkarBar[kUnkþIBImuntulakarmin<br />

GnuBaØat[cugecaT KuNar:ak; eRCIserIsemFavIenHeT.<br />

edaysarEtGgÁCMnMuCRmHeTIbEtbegáIteLIgfμI eTIbmin<br />

Tan;manemFavINaRbRBwtþxusenAkñúgkrNIBImunedIm,I[GgÁCMnMu<br />

CRmHykmkeFVICa]TahrN_. eTaHbICay:agNak¾eday<br />

KuNar:ak; )anesñIfatulakarGacBicarNaeTAelIkarRbRBwtþ<br />

minRtwmRtÚvEdlekIteLIgenAkñúgtulakarCamYynwgviFannig<br />

tYnaTIc,ab;RsedogKñab:uEnþminEmndUcKñaeT. RbsinebIGgÁCMnMu<br />

CRmHGacGHGagfa enAeRkamviFanRsedogKñaemFavI)an<br />

bgðajBIkarmineKarBviFan enaHGgÁCMnMuCRmHGacGHGagBIkar<br />

dak;kMhiteTAelIsiT§irbs;cugecaTedayEp¥keTAelIkarRbRBwtþ<br />

minmanBImunrbs;emFavI.<br />

5¦ enAeBlEdlmankarRbRBwtþRbqaMgnwgdIka etItulakar<br />

nwgeFVIGIVenACMhanbnÞab;?<br />

k¦ karRBman<br />

viFanépÞkñúgrbs;GgÁCMnMuCRmHtRmÚvfa KYrEtmankar<br />

RBmanmuneBldak;TNÐkmμ b¤bdiesFkarcUlrYmrbs;emFavI.<br />

enAkñúgkrNI exov sMpn shemFavIGnþrCati)anTTYlkar<br />

RBmanBIrdgcMeBaHkarRbRBwtþxusKñaBIrRbePT. TImYy¦ R)ab;<br />

dMNwgdl;emFavIfa)anbMBaneTAelIdMeNIrrbs;GgÁbuerCMnMu<br />

CRmH. TIBIr¦R)ab;dl;emFavIfaRbsinebIkarRbRBwtþrbs;<br />

emFavIenaHmanlkçN³ «RbqaMgb¤k¾rMelaP b¤rMxandl;dMeNIr<br />

karnItiviFI b¤RbRBwtþEdlGacbegáInkarrMelaPdl;dMeNIrkar<br />

GgÁCMnMuCRmHGacdak;TNÐkmμ)an ». enAkñúgkrNI eGog sarI<br />

GgÁbuerCMnMuCRmH)anGHGagfa emFavIkarBarkþIFøab;TTYl)an<br />

karRBmanenAkñúgdIkarkSakarsmat;GnuelameTAtamviFan<br />

38. enAkñúgdIka)anGHGagfa RbsinebIemFavImin)an<br />

GnuvtþeTAtamrebobEdleKerobcM[eT emFavI «nwgrMelaPeTA<br />

elIdIka ehIyRtÚvTTYlxusRtÚvtampøÚvc,ab; ».<br />

karsikSaeTAelIc,ab;GnþrCati)anesñIlkçN³vinicä½y<br />

BIredIm,IykmkBicarNakñúgkarkMNt;faetIdIkamanlkçN³<br />

RKb;RKan;ehIyb¤enA . TImYy lkçN³Cak;lak;énkarRBman .<br />

TIBIr faetItulakar)anpþl;»kasBitR)akdmYycMeBaHkar<br />

RbRBwtþminRtwmRtÚv[eFVIkarEkERbmuneBleFVIkardak;kMhiteTA<br />

elIsiT§irbs;cugecaTEdrb¤eT.<br />

PaBCak;lak;énkarRBman<br />

enAkñúgkrNI hSúIehSl sala]T§rN_tRmÚvkarRBman<br />

rbs;tulakarmanlkçN³Cak;lak;nigc,as;las;sRmab;<br />

Bnül;BIplvi)akRbsinebIkarRbRBwtþxusenAEtbnþeTot.<br />

tulakar)anRBmancugecaTCaeRcInelIkeRcInsa b:uEnþmin)an<br />

GHGagCasaFarN³fa RbsinebIkarRbRBwtþrMxanenAEtbnþ<br />

vanwgbgá[mankardak;kMhiteTAelIsiT§irbs;cugecaTkñúgkar<br />

tMNag[xøÜnÉg. sala]T§rN_)anGHGagfa viFan80¬x¦<br />

rbs;tulakarRBhμTNÐGnþrCatisRmab;GtItRbeTsyUehÁasøavI<br />

karRBmanRtÚvEt «bgðajfaRbsinebIkarRbRBwtþkarrMxanenA<br />

EtekItman vaGacbgá[mankardak;kMhitCak;lak;mYy ».<br />

tulakar)anseRmcfaral;skmμPaBrbs;tulakarGacb:H<br />

TgÁicdl;siT§imUldæan.<br />

dUecñH dIkaRtÚvEtbBa¢ak;y:agc,as;fakarRbRBwtþmin<br />

RtwmRtÚvCagenHGacdak;kMhitdl;siT§imUldæanenH. tulakar<br />

54 mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

)anpþl;esckþIENnaMbEnßmEdlGHGagfakarRBman «RtÚvEt<br />

eFVIeLIgCasaFarN³ kñúgTRmg;CasarNapÞal;mat;b¤Calay<br />

lkçN_GkSreTAkan;CnRtÚvecaTedayBnül;fa RbsinebI<br />

karRbRBwtþkarrMxanenAEtbnþman enaHnwgmankardak;kMhiteTA<br />

elIsiT§irbs;CnRtÚvecaTkñúgkartMNag[xøÜnÉg ».<br />

eTaHbICaviFanépÞkñúgénGgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakar<br />

km


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

GvtþmanenAkñúgtulakarenAeBleRkayeTot.<br />

x¦ dMeNaHRsaycMeBaHkMhusrbs;emFavI<br />

RbsinebIGgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm


EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

krNI KuNar:ak; tulakar)anbdiesFmin[mankarcUlrYmrbs;<br />

shemFavImñak;rbs;cugecaTedaysarEtemFavIenaHRtÚv<br />

)anrkeXIjfamin)aneKarBtulakarBImun. enAkñúgGgÁCMnMu<br />

CRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³<br />

km


EsVgrkkarBit-TMB½rRsavRCavrkRKÜsar<br />

CIvit«Bukmþay´kñúgrbb b:ul Bt<br />

RbeTskm


elx<strong>121</strong> Exmkra qñaM2010 EsVgrkkarBit-TMB½rRsavRCavrkRKÜsar<br />

rbs;´minTan;erobkarenAeLIyeT. «Bukrbs;´rs;enA<br />

CamYyCIta´enAkñúgPUmirlYs extþéRBEvg Ek,rRBMEdn<br />

evotNam. CItanig«Bukrbs;´KWCaksikreFIVERscmáarenA<br />

elIdImYyEdlCakmμsiT§irbs;BYkKat;. Kat;)anbnþfa eTaHbI<br />

CakñúgGMLúgeBlenaHCItarbs;´Caksikrk¾eday k¾BYkKat;<br />

manGgársRmab;hUbRKb;RKan; ehIyEfmTaMgmanlT§PaB<br />

ciBa©wm«Buk´nigbgb¥Únrbs;Kat;cMnYn13nak;[rs;enA)an<br />

RsYlEdr. «Buk´rYmTaMgbgb¥Únrbs;Kat;)annaMKñacuHeFIVERs<br />

nigCYyeFIVkic©karpÞH. cMENkÉmþay´vij Kat;rs;enAPUmi<br />

éRBEvg extþéRBEvgCitRBMEdnevotNamCamYy«Bukmþay<br />

Kat; nigbgb¥Únrbs;Kat;R)aMnak;eTot. mþayrbs;´nigCIdUn<br />

rYmTaMgbgb¥Únrbs;Kat;naMKñaeFIVERs cMENkCIta´manrbrCa<br />

Cagb:Hkg;. CIdUnCItaxagmþay´)anR)ab;´fa BYkKat;man<br />

GaharhUbRKb;RKan; mandI nigRTBüsm,tþipÞal;xøÜn CaBiess<br />

kUn²rbs;Kat;GaccUleronRKb;²KñaeTotpg.<br />

enAeBlEdlExμrRkhmcUlmkRKb;RKgenAqñaM<br />

1975 smaCikRKÜsar«Bukrbs;´PaKeRcInRtÚv)anCemøós<br />

[eTArs;enAextþsVayerog. enATIenaH Kat;RtÚvEteFIVkar<br />

taMgBIRBlwmrhUtdl;RBlb;CamYynwgRbCaCnmUldæan nig<br />

RbCaCnfμIdéTeTot. kñúgmYyéf RbCaCnTaMgGs;maneBl<br />

sRmakEtmYyem:agb:ueNÑaH KWcab;BIem:ag11 dl;em:ag12<br />

éfRtg;. cMENkGaharvij RbCaCnTaMgGs;TTYl)anrbb<br />

GaharEtBIreBlb:ueNÑaHkñúgmYyéf.<br />

enArdUvvsSa «Buk´RtÚvP¢Ürras; sÞÚg nig RcÚtRsUv<br />

cMENkenArdUvR)aMgvijRtÚvCIkRbLay nig elIkTMnb;Ca<br />

edIm. edIm,Irs; «Bukrbs;´RtÚvEtxMRbwgeFIVkargarFn;²<br />

TaMgenHrhUtdl;Kat;Føak;xøÜnsÁm. elIsBIenHeTAeTot Kat;<br />

minRtÚv)anGnuBaØat[mksYrsuxTukç«Bukmþayrbs;Kat;eLIy<br />

eRBaHfaesrIPaBenAkñúgkaredIrehIrRtÚvbiTTaMgRsúg.<br />

cMENkEpøeQIEdldaMenAkñúgpÞH k¾ExμrRkhmmin<br />

GnuBaØat[ebHhUbEdr eRBaHCarbs;GgÁkar. «RbsinebI<br />

GgÁkarcab;)anfalYcebHbEnø b¤EpøeQIrbs;GgÁkar GñkenaH<br />

nwgRtÚvykeTAsmøab;Pøam. «Buk´enAEtcgcaMCanic©nUvTidæPaB<br />

EdlKat;)aneXIjmnusSmYyRkúmEdlenAPUmiepSgRtÚv)an<br />

ExμrRkhmykmksmøab;enAEk,rPUmiEdlKat;rs;enA.<br />

cMENkbTBiesaFn_rbs;mþay´vijk¾manPaBRbhak;<br />

RbEhlnwg«Bukrbs;´Edr. Caerogral;éf mþay´RtÚvEt<br />

eTAeFIVkartaMgBIRBlwm maneBlxøHKat;cab;epþImeFIVkartaMgBI<br />

em:agmYyb¤BIryb;edIm,IeFVI[ehIytamEpnkarrbs;GgÁkar.<br />

cMENkrbbGaharKWTTYl)anEtbbrravBIreBlb:ueNÑaH.<br />

Kat;)anerobrab;fa RbCaCnRKb;Kñars;enAedayPaBP½yxøac<br />

BIeRBaHmindwgfaéfNaExμrRkhmnwgykKat;eTAsmøab;dUcCa<br />

RbCaCndéTeTotEdlKμankMhuseT. mþay´)anrMB£kGMBIkar<br />

søab;rbs;sac;jatiKat;mñak;edaysarExμrRkhmsgS½y<br />

Kat;CanarICnCatievotNamfa Kat;KWCamnusSrYsraynig<br />

CamnusScitþl¥mñak;enAkñúgPUmi b:uEnþKat;EbrCaRtÚvExμrRkhm<br />

ykeTAsmøab;eTAvij.<br />

eRkayBIrbbExμrRkhm)andYlrMlMeTA CIvPaB<br />

RKÜsarrbs;«Bukmþay´TaMgBIrmanlkçN³l¥RbesIrCagmun.<br />

«Buk´nigbgb¥Únrbs;Kat;TaMgGs;)anRtLb;mkrs;enACYbCMu<br />

KñakñúgpÞHrbs;BYkKat;vij. «Buk´manGarmμN_hak;bIdUcCa<br />

RtÚv)aneKedaHElgBIKuk eRkayeBlrbbExμrRkhmRtÚv)an<br />

bBa©b;. RKÜsarrbs;«Buk´cab;epþImmanrbs;CavtßúkmμsiT§i<br />

pÞal;xøÜnmþgeTotdUcCamandIsRmab;eFIVERscmáar mansemøók<br />

bMBak;l¥² manmðÚbGaharbriePaKRKb;RKan; elIsBIenHeTA<br />

eTot BYkKat;mincaM)ac;eFIVkargarFn;dUcmuneLIy CaBiess<br />

BYkKat;GaceFIVdMeNIreTAkEnøgNamYyk¾)an GacsYrsuxTukç<br />

sac;jatiEdlenAqay²nigminmanPaBP½yxøacnwgkaryk<br />

eTAsmøab;eLIy. cMENkmþayrbs;´k¾G‘ÍcwgEdr Kat;eRtk<br />

GrCaxøaMgEdlrbbenHRtÚv)anrMedaH. sBVéfenH eTaHbICa<br />

rbbExμrRkhm)anknøgputeTA30qñaMehIyk¾eday k¾bT<br />

BiesaFn_EdlKat;)anqøgkat;enAEtsßitenAkñúgcitþrbs;BYk<br />

Kat;KμanéfbMePøc)aneLIy. cugeRkayKat;sgÇwmfa rbb<br />

enHnwgminekIteLIgsaCafμIeTotenaHeT. dYg cMerIn<br />

60 mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm


esckþIRbkasrkb¥ÚnRbús<br />

nag´eQμaH nak; ehag sBVéfrs;enAPUmiPñMtUc XMuesþcKg;xagt,Úg RsukbnÞaymas extþkMBt «Buk´eQμaH esam<br />

eyn ¬søab;¦ nigmþayeQμaH G‘un swm ¬søab;¦. ´manbgb¥ÚnBIrnak; KW´nigb¥ÚnRbúsmñak;eToteQμaH nak; FI ¬)at;xøÜn¦. ´sUm<br />

EsVgrkb¥ÚnRbúseQμaH nak; FI Edl)at;xøÜneBleFIVCanirsarenARBMEdnevotNamenAmunqñaM1975. enAeBlenaH FI eTIbEt<br />

manGayuRbEhlCa14b¤15qñaMb:ueNÑaH )anecjBIpÞHeTAeFVICanirsarCamYymIgeQμaH eBA CaGñknaMcUl. eRkaymk´k¾<br />

)at;dMNwg FI rhUt. RbsinebIb¥Ún)aneXIjesckþIRbkasenH b¤bgb¥ÚnNasÁal; b¤B¤dMNwgGMBIeQμaHxagelIenH sUmemtþa<br />

pþl;B½t’manmknag´tamry³TUrs½BÞelx 017 929 961 b¤emPUmiPñMtUceQμaH min QMu b¤TMnak;TMngmkmCÄmNÐlÉksar<br />

km


kartaMglk;TsSnavdþIEsVgkarBitqñaM2000<br />

]btßmÖkare)aHBum

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!