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6 cfpjufljt,f cfpjufljt,f gogi xuciSvili: ìvaniSvils problemebs Tavisive gancxadebebi uqmnis~ naTia xurcilava interviu konfliqtolog gogi xuciSvilTan: _ batono gogi, Tanacxovrebis axal etaps xom ar niSnavs prezident saakaSvilis xuTpunqtiani gegma da premier ivaniSvilis gancxadeba, rom sistemis damarcxeba moxda da pirovnebebs ar gamoekidebian? _ ara, es ar aris Tanam- Sromlobis axali etapi. es gancxadeba Zalian bevri faqtoriT aris ganpirobebuli. es aris garkveuli SeTanxme- ba Semdeg periodSi moqmedebis wesebze. me vityodi, iZulebiTi nabijia orive mxridan. saakaSvilma xuTpunqtiani gegmis Sesaxeb gancxadeba Seuferebeli formatiT gaakeTa. vgulisxmob saaxalwlo milocvis formats. prezidentma saaxalwlo milocva politikur gancxadebad da politikur mowinaaRmdegesTan urTierTobis garkvevis formatad gadaaqcia. _ marTlac ucnauri iyo, rogor fiqrobT, ratom airCia? _ imisTvis, rom meti JReradoba da meti efeqti hqonoda mis sityvebs. sxva dros rom eTqva aRniSnuli gancxadeba, naklebi JReradoba eqneboda. misTvis, rogorc Cans, mTavari es aris, magram amiT Tavisi popularoba kidev ufro dasca xalxSi. _ ratom? _ radgan pirveli pirisgan saaxalwlo milocva unda iyos milocva da ara politikuri gancxadeba, Tanac SeTanxmeba imaze, vin rogor unda moiqces momdevno periodSi. es namdvilad ar imoqmedebs dadebiTad xalxze, piriqiT, aseTi raRac kidev ufro aRizianebs adamianebs. _ xuTpunqtian gegmaze ras ityviT, ramdenad mniSvnelovania? _ es xuTpunqtiani gegma ar Seicavs arafers iseTs, rac ar iyo manamde naTqvami da Zalian bevrjer msjelobis sagani umciresobasa da umravlesobas Soris. xuTpunqtiani gegma, praqtikulad, aris kohabitaciis is normebi, romelzec iyo iyo Tavidanve saubari, magram mis ganxorcielebas obieqturi da subieqturi faqtorebi uSlida xels. obieqturi faqtori iyo ara is, rom `qarTulma ocnebam~ arCevnebSi ukeTesi pirobebi SesTavaza xalxs an ukeTesi socialuri an ekonomikuri dapireba misca, aramed is, rom xalxis aRSfoTeba iyo SerCeviTi samarTlis mimarT, ganukiTxaobis mimarT, sayovelTao daSinebis winaaRmdeg, sastiki sistemis winaaRmdeg. am pirobebSi `qarTul ocneba~ ver gadadgamda realurad kohabitaciisken nabijs ise, rogorc es evropaSi xdeba. samarTlianobis aRdgenisa da samar- Tlis SegrZnebis problema iyo da swored am fonze gaimarjva `qarTulma ocnebam~, swored samarTlianobis aRdgenas misca xma xalxma da ara ukeTes ekonomikur momavals. samarTlianobis SegrZnebis dabruneba ver moxdeboda sxvanairad, Tu ara samar- Tlebrivi procesebis wamowyeba. rom ar dawyebuliyo samarTlianobis aRdgenis procesi, xalxi ver gaigebda. amitom es iyo obieqturi mizezi. _ subieqturi mizezi? _ subieqturi faqtori mdgomareobda imaSi, rom politikuri instinqti biZina ivaniSvils ubiZgebda imisken, rom saakaSvilis kohabitaciis models ar ndoboda. miuxedavad am SeTavazebisa, ivaniSvils saakaSvili ugulebeleyo da misi, rogorc politikuri mowinaaRmdegis neitralizeba moexdina. es politikuri instinqti biZina ivaniSvilSi arsebobs. rogorc politikaSi, aseve biznesSi amas seriozuli mniSvneloba aqvs. ivaniSvili grZnobs, Tu ar gaauvnebelyofs `nacionalur moZraobas~, maSin revanSi moxdeba. prezidentma pirdapir Tqva, rom 2013 wels `qar- Tuli ocneba~ politikur arsebobas Sewyvets. am gancxadebiT, praqtikulad, saakaSvilma daadastura, rom revanSis gegmebi maT Tavidanve hqondaT. swored amiT iyo gamowveuli apriliT manipulireba, rodesac eqvsTviani vadis Semdeg parlamentis daTxovnis SesaZlebloba eZleva prezidents. am pirobeb- Si biZina ivaniSvilis qmedeba da misi politikuri instinqti gamarTlebuli aRmoCnda, magram sxva obieqturi faqtoric daemata. _ konkretulad? _ dasavleTSi sWirdebaT im imijisa da awyobili sistemis SenarCuneba, romelic saqarTvelos aqvs dasavleTTan mimarTebiT. arasworia iseTi Sefasebebi, TiTqos amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi da evropa mixeil saakaSvilis SenarCunebisTvis ibrZvis. dasavleTs ar ainteresebs saakaSvili, maT ainteresebT, rom araferi Seicvalos im urTierTobebis awyobil sistemaSi, romelic dasavleTsa da Cvens qveyanas Soris arsebobs. marTalia, biZina ivaniSvili da misi gundi amtkicebda, rom dasavleTTan mimarTebiT araferi Seicvleba da ase gagrZeldeba, magram, amave dros, `nacionaluri moZraoba~ Tavisi yvela berketiT, aseve saz- RvargareT elCebis, diplomatiuriwarmomadgenlobebis saxiT, romelic kvlav ZalaSia, sawinaaRmdegoSi arwmunebda dasavlur samyaros. elCebi cdilobdnen, dasavleli liderebi daerwmunebinaT, rom realurad `qarTuli ocneba~ sxva kursis gatarebas apirebs. _ gamodis, ivaniSvils erTgvari lavireba uwevs qveynis SigniT da qveynis gareT? _ diax, swored xuTpunqtian gegmaze misi reaqcia ami- Tac aris ganpirobebuli. es aris politikuri realoba da amas unda gavusworoT Tvali. yovelTvis moxdeba msgavsi lavireba, vinaidan dasavleTi ar Tvlis saWirod imis gakeTebas, rasac qveynis SigniT moqalaqeebi Tvlian. dasavleTi fiqrobs, rom es ufro frTxilad unda gakeTdes. ufuh'tkt,f vt-& udthlpt neba, magram simZimes gaaCnia. Cven Tvalwin Camoagdes xelisufleba, romelsac saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg danaSauli ar Caudenia. ar CaudeniaT raime sxva mZime danaSauli. es iyo sakmaod alogikuri qmedeba. iSviaTia msoflioSi qveyana, sadac 7 TveSi xalxis mier (87%-is) arCeul prezidents agdebdnen SeiaraRebuli formirebebi im motiviT, TiTqos is aris diqtatori. _ rac mTavaria, am prezidentma Caatara referendumi da mis safuZvelze qveynis saxelmwifoebrivi damoukidebloba gamoacxada. _ diax, am damoukideblobas efuZneba Cveni saxelmwifo. sxvaTa Soris, sasaciloa is, rom realurad Cven damoukideblobas 26 maiss aRvniSnavT. arada, damoukideblobis aRdgena moxda 9 aprils. dRevandeli konstitucia efuZneba 9 aprilis damoukideblobis aqts. marTalia, 1918 wlis 26 maissac aRdga saqarTvelos damoukidebloba, magram bolos saqar- Tvelos damoukidebloba 9 aprils gamocxadda. 2013 wels qveyanam damoukideblobis aRdgena unda izeimos ara 26 maiss, aramed 9 aprils, vinaidan saqarTvelos konstituciis pirveli Tavis pirvel muxlSi dafiqsirebulia, rom saqarTvelo aris erTiani da damoukidebeli saxelmwifo, rac dadasturebulia 1991 wlis 31 martis referendumiT, romelic Catarda qveynis mTel teritoriaze, maT Soris, afxazeTis avtonomiur respublikaSi da yofili samxreT oseTis avtonomiur olqSi da saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aRdgenis aqtiT. Cven gvaqvs Zalian didi koziri, vinaidan 1991 wlis 31 marts mTlianad, mTelma saqarTvelom, afxazeTisa da cxinvalis regionis CaTvliT, xma misca saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenas. Cven, faqtobrivad, vakninebT am faqts imitom, rom amas ar vambobT da mis propagandas ar veweviT. imis magivrad, rom aqcentebi gavakeToT amaze, damoukideblobis dRed 26 maiss vacxadebT. imis magivrad, rom Cven aqcenti amaze gavakeToT, aqcenti 9 aprils rusis jars rom 21 adamiani Seewira, es dRe Cven gadaqceuli gvaqvs glovis dRed. 9 aprili ar aris glovis dRe, gamarjvebis dRea. SemTxveviT araferi xdeba. 9 aprils imitom moxda damoukideblobis aRdgena, rom, sworad aRniSna zviad gamsaxurdiam Tavis gamosvlaSi, zeciur naTel- Si xaroben wamebuli sulebi, vinaidan isini Seewirnen damoukideblobas. amitomac moxda zustad 9 aprils damoukideblobis aRdgenis gamocxadeba. dRevandel parlamentSic arian uzenaesi sab- Wos wevrebi, magaliTad, zviad ZiZiguri. sanam axali parlamentis wevrebi gaxdebodnen, isini acxadebdnen, rom swored 9 aprils unda aRvniSnoT damoukideblobis dRe. dRes isini arian parlamentSi da uzrunvelyon is, rom, realurad, saqarTvelom damoukideblobis dRe 9 aprils aRniSnos. 9 aprili aris udidesi gamarjvebis dResaswauli. diaxac, Cven unda gavixsenoT is didebuli axalgazrdebi, romlebic Seewirnen 9 aprils, magram imitom ki ara, rom 9 aprili glovis dRed gamovacxadoT, aramed _ gamarjvebad, radgan maT sisxls ukvalod ar Cauvlia. neta, yvela daRvrili sisxli ise Sedegiani iyos, rogorc @)!#7 & bfydfhb7 1$ nikoloz mJavanaZe: `saxelmwifo gadatrialeba aravis ar unda SerCes!~ guliko balaZe _ saqarTveloSi, samwuxarod, tendenciad iqca danaSaulis Cadena da Semdeg misi dausjeloba _ realurad. viRacebi moaxdenen saxelmwifo gadatrialebas, daxocaven adamianebs da yvelaferi xaxviviT SerCebaT. ase xdeba axlac. Zalian mikvirs, ra memorandumi unda gaformdes da ra unda vapatioT saakaSvilsa da misi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebs? ratom unda apatios qarTvelma xalxma Tundac dabali rangis moxeleebs is, rac maT ganaxorcieles qarTveli xalxis winaaRmdeg? _ ganacxada ùflebadamcvelTagaerTianebis~ Tavmjdomare nikoloz mJavanaZem axali xelisuflebis warmomadgenelTa gancxadebebis sapasuxod. ùflebadamcvelTa gaerTianeba~ gamodis iniciativiT, 2013 wlidan yovel wels 9 aprili aRiniSnebodes, rogorc damoukideblobis dRe, radgan es aris gamarjvebisa da erTianobis dResaswauli. igi mouwodebs zviad ZiZigursa da mis Tanamoazreebs, es sakiTxi dasvan parlamentis winaSe da izrunon mis gadawyvetaze. nikoloz mJavanaZis gancxadebiT, 9 aprilis glovis dRed gamocxadeba istoriis gayalbebaa, rasac akeTebdnen saakaSvili da SevardnaZe. ùflebadamcvelTa gaerTianebis~ Tavmjdomares miaCnia, rom qveyanaSi samar- Tlianobis aRdgena unda daiwyos 90-iani wlebis dasawyisSi momxdari saxelmwifo gadatrialebisa da prezident zviad gamsaxurdias mkvlelobis faqtis realuri gamoZiebiTa da am gadatrialebis organizatorTa samarTlebrivipasuxismgeblobis dasmiT. _ batono nika, 22 dekembers Tqven damirekeT da miTxariT, rom Tqvenze Zalian didi gavlena moaxdina internetSi nanaxma im kadrebma, romelic Seexeboda 1991-92 wlebis gadatrialebas. ratom moaxdina Tqvenze didi gavlena im kadrebma? _ es kadrebi maxsenebs im warsuls, roca kriminalurma xuntam daamxo zviad gamsaxurdias xelisufleba. Tqven kargad gaxsovT, rom zviad gamsaxurdia xelisuflebaSi iyo sul raRac 7 Tve da absurdia raRac mizezebze saubari. SeiZleba, raRac sakadro cvlilebebi ganxorcielda da SeiZleba raRac Secdomebi iqna daSvebuli. biZina ivaniSvilis xelisufleba xalxis mieraa arCeuli, magram, realurad, 2-3 TveSi garkveuli Secdomebi ukve dauSva, energotarifebis ganaxevrebasTan dakavSirebiT dapirebebi rom iyo da ver asruleben. _ energotarifebs rom ver anaxevreben, Secdomaa? _ diax, es ukve Secdomaa. rodesac hpirdebi mosaxleobas, unda Seusrulo. es Zalian didi imedgacrueba iyo mosaxleobisTvis. aseve, realurad, dausjeloba jer kidev aris. adamianebi, romlebic saxelmwifo damnaSaveebi arian, pasuxisgebaSi eZlevian, magram iseTi braldebebis wayeneba xdeba moxeleebze, ubralod, sasaciloa. SeiZleba, Semdeg gamo- Ziebam gamokveTos sxva dana- Saulebi, magram maT salaparako ar unda mivceT. amitom es yvelaferi unda gaiTvalos. garkveuli Secdomebi xelisuflebas yovelTvis eq- 9 aprili. im sisxlma mogvitana damoukidebloba, romelic 9 aprils daiRvara. 9 aprilis Semdeg bevri sisxli daiRvarasaqarTveloSi, magram _ uazrod. gaixseneT afxaze- Tisa da cxinvalis ambebi. saakaSvilma iq CaxocaqarTvelebi.SevardnaZemac ar daaklo. es, realurad, ukvalod daRvrili sisxlia. aqedan gamomdinare, Cven dRes gamovdivarT iniciativiT da mivmarTavT im Zalebs, romlebic dRes parlamentSi arian, rom 9 aprili damoukideblobis dRed unda aRiniSnebodes. saakaSvilisa da SevardnaZis periodSi damoukideblobis aRdgena 26 maiss imitom aRiniSneba, rom zviad gamsaxurdias roli daekninebinaT. ar SeiZleba, erTi adamianis siZulvilis gamo ziani mivayenoT qveyanas. zviad gamsaxurdia Tu gezizReba, ar SeiZleba, amis gamo damoukideblobas xazi gadausva. Cven dRes Zalian didi salaparako gvaqvs afxazebTan da osebTan. Cven maT veubnebiT: Tqven is xalxi xarT, vinc 1991 wlis 31 marts xma mieciT saqaarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenas. aqedan gamomdinare, Cven gvaerTianebs damoukideblobis aRdgena. rac Semdeg moxda, ruseTis mier iyo inspirirebuli. aqedan gamomdinare, 9 aprili er- Tianad unda aRvniSnoT, rogorc TbilisSi, aseve cxinvalsa da soxumSi. 2019 wlis 9 aprilis aRniSvniT unda daiwyos saqarTvelos gaerTianeba. 26 maiss Zalian did pativs vcem, magram es iyo langriT mirTmeuli damoukidebloba. damoukideblobis gamocxadebaze WoWmanobda ma- Sin noe Jordania. _ yovel SemTxvevaSi, Cven maSin aRdgenili damoukidebloba davkargeT. _ Tanac, araseriozulia, qveyana damoukideblobas aRniSnavdes im dRes (26 maiss), roca imis Semdgom qveyanam damoukidebloba dakarga. konstituciaSi weria, rom Cveni damoukidebloba dafuZnebulia 9 aprilis damoukideblobis aqtze da qveyana am dRes ar aRniSnavdes damoukideblobas. es aris istoriis gayalbeba. amas ake- Tebdnen saakaSvili da SevardnaZe. maT mSvenivrad icodnen, ra didi mniSvneloba hqonda im faqts, rom afxazebma da osebma xma misces saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenas. amas akeTebdnen erTi adamianis siZulviliT. amitom gamovdivarT iniciativiT, rom yovel weliwads 9 aprili iyos gamarjvebisa da erTianobis dResaswauli, radgan Cven 9 aprils gamovacxadeT damoukidebloba, romelsac xma misces osebma da afxazebma. _ maSin Tqven ramdeni wlis iyaviT? _ maSin me axalgazrda viyavi da Zalian mtkivneulad ganvicdidi im procesebs, rac moxda qveyanaSi. es iyo saSineli periodi saqarTvelos istoriaSi. vfiqrob, unda daisajon is pirebi, romlebmac is gadatrialeba moaxdines. Tengiz siguam sakadrisad unda agos pasuxi. Tqven kargad gaxsovT, albaT, misi samarcxvino satelefono saubre- bi, magaliTad, roca is telefoniT esaubreboda quTa- TelaZes, romelic aris gadaRebuli, ras kadrulobda, ra terminebiT saubrobda. Tengiz sigua, romelic ambobda, prezidentma mersedesiT ar unda iaroso, bavSvebis fuls Wamdao da prezidentis misamarTiT absurdul ra- Racebze laparakobda, moaxdina saxelmwifo gadatrialeba. amitom dRes unda dadges misi pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi. _ sigua marto ar iyo. _ ra Tqma unda, SevardnaZem, kitovanma, siguam da yvela im pirma, vinc gareulia im movlenebSi, pasuxi unda agos. swored imitom moxda uaresi faqtebi, saakaSvilmac igive imitom gaakeTa da imitom gamefda dausjelobis sindromi qveyanaSi, rom saqarTveloSi, samwuxarod, tendenciad iqca dana- Saulis Cadena _ realurad. viRacebi moaxdenen saxelmwifo gadatrialebas, daxocaven adamianebs da maT yvelaferi xaxviviT SerCebaT. ase xdeba axlac. me Zalian mikvirs, ra memorandumi unda gaformdes da ra unda vapatioT am xalxs, ratom unda apatios qarTvelma xalxma Tundac dabali rangis moxeleebs is, rac maT ganaxorcieles qarTveli xalxis winaaRmdeg. pinoCeti Rrma sibere- Si misces pasuxisgebaSi da sasamarTloSi arbeninebdnen moxucebul kacs, miuxedavad imisa, rom qveyana ekonomikurad aayvava. vinaidan man ganaxorciela saxelmwifo gadatrialeba, daamxo kanonieri xelisufleba, marTlmsajulebas ver gaeqca. vfiqrob, saqarTveloSic yvelafers Tavisi saxeli unda daerqvas. yvela danaSauls samarTlebrivi Sefaseba unda mieces. Tuki dRes biZina ivaniSvilis xelisufleba saTanadod ar dasjis saakaSvilis reJims, dausjelobis sindromi kvlav gagrZeldeba. amboben, mxolod reJimis gasamarTleba unda moxdeso. Tu reJimis gasamarTleba unda moxdes, unda gasamarTldnen am reJimis warmomadgenlebic. _ reJimi xom TavisTavad ar iqmneba, reJims pirovnebebi qmnian. _ diax. ras hqvia mxolod reJimis gasamarTleba. saakaSvilis reJimma imitom ganaxorciela sadisturi da ukanono qmedebebi, rom mas hqonda wina mTavrobis gamocdileba, SevardnaZesa da mis reJims xaxviviT SerCa Cadenili danaSaulebi. iseTi tendenciaa, rom, realurad, ba- Co axalaiasa da ramdenime pirze unda gadatydes joxi, roca mTeli sistema monawileobda masobriv danaSaulebSi. Cven gamovediT iniciativiT, saqarTveloSi niurnbergis msgavsi procesi Catardes.
@)!#7 & bfydfhb7 1$ roland xojanaSvili àxali Taobis~ imereTis biuro bolo aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSi xelisuflebis axirebis mixedviT xdeboda migraciul-arqiteqturuli svlebi. maRlivi Senobebis gadaRebviT Tu armaturis qandakebebis dadgmiT dakavebuli xelisufleba qmnida imis iluzias, rom qveyanaSi mimdinareobda progresi uwyvetad da warmatebulad. marTalia, verc gadaRebilma Senobebma da verc minis Senobebma ver gauZlo kritikas, magram saboloo jamSi arqiteqturuli ansamblidan amovardnilma Senobebma yoveldRiurobaSi CaZiruli adamianis mxridan yuradReba dakarges, radgan mosaxleobis umetesobas yofiTi problemebi awuxebs da ara arqiteqturis esTetikuri mxare. ,,nacionaluri moZraobis~ xelisuflebaSi yofnis dros ZiriTadi aqcenti Tbilisze, quTaissa da baTumze iyo gadarTuli. Tbilisi, rogorc administraciul-politikuri centri, rasakvirvelia, imsaxurebs yvelaze met yuradRebas, magram baTumsa da quTaiss (vidre saparlamento qalaqi gaxdeboda) aranairi privilegia ar unda miniWeboda. SavizRvispira qalaqebi araerTia da arc quTaisia erTaderTi provinciuli qalaqi. samwuxaro faqtia, rom patara qalaqebsa da raionul centrebs saerTod ar eqceoda yuradReba. saCxere erT-erTi im qalaqTagania, romelic komunisturi periodidanve urbanuli dagegmarebis moTxovnebs ver pasuxobda. patara imerul qalaqs, romlis mosaxleoba amJamad daaxloebiT 7 aTasia, sakonservo, saSampanure da samSeneblo masalebis warmoebis daniSnuleba hqonda da saqalaqo infrastruqturaze metad sawarmoo moedans ufro moagonebs adamians, vidre qalaqs. xelisuflebas aseTi patara qalaqebi mxolod maSin axsendebodaT, roca arCevnebi karze mo- adgebodaT. saCxeris daaxloebiT 40 aTasiani saarCevno olqi ase Tu ise, mniSvnelovani eleqtoratuli yulaba iyo da mosaxleobas uxvad urigdeboda dapirebebi, romlis umetes nawils asrulebda Worvileli keTilganwyobili miliarderi. me-17 saukunemde saCxeres didi daniSnuleba ar hqonia, radgan mis maxloblad arsebobda uZvelesi dasaxlebis punqtebi, romlebic droTa ganmavlobaSi kargavda funqcias. saCxere wereTlebis safeodalos centri iyo da Tavis droze imereTis samefosa da raWis saerisTaos metoqeobasac uwevda. marTalia, legendebi dadis ivaniSvilis mier saCxerze gaweul xarjebTan dakavSirebiT, magram qalaqs mxolod yofiTi sakiTxebi mougvarda amiT: saavadmyofo, gza, Senobebis gadaxurva, eleqtrooba da gazifikacia. TavisTavad cxadia, rom es Zalian bevria, magram yofiTi problemebis mogvarebis Semdeg saCxere- Si esTetikuri mxaris mogvarebazec daiwyes fiqri. erTaderTi qalaqi imereTSi, sadac parki araa, albaT saCxerea. gamwvanebis yvelaze xelsayreli da saWiro adgili saCxereSi modinaxis ferdobia. cixe, romelsac wereTlebisa da abaSiZeebis damoyvrebas ukavSirdeba Tqmulebis mixedviT, amJamad mTlianad gapartaxebulia. komunistur epoqaSi restavrirebuli cixe daingra 1991 wlis 29 aprilis miwis- Zvris dros. modinaxe saCxerlebis siamayis sagansac warmoadgens, radgan misi aReba mxolod erTxel SeZles( imereTis ajanyebis dros, 1810wels, modinaxe ajanyebulebs ekavaT. imave wlis martSi rusuli armiis nawilebma aiRes cixe da iq Tavisi garnizoni Caayenes. SemdgomSi modinaxem dakarga strategiuli mniSvnelo- ba).cixes dangrevamde Svidi koSki amSvenebda, maTgan dRes aRaraferia SemorCenili. amboben aseve, rom cixis ansamblSi iyo wereTlebis karis eklesiac (wereTlebis garda cixis mflobelebi epizodurad iyvnen falavandiSvilebis sagvareuloc da imereTis mefe solomon pirvelic). saCxereSi iyo wereTlebis sasaxlec, romelic jer saavadmyofod iyo gadakeTebuli, Semdeg ki daangries. swored am sasaxlemde, savaraudod, eSveboda cixis gvirabi. dRes am sakiTxis kvlevas didi arqeologiuri Zalisxmeva sWirdeba ara marto gvirabis sigrZisa da mimarTulebis dasadgenad. cixis teritoriaze aRmo- Cenili iyo brinjaosa da rkinis periodis nivTebi, micvalebulTa damarxvis gansakuTrebuli formac (aq aRmoCenili qvayriliani samarxebi um- Tavresad koleqtiuria. micvalebulebi esvenen marjvniv an marcxniv gverdze xelfexmokecilad. dakrZalvis es wesi Secvlila adrindel antikur da elinistur xanaSi. mxolod gviandeli antikuri xanis samarxebSi mamakacebi esvenen gulaRma. es cvlileba qveyanaSi qristianobis gavrcelebiT unda aixsnas). Tamaris epoqis Semdeg dasustebuli qarTuli saxelmwifo warmonaqmnTagan yvelaze Zlieri raWis saerisTao Tamam pretenzias acxadebda imereTis samefoze da mis Semadgenel nawilze_sawereTloze (es yvelaferi istoriuli wyaroebiTac dasturdeba, Tundac is faqti gaviTvaliswinoT, rom mRvimevis samonastro kompleqsis ZiriTadi taZari raWis eris- TavTa dakveTiT aris agebuli). _ swored modinaxis aRdgenisa da misi mimdebare cicabo ferdobisganaSenianebisaTvis iqmneba ZiriTadad es fondi, magram amis garda Cven dasaxuli gvaqvs miznad, rom qalaqSi movawyoT patara skveric, romelic muxran maWavarianis saxelobis iqneba. savaraudod, fondis saqmianoba iqneba mravaljeradi da misi likvidacia amjerad dasaxuli miznebis SesrulebiT ar amoiwureba. gvaqvs didi imedi sazogadoebis CarTulobis, aseve viciT, rom saCxeridan wasuli ebraelebi apireben aqtiurad CaerTon saCxeris infrastruqturuli ganviTarebis sakiTxSi. rac Seexeba modinaxis ferdobis gamwvanebis sakiTxs, es iqneba ramdenime kuTxiT momgebiani. savaraudod, ferdobze ga- Sendeba mezofiti mcenareebi xeivnis formiT. ZiriTadi gzis garda iarsebebs fexiT sasiarulo bilikebi. ganaTebisa da e.w. ,,akakis Tavis~ aRdgenac unda movaxdinoT. amis Semdeg ferdobi iqneba naklebadsaSiSi eroziis TvalsazrisiT, ekologiuriurad sufTa garemosac miviRebT da turistuladac mimzidveli gaxdeba. modinaxe mxolod erTxel iqna aRebuli rusebis mier, es moxda gamcemlobis xarjze, moRalatem rusebs uTxra, rom sakvebis maragi iyo Zalian mcire da Tan cixis garnizons qali xelmZRvanelobda! axla ki droa, rom vizrunoT modinaxis aRdgenaze. momavalSi grandiozuli ,,akakioba~ unda aRiniSnos saCxereSi da moxaruli viqnebi, Tu Cem mier inicirebuli idea iqneba xorcSesxmuli, _aRniSna ,,axal TaobasTan~ saubrisas saCxeris municipalitetis sakrebulos Tavmjdomarem, qalbatonma inga zabaxiZem. rogorc fondis samuSao versia gveubneba, fonds aarsebs saCxeris sakrebulos Tavmjdomare. fon- cfpjufljt,f cfpjufljt,f saCxereSi fondi ,,modinaxe~ fuZndeba qarTuli warmoebis unikaluri aparatis gamoSveba SesaZlebelia roland xojanaSvili àxali Taobis~ imereTis biuro iseTi qveyana, rogoric saqarTveloa, ekonomikis zrdisaTvis aucileblad sWirdeba mecnierebatevadi dargebis ganviTareba. qveyanaSi amis potenciali namdvilad gvaqvs, magram am potencials gamoyeneba da gverdSi dgoma sWirdeba materialuradac da informaciuli TvalsazrisiT. samSeneblo masalebis mrewvelobaSi erT-erTi ZiriTadi cementisa da rkina-betonis konstruqciebis warmoebaa. am samSeneblo masalebis xarisxis dadgena ZiriTadad mis Semdeg xdeba, roca is ukve gamoyenebulia. ,,axal Taobas~ am sakiTxebze esaubra inJiner-teqnologi akaki iromaSvili. _ marTalia rom cementi qarTvelma gamoigona? Tu esec im stereotipis nawilia, romelic gulisxmobs `rac magrebi varT qarTvelebi varT?~ _ portlandcementi, Tanamedrove gagebiT, genetikurad qarTvelma gamoigona, misi saxelia iagor gerasimes Ze WeliZe, ( rusulad egor gerasimoviC Celievi). igi STamomavalia vaxtang meeqvsis amalis erT-erTi aznauris, revaz WeliZisa, romelic ruseTSi dasaxlda da iqve daojaxda. portladcementis aRmomCenis gvirgvini, mis SviliSvils, iagors ergo. rac qarTveli kacis sinanulis Tanmxleb, samarTlian siamayis grZnobas unda iwvevdes. portladcementi xom rkinabeton- Tan erTad kacobriobis erT-erTi udidesi gamogonebaa! warmogidgeniaT, ra iqneboda Tanamedrove mSenebloba portlandcementis garSe? Tumca sakiTxavia, ras gaakeTebda igive iagori, misi papa saqarTveloSi rom darCeniliyo? albaT verafers, radgan maSindel saqarTvelos aseTi rameebisTvis (samwuxarod, rogorc axla!) ar ecala. iagor WeliZem 1825 wlis dasawyisSi daapatenta Tavisi aRmoCena. mis sawarmoebSi damzadebul cements jer kidev napoleonis samxedro operaciis dros dangreuli moskovis aRdgenisTvis iyenebdnen. _ amboben, rom cementis warmoebis pionerebi ingliselebi iyvnen... _ iagorze ramdenime TviT adre analogiuri pataneti gasces ingliselebma jozef aspdinze 1924 wlis bolos. sinamdvileSi aspdinis mier aRwerili masala ufro romancementi iyo, vidre portlandcementi. romancementi masalaa, romelsac Sualeduri adgili uWiravs kirsa da namdvil portlandcements Soris. amitomac anglosaqsuri samyaro aspdins miiCnevs cementis aRmomCenad, xolo slavuri samyaro_WeliZes.sxvaTaSoris, 1971 wels q. TbilisSi mTelma msofliom aRniSna iuneskos egidiT iagor WeliZis dabadebidan 200 wlis- Tavi _ portlandcementis standartuli simtkicis dadgena rig sirTuleebs qmnis, ratom aris problematuri es sakiTxi? _ is faqti, rom portlandcements standartuli simtkicis dadgenas 28 dRe sWirdeba, bevr uxerxulobas uqmnida da uqmnis cementis mwarmoeblebs da momxmareblebsac. roca cementis simtkices adgenen, is cementi ukve gaxarjulia. bunebrivia, 28 dRes arc mwarmoebeli da arc momxmarebeli amdeni dRiT cements ar gaaCerebs da CauSvebs saqmeSi. swored aman ganapiroba daCqarebuli meTodebis Seqmnis aucilebloba da ra saocaric ar unda iyos, gasuli saukunis 80 wlebamde ar arsebobda metnaklebad sando me- Todi, romelic cementis simtkices gansazRvravda damzadebis dros an obieqtze miRebisTanave. _ Tqven ukve gasuli saukunis 80-iani wlebidan zrunavdiT optimaluri gzebis Ziebaze... _ 1982 wels vmuSaobdi q. gurjaanSi samSeneblo laboratoriaSi teqnikuri kontrolis ufrosad da cementis simtkicis gansazRvris sakiTxi mec didi diskomforts miqmnida. erTxel somxebma q. razdanidan gamogvigzavnes 1500 tona (sagarntio markiT `400~) cementi. Cveni kombinatis xelmZRvanelobam ar daucada laboratoriis daskvnas da pirdapir gauSva warmoebaSi, rasac moyva 150 m/kb betonis da rkina-betonis konstruqciis gafuWeba. maSin davusvi Cems Tavs kiTxva, nuTu ar SeiZleba iseTi meTodis SemuSaveba, romelic mogvcemda saSualebas, miaxloebiT mainc rom gagvego cementis simtkice miRebisTanave. Camovedi TbilisSi da davuaxlovdi im xalxs, visac am sferoSi Cemze meti gamocdileba hqondaT. erT-erTi maTgani iyo profesori T. xvedeliZe, romelsac axlac udides pativs vcem. man kargi rCeva momca, Tu ra gziT mevlo. Tumca imis gamo, rom maSin iseTi mcire Zabvebis gamzomi aparatura ar gamaCnda, romelic aRiZvreba cementis comSi eleqtrodebis CanergviT, iZulebuli gavxdi sxva gziT wavsuliyavi, kerZod _ avawyve primitiuli aparati, romelic Sesdgeboda ampermetris, voltmetris 2 eleqtrodisa da batareiisgan. vzomavdi cementwyalxsnaris kuTr eleqtro gamtarobas, romelsac SemdgomSi ewoda cementis aqtivobis gazomvis konduqtometriuli meTodi, razedac gaica jer kidev sabWour periodSi 2 saavtoro mowmoba # 1314267 da # 1695227. 1990 wlis bolos ukve qarxnuli wesiT davamzadeT 10 xelsawyosgan Sedgenili sacdeli partia, romelTaganac 5 Sei- Zina trestma ìnJmSenma~ da maSindeli fasebisTvis astronomiuli Tanxa 50 000 maneTi gadaixada! saqarTvelos moTxovnileba praqtikulad 1 TveSi dakmayofilda da gavediT sakavSiro bazarzec. _ drois gasvlasTan erTad yvelanairi teqnikuri saSualeba daxvewas moiTxovs, rogori mdgomareoba gaqvT amJamad aparatis srulyofilebis TvalsazrisiT? _ dReis mdgomareobiT xelsawyos mexsierabaSi Cadebulia 18 parametriani gantoleba, romlis xelsawyoSi Setana qarTvelma programistebma uzrunvelyves. aparati ukve SesaZleblobas iZleva nebismieri betonis narevis simtkicis prognozirebas 5-7 % cdomilebiT, rac betonis simtkicis daCqarebuli meTodiT kontrolisTvis karg miRwevad unda CaiTvalos. amaJamad ,,saqpatentSi~ Setanilia gancxadeba axali patentis mosapoveblad. xelswyos daniSnuleba imaSi mdgomareobs, rom Tavidan aviciloT uxarisxo betonis narevis samSeneblo konstruqciebSi moxvedra. betonis xarisxis Semowmeba praqtikulad xdeba betonmrevSive. xelsawyo zomavs betonSi Semaval cementis raodenobas, mis simtkices, wylis raodenobas da sabolood iZleva betonis simtkicis Sedegs rogorc kumSvaze, ise Runvaze. am xelsawyos jerjerobiT msoflioSi analogi ar moepoveba. amJamad xelsawyo gadis testirebas did britaneTSi, evrokavSiris serTifikatis mosapoveblad, romelsac mTeli msoflio aRiarebs. _ britanelebi zedmiwevniT konservatorebi arian, eWvis TvaliT ar Sexedes Tqvens gamogonebas? _ ki. inglisel specialistebsac ar egonaT, aseT qveyanaSi, rogoric saqarTveloa, SesaZlebelia raime Rirebulis Seqmna, magram azri maleve Seicvales, rodesac maT mier gamogzavnil sxvadasxva tipis 4 cementze zusti pasuxebi miiRes. am xelsawyos masobriv gamoSvebas apirebs didi britaneTi, ramdenime firma mzad aris saTanamSromlod, magram namdvilad ar minda, rom saqarTvelosTvis daikargos, an SemdgomSi aTmagad metis gadaxda mouwioT Cvens mSeneblebs, radgan inglisuri firma inglisisTvis imuSavebs da ara saqar- TvelosTvis! me ki miviReb Cems kuTvnils, magram amiT Cvens biujets araferi ar Seemateba. miTumetes, rom mas msoflioSi naxevari milioni potenciuri momxmarebeli elodeba, xolo gamzomi xelsawyoebis fasi msoflio bazarze Zalian maRalia. 7 f dis xelmZRvaneloba 5 kaciani jgufiT ganisazRvreba, romlis saqmianobac iqneba gamWvirvale da angariSvaldebulic sazogadoebis wina- Se. jgufs gadawyvetili aqvs fondis materialuri resursebis mosaZieblad telemaraTonis Catareba, sabanko angariSis gaxsna, sazogadoebis CarTva ferdobis gamwvanebis sakiTxSi. fond ,,modinaxis~ Sesaxeb komentari gaakeTa saCxeris municipalitetis gamgebelma ivane goSaZem: _ vici, rom sakrebulos surs fond ,,modinaxis~ daarseba, es Zalian kargi da misasalmebeli faqti iqneba, radgan modinaxe Tavad warmoadgens saCxeris savizito baraTs. yvelanairad vecdebiT, rom municipalitetis biujetidan moviZioT Tanxebi, romelic fonds mniSvnelovan daxmarebas gauwevs. aseT saqmianobaSi sakrebulosa da gamgeobas yovelTvis gveqneba TanamSromloba. gogi xuciSvili: ìvaniSvils problemebs Tavisive gancxadebebi uqmnis~ lfcfo.bcb vt-^ udthlpt _ es xom ar iqneba aRqmuli qveynis SigniT moqalaqeebis mier er- Tgvar ukandaxevad, daTmobad ivaniSvilis mxridan? _ aq ukve mniSvnelovania ivaniSvilis darwmunebis unari, rac zogjer umtyunebs xolme. is, rasac akeTebs, interpretacias iZens gareT. magaliTad, maxsendeba ivaniSvilis gancxadeba, rodesac man Tqva, samarTlebriv procesebSi ar verevi, rom `nacionaluri moZraobis~ buneba gamomJRavndes, rom yvelam naxos, ra tipis ZalasTan gvqonda saqme. am gancxadebaze rusul internet da sagazeTo gamocemebSi aseT komentars vkiTxulob: biZina ivaniSvilma aRiara, rom samarTlebrivi devna misi provocirebuli iyo. warmoidgineT, rogori interpretaciaa. es rom ar moxdes, premiers vinc umzadebs komentarebs, gancxadebebs, vinc mis leqsikonze muSaoben, yuradReba unda miaqcion, rom aseTi interpretirebis SesaZlebloba ar gaCndes. _ batono gogi, xom SeiZleba, TviTSemoqmedeba iyos da xSirad konsultaciebis gareSe gulwrfelad saubrobdes, Tu es did politikaSi ar xdeba? _ Tu es asea, maSin ufro frTxilad unda iyos, radgan aseTi ram ar unda xdebodes. Zalian gaTvlili da dawmendili unda iyos, rom mmarTveli Zalis gancxadebebis interpretireba advilad ar moxdes, miT umetes, rom es aris axali mmarTveli Zala. _ xuTpunqtian gegmas rom davubrundeT, SeiZleba, xelisuflebam Seasrulos? _ SesaZlebelia. `nacmoZraobaSic~ advilad xvdebian, riggare- Se arCevnebi rom dainiSnos, isini ver moigeben, metic, ufro daaCqareben TavianT, rogorc politikuri Zalis dasasruls,. amas xedaven da amitom maT awyobT realuri kohabitacia. Tu moxdeba ise, rom `qarTuli ocneba~ aprilamde xalxis ndobas dakargavs, isini amiT isargebleben da amaze aageben parlamentis mimarT prezidentis undoblobis votumis gamocxadebas, magram aqtiuri sabotaJi, demonstraciebi `nacionalebs~ ar gamouvaT. arc sazRvargareT garkveuli kampaniebiT SeZleben qveynis SigniT `qarTuli ocnebis~ dasustebas, amisTvis resursi ar aqvT da arc gamouvaT. amitom panikaSi arian, panika saakaSvilis saaxalwlo sityvaSic igrZnoboda. saakaSvili kargad xedavs, rom sakmarisi saSualeba ar aqvs, Tavisi gegma ganaxorcielos. saakaSvilis gegma mdgomareobda imaSi, rom 2013 wels `qarTuli ocnebis~ mmarTveloba daasrulos da politikuri gardatexa moxdes, magram grZnobs, amis resursi ar aqvs da amitom SeimuSava dazavebis garkveuli gegma, rasac sTavazobs ivaniSvils. amaze ki aris dasavleTis garkveuli zewola, rom realuri kohabitacia moxdes. Tu dasavleTma miiRo garantia, rom veqtori ar Seicvala, mere ukve sruliad sxva ganwyoba iqneba saqarTvelos axali xelisuflebis mimarT maTi mxridan.
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