saxelmZRvanelo gamoicema euTos erovnul umciresobaTa ...

saxelmZRvanelo gamoicema euTos erovnul umciresobaTa umaRlesi 

komisris ofisis mxardaWeriT proeqtis `multilingvuri ganaTlebis 

reformis mxardaWera saqarTveloSi~ farglebSi. 

saxelmZRvaneloSi wamodgenili mosazrebebi ekuTvnis `samoqalaqo 

integraciisa da erovnebaTSorisi urTierTobebis centrs~ da SesaZloa 

ar emTxveodes euTos euuk-is Tvalsazriss. 

The textbook is published in the framework of the project `Supporting Multilingual 

Educational Reform in Georgia`. The project is funded by the office of 

OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities. The contents of this publication 

are the sole responsibility of Center for Civil Integration and inter-Ethnic Relations 

(CCIIR) and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the OSCE High 

Commissioner on National Minorities. 

redaqtori: 

Salva tabataZe 

2

ISBN 978-9941-0-3081-9 

giorgi nozaZe 

maia inasariZe 

nino SaraSeniZe 

kaxa gabunia 

enisa da sagnis integrirebuli swavleba 

zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebis 

sabazo da saSualo safexurebze 

UDC(uak)37.016+37.016:81-02831 e-688 

Tbilisi 

2010 weli 

3

Sinaarsi 

Sesavali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 

Tavi I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 

1. enis swavlebis roli da mniSvneloba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 

2. mSobelTa CarTuloba bilingvuri swavlebis procesSi . . . . . . . 14 

3. ra midgomebi arsebobs enis swavlebaSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 

4. meore enis swavleba sagnobriv Sinaarsze dafuZnebiT . . . . . . . . 20 

5. moswavleTaTvis enis aTvisebis procesSi 

gamosayenebeli ZiriTadi principebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6. enis aTvisebis xelSemwyobi da xelis SemSleli aqtorebi . . . . . 29 

7. pedagogTa TanamSromloba bilingvuri swavlebis procesSi . . . . 31 

8. mSobliuri enis roli bilingvuri ganaTlebis procesSi . . . . . . 34 

Tavi 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 

1. teqstebze muSaoba bilingvuri ganaTlebis procesSi . . . . . . . . . 39 

2. grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyeneba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 

3. Secdomebze muSaoba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 

4. bilingvuri gakveTilis Sefaseba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 

Tavi 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 

1. bilingvuri gakveTilis dagegmva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 

2. bilingvuri gakveTilis dagegmvis etapebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 

Tavi 4 qarTuli enisa da maTematikis integrirebuli swavlebis 

sanimuSo gakveTilebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

danarTi (rekomendebuli funqciuri frazebi 

sagnis maswavleblebisTvis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

bibliografia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 

4 

27 

81 

136

Sesavali 

winamdebare wigni bilingvuri ganaTlebis maswav- 

leblebisTvisaa gankuTvnili. misi mizania meToduri daxmareba 

gauwios sabazo da saSualo skolis pedagogebs bilingvur 

klasebSi saswavlo masalis Tematur dagegmvaSi, gakveTilebis 

dagegmvasa da SefasebaSi. 

gzamkvlevis am nawilSi mimoxilulia is sakiTxebi, romlebic 

maswavlebelma saswavlo masalis dagegmvisa da swavlebis procesSi 

unda gaiTvaliswinos. es aris moswavlis swavlis stili da 

inteleqtis saxeebi, aseve motivaciis xelSemwyobi faqtorebi. aqve 

maswavleblebi gaecnobian Tematur dagegmvis komponentebsa da 

gakveTilis dagegmvis zogad principebs; aqve iqneba rekomendaciebi 

da axsna-ganmartebebi Sefasebis miznebze, tipebze, saxeebsa da 

meTodebze. 

saxelmZRvanelos meore nawilSi Cven maswavleblebs 

SevTavazebT bilingvuri gakveTilebis scenarebs. 

5 

* * * 

ganaTlebis sistemam aucileblad unda gaiTvaliswinos 

enobrivi politikis sakiTxebi. ganaTlebis procesi, romelic, 

codnis SeZenasTan erTad, moicavs socialuri da kulturuli 

faseulobebis dauflebas, xorcieldeba enis saSualebiT. 

enis matarebelTa transnacionaluri ganlagebis gamo, erTi da 

igive ena erT qveyanaSi SeiZleba warmoadgendes saxelmwifo enas, 

meoreSi ki _ erovnul umciresobaTa enas (magaliTad, somxuri da

azerbaijanuli enebi, romlebic saqarTvelos teritoriaze 

umciresobaTa enebia, somxeTsa da azerbaijanSi ki - saxelmwifo 

enebi). garda amisa, arsebobs adgilobriv eTnikur umciresobaTa 

garkveuli raodenoba, romlebic sakmaod mcirericxovanni arian da 

saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi cxovroben SezRudul teritoriaze 

(magaliTad, afxazebi, bacbebi). xsenebuli jgufebis warmomavloba 

da enebi gansxvavdeba umravlesobis eTnikuri warmomavlobisa da 

enisagan. 

udidesi mniSvneloba eniWeba qveynis moqalaqeTa cxovrebaSi 

saxelmwifo enis flobas: urTierToba saxelmwifo instituciebTan, 

oficialuri dokumentebis Sedgena, diskusiebi da debatebi 

parlamentsa Tu sxva saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi - saxelmwifo 

enaze mimdinareobs; Sesabamisad, umciresobaTa piradi karieris 

ganviTarebisa Tu, sazogadod, qveynis cxovrebaSi CarTulobis 

uzrunvelyofis TvalsazrisiT, qarTuli enis daufleba uaRresad 

saWiro da aucilebelia. Tumca, faqtia, rom dResdReobiT, kvlav 

problemaa umciresobebiT kompaqturad dasaxlebul regionebSi 

saxelmwifo enis swavla-swavlebis sakiTxi. 

saxelmwifo doneze seriozulad dgeba erovnul umciresobaTa 

warmomadgenelTa mozardebisTvis Tanamedrove ganaTlebis sistemis 

farglebSi saxelmwifo enis iseT doneze swavlebis sakiTxi, rom 

maT SeZlon Sromis bazarze arsebul konkurenciaSi mSobliuri 

enis matareblebTan Tanabar pirobebSi miiRon monawileoba. 

Tumca, saxelmwifo prioritetebi ar SeiZleba iyos wminda 

ekonomikuri. maT unda hqondeT socialuri mimarTuleba im mizniT, 

rom mosaxleobas gauadvildes adaptacia socialur-ekonomikuri 

reorganizaciis periodSi. is garemoeba, rom mosaxleobis did 

jgufebs ar SeuZliaT srulfasovani monawileobis miReba 

ekonomikur an socialur cxovrebaSi enobrivi problemebis gamo, 

adasturebs enobrivi kompetenciebis gavlenas saxelmwifos 

6

socialur erTianobaze. erTi mxriv, socialuri da politikuri 

xasiaTis problemebs SeuZliaT daayenon dRis wesrigSi saxelmwifo 

enis Seswavla im doneze, rom mosaxleobam ar igrZnos Tavi 

ganaTlebasa da profesiul karieraSi daCagrulad. meore mxriv, 

igive problemebi axdens regionul da erovnul umciresobaTa 

enebis Seswavlis stimulirebas. 

bevri mSobeli da Temi miiCnevs, rom Tu bavSvis ganaTlebis 

procesSi didi dro eTmoba meore da mesame enas, aman SeiZleba 

iqonios uaryofiTi gavlena bavSvis pirvel enaze da mis zogad 

ganviTarebaze. mSobliuri enis mniSvnelobis SegrZneba exmareba 

adamians imis gansazRvraSi, Tu ra adgili ukavia mas sazogadoebaSi. 

ena eTnikuri kuTvnilebis TvalsaCino niSania, amitomac is yvelaze 

advilad iqceva xolme ama Tu im eTnikuri jgufis simbolod da 

ZiriTad Taviseburebad konfliqtur situaciaSi. gamokvlevebi 

aCvenebs, rom konfliqturi situaciis warmoqmnis mizezi xdeba ara 

ena, aramed sul sxva problemebi. im dros, rodesac socialuri, da 

politikuri faqtorebi SeiZleba gaxdes konfliqtis mizezi, enebi 

warmoadgenen araTu problemas, aramed misi gadawyvetis 

saSualebasac. 

unda ganvasxvavoT erTmaneTisagan is programebi, romlebic 

Seqmnilia umciresobaTaTvis im qveynis saxelmwifo enis 

swavlebisTvis, sadac isini cxovroben da, meore mxriv, ucxo enebis 

swavlebis programebi. meore enis swavleba / Seswavlis saboloo 

mizania, umciresobaTa warmomadgenlebma aqtiuri monawileoba 

qveynis sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi. 

multikulturul sazogadoebaSi yvela wevri unda iyos 

Tanasworuflebiani - yvelas (miuxedavad eTnikuri, religiuri Tu 

enobrivi sxvaobisa) unda mieces konkurentunarian, Tanaswor 

garemoSi arsebobis ufleba. 

7

* * * 

dResdReobiT saqarTvelos saganmanaTleblo sivrceSi 

swavlebis erTaderT formad monolingvuri modeli rCeba: 

monolingvuria rogorc dominant (saxelmwifo) enaze mimdinare 

swavleba, aseve, eTnikur umciresobaTa warmomadgenlebis enebze 

mimdinare swavlebis forma: qarTul skolebSi swavlebis ena erTia 

(qarTuli); ucxo ena iswavleba, rogorc sagani; aseve, mxolod erT 

enaze mimdinareobs swavleba rusul, somxur, azerbaijanul, osur 

skolebSi - saxelmwifo ena iswavleba, rogorc sagani, iseve, 

rogorc sxva (ucxo) enebi. 

es iyo (da dRemde rCeba) sabWouri modeli. ra Tqma unda, 

saTanado pirobebis SeqmniT (garemo, ojaxSi salaparako ena, 

meTodikurad momzadebuli pedagogebi da sxva) SesaZlebelia 

moswavlem garkveul doneze aiTvisos esa Tu is ena, magram, 

samwuxarod, arc aseTi pirobebi gvaqvs (gansakuTrebiT, eTnikuri 

umciresobebiT kompaqturad dasaxlebul regionebSi) da amocanac 

(igulisxmeba konkurenciis gaweva erTian erovnul gamocdebSi - 

qarTul enaSi) araadekvaturia. maSin, rodesac ganaTlebis sistemis 

reforma mowodebulia, saerTod aRmofxvras repetitorobis 

instituti, am problemis arseboba Zalauneburad xels uwyobs 

(metic - erTaderT SesaZleblobad tovebs) socialuri 

TvalsazrisiT gaumarTlebel movlenas. 

Sesabamisad, unda vifiqroT institucionalur cvlilebebze - 

modelze, romelic principulad Secvlis midgomas saskolo 

sivrceSi enobrivi ganaTlebis TvalsazrisiT. 

8

9 

* * * 

saskolo mravalenovani ganaTleba nebismieri bavSvis 

momzadebis elementia multikulturul sazogadoebaSi, amasTan, 

bavSvis mSobliuri kulturuli garemo ki ar iTrguneba, aramed 

viTardeba da ukeT warmoCindeba meore enis garemosTan Sedarebis 

fonze. 

mravalenovani ganaTlebis (bilingvuri ganaTleba 

mravalenovani ganaTlebis konkretuli saxea) ZiriTadi gansxvaveba 

monolingvurisgan is aris, rom swavlebis ena mxolod saSualeba ki 

ar aris, aramed mizanic. aqedan gamomdinare, orive miznis 

(pirobiTad - sagnobrivi da enobrivi) misaRwevad saWiroa 

gamudmebuli balansireba sagnobriv Sinaarsze fokusirebul 

gakveTilsa da specifikuri enobrivi mimarTulebis gakveTils 

Soris. 

dasavleTis wamyvan qveynebSi miRebuli forma xdeba meore enis 

swavleba Sinaarsze dafuZnebiT (content-based second language teaching), 

anu sagnobrivi Sinaarsisa da enis integrirebuli swavleba _ 

swavlebis meTodika, romelic afarToebs enobriv kompetencias 

iseTi konkretuli sagnebis (sabunebismetyvelo, sazogadoebrivi, 

esTetikuri) Sinaarsze dayrdnobiT, romelic scildeba enis 

swavlebis Cveulebriv, tradiciul gakveTils. maswavlebeli, 

konkretuli sagnis swavlebasTan erTad, im enis codnis 

gaRrmavebaSic exmareba moswavles, romel enazec xorcieldeba 

sagnis swavleba. 

sagnobrivi Sinaarsisa da enis integrirebuli swavlebis 

mizani, erTi mxriv, saxelmwifo enis saTanado doneze aTviseba, 

meore mxriv ki - umciresobaTa enebis SenarCunebasa da 

ganviTarebaze zrunvaa. aseTi konceptualuri midgoma umciresobaTa

warmomadgenlebs uxsnis enobrivi da masze, ase vTqvaT, `gadabmuli~ 

erovnuli TviTidentifikaciis dakargvis safrTxis SegrZnebas da 

motivacias umaRlebs Semswavlelebsa da maT mSoblebs, Seiswavlon 

saxelmwifo ena: maTTvis cxadi xdeba, rom saskolo bilingvuri 

ganaTleba mozardis momzadebis instrumentia misi karieruli 

winsvlisa da socialur-ekonomikur Tu politikur sferoebSi 

warmatebis misaRwevad, amasTan, bavSvis mSobliuri kulturuli 

garemo ki ar iTrguneba, aramed viTardeba da ukeT warmoCindeba 

meore enis garemosTan Sedarebis fonze. 

ganaTlebis tradiciuli sistema umciresobis warmomadgenel 

bavSvebs sTavazobs arCevans: an ganaTlebas mSobliur enaze, 

romelsac Tan axlavs saxelmwifo enis formaluri swavleba, rac 

bavSvebs ar aZlevs saxelmwifo enis srulyofilad Seswavlis 

SesaZleblobas, an ganaTlebas saxelmwifo enaze, rac iwvevs 

umciresobis mSobliuri enis codnis simwires. 

bilingvuri ganaTleba umciresobaTa warmomadgenel bavSvebs 

sTavazobs orive enis myari codnis SeZenis SesaZleblobas ise, rom 

maT es enebi yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi gamoiyenon. 

10

Tavi I 

1. enis swavlebis roli da mniSvneloba 

enis roli adamianis cxovrebaSi ganusazRvrelia: ena ganasxva- 

vebs mas cxovelisgan, qmnis adamianad. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom enam 

Seqmna adamiani. 

adamians sxva cocxal arsebaTagan ganasxvavebs, upirveles yov- 

lisa, is, rom mas SeuZlia gamoiyenos sxvaTa mier mopovebuli (war- 

sulSi dagrovebuli) codna. es ki enis gareSe warmoudgenelia. 

ena xalxis, eris arsebobis upirvelesi niSania. ena ar aris erTi 

adamianis, konkretuli piris kuTvnileba - igi sazogadoebrivi mov- 

lenaa. metic - ena erovnuli msoflxedvaa, samyaros Taviseburi aRq- 

ma-Secnoba. 

enas ori ZiriTadi funqcia (daniSnuleba) aqvs: upirveles yovli- 

sa, igi azrovnebis iaraRia (enis eqspresiuli funqcia); magram 

azrovneba warmoudgenelia sazogadoebasTan, xalxTan urTierTobis 

gareSe. ase rom, enis meore funqcia uSualod ukavSirdeba pirvels 

- igi imavdroulad urTierTobis saSualebaa (enis komunikaciuri 

funqcia). 

rogorc zemoT iTqva, yoveli ena samyaros Tavisebur xedvas 

gvTavazobs da sxvadasxvagvarad aSuqebs cnebebs. erTi da imave cne- 

bis or sxvadasxva enaze Seswavla mis sxvadasxva kuTxiT ganxilvas 

gulisxmobs. `ramdenic meti ena ici, miT meti kaci xaro~... gadmogv- 

cems Zveli qarTuli sibrZne. 

11

saxelmwifo enis dauflebis saSualebebis SeTavazebiT, sax- 

elmwifo Tavis moqalaqeebs codnasa da CarTulobas sTavazobs. 

amasTanave, gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, rom SeTavazeba moxdes 

ara mxolod ritorikul doneze, aramed gegmazomieri RonisZiebebis 

saxiT. zogadsaganmanaTleblo etapze saxelmwifo enis codnis 

uzrunvelyofa erT-erTi pirveli da realisturi amocanaa; amasTa- 

nave, cxadia, rom mizanmimarTuli RonisZiebebi mxolod am etapiT 

ar unda Semoifarglos. saxelmwifo enis Seswavla yvela asakobrivi 

jgufisaTvis unda gaxdes SesaZlebeli, rac uwyveti ganaTlebis 

saerTaSoriso mimarTulebasac Tanxvdeba. Tumca dReisaTvis sax- 

elmwifo enis swavlebis gaZlierebisaTvis yvelaze bunebrivi 

sivrce, rasakvirvelia, skolaa. aq imTaviTve igulisxmeba, rom im 

skolebSic, sadac mTeli saswavlo procesi moswavleTa mSobliur, 

xolo rusulenovani skolebis SemTxvevaSi _ rusul enaze mimdina- 

reobs, qarTuli ena da literatura savaldebulo sagania. Sesabami- 

sad, gansakuTrebuli organizaciuli da finansuri Zalisxmevis ga- 

reSe problemis gadaWra swored am etapidan aris SesaZlebeli. 

Tumca faqtia, rom, iSviaTi gamonaklisebis garda, moswavleebi 

skolas ver amTavrebdnen enis codniT aRWurvilebi. aq Tavis rols 

TamaSobda qarTuli enobrivi garemos ararseboba, yofiT situa- 

ciebSi enis gavrcelebis simwire. 

enis Seswavla metad xangrZlivi procesia da did dros moiT- 

xovs. yuradReba unda mivaqcioT erT mniSvnelovan detals: sazoga- 

dod, ganasxvaveben enobrivi kompetenciis or dones. erTi moicavs 

sabazo enobriv kompetencias interpersonaluri komunikaciisaTvis 

(siku _ sabazo interpersonaluri sakomunikacio unarebi _ es aris 

enis Sre, romelsac viyenebT yofiT situaciebSi da yoveldRiur 

urTierTobaSi. enis am Sres bavSvebi iTviseben ezoSi TamaSis, 

transportiT mgzavrobis, telefonze saubris, skolaSi 

moswavleebTan urTierTobis dros. socialuri urTierTobebi 

12

konteqstSia Casmuli da, rogorc wesi, damxmare saSualebebiTaa 

ganmtkicebuli _ Jesti, mimika da sxv. isini funqcionaluria da 

naklebad moiTxovs kognitur daZabulobas. ena naklebad aris 

datvirTuli specifikuri leqsikuri erTeulebiT); meore ki - 

kognitur-akademiuri rangis enobriv kompetencias (kalu _ 

kognitur-akademiuri enobrivi unarebi; kalu aris formaluri 

akademiuri swavlis ena. is moicavs mosmenas, laparaks, kiTxvas da 

weras sagnobrivi Sinaarsis garSemo). 

skola is adgilia, sadac enis orive Sre intensiurad 

moqmedebs. swavlisa da cxovrebis sxvadasxva viTarebaSi 

moswavleebs orive enobrivi kompetencia esaWiroebaT. enis 

efeqturad aTvisebisaTvis, sazogadod, pirvel etapze sabazo 

sakomunikacio unarebi unda ganviTardes, rac aratradiciuli 

instruqtaJiT ukeT miiRweva. 

enebis swavlebis arsebuli, dRes moqmedi saskolo-saswavlo 

kursiT SesaZlebelia mxolod pirveli donis (siku) kompetenciebis 

daufleba, meore donis (kalu) enobrivi kompetenciis 

dasaufleblad ki gacilebiT meti dro da Tvisebrivad sxva tipis 

saswavlo strategiis SemuSaveba da damkvidrebaa saWiro; iseTi 

strategiisa, romelic moswavles daexmareba am enaze saazrovno 

operaciebis Sesrulebas. 

swored aseT strategias warmoadgens bilingvuri swavleba. 

moswavles uwevs meore enaze konkretuli sagnis Seswavla, rac imas 

niSnavs, rom mas uwevs am enaze azrovneba. 

13

2. mSobelTa CarTuloba bilingvuri swavlebis procesSi 

skola da ojaxi erTmaneTze axdens pirdapir gavlenas da 

skolisa da ojaxis TanamSromloba qmnis maqsimalurad efeqtur 

saswavlo garemos. bilingvuri ganaTlebis procesSi viTardeba 

orenovneba da ormagi wigniereba, radgan skolisa da ojaxis 

interesi emTxveva erTmaneTs. 

mSoblebs SeuZliaT zegavlena moaxdinon saskolo 

urTierTobebze, raTa skolam upasuxos maT moTxovnebs. samwuxarod, 

umciresobis moswavleTa mSoblebi gacilebiT iSviaTad 

erTiandebian da ayeneben moTxovnebs, realurad ki bilingvizmisa da 

bilingvuri ganaTlebis mxardasaWerad maTi xma uaRresad 

mniSvnelovania... 

skola, ojaxi da Temi urTierTdamokidebuli organizmia da 

erTmaneTTan TanamSromlobiT funqcionirebs. mSoblebs mravali 

funqcia aqvT; isini arian moxaliseebi, ase vTqvaT, skolis 

àrasruli ganakveTis TanamSromlebi~, maswavleblebi saxlSi, 

zrdasruli moswavleebi da damxmareebi. ojaxebs SeuZliaT 

uzrunvelyon maswavleblebi `codnis fondiT~, rac gulisxmobs 

codnasa da informacias, kulturul gamocdilebas, romlis 

meSveobiTac es ojaxebi Tavs irCenen, winaurdebian da warmatebebs 

aRweven... ojaxis codna, romelic SeiZleba skolam gamoiyenos, 

moicavs informacias yvavilebis, xeebis, nargavebis, mcenareTa 

Teslebis, soflis meurneobis, wylis ganawilebisa da sanavigacio 

sistemebis, administrirebisa da marTvis, cxovelebze zrunvis da 

veterinariis, medicinis, manqanaTmSeneblobis, sasoflo 

meurneobebis, rewvis, xaliCebis warmoebis eleqtrifikaciis, 

xalxuri tradiciebis, simRerebisa da cekvis, saxalxo da bunebrivi 

saSualebebiT mkurnalobis, arqeologiis, farikaobis, maTematikisa 

14

da biologiis da agreTve uamravi enisa da damwerlobis Sesaxeb. 

mSoblebsa da maswavleblebs Soris SesaZlebelia imdenad mWidro 

urTierTobebi ganviTardes, rom maswavleblebi iqcnen mSobelTa 

socialuri qselis nawilad, rac kidev metad gazrdis mSobelTa 

CarTulobas da saswavlo procesis efeqturobas. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom Zalian xSirad maswavlebelTa da mSobelTa 

urTierToba problematuria, isini xSirad ar TanamSromloben, ver 

ugeben erTmaneTs da yalibdeba antagonizmi skolasa da ojaxs 

Soris. skolisa da ojaxis urTierTobebis gaanalizebiT xSirad 

SesaZlebeli xdeba umciresobaTa moswavleebis akademiuri 

CamorCenis mizezebis povna da axsna. 

mSoblebma aucileblad unda gaacnobieron, rom maT gaaCniaT 

uflebebi da valdebulebebi da agreTve Zalaufleba, rom gavlena 

moaxdinon sakuTari Svilis ganaTlebis procesze: yvelaze mTavaria 

mSoblis dadebiTi damokidebuleba im faqtis mimarT, rom misi 

Svili swavlobs or an sam enaze. miuxedavad imisa, rom mSoblebma 

SesaZloa ar icodes romelime maTgani, mas mainc Tavisuflad 

SeuZlia daexmaros bavSvs, Seiswavlos es enebi. amisaTvis mSobeli 

regularulad unda ekiTxebodes bavSvs, ra Temaze saubroben 

skolaSi sxvadasxva gakveTilze, ra iyo misTvis mniSvnelovani, ra 

ainteresebs da aRelvebs... amiT bavSvi igrZnobs, rom rasac is 

akeTebs skolaSi, mniSvnelovani da seriozulia, igi dainteresdeba 

ufro metad. kargi iqneba, mSobelma gamoiyenos SesaZlebloba da 

iswavlos sakuTari Svilisgan is ena, romelsac ver flobs... es 

daexmareba bavSvs TviTSefasebaSi, swavlaSi da, rasakvirvelia, 

ganaviTarebs Tavad mSoblis enobriv SesaZleblobebsac. 

bevri miiCnevs, rom bavSvs unda elaparakon aramSobliur 

enaze, Tu is swavlobs mravalenovan klasSi. sinamdvileSi es ase ar 

aris. Tu mSobeli bavSvTan yovelTvis saubrobda mSobliur enaze 

da uceb daiwyebs saubars sxva enaze _ warmoiqmneba arabunebrivi 

15

situacia, bavSvica da mSobelic igrZnoben Tavs uxerxulad da 

Sedegi iqneba sawinaaRmdego... amitom aucilebelia, saxlSi 

gaagrZeloT laparaki im enaze, romelzec saubrobdiT adre. bavSvi 

sxva enebs mSoblis Carevis gareSec kargad iswavlis mravalenovan 

jgufSi. 

mSoblebisTvis saukeTeso rCevaa, daamyaron mWidro kontaqti 

maswavleblebTan. maswavleblebi iqnebian maTi madlierebi, Tu isini 

dausvamen kiTxvebs da mouyvebian, ra problemebi aqvT; aseve, 

mizanSewonilia saubari Svilis warmatebebze. erTad unda 

ganixilebodes sirTuleebi saSinao davalebebis Sesrulebisas da, 

aseve, erTad gamoinaxos gamosavali. bavSvebi da maswavleblebi 

iqnebian mSoblebis madlierebi, Tu isini dainteresdebiT, ra xdeba 

skolaSi. mSoblebma aucileblad unda miiRon monawileoba 

sxvadasxva saxis RonisZiebebSi da daeswron mSobelTa krebebs. 

16

3. ra midgomebi arsebobs enis swavlebaSi 

zogadad enis Seswavlis (dauflebis) meTodebi SeiZleba 

dayvanil iqnes Semdeg nusxamde: 

a) ucxo enis originalur wyarosTan Sexeba: 

enis matarebelTan urTierToba; 

enis matarebelTa metyvelebis mosmena; 

radios, magnitofonis, Canawerebis mosmena; 

televizoris, videos yureba; 

daumuSavebeli da araadaptirebuli teqstebis kiTxva 

(Jurnal-gazeTebi, reklamebi, firniSebi da a. S.); 

kompiuteruli programebis gamoyeneba; 

kompiuterTan urTierToba interaqtiur da avtonomiur 

reJimSi; 

kursis mosmena, sadac swavleba mocemul ucxo enaze 

mimdinareobs. 

b) ucxo enaze arsebuli specialurad SerCeuli zepiri 

gamoTqmebis an werilobiTi teqstebis gamoyeneba („xelmisawvdomi 

informacia“ sawyis etapze); 

g) enis matarebelTan uSualo dialogi. magaliTad, 

kompetentur mosaubresTan dialogSi monawileoba; 

d) ucxo enaze specialurad SemuSavebul da Seqmnil 

davalebebSi uSualo monawileoba („gasagebi informacia“ 

damamTavrebel etapze); 

e) TviTswavleba (vinmes xelmZRvanelobiT), dasaxuli miznis 

ganxorcieleba da xelmisawvdom saswavlo saSualebaTa gamoyeneba. 

kvlevebma gviCvena, rom enebis swavlebis tradiciuli, 

gramatikisa da leqsikis dazepirebaze dafuZnebuli moZvelebuli 

oficialuri meTodebi, ar aris sakmarisi da rom bavSvebi ukeTesad 

swavloben interaqtiuri meTodebiT, roca isini ki ar izepireben, 

17

uSualod iyeneben enas. mravalenovani ganaTlebis kidev erTi win 

gadadgmuli nabijia, roca igi sxvadasxva enas iyenebs saswavlo 

kursis sxvadasxva nawilis Sesaswavlad. amis meSveobiT moswavleebs 

aqvT imis SesaZlebloba da stimuli, rom Tavisuflad flobdnen 

enebs. mravalenovan swavlebas safuZvlad udevs Zalian moqnili 

koncefcia, romelic sxvadasxva modelis gamoyenebas uSvebs, 

magaliTad, imis dadgenaSi, Tu saswavlo kursis ra moculoba unda 

iswavlebodes TiToeul enaze. gansxvavebuli SeiZleba iyos agreTve 

klasebis Semadgenlobac, magaliTad, klasSi garkveul 

gakveTilebze SeiZleba iyvnen umciresobisa da umravlesobis 

warmomadgeneli bavSvebi. amas didi upiratesoba aqvs sxvadasxva 

jgufebis bavSvebis dasaaxloeblad: am gziT uSualod 

stimulirdeba integrireba, Semcirdeba erTmaneTis mimarT mtrobis 

riski da dasustdeba uaryofiTi stereotipebi, romlebsac zogjer 

sxvadasxva saskolo sistema warmoSobs. umravlesobis 

warmomadgenel bavSvebs amiT umciresobis warmomadgenel 

klaselebTan daaxloebisa da maTi enisa Tu kulturis gacnobis 

SesaZleblobac eZlevaT. aqedan gamomdinare, maTSi gaRvivdeba sxva 

kulturisa da enis pativiscema iseve, rogorc sakuTarisa. aseTi 

bavSvebi ara mxolod ufro tolerantulebi gaizrdebian 

mravalferovnebis mimarT, aramed isini ukeTesad gaigeben 

mravalferovani sazogadoebis upiratesobas. Semdegi sakiTxi exeba 

asakis SerCevas - romeli asakidan SeiZleba mravalenovani 

ganaTlebis dawyeba. es is sakiTxia, romelTan dakavSirebiTac 

mTeli rigi qveynebis gamocdilebam gviCvena amgvari ganaTlebis 

adreul asakSi dawyebis upiratesoba. am dros ZiriTadi aqcenti 

gadatanilia patara bavSvebis mier enebis advilad Seswavlis 

unarze. 

Zalian efeqturad miiCneven mkvlevrebi transenobriv meTods. 

transenobrivi meTodi gulisxmobs, rom kiTxva da mosmena 

xorcieldeba erT enaze, xolo producireba (laparaki da wera) - 

meore enaze da swavlebis procesSi enebis funqciebi xSirad 

18

icvleba. magaliTad, gakveTilze moswavleebi kiTxuloben 

inglisurad, xolo diskusia am sakiTxze mimdinareobs espanurad, 

xolo maswavlebeli diskusiis procesSi akeTebs dazustebebs 

inglisurad. gakveTi-lis bolos moswavleebi asruleben weriT 

davalebas espanurad. meore gakveTilze enebis daniSnuleba 

icvleba, inglisuri gamoiyeneba producirebisTvis, xolo espanuri 

_ mosmenisa da kiTxvis unarebis gansaviTareblad... 

19

4. meore enis swavleba sagnobriv Sinaarsze dafuZnebiT 

saswavlo sagnis Sinaarsisa da enis aTvisebis integrireba 

bilingvuri saswavlo procesis erT-erTi mTavari amocanaa, 

romelic maswavlebelma unda Seasrulos, raTa Tavisi sagnis 

qarTulad swavlebaze warmatebulad gadasvla SeZlos. es marTlac 

rTuli problemaa, romlis gadaWrac mxolod maswavlebelTa 

TanamSromlobis Sedegad aris SesaZlebeli. aq, upirvelesad, 

igulisxmeba qarTulis, rogorc meore enis, maswavleblebsa da sxva 

saswavlo sagnebis maswavleblebs Soris aqtiuri da regularuli 

TanamSromloba. 

bilingvuri ganaTlebis winaaRmdeg erT-erTi mTavari 

argumenti is mosazrebaa, TiTqos moswavleebi saswavlo sagans ver 

iTviseben meore enis SezRuduli codnis gamo _ maT saswavlo 

sagani unda aiTvison enaze, romelic jer kidev aTvisebis 

stadiaSia. marTlac, kvlevebi adasturebs, rom akademiuri da 

rTuli enis gamoyeneba saswavlo sagnis aTvisebis dros gadaulaxav 

sirTuleebs uqmnis im moswavleebs, romelTac swavlebis enis mwiri 

codna aqvT. aseve, ar SeiZleba saswavlo sagnis Sinaarsis 

Seswavlis gadadeba _ es iwvevs CamorCenas swavlaSi tolebTan 

SedarebiT da swavlis survils ukargavs moswavles (ievina, 2009, 

gv.79). amas garda, sagnobrivi pedagogebi SiSoben, integrirebul 

gakveTilze enobrivi kompetenciebis amaRlebisTvis garkveuli 

drois daTmoba daazaralebs erovnul saswavlo gegmas mocemul 

saganSi (maTematikaSi, fizikaSi, geografiaSi da a.S.), romlis 

dafarvac savaldebuloa... 

swavlebis enisa da saswavlo sagnobrivi Sinaarsis 

integrireba niSnavs enobrivi komponentebis sagnobriv gakveTilebSi 

CarTvas. integrirebuli midgoma agebs xids meore enis gakveTilebsa 

20

da sagnobriv gakveTilebs Soris. am midgomis gamoyenebis Sedegad 

ori dadebiTi Sedegi miiRweva: meore enisa da sxva saswavlo sagnis 

masalis (sagnobrivi Sinaarsis) aTviseba. 

saswavlo sagnis gakveTilze maswavlebeli saswavlo masalas 

moswavlis Semecnebis donis Sesabamisad aswavlis, xolo moswavlis 

enis codnis donis Sesabamisad irCevs sakomunikacio aqtivobebs; ase 

rom, ena iqceva masalis aTvisebis saSualebad, instrumentad da ara 

swavlebis sagnad. 

enisa da sagnobrivi Sinaarsis integrirebuli swavleba 

ramdenime umniSvnelovanesi unaris ganviTarebas moiTxovs 

pedagogisgan: es erTnairad exeba rogorc meore enis pedagogs, aseve 

sxva sagnebis maswavleblebsac: 

mravalferovani informaciis matareblebis gamoyeneba _ 

raTa meore enis masala SeZlebisdagvarad martivad aRsaqmeli 

gaxdes, maswavlebelma informacia Semecnebis mravalferovani 

masalis gamoyenebiT unda miawodos moswavleebs: realuri sagnebis, 

cxrilebis, gamosaxulebebis, diagramebis, aseve demonstrirebis, 

winaswar wakiTxvisa da weris strategiebis gamoyenebiT. 

moswavleebze orientirebuli swavlebis procesis 

organizeba _ swavlebis centrSi unda iyos moswavle, misi 

interesebi da saWiroebebi. moswavle aris aqtiuri obieqti, 

maswavleblis funqciaa, moswavleebis TanamSromlobasa da 

TiToeuli moswavlis codnis miRebis procesSi aqtiur CarTvas 

Seuwyos xeli. maswavlebelma samuSao ise unda dagegmos, rom 

moswav-les analizis unari ganuviTaros, rac asaTvisebeli masalis 

SemdgomSi gamoyenebisTvis aris aucilebeli (ievina, 2010, gv. 82). 

integrirebuli gakveTilis Catarebas seriozuli momzadeba 

esaWiroeba: upirvelesad, gansasazRvria rogorc sagnobrivi, aseve 

enobrivi miznebi. gasaazrebeli da dasagegmia TiToeuli aqtivoba _ 

dasazustebelia SerCeul aqtivobaSi TiToeuli enis _ 

21

mSobliurisa Tu meore enis _ funqcia (magaliTad, terminebs, 

sqemebs, TvalsaCinoebas vadgenT qarTul enaze, aseve, qarTulad 

vaZlevT martiv instruqciebs: ùpasuxe~, `moyevi gakveTili~, 

`Seasrule davaleba~ da sxva); rac Seexeba narativs (magaliTad, 

moswavlis mier davalebis moyola), am etapze ar unda vaiZuloT 

moswavle, meore enaze daZlios es rTuli davaleba. 

integrirebuli midgomis dagegmvisTvis upriania momzadebis 

Semdegi xerxi: sanam integrirebuli meTodis gamoyenebas daiwyebdes, 

sagnis maswavlebelma unda icodes, Tu ra xerxebs iyenebs meore 

enis pedagogi Tavis gakveTilebze. am informaciis misaRebad 

maswavleb-lebi erTmaneTis gakveTilebs unda daeswron da klasSi 

muSaobis process daakvirdnen. rasakvirvelia, kargia, Tuki sagnisa 

da enis maswavleblebi winaswar iqnebian momzadebulebi trenirebis 

gziT. 

enisa da sxva saswavlo sagnis maswavleblebma, erTad 

muSaobis dros, unda daadginon enobrivi sirTuleebi da 

moswavlisTvis saWiro unarebi, romlebic Sesabamisi sagnis masalis 

aTvisebisTvis aris aucilebeli (magaliTad, saxelmZRvanelos 

wakiTxvis unari; savarjiSoebis rveulSi davalebis Sesrulebis 

unari; sxvadasxva terminis mniSvnelobis garkvevis unari; sakuTari 

azris gamoTqmisa da dasabuTebis unari da sxva). 

Semdegi nabiji sagnobrivi da enis maswavleblis erToblivi 

muSaobis procesSi im problemebis dadgenaa, romlebic SesaZloa 

SeeqmnaT moswavleebs ama Tu im masalis (igulisxmeba sagnobrivi 

masala) aTvisebisas. aseTi saxis problemebi SeiZleba warmoiSvas, 

magaliTad, imis gamo, rom saxelmZRvaneloebis an sxva, damxmare 

teqstebis leqsika zedmetad rTulia. aseT SemTxvevebSi meore enis 

maswavlebeli exmareba sagnobriv pedagogs TvalsaCinoebebis 

SedgenaSi, sadac maqsimalurad gamartivebuli iqneba Sesaswavli 

aucilebeli terminebi da is martivi enobrivi konstruqciebi, 

22

omelTa gamoyenebiTac moswavle SeZlebs codnis gamovlenas meore 

enaze, ZiriTadi saTqmelis gadmocemas qarTulad. 

sagnobrivma maswavlebelma unda daadginos Tavisi sagnis 

swavlebis procesSi yvelaze xSirad gamosayenebeli sityvebis 

CamonaT-vali. meore enis maswavlebelTan TanamSromlobiT unda 

uzrunvelyos am sityvebis sworad gamoyenebis unari. SesaZloa, 

Zalian gamoadgeT ZiriTadi sityvebis moswavleebisaTvis winaswar 

gacnoba. maswavlebels SeuZlia, gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi 

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba gaamaxvilos iseT sityvebze, romelTac 

SeuZliaT moswavleTa azrovneba swori mimarTulebiT waiyvanon, 

daexmaron mizezSedegobrivi kavSiris povnasa da pasuxebis 

moZiebaSi. 

integrirebuli gakveTilis axsnisas aucilebelia 

mravalferovani vizualuri masalis gamoyeneba; magaliTad, SeiZleba 

qaRaldze amowerili da amoWrili, qarTul enaze Sesrulebuli 

saWiro terminebis mikroba. es damatebiTi informacia garkveuli 

periodis ganmavlobaSi SeiZleba darCes vizualur masalaze 

ganTavsebuli. roca darwmundebiT, rom moswavleebma axali 

terminebi aiTvises, mikrobili furclebis moxsna SegiZliaT. aseve, 

maswavlebelma unda Seqmnas situaciebi, romlebSic mas SeuZlia 

darwmundes, rom moswavleebi axal terminebs srulad daeuflnen. 

gakveTilis dagegmvisas maswavlebelma unda daisaxos 

umniSvnelovanesi miznebi da swored maT moargos Sesabamisi masala, 

raTa gamousadegari wvrilmanebisa da detalebis swavlebas 

aaridos Tavi. sagnis maswavlebels SeuZlia moZebnos 

alternatiuli saswavlo wignebi an sxva masala, romelTa 

ganmartebebic ufro Seesabameba meore enis aTvisebis procesSi myof 

moswavleebs. maswavlebels, aseve, SeuZlia ukve arsebuli teqstebis 

moswavlis enis codnis donis Sesabamisad adaptireba; ar unda 

dagvaviwydes, rom saWiroa pirvel rigSi Zalian martivad aRsaqmeli 

23

masalis momzadeba axali Temis saswavleblad, xolo Semdeg 

gakveTilebze enobrivi mraval-ferovnebis TandaTanobiTi zrda, 

sanam Tema srulad iqneba aTvisebuli. 

Zalian mniSvnelovania, gakveTilis dasawyisSi miznebi dafaze 

daiweros da qarTul enaze xmamaRla davasaxeloT (SesaZlebelia, 

moswavleebsac gavameorebinoT es miznebi). sasargeblo iqneba aseve 

imis ganmarteba, rom es gakveTili wina da Semdeg gakveTilebTan 

mWidro kavSirSia. 

sanam moswavleebi raime samuSaos Sesrulebas Seudgebodnen, 

maswavlebelma maT savarjiSos sruli aRwera unda gaacnos: 

sasurvelia, pedagogma SeZlos am aRweris qarTul enaze wardgena, 

Tumca, gaviTvaliswinoT, rom pirobis gageba umniSvnelovanesi 

komponentia da mSobliuri enis gamoyenebis SezRudva am 

komponentSi mizanSeuwonelia. amis Semdeg maswavlebels SeuZlia 

moswavleebs misces ufleba, es davaleba safexurebad Tavad 

Seasrulon. es xerxi gansakuTrebiT maTematikisa da sxva zusti 

mecnierebebis savarjiSoebis SesrulebisTvisaa xelsayreli. 

saWiroa, rom moswavleebs TanamSromlobisa da klasSi 

samuSaod urTierTkavSirisTvis winapiroba SevuqmnaT. yovlad 

dauSvebelia, rom maswavlebelma mxolod leqciis formati 

gamoiyenos _ TviTon ilaparakos bevri, xolo moswavleebi 

pasiurebi iyvnen; moswavleebis damoukidebel, wyvilebSi an 

jgufebSi muSaoba saukeTeso formaa integrirebuli swavlebisaTvis. 

isini aqtiurad unda iyvnen CarTulni gakveTilis yvela monakveTSi. 

am SemTxvevaSi moswavleebi kargad aiTviseben rogorc sagnobriv 

masalas, aseve, gaiumjobeseben enis codnas. maswavlebelma 

xelovnurad unda Seqmnas situaciebi, romlebSic moswavleebs 

SesaZlebloba miecemaT, sagnis Sesabamisi leqsika gamoiyenon da 

sagnobrivi Sinaarsis Sesaxeb sakiTxebze isaubron, aseve, 

werilobiT gamoTqvan azri qarTul enaze. 

24

enis aTvisebis procesSi moswavleebi saubrisas Secdomebs 

uSveben. es bunebrivi movlenaa. bilingvali maswavlebeli 

darwmunebuli unda iyos, rom moswavleebs esmiT informacia da ar 

unda miaqcios gadaWarbebiT didi yuradReba orTografiisa da 

stilistikis aspeqtebs. ra Tqma unda, maswavlebelma Tavad swori 

forma unda SesTavazos, magram misgan gamarTuli metyvelebis 

moTxovna gaumarTlebelia. mTavari roli enis sworad gamoyenebis 

aTvisebaSi enis maswavlebels uWiravs da ara ama Tu im sagnis 

pedagogs. 

integrirebuli gakveTilis warmatebuli SedegisaTvis didi 

mniSvneloba eniWeba sworad da gemovnebiT SerCeul aqtivobebs. 

airCieT aqtivobebi, romlebic moswavleebs daexmareba, Tavad 

aRmoaCinon axali informacia; maswavlebeli exmareba moswavleebs 

informaciis organizebaSi da Sesasrulebeli moqmedebebis 

Tanmimdevrobas ugegmavs. sabunebismetyvelo mimarTulebis an 

socialur mecnierebaTa gakveTilebze didi warmatebiT SeiZleba im 

xerxebis gamoyeneba, romlebSic moswavleebi proeqtis meTodiT 

ikvleven Tavisive arCeul Temas. maswavlebeli moqmedebs rogorc 

koordinatori _ moswavle gansazRvravs problemas, eZebs mis 

mizezebs, atarebs kvlevebs an eqsperiments da problemis 

gadawyvetis gzebs eZebs. enis codnis done, azris gasagebad 

gamoTqmis unari da proeqtis SemuSavebis procesSi sxvebis azris 

gageba iZens konkretul praqtikul mniSvnelobas. am dros 

SesaZlebelia qarTuli enis _ rogorc informaciis mogrovebis, 

monacemTa damuSavebis, argumentirebis saSualebad gamoyeneba. 

rekomendebulia, maswavlebelma gamoiyenos aqtivobebi, 

romlebSic moswavleebisTvis nakluli informaciis moZieba iqneba 

saWiro: am tipis aqtivobebs miekuTvneba roluri TamaSebi, 

situaciuri, kiTxva-pasuxebis savarjiSoebi, problemebis gadawyveta. 

TiToeul moswavles (klasSi an jgufSi) aqvs erTi an ori 

25

informaciis fragmenti, romlebic savarjiSos Sesasruleblad aris 

aucilebeli, magram ar aris saWiro informaciis srulad miwodeba. 

moswavleebma erTad unda imuSaon, unda gacvalon informacia. am 

xerxiT maTi metyvelebis da azrovnebis unaris gavarjiSeba da enis 

donis gaumjobeseba SeiZleba. 

26

5. moswavleTaTvis enis aTvisebis procesSi 

gamosayenebeli ZiriTadi principebi 

gakveTilze gamoyenebuli terminebi, axali sityvebi da 

frazebi gaxadeT moswavleTaTvis gasagebi: moaxdineT maTi peri- 

frazireba, gaamartiveT isini, gamoiyeneT Jestikulacia, konteqsti, 

realizmi da a.S. 

gaxsovdeT, rom gageba (gacnobiereba) da warmoTqma (gadmoce- 

ma) ar aris erTi da igive. ar DdaaZaloT moswavleebs, gansakuTre- 

biT sawyiss etapze, kiTxvebze pasuxis gacema da sityvebis axsna. 

mieciT maT imis saSualeba, rom qceviT da moqmedebebiT moaxdinon 

reagireba Tqvens naTqvamze. 

praqtikuloba 

gadaamowmeT winadadebebi, romelTa warmoTqmasac apirebT 

gakveTilze sakuTari TavisaTvis ori SekiTxvis dasmis gziT: vi- 

tyodi Tu ara rodesme (davsvamdi Tu ara aseT SekiTxvas) Cems 

mSobliur enaze? Cem mier warmoTqmuli azri/SekiTxva dakavSire- 

bulia Tu ara im codnasTan da unarebTan, romelTa aTvisebasac va- 

pirebT programis mixedviT? 

interesunarianoba 

moerideT iseTi kiTxvebis dasmas, romelTa pasuxebi winaswar 

aris nagulisxmevi. 

27

mimzidveloba 

airCieT mimzidveli Sinaarsis masala da aseve muSaobis 

gasarTobi forma. rodesac maswavleblis mizania moswavlisaTvis 

enis ganviTareba, xSirad kiTxvebi da davalebebi warmodgenelia 

primitiuli saxiT, inteleqtualuri datvirTvis gareSe. 

moswavleebs esaWiroebaT axali, ucnobi masalebi, Secdomebze 

swavlis SesaZlebloba. iseTi davaleba, romelic moiTxovs 

problemis gadaWras, sadac aris moulodnelobebi, saubrisaTvis 

ufro met stimuls warmoadgens, gramatikul savarjiSoebTan 

SedarebiT. 

mieciT moswavleebs sakmarisad bevri Ria tipis davaleba, 

raTa aman gamoiwvios axali daugegmavi sityvebi da struqturis 

gadmocemis aucilebloba. 

SearCieT iseTi davaleba, romelic moiTxovs erTdroulad 

ramdenime unaris CarTvas, gaaerTianeT enobrivi Semoqmedeba da 

informatiuli elementebi. 

Tanmimdevruloba 

gakveTilis dagegmvis procesSi, orientireba moaxdineT 

moswavleTa gamocdilebaze, aRwereT, Tu rogor SeuZlia moswavles 

axlad SeZenili codnisa da unarebis gamoyeneba, da ramdenad 

sasargeblo iqneba maTi gamoyeneba momdevno gakveTilze axali 

masalisa da unarebis aTvisebis procesSi. 

28

6. swavla-swavlebis principebi zogadsaganmanaTleblo 

skolebis sabazo da saSualo safexurebze 

bilingvuri swavlebis warmatebiT warmarTvisaTvis aucilebelia 

swavla/swavlebis principebis gaTvaliswineba sabazo da saSualo 

skolaSi. 

principi 1. moswavle swavlobs ukeT, roca iTvaliswineben mis in- 

dividualur Taviseburebebs. 

amisaTvis maswavlebelma unda: 

SearCios swavlebis iseTi meTodebi, romlebic Seesatyvise- 

ba moswavlis asakobriv Taviseburebebs; 

SesTavazos moswavleebs mravalferovani aqtivobebi, sa- 

varjiSoebi, davalebebi maTi individualur TaviseburebaTa 

gaTvaliswinebiT (xasiaTi, swavlis stili, inteleqtualuri 

unarebi, Zlieri da susti mxareebi). 

aRWurvos moswavle saswavlo strategiebiT, romlebic mas 

swavlas gauadvilebs da ufro damoukidebels gaxdis. 

principi 2. moswavle ukeT iswavlis, Tu mas miecema pirovnuli po- 

tencialis ganviTarebis saSualeba. 


gamoumuSavos moswavleebs dadebiTi damokidebuleba sa- 

kuTari Tavis, sxvebis, swavlis, garemomcveli samyaros, 

saxelmwifo enis mimarT; 

Camouyalibos moswavleebs konstruqciuli damokidebule- 

ba Secdomis mimarT da gaacnobierebinos mas, rom Secdoma 

29

swavlis procesis ganuyofeli nawilia (Secdomebis gamo- 

vlena da gaanalizeba ganapirobebs winsvlas); 

mkafiod ganusazRvros moswavles, Tu ras elian misgan; 

Seqmnas ndobis atmosfero, sadac iqneba TanamSromloba 

da ara konkurencia, Sejibri. 

principi 3. moswavle ukeT swavlobs enas, rodesac igi motivirebu- 

lia. 


misces moswavles saSualeba daakvirdes asaTvisebel 

masalas damoukideblad, gamoTqvas varaudebi, aRmoaCi- 

nos, mixvdes, amoicnos, Seadaros, rasac Tanamedrove 

pedagogika codnis konstruirebas, agebas uwodebs; 

swavlebis Sinaarsi miusadagos moswavleTa interesebs; 

Seqmnas iseTi sakomunikacio, realuri situaciebi, ro- 

mlebic mimzidveli iqneba moswavleebisaTvis; 

dausaxos moswavleebs realisturi, daZlevadi amoca- 

nebi da miznebi, raTa moswavleebma igrZnon warmatebis 

gemo; 

waaxalisos warmateba, daafasos da Seafasos winsvla. 

mniSvnelovania im asakobrivi Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebac, 

romlebic mniSvnelovnad gansazRvravs warmatebas swavlebasa da 

swavlaSi. 

am etapze gasaTvaliswinebeli asakobrivi Taviseburebebia: 

fizikuri da fsiqikuri puberteti (momwifeba). 11-12 wlidan 

individis sulieri organizaciis iseTi cvlileba iCens Tavs, 

romelic, pirvel rigSi, mis moqmedebaTa Tu gancdaTa stiqiurad 

aRkveTaSi vlindeba. mozardis damokidebuleba movlenebTan da 

30

sagnebTan, iseve rogorc socialur sinamdvilesTan, sxvagvaria, 

vidre bavSvobis xanaSi. igi SemecnebiTia da ara gulubryvilo. 

mozardi cdilobs gaiazros movlenebi, swored amitom am asakSi 

iwyeba da Semdeg Zlierdeba mozardis fsiqologiuri da 

filosofiuri azrovneba. ganviTarebis am safexurze ”mes” manamde 

ramdenadme gaurkveveli cnobiereba icvleba cxadi da 

gamokveTili TviTcnobierebiT. masSi iRviZebs kritikuli 

damokidebuleba sakuTari Tavis mimarT da ara marto sakuTari 

Tavis, aramed sxvebis mimarTac. amitom masTan uxeSi 

damokidebuleba, mis kritikaze mZafri reagireba konfliqtis 

warmoSobis pirobad iqceva. am konfliqtma SeiZleba 

gamousworebebli ziani miayenos mozards. mas yvelaze da 

yvelaferze sakuTari Sexeduleba gaaCnia da es maswavlebelma 

unda gamoiyenos swavlebisa da swavlis procesSi. misces mas 

azris Tavisuflad gamoxatvis saSualeba, maT Soris meore 

enazec, ar miaqcios yuradReba aseT dros enobriv Secdomebs. 

am periodSi aRmocendeba sakuTari pirovnebis socialuri 

aRiarebisadmi Zlieri miswrafeba. mozards uCndeba Zlieri 

moTxovnileba, hqondes wona socialur garemoSi. amitom am dros 

gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba waxalisebas, sxvebis TvalSi 

misi avtoritetis amaRlebas, misi SesaZleblobebis maqsimalur 

warmoCenas. am etapze kvlav aqtualuria roluri TamaSebisa da 

situaciuri amocanebis gamoyeneba saswavlo procesSi, magram ise, 

rom moswavlem ar igrZnos sakuTari ususuroba enaSi. amisaTvis 

maswavlebelma winaswar unda moamzados moswavleebi, miawodos 

mas is enobrivi konstruqciebi da Sesabamisi leqsika, romlebic 

moswavles am amocanebis daZlevaSi daexmareba. 

gardamavali asakis erT-erT damaxasiaTebel movlenas 

warmoadgens SromiTi unarianobis daqveiTeba. gansakuTrebiT es 

SeimCneva vaJebTan. magram amis gadalaxvac SeiZleba, Tu 

31

maswavlebeli gamonaxavs swor gzas. erT-erTi piroba, 

davaZlevinoT mozards es sirTule, aris is, rom moswavlis 

Sroma, Tundac minimaluri SedegiT, dafasebuli da mowonebuli 

iqneba. mozardebisaTvis aucilebelia ufrosebis aRiareba, maSin 

maT xalisi uCndebaT gaamarTlon maswavlebelTa pozitiuri 

Sexeduleba. sakmarisia mozards daakisron ufrosis funqcia 

umcrosebis mimarT, rom maT Secvalon swavlisadmi (Sromisadmi) 

damokidebuleba. magaliTad, daxmaros umcrosklaselebs 

saswavlo proeqtis ganxorcielebaSi, speqtaklis dadgmaSi an 

Tundac waukiTxos maT saintereso moTxrobebi / zRaprebi 

qarTul enaze. 

kidev erTi damaxasiaTebeli Tavisebureba am asakisaTvis aris ara 

ubralod urTierTobis moTxovnileba, aramed Zlieri survili _ 

ipovos gageba sxvebSi. yovel mozardSi Zlieria tendencia iyos 

aRiarebuli, gaugon da ar datovon gverdze. 

gardamavali asakis, gansakuTrebiT ki misi bolo fazisaTvis 

damaxasiaTebelia interesTa sruliad axali wris aRmoceneba. 

saxeldobr, mozards uCndeba interesi cxovrebis sxvadasxva 

sferos mimarT, gansakuTrebiT ekonomikuri sferos mimarT. man 

kargad icis qonebis an karieris mniSvneloba. aqedan gamomdinare, 

imis gacnobireba, rom keTildReobis miRweva da cxovrebaSi 

adgilis damkvidreba saxelmwifo enis dauflebiT SeiZleba, mas 

uRvivebs motivacias da es unda iyos mxardaWerili 

maswavleblebis mier. 

32

7. enis aTvisebis xelSemwyobi da xelis SemSleli 

faqtorebi 

xelSemwyobi faqtorebi: 

Tavisufali garemo 

moswavleebs SeuZliaT icinon, isxdnen TavianT sayvarel po- 

zaSi, gadaadgildnen klasSi, saswavlo procesidan miiRon siamovne- 

ba. 

gariskvis survili 

adamianebs, romlebsac uyvarT gariskva, aseve uyvarT gamoc- 

noba. isini ar eridebian sasacilo mdgomareobaSi Cavardnas da 

Tvlian., rom ,, vinc ar riskavs, is ver imarjvebs. 

warmatebaSi darwmunebuli. 

1. moswavleebi, romlebic darwmunebulni arian TavianT 

warmatebaSi, advilad moiZieben sxva gzas, im SemTxeve- 

vaSi, Tu pirveli cda ar gaamarTlebs. 

2. moTmineba da gacnobiereba imisa, rom erTbaSad 

yvelafris gageba SeuZlebelia. 

3. moswavle, romelic martivad miiRebs im faqts, rom 

yvelafris gageba erTbaSad SeuZlebelia, im 

SemTxvevaSic aqtiurad iTanamSromlebs, Tu davalebis 

Sinaarsi Tavidan ar iqneba misTvis srulebiT naTeli. 

33

xelisSemSleli faqtorebi: 

aRelveba, nerviuloba 

yvelaze Zlieri filtri aris nerviuloba. Tu bavSvi nerviulobs, 

wrialebs, oflianobs, fexebs iqnevs, es niSnavs, rom enobrivi 

informaciis miRebas xvdeba ,,filtri''. 

gariskvis survilis arqona. 

adamianebi, romlebsac ar uyvarT riski, advilad ikargebian. maT 

eSiniaT Secdomebis daSvebis sxvebis TvalSi sasacilod gamoCenis. 

warmatebaSi daeWveba. 

moswavleebi, romlebsac sakuTari Tavis rwmena ar gaaCniaT, 

arc cdiloben, da amas imiT xsnian, rom mainc ar gamouvaT. isini 

yovel Secdomas aRiqvamen ara rogorc axlis swavlis 

SesaZleblobas, aramed rogorc sakuTar nakls, rom maT ar 

SeuZliaT swavla. 

didi moculobis informaciasTan Tavis garTmevis 

SeuZlebloba. 

moswavle romelsac ar SeuZlia imasTan Segueba, rom yvela- 

fris erTad gageba SeuZlebelia, maswavleblis mxridan moiTxovs 

gamudmebiT axsnas da amJRavnebs mouTmenlobas, Tu maswavlebeli 

myisierad ar uxsnis yvela sityvis mniSvnelobas. 

34

8. pedagogTa TanamSromloba bilingvuri swavlebis 

procesSi 

bilingvuri swavlebis procesis warmatebuli realizebisTvis 

aucilebelia TanamSromloba moswavleebs Soris, aseve, 

maswavleblebs Soris da moswavleTa da maswavleblebs Soris. 

aucilebelia, rom am TanamSromlobis mniSvneloba bilingvuri 

ganaTlebis mTavarma realizatorebma gaiazron: ara mxolod 

qarTulis, rogorc meore enis, maswavleblebma, aramed sxva sagnebis 

maswavleblebmac erovnul umciresobaTa skolebSi. bilingvuri 

swavlebis procesis warmatebuli realizeba SeuZlebelia manam, 

sanam TiToeuli maswavlebeli mxolod Tavis sagans uRrmavdeba da 

imis Semdeg, roca igi gadis klasidan, ar interesdeba romelime 

konkretuli klasis mdgomareobiT, ar iqneba informirebuli imis 

Sesaxeb, Tu ras da rogor swavloben moswavleebi sxva 

gakveTilebze, gansakuTrebiT qarTulis, rogorc meore enis, 

gakveTilebze. ramdenime sagnis qarTul enaze swavlis dawyebis 

Semdeg izrdeba moswavlis datvirTva. maswavleblebisTvis 

sasargeblo iqneboda, xSirad Seikribon da isaubron imaze, Tu ras 

swavloben konkretuli klasis moswavleebi TiToeul saganSi. aseTi 

saxis informaciis gacvla aucileblad Seuqmnis maT samuSaos 

erTmaneTSi SeTanxmebisa da gaiolebis safuZvels. aseve, 

maswavleblebs SeuZliaT erTmaneTis gakveTilebs daeswron, raTa 

moswavleebis enis codnis doneSi darwmundnen. es TanamSromloba 

momgebiani iqneba maswavleblisTvisac, radganac kolegebs Soris 

TanamSromloba axali codnis SeZenas uwyobs xels da afarToebs 

TiToeuli maswavleblis warmodgenas Teoriisa da praqtikis 

gakveTilebze Sefardebis Sesaxeb. 

35

Cveulebrivi daxmareba ar niSnavs TanamSromlobas (rac, ra 

Tqma unda aseve aucilebelia), es aris samuSao procesis 

urTierTSeTanxmeba da kolegisTvis saswavlo gegmis 

daregulirebaSi daxmareba. Tu moswavleebi ver xedaven, rom mas- 

wavleblebi gundurad muSaoben, verc TviTon moaxerxeben amas. 

TanamSromloba unda ganixilebodes rogorc saSualeba, ro- 

melic moswavleTa urTierTkontaqts uzrunvelyofs, igi swavlebis 

socialuri mxarea. moswavle swavlebis procesSi erTveba, matu- 

lobs misi TviTSegneba da Tavdajereba, igi mzad aris riskisTvis, 

radganac klasSi dadebiTi socialur emociuri atmosfero sufevs. 

aseTi midgomisTvis Sesabamisi garemos Seqmnas, romlis 

centrSic moswavlea moqceuli, upirveles yovlisa, gaazreba sWir- 

deba, Tu ra unda gakeTdes imisaTvis, rom miRweul iqnes Tanam- 

Sromloba viwro gagebiT. es ara mxolod saubars iTvaliswinebs, 

aramed kompleqsur midgomas yvela unaris asaTviseblad. magaliTad, 

SesaZlebelia, teqsti TiToeulma moswavlem damoukideblad waikiT- 

xos, xolo Semdgom wyvilebSi ganixilon igi da mxolod amis Sem- 

deg daiwyon imaves ufro did jgufebSi keTeba da, sabolood, 

mTelma klasma erTad ganixilos... aseve, weriTi savarjiSoebis Se- 

sruleba nebismier safexurze SeiZleba. wakiTxvis an mosmenis win 

SesaZlebelia Temis zogadad ganxilva, raTa moswavleebs gavacnoT 

da gavuRvivoT interesi. 

jgufebSi da wyvilebSi muSaoba moswavleebs Soris Tanam- 

Sromlobas zrdis da maswavleblis mTel klasTan saubris auci- 

leblobis dros amcirebs. TanamSromlobis gamoyenebiT swavleba 

moswavles ayenebs yuradRebis centrSi da radikalurad cvlis 

klasikuri swavlebis models, roca maswavlebeli iwyebs saubars, 

moswavle mas pasuxobs, Sedegad maswavlebeli mis pasuxs afasebs. 

mcirericxovan jgufebSi muSaoba enis Sesaswavlad uaRresad 

mniSvnelovania. gasaTvaliswinebelia komunikaciuri swavlebis far- 

36

To SesaZleblobebi: uSualo garemo, Tavisufleba da moswavleTa 

CarTuloba, aseve, davalebebis diferenciaciis SesaZlebloba. mci- 

rericxovan jgufSi iqmneba bunebrivi dialogisTvis ukeTesi piro- 

bebi, vidre klasis organizebis nebismieri sxva xerxis gamoyenebis 

dros - moswavleebis organizebis es modeli, maswavleblisTvis mi- 

sawvdomi meTodebidan, erT-erTi yvelaze moqnili da pozitiuri, 

amasTan, integrirebis SesaZleblobis momcemia: jgufSi samuSao 

SeiZleba savarjiSoebze iyos koncentrirebuli, rac aviTarebs ro- 

gorc sworad, aseve Tavisuflad metyvelebis unars. mas SeuZlia 

sworad metyvelebis unaris ganviTarebis swavlebis efeqturobis 

gazrdac da moswavleebs jgufurad organizebuli samuSaos Segue- 

baSic daexmareba im donemde, rom maT SeZlon Tavisufali metyve- 

lebis savarjiSoebis Sesruleba erToblivad. pozitiur Sedegs aZ- 

lierebs maswavlebeli `CareviT~ (araformaluri swavlebiT), Ti- 

Toeul jgufTan misvliT, rac moswavleebs enis codnis faseul 

informacias aZlevs. 

37

9. mSobliuri enis roli bilingvuri ganaTlebis procesSi 

bilingvurad muSaobis dros ori ena gamoiyeneba, rogorc swav- 

lebis saSualeba anu instrumenti: moswavlis mSobliuri (umcire- 

sobis) ena da oficialuri (saxelmwifo) ena; an oficialuri ena da 

romelime ucxo ena. es ki imas niSnavs, rom maswavleblebi, romle- 

bic TavianT sagans moswavleebs bilingvurad aswavlian, muSaoben 

erT gundSi: gegmaven saswavlo masalas ara mxolod romelime kon- 

kretuli klasisTvis, aramed TiToeuli konkretuli TemisTvis, Se- 

saZlebelia raime konkretuli sakiTxisTvisac. am gziT saswavlo 

masalis zedmet gameorebas aridebs Tavs, SeTanxmebulia masalis 

Tanmimdevroba, aseve saswavlo masalis Seswavlis procesSi gamoye- 

nebadi ori enis urTierTTanamSromloba. aseve, mniSvnelovania 

swavlebis meTodebis gaazreba. im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki pedagogebi 

namdvilad profesionalurad zrunaven TavianTi moswavleebis cod- 

nasa da unarebze, yvela maswavleblis samuSao urTierTSeTanxme- 

bulia. amis Sedegad gakveTilisTvis gamoyofili dro efeqturad 

aris gamoyenebuli. 

swavlebis procesSi, ori enis gamoyenebis dros, ZiriTadi 

yuradReba unda mieqces konkretuli sagnis masalis aTvisebis pro- 

cess. enebi mxolod instrumentebia. mxolod dargis specialists 

SeuZlia Tavisi dargis Sesabamisi leqsikis swavleba. enis pedagogs 

- arc mSobliuri enis, arc meore enisas - ar SeuZlia iwinaswarme- 

tyvelos, SesTavazos da aswavlos yvelaferi romelime konkretuli 

enis farglebSi sxvadasxva mecnierebis sferoSi. amitom saswavlo 

sagnis maswavlebeli iyenebs, iribad amdidrebs moswavlis leqsikas 

da nawilobriv enasac aswavlis maT, imisda miuxedavad, es aris 

moswavleebis mSobliuri ena Tu swavlebis procesSi gamoyenebuli 

sxva ena. 

38

ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom bilingvuri swavlebis meTodolo- 

giis sakiTxebis Seswavlisas gansakuTrebuli yuradReba swavlebis 

procesSi, gakveTilis msvlelobis dros, enis gamoyenebas eqceva. 

enis arCevis ramdenime midgoma arsebobs. maswavlebels gaazrebuli 

unda hqondes, anu winaswar unda dagegmos enis gamoyenebis gegma 

gakveTilzec, moswavlis damoukidebeli muSaobis drosac, magali- 

Tad, saxlSi. 

enebis dagegmarebis meTods bevri aspeqti ganapirobebs. 

moswavlis asaki, zogadi ganviTareba, mSobliuri enis flobi- 

sa da meore enis aTvisebis done, socialuri gamocdileba, 

enis praqtikuli gamoyenebis gamocdileba, SesaZleblobebi, 

arsebuli codna da unarebi ganapirobebs imas, Tu ra raode- 

nobiT unda gamoviyenoT erTi an meore ena. 

saswavlo miznebi, davalebebi ganapirobebs, Tu romel enaze 

unda tardebodes esa Tu is mecadineoba Tu samuSao. 

dabalansebuli saswavlo masalis aTvisebisTvis gamoyofili 

drois monakveTis dagegmva ganapirobebs imas, Tu rodis da 

romeli ena unda gamoviyenoT axali Temis swavlis, gameore- 

bis, ukve naswavli masalis ganmtkicebis an saSinao davalebis 

Sesrulebisa Tu Semowmebis dros. 

swavlebis meTodebis arCevani ganapirobebs, Tu ras da ra 

enaze aswavlis maswavlebeli, Tu rogor da ra enaze muSao- 

ben moswavleebi. mniSvnelovania, Tu ramdenad kargad icnobs 

maswavlebeli enis swavlebis meTodebs da ramdenad Seswevs 

maTi gamoyenebis unari. 

saswavlo sagnis Sinaarsi, misi sirTulis safexuri (Teori- 

ulica da yoveldRiur praqtikaSi gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba), 

sxva saswavlo sagnebTan kavSirSi, SesaZlebelia saswavlo 

masalis nawilis yofaSi aTviseba, aseve, meore enaSi, ganapi- 

robebs, Tu rodis unda gamoviyenoT erTi an meore ena. 

39

gamoyenebuli saswavlo literatura, masala, masSi gamoyene- 

buli enis specifika (bavSvebis asakisTvis damaxasiaTebeli 

Tvisebebisa da enis ganviTarebis donis Sesabamisi - rogorc 

mSobliur enaSi, aseve meore enaSi) gansazRvravs, Tu rogor 

da rodis unda daexmaroT moswavleebs ara mxolod saswavlo 

masalis aTvisebaSi, aramed, aseve, mis gagebaSi meore enaze. 

sxva sagnebSi enis gamoyenebis gamocdileba (maswavleblis 

dagegmili) gansazRvravs, Tu ra ician ukve da ra SeuZliaT 

moswavleebs meore enis gamoyenebis dros. 

moswavlis saWiroebani ganaTlebis miRebis Semdgom procesSi. 

aq naxsenebia enebis (mSobliuri Tu meore) gamoyenebis (dagegma- 

rebis) mxolod zogierTi aspeqti, romelTa gaTvaliswineba mniSv- 

nelovania bilingvuri swavlebisa da swavlis dros. Tumca, kidev 

arsebobs TiToeuli saswavlo sagnis aTvisebis pirobebi. mudmivad 

unda vadevnoT Tvalyuri imas, Tu ramdenad iTviseben moswavleebi 

swavlebis sagans, izrdeba Tu ara meore enis gamoyeneba, umjobesde- 

ba Tu ara maTi mSobliuri enis codna. 

aqsiomaturia, rom yvelaze kargia swavlebis enad mSobliuri 

enis gamoyeneba. fsiqologiuri TvalsazrisiT, mniSvnelovania, 

radgan bavSvi avtomaturad iazrebs da unari aqvs, gamoxatos 

sakuTari mosazrebebi, roca procesi misTvis nacnob enaze 

mimdinareobs. socialurad mniSvnelovania, radgan moswavle 

sakuTari Tavis identificirebas axdens sakuTar TemTan. 

saganmanaTleblo kuTxiT, is swavlobs ufro swrafad da kargad 

mSobliur enaze, vidre misTvis ucxo enaze. 

mniSvnelovania, rom sruli Zalisxmeva mivmarToT, raTa bavSvebma 

SeZlon mSobliur enaze ganaTlebis miReba... ganaTlebis kuTxiT, 

mniSvnelovania, rom rac SeiZleba met xans gagrZeldes swavlebis 

procesSi mSobliuri enis gamoyeneba. swavlis dawyebis pirvel 

etapze ki umniSvnelovanesia, moswavle mSobliur enaze swavlobdes, 

40

adgan, erTi mxriv, kargad gebulobs am enaze da, meore mxriv, 

mSobliur enaze swavleba amcirebs im stress, rac moswavleSi 

Cndeba ojaxidan skolaSi Sesvlis dros. 

roca swavlebis procesSi ar xdeba mSobliuri enis gamoyeneba, 

moswavleebi sakuTar Tavs aRiqvamen CamorCenilebad, 

arasrulfasovnebad da sulelebad. maTi kultura Seuracxyofili, 

xolo moswavleebi SeSinebulebi, dabneulebi da travmirebulni 

xdebian. am yovelives SeiZleba hqondes grZelvadiani efeqtic. 

mSobliuri enis codna xels uwyobs meore enis aTvisebas. 

kvlevebma daadastures, rom moswavleebs, romlebic flobdnen 

mSobliur enas, ufro kargad hqondaT ganviTarebuli werisa da 

zepirmetyvelebis unarebi meore enaSi mSobliuri enis armcodne 

moswavleebTan SedarebiT. mSobliuri enis codna xels uwyobs 

unarebis transfers meore enis Seswavlisas. 

enobrivi kodebis Secvla (gadasvla mSobliuri enis 

gamoyenebidan - meore enis gamoyenebaze da piriqiT) farTod aris 

gavrcelebuli bilingvur klasSi. enobrivi kodebis Secvla ara 

mxolod gavrcelebulia umravles saganmanaTleblo situaciaSi, 

aramed bunebrivi procesicaa, radgan warmoadgens Seqmnili 

siZnelisadmi pragmatul pasuxs, radganac aseTi siZneleebi xSirad 

gvxvdeba, roca moswavleebi sagnobriv Sinaars swavloben im enaze, 

romelsac srulyofilad ver floben. swavleba moiTxovs Zalian 

did yuradRebas, xolo yuradRebis misapyrobad enis Secvla xSirad 

gauTviTcnobiereblad xdeba. maswavleblebi xSirad verc 

acnobiereben, rodis moaxdines enis Secvla, an saerTod Secvales 

Tu ara ena klasSi. 

enebis Secvlas klasSi moepoveba pedagogiuri da socialuri 

funqciebi mkvlevarTa dakvirvebiT, bilingvur klasSi mimdinare 

saubrebi da enebis cvlilebebi kargad asaxavs skolaSi arsebul 

konteqstsa da tradiciebs. magaliTad, maswavleblis mier enobrivi 

41

kodebis gamocvla SeiZleba niSnavdes gakveTilis dawyebas, 

gakveTilis sakiTxze gadasvlas, moswavlesTan specifikur 

interaqcias an gakveTilis Sinaarsidan saklaso menejmentze 

gadasvlas. 

klasSi enis gamoyeneba ganpirobebulia 3 faqtoriT: 1) 

maswavleblis enisadmi damokidebulebiT; 2) moswavlis enobrivi 

kompetenciiTa da enisadmi damokidebulebiT; 3) moswavlesa da 

maswavlebels Soris SeTanxmebiT. sawyis etapze enebis arCevani 

ganpirobebulia moswavleTa saWiroebebiT. maswavleblebi xSirad 

mimarTaven moswavlisaTvis nacnob enas masalis miwodebisas, Tumca 

am SemTxvevebSic did rols TamaSobs ganaTlebis sistemisa Tu 

skolis politika, romelic SeiZleba krZalavdes romelime enis 

gamoyenebas an piriqiT _ axalisebdes moswavlisaTvis gasageb enaze 

masalis miwodebas. 

saklaso oTaxSi enis gamoyeneba kidev ramdenime faqtoriTaa 

ganpirobebuli, kerZod, enebs Soris arsebuli statusiT, ori enis 

TanmimdevrobiTa da sinqronizaciiT, moswavlisa da maswavleblis 

SeTanxmebiT da a. S. saklaso oTaxSi mimdinare orenovani procesis 

gaazreba da axsna SesaZlebeli xdeba mxolod Temis, ekonomikuri, 

istoriuli, socialuri da politikuri konteqstis 

gaTvaliswinebiT. 

42

Tavi II 

1. teqstebze muSaoba bilingvuri ganaTlebis procesSi 

bilingvuri swavlebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani sakiTxia 

teqstze muSaoba. ramdenadac bilingvuri klasebisaTvis specialuri 

saxelmZRvaneloebi ar arsebobs, amdenad ZiriTad saswavlo saSua- 

lebad erTenovani saxelmZRvaneloebi gamoiyeneba. am saxelmZRva- 

neloebis moxmareba bilingvuri klasebisaTvis garkveuli meTodikis 

gaTva;liswinebas moiTxovs, rac teqstze muSaobis principebs gu- 

lisxmobs. 

teqstze muSaoba ramdenime etapad unda daiyos. pirveli etapi 

gulisxmobs maswavleblis muSaobas teqstze. maswavlebeli winaswar 

amzadebs teqsts klasisaTvis. amisaTvis igi iTvaliwinebs klasis 

enobriv dones, winaswar aanalizebs im problemebs, romlebic 

klasSi SeiZleba gaCndes teqstis damuSavebis procesSi. pirvel 

rigSi, unda moxdes teqstis enobrivi damuSaveba. amisaTvis maswav- 

lebelma sasurvelia gamoyos ramdenime mimarTuleba: 

terminebi 

da cnebebi 

zogadi 

leqsika 

frazebi konstruqciebi funqciuri 

43 

frazebi 

gakveTilis enac yoveli etapisaTvis winaswar unda daigegmos. 

maswavlebelma winaswar unda gaiazros, Tu romeli sakiTxis Sesax-

eb romel enaze isaubrebs an rogor miawodebs dasamuSavebel masa- 

las _ TargmaniT, sqemiT, zepiri ganmartebiT Tu sxva saSualebiT. 

ganvixiloT TiToeuli mimarTuleba: 

terminebi da cnebebi 

rogorc aRiniSna, maswavlebelma teqsti winaswar unda daamu- 

Saos. teqstis damuSavebisas calke unda gamoiyos is terminebi da 

cnebebi, romlebic mniSvnelovania axali sakiTxisaTvis. misi miwo- 

deba klasisaTvis SeiZleba saTanado ganmartebebiT moswavlis 

mSobliur enazec, magram umjobesia terminebisa da cnebebisaTvis 

grafikuli organizatorebis, sqemebis an cxrilebis gamoyeneba. es 

efeqturi saSualeba moswavles daexmareba ara marto terminebisa 

da cnebebis aTvisebaSi, aramed masalis kargad gaanalizebasac Seu- 

wyobs xels, radgan sagakveTilo procesis dasrulebis Semdeg an 

momdevno gakveTilze es masala saSualebas miscems moswavles, im- 

sjelos ganxilul sakiTxze sayrdeni sityvebis, gaanalizebuli 

cnebebisa da terminebi gamoiyenebiT. Tu arsebobs specialuri 

TvalsaCinoeba mocemul sakiTxze, sasurvelia maswavlebelma misi 

terminebi da cnebebi aseve calke daamuSavebinos klass, raTa, 

TvalsaCinoebaze dayrdnobiT, moswavlem advilad SeZlos termine- 

bis aTviseba da maTi msjelobaSi gamoyeneba. 

zogadi leqsika 

calke unda imuSaos maswavlebelma im sityvebze, romlebic 

uSualodaa dakavSirebuli sakiTxTan, magram warmoadgens zogad 

leqsikas, anu isini sxva sakiTxebze an sagnebSi msjelobisasac das- 

Wirdeba moswavles. maTi aTviseba aamaRlebs moswavleTa enobriv 

kompetencias. amgvari leqsika sasurvelia klass miewodos rogorc 

TargmaniT, ise ganmartebiTi axsniT, sinonimiTa da antonimiT. leq- 

sikis aTvisebisaTvis amgvari sqema SeiZleba gamoviyenoT. 

44

sityva 

frazebi 

sityva 

gavrcelebuli 

sityvaTSexameba 

ganmarteba 

teqstis winadadeba 

axali winadadeba 

sinonimi 

antonimi 

aseve, calke dasamuSavebelia frazebi, anu is Sesityvebebi, 

romlebic Temis analizisas da msjelobisas gamoadgeba moswavles. 

isini sayrdeni frazebis rols Seasruleben, amitom sasurvelia 

teqstidan calke amoviRoT isini da mivawodoT moswavles saTanado 

ganmartebiT (aq SesaZlebelia misi mSobliuri enac davixmaroT). 

unda gvaxsovdes, rom teqstis Targmna araefeqturi gzaa; amdenad, 

rac ufro metad damuSavdeba teqsti frazebis TvalsazrisiT da 

gamoiyofa calkeuli elementebi sagakveTilo procesSi, miT ufro 

45

gauadvildebaT maT SemdgomSi rogorc konkretul, mocemul masa- 

laze, ise sxva sakiTxebze msjeloba. calkeuli frazebi safuZvlia- 

nad unda damuSavdes, radgan isini im enobriv saSualebaTa ricxvs 

ganekuTvnebian, romlebic zrdis moswavlis mier enis akademiuri 

flobis dones da zogadad amaRlebs mis enobriv kompetencias. sa- 

survelia garkveuli frazebis gamoyenebiT Seiqmnas axali teqsti, 

rogorc werilobiT, ise zepirad, daisvas SekiTxvebi da ase Semdeg. 

konstruqciebi 

calkea dasamuSavebeli enobrivi konstruqciebi. maTSi igu- 

lisxmeba is gramatikuli sakiTxebi, romlebic metad mniSvnelovania 

gamarTuli msjelobisaTvis. mSobliuri enis matareblisaTvis es 

sruliad arasaWiro sferoa, magram enis SemswavlelisaTvis ki me- 

tad mniSvnelovani, radgan man momavalSi SeZlos ara marto sakiT- 

xis Sesaxeb azris gamoxatva, aramed SeZlos gamarTuli, salitera- 

turo enis normebis dacviT agebuli msjeloba, sworad gamoiyenos 

saxelis brunvis, zmnis, Tandebulis, ricxvis formebi... yovelive es 

sakiTxebze msjelobisas unda miewodos enis Semswavlels, radgan 

calkeul gramatikul sakiTxebze msjeloba misi gamoyenebis praqti- 

kul mxares ar gulisxmobs. aseTi konstruqciebi calke unda damu- 

Savdes, raTa moswavlem kargad gaacnobieros romeli enobrivi 

forma (brunva, ricxvi, Tandebuli, zmnis dro, sxva gramatikuli ka- 

tegoria) unda gamoiyenos konkretul SemTxvevaSi. aseTi konstruq- 

ciebis miwodebisas, ra Tqma unda, gramatikul sakiTxebze ki ar ga- 

maxvildeba yuradReba, aramed enobriv formebze, rogorc azris ga- 

moxatvis saSualebaze. konstruqciebSi maswavlebelma yuradReba 

unda gaamaxvilos imaze, rom es konkretuli konstruqcia moiTxovs 

konkretul brunvas, mocemul Tandebuls, Sesabamis ricxvis formas 

da ase Semdeg, Tumca sruliadac araa saWiro gramatikuli terminis 

gamoyeneba. aseTi konstruqciebi calke unda amoiweros da mos- 

wavles unda ganemartos, rom swori da gamarTuli msjelobisaTvis 

46

saWiroa maTi Seucvlelad gamoyeneba, radgan winaaRmdeg SemTxveva- 

Si azri damaxinjdeba an Seicvleba. magaliTisaTvis: am garemoebam 

gamoiwvia, sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT mniSvnelovania, am problemis 

Taobaze, am movlenebma gamoiwvia saTanado Sedegi... calke gamota- 

nili aseTi konstruqciebi xels Seuwyobs moswavleTa gamarTuli 

metyvelebis unar-Cvevebis gamomuSavebas. 

funqciuri frazebi 

aseve calke unda damuSavdes da moswavleebs miewodoT is 

funqciuri frazebi, romlebic maswavlebels dasWirdeba sakiTxis 

axsnisas. magaliTad: vnaxoT cxrilze, daxazeT cxrili, SeavseT 

cxrili, SeusabameT swori forma, daakavSireT, daajgufeT, moaxdi- 

neT klasifikacia, miuwereT qarTuli Sesatyvisebi, sqemis / cxrilis 

mixedviT imsjeleT... da ase Semdeg. maTi ganmartebis gareSe mos- 

wavle ver SeZlebs davalebis sworad Sesrulebas. amdenad, maswav- 

lebelma winaswar unda gaTvalos, rogor warimarTeba teqstze mu- 

Saoba da moswavleebs specialurad, axsna-ganmartebiT unda miawo- 

dos is funqciuri frazebi, romlebic sagakveTilo procesSi das- 

WirdebaT, raTa aman SemdgomSi ar gamoiwvios Seferxeba. 

bilingvuri swavlebis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxia 

teqstze muSaoba, radgan swored teqstia moswavlisaTvis sagnobri- 

vi codnis mimcemi da amave dros igi aris misi enobrivi kompeten- 

ciis amaRlebis umTavresi saSualeba, radgan enis akademiuri flo- 

bis dones mxolod am gziT vaRwevT. sxva SemTxvevaSi ena mxolod 

komunikaciis saSualebad darCeba enis SemswavlelisaTvis. amdenad, 

Tu teqstze muSaoba sworad ar warimarTa mizani verc erT sferoSi 

ver Sesruldeba da Tavad bilingvuri swavlebis formac safrTxis 

qveS dadgeba. es kargad unda axsovdes maswavlebels. 

47

2. grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyeneba 

ian amos komenskim Tavis naSromSi `didi didaqtika~ didaqtikis 

erT-erT umTavresad TvalsaCinoebis principi miiCnia: òqros kano- 

nad unda iqces piroba: moswavleebs unda meceT ufleba, SeigrZnon 

yvelaferi, rac ki SesaZlebelia SeigrZnon SegrZnebebis doneze: 

xilvadi - mxedvelobiT, xma - smeniT, suni - ynosviT, gemo - gemoTi, 

Sesaxebi - SexebiT.~ 

ratom aris xilvadoba ase mniSvnelovani? 

komenskis azriT, ra enasac ar unda vaswavlideT _ mSobliur 

enasac ki _ unda vaCvenoT nivTebi, romelTa ganmartebac sityvebia 

da unda vaswavloT sityvebiT gamoTqma yvelafrisa, rasac vxedavT, 

rasac vexebiT, rasac vWamT, raTa metyvelebis procesi da azri yo- 

velTvis paralelurad mimdinareobdes da orive viTardebodes er- 

Tad. aravis ar SeiZleba wavakiTxoT is, rac mas ar esmis, an movT- 

xovoT imis ganxilva, ris gamoTqmac mas sityvebiT ar SeuZlia. 

vizualuri saSualebebi damxmare saswavlo saSualebebia, ro- 

melTac aCveneben, demonstrirebas ukeTeben gakveTilze, raTa ufro 

gasagebi da advilad aRsaqmeli gaxdes saswavlo masala, miwodebu- 

li informacia, Teoriuli azri da ase Semdeg. vizualur saSuale- 

bebs, Cveulebriv, saswavlo procesis garkveuli safexuris saWiroe- 

bebisa da moTxovnebis, aseve moswavleebis asakidan gamomdinare 

Tvisebebis Sesabamisad amzadeben. maT ajgufeben bunebriv, xelovnur 

da simbolur vizualur masalad. 

vizualuri masala SeiZleba iyos: 

a) bunebis obieqtebi (demonstrirebis dros, eqskursiebze da gaseir- 

nebis dros), 

48

) specialurad Seqmnili saSualebebi (plakatebi, sqemebi, gamosax- 

ulebebi, foto suraTebi, naxatebi, geometriuli figurebi, muliaJe- 

bi, grafikuli cxrilebi, tabulebi), 

g) simboluri saSualebebi (rukebi, globusebi), 

d) modelebi (aparatebi, xelsawyoebi), 

e) saekrano saSualebebi (kino filmebi, diafilmebi, diapozitivebi 

da sxva), 

v) audiovizualuri saSualebebi (video Canawerebi, audio Canawere- 

bi). 

jgufi: 

tradiciulad gamoiyeneba vizualuri swavlebis meTodis ori 

ilustrirebis meTodi (saswavlo masalis amsaxvel saSuale- 

bebTan dakavSirebuli - plakatebis, rukebis, naxazebis, sqeme- 

bis, gamosaxulebebis, fotosuraTebis, grafikebis, diagrame- 

bis, tabulebis - gamoyenebasTan); 

demonstrirebis meTodi (raTa naCvenebi iyos sivrciTi sas- 

wavlo saSualebebi); 

ilustrireba procesia, romlis mizania Teoriis garkveuli ka- 

noni an movlena ukeT gasagebi gaxados magaliTis, vizualuri saSu- 

alebebis, sityvieri ganmartebebis, moZraobis da ase Semdeg daxma- 

rebiT. 

demonstrireba SesaZlebelia vizualuri masalis damzadebis 

dros, saswavlo eqsperimentebis dros maT Sesaxeb Sefasebebis da 

ganmartebebis gziT, anu maswavleblis, moswavlis an sxva pirovnebis 

mier naTqvamis gamoyenebiT. demonstrireba Sesaswavli nivTis, ob- 

ieqtis, movlenis cocxlad dakvirvebis SesaZleblobas uzrunve- 

lyofs, amgvarad, Sesabamisi saswavlo masalis Sinaarsis ukeTesad 

gaazrebas da aTvisebas uwyobs xels. 

49

vizualuri saswavlo masalis gamoyeneba rom efeqturi 

gaxdes, mniSvnelovania gvaxsovdes da gaviTvaliswinoT ramdenime 

piroba da moTxovna. 

saswavlo procesSi vizualuri meTodebis gamoyeneba moswav- 

leebis vizualur mxatvruli azrovnebis ganviTarebas uwyobs 

xels; aaqtiurebs yuradRebas da Semecnebis unars; konkreti- 

zacias ukeTebs saswavlo an gamosakvlev Teoriul sakiTxebs; 

nanax movlenebs ukeTebs sistematizebasa da klasificirebas; 

swavlisadmi interess ukeTebs stimulirebas (Sesabamisad, po- 

zitiuri motivaciis Camoyalibebas uwyobs xels); procesis da 

movlenebis modelirebis SesaZleblobas iZleva, romelTa 

realur droSi dakvirveba SeuZlebelia; saswavlo masalis 

aTvisebis donis Sesaxeb konkretuli informaciis miRebis Se- 

saZleblobas iZleva; 

ar SeiZleba xilvadoba TviTmiznad iqces. vizualuri masalis 

optimalurad gamoyeneba niSnavs amis mizandasaxulad keTebas, 

saswavlo gakveTilis mizanTan da ZiriTad davalebasTan kav- 

Siris gaTvaliswinebiT. xilvadobis meTodi unda daba- 

lansdes sxva meTodebis gamoyenebiT. 

xilvadoba SeiZleba axali saswavlo masalis axsnis dros 

iyos gamoyenebuli, aseve ukve naswavlis ganmtkicebisTvis da 

Sefasebis dros. mniSvnelovania gvaxsovdes rom vizualuri 

masalis gamoyeneba gakveTilisTvis gamoyofili dros 

sagrZnoblad dazogvaSi gvexmareba. 

vizualuri masalis damzadeba SeuZlia maswavlebels (gamoye- 

nebis win an gamoyenebis dros) da aseve moswavleebs (indivi- 

dualurad an jgufebSi, wyvilebSi muSaobaSi). damzadebul 

masalaSi maswavlebels Tavisufali adgilebis datoveba 

SeuZlia, romelic Semdgom moswavles SeeZleba Seavsos (miax- 

atos, miaweros rame, an raimes saxeli daarqvas). 

50

vizualuri masalis gamoyenebis dros unda darwmundeT, rom 

mas yvela moswavle kargad xedavs. 

mniSvnelovania moswavleebis asakobrivi jgufisTvis damax- 

asiaTebeli Tvisebebis gaTvaliswineba, mexsierebis dominanti 

saxeobebi. 

bilingvuri swavlisa da swavlebis dros gansakuTrebiT 

mniSvnelovania grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyeneba. es xerxi 

kargad Seesabameba ori saswavlo sagnis swavlebis miznebs (meore 

enisa da raime sxva sagnisa). grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyene- 

biT, maswavlebeli uzrunvelyofs rogorc sagnis masalis, aseve 

enis aTvisebis warmatebulobas. 

grafikuli organizatorebi da maTi funqciebi: 

grafikuli organizatorebi informaciis struqturirebis 

xerxia _ mowesrigebis (dajgufebis) uniSvnelovanesi xerxi. 

grafikuli organizatorebi informacias vizualurad gvaCve- 

neben. 

grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyeneba aqtiur swavlas 

uwyobs xels. magaliTad: saSinao davalebis (savarjiSoebis) 

Sesrulebis dros, moswavleebi im enas iyeneben, romelzec 

laparakoben, kiTxuloben, weren, ismenen, fiqroben, xolo in- 

formaciis grafikulad ganlagebis dros isini iyeneben ro- 

gorc nacnob, aseve ucnob informacias. 

grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyeneba maswavlebels da 

moswavles Soris TanamSromlobas, anu kooperatiul swavle- 

bas, uwyobs xels,. 

grafikuli organizatorebi gvexmareba teqstis vizualurad 

mowesrigebaSi (mis gagebaSi). maTi gamoyeneba SeiZleba: 

1) teqstis an axali masalis wakiTxvis win, 

51

2) wakiTxvis Semdeg, 

3) weris an davalebis werilobiT Sesrulebis win, 

4) teqstis an davalebis ganxilvis dros, 

5) diskusiis dros, 

6) daskvnebis gakeTebis procesSi da a.S. 

grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyeneba moswavlis saswavlo 

Temis Sesaxeb arsebuli codnis dadgenaSi (gaazrebaSi) gvex- 

mareba, aseve _ axali codnis aTvisebisTvis moswavleebis 

momzadebaSi. 

grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyenebis dros, moswavle da 

maswavlebeli erTmaneTisgan swavloben (masalasac, erTmane- 

Tis gagebas da erTmaneTTan urTierTobas). bilingvuri swav- 

lis procesSi aseT TanamSromlobas gansakuTrebuli mniSv- 

neloba aqvs. moswavleebi sakuTari codnis struqturirebas 

swavloben da aqedan gamomdinare swavlis sakuTar strate- 

gias irCeven. 

grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyeneba rogorc vizualuri, 

aseve sityvieri (verbaluri) informaciis gamoyenebas ganapi- 

robebs. es moswavleebs SesaZleblobas aZlevs airCion, vari- 

reba gaukeTon swavlis stils, sakuTari SesaZleblobebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT. 

grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyenebis upiratesobebi: 

SegviZlia gamoviyenoT iseT auditoriaSi, romelSic 

moswavleebis enis codnis done sxvadasxvaa. 

SegviZlia gamoviyenoT iseT auditoriaSi, romelSic 

moswavleebis aTvisebis unaris done sxvadasxvaa. 

SegviZlia ganvaviTaroT da gavafarTooT leqsikuri 

maragi. 

52

moswavlis codnas awesrigebs, xels uwyobs misi disku- 

siis unarisa da SesaZleblobis ganviTarebas, aseve sa- 

kuTari azris da mis xelT arsebuli informaciis ga- 

moTqmis. 

im moswavleTa azrisa da enis integrirebas uwyobs 

xels, romelTac gansxvavebuli (sxvadasxva) swavlis 

stili aqvT. 

ufro xelmisawvdoms xdis nebismieri saxis (esoden 

rTul, specifikur da ucxo) informacias (saswavlo sa- 

gans). 

ras unda mivaqcioT yuradReba grafikuli organizatorebis gamoye- 

nebis dros? 

yuradReba unda mieqces mTavar informacias, cnebebs, azrebs: 

mTavari unda gamoikveTos (ufro didi asoebi an naxatebi, 

ufro mkveTri feriT gaxazuli an gaferadebuli), naklebad 

mniSvnelovani ufro patara asoebiT, an sxvanairad unda dai- 

weros (weris mimarTulebis Secvla SeiZleba). 

grafikuli organizatorebi sxvadasxva moswavlis individua- 

luri gamocdilebisa da codnis dadgenis SesaZleblobas 

gvaZlevs, Semdgom am informaciaze dayrdnobiT axali codnis 

miRebis SesaZleblobas. es swavlis process realurad amar- 

tivebs da aadvilebs. 

xeli SeuwyveT cnebebis da zogadi saxelebis ganviTarebas! 

grafikuli organizatorebi gviCveneben mTavar azrs, Sesabami- 

si leqsikis daxmarebiT. daexmareT moswavleebs cnebebis Se- 

madgeneli nawilebis (atributebis) danaxvaSi. mizani aris ga- 

geba da swavla, amitom gamoiyeneT iseTi sityvebis maragi, 

53

omlebic ganmartavs, azustebs, ilustrirebas ukeTebs in- 

formacias. 

xSirad gamoiyeneT wera, kiTxva, azrovneba! 

moswavleebs rom grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyeneba an 

Sedgena SeeZloT, maT bevri unda ikiTxon, ifiqron da weron. 

roca moswavleebi grafikulad asaxaven informacias an kama- 

Toben mis Sesaxeb, maT uwevT masalis gadakiTxva, erTmaneTSi 

molaparakeba, saubari, damtkiceba, Sesabamisad xedaven movle- 

naTa urTierT kavSirs, urTierTobas, movlenebis ganviTare- 

bas, mizezebsa da Sedegebs. 

wera exmareba da xelSemwyobia dagegmarebisa da ganxilvisa! 

grafikuli organizatorebi efeqturi saSualebaa diskusiis 

principiT muSaobis, gegmis Sedgenis, weris organizebis dros. 

yvelafris Caweris Semdeg SegviZlia naSromis Sinaarsis daj- 

gufeba da gadaxarisxeba. 

ganaviTareT mimdinare diskusia! 

grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyeneba azrebs mimarTulebas 

aZlevs. moswavleebi avTentur enas xmaroben - interpretire- 

bis, analizis, problemis gadawyvetis, daTanxmebis, ardaTanx- 

mebis, TanamSromlobis, Secdomebis daSvebis dros - saswavlo 

masalidan romelime specifikuri Temis Seswavlis procesSi. 

instruqciebis an grafikuli organizatorebis micemis dros 

Tqven exmarebiT dagegmvaSi. 

grafikuli organizatorebis gamoyenebiT maswavlebeli mos- 

wavleebs aCvenebs mTavars raime Temis, cnebis Sesaxeb da 

xerxs, Tu rogor SeiZleba axali informaciis aTviseba. igi 

faqtobrivad rCevas an instruqcias iZleva, Tu rogor SeiZ- 

leba swavlis gagrZeleba (rogor SeiZleba am Temis aTviseba). 

54

grafikuli organizatorebi Sefasebis instrumentia. grafi- 

kuli organizatorebi moswavlis codnis, Segnebis, swavlis, 

fiqris donis obieqturad Sefasebis SesaZleblobas iZleva. 

55

3. Secdomebze muSaoba 

enis Seswavlis procesSi Secdomebi gardauvalia. igi enis aT- 

visebis Tanamdevi movlenaa. Sesaswavl enaze metyvelebis unaris 

ganviTareba aucileblad iwvevs Secdomebs, romlebic sxvadasxva 

faqtorebiTaa ganpirobebuli: rTulia Sesaswavli enis fonematuri 

struqturis srulad aTviseba da misi realizeba, sawarmoTqmo apa- 

ratis morgeba axali enis monacemebTan, aseve xdeba mSobliuri enis 

yalibis meqanikuri gadatana axal enobriv sistemaSi, an adgili aqvs 

konstruqciis arasrulad aTvisebas da miRebuli codnis arasrul- 

fasovnad gadatanas praqtikaSi. es da sxva mravali sakiTxi gansa- 

kuTrebulad TvalsaCinoa saklaso muSaobisas. rogor unda moiqces 

maswavlebeli? reagirebis gareSe datovos Secdomebi Tu meyseulad 

mianiSnos masze moswavles? mxolod gausworos Secdoma Tu imsje- 

los TiToeul maTganze? ra dro dauTmos Secdomebis analizs? Se- 

moitanos axali masala Tu isev imuSaos im masalaze, romelic jer 

kidev ar auTvisebia moswavles ise, rom ar dauSvas Secdoma? yvela 

Secdomaze hqondes reaqcia maswavlebels Tu mxolod zogierTze an 

SerCeviT imsjelos TiToeulze? ra dro dauTmos Secdomebis ana- 

lizs da rogor miawodos is klass? individualurad unda moxdes 

moswavleTa mier daSvebuli Secdomebis analizi Tu igi saklaso 

ganxilvis sagani unda gaxdes? _ es kiTxvebi da maTze pasuxis ga- 

cema mniSvnelovania saswavlo procesis srulyofilad agebisaTvis 

da sagakveTilo procesSi maswavleblis qmedebis sworad warmarT- 

visaTvis. 

pirveli da mniSvnelovani piroba, romelic unda Sesruldes, 

aris is, rom moswavle, romelic cdilobs Sesaswavl enaze martivi 

komunikaciis agebas da axerxebs Tundac elementarul komunikacias, 

56

ar unda SevaferxoT; anu am SemTxvevaSi uSecdomo metyveleba an 

Secdomebis analizi ki araa mTavari, aramed is, rom Sesaswavl 

enaze metyvelebis survili gavuCinoT enis Semswavlels / mos- 

wavles. es metad mniSvnelovani fsiqologiuri faqtoria, radgan 

enis Seswavlisas yvelas uviTardeba kompleqsi imisa, rom igi aras- 

worad an arasrulyofilad gadmoscems azrs. Tu maswavlebeli am 

SemTxvevaSi yovel Secdomaze reagirebs, sasurveli Sedegis nac- 

vlad, rom moswavlem gamarTulad ilaparakos, SesaZloa sruliad 

sapirispiro Sedegi miviRoT _ moswavles daekargeba Sesaswavl 

enaze metyvelebis survili. 

aRsaniSnavia is, rom Secdomebi mosalodnelia yvela doneze, 

magram sxvadasxva doneze Secdomebi sxvadasxvagvari iqneba. enis 

Seswavlis pirvelive safexurze Cndeba sawarmoTqmo problemebi. Se- 

saswavli enis fonematuri struqtura erTbaSad Zneli aRsaqmeli da 

warmosaTqmelia. miT ufro, es exeba specifikuri bgerebis sworad 

gamoTqmas. Semdgom etapze Tavs iCens sxvadasxvagvari gramatikuli 

sakiTxi. Secdomebi mudmivad vlindeba weraSi. yvela am sakiTxs 

etapobrivad da mizanmimarTulad unda damuSaveba. Secdomebze mu- 

Saoba saswavlo procesis ganuyofel nawilad unda iqces. enis 

swavlebisas Secdomebi gardauvalia, amdenad saswavlo procesis 

sworad dagegmva gulisxmobs Secdomebze specialur muSaobas. amg- 

varad dagegmili saqmianoba ki safuZveli gaxdeba, erTi mxriv, enis 

komunikaciuri aspeqtis ganviTarebisa, xolo meore mxriv, igi gana- 

viTarebs da aamaRlebs enis akademiuri flobis dones. 

Secdomebze muSaoba warmoTqmaSi 

sawarmoTqmo problemebi Tavs iCens enis swavlebis pirvelive 

dRidan, magram maTi gamosworeba mcire droSi ar moxdeba, rac ar 

unda gaZlierebuli da intensiuri muSaoba Catardes am mxriv. enis 

codnis donis amaRlebasTan erTad sawarmoTqmo problemebic mcir- 

57

deba, magram igi yovelTvis SeiZleba darCes aqcentis saxiT, anu 

srulyofilad swori warmoTqmac verasodes ganxorcieldes. ramde- 

nadac es SeiZleba ganvixiloT mkveTrad individualuri Tvisebebisa 

da unarebis gamovlenad, amdenad misi srulad daZleva mxolod in- 

dividis SesaZleblobebs SeiZleba mivandoT. zogierTi individi bu- 

nebrivi smenisa da sxva unar-Cvevebis Sedegad enis aTvisebis para- 

lelurad axerxebs sawarmoTqmo aparatis srulyofas da uaqcento 

metyvelebas, zogisaTvis ki es mudmiv maxasiaTeblad rCeba, Tumca 

SesaZloa, misi enobrivi kompetencia maRalic ki iyos. amdenad, sa- 

warmoTqmo problemebis analizisas unda moxdes mxolod ZiriTad 

problemebze aqcentireba. rogorc cnobilia, bgeris umTavresi max- 

asiaTebeli misi sityvaTganmasxvavebeli funqciaa _ bgeraTa Canac- 

vlebiT SeiZleba miviRoT sruliad gansxvavebuli mniSvnelobis si- 

tyva. amitom enis SemswavlelTan gansakuTrebulad unda mieqces yu- 

radReba amgvar problemebs enaSi da masze specialurad Seiqmnas 

savarjiSoebi, raTa sawarmoTqmo problema ar gadaizardos enobriv 

problemaSi. amisaTvis: 

specialurad damuSavdes Sesaswavli enis fonematuri struq- 

tura enis Semswavlelis mSobliur enasTan mimarTebiT da ga- 

moiyos gansxvavebuli bgerebi; am bgeraTa gamoyenebiT Seiqmnas 

winadadebebi da mcire zomis martivi, araavTenturi teqstebi, 

romlebsac gamoviyenebT rogorc sawarmoTqmo miznebisaTvis, 

ise karnaxisa da werisaTvis. yoveli nacionaluri jgufisaT- 

vis unda ganisazRvros SecdomaTa mosalodneli tipebi. maga- 

liTad, Turqul da azerbaijanulenovan moswavleebs, agreTve 

evropuli enebis umravles warmomadgenlebs uZneldebaT qar- 

Tuli enis yru mkveTr TanxmovanTa warmoTqma, rogorebicaa: p, 

t, k; rusulenovan enis Semswavlels gauWirdeba yru fSvin- 

vierebis warmoTqma: f, T, q. aseve rTulia afrikatebis (Z, c, w, 

j, C, W) warmoTqma zemoTCamoTvlili enebis warmomadgenle- 

58

isTvis, magram somxurenovani moswavlisaTvis es ar warmoad- 

gens gansakuTrebul problemas. qarTulisaTvis specifikuria 

enisZirismieri y Tanxmovani da misi sworad warmoTqma 

xangrZliv, SesaZloa dauZlevel problemadac ki darCes qar- 

Tuli enis SemswavlelisaTvis. amdenad am problemebze auci- 

leblad unda gamaxvildes yuradReba, magram srulyofili 

warmoTqmis survilma ar unda Seaferxos enis Seswavlis 

procesi da arc enis Semswavlels unda gauCndes iseTi gan- 

wyoba, rom es dauZleveli procesia. Tu Secdomebi ar cvlis 

sityvis mniSvnelobas, maTze specialurad yuradRebis gamax- 

vileba arcaa saWiro, radgan amgvari problemebi enobrivi 

kompetenciis amaRlebasTan erTad TandaTan Semcirdeba. 

gamoiyos iseTi bgerebi, romelTa araswori gamoyeneba gamoiw- 

vevs sityvis mniSvnelobis cvlas. qarTulisaTvis aseTia: p - 

f: papa - fafa, piri _ firi, puri _ furi, poni _ foni, paqti _ 

faqti... T _ t: Tari _ tari, Taro _ taro, TuSi _ tuSi... q _ 

k: qudi _ kudi, qari _ kari, qera _ kera, qula _ kula... c _ 

w: celi _ weli, curavs _ wuravs... C _ W: Ciri _ Wiri, Cala _ 

Wala... g _ R: gori _ Rori, gvari _ Rvari, gomi _ Romi, go- 

nieri _ Ronieri... R - y: Ria _ yia, Rele _ yeli... da ase Sem- 

deg. sasurvelia, enis Semswavlels sakiTxav da sawarmoTqmo 

masalad winaswar mivawodoT aseTi sityvebi, raTa man, erTi 

mxriv, yuradReba gaamaxvilos maT sworad warmoTqmaze da 

meore mxriv, Tavad icodes mosalodneli Secdomis arseboba. 

am sityvaTa gamoyenebiT sasurvelia, Seiqmnas winadadebebi an 

mcire moculobis teqstebi, romelTa gamoyeneba SeiZleba sa- 

kiTxavad, smenisa da gagebis unaris gasaumjobeseblad, kar- 

naxiT werisaTvis. aseve mizanSewonili iqneba Casasmeli sa- 

varjiSoebis miwodebac, romlebSic Tavad unda gansazRvros 

sityvis konteqsturi mniSvneloba da Tavad unda SearCios 

59

mocemul sityvaTagan erT-erTi. aseve mniSvnelovania specia- 

luri mizniT Seqmnili audio masalis miwodeba an maswav- 

leblis mier warmoTqmuli calkeuli sityvebisa da teqstebis 

demonstrireba. 

momzaddes specialuri savarjiSoebi sawarmoTqmo aparatis 

dasaxvewad; amisaTvis SeiZleba misaRebi iyos ènis gasatexeb- 

ic~, magram aq unda gaviTvaliswinoT is, rom enis gasatexis 

yvela sityva advilad asaxsneli da gasagebi unda iyos enis 

SemswavlelisaTvis. 

swavlebis procesSi sasurvelia maswavlebelma CainiSnos is 

Secdomebi, romlebsac warmoTqmisas uSveben moswavleebi da 

Semdgom Seqmnas specialuri savarjiSoebi maTTvis. amgvari 

savarjiSoebis SesaZlo tipebis: TvalsaCinoeba, romelzedac 

moxdeba swori da araswori formebis gamijvna (ra aris ga- 

moxatuli suraTze: qari Tu kari?, romelia wigni da romeli 

ciga?...), demonstrirebaze dayrdnobiT gameoreba, simReris an 

leqsis audioCanaweris mosmena da Semdgom moswavleebis mier 

imave teqstis gameoreba... es ukanaskneli SesaZloa xSirad Ta- 

vad maswavlebelma Seasrulos: mis mier wakiTxul an war- 

moTqmul teqsts imeoreben moswavleebi. 

moiZebnos masala (leqsebi, simRerebi...), romlebic gamosadegi 

iqneba sawarmoTqmo daniSnulebiT. 

aseve didi mniSvneloba eqneba multiplikaciuri da mxatvru- 

li filmebis naxvas specialuri davalebebiT (magaliTad, 

kiTxva-pasuxi: ra Tqva am gmirma? ra upasuxa meorem?...). 

Secdomebze muSaoba zepirmetyvelebaSi 

rogorc ukve iTqva, maswavleblis pirveli rigis amocanaa, rom 

ar Seawyvetinos moswavles metyveleba daSvebuli Secdomebis gamo. 

magram amave dros: 

60

maswavlebelma unda CainiSnos Secdomebi; 

maswavlebelma unda moaxdinos SecdomaTa klasifikacia; 

unda ganisazRvros SecdomaTa tipebi enis kompetenciis mixed- 

viT, anu moxdes im sakiTxebis gamoyofa, romelzedac yura- 

dRebis miqceva SesaZlebeli iqneba enis flobis konkretuli 

donisaTvis; 

Seiqmnas specialuri savarjiSoebi, testebi mosalodneli 

Secdomebis gamosasworeblad; 

asakisa da enis flobis donis mixedviT daigegmos samuSaoebi 

klasSi Sesasruleblad (maswavleblis saubari, specialuri 

ganmarteba, axsna, analizi...). 

gramatikul Secdomebze muSaoba 

gramatikuli Secdomebis gamosworeba metad xangrZlivi pro- 

cesia da igi gansakuTrebul muSaobas moiTxovs rogorc maswav- 

leblis, ise enis Semswavlelis mxridan. 

maswavlebelma unda CainiSnos yvela is Secdoma, romelsac 

moswavleebi uSveben zepirmetyvelebisas Tu werisas. magram yvela 

Secdomis analizi, bunebrivia, ver moxdeba erTbaSad, radgan igi 

moiTxovs rogorc enobrivi kompetenciis garkveul dones, ise ga- 

saTvaliswinebelia asakobrivi sakiTxic, radgan arsebobs Secdoma- 

Ta meqanikuri da gaazrebuli daZlevis gzebi. dawyebiTi klasebis 

moswavleebs sasurvelia mxolod swori forma mivawodoT xSirad 

daSvebuli Secdomebis sanacvlod da specialuri analizis gareSe 

mivaRwioT maT gamosworebas. asakobrivi da enobrivi kompetenciis 

zrdasTan erTad TandaTanobiT moxdeba enobrivi struqturisa da 

enobrivi meqanizmebis gaazreba da SecdomaTa safuZvlian analizs 

mxolod am SemTxvevaSi eqneba azri. 

gramatikuli Secdomebis analizisas mniSvneloba eniWeba imas, 

Tu ra iwvevs am tipis Secdomas. am SemTxvevaSi ramdenime aspeqti 

61

unda gaviTvaliswinoT: Secdoma SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos mSobli- 

uri enis analogiT, radgan enis Semswavlels pirdapir gadmoaqvs 

Tavisi enisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli konstruqcia Sesaswavl enaSi; 

gramatikul Secdomebs iwvevs enobrivi kompetenciis dabali done, 

anu Sesaswavli enis struqturis arcodna da enobrivi meqanizmebis 

gauTvaliswinebloba. 

rogor unda vimuSaoT gramatikul Secdomebze? 

pirvel rigSi unda moxdes SecdomaTa klasifikacia, magali- 

Tad: Secdomebi piris formaTa sworad gamoyenebis sakiTxSi, 

zmnis droTa formebis warmoebaSi, Secdomebi zmnur kon- 

struqciebSi, anu zmnasTan dakavSirebul saxelTa formebis 

sworad gamoyeneba, rTuli winadadebebis konstruqciebis 

Sedgena Tu sxva tipisa... 

sasurvelia Seiqmnas TvalsaCinoeba _ sqemebi, cxrilebi... 

romlebic asaxaven, rogorc Sesaswavli enis Taviseburebebs, 

aseve moaxdenen mosalodnel SecdomaTa sapirispirod swori 

formebis gaaqtiurebas; 

unda Seiqmnas specialuri savarjiSoebi TiToeuli sakiTxi- 

saTvis: Casma, swori formis SerCeva, areuli Tanmimdevrobis 

dalageba, zmnis, winadadebis, teqstis gadayvana sxva drois / 

piris formaSi, kiTxva-pasuxi pirTa formebis gaaqtiurebiT, 

minidialogis Sedgena mocemuli formebis gamoyenebiT, situ- 

aciuri TamaSebi Sesaswavli formebis gamoyenebiT, gamonakli- 

sebze specialuri muSaoba da ase Semdeg... 

mocemuli formebis gamoyenebiT winadadebebi an teqstis Sed- 

gena; 

informaciis gameoreba da axali winadadebis / informaciis 

damateba; 

dialogis Sedgena mocemuli an gansaxilveli formebis ga- 

moyenebiT (wyvilebSi muSaoba)... 

62

gramatikuli Secdomebze muSaobis erT-erTi efeqturi gzaa 

funqciuri gramatikis sakiTxebis miwodeba enis SemswavlelTaT- 

vis. igi gansakuTrebulad avlens gramatikis praqtikul daniS- 

nulebas da amave dros aviTarebs enobriv kompetenciebs komuni- 

kaciuri situaciebis mixedviT. 

Secdomebze muSaoba weris mimarTulebiT 

weriTi davalebebi metad mniSvnelovania rogorc uSualod 

weris unar-Cvevis, ise zogadad enobrivi kompetenciis ganviTarebi- 

saTvis. weris procesi metyvelebasTan SedarebiT nela da pasiuri 

codnis gaaqtiurebiT mimdinareobs, ramdenadac enis Semswavlels / 

moswavles sakmarisi dro aqvs azris gadmosacemad mis mier aTvise- 

buli masalidan gaazrebulad SearCios formebi. amdenad werisas 

daSvebuli Secdomebi saukeTeso indikatoria gaazrebuli codnis 

doneze arsebul problemaTa gamosavlenad. Tu weriT namuSevarSi 

Secdomebi mravladaa, es aSkarad aCvenebs, rom enis Semswavleli- 

saTvis garkveuli sakiTxebi jer kidev dauZlevelia. amdenad, weri- 

sas daSvebul Secdomebze mizanmimarTulad unda imuSaos rogorc 

enis Semswavlelmac, aseve maswavlebelma. 

weriTi davalebebis saxiT moswavles SesaZloa sxvadasxva sa- 

muSao mieces da TiToeuli maTgani Tavisebur midgomasa da muSao- 

bas moiTxovs. upirveles yovlisa ki unda aRiniSnos, rom didi 

mniSvneloba eniWeba weriTi namuSevris kargad gamoyenebas Secdoma- 

Ta analizisaTvis. amitom maswavlebelma aucileblad unda mianiS- 

nos yvela Secdomaze, xolo Semdgom gamokveTilad unda miuTiTos 

swori forma an azris gamoxatvis swori enobrivi saSualebebi. vi- 

zualizaciis es xerxi kargi saSualebaa moswavlisaTvis sakuTar 

SecdomaTa gasaanalizeblad. 

dawyebiT safexurze efeqturia karnaxi, radgan igi avlens im 

problemebs, romlebic mosmenis, gagebis, enis fonematuri struqtu- 

63

isa da orTografiis gaazrebis dones avlens. karnaxi kargad ga- 

moavlens, ra problemebia bgeraTa aRqmisa da sworad weris Tval- 

sazrisiT. 

weriTi davalebis erT-erTi saxeobas warmoadgens winadadebe- 

bisa da teqstebis Sedgena. am SemTxvevaSi vlindeba gramatikuli 

problemebi, rac aseve unda gaxdes Secdomebis gasworebisa da ana- 

lizi safuZveli. rveulSi, specialur adgilze, gamokveTilad, um- 

jobesia sqematurad da TvalsaCinod, saTiTaod unda gamoikveTos 

yvela Secdoma swori variantis CvenebiT. 

M metad efeqturi saSualebaa, moswavleTa mier Secdome- 

bis gasworeba. amisaTvis rveulSi unda gamoiyos adgili Secdomebis 

gasworebisaTvis, sadac moswavle Tavadve dawers Secdomis sanac- 

vlod swor, gamarTul variants. 

mokled, Secdomebis analizi weris mimarTulebiT amgvarad 

SeiZleba warmovidginoT: 

karnaxi da misi analizi; 

weriTi davaleba da misi analizi; 

naweris gasworebisas mieniSnos yvela Secdoma swori formis 

miTiTebiT; 

gamoiyos specialuri adgili Secdomebis gasworebisaTvis; 

Seiqmnas specialuri davalebebi, teqstebi tipur SecdomaTa 

gaanalizebisaTvis. 

dasasrul, kidev erTxel mivubrundeT im SekiTxvebs, romleb- 

ic daisva da sakiTxis gaTvaliswinebiT maT mokled gavceT pa- 

suxi: 

amdenad, Secdomebi reagirebis gareSe ar unda darCes, magram 

TiToeul maTganze dauyovneblivi reagireba Seaferxebs moswav- 

lis metyvelebis process. amitom sasurvelia, maswavlebelma Cai- 

niSnos Secdomebi, moaxdinos maTi klasifikacia da Semdgom 

gaaanalizos isini. enis Seswavlis sawyis safexurze SeiZleba 

64

mxolod mieniSnos swori formis Sesaxeb. aseve efeqturi iqneba 

TvalsaCinoebebis, gansakuTrebiT ki sqemebis, gamoyeneba. enobrivi 

kompetenciis zrdasTan erTad ki sasurvelia SecdomaTa analizi 

da maTze garkveuli msjeloba. SecdomaTa klasifikaciis Semdeg 

maswavlebelma enis aTvisebis procesSi TandaTanobiT unda gaaa- 

nalizos Secdomebi da igi etapobrivad miawodos klass. araa 

aucilebeli Secdomebis analizs mTeli sagakveTilo procesi 

daeTmos, an garkveuli TanamimdevrobiT moxdes maTze msjeloba. 

piriqiT, maTi gaanalizeba SeniSvnis xasiaTs unda atarebdes. 

aseve aucilebelia specialuri savarjiSoebis Sedgena, romleb- 

Sic ukve gaanalizebuli Secdomebis praqtikaSi gadatana moxde- 

ba. es kidev erTxel gamoavlens imas, ramdenad sworad iyeneben 

ganxilul formebs. sasurvelia Secdomebi mTel klasTan erTad 

gaanalizdes da ara individualurad, Tumca weris mimarTulebiT 

amas mainc individualuri xasiaTi eZleva. 

65

4. bilingvuri gakveTilis Sefaseba 

B bilingvuri swavlebis procesis Sefasebisas gansakuTrebuli 

yuradReba eqceva Tavad swavlebis processa da swavlebis 

strategiebs (formatuli Sefaseba) da Sedegebs (Semajamebeli 

Sefaseba). amisaTvis gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva xerxi, kerZod: 

dakvirveba, interviu, testebi da sxva. producirebis unarebis 

Sefaseba gulisxmobs pasuxs Semdeg kiTxvebze: 

ra informaciis / sametyvelo funqciis gamoyeneba Seu- 

ZliaT mSobliur da meore enaze moswavleebs Secdome- 

biT Tu uSecdomod (dasaxuli amocanebis Sesrulebis 

Sefaseba)? 

visTan _ maswavleblebTan, TanatolebTan da stumrebTan 

_ SeuZliaT urTierTqmedeba (komunikaciis problema)? 

rogoria maTi lingvisturi unarebi (enobrivi konstruq- 

ciebis aTvisebis donis Sefaseba da ara Secdomebis aR- 

nusxva)? 

SemfasebelTa amocanebSi unda Sediodes saswavlo procesis 

analizi (dakvirveba klasSi), maswavleblis / moswavleebis / 

mSoblebis urTierTobebi, saswavlo masalebi, aseve moswavleTa 

kompetenciebis testireba (formatuli / Semajamebeli). klasSi 

dakvirvebisas yuradReba unda mieqces ara marto moswavleebis, 

aramed maswavleblis qcevasac: ra gavlenas axdens is moswavleebze 

da rodis da rogor iyenebs enebs? rogor qmnis motivacias? rogor 

reagirebs Secdomebze? Secdomebis gasworebis rogor formebs 

iyenebs: modelirebas (swori formis Tanamimdevruli da xSiri 

gameoreba Secdomebis pirdapiri Sesworebis gareSe) Tu xelaxla 

66

formulirebas (moswavlis SecdomiT naTqvamis sworad da gasagebad 

formulireba)? rogor aris organizebuli saswavlo procesi? 

moswavleTa progresis Sesafaseblad bilingvur skolaSi 

yuradReba unda mieqces maT miRwevebs saganSi. bilingvur skolaSi 

moswavles xuTi weli mainc sWirdeba imisaTvis, rom igi daeuflos 

meore enas sagnebis Sesaswavlad. Aam xangrZlivobis gamo moswavles 

SeiZleba gauCndes sakuTari ususurobis gancda, Camouyalibdes 

dabali TviTSefaseba. am problemis gadasawyvetad arsebobs ori 

gza: pirveli _ bilingvuri klasis moswavleTa Sefaseba 

specialurad maTTvis Sedgenili standartebis mixedviT. am midgomam 

SeiZleba mSoblebisa da sagnebis maswavlebelTa gamoiwvios, radgan 

maTi survilia, moswavlis Sedegebi Seesabamebodes saxelmwifo 

standarts. amis gamo aucilebeli xdeba Cveulebrivi skolebisaTvis 

kuTvnili testebis gamoyeneba. Mmagram, amasTan, unda vifiqroT 

testebSi garkveuli cvlilebebis Setanis Sesaxeb. magaliTad, aseTi 

SeiZleba iyos orenovani testi. aseve SeiZleba moswavleebs 

SeiZleba mieceT damatebiTi dro, neba davrToT, isargeblon 

leqsikonebiT an gavumartivoT testuri davalebebis pirobebi. 

vafasebT ra bilingvur programebs, ar unda 

SemovifargloT mxolod enobrivi unarebis SefasebiT. unda 

Sefasdes Sinaarsi, mizani da meTodika. 

ras 

vafasebT? 

qvemoT gTavazobT savaraudo CamonaTvalis cxrils: 

moswavleTa 

Sefaseba 

kompetencias 

mSobliur enaSi; 

kompetencias sa- 

ganSi; 

67 

bilingvuri 

swavlebis 

komponentebis 

Sefaseba 

swavlebis meTodika; 

saswavlo Sinaarsi; 

maswavlebelTa ur- 

TierToba moswavle- 

bilingvuri 

modelis 

Sefaseba 

modelis efeq- 

turoba; 

bilingvuri 

swavlebis mas-

vin 

afasebs? 

kompetencias meore 

enaSi; 

motivacias; 

sxva kompetenciebi 

(kognituri unare- 

bi, socialuri un- 

arebi, sxva saswav- 

lo una-rebi); 

maswavleble-bi; 

saatestacio / saga- 

mocdo komisia. 

mizani moswavleTa Zlieri 

rogor 

vafasebT? 

da susti mxare- 

ebis gamovlena; 

standartis Sede- 

gebis miRweva; 

informacia mSo- 

belTaTvis; 

SerCeva. 

kiTxvarebi; 

testebi; 

interviu; 

dakvirveba. 

ebTan. wavlebelTa 

damkvirvebelTa jgufi. 

xarisxis kontroli; 

masalebis gadamuSa- 

veba; 

maswavlebelTa mom- 

zadebis done. 

interviu; 

dakvirveba klasSi 

Catarebul samuSa- 

oebze; 

zepirmetyvelebis 

analizi; 

saswavlo masalebis 

analizi. 

68 

momzadeba. 

gare monitor- 

ingis jgufi. 

gadawyvetilebis 

miReba modelis 

SenarCuneba / 

arSenarCunebaze, 

ganviTarebaze. 

saswavlo prog- 

ramebisanali- zi; 

kiTxvarebi; 

kvlevebi. 

gakveTilis Sefasebisas, rekomendebulia, rom maswavleblebma 

upasuxon Semdeg kiTxvebs: 

miRweuli iyo Tu ara gakveTilis gamokveTili miznebi?

SerCeuli strategiebis saSualebiT ramdenad moxerxda gakveTi- 

lis winaSe dasmuli amocanebis gadaWra? 

Seesabameba Tu ara gakveTilisaTvis gamoyofili drois gadana- 

wileba realur SesaZleblobebs da moswavleTa moTxovnebs? 

rogor gamoiyeneben moswavleebi gakveTilze miRebul codnas 

momavalSi? 

ra SeiZleboda gakeTebuliyo sxvagvarad? 

TviTSefaseba 

imisaTvis, rom moswavle SeeCvios sakuTari pasuxis Semowme- 

bas, Camouyalibdes Secdomis mimarT swori damokidebuleba, daZ- 

lios SiSi Secdomis winaSe, xSirad unda mivceT sakuTari namuSev- 

ris Sefasebis saSualeba. TviTSefaseba mas exmareba imis gacnobie- 

rebaSi, rom Secdomebis aRiareba da gamosworeba winsvlis aucile- 

beli pirobaa. TviTSefasebiT igi grZnobs met valdebulebas da 

cdilobs iyos maqsimalurad obieqturi. 

TviTSefasebis ramdenime xerxi arsebobs. yvelaze gavrcele- 

bulia swor pasuxebTan moswavleebis pasuxebis Sedareba. moswav- 

leebi am Sedarebis gziT Tavad aRmoaCenen sakuTar Secdomebs da 

Semdeg aanalizeben, ratom dauSves es Secdomebi, ris codna da- 

akldaT, ra ver gaiTvaliswines, iqneb koncentracia ver moaxerxes 

sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT an marTebuli gza ar airCies da sxva. 

TviTSefasebis procesSi mniSvnelovani swored sakuTari saq- 

mianobis refleqsiis procesia. es aRmoaCeninebs moswavles sakuTar 

sust mxareebs, romelTa dasaZlevadac unda mimarTos sakuTari Za- 

lisxmeva. Sedegiania TviTSefasebis iseTi xerxi, roca moswavle 

winaswar SemuSavebuli Sefasebis sqemis mixedviT afasebs sakuTar 

naSroms, Semdeg ucvlis mewyviles da erTmaneTis namuSevrebs afa- 

69

seben, bolos ki maswavlebeli afasebs. am SemTxvevaSic mniSvnelo- 

vania analizis procesi. ra daemTxva Sefasebis am sam SemTxvevaSi 

erTmaneTs, ra _ ara da ratom? ris codna ar eyo moswavles Tavad 

an mis Tanaklasels obieqturi SefasebisaTvis. 

70

Tavi III 

1. bilingvuri gakveTilis dagegmva 

riT gansxvavdeba bilingvuri gakveTili meore enis swavlebis 

gakveTilisgan? 

enis gakveTili gakveTili, romelzedac 

viTardeba ena 

programa yuradReba maxvildeba yuradReba sagnis 

enaze da enis Seswav- Sinaarsa da enobriv 

lis miznebze (codna unarebze (sagnis 

enaze da enis codna) codna da enis 

dagegmva 

gamoyeneba) 

yuradReba enaze, mis yuradReba enis ga- 

struqturaze, enis moyenebaze, vsaubrobT 

Seswavlis kontrolsa ra sagnis Sinaarsze; 

da praqtikul samu- yuradReba im Si- 

Saoze enaSi 

naarsze, 

wignSia. 

romelic 

aqtivobebi yuradReba producire- yuradReba sagnis Sibaze 

orientirebul naarsidangamomdi- aqtivobebze, savarji- nare savarjiSoebze; 

Soebi, romlbic unda aqcenti vizualur 

da SeiZleba kon- saSualebebze da matroldebodes.salis 

CarTva kiTxvisa 

da werisaTvis. 

enis arCeva maswavlebeli da moswavle iyenebs 

moswavleebi (SeZlebis- enas, romelic Seedagvarad) 

mTel sabameba mis codnas; 

gakveTilze urTi- maswavlebeli iyenebs 

erToben samizne enaze. enas mkacrad gegmiurad, 

fiqrobs ra 

moswavlesa 

ganze. 

da sa- 

71

gakveTilis dagegmvisas, upiratesoba unda mieniWos iseT sis- 

temas, sadac gamoyenebulia kritikuli azrovnebis principebi. 

sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, gakveTilis TiToeul fazaSi garkveuli 

problemis dasma unda moxdes. aucilebelia imis damaxsovreba, rom 

mecadineobis TiToeul fazaSi saWiroa Sesabamisi meTodisa da 

strategiis gamoyeneba. swavlebis strategiisa, Tu meTodis SerCevi- 

sas mniSvnelovania gakveTilis miznis da Sefasebis kriteriumebis 

gaTvaliswineba. 

gakveTilis dagegmvisas, pirvel rigSi saWiroa gakveTilze ga- 

mokveTili miznebis Sefaseba da am miznebis ganxorcielebis Se- 

saZleblobis gansazRvra gakveTilisaTvis gamoyofili drois gan- 

mavlobaSi. 

aseve saWiroa gakveTilis TiToeuli fazisaTvis strategiis 

SemuSaveba. Tumca, unda gvaxsovdes, rom strategia aris mxolod 

saSualeba, romelic gvexmareba dagegmili Sedegebis miRwevaSi. 

gakveTilis Semdeg saWiroa miRweuli Sedegebis analizi da 

maTi Sesabamisobis dadgena winaswar SemuSavebul miznebTan. es 

maswavlebels aZlevs imis saSualebas, rom iswavlos sakuTar 

gamocdilebaze da ukeTesad dagegmos yoveli momdevno gakveTili. 

bilingvuri gakveTili: 

maswavleblis ena enis dagegmva masalebi sayrdeni masala 

moswavleTaTvis 

rogor leqsika da romel enas ra masala ra daxmareba 

frazebia saWiro enas rodis damWirdeba dasWirdeba yve- 

moswavleTa 

gamoviyeneb? da romel las da ra _ 

organizebisaTvis? enis romeli enaze? calkeuls? 

saganTan 

kompetencia 

dakavSirebuli 

leqsika 

ganviTardeba? 

72

2. bilingvuri gakveTilis dagegmvis etapebi 

a. gakveTilis Tema. 

b. motivacia. 

risTvis aris saWiro es gakveTili? 

ramdenad aris dakavSirebuli gakveTilis Tema im codnasTan, 

romlis SeZenac sxva gakveTilebis Sedegad moxda? 

dakavSirebulia Tu ara gakveTilis Tema adre miRebul 

codnasTan da momavalSi misaReb masalasTan? 

ramdenad aris gakveTilis Tema dakavSirebuli moswavleTa 

pirad gamocdilebasTan da maT interesebTan? 

rogor moxerxdeba am gakveTilis saSualebiT swavlis swavla 

da kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTareba? 

ra saxis informacias miiReben moswavleebi am gakveTilis 

saSualebiT? 

rogor unda moxdes gakveTilis gegmis SemuSaveba imgvarad, 

rom gaiRviZos TiToeuli moswavlis personalurma interesma? 

ra saxis kiTxvebis dasma moxdeba moswavleTaTvis, rogor 

gaarTmeven Tavs axali Temis gagebas, rogor SeZleben 

axali informaciis gaanalizebas, ideebis sinTezirebas da 

a.S. 

rogor SeiZleba gakveTilis Temis gamoyeneba imgvarad, rom 

ganviTardes kiTxvebis dasmis, analizis, diskusiis SesaZ- 

lebloba? 

Temis rogori aspeqtebiT aris SesaZlebeli moswavleTaTvis 

Semdgomi kvleviTi muSaobisaTvis xelSewyoba? 

73

ogor moxdeba aRniSnuli gakveTilis saSualebiT meore enis 

aTviseba da rogor Camouyalibebs moswavles dadebiT damoki- 

debulebas meore enis mimarT? 

ra saxis TanamSromloba iqneba sagnis maswavlebelsa da enis 

maswavlebels Soris? 

gakveTilis romel etapze da ra mizniT moxdeba mSobliuri 

enis da meore enis gamoyeneba? 

romeli sityvebis SeTvisebaa aucilebeli meore enidan, 

moswavlis leqsikonidan romeli sityvebis aqtivizaciaa 

aucilebeli? 

swavlebis ra saxis meTodebi da meTodologiuri xerxebi 

iqneba gamoyenebuli imisaTvis, rom moswavleSi ganaviTaros 

zepirsityvieri da werilobiTi saxiT meore enaze azris da 

grZnobis gadmocema? 

rogor ganxorcieldeba moswavleTa TanamSromloba da maT 

mier axalad aTvisebuli leqsikis gamoyeneba? 

g. gakveTilis miznebi 

yoveli gakveTilisaTvis saWiroa ramdenime miznis win wamoweva: 

mizani, romelic dakavSirebulia aTvisebuli masalis SinaarsTan; 

mizani, romelic aviTarebs moswavlis kritikul azrovnebas da 

misi swavlebis SesaZleblobebs; 

mizani, romelic aviTarebs meore enis SesaZleblobebs da iZleva 

kulturul garemoSi integrirebis saSualebas; 

d. winaswar wayenebuli pirobebi 

aucilebelia imis Sefaseba, Tu ra unda icodes da SeeZlos 

moswavles imisaTvis, rom warmatebiT gaarTvas Tavi axal masalas. 

ra winaswari codna gaaCnia moswavles Temis irgvliv? 

74

imisaTvis rom codna SenarCunebuli da xangrZlivi iyos, 

aucilebelia misi SeTviseba ukve nacnob da gasageb konteqstSi, 

amitom TiToeuli Temis aTvisebamde saWiroa rom moswavle 

flobdes winaswar informacias aRniSnuli Temis Sesaxeb. 

gvaZlevs Tu ara moswavleTa niWierebis done, azrovneba da 

swavlis unari imis saSualebas, rom maT daZlion maswavlebelTa 

mier gakveTilisaTvis SemuSavebuli masala? 

Tu xdeba swavlebis axali meTodis gamoyeneba, 

moswavleebisaTvis aucilebelia informaciis miwodeba. Tu 

gakveTilze gegmavT axali meTodis Setanas, maSin moswavleTa 

interesis gamowveva aRniSnuli meTodis mimarT SesaZlebelia 

kiTxvebis dasmiT. imis aucilebloba, rom Tavidanve ganviTardes 

swavlebis SesaZlebloba, Seexeba moswavleTa jgufur muSaobasac 

da swavlebis SesaZleblobis gaTavisebas 

ra donezea warmodgenili qarTuli enis codna da bilingvurad 

swavlebis mzaoba? 

maswavleblisaTvis aucilebelia Seafasos klasSi moswavleTa 

mier meore enis codnis done. agreTve aucilebelia imis damaxso- 

vreba, rom bilingvur meTodebSi mTavar princips warmoadgens ara 

gadaTargmna, aramed Sedareba. 

e. gakveTilis Sefaseba 

Sefasebis dros mniSvnelovania gvaxsovdes gakveTilis gamokve- 

Tili miznebi. fasdeba Semdegi: 

rogor aris aTvisebuli saswavlo masala; 

iswavles Tu ara moswavleebma fiqri da swavla; 

Seivses Tu ara moswavleebma meore enis codna; 

Sefasebis warmarTva SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva meTodebis 

gamoyenebis gziT. Tu Sefasebis procesSi CarTulebi arian 

moswavleebi, maT unda icodnen, Tu romeli davaleba fasdeba 

dadebiTad. amisaTvis aucilebelia naTlad Camoyalibdes da 

75

Seiqmnas im kriteriumebis formulireba, romelTa saSualebiTac 

moxdeba davalebis Sefaseba. Sefasebis kriteriumebis SemuSaveba 

umjobesia moswavleebTan erTad, uSualod Sesafasebeli davalebis 

Sesrulebis win. 

v. droisa da masalebis gadanawileba 

gakveTilis dawyebamde saWiroa imis gansazRvra, gakveTilis 

msvlelobisas saWiro iqneba Tu ara damxmare masalebi da 

xelsawyoebi. ufro rTulia drois gadanawileba. drois 

mizanmimarTuli gadanawileba warmoadgens erTgvar winapirobas 

imisaTvis, rom swavlebis procesi iyos dinamiuri, kargad 

mofiqrebuli, efeqturi, raTa maswavlebelma moaxerxos yvela 

winaswar dagegmili ideis ganxorcieleba. 

76

3. gakveTilis mimdinareobis dagegmva 

gakveTilis safuZvels warmoadgens swavlebisa da swavlis 

samsafexuriani meTodi 

a. gamxnevebis/waxalisebis faza 

waxalisebis fazis dagegmvisas aucilebelia iseTi strategiis 

SemuSaveba, romelic ukeT moaxerxebs: 

Temis irgvliv winaswari codnis gaerTianebas 

moswavleTa waxalisebas, swavlis mowadinebas. 

b. codnis gaTavisebis faza 

codnis gaTavisebis fazis dagegmvisas, unda moxdes imis Sefase- 

ba, Tu rogor moxerxdeba SerCeuli strategiis Sedegad gakveTilze 

miRebuli codnis gaTaviseba da rogor ganviTardeba TanamSromlo- 

bisa da damoukideblad muSaobis unari. 

g. ukukavSiris faza 

mocemuli fazis dagegmvisas, saWiroa imis gansazRvra, Tu ro- 

gor moxdeba SerCeuli strategiis Sedegad codnis SeTviseba, 

agreTve rogor imoqmedebs es strategia miRebuli codnis Semoqme- 

debiTad gamoyenebis procesze. 

kooperatiuli swavlebis mniSvneloba bilingvur ganaTlebaSi 

kvlevebi bilingvur ganaTlebaSi amtkicebs, rom jgufuri 

kooperatiuli swavlebis organizebisas: 

arsebobs Sinaarsis konteqstidan gagebis SesaZlebloba, agreTve 

upiratesoba arsebobs bevri drois TvalsazrisiTac da enis 

77

srulyofilad gamoyenebis saSualebiTac; Sinaarsisa da koncef- 

ciis ukeTesad gasagebad SesaZlebelia mSobliuri enis gamoyene- 

bac; 

meore enaSi garkveuli unarebis ganviTarebisas, SesaZlebelia 

mSobliuri enis codnis sistemiT operireba; 

xdeba moswavleTa stimulireba codnisa da enis aTvisebis 

procesSi aqtiurad CasarTavad; 

warmoCenilia da gamoyenebulia axali saswavlo masalebi; 

swavlebis procesSi yuradReba maxvildeba moswavleTa 

gansxvavebul Tvisebebze da stilze da viTardeba maTi 

mravalmxrivi SesaZleblobebi; 

icvleba maswavleblis roli - informaciis mimwodebeli 

adamianisgan, is gadaiqceva informaciis SeTvisebis 

organizatorad; 

tradiciuli gakveTilis msvlelobisas umeteswilad saubrobs 

maswavlebeli. aseTi gakveTilis tipuri sqema SegviZlia 

warmovadginoT Semdegi saxiT: maswavleblis SekiTxva-moswavlis 

,,swori pasuxi am SekiTxvaze. amavdroulad, TvalsaCinoa droSi 

SezRudva. Tu moswavle myisierad ver pasuxobs SekiTxvaze, is eZebs 

Sesaferis sityvas, aseT SemTxvevaSi ki maswavlebeli mas ar aZlevs 

dros da ekiTxeba sxva moswavles. jgufSi muSaobis dros 

aucilebelia da SesaZlebelia enis mravalmxrivi funqciebis 

gamoyeneba. rodesac moswavleebi saubroben erTmaneTSi, da ara 

mxolod maswavlebelTan, mkveTrad izrdeba enis funqciebis 

gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba. arsebobs TanamSromlobis meti 

variantebi, rac, Tavis mxriv, iZleva enis gavarjiSebis met 

saSualebas. mniSvnelovania isic, rom, rodesac moswavleebi 

saintereso problemis gadaWras cdiloben, am dros isini enas 

iyeneben ara imitom, rom saxelmZRvanelos tradiciuli davaleba - 

,,SeadgineT winadadeba'' Seasrulon, aramed srulad iyeneben 

78

codnas meore enaSi. miuxedavad imisa, rom maTi saubari yovelTvis 

gramatikulad gamarTuli ar aris, am gziT moswavleebs aqvT azris 

gadmocemis saSualeba. 

aseve SeiZleba Seicvalos tradiciuli karnaxi, rodesac 

maswavlebeli dgas klasis winaSe da mTel klass karnaxobs 

garkveul teqsts. misi gardaqmna kooperatiul swavlebad 

SesaZlebelia moswavleTa dawyvilebis an jgufebad dayofis gziT, 

romlis drosac moswavleebi rig-rigobiT karnaxoben erTmaneTs 

srul teqsts, an gamotovebul sityvebs. am gziT mcirdeba stresi, 

moswavleebi koncentrirebas axdenen davalebaze da aqtiurad 

usmenen erTmaneTs. izrdeba TanamSromlobiTi damokidebuleba da 

individualuri pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba. 

yoveldRiuri urTierTobisas sakmarisia SezRuduli raodenobis 

sityvebis maragi da gramatikuli struqtura; sxvadasxva sakiTxTan 

dakavSirebiT sakuTari azris dafiqsirebisas moswavleebs 

uviTardebaT farTo leqsikis da enis gansxvavebuli modelebis 

gamoyenebis moTxovnileba. 

maswavleblebi xSirad sifrTxiliT ekidebian jgufebSi 

muSaobas. ase, magaliTad: `rogor SeiZleba viyo darwmunebuli, 

rom moswavleebi ar daiwyeben saubars mSobliur enaze? vifiqroT 

imaze, Tu rogor mivaRwioT sasurvel Sedegs martivi gziT: mkacri 

discipliniT Tu mizanmimarTuli davalebebis SedgeniT?~ 

specialurad konstruirebuli davaleba, sadac yvela moswavles 

aqvs raRac nawili informaciisa da davalebis Sesruleba 

SesaZlebelia mxolod am informaciis SegrovebiT, iZleva 

pirdapiri reagirebis, individualuri pasuxismgeblobisa da 

aqtiuri mosmenis saSualebas. 

nuTu saocari ar aris is faqti, rom aTeuli wlebis 

ganmavlobaSi moswavleebi wyvilebad isxdnen merxebTan da, 

miuxedavad amisa, maT ar hqondaT emociis gaziarebisa da 

79

erTmaneTis daxmarebis saSualeba. jgufSi muSaobisas dabali 

enobrivi SesaZleblobis mqone moswavles aqvs saSualeba, 

SeekiTxos sxvas mSobliur enaze, xolo moswavle, romelic 

warmatebulia meore enaSi, moaxdens sakiTxebis perifrazirebas da 

amiT moaxdens saubris ganviTarebas. 

bilingvur ganaTlebaSi izrdeba maswavleblis roli. 

tradiciuli sagnis maswavlebeli zogjer fiqrobs: ,,me var sagnis 

maswavlebeli, CemTvis mniSvnelovania, Tu rogor aiTvisa moswavlem 

sagnobrivi masala. me vafaseb Sinaarss da ara enas. `bilingvuri 

ganaTlebis dros TiToeuli maswavleblis roli farTovdeba da is 

gadaiqceva aseve enis maswavleblad. pirvel rigSi, yvela 

maswavlebeli xdeba enis momxmarebeli, xSirad ki tardeba Semdegi 

principi: ,,viswavloT erTad~. 

80

Tavi IV 

qarTuli enisa da maTematikis 

integrirebuli swavlebis 

sanimuSo gakveTilebi 

81

VII klasi 

gakveTili 1 

gakveTili Temaze: `samkuTxedis utoloba~ 

gakveTilis miznebi: gakveTilis mizania, moswavleebma Seiswavlon 

samkuTxedis elementebis Tvisebebi, kerZod, ufro 

Rrmad gaerkvnen samkuTxedis agebulebaSi - daamyaron 

damokidebuleba misi gverdebis sigrZeebs Soris da ga- 

moiyenon es damokidebuleba amocanebis amoxsnisTvis; 

ganiviTaron geometriul obieqtTa grafikuli gamosax- 

ulebebis an obieqtTa urTierTmdebareobis Sesabamisi 

terminologiis gamoyenebiT aRweris unar-Cveva. 

winapirobebi: sakiTxis SeswavlisTvis moswavleebma unda icodnen 

tolferda samkuTxedis cneba, misi Tvisebebi, samkuTxe- 

dis gverdebsa da kuTxeebs Soris mimarTeba; SeeZloT 

martivi mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSirebis damyareba samkuT- 

xedTan da mis elementebTan dakavSirebul debulebebs 

Soris. 

enobrivi miznebi: moswavle Seiswavlis samkuTxedis elementebis 

urTierTganlagebis aRmwer ZiriTad terminebs, SeZlebs 

qarTulad aRweros samkuTxedis gverdebad gamosadegi 

monakveTebis sigrZeebs Soris damokidebuleba da gan- 

martos samkuTxedis utoloba. 

82

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: samkuTxedis agebuleba, damokide- 

buleba samkuTxedis gverdebis sigrZeebs Soris, sam- 

kuTxedis utoloba, sami utolobis erToblioba. axali 

cneba: samkuTxedis utoloba. 

funqciuri frazebi: ganalage Cxirebi wrfis gaswvriv, daawyve 

Cxirebi erTmaneTis miyolebiT, ganaTavse Cxirebi erT- 

maneTis paralelurad, aRmoaCine kanonzomiereba, Sear- 

Cie monakveTebi, Sekari samkuTxedi, daamtkice debuleba. 

resursebi: sxvadasxva sigrZis Cxirebi. 

dro: 45 wT. 

aqtivobebi 

gakveTilis ZiriTadi miznis gacnoba 

moswavleebs SevTavazebT, 2 sm, 3 sm, 4 sm, 5 sm, 6 sm sigrZis 

Cxirebidan SearCion iseTi sameulebi, romlebiTac Seikvreba sam- 

kuTxedi. vTxovT, Seecadon aRmoaCinon kanonzomiereba da davsvamT 

kiTxvas – ratom ver Seikra zogierTi sameulis SemTxvevaSi samkuT- 

xedi? pasuxebis mosmenisa da maTi werilobiT Semoklebuli formiT 

dafiqsirebis Semdeg moswavleebs vetyviT, rom marTebuli pasux- 

is/pasuxebis SesarCevad Cven uaxloes ramdenime gakveTilze swored 

imis garkvevas SevecdebiT, Tu ra sigrZis monakveTebiT SeiZleba 

samkuTxedis Sekvra da romlebiT – ara da ratom, xolo mocemuli 

gakveTilis ZiriTad miznad samkuTxedis gverdebis sigrZeebs Soris 

damokidebulebis garkvevas davsaxavT. 

dro – 5-7 wT. 

83

moswavleTa motivacia 

davsvamT amocanas (# 5 saxelmZRvanelodan): turistuli ba- 

zidan sxvadasxva mimarTulebiT gavida ori jgufi. isini dabanakd- 

nen bazidan 4 da 5 km-Si mdebare punqtebSi. TiToeul jgufs aqvs 

radiogadamcemi, romelic iWers 10 km radiusiT. SeZleben Tu ara 

jgufebi erTmaneTTan dakavSirebas dabanakebis Semdeg? (ix. nax. gv. 

126). moswavleebs vubiZgebT imis gacnobierebisken, rom dasmuli 

amocanis maTematikuri modeli samkuTxedis gverdebis sigrZeebs 

Soris damokidebulebebis garkvevas moiTxovs. 

dro - 2-3 wT. 

kavSiri wina masalasTan 

kiTxvebis saSualebiT moswavleebs SevaxsenebT samkuTxedis 

elementebs Soris mimarTebebs, kerZod, rom tolferda samkuTxedSi 

fuZesTan mdebare kuTxeebi tolia, samkuTxedis udidesi sigrZis 

mqone gverdis pirdapir udidesi gradusuli zomis kuTxe Zevs da 

piriqiT. moswavleebs vTxovT, dafaze samkuTxedis naxazs miaweron 

“udidesi gverdi”, “udidesi kuTxe” da a. S. 

dro – 2-3 wT. 

axali Teoremis damtkiceba 

CamovayalibebT da davamtkicebT Teoremas, rom samkuTxedis 

nebismieri gverdis sigrZe danarCeni ori gverdis sigrZeTa jamze 

naklebia. moswavleebs avuxsniT, rom termini “samkuTxedis utolo- 

ba” sami utolobis erTobliobas aRniSnavs. 

dro – 12-15 wT. 

moswavleTa aqtivobebi 

amgvarad, gairkva, rom Tu mocemuli sami monakveTi romelime 

samkuTxedis gverdebia, maSasadame isini aucileblad akmayofile- 

ben samkuTxedis utolobas. aqedan gamomdinare, samkuTxedi mxolod 

im sami monakveTiT SeiZleba Seikras, romelTaTvisac sruldeba sa- 

84

mive piroba. moswavleebs SevTavazebT SearCion Cxirebis sameulebi 

samkuTxedis utolobis gamoyenebiT, Sekran samkuTxedebi da darw- 

mundnen, rom arc erTi sxva sameuli ar gamodgeba samkuTxedis Sek- 

vrisTvis. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 

codnis gamyareba 

moswavleebs davavalebT daamtkicon, rom imis gasarkvevad, 

mocemuli sami monakveTisTvis sruldeba Tu ara samive piroba, sami 

monakveTidan sakmarisia, udidesi monakveTis sigrZe naklebi iyos 

danarCeni oris sigrZeebis jamze. debulebis Sinaarsis ilustra- 

ciisTvis moswavleebs vTxovT, samkuTxedis ori mcire gverdisTvis 

SerCeuli Cxirebi daawyon erTmaneTis miyolebiT erTi wrfis 

gaswvriv, xolo samkuTxedis udidesi gverdisTvis SerCeuli Cxiri 

ki qveS maT paralelurad ganaTavson da daakvirdnen miRebul su- 

raTs. 

amis Semdeg moswavleebs SevTavazebT, amoxsnan saxelmZRvane- 

los amocana #1. maRali SesaZleblobebis mqone moswavleebs 

vTxovT TviTon, damoukideblad daamtkicon, rom samkuTxedis nebis- 

mieri gverdis sigrZe metia danarCeni ori gverdis sigrZeTa sxvao- 

baze. debulebis Sinaarsis ilustraciisTvis vTxovT amjerad Cxi- 

rebi sxvagvarad ganalagon: ori didi gverdisTvis SerCeuli Cxirebi 

daawyon erTmaneTis qveS paralelurad, ise, rom kargad warmoCndes 

maT sigrZeebs Soris gansxvaveba; umciresi gverdisTvis gankuTvnili 

Cxiri ganaTavson maT qveS paralelurad da daakvirdnen miRebul 

suraTs. 

dro _ 5-7 wT. 

gakveTilze dasaxuli miznebis Sesrulebis Sefaseba 

moswavleebis mier masalis aTvisebis dones SevamowmebT sa- 

varjiSoebis saSualebiT: 

85

saxelmZRvanelos #4 da amocana - samkuTxedis ori gverdis 

sigrZea 8 sm da 6 sm. ra sigrZis SeiZleba iyos samkuTxedis mesame 

gverdi? 

dro _ 3-5 wT. 

saSinao davaleba 

klasSi miRebul codnasa da gamocdilebaze dayrdnobiT, 

moswavleebma unda amoxsnan amocanebi: # 2, 6. 

86

gakveTili 2 

gakveTili Temaze `kuTxis biseqtrisis Tviseba~ 

gakveTilis miznebi: gakveTilis mizania, moswavleebma gamoiyenon 

samkuTxedebis tolobis niSnebi figuraTa Tvisebebis 

dasadgenad, kerZod, Seiswavlon kuTxis biseqtrisis 

Tviseba da gamoiyenon igi amocanebis amoxsnisTvis; ga- 

niviTaron geometriul obieqtTa grafikuli gamosax- 

ulebebis an obieqtTa urTierTmdebareobis Sesabamisi 

terminologiis gamoyenebiT aRweris unar-Cveva; ganivi- 

Taron samkuTxedTan da mis elementebTan dakavSirebul 

debulebebs Soris mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSirebis povnis 

unar-Cveva. 


wertilTa geometriuli adgilis cneba da misi magali- 

Tebi (magaliTad, wrewiri, monakveTis SuamarTobi); kuT- 

xis biseqtrisis, wertilidan wrfemde manZilis, marT- 

kuTxa samkuTxedis cnebebi, marTkuTxa samkuTxedebis 

tolobis niSnebi; SeeZloT geometriuli instrumente- 

bis (fargali, saxazavi, transportiri) gamoyeneba geo- 

metriuli figurebis gamosaxvisTvis da umartivesi ga- 

zomvebis CatarebisTvis; pirdapiri da Sebrunebuli 

Teoremebis Camoyalibeba. 

enobrivi miznebi: moswavle Seiswavlis planimetriis ZiriTad ter- 

minebs, qarTulad CamoTvlis wertilTa geometriuli 

adgilis magaliTebs, aRwers Teoremis Sedgenilobas. 

87

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: amocanis maTematikuri modeli, wer- 

tilTa geometriuli adgili, kuTxis biseqtrisis 

Tviseba, wertilidan wrfemde manZili, Tanabrad 

daSorebuli wertilebi, Sebrunebuli Teorema. 

funqciuri frazebi: daxaze kuTxe, aage biseqtrisa, gazome manZili, 

Camoayalibe Teorema, gamoyavi Teoremis piroba da dask- 

vna, Seadare Tvisebebi. 

resursebi: geometriuli instrumentebi (fargali, saxazavi, trans- 

dro - 45 wT. 

portiri). 

aqtivobebi 


moswavleebs SevTavazebT, daxazon transportiris saSuale- 

biT kuTxe da aagon am kuTxis biseqtrisa; Semdeg aiRon nebismieri 

wertili biseqtrisaze da gazomon manZilebi am wertilidan kuTxis 

gverdebamde. amis Semdeg vTxovT, aiRon biseqtrisis gareT mdebare 

nebismieri wertili da gazomon manZilebi am wertilidan kuTxis 

gverdebamde. moswavleebma cda unda gaimeoron ramdenjerme da ga- 

moTqvan mosazreba biseqtrisaze mdebare wertilebis Tvisebis Se- 

saxeb. pasuxebis mosmenis Semdeg moswavleebs vetyviT, rom Cven ua- 

xloes ramdenime gakveTilze swored imis garkvevas SevecdebiT, Tu 

ra gansakuTrebuli Tviseba aqvT biseqtrisaze mdebare wertilebs, 

romelic ara aqvT biseqtrisis gareT mdebare wertilebs da rogor 

gamoviyenoT es Tviseba geometriuli da praqtikuli amocanebis 

amoxsnisTvis. mocemuli gakveTilis ZiriTad miznad kuTxis biseq- 

trisis Tvisebis garkvevas da mis damtkicebas davsaxavT. 

dro – 7-10 wT. 

88


davsvamT amocanas: or urTierTgadamkveT avtomagistrals 

Soris mdebare teritoriaze sad unda ganTavsdes sakonservo qarxa- 

na, rom igi Tanabrad iyos daSorebuli magistralebidan? moswav- 

leebs davaxazvinebT sqematur naxazs da vubiZgebT imis gacnobiere- 

bisken, rom dasmuli amocanis maTematikuri modeli garkveuli Tvi- 

sebis mqone wertilis mdebareobis SerCevas moiTxovs. 

dro - 2-3 wT. 


kiTxvebis saSualebiT moswavleebs SevaxsenebT wertilidan 

wrfemde manZilis cnebas, marTkuTxa samkuTxedebis tolobis niS- 

nebs, agreTve, wertilTa geometriuli adgilis cnebas da davasax- 

elebinebT mis magaliTebs. 

dro – 2-3 wT. 

axali Teoremis damtkiceba 

CamovayalibebT Teoremas, rom kuTxis biseqtrisis nebismieri 

wertili Tanabarad aris daSorebuli am kuTxis gverdebidan. saWi- 

ro naxazsa da mocemulobas moswavleTa daxmarebiT Sevadgen 

(evristikuli kiTxvebiT). amave meTodis gamoyenebiT, moswavleebis 

monawileobiT davamtkicebT Teoremis marTebulebas. moswavleTa 

yuradRebas gavamaxvilebT Teoremis Camoyalibebis formaze (kate- 

goriuli forma) da CamovayalibebT imave Teoremas pirobiTi for- 

miT (Tu wertili mdebareobs kuTxis biseqtrisaze, maSin is Tana- 

bradaa daSorebuli am kuTxis gverdebidan). 

dro – 5-7 wT. 

89


moswavleebs vTxovT, damtkicebuli TeoremisTvis `Tu..., ma- 

Sin...~ konstruqciis saSualebiT gamoyon piroba da daskvna. moswav- 

leebs vTxovT, Camoayalibon damtkicebuli Teoremis Sebrunebuli 

Teorema (Tu wertili Tanabradaa daSorebuli kuTxis gverdebidan, 

maSin igi am kuTxis biseqtrisaze mdebareobs); maRali maTematikuri 

SesaZleblobebis mqone moswavleebs SevTavazebT Sebrunebuli Teo- 

rema warmoadginon kategoriuli formiT (kuTxis gverdebidan Tana- 

brad daSorebuli wertili am kuTxis biseqtrisaze mdebareobs). 

evristikuli meTodis gamoyenebiT, moswavleebs davexmarebiT, rom 

daamtkicon Sebrunebuli Teorema. 

dro – 10-12 wT. 

codnis gamyareba. 

moswavleebs davavalebT, rom Seasrulon saxelmZRvanelos 

savarjiSoebi #2 da #4. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 


moswavleebs SevTavazebT gaakeTon daskvna – ra figuraa kuT- 

xis gverdebidan Tanabrad daSorebul wertilTa geometriuli ad- 

gili? vTxovT, rom Seadaron erTmaneTs monakveTis SuamarTobisa da 

kuTxis biseqtrisis Tvisebebi – ra msgavsebaa da ra gansxvaveba maT 

Soris?. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 



moswavleebma unda amoxsnan amocanebi saxelmZRvanelodan #3 da #6. 

90

VIII klasi 

gakveTili 1 

gakveTili Temaze: àmocanebis amoxsna wrfiv orucnobian gan- 

tolebaTa sistemis saSualebiT” 

gakveTilis miznebi: gakveTilis mizania, moswavleebma ganiviTaron 

teqsturi amocanebis amosaxsnelad orucnobian wrfiv 

gantolebaTa sistemis Sedgenisa da amoxsnis unar-Cveva. 


wrfiv orucnobian gantolebaaTa sistemisa da misi amo- 

naxsnis cnebebi; SeeZloT wrfiv gantolebaTa sistemis 

amoxsnis sxvadasxva (grafikuli, Casmis, Sekrebis) xer- 

xis gamoyeneba. 

enobrivi miznebi: moswavle SeZlebs qarTulad CamoTvalos wrfiv 

orucnobian gantolebaTa sistemis amoxsnis xerxebi, 

ganmartos teqsturi amocanis pirobebis modelirebiT 

miRebuli Sedegebi. 

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: wrfivi orucnobiani gantoleba, gan- 

tolebaTa sistemis amoxsnis xerxi, teqsturi amocana, 

ucnobis Semotana. 

funqciuri frazebi: Seadgine amocana, Seasrule savarjiSo, amoxseni 

sistema, SearCie sirTulis done, Seamowme/Seafase Tana- 

tolis namuSevari, moniSne Secdomebi. 

91

esursebi: gakveTili ar saWiroebs raime gansakuTrebuli 

dro: 45 wT. 

instrumentebis, TvalsaCinoebebisa da teqnologiebis 

gamoyenebas. 

aqtivobebi 


moswavleebs SevaxsenebT, rom isini ukve daeuflnen wrfiv 

orucnobian gantolebaTa sistemis amoxsnis xerxebs da martiv 

SemTxvevebSi iyeneben kidec wrfiv orucnobian gantolebaTa siste- 

mas teqsturi amocanebis amosaxsnelad. mocemuli gakveTilis Ziri- 

Tad miznad dauflebuli codnis ganmtkicebas, sistemaTa amoxsnaSi 

daostatebasa da teqsturi amocanebis amoxsnis unar-Cvevebis Semd- 

gom ganviTarebas davsaxavT. 

dro – 2-3 wT. 


moswavleebs avuxsniT wrfivi orucnobiani gantolebaTa sis- 

temis amoxsnisa da maTi gamoyenebiT teqsturi amocanebis amoxsnas- 

Tan dakavSirebuli roluri TamaSis Catarebis wesebs, gavacnobT 

TamaSis Semadgeneli yoveli aqtivobis droiT SezRudvebs da mos- 

wavleTa Sefasebis wesebs. moswavleTa naSromebis Sefaseba moxdeba 

Sefasebis specialuri sqemis saSualebiT. niSani iwereba qulaTa 

SesaZlo maqsimumidan dagrovili qulebis procentis mixedviT. niS- 

nis gansazRvrisTvis saWiro procentul intervalebsa da Sefasebis 

sqemas gavakravT dafaze. Sefasebis sqemis kriteriumebia moswavlis 

mier Sedgenili erTi amocanis/savarjiSos Tematuri Sesaferisoba 

da maTematikuri koreqtuloba, TanatolTa Sedgenili ori amoca- 

92

nis/savarjiSos Sesrulebis xarisxi da sxvisi naSromis Semowmeba- 

Sefasebisas gamovlenili kompetenturoba da miukerZoebloba. meti 

sirTulis/siZnelis savarjiSos Sedgenas Tu Sesrulebas meti wona 

aqvs, vidre naklebi sirTulis/siZnelis savarjiSos Sesrulebas; sa- 

varjiSos Sedgenas yvela SemTxvevaSi meti wona aqvs, vidre amoxs- 

nas; bonus-amocanis amoxsnas meti wona aqvs, vidre nebismieri donis 

savarjiSos Sedgenas (“bonus-amocanis” amoxsnaSi miRebuli qulebi 

kompensacias ukeTebs danarCeni savarjiSoebis Sesrulebisas daSve- 

buli Secdomebis mizeziT dakargul qulebs); Semowmeba-Sefasebisas 

Tanatolis naSromSi arsebuli Secdomis gamotoveba an, piriqiT, 

ararsebuli Secdomis “gamogoneba” dabla swevs moswavlis namuSe- 

vris jamur qulebs. 

dro – 10-12 wT. 


saklaso oTaxis kedlebze gamovakrav didi formatis xuT 

furcels, romlebzec Cawerilia gansxvavebuli sirTulis an/da siZ- 

nelis TiTo-TiTo amocana/savarjiSo, romelTagan yvelaze 

rTuls/Znels aqvs “bonus-amocanis” statusi. 

I aqtivoba. yovelma moswavlem daTqmul droSi unda SearCios sir- 

Tulis/siZnelis misTvis Sesaferisi/sasurveli romelime done (gar- 

da yvelaze rTulis/Znelis), Seadginos da rveulis furcelze gasa- 

gebad Caweros erTi analogiuri sirTulis/siZnelis amoca- 

na/savarjiSo, romelsac TandarTuli xelmoweriT miakravs didi 

formatis Sesabamis furcelze TanatolebisTvis Sesasruleblad. 

TamaSis am aqtivobaSi moswavle “maswavleblis” rolSia, xolo pe- 

dagogi akontrolebs moswavleTa mier Sedgenili savarjiSoebis 

koreqtulobasa da Sesaferisobas (arakoreqtuli an Seuferebeli 

savarjiSoebi moswavleTa Semdgomi aqtivobebidan gamoiricxeba). 

93

II aqtivoba. yovelma moswavlem daTqmul droSi unda Seasrulos mis 

mier SerCeul doneze aranakleb rTuli/Zneli donis, Tanatolebis 

mier Sedgenili ori savarjiSo da Semdeg, survilis SemTxvevaSi, 

amoxsnas “bonus-amocana”. erTi savarjiSos Sedgena da ori savarji- 

Sos Sesruleba yvela moswavlisTvis savaldebuloa, mxolod maTi 

Sesrulebis Semdeg eZleva ufleba moswavles, rom amoxsnas “bonus- 

amocana”; winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi “bonus-amocanis” amoxsnis Sedegebi 

saboloo SefasebaSi ar gaiTvaliswineba. TamaSis am aqtivobaSi 

moswavle “moswavlis” rolSia. aqtivobis drois amowurvisTanave 

Sevkreb Sesrulebul da avtorTa mier xelmoweril naSromebs da 

gadavanawileb maT Semowmeba-SefasebisTvis im moswavleTa Soris, 

romelTac erTi da igive sirTulis/siZnelis done airCies. 

III aqtivoba. yoveli moswavle eZebs da aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi moniS- 

navs Tanatolis Secdomebs. am aqtivobaSi igi kvlav “maswavleblis” 

rolSia. 

IV aqtivoba. wina aqtivobisTvis daTqmuli drois amowurvis Semdeg 

“gamsworeblisa” da naSromis avtoris yoveli wyvili erTad ganix- 

ilavs naSroms da amowmebs napovni Secdomebis realurobas (yoveli 

“Secdoma”, romelic ar dasabuTdeba, CaiTvleba baTilad). ganxilva- 

Si Caverevi mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu avtori da “gamsworebeli” 

ver SeTanxmdnen an ver gaerkvnen sakiTxSi. 

sabolood, daTqmul drois amowurvis Semdeg, Sevkreb yvela ganxi- 

lul naSroms, romelic xelmowerilia rogorc avtoris, aseve 

“gamsworeblis” mier, imisaTvis raTa Semdegi gakveTilisTvis Seva- 

faso yoveli moswavle. 

dro - 28-30 wT. 

94


moswavleebma unda Seasrulon pedagogis mier Sedgenili da di- 

di formatis furclebze Tavdapirvelad warmodgenili xuTive sa- 

varjiSo, magaliTad (savarjiSoebi dalagebulia sirTu- 

lis/siZnelis zrdis mixedviT): 

1. aris Tu ara x - y = 6, x + y = 14 sistemis amonaxsni (10;4)? pasuxi 

daasabuTeT. 

2. daamtkiceT, rom sistemas 8x + 6y = 15, 4x + 3y = 8 ar aqvs amo- 

naxsni. 

3. amoxseniT sistema Casmis xerxiT 5y – 6x = -1, 6x + y = 25. 

4. garkveuli Tanxis erTi nawili Setanilia erT bankSi, romel- 

Sic wliuri daricxva (namati) 10%-ia, meore nawili – meore 

bankSi, sadac wliuri daricxvaa 9,6%. saerTo wliuri da- 

ricxviT 146 lari Sedga. Tu Tanxebs adgilebs SevucvliT 

(pirvel nawils meore bankSi gadavitanT, meores – pirvel 

bankSi), maSin daericxeba 148 lari. ra Tanxebia Setanili Ti- 

Toeul bankSi? 

5. “bonus-amocana”: gamoiyeneT sistemis amoxsnis Sekrebis xerxi 

da ipoveT a-s is mniSvnelobebi, romlebisTvisac mocemul 

sistemas uamravi amonaxsni aqvs 4ax – 5y = 10, 1,6x – y =a. 

95

gakveTili 2 

gakveTili Temaze: `kvadratuli fesvi~ 


kvadratuli fesvis cneba; ganiviTaron ricxvidan kva- 

dratuli fesvis amoRebis da ricxvis kvadratSi axa- 

risxebis operaciebis urTierTSebrunebulobis demon- 

strirebis unar-Cveva. 

winapirobebi: sakiTxis SeswavlisTvis moswavleebs unda SeeZloT 

kvadratis farTobis da ricxvis kvadratis gamoTvla; 

ricxviT wrfeze ricxvebis gamosaxva wertilebiT da 

piriqiT, ricxviTi wrfis wertilebis Sesabamisi ricx- 

vebis povna; ricxvebis damrgvaleba mocemul Tanrigamde 

da ricxvebis miaxloebiTi mniSvnelobebis warmodgena 

mocemuli sizustiT (metobiT an naklebobiT). 

enobrivi miznebi: moswavle Seiswavlis iracionalobasTan dakavSi- 

rebul ZiriTad terminebs, aRwers ricxviTi RerZis 

wertilebis saSualebiT iracionaluri ricxvebis war- 

modgenis process, SeZlebs qarTul enaze ganmartos 

amofesva rogorc axarisxebis Sebrunebuli moqmedeba. 

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: kvadratuli fesvi, ariTmetikuli 

kvadratuli fesvi, radikalis niSani, axarisxebis 

Sebrunebuli operacia. 

funqciuri frazebi: warmoadgine ricxvebi ricxviTi wrfis 

wertilebiT, Cawere kvadratuli fesvis miaxloebiTi 

mniSvneloba, imuSave wyvilSi megobarTan erTad, 

gaarkvie – marTebulia Tu ara toloba. 

96

esursebi: gakveTilis Casatareblad saWiroa fargali da marTkuT- 

dro: 45 wT. 

xa samkuTxedis formis saxazavi. moswavleebs unda 

hqondeT kalkulatorebi. 

aqtivobebi 


moswavleebs SevTavazebT daasaxelon 1-dan 100-is CaTvliT 

yvela is ricxvebi, romlebic raime naturaluri ricxvis kvadratia. 

moswavleTa gamokiTxvis Sedegad aRmoCndeba, rom aseTia mxolod 10 

ricxvi – 1 = 1², 4 = 2², 9 = 3² da a.S. Semdeg moswavleebs vkiTxavT, ar- 

sebobs Tu ara sxva (aranaturaluri) ricxvebi, romelTa kvadratic 

dasaxelebuli ricxvebis tolia – moswavleTa pasuxebis Sesabamisad 

miviRebT tolobebs 1 = (-1) ², 4 = (-2) ² da a. S. davaskvni, rom Cven ara 

marto ricxvis kvadratSi axarisxeba SegviZlia, aramed zogierT 

SemTxvevaSi im ricxvebis dasaxelebac ZalgviZs, romelTa kvadratic 

aris mocemuli ricxvi; sxvanairad, zogierT SemTxvevaSi SegviZlia 

kvadratSi axarisxebis Sebrunebuli operaciac SevasruloT – vipo- 

voT iseTi ricxvebi, romelTa kvadratSi axarisxebiT miviRebT mo- 

cemul ricxvs, anu vipovoT kvadratuli fesvi mocemuli ricxvidan.. 

mocemuli gakveTilis ZiriTad miznad davsaxavT mocemuli ricxvi- 

dan kvadratuli fesvis cnebis gansazRvras. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 


davsvamT amocanas: vipovoT im kvadratis gverdis sigrZe, 

romlis farTobia: a) 64 sm²; b) 25 sm²; g) 42 sm². 

dro - 2-3 wT. 

97


kiTxvebis saSualebiT moswavleebs SevaxsenebT ricxviT 

wrfeze ricxvebis gamosaxvas wertilebiT; ricxvebis damrgvalebas 

mocemul Tanrigamde da ricxvebis miaxloebiTi mniSvnelobebis war- 

modgenas mocemuli sizustiT (metobiT an naklebobiT). 

dro – 3-5 wT. 

axali cnebis Semoyvana 

CamovayalibebT ricxvidan kvadratuli fesvis gansazRvrebas 

da davsvamT kiTxvas – arsebobs Tu ara kvadratuli fesvi uaryo- 

fiTi ricxvidan. moswavleTa uaryofiTi pasuxis Semdeg ganv- 

sazRvravT arauaryofiTi ricxvidan ariTmetikuli kvadratuli fes- 

vis cnebas, gavacnobT ariTmetikuli kvadratuli fesvis simbo- 

los da davakavSirebT kvadratul fesvs ariTmetikul fesvTan: da- 

debiTi a ricxvidan kvadratuli fesvi ori ricxvia – ariTmetiku- 

li kvadratuli fesvi a (dadebiTi ricxvi) da misi mopirdapire 

ricxvi - a (uaryofiTi ricxvi). moswavleebs movuyvan 2 ricxvis 

arsebobis damadasturebel arguments – davxatav kvadrats, romlis 

gverdis sigrZea 1 sm da meore kvadrats, romlis gverdi Tavdapir- 

veli kvadratis diagonalis tolia (ix. saxelmZRvanelos gv. 144, 

punqti 2). moswavleebTan evristikuli saubriT advilad damtkicde- 

ba, rom didi kvadratis farTobi orjer metia mcire kvadratis 

farTobze, anu tolia 2 sm². amgvarad, moswavleTa winaSea kvadrati, 

romlis gverdis sigrZe tolia 2 sm. 

dro – 12-15 wT. 

98


davsvamT amocanas 2 ricxvis Caweris Sesaxeb aTobiT siste- 

maSi. moswavleTa yuradRebas gavamaxvilebT im faqtze, rom 2 ar 

aris arc erTi mTeli ricxvis kvadrati, radgan 1²< 2 < 2², (-1) ² < 2 < (- 

2) ². kalkulatorebis saSualebiT ramdenime cdis Semdeg moswavlee- 

bi aseve advilad darwmundebian, rom arc erTi sasruli aTwiladis 

kvadrati ar udris 2-s. 2 ricxvis Cawera SesaZlebelia mxolod 

ariTmetikuli kvadratuli fesvis saxiT. ricxvis 2 miaxloebiTi 

mniSvnelobebi ki SeiZleba sasruli aTwiladebiT warmovadginoT. 

magaliTad, measedebamde sizustiT, kalkulatoris gamoyenebiT 2 ≈ 

1,41; meaTasedebamde sizustiT 2 ≈ 1,414. radgan kalkulatoris Ta- 

nrigebis raodenoba, rogorc wesi, ar aRemateba 7 an 8 Tanrigs, ami- 

tom kalkulatoris ekranze warmoCndeba ricxvis Canaweris mxolod 

nawyveti an damrgvalebuli mniSvneloba. magaliTad, Tu gsurT ipo- 

voT 42 miaxloebiT, kalkulatori giCvenebT 6,4807406 an 6,4807407 

damrgvalebis SemTxvevaSi, radgan 6-is Semdegi cifri metia an toli 

5-is. 

dro – 5-7 wT. 


wina da ukana or mezobel merxTan msxdom moswavleebs SevTa- 

vazebT, erTmaneTisken Sebrundnen da Seadginon jgufi. TiToeulma 

jgufma ricxviT wrfeze unda warmoadginos ricxvebis 2 , - 2 , 

42 , - 42 miaxloebiTi ganlageba; gamarjvebul (vinc ufro swra- 

fad da sworad Seasrulebs davalebas) jgufis liders dafaze da- 

vaxatvinebT ricxviT wrfes da movaniSninebT ricxvebis 2 , - 2 , 

99

42 , - 42 Sesabamis wertilebs. Semdeg moswavleebs vTxovT, wyvi- 

lebSi Seasrulon saxelmZRvanelos savarjiSoebi #2, 6, 8, 10. 

dro – 6-8 wT. 


moswavleebis mier masalis aTvisebis dones SevamowmebT sa- 

varjiSoebis saSualebiT: marTebulia Tu ara toloba 81 9 ? ra- 

tom? marTebulia Tu ara toloba 81 9 

? ratom? ras udris 

2 

( 2) 

? ratom? ras udris (- 2 )² ? ratom? 

dro – 3-5 wT. 



moswavleebma unda amoxsnan amocanebi saxelmZRvanelodan #1, 4, 7, 

13, 16 (g, e, v), 17, 18 (g), 19. 

100

IX klasi 

gakveTili 1 

gakveTilis Tema: `kvadratuli funqcia~ 

gakveTilis miznebi: gakveTilis mizania moswavleebma umartives 

SemTxvevebSi gamoikvlion kvadratuli funqciis Tvise- 

bebi da kvadratuli wevris koeficientis (parametris) 

cvlilebis zegavlena misi grafikis (parabolis) mdeba- 

reobaze sakoordinato sibrtyeSi; parametrebis cvli- 

lebiT gamowveuli grafikis cvlilebebi daukavSiron 

maTTvis cnobil sibrtyis geometriul gardaqmnebs. 

winapirobebi: sakiTxis Sesaswavlad moswavlem unda icodes 

funqciis, misi grafikis, funqciis zrdadoba- 

klebadobis, kvadratuli funqciis, parabolis, 

simetriuli figuris, simetriis RerZis cnebebi; mas 

unda SeeZlos funqciis argumentisa da funqciis 

Sesabamisi mniSvnelobebis cxrilis saSualebiT 

funqciis grafikis ageba, mocemuli veqtoris 

saSualebiT figuris paraleluri gadatanis Sesruleba. 

enobrivi miznebi: moswavle Seiswavlis kvadratuli funqciis 

TvisebebTan dakavSirebul terminebs, SeZlebs 

qarTulad aRweros funqciis yofa-qceva grafikis 

mixedviT. 

101

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: parametris cvlileba, grafikis ga- 

Wimva, grafikis SekumSva, Stoebis mimarTuleba. 

funqciuri frazebi: SeadgineT cxrili, aageT grafiki, SeadareT 

funqciis mniSvnelobebi, imuSaveT jgufurad, gamoik- 

vlieT funqciis Tvisebebi, gaakeTeT daskvnebi. 

resursebi: ujrebiani badis mqone kalkis furclebis sakmarisi 

dro _ 45 wT. 

raodenoba. sasurvelia moswavleebs hqondeT feradi 

flomasterebi an kalmebi. 

aqtivobebi 


moswavleebs SevaxsenebT, rom maTTvis ukve cnobilia 

kvadratuli funqcia zogadi saxiT da is mniSvnelovani praqtikuli 

amocanebi, romlebic gvibiZgeben, rom gamovikvlioT kvadratuli 

funqciis Tvisebebi. am ukanaskneli problemis gadaWras mivyavarT 

kvadratuli funqciis grafikis agebis aucileblobisken, rac 

Sesrulda kidec wina gakveTilze umartives SemTxvevaSi, rodesac 

kvadratul funqcias aqvs saxe y = x². gakveTilis ZiriTad miznad y = 

a x² funqciis grafikis agebasa da Tvisebebis garkvevas davsaxavT, 

rodesac a koeficienti (parametri) gansxvavebulia 1-sgan. 

dro – 2-3 wT. 


moswavleebs warvudgen ujrebiani badiT dafarul furcelze 

Sesrulebul naxazs, romelzec gamosaxulia y = x² funqciis grafiki 

da frontalurad Cavatareb y = x² funqciis Tvisebebis gamokiTxvas. 

102

klasis winaSe davsvamT problemas analogiuri Tvisebebis 

gamokvlevis Sesaxeb im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac a≠1. 

dro 3-5 wT. 


moswavleebs davyofT 5 jgufad, SevTavazebT, Seadginon 

saWiro cxrilebi da aagon y = a x² funqciis grafiki a parametris 

Semdegi mniSvnelobebisTvis a = - 1, a = 2, a = - 2, a = ½, a= -½ (TiToeulma 

jgufma – TiTo). kalkaze Sesrulebuli naxazebi Seikribeba 

jgufuri samuSaoebis dasrulebisTanave da gamoifineba dafaze 

klasis win. CavatarebT grafikebis Sedarebas kalkis furclebis 

erTmaneTze dadebis gziT da moswavleebi TviTon gaakeTeben 

daskvnebs parametris mier miRebuli mniSvnelobebis cvlilebis 

zegavlenis Sesaxeb funqciis grafikis cvlilebaze. es daskvnebi 

Camoiwereba dafaze (magaliTad, Tu a > 0, maSin parabolis Stoebi 

zemoTaa mimarTuli; Tu a < 0, maSin – qveviT; grafiki simetriulia 

ordinatTa RerZis mimarT da a.S.). amis Semdeg moswavleTa ZalebiT 

gairkveva y = a x² funqciis Tvisebebic (magaliTad, Tu a > 0, maSin 

funqcia zrdadia [0,+ ∞) SualedSi da a.S.). es daskvnebic Camoiwereba 

dafaze. 

dro 18-20 wT. 


klasSi Sesruldeba saxelmZRvanelos # 6, 7, 8 savarjiSoebi 

moswavleTa mier jgufuri muSaobis Sedegad momzadebuli 

naxazebisa da dafaze Camowerili daskvnebis gamoyenebiT. garda 

amisa, momaval gakveTilze asaTvisebeli masalisken “xidis gadebis” 

mizniT moswavleebs SevTavazebT, amoxsnan saxelmZRvanelos # 21 

amocana. maRali maTematikuri SesaZleblobebis mqone moswavleebs 

vTxovT, Caweron miRebuli grafikebis Sesatyvisi funqciebi. 

103

warmatebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia moswavleebma amoxsnan 

Sebrunebuli amocanebic. 

dro - 10-12 wT. 


moswavleebs vTxovT, gamoTqvan mosazrebebi romelime y = a x² 

saxis funqciis grafikisa da Tvisebebis Sesaxeb (magaliTad, 

rodesac a = 3, a = - 4, a = ⅔, a= -⅞). 

dro – 3-5 wT. 


moswavleebs mivcem saxelmZRvanelos # 16, 18, 19, 20 

savarjiSoebs. 

104

gakveTili 2 

gakveTili Temaze: èlementaruli xdomiloba. 

albaToba. xdomilobis albaToba~ 


SemTxveviTi xdomilobani da maTi albaToba simravlu- 

ri analogiebis saSualebiT, kerZod, daamyaron Sesaba- 

misoba elementarul xdomilobaTa sivrcis qvesimrav- 

leebsa da SemTxveviT xdomilobebs Soris da gamoiye- 

non es damokidebuleba xdomilobaTa albaTobebis ga- 

moTvlisTvis; ganiviTaron elementarul xdomilobaTa 

sivrcis aRwerisa da xelSemwyob elementarul xdomi- 

lobaTa ricxvis dadgenisTvis variantebis daTvlis 

sxvadasxva xerxebis (magaliTad, cxrilis Sedgena, xise- 

bri diagramis an sxva sqemis Sedgena) gamoyenebis unar- 

Cvevebi; SeZlon SemTxveviTobis warmomqmneli mowyobi- 

lobebis saSualebiT erTi eqsperimentis Canacvleba 

meoreTi. 


simravlis, qvesimravlis, eqsperimentis, SemTxveviTi 

xdomilobis, cdis SesaZlo Sedegebis, aucilebeli da 

SeuZlebeli xdomilobebis, mocemuli xdomilobis xel- 

Semwyobi SesaZlo Sedegis da mocemuli xdomilobis 

sawinaaRmdego xdomilobis cnebebi; isini unda icnobd- 

nen SemTxveviTobis warmomqmnel mowyobilobebs (moneta, 

kamaTeli, ruleti, urna) da SeeZloT eqsperimentis Cat- 

areba maTi gamoyenebiT; agreTve, SeeZloT xdomilobaTa 

105

albaTobis gamoTvla im eqsperimentebisTvis, romlebsac 

sasruli odenobis tolSesaZlebeli Sedegebi SeiZleba 

hqondes, da albaTobis Tvisebebis gamoyenebiT. 

enobrivi miznebi: moswavle Seiswavlis albaTobis Teoriis ZiriTad 

terminebs, ecodineba SemTxveviTobis warmomqmneli mo- 

wyobilobebis qarTuli saxelwodebebi, SeZlebs qar- 

Tulad CamoTvalos variantebis daTvlis xerxebi, aR- 

weros SemTxveviTi eqsperimentis (cdis) elementarul 

xdomilobaTa sivrce. 

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: elementaruli xdomiloba, elementa- 

rul xdomilobaTa sivrce, xelSemwyobi elementaruli 

xdomiloba, tolSesaZlebeli xdomilobebi, eqsperimen- 

tis Canacvleba sxva eqsperimentiT, cda urnaSi birTvis 

CabrunebiT, cda urnaSi birTvis Cabrunebis gareSe. 

funqciuri frazebi: aRwere elementarul xdomilobaTa sivrce, 

CamoTvale xelSemwyobi elementaruli xdomilobebi, ga- 

moTvale xdomilobis albaToba, Caanacvle mocemuli 

eqsperimenti sxva eqsperimentiT. 

resursebi: SemTxveviTobis warmomqmneli mowyobilobebi (moneta, ka- 

dro _ 45 wT. 

maTeli, ruleti, urna). 

106

aqtivobebi 


moswavleebs SevaxsenebT, rom Tu cdis yvela SesaZlo Sedegi 

Tanabrad mosalodnelia, maSin xdomilobis albaToba ganisazRvre- 

ba, rogorc misi xelSemwyobi SesaZlo Sedegebis ricxvis Sefardeba 

yvela SesaZlo SedegTa ricxvTan. amasTanave, Teoriuli da praqti- 

kuli saWiroebebidan gamomdinare, sasurvelia ufro maRali maTema- 

tikuri simkacriT ganisazRvros da ufro zusti maTematikur- 

simboluri aparatiT aRiweros SemTxveviTi eqsperimentis, SemTxve- 

viTi xdomilobis da xelSemwyobi xdomilobis cnebebi. marTlac, 

magaliTad, kamaTlis gagorebis SemTxvevaSi xdomilobas “movida 

luwi” erTi xelSemwyobi SesaZlo Sedegi aqvs, Tuki eqsperimenti 

mdgomareobs luwis an kentis mosvlaSi; xdomilobas “movida luwi” 

sami xelSemwyobi SesaZlo Sedegi aqvs, Tuki eqsperimenti mdgoma- 

reobs romelime ricxvis mosvlaSi 1-dan 6-mde (CaTvliT). gakveTilis 

ZiriTad miznad swored albaTobis ZiriTadi cnebebis maTematiku- 

rad ufro zusti da cxadi ganmartebebis Semoyvanas davisaxav. 

dro - 3-5 wT. 


CavatarebT or eqsperiments (Tu Sesabamisi mowyobilobebi 

xelT ara gvaqvs, maSin SesaZlebelia eqsperimentis Catareba war- 

modgeniT): I. erTi burTulis amoReba urnidan, romelSic 3 TeTri 

da 1 wiTeli burTia; II. ruletis datrialeba, romlis 4 toli seq- 

toridan 3 TeTradaa SeRebili, xolo 1 – wiTlad. moswavleebs 

vTxovT ipovon xdomilobebis “movida wiTeli”, “movida TeTri” 

albaTobebi am eqsperimentebSi. moswavleebs SevTavazebT, rom ami- 

107

saTvis Camoweron yvela SesaZlo Sedegi da yvela xelSemwyobi Se- 

saZlo Sedegi TiToeuli eqsperimentisTvis.UdavsvamT kiTxvas: SeiZ- 

leba Tu ara erTi eqsperimenti meoriT CavanacvloT, Tuki erT-erTi 

mowyobiloba xelmisawvdomi araa? ratom? cdis yoveli gameorebisas 

amoRebuli burTi urnaSi unda CavabrunoT Tu ara? ratom? urnidan 

birTvis amoRebis ra eqsperimentiT SeiZleba warmovadginoT monetis 

agdeba? kamaTlis gagoreba? cdis yoveli gameorebisas burTis Ca- 

bruneba aucilebelia Tu ara? ratom?A 

dro – 5-7 wT. 


CamovayalibebT cnebebis èlementaruli xdomiloba”, “elemen- 

tarul xdomilobaTa sivrce”, “xdomiloba”, “xelSemwyobi elementa- 

ruli xdomiloba” gansazRvrebebs simravlis, elementisa da qvesi- 

mravlis terminebSi, moswavleebs SevTavazebT, Seadginon elementa- 

rul xdomilobaTa sivrce xisebri diagramis an/da cxrilis gamoye- 

nebiT eqsperimentisTvis “Cabrunebis gareSe zedized orjer TiTo 

burTulis amoReba urnidan, romelSic oTxi ernairi gadanomrili 

burTulaa nomrebiT 1, 2, 3, 4.” moswavleebs SevTavazebT elementa- 

rul xdomilobaTa sivrcis aRweras im SemTxvevaSic, rodesac pir- 

velad amoRebul burTulas Caabruneben meore burTulis amoRebis 

win. elementTa CamonaTvalis saxiT mocemuli am ori sivrcis Seda- 

reba moswavleebs cxadad warmouCens gansxvavebas eqsperimentebs 

Soris. 

dro – 10-12 wT. 


moswavleebs davavalebT, gamoTvalon xdomilobis “alal- 

bedze SerCeuli birTvebis nomrebi luwi ricxvebiT gamoisaxeba” 

albaToba rogorc pirveli, aseve meore eqsperimentebisTvis. pirve- 

108

li eqsperimentis SemTxvevaSi mocemuli xdomilobis xelSemwyobi 

elementaruli xdomilobebis ricxvisa da sivrcis elementebis 

ricxvebis SefardebiT, miviRebT aRniSnuli xdomilobis albaTobas 

2:12=1/6. meore eqsperimentis SemTxvevaSi gveqneba 4:16=1/4. amis Semdeg 

moswavleebs vTxovT, damoukideblad gamoTvalon sxvadasxva xdo- 

milobebis albaTobebi 5-burTuliani urnis SemTxvevaSi orive saxis 

eqsperimentebSi (burTulebis CabrunebiT da Cabrunebis gareSe). ma- 

Rali maTematikuri SesaZleblobebis moswavleebs vTxovT, simrav- 

lur terminebSi ganmarton aucilebeli xdomiloba da SeuZlebeli 

xdomiloba; agreTve Caweron xdomilobis albaTobis gamosaTvleli 

formula, Tu xdomilobaTa sivrce n cali tolSesaZlebeli ele- 

mentaruli xdomilobisgan Sedgeba, xolo mocemuli xdomilebis 

xelSemwyobi elementaruli xdomilobebis ricxvia m. 

dro – 12-15 wT. 


moswavleebis mier masalis aTvisebis dones SevamowmebT sax- 

elmZRvanelos savarjiSoebis saSualebiT: moswavleebs erTi meoris 

miyolebiT SevTavazebT mravalarCevniani testis tipis amocanebs 

pirveli oci savarjiSos kenti nomrebidan. 

dro – 5-6 wT. 


moswavleebma unda amoxsnan luwi nomris mqone amocanebi sax- 

elmZRvanelos pirveli oci savarjiSos farglebSi. 

109

X klasi 

gakveTili 1 

gakveTilis Tema: `moqmedebebi simravleebze. 

venis diagramebi~ 


simravleebs Soris mimarTebebis damyarebisa da 

gamosaxvis unar-Cvevebi TvalsaCino modelebis, kerZod, 

venis diagramebis saSualebiT; Seasrulon moqmedebebi 

simravleebze, romlebic mocemulia maxasiaTebeli 

Tvisebis saSualebiT, maT Soris TanakveTa, gaerTianeba, 

sxvaoba da damateba universalur simravlemde; 

adekvaturad gamoiyenon terminebi, simboloebi da 

cnebebi. 

winapirobebi: sakiTxis Sesaswavlad moswavlem unda icodes 

simravlis, mikuTvnebis, elementis, qvesimravlis, 

carieli simravlis da simravleebis tolobis cnebebi 

da simboloebi elementTa CamonaTvalis saxiT 

mocemuli simravlis SemTxvevaSi; mas unda SeeZlos 

elementTa CamonaTvalis saxiT mocemul simravleebs 

Soris mimarTebebis damyareba da simravluri 

operaciebis (gaerTianeba, TanakveTa, sxvaoba) 

Sesruleba. 

enobrivi miznebi: moswavle Seiswavlis simravleebze moqmedebebis 

qarTul saxelwodebebs, SeZlebs qarTulad ganmartos 

venis diagrama, verbalurad warmoadginos simboloebis 

saSualebiT Cawerili simravle an/da moqmedeba. 

110

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: venis diagrama, sakuTrivi qvesi- 

mravle, universaluri simravle, qvesimravlis damateba 

universalur simravlemde. 

funqciuri frazebi: gaarkvie mimarTeba simravleebs Soris, Cawere 

maxasiaTebeli Tvisebis saSualebiT, Seasrule 

moqmedeba simravleebze, gamosaxe diagramis saSualebiT, 

daamtkice Tviseba. 

resursebi: gakveTili ar saWiroebs raime gansakuTrebuli 

dro - 45 wT. 


gamoyenebas. sasurvelia moswavleebs hqondeT feradi 

flomasterebi. 

aqtivobebi 


moswavleebs SevaxsenebT, rom maTematikur, sayofacxovrebo 

da logikur amocanebSi vxvdebiT viTarebas, rodesac saWiroa yvela 

im obieqtis identifikacia, romelic akmayofilebs ramdenime 

pirobidan erT-erTs an yvela maTgans, an ar akmayofilebs am 

pirobebs. maxasiaTebeli TvisebiT mocemuli simravleebis 

SemTxvevaSi es amocana umjobesia TvalsaCino modelebis 

saSualebiT – venis diagramebis gamoyenebiT - amoixsnas. gakveTilis 

ZiriTad miznad swored maxasiaTebeli TvisebiT mocemul 

simravleebs Soris mimarTebebis garkvevas davsaxavT. garda amisa, 

yuradRebas gavamaxvilebT simravleebze Sesrulebuli operaciebis 

Sedegebis Caweraze maxasiaTebeli Tvisebis saSualebiT (es 

operaciebia TanakveTa, gaerTianeba, gamokleba da kidev erTi, axali 

operacia – damateba universalur simravlemde). 

dro – 3-5 wT. 

111


moswavleebs davusvam amocanas yvela samkuTxedis, tolferda, 

tolgverda da marTkuTxa samkuTxedebis simravleebis 

urTierTmimarTebis Taobaze. TiToeuli mimarTebis dazustebis 

Semdeg davsvamT sakiTxs erTiani suraTis grafikulad gamosaxvis 

Sesaxeb venis diagramis saSualebiT. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 


frontalurad Cavatareb gamokiTxvas aTze naklebi kenti 

ricxvebisa da aTze naklebi martivi ricxvebis urTierTmimarTebis 

Sesaxeb, rodesac es simravleebi elementTa CamonaTvalis saxiTaa 

mocemuli. Semdeg warvudgen maxasiaTebeli TvisebiT imave 

simravleebis Caweris nimuSs da avuxsniT Sesabamis simbolikas. 

dro _ 3-5 wT. 


moswavleebs vTxovT Camoayalibon cnobili operaciebis 

gansazRvrebani, Semdeg zemoT mocemuli ori simravlis TanakveTa, 

gaerTianeba da sxvaoba gamosaxon venis diagramebiT da, bolos, 

Sedegi Caweron maxasiaTebeli Tvisebis saSualebiT. ganvixilavT 

saxelmZRvanelos savarjiSoebs # 26, 39. aqtivoba mizanSewonilia 

Catardes wyvilebSi da Sedegebi Sejerdes. 

dro - 8-10 wT. 

axali operaciis Semoyvana 

ganvsazRvravT universalur simravles da misi qvesimravlis 

damatebas, rogorc universaluri simravlisa da misi qvesimravlis 

sxvaobas, warmovadgen Sesabamis simboloebs da moswavleebs vTxovT, 

112

om Seecadon TviTon daxaton Sesabamisi venis diagrama. Semdeg 

moswavleebma unda Seasrulon savarjiSo # 38 saxelmZRvanelodan. 

Tu moswavleebi ver daZleven dasmul amocanebs, maSin me warvudgen 

pasuxs da vTxovT daasabuTon pasuxis samarTlianoba. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 


moswavleebs vTxovT, daasabuTon Semdegi tolobebis 

samarTlianoba: A A'A=UU, A A'A=U . maRali SesaZleblobebis 

moswavleebs SevTavazebT de morganis kanonebis damtkicebas ( 

(A 'A=U = A' B'A, (A B)'A=U A B ). 

dro _ 5-7 wT. 


# 33. 

moswavleebs vTxovT, Seasrulon saxelmZRvanelos savarjiSo 

dro – 3-5 wT. 


moswavleebs davalebad mivcemT savarjiSoebs # 24, 29, 36, 44, 

45. dainteresebul moswavleebs vTxovT, daasabuTon simravleebze 

moqmedebebis Tvisebebi, magaliTad: (A B A (B , 

(A B A (B . 

113

gakveTili 2 

gakveTili Temaze: `centruli da RerZuli simetriebi~ 

gakveTilis miznebi: gakveTilis mizania moswavleebma Seiswavlon 

centruli da RerZuli simetriebi, rogorc sibrtyis 

Tavis Tavze asaxvis kerZo SemTxvevebi, gaecnon maT 

Tvisebebs da SeZlon am Tvisebebis gamoyeneba amocane- 

bis amosaxsnelad; gamoiyenon koordinatebi am geome- 

triuli gardaqmnebis Sesrulebisa da gamosaxvisTvis. 


asaxvis, Seqcevadi asaxvis, geometriul figuraTa asaxva, 

mocemuli wertilis simetriuli wertilis ageba moce- 

muli wrfis an wertilis mimarT. 

enobrivi miznebi. moswavle Seiswavlis sibrtyis Tavis Tavze asax- 

vis ZiriTad terminebs, ecodineba asaxvis kerZo saxeo- 

baTa qarTuli saxelwodebebi, qarTulad ganmartavs 

figuraTa tolobas, SeZlebs CamoTvalos gadaadgilebis 

arsebiTi niSnebi. 

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: sibrtyis asaxva Tavis Tavze, gadaad- 

gileba - moZraoba, centruli simetria, RerZuli sime- 

tria, toloba –kongruentuloba. 

funqciuri frazebi: aageT simetriuli figura, daamtkiceT Tviseba, 

imuSaveT wyvilebSi, SeajameT debulebebi, gaakeTeT 

daskvnebi, SeadareT Sedegebi. 

resursebi: fargali, transportiri, marTkuTxa samkuTxedis formis 

dro _ 45 wT. 

saxazavi. 

114

aqtivobebi 


moswavleebs SevTavazebT mocemuli wertilis an wrfis mi- 

marT simetriuli wertilebis agebas. davsvamT kiTxvas – akmayofi- 

lebs Tu ara ganxiluli Sesabamisoba asaxvis gansazRvrebas. gakve- 

Tilis ZiriTad miznad sibrtyis Tavis Tavze asaxvis Tvisebebis 

garkvevas da maT gamoyenebas davsaxavT. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 


ganvsazRvravT centrul da RerZul simetriebs, davsvamT 

amocanas monakveTis anasaxis povnis Sesaxeb RerZuli da centruli 

simetriebis SemTxvevaSi da davazustebT gansazRvris ares da 

mniSvnelobaTa simravles TiToeulisTvis. 

dro – 5-7 wT. 


moswavleebs gavaxsenebT Seqceuli asaxvis cnebas da 

davanaxeb, rom orive asaxva (RerZuli da centruli simetriebi) – 

Seqcevadi asaxvaa. 

dro – 2-3 wT. 


moswavleebs davavalebT, daamtkicon, rom RerZuli simetria, 

iseve rogorc centruli simetria, manZilebs ar cvlis. samuSao 

unda Sesruldes wyvilebSi. warmatebul wyvils gamoviZaxebT 

dafasTan, rom warmoadginon Sedegi (TiToeulma - TiTo). 

CamovayalibebT moZraobis (gadaadgilebis) gansazRvrebas da sxva 

115

moswavleebs vTxovT, Seajamon Tanatolebis mier damtkicebuli 

debulebebi daskvnebis saxiT imis Sesaxeb, rom orive ganxiluli 

asaxva – gadaadgilebaa. 

dro – 12-15 wT. 


CamovayalibebT mocemuli figuris simetriuli da 

kongruentuli figurebis da simetriuli figuris cnebebs sibrtyis 

sakuTar Tavze asaxvis “enaze” da vTxovT moswavleeebs, rom 

amoxsnan saxelmZRvanelos amocanebi # 36, 38. 

dro – 8-10 wT. 



elmZRvanelos # 40 savarjiSos saSualebiT. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 



moswavleebma unda amoxsnan amocanebi saxelmZRvanelodan # 41, 43, 

44. dainteresebul moswavleebs SevTavazebT savarjiSos #42. 

116

XI klasi 

gakveTili 1 

gakveTili Temaze: `trigonometriuli funqciebis 

mniSvnelobaTa povna, nulebi; 

trigonometriuli funqciebis niSnebi~ 


grafikuli da algebruli meTodebiT trigonometriuli 

funqciiis Tvisebebis dadgenis unar-Cveva; Seiswavlon 

trigonometriuli funqciebis nulebi da niSanmudmivo- 

bis Sualedebi; CamouyalibdeT kalkulatoris saSuale- 

biT trigonometriuli funqciebis mniSvnelobebis pov- 

nis Cvevebi. 


trigonometriuli funqciebis gansazRvreba nebismieri 

kuTxisTvis, trigonometriul funqciaTa mniSvnelobebi 

0, π/6, π/4, π/3, π/2, 2π/3, 3π/4, 5π/6, π radianuli zomis mqone 

kuTxeebze da trigonometriul funqciebs Soris kavSi- 

ris gamomxatveli formulebi, agreTve, trigonome- 

triul funqciaTa perioduloba da maTi umciresi pe- 

riodebi; SeeZloT daamyaron mimarTeba erTeulovani 

wrewiris wertilebs, kuTxeebsa da trigonometriuli 

funqciebis mniSvnelobebs Soris. 

117

enobrivi miznebi. moswavle SeZlebs qarTulad aRweros trigonome- 

triuli funqciebis Tvisebebi, ganmartos msgavseba da 

gansxvaveba sxvadasxva funqciis Tvisebebs Soris. 

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: trigonometriuli funqciebis niSne- 

bis cxrili, kalkulatoris saSualebiT trigono- 

metriuli funqciis mniSvnelobis povna. 

funqciuri frazebi: gansazRvre funqciis niSani argumentis moce- 

muli mniSvnelobisTvis, gamoiyene funqciis periodu- 

loba, Cawere funqciis nulebi, gamoTvale funqciis 

mniSvneloba argumentis mocemuli mniSvnelobisTvis. 


dro _ 45 wT. 


gamoyenebas. 

aqtivobebi 


martivi algebruli gardaqmnebis saSualebiT moswavleebs 

vuCvenebT, rom trigonometriul funqciebs Soris kavSiris 

amsaxveli formulebi saSualebas ar iZleva, romelime 

trigonometriuli funqciis cnobili mniSvnelobis saSualebiT 

calsaxad ganvsazRvroT sxva trigonometriuli funqciis 

mniSvneloba, Tuki cnobili araa am funqciis niSani argumentis 

mocemuli mniSvnelobisTvis. mocemuli gakveTilis ZiriTad miznad 

swored trigonometriuli funqciebis niSnebisa da nulebis 

dadgenas davsaxavT. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 

118


moswavleebs vetyviT, rom dasmuli problemis gadaWra mraval 

gamoyenebas hpovebs geometriaSi (magaliTad, samkuTxedebis 

amoxsnisas), fizikaSi (meqanikis, eleqtromagnetizmis, optikis 

amocanebis amoxsnisas), trigonometriuli gantolebebis amoxsnisas. 

dro - 2-3 wT. 


moswavleebs gamovkiTxavT trigonometriul funqciaTa 

periodebs. moswavleebs SevaxsenebT, rom trigonometriul 

funqciaTa periodulobis Seswavlis Sedegad SesaZlebeli gaxda 

trigonometriuli funqciebis mniSvnelobaTa povna yvela im 

kuTxeebisTvisac, romlebic periodis jeradiT aRematebian kuTxeebs 

[0, 2π] Sualedidan. radgan trigonometriul funqciaTa 

mniSvnelobebi zogierTi kuTxisTvis [0, π] Sualedidan 

moswavleebisTvis cnobilia, amitom SevamowmebT, iyeneben Tu ara 

moswavleebi funqciaTa periodulobas funqciaTa mniSvnelobebis 

gamosaTvlelad am kuTxeebisgan periodis jeradiT gansxvavebuli 

kuTxeebisTvis. 

dro _ 5-7 wT. 


[0, π] Sualedis nebismieri kuTxisTvis trigonometriul 

funqciaTa mniSvnelobebi mocemulia specialur cxrilebSi an 

SeiZleba gamoiTvalos kalkulatoris saSualebiT, romelsac aqvs 

saTanado operaciebi. moswavleebs gavacnobT kalkulatoris 

saSualebiT trigonometriuli funqciebis mniSvnelobaTa povnis 

instruqcias da gamovaTvlevinebT trigonometriuli funqciebis 

mniSvnelobebs kuTxeebisTvis, romlebic SeiZleba gamosaxuli iyos 

119

ogorc gradusebSi, aseve radianebSi (saxelmZRvanelos savarjiSo 

# 11). moswavleebs vTxovT, gaiTvaliswinon trigonometriuli 

funqciebis perioduloba da erTeulovani wrewiris saSualebiT 

gaarkvion is kuTxeebi [0, 2π) SualedSi, romelTaTvisac 

trigonometruli funqciebi nulis tol mniSvnelobebs iReben. 

TiToeuli funqciisTvis aseTi kuTxeebis dasaxelebis Semdeg 

davsvamT amocanas funqciebis nulebis simravlis dadgenis da misi 

aRweris Sesaxeb n Z cvladis gamoyenebiT. amis Semdeg 

“sokratuli” (evristikuli) meTodis gamoyenebiT warvmarTav 

muSaobas da erTeulovani wrewiris gamoyenebiT moswavleebs 

Sevavsebineb trigonometriuli funqciebis niSnebis cxrils, sadac 

gamoricxulia kuTxeebi, romlebic meoTxedebis sazRvris 

Sesabamisia. bolos funqciebis periodulobis gaTvaliswinebiT 

ganvixilav sakiTxs funqciebis niSnebis Sesaxeb, rodesac 

argumentis mniSvnelobebi (0, 2π) Sualedis miRmaa. 

dro – 12-15 wT. 


trigonometriuli funqciebis niSnebis cxrils gamoviyenebT 

ori tipuri savarjiSos Sesasruleblad: a) mocemulia sin t = - ¼, π < t 

< 3 π/2. kalkulatoris gamoyenebis gareSe vipovoT cos t da tg t. b) 

mocemulia tg t = -2 , 3 π/2 < t < 2π. kalkulatoris gamoyenebis gareSe 

vipovoT sin t da cos t. 

dro – 7-10 wT. 



elmZRvanelos #6, 7, 8 savarjiSoebis saSualebiT. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 

120


erTeulovani wrewiris, klasSi Sedgenili cxrilisa da for- 

mulebis saSualebiT moswavleebma unda Seasrulon klasSi ganxi- 

lulis analogiuri savarjiSoebi # 12, 16 da amocanebi #13, 14 kuT- 

xis mdebareobis gansazRvris Sesaxeb. dainteresebul moswavleebs 

SevTavazebT #15 amocanasac. 

121

gakveTili 2 

gakveTili Temaze: `sivrcul figuraTa SeswavlaSi 

veqtorebis gamoyenebis magaliTebi~ 

gakveTilis miznebi: gakveTilis mizania, moswavleebi gaiwafon veq- 

torebis gamoyenebaSi geometriuli debulebebis dasamt- 

kiceblad, logikuri kavSirebis povnaSi mocemul geo- 

metriul debulebebs Soris da deduqciur msjelobaSi; 

agreTve veqtorebis saSualebiT gamoyenebiTi xasiaTis 

amocanebis amoxsnaSi. 


veqtorebi da maTze operaciebi (Sekreba, skalarze ga- 

mravleba, skalaruli namravli); wrfisa da sibrtyis 

marTobulobasTan da orTogonalur dagegmilebasTan 

dakavSirebuli debulebebi, agreTve, sami marTobis de- 

bulebebi. 

enobrivi miznebi: moswavle daeufleba samganzomilebiani geome- 

triis (stereometriis) obieqtebTan dakavSirebul Ziri- 

Tad terminebs, ecodineba sibrtyeze orTogonaluri 

dagegmilebis elementebis qarTuli saxelwodebebi, 

SeZlebs qarTulad ganmartos stereometriis ZiriTadi 

debulebebi. 

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: sami marTobis debulebebi, wrfisa da 

sibrtyis marTobulobis niSani, orTogonaluri dageg- 

122

mileba, wertilidan sibrtyeze daSvebuli marTobi, 

wertilidan sibrtyemde manZili, sibrtyisadmi daxrili, 

daxrilis gegmili sibrtyeze. 

funqciuri frazebi: SearCie amocanis amoxsnis xerxi, daasabuTe 

debuleba sxvadasxva xerxiT, imuSave jgufurad 

TanatolebTan erTad, SearCie koordinaTa sistema, 

Seamowme/Seafase megobris amonaxsni, SekiTxvas gaeci 

mokle werilobiTi pasuxi, warmoadgine amoxsnis 

Sedegebi, moamzade SekiTxvebi gaugebar sakiTxebTan 

dakavSirebiT. 

resursebi: wiTeli an mwvane feris kalmebi an flomasterebi mos- 

dro _ 45 wT. 

wavleebisTvis. 

aqtivobebi 


SevajamebT ganvlil masalas, CamovTvli ZiriTad amocanaTa 

tipebs, romelTa gadaWrac moswavleebs ZaluZT ganviTarebuli 

unar-Cvevebis saSualebiT da mocemuli gakveTilis ZiriTad miznad 

wina gakveTilebze dauflebuli codnisa da unar-Cvevebis 

ganmtkicebas davsaxavT. 

dro – 2-3 wT. 


kiTxvebis saSualebiT moswavleebs SevaxsenebT Semdgomi 

jgufuri muSaobisTvis saWiro sakiTxebs: veqtorTa koordinatebi 

dekartis sakoordinato sistemaSi, veqtorTa skalaruli namravli, 

mravalwaxnagebi, piTagoras Teorema. 

dro – 2-3 wT. 

123


moswavleebs SevTavazebT “blics” - ramdenime mniSvnelovani 

Teoriuli xasiaTis Ria an daxuruli tipis SekiTxvas wina 

gakveTilze Seswavlil masalasTan dakavSirebiT (wrfisa da 

sibrtyis marTobuloba, orTogonaluri dagegmileba, sami marTobis 

debulebebi), romelTac swrafad, ramdenime wuTis ganmavlobaSi 

individualurad unda gaeces mokle werilobiTi pasuxi, magaliTad: 

CamoayalibeT wrfisa da sibrtyis marTobulobis gansazRvreba; 

CamoayalibeT wrfisa da sibrtyis marTobulobis niSani; ras 

ewodeba orTogonaluri dagegmileba? CamoayalibeT debulebebi sami 

marTobis Sesaxeb. moswavleebs vTxovT, gadaSalon saSinao 

davalebis rveulebi da sanam isini weren “blics”, Camovivli da 

aRvricxav, aqvs Tu ara TiToeul maTgans Sesrulebuli saSinao 

davaleba. “blicisTvis” gankuTvnili drois amowurvis Semdeg 

moswavleebs vTxovT wyvilebSi gacvalon nawerebi da erTmaneTs 

Seumowmon pasuxebis siswore, SeniSvnebi da rekomendaciebi feradi 

flomasterebiT unda Sesruldes. avtorisa da komentatoris mier 

xelmoweril nawerebs Sevagroveb moswavleTa miRwevebisa da 

progresis Semdgomi gaRrmavebuli analizisa da SefasebisTvis. 

dro – 10-12 wT. 


moswavleebs davajgufebT arahomogenuri Semadgenlobis 

jgufebad da SevTavazebT Temis Sesabamis jgufur samuSaos 

saxelmZRvanelodan (ix. gv. 219. sami marTobis debulebebis 

damtkiceba saxelmZRvanelosgan gansxvavebuli gziT – wrfisa da 

sibrtyis marTobulobis pirobis gamoyenebiT an piTagoras Teoremis 

gamoyenebiT; II. kubis wveroze modebuli da am wverosTan mimdebare 

waxnagebis diagonalebis gaswvriv mimarTuli sami Zalis tolqmedis 

124

povna sivrceSi koordinatTa sistemis gamoyenebiT an veqtorTa 

skalaruli namravlis gamoyenebiT). jgufebma daTqmul droSi 

werilobiT unda warmoadginon naSromi. yoveli jgufis nebismieri 

wevri mzad unda iyos, rom upasuxos maswavleblisa Tu Tanatolis 

SekiTxvebs, risTvisac jgufis yovelma wevrma TanagundelebTan 

erTad unda izrunos rogorc savarjiSoebis Sesrulebaze 

saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli miTiTebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, aseve 

prezentaciisTvis mzaobaze. jgufebis muSaobis Sesafaseblad 

gamoviyenebT winaswar Sedgenil Sefasebis sqemas. gamarjvebuli 

jgufis wevrebs davajildoveb kalmebiT. 

dro – 22-25 wT. 


moswavleebs vTxovT, Semdgom gakveTilze gansaxilvelad 

moamzadon SekiTxvebi yvela gaugebar sakiTxTan Tu saSinao 

davalebebis amouxsnel amocanebTan dakavSirebiT. moswavleebs 

gadavcemT sakontrolo werisTvis gasameorebeli sakiTxebisa da 

tipuri amocanebis CamonaTvals saxelmZRvanelodan imisaTvis, raTa 

Semdgomis momdevno gakveTilze sakontrolo samuSaoSi warmatebiT 

daZlion analogiuri amocanebi. 

125

XII klasi 

gakveTili 1 

gakveTili Temaze: `zogierTi racionaluri da 

iracionaluri funqcia~ 


wilad-wrfivi funqcia, gamoikvlion misi Tvisebebi da 

aagon grafiki; ganiviTaron funqciaTa ojaxebis Seda- 

rebis unar-Cveveva iseTi Tvisebebis mixedviT, rogori- 

caa gansazRvris are da mniSvnelobaTa simravle, fesve- 

bisa da eqstremumebis SesaZlo raodenoba, niSanmudmi- 

vobis da zrdadoba-klebadobis Sualedebi, asimptoturi 

qceva, grafikis geometriuli Tvisebebi. 


wrfivi funqcia da misi grafiki, cvladebs Soris uku- 

proporciuli damokidebuleba, misi Tvisebebi da gra- 

fiki (hiperbola), polinomuri funqcia; figuraTa geo- 

metriuli gardaqmnebi sibrtyeze; SeeZloT martivi gar- 

daqmnebis Sesruleba algebrul gamosaxulebebze. 

enobrivi miznebi: moswavle Seiswavlis funqciis yofa-qcevis damax- 

asiaTebel ZiriTad terminebs, ecodineba funqciis Tvi- 

sebebis qarTuli saxelwodebebi, SeZlebs qarTulad 

aRweros funqciis grafikis Taviseburebani da ganmar- 

tos parametrebis zegavlena funqciis Tvisebebze. 

126

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: racionaluri funqcia, wilad-wrfivi 

funqcia, polinomur funqciaTa Sefardeba, grafikis 

asimptoti, funqciis yofa-qceva argumentis usasrulod 

gazrdis/Semcirebisas. 

funqciuri frazebi: damoukideblad Seasrule savarjiSo, Seasrule 

geometriuli/algebruli gardaqmnebi, aRwere funqciis 

yofa-qceva, gamoiyene algebruli da grafikuli meTo- 

debi, gamoikvlie parametrebis zegavlena funqciis 

Tvisebebze. 


dro _ 45 wT. 


gamoyenebas. 

aqtivobebi 


moswavleebs SevTavazebT funqciaTa axali ojaxis – 

racionaluri funqciebis Seswavlas maTi erT-erTi warmomadgenlis, 

wilad-wrfivi funqciis magaliTze. mocemuli gakveTilis ZiriTad 

miznad grafikuli da algebruli meTodebis gamoyenebiT wilad- 

wrfivi funqciis Tvisebebis garkvevas da funqciis Tvisebebze 

funqciis parametrebis cvlilebis zegavlenis aRweras davsaxavT. 

dro – 2-3 wT. 


moswavleebs davusvamT amocanas: gaarkvieT, ra funqciis 

grafiki miiReba y = 1/x funqciis grafikisgan paraleluri 

127

gadataniT marcxniv (X RerZis paralelurad) 1 erTeuliT da zemoT 

(Y RerZis paralelurad 3 erTeuliT (ix. nax. gv. 244). 

dro - 2-3 wT. 


moswavleebs vTxovT y = 1/x funqciis grafikis agebas da 

funqciis yofaqcevis aRweras, roca argumenti usazRvrod izrdeba, 

an mcirdeba. 

dro – 2-3 wT. 

axali masalis wardgena 

moswavleebs gavacnobT racionaluri funqciis, wilad-wrfivi 

funqciis, funqciis grafikis asimptotis cnebebs, moswavleTa 

daxmarebT aRvwer wilad-wrfivi funqciis yofa-qcevas, roca 

argumenti usazRvrod izrdeba, an mcirdeba. 

dro – 7-9 wT. 


frontaluri muSaobisTvis moswavleebs SevTavazebT 

saxelmZRvanelos savarjiSoebs # 1, 4, 5, 6, 14 (a, b). 

dro – 10-12 wT. 


moswavleebs davavalebT, damoukideblad Seasrulon 

saxelmZRvanelos # 17 (a, g), xolo maRali SesaZleblobebis 

moswavleebs damatebiT – # 16 savarjiSoebi. 

dro – 8-10 wT. 


128

moswavleebs vTxovT, individualurad upasuxon saxelmZRva- 

nelos # 20 savarjiSos kiTxvebs. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 



moswavleebma unda amoxsnan saxelmZRvanelos # 14 (d, e), 15, 17 (b, 

d), 21 amocanebi. 

129

gakveTili 2 

gakveTili Temaze: `dawyvilebuli monacemebi. korelacia. 

gabnevis diagrama” 


monacemTa or erTobliobas Soris kavSiri korelaciis 

koeficientis gamoyenebiT da am kavSiris saxeobebi; ga- 

niviTaron gabnevis diagramiT dawyvilebuli monaceme- 

bis warmodgenisa da misadagebis wrfis agebis unar- 

Cvevebi; gamoiyenon dauflebuli codna praqtikuli 

statistikuri amocanebis gadasaWrelad. 


SerCevis, monacemTa erTobliobis Semajamebeli ricxvi- 

Ti maxasiaTeblebis (centraluri tendenciisa da ga- 

fantulobis sazomebis), cvladebs Soris wrfivi da 

arawrfivi damokidebulebebis, ricxvis modulis cnebe- 

bi; SeeZloT monacemTa warmodgena diagramebis saSua- 

lebiT da sxvadasxvagvari diagramebisa Tu cxrilebis 

ganmarteba, monacemTa erTobliobis Semajamebeli ricx- 

viTi maxasiaTeblebis gamoTvla da maTi gamoyeneba sta- 

tistikuri prioblemebis gadaWrisTvis, mocemuli gan- 

130

tolebis mixedviT wrfis ageba sakoordinato sibr- 

tyeze. 

enobrivi miznebi. moswavle Seiswavlis statistikis ZiriTad termi- 

nebs, ecodineba monacemTa erTobliobebs Soris sta- 

tistikuri kavSirebis aRmwer sidideTa qarTuli saxel- 

wodebebi, SeZlebs amgvari kavSirebis niSan-TvisebaTa 

CamoTvlas, qarTulad ganmartavs diagramebs da amis 

safuZvelze gamoTqvams prognozs. 

Sesaswavli leqsika/terminebi: dawyvilebuli monacemebi, gabnevis 

diagrama, korelaciis koeficienti, misadagebis wrfe, 

monacemTa or erTobliobas Soris statistikuri kavSi- 

ri, SemTxveviTi faqtorebi, monacemTa or erTobliobas 

Soris wrfivi kavSiris sazomi. 

funqciuri frazebi: CamoTvale monacemTa erTobliobis Semajame- 

beli ricxviTi maxasiaTebelebi, Camoayalibe cen- 

traluri tendenciis sazomebis gamosaTvleli wesebi, 

Cawere gafantulobis sazomebis gamosaTvleli for- 

mulebi, aage gabnevis diagrama, daxaze misadagebis 

wrfe, ganmarte damokidebuleba misadagebis wiris 

daxrasa da korelaciis koeficients Soris, moaxdine 

eqstrapolacia/interpolacia, gamoTqvi prognozi, 

Seafase prognozis sandooba. 

resursebi: moswavleebs, sul mcire, unda hqondeT yvela saWiro 

operaciis (kvadratSi axarisxebisa da kvadratuli fes- 

vis amoRebis CaTvliT) mqone kalkulatorebi. sasurve- 

lia gakveTilis Catareba kompiuterul laboratoriaSi, 

sadac kompiuterebi CarTuli iqneba qselSi, ise rom 

kompiuterTa raodenoba sakmarisi iyos moswavleTa 

mcire jgufebisTvis samuSaod. am SemTxvevaSi kompiute- 

131

dro - 45 wT. 

rebSi CatvirTuli unda iyos standartuli saofise 

programebis paketi Excel programis CaTvliT. 

aqtivobebi 


moswavleebs SevaxsenebT, rom raime movlenis Sesaxeb 

monacemTa sxvadasxva erTobliobebis aRwera, TvalsaCinod 

warmodgena da Semajamebeli ricxviTi maxasiaTeblebis gamoTvla 

mniSvnelovan safuZvels iZleva am movlenasTan dakavSirebiT 

efeqtiani gadawyvetilebebis misaRebad, magram yovelTvis sakmarisi 

araa. magaliTad, movlenis damaxasiaTebeli sidideebis cvlilebis 

erTmaneTze zegavlenis gaTvaliswinebisTvis saWiroa maT Soris 

kavSiris codna, magram xSirad maT Soris ar arsebobs 

funqcionaluri damokidebuleba SemTxveviTi faqtorebis 

zemoqmedebis gamo. amitom mniSvnelovania, SeviswavloT monacemTa 

or erTobliobas Soris kavSiri, am kavSiris saxe da misi sazomebi. 

Sesabamisad, mocemuli gakveTilis ZiriTad miznad moswavleTa mier 

monacemTa erTobliobebs Soris wrfivi kavSiris aRmoCenis 

saSualebis - gabnevis diagramis, wrfivi kavSiris sazomis - 

korelaciis koeficientis - da wrfivi kavSiris grafikuli 

gamosaxulebis – misadagebis wrfis Seswavlas davsaxavT. 

dro – 3-4 wT. 


132

davsvamT amocanas: aviakompaniis mier reisze bileTis fasis 

cvlasTan erTad icvleboda mgzavrTa raodenobebi. 

xF(fasi la- 

rebSi) 

yF(mgzavrebis 

raodenoba) 

99 150 130 105 219 167 180 

1200 1000 1050 1150 700 850 792 

savaraudod, ramdeni mgzavria mosalodneli, Tuki a) bileTis 

fasi 200 lari iqneba? b) 250 lari iqneba? 

Sewyvilebul monacemTa cxrilidan cxadia, rom bileTis fa- 

sis zrdasTan erTad mgzavrTa raodenobac klebulobs. moswavleeb- 

ma SeiZleba gamoTqvan mosazreba, rom monacemebi gamoxataven uku- 

proporciul an wrfiv klebad funqciur damokidebulebas bileTis 

fassa da mgzavrTa odenobas Soris. moswavleebs vubiZgebT imis 

gacnobierebisken, rom sinamdvileSi dasmuli amocanis gadaWra mo- 

nacemTa or erTobliobas Soris statistikuri xasiaTis kavSiris 

garkvevas da am kavSiris safuZvelze prognozis Camoyalibebas sa- 

Wiroebs. marTlac, mgzavrTa raodenobaze bileTis fasis garda mra- 

vali SemTxveviTi faqtori axdens zegavlenas. amitom erTi da igive 

fasis SemTxvevaSi sruliad SesaZlebelia mgzavrTa ori gansxvave- 

buli raodenoba. maSasadame, es kavSiri araa funqcionaluri damo- 

kidebuleba. 

dro – 5-7 wT. 


kiTxvebis saSualebiT moswavleebs SevaxsenebT monacemTa 

erTobliobis Semajamebel ricxviT maxasiaTeblebs (centraluri 

tendenciisa da gafantulobis sazomebs) da maTi gamoTvlis wesebsa 

Tu formulebs. 

dro – 2-3 wT. 

133

axali masalis wardgena 

moswavleebs gavacnobT Sewyvilebuli x da y monacemebis 

gabnevis diagramas da avuxsniT, rom zogierT SemTxvevaSi gabnevis 

diagramis mixedviT SeiZleba aRmovaCinoT kavSiri monacemTa or 

erTobliobas Soris; magaliTad, SesaZloa, rom (x;y) wertilebi 

dajgufdnen raime wrfis an sxva wiris (magaliTad, parabolis) 

maxloblobaSi (ix. nax. gv. 399). wrfivi da arawrfivi kavSirebisTvis 

gvaqvs, Sesabamisad, misadagebis wrfe da misadagebis wiri 

(parabola); Semdeg moswavleebs gavacnobT korelaciis 

koefiecientis, rogorc monacemTa or erTobliobas Soris wrfivi 

kavSiris sazomis, cnebas; agretve, korelaciis koeficientis 

gamosaTvlel formulas da misadagebis wrfis gantolebas. 

dro – 10-12 wT. 


SemTxveviTi SerCevis wesiT dajgufebuli moswavleebi 

kalkulatorebis an kompiuteruli teqnikis saSualebiT 

samotivacio amocanisTvis aageben gabnevis diagramas, gamoTvlian 

korelaciis koeficients da daxazaven misadagebis wrfes. miRebuli 

Sedegebis safuZvelze, moswavleebs ukve SeuZliaT gamoTqvan 

mosazreba mgzavrebis raodenobis Sesaxeb a) da b) SemTxvevebSi da 

Seafason, ramdenad Zlieri wrfivi kavSiria monacemTa or 

erTobliobas Soris, anu, ramdenad sandoa maTi prognozi. marTlac, 

statistikuri kvlevis saSualebiT, mgzavrTa raodenobis 

miaxloebiTi mniSvnelobebi miiReba a) SemTxvevaSi interpolirebiT, 

radgan 99 < 200 < 219, xolo b) SemTxvevaSi eqstrapolirebiT, 

radgan 250 > 219. rac Seexeba prognozis sandoobas, bunebrivia, 

arasasurvelia maRali biznes-riskebi da amitom Sefasebas 

saWiroebs interpolacia/eqstrapolaciiT miRebuli miaxloebiTi 

134

mniSvnelobebis siaxlove realur mniSvnelobebTan. Amis SefasebaSi 

moswavleebs daexmareba korelaciis koeficientis niSani da 

mniSvneloba: Tu korelaciis koeficienti dadebiTia, maSin 

misadagebis wrfis daxris koeficientic dadebiTia da fasebis 

zrdasTan erTad mgzavrTa raodenobac izrdeba – fasebi da 

mgzavrTa raodenoba dadebiT korelaciaSia erTmaneTTan. piriqiT, 

Tu korelaciis koeficienti uaryofiTia, maSin misadagebis wrfis 

daxris koeficientic uaryofiTia da fasebis zrdasTan erTad 

mgzavrebis raodenoba klebulobs, anu fasebi da mgzavrTa 

raodenoba uaryofiT korelaciaSia erTmaneTTan. amasTanave, rac 

ufro axloa korelaciis koeficientis moduli 1-Tan, miT ufro 

koncentrirebulia wertilebi wrfis maxloblad gabnevis 

diagramaze anu miT ufro Zlieria wrfivi kavSiri monacemebis or 

erTobliobas Soris. maSasadame, rac ufro axlosaa korelaciis 

koeficientis modulis mniSvneloba 1-Tan, miT ufro sandoa 

interpolaciiT da eqstrapolaciiT miRebuli Sedegebi. 

dro – 5-7 wT. 


moswavleebs davavalebT, individualurad Seasrulon analo- 

giuri savarjiSo # 12 saxelmZRvanelodan. 

dro – 5-7 wT. 



elmZRvanelos # 2, 3, 5, 6 savarjiSoebis saSualebiT. 

dro – 3-5 wT. 


135

klasSi miRebul codnasa da gamocdilebaze dayrdnobiT mos- 

wavleebma unda amoxsnan amocanebi saxelmZRvanelodan # 13, 17, 21. 

rekomendebuli funqciuri frazebi sxvadasxva 

sagnis maswavleblebisTvis 

1. misalmeba da socialuri kontaqti 

_ dila mSvidobisa! 

_ gamajobaT! rogor brZandebiT? 

_ gamarjobaT, bavSvebo! dasxediT! 

_ gamajobaT! daviwyoT muSaoba! 

_ mogesalmebiT! daikaveT Tqveni adgilebi! 

2. moswavlis gamokiTxva, misi gamoZaxebis gziT 

_ ... (moswavlis saxeli), modi, geTayva, mogviyevi ... ! 

_ ... (moswavlis saxeli), gTxov, gamodi dafasTan! 

136 

danarTi 

_ ... (moswavlis saxeli), SegiZlia ganmarto / Camoayalibo / daa- 

saxelo / dawero / gvaCveno ... ? 

_ ... (moswavlis saxeli), gTxov, ganmarte / Camoayalibe / daasax- 

ele / CamoTvale / dawere / gvaCvene ... !

3. movaleobebis gadanawileba 

_ msurvelebi xom ar arian? 

_ mWirdeba damxmare, romelic... . 

_ romel Tqvengans surs? 

_ aris vinme, vinc mzad iqneboda... ? 

_ Tu arc erTs ar surs, maSin gTxov Sen, ... (moswavlis saxeli), 

moitane / gaarkvie... ! 

_ me gavanawileb movaleobebs. 

_ kargi, ... (moswavlis saxeli), gTxov moitane...! xolo Sen, ... 

(moswavlis saxeli), unda gawmindo dafa! 

_ Semdeg kviraSi ... (moswavlis saxeli) da ... (moswavlis saxeli) 

Seasruleben Semdeg movaleobebs: ... 

_ Semdeg kviraSi morigeebi iqnebian ... (moswavlis saxeli) da ... 

(moswavlis saxeli). 

_ ... (moswavlis saxeli), gTxov, daarige furclebi / gawminde 

dafa / moitane wignebi / daalage klasi / gaaRe fanjara! 

neli! 

_ ... (moswavlis saxeli), Sen iqnebi TamaSis wamyvani / xelmZRva- 

4. gancxadebebi 

_ dRes viwyeb axal Temas ... -is Sesaxeb. 

_ gakveTilis bolos Catardeba testi / Tavisufal Temaze ... . 

_ axla gagacnobT sakontrolo samuSaos Sedegebs. 

_ Semdeg gakveTilze muzeumSi mivdivarT eqskursiaze. 

_ xval mokle gakveTili iqneba, radganac skolaSi Tojinebis 

Teatris speqtakli / sportuli Sejibri / maswavlebelTa kreba 

tardeba. 

_ momaval kviraSi / Semdeg gakveTilze sakontrolo weraa. 

_ paraskevs, 18 saaTze mSobelTa krebaa. 

_ yuradReba! gakveTilebis cxrili Seicvala! 

137

_ am gakveTilis Semdeg ... . 

5. saSinao davalebebis akreba 

_ gadaSaleT Tqveni rveulebi. 

_ saSinao davaleba yvelam ukve dawera / Seasrula / gaakeTa / 

gaigo / SeZlo dasruleba. 

6. wina gakveTilis Temis gameoreba 

_ gasul / wina gakveTilze Cven vsaubrobdiT / davwereT ... . 

_ gavimeoroT mTavari cnebebi! 

_ gaixseneT cnebebi, romelic ganvixileT ... ! 

_ ra darCa TqvenTvis gaugebari wina gakveTilze axsnili 

masalidan? 

_ gavixsenoT ramdenime faqti / TariRi / cneba / wesi / mizezebi / 

warmoqnis mizezebi! 

_ daasaxeleT wina gakveTilze naswavli terminebi! 

_ CamoayalibeT ...! 

_ gadaSaleT wignebi da gaimeoreT ...! 

7. axali Temis wardgena 

_ am kviraSi ganvagrZob saubars ...-is Sesaxeb. 

_ dRes gavecnobiT ... . 

_ daviwyoT ... Temis ganxilva / Seswavla. 

_ dRes SevavsebT ... -is Sesaxeb Semajamebel cxrils. 

_ aseTi problemis gadawyvetas SevecdebiT: ... . 

_ Tqven ras fiqrobT, ra aris ... ? 

138

_ dRes wina gakveTilze dawyebul Temis ... Sesaxeb gavagrZelebT 

musaobas / saubars. 

8. Temis, konkretuli detalebis ganmarteba: 

8.1. SekiTxvebi 

Txovna, gamoTqvan azri: 

_ ras fiqrob am sakiTxze / Temaze / mosazrebaze? 

_ ra azri / warmodgena gaqvs am sakiTxze? 

_ ras fiqrob ...-ze? 

_ eTanxmebi am mosazrebas / gamonaTqvams? 

_ safuZvlianad geCveneba es Tu ara? 

_ Sen ra mosazreba gaqvs? 

_ eTanxmebi amas? 

_ Sen rogor geCveneba? 

SekiTxvebi faqtebis Sesaxeb: 

_ romelia udidesi ... ? 

_ ra aris umTavresi ... ? 

_ rodis daiwyo / dasrulda ... ? 

_ sad mdebareobs ... ? 

_ ra simaRlisaa... ? 

_ romel jgufs miekuTvneba ... ? 

_ sad gaemgzavra ... ? 

_ ramden xans iarseba ... ? 

_ ra iyo ... ? 

Txovna, ganmarton: 

_ es rogor xdeba? 

_ Seni sityvebiT agvixseni! 

139

_ ra aris am moqmedebis mizezebi / Sedegebi? 

_ risTvis iqneboda es sasargeblo ... ? 

_ ratom moxda ... ? 

_ rogor gaxda ... ? 

Txovna, daamtkicon: 

_ SegiZlia ganmarto amwuTas naTqvami? 

_ SegiZlia daamtkico Seni mosazreba / gamonaTqvami? 

_ SegiZlia raime dokumentis / avtoritetuli avtoris citireba? 

_ es mosazreba safuZvlianad geCveneba? 

ras fiqroben danarCenebi? 

daskvnis gakeTebis Txovna 

_ gTxov, miTxari ra aris am TavSi / naSromSi ZiriTadi / 

mniSvnelovani? 

_ ra iyo am Tavis / naSromis mTavari azri? 

_ gTxov, am Tavis / naSromis / Temis Sesaxeb Sesaxeb mokle 

Sinaarsi dawere! 

_ rogor ggonia, ra iyo umniSvnelovanesi TariRebi / movlenebi / 

adgilebi am ... ? 

8.2. plakatebis da sxva vizualuri masalis 

gamoyeneba 

_ plakatze gamosaxulia / naCvenebia ... . 

_ dRevandel gakveTilze gamoviyenebT plakats / sqemas / films, 

raTa vnaxoT ... . 

_ ras adasturebs es eqsperimenti / es savarjiSoebi...? 

_ wignSi mocemuli naxatebi / gamosaxulebebi / cxrilebi 

gvaZlevs informacias ... . 

140

_ rukaze / wignSi / cxrilSi / koleqciaSi / cxrilSi SegiZliaT 

ixiloT ... . 

_ ra saintereso faqtebi / movlenebi naxeT am ... ? 

8.3. terminologia 

_ gavimeoroT aTvisebuli terminebi! 

_ amoiwere terminebi teqstidan! ganmarte isini! 

_ ipove teqstSi terminis aseTi ganmarteba: ... ! 

_ es sityva ... TargmanSi niSnavs ... . 

_ es termini rveulSi CaviniSnoT! 

8.4. mniSvnelobis, Targmanis Sesaxeb SekiTxvebi 

_ ra aris am sityvis mniSvneloba / cnebis definicia? 

_ es cneba Seni sityvebiT ganmarte! 

_ rogor iTargmneba es ... enaze? 

_ rogor iTqmis es ... enaze? 

8.5. kiTxva 

_ waikiTxe teqsti wignis ... gverdze! 

_ ra aris teqstis mTavari azri / dedaazri? 

_ waikiTxe teqsti da dawere gegma / mokle Sinaarsi! 

_ ipove teqstSi aseT kiTxvebze pasuxebi: ... ! 

8.6. Temebis dakavSireba axali Temis axsnis dros 

movlenebis Tanmimdevroba 

_ pirvel rigSi, ... , Semdeg ... . 

_ daviwyoT imiT, rom ... . 

_ upirveles yovlisa ... . 

_ Tavidan ... . 

_ daaxloebiT 2000 wels ... . 

_ maSin ... da Semdeg ... . 

141

_ ese igi ... amis Sedegad ... . 

_ am drois ganmavlobaSi ... . 

_ da bolos ... . 

_ dasasrul ... . 

movlenebis mniSvneloba: 

_ yvelaze mniSvnelovani, rac unda gavigoT, aris ... . 

_ mTavari problema is iyo, rom ... . 

_ kidev ufro mniSvnelovani is iyo, rom ... . 

_ gasaocari is iyo, rom ... . 

azris gamoTqma: 

_ Cemi azriT, ... . 

_ me vfiqrob, rom ... . 

_ me mimaCnia, rom ... . 

_ me vityodi, rom ... . 

_ SesaZlebelia, ise iyos, rom ... ? 

_ SesaZlebelia, rom ... . 

_ me maqvs eWvi, rom ... . 

_ me vgrZnob, rom ... . 

_ veWvob, rom ... . 

_ oficialuri azri aris - ... . 

SeTavazeba: 

_ me maqvs SemoTavazeba ... . 

_ SegviZlia ... . 

_ iqneb SegviZlia ... ? 

_ erTi xerxi, romlis daxmarebiTac SegviZlia situaciis gaum- 

jobeseba, aris ... . 

_ ar SegviZlia ... ? 

142

_ iqneb mogvesinja ... . 

_ Tqvens adgilze me movsinjavdi ... . 

_ adre Cven yovelTvis ... . 

_ tradiciuli midgoma aseTia: ... . 

_ ase moviqceT: ... . 

_ xom ar ajobebda, rom ... ? 

raime TemaSi CaRrmaveba: 

_ aqve ... . 

_ kidev ... . 

_ kidev ufro ... . 

_ aq gviCndeba SekiTxva ... . 

_ Tumca, ZiriTadi azri isaa, rom ... . 

_ am faqtma SeiZleba aseT sakiTxze dagva- 

fiqros: ... . 

_ mindoda Tqveni yuradReba kidev erTi aspeqtisTvis / 

garemoebisTvis / faqtisTvis / sakiTxisTvis mimeqcia. 

_ ara mxolod es, aramed aseT ... . 

_ garda imisa, rom ... . 

_ aqve davZendi, rom ... . 

mizezebis ganmarteba: 

_ es im mizezebis gamo moxda: ... . 

_ amitomac ... . 

_ am mizeziT ... . 

_ imasTan dakavSirebiT ... . 

_ amis gamo ... . 

_ ase ... . 

_ amis Sedegad ... . 

_ Sesabamisad ... . 

143

_ amgvarad ... . 

_ es aris imis mizezi, rom ... . 

winaswar gansazRvruli situaciebi, winapirobebi: 

Tu ase moxdeba, maSin ... . 

roca ase xdeba, Cveulebriv ... . 

rogorc ki es moxdeba, SegviZlia davelodoT ... . 

Tu rodesme aseTi situaciis mowmeni gaxdebiT, yuradRebiT daak- 

virdiT, rom ... . 

nu eliT, rom ... , sanam, upirveles yovlisa, ar iqneba ... . 

analizi: 

es aris ...-is magaliTi. 

es adasturebs, rom ... . 

es gavfiqrebinebs, rom ... . 

es SeiZleba niSnavdes, rom ... . 

es SeiZleba iyos ... SemTxveva. es amtkicebs, rom ... . 

amis interpretireba SeiZleba, rogorc ... . 

moswavlis naTqvamis gameoreba: 

_ axla Sen ambob, rom ... . 

_ sxva sityvebiT vityodi, ... . 

_ Tu sworad gagige, gindoda geTqva, rom ... . 

_ Seni naTqvamis gameorebiT ... . 

_ Sen migaCnia, rom ... . 

wina naTqvamSi Sesworebebis Setana: 

_ amiT mindoda meTqva, rom ... . 

_ amis safuZvelze vfiqrob, rom ... . 

_ vcdilob giTxraT, rom ... . 

_ imaves vityvi sxva sityvebiT: ... . 

144

oca mimzidvelad gamoiyureba: 

_ gamoiyureba ise, TiTqos ... , magram sinamdvileSi ... . 

_ erTi SexedviT SesaZloa ase mogeCvenebaT ... , magram, faqtobri- 

vad ... . 

upiratesoba: 

_ me mirCevnia, rom ... . 

_ me ufro momwons, roca Tqven ... . 

eWvis gamoTqma: 

_ eg SesaZlebelia, magram ... . 

_ eg simarTlea, magram Tu dafiqrebulxar, rom ... . 

_ geTanxmebi, magram gaiTvaliswine, rom ... . 

_ eg kargi azria, erTaderTi ... . 

_ ki, oRond gaxsovdes, rom ... . 

_ eg SesaZlebelia, magram Tu gaiTvaliswine is faqti, rom ... . 

sakiTxis sxva aspeqtze yuradRebis gadatana: 

_ SesaZlebelia, magram ... . 

_ ar dagaviwydes, rom ... . 

_ rasac Sen ambob, marTalia, Tumca ... . 

_ me mainc mgonia, rom ... . 

ganmartebis Txovna: 

_ SegiZlia ganmarto, rogor ... ? 

_ gTxov gangvimarte Seni pasuxi / azri! 

_ SegiZlia ganmarto, ratom airCie es pasuxi? 

_ gTxov, gaSale Seni pasuxi! 

_ es imas niSnavs, Sen fiqrob, rom ... ? 

145

ame? 

ganzogadeba: 

_ saerTod ... . 

_ zogadad Tu ganvixileT ... . 

_ zogadad saubrisas ... . 

_ Cveulebriv ... . 

_ rogorc yovelTvis ... . 

_ tipobrivia is, rom ... . 

8.9. codnis Semowmeba da gasameorebeli kiTxvebi 

_ yvelaferi gaigeT? 

_ SekiTxvebi xom ar gaqvT? 

_ ... wakiTxvis / mosmenis / yurebis Semdeg gaugebari xom ar aris 

_ ras niSnavs es termini / cneba / warmodgena? 

_ gTxovT, Tqveni sityvebiT gadmosceT! 

_ am TavSi / naSromSi / TemaSi romelia sami mTavari nawili? 

_ ra iyo amis naklovaneba / gamomwvevi mizezebi / safuZveli? 

_ rogori Sedegebi gamoiwvia arCevnebma / skandalma / gamoyofam 

/ gaerTianebam? 

_ rogori gamoxmaureba / Sedegebi mohyva am movlenebs? 

9. miTiTebebi samuSaos organizebis Sesaxeb 

jgufuri samuSao 

_ dRes Cven jgufebSi / wyvilebSi vmuSaobT! 

_ daiyaviT patara jgufebad 3-dan 5-mde adamiani jgufSi! 

146

saxeb. 

_ danarCens wyvilebSi muSaobiT SevasrulebT! 

_ davaleba jgufSi waikiTxeT! 

_ dawereT ... , ris Sesaxebac SeTanxmdiT! 

_ dainawileT movaleobebi jgufSi! 

_ 15 wuTis Semdeg unda moyveT Tqveni samuSaos / miRwevebis Se- 

_ jgufidan erTi adamiani gamoyaviT / airCieT jgufSi erTi ada- 

miani, romelic Tqvens azrs gagvacnobs da erTi - romelic infor- 

macias Caiwers! 

miTiTebebi jgufSi diskusiis dros 

_ pirvel rigSi, daiyaviT jgufebad! 

_ pirvel jgufs eqneba Tema ... , meore jgufs eqneba ... da mesame 

jgufs eqneba ... . 

_ airCieT erTi, vinc ilaparakebs da erTi adamiani, vinc yvela- 

fers Caiwers! 

_ TiToeulma moswavlem unda moamzados moTxroba Tavisi idee- 

bis / faqtebis da maTi CarTviT / maT gaacnos danarCenebi. 

_ gTxov, Cvenc gagvacani Seni azri! 

_ Sen ra azris xar? 

_ Sen rogor fiqrob? 

_ mogviyevi! 

_ Seadare Seni mosazreba jgufis mosazrebas! 

_ isaubre da sakiTxi ganixile Seni jgufis wevrebTan! 

_ daasabuTe Seni mosazreba magaliTebis / konkretuli faqtebis 

daxmarebiT! 

_ roca Tqvens jgufebSi yvelani mzad iqnebiT, mogviyveT, Tu ra 

gaakeTeT, Cven yuradRebiT mogismenT. 

_ Seni referati / aRmoCena yvelas gagvacani! 

147

_ daakonkrete Seni ideebi! 

_ sxvebsac SesTavaze azri gamoTqvan da SekiTxvebi dasvan! 

TamaSebi rolebis ganawilebiT 

_ dRe rolebSi TamaSi monawileobas miiReben ... . 

_ gTxovT, gadiT da derefanSi daicadeT! 

_ rolebis CamonaTvali waikiTxeT! 

_ TamaSi wamyvani iqneba ... . 

_ airCieT da gainawileT rolebi Tqvens jgufSi! 

_ mayureblebo, daaxasiaTeT msaxiobebi! 

individualuri davalebebi 

_ amjerad individualurad vmuSaobT! 

_ yuradRebiT waikiTxe davaleba! 

_ damoukideblad Seavse / Seasrule ... ! 

_ ipove ... / Seadare ... / daadgine ... / daaskveni ... / gvanaxe ... / 

daamtkice, rom ... / ipove ... / Camoayalibe ... / daajgufe ... / aRniSne ... 

/ moniSne ... / gamoikvlie ... / demonstrireba gaakeTe ... / aRwere ... ! 

_ Sens gankargulebaSi 10 wuTia. 

_ SeTxze ambavi am sityvebis gamoyenebiT! 

_ waSale zedmeti sityvebi! 

_ gamoiyene cxrili / ruka / atlasi / sayrdeni sityvebi! 

_ ipove / moZebne saxelmZRvaneloSi / ... gverdze / rukaze ... ! 

_ daajgufe ... warmoSobis / zomis / simaRlis / mniSvnelovnebis 

mixedviT! 

_ Seadare sididis / farTis mixedviT! 

_ mocemuli gegmis mixedviT aRwere ... ! 

_ Seadgine ... sqema! 

_ gaarkvie ... wyoba / funqciebi! 

148

sakontrolo samuSaoebi da gamocdebi 

_ airCieT / moniSneT swori pasuxi! 

_ gadaxazeT araswori debuleba / sityvebi! 

_ teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg upasuxeT kiTxvebs da SeavseT 

tabula! 

_ wereT fanqriT / pastiT! 

_ am davalebis Sesrulebis dros ar SeiZleba koreqtoris / 

leqsikonis / saxelmZRvanelos gamoyeneba. 

_ moifiqreT da uwodeT gamosaxulebas saxeli! 

_ ganmarteT am sityvaTa mniSvneloba! 

saSinao davalebebi 

_ gadaSaleT dRiurebi da CaiwereT ... ! 

_ Semdegi kviris ganmavlobaSi dawereT Tema ... Sesaxeb! 

_ dawereT moTxrobis / statiis / Tavis gegma! 

_ gaxazeT mTavari! 

_ saxlSi unda iswavloT ... Tavis mexuTedan meSvide gverdamde. 

10. aTvisebuli Temis mokle Sinaarsi 

_ dRes Tqven gaigeT ... . 

_ dRevandeli Temis umTavresi nawili iyo ... . 

_ axla Tamamad SegviZlia ganvacxadoT, rom ... . 

_ warmodgena SeviqmeniT ... Sesaxeb. 

_ mokled rom vTqvaT, ... . 

_ yovelive naTqvamis gaTvaliswinebiT, ... . 

_ adre naswavlis gameorebis Sedegad, ... . 

11. klasis gakontroleba 

_ gTxovT yuradRebas! 

_ nu laparakobT! 

_ imuSaveT damoukideblad! 

149

daT! 

_ gTxovT, nu xmaurobT! 

_ wynarad isxediT! 

_ imuSaveT odnav Cumad! 

_ iyaviT yuradRebiT! 

_ usafrTxoebis wesebi daicaviT! 

_ nu uSli sxvebs! 

12. Sefaseba 

_ gmadlobT samuSaosTvis! 

_ Zalian kargi namuSevaria. 

_ dRes kargi Sedegebi gvqonda! 

_ es Sen / Tqven Zalian kargad / kargad gamogivida / gamogivi- 

_ mSvenieria! brwyinvalea! sakmaod kargia! 

_ brwyinvale naSromia! 

_ mSvenieri azria! 

_ kargi pasuxia! 

_ Tqveni naSromebi Sinaarsiani da sainteresoa. 

_ yvelaferi SevZeliT, rac gvqonda dagegmili. 

_ dRes Tqven kargad imuSaveT! 

_ ratom ar aris yvela piroba Sesrulebuli? 

_ rogor moxda, rom ar aris ... ? 

_ Tqven zedapirulad imuSaveT. 

_ ratom ar gadaamowmeT faqtebi? 

_ es saerTod ar Seexeba am Temas. 

_ ase Tu imuSaveT, Sors ver wavalT. 

_ am naSroms azri saerTod ar aqvs. 

_ darwmunebuli var ukeT SegeZlo. 

_ SemdgomSi meti yuradReba miaqcie ... . 

_ Sengan ukeTes / ufro moculobiT pasuxs velodi. 

150

_ unda Seecado da kidev ukeTesi gamova. 

_ ise, ara uSavs, magram dagaviwyda dagewera / gagexaza / 

gamogeTvala / dagemtkica ... . 

13. dasasruli 

_ raime SekiTxvebi xom ar gaqvT? 

_ yvelaferi gasagebia? 

_ Semdeg gakveTilze gavagrZelebT. 

_ momeciT dRiurebi, niSnebs CagiwerT! 

_ Semdeg gakveTilze moitaneT ... . 

_ yvelaze kargi Sedegebi dRes ... hqondaT. 

_ gaxsovdeT, rom xval unda wamoiRoT ... ! 

_ ar dagaviwydeT, rom xval gakveTili 09:45 -ze daiwyeba! 

14. damSvidobeba 

_ momaval Sexvedramde! 

_ SevxvdebiT Semdeg gakveTilze! 

_ warmatebiT! 

_ gmadlobT, dReisTvis sul es aris. 

_ Tavisuflebi xarT. 

_ gmadlobT yuradRebisTvis. 

_ kargad iyaviT, Semdeg Sexvedramde! 

151

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safuZvlebi. ,,samoqalaqo integraciisa da 

erovnebaTSorisi urTierTobebis centris’’ 2010 wlis 

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gamomcemloba 

`saimedo~ 

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saxelmZRvanelo gamoicema euTos erovnul umciresobaTa ...

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