maTematika IV klasi maswavleblis wigni

swavlebis axal safexurze asvla naturalur ricxvTa Seswavlis axali koncentris ganxilvasa
da am ganxilvis ufro maRal doneze warmarTvas gulisxmobs. es procesi Zvel koncentrebTan
(aTeulebi, aseulebi, aTaseulebi) dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis _ numeracia, moqmedebebi
_ gameorebasTan erTad mimdinareobs.
swavleba mimdinareobs siZneleTa ufro maRal doneze _ zomierebis dacviT, siZnelis
zoma ganisazRvreba individualuri midgomebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
Cveni saxelmZRvanelos ZiriTadi konceptualuri principebia:
. kursis Semecnebis ZiriTadi gza induqciuria.
. axali codna ixsneba problemuri situaciis saSualebiT.
. maTematikuri mimarTebebis Tvisebebis Seswavla TvalsaCinod warmodgenili sqemebis,
diagramebis, modelebis gamoyenebiT mimdinareobs.
. mniSvneloba eniWeba saswavlo amocanis sxvadasxva xerxiT amoxsnas, maT Soris arCevanis
gakeTebasa da am arCevanis dasabuTebas.
. saxelmZRvanelo amkvidrebs sxvadasxva formiT mimdinare jgufur muSaobas.
. tradiciuli da Tanamedrove Sexedulebebis sinTezis safuZvelze Camoyalibda Sinaarsis
gamdidreba logikuri xasiaTis davalebebiTa da sakiTxebiT gacnobiTi SeswavlisaTvis,
Sefasebisa da kontrolis gansaxorcieleblad gamiznuli davalebebiT; eileris [25] Sexedulebebis
gaTvaliswinebiT, ariTmetikuli moqmedebebis algoriTmebis Camoyalibeba dasabuTebebis
zomierad gamoyenebebis safuZvelze xdeba; eileri did yuradRebas uTmobda numeraciis
sakiTxebs _ aTobiTi sistemis, ricxvis Caweris wesebis safuZvlian ganxilvas ariTmetikis
safuZvlad miiCnevda. am ideebis gaTvaliswinebiT Seqmnilia bevri Tanamedrove ucxouri saxelmZRvanelo
(ix., mag., [26] _ [29]). didi mniSvneloba eniWeba damrgvalebis process, moqmedebaTa
Sedegebis Sefasebas, `TvaliT~ sidideebis gazomvas (codnis praqtikuli gamoyeneba),
informaciis sxvadasxva formiT warmodgenas, cxovrebiseuli situaciebis gamoyenebas, realuri
damokidebulebebis sqemebiT warmodgenas; metia geometriuli masalis moculobac, romelic
moicavs rogorc planimetriis, aseve stereometriis elementebs (ix., mag., [6], [7], [14],
[18], [20]).
axali saswavlo gegmis moTxovnebi saSualebas gvaZlevs gamoviyenoT ucxo qveynebis gamocdileba
am mimarTulebiT. zemoT CamoTvlil mimarTulebebs emateba moswavleTa `gamoTvliT
momzadebaze~, zrunva, romliTac rusuli saxelmZRvaneloebia gamorCeuli. amasTanave,
yvelgan SeiniSneba naturaluri ricxvis iseTi mniSvnelovani aspeqtis win wamowevac, romelic
70-ian wlebSi saskolo maTematikaSi simravleTa Teoriis globaluri gavleniT Semcirebuli
iyo. Cveni maswavleblebis umetesobac 70-iani wlebis meTodikur literaturas iyenebda swavlebis
procesSi. `naturaluri ricxvis safuZvels warmoadgens simravle, radgan naturaluri
ricxvi aris is saerTo, is ucvleli, rac axasiaTebs erTi da imave klasis yvela simravles. es
saerTo ki aris erT klasSi Semavali eqvivalenturi simravleebis ricxovnoba (raodenobiTi
rocxvi), [5]; `naturaluri ricxvi dawyebiTi swavlebis centraluri cnebaa. igi eqvivalenturi
simravleebis raodenobrivi maxasiaTebelia. es cneba ganixileba simravleebisa da sidideebis
gazomvisas aRiwereba [8]).
naturaluri ricxvis raodenobiTi aspeqtebis win wamoweva damaxasiaTebeli iyo 70-iani
wlebis saxelmZRvaneloebisTvis (maSin maT `Tanamedrove saxelmZRvaneloebs~ uwodebednen).
piaJec [21] am Tvalsazrisis gamziarebeli iyo. saintereso mosazrebebi naturaluri ricxvis
aranakleb mniSvnelovani aspeqtis _ rigobiTi aspeqtis Sesaxeb da piaJes Tvalsarizis kritika
mocemulia g. froidentalis [23] mier.
skolaSi swavlebis maRal doneze warmarTvisTvis maswavleblebs vurCevT gaecnon am mosazrebebs.
skolaSi ricxvis dafuZnebis sakiTxebi sainteresod da mecnierulad maRal donezea
gadmocemuli a. kolmogorovis erT-erT statiaSi (ix., mag., [15]). masSi meoTxe klasis
ZiriTadi sakiTxis _ naturalur ricxvTa Teoriis _ mecnieruli safuZvlebia gadmocemuli.
es Teoria maswavleblis wignSi gamoyenebuli iqneba.
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